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Australia and New Zealand Banking Group

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FY2007 Annual Report · Australia and New Zealand Banking Group
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being different

2007 Annual Report

has its rewards

 ANNUAL REPORT

CONTENTS

Chairman’s Report 
Overview of Operations 
Overview of Business Divisions 
Ten Year Summary 
Directors’ Report 

 Principal Activities  
Result 
State of Affairs 
Dividends 
Review of Operations 
Events Since the End of the 
Financial Year 
Future Developments 
Environmental Regulation 
Directors’ Qualifi cations, Experience 
and Special Responsibilities 
Company Secretaries’ Qualifi cations 
and Experience 
Non-Audit Services 
 Lead Auditor’s Independence 
Declaration 
Directors and Offi cers Who Were 
Previously Partners of the Auditor 
 Chief Executive Offi cer / 
Chief Financial Offi cer Declaration 
Directors’ and Offi cers’ Indemnity 
Rounding of Amounts 
 Executive Offi cers’ and 
Employee Share Options 
Remuneration Report 

Director Remuneration 
Executive Remuneration 
 Chief Executive Offi cers’ 
Remuneration 
 Disclosed Executives’ 
Remuneration 
 Equity Instruments Relating 
to Disclosed Directors and 
Executives 

Corporate Governance Report 

Shareholder Information 

3
4
6
8
10
10
10
10
10
10

10
10
10

11

11
11

12

12

12
12
12

12
14
14
19

22

25

26

36

50

Financial Report 

Income Statements 
Balance Sheets 
 Statements of Recognised 
Income and Expense 
Cash Flow Statements  

Notes to the Financial Statements 

1  Signifi cant Accounting Policies 
2  Critical Estimates and 

Judgements Used in Applying 
Accounting Policies 
Income 
3 
4  Expenses 
5  Compensation of Auditors 
6 
Income Tax Expense 
7  Dividends 
8  Earnings per Ordinary Share 
9  Liquid Assets 
10  Due from Other 

Financial Institutions 

11  Trading Securities 
12  Derivative Financial Instruments 
13  Available-for-sale Assets 
14  Net Loans and Advances 
15  Impaired Financial Assets 
16  Provision for Credit Impairment 
17  Regulatory Deposits 
18  Shares in Controlled Entities,

Associates and Joint
Venture Entities 
19  Deferred Tax Assets 
20  Goodwill and Other Intangible

Assets 

21  Other Assets 
22  Premises and Equipment 
23  Due to Other Financial Institutions 
24  Deposits and Other Borrowings 
25  Income Tax Liabilities 
26  Payables and Other Liabilities 
27  Provisions 
28  Bonds and Notes 
29  Loan Capital 
30  Share Capital 
31  Reserves and Retained Earnings 
32  Minority Interests 

54 
54
55

56
57

58

65
68
69
70
71
72
74
74

74
75
75
83
86
87
88
89

89
92

93
94
94
96
96
97
97
98
98
99
102
104
105

106

109
110
122

33  Average Balance Sheet and 

Related Interest 

34  Interest Spreads and Net Interest 

Average Margins 

35  Financial Risk Management 
36  Interest Rate Risk  
37  Fair Value of Financial Assets 
and Financial Liabilities 

123
129
38  Segment Analysis 
39  Notes to the Cash Flow Statements  132
134
40  Controlled Entities 
135
41  Associates 
135
42  Interests in Joint Venture Entities 
136
43  Fiduciary Activities 
44  Commitments 
137
45  Contingent Liabilities, 

Contingent Assets and Credit 
Related Commitments 

138 

46  Superannuation and Other Post 
Employment Benefi t Schemes 

143
47  Employee Share and Option Plans  148
48  Key Management Personnel 

Disclosures 

49  Transactions with Other 

Related Parties  
50  Exchange Rates 
51  Events Since the End
of the Financial Year 

Directors’ Declaration 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Financial Information

1  Cross Border Outstandings 
2  Certifi cates of Deposit and Term 

Deposit Maturities 

3  Volume and Rate Analysis 
4  Concentrations of Credit Risk 
5  Provision for Credit Impairment 

– Industry Analysis 
6  Short Term Borrowings 
7  Capital Management 
8  Additional Financial Instrument 

Risk Disclosures 

Glossary of Financial Terms 

Alphabetical Index 

154

155
155

155

156

157

158

158
159
160

161
162
162

166

170

172

ANZ Annual Report 2007  1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 Chairman’s 
report 
a message from Charles goode

2007 has been a year of achievement and change. ANZ has performed solidly during 2007, delivering value for 
shareholders, customers and the community. Our level of staff engagement grew and our approach to corporate 
responsibility gained increasing recognition. Looking ahead, we are conscious of the demands of increasing  
competition and the turbulence in world markets. 

OuR peRfORmanCe
anZ’s performance in 2007 was 
characterised by strong revenue growth  
and a prudent approach to risk. 

Our profit after tax for the year ended  
30 September 2007 of $4,180 million was 
up by 13%. Cash profit1 was $3,924 million, 
up by 9%.

The dividend is 136 cents per share fully 
franked, a 9% increase on 2006.

These results reflect the efforts of our 
management and staff, and I thank them  
for their contribution.

expanSIOn and gROwTh
The personal division delivered another very 
strong result driven by revenue growth of 
12%. In new Zealand we increased market 
share in a number of key segments and 
delivered improved financial performance. 
The Institutional division had a mixed year 
but should perform better in 2008.

we continued our expansion in asia. we 
acquired an initial 19% of malaysia’s ammB 
holdings Berhad; 20% of China’s Shanghai 
Rural Commercial Bank; 60% of the Vientiane 
Commercial Bank in Laos; 10% of Vietnam’s 
Saigon Securities Incorporation; and 100% 
of the Citizens Security Bank in guam.

In australia, we completed the successful 
acquisition of eTRade australia Limited.  
we have committed approximately  
$1.5 billion to investments during 2007. 
given this, we are taking the opportunity to 
enhance our strategic flexibility by offering  
a discount of 1.5% under our dividend 
Reinvestment plan, which is underwritten 
and expected to raise an additional  
$1 billion in capital.

LeadeRShIp
John mcfarlane completed his term as  
Chief executive on 30 September having 
occupied that position for ten years. John 
made an enduring contribution to anZ’s 
development, especially in the areas of 
customer satisfaction, staff engagement, 
lifting our position in the community and 
consistently delivering on promises to 
shareholders. anZ now has a strong 
foundation and on behalf of shareholders 
and the Board, I thank him for his 
contribution and service.

michael Smith commenced as Chief 
executive on 1 October. michael is an 
outstanding all round international banker. 
he joins us from hSBC where he had 
responsibility for hSBC’s business in asia.  

david gonski retired from the Board in June 
2007. david made a significant contribution 
and we thank him. Ian macfarlane, former 
governor of the Reserve Bank of australia, 
joined the Board in february 2007.

OuTLOOk
Looking ahead, there are some global 
uncertanties however the economies of 
australia, new Zealand and asia remain 
supportive of growth. anZ remains in good 
shape, with a strong liquidity and funding 
position. we are well positioned for 2008.

Charles goode Chairman

1  anZ excludes from cash profit significant items, anZ national 
Bank integration costs and volatility associated with fair value 
movements relating to economic hedges. 

Chairman’s Report  3

OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS

ANZ recorded a profi t after tax of $4,180 million for the year ended 30 September 2007, an increase of 13% over the 
September 2006 year.

Income Statement ($m)

Net interest income
Other operating income

Operating income
Operating expenses

Provision before credit impairment and income tax
Provision for credit impairment

Profi t before income tax
Income tax expense
Minority interest

Profi t attributable to shareholders of the Company

2007

7,302
4,083

11,385
(4,953)

6,432
(567)

5,865
(1,678)
(7)

4,180

2006

6,943
3,209

10,152
(4,531)

5,621
(407)

5,214
(1,522)
(4)

3,688

Movt
%

5%
27%

12%
9%

14%
39%

12%
10%
75%

13%

ANZ recorded a $492 million (13%) 
increase in profi t attributable to 
shareholders of the Company, from 
$3,688 million for the year ended 
30 September 2006 to $4,180 million for 
the year ending 30 September 2007. Key 
factors infl uencing this increase were:

  Net interest income increased $359 
million (5%) from $6,943 million for the 
year ended 30 September 2006 to $7,302 
million for the year ended 30 September 
2007. Net interest income was driven by 
average lending growth of 11% and average 
deposit growth of 8%, partially offset by a 
decline in net interest margin of 12 basis 
points.
  Other operating income increased $874 
million (27%) from $3,209 million for the 
year ended 30 September 2006 to $4,083 
million for the year ended 30 September 
2007. The increase included a $195 million 
gain on sale from Fleet Partners Pty Limited 
and Truck Leasing Limited, and an increase 
over 2006 of $74 million arising on volatility 
from the use of derivatives in economic 
hedges and use of the fair value option.
  Operating expenses increased $422 
million (9%) from $4,531 million for the 
year ended 30 September 2006 to $4,953 
million for the year ended 30 September 

2007. The increase was impacted by a $113 
million cost recovery during 2006 following 
the settlement of a claim against a number 
of reinsurers in relation to the National 
Housing Bank (NHB) matter, partly offset by 
ANZ National Bank integration costs of $39 
million incurred in 2006.
  Provision for credit impairment increased 
$160 million (39%) from $407 million for 
the year ended 30 September 2006 to 
$567 million for the year ended 
30 September 2007. 
  Income tax expense increased $156 
million (10%) from $1,522 million for the 
year ended 30 September 2006 to $1,678 
million for the year ended 30 September 
2007. The effective tax rate was 28.6%, 
a reduction from 29.2% at 30 September 
2006. The decrease includes the usage 
of capital losses which offset the capital 
gains made on the sale of Fleet Partners Pty 
Limited and other assets, and the non-
assessable gain on the sale of Truck Leasing 
Limited, partially offset by the restatement 
of deferred tax balances for the announced 
New Zealand tax rate change which takes 
effect on 1 October 2008.

Analysis in greater detail of business 
performance in major income and expense 
categories follows.

NET INTEREST INCOME
Net interest income increased $359 million 
(5%) to $7,302 million for the year ended 
30 September 2007. Net interest income 
was driven by an increase in average 
interest earning assets of 11% and average 
deposit and other borrowings growth of 8%, 
partially offset by a decline in net interest 
margin of 12 basis points.

The growth in average interest earning 
assets included an increase in Personal 
of 11% in lending assets, primarily in 
Mortgages, and from growth in retail 
loans and one-off borrowings following 
superannuation legislation changes. 
Institutional grew 9% as a result of 
continuing strong customer demand for debt 
products, especially in Relationship Lending 
in the latter part of the year and Business 
Banking. New Zealand Businesses grew 13% 
with robust growth across all businesses. 
Trading securities and available-for-sale 
assets grew by 16% refl ecting Institutional’s 
Debt Capital Markets’ strategy to expand 
their on-balance sheet trading portfolio and 
liquid assets.

Average deposits and other borrowings 
increased 8% with customer deposits 
growing by 15%. Personal grew 13% as a 
result of ongoing marketing campaigns, in-

4  ANZ Annual Report 2007

branch promotions and simplifi cation 
of account opening procedures. Institutional 
grew 25%, mainly in Trade & Transaction 
Services resulting from customer acquisition 
and the impact of new superannuation 
laws. New Zealand grew 11% with growth 
in both Institutional and the Retail brands. 
Other deposits and borrowings decreased 
by 12%, primarily in the United States due 
to the wind up of the Group’s Delaware 
commercial paper program in February 
2007.

Net interest margin was down 12 basis 
points to 2.19% from September 2006 with 
the key drivers being: 

Competition (-9 basis points). Competitive 
pressures reduced margins, particularly 
in Australian and New Zealand Mortgages. 
In addition, net interest margin declined 
due to lower lending related fees and 
migration to high yielding deposits and 
low rate credit cards.

Wholesale rates (+3 basis points). Earnings 
from the investment of capital and rate 
insensitive deposits increased, partially 
offset by an increase in basis risk on 
variable rate mortgages and credit cards.

Other items (-6 basis points). NZD revenue 
hedging was included in interest income 
in prior periods, and in 2007 is included in 
foreign exchange earnings. Higher funding 
costs associated with unrealised trading 
gains (-3 basis points) were directly offset 
by an equivalent increase in trading income.

OTHER OPERATING INCOME
Other operating income increased $874 
million (27%) to $4,083 million for the 
year ended 30 September 2007. Excluding 
the gain on sale from Fleet Partners Pty 
Limited and Truck Leasing Limited of $195 
million, the increase of $74 million arising 
from volatility from the use of derivatives 
in economic hedges and the use of the 
fair value option and the $14 million 
received on settlement of ANZ National 
Bank claims during 2006, other operating 
income increased $619 million (20%). Fee 
income increased $235 million, largely in 
non-lending fee income following volume 
growth and revenue initiatives particularly 
within Consumer Finance, Investment and 
Insurance Products and Banking Products 
within Personal, and Corporate Finance and 
Working Capital within Institutional. 

Foreign exchange earnings and profi t on 
trading securities increased $160 million 
refl ecting growth in derivative positions in 
Markets, the funding of which is included in 
net interest income.

Other income increased $184 million, 
including an increase in brokerage income 
of $39 million following the consolidation 
of ETRADE Australia Limited for the fi rst 
time as full ownership was achieved. The 
acquisition of Stadium Australia during 
the fi rst half of 2007 also contributed 
additional other income of $38 million. In 
addition, equity accounting income was 
higher in Partnerships and Private Bank 
due to increased earnings from INGA, a full 
year result from Bank of Tianjin and new 
investment in AMMB Holdings Berhad.

OPERATING EXPENSES
Operating expenses increased $422 
million (9%) to $4,953 million for the year 
ended 30 September 2007. Excluding the 
impact of the $113 million cost recovery 
during 2006 in relation to NHB, and the 
ANZ National Bank integration costs of 
$39 million incurred in 2006, operating 
expenses increased $348 million (8%). 

Personnel costs were up $236 million 
(9%) as a result of annual salary increases 
and a 7% increase in staff numbers from 
acquisitions and additional staff to support 
new initiatives and business growth. 
Premises costs increased $51 million 
(12%), driven mainly by higher rental 
expense refl ecting additional space 
requirements, opening of new branches, 
additional ATMs and market rental growth. 
Computer costs increased $43 million (8%) 
from increased software purchases due 
mainly to internet banking licence fees and 
increased information system usage. Other 
expenses increased $18 million (2%) largely 
following an increase in Corporate Finance 
following the consolidation of Stadium 
Australia (mainly event costs).

PROVISION FOR CREDIT IMPAIRMENT
Provision for credit impairment increased 
$160 million (39%) to $567 million for 
the year ended 30 September 2007. The 
individual provision charge increased 
$146 million. Personal increased due to 
prior years’ growth in low rate cards, higher 
bankruptcies and increased servicing 

pressure from higher interest rates, housing 
costs and fuel prices. Esanda experienced 
lower realisable values on defaulted large 
motor vehicles due to the impact of higher 
fuel prices. New Zealand Businesses 
returned to more normal provisioning levels 
following higher than usual writebacks last 
fi nancial year. Institutional provisions have 
been infl uenced by two customers, offset 
by a substantial recovery in the fi rst half 
($47 million).

The collective provision charge increased 
$14 million. The charge for the year was 
driven by asset growth and changes in 
portfolio risk. This was partially offset 
by the continued release of the scenario 
impact provision taken in 2005 to refl ect 
the risk change due to materially higher 
and sustained oil prices. The increase in 
2007 was primarily due to growth in New 
Zealand, which was partially offset by a 
lower charge in Personal from continued 
prudent management of unsecured lending, 
particularly in Consumer Finance (due 
to tightened credit standards, reduced 
business in certain segments and improved 
collections) and lower risk movement, 
particularly in Esanda.

INCOME TAX EXPENSE
Income tax expense increased $156 million 
(10%) to $1,678 million for the year ended 
30 September 2007. Excluding the impact 
of the usage of capital losses which offset 
the capital gains made on the sale of Fleet 
Partners Pty Limited and other assets, the 
non-assessable gain on the sale of Truck 
Leasing Limited partially offset by the 
restatement of deferred tax balances for 
the announced New Zealand tax rate change 
which takes effect on 1 October 2008, the 
effective tax rate was 29.1%, a reduction 
from 29.3% at 30 September 2006. The 
decrease was due primarily to increased 
profi ts from associates (net of Australian 
top-up tax) and Offshore Banking Unit 
(OBU) benefi ts, partially offset by the run-off 
of structured fi nance transactions.

Chief Financial Offi cer’s Report  5

OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS DIVISIONS

PERSONAL DIVISION

Income Statement ($m)

Net interest income
Other operating income

Operating income
Operating expenses

Provision before credit impairment and income tax
Provision for credit impairment

Profi t before income tax
Income tax expense and minority interest

Profi t after tax

Cost to income

Employee numbers

2007

3,282
1,411

4,693
(2,240)

2,453
(393)

2,060
(618)

1,442

2006

3,017
1,166

4,183
(2,081)

2,102
(336)

1,766
(527)

1,239

Movt %

9%
21%

12%
8%

17%
17%

17%
17%

16%

47.7%

49.7%

14,096

12,913

9%

Profi t after tax increased $203 million (16%) to $1,442 million for the year ended 30 September 2007. This increase was driven by strong 
lending and customer deposit growth and the benefi ts from ongoing investment in the business. Expansion of the footprint continued with 
39 extra branches in 2007, a further 400 ATMs and 1,183 additional staff, mainly in customer-facing and transformation roles. Five months 
of ETRADE Australia results were consolidated as full ownership was achieved (an increase of $37 million operating income and $28 million 
in operating expenses).
Operating income was up 12% driven by volume growth, partly offset by margin decline of 5 basis points. Consumer Finance grew 12% due 
to increasing volumes and the impact of growth initiatives. Banking Products increased 15% mainly from new customer accounts. Mortgages 
grew 6% with lending growth of 12% offset by higher funding costs and continued competitive pressure on margins. Operating expenses 
increased 8% due to additional branches, ATMs and frontline staff as part of the investment in building “Australia’s Most Convenient Bank”. 
Credit costs increased 17% mainly refl ecting volume growth, a strategic risk mix shift to low rate business, and higher delinquencies and 
bankruptcies in Consumer Finance.

INSTITUTIONAL DIVISION

Income Statement ($m)

Net interest income
Other operating income

Operating income
Operating expenses

Provision before credit impairment and income tax
Provision for credit impairment

Profi t before income tax
Income tax expense and minority interest

Profi t after tax

Cost to income

Employee numbers

2007

1,975
1,527

3,502
(1,378)

2,124
(69)

2,055
(607)

1,448

2006

2,015
1,241

3,256
(1,256)

2,000
(58)

1,942
(579)

1,363

Movt %

(2%)
23%

8%
10%

6%
19%

6%
5%

6%

39.3%

38.6%

5,225

4,915

6%

Profi t after tax increased $85 million (6%) to $1,448 million for the year ended 30 September 2007. The Markets business continued to 
benefi t from diversity of product and geographic cover, with sales revenue particularly strong. Corporate Finance continued to grow with 
Alternative Assets increasing Funds Under Management and strong returns from earlier investments in the Private Equity business, although 
revenue growth was slowed by the substantial decline in capital market activity in the last two months of the year. Trade & Transaction 
Services maintained steady growth and solid volume growth in Business Banking was impacted in the fi rst half by competitive pressures on 
margins on the secured lending book. Stadium Australia became a wholly owned subsidiary during the year as part of the Alternative Assets 
business (an increase of $35 million in operating income and $29 million in operating expenses).
Operating income was up 8% driven by an increase of 7% in average net lending assets and 17% in average deposit and other borrowings 
volumes partially offset by a decline in net interest margin of 18 basis points. Strong revenue growth was achieved in Markets and Corporate 
Finance from increased customer activities. Operating expenses increased 10%, refl ecting an increase of 310 in employee numbers and 
continued investments in technology in Markets and Trade and Transaction Services. Provision for credit impairment increased 19% with 
two large individual provisions offsetting a large recovery in the fi rst half ($47 million). 

6  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NEW ZEALAND BUSINESSES

Income Statement ($m)

Net interest income
Other operating income

Operating income
Operating expenses

Provision before credit impairment and income tax
Provision for credit impairment

Profi t before income tax
Income tax expense and minority interest

Profi t after tax

Cost to income

Employee numbers

2007

1,666
507

2,173
(1,034)

1,139
(69)

1,070
(344)

726

2006

1,507
481

1,988
(987)

1,001
(4)

997
(322)

675

Movt %

11%
5%

9%
5%

14%
large

7%
7%

8%

47.6%

49.6%

8,923

8,788

2%

Profi t after tax increased $51 million (8%) to $726 million for the year ended 30 September 2007. Strong revenue growth, largely from 
continued momentum in lending growth, supported continued reinvestment in the business and the strengthening of the customer 
proposition. The result included an increase in credit impairment expense of $65 million from unusually low levels in 2006.
Operating income was up 9% driven by robust balance sheet growth, with lending growth increasing 12% and customer deposits 7%, 
moderated by a 9 basis point contraction in margins. The disposal of the remaining MasterCard shares generated $9 million for the retail 
businesses ($4 million in 2006). Operating expenses increased 5% due to annual increases in salaries and investment in frontline staff and 
other business initiatives, partly offset by control of discretionary expenditure. The 2006 result included costs of $9 million in relation to 
the New Zealand Commerce Commission’s action on disclosure of optional issuer fees. The cost to income ratio reduced 200 basis points to 
47.6%. Provision for credit impairment increased $65 million from $4 million in 2006, refl ecting high levels of recoveries and writebacks of 
past provisions in the Corporate and Business Banking portfolios last year. 

PARTNERSHIPS & PRIVATE BANK

Income Statement ($m)

Net interest income
Other operating income

Operating income
Operating expenses

Provision before credit impairment and income tax
Provision for credit impairment

Profi t before income tax
Income tax expense and minority interest

Profi t after tax

Cost to income

Employee numbers

2007

133
289

422
(123)

299
(34)

265
(18)

247

2006

107
208

315
(95)

220
(24)

196
(12)

184

Movt %

24%
39%

34%
29%

36%
42%

35%
50%

34%

29.1%

30.2%

1,574

1,102

43%

Profi t after tax increased $63 million (34%) to $247 million for the year ended 30 September 2007. INGA earnings were up 27% driven by 
increased funds management activities. ANZ Private Bank profi t after tax increased 16% with volume growth and increased sales of advisory 
and alternative investment products. 2007 also included signifi cant Partnership activity with the completion of investments in AMMB 
Holdings Berhad in Malaysia, ANZ Vientiane Commercial Bank in Laos and Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank in China. 
Operating income was up 34% primarily from volume growth in Indonesia Cards and Personal and Private Bank business in Asia. In addition, 
INGA equity accounted income was up 27% refl ecting strong core operating profi t benefi ting from superannuation legislation changes, 
buoyant investment markets and higher capital investment earnings. International Partnerships other operating income increased 73% as a 
result of stronger Panin earnings, the full year impact of new partnerships and the fi rst time booking of a full quarter of earnings from AMMB 
Holdings Berhad. ANZ Private Bank other income increased 62% due to higher income from the distribution of alternative investment and 
advisory products. Operating expenses increased 29% as a result of ongoing investment across all of the businesses. Provision for credit 
impairment increased 42% due to the impact of regulatory changes and business volume growth in Indonesia Cards.

Overview of Business Divisions  7

TEN YEAR SUMMARY

Financial Performance1 
Net interest income
Other operating income
Operating expenses
Profi t before income tax, credit 
impairment and non-core items1
Provision for credit impairment 
Income tax expense
Minority interest
Cash profi t1 
Non-core items1 

Profi t attributable to shareholders of the company

Financial Position 
Assets2
Net Assets
Tier 1 capital ratio3
Return on average ordinary equity4,5
Return on average assets4
Cost to income ratio6

Shareholder value – ordinary shares
Total return to shareholders
(share price movement plus dividends)
Market capitalisation
Dividend
Franked portion  

Share price7  

–interim
–fi nal
–high
–low
–30 Sep

Share information
(per fully paid ordinary share) 
Earnings per share7   –basic
Dividend payout ratio8
Net tangible assets per ordinary share9
No. of fully paid ordinary 
shares issued (millions)
Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRP) issue price

–interim
–fi nal

Other information
Points of representation10
No. of employees (full time equivalents) 
No. of shareholders11

2007
$m

7,302
3,765
(4,953)

6,114
(567)
(1,616)
(7)
3,924
256

4,180

392,613
22,048
6.7%
19.6%
1.1%
44.8%

15.6%
55,382
136c
100%
100%
$31.50
$25.75
$29.70

 224.1c
60.9%
$9.37

1,864.7

$29.29
–

1,327
34,353
327,703

2006
$m

6,943
3,146
(4,605)

5,484
(407)
(1,486)
(4)
3,587
101

3,688

334,640
19,906
6.8%
20.1%
1.1%
45.6%

17.1%
49,331
125c
100%
100%
$28.66
$22.70
$26.86

 200.0c
62.6%
$8.53

1,836.6

$26.50
$28.25

1,265
32,256
291,262

2005
$m

6,371
2,935
(4,340)

4,966
(565)
(1,247)
(3)
3,151
24

3,175

300,885
19,538
6.9%
19.0%
1.1%
46.6%

32.6%
43,834
110c
100%
100%
$24.45
$19.02
$24.00

169.5c
65.0%
$7.77

1,826.4

$21.85
$23.85

1,223
30,976
263,467

2004
$m

5,252
3,267
(4,005)

4,514
(632)
(1,147)
(4)
2,731
84

2,815

259,345
17,925
6.9%
17.8%
1.1%
45.3%

17.0%
34,586
101c
100%
100%
$19.44
$15.94
$19.02

153.1c
67.5%
$7.51

1,818.4

$17.84
$19.95

1,190
28,755
252,072

1   ANZ excludes from cash profit significant items, ANZ National Bank integration costs and 
volatility associated with ineffectiveness arising from designated accounting hedges, 
volatility arising from the usage of the fair value option and volatility from approved classes 
of derivatives not designated in accounting hedge relationships but that are considered to be 
economic hedges. ANZ excludes these items to provide a better indication of the underlying 
business performance. In addition, the 2005 result has been calculated on an AIFRS basis 
that is comparable with 2006 with the net effect of these adjustments included in non-core items, 
allowing readers to see the impact on 2005 results of accounting standards that have only 
been applied from 1 October 2005.

2   From 1998 to 2001, consolidated assets include the statutory funds of ANZ Life as required 

by an accounting standard. For the year 2004, consolidated assets include the statutory funds 
of NBNZ Life Insurance Limited. ANZ Life was sold in May 2002 and NBNZ Life Insurance was 
sold on 30 September 2005.

3   Calculated in accordance with Australian Prudential Regulation Authority requirements 

effective at the relevant date.

4   Excludes non-core items and minority interest. The 2005 ratio has been calculated on an 

AIFRS basis that is comparable with that of 2006.

8  ANZ Annual Report 2007

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2003
$m

4,311
2,808
(3,228)

3,891
(614)
(926)
(3)
2,348
–

2,348

195,591
13,787
7.7%
20.6%
1.2%
45.1%

6.7%
27,314
95c
100%
100%
$18.45
$15.01
$17.17

142.4c
64.2%
$7.49

1,521.7

$18.48
$16.61

1,019
23,137
223,545

2002
$m

4,018
2,796
(3,153)

3,661
(610)
(880)
(3)
2,168
154

2,322

183,105
11,465
7.9%
21.6%
1.3%
46.0%

15.3%
26,544
85c
100%
100%
$19.70
$15.23
$16.88

141.4c
57.8%
$6.58

1,503.9

$19.24
$18.32

1,018
22,482
198,716

Previous AGAAP

2001
$m

3,833
2,573
(3,092)

3,314
(531)
(911)
(2)
1,870
–

1,870

185,493
10,551
7.5%
20.2%
1.1%
48.0%

26.2%
23,783
73c
100%
100%
$16.71
$12.63
$15.28

112.7c
62.0%
$5.96

1,488.3

$15.05
$18.33

1,056
22,501
181,667

2000
$m

3,801
2,583
(3,314)

3,070
(502)
(863)
(2)
1,703
44

1,747

172,467
9,807
7.4%
19.3%
1.1%
51.7%

36.3%
20,002
64c
100%
100%
$12.87
$9.18
$12.70

102.5c
59.1%
$5.49

1,506.2

$11.62
$14.45

1,087
23,134
179,829

1999
$m

 3,655
2,377
(3,300)

2,732
(510)
(736)
(6)
1,480
–

1,480

152,801
9,429
7.9%
17.6%
1.0%
54.5%

19.6%
16,045
56c
75%
80%
$12.11
$8.12
$9.80

86.9c
62.1%
$5.21

1,565.4

$10.95
$11.50

1,147
30,171
179,945

1998
$m

3,547
2,142
(3,442)

2,247
(487)
(576)
(9)
1,175
(69)

1,106

153,215
8,391
7.2%
15.9%
0.7%
60.9%

–15.6%
13,885
52c
60%
60%
$11.52
$7.65
$8.62

69.7c
67.8%
$4.98

1,539.4

$10.64
$10.78

1,205
32,072
151,564

5   For the periods 1998 to 2002, the return on average ordinary equity calculation accrues the 
dividend over the year. From 2003, dividends may no longer be accrued and are not included 
in the calculation of return on average ordinary equity.

6   Excludes non-core items. Periods prior to 2005 also exclude goodwill amortisation. The 
2005 ratio has been calculated on an AIFRS basis that is comparable with that of 2006.
7   Periods prior to 2004 adjusted for the bonus elements of the November 2003 Rights Issue.
8   From 2003, the dividend payout ratio includes the final dividend proposed but not provided 
for in terms of AASB 1044 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets which was 
effective from the September 2003 financial year.

9   Equals shareholders’ equity less preference share capital, goodwill, software and other 

intangible assets divided by the number of ordinary shares. For periods prior to 2005, this 
equals shareholders’ equity less preference share capital and unamortised goodwill divided 
by the number of ordinary shares.

10 Includes branches, offices, representative offices and agencies.
11 From 2000 onwards, the number of shareholders does not include the number of employees 
whose only shares are held by ANZEST Pty Ltd as the trustee for shares issued under the 
terms of any ANZ employee incentive plan.

Ten Year Summary  9

DIRECTORS’ REPORT

The directors present their report together with the Financial Report of the consolidated entity (the Group), being Australia 
and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (the Company) and its controlled entities, for the year ended 30 September 2007 
and the Independent Auditor’s Report thereon. The information is provided in conformity with the Corporations Act 2001.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
The Group provides a broad range of 
banking and fi nancial products and services 
to retail, small business, corporate and 
institutional clients.
The Group conducts its operations primarily 
in Australia and New Zealand (93% of total 
assets at 30 September 2007 are related 
to these operations). The remainder of the 
Group’s operations are conducted across 
the Asia Pacifi c region and in a number 
of other countries including the United 
Kingdom and the United States.
At 30 September 2007, the Group had 
1,327 branches and other points of 
representation worldwide excluding 
Automatic Teller Machines (‘ATMs’).

RESULT
Consolidated profi t after income tax 
attributable to shareholders of the Company 
was $4,180 million, an increase of 13% over 
the prior year. 
The increase in profi t is due to revenue 
growth of 12% which includes a one-off 
gain on the sale of Esanda Fleetpartners 
of $195 million.

The provision for credit impairment charge 
increased by 39% to $567 million. The 
increase is principally due to higher individual 
provision charges in Personal Division 
resulting from planned growth and lower 
recoveries in 2007 as compared to 2006.

One of the key drivers of the Group’s 
performance has been strong overall 
balance sheet growth over the past 12 
months. The major components of the 
Group’s balance sheet and the related 
movements from prior year are as follows:
   Net loans and advances increased by 
13% from $255,922 million to $288,846 
million, primarily due to growth in 
mortgage and institutional lending in 
Australia.
   Deposits and other borrowings increased 
by 15% from $204,794 million to 
$234,873 million, principally to fund 
business growth.
   Bonds and notes increased by 8% from 
$50,050 million to $54,075 million, 
primarily to fund asset growth.

10  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Further details are contained on pages 4 to 
7 of this Annual Report.

STATE OF AFFAIRS
In the directors’ opinion, there have been no 
signifi cant changes in the state of affairs of the 
Group during the fi nancial year, other than:
  In October 2006, ANZ sold the Esanda 
Fleetpartners business.
  In May 2007, ANZ acquired an initial 
19% investment in AMMB Holdings Berhad 
(“AMMB”).
  In June 2007 ANZ fi nalised its acquisition 
of ETRADE Australia Limited.
  In July 2007 ANZ acquired 100% 
of Citizens Security Bank in Guam.
  In August 2007 ANZ acquired 10% 
of Saigon Securities Incorporation.

  In September 2007 ANZ acquired 
a 20% investment in Shanghai Rural 
Commercial Bank.
  In September 2007 ANZ acquired 60% of 
the ANZ Vientiane Commercial Bank in Laos.

During the year, ANZ applied for 
deregistration from the US Securities 
and Exchange Commission (SEC) as a 
Foreign Private Issuer of Securities in the 
United States. This became effective in 
October 2007.

Further review of matters affecting the 
Group’s state of affairs is also contained in 
the Overview of Operations on pages 4 and 
5 of this Annual Report.

DIVIDENDS
The directors propose that a fi nal fully 
franked dividend of 74 cents per fully paid 
ordinary share shall be paid on 21 December 
2007. The proposed payment amounts to 
approximately $1,381 million. 

During the fi nancial year, the following fully 
franked dividends were paid on fully paid 
ordinary shares:

Cents 
per
share

Amount before bonus 
option plan adjustment
$m

Type

Date of
payment

Final 
2006
Interim 
2007

69

62

15 December 
2006
2 July
2007

1,267

1,144

The proposed fi nal dividend of 74 cents 
together with the interim dividend of 62 cents 
brings total dividends in relation to the year 
ended 30 September 2007 to 136 cents 
fully franked.

REVIEW OF OPERATIONS

Over the past decade ANZ has improved 
fi nancial performance, productivity and 
returns to shareholders. We have continued 
to focus on our customers, our people and 
our communities. 

The Group has produced a solid result 
based on solid business performance 
for the year ended 30 September 2007. 
Divisional performance showed good 
growth primarily in Personal and New 
Zealand Businesses, with more subdued 
growth in Institutional.

Further review of the Group during the 
fi nancial year and the results of those 
operations, including an assessment of the 
fi nancial position and business strategies 
of the Group, is contained in the Chairman’s 
Report, the Overview of Operations and the 
Overview of Business Divisions on pages 
3 to 7 of this Annual Report.

EVENTS SINCE THE END OF THE 
FINANCIAL YEAR
There were no signifi cant events from 30 
September 2007 to the date of this report.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
Details of likely developments in the 
operations of the Group and its prospects 
in future fi nancial years are contained in 
this Annual Report under the Chairman’s 
Report. In the opinion of the directors, 
disclosure of any further information 
would be likely to result in unreasonable 
prejudice to the Group.

ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION
ANZ recognises our obligation to our 
stakeholders – customers, shareholders, 
staff and the community – to operate in 
a way that advances sustainability and 
mitigates our environmental impact. Our 
commitment to improve our environmental 
performance is integral to our “making 
a sustainable contribution to society”.

We acknowledge that we have an impact 
on the environment:
  directly through the conduct of our 
business operations; and
  indirectly through the products and 
services we provide to our customers.

As such, ANZ has established an 
Environment charter, strategy and internal 
responsibilities for reducing the impact of 
our operations and business activities on 
the environment.

The operations of the Group are not 
subject to any particular and signifi cant 
environmental regulation under a law of 
the Commonwealth or of a State or Territory. 
However, the operations of the Group may 
become subject to environmental regulation 
when enforcing securities over land. ANZ 
has developed policies to manage such 
environmental risks. Having made due 
enquiry, to the best of our knowledge no 
member of the Group has incurred any 
material environmental liability during 
the year.

DIRECTORS’ QUALIFICATIONS, 
EXPERIENCE AND SPECIAL 
RESPONSIBILITIES
At 1 October 2006, the Board comprised 
7 independent non-executive directors and 1 
executive director, the Chief Executive Offi cer. 
Mr David Gonski retired on 30 June 2007 and 
Mr John McFarlane’s term as Chief Executive 
Offi cer and Managing Director ended on 30 
September 2007. Mr Ian Macfarlane was 
appointed to the Board as an independent 
non-executive director on 16 February 2007 
and Mr Michael Smith was appointed as Chief 
Executive Offi cer and Managing Director on 1 
October 2007.

At the date of this report, the Board 
comprises 7 non-executive directors 
who have a diversity of business and 
community experience and 1 executive 
director, the Chief Executive Offi cer, who 
has extensive banking experience. The 
names of directors and details of their 
skills, qualifi cations, experience and when 
they were appointed to the Board are 
contained on pages 37 to 39 of this 
Annual Report. 

Details of the number of Board and 
Board Committee meetings held during 
the year, directors’ attendance at those 
meetings, and details of directors’ special 
responsibilities are shown on pages 43 to 
45 of this Annual Report. 

Details of directorships of other listed 
companies held by each current director 
in the 3 years prior to the end of the 2007 
fi nancial year are listed on pages 37 to 39.

COMPANY SECRETARIES’ 
QUALIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE
Currently there are three people appointed 
as Company Secretaries of the Company. 
Details of their roles are contained on page 
42. Their qualifi cations are as follows:
  Bob Santamaria, BCom, LLB (Hons), 
Group General Counsel and Company 
Secretary.
 Mr Santamaria joined ANZ on 27 August 
2007. He had previously been a Partner at 
the law fi rm Allens Arthur Robinson since 
1987. He was Executive Partner Corporate, 
responsible for client liaison with some of 
Allens Arthur Robinson’s largest corporate 
clients. Mr Santamaria brings to ANZ a 
strong background in leadership of a 
major law fi rm, together with signifi cant 
experience in securities, mergers and 
acquisitions. He holds a Bachelor of 
Commerce and Bachelor of Laws (Honours) 
from the University of Melbourne. He is 
also an Affi liate of Chartered Secretaries 
Australia.
  Peter Marriott, BEc (Hons), 
Chief Financial Offi cer and Company 
Secretary. 

 Mr Marriott has been involved in the fi nance 
industry for more than 25 years. Mr Marriott 
joined ANZ in 1993. Prior to his career 
at ANZ, Mr Marriott was a Partner in the 
Melbourne offi ce of the then KPMG Peat 
Marwick. He is a Fellow of a number 
of professional organisations including 
the Institute of Chartered Accountants 
in Australia and the Australian Institute 
of Banking and Finance. He is also a 
Member of the Australian Institute of 
Company Directors.
    John Priestley, BEc, LLB, FCIS, 
Company Secretary.

Mr Priestley, a qualifi ed lawyer, joined ANZ 
in 2004. Prior to ANZ, he had a long career 
with Mayne Group and held positions 
which included responsibility for the 
legal, company secretarial, compliance 
and insurance functions. He is a Fellow of 
Chartered Secretaries Australia and also a 
member of Chartered Secretaries Australia’s 
National Legislation Review Committee.

NON-AUDIT SERVICES
The Company’s Relationship with External 
Auditor Policy (which incorporates 
requirements of the Corporations Act 2001) 
states that the external auditor may not 
provide services that are perceived to be 
in confl ict with the role of the auditor. 
These include consulting advice and 
sub-contracting of operational activities 
normally undertaken by management, 
and engagements where the auditor may 
ultimately be required to express an opinion 
on its own work.

Specifi cally the policy:
  limits the non-audit services that may 
be provided
  requires that audit and permitted 
non-audit services must be pre-approved 
by the Audit Committee, or pre-approved by 
the Chairman of the Audit Committee and 
notifi ed to the Audit Committee 
  requires the external auditor to not 
commence an audit engagement (or 
permitted non-audit service) for the Group, 
until the Group has confi rmed that the 
engagement has been pre-approved. 

The Audit Committee has reviewed a 
summary of non-audit services provided 
by the external auditor for 2007, and has 
confi rmed that the provision of non-audit 
services for 2007 is consistent with the 
Company’s Relationship with External 
Auditor Policy and compatible with the 
general standard of independence for 
auditors imposed by the Corporations Act 
2001. This has been formally advised to 
the Board of Directors.

The external auditor has confi rmed to the 
Audit Committee that they have complied 
with the Company’s Relationship with 
External Auditor Policy on the provision of 
non-audit services by the external auditor 
for 2007.

The non-audit services supplied to the Group 
by the Group’s external auditor, KPMG, and 
the amount paid or payable by the Group 
by type of non-audit service during the year 
ended 30 September 2007 are as follows:

Non-audit service

Sustainability review
Compliance testing for
securitisation transaction
Training courses

Total

Amount paid/
payable $’000s

2007

–

 66
44

2006

203

—
44

 110

247

Directors’ Report  11

DIRECTORS’ REPORT CONTINUED

For the reasons set out above, the directors 
are satisfied that the provision of non-audit 
services by the external auditor during 
the year ended 30 September 2007 is 
compatible with the general standard of 
independence for auditors imposed by 
the Corporations Act 2001.

LEAD AUDITOR’S INDEPENDENCE 
DECLARATION
The lead auditor’s independence declaration 
given under section 307C of the 
Corporations Act 2001 is set out on page 35 
and forms part of this Directors’ Report for 
the year ended 30 September 2007.

DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS WHO 
WERE PREVIOUSLY PARTNERS OF 
THE AUDITOR
The following persons were during the 
fi nancial year and are currently directors 
or offi cers of the Group and were partners 
of KPMG at a time when KPMG was the 
auditor of Australia and New Zealand 
Banking Group Limited:
  Ms Margaret Jackson, Non-executive 
director (left KPMG in June 1992)
  Mr Peter Marriott, Chief Financial Offi cer 
(left KPMG in January 1993).

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER/CHIEF 
FINANCIAL OFFICER DECLARATION
The Chief Executive Offi cer and the Chief 
Financial Offi cer have given the declarations 
to the Board concerning the Group’s 
fi nancial statements required under section 
295A(2) of the Corporations Act 2001 and 
recommendations 4.1 and 7.2 of the ASX 
Corporate Governance Council’s Principles 
of Good Corporate Governance and Best 
Practice Recommendations.

DIRECTORS’ AND OFFICERS’ 
INDEMNITY
The Company’s Constitution (Rule 11.1) 
permits the Company to indemnify each 
offi cer or employee of the Company against 
liabilities (so far as may be permitted under 
applicable law) incurred in the execution 
and discharge of the offi cer’s or employee’s 
duties. It is the Company’s policy that its 
employees should not incur any liability for 
acting in the course of their employment 
legally, within the policies of the Company 
and provided they act in good faith.
Under the policy, the Company will indemnify 
employees against any liability they incur 

12  ANZ Annual Report 2007

in carrying out their role. The indemnity 
protects employees and former employees 
who incur a liability when acting as an 
employee, trustee or offi cer of the Company, 
or a subsidiary of the Company at the 
request of the Company.

The indemnity is subject to applicable law 
and will not apply in respect of any liability 
arising from:
  a claim by the Company;
  a claim by a related body corporate;
  a lack of good faith;
  illegal or dishonest conduct; or
  non-compliance with the Company’s 
policies or discretions.

The Company has entered into Indemnity 
Deeds with each of its directors, with certain 
secretaries of the Company, and with 
certain employees and other individuals 
who act as directors or offi cers of related 
body corporates or of another company. 
To the extent permitted by law, the 
Company indemnifi es the individual for 
all liabilities, including costs, damages 
and expenses incurred in their capacity 
as an offi cer of the company to which they 
have been appointed.

The Company has indemnifi ed the 
trustees and former trustees of certain 
of the Company’s superannuation funds 
and directors, former directors, offi cers 
and former offi cers of trustees of various 
Company sponsored superannuation 
schemes in Australia. Under the relevant 
Deeds of Indemnity, the Company must 
indemnify each indemnifi ed person if the 
assets of the relevant fund are insuffi cient 
to cover any loss, damage, liability or 
cost incurred by the indemnifi ed person 
in connection with the fund, being loss, 
damage, liability or costs for which the 
indemnifi ed person would have been 
entitled to be indemnifi ed out of the assets 
of the fund in accordance with the trust 
deed and the Superannuation Industry 
(Supervision) Act 1993. This indemnity 
survives the termination of the fund. 
Some of the indemnifi ed persons are 
or were directors or executive offi cers 
of the Company.

The Company has also indemnifi ed certain 
employees of the Company, being trustees 
and administrators of a trust, from and 
against any loss, damage, liability, tax, 
penalty, expense or claim of any kind or 
nature arising out of or in connection with 
the creation, operation or dissolution of 

the trust or any act or omission performed 
or omitted by them in good faith and in a 
manner that they reasonably believed to be 
within the scope of the authority conferred 
by the trust.

Except for the above, neither the Company 
nor any related body corporate of the 
Company has indemnifi ed or made an 
agreement to indemnify any person who 
is or has been an offi cer or auditor of the 
Company or of a related body corporate.

During the fi nancial year, and again since 
the end of the fi nancial year, the Company 
has paid a premium for an insurance policy 
for the benefi t of the directors, secretaries, 
and senior managers of the Company, 
and directors, secretaries and senior 
managers of related bodies corporate of 
the Company. In accordance with common 
commercial practice, the insurance policy 
prohibits disclosure of the nature of the 
liability insured against and the amount 
of the premium.

ROUNDING OF AMOUNTS
The Company is a company of the kind 
referred to in Australian Securities and 
Investments Commission class order 98/100 
(as amended) pursuant to section 341(1) 
of the Corporations Act 2001.

As a result, amounts in this Directors’ Report 
and the accompanying fi nancial statements 
have been rounded to the nearest million 
dollars except where otherwise indicated.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS’ AND 
EMPLOYEE SHARE OPTIONS
Details of share options issued over shares 
granted to the Chief Executive Offi cer and 
disclosed executives, and on issue as at 
the date of this report are detailed in the 
Remuneration Report.

Details of share options issued over shares 
granted to employees and on issue as at the 
date of this report are detailed in note 47 of 
the 2007 Financial Report.

No person entitled to exercise any option 
has or had, by virtue of an option, a right to 
participate in any share issue of any other 
body corporate. The names of all persons 
who currently hold options are entered in 
the register kept by the Company pursuant 
to section 170 of the Corporations Act 2001. 
This register may be inspected free of charge.

 
This page has been left blank intentionally.

Directors’ Report  13

REMUNERATION REPORT

Introduction
This Remuneration Report details ANZ’s remuneration policies which 
apply to key management personnel (KMP) and ANZ executives 
classifi ed as “secretaries or senior managers” as defi ned in the 
Corporations Act. The report identifi es the link between remuneration 
and ANZ’s performance, and individual outcomes relating to 
remuneration and equity for ANZ’s directors and executives (as 
required by AASB 124 and the Corporations Act).

This report covers the KMP of the Company and the Group (which 
includes the directors of the parent) and the fi ve highest paid 
executives in the Company and the Group. KMP were selected 
according to the following criteria:
  All directors of the ANZ Board: Based on responsibility for 
providing direction in relation to the management of ANZ. The Board 
Charter clearly sets out the Board’s purpose, powers, and specifi c 
responsibilities.

Section A: Remuneration Tables

TABLE 1: DIRECTOR REMUNERATION
For the year ended 30 September 2007, 
remuneration details of the KMP identifi ed 
as directors of the Company, are set out below: 
Current Non-Executive Directors
C Goode (Appointed director July 1991; appointed 
Chairman August 1995)
Independent Non Executive Director, Chairman
G Clark (Appointed February 2004)
Independent Non Executive Director

J Ellis (Appointed October 1995)
Independent Non Executive Director

M Jackson (Appointed March 1994)
Independent Non Executive Director
I Macfarlane (Appointed February 2007)
Independent Non Executive Director
D Meiklejohn (Appointed October 2004)
Independent Non Executive Director
J Morschel (Appointed October 2004)
Independent Non Executive Director
Former Non-Executive Directors
D Gonski (Appointed February 2002; retired 30 June 2007)7
Independent Non Executive Director
R Deane (Appointed September 1994; retired 30 June 2006)7
Independent Non Executive Director
Total of all Non-Executive Directors

Executive Director
J McFarlane (Appointed October 1997; 
retired 30 September 2007)8,9
Chief Executive Offi cer
Total of all Directors

Financial
Year

Cash
salary/fees
$

Value of shares
acquired in
lieu of cash
salary/fees1
$

Associated
entity Board
fees (cash)
$

2007
2006
2007
2006

2007
2006

2007
2006
2007

2007
2006
2007
2006

2007
2006

2006

2007
2006

2007
2006

2007
2006

 93,314 
 78,724 
 144,000 
 137,250 

 157,368 
 144,426 
 192,000 
 183,000 
 89,556 

 192,000 
 183,000 
 156,797 
 149,526 

 135,581 
 122,521 

 137,250 

1,160,616 
 1,135,697

 689,566 
 621,118 
 47,962 
 45,738 

 34,624 
 38,551 
–
–
 29,852 

–
–
47,962 
 45,738

 8,399 
 60,446 

–

 858,365 
 811,591 

528,587
50

1,689,203
1,135,747

1,553,377
2,071,192

2,411,742
2,882,783

–
–

–

–

–
–

–
–

–

–
–

122,14110

–
122,141

–
–

–
122,141

SHORT-TERM 
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Committee
fees (cash)
$

–
–
 36,400 
 34,808 

 42,000 
 65,500 
 69,000 
 65,500 
27,062 

 77,400 
 66,866 
 69,000 
 40,000 

 36,750 
 46,775 

21,025

 357,612 
 340,474 

–
–

357,612
340,474

COMMENTARY ON CHANGES BETWEEN 2006 & 2007

Non-Executive Directors
There is a slight decrease in 2007 Total Remuneration for Non-
Executive Directors (NEDs) compared with 2006. This can be primarily 
attributed to the retirement of R Deane in June 2006, whose Total 
Remuneration was greater than the typical NED due to the associated 
entity Board Fees. Director fees were increased (effective 1 October 
2006) by 5% and the Chairman’s fee by 12%. Refer to section B1 for 
more details.

Executive Director (Chief Executive Offi cer)
The variation in the CEO’s remuneration between 2006 and 2007 
is primarily attributed to his contractual and statutory payments 
(relating to his benefi ts on retirement), and the payment for the 
relinquishment of his performance shares. Further details can be 
found in section D1.

14  ANZ Annual Report 2007

  Executives: Based on direct reports of the CEO with key responsibility 
for the strategic direction and management of a major revenue-
generating division or who control material revenue and expenses.

The Board People Committee has responsibility for director and 
executive remuneration and executive succession, and for making 
recommendations to the Board on remuneration and succession 
matters related to the CEO (refer to page 44 of the Corporate 
Governance Report for more details about the Committee’s role, 

and anz.com > about ANZ > Corporate Governance > ANZ People 
Committee Charter, which details the terms of reference under which 
the Committee operates). On a number of occasions throughout the 
year, both the Board People Committee and management received 
external advice on matters relating to remuneration. The following 
advisors were used: Blake Dawson Waldron, Ernst & Young, Hay 
Group, Greenwoods & Freehills, and PricewaterhouseCoopers.

POST- 
EMPLOYMENT 

Short term

incentive1,2

$

Other
$

Total
$

Super
contributions3
$

LONG TERM
EMPLOYEE 
BENEFITS

Long service
leave accrued
during the year
$

TERMINATION
BENEFITS4

SHARE-BASED
 PAYMENTS5

Total
amortisation
value of
LTI options
$

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a 

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

n/a 
n/a

n/a

n/a
n/a

–
–

–

–

–
–

–
–

–

1,14011
–

1,60011

1,140
1,600

 782,880 
 699,842 
 228,362 
 217,796 

 233,992 
 248,477 
 261,000 
 248,500 
 146,470

 269,400 
 249,866 
 273,759 
 235,264 

 181,870 
 229,742 

282,016

 2,377,733 
 2,411,503 

2,090,000
2,420,005

2,090,000
2,420,005

1,124,50711,12,13,14

219,37012,13

1,125,647
220,970

5,296,471
4,710,617

7,674,204
7,122,120

12,797
12,276
12,797
12,276

12,797
12,276
12,797
12,276
8,854

 12,797 
 12,276 
–
–

 9,515 
 12,276 

9,104

 82,354 
82,760

417,975
428,700

500,329
511,460

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

n/a 
n/a
n/a
n/a

n/a 
n/a

n/a

n/a
n/a

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

n/a
n/a

n/a

n/a
n/a

Total

Remuneration6

$

 795,677 
 712,118 
 241,159 
 230,072 

 246,789 
 260,753 
 273,797 
 260,776 
155,324

 282,197 
 262,142 
273,759 
 235,264

 191,385 
 242,018 

291,120

2,460,087
2,494,263

–
59,376

–
59,376

915,261
–

915,261
–

123,411
756,311

123,411
756,311

6,753,118
5,955,00415

9,213,205
8,449,267

1  Shares acquired through participation in Directors’ Share Plan. Value reflects the price at 

which the shares were purchased on-market (amortisation not applicable). For the CEO, this 
also included his 2006 cash incentive which he elected to receive 100% as restricted shares. 
Share purchases for NEDs were made on 30 October 2006, 7 May 2007 and 31 August 2007 
for the 2007 year and on 31 October 2005 and 1 May 2006 for the 2006 year.

2  100% of the CEO’s cash incentive vested during the financial year that performance relates to. 
The possible range of short-term incentive (STI) payments is between 0% and 150% of Fixed 
Remuneration. The 2007 STI awarded as a percentage of Fixed Remuneration was 95%.
Includes $300,000 additional employer contribution, agreed as part of the CEO’s contract 
extension announced 26 October 2004 (refer to section D2). For J Morschel, superannuation 
guarantee contributions paid in respect of each other NED, are paid to him as cash in lieu.
4  Comprises $550,000 for the 3 month unexpired portion of his employment contract and a 

3 

5 

$365,261 pro-rata long service leave entitlement.
In accordance with the requirements of AASB 2 Share-based Payment, the amortisation value 
includes a proportion of the fair value (taking into account market-related vesting conditions) 
of all equity that had not yet fully vested as at the commencement of the financial year. It is 
assumed that the options will vest at the commencement of their exercise period (i.e. the 
shortest possible vesting period is assumed). The fair value is determined at grant date and 
is allocated on a straight-line basis over the expected vesting period. The amount included as 
remuneration is not related to nor indicative of the benefit (if any) that may ultimately be realised 
should the options become exercisable.

covered by the insurance policy as, based on all available information, the directors believe that 
no reasonable basis for such allocation exists.

7  The following benefits were paid under the ANZ Directors’ Retirement Scheme to the following 
former directors: R Deane (retired 30 June 2006) – $723,107; D Gonski (retired 30 June 2007) 
– $340,676 based on sale of shares relating to Retirement Scheme. 

8  Amortisation value of options as a percentage of total remuneration (as shown in the Total 

column above) was 2% in 2007 (13% in 2006).

9  J McFarlane, ANZ’s only executive director, elected to use almost all of his cash salary and 100% 
of his 2006 incentive to purchase on market restricted shares under the Directors’ Share Plan. 
The purchase dates were 30 October 2006, 29 January 2007 and 7 May 2007 for the 2007 year 
and 31 October 2005, 30 January 2006, 1 May 2006 and 7 August 2006 for the 2006 year. 
10 Amounts paid in NZD are converted to AUD at an average rate for the 2006 year of 1.1433.
11 Other for R Deane and D Gonski relates to a non-monetary benefit received on retirement as a gift 

from the Board. The gift for J McFarlane was $7,000.

12 Includes reimbursement to J McFarlane of $93,461 in 2007 (2006: $202,837) for the additional 
tax liability on his UK Pension Plan holdings, arising as a result of Australian Foreign Investment 
Fund rules, and J McFarlane’s continuing Australian residency (in accordance with the contractual 
arrangements detailed in section D1.1).

13 Includes $24,046 professional services rendered in respect of taxation matters in 2007 ($16,533 

in 2006).

14 Includes a $1million payment for the relinquishment of the CEO’s Performance Shares. Refer to 

6  Amounts disclosed for remuneration of directors exclude insurance premiums paid by the 

section D.1.3 for further details.

consolidated entity in respect of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance contracts which cover 
current and former directors and officers, including senior managers of the entity and directors, 
senior managers and secretaries of the controlled entities. The total premium, which cannot be 
disclosed because of confidentiality requirements, has not been allocated to the individuals 

15 Due to ANZ acquiring the CEO’s Performance Shares, the CEO’s 2006 Total Remuneration is 

$1,310,649 (i.e. amortised amount) less than what was disclosed in 2006. Refer to section D1.3 
for further details.

Remuneration Report  15

 
Section A: Remuneration Tables (continued)

TABLE 2: EXECUTIVE KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL 
REMUNERATION AND TOP 5 REMUNERATED
For the year ended 30 September 2007, remuneration 
details of the KMP identifi ed as executives of the 
Group, (as required under AASB 124), and the fi ve 
most highly remunerated executives in the Company 
and the Group (as required under the Corporations 
Act), other than the Chief Executive Offi cer, are set 
out below:

Current Executives
R Edgar
Senior Managing Director

B Hartzer
Group Managing Director, Personal

G Hodges9
Chief Executive, ANZ National Bank
Limited (New Zealand)
P Hodgson10
Group Managing Director, Institutional

P Marriott
Chief Financial Offi cer

A Thursby11
Group Managing Director, Asia Pacifi c

Former Key Management Personnel
S Targett12
Former Group Managing 
Director, Institutional

E Funke Kupper 
(resigned effective 1 February 2006)13
Group Managing Director, Asia Pacifi c
Total of all Executive KMPs

Total of all Disclosed Executives

SHORT-TERM 
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

POST-
EMPLOYMENT

Total cash
incentive2,3

$

Total

$

Super
contributions
$

Financial 
Year

2007
2006

2007
2006

2007
2006

2007
2006

2007
2006

2007

Cash
salary/fees
$

795,275
787,068

931,232
883,626

900,000
841,866

808,456
701,393

889,425
842,618

70,000

Non
monetary
benefi ts1
$

9,620
14,788

61,963
59,640

56,600
71,920

9,620
6,313

9,620
6,313

770

1,060,000
850,000

1,315,000
1,300,000

900,000
895,000

850,000
825,000

1,090,000
1,080,000

–

1,864,895
1,651,856

2,308,195
2,243,266

1,856,600
1,808,786

1,668,076
1,532,706

1,989,045
1,928,931

70,770

2007
2006

983,675
936,600

–
6,313

550,000
1,000,000

1,533,675
1,942,913

2006

2007
2006

2007
2006

234,483

5,378,063
4,526,261

5,378,063
5,227,654

2,110

148,193
161,084

148,193
167,397

–

236,593

5,765,000
5,125,000

5,765,000
5,950,000

11,291,256
9,812,345

11,291,256
11,345,051

49,725
49,725

61,425
58,500

– 
7,459

50,544
43,875

55,575
52,650

–

61,425
58,500

14,663

278,694
241,497

278,694
285,372

COMMENTARY ON CHANGES BETWEEN 2006 & 2007
Consistent with previous years, a market review of 2006/2007 
remuneration was undertaken. Overall, it was found that reward 
levels were generally market competitive and therefore only Fixed 
Remuneration was adjusted in line with market movements. From 
an individual perspective, the 14% increase in Peter Hodgson’s Total 
Remuneration refl ects the increased responsibilities associated with 
the change in his role from Chief Risk Offi cer to Group Managing 
Director Institutional.

Other year-on-year variations include:

i) E Funke Kupper only disclosed in 2006 based on the four month 
period he was classifi ed as a KMP; not included in 2007 totals.

ii) Inclusion of A Thursby in 2007 totals for the 1 month period he 
was a KMP (i.e. commenced 3 September 2007).

16  ANZ Annual Report 2007

LONG-TERM
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

SHARE-BASED 
PAYMENTS5

Retirement
benefi t accrued

during year4 

$

Long service
leave accrued
during the year
$

Total 
amortisation value
of STI shares 
$

Total 
amortisation value
of LTI shares 
$

Total
amortisation value 
of LTI options
$

Total
amortisation value 
of performance
rights
$

Total amortisation
of other
equity allocations6
$

Total

Remuneration7,8

$

3,297
–

–
–

610
–

–
–

–
–

–

–
–

–

3,907
–

3,907
–

13,278
37,607

21,938
40,575

29,940
48,447

52,121
11,716

25,533
34,830

–

18,283
20,020

–

161,093
181,479

161,093
193,195

31,928
108,692

30,613
94,597

23,569
82,179

38,553
130,541

39,638
127,015

–

–
–

273,389
503,179

93,063
175,183

79,066
150,066

100,838
113,241

97,621
206,816

–

79,418
181,819

91,008
174,542

77,386
149,602

17,809
30,377

95,807
206,831

–

419,586
202,340

513,944
216,792

466,213
202,340

386,289
173,434

474,537
209,566

–
–

–
–

–
–

–
–

–
–

–

24,763

2,735,516
2,735,218

3,120,186
3,003,455

2,533,384
2,448,879

2,314,230
2,035,890

2,777,756
2,766,639

95,533

44,857
44,857

43,215
43,215

482,864
216,795

1,003,152
1,166,859

3,187,471
3,493,159

104,930

164,301
517,413

164,301
647,954

146,895

688,834
1,226,996

688,834
1,340,237

147,119

404,643
903,128

404,643
933,505

152,622

2,743,433
1,200,455

2,743,433
1,373,889

–

802,822

1,027,915
1,166,859

1,027,915
1,166,859

16,764,076
15,250,172

16,764,076
17,286,062

1  Non-monetary benefits consist of salary packaged items such as car parking, novated 

lease motor vehicles and G Hodges’ non-monetary benefits include housing and airfares.

2  Total cash incentive relates to the full incentive amount for the financial year that the 

performance relates to. 100% of the cash incentive awarded in both 2006 and 2007 vested 
to the person in the applicable financial year.

3  The possible range of short-term incentive (STI) payments is between 0% and 150% of 

Fixed Remuneration. The actual incentive received is dependant on ANZ Group, division and 
individual performance (refer to C4.1 for more details). The 2007 STI awarded as a percentage 
of Fixed Remuneration was: B Hartzer 125%; R Edgar 125%; G Hodges 100%; P Hodgson 
100%; P Marriott 115%; S Targett 76%. 

5 

4  Accrual relates to Retirement Allowance. As a result of being employed with ANZ prior to 
November 1992, R Edgar and G Hodges are eligible to receive a Retirement Allowance on 
retirement, retrenchment, death, or resignation for illness, incapacity or domestic reasons. The 
Retirement Allowance is calculated as follows: 3 months of notional salary (which is 65% of 
Fixed Remuneration) plus an additional 3% of notional salary for each year of full-time service 
above 10 years, less the total accrual value of long service leave (including taken and untaken).
In accordance with the requirements of AASB 2, the amortisation value includes a proportion 
of the fair value (taking into account market-related vesting conditions) of all equity that 
had not yet fully vested as at the commencement of the financial year. It is assumed that the 
options / performance rights will vest at the commencement of their exercise period (i.e. the 
shortest possible vesting period is assumed) and that deferred shares will vest after 3 years. 
The fair value is determined at grant date and is allocated on a straight-line basis over the 
3-year vesting period. The amount included as remuneration is not related to nor indicative 
of the benefit (if any) that may ultimately be realised should the options / performance rights 
become exercisable. For deferred shares, the fair value is the volume weighted average price 
of the Company’s shares traded on the ASX on the day the shares were granted.

6  Amortisation of other equity allocations for S Targett relates to the grant of deferred shares 
beginning on 11 May 2004 (four tranches to the value of $700,000 each issued at 6 month 
intervals in May and November in 2004 and 2005) and hurdled A options (refer to section 
F10.1 for performance hurdle details) to compensate S Targett for the loss of access to equity 
as a result of his resignation from his previous employer.

  Amortisation of other equity allocations for A Thursby relates to the allocation of $1m of 3 year 

deferred shares to compensate for equity foregone from his previous employer.

7  Remuneration amounts disclosed exclude insurance premiums paid by the consolidated entity 
in respect of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance contracts which cover current and former 
directors and officers, including senior managers of the entity and directors, senior managers 
and secretaries of the controlled entities. The total premium, which cannot be disclosed 
because of confidentiality requirements, has not been allocated to the individuals covered 
by the insurance policy as, based on all available information, the directors believe that no 
reasonable basis for such allocation exists.

8  Amortisation value of options and rights as a percentage of total remuneration was: B Hartzer 
19% (2006: 13%); R Edgar 18% (2006: 14%); G Hodges 21% (2006: 14%); P Hodgson 17% 
(2006: 10%); P Marriott 21% (2006: 15%); S Targett 21% (2006: 15%). 

9  Prior to November 2005, G Hodges was the Group Managing Director, Corporate. Between 

1 November 2005 and 31 December 2005, he was the Chief Executive Designate 
(New Zealand), with his position changing to Chief Executive, ANZ National Bank Limited, 
New Zealand effective 1 January 2006.

10 P Hodgson commenced in the position of Group Managing Director, Institutional on 8 June 
2007. Prior to this, P Hodgson was the Chief Risk Officer for the period 1 December 2004 to 
7 June 2007.

11 A Thursby commenced employment with ANZ in the position of Group Managing Director, 
Asia Pacific on 3 September 2007. As A Thursby is a holder of a long stay visa, his Fixed 
Remuneration does not include the 9% Superannuation Guarantee contribution, however 
he is able to elect voluntary superannuation contributions.

12 S Targett ceased as the Group Managing Director, Institutional 7 June 2007, and his 

employment with ANZ will terminate on 7 June 2008. 

13 E Funke Kupper received a final payment on resignation of $165,554 relating to his accrued 

annual leave and long service leave. With the inclusion of the final payment his total 
remuneration for 2006 would be $968,376.

Remuneration Report  17

Section B. Non-executive Directors’ Remuneration

B1. NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION POLICY
Non-executive Directors’ (NEDs) fees are reviewed annually by the Board People Committee and are determined by the Board of Directors based 
on advice from external advisors and with reference to fees paid to other NEDs of comparable companies. The total of NEDs’ fees (including 
superannuation contributions) are within the maximum annual aggregate limit agreed to by shareholders at the Annual General Meeting held on 
16 December 2005 ($3 million, excluding superannuation benefi t payouts and retirement benefi ts), and are set at levels that fairly represent the 
responsibilities of, and the time spent by the NEDs on Group matters. 

NEDs receive a fee for being a director of the Board, and additional fees for either chairing or being a member of a committee. Work on special 
committees may attract additional fees of an amount considered appropriate in the circumstances. An additional fee is also paid if a NED serves 
as a director on a subsidiary board. NEDs do not receive any performance / incentive payments and are not eligible to participate in any of the 
Group’s incentive arrangements. 

Effective 1 October 2006, NED fees and Committee membership fees were increased by 5% and the Chairman’s fee by 12%. These fee increases 
were based on an independent assessment of the competitiveness of ANZ’s NED remuneration in comparison to other major companies and 
consideration of the relativity between the NED and Chairman fees. The NED fees are also refl ective of their increased accountability and time 
commitment, largely driven by the increased corporate governance, regulatory requirements and complexities of operating a global business.

The fee structure is disclosed in Table 3 below:

TABLE 3

Role

Chairman 
Non-Executive Director
Committee Chair (Risk, Audit & People)
Committee Chair (Governance, Technology)
Committee Member (Risk, Audit & People)
Committee Member (Governance, Technology)

2006/07 Fees
$

2005/06 Fees
$

783,000
192,000
48,000
28,000
21,000
8,400

700,000
183,000
45,500
26,775
20,000
8,033

For details of remuneration paid to directors for the year ended 30 September 2007, refer to Table 1 in section A of this Remuneration Report. 

NED SHAREHOLDING GUIDELINES
NEDs have agreed to accumulate ANZ shares, over a fi ve-year period, to the value of 100% (200% for Chairman) of the base annual NED Fee 
(i.e. $192,000 for 2006/2007) and to maintain this shareholding while a director of ANZ. NEDs have agreed to apply up to 25% of their base 
fee annually through the Directors’ Share Plan or other means, towards the purchase of ANZ shares in order to achieve / maintain the desired 
holding level. This guideline was approved by the Board in September 2005.

B2. NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ RETIREMENT POLICY
The NED retirement scheme was closed effective 30 September 2005. Accrued entitlements relating to the ANZ Directors’ Retirement Scheme 
were fi xed at 30 September 2005 and NEDs had the option to convert these entitlements into ANZ shares. Such entitlements, either in ANZ 
shares or cash, will be carried forward and transferred to the NED when they retire (including interest accrued at the 30 day bank bill rate for 
cash entitlements). 

The accrued entitlements fi xed under the ANZ Directors’ Retirement Scheme as at 30 September 2005 are as follows: C Goode – $1,312,539; 
G Clark – $83,197; J Ellis – $523,039; M Jackson – $487,022; D Meiklejohn – $64,781; J Morschel – $60,459.

B3. DIRECTORS’ SHARE PLAN
The Directors’ Share Plan (the plan) is available to both non-executive and executive directors. Directors may elect to forego remuneration 
to which they may have otherwise become entitled and receive shares to the value of the remuneration foregone, and therefore the shares 
acquired are not subject to performance conditions. Participation in the plan is voluntary. Shares acquired under the plan are purchased 
on market and are subject to a minimum 1 year restriction, during which the shares cannot be traded. In the event of serious misconduct, 
all shares held in trust will be forfeited. All costs associated with the plan are met by the Company.

18  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Section C. Executive 
Remuneration Structure 

C1. REMUNERATION GUIDING PRINCIPLES
ANZ’s reward policy, approved by the Board, 
shapes the Group’s remuneration strategies 
and initiatives.

The following principles underpin ANZ’s 
reward policy:

1. Focus on creating and enhancing value for 
all ANZ stakeholders; 

2. Differentiation of individual rewards 
commensurate with contribution to 
overall results and according to individual 
accountability, performance and potential; 

3. Signifi cant emphasis on “at risk” 
components of total rewards; and 

4. The provision of a competitive reward 
proposition to successfully attract, motivate 
and retain the highest quality individuals 
required to deliver ANZ’s business and 
growth strategies.

SHAREHOLDING GUIDELINES

Direct reports to the CEO are expected 
to accumulate ANZ shares over a fi ve 
year period, to the value of 200% of their 
Fixed Remuneration and to maintain this 
shareholding while an executive of ANZ. The 
next most senior executives are expected to 
accumulate ANZ shares to the value of 100% 
of their Fixed Remuneration and to maintain 
this shareholding while an executive of ANZ. 
This guideline was introduced in June 2005. 
New executives are expected to accumulate 
the required holdings within fi ve years of 
commencement.

C2. REMUNERATION STRUCTURE 
OVERVIEW
The executive remuneration program and 
structure detailed in Section C refl ects 
the remuneration of senior managers and 
the company secretary (as defi ned in the 
Corporations Act) and KMP (excluding the 
CEO and NEDs) as defi ned by AASB 124. The 
program aims to differentiate remuneration 
on the basis of achievement against group, 
business unit and individual performance 
targets which are aligned to sustained 
growth in shareholder value using a 
balanced scorecard approach. The executive 
remuneration program also complies with 
the existing and revised ASX Corporate 

C4. VARIABLE REMUNERATION
Variable remuneration forms a signifi cant 
part of executives’ potential remuneration, 
providing an at-risk component that is 
designed to drive performance in both the 
short-term (annually) and in the medium and 
long-term (3 years plus). The opportunities 
available to executives under ANZ’s variable 
remuneration programs are designed to 
reinforce the achievement of short and 
long term performance targets and to 
ensure remuneration competitiveness in 
the relevant markets in which they operate. 
Executives participate in the STI plan 
detailed in section C4.1 and the LTI plan 
detailed in section C4.2. As specifi ed in 
the ANZ Securities Trading Policy, equity 
allocated under ANZ incentive schemes 
must remain at risk until fully vested (in the 
case of Deferred Shares) or exercisable (in 
the case of Options or Performance Rights). 
As such, it is a condition of grant that no 
schemes are entered into that specifi cally 
protect the unvested value of Shares, 
Options and Performance Rights allocated. 
Doing so would constitute a breach of the 
grant conditions and would result in the 
forfeiture of the relevant Shares or Options. 
To monitor adherence to this policy, ANZ’s 
senior executives are required to sign an 
annual declaration stating that they have not 
entered into (and are not currently involved 
in) any schemes to protect the value of their 
interests in any unvested ANZ securities. 
Based on the 2007 declarations, we can 
advise that all senior executives are fully 
compliant with this policy.

Governance Principles. The program 
comprises the following components which 
are benchmarked against the fi nance market 
median: 
  Fixed Remuneration component: salary, 
non-monetary benefi ts and superannuation 
contributions (Refer to C3).
  Variable or “at risk” component (Refer to C4):

  – Short-Term Incentive (STI); and

  – Long-Term Incentive (LTI). 

Depending on the competitive market, 
the proportion of remuneration “at risk” 
generally increases for the most senior or 
complex roles, or for those roles where there 
is strong market pressure to provide greater 
levels of remuneration. Figure 1 below 
shows the relative mix of Fixed, STI and LTI 
at target payment levels. The plan design 
allows for the opportunity to earn upper 
quartile total remuneration for signifi cant 
out performance, and signifi cantly reduced 
payment for underperformance. In this 
way the remuneration structure is heavily 
weighted towards “reward for performance”.

C3. FIXED REMUNERATION
Fixed Remuneration comprises cash salary, 
a superannuation contribution, and the 
remainder as nominated benefi ts. The 
types of benefi ts that can be packaged 
include novated car leases, additional 
superannuation contributions, car parking, 
child care, laptops and contributions towards 
the Employee Share Save Scheme. Fixed 
Remuneration is reviewed annually based on 
individual performance and market data. 

Fixed Remuneration at ANZ operates with 
a midpoint targeted to the local market 
median being paid in the fi nance industry 
in the relevant global markets in which ANZ 
operates, and a range around this midpoint.

Figure 1: Target reward mix

36%

36%

Disclosed Executives1

Large Senior Executive Roles2

41%

27%

1  2007 reward mix for disclosed executives (current KMP only) pertains to R Edgar, 

26%

61%

28%

32%

13%

B Hartzer, G Hodges, P Hodgson, P Marriott and A Thursby.

2  Large senior executive roles are those we classify as being most reflective of “the 

company secretary and senior managers” (excluding disclosed executives) as defined 
in the Corporations Act.

Fixed Remuneration % 

STI %

LTI %

Remuneration Report  19

C4.1 Short-Term Incentives 
ANZ’s Short-term incentive (STI) approach 
supports our strategic objectives by 
providing rewards that are signifi cantly 
differentiated on the basis of achievement 
against performance targets. All STI plans are 
reviewed and approved by the Board People 
Committee.

Determination of STI Levels 
The size of the overall pool available is 
based on performance against a cash 
earnings per share (EPS) growth target and 
a profi t before provisions (PBP) growth 
target. This pool is then spread between 
the Divisions based on their performance 
against a balanced scorecard of fi nancial and 
qualitative measures, and then distributed to 
individuals based on relative performance. 
The Board People Committee is required 
to approve the STI Group and Division 
outcomes and the distribution of the STI pool 
amongst the Divisions. Each executive has 
a target STI which is determined according 
to job size and market relativities. The size 
of the actual STI payment made at the end 
of each fi nancial year to individuals may be 
at, above or below the target and this will be 
determined according to ANZ Group, Division 
and Individual Performance aligned with 
ANZ’s overall balanced scorecard.

Performance objectives under ANZ’s 
balanced scorecard include a number of 
qualitative and quantitative measures which 
include, but are not limited to:
   Financial Measures including: Economic 
Value Added (EVATM); Revenue, EPS and Net 
Profi t After Tax 
   Customer Measures including: Customer 
Satisfaction and Market Share
   Employee Engagement, Risk Management 
and Compliance Measures
   Environment, Health & Safety and 
Community Measures.

The performance of relevant executives 
against these objectives is assessed at 
the end of the year by the Board People 
Committee. The STI is payable 100% in 
cash (except where specifi c business plans 
require otherwise). Executives are able to 
elect to sacrifi ce part or all of their incentive 
towards the purchase of ANZ shares which are 
restricted from sale for 12 months, or towards 
additional superannuation contributions. 

As the incentive amount has already been 
earned, there are no performance measures 
attached to the shares. The target STI award 

20  ANZ Annual Report 2007

level for disclosed executives is 100% of 
Fixed Remuneration in 2007 with a maximum 
STI award of 150% of Fixed Remuneration. 
For large senior executive roles in the ANZ 
STI plan, the target STI is 67% of Fixed 
Remuneration, with a maximum of 100% of 
Fixed Remuneration. Note, the target and 
maximum STI amounts for executive roles may 
vary for customised incentive schemes.

C4.2 Long-Term Incentives
The long-term incentives (LTIs) are designed 
to link a signifi cant portion of executives’ 
remuneration to the attainment of sustained 
growth in shareholder value. LTI is delivered 
as 100% Performance Rights, with a single 
long-term performance measure (refer 
to section F10 for details of legacy LTI 
programs). A Performance Right is a right 
to acquire a share at nil cost, subject to 
meeting time and performance hurdles. 
Performance Rights are designed to reward 
executives for share price growth dependent 
upon the Company’s Total Shareholder 
Return (TSR) outperforming peers. TSR 
represents the change in the value of a share 
plus the value of reinvested dividends paid. 
TSR was chosen as the most appropriate 
comparative measure as it focuses on 
the delivery of shareholder value and is a 
well understood and tested mechanism to 
measure performance. The conditions under 
which Performance Rights are granted are 
approved by the Board in accordance with 
the rules of the ANZ Share Option Plan. 
In the event of a takeover or a scheme of 
arrangement, the ANZ Share Option Plan 
specifi es that the Board has absolute 
discretion to permit the exercise of options 
or rights. If a company obtains control of ANZ 
and both the acquiring company and ANZ 
agree, ANZ may on the exercise of options, 
provide shares of the acquiring company 
(or its parent) to the same value as the ANZ 
shares that would have been issued.

Each Performance Right has the following 
features:
   Performance Rights held by eligible 
executives will be tested once only 
against the performance hurdle at the end 
of three years;
   Subject to the performance hurdle being 
met, the executive has a two-year exercise 
period that commences three years after 
the grant date;
   Upon exercise, each Performance Right 
entitles the executive to one ordinary 
share;

   In case of dismissal for serious misconduct, 
Performance Rights are forfeited;
   In case of resignation or termination on 
notice, unless the Board determines 
otherwise, only Performance Rights that 
become exercisable by the end of the 
notice period may be exercised; and
   In case of death or total & permanent 
disablement, the performance hurdle is 
waived and a grace period is provided in 
which to exercise all Performance Rights. 

The proportion of Performance Rights that 
become exercisable will depend upon a 
single point testing of the TSR achieved 
by ANZ relative to the companies in the 
comparator group (shown below) at the 
end of a three-year period. An averaging 
calculation will be used for TSR over a 90 day 
period for start and end values in order to 
reduce the impact of share price volatility.

TSR Vesting Scale

Relative TSR Performance

% Vesting

< 50th percentile
50th to 74th percentile
75th percentile or above

0%
50% – 98%
100%

Where median performance is achieved, 
executives’ total remuneration will 
typically be below market median for the 
fi nancial services industry. 75th percentile 
performance is required for full vesting which 
enables executives to receive the full value 
of their LTI. To ensure an independent TSR 
measurement, ANZ engages the services of 
an external organisation (Macquarie Financial 
Services) to calculate ANZ’s performance 
against the TSR hurdle.

Comparator Group
The peer group of companies against which 
ANZ’s TSR performance is measured, 
comprises the following companies: 

AMP Limited

AXA Asia Pacifi c Holdings Limited 

Commonwealth Bank of Australia 

Insurance Australia Group Limited

Macquarie Bank Limited 

National Australia Bank Limited

QBE Insurance Group Limited 

St George Bank Limited 

Suncorp-Metway Limited  

Westpac Banking Corporation  

The companies in this comparator group were 
chosen because they represent ANZ’s key 
competitors in the fi nancial services industry, 
are an appropriate reference group for 
investors and are of suffi cient size by market 
capitalisation and weight in ASX Top 50.

Size of LTI Grants
The size of individual LTI grants is determined 
by an individual’s level of responsibility, 
performance and the assessed potential of 
the executive. The target LTI for disclosed 
executives is around 28% of the individual’s 
target reward mix, and 32% for large senior 

executive roles. Executives are advised of 
their LTI dollar value, which is then converted 
into a number of Performance Rights based 
on a valuation. ANZ engages external experts 
(PricewaterhouseCoopers and Mercer Finance 
& Risk Consulting) to independently value the 
Performance Right, taking into account factors 
including the performance conditions, share 
price volatility, life of instrument, dividend 
yield and share price at grant date. The 
highest acceptable value is then approved by 
the Board People Committee as the allocation 
value. LTI allocations are made annually 

around the end of October. The following 
example uses the October 2006 allocation 
value.

Example 

  Executive granted LTI value of $200,000
  Approved Allocation Valuation 
is $13.08 per Performance Right
  $200,000 / $13.08 = 15,290 Performance 
Rights allocated to executive

C5. PERFORMANCE OF ANZ
Table 4 shows ANZ’s annual performance over the fi ve-year period spanning 1 October 2002 to 30 September 2007. The table illustrates the 
impact of ANZ’s performance on shareholder wealth, taking into account dividend payments, share price changes and other capital adjustments 
during the fi nancial year.

TABLE 4

Basic Earnings Per Share (EPS)
NPAT ($m)
Total Dividend (cps)
Share price at 30 September ($)
Total Shareholder Return (%)

*  Figures are based on AIFRS results

FY 2007*

FY 2006*

224.1
4,180
136
29.70
15.6

200.0
3,688
125
26.86
17.1

FY 2005

160.9
3,018
110
24.00
32.6

FY 2004

153.1
2,815
101
19.02
17.0

FY 2003

142.4
2,348
95
17.17
6.7

In Table 4, ANZ’s TSR (which includes share price growth, dividends and other capital adjustments) has been shown for each individual fi nancial 
year between 2003 and 2007. Figure 2 compares ANZ’s TSR performance against the median TSR of the LTI comparator group and the S&P/ASX 
200 Banks Accumulation Index over the 2003 to 2007 measurement period. 

Figure 2: ANZ 5-Year 
Cumulative Total 
Shareholder Return 
Performance

ANZ TSR
Median of Peer Group
Upper Quartile of Peer Group
S&P/ASX 200 Banks 
Accumulation Index

300

280

260

240

220

200

180

160

140

120

100

80

Total shareholder return %

2
0
t
c
O

3
0
r
p
A

3
0
t
c
O

4
0
r
p
A

4
0
t
c
O

5
0
r
p
A

5
0
t
c
O

6
0
r
p
A

6
0
t
c
O

7
0
r
p
A

7
0
t
c
O

Performance period end date

Remuneration Report  21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3
,
8
8
X
7
,
X
X
X

3
,
5
6
0

3
,
1
3
3

2
,
8
5
8

2
,
3
0
8

03

04

05

06

07

Figure 3: ANZ – Cash Earnings & Average STI payments ($ million)

Cash earnings (AGAAP)1

Cash earnings (AIFRS)2

Average STI payments against target

Target STI

125

100

75

Figure 3 illustrates the relationship between the average actual STI payments 
against target and the Group’s performance measured using cash earnings 
over the last 5 years. The average STI payments for each year are based on 
those executives (including the CEO) disclosed in each relevant reporting 
period. As illustrated in the chart, the average STI payments are generally 
in alignment with the cash earnings trend.
1  Earnings excluding goodwill, significant items and NBNZ incremental integration costs.
2  Earnings adjusted for non-core items, AIFRS adjustments and preference share dividends.

% of target STI paid
to executive directors
and disclosed executives

Section D. Chief Executive Offi cers’ remuneration
This section details the remuneration arrangements for J McFarlane who ceased as CEO of ANZ on 30 September 2007 (after 10 years as 
CEO), and his successor, M Smith, who commenced as CEO on 1 October 2007. The CEO is the only executive director at ANZ. 

D1.REMUNERATION OVERVIEW FOR J MCFARLANE
The structure of J McFarlane’s remuneration for the purposes of the 2006 and 2007 fi nancial year disclosures was in accordance with his 
employment agreement and was as follows:

Fixed Remuneration: Consisted of salary, benefi ts and superannuation contributions. Since October 2003, J McFarlane elected to receive almost 
all of his Fixed Remuneration in the form of shares purchased under the Directors’ Share Plan. These shares were not subject to a performance 
condition as they were provided in place of cash remuneration at the CEO’s choice. However, they were subject to forfeiture in case of 
termination for serious misconduct.

Short-Term Incentive: The Board set J McFarlane’s balanced scorecard at the beginning of the fi nancial year. The Board then assessed 
performance against these objectives at the end of the year to determine the appropriate incentive (relative to target). These objectives were 
aligned with the achievement of ANZ’s business plan, and were the most appropriate indicators of performance. These objectives included 
a number of quantitative and qualitative measures, which included (but were not limited to) fi nancial, customer, people, environment and 
community measures. J McFarlane’s STI was able to be paid in cash or in shares purchased under the Directors’ Share Plan. 

Long-Term Incentive: J McFarlane’s Long-Term Incentive was made up of Hurdled Options and Performance Shares as approved by 
shareholders at the 2001 and 2004 Annual General Meetings respectively. No long-term incentive equity was issued to J McFarlane in the 
2006 or 2007 fi nancial years. The performance conditions pertaining to the Options and Performance Shares issued during the 2005 year are 
indicated in F10.1 Hurdled A options and F10.3 respectively. They were linked to Company performance and increasing shareholder value. 
The remuneration of J McFarlane for the year ended 30 September 2007 is set out in Table 1 in section A of this Remuneration Report. 

The mix of remuneration for J McFarlane was made up as follows: 

  Fixed Remuneration of $2,200,000 per annum; 
  Target variable Short-Term Incentive of $2,200,000 per annum; 
   Long-Term Incentive of $2,600,000 granted on 31 December 2004, as per his 26 October 2004 contract - based on valuation at grant 
of last LTI allocation of 175,000 Performance Shares in December 2004. Note, the fair value of LTI equity granted since December 2003, 
and annualised over the period from grant date to 30 September 2007 is $1,530,000. This amount has been refl ected in the reward 
mix bar in Figure 4 below. 

Figure 4: Chief Executive Officer

37%

37%

26%

Fixed Remuneration % 

STI %

LTI %

22  ANZ Annual Report 2007

D1.1 Contract Terms
On 5 December 2006, the Company 
announced an extension to the terms of 
J McFarlane’s 26 October 2004 contract 
(which was also an extension of his contract 
dated 23 October 2001). The contract was 
extended by 3 months to 31 December 
2007 (from 30 September 2007) to provide 
fl exibility for orderly succession at ANZ. The 
following terms formed part of J McFarlane’s 
26 October 2004 contract. 

   In addition to mandatory superannuation 
contributions, the Company made 
additional employer contributions of 
$300,000 per annum (effective from 
1 October 2003), paid quarterly to 
J McFarlane’s chosen superannuation 
fund; and 
   J McFarlane was granted 175,000 
Performance Shares on 31 December 
2004. 

Tax Liabilities on UK Pension Plan holdings
The terms of J McFarlane’s contract provided 
for reimbursements for any additional tax 
liabilities that occurred on J McFarlane’s 
UK Pension Plan holdings as a result of his 
continuing Australian residency. Under this 
agreement, ANZ reimbursed J McFarlane for 
additional tax liability incurred on his UK 
Pension Plan during his employment with 
ANZ, arising as a consequence of Australian 
Foreign Investment Fund rules.

D1.2 Participation in Equity Programs
Hurdled Options:
At the 2001 Annual General Meeting, four 
tranches of options were approved for 
granting by the Board: 500,000 in 2001; 
1,000,000 in 2002; 1,000,000 in 2003 and 
500,000 in 2004. For options granted to 
the CEO, the exercise price was equal to the 
weighted average share price during the fi ve 
trading days immediately after the Annual 
General Meeting held in respect of the 
fi nancial year that ended before the date of 
the grant of the relevant tranche of options. 
The exercise of these options was subject 
to performance hurdles being satisfi ed. 
J McFarlane’s specifi c performance hurdles 
are indicated in section F10.1 (Hurdled A), 
and for Performance Shares in section F10.3. 
For options granted to the CEO, the life and 
exercise period may differ, as disclosed in F3.

Performance Shares:
175,000 Performance Shares were issued to 
J McFarlane on 31 December 2004 as part of 
his 26 October 2004 contract, as approved 
by shareholders at the 2004 Annual General 
Meeting. No dividends were payable on the 
shares until vesting. Vesting was subject 
to time and performance hurdles being 
satisfi ed as detailed in section F10.3. 

Directors’ Share Plan:
J McFarlane participated in the Directors’ 
Share Plan, which is explained in section B3. 

Please refer to section F for details of grants 
and holdings. 

D1.3 Termination Benefi ts
On J McFarlane’s departure on 30 September 
2007, he received the following:

Contractual and Statutory Payments
J McFarlane received a payment of $550,000 
(equal to 3 months of his Total Employment 
Cost) for the unexpired portion of his 
employment contract (being the 3 months 
from 1 October 2007 to 31 December 2007). 
J McFarlane was also paid all statutory leave 
entitlements, including a payment for pro 
rata long service leave totalling $365,261.

Short-Term Incentive
As part of the usual remuneration process 
at the end of the fi nancial year, the Board 
considered and determined the extent to 
which J McFarlane satisfi ed the applicable 
performance criteria under the short-term 
incentive program for the 2007 fi nancial 
year. As a result of that determination, 
Mr McFarlane received an STI payment 
in relation to the 2007 fi nancial year of 
$2,090,000. 

Long-Term Incentive
Of the 3,000,000 Hurdled Options granted 
to J McFarlane from December 2001 to 
December 2004, 250,000 Hurdled Options 
have not yet vested as at 31 October 2007. 

In accordance with the rules of the ANZ 
Employee Option Plan, under which the 
Hurdled Options were granted, the unvested 
options may be held by J McFarlane 
until their expiry date (of 31 December 
2008) set out in the terms of grant and 
his employment contract. The Hurdled 
Options will be subject to the performance 
condition and will be tested in accordance 
with their terms of grant until their expiry 
date, at which point they will lapse if the 
performance hurdle is not met.

The 175,000 Performance Shares granted 
to J McFarlane have not yet met their 
performance hurdle. In accordance with 
their terms of grant the Performance Shares 
may be held by J McFarlane (subject to the 
performance conditions) until the expiry 
date set out in their terms of grant and 
his employment contract and tested in 
accordance with the terms of grant until 
their expiry date (31/12/09). J McFarlane 
is taxed at the time of retirement on the 
Performance Shares as if they had passed 
the performance hurdles. For tax paid 
on Performance Rights and Options, the 
taxpayer will receive a refund of tax paid 
if the performance hurdles are not met. 
However this is not the case for Performance 
Shares in contrast to the position for Rights 
and Options. This is in ANZ’s opinion 
inequitable and ANZ agreed to acquire 
J McFarlane’s interest in the Performance 
Shares on his departure for a payment 
of $1,000,000. The Shares have been 
reclassifi ed and are now available for 
allocation to other employees under ANZ’s 
employee share plan.

Shares held under the ANZ Directors’ 
Share Plan
J McFarlane elected to receive almost all 
of his remuneration (including annual 
bonuses) in the form of ANZ shares 
purchased under the ANZ Directors’ Share 
Plan. On his cessation from ANZ, J McFarlane 
was entitled to all shares held on trust on 
his behalf under the ANZ Directors’ Share 
Plan.

D1.4 Shareholding Guideline
The Chief Executive Offi cer of ANZ is 
expected to accumulate ANZ shares, over 
a fi ve year period, to the value of 200% of 
his Fixed Remuneration and to maintain 
this shareholding while CEO of ANZ. This 
shareholding guideline was introduced in 
September 2005. J McFarlane was always 
well above the shareholding guideline.

D2. REMUNERATION OVERVIEW FOR 
M SMITH 
M Smith commenced as CEO and Executive 
Director of ANZ on 1 October 2007 on a 
rolling twelve month contract with a minimum 
term of three years. The key terms of his 
employment arrangement are summarised 
below. They are in line with industry practice 
(based on external advice on Australian and 
international peer company benchmarks) and 
ASX Corporate Governance Principles. 

Remuneration Report  23

  Termination without notice by ANZ 
in the event of serious misconduct: All 
Performance Rights (or cash equivalent) and 
sign-on award will be forfeited; and
  Death or total and permanent 
disablement: All Performance Rights (or 
cash equivalent) and sign-on award will 
vest.

D2.3 Relocation 
Costs associated with M Smith’s relocation to 
Melbourne will be paid consistent with ANZ’s 
international relocation policies. Certain 
relocation expenses will also be paid in the 
event of termination of his employment.

Fixed Remuneration: A fi xed component 
of $3 million per annum which consists 
of salary, benefi ts and superannuation 
contributions. M Smith’s Fixed Remuneration 
will be constant for three years, and will be 
reviewed annually thereafter.

Short-Term Incentive: The short-term 
incentive target is 100% of Fixed 
Remuneration per annum. The actual short-
term incentive awarded will be determined 
at the discretion of the Board based on 
ANZ and CEO performance against annual 
performance targets.

Long-Term Incentive: The LTI covering the 
fi rst three years of employment consists of 
3 tranches of Performance Rights, each to 
be granted after the 2007 Annual General 
Meeting, and each to a maximum value of 
$3 million. The performance periods for each 
tranche begin on date of grant and end on the 
3rd, 4th and 5th anniversaries respectively. 
The grant of these Performance Rights will be 
subject to shareholder approval which will be 
sought at the 2007 Annual General Meeting. 
If shareholder approval is not obtained, 
the LTI will be a cash award equivalent to 
the value of the Performance Rights which 
would have become exercisable for each 
tranche and performance period, subject 
to satisfaction of the performance and time 
hurdles. The level of vesting for each tranche 
will be based on ANZ Total Shareholder 
Return (TSR) performance against a 
comparator group of companies consistent 
with the senior executive LTI program (refer 
to C4.2). Refer to section C4.2 for change of 
control provisions in relation to these Rights.

D2.1 Sign-On Award

The Board agreed to provide M Smith $9 
million compensation in consideration for 
remuneration foregone from his previous 
employer on joining ANZ. As per the terms 
of M Smith’s contract, he elected at the 
commencement of his employment to receive 
100% of this compensation in the form of 
ANZ Deferred Shares. Shareholder approval 
will be sought at the 2007 Annual General 
Meeting for M Smith’s sign-on award, to be 
held in trust until the end of the relevant 
vesting period.

One third of the sign on award will vest at 
each of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd anniversaries 
from commencement of employment as CEO. 
Given the purpose of the sign-on award for M 
Smith is to compensate him for remuneration 
foregone, the ANZ Deferred Shares will not 
be subject to any performance hurdles. 
The allocation of ANZ Deferred Shares and 
the time vesting component, will however 
strengthen the alignment of M Smith’s 
interests with shareholders. If shareholder 
approval is not granted, the Company will 
pay the value of the sign-on award to 
M Smith in cash. On vesting, the cash amount 
paid will be the initial value of the relevant 
amount escalated at the 30 day bank bill rate 
throughout the period from commencement 
of employment as CEO until vesting, 
assuming interest is credited each 30 days.

D2.2 Termination Benefi ts
M Smith or ANZ may terminate the 
employment agreement by providing 12 
months’ written notice. If ANZ terminates 
M Smith’s employment within the fi rst 3 
years, ANZ will give M Smith the greater of 
12 months’ written notice or notice equal 
to the unexpired term of three years from 
commencement as CEO. ANZ may elect to pay 
in lieu all or part of the notice period based 
on M Smith’s Fixed Remuneration. 
In circumstances of serious misconduct, 
M Smith is only entitled to payment of Fixed 
Remuneration up to the date of termination. 

In relation to M Smith’s LTI (Performance 
Rights) and sign-on award the following will 
apply:
  Resignation by M Smith: All unexercised 
Performance Rights (or cash equivalent) and 
unvested sign-on award will be forfeited;
  Termination on notice by ANZ: All 
Performance Rights (or cash equivalent) 
which have vested or vest during the 
notice period will be retained and become 
exercisable; all Performance Rights (or 
cash equivalent) which have not yet vested 
will be retained and will vest and become 
exercisable subject to the relevant time and 
performance hurdles being satisfi ed. Sign-
on award will vest in full;

24  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Section E. Disclosed executives’ contract terms
Contractual terms are similar, but do, on occasion, vary to suit different needs. Section E1 details the contractual terms for 
disclosed executives.

E1. CONTRACTS:  R EDGAR, B HARTZER, G HODGES, P HODGSON, P MARRIOTT, S TARGETT AND A THURSBY

Length of Contract

Open-ended.

Fixed Remuneration

Remuneration consists of salary, 9% Superannuation Guarantee (SG) contributions (except for G Hodges) 
and nominated benefi ts. 

Short-Term Incentive

Eligible to participate (refer to section C4.1 for details of short-term incentive arrangements).

Long-Term Incentive

Eligible to participate at the Board’s discretion (refer to section C4.2 for long-term incentive arrangements).

Resignation

Employment may be terminated by giving 6 months’ written notice. 
On resignation any options and unvested deferred shares will be forfeited.

Termination on Notice by ANZ

Redundancy

Death or Total and 
Permanent Disablement

Termination for 
serious misconduct

Other Aspects

ANZ may terminate the executive’s employment by providing 12 months’ written notice or payment in lieu 
of the notice period based on Fixed Remuneration. 
On termination on notice by ANZ any Options or LTI Deferred Shares that have vested, or will vest during the 
notice period will be released, in accordance with the ANZ Share Option Plan Rules. LTI shares that have not yet 
vested will generally be forfeited, although for some executives (B Hartzer and P Marriott) these shares will be 
released in full. Deferred shares granted under STI arrangements will vest in full for all executives. 
There is discretion to pay short-term incentives on a pro-rata basis (depending on termination date and subject 
to business performance). 

If ANZ terminates employment for reasons of bona fi de redundancy, a severance payment will be made that 
is equal to 12 months’ Fixed Remuneration.
All STI Deferred Shares are released. All Options are released on a pro-rata basis. All LTI Deferred Shares are 
released on a pro-rata basis. 
There is discretion to pay short-term incentives on a pro-rata basis (depending on termination date and 
subject to business performance).

All Options and Shares are released; pro-rata short-term incentive.

ANZ may immediately terminate the executive’s employment at any time in the case of serious misconduct, and 
the employee will only be entitled to payment of Fixed Remuneration up to the date of termination. Payment of 
statutory entitlements of long service leave and annual leave applies in all events of separation.
On termination for serious misconduct any Options and any Deferred Shares still held in trust will be forfeited.

As part of A Thursby’s employment arrangement and to compensate for equity foregone from his previous 
employer, A Thursby has been offered 3 separate tranches of Deferred Shares to the value of $1,000,000 
per annum, subject to Board approval. The fi rst tranche was approved by the Board on 3 September 2007, 
with the second and third tranches to be approved around the fi rst and second anniversary of A Thursby’s 
employment with ANZ. The Shares will be restricted and held in trust for three years from the date of 
allocation for the benefi cial interest of A Thursby, during which period they will be forfeited if employment 
ceases for any reason other than retrenchment, death or total and permanent disablement, and that for 
the whole period that the Shares remain in trust (including any further period) they will be forfeited for any 
serious misconduct.

E2. PARTICIPATION IN EQUITY PROGRAMS
A number of Shares and Options are granted to executives under the remuneration programs detailed in Section C. For disclosed executives, 
details of all grants made during the year and legacy LTI programs are listed in Section F. Aggregate holdings of Shares and Options are also 
shown. 

Remuneration Report  25

Section F. Equity instruments relating to disclosed directors and executives

F1. SHAREHOLDINGS OF NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS (INCLUDING MOVEMENTS DURING THE 2006 & 2007 YEARS)
Balance of
shares held as
at 30 Sept

2007 Financial Year

Shares 
acquired during
 the year in lieu
 of salary2

Shares resulting
from any other
change during
the year3

Balance of
 shares as at
1 Oct 
20061

20071,4

Name

C Goode 
G Clark
J Ellis
D Gonski
M Jackson
I Macfarlane
D Meiklejohn
J Morschel

2006 Financial Year

Name

C Goode 
G Clark
R Deane
J Ellis
D Gonski
M Jackson
D Meiklejohn
J Morschel

Balance of
shares held as
at report
 sign-off date1

669,496
10,479
125,159
53,005
95,673
4,574
7,156
10,677

627,028
6,920
114,810
68,948
93,297
–
7,156
7,422

23,799
1,654
1,194
365
–
973
–
1,654

18,669
–
17
(16,308)
199
2,000
–
–

669,496
8,574
116,021
53,005
93,496
2,973
7,156
9,076

Balance of
 shares as at
1 Oct 
20051

Shares 
acquired during
 the year in lieu
 of salary2

Shares resulting
from any other
change during
the year3

Balance of
shares held as
at 30 Sept

20061,5

Balance of
shares held as
at report
 sign-off date1

535,637
5,000
75,364
91,196
54,904
93,297
5,156
5,502

26,046
1,920
–
1,614
2,534
–
–
1,920

65,345
–
–
22,000
11,510
–
2,000
–

627,028
6,920
75,364
114,810
68,948
93,297
7,156
7,422

648,003
8,501
75,364
115,951
68,948
93,297
7,156
9,003

1  Balance of shares held at 1 October 2005/2006, 30 September 2006/2007, 1 November 2006 and 7 November 2007, includes directly held shares, nominally held shares and shares 

held by related parties.

2  All shares acquired in lieu of salary were done so under the Directors’ Share Plan (refer to section B3 of this Remuneration Report for an overview of the Directors’ Share Plan).
3  Other shares resulting from any other changes during the year include the net result of any shares purchased/sold or acquired under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
4  The following shares were nominally held as at 30 September 2007: C Goode – 354,910; G Clark – 8,574; J Ellis – 49,092; D Gonski – 66,076; M Jackson – 10,831; I Macfarlane – 2,973; 

D Meiklejohn – 4,656; J Morschel – 5,076.

5  The following shares were nominally held as at 30 September 2006: C Goode – 408,553; G Clark – 1,920; R Deane – 73,000; J Ellis – 47,898; D Gonski – 66,076; M Jackson – 10,632; 

D Meiklejohn – 4,656; J Morschel – 3,422.

F2. SHAREHOLDINGS OF CEO, J MCFARLANE (INCLUDING MOVEMENTS DURING THE 2006 & 2007 YEARS)

2007

2006

Balance of
shares as 
at 1 Oct
2005/2006 1

Shares acquired
during the year
in lieu of salary2

Shares acquired
during the year
through the exercise
of options3

Shares resulting
from any other
change during
the year4

Balance of 
shares held as 
at 30 Sept
2006/20071,5

Balance of 
shares held 
as at report 
sign-off date1,6

1,973,422

1,819,715

52,581

81,118

750,000

 (2,091,569)

684,434

509,434

2,000,000

 (1,927,411)

1,973,422

2,074,993

1  Balance of shares held at 1 October 2005/2006, 30 September 2006/2007, 1 November 2006 and 7 November 2007 includes directly held shares, nominally held shares and shares 

held by related parties.

2  All shares acquired in lieu of salary were done so under the Directors’ Share Plan (refer to section B3 of this Remuneration Report for an overview of the Directors’ Share Plan).
3  All options held/exercised by the CEO have been approved by shareholders (December 1999 and December 2001).
4  Other shares resulting from any other changes during the 2006 / 2007 years include the net result of any shares purchased, sold, or acquired under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. 

For 2006, it also includes those shares received on 31 October 2005 in regards to the 2005 incentive (for the period ending 30 September 2005)

5   1,486,294 shares were held nominally as at 30 September 2006 and 311,249 shares as at 30 September 2007.
6   The relinquishment of the CEO’s Performance Shares (175,000) has been factored into this balance. Refer to section D1.3 for further details.

26  ANZ Annual Report 2007

F3. OPTIONS GRANTED TO CEO, J McFARLANE1

Financial Year

2006

2007

Type of 
options

Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled A2
Total

Grant date

31-Dec-01
31-Dec-02
31-Dec-03
31-Dec-04

First date
exercisable

31-Dec-03
31-Dec-04
31-Dec-05
31-Dec-06

Date of
expiry

31-Dec-07
31-Dec-07
31-Dec-08
31-Dec-08

Exercise
price3
$

16.80
16.69
17.48
20.49

Number
granted4,5

500,000
1,000,000
1,000,000
500,000
3,000,000

Number vested
during the 
2006/2007 FY

–
–
1,000,000
500,000
1,500,000

Percentage that
vested during
the 2006/2007
FY %

Vested and
exercisable as
at 30 Sept
2006/2007

Vested and
unexercisable as
at 30 Sept6
2006/2007

–
–
100
100

–
500,000
–
–
500,000

–
500,000
–
250,000
750,000

1  All options granted to the CEO have been approved by shareholders (December 1999 and December 2001).
2  The fair value per option at the 31 December 2004 grant date is $1.98. 
3  The exercise price is equal to the weighted average share price during the 5 trading days immediately after the Company’s Annual General Meeting for the financial year that ended before the 
grant date. Note, the original exercise price of options issued prior to the Renouncable Rights issue in November 2003 have been reduced by 72 cents, because of the dilution of share capital 
associated with the Renouncable Rights issue.
4  Nil options forfeited or expired during the period.
5  The amortisation balance is nil for subsequent financial years and the value will be nil if the performance hurdle on the 250,000 unexercisable options is not achieved by 31 December 2008.
6  The options have met the time vesting hurdle, however only 50% of the 1.5 million granted had passed the performance hurdle as at 30 September 2007.

F4. OPTION HOLDINGS OF CEO, J McFARLANE (INCLUDING MOVEMENTS DURING THE 2006 & 2007 YEARS)1

Type of 
options

2007
Hurdled

2006
Hurdled

Balance as 
at 1 Oct 
2005/2006

1,000,000

Exercised
during 
the year

Date of
exercise of 
options

Number of
ordinary
shares issued
on exercise
of options

Value of
options
exercised
during the
year2
$

300,000
200,000
250,000

20-Dec-06
31-Aug-07
31-Aug-07 

300,000
200,000
250,000

3,513,000
2,398,000
2,047,500

3,000,000

500,000
500,000
1,000,000

03-Jul-06
04-Jul-06
31-Aug-06

500,000
500,000
1,000,000

4,955,000
5,030,000
9,730,000

Share price
on date of 
exercise of
options
$

28.40
28.68
28.68

26.71
26.75
27.21

Balance
as at 
30 Sept 
2006/2007

250,000

1,000,000

Amount 
paid per
share
$ 

16.69
16.69
20.49

16.80
16.69
17.48

Total value 
of options
granted and
exercised
during the year 
$ 

3,513,000
2,398,000
2,047,500

4,955,000
5,030,000
9,730,000

1  All options granted to the CEO have been approved by shareholders (December 1999 and December 2001).
2  The value per option used in this calculation is based on the difference between the volume weighted average price of the Company’s shares traded on the ASX on the day the options were 

exercised, and the exercise price. This is then multiplied by the number granted.

Remuneration Report  27

 
F5. DEFERRED SHARES GRANTED TO DISCLOSED EXECUTIVES

Financial Year

2006

2007

LTI Deferred Shares1

Name

R Edgar

Total
E Funke Kupper4

Total
B Hartzer

Total
G Hodges

Total
P Hodgson

Total
P Marriott

Total
S Targett

Grant date

Vesting date

Number
 granted2,3

Number that
vested during
the 2006 or
2007 year

Percentage that
vested during
the 2006 or 
2007 year
%

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04
05-Nov-04
05-Nov-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04
05-Nov-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04
05-Nov-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04
05-Nov-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04
05-Nov-04
08-Dec-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04
05-Nov-04

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07
05-Nov-07
05-Nov-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07
05-Nov-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07
05-Nov-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07
05-Nov-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07
05-Nov-07
08-Dec-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07
05-Nov-07

05-Nov-04

05-Nov-07

7,600
8,500
8,889
25,000
8,452
6,519
26,000
90,960
8,000
6,800
6,838
6,256
6,018
33,912
6,600
6,500
7,408
7,135
9,127
36,770
3,800
6,500
5,699
6,586
7,522
30,107
900
1,000
1,097
1,111
1,974
12,481
18,563
9,300
9,100
9,573
9,275
8,475
45,723
6,519

7,600
8,500
8,889
25,000
8,452
–
–
58,441
8,000
6,800
–
–
–
14,800
6,600
6,500
7,408
7,135
–
27,643
3,800
6,500
5,699
6,586
–
22,585
900
1,000
1,097
1,111
–
–
4,108
9,300
9,100
9,573
9,275
–
37,248
–

100
100
100
100
100
–
–
64
100
100
–
–
–
44
100
100
100
100
–
75
100
100
100
100
–
75
100
100
100
100
–
–
22
100
100
100
100
–
81
–

1  LTI deferred shares were last granted under the ANZ Long-Term Incentive Program in the 2005 year, and therefore were not granted in the 2006 or 2007 years. LTI is now delivered in the form 

of Performance Rights (refer to section C4.2). The LTI deferred shares are restricted for 3 years and may be held in trust beyond this time. Refer to section F10.2 for more details.

2  Nil shares forfeited during the 2007 year; 19,112 shares forfeited during the 2006 year. 
3  The maximum amortisation balance for each executive for subsequent financial years is as follows: R Edgar $22,130; B Hartzer $6,211; G Hodges $5,119; P Hodgson $16,996; 

P Marriott $5,768; S Targett nil.

4  E Funke Kupper forfeited unvested deferred shares on resignation.

28  ANZ Annual Report 2007

F5. DEFERRED SHARES GRANTED TO DISCLOSED EXECUTIVES (CONTINUED)

Financial Year

2006

2007

STI Deferred Shares1

Name
R Edgar

Total
E Funke Kupper4

Total
B Hartzer

Total
G Hodges

Total
P Hodgson

Total
P Marriott

Total

Grant date
23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04
05-Nov-04

23-Oct-02
20-May-03
05-Nov-03
11-May-04

Vesting date
23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07
05-Nov-05

23-Oct-05
20-May-06
05-Nov-06
11-May-07

Number that
vested during
the 2006 or
2007 year
6,423
5,622
6,781
7,683
26,509
8,554
4,148
–
–
12,702
4,457
1,992
7,322
7,244
21,015
4,761
4,503
5,129
5,653
20,046
8,305
4,776
7,835
9,330
4,262
34,508
8,527
5,403
7,978
9,604
31,512

Percentage that
vested during
the 2006 or
2007 year
%
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
–
–
46
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

Number
 granted2
6,423
5,622
6,781
7,683
26,509
8,554
4,148
7,636
7,052
27,390
4,457
1,992
7,322
7,244
21,015
4,761
4,503
5,129
5,653
20,046
8,305
4,776
7,835
9,330
4,2623
34,508
8,527
5,403
7,978
9,604
31,512

1  STI deferred shares issued were granted under a historical ANZ Short-Term Incentive Program. (STI is now delivered generally as 100% cash, therefore no STI deferred shares were granted 

to the Executives during the year. Refer to section C4.1). STI deferred shares are restricted for 3 years and may be held in trust beyond this time.

2  Nil shares forfeited during the 2006 & 2007 years, and as at 30 September 2007, 100% of STI Deferred Shares have vested.
3  These STI deferred shares were granted as part of the Institutional Bonus Scheme in 2004. 20% of bonus amounts in excess of $125,000 were delivered as one year deferred shares.
4  Unvested shares were forfeited on resignation.

Other Deferred Shares

Name
S Targett1

Total
A Thursby2

Grant date
11-May-04
05-Nov-04
13-May-05
07-Nov-05

Vesting date
11-May-07
05-Nov-07
13-May-08
07-Nov-08

03-Sep-07

03-Sep-10

Number
 granted3,4
38,419
35,105
32,080
29,838
135,442
34,602

Value of deferred 
shares granted 
during the 2006 or 
2007 year 5
$

–
–
–
703,282
703,282
1,005,188

Number that vested 
during the year
38,419

–
–
–

38,419

–

Percentage that 
vested during 
the year
%

100
–
–
–
28
–

1  Other shares issued to S Targett relate to the issue of deferred shares (four tranches to the value of $700,000 each issued at 6 month intervals in May and November in 2004 and 2005) to 

compensate S Targett for the loss of access to equity as a result of his resignation from his previous employer upon commencement with ANZ. 

2  Other shares issued to A Thursby relate to the issue of deferred shares to compensate A Thursby for the loss of access to equity as a result of his resignation from his previous employer upon 

commencement with ANZ.

3  Nil shares forfeited during the 2007 year; 14,688 shares forfeited during the 2006 year.
4  The maximum amortisation balance for subsequent financial years for S Targett is nil and A Thursby is $980,425.
5  The value of shares granted is based on the volume weighted average price of the Company’s shares traded on the ASX on the day the shares were granted, multiplied by the number granted.

Remuneration Report  29

F6. SHAREHOLDINGS OF DISCLOSED EXECUTIVES (INCLUDING MOVEMENTS DURING THE 2006 & 2007 YEARS)

2007 Financial Year

Name

R Edgar
B Hartzer
G Hodges
P Hodgson 
P Marriott
S Targett
A Thursby

2006 Financial Year

Name

R Edgar
E Funke Kupper5
B Hartzer
G Hodges
P Hodgson
P Marriott
S Targett

Balance of
shares as at
1 Oct 2006 1

Shares granted
during the year
as remuneration

421,733
96,083
239,319
53,759
660,513
142,961
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
34,602

Balance of
shares as at
1 Oct 2005 1

Shares granted
during the year
as remuneration

421,733
189,892
88,638
171,919
59,557
641,633
113,123

–
–
–
–
–
–
29,838

Number of
shares acquired
during the year
through exercise
of options

66,666
269,194
42,735
–
11,000
153,688
–

Number of
shares acquired
during the year
through exercise
of options

–
–
–
67,400
–
168,000
–

Shares resulting
from any other
change during
the year2

Balance 
of shares
 held as at 
30 Sept 20071,3

(100,000)
(33,185)
–
–
(98,884)
(152,667)
–

388,399
332,092
282,054
53,759
572,629
143,982
34,602

Shares resulting
from any other
change during
the year2

Balance 
of shares
 held as at 
30 Sept 20061,4

–
(89,450)
7,445
–
(5,798)
(149,120)
–

421,733
100,442
96,083
239,319
53,759
660,513
142,961

1  Balance of shares held at 1 October 2005/2006 and 30 September 2006/2007, include directly held shares, nominally held shares and shares held by related parties.
2  Other shares resulting from any other changes during the year include the net result of any shares purchased, or sold or any acquired under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
3  The following shares were held nominally as at 30 September 2007: R Edgar – 213,510; B Hartzer – 78,607; G Hodges – 146,747; P Hodgson – 53,759; P Marriott – 177,930; 

S Targett – 141,961; A Thursby – 34,602.

4  The following shares were held nominally as at 30 September 2006: R Edgar – 213,510; E Funke Kupper – 0; B Hartzer – 78,607; G Hodges – 104,012; P Hodgson – 53,759; 

P Marriott – 177,930; S Targett – 141,961.

5  Amounts shown do not include ANZ Stapled Exchangeable Preferred Securities (ANZ StEPS). Elmer Funke Kupper held 500 ANZ StEPS up to and including 30 September 2006. 

No other disclosed executives held ANZ StEPS.

F7. OPTIONS GRANTED TO DISCLOSED EXECUTIVES1 

Financial Year

2006

2007

Name
R Edgar

Total
E Funke Kupper8

Total
B Hartzer

Type of
options2

Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Index Linked
Index Linked
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled B
Performance Rights
Performance Rights

Index Linked
Index Linked
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled B
Performance Rights

Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Index Linked
Index Linked
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled B
Performance Rights
Performance Rights

Total

30  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Grant
date

First date
exercisable

Date of
expiry3

Exercise

price4,5
$

  Number

granted6,7

24-Oct-08
25-Oct-04
24-Oct-01
24-Apr-09
24-Apr-05
24-Apr-02
23-Oct-02
22-Oct-09
23-Oct-05
20-May-03 20-May-06 19-May-10
05-Nov-03
04-Nov-10
05-Nov-06
11-May-04 11-May-07 10-May-11
04-Nov-11
05-Nov-07
05-Nov-04
18-Nov-10
19-Nov-08
18-Nov-05
24-Oct-11
25-Oct-09
24-Oct-06

23-Oct-02
22-Oct-09
23-Oct-05
20-May-03 20-May-06 19-May-10
05-Nov-06 04-Nov-10
05-Nov-03
11-May-04 11-May-07 10-May-11
05-Nov-07 04-Nov-11
05-Nov-04
19-Nov-08 18-Nov-10
18-Nov-05

24-Apr-08
24-Apr-04
24-Apr-01
24-Oct-08
24-Oct-04
24-Oct-01
24-Apr-09
24-Apr-05
24-Apr-02
24-Apr-09
24-Apr-05
24-Apr-02
23-Oct-02
22-Oct-09
23-Oct-05
20-May-03 20-May-06 19-May-10
05-Nov-03
05-Nov-06 04-Nov-10
11-May-04 11-May-07 10-May-11
05-Nov-07 04-Nov-11
05-Nov-04
19-Nov-08 18-Nov-10
18-Nov-05
24-Oct-11
25-Oct-09
24-Oct-06

16.33
18.03
17.34
17.60
17.55
18.22
20.68
0.00
0.00

17.34
17.60
17.55
18.22
20.68
0.00

12.98
16.33
18.03
18.03
17.34
17.60
17.55
18.22
20.68
0.00
0.00

34,000
41,000
125,000
147,000
66,666
63,115
52,000
60,346
45,872
634,999
131,000
119,000
51,282
46,722
48,000
45,518
441,522
42,000
36,000
59,000
50,000
109,000
113,000
55,555
53,279
72,800
64,656
64,985
720,275

Number
vested
during the
2006 or
2007 year

–
–
125,000
147,000
66,666
63,115
–
–
–
401,781
131,000
119,000
–
–
–
–
250,000
–
–
–
–
109,000
113,000
55,555
53,279
–
–
–
330,834

Percentage that 
vested during
 the 2006 or
2007 year
%
–
–
100
100
100
100
–
–
–
63
100
100
–
–
–
–
57
–
–
–
–
100
100
100
100
–
–
–
46

Vested and
exercisable
as at 30 Sept
2006 or 2007

–
–
–
31,557
–
–
–
31,557

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
42,000
36,000
59,000
50,000
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
187,000

 
F7. OPTIONS GRANTED TO DISCLOSED EXECUTIVES1 (CONTINUED) 

Financial Year

2006

2007

Name
G Hodges

Total
P Hodgson

Total
P Marriott

Total
9
S Targett

Total

Type of
options2
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Index Linked
Index Linked
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled B
Performance Rights
Performance Rights

Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Index Linked
Index Linked
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled B
Performance Rights
Performance Rights

Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Index Linked
Index Linked
Hurdled A
Hurdled A
Hurdled B
Performance Rights
Performance Rights

Grant
First date
Date of
expiry3
date
exercisable
24-Apr-02
24-Apr-05
24-Apr-09
24-Apr-02
24-Apr-05
24-Apr-09
22-Oct-09
23-Oct-05
23-Oct-02
20-May-03 20-May-06 19-May-10
05-Nov-03
05-Nov-06 04-Nov-10
11-May-04 11-May-07 10-May-11
05-Nov-07 04-Nov-11
05-Nov-04
19-Nov-08 18-Nov-10
18-Nov-05
24-Oct-11
25-Oct-09
24-Oct-06

Exercise

price4,5
$
18.03
18.03
17.34
17.60
17.55
18.22
20.68
0.00
0.00

24-Oct-04 24-Oct-08
24-Oct-01
24-Apr-05 24-Apr-09
24-Apr-02
23-Oct-02
23-Oct-05 22-Oct-09
20-May-03 20-May-06 19-May-10
05-Nov-03
05-Nov-06 04-Nov-10
11-May-04 11-May-07 10-May-11
05-Nov-07 04-Nov-11
05-Nov-04
19-Nov-08 18-Nov-10
18-Nov-05
25-Oct-09 24-Oct-11
24-Oct-06

23-Feb-03 23-Feb-07
23-Feb-00
21-Nov-03 21-Nov-07
21-Nov-00
24-Oct-04
24-Oct-08
24-Oct-01
24-Apr-05 24-Apr-09
24-Apr-02
23-Oct-05 22-Oct-09
23-Oct-02
20-May-03 20-May-06 19-May-10
05-Nov-03
05-Nov-06 04-Nov-10
11-May-04 11-May-07 10-May-11
05-Nov-07 04-Nov-11
05-Nov-04
19-Nov-08 18-Nov-10
18-Nov-05
25-Oct-09 24-Oct-11
24-Oct-06

16.33
18.03
17.34
17.60
17.55
18.22
20.68
0.00
0.00

9.39
13.62
16.33
18.03
17.34
17.60
17.55
18.22
20.68
0.00
0.00

18.22
20.68
0.00
0.00

Number
vested
during the
2006 or
2007 year
–
–
63,000
113,000
42,735
49,181
–
–
–
267,916
–
–
14,700
17,200
8,221
8,300
–
–
–
48,421
–
–
–
–
153,000
158,000
71,794
69,263
–
–
–
452,057
307,377
–
–
–
307,377

Percentage that 
vested during
 the 2006 or
2007 year
%
–
–
100
100
100
100
–
–
–
52
–
–
100
100
100
100
–
–
–
27
–
–
–
–
100
100
100
100
–
–
–
46
100
–
–
–
64

Vested and
exercisable
as at 30 Sept
2006 or 2007
–
–
–
–
–
24,590
–
–
–
24,590
9,000
9,600
–
–
8,221
4,150
–
–
–
30,971
–
170,000
–
–
–
–
71,794
34,631
–
–
–
276,425
–
–
–
–
–

Number
granted6,7
17,400
50,000
63,000
113,000
42,735
49,181
60,000
60,346
57,340
513,002
9,000
9,600
14,700
17,200
8,221
8,300
15,750
51,725
45,872
180,368
25,000
170,000
73,000
70,000
153,000
158,000
71,794
69,263
67,600
62,501
57,340
977,498
307,377
52,000
64,657
57,340
481,374

Hurdled A
Hurdled B
Performance Rights
Performance Rights

11-May-04 11-May-07 10-May-11
05-Nov-07 04-Nov-11
05-Nov-04
19-Nov-08 18-Nov-10
18-Nov-05
25-Oct-09 24-Oct-11
24-Oct-06

1  Options granted pertains to those options granted, vested or exercised during the year, options yet to vest and any unexercised options.
2  Refer to section F10.1 for more details pertaining to hurdled A, hurdled B and index linked options.
3  Treatment of options on termination of employment is explained in section E of the Remuneration Report.
4  The exercise price for hurdled A & B options and index linked options is equal to the weighted average share price over the 5 trading days up to and including the grant date. The exercise price 
for performance rights is nil. Note, the original exercise price of options issued prior to the Renouncable Rights issue in November 2003 have been reduced by 72 cents, because of the dilution 
of share capital associated with the Renouncable Rights issue. Given index-linked options have a dynamic exercise price, the original exercise price is shown in F7 (refer to F10.1 for more details).

5  Refer to section F9 for details of the valuation methodology and inputs for performance rights granted in 2006 and 2007.
6  For the 2007 report, Performance Rights were granted on 30 October 2007 (before the report sign-off date). The allocation price was $12.96 with an expiry date of 5 years from the date of 
grant. The number of Performance Rights granted to each disclosed executive is as follows: R Edgar 19,290; B Hartzer 65,586; G Hodges 57,870; P Hodgson 57,870; P Marriott 57,870; 
A Thursby 46,296. These amounts relate to the 2008 financial year.

7  The maximum amortisation balance for each executive for subsequent financial years is as follows: R Edgar $684,141; B Hartzer $877,162; G Hodges $788,172; P Hodgson $643,108; 

P Marriott $798,309; S Targett $806,544. The value will be nil however, if the minimum performance hurdles are not achieved.

8  E Funke Kupper forfeited unvested options on resignation.
9  S Targett was granted Hurdled Options to compensate for the loss of equity from his previous employer.

Remuneration Report  31

 
 
F8. OPTION HOLDINGS OF DISCLOSED EXECUTIVES (INCLUDING MOVEMENTS DURING THE 2006 & 2007 YEARS)

2007 Financial Year

Name

R Edgar

Type of
options

Hurdled
Index-Linked
Performance Rights

B Hartzer

Hurdled

G Hodges

P Hodgson

P Marriott

Index-Linked
Performance Rights

Hurdled
Index-Linked
Performance Rights

Hurdled
Index-Linked
Performance Rights

Hurdled
Index-Linked
Performance Rights
Other3

S Targett

Hurdled
Performance Rights

2006 Financial Year

Name

R Edgar

E Funke Kupper

B Hartzer

G Hodges

P Hodgson

P Marriott

S Targett

Type of
options

Hurdled
Index-Linked
Performance Rights
Hurdled
Index-Linked
Performance Rights
Hurdled
Index-Linked
Performance Rights
Hurdled

Index-Linked
Performance Rights
Hurdled
Index-Linked
Performance Rights
Hurdled

Index-Linked
Performance Rights
Other3
Hurdled
Performance Rights

Balance as at
1 Oct 2006

181,781
272,000
60,346

368,634

222,000
64,656
151,916
176,000
60,346
50,871
31,900
51,725
378,657
311,000
62,501
11,442

359,377
64,657

Granted during
the year as
remuneration

Resulting from
any other change
during year

–
–
45,872

–

–
64,985

–
–
57,340

–
–
45,872

–
–
57,340
–

–
57,340

–
–
–

–

–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–
–

–
–

Value of options
granted during
the year1
$

–
–
600,006

–

–
850,004

–
–
750,007

–
–
600,006

–
–
750,007
–

–
750,007

Exercised during
the year

66,666
–
–
42,000
36,000
59,000
50,000
55,555
26,639
–
–
42,735
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–
5,000
5,000
1,000
153,688
–

Balance as at
1 Oct 2005

Granted during
the year as
remuneration

Resulting from
any other change
during year5

Value of options
granted during
the year1
$

Exercised during
the year

181,781
272,000
–
146,004
250,000
–
368,634
222,000
–
219,316

176,000
–
50,871
31,900
–
546,657

311,000
–
11,442
359,377
–

–
–
60,346
–
–
45,518
–
–
64,656
–

–
60,346
–
–
51,725
–

–
62,501
–
–
64,657

–
–
–
(146,004)
(250,000)
(45,518)
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–

–
–
702,427
–
–
529,830
–
–
752,596
–

–
702,427
–
–
602,079
–

–
727,512
–
–
752,607

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17,400
50,000
–
–
–
–
–
25,000
73,000
70,000
–
–
–
–
–

1  The value of options granted during the year is based on the fair value of the option multiplied by the number granted. Refer to section F9 for details of the valuation methodology and inputs.
2  The value per option used in this calculation is based on the difference between the volume weighted average price of the Company’s shares traded on the ASX on the day the options were 

exercised, and the exercise price. This is then multiplied by the number granted.

3  Other refers to share options granted to a related party. 11,000 of these options were vested and exercisable as at 30 September 2006 and 442 at 30 September 2007.

32  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Date of exercise
of options

Number of ordinary
shares issued on
exercise of options

Value of options
exercised during
the year2
$

Share price on
date of exercise
of options
$

Amount paid 
per share
$

15-Nov-06
–
–
16-May-07
16-May-07
16-May-07
16-May-07
16-May-07
16-May-07
–
–
14-Nov-06
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17-May-07
17-May-07
17-May-07
11-May-07
–

66,666
–
–
42,000
36,000
59,000
50,000
55,555
26,639
–
–
42,735
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,000
5,000
1,000
153,688
–

765,326
–
–
693,000
473,400
675,550
572,500
662,771
299,955
–
–
488,461
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
93,000
77,450
16,710
1,887,289
–

29.03
–
–
29.48
29.48
29.48
29.48
29.48
29.48
–
–
28.98
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
29.69
29.69
29.69
30.50
–

17.55
–
–
12.98
16.33
18.03
18.03
17.55
18.22
–
–
17.55
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.09
14.20
12.98
18.22
–

Balance as at
30 Sept 20074

115,115
272,000
106,218

99,440

222,000
129,641
109,181
176,000
117,686
50,871
31,900
97,597
378,657
311,000
119,841
442

205,689
121,997

Date of exercise
of options

Number of ordinary
shares issued on
exercise of options

Value of options
exercised during
the year2
$

Share price on
date of exercise
of options
$

Amount paid 
per share
$

Balance as at
30 Sept 20066

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17-May-06
17-May-06
–
–
–
–
–
10-Nov-05
11-Nov-05
11-Nov-05
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17,400
50,000
–
–
–
–
–
25,000
73,000
70,000
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
158,166
454,500
–
–
–
–
–
342,000
511,730
371,700
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.12
27.12
–
–
–
–
–
23.07
23.34
23.34
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.03
18.03
–
–
–
–
–
9.39
16.33
18.03
–
–
–
–
–

181,781
272,000
60,346
–
–
–
368,634
222,000
64,656
151,916

176,000
60,346
50,871
31,900
51,725
378,657

311,000
62,501
11,442
359,377
64,657

4  Aggregate value of options exercised, granted and forfeited during the 2007 year for each disclosed executive is as follows: R Edgar $1,365,332; 

B Hartzer $4,227,180; G Hodges $1,238,468; P Hodgson $600,006; P Marriott $937,167; S Targett $2,637,296.
5  Refers to forfeiture of options upon resignation for E Funke Kupper. Value of options on forfeiture was $2,229,912.
6  Aggregate value of options exercised, granted and forfeited during the 2006 year for each disclosed executive is as follows: R Edgar – $702,427; 

E Funke Kupper – $2,229,912; B Hartzer – $752,596; G Hodges – $1,315,093; P Hodgson – $602,079; P Marriott – $1,952,942; S Targett – $752,607.

Remuneration Report  33

F9. OPTION VALUATIONS

Option type

Grant date

Option 
value1
$

Exercise price
(5 day VWAP)
$

Share price
at grant
$

Performance Rights
Performance Rights

18-Nov-05
24-Oct-06

11.64
13.08

–
–

24.05
28.15

ANZ
expected
volatility2
%

15.00
15.00

Option 
term
(years)

5
5

Vesting
 period
(years)

Expected 
life
(years)

3
3

4
4

Expected
dividend
yield3
%

5.00
4.80

Risk free
interest
rate4
%

5.31
6.00

1  PricewaterhouseCoopers and Mercer Finance & Risk Consulting independently valued these options. In accordance with AASB 2 the valuation model takes into account a range of factors to 
determine the value of a Performance Right such as the life of the Rights, the probability of vesting, the price of the underlying shares at grant, expected volatility of the share price and the 
dividends expected on the shares.

2  Expected volatility represents a measure of the amount by which ANZ’s share price is expected to fluctuate over the life of the options. The measure of volatility used in the model is the 

annualised standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the historical share price over a defined period of time preceding the date of grant. This historical average 
annualised volatility is then used to estimate a reasonable expected volatility over the expected life of the options.

3  In estimating the fair value of the ANZ option grant, expected dividends were included in the application of the model. The expected dividend yield applied to the model was based on an 

analysis of ANZ’s historical dividend payments and yields.

4  The risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield currently available on zero-coupon bonds issued by the Australian government, with a remaining term equal to the expected life of 

ANZ’s options.

hurdles also pertain to the options granted 
to the CEO during the year: 

1. Half the options may only be exercised 
once ANZ’s TSR exceeds the percentage 
change in the S&P/ASX 200 Banks (Industry 
Group) Accumulation Index, measured over 
the same period (since issue) and calculated 
as at the last trading day of any month (once 
the exercise period has commenced); and 

2. The other half of hurdled options may 
only be exercised once the ANZ TSR exceeds 
the percentage change in the S&P/ASX 100 
Accumulation Index, measured over the same 
period (since issue) and calculated as at 
the last trading day of any month (once the 
exercise period has commenced). 

Index-linked options (Granted from October 
2002 to May 2003)
Index-linked options have a dynamic 
exercise price that acts as a built-in 
performance hurdle, i.e. the exercise price 
is adjusted in line with the movement in 
the S&P/ASX 200 Banks (Industry Group) 
Accumulation Index (excluding ANZ). As an 
additional constraint, the adjusted exercise 
price can only be set at or above the original 
exercise price. They are exercisable between 
the 3rd and 7th year after grant date, subject 
to the adjusted exercise price being above 
the prevailing share price.

F10. LEGACY LONG TERM 
INCENTIVE (LTI) PROGRAMS

F10.1 Options (Granted prior to 
October 2005) 

Each option has the following features:
  An exercise price (or for index-linked 
options, the original exercise price) that 
is set equal to the weighted average sale 
price of all fully paid ordinary shares in the 
Company sold on the Australian Securities 
Exchange during the 1 week prior to and 
including the date of grant;
  A maximum life of 7 years and an exercise 
period that commences 3 years after the 
date of grant, subject to performance hurdles 
being met. Options are re-tested monthly 
(if required) after the commencement of the 
exercise period;
  Upon exercise, each option entitles the 
option-holder to one ordinary share;
  In case of resignation or termination on 
notice or dismissal for misconduct: options 
are forfeited;
  In case of redundancy: options are pro-
rated and a grace period is provided in which 
to exercise the remaining options (with 
hurdles waived, if applicable);
  In case of retirement, death or total & 
permanent disablement: a grace period is 
provided in which to exercise all options 
(with hurdles waived, if applicable); and
  Performance hurdles, which are explained 
below for each type of option.

Hurdled Options (Hurdled B) (Granted 
November 2004)
In November 2004 hurdled options were 
granted with a relative TSR performance 
hurdle attached.

The proportion of options that become 
exercisable will depend upon the TSR 
achieved by ANZ relative to the companies 
in the comparator group shown below. 
Performance equal to the median TSR of 
the comparator group will result in half the 
options becoming exercisable. Performance 
above median will result in further options 
becoming exercisable, increasing on a 
straight-line basis until all of the options 
become exercisable where ANZ’s TSR is 
at or above the 75th percentile in the 
comparator group.

Comparator Group
AMP Limited

AXA Asia Pacifi c Holdings Limited 

Commonwealth Bank of Australia 

Insurance Australia Group Limited

Macquarie Bank Limited 

National Australia Bank Limited

QBE Insurance Group Limited 

St George Bank Limited 

Suncorp-Metway Limited  

Westpac Banking Corporation  

Hurdled Options (Hurdled A) (Granted to 
Executives from February 2000 until July 
2002, and from November 2003 until May 
2004. Granted to CEO from December 2001 
until December 2004)
Until May 2004, hurdled options were granted 
to executives with the following performance 
hurdles attached. The following performance 

34  ANZ Annual Report 2007

F10.2 Deferred Shares (Granted from 
February 2000)

Deferred Shares granted under the LTI 
arrangements were designed to reward 
executives for superior growth whilst also 
encouraging executive retention and an 
increase in the Company’s share price.

  Shares are subject to a time-based vesting 
hurdle of 3 years, during which time they are 
held in trust; 
  During the deferral period, the employee is 
entitled to any dividends paid on the shares; 
  Shares issued under this plan may be held 
in trust for up to 10 years; 
  The value used to determine the number of 
LTI deferred shares to be allocated has been 
based on the volume weighted average price 
of the shares traded on the ASX in the week 
leading up to and including the date of issue; 
  In case of resignation or termination on 
notice or dismissal for misconduct: LTI shares 
are forfeited; 
  In case of redundancy: the number of 
LTI shares that are released is pro-rated 
according to the time held as a proportion 
of the vesting period; and 
  In case of retirement, death or total & 
permanent disablement: LTI shares are 
released to executives. 

Deferred Shares no longer form part of 
the executive remuneration program 
detailed in section C, however there may 
be circumstances (such as retention) where 
this type of equity (including Deferred Share 
Rights) will be issued.

F10.3 Performance Shares (Granted 
December 2004 to CEO)
In December 2004 Performance Shares were 
granted to the CEO of ANZ with a relative TSR 
performance hurdle attached. The proportion 
of shares that vest will depend upon the TSR 
achieved by ANZ relative to the companies 
in the comparator group shown below. 
Performance equal to the median TSR of 
the comparator group will result in half the 
Performance Shares becoming exercisable. 
Performance above median will result in 
further Performance Shares becoming 
exercisable, increasing on a straight-line basis 
until all of the Performance Shares become 
exercisable where ANZ’s TSR is at or above 
the 75th percentile in the comparator group. 

No dividends will be payable on the shares 
until they vest, with the earliest possible 
vesting date being 31 December 2006.

Comparator Group
AMP Limited
AXA Asia Pacifi c Holdings Limited 
Commonwealth Bank of Australia 
Insurance Australia Group Limited
Macquarie Bank Limited 
National Australia Bank Limited
QBE Insurance Group Limited 
St George Bank Limited 
Suncorp-Metway Limited  
Westpac Banking Corporation

COPY OF THE AUDITOR’S INDEPENDENCE 
DECLARATION

Lead Auditor’s Independence Declaration 
under Section 307C of the Corporations 
Act 2001
To: the directors of Australia and New Zealand 
Banking Group Limited

I declare that, to the best of my knowledge 
and belief, in relation to the audit for the 
fi nancial year ended 30 September 2007 
there have been:

i) no contraventions of the auditor 
independence requirements as set out in the 
Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the audit; 
and

ii) no contraventions of any applicable code of 
professional conduct in relation to the audit.

KPMG 
Melbourne 

Michelle Hinchliffe
Partner

7 November 2007

Signed in accordance with a resolution 
of the directors

Charles Goode 
Chairman 

Michael R P Smith
Director

7 November 2007

Remuneration Report  35

 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
A SOLID FOUNDATION AT ANZ

This report sets out ANZ’s annual statement on its corporate governance framework. Further details and copies/summaries
 of relevant documents are contained on anz.com > about ANZ > Corporate Governance, including how ANZ has applied the 
ASX Governance Principles (see below).

ANZ’s Board is responsible to shareholders 
for the strategic guidance and oversight 
of the Company as set out in its publicly 
available Charter. The Board recognises its 
overriding responsibility to act honestly, 
fairly, and diligently, in accordance with 
the law, in building sustainable value for 
shareholders while acknowledging ANZ’s 
shareholders, people, customers and 
the communities in which it operates as 
important stakeholders in an integrated 
and responsible approach to business.

Corporate governance is an important 
issue for ANZ and so receives close 
scrutiny from the Governance Committee 
which reports regularly to the Board. The 
Board considers that a comprehensive 
corporate governance framework provides 
ANZ with a strong commercial advantage 
– it enables the Board and ANZ to achieve 
ethical and stewardship obligations and 
at the same time facilitates the making of 
effective and timely decisions. 

In relation to governance, the Board seeks to:
   embrace principles and practices 
it considers to be best practice 
internationally;
   be an ‘early adopter’, where possible, 
by complying before a published law or 
recommendation takes effect; and 
   take an active role in discussions 
regarding the development of corporate 
governance best practice and associated 
regulation in Australia and overseas.

COMPLIANCE WITH CORPORATE 
GOVERNANCE CODES 
ANZ has equity securities listed on the 
Australian (ASX) and New Zealand (NZX) 
Securities Exchanges and has debt 
securities listed on these and other 
overseas Securities Exchanges. As such, 
ANZ must comply with a range of listing and 
corporate governance requirements from 
both Australia and overseas.

36  ANZ Annual Report 2007

AUSTRALIA
As a company listed on the ASX, ANZ is 
required to disclose how it has applied 
the Recommendations contained within 
the ASX Corporate Governance Council’s 
Principles of Good Corporate Governance 
and Best Practice Recommendations (ASX 
Governance Principles) during the fi nancial 
year, explaining any departures from 
them. In August 2007, the ASX Corporate 
Governance Council issued a revised version 
of the ASX Governance Principles which 
will be effective in respect of ANZ’s 2009 
reporting period.

ANZ actively contributed to the 
development of the revised ASX Governance 
Principles and is supportive of the “if 
not, why not” disclosure approach to 
governance enshrined within both the 
current and revised ASX Governance 
Principles. ANZ has complied with each 
of the Recommendations contained 
within the current ASX Governance 
Principles throughout the fi nancial year, 
and also complies with each of the 
Recommendations contained within the 
revised ASX Governance Principles.

NEW ZEALAND
As an overseas listed issuer on the NZX, 
ANZ is deemed to comply with the NZX 
Listing Rules provided that it remains listed 
on the ASX, complies with the ASX listing 
rules and provides the NZX with all the 
information and notices that it provides 
to the ASX. ANZ has complied with these 
requirements during the fi nancial year. 

The ASX Governance Principles differ from 
the NZX’s corporate governance rules 
and the principles of the NZX’s Corporate 
Governance Best Practice Code. More 
information about the corporate governance 
rules and principles of the ASX can be found 
at www.asx.com and, in respect of the NZX, 
at www.nzx.com. 

Irrespective of any differences, ANZ 
complies with all applicable governance 
principles and requirements both in 
Australia and New Zealand.

OTHER JURISDICTIONS
United States of America – ANZ delisted its 
American Depositary Receipts from the New 
York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in July 2007, 
and subsequently deregistered from the 
US Securities and Exchange Commission. 
As a result, ANZ is no longer required to 
comply with certain corporate governance 
requirements contained in US securities 
laws, including applicable sections of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and applicable 
NYSE Listing Standards. While these steps 
were taken to reduce administrative burdens 
and costs, ANZ continues to be committed 
to best practice in preparing its fi nancial 
statements. ANZ will maintain the strong 
control and fi nancial goverance frameworks 
established under Sarbanes-Oxley 
compliance, tailoring them to the Group’s 
specifi c processes and procedures. 

ANZ also monitors best practice 
developments in corporate governance 
across other relevant jurisdictions including 
the US.

WEBSITE
Full details of the location of the references 
in this statement (and elsewhere in the 
Annual Report) which specifi cally set out 
how ANZ applies each Recommendation 
of both the current and revised ASX 
Governance Principles are contained on 
www.anz.com > about ANZ > Corporate 
Governance. 

This section of ANZ’s website also contains 
copies of all the charters and summaries 
of many of the documents and policies 
mentioned in this report, as well as 
summaries of other ANZ policies of interest 
to shareholders and stakeholders. The 
website is regularly updated to ensure 
it refl ects ANZ’s most recent corporate 
governance information.

DIRECTORS

Mr C B Goode, AC

B COM (HONS), MBA, HON LLD (MELB), HON LLD (MONASH)

Non-executive director since July 1991. 
Mr Goode was appointed Chairman in 
August 1995 and is an ex-offi cio member 
of all Board Committees. 

Skills, experience and expertise
Mr Goode has a background in the fi nance 
and resources industries and has been a 
professional non-executive director since 
1989. Mr Goode brings a wide range of skills 
and signifi cant experience of the fi nance 
industry to his role as Chairman of the Board.

Chairman, Independent Non-Executive Director

Current Directorships
Chairman: Australian United Investment 
Company Limited (Director from 1990), 
Diversifi ed United Investment Limited 
(Director from 1991), and The Ian Potter 
Foundation Ltd (Director from 1987).
Member: International Council of the 
Asia Society (from 2000), Asia Society 
Australasia Centre (from 2003), AsiaLink 
Council (from 2002) and The Global 
Foundation (from 1999).

Former Directorships include
Former Chairman: Woodside Petroleum 
Limited (Director 1988-2007, Chairman 
1999-2007).
Former President: Howard Florey Institute 
of Experimental Physiology and Medicine 
(Director 1987-2006, President 1997-2004).
Former Director: Singapore Airlines Limited 
(1999-2006).

Age 69. Residence Melbourne.

Mr M R P Smith, OBE

Chief Executive Offi cer, Executive Director

BSC (HONS)

Chief Executive Offi cer since 1 October 2007.

Skills, experience and expertise
Mr Smith is an international banker with 29 
years experience in banking operations in 
Asia, Australia and internationally. Until June 
2007, he was President and Chief Executive 
Offi cer, The Hongkong and Shanghai 
Banking Corporation Limited, Chairman, 
Hang Seng Bank Limited, Global Head of 
Commercial Banking for the HSBC Group and 
Chairman, HSBC Bank Malaysia Berhad. 
Previously, Mr Smith was Chief Executive 
Offi cer of HSBC Argentina Holdings SA. 

Mr Smith joined the HSBC Group in 1978 
and during his international career he has 
held a wide variety of roles in Commercial, 
Institutional and Investment Banking, 
Planning and Strategy, Operations and 
General Management. 

Current Directorships
Director: ANZ National Bank Limited 
(from 2007).
Member: Chongqing Mayor’s International 
Economic Advisory Council (from 2006). 
Fellow: The Hong Kong Management 
Association (from 2005).

Former Directorships include
Former Chairman: HSBC Bank Malaysia 
Berhad (2004-2007) and Hang Seng Bank 
Limited (2005-2007).
Former CEO and Director: The Hong Kong 
and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited 
(2004-2007).
Former Director: HSBC Australia Limited 
(2004-2007), HSBC Finance Corporation 
(2006-2007) and HSBC Bank (China) 
Company Limited (2007).
Former Board Member: Visa International 
Asia Pacifi c (2005-2007).

Age 51. Residence Melbourne.

Dr G J Clark

Independent Non-Executive Director, Chairman of the Technology Committee

BSC (HONS), PHD, FAPS, FTSE

Non-executive director since February 2004. 
Dr Clark is a member of the Governance 
Committee.

Skills, experience and expertise
Dr Clark is Principal of Clark Capital Partners, 
a US-based fi rm that advises internationally 
on technology and the technology market 
place. Previously he held senior executive 
positions in IBM, News Corporation, and Loral 

Space and Communications. He brings to the 
Board international business experience and 
a distinguished career in micro-electronics, 
computing and communications.

Former Directorships include
Former Director: James Hardie Industries NV 
(2002-2006) and Acton Semiconductor 
Pty Limited (2001-2005).

Current Directorships
Chairman: GPM Classifi ed Directories 
(from 2007).
Director: Babcock & Brown Capital Limited 
(from 2006) and KaComm Communications 
Pty Ltd (from 2006).

Age 64. Residence based in New York, 
United States of America but also resides 
in Sydney.

Corporate Governance  37

Mr J K Ellis

Independent Non-Executive Director

MA, FAICD, HON FIE AUST, FAUS IMM, 
FTSE, HON DR ENG (CQU)

Non-executive director since October 1995. 
Mr Ellis is a member of the Audit Committee 
and the Technology Committee.

Skills, experience and expertise
Mr Ellis brings to the Board his analytical 
skills together with his practical 
understanding of operational issues, 
investments and acquisitions arising from 
his involvement across a range of sectors 
including natural resources, manufacturing, 
biotechnology and education.

Current Directorships
Chairman: Future Directions International 
Pty Ltd (Director from 2003), Landcare 
Australia Limited (from 2004), Golf Australia 
(from 2005), and the Earth Resources 
Development Council (from 2006).
Chancellor: Monash University (from 1999).
Member: Pacifi c Road Corporate Finance 
Pty Limited Advisory Board (from 2002), 
The Sentient Group Advisory Council 
(from 2001) and Anglo American plc’s 
Australian Advisory Board (from 2006).

Former Directorships include
Former Chairman: The Broken Hill 
Proprietary Company Limited (Director 
1991-1999, Chairman 1997-1999), Pacifi ca 
Group Limited (Chairman and Director 
1999-2007), Black Range Minerals Limited 
(Chairman and Director 2000-2004), 
Australia–Japan Foundation (1999-2005) 
and National Occupational Health & Safety 
Commission (2003-2005).
Former Director: GroPep Limited (2000-2005).
Age 70. Residence Melbourne.

Ms M A Jackson, AC

Independent Non-Executive Director, Chairman of the People Committee

BEC, MBA, HON LLD (MONASH), FAICD, FCA

Non-executive director since March 1994. 
Ms Jackson is a member of the Audit 
Committee.

Skills, experience and expertise
A Chartered Accountant, with signifi cant 
fi nancial expertise, Ms Jackson has broad 
industrial and commercial experience 
including her involvement in transportation, 
mining, the media, manufacturing and 
insurance. This expertise coupled with her 
work in health and education contribute to 
her role on the Board.

Current Directorships
Chairman: Qantas Airways Limited (Director 
from 1992), FlexiGroup Limited (from 2006) 
and Asia Pacifi c Business Coalition on HIV/
AIDS (from 2006).
President: Australian Volunteers International 
(from 2006).
Director: Billabong International Limited 
(from 2000), Florey Neuroscience Institutes 
(from 2007) and Australian Tissue 
Engineering Centre (from 2006).

Former Directorships include
Former Deputy Chairman: Southcorp Limited 
(Deputy Chairman and Director 2004-2005).
Former Co-Chairman: Australia NZ 
Leadership Forum (2003-2006).
Former Director: John Fairfax Holdings 
Limited (2003-2004) and Howard Florey 
Institute of Experimental Physiology and 
Medicine (1998-2006). 
Former Partner: Consulting Division of KPMG 
Peat Marwick (1991-1992).
Age 54. Residence Melbourne.

Mr I J Macfarlane, AC

Independent Non-Executive Director, Chairman of the Governance Committee

BEC (HONS), MEC, HON DSC (SYD), HON DCOM (MELB), 
HON DLITT (MACQ), HON LLD (MONASH)

Non-executive director since February 2007. 
Mr Macfarlane is a member of the Risk 
Committee and the Technology Committee.

Skills, experience and expertise
During his 28 year career at the Reserve 
Bank of Australia including a 10 year 
term as Governor, Mr Macfarlane made a 
signifi cant contribution to economic policy 

in Australia and internationally. He has a 
deep understanding of fi nancial markets as 
well as a long involvement with Asia.

Current Directorships
Director: Woolworths Limited (from 2007), 
Leighton Holdings Limited (from 2007), and 
the Lowy Institute for International Policy 
(from 2004).
Member: International Advisory Board of 
Goldman Sachs International (from 2007).

Former Directorships include
Former Chairman: Payments System Board 
(1998-2006), Australian Council of Financial 
Regulators (1998-2006), and Financial 
Markets Foundation for Children (1996-2006).
Former Governor: Reserve Bank of Australia 
(Member 1992-2006, Chairman 1996-2006).

Age 61. Residence Sydney.

38  ANZ Annual Report 2007
38  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Mr D E Meiklejohn

Independent Non-Executive Director, Chairman of the Audit Committee

B COM, DIP ED, FCPA, FAICD, FAIM

Non-executive director since October 2004. 
Mr Meiklejohn is a member of the Governance 
Committee and the Risk Committee.

Skills, experience and expertise
Mr Meiklejohn has a strong background in 
fi nance and accounting. He also brings to 
the Board his experience across a number of 
directorships of major Australian companies 
spanning a range of industries. 

Current Directorships
Chairman: PaperlinX Limited (Director from 
1999).
Director: Coca Cola Amatil Limited (from 
2005) and Mirrabooka Investments Limited 
(from 2006). 
President: Melbourne Cricket Club 
(Committee member from 1987).

Former Directorships include
Former Chairman: SPC Ardmona Limited 
(Chairman and Director 2002-2005). 

Former Deputy Chairman: GasNet Australia 
Limited (Deputy Chairman and Director 
2001-2004). 
Former Director: WMC Resources Limited 
(2002-2005) and OneSteel Limited 
(2000-2005). Director and Chief Financial 
Offi cer Amcor Limited (1985-2000).

Age 65. Residence Melbourne.

Mr J P Morschel

DIPQS, FAIM

Non-executive director since October 2004. 
Mr Morschel is a member of the People 
Committee.

Skills, experience and expertise
Mr Morschel has a strong background in 
banking, fi nancial services and property and 
brings the experience of being a Chairman 
and Director of major Australian and 
international companies.

BOARD RESPONSIBILITY AND 
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
The Board is chaired by an independent 
non-executive Director. The roles of the 
Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer are 
separate, and the Chief Executive Offi cer is 
the only executive Director on the Board.

ROLE OF THE CHAIRMAN
The Chairman plays an important leadership 
role and is involved in:
   chairing meetings of the Board and 
providing effective leadership to it;
   monitoring the performance of the Board 
(including overseeing the process) and 
the mix of skills and effectiveness of 
individual contributions; 
   being a member of all principal Board 
Committees;
   maintaining ongoing dialogue with the 
Chief Executive Offi cer and providing 
appropriate mentoring and guidance; and

Independent Non-Executive Director, Chairman of the Risk Committee

Current Directorships
Director: Singapore Telecommunications 
Limited (from 2001), Tenix Pty Limited (from 
1998) and Gifford Communications Pty 
Limited (from 2000).

Former Directorships include
Former Chairman: Rinker Group Limited 
(Chairman and Director 2003-2007) and 
Leighton Holdings Limited (Chairman and 
Director 2001-2004).

Former Director: Rio Tinto Plc (1998-2005), 
Rio Tinto Limited (1998-2005), Westpac 
Banking Corporation (1993-2001) and Lend 
Lease Corporation Limited (1983-1995).

Age 64. Residence Sydney.

   being a respected ambassador for 
ANZ, including chairing meetings of 
shareholders and dealing with key 
customer, political and regulatory parties.

BOARD CHARTER
The Board Charter clearly sets out the 
Board’s purpose, powers, and specifi c 
responsibilities. 

The Board is responsible for:
   charting the direction, strategies 
and fi nancial objectives for ANZ and 
monitoring the implementation of 
those policies, strategies and fi nancial 
objectives;
   monitoring compliance with regulatory 
requirements, ethical standards and 
external commitments; and
    appointing and reviewing the performance 
of the Chief Executive Offi cer.

In addition to the above and any matters 
expressly required by law to be approved by 
the Board, powers specifi cally reserved for 
the Board include:
   approval of appointment of Senior 
Executives to roles leading ANZ 
businesses or functions and reporting 
to the Chief Executive Offi cer;
   any matters in excess of any discretions 
delegated to the Chief Executive Offi cer 
and senior management; 
   annual approval of the budget and 
strategic plan;
   annual approval of the remuneration 
and conditions of service for any 
executive Directors, direct reports to 
the Chief Executive Offi cer and other 
key executives;
   signifi cant changes to organisational 
structure;
   the acquisition, establishment, disposal 
or cessation of any signifi cant business;

Corporate Governance  39

   the issue of ANZ shares or other ANZ 
equity securities;
   any public statements which refl ect 
signifi cant issues of ANZ policy or 
strategy; and
   any changes to the discretions delegated 
from the Board.

The Board may delegate any of its powers 
and responsibilities to Committees of the 
Board (see pages 43 to 45).

Key 2007 fi nancial year highlights included:

   Appointment of the new Chief Executive 
Offi cer following a global search.
   Appointment of Mr I J Macfarlane as an 
independent non-executive Director.
   ANZ ranked the most sustainable bank 
globally in the Dow Jones Sustainability 
Index.
   ANZ named 2007 Money magazine Bank 
of the Year.
   Establishing a new Asia Pacifi c Division 
and fi nalising a number of international 
partnerships.
   Overseeing the ETrade Australia 
acquisition.

BOARD MEETINGS
The Board normally meets at least 8 times 
each year, including an offsite strategy meeting.

Typically at Board meetings the agenda will 
include:
   minutes of the previous meeting, and 
outstanding issues raised by Directors at 
previous meetings;
  the Chief Executive Offi cer’s report;
  the Chief Financial Offi cer’s report;
  Divisional Executive reports;
  specifi c business proposals;
   reports from Chairs of Committees which 
have met since the last Board meeting on 
matters considered at those meetings; and
   for review, the minutes of Committee 
meetings which have occurred since the 
last Board meeting.

There are two private sessions held at 
the end of each Board meeting which are 
chaired by the Chairman of the Board. 
The fi rst involves all Directors including 
the CEO, and the second involves only the 
non-executive Directors.

On a revolving basis, a Director is appointed 
at each Board meeting to formally critique 
the meeting and this critique is presented at 
the end of the meeting and is minuted. 

40  ANZ Annual Report 2007

The Chief Financial Offi cer usually also 
attends all Board meetings. The Senior 
Managing Director, Divisional Heads and 
other members of Senior Management 
attend Board meetings when an issue 
under their areas of responsibility is being 
considered or as otherwise requested 
by the Board.

CEO AND DELEGATION TO 
MANAGEMENT
The Board delegates to the Chief Executive 
Offi cer, and through the Chief Executive 
Offi cer to other senior management, the 
authority and responsibility for managing 
the everyday affairs of ANZ. The Board 
monitors management and performance 
on behalf of shareholders.

The Group Discretions Policy details the 
comprehensive discretions framework 
that applies within ANZ and to employees 
appointed to operational roles or 
directorships of related entities. 

The Group Discretions Policy is maintained 
by the Chief Financial Offi cer and reviewed 
annually by the Audit Committee with the 
outcome of this review reported to the Board.

BOARD COMPOSITION, SELECTION 
AND APPOINTMENT
The Board strives to achieve a balance of 
skills, knowledge, experience, tenure and 
perspective among its Directors. Details 
regarding the skills, experience and 
expertise of each Director in offi ce at the 
date of this Annual Report can be found 
on pages 37 to 39.

The Governance Committee (see page 44) 
has been delegated responsibility for the 
director nomination process. The Committee 
regularly reviews the size and composition 
of the Board and Board Committees and 
assesses whether there is a need for any 
new non-executive Director appointments. 
Nominations may be provided from time 
to time to the Chairman of the Governance 
Committee. The Committee also reviews and 
recommends the process for the election 
of the Chairman of the Board and reviews 
succession planning for the Chairman of 
the Board, making recommendations to the 
Board as appropriate.

The Committee assesses potential 
candidates against Board approved 
selection criteria including integrity, 
fi tness and propriety, skills, qualifi cations, 
experience, communication capabilities 

and community standing. If found 
suitable, and where there is a need for 
any new appointments, candidates are 
recommended to the Board. Otherwise, 
the Chairman of the Committee maintains 
names of suitable candidates for succession 
purposes. The Chairman of the Board is 
responsible for approaching potential 
candidates. During the course of the year, 
this process was formalised in a new Board 
Renewal and Performance Evaluation Policy.

Each new non-executive Director receives an 
appointment letter accompanied by: 

   Directors’ Handbook – The Handbook 
includes information on a broad range 
of matters relating to the role of a Director, 
including details of all applicable policies. 
   Directors’ Deed – Each Director signs 
a Deed in the form approved by 
shareholders at the 2005 Annual 
General Meeting which covers a 
number of issues including indemnity, 
directors’ and offi cers’ liability 
insurance, the right to obtain independent 
advice and requirements concerning 
confi dential information.

UNDERTAKING INDUCTION TRAINING 

Every new Director takes part in a formal 
induction program which involves the 
provision of information regarding ANZ’s 
values and culture, the Group’s governance 
framework, the Directors’ Code of Conduct 
and Director related policies, Board and 
Committee policies, processes and key 
issues, fi nancial management and business 
operations, and is briefed individually 
by senior management about matters 
concerning their area of responsibility.

MEETING SHARE QUALIFICATION 

Non-executive Directors are required to 
accumulate within 5 years of appointment, 
and thereafter maintain, a holding in ANZ 
shares that is equivalent to at least 100% 
of a non-executive Director’s base fee 
(and 200% of this fee in the case of the 
Chairman).

ELECTION AT NEXT ANNUAL GENERAL 
MEETING

Subject to the provisions of ANZ’s 
Constitution and the Corporations Act 
2001, the Board may appoint a person as 
a non-executive Director of ANZ at any time 
but that person must retire, and may seek 
election by shareholders, at the next Annual 
General Meeting.

FIT AND PROPER
ANZ has an effective and robust framework 
in place to ensure that individuals 
appointed to relevant senior positions 
within the Group have the appropriate 
fi tness and propriety to properly discharge 
their prudential responsibilities both on 
appointment and throughout the course of 
their appointment.

The framework, set out in ANZ’s Fit and 
Proper Policy, addresses the requirements
of APRA’s Fit and Proper Prudential 
Standard. It involves assessments being 
carried out for each Director, relevant senior 
executive and the external auditor prior 
to a new appointment being made. These 
assessments are carried out against a 
benchmark of documented competencies 
which have been prepared for each 
role, and also involve attestations being 
completed by each individual, as well 
as the obtaining of evidence of material 
qualifi cations and the carrying out of checks 
such as criminal record, bankruptcy and 
regulatory disqualifi cation checks.

These assessments are reviewed thereafter 
on an annual basis.

The Governance Committee and the Board 
have responsibility for assessing the fi tness 
and propriety of non-executive Directors. 
The People Committee is responsible 
for assessing the fi tness and propriety 
of the Chief Executive Offi cer and key 
senior executives. The Audit Committee is 
responsible for assessing the fi tness and 
propriety of the external auditor.

INDEPENDENCE AND MATERIALITY
Under ANZ’s Board Charter, the Board 
must contain a majority of non-executive 
Directors who satisfy ANZ’s criteria for 
independence. The Board Charter sets out 
independence criteria in order to establish 
whether a non-executive Director may 
have a relationship with ANZ which could 
(or could be perceived to) impede their 
decision-making.

All non-executive Directors are required to 
notify the Chairman of a potential change 
in their outside Board appointments. 
The Chairman reviews the proposed 
appointments and will consult with other 
Directors as the Chairman deems appropriate.

In the 2007 fi nancial year, the Board 
conducted its annual review of criteria for 
independence against international best 
practices including the ASX Governance 

Principles, NZX and NYSE Corporate 
Governance Standards, and the US 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

ANZ’s criteria are more comprehensive than 
those set in most jurisdictions including 
criteria stipulated specifi cally for audit 
committee members. The criteria and review 
process are both set out in the Corporate 
Governance section of ANZ’s website. 
In summary, a relationship with ANZ is 
regarded as material if a reasonable person 
would expect there to be a real and sensible 
possibility that it would infl uence 
a Director’s mind in:
   making decisions on matters likely to 
come regularly before the Board or its 
Committees;
   objectively assessing information and 
advice given by management;
   setting policy for general application 
across ANZ; and 
   generally, carrying out the performance 
of his or her role as a Director.

During 2007, the Board considered each 
non-executive Director’s independence and 
concluded that the independence criteria 
were met by each non-executive Director.

The Board noted a corporate customer/
supplier relationship associated with one 
non-executive Director as follows:

Ms Jackson is Chairman of Qantas Airways 
Limited. ANZ has commercial relationships 
with Qantas as a partner in the co-branded 
ANZ Frequent Flyer Visa Cards, and ANZ also 
acquires travel services from Qantas. 

The Board concluded that having regard 
to the nature and value of the commercial 
relationship and the materiality criteria 
described above, Ms Jackson remains 
independent.

Directors’ biographies on pages 37 to 
39 and on anz.com highlight their major 
associations outside of ANZ.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Over and above the issue of independence, 
each Director has a continuing responsibility 
to determine whether he or she has a 
potential or actual confl ict of interest in 
relation to any material matter which comes 
before the Board. Such a situation may arise 
from external associations, interests or 
personal relationships. 

Under the Directors Disclosure of Interest 
Policy and Policy for Handling Confl icts of 

Interest, a Director may not exercise any 
infl uence over the Board if a potential 
confl ict of interest exists. In such 
circumstances, the Director may not receive 
relevant Board papers and, unless the other 
Directors have resolved to the contrary, may 
not be present for Board deliberations on 
the subject, and may not vote on any 
related Board resolutions. These matters, 
should they occur, are recorded in the 
Board minutes.

INDEPENDENT ADVICE
In order to assist Directors in fulfi lling their 
responsibilities, each Director has the right 
(with the prior approval of the Chairman) 
to seek independent professional advice 
regarding his/her responsibilities at the 
expense of ANZ. In addition, the Board and 
each Committee, at the expense of ANZ, 
may obtain whatever professional advice 
it requires to assist in its work. 

TENURE AND RETIREMENT
ANZ’s Constitution provides that an election 
of Directors must be held at each Annual 
General Meeting. Each non-executive 
Director must retire from offi ce at the third 
Annual General Meeting after being elected 
or last re-elected, and may seek re-election. 
A new Director appointee must stand for 
election at the fi rst Annual General Meeting 
after their appointment. These requirements 
do not apply to the Chief Executive Offi cer, 
whose appointment is a matter for the 
Board. 

In the opinion of the Board, the length of 
service of a non-executive Director is not an 
automatic disabling criterion affecting that 
Director’s independence. 

It is Board policy that the majority of the 
non-executive Directors will have served 
less than 9 years, except in circumstances 
of an even number of non-executive 
Directors in which case it will be fi fty percent 
or more. The Board maintains that having 
some Board members with a length of 
service greater than 9 years is benefi cial in 
complex organisations that are subject to 
signifi cant economic cycles.

It is also Board policy that Directors 
appointed since July 1993 will, except in 
unusual circumstances, retire after 15 years 
of service as a Director of ANZ.

During the 2007 fi nancial year, Mr David 
Gonski (June 2007) and Mr John McFarlane 
(September 2007) retired from the Board as 
an independent non-executive Director and 

Corporate Governance  41

executive Director respectively. In addition, 
Mr Ian Macfarlane (February 2007) and Mr 
Michael Smith (October 2007) joined the 
Board as an independent non-executive 
Director and executive Director respectively.

CONTINUING EDUCATION
ANZ Directors take part in a range of training 
and continuing education programs. In 
addition to a formal induction program (see 
page 40), Directors also receive a quarterly 
newsletter designed to keep them abreast 
of matters relating to their duties and 
responsibilities as Directors.

Each Committee also conducts its own 
continuing education sessions from time 
to time as appropriate. Internal and/or 
external experts are engaged to conduct 
all education sessions.

Directors also receive regular Divisional 
briefi ngs at Board meetings. These briefi ngs 
provide Directors with an insight into 
each area of ANZ’s business, in particular, 
performance, key issues, risks and 
strategies for growth. In addition, Directors 
participate in site visits from time to time 
which provide them with the opportunity to 
meet with staff and customers.

ACCESS TO DIRECTORS
Management is able to consult Directors as 
required on a regular basis. Employees have 
access to the Directors directly or through 
the Company Secretary. Shareholders who 
wish to communicate with the Directors 
may direct correspondence to a particular 
Director, or to the non-executive Directors 
as a whole.

ROLE OF COMPANY SECRETARY
The Board is responsible for the 
appointment of ANZ’s Company Secretaries. 

The Board has appointed three Company 
Secretaries.

The Group General Counsel and Company 
Secretary is normally in attendance at 
all Board and Committee meetings, and 
prepares minutes and provides legal advice 
to the Board as and when required. He 
works closely with the Chairman of the 
Governance Committee to develop and 
maintain ANZ’s corporate governance 
principles, and is responsible to the Board 
for the Company Secretary’s Offi ce function.

42  ANZ Annual Report 2007

The Company Secretary is responsible for 
the day-to-day operations of the Company 
Secretary’s Offi ce including lodgements 
with relevant securities exchanges and 
other regulators, the administration of 
Board and Board Committee meetings, the 
management of dividend payments and 
associated share plans, the administration 
of the Group’s Australian subsidiaries and 
oversight of the relationship with ANZ’s 
Share Registrar. 

The Chief Financial Offi cer is also appointed 
as a Company Secretary. Profi les of ANZ’s 
Company Secretaries can be found in the 
Directors’ Report on page 11.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONS
Performance evaluations covering the 
Board, each non-executive Director and 
each principal Board Committee are 
conducted annually, with the process set 
out in the Board Renewal and Performance 
Evaluation Policy approved by the 
Governance Committee and described 
below. The process and all associated 
documentation are reviewed by an 
independent third party.

Details of how the performance evaluation 
process is undertaken in respect of the 
Chief Executive Offi cer (by the Board) 
and other key senior executives (by 
the People Committee), including how 
fi nancial, operational and qualitative 
measures are assessed, are set out in the 
Remuneration Report commencing on page 
14. Performance evaluations were carried 
out on this basis in respect of the 2006/07 
reporting period. 

BOARD, BOARD COMMITTEES 
AND INDIVIDUAL DIRECTORS
The framework used to assess the 
performance of Directors is based on the 
expectation they are performing their 
duties in a manner which should create 
and continue to build sustainable value for 
shareholders, and in accordance with the 
duties and obligations imposed upon them 
by ANZ’s Constitution and the law.

The performance criteria take into account 
each Director’s contribution to:
   the charting of direction, strategy and 
fi nancial objectives for ANZ;
   the monitoring of compliance with 
regulatory requirements and ethical 
standards;

   the monitoring and assessing of 
management performance in achieving 
strategies and budgets approved by 
the Board;
   the setting of criteria for, and evaluation 
of, the Chief Executive Offi cer’s 
performance; and
   the regular and continuing review of 
executive succession planning and 
executive development activities.

Board, Board Committee and non-executive 
Director performance evaluations are 
conducted in the following ways:

Annual review – On an annual basis, 
the Chairman has a one-on-one meeting 
with each Director specifi cally addressing 
the performance criteria. In addition, 
they discuss the effectiveness of the 
Board and related issues including the 
Board’s oversight and contribution to the 
Company, Board discussion (including the 
performance of the non-executive Directors 
and the Chairman), Board memberships, 
Committees, and other relevant issues 
including compliance with the Directors’ 
Code of Conduct. They also discuss the 
performance of the Board against its 
Charter and goals set for the year. A report 
is provided to the Governance Committee 
and the Board on the outcome of these 
meetings.

Board Committees – Board Committee 
performance self-evaluations are conducted 
annually to review performance against the 
Committee Charter and goals set for the 
year. The suitability of the Charter and any 
areas for improvement are also assessed. 
The review and stated objectives for the 
new fi nancial year are submitted to the 
Governance Committee (and to the Board in 
the case of the Governance Committee).

Questionnaires – On an annual basis, 
each Director is also asked to complete a 
questionnaire setting out their views on the 
roles and responsibilities of the Board, the 
Chairman and the Directors as well as the 
effectiveness and performance of the Board, 
the Chairman, the Board’s Committees 
and each Committee Chairman. The 
questionnaires are returned to the Chairman 
of the Governance Committee who presents 
the fi ndings to the Governance Committee 
and the Board.

The Board also seeks input from senior 
management in relation to the clarity of 
the respective roles of the Board and 
senior management, the effectiveness of 
their relationship, the level of information 
provided to the Board, and potential areas 
for process improvement. This input is 
collated by the Chairman of the Governance 
Committee and reported to the Governance 
Committee and the Board. 

Re-election statement – Directors when 
nominating for re-election may submit 
a written or oral statement to the Board 
setting out the reasons why they seek 
re-election. In the Director’s absence, the 
Board evaluates this statement and the 
Director’s performance (having regard to 
the performance criteria) and resolves 
whether to endorse the relevant Director’s 
re-election.

Evaluations in accordance with the above 
processes have been undertaken in respect 
of the 2006/07 reporting period.

BOARD COMMITTEES
ANZ’s Board has fi ve principal Board 
Committees: Audit Committee, Governance 
Committee, People Committee, Risk 
Committee and Technology Committee.

MEMBERSHIP AND ATTENDANCE
Each of the principal Board Committees 
is comprised solely of independent 
non-executive Directors, has its own 
Charter and has the power to initiate 
any special investigations it deems 
necessary. Committee membership 
is reviewed annually. 

Membership criteria are based on each 
Director’s skills and experience, as well as 
his/her ability to add value and commit 
time to the Committee. 

The Chairman is an ex-offi cio member of 
each principal Board Committee. The Chief 
Executive Offi cer is invited to attend Board 
Committee meetings as appropriate. His 
presence is not automatic, however, and 
he does not attend any meeting where his 
remuneration is considered or discussed, 
nor does he attend private sessions of 
Committees where they meet in the absence 
of management. Non-executive Directors 
may attend any meeting of any Committee.

Each Board Committee may, within 
the scope of its responsibilities, have 
unrestricted access to management, 
employees and information it considers 
relevant and necessary to carrying out 
its responsibilities under its Charter. 
Each Board Committee may require the 
attendance of any ANZ offi cer or employee, 
or request the attendance of any external 
party, at meetings as appropriate.

MEETINGS
The principal Board Committees plan 
their annual agenda following a process 
approved by the Board. The executives who 
are appointed to assist the Chairman of 
each Board Committee as a group, review 
the calendars of business prepared by 
each Committee to identify any potential 
gaps and unnecessary overlaps between 
the Committees. Any issues arising from 
this are reported to, and resolved by, the 
relevant Committee Chairmen. The results 
of this process are then reported to the 
Governance Committee to assist the Board 

in fulfi lling its oversight responsibilities in 
respect of the delegations it has made to 
the various Board Committees.

Committees report at the next Board 
meeting through the Committee Chairmen. 
When there is a cross-Committee item, the 
Committees will communicate with each 
other through their Chairmen. Throughout 
the year, Committee Chairmen also conduct 
agenda planning meetings involving 
relevant stakeholders to take account 
of emerging issues.

AUDIT COMMITTEE

The Audit Committee is responsible for 
oversight and monitoring of:
   ANZ’s fi nancial reporting principles and 
policies, controls and procedures;
   the work of Internal Audit which reports 
directly and solely to the Chairman of the 
Audit Committee (refer to Internal Audit 
on page 46 for more information);
   the Audit Committees of subsidiary 
companies such as ANZ National Bank 
Limited; and
   the integrity of ANZ’s fi nancial 
statements, compliance with regulatory 
requirements and the independent audit 
thereof.

The Audit Committee is also responsible for:
   the appointment, evaluation and 
oversight of the external auditor, 
including reviewing their independence 
and fi tness and propriety; 
   compensation of the external auditor; and
   where appropriate, replacement of the 
external auditor.

Under the Committee Charter, all members 
of the Audit Committee must be fi nancially 
literate. 

 ANZ BOARD COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS – from 1 October 2006 – 30 September 2007*

Audit

People

Governance

Risk

Mr D E Meiklejohn C, FE

Ms M A Jackson C

Ms M A Jackson FE

Mr J K Ellis

Mr C B Goode (ex-offi cio)

Mr I J Macfarlane 
(member from 1/3/2007)

Mr J P Morschel

Mr C B Goode (ex-offi cio)

Mr I J Macfarlane C 
(member from 1/3/2007,
Chairman from 1/7/2007)

Dr G J Clark

Mr D E Meiklejohn

Mr C B Goode (ex-offi cio)

Mr J P Morschel C

Mr J K Ellis

Mr D E Meiklejohn

Mr C B Goode (ex-offi cio)

Technology

Dr G J Clark C

Mr I J Macfarlane 
(member from 1/3/2007))

Mr C B Goode (ex-offi cio)

C – Chairman, FE – Financial Expert
*Mr I J Macfarlane 

Appointed Director on 16 February 2007.
Member of People, Governance and Technology Committees from 1 March 2007 and Chairman of Governance Committee from 1 July 2007.
Chairman of Governance Committee and member of Risk Committee prior to retirement from Board on 30 June 2007.

*Mr D M Gonski 
*For Board Committee memberships as at the date of this report, please see the Directors’ biographies on pages 37 to 39.

Corporate Governance  43

 
 
 
Mr Meiklejohn (Chair) and Ms Jackson 
(member) were determined to be ‘fi nancial 
experts’ for the 2007 fi nancial year for 
the purposes of the US Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act of 2002. Refer to pages 38 and 39 for 
their qualifi cations. While the Board has 
determined that Mr Meiklejohn and Ms 
Jackson have the necessary attributes to 
be ‘fi nancial experts’ within the meaning 
of US laws, it is important to note that they 
have no responsibilities additional to those 
of other members of the Audit Committee 
because of this.

The Audit Committee meets with the 
external auditor without management 
being present. The Chairman of the 
Audit Committee meets separately and 
regularly with the Group General Manager, 
Internal Audit, the external auditor and 
management.

The Group General Manager, Finance 
has been appointed as the executive 
responsible for assisting the Chairman of 
the Committee.

Key 2007 fi nancial year highlights included:
   Reviewing of reporting processes – 
Following transitioning to Australian 
Equivalents of International Financial 
Reporting Standards (AIFRS) in 2006, 
the Committee has overseen further 
streamlining of reporting processes to 
enhance the effectiveness and effi ciency 
of ANZ’s Finance function.
   Overseeing the controls over fi nancial 
reporting – The Committee oversaw the 
building of compliance with Section 
404 of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
(SOX) into a fully integrated fi nancial 
governance framework. This framework 
is leveraging the SOX investment and 
providing ongoing assurance about the 
effectiveness of internal controls over 
fi nancial reporting.
   Addressing ANZ Internal Audit staff – 
The Chairman of the Audit Committee 
addressed ANZ Internal Audit staff as 
part of the Committee’s ongoing interest 
in reminding internal audit staff of the 
importance of internal controls over 
fi nancial reporting and what the Audit 
Committee expects from Internal Audit.

44  ANZ Annual Report 2007

GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE
The Governance Committee is responsible 
for:
   identifying and recommending 
prospective Board members and 
succession planning for the position 
of Chairman (see page 40);
   reviewing and approving procedures 
for the oversight and evaluation of 
the performance of the Board, Board 
Committees and non-executive Directors 
(see page 42);
   ensuring an appropriate Board and Board 
Committee structure is in place;
   reviewing and approving the Charters 
for each Board Committee except its 
own, which is reviewed and approved 
by the Board;
   reviewing the development of and 
approving corporate governance policies 
and principles applicable to ANZ; and 
   reviewing and approving management’s 
proposed corporate responsibility 
objectives and strategies for ANZ. 

The Group General Counsel and Company 
Secretary has been appointed as the 
executive responsible for assisting the 
Chairman of the Committee.

Key 2007 fi nancial year highlights included:
   Board Composition – The Committee 
proposed changes to Board composition.
   Monitoring changes to domestic and 
overseas legislation and regulations – 
 The Committee received regular updates 
on changes to relevant legislation and 
regulations and considered potential 
impacts on ANZ’s customers, staff, 
operations and the community. The 
Committee oversaw related changes to 
relevant Codes, Charters, policies and 
procedures.

   Review and approval of the Bank’s 

submission on proposed revisions to the 
ASX Governance Principles.
   Performance Evaluation – The Committee 
approved the Board Renewal and 
Performance Evaluation Policy and 
conducted reviews under the Policy. 

PEOPLE COMMITTEE
The People Committee is responsible 
for reviewing and approving the Group’s 
compensation programs including any 
equity-based programs, compensation 
levels and policy guidelines (details in the 
Remuneration Report on pages 14 to 35).

The Committee also evaluates the 
performance of and approves the 
compensation for Board Appointees and 
makes recommendations to the Board 
on matters relating to the Chief Executive 
Offi cer (details in the Remuneration Report 
on pages 14 to 35).

The Group General Manager, People Capital 
and Breakout has been appointed as the 
executive responsible for assisting the 
Chairman of the Committee.

Key 2007 fi nancial year highlights included:

   Annual review of remuneration for 
non-executive Directors, the Chief 
Executive Offi cer and direct reports to 
Chief Executive Offi cer, and review of the 
reward structure for the senior executive 
population.
   Review of succession plans – The 
Committee conducted reviews of the 
current succession plans for the Chief 
Executive Offi cer, Chief Executive Offi cer’s 
direct reports and other business-critical 
roles.
   Preparation of the 2006 Remuneration 
Report.

   Fit and Proper – The Committee completed 

Fit and Proper assessments for Board 
Appointees. 
   Review of remuneration matters 
associated with the CEO succession.
   Review of long-term incentive 
arrangements for senior executives.
   Review of Global Superannuation 
arrangements, Health and Safety, and 
Diversity at ANZ.

For more details on the activities of the 
People Committee, please refer to the 
Remuneration Report on pages 14 to 35.

RISK COMMITTEE
The Risk Committee is responsible for 
overseeing, monitoring and reviewing the 
Group’s risk management principles and 
policies, strategies, processes and controls 
including credit, market, liquidity, balance 
sheet, operational risk and compliance. 
It is also authorised to approve credit 
transactions and other related matters 
beyond the approval discretion of executive 
management. The Chief Risk Offi cer is the 
executive responsible for assisting the 
Chairman of the Committee.

Key 2007 fi nancial year highlights included:
   Embedding the Risk Appetite Framework 
across the Divisions – The Committee put 
particular focus on strategic and portfolio 
issues in the past year. Considerable 
effort was channelled into risk appetite, 
asset writing strategies, reputational risk, 
and model risk. Frameworks are being 
implemented across the businesses. 
   Increased stress testing scenarios – The 
Committee reviewed a number of stress 
tests designed to assess how the Group 
would perform under certain economic 
downturn scenarios. Scenarios included 
both Australia and New Zealand and a 
mild recession and a liquidity crisis. A 
number of specifi c portfolios were stress 
tested, including rural and regional 
Australia for drought impact.
   Compliance – ANZ has a number of 
initiatives underway to strengthen its 
compliance with laws, codes of conduct 
and related ANZ policies in each of 
the countries where it operates. The 
initiatives will enable ANZ to strive to 
meet the Board defi ned appetite of “zero 
tolerance” for compliance breaches. A key 
initiative has been to explicitly recognise 
compliance as its own unique risk within 
the organisation through signifi cant 
investment in capability development 
across our people, processes and culture. 
This initiative has for example seen the 
development and recent implementation 
of a renewed “Compliance Framework” 
which provides structure and support for 
embedding compliance as “everybody’s 
business” in our organisation. ANZ views 

effective compliance risk management 
as fundamental to achieving its strategic 
aspirations.
   Basel II accreditation requirements 
(including new Pillar III market disclosure 
requirement) – ANZ made signifi cant 
progress towards Basel II accreditation 
over the past year, with particular focus 
on systems development. The Risk 
Committee requested that close attention 
continue on the remaining Basel II 
initiatives.

TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE
The Technology Committee assists the 
Board in the effective discharge of its 
responsibilities in relation to technology and 
operations related matters. The Committee 
is responsible for the oversight and 
evaluation of new projects in technology 
above $50 million and security issues 
relevant to ANZ’s technology processes 
and systems. It is also responsible for the 
review and approval of management’s 
recommendations for long-term technology 
and operations planning and the overall 
framework for the management of 
technology risk.

The Group Managing Director, Operations, 
Technology and Shared Services has been 
appointed as the executive responsible for 
assisting the Chairman of the Committee.

Key 2007 fi nancial year highlights included:
   Review of technology systems – The 
Committee received reports on future 
technology and associated operations 
strategy for the Bank.
   Progress on the Bank’s major projects – 
The Committee received detailed reports 
on the implementation of the Bank’s 
major IT projects.
   Monitoring evolving technologies – 
The Committee received reports 
and demonstrations on a number of 
technologies that have the potential 
for changing the nature of the Bank’s 
operations.
   Technology performance – The Committee 
received reports from major Divisions on 
their technology needs and performance.

ADDITIONAL COMMITTEES
In addition to the fi ve principal Board 
Committees, the Board has constituted 
a Shares Committee and an Executive 
Committee, each consisting solely of 
Directors, to assist in carrying out 
specifi c tasks.

The Executive Committee has the full 
power of the Board and is convened as 
necessary between regularly scheduled 
Board meetings to deal with urgent matters. 
The Shares Committee has the power to 
administer ANZ’s Employee Share Plan and 
Employee Share Option Plan. The Board 
also forms and delegates authority to 
ad-hoc Committees of the Board as and 
when needed to carry out specifi c tasks.

The number of Board meetings and meetings of Committees during the year the Director was eligible to attend, and the number of meetings 
attended by each Director were:

Board

Risk
Committee

Audit
Committee

People
Committee

Governance
Committee 

Technology
Committee

Executive
Committee

Shares
Committee

Committee
of the Board

G J Clark

J K Ellis

D M Gonski

C B Goode

M A Jackson

I J Macfarlane

J McFarlane

D E Meiklejohn

J P Morschel

A

9

9

7

9

9

5

9

9

9

B

9

8

7

9

7

5

9

9

8

A

–

6

4

6

–

–

–

6

6

B

–

6

4

6

–

–

–

6

6

A

–

7

–

7

7

–

–

7

–

B

–

7

–

7

6

–

–

7

–

A

–

–

–

5

5

4

–

–

5

B

–

–

–

5

4

4

–

–

5

A

5

–

4

5

–

2

–

5

–

B

5

–

4

5

–

2

–

5

–

A

4

–

–

4

–

2

–

–

–

B

4

–

–

4

–

2

–

–

–

A

1

1

–

4

2

1

4

2

1

B

1

1

–

4

2

1

4

2

1

A

–

–

–

1

2

–

1

–

–

B

–

–

–

1

2

–

1

–

–

A

–

1

–

4

2

–

4

3

–

B

–

1

–

4

2

–

4

3

–

Column A - Indicates the number of meetings the Director was eligible to attend.
Column B - Indicates the number of meetings attended. The Chairman is an ex-offi cio member of the Risk, Audit, People, 
Governance and Technology Committees.

Corporate Governance  45

 
RISK MANAGEMENT AND 
COMPLIANCE
ANZ has established a comprehensive risk 
and compliance management framework. 
The Board is principally responsible for 
establishing risk tolerance, approving 
related strategies and policies, monitoring 
and assessing business management, 
and overseeing policy compliance and 
the effectiveness of the risk systems 
and policies to meet the requirements of 
applicable regulations and the interests of 
shareholders, customers and staff.

The Risk Committee oversees the Group’s risk 
management policies and controls, and may 
approve credit transactions and other related 
matters beyond the approval discretion of 
executive management. On a day-to-day 
basis, the various risks inherent in ANZ’s 
operations are managed by both Group Risk 
Management and each business unit. 

For further information on ANZ’s risk 
management framework, including a 
description of the key risk developments, 
please see pages 44 and 45 and the 
Corporate Governance section of anz.com. 

During the year, management has 
reported to the Risk Committee as to the 
effectiveness of ANZ’s Risk Management 
framework and the management of material 
business risks.

AUDIT AND FINANCIAL GOVERNANCE

INTERNAL AUDIT
Internal Audit provides independent 
assurance that the design and operation 
of the risk and control framework across 
the Group is effective. It operates under a 
Charter from the Audit Committee that gives 
it unrestricted access to review all activities 
of the Group. The Group General Manager, 
Internal Audit reports to the Chairman of 
the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee 
reviews the performance of the Group 
General Manager, Internal Audit. 

A risk-based audit approach is used to 
ensure that the higher risk activities in each 
business are audited each year. All audits 
are conducted in a manner that conforms 
to international auditing standards. 
Audit results also infl uence incentive 
compensation of business heads.

The Audit Committee receives formal reports 
on signifi cant issues to ensure that any 
remedial action is undertaken promptly. 
A robust process exists to ensure that audit 
issues are resolved on a timely basis, which 
includes regular reviews of progress by the 
Chief Executive Offi cer and the Chairman of 
the Audit Committee. 

Internal Audit plays an active role in 
ensuring compliance with the requirements 
of supervisory regulatory authorities. 
Internal Audit also works collaboratively 
with the external auditor to ensure a 
comprehensive audit scope.

The Risk Committee receives a quarterly 
report from Internal Audit.

EXTERNAL AUDIT
The external auditor’s role is to provide an 
independent opinion that ANZ’s fi nancial 
reports are true and fair and comply 
with applicable regulations. The external 
auditor performs an independent audit 
in accordance with Australian Auditing 
Standards. The Audit Committee oversees 
ANZ’s Policy on Relationship with the 
External Auditor. Under the Policy, the 
Audit Committee is responsible for the 
appointment (subject to ratifi cation by 
shareholders), compensation, retention and 
oversight of the external auditor. The Policy 
also stipulates that the Audit Committee:
   pre-approves all audit and non-audit 
services;
   regularly reviews the independence of the 
external auditor; and
   evaluates the effectiveness of the 
external auditor.

Details of non-audit services, together with 
the statement from the Board as to their 
satisfaction with KPMG’s compliance with 
the related independence requirements 
of the Corporations Act 2001, are in the 
Directors’ Report on pages 11 and 12.

In addition, ANZ requires a 2 year period 
before any former partner or employee 
of the external auditor is appointed as a 
Director or Senior Executive of ANZ.

The lead partner of the external auditor is 
required to rotate off the ANZ audit after 
5 years and cannot return for a further 5 years. 

Certain other senior audit staff are required 
to rotate off after a maximum of seven years. 
Any potential appointments of ex-partners or 
ex-employees of the external auditor as ANZ 
fi nance staff, at senior management level or 
higher, must be pre-approved by the 
Chairman of the Audit Committee. 

As disclosed in previous Annual Reports, 
the US Securities and Exchange Commission 
(SEC) commenced an inquiry into non-
audit services provided by ANZ’s auditor, 
KPMG. ANZ has provided the information 
requested by the SEC. This inquiry has not 
concluded. Should the SEC determine that 
services provided by KPMG did not comply 
with the US auditor independence rules, 
the SEC may seek sanctions, the nature and 
amount of which are not known. Whilst ANZ 
cannot predict the outcome of the inquiry, 
based on information currently available, 
ANZ does not believe it will have a material 
adverse effect on the Company.

FINANCIAL CONTROLS
As previously noted, the Audit Committee of 
the Board oversees ANZ’s fi nancial reporting 
policies and controls, the integrity of ANZ’s 
fi nancial statements, the relationship with 
the external auditor, the work of Internal 
Audit, and the Audit Committees of various 
subsidiary companies.

During the year, ANZ deregistered from the 
US Securities and Exchange Commission 
(SEC) as a Foreign Private Issuer of 
securities in the United States. As such, 
ANZ is no longer required to comply with 
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. 
However, ANZ is committed to ensuring that 
it maintains its robust fi nancial reporting 
control system.

ANZ has in place a Financial Reporting 
Governance (FRG) Program which evaluates 
the design and tests the operation of key 
fi nancial reporting controls, including 
Company-level controls, period-end 
controls, process-level controls, and IT 
general controls.

In addition, Preparers’ Statements in 
the form of half-yearly certifi cations are 
completed by Divisional Managing Directors 
and Divisional Chief Financial Offi cers. 
These Statements comprise representations 
and questions about fi nancial results, 
disclosures, processes and controls and 
are aligned with ANZ’s external obligations. 

46  ANZ Annual Report 2007

The process is independently evaluated 
by Internal Audit and tested under the 
FRG Program. Any issues arising from the 
evaluation and testing are reported to the 
Audit Committee.

This process assists the Chief Executive 
Offi cer and Chief Financial Offi cer in making 
the certifi cations to the Board under the 
Corporations Act and ASX Governance 
Principles as set out in the Directors’ Report 
on page 12.

ETHICAL AND RESPONSIBLE 
DECISION-MAKING

VALUES 
The Board encourages management to 
promote and maintain a culture within ANZ 
which draws upon a set of unifying values 
to guide the actions and decisions of the 
Board and all employees (see the Corporate 
Responsibility section of our website at 
anz.com/cr).

More than 30,000 ANZ employees have 
now participated in the Breakout culture 
development program. The program 
includes workshops to help staff to 
apply values-based decision-making, 
and to balance the competing needs of 
staff, shareholders, customers and the 
community in their roles and activities. 

Details on ANZ’s comprehensive 
approach can be found in ANZ’s Corporate 
Responsibility Report and on our website 
at anz.com/cr.

CODES OF CONDUCT
To assist Directors and employees in their 
understanding of the culture and values of 
the organisation, ANZ has three main codes 
of conduct which guide everyday business 
practice and decision-making throughout 
the Group. These are detailed below.

Codes of Conduct for Directors and for 
Employees – These two Codes set out 
the ethical standards to which Directors 
and employees are expected to adhere. 
They require that Directors and employees 
adhere to the law, disclose any relevant 
interests, and act honestly and ethically 
in all their dealings. The Codes also cover 
the confi dentiality of information, limits on 
acceptance of gifts or entertainment and on 
use of ANZ goods, services and facilities.

The Codes of Conduct provide an ethical 
framework within which ANZ employees 
can work to build sustainable value for 
shareholders by taking a responsible 
approach to business. They acknowledge 
the importance of ANZ’s shareholders, 
our own people, our customers, and the 
communities and environments in which 
ANZ operates.

Adherence to the Directors’ Code of 
Conduct forms part of a Director’s annual 
performance evaluation. To ensure that 
the Employee Code of Conduct is well 
understood by new and existing staff, 
ANZ has developed a Code of Conduct 
training course which covers the practical 
application of the Code of Conduct and a 
Code of Conduct Declaration in which 
staff indicate that they understand the 
principles of the Code and agree to comply 
with them. 

Code of Conduct for Financial Offi cers – 
(adopted from the Group of 100 Code of 
Conduct for CFOs and Senior Financial 
Offi cers). The Code requires that chief 
fi nancial offi cers and other fi nance staff 
infl uencing fi nancial reporting adhere to 
principles of honesty and integrity, respect 
confi dentiality of information, declare 
confl icts of interest, maintain transparency 
in reporting, exercise diligence and good 
faith, ensure sound internal controls and set 
a standard for other fi nancial professionals. 

SECURITIES TRADING POLICY
ANZ has a Securities Trading Policy that 
prohibits trading in ANZ securities or 
the securities of other companies for all 
employees, Directors, contractors and 
consultants engaged by ANZ who are aware 
of unpublished price-sensitive information. 

The Policy specifi cally prohibits restricted 
employees trading in ANZ securities during 
‘blackout periods’ leading up to the day 
following the half-yearly and annual results 
announcements. Blackout periods also 
apply for certain nominated employees in 
respect of the periods leading up to the 
trading updates which are announced to 
the market on a six monthly basis. 

Non-executive Directors are required to 
seek approval from the Chairman in 
advance of any trading in ANZ securities. 
The Chairman of the Board is required to 
seek approval from the Chairman of the 

Governance Committee. Senior Executives 
and other restricted employees are also 
required to seek approval before trading 
in ANZ securities. 

The Policy requires certain prescribed 
employees to submit a quarterly declaration 
to Group Compliance to declare that they have 
not traded in securities (ANZ’s and other 
companies’ securities) while in possession 
of unpublished, price-sensitive information. 

It is a condition of the Policy and of the 
grant of employee share options (including 
Performance Rights) and deferred shares 
that no schemes are entered into by any 
employee that specifi cally protect the value 
of such shares, options and Performance 
Rights before the shares have vested or the 
options or Performance Rights have entered 
their exercisable period. Any breach of this 
prohibition would constitute a breach of 
the grant conditions and would result in the 
forfeiture of the relevant shares, options or 
Performance Rights.

WHISTLEBLOWER POLICY
The ANZ Whistleblower Policy is a 
mechanism by which ANZ employees may 
voice serious concerns or escalate serious 
matters on a confi dential basis, without 
fear of reprisal, dismissal or discriminatory 
treatment.

The Policy is aligned to both ANZ’s values 
and ANZ’s Employee Code of Conduct 
and is one of a number of policies and 
procedures within ANZ to support and 
promote honest and ethical behaviour. The 
Policy is intended as a last option, when all 
other internal reporting avenues have been 
exhausted or are not available.

ANZ employees can make complaints under 
the Policy to designated Whistleblower 
Protection Offi cers. If a complaint relates 
to fi nance or audit-related matters, the 
Protection Offi cer will consider whether 
the matter should be referred to the Audit 
Committee, or may refer the matter to ANZ’s 
external auditors. If the report relates to 
breaches of the law, regulations or ANZ 
policies, the Protection Offi cer may refer the 
matter to the Risk Committee.

Corporate Governance  47

Designated Disclosure Offi cers have 
responsibility for reviewing proposed 
disclosures and making decisions in 
relation to what information can be or 
should be disclosed to the market. Each 
ANZ employee is required to inform a 
Disclosure Offi cer regarding any potentially 
price-sensitive information concerning ANZ 
as soon as they become aware of it.

During the course of the year, the Policy was 
reviewed and revised by the Governance 
Committee to require Disclosure Offi cers 
to regularly meet together as a Continuous 
Disclosure Committee.

Apart from reviewing information to 
determine whether disclosures are required 
in order to comply with the requirements 
of the Listing Rules of the ASX and other 
overseas exchanges where ANZ securities 
are listed, as well as the requirements of 
applicable corporations and securities 
legislation relating to the disclosure of 
price-sensitive information, the Committee 
also overviews the effectiveness of ANZ’s 
systems and procedures for achieving 
compliance with applicable regulatory 
requirements in relation to the disclosure 
of price-sensitive information.

In carrying out its role, the Committee 
recognises ANZ’s commitment to achieving 
best practice in terms of disclosure by 
acting in accordance with the spirit, 
intention and purposes of the applicable 
regulatory requirements and by looking 
beyond form to substance.

POLITICAL DONATIONS
In the year to 30 September 2007, ANZ 
donated $150,000 to the Liberal Party and 
$75,000 to the Australian Labor Party.

Prior to the Annual General Meeting, 
shareholders are given the opportunity 
to submit any questions they have for 
the Chairman or Chief Executive Offi cer 
to enable key common themes to be 
considered.

The external auditor is present at ANZ Annual 
General Meetings and available to answer 
shareholder questions. The auditor can 
respond on any matter that concerns them in 
their capacity as auditor, including in relation 
to the conduct of the audit and the preparation 
and content of the auditor’s report.

The letter of appointment, which has been 
agreed to and signed by all non-executive 
Directors, states that Directors are also 
expected to attend and be available to meet 
shareholders at the Annual General Meeting 
each year.

Shareholders have the right to vote on 
various resolutions put to a meeting. 
If shareholders are unable to attend a 
meeting they can submit their proxies via 
post or electronically through anz.com. 
Where votes are taken on a poll, which 
is usual ANZ practice, ANZ appoints an 
independent party to verify the results, 
which are reported to the ASX and posted 
on anz.com.

CONTINUOUS DISCLOSURE
ANZ’s practice is to release all 
price-sensitive information in a timely 
manner and as required under the ASX 
listing rules to all relevant securities 
exchanges on which ANZ’s securities are 
listed, and to the market and community 
generally through ANZ’s media releases, 
website and other appropriate channels. 
Through ANZ’s Continuous Disclosure 
Policy, ANZ demonstrates its commitment 
to continuous disclosure. 

The Policy refl ects relevant obligations 
under applicable securities exchange 
listing rules and legislation. For disclosure 
purposes, price-sensitive information is 
information that a reasonable person would 
expect to have a material effect on the price 
or value of ANZ’s securities. 

COMMITMENT TO SHAREHOLDERS
Shareholders are the owners of ANZ, and 
ANZ’s stated aim is to ‘perform and grow 
to create value for our shareholders’. 

The approaches described below are 
enshrined in ANZ’s Shareholder Charter. 
A copy of the Shareholder Charter can be 
found on the Corporate Governance section 
of anz.com.

COMMUNICATION 
In order to make informed decisions about 
ANZ, and to communicate views to ANZ, 
shareholders need an understanding 
of ANZ’s business operations and 
performance.

ANZ encourages shareholders to take an 
active interest in ANZ, and seeks to provide 
shareholders with quality information in 
a timely fashion generally through ANZ’s 
reporting of results, ANZ’s Annual Report, 
briefi ngs, half yearly newsletters and via 
its dedicated shareholder site on anz.com.

ANZ strives for transparency in all its 
business practices, and recognises the 
impact of quality disclosure on the trust and 
confi dence of the shareholder, the wider 
market and the community. In the recently 
announced Dow Jones Sustainability 
Index, ANZ received the highest sector 
score (100%) in relation to stakeholder 
engagement.

Should shareholders require any 
information, contact details for ANZ and 
its Share Registrar are set out in the half-
yearly shareholder newsletters and the 
shareholders section of anz.com. 

MEETINGS
ANZ upholds shareholder rights and 
provides shareholders with the opportunity 
to be involved in shareholder meetings.

To allow as many shareholders as possible 
to have an opportunity to attend a meeting, 
ANZ rotates shareholder meetings around 
capital cities and makes them available 
to be viewed online using webcast 
technology. Further details on meetings 
and presentations held throughout this 
fi nancial year are available on anz.com > 
shareholders > Presentations.

48  ANZ Annual Report 2007
48  ANZ Annual Report 2007

This page has been left blank intentionally.

Corporate Governance  49

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

 Ordinary shares
At 6 October 2007, the twenty largest holders of ordinary shares held 1,050,323,057 ordinary shares, equal to 56.32% of the total issued 
ordinary capital.

Name

Number of shares

% Name

Number of shares

%

1.   HKBA NOMINEES LIMITED
2.   CHASE MANHATTAN NOMINEES LTD
3.   NATIONAL NOMINEES LIMITED
4.   CITICORP NOMINEES PTY LIMITED
5.   ANZ NOMINEES LIMITED
6.   RBC GLOBAL SERVICES AUSTRALIA
7.   COGENT NOMINEES PTY LIMITED
8.   QUEENSLAND INVESTMENT CORPORATION 
9.   AMP LIFE LIMITED
10. POTTER WARBURG NOMINEES PTY LIMITED
11. PSS BOARD 

266,035,505
205,868,107
197,899,627
95,360,328
90,215,496
47,005,443
40,960,617
20,080,126
18,491,477
11,943,562
10,701,851

14.27
11.04
10.61
5.11
4.84
2.52
2.19
1.08
0.99
0.64
0.57

12.  UBS NOMINEES PTY LTD 
13.  SUNCORP CUSTODIAN SERVICES PTY LIMITED 
14.  ANZEST PTY LTD (DEFERRED SHARE PLAN A/C) 
15.  TASMAN ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD 
16.  AUSTRALIAN FOUNDATION INVESTMENT 

COMPANY LIMITED

17.  ANZEST PTY LTD (ESAP SHARE PLAN A/C) 
18.  PERPETUAL TRUSTEE COMPANY LTD
19.  ARGO INVESTMENTS LIMITED
20.  RBC DEXIA INVESTOR SERVICES AUSTRALIA 

NOMINEES PTY LIMITED

6,652,221
6,075,092
5,227,759
4,884,004
4,877,049

4,875,551
4,764,328
4,353,230
4,051,684

0.36
0.33
0.28
0.26
0.26

0.26
0.26
0.23
0.22

1,050,323,057

56.32

Total

 Distribution of shareholdings
At 6 October 2007
Range of shares

1 to 1,000
1,001 to 5,000
5,001 to 10,000
10,001 to 100,000
Over 100,000

Total

At 6 October 2007:

Number of holders % of holders

Number of shares

% of shares

187,778
111,885
16,482
10,193
468

57.46
34.24
5.04
3.12
0.14

81,684,399
246,188,964
115,130,610
215,013,871
1,206,759,879

4.38
13.20
6.18
11.53
64.71

326,806

100.00

1,864,777,723

100.00

there were no entries in the register of Substantial Shareholdings;
the average size of holdings of ordinary shares was 5,706 (2006: 6,302) shares; and
there were 5,322 holdings (2006: 5,023 holdings) of less than a marketable parcel (less than $500 in value or 17 shares based on the market price of $ 30.57), 
which is less than 1.63% of the total holdings of ordinary shares.

 Voting rights of ordinary shares
 The Constitution provides for votes to be cast:

i)   on show of hands, 1 vote for each shareholder; and 

ii)  on a poll, 1 vote for each fully paid ordinary share. 

50  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
 
 
 
ANZ Stapled Exchangeable Preferred Securities (ANZ StEPS)
At 6 October 2007, the twenty largest holders of ANZ StEPS held 4,353,579 securities, equal to 43.54% of the total issued securities. 

Name

Number 
of securities

%

Name

Number 
of securities

%

1.   ANZ NOMINEES LIMITED
2.   NATIONAL NOMINEES LIMITED
3.   CHASE MANHATTAN NOMINEES LTD
4.   POTTER WARBURG NOMINEES PTY LIMITED
5.   CITICORP NOMINEES PTY LIMITED
6.   UBS NOMINEES PTY LTD
7.   HKBA NOMINEES LIMITED
8.   UCA CASH MANAGEMENT FUND LTD
9.   RBC GLOBAL SERVICES AUSTRALIA 
10. COGENT NOMINEES PTY LIMITED
11.  QUESTOR FINANCIAL SERVICES LIMITED (TPS RF A/C)
12.  SHARE DIRECT NOMINEES PTY LTD 
(GLOBAL MARKETS ACCOUNT) 

1,067,385
616,752
581,247
492,583
287,503
279,566
248,991
152,500
93,497
73,269
70,900
56,922

10.67
6.17
5.81
4.93
2.88
2.80
2.49
1.52
0.93
0.73
0.71
0.57

Total

Distribution of ANZ StEPS holdings
At 6 October 2007
Range of securities

1 to 1,000
1,001 to 5,000
5,001 to 10,000
10,001 to 100,000
Over 100,000

Total

13.   AUSTRALIAN EXECUTOR TRUSTEES LIMITED 

53,618

0.54

(NO 1 ACCOUNT)

14.  THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
15.  RBC DEXIA INVESTOR SERVICES AUSTRALIA 
NOMINEES PTY LIMITED (GSJBW A/C) 

16.  ECAPITAL NOMNINEES PTY LIMITED 

(SETTLEMENT A/C)

17. RBC DEXIA INVESTOR SERVICES AUSTRALIA 
NOMINEES PTY LIMITED (NMSMT A/C) 
18.  UBS NOMINEES PTY LTD (TP00014 15 A/C)
19.  GORDON MERCHANT NO 2 PTY LTD 

(MERCHANT FAMILY A/C)

20.  ARMADA INVESTMENTS PTY LTD 

50,000
40,807

0.50
0.41

40,000

0.40

39,617

0.40

39,422
39,000

0.39
0.39

30,000

0.30

4,353,579

43.54

Number of holders % of holders

Number of securities

% of securities

11,611
652
55
45
8

93.86
5.27
0.44
0.36
0.07

3,175,541
1,454,239
428,903
1,214,790
3,726,527

31.76
14.54
4.29
12.15
37.26

12,371

100.00

10,000,000

100.00

At 6 October 2007: There were 2 holdings (2006: 3 holdings) of less than a marketable parcel (less than $500 in value or 5 securities based on the market price of $101.03), which is less than 
0.02% of the total holdings of StEPS.

Voting rights of ANZ StEPS
 A preference share does not entitle its holder to vote at any general meeting of ANZ except in the following circumstances:

a)  on a proposal:

i)  to reduce the share capital of ANZ; 

ii)  that affects rights attached to the preference shares;

iii)  to wind up ANZ; or

iv)  for the disposal of the whole of the property, business and undertaking of ANZ; 

b)  on a resolution to approve the terms of a buy-back agreement;

c)  during the period in which a dividend which has been declared as payable on a dividend payment date has not been paid in full; or

d)  during the winding-up of ANZ. 

 If a poll is conducted on a resolution on which a holder is entitled to vote, the holder has one vote for each preference share held.

Shareholder Information  51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Euro Trust Securities
 In December 2004, ANZ issued 500,000 
Floating Rate Non-cumulative Trust Securities 
(“Euro Trust Securities”) at an issue price 
of €1,000 each through ANZ Capital Trust 
III (formed in the State of Delaware). Each 
Euro Trust Security is a stapled security 
comprising a preference share in Australia 
and New Zealand Banking Group Limited and 
an unsecured subordinated note issued by 
ANZ Jackson Funding PLC. The Euro Trust 
Securities are quoted on the Luxembourg 
Stock Exchange. The unsecured subordinate 
notes are listed on the Channel Islands 
Stock Exchange. Prior to a conversion event, 
the preference share and subordinated note 
components of a Euro Trust Security cannot be 
separately traded.

 Employee shareholder information
At the Annual General Meeting in January 
1994, shareholders approved an aggregate 
limit of 7% of all classes of shares and 
options, which remain subject to the rules 
of a relevant incentive plan, being held by 
employees and directors. At 30 September 
2007 participants held 1.81% (2006: 2.25%) 
of the issued shares and options of ANZ 
under the following incentive plans:

ANZ Employee Share Acquisition Plan;

ANZ Employee Share Save Scheme;

ANZ Share Option Plan; 

ANZ Directors’ Share Plan; and

ANZ Directors’ Retirement Benefi t Plan. 

 Stock exchange
The Australia and New Zealand Banking 
Group Limited’s ordinary shares are listed 
on the Australian Securities Exchange and 
the New Zealand Stock Exchange. 

The Group’s other stock exchange listings 
include:
   Australian Securities Exchange –  ANZ 
Stapled Exchangeable Preferred Securities 
(ANZ StEPS) [ANZ Holdings (New Zealand) 
Limited and Australia and New Zealand 
Banking Group Limited]; senior and 
subordinated debt [Australia and New 
Zealand Banking Group Limited];
   Channel Islands Stock Exchange –
Senior debt [ANZ Jackson Funding 2 Limited, 
ANZ Jackson Funding 3 Limited] and 
subordinated debt [ANZ Jackson Funding PLC]
   London Stock Exchange – Non-cumulative 
mandatory convertible stapled securities 
(UK stapled Securities) [Australia and New 
Zealand Banking Group Limited];  and senior 
and subordinated debt [Australia and New 
Zealand Banking Group Limited and ANZ 
National (Int’l) Limited]; 
   Luxembourg Stock Exchange – 
 Subordinated debt [Australia and New 
Zealand Banking Group Limited]; and 
non-cumulative Trust Securities (Euro Trust 
Securities) [ANZ Capital Trust III]; 
   New Zealand Stock Exchange –  Senior 
and subordinated debt [ANZ National Bank 
Limited]; and
   Swiss Stock Exchange –  Senior debt  
[Australia and New Zealand Banking 
Group Limited].

52  ANZ Annual Report 2007

New York Stock Exchange Delisting 
and US Securities and Exchange 
Commission Deregistration
In June 2007, Australia and New Zealand 
Banking Group Limited announced its 
intention to withdraw the listing of its 
American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) and 
the underlying ordinary shares from the New 
York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and deregister 
from the United States Securities and 
Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

The ADRs were delisted from the NYSE on 
12 July 2007 and, upon fi ling a Form 15F 
with the SEC seeking deregistration, the 
Company’s reporting obligation to the 
SEC were immediately suspended on 13 
July 2007. With the SEC having raised no 
objection to the Company’s Form 15F during 
the prescribed 90 day period from fi ling, 
the Company’s deregistration from the SEC 
became effective on 13 October 2007.

American Depositary Receipts
Following the delisting of its American 
Depository Receipts (ADRs) from the NYSE, 
the Company’s ADRs now trade in the over-
the-counter (“OTC”) securities market on the 
Pink Sheets electronic platform operated by 
Pink Sheets LLC in the United States under 
the new ticker symbol: ANZBY and the CUSIP 
number: 05258304.

The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation 
(“BNY Mellon”) is the Depositary for the 
Company’s ADR program in the United 
States. Holders of the Company’s ADRs 
should deal directly with BNY Mellon on 
all matters relating to their ADR holdings, 
by telephone on 1-888-269-2377 (for 
callers within the US), 1-212-815-3700 
(for callers outside the US) or by email to 
shareowners@bankofny.com.

ANZ StEPS
 In September 2003, 10 million ANZ Stapled 
Exchangeable Preferred Securities (ANZ 
StEPS) were issued at an issue price of 
$100.00 each. Each ANZ StEPS is a stapled 
security comprising a preference share in 
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group 
Limited and an unsecured senior note issued 
by ANZ Holdings (New Zealand) Limited. 
ANZ StEPS are quoted on the Australian 
Securities Exchange. Until the occurrence of 
an assignment date, the preference shares 
and senior note components of an ANZ StEPS 
cannot be separately transferred.

This page has been left blank intentionally.

Shareholder Information  53

STATEMENTS OF RECOGNISED INCOME AND EXPENSE FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER

 FINANCIAL REPORT

INCOME STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER

Consolidated

The Company

Note

2007
$m

2006
$m

2007
$m

2006
$m

Total income

Interest income
Interest expense

Net interest income

Other operating income
Share of joint venture profi t from ING Australia and ING New Zealand
Share of associates’ profi t

Operating income
Operating expenses

3

3
4

3
3
3

4

30,293

25,510

21,588

17,914

26,210
(18,908)

22,301
(15,358)

17,809
(13,148)

14,618
(10,341)

7,302

6,943

4,661

4,277

3,824
172
87

3,015
138
56

11,385
(4,953)

10,152
(4,531)

3,779
–
–

8,440
(3,623)

4,817
(388)

3,296
–
–

7,573
(3,250)

4,323
(278)

Profi t before credit impairment and income tax
Provision for credit impairment

16

6,432
(567)

5,621
(407)

Profi t before income tax

Income tax expense

Profi t for the year

Comprising: 
Profi t attributable to minority interests 
Profi t attributable to shareholders of the Company1

Earnings per ordinary share (cents)
Basic
Diluted
Dividend per ordinary share (cents)

5,865

5,214

4,429

4,045

6

(1,678)

(1,522)

(878)

(871)

4,187

3,692

3,551

3,174

7 
4,180

4 
3,688

–
3,551

–
3,174

8
8
7

224.1
218.3
136

200.0
194.0
125

n/a
n/a
136

n/a
n/a
125

The notes appearing on pages 58 to 155 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

1  The results of 2007 include the following items:

■    Gain on sale of Fleet Partners Pty Limited and Truck Leasing Limited, including previously unrecognised capital losses on the buyback of TrUEPrs 

being applied against the gain following Australian Tax Office clearance ($195 million profit after tax, tax expense nil), Company (nil)

■   Restatement of deferred tax assets following the announced change in New Zealand company tax rate which takes effect 

from 1 October 2008 ($24 million loss after tax), Company (nil)

The results of 2006 include the following items:
■  Settlement of ANZ National Bank warranty claims ($14 million profit after tax), Company (nil)
■  Settlement of NHB insurance claim ($79 million profit after tax), Group and Company

54  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOW STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER

BALANCE SHEETS AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER

Assets
Liquid assets
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Trading securities1
Derivative fi nancial instruments
Available-for-sale assets
Net loans and advances
Customers’ liability for acceptances
Due from controlled entities
Regulatory deposits
Shares in controlled entities
Shares in associates and joint venture entities
Deferred tax assets
Goodwill and other intangible assets2
Other assets
Premises and equipment

Total assets

Liabilities
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Deposits and other borrowings
Derivative fi nancial instruments
Liability for acceptances
Due to controlled entities
Current tax liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities
Payables and other liabilities 
Provisions
Bonds and notes
Loan capital

Total liabilities

Net assets

Shareholders’ equity 
Ordinary share capital
Preference share capital
Reserves
Retained earnings

Share capital and reserves attributable to shareholders of the Company
Minority interests

Total equity

Commitments (note 44)
Contingent liabilities, contingent assets and credit related commitments (note 45)

The notes appearing on pages 58 to 155 form an integral part of these financial statements.

1  Includes bills held in portfolio $2,305 million (September 2006: $1,569 million).
2  Excludes notional goodwill in equity accounted entities.

Note

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

9
10
11
12
13
14

17
18
18
19
20
21
22

23
24
12

25
25
26
27
28
29

30
30
31
31

32

16,987
8,040
15,167
22,237
14,006
288,846
14,536
–
235
–
3,430
113
3,677
3,846
1,493

15,019
9,665
9,179
9,164
10,653
255,922
13,435
–
205
–
2,200
253
3,337
4,499
1,109

10,618
6,134
13,359
21,403
11,383
198,610
14,523
15,481
148
8,405
582
87
511
2,136
739

10,427
6,253
7,508
8,787
8,657
172,287
13,425
9,418
132
11,424
307
135
419
2,558
527

392,613

334,640

304,119

252,264

17,986
234,873
24,180
14,536
–
468
135
10,507
1,021
54,075
12,784

14,118
204,794
8,753
13,435
–
569
253
10,679
957
50,050
11,126

14,110
161,195
25,001
14,523
5,371
587
103
8,387
710
43,157
11,886

11,652
128,321
8,442
13,425
12,556
701
267
8,823
688
39,839
10,251

370,565

314,734

285,030

234,965

22,048

19,906

19,089

17,299

8,946
871
(889)
13,082

22,010
38

8,271
871
(354)
11,084

19,872
34

8,946
871
(164)
9,436

8,271
871
(16)
8,173

19,089
–

17,299
–

22,048

19,906

19,089

17,299

Financial Report  55

STATEMENTS OF RECOGNISED INCOME AND EXPENSE FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

Items recognised directly in equity1

Currency translation adjustments 
  Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations taken to equity

(563)

(203)

(291)

97

15
(7)

36
(7)

(54)

80

109
(14)

74
(7)

77

20
(8)

121
(56)

(55)

(324)

(181)

100
(4)

40
–

75

(80)

4,187

3,692

3,551

3,174

3,863

3,511

3,471

3,254

7

4

–

–

3,856

3,507

3,471

3,254

Available-for-sale assets
  Valuation gain taken to equity
  Cumulative (gain) transferred to the income statement on sale

Cash fl ow hedges
  Valuation gain taken to equity
  Transferred to income statement for the year

Actuarial (loss)/gain on defi ned benefi t plans

Net (loss)/income recognised directly in equity

Profi t for the year

Total recognised income and expense for the year

Total recognised income and expense for the year attributable to 
  minority interests
Total recognised income and expense for the year attributable to 
  shareholders of the Company

The notes appearing on pages 58 to 155 form an integral part of these financial statements.

1  These items are disclosed net of tax (refer note 6).

56  ANZ Annual Report 2007

CASH FLOW STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER

Cash fl ows from operating activities
Interest received
Dividends received
Fee income received
Other income received
Interest paid
Personnel expenses paid
Premises expenses paid
Other operating expenses paid
Recovery from NHB litigation
Income taxes paid
  Australia
  Overseas
Goods and services tax paid
(Increase)/decrease in operating assets
  Liquid assets – greater than three months
  Due from other fi nancial institutions – more than 90 days
  Trading securities
  Regulatory deposits
  Loans and advances
  Net intra-group loans and advances
Increase/(decrease) in operating liabilities
  Deposits and other borrowings
  Due to other fi nancial institutions
  Payables and other liabilities
Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities
Cash fl ows from investing activities
Net (increase)/decrease 
Available-for-sale assets
  Purchases
  Proceeds from sale or maturity
Controlled entities and associates
  Purchased (net of cash acquired)
  Proceeds from sale (net of cash disposed)
Premises and equipment
  Purchases
  Proceeds from sale
Other
Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities
Cash fl ows from fi nancing activities
Net increase/(decrease) 
Bonds and notes
Issue proceeds

  Redemptions
Loan capital

Issue proceeds

  Redemptions
Dividends paid
Share capital issues
Share capital buyback
Net cash provided by/(used in) fi nancing activities
Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities
Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities
Net cash provided by/(used in) fi nancing activities
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Foreign currency translation on opening balances
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

The notes appearing on pages 58 to 155 form an integral part of these financial statements.

Note

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

27,024
99
2,327
943
(18,540)
(2,980)
(417)
(2,423)
–

(1,381)
(500)
(11)

(1,641)
(410)
(7,325)
(54)
(36,947)
–

33,964
4,326
(91)
(4,037)

23,014
53
2,082
1,057
(14,676)
(2,737)
(379)
(2,416)
114

(788)
(437)
(18)

(1,300)
1,318
(1,681)
(42)
(26,848)
–

16,129
1,859
541
(5,155)

17,788
1,134
1,616
833
(12,923)
(2,105)
(284)
(1,098)
–

(1,384)
(58)
(1)

(1,865)
(195)
(6,894)
(31)
(27,586)
(10,305)

34,585
3,050
(11)
(5,734)

14,623
1,151
1,434
1,273
(9,311)
(1,887)
(262)
(1,154)
114

(793)
(46)
–

(441)
177
(182)
(17)
(18,732)
66

14,736
2,462
1,221
4,432

(13,215)
9,701

(15,480)
16,239

(10,652)
7,770

(16,880)
13,695

(1,450)
444

(411)
79
1,588
(3,264)

(289)
14

(250)
19
1,697
1,950

(549)
67

(356)
7
1,034
(2,679)

(230)
10

(161)
12
(239)
(3,793)

16,443
(8,140)

17,506
(8,949)

15,149
(7,499)

14,316
(8,873)

3,013
(980)
(1,958)
132
–
8,510
(4,037)
(3,264)
8,510
1,209
20,344
(2,479)
19,074

1,248
(656)
(1,930)
147
(146)
7,220
(5,155)
1,950
7,220
4,015
13,702
2,627
20,344

2,691
(500)
(1,921)
132
–
8,052
(5,734)
(2,679)
8,052
(361)
13,570
(1,169)
12,040

1,188
(626)
(1,903)
147
(146)
4,103
4,432
(3,793)
4,103
4,742
7,899
929
13,570

39(a)

39(b)

Financial Report  57

 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

1: Signifi cant Accounting Policies

i) Basis of preparation
These consolidated fi nancial statements 
comprise a general purpose fi nancial report 
and:
  comply with the accounts provisions 
of the Banking Act 1959 
  have been prepared in accordance with 
the Australian Accounting Standards 
(AAS), other authoritive pronouncements 
of the Australian Accounting Standards 
Board (AASB), AASB and Urgent 
Issues Group Interpretations and the 
Corporations Act 2001
  are presented in Australian dollars
  have been prepared in accordance with 
the historical cost convention except 
that the following assets and liabilities 
are stated at their fair value: derivative 
fi nancial instruments, including the 
fair value of any applicable underlying 
exposure; assets treated as available-
for-sale; fi nancial instruments held 
for trading; term funding instruments 
including specifi c loan capital and 
bonds and notes; assets and liabilities 
designated at fair value through the profi t 
and loss; and defi ned benefi t plan assets 
and liabilities.

The preparation of the fi nancial report 
requires the use of management judgement, 
estimates and assumptions that affect 
reported amounts and the application of 
policies. The estimates and associated 
assumptions are based on historical 
experience and various other factors that 
are believed to be reasonable. Actual results 
may differ from these estimates. Discussion 
of these critical accounting treatments, 
which include complex or subjective 
decisions or assessments, are covered in 
note 2. Such estimates may require review 
in future periods.

The Parent entity is an entity of the kind 
referred to in Australian Securities and 
Investments Commission class order 
98/100. Consequently, amounts in the 
fi nancial report have been rounded to 
the nearest million dollars except where 
otherwise indicated.

The fi nancial report was authorised for issue 
by the directors on 7 November 2007.

International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRS) form the basis of Australian Accounting 
Standards issued by the AASB, being AAS. 
The Group’s application of AAS ensures that 
the Group’s consolidated fi nancial 
statements comply with IFRS. However the 
Company’s fi nancial statements do not 
comply with IFRS.

58  ANZ Annual Report 2007

The accounting policies have been 
consistently applied by all consolidated 
entities and to all periods presented in the 
consolidated fi nancial report, except as 
described in xxvi) below. 

The following standards and amendments 
were available for early adoption but have 
not been applied by the Group in these 
fi nancial statements:
  AASB 7: ‘Financial Instruments: 
Disclosure’. AASB 7 is applicable for 
annual reporting periods beginning 
on or after 1 January 2007.
  AASB 2005-10: ‘Amendments to 
Australian Accounting Standards’ 
(September 2005) makes consequential 
amendments to AASB 132: ‘Financial 
Instruments: Presentation and 
Disclosure’, AASB 101: ‘Presentation 
of Financial Statements’, AASB 114: 
‘Segment Reporting’, AASB 117: ‘Leases’, 
AASB 133: ‘Earnings per Share’, AASB 
139: ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition 
and Measurement’, AASB 1, AASB 4, 
AASB 1023: ‘General Insurance Contracts’ 
and AASB 1038: ‘Life Insurance Contracts’ 
arising from the release of AASB 7. AASB 
2005-10 is applicable for annual reporting 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2007.

AASB 7 requires the disclosure of the 
signifi cance of fi nancial instruments on an 
entity’s fi nancial position and performance 
and of qualitative and quantitative 
information about exposure to risks arising 
from fi nancial instruments. AASB 2005-10 
amendments arise from the release of 
AASB 7 and are only applicable when an 
entity adopts AASB 7.

The Group has not early adopted AASB 7; 
however, certain disclosures have been 
enhanced in preparation for the transition 
to AASB 7.

The initial application of AASB 7 and AASB 
2005-10 is not expected to have an impact 
on the fi nancial results of the Company 
or the Group as these standards are only 
concerned with disclosures.
  AASB 8: ‘Operating Segments’ replaces 
the presentation requirements of 
segment reporting in AASB 114: ‘Segment 
Reporting’. AASB 8 is applicable for 
annual reporting periods beginning on 
or after 1 January 2009. 
  AASB 2007-3: ‘Amendments to 
Australian Accounting Standards’ makes 
consequential amendments to AASB 5: 
‘Non-current Assets Held for Sale 
and Discontinued Operations’, AASB 
107: ‘Cash Flow Statements’, AASB 

119: ‘Employee Benefi ts’, AASB 127: 
‘Consolidated and Separate Financial 
Statements’, AASB 134: ‘Interim Financial 
Reporting’, AASB 136: ‘Impairment 
Assets’, AASB 1023: ‘General Insurance 
Contracts’ and AASB 1038: ‘Life Insurance 
Contracts’ arising from the release of 
AASB 8: ‘Operating Segments’. AASB 
2007-3 is applicable for annual reporting 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2009. 

The application of AASB 8 and AASB 
2007-3 is not expected to have an impact 
on the fi nancial results of the Company 
or the Group as these standards are only 
concerned with disclosures. 
  AASB Interpretation 10: ‘Interim Financial 
Reporting and Impairment’ does not allow 
an entity to reverse impairment losses 
recognised in a previous interim period in 
respect of goodwill, an equity instrument 
or a fi nancial asset carried at cost. AASB 
Interpretation 10 is applicable for annual 
reporting periods beginning on or after 
1 November 2006. 

The application of this interpretation is 
not expected to have a material impact on 
the fi nancial results of the Company or the 
Group as the Company or Group has not 
recognised an impairment loss that would 
be revised under the amended guidance. 
  AASB Interpretation 11: ‘AASB 2 Share-
based Payment – Group and Treasury 
Share Transactions’ addresses the 
classifi cation of share-based payment 
transactions (as equity or cash settled) 
when a parent or another group entity 
transfers the shares. AASB Interpretation 
11 is applicable for annual reporting 
periods beginning on or after 1 March 
2007. 
  AASB 2007-1: ‘Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards’ amends AASB 
2: ‘Share-based Payments’ to insert 
the transitional provisions of IFRS 
2, previously contained in AASB 1: 
‘First-time Adoption of Australian 
Equivalents to International Financial 
Reporting Standards’, arising from AASB 
Interpretation 11: ‘AASB 2 Share-based 
Payments – Group and Treasury Share 
Transactions’. AASB 2007-1 is applicable 
for fi nancial reporting periods beginning 
on or after 1 March 2007.

The application of AASB Interpretation 11 
and AASB 2007-1 is not expected to have 
a material impact on the fi nancial results 
of the Company or the Group as the current 
Group policy refl ects the amended guidance.

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

1: Signifi cant Accounting Policies (continued)

  AASB 2007-4: ‘Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards arising from 
ED 151: ‘Australian Additions to, and 
Deletions from, IFRS’ was approved by the 
AASB in May 2007. AASB 2007-4 brings 
Australian equivalents to International 
Financial Reporting Standards (AIFRS) 
closer to their IFRS equivalents, making 
consequential amendments to 34 
different standards in all. New accounting 
policy options are introduced and a large 
number (but not all) of the Australian-
specifi c disclosures and requirements 
have been eliminated. AASB 2007-4 is 
applicable for annual reporting periods 
beginning on or after 1 July 2007. 

  AASB 2007-7: ‘Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards’ makes minor 
consequential editorial amendments to 
various accounting standards as a result 
of the release of the AASB 2007-4. AASB 
2007-7 is also applicable for annual 
reporting periods beginning on or after 
1 July 2007.

The application of AASB 2007-4 and AASB 
2007-7 is not expected to have a material 
impact on the fi nancial results of the 
Company or the Group as the amendments 
only deal with disclosure or introduce 
accounting options that are unlikely to be 
used by ANZ. 
  In June 2007 the AASB issued a revised 
version of AASB 123: ‘Borrowing Costs’ 
which requires the capitalisation of all 
borrowing costs directly attributable to the 
acquisition, construction or production 
of a qualifying asset. All other borrowing 
costs are immediately recognised as 
expense. The standard is applicable to 
annual reporting periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2009. 
  AASB 2007-6: ‘Amendments to Australian 
Accounting Standards arising from AASB 
123’ makes consequential amendments 
to AASB 1: ‘First-time adoption of 
Australian Equivalents to International 
Financial Reporting Standards’, AASB 101: 
‘Presentation of Financial Statements’, 
AASB 107: ‘Cash Flow Statements’, AASB 
111: ‘Construction Contracts’, AASB 116: 
‘Property, Plant and Equipment’, AASB 
138: ‘Intangible Assets’ as a result of the 
revision to AASB 123 ‘Borrowing Costs’. 
These amendments are applicable to 
annual reporting periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2009.

The impact of applying the revised AASB 123 
and AASB 2007-6 is not expected to have a 
material impact on the fi nancial results of 
the Company or the Group as the qualifying 
assets to which borrowing costs would be 
applied already capitalise borrowing costs.

  In October 2006, the AASB revised 
AASB 101: ‘Presentation of Financial 
Statements’ which removed some of 
the additional Australian disclosure 
requirements previously existing in 
the standard. The revised AASB 101 is 
applicable to annual reporting periods 
beginning on or after 1 January 2007. 

The application of this revised standard is 
not expected to have a material impact on 
the fi nancial results of the Company or the 
Group as the amendments only relate to 
disclosure.

  AASB Interpretation 13: ‘Customer Loyalty 
Programmes’ requires customer loyalty 
award credits to be accounted for as a 
separately identifi able component of a 
sales transaction. Interpretation 13 is 
applicable to fi nancial reporting periods 
beginning on or after 1 July 2008.

The application of AASB Interpretation 13 
is not expected to have a material impact 
on the fi nancial results of the Company or 
the Group as only a small element of the 
revenue generated by the Group’s customer 
loyalty programmes is impacted by the 
interpretation.
  AASB Interpretation 14: ‘The Limit on a 
Defi ned Benefi t Asset, Minimum Funding 
Requirements and their Interaction’ 
clarifi es the amount of surplus that can 
be recognised by an entity sponsoring 
a defi ned benefi t plan where minimum 
funding requirements exist. AASB 
Interpretation 14 is applicable for annual 
reporting periods beginning on or after 
1 January 2008. 

The application of AASB Interpretation 14 
is not expected to have a material impact 
on the fi nancial results of the Company 
or the Group as the defi ned benefi t asset 
currently recognised by the Group is 
relatively immaterial.

The Group does not intend to apply any 
of the above pronouncements until their 
operative date.

ii) Consolidation
The fi nancial statements consolidate 
the fi nancial statements of Australia and 
New Zealand Banking Group Limited (the 
Company) and all of its controlled entities 
where it is determined that there is a 
capacity to control.

Where controlled entities have been sold 
or acquired during the year, their operating 
results have been included to the date of 
disposal or from the date of acquisition. 

Control means the power to govern directly 
or indirectly the fi nancial and operating 

policies of an entity so as to obtain benefi ts 
from its activities. Control is usually present 
when an entity has: power over more than 
one-half of the voting rights of the other 
entity; power to govern the fi nancial and 
operating policies of the other entity; 
power to appoint or remove the majority 
of the members of the board of directors 
or equivalent governing body; or power to 
cast the majority of votes at meetings of the 
board of directors or equivalent governing 
body of the entity. In addition, potential 
voting rights that are presently exercisable or 
convertible are taken into account. However, 
all the facts of a particular situation are 
considered when determining whether 
control exists. In relation to special purpose 
entities, such control is also deemed to 
exist even where an entity owns less than a 
majority of the shareholder or Board voting 
power of such companies, provided that the 
following factors exist:
  the majority of the benefi ts from their 
activities accrue to the entity; and
  the entity has the majority of the residual 
risks and rewards of the special purpose 
entity.

Further detail on special purpose entities 
is provided in note 2(i).

The Group adopts the equity method of 
accounting for associates and the Group’s 
interest in joint venture entities. 

The Group’s share of results of associates 
and joint venture entities is included in the 
consolidated income statement. Shares 
in associates and joint venture entities 
are stated in the consolidated balance 
sheet at cost plus the Group’s share of 
post acquisition net assets. Interests in 
associates and joint ventures are reviewed 
annually for impairment primarily using 
a discounted cash fl ow methodology. In 
the course of completing this impairment 
review other methodologies are considered 
to determine the reasonableness of the 
valuation, including the multiples 
of earnings methodology. 

In the Company’s fi nancial statements, 
investments in associates and joint venture 
entities are carried at cost.

All signifi cant activities of the Group, with 
the exception of the ING Australia Joint 
Venture and the investment in AMMB 
Holdings Berhad are operated through 
wholly owned controlled entities.

Derecognition
The Group enters into transactions where it 
transfers fi nancial assets recognised on its 
balance sheet but retains either all risks and 
rewards of the transferred assets or a portion 

Financial Report  59

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

1: Signifi cant Accounting Policies (continued)

of them. If all or substantially all risks and 
rewards are retained, the transferred assets 
are not derecognised from the balance 
sheet. The main types of fi nancial assets 
that do not qualify for derecognition are 
debt securities held by counterparties as 
collateral under repurchase agreements, 
equity securities lent under securities 
lending agreements and securitised assets. 

In transactions where substantially all 
the risks and rewards of ownership of a 
fi nancial asset are neither retained nor 
transferred, the Group derecognises the 
asset if control over the asset is lost. The 
rights and obligations retained in the 
transfer are recognised separately as assets 
and liabilities as appropriate. In transfers 
where control over the asset is retained, 
the Group continues to recognise the asset 
to the extent of its continuing involvement, 
determined by the extent to which it is 
exposed to changes in the value of the 
transferred asset.

iii) Foreign currency

Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the fi nancial statements 
of each of the Group’s entities are measured 
using the currency of the primary economic 
environment in which the entity operates 
(the functional currency).

The consolidated fi nancial statements are 
presented in Australian dollars, which is 
the Company’s functional and presentation 
currency.

Translation differences on non-monetary 
items, such as derivatives measured at fair 
value through profi t or loss, are reported 
as part of the fair value gain or loss on 
these items. Translation differences on 
non-monetary items measured at fair value 
through equity, such as equities classifi ed 
as available-for-sale fi nancial assets, are 
included in the available-for-sale reserve 
in equity. Translation differences on 
monetary items are recognised in profi t or 
loss in the period in which they arise.

Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated 
into the functional currency using the 
exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the 
transactions. Foreign exchange gains and 
losses resulting from (i) the settlement of 
such transactions, and (ii) the translation 
at year-end exchange rates of monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in 
foreign currencies, are recognised in the 
income statement, except when deferred 
in equity as qualifying cash fl ow hedges 
and qualifying net investment hedges. 

60  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Foreign operations
The results and fi nancial position of all 
Group entities (none of which has the 
currency of a hyperinfl ationary economy), 
that have a functional currency different 
from the Group’s presentation currency, 
are translated into the Group’s presentation 
currency as follows:

(i) assets and liabilities of each foreign 
operation are translated at the rates of 
exchange ruling at balance date;

(ii) revenue and expenses of each foreign 
operation are translated at the average 
exchange rate for the period, unless this 
average is not a reasonable approximation 
of the rate prevailing on transaction date, 
in which case revenue and expenses are 
translated at the exchange rate ruling at 
transaction date; and

(iii) all resulting exchange differences 
are recognised in the foreign currency 
translation reserve. 

On consolidation, exchange differences 
arising from borrowings and other currency 
instruments designated as hedges of net 
investment in foreign operations, are taken 
to the foreign currency translation reserve.

When a foreign operation is disposed, such 
exchange differences are recognised in the 
income statement as part of the gain or loss 
on sale. 

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising 
on the acquisition of a foreign entity are 
treated as assets and liabilities of the 
foreign entity and translated at the rate 
ruling at balance date.

iv) Interest income and interest expense
Interest income and interest expense are 
recognised in the income statement as they 
accrue, using the effective interest method.

The effective interest method calculates 
the amortised cost of a fi nancial asset or 
fi nancial liability and allocates the interest 
income or interest expense, including fees 
and directly related transaction costs that 
are an integral part of the effective interest 
rate, over the expected life of the fi nancial 
instrument. Income and expense on the 
fi nancial instruments are recognised on 
an effective yield basis in proportion to 
the amount outstanding over the period 
to maturity or repayment.

Loan commitment fees, together with related 
direct costs, are deferred and recognised 
as an adjustment to the effective interest 
rate on the loan once drawn or immediately 
to the income statement for expired 
commitments.

v) Fee and commission income
Fees and commissions that are integral to 
the effective interest rate of a fi nancial asset 
or liability are included in the determination 
of the effective interest rate. 
Fees and commissions that relate to the 
execution of a signifi cant act (for example, 
advisory or arrangement services, placement 
fees and underwriting fees) are recognised 
when the signifi cant act has been completed.

Fees charged for providing ongoing services 
(for example, maintaining and administering 
existing facilities) are recognised as income 
over the period the service is provided.

vi) Offsetting of income and expenses
Income and expenses are not offset unless 
required or permitted by an accounting 
standard. At the Group level, this generally 
arises in the following circumstances:
  where transaction costs form an integral 
part of the effective interest rate of a 
fi nancial instrument which is measured 
at amortised cost, these are offset against 
the interest income generated by the 
fi nancial instrument;
  where gains and losses relating to fair 
value hedges are assessed as being 
effective;
  where gains and losses arise from a group 
of similar transactions such as foreign 
exchange gains and losses;
  where amounts are collected on behalf of 
third parties, where the Group is acting as 
an agent only; or
  where costs are incurred on behalf of 
customers from whom the Group is 
reimbursed.

vii) Trading securities and fi nancial assets 
at fair value through profi t or loss
Trading securities are fi nancial instruments 
acquired principally for the purpose of 
selling in the short-term or which are a part 
of a portfolio which is managed for short-
term profi t-taking are initially recognised 
and subsequently measured in the balance 
sheet at their fair value. Additionally, this 
valuation basis is used as an alternative 
to hedge accounting for certain fi nancial 
instruments where specifi c conditions 
are met. 

Derivatives that are neither fi nancial 
guarantee contracts nor effective hedging 
instruments are carried at fair value through 
profi t and loss. In addition, certain fi nancial 
assets and liabilities are designated and 
measured at fair value through profi t or loss 
where any of the following applies:

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

1: Signifi cant Accounting Policies (continued)

  doing so eliminates or signifi cantly 
reduces a measurement or recognition 
inconsistency that would otherwise arise 
from measuring assets and liabilities, or 
recognising the gains or losses thereon, 
on different bases;

  a group of fi nancial assets or fi nancial 
liabilities or both is managed and its 
performance evaluated on a fair value 
basis; or

  the fi nancial instrument contains 
an embedded derivative, unless 
the embedded derivative does not 
signifi cantly modify the cash fl ows or 
it is clear, with little or no analysis, that it 
would not be separately recorded.

Changes in the fair value (gains or losses) 
of these fi nancial instruments are 
recognised in the income statement 
in the period in which they occur.

Purchases and sales of trading securities are 
recognised on trade date.

viii) Derivative fi nancial instruments
Derivative fi nancial instruments are 
contracts whose value is derived from one 
or more underlying price, index or other 
variable. They include swaps, forward 
rate agreements, futures, options and 
combinations of these instruments.

Derivative fi nancial instruments are 
entered into for trading purposes (including 
customer-related reasons), or for hedging 
purposes (where the derivative instruments 
are used to hedge the Group’s exposures 
to interest rate risk, currency risk, price risk, 
credit risk and other exposures relating to 
non-trading positions).

Derivative fi nancial instruments are 
recognised initially on trade date at fair 
value with gains or losses from subsequent 
measurement at fair value being recognised 
in the income statement. Where the 
derivative is designated effective as a 
hedging instrument, the timing of the 
recognition of any resultant gain or loss 
in the income statement is dependent on 
the hedging designation. These hedging 
designations and associated accounting are 
as follows:

  Fair value hedge
  Where the Group hedges the fair value 
of a recognised asset or liability or fi rm 
commitment, changes in the fair value 
of the derivative designated as a fair 
value hedge are recognised in the 

income statement. Changes in the fair 
value of the hedged item attributable 
to the hedged risk are refl ected in 
adjustments to the carrying value of the 
hedged item, which are also recognised 
in the income statement.

  Hedge accounting is discontinued 

when the hedge instrument expires 
or is sold, terminated, exercised or no 
longer qualifi es for hedge accounting. 
The resulting adjustment to the carrying 
amount of the hedged item arising from 
the hedged risk is amortised to the 
income statement over the period to 
maturity.
If the hedged item is derecognised 
from the Group’s balance sheet, the 
unamortised fair value adjustment is 
recognised immediately in the income 
statement.
  Cash fl ow hedge
  The Group designates derivatives as cash 
fl ow hedges where the instrument hedges 
the variability in cash fl ows of a recognised 
asset or liability, a foreign exchange 
component of a fi rm commitment or a 
highly probable forecast transaction. 
The effective portion of changes in the 
fair value of derivatives qualifying and 
designated as cash fl ow hedges is 
deferred to the hedging reserve, which 
forms part of shareholders’ equity. Any 
ineffective portion is recognised 
immediately in the income statement. 
Amounts deferred in equity are recognised 
in the income statement in the period 
during which the hedged forecast 
transactions take place.

  When the hedge expires, is sold, 

terminated, exercised, or no longer 
qualifi es for hedge accounting, the 
cumulative amount deferred in equity 
remains in the hedging reserve, and is 
subsequently transferred to the income 
statement when the hedged item is 
recognised in the income statement.
  When a forecast hedged transaction 
is no longer expected to occur, the 
amount deferred in equity is recognised 
immediately in the income statement.
  Net investment hedge
  Hedges of net investments in foreign 

operations are accounted for similarly to 
cash fl ow hedges. The gain or loss from 
remeasuring the fair value of the hedging 
instrument relating to the effective portion 
of the hedge is deferred in equity and 
the ineffective portion is recognised 
immediately in the income statement. 

Derivatives that do not qualify for 
hedge accounting
All gains and losses from changes in the fair 
value of derivatives that are not designated 
in a hedging relationship but are entered 
into to manage the interest rate and foreign 
exchange risk of funding instruments are 
recognised in the income statement. Under 
certain circumstances, the component 
of the fair value change in the derivative 
which relates to current period realised and 
unrealised interest is included in net interest 
income. The remainder of the fair value 
movement is included in other income.

Embedded derivatives
Derivatives embedded in fi nancial 
instruments or other host contracts are 
treated as separate derivatives when their 
economic characteristics and risks are not 
closely related to those of the host contracts, 
and the host contracts are not measured 
at fair value through profi t and loss. The 
embedded derivative is measured at fair 
value with changes in fair value immediately 
recognised in the income statement.

Cash fl ow treatment
Movements in the derivative fi nancial 
position are recorded in the cash fl ow 
statement when they are settled.

Set-off arrangements
Fair value gains/losses arising from trading 
derivatives are not offset against fair value 
gains/losses on the balance sheet unless 
a legal right of set-off exists and there is an 
intention to settle net.

For contracts subject to master netting 
agreements that create a legal right of set-off 
for which only the net revaluation amount 
is recognised in the income statement, 
net unrealised gains on derivatives are 
recognised as part of other assets and net 
unrealised losses are recognised as part of 
other liabilities.

Financial Report  61

 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

1: Signifi cant Accounting Policies (continued)

ix) Available-for-sale assets
Available-for-sale assets comprise non-
derivative fi nancial assets which the Group 
designates as available-for-sale but which 
are not deemed to be held principally 
for trading purposes, and include equity 
investments, certain loans and advances, 
and fi xed term securities. They are initially 
recognised at fair value plus transaction 
costs. Subsequent gains or losses arising 
from changes in fair value are included 
as a separate component of equity in the 
‘Available-for-sale revaluation reserve’. 
When the asset is sold the cumulative gain 
or loss relating to the asset is transferred 
to the income statement.

Where there is objective evidence of 
impairment on an available-for-sale asset, 
the cumulative loss related to that asset 
is removed from equity and recognised in 
the income statement. If, in a subsequent 
period, the amount of an impairment 
loss relating to an available-for-sale debt 
instrument decreases and the decrease can 
be linked objectively to an event occurring 
after the impairment event, the loss is 
reversed through the income statement. 

Premiums and discounts are included 
within the calculation of the fair value of the 
security. Interest income is accrued on an 
effective yield basis and dividend income 
is recognised when the right to receive 
payment is established.

Purchases and sales of available-for-sale 
fi nancial assets are recognised on trade 
date as with all regular way assets, being 
the date on which the Group commits to 
purchase or sell the asset.

x) Net loans and advances
Net loans and advances are non-derivative 
fi nancial assets with fi xed or determinable 
payments that are not quoted in an active 
market. They arise when the Group provides 
money to a debtor with no intention of 
trading the loans and advances. The loans 
and advances are initially recognised at fair 
value plus transaction costs that are directly 
attributable to the issue of the loan or 
advance. They are subsequently measured 
at amortised cost using the effective 
interest method (refer note 1(iv)). They are 
derecognised when the rights to receive 
cash fl ows have expired or the Group has 
transferred substantially all the risks and 
rewards of ownership.

All loans are subject to scrutiny and graded 
according to the level of credit risk.

Net loans and advances includes direct 
fi nance provided to customers such as 
bank overdrafts, credit cards, term loans, 
fi nance lease receivables and commercial 
bills. Overdrafts, credit cards, fi nance lease 
receivables, term loans and commercial bills 
are carried at amortised cost. 

Customer fi nancing through redeemable 
preference shares is included within net 
loans and advances. Dividends received 
on redeemable preference shares are taken 
to the income statement as part of interest 
income.

xi) Impairment of loans and advances
Loans and advances are reviewed at least 
at each reporting date for impairment.

Credit impairment provisions are raised 
for exposures, including off-balance 
sheet items such as commitments and 
guarantees, that are known to be impaired. 
Exposures are impaired and impairment 
losses are recorded if, and only if, there is 
objective evidence of impairment as a result 
of one or more loss events that occurred 
after the initial recognition of the loan and 
prior to the reporting date, and that loss 
event, or events, has had an impact on the 
estimated future cash fl ows of the individual 
loan or the collective portfolio of loans that 
can be reliably estimated.

Impairment is assessed for assets that are 
individually signifi cant (or on a portfolio 
basis for small value loans), and then on 
a collective basis for those exposures not 
individually known to be impaired.

Exposures that are assessed collectively 
are placed in pools of similar assets with 
similar risk characteristics. The required 
provision is estimated on the basis of 
historical loss experience for assets with 
credit risk characteristics similar to those 
in the collective pool. The historical loss 
experience is adjusted based on current 
observable data.

The estimated impairment losses are 
measured as the difference between the 
assets’ carrying amount and the estimated 
future cash fl ows discounted to their present 
value. As this discount unwinds during the 
period between recognition of impairment 
and recovery of the cash fl ow, it is 
recognised in interest income. The process 
of estimating the amount and timing of cash 
fl ows involves considerable management 
judgment. These judgments are reviewed 
regularly to reduce any differences between 
loss estimates and actual loss experience.

62  ANZ Annual Report 2007

The provision for impairment loss 
(individual and collective) is deducted from 
loans and advances in the balance sheet 
and the movement for the reporting period 
is refl ected in the income statement.

When a loan is uncollectible, it is written-
off against the related provision for loan 
impairment. Subsequent recoveries 
of amounts previously written-off are 
indirectly credited back to the income 
statement.

Where impairment losses recognised 
in previous periods have subsequently 
decreased or no longer exist, such 
impairment losses are indirectly reversed 
in the income statement.

A provision is also raised for off-balance 
sheet items such as commitments and 
guarantees that are considered to be 
onerous.

xii) Leasing

Leases as lessee
Leases entered into by the Group as lessee 
are predominantly operating leases, 
and the operating lease payments are 
recognised as an expense on a straight-line 
basis over the lease term.

Leases as lessor
Contracts to lease assets, and hire purchase 
agreements are classifi ed as fi nance leases 
if they transfer substantially all the risks 
and rewards of ownership of the asset to 
the customer or an unrelated third party. 
All other lease contracts are classifi ed as 
operating leases. 

xiii) Acceptances
Commercial bills accepted but not held in 
portfolio are accounted for as a liability with 
a corresponding contra asset. The liability is 
disclosed as liability for acceptances, and 
the asset is disclosed as Customer’s liability 
for acceptances

The Group’s own acceptances discounted 
are held as part of the trading securities 
portfolio.

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

1: Signifi cant Accounting Policies (continued)

xiv) Goodwill and other intangible assets

Goodwill
Goodwill, representing the excess of the 
purchase consideration over the fair value 
of the identifi able net assets of a controlled 
entity at the date of gaining control, is 
recognised as an asset and not amortised, 
but assessed for impairment annually and 
whenever there is an indication that the 
goodwill may be impaired. This involves, 
where required, using the discounted 
cash fl ow (DCF) or the capitalisation of 
earnings methodology (CEM) to determine 
the expected future benefi ts of the cash-
generating units. Where the assessment 
results in the goodwill balance exceeding 
the value of expected future benefi ts, 
the difference is charged to the income 
statement.

Any impairment of goodwill is not 
subsequently reversed.

Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets include costs 
incurred in acquiring and building software 
and computer systems (“software”).

Software is amortised using the straight-
line method over its expected useful life 
to the Group. The period of amortisation is 
between 3 and 5 years, except for certain 
core infrastructure projects where the useful 
life has been determined to be 7 years.

At each reporting date, software assets 
are reviewed for impairment. If any such 
indication exists, the recoverable amount 
of the assets are estimated and compared 
against the existing carrying value. Where 
the existing carrying value exceeds the 
recoverable amount, the difference is 
charged to the income statement.

Costs incurred in planning or evaluating 
software proposals, or in maintaining 
systems after implementation, are not 
capitalised.

xv) Premises and equipment
Premises and equipment are carried at 
cost less accumulated depreciation and 
impairment.

The gain or loss on the disposal of premises 
and equipment is determined as the 
difference between the carrying amount of 
the assets at the time of disposal and the 
proceeds of disposal, and is included in the 
results in the year of disposal.

Assets other than freehold land are 
depreciated at rates based upon their 
expected useful lives to the Group, using 
the straight-line method. 

The depreciation rates used for each class 
of asset are:

1%
Buildings
10%
Building integrals
10%
Furniture & equipment
Computer & offi ce equipment 12.5%–33%

Leasehold improvements are amortised on 
a straight-line basis over the shorter of their 
useful lives or remaining terms of the lease.

Premises and equipment impairment 
assessment
At each reporting date, the carrying amounts 
of premises and equipment are reviewed 
for impairment. If any such indication 
exists, the recoverable amount of the assets 
are estimated and compared against the 
existing carrying value. Where the existing 
carrying value exceeds the recoverable 
amount, the difference is charged to the 
income statement. If it is not possible to 
estimate the recoverable amount of an 
individual asset, the Group estimates the 
recoverable amount of the cash generating 
unit to which the asset belongs.

A previously recognised impairment loss 
is reversed if there has been a change 
in the estimates used to determine the 
recoverable amount.

xvi) Repurchase agreements
Securities sold under repurchase 
agreements are retained in the fi nancial 
statements where substantially all the risks 
and rewards of ownership remain with 
the Group, and a counterparty liability is 
disclosed under the classifi cations of due 
to other fi nancial institutions or payables 
and other liabilities. The difference between 
the sale price and the repurchase price 
is accrued over the life of the repurchase 
agreement and charged to interest expense 
in the income statement.

Securities purchased under agreements to 
resell, where the Group does not acquire 
the risks and rewards of ownership, are 
recorded as liquid assets, net loans and 
advances, or due from other fi nancial 
institutions, depending on the term of 
the agreement and the counterparty. The 
security is not included in the balance 
sheet. Interest income is accrued on the 
underlying loan amount.

Securities borrowed are not recognised 
in the balance sheet, unless these are 
sold to third parties, at which point the 
obligation to repurchase is recorded as 
a fi nancial liability at fair value with fair 
value movements included in the income 
statement.

xvii) Capitalised expenses
Direct external expenses, comprising 
direct and incremental costs related 
to the acquisition of interest earning 
assets, including structured institutional 
lending, mortgages and fi nance leases, 
are initially recognised as part of the cost 
of acquiring the asset and amortised as 
part of expected yield over its expected 
life using the effective interest method. 
The write-off is to interest income as part 
of the effective interest rate. For assets 
subject to prepayment, expected life is 
determined on the basis of the historical 
behaviour of the particular asset portfolio, 
taking into account contractual obligations 
and prepayment experience assessed on 
a regular basis. Impairment of capitalised 
expenses is assessed through comparing 
the actual behaviour of the portfolio against 
initial expected life assumptions.

xviii) Deposits and other borrowings
Deposits and other borrowings include 
certifi cates of deposit, interest bearing 
deposits, debentures and other related 
interest bearing fi nancial instruments. 
They are measured at amortised cost. The 
interest expense is recognised using the 
effective interest method as explained in 
note 1(iv). 

xix) Bonds, notes and loan capital
Bonds, notes and loan capital are 
accounted for in the same way as deposits 
and other borrowings, except for those 
bonds and notes which are stated at fair 
value, with fair value movements recorded 
in the income statement.

xx) Employee benefi ts

Leave benefi ts
The amounts expected to be paid in respect 
of employees’ entitlements to annual 
leave are accrued at expected salary 
rates including on-costs. Liability for long 
service leave is calculated and accrued 
for in respect of all applicable employees 
(including on-costs) using an actuarial 
valuation. 

Defi ned contribution superannuation 
schemes
The Group operates a number of 
defi ned contribution schemes and also 
contributes, according to local law, in the 
various countries in which it operates, to 
government and other plans that have 
the characteristics of defi ned contribution 
schemes. The Group’s contributions to 
these schemes are recognised as an 
expense in the income statement when 
incurred. 

Financial Report  63

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

1: Signifi cant Accounting Policies (continued)

The option pricing model takes into account 
the exercise price of the option, the risk-free 
interest rate, the expected volatility of ANZ 
ordinary share price and other factors. 
Market vesting conditions are taken into 
account in estimating the fair value.

Performance rights: A Performance Right 
is a right to acquire a share at nil cost to 
the employee subject to satisfactorily 
meeting time and performance hurdles. 
Upon exercise, each Performance Right 
entitles the holder to one ordinary share in 
ANZ. The fair value of Performance Rights 
is determined at grant date using an option 
pricing model, taking into account market 
conditions. The fair value is expensed 
over the relevant vesting period. This is 
recognised as an employee expense with a 
corresponding increase in equity.

Other adjustments: Subsequent to the 
grant of an equity-based award, the amount 
recognised as an expense is adjusted 
for vesting conditions other than market 
conditions so that, ultimately, the amount 
recognised as an expense is based on 
the number of equity instruments that 
eventually vests.

Treasury shares: Shares in the Company 
which are purchased on-market by the 
ANZ Employee Share Acquisition Plan are 
classifi ed as treasury shares (to the extent 
that they relate to unvested employee 
share-based awards) and deducted from 
share capital.

xxi) Provisions
The Group recognises provisions when there 
is a present obligation, the future sacrifi ce 
of economic benefi ts is probable, and the 
amount of the provision can be measured 
reliably. The amount recognised is the best 
estimate of the consideration required to 
settle the present obligation at reporting 
date, taking into account the risks and 
uncertainties surrounding the obligation 
at reporting date. Where a provision is 
measured using the cash fl ows estimated 
to settle the present obligation, its carrying 
amount is the present value of those cash 
fl ows. Any expected third party recoveries 
are recognised as an asset if it is virtually 
certain that recovery will be received 
and the amount of the receivable can be 
measured reliably.

xxii) Offsetting of assets and liabilities
Assets and liabilities are offset and the net 
amount reported in the balance sheet only 
where there is:
  a current enforceable legal right to offset 
the asset and liability; and
  an intention to settle on a net basis, or to 
realise the asset and settle the liability 
simultaneously.

xxiii) Contingent Liabilities
These items are recorded as liabilities 
on the balance sheet when the following 
requirements are met:

  the transaction is probable in that the 
contingency is likely to occur; and 
  the contingency can be reasonably 
estimated.

Further disclosure is made in note 45, 
where the above requirements are not 
met but there is a possible obligation that 
is more than remote. Specifi c details are 
provided together with an estimate of the 
range or a statement that such an estimate 
is not possible.

xxiv) Income tax

Income tax expense
Income tax on earnings for the year 
comprises current and deferred tax and is 
based on the applicable tax law in each 
jurisdiction. It is recognised in the income 
statement as tax expense, except when it 
relates to items credited directly to equity, 
in which case it is recorded in equity, or 
where it arises from the initial accounting 
for a business combination, in which case 
it is included in the determination 
of goodwill.

Current tax
Current tax is the expected tax payable 
on taxable income for the year, based on 
tax rates (and tax laws) which are enacted 
or substantively enacted by the reporting 
date, including any adjustment for tax 
payable in previous years. Current tax for 
current and prior years is recognised as 
a liability (or asset) to the extent that it is 
unpaid (or refundable).

Deferred tax
Deferred tax is accounted for using the 
comprehensive tax balance sheet method. 
It is generated by temporary differences 
between the carrying amounts of assets 
and liabilities for fi nancial reporting 
purposes and their tax base.

Defi ned benefi t superannuation schemes
The Group operates a number of defi ned 
benefi t schemes. The liability and expense 
related to providing benefi ts to employees 
under each defi ned benefi t scheme are 
calculated by independent actuaries. 
A defi ned benefi t liability is recognised, 
to the extent that the present value of 
the defi ned benefi t obligation of each 
scheme, calculated using the Projected 
Unit Credit Method, is greater than the fair 
value of each scheme’s assets. Where this 
calculation results in a benefi t to the Group, 
a defi ned benefi t asset is recognised, which 
is capped at the recoverable amount. In 
each subsequent reporting period, ongoing 
movements in the defi ned benefi t liability or 
asset carrying value is treated as follows:
  the net movement relating to the current 
period’s service cost, interest cost, 
expected return on scheme assets, past 
service costs and other costs (such as the 
effects of any curtailments and settlements) 
is recognised as an employee expense in 
the income statement
  movements relating to actuarial gains and 
losses are recognised directly in retained 
earnings
  contributions incurred are recognised 
directly against the net defi ned benefi t 
position.

Share-based compensation
The Group has various equity settled 
share-based compensation plans. These are 
described in note 47 and largely comprise 
the Employee Share Acquisition Plan and 
the ANZ Share Option Plan.

ANZ ordinary shares: The fair value of ANZ 
ordinary shares granted under the Employee 
Share Acquisition Plan is measured at grant 
date, using the one-day volume weighted 
average market price of ANZ shares. The fair 
value is expensed immediately when shares 
vest immediately or on a straight-line basis 
over the relevant vesting period. This is 
recognised as an employee compensation 
expense with a corresponding increase 
in equity.

Share options: The fair value of share 
options is measured at grant date, using 
an option pricing model. The fair value is 
expensed on a straight-line basis over the 
relevant vesting period. This is recognised 
as an employee compensation expense 
with a corresponding increase in the share 
options reserve. 

64  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

Financial guarantees are initially recognised 
in the fi nancial statements at fair value on 
the date the guarantee was given. This is 
typically the premium received. Subsequent 
to initial recognition, the Group’s liabilities 
under such guarantees are measured at the 
higher of their amortised amount and the 
best estimate of the expenditure required 
to settle any fi nancial obligation arising at 
the balance sheet date. These estimates are 
determined based on experience of similar 
transactions and history of past losses.

xxvi) Change in accounting policy
In May 2005, AASB 2005-1 (an amendment 
to AASB 139: ‘Financial Instruments: 
Recognition and Measurement’) was 
issued which stipulated circumstances 
in which a hedge of a forecast intragroup 
transaction qualifi ed for hedge accounting. 
As a result of this amendment, cash fl ow 
hedge relationships covering New Zealand’s 
revenue fl ows no longer qualifi ed for hedge 
accounting. The realised gains on the 
hedges of future years’ New Zealand dollar 
revenues of $141 million (net of tax) that 
were included in the hedging reserve at 
30 September 2006 were, in line with the 
transitional provisions of AASB 2005-1, 
transferred directly to retained earnings as 
at 1 October 2006.

1: Signifi cant Accounting Policies 
(continued)

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
measured at the tax rates that are expected 
to apply to the year(s) when the asset and 
liability giving rise to them are realised or 
settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) 
that have been enacted or substantively 
enacted by the reporting date. The 
measurement refl ects the tax consequences 
that would follow from the manner in which 
the Group, at the reporting date, recovers or 
settles the carrying amount of its assets and 
liabilities.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for 
all taxable temporary differences, other 
than those in relation to taxable temporary 
differences arising from goodwill.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for 
taxable temporary differences arising on 
investments in controlled entities, branches, 
associates and joint ventures, except where 
the Group is able to control the reversal of 
the temporary differences and it is probable 
that temporary differences will not reverse 
in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax 
assets associated with these interests 
are recognised only to the extent that it is 
probable that the temporary difference will 
reverse in the foreseeable future and there 
will be suffi cient taxable profi ts against 
which to utilise the benefi ts of the temporary 
difference.

Deferred tax assets, including those related 
to the tax effects of income tax losses and 
credits available to be carried forward, 
are recognised only to the extent that it 
is probable that future taxable profi ts will 
be available against which the deductible 
temporary differences or unused tax losses 
and credits can be utilised.

Offsetting
Current and deferred tax assets and 
liabilities are offset only to the extent that 
they relate to income taxes imposed by the 
same taxation authority, there is legal right 
and intention to settle on a net basis and it 
is allowed under the tax law of the relevant 
jurisdiction.

xxv)  Financial guarantee contracts 
Financial guarantee contracts are contracts 
that require the issuer to make specifi ed 
payments to reimburse the holder for a loss 
it incurs because a specifi ed debtor fails 
to make payments when due. Financial 
guarantees are issued in the ordinary course 
of business, consisting of letters of credit, 
guarantees and acceptances.

2: Critical Estimates and Judgements 
Used in Applying Accounting Policies

The Group prepares its consolidated 
fi nancial statements in accordance with 
policies which are based on AAS, other 
authoritative accounting pronouncements of 
the Australian Accounting Standards Board 
(AASB), AASB and Urgent Issues Group 
Interpretations and the Corporations Act 
of 2001. This involves the Group making 
estimates and assumptions that affect 
the reported amounts within the fi nancial 
statements. Estimates and judgements are 
continually evaluated and are based on 
historical factors, including expectations 
of future events that are believed to be 
reasonable under the circumstances. All 
material changes to accounting policies 
and estimates and the application of these 
policies and judgements are approved by 
the Audit Committee of the Board.

A brief explanation of critical estimates and 
judgements, and their impact on the Group, 
follows:

Critical Accounting Estimates and 
Assumptions

Provisions for credit impairment
The accounting policy, as explained in note 
1(xi), relating to measuring the impairment 
of loans and advances, requires the Group 
to assess impairment regularly. The credit 
provisions raised (individual and collective) 
represent management’s best estimate of 
the losses incurred in the loan portfolio at 
balance date based on their experienced 
judgement.

The collective provision is estimated on 
the basis of historical loss experience for 
assets with credit characteristics similar to 
those in the collective pool. The historical 
loss experience is adjusted based on 
current observable data and events and an 
assessment of the impact of model risk. 
The use of such judgements and reasonable 
estimates is considered by management to 
be an essential part of the process and does 
not impact on reliability.

Individual provisioning is applied when the 
full collectibility of one of the Group’s loans 
is identifi ed as being doubtful.

Individual and collective provisioning is 
calculated using discounted expected 
future cash fl ows. The methodology and 
assumptions used for estimating both the 
amount and timing of future cash fl ows are 
revised regularly to reduce any differences 
between loss estimates and actual loss 
experience.

Financial Report  65

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

2: Critical Estimates and Judgements Used in Applying Accounting Policies (continued)

Critical judgements in applying the entity’s 
accounting policies

i) Special purpose and off balance sheet 
entities
The Group may invest in or establish special 
purpose entities (SPEs) to enable it to 
undertake specifi c types of transactions. The 
main types of these SPEs are securitisation 
vehicles, structured fi nance entities, and 
entities used to sell credit protection. 

Where the Group has established SPEs which 
are controlled by the Group to facilitate 
transactions undertaken for Group purposes, 
these are consolidated in the Group’s 
fi nancial statements. 

The Group does not consolidate SPEs that 
it does not control in accordance with the 
Group’s policy outlined in note 1(ii). As it can 
sometimes be diffi cult to determine whether 
the Group has control of an SPE, it makes 
judgements about its exposure to the risks 

and rewards, as well as about its ability to 
make operational decisions for the SPE in 
question. 

The table below summarises the main types 
of SPEs that are not consolidated into the 
Group, the reason for their establishment, 
and the key risks associated with them. ANZ 
does not bear the majority of residual risks 
and rewards of these SPEs.

Type of SPE

Reason for establishment

Key Risks

Securitisation vehicles

Assets are transferred to an SPE which funds 
the purchase by issuing securities. This enables 
ANZ or customers to increase diversity of 
funding sources.

The amount disclosed here is the total assets of 
SPEs managed or arranged by ANZ. It includes 
SPEs that purchase assets from sellers other 
than ANZ.

ANZ may manage securitisation 
vehicles, service assets in a vehicle 
or provide liquidity or other support 
and retains the risks associated with 
the provision of these services.1 Credit 
and market risks associated with the 
underlying assets are not retained or 
assumed by ANZ except to the limited 
extent that ANZ provides arm’s length 
services and facilities. 

SPE Assets

2007
$m

2006
$m

7,786

9,381

Structured fi nance entities2

These entities are set up to assist with the 
structuring of client fi nancing.

ANZ may manage these vehicles and 
also provide derivatives.

n/a

n/a

Credit protection

These entities are set up to allow the Group 
to sell the credit risk on portfolios.

ANZ may manage these vehicles.

2,145

2,145

1   Liquidity support facilities provided in relation to ANZ sponsored securitisation vehicles totalled $5.9 billion as at 30 September 2007,

of which $2.9 billion had been drawn as at that date.

2   ANZ’s net investment in the structured finance entities is $229 million as at 30 September 2007 (30 September 2006: $233 million).

ii) Valuation of investment in ING Australia 
Limited (INGA)
The Group adopts the equity method of 
accounting for its 49% interest in INGA. As 
at 30 September 2007, the Group’s carrying 
value was $1,519 million (September 2006: 
$1,462 million).

The carrying value is subject to a recoverable 
amount test to ensure that this does not 
exceed its recoverable amount at the 
reporting date.

Any excess of carrying value above 
recoverable amount is written off to the 
income statement as an impairment 
write-down.

During the year the Group engaged Ernst & 
Young [ABC] Limited (EY [ABC]) to provide an 
independent valuation of INGA for 31 March 
2007 assessment purposes. The valuation 
was a stand alone market based assessment 
of economic value, and excluded the Group’s 
specifi c synergies. The independent valuation 
was based on a discounted cashfl ow 
approach, with allowance for the cost of 
capital. EY [ABC] presented an independent 
valuation range of $4,750 million to $5,083 

million, refl ecting a range of sales and cost 
base assumptions. Based on this review, 
ANZ believed that no change was required
to the carrying value of the investment as 
at 31 March 2007.

At 30 September 2007, impairment testing 
via a management review was conducted 
to determine whether there were any 
indicators of impairment. The assessment 
involved review of the following indicators of 
impairment:
  Performance
  Operational and regulatory factors
  Economic and industry factors

The assessment did not indicate the 
existence of impairment indicators and 
accordingly no write-down was required.

(iii) Valuation of investment in ING (NZ) 
Holdings Limited (ING NZ)
The Group adopts the equity method of 
accounting for its 49% interest in ING NZ.

As at 30 September 2007, the Group’s 
carrying value was $162 million (September 
2006: $146 million).

The carrying value is subject to a recoverable 
amount test to ensure that this does not 
exceed its recoverable amount at the 
reporting date.

Any excess of carrying value above 
recoverable amount is written off to 
the income statement as an impairment 
write-down.

During the year the Group engaged 
PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) to provide an 
impairment analysis of ING NZ for 31 March 
2007 assessment purposes. The valuation 
was based on a discounted cashfl ow 
approach. 

PwC presented a valuation range as at 
31 December 2006 of $344 million to 
$386 million (at 30 September 2007 
exchange rates), refl ecting a range of sales 
and cost base assumptions. 

PwC also considered the additional cash 
generated by ING NZ in the period between 
31 December 2006 and 31 March 2007 
in order to provide an assessment as at 
31 March 2007 of the appropriateness of 
the carrying value. Based on this review ANZ 
believed that no change was required to the 

66  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

2: Critical Estimates and Judgements Used in Applying Accounting Policies (continued)

transactions, particularly with respect to the 
mix of business, geographic location, growth 
prospects, riskiness of future earnings and 
size of the overall business.

The results of the independent valuation 
carried out as at 31 March 2007 showed 
a fair value in excess of the then current 
carrying value for the CGU and hence the 
carrying value of the goodwill was not 
considered impaired.

In June 2007 the Group obtained 100% 
ownership of ETRADE Australia Limited. This 
acquisition resulted in the recognition of 
$264 million of goodwill.

At 30 September 2007, impairment testing 
via a management review was conducted 
to determine whether there were any 
indicators of impairment in the carrying 
value of ANZ National Bank Limited’s 
goodwill and the goodwill recognised on 
the acquisition of ETRADE Australia Limited. 
The assessment involved review of the 
following indicators of impairment:
  Performance
  Operational and regulatory factors
  Economic and industry factors

The assessment did not indicate the 
existence of impairment and accordingly no 
write-down was required.

v) Signifi cant Associates
The carrying value of all investments 
in associates is subject to an annual 
recoverable amount test. This assessment 
involves ensuring that either the 
investment’s fair value (less costs to sell) is 
greater than its carrying amount or its value 
in use can be estimated to be close to its fair 
value (less costs to sell).

The Group has made several recent 
signifi cant investments in associates and 
each will be subject to an annual recoverable 
amount test. Furthermore, at each reporting 
period, all investments are assessed against 
potential impairment indicators. 

carrying value of the investment as at 
31 March 2007.

At 30 September 2007, impairment testing 
via a management review was conducted to 
determine whether there were any indicators 
of impairment based on the 31 March 2007 
valuation. The assessment involved review 
of the following indicators of impairment:

  Performance
  Operational and regulatory factors
  Economic and industry factors

The assessment did not indicate the 
existence of impairment indicators and 
accordingly no write-down was required.

 iv) Goodwill
The carrying value of goodwill is reviewed 
at each balance date and is written down, 
to the extent that it is no longer supported 
by probable future benefi ts.

Any excess of carrying value over recoverable 
amount is taken to the income statement as 
an impairment write-down.

Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating 
units (CGU) for the purpose of impairment 
testing, which is undertaken at the lowest 
level at which goodwill is monitored for 
internal management reporting purposes. 

Impairment testing of purchased goodwill 
is performed annually in March through 
an independent valuation, by comparing 
the fair value of the CGU with the current 
carrying amount of its net assets, including 
goodwill. Where the current carrying value 
is greater than fair value, a charge for 
impairment of goodwill will be recorded 
in the income statement. 

As at 30 September 2007, the balance 
of goodwill recorded as an asset in ANZ 
National Bank Limited was $2,781 million 
(30 September 2006: $2,828 million). This 
represents the most signifi cant component 
of the Group’s goodwill balance.

In determining the fair value of the CGU 
for testing of the goodwill in ANZ National 
Bank Limited, an independent valuation 
is obtained based on a capitalisation of 
earnings approach. Under this methodology, 
valuation multiples (such as the price to 
earnings (PE) ratio) observed from previous 
transactions in the banking sector and 
current price/cash earnings multiples from 
similar businesses are used to determine 
an appropriate price/earnings multiple for 
the CGU. 

In determining an appropriate price multiple 
for the valuation, judgement is applied 
when assessing comparable companies and 

As at 30 September 2007, the Group has 
reviewed all investments in associates 
against the following impairment indicators:

   actual fi nancial performance against 
budgeted fi nancial performance;
   any material unfavourable operational 
factors and regulatory factors;
   any material unfavourable economic 
outlook and market competitive factors;
   carrying value against market value 
(supported by third-party broker 
valuation); and
   carrying value against market 
capitalisation (for listed investments).
Where appropriate, additional potential 
impairment indicators are reviewed 
which are more specifi c to the respective 
investment.

As at 30 September 2007, no impairment 
of associates was identifi ed as a result of 
either the review of impairment indicators 
listed above, or the recoverable amount test 
performed on longer term investments.

Financial Report  67

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

3: Income

Interest income
Other fi nancial institutions
Trading securities
Available-for-sale assets
Loans and advances 
Acceptances
Other

Controlled entities

Total interest income

Other operating income
Lending fees1
Non-lending fees and commissions arising from fi nancial assets and
liabilities not at fair value through profi t or loss
Fee income on trust and other fi duciary activities where ANZ holds or invests
assets on behalf of its customers
Other fees and commissions

Controlled entities

Total fee and commission income
Fee and commission expense2

Net fee and commission income

Other income
Net foreign exchange earnings
Net (losses)/gains from trading securities3 
Net gains/(losses) from trading derivatives
Movements on fi nancial instruments measured at fair value through profi t or loss4
Settlement of ANZ National Bank Limited warranty claims
Gain on sale of Esanda Fleetpartners
Profi t/(loss) on sale of premises5
Stadium Australia income 
Dividends received from controlled entities
Brokerage income
Other

Total other income

Total other operating income

Share of joint venture profi t from ING Australia and ING (NZ) (refer note 42)
Share of associates’ profi t (refer note 41)

Total share of joint venture and associates’ profi t

Total income6

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

488
955
629
22,049
1,072
1,017

26,210
–

407
526
736
18,802
969
861

22,301
–

373
749
498
14,192
1,072
586

17,470
339

254
384
448
11,791
969
507

14,353
265

26,210

22,301

17,809

14,618

491

150

20
1,956

2,617
–

2,617
(237)

430

131

17
1,808

2,386
–

2,386
(241)

374

139

–
1,340

1,853
178

2,031
(168)

336

121

–
1,222

1,679
173

1,852
(175)

2,380

2,145

1,863

1,677

510
(47)
416
100
–
195
37
38
–
55
140

1,444

447
(7)
216
49
14
–
2
–
–
3
146

870

523
(21)
133
80
–
–
–
–
1,134
–
67

203
(17)
167
36
–
–
–
–
1,145
2
83

1,916

1,619

3,824

3,015

3,779

3,296

172
87

259

138
56

194

–
–

–

–
–

–

30,293

25,510

21,588

17,914

1  Lending fees exclude fees treated as part of the effective yield calculation and included in interest income (refer note 1(iv)).
2  Comprises interchange fees paid.
3  Does not include interest income.
4  Includes any fair value movements (excluding realised and accrued interest) on derivatives entered into to manage interest rate and foreign exchange risk on funding instruments, 

and not designated as accounting hedges, ineffective portions of cashflow hedges, and fair value movements in financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value. 
The net gain on financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value was $127 million (2006: $128 million) for the Group and $125 million (2006: $125 million) for the Company.

5  Gross proceeds on sale of premises is $63 million (2006: $4 million).
6  Total income includes external dividend income of $99 million (2006: $53 million) for the Group and $1 million (2006: $6 million) for the Company.

68  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

4: Expenses

Interest expense
Financial institutions
Deposits
Borrowing corporations’ debt
Commercial paper
Acceptances
Loan capital, bonds and notes
Other

Controlled entities

Total interest expense

Operating expenses

i) Personnel
Employee entitlements and taxes
Salaries and wages
Superannuation costs – defi ned benefi t plans (refer note 46)
Superannuation costs – defi ned contribution plans
Equity-settled share-based payments (refer note 47)
Temporary staff
Other

Total personnel expenses

ii) Premises
Amortisation of leasehold improvements (refer note 22)
Depreciation of buildings and integrals (refer note 22)
Rent
Utilities and other outgoings
Other

Total premises expenses

iii) Computer 
Computer contractors
Data communication
Depreciation and amortisation1
Rentals and repairs
Software purchased
Software written-off
Other

Total computer expenses

iv) Other
Advertising and public relations
Amortisation of other intangible assets (refer note 20)
Audit and other fees (refer note 5)
Depreciation of furniture and equipment (refer note 22)
Freight and cartage
Loss on sale of equipment
Non-lending losses, frauds and forgeries
Postage and stationery
Professional fees
Settlement of NHB insurance claim
Telephone
Travel
Other

Total other expenses

Total operating expenses

Total expenses

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

872
10,123
671
1,210
915
4,628
489

18,908
–

636
8,000
652
1,440
809
3,387
434

15,358
–

764
6,876
–
394
915
3,509
386

12,844
304

527
5,296
–
245
809
2,537
299

9,713
628

18,908

15,358

13,148

10,341

236
1,892
11
180
62
131
479

2,991

207
1,746
11
160
76
121
461

2,782

163
1,314
6
139
50
94
353

2,119

137
1,201
6
121
65
75
338

1,943

22
22
254
138
26

462

50
71
208
73
134
16
40

592

157
6
12
57
53
3
43
115
130
–
55
152
125

908

18
15
228
128
23

412

47
64
208
68
117
10
41

555

175
3
12
48
47
4
55
116
120
(113)
56
136
123

782

16
4
169
96
19

304

38
44
174
54
100
14
13

437

97
4
8
44
46
2
48
74
89
–
27
102
222

763

12
2
146
92
24

276

39
40
170
49
84
10
19

411

123
3
8
36
40
2
18
73
91
(113)
30
89
220

620

4,953

4,531

3,623

3,250

23,861

19,889

16,771

13,591

1  Comprises software amortisation of $122 million (2006: $114 million), refer note 20, and computer depreciation of $86 million (2006: $94 million), refer note 22. The Company comprises 

software amortisation of $109 million (2006: $100 million), refer note 20, and computer depreciation of $65 million (2006: $70 million), refer note 22.

Financial Report  69

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

5: Compensation of Auditors

KPMG Australia
Audit or review of fi nancial reports of the Company or Group
Other audit-related services1
Other assurance services2

Total

Overseas related practices of KPMG Australia
Audit or review of fi nancial reports of Group entities
Other audit-related services1
Other assurance services2

Total compensation of auditors

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$’000

2006
$’000

2007
$’000

2006
$’000

6,696
2,210
110

6,462
1,152
209

5,624
1,575
110

5,572
878
209

9,016

7,823

7,309

6,659

2,678
760
–

2,654
1,031
38

3,438

3,723

584
374
–

958

527
497
–

1,024

12,454

11,546

8,267

7,683

It is Group policy that KPMG Australia or any of its related practices may provide assurance and other audit-related services that, while outside the scope of the statutory audit, are consistent with 
the role of auditor. These include regulatory and prudential reviews requested by the Company’s regulators such as the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA). KPMG Australia or any 
of its related practices may not provide services that are perceived to be materially in conflict with the role of auditor. These include consulting advice and subcontracting of operational activities 
normally undertaken by management, and engagements where the auditor may ultimately be required to express an opinion on its own work. However, non-audit services that are not perceived 
to be materially in conflict with the role of auditor may be provided by KPMG Australia or any of its related practices subject to the approval of the Audit Committee.

1  Includes prudential supervision reviews for central banks and work required for local statutory purposes.
2  Other assurance services includes:

Consolidated

Sustainability review 
Compliance testing for securitisation

transaction
Training course 

Total

2007
$’000

–

66
44

110

2006
$’000

203

–
44

247

70  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

6: Income Tax Expense

(a) Income tax recognised in the Income Statement

Tax expense/(income) comprises:

Income tax expense/(income)

  Adjustments recognised in the current year in relation to the current tax of prior years
  Deferred tax expense/(income) relating to the origination and reversal of 

temporary differences

  Benefi ts arising from previously unrecognised tax losses, tax credits, 
  or temporary differences of a prior period that is used to reduce:

 - current tax expense

Total income tax expense charged in the Income Statement

Reconciliation of the prima facie income tax expense on pre-tax profi t 
with the income tax expense charged in the Income Statement.

Operating profi t before income tax

Prima facie income tax expense at 30%

Change in income tax expense due to:
   Overseas tax rate differential
   Rebateable and non-assessable dividends
   Other non-assessable income
   Profi t from associated and joint venture entities
   Recognition of previously unrecognised capital losses
  Restatement of deferred tax balances for New Zealand tax rate change
  Foreign exchange translation of US Hybrid loan capital
   Other

Income tax (over) provided in previous years

Total income tax expense charged in the Income Statement

Effective Tax Rate

Australia

Overseas

(b) Income tax recognised directly in equity

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

1,847
(2)

1,754
(4)

1,185
(4)

1,206
–

(101)

(225)

(238)

(333)

(66)

(3)

1,678

1,522

(65)

878

(2)

871

5,865

1,760

5,214

1,564

4,429

1,329

4,045

1,214

30
(10)
(3)
(75)
(54)
24
–
8

25
(6)
(9)
(57)
–
–
–
9

1,680

1,526

(2)

(4)

1,678

1,522

(2)
(340)
–
–
(54)
–
(67)
16

882

(4)

878

(5)
(345)
–
–
–
–
9
(2)

871

–

871

28.6%

29.2%

19.8%

21.5%

1,073

605

984

538

797

81

784

87

The following income tax amounts were charged directly to equity during the period 

135

2

99

(3)

Tax consolidation  
The Company and all its wholly owned Australian resident entities are part of a tax-consolidated group under Australian taxation law. 
The Company is the head entity in the tax-consolidated group. Tax expense/income and deferred tax liabilities/assets arising from temporary 
differences of the members of the tax-consolidated group are recognised in the separate fi nancial statements of the members of the tax-
consolidated group on a ‘group allocation’ basis. Current tax liabilities and assets of the tax consolidated group are recognised by the Company 
(as head entity in the tax-consolidated group).

Due to the existence of a tax funding arrangement between the entities in the tax-consolidated group, amounts are recognised as payable to or 
receivable by the Company and each member of the group in relation to the tax contribution amounts paid or payable between the Company 
and the other members of the tax-consolidated group in accordance with the arrangement.

Members of the tax-consolidated group have also entered into a tax sharing agreement that provides for the allocation of income tax liabilities 
between the entities should the head entity default on its income tax payment obligations.

Financial Report  71

 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

7: Dividends

Ordinary dividends1
Interim dividend
Final dividend2
Bonus option plan adjustment

Dividends on ordinary shares

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

1,144
1,267
(48)

1,024
1,078
(34)

1,144
1,267
(48)

1,024
1,078
(34)

2,363

2,068

2,363

2,068

1  Dividends are not accrued and are recorded when paid. 
2  Proposed final dividend of $1,381 million for 2007, based on the forecast number of ordinary shares on issue at the dividend record date, is not included in the table above.

A fi nal dividend of 74 cents, fully franked, is proposed to be paid on each fully paid ordinary share on 21 December 2007 (2006: fi nal dividend 
of 69 cents, paid 15 December 2006, fully franked). The 2007 interim dividend of 62 cents, paid 2 July 2007, was fully franked (2006: interim 
dividend of 56 cents, paid 3 July 2006, fully franked).

The tax rate applicable to the franking credits attached to the interim dividend and to be attached to the proposed fi nal dividend is 30% 
(2006: 30%).

Dividends paid in cash or satisfi ed by the issue of shares under the dividend reinvestment plan during the years ended 30 September 2007 
and 2006 were as follows:

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

1,921
442

2006
$m

1,903
165

2007
$m

1,921
442

2006
$m

1,903
165

2,363

2,068

2,363

2,068

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

37

37

27

27

–

–

–

–

Paid in cash
Satisfi ed by issue of shares

Preference dividends
Euro Trust Securities

Dividends on preference shares

72  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

7: Dividends (continued)

Euro Trust Securities
On 13 December 2004, the Group issued 500,000 Euro Floating Rate Non-cumulative Trust Securities (“Euro Trust Securities”) at €1,000 each 
into the European market, raising €500 million ($871 million at the spot rate at the date of issue, net of issue costs). The Euro Trust Securities 
comprise 2 fully paid securities – an interest paying unsecured note issued by a United Kingdom subsidiary (ANZ Jackson Funding PLC) and 
a fully paid €1,000 preference share issued by the Company, which are stapled together and issued as a Euro Trust Security by ANZ Capital 
Trust III.

Distributions on Euro Trust Securities are non-cumulative and are payable quarterly in arrears (on 15 March, 15 June, 15 September, 
15 December of each year) based upon a fl oating distribution rate equal to 3 month EURIBOR rate plus a 66 basis point margin. At each 
payment date the 3 month EURIBOR rate is reset for the next quarter. Dividends are not payable on the preference share while it is stapled to 
the note. If distributions are not paid on Euro Trust Securities, the Company may not pay dividends or return capital on its ordinary shares or 
any other share capital or security ranking equal or below the preference share component. (Refer to note 30 for further details.)

Dividend Franking Account
The amount of franking credits available to the Company for the subsequent fi nancial year is $580 million (2006: $341 million) after adjusting 
for franking credits that will arise from the payment of tax on Australian profi ts for the 2007 fi nancial year, $592 million of franking credits which 
will be utilised in franking the proposed fi nal dividend and franking credits that may not be accessible by the Company at present.

Restrictions which Limit the Payment of Dividends
There are presently no signifi cant restrictions on the payment of dividends from controlled entities to the Company. Various capital adequacy, 
liquidity, statutory reserve and other prudential requirements must be observed by certain controlled entities and the impact on these 
requirements caused by the payment of cash dividends is monitored. 

There are presently no restrictions on payment of dividends by the Company. Reductions of shareholders’ equity through payment of cash 
dividends is monitored having regard to the regulatory requirements to maintain a specifi ed capital adequacy ratio. In particular, the Australian 
Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) has advised that a bank under its supervision must consult with it before declaring a coupon payment 
on a Tier 1 instrument, including a dividend if the bank has incurred a loss, or proposes to pay coupon payments on Tier 1 instruments 
(including dividends), which exceed the level of current year profi ts.

Dividend Reinvestment Plan
During the year, 3,613,226 ordinary shares were issued at $28.25 per share, and 11,621,468 ordinary shares at $29.29 per share, under the 
dividend reinvestment plan (2006: 3,545,901 ordinary shares at $23.85 per share, and 3,039,401 ordinary shares at $26.50 per share). 
All eligible shareholders can elect to participate in the dividend reinvestment plan.

A number of changes have been made to the terms and conditions of the dividend reinvestment plan and bonus option plan, effective for 
the 2007 fi nal dividend only, including the application of a 1.5% discount. For the 2007 fi nal dividend only, the balance of the dividend 
not reinvested by shareholders in the dividend reinvestment plan or foregone by shareholders under the bonus option plan, will be fully 
underwritten by UBS AG, Australia branch. 

Bonus Option Plan
The amount of dividends paid during the year has been reduced as a result of certain eligible shareholders participating in the bonus option 
plan and foregoing all or part of their right to dividends. These shareholders were issued bonus shares.

During the year, 1,729,427 ordinary shares were issued under the bonus option plan (2006: 1,384,144 ordinary shares).

Final dividend 2006
Interim dividend 2007

Determined
dividend
$m

Bonus
option plan
adjustment
$m

1,267
1,144

2,411

(19)
(29)

(48)

Amount
paid
$m

1,248
1,115

2,363

Financial Report  73

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

8: Earnings per Ordinary Share

Basic earnings per share (cents)
Earnings reconciliation ($millions)
Profi t for the year
Less: profi t attributable to minority interests
Less: preference share dividend paid
Earnings used in calculating basic earnings per share
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (millions)
Diluted earnings per share (cents)
Earnings reconciliation ($millions)
Earnings used in calculating basic earnings per share
Add: US Trust Securities interest expense
Add: ANZ StEPS interest expense
Add: UK Hybrid interest expense
Earnings used in calculating diluted earnings per share

Weighted average number of ordinary shares (millions)
Used in calculating basic earnings per share
Add: potential conversion of options to ordinary shares

potential conversion of US Trust Securities to ordinary shares at current market price
potential conversion of ANZ StEPS to ordinary shares
potential conversion of UK Hybrid Securities to ordinary shares

Used in calculating diluted earnings per share

Consolidated

2007

224.1

4,187
7
37
4,143
1,848.5
218.3

4,143
44
50
21

4,258

1,848.5
15.2
42.0
34.5
10.7

1,950.9

2006

200.0

3,692
4
27
3,661
1,830.3
194.0

3,661
53
45
–

3,759

1,830.3
13.9
54.8
38.2
–

1,937.2

The weighted average number of converted and lapsed options, weighted with reference to the date of conversion or lapse, and included in the 
calculation of diluted earnings per share is approximately 2 million. 

9: Liquid Assets

Australia
Coins, notes and cash at bankers
Money at call, bills receivable and remittances in transit
Securities purchased under agreement to resell in less than 90 days

New Zealand
Coins, notes and cash at bankers
Money at call, bills receivable and remittances in transit
Other banks’ certifi cates of deposit
Securities purchased under agreement to resell in less than 90 days

Overseas Markets
Coins, notes and cash at bankers
Money at call, bills receivable and remittances in transit
Other banks’ certifi cates of deposit
Securities purchased under agreement to resell in less than 90 days

Total liquid assets
Maturity analysis based on original term to maturity
Less than 90 days
More than 90 days
Total liquid assets

10: Due from Other Financial Institutions

Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Total due from other fi nancial institutions
Maturity analysis based on original term to maturity 
Less than 90 days
More than 90 days
Total due from other fi nancial institutions

74  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

844
656
3,824
5,324

2,585
1,302
1,403
277
5,567

238
2,582
3,276
–
6,096
16,987

12,307
4,680
16,987

1,286
938
4,776
7,000

913
1,398
1,351
260
3,922

251
2,279
1,566
1
4,097
15,019

11,633
3,386
15,019

709
489
3,824
5,022

1,242
892
4,776
6,910

–
–
–
–
–

113
2,324
3,159
–
5,596
10,618

6,701
3,917
10,618

–
–
–
–
–

111
1,946
1,460
–
3,517
10,427

8,050
2,377
10,427

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

2,857
1,546
3,637
8,040

6,767
1,273
8,040

2006
$m

3,090
3,236
3,339
9,665

8,711
954
9,665

2007
$m

2,853
–
3,281
6,134

5,339
795
6,134

2006
$m

3,068
–
3,185
6,253

5,520
733
6,253

 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

11: Trading Securities
Trading securities are allocated between Australia, New Zealand and Overseas Markets based on the domicile of the issuer 

Listed – Australia
Other securities and equity securities

Listed – Overseas Markets
Other government securities

Total listed

Unlisted – Australia
Commonwealth securities
Local, semi-government and other government securities
ANZ accepted bills
Other securities and equity securities

Unlisted – New Zealand
Other government securities
Other securities and equity securities

Unlisted – Overseas Markets
Other government securities
Other securities and equity securities

Total unlisted

Total trading securities

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

31

31

27

27

58

556
3,611
2,305
6,204

12,676

124
1,489

1,613

299
521

820

15,109

15,167

5

5

44

44

49

328
2,635
1,569
2,639

7,171

210
1,220

1,430

–
529

529

9,130

9,179

31

31

27

27

58

556
3,611
2,305
6,020

12,492

–
–

–

288
521

809

13,301

13,359

5

5

44

44

49

328
2,635
1,569
2,363

6,895

37
–

37

–
527

527

7,459

7,508

12: Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative instruments are contracts whose value is derived from one or more underlying variables or indices, require little or no initial net 
investment and are settled at a future date. Derivatives include contracts traded on registered exchanges and contracts agreed between 
counterparties, called “Over the Counter” or “OTCs”. The use of derivatives and their sale to customers as risk management products is an 
integral part of the Group’s trading activities. Derivatives are also used to manage the Group’s own exposure to fl uctuations in exchange and 
interest rates as part of its asset and liability management activities (i.e. balance sheet risk management). 

Derivatives are subject to the same types of credit and market risk as other fi nancial instruments, and the Group manages these risks in a 
consistent manner.

Types of derivative instruments
The principal foreign exchange rate contracts used by the Group are forward foreign exchange contracts, currency swaps and currency options. 
Forward foreign exchange contracts are agreements to buy or sell a specifi ed quantity of foreign currency on a specifi ed future date at an agreed 
rate. A currency swap generally involves the exchange, or notional exchange, of equivalent amounts of two currencies and a commitment to 
exchange interest periodically until the principal amounts are re-exchanged on a future date. Currency options provide the buyer with the right, 
but not the obligation, either to purchase or sell a fi xed amount of a currency at a specifi ed rate on or before a future date. As compensation for 
assuming the option risk, the option writer generally receives a premium at the start of the option period.

The principal commodity contracts used by the Group are forward commodity contracts, commodity swaps and commodity options. Forward 
commodity contracts are agreements for the payment of the difference between a specifi ed commodity price and a fi xed rate on a notional 
volume of the commodity at a future date. A commodity swap generally involves the exchange of the return on the commodity for a fi xed or 
fl oating interest payment without the exchange of the underlying commodity or principal amount. Commodity options provide the buyer with 
the right, but not the obligation, to exchange the difference between a specifi ed commodity price and a fi xed rate on a notional volume of the 
commodity at a future date. As compensation for assuming the option risk, the option writer generally receives a premium at the start of the 
option period. In certain circumstances the option premium is paid at the end of the option period. 

The principal interest rate contracts used by the Group are forward rate agreements, interest rate futures, interest rate swaps and options. 
Forward rate agreements are contracts for the payment of the difference between a specifi ed interest rate and a reference rate on a notional 
deposit at a future settlement date. There is no exchange of principal. An interest rate future is an exchange traded contract for the delivery of a 
standardised amount of a fi xed income security or time deposit at a future date. Interest rate swap transactions generally involve the exchange 
of fi xed and fl oating interest payment obligations without the exchange of the underlying principal amounts. Interest rate options provide the 
buyer with the right but not the obligation either to receive or pay interest at a specifi ed rate on or before a future date. As compensation for 
assuming the option risk, the option writer generally receives a premium at the start of the option period.

Financial Report  75

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

12: Derivative Financial Instruments (continued)

The principal credit contracts used by the Group are default swaps. Default swaps are contracts that provide for a specifi ed payment to be made 
to the purchaser of the swap following a defi ned credit event.

Derivatives, except for those that are specifi cally designated as effective hedging instruments, are classifi ed as held for trading. The held for 
trading classifi cation includes two categories of derivative instruments: those held as trading positions and those used for the Group’s balance 
sheet risk management.

Trading positions
Trading positions consist of both sales to customers and market making activities. Sales to customers include the structuring and marketing 
of derivative products to customers which enable them to take or mitigate risks. Market making activities consist of derivatives entered into 
principally for the purpose of generating profi ts from short-term fl uctuations in price or margins. Positions may be traded actively or held over a 
period of time to benefi t from expected changes in market rates. 

Gains or losses, including any current period interest, from the change in fair value of trading positions are recognised in the income statement 
as ‘other income’ in the period in which they occur. 

Balance sheet risk management 
The Group designates balance sheet risk management derivatives into hedging relationships in order to minimise income statement volatility. 
This volatility is created by differences in the timing of recognition of gains and losses between the derivative and the hedged item. Hedge 
accounting is not applied to all balance sheet risk management positions. 

Gains or losses from the change in fair value of balance sheet risk management derivatives that form part of an effective hedging relationship 
are recognised in the income statement based on the hedging relationship. Any ineffectiveness is recognised in the income statement as ‘other 
income’ in the period in which it occurs.

Gains or losses, excluding any current period interest, from the change in fair value of balance sheet risk management positions that are not 
designated into hedging relationships are recognised in the income statement as ‘other income’ in the period in which they occur. Current 
period interest is included in interest income and expense. 

The following tables provide an overview of the Group’s and the Company’s foreign exchange rate, commodity, credit and interest rate 
derivatives. They include all trading and balance sheet risk management contracts. Notional principal amounts measure the amount of the 
underlying physical or fi nancial commodity and represent the volume of outstanding transactions. They are not a measure of the risk associated 
with a derivative. The derivative instruments become favourable (assets) or unfavourable (liabilities) as a result of fl uctuations in market 
rates relative to their terms. The aggregate contractual or notional amount of derivative fi nancial instruments on hand, the extent to which 
instruments are favourable or unfavourable, and as a consequence the aggregate fair values of derivative fi nancial assets and liabilities, can 
fl uctuate signifi cantly from time to time. The fair values of derivative instruments held and notional principal amounts are set out as follows.

76  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

12: Derivative Financial Instruments (continued)

Consolidated at 
30 September 2007

Foreign exchange contracts
Spot and forward contracts
Swap agreements
Futures contracts
Options purchased
Options sold
Collateral

Commodity contracts
Derivative contracts

Interest rate contracts
Forward rate agreements
Swap agreements
Futures contracts
Options purchased
Options sold

Credit contracts 
Credit default swaps

Trading

Fair value

Hedging

Notional
principal
amount
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Fair value

Cash fl ow

Net investment
in foreign operations
Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

278,479
141,881
144
6,476
9,718
–

4,605
6,270
7
1,047
–
(1,875)

(6,570)
(6,320)
(6)
–
(1,001)
1,612

436,698

10,054

(12,285)

–
440
–
–
–
–

440

–
(587)
–
–
–
–

(587)

15,429

1,664

(1,600)

–

–

137,039
944,079
96,815
26,621
22,711

13
7,755
961
142
–

(15)
(7,902)
(987)
–
(115)

1,227,265

8,871

(9,019)

–
538
–
–
–

538

–
(284)
–
–
–

(284)

1
–
–
–
–
–

1

–

2
311
18
–
–

331

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–

–
(114)
(9)
–
–

(123)

47,702

307

(282)

–

–

–

–

31
–
–
–
–
–

31

–

–
–
–
–
–

–

–

1,727,094

20,896

(23,186)

978

(871)

332

(123)

31

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–

–
–
–
–
–

–

–

–

Total fair value
of derivatives

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

4,637
6,710
7
1,047
–
(1,875)

(6,570)
(6,907)
(6)
–
(1,001)
1,612

10,526

(12,872)

1,664

(1,600)

15
8,604
979
142
–

(15)
(8,300)
(996)
–
(115)

9,740

(9,426)

307

(282)

22,237

(24,180)

Financial Report  77

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

12: Derivative Financial Instruments (continued)

Consolidated at 
30 September 2006

Foreign exchange contracts
Spot and forward contracts
Swap agreements
Futures contracts
Options purchased
Options sold
Collateral

Commodity contracts
Derivative contracts

Interest rate contracts
Forward rate agreements
Swap agreements
Futures contracts
Options purchased
Options sold

Credit contracts 
Credit default swaps

Trading

Fair value

Hedging

Notional
principal
amount
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Fair value

Cash fl ow

Net investment
in foreign operations
Liabilities
Assets
$m
$m

Total fair value
of derivatives

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

217,522
110,638
187
9,150
13,906
–

2,054
2,714
45
259
–
(1,279)

(2,195)
(2,247)
(29)
–
(202)
1,256

351,403

3,793

(3,417)

–
114
–
–
–
–

114

–
(64)
–
–
–
–

(64)

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

7,793

1,055

(916)

–

–

–

–

96,147
589,135
99,184
17,733
33,638

14
3,296
249
141
–

(10)
(3,566)
(242)
–
(100)

835,837

3,700

(3,918)

–
212
–
–
–

212

–
(263)
–
–
–

(263)

–
211
2
–
–

213

–
(61)
(2)
–
–

(63)

23,965

76

(78)

–

–

–

–

1,218,998

8,624

(8,329)

326

(327)

213

(63)

1
–
–
–
–
–

1

–

–
–
–
–
–

–

–

1

(34)
–
–
–
–
–

2,055
2,828
45
259
–
(1,279)

(2,229)
(2,311)
(29)
–
(202)
1,256

(34)

3,908

(3,515)

–

1,055

(916)

–
–
–
–
–

–

–

14
3,719
251
141
–

(10)
(3,890)
(244)
–
(100)

4,125

(4,244)

76

(78)

(34)

9,164

(8,753)

78  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Trading

Fair value

Hedging

Total fair value
of derivatives

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Fair value

Cash fl ow

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

12: Derivative Financial Instruments (continued)

Company at 
30 September 2007

Foreign exchange contracts
Spot and forward contracts
Swap agreements
Futures contracts
Options purchased
Options sold
Collateral

Commodity contracts
Derivative contracts

Interest rate contracts
Forward rate agreements
Swap agreements
Futures contracts
Options purchased
Options sold

Credit contracts
Credit default swaps

Notional
principal
amount
$m

263,920
164,933
144
6,047
9,481
–

4,333
7,089
7
1,033
–
(1,419)

(6,115)
(9,051)
(6)
–
(995)
1,513

–
356
–
–
–
–

356

–
(581)
–
–
–
–

(581)

444,525

11,043

(14,654)

15,429

1,664

(1,600)

–

–

85,748
730,968
81,560
26,568
22,700

11
6,481
957
124
–

(13)
(6,542)
(957)
–
(115)

947,544

7,573

(7,627)

47,680

307

(282)

1,455,178

20,587

(24,163)

–
222
–
–
–

222

–

578

–
(176)
–
–
–

(176)

–

(757)

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–

2
218
18
–
–

238

–

238

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–

–
(72)
(9)
–
–

(81)

4,333
7,445
7
1,033
–
(1,419)

(6,115)
(9,632)
(6)
–
(995)
1,513

11,399

(15,235)

1,664

(1,600)

13
6,921
975
124
–

(13)
(6,790)
(966)
–
(115)

8,033

(7,884)

–

307

(282)

(81)

21,403

(25,001)

Financial Report  79

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

12: Derivative Financial Instruments (continued)

Trading

Fair value

Hedging

Total fair value
of derivatives

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Assets
$m

Liabilities
$m

Fair value

Cash fl ow

Notional
principal
amount
$m

201,577
149,823
187
8,782
13,644
–

1,902
3,086
45
250
–
(1,279)

(1,948)
(2,292)
(29)
–
(193)
571

–
112
–
–
–
–

112

–
(64)
–
–
–
–

(64)

374,013

4,004

(3,891)

8,074

1,056

(917)

–

–

85,514
460,101
84,259
17,863
34,092

7
2,843
248
124
–

(6)
(2,992)
(241)
–
(100)

681,829

3,222

(3,339)

23,940

76

(78)

1,087,856

8,358

(8,225)

–
121
–
–
–

121

–

233

–
(106)
–
–
–

(106)

–

(170)

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–

–
194
2
–
–

196

–

196

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–

–
(45)
(2)
–
–

(47)

–

(47)

1,902
3,198
45
250
–
(1,279)

(1,948)
(2,356) 
(29)
–
(193)
571

4,116

(3,955)

1,056

(917)

7
3,158
250
124
–

(6)
(3,143)
(243)
–
(100)

3,539

(3,492)

76

(78)

8,787

(8,442)

Company at 
30 September 2006

Foreign exchange contracts
Spot and forward contracts
Swap agreements
Futures contracts
Options purchased
Options sold
Collateral

Commodity contracts
Derivative contracts

Interest rate contracts
Forward rate agreements
Swap agreements
Futures contracts
Options purchased
Options sold

Credit contracts
Credit default swaps

80  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

12: Derivative Financial Instruments (continued)

Credit risk on derivative instruments
The credit risk of derivative fi nancial instruments arises from the potential for a counterparty to default on its contractual obligation. Credit risk 
arises when market movements are such that the derivative has a positive value to the Group. It is the cost of replacing the contract in the event 
of counterparty default. The Group limits its credit risk within a conservative framework by dealing with creditworthy counterparties, setting 
credit limits on exposures to counterparties, and obtaining collateral where appropriate.

The Group further restricts its exposure to credit losses by entering into master agreements with counterparties with which it undertakes a 
signifi cant volume of transactions. The use of a master agreement does not generally result in an offset of balance sheet assets and liabilities. 
However, the credit risk is reduced by a master agreement to the extent that if an event of default occurs, all contracts with the counterparty 
are terminated and settled on a net basis. Despite this, as a result of the number of transactions that are usually subject to such master 
agreements, the Group’s overall exposure to credit risk on derivative instruments can change substantially within a short period.

Hedging Relationships
There are three types of allowable hedging relationships: fair value hedges, cash fl ow hedges and hedges of a net investment in a foreign 
operation. Each has specifi c requirements when accounting for the fair value changes in the hedging relationship. For details on the accounting 
treatment of each type of hedging relationship refer to Note 1 (viii).

Fair value hedges 
The risk being hedged in a fair value hedge is a change in the fair value of an asset or liability or unrecognised fi rm commitment that may affect 
the income statement. Changes in fair value might arise through changes in interest rates or foreign exchange rates. The Group’s fair value 
hedges principally consist of interest rate swaps that are used to protect against changes in the fair value of fi xed-rate long-term fi nancial 
instruments due to movements in market interest rates. 

The application of fair value hedge accounting results in the fair value adjustment on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk being 
recognised in the income statement at the same time the hedging instrument impacts the income statement. If a hedging relationship is 
terminated, the fair value adjustment to the hedged item continues to be recognised as part of the carrying amount of the item or group of items 
and is amortised to the income statement as a part of the effective yield over the period to maturity. Where the hedged item is derecognised 
from the Group’s balance sheet, the fair value adjustment is included in the income statement as ‘other income’ as a part of the gain or loss 
on disposal.

Cash fl ow hedges 
The risk being hedged in a cash fl ow hedge is the potential volatility in future cash fl ows that may affect the income statement. Volatility in the 
future cash fl ows may result from changes in interest rates or changes in exchange rates arising from recognised fi nancial assets and liabilities 
and highly probable forecast transactions. The Group’s cash fl ow hedges consist principally of interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements 
and foreign currency swaps that are used to protect against exposures to variability in future interest cash fl ows on non-trading assets and 
liabilities which bear interest at variable rates or which are expected to be refunded or reinvested in the future. The Group primarily applies cash 
fl ow hedge accounting to its variable rate loan assets, variable rate liabilities and short term re-issuances of fi xed rate customer and wholesale 
deposit liabilities. The amounts and timing of future cash fl ows, representing both principal and interest fl ows, are projected for each portfolio 
of fi nancial assets and liabilities on the basis of their forecast repricing profi le. This forms the basis for identifying gains and losses on the 
effective portions of derivatives designated as cash fl ow hedges.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives qualifying and designated as cash fl ow hedges is deferred to the hedging reserve 
which forms part of shareholders’ equity. Amounts deferred in equity are recognised in the income statement in the period during which 
the hedged forecast transactions take place and is fully amortised when the hedging relationship matures. The schedule below shows the 
movements in the hedging reserve:

Balance at start of year
Adjustments on adoption of accounting policies specifi ed by AASB 132 and AASB 139
Adjustment on adoption of AASB 2005–11

Restated balance at start of year
Items recorded in the income statement
Tax effect of items recorded in the income statement
Valuation gain taken to equity
Tax effect of net gain on cash fl ow hedges

Closing Balance

Consolidated

2007
$m

227
–
(141)

86
(10)
3
106
(32)

153

2006
$m

n/a
162
–

162
(81)
25
179
(58)

227

 The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

40
–
–

40
–
–
57
(17)

80

n/a
11
–

11
(10)
3
53
(17)

40

1  All NZD revenue related cash flow hedging was de-designated at 30 September 2006. The amount deferred in the hedging reserve was transferred to retained earnings at 1 October 2006 on adoption 

of AASB 2005-1.

Financial Report  81

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

12: Derivative Financial Instruments (continued)

The table below shows the breakdown of the hedging reserve attributable to each type cash fl ow hedging relationship:

Variable rate loan assets
Variable rate liabilities
Short term re-issuances of fi xed rate customer and wholesale deposit 
liabilities
NZD revenue related cash fl ow hedges1

Total hedging reserve

Consolidated

 The Company

2007
$m

(64)
135
82

–

153

2006
$m

(8)
59
35

141

227

2007
$m

(53)
79
54

–

80

2006
$m

(15)
33
22

–

40

1  All NZD revenue related cash flow hedging was de-designated at 30 September 2006. The amount deferred in the hedging reserve was transferred to retained earnings at 1 October 2006 on adoption 

of AASB 2005-1.

All underlying hedged cash fl ows are expected to be recognised in the income statement in the period in which they occur which is anticipated 
to take place over the next 0–10 years (2006: 0–10 years).

The mechanics of hedge accounting results in the gain (or loss) in the hedging reserve above being released into the income statement at 
the same time that the corresponding loss (or gain) attributable to the hedged item impacts the income statement. It will not necessarily be 
released to the income statement uniformly over the period of the hedging relationship as the fair value of the derivative is driven by changes 
in market rates over the term of the instrument. As market rates do not always move uniformly across all time periods, a change in market rates 
may drive more value in one forecast period than another, which impacts when the hedging reserve is released to the income statement. 

Net investment hedges (consolidated)
In a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation, the risk being hedged is the exposure to exchange differences arising on consolidation of 
foreign operations with a functional currency other than the Australian Dollar. Hedging is undertaken using forward foreign exchange contracts 
or by fi nancing with borrowings in the same currency as the foreign functional currency involved. 

Concentrations of Credit Risk 
Concentrations of credit risk exist for groups of counterparties when they have similar economic characteristics. Major concentrations of credit 
risk arise by location and type of customer.

The following table shows the concentrations of credit risk, by class of counterparty and by geographic location, measured by credit equivalent 
amount.

Approximately 67% (2006: 72%) of the Group’s exposures are with counterparties which are either Australian banks or banks based in other 
OECD countries.

OECD
 governments
$m

567
80
41

688

OECD
 governments
$m

133
57
19

209

Australian
and OECD
banks
$m

14,227
4,465
968

Corporations,
non-OECD
banks and
others
$m

7,535
994
357

Total
credit
equivalent
amount
$m

22,329
5,539
1,366

19,660

8,886

29,234

Australian
and OECD
banks
$m

10,099
2,134
912

Corporations,
non-OECD
banks and
others
$m

3,900
736
359

Total
credit
equivalent
amount
$m

14,132
2,927
1,290

13,145

4,995

18,349

Consolidated at 
30 September 2007

Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Consolidated at 
30 September 2006

Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

82  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

13: Available-for-sale Assets

Available-for-sale assets are allocated between Australia, 
New Zealand and Overseas Markets based on the domicile of the issuer

Listed – Australia
Other securities and equity investments

Listed – Overseas Markets
Other government securities
Other securities and equity investments

Total listed

Unlisted – Australia
Local and semi-government securities
Other securities and equity investments 
Loans and advances

Unlisted – New Zealand
New Zealand government securities
Other securities and equity investments

Unlisted – Overseas Markets
Other government securities
Other securities and equity investments

Total unlisted

Total available-for-sale assets

No impairment loss was recognised or reversed in the Income Statement.

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

 The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

6

6

208
2,986

3,194

3,200

1,791
7,126
704

9,621

4
37

41

648
496

6

6

102
2,198

2,300

2,306

1,908
2,971
1,946

6,825

285
29

314

532
676

1,144

10,806

14,006

1,208

8,347

10,653

6

6

208
2,595

2,803

2,809

1,791
5,932
704

8,427

–
–

–

73
74

147

6

6

102
2,198

2,300

2,306

1,908
2,421
1,946

6,275

–
–

–

71
5

76

8,574

11,383

6,351

8,657

Financial Report  83

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

13: Available-for-sale Assets (continued)

Available-for-sale assets by maturities and yields
Based on remaining term to maturity at 30 September 2007

Australia
Local and semi-government securities
Other securities and equity investments
Loans and advances

Overseas
New Zealand government securities
Other government securities
Other securities and equity investments

Total 

Weighted average yields1

Australia
Local and semi-government securities
Other securities and equity investments
Loans and advances

Overseas
New Zealand government securities
Other government securities
Other securities and equity investments

Less than
3 months
$m

Between 3
months and 
12 months
$m

  Between
1 year and
5 years
$m

Between
5 years and
10 years
$m

After
10 years
$m

No
maturity
specifi ed
$m

1,791
5,702
263

7,756

1
616
180

797

8,553

–
–
22

22

–
186
577

763

785

–
1,022
419

1,441

3
17
2,074

2,094

3,535

–
–
–

–

–
–
356

356

356

–
289
–

289

–
–
1

1

290

–
119
–

119

–
37
331

368

487

Total
fair
value
$m

1,791
7,132
704

9,627

4
856
3,519

4,379

14,006

Less than
1 year
%

Between
1 year and
5 years
%

Between
5 years and
10 years
%

After
10 years
%

6.38
6.80
7.84

8.17
5.08
5.37

–
6.77
7.23

7.20
4.69
5.59

–
–
–

–
–
5.76

–
7.11
–

–
–
2.76

1  Based on effective yields for loans and advances, fixed interest and discounted securities and dividend yield for equity investments at 30 September 2007.

84  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

13:  Available-for-sale Assets (continued)

Available-for-sale assets by maturities and yields
Based on remaining term to maturity at 30 September 2006

Less than
3 months
$m

Between 3
months and 
12 months
$m

  Between
1 year and
5 years
$m

Between
5 years and
10 years
$m

After
10 years
$m

No
maturity
specifi ed
$m

Australia
Local and semi-government securities
Other securities and equity investments
Loans and advances

Overseas
New Zealand government securities
Other government securities
Other securities and equity investments

1,224
2,544
1,080

684
–
359

4,848

1,043

273
474
342

1,089

–
108
622

730

–
308
507

815

12
51
1,460

1,523

Total 

5,937

1,773

2,338

–
–
–

–

–
–
96

96

96

–
107
–

107

–
1
336

337

444

–
18
–

18

–
–
47

47

65

Total
fair
value
$m

1,908
2,977
1,946

6,831

285
634
2,903

3,822

10,653

Weighted average yields1

Australia
Local and semi-government securities
Other securities and equity investments
Loans and advances

Overseas
New Zealand government securities
Other government securities
Other securities and equity investments

Less than
1 year
%

Between
1 year and
5 years
%

Between
5 years and
10 years
%

After
10 years
%

6.08
6.14
6.77

7.19
5.20
3.94

–
6.41
6.99

6.90
4.20
5.18

–
–
–

–
–
4.86

–
8.37
–

–
7.50
4.54

1  Based on effective yields for fixed interest and discounted securities and dividend yield for equity investments at 30 September 2006.

Financial Report  85

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

14: Net Loans and Advances

Loans and advances are classifi ed between Australia, New Zealand and Overseas markets based on the domicile of the lending point

Australia
Overdrafts
Credit card outstandings
Term loans – housing
Term loans – non-housing
Hire purchase
Lease receivables (refer below)
Other

New Zealand
Overdrafts
Credit card outstandings
Term loans – housing
Term loans – non-housing
Hire purchase
Lease receivables (refer below)
Other

Overseas Markets
Overdrafts
Credit card outstandings
Term loans – housing
Term loans – non-housing
Lease receivables (refer below)
Commercial bills
Other

Total gross loans and advances

Less: Provision for credit impairment (refer note 16)

Less: Unearned income

Add: Capitalised brokerage/mortgage origination fees

Total net loans and advances

Lease receivables
a) Finance lease receivables
Gross fi nance lease receivables
  Less than 1 year
  1 to 5 years
  Later than 5 years

Less: unearned future fi nance income on fi nance leases

Net investment in fi nance lease receivables

b) Operating lease receivables
Gross operating lease receivables
  Less than 1 year
  1 to 5 years
  Later than 5 years

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

7,464
6,641
113,994
64,260
9,824
1,813
852

6,237
6,190
101,945
53,905
9,081
2,378
864

7,464
6,641
113,201
60,149
1,196
857
827

6,237
6,190
100,874
49,774
1,046
804
731

204,848

180,600

190,335

165,656

1,728
1,149
42,350
29,672
431
215
447

1,666
1,081
37,845
26,979
426
421
511

75,992

68,929

532
201
1,040
9,699
186
349
1

518
198
766
8,347
179
192
2

–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

371
8
749
8,493
116
349
1

12,008

10,202

10,087

–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

333
8
599
7,160
112
192
2

8,406

292,848

259,731

200,422

174,062

(2,294)

(2,226)

(1,631)

(1,566)

(2,278)

(2,122)

570

539

(348)

167

(367)

158

(4,002)

(3,809)

(1,812)

(1,775)

288,846

255,922

198,610

172,287

571
1,131
208

512
1,381
255

(238)

(382)

1,672

1,766

179
124
1

304

411
398
21

830

176
617
179

(121)

851

–
1
–

1

115
615
186

(189)

727

–
–
–

–

Total lease receivables

1,976

2,596

852

727

Present value of net investment in fi nance lease receivables
  Less than 1 year
  1 to 5 years
  Later than 5 years

86  ANZ Annual Report 2007

567
1,075
185

1,827

516
1,172
188

1,876

167
553
157

877

55
512
158

725

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

15: Impaired Financial Assets

Summary of impaired fi nancial assets
Non-performing loans
Restructured loans
Unproductive facilities

Gross impaired fi nancial assets
Individual provisions
  Non-performing loans
  Unproductive facilities 

Net impaired fi nancial assets

Real estate or other assets acquired through the enforcement of security
In the event of customer default, any loan security is usually held as mortgagee in possession and 
therefore the Group does not usually hold any real estate or other assets acquired through the 
enforcement of security

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more1
These amounts are not classifi ed as impaired assets as they are either 90 days or more past 
due and well secured, or are portfolio managed facilities that can be held on an accrual basis 
for up to 180 days past due

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

666
–
126

792

(260)
(42)

490

2006
$m

661
–
37

698

(279)
(7)

412

2007
$m

491
–
121

612

(172)
(42)

398

2006
$m

452
–
30

482

(179)
(6)

297

–

–

–

–

561

499

429

381

Interest and other income forgone on impaired fi nancial assets
The following table shows the estimated amount of interest and other income not recognised, net of interest recoveries and unwind of discount, 
on average impaired fi nancial assets during the period.

Gross interest and other income receivable on non-performing loans, 

restructured loans and unproductive facilities

Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Total gross interest and other income receivable on non-performing loans, 

restructured loans and unproductive facilities

Interest recognised2
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Total interest recognised

Net interest and other income foregone
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Total net interest and other income not recognised

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

40
10
8

58

(23)
(4)
–

(27)

17
6
8

31

34
13
7

54

(20)
(6)
–

(26)

14
7
7

28

35
–
2

37

(23)
–
–

(23)

12
–
2

14

29
–
2

31

(20)
–
–

(20)

9
–
2

11

1   Includes unsecured credit card and personal loans 90 day past due accounts which are allowed by APRA to be retained on a performing basis for up to 180 days past due amounting to 

$87 million (2006: $84 million). The remainder of 90 day past due accounts are predominately held on an accrual basis having been assessed as well secured.

2  The impairment loss on a non-performing loan is calculated as the difference between the loan’s carrying amount and the estimated future cashflows discounted to their present value. 
  As this discount unwinds during the period it is recognised as interest income. Refer note 1(xi) for explanation on how it arises.

Financial Report  87

 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

16: Provision for Credit Impairment

Movement in provision for credit impairment

Collective provision
Balance at start of year
Adjustment due to adoption of accounting standard AASB139
Provisions disposed
Adjustment for exchange rate fl uctuations
Charge to income statement

Total collective provision1

Individual provision
Balance at start of year
Adjustment due to adoption of accounting standard AASB139
Charge to income statement
Adjustment for exchange rate fl uctuations
Discount unwind
Bad debts written off
Recoveries of amounts previously written off

Total individual provision

Total provision for credit impairment

Provision movement analysis

New and increased provisions
Australia
New Zealand
Asia
Other overseas markets

Provision releases

Recoveries of amounts previously written off

Individual provision charge
Collective provision charge

Charge to income statement

Ratios
Provisions2 as a % of total advances

Individual
  Collective
Provisions2 as a % of risk weighted assets

Individual
  Collective
Bad debts written off as a % of total advances

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

1,940
–
(4)
(27)
83

2,167
(288)
–
(8)
69

1,381
–
–
(16)
52

1,564
(238)
–
3
52

1,992

1,940

1,417

1,381

286
–
484
(15)
(20)
(584)
151

302

273
(1)
338
(4)
(26)
(421)
127

286

185
–
336
(4)
(17)
(401)
115

214

145
4
226
(1)
(20)
(259)
90

185

2,294

2,226

1,631

1,566

632
81
31
12

756
(121)

635
(151)

484
83

567

%

0.1
0.7

0.1
0.7
0.2

508
81
24
5

618
(153)

465
(127)

338
69

407

%

0.1
0.7

0.1
0.8
0.2

530
–
1
8

539
(88)

451
(115)

336
52

388

%

0.1
0.7

0.1
0.7
0.2

417
–
–
2

419
(103)

316
(90)

226
52

278

%

0.1
0.7

0.1
0.8
0.1

1  The collective provision includes amounts for off balance sheet credit exposures, $261 million at September 2007 (2006: $260 million). The impact to the income statement for the year ended 

30 September 2007 relating to off balance sheet credit exposures was $8 million charge (2006: $5 million charge).

2  Excludes provisions for unproductive facilities.

88  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

17: Regulatory Deposits

Overseas central banks

Maturity:
Less than 90 days
After 5 years

18: Shares in Controlled Entities, Associates and Joint Venture Entities

Total shares in controlled entities
Total shares in associates1 (refer note 41)
Total shares in joint venture entities2 (refer note 42)

Total shares in controlled entities, associates and joint venture entities

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

235

96
139

235

2006
$m

205

70
135

205

2007
$m

148

85
63

148

2006
$m

132

61
71

132

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

–
1,749
1,681

3,430

2006
$m

–
592
1,608

2,200

2007
$m

8,405
582
–

2006
$m

11,424
307
–

8,987

11,731

1  Investments in associates are accounted for in the consolidated financial statements using the equity method of accounting and are carried at cost by the parent entity
2  Investments in joint venture entities are accounted for in the consolidated financial statements using the equity method of accounting and are carried at cost by the parent entity

ACQUISITIONS OF CONTROLLED ENTITIES
On 23 February 2007, the Group obtained control of Stadium Australia Group, which owns the long-term leasehold of the Telstra Stadium 
in Sydney. Prior to this, the Group was a sole senior lender to, and a holder of convertible notes and stapled securities issued by Stadium 
Australia Group.

Stadium Australia Group contributed revenues of $35 million and net profi t of $6 million to the Group for the period from 1 March 2007 to 
30 September 2007. If the acquisition had occurred on 1 October 2006, consolidated revenue and consolidated profi t for the year ended 
30 September 2007 would have been $53 million and $9 million respectively. 

On 24 April 2007, the Group obtained a controlling interest in ETRADE Australia Limited (ETrade Australia), an online stockbroker. The Group has 
since obtained 100% ownership of the shares in ETrade Australia. Prior to this, the Group held a stake in the entity and accounted for it as an 
associate, applying the equity method of accounting.

ETrade Australia contributed revenues of $37 million and net profi t of $9 million to the Group for the period from 1 May 2007 to 30 September 
2007. If the acquisition had occurred on 1 October 2006, consolidated revenue and consolidated profi t for the year ended 30 September 2007 
would have been $95 million and $19 million respectively. These amounts have been calculated using the Group’s accounting policies and by 
adjusting the results of the subsidiary to refl ect the impact as if the fair value adjustments had applied from 1 October 2006 less the amount of 
the share of the associate’s earnings actually recognised by the Group, together with the consequential tax effects.

In addition, the Group and the Company obtained controlling stakes in the following entities:

 Citizens Security Bank (CSB) – CSB is a community bank operating in Guam. In July 2007, the Group acquired 100% of CSB for $28 million.

 ANZ Vientiane Commercial Bank (VCB) – VCB is a commercial bank operating in Laos. In September 2007, the Group acquired 60% of 
   VCB for $12  million. 

 Rabinov Property Management Limited (Rabinov) – Rabinov is the manager and responsible entity of a listed diversifi ed property trust. 

Financial Report  89

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

18: Shares in Controlled Entities, Associates and Joint Venture Entities (continued)

The Company’s investments in ETrade Australia, CSB, VCB and Rabinov are carried at cost. The Company, therefore, does not recognise goodwill 
separately.

Details of aggregate assets and liabilities of controlled entities acquired by the Group (Stadium Australia Group, ETrade Australia, CSB, VCB and 
Rabinov) and cost of acquisitions, for the purposes of measuring goodwill on acquisitions of controlled entities are as follows:

Liquid assets and due from other fi nancial institutions
Financial assets – trading and available-for-sale
Net loans and advances
Premises and equipment
Deferred tax assets
Intangible assets1
Other assets
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Deposits and other borrowings2
Payables and other liabilities
Provisions and contingent liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities

Net assets 
Interest previously held
Minority interests

Net identifi able assets acquired

Cost of acquisition
  Cash paid
  Equity instruments issued as purchase consideration
  Loan receivable or other instruments existing on date of acquisition
  Direct costs relating to acquisitions

Total cost of acquisitions

Goodwill

Consolidated

Acquiree’s
carrying
amount
$m

Fair value
$m

131
335
106
162
-
56
41
(2)
(456)
(331)
(2)
(7)

33

131
335
106
217
6
57
41
(4)
(240)
(348)
(2)
(17)

282
(23)
(5)

254

252
99
179
6

536

282

1  Fair value excludes $31 million of previously recognised goodwill of the acquiree, now included in total goodwill.
2  Included in deposits and other borrowings of acquiree were loans payable and other debt instruments held by the Group prior to acquisition. On acquisition these instruments are no longer 

financial assets of the Group. They are treated as a cost of acquisition.

The fair value of assets and liabilities acquired are based on discounted cash fl ow models. No restructuring provisions were created. The 
acquired entities did not have signifi cant contingent liabilities.

Of the total amount of goodwill on acquisition of $282 million recognised by the Group, $264 million relates to ETrade Australia. 

Net cash consideration paid in acquisitions was as follows:

Cash consideration paid and direct costs relating to acquisitions
Less: Balances acquired of cash and equivalents

Outfl ow of cash to acquire subsidiaries, net of cash acquired

There were no material controlled entities acquired during the year ended 30 September 2006.

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

258
(55)

203

2006
$m

–
–

–

2007
$m

229
(52)

177

2006
$m

–
–

–

90  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

18: Shares in Controlled Entities, Associates and Joint Venture Entities (continued)

DISPOSAL OF CONTROLLED ENTITIES
On 31 October 2006, Fleet Partners Pty Limited and Truck Leasing Limited were sold. The gain before tax on disposal was $195 million 
(tax expense: nil). Net tangible assets on disposal were $144 million.

Details of aggregate assets and liabilities of controlled entities disposed by the Group are as follows (the Company: nil):

Net loans and advances
Premises and equipment
Other assets, including allocated goodwill
Deposits and other borrowings
Payables and other liabilities
Provision for long-term employee benefi ts

Net assets disposed

Cash consideration received
Provisions for warranties and indemnities

Gain on disposal

Carrying amount
$m

1,420
2
25
(1,239)
(63)
(1)

144

377
(38)

195

Net proceeds received resulting in cash infl ow for the Group was as follows:

Cash consideration received and direct costs relating to acquisitions
Less: Balances of disposed cash and equivalents

Infl ow of cash from disposals, net of cash disposed

There were no material controlled entities disposed of during the year ended 30 September 2006.

Consolidated

2007
$m

377
–

377

2006
$m

–
–

–

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

–
–

–

–
–

–

Financial Report  91

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

19: Deferred Tax Assets

Deferred tax assets recognised in profi t and loss
Collective provision for impaired loans and advances
Deferred fee revenue
Provision for employee entitlements
Other provisions
Other

Deferred tax assets recognised directly in equity
Defi ned benefi t obligations
Available-for-sale revaluation reserve
Foreign currency translation reserve

Set-off of deferred tax assets pursant to set-off provisions1

Net deferred tax assets

Movements
Restated balance 1 October
Change on adoption of AIFRS
Movements in temporary differences during the year

Balance prior to set-off of deferred tax assets pursuant to set-off provisions1
Set-off of deferred tax assets pursuant to set-off provisions1

Closing balance at 30 September

Deferred tax assets by geography
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Net deferred tax assets

Unrecognised deferred tax assets
The following deferred tax assets will only be recognised if:
  assessable income is derived of a nature and an amount 
  suffi cient to enable the benefi t to be realised
  the conditions for deductibility imposed by tax legislation are complied with; and
  no changes in tax legislation adversely affect the Group in realising the benefi t.

Unused realised tax losses (on revenue account)
Unused realised capital losses

Total unrecognised deferred tax assets

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

600
73
119
277
126

2006
$m

596
92
107
270
247

1,195

1,312

19
–
–

19

67
2
3

72

(1,101)

(1,131)

113

253

1,384
–
(170)

1,214
(1,101)

1,389
64
(69)

1,384
(1,131)

113

253

2
6
105

113

4
85
164

253

2007
$m

429
55
86
198
9

777

21
–
–

21

(711)

87

867
–
(69)

798
(711)

87

9
–
78

87

2006
$m

417
70
75
182
56

800

66
1
–

67

(732)

135

806
41
20

867
(732)

135

–
–
135

135

17
–

17

20
63

83

7
–

7

9
63

72

1  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are set-off where they relate to income tax levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity or different taxable entities within the same 

taxable group.

92  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

20: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill
Gross carrying amount
Balance at start of year
Additions through business combinations
Derecognised on disposal
Foreign currency exchange differences

Balance at end of year1

Software and other intangible assets
Gross carrying amount
Balance at start of year
Impact of adoption of AIFRS: AASB139
Additions
Additions from internal developments
Additions through business combinations
Foreign currency exchange differences
Impairment

Balance at end of year

Accumulated amortisation and impairment
Balance at start of year
Impact of adoption of AIFRS: AASB139
Amortisation expense2 (refer note 4)
Foreign currency exchange differences
Impairment

Balance at end of year

Net book value
Balance at start of year

Balance at end of year

Goodwill, software and other intangible assets
Net book value
Balance at start of the year

Balance at end of the year1

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

2,900
282
(6)
(50)

3,015
2
–
(117)

3,126

2,900

987
–
2
202
55
(1)
(23)

1,222

550
–
128
(1)
(6)

671

437

551

898
(38)
2
135
–
(3)
(7)

987

455
(23)
117
(1)
2

550

443

437

3,337

3,677

3,458

3,337

–
–
–
–

–

888
–
2
188
33
(1)
(23)

1,087

469
–
113
–
(6)

576

419

511

419

511

–
–
–
–

–

808
(38)
2
128
–
–
(12)

888

386
(23)
103
–
3

469

422

419

422

419

1   Excludes notional goodwill in equity accounted entities.
2   Comprises software amortisation expense of $122 million (September 2006: $114 million) and amortisation of other intangible assets $6 million (September 2006: $3 million). The Company 

comprises software amortisation expense of $109 million (September 2006: $100 million) and amortisation of other intangible assets $4 million (September 2006: $3 million).

Goodwill allocated to cash-generating units
The goodwill balance above largely comprises the goodwill purchased on acquisition of NBNZ Holdings Limited in December 2003. 
Discussion of the goodwill and impairment testing for the cash generating unit containing this goodwill is discussed in note 2(iv).

Financial Report  93

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

1,626
124
7
97
671
201
31
1,089

3,846

2006
$m

1,569
102
5
69
1,377
799
31
547

4,499

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

838
(204)

634

318
(193)

125

843
(503)

340

949
(720)

229

632
(195)

437

253
(158)

95

734
(467)

267

906
(688)

218

165

92

1,493

1,109

2007
$m

1,052
111
–
41
550
–
31
351

2,136

2006
$m

1,088
74
–
30
1,074
3
31
258

2,558

The Company

2007
$m

95
(37)

58

195
(106)

89

641
(361)

280

711
(540)

171

141

739

2006
$m

80
(36)

44

159
(93)

66

538
(332)

206

674
(505)

169

42

527

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

21: Other Assets

Accrued interest/prepaid discounts
Accrued commission
Defi ned benefi t superannuation plan surplus (see note 46)
Prepaid expenses
Issued securities settlements
Operating leases residual value
Capitalised expenses
Other

Total other assets

22: Premises and Equipment

Freehold and leasehold land and buildings
At cost
Depreciation

Leasehold improvements
At cost
Amortisation

Furniture and equipment
At cost
Depreciation

Computer equipment
At cost
Depreciation

Capital works in progress
At cost

Total premises and equipment

94  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

22: Premises and Equipment (continued)

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts for each class of premises and equipment are set out below:

Consolidated

Freehold and leasehold land and buildings1
Carrying amount at beginning of year
Additions 
Acquisitions
Disposals 
Depreciation
Foreign currency exchange difference

Carrying amount at end of year

Leasehold improvements 
Carrying amount at beginning of year
Additions 
Acquisitions
Disposals
Amortisation
Foreign currency exchange difference

Carrying amount at end of year

Furniture and equipment 
Carrying amount at beginning of year
Additions 
Acquisitions
Disposals
Depreciation
Foreign currency exchange difference

Carrying amount at end of year

Computer equipment 
Carrying amount at beginning of year
Additions 
Acquisitions
Disposals 
Depreciation
Foreign currency exchange difference

Carrying amount at end of year

Capital works in progress
Carrying amount at beginning of year
Net additions

Carrying amount at end of year

Total premises and equipment

1  Includes integrals.

2007
$m

437
45
208
(29)
(22)
(5)

634

95
57
1
(4)
(22)
(2)

125

267
138
4
(10)
(57)
(2)

340

218
100
4
(4)
(86)
(3)

229

92
73

165

2006
$m

438
21
–
(5)
(15)
(2)

437

90
26
–
(5)
(18)
2

95

246
72
–
(3)
(48)
–

267

224
95
–
(6)
(94)
(1)

218

56
36

92

1,493

1,109

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

44
21
–
(1)
(4)
(2)

58

66
40
–
(1)
(16)
–

89

206
121
4
(7)
(44)
–

280

169
66
4
(3)
(65)
–

171

42
99

141

739

43
4
–
–
(2)
(1)

44

63
16
–
(5)
(12)
4

66

191
53
–
(2)
(36)
–

206

171
73
–
(5)
(70)
–

169

27
15

42

527

Financial Report  95

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

23: Due to Other Financial Institutions

Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Total due to other fi nancial institutions

24: Deposits and Other Borrowings

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

6,970
1,744
9,272

2006
$m

6,656
2,448
5,014

2007
$m

4,980
–
9,130

2006
$m

6,654
–
4,998

17,986

14,118

14,110

11,652

Deposits and other borrowings are classifi ed between Australia, New Zealand and Overseas Markets based on the location of the deposit 
taking point.

Australia
Certifi cates of deposit
Term deposits
Other deposits bearing interest
Deposits not bearing interest
Commercial paper
Borrowing corporations’ debt1
Other borrowings

New Zealand
Certifi cates of deposit
Term deposits
Other deposits bearing interest
Deposits not bearing interest
Commercial paper
Borrowing corporations’ debt2

Overseas Markets
Certifi cates of deposit
Term deposits
Other deposits bearing interest
Deposits not bearing interest
Commercial paper
Other borrowings

Total deposits and other borrowings

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

23,807
32,417
76,141
4,825
8,912
8,575
537

16,650
26,219
61,245
4,749
8,092
8,843
458

23,807
33,530
76,141
4,825
5,647
–
511

16,650
27,206
61,245
4,749
3,842
–
458

155,214

126,256

144,461

114,150

3,819
24,906
17,793
4,092
8,002
1,534

3,428
22,812
17,467
3,605
6,028
1,813

60,146

55,153

4,277
12,277
1,604
1,226
–
129

3,170
10,329
1,538
1,182
6,630
536

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

4,142
10,906
915
737
–
34

3,117
9,165
1,062
788
–
39

19,513

23,385

16,734

14,171

234,873

204,794

161,195

128,321

1  Included in this balance is debenture stock of controlled entities. $8 billion of debenture stock of the consolidated subsidiary company Esanda Finance Corporation Limited (Esanda), together 
with accrued interest thereon, is secured by a trust deed and collateral debentures, giving floating charges upon the undertaking and all the assets of the entity other than land and buildings 
($13.6 billion). All controlled entities of Esanda (except for some controlled entities which have been placed or are expected to be placed in voluntary de-registration and have minimal book 
value) have guaranteed the payment of principal, interest and other monies in relation to all debenture stock and unsecured notes issued by Esanda. The only loans pledged as collateral are 
those in Esanda and its subsidiaries.

2  This balance represents NZD1.8 billion of secured debenture stock of the consolidated subsidiary UDC Finance Limited (UDC) and the accrued interest thereon which are secured by a floating 

charge over all tangible assets of UDC and its subsidiaries (NZD2.1 billion).

96  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

25: Income Tax Liabilities

Australia
Current tax payable 
Deferred tax liabilities

New Zealand
Current tax payable
Deferred tax liabilities

Overseas Markets
Current tax payable 
Deferred tax liabilities

Total current and deferred income tax liability

Total current tax payable

Deferred tax liabilities recognised in profi t and loss
Lease Finance 
Treasury instruments
Capitalised expenses
Other

Deferred tax liabilities recognised directly in equity
Cash fl ow hedges 
Foreign currency translation reserve
Available-for-sale revaluation reserve

Set-off of deferred tax liabilities pursuant to set-off provisions1

Net deferred tax liability

Movements
Restated balance at 1 October
Change on adoption of AIFRS
Movements in temporary differences during the year

Balance prior to set-off of deferred tax liabilities pursuant to set-off provisions1
Set-off of deferred tax liabilities pursuant to set-off provisions1

Closing Balance at 30 September

Unrecognised deferred tax liabilities2
The following deferred tax liabilities have not been brought to account as liabilities:
Other unrealised taxable temporary differences 

Total unrecognised deferred tax liabilities

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

615
20

635

(160)
–

(160)

13
115

128

603

468

217
148
130
609

2006
$m

700
155

855

(163)
–

(163)

32
98

130

822

569

252
385
131
576

1,104

1,344

66
21
45

132

40
–
–

40

(1,101)

(1,131)

135

253

1,384
–
(148)

1,236
(1,101)

1,602
25
(243)

1,384
(1,131)

135

253

46

46

33

33

2007
$m

610
–

610

–
–

–

(23)
103

80

690

587

80
157
46
452

735

34
–
45

79

(711)

103

999
–
(185)

814
(711)

103

–

–

2006
$m

698
180

878

–
–

–

3
87

90

968

701

82
388
44
465

979

20
–
–

20

(732)

267

1,211
(49)
(163)

999
(732)

267

–

–

1  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are set-off where they relate to income tax levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity or different taxable entities within the same 

taxable group.

2  Represents additional potential foreign tax costs should all retained earnings in offshore subsidiaries be repatriated.

26: Payables and Other Liabilities

Creditors 
Accrued interest and unearned discounts
Defi ned benefi t plan obligations (see note 46)
Accrued charges
Security settlements
Other liabilities

Total payables and other liabilities

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

5,021
2,809
75
619
590
1,393

2006
$m

4,282
2,488
229
604
1,236
1,840

10,507

10,679

2007
$m

4,431
2,001
75
413
588
879

8,387

2006
$m

4,030
1,832
229
392
1,104
1,236

8,823

Financial Report  97

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

27: Provisions

Employee entitlements1
Restructuring costs and surplus leased space2
Non-lending losses, frauds and forgeries3
Other4

Total provisions

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

400
37
186
398

1,021

2006
$m

366
74
187
330

957

2007
$m

299
32
138
241

710

2006
$m

267
61
125
235

688

Reconciliations of the carrying amounts of each class of provision, except for employee entitlements, are set out below:

Restructuring costs and surplus leased space2
Carrying amount at beginning of the year
Provision made during the year
Payments made during the year
Transfer/release of provision
Adjustment for exchange rate fl uctuations

Carrying amount at the end of the year

Non-lending losses, frauds and forgeries3
Carrying amount at beginning of the year
Provision made during the year
Transfer of provision
Release of provision

Carrying amount at the end of the year

Other provisions4
Carrying amount at beginning of the year
Provision made during the year
Payments made during the year
Transfer/release of provision
Adjustment for exchange rate fl uctuations

Carrying amount at the end of the year

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

74
43
(44)
(36)
–

37

187
79
(14)
(66)

186

330
335
(204)
(63)
–

398

77
51
(43)
(10)
(1)

74

184
52
(19)
(30)

187

293
235
(161)
(37)
–

330

61
40
(34)
(35)
–

32

125
69
(16)
(40)

138

235
253
(197)
(50)
–

241

57
41
(33)
(4)
–

61

136
17
(3)
(25)

125

197
197
(137)
(23)
1

235

1  The aggregate liability for employee benefits largely comprises employee entitlements provisions for annual leave and long service leave.
2  Restructuring costs and surplus leased space provisions arise from exit activities related to material changes in the scope of business undertaken by the Group or the manner in which that 

business is undertaken and includes termination benefits. Costs related to on-going activities are not provided for. Provision is made when the Group is demonstrably committed, it is probable 
that the costs will be incurred, though their timing is uncertain, and the costs can be reliably estimated.

3  Non-lending losses, frauds and forgeries provisions arise from inadequate or failed internal processes and systems, or from external events.
4  Other provisions comprise various other provisions including loyalty programs, workers’ compensation and make-good provisions on leased premises.

28: Bonds and Notes

Bonds and notes by currency
USD 
GBP 
AUD 
NZD 
JPY 
EUR 
HKD 
CHF 
CAD 
NOK 
SGD 
CZK

United States dollars
Great British pounds
Australian dollars
New Zealand dollars
Japanese yen
Euro
Hong Kong dollars
Swiss francs
Canadian dollars 
Norwegian krone
Singapore dollars
Czech koruna

Total bonds and notes

98  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

 The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

20,306
7,963
1,300
1,546
1,395
13,664
3,301
2,562
1,911
-
51
76

16,957
6,528
1,371
1,350
787
14,821
3,153
2,216
2,631
85
73
78

14,570
6,264
1,300
379
1,307
11,816
2,921
2,562
1,911
-
51
76

11,004
5,423
1,371
303
685
13,337
2,633
2,216
2,631
85
73
78

54,075

50,050

43,157

39,839

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

29: Loan Capital

Hybrid loan capital (subordinated)
ANZ Stapled Exchangeable Preferred Securities (ANZ StEPS)1
US Trust Securities
  USD 350m non-cumulative trust securities due 2053
  USD 750m non-cumulative trust securities due 2053
UK Stapled Securities

Interest rate
%

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

 The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

BBSW + 1.00

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

4.484
5.36
6.54

397
851
1,033

3,281

468
1,003
–

2,471

397
851
1,033

3,281

468
1,003
–

2,471

Perpetual subordinated notes
300m
USD
350m
AUD

fl oating rate notes
fl oating rate notes

LIBOR + 0.15
BBSW + fl oating margin

LIBOR + 0.50
LIBOR + 0.50
LIBOR + 0.50
LIBOR + 0.55
LIBOR + 0.53
BBSW + 0.29
6.75
BBSW + 0.57
7.04
7.61
7.40
LIBOR + 0.55
6.46
EURIBOR + 0.375
BBSW + 0.41
 6.50
LIBOR + 0.20
6.00
5.625
4.45
LIBOR + 0.21
6.25
BBSW + 0.22
4.75
7.16
6.50
BBSW + 0.24
7.30
BBSW + 0.4
6.38
7.60
8.23
4.75

Subordinated notes4
USD
JPY
USD
JPY
USD
AUD
AUD
AUD
NZD
NZD
NZD
USD
NZD
EUR
AUD
AUD
USD
AUD
GBP
EUR
USD
AUD
AUD
GBP
NZD
AUD
AUD
AUD
AUD
GBP
NZD
NZD
GBP

1.8m
192.8m
4.1m
236.2m
79m
400m
400m
100m
300m
125m
125m
550m
100m
300m
380m
350m
400m
300m
200m
500m
250m
300m
300m
250m
350m
350m
350m
100m
100m
175m
250m
350m
400m 

fl oating rate notes due 2007
fl oating rate notes due 2007
fl oating rate notes due 2008
fl oating rate notes due 2008
fl oating rate notes due 2008
fl oating rate notes due 2010
fi xed notes due 20123
fl oating rate notes due 20122
fi xed notes due 20122
fi xed notes due 20122
fi xed notes due 20122
fl oating rate notes due 20132
fi xed notes due 20132
fl oating rate notes due 20132
fl oating rate notes due 20142
fi xed notes due 20143
fl oating rate notes due 20152
fi xed notes due 20153
fi xed notes due 20152
fi xed notes due 20153
fl oating rate notes due 2016
fi xed notes due 20163
fl oating rate notes due 20162
fi xed notes due 20163
fi xed notes due 20163
fi xed notes due 2017
fl oating rate notes due 2017
fi xed notes due 2017
fl oating rate notes due 2017
fi xed notes due 2017
fi xed notes due 2017
fi xed notes due 2017
fi xed notes due 20183

Total loan capital

Loan capital by currency
AUD
NZD
USD
GBP
EUR
JPY

Australian dollars
New Zealand dollars
United States dollars
Great British pounds
Euro
Japanese yen

340
350

690

2
2
5
2
90
400
–
–
–
–
–
624
86
482
380
350
454
289
452
798
283
298
300
552
299
349
350
100
100
400
214
299
853

401
–

401

6
3
8
5
106
400
400
100
263
109
109
735
88
510
380
 350
535
295
506
861
–
298
300
613
306
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
968

340
350

690

2
2
5
2
90
400
–
–
–
–
–
624
–
482
380
350
454
289
452
798
283
298
300
552
–
349
350
100
100
400
–
–
853

401
–

401

6
3
8
5
106
400
400
100
–
–
–
735
–
510
380
 350
535
295
506
861
–
298
300
613
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
968

8,813

8,254

7,915

7,379

12,784

11,126

11,886

10,251

4,266
898
3,046
3,290
1,280
4

3,523
875
3,262
2,087
1,371
8

4,266
–
3,046
3,290
1,280
4

3,523
–
3,262
2,087
1,371
8

12,784

11,126

11,886

10,251

1  On 23 September 2008 the margin of 1.00% can be reduced if the security is not redeemed or converted.
2  Callable five years prior to maturity.
3  Callable five years prior to maturity and reverts to floating rate if not called.
4  Included within the carrying amount are, where appropriate, revaluations of the loan capital associated with fair value hedge accounting or an election to fair value the note through the 

income statement.

Loan capital is subordinated in right of payment to the claims of depositors and all other creditors of the Company and its controlled entities which have issued the notes. The loan capital, 
except for the ANZ StEPS, US Trust Securities and UK Stapled Securities constitutes Tier 2 capital as defined by APRA for capital adequacy purposes. ANZ StEPS and US Trust Securities constitute 
Tier 1 capital, as defined by APRA, for capital adequacy purposes. UK Stapled Securities constitutes non-innovative Tier 1 capital, as defined by APRA, for capital adequacy purposes.

Financial Report  99

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

29: Loan Capital (continued)

ANZ STAPLED EXCHANGEABLE PREFERRED 
SECURITIES (ANZ STEPS)
On 23 September 2003, the Company 
issued 10 million ANZ StEPS at $100 each 
pursuant to a prospectus dated 14 August 
2003 raising $1 billion (excluding issue 
costs of $13 million: net raising $987 
million). ANZ StEPS comprise two fully paid 
securities – an interest paying unsecured 
note (issued by ANZ Holdings (New Zealand) 
Limited, a New Zealand subsidiary of the 
Company) stapled to a fully paid $100 
preference share (issued by the Company).

Distributions on ANZ StEPS are non-
cumulative and are payable quarterly in 
arrears based upon a fl oating distribution 
rate equal to the 90 day bank bill rate 
plus a 100 basis point margin. At each 
payment date the 90 day bank bill rate is 
reset for the next quarter. Distributions are 
subject to certain payment tests (i.e. APRA 
requirements and distributable profi ts being 
available) and the basis for their calculation 
may change on any reset date. Distributions 
are expected to be payable on 15 March, 
15 June, 15 September and 15 December of 
each year. Dividends are not payable on the 
preference share while it is stapled to the 
note. If distributions are not paid on 
ANZ StEPS, the Group may not pay dividends 
or distributions, or return capital on ANZ 
ordinary shares or any other share capital 
or security ranking equal or junior to the 
preference share component. 

On any reset date, ANZ may change certain 
terms (subject to certain restrictions) 
including the next reset date, market reset 
(from fl oating rate to a fi xed rate, or vice 
versa), margin and the frequency and timing 
of the distribution payment dates. The fi rst 
reset date is 15 September 2008. Holders 
of ANZ StEPS can require exchange on any 
reset date or earlier if certain specifi ed 
events occur. On exchange, a holder will 
receive (at the Company’s discretion) 
either $100 cash for each ANZ StEPS 
exchanged or a variable number of ordinary 
shares calculated in accordance with a 
conversion ratio based on $100 divided by 
the market price of ordinary shares at the 
date of conversion less 2.5%. In certain 
circumstances, the Company may also 
require exchange other than on a reset date.

Upon the occurrence of an assignment 
event, ANZ StEPS becomes unstapled. 
In this case, the note will be assigned to a 
subsidiary of the company, however, the 
holder will retain the preference share and 
the rights to exchange the preference share.

100  ANZ Annual Report 2007

The preference shares forming part of ANZ 
StEPS rank equally with the preference 
shares issued in connection with US Trust 
Securities, UK Stapled Securities and Euro 
Trust Securities in all respects. Except in 
certain limited circumstances, holders of 
ANZ StEPS do not have any right to vote in 
general meetings of the Company.

On a winding up of the Company, the rights 
of ANZ StEPS holders will be determined 
by the preference share component of ANZ 
StEPS. Those preference shares rank behind 
all depositors and creditors, but ahead of 
ordinary shareholders.

ANZ StEPS qualify as Innovative Tier 1 
capital as defi ned by APRA.

US TRUST SECURITIES 
On 27 November 2003, the Company 
issued 1.1 million USD non-cumulative 
Trust Securities (“US Trust Securities”) 
at USD1000 each pursuant to offering 
memorandum dated 19 November 2003 
raising USD1.1 billion. US Trust Securities 
comprise two fully paid securities – an 
interest paying unsecured note (issued by 
Samson Funding Limited, a wholly owned 
NZ subsidiary of the Company) and a fully 
paid USD1,000 preference share (issued by 
the Company), which are stapled together 
and issued as a US Trust Security by ANZ 
Capital Trust I or ANZ Capital Trust II (the 
“Trusts”). Investors have the option to 
redeem the US Trust Security from the Trusts 
and hold the underlying stapled security.

The issue was made in two tranches:
  USD350 million tranche with a coupon 
of 4.48% and was issued through ANZ 
Capital Trust I. After 15 January 2010 and 
at any coupon date thereafter, ANZ has 
the discretion to redeem the US Trust 
Security for cash. If it does not exercise 
this discretion, the investor is entitled 
to require ANZ to exchange the US Trust 
Security into a number of ordinary shares 
based on the formula in the offering 
memorandum.
  USD750 million tranche with a coupon 
of 5.36% and was issued through ANZ 
Capital Trust II. It has the same conversion 
features as the USD350 million tranche 
but from 15 December 2013.

Distributions on US Trust Securities are 
non-cumulative and are payable half yearly 
in arrears and are funded by payments 
received by the respective Trusts on 
the underlying note. Distributions are 

subject to certain payment tests (i.e. APRA 
requirements and distributable profi ts being 
available). Distributions are expected to 
be payable on 15 June and 15 December 
of each year. Dividends are not payable on 
the preference share while it is stapled to 
the note. If distributions are not paid on the 
US Trust Securities, the Group may not pay 
dividends or distributions, or return capital 
on ANZ ordinary shares or any other share 
capital or security ranking equal or junior to 
the preference share component.

At any time in the Company’s discretion 
or upon the occurrence of certain other 
“conversion events”, such as the failure 
of the respective Trust to pay in full a 
distribution within seven business days of 
the relevant distribution payment date, the 
notes that are represented by the relevant 
US Trust Securities will be automatically 
assigned to a subsidiary of the Company and 
the preference shares that are represented 
by the relevant US Trust Securities will be 
distributed to investors in redemption of 
such US Trust Securities. The distributed 
preference shares will immediately become 
dividend paying and holders will receive 
non-cumulative dividends equivalent to 
the scheduled payments in respect of the 
US Trust Securities for which the preference 
shares were distributed. If the US Trust 
Securities are not redeemed or bought 
back prior to the 15 December 2053, they 
will be converted into preference shares, 
which in turn will be mandatorily converted 
into a variable number of ordinary shares 
based upon the formula in the offering 
memorandum.

The preference shares forming part of the US 
Trust Securities rank equal to the preference 
shares issued in connection with the ANZ 
StEPS, UK Stapled Securities and Euro Trust 
Securities in all respects. Except in limited 
circumstances, holders of US Trust Securities 
do not have any right to vote in general 
meetings of the Company. 

On winding up of the Company, the rights of 
US Trust Security holders will be determined 
by the preference share component of US 
Trust Security. These preference shares rank 
behind all depositors and creditors, but 
ahead of ordinary shareholders.

The US Trust Securities qualify as Innovative 
Tier 1 capital as defi ned by APRA.

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

As noted above, in a winding up of the 
Company, the note component of the 
UK Stapled Security will be assigned to 
the Company and the holder will retain only 
the preference share component of the 
UK Stapled Security. Accordingly, the 
rights of investors in UK Stapled Securities 
in a winding up of the Company are the 
rights conferred by the preference share 
component of UK Stapled Securities. These 
preference shares rank behind all depositors 
and creditors, but ahead of ordinary 
shareholders. 

The UK Stapled Securities qualify as Non-
Innovative Tier 1 capital as defi ned by APRA.

29: Loan Capital (continued)

UK STAPLED SECURITIES
On 15 June 2007, the Company issued 
9,000 non-cumulative, mandatory 
convertible stapled securities (“UK Stapled 
Securities”) at £50,000 each pursuant to 
a prospectus dated 12 June 2007 raising 
£450 million. UK Stapled Securities 
comprise two fully paid securities – an 
interest paying unsecured subordinated 
£50,000 note issued by the Company 
through its New York Branch and a £50,000 
preference share issued by the Company, 
which are stapled together. 

Distributions on UK Stapled Securities are 
non-cumulative and are payable half yearly 
in arrears at a fi xed rate of 6.54% (until 
converted into ordinary shares or the rate 
is reset as provided in the prospectus). 
Distributions are subject to certain payment 
tests (including APRA requirements and 
distributable profi ts being available). 
Distributions are expected to be payable 
on 15 June and 15 December of each year. 
Dividends are not payable on a preference 
share while it is stapled to a note. If 
distributions are not paid on UK Stapled 
Securities, the Group may not pay dividends 
or distributions, or return capital, on ANZ 
ordinary shares or any other share capital 
or security ranking equal or junior to the 
preference share component.

At any time in the Company’s discretion or 
upon the occurrence of certain other events, 
such as the commencement of proceedings 
for the winding up of the Company, the note 
component of the UK Stapled Security will be 
assigned to the Company and the holder will 
retain only the preference share component 
of the UK Stapled Security.

On 15 June 2012 (“conversion date”), or an 
earlier date under certain circumstances, 
UK Stapled Securities will mandatorily 
convert into a variable number of ordinary 
shares in the Company determined 
in accordance with the formula in the 
prospectus. The mandatory conversion to 
ordinary shares is however deferred for fi ve 
years if the conversion tests set out in the 
prospectus are not met.

The preference shares forming part of the 
UK Stapled Securities rank equally with the 
preference shares issued in connection 
with ANZ StEPS, US Trust Securities and 
Euro Trust Securities. Except in limited 
circumstances, holders of UK Stapled 
Securities do not have any right to vote in 
general meetings of the Company.

Financial Report  101

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

30: Share Capital

Number of issued shares

Ordinary shares each fully paid
Preference shares each fully paid

Total number of issued shares

The Company

2007

2006

1,864,678,820
500,000

1,836,572,115
500,000

1,865,178,820

1,837,072,115

ORDINARY SHARES
Ordinary shares have no par value and entitle holders to receive dividends payable to ordinary shareholders and to participate in the proceeds 
available to ordinary shareholders on winding up of the Company in proportion to the number of the shares held.

On a show of hands every holder of fully paid ordinary shares present at a meeting in person or by proxy is entitled to one vote, and upon 
a poll one vote for each share held.

Number of issued shares

Balance at start of year
Bonus option plan1
Dividend reinvestment plan1
ANZ employee share acquisition plan2
ANZ share option plan2
Consideration for purchase of ETrade Australia
Share capital buyback

Balance at end of year

Ordinary share capital
Balance at start of year 
Dividend reinvestment plan1
ANZ employee share acquisition plan2
Consideration for purchase of ETrade Australia
ANZ share option plan2
Treasury shares3
Share Capital buyback

Balance at end of year

1  Refer to note 7 for details of plan.
2  Refer to note 47 for details of plan.
3  As at 30 September 2007, there were 1,313,392 treasury shares outstanding.

The Company

2007

2006

1,836,572,115
1,729,427
15,234,694
–
7,840,564
3,302,020
–

1,826,449,480
1,384,144
6,585,302
1,590,457
6,654,818
–
(6,092,086)

1,864,678,820

1,836,572,115

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

8,271
442
57
99
132
(55)
–

8,053
165
90
–
109
–
(146)

8,271
442
57
99
132
(55)
–

8,053
165
90
–
109
–
(146)

8,946

8,271

8,946

8,271

102  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

30: Share Capital (continued)

PREFERENCE SHARES

Euro Trust Securities
On 13 December 2004, the Company issued 500,000 Euro Floating Rate Non-cumulative Trust Securities (“Euro Trust Securities”) at €1000 
each pursuant to the offering circular dated 9 December 2004, raising $871 million (at the spot rate at the date of issue, net of issue costs). 
Euro Trust Securities comprise two fully paid securities – an interest paying unsecured note (issued by ANZ Jackson Funding PLC, a United 
Kingdom subsidiary of the Company) and a fully paid, €1000 preference share (issued by the Company), which are stapled together and issued 
as a Euro Trust Security by ANZ Capital Trust III (the Trust). Investors have the option to redeem the Euro Trust Security from the Trust and hold 
the underlying stapled security.

Distributions on Euro Trust Securities are non-cumulative and are payable quarterly in arrears and are funded by payments received by the 
Trust on the underlying note and/or preference share. The distribution is based upon a fl oating distribution rate equal to the 3 month 
EURIBOR rate plus a 66 basis point margin up until 15 December 2014, after which date the distribution rate is the 3 month EURIBOR rate 
plus a 166 basis point margin. At each payment date the 3 month EURIBOR rate is reset for the next quarter. Distributions are subject to 
certain payment tests (i.e. APRA requirements and distributable profi ts being available). Distributions are expected to be payable on 15 March, 
15 June, 15 September and 15 December of each year. Dividends are not payable on the preference shares while they are stapled to the 
note, except for the period after 15 December 2014 when the preference share will pay 100 basis points to fund the increase in the margin. 
If distributions are not paid on Euro Trust Securities, the Group may not pay dividends or distributions, or return capital on ANZ ordinary shares 
or any other share capital or security ranking equal or junior to the preference share component.

At any time at ANZ’s discretion or upon the occurrence of certain other “conversion events”, such as the failure of the Trust to pay in full a 
distribution within seven business days of the relevant distribution payment date or the business day prior to 15 December 2053, the notes 
that are represented by the relevant Euro Trust Securities will be automatically assigned to a Branch of the Company and the fi xed number of 
preference shares that are represented by the relevant Euro Trust Securities will be distributed to investors in redemption of such Euro Trust 
Securities. The distributed preference shares will immediately become dividend paying and holders will receive non-cumulative dividends 
equivalent to the scheduled payments in respect of the Euro Trust Securities for which the preference shares were distributed. 

The preference shares forming part of the Euro Trust Security rank equal to the preference shares issued in connection with the ANZ StEPS, 
US Trust Securities and UK Stapled Securities in all respects. Except in limited circumstances, holders of Euro Trust Securities do not have any 
right to vote in general meetings of the Company. 

On winding up of the Company, the rights of Euro Trust Security holders will be determined by the preference share component of the Euro Trust 
Security. These preference shares rank behind all depositors and creditors, but ahead of ordinary shareholders.

The transaction costs arising on the issue of these instruments were recognised directly in equity as a reduction to the proceeds of the equity 
instruments to which the costs relate.

Euro Trust Securities qualify as Innovative Tier 1 Capital as defi ned by APRA.

Preference share balance at start of year  

- Euro Trust Securities
- ANZ StEPS1

Less ANZ StEPS securities reclassifi ed under AIFRS1

Adjusted preference share balance at start of year

Preference share balance at end of year

- Euro Trust Securities

1  Under AIFRS, ANZ StEPS securities are now classified as loan capital (refer note 29).

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

871
–

871

–

871

2006
$m

871
987

1,858

(987)

871

2007
$m

871
–

871

–

871

2006
$m

871
987

1,858

(987)

871

871

871

871

871

Financial Report  103

 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

31: Reserves and Retained Earnings

a) Foreign currency translation reserve

Balance at beginning of year
Currency translation adjustments, net of hedges after tax

Total foreign currency translation reserve

b) Share option reserve1

Balance at beginning of year
Share-based payments
Transfer (to) retained earnings3

Total share option reserve

c) Available-for-sale revaluation reserve
Balance at start of year
Adjustments on adoption of accounting policies specifi ed by AASB 132 and AASB 139

Restated balance at beginning of year
Valuation gain recognised after tax
Cumulative (gain) transferred to the income statement on sale of fi nancial assets

Total available-for-sale revaluation reserve

d) Hedging reserve
Balance at start of year
Adjustments on adoption of accounting policies specifi ed by AASB 132 and AASB 139
Adjustment on adoption of AASB 2005-12

Restated balance at beginning of year
Gain/(loss) recognised after tax
Transfer (to) income statement

Total hedging reserve

e) General reserve
Balance at start of year
Transfer (to) retained earnings3

Total general reserve

f) Capital reserve
Balance at start of year
Transfer (to) retained earnings3

Total capital reserve

Total reserves

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

(646)
(563)

(1,209)

(443)
(203)

(646)

63
7
–

70

2
–

2
109
(14)

97

227
–
(141)

86
74
(7)

153

–
–

–

–
–

–

67
(3)
(1)

63

n/a
(10)

(10)
20
(8)

2

n/a
162
–

162
121
(56)

227

181
(181)

–

149
(149)

–

(116)
(291)

(407)

63
7
–

70

(3)
–

(3)
100
(4)

93

40
–
–

40
40
–

80

–
–

–

–
–

–

(213)
97

(116)

67
(3)
(1)

63

n/a
(11)

(11)
15
(7)

(3)

n/a
11
–

11
36
(7)

40

11
(11)

–

–
–

–

(889)

(354)

(164)

(16)

1  Further information about share based payments to employees is disclosed in note 47 to the financial statements.
2  Under the provisions of AASB 2005-1, hedge accounting is not available for the NZ revenue hedges, effective 1 October 2006 (refer note 1(viii)).
3  The transfer of balances from the share option, general and capital reserves to retained earnings represent items of a distributable nature.

104  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

31: Reserves and Retained Earnings (continued)

Retained earnings
Restated balance at start of year
Adjustment on adoption of accounting policies specifi ed by AASB 4, AASB 132 
  and AASB 1394
Adjustment on adoption of AASB 2005-12

Restated balance at beginning of year
Profi t attributable to shareholders of the Company 
Transfers from reserves
Actuarial gain/(loss) on defi ned benefi t plans after tax5 
Ordinary share dividends paid
Preference share dividends paid

Retained earnings at end of year

Total reserves and retained earnings

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

11,084

9,646

8,173

7,310

–
141

11,225
4,180
–
77
(2,363)
(37)

(431)
–

9,215
3,688
331
(55)
(2,068)
(27)

13,082

11,084

12,193

10,730

–
–

8,173
3,551
–
75
(2,363)
–

9,436

9,272

(201)
–

7,109
3,174
12
(54)
(2,068)
–

8,173

8,157

1  Further information about share based payments to employees is disclosed in note 47 to the financial statements.
2  Under the provisions of AASB 2005-1, hedge accounting is not available for the NZ revenue hedges, effective 1 October 2006 (refer note 1(viii)).
3  The transfer of balances from the share option, general and capital reserves to retained earnings represent items of a distributable nature.
4  Comprises:

- Remeasurement of the carrying value of the Group’s investment in INGA as at 1 October 2005
- Adjustment in respect of hedging derivative financial instruments as at 1 October 2005
- Recognition of the fair value of derivatives relating to securitisation and structured finance transactions as at 1 October 2005
- Deferral of previously recognised fees now treated as an adjustment to yield on 1 October 2005
- Restatement of credit loss provisions to an AIFRS basis.

5  ANZ has taken the option available under AASB 119 to recognise actuarial gains/losses on defined benefit superannuation plans directly in retained profits (refer note 1(xx) and note 46).

a) Foreign currency translation reserve
The translation reserve comprises exchange differences, net of hedges, arising on translation of the fi nancial statements of foreign operations, 
as described in note 1(iii). When a foreign operation is sold, attributable exchange differences are recognised in the Income Statement.

b) Share option reserve
The share option reserve arises on the grant of share options to selected employees under the ANZ share option plan. Amounts are transferred 
out of the reserve and into share capital when the options are exercised. Refer to note 1(xx).

c) Available-for-sale revaluation reserve
Changes in the fair value and exchange differences on the revaluation of available-for-sale fi nancial assets are taken to the available-for-sale 
revaluation reserve. Where a revalued available-for-sale fi nancial asset is sold, that portion of the reserve which relates to that fi nancial asset, 
is realised and recognised in the Income Statement. Where the available-for-sale fi nancial asset is impaired, that portion of the reserve which 
relates to that asset is recognised in the Income Statement. Refer to note 1(ix).

d) Hedging reserve
The hedging reserve represents hedging gains and losses recognised on the effective portion of cashfl ow hedges. The cumulative deferred gain 
or loss on the hedge is recognised in the Income Statement when the hedged transaction impacts the Income Statement. Refer to note 1(viii).

e) General reserve and f) Capital reserve 
The transfer of balances from the general and capital reserves to retained earnings represent items of a distributable nature.

32: Minority Interests

Share capital
Retained profi ts

Total minority interests

Consolidated

2007
$m

16
22

38

2006
$m

14
20

34

Financial Report  105

 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

33: Average Balance Sheet and Related Interest

Averages used in the following table are predominantly daily averages. Interest income fi gures are presented on a tax-equivalent basis. 
Impaired loans are included under the interest earning asset category ‘loans and advances’. Intragroup interest earning assets and interest 
bearing liabilities are treated as external assets and liabilities for the geographic segments.

Interest earning assets

Due from other fi nancial institutions
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Trading and available-for-sale assets
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Loans and advances
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Customers’ liability for acceptances
Australia
Overseas Markets

Other assets
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Intragroup assets
Australia
Overseas Markets

Intragroup elimination

Non-interest earning assets

Derivative fi nancial instruments
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets 

Premises and equipment

Other assets

Provision for credit impairment
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Total average assets

Total average assets
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Intragroup elimination

% of total average assets attributable to overseas activities

106  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Average
balance
$m

2,011
1,598
4,987

18,164
2,701
3,904

2007

Interest
$m

113
111
264

1,157
212
215

188,582
73,426
10,387

14,752
6,536
761

13,852
293

1,054
18

4,794
5,054
3,608

2,910
4,043

355
404
258

232
228

Average
rate
%

Average
balance
$m

2006

Interest
$m

Average
rate
%

5.6
6.9
5.3

6.4
7.8
5.5

7.8
8.9
7.3

7.6
6.1

7.4
8.0
7.2

8.0
5.6

1,442
2,236
4,061

15,957
2,459
2,883

71
146
190

946
182
134

170,576
65,203
9,538

12,478
5,653
671

13,786
216

3,833
4,361
4,155

–
11,501

958
11

317
283
261

–
559

4.9
6.5
4.7

5.9
7.4
4.6

7.3
8.7
7.0

6.9
5.1

8.3
6.5
6.3

–
4.9

340,314

26,670

(6,953)

(460)

312,207

22,860

(11,501)

(559)

333,361

26,210

7.9

300,706

22,301

7.4

12,708
3,227
667

1,318

14,319

(1,688)
(412)
(167)

29,972

363,333

249,686
89,969
30,631

370,286

(6,953)

363,333

32.1%

9,600
2,593
(579)

1,074

12,696

(1,567)
(419)
(191)

23,207

323,913

220,710
81,072
33,632

335,414

(11,501)

323,913

31.9%

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

33: Average Balance Sheet and Related Interest (continued)

Interest bearing liabilities

Time deposits
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Savings deposits
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Other demand deposits
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Due to other fi nancial institutions
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Commercial paper
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Borrowing corporations’ debt
Australia
New Zealand

Liability for acceptances
Australia
Overseas Markets

Loan capital, bonds and notes
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Other liabilities1
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Intragroup liabilities
Australia
New Zealand

Average
balance
$m

49,000
28,279
15,122

16,536
2,520
504

47,837
15,938
1,166

6,787
1,838
6,724

9,981
6,566
926

8,752
1,722

13,852
293

55,577
11,841
311

5,234
132
421

–
6,953

2007

Interest
$m

3,071
2,096
781

597
82
4

2,466
997
29

410
105
357

636
525
49

544
127

898
17

3,651
958
19

355
96
38

–
460

Average
rate
%

Average
balance
$m

6.3
7.4
5.2

3.6
3.3
0.8

5.2
6.3
2.5

6.0
5.7
5.3

6.4
8.0
5.3

6.2
7.4

6.5
5.8

6.6
8.1
6.1

n/a
n/a
n/a

–
6.6

42,907
26,064
13,699

15,087
2,981
566

38,935
12,452
1,003

4,151
1,961
5,965

10,858
6,315
7,373

9,117
1,863

13,786
216

45,244
9,293
135

5,122
149
510

5,146
6,355

2006

Interest
$m

2,445
1,822
646

480
124
10

1,751
700
22

223
107
306

637
470
333

522
130

799
10

2,677
703
7

304
94
36

169
390

Average
rate
%

5.7
7.0
4.7

3.2
4.2
1.8

4.5
5.6
2.2

5.4
5.5
5.1

5.9
7.4
4.5

5.7
7.0

5.8
4.6

5.9
7.6
5.2

n/a
n/a
n/a

3.3
6.1

Intragroup elimination

(6,953)

(460)

(11,501)

(559)

314,812

19,368

287,253

15,917

307,859

18,908

6.1

275,752

15,358

5.6

1  Includes foreign exchange swap costs.

Financial Report  107

2007
Average
balance
$m

2006
Average
balance
$m

4,734
3,829
1,220

11,719
2,882
(494)

4,412
3,883
1,123

8,642
2,663
(635)

10,855

9,457

34,745

29,545

342,604

305,297

237,762
84,176
27,619

210,364
75,331
31,103

349,557

316,798

(6,953)

(11,501)

342,604

305,297

30.6%

32.8%

19,858
871

17,745
871

20,729

18,616

363,333

323,913

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

33:  Average Balance Sheet and Related Interest (continued)

Non-interest bearing liabilities

Deposits
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Derivative fi nancial instruments
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Other liabilities

Total average liabilities

Total average liabilities
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Intragroup elimination

% of total average liabilities attributable to overseas activities

Total average shareholders’ equity
Ordinary share capital1
Preference share capital

Total average liabilities and shareholders’ equity

1  Includes reserves and retained earnings.

108  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

34: Interest Spreads and Net Interest Average Margins

Net interest income1
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Average interest earning assets
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Intragroup elimination

Gross earnings rate2
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Group

Interest spreads and net interest average margins may be analysed as follows
Australia
Gross interest spread
Interest foregone on impaired assets3

Net interest spread
Interest attributable to net non-interest bearing items

Net interest average margin – Australia

New Zealand
Gross interest spread
Interest foregone on impaired assets3

Net interest spread
Interest attributable to net non-interest bearing items

Net interest average margin – New Zealand

Overseas Markets
Gross interest spread 
Interest foregone on impaired assets3

Net interest spread
Interest attributable to net non-interest bearing items

Net interest average margin – Overseas Markets

Group
Gross interest spread
Interest foregone on impaired assets3

Net interest spread
Interest attributable to net non-interest bearing items

Net interest average margin – Group

1  On a tax equivalent basis.
2  Average interest rate received on interest earning assets. Overseas Markets includes intragroup assets.
3  Refer note 15.

2007
$m

2006
$m

5,036
1,817
449

7,302

4,763
1,724
456

6,943

230,313
82,779
27,222
(6,953)

205,594
74,259
32,354
(11,501)

333,361

300,706

%

%

7.67
8.77
6.41
7.86

1.77
(0.01)

1.76
0.43

2.19

1.60
(0.01)

1.59
0.61

2.20

1.35
(0.03)

1.32
0.33

1.65

1.73
(0.01)

1.72
0.47

2.19

7.18
8.44
5.64
7.43

1.94
(0.01)

1.93
0.39

2.32

1.72
(0.01)

1.71
0.61

2.32

1.02
(0.02)

1.00
0.41

1.41

1.87
(0.01)

1.86
0.45

2.31

Financial Report  109

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management

STRATEGY IN USING FINANCIAL 
INSTRUMENTS
Financial instruments are fundamental to 
the Group’s business, constituting the core 
element of its operations. Accordingly, the 
risks associated with fi nancial instruments 
are a signifi cant component of the risks 
faced by the Group. Financial instruments 
create, modify or reduce the credit, market 
(including traded or fair value risks and 
non-traded or interest and foreign currency 
related risks) and liquidity risks of the 
Group’s balance sheet. These risks and 
the Group’s policies and objectives for 
managing such risks are outlined below. 
The Group’s overall risk management 
programme focuses on the unpredictability 
of fi nancial markets and seeks to minimise 
potential adverse effects on the fi nancial 
performance of the Group.

The Group uses derivative fi nancial 
instruments such as foreign exchange 
contracts, credit contracts and interest rate 
contracts to hedge certain risk exposures 
(refer note 12).

CREDIT RISK
Credit risk is the risk of fi nancial loss 
from counterparties being unable to fulfi l 
their contractual loan or credit equivalent 
obligations.

The Group has an overall lending objective 
of sound growth for appropriate returns. 
The credit risk management framework 
exists to provide a structured and 
disciplined process to support this objective.

The Group assumes credit risk in a wide 
range of lending and other activities in 
diverse markets and many jurisdictions. 
The credit risks arise not only from 
traditional lending to Retail, Corporate 
and Institutional customers, but also 
from lending for Government, inter-bank, 
treasury, international trade and capital 
market activities around the world.

CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT 
The credit risk management framework 
is in place across the Group with the aim 
of ensuring a structured and disciplined 
approach is maintained in achieving the 
objective set by the Board. The framework 
focuses on policies, people, skills, vision, 
values, controls, risk concentrations 
and portfolio balance. It is supported 
by portfolio analysis and asset-writing 
strategies which guide lending decisions 
and identify segments of the portfolio 
requiring attention. The effectiveness of the 
framework is monitored through a series of 
compliance and reporting processes. 

110  ANZ Annual Report 2007

The Group sets limits on the acceptable level 
of credit risk. Acceptance of credit risk is 
fi rstly based on the counterparty’s assessed 
capacity to meet contractual obligations, 
(i.e. interest and capital repayments). 
Obtaining collateral supports this.

An independent Risk Management function, 
at Group, Divisional and Business Unit 
levels, is staffed by risk specialists. In 
regards to credit risk management, the 
objective is for Risk Management to provide 
robust credit policies, to make independent 
credit decisions and to provide strong 
support to front line staff in the application 
of sound credit practices.

In addition to providing independent 
credit assessment on lending decisions, 
Risk Management also perform key roles 
in portfolio management, credit risk 
measurement system development and 
validation, loan asset quality reporting, 
and development of credit standards 
and policies. 

All credit decisions greater than 
predetermined thresholds require 
approval from both business writers and 
independent risk personnel. These credit 
approval discretions (CADs) are delegated 
to individuals, at progressively diminishing 
levels, thus forming a credit approval 
hierarchy that ensures larger and more 
complex credits are given greater scrutiny. 

CREDIT RISK GOVERNANCE
The authority to make credit decisions 
is delegated by the Board through the 
Board Risk Committee to the Credit and 
Trading Risk Committee (CTC) and Executive 
Management.

The CTC ensures that the necessary Group 
Executive judgment and experience is 
applied to critical credit decisions relating 
to the Group’s larger and higher risk 
customers.

The CTC is able to make decisions on credit-
related submissions (including proposals 
for new and increased credit limits for 
customers, annual reviews of existing 
limits, and new and increased provisions 
for impaired assets) within the discretions 
delegated by the Board Risk Committee.

 Submissions requiring decisions 
above these discretion thresholds are 
recommended for approval by the CTC to the 
Board Risk Committee.

The CTC comprises senior Risk Executives, 
senior Executives and Business Unit 
Managing Directors, and is chaired by the 
Chief Risk Offi cer. 

The CTC’s scope also includes delegated 
authority for the approval of credit, trading 
risk and non-traded market risk controls, 
including portfolio management, risk 
concentration limits, changes to credit 
policy, Value-at-Risk (VaR) limits, new 
products and regulatory compliance.

CREDIT RISK MEASUREMENT
A core component of the Group’s credit risk 
management capability is the risk grading 
framework used across all major Business 
Units and geographic areas.

A set of risk grading principles and policies 
are supported by a complementary risk 
grading methodology. Pronouncements 
by the Basel Committee on Banking 
Supervision have been encapsulated in 
these principles and policies including 
governance, validation and modelling 
requirements. 

The Group’s risk grade profi les change 
dynamically through new counterparty 
acquisitions and/or existing counterparty 
movements in either risk or volume. All 
counterparty risk grades are subject to 
frequent review, including statistical and 
behavioural reviews in consumer and 
small business segments, and individual 
counterparty reviews in segments with larger 
single name borrowers.

ANZ uses a two-dimensional risk grading 
system, which measures both the 
customer’s ability to repay (probability 
of default) and the loss in the event of 
default (a factor of the security taken to 
support the facilities). ANZ uses fi nancial 
and statistical tools to assist in the risk 
grading of customers. Customer risk grades 
are reviewed periodically (typically at least 
annually for large customers) to ensure 
the risk grade refl ects the credit risk of the 
customer and the prevailing economic 
conditions. Similarly, the performance of 
risk grading tools used in the risk grading 
process is reviewed regularly to ensure the 
tools maintain statistical validity.

To measure the probability of default, 
ANZ applies a risk grading scale of 0 to 10 
to its lending - with ratings 0 through 8 
representing productive ratings and ratings 
of 9 and 10 representing impaired assets. 
The Institutional Division and the corporate 
portfolios in New Zealand risk grades of 
1 to 8 are further refi ned by the application 
of + and - modifi ers, making a total of 27 
separate risk grades. 

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

To measure the loss in event of default, 
a scale ranging from A to G is applied. 
Security Indicator A represents more than 
130% security coverage, while Security 
Indicator G is applied to unsecured customer 
borrowings. The Institutional Division has 
four additional security indicators: K - Cash 
Cover, M - Mezzanine, S – Sovereign and 
I – Intragroup.

Risk Management and Business Unit 
Executives monitor large exposure 
concentrations. Senior Management is 
provided each month with a list of ANZ’s top 
Corporate exposures. The CTC (six monthly) 
and Board Risk Committee (annually) review 
a comprehensive list of single customer 
concentration limits and customers’ 
adherence to these limits.

COUNTRY RISK MEASUREMENT
Some customer credit risks involve Country 
Risk whereby actions or events at a national 
or international level could disrupt servicing 
of commitments. Country Risk arises when 
payment or discharge of an obligation will, 
or could, involve the fl ow of funds from one 
country to another or involve transactions in 
a currency other than the domestic currency 
of the relevant country.

Country ratings are assigned to each country 
where ANZ incurs country risk and have a 
direct bearing on ANZ’s risk appetite for each 
country. The country rating is determined 
through a defi ned methodology based 
around external ratings agencies’ ratings 
and internal specialist opinion. It is also 
a key risk consideration in ANZ’s capital 
pricing model for cross border fl ows. 

The recording of country limits provides the 
Group with a means to identify and control 
Country Risk.

Country limits ensure that there is a country-
by-country ceiling on exposures that involve 
Country Risk. They are recorded by time to 
maturity and purpose of exposure e.g. trade, 
markets, project fi nance.

Country limits are managed centrally for the 
ANZ Group, through a global country risk 
exposure management system managed by 
a specialist unit within Institutional Risk.

CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK
Concentrations of credit risk arise when a 
number of customers are engaged in similar 
business activities or activities within the 
same geographic region, or when they have 
similar risk characteristics that would cause 
their ability to meet contractual obligations 
to be similarly affected by changes in 
economic or other conditions.

The Group monitors its portfolio, largely 
comprising net loans and advances, 
customers’ liability for acceptances, 
derivatives and available-for-sale loan 
assets, to assess risk concentrations. 
Concentration limits are used to guard 
against large single customer or correlated 
credit risks.

PORTFOLIO STRESS TESTING
Stress testing is integral to strengthening 
the predictive approach to risk management 
and is a key component to managing 
risk appetite, asset writing strategies 
and business strategies. It creates 
greater understanding of impacts on 
fi nancial performance through modelling 
relationships and sensitivities between 
geographic, industry and business unit 
exposures under a range of macro economic 
scenarios.

ANZ has a dedicated stress testing team 
within Risk Management that models and 
reports periodically to management and 
the Board Risk Committee on a range of 
scenarios and stress tests. 

IMPAIRED ASSETS
ANZ’s policy relating to the recognition and 
measurement of impaired assets conforms 
with APRA’s guidelines.

Loans are classifi ed as either performing 
or impaired. Impaired assets are credit 
exposures where there is doubt as to 
whether the full contractual amount 
(including interest) will be received, and/
or where a material credit obligation is 90 
days past due but not well secured, or where 
concessional terms have been provided due 
to the fi nancial diffi culties of the customer.

The provision for credit impairment 
represents management’s best estimate 
of the losses incurred in the loan portfolio 
at balance date based on its experienced 
judgement.

In line with accounting standards, credit 
exposures, including loans and advances 
and off-balance sheet items, such as 
commitments and guarantees, are 
reviewed at least at each reporting date for 
impairment. Exposures are impaired and 
impairment losses are recorded if, and only 
if, there is objective evidence of impairment 
as a result of one or more loss events that 
occurred after the initial recognition of the 
loan and prior to the reporting date, and that 
a loss event or events has (or have) had an 
impact on the estimated future cash fl ows of 

the individual loan or the collective portfolio 
of loans that can be reliably estimated. 
When ANZ recognises an impairment 
loss in an individual asset or portfolio 
of assets, ANZ is recognising that future 
economic benefi ts (previously assessed as 
being available to the entity) are no longer 
probable. 

ANZ’s methodology for determining the total 
provision for loan losses establishes both 
an individual component for assets that are 
individually signifi cant (or on a portfolio 
basis for small value loans) and then a 
collective component for those exposures 
not individually known to be impaired. The 
individual provision represents the results 
of analysis of individual loans within ANZ’s 
portfolio. ANZ reviews its loan portfolios and 
monitors adherence to terms, conditions 
and lending covenants. The reviews 
undertaken employ a variety of statistical 
measures and experienced judgement to 
determine the continuing collectability of 
credit facilities. When objective evidence 
arises as to the collectability of a credit 
facility, the exposure is classifi ed and 
reported as individually impaired and an 
individual provision for credit impairment is 
allocated against it.

Exposures that are assessed collectively 
are placed into pools of similar assets 
with similar risk characteristics to be 
collectively assessed for losses that have 
been incurred, but not yet identifi ed. The 
collective provision is estimated on the 
basis of historical loss experience for assets 
with credit risk characteristics similar to 
those in the collective pool. Historical 
loss experience is determined using loan 
and portfolio risk gradings, associated 
default and loss expectancy rates and an 
assessment of the emergence period. The 
historical loss experience may be refi ned 
based on current observed default data. 

The collective provision is also reviewed 
to ensure it is adequate for the term of the 
portfolio. 

PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS AND REPORTING
Global credit portfolios are analysed by 
the Risk Committees, and Senior Business 
and Board Risk Management. A central risk 
reporting area produces credit portfolio 
analysis which is distributed to senior 
Risk and Business Executives through 
monthly, half yearly and ad hoc reporting, 
or as set agenda reports to the various 
Risk Committees. This area provides an 
independent mechanism to ensure that 
signifi cant and emerging credit risks are 
proactively identifi ed and communicated 

Financial Report  111

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

to Group, Risk and Business Executives, 
including the Executive Management and 
Board Risk Committee. 

CREDIT RISK ASSURANCE 
The credit risk objectives of the Group are 
set by the Board and are implemented 
and monitored within a tiered structure of 
delegated authority, designed to oversee 
multiple facets of credit risk, including asset 
writing strategies, credit policies/controls, 
single exposures, portfolio monitoring and 
risk concentrations. The integrity of the 
credit risk function is maintained by the 
independence of the credit chain and is 
supported by comprehensive risk analysis, 
risk tools, monitoring processes and 
policies.

ANZ manages its credit risk within a 
framework by dealing with creditworthy 
counterparties, setting credit limits on 
exposures to counterparties, and obtaining 
collateral where appropriate.

To provide specialist management of 
problem loans, Portfolio Management 
departments perform a role as workout 
specialists for identifi ed sub-standard 
assets. 

The credit risk review function within Group 
Audit also provides further independent 
checks and balances as to the quality of 
credit decisions. This includes providing an 
independent periodic check on asset quality 
and compliance with agreed standards and 
policies across the Group.

COLLATERAL MANAGEMENT 
ANZ credit principles specify to only lend 
what the counterparty has the capacity 
and ability to repay. Obtaining collateral is 
used to mitigate credit risk. Procedures are 
designed to ensure collateral is managed, 
legally enforceable, conservatively valued 
and adequately insured. ANZ policy sets out 
the types of acceptable collateral, including:

  cash;
  mortgages over property;
  charges over business assets, e.g. 
premises, stock and debtors; 
  charges over fi nancial instruments, e.g. 
debt securities and equities in support of 
trading facilities; and
  fi nancial guarantees.

In the event of customer default, any loan 
security is usually held as mortgagee in 
possession and therefore the Group does 
not usually hold any real estate or other 
assets acquired through the enforcement 
of security.

ANZ uses ISDA Master Agreements to 
document derivatives activities to limit 
exposure to credit losses. The credit risk 
is reduced by a master agreement to the 
extent that if an event of default occurs, 
all contracts with the counterparty are 
terminated and settled on a net basis. 
Further, it is ANZ’s preferred practice to 
include all products covered by the ISDA in 
the Credit Support Annex (“CSA”), in order 
to achieve the objective of further credit 
exposure reduction. Under a CSA, collateral 
is passed between the parties, depending 
on the aggregate mark-to-market (positive 
or negative) of derivatives trades between 
the two entities, to mitigate the market-
contingent counterparty risk inherent in 
the outstanding positions. 

112  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

Concentrations of credit risk by industry and geographic analysis:
Based on carrying amount at 30 September 2007 and 30 September 2006

Consolidated

Australia
Agriculture, forestry, fi shing and mining
Business service
Construction
Entertainment, leisure and tourism
Financial, investment and insurance
Government and offi cial institutions
Lease fi nance
Manufacturing
Personal2
Real estate – commercial3
Real estate – mortgage4
Retail and wholesale trade
Other

New Zealand
Agriculture, forestry, fi shing and mining
Business service
Construction
Entertainment, leisure and tourism
Financial, investment and insurance
Government and offi cial institutions
Lease fi nance
Manufacturing
Personal2 
Real estate – commercial3
Real estate – mortgage4
Retail and wholesale trade
Other

Overseas Markets
Agriculture, forestry, fi shing and mining
Business service
Construction
Entertainment, leisure and tourism
Financial, investment and insurance
Government and offi cial institutions
Lease fi nance
Manufacturing
Personal2 
Real estate – commercial3
Real estate – mortgage4
Retail and wholesale trade
Other

Net loans and advances

Customers’ liabilities

2007
$m

2006
$m

2007
$m

2006
$m

Available-for-sale
loans and advances1

2007
$m

2006
$m

Total

2007
$m

2006
$m

7,618
5,488
4,215
4,357
8,148
67
1,813
7,259
18,377
13,718
112,279
11,293
10,216

7,079
4,882
3,757
 4,408
4,795
52
2,378
7,050
15,579
10,229
100,362
10,106
9,923

1,294
876
245
1,041
1,079
5
–
1,547
332
4,519
–
2,053
1,216

1,116
687
202
 1,186
970
7
–
1,508
239
4,108
–
2,155
1,060

204,848

180,600

14,207

13,238

163
–
110
98
184
–
–
22
–
–
–
–
127

704

1,030
12
146
 243
132
–
–
113
–
–
–
–
270

1,946

12,401
1,008
656
780
2,094
468
215
2,539
2,538
6,383
40,389
2,317
4,204

11,180
627
554
 756
2,573
656
421
1,991
3,041
6,368
35,766
1,540
3,456

75,992

68,929

879
442
67
550
588
398
186
3,566
629
422
1,042
1,479
1,760

718
209
73
681
536
237
179
2,562
651
205
881
1,137
2,133

12,008

10,202

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

2
–
–
–
139
–
–
78
–
–
–
92
18

329

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

9
–
–
 4
68
–
–
86
–
–
–
30
–

197

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

9,075
6,364
4,570
5,496
9,411
72
1,813
8,828
18,709
18,237
112,279
13,346
11,559

9,225
5,581
4,105
5,837
5,897
59
2,378
8,671
15,818
14,337
100,362
12,261
11,253

219,759

195,784

12,401
1,008
656
780
2,094
468
215
2,539
2,538
6,383
40,389
2,317
4,204

11,180
627
554
 756
2,573
656
421
1,991
3,041
6,368
35,766
1,540
3,456

75,992

68,929

881
442
67
550
727
398
186
3,644
629
422
1,042
1,571
1,778

727
209
73
 685
604
237
179
2,648
651
205
881
1,167
2,133

12,337

10,399

Gross total

292,848

259,731

14,536

13,435

704

1,946

308,088

275,112

Individual provision for credit impairment
Collective provision for credit impairment

Income yet to mature
Capitalised brokerage/mortgage origination fees

(302)
(1,992)

(286)
(1,940)

(2,294)

(2,226)

(2,278)
570

(2,122)
539

–
–

–

–
–

–
–

–

–
–

–
–

–

–
–

–
–

–

–
–

(302)
(1,992)

(286)
(1,940)

(2,294)

(2,226)

(2,278)
570

(2,122)
539

Net total

288,846

255,922

14,536

13,435

704

1,946

304,086

271,303

1  Available-for-sale loans and advances only includes loan products originated by the Group. Capital Markets products and equity investments are excluded.
2  Personal includes consumer lending except for lease finance facilities and those facilities secured by a mortgage.
3  Real estate - commercial includes all business lending relating to commercial property.
4  Real estate - mortgage includes all consumer lending secured by a mortgage.

Financial Report  113

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

Aggregate concentrations of credit risk by industry analysis1

Consolidated

Agriculture, forestry, fi shing and mining
Business service
Construction
Entertainment, leisure and tourism
Financial, investment and insurance
Government and offi cial institutions
Lease fi nance
Manufacturing
Personal2
Real estate – commercial3
Real estate – mortgage4
Retail and wholesale trade
Other 

2007
$m

2006
$m

22,357
7,814
5,293
6,826
12,232
938
2,214
15,011
21,876
25,042
153,710
17,234
17,541

21,132
6,417
4,732
7,278
9,074
952
2,978
13,310
19,510
20,910
137,009
14,968
16,842

308,088

275,112

1  Calculated prior to deduction for provisions and unearned income.
2  Personal includes consumer lending except for lease finance facilities and those facilities secured by a mortgage.
3  Real Estate commercial includes all business lending relating to commercial property.
4  Real Estate mortgage includes all consumer lending secured by a mortgage.

MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk to the Group’s earnings arising from changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates, credit spreads, or from 
fl uctuations in bond, commodity or equity prices.

Market risk management and control responsibilities
To facilitate the management, control, measurement and reporting of market risk, ANZ has grouped market risk into two broad categories:

a) Traded market risk
This is the risk of loss from changes in the value of fi nancial instruments due to movements in price factors for both physical and derivative 
trading positions. They arise in trading transactions where ANZ acts as principal with clients or with the market.

The principal risk categories monitored are:
  Currency risk is the potential loss arising from the decline in the value of a fi nancial instrument due to changes in foreign exchange rates 
or their implied volatilities.
  Interest rate risk is the potential loss arising from the change in the value of a fi nancial instrument due to changes in market interest rates 
or their implied volatilities.
  Credit spread risk is the potential loss arising from a change in value of an instrument due to a movement of its margin or spread relative to 
a bench mark.

b) Non-traded market risk (or balance sheet risk)

This comprises the management of non-traded interest rate risk, liquidity, and the risk to the Australian dollar denominated value of the Group’s 
capital and earnings as a result of foreign exchange rate movements.

The Board of Directors through the Risk Committee has responsibility for oversight of market risk within the Group. Routine management of 
market risk is delegated to two senior management committees. The CTC, chaired by the Chief Risk Offi cer, is responsible for traded market 
risk, while the Group Asset and Liability Committee (GALCO), chaired by the Chief Financial Offi cer, is responsible for non-traded market risk (or 
balance sheet risk).

CTC monitors traded market risk exposures (including Value at Risk and Stress Testing) and is responsible for authorising the trading risk limit 
framework. In addition, GALCO delegates to CTC responsibility for the monthly monitoring of non-traded market risk exposures. GALCO reviews 
balance sheet based risk measures and strategies quarterly, or more frequently if required.

114  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

Value at Risk (VaR) measure
A key measure of market risk is Value at Risk (VaR). VaR is a statistical estimate of the likely daily loss and is based on historical market 
movements.

The confi dence level is such that there is 97.5% or 99% probability that the loss will not exceed the VaR estimate on any given day. The 99% 
confi dence level encompasses a wider range of potential outcomes.

The Group’s standard VaR approach for both traded and non-traded risk is historical simulation. The Group calculates VaR using historical changes 
in market rates and prices over the previous 500 business days. Traded and Non-Traded VaR is calculated using a one-day holding period.

It should be noted that because VaR is driven by actual historical observations, it is not an estimate of the maximum loss that the Group could 
experience from an extreme market event. As a result of this limitation, the Group utilises a number of other risk measures (eg. stress testing) 
and associated detailed control limits to measure and manage market risk.

Traded and non-traded market risks are considered separately below.

Traded Market Risks
Trading activities are focused on customer trading, distribution and underwriting of a range of securities and derivative instruments. 
The principal activities include foreign exchange, interest rate and debt markets. These activities are managed on a global product basis.

Below are aggregate VaR exposures covering both derivative and non-derivative trading positions for the Group’s principal trading centres.

Value at risk at 97.5% confi dence 
Foreign exchange
Interest rate
Credit spread
Diversifi cation benefi t

Total VaR

Value at risk at 99% confi dence
Foreign exchange
Interest rate
Credit spread
Diversifi cation benefi t

Total VaR

As at 
Sep 2007
$m

High for
year
Sep 2007
$m

Low for
year
Sep 2007
$m

Average
for year
Sep 2007
$m

As at 
Sep 2006
$m

High for
year
Sep 2006
$m

Low for
year
Sep 2006
$m

Average
for year
Sep 2006
$m

1.2
1.6
1.0
(2.1)

1.7

1.8
2.3
1.6
(3.0)

2.7

1.5
7.6
1.9
n/a

8.1

2.2
9.8
3.2
n/a

9.9

0.2
1.2
0.7
n/a

1.4

0.3
1.7
1.1
n/a

1.7

0.6
2.6
1.2
(1.6)

2.8

0.8
3.4
2.1
(2.4)

3.9

0.5
1.7
1.1
(1.4)

1.9

0.6
2.0
2.8
(2.9)

2.5

1.6
3.2
1.7
n/a

3.6

2.0
4.4
3.6
n/a

4.9

0.3
0.8
0.7
n/a

0.9

0.3
1.3
1.1
n/a

1.2

0.7
1.8
1.1
(1.5)

2.1

0.8
2.4
2.3
(2.6)

2.9

VaR is calculated separately for Foreign Exchange/Commodities and for Interest Rate/Debt Markets businesses as well as for the Group. 
The diversifi cation benefi t refl ects the historical correlation between Foreign Exchange, Commodity, Interest Rate and Debt Markets.

To supplement the VaR methodology, ANZ applies a wide range of stress tests, both on individual portfolios and at a Group level. ANZ’s 
stress-testing regime provides senior management with an assessment of the fi nancial impact of identifi ed extreme events on market risk 
exposures of ANZ.

Non-Traded Market Risks (Balance Sheet Risk)
The principal objectives of balance sheet management are to manage interest income sensitivity while maintaining acceptable levels of interest 
rate and liquidity risk and to manage the market value of the Group’s capital. Liquidity risk is dealt with in the next section.

Interest rate risk
The objective of balance sheet interest rate risk management is to secure stable and optimal net interest income over both the short (next 12 
months) and long term. Non-traded interest rate risk relates to the potential adverse impact of changes in market interest rates on the Group’s 
future net interest income. This risk arises from two principal sources: mismatches between the repricing dates of interest bearing assets and 
liabilities; and the investment of capital and other non-interest bearing liabilities in interest bearing assets. Interest rate risk is reported using 
three measures: VaR; scenario analysis (to a 1% shock); and interest rate sensitivity gap (refer note 36).

Financial Report  115

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

a) VaR Non-Traded Interest Rate Risk
Below are aggregate VaR fi gures covering non-traded interest rate risk.

Value at risk at 97.5% confi dence 
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Diversifi cation Benefi t

Total

As at 
Sep 2007
$m

High for
year
Sep 2007
$m

Low for
year
Sep 2007
$m

Average
year
Sep 2007
$m

As at 
Sep 2006
$m

High for
year
Sep 2006
$m

Low for
year
Sep 2006
$m

Average
year
Sep 2006
$m

18.1
9.3
2.8
(4.5)

25.7

19.6
9.6
3.4
n/a

26.7

14.0
5.7
0.9
n/a

19.0

16.1
7.5
1.6
(3.4)

21.8

12.3
6.3
1.5
(2.4)

17.7

14.8
7.6
1.7
n/a

19.3

8.7
5.7
1.1
n/a

13.7

11.5
6.5
1.5
(3.3)

16.2

VaR is calculated separately for Australia, New Zealand and Overseas Markets, as well as for the Group.
To supplement the VaR methodology, ANZ applies a wide range of stress tests, both on individual portfolios and at Group level. ANZ’s stress- 
testing regime provides senior management with an assessment of the fi nancial impact of identifi ed extreme events on market risk exposures 
of ANZ. 
b) Scenario Analysis – A 1% Shock on the Next 12 Months’ Net Interest Income
A 1% overnight parallel positive shift in the yield curve is modelled to determine the potential impact on net interest income over the 
succeeding 12 months. This is a standard risk quantifi cation tool.

The fi gures in the table below indicate the outcome of this risk measure for the current and previous fi nancial years – expressed as a percentage 
of reported net interest income. The sign indicates the nature of the rate sensitivity with a positive number signifying that a rate increase is 
positive for net interest income over the next 12 months. Conversely, a negative number signifi es that a rate increase is negative for the next 
12 months’ net interest income.

Impact of 1% Rate Shock
As at 30 September
Maximum exposure
Minimum exposure 
Average exposure (in absolute terms)

Consolidated

2007

2006

0.19%
1.78%
0.19%
1.22%

1.50%
1.85%
0.81%
1.51%

The extent of mismatching between the repricing characteristics and timing of interest bearing assets and liabilities at any point has 
implications for future net interest income. On a global basis, the Group quantifi es the potential variation in future net interest income 
as a result of these repricing mismatches each month using a static gap model.

The repricing gaps themselves are constructed based on contractual repricing information. However, for those assets and liabilities where the 
contractual term to repricing is not considered to be refl ective of the actual interest rate sensitivity (for example, products priced at the Group’s 
discretion), a profi le based on historically observed and/or anticipated rate sensitivity is used. This treatment excludes the effect of basis risk 
between customer pricing and wholesale market pricing. For example, when wholesale market rates are anticipating an offi cial rate increase the 
Group does not reprice certain customer business until the fi rst repricing date after the offi cial rate rise.

The majority of the Group’s non-traded interest exposure exists in Australia and New Zealand. In these centres, a separate balance sheet 
simulation process supplements this static gap information. This allows the net interest income outcomes of a number of different scenarios – 
with different market interest rate environments and future balance sheet structures – to be identifi ed. This better enables the Group to quantify 
the interest rate risks associated with the balance sheet and to formulate strategies to manage current and future risk profi les.

Foreign currency related risks
This risk relates to the potential loss arising from the decline in the value of foreign currency positions due to changes in foreign exchange rates.

The Group’s investment of capital in non-Australian operations generates an exposure to changes in the relative value of individual currencies 
against the Australian Dollar. Variations in the value of these foreign currency investments are refl ected in the foreign currency translation 
reserve.

The Group incurs some non-traded foreign currency risk related to the potential repatriation of profi ts from non-Australian business units. 
This risk is routinely monitored and economic hedging is conducted in accordance with policy and where it is likely to add shareholder value. 

116  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

LIQUIDITY RISK
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group has insuffi cient capacity to fund increases in assets, or is unable to meet its payment obligations as they 
fall due, including repaying depositors or maturing wholesale debt. 

The timing mismatch of cashfl ows and the related liquidity risk is inherent in all banking operations, and may result from internal and/or 
external events, including: credit or operational risks; bank-specifi c rumours; market disruptions; or systemic shocks. The following outlines the 
Group’s approach to liquidity and funding risk management. Principles include:

  Ensuring the liquidity management framework is compatible with local regulatory requirements.

  Daily liquidity reporting and scenario analysis to quantify the Group’s positions.

  Monitoring wholesale and customer liability composition (via funding metrics).

  Targeting a diversifi ed funding base, avoiding undue concentrations by investor type, maturity, market source and currency.

  Holding a portfolio of high quality liquid assets to protect against short-term adverse conditions and to support day-to-day operations.

  Establishing detailed contingency plans to cover different liquidity crisis events.

Supervision and Regulation
APRA supervises prudential standards for managing liquidity risk and has adopted guidelines based on the ‘Basel Committee’ “Sound Practices 
for Managing Liquidity in Banking Organisations”: APS 210 - Liquidity.

APRA supervises liquidity through individual agreements with Authorised Deposit-taking Institutions (ADIs), taking into consideration the 
specifi c risk characteristics of each organisations operation. APRA requires ADIs to have a comprehensive Board approved liquidity strategy 
defi ning: policy, systems and procedures for measuring, assessing, reporting and managing domestic and foreign currency liquidity. This must 
include a formal contingency plan for dealing with a liquidity crisis. 

The Group has implemented an APRA Compliance Plan for APS 210 - Liquidity. The Plan documents methods, processes, controls and 
monitoring activities required to support compliance with the Standard and assigns responsibilities for these activities.

Scenario Modelling
A key component of the Group’s liquidity management framework is scenario modelling. APRA requires ADIs to assess liquidity under at least 
two specifi c scenarios 

 ‘Going-concern’: the normal behaviour of cash fl ows in the ordinary course of business. APRA requires that the Group must be able to meet 
all commitments and obligations under a going concern scenario, within the ADIs normal funding capacity, over at least the next 30 calendar 
days. In estimating the funding requirement, the Group models expected cashfl ows by reference to historical behaviour and contractual 
maturity data. 

 ‘Name crisis’: refers to a potential name-specifi c liquidity crisis in which the ADI may have signifi cant diffi culty rolling over or replacing 
liabilities. APRA requires the Group to be cashfl ow positive over a 5 business day period under a name crisis scenario. The Group models 
expected cashfl ow behaviour under such a scenario based on the type of customer and their level of sophistication, and the type of asset/
liability.

In addition, the Group models a number of other stress tests and liquidity scenarios over a variety of time horizons, including the impact of 
credit rating downgrades, and reduced access to wholesale debt in domestic and offshore markets. 

Generally, it would take an extreme event to challenge the Group’s continued solvency. A more likely outcome is a period of tight liquidity, 
resulting in increased funding costs. To assess these risks, the Group models and continually monitors the probability and earnings impact 
of changes in the Group’s credit margin. These changes may be caused by general market factors and/or credit rating downgrades. 

Customer and Wholesale Funding Composition
The Group employs actual cashfl ow based funding metrics to determine appropriate balance sheet liquidity and funding risk strategies. 
These metrics are used to measure and manage the proportion of the Group’s external assets which are funded by customer liabilities, 
wholesale debt, equity and loan capital.

Managing these metrics assist in ensuring that an appropriate proportion of the Group’s assets are funded by either ‘sticky’ customer liabilities; 
or long-term wholesale debt funding (with a remaining term exceeding 1 year). This approach recognises that long-term wholesale debt and 
other sticky liabilities have favourable liquidity characteristics thereby assisting in reducing any adverse impact or volatility caused by short-
term funding, and in monitoring the impact of deposit-gathering strategies.

Financial Report  117

 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

Funding Composition

Customer deposits1
Personal
Institutional
New Zealand
Other

Total customer deposits

Wholesale funding
Bonds and notes
Loan capital
Certifi cates of deposit (wholesale)
Commercial paper
Liability for acceptances
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Other wholesale borrowings2

Total wholesale funding

Total customer deposits
Total wholesale funding

                              Consolidated  

2007
$m

2006
$m

68,119
70,099
38,334
6,127

60,135
55,314
35,940
5,371

182,679

156,760

54,075
12,784
31,903
16,914
14,536
17,986
1,570

50,050
11,126
23,248
20,750
13,435
14,118
213

149,768

132,940

182,679
149,768

156,760
132,940

332,447

289,700

1  Represents: term deposits; other deposits bearing interest; deposits not bearing interest and borrowing corporations’ debt. Excludes collateralised loan obligation and securitisation 

vehicle funding.

2  Includes net derivative balances, special purpose vehicles (SPV) balances and Euro Hybrid.

Wholesale Funding 

The Group’s global wholesale funding strategy is designed to deliver a sustainable portfolio of wholesale funds that balances cost 
effi ciency while targeting diversifi cation by markets, investors, currencies, maturities and funding structures. Short-term wholesale funding 
requirements, with a contractual maturity of less than one year, are managed through Group Treasury and local Markets operations. 
Long-term wholesale funding is managed and executed through Group Treasury operations in Australia and New Zealand. 

Maturity concentration limits and geographic diversifi cation limits have been established within the wholesale funding and liquidity 
management framework. Funding instruments used to meet the wholesale borrowing requirement must be on a pre-established list 
of approved products. 

118  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

Funding Capacity and Debt Issuance Planning
Under APRA’s going concern scenario, borrowing capacity is an estimate of the amount of funding that can be raised in the wholesale markets 
in normal market conditions. The Group adopts a conservative approach to determine its funding capacity. Funding capacity limits are 
determined at the Group level and allocated to individual sites based on their requirements. 

The Funding Plan is ratifi ed by the Group’s Senior Management annually. The plan is supplemented by monthly updates, and is linked to 
the Group’s three-year strategic planning cycle. This ensures that planned volumes are sustainable, without adversely impacting market 
conditions.

During the 2007 fi nancial year, the Group issued approximately $24 billion of new long-term wholesale debt from 293 transactions with a 
weighted average term to maturity of approximately 3.2 years. (During the 2006 fi nancial year, the Group issued approximately $23 billion 
of new long-term wholesale debt from 149 transactions with weighted average term to maturity of approximately 3.6 years).

Liquidity Portfolio Management
The Group holds a diversifi ed portfolio of cash and high-quality highly-liquid securities to support payment obligations and contingent 
funding in the event of a market disruption. The Portfolio is managed globally through the Group’s funding centres in Melbourne, Wellington, 
New York and London, and is well diversifi ed by product, geography and currency. 

The size of the Group’s Liquidity Portfolio is based on the amount of liquidity required to meet: day-to-day operational requirements; potential 
name crisis; or potential wholesale ‘funding stress’ requirements.

Supplementing its liquidity position, the Group holds additional cash and liquid asset balances. Also, the Markets business holds secondary 
sources of liquidity in the form of highly liquid instruments in its trading portfolios.

Liquidity Crisis Contingency Planning 
The Group maintains APRA-endorsed liquidity crisis contingency plans defi ning an approach for analysing and responding to a liquidity-
threatening event at a country and Group-wide basis. The framework is compliant with APRA’s key liquidity contingency crisis planning 
requirements and guidelines and includes:

  The establishment of crisis severity/stress levels.

  Clearly assigned crisis roles and responsibilities.

  Early warning signals indicative of an approaching crisis, and mechanisms to monitor and report these signals.

  Outlined action plans, and courses of action for altering asset and liability behaviour.

  Procedures for crisis management reporting, and making up cash-fl ow shortfalls.

  Guidelines determining the priority of customer relationships in the event of liquidity problems.

  Assigned responsibilities for internal and external communications.

Financial Report  119

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

Maturity analysis of the Group’s assets and liabilities
The tables below analyse the Group’s assets and liabilities, as required by AASB 130 ‘Disclosures in the Financial Statements of Banks 
and Similar Financial Institutions’, into relevant maturity groupings based on the remaining period at balance sheet date to the contractual 
maturity date.

It should be noted that this is not how the Group manages its liquidity risk. The management of this risk is detailed above. 

Maturity analysis for selected assets and liabilities at 30 September 2007:

Consolidated

Assets
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Available-for-sale assets
Net loans and advances
Customers’ liabilities for acceptances

Liabilities
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Deposits and other borrowings
Bonds and notes
Loan capital

Less than1
 3 months
$m

3 to 122
months
$m

1 to
5 years
$m

After
5 years
$m

No
maturity
specifi ed
$m

6,834
8,553
32,385
11,258

15,928
184,535
2,093
4

600
883
40,042
3,278

1,390
33,425
15,603
7

271
3,437
53,475
–

344
16,900
33,146
1,404

335
646
162,944
–

324
13
3,233
10,679

–
487
–
–

–
–
–
690

Maturity analysis for selected assets and liabilities at 30 September 2006:

Consolidated

Assets
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Available-for-sale assets
Net loans and advances
Customers’ liabilities for acceptances

Liabilities
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Deposits and other borrowings
Bonds and notes
Loan capital

1   Includes credit cards.
2   Includes revolving facilities.

OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT

Less than1
 3 months
$m

3 to 122
months
$m

1 to
5 years
$m

After
5 years
$m

No
maturity
specifi ed
$m

8,420
5,937
24,437
13,435

13,407
165,302
662
–

820
1,773
36,192
–

659
27,094
5,633
–

372
2,338
48,788
–

10
12,383
41,984
528

53
540
146,505
–

42
15
1,771
10,197

–
65
–
–

–
–
–
401

Total
$m

8,040
14,006
288,846
14,536

17,986
234,873
54,075
12,784

Total
$m

9,665
10,653
255,922
13,435

14,118
204,794
50,050
11,126

Operational risks are the risks arising from day-to-day operational activities which may result in direct or indirect loss. These losses can result 
from both internal and external events and include:
  failure to comply with policies, procedures, laws and regulations;
  failure in execution, dealing and process management;
  fraud or forgery;
  a breakdown in the availability or integrity of services, systems and information; or
  damage to ANZ’s reputation.

The authority for operational risk oversight is delegated by the Board to the Board Risk Committee. The Operational Risk Executive Committee 
(OREC) supports the Board Risk Committee in respect of operational risk oversight including compliance.

The key responsibilities of OREC include:
  endorsing the ANZ Operational Risk Framework and approving ANZ’s Compliance Framework and operational risk policies;
  monitoring the state of operational risk management and instigating any necessary corrective actions;
  being notifi ed of all material actual, potential or near miss risk events for review; and
  approving the strategy and approach for new and emerging risks and monitoring associated action plans.

120  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

35: Financial Risk Management (continued)

Membership of OREC comprises senior executives and OREC is chaired by the Chief Risk Offi cer. 

OREC is designed to ensure that the necessary senior executive judgement and experience is applied to critical operational risk decisions 
relating to the Group’s larger operational risk exposures. Extensive reporting is provided to OREC to assist in this decision making process. 
Senior executive management, risk management and technical experts may be asked to attend to advise on specifi c submissions or policies.

Primary responsibility for day to day management of current, new and emerging operational risks lies with ANZ divisions/Business Units. 
This is supported by an independent Operational Risk function which provides oversight, direction, the operational framework, policies and 
processes.

ANZ’s Operational Risk Framework outlines the approach to managing operational risk and specifi cally covers the core minimum requirements 
that divisions/business units must undertake in the management of operational risk.

The operational risk management process adopted by ANZ consists of a staged approach involving establishing the context, identifi cation, 
analysis, treatment and monitoring of current, new and emerging operational risks. This is based on the Risk Management Standard issued by 
Standards Australia/New Zealand (AS/NZS 4360). 

ANZ’s Operational Risk Framework is supported by a number of operational risk policies and procedures with the effectiveness of the 
framework assessed through a series of assurance reviews and processes. This is supported by an independent review program by Internal 
Audit.

ANZ employs the “Risk Drivers and Controls Approach” (RDCA), underpinned by a statistical quantifi cation model to measure the level of 
operational risk and to determine and allocate operational risk capital.

The RDCA is effectively a system, which:
  assesses the level of ANZ’s exposure to specifi ed drivers of risk;
  assesses the scope and quality of ANZ’s internal control environment, key operational processes and risk mitigants; and
  directly links these assessments to Operational Risk Capital

The approach requires completion of a set of scorecards by business units on a half yearly basis. The scorecards provide an assessment of the 
‘riskiness’ of the business unit’s activities for specifi c operational risk categories. 

ANZ’s business continuity and crisis management capabilities continue to be reviewed, tested and, where necessary, strengthened in 
response to new and emerging threats. 

Business Continuity is viewed as a critical management responsibility within the overall operational risk framework, which seeks to minimise 
the likelihood of a disruption to normal operations, constrain the impact were an event to occur and achieve effi cient and effective recovery.

Crisis Management planning at Group and Country levels supplements Business Continuity Plans in the event of a broader Group or Country 
crisis. Crisis Management plans include crisis team structures, roles, responsibilities and contact lists, and are subject to testing.

Financial Report  121

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

36: Interest Rate Risk

The Group has an exposure to the effects of fl uctuations in market interest rates on both cashfl ow and fair value risks associated with its 
fi nancial assets and liabilities. Interest margins are impacted as a result of such changes and there are Group strategies in place to manage 
these risks.

The tables following summarises the Group’s exposure to interest rate risks as at 30 September 2007 and 30 September 2006.

The tables show the interest rate sensitivity (or repricing profi le) of the Group’s fi nancial assets and liabilities based on the earlier of contractual 
maturity or repricing.

Repricing gaps are based upon the earliest of contractual repricing or maturity dates except where the contractual terms are not considered to 
be refl ective of actual interest rate sensitivity (eg. those assets and liabilities priced at the Group’s discretion). In such cases, the rate sensitivity 
is based upon historically observed and/or anticipated rate sensitivity.

Repricing gaps arise from mismatches in the period to repricing of assets and that of the corresponding liability funding. These mismatches 
are managed within policy guidelines for mismatch positions which have been approved by the Board. 

The majority of the Group’s loan/deposit business is conducted in the domestic balance sheets of Australia and New Zealand and is priced 
on a fl oating rate basis. The mix of repricing maturities in these books is infl uenced by the underlying fi nancial needs of customers.

Offshore operations, which are generally wholesale in nature, are able to minimise interest rate sensitivity through closely matching the 
maturity of loans and deposits. Given both the size and nature of their business, the interest rate sensitivities of these balance sheets 
contribute little to the aggregate risk exposure, which is primarily a refl ection of the positions in Australia and New Zealand.

In Australia and New Zealand, a combination of pricing initiatives and derivatives is used in the management of interest rate risk. For example, 
where a strong long term rate view is held, hedging and pricing strategies are used to modify the profi le’s rate sensitivity so that it is positioned 
to take advantage of the expected movement in interest rates. However, such positions are taken within the overall risk limits specifi ed 
by policy.

The objectives and policies in managing the interest risks are also covered under note 35 ‘Financial Risk Management’, under the heading 
‘Market Risk’.

At 30 September 2007

Liquid assets and due from other fi nancial institutions
Trading and available-for-sale assets
Derivative fi nancial instruments
Net loans and advances
Other assets1

Less than
3 months
$m

21,609
20,110
–
197,220
14,387

Between 3
months and 
6 months
$m

  Between 6 
months and
12 months
$m

1,905
2,823
–
10,323
22

59
330
–
16,894
86

Between
1 year and
5 years
$m

157
3,918
–
63,417
167

After
5 years
$m

72
1,703
–
992
96

Not
bearing
interest
$m

1,225
289
22,237
–
12,572

Total
$m

25,027
29,173
22,237
288,846
27,330

Total assets

253,326

15,073

17,369

67,659

2,863

36,323

392,613

Certifi cates of deposit and term deposits
Other deposits
Other borrowings and due to other fi nancial institutions
Derivative fi nancial instruments
Other liabilities1
Bonds, notes and loan capital

71,968
86,899
31,128
–
17,869
39,128

14,291
1,022
3,991
–
67
534

9,925
1,633
3,823
–
6
2,075

5,287
5,335
4,518
–
254
21,532

24
–
884
–
97
3,590

8
10,792
1,331
24,180
8,374
–

101,503
105,681
45,675
24,180
26,667
66,859

Total liabilities

246,992

19,905

17,462

36,926

4,595

44,685

370,565

Total equity 
Derivative items affecting interest rate sensitivity

–
(40,805)

–
52,111

–
276

–
(13,800)

–
2,218

22,048
–

22,048
–

Interest sensitivity gap 
– net
– cumulative

(34,471)
(34,471)

47,279
12,808

183
12,991

16,933
29,924

486
30,410

(30,410)
–

–
–

1   Customers’ liability for acceptances are classified as interest earning assets in line with AAS.

122  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

36: Interest Rate Risk (continued)

At 30 September 2006

Liquid assets and due from other fi nancial institutions
Trading securities and available-for-sale assets
Derivative fi nancial instruments
Net loans and advances
Other assets1

Less than
3 months
$m

21,572
11,493
–
177,049
13,891

Between 3
months and 
6 months
$m

  Between 6 
months and
12 months
$m

Between
1 years and
5 years
$m

1,121
1,874
–
9,248
34

175
697
–
14,325
57

200
4,051
–
54,223
357

After
5 years
$m

–
1,697
–
1,077
50

Not
bearing
interest
$m

1,616
20
9,164
–
10,649

Total
$m

24,684
19,832
9,164
255,922
25,038

Total assets

224,005

12,277

15,254

58,831

2,824

21,449

334,640

Certifi cates of deposit and term deposits
Other deposits
Other borrowings and due to other fi nancial institutions
Derivative fi nancial instruments
Other liabilities
Bonds, notes and loan capital

58,227
71,710
31,808
–
17,230
35,858

11,209
776
4,994
–
3
1,961

6,985
1,556
3,874
–
3
1,014

6,142
5,025
3,996
–
658
19,850

25
1
875
–
291
2,493

20
10,718
971
8,753
7,708
–

82,608
89,786
46,518
8,753
25,893
61,176

Total liabilities

214,833

18,943

13,432

35,671

3,685

28,170

314,734

Total equity 
Derivative items affecting interest rate sensistivity

–
(563)

–
8,896

–
596

–
(10,789)

–
1,860

19,906
–

19,906
–

Interest sensitivity gap 
– net
– cumulative

8,609
8,609

2,230
10,839

2,418
13,257

12,371
25,628

999
26,627

(26,627)
–

–
–

1   Customers’ liability for acceptances are classified as interest earning assets in line with AAS.

37: Fair Value of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities

All fi nancial instruments are recognised initially at fair value, which is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or a liability settled, 
between knowledgeable, willing parties in an arm’s length transaction. 

The fair value of a fi nancial instrument on initial recognition is normally the transaction price, however, in certain circumstances the initial fair 
value may be based on other observable current market transactions in the same instrument, without modifi cation or repackaging, or on a 
valuation technique whose variables include only data from observable markets. For the majority of short-term fi nancial instruments, defi ned 
as those which reprice or mature in 90 days or less, with no signifi cant change in credit risk, the fair value was assumed to equate to the 
carrying amount in the Group’s balance sheet.

Subsequent to initial recognition, the fair value of fi nancial instruments measured at fair value is based on quoted market prices, where 
available. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on present value estimates or other market accepted 
valuation techniques which include data from observable markets wherever possible. 

For certain instruments the fair value cannot be determined in whole with reference to current market transactions or valuation techniques 
whose variables only include data from observable markets. In respect of the valuation component where market observable data is not 
available, the fair value is determined using valuation techniques based on data derived and extrapolated from market data. Where fair value 
is determined based on a valuation technique whose valuation is dependant on unobservable data that may have a signifi cant impact on 
the valuation of the instrument any difference between the transaction price and the amount determined based on the valuation technique 
(day one gain or loss) arising on initial recognition of the fi nancial instrument is deferred on the balance sheet. The day one gain or loss is 
recognised in the income statement only to the extent that it arises from a change in factors (including time) that a market participant would 
consider in setting the price for the instrument. 

The fair value recorded in the fi nancial statements for these instruments is the sum of:

 the value given by application of a valuation model, based on the best estimate of the most appropriate model inputs which market 
participants would use in setting prices for the instrument;
 any fair value adjustments to account for any market features not included within the valuation model (for example, bid-mid spreads, 
counterparty credit spreads and/or market data uncertainty); and

  unamortised day one gain or loss not recognised immediately in the income statement.

The fair values are based on relevant information available as at the respective balance sheet dates. While judgement is used in obtaining the 
fair value of fi nancial instruments, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. Many of the estimates involve uncertainties and 
matters of signifi cant judgement and changes in underlying assumptions could signifi cantly affect these estimates. 

The fair value amounts have not been updated for the purposes of these fi nancial statements since 30 September 2007, and therefore the fair 
value of the fi nancial instruments subsequent to 30 September 2007 may be different from the amounts reported.

Financial Report  123

 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

37: Fair Value of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (continued)

In the tables below, classes of fi nancial assets have been allocated into the following groups: amortised cost, fi nancial assets at fair value 
through profi t or loss, derivatives in effective hedging relationships and available-for-sale fi nancial assets. Similarly, each class of fi nancial 
liability has been allocated into three groups: amortised cost, fi nancial liabilities at fair value through profi t and loss and derivatives in effective 
hedging relationships.

The signifi cant accounting policies in note 1 describe how the categories of fi nancial assets and fi nancial liabilities are measured and how 
income and expenses, including fair value gains and losses, are recognised. The carrying amount and fair value of the Group’s fi nancial assets 
and fi nancial liabilities are set out below.

A signifi cant number of fi nancial instruments are carried at fair value in the balance sheet. Additional disclosure of the fair value of those 
fi nancial instruments not carried at fair value has been provided below. The fair value disclosure does not cover those instruments that are not 
considered fi nancial instruments from an accounting perspective such as income tax and intangible assets. The aggregate fair value amounts 
do not represent the underlying value of the Group.

At amortised cost

At fair value through profi t or loss

Hedging

Available- for-
sale assets

Carrying amount

Consolidated at
30 September 2007

Financial assets
Liquid assets
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Trading securities
Derivative fi nancial instruments1
Available-for-sale assets
Loans and advances2
Customers’ liability for acceptances
Other fi nancial assets

Loans and 
receivables
$m

Other fi nancial 
assets at 
amortised cost
$m

–
8,040
–
–
–
288,721
14,536
3,510

16,987
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Sub-total
$m

16,987
8,040
–
–
–
288,721
14,536
3,510

Total fi nancial assets

314,807

16,987

331,794

Designated 
on initial 
recognition
$m

–
–
–
–
–
125
–
–

125

Held for Trading
$m

Sub-total
$m

$m

$m

–
–
15,167
20,896
–
–
–
–

–
–
15,167
20,896
–
125
–
–

–
–
–
1,341
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
14,006
–
–
–

Total
$m

16,987
8,040
15,167
22,237
14,006
288,846
14,536
3,510

36,063

36,188

1,341

14,006

383,329

At amortised cost

At fair value through profi t or loss

Hedging

Available-
for-sale 
assets

Fair value

Consolidated at
30 September 2007

Financial assets
Liquid assets
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Trading securities
Derivative fi nancial instruments1
Available-for-sale assets
Loans and advances2
Customers’ liability for acceptances
Other fi nancial assets

Loans and 
receivables
$m

Other fi nancial 
assets at 
amortised cost
$m

–
8,040
–
–
–
288,066
14,536
3,510

16,987
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Sub-total
$m

16,987
8,040
–
–
–
288,066
14,536
3,510

Total fi nancial assets

314,152

16,987

331,139

–
–
–
–
–
125
–
–

125

Designated 
on initial 
recognition
$m

Held for 
Trading
$m

Sub-total
$m

$m

$m

–
–
15,167
20,896
–
–
–
–

–
–
15,167
20,896
–
125
–
–

–
–
–
1,341
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
14,006
–
–
–

36,063

36,188

1,341

14,006

382,674

Total
$m

16,987
8,040
15,167
22,237
14,006
288,191
14,536
3,510

1   Derivative financial instruments classified as ‘held for trading’ include derivatives entered into as economic hedges which are not designated as accounting hedges.
2  Fair value hedging is applied to financial assets within loans and advances. The resulting fair value adjustments mean that the carrying value differs from the amortised cost.

124  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

37: Fair Value of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (continued)

Consolidated at
30 September 2006

Financial assets
Liquid assets
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Trading securities
Derivative fi nancial instruments1
Available-for-sale assets
Loans and advances2
Customers’ liability for acceptances
Other fi nancial assets

At amortised cost

Other 
fi nancial 
assets at 
amortised 
cost
$m

15,019
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Sub-total
$m

15,019
9,665
–
–
–
255,922
13,435
3,596

Loans and 
receivables
$m

–
9,665
–
–
–
255,922
13,435
3,596

Total fi nancial assets

282,618

15,019

297,637

17,803

Consolidated at
30 September 2006

Financial assets
Liquid assets
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Trading securities
Derivative fi nancial instruments1
Available-for-sale assets
Loans and advances2
Customers’ liability for acceptances
Other fi nancial assets

At amortised cost

Other 
fi nancial 
assets at 
amortised 
cost
$m

15,019
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Sub-total
$m

15,019
9,665
–
–
–
255,688
13,435
3,596

Loans and 
receivables
$m

–
9,665
–
–
–
255,688
13,435
3,596

Carrying amount

At fair value 
through profi t 
or loss

Available- 
for-sale 
assets

Hedging

Fair value

At fair value 
through profi t 
or loss

Available- 
for-sale 
assets

Hedging

Held for 
Trading
$m

–
–
9,179
8,624
–
–
–
–

Held for 
Trading
$m

–
–
9,179
8,624
–
–
–
–

$m   

$m

Total
$m

–
–
–
540
–
–
–
–

540

–
–
–
–
10,653
–
–
–

15,019
9,665
9,179
9,164
10,653
255,922
13,435
3,596

10,653

326,633

$m

$m

Total
$m

–
–
–
540
–
–
–
–

540

–
–
–
–
10,653
–
–
–

15,019
9,665
9,179
9,164
10,653
255,688
13,435
3,596

10,653

326,399

Total fi nancial assets

282,384

15,019

297,403

17,803

1   Derivative financial instruments classified as ‘held for trading’ include derivatives entered into as economic hedges which are not designated as accounting hedges.
2  Fair value hedging is applied to financial assets within loans and advances. The resulting fair value adjustments mean that the carrying value differs from the amortised cost.

LIQUID ASSETS AND DUE FROM/TO OTHER 
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
The carrying values of these fi nancial 
instruments are considered to approximate 
their net fair values as they are short-term in 
nature or are receivable on demand.

TRADING SECURITIES
Trading securities are carried at fair 
value. Fair value is generally based on 
quoted market prices, broker or dealer 
price quotations, or prices for securities 
with similar credit risk, maturity and yield 
characteristics.

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The fair values of derivative fi nancial 
instruments are determined using market 
prices and market accepted valuation 
models as appropriate (including discounted 
cash fl ow models) based on current market 
yields for similar types of instruments and 
the maturity of each instrument

AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE ASSETS
Fair value is based on quoted market prices 
or broker or dealer price quotations. If this 
information is not available, fair value is 
estimated using quoted market prices for 
securities with similar credit, maturity and 
yield characteristics, or market accepted 
valuation models as appropriate (including 
discounted cash fl ow models) based on 
current market yields for similar types 
of instruments and the maturity of each 
instrument.

Financial Report  125

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

37: Fair Value of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (continued)

NET LOANS AND ADVANCES AND 
ACCEPTANCES
The carrying value of loans and advances 
and acceptances includes deferred fees and 
expenses, and is net of provision for credit 
impairment and income yet to mature. The 
estimated fair value of loans, advances and 
acceptances is based on the discounted 
amount of estimated future cash fl ows 
and accordingly has not been adjusted for 
provision for credit impairment. Estimated 
contractual cash fl ows for performing loans 
are discounted at estimated current bank 
credit spreads to determine fair value. For 
loans with doubt as to collection, expected 
cash fl ows (inclusive of the value of security) 
are discounted using a rate, which includes 
a premium for the uncertainty of the fl ows.

The difference between estimated fair values 
for loans and advances and acceptances 
and their carrying value refl ects changes in 
interest rates and the credit worthiness of 
borrowers since loan origination.

Consolidated at
30 September 2007

Financial liabilities
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Derivative fi nancial instruments1
Deposits and other borrowings
Liability for acceptances
Bonds and notes2
Loan capital2
Payables and other liabilities

Total fi nancial liabilities

Consolidated at
30 September 2007

Financial liabilities
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Derivative fi nancial instruments1
Deposits and other borrowings
Liability for acceptances
Bonds and notes2
Loan capital2
Payables and other liabilities

Total fi nancial liabilities

OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS
Included in this category are accrued interest 
and fees receivable. The carrying values of 
accrued interest and fees receivable are 
considered to approximate their net fair 
values as they are short term in nature or are 
receivable on demand.

The change in fair value of the designated 
fi nancial assets attributable to changes 
in credit risk has been calculated by 
determining the change in credit rating 
and credit spread implicit in the loans and 
advances issued by entities with similar 
credit characteristics.

FINANCIAL ASSETS DESIGNATED 
AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS
The category loans and advances includes 
certain loans designated at fair value 
through profi t or loss. At balance date, the 
credit exposure on these assets was $125 
million (2006: nil). Of this, $68 million 
(2006: nil) was mitigated by collateral held.

The cumulative change in fair value 
attributable to change in credit risk was a 
reduction to the assets of $1 million (2006: 
nil). The amount recognised in the income 
statement attributable to changes in credit 
risk was a loss of $1 million (2006: nil).

At amortised cost

At fair value through profi t or loss

Hedging

Total

Carrying Amount

$m

17,986
–
226,738
14,536
49,079
10,524
10,079

328,942

Designated 
on initial 
recognition
$m

–
–
8,135
–
4,996
2,260
–

Held for 
Trading
$m

–
23,186
–
–
–
–
–

Sub-total
$m

–
23,186
8,135
–
4,996
2,260
–

$m

$m

–
994
–
–
–
–
–

17,986
24,180
234,873
14,536
54,075
12,784
10,079

15,391

23,186

38,577

994

368,513

At amortised cost

At fair value through profi t or loss

Hedging

Total

Fair value

$m

17,986
–
226,692
14,536
49,061
10,506
10,079

328,860

Designated 
on initial 
recognition
$m

–
–
8,135
–
4,996
2,260
–

Held for 
Trading
$m

–
23,186
–
–
–
–
–

Sub-total
$m

–
23,186
8,135
–
4,996
2,260
–

$m

$m

–
994
–
–
–
–
–

17,986
24,180
234,827
14,536
54,057
12,766
10,079

15,391

23,186

38,577

994

368,431

1   Derivative financial instruments classified as ‘held for trading’ include derivatives entered into as economic hedges which are not designated as accounting hedges.
2  Fair value hedging is applied to financial liabilities within bonds and notes and loan capital. The resulting fair value adjustments mean that the carrying value differs from the amortised cost.

126  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

37: Fair Value of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (continued)

Consolidated at
30 September 2006

Financial liabilities
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Derivative fi nancial instruments1
Deposits and other borrowings
Liability for acceptances
Bonds and notes2
Loan capital2
Payables and other liabilities

Total fi nancial liabilities

Consolidated at
30 September 2006

Financial liabilities
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Derivative fi nancial instruments1
Deposits and other borrowings
Liability for acceptances
Bonds and notes2
Loan capital2
Payables and other liabilities

Total fi nancial liabilities

At amortised cost

At fair value through profi t or loss

Hedging

Total

Carrying Amount

Designated 
on initial 
recognition
$m

Held for 
Trading
$m

Sub-total
$m

–
–
6,015
–
3,611
2,778
–

–
8,329
–
–
–
–
–

–
8,329
6,015
–
3,611
2,778
–

12,404

8,329

20,733

$m

$m

–
424
–
–
–
–
–

424

14,118
8,753
204,794
13,435
50,050
11,126
10,108

312,384

$m

14,118
–
198,779
13,435
46,439
8,348
10,108

291,227

At amortised cost

At fair value through profi t or loss

Hedging

Total

Fair value

Designated 
on initial 
recognition
$m

Held for 
Trading
$m

Sub-total
$m

–
–
6,015
–
3,611
2,778
–

–
8,329
–
–
–
–
–

–
8,329
6,015
–
3,611
2,778
–

12,404

8,329

20,733

$m

$m

–
424
–
–
–
–
–

424

14,118
8,753
204,791
13,435
50,051
11,122
10,108

312,378

$m

14,118
–
198,776
13,435
46,440
8,344
10,108

291,221

1   Derivative financial instruments classified as ‘held for trading’ include derivatives entered into as economic hedges which are not designated as accounting hedges.
2  Fair value hedging is applied to financial liabilities within bonds and notes and loan capital. The resulting fair value adjustments mean that the carrying value differs from the amortised cost.

Financial Report  127

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

37: Fair Value of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (continued)

DEPOSITS AND OTHER BORROWINGS
The fair value of a deposit liability without 
a specifi ed maturity or at call is deemed to 
be the amount payable on demand at the 
reporting date. The fair value is not adjusted 
for any value expected to be derived from 
retaining the deposit for a future period of 
time.

For interest bearing fi xed maturity deposits 
and other borrowings and acceptances 
without quoted market prices, market 
borrowing rates of interest for debt with 
a similar maturity are used to discount 
contractual cash fl ows.

BONDS AND NOTES AND LOAN CAPITAL
The aggregate fair value of bonds and 
notes and loan capital is calculated based 
on quoted market prices. For those debt 
issues where quoted market prices were 
not available, a discounted cash fl ow 
model using a yield curve appropriate for 
the remaining term to maturity of the debt 
instrument is used.

PAYABLES AND OTHER FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
This category includes accrued interest and 
fees payable for which the carrying amount 
is considered to approximate the fair value.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
As outlined in note 45, the Group has 
various credit related commitments. Based 
upon the level of fees currently charged for 
granting such commitments, taking into 
account maturity and interest rates, together 
with any changes in the creditworthiness 
of counterparties since origination of the 
commitments, their estimated replacement 
or net fair value is not material.

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED 
AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS
Parts of loan capital, bonds and notes 
and deposits and other borrowings have 
been designated as fi nancial liabilities at 
fair value through profi t or loss in order to 
eliminate an accounting mismatch which 
would arise if the liabilities were otherwise 
carried at amortised cost.

Deposits and other borrowings
At balance date, the carrying amount of 
deposits and other borrowings designated at 
fair value through profi t or loss was $8,135 
million (2006: $6,015 million). This is $74 
million (2006: $92 million) lower than the 
contractual amount payable to the holder 
at maturity. The accumulated amount of the 
change in fair value attributable to changes 
in credit risk on these liabilities was less 
than $1 million (2006: less than $1 million).

Bonds and notes
At balance date, the carrying amount of 
bonds and notes designated at fair value 
through profi t or loss was $4,996 million 
(2006: $3,611 million). This is $2 million 
(2006: $43 million) higher than the 
contractual amount payable to the holder 
at maturity. The accumulated amount of 
the change in fair value attributable to 
changes in credit risk on these liabilities 
was a decrease in the liability of $31 
million (2006: a decrease in the liability 
of $2 million). During the year a gain of 
$29 million (2006: loss of $1 million) was 
recognised from the change in credit risk 
associated with bonds and notes.

Loan capital

At balance date, the carrying amount of 
loan capital designated at fair value through 
profi t or loss was $2,260 million (2006: 
$2,778 million). This is $5 million (2006: 
$67 million) higher than the contractual 
amount payable to the holder at maturity. 
The accumulated amount of the change in 
fair value attributable to changes in credit 
risk on these liabilities was an increase 
in the liability of $12 million (2006: an 
increase in the liability of $29 million). 
During the year a gain of $17 million (2006: 
gain of $4 million) was recognised from the 
change in credit risk associated with loan 
capital.

For each of loan capital, bonds and notes 
and deposits and other borrowings, the 
change in fair value attributable to changes 
in credit risk has been determined as the 
amount of change in fair value that is not 
attributable to changes in market conditions 
that give rise to market risks (benchmark 
interest rate, and foreign exchange rates). 

128  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

38: Segment Analysis

For management purposes the Group is organised into three major business segments being Personal, Institutional and New Zealand Business. 
An expanded description of the principal activities for each of the business segments is contained in the Glossary on pages 170 to 171.

A summarised description of each business segment is shown below:

Personal

Provides:

  Rural Commercial & Agribusiness Products, Small Business Banking Products, Banking 
Products, Consumer Finance, Investment and Insurance Products, Mortgages and other 
(including the branch network) in Australia;
  Retail banking services in the Pacifi c region; and
  Vehicle and equipment fi nance, rental services and fi xed and at call investments.

Institutional

Provides:

  A full range of fi nancial services to the Group’s business banking, corporate and institutional 
customers including Corporate Finance, Business Banking, Markets and Working Capital.

New Zealand Businesses

Provides:

  A full range of banking services for personal, small business and corporate customers 

in New Zealand. 

  Including ANZ Retail, NBNZ Retail, Corporate and Commercial Banking, Investment Insurance 

Products, Private Banking, Rural Banking and Central Support.

As the composition of segments was amended during the year, September 2006 comparatives have been adjusted to be consistent with the 
2007 segment defi nitions.

BUSINESS SEGMENT ANALYSIS1, 2

Consolidated 
Year ended 30 September 2007

External interest income
External interest expense
Adjust for intersegment interest

Net interest income 
Other external operating income
Share of net profi t of equity accounted investments

Segment revenue

Other external expenses
Net intersegment (income)/expenses

Operating expenses
Provision for credit impairment

Segment result

Income tax expense
Minority interests

Profi t after income tax attributable to shareholders of the company

Capital expenditure

Non-Cash Expenses
Depreciation & amortisation 
Equity-settled share-based payment expenses
Provision for credit impairment
Provisions for employee entitlements
Provision for restructuring

Financial Position
Total external assets4
Share of associate and joint venture companies 
Total external liabilities5
Goodwill
Intangibles

Personal
$m

Institutional
$m

New 
Zealand
Businesses
$m

11,047
(3,275)
(4,490)

3,282
1,407
4

4,693

(1,894)
(346)

(2,240)
(393)

2,060

(616)
(2)

1,442

60

(132)
(21)
(393)
(25)
(10)

8,982
(6,396)
(611)

1,975
1,511
16

3,502

(1,070)
(308)

(1,378)
(69)

2,055

(604)
(3)

1,448

32

(37)
(25)
(69)
(17)
(9)

5,879
(3,539)
(674)

1,666
487
20

2,173

(1,023)
(11)

(1,034)
(69)

1,070

(344)
–

726

36

(39)
(11)
(69)
(55)
(2)

Other3
$m

Consolidated
total
$m

302
(5,698)
5,775

379
419
219

26,210
(18,908)
–

7,302
3,824
259

1,017

11,385

(966)
665

(301)
(36)

680

(114)
(2)

564

285

(107)
(5)
(36)
(24)
(22)

(4,953)
–

(4,953)
(567)

5,865

(1,678)
(7)

4,180

413

(315)
(62)
(567)
(121)
(43)

153,488
16
74,942
307
319

156,516
177
143,623
4
136

71,284
181
58,506
20
22

11,212
3,056
92,891
2,795
74

392,500
3,430
369,962
3,126
551

1  Results are equity standardised.
2   Intersegment transfers are accounted for and determined on an arm’s length or cost recovery basis.
3   Includes INGA & Private Bank, Treasury, Operations, Technology & Shared Services, Corporate Centre, Group Risk Management, Group Financial Management and significant items. 

Also includes the London headquartered project finance and certain structured finance transactions that ANZ has exited as part of its de-risking strategy.

4   Excludes deferred tax assets.
5   Excludes income tax liabilities.

Financial Report  129

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

38: Segment Analysis (continued)

The following analysis details fi nancial information by business segment.

BUSINESS SEGMENT ANALYSIS1, 2

Consolidated 
Year ended 30 September 2006

External interest income
External interest expense
Adjust for intersegment interest

Net interest income 
Other external operating income
Share of net profi t of equity accounted investments

Segment revenue

Other external expenses
Net intersegment expenses

Operating expenses
Provision for credit impairment

Segment result

Income tax expense
Minority interests

Profi t after income tax attributable to the shareholders 
of the Company 

Capital expenditure

Non-Cash Expenses
Depreciation & amortisation
Equity-settled share-based payment expenses
Provision for credit impairment
Provisions for employee entitlements
Provision for restructuring

Financial Position
Total external assets4
Share of associate and joint venture entities
Total external liabilities5
Goodwill
Intangibles

Personal
$m

Institutional
$m

9,344
(2,669)
(3,658)

3,017
1,159
7

4,183

(1,766)
(315)

(2,081)
(336)

1,766

(526)
(1)

1,239

57

(126)
(25)
(336)
(22)
(15)

7,595
(4,894)
(686)

2,015
1,226
15

3,256

(955)
(301)

(1,256)
(58)

1,942

(576)
(3)

1,363

10

(23)
(28)
(58)
(13)
(23)

New 
Zealand
Business
$m

5,070
(3,122)
(441)

1,507
461
20

1,988

(982)
(5)

(987)
(4)

997

(322)
–

675

47

(43)
(9)
(4)
(51)
(1)

Other3
$m

Consolidated
total
$m

292
(4,673)
4,785

404
169
152

725

(828)
621

(207)
(9)

509

(98)
–

411

136

(100)
(14)
(9)
(9)
(12)

22,301
(15,358)
–

6,943
3,015
194

10,152

(4,531)
–

(4,531)
(407)

5,214

(1,522)
(4)

3,688

250

(292)
(76)
(407)
(95)
(51)

136,915
22
67,151
33
269

118,996
152
107,913
–
92

63,717
164
52,330
20
19

14,759
1,862
86,518
2,847
57

334,387
2,200
313,912
2,900
437

1  Results are equity standardised.
2  Intersegment transfers are accounted for and determined on an arm’s length or cost recovery basis.
3  Includes Partnerships & Private Bank, Treasury, Operations, Technology & Shared Services, Corporate Centre, Group Risk Management and Group Financial Management and significant items. 

Also includes the London headquartered project finance and certain structured finance transactions that ANZ has exited as part of its de-risking strategy.

4  Excludes deferred tax assets.
5  Excludes income tax liabilities.

130  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

38: Segment Analysis (continued)

The following analysis details fi nancial information by geographic location.

GEOGRAPHIC SEGMENT ANALYSIS1, 2

Consolidated 

Income
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Total assets3
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Capital Expenditure
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

1  Intersegment transfers are accounted for and determined on an arm’s length or cost recovery basis.
2  The geographic segments represent the locations in which the transaction was booked.
3  Excludes deferred tax assets.

2007

2006

$m

%

$m

%

20,180
8,092
2,021

30,293

272,968
91,033
28,499

392,500

326
36
51

413

66%
27%
7%

100%

70%
23%
7%

100%

79%
9%
12%

100%

16,861
6,962
1,687

25,510

229,973
82,772
21,642

334,387

171
47
32

250

66%
27%
7%

100%

69%
25%
6%

100%

68%
19%
13%

100%

Financial Report  131

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

39: Notes to the Cash Flow Statements

a) Reconciliation of net profi t after income tax to net cash provided by operating activities

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

Infl ows
(Outfl ows)

Infl ows
(Outfl ows)

Infl ows
(Outfl ows)

Infl ows
(Outfl ows)

Operating profi t after income tax attributable to shareholders of the Company

4,180

3,688

3,551

3,174

Adjustments to reconcile operating profi t after income tax 
to net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities

Provision for credit impairment
Depreciation and amortisation
Profi t on sale of Businesses
Provision for employee entitlements, restructuring and other provisions
Payments from provisions
(Profi t)/loss on sale of premises and equipment
(Profi t)/loss on sale of available-for-sale assets
Share based payments

Net (increase)/decrease in operating assets
Trading securities
Liquid assets greater than three months
Due from other banks-more than 90 days
Loans and advances
Net intra-group loans and advances
Regulatory deposits
Interest receivable
Accrued income
Net tax assets
Amortisation of discounts/premiums included in investing activities 

Net (decrease)/increase in operating liabilities
Deposits and other borrowings
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Payables and other liabilities
Interest payable
Accrued expenses
Other

Total adjustments

Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities

567
309
(234)
336
(307)
(33)
(14)
7

(7,325)
(1,641)
(410)
(37,403)
–
(54)
(56)
(23)
(203)
(80)

33,964
4,326
(91)
367
23
(242)

407
292
–
250
(223)
4
(8)
31

(1,681)
(1,300)
1,318
(26,848)
–
(42)
(119)
(24)
297
(151)

16,129
1,859
541
482
10
(67)

(8,217)

(8,843)

(4,037)

(5,155)

388
242
(39)
286
(245)
4
(4)
7

(6,894)
(1,865)
(195)
(27,739)
(10,305)
(31)
(3)
(38)
(565)
–

34,585
3,050
(11)
206
25
(144)

(9,285)

(5,734)

278
223
–
106
(83)
5
(7)
31

(182)
(441)
177
(18,732)
66
(17)
4
(27)
32
–

14,736
2,462
1,221
830
13
563

1,258

4,432

b) Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include liquid assets and amounts due from other fi nancial institutions with an original term to maturity of less than 90 
days. Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the fi nancial year as shown in the statements of cash fl ows are reconciled to the related items in the 
statements of fi nancial position as follows:

Liquid assets – less than 90 days (refer note 9)
Due from other fi nancial institutions – less than 90 days (refer note 10)

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

12,307
6,767

11,633
8,711

The Company

2007
$m

6,701
5,339

2006
$m

8,050
5,520

Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cashfl ows

19,074

20,344

12,040

13,570

132  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

39: Notes to the Cash Flow Statements (continued)

c) Acquisitions and disposals

Cash outfl ows from acquisitions
Purchases of controlled entities (note 18)
Purchases of interest in associates and joint ventures

Cash infl ows from disposals
Disposals of controlled entities (note 18)
Disposals of associates and joint ventures

No material acquisitions and disposals have occured in 2006.

d) Non-cash fi nancing and investing activities

Share capital issues
Dividend reinvestment plans

e) Financing arrangements

Credit standby arrangements 
  Standby Lines
Other fi nancing arrangements
  Overdraft and other fi nancing arrangements

Total fi nance available

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$m

203
1,247

1,450

377
67

444

2006
$m

–
289

289

–
14

14

2007
$m

177
372

549

–
67

67

2006
$m

–
230

230

–
10

10

442

165

442

165

2007

2006

Available
$m

Unused
$m

Available
$m

Unused
$m

192

3,429

3,621

184

727

911

827

3,466

4,293

821

985

1,806

Financial Report  133

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

40: Controlled Entities

Ultimate parent of the Group
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited

All controlled entities are 100% owned unless otherwise noted. 
The material controlled entities of the Group are:
Amerika Samoa Bank
ANZ Capel Court Limited
ANZ Capital Funding Pty Ltd
ANZ Capital Hedging Pty Ltd
ANZ Commodity Trading Pty Ltd
ANZcover Insurance Pty Ltd
ANZ Trustees Limited
ANZ Funds Pty Ltd
  ANZ Bank (Europe) Limited*
  ANZ Bank (Samoa) Limited*
  ANZ Holdings (New Zealand) Limited*
ANZ National Bank Limited*

ANZ Investment Services (New Zealand) Limited*
ANZ National (Int’l) Limited*
Arawata Finance Limited*
Arawata Holdings Limited*

Harcourt Corporation Limited*

Airlie Investments Limited*
Nerine Finance No. 21

Arawata Trust Company*
Arawata Trust*

Endeavour Finance Limited*
Tui Endeavour Limited*

National Bank of New Zealand Custodians Limited*

Alos Holdings Limited*

NBNZ Holdings Ltd*
Private Nominees Limited*
UDC Finance Limited*

  ANZ International (Hong Kong) Limited*

ANZ Asia Limited*
ANZ Bank (Vanuatu) Limited*
  ANZ International Private Limited*
ANZ Singapore Limited*
  ANZ Online Holdings Pty Ltd

ETRADE Australia Limited
  ANZ Royal Bank (Cambodia) Limited*1
  Bank of Kiribati Ltd*1
  LFD Limited
  Minerva Holdings Limited*

Upspring Limited*
ANZ Investment Holdings Pty Ltd
  530 Collins Street Property Trust
ANZ Lenders Mortgage Insurance Pty Limited
ANZ Nominees Limited
ANZ Orchard Investments Pty Ltd
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group (PNG) Limited*
Citizens Bancorp Inc
  Citizens Security Bank (Guam) Inc
Coral Finance Limited1
Esanda Finance Corporation Limited
Kingfi sher Trust 2004-1G1
Omeros II Trust1
PT ANZ Panin Bank*1
ANZ Vientiane Commercial Bank Limited*1

Incorporated in

Nature of Business

Australia

Banking

American Samoa
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
England
Samoa
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand
Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Vanuatu
Singapore
Singapore
Australia
Australia
Cambodia
Kiribati
Australia
England
England
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Papua New Guinea
Guam
Guam
England 
Australia
Australia
Australia
Indonesia
Laos

Banking
Investment Banking
Funding
Hedging
Finance
Captive-Insurance
Trustee/Nominee
Investment
Banking
Banking
Holding Company
Banking
Fund Manager
Finance
Finance
Holding Company
Investment
Investment
Finance
 Finance
 Finance
 Finance
Finance
Custodians
Finance
Holding Company
Nominee
Finance
Holding Company
Banking
Banking
Holding Company
Merchant Banking
Holding Company
Online Stockbroking
Banking
Banking
Holding Company
Holding Company
Finance
Holding Company
Investment
Mortgage Insurance
Nominee
Holding Company
Banking
Holding Company
Banking
Securitisation
 General Finance
Securitisation
Securitisation
Banking
Banking

*  Audited by overseas KPMG firms.
1  Minority interests hold ordinary shares or units in the controlled entities listed above as follows: Bank of Kiribati Ltd - 150,000 $1 ordinary shares (25%) (2006 : 150,000 $1 ordinary shares 

(25%); PT ANZ Panin Bank – 7,500 IDR 1 million shares (15%) (2006: 7,500 IDR 1 million shares (15%); Nerine Finance No. 2 – 3,650 NZD100,000 redeemable preference shares and 35 NZD1 
Class ‘A’ shares (42%) (2006: 3,650 NZD100,000 redeemable preference shares and 35 NZD1 Class ‘A’ shares (42%)); ANZ Royal Bank (Cambodia) Limited – 180,000 USD100 ordinary shares 
(45%) (2006: 99,000 USD100 ordinary shares (45%)); Coral Finance Limited – GBP 1 ordinary share (67%) (2006: GBP 1 ordinary share (67%)); Kingfisher Trust 2004 – 1G residual capital 
unitholder (2006: residual capital unitholder); ANZ Vientiane Commercial Bank – 4,000,000 $1 ordinary shares (40%) (2006: n/a); Omeros II Trust – residual capital unitholder (2006: residual 
capital unitholder).

134  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

41: Associates

Signifi cant associates of the Group are as follows:

P.T. Bank Pan Indonesia1
Bank of Tianjin (formerly Tianjin City 
Commercial Bank)2

Metrobank Card Corporation Inc3
AMMB Holdings Berhad4
Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank5

Other associates

Total carrying value of associates

Ownership
 interest
 held

30%
20%

40%
19%
20%

Voting
interest

30%
20%

40%
14%8
20%

Incorporated
in

Carrying
value6
$m

Indonesia
Peoples Republic 
of China

Philippines
Malaysia
Peoples Republic
of China

252
164

28
804
307

194

1,749

Reporting
date

31 December
31 December

31 December
31 March 
31 December

Fair
value7
$m

527
n/a

n/a
873
n/a

n/a

Principal
activity

Banking
Banking

Cards Issuing
Banking
Banking

1  An associate from 1 April 2001.
2  An associate from 13 June 2006.
3  An associate from 9 October 2003.
4  An associate from 18 May 2007.
5   An associate from 20 September 2007.
6  2006 carrying values as follows: P.T. Bank Pan Indonesia $222 million, Bank of Tianjin $164 million, Metrobank Card Corporation Inc $28 million, and Other associates $178 million. Total $592 million.
7  Applicable to those investments in associates where there are published price quotations.
8  The investment in AMMB Holdings Berhad comprises ordinary shares, preference shares mandatorily converting into ordinary shares, and bonds exchangeable into ordinary shares. The terms of the 

preference shares allow ANZ to convert the preference shares into ordinary shares any time, and they will mandatorily convert after 5 years on issue. The terms of the exchangeable bonds allow ANZ to 
convert the exchangeable bonds into ordinary shares at any time within the 10 year period to maturity. Currently held ordinary shares provide ANZ a voting interest of 14%. The other instruments could 
increase ANZ’s voting interest and ownership interest up to 25%, when converted or exchanged in full. An increase above 20% would require regulatory approval. 

Aggregate assets of signifi cant associates
Aggregate liabilities of signifi cant associates
Aggregate revenue of signifi cant associates

Results of Associates
Share of associates profi t before income tax
Share of income tax expense

Share of associates net profi t – as disclosed by associates
Adjustments

- withholding tax
- provisioning
- other

Share of associates net profi t accounted for using the equity method

42: Interests in Joint Venture Entities
The Group has interests in joint venture entities as follows:

Ownership
 interest
 held

Voting
interest
held

Incorporated
in

Carrying
value6
$m

Reporting
dates

ING Australia Limited1, 5

49%2

49%2

Australia

1,519

31 December

ING (NZ) Holdings Limited3,5

49%4

50%4

New Zealand

162

31 December

2007
$m

64,649
60,081
4,737

2006
$m

16,784
15,356
586

Consolidated

2007
$m

131
(37)

94

(4)
(2)
(1)

87

2006
$m

70
(17)

53

(2)
4
1

56

Principal
activity

Funds Management
and Insurance

Funds Management
and Insurance

Total interests in Joint Venture entities

1,681

1  A joint venture entity from 1 May 2002.
2  This represents the Group’s 49% share of the assets and liabilities of ING Australia Limited. The Group has joint control of the joint venture, and accordingly the entity is not consolidated.
  Key details of the joint venture are:

■  ING Australia Limited is owned 51% by ING Group and 49% by ANZ.
■  Both shareholders have an equal say in strategic decisions with a number of matters requiring the approval of both shareholders (i.e. require unanimous approval). 
  These include major items of capital expenditure, acquisitions or disposals in excess of $20 million and changes to the Board structure.
■  Equal board representation with four Group nominees and four ING Group nominees. All key issues (including business plans, major capital expenditure, acquisitions etc) require unanimous 
  Board approval.
■  Refer to Critical Accounting Estimate item (ii) for details regarding valuation of investment in ING Australia Limited.
The Joint Venture includes the majority of the Group’s and ING’s funds management and insurance activities in Australia.

3  A joint venture entity from 30 September 2005.
4  This represents the Group’s 49% share of assets and liabilities of ING (NZ) Holdings Limited. The Group has joint control of the joint venture, and accordingly the entity is not consolidated. 
  Key details of the joint venture are:

■  ING (NZ) Holdings Limited is owned 51% by ING Group and 49% by ANZ.
■  Both shareholders have an equal say in strategic decisions with a number of matters requiring the approval of both shareholders (i.e. require unanimous approval). These include major

items of capital expenditure, acquisitions or disposals in excess of $20 million and changes to the Board structure.

■  Equal board representation with four Group nominees and four ING Group nominees. All key decisions (including business plans, major capital expenditure, acquisitions etc) require
  unanimous Board approval. 
■  Refer to Critical Estimates and Judgements used in Applying Accounting Policies item (iii) for details regarding valuation of investment in ING (NZ) Holdings Limited 
The joint venture includes the majority of the Group’s and ING’s funds management and insurance activities in New Zealand.

5  ING Australia Limited and ING (NZ) Holdings Limited have different reporting dates than the Consolidated Group to align with the ING Group parent entity.
6  2006 carrying values as follows: ING Australia Limited $1,462 million; and ING (NZ) Holdings Limited $146 million.

Financial Report  135

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

42: Interests in Joint Venture Entities (continued)

ING Australia Limited

ING (NZ) Holdings 
Limited

Consolidated
Total

Retained profi ts attributable to the joint venture entity
At the beginning of the year
At the end of the year

Movement in the carrying amount of the joint venture entity
Carrying amount at the commencement of the year
IFRS opening balance sheet adjustments
Share of net profi t
Dividend received
Movement in reserves 
Adjustment for exchange rate fl uctuations

2007
$m

256
313

1,462
–
152
(95)
–
–

2006
$m

183
256

1,530
(138)
119
(46)
(3)
–

Carrying amount at the end of the year

1,519

1,462

2007
$m

19
39

146
–
20
–
–
(4)

162

70
137

207

19
9

28

2006
$m

–
19 

131
–
19
–
–
(4)

146

70
154

224

45
16

61

2007
$m

275
352

1,608
–
172
(95)
–
(4)

2006
$m

183
275

1,661
(138)
138
(46)
(3)
(4)

1,681

1,608

14,782
1,954

12,563
1,724

16,736

14,287

14,900
707

12,475
751

15,607

13,226

14,712
1,817

12,493
1,570

16,529

14,063

14,881
698

12,430
735

15,579

13,165

950

898

179

163

1,129

1,061

433
(233)

200

(48)

152

152

150
19

169

27

27

372
(216)

156

(37)

119

119

154
18

172

65

65

69
(49)

20

–

20

20

3
–

3

–

–

59
(39)

20

(1)

19

19

3
–

3

–

–

502
(282)

220

(48)

172

172

153
19

172

27

27

431
(255)

176

(38)

138

138

157
18

175

65

65

Share of assets and liabilities1
Investments
Other assets

Share of total assets

Policy holder liabilities
Other liabilities

Share of total liabilities

Share of net assets

Share of revenues, expenses and results
Revenues
Expenses

Profi t before income tax

Income tax expense

Profi t after income tax

Net equity accounted profi t

Share of commitments
Lease commitments
Other commitments

Share of total expenditure commitments

Share of contingent liabilities

In relation to ANZ’s interest in the joint venture entity2

1  This represents the Group’s share of the assets and liabilities of ING Australia Limited and ING (NZ) Holdings Limited, less minority interests and including goodwill on acquisition of ANZ Funds 
  Management entities.
2  This represents Deeds of Subordination with ASIC and buyer of last resort.

43: Fiduciary Activities

The Group conducts various fi duciary activities as follows:

Investment fi duciary activities for trusts
The Group conducts investment fi duciary activities for trusts, including deceased estates. These trusts have not been consolidated as the Group 
does not have direct or indirect control.

Where the Company or its controlled entities incur liabilities in respect of these operations as trustee, where the primary obligation is 
incurred in an agency capacity as trustee of the trust rather than on the Group’s own account, a right of indemnity exists against the assets 
of the applicable funds or trusts. As these assets are suffi cient to cover the liabilities and it is therefore not probable that the Company or its 
controlled entities will be required to settle the liabilities, the liabilities are not included in the fi nancial statements.

136  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

43: Fiduciary Activities (continued)

The aggregate amounts of funds concerned are as follows:

Trusteeships

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

2,651

2,080

Funds management activities
Funds management activities are conducted through the ING Australia Limited and ING (NZ) Holdings Limited joint ventures and certain 
subsidiaries of the Group. As stated in note 1 (ii), shares in joint venture entities are stated in the consolidated balance sheet at cost plus the 
Group’s share of post acquisition earnings. Funds under management on behalf of customers are not consolidated because these funds invest 
in specifi ed investments on behalf of clients.

The Group controlled or jointly controlled fund management companies with funds under management as follows:

ING Australia Limited Joint Venture
ING (NZ) Holdings Limited Joint Venture
Controlled entities – New Zealand
Controlled entities – Australia

2007
$m

49,461
7,220
3,895
798

2006
$m

42,783
7,256
3,721
150

61,374

53,910

Custodian services activities
Custodian services are conducted through ANZ Custodian Services. ANZ Custodian Services holds investment assets under custody on behalf 
of external customers and as a consequence the assets are not consolidated in the Group’s accounts. As at 30 September 2007, ANZ Custodian 
Services had funds under custody of $148.2 billion (30 September 2006: $120.2 billion).

44: Commitments

Property
Contracts for construction of new offi ce building in Docklands area, Melbourne Australia
  Not later than 1 year
  Later than one year but not later than 5 years
Aquisitions2
  Not later than 1 year
Capital expenditure
Contracts for outstanding capital expenditure
  Not later than 1 year

Total capital expenditure commitments1

Lease rentals
Land and buildings
  Not later than 1 year
  Later than 1 year but not later than 5 years
  Later than 5 years

Furniture and equipment
  Not later than 1 year
  Later than 1 year but not later than 5 years
  Later than 5 years

Total lease rental commitments

Total commitments

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

171
212

9

101

493

232
512
384

–
–

–

55

55

227
567
433

1,128

1,227

29
29
–

58

24
19
1

44

171
212

9

83

475

159
373
356

888

16
16
–

32

1,186

1,679

1,271

1,326

920

1,395

–
–

–

16

16

151
399
399

949

17
10
–

27

976

992

1  Relates to premises and equipment.
2  At 30 September 2007, the Group had entered into conditional contracts, subject to regulatory and shareholder approval, to acquire a 40% equity interest in Sacom Cards for $9 million.

Financial Report  137

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

45: Contingent Liabilities, Contingent Assets and Credit Related Commitments

CUSTOMER RELATED CREDIT RELATED COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Credit related commitments
Facilities provided

Undrawn facilities1

Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Total

Consolidated

The Company

2007
Contract
amount
$m

2006
Contract
amount
$m

2007
Contract
amount
$m

2006 
Contract
amount
$m

107,269

98,554

86,124

77,720

70,692
18,765
17,812

62,746
18,840
16,968

69,999
–
16,125

61,741
–
15,979

107,269

98,554

86,124

77,720

1  The credit risk of the undrawn facilities may be less than the contract amount, however the credit risk has been taken to be the contract amount. The majority of undrawn facilities are subject 
to customers maintaining specific credit standards. The amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements as many of these facilities are expected to be partially used or to 
expire unused.

Contingent liabilities
Details of the estimated maximum amount of contingent liabilities that may become payable are disclosed on the following pages. These 
contingent liabilities relate to transactions that the Group has entered into as principal. By contrast, the quantitative tabular presentation below 
relates to customer contingent liabilities, i.e. direct credit substitutes and trade and performance related items. 

Guarantees, Standby letters of credit, Bill endorsements and Other are classifi ed by APRA as direct credit substitutes and exhibit the same 
credit risk characteristics as a direct extension of credit. The maximum potential amount of future payments represents the contract amount 
that could be lost if the counterparty fails to meet its fi nancial obligations. 

Documentary letters of credit involve the issue of letters of credit guaranteeing payment in favour of an exporter secured against an underlying 
shipment of goods or backed by a confi rmatory letter of credit from another bank.

Performance related contingencies are liabilities that oblige the Group to make payments to a third party should the customer fail to fulfi l the 
non-monetary terms of the contract. 

The Group guarantees the performance of customers by issuing standby letters of credit and guarantees to third parties. The risk involved is 
essentially the same as the credit risk involved in extending loan facilities to customers, therefore these transactions are subjected to the same 
credit origination, portfolio management and collateral requirements for customers applying for loans. As the facilities may expire without being 
drawn upon, the notional amounts do not necessarily refl ect future cash requirements.

The credit risk of these facilities may be less than the contract amount, however the credit risk has been taken to be the contract amount.

138  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

45: Contingent Liabilities, Contingent Assets and Credit Related Commitments (continued)

Guarantees
Standby letters of credit 
Bill endorsements
Documentary letters of credit
Performance related contingencies
Other

Total customer contingent liabilities

Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets

Total customer contingent liabilities

Consolidated

The Company

2007
Contract
amount
$m

5,410
1,476
28
3,238
12,671
993

2006
Contract
amount
$m

4,690
1,468
100
3,078
11,710
1,009

2007
Contract
amount
$m

5,194
1,474
28
3,080
12,091
307

2006 
Contract
amount
$m

4,611
1,296
100
2,939
11,265
628

23,816

22,055

22,174

20,839

10,535
1,253
12,028

9,473
1,011
11,571

10,525
–
11,649

9,462
–
11,377

23,816

22,055

22,174

20,839

ASSETS PLEDGED AS SECURITY AND SECURED LIABILITIES
The following assets are pledged as collateral:
  mandatory reserve deposits held with local central banks in accordance with statutory requirements. These deposits are not available to 
fi nance the Group’s day to day operations; and 
  debenture undertakings covering the assets of Esanda Finance Corporation Limited (Esanda) and its subsidiaries and UDC Finance Limited. 
The debenture stock of Esanda and its subsidiaries and UDC Finance Limited is secured by a trust deed and collateral debentures, giving 
fl oating charges upon the undertaking of all the tangible assets of the entity, other than land and buildings. All controlled entities of Esanda 
and UDC Finance Limited have guaranteed the payment of principal, interest and other monies in relation to all debenture stock and 
unsecured notes issued by Esanda and UDC Finance Limited respectively. Note that the only loans pledged are those in Esanda and UDC 
Finance Limited.

The value of assets pledged as security is as follows:

Regulatory deposits
Assets pledged as collateral under debenture undertakings1

1   Related liabilities is $9,539 million (2006: $9,757 million).

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

235
15,347

205
16,028

15,582

16,233

The Company

2007
$m

148
–

148

2006
$m

132
–

132

The Group has accepted collateral that it is permitted to sell or repledge in connection with its stock-lending activities. The fair value of the 
collateral accepted is $3.5 billion (2006: $3.3 billion) and this equates to our obligation to our counterparties.

OTHER BANK RELATED CONTINGENT 
LIABILITIES
The details and estimated maximum amount 
of contingent liabilities that may become 
payable are set out below.

i) Clearing and settlement obligations
In accordance with the clearing and 
settlement arrangements set out:
  in the Australian Payments Clearing 
Association Limited Regulations for the 
Australian Paper Clearing System, the 
Bulk Electronic Clearing System, the 
Consumer Electronic Clearing System and 
the High Value Clearing System (HVCS), 
the Company has a commitment to comply 
with rules which could result in a bilateral 

exposure and loss in the event of a failure 
to settle by a member institution; and
  in the Austraclear System Regulations 
and the CLS Bank International Rules, the 
Company has a commitment to participate 
in loss-sharing arrangements in the 
event of a failure to settle by a member 
institution. 

For HVCS and Austraclear, the obligation 
arises only in limited circumstances.

ii) Nominee activities
The Group will indemnify each customer 
of controlled entities engaged in nominee 
activities against loss suffered by reason 
of such entities failing to perform any 

obligation undertaken by them to a 
customer.

iii) Interbank deposit agreement
ANZ has entered into an Interbank Deposit 
Agreement with the major banks in the 
payments system. This agreement is a 
payment system support facility certifi ed 
by the Australian Prudential Regulation 
Authority, where the terms are such that if 
any bank is experiencing liquidity problems, 
the other participants are required to 
deposit equal amounts of up to $2 billion for 
a period of 30 days. At the end of 30 days 
the deposit holder has the option to repay 
the deposit in cash or by way of assignment 
of mortgages to the value of the deposit.

Financial Report  139

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

45: Contingent Liabilities, Contingent Assets and Credit Related Commitments (continued)

relating to those businesses and, where it 
was anticipated that payments would be 
likely under the warranties or indemnities, 
made provisions to cover the anticipated 
liability. The issues below have not 
impacted adversely the reported results. All 
settlements, penalties and costs have been 
covered within the provisions established at 
the time.

FERA
In 1991 certain amounts were transferred 
from non-convertible Indian Rupee accounts 
maintained with Grindlays in India. These 
transactions may not have complied with 
the provisions of the Foreign Exchange 
Regulation Act, 1973. Grindlays, on its own 
initiative, brought these transactions to 
the attention of the Reserve Bank of India. 
The Indian authorities have served notices 
on Grindlays and certain of its offi cers in 
India and civil penalties have been imposed 
which are the subject of appeals. Criminal 
prosecutions are pending and will be 
defended. The amounts in issue are not 
material.

Tax Indemnity 
ANZ provided an indemnity relating to tax 
liabilities of Grindlays (and its subsidiaries) 
and the Jersey Sub-Group to the extent to 
which such liabilities were not provided 
for in the Grindlays accounts as at 31 July 
2000. Claims have been made under this 
indemnity also, with no material impact on 
the Group expected.

vi) Trade Sanctions
On 1 February 2007, following a review 
of its compliance with United States (US) 
economic sanctions and discussions with 
US regulators, the Group announced that it 
had curtailed fi nancial transactions with 
US sanctioned countries and had taken 
further action to ensure compliance with 
US sanction regulations. A small number 
of transactions, 42 in total, involved 
parties from US sanctioned countries. The 
Group has made voluntary disclosures 
to US fi nancial regulators and remains in 
discussion with US regulators regarding the 
transactions. The Group has also briefed 
Australian and New Zealand regulators. 
The US sanctions regime includes the 
possibility of fi nes. Based on current 
knowledge, it is diffi cult to predict the level 
of fi nes. Nonetheless, the Group considers 
that it holds appropriate provisions for 
these issues.

iv) Contingent tax liability
The Australian Taxation Offi ce is reviewing 
the taxation treatment of certain 
transactions, including legacy structured 
fi nance transactions, undertaken by the 
Group in the course of normal business 
activities.

The Inland Revenue Department (IRD) in 
New Zealand is reviewing a number 
of conduit-relieved structured fi nance 
transactions as part of normal revenue 
authority audit procedures. This is part 
of an industry-wide review by the IRD of 
these transactions undertaken in New 
Zealand. The IRD has issued Notices of 
Proposed Adjustment (the ‘Notices’) in 
respect of some of those structured fi nance 
transactions. The Notices are not tax 
assessments and do not establish a tax 
liability, but are the fi rst step in a formal 
dispute process. In addition, the IRD has 
issued some tax assessments as a follow 
up to the Notices in some cases. Should 
the same position be adopted by the IRD 
on the remaining transactions of that 
kind as refl ected in the Notices and in the 
tax assessments received, the maximum 
potential tax liability would be approximately 
NZD506 million (including interest tax 
effected) for the period to 30 September 
2007. Of that maximum potential liability, 
approximately NZD142 million is subject 
to tax indemnities provided by Lloyds TSB 
Bank PLC under the agreement by which 
ANZ acquired the National Bank of New 
Zealand and which relate to transactions 
undertaken by the National Bank of New 
Zealand before December 2003. All of these 
conduit-relieved transactions have now 
either matured or been terminated.

Additional issue-specifi c audits and other 
investigations are being undertaken by the 
New Zealand IRD, and by revenue authorities 
in other jurisdictions as part of normal 
revenue authority activity in those countries.

The Company has assessed these and other 
taxation claims arising in Australia, New 
Zealand and elsewhere, including seeking 
independent advice where appropriate, 
and considers that it holds appropriate 
provisions.

v) Sale of Grindlays businesses
On 31 July 2000, ANZ completed the sale 
to Standard Chartered Bank (SCB) of ANZ 
Grindlays Bank Limited and the private 
banking business of ANZ in the United 
Kingdom and Jersey, together with ANZ 
Grindlays (Jersey) Holdings Limited and its 
subsidiaries, for USD1.3 billion in cash. ANZ 
provided warranties and certain indemnities 

140  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

45: Contingent Liabilities, Contingent Assets and Credit Related Commitments (continued)

vii) Deed of Cross Guarantee in respect of certain controlled entities
Pursuant to class order 98/1418 (as amended) dated 13 August 1998, relief was granted to a number of wholly owned controlled entities 
from the Corporations Act 2001 requirements for preparation, audit, and publication of individual fi nancial statements. The results of these 
companies are included in the consolidated Group results. The entities to which relief was granted are:

  ANZ Properties (Australia) Pty Ltd1
  ANZ Capital Hedging Pty Ltd1
  Alliance Holdings Pty Ltd1

1  Relief originally granted on 21 August 2001.
2  Relief originally granted on 13 August 2002.
3  Relief originally granted on 9 September 2003.

  ANZ Orchard Investments Pty Ltd2
  ANZ Securities (Holdings) Limited3

  ANZ Funds Pty Ltd1
  Votraint No. 1103 Pty Ltd2

It is the condition of the class order that the Company and each of the above controlled entities enter into a Deed of Cross Guarantee. A Deed of 
Cross Guarantee under the class order was executed by them and lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission. The Deed 
of Cross Guarantee is dated 1 March 2006. The effect of the Deed is that the Company guarantees to each creditor payment in full of any debt in 
the event of winding up any of the controlled entities under certain provisions of the Corporations Act 2001. If a winding up occurs, the Company 
will only be liable in the event that after six months any creditor has not been paid in full. The controlled entities have also given similar 
guarantees in the event that the Company is wound up. The consolidated income statement and consolidated balance sheet of the Company 
and its wholly owned controlled entities which have entered into the Deed of Cross Guarantee are:

Profi t before tax
Income tax expense

Profi t after income tax
Retained profi ts at start of year
Adjustment on adoption of accounting policies specifi ed by AASB 4, AASB 132 and AASB 139
Adjustment on adoption of AASB 2005–1

Total available for appropriation
Ordinary share dividends provided for or paid
Transfer from reserves
Actuarial gains/(losses) on defi ned benefi t plans after tax

Retained profi ts at end of year

Assets
Liquid assets
Available-for-sale assets
Net loans and advances
Other assets
Premises and equipment

Total assets

Liabilities
Deposits and other borrowings
Income tax liability
Payables and other liabilities
Provisions

Total liabilities

Net assets

Shareholders’ equity1

1  Shareholders’ equity excludes retained profits and reserves of controlled entities within the class order.

Consolidated

2007
$m

4,835
(916)

3,919
8,240
–
141

2006
$m

4,161
(922)

3,239
7,103
(29)
–

12,300
(2,363)
–
75

10,313
(2,068)
49
(54)

10,012

8,240

10,618
11,383
198,610
78,242
802

10,428
8,657
172,155
50,532
603

299,655

242,375

161,195
669
117,992
710

128,321
1,067
95,000
688

280,566

225,076

19,089

17,299

19,089

17,299

Financial Report  141

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

45: Contingent Liabilities, Contingent Assets and Credit Related Commitments (continued)

viii) Underpinning agreement – ANZ 
National Bank Limited 
The Company is party to an underpinning 
agreement with ANZ National Bank Limited 
whereby the Company undertakes to assume 
risk in relation to credit facilities extended 
by ANZ National Bank Limited to individual 
customers which exceed 35% of ANZ 
National Bank Limited’s capital base.

ix) Underpinning agreement – Australia 
and New Zealand Banking Group (PNG) 
Limited 
The Company is party to an underpinning 
agreement with Australia and New Zealand 
Banking Group (PNG) Limited whereby 
the Company undertakes to assume risk 
in relation to credit facilities extended by 
Australia and New Zealand Banking Group 
(PNG) Limited to individual customers which 
exceed 25% of Australia and New Zealand 
Banking Group (PNG) Limited’s capital base.

x) New Zealand Commerce Commission
In November 2006, the New Zealand 
Commerce Commission brought proceedings 
under the Commerce Act 1986 against Visa, 
MasterCard and all New Zealand issuers of 
Visa and MasterCard credit cards, including 
ANZ National Bank Limited. The Commission 
alleges price fi xing and substantially 
lessening competition in relation to the 
setting of credit card interchange fees and 
is seeking penalties and orders under the 
Commerce Act.

Subsequently, several major New Zealand 
retailers have issued proceedings against 
ANZ National Bank and the other above 
mentioned defendants seeking unquantifi ed 
damages, based on allegations similar 
to those contained in the Commerce 
Commission proceedings. ANZ National 
Bank is defending the proceedings. At this 
stage, the risks and any potential liabilities 
cannot be assesed.

GENERAL
There are outstanding court proceedings, 
claims and possible claims against the 
Group, the aggregate amount of which 
cannot readily be quantifi ed. Appropriate 
legal advice has been obtained and, in the 
light of such advice, provisions as deemed 
necessary have been made. The gross 
amounts of provisions made for material 
litigation contingencies as at 30 September 
2007 is $440 million (2006: $405 million).

CONTINGENT ASSETS
National Housing Bank
In 1992, Grindlays received a claim 
aggregating to approximately Indian Rupees 
5.06 billion from the National Housing 
Bank (NHB) in India. The claim arose out 
of cheques drawn by NHB in favour of 
Grindlays, the proceeds of which were 
credited to the account of a Grindlays 
customer.

Grindlays won an arbitration award in March 
1997, under which NHB paid Grindlays an 
award of Indian Rupees 9.12 billion. NHB 
subsequently won an appeal to the Special 
Court of Mumbai, after which Grindlays fi led 
an appeal with the Supreme Court of India. 
Grindlays paid the disputed money including 
interest into court. Ultimately, the parties 
settled the matter and agreed to share 
the moneys paid into court which by then 
totalled Indian Rupees 16.45 billion ($661 
million at 19 January 2002 exchange rates), 
with Grindlays receiving Indian Rupees 
6.20 billion ($248 million at 19 January 
2002 exchange rates) of the disputed 
monies. ANZ in turn received a payment 
of USD124 million (USD equivalent of the 
Indian Rupees received by Grindlays) from 
Standard Chartered Bank under the terms 
of an indemnity given in connection with 
the sale of Grindlays to Standard 
Chartered Bank.

ANZ recovered $114 million in 2006 from its 
insurers in respect of the above.

In addition, ANZ is entitled to share with 
NHB in the proceeds of any recovery from 
the estate of the customer whose account 
was credited with the cheques drawn 
by NHB. However, the Indian Taxation 
Department is claiming a statutory priority 
to all of the funds available for distribution 
to creditors of that customer. Proceedings 
are currently afoot in the Special Court of 
Mumbai to determine these issues. The 
hearing in the Special Court of Mumbai has 
concluded and the parties are awaiting an 
order from the Court.

Visa prospectus
Visa has released their prospectus as 
at September 2007 and as part of this 
prospectus ANZ will be entitled to an initial 
allocation of shares determined under a 
methodology that was agreed on among the 
Visa participating regions. This will result in 
the infl ow of economic benefi ts, the amount 
and timing of which are uncertain.

142  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

46: Superannuation and Other Post Employment Benefi t Schemes

Description of the Group’s post employment benefi t schemes
The Group has established a number of pension, superannuation and post retirement medical benefi t schemes throughout the world. The 
Group may be obliged to contribute to the schemes as a consequence of legislation and provisions of trust deeds. Legal enforceability is 
dependent on the terms of the legislation and trust deeds. 

The major schemes with assets in excess of $25m are:

Country

Australia

Scheme

Scheme type

Employee/participant

Employer

Contribution levels

ANZ Australian Staff 
Superannuation Scheme1,2

Defi ned contribution scheme
Section C3 or

Optional8

Balance of cost10

New Zealand

ANZ Group (New Zealand)
Staff Superannuation
Scheme1,2

National Bank Staff
Superannuation Fund1,2

UK

ANZ UK Staff 
Pension Scheme1

Defi ned contribution scheme
Section A or

Defi ned benefi t scheme
Pension Section4

Defi ned benefi t scheme5 or

Optional

9% of salary11

Nil

Nil

Balance of cost12

Balance of cost13

Defi ned contribution scheme

Minimum of
2.5% of salary

7.5% of salary14

Defi ned benefi t scheme6 or

5.0% of salary

Balance of cost15

Defi ned contribution scheme7

Minimum of
2.0% salary

11.5% of salary16

Defi ned benefi t scheme7

5.0% of salary9

Balance of cost17

Balance of cost: the Group’s contribution is assessed by the actuary after taking account of members’ contributions and the value of the 
schemes’ assets.

These schemes provide for pension benefits.
These schemes provide for lump sum benefits.

1 
2 
3  Closed to new members in 1997.
4  Closed to new members. Operates to make pension payments to retired members or their dependants.
5  Closed to new members on 31 March 1990. Operates to make pension payments to retired members of that section of the scheme or their dependants.
6  Closed to new members on 1 October 1991.
7  Closed to new members on 1 October 2004.
8  Optional but with minimum of 1% of salary.
9 
10  As determined by the Trustee on the recommendation of the actuary - currently 9% (2006: 9%) of members’ salaries.
11  2006: 9% of salary.
12  As determined by the Trustee on the recommendation of the actuary - currently nil (2006: nil).
13  As recommended by the actuary - currently nil (2006: nil).
14  2006: 7.5% of salary.
15  As recommended by the actuary - currently 24.8% (2006: 24.7%) of members’ salaries.
16  2006: 11.5% of salary.
17  As agreed by the Trustee and Group after taking the advice of the actuary - currently 26% (2006: 26%) of pensionable salaries and additional quarterly contributions of GBP 3.5 million until 

From 1 October 2003, all members’ contributions are at a rate of 5% of salary.

December 2015.

Financial Report  143

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

46: Superannuation and Other Post Employment Benefi t Schemes (continued)

Funding and contribution information for the defi ned benefi t sections of the schemes
The funding and contribution information for the defi ned benefi t sections of the schemes as extracted from the schemes’ most recent fi nancial 
reports are set out below. 

In this fi nancial report, the net (liability)/asset arising from the defi ned benefi t obligation recognised in the balance sheet has been determined 
in accordance with AASB 119 “Employee Benefi ts”. However, the excess or defi cit of the net market value of assets over accrued benefi ts 
shown below has been determined in accordance with AAS 25 ‘Financial Reporting by Superannuation Plans’. The excess or defi cit for funding 
purposes below differs from the net (liability)/asset in the balance sheet because AAS 25 prescribes a different measurement date and basis 
to those used for AASB 119 purposes.

2007 Schemes

ANZ Australian Staff Superannuation Scheme Pension Section2
ANZ UK Staff Pension Scheme2
ANZ UK Health Benefi ts Scheme4
ANZ Group (New Zealand) Staff Superannuation Scheme1
National Bank Staff Superannuation Fund3
Other4, 5

Total

Net market
value of
assets held
by scheme
$m

Excess/(defi cit) 
of net 
market value
of assets over
accrued benefi ts
$m

35
967
–
6
163
5

1,176

(1)
(167)
(15)
–
(5)
(2)

(190)

Accrued
benefi ts*
$m

36
1,134
15
6
168
7

1,366

* Determined in accordance with AAS 25 ‘Financial Reporting by Superannuation Plans’, which prescribes a different measurement date and basis to those applied in this financial report under 
AASB 119 ‘Employee Benefits’. Under AASB 119 the discount rates used are based on prevailing government and corporate bond rates at the reporting date (30 September 2007), rather than the 
expected return on scheme assets as at the most recent actuarial valuation date, set out below, as prescribed by AAS 25.

1  Amounts were measured at 31 December 2004.
2  Amounts were measured at 31 December 2006.
3  Amounts were measured at 31 March 2007.
4  Amounts were measured at 30 September 2007.
5  Other includes the defined benefit arrangements in Japan, Philippines and Taiwan.

2006 Schemes

ANZ Australian Staff Superannuation Scheme Pension Section2
ANZ UK Staff Pension Scheme2
ANZ UK Health Benefi ts Scheme4
ANZ Group (New Zealand) Staff Superannuation Scheme1
National Bank Staff Superannuation Fund3
Other 4, 5

Total

Net market
value of
assets held
by scheme
$m

Excess/(defi cit) 
of net 
market value
of assets over
accrued benefi ts
$m

35
997
–
6
166
5

1,209

(4)
(252)
(13)
–
(4)
(2)

(275)

Accrued
benefi ts*
$m

39
1,249
13
6
170
7

1,484

* Determined in accordance with AAS 25 ‘Financial Reporting by Superannuation Plans’, which prescribes a different measurement date and basis to those applied in this financial report under 
AASB 119 ‘Employee Benefits’. Under AASB 119 the discount rates used are based on prevailing government and corporate bond rates at the reporting date (30 September 2006), rather than the 
expected return on scheme assets as at the most recent actuarial valuation date, set out below, as prescribed by AAS 25.

1  Amounts were measured at 31 December 2004.
2  Amounts were measured at 31 December 2005.
3  Amounts were measured at 31 March 2006.
4  Amounts were measured at 30 September 2006.
5  Other includes the defined benefit arrangements in Japan, Philippines and Taiwan.

Employer contributions to the defi ned benefi t schemes are based on recommendations by the schemes’ actuaries. Funding recommendations 
are made by the actuaries based on assumptions of various matters such as future investment performance, interest rates, salary increases, 
mortality rates and turnover levels. The funding methods adopted by the actuaries are intended to ensure that the benefi t entitlements of 
employees are fully funded by the time they become payable.

The Group expects to make contributions of $41 million to the defi ned benefi t sections of the schemes during the next fi nancial year.

144  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

46: Superannuation and Other Post Employment Benefi t Schemes (continued)

The current contribution recommendations for the major defi ned sections of the schemes are described below.

ANZ Australian Staff Superannuation Scheme Pension Section
The Pension Section of the ANZ Australian Staff Superannuation Scheme is closed to new members. A full actuarial valuation, conducted by 
consulting actuaries Russell Employee Benefi ts as at 31 December 2004 showed a defi cit of $5 million and the actuary recommended that 
Group contributions to the Pension Section remain suspended. An interim actuarial valuation conducted as at 31 December 2006 showed a 
defi cit of $1 million and the expectation is that this defi cit has remained materially unchanged since that date. The next full actuarial valuation 
is due to be conducted as at 31 December 2007, at which time the funding position will be reassessed.

The following economic assumptions were used in formulating the actuary’s funding recommendations:

Rate of investment return
Pension indexation rate

8% p.a.
3% p.a.

The Group has no present liability under the Scheme’s Trust Deed to commence contributions or fund the defi cit. 

ANZ UK Staff Pension Scheme
A full actuarial valuation, conducted by consulting actuaries Watson Wyatt LLP, as at 31 December 2005 showed a defi cit of GBP 100 million 
($230 million at 30 September 2007 exchange rates).

Following the actuarial valuation as at 31 December 2005, the Group agreed to make regular contributions at the rate of 26% of pensionable 
salaries. These contributions are suffi cient to cover the cost of accruing benefi ts. To address the defi cit, the Group also agreed to pay additional 
quarterly contributions of GBP 3.5 million until 31 December 2015. These contributions will be reviewed at the next actuarial valuation which is 
scheduled to be undertaken as at 31 December 2007.

The following economic assumptions were used in formulating the actuary’s funding recommendations:

Rate of investment return on existing assets
Rate of investment return for determining ongoing contributions
Salary increases
Pension increases

5.1% p.a.
6.8% p.a.
4.8% p.a.
3.0% p.a.

The Group has no present liability under the Scheme’s Trust Deed to fund the defi cit measured under AAS 25. A contingent liability may arise 
if the Scheme was wound up. If this were to happen, the Trustee would be able to pursue the Group for additional contributions under the UK 
Employer Debt Regulations. The Group intends to continue the Scheme on an on-going basis.

On adoption of AIFRS, a net liability representing the defi ned benefi t obligation calculated under AASB 119 was recognised on the balance 
sheet. The basis of calculation under AASB 119 is detailed in note 1(xx), and on page 144.

National Bank Staff Superannuation Fund
A full actuarial valuation of the National Bank Staff Superannuation Fund, conducted by consulting actuaries AON Consulting NZ, as at 31 March 
2006 showed a defi cit of NZD6 million ($5 million at 30 September 2007 exchange rates). The actuary recommended that the Group make 
contributions of 24.8% of salaries in respect of members of the defi ned benefi t section. 

The following economic assumptions were used in formulating the actuary’s funding recommendations:

Rate of investment return (net of income tax)
Salary increases
Pension increases

5.5% p.a.
3.0% p.a.
2.5% p.a.

The Group has no present liability under the Scheme’s Trust Deed to fund the defi cit measured under AAS 25. A contingent liability may arise if 
the Scheme was wound up. Under the Fund’s Trust Deed, if the Fund were wound up, the Group is required to pay the Trustees of the Scheme 
an amount suffi cient to ensure members do not suffer a reduction in benefi ts to which they would otherwise be entitled. The Group intends to 
continue the Scheme on an on-going basis.

On adoption of AIFRS, a net asset representing the defi ned benefi t surplus calculated under AASB 119 was recognised on the balance sheet. 
The basis of calculation under AASB 119 is detailed in note 1(xx), and on page 144.

Financial Report  145

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

46: Superannuation and Other Post Employment Benefi t Schemes (continued)

The following tables summarise the components of the expense recognised in the income statement and the amounts recognised in the 
balance sheet under AASB 119 for the defi ned benefi t sections of the schemes:

Amount recognised in income in respect of defi ned benefi t schemes
Current service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on assets
Past service cost
Adjustment for contributions tax

Total included in personnel expenses (refer note 4)

Amounts included in the balance sheet in respect of its defi ned benefi t schemes
Present value of funded defi ned benefi t obligation
Fair value of scheme assets

Present value of net obligation

Amounts recognised in the balance sheet
Other assets (refer note 21)
Payables and other liabilities (refer note 26)

Present value of net obligation

Amounts recognised in equity in respect of defi ned benefi t schemes
Actuarial (gains)/losses incurred during the year and recognised directly in retained earnings
Cumulative actuarial (gains)/losses recognised directly in retained earnings

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

14
71
(77)
1
2

11

12
64
(70)
3
2

11

11
61
(67)
1
–

6

9
55
(61)
3
–

6

(1,267)
1,199

(1,462)
1,238

(1,112)
1,037

(1,296)
1,067

(68)

(224)

(75)

(229)

7
(75)

(68)

(107)
(64)

5
(229)

(224)

78
43

–
(75)

(75)

(104)
(56)

–
(229)

(229)

77
48

The Group has a legal liability to fund defi cits in the schemes, but no legal right to use any surplus in the schemes to further its own interests. 
The Group has no present liability to settle defi cits with an immediate contribution. For more information about the Group’s legal liability to fund 
defi cits, refer to the earlier description of the current contribution recommendations for the schemes.

Movements in the present value of the defi ned benefi t obligation in the relevant period
Opening defi ned benefi t obligation
Current service cost
Interest cost
Contributions from scheme participants
Actuarial (gains)/losses
Past service cost
Exchange differences on foreign schemes
Benefi ts paid

1,462
14
72
1
(101)
1
(111)
(71)

1,246
12
64
1
126
3
84
(74)

1,296
11
62
–
(92)
1
(108)
(58)

1,076
9
55
–
121
3
89
(57)

Closing defi ned benefi t obligation

1,267

1,462

1,112

1,296

Movements in the fair value of scheme assets in the relevant period
Opening fair value of scheme assets
Expected return on scheme assets
Actuarial gains/(losses)
Exchange differences on foreign schemes
Contributions from the employer
Contributions from scheme participants
Benefi ts paid

Closing fair value of scheme assets1

Actual return on scheme assets

1,238
77
6
(92)
40
1
(71)

1,099
70
48
70
24
1
(74)

1,067
67
12
(89)
38
–
(58)

922
61
44
77
20
–
(57)

1,199

1,238

1,037

1,067

82

118

79

105

1   Scheme assets include the following financial instruments issued by the Group: Cash and short term debt instruments $4.8 million (September 2006: $2.5 million), fixed interest securities 

$1.0 million ( September 2006: $5.7 million) and equities $0.2 million (September 2006: $0.6 million).

146  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

46: Superannuation and Other Post Employment Benefi t Schemes (continued)

Consolidated

The Company

Analysis of the scheme assets
Equities
Debt securities
Property
Other

Total assets

Key actuarial assumptions used (expressed as weighted averages)
Discount rate
  ANZ Australian Staff Superannuation Scheme – Pension Section
  ANZ UK Staff Pension Scheme
  ANZ UK Health Benefi ts Scheme
  ANZ Group (New Zealand) Staff Superannuation Scheme
  National Bank Staff Superannuation Fund
Expected rate of return on scheme assets
  ANZ Australian Staff Superannuation Scheme – Pension Section
  ANZ UK Staff Pension Scheme
  ANZ UK Health Benefi ts Scheme
  ANZ Group (New Zealand) Staff Superannuation Scheme
  National Bank Staff Superannuation Fund
Future salary increases
  ANZ UK Staff Pension Scheme
  National Bank Staff Superannuation Fund
Future pension increases
  ANZ Australian Staff Superannuation Scheme – Pension Section
  ANZ UK Staff Pension Scheme
  ANZ Group (New Zealand) Staff Superannuation Scheme
  National Bank Staff Superannuation Fund
Future medical cost trend – short term
  ANZ UK Health Benefi ts Scheme
Future medical cost trend – long term
  ANZ UK Health Benefi ts Scheme

Fair value of scheme 
assets

2007
%

2006
%

48
33
13
6

50
33
14
3

100

100

Fair value of scheme 
assets

2007
%

48
30
15
7

100

2007
%

6.25
5.90
6.00
6.50
6.50

8.50
7.00
n/a
4.50
5.50

5.15
3.00

3.00
3.35
2.50
2.50

10.00

5.50

2006
%

51
30
16
3

100

2006
%

5.50
5.00
5.10
6.00
6.00

7.50
6.50
n/a
4.50
5.50

4.75
3.00

3.00
2.95
2.50
2.50

7.30

4.50

To determine the expected returns of each of the asset classes held by the relevant scheme, the directors assessed historical return trends and 
market expectations for the asset classes. The overall expected rate of return on assets for each scheme is determined as the weighted average 
of the expected returns for the asset classes.

Assumed medical cost trend rates do not have a material effect on the amounts recognised as income or included in the balance sheet.

History of experience adjustments
Defi ned benefi t obligation
Fair value of scheme assets

Surplus/(defi cit) 
Experience adjustments on scheme liabilities
Experience adjustments on scheme assets

Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

The Company

2007
$m

2006
$m

(1,267)
1,199

(1,462)
1,238

(1,112)
1,037

(1,296)
1,067

(68)
9
6

(224)
7
48

(75)
10
12

(229)
5
44

Financial Report  147

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

47: Employee Share and Option Plans

ANZ operates a number of employee share 
and option schemes which operate under 
the ANZ Employee Share Acquisition Plan 
and the ANZ Share Option Plan.

ANZ EMPLOYEE SHARE ACQUISITION PLAN
ANZ Employee Share Acquisition Plan (ESAP) 
schemes that existed during the 2006 
and 2007 fi nancial years were the $1,000 
Share Plan, the Restricted Share Plan, the 
Deferred Share Plan, the Performance Share 
Plan and the Employee Share Save Scheme 
(ESSS). Note the ESSS is an employee 
salary sacrifi ce plan and is not captured as 
an expense in the share based payment 
expense model.

$1,000 share plan
Each permanent employee (excluding senior 
executives) who has had continuous service 
for one year is eligible to participate in the 
$1,000 scheme enabling the grant of up 
to $1,000 of ANZ shares in each fi nancial 
year, subject to ANZ’s performance and the 
approval of the Board. At a date approved 
by the Board, the shares will be granted 
to all eligible employees using the 1 week 
weighted average price of ANZ shares traded 
on the ASX in the week leading up to and 
including the date of grant.

In Australia and most overseas locations, 
shares are granted to eligible employees 
for nil consideration and vest immediately 
when granted, as there is no forfeiture 
provision. It is a requirement, however, 
that shares are held in trust for three years 
from the date of grant, after which time 
they may remain in trust, be transferred to 
the employee’s name or sold. In general, 
dividends received on the shares are 
automatically reinvested into the Dividend 
Reinvestment Plan.

Shares granted to eligible New Zealand 
employees under this plan vest subject 
to the satisfaction of a three year service 
period, after which time they may remain 
in trust, be transferred into the employee’s 
name or sold. At the time of transfer, 
employees are required to pay NZD 
1 cent per share. Shares may be forfeited 
in the event of dismissal for serious 
misconduct or resignation. Dividends are 
received as cash.

During the 2007 year, 901,374 shares 
with an issue price of $27.97 were granted 
under the plan to employees on 4 December 
2006. (2006 year: 1,012,008 shares with 
an issue price of $23.81 were granted on 
5 December 2005). A further 2,958 ANZ 
shares with an issue price of $29.37 where 
granted under the plan to ETRADE Australia 

148  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Limited employees on 22 June 2007 
(following the ANZ acquisition).

Deferred share plan
Selected employees may also be granted 
long-term incentive (LTI) deferred shares 
which vest to the employee up to three 
years from the date of grant. Ordinary 
shares granted under this LTI plan may be 
held in trust beyond the deferral period. 
Unvested LTI deferred shares are forfeited 
on resignation, dismissal for serious 
misconduct or termination on notice. In 
the event of death or total and permanent 
disablement, all shares will be released to 
the employee in full. 

Short-term incentive (STI) three year deferred 
shares were granted under a historical 
ANZ STI program, and may be held in trust 
beyond the deferral period. The last grant of 
three year STI deferred shares was made on 
11 May 2004 (with the vesting date being 
11 May 2007). There were no 3 year STI 
deferred share grants in the 2006 or 2007 
fi nancial years. STI deferred shares with a 
two year deferral period are still granted 
under a business unit specifi c incentive 
plan (primarily as a retention tool), and may 
be held in trust beyond the deferral period. 
Unvested STI deferred shares are only 
forfeited on resignation or dismissal 
for serious misconduct.

In exceptional circumstances, sign-on two 
or three year deferred shares are granted 
to certain employees upon commencement 
with ANZ to compensate for equity foregone 
from their previous employer. Retention 
three year deferred shares may also be 
granted occasionally to high performing 
employees who are regarded as a signifi cant 
retention risk to ANZ. Sign-on and 
retention deferred shares will be forfeited 
on resignation, dismissal for serious 
misconduct or termination on notice. In 
the event of death or total and permanent 
disablement, all shares will be released to 
the employee in full.

The employee receives all dividends on 
deferred shares while held in trust (cash or 
dividend reinvestment plan). The issue price 
for deferred shares is based on the volume 
weighted average price of the shares traded 
on the ASX in the week leading up to and 
including the date of grant.

During the 2007 year, 1,275,132 deferred 
shares with a weighted average grant price 
of $29.13 were granted under the deferred 
share plan (2006 year: 269,032 shares with 
a weighted average grant price of $23.68 
were granted).

Restricted share plan
Management level employees and eligible 
non-management employees may elect a 
pre-tax sacrifi ce of part or all of their annual 
cash bonus for ANZ shares. The shares are 
subject to a 12 month restriction period, 
however, they may be left in trust beyond 
the restriction period. The shares are 
subject to forfeiture on dismissal for serious 
misconduct. The shares are released to 
the employee on termination for any other 
reason. The employee receives all dividends 
on these restricted shares (cash or dividend 
reinvestment plan). The issue price is based 
on the volume weighted average price of 
the shares traded on the ASX on the week 
leading up to and including the date 
of grant.

During the 2007 year, 339,269 shares 
with an issue price of $29.04 were granted 
under the Restricted Share Plan (2006 
year: 401,575 shares with an issue price 
of $23.49 were granted).

Performance share plan
Performance shares are essentially LTI 
deferred shares with a performance hurdle. 
They were granted to i) a small number of US 
based employees on 7 November 2005 to 
accommodate local taxation laws, and ii) to 
J McFarlane on 31 December 2004 (as per 
his employment contract). 

Based on the conditions of grant, the 
proportion of performance shares that vest 
will depend upon the total shareholder 
return (TSR) achieved by ANZ relative to 
a comparator group of major fi nancial 
services companies. Performance equal to 
the median TSR of the comparator group 
will result in half the performance shares 
vesting. Vesting will increase on a straight-
line basis until all of the performance shares 
vest where ANZ TSR is at or above the 75th 
percentile of TSRs in the comparator group. 
Where ANZ’s performance falls between two 
of the comparators, TSR is measured on a 
pro-rata basis. 

J McFarlane (who ceased as CEO of ANZ on 
30 September 2007), was granted 175,000 
Performance Shares on 31 December 
2004, with no dividends payable on the 
shares until vesting. In accordance with 
the terms of the grant, the Performance 
Shares were restricted for two years from 
the date of grant, with vesting subject 
to the achievement of the performance 
hurdle. Performance against the hurdle 
was tested monthly (from 31 December 
2006) in accordance with the terms of the 
grant. The issue price was $15.02. ANZ 
agreed to acquire J MCFarlane’s interest 

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

47: Employee Share and Option Plans (continued)

in the 175,000 Performance Shares on 
his departure. Refer to page 23 of the 
Remuneration Report for further details.

Share valuations
The fair value of shares granted in the 
2007 year under the $1,000 share plan, 
the Deferred Share Plan and the Restricted 
Share Plan, measured as at the date of grant 
of the shares, is $72.7 million based on 
2,518,733 shares at a weighted average 
price of $28.88 (2006 year: fair value of 
shares granted is $40 million based on 
1,682,615 shares at a weighted average 
price of $23.66). The volume weighted 
average share price of all ANZ shares sold 
on the Australian Securities Exchange 
on the date of grant is used to calculate 
the fair value of shares. No dividends are 
incorporated into the measurement of the 
fair value of shares.

ANZ SHARE OPTION PLAN
Selected employees may be granted 
options/rights, which entitle them to 
purchase ordinary fully paid shares in ANZ 
at a price fi xed at the time the options/
rights are granted (with the exception of 
index-linked options). Voting and dividend 
rights will be attached to the unissued 
ordinary shares when the options/rights 
have been exercised. Each option/right 
entitles the holder to one ordinary share 
subject to the terms and conditions imposed 
on grant. The exercise price of the options, 
determined in accordance with the rules 
of the plan, is generally based on the 
weighted average price of the shares traded 
in the week leading up to and including the 
date of grant. For zero priced options and 
performance rights, the exercise price is 
nil. Index-linked options have a dynamic 
exercise price that is adjusted in line with 
the movement in the S&P/ASX 200 Banks 
(Industry Group) Accumulation Index 
(excluding ANZ).

ANZ Share Option Plan schemes expensed 
in the 2006 and 2007 years are as follows:

Current Option Plans

Performance rights plan
Performance rights are granted to certain 
employees as part of ANZ’s long-term 
incentive (LTI) program. The fi rst grant of 
performance rights was in November 2005, 
and provides the right to acquire ANZ shares 
at nil cost, subject to a three-year vesting 
period and a Total Shareholder Return (TSR) 

performance hurdle. The proportion of LTI 
performance rights that become exercisable 
will depend upon the TSR achieved by ANZ 
relative to a comparator group of major 
fi nancial services companies, measured 
over the same period (since grant) and 
calculated at the third anniversary of grant. 
Performance equal to the median TSR of 
the comparator group will result in half the 
performance rights becoming exercisable. 
Vesting will increase on a straight-line basis 
until all of the performance rights become 
exercisable where ANZ TSR is at or above the 
75th percentile of TSRs in the comparator 
group. Where ANZ’s performance falls 
between two of the comparators, TSR 
is measured on a pro-rata basis. The 
performance hurdle will only be tested once 
at the end of the three year vesting period. 
If the performance rights do not pass the 
hurdle on the testing date, or they are not 
exercised by the end of the exercise period 
(5 years from the date of grant), they will 
lapse. In the case of dismissal for serious 
misconduct, all unexercised performance 
rights will be forfeited. In the case of 
resignation or termination on notice, only 
performance rights that become exercisable 
(and pass the performance hurdle) by the 
end of the notice period may be exercised. 
In the case of death or total and permanent 
disablement, all performance rights are 
available for exercise (with the performance 
hurdle waived). 

Deferred share rights 
(No performance hurdles)
Deferred share rights are granted instead 
of deferred shares to accommodate off-
shore taxation implications. They provide 
the right to acquire ANZ shares at nil cost 
after a specifi ed vesting period. In the case 
of resignation, only rights that become 
exercisable by the end of the notice period 
may be exercised. All other rights will lapse. 
In the case of termination on notice, death 
or total and permanent disablement, all 
rights will be available for exercise. The fair 
value of rights is adjusted for the absence of 
dividends during the restriction period.

Legacy Option Plans
The following legacy plans are no longer 
being offered to Group employees, but were 
expensed during the 2006 and 2007 years.

Performance option plan 
(No performance hurdle applies)
Performance options were granted to certain 
employees (below executive levels) as part 
of a historical LTI program. Performance 
options are no longer part of ANZ’s current 
equity strategy, with 7 November 2005 
being the last grant of performance options. 
The options can only be exercised after a 
three-year vesting period and before the 
seventh anniversary of the grant date. There 
are no performance conditions attached 
to these options as they were primarily 
granted as a retention tool. All unexercised 
options are forfeited on dismissal for serious 
misconduct, resignation and termination 
on notice. On death or total and permanent 
disablement, all unvested options will 
become available for exercise. 

Zero-priced options (ZPOs)
A ZPO is a right to acquire an ANZ share 
at nil cost. ZPOs were granted to Sir John 
Anderson (former CEO of ANZ National 
Bank Limited NZ) as part of his employment 
contract, with the last grant occuring on 
7th November 2005. The ZPOs had no time 
based vesting criteria, so were able to 
be exercised at any time during his 
employment and within six months of 
termination of his employment. 

Deferred share rights 
(No performance hurdle)
Special deferred share rights were granted to 
a small number of New Zealand employees 
in December 2004. They provide the right 
to acquire ANZ shares at nil cost after a 
three year vesting period. Rights must be 
exercised by the seventh anniversary of 
the grant date. They may be forfeited at 
the Company’s discretion if the employee 
ceases employment for any reason. The fair 
value of rights is adjusted for the absence 
of dividends during the restriction period.

Hurdled options
Hurdled options were granted to certain 
employees as part of a historical LTI 
program. The options can only be exercised 
subject to the satisfaction of time and 
performance based hurdles. Options may 
be exercised during the four year period 
commencing three years, and ending seven 
years after the grant date, subject to meeting 
the relevant performance hurdle. The 
performance hurdle will be measured during 
the exercise period by comparing ANZ’s Total 
Shareholder Return (ANZ’s TSR) against the 
comparator group relevant to the hurdled 
option grant. 

Financial Report  149

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

47: Employee Share and Option Plans (continued)

CEO options
Options were granted to J McFarlane (who 
ceased as CEO of ANZ on 30 September 
2007) as per his employment contract 
and were approved by shareholders at the 
December 1999 and December 2001 Annual 
General Meetings.

Of the options granted to J McFarlane, only 
the 31 December 2002, 2003 and 2004 
grants were expensed during the 2006 and 
2007 fi nancial years. These option grants 
may be exercised subject to the following: 
one half of the options may be exercised 
only if the ANZ TSR calculated over the 
period commencing on the date of grant 
and ending on the last day of any month 
after the second anniversary of the date of 
grant, exceeds the percentage change in 
the S&P/ASX 200 Banks (Industry Group) 
Accumulation Index over that same period; 
and the other half of the options may be 
exercised only if the ANZ TSR calculated over 
the relevant period exceeds the percentage 
change in the S&P/ASX 100 Accumulation 
Index over that same period. J McFarlane 
has exercised all his vested options. Refer 
to the Remuneration Report on page 23 for 
further details.

Hurdled options granted in November 
2004 will be tested against a comparator 
group consisting of major fi nancial services 
companies, excluding ANZ. The options 
become exercisable depending on ANZ’s 
ranking within the comparator group. ANZ 
must rank at the 50th percentile for 50% 
of the options to become exercisable. For 
each 1% increase above the 50th percentile 
an additional 2% of options will become 
exercisable, with 100% being exercisable 
where ANZ ranks at or above the 75th 
percentile. This will be calculated as at the 
last trading day of any month (once the 
exercise period has commenced). 
Other hurdled option grants will be 
measured against the S&P/ASX 200 Banks 
Accumulation Index, and the S&P/ASX 100 
Accumulation Index. Half the options may 
only be exercised once ANZ’s TSR exceeds 
the percentage change in the S&P/ASX 200 
Banks (Industry Group) Accumulation Index, 
measured over the same period (since grant) 
and calculated as at the last trading day of 
any month (once the exercise period has 
commenced); and the other half of hurdled 
options may only be exercised once the 
ANZ TSR exceeds the percentage change 
in the S&P/ASX 100 Accumulation Index, 
measured over the same period (since grant) 
and calculated as at the last trading day of 
any month (once the exercise period has 
commenced). The forfeiture provisions are 
the same as the performance option plan.

Index linked options
Index linked options have a dynamic 
exercise price that acts as a built-in 
performance hurdle, i.e. the exercise price 
is adjusted in line with the movement in 
the S&P/ASX 200 Banks (Industry Group) 
Accumulation Index (excluding ANZ) since 
the grant date. As an additional constraint, 
the adjusted exercise price can only be set 
at or above the original exercise price. Index 
linked options are exercisable between the 
3rd and 7th year after grant date, subject 
to the adjusted exercise price being above 
the prevailing share price. Unexercised 
options are forfeited on dismissal for serious 
misconduct, resignation and termination 
on notice. On death or total and permanent 
disablement, entitlements to options will be 
pro-rated over the three-year vesting period. 

150  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

47: Employee Share and Option Plans (continued)

Option Movements
Details of options over unissued ANZ shares and their related weighted average exercise prices as at the beginning and end of the 2007 
fi nancial year and movements during the 2007 fi nancial year are set out below:

Weighted Average Exercise Price

Opening Balance 
1 October 2006

Options Granted

Options Forfeited1

29,400,706

1,431,170

$17.18

-

1,122,241

$16.55

Options 
Expired

155,670

$17.32

Options Exercised

Closing Balance 
30 September 2007

7,860,610

$16.77

21,693,355

$16.23

The weighted average share price during the year ended 30 September 2007 was $28.99 (2006: $25.25).

The weighted average remaining contractual life of share options outstanding at 30 September 2007 was 3.0 years (2006: 3.7 years).

The weighted average exercise price of all exercisable share options outstanding at 30 September 2007 was $16.79 (2006: $15.49).

A total of 8,876,289 exercisable share options were outstanding at 30 September 2007 (2006: 7,357,614).

Details of options over unissued ANZ shares and their related weighted average exercise prices as at the beginning and end of the 2006 
fi nancial year and movements during the 2006 fi nancial year are set out below:

Opening Balance 
1 October 2005

Options Granted

Options Forfeited1

Options 
Expired1

Options Exercised

Closing Balance 
30 September 2006

TOTALS

Weighted Average Exercise Price

33,447,778

4,551,276

$17.35

$15.00

1,943,530

$17.39

-

-

6,654,818

$16.45

29,400,706

$17.18

1   Numbers in the “Options Forfeited” column includes any options which may have expired due to a termination of employment whereby the employee was offered a grace period in which to 

exercise. The number of options to expire under these circumstances is immaterial. 

Financial Report  151

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

47: Employee Share and Option Plans (continued)

The following options over ordinary shares have been granted since the end of the 2007 fi nancial year up to the signing of the Directors’ Report 
on 7 November 2007.

Performance rights

Total

Grant date

Exercise price

Earliest exercise date

Expiry date

Options granted

30/10/2007

$0.00

30/10/2010

30/10/2012

940,886

Details of shares issued as a result of the exercise of options during the year ended 30 September 2007 are as follows: 

Exercise price 
$

No. of shares issued

Proceeds received
$

Exercise price
$

No. of shares issued

Proceeds received
$ 

$0.00
$9.39
$11.09
$12.03
$13.62
$13.91
$13.91
$14.20
$12.98
$12.98
$12.98
$14.61
$15.77
$16.09
$16.33
$16.33

22,549
20,000
57,000
10,000
126,804
213,175
148,000
648,432
85,200
344,573
6,200
49,550
76,000
16,000
91,700
480,655

–
187,800
632,130
120,300
1,727,070
2,965,264
2,058,680
9,207,734
1,105,896
4,472,558
80,476
723,926
1,198,520
257,440
1,497,461
7,849,096

16.33
18.03
18.03
18.03
18.55
17.34
16.69
17.60
17.55
17.55
18.22
18.22
20.68
20.68
20.49
23.49

50,000
522,283
172,600
175,000
34,575
422,365
500,000
552,245
968,518
620,868
646,321
387,732
102,828
49,319
250,000
10,118

816,500
9,416,762
3,111,978
3,155,250
641,366
7,323,809
8,345,000
9,719,512
16,997,491
10,896,233
11,775,969
7,064,477
2,126,483
1,019,917
5,122,500
237,672

Details of shares issued as a result of the exercise of options during the year ended 30 September 2006 are as follows: 

Exercise price 
$

No. of shares issued

Proceeds received
$

Exercise price
$

No. of shares issued

Proceeds received
$ 

0.00
9.39
11.09
12.03
12.98
12.98
12.98
13.62
13.91
13.91
14.20
14.61
16.09
16.33
16.33
16.69

9,961
102,000
28,500
12,500
49,500
286,725
5,150
101,000
185,825
108,500
568,869
59,950
5,000
140,000
485,949
500,000

–
957,780
316,065
150,375
642,510
3,721,691
66,847
1,375,620
2,584,826
1,509,235
8,077,940
875,870
80,450
2,286,200
7,935,547
8,345,000

16.80
17.34
17.48
17.55
17.55
17.60
18.03
18.03
18.03
18.12
18.22
18.22
18.55
18.55
20.68
20.68

500,000
741,736
1,000,000
54,972
35,385
395,687
650,837
193,200
140,000
8,611
40,875
20,884
110,000
63,185
22,131
27,886

8,400,000
12,861,702
17,480,000
964,759
621,007
6,964,091
11,734,591
3,483,396
2,524,200
156,031
744,743
380,506
2,040,500
1,172,082
457,669
576,682

Details of shares issued as a result of the exercise of options since the end of the 2007 fi nancial year up to the signing of the Directors’ Report 
on 7 November 2007 are as follows:

Exercise price
$

No. of shares issued

Proceeds received
$

Exercise price
$

No. of shares issued

Proceeds received
$ 

13.62
13.91
13.91
14.20
12.98
12.98
14.61
16.33
18.03

18,000
24,000
20,250
70,960
37,813
1,150
6,500
35,850
37,100

245,160
333,840
281,678
1,007,632
490,813
14,927
94,965
585,431
668,913

18.55
17.34
17.60
17.55
18.22
18.22
20.68
20.68
23.49

3,000
31,270
32,468
47,910
16,866
70,012
4,934
43,748
8,926

55,650
542,222
571,437
840,821
307,299
1,275,619
102,035
904,709
209,672

152  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

47: Employee Share and Option Plans (continued)

A range of outcomes is possible given the uncertainty and assumptions in relation to option valuation. In determining the fair value below, 
we used standard market techniques for valuation including Monte Carlo and/or Black Scholes pricing models. The models take into account 
early exercise, non-transferability and market based performance hurdles.

The signifi cant assumptions used to measure the fair value of instruments granted during the 2007 fi nancial year are contained in the table 
below. 

Option Type

Deferred Share Rights 

Deferred Share Rights 

Deferred Share Rights 

Deferred Share Rights 

Performance Rights 

Grant Date
Number of Options
Option Fair Value (A$)
Exercise Price (5 day VWAP)
Share price at date of grant
ANZ expected Volatility1
Option Term
Vesting period
Expected life
Expected Dividend Yield
Risk Free Interest Rate

11-July-07
44,431
$25.94
$0.00
$29.60
15%
5 years
3 years
3 years
4.50%
6.37%

1-Nov-06
4,060
$27.54
$0.00
$29.54
15%
5 years
1.5 year
1.5 year
4.80%
6.11%

1-Nov-06
29,905
$25.66
$0.00
$29.54
15%
5 years
3 years
3 years
4.80%
6.02%

1-Nov-06
129,856
$26.89
$0.00
$29.54
15%
5 years
2 years
2 years
4.80%
6.11%

24-Oct-06
1,223,018
$13.08
$0.00
$28.15
15%
5 years
3 years
4 years
4.80%
6.00%

1  Expected volatility represents a measure of the amount by which ANZ’s share price is expected to fluctuate over the life of the options. The measure of volatility used in the model is the 

annualised standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the historical share price over a defined period of time preceding the date of grant. This historical average 
annualised volatility is then used to estimate a reasonable expected volatility over the expected life of the options.

The signifi cant assumptions used to measure the fair value of instruments granted during the 2006 fi nancial year are contained in the table 
below.

Option Type

Performance Options

Deferred Share Rights 

Performance Rights 

Zero-priced options

Grant Date
Number of Options
Option Fair Value (A$)
Exercise Price (5 day VWAP)
Share price at date of grant
ANZ expected Volatility3
Option Term
Vesting period
Expected life
Expected Dividend Yield
Risk Free Interest Rate

7-Nov-05
2,905,812
$3.05
$23.49
$23.60
17%
7 years
3 years
n/a1
5.41%
5.30%

7-Nov-05
10,845
$22.48
$0.00
$23.60
15%
7 years
1 year
1 year
5.00%
5.54%

18-Nov-05
1,624,6582
$11.64
$0.00
$24.05
15%
5 years
3 years
4 years
5.00%
5.31%

7-Nov-05
9,961
$23.57
$0.00
$23.60
n/a
1 year
Immediate
n/a
n/a
n/a

1  To allow maturity/marketability a 10% pa turnover rate (post vesting has been assumed, as well as that option holders will exercise their options if the share price is greater than twice the 

exercise price.

2  This number includes an additional 59,400 rights allocated in May 2006, with the same terms and conditions as the 18 November 2005 grant.
3  Expected volatility represents a measure of the amount by which ANZ’s share price is expected to fluctuate over the life of the options. The measure of volatility used in the model is the 

annualised standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the historical share price over a defined period of time preceding the date of grant. This historical average 
annualised volatility is then used to estimate a reasonable expected volatility over the expected life of the options.

Financial Report  153

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

48: Key Management Personnel Disclosures

KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL LOAN TRANSACTIONS
Details regarding loans outstanding at the reporting date to directors of the Company and other key management personnel of the Group 
including their personally related parties, where the individuals aggregate loan balance exceeded $100,000 at any time in the reporting period, 
are as follows:

Directors

Non-executive Directors
2007
J P Morschel
D M Gonski1

2006
J P Morschel
D M Gonski1

Executive Director
2007
J McFarlane2,3

2006
J McFarlane2,3

Other key management personnel

2007
R J Edgar
B C Hartzer4
G K Hodges
P R Marriott
S Targett

2006
R J Edgar
E Funke Kupper4,5
B C Hartzer4
G K Hodges
P R Marriott
S Targett

Opening balance
1 October

Closing balance
30 September

Interest paid and
payable in the 
reporting period

Highest balance 
in the reporting
period

$

$

$

$

705,489
18,342,000

452,374
–

60,641
105,497

707,342
18,342,000

716,880
18,342,000

705,489
18,342,000

51,567
1,088,498

716,880
18,342,000

201,686

–

243,616

6,017,051

6,264,681

201,686

335,603

25,624,811

1,453,114
3,486,967
2,986,598
2,614,674
600,000

918,284
680,000
2,703,626
1,019,242
–
–

560,291
7,093,816
3,672,905
2,824,293
575,000

1,453,114
n/a
3,486,967
2,986,598
2,614,674
600,000

122,109
564,663
251,450
209,619
41,431

85,329
624
209,367
133,617
160,485
52,278

2,954,530
11,047,613
3,893,704
2,824,293
619,902

1,458,129
680,000
3,868,314
3,616,438
2,614,674
600,000

1   D Gonski resigned effective 30 June 2007.
2   J McFarlane resigned effective 30 September 2007.
3   The loan balances largely relate to loans for the purchase of ANZ shares, including the exercise of options.
4   Interest payments on the loan balances outstanding during the year were reduced as a result of a linked offset account.
5   E Funke Kupper resigned effective 1 February 2006.

Details regarding the aggregate of loans made, guaranteed or secured by any entity in the Group to each group of directors and other key 
management personnel including related parties are as follows:

Directors 
2007
2006

Other key management personnel
2007
2006

Opening balance
1 October

Closing balance
30 September

Interest paid and
payable in the 
reporting period

Number in group at
30 September1

$

$

$

19,249,175
25,323,561

452,374
19,249,175

409,754
1,475,668

11,141,353
5,321,152

14,726,305
11,141,353

1,189,272
641,700

1
3

5
5

1   Number in the Group includes directors and specified executive with loan balances greater than zero.

154  ANZ Annual Report 2007

NOTES TO THE FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

49: Transactions with Other Related Parties

Joint Venture Entities
During the course of the fi nancial year the Company and the Group conducted transactions with joint venture entities on normal commercial 
terms and conditions as shown below:

Amounts receivable from joint venture entities
Interest revenue
Dividend revenue
Commissions received from joint venture entities
Costs recovered from joint venture entities

Consolidated

2007
$000

2006
$000

The Company

2007
$000

2006
$000

230,943
18,922
95,500
196,454
9,158

398,714
18,093
45,570
162,172
11,033

218,688
15,253
–
176,848
8,553

301,999
13,607
–
142,072
9,022

There have been no guarantees given or received. No outstanding amounts have been written down or recorded as allowances, as they are 
considered fully collectible.

Associates
During the course of the fi nancial year the Company and Group conducted transactions with associates on normal terms and conditions as 
shown below:

Amounts receivable from associates
Interest revenue
Dividend revenue

Consolidated

The Company

2007
$000

98,072
9,969
8,609

2006
$000

78,417
9,070
5,487

2007
$000

50,304
5,634
3,356

2006
$000

37,761
5,973
5,487

There have been no guarantees given or received. No outstanding amounts have been written down or recorded as allowances, as they are 
considered fully collectible.

Subsidiaries
During the course of the fi nancial year subsidiaries conducted transactions with each other and joint ventures and associates on normal terms 
and conditions. They are fully eliminated on consolidation. No outstanding amounts have been written down or recorded as allowances, as they 
are considered fully collectible.

50: Exchange Rates

The exchange rates used in the translation of the results and the assets and liabilities of major overseas branches and controlled entities are:

Euro
Great British pound
New Zealand dollar
United States dollar

51: Events Since the End of the Financial Year

There were no signifi cant events from 30 September 2007 to the date of this report.

2007

2006

Closing

Average

Closing

Average

0.6223
0.4355
1.1643
0.8816

0.6072
0.4103
1.1330
0.8084

0.5882
0.3982
1.1455
0.7476

0.6071
0.4150
1.1433
0.7468

Financial Report  155

 
DIRECTORS’ DECLAR ATION

The directors of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited declare that:

a) in the directors’ opinion, the fi nancial statements and notes of the Company and the consolidated entity have been prepared in accordance 

with the Corporations Act 2001, including that they:
i)  comply with applicable Australian Accounting Standards, (including the Australian Accounting Interpretations) and the Corporations 
  Regulations 2001; and
ii)  give a true and fair view of the fi nancial position of the Company and of the consolidated entity as at 30 September 2007 and of their
  performance as represented by the results of their operations and their cash fl ows, for the year ended on that date; and

iii) the Annual Report of the consolidated entity complies with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed in note 1.

b) in the directors’ opinion, the remuneration disclosures that are contained on pages 14 to 35 of the Remuneration Report comply with 
Australian Accounting Standard AASB 124 “Related Party Disclosures” when read in conjunction with the Corporations Act 2001; and

c)  the directors have received the declarations required by section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001; and

d) in the directors’ opinion, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become 

due and payable; and

e)  the Company and certain of its wholly owned controlled entities (listed in note 45) have executed a Deed of Cross Guarantee enabling them 

to take advantage of the accounting and audit relief offered by class order 98/1418 (as amended), issued by the Australian Securities 
and Investments Commission. The nature of the Deed of Cross Guarantee is to guarantee to each creditor payment in full of any debt in 
accordance with the terms of the Deed of Cross Guarantee. At the date of this declaration, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the 
Company and its controlled entities which executed the Deed of Cross Guarantee are able, as an economic entity, to meet any obligations 
or liabilities to which they are, or may become, subject by virtue of the Deed of Cross Guarantee.

Signed in accordance with a resolution of the directors.

Charles Goode
Chairman

7 November 2007

Michael R P Smith 
Director

156  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF 
AUSTR ALIA AND NEW ZEALA ND BANKING GROUP LIMITED

We have audited the accompanying fi nancial report of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (the Company), which comprises the 
balance sheets as at 30 September 2007, and the income statements, statements of recognised income and expense and cash fl ow statements 
for the year ended on that date, a summary of signifi cant accounting policies and other explanatory notes 1 to 51 and the directors’ declaration 
of the Group comprising the Company and the entities it controlled at the year’s end or from time to time during the fi nancial year.

We have also audited the remuneration report contained in pages 14 to 35 of the directors’ report. As permitted by the Corporations 
Regulations 2001, the company has disclosed information about the remuneration of directors and, including those required by Australian 
Accounting Standard AASB 124 Related Party Disclosures, under the heading “remuneration report” in pages 14 to 35 of the directors’ report 
and not in the fi nancial report.

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE FINANCIAL REPORT AND THE AASB 124 DISCLOSURES CONTAINED IN THE DIRECTORS’ REPORT
The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the fi nancial report in accordance with Australian 
Accounting Standards (including the Australian Accounting Interpretations) and the Corporations Act 2001. This responsibility includes 
establishing and maintaining internal controls relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the fi nancial report that is free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, selecting and applying appropriate accounting policies, and making accounting estimates that are 
reasonable in the circumstances. In note 1, the directors also state, in accordance with Australian Accounting Standard AASB 101 Presentation 
of Financial Statements, that the fi nancial report of the Group, comprising the fi nancial statements and notes, complies with International 
Financial Reporting Standards but that the fi nancial report of the Company does not comply.

The directors of the company are also responsible for the remuneration report contained in the directors’ report.

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITY
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the fi nancial report based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian 
Auditing Standards. These Auditing Standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements relating to audit engagements and 
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the fi nancial report is free from material misstatement. Our responsibility 
is also to express an opinion on the remuneration report contained in the directors’ report based on our audit.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the fi nancial report and the 
remuneration disclosures contained in the directors’ report. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgement, including the 
assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the fi nancial report and the remuneration report contained in the directors’ report, whether 
due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal controls relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair 
presentation of the fi nancial report and the remuneration report contained in the directors’ report in order to design audit procedures that are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal controls. An 
audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by the 
directors, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the fi nancial report and the remuneration report contained in the directors’ report. 

We performed the procedures to assess whether in all material respects the fi nancial report presents fairly, in accordance with the Corporations 
Act 2001 and Australian Accounting Standards (including the Australian Accounting Interpretations), a view which is consistent with our 
understanding of the Company’s and the Group’s fi nancial position and of their performance and whether the remuneration report is in 
accordance with Australian Accounting Standard AASB 124.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is suffi cient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

AUDITOR’S OPINION ON THE FINANCIAL REPORT
In our opinion:

(a) the fi nancial report of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited is in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including: 
(i)  giving a true and fair view of the Company’s and the Group’s fi nancial position as at 30 September 2007 and of their performance 

for the year ended on that date; and 

(ii) complying with Australian Accounting Standards (including the Australian Accounting Interpretations) and the Corporations 

Regulations 2001.

(b) the fi nancial report of the Group also complies with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed in note 1 but the fi nancial 

  report of the Company does not comply.

AUDITOR’S OPINION ON THE REMUNERATION REPORT CONTAINED IN THE DIRECTORS’ REPORT
In our opinion the remuneration report on pages 14 to 35 of the directors’ report complies with Australian Accounting Standard AASB 124 
Related Party Disclosures.

KPMG

Melbourne, Australia
7 November 2007

Michelle Hinchliffe
Partner

Financial Report  157

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

1: Cross Border Outstandings

Cross border outstandings of the Group to countries which individually represented in excess of 0.75% of the Group’s total assets are shown 
below.

There were no cross border outstandings to any other country exceeding 0.75% of total assets.

Cross border foreign outstandings are based on the country of domicile of the borrower or guarantor of the ultimate risk and comprise loans 
(including accrued interest), placements with banks, acceptances and other monetary assets denominated in currencies other than the 
borrower’s local currency.

For certain countries, local currency obligations are also included. Cross border foreign outstandings are before individual and collective 
provisions.

At 30 September 2007
USA
United Kingdom
China 

At 30 September 2006
United Kingdom
China
USA

Governments
and other
offi cial 
institutions
$m

Banks
and other
fi nancial
institutions
$m

Other
commercial
and industrial
$m

1
–
49

19
4
14

3,498
1,942
3,119

2,231
3,166
2,753

1,679
2,392
456

2,685
372
459

Total
$m

5,178
4,334
3,624

4,935
3,542
3,226

2: Certifi cates of Deposit and Term Deposit Maturities

The following table shows the maturity profi le of the Group’s certifi cates of deposit and term deposits in excess of $100,000 issued at 
30 September 2007.

% of 
Group’s
assets

1.3
1.1
0.9

1.5
1.1
1.0

Total
$m

23,807
27,172

50,979

3,819
18,974

22,793

4,234
11,521

15,755

Less than
3 months
$m

11,450
22,740

34,190

3,213
10,615

13,828

3,266
10,018

13,284

Between
3 months and
6 months
$m

Between
6 months and
12 months
$m

4,252
2,551

6,803

481
3,539

4,020

14
944

958

1,886
1,768

3,654

104
3,374

3,478

937
494

1,431

8,563

After
1 year
$m

6,219
113

6,332

21
1,446

1,467

17
65

82

61,302

11,781

7,881

89,527

Australia
Certifi cates of deposit
Term deposits

New Zealand
Certifi cates of deposit
Term deposits

Overseas Markets
Certifi cates of deposit
Term deposits

Total

158  ANZ Annual Report 2007

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

3: Volume and Rate Analysis

The following table allocates changes in interest income and interest expense between changes in volume and changes in rate for the past two 
years. Volume and rate variances have been calculated on the movement in average balances and the change in the interest rates on average 
interest earning assets and average interest bearing liabilities. The variance caused by the change of both volume and rate has been allocated 
in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of each change to the total.

Interest earning assets
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Investments in trading securities and AFS assets
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Customers’ liability for acceptances
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Loans and advances
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Other interest earning assets
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Intragroup assets
Australia
Overseas Markets

Change in interest income

Intragroup elimination

Interest bearing liabilities
Time deposits
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Savings deposits
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Other demand deposits
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Due to other fi nancial institutions
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Commercial paper
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Borrowing Corporation debt
Australia
New Zealand
Liability for acceptances
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Loan capital, bonds and notes
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Other interest bearing liabilities
Australia
New Zealand
Overseas Markets
Intragroup liabilities
Australia
New Zealand

Change in interest expense

Intragroup elimination

Change in net interest income

Volume
$m

31
(44)
47

137
19
53

5
–
4

1,372
729
61

74
49
(37)

–
(409)

2,091

409

2,500

368
160
70

49
(17)
(1)

436
212
4

156
(7)
40

(54)
19
(333)

(21)
(10)

4
–
4

657
203
11

7
(11)
(7)

–
38

2007 over 2006
Change due to

Rate
$m

Other
$m

11
9
27

74
11
28

91
–
3

902
154
29

(36)
72
34

–
78

1,487

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

232
–

232

(78)

(232)

1,409

258
114
65

68
(25)
(5)

279
85
3

31
5
11

53
36
49

43
7

95
–
3

317
52
1

44
13
9

–
32

–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

(169)
–

(169)

169

–

–

1,977

1,643

(38)

1,939

561

(32)

1,611

(202)

Total
$m

42
(35)
74

211
30
81

96
–
7

2,274
883
90

38
121
(3)

232
(331)

3,810

99

3,909

626
274
135

117
(42)
(6)

715
297
7

187
(2)
51

(1)
55
(284)

22
(3)

99
–
7

974
255
12

51
2
2

(169)
70

3,451

99

3,550

359

2006 over 2005
Change due to

Volume
$m

Rate
$m

Other
$m

31
–
58

302
15
(4)

–
–
–

1,243
350
25

108
91
51

–
80

2,350

(80)

2,270

196
52
104

37
(15)
1

220
27
4

145
15
55

174
(101)
35

(12)
(6)

–
–
–

405
341
–

48
33
35

(3)
32

1,822

(29)

1,793

528

(2)
20
42

55
34
38

–
–
–

564
232
185

99
30
21

–
149

1,467

(149)

1,318

123
128
159

30
29
6

99
63
5

(8)
(1)
85

20
50
127

16
11

–
–
–

134
27
3

(195)
(40)
(16)

186
14

1,055

(200)

855

412

–
–
–

–
–
–

958
–
11

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–

969

–

969

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–

799
–
10

–
–
–

–
–
–

–
–

809

–

809

160

Total
$m

29
20
100

357
49
34

958
–
11

1,807
582
210

207
121
72

–
229

4,786

(229)

4,557

319
180
263

67
14
7

319
90
9

137
14
140

194
(51)
162

4
5

799
–
10

539
368
3

(147)
(7)
19

183
46

3,686

(229)

3,457

1,100

Financial Report  159

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

4: Concentrations of Credit Risk

Concentrations of credit risk exist if a number of counterparties are engaged in similar activities and have similar economic characteristics that 
would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions. Off balance sheet 
transactions of the Group are substantially with other banks.

Australia
Agriculture, forestry, fi shing and mining
Business service
Construction
Entertainment, leisure and tourism
Financial, investment and insurance
Government and offi cial institutions
Lease fi nance
Manufacturing
Personal2
Real estate – commercial3
Real estate – mortgage4
Retail and wholesale trade
Other

Overseas
Agriculture, forestry, fi shing and mining
Business service
Construction
Entertainment, leisure and tourism
Financial, investment and insurance
Government and offi cial institutions
Lease fi nance
Manufacturing
Personal2
Real estate – commercial3
Real estate – mortgage4
Retail and wholesale trade
Other

2007

Individual5
provision
for credit
impairment
$m

Loans and1
advances
$m 

2006

Individual5
provision
for credit
impairment
$m

Loans and1
advances
$m

7,618
5,488
4,215
4,357
8,148
67
1,813
7,259
18,377
13,718
112,279
11,293
10,216

204,848

13,280
1,450
723
1,330
2,682
866
401
6,105
3,167
6,805
41,431
3,796
5,964

88,000

12
7
3
6
3
–
9
54
41
3
27
21
18

7,079
4,882
3,757
 4,408
4,795
52
2,378
7,050
15,579
10,229
100,362
10,106
9,923

15
13
4
5
2
–
12
59
28
2
19
31
23

204

180,600

213

6
1
1
2
10
–
1
9
14
1
–
2
9

56

11,898
836
627
 1,437
3,109
893
600
4,553
3,692
6,573
36,647
2,677
5,589

79,131

3
–
–
–
8
–
–
26
21
–
2
–
6

66

Total portfolio

292,848

260

259,731

279

1  Loans and advances exclude acceptances.
2  Personal includes consumer lending except for lease finance facilities and those facilities secured by a mortgage.
3  Real estate commercial includes all business lending relating to commercial property.
4  Real estate mortgage includes all consumer lending secured by a mortgage.
5   Individual provision for credit impairment above relates to on balance sheet exposures. Individual provisions in respect of off balance sheet facilities were $42 million in 2007 and 

$7 million in 2006.

160  ANZ Annual Report 2007

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

5: Provisions for Credit Impairment – Industry Analysis

i) Total write-offs by industry
Australia
Agriculture, forestry, fi shing and mining
Business service
Construction
Entertainment, leisure and tourism
Financial, investment and insurance
Lease fi nance
Manufacturing
Personal1
Real estate – commercial2
Real estate – mortgage3
Retail and wholesale trade
Other
New Zealand
Overseas

Total write-offs

ii) Total recoveries by industry 
Australia
Agriculture, forestry, fi shing and mining
Business service
Construction
Entertainment, leisure and tourism
Lease fi nance
Manufacturing
Personal1
Real estate – commercial2
Retail and wholesale trade
Other
New Zealand
Overseas

Total recoveries

Net write-offs

Ratio of net write-offs to average loans and acceptances

1  Personal includes all consumer lending except for lease finance facilities and those facilities secured by a mortgage.
2  Real estate – commercial includes all business lending relating to commercial property.
3  Real estate – mortgage includes all consumer lending secured by a mortgage.

2007
$m

2006
$m

(51)
(17)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(11)
(337)
(1)
(11)
(22)
(13)
(75)
(31)

(584)

1
1
1
3
1
1
65
–
53
3
17
5

(1)
(10)
(5)
(3)
–
(1)
(11)
(264)
(1)
(5)
(10)
(20)
(68)
(22)

(421)

3
–
–
–
–
6
53
1
12
16
19
17

151

(433)

0.1%

127

(294)

0.1%

Financial Report  161

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

6: Short Term Borrowings

The Group’s short-term borrowings comprise commercial paper, as well as unsecured notes issued by subsidiary borrowing corporations with 
an original term to maturity of less than one year. The Group has commercial paper programs in the United States, Europe and Asia where it 
issues paper directly to investors. Prior to 27 November 2006, the Group issued commercial paper in the United States through ANZ 
(Delaware) Inc.

Balance at end of year
Commercial paper – ANZ (Delaware) Inc.
Commercial paper – other
Weighted average interest rate at end of year
Commercial paper – ANZ (Delaware) Inc.
Commercial paper – other
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end during year
Commercial paper – ANZ (Delaware) Inc.
Commercial paper – other
Average amount outstanding during year
Commercial paper – ANZ (Delaware) Inc.
Commercial paper – other
Weighted average interest rate during year
Commercial paper – ANZ (Delaware) Inc.
Commercial paper – other

7: Capital Management

2007
$m

2006
$m

–
16,914

6,630
14,120

–
6.93%

4,711
19,431

926
16,547

5.30%
7.01%

5.35%
6.16%

7,528
19,018

7,373
17,173

4.51%
6.43%

APRA adopts a risk-based capital assessment framework for Australian banks based on internationally accepted capital measurement 
standards. This risk-based approach requires eligible capital to be divided by total risk weighted assets, with the resultant ratio being used as a 
measure of a bank’s capital adequacy.

Capital is divided into Tier 1, carrying the highest capital elements, and Tier 2, which has lower capital elements but still adds to the overall 
strength of the entity. Tier 1 is divided into ‘Fundamental’ and ‘Residual’ capital, and Tier 1 deductions. ‘Residual’ capital covers hybrid Tier 1 
instruments with limits restricting the volume that can be counted as Tier 1 capital. Tier 2 capital is divided into Upper and Lower Tier 2 capital; 
with Lower Tier 2 capital being dated subordinated debt. Limits apply to the volume of Tier 2 and Lower Tier 2 that can be counted as capital for 
prudential purposes. Further, in calculating the total capital, deductions are taken for any strategic holdings of other banks’ capital instruments 
and investments in entities engaged in life insurance, funds management and securitisation activities. APRA introduced new prudential capital 
standards as at 1st July 2006 which contain various transitional rules which run through to different dates in 2008 and 2010 to coincide with 
Basel II implementation.

The measurement of risk weighted assets is based on: a) a credit risk-based approach wherein risk weightings are applied to balance sheet 
assets and to credit converted off-balance sheet exposures. Categories of risk weights are assigned based upon the nature of the counterparty 
and the relative liquidity of the assets concerned; and b) the recognition of risk weighted assets attributable to market risk arising from trading 
and commodity positions. Trading and commodity balance sheet positions do not attract a risk weighting under the credit risk-based approach.

APRA has recently released a number of draft proposed changes to the prudential standards which will become effective from 1 January 2008. 
These drafts include the following changes which will impact the capitol ratios:

  Basel II methodologies for calculating Risk Weighted Assets and Expected Losses. 
  Loss of Collective Provision for credit impairment from Upper Tier 2. This amount will be replaced with either an amount in Upper Tier 
2 of Eligible Provisions in excess of Expected Losses or 50% Tier 1 and 50% Tier 2 deductions of Expected Losses in excess of Eligible 
Provisions, net of tax.
  Total Capital deductions split between Tier 1 50% and Tier 2 50%.
  Loss of AIFRS transitional relief of $716 million from Tier 1 Capital and $17 million from Tier 2 Capital.
  Hybrid Limits become 25% of net Tier 1 capital, split between Innovative (15%) and Non-innovative (10%). ANZ has applied for transitional 
relief to January 2010 as to the Innovative limit.
  Additional capital requirements for the Holding Company’s investments in non-banking subsidiaries.
ANZ has modelled the impact of these changes and does not expect a signifi cant change in the level of regulatory capital requirements. 
The ultimate impact of these changes is subject to the fi nal form of the prudential standards, ANZ receiving Basel II accreditation and any 
associated transitional arrangements. 

162  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

7: Capital Management (continued)

Qualifying Capital
Tier 1
Shareholders’ equity and outside equity interests
Prudential adjustments to shareholders’ equity (refer Table 1)

Fundamental Tier 1 capital
Non-innovative Tier 1 capital instruments
Innovative Tier 1 capital instruments

Gross Tier 1 capital

Deductions (refer Table 2)
Transitional Tier 1 capital relief

Tier 1 capital

Tier 2
Upper Tier 2 capital (refer Table 3)
Subordinated notes (refer Table 4)

Tier 2 capital

Deductions (refer Table 5)

Total qualifying capital

Adjusted Common Equity
Tier 1 capital
Less:  Non-innovative Tier 1 capital instrument1

Innovative Tier 1 capital instruments (refer Table 6)1
Transitional Tier 1 capital relief
Deductions

Adjusted Common Equity (ACE)

Capital adequacy ratios
Tier 1
Tier 2

Deductions

Total

Adjusted Common Equity

Risk Weighted Assets

1  Converted at balance date spot rates.

As at 
Sep 07
$m

As at 
Sep 06
$m

22,048
(2,318)

19,906
(2,333)

19,730
1,033
3,119

17,573
 –
3,342

23,882

20,915

(6,170)
716

(5,274)
716

18,428

16,357

2,296
8,826

1,946
8,177 

11,122

10,123

(1,837)

(1,073)

27,713

25,407

18,428
(1,033)
(3,052)
(716)
(1,837)

16,357 
– 
(3,321)
(716)
(1,073)

11,790

11,247

6.7%
4.1%

10.8%
-0.7%

6.8%
4.2% 

11.0%
-0.4% 

10.1%

10.6%

4.3%

4.7%

275,018

240,219

Financial Report  163

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

7: Capital Management (continued)

Table 1: Prudential adjustments to shareholders’ equity
Reclassifi cation of preference share capital
Accumulated retained profi ts and reserves of insurance, funds management and securitisation entities and associates
Deferred fee revenue and expenses including fees deferred under AIFRS forming part of loan yields
Hedging reserve
Available-for-sale revaluation reserve
Dividend not provided for
Accrual for Dividend Reinvestment Plans
Other adjustments

Total

Table 2: Deductions from Tier 1 capital
Unamortised goodwill & other intangibles
Capitalised software
Capitalised expenses including loan and lease origination fees, capitalised securitisation establishment costs 
and costs associated with debt raisings
Applicable deferred tax assets (excluding the component relating to the general reserve for impairment of 
fi nancial assets)
Investment in ANZ Lenders Mortgage Insurance
Other adjustments

Total

Table 3: Upper Tier 2 capital
Eligible component of post acquisition earnings and reserves in associates and joint ventures
Perpetual subordinated notes
General reserve for impairment of fi nancial assets net of attributable deferred tax asset
Transitional Upper Tier 2 capital relief

Total

Table 4: Subordinated notes
For capital adequacy calculation purposes, subordinated note issues are reduced by 20% of the original amount 
over the last four years to maturity and are limited to 50% of Tier 1 capital. 

Table 5: Deductions from Total capital
Investment in Funds Management and Securitisation entities
Investment in joint ventures with ING in Australia and New Zealand
Investment in other Authorised Deposit Taking Institutions and overseas equivalents
Investment in other commercial operations
Other

Total

Table 6: Innovative Tier 1 capital instruments
Euro hybrid (converted at current rates)
US Stapled Trust Security
ANZ StEPS

Total

As at 
Sep 07
$m

As at 
Sep 06
$m

(871)
(398)
306
(153)
(97)
(1,381)
276
–

(871)
(289)
343 
(227)
(2)
(1,267)
–
(20)

(2,318)

(2,333)

(4,911)
(462)
(602)

(3,996)
(397)
(569)

(57)

(290)

(101)
(37)

(31)
9 

(6,170)

(5,274)

197
690
1,392
17

2,296

184 
401 
1,344 
17 

1,946

(85)
(525)
(1,025)
(124)
(78)

(86)
(526)
(370)
– 
(91)

(1,837)

(1,073)

(804)
(1,248)
(1,000)

(850)
(1,471)
(1,000)

(3,052)

(3,321)

164  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

7: Capital Management (continued)

Balance Sheet
Zero risk weighted assets1 
Claims on approved banks and local governments 
Advances secured by mortgages and other assets eligible for 50% risk weighting 
Other assets - credit risk2

Total statement of fi nancial position assets - credit risk
Trading assets - market risk

Total balance sheet

Assets

Sep 2007
$m

Sep 2006
$m

Risk Weighted Assets

Sep 2007
$m

Sep 2006
$m

52,703
24,190
145,054
158,731

380,678
11,935

34,115 
19,584 
131,134 
138,119 

322,952 
11,688 

–
4,838
72,527
159,518

236,883
n/a

- 
3,917 
65,567 
138,119 

207,603
n/a

392,613

334,640

236,883

207,603

Off-balance sheet exposures3
Direct credit substitutes
Trade and performance related items
Commitments
Foreign exchange, interest rate and other market 
related transactions

Notional Amount

Credit Equivalent

Risk Weighted Assets

Sep 2007
$m

Sep 2006
$m

Sep 2007
$m

Sep 2006
$m

Sep 2007
$m

Sep 2006 
$m

8,114
15,909
107,269

7,588
14,788
98,554

8,114
6,983
18,445

7,588
6,470
17,030

5,796
6,222
15,791

5,432
5,657
14,611

1,692,885

1,169,553

29,019

18,010

8,379

5,240

Total off-balance sheet exposures – credit risk

1,824,177 1,290,483

62,561

49,098

36,188

30,940

Total risk weighted assets – credit risk
Risk weighted assets – market risk

Total risk weighted assets

273,071
1,947

238,543
1,676

275,018

240,219

1  Includes $2,069 million (September 2006: $1,938 million) in assets of subsidiaries consolidated on adoption of AIFRS excluded for risk weighting calculations for 

APRA reporting purposes.

2  In 2007, risk weighted assets includes intragroup assets with entities deconsolidated for prudential purposes.
3  Excludes off-balance sheet exposures in subsidiaries consolidated under accounting standards as required by APRA.

Financial Report  165

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

8: Additional Financial Instrument Risk Disclosures

The Group has not early adopted AASB 7: ‘Financial Instruments: Disclosure’ which is applicable for the year ending 30 September 2008. As 
part of ANZ’s transition to AASB 7 compliance, the Group has enhanced its disclosures on market and liquidity risks in Note 35 and the fair 
value of fi nancial instruments in Note 37. The following additional disclosures on credit risk associated with fi nancial instruments are made to 
assist readers with the transition to AASB 7 disclosures. 

Credit Risk
Equity investments classifi ed as available-for-sale fi nancial assets are excluded from the disclosures below.

Distribution of fi nancial assets by credit quality
The credit quality of the portfolio is assessed by reference to the Group’s risk grading principles and policies supported by a complementary risk 
grading methodology. As detailed in Note 35, ANZ uses a two dimensional risk grading system, which measures both the customer’s ability to 
repay and the loss in the event of default.

Past due but not impaired

Refers to APRA 90 Days Past Due defi nition. This applies where contractual payments are past due greater than 
90 days, or where the facility remains outside of contractual arrangements for greater than 90 consecutive days, 
but the Group believes that impairment has not occured on the basis of the level of security/collateral available.

Well secured

Portfolio managed

Impaired

A facility, subject to a regular repayment schedule, is classifi ed as 90 Days Past Due when at least 90 calendar 
days have elapsed since the due date of a contractual payment has not been met in full. The total amount outside 
of contractual arrangements has to be equivalent to at least 90 days worth of contractual payments and the 
facility is well secured.

Facilities that do not have a regular repayment schedule are considered 90 days past due when the facility has 
remained continuously outside of contracted arrangements for 90 or more consecutive days and the facility is 
well secured. 

Well secured is when the fair value of the associated security is suffi cient to ensure that ANZ will recover the 
entire amount owing over the life of the facility and there is reasonable assurance that collective efforts will 
result in payment of the amounts due in a timely manner.

Financial assets which are homogenous with similar characteristics and are assessed, approved, and 
controlled on a portfolio basis within a centralised environment (for example Credit Cards, Personal Loans, 
Home Loans). When the fi nancial assets are managed on a portfolio basis, the assets can be held on a 
non impaired basis for up to 180 days.

Impaired assets are credit exposures where there is doubt as to whether the full contractual amount will 
be received, and/or where a material credit obligation is more than 90 days past due where it is not well 
secured. In the event where the value of collateral is suffi cient to repay both the principal debt and all 
potential interest and there is no concern of the creditworthiness of the counterparty in question, the 
exposure is then classifi ed as past due but not impaired.

Consolidated

2007
$m

2007
$m

2007
$m

2007
$m

Due 
from other
fi nancial
institutions

Gross 
loans and
advances

Customers’ 
liabilities for
acceptances

Available-for-
sale assets

8,040

291,621

14,536

13,626

–
–
– 

474
87
666 

–
–
– 

–
–
– 

8,040

292,848 

14,536 

13,626

–

126 

– 

–

8,040

292,974 

14,536 

13,626

Gross carrying amounts of fi nancial assets
Neither past due nor impaired
Past due but not impaired
  Well Secured
  Portfolio Managed
Impaired

Unproductive facilities

166  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
 
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

8: Additional Financial Instrument Risk Disclosures (continued)

Credit quality of fi nancial assets neither past due nor impaired
The credit quality of fi nancial assets is managed by ANZ using internal ratings which aim to refl ect the relative ability of counterparties to fulfi l, 
on time, their credit-related obligations, and is based on their current probability of default.

Internal rating

Satisfactory risk

Sub-standard but not impaired

Internal rating

Satisfactory risk
Sub-standard but not impaired

Customers that have consistently demonstrated sound operational and fi nancial stability over the medium to 
long term, even though some may be susceptible to cyclical trends or variability in earnings. This rating broadly 
corresponds to ratings “Aaa” to “Ba3” and “AAA” to “BB-” of Moody’s and Standard & Poor respectively.

Customers that have demonstrated some operational and fi nancial instability, with variability and 
uncertainty in profi tability and liquidity projected to continue over the short and possibly medium term. 
This rating broadly corresponds to ratings “B1” to “Caa” and “B+” to “CCC” of Moody’s and Standard & Poor 
respectively. 

2007
$m

Due 
from other
fi nancial
institutions

Consolidated

2007
$m

2007
$m

2007
$m

Gross
loans and
advances

Customers’ 
liability for 
acceptances

Available-for-
sale debt
assets

8,040
– 

287,259
4,923 

14,357
179 

13,626
– 

8,040

292,182 

14,536 

13,626

Renegotiated facilities
The Group distinguishes between facilities renegotiated on a commercial basis, on terms similar to those offered to new clients with similar 
risk, and those renegotiated on non commercial terms as a result of a client’s inability to meet original contractual obligations.

In the course of renegotiating facilities due to fi nancial diffi culty, the Group may consider modifying its terms to include concessions such as a 
reduction in the principal amount, a deferral of repayments, and/or an extension of the maturity date materially beyond those typically offered 
to new facilities with similar risk.

Renegotiated facilities are classifi ed as productive and must demonstrate sound prospects of being able to adhere to the modifi ed contractual 
terms. Where doubt exists as to the capacity to sustain the modifi ed terms, the facilities remain impaired and an appropriate level of individual 
provision is held.

Renegotiated loans that would otherwise be due or impaired are nil (2006: nil).

Individually impaired fi nancial assets
ANZ regularly reviews its portfolio and monitor adherence to contractual terms. When doubt arises as to the collectability of a credit facility, the 
fi nancial asset is classifi ed and reported as individually impaired and an individual provision is allocated against it.

Gross carrying amount of impaired fi nancial assets
Individual provision balance on impaired fi nancial assets

Unproductive facilities
Individual provision balance on unproductive facilities

Consolidated

2007
$m

2007
$m

2007
$m

Due 
from other
fi nancial
institutions

Gross
loans and
advances

Available-for-
sale debt
assets

–
–

–

–
– 

–

666
(260) 

406

126
(42)

84 

–
– 

–

–
– 

–

Financial Report  167

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

8: Additional Financial Instrument Risk Disclosures (continued)

The following table presents an analysis of gross amounts of individually impaired fi nancial assets by type and geographic region:

Due from other fi nancial institutions

Loans and advances:
Agricultural, Forestry, Fishing and Mining
Business Service
Construction
Entertainment, Leisure and Tourism
Finincial, Investment and Insurance
Government and Offi cial Institutions
Lease Finance
Manufacturing
Personal
Real Estate – Commercial
Real Estate – Mortgage
Retail and Wholesale Trade
Other

Available-for-sale assets

Unproductive facilities

2007
$m

Consolidated

2007
$m

2007
$m

Australia

New 
Zealand

Overseas 
Markets

–

66
15
6
9
4
–
13
138
50
27
63
39
84

514

–

121

–

12
2
3
2
32
–
1
28
8
1
2
4
4

99

–

5

635

104

–

1
–
1
1
1
–
–
3
35
1
–
2
8

53

–

–

53

2007
$m

Total

–

79
17
10
12
37
–
14
169
93
29
65
45
96

666

–

126

792

Security held in respect of individually impaired gross loans and advances in the analysis above has an estimated fair value of $214 million 
(security held in respect of impaired off-balance sheet facilities amounts to $6 million).

The analysis above does not have a separate category for Customers’ liability for acceptances. When customers’ liabilities for acceptances 
become impaired, the resulting balances are recorded under loans and advances.

168  ANZ Annual Report 2007

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

8: Additional Financial Instrument Risk Disclosures (continued)

Maximum exposure to credit risk

For fi nancial assets recognised on the balance sheet, the exposure to credit risk equals their carrying amount. In certain circumstances, there 
may be differences between the carrying amounts reported on the balance sheet and the amounts reported in the table below. Principally, 
these differences arise in respect of fi nancial assets that are subject to risks other than credit risk, such as equity investments or banknotes and 
coins. Other differences are determined to be insignifi cant.

For contingent exposures, the maximum exposure to credit risk is the maximum amount that ANZ would have to pay if the contingents are called 
upon. For undrawn facilities, the maximum exposure to credit risk is the full amount of the committed facilities.

The following table presents the maximum exposure to credit risk of on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet fi nancial instruments before taking 
account of any collateral held or other credit enhancements.

On-balance sheet positions
Liquid assets (other than cash and coins at bankers)
Due from other fi nancial institutions
Trading securities (other than equity instruments)
Derivative fi nancial instruments
Available-for-sale assets (other than equity instruments)
Net loans and advances
Customers’ liability for acceptances
Other fi nancial assets

Off-balance sheet positions
Undrawn facilities
Contingent facilities

Total

                     Consolidated

2007
$m

2006
$m

13,320
8,040
15,120
22,237
13,626
288,846
 14,536
3,510

12,569
9,665
9,179
9,164
10,588
255,922
13,435
3,596

379,235

324,118

107,269
23,816

98,554
22,055

131,085

120,609

510,320

444,727

Financial Report  169

GLOSSARY

AAS – Australian Accounting Standards 
(also known as AIFRS).

AASB – Australian Accounting Standards 
Board.

Adjusted Common Equity (ACE) is Tier 1 
capital less preference shares and other 
Hybrid Capital at current exchange rates, 
regulatory deductions from total capital and 
transitional capital relief as approved by 
APRA.

AFS – Available-for-sale assets.

AIFRS – Australian Equivalents to 
International Financial Reporting Standards.

APRA – Australian Prudential Regulation 
Authority.

Collective provision is the provision for 
Credit Losses that are inherent in the 
portfolio but not able to be individually 
identifi ed. A collective provision may only be 
recognised when a loss event has already 
occurred. Losses expected as a result of 
future events, no matter how likely, are not 
recognised.

Credit equivalent represents the calculation 
of on-balance sheet equivalents for market 
related items.

Equity standardisation. Economic Value 
Added (EVATM) principles are in use 
throughout the Group, whereby risk adjusted 
capital is allocated and charged against 
business units. Equity standardised profi t 
is determined by eliminating the impact 
of earnings on each business unit’s book 
capital and attributing earnings on the 
business unit’s risk adjusted capital. This 
enhances comparability of business unit 
performance. Geographic results are not 
equity standardised.

Group Centre division includes Operations, 
Technology and Shared Services, Treasury 
(funding component), Group People 
Capital, Group Strategic Development, 
Group Financial Management, Group Risk 
Management, Capital Funding and Group 
Items.

Impaired assets are those whose carrying 
value is greater than the amount expected 
to be recovered over their lives. More 
specifi cally, in relation to loans or other 
credit facilities, impairment may arise 
where there is reasonable doubt about the 
collectability of interest, fees (past and 
future) or principal outstanding, or where 
concessional terms have been provided 
because of the fi nancial diffi culties of the 
customer.

Income includes external interest income 
and other external operating income.

170  ANZ Annual Report 2007

Individual provision charge is the amount of 
expected credit losses on those loans and 
advances assessed for impairment on an 
individual basis. It takes into account the 
NPV of expected cash fl ow over the lives of 
those loans and advances.

Institutional division provides a full range of 
fi nancial services principally to ANZ Australia 
and New Zealand corporate and institutional 
customers in all geographies. Institutional 
has a major presence in Australia and New 
Zealand and also operations in Europe, USA 
and Asia. 

  Working Capital consists of Trade and 
Transaction Services and Relationship 
lending. Trade and Transaction services 
provides working capital solutions 
including lending and deposit products, 
cash transaction banking management, 
trade fi nance, international payments, 
clearing and custodian services 
principally to Institutional and Corporate 
customers. Relationship Lending 
manages the Institutional and Corporate 
balance sheets with a particular focus 
on credit quality, diversifi cation and 
maximising risk adjusted returns.
  Markets provides risk management 
services to Corporate and Institutional 
clients globally in relation to foreign 
exchange, interest rates, credit and 
commodities. This includes the business 
providing origination, underwriting, 
structuring and risk management 
services, advice and sale of credit and 
derivative products globally. Markets also 
manages the Group’s interest rate risk 
position.
  Business Banking provides a full range 
of banking services, including risk 
management, to metropolitan based 
small to medium sized business clients 
with up to $50 million turnover.
  Corporate Finance provides complex 
fi nancing and advisory services, 
structured fi nancial products, leasing, 
private equity fi nance, project fi nance, 
leveraged fi nance and infrastructure 
investment products to our global client 
set.
  Relationships & Infrastructure includes 
Institutional Banking, Financial 
Institutions and Corporate Banking. These 
units use our client relationship teams 
for our global Institutional and Financial 
Institutions customers and our Corporate 
customers in Australia.

Liquid assets are cash and cash equivalent 
assets. Cash equivalent assets are highly 
liquid investments with short periods to 

maturity, are readily convertible to cash 
at ANZ’s option and are subject to an 
insignifi cant risk of changes in value.

Net advances include gross loans and 
advances and acceptances less income 
yet to mature and allowance for credit 
impairment.

Net interest average margin is net interest 
income as a percentage of average interest 
earning assets. Non-assessable interest 
income is grossed up to the equivalent 
before tax amount for the purpose of these 
calculations.

Net interest spread is the average interest 
rate received on interest earning assets less 
the average interest rate paid on interest 
bearing liabilities. Non-assessable interest 
income is grossed up to the equivalent 
before tax amount for the purpose of these 
calculations.

Net non-interest bearing items, which are 
referred to in the analysis of interest spread 
and net interest average margin, includes 
shareholders’ equity, impairment of loans 
and advances, deposits not bearing interest 
and other liabilities not bearing interest, 
offset by premises and equipment and other 
non-interest earning assets. Non-performing 
loans are included within interest bearing 
loans, advances and bills discounted.

Net tangible assets equals share capital 
and reserves attributable to shareholders of 
the Group less preference share capital and 
unamortised intangible assets (including 
software). 
New Zealand Businesses includes the 
following businesses:
  ANZ Retail - operating under the ANZ 
brand in New Zealand provides a full 
range of banking services to personal and 
business banking customers.
  NBNZ Retail - operating under the National 
Bank brand in New Zealand, provides a 
full range of banking services to personal 
and business banking customers.
  Corporate Banking in New Zealand - 
incorporates the ANZ and National Bank 
brands and provides fi nancial solutions 
through a relationship management 
model for medium-sized businesses with 
a turnover up to NZD100 million.
  Rural Banking in New Zealand - provides a 
full range of banking services to rural and 
agribusiness customers.
  Private Banking and Retail Specialist 
Units - includes ANZ’s 49% stake in ING 
New Zealand, Private Banking operating 
under the ANZ and National brands and 
Bonus Bonds.

GLOSSARY

  UDC - provides motor vehicle and 
equipment fi nance, operating leases and 
investment products.

Non-core items are disclosed separately in 
the income statement to remove volatility 
from the underlying business result, and 
include signifi cant items, ANZ National Bank 
incremental integration costs and non-core 
income arising from the use of derivatives in 
economic hedges on fair value through profi t 
and loss.

Non-performing loans comprises loans 
where there is reasonable doubt about the 
collectability of interest, fees (past and 
future) or principal outstanding, or where 
concessional terms have been provided 
because of fi nancial diffi culties of the 
customer.

Operating expenses exclude the provision 
for impairment of loans and advances 
charge. 

Operating income in business segments 
includes equity standardised net interest 
and other operating income. 

Operations, Technology & Shared Services 
comprises the Group’s core support units 
responsible for operating the Group’s global 
technology platforms, development and 
maintenance of business applications, 
information security, the Group’s payments 
back-offi ce processing, and the provision 
of other essential shared services to the 
Group, including property, people capital 
operations, procurement and outsourcing.

Overseas includes the results of all 
operations outside Australia, except if New 
Zealand is separately shown.

Overseas Markets includes all operations 
outside of Australia and New Zealand. The 
Group’s geographic segments are Australia, 
New Zealand and Overseas Markets.

Partnerships & Private Bank is responsible 
for ANZ’s partnerships with other institutions 
in Australia and Asia, along with ANZ’s 
Private Bank business, and includes the 
following:
  INGA includes the equity accounted 
earnings from ANZ’s 49% stake in ING 
Australia Ltd, a joint venture between 
ANZ and ING.
  International Partnerships – ANZ 
continues to develop a portfolio of 
strategic retail partnerships in Asia. ANZ 
currently has partnerships in Indonesia 
with PT Panin Bank, in the Philippines 
with Metrobank, in Cambodia with the 
Royal Group, in China with Bank of Tianjin 
(formerly Tianjin City Commercial Bank) 
and Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank, 
in Vietnam with Sacombank and AMMB 
Holdings Berhad in Malaysia. These 
partnerships are focused on leveraging 

ANZ Australia’s capabilities into faster 
growing personal and small business 
banking markets via the established client 
bases of the local partners.
  Other includes Private Bank, Personal and 
Private Banking Asia and support units 
within the division.

Personal is a division comprising Rural 
Commercial & Agribusiness Products, 
Small Business Banking Products, Banking 
Products, Mortgages, Consumer Finance, 
Investment and Insurance Products, Esanda, 
Pacifi c Banking and a number of other areas, 
including the branch network and marketing 
in Australia.
  Mortgages – provides housing fi nance 
to consumers in Australia for both owner 
occupied and investment purposes.
  Banking Products – provides transaction 
banking and savings products, such 
as term deposits, V2+, and cash 
management accounts.
  Consumer Finance – provides consumer 
and commercial credit cards, ePayment 
products, personal loans, merchant 
payment facilities in Australia and ATM 
facilities.
  Rural Commercial & Agribusiness Products 
– provides a full range of banking services 
to personal customers across regional 
and rural Australia, and to small business 
and agribusiness customers in rural and 
regional Australia.
  Small Business Banking Products – 
provides a full range of banking services 
for metropolitan-based small businesses 
in Australia with unsecured loans up to 
$100,000.
  Esanda – provides motor vehicle and 
equipment fi nance, operating leases and 
investment products.
  Pacifi c – provides retail and corporate 
banking services to customers in the 
Pacifi c Region.
  Investments and Insurance Products 
– comprises ANZ Australia’s Financial 
Planning, Margin Lending, insurance 
distribution, Trustees business and ETrade 
Australia, an online broking business.
Restructured facilities refers to customers 
who have been provided concessions due 
to their fi nancial diffi culties. In the course 
of restructuring facilities, the following 
concessions might be considered: a 
reduction in the principal amount; a deferral 
of repayments; and/or an extension of 
the maturity date materially beyond those 
typically offered to new facilities with 
similar risk.

Return on asset ratios include net intra 
group assets which are risk weighted at 
0% for return on risk weighted assets 
calculations.

Revenue includes net interest income and 
other operating income.

Segment assets represents total external 
assets excluding deferred tax assets.

Segment result represents equity 
standardised profi t before income tax 
expense.

Segment revenue includes equity 
standardised net interest income and other 
operating income.

Service transfer pricing is used to allocate 
services that are provided by central areas 
to each of their business units. The objective 
of service transfer pricing is to remove cross-
subsidies between business units, and 
ensure each business accounts for the cost 
of the services it uses. 

Service transfer pricing charges are reported 
in the profi t and loss statement of each 
business unit as:
  Net inter business unit fees – includes 
intra-group receipts or payments for sales 
commissions and branch service fees. A 
product business will pay a distribution 
channel for product sales. Both the 
payment and receipt are shown as net 
inter business unit fees.
  Net inter business unit expenses – 
consists of the charges made to business 
units for the provision of support services. 
Both payments by business units and 
receipts by service providers are shown 
as net inter business unit expenses.

Signifi cant items are items that have a 
substantial impact on profi t after tax, or 
the earnings used in the earnings per share 
calculation. Signifi cant items also do not 
arise in the normal course of business and 
are infrequent in nature. Divestments are 
typically defi ned as signifi cant items.

Sub-standard assets are customers that 
have demonstrated some operational and 
fi nancial instability, with variablility and 
uncertainty in profi tability and liquidity 
projected to continue over the short and 
possibly medium term.

Total advances include gross loans and 
advances and acceptances less income 
yet to mature (for both as at and average 
volumes). Loans and advances classifi ed 
as available-for-sale are excluded from total 
advances.

Unproductive facilities comprises off-
balance sheet facilities (such as standby 
letters of credit, bill endorsements, 
documentary letters of credit, guarantees to 
third parties, foreign currency and interest 
rate products) and undrawn on balance 
sheet facilities where the customer is 
defi ned as impaired.

Financial Report  171

ALPHABETICAL INDEX

Additional Financial Instrument 
Risk Disclosures 
Associates 
Available-for-sale Assets 
 Average Balance Sheet
  and Related Interest 
Balance Sheets 
Bonds and Notes 
Capital Management 
Cash Flow Statements 
Certifi cates of Deposit and 
  Term Deposit Maturities 
Chairman’s Report 
Commitments 
Compensation of Auditors 
Concentrations of Credit Risk 
Contingent Liabilities, Contingent 
  Assets and Credit Related 
  Commitments 
Controlled Entities 
Corporate Governance Report 
Critical Estimates and Judgements
  Used in Applying Accounting 
  Policies 
Cross Border Outstandings 
Deferred Tax Assets 
Deposits and Other Borrowings 
Derivative Financial Instruments 
Directors’ Declaration 
Directors’ Report 
Dividends 
Due from Other Financial Institutions 

166
135
83

106
55
98
162
57

158
3
137
70
160

138
134
36

65
158
92
96
75
156
10
72
74

Due to Other Financial Institutions 
Earnings Per Ordinary Share 
Employee Share and Option Plans 
Events Since the End of the 
  Financial Year 
Exchange Rates 
Expenses 
Fair Value of Financial Assets 
and Financial Liabilities 
Fiduciary Activities 
Financial Risk Management 
Glossary 
Goodwill and Other Intangibles
  Assets 
Impaired Financial Assets 
Income 
Income Statements 
Income Tax Expense 
Income Tax Liabilities 
Independent Auditor’s Report 
Interest Rate Risk  
Interest Spreads and 
  Net Interest Average Margins 
Interests in Joint Venture Entities 
Key Management Personnel 
Disclosures  
Liquid Assets 
Loan Capital 
Minority interests 
Net Loans and Advances 
Notes to the Cash Flow Statements 

96
74
148

155
155
69

123
136
110
170

93
87
68
54
71
97
157
122

109
135

154
74
99
105
86
132

Other Assets 
Overview of Business Divisions 
Overview of Operations 
Payables and Other Liabilities 
Premises and Equipment 
Provisions 
Provisions for Credit Impairment  
Provision for Credit Impairment – 
Industry Analysis  
Regulatory Deposits 
Reserves and Retained Earnings  
Segment Analysis 
Share Capital 
Shareholder Information 
Shares in Controlled Entities, 
  Associates and Joint 
  Venture Entities 
Short Term Borrowings 
Signifi cant Accounting Policies 
Statements of Recognised 
Income and Expense 
Superannuation and Other 
Post Employment Benefi t Schemes  
Ten Year Summary 
Trading Securities 
Transactions with Other 
  Related Parties 
Volume and Rate Analysis 

94
6
4
97
94
98
88

161
89
104
129
102
50

89
162
58

56

143
8
75

155
159

172  ANZ Annual Report 2007

 
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