Automatic Data Processing
Annual Report 2023

Plain-text annual report

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ______________ FORM 10-K _________________ ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 OR ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Transition Period From to Commission File Number 1-5397 AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (IRS Employer Identification No.) Delaware 22-1467904 One ADP Boulevard Roseland, NJ (Address of principal executive offices) 07068 (Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (973)-974-5000 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common Stock, $0.10 Par Value (voting) Trading Symbol(s) ADP Name of each exchange on which registered NASDAQ Global Select Market Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ý No ☐ Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ý Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to the filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large Accelerated Filer Non-accelerated filer ☒ ☐ Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company Emerging growth company ☐ ☐ ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒ The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was approximately $98,849,691,982. On July 31, 2023 there were 411,986,870 shares of Common Stock outstanding. Portions of the Registrant's Proxy Statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Part III DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Part I Item 1. Item 1A. Item 1B. Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Part II Item 5. Item 6. Item 7. Item 7A. Item 8. Item 9. Item 9A. Item 9B. Item 9C. Part III Item 10. Item 11. Item 12. Item 13. Item 14. Part IV. Item 15. Signatures Table of Contents Business Risk Factors Unresolved Staff Comments Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Selected Financial Data Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Controls and Procedures Other Information Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Compensation Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Principal Accounting Fees and Services Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules Page 3 17 24 24 24 24 25 26 26 41 42 77 77 81 81 82 84 84 84 84 84 89 2 Item 1. Business Part I CORPORATE BACKGROUND General In 1949, our founders established ADP to shape the world of work with a simple, innovative idea: help clients focus on their business by solving their payroll challenges. Today, we are one of the world’s leading global technology companies providing comprehensive cloud-based human capital management (HCM) solutions that unite HR, payroll, talent, time, tax and benefits administration. Our unmatched experience, expertise, insights and cutting-edge technology have transformed HCM from an administrative challenge to a strategic business advantage. Tailored to meet the needs of businesses of all sizes, we help them work smarter today so they can have more success tomorrow. We serve over 1 million clients and pay over 41 million workers in 140 countries and territories. Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market® under the symbol “ADP.” When we refer to “we,” “us,” “our,” “ADP,” or the “Company” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we mean Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. 3 BUSINESS OVERVIEW ADP’s Mission Our mission is to power organizations with insightful Human Capital Management (HCM) solutions that meet the changing needs of our clients and their workers. digital artificial technology, technology, Data, intelligence, globalization, new business models and other significant events and disruptions continuously reshape the way people work. Our HCM industry and compliance expertise and data insights deliver measurable results and peace-of-mind, and contribute to an engaged, technology and productive workforce. Our commitment to service excellence are at the core of our relationship with each one of our clients, whether it's a small, mid-sized or large organization operating in one or multiple countries around the world. We are always designing better ways to work through cutting-edge products, premium services and exceptional experiences that enable people to reach their full potential. leading ADP's Business Pillars Our business is organized around three pillars which represent our core growth areas. U.S. HCM Solutions: In the United States, we provide cloud-based HCM software with supporting service and expertise that assists employers of all types and sizes in managing the entire worker spectrum and employment cycle – from full-time to freelancer and from hire to retire. U.S. HR Outsourcing (HRO) Solutions: In the United States, we offer comprehensive HRO solutions in which we provide complete management solutions for HR 4 administration, payroll administration, talent management, employee benefits, benefits administration, employer liability management, and other HCM and employee benefits functions. Global Solutions: We offer international HCM and HRO solutions, comprised of both local, in-country solutions and cloud-based multi-country solutions, to clients wherever they do business around the world. ADP’s Strategy Our business strategy has three key priorities: With a large and growing addressable market, we are focused on our core growth areas and further enhancing our market position by executing on our Strategy: • Lead with Best-in-Class HCM Technology. We design and develop world-class HCM platforms that simplify work and utilize enabling technologies like artificial intelligence and modern cloud architecture. We aim to solve the needs of our clients and their workers today by making HCM transactions effortless and compliant, while anticipating their needs of tomorrow by incorporating valuable data insights and guidance into our solutions to help them better understand their workforce and how they compare to industry peers, and position them to make better decisions. technology to achieve • Provide Unmatched Expertise and Outsourcing Solutions. Our clients look to us as a source of expertise to understand key HR trends and best practices, employment and related legislation, and to offer thoughtful strategies to their business utilize HCM objectives and support their workforce. Many of our clients also look to us to take on responsibility for a portion or all of their HCM workflow via one of our HRO solutions. We intend to continue to build on our deep expertise and make it readily available to our clients through a variety of channels, ranging from traditional call and chat options to self-guided and AI-powered options. We will continue to leverage our decades of experience, our significant data insights, and investments in AI and other enabling technologies to help our clients and their workers navigate the ever-changing world of work. • Benefit our Clients with Our Global Scale. Our clients benefit from our unmatched global footprint and scale in the HCM industry. We will continue to build on these strengths to further improve our client experience, and to add to our global footprint to further meet our clients where they choose to do business and address their needs for a distributed and flexible workforce. We intend to build more relationships with partners, such as through the ADP Marketplace, in order to provide clients with seamless integrations and customizations that simplify their HR processes and help them meet their needs. And we will grow our sales organization and continue to invest in best- in-class sales technology to not only make the purchase experience seamless but to also empower our sellers to provide the deep expertise and insights our clients, partners and influencers require to ensure they have the right HCM solutions to help them achieve their objectives and make a meaningful impact for their employees. As we continue to invest in and execute on our Strategy, we intend to continue to exceed the expectations of our clients and enable them and their people to reach their full potential. Innovation at ADP Innovation is in our DNA. For over 70 years, we have proven that actively listening and responding to what clients and their employees need and want keeps the world of work progressing forward. We pioneered HCM automation, HCM in the cloud, mobile HCM and a digital HCM marketplace. This spirit of innovation remains a steady guide as we continue to listen and respond to the business, data and digital emerging needs. As technology landscape continues to rapidly evolve, what “work” means, how and where it gets done, and how workers are paid is changing as well. Leveraging the power of data, we innovate by anticipating the future of work, the future of HCM and the future of pay to help our clients transform their businesses, simplify work and empower their workers. The size and breadth of ADP gives us a unique opportunity, especially in the era of data and data-driven products, to test innovative ideas, validate hypotheses and refine solutions before we bring them to the market. This happens through our “client-zero” program, which forges a direct connection point between our internal HR practitioners and our technologists. A key area of focus is using data and feedback from front-line practitioners to build products that improve the employee experience and make HR technology more intentional and in the moment. By innovating with a client-centric mindset, we continue to transform work. In today’s world of work, people-data has never been more important. It gives companies the information they need to identify the depth and scope of people issues, anticipate and solve challenges, foster connections across their workforce and drive business outcomes. Sitting at the center of workforce data, we leverage the unrivaled scale, breadth, and depth of our data to provide the insights businesses need to create a better world of work. Our data is also the basis for our renowned ADP National Employment Report, which the ADP Research Institute (ADPRI) and the Stanford Digital Economy Lab recently retooled to provide a more robust, independent high- frequency view of the labor market and trajectory of economic growth in the United States. The scale and scope of our client base provides us an unrivaled HCM dataset, and we are focused on converting our data advantage into our client’s data advantage. We are doing this by differentiating our HCM solutions and providing our clients with insights that can help drive better decisions, and by continuing to identify and pursue new and additional data-as-a-service opportunities. We are leading this innovation effort with ADP® DataCloud, our award-winning machine learning (ML) and workforce analytics platform which is the largest private repository of analyzes payroll aggregated, and compensation data from more than 1 million organizations across the U.S., powering solutions that provide clients with in-depth workforce and business insights that enable critical HR decisions. available. DataCloud timely HCM anonymized information and Artificial intelligence (AI) drives many of the key features of ADP’s data products. In the U.S., ADP DataCloud's Skills Graph, our proprietary data structure, is based on more than 43 million employee records, 95 million resumes and 9 million job postings across more than 20 industries and 500 geographic areas, and uses large language models to extract, align and normalize key information such as skills, job titles and levels, education and qualifications from non-structured data and infers missing skills and qualifications from context. Skills Graph powers ADP’s Candidate Profile Relevancy tool to help score, assess and predict candidates who are the best fit for a job opening and is designed to minimize the introduction of bias by, among other things, focusing on the skills, education, and experience of an applicant. Skills Graph also powers our new Organizational Benchmarking Dashboard, which enables companies to decide how best to deploy their workers by comparing organizational metrics like headcount, labor costs and turnover against other similar businesses, as well as Talent Market Insights where organizations can explore jobs and locations to understand talent availability, skills, wages, turnover and time to fill. ADP’s Model-Based Benchmarks, powered by Skills Graph, also extend benchmarks to include compensation for up to 160 million workers. Model-Based Benchmarks are driven by a set of deep learning models that extract 5 patterns and knowledge from millions of payroll records and job profiles to provide accurate information that reflects the reality of the position being researched. We offer similar tools to clients outside the United States, including through our ADP GlobalView® and ADP iHCM solutions. highlights tech breakthroughs that promise to define the future of their industries. In harnessing the power of data through ML, ADP recognizes the importance of accountability, transparency, privacy, explainability and governance, and in furtherance of those goals has established an active AI & Data Ethics Committee, comprised of both industry leaders and ADP experts, which advises on emerging industry trends and concerns and provides guidance with respect to compliance with that ADP should follow while developing products, systems and applications that involve AI, ML and data. the principles to explore the potential As we continue that new technologies like generative AI can provide as we design and develop innovative solutions, we understand the great responsibility we have to approach these innovations in a way that is ethical, secure, and compliant for our business and the clients and workers we serve around the world. This led to our establishment of an interdisciplinary working group across ADP to determine governance for use cases and adoption of a set of principles and processes to govern the use of these newer technologies, including operational monitoring of recommendations made by AI/ ML technologies. Built to be as dynamic as the world of work today, our next-gen platforms are designed for adaptability. Built from the ground up to be cloud-native, global, scalable and secure, our next-gen platforms are designed to provide our clients with the flexibility they need to address today’s and tomorrow’s workplace challenges, and to personalize the experience based on their needs. Built for dynamic teams, our next-gen HCM platform provides our clients with visibility into where work happens rather than into rigid organizational hierarchies and worker types. And, by deploying low-code applications, clients can easily tailor the solution to their needs. Our next-gen payroll platform is a global solution that supports workers of all types and enables real-time, transparent, continuous payroll calculations. This next-gen payroll platform also unlocks flexible pay choices for our clients so they can provide the best pay experience for their workers. As the regulatory environment rapidly changes, making the for companies complexities of payroll, our next-gen payroll platform’s built-in compliance capabilities enable our clients to focus on managing their business. to navigate it harder Additionally, we launched the “Roll™ by ADP” mobile- first solution – reimagining how small businesses do payroll. This groundbreaking payroll solution utilizes an AI-powered chat interface to turn traditional payroll management that can complete payroll in under a minute. Leveraging ADP’s long-standing payroll expertise and data security, small intuitive conversation into an We are also using AI to respond to the needs of HR practitioners. ADP’s data-driven Intelligent Self-Service solution uses predictive analytics and machine learning to proactively address common employee HR challenges before the need to contact their HR departments arises, freeing HR practitioners to focus on higher value initiatives. It was named a “Top HR Product” at the 2022 HR Technology Conference, marking the 8th consecutive year we have received this award for continued product innovation. ADP’s Pay Equity Storyboard combines analytics and benchmarking to help employers better understand potential pay gaps and provide them with real, up-to-date, aggregated and anonymized market data to understand how their compensation for a particular job compares to other similar employers. Insights powered by DataCloud are particularly important with respect to diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) and, as part of our commitment to DEI, we introduced first-of-its-kind, award-winning DEI benchmark to help companies assess DEI gaps, track their progress and achieve their goals, bolstering ADP’s suite of DEI offerings. It also earned acclaim in Fast Company’s first-ever list of the “Next Big Things in Tech,” which the 6 business owners can download and self-purchase Roll and run payroll anywhere, anytime, quickly and compliantly, with no experience or training needed. The conversational experience runs off simple chat prompts such as “Run my payroll,” offering a frictionless experience that also allows clients to confidently handle compliance matters like tax filing and deposits. financial wellness tools designed to help members realize a better financial path forward. ‘Always Designing for People’ isn’t just a tag line – innovation is also about putting our clients first by giving them and their workers a faster, smarter and easier user experience (UX) that was designed with and for them. With a modern look and feel based on our new design system, our new UX is powered by data and ML and provides intuitive workflows that are available when and where our clients and their workers need it. We are investing in UX alignment and simplification across our strategic products and solutions, with new UX releases for RUN Powered by ADP®, MyADP, ADP® Mobile Solutions and, most recently, ADP Workforce Now®. In addition, our ADP Mobile app simplifies how work gets done by enabling clients to process their payroll anywhere, and giving millions of their employees worldwide convenient access to their payroll and HR information in 32 languages. We expanded employee self-service via our app by incorporating ML-based recommendations for employees to better find information, correct missing information, and complete tasks more efficiently. Reportable Segments Our two reportable business segments are Employer Services and Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”), and are based on the way that management reviews the performance of, and makes decisions about, our business. For financial data by segment and by geographic area, see Note 14 to the “Consolidated Financial Statements” contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. ranging Employer Services. Our Employer Services segment serves clients from single-employee small businesses to large enterprises with tens of thousands of employees around the world, offering a comprehensive range of technology-based HCM solutions, including our strategic, cloud-based platforms, and HRO (other than PEO) solutions. These solutions address critical client needs Services, Benefits Administration, Talent Management, HR Management, Workforce Management, Compliance Services, Insurance Services and Retirement Services. include: Payroll and Professional Employer Organization. Our PEO business, called ADP TotalSource®, provides clients with comprehensive employment administration outsourcing solutions through a relationship in which employees who work for a client (referred to as “worksite employees”) are co-employed by us and the client. Our innovative Wisely® payment and financial wellness offering includes a suite of personalized banking- alternative solutions designed to give employees fast and flexible choices to access their pay and other sources of income. Wisely® Pay is a network-branded paycard with a digital account, through which employees can access their pay, make purchases online and in store, deposit checks, load additional funds onto the card, and transfer funds to a bank account in the United States. Wisely also enables advanced capabilities and innovative features such as Earned Wage Access (EWA), automatic savings options, cash back rewards and bill pay that help employees take even more control of their finances. Wisely® Direct, a network-branded general purpose reloadable card that comes with a digital account, provides similar features and functionality but is offered directly to consumers. Our digital card offerings are banking alternatives that afford 7 PRODUCTS AND SOLUTIONS In order to serve the unique needs of our clients and their diverse types of businesses and workforce models, we provide a range of solutions which businesses of all types and sizes and across geographies can use to recruit, pay, manage, and retain their workforce. We address these broad market needs with our cloud-based strategic platforms: RUN Powered by ADP®, serving over 850,000 small businesses; ADP Workforce Now®, serving over 80,000 mid-sized and large businesses across our strategic pillars; and ADP Vantage HCM® and our next-gen HCM platform, serving large enterprise businesses. All of these solutions can be combined with ADP SmartCompliance® to address the increasingly broad and complex needs of employers. Outside the United States, we address the needs of over 65,000 clients with premier global solutions consisting of in-country solutions and multinational offerings, including ADP GlobalView®, ADP Celergo®/Streamline® and ADP iHCM. Strategic Cloud-based Products and Solutions Across Client Size and Geography HCM Solutions Integrated HCM Solutions. Our premier suite of HCM products offers complete solutions that assist employers of all types and sizes in all stages of the employment cycle, from recruitment to retirement. Our suite of HCM solutions are powered by our strategic, cloud-based, award-winning platforms, including: • RUN Powered by ADP combines a software platform for tax small business payroll, HR management and compliance administration, with 24/7 service and support from our team of small business experts. RUN Powered by ADP also integrates with other ADP solutions, such as workforce management, workers’ compensation insurance premium plan administration systems. retirement payment plans, and • ADP Workforce Now is a flexible HCM solution used across mid-sized and large businesses in North America to manage their employees. More businesses use ADP Workforce Now in North America than any other HCM solution designed for both mid-sized and large businesses. • ADP Vantage HCM is a solution for large enterprises in the United States. It offers a comprehensive set of HCM capabilities within a single solution that unifies the five major areas of HCM: HR management, benefits administration, payroll services, time and attendance management, and talent management. Payroll Services. We pay over 25 million (approximately 1 out of every 6) workers in the United States. We offer flexible payroll services to employers of all sizes, including the preparation of employee paychecks, pay statements, supporting journals, summaries, and management reports. 8 resource planning We provide employers with a wide range of payroll options, including using mobile technology, connecting their major enterprise (“ERP”) applications with ADP’s payroll services or outsourcing their entire payroll process to us. Employers can choose a variety of payroll payment options including ADP’s electronic wage payment and, in the United States, payroll card solutions and digital accounts. On behalf of our clients in the United States, we prepare and file federal, state and local payroll tax returns, and quarterly and annual Social Security, Medicare, and federal, state and local income tax withholding reports. carrier Benefits Administration. In the United States, we provide powerful and agile solutions for employee benefits administration. These options include health and welfare leave administration services, administration services, employee enrollment insurance communication services, and dependent verification services. In addition, ADP benefits administration solutions offer employers a simple and flexible cloud- based eligibility and enrollment system that provides their employees with tools, communications, and other resources they need to understand their benefits options and make informed choices. services, and employee Talent Management. ADP’s Talent Management solutions simplify and improve the talent acquisition, management and activation process, from recruitment to ongoing development. engagement Employers can also outsource their internal recruitment function to ADP. Our solutions provide performance, learning, succession and compensation management tools that help employers align goals to outcomes, and enable managers to identify and mitigate potential retention risks. Our talent activation solutions include StandOut® powered by ADP, which provides team leaders with data and insights to drive employee engagement and leadership turn help drive employee development, which performance. in Workforce Management. ADP’s Workforce Management offers a range of solutions to over 120,000 employers of all sizes, including time and attendance, absence management 9 and scheduling tools. Time and attendance solutions include time capture via online timesheets, timeclocks with badge readers, biometrics and touch-screens, telephone/ interactive voice response, and mobile smartphones and tablets. These tools automate the calculation and reporting of hours worked, helping employers prepare payroll, control costs and overtime, and manage compliance with wage and hour regulations. Absence management tools include accrued time off, attendance policy and leave case management modules. Our employee scheduling tools simplify visibility, offer shift-swapping capabilities and can assist managers with optimizing schedules to boost productivity and minimize under- and over-staffing. We also offer data analytics and reporting tools that provide clients with insights, benchmarks and performance metrics so they can better manage their workforce. In addition, industry-specific modules labor forecasting, budgeting, activity and task management, grant and project tracking, and tips management. available are for Compliance Solutions. ADP’s Compliance Solutions provides industry-leading expertise in payment compliance and employment-related tax matters that complement the payroll, HR and ERP systems of our clients. In our fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, in the United States, we processed and delivered more than 79 million employee year-end tax statements and moved more than $3.1 trillion in client funds to taxing and other agencies, our clients’ employees and other payees. • ADP SmartCompliance. In the United States, ADP SmartCompliance integrates client data delivered from our integrated HCM platforms or third-party payroll, HR and financial systems into a single, cloud-based solution. Our specialized teams use the data to work with clients to help them manage changing and complex regulatory landscapes and improve business processes. ADP SmartCompliance includes HCM-related compliance solutions such as Employment Tax and Wage Payments, as well as Tax Credits, Health Compliance, Wage Garnishments, Employment Verifications, Unemployment Claims and W-2 Management. • ADP SmartCompliance Employment Tax. As part of our full-service employment tax services in the United States, we prepare and file employment tax returns on our clients’ behalf and, in connection with these stand-alone services, collect employment taxes from clients and remit these taxes to more than 8,000 federal, state and local tax agencies. • ADP SmartCompliance Wage Payments. In the United States, we offer compliant pay solutions for today's workforce, including electronic payroll disbursement options such as payroll cards, digital accounts and direct deposit, as well as traditional payroll checks, which can be integrated with clients’ ERP and payroll systems. Human Resources Management. Commonly referred to as Human Resource Information Systems, ADP’s Human Resources Management Solutions provide employers with a single system of record to support the entry, validation, maintenance, and reporting of data required for effective HR management, including employee names, addresses, job types, salary grades, employment history, and educational background. Insurance Services. ADP’s Insurance Services business, in conjunction with our insurance agency, Automatic Data Processing Insurance Agency, Inc., to workers’ facilitates access compensation and group health insurance for small and mid-sized clients through a variety of insurance carriers. the United States licensed in Our automated Pay-by-Pay® premium payment program calculates and collects workers’ compensation premium payments each pay period, simplifying this task for employers. Retirement Services. ADP Retirement Services helps employers in the United States administer various types of retirement plans, such as traditional and Roth 401(k)s, profit sharing (including new comparability), SIMPLE and SEP IRAs, and executive deferred compensation plans. ADP Retirement Services offers a full service 401(k) plan program which provides recordkeeping and administrative services, combined with an investment platform offered through ADP Broker-Dealer, Inc. that gives our clients’ employees access to a wide range of non-proprietary investment options and online tools to monitor the performance of their investments. In addition, ADP Retirement Services offers investment management services to retirement plans through ADP Strategic Plan Services, LLC, an SEC registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. ADP Retirement Services also offers trustee services through a third party. HRO Solutions As a leader in the growing HR Outsourcing market, we partner with our clients to offer a full range of seamless technology and service solutions for HR administration, workforce management, payroll services, benefits administration and talent management. From small businesses to enterprises with thousands of employees, our clients gain proven technology and processes and robust service and support. Whether a client chooses our PEO or other HR Outsourcing solutions, we offer solutions tailored to a client’s specific needs and preferences – designed to meet the client’s needs today, and as its business and needs evolve. Professional Employer Organization. ADP TotalSource is enabled by ADP Workforce Now and offers small and mid-sized businesses a comprehensive HR outsourcing solution through a co-employment model. With a PEO, both ADP and the client have a co-employment relationship with the client’s employees. We assume certain employer responsibilities such as payroll processing and tax filings, and the client maintains control of its business and all management responsibilities. ADP TotalSource clients are able to offer their employees services and benefits on par with those of much larger enterprises, without the need to staff a full HR department. With our cloud-based HCM software at the core, we serve more than 16,000 clients and 10 more than 725,000 worksite employees in all 50 U.S. states. ADP TotalSource is the largest PEO certified by the Internal Revenue Service as meeting the requirements to operate as a Certified Professional Employer Organization under the Internal Revenue Code. As a full-service PEO, ADP TotalSource provides a broad range of HR administrative services, including payroll and payroll tax, employer compliance, HR guidance, employee benefits and benefit administration, talent strategies, and workers’ compensation risk and claims management. Some of the rich offerings available through ADP TotalSource to address today’s workplace challenges include: insurance including • Better Employee Benefits: Through our PEO, many of our clients discover that they can offer a richer overall benefits package than they could afford to offer on their own. We give clients access to a patented approach to help them target the best benefit plan offerings for their employees. They can compare plan options and make more educated decisions about what plan offering is best for their company and budget. In addition, ADP TotalSource integrates with our award-winning ADP Marketplace to further tailor offerings, such as helping employees pay off student loans with payroll contributions and integrating a client’s U.S. PEO population with its global workforce’s HR system of record. • Protection and Compliance: ADP TotalSource HR experts help clients manage the risks of being an employer by advising how to handle properly a range of issues – from HR and safety compliance to employee-relations. This includes access to workers' compensation coverage and expertise designed to help them handle both routine and unexpected incidents, including discrimination and harassment claims. • Talent Engagement: Featuring a talent blueprint, ADP TotalSource HR experts work with clients to help them better engage and retain their workforce through solutions that support the core needs of an employee at work. In addition, our full-service recruitment team is dedicated to helping our clients find and hire new talent, while reducing the stress of uncovering top talent. • Expertise: Each client is assigned a designated HR specialist for day-to-day and strategic guidance. Clients can also access data-driven benchmarks in areas such as turnover and overtime, staffing and understanding profit leaks, and have tailor recommendations to continue to drive their business forward. A payroll specialist is also available to clients to help them ensure their workers are paid correctly, on time and in compliance. their ADP HR expert help ADP Comprehensive Services. Leveraging our market- leading ADP Workforce Now platform, ADP Comprehensive Services partners with clients of all types and sizes to tackle their HR, talent, benefits administration and pay challenges with help from our proven expertise, deep experience and best practices. ADP Comprehensive Services is flexible – enabling clients to partner with us for managed services for one, some or all areas across HR, talent, benefits administration and pay. We provide outsourced execution that combines processes, technology and a robust service and support team that acts as an extension of our client’s in-house resources – so their HCM and pay operations are executed with confidence. ADP Comprehensive Outsourcing Services (ADP COS). ADP COS is designed for large business outsourcing for payroll, HR administration, workforce management, benefits administration and talent management. With ADP the day-to-day payroll process becomes our COS, responsibility, freeing up clients to address critical issues like employee engagement and retention. The combination of technology, deep expertise and data-driven insights that ADP COS offers is powerful, allowing clients to focus on strategy and results. ADP Recruitment Process Outsourcing Services (ADP RPO®). ADP RPO provides deep talent insights to help drive targeted recruitment strategies for attracting top talent. With global, customizable recruitment services, ADP RPO enables organizations to find and hire the best candidates for hourly, professional or executive positions. In addition, we also deliver market analytics, sourcing strategies, candidate screening, selection and on-boarding solutions to help organizations connect their talent strategy to their business's priorities. Global Solutions Our premier global solutions consist of multi-country and local in-country solutions for employers of any type or size. We partner with clients to help them navigate the most complex HR and payroll scenarios using tailored and scalable technology supported by our deep compliance expertise. ADP Global Payroll is a solution for multinational organizations of all sizes, empowering them to harmonize 11 HCM strategies in 140 countries globally. This improves visibility, control and operational efficiency, giving organizations the insight and confidence to adapt to changing local needs, while helping to drive overall organizational agility and engagement. offerings and do not believe any of our major services or business units is subject to unique market risk. We also offer comprehensive, country-specific HCM solutions that combine innovative technology with deep local expertise. By operating a flexible service model, we help clients manage various combinations of payroll attendance time services, HR management, benefits talent management management, management, depending on the country in which the solution is provided. and and We pay over 15 million workers outside the United States with our in-country solutions and with ADP GlobalView, ADP Celergo/Streamline and ADP iHCM – our simplified and intuitive multi-country solutions. As part of our global payroll services, we supply year-end regulatory and legislative tax statements and other forms to our clients’ employees. Our global talent management solutions elevate the employee experience, from recruitment to ongoing employee development. Our comprehensive HR solutions combined with our deep expertise make our clients’ global HR management strategies a reality. Our configurable, automated time and attendance tools help global clients understand the work being performed and the resources being used, and help ensure the right people are in the right place at the right time. engagement and MARKETS AND SALES Our HCM solutions are offered in 140 countries and territories across North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The most material markets for HCM Solutions, Global Solutions and HRO Solutions (other than PEO) are the United States, Canada and Europe. In each market, we have both country-specific solutions and multi- country solutions, for employers of all sizes and complexities. The major components of our offerings throughout these geographies are payroll, HR outsourcing and time and attendance management. In addition, we offer wage and tax collection and/or remittance services in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, India and China. Our PEO business offers services exclusively in the United States. We market our solutions primarily through our direct sales force. We also market HCM Solutions, Global Solutions and HRO Solutions through indirect sales channels, such as marketing relationships with certified public accountants and banks, among others. None of our major business units has a single homogeneous client base or market. While concentrations of clients exist in specific industries, no one client, industry or industry group is material to our overall revenues. We are a leader in each of our major service 12 COMPETITION companies, The industries in which we operate are highly competitive. We know of no reliable statistics by which we can determine the number of our competitors, but we believe that we are one of the largest providers of HCM solutions in the world. HCM Solutions, Global Solutions and HRO Solutions (other than PEO) compete with other business outsourcing companies providing ERP services, providers of cloud-based HCM solutions and financial institutions. Our PEO business competes with other PEOs providing similar services, as well as business outsourcing companies, companies providing ERP services and providers of cloud-based HCM solutions. Other competitive factors include a company’s in-house function, whereby a company installs and operates its own HCM system. Competition for business outsourcing solutions is primarily based on product and service quality, reputation, ease of use and accessibility of technology, breadth of offerings, and price. We believe that we are competitive in each of these areas and that our leading-edge technology (together with our data) and commitment to service excellence, distinguishes us from our competitors. INDUSTRY REGULATION to assist clients with Our business is subject to a wide range of complex U.S. and foreign laws and regulations. In addition, many of our solutions are designed their compliance with certain U.S. and foreign laws and regulations that apply to them. We have, and continue to enhance, compliance programs and policies to monitor and address the legal and regulatory requirements applicable to our operations and client solutions, including dedicated compliance personnel and training programs. As one of the world’s largest providers of HCM solutions, our systems contain a significant amount of sensitive data related to clients, employees of our clients, vendors and our employees. We are, therefore, subject to compliance obligations under federal, state and foreign privacy, data protection, artificial intelligence (AI) and cybersecurity- related laws, including federal, state and foreign security breach notification laws with respect to both client employee data and our own employee data. The changing nature of these comprehensive laws in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, including the European Union’s (the “EU”) General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”) and the California Privacy Rights Act of 2020 impact our processing of personal (the “CPRA”), information of our employees and on behalf of our clients. The GDPR imposes strict and comprehensive requirements on us as both a data controller and a data processor. As part of our overall data protection compliance program, including with respect to data protection laws in the EU, we are one of the few companies in the world to have implemented Binding Corporate Rules (“BCRs”). Compliance with our BCRs permits us to process and transfer personal data across borders in accordance with the GDPR and other data protection laws in the EU. The CPRA requires companies to provide data disclosure, access, deletion and opt-out rights to consumers in California. In the area of artificial intelligence, some states and localities in the U.S. have proposed or already enacted legislation and proposals are pending in the European Union and elsewhere that would impose obligations on how we develop and market AI-based products and solutions. Additionally, self-regulatory frameworks like the National Institute of Standards and Technology AI Risk Management Framework are being promulgated and adherence to these may become an industry standard or client expectation. In the United States, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 applies to our insurance services businesses and ADP TotalSource. As part of our payroll and payroll tax management services, we move client funds to taxing authorities, our clients’ employees and other payees via electronic transfer, direct deposit, prepaid access and ADPCheck. In 2019, the Office of the Comptroller of Currency (the “OCC”) authorized us to open ADP Trust Company, National Association (the “ADP Trust Bank”), via a national trust bank charter pursuant to the National Bank Act. The ADP Trust Bank is the sole trustee of ADP Client Trust, our grantor trust which holds U.S. client funds, and is responsible for the oversight and management of those client funds. The ADP Trust Bank, and all of its fiduciary activities including the U.S. money movement it oversees and manages via ADP Client Trust, to comprehensive ongoing oversight and regulation by the OCC. In addition, our U.S. money movement managed by the ADP Trust Bank and our U.S. prepaid access offering are subject to the anti-money laundering and reporting provisions of The Bank Secrecy Act of 1970, as amended by the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 (the “BSA”). Elements is subject of our money movement activities outside of the United States are subject to licensing and similar anti-money laundering and reporting laws and requirements in certain countries in which we provide such services. Our employee background screening services business offers background checking services that are subject to the Fair Credit Reporting Act. ADP TotalSource is subject to various state licensing requirements and, as a Certified PEO, maintains certifications with the Internal Revenue Service. Because ADP TotalSource is a co-employer with respect to its clients’ worksite employees, we may be subject to certain obligations and responsibilities of an employer under federal and state tax, insurance and employment laws, including worksite employee payroll obligations and with respect to claimed employee retention and other tax credits. ADP Strategic Plan Services, LLC, our registered investment investment provides management and advisory services to retirement plan administrators under a heightened “fiduciary” standard and is regulated by the SEC and the U.S. Department of Labor. ADP Broker-Dealer, Inc., which supports our Retirement Services business, is a registered broker-dealer regulated by the Financial Industry Regulatory the SEC and Authority (FINRA). adviser, certain Our current and future offerings in the payments and/or consumer space may also subject us to additional laws and regulations, which could also require corresponding compliance programs and policies and dedicated resources. In addition, many of our businesses offer solutions that assist our clients in complying with certain U.S. and foreign laws and regulations that apply to them. Although these laws and regulations apply to our clients and not to ADP, changes in such laws or regulations may affect our operations, products and services. For example, our payroll services are designed to facilitate compliance with state laws and regulations applicable to the payment of wages. In addition, our HCM solutions help clients manage their compliance with certain requirements of the Affordable Care Act in the United States. Similarly, our Tax Credit Services business, which helps clients in the United States take advantage of tax credit opportunities in connection with the hiring of new employees and certain other activities, is based on federal, state or local tax laws and regulations allowing for tax credits, which are subject to renewal, amendment or rescission. We believe that key components of our compliance programs provide real competitive differentiators. For instance, our BCRs have enabled ADP to apply a global standard of data protection, simplifying data transfer processes and assisting our clients the demanding standards of data protection expected in Europe – a solution that most competitors cannot provide. Similarly, the ADP Client Trust and ADP Trust Bank provide client funds with a level of protection that most competitors cannot offer. We continue to expand our in meeting 13 approach to compliance and are adopting “Compliance by design” as a tenet that prioritizes compliance in designing and developing new solutions to support our clients. The foregoing description does not include an exhaustive list of the laws and regulations governing or impacting our business. See the discussion contained in the “Risk Factors” section in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information regarding changes in laws and regulations that could have a materially adverse effect on our reputation, results of operations or financial condition or have other adverse consequences. CLIENTS AND CLIENT CONTRACTS We provide services to more than 1 million clients. In fiscal 2023, no single client or group of affiliated clients accounted for revenues in excess of 2% of our annual consolidated revenues. in We are continuously the process of performing implementation services for new clients. Depending on the service agreement and/or the size of the client, the installation or conversion period for new clients can vary from a short period of time for a small Employer Services client (as little as 24 hours) to a longer period for a large Employer Services client with multiple deliverables (generally six to nine months). In some cases, based on a client's timeline, the period may exceed two years for a large, multi-country GlobalView client or other large, multi-phase implementation. Although we monitor sales that have not yet been installed, we do not view this metric as material to an understanding of our overall business in light of the recurring nature of our business. This metric is not a reported number, but it is used by management as a planning tool to allocate resources needed to install services, and as a means of assessing our performance against the expectations of our clients. In addition, some of our products and services are sold under longer-term contracts with initial terms ranging from two to seven years. However, this anticipated future revenue under contract is not a significant portion of our expected future revenue, is not a meaningful indicator of our future performance and is not material to management's estimate of our future revenue. Our business is typically characterized by long-term client relationships that result in recurring revenue. Our services are provided under written price quotations or service agreements having varying terms and conditions. No one price quotation or service agreement is material to us. Based on our retention levels in fiscal 2023, our client retention is estimated at approximately 13 years in Employer Services, and approximately 6 years in PEO. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT We continually upgrade, enhance, and expand our solutions and services. In general, new solutions and services supplement rather than replace our existing solutions and services and, given our recurring revenue model, do not have a material and immediate effect on our revenues. We believe that our strategic solutions and services have significant remaining life cycles. SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRAMMING During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we invested approximately $1.195 billion, $1.210 in systems billion and $1.016 billion, respectively, development and programming. These investments include expenses for activities such as the development of new products, maintenance expenses associated with our existing technologies, purchases of new software and software licenses, and additions to software resulting from business combinations. LICENSES We are the licensee under a number of agreements for computer programs and databases. Our business is not dependent upon a single license or group of licenses. Third-party licenses, patents, trademarks, and franchises are not material to our business as a whole. OUR HCM STRATEGY Our Human Capital Management (HCM) strategy is simple, our people are one of our most valuable assets and we are committed to valuing, developing and engaging them. Our Chief Human Resources Officer (CHRO), together with our Executive Leadership Team, manages our HCM strategy and related programs and initiatives, as well as our talent strategy. Our CHRO, along with our CEO, as 14 and regularly updates appropriate, supports our Compensation and Management Development Committee of the Board (“CMDC”) as well as the Board of Directors on HCM matters, including culture, engagement, and diversity, equity, inclusion and belonging. The CMDC is responsible for these matters, as well as our executive compensation program, management succession planning and talent development, and company-wide equity-based plans. Our Associates and Demographics As of June 30, 2023, our global team of associates consisted of approximately 63,000 persons. We track certain gender and racial demographics of our workforce and share them in our annual Global Corporate Social Responsibility (“CSR”) Report, which is available on our website. Nothing in our CSR Report shall be deemed incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our Culture and Values More than 70 years ago, our founders established the values that guide us today. These values have helped shape our one-of-a-kind culture, inclusiveness and which embraces diversity, equity, belonging. Our long-term business success is closely linked to our commitment to creating an environment in which our associates thrive, and that means we have to listen to and engage our associates. We conduct an annual culture survey, myVoice, where our associates can share their opinions on important topics, including client service, diversity, social responsibility, ethics, innovation and leadership. Along with many of our world-class clients, we leverage our innovative StandOut® powered by ADP platform, talent engagement, performance management and activation. We issue quarterly global to drive 15 StandOut® Engagement Pulse® and Performance Pulse® surveys to ensure that all associates can share with their leaders how their colleagues, and for us to get a snapshot of engagement across the globe. they feel about their work and The strength of our ADP team comes from what each one of us offers each other, our clients and our community. Through our myMoment Recognition Program, we give our associates the opportunity to recognize and celebrate each other when they demonstrate our values, drive our goals and go above and beyond in contributing to our collective success. Our global ADP Cares program, which is funded by the Company, the ADP Foundation and our generous associates, helps members of our team get through difficult, unforeseen events such as natural disasters and major illnesses. We also proudly support our associates that give back to our communities through paid volunteer time off and our donation matching program. Diversity, equity and inclusion are a cornerstone of our one-of-a-kind culture. We value diverse perspectives and believe that our associates and their best ideas thrive in a diverse and inclusive environment. We strive to reflect the diversity of the communities and clients we serve and are firmly focused on ensuring that all our associates are welcomed and enjoy a deep sense of belonging. We have a number of initiatives to strengthen and further cultivate our inclusive and diverse culture, starting with our Talent Task Force for all of our people leaders, which includes diversity goals for our senior leaders that are tied to their compensation as an incentive to diversify our leadership ranks. Our Workforce Diversity Initiative uses data analysis to identify and focus on opportunities to increase the number of underrepresented associates in our workforce to better reflect the communities we serve. Our voluntary business resource groups (BRGs), which cover a broad array of diverse associates that share common interests and experiences, make us stronger by promoting diversity and cultural awareness, accelerating associate engagement, retention and career development, helping build in our communities, and promoting the conservation and restoration of natural resources. relationships with diverse markets We have undertaken and implemented several initiatives that underpin our culture, values and talent practices, including: • Continuing to eliminate a college degree requirement to expand the applicant pool for non-specialized roles, such as those in our sales, service and implementation and technology organizations; • Launching ADP’s Impact Council, activating top executives to align their business unit practices and outcomes with our diversity, equity and inclusion strategy; and • Establishing partnerships with the National Black MBA Association, the United Negro College Fund, Prospanica, the Anita Borg Institute for Women and Technology and Disability:IN to further diversify our talent pipeline and educate and develop their members. In addition, we are deeply committed to fair and equitable pay, which is critical to creating a diverse, inclusive and engaging culture. We make pay decisions based on skills, job-related experience, the market value of the job and performance, and in the U.S. and Canada do not ask candidates for prior pay history, whether or not we are required to do so. Our commitment to building a better world of work and creating a workplace where everyone can thrive has led to recognition across the globe, including Fortune’s World’s Most Admired Companies (17 consecutive years); Best Place to Work for LGBTQ+ Equality (13 consecutive perfect the Human Rights Campaign Foundation’s Corporate Equality Index); DiversityInc Top 50 Companies for Diversity; Seramount’s Best Companies. for Multicultural Women; Barron’s 100 Most Sustainable Companies; and Newsweek’s America’s Most Responsible Companies. scores on Our Talent Strategy Our talent strategy is simple – we aim to attract, develop and retain ambitious, passionate and overall top talent by offering a place where our people can grow their careers, challenge themselves, share generously, take risks, and create positive change. This has allowed us to be consistently recognized by esteemed organizations as an employer of choice year after year. We invest in our team members so that they have the skills necessary to succeed and grow their careers. The ADP talent journey begins with an innovative, engaging and comprehensive onboarding process followed by extensive 16 training and mentorship. Thereafter, our associates can access a wide range of professional and functional skills training to further continue and enhance performance and career development. Our professional skills program provides on-demand and self-paced learning paths on key topics such as business acumen, client service, time management, teamwork and collaboration, communication is and career management. Our designed to help leaders build self-awareness, cultivate strong internal relationships, establish a leadership model that is unique to their strengths and achieve better decision- making using systems thinking. leadership program Our Benefits and Health and Wellness Programs The wide range of benefits and health and wellness programs we offer contribute to an environment where all our associates add to our success. Our associates receive a competitive benefits package, intended to help them enjoy physical, emotional and financial well-being and be productive members of their teams. While exact benefits vary by associate and region, they typically include health care coverage, a 401(k) plan with company matching contributions for U.S. associates, life insurance, paid time off and tuition reimbursement. We particularly emphasize benefits that support individual and family needs (parental leave, adoption/fertility benefits and caregiver support), and constantly update our programs according to our associates’ needs. We offer physical and mental wellness programs that help our team pursue a healthy lifestyle and reduce absenteeism and lost time due to injuries. Our efforts include a company-wide health and safety manual and website, safety education and training, and a wellness program that rewards associates for completing wellness activities. Physical and mental health initiatives vary across regions, but can include personal health checks, nutrition and fitness expert visits offering free consultation and programs, employee mental wellness assistance programs, free counseling and mental health therapy assistance for associates, and mindfulness classes. Available Information Our corporate website, www.adp.com, provides materials for investors and information about our solutions and services. ADP’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, all amendments to those reports, and the Proxy Statements for our Annual Meetings of Stockholders are made available, free of charge, on our corporate website as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports have been filed with or furnished the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and are also available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The content on any website referenced in this filing is not incorporated by reference into this filing unless expressly noted otherwise. to Item 1A. Risk Factors Our businesses routinely encounter and address risks, some of which may cause our future results to be different than we currently anticipate. The risk factors described below represent our current view of some of the most important risks facing our businesses and are important to understanding our business. The following information should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion includes a number of forward-looking statements. You should refer to the description of the qualifications and limitations on forward-looking statements in the first paragraph under Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See "Item 1. Business— Competition" of this Form 10-K for a discussion of the competitive environment in the markets in which we operate. Many risks affect more than one category, and the risks are not in order of significance or probability of occurrence because they have been grouped by categories. The risks described below are not the only risks we face and the occurrence of any of the following risks or other risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial could have a materially adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or reputation. LEGAL AND COMPLIANCE RISKS Failure to comply with, compliance with or changes in, laws and regulations applicable to our businesses could have a materially adverse effect on our reputation, results of operations or financial condition, or have other adverse consequences Our business is subject to a wide range of complex U.S. and foreign laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations described in the “Industry Regulation” section in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Failure to comply with laws and regulations applicable to our operations or client solutions and services could cause us to incur substantial costs or could result in the suspension or revocation of licenses or registrations, the limitation, suspension or termination of services, the imposition of consent orders or civil and criminal penalties, including fines, and lawsuits, including class actions, that could damage our reputation and have a materially adverse effect on our results of operation or financial condition. In addition, changes in laws or regulations, or changes in the interpretation of laws or regulations by a regulatory authority, may decrease our revenues and earnings and may require us to change the manner in which we conduct some aspects of our business. For example, a change in regulations either decreasing the amount of taxes to be 17 withheld or allowing less time to remit taxes to government authorities would adversely impact average client balances and, thereby, adversely impact interest income from investing client funds before such funds are remitted to the applicable taxing authorities. Changes in U.S. or foreign tax laws, regulations or rulings or the interpretation thereof could adversely affect our effective tax rate and our net income. Changes in laws, or interpretations thereof, that the co-employment arrangement between a govern professional employer organization and its worksite employees may require us to change the manner in which we conduct some aspects of our PEO business. In addition, changes in the manner in which health and welfare plans sponsored by PEOs or the TotalSource Health and Welfare Plan, in particular, are regulated could adversely impact the demand for our PEO offering. Because our PEO is a co-employer with our PEO clients and a Certified PEO by the Internal Revenue Service, we may be subject to certain obligations, responsibilities and liabilities of an employer with respect to Worksite Employees (WSE), including with respect to their wages and the payment thereof, the payment of certain taxes with respect to WSE wages and employee benefits provided to the WSEs. Even though PEO clients are contractually responsible for the timely remittance of such costs, it is possible that our clients will not remit such payments despite their contractual obligations. The risk of failing to receive such payments from PEO clients could be magnified during significant financial or other disruptions or catastrophic events, such as the failure of a bank, like that of Signature Bank or Silicon Valley Bank, with whom a significant number of PEO clients may bank at the time, or more widespread stress or failure within the U.S. banking system. Any such event could prevent or materially delay the recovery of any payments not timely remitted and could have an adverse impact on our financial results and liquidity. Our Wisely offerings and potentially other future offerings in the payments and/or consumer space may subject us to additional laws and regulations, some of which may not be uniform and may require us to modify or restrict our offerings and decrease our potential revenue and earnings. to comply with anti-corruption Failure laws and regulations, economic and trade sanctions, anti-money laundering laws and regulations, and similar laws could have a materially adverse effect on our reputation, results of operations or financial condition, or have other adverse consequences Regulators worldwide continue to exercise a high level of scrutiny with respect to anti-corruption, economic and trade sanctions, and anti-money laundering laws and regulations. Such scrutiny has resulted in aggressive laws and investigations and enforcement of such burdensome regulations, any of which could materially adversely impact our business. We operate our business around the world, including in numerous developing economies where companies and government officials are more likely to engage in business practices that are prohibited by domestic and foreign laws and regulations, including the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act 2010. Such laws generally prohibit improper payments or offers of payments to foreign government officials and leaders of political parties and, in some cases, to other persons, for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We are also subject to economic and trade sanctions programs, including those administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, which prohibit or restrict transactions or dealings with specified countries, their governments and, in certain circumstances, their nationals, and with individuals and entities that are specially designated, including narcotics traffickers and terrorists or terrorist organizations, among others. In addition, some of our businesses and entities in the U.S. and a number of other countries in which we operate are subject to anti- money laundering laws and regulations, including, for example, The Bank Secrecy Act of 1970, as amended by the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 (the “BSA”). Among other things, the BSA requires certain financial institutions, including banks and money services businesses (such as national trust banks and providers of prepaid access like us), to develop and implement risk-based anti-money laundering programs, report large cash transactions and suspicious activity, and maintain transaction records. We have registered our payroll card business as a provider of prepaid access, and registered our ADP Trust Bank with the Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN). We have implemented policies and procedures to monitor and address compliance with applicable anti-corruption, economic and trade sanctions and anti-money laundering laws and regulations, and we regularly review, upgrade and enhance our policies and procedures. However, there can be no assurance that our employees, consultants or agents will not take actions in violation of our policies for which we may be ultimately responsible, or that our policies and procedures will be adequate or will be determined to be adequate by regulators. Any violations of applicable anti- corruption, economic and trade sanctions or anti-money laundering laws or regulations could limit certain of our business activities until they are satisfactorily remediated and could result in civil and criminal penalties, including fines, which could damage our reputation and have a materially adverse effect on our results of operation or financial condition. Further, bank regulators continue to impose additional and stricter requirements on banks to ensure they are meeting their BSA obligations, and banks are increasingly viewing money services businesses and third-party senders to be higher risk customers for money laundering. As a result, our banking partners that assist in processing our money movement transactions may limit the scope of services they provide to us or may impose additional material requirements on us. These regulatory restrictions on banks and changes to banks’ internal risk- based policies and procedures may result in a decrease in 18 the number of banks that may do business with us, may require us to materially change the manner in which we conduct some aspects of our business, may decrease our revenues and earnings and could have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Failure to comply with privacy, data protection, artificial intelligence and cyber security laws and regulations could have a materially adverse effect on our reputation, results of operations or financial condition, or have other adverse consequences The collection, storage, hosting, transfer, processing, disclosure, use, security and retention and destruction of personal information required to provide our services is subject to federal, state and foreign privacy, data protection and cyber security laws. These laws, which are not uniform, generally do one or more of the following: regulate the collection, storage, hosting, transfer (including in some cases, the transfer outside the country of collection), processing, disclosure, use, security and retention and destruction of personal information; require notice to individuals of privacy practices; give individuals certain access and correction rights with respect to their personal information; and regulate the use or disclosure of personal information for secondary purposes such as marketing. Under certain circumstances, some of these laws require us to affected individuals, clients, data protection authorities and/or other regulators in the event of a data breach. In many cases, these laws apply not only to third-party transactions, but also to transfers of information among the Company and its subsidiaries. The European Union (the “EU”) General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”), and state consumer privacy laws like the California Privacy Rights Act of 2020 (the “CPRA”), are among the most comprehensive of these laws, and more and more jurisdictions are adopting similarly comprehensive laws that impose new data privacy protection requirements and restrictions. As part of our overall data protection compliance program in connection with the GDPR, we implemented Binding Corporate Rules (“BCRs”) as both a data processor and data controller, which permits us to process and transfer personal data across borders in compliance with EU data protection laws. to provide notification We believe that providing insights and content from data, including via artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), will become increasingly important to the value that our solutions and services deliver to our clients. We are increasingly leveraging AI and ML in our solutions and service delivery and are exploring how best to integrate generative AI technologies and develop and deploy capabilities that are beneficial to our clients and their employees. However, legislation that would govern the development and/or use of AI is under consideration in the U.S. at the state and local level, as well as abroad. In addition, self-regulatory frameworks like the National Institute of Standards and Technology AI Risk Management Framework are being promulgated and adherence to these may become an industry standard or a client expectation. As a result, the ability to provide data- driven insights and otherwise leverage AI and ML may be constrained by current or future laws, regulatory or self- regulatory considerations, or including our own published, guiding ethical principles regarding AI and ML, that could restrict or impose burdensome and costly requirements on our ability to leverage data and/or these technologies in innovative ways. requirements ethical to Complying with privacy, data protection, AI and cyber security laws and requirements, including the enhanced obligations imposed by the GDPR, our BCRs and the CPRA, may result in significant costs to our business and require us to amend certain of our business practices. Further, enforcement actions and investigations by regulatory authorities related to data security incidents and increase. The future privacy violations continue enactment of more restrictive laws, rules or regulations and/or future enforcement actions or investigations could have a materially adverse impact on us through increased costs or restrictions on our businesses and noncompliance could result in significant regulatory penalties and legal liability and damage our reputation. In addition, data security events, concerns about privacy abuses by other companies and increased awareness of the potential (positive and negative) of AI are changing consumer and social expectations for enhanced protections (including with respect to bias and potential discrimination). As a result, noncompliance, such the expectations or the perception of noncompliance or such failure, whether or not valid, may damage our reputation. to meet failure If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights, it could materially adversely affect our business and our brand trademark secret and Our ability to compete and our success depend, in part, intellectual property. We rely on patent, upon our copyright, laws, and trade confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, clients, vendors, partners and others to protect our intellectual property rights. We may need to devote significant resources, including cybersecurity resources, to monitoring our intellectual property rights. In addition, the steps we take to protect our intellectual property rights may be inadequate or ineffective, or may not provide us with a significant intellectual property could be wrongfully acquired as a result of a cyber-attack or other wrongful conduct by third parties or our personnel. Litigation brought to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights could be costly and time- consuming. Furthermore, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims, and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights, which advantage. Our competitive may be successful. In addition, use of AI tools may result in the release of confidential or proprietary information which could limit our ability to protect, or prevent us from protecting, our intellectual property rights. We may be sued by third parties for infringement of their proprietary rights, which could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations their property infringing intellectual There is considerable intellectual property development activity in our industry. Third parties, including our competitors, may own or claim to own intellectual property relating to our products or services and may claim that we are rights. Additionally, as we expand our use of AI, there is uncertainty regarding intellectual property ownership and license rights of AI algorithms and content generated by AI and we may become subject to similar claims of infringement. We may be found to be infringing upon third party intellectual property rights, even if we are unaware of their intellectual property rights. Any claims or litigation could cause us to incur significant expenses and, if successfully asserted against us or if we decide to settle, could require that we pay substantial damages or ongoing royalty payments, obtain licenses, modify applications, prevent us from offering our services, or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. We may also be obligated to indemnify our clients, vendors or partners in connection with any such claim or litigation. Even if we were to prevail in such a dispute, any litigation could be costly and time-consuming. SECURITY AND TECHNOLOGY RISKS Our businesses collect, host, store, transfer, process, disclose, use, secure and retain and dispose of personal and business information, and collect, hold and transmit client funds, and a security or privacy breach may damage or disrupt our businesses, result in the disclosure of confidential information, damage our reputation, increase our costs, cause losses and materially adversely affect our results of operations including payroll In connection with our business, we collect, host, store, transfer, process, disclose, use, secure and retain and dispose of large amounts of personal and business information about our clients, employees of our clients, our vendors and our employees, contractors and temporary staff, care information, personal and business financial data, social security numbers and their foreign equivalents, bank account numbers, tax information and other sensitive information. We also collect personal and business significant amounts of funds from the accounts of our clients and transmit them to their employees, taxing authorities and other third parties. information, health 19 We are focused on ensuring that we safeguard and protect personal and business information and client funds, and we devote significant resources to maintain and regularly update our systems and processes. Nonetheless, the global environment continues to grow increasingly hostile as attacks on information technology systems continue to grow in frequency, complexity and sophistication, and we are regularly targeted by unauthorized parties using malicious tactics, code and viruses. Certain of these malicious parties may be state-sponsored and/or supported by significant financial and technological resources. Although this is a global problem, it may affect our businesses more than other businesses because malevolent parties (including our personnel) may focus on the amount and type of personal and business information that our businesses collect, host, store, transfer, process, disclose, use, secure and retain and dispose of, and the client funds that we collect and transmit. We have programs and processes in place to prevent, detect and respond to data or cybersecurity incidents. However, as a result of the complexity of our operating environment, the period over which hardware and software has been acquired or other reasons, our programs and processes may not be sufficient or adequate or may fail to prevent, detect or respond to a cybersecurity incident or identify and/or remediate a security vulnerability in our operating environment. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems change frequently, are increasingly more complex and sophisticated (including due to the use of AI). We may fail to anticipate or detect these techniques and/or incidents for long periods of time and, even when we do so, we may be unable or fail to implement adequate or timely preventive or responsive measures. Our ability to address data or cybersecurity incidents may also depend on the timing and nature of assistance that may be provided from relevant governmental or law enforcement agencies. Hardware, software, applications or services that we develop or procure from third parties, or are required by third parties such as foreign governments to install on our systems, may contain defects in design or manufacture or other problems that could (or, in respect of third-party software, may be designed the confidentiality, integrity or availability of data or our systems. Unauthorized parties also attempt to gain access to our systems or facilities, or those of third parties with whom we do business, through fraud, trickery, or other methods of deceiving these third parties or our personnel, including phishing and other social engineering techniques whereby attackers use end-user behaviors to distribute computer viruses and malware into our systems or otherwise compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of data or our systems. As these threats continue to evolve and increase (including due to the use of AI), we continue to invest significant resources, and may be required to invest significant additional resources, to modify and enhance our information security and controls to) compromise In and any remediate investigate security and to vulnerabilities. addition, while our operating environments are designed to safeguard and protect confidential personal and business information, we may not have the ability to monitor the implementation or effectiveness of any safeguards by our clients, vendors or partners and, in any event, third parties may be able to circumvent those security measures. Information obtained by malevolent parties (including our personnel) resulting from successful attacks against our clients, vendors, partners or other third parties may, in turn, be used to attack our information technology systems. A cyberattack, unauthorized intrusion, malicious software infiltration, network disruption, denial of service, corruption of data, ransomware attack, theft of non-public or other sensitive information, or similar act by a malevolent party (including our personnel), or inadvertent acts or inactions by our vendors, partners or personnel, could result in the loss, disclosure or misuse of confidential personal or business information or the theft of client or ADP funds, which could have a materially adverse effect on our business or results of operations or that of our regulatory liability, clients, investigations and sanctions or a loss of confidence in our ability to serve clients, or cause current or potential clients to choose another service provider. As the global environment continues to grow increasingly hostile, the security of our operating environment is ever more important to our clients and potential clients. As a result, the breach or perceived breach of our security systems could result in a loss of confidence by our clients or potential clients and cause them to choose another service provider, which could have a materially adverse effect on our business. litigation, result in Although we believe that we maintain a robust program of information security and controls and none of the data or cybersecurity incidents that we have encountered to date have materially impacted us, a data or cyber security incident could have a materially adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and reputation. While ADP maintains insurance coverage that, subject to policy terms and conditions and a significant self-insured retention, is designed to address losses or claims that may arise in connection with certain aspects of data and cyber risks, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all types of claims that may arise in the continually evolving area of data and cyber risk. Our systems, applications, solutions and services may be subject to disruptions that could have a materially adverse effect on our business and reputation Many of our businesses are highly dependent on our ability to process, on a daily basis, a large number of complicated transactions. We rely heavily on our payroll, financial, 20 accounting, and other data processing systems. We need to properly manage our systems, applications and solutions, and any upgrades, enhancements and expansions we may undertake from time to time, in order to ensure they properly support our businesses. From time to time, these systems, applications or solutions fail to operate properly or become disabled. Any such failure or disablement, even for a brief period of time, whether due to malevolent acts, errors, defects or any other factor(s), could result in financial loss, a disruption of our businesses, liability to clients, loss of clients, regulatory intervention or damage to our reputation, any of which could have a materially adverse effect on our results of operation or financial condition. We have disaster recovery, business continuity, and crisis management plans and procedures designed to protect our businesses against a multitude of events, including natural disasters, military or terrorist actions, power or communication failures, or similar events. Despite our preparations, our plans and procedures may not be successful in preventing or mitigating the loss of client data or funds, service interruptions, disruptions to our operations, or damage to our important facilities. In addition, the severity of the failure or disablement may require us to replace or rebuild the affected system(s), application(s) or solution(s) and we may be unable to do so before it materially adversely affects our business. A disruption of the data centers or cloud-computing or other technology services or systems that we utilize could have a materially adverse effect on our business We host our applications and serve our clients with data centers that we operate, and with data centers that are operated, and cloud-computing and other technology services and systems that are provided, by third-party vendors. These data centers or cloud-computing and other technology services and systems have (and, in the future, may) failed, become disabled or been disrupted. Any failure, disablement or disruption, even for a limited period of time, could disrupt our businesses and we could suffer financial loss, liability to clients, loss of clients, regulatory intervention or damage to our reputation, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operation or financial condition. In addition, our third-party vendors may cease providing data center facilities or cloud-computing or other technology services or systems, their agreements with us on elect commercially reasonable terms or at all, breach their agreements with us or fail to satisfy our expectations, which could disrupt our operations and require us to incur costs which could materially adversely affect our results of operation or financial condition. to not renew BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY RISKS Our industry is subject to rapid technological change, including as a result of AI, and if we fail to upgrade, enhance and expand our technology and services to meet client needs and preferences, the demand for our solutions and services may materially diminish 21 to to In order the HCM third parties respond Our businesses operate in industries that are subject to rapid technological advances (such as AI) and changing client needs and preferences. remain to client demands, we competitive and responsive continually upgrade, enhance, and expand our technology, solutions and services, including by leveraging AI in our solutions. If we fail to respond successfully to technology challenges and client needs and preferences or our competitors or other to such challenges more quickly or successfully than us, the demand for our solutions and services may diminish. As new technologies (such as AI) continue to emerge, they industry. These may be disruptive technologies could result in new and innovative HCM products and solutions that could increase competition, place us at a competitive disadvantage or even render technology, products and solutions. In obsolete our addition, investment in product development and new technologies often involves a long return on investment cycle. We have made and expect to continue to make significant investments in product development and new technologies. We must continue to dedicate a significant amount of resources to our development efforts before knowing to what extent our investments will result in products the market will accept. In addition, our business could be adversely affected in periods surrounding our new product introductions if clients delay purchasing decisions to evaluate the new product offerings. Furthermore, we may not execute successfully on our product development strategy, including because of challenges with regard to product planning and timing and technical hurdles that we fail to overcome in a timely fashion. We may fail to realize all the economic benefit of our investment in the development of a product which could cause an impairment of goodwill or intangibles and result in a significant charge to earnings. We may not realize or sustain the expected benefits from our business transformation initiatives, and these efforts could have a materially adverse effect on our business, operations, financial condition, results of operations and competitive position We have been and will be undertaking certain transformation initiatives, which are designed to streamline our organization, extend our world-class distribution and strengthen our talent and culture, while supporting our revenue growth, margin improvement and productivity. If we do not successfully manage and execute these initiatives, or if they are inadequate or ineffective, we may fail to meet our financial goals and achieve anticipated benefits, improvements may be delayed, not sustained or not realized and our business, operations and competitive position could be adversely affected. These initiatives, or our failure to successfully manage them, could result in unintended consequences or unforeseen costs, including distraction of our management and employees, attrition, inability to attract or retain key personnel, and reduced employee productivity, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. A major natural disaster or catastrophic event could have a materially adverse effect on our business, operations, financial condition and results of operations, or have other adverse consequences Our business, operations, financial condition, results of operations, access to capital markets and borrowing costs may be adversely affected by a major natural disaster or catastrophic event, including civil unrest, geopolitical instability, war, terrorist attack, pandemics or other (actual or threatened) public health emergencies, extreme weather, such as droughts, hurricanes, flooding and wildfires (including as a result of climate change), or other events beyond our control, and measures taken in response thereto. The COVID-19 outbreak created, and such other events may create, significant volatility and uncertainty and economic and financial market disruption. The extent of any such impact depends on developments which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the duration and scope of the event; the governmental and business actions taken in response thereto; actions taken by the Company in response thereto and the related costs; the impact on economic activity and employment levels; the effect on our clients, prospects, suppliers and partners; our ability to sell and provide our solutions and services, including due to travel restrictions, business and facility closures, and employee remote working arrangements; the ability of our clients or prospects to pay for our services and solutions; and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume. In addition, clients or prospects may delay decision making, demand pricing and other concessions, reduce the value or duration of their orders, delay planned work or seek to terminate existing agreements. Our business is also impacted by employment levels across our clients, as we have varied contracts throughout our business that blend base fees and per-employee fees. Political, economic and social factors may materially adversely affect our business and financial results Trade, monetary and fiscal policies, and political and economic conditions may substantially change, and credit markets may experience periods of constriction and volatility. A slowdown in the economy or other negative changes, including in employment levels, the level of interest rates or the level of inflation, may have a negative impact on our businesses. In addition, as our operating costs increase due to inflationary pressure or otherwise, we may not be able to offset these increases by corresponding price increases for our products and solutions. Clients may react to worsening conditions by reducing their spending on HCM services or renegotiating their contracts with us, which may adversely affect our business and financial results. We invest our funds held for clients in liquid, investment- grade marketable securities, money market securities, and other cash equivalents. Nevertheless, such investments are subject to general market, interest rate, credit and liquidity risks. These risks may be exacerbated, individually or together, during periods of unusual financial market volatility. In addition, as part of our client funds investment strategy, we extend the maturities of our investment portfolio for client funds and utilize short-term financing arrangements to satisfy our short-term funding requirements related to client funds obligations. In order to satisfy these short-term funding requirements, we maintain access to various sources of liquidity, including borrowings under our commercial paper program and our committed credit facilities, our ability to execute reverse repurchase transactions and corporate cash balances. A reduction in the availability of any such financing during periods of disruption in the financial markets or otherwise may increase our borrowing costs and/or require us to sell available-for-sale securities in our funds held for clients to satisfy our short-term funding requirements. When there is a reduction in employment levels due to a slowdown in the economy, the Company may experience a decline in client fund obligations and may also sell available-for-sale securities in our funds held for clients in order to reduce the size of the funds held for clients to correspond to client fund obligations. A sale of such available-for-sale securities may result in the recognition of losses and reduce the interest income earned on funds held for clients, either or both of which may adversely impact our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow. In connection with our client funds assets investment strategy, we attempt to minimize the risk of not having funds collected from a client available at the time such client’s obligation becomes due by generally impounding the client’s funds at the time of payment of such client’s obligation. When we don’t impound client funds by the time we pay such client obligations (including for PEO clients with respect to which we are legally obligated for payroll and tax obligations in respect of WSEs as a Certified PEO), we are at risk of not recovering such funds or a material delay in such recovery. Such risk could be magnified during significant financial or other disruptions or catastrophic events, such as the failure of a bank with whom a significant number of clients may bank at the time or more widespread stress or failure within the U.S. banking system. Any such event could prevent or materially delay the recovery of any funds from clients and could have an adverse impact on our financial results and liquidity. We are dependent upon various large banks to execute electronic payments and wire transfers as part of our client payroll, tax and other money movement services. While we have contingency plans in place for bank failures, a 22 speculative market perceptions or other factors that do not necessarily reflect the underlying fundamentals and prospects of our business. We may be unable to attract and retain qualified personnel to grow and provide our clients with Our ability competitive services is, to an important degree, dependent on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled and motivated people reflecting diverse perspectives and the diversity of our communities and clients. Competition for skilled employees in the outsourcing and other markets in which we operate is increasingly intense, making it more difficult and expensive to attract and retain highly skilled, motivated and diverse personnel. If we are unable to attract and retain highly skilled, motivated and diverse personnel, results of our operations and culture may suffer. In addition, the nature of the office environment and remote or hybrid working is changing, which may make it more difficult to attract and retain personnel. It may also present operational and workplace culture challenges that may adversely affect our business. systemic shutdown of the banking industry would impede our ability to process funds on behalf of our payroll, tax and other money movement services clients and could have an adverse impact on our financial results and liquidity. We derive a significant portion of our revenues and operating income outside of the United States and, as a result, we are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates that could impact our results of operations, financial position and cash flows. information about our We publicly share certain environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) initiatives, including our net zero greenhouse gas emissions pledge. We may face increased scrutiny related to our ESG initiatives and any related targets, including from the investment community. In addition, our ability to achieve certain ESG initiatives and targets may depend on the actions or continuing requirements of governmental entities (e.g., our paperless initiatives may depend on whether certain states continue to require employers to offer employees to be paid via paper check or to obtain employee consent to be paid electronically instead of via paper check). Our failure to achieve progress in these and other ESG areas on a timely basis, or at all, could impact our reputation, business, including employee retention, and growth. Change in our credit ratings could adversely impact our operations and lower our profitability The major credit rating agencies periodically evaluate our creditworthiness and have given us strong, investment- grade long-term debt ratings and high commercial paper ratings. Failure to maintain high credit ratings on long-term and short-term debt could increase our cost of borrowing, reduce our ability to obtain intra-day borrowing required by our Employer Services business, and adversely impact our results of operations. Our business could be negatively impacted as a result of actions by activist stockholders or others We may be subject to actions or proposals from activist stockholders or others that may not align with our business strategies or the interests of our other stockholders. Responding to such actions could be costly and time- consuming, disrupt our business and operations, and divert the attention of our Board of Directors and senior management from the pursuit of our business strategies. Activist stockholders may create perceived uncertainties as to the future direction of our business or strategy, including with respect to our ESG efforts, which may be exploited by our competitors and may make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel, potential clients and business partners and may affect our relationships with current clients, vendors, investors and other third parties. In addition, actions of activist stockholders may cause periods of fluctuation in our stock price based on temporary or 23 Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None. Item 2. Properties ADP owns 7 of its processing/print centers, and 13 other operational offices, sales offices, and its corporate headquarters in Roseland, New Jersey, which aggregate approximately 2,975,188 square feet. None of ADP's owned facilities is subject to any material encumbrances. ADP leases space for some of its processing centers, other operational offices, and sales offices. All of these leases, which aggregate approximately 5,595,720 square feet worldwide, expire at various times up to the year 2033. ADP believes its facilities are currently adequate for their intended purposes and are adequately maintained. Item 3. Legal Proceedings In the normal course of business, ADP is subject to various claims and litigation. While the outcome of any litigation is inherently unpredictable, ADP believes that it has valid defenses with respect to the legal matters pending against it and that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a materially adverse impact on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. 24 Part II Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Market for Registrant's Common Equity The principal market for the Company’s common stock is the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol ADP. As of June 30, 2023, there were 32,322 holders of record of the Company’s common stock. As of such date, 1,442,988 additional holders held their common stock in “street name.” Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of the Publicly Announced Common Stock Repurchase Plan (2) Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Common Stock Repurchase Plan (2) (3) Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) Average Price Paid per Share 446,225 511,026 484,679 1,441,930 $215.30 $213.80 $222.16 441,377 509,837 464,818 1,416,032 $4,528,050,996 $4,419,043,544 $4,315,733,014 Period April 1, 2023 to April 30, 2023 May 1, 2023 to May 31, 2023 June 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023 Total (1) (2) During the three months ended June 30, 2023, pursuant to the terms of the Company’s restricted stock program, the Company purchased 25,898 shares at the then-market value of the shares to satisfy certain tax withholding requirements for employees upon the vesting of their restricted shares. The Company received the Board of Directors' approval to repurchase shares of the Company's common stock as follows: Date of Approval November 2022 $5 billion (3) Inclusive of the impact of the one-percent excise tax under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. There is no expiration date for the common stock repurchase authorization. For equity compensation plan information, please refer to Item 12 in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 25 Performance Graph The following graph compares the cumulative return on the Company’s common stock for the most recent five years with the cumulative return on the S&P 500 Index and the Peer Group Index,(a) assuming an initial investment of $100 on June 30, 2018, with all dividends reinvested. The stock price performance shown on this graph may not be indicative of future performance. (a) We use the Nasdaq Dividend Achievers Select Index as our Peer Group Index. The Nasdaq Dividend Achievers Select Index is a select group of companies, that includes the Company, with at least ten consecutive years of increasing annual regular dividend payments. Item 6. Selected Financial Data Not applicable. Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Tabular dollars are presented in millions, except per share amounts The following section discusses our year ended June 30, 2023 (“fiscal 2023”), as compared to year ended June 30, 2022 (“fiscal 2022”). A detailed review of our fiscal 2022 performance compared to our fiscal 2021 performance is set forth in Part II, Item 7 of our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS This document and other written or oral statements made from time to time by ADP may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Statements that are not historical in nature and which may be identified by the use of words like “expects,” “assumes,” “projects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “we believe,” “could” “is designed to” and other words of similar meaning, are forward-looking statements. These statements are based on management’s expectations and assumptions and depend upon or refer to future events or conditions and are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements or that could contribute to such difference include: ADP's success in obtaining and retaining clients, and selling additional services to clients; the pricing of products and services; the success of our new solutions; our ability to respond successfully to changes in technology, including artificial intelligence; compliance with existing or new legislation or regulations; changes in, or interpretations of, existing legislation or 26 regulations; overall market, political and economic conditions, including interest rate and foreign currency trends and inflation; competitive conditions; our ability to maintain our current credit ratings and the impact on our funding costs and profitability; security or cyber breaches, fraudulent acts, and system interruptions and failures; employment and wage levels; availability of skilled associates; the impact of new acquisitions and divestitures; the adequacy, effectiveness and success of our business transformation initiatives; the impact of any uncertainties related to major natural disasters or catastrophic events; and supply- chain disruptions. ADP disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. These risks and uncertainties, along with the risk factors discussed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” and in other written or oral statements made from time to time by ADP, should be considered in evaluating any forward-looking statements contained herein. NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES In addition to our U.S. GAAP results, we use adjusted results and other non-GAAP metrics to evaluate our operating performance in the absence of certain items and for planning and forecasting of future periods. Adjusted EBIT, adjusted EBIT margin, adjusted net earnings, adjusted diluted earnings per share, adjusted effective tax rate and organic constant currency are all non-GAAP financial measures. Please refer to the accompanying financial tables in the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section for a discussion of why ADP believes these measures are important and for a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to their comparable GAAP financial measures. EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW Highlights from the year ended June 30, 2023 include: 9% Revenue Growth 10% Organic Constant Currency Revenue Growth 160 basis points Earnings Before Income Taxes Margin Expansion 17% Diluted EPS Growth 130 basis points Adjusted EBIT Margin Expansion 17% Adjusted Diluted EPS Growth New Business Bookings Growth 6% PEO Services 10% Employer Services $3.0B Cash Returned via Shareholder Friendly Actions $1.9B Dividends | $1.1B Share Repurchases Average Worksite Employee Growth We are a leading global provider of cloud-based Human Capital Management (“HCM”) technology solutions to employers around the world. Our HCM solutions, which include both software and outsourcing services, are designed to help our clients manage their workforce through a dynamic business and regulatory landscape and the changing world of work. We continuously seek to enhance our leading HCM solutions to further support our clients. We see tremendous growth opportunity ahead as we focus on our three key Strategic Priorities: leading with best-in-class HCM technology, providing unparalleled expertise and outsourcing, and leveraging our global scale for the benefit of our clients. Executing on our Strategic Priorities will be critical to enabling our growth in the years ahead. During the fiscal year we drove strong progress across a number of key measures and in support of our overall Strategic Priorities. We crossed a major milestone, surpassing the 1 million client mark, driven by continued enhancements to our key solutions like RUN and Workforce Now. We continued the deployment of our unified User Experience to key portions of our portfolio such as the RUN mobile app. We were awarded Top HR Product for the 8th consecutive year at the annual HR Tech Conference, in recognition for our recently launched Intelligent Self Service Solution. And our HR Outsourcing businesses continued to grow, now with over 3 million worksite employees served. 27 For fiscal 2023, we delivered solid revenue growth of 9%, 10% organic constant currency. Our pays per control metric, which represents the number of employees on ADP clients' payrolls in the United States when measured on a same-store-sales basis for a subset of clients ranging from small to large businesses, grew 4.7% for the year ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the year ended June 30, 2022. PEO average worksite employees increased 6% for the year ended June 30, 2023, as compared to the year ended June 30, 2022. Additionally, our strong ES new business bookings performance resulted in full year fiscal 2023 growth of 10%, and client satisfaction gains resulted in a full year ES client revenue retention rate of 92.2%, equal to the highest level we have ever reported. We believe these results are largely attributable to improvements made to our platforms and service over multiple years. We have a strong business model, generating significant cash flows with low capital intensity, and offer a suite of products that provide critical support to our clients’ HCM functions. We generate sufficient free cash flow to satisfy our cash dividend and our modest debt obligations, which enables us to absorb the impact of downturns and remain steadfast in our re-investments, longer term strategy, and commitments to shareholder friendly actions. We are committed to building upon our past successes by investing in our business through enhancements in research and development and by driving meaningful transformation in the way we operate. Our financial condition remains solid at June 30, 2023 and we remain well positioned to support our associates and our clients. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS OF CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS Total Revenues For the year ended June 30, respectively: Total Revenues YoY Growth YoY Growth, Organic Constant Currency Years Ended June 30, 2023 18,012.2 2022 16,498.3 9 % 10 % 10 % 10 % Revenues in fiscal 2023 increased due to new business started from New Business Bookings, an increase in zero-margin benefits pass-throughs, an increase in our pays per control, continued strong client retention, an increase in interest on funds held for clients, and an increase in pricing, partially offset by an unfavorable impact of one percentage point from foreign currency. Refer to “Analysis of Reportable Segments” for additional discussion of the changes in revenue for each of our reportable segments, Employer Services and Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”) Services. Total revenues in fiscal 2023 include interest on funds held for clients of $813.4 million, as compared to $451.8 million in fiscal 2022. The increase in interest earned on funds held for clients resulted from an increase in our average interest rate earned to 2.4% in fiscal 2023, as compared to 1.4% in fiscal 2022, coupled with an increase in our average client funds balances of 5.1% to $34.1 billion in fiscal 2023 as compared to fiscal 2022. 28 Total Expenses Costs of revenues: Operating expenses Systems development and programming costs Depreciation and amortization Total costs of revenues Selling, general and administrative expenses Interest expense Total expenses For the year ended June 30: Years Ended June 30, 2023 2022 % Change $ 8,657.4 $ 8,252.6 844.8 451.2 9,953.4 3,551.4 253.3 798.6 410.7 9,461.9 3,233.2 81.9 $ 13,758.1 $ 12,777.0 5 % 6 % 10 % 5 % 10 % 209 % 8 % Operating expenses increased due to an increase in our PEO Services zero-margin benefits pass-through costs to $3,800.9 million from $3,514.4 million for the years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Additionally, operating expenses increased due to increased costs to service our client base in support of our growing revenue, partially offset by the impact of foreign currency and a net reduction of $12.3 million in our estimated losses related to ADP Indemnity. Systems development and programming costs increased for fiscal 2023 due to increased investments and costs to develop, support, and maintain our new and existing products. Depreciation and amortization expenses increased due to the amortization of internally developed software products and new investments in purchased software. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased due to increased selling expenses as a result of investments in our sales organization, increased marketing expenses, and a reversal of COVID-19 credit loss reserves of $26.0 million in 2022, partially offset by the impact of foreign currency. Interest expense increased due to the increase in average interest rates on commercial paper issuances and reverse repurchases to 3.7% and 4.3% for the year ended June 30, 2023, as compared to 0.4% and 0.7% for the year ended June 30, 2022, respectively, also coupled with a higher volume of average commercial paper and reverse repurchase borrowings, as compared to the year ended June 30, 2022. Other (Income)/Expense, net Years ended June 30, Interest income on corporate funds Realized losses/(gains) on available-for-sale securities, net Impairment of assets Gain on sale of assets Non-service components of pension income, net Other (income)/expense, net 2023 2022 $ Change $ (149.5) $ (41.0) $ 108.5 14.7 2.1 — 4.4 23.0 (7.5) (10.3) 20.9 (7.5) (50.8) (61.7) (10.9) $ (183.5) $ (82.8) $ 100.7 Interest income on corporate funds increased in fiscal 2023, as compared to fiscal 2022, due to higher average interest rates of 2.4% for the year ended June 30, 2023, as compared to 1.0% for the year ended June 30, 2022, coupled with higher average investment balances for the year ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the year ended June 30, 2022. See Note 10 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on non-service components of pension income, net. 29 In fiscal 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $23.0 million, which is comprised of $12.1 million related to software and customer lists which were determined to have no future use and impairment charges of $10.9 million related to operating right-of-use assets associated with exiting certain leases early. Earnings Before Income Taxes ("EBIT") and Adjusted EBIT For the year ended June 30, respectively: EBIT EBIT Margin Adjusted EBIT Adjusted EBIT Margin Years Ended June 30, 2023 $ 4,437.6 2022 $ 3,804.1 24.6 % 23.1 % $ 4,467.9 $ 3,871.8 24.8 % 23.5 % YoY Growth 17 % 160 bps 15 % 130 bps Earnings before income taxes increased due to the increases in revenues partially offset by the increases in expenses discussed above. Overall margin increased due to increases in revenues discussed above, and operating efficiencies for costs of servicing our clients on growing revenue, partially offset by increased selling expenses, increased interest expense, and increases in zero- margin pass through costs. Adjusted EBIT and Adjusted EBIT margin exclude interest income and interest expense that are not related to our client funds extended investment strategy, and net charges, including gain on sale of assets related to our broad-based transformation initiatives and the impact of net severance charges relating to these initiatives, as applicable, in the respective periods. Provision for Income Taxes The effective tax rate in fiscal 2023 and 2022 was 23.1% and 22.5%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily due to an intercompany transfer of certain assets that resulted in a lower effective tax rate in fiscal 2022 and higher reserves for uncertain tax positions in fiscal 2023. Refer to Note 11, Income Taxes, within the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion. Adjusted Provision for Income Taxes The adjusted effective tax rate in fiscal 2023 and 2022 was 23.1% and 22.5%, respectively. The drivers of the adjusted effective tax rate are the same as the drivers of the effective tax rate discussed above. Net Earnings and Diluted EPS, Unadjusted and Adjusted For the year ended June 30, respectively: Net earnings Diluted EPS Adjusted net earnings Adjusted diluted EPS 30 Years Ended June 30, 2023 2022 $ 3,412.0 $ 2,948.9 7.00 $ 8.21 $ $ 3,419.5 $ 2,951.6 $ 8.23 $ 7.01 YoY Growth 16 % 17 % 16 % 17 % Adjusted net earnings and adjusted diluted EPS reflect the changes in components described above. Diluted EPS increased as a result of the increase in net earnings and the impact of fewer shares outstanding resulting from the repurchase of approximately 4.9 million shares during fiscal 2023 and 9.2 million shares during fiscal 2022, partially offset by the issuances of shares under our employee benefit plans. For fiscal 2023, adjusted net earnings and adjusted diluted EPS reflect the changes in components described above. ANALYSIS OF REPORTABLE SEGMENTS Employer Services PEO Services Other Employer Services PEO Services Other Employer Services PEO Services n/m - not meaningful Revenues Years Ended June 30, 2023 2022 $ 12,042.6 $ 10,967.7 5,984.2 5,545.7 (14.6) (15.1) $ 18,012.2 $ 16,498.3 % Change As Reported Organic Constant Currency 10 % 8 % n/m 9 % 11 % 8 % n/m 10 % Earnings before Income Taxes Years Ended June 30, 2023 2022 % Change As Reported $ 3,974.2 $ 3,406.3 871.2 (473.4) 977.3 (513.9) $ 4,437.6 $ 3,804.1 17 % 12 % n/m 17 % Margin Years Ended June 30, 2023 2022 33.0 % 16.3 % 31.1 % 15.7 % YoY Growth 190 bps 60 bps 31 Employer Services Revenues Revenues increased due to new business started from New Business Bookings, an increase in our pays per control of 5%, continued strong client retention, an increase in interest earned on funds held for clients, and an increase in pricing, partially offset by an unfavorable impact of one percentage point from foreign currency. Earnings before Income Taxes Employer Services' earnings before income taxes increased in fiscal 2023 due to increased revenues discussed above, partially offset by increases in expenses. The increases in expenses were due to increased costs to service our client base in support of our growing revenue, increases in selling expenses, and investments and costs to develop, support, and maintain our new and existing products. Margin Employer Services' margin increased due to increases in revenues discussed above, and operating efficiencies for costs of servicing our clients on growing revenue, partially offset by an increase in selling expenses. PEO Services Revenues PEO Services' revenues Less: PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs Years Ended June 30, 2023 2022 $ 5,984.2 $ 5,545.7 $ 3,800.9 3,514.4 PEO Services' revenues excluding zero-margin benefits pass-throughs $ 2,183.3 $ 2,031.3 $ Change $ 438.5 286.5 152.0 % 8 % 8 % 7 % PEO Revenues PEO Services' revenues increased 8% for fiscal 2023 due to increases in average worksite employees of 6% for fiscal 2023, as compared to fiscal 2022, and due to an increase in zero-margin benefits pass-throughs. Earnings before Income Taxes PEO Services’ earnings before income taxes increased 12% in fiscal 2023 due to increases in revenues discussed above and a net reduction of $12.3 million in our estimated losses related to ADP Indemnity, partially offset by the increases in zero-margin benefits pass-throughs of $286.5 million for fiscal 2023. Margin PEO Services' overall margin increased for fiscal 2023 due to increases in revenues discussed above, lower state unemployment and workers compensation insurance costs, and changes in our estimated losses related to ADP Indemnity, partially offset by increases in selling expenses. 32 ADP Indemnity provides workers’ compensation and employer’s liability deductible reimbursement insurance protection for PEO Services’ worksite employees up to $1 million per occurrence. PEO Services has secured a workers’ compensation and employer’s liability insurance policy that caps the exposure for each claim at $1 million per occurrence and has also secured aggregate stop loss insurance that caps aggregate losses at a certain level in fiscal years 2012 and prior from an admitted and licensed insurance company of AIG. We utilize historical loss experience and actuarial judgment to determine the estimated claim liability, and changes in estimated ultimate incurred losses are included in the PEO segment. Additionally, starting in fiscal year 2013, ADP Indemnity paid premiums to enter into reinsurance arrangements with ACE American Insurance Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chubb Limited (“Chubb”), to cover substantially all losses incurred by the Company up to the $1 million per occurrence related to the workers' compensation and employer's liability deductible reimbursement insurance protection for PEO Services' worksite employees. Each of these reinsurance arrangements limits our overall exposure incurred up to a certain limit. The Company believes the likelihood of ultimate losses exceeding this limit is remote. During fiscal 2023, ADP Indemnity paid a premium of $284 million to enter into a reinsurance arrangement with Chubb to cover substantially all losses incurred by ADP Indemnity for the fiscal 2023 policy year up to $1 million per occurrence. ADP Indemnity recorded a pre-tax benefit of approximately $73 million in fiscal 2023 and a pre-tax benefit of approximately $61 million in fiscal 2022, which were primarily a result of changes in our estimated actuarial losses. ADP Indemnity paid a premium of $269 million in July 2023, to enter into a reinsurance agreement with Chubb to cover substantially all losses incurred by ADP Indemnity for fiscal 2024 policy year on terms substantially similar to the fiscal 2023 reinsurance policy. Other The primary components of “Other” are certain corporate overhead charges and expenses that have not been allocated to the reportable segments, including corporate functions, costs related to our transformation office, severance costs, non-recurring gains and losses, the elimination of intercompany transactions, and all other interest income and expense. Non-GAAP Financial Measures In addition to our GAAP results, we use the adjusted results and other non-GAAP metrics set forth in the table below to evaluate our operating performance in the absence of certain items and for planning and forecasting of future periods: Adjusted Financial Measures U.S. GAAP Measures Adjusted EBIT Adjusted provision for income taxes Adjusted net earnings Adjusted diluted earnings per share Adjusted effective tax rate Organic constant currency Net earnings Provision for income taxes Net earnings Diluted earnings per share Effective tax rate Revenues We believe that the exclusion of the identified items helps us reflect the fundamentals of our underlying business model and analyze results against our expectations and against prior periods, and to plan for future periods by focusing on our underlying operations. We believe that the adjusted results provide relevant and useful information for investors because it allows investors to view performance in a manner similar to the method used by management and improves their ability to understand and assess our operating performance. The nature of these exclusions is for specific items that are not fundamental to our underlying business operations. Since these adjusted financial measures and other non-GAAP metrics are not measures of performance calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, they should not be considered in isolation from, as a substitute for, or superior to their corresponding U.S. GAAP measures, and they may not be comparable to similarly titled measures at other companies. 33 Net earnings Adjustments: Provision for income taxes All other interest expense (a) All other interest income (a) Transformation initiatives (b) Legal settlements (c) Adjusted EBIT Adjusted EBIT Margin Provision for income taxes Adjustments: Transformation initiatives (d) Legal settlements Adjusted provision for income taxes Adjusted effective tax rate (e) Net earnings Adjustments: Transformation initiatives (b) Income tax (benefit)/provision for transformation initiatives (d) Legal settlements (c) Income tax (benefit)/provision for legal settlements (d) Adjusted net earnings Diluted EPS Adjustments: Transformation initiatives (b) (d) Legal settlements (c) (d) Adjusted diluted EPS Years Ended June 30, % Change 2023 2022 As Reported $ 3,412.0 $ 2,948.9 16 % 1,025.6 70.9 (50.5) 8.7 1.2 855.2 71.3 (7.1) 3.5 — $ 4,467.9 $ 3,871.8 15 % 24.8 % 23.5 % $ 1,025.6 $ 855.2 20 % 2.2 0.2 0.8 — $ 1,028.0 $ 856.0 20 % 23.1 % 22.5 % $ 3,412.0 $ 2,948.9 16 % 8.7 (2.2) 1.2 (0.2) 3,419.5 8.21 0.02 — $ $ $ $ $ 8.23 $ 3.5 (0.8) — — 2,951.6 7.00 0.01 — 7.01 16 % 17 % 17 % (a) In adjusted EBIT, we include the interest income earned on investments associated with our client funds extended investment strategy and interest expense on borrowings related to our client funds extended investment strategy as we believe these amounts to be fundamental to the underlying operations of our business model. The adjustments in the table above represent the interest income and interest expense that are not related to our client funds extended investment strategy and are labeled as “All other interest expense” and “All other interest income.” (b) In fiscal 2023, the charges include consulting costs relating to our company-wide transformation initiatives, partially offset by net reversals relating to severance. Unlike other severance charges which are not included as an adjustment to get to adjusted results, these specific charges relate to actions taken as part of our broad-based, company-wide transformation initiatives. (c) Represents net charges (reserves and insurance recovery) from legal matters during fiscal 2023. (d) The income tax (benefit)/provision was calculated based on the marginal rate in effect for the year ended June 30, 2023. (e) The Adjusted effective tax rate is calculated as our Adjusted provision for income taxes divided by the sum of our Adjusted net earnings plus our Adjusted provision for income taxes. The following table reconciles our reported growth rates to the non-GAAP measure of organic constant currency, which excludes the impact of acquisitions, the impact of dispositions, and the impact of foreign currency. The impact of acquisitions and dispositions is calculated by excluding the current year revenues of acquisitions until the one-year anniversary of the transaction and by excluding the prior year revenues of divestitures for the one-year period preceding the transaction. The impact of foreign currency is determined by calculating the current year results using foreign exchange rates consistent with the 34 prior year. The PEO segment is not impacted by acquisitions, dispositions or foreign currency. Consolidated revenue growth as reported Adjustments: Impact of acquisitions Impact of foreign currency Consolidated revenue growth, organic constant currency Employer Services revenue growth as reported Adjustments: Impact of acquisitions Impact of foreign currency Employer Services revenue growth, organic constant currency Year Ended June 30, 2023 9 % — % 1 % 10 % 10 % — % 1 % 11 % FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES As of June 30, 2023, cash and cash equivalents were $2.1 billion, which were primarily invested in time deposits and money market funds. For corporate liquidity, we expect existing cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term marketable securities, cash flow from operations together with our $9.7 billion of committed credit facilities and our ability to access both long-term and short- term debt financing from the capital markets will be adequate to meet our operating, investing, and financing activities such as regular quarterly dividends, share repurchases, and capital expenditures for the foreseeable future. Our financial condition remains solid at June 30, 2023 and we have sufficient liquidity. For client funds liquidity, we have the ability to borrow through our financing arrangements under our U.S. short-term commercial paper program and our U.S., Canadian and United Kingdom short-term reverse repurchase agreements, together with our $9.7 billion of committed credit facilities and our ability to use corporate liquidity when necessary to meet short-term funding requirements related to client funds obligations. Please see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” for a further discussion of the risks related to our client funds extended investment strategy. See Note 8 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our short-term financing including commercial paper. Operating, Investing and Financing Cash Flows Our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities, as reflected in the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows are summarized as follows: Cash provided by (used in): Operating activities Investing activities Financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents Net change in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents Years ended June 30, 2023 2022 $ Change $ 4,207.6 $ 3,099.5 $ (2,517.3) (7,014.4) 1,108.1 4,497.1 (15,680.7) 13,653.4 (29,334.1) (21.1) (98.7) 77.6 $ (14,011.5) $ 9,639.8 $ (23,651.3) 35 Net cash flows provided by operating activities increased due to growth in our underlying business (net income adjusted for non-cash adjustments), and a net favorable change in the components of operating assets and liabilities primarily due to timing on collections of accounts receivable, and a decrease in incentive compensation payments, as compared to the year ended June 30, 2022. Net cash flows used in investing activities changed due to the timing of proceeds and purchases of corporate and client funds marketable securities of $4,570.2 million, offset by higher payments for capital expenditures in fiscal 2023, and the sale of property, plant, and equipment in fiscal 2022. Net cash flows used in financing activities changed due to a net decrease in the cash flow from client funds obligations of $29,759.5 million, which is due to the timing of impounds from our clients and payments to our clients' employees and other payees, an increase in dividends paid, and a net decrease in reverse repurchase agreements borrowing, offset by a decrease in repurchases of common stock in fiscal 2023. We purchased approximately 4.9 million shares of our common stock at an average price per share of $227.30 during fiscal 2023, as compared to purchases of 9.2 million shares at an average price per share of $214.40 during fiscal 2022. From time to time, the Company may repurchase shares of its common stock under its authorized share repurchase program. The Company considers several factors in determining when to execute share repurchases, including, among other things, actual and potential acquisition activity, cash balances and cash flows, issuances due to employee benefit plan activity, and market conditions. Capital Resources and Client Fund Obligations We have $3.0 billion of senior unsecured notes with maturity dates in 2025, 2028, and 2030. We may from time to time revisit the long-term debt market to refinance existing debt, finance investments including acquisitions for our growth, and maintain the appropriate capital structure. However, there can be no assurance that volatility in the global capital and credit markets would not impair our ability to access these markets on terms acceptable to us, or at all. See Note 9 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our notes. Our U.S. short-term funding requirements related to client funds are sometimes obtained on an unsecured basis through the issuance of commercial paper, rather than liquidating previously-collected client funds that have already been invested in available-for-sale securities. This commercial paper program provides for the issuance of up to $9.7 billion in aggregate maturity value. Our commercial paper program is rated A-1+ by Standard and Poor’s, Prime-1 (“P-1”) by Moody’s and F1+ by Fitch. These ratings denote the highest quality commercial paper securities. Maturities of commercial paper can range from overnight to up to 364 days. At June 30, 2023 and 2022, we had no commercial paper borrowing outstanding. Details of the borrowings under the commercial paper program are as follows: Years ended June 30, Average daily borrowings (in billions) Weighted average interest rates Weighted average maturity (approximately in days) 2023 2022 $ $ 3.4 3.7 % 2 days 2.0 0.4 % 1 day Our U.S., Canadian, and United Kingdom short-term funding requirements related to client funds obligations are sometimes obtained on a secured basis through the use of reverse repurchase agreements, which are collateralized principally by government and government agency securities, rather than liquidating previously-collected client funds that have already been invested in available-for-sale securities. These agreements generally have terms ranging from overnight to up to five business days. We have successfully borrowed through the use of reverse repurchase agreements on an as-needed basis to meet short- term funding requirements related to client funds obligations. At June 30, 2023 and 2022, there were $105.4 million and $136.4 million, respectively, of outstanding obligations related to the reverse repurchase agreements. Details of the reverse repurchase agreements are as follows: Years ended June 30, Average outstanding balances Weighted average interest rates 2023 $ 1,279.9 2022 299.6 $ 4.3 % 0.7 % We vary the maturities of our committed credit facilities to limit the refinancing risk of any one facility. We have a $4.25 billion, 364-day credit agreement that matures in June 2024 with a one year term-out option. In addition, we have a five-year $3.2 billion credit facility and a five-year $2.25 billion credit facility maturing in June 2026 and June 2028, respectively, each with an accordion feature under which the aggregate commitment can be increased by $500 million, subject to the availability 36 of additional commitments. The primary uses of the credit facilities are to provide liquidity to the commercial paper program and funding for general corporate purposes, if necessary. We had no borrowings through June 30, 2023 under the credit facilities. We believe that we currently meet all conditions set forth in the revolving credit agreements to borrow thereunder, and we are not aware of any conditions that would prevent us from borrowing part or all of the $9.7 billion available to us under the revolving credit agreements. See Note 8 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our short-term financing including credit facilities. Our investment portfolio does not contain any asset-backed securities with underlying collateral of sub-prime mortgages, alternative-A mortgages, sub-prime auto loans or sub-prime home equity loans, collateralized debt obligations, collateralized loan obligations, credit default swaps, derivatives, auction rate securities, structured investment vehicles or non-investment grade fixed-income securities. We own AAA-rated senior tranches of primarily fixed rate auto loan, credit card, and equipment lease receivables, secured predominantly by prime collateral. All collateral on asset-backed securities is performing as expected through June 30, 2023. In addition, we own U.S. government securities which primarily include debt directly issued by Federal Farm Credit Banks and Federal Home Loan Banks. Our client funds investment strategy is structured to allow us to average our way through an interest rate cycle by laddering the maturities of our investments out to five years (in the case of the extended portfolio) and out to ten years (in the case of the long portfolio). This investment strategy is supported by our short-term financing arrangements necessary to satisfy short-term funding requirements relating to client funds obligations. See Note 4 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our corporate investments and funds held for clients. Capital expenditures for fiscal 2023 were $206.0 million, as compared to $177.1 million for fiscal 2022. We expect capital expenditures in fiscal 2024 to be between $200 million and $225 million. Contractual Obligations Our contractual obligations at June 30, 2023 relate primarily to operating leases (Note 6) and other arrangements recorded in our balance sheet or disclosed in the notes to our financial statements, including benefit plan obligations (Note 10), liabilities for uncertain tax positions (Note 11), purchase obligations (Note 12), debt obligations (Note 9) and $263.5 million of interest payments of our debt, of which $64.3 million is expected to be paid within one year. In addition to the obligations described above, we had obligations for the remittance of funds relating to our payroll and payroll tax filing services. As of June 30, 2023, the obligations relating to these matters, which are expected to be paid in fiscal 2024, total $38,538.6 million and were recorded in client funds obligations on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We had $36,333.6 million of cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities that were impounded from our clients to satisfy such obligations recorded in funds held for clients on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023. Separately, ADP Indemnity paid a premium of $269 million in July 2023 to enter into a reinsurance agreement with Chubb to cover substantially all losses incurred by ADP Indemnity for the fiscal 2024 policy year. At June 30, 2023, ADP Indemnity had total assets of $660.8 million to satisfy the actuarially estimated unpaid losses of $552.3 million for the policy years since July 1, 2003. ADP Indemnity paid claims of $0.8 million and $1.8 million, net of insurance recoveries, in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. Refer to the “Analysis of Reportable Segments - PEO Services” above for additional information regarding ADP Indemnity. In the normal course of business, we also enter into contracts in which we make representations and warranties that relate to the performance of our services and products. We do not expect any material losses related to such representations and warranties. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Our overall investment portfolio is comprised of corporate investments (cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term marketable securities) and client funds assets (funds that have been collected from clients but have not yet been remitted to the applicable tax authorities, client employees or other payees). Our corporate investments are invested in cash and cash equivalents and highly liquid, investment-grade marketable securities. These assets are available for our regular quarterly dividends, share repurchases, capital expenditures and/or acquisitions, as well as other corporate operating purposes. All of our short-term and long-term fixed-income securities are classified as available-for-sale securities. Our client funds assets are invested with safety of principal, liquidity, and diversification as the primary objectives. Consistent with those objectives, we also seek to maximize interest income and to minimize the volatility of interest income. Client funds 37 assets are invested in highly liquid, investment-grade marketable securities, with a maximum maturity of 10 years at the time of purchase, and money market securities and other cash equivalents. We utilize a strategy by which we extend the maturities of our investment portfolio for funds held for clients and employ short- term financing arrangements to satisfy our short-term funding requirements related to client funds obligations. Our client funds investment strategy is structured to allow us to average our way through an interest rate cycle by laddering the maturities of our investments out to five years (in the case of the extended portfolio) and out to ten years (in the case of the long portfolio). As part of our client funds investment strategy, we use the daily collection of funds from our clients to satisfy other unrelated client funds obligations, rather than liquidating previously-collected client funds that have already been invested in available-for-sale securities. In circumstances where we experience a reduction in employment levels due to a slowdown in the economy, we may make tactical decisions to sell certain securities in order to reduce the size of the funds held for clients to correspond to client funds obligations. We attempt to minimize the risk of not having funds collected from a client available at the time such client’s obligation becomes due by generally impounding the client’s funds by the time we pay such client’s obligation. When we don’t impound client funds in advance of paying such client obligations, we are at risk of not recovering such funds or a material delay in such recovery. Through our clients funds investment strategy and client impounding processes, we have consistently maintained the required level of liquidity to satisfy all of our obligations. There are inherent risks and uncertainties involving our investment strategy relating to our client funds assets. Such risks include liquidity risk, including the risk associated with our ability to liquidate, if necessary, our available-for-sale securities in a timely manner in order to satisfy our client funds obligations. However, our investments are made with the safety of principal, liquidity, and diversification as the primary goals to minimize the risk of not having sufficient funds to satisfy all of our client funds obligations. We also believe we have significantly reduced the risk of not having sufficient funds to satisfy our client funds obligations by consistently maintaining access to other sources of liquidity, including our corporate cash balances, available borrowings under our $9.7 billion commercial paper program (rated A-1+ by Standard and Poor’s, P-1 by Moody’s, and F1+ by Fitch, the highest possible short-term credit ratings), our ability to engage in reverse repurchase agreement transactions and available borrowings under our $9.7 billion committed credit facilities. The reduced availability of financing during periods of economic turmoil, even to borrowers with the highest credit ratings, may limit our ability to access short-term debt markets to meet the liquidity needs of our business. In addition to liquidity risk, our investments are subject to interest rate risk and credit risk, as discussed below. We have established credit quality, maturity, and exposure limits for our investments. The minimum allowed credit rating at time of purchase for corporate, Canadian government agency and Canadian provincial bonds is BBB, for asset-backed securities is AAA, and for municipal bonds is A. The maximum maturity at time of purchase for BBB-rated securities is 5 years, and for single A rated, AA-rated and AAA-rated securities it is 10 years. Time deposits and commercial paper must be rated A-1 and/or P-1. Money market funds must be rated AAA/Aaa-mf. Details regarding our overall investment portfolio are as follows: Years ended June 30, Average investment balances at cost: Corporate investments Funds held for clients Total Average interest rates earned exclusive of realized losses/(gains) on: Corporate investments Funds held for clients Total 2023 2022 $ 6,293.9 34,142.8 $ 4,241.3 32,480.3 $ 40,436.7 $ 36,721.6 2.4 % 2.4 % 2.4 % 1.0 % 1.4 % 1.3 % Net realized losses/(gains) on available-for-sale securities 14.7 4.4 38 As of June 30: Net unrealized pre-tax (losses)/gains on available-for-sale securities $ (2,206.9) $ (1,721.4) Total available-for-sale securities at fair value $ 29,764.9 $ 28,391.6 We are exposed to interest rate risk in relation to securities that mature, as the proceeds from maturing securities are reinvested. Factors that influence the earnings impact of interest rate changes include, among others, the amount of invested funds and the overall portfolio mix between short-term and long-term investments. This mix varies during the fiscal year and is impacted by daily interest rate changes. The annualized interest rate earned on our entire portfolio increased from 1.3% for fiscal 2022 to 2.4% for fiscal 2023. A hypothetical change in both short-term interest rates (e.g., overnight interest rates or the federal funds rate) and intermediate-term interest rates of 25 basis points applied to the estimated average investment balances and any related short-term borrowings would result in approximately an $14 million impact to earnings before income taxes over the ensuing twelve-month period ending June 30, 2024. A hypothetical change in only short-term interest rates of 25 basis points applied to the estimated average short-term investment balances and any related short-term borrowings would result in approximately an $5 million impact to earnings before income taxes over the ensuing twelve-month period ending June 30, 2024. We are exposed to credit risk in connection with our available-for-sale securities through the possible inability of the borrowers to meet the terms of the securities. We limit credit risk by investing in investment-grade securities, primarily AAA-rated and AA- rated securities, as rated by Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, DBRS for Canadian dollar denominated securities, and Fitch for asset-backed and commercial-mortgage-backed securities. In addition, we limit amounts that can be invested in any security other than U.S. government and government agency, Canadian government, and United Kingdom government securities. We operate and transact business in various foreign jurisdictions and are therefore exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates that could impact our consolidated results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. We manage our exposure to these market risks through our regular operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. We may use derivative financial instruments as risk management tools and not for trading purposes. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS See Note 1, Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements, of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES Our Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and other comprehensive income. We continually evaluate the accounting policies and estimates used to prepare the Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information. The estimates are based on historical experience and assumptions believed to be reasonable under current facts and circumstances. These estimates require levels of subjectivity and judgment, which could result in actual results differing from our estimates. The Company believes the following are its critical accounting estimates: Deferred Costs - Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain and Fulfill Contracts Description Incremental costs of obtaining a contract (e.g., sales commissions) and cost incurred to implement clients on our solutions (e.g., direct labor) that are expected to be recovered are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the client retention period, depending on the business unit. Judgments and Uncertainties The Company has estimated the amortization periods for deferred costs by using its historical retention rates by business unit to estimate the pattern during which the service transfers. The expected client relationship period ranges from three to eight years. 39 Sensitivity of Estimate to Change As the assumptions used to estimate the amortization period of the deferred costs could have a material impact on timing of recognition, we assess the amortization periods annually using historical retention rates. Actual retention rates were not materially different than those used in our calculation to determine the amortization period. We regularly review our deferred costs for impairment. There were no impairment losses incurred during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023, June 30, 2022, or June 30, 2021. Goodwill. Description Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the value assigned to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment or more frequently when an event or circumstance indicates that goodwill might be impaired. Judgments and Uncertainties The Company’s annual goodwill impairment assessment as of June 30, 2023 was performed for all reporting units using a quantitative approach by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. We estimated the fair value of each reporting unit using, as appropriate, the income approach, which is derived using the present value of future cash flows discounted at a risk-adjusted weighted-average cost of capital, and the market approach, which is based upon using market multiples of companies in similar lines of business. Significant assumptions used in determining the fair value of our reporting units include projected revenue growth rates, profitability projections, working capital assumptions, the weighted average cost of capital, the determination of appropriate market comparison companies, and terminal growth rates. Several of these assumptions including projected revenue growth rates and profitability projections are dependent on our ability to upgrade, enhance, and expand our technology and services to meet client needs and preferences. Sensitivity of Estimate to Change Some of the inherent estimates and assumptions used in determining the fair value of the reporting units are outside the control of management including the weighted-average cost of capital, tax rates, market comparisons, and terminal growth rates. While we believe we have made reasonable estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of the reporting units, it is possible a material change could occur. If our actual results are not consistent with our estimates and assumptions used to calculate fair value, it could result in material impairments of our goodwill. The assumptions used to assess impairment consider historical trends, macroeconomic conditions, and projections consistent with the Company’s operating strategy. Changes in these estimates can have a significant impact on the assessment of fair value which could result in material impairment losses. We completed our annual assessment of goodwill as of June 30, 2023 and determined that there was no impairment of goodwill. We performed a sensitivity analysis and determined that a one percentage point increase in the weighted-average cost of capital would not result in an impairment of goodwill for all reporting units and their fair values substantially exceeded their carrying values. Income Taxes Description Judgment is required in addressing the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our Consolidated Financial Statements or tax returns (e.g., realization of deferred tax assets, changes in tax laws or interpretations thereof). A change in the assessment of the outcomes of such matters could materially impact our Consolidated Financial Statements. Judgments and Uncertainties The Company computes its provision for income taxes based on the statutory tax rates in the various jurisdictions in which it operates. Assumptions, judgment, and the use of estimates are required in determining if the “more likely than not” standard has been met when computing the provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and uncertain tax positions. Sensitivity of Estimate to Change While the Company considers all of its tax positions fully supportable, the Company is occasionally challenged by various tax authorities regarding the amount of taxes due. If certain pending tax matters settle within the next twelve months, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits may increase or decrease for all open tax years and jurisdictions. As of June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company's liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits, which include interest and penalties, were $116.9 million and $98.1 million, respectively. 40 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk The information called for by this item is provided under the caption “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” under “Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.” 41 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Roseland, New Jersey Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, and the related statements of consolidated earnings, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2023, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)2 (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated August 3, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate. Goodwill – Employer Services Reportable Segment— Refer to Notes 1 and 7 to the financial statements Critical Audit Matter Description The Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. The Company uses the discounted cash flow model to estimate fair value which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasts of future revenue and operating margin. In addition, the discounted cash flow model requires the Company to select an appropriate weighted average cost of capital based on current market conditions as of June 30, 2023. Changes in these assumptions could have a significant impact on either the fair value, the amount of any goodwill impairment charge, or both. Forecasts of future revenue and operating margin from the Company’s next-gen platform, for which there is limited historical data, contribute significantly to the estimate of fair value of a reporting unit within the Employer Services reportable segment with approximately $678 million of goodwill as of June 30, 2023. Given the limited historical data associated with the Company’s next-gen platform, significant management judgment was required to forecast future revenue and operating margin to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit. In turn, a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of audit effort were required when performing 42 audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to the forecasts of revenue and operating margin and the selection of the weighted average cost of capital, including the involvement of our fair value specialists. How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit Our audit procedures related to the forecasts of future revenue and operating margin and the selection of the weighted average cost of capital used by management to estimate the fair value contributed by the next-gen platform included the following, among others: • We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s goodwill impairment evaluation, including those over the determination of the fair value of the reporting unit within the Employer Services reportable segment, such as controls related to management’s forecasts of future revenue and operating margin and the selection of the weighted average cost of capital. • With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the valuation models, methodology, and significant assumptions used by the Company, specifically the weighted average cost of capital including: ◦ ◦ Testing the mathematical accuracy of the Company’s calculation of the weighted average cost of capital. Developing a range of independent estimates and compared to the weighted average cost of capital selected by management. • We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future revenue and operating margin by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts. Due to the limited historical data for the next-gen platform, we evaluated the reasonableness of management’s revenue and operating margin forecasts by comparing the forecasts to (1) the historical operating results of the Company’s similar existing platforms, (2) the limited operating results to date of the next-gen platform, (3) internal communications to management and the board of directors, and (4) external communications made by management to analysts and investors. Client Funds Obligations - Refer to Note 4 to the financial statements Critical Audit Matter Description Client funds obligations represent the Company's contractual obligations to remit funds to satisfy clients' payroll, tax and other payee payment obligations and are recorded as a liability at the time that the Company impounds funds from clients (i.e., money movement). The Company has reported client funds obligations as a current liability in the consolidated financial statements totaling $38,538.6 million as of June 30, 2023. This money movement activity involves significant amounts of client funds being impounded and remitted to third parties and results in a high volume of transactions. To validate the accuracy and completeness of the client funds obligations reported as of period end, the Company performs complex data extracts in order to reconcile the transactional data to the client funds obligations and funds held for clients balances reported at period end. Given the significant volume of data used in the reconciliation, the complexity of the data extraction, and the reconciliation of the data extracts to the client funds obligations balance reported, auditing the client funds obligations is complex and requires the involvement of data specialists to independently reperform the reconciliation and assist with testing of the completeness and accuracy of client funds obligations reported as of period end, including identifying the manual adjustments identified in management’s reconciliation process. How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit Our audit procedures related to the Company's client funds obligations included the following, among others: • We tested the effectiveness of general information technology controls over the applications relevant to the money movement reconciliation process. • We tested the effectiveness of (1) management’s controls over the client funds obligations data reconciliation and (2) management’s control to reconcile the consolidated client funds obligations to the corresponding consolidated funds held for clients balance. • We involved data specialists to (1) independently reperform management’s client funds obligations reconciliation and (2) perform data analyses to identify and evaluate recurring and new adjustments to the data extracts in the current period. • For a selection of client funds obligations transactions, we evaluated whether the funds were impounded prior to June 30, 2023, agreed the liability to the corresponding asset balance, and evaluated whether the funds were properly included or excluded from the client funds obligations. • We made a selection of adjustments identified by management’s reconciliation of the transactional data to the client funds obligations balance reported at period end and evaluated whether the adjustments were supported and appropriate to reconcile and validate the client funds obligations balance reported at period end. • We made a selection of disbursements to third parties subsequent to the balance sheet date to evaluate whether they were properly included or excluded from client funds obligations. • We tested the Company’s reconciliation of the consolidated client funds obligations to funds held for clients. 43 /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP Morristown, New Jersey August 3, 2023 We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1968. 44 Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Subsidiaries Statements of Consolidated Earnings (In millions, except per share amounts) Years ended June 30, REVENUES: Revenues, other than interest on funds held for clients and PEO revenues Interest on funds held for clients PEO revenues (A) TOTAL REVENUES EXPENSES: Costs of revenues: Operating expenses Systems development and programming costs Depreciation and amortization TOTAL COSTS OF REVENUES Selling, general, and administrative expenses Interest expense TOTAL EXPENSES Other (income)/expense, net 2023 2022 2021 $ 11,222.0 $ 10,505.0 $ 9,768.6 813.4 5,976.8 18,012.2 451.8 5,541.5 16,498.3 422.4 4,814.4 15,005.4 8,657.4 844.8 451.2 9,953.4 3,551.4 253.3 13,758.1 8,252.6 798.6 410.7 9,461.9 3,233.2 81.9 12,777.0 7,520.7 716.6 403.0 8,640.3 3,040.5 59.7 11,740.5 (183.5) (82.8) (96.3) EARNINGS BEFORE INCOME TAXES 4,437.6 3,804.1 3,361.2 Provision for income taxes NET EARNINGS BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE Basic weighted average shares outstanding Diluted weighted average shares outstanding $ $ $ 1,025.6 855.2 762.7 3,412.0 $ 2,948.9 $ 2,598.5 8.25 $ 7.04 $ 6.10 8.21 $ 7.00 $ 6.07 413.7 415.7 418.8 421.1 426.3 428.1 (A) For the years ended June 30, 2023 (“fiscal 2023”), June 30, 2022 (“fiscal 2022”), and June 30, 2021 (“fiscal 2021”), Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”) revenues are net of direct pass-through costs, primarily consisting of payroll wages and payroll taxes, of $66,731.7 million, $62,619.2 million, and $51,362.3 million, respectively. See notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 45 Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Subsidiaries Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income (In millions) Years ended June 30, Net earnings Other comprehensive (loss)/income: Currency translation adjustments 2023 2022 2021 $ 3,412.0 $ 2,948.9 $ 2,598.5 13.4 (127.4) 95.4 Unrealized net (losses)/gains on available-for-sale securities (500.3) (2,228.0) (363.3) Tax effect Reclassification of net losses/(gains) on available-for-sale securities to net earnings Tax effect Unrealized (losses)/gains on cash flow hedging activities Tax effect Amortization of unrealized losses on cash flow hedging activities Tax effect Pension net (losses)/gains arising during the year Tax effect Reclassification of pension liability adjustment to net earnings Tax effect 113.3 14.7 (3.3) — — 4.4 (1.1) 60.3 (13.3) (0.4) 0.2 503.7 4.4 (1.0) — — 4.4 (1.1) (229.8) 57.3 18.1 (4.9) 82.6 (11.3) 2.5 (3.3) 0.8 3.8 (0.9) 281.5 (69.0) 9.3 (2.7) Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax Comprehensive income (312.1) (2,004.3) 25.4 $ 3,099.9 $ 944.6 $ 2,623.9 See notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 46 Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Subsidiaries Consolidated Balance Sheets (In millions, except per share amounts) June 30, Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $53.0 and $56.8, respectively Other current assets Total current assets before funds held for clients Funds held for clients Total current assets Long-term receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.1 and $0.1, respectively Property, plant and equipment, net Operating lease right-of-use asset Deferred contract costs Other assets Goodwill Intangible assets, net Total assets Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued expenses and other current liabilities Accrued payroll and payroll-related expenses Dividends payable Short-term deferred revenues Obligations under reverse repurchase agreements (A) Income taxes payable Total current liabilities before client funds obligations Client funds obligations Total current liabilities Long-term debt Operating lease liabilities Other liabilities Deferred income taxes Long-term deferred revenues Total liabilities Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12) Stockholders' equity: Preferred stock, $1.00 par value: Authorized, 0.3 shares; issued, none Common stock, $0.10 par value: authorized,1,000.0 shares; issued, 638.7 shares at June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022; outstanding, 412.1 and 416.1 shares at June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, respectively Capital in excess of par value Retained earnings Treasury stock - at cost: 226.6 and 222.7 shares at June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, respectively Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income Total stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 2023 2022 $ 2,083.5 $ 3,009.6 743.9 5,837.0 36,333.6 42,170.6 8.5 681.4 402.4 2,769.7 1,255.4 2,339.4 1,343.6 1,436.3 3,170.6 628.8 5,235.7 49,569.2 54,804.9 9.1 652.6 450.9 2,579.7 937.4 2,300.5 1,333.1 $ 50,971.0 $ 63,068.2 $ 96.8 $ 2,342.6 941.4 510.0 188.6 105.4 44.2 4,229.0 38,538.6 42,767.6 2,989.0 349.9 933.7 73.6 348.1 110.2 2,107.8 862.6 429.6 188.2 136.4 38.4 3,873.2 51,285.5 55,158.7 2,987.1 370.9 924.2 67.0 335.0 47,461.9 59,842.9 — — 63.9 2,102.3 22,118.0 63.9 1,794.2 20,696.3 (18,469.3) (17,335.4) (2,305.8) 3,509.1 (1,993.7) 3,225.3 $ 50,971.0 $ 63,068.2 (A) As of June 30, 2023, $104.6 million of long-term marketable securities and $0.8 million of cash and cash equivalents have been pledged as collateral under the Company's reverse repurchase agreements. As of June 30, 2022, $14.3 million of short-term marketable securities and $122.1 million of long-term marketable securities have been pledged as collateral under the Company's reverse repurchase agreements (see Note 8). See notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 47 Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Subsidiaries Statements of Consolidated Stockholders' Equity (In millions, except per share amounts) Balance at June 30, 2020 Net earnings Other comprehensive income Stock-based compensation expense Issuances relating to stock compensation plans Treasury stock acquired (8.2 million shares repurchased) Dividends ($3.70 per share) Balance at June 30, 2021 Net earnings Other comprehensive income Stock-based compensation expense Issuances relating to stock compensation plans Treasury stock acquired (9.2 million shares repurchased) Dividends ($4.05 per share) Balance at June 30, 2022 Net earnings Other comprehensive loss Stock-based compensation expense Issuances relating to stock compensation plans Treasury stock acquired (4.9 million shares repurchased) Dividends ($4.79 per share) Balance at June 30, 2023 Common Stock Shares Amount Capital in Excess of Par Value Retained Earnings Treasury Stock Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) 638.7 $ 63.9 $ 1,333.8 $ 18,436.3 $ (14,067.0) $ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 156.3 41.2 — — 2,598.5 — — — — (1,583.7) — — — 111.4 (1,431.2) — 638.7 $ 63.9 $ 1,531.3 $ 19,451.1 $ (15,386.8) $ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 180.4 82.5 — — 2,948.9 — — — — (1,703.7) — — — 95.0 (2,043.6) — (14.8) — 25.4 — — — — 10.6 — (2,004.3) — — — — 638.7 $ 63.9 $ 1,794.2 $ 20,696.3 $ (17,335.4) $ (1,993.7) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 196.3 111.8 — — 3,412.0 — — — — (1,990.3) — — — 63.3 (1,197.2) — — (312.1) — — — — 638.7 $ 63.9 $ 2,102.3 $ 22,118.0 $ (18,469.3) $ (2,305.8) See notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 48 Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Subsidiaries Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows (In millions) Years ended June 30, Cash Flows from Operating Activities: Net earnings Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to cash flows provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization Amortization of deferred contract costs Deferred income taxes Stock-based compensation expense Net pension income Net amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on available-for-sale securities Other Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Decrease/(Increase) in accounts receivable Increase in other assets (Decrease)/Increase in accounts payable Increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities Net cash flows provided by operating activities Cash Flows from Investing Activities: Purchases of corporate and client funds marketable securities Proceeds from the sales and maturities of corporate and client funds marketable securities Capital expenditures Additions to intangibles Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment and other assets Net cash flows used in investing activities Cash Flows from Financing Activities: Net (decrease)/increase in client funds obligations Payments of debt Proceeds from the issuance of debt Settlement of cash flow hedges Repurchases of common stock 2023 2022 2021 $ 3,412.0 $ 2,948.9 $ 2,598.5 549.3 992.9 (80.1) 220.4 (42.6) 23.0 71.4 129.2 (1,357.4) (11.8) 301.3 4,207.6 515.1 955.2 36.6 201.7 (53.4) 101.0 32.7 (486.5) (1,258.4) (16.4) 123.0 3,099.5 (6,618.8) (10,733.2) 4,705.5 4,249.7 (206.3) (365.3) (32.4) — (174.4) (379.0) (11.7) 34.2 510.7 935.3 (251.1) 175.3 (52.8) 69.5 45.3 (339.8) (1,029.4) 36.9 394.9 3,093.3 (9,266.3) 6,238.4 (178.6) (327.3) — 18.8 (2,517.3) (7,014.4) (3,515.0) (12,701.6) 17,057.9 (1.0) — — (0.9) — — 8,336.2 (1,001.8) 1,981.5 (44.6) (1,121.4) (1,969.4) (1,372.3) Net proceeds from stock purchase plan and stock-based compensation plans Dividends paid Net (payments)/proceeds related to reverse repurchase agreements Net cash flows (used in)/provided by financing activities 91.6 (1,903.6) (44.7) 96.5 (1,659.0) 128.3 (15,680.7) 13,653.4 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents (21.1) (98.7) Net change in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents (14,011.5) 9,639.8 104.1 (1,575.5) 9.9 6,437.5 73.8 6,089.6 Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, beginning of year Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents, end of year 22,783.0 13,143.2 7,053.6 $ 8,771.5 $ 22,783.0 $ 13,143.2 Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents to the Consolidated Balance Sheets Cash and cash equivalents Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents included in funds held for clients (A) Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash paid for interest Cash paid for income taxes, net of income tax refunds $ $ $ $ 2,083.5 $ 1,436.3 $ 2,575.2 6,688.0 8,771.5 $ 21,346.7 22,783.0 $ 10,568.0 13,143.2 246.5 $ 1,080.7 $ 74.8 $ 856.8 $ 53.1 973.7 (A) See Note 4 for a reconciliation of restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in funds held for clients on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. See notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 49 Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Tabular dollars in millions, except per share amounts or where otherwise stated) NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES A. Basis of Preparation. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes thereto of Automatic Data Processing, Inc., its subsidiaries and variable interest entity (“ADP” or the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company has a grantor trust, which holds the majority of the funds provided by its clients pending remittance to employees of those clients, tax authorities, and other payees. The Company is the sole beneficial owner of the trust. The trust meets the criteria in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, “Consolidation” to be characterized as a variable interest entity (“VIE”). The Company has determined that it has a controlling financial interest in the trust because it has both (1) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the trust (including the power to make all investment decisions for the trust) and (2) the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the trust (in the form of investment returns) and therefore, consolidates the trust. Further information on these funds and the Company’s obligations to remit to its clients’ employees, tax authorities, and other payees is provided in Note 4, “Corporate Investments and Funds Held for Clients.” The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and other comprehensive income that are reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes thereto. Actual results may differ from those estimates. B. Description of Business. The Company is a provider of cloud-based Human Capital Management (“HCM”) solutions. The Company classifies its operations into the following two reportable segments: Employer Services and Professional Employer Organization (“PEO”) Services. The primary components of the “Other” segment are certain corporate overhead charges and expenses that have not been allocated to the reportable segments, including corporate functions, costs related to our transformation office, legal settlements, severance costs, non-recurring gains and losses, the elimination of intercompany transactions, and interest expense. C. Revenue Recognition. Revenues are primarily attributable to fees for providing services (e.g., Employer Services' payroll processing fees), investment income on payroll funds, payroll tax filing funds, other Employer Services' client-related funds, and fees charged to implement clients on the Company's solutions. The Company enters into agreements for a fixed fee per transaction (e.g., number of payees or number of payrolls processed). The Company enters into service agreements with clients that include anywhere from one service to a full suite of services. The Company’s agreements vary in duration having a legally enforceable term of 30 days to 5 years. The performance obligations in the agreements are generally combined into one performance obligation, as they are considered a series of distinct services, and are satisfied over time because the client simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided as the Company performs the services. The Company uses the output method based on a fixed fee per employee serviced to recognize revenue, as the value to the client of the goods or services transferred to date (e.g. number of payees or number of payrolls processed) appropriately depicts our performance towards complete satisfaction of the performance obligation. The fees are typically billed in the period in which services are performed. PEO, a component of the HR Outsourcing (“HRO”) business pillar, provides a comprehensive human resources outsourcing solution, including offering benefits, providing workers’ compensation insurance, and administering state unemployment insurance, among other human resources functions. Amounts collected from PEO worksite employers include payroll, fees for benefits, and an administrative fee that also includes payroll taxes, fees for workers’ compensation and state unemployment taxes. The payroll and payroll taxes collected from the worksite employers are presented in revenue net, as the Company does not retain risk and acts as an agent with respect to this aspect of the PEO arrangement. With respect to the payroll and payroll taxes, the worksite employer is primarily responsible for providing the service and has discretion in establishing wages. 50 The fees collected from the worksite employers for benefits (i.e., PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs), workers’ compensation and state unemployment taxes are presented in revenues and the associated costs of benefits, workers’ compensation and state unemployment taxes are included in operating expenses, as the Company does retain risk and acts as a principal with respect to this aspect of the arrangement. With respect to these fees, the Company is primarily responsible for fulfilling the service and has discretion in establishing price. We recognize client fund interest income on collected but not yet remitted funds held for clients in revenues as earned, as the collection, holding and remittance of these funds are critical components of providing these services. Set up fees received from certain clients to implement the Company's solutions are considered a material right. Therefore, the Company defers revenue associated with these set up fees and records them over the period in which such clients are expected to benefit from the material right, which is approximately five to seven years. Collection of consideration the Company expects to receive typically occurs within 30 to 60 days of billing. We assess the collectability of revenues based primarily on the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by credit checks and analysis, as well as the customer's payment history and their intention to pay the consideration. D. Deferred Costs. Incremental Costs of Obtaining a Contract Incremental costs of obtaining a contract (e.g., sales commissions) that are expected to be recovered are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of three to eight years, depending on the business unit. Incremental costs of obtaining a contract include only those costs the Company incurs to obtain a contract that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been obtained. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Costs to fulfill a Contract The Company capitalizes costs incurred to fulfill its contracts that i) relate directly to the contract ii) are expected to generate resources that will be used to satisfy the Company's performance obligations under the contract and iii) are expected to be recovered through revenue generated under the contract. Costs incurred to implement clients on our solutions (e.g., direct labor) are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected client relationship period if the Company expects to recover those costs. The expected client relationship period ranges from three to eight years. These costs are included in operating expenses. The Company has estimated the amortization periods for the deferred costs by using its historical retention by business units to estimate the pattern during which the service transfers. E. Cash and Cash Equivalents. Highly liquid investment securities with a maturity of ninety days or less at the time of purchase are considered cash equivalents. The fair value of our cash and cash equivalents approximates carrying value. F. Corporate Investments and Funds Held for Clients. All of the Company's marketable securities are considered to be “available-for-sale” and, accordingly, are carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets until realized. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities are determined on an aggregate approach basis and are included in other (income)/expense, net on the Statements of Consolidated Earnings. If the fair value of an available-for-sale debt security is below its amortized cost, the Company assesses whether it intends to sell the security or if it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery. If either of those two conditions is met, the Company would recognize a charge in earnings equal to the entire difference between the security's amortized cost basis and its fair value. If the Company does not intend to sell a security or it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery, the unrealized loss is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to all other factors, which is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related available-for-sale security as an adjustment to yield using the effective-interest method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. 51 G. Fair Value Measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date and is based upon the Company’s principal, or most advantageous, market for a specific asset or liability. U.S. GAAP provides for a three-level hierarchy of inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, defined as follows: Level 1 Fair value is determined based upon quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities that are traded in active markets. Level 2 Fair value is determined based upon inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, including: · quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; · quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; · inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; or · inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. Level 3 Fair value is determined based upon inputs that are unobservable and reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based upon the best information available in the circumstances (e.g., internally derived assumptions surrounding the timing and amount of expected cash flows). The Company's corporate investments and funds held for clients (see Note 4) are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as described below. Over 99% of the Company's available-for-sale securities included in Level 2 are valued based on prices obtained from an independent pricing service. To determine the fair value of the Company's Level 2 investments, the independent pricing service uses pricing models for each asset class that are consistent with what other market participants would use, including the market approach. Inputs and assumptions to the pricing model used by the independent pricing service are derived from market observable sources including: benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers and other market-related data. Since many fixed income securities do not trade on a daily basis, the independent pricing service applies available information, as applicable, through processes such as benchmark curves, benchmarking of like securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing to prepare valuations. For the purposes of valuing the Company’s asset-backed securities and mortgage-backed securities (that are included within Other securities in Note 4), the independent pricing service includes additional inputs to the model such as monthly payment information, new issue data, and collateral performance. For the purposes of valuing the Company’s Municipal bonds, the independent pricing service includes quoted prices for similar assets, benchmark yield curves, and market corroborated inputs. While the Company is not provided access to the proprietary models of the third party pricing service, each quarterly reporting period, the Company reviews the inputs utilized by the independent pricing service and compares the valuations received from the independent pricing service to valuations from at least one other observable source for reasonableness. The Company has not adjusted the prices obtained from the independent pricing service and the Company believes the prices received from the independent pricing service are representative of the prices that would be received to sell the assets at the measurement date (exit price). The Company had no available-for-sale securities included in Level 1 and Level 3 at June 30, 2023. The Company issued three series of fixed-rate notes with staggered maturities of 7 and 10-years totaling $3.0 billion (collectively the “Notes”). The fair value of the Notes are estimated in Note 9 utilizing a variety of inputs obtained from an independent pricing service, including benchmark yields, reported trades, non-binding broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and reference data. The Notes are senior unsecured obligations, and interest is payable in arrears, semi-annually. The Company reviews the values generated by the independent pricing service for reasonableness by comparing the valuations received from the independent pricing service to valuations from at least one other observable source. The Company has not adjusted the prices obtained from the independent pricing service. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the classification of assets and liabilities within the fair value hierarchy. In certain instances, the inputs used to measure fair value may meet the definition of more than one level of the fair value hierarchy. The significant input with the lowest level priority is used to determine the applicable level in the fair value hierarchy. H. Property, Plant and Equipment. Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Depreciation is recognized over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the term of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the 52 improvements. The estimated useful lives of assets are primarily as follows: Data processing equipment Buildings Furniture and fixtures 5 to 10 years 20 to 40 years 4 to 7 years I. Leases. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. The lease liabilities are measured by discounting future lease payments at the Company’s collateralized incremental borrowing rate for financing instruments of a similar term, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. ROU assets also include adjustments related to prepaid or deferred lease payments and lease incentives. Lease ROU assets are amortized over the life of the lease and tested for impairment in the same manner as long-lived assets as described below. J. Goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the value assigned to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment or more frequently when an event or circumstance indicates that goodwill might be impaired. The Company's annual goodwill impairment assessment as of June 30, 2023 was performed for all reporting units using a quantitative approach by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. We estimated the fair value of each reporting unit using, as appropriate, the income approach, which is derived using the present value of future cash flows discounted at a risk-adjusted weighted-average cost of capital, and the market approach, which is based upon using market multiples of companies in similar lines of business. Significant assumptions used in determining the fair value of our reporting units include projected revenue growth rates, profitability projections, working capital assumptions, the weighted average cost of capital, the determination of appropriate market comparison companies, and terminal growth rates. Several of these assumptions, including projected revenue growth rates and profitability projections are dependent on our ability to upgrade, enhance, and expand our technology and services to meet client needs and preferences. As such, the determination of fair value requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasts of future revenue and operating margins. Based upon the quantitative assessment, the Company has concluded that goodwill is not impaired. K. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. L. Foreign Currency. The net assets of the Company's foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars based on exchange rates in effect for each period, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in the periods. Gains or losses from balance sheet translation are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Currency transaction gains or losses, which are included in the results of operations, are not significant for all periods presented. M. Foreign Currency Risk Management Programs and Derivative Financial Instruments. The Company transacts business in various foreign jurisdictions and is therefore exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates that could impact its consolidated results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. The Company manages its exposure to these market risks through its regular operating and financing activities and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. 53 N. Earnings per Share (“EPS”). The Company computes EPS in accordance with ASC 260. The calculations of basic and diluted EPS are as follows: Years ended June 30, 2023 Net earnings Weighted average shares (in millions) EPS 2022 Net earnings Weighted average shares (in millions) EPS 2021 Net earnings Weighted average shares (in millions) EPS Effect of Employee Stock Option Shares Effect of Employee Restricted Stock Shares Diluted $ 3,412.0 0.9 1.1 $ 415.7 8.21 $ 2,948.9 1.1 1.2 $ 421.1 7.00 $ 2,598.5 0.8 1.0 $ 428.1 6.07 Basic $ 3,412.0 413.7 8.25 $ $ 2,948.9 418.8 7.04 $ $ 2,598.5 426.3 6.10 $ Options to purchase 0.2 million, 0.6 million, and 1.1 million shares of common stock for fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti- dilutive. O. Stock-Based Compensation. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense in net earnings based on the fair value of the award on the date of the grant, and in the case of international units settled in cash, adjusts this fair value based on changes in the Company's stock price during the vesting period. Time-based restricted stock units are valued based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant and, in the case of performance based restricted stock units, are valued based on the grant date fair value of such awards and are adjusted for changes to probabilities of achieving performance targets. See Note 10 for additional information on the Company's stock-based compensation programs. P. Internal Use Software. Expenditures for major software purchases and software developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized and amortized generally over a three to five-year period on a straight-line basis. Software developed as part of the Company's next-generation platforms are depreciated over ten years. The Company begins to capitalize costs incurred for computer software developed for internal use when the preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed to funding the project, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Capitalization ceases when a computer software project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. The Company's policy provides for the capitalization of external direct costs of materials and services associated with developing or obtaining internal use computer software. In addition, the Company also capitalizes certain payroll and payroll- related costs for employees who are directly associated with internal use computer software projects. The amount of capitalizable payroll costs with respect to these employees is limited to the time directly spent on such projects. Costs associated with preliminary project stage activities, training, maintenance, and all other post-implementation stage activities are expensed as incurred. The Company also expenses internal costs related to minor upgrades and enhancements, as it is impractical to separate these costs from normal maintenance activities. Fees related to cloud-based subscriptions for which the Company has the right to take possession of the software at any time during the hosting period (without significant penalty) and can run the software on internal hardware, or through contract with a third party vendor to host the software, is recognized as an intangible asset and capitalized following the Internal Use Software guidance under ASC 350-40. Subscriptions where the Company accesses the software through the cloud but cannot take 54 possession of the software during the hosting period is treated as a service contract, and as such hosting fees are treated as expense. Q. Acquisitions. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations are recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the respective acquisition dates based upon their estimated fair values at such dates. The results of operations of businesses acquired by the Company are included in the Statements of Consolidated Earnings since their respective dates of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed is allocated to goodwill. In certain circumstances, the allocations of the excess purchase price are based upon preliminary estimates and assumptions and subject to revision when the Company receives final information, including appraisals and other analysis. Accordingly, the measurement period for such purchase price allocations will end when the information, or the facts and circumstances, becomes available, but will not exceed twelve months. R. Income Taxes. The objectives of accounting for income taxes are to recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an entity's financial statements or tax returns. Judgment is required in addressing the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our Consolidated Financial Statements or tax returns (e.g., realization of deferred tax assets, changes in tax laws or interpretations thereof). A change in the assessment of the outcomes of such matters could materially impact our Consolidated Financial Statements. There is a financial statement recognition threshold and measurement attribute for tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Specifically, the likelihood of an entity's tax benefits being sustained must be “more likely than not,” assuming that these positions will be examined by taxing authorities with full knowledge of all relevant information prior to recording the related tax benefit in the financial statements. If a tax position drops below the “more likely than not” standard, the benefit can no longer be recognized. Assumptions, judgment, and the use of estimates are required in determining if the “more likely than not” standard has been met when developing the provision for income taxes. As of June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company's liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits, which include interest and penalties, were $116.9 million and $98.1 million, respectively. S. Workers' Compensation Costs. The Company employs a third-party actuary to assist in determining the estimated claim liability related to workers' compensation and employer's liability coverage for PEO Services worksite employees. In estimating ultimate loss rates, we utilize historical loss experience, exposure data, and actuarial judgment, together with a range of inputs which are primarily based upon the worksite employee's job responsibilities, their location, the historical frequency and severity of workers' compensation claims, and an estimate of future cost trends. For each reporting period, changes in the actuarial assumptions resulting from changes in actual claims experience and other trends are incorporated into our workers' compensation claims cost estimates. PEO Services has secured a workers’ compensation and employer’s liability insurance policy that caps the exposure for each claim at $1 million per occurrence and has also secured aggregate stop loss insurance that caps aggregate losses at a certain level in fiscal years 2012 and prior from an admitted and licensed insurance company of AIG. The Company has obtained approximately $327 million of irrevocable standby letters of credit in favor of licensed insurance companies of AIG to secure TotalSource workers’ compensation obligations if ADP were to fail to reimburse AIG for workers’ compensation payments. The Company had no drawdowns during June 30, 2023 and 2022 under the letters of credit. Additionally, starting in fiscal 2013, ADP Indemnity paid premiums to enter into reinsurance arrangements with ACE American Insurance Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chubb Limited, to cover substantially all losses incurred by the Company up to the $1 million per occurrence related to workers' compensation and employer's liability deductible reimbursement insurance protection for PEO services worksite employees. Each of these reinsurance arrangements limit our overall exposure incurred up to a certain limit. The Company believes the likelihood of ultimate losses exceeding this limit is remote. ADP Indemnity paid a premium of $284 million to enter into a reinsurance arrangement with Chubb Limited to cover substantially all losses incurred by ADP Indemnity for the fiscal 2023 policy year up to $1 million per occurrence. ADP Indemnity paid a premium of $269 million in July 2023 to enter into a reinsurance arrangement to cover substantially all losses for the fiscal 2024 policy year on terms substantially similar to the fiscal 2023 policy. T. Contingencies. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to loss contingencies, such as claims and assessments arising from litigation and other legal proceedings, contractual indemnities, and tax matters. Accruals for loss contingencies are recorded when the Company determines that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. If the estimate of the amount of the loss is a range and some amount within the range appears to be a better estimate than any other amount within the range, that amount is accrued as a liability. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount of the range is accrued as a liability. These accruals are adjusted periodically as assessments change or additional information becomes available. The loss contingencies are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses. 55 If no accrual is made for a loss contingency because the amount of loss cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company will disclose material contingent liabilities when there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss or an additional loss may have been incurred. Legal fees and other costs related to litigation and other legal proceedings or services are expensed as incurred and are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses. Any claim for insurance recovery is recognized only when realization becomes probable. U. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements None. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements None. NOTE 2. REVENUE Based upon similar operational and economic characteristics, the Company’s revenues are disaggregated by its three business pillars as follows: Human Capital Management (“HCM”), HR Outsourcing (“HRO”), and Global (“Global”) Solutions, with separate disaggregation for PEO zero-margin benefits pass-through revenues and client fund interest revenues. The Company believes these revenue categories depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. HCM provides a suite of product offerings that assist employers of all types and sizes in all stages of the employment cycle, from recruitment to retirement. Global is generally consistent with the types of services provided within HCM but represent geographies outside of the United States and includes our multinational offerings. HCM and Global revenues are primarily attributable to fees for providing solutions for payroll, benefits, talent, retirement services and HR processing and fees charged to implement the Company's solutions for clients. HRO provides a comprehensive human resources outsourcing solution, including offering benefits, providing workers’ compensation insurance, and administering state unemployment insurance, among other human resources functions. This revenue is primarily driven by PEO. The Company has further disaggregated HRO to separate out its PEO zero-margin benefits pass-through revenues. The Company recognizes client fund interest revenues on collected but not yet remitted funds held for clients in revenues as earned, as the collection, holding and remittance of these funds are critical components of providing these services. The following tables provide details of revenue by our business pillars and includes a reconciliation to the Company’s reportable segments. Years Ended June 30, 2022 7,174.9 $ 3,116.3 3,514.4 2,240.9 451.8 16,498.3 $ 2023 7,716.1 $ 3,386.0 3,800.9 2,295.8 813.4 18,012.2 $ 2021 6,655.2 2,690.9 3,092.0 2,144.9 422.4 15,005.4 Types of Revenues HCM HRO, excluding PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs Global Interest on funds held for clients Total Revenues $ $ 56 Reconciliation of disaggregated revenue to our reportable segments for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023: Types of Revenues HCM HRO, excluding PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs Global Interest on funds held for clients Total Segment Revenues Employer Services PEO Other Total $ 7,724.7 $ — $ (8.6) $ 7,716.1 1,216.1 — 2,295.8 806.0 2,175.9 3,800.9 — 7.4 (6.0) — — — 3,386.0 3,800.9 2,295.8 813.4 $ 12,042.6 $ 5,984.2 $ (14.6) $ 18,012.2 Reconciliation of disaggregated revenue to our reportable segments for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022: Types of Revenues HCM HRO, excluding PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs Global Interest on funds held for clients Total Segment Revenues Employer Services PEO Other Total $ 7,183.1 $ — $ (8.2) $ 7,174.9 1,096.1 — 2,240.9 447.6 2,027.1 3,514.4 — 4.2 (6.9) — — — 3,116.3 3,514.4 2,240.9 451.8 $ 10,967.7 $ 5,545.7 $ (15.1) $ 16,498.3 Reconciliation of disaggregated revenue to our reportable segments for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021: Types of Revenues HCM HRO, excluding PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs PEO zero-margin benefits pass-throughs Global Interest on funds held for clients Total Segment Revenues Contract Balances Employer Services PEO Other Total $ 6,660.7 $ — $ (5.5) $ 6,655.2 971.1 — 2,144.9 418.5 1,722.4 3,092.0 — 3.9 (2.6) — — — 2,690.9 3,092.0 2,144.9 422.4 $ 10,195.2 $ 4,818.3 $ (8.1) $ 15,005.4 The timing of revenue recognition for our HCM, HRO and Global Solutions is consistent with the invoicing of clients, as invoicing occurs in the period the services are provided. Therefore, the Company does not recognize a contract asset or liability resulting from the timing of revenue recognition and invoicing. Changes in deferred revenue related to set up fees for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 were as follows: Contract Liability Contract liability, July 1, 2022 Recognition of revenue included in beginning of year contract liability Contract liability, net of revenue recognized on contracts during the year Currency translation adjustments Contract liability, June 30, 2023 $ $ 468.2 (30.3) 31.7 (4.8) 464.8 57 Deferred costs The balance is as follows: June 30, Deferred costs to obtain a contract Deferred costs to fulfill a contract Total deferred contract costs (1) 2023 2022 $ $ 1,251.6 $ 1,518.1 2,769.7 $ 1,144.8 1,434.9 2,579.7 (1) The amount of total deferred costs amortized during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023, June 30, 2022, and June 30, 2021 were $992.9 million, $955.2 million, and $935.3 million, respectively. Deferred costs are periodically reviewed for impairment. There were no impairment losses incurred during the period. NOTE 3. OTHER (INCOME)/EXPENSE, NET Other (income)/expense, net consists of the following: Years ended June 30, Interest income on corporate funds Realized losses/(gains) on available-for-sale securities, net Impairment of assets Gain on sale of assets Non-service components of pension income, net Other (income)/expense, net 2023 2022 2021 $ (149.5) $ 14.7 2.1 — (50.8) (183.5) $ $ (41.0) $ 4.4 23.0 (7.5) (61.7) (82.8) $ (36.5) (11.3) 19.9 (9.8) (58.6) (96.3) In fiscal 2023, interest income on corporate funds increased as compared to fiscal 2022, due to higher average interest rates of 2.4% for the year ended June 30, 2023, as compared to 1.0% for the year ended June 30, 2022, coupled with higher average investment balances for the year ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the year ended June 30, 2022. In fiscal 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $23.0 million, which is comprised of $12.1 million related to software and customer lists which were determined to have no future use and impairment charges of $10.9 million related to operating right-of-use assets associated with exiting certain leases early. In fiscal 2021, the Company recorded impairment charges of $19.9 million which is comprised of a write down of $10.5 million related to internally developed software which was determined to have no future use, impairment charges of $9.4 million related to operating right-of-use assets and certain related fixed assets associated with exiting certain leased locations early, and recognizing certain owned facilities at fair value given intent to sell and accordingly classified as held for sale. See Note 10 of our Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on non-service components of pension income, net. 58 NOTE 4. CORPORATE INVESTMENTS AND FUNDS HELD FOR CLIENTS Corporate investments and funds held for clients at June 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: Type of issue: Money market securities, cash and other cash equivalents Available-for-sale securities: Corporate bonds U.S. Treasury securities Canadian government obligations and Canadian government agency obligations U.S. government agency securities Asset-backed securities Canadian provincial bonds Commercial mortgage-backed securities Other securities June 30, 2023 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (A) $ 8,771.5 $ — $ — $ 8,771.5 15,870.7 8,054.7 2,070.4 1,670.0 1,234.7 1,000.5 679.2 1,391.6 4.7 0.7 — 0.2 — 0.2 — 1.7 (1,308.3) 14,567.1 (290.4) 7,765.0 (145.0) (179.8) (69.7) (78.1) (46.7) (96.4) 1,925.4 1,490.4 1,165.0 922.6 632.5 1,296.9 Total available-for-sale securities 31,971.8 7.5 (2,214.4) 29,764.9 Total corporate investments and funds held for clients $ 40,743.3 $ 7.5 $ (2,214.4) $ 38,536.4 (A) Included within available-for-sale securities are corporate investments with fair values of $119.3 million and funds held for clients with fair values of $29,645.6 million. All available-for-sale securities are included in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Type of issue: Money market securities, cash and other cash equivalents Available-for-sale securities: Corporate bonds U.S. Treasury securities Asset-backed securities Canadian government obligations and Canadian government agency obligations U.S. government agency securities Canadian provincial bonds Commercial mortgage-backed securities Other securities June 30, 2022 Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Amortized Cost Fair Value (B) $ 22,783.0 $ — $ — $ 22,783.0 16,183.1 5,003.6 1,995.7 2,022.9 1,728.2 994.3 858.7 1,326.5 3.9 2.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 2.2 (1,083.0) (171.1) (58.8) 15,104.0 4,834.7 1,937.4 (123.5) (138.2) (62.7) (29.9) (63.9) 1,899.5 1,590.1 932.0 829.1 1,264.8 Total available-for-sale securities 30,113.0 9.7 (1,731.1) 28,391.6 Total corporate investments and funds held for clients $ 52,896.0 $ 9.7 $ (1,731.1) $ 51,174.6 (B) Included within available-for-sale securities are corporate investments with fair values of $169.1 million and funds held for clients with fair values of $28,222.5 million. All available-for-sale securities were included in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. 59 For a description of the fair value hierarchy and the Company's fair value methodologies, including the use of an independent third-party pricing service, see Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” The Company concurred with and did not adjust the prices obtained from the independent pricing service. The Company had no available-for-sale securities included in Level 1 or Level 3 at June 30, 2023. The unrealized losses and fair values of available-for-sale securities that have been in an unrealized loss position for a period of less than and greater than 12 months as of June 30, 2023, are as follows: June 30, 2023 Securities in unrealized loss position less than 12 months Securities in unrealized loss position greater than 12 months Total Gross Fair Gross Market Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Market Value Unrealized Losses Unrealized Losses Fair Market Value Corporate bonds $ (62.0) $ 2,255.9 $ (1,246.3) $ 12,050.5 $ (1,308.3) $ 14,306.4 U.S. Treasury securities Canadian government obligations and Canadian government agency obligations U.S. government agency securities Asset-backed securities Canadian provincial bonds Commercial mortgage-backed securities Other securities (85.5) 4,629.4 (204.9) 2,876.3 (290.4) 7,505.7 (5.8) (0.6) (2.0) (2.7) (6.7) (14.5) 333.9 28.2 159.7 127.0 126.9 574.0 (139.2) 1,588.0 (145.0) 1,921.9 (179.2) 1,432.2 (179.8) 1,460.4 (67.7) (75.4) (40.0) (81.9) 975.6 757.3 505.6 629.0 (69.7) 1,135.3 (78.1) (46.7) 884.3 632.5 (96.4) 1,203.0 $ (179.8) $ 8,235.0 $ (2,034.6) $ 20,814.5 $ (2,214.4) $ 29,049.5 The unrealized losses and fair values of available-for-sale securities that have been in an unrealized loss position for a period of less than and greater than 12 months as of June 30, 2022 are as follows: June 30, 2022 Securities in unrealized loss position less than 12 months Securities in unrealized loss position greater than 12 months Total Gross Fair Gross Market Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Market Value Unrealized Losses Unrealized Losses Fair Market Value Corporate bonds U.S. Treasury securities Asset-backed securities $ (824.0) $ 11,525.4 $ (126.4) 2,919.6 (259.0) $ 2,356.7 $ (1,083.0) $ 13,882.1 (171.1) 3,384.2 (44.7) 464.6 (52.6) 1,444.9 (6.2) 59.9 (58.8) 1,504.8 Canadian government obligations and Canadian government agency obligations U.S. government agency securities Canadian provincial bonds Commercial mortgage-backed securities Other securities (110.0) (75.3) 1,782.6 859.3 (45.4) (29.5) (42.6) 726.9 802.8 737.3 (13.5) (62.9) (17.3) (0.4) 113.3 695.6 133.2 4.3 (21.3) 178.2 (123.5) 1,895.9 (138.2) 1,554.9 (62.7) (29.9) (63.9) 860.1 807.1 915.5 $ (1,305.8) $ 20,798.8 $ (425.3) $ 4,005.8 $ (1,731.1) $ 24,804.6 At June 30, 2023, Corporate bonds include investment-grade debt securities, with a wide variety of issuers, industries, and sectors, primarily carry credit ratings of A and above, and have maturities ranging from July 2023 through May 2033. At June 30, 2023, asset-backed securities include AAA-rated senior tranches of securities with predominately prime collateral of fixed-rate auto loan, credit card, and equipment lease receivables with fair values of $569.5 million, $406.6 million, and $163.2 million, respectively. These securities are collateralized by the cash flows of the underlying pools of receivables. The 60 primary risk associated with these securities is the collection risk of the underlying receivables. All collateral on such asset- backed securities has performed as expected through June 30, 2023. At June 30, 2023, U.S. government agency securities primarily include debt directly issued by Federal Farm Credit Banks and Federal Home Loan Banks with fair values of $969.0 million and $443.6 million, respectively. U.S. government agency securities represent senior, unsecured, non-callable debt that primarily carry ratings of Aaa by Moody's and AA+ by Standard & Poor's, with maturities ranging from December 2023 through March 2033. At June 30, 2023, U.S. government agency commercial mortgage-backed securities of $632.5 million include those issued by Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association. At June 30, 2023, other securities primarily include municipal bonds, diversified with a variety of issuers, with credit ratings of A and above, with fair values of $535.8 million, AA-rated United Kingdom Gilt securities of $383.1 million and AAA-rated supranational bonds of $207.5 million. Classification of corporate investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is as follows: June 30, Corporate investments: Cash and cash equivalents Short-term marketable securities (a) Long-term marketable securities (b) Total corporate investments 2023 2022 $ $ 2,083.5 $ 14.7 104.6 2,202.8 $ 1,436.3 47.0 122.1 1,605.4 (a) - Short-term marketable securities are included within Other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. (b) - Long-term marketable securities are included within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Funds held for clients represent assets that, based upon the Company's intent, are restricted for use solely for the purposes of satisfying the obligations to remit funds relating to the Company’s payroll and payroll tax filing services, which are classified as client funds obligations on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Funds held for clients have been invested in the following categories: June 30, Funds held for clients: Restricted cash and cash equivalents held to satisfy client funds obligations Restricted short-term marketable securities held to satisfy client funds obligations Restricted long-term marketable securities held to satisfy client funds obligations Total funds held for clients 2023 2022 $ $ 6,688.0 $ 5,601.9 24,043.7 36,333.6 $ 21,346.7 4,263.1 23,959.4 49,569.2 Client funds obligations represent the Company's contractual obligations to remit funds to satisfy clients' payroll, tax and other payee payment obligations and are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at the time that the Company impounds funds from clients. The client funds obligations represent liabilities that will be repaid within one year of the balance sheet date. The Company has reported client funds obligations as a current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets totaling $38,538.6 million and $51,285.5 million as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company has classified funds held for clients as a current asset since these funds are held solely for the purposes of satisfying the client funds obligations. Of the Company’s funds held for clients at June 30, 2023, $32,758.1 million are held in the grantor trust. The liabilities held within the trust are intercompany liabilities to other Company subsidiaries and eliminate in consolidation. The Company has reported the cash flows related to the purchases of corporate and client funds marketable securities and related to the proceeds from the sales and maturities of corporate and client funds marketable securities on a gross basis in the investing section of the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows. The Company has reported the cash and cash equivalents related to client funds investments with original maturities of ninety days or less, within the beginning and ending balances of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents. The Company has reported the cash flows related to the cash received from and paid on behalf of clients on a net basis within net increase in client funds obligations in the financing activities section of the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows. 61 All available-for-sale securities were rated as investment grade at June 30, 2023. Expected maturities of available-for-sale securities at June 30, 2023 are as follows: One year or less One year to two years Two years to three years Three years to four years After four years Total available-for-sale securities $ $ 5,616.6 5,802.6 7,038.6 4,314.7 6,992.4 29,764.9 NOTE 5. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT Property, plant and equipment at cost and accumulated depreciation at June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: June 30, Property, plant and equipment: Land and buildings Data processing equipment Furniture, leaseholds and other Less: accumulated depreciation Property, plant and equipment, net 2023 2022 $ $ 682.2 $ 1,087.5 669.3 2,439.0 (1,757.6) 681.4 $ 675.0 972.4 634.3 2,281.7 (1,629.1) 652.6 Depreciation of property, plant and equipment was $176.5 million, $171.0 million, and $183.3 million for fiscal 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company has certain assets classified as held for sale given intent to sell. The fair value of these assets was approximately $17.3 million and $5.0 million as of June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is not material for reclassification separately on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. NOTE 6. LEASES The Company records leases on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as operating lease ROU assets, records the current portion of operating lease liabilities within accrued expenses and other current liabilities and, separately, records long-term operating lease liabilities. The difference between total ROU assets and total lease liabilities are primarily attributable to pre-payments of our obligations and the recognition of various lease incentives. The Company has entered into operating lease agreements for facilities and equipment. The Company's leases have remaining lease terms of up to approximately eleven years. The components of operating lease expense were as follows: Operating lease cost Short-term lease cost Variable lease cost Total operating lease cost Year ended June 30, 2022 2023 135.2 $ 144.7 $ 2.0 16.1 1.1 11.5 153.3 $ 157.3 $ 2021 157.8 1.3 7.6 166.7 $ $ 62 The following table provides supplemental cash flow information related to the Company's leases: Year ended June 30, 2022 2023 Cash paid for operating lease liabilities Operating lease ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities $ $ 129.2 90.5 $ $ 127.6 127.4 $ $ Other information related to our operating lease liabilities is as follows: 2021 142.2 120.2 June 30, 2023 June 30, 2022 Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) Weighted-average discount rate Current operating lease liability 6 2.7 % $ 95.5 $ As of June 30, 2023, maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows: $ $ 6 2.2 % 95.1 106.8 93.0 79.7 70.8 52.4 76.1 478.8 (33.4) 445.4 Total PEO Services Employer Services $ 2,333.6 $ 11.1 (49.0) $ 2,295.7 $ 26.2 12.7 $ 2,334.6 $ 4.8 $ 2,338.4 11.1 — — (49.0) 4.8 $ 2,300.5 26.2 — — 12.7 4.8 $ 2,339.4 Twelve months ending June 30, 2024 Twelve months ending June 30, 2025 Twelve months ending June 30, 2026 Twelve months ending June 30, 2027 Twelve months ending June 30, 2028 Thereafter Total undiscounted lease obligations Less: Imputed interest Net lease obligations NOTE 7. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET Changes in goodwill for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: Balance at June 30, 2021 Additions and other adjustments Currency translation adjustments Balance at June 30, 2022 Additions and other adjustments Currency translation adjustments Balance at June 30, 2023 63 Components of intangible assets, net, are as follows: June 30, Intangible assets: Software and software licenses Customer contracts and lists Other intangibles Less accumulated amortization: Software and software licenses Customer contracts and lists Other intangibles Intangible assets, net 2023 2022 $ 3,548.9 $ 1,140.6 241.9 4,931.4 3,271.3 1,104.7 241.2 4,617.2 (2,442.6) (907.5) (237.7) (3,587.8) 1,343.6 $ $ (2,251.9) (798.9) (233.3) (3,284.1) 1,333.1 Other intangibles consist primarily of purchased rights, purchased content, trademarks and trade names (acquired directly or through acquisitions). All intangible assets have finite lives and, as such, are subject to amortization. The weighted average remaining useful life of the intangible assets is 5 years (6 years for software and software licenses, 3 years for customer contracts and lists, and 1 year for other intangibles). Amortization of intangible assets was $372.8 million, $344.1 million, and $327.4 million for fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Estimated future amortization expenses of the Company's existing intangible assets are as follows: Twelve months ending June 30, 2024 Twelve months ending June 30, 2025 Twelve months ending June 30, 2026 Twelve months ending June 30, 2027 Twelve months ending June 30, 2028 NOTE 8. SHORT TERM FINANCING Amount 470.5 236.8 164.8 136.1 98.5 $ $ $ $ $ The Company has a $4.25 billion, 364-day credit agreement that matures in June 2024 with a one-year term-out option. The Company also has a five year $3.2 billion credit facility maturing in June 2026 that contains an accordion feature under which the aggregate commitment can be increased by $500 million, subject to the availability of additional commitments. In addition, the Company also has a $2.25 billion five year credit facility that matures in June 2028 that contains an accordion feature under which the aggregate commitment can be increased by $500 million, subject to the availability of additional commitments. The interest rate applicable to committed borrowings is tied to SOFR, the effective federal funds rate, or the prime rate depending on the notification provided by the Company to the syndicated financial institutions prior to borrowing. The Company is also required to pay facility fees on the credit agreements. The primary uses of the credit facilities are to provide liquidity to the commercial paper program and funding for general corporate purposes, if necessary. The Company had no borrowings through June 30, 2023 and 2022 under the credit agreements. The Company's U.S. short-term funding requirements related to client funds are sometimes obtained on an unsecured basis through the issuance of commercial paper, rather than liquidating previously-collected client funds that have already been invested in available-for-sale securities. This commercial paper program provides for the issuance of up to $9.7 billion in aggregate maturity value. The Company’s commercial paper program is rated A-1+ by Standard & Poor’s, Prime-1 (“P-1”) by Moody’s and F1+ by Fitch. These ratings denote the highest quality commercial paper securities. Maturities of commercial paper can range from overnight to up to 364 days. At June 30, 2023 and 2022 the Company had no commercial paper borrowing outstanding. Details of the borrowings under the commercial paper program are as follows: Years ended June 30, Average daily borrowings (in billions) Weighted average interest rates Weighted average maturity (approximately in days) $ 2023 2022 $ 3.4 3.7 % 2 days 2.0 0.4 % 1 day 64 The Company’s U.S., Canadian and United Kingdom short-term funding requirements related to client funds obligations are sometimes obtained on a secured basis through the use of reverse repurchase agreements, which are collateralized principally by government and government agency securities, rather than liquidating previously-collected client funds that have already been invested in available-for-sale securities. These agreements generally have terms ranging from overnight to up to five business days. At June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company had $105.4 million and $136.4 million, respectively, of outstanding obligations related to the reverse repurchase agreements. Details of the reverse repurchase agreements are as follows: Years ended June 30, Average outstanding balances Weighted average interest rates NOTE 9. DEBT 2023 2022 $ 1,279.9 $ 299.6 4.3 % 0.7 % The Company issued three series of fixed-rate notes with staggered maturities of 7 and 10-years totaling $3.0 billion (collectively the “Notes”). The Notes are senior unsecured obligations, and interest is payable in arrears, semi-annually. The principal amounts and associated effective interest rates of the Notes and other debt as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: Debt instrument Fixed-rate 3.375% notes due September 15, 2025 Fixed-rate 1.250% notes due September 1, 2030 Fixed-rate 1.700% notes due May 15, 2028 Other Less: current portion (a) Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs Total long-term debt Effective Interest Rate June 30, 2023 June 30, 2022 3.47% 1.83% 1.85% 1,000.0 1,000.0 1,000.0 4.9 1,000.0 1,000.0 1,000.0 6.0 3,004.9 3,006.0 (1.2) (14.7) (1.2) (17.7) $ 2,989.0 $ 2,987.1 (a) - Current portion of long-term debt as of June 30, 2023 is included within Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The effective interest rates for the Notes include the interest on the Notes and amortization of the discount and debt issuance costs. As of June 30, 2023, the fair value of the Notes, based on Level 2 inputs, was $2,653.9 million. For a description of the fair value hierarchy and the Company's fair value methodologies, including the use of an independent third-party pricing service, see Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” NOTE 10. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS A. Stock-based Compensation Plans. Stock-based compensation consists of the following: The Company's share-based compensation consists of stock options, time-based restricted stock, time-based restricted stock units, performance-based restricted stock, and performance-based restricted stock units. The Company also offers an employee stock purchase plan for eligible employees. Beginning in September 2022, the Company discontinued granting stock options, time-based restricted stock and performance-based restricted stock. Any such future awards will be grants of time-based restricted stock units and/or performance-based restricted stock units, depending on employee eligibility. Time-based restricted stock unit awards and performance-based restricted stock unit awards granted to employees with a home country of the United States are settled in stock, and for awards granted to employees with a home country outside the United States are generally settled in cash. • Restricted Stock. • Time-Based Restricted Stock Units. Time-based restricted stock units generally vest ratably over 3 years. Awards are generally forfeited if the employee ceases to be employed by the Company prior to vesting. 65 Time-based restricted stock unit awards granted to employees with a home country of the United States are settled in stock and cannot be transferred during the vesting period. Time-based restricted stock unit awards granted to employees with a home country outside the United States are generally settled in cash and cannot be transferred during the vesting period. Compensation expense relating to the issuance of share-settled units is measured based on the fair value of the award on the grant date and recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Compensation expense relating to the issuance of cash-settled units is recorded over the vesting period and is initially based on the fair value of the award on the grant date and is subsequently remeasured at each reporting date during the vesting period based on the change in the ADP stock price. Dividend cash equivalents are paid on share-settled units, and dividend cash equivalents are not paid on cash- settled units. • Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units. Performance-based restricted stock units generally vest over a one to three year performance period and a subsequent service period of up to 38 months. Under these programs, the Company communicates “target awards” at the beginning of the performance period with possible payouts at the end of the performance period ranging from 0% to 200% of the “target awards.” Awards are generally forfeited if the employee ceases to be employed by the Company prior to vesting. Performance-based restricted stock units cannot be transferred and are settled in either cash or stock, depending on the employee's home country. Compensation expense relating to the issuance of performance- based restricted stock units settled in cash is recognized over the vesting period initially based on the fair value of the award on the grant date with subsequent adjustments to the number of units awarded during the performance period based on probable and actual performance against targets. In addition, compensation expense is remeasured at each reporting period during the vesting period based on the change in the ADP stock price. Compensation expense relating to the issuance of performance-based restricted stock units settled in stock is recorded over the vesting period based on the fair value of the award on the grant date with subsequent adjustments to the number of units awarded based on the probable and actual performance against targets. Dividend equivalents are paid on awards under the performance-based restricted stock unit program. • Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The Company offers an employee stock purchase plan that allows eligible employees to purchase shares of common stock at a price equal to 95% of the market value for the Company's common stock on the last day of the offering period. This plan has been deemed non-compensatory and, therefore, no compensation expense has been recorded. The Company currently utilizes treasury stock to satisfy stock option exercises, issuances under the Company's employee stock purchase plan, and restricted stock awards. From time to time, the Company may repurchase shares of its common stock under its authorized share repurchase program. The Company repurchased 4.9 million shares in fiscal 2023 as compared to 9.2 million shares repurchased in fiscal 2022. The Company considers several factors in determining when to execute share repurchases, including, among other things, actual and potential acquisition activity, cash balances and cash flows, issuances due to employee benefit plan activity, and market conditions. Cash payments related to the settlement of vested time-based restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units were approximately 23.5 million, 22.1 million, and 10.7 million during fiscal years 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The following table represents stock-based compensation expense and related income tax benefits in each of fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively: Years ended June 30, Operating expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses System development and programming costs Total pretax stock-based compensation expense Income tax benefit 2023 2022 2021 24.6 $ 165.0 30.8 220.4 $ 19.7 $ 155.7 26.3 201.7 $ 17.9 133.9 23.5 175.3 54.5 $ 49.1 $ 43.0 $ $ $ As of June 30, 2023, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards amounted to $8.3 million, $137.1 million, and $53.5 million, respectively, which will be amortized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service periods of 1.8 years, 1.9 years, and 1.3 years, respectively. 66 In fiscal 2023, the following activity occurred under the Company’s existing plans. Stock Options: Options outstanding at July 1, 2022 Options granted Options exercised Options forfeited/cancelled Options outstanding at June 30, 2023 Options exercisable at June 30, 2023 Shares available for future grants, end of year Shares reserved for issuance under stock option plans, end of year Time-Based Restricted Stock and Time-Based Restricted Stock Units: Restricted shares/units outstanding at July 1, 2022 Restricted shares/units granted Restricted shares/units vested Restricted shares/units forfeited Restricted shares/units outstanding at June 30, 2023 Performance-Based Restricted Stock and Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units: Restricted shares/units outstanding at July 1, 2022 Restricted shares/units granted Restricted shares/units vested Restricted shares/units forfeited Restricted shares/units outstanding at June 30, 2023 Number of Options (in thousands) Weighted Average Price (in dollars) 152 — 139 173 155 141 3,474 $ — $ (798) $ (22) $ 2,654 $ 1,546 $ 21,012 23,666 Number of Shares (in thousands) Number of Units (in thousands) 1,021 4 (541) (34) 450 173 671 (87) (27) 730 Number of Shares (in thousands) 222 95 (106) (14) 197 Number of Units (in thousands) 757 330 (256) (10) 821 The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding stock options and exercisable stock options as of June 30, 2023 was $171.7 million and $121.3 million, respectively, which have a remaining life of 6 years and 5 years, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value for stock options exercised in fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021 was $80.6 million, $80.8 million, and $58.6 million, respectively. The fair value for stock options granted was estimated at the date of grant using the following assumptions: Risk-free interest rate Dividend yield Weighted average volatility factor Weighted average expected life (in years) Weighted average fair value (in dollars) 2023 2022 2021 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A $ 0 % 1.8 % 22.7 % 4.9 33.03 $ 0.1 % 2.6 % 25.8 % 5.4 21.66 67 The weighted average fair values of shares granted were as follows: Year ended June 30, (in dollars) Performance-based restricted stock Time-based restricted stock B. Pension Plans 2023 2022 2021 $ $ 245.96 $ 206.86 $ 138.53 214.75 $ 208.08 $ 141.52 The Company has a defined benefit cash balance pension plan. The U.S. pension plan, which is currently closed to new entrants, was frozen effective July 1, 2020. As of July 1, 2020 and onward, participants will retain their accrued benefits and will not accrue any future benefits due to pay and/or service. The plan interest credit rate varies from year-to-year based on the ten-year U.S. Treasury rate. The Company's policy is to make contributions within the range determined by generally accepted actuarial principles. The Company also has various retirement plans for its non-U.S. employees and maintains a Supplemental Officers Retirement Plan (“SORP”). The SORP is a defined benefit plan pursuant to which the Company pays supplemental pension benefits to certain corporate officers upon retirement based upon the officers' years of service and compensation. The SORP, which is currently closed to new entrants, was frozen effective July 1, 2019, with no future accruals due to pay and/or service. A June 30 measurement date was used in determining the Company's benefit obligations and fair value of plan assets. The Company is required to (a) recognize in its Consolidated Balance Sheets an asset for a plan's net overfunded status or a liability for a plan's net underfunded status, (b) measure a plan's assets and its obligations that determine its funded status as of the end of the employer's fiscal year, and (c) recognize changes in the funded status of a defined benefit plan in the year in which the changes occur in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The Company's pension plans' funded status as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 is as follows: June 30, 2023 2022 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year Actual return on plan assets Employer contributions Currency translation adjustments Benefits paid Fair value of plan assets at end of year Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year Service cost Interest cost Actuarial gain (a) Currency translation adjustments Plan changes Acquisitions Benefits paid Projected benefit obligation at end of year $ 1,800.5 $ 2,306.3 126.6 17.0 (3.0) (406.7) 10.7 (16.4) (86.7) 1,854.4 $ (93.4) 1,800.5 $ $ 1,779.0 $ 2,149.3 4.8 78.2 5.7 52.3 (48.2) (319.2) (2.0) (22.5) — 0.7 6.8 — (86.7) (93.4) $ 1,725.8 $ 1,779.0 Funded status - plan assets less benefit obligations $ 128.6 $ 21.5 (a) The actuarial gain for fiscal 2023 was primarily due to a higher discount rate used to value plan liabilities. 68 The amounts recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 consisted of: June 30, Noncurrent assets Current liabilities Noncurrent liabilities Net amount recognized 2023 2022 $ 247.7 $ 148.5 (5.6) (5.3) (113.5) (121.7) $ 128.6 $ 21.5 The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $1,712.1 million and $1,765.3 million at June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company's pension plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 had the following projected benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets: June 30, Projected benefit obligation Fair value of plan assets 2023 2022 $ $ 146.1 $ 27.0 $ 145.5 18.5 The Company's pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets as of June 30, 2023 and 2022 had the following accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets: June 30, Accumulated benefit obligation Fair value of plan assets 2023 2022 $ $ 117.0 $ 8.3 $ 132.0 18.5 The components of net pension (income)/ expense were as follows: Service cost – benefits earned during the year Interest cost on projected benefits Expected return on plan assets Net amortization and deferral Special termination benefits, plan curtailments, and settlement charges Net pension (income)/expense 2023 2022 2021 $ 4.8 $ 5.7 $ 78.2 52.3 4.9 51.4 (127.5) (127.9) (121.3) 1.9 — 7.5 9.0 9.3 2.9 $ (42.6) $ (53.4) $ (52.8) The net actuarial loss and prior service cost for the defined benefit pension plans that are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) that have not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost are $293.0 million and $5.5 million, respectively, at June 30, 2023. There is no remaining transition obligation for the defined benefit pension plans included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Assumptions used to determine the actuarial present value of benefit obligations were: Years ended June 30, Discount rate Interest crediting rate Increase in compensation levels 2023 2022 5.10 % 3.50 % N/A 4.60 % 3.25 % N/A 69 Assumptions used to determine the net pension expense generally were: Years ended June 30, Discount rate Interest crediting rate Expected long-term rate of return on assets Increase in compensation levels 2023 2022 2021 4.60 % 3.25 % 6.75 % N/A 2.55 % 3.25 % 6.75 % N/A 2.45 % 3.25 % 6.75 % 4.00 % The discount rate is based upon published rates for high-quality fixed-income investments that produce cash flows that approximate the timing and amount of expected future benefit payments. The interest crediting rate is based on the current and expected future ten-year U.S. Treasury rates and a minimum of 3.25%. The expected long-term rate of return on assets is determined based on historical and expected future rates of return on plan assets considering the target asset mix and the long-term investment strategy. Plan Assets The Company's pension plans' asset allocations at June 30, 2023 and 2022 by asset category were as follows: Cash and cash equivalents Fixed income securities U.S. equity securities International equity securities Global equity securities 2023 2022 — % 39 % 19 % 15 % 27 % 100 % 2 % 39 % 19 % 15 % 25 % 100 % The Company's pension plans' asset investment strategy is designed to ensure prudent management of assets, consistent with long-term return objectives and the prompt fulfillment of all pension plan obligations. The investment strategy and asset mix were developed in coordination with an asset liability study conducted by external consultants to maximize the funded ratio with the least amount of volatility. The pension plans' assets are currently invested in various asset classes with differing expected rates of return, correlations, and volatilities, including large capitalization and small capitalization U.S. equities, international equities, U.S. fixed income securities, and cash. The target asset allocation ranges for the U.S. plan are generally as follows: U.S. fixed income securities U.S. equity securities International equity securities Global equity securities 35% - 45% 14% - 24% 11% - 21% 20% - 30% As of June 30, 2023 and 2022, the U.S. pension plan asset allocation is within the target ranges. The pension plans' fixed income portfolio is designed to match the duration and liquidity characteristics of the pension plans' liabilities. In addition, the pension plans invest only in investment-grade debt securities to ensure preservation of capital. The pension plans' equity portfolios are subject to diversification guidelines to reduce the impact of losses in single investments. Investment managers are prohibited from buying or selling commodities and from the short selling of securities. None of the pension plans' assets are directly invested in the Company's stock, although the pension plans may hold a minimal amount of Company stock to the extent of the Company's participation in equity indices. 70 The pension plans' investments included in Level 1 are valued using closing prices for identical instruments that are traded on active exchanges. The pension plans' investments included in Level 2 are valued utilizing inputs obtained from an independent pricing service, which are reviewed by the Company for reasonableness. To determine the fair value of our Level 2 plan assets, a variety of inputs are utilized, including benchmark yields, reported trades, non-binding broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, reference data, new issue data, and monthly payment information. The pension plans have no Level 3 investments at June 30, 2023. The following table presents the investments of the pension plans measured at fair value at June 30, 2023: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Commingled trusts Government securities Mutual funds Corporate and municipal bonds Mortgage-backed security bonds Total pension asset investments $ — $ 829.5 $ — $ — 18.2 — — 351.7 279.0 355.1 18.7 — — — — 829.5 351.7 297.2 355.1 18.7 $ 18.2 $ 1,834.0 $ — $ 1,852.2 In addition to the investments in the above table, the pension plans also held cash and cash equivalents of $2.2 million as of June 30, 2023, which have been classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The following table presents the investments of the pension plans measured at fair value at June 30, 2022: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Commingled trusts U.S. government securities Mutual funds Corporate and municipal bonds Mortgage-backed security bonds Total pension asset investments $ — $ 798.2 $ — $ — 11.0 — — 350.7 252.6 322.4 32.8 — — — — 798.2 350.7 263.6 322.4 32.8 $ 11.0 $ 1,756.7 $ — $ 1,767.7 In addition to the investments in the above table, the pension plans also held cash and cash equivalents of $32.8 million as of June 30, 2022, which have been classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Contributions During fiscal 2023, the Company contributed $17.0 million to the pension plans. The Company expects to contribute $8.0 million to the pension plans during fiscal 2024. Estimated Future Benefit Payments The benefits expected to be paid in each year from fiscal 2024 to the year ended June 30, 2028 are $124.0 million, $140.4 million, $146.5 million, $126.7 million, and $125.1 million, respectively. The aggregate benefits expected to be paid in the five fiscal years from the year ended June 30, 2029 to the year ended June 30, 2033 are $661.3 million. The expected benefits to be paid are based on the same assumptions used to measure the Company's pension plans' benefit obligations at June 30, 2023 and includes estimated future employee service. C. Retirement and Savings Plan. The Company has a 401(k) retirement and savings plan, which allows eligible employees to contribute up to 50% of their compensation annually and allows highly compensated employees to contribute up to 12% of their compensation annually. The Company matches a portion of employee contributions, which amounted to approximately $163.6 million, $153.1 million, and $130.8 million for the calendar years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. 71 NOTE 11. INCOME TAXES Earnings before income taxes shown below are based on the geographic location to which such earnings are attributable. Years ended June 30, 2023 2022 2021 Earnings before income taxes: United States Foreign $ 4,091.4 $ 3,461.8 $ 3,010.9 346.2 342.3 350.3 $ 4,437.6 $ 3,804.1 $ 3,361.2 The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of the following components: Years ended June 30, 2023 2022 2021 Current: Federal Foreign State Total current Deferred: Federal Foreign State Total deferred $ 840.0 $ 620.7 $ 104.6 161.1 1,105.7 97.5 100.4 818.6 749.3 121.9 142.6 1,013.8 (77.4) 20.7 4.3 (12.9) (7.0) (80.1) 28.8 36.6 (182.6) (19.1) (49.4) (251.1) Total provision for income taxes $ 1,025.6 $ 855.2 $ 762.7 A reconciliation between the Company's effective tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory rate is as follows: Years ended June 30, 2023 % 2022 % 2021 % Provision for taxes at U.S. statutory rate $ 931.9 21.0 $ 798.9 21.0 $ 705.9 21.0 Increase/(decrease) in provision from: State taxes, net of federal tax benefit Foreign rate differential Excess tax benefit - Stock-based compensation Other 111.2 33.1 (19.0) (31.6) 2.5 0.7 (0.4) (0.7) 91.8 41.3 (19.9) (56.9) 2.4 1.1 (0.5) (1.5) 67.2 34.0 (8.8) (35.6) $ 1,025.6 23.1 $ 855.2 22.5 $ 762.7 2.0 1.0 (0.2) (1.1) 22.7 The effective tax rate in fiscal 2023 and 2022 was 23.1% and 22.5%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily due to an intercompany transfer of certain assets that resulted in a lower effective tax rate in fiscal 2022 and higher reserves for uncertain tax positions in fiscal 2023. The effective tax rate for fiscal 2022 and 2021 was 22.5% and 22.7%, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate is primarily due to a favorable earnings mix, lower reserves for uncertain tax positions, and an intercompany transfer of certain assets in fiscal 2022, partially offset by favorable adjustments to prior year tax liabilities and a foreign tax election in fiscal 2021. 72 The significant components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities and their balance sheet classifications are as follows: Years ended June 30, Deferred tax assets: Accrued expenses not currently deductible Stock-based compensation expense Foreign tax credits Fixed and intangible assets Net operating losses Prepaid royalty Unrealized investment losses, net Other Less: valuation allowances Deferred tax assets, net Deferred tax liabilities: Deferred revenue Fixed and intangible assets Prepaid expenses Prepaid retirement benefits Tax on unrepatriated earnings Other Deferred tax liabilities Net deferred tax (assets)/liabilities 2023 2022 $ 209.5 $ 48.8 13.3 108.2 37.5 18.0 519.5 39.9 994.7 212.1 43.5 5.9 — 34.1 33.7 407.2 38.3 774.8 (18.6) (18.9) $ 976.1 $ 755.9 $ 578.1 $ 529.9 — 78.9 30.8 10.1 20.7 718.6 $ (257.5) $ 6.5 94.8 4.6 11.5 18.2 665.5 (90.4) There are $331.1 million and $157.4 million of long-term deferred tax assets included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Income taxes have not been provided on undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries in an aggregate amount of approximately $53.1 million as the Company considers such earnings to be permanently reinvested outside of the United States. As of June 30, 2023, it is not practicable to estimate the unrecognized tax liability that would occur upon distribution. The Company has estimated foreign net operating loss carry-forwards of approximately $78.1 million as of June 30, 2023, of which $1.3 million expire through June 2033 and $76.8 million have an indefinite utilization period. As of June 30, 2023, the Company has approximately $19.0 million of federal net operating loss carry-forwards from acquired companies. The net operating losses have an annual utilization limitation pursuant to section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and expire through June 2036. The Company has state net operating loss carry-forwards of approximately $173.3 million as of June 30, 2023, which expire through June 2042. The Company has recorded valuation allowances of $18.6 million and $18.9 million at June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, to reflect the estimated amount of domestic and foreign deferred tax assets that may not be realized. Income tax payments were approximately $1,080.7 million, $856.8 million, and $973.7 million for fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. As of June 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021 the Company's liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits, which include interest and penalties, were $116.9 million, $98.1 million, and $99.9 million respectively. The amount that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate is $83.6 million, $68.1 million, and $68.5 million, respectively. The remainder, if recognized, would principally impact deferred taxes. 73 A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows: 2023 2022 2021 Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of the year $ 98.1 $ 99.9 $ Additions for tax positions Additions for tax positions of prior periods Reductions for tax positions of prior periods Settlement with tax authorities Expiration of the statute of limitations Impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations Unrecognized tax benefit at end of year 11.3 16.8 (5.0) (1.8) (1.0) (1.5) 8.0 11.6 (8.5) (2.0) (9.2) (1.7) 62.3 18.8 32.5 (11.0) (1.3) (1.5) 0.1 $ 116.9 $ 98.1 $ 99.9 Interest expense and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions have been recorded in the provision for income taxes on the Statements of Consolidated Earnings. During the fiscal years 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company recorded interest expense of $9.1 million, $3.5 million, and $10.8 million, respectively. Penalties recorded during fiscal years 2023 and 2021 were not significant. During fiscal year 2022, the Company recorded penalties of $0.3 million. At June 30, 2023, the Company had accrued interest of $30.0 million recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets within other liabilities. At June 30, 2022, the Company had accrued interest of $21.9 million recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, of which $4.5 million was recorded within income taxes payable, and the remainder was recorded within other liabilities. At June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the Company’s accrued penalties recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets within other liabilities were not material. At June 30, 2022, the Company's accrued penalties of $0.3 million, were recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets within income taxes payable. The Company is routinely examined by the IRS and tax authorities in foreign countries in which it conducts business, as well as tax authorities in states in which it has significant business operations. The tax years currently under examination vary by jurisdiction. Examinations in progress in which the Company has significant business operations are as follows: Taxing Jurisdiction Fiscal Years under Examination U.S. (IRS) Arizona Illinois Massachusetts New York City New York State India 2023 2016 - 2020 2019 - 2020 2016 - 2020 2016 - 2021 2016 - 2019 2014 - 2018, 2020 - 2021 The Company regularly considers the likelihood of assessments resulting from examinations in each of the jurisdictions. The resolution of tax matters is not expected to have a material effect on the consolidated financial condition of the Company, although a resolution could have a material impact on the Company's Statements of Consolidated Earnings for a particular future period and on the Company's effective tax rate. If certain pending tax matters settle within the next twelve months, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits may increase or decrease for all open tax years and jurisdictions. Based on current estimates, the Company is not projecting any settlements. Audit outcomes and the timing of audit settlements are subject to significant uncertainty. We continually assess the likelihood and amount of potential adjustments and adjust the income tax provision, the current tax liability and deferred taxes in the period in which the facts that give rise to a revision become known. 74 NOTE 12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES As of June 30, 2023, the Company has purchase commitments of approximately $1,067.9 million, including a reinsurance premium with Chubb for the fiscal 2024 policy year, as well as obligations related to software license agreements, and purchase and maintenance agreements on our software, equipment, and other assets, of which $297.5 million relates to fiscal 2024, $406.8 million relates to the fiscal years ending June 30, 2025 through fiscal 2026 and the remaining relates to fiscal years ending June 30, 2027 through fiscal 2028. In May 2020, a putative class action complaint was filed against ADP, TotalSource and related defendants in the U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey. The complaint asserts violations of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) in connection with the ADP TotalSource Retirement Savings Plan’s fiduciary administrative and investment decision-making. The complaint seeks statutory and other unspecified monetary damages, injunctive relief and attorney’s fees. These claims are still in their early stages and the Company is unable to estimate any reasonably possible loss, or range of loss, with respect to this matter. The Company intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit. A second putative class action complaint, also filed in May 2020 against TotalSource and covering similar claims, has been dismissed. The Company is subject to various claims, litigation, and regulatory compliance matters in the normal course of business. When a loss is considered probable and reasonably estimable, the Company records a liability in the amount of its best estimate for the ultimate loss. Management currently believes that the resolution of these claims, litigation and regulatory compliance matters against us, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. These matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and management's view of these matters may change in the future. It is not the Company’s business practice to enter into off-balance sheet arrangements. In the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contracts in which it makes representations and warranties that relate to the performance of the Company’s services and products. The Company does not expect any material losses related to such representations and warranties. 75 NOTE 13. RECLASSIFICATION OUT OF ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ("AOCI") Comprehensive income is a measure of income that includes both net earnings and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive (loss)/income results from items deferred on the Consolidated Balance Sheets in stockholders' equity. Other comprehensive (loss)/income was ($312.1) million, ($2,004.3) million, and $25.4 million in fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”) by component are as follows: Currency Translation Adjustment Net Gains/ (Losses) on Available- for-sale Securities Cash Flow Hedging Activities Pension Liability Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) /Income Balance at June 30, 2020 $ (322.2) $ 680.4 $ (30.3) $ (342.7) $ (14.8) Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassification adjustments Tax effect Reclassification adjustments to net earnings Tax effect Balance at June 30, 2021 Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassification adjustments Tax effect Reclassification adjustments to net earnings Tax effect Balance at June 30, 2022 Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassification adjustments Tax effect Reclassification adjustments to net earnings Tax effect 95.4 — — — $ (226.8) $ (127.4) — — — (363.3) 82.6 (3.3) 0.8 (11.3) (A) 3.8 (C) 2.5 390.9 (0.9) (29.9) $ 281.5 (69.0) 9.3 (B) (2.7) $ (123.6) $ (2,228.0) 503.7 — — (229.8) 57.3 4.4 (A) 4.4 (C) 18.1 (B) (1.0) (500.3) 113.3 (3.3) 13.4 — — — (1.1) (26.6) — — (1.1) (23.3) (4.9) 60.3 (13.3) 0.2 14.7 (A) 4.4 (C) (0.4) (B) 10.3 14.4 1.8 (1.1) 10.6 (2,585.2) 561.0 26.9 (7.0) (426.6) 100.0 18.7 (4.2) $ (354.2) $ (1,330.0) $ $ (282.9) $ (1,993.7) Balance at June 30, 2023 $ (340.8) $ (1,705.6) $ $ (236.1) $ (2,305.8) (A) Reclassification adjustments out of AOCI are included within Other (income)/expense, net, on the Statements of Consolidated Earnings. (B) Reclassification adjustments out of AOCI are included in net pension (income)/expense (see Note 10). (C) Reclassification adjustments out of AOCI are included in Interest expense on the Statements of Consolidated Earnings (see Note 9). 76 NOTE 14. FINANCIAL DATA BY SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA Based upon similar economic and operational characteristics, the Company’s strategic business units have been aggregated into the following two reportable segments: Employer Services and PEO Services. The primary components of the “Other” segment are certain corporate overhead charges and expenses that have not been allocated to the reportable segments, including corporate functions, costs related to our transformation office, legal settlements, severance costs, non-recurring gains and losses, the elimination of intercompany transactions, and interest income and expense. Certain revenues and expenses are charged to the reportable segments at a standard rate for management reasons. Other costs are recorded based on management responsibility. The Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker does not review assets at the reportable segment level, hence segment disclosure relating to total assets has not been provided. Year ended June 30, 2023 Revenues Earnings before income taxes Capital expenditures Depreciation and amortization Year ended June 30, 2022 Revenues Earnings before income taxes Capital expenditures Depreciation and amortization Year ended June 30, 2021 Revenues Earnings before income taxes Capital expenditures Depreciation and amortization Year ended June 30, 2023 Revenues Assets Year ended June 30, 2022 Revenues Assets Year ended June 30, 2021 Revenues Assets Employer Services PEO Services Other Total $ 12,042.6 $ 5,984.2 $ (14.6) $ 18,012.2 3,974.2 977.3 (513.9) 4,437.6 161.4 467.6 — 7.5 44.6 74.2 206.0 549.3 $ 10,967.7 $ 5,545.7 $ (15.1) $ 16,498.3 3,406.3 871.2 (473.4) 3,804.1 125.4 428.5 — 8.3 51.7 78.3 177.1 515.1 $ 10,195.2 $ 4,818.3 $ (8.1) $ 15,005.4 3,052.1 718.8 (409.7) 3,361.2 116.7 421.7 — 7.4 61.6 81.6 178.3 510.7 United States Europe Canada Other Total $ $ $ $ $ $ 15,950.9 $ 1,309.2 $ 427.5 $ 324.6 $ 18,012.2 44,565.9 $ 2,602.2 $ 3,022.0 $ 780.9 $ 50,971.0 14,503.3 $ 1,304.2 $ 389.3 $ 301.5 $ 16,498.3 56,856.2 $ 2,452.9 $ 2,987.9 $ 771.2 $ 63,068.2 13,081.7 $ 1,307.9 $ 337.3 $ 278.5 $ 15,005.4 42,137.1 $ 2,425.1 $ 3,360.5 $ 849.8 $ 48,772.5 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Attached as Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K are certifications of ADP's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, which are required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 77 “Exchange Act”). This “Controls and Procedures” section should be read in conjunction with the report of Deloitte & Touche LLP that appears in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Management's Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures The Company carried out an evaluation (the “evaluation”), under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on the evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2023 in ensuring that (i) information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and (ii) such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting It is the responsibility of Automatic Data Processing, Inc.'s (“ADP”) management to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to ADP's management and board of directors regarding the preparation of reliable financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. ADP's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of ADP; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of ADP are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of ADP; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding the prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of ADP's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements of ADP. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Management has performed an assessment of the effectiveness of ADP’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2023 based upon criteria set forth in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management determined that ADP’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2023. Deloitte & Touche LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited and reported on the consolidated financial statements of ADP included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on the operating effectiveness of ADP's internal control over financial reporting. The Deloitte & Touche LLP attestation report is set forth below. /s/ Maria Black Maria Black Chief Executive Officer /s/ Don McGuire Don McGuire Chief Financial Officer Roseland, New Jersey August 3, 2023 78 Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There were no changes in ADP's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, ADP's internal control over financial reporting. 79 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Roseland, New Jersey Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended June 30, 2023, of the Company and our report dated August 3, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP Morristown, New Jersey August 3, 2023 80 Item 9B. Other Information During the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of Company securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.” On August 3, 2023, the Board of Directors (the "Board") of the Company amended and restated the Company's By-Laws to eliminate reference to the Board's retirement policy under Section 2.02 since the Company's Corporate Governance Principles contain this policy. The full text of the amended and restated By-Laws is attached hereto as Exhibit 3.2 and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections None. 81 Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Part III The executive officers of the Company, their ages, positions, and the period during which they have been employed by ADP are as follows: Name Brock Albinson John Ayala Maria Black Paul Boland Michael A. Bonarti Chris D'Ambrosio Joe DeSilva Sreeni Kutam David Kwon Don McGuire Carlos A. Rodriguez Age 48 56 49 59 57 42 48 53 53 63 58 Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer Position Chief Operating Officer President and Chief Executive Officer Chief Human Resources Officer Chief Administrative Officer Chief Strategy Officer President, Global Sales President, Global Product and Innovation Chief Legal Officer/General Counsel Chief Financial Officer Executive Chair Employed by ADP Since 2007 2002 1996 2017 1997 2014 2003 2014 2011 1998 1999 Brock Albinson joined ADP in 2007. Prior to his appointment as Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer in March 2015, he served as Assistant Corporate Controller from December 2011 to February 2015, as Vice President, Corporate Finance from January 2011 to December 2011, and as Vice President, Financial Policy from March 2007 to January 2011. John Ayala joined ADP in 2002. Prior to his appointment as Chief Operating Officer in January 2022, he served as President, Employer Services North America from March 2020 to December 2021, as President, Major Account Services and ADP Canada from January 2017 to February 2020, as President, Small Business Services, Retirement Services and Insurance Services from July 2014 to December 2016, as Vice President, Client Experience and Continuous Improvement from November 2012 to June 2014, as Senior Vice President, Services and Operations - Small Business Services from February 2012 to October 2012, as President, TotalSource from July 2011 to January 2012, and as Senior Vice President, Service and Operations, TotalSource from June 2008 to June 2011. Maria Black joined ADP in 1996. Prior to her appointment as President and Chief Executive Officer in January 2023, she served as President, ADP from January 2022 to December 2022, as President, Worldwide Sales and Marketing from March 2020 to December 2021, as President, Small Business Solutions and Human Resources Outsourcing from January 2017 to February 2020, as President, ADP TotalSource from July 2014 to December 2016, as General Manager, ADP United Kingdom from April 2013 to June 2014, and as General Manager, Employer Services - TotalSource Western Central Region from January 2008 to March 2013. Paul Boland joined ADP in 2017. Prior to his appointment as Chief Human Resources Officer in June 2023, he served as Interim Chief Human Resources Officer from November 2022 to June 2023, as Senior Vice President, Human Resources, Employer Services International from September 2021 to November 2022, as Division Vice President, HR, for Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA), GlobalView, Asia Pacific and Latin America from July 2018 to September 2021, and as Vice President, HR for EMEA from May 2017 to July 2018. Prior to joining ADP, he served as Vice President, HR, EMEA with Allergan plc. Michael A. Bonarti joined ADP in 1997. Prior to his appointment as Chief Administrative Officer in July 2021, he served as Corporate Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary from July 2010 to June 2021. Chris D’Ambrosio joined ADP in 2014. Prior to his appointment as Chief Strategy Officer in June 2021, he served as Senior Vice President, General Manager, Insurance Services, Small Business Services from January 2019 to June 2021, and as Senior Division Vice President of Strategy and Business Development, Small Business Services and Human Resources Outsourcing from December 2017 to January 2019, as Division Vice President of Strategy and Business Development, Human 82 Resources Outsourcing from February 2017 to December 2017, and Division Vice President of Strategy, Human Resources Outsourcing from March 2016 to February 2017. Joe DeSilva joined ADP in 2003. Prior to his appointment as President, Global Sales in January 2022, he served as President, Small Business Services, Retirement Services and Insurance Services from February 2020 to December 2021, as Senior Vice President, Services & Operations, Small Business Services from May 2017 to February 2020, as Senior Vice President/General Manager, Retirement Services from June 2015 to May 2017, and as Senior Vice President, Sales, Retirement Services from May 2013 to June 2015. Sreeni Kutam joined ADP in 2014. Prior to his appointment as President, Global Product and Innovation in January 2023, he served as Chief Human Resources Officer from June 2018 to December 2022, as Interim Chief Human Resources Officer from January 2018 to June 2018, as Division Vice President, Human Resources, Major Account Services from May 2016 to January 2018, and as Vice President, HR Strategy and Planning from January 2014 to April 2016. Prior to joining ADP, he was an HR consultant. David Kwon joined ADP in 2011. Prior to his appointment as Corporate Vice President, Chief Legal Officer/General Counsel in July 2021, he served as Staff Vice President and Associate General Counsel – Global Compliance from March 2019 to June 2021, and as Staff Vice President and Associate General Counsel – Litigation from July 2012 to March 2019. Don McGuire joined ADP in 1998. Prior to his appointment as Chief Financial Officer in October 2021, he served as President, Employer Services International from June 2018 to September 2021, as President, Global Enterprise Solutions EMEA/Streamline from July 2016 to June 2018, as Senior Vice President, General Manager, Asia Pacific Region from December 2012 to June 2016, and as General Manager, ADP United Kingdom/Ireland from September 2007 to December 2012. Carlos A. Rodriguez joined ADP in 1999. Prior to his appointment as Executive Chair in January 2023, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer from November 2011 to December 2022, as President and Chief Operating Officer from May 2011 to November 2011, and as President, Employer Services International - National Account Services, ADP Canada, and GlobalView and Employer Services International, from March 2010 to May 2011. Directors See “Election of Directors” in the Proxy Statement for the Company’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which information is incorporated herein by reference. Code of Ethics ADP has adopted a code of ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and persons performing similar functions. The code of ethics may be viewed online on ADP’s website at www.adp.com under “Investor Relations” in the “Corporate Governance” section. Any amendment to or waivers from the code of ethics will be disclosed on our website within four business days following the date of the amendment or waiver. Insider Trading Policy Our Company maintains an insider trading policy to provide guidelines to all directors, officers, associates and consultants of ADP with respect to trading in ADP securities, as well as the securities of publicly traded companies with whom ADP has a business relationship. The policy prohibits trading by any person while in possession of material non-public information in violation of applicable law and provides for restricted periods and pre-clearance procedures for our directors and officers and certain other specified persons, as well as other related policies and procedures. We believe that the insider trading policy is reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules and regulations and listing standards applicable to ADP. Audit Committee; Audit Committee Financial Expert See “Corporate Governance - Committees of the Board of Directors” and “Audit Committee Report” in the Proxy Statement for the Company’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 83 Item 11. Executive Compensation See “Corporate Governance,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Compensation and Management Development Committee Report,” “Compensation of Executive Officers,” “Potential Payments to Named Executive Officers Upon Termination or Change in Control,” “CEO Pay Ratio,” “Pay versus Performance,” and “Compensation of Non-Employee Directors” in the Proxy Statement for the Company’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which information is incorporated herein by reference. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters See “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the Proxy Statement for the Company’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which information is incorporated herein by reference. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence See “Election of Directors” and “Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement for the Company’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which information is incorporated herein by reference. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services See “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm's Fees” in the Proxy Statement for the Company's 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 1. Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules (a) Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules 1. Financial Statements Part IV The following report and Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company are contained in Part II, Item 8 hereof: Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. 34) Statements of Consolidated Earnings - years ended June 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021 Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income - years ended June 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021 Consolidated Balance Sheets - June 30, 2023 and 2022 Statements of Consolidated Stockholders' Equity - years ended June 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021 Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows - years ended June 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 2. Financial Statement Schedules Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Page in Form 10-K 88 All other Schedules have been omitted because they are inapplicable, are not required or the information is included elsewhere in the financial statements or notes thereto. (b) Exhibits The following exhibits are filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K or incorporated herein by reference to the document set forth next to the exhibit in the list below: 3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated November 10, 1998 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement No. 333-72023 on Form S-4 filed with the Commission on February 9, 1999 84 3.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company, dated August 3, 2023 Description of Common Stock Form of Indenture between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-206631), filed on August 28, 2015 Form of First Supplemental Indenture between Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on September 15, 2015 Form of 3.375% Senior Note due 2025 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on September 15, 2015 Form of First Supplemental Indenture between Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 11, 2020 and filed on August 13, 2020 Form of 1.250% Senior Note due 2030 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 11, 2020 and filed on August 13, 2020 Form of Second Supplemental Indenture between Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 11, 2021 and filed on May 14, 2021 Form of 1.700% Senior Note due 2028 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 11, 2021 and filed on May 14, 2021 364-Day Credit Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2023, among Automatic Data Processing, Inc., the Lenders party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A., BNP Paribas, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., as Syndication Agents, and Barclays Bank PLC and MUFG Bank, Ltd., as Documentation Agents - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on June 30, 2023 Five-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2023, among Automatic Data Processing, Inc., the Lenders party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A., BNP Paribas, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., as Syndication Agents, and Barclays Bank PLC and MUFG Bank, Ltd., as Documentation Agents - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on June 30, 2023 Amendment Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2023, relating to the Five-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of June 9, 2021, among Automatic Data Processing, Inc., the Lenders party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent Five-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of June 9, 2021, among Automatic Data Processing, Inc., the Lenders Party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A., BNP Paribas, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., and Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., as Syndication Agents, and Barclays Bank PLC and MUFG Bank Ltd., as Documentation Agents - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 9, 2021 and filed on June 10, 2021 Amended and Restated Supplemental Officers Retirement Plan - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017 (Management Compensatory Plan) Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan, as Amended and Restated Effective October 14, 2020 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020 (Management Compensatory Plan) Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Change in Control Severance Plan for Corporate Officers, as amended - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014 (Management Compensatory Plan) Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Amended and Restated Employees’ Savings-Stock Purchase Plan, effective as of November 9, 2022 (Management Compensatory Plan) Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Executive Retirement Plan - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2015 (Management Compensatory Plan) Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Retirement and Savings Restoration Plan (Amended and Restated as of February 3, 2020) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020 (Management Compensatory Plan) Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Corporate Officer Severance Plan - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2015 (Management Compensatory Plan) 85 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 10.26 10.27 10.28 10.29 Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Change in Control Severance Plan for Corporate Officers (as amended) (Management Compensatory Plan) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 6, 2018 and filed on November 13, 2018 (Management Compensatory Plan) Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Amended and Restated 2008 Omnibus Award Plan (as amended and restated as of April 11, 2018, the "2008 Omnibus Award Plan") - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2018 (Management Compensatory Plan) French Sub Plan under the 2008 Omnibus Award Plan effective as of January 26, 2012 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2012 (Management Compensatory Plan) Amended French Sub Plan under the 2008 Omnibus Award Plan effective as of April 6, 2016 (Management Compensatory Plan) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2008 Omnibus Award Plan - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2008 Omnibus Award Plan (Form for Employees) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2008 Omnibus Award Plan (Form for Corporate Officers) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10- Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2015 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2008 Omnibus Award Plan (Form for Corporate Officers) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2008 Omnibus Award Plan for grants beginning September 1, 2017 (Management Compensatory Plan) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017 (Management Compensatory Plan) Automatic Data Processing, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Award Plan (the "2018 Omnibus Award Plan") - incorporated by reference to Appendix B to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Form Schedule 14A dated September 20, 2018 (Management Compensatory Plan) French Sub Plan under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan (Adopted January 15, 2019) (Management Compensatory Plan) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2018 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan (Management Compensatory Plan) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 6, 2018 and filed on November 13, 2018 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan (Management Compensatory Plan) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 6, 2018 and filed on November 13, 2018 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan (Management Compensatory Plan) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 6, 2018 and filed on November 13, 2018 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan for grants beginning September 1, 2021 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan for grants beginning September 1, 2021 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan for grants beginning September 1, 2021 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan for grants beginning September 1, 2022 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 (Management Compensatory Plan) 86 10.30 10.31 10.32 10.33 10.34 10.35 19.1 21 23 31.1 31.2 32.1 32.2 Form of Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan for grants beginning September 1, 2022 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan for grants beginning September 1, 2023 (Management Compensatory Plan) Form of Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2018 Omnibus Award Plan for grants beginning September 1, 2023 (Management Compensatory Plan) ADP Canada Co. Supplementary Excess Retirement Plan, Amended and Restated as of August 1, 2018 (Management Compensatory Plan) - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2022 Compensation letter for Don McGuire, dated September 2021, and relocation addendum, dated October 26, 2021, by and between Automatic Data Processing, Inc. and Don McGuire - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2021 Separation Agreement and Release, dated January 30, 2023, by and between Don Weinstein and Automatic Data Processing, Inc. - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2022 ADP Insider Trading Policy, effective April 13, 2023 Subsidiaries of the Company Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Certification by Maria Black pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Certification by Don McGuire pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Certification by Maria Black pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Certification by Don McGuire pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 101.INS 101.SCH 101.CAL 101.LAB 101.PRE 101.DEF Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document 87 AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS Column A Column B (In thousands) Column C Additions Column D Column E Balance at beginning of year (1) Charged to costs and expenses (2) Charged to other accounts (A) Deductions Balance at end of year Year ended June 30, 2023: Allowance for doubtful accounts: Current Long-term Deferred tax valuation allowance Year ended June 30, 2022: Allowance for doubtful accounts: Current Long-term Deferred tax valuation allowance Year ended June 30, 2021: Allowance for doubtful accounts: Current Long-term Deferred tax valuation allowance $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 56,768 $ 23,412 $ (34) $ (27,066) (B) 83 $ 18,867 $ — $ 28 $ 30 $ 366 $ — (B) (661) 79,568 $ (1,893) $ 1,413 $ (22,320) (B) 249 $ 13,377 $ — $ 8,563 $ (166) $ — (B) (250) $ (2,823) 92,472 $ 14,661 $ 2,185 $ (29,750) (B) 549 $ 11,992 $ — $ 3,250 $ (300) $ — (B) 226 $ (2,091) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 53,080 113 18,600 56,768 83 18,867 79,568 249 13,377 (A) Includes amounts related to foreign exchange fluctuation. (B) Doubtful accounts written off, less recoveries on accounts previously written off. 88 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES August 3, 2023 AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING, INC. (Registrant) By /s/ Maria Black Maria Black President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date /s/ Maria Black (Maria Black) President and Chief Executive August 3, 2023 Officer, Director (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ Don McGuire (Don McGuire) Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) /s/ Brock Albinson (Brock Albinson) Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) /s/ Peter Bisson (Peter Bisson) /s/ David V. Goeckeler (David V. Goeckeler) Director Director August 3, 2023 August 3, 2023 August 3, 2023 August 3, 2023 /s/ Linnie M. Haynesworth Director August 3, 2023 (Linnie M. Haynesworth) /s/ John P. Jones (John P. Jones) Director August 3, 2023 /s/ Francine S. Katsoudas Director August 3, 2023 (Francine S. Katsoudas) 89 /s/ Nazzic S. Keene (Nazzic S. Keene) /s/ Thomas J. Lynch (Thomas J. Lynch) /s/ Scott F. Powers (Scott F. Powers) /s/ William J. Ready (William J. Ready) /s/ Carlos A. Rodriguez (Carlos A. Rodriguez) /s/ Sandra S. Wijnberg (Sandra S. Wijnberg) Director Director Director Director August 3, 2023 August 3, 2023 August 3, 2023 August 3, 2023 Executive Chair, Director August 3, 2023 Director August 3, 2023 90 

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