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Ballard Power Systems Inc.

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FY2012 Annual Report · Ballard Power Systems Inc.
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PUTTING FUEL CELLS TO WORK

Notice of Annual Meeting, Management Proxy Circular
and 2012 Annual Report

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 

9000 Glenlyon Parkway 
Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5J 5J8 

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING 

TO OUR SHAREHOLDERS: 

Our  2013  Annual  Meeting  (the  "Meeting")  will  be  held  at  9000  Glenlyon  Parkway,  Burnaby,  British 
Columbia, on Tuesday, June 4, 2013 at 1:00 p.m. (Pacific Daylight Time) for the following purposes: 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

To receive our audited financial statements for the financial year ended December 31, 2012 
and the report of our auditors thereon; 

To elect our directors for the ensuing year; 

To appoint our auditors for the ensuing year and to authorize our Audit Committee to fix the 
remuneration of the auditors;  

To  consider  and,  if  thought  appropriate,  to  approve  a  resolution,  on  an  advisory  basis, 
accepting the Corporation’s approach to executive compensation;  

To consider and, if deemed appropriate, adopt, with or without variation, a special resolution 
approving  an  amendment  to  the  Corporation’s  articles  of  incorporation  to  consolidate  its 
issued  and  outstanding  Shares  on  the  basis  of  a  ratio  within  the  range  of  one  post-
consolidation Share for every three pre-consolidation Shares to one post-consolidation Share 
for every seven pre-consolidation Shares, with the ratio to be selected and implemented by 
the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, if at all, at any time prior to June 4, 2014;  

to  consider  and,  if  deemed  appropriate,  adopt,  with  or  without  variation,  an  ordinary 
resolution approving, ratifying and confirming By-law Number 2 of the Corporation; and  

To  transact  such  other  business  as  may  properly  be  brought  before  the  Meeting  or  any 
adjournment thereof. 

A  detailed  description  of  the  matters  to  be  dealt  with  at  the  Meeting  and  our  2012  Annual  Report  are 
included with this Notice. 

If you are unable to attend the Meeting in person and wish to ensure that your shares  will be voted at  the 
Meeting, you must complete, date and execute the enclosed form of proxy and deliver it in accordance with 
the  instructions  set  out  in  the  form  of  proxy  and  in  the  Management  Proxy  Circular  accompanying  this 
Notice,  so  that  it  is  received  by  Computershare  Investor  Services  Inc.  no  later  than  1:00  p.m.  (Eastern 
Daylight Time) on Friday, May 31, 2013. 

If you plan to attend the Meeting you must follow the instructions set out in the form of proxy and in the 
Management Proxy Circular to ensure that your shares will be voted at the Meeting. 

DATED at Burnaby, British Columbia, April 10, 2013. 

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD 

"Kerry Hillier" 

Kerry Hillier 
Corporate Secretary 
Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

i 

 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Notice of Annual Meeting........................................................................................................................................................ i 
Letter from Ian A. Bourne, Chair of the Board ............................................................................................................... 3 
Letter from John W. Sheridan, President and Chief Executive Officer ........................................................................... 5 
Management Proxy Circular ............................................................................................................................................... 10 
Matters to be Voted Upon .................................................................................................................................................... 10 
Election Of Directors .................................................................................................................................................... 10 
Appointment Of Auditors.............................................................................................................................................. 13 
Advisory Vote on Approach to Executive Compensation ............................................................................................. 14 
Proposed Share Consolidation....................................................................................................................................... 14 
Adoption of By-Law Number 2 .................................................................................................................................... 17 
Voting Information ............................................................................................................................................................... 18 
Corporate Governance ......................................................................................................................................................... 19 
Executive Compensation ...................................................................................................................................................... 25 
Performance Graph ....................................................................................................................................................... 34 
Executive Compensation Tables ................................................................................................................................... 34 
Incentive Plan Awards................................................................................................................................................... 38 
Pension Plan Benefits.................................................................................................................................................... 40 
Termination and Change of Control Benefits................................................................................................................ 40 
Director Compensation.................................................................................................................................................. 43 
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans ........................................................................ 45 
Interest of Informed Persons in Material Transactions..................................................................................................... 46 
Indebtedness of Directors and Executive Officers ............................................................................................................. 46 
Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance ...................................................................................................................... 46 
Additional Information ........................................................................................................................................................ 46 
Proposals ............................................................................................................................................................................... 46 
Approval by the Board ......................................................................................................................................................... 47 
Defined Terms....................................................................................................................................................................... 48 
Appendix "A" Resolution to Approve Share Consolidation ........................................................................................... A-1 
Appendix "B" By-Law No. 2 Advance Notice By-Law.................................................................................................... B-1 
Appendix "C" Board Mandate.......................................................................................................................................... C-1 
Appendix "D" Description of Option Plan ....................................................................................................................... D-1 
Appendix "E" Description of SDP .................................................................................................................................... E-1 
Financial Information..........................................................................................................................................................F-1 

This document contains forward-looking statements concerning: revenue estimates; market growth 
projections;  operating  expenses;  cost  savings;  adjusted  EBIDTA;  product  cost  reductions  and 
product  shipments.  These  forward-looking  statements  reflect  Ballard’s  current  expectations  as 
contemplated under section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Any such forward-looking statements are based on 
Ballard’s  assumptions  relating  to  its  financial  forecasts  and  expectations  regarding  its  product 
development efforts, manufacturing capacity, and market demand. 

These  statements  involve  risks  and  uncertainties  that  may  cause  Ballard's  actual  results  to  be 
materially  different,  including  general  economic  and  regulatory  changes,  detrimental  reliance  on 
third parties, successfully achieving our business plans and achieving and sustaining profitability. 
For  a  detailed  discussion  of  these  and  other  risk  factors  that  could  affect  Ballard's  future 
performance, please refer to Ballard's most recent Annual Information Form.  Readers should not 
place undue reliance on Ballard's forward-looking statements and Ballard assumes no obligation to 
update or release any revisions to these forward-looking statements, other than as required under 
applicable legislation. 

ii 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Letter from IAN A. BOURNE 
Chair of the Board  

Fellow Shareholders:  

2012 proved a challenging year for our Company. The fuel cell industry, and indeed the entire clean 
technology sector, felt the continuing effects of the difficult global economy and reduced financial capacity 
for governments to support clean energy technologies.  

Despite the proven functional, economic and environmental benefits of fuel cell products, the rate of 
market  adoption  continued  more  slowly  than  we  had  expected.  To  date  the  fuel  cell  industry  has  captured 
only a small portion of the energy market.  

While  the  ‘tipping  point’  to  high  volume  commercialization  did  not  occur  in  2012,  I  believe  this 
market will develop and that Ballard is well placed to capitalize as a leader in clean energy fuel cell products. 
Your Board of Directors remains fully committed and actively engaged with Ballard’s Management in this 
journey to successful fuel cell commercialization.  

We  continue  to  re-assess  our  strategies  and  further  focus  our  resources  in  response  to  market 
developments  –  both  positive  and  negative.  Working  with  Ballard  Management  in  2012  led  to  the  key 
decisions  to  monetize  our  Material  Products  division  and  acquire  methanol-fueled  backup  power  system 
assets from IdaTech.  

The  Board  continues  to  be  impressed  by  our  Ballard  employees.  Beyond  the  technical  expertise, 
fundamental know how and innovation leadership that has been recognized for many years, the Ballard work 
force demonstrated impressive resolve and resiliency in stepping up to the challenges encountered in 2012. 
As I’ve been proud to do in previous annual letters, I direct you to look at the table on page 9, showing the 
employees who were the Awards of Excellence winners for last year.  

2012  was  a  time  of  significant  change  for  your  Board  of  Directors.  Carol  Stephenson  and  Doug 
Hayhurst were elected to the Board at our Annual Shareholders Meeting in June, and have both been fully 
engaged  and  made  numerous  contributions  since  their  elections.  In  August,  we  were  all  greatly  saddened 
with the passing of our colleague and friend, David Smith. David had been a long serving Director and Chair 
of our Corporate Governance Committee. We continue to miss David and his experience and insights.   

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Looking  forward  to  the  2013  Annual Shareholders  Meeting,  CS  Park  has  indicated  his  decision  to 
not stand for re-election for the Ballard Board of Directors after six years of dedicated service. On behalf of 
the Board and the shareholders, I would like to thank CS for his valued service as a Director and member of 
several Board Committees, since 2007. We have nominated Ian Sutcliffe as a new Director. After a review of 
the skills and qualities we think are necessary, we concluded he would be an excellent fit. We continue to 
believe a small, committed and focused Board is the best way to combine our oversight responsibilities with 
business experience and mentorship. 

On behalf of the full Board, I would also like to thank shareholders – as well as dedicated Ballard 

employees – for your commitment and support of Ballard as we grow this company to its full potential.  

"Ian A. Bourne" 

IAN A. BOURNE 
Chair of the Board of Directors 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Letter from JOHN W. SHERIDAN 
President and Chief Executive Officer  

2012 – Taking Action to Sharpen Our Commercial Focus 

As we were reminded in 2012, the commercialization of fuel cell technology is a daunting journey, 
with  significant  headwinds  along  the  way.  2012  presented  challenges  to  revenue  growth,  with  the  volatile 
economy and shifting government policy decisions. More specifically, we had two major misses in the 2012 
Ballard  revenue  plan  –  in  the  Material  Products  division  and  in  Fuel  Cell  Buses.  Material  Products  was 
impacted by a softening in customer demand and Bus revenue was impacted by the decision of Sao Paulo 
Transit to not proceed with its Letter of Intent for fuel cell bus deployments. As such, we fell short of our 
revenue and EBITDA goals for 2012 – a major disappointment and frustration to the Ballard Management 
Team.  

As  we  have  done  in  the  past,  we  responded  to  these  setbacks  with  decisive  action  on  several  key 
fronts, to ensure that we keep sharpening our commercial focus, to strengthen the performance trajectory of 
our Company going forward:  

•  We decided to reduce our resource commitment to the ‘development stage’ markets of Bus and 

Distributed Generation (which both require government support);  

• 

In so doing, we heightened our focus on ‘commercial stage’ markets of Telecom Backup Power 
and Material Handling; 

•  We extended our Telecom Backup Power product portfolio through the acquisition of  methanol-

fueled systems and methanol fuel reforming technology from IdaTech; 

•  We  increased  our  activities  in  Engineering  Services,  working  with  lead  customers  on  high 
margin  programs  to  develop  new  fuel  cell  applications,  with  a  particular  focus  on  automotive 
development  opportunities  with  the  expiration  of  the  automotive  non-compete  restrictions  in 
January 2013; 

•  We  implemented  numerous  initiatives  to  reduce  the  cash  operating  cost  base,  including 
organizational streamlining and incentive compensation plan restructuring, to enable profitability 
at a lower level of revenue; and 

•  We decided to monetize our Material Products division in order to narrow our business scope to 
high  growth  fuel  cell  segments  and  to  strengthen  our  balance  sheet  by  up  to  $12  million.  The 
Material  Products  division  had  been  facing  softening  business  conditions  in  recent  years  as 
indicated by the successive drop in revenue from $21 million in 2010 to $20.2 million in 2011 
and $15.5 million in 2012.   

Q4 2012 Turnaround 

Some of the actions taken began to pay dividends in the 4th quarter of 2012. Indeed, Q4 represented a 
turnaround in the year, with top line revenue improving 50% over Q3, led by the sale of our new methanol-
fueled  ElectraGenTM  Telecom  Backup  Power  systems.  This  key  extension  of  our  Telecom  Backup  Power 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
system portfolio has expanded our addressable market to include geographic locations where hydrogen fuel 
is  relatively  difficult  to  source,  transport  or  store.  Indeed,  much  of  the  sales  growth  we  have  been 
experiencing in methanol-fueled systems is related to deployments in rural regions of Asia and South Africa. 
Moreover,  the  outstanding  performance  of  our  ElectraGenTM  systems,  which  kept  key  base  stations  in  the 
Bahamas  cellular  telephone  network  “live”  when  grid  power  went  down  during  SuperStorm  Sandy  last 
October, is certainly not lost on prospective customers.   

In Q4 2012, following expansion of our product line, we shipped 204 ElectraGenTM systems, 75% of 
which were methanol-fueled, and for the full year we shipped 399 ElectraGenTM systems. This represents a 
full year increase in Telecom Backup Power system shipments of 175% over 2011. I would also note that we 
shipped  2,022  fuel  cell  stacks  for  use  in  Material  Handling  systems,  our  other  commercial  stage  market  – 
representing a 42% increase over 2011. 

Engineering Services became an important growth driver in 2012, delivering more than $10 million 
in revenue, up from less than $5 million in 2011. Moreover, $6.6 million of the 2012 revenue was realized in 
Q4, thereby contributing to momentum in the latter portion of the year.  

The progress in the key performance metrics in Q4 2012 relative to Q4 2011 are summarized below, 

along with the comparable change in results for the full year of 2012 versus 2011: 

•  1% growth in revenue in Q4 (with 22% reduction in revenue for the full year); 
•  4 point improvement in gross margin in Q4 (and 2 points for full year); 
•  10% improvement in cash operating costs in Q4 (and 18% for the full year);  
•  50% improvement in Adjusted EBITDA in Q4 (and 17% for the full year); 

Again, while revenue for the full year 2012 was a major disappointment, it is important to note that 
total revenue associated with fuel cell products (eliminating revenue associated with Material Products and 
past contract manufacturing for Daimler) has actually grown steadily over the past 3 years, increasing 65%.  

We  ended  the  year  with  a  solid  12-month  order  book  of  $36.8  million  for  fuel  cell  products  and 
services,  75%  of  which  is  comprised  of  business  in  Telecom  Backup  Power,  Material  Handling  and 

Engineering Services. This order book, along with the broader Q4 momentum, as noted, underpins Ballard’s 
expectation for strong growth in 2013. 

6 

 
 
Strong Prospects for Growth in 2013  

With  the  sale  of  the  Material  Products  division,  our  Company  is  now  a  ‘pure  play’,  exclusively 
focused on fuel cell products and services, with momentum in Telecom Backup Power, Material Handling 
and Engineering Services. We are doing business with a growing list of notable and recognizable partner and 
end-customer  brand-names,  including:  Mercedes  Benz,  Volkswagen,  Toyota,  Tata,  Nokia  Siemens 
Networks, Motorola Network Services, Vodacom, Cascadiant, Inala Technologies, Azure, Walmart, Proctor 
& Gamble, Sysco Foods and Plug Power. And of note, with this growing list of partners and end customers, 
we  are  engaged  in  the  development  of  fuel  cell  markets  around  the  world  –  including  North  America, 
Europe, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa. 

We are seeing significant interest in our Telecom Backup Power solutions, evident in the ramp-up of 
shipments in 2012 and purchase orders received. This is a market we are particularly focused on, given the 
unique  product  portfolio  we  now  possess,  together  with  the  growing  need  for  extended  duration  backup 
power in wireless telecom networks around the globe. As U.S. FCC Chairman Julius Genachowski noted late 
in 2012, Hurricane Sandy “…has revealed new challenges that will require a national dialogue around ideas 
and actions to ensure the resilience of communications networks.” Fuel cell systems are one such idea. 

Our new partnership with Volkswagen on a major Engineering Services contract is a very exciting 
development. In January 2013 Ballard’s non-compete agreement with Daimler and Ford expired, giving us 
the  option  of  doing  business  with  other  automotive  OEM’s.  Our  4  year  contract  with  Volkswagen  for 
Engineering Services (plus an optional 2 year extension) represents a very different relationship than the one 
we had 5 years ago under the Automotive Alliance Agreement. Under this new contract, Ballard will not be 
making any direct investment in automotive fuel cell development; instead, we will be providing specialized 
engineering support services to Volkswagen’s fuel cell development program. In return, we are being paid 
for  our  work,  our  IP  and  fundamental  know  how,  generating  sound  margins  on  a  very  significant  revenue 
stream over 4 years, or even longer.  

With this VW contract and the momentum that we experienced exiting 2012, we expect significant 
growth in 2013. Specifically, we expect revenue growth in excess of 30% and an improvement in Adjusted 
EBITDA in excess of 50%.   

Also, beyond Ballard’s progress, there have been a number of public announcements in the fuel cell 
sector that echo our positive view regarding the outlook for fuel cells. These have included:  Cummins Inc.’s 
strategic  investment  in  ReliOn;  Toyota’s  collaboration  with  BMW  on  development  of  next-generation 
‘green’  cars;  Daimler,  Ford  and  Nissan’s  collaboration  on  fuel  cell  car  development;  and  the  ClearEdge 
acquisition of UTC Power’s fuel cell business. 

I look forward to reporting our progress as we  move through 2013. Thank you for your continued 

support of Ballard. 

"John Sheridan" 

JOHN SHERIDAN 
President & CEO 

Ballard Power Systems 

7 

 
 
8 

 
EEmmppllooyyeeee  AAwwaarrddss  ooff  EExxcceelllleennccee  ffoorr  22001122  
‘‘Above and Beyond’’ Winners 

(cid:2)  CUSTOMER SUCCESS 
NSN SUPPLIER QUALIFICATION 

• 
Alan Mace 
•  Wade Popham 
Koji Hoshi 
• 
Jorge Castaneda 
• 

• 
• 
• 
• 

Dario Garin 
Alma Ramirez 
Sentayehu Kebede 
Steve Gabrys

(cid:2)  PRODUCT LEADERSHIP 
INTEGRATION OF ELECTRAGEN™ PRODUCT LINE

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Kathy Schwiebert 
Alan Mace 
Nate MacRostie 
Paul Louw 
David Whyte 
Jyoti Sidhu 
Doug Bell 
Guy McAree 
Julia Grant 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

David Pauluzzi 
Byron Somerville 
Ryan Olnick  
Chris Hill 
Larry Stapleton  
Candice Burgers 
Chris Ekholm 
Darin Luse 
Jack Arnold 

(cid:2)  MANUFACTURING LEADERSHIP 
CATALYST COATED MEMBRANE PRODUCTION CAPABILITY 

• 
Alex Leung  
•  Mehrdad Rahmani  
• 
Brenda Chen  
• 
Jingping Gao  
•  Mary Flynn  

(cid:2)  FINANCIAL SUCCESS 
IDATECH ASSET ACQUISITION DEAL TEAM 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Kerry Hillier  
David Whyte  
Jay Murray  
Larry Stapleton  
Brendan Burns 
Karim Kassam 

(cid:2)  BALLARD SPIRIT AWARD 
IDATECH ASSET INTEGRATION TEAM 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Kevin Colbow 
Kerry Hillier 
Larry Stapleton 
Guy McAree 
David Whyte 
Kathy Schwiebert 
Byron Somerville 

• 
Tony Cochrane 
• 
Jay Murray 
• 
Ai-Le Leroux 
• 
Anita Douglas 
• 
Sandra Matsuyama 
•  Maureen Molsberry 
• 
Chris Ekholm 

• 
Candice Burgers 
• 
Jyoti Sidhu 
• 
Doug Bell 
• 
Alex Housil 
• 
Alan Mace 
•  Wade Popham 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT PROXY CIRCULAR 
dated as of April 10, 2013 

MATTERS TO BE VOTED UPON  

Registered Shareholders or their duly appointed proxyholders will be voting on: 

(cid:3) 
(cid:3) 

the election of directors to our Board;  

the  re-appointment  of  our  auditors  and  authorization  for  our  Audit  Committee  to  fix  the 
remuneration of the auditors;  

(cid:3)  on an advisory basis, the Corporation’s approach to executive compensation 
(cid:3) 

to  consider  and,  if  deemed  appropriate,  adopt,  with  or  without  variation,  a  special  resolution 
approving  an  amendment  to  the  Corporation’s  articles  of  incorporation  to  consolidate  its  issued 
and outstanding Shares on the basis of a ratio within the range of one post-consolidation Share for 
every  three  pre-consolidation  Shares  to  one  post-consolidation  Share  for  every  seven  pre-
consolidation Shares, with the ratio to be selected and implemented by the Board of Directors in 
its  sole  discretion,  if  at  all,  at  any  time  prior  to  June  4,  2014  (the  “Share  Consolidation 
Resolution”); 

(cid:3) 

(cid:3) 

to  consider  and,  if  deemed  appropriate,  adopt,  with  or  without  variation,  an  ordinary  resolution 
approving, ratifying and confirming By-law Number 2 of the Corporation; and 

to transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. 

As  of  the  date  of  this  Management  Proxy  Circular,  we  know  of  no  amendment,  variation  or  other 
matter that may come before the Meeting other than the matters referred to in the Notice of Annual Meeting.  
If  any  other  matter  is  properly  brought  before  the  Meeting,  it  is  the  intention  of  the  persons  named  in  the 
enclosed proxy to vote the proxy on that matter in accordance with their best judgment.  

With  respect  to  resolutions  to  be  voted  on  at  the  Meeting,  other  than  the  Share  Consolidation 
Resolution, a simple majority of the votes (greater than 50%) cast in favour by Registered Shareholders, by 
proxy  or  in  person,  will  constitute  approval.    The  Share  Consolidation  Resolution  is  a  special  resolution 
requiring approval not less than two-thirds of the votes cast in favour by Registered Shareholders, by proxy 
or in person. 

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS 

At the Meeting you will be asked to elect seven directors.  Six of our seven nominees are currently 
members of the Board, one is a new nominee.  Each elected director will hold office until the end of our next 
annual shareholders’ meeting (or if no director is then elected, until a successor is elected) unless the director 
resigns or is otherwise removed from office earlier. If any nominee for election as a director advises us that 
he  or  she  is  unable  to  serve  as  a  director,  the  persons  named  in  the  enclosed  proxy  will  vote  to  elect  a 
substitute director at their discretion.  

The  following  information  pertains  to  our  nominees  for  election  as  directors  at  the  Meeting,  as  of 
April  10,  2013.    The  number  of  Shares  shown  as  being  held  by  each  nominee  constitute  the  number 
beneficially owned, or controlled or directed, directly or indirectly, by that nominee and such information has 
been provided to us by that nominee. 

10 

 
 
 
Mr. Bourne’s principal occupation is corporate director, and he has been the Chair of the Board of Ballard since May 2006.  Mr. 
Bourne was also our lead director from October 2005 to February 2006.  Mr. Bourne was interim CEO of SNC-Lavalin Group Inc. 
from March 27, 2012 to October 1, 2012.  Previously, Mr. Bourne was the Executive Vice President and the Chief Financial Officer 
of TransAlta Corporation (electricity generation and marketing) from January 1998 to December 2006 and from January 1998 to 
December 2005, respectively.  He has completed the Directors Education Program of the Institute of Corporate Directors and has 
received his ICD.D designation.  Mr. Bourne was recognized as a Fellow of the ICD in 2011. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Board (Chair) 
Audit (ex officio) 
Corporate Governance (ex officio)
Human Resources & 
Compensation (ex officio) 

Attendance 

Board Memberships 

9 
6 
4 
6 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

Current: SNC-Lavalin Group Inc.; Canadian Public 
Accountability Board; Wajax Corporation (formerly 
Wajax Income Fund); Canada Pension Plan Investment 
Board; Canadian Oil Sands Limited; The Calgary 
Foundation 
Previous: TransAlta Power LP; TransAlta CoGen LP; 
Glenbow Museum; Calgary Philharmonic Orchestra 

Securities Held(1) 

Year 
2013 

2012 

Shares 

26,824 

26,824 

DSUs 

153,019 

77,706 

Total of Shares and 
DSUs 

Total Value of Shares and 
DSUs (C$)(2) 

179,843 

104,530 

$172,649 

$144,251 

Mr. Hayhurst’s principal occupation is corporate director.  Previously, Mr. Hayhurst was an executive with IBM Canada Business 
Consulting  Services  (consulting  services)  and  a  Partner  with  PricewaterhouseCoopers  Management  Consultants  (consulting 
services).  Prior to that, Mr. Hayhurst held various senior executive management roles with Price Waterhouse including National 
Deputy Managing Partner (Toronto) and Managing Partner for British Columbia (Vancouver).  Mr. Hayhurst received a Fellowship 
(FCA) from the Institutes of Chartered Accountants of British Columbia and of Ontario.  He has completed the Directors Education 
Program of the Institute of Corporate Directors and has received his ICD.D designation. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Board 
Audit 
Human Resources & 
Compensation 

Year 
2013 

2012 

Shares 
- 

- 

Attendance 

Board Memberships 

5 
4 
3 

100% 
100% 
100% 

Current: Accend Capital Corporation; Canexus 
Corporation; The Layfield Group Limited; Nature 
Conservancy of Canada; Canadian Institute of Chartered 
Accountants Risk Oversight and Governance Board 
Previous: Catalyst Paper Corporation(4); Northgate 
Minerals Corporation 

Securities Held(1) 

DSUs 

43,036 

- 

Total of Shares and 
DSUs 
43,036 

- 

Total Value of Shares and  
DSUs (C$) (2) 

$41,315 
- 

Mr. Kilroy’s principal occupation is corporate director.  Mr. Kilroy has been the Chief Executive Officer of MedAvail 
Technologies Inc. (medication dispensing equipment and services) since November 2012.  Previously, Mr. Kilroy was the Chief 
Executive Officer of Symcor Inc. (business process outsourcing services), from January 2005 to November 2010.  Prior to that, Mr. 
Kilroy was the Chief Executive Officer of IBM Canada Ltd. (information technology) from April 2001 to January 2005. 

Ian A. Bourne 

Age: 65 

Alberta, Canada 

Director since: 2003 

Independent 

Douglas P. Hayhurst 

Age: 66 

B.C., Canada 

Director since: 2012 

Independent 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Board 
Audit (Chair) 
Corporate Governance 

Year 
2013 

2012 

Shares 
2,752 

2,752 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

Age: 53 

Ontario, Canada 

Director since: 2002 

Independent 

Attendance(3) 

Board Memberships 

9 
6 
1 

100% 
100% 
100% 

Current:: not applicable 
Previous: Symcor Inc.; The Conference Board of Canada 

Securities Held(1) 

Total of Shares and 
DSUs 
99,391 

45,596 

Total Value of Shares and  
DSUs (C$) (2) 

$95,415 

$62,922 

DSUs 
96,639 

42,844 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
John W. Sheridan 

Age: 58 

B.C., Canada 

Director since: 2001 

Non-Independent 

Carol M. Stephenson 

Age: 62 

Ontario, Canada 

Director since: 2012 

Independent 

Mr. Sheridan is President and Chief Executive Officer of Ballard, a position he has held since February 2006.  Mr. Sheridan was 
also Chair of our Board from June 2004 to February 2006. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Board  

Attendance 

9 

100% 

Board Memberships 

Current:  Dantherm Power; Premier’s Technology 
Council; Canadian Hydrogen Fuel Cells Association; 
Midway Gold Corporation 
Previous: Aliant Inc.; Bell Canada, Bell Actimedia, Bell 
Distribution, Bell Express Vu, Bell Mobility, Bell West, 
Bell Sygma UK Ltd; Encom Cable TV & 
Telecommunications, plc; Manitoba Telecom Services 
Inc.; MTS Communications Inc.; Photowatt Technologies; 
Sun Media Corp. Ltd.; NewPage Corporation(4); BC 
Hydrogen Highway; AFCC 

Year 
2013 

2012 

Shares 
524,522 

472,430 

Securities Held(1) 

DSUs 
57,943 

57,943 

Total of Shares and 
DSUs 
582,465 

530,373 

Total Value of Shares and 
DSUs (C$) (2) 

$559,166 

$731,915 

Ms. Stephenson is the Dean of the Richard Ivey School of Business at the University of Western Ontario, a position she has held 
since 2003. Previously, she served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Lucent Technologies Canada from 1999 to 2003.  
Ms. Stephenson was invested as an Officer into the Order of Canada in 2010. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Board 
Corporate Governance (Chair) 
Human Resources & 
Compensation 

Year 

2013 

2012 

Shares 

3,550 

3,550 

Attendance(5) 

Board Memberships 

4 
2 
2 

80% 
100% 
66% 

Current: General Motors Company; Intact Financial 
Services Corporation (formerly ING Canada); Manitoba 
Telecom Services Inc.; Vancouver Olympic Games 
Organizing Committee (VANOC); Women on Boards; 
Catalyst Advisory Board  
Previous:Union Energy Waterheater Income Fund; 
London Economic Development Corporation; Ontario 
Research Fund Advisory Board  

Securities Held(1) 

DSUs 
50,149 

- 

Total of Shares and 
DSUs 
53,699 

3,550 

Total Value of Shares and  
DSUs (C$) (2) 

$51,551 

$4,899 

Mr.  Sutcliffe’s  principal  occupation  is  corporate  director.    Previously,  Mr.  Sutcliffe  was  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Sierra 
Wireless, Inc. (electrical and electronic industrial products) from May 1995 to October 2005.  From May 2001 to April 2005, he 
was  also  the  Chair  of  the  Board  of  Sierra  Wireless,  Inc.    He  has  completed  the  Directors  Education  Program  of  the  Institute  of 
Corporate Directors and has received his ICD.D designation. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Board 
Audit 
Human Resources & 
Compensation (Chair) 

Year 
2013 

2012 

Shares 
3,600 

3,600 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Age: 53 

B.C., Canada 

Director since: 2005 

Independent 

Attendance(6) 

Board Memberships 

8 
3 
6 

89% 
75% 
100% 

Current: SMART Technologies Inc.; BC Social Ventures 
Partners  
Previous: Sierra Wireless, Inc.; E-Comm 911 

Securities Held(1) 

Total of Shares and 
DSUs 
82,922 

29,128 

Total Value of Shares and 
DSUs (C$) (2) 

$79,605 

$40,197 

DSUs 
79,322 

25,528 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mr. Sutcliffe’s principal occupation is corporate director.  Mr. Sutcliffe has been a partner at Sutcliffe & Associates Management 
Consultants (management consulting services) since June 1985.  Previously, Mr. Sutcliffe was CEO, Chairman and independent 
director  of  BluePoint  Data  (IT  services)  from  Sept  2001  to  June  2011,  and  Vice  Chair  and  CEO  of  BCS  Global  (video 
conferencing services) from January 2003 to March 2004. Mr. Sutcliffe was President of Mediconsult.com (public internet health 
services) from June 1995 to June 1999 and President and CEO from 1999 to 2001. Prior to that, Mr. Sutcliffe was with Coopers & 
Lybrand (chartered accounting and consultancy firm) in Vancouver and London, England from June 1979 to June 1985. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Board 

Attendance 

- 

- 

Securities Held(1) 

Board Memberships 

Current: Vita Nova Foundation; Restore Canada  
Previous: BluePoint Data Inc.(4) 

Year 

2013 

2012 

Shares 

10,000 

- 

DSUs 

- 

- 

Total of Shares and 
DSUs 

Total Value of Shares and 
DSUs (C$) (2) 

10,000 

- 

$9,600 

- 

Ian Sutcliffe 

Age: 60 

Ontario, Canada 

Director nominee 

Independent 

(1)  As of April 10, 2013 and April 10, 2012, respectively. 
(2)  Based on a C$0.96 and C$1.38 closing Share price on the TSX as of April 10, 2013 and April 10, 2012, respectively.   
(3)  Mr. Kilroy was appointed to the Corporate Governance Committee on September 20, 2012. 
(4)  Canadian securities legislation requires disclosure of any company that becomes insolvent while a director is a member of its board, or within 
one year from ceasing to act as a director.  In this regard, Mr. Hayhurst was a director of Catalyst Paper Corporation, which sought an Initial 
Order under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act on January 31, 2012.  NewPage Corporation filed for Chapter 11 protection in U.S. 
Bankruptcy Court in September 2011, 9 months after Mr. Sheridan resigned as a director of the company.  Mr. Ian Sutcliffe was a director of 
BluePoint Data Inc. on May 12, 2012 when the British Columbia Securities Commission issued a cease trade order against it for failure to file its 
financial statements and management’s discussion and analysis related thereto for the year ended December 31, 2011. Mr. Sutcliffe resigned as a 
director on June 27, 2012, subsequent to which BluePoint sold its business and distributed the proceeds to its shareholders. 

(5)  Ms. Stephenson was elected to the Board in June 2012. Due to previous commitments which could not be changed, she missed the board and 
committee meetings held on that date. Her attendance has been 100% since that time.  Ms. Stephenson was appointed Chair of the Corporate 
Governance Committee on September 20, 2012. 

(6)  Mr. David Sutcliffe was appointed to the Audit Committee on June 5, 2012. 

APPOINTMENT OF AUDITORS 

Our Audit Committee has recommended that KPMG LLP, Chartered Accountants, of 777 Dunsmuir 
Street,  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  be  nominated  at  the  Meeting  for  re-appointment  as  our  external 
auditors.  Our Audit Committee will fix the remuneration of our external auditors if authorized to do so by 
shareholders at the Meeting.  It is expected that representatives of KPMG LLP will be present at the Meeting.  
KPMG LLP were appointed as our external auditors in 1999. Total fees paid to KPMG in 2012 and 2011 are 
set forth in the table below. We comply with the requirement regarding the rotation of our audit engagement 
partner every five years.  The current audit engagement partner at KPMG LLP may continue in his role until 
the end of 2016. 

The following table shows the fees we incurred with KPMG LLP in 2012 and 2011: 

Type of Audit Fees 

Audit Fees 

Audit-Related Fees 

Tax Fees(1) 

All Other Fees 

2012 
(C$) 

$447,340 

Nil 

$3,374 

Nil 

2011 
(C$) 

$351,078 

Nil 

Nil 

Nil 

 (1) 

The Tax Fees for 2012 related to tax advisory and transfer pricing services. 

For  a  more  detailed  description  of  the  Audit  Committee  or  to  see  the  Audit  Committee’s  mandate,  a 
copy of which is posted on our website, see the section entitled "Audit Committee Matters" in our Annual 
Information Form dated March 15, 2013, which section is incorporated by reference into this Management 
Proxy Circular. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ADVISORY VOTE ON APPROACH TO EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

The Corporate Governance Committee continues to monitor developments and trends relating to say-
on-pay  in  Canada  and  elsewhere.    In  the  United  States,  the  SEC  has  established  say-on-pay  advisory 
shareholder  vote  requirements.    Although  the  Corporation’s  shares  are  traded  on  NASDAQ,  Ballard  is  a 
“foreign  private  issuer”  with  the  SEC  and  accordingly  these  requirements  do  not  apply  to  it.    Say-on-pay 
shareholder votes have been implemented by a number of larger issuers in Canada, but such votes are still 
not  mandated  in  Canada  to  date.    At  the  request  of  the  Board,  our  shareholders  passed  resolutions  on  an 
advisory basis accepting the Corporation’s approach to executive compensation in 2011 and 2012. 

The Corporate Governance Committee recommended to the Board that Ballard shareholders again be 
provided  the  opportunity,  on  an  advisory  basis,  to  vote  at  the  Meeting  in  respect  of  the  Corporation’s 
approach  to  executive  compensation.    The  Corporate  Governance  Committee  also  recommended  that 
adoption  of  a  formal  say-on-pay  policy  by  the  Board  should  continue  to  be  deferred  until  Canadian 
regulatory requirements applicable to the Corporation are known.   

Accordingly,  the  shareholders  of  the  Corporation  are  being  given  the  opportunity  to  vote  at  this 
Meeting,  on  an  advisory  and  non-binding  basis,  “FOR”  or  “AGAINST”  the  Corporation’s  approach  to 
executive compensation through the following resolution: 

“RESOLVED, on an advisory basis and not to diminish the role and responsibilities of the Board of 
Directors  of  the  Corporation,  that  the  shareholders  accept  the  approach  to  executive  compensation 
disclosed  in  the  Corporation’s  management  information  circular  delivered  in  advance  of  the 
Corporation’s 2013 annual meeting of shareholders.” 

The  Board  believes  that  shareholders  should  be  well  informed  about  and  fully  understand  the 
objectives,  philosophy  and  principles  that  it  has  used  to  make  executive  compensation  decisions.    For 
information regarding Ballard’s approach to executive compensation, shareholders should review the section 
entitled  "Compensation  –  Compensation  Discussion  and  Analysis"  appearing  below  in  this  Management 
Information Circular. 

Approval of the above resolution will require an affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast on 
the matter at the Meeting.  As the vote on this resolution is advisory, the results will not be binding on the 
Board  or  the  Human  Resources  &  Compensation  Committee  ("HRCC").    However,  the  Board  and  the 
HRCC will take the results of the advisory vote into account, as appropriate, as part of their ongoing review 
of executive compensation philosophy, policies and programs.   

The  Board  recommends  that  shareholders  vote  “FOR”  the  foregoing  resolutions.    The 
representatives of management named in the enclosed form of proxy, if named as proxyholders, intend 
to  vote  for  the  resolution,  unless  the  shareholder  has  specified  in  the  form  of  proxy  that  his  or  her 
shares are to be voted against the resolution. 

PROPOSED SHARE CONSOLIDATION 

On February 20, 2013, our Board approved the submission to shareholders of a special resolution, a 
copy  of  which  is  attached  as  Appendix  A.  Shareholders  are  being  asked  to  consider,  and  if  thought 
appropriate,  approve  the  special  resolution  approving  the  amendment  of  the  Corporation’s  articles  of 
incorporation  to  consolidate  its  issued  and  outstanding  Shares  (the  “Share  Consolidation”).    If  the  special 
resolution  is  approved,  our  Board  will  have  the  authority,  in  its  sole  discretion,  to  select  the  exact 
consolidation ratio, provided that (a) the ratio may be no smaller than one post-consolidation Share for every 
three  pre-consolidation  Shares  and  no  larger  than  one  post-consolidation  Share  for  every  seven  pre-
consolidation Shares and (b) the number of pre-consolidation Shares in the ratio must be a whole number of 
Shares.    Subject  to  TSX  approval,  the  approval  of  the  special  resolution  by  shareholders  would  give  the 
Board authority to implement the Share Consolidation at any time prior to June 4, 2014.  In addition, even if 
the proposed Share Consolidation is approved by shareholders, the Board, in its sole discretion, may revoke 
the  special  resolution  and  abandon  the  Share  Consolidation  without  further  approval  or  action  by  or  prior 
notice to shareholders 

14 

 
The background to and reasons for the Share Consolidation, certain risks associated with the Share 

Consolidation and related information are described below. 

Background 

Ballard’s Shares are listed on the TSX and NASDAQ.  NASDAQ is a significant trading market for 
the  Shares.    As  of  April  10,  2013,  we  estimate  that  75%  of  the  average  daily  trading  volume  of  the 
Corporation’s Shares occurs on NASDAQ. 

On October 5, 2012, Ballard received a NASDAQ staff determination letter indicating that Ballard 
was  not  in  compliance  with  the  minimum  bid  price  of  US$1.00  per  Share,  which  is  a  requirement  for 
continued  listing  on  NASDAQ.    This  notice  indicated  that  Ballard  had  until  April  3,  2013  to  regain 
compliance  with NASDAQ’s  minimum bid price requirement and that the Corporation may qualify for an 
additional 180 day extension of the compliance period, subject to certain conditions.   

On March 20, 2013, Ballard received written notification from NASDAQ indicating that Ballard has 
regained  compliance  with  the  minimum  bid  price  requirement.  While  the  Corporation  is  currently  in 
compliance,  there  is  no  assurance  that  we  will  maintain  compliance.    Accordingly  the  Corporation  is 
proposing to request shareholder approval for a Share Consolidation in the event that it will be required to 
regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement prior to the next annual meeting in June 2014.  

Our Board believes that shareholder approval of a range of potential consolidation ratios (rather than 
a single consolidation ratio) would provide the Board with maximum flexibility to achieve the desired results 
of  the  Share  Consolidation  if  it  proves  necessary  to  take  consolidation  action.    If  the  special  resolution  is 
approved, the Share Consolidation would be implemented, if at all, only upon a determination by the Board 
that  it  is  in  the  best  interests  of  the  Corporation  and  its  shareholders  at  that  time.    In  connection  with  any 
determination to implement a consolidation, the Board will set the timing for such consolidation and select 
the specific ratio from within the range of ratios set forth in the special resolution.  The Board’s selection of 
the specific ratio would be based primarily on the price of our Shares at the time and the expected stability of 
that  price  level.    No  further  action  on  the  part  of  shareholders  will  be  required  in  order  for  the  Board  to 
implement the Share Consolidation.  If the Board does not implement the Share Consolidation before June 4, 
2014,  the  authority  granted  by  the  special  resolution  to  implement  the  Share  Consolidation  on  these  terms 
will  lapse.    The  special  resolution  also  authorizes  the  Board  to  elect  not  to  proceed  with  and  abandon  the 
Share Consolidation at any time if it determines, in its sole discretion, to do so.  The Board would exercise 
this right if it determined that the Share Consolidation was no longer in the best interests of the Corporation 
and its shareholders.  No further approval or action by or prior notice to the shareholders would be required 
in order for the Board to abandon the Share Consolidation. 

Certain Risks Associated with the Share Consolidation 

The Corporation’s total market capitalization immediately after the Share Consolidation may be lower than 
immediately before the Share Consolidation. 

There are numerous factors and contingencies that could affect the Share price following the Share 
Consolidation, including the status of the market for our Shares at the time, our reported results of operations 
in future periods and general economic, geopolitical, stock market and industry conditions.  For example,  if 
the  Board  decided  to  implement  the  Share  Consolidation  and  select  a  consolidation  ratio  of  one  post-
consolidation  Share  for  every  three  pre-consolidation  Shares,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  post-
consolidation market price of the Shares would be three times the pre-consolidation price or greater. 

A decline in the market price of the Shares after the Share Consolidation may result in a greater percentage 
decline than would occur in the absence of a consolidation, and the liquidity of the Shares could be adversely 
affected following the Share Consolidation. 

If  the  Share  Consolidation  is  implemented  and  the  market  price  of  the  Shares  declines,  the 
percentage decline may be greater than would occur in the absence of a consolidation.  The market price of 
the  Shares  will,  however,  also  be  based  on  the  Corporation’s  performance  and  other  factors,  which  are 

15 

 
unrelated to the number of Shares outstanding.  Furthermore, the liquidity of the Shares could be adversely 
affected by the reduced number of Shares that would be outstanding following a consolidation. 

The Share Consolidation may result in some shareholders owning “odd lots” of less than 100 Shares on a 
post-consolidation basis which may be more difficult to sell or require greater transaction costs per Share to 
sell. 

If the Share Consolidation is implemented, it may result in some shareholders owning “odd lots” of 
less than 100 Shares on a post-consolidation basis.  Odd lots may be more difficult to sell, or require greater 
transaction costs per Share to sell, relative to Shares in “board lots” of multiples of 100 Shares. 

Other Information Regarding the Share Consolidation 

No Fractional Shares to be Issued 

No fractional Shares will be issued in connection with the Share Consolidation, if implemented, and 
if a shareholder would otherwise be entitled to receive a fractional Share upon the Share Consolidation, such 
fraction will be rounded down to the nearest whole number. 

Principle Effects of the Share Consolidation 

If approved and implemented, the Share Consolidation will occur simultaneously for all the Shares 
and  the  consolidation  ratio  would  be  the  same  for  all  such  Shares.    The  consolidation  would  affect  all 
shareholders equally.  Except for any variances attributable to fractional Shares, the change in the number of 
issued and outstanding Shares that would result from the Share Consolidation would cause no change in the 
capital attributable to the Shares and would not materially affect any shareholders’ percentage ownership in 
the Corporation, even though such ownership would be represented by a smaller number of Shares. 

In addition, the Share Consolidation would not affect any shareholder’s proportionate voting rights.  
Each  Share  outstanding  after  the  Share  Consolidation  would  be  entitled  to  one  vote  and  be  fully  paid  and 
non-assessable. 

The principle effects of the Share Consolidation would be that: 
(cid:3)  Reduction in number of Shares outstanding – the number of Shares issued and outstanding would 
be reduced from approximately 99,199,633 Shares as of April 10, 2013 to between approximately 
14,171,376  and  33,066,544  Shares,  depending  on  the  consolidation  ratio  selected  by  the  Board; 
and 

(cid:3)  Reduction in number of Shares reserved for issuance under our Equity-based Compensation Plans 
– the number of Shares reserved for issuance under  the Corporation’s Option Plan and the  SDP 
would be reduced proportionately based on the consolidation ratio selected by the Board 

Effect on Non-registered Shareholders 

Non-registered  shareholders  holding  their  Shares  through  a  bank,  broker  or  other  nominee  should 
note  that  such  banks,  brokers  or  other  nominees  may  have  different  procedures  for  processing  the  Share 
Consolidation than those that will be put in place by the Corporation for registered shareholders.  If you hold 
your  Shares  with  a  bank,  broker  or  other  nominee  and  if  you  have  any  questions  in  this  regard,  you  are 
encouraged to contact your nominee. 

Effect on Share Certificates 

If the Share Consolidation is approved and implemented, registered shareholders will be required to 
exchange their share certificates representing pre-consolidation Shares for new share certificates representing 
post-consolidation  Shares.    If  the  Board  decides  to  implement  it,  then  following  the  announcement  by  the 
Corporation of the selected consolidation ratio and the effective date of the Share Consolidation, registered 

16 

 
 
 
shareholders will be sent a letter of transmittal from the Corporation’s transfer agent, Computershare Trust 
Company of Canada, as soon as practicable after the effective date of the Share Consolidation.  The letter of 
transmittal  will  contain  instructions  on  how  to  surrender  your  certificate(s)  representing  your  pre-
consolidation  Shares  to  the  transfer  agent.    The  transfer  agent  will  forward  to  each  registered  shareholder 
who has sent the required documents a new share certificate representing the number of post-consolidation 
Shares  to  which  the  shareholder  is  entitled.    Until  surrendered,  each  share  certificate  representing  pre-
consolidation  Shares  will  be  deemed  for  all  purposed  to  represent  the  number  of  whole  post-consolidation 
Shares to which the shareholder is entitled as a result of the Share Consolidation. 

Shareholders  should  not  destroy  any  share  certificates(s)  and  should  not  submit  any  share 

certificate(s) until requested to do so. 

Procedure for Implementing the Share Consolidation 

If the Share Consolidation is approved and the Board decides to implement it, the Corporation will 
promptly file articles of amendment with the Director under the CBCA in the form prescribed by the CBCA 
to amend the Corporation’s articles of incorporation.  The Share Consolidation would then become effective 
on the date shown in the certificate of amendment issued by the Director under the CBCA or such other date 
indicated in the articles of amendment provided that, in any event, such date will be prior to June 4, 2014. 

No Dissent Rights 

Under the CBCA, shareholders do not have dissent and appraisal rights with respect to the proposed 

Share Consolidation. 

The text of the special resolution, which will be submitted to the shareholders at the Meeting, is set 
forth in Appendix A.  Approval of the resolution will require an affirmative vote of not less than two-thirds 
of the votes cast on the matter at the Meeting.   

For  the  reasons  indicated  above,  the  Board  recommends  that  shareholders  vote  “FOR”  the 
foregoing  resolutions.    The  representatives  of  management  named  in  the  enclosed  form  of  proxy,  if 
named  as  proxyholders,  intend  to  vote  for  the  resolution,  unless  the  shareholder  has  specified  in  the 
form of proxy that his or her shares are to be voted against the resolution. 

ADOPTION OF BY-LAW NUMBER 2 

The Corporation desires to adopt By-Law Number 2 (the “By-law”), a copy of which is attached as 
Schedule “B”. The By-law is being presented to provide for advance notice of nominations of directors in 
certain circumstances. The material changes contained in the By-law may be summarized as follows:  

(cid:3)  advance  notice  is  now  required  to  be  provided  to  the  Corporation  in  circumstances  where 
nominations of persons for election to the board of directors are made by shareholders other than 
pursuant  to  a  requisition  of  a  meeting  made  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  the  CBCA  or  a 
shareholder direction or request made pursuant to the provisions of the CBCA. 

The purpose of the advance notice provisions in the By-law is to foster a variety of interests of the 
shareholders  and  the  Corporation  by  ensuring  that  all  shareholders  -  including  those  participating  in  a 
meeting  by proxy  rather  than  in  person  -  receive  adequate  notice  of  the  nominations  to  be  considered  at  a 
meeting and can thereby exercise their voting rights in an informed manner. In addition, the By-law should 
assist in facilitating an orderly and efficient meeting process. The advance notice provisions will not apply to 
the  Meeting  or  any  adjournment  or  postponement  thereof,  but  will  apply  to  all  subsequent  meetings  of 
shareholders. 

The  foregoing  summary  of  the  material  changes  to  the  by-laws  of  the  Company  is  intended  to  be 

brief and is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the By-law, which is attached as Schedule “B”. 

At  the  Meeting,  shareholders  will  be  asked  to  consider,  and  if  thought  appropriate,  approve  the 
resolution  substantially  in  the  form  noted  below  to  approve  the  By-law.    Approval  of  the  resolution  will 
require an affirmative vote of not less than a majority of the votes cast on the matter at the Meeting. 

17 

 
“RESOLVED, as an ordinary resolution, that:  

(a) the By-law substantially in the form attached as Schedule “B” to the Corporation’s Management 
Proxy Circular dated April 10, 2013, is hereby approved, ratified and confirmed as the by-law of the 
Company; and  

(b) Any director or officer of the Corporation is hereby authorized to do all such acts and execute 
and  deliver  all  such  documents  as  may  be  necessary  to  give  effect  to  this  ordinary  resolution, 
including,  without  limitation,  the  determination  of  the  effective  date  of  the  consolidation  and  the 
delivery  of  articles  of  amendment  in  the  prescribed  form  to  the  Director  appointed  underthe 
Canadian Business Corporations Act, the execution of any document or the doing of any such other 
act or thing being conclusive evidence of such determination.”  

For  the  reasons  indicated  above,  the  Board  recommends  that  shareholders  vote  “FOR”  the 
foregoing  resolutions.    The  representatives  of  management  named  in  the  enclosed  form  of  proxy,  if 
named  as  proxyholders,  intend  to  vote  for  the  resolution,  unless  the  shareholder  has  specified  in  the 
form of proxy that his or her shares are to be voted against the resolution. 

VOTING INFORMATION 

SOLICITATION OF PROXIES 

This Management Proxy Circular is furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by our 
management  in  connection  with  the  Meeting  to  be  held  on  Tuesday,  June  4,  2013  at  1:00  p.m.  Pacific 
Daylight Time in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, or the date and place of any adjournment thereof.  We 
are  soliciting  proxies  primarily  by  mail,  but  our  directors,  officers  and  employees  may  solicit  proxies 
personally,  by  telephone,  by  facsimile  transmission  or  by  other  means  of  electronic  communication.    The 
cost of the solicitation will be borne by us.  The approximate date on which this Management Proxy Circular 
and the related materials are first being sent to Registered Shareholders is April 26, 2013. 

HOW TO VOTE 

Only  Registered  Shareholders  or  their  duly  appointed  proxyholders  are  permitted  to  vote  at  the 
Meeting.  Beneficial Shareholders are not permitted to vote at the Meeting as only proxies from Registered 
Shareholders can be recognized and voted at the Meeting.  You may vote as follows: 

Registered Shareholders:  If  you  are  a  Registered  Shareholder  you  may  vote  by  attending  the 
Meeting  in  person,  or  if  you  do  not  plan  to  attend  the  Meeting,  by  completing  the  proxy  and  delivering  it 
according to the instructions contained in the form of proxy and this Management Proxy Circular. 

Beneficial Shareholders:    If  you  are  a  Beneficial  Shareholder  you  may  only  vote  by  carefully 
following the instructions on the voting instruction form or proxy form provided to you by your stockbroker 
or  financial  intermediary.    If  you  do  not  follow  the  special  procedures  described  by  your  stockbroker  or 
financial intermediary, you will not be entitled to vote. 

EXECUTION AND REVOCATION OF PROXIES 

A Registered Shareholder or the Registered Shareholder’s attorney authorized in writing or, where 
the Registered Shareholder is a company, a duly authorized officer or attorney of that company, must execute 
the  proxy.    In  order  to  be  effective,  completed  proxies  must  be  deposited  at  the  office  of  the  registrar  and 
transfer agent for the Shares, being Computershare Investor Services Inc. ("Computershare"), Proxy Dept., 
100 University Avenue, 9th Floor, Toronto Ontario, M5J 2Y1 (Fax: within North America: 1-866-249-7775; 
outside North America: 1-416-263-9524), not less than 48 hours (excluding Saturdays and holidays) before 
the  time  of  the  Meeting.  The  individuals  named  as  proxyholders  in  the  accompanying  form  of  proxy  are 
directors  and  officers  of  Ballard.  A  Registered  Shareholder  desiring  to  appoint  a  person  or  company 

18 

 
(who  need  not  be  a  shareholder)  to  represent  him  or  her  at  the  Meeting,  other  than  the  persons  or 
companies  named  in  the  enclosed  proxy,  may  do  so  by  inserting  the  name  of  such  other  person  or 
company in the blank space provided in the proxy. 

A proxy may be revoked by written notice executed by the Registered Shareholder or by his or her 
attorney  authorized  in  writing  or,  where  the  Registered  Shareholder  is  a  company,  by  a  duly  authorized 
officer or attorney of that company. 

INTEREST OF CERTAIN PERSONS OR COMPANIES IN MATTERS TO BE ACTED UPON 

No one who has been a director or executive officer of ours at any time since January 1, 2012, or any 
of  his  or  her  associates  or  affiliates,  has  any  material  interest,  direct  or  indirect,  by  way  of  beneficial 
ownership  of  Shares  or  otherwise,  in  any  matter  to  be  acted  on  at  the  Meeting  other  than  the  election  of 
directors.  

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

Our Board and senior management consider good corporate governance to be central to our effective 
and  efficient  operation.    We  monitor  corporate  governance  initiatives  as  they  develop  and  benchmark 
industry practices to ensure that we are in compliance with corporate governance rules. 

Our  corporate  governance  practices  are  reflected  in  our  Corporate  Governance  Guidelines,  which 
provide  for  director  qualification  standards,  director  responsibilities,  the  form  and  amount  of  director 
compensation,  director  orientation  and  continuing  education,  management  succession  planning  and 
performance evaluation of the Board.  A copy of the Corporate Governance Guidelines can be found on our 
website.  We have also reviewed our internal control and disclosure procedures, and are satisfied that they 
are  sufficient  to  enable  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  to  certify our  interim  and 
annual  reports  filed  with  Canadian  securities  regulatory  authorities,  and  to  certify  our  annual  reports  filed 
with or submitted to the SEC. 

In addition, we have set up a process for shareholders to communicate to the Board, the details of 
which can be found on our website.  A summary of shareholder feedback is provided to the Board through a 
semi-annual report. 

We  believe  that  we  comply  with  all  applicable  Canadian  securities  administrators  (“CSA”)  and 
NASDAQ corporate governance rules and guidelines.  The CSA requires that listed corporations subject to 
National  Instrument  58-101  -  Disclosure  of  Corporate  Governance  Practices  ("NI  58-101")  disclose  their 
policies respecting corporate governance.  We comply with NI 58-101, which addresses matters such as the 
constitution  and  independence  of  corporate  boards,  the  functions  to  be  performed  by  boards  and  their 
committees,  and  the  effectiveness  and  education  of  board  members.    We  are  exempt  from  the  NASDAQ 
corporate governance rule requiring that each NASDAQ quoted company has in place a minimum quorum 
requirement for shareholder meetings of 33 1/3% of the outstanding shares of the company’s voting common 
stock.    Our  by-laws  currently  provide  that  a  quorum  is  met  if  holders  of  at  least  five  percent  of  the  votes 
eligible to be cast at a shareholders’ meeting are present or represented by proxy at the meeting. 

BOARD COMPOSITION AND NOMINATION PROCESS 

All  of  our  directors  are  independent  except  for  John  Sheridan,  our  President  and  Chief  Executive 
Officer.    "Independence"  is  judged  in accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  United  States  Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act of 2002 ("Sarbanes-Oxley"), and as determined by the CSA and the NASDAQ.  We conduct an annual 
review of the other corporate boards on which our directors sit, and have determined that currently there are 
no  board  interlocks  with  respect  to  our  directors.    The  Board  has  also  established  a  guideline  for  the 
maximum  number  of  corporate  boards  on  which  a  director  should  sit.    This  guideline  has  been  set  at  five 
corporate boards (not including non-profit boards). 

19 

 
Our  Corporate  Governance  Committee  conducts  an  annual  process  under  which  an  assessment  is 
made of the skills, expertise and competencies of the directors and is compared to our needs and the needs of 
the Board.  This process culminates in a recommendation to the Board of individual nominee directors for 
election at our annual shareholders’ meeting.   

Directors  are  elected  yearly  at  our  annual  shareholders’  meeting  and  serve  on  the  Board  until  the 
following annual shareholders’ meeting, at which time they either stand for re-election or leave the Board.  If 
no meeting is held, each director serves until his or her successor is elected or appointed, unless the director 
resigns  earlier.  The  Board  has  established  director  resignation  guidelines,  which  set  out  the  circumstances 
under which a director would be compelled to submit a resignation or be asked to resign. 

The following table identifies some of the current skills and other factors considered as part of the 
competency  matrix  developed  by  the HRCC,  along  with  identification  of  each  nominee  for  election  to  the 
Board of Directors possessing each skill: 

Sales/ 
Marketing 

Finance/ 
Accounting 

Legal & 
Regulatory  

Strategy 

President/ 
CEO 
Experience 

Product 
Development 

Power 
Generation  

Corporate 
Governance 

Ian A. Bourne 

Douglas P. Hayhurst 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

John W. Sheridan 

Carol M. 
Stephenson 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Ian Sutcliffe 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

MAJORITY VOTING POLICY 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

The Board established director resignation guidelines, which set out the circumstances under which a 
director would be compelled to offer a resignation or be asked to resign, including a majority voting policy.  
This policy requires that any nominee for director who receives a greater number of votes "withheld" than 
"for" his or her election shall tender his or her resignation to the Board following our annual shareholders’ 
meeting,  to  take  effect  immediately  upon  acceptance  by  the  Board.    Upon  receipt  of  such  conditional 
resignation, the Corporate Governance Committee will consider the matter and, as soon as possible, make a 
recommendation  to  the  full  Board  regarding  whether  or  not  such  resignation  should  be  accepted.  After 
considering the recommendation of the Corporate Governance Committee, the Board will decide whether or 
not to accept the tendered resignation and will, not later than 90 days after the annual shareholders’ meeting, 
issue a press release which either confirms that it has accepted the resignation or provides an explanation for 
why it has refused to accept the resignation.  The director tendering his or her resignation will not participate 
in any meeting of the Board or the Corporate Governance Committee at which the resignation is considered. 
Subject  to  any  restrictions  or  requirements  contained  in  applicable  corporate  law  or  Ballard’s  constating 
documents,  the  Board  may:  (a)  leave  a  resulting  vacancy  unfilled  until  the  next  annual  shareholders’ 
meeting;  (b)  appoint  a  replacement  director  whom  the  Board  considers  merits  the  confidence  of  the 
shareholders;  or  (c)  call  a  special  meeting  of  shareholders  to  elect  a  replacement  director  who  may  be  a 
person  nominated  by  management.  The  policy  does  not  apply  in  respect  of  any  contested  shareholders’ 
meeting, which is any meeting of shareholders where the number of nominees for director is greater than the 
number of directors to be elected.  

DIRECTOR SHARE OWNERSHIP GUIDELINES 

We  have  minimum  share  ownership  guidelines  that  apply  to  our  independent  directors.    The 

guidelines were revised by the Board of directors effective September 21, 2011. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All independent directors must hold the number of Ballard common shares having a value equivalent 
to three times the director’s annual retainer.  Directors may apply DSUs they have received as payment for 
all or part of their annual retainer towards the minimum share ownership requirements. 

The value of shares held by directors will be measured on or about September 1st of each year based 
on the purchase price actually paid by the director for such shares, or the value of DSUs or shares received 
by the director when issued to him or her by the Corporation, as applicable. 

Directors that were members of the Board at the time the guidelines were adopted in September 2011 
have until September 2013 to comply with this requirement.  Directors elected subsequently have five years 
from the date that they are first elected to the Board to comply.  The Chair of the Board has five years from 
his original appointment as Chair in February 2006 to satisfy the minimum share ownership requirements for 
the  Chair.    Any  director  who  fails  to  comply  with  the  share  ownership  requirement  may  not  stand  for  re-
election.  Currently, all directors have met or are on track to achieve these guidelines. 

BOARD MEETINGS 

The Board meets on a regularly scheduled basis and directors are kept informed of our operations at 
meetings  of  the  Board  and  its  committees,  and  through  reports  by  and  discussions  with  management.    In 
2012, in-camera sessions, chaired by the Chair of the Board, were held after each regularly scheduled Board 
meeting  involving  all  of  the  independent  directors  without  the  presence  of  management.    In  addition, 
communications  between  the  directors  and  management  occur  apart  from  regularly  scheduled  Board  and 
committee meetings.  The Board has set a minimum meeting attendance guideline of 70%.  Non-compliance 
with  this  guideline  by  a  director  is  one  of  the  factors  considered  in  his  or  her  individual  performance 
evaluation at the end of the year. 

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 

The  Board  operates  under  a  formal  mandate  (a  copy  of  which  is  attached  as  Appendix  "A"  and  is 
posted  on  our  website),  which  sets  out  its  duties  and  responsibilities,  including  matters  such  as  corporate 
strategy, fiscal  management and reporting, selection of  management, legal and regulatory compliance, risk 
management, external communications and performance evaluation.  The Board has also established terms of 
reference and corporate governance guidelines for individual directors (copies of which are also posted on 
our website), which set out the directors’ individual responsibilities and duties.  Terms of reference are also 
established  for  the  Board  chair  and  the  CEO.    These  terms  of  reference  and  guidelines  serve  as  a  code  of 
conduct with which each director is expected to comply, and address matters such as conflicts of interest, the 
duties  and  standard  of  care  of  directors,  the  level  of  availability  expected  of  directors,  requirements  for 
maximizing the effectiveness of Board and committee meetings, and considerations that directors are to keep 
in mind in order to make effective and informed decisions. 

In addition, we have a Board-approved "Code of Ethics", which applies to all members of the Board, 
as  well  as  our  officers  and  employees.    A  copy  of  the  Code  of  Ethics  can  be  found  on  our  website.    This 
document  is  reviewed  annually  and  updated  or  revised  as  necessary.    Annually,  all  employees  in  Sales  & 
Marketing,  Finance  &  Administration,  Supply  Chain,  Customer  Service  and  Quality,  and  all  management 
employees and officers, are required to formally acknowledge they have read, reviewed and comply with the 
Code of Ethics.  A compliance report is then presented to the Audit Committee and Board.  

The Chair of the Board is responsible for ensuring the appropriate organization, content and flow of 
information to the Board and that all concerns of the directors are addressed.  The Chair of the Board reviews 
and sets the agenda for each Board meeting.  The Chair of the Board is also responsible for organizing and 
setting  the  frequency  of  Board  meetings  and  ensuring  that  Board  meetings  are  conducted  efficiently.    The 
Chair of the Board is an independent director. 

Each year, the Board identifies a list of focus priorities for the Board during the year.  The Corporate 

Governance Committee regularly monitors the Board’s progress against these priorities throughout the year. 

21 

 
BOARD ORIENTATION AND EDUCATION 

We have established a formal director orientation and ongoing education program.  Upon joining our 
Board, each director receives an orientation regarding our business.  Such orientation consists of site visits to 
all  of  our  manufacturing  facilities,  presentations  regarding  our  business,  technology  and  products,  and  a 
manual that contains various reference documents and information.  Continuing education is offered by way 
of  ongoing  circulation  of  informative  materials  aimed  at  topical  subject  matters  and  management 
presentations at Board meetings, as well as guest speakers who are invited to speak to our Board on various 
topics.    In  the  past,  we  have  invited  guest  speakers  to  speak  to  our  Board  about  the  fuel  cell  industry, 
internal  management 
government 
representatives  to  speak  about  various  issues  relating  to  our  technology  and  business.    The  educational 
presentations that are made by internal management provide an opportunity for Board members to meet and 
interact with members of our management team. 

regulation,  corporate  governance  and 

risk  management,  and 

SHAREHOLDER FEEDBACK AND COMMUNICATION 

We have set up an e-mail process for shareholders to communicate with the Board, through the Chair 
of the Board.  Shareholders who wish to send a message to the Chair of the Board can find the details of this 
process on our website.  In addition, a summary of shareholder feedback that is received by us is provided to 
the Board through a semi-annual report. 

BOARD AND DIRECTOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONS 

Each year, the Board conducts an evaluation and review of its performance during the past year. The 
evaluation  is  conducted  through  a  process  determined  from  time  to  time  by  the  Corporate  Governance 
Committee which elicits responses from individual directors on a confidential basis regarding the Board and 
individual directors. The process may include the completion of a questionnaire by all of the directors as well 
as individual director self-evaluations and peer evaluations. The Corporate Governance Committee presents 
the  summary  results  to  the  full  Board,  which  then,  based  on  the  results  of  the  evaluation,  determines 
appropriate changes to improve Board effectiveness. 

COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD 

The  Board  has  established  three  standing  committees:  (1)  the  Audit  Committee;  (2)  the  Human 
Resources  &  Compensation  Committee  (“HRCC”);  and  (3)  the  Corporate  Governance  Committee.    Each 
committee has been delegated certain responsibilities, performs certain advisory functions and either makes 
certain decisions or makes recommendations to the Board.  Each committee chair reports on the activities of 
the committee to the Board following each committee meeting.  None of the members of these committees 
are current or former officers or employees of ours, or any of our subsidiaries. 

In addition to the standing committees of the Board, an ad hoc committee, the Financing Advisory 
Committee,  was  established  in  2012  to  consider  and  advise  management  on  potential  financing-related 
transactions.  

The following chart sets out current members of our standing committees: 

22 

 
Ian A. Bourne* 

Douglas P. Hayhurst 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

John W. Sheridan 

Carol M. Stephenson 

Audit Committee 
(cid:4) 
(cid:4) 
(cid:4) (Chair) 

** 

Corporate Governance 
Committee 
(cid:4) 

Human Resources & 
Compensation 
Committee 
(cid:4) 
(cid:4) 

(cid:4) 

** 
(cid:4) (Chair) 

** 
(cid:4) 
(cid:4) (Chair) 

(cid:4) 
David B. Sutcliffe 
* Chair of the Board and designated financial expert.  Mr. Bourne is an ex officio member of each of the committees. 
** Non-independent director.  Mr. Sheridan attends the meetings but is not a voting member of the committees. 

The information below sets out the members of each of our standing committees and indicates the 
number  of  meetings  that  each  committee  held  in  2012.    After  the  Meeting,  we  will  reconstitute  all  of  the 
committees to reflect the newly elected Board.  

Audit Committee 

The  Audit  Committee  is  constituted  in  accordance  with  SEC  rules,  applicable  securities  laws  and 
applicable  NASDAQ  rules,  and  assists  the  Board  in  fulfilling  its  responsibilities  by  reviewing  financial 
information, the systems of corporate controls and the audit process.   

The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible  for  overseeing  the  audit  process  and  the  preparation  of  our 
financial  statements,  ensuring  that  our  financial  statements  are  fairly  presented  in  accordance  with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”),  approving  our  quarterly  financial  statements,  and 
reviewing  and  recommending  to  the  Board  our  year-end  financial  statements  and  all  financial  disclosure 
contained in our public documents.  The Audit Committee meets with our financial officers and our internal 
and external auditors to review matters affecting financial reporting, the system of internal accounting and 
financial disclosure controls and procedures, and the audit procedures and audit plans.  The Audit Committee 
reviews  our  significant  financial  risks  and  the  appointment  of  senior  financial  executives,  and  annually 
reviews our insurance coverage, tax loss carry forwards, pension and health care liabilities, and off-balance 
sheet transactions.  The Audit Committee has at least one member, Ian A. Bourne, who qualifies as an audit 
committee  financial  expert  under  applicable  securities  regulations.    All  of  the  members  of  the  Audit 
Committee are independent directors and are financially literate.   

The Audit Committee is responsible for recommending the appointment of our external auditors (for 
shareholder  approval  at  our  annual  general  meeting),  monitoring  the  external  auditors’  qualifications  and 
independence, and determining the appropriate level of remuneration for the external auditors.  The external 
auditors report directly to the Audit Committee.  The Audit Committee also approves in advance, on a case-
by-case basis, any services to be provided by the external auditors that are not related to the audit. 

In  addition,  the  Audit  Committee  is  mandated  to  review  all  financial  disclosure  contained  in 
prospectuses,  annual  reports,  annual  information  forms,  management  proxy  circulars  and  other  similar 
documents.  The Audit Committee is also responsible for ensuring that the internal audit function is being 
effectively carried out.  The Audit Committee reviews and approves, in advance, related party transactions 
on a case-by-case basis. 

The  Audit  Committee  met  6  times  during  the  financial  year  ended  December  31,  2012.    The 
members  in  2012  were  Ian  A.  Bourne  (ex  officio),  Edwin  J.  Kilroy  (Chair),  Douglas  P.  Hayhurst  (June  – 
December) and David B. Sutcliffe (June – December). Mark A. Suwyn and Douglas W.G. Whitehead, who 
did  not  stand  for  re-election  in  2012,  were  members  until  June,  2012.    All  of  the  members  of  the  Audit 
Committee  are  independent  of  our  management  in  accordance  with  the  applicable  Canadian  and  United 
States securities laws and exchange requirements. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
For a more detailed description of the Audit Committee or to see the Audit Committee’s mandate, a 
copy of which is posted on our website, see the section entitled "Audit Committee Matters" in our Annual 
Information Form dated March 15, 2013, which section is incorporated by reference into this Management 
Proxy Circular. 

Human Resources & Compensation Committee 

The  Human  Resources  &  Compensation  Committee  is  responsible  for  considering  and  authorizing 
the  terms  of  employment  and  compensation  of  executive  officers  and  providing  advice  on  compensation 
structures in the various jurisdictions in which we operate.  In addition to approving the compensation of our 
executive officers, the committee also regularly reviews and sets the minimum share ownership requirement 
for  executive  officers.    The  committee  also  provides  advice  on  our  organizational  structure,  reviews  all 
distributions under our equity-based compensation plans, and reviews and approves the design and structure 
of, and any amendments to, those plans.   

The  committee  ensures  appropriate  senior  management  succession  planning,  recruitment, 
development,  training  and  evaluation.    In  particular,  the  committee  annually  reviews  the  performance 
objectives  of  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  is  responsible  for  conducting  his  annual  performance 
evaluation.  Any compensation consultants engaged by us, at the direction of the committee, report directly 
to the committee, and the committee has the authority to appoint such consultants, determine their level of 
remuneration, and oversee and terminate their services.  

A copy of the Human Resources & Compensation Committee’s mandate is posted on our website.  
The mandate is reviewed annually and the committee’s performance is assessed annually through a process 
overseen by the Corporate Governance Committee. 

The HRCC met 6 times during the financial year ended December 31, 2012.  The members in 2012 
were  Ian  A.  Bourne  (ex  officio),  Douglas  P.  Hayhurst  (June  –  December),  Dr.  C.S.  Park,  Carol  M. 
Stephenson  (June  –  December),  David  B.  Sutcliffe  (Chair)  and  Mark  Suwyn  (January  -  June).    All  of  the 
members of the HRCC are independent of our management in accordance with the applicable Canadian and 
United States securities laws and exchange requirements.  

Corporate Governance Committee 

The Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for recommending to the Board the size of the 
Board,  review  and  approval  of  all  director  nominations  to  the  Board,  monitoring  corporate  governance, 
including the formation and membership of committees of the Board, conducting succession planning for the 
Chair  of  the  Board  and  determining  director  compensation.    The  committee  regularly  reviews  the  level  of 
director  compensation  and  approves  the  design  and  structure  of,  and  any  amendments  to,  our  director 
compensation plans.  Any compensation consultants engaged by us, at the direction of the committee, report 
directly to the committee, and the committee has the authority to appoint such consultants, determine their 
level of remuneration, and oversee and terminate their services.  The committee is responsible for ensuring a 
formal process exists to evaluate the performance of the Board, Board committees, individual directors, and 
the Chair of the Board, and ensuring that appropriate actions are taken, based on the results of the evaluation, 
to improve the effectiveness of the Board.   

The Corporate Governance Committee makes recommendations to the Board to enable the Board to 
comply  with best  corporate  governance  practices  in  Canada  and  the  United  States.    The  committee  is  also 
responsible for maintaining an ongoing education program for Board members. 

A copy of the Corporate Governance Committee’s mandate is posted on our website.  The mandate 
is reviewed annually and the committee’s performance is assessed annually through a process overseen by 
the Board. 

The  Corporate  Governance  Committee  met  4  times  during  the  financial  year  ended  December  31, 
2012.  The members in 2012 were Ian A. Bourne (ex officio), Edwin J. Kilroy (September – December), Dr. 
C.S.  Park,  David  J.  Smith  (Chair,  January  -  September)  and  Carol  M.  Stephenson  (June  –  December, 

24 

 
appointed Chair in September). All of the members of the Corporate Governance Committee are independent 
of  our  management  in  accordance  with  the  applicable  Canadian  and  United  States  securities  laws  and 
exchange requirements.  

Financing Advisory Committee 

The  Corporation's  Board  and  management  have  been  active  in  evaluating  a  number  of  financing-
related transactions in order to provide the Corporation with access to the capital necessary to successfully 
pursue  its  strategy.    The  Board  has  determined  that  any  decision  whether  to  pursue  any  such  transaction 
should be preceded by an analysis of the relevant facts and issues conducted by a committee of independent 
members  of  the  Board.    The  Financing  Advisory  Committee  is  a  temporary  committee  of  the  Board 
established in June 2012 for this purpose.   

The Financing Advisory Committee mandate is to review and analyze the relevant facts and issues 
concerning  financing-related  transactions  and  to  make  recommendations  to  enable  the  Board  to  determine 
whether any such transaction is in the best interests of the Corporation. 

The  Financing  Advisory  Committee  met  11  times  during  the  financial  year  ended  December  31, 
2012.    The  members  in  2012  were  Ian  A.  Bourne,  Douglas  P.  Hayhurst  and  Edwin  J.  Kilroy.  All  of  the 
members of the Financing Advisory Committee are independent of our management in accordance with the 
applicable Canadian and United States securities laws and exchange requirements.  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

This  section  of  this  Management  Proxy  Circular  contains  a  discussion  of  the  elements  of 
compensation  earned  by  our  "Named  Executive  Officers",  who  are  listed  in  the  Summary  Compensation 
Table below: John W. Sheridan (President and Chief Executive Officer), Tony Guglielmin (Vice President 
and Chief Financial Officer), Christopher J. Guzy (Vice President and Chief Technical Officer), Paul Cass 
(Vice President, Operations) and William Foulds1 (Vice President and President, Ballard Material Products). 

Objectives of Our Executive Compensation Program 

The  structure  of  our  executive  compensation  program  is  designed  to  compensate  and  reward 
executives appropriately for driving superior performance. For our Named Executive Officers, a significant 
portion of their total direct compensation is "at risk" and tied closely to the success of the Corporation’s short 
and  long-term  objectives.  "At  risk"  means  that  the  executive  will  not  realize  value  unless  specified  goals, 
many  of  which  are  directly  tied  to  the  Corporation’s  performance,  are  achieved  or  the  price  at  which  our 
common  shares  are  traded  on  the  TSX  or  NASDAQ  appreciates.    In  2012,  these  performance  goals,  and 
resulting  compensation  awards,  were  largely  focused  on  the  Corporation’s  key  business  drivers  including 
growing  revenue  and  building  the  long  term  order  book,  Adjusted  EBITDA(2)  performance,  cash  reserves, 
on-time product deliveries and the delivery of key strategic business enablers to position the Corporation for 
long term success.  This compensation philosophy puts a strong emphasis on pay for performance, and uses 
equity  awards  as  a  significant  component  in  order  to  correlate  the  long-term  growth  of  shareholder  value 
with management’s most significant compensation opportunities.  The strategic goals of the Corporation are 
reflected  in  the  incentive-based  executive  compensation  programs  so  that  executives’  interests  are  aligned 
with shareholders interests. 

(1)   Mr. Foulds retired from full-time employment with the Corporation effective July 16, 2012. 
(2)   For a discussion of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, please refer to Ballard’s Management’s Discussion & Analysis. 

25 

 
                                                      
Philosophy and Objectives 

Our philosophy and objectives regarding compensation are to: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

attract  and  retain  experienced,  qualified,  capable  executive  officers  by  paying 
salaries  which  are  competitive  in  the  markets  in  which  we  compete  for  executive 
talent; 

motivate  short  and  long-term  performance  by  directly  linking  annual  bonuses  to 
performance; and 

link our executive officers' interests with those of our shareholders by providing our 
executive  officers  with  equity-based  compensation,  requiring  them  to  comply  with 
minimum share ownership guidelines and build a sustained ownership position. 

Compensation Risk Considerations  

The HRCC and Board believe that relative to other market sectors (e.g. Financial) the risk associated with 
our  compensation  practices  is  low.   Given  the  increased  emphasis  being  placed  on  ensuring  that 
compensation  practices  do  not  encourage  behaviours  that  expose  the  corporation  to  greater  risk,  this  is  an 
area that the HRCC and Board continue to monitor regularly. 

The HRCC and Board currently consider the risks associated with the company’s compensation policies and 
practices are mitigated by: 

• 

evaluating the impact of each compensation component on management behaviour: 

o 

o 

o 

for base pay, there is no unusual risk-taking being encouraged;  

for long-term equity-based incentive programs, the potential risks are considered low, in part 
due to the mix of RSU and Option awards with time and/or performance based vesting 
terms, and overall generally consistent with other public company risks;  

for short term cash incentives, the potential risks are low since the plan uses multiple metrics 
in the Corporate Multiplier, both quantitative and qualitative (described below) and  has caps 
to the maximum earnings available under each component of the plan. 

• 

ensuring the committee and Board mandates reflect the correct accountabilities, oversight and 
controls on the company’s compensation policies and practices, especially as they relate to executive 
compensation; and  

•  working with management and/or external consultants to stress test each compensation component, 

to ensure boundary conditions are reasonable and do not produce unexpected or unintended financial 
windfalls. 

The  HRCC  and  Board  consider  that  these  mitigation  approaches  results  in  the  Corporation’s  risk  profile 
associated with its compensation practices being low. 

How Executive Compensation is Determined 

The HRCC, consisting of 4 independent directors, is charged, on behalf of our Board, with reviewing 
and approving executive officers’ benefit policies and compensation plans, including our annual bonus plan 
and  our  long-term  equity-based  compensation  plans.    As  part  of  its  mandate,  the  committee  approves  and 
recommends  to  the  Board  the  appointment  of  our  executive  officers.    The  committee  also  reviews  and 
approves  the  amount  and  form  of  their  compensation,  their  development  and  succession  plans,  and  any 
significant  organizational  or  management  changes.    The  committee  retains  independent  compensation 
consultants  for  professional  advice  and  as  a  source  of  competitive  market  information.    In  2012,  the 
committee continued to retain Towers Watson on an as-needed basis, to provide independent advice related 
to Ballard executive compensation items.  The committee also seeks the advice and recommendations of our 
President and Chief Executive Officer with respect to the compensation of our other executive officers.  The 

26 

 
President and Chief Executive Officer does not participate in the portions of the committee discussions that 
relate directly to his personal compensation. 

Executive Pay Mix and the Emphasis on "At Risk" Pay 

We place emphasis on performance by having a significant proportion of our executive officers’ total 
annual compensation linked to corporate and individual performance.  For 2012, an average of 50% of the 
annual  compensation  earned  by  each  of  our  Named  Executive  Officers  came  from  "at  risk",  variable, 
performance-related compensation containing inherent market performance risk, where annual compensation 
includes  base  salary,  annual  bonus  and  equity-based  long-term  incentives  (including  share  options  and 
RSUs). 

The Use of Benchmarking 

Our  overall  compensation  objective  is  to  pay  executives  on  average  at  the  50th  percentile  of  the 
comparator group for full achievement of performance goals.  Over-achievement or under-achievement will 
result in being over or under the average. 

In late 2011, the HRCC, working with Towers Watson, updated the comparator companies contained 
within the Corporation’s compensation comparator  group to reflect the Corporation’s current business  size 
and  market  focus.  A  revised  list  of  comparator  companies  was  reviewed  and  accepted  by  the  committee, 
which selected the group of comparators ensuring a suitable mix of Canadian and United States companies 
exhibiting a growth oriented mix of revenues, employee base, asset base, market capitalization and market 
focus.  This same comparator group was maintained in 2012. This comparator group comprises the primary 
source of compensation data for review of the Corporation’s market competitiveness. The committee reviews 
the composition of the comparator company list on an annual basis.   

The committee compares  each executive officer’s annual salary, target annual incentive bonus and 
long-term  incentive  compensation  value,  both  separately  and  in  the  aggregate,  to  amounts  paid  for  similar 
positions at comparator group companies. As noted above, the committee’s practice is to target annual total 
direct  compensation  for  each  executive  at  approximately  the  50th  percentile  among  the  comparator  group 
companies. 

The Corporation’s current comparator group (as approved by the HRCC in December 2011) is:  

Canadian Companies 

EXFO Inc 

Gennum Corporation 

Hydrogenics Corp. 

United States Companies 

AeroVironment Inc 

Allied Motion Technologies Inc 

American Superconductor Corporation 

Neo Material Technologies Inc 

Ener1 Inc 

New Flyer Industries Inc 

Sierra Wireless Inc 

Westport Innovations Inc 

Energy Conversion Devices Inc 

Fuel Cell Energy Inc 

GrafTech International Ltd 

Plug Power Inc 

Towers  Watson  have  been  retained  by  the  Committee  since  2008  to  provide  executive  compensation 
benchmarking and general executive compensation, equity plan and Board compensation advisory services. 
During 2012, Towers Watson provided ad-hoc consulting services for the committee, including a review of 
the Corporation’s retirement treatment of Equity awards. Towers Watson provided no additional services to 
management during this period. The total fees paid to Towers Watson during 2012 were $4,098. 

27 

 
 
 
 
Current Executive Compensation Elements 

Our compensation program for our executive officers has three primary components: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

annual salary; 

annual incentives (bonus); and 

equity-based long-term incentives comprised of awards that may be issued under our 
Option Plan, Share Distribution Plan or under the Market Purchase RSU Plan. 

Significant Compensation Program Changes Planned in 2013 

Consistent with overall changes to the corporate bonus plan, in 2013 the Executive bonus structure will be 
revised  to  introduce  a  new  ‘Stretch  Performance’  component  to  the  Corporate  multiplier.  This  ‘Stretch 
Performance’ component, representing 50% of the executive’s Corporate multiplier will be subject to over 
achievement  of the Corporation’s annual cashflow targets. The remaining 50% of the  Corporate  multiplier 
will be subject to quantitative and qualitative performance targets consistent with the formula used in prior 
years. 

In  addition,  in  2013  the  Corporation  intends  to  implement  a  further  reduction  in  LTI  award  value  to 
executives to more closely align with the Comparator group. 

Annual Salary 

The  HRCC  approves  the  annual  salary  of  our  executive  officers.    Salary  guidelines  and  salary 

adjustments for our executive officers are considered with reference to: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

comparative market assessments performed by external compensation consultants;  

the experience and qualifications of each executive officer; 

the individual performance of each executive officer; and 

the roles and responsibilities of each executive officer. 

The Corporation chooses to pay this element of compensation, because the Corporation’s view is that 
a  competitive  base  salary  is  a  necessary  element  for  attracting  and  retaining  qualified  and  experienced 
executive talent. 

The  Corporation’s  decisions  about  this  element  of  compensation  and  its  annual  level  impacts 
decisions about the level of target annual incentive an executive might receive, but only in the sense that the 
incentive bonus target is set as a percentage of annual salary. 

In 2012, there were no annual salary increases for the Named Executive Officers. 

Annual Bonus for Executive Officers 

The  HRCC  reviews  and  approves  the  annual  bonus  for  each  executive  officer  based  on  the 
recommendations of our President and Chief Executive Officer in accordance with the factors described in 
the foregoing section.   

The annual target bonus for executive officers (excluding the President and Chief Executive Officer) 
was set at 60% of base salary in 2012.  This was a reduction from the 70% level of 2011, consistent with the 
Towers Watson benchmarking study conducted in Fall 2011. This bonus target had been reduced in 2008 to 
70%  from  75%  in  2007  (this  reduction  followed  a  similar  reduction  in  the  target  bonus  level  of  5%  from 
2006 levels to better align annual incentive levels to market levels relative to the Corporation’s comparator 
group).  Each  executive  officer’s  actual  2012  bonus  was  based  on  a  combination  of  his  individual 
performance and our corporate performance relative to goals, as discussed below under the section entitled 
"Methodology for Determining Annual Incentives". 

28 

 
The  Corporation  maintains  an  annual  bonus  program  in  order  to  motivate  short  and  long-term 

performance by directly linking annual bonuses to the performance and progress of the Corporation. 

The  Corporation’s  decisions  about  this  element  of  compensation  do  not  directly  affect  decisions 

about any other element of the Corporation’s compensation program. 

For  a  full  discussion  of  annual  incentive  compensation  for  our  President  and  Chief  Executive 
Officer,  see  the  section  entitled  "Chief  Executive  Officer  Compensation".    The  section  below  entitled 
"Methodology  for  Determining  Annual  Incentives"  applies  equally  to  the  President  and  Chief  Executive 
Officer as it does to the other executives. 

Methodology for Determining Annual Incentives 

The actual annual bonus for each executive officer is determined by the HRCC on the basis of the 

following formula: 

annual base salary x target bonus percentage x individual performance multiplier x corporate multiplier 

The corporate multiplier is determined by the HRCC and approved by the Board with reference to 
achievement  against  the  corporate  goals  set  out  in  a  Corporate  Performance  Scorecard  approved  by  the 
HRCC  and  the  Board  prior  to  the  commencement  of  the  year.    Each  corporate  performance  goal  on  the 
scorecard is assigned a relative weighting in terms of importance to annual performance and growth of the 
Corporation,  as  well  as  a  range  of  targeted  outcomes,  such  that  below  a  certain  performance  level  the 
contribution  of  that  goal  to  the  overall  corporate  multiplier  is  zero.    For  2012,  the  Corporate  Performance 
Scorecard reflected a balance of Quantitative annual goals focussed on delivery of the 2012 operating plan 
(70% of the scorecard) and Qualitative goals focussed on key strategic outcomes during 2012 to position the 
Corporation for longer term success (30% of the scorecard). The Quantitative portion of the scorecard had 3 
financial elements (Revenue, Net Cash, and Adjusted EBITDA) and 2 operational elements (on-time product 
delivery  and  sales  order  book  for  2013).  The  Qualitative  portion  of  the  scorecard  had  3  elements 
(Demonstrating  growth  in  our  bus  business,  enabling  customers  to  be  successful  with  our  products  and  a 
comprehensive COGS reduction goal). 

While  significant  progress  was  made  on  a  number  of  these  scorecard  elements  positioning  the 
business  for  growth  and  success  in  2013,  with  over  achievement  in  on-time  product  delivery  goals, 
achievement of COGS reduction objectives, partial achievement of 2013 year-end Order Book target and the 
customer satisfaction measure, the key financial metrics were not met and the overall scorecard rating was 
low.  As  a  result  the  HRCC  and  Board  supported  the  Management’s  recommendation  that  the  corporate 
multiplier  should  be  zero  for  2012,  resulting  in  zero  annual  bonus  payout  for  all  participants  of  the  Plan 
(including the CEO and Named Executive Officers). 

A discussion of the annual base salary, target bonus percentage and corporate multiplier components 
of  this  annual  incentive  formula  for  each  executive  officer  is  set  out  above.    The  individual  performance 
multiplier  is  determined  with  reference  to  achievement  against  the  individual  goals  set  for  each  executive 
officer,  with  an  individual  performance  multiplier  greater  than  100%  being  awarded  for  superior 
performance against these goals, and an individual performance multiplier of less than 100% being awarded 
for substandard performance against these goals.  Individual goals are set for individual executive officers by 
the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  are  based  on  agreed-upon  objective/identifiable  measures  relative  to  their 
respective  functional  accountabilities,  which  are  aligned  to  the  corporate  performance  goals.  Our  named 
executive officers did not receive individual performance multipliers for 2012 due to the decision no to pay 
any annual bonus, however, a summary of their individual performance is as follows:  

Mr. Guglielmin met or exceeded his overall performance goals for his CFO role, related among other 
items to his strong leadership of internal fiscal management initiatives, and stewardship of key financial, IR 
and strategy projects. 

Mr.  Guzy  met  his  overall  performance  goals  largely  related  to  the  delivery  of  key  product 
development  programs,  including  cost  reduction  activities  and  delivery  of  new  technology  (e.g.  1MW 
Cleargen project to Toyota) as well as the growth of the Engineering Services business. 

29 

 
Mr.  Cass  met  his  performance  goals  for  operations  and  strong  delivered  the  corporate  COGS 

reduction program; however, his goal to grow the Bus market segment was not met.  

Long Term Incentives 

We provide our executive officers with equity-based long-term incentives through the Option Plan, 
Market  Purchase  RSU  Plan  and  the  SDP.    These  plans  are  designed  to  reinforce  the  connection  between 
executive officer remuneration and our performance by motivating and rewarding participants for improving 
our  long-term  financial  strength  and  enhancing  shareholder  value,  and  also  providing  retention  value  to 
executives.    With  respect  to  equity-based  long-term  compensation  awards  for  our  executive  officers, 
individual performance and future contribution expectations are taken into account in determining the award.  
In 2012, the President and Chief Executive Officer recommended to the HRCC a value amount in dollars for 
each  Named  Executive  Officer:  see  the  amounts  set  out  under  “Share-Based  Awards”  and  “Option-Based 
Awards” in our Summary Compensation Table. This value amount was reduced from prior years (to 90% of 
the  2011  award  value)  to  more  directly  reflect  the  positioning  relative  to  the  comparator  group.  The 
recommendation for this year reflected a higher percentage of RSU awards than prior years (approximately 
75% of the total value). This value amount was then converted to RSUs at the then current market price by 
dividing the dollar value by the closing share price on either the TSX or NASDAQ on the award date. The 
remaining approximately 25% of this value amount was converted to options by dividing the dollar value by 
the Black-Scholes value of a Ballard option on the award date.  These options were then priced at the closing 
share price on the day prior to the award date. 

This  element  of  compensation  and  the  Corporation’s  decisions  about  this  element  fit  into  the 
Corporation’s overall compensation objectives in that they link our shareholders’ interests with those of our 
executive officers by providing our executive officers with equity-based compensation, and requiring them to 
comply with minimum share ownership guidelines. 

The  Corporation’s  decisions  about  this  element  of  compensation  do  not  affect  decisions  about  any 

other element of the Corporation’s compensation. 

Share Options 

Share  options  are  granted  annually  in  respect  of  approximately  25-50%  of  the  long-term  incentive 
compensation to be provided to an executive.  As a result, previous grants of Share options are not generally 
taken into account when making new grants.  The actual number of Share options granted is determined by 
dividing the dollar value of the portion of the long-term incentive to be satisfied though an option grant by 
the Black-Scholes value of a Ballard option on the award date. 

Under our Option Plan: 

(a) 

(b) 

the  exercise  price  of  each  option  is  determined  by  the  Board,  but  must  not  be  less 
than  the  closing  price  per  Share  on  the  TSX  or  NASDAQ  on  the  last  trading  day 
before the date the option is granted; and 

each  option  may  be  exercised  by  the  holder  in  respect  of  up  to  one-third  of  the 
Shares subject to the option on or after the first, second and third anniversary of the 
effective date of the option on a cumulative basis. 

Share options are typically granted for a term of seven years. 

Restricted Share Units 

Employees  and  executive  officers  are  eligible  to  receive  new  RSU  awards  under  the  Market 
Purchase RSU Plan or SDP, which provide for vesting over periods of up to three years and awards may be 
subject to certain performance criteria, as determined by the Board upon the recommendation of the HRCC.  
Redemption of these RSUs is satisfied either with Shares bought under the Market Purchase RSU Plan or by 
treasury based shares reserved under the SDP.   

30 

 
The  amount  of  the  long-term  incentive  that  is  awarded  to  each  executive  officer  is  typically 
determined in the first quarter of each financial year, in conjunction with the determination of that executive 
officer’s annual bonus for the prior financial year.  Since the long-term incentive is tied to future (as opposed 
to  past)  corporate  performance,  in  our  summary  compensation  table  we  report  the  grant  of  the  long-term 
incentive  in  the  "Share-Based  Awards"  column  and  the  "Option-Based  Awards"  column  for  the  particular 
year in which they were actually granted.  The year-end values of unexercised or unvested Share options and 
RSUs, and the vesting during the year of Share options and RSUs are reported in the tables under the heading 
"Incentive Plan Awards". 

In 2012, the performance criteria for RSUs were amended to introduce a tiered approach to vesting 
based on the annual performance of the Corporation (as prescribed by the Corporate Performance Scorecard). 
The new approach  amends the minimum performance threshold before vesting commences to at least 50% 
Corporate  Scorecard  achievement,  but  maintains  an  achievement  threshold  (75%+  Corporate  Scorecard 
achievement) whereby the award fully vests, thereby introducing a partial vesting component of 50% (where 
the annual Corporate Scorecard achievement is between 50% and 75%). 

New Issuances 

On February 23, 2012, 783,411 RSUs were issued to the Named Executive Officers, including the 
President and Chief Executive Officer.  For all our executive officers who received an award on that date, the 
RSU awards included a performance criteria achievement goal of a minimum corporate multiplier of 50% in 
each  of  the  3  years  of  the  award,  with  50%  vesting  if  this  threshold  was  achieved  and  100%  vesting  if  a 
corporate multiplier achievement of greater than 75% is achieved. Failure to meet this minimum corporate 
performance threshold in any one year results in that year’s award portion expiring and not being redeemed 
(see  the  section  above  entitled  "Methodology  for  Determining  Annual  Incentives"  for  a  description  of  the 
determination  of  the  corporate  multiplier).    In  February  2013,  the  Board  determined,  after  setting  the 
corporate  multiplier  to  zero  for  the  purpose  of  determining  annual  bonus,  setting  a  zero  bonus  payout  and 
continuing a base salary freeze for executive officers, that sufficient progress and momentum was evident in 
the business throughout late 2012 and into 2013 to vest 50% of the first 1/3 of this award on a retention and 
performance incentive basis.  

Redemptions 

As the performance criteria related to 2011 Corporate Scorecard performance was not achieved, there was no 
redemption  of  RSUs  to  shares  for  the  Named  Executive  Officers,  including  the  President  and  Chief 
Executive Officer in February and March 2012, relating to annual awards granted in 2009, 2010 and 2011. 

On  August  15,  2012,  25,225  RSUs  reached  the  end  of  their  restriction  period  and  after  statutory 
withholdings, 14,201 RSUs were redeemed into Shares for Mr. Guglielmin. This award was the second 1/3 
of his new hire award, granted on June 14, 2010 and subject to time vesting only.  

Chief Executive Officer Compensation 

Mr.  Sheridan  was  appointed  President  and  CEO  by  the  Board  on  February  22,  2006.    When 
appointed, his base salary at that time was fixed at $530,000 Cdn per year.  The CEO base salary has been 
frozen  since  that  time,  other  than  a  10%  voluntary  temporary  reduction  during  the  2nd  half  of  2009.    In 
January  2010,  Mr.  Sheridan’s  base  salary  returned  to  its  original  level  of  $530,000  Cdn  per  year  and 
continued at that level throughout 2012. 

Mr.  Sheridan  is  entitled  to  receive  an  RRSP  contribution  (CDN$11,485  in  2012).    The  corporate 
RRSP program was changed in 2010 and this benefit was reduced by 50% relative to 2009. This benefit is 
now  subject  to  an  equivalent  matching  contribution  from  Mr.  Sheridan.    Mr.  Sheridan  is  also  entitled  to 
receive company paid insurance premiums (CDN$2,128 in 2012). 

Mr. Sheridan’s target bonus for 2012 was equal to 80% of his annual base salary, reduced from 90% 
in 2011.  This level of target bonus has been reduced from 100% in 2007. In 2012, Mr. Sheridan’s bonus for 
2012 was determined by the HRCC on the basis of corporate financial and operational performance reflected 

31 

 
in the Corporate Performance Scorecard rating, plus performance relative to the CEO’s individual goals for 
2012, as approved by the Board. 

The HRCC determined that while Mr. Sheridan generally met his individual goals (including those 
related to risk management, strategy and leadership development), the Committee accepted Mr. Sheridan’s 
recommendation for a zero bonus payment for 2012, given the low Corporate Performance Scorecard rating.  

On February 21, 2012, the Board approved the recommendation by the HRCC and Mr. Sheridan was 
granted a long-term incentive award, equivalent at the time of grant to a total value of CDN$900,000; with 
CDN$225,000  converted  to  options  in  respect  of  252,808  Shares  (at  an  exercise  price  of  CDN$1.69  per 
Share) and a RSU award of CDN$675,000 (399,408 RSUs at a price of CDN$1.69 per Share). These awards 
formed  Mr.  Sheridan’s  2012  long-term  incentive  package,  and  the  overall  value  and  equity  mix  was 
approved by the HRCC and the Board.  Consistent with other Named Executive Officers, the RSU award has 
performance  criteria  and  time  vesting  as  described  above  in  the  Restricted  Share  Units  –  New  Issuances 
section, and the share options were granted with a 7-year term, with one-third of the options vesting at the 
end of each of the first three years.  

The cash portion of Mr. Sheridan’s total compensation in 2012 was CDN$559,910 (for base salary, 
bonus  and  benefits).    The  non-cash  compensation  portion  related  to  the  theoretical  value  of  Options  and 
RSUs  at  grant  received  in  2012,  but  to  vest  in  later  years,  was  CDN$900,000.  The  total  value  of  Mr. 
Sheridan’s  nominal  compensation  in  2012,  the  sum  of  the  cash  and  non-cash  components,  was 
CDN$1,459,910.    However,  in  2012,  Mr.  Sheridan  actually  realized  $0  for  stock  options  given  the  share 
price and $0 for RSUs  given that the RSUs did not vest as the performance vesting requirement was not met. 
 As such, Mr. Sheridan’s total actual compensation realized in 2012 was $559,910 (vs. the theoretical value 
of $1,459,910). 

Termination and Change of Control Benefits 

For  a  description  of  the  termination  and  change  of  control  benefits  under  Ballard's  employee 
contracts and equity compensation plans for the President & CEO and other Named Executive Officers, see 
the section entitled "Termination and Change of Control Benefits" below. 

Perquisites 

In  addition  to  cash  and  equity  compensation,  the  Corporation  provides  Named  Executive  Officers 
with certain personal benefits, consistent with similar benefits coverage within the comparator group. These 
benefits  include  a  car  allowance,  medical  benefits  program,  long  and  short-term  disability  coverage,  life 
insurance, an annual medical and a financial planning allowance. 

Retirement Benefits 

In  2012,  each  Canadian  Named  Executive  Officer  received  an  RRSP  contribution  from  the 
Corporation, equal to 50% of the maximum amount allowable under the Income Tax Act (Canada), based on 
the  Named  Executive  Officer  making  an  equivalent  personal  matching  contribution.    In  2010,  the 
Corporation made changes to its overall RRSP program.  Starting on January 1, 2010, each executive was 
required  to  make  a  matching  contribution  to  receive  an  RRSP  benefit.    As  a  result  of  these  changes,  the 
maximum  benefit  each  executive  can  receive  is  up  to  50%  of  the  maximum  amount  allowable  under  the 
Income  Tax  Act  (Canada),  based  on  the  executive  making  an  equal  matching  contribution.    This  is  both  a 
reduction  of  50%  in  value  of  the  total  benefit  relative  to  the  program  prior  to  2010,  and  also  requires  a 
matching contribution from the executive. 

In the United States, Mr. Foulds participated in a similar 401k matching program.  Based on personal 
contributions  from  Mr.  Foulds,  the  Corporation  made  matching  contributions  up  to  a  value  of  10%  of  his 
base salary, subject to annual personal and catch-up contribution limits. These contributions stopped at the 
time of Mr. Foulds’ retirement in July 2012.  

32 

 
None  of  the  Named  Executive  Officers  currently  participates  in  a  Corporation-sponsored  Defined 
Benefits Plan, Defined Contribution Plan, or Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, nor do they receive 
contributions to any such plan on their behalf from the Corporation.  Mr. Foulds retained a frozen retirement 
benefit under a previously active Defined Benefits Plan. Upon his retirement in 2012 he commenced receipt 
of benefits from this plan.  

Total Executive Officer Compensation 

The  total  value  of  the  compensation  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  together  with  all  of  the  other 
Named  Executive  Officers  (as  defined  below  in  the  section  entitled  "Executive  Compensation")  was 
CDN$3,551,045. 

Minimum Share Ownership Guidelines  

We established executive officer minimum share ownership guidelines in 2003, which obligate each 
executive officer to own a minimum number of our Shares.  Those guidelines were modified by our Board in 
December 2007 to increase the minimum share ownership requirements for our executive officers. 

For current executive officers other than the President and Chief Executive Officer, a new minimum 
share ownership guideline(3) was established requiring the executive officers to acquire a number of Shares, 
equal to the lesser of: 

(a) 

(b) 

the number of Shares with a fair market value equal to the executive officer’s annual 
base salary; or 
35,300 Shares(4). 

In  2006,  the  policy  for  the  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  was  reviewed  and  the  equity 
ownership requirement for the President and Chief Executive Officer was increased such that the minimum 
share ownership guideline is equal to the lesser of: 

(c) 

the number of Shares that have a fair market value of three times the President and 
Chief Executive Officer’s base salary; or 

(d) 

181,903 Shares. 

For the purposes of this section, the "fair market value" is defined as the closing price of our Shares 
as listed on the TSX on the date of review of the guideline. All executive officers have met or are on track to 
achieve the applicable guidelines. 

Executives are not permitted to hedge the market value of the Company securities they hold. 

(3) 

For executive officers other than the President and Chief Executive Officer who were employed as at December 2007, the time for acquiring the 
new minimum share ownership level has been extended by three years for a total of eight years.  For executive officers hired after December, 
2007,  the  minimum  number  of  Shares  must  be  acquired  over  a  five-year  period.  For  the  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer,  the  share 
acquisition period is five years from the date of hire. 

(4)   For executives hired after December 2007 the minimum value is determined by the number of Shares equal to one times the executive’s base 

salary divided by the closing share price of the Corporation’s Shares on the TSX on the trading day of the date of hire. 

33 

 
                                                      
PERFORMANCE GRAPH 

The following graph compares the total cumulative return to a shareholder who invested $100 in our 
Shares on December 31, 2007, assuming reinvestment of dividends, with the total cumulative return of $100 
on the NASDAQ Composite Index for the last five years.  

2007 (Dec 31) 
($) 

2008 (Dec 31)
($) 

2009 (Dec 31)
($) 

2010 (Dec 31)
($) 

2011 (Dec 31) 
($) 

2012 (Dec 31)
($) 

100 

100 

21 

59 

36 

86 

29 

100 

21 

98 

12 

114 

Ballard 

NASDAQ 
Composite 
Index 

Cumulative Value of a $100 Investement

$120

$100

$80

$60

$40

$20

$0

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

NASDAQ Composite

Ballard (BLDP)

The  trend  shown  by  this  graph  does  not  reflect  the  trend  in  the  Corporation’s  compensation  to  its 

Named Executive Officers. 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION TABLES 

The following table summarizes the compensation paid for the fiscal years ended on December 31, 

2010, December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2012 to our Named Executive Officers.  

34 

 
 
 
Name and Principal 
Position 

John W. Sheridan(1) 
President and Chief Executive 
Officer  

Tony Guglielmin  
Vice President and Chief 
Financial Officer 

Paul Cass 

Vice President Operations 

William Foulds(2) 
Vice President and President, 
Ballard Material Products 

Christopher J. Guzy 
Chief Technical Officer 

Year 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

Salary(3) 
(CDN$) 
530,000 

530,000 

530,000 
310,000 

310,000 

169,863 
265,000 

258,671 

226,384 
141,576 

257,352 

224,329 
310,000 

310,000 

310,000 

Summary Compensation Table 

Long-Tern Incentives 

Share-Based 
Awards(5) 
(CDN$) 

Option-Based 
Awards(6) 
(CDN$) 

675,000 

500,000 

250,000 

162,000 

120,000 

140,000 

162,000 

120,000 

120,000 

161,174 

119,388 

119,388 

162,000 

120,000 

120,000 

225,000 

400,000 

250,000 

54,000 

120,000 

176,750 

54,000 

120,000 

120,000 

53,724 

119,388 

119,388 

54,000 

120,000 

120,000 

All Other 
Compensation(7) 
(CDN$) 
29,910 

Total 
Compensation
(CDN$) 
1,459,910 

31,218 

36,669 
29,596 

28,627 

15,194 
28,318 

32,117 

31,311 
100,593 

52,425 

50,978 
43,154 

44,042 

49,499 

1,841,218 

1,603,294 
555,596 

746,802 

598,706 
509,318 

682,108 

682,915 
457,067 

715,408 

766,581 
569,154 

728,582 

794,799 

Bonus(4) 
(CDN$) 
0 

380,000 

536,625 
0 

168,175 

96,899 
0 

151,320 

185,220 
0 

166,855 

252,498 
0 

134,540 

195,300 

Michael Goldstein departed the Corporation effective March 15, 2012. In 2012 he received total compensation of  CDN$562,191 (USD$565,073) reflective of payment for time worked, 

and residual notice obligations. 

(1)        Mr. Sheridan is also a director, but receives no compensation for his service as a director.  

(2) 

Bill  Foulds  retired  from  the  Corporation  effective  July  16,  2012.    Mr.  Foulds’  compensation  was  paid  in  United  States  dollars.    The  United 
States dollar amounts were converted into Canadian dollars for the purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange 
on December 31, 2012. 

 (3)  Salary of each of the Named Executive Officers was paid in Canadian dollars with the exception of Mr. Foulds, who was paid in United States 
dollars (US$142,301, US$258,671, and US$225,479 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively).  The United States dollar amounts for 2012 were 
US$532,717, US$311,589, US$266,358, and US$311,589 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, and Guzy, respectively.  The United States 
dollar  amounts  for  2011  were  US$532,717,  US$311,589,  US$259,997  and  US$311,589  for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy, 
respectively.  The United States dollar amounts for 2010 were US$532,717, US$170,734, US$227,544, and US$311,589 for Messrs. Sheridan, 
Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy,  respectively.  The  Canadian  dollar  amounts  were  converted  into  United  States  dollars  for  the  purpose  of  this 
disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

(4) 

The bonus of each of the Named Executive Officers was paid in Canadian dollars with the exception of Mr. Foulds, who was paid in United 
States dollars (US$0, US$167,710, and US$253,792 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively).  The United States dollar amounts for 2012 were 
US$0, US$0, US$0, and US$0 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, and Guzy, respectively.  The United States dollar amounts for 2011 were 
US$381,948, US$169,037, US$152,096, and US$135,230 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, and Guzy, respectively.  The United States 
dollar  amounts  for  2010  were  US$539,376,  US$97,396,  US$186,170,  and  US$196,302,  for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy, 
respectively.    The  Canadian  dollar  amounts  were  converted  into  United  States  dollars  for  the  purpose  of  this  disclosure  using  the  Bank  of 
Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

(5)  Represents  the  total  fair  market  value  of  RSUs  issued  to  each  Named  Executive  Officer  during  the  2010,  2011and  2012  fiscal  years.    This 
amount is based on the grant date fair market value of the award, which equals the closing price of the Shares on the TSX and NASDAQ on the 
date  of  issuance  of  the  award.    Fair  value  is  determined  in  accordance  with  IFRS  2  of  the  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards 
(accounting fair value) is recorded as compensation expense in the statement of operations over vesting periods of one to three years.  There is 
no difference in Canadian dollars between the grant date fair market value of the award and the accounting fair value. 

As  noted  above,  a  dollar  value  is  approved  for  the  long  term  incentive  awarded  to  each  executive  and  approximately  75%  of  this  amount  is 
awarded in the form of RSUs with the remaining 25% being awarded in the form of Share options in 2012.  In 2011, 50% of this amount was 
awarded in the form of RSUs with the remaining 50% being awarded in the form of Share options.  In 2010, 50% of this amount was awarded in 
the form of RSUs with the remaining 50% being awarded in the form of Share options.  The number of RSUs awarded is equal to the dollar 
amount of the award divided by the fair market value of the Shares at the time of issuance (based on the closing price of the Shares on the TSX 
and  NASDAQ  on  the  date  of  issuance).    The  number  of  RSUs  issued  to  each  Named  Executive  Officer  in  respect  of  the  fiscal  years  ended 
December 31, 2010, December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2012 is as follows:  

35 

 
 
Share-Based Awards 

Named Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

William Foulds(A) 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Year 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

RSUs  
(#) 

399,408 

238,095 

104,167 

95,858 

57,143 

75,676 

95,858 

57,143 

50,000 

96,429 

55,046 

50,420 

95,858 

57,143 

50,000 

Fair Market Value 
of a Share 
(CDN$)(A) 

Total 
(CDN$)(B) 

1.69 

2.10 

2.40 

1.69 

2.10 

1.85 

1.69 

2.10 

2.40 

1.67 

2.17 

2.37 

1.69 

2.10 

2.40 

675,000 

500,000 

250,000 

162,000 

120,000 

140,000 

162,000 

120,000 

120,000 

161,174 

119,388 

119,388 

162,000 

120,000 

120,000 

(A)  The fair market value of a Share has been calculated using the Canadian dollar closing price of the Shares underlying the RSUs 
on the TSX on the date of issuance with the exception of RSUs issued to Mr. Foulds, which have been calculated using the 
United  States  dollar  closing  price  of  the  Shares  underlying  the  RSUs  on  the  NASDAQ  on  the  date  of  issuance  (US$1.68, 
US$2.18, and US$2.38 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively).  The total value of share-based awards issued to Mr. Foulds in 
United  States  dollars  were  US$162,000,  US$120,000,  and  US$120,000  for  2012,  2011,  and  2010,  respectively.    The  United 
States dollar amounts were converted to Canadian dollars for the purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate 
of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

(B)  The  United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2012  were  US$678,460,  US$162,830,  US$162,830,  and  US$162,830  for  Messrs. 
Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy,  respectively.    The  United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2011  were  US$502,563, 
US$120,615,  US$120,615,  and  US$120,615  for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy,  respectively.    The  United 
States  dollar  amounts  for  2010  were  US$251,282,  US$140,718,  US$120,615,  and  US$120,615  for  Messrs.  Sheridan, 
Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy,  respectively.    The  Canadian  dollar  amounts  were  converted  into  United  States  dollars  for  the 
purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

(6)  Represents the total of the fair market value of options to purchase our Shares issued under the Option Plan granted to each Named Executive 
Officer  during  each  fiscal  year.    This  amount  is  based  on  the  grant  date  fair  market  value  of  the  award  determined  using  the  Black-Scholes 
valuation model using the following key assumptions: expected life of 5 years, expected volatility of 62% and risk free interest rate of 2% for 
2012;  expected  life  of  5  years,  expected  volatility  of  64%  and  risk  free  interest  rate  of  3%  for  2011;  and  expected  life  of  5  years,  expected 
volatility  of  65%  and  risk  free  interest  rate  of  3%  for  2010.    Accounting  fair  value  is  recorded  as  compensation  expense  in  the  statement  of 
operations over the vesting period.  There is no difference in Canadian dollars between the grant date fair market value of the award determined 
using  the  Black-Scholes  valuation  model  and  accounting  fair  value  determined  in  accordance  with  IFRS  2  of  the  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards (accounting fair value).   

As  noted  above,  a  dollar  value  is  approved  for  the  long  term  incentive  awarded  to  each  executive  and  approximately  75%  of  this  amount  is 
awarded in the form of RSUs with the remaining 25% being awarded in the form of Share options. In 2011, 50% of this amount was awarded in 
the form of RSUs with the remaining 50% being awarded in the form of Share options.  In 2010, 50% of this amount was awarded in the form of 
RSUs with the remaining 50% being awarded in the form of Share options.  The number of Share options awarded is equal to the dollar amount 
of the award divided by the fair market value of the Shares at the time of issuance (based on the closing trading price of the Shares on the TSX 
on  the  day  prior  to  issuance).    The  number  of  Share  options  issued  to  each  Named  Executive  Officer  in  respect  of  the  fiscal  years  ended 
December 31, 2010, December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2012 is as follows:   

Named Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Year 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

Option-Based Awards 

Shares Under  
Options 
(#) 

Black-Scholes Value of Shares 
Underlying Options on Date of 
Grant  
(CDN$/Share)(A) 

Fair Market Value 
(CDN$))(B) 

252,808 

344,827 

185,185 

60,674 

0.89 

1.16 

1.35 

0.89 

36 

225,000 

400,000 

250,000 

54,000 

 
 
 
 
 
Paul Cass 

William Foulds(A) 

Christopher J. Guzy 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

103,448 

175,000 

60,674 

103,448 

88,888 

60,674 

100,000 

93,750 

60,674 

103,448 

88,888 

1.16 

1.01 

0.89 

1.16 

1.35 

0.89 

1.19 

1.27 

0.89 

1.16 

1.35 

120,000 

176,750 

54,000 

120,000 

120,000 

53,724 

119,388 

119,388 

54,000 

120,000 

120,000 

(A)  The fair market value of a Share has been calculated based on the Black-Scholes valuation model using the Canadian dollar closing 
price of the Shares underlying the options on the TSX on the date of issuance, with the exception of options issued to Mr. Foulds, 
which have been calculated using the United States dollar closing price of the Shares underlying the options on the NASDAQ on the 
date  of  issuance.    The  United  States  dollar  amount  of  the  Black-Scholes  value  of  a  Share  issued  to  Mr.  Foulds’  were  US$0.89, 
US$1.20,  and  US$1.28  for  2012,  2011,  and  2010,  respectively,  and  the  total  option-based  awards  issued  to  Mr.  Foulds  were 
US$54,000, US$120,000, and US$120,000 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.  The United States dollar amounts were converted 
into Canadian dollars for the purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

(B)  The  United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2012  were  US$225,000,  US$54,000,  US$54,000,  and  US$54,000  for  Messrs.  Sheridan, 
Guglielmin, Cass, and Guzy, respectively.  The United States dollar amounts for 2011 were US$402,050, US$120,615, US$120,615 
and US$120,615 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, and Guzy, respectively.  The United States dollar amounts for 2010 were 
US$251,281,  US$177,656,  US$120,615,  and  US$120,615  for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy,  respectively.    The 
Canadian dollar amounts were converted into United States dollars for the purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon 
rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

(7)  All  Other  Compensation  was  paid  in  Canadian  dollars  with  the  exception  of  Other  Compensation  for  Mr.  Foulds,  which  was  paid  in  United 
States dollars (US$101,109, US$52,694, and US$51,239 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively).  The United States dollar amounts for 2012 
were US$30,064, US$29,747, US$28,463, and US$43,375 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, and Guzy, respectively.  The United States 
dollar  amounts  for  2011  were  US$31,378,  US$28,774,  US$32,282  and  US$44,268  for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy, 
respectively.    The  United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2010  were  US$36,857,  US$15,272,  US$31,472,  and  US$49,753  for  Messrs.  Sheridan, 
Guglielmin, Cass, and Guzy, respectively.  The Canadian dollar amounts were converted into United States dollars for the purpose of the table 
above using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

The value of the items included in this amount was based on the aggregate incremental cash cost to the Corporation.  All Other Compensation, 
including  the  type  and  amount  of  each  perquisite,  the  value  of  which  exceeds  25%  of  the  total  value  of  perquisites  reported  for  a  Named 
Executive Officer, includes: 

Named Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

William Foulds(A) 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Year 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2012 

2011 

2010 

All Other Compensation 

Retirement Benefits 
(RRSP / 401k / 
Defined Benefits) 
(CDN$) 
11,485 
11,225 

Insurance Premiums 
(CDN$) 
2,128 
2,021 

11,000 
11,485 
11,225 

6,042 
11,485 
11,225 
11,000 
14,703 
21,888 

21,888 
11,485 
11,225 

11,000 

1,816 
1,041 
967 

460 
1,041 
964 
839 
575 
843 

1,146 
1,041 
967 

888 

Other(B) 
(CDN$) 
16,297 
17,972 

23,853 
17,070 
16,435 

8,692 
15,792 
19,928 
19,472 
85,315 
29,694 

27,944 
30,628 
31,850 

37,611 

Total 
(CDN$) 
29,910 
31,218 

36,669 
29,596 
28,627 

15,194 
28,318 
32,117 
31,311 
100,593 
52,425 

50,978 
43,154 
44,042 

49,499 

(A) 

The  amounts  in  this  table  were  paid  in  Canadian  dollars  with  the  exception  of  Mr.  Foulds,  who  was  paid  in  United  States 
dollars, which were converted into Canadian dollars for the purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of 
exchange on December 31, 2012. The retirement benefits paid for Mr. Foulds were US$14,779, US$22,000, and US$22,000 
for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.  No defined benefit pension plan benefits were earned in 2012, 2011 and 2010 as the 
plan was frozen on December 31, 2009. 

The insurance premiums for Mr. Foulds were US$578, US$848, and US$1,152 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.  The 
“other”  compensation  paid  for  Mr.  Foulds  were  US$85,753,  US$29,846,  and  US$28,087  for  2012,  2011,  and  2010, 
respectively.  Included in “other” compensation paid for Mr. Foulds are consulting fees of US$31,002 paid after his retirement 
in July 2012. 

37 

 
(B) 

Includes  automobile  allowances,  temporary  living  and  travel  allowances,  financial  planning  services  and  medical  and  health 
benefits.  

INCENTIVE PLAN AWARDS 

The  following  table  sets  forth  all  option-based  and  share-based  awards  granted  to  our  Named  Executive 
Officers that are outstanding as of December 31, 2012.  

Outstanding Share-Based Awards and Option-Based Awards 

(as of December 31, 2012) 

Option-Based Awards 

Share-Based Awards 

Named  Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

William Foulds 

Christopher J. 
Guzy 

Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Unexercised 
Options  
(#) 

123,762  
177,295  
185,185(4) 
344,827(5) 
252,808(6) 

175,000(7) 
103,448(8) 
60,674(6) 

14,000  
50,000 
88,888(9) 
103,448(8) 
60,674(6) 

16,169 
28,469 
20,000 
25,000 
76,500 
93,750(10) 
100,000(11) 
60,6746) 

42,553 
85,101 
88,888(9) 
103,448(8) 
60,6746) 

Option 
Exercise 
Price(1) 
(CDN$) 

4.17 
1.34 
2.40 
2.10 
1.69 

1.80 
2.10 
1.69 

5.08 
1.34 
2.40 
2.10       
1.69 

6.62 
4.97 
6.17 
6.07 
1.00 
2.37 
2.17 
1.67 

5.08 
1.34 
2.40 
2.10 
1.69 

Option 
Expiration 
Date 

May 13, 2015 
Mar. 5, 2016 
Mar. 12, 2017 
Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 

Jun. 14, 2017 
 Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 

Feb 22, 2015 
Mar. 5, 2016 
Mar. 12, 2017 
Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 

Feb. 23, 2014 
Feb. 22, 2015 
Mar. 2, 2015 
Feb. 24, 2016 
Mar. 5, 2016 
Mar. 12, 2017 
Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 

Feb. 22, 2015 
Mar. 5, 2016 
Mar. 12, 2017 
Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 

Value of 
Unexercised 
In-The-
Money 
Options(2) 
(CDN$) 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

Number of RSUs 
That Have Not 
Vested 
(#) 

Market or Payout 
Value of RSUs That 
Have Not Vested(3) 
(CDN$) 

592,861 

361,645 

159,180 

97,100 

150,620 

91,878 

149,934 

91,142 

150,620 

91,878 

(1)  All figures are in Canadian dollars.  Where options are exercisable in United States dollars, the exercise price has been converted to Canadian  

dollars using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

(2) 

(3) 

This amount is based on the difference between the closing price of the Shares underlying the options on the TSX and NASDAQ as at December 
31, 2012, and the exercise price of the option.  For options with an exercise price in United States dollars, the price was converted to Canadian 
dollars using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012.  Where the difference is a negative number, the value is deemed 
to be 0.   

This amount is calculated by multiplying the number of RSUs that have not vested by the closing price of the Shares underlying the RSUs on the 
TSX  as  at  December  31,  2012,  with  the  exception  of  Mr.  Foulds,  whose  unvested  RSUs  were  multiplied  by  the  closing  price  of  the  Shares 
underlying the RSUs on the NASDAQ as at December 31, 2012 and then converted to Canadian dollars for the purpose of this disclosure using 
the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012.  The United States dollar amount was US$91,609 for Mr. Foulds.   

Such amounts may not represent the actual value of the RSUs which ultimately vest, as the value of the Shares underlying the RSUs may be of 
greater  or  lesser  value  and/or  the  exchange  rate  may  be  higher  or  lower  on  vesting.    However,  given  that  it would  be not  be feasible  for  the 
Corporation to estimate, with any certainty, the market value of its Shares or the exchange rate on vesting, the Corporation has used the market 
value and exchange rate at the end of the most recently completed financial year for the purpose of calculating the amount disclosed. 

(4)  Comprising 123,456 vested and 61,729 unvested options. 

(5)  Comprising 114,942 vested and 229,885 unvested options. 

38 

 
 
 
(6)  Unvested options. 

(7) 

Comprising 116,666 vested and 58,334 unvested options. 

(8)  Comprising 34,482 vested and 68,966 unvested options. 

(9)  Comprising 59,258 vested and 29,630 unvested options. 

(10)  Comprising 62,500 vested and 31,250 unvested options. 

(11)  Comprising 33,333 vested and 66,667 unvested options. 

The following table sets forth the value of the incentive plan awards vested or earned during the year 

ended December 31, 2012 by our Named Executive Officers.  

Incentive Plan Awards – Value Vested or Earned During the Year 

(2012) 

Named Executive Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

William Foulds 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Option-Based Awards – 
Value Vested During the 
Year(1) 
(CDN$) 

Share-Based Awards – Value 
Vested During the Year(2) 
(CDN$) 

Non-equity incentive plan 
compensation – Value earned 
during the year 
(CDN$) 

1,773 

0 

500 

9,460 

851 

0 

25,982 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

(1) 

(2) 

This value was determined by calculating the difference between the market price of the underlying Shares on the TSX on the vesting date and 
the exercise price of the options on the vesting date, with the exception of Mr. Foulds’ vested options, which were determined by calculating the 
difference between the market price of the underlying Shares on the NASDAQ on the vesting date and the exercise price of the options on the 
vesting date, which were then converted to Canadian dollars for the purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange 
on December 31, 2012. Where the difference is a negative number the value is deemed to be 0.  The United States dollar amount was US$9,508 
for Mr. Foulds. 

This value was determined by calculating the dollar value realized by multiplying the number of Shares by the market value of the underlying 
Shares on the TSX on the vesting date, with the exception of Mr. Foulds’ vested RSUs, which were determined by multiplying the number of 
Shares by the market value of the underlying Shares on the NASDAQ on the vesting date, which were then converted to Canadian dollars for the 
purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

The number of options vesting to Named Executive Officers under the Option Plan during the most recently 
completed financial year is 593,590.  
As noted in the Outstanding Share-Based Awards and Option-Based Awards table, as at December 31, 2012, 
there were 1,203,215 RSUs awarded to Named Executive Officers that were still unvested.  The performance 
criteria for each of these RSUs will be determined by the Board at the appropriate time, and they are set to 
vest (subject to the terms of the Consolidated Share Distribution Plan or Market Purchase RSU Plan) as 
follows:  

Named Executive Officer 

Number of RSUs That Have Not Vested 

Vesting Date 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

133,136 
79,365 
34,723 
133,136 
 79,365 
133,136 

31,953 
19,048 
25,226 
31,953 
19,048 
31,952 

31,953 
19,048 
16,666 
31,953 
 19,048 

39 

February 23, 2013 
March 8, 2013 
March 10, 2013 
February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 

February 23, 2013 
March 8, 2013 
June 14, 2013 
February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 

February 23, 2013 
March 8, 2013 
March 10, 2013 
February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 

 
Named Executive Officer 

Number of RSUs That Have Not Vested 

William Foulds 

Christopher J. Guzy 

31,952 

32,143 
18,349 
16,807 
32,143 
18,349 
32,143 

31,953 
19,048 
16,666 
31,953 
19,048 
31,952 

Vesting Date 

February 22, 2015 

February 23, 2013 
March 8, 2013 
March 10, 2013 
February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 

February 23, 2013 
March 8, 2013 
March 10, 2013 
February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 

PENSION PLAN BENEFITS 

None of the Named Executive Officers participate in a Corporation-sponsored Defined Benefits Plan 
or  Defined  Contribution  Plan,  nor  do  they  receive  contributions  to  any  such  plan  on  their  behalf  from  the 
Corporation.  Mr. Foulds retains a frozen retirement benefit under a previously active Defined Benefits Plan. 
Upon his retirement Mr. Foulds commenced collecting a benefit from this plan.  

TERMINATION AND CHANGE OF CONTROL BENEFITS  

Employment Contracts 

Ballard  employs  a  standard-form  executive  employment  agreement  which  all  of  our  Named 
Executive Officers have executed.  These agreements have indefinite terms, provide for payments to be made 
on termination and otherwise include standard industry terms and conditions, including intellectual property, 
confidentiality, and non-competition and non-solicitation provisions in favour of Ballard. 
The annual salary paid(5) to each of our Named Executive Officers under their employment agreements for 
2012 was as follows: Mr. Sheridan received C$530,000, Mr. Guglielmin received C$310,000, Dr. Guzy 
received C$310,000, Mr. Cass received C$265,000 and Mr. Foulds received C$141,576. Upon his 
retirement, Mr Foulds stopped receipt of his executive salary, but did receive an additional C$30,844 in fees 
related to a limited consulting agreement for the 2nd half of the year, which is included in “All Other 
Compensation” in the Summary Compensation Table. 

Pursuant  to  these  employment  agreements,  we  can  terminate  a  Named  Executive  Officer’s 
employment immediately, without any required period of notice or payment in lieu thereof, for just cause, 
upon the death of the executive, or if the executive does not renew any required work permits.  In every other 
circumstance, other than one following a change of control, we are required to provide notice of 12 months 
plus one month for every year of employment completed with us, to a maximum of 24 months, or payment in 
lieu  of  such  notice,  consisting  of  the  salary,  bonus  and  other  benefits  that  would  have  been  earned  during 
such notice period. 

All  of  the  employment  contracts  for  the  Named  Executive  Officers  include  a  "double-trigger"  in 
relation  to  a  change  of  control  –  if  the  executive’s  employment  is  terminated  (including  a  constructive 
dismissal)  within  2  years  following  the  date  of  a  change  of  control,  the  executive  is  entitled  to  a  payment 
equivalent to payment in lieu of a 24 month notice period.  For these purposes, a "change of control" under 
the employment agreements is defined as occurring when: 

(a) 

a person or persons acting in concert acquires at least one-half of Ballard’s shares; 

(5) 

All figures are in Canadian dollars.  However, Mr. Foulds is compensated in US dollars and for the purpose of this disclosure 
his amounts were converted into Canadian dollars using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 
40 

 
 
                                                      
(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

the  persons  who  comprise  the  Board  of  Ballard  do  not  consist  of  a  majority  of 
persons who were previously directors of Ballard, or who were recommended to the 
shareholders for election to the Board by a majority of the Directors; 

there  is  a  disposition  of  all  or  substantially  all  of  Ballard’s  assets  to  an  entity  in 
which Ballard does not have a majority interest; or 

Ballard  is  involved  in  any  business  combination  that  results  in  Ballard’s 
shareholders owning less than one-half of the voting shares of the combined entity. 

In addition, the CEO’s employment agreement includes an additional element in a Change of 
Control situation, whereby the 2nd trigger can be initiated should he no longer be included on 
the slate of directors in the annual Management Proxy Circular. 

Equity-Based Compensation Plans 

The Option Plan provides that, if a participant ceases to be an employee of Ballard or its subsidiaries 
(other than by reason of death/disability or being retired), he or she will have up to 90 days, in the event of 
termination other than for just cause, or 30 days, in the event of voluntary resignation, in which to exercise 
his or her vested options (in each case subject to extension if the option would otherwise expire during, or 
within 9 business days after the end of, a blackout period).  In the event of termination other than for just 
cause, the CEO has the discretion to extend the exercise period to up to one year after the optionee ceases to 
work for Ballard and to accelerate the vesting of unvested options that would have otherwise vested during 
that period in the next year (in effect, enabling the continuance of the options during a notice period). 

All Ballard RSUs awarded under either the SDP or the Market Purchase RSU Plan expire on the last 
day  on  which  the  participant  works  for  Ballard  or  any  of  its  subsidiaries  (other  than  by  reason  of 
death/disability or being retired).  

DSUs will be redeemed for Shares under the SDP by no later than December 31 of the first calendar 
year commencing after the holder’s employment with Ballard and its subsidiaries is terminated, except in the 
case of US holders, whose DSUs will be redeemed for Shares approximately 6 months after termination of 
employment. 

The Option Plan provides for the acceleration of vesting of options upon a change of control, which 

is defined as: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

a person making a take-over bid that could result in that person or persons acting in 
concert acquiring at least two-thirds of Ballard’s shares and in respect of which the 
Board approves the acceleration of options; 

any  person  or  persons  acting  in  concert  acquiring  at  least  two-thirds  of  the 
outstanding Shares; 

there  is  a  disposition  of  all  or  substantially  all  of  Ballard’s  assets  to  an  entity  in 
which Ballard does not have a majority interest; 

Ballard  joins  in  any  business  combination  that  results  in  Ballard’s  shareholders 
owning one-third or less of the voting shares of the combined entity and Ballard is 
privatized  (or  the  parties  to  the  business  combination  have  publicly  expressed  an 
intention to privatize Ballard); or 

(e) 

any other transaction, a consequence of which is to privatize Ballard is approved by 
Ballard security holders or, if such approval is not required, is approved by Ballard. 

If an accelerated vesting event occurs, any outstanding option may be exercised at any time before the 60th 
day after such event. 

Under the SDP and the Market Purchase RSU Plan, the occurrence of any of the accelerated vesting 
events described above triggers (subject to Board approval in the case of a take-over bid) the termination of 

41 

 
the  restriction  period  applicable  to  RSUs  such  that  holders  will  become  immediately  entitled  to  receive 
Shares  in  respect  of  their  RSUs  (subject  to  satisfaction  of  any  performance  criteria  or  other  conditions 
specified in the award). 

The following table shows, for each Named Executive Officer, the amount such person would have 
been entitled to receive on the termination of his employment, without just cause, on December 31, 2012, the 
amount such person would have been entitled to if a change of control occurred on December 31, 2012 and 
the amount such person would have been entitled to receive on the termination of his employment, without 
just cause, on December 31, 2012 if that termination occurred following a change in control.  

Named Executive Officer 

Termination of Employment (2)
(CDN$)(1) 

Change of Control (3) 
(CDN$)(1) 

Termination of Employment 
following Change of Control 
(CDN$)(1) 

Triggering Event 

John W. Sheridan 

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting 

Total 

Tony Guglielmin 

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting 

Total 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting 

Total 

Paul Cass 

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting 

Total 

$1,431,000 

$68,840 

$0 

$1,499,840 

$578,667 

$50,519 

$0 

$629,186 

$785,333 

$91,769 

$0 

$877,102 

$494,667 

$91,125 

$0 

$585,792 

$0 

$0 

$361,645 

$361,645 

$0 

$0 

$97,098 

$97,098 

$0 

$0 

$91,878 

$91,878 

$0 

$0 

$91,878 

$91,878 

$1,908,000 

$116,786 

$0 

$2,024,786 

$992,000 

$111,604 

$0 

$1,103,604 

$992,000 

$142,434 

$0 

$1,134,434 

$848,000 

$181,214 

$0 

$1,029,214 

(1)  All values are in Canadian dollars. 

(2)  Based on accrued service to December 31, 2012.  

(3)  All options and RSUs vest immediately upon a change of control.  Value shown equals, in the case of RSUs, the price of the underlying Shares 

on December 31, 2012 multiplied by the number of RSUs,. There is no value attributable to options. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION 

Our Corporate Governance Committee has the responsibility for determining compensation for our 
Directors.    The  committee  has  determined  that  the  principal  method  of  compensating  Directors  should  be 
through an annual retainer and meeting fees.  Directors have not been issued any stock options in the last 5 
years, and there is no current intention to do so in the future. 

The  objective  of  the  committee  is  to  ensure  that  the  annual  retainer  and  meeting  fees  paid  to 
Directors is commensurate with the high quality of candidates Ballard has enjoyed in the past and expects in 
the future.  As a result, the committee seeks to provide compensation for directors at approximately the 50% 
mark  for  the  comparator  group  of  North  American  companies.    The  committee  retains  independent 
compensation  consultants  for  professional  advice  and  as  a  source  of  competitive  market  information.  In 
2011,  the  committee  retained  Towers  Watson  to  provide  independent  compensation  analysis  and  advice 
related to director compensation.  Based on Towers Watson’s report in December 2011, which utilized the 
same comparator group of companies as those used for the Executive Compensation benchmarking study, the 
compensation  provided  to  directors  is  slightly  lower  than  the  50%  mark.    In  2009,  in  support  of  the 
Corporation's  cost  reduction  initiatives,  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Committee,  the  Board  decided  to 
reduce  the  retainer  fees  for  both  the  Chair  and  other  Board  members.    The  Board  Chair  also  voluntarily 
decided  to  forego  meeting  fees  for  Board  meetings,  effectively  making  his  annual  retainer  an  'all-in'  fee. 
Effective  June  1,  2012,  based  on  the  Towers  Watson  report  the  Board  raised  its  retainer  fees  to  better 
approximate the median of the market comparators, raising the annual Board chair retainer from $138,000 to 
$140,000; the annual Board retainers for other directors from $40,000 to $65,000; and annual retainers for 
Committee Chairs will be normalised at $10,000.  At the same time, the use of DSUs as partial compensation 
for Board and committee retainers was reinstituted.  

The Board sets annual focus priorities and reviews its performance against those priorities. 
In 2012, compensation was earned by the directors as follows(1):  

Name 

Ian A. Bourne 

Douglas P. Hayhurst 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

Dr. C.S. Park 

David J. Smith 

Carol M. Stephenson 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Mark A. Suwyn 

Douglas W.G. Whitehead 

Fees Earned 
(CDN$)(2) 

139,167 

70,917 
106,133 

75,646 

36,900 

52,834 
89,783 
27,725 
26,517 

(1)  All figures are in Canadian dollars.  However, the compensation paid to Dr. Park and Mr. Suwyn were actually paid in United States dollars.  
The United States dollar amounts were US$76,033 and US$27,867 for Dr. Park and Mr. Suwyn, respectively.  The United States dollar amounts 
were converted into Canadian dollars for the purpose of the table above using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. 

(2)  Represents the aggregate retainers and attendance fees paid: 

Director 

Ian A. Bourne 

Douglas P. Hayhurst 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

Dr. C.S. Park 

David J. Smith 

Compensation 

Board Retainer 
(CDN$) 

Committee Retainer 
(CDN$) 

Board and Committee 
Attendance Fees  
(CDN$) 

Total Compensation 
(CDN$) 

139,167 

37,917 

54,583 

54,305 

22,083 

N/A 

0 

11,250 

1,244 

2,917 

43 

N/A 

33,000 

40,300 

20,097 

11,900 

139,167 

70,917 

106,133 

75,646 

36,900 

 
Carol M. Stephenson 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Mark A. Suwyn 

Douglas W.G. Whitehead 

37,917 

54,583 

16,582 

16,667 

2,917 

10,000 

1,492 

1,250 

12,000 

25,200 

9,651 

8,600 

52,834 

89,783 

27,725 

26,517 

All figures are in Canadian dollars.  However, the compensation paid to Dr. Park and Mr. Suwyn were actually paid in United States dollars and 
converted into Canadian dollars for the purpose of the table above using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2012. The 
United  States  dollar  amounts  in  respect  of  Board  Retainer  were  US$54,583  and  US$16,667  for  Dr.  Park  and  Mr.  Suwyn,  respectively.    The 
United States dollar amounts in respect of Committee Retainer were US$1,250 and US$1,500 for Dr. Park and Mr. Suwyn, respectively.  The 
United States dollar amounts in respect of Board and Committee Attendance Fees were US$20,200 and US$9,700 for Dr. Park and Mr. Suwyn, 
respectively. 

We  remunerate  directors  who  are  not  executive  officers  for  services  to  the  Board,  committee 
participation  and  special  assignments.    The  following  table  describes  the  compensation  of  independent 
directors effective June 1, 2012(1):  

Annual Retainer  (Non-Executive Chair of the Board)  

Annual Retainer  (Director) 

Annual Retainer  (Committee Chairs)  

Committee Meeting Attendance Fee (per meeting)  

Board Meeting Attendance Fee (per meeting)  

C$(1) 

$140,000 

$60,000 

$10,000 

$1,500 

$1,500 

(1) 

The  majority  of  compensation  is  paid  in  Canadian  dollars.    However,  Dr.  Park’s  compensation  is  payable  in  United  States  dollars  and  he 
received the following amounts:  

Annual Retainer  (Director)  

Committee Meeting Attendance Fee (per meeting)  

Board Meeting Attendance Fee (per meeting)  

US$60,000 

US$1,500 
US$1,500 

At the discretion of the Chair, a meeting fee may be paid to independent directors for meetings that 

the director is requested or required to attend that are not official meetings of the Board or committees. 

Directors are also reimbursed for travel and other reasonable expenses incurred in connection with 
fulfilling their duties.  If a meeting or group of meetings is held on a continent other than the continent on 
which  an  independent  director  is  resident,  that  director  will  receive  an  additional  fee  of  U.S.$2,250  (or 
C$2,250 in the case of a non-United States resident), in recognition of the additional time required to travel 
to and from the meeting or meetings. 

Historically,  we  have  satisfied  our  Chair’s  annual  retainer  by  utilizing  up  to  1/3  cash  and  the 
remainder  in  equity-based  compensation,  and  our  Directors’  annual  retainers  by  utilizing  100%  in  equity-
based compensation.  In 2003, we ceased the practice of annual grants of share options to our independent 
Directors.  

Commencing on June 1, 2012, the mix of cash and compensation was adjusted, such that the Chair 
now receives 50% cash and 50% DSUs for his annual retainer, with the other directors receiving Committee 
Chair fees 100% in DSUs and annual retainer fees in a cash/DSU mix (approx. 40%/60%). 

Directors  are entitled to participate in the deferred share unit section for directors (the "DSU Plan 
for Directors") in the SDP.  Each DSU is convertible into one Share. The number of DSUs to be credited to 
a  Director  is  determined  quarterly  by  dividing  the  amount  of  the  eligible  remuneration  to  be  deferred  into 
DSUs  by  the  fair  market  value  per  Share,  being  a  price  not  less  than  the  closing  sale  price  at  which  the 
Shares are traded on the TSX (in respect of a DSU issued or to be issued to a person who is resident in any 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
country  other  than  the  U.S.)  or  NASDAQ  (in  respect  of  a  DSU  issued  or  to  be  issued  to  a  person  who  is 
resident in the U.S.) on the trading day before the relevant date.  For the Directors, DSUs are credited to an 
account maintained for each eligible person by Ballard at the time specified by the Board (DSUs are granted 
in equal instalments over the course of a year, at the end of each quarter).  However, a DSU is not redeemed 
until the Director leaves the Board, and its value on redemption will be based on the value of our Shares at 
that time. The SDP or any successor plans will be used to satisfy the redemption of DSUs issued pursuant to 
the DSU Plan for Directors. 

INCENTIVE PLAN AWARDS 

The following table sets forth all option-based and share-based awards granted to our non-executive 

directors that are outstanding as of December 31, 2012.  

Outstanding Share-Based Awards and Option-Based Awards 
(as of December 31, 2012) 

Option-Based Awards 

Number of Securities 
Underlying 
Unexercised Options  
(#) 

Option Exercise Price(1)
(CDN$) 

Option Expiration Date 

Value of Unexercised 
In-The-Money 
Options(2) 
(CDN$) 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 
(cid:2) 
(cid:2) 
(cid:2) 
(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 

(cid:2) 
(cid:2) 
(cid:2) 
(cid:2) 
(cid:2) 

Name 

Ian A. Bourne 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

Dr. C.S. Park 

Doug Hayhurst 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Carol Stephenson 

(1)  All figures are in Canadian dollars.   

(2) 

This amount is based on the difference between the closing price of the Shares underlying the options on the TSX as at December 31, 2012, and 
the exercise price of the option.  Where the difference is a negative number the value is deemed to be 0. 

No  incentive  plan  awards  vested  for,  or  were  earned  by,  our  Directors  during  the  year  ended 

December 31, 2012.  

Directors are not permitted to hedge the market value of the Company securities they hold. 

SECURITIES AUTHORIZED FOR ISSUANCE UNDER EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS 

The following table sets out, as of December 31, 2012, the number of securities we are authorized to 
issue  under  our  equity-based  compensation  plans  and  the  relevant  exercise  prices  at  which  such  securities 
may be issued.  

Number of Securities to be 
Issued Upon Exercise of 
Outstanding Options, 
Warrants and Rights (#) 
(a) 

Weighted -Average Exercise 
Price of Outstanding 
Options, Warrants and 
Rights (CDN$) 
(b) 

Number of Securities Remaining 
Available for Future Issuance 
Under Equity Compensation 
Plans excluding securities 
reflected in column (a) 
(c) 

8,310,038 (1) 

Nil 

8,310,038 

2.66 

N/A 

2.66 

870,109 

N/A 

870,109 

Plan Category 

Equity-based compensation plans 
approved by security holders 

Equity-based compensation plans 
not approved by security holders 

Total 

(1) 

Shares issuable under the DSU Plan for Directors and the DSU Plan for Executive Officers (together, the "DSU Plans") will be satisfied 
with Shares reserved under the SDP or any successor plan.  

45 

 
 
 
For a detailed description of our equity-based compensation plans, see Appendix "D" and "E" of this 

Management Proxy Circular. 

INTEREST OF INFORMED PERSONS IN MATERIAL TRANSACTIONS 

To the best of our knowledge, no informed person, proposed director or person who has been a director or 
executive  officer  of  the  Corporation  (or  any  associate  of  affiliate  of  such  persons)  had  any  interest  in  any 
material transactions during the past year or has any interest in any material transaction to be considered at 
the Meeting, except as disclosed in this Management Proxy Circular.  

INDEBTEDNESS OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 

In  compliance  with  Sarbanes-Oxley,  we  do  not  make  or  arrange  personal  loans  to  directors  or 
executive  officers.    As  of  April  10,  2013,  our  current or  former  directors,  officers  and  employees  have  no 
outstanding indebtedness to the Corporation, its subsidiaries or to any other entity and which is guaranteed 
by the Corporation or its subsidiaries.  

DIRECTORS’ AND OFFICERS’ LIABILITY INSURANCE 

We purchase and  maintain insurance for the benefit of our directors and officers for losses arising 
from claims against them for certain actual or alleged wrongful acts they may undertake while performing 
their director or officer function. The total annual premium in respect of our directors’ and officers’ liability 
insurance  program  was  approximately  US$245,000  for  2012  and  US$245,000  for  2011.  The  aggregate 
maximum coverage provided by the policy for all claims, for both directors and officers, in any single policy 
year is US$30 million. In addition to the payment of the premiums, we are accountable for the payment of 
the  policy  deductible  of  US$0  to  US$200,000  per  claim.  We  have  also  agreed  to  indemnify  each  of  our 
directors and officers against all expenses, liability and loss, reasonably incurred or suffered, arising from the 
performance of his or her duties as an officer or director of Ballard.  

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Additional  information  relating  to  us  is  included  in  the  following  public  filings,  which  are 
incorporated  by  reference  (the  "Incorporated  Documents")  into,  and  form  an  integral  part  of,  this 
Management Proxy Circular: 

(cid:3)  Annual Information Form dated March 15, 2013; 
(cid:3)  Audited  Annual  Financial  Statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  together  with  the 

auditors’ report thereon; and 

(cid:3)  Management's Discussion and Analysis for the year ended December 31, 2012. 

Copies  of  the  Incorporated  Documents  and  all  our  other  public  filings  providing  additional 
information relating to us may be obtained at www.sedar.com or www.sec.gov, or upon request and without 
further charge from either our Corporate Secretary, at 9000 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia, 
Canada V5J 5J8, or by calling our Investor Relations Department at (604) 454-0900. 

PROPOSALS 

Any shareholder who intends to present a proposal at our 2014 annual shareholders’ meeting must 
send the proposal to our Corporate Secretary at 9000 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada 
V5J  5J8.    In  order  for  the  proposal  to  be  included  in  the  proxy  materials  we  send  to  shareholders  for  that 
meeting, the proposal:  

(cid:3)  must be received by us no later than January 9, 2014; and 
(cid:3)  must comply with the requirements of section 137 of the Canada Business Corporations Act. 

46 

 
We are not obligated to include any shareholder proposal in our proxy materials for the 2014 annual 

shareholders’ meeting if the proposal is received after the January 9, 2014 deadline. 

Our  Board  has  approved  the  contents  and  the  sending  of  this  Management  Proxy  Circular  to  the 

APPROVAL BY THE BOARD 

shareholders of the Corporation. 

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD 

"Kerry Hillier" 

Kerry Hillier 
Corporate Secretary 
Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

Dated: April 10, 2013 

47 

 
 
 
In this Management Proxy Circular: 

DEFINED TERMS 

"Ballard", "Corporation", "we", "us" and "our" refer to Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

"Beneficial Shareholders" means holders of our Shares that do not hold our Shares in their own name, but 
instead,  whose  Shares  are  held  on  the  Record  Date  by  a  bank,  trust  company,  securities  broker  or  other 
nominee. 

"Board" means the board of directors of Ballard. 

"C$" refers to Canadian currency. 

“CBCA” means the Canadian Business Corporations Act. 

“Equity-based Compensation Plans” means the Option Plan and the SDP. 

"DSU" means deferred share unit. 

"$" or "dollars" refer to United States currency unless specifically stated otherwise. 

"Meeting"  means  the  2012  annual  meeting  of  our  Registered  Shareholders  and  includes  any  adjournment 
thereof, unless otherwise indicated. 

"NASDAQ" means the NASDAQ Global Market. 

“Option Plan” means the Corporation’s consolidated share option plan, the principal terms of which are set 
out in Appendix "D". 

"Record Date" means 5:00 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time on April 10, 2013. 

"Registered Shareholders" means registered holders of our Shares on the Record Date.  

"RSU" means restricted share unit. 

“SDP” means the Corporation’s consolidated share distribution plan, the principal terms of which are set out 
in Appendix "E". 

 “SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 

"Shares" means common shares without par value in the capital of Ballard. 

"TSX" means the Toronto Stock Exchange. 

"US$" refers to United States currency. 

48 

 
APPENDIX "A" 
RESOLUTION TO APPROVE SHARE CONSOLIDATION 

RESOLVED, AS A SPECIAL RESOLUTION THAT: 

1. 

The Corporation is hereby authorized to amend its articles of incorporation to provide that: 

A.  the  authorized  capital  of  the  Corporation  is  altered  by  consolidating  all  of  the  issued  and 
outstanding  common  shares  of  the  Corporation  without  par  value  on  the  basis  of  a 
consolidation  ratio  to  be  selected  by  the  Corporation’s  Board  of  Directors,  in  its  sole 
discretion, provided that: 

i.  the  ratio  may  be  no  smaller  than  one  post-consolidation  share  for  every  three  pre-
consolidation shares and no larger than one post-consolidation share for every seven 
pre-consolidation shares, and 

ii.  the  number  of  pre-consolidation  shares  in  the  ratio  must  be  a  whole  number  of 

shares; 

B.  if the consolidation would otherwise result in the issuance of a fractional share, no fractional 
share will be issued and such fraction will be rounded down to the nearest whole number; 
and 

C.  the  effective  date  of  such  consolidation  will  be  the  date  shown  in  the  certificate  of 
amendment  issued  by  the  Director  under  the  Canadian  Business  Corporations  Act  or  such 
other date indicated on the articles of amendment provided that, in any event, such date will 
be prior to June 4, 2014. 

2. 

3. 

Any director or officer of the Corporation is hereby authorized to do all such acts and execute 
and  deliver  all  such  documents  as  may  be  necessary  to  give  effect  to  this  special  resolution, 
including, without limitation, the determination of the effective date of the consolidation and the 
delivery  of  articles  of  amendment  in  the  prescribed  form  to  the  Director  appointed  underthe 
Canadian Business Corporations Act, the execution of any document or the doing of any such 
other act or thing being conclusive evidence of such determination. 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the directors of the Corporation are hereby authorized, without 
further  approval  of  or  notice  to  the  shareholders  of  the  Corporation,  to  revoke  this  special 
resolution at any time before a certificate of amendment is issued by the Director. 

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APPENDIX "B" 
BY-LAW NO. 2 
ADVANCE NOTICE BY-LAW 
(ADOPTED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ON MARCH 15, 2013) 

Article 1 
NOMINATION OF DIRECTORS 

Section 1.1  Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set out in this Section 
1.1  shall  be  eligible  for  election  as  directors  to  the  board  of  directors  (the  "Board")  of  the  Corporation. 
Nominations of persons for election to the Board may only be made at an annual meeting of shareholders, 
or at a special meeting of shareholders called for any purpose which includes the election of directors to the 
Board, as follows: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

by  or  at  the  direction  of  the  Board  or  an  authorized  officer  of  the  Corporation,  including 
pursuant to a notice of meeting;  

by or at the direction or request of one or more shareholders pursuant to a proposal made in 
accordance with the provisions of the Canada Business Corporations Act (the "Act") or a 
requisition of shareholders made in accordance with the provisions of the Act; or 

by any person entitled to vote at such meeting (a "Nominating Shareholder"), who: (A) is, 
at the close of business on the date of giving notice provided for in Section 1.3 below and 
on the record date for notice of such meeting, either entered in the securities register of the 
Corporation as a holder of one or more shares carrying the right to vote at such meeting or 
who  beneficially  owns  shares  that  are  entitled  to  be  voted  at  such  meeting;  and  (B)  has 
given timely notice in proper written form as set forth in this Section 1.1.  

Section 1.2 
For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing Section 1.1 shall be the exclusive means for any 
person to bring nominations for election to the Board before any annual or special meeting of shareholders 
of the Corporation. 

Section 1.3 
For  a  nomination  made  by  a  Nominating  Shareholder  to  be  timely  notice  (a  "Timely 
Notice"),  the  Nominating  Shareholder's  notice  must  be  received  by  the  corporate  secretary  of  the 
Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation: 

(a) 

(b) 

in the case of an annual meeting of shareholders, not later than the close of business on the 
30th day and not earlier than the opening of business on the 65th day before the date of the 
meeting: provided, however, if the first public announcement made by the Corporation of 
the date of the annual meeting is less than 50 days prior to the meeting date, not later than 
the  close  of  business  on  the  10th  day  following  the  day  on  which  the  first  public 
announcement of the date of such annual meeting is made by the Corporation; and 

in the case of a special meeting (which is not also an annual meeting) of shareholders called 
for  any  purpose  which  includes  the  election  of  directors  to  the  Board,  not  later  than  the 
close of business on the 15th day following the day on which the first public announcement 
of the date of the special meeting is made by the Corporation.  

B-1 

 
Section 1.4 
The time periods for giving of a Timely Notice shall in all cases be determined based on the 
original  date  of  the  annual  meeting  or  the  first  public  announcement  of  the  annual  or  special  meeting,  as 
applicable. In no event shall an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or special meeting of 
shareholders or any announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a Timely Notice. 

Section 1.5 
must comply with all the provisions of this Section 1.5 and:  

To be in proper written form, a Nominating Shareholder's notice to the corporate secretary 

(a) 

disclose  or  include,  as  applicable,  as  to  each  person  whom  the  Nominating  Shareholder 
proposes to nominate for election as a director (a "Proposed Nominee"):  

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

(v) 

their  name,  age,  business  and  residential  address,  principal  occupation  or 
employment for the past five years, status as a "resident Canadian" (as such term is 
defined in the Act); 

their direct or indirect beneficial ownership in, or control or direction over, any class 
or series of securities of the Corporation, including the number or principal amount 
and the date (s) on which such securities were acquired;  

any  relationships,  agreements  or  arrangements,  including  financial,  compensation 
and  indemnity  related  relationships,  agreements  or  arrangements,  between  the 
Proposed Nominee or any affiliates or associates of, or any person or entity acting 
jointly or in concert with, the Proposed Nominee or the Nominating Shareholder;  

any  other  information  that  would  be  required  to  be  disclosed  in  a  dissident  proxy 
circular  or  other  filings  required  to  be  made  in  connection  with  the  solicitation  of 
proxies for election of directors pursuant to the Act or applicable securities law; and 

a duly completed personal information form in respect of the Proposed Nominee in 
the form prescribed by the principal stock exchange on which the securities of the 
Corporation are then listed for trading; and 

(b) 

disclose or include, as applicable, as to each Nominating Shareholder giving the notice and 
each beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

their name, business and residential address, direct or indirect beneficial ownership 
in, or control or direction over, any class or series of securities of the Corporation, 
including the number or principal amount and the date(s) on which such securities 
were acquired; 

their interests in, or rights or obligations associated with, an agreement, arrangement 
or understanding, the purpose or effect of which is to alter, directly or indirectly, the 
person's economic interest in a security of the Corporation or the person's economic 
exposure to the Corporation;  

any  proxy,  contract,  arrangement,  agreement  or  understanding  pursuant  to  which 
such person, or any of its affiliates or associates, or any person acting jointly or in 
concert  with  such  person,  has  any  interests,  rights  or  obligations  relating  to  the 
voting  of  any  securities  of  the  Corporation  or  the  nomination  of  directors  to  the 
Board; 

(iv) 

any direct or indirect interest of such person in any contract with the Corporation or 
with any of the Corporation's affiliates or principal competitors;  

B-2 

 
(v) 

(vi) 

(vii) 

a representation that the Nominating Shareholder is a holder of record of securities 
of  the  Corporation,  or  a  beneficial  owner,  entitled  to  vote  at  such  meeting,  and 
intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such nomination;  

a representation as to whether such person intends to deliver a proxy circular and/or 
form  of  proxy  to  any  shareholder  of  the  Corporation  in  connection  with  such 
nomination  or  otherwise  solicit  proxies  or  votes  from  shareholders  of  the 
Corporation in support of such nomination; and 

any other information relating to such person that would be required to be included 
in a dissident proxy circular or other filings required to be made in connection with 
solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to the Act or as required by 
applicable securities law; and  

(c) 

be  accompanied  by  a  written  consent  duly  signed  by  each  Proposed  Nominee  to  being 
named as a nominee and to serve as a director of the Corporation, if elected.  

Section 1.6  Despite any other provision in the by-laws of the corporation relating to giving of notice, any 
notice,  or  other  document  or  information  required  to  be  given  to  the  corporate  secretary  pursuant  to  this 
Section  1.6  may  only  be  given  by  personal  delivery,  facsimile  transmission  or  by  email  (at  such  email 
address as may be stipulated from time to time by the corporate secretary for purposes of this notice), and 
shall  be  deemed  to  have  been  given  and  made  only  at  the  time  it  is  served  by  personal  delivery  to  the 
corporate secretary at the address of the principal executive offices of the Corporation, email (at the address 
as aforesaid) or sent by facsimile transmission (provided that receipt of confirmation of such transmission 
has been received); provided that if such delivery or electronic communication is made on a day which is a 
not  a  business  day  or  later  than  5:00 p.m.  (Vancouver  time)  on  a  day  which  is  a  business  day, then  such 
delivery or electronic communication shall be deemed to have been made on the next following day that is a 
business day.  

Section 1.7  Additional Matters 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

(e) 

The  chair  of  any  meeting  of  shareholders  of  the  Corporation  shall  have  the  power  to 
determine  whether  any  proposed  nomination  is  made  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
this Section, and if any proposed nomination is not in compliance with such provisions, must 
declare  that  such  defective  nomination  shall  not  be  considered  at  any  meeting  of 
shareholders.  

Despite  any  other  provision  of  this  Section,  if  the  Nominating  Shareholder  (or  a  qualified 
representative  of  the  shareholder)  does  not  appear  at  the  meeting  of  shareholders  of  the 
Corporation 
the  nomination,  such  nomination  shall  be  disregarded, 
notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such nomination may have been received by the 
Corporation. 

to  present 

Nothing in this Section shall obligate the Corporation or the Board to include in any proxy 
statement or other shareholder communication distributed by or on behalf of the Corporation 
or  Board  any  information  with  respect  to  any  proposed  nomination  or  any  Nominating 
Shareholder or Proposed Nominee. 

The Board may, in its sole discretion, waive any requirement of this Section. 

For the purposes of this Section "public announcement" means disclosure in a press release 
disseminated  by  the  Corporation  through  a  national  news  service  in  Canada,  or  in  a 
document  filed  by  the  Corporation  for  public  access  under  its  profile  on  the  System  of 
Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval at www.sedar.com. 

B-3 

 
Article 2 
ANNUAL OR SPECIAL MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS 

Section 2.1  No  business  may  be  transacted  at  an  annual  or  special  meeting  of  shareholders  other  than 
business that is either (i) specified in the Corporation's notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given 
by or at the direction of the Board, (ii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction 
of the Board, or (iii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by any shareholder of the Corporation 
who complies with the proposal procedures set forth in Section 2.2 below. 

Section 2.2 
For business to be properly brought before a meeting by a shareholder of the Corporation, 
such shareholder must submit a proposal to the Corporation for inclusion in the Corporation's management 
proxy  circular  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  Act;  provided  that  any  proposal  that  includes 
nominations for the election of directors shall also comply with the requirements of Article 1. 

B-4 

 
 
APPENDIX "C" 
BOARD MANDATE 

PURPOSE 

The board of directors (the "Board") is responsible for the overall corporate governance of the Corporation.  
It oversees and directs the management of the Corporation’s business and affairs.  In doing so, it must act 
honestly,  in  good  faith,  and  in  the  best  interests  of  the  Corporation.    The  Board  guides  the  Corporation’s 
strategic  direction,  evaluates  the  performance  of  the  Corporation’s  executive  officers,  monitors  the 
Corporation’s financial results, and is ultimately accountable to the Corporation’s shareholders, employees, 
customers,  suppliers,  and  regulators.  Board  members  are  kept  informed  of  the  Corporation’s  operations  at 
meetings  of  the  Board  and  its  committees,  and  through  reports  and  analyses  by,  and  discussions  with, 
management.    The  Board  manages  the  delegation  of  decision-making  authority  to  management  through 
Board resolutions under which management is given authority to transact business, but only within specific 
limits  and  restrictions.    In  this  Mandate,  the  "Corporation"  means  Ballard  Power  Systems  Inc.  and  a 
"director" means a Board member. 

COMPOSITION 

A.  As stated in the Articles of the Corporation, the Board will be composed of no fewer than five and no 

more than fifteen directors. 

B.  The Board will have a majority of independent directors. 

C.  The Board will appoint its own Chair. 

MEETINGS 

D.  Meetings of the Board will be held as required, but at least four times a year. 

E.  The Board will appoint its own Secretary, who need not be a director.  The Secretary, in conjunction 
with  the  Chair  of  the  Board,  will  draw  up  an  agenda,  which  will  be  circulated  in  advance  to  the 
members of the Board along with the materials for the meeting.  The Secretary will be responsible 
for taking and keeping the Board’s meeting minutes. 

F.  As set out in the By-laws of the Corporation, meetings will be chaired by the Chair of the Board, or 

if the Chair is absent, by a member chosen by the Board from among themselves. 

G.  If  all  directors  consent,  and  proper  notice  has  been  given  or  waived,  a  director  or  directors  may 
participate  in  a  meeting  of  the  Board  by  means  of  such  telephonic,  electronic  or  other 
communication  facilities  as  permit  all  persons  participating  in  the  meeting  to  communicate 
adequately  with  each  other,  and  a  director  participating  in  such  a  meeting  by  any  such  means  is 
deemed to be present at that meeting. 

H.  The  Board  will  conduct  an  in-camera  session  excluding  management  at  the  end  of  each  Board 

meeting. 

I.  A majority of directors constitute a quorum. 

J.  All  decisions  made  by  the  Board  may  be  made  at  a  Board  meeting  or  evidenced  in  writing  and 
signed  by  all  Board  members,  which  will  be  fully  effective  as  if  it  had  been  made  or  passed  at  a 
Board meeting. 

C-1 

 
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 
K.  Selection of Management 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  appointing  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  ("CEO"),  for  monitoring  and 
evaluating the CEO’s performance, and approving the CEO’s compensation.  Upon recommendation 
of the CEO and the Human Resources & Compensation Committee, the Board is also responsible for 
appointing  all  officers.      The  Board  also  ensures  that  adequate  plans  are  in  place  for  management 
development and succession and conducts an annual review of such plans. 

L.  Corporate Strategy 

The Board is responsible for reviewing and approving the Corporation’s corporate mission statement 
and corporate strategy on a yearly basis, as well as determining the goals and objectives to achieve 
and  implement  the  corporate  strategy,  while  taking  into  account,  among  other  things,  the 
opportunities and risks of the business.  Each year, the Board meets for a strategic planning session 
to set the plans for the upcoming year.  In addition to the general management of the business, the 
Board expects management to achieve the corporate goals set by the Board, and the Board monitors 
throughout the year the progress made against these goals. 

In  addition,  the  Board  approves  key  transactions,  which  have  strategic  impact  to  the  Corporation, 
such as acquisitions, key collaborations, key supply arrangements, and strategic alliances. Through 
the delegation of signing authorities, the Board is responsible for setting out the types of transactions 
that require approval of the Board before completion. 

M.  Fiscal Management and Reporting 

The Board monitors the financial performance of the Corporation and must ensure that the financial 
results are reported: (a) to shareholders and regulators on a timely and regular basis; and (b) fairly 
and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  The Board must also ensure that 
all  material  developments  of  the  Corporation  are  disclosed  to  the  public  on  a  timely  basis  in 
accordance with applicable securities regulations.  In the spring of each year, the Board reviews and 
approves  the  Annual  Report,  which  is  sent  to  shareholders  of  the  Corporation  and  describes  the 
achievements and performance of the Corporation for the preceding year.   

N.  Legal Compliance 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  overseeing  compliance  with  all  relevant  policies  and  procedures  by 
which the Corporation operates and ensuring that the Corporation operates at all times in compliance 
with all applicable laws and regulations, and to the highest ethical and moral standards. 

O.  Statutory Requirements 

The Board is responsible for approving all matters, which require Board approval as prescribed by 
applicable  statutes  and  regulations,  such  as  payment  of  dividends  and  issuances  of  shares.  
Management ensures that such matters are brought to the attention of the Board as they arise. 

P.  Formal Board Evaluation 

The  Board,  through  a  process  led  by  the  Corporate  Governance  Committee,  conducts  an  annual 
evaluation  and  review  of  the  performance  of  the  Board,  Board  committees,  and  the  Chair  of  the 
Board.  The  Corporate Governance Committee reviews the results of such  evaluation and together 
with the Chair of the Board, discusses potential ways to improve Board effectiveness.  The Corporate 
Governance Committee discusses the results of the evaluation and the recommended improvements 

C-2 

 
with the full Board.  The Board also sets annual effectiveness goals and tracks performance against 
those goals.  In addition, each individual director’s performance is evaluated and reviewed regularly. 

Q.  Risk Management 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  identifying  the  Corporation’s  principal  risks  and  ensuring  the 
implementation of appropriate systems to manage these risks.  The Board is also responsible for the 
integrity of the Corporation’s internal controls and management information systems. 

R.  External Communications 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  overseeing  the  establishment,  maintenance  and  annual  review  of  the 
Corporation’s  external  communications  policies  which  address  how  the  Corporation  interacts  with 
analysts  and  the  public  and  which  also  contain  measures  for  the  Corporation  to  avoid  selective 
disclosure.  The Board is responsible for establishing a process for receiving shareholder feedback.  
This is achieved through a semi-annual presentation of an investor relations report, which contains a 
summary of the feedback and common enquiries received from shareholders, as well as a Board e-
mail  address,  which  has  been  set  up  for  the  public  to  submit  messages  to  the  Board. 

C-3 

 
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APPENDIX "D" 
DESCRIPTION OF OPTION PLAN 

All directors, officers and employees of Ballard and its subsidiaries are eligible to participate in the 
Option Plan.  Former Ballard employees who were transferred to AFCC Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation 
Corp. ("AFCC") on January 31, 2008 (the "Transferred Employees") are also permitted to participate in the 
Option Plan for so long as they remain employees of AFCC.   New Ballard options may not be granted to 
Transferred Employees under either the Option Plan or the prior option plans. 

As at April 10, 2013, the total number of Shares issued and reserved and authorized for issue under 
the Option Plan was 7,437,971 Shares, representing 7.5% of the issued and outstanding Shares as of April 
10, 2013.   

The number of options granted under the Option Plan may adjust if any share reorganization, stock 

dividend or corporate reorganization occurs. 

The Option Plan limits insider participation such that the number of Shares issued to insiders, within 
any one-year period, and issuable to insiders, at any time, under the plan and any other Ballard equity-based 
compensation arrangements, cannot exceed 10% of Ballard’s issued and outstanding Shares.  

In  any  year,  a  non-executive  Director’s  participation  in  all  Ballard  equity-based  compensation 
arrangements is limited to that number of shares (or that number of securities in respect of underlying shares) 
having a value of not more than C$100,000 on the date of grant, excluding any securities issued in respect of 
the non-executive Director’s annual retainer. 

Apart  from  the  limits  on  Shares  issued  or  issuable  to  insiders  and  to  non-executive  Directors, 
described above, the Option Plan does not restrict the number of Shares that can be issued to any one person 
or to Directors. 

The exercise price of a Ballard option will be determined by the Board and is to be no less than the 

closing price per Share on the TSX on the last trading day before the date the option is granted. 

Ballard  options  may  have  a  term  of  up  to  10  years  from  the  date  of  grant,  and  unless  otherwise 
determined by the Board, will vest in equal amounts on the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of 
grant. 

If an "accelerated vesting event" occurs, any outstanding option may be exercised at any time before 
the 60th day after such event.  An accelerated vesting event occurs when: (a) a person makes a take-over bid 
that could result in that person or persons acting in concert acquiring at least two-thirds of Shares; (b) any 
person or persons acting in concert acquire at least two-thirds of Shares; (c) there is a disposition of all or 
substantially  all  of  Ballard’s  assets;  (d)  Ballard  joins  in  any  business  combination  that  results  in  Ballard’s 
shareholders owning one-third or less of the voting shares of the combined entity and Ballard is privatized 
(or the parties to the business combination have publicly expressed an intention to privatize Ballard); or (e) 
any other transaction is approved, a consequence of which is to privatize Ballard.    

The Option Plan also contains a "double trigger" in the event of a take-over.  Accordingly, vesting 
will only be accelerated if the Board approves the acceleration.  In such circumstances, the Board will also 
have  the  ability  to  make  such  changes  as  it  considers  fair  and  appropriate,  including  accelerating  vesting, 
otherwise modifying the terms of options to assist the holder to tender into the take-over bid or terminating 
options which have not been exercised prior to the successful completion of the accelerated vesting event. 

Under the Option Plan each option will expire (or no longer be capable of being exercised) on the 

earlier of: 

(a) 

the expiration date as determined by the Board, which date will not be more than 10 
years from the date of grant; and 

D-1 

 
 
(b) 

if  the  optionee  is  a  director,  officer  or  employee,  the  optionee  ceases  to  hold  such 
position, except that, an option will be capable of exercise, if the optionee ceases to 
be a director, officer or employee: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

because of his or her death, for one year after the optionee dies;  

as a result of voluntary resignation, for 30 days after the last day on which 
the  optionee  ceases  to  be  a  director,  or  the  officer  or  employee  ceases  to 
work for Ballard; or 

other than as a result of voluntary resignation (in the case of a director) or 
termination other than for just cause (in the case of an officer or employee), 
for 90 days after the last day on which the optionee ceases to be a director, 
or  the  officer  or  employee  ceases  to  work  for  Ballard  (although  in  these 
circumstances,  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  has  discretion  to  extend  the 
exercise  period  to  up  to  one  year  after  the  optionee  ceases  to  work  for 
Ballard). 

In  the  event  that  the  optionee  dies,  all  previously  unvested  options  vest  and,  in  the  circumstances 
described in (b)(iv) above, the Chief Executive Officer has discretion to accelerate the vesting of unvested 
options that would have otherwise vested in the next year.  In the other circumstances described above, an 
option  is  only  capable  of  being  exercised  in  respect  of  options  that  were  vested  at  the  time  the  optionee 
ceased to be a director or ceased to work for Ballard. 

In the event that an optionee becomes "totally disabled" (as defined in the Option Plan), his or her 
options  will  continue  to  vest  and  be  exercisable  as  they  would  have  had  the  optionee  continued  to  be  a 
director, officer or employee of Ballard. 

Similarly, if an optionee becomes "retired" (as defined in the Option Plan), his or her options will 
continue to vest and be exercisable as they would have had the optionee continued to be a director, officer or 
employee of Ballard. 

If  an  option  would  otherwise  expire  or  cease  to  be  exercisable  during  a  blackout  period  or  within 
nine  business  days  after  the  end  of  a  blackout  period  (that  is,  a  period  during  which  employees  and/or 
directors  cannot  trade  in  securities  of  the  Corporation  because  they  may  be  in  possession  of  insider 
information), the expiry date of the option is extended to the date which is 10 business days after the end of 
the blackout period. 

The Board is entitled to make, at any time, and from time to time, and without obtaining shareholder 

approval, any of the following amendments 

(a) 

(b) 

amendments to the definitions and other amendments of a clerical nature; 

amendments  to  any  provisions  relating  to  the  granting  or  exercise  of  options, 
including but not limited to provisions relating to the term, termination, amount and 
payment  of  the  subscription  price,  vesting  period,  expiry  or  adjustment  of  options, 
provided that, without shareholder approval, such amendment does not entail: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

a change in the number or percentage of Shares reserved for issuance under 
the plan;  

a  reduction  in  the  exercise  price  of  an  option  or  the  cancellation  and 
reissuance of options; 

an extension of the expiry date of an outstanding option; 

an increase to the maximum number of Shares that may be: 

(A) 

(B) 

issued to insiders within a one-year period; or  

issuable to insiders at any time, 

D-2 

 
under all of Ballard’s equity-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed 
10% of the issued and outstanding Shares at that time; 

(v) 

an  increase  in  the  maximum  number  of  securities  that  can  be  granted  to 
directors  (other  than  directors  who  are  also  officers)  under  all  of  Ballard’s 
equity-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed such number 
of securities  in respect of  which the underlying Shares have a Fair Market 
Value  (as  defined  in  the  plan)  on  the  date  of  grant  of  such  securities  of 
C$100,000; 

(vi) 

permitting  options  to  be  transferable  or  assignable  other  than  for  normal 
course estate settlement purposes; or 

(vii) 

a change to the amendment provisions of the plan; 

(c) 

(d) 

(e) 

(f) 

the addition or amendment of terms relating to the provision of financial assistance 
to  optionees  or  resulting  in  optionees  receiving  any  Ballard  securities,  including 
pursuant to a cashless exercise feature; 

any amendment in respect of the persons eligible to participate in the plan, provided 
that, without shareholder approval, such amendment does not permit non-employee 
directors to re-gain participation rights under the plan at the discretion of the Board 
if  their  eligibility  to  participate  had  previously  been  removed  or  increase  limits 
previously imposed on non-employee director participation; 

such amendments as are necessary for the purpose of complying with any changes in 
any  relevant  law,  rule,  regulation,  regulatory  requirement  or  requirement  of  any 
applicable stock exchange or regulatory authority; or 

amendments  to  correct  or  rectify  any  ambiguity,  defective  provision,  error  or 
omission in the plan or in any agreement to purchase options. 

Options  are  not  assignable  except  as  permitted  by  applicable  regulatory  authorities  in  connection 
with a transfer to an optionee’s registered retirement savings plan or registered retirement income fund or to 
the personal representative of an optionee who has died.   

D-3 

 
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APPENDIX "E" 
DESCRIPTION OF SDP 

The SDP is a single plan divided into the following three principal sections: 

(a) 

(b) 

A  deferred  share  unit  section  for  senior  executives  (the  "DSU  Plan  for  Executive 
Officers").    Under  the  SDP,  DSUs  are  granted  at  the  election  of  each  executive 
officer  of  Ballard  who  is  eligible  (as  determined  by  the  Board)  in  partial  or  full 
payment of his or her annual bonus, which otherwise is paid in Shares. 

A deferred share unit section for directors (the "DSU Plan for Directors").  Under 
the  DSU  Plan  for  Directors,  each  independent  outside  director  elects  annually  the 
proportion  (0%  to  100%)  of  his  or  her  annual  retainer  that  he  or  she  wishes  to 
receive in DSUs. 

Under  the  SDP,  DSUs  are  credited  to  an  account  maintained  for  each  eligible  person  by 
Ballard.  Each DSU is convertible into one Share. The number of DSUs to be credited to an 
eligible  person  is  determined  on  the  relevant  date  by  dividing  the  amount  of  the  eligible 
remuneration to be deferred into DSUs by the fair market value per Share, being a price not 
less than the  closing sale  price at  which the Shares  are traded on the TSX (in respect of a 
DSU issued or to be issued to a person who is resident in any country other than the U.S.) or 
NASDAQ (in respect of a DSU issued or to be issued to a person who is resident in the U.S.) 
on the trading day before the relevant date.  In the case of the executive officers, the relevant 
date  is  set  by  the  Board  but  if  such  date  occurs  during  a  trading  blackout,  the  number  of 
DSUs  will  be  determined  on  the  first  trading  day  after  the  day  on  which  the  blackout  is 
lifted.  For directors, DSUs are credited at the time specified by the Board (currently DSUs 
are granted in equal instalments over the course of a year, at the end of each quarter).  

On any date on which a dividend is paid on the Shares, an eligible person's account will be 
credited with the number of DSUs calculated by: (i) multiplying the amount of the dividend 
per  Share  by  the  aggregate  number  of  DSUs  that  were  credited  to  that  account  as  of  the 
record date for payment of the dividend; and (ii) dividing the amount obtained in (i) by the 
fair market value (determined as set out above) of Shares on the date on which the dividend 
is paid.   

A departing director or executive officer may receive Shares in respect of the DSUs credited 
to that person's account (at the ratio of one Share per DSU, subject to the deduction of any 
applicable withholding tax in the case of an eligible person who is a United States citizen or 
resident for the purpose of United States tax).  A DSU, however, cannot be redeemed until 
such time as the director leaves the Board or the executive officer ceases to work for Ballard, 
and its value on redemption will be based on the value of Shares at that time.  All DSUs vest 
immediately as  they  are  issued  in  respect  of  remuneration  that  would have  otherwise  been 
paid in Shares or cash.  DSUs do not expire.  Except in the case of death, DSUs can only be 
assigned with consent.  

(c) 

A  restricted  share  unit  section  (the  "RSU  Plan").  All  employees  (excluding  non-
executive directors) are eligible to participate in the RSU Plan. 

The  vesting  of  RSUs  issued  under  the  SDP  occurs  up  to  three  years  from  the  date  of 
issuance,  subject  to  the  achievement  of  any  performance  criteria  which  may  be  set  by  the 
Board and to earlier vesting upon the occurrence of any accelerated vesting event (as defined 
in the SDP).  Each RSU is convertible into one Share, which will be issued under the SDP.   

A  "double  trigger"  is  included  in  the  event  of  a  take-over.    Accordingly,  in  the  event  of  a 
take-over  the  accelerated  vesting  of  an  RSU  (technically,  the  shortening  of  the  restriction 
period) will only occur if the Board so determines.  In such circumstances, the Board will 
also  have  the  ability  to  make  such  changes  as  it  considers  fair  and  appropriate  in  the 

E-1

 
 
circumstances,  including  the  date  on  which  the  restriction  period  ends  or  otherwise 
modifying the terms of RSUs to assist the holder to tender into the take-over bid. 

In addition, the Board has the discretion to deem performance criteria or other conditions to 
have been met on the occurrence of an accelerated vesting event. 

If any performance criteria or other conditions specified in an award of RSUs is not met on 
or before the last day of the restriction period applicable to the relevant grant (usually three 
years less one day from the date of grant), the RSUs will expire and the participant will no 
longer be entitled to receive any Shares upon conversion of those RSUs.   

All RSUs awarded to a participant under the SDP will also expire on the last day on which 
the participant works for Ballard or any of its subsidiaries (or, in the case of a Transferred 
Employee, AFCC or its subsidiaries) except that,  

(a) 

(b) 

in the event of the participant's death or total disability, the performance criteria and 
conditions  specified  in  the  participant's  award  of  RSUs  will,  unless  otherwise 
specified  in  the  award,  be  deemed  satisfied  and  the  RSUs  will  be  converted  into 
Shares; and 

if the participant is retired, the vesting of RSUs will continue on the same terms as 
they  would  have  had  the  participant  continued  to  be  an  officer  or  employee  of 
Ballard. 

RSUs cannot be assigned other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. 

Under  the  SDP,  the  Board  can  elect  to  satisfy  the  conversion  of  RSUs  through  Ballard 
Shares purchased on the open market. 

As of April 10, 2013, the total number of Shares issued and reserved and authorized for issue under 
the SDP was 1,196,069 Shares, representing 1.2% of the issued and outstanding Shares as of April 10, 2013.  

The  SDP  limits  insider  participation  such  that  the  number  of  Shares  issued  to  insiders,  within  any 
one-year  period,  and  issuable  to  insiders,  at  any  time,  under  the  plan  and  any  other  Ballard  equity-based 
compensation arrangements, cannot exceed 10% of Ballard’s issued and outstanding Shares. 

Under  the  SDP,  in  any  year,  a  non-executive  Director’s  participation  in  all  Ballard  equity-based 
compensation  arrangements  is  limited  to  that  number  of  shares  (or  that  number  of  securities  in  respect  of 
underlying shares) having a value of not more than C$100,000 on the date of grant, excluding any securities 
issued in respect of the non-executive Director’s annual retainer. 

The SDP does not limit the number of DSUs that can be issued to executive officers. 

The SDP does not limit the number of RSUs that can be issued to any one participant. 

Apart from the limits on Shares issued or issuable to insiders and non-executive Directors described 
above,  the  SDP  does  not  restrict  the  number  of  Shares  that  can  be  issued  to  any  one  person,  to  executive 
officers or to Directors. 

The SDP permits the Board, without obtaining shareholder approval, to amend any provision of the 
SDP and/or any RSU and/or DSU governed by it (whether outstanding or otherwise) (subject to any stock 
exchange or regulatory requirement at the time of any such amendment) including, without limitation, any of 
the following amendments: 

(a) 

(b) 

amendments to the definitions and other amendments of a clerical nature; 

amendments  to  any  provisions  relating  to  the  issuance  of  Shares,  granting  or 
conversion of DSUs or RSUs, including but not limited to provisions relating to the 
term,  termination,  and  number  of  DSUs  or  RSUs  to  be  awarded,  provided  that, 
without shareholder approval, such amendment does not entail: 

E-2 

 
 
(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

a change in the number or percentage of Shares reserved for issuance under 
the plan;  

a  reduction  of  the  issue  price  of  the  Shares  issued  under  the  plan  or  the 
cancellation and reissue of Shares; 

a reduction to the fair market value used to calculate the number of DSUs to 
be awarded; 

an  extension  of  time  for  redemption  of  a  DSU  or  an  extension  beyond  the 
original restriction period of a RSU; 

(v) 

an increase to the maximum number of Shares that may be: 

(A) 

(B) 

issued to insiders within a one-year period; or  

issuable to insiders at any time, 

under all of Ballard’s equity-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed 
10% of the issued and outstanding Shares at that time; 

(vi) 

an  increase  in  the  maximum  number  of  securities  that  can  be  granted  to 
directors  (other  than  directors  who  are  also  officers)  under  all  of  Ballard’s 
equity-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed such number 
of securities  in respect of  which the underlying Shares have a Fair Market 
Value  (as  defined  in  the  plan)  on  the  date  of  grant  of  such  securities  of 
C$100,000; 

(vii) 

permitting  DSUs  or  RSUs  to  be  transferable  or  assignable  other  than  for 
normal course estate settlement purposes; or 

(viii) 

a change to the amendment provisions of the plan; 

(c) 

any amendment in respect of the persons eligible to participate in the plan (or any 
part  of  it),  provided  that,  without  shareholder  approval,  such  amendment  does  not 
permit non-employee directors to: 

(i) 

(ii) 

participate as holders of RSUs at the discretion of the Board; 

re-gain participation rights under any section of the plan at the discretion of 
the  Board  if  their  eligibility  (as  a  class)  to  participate  had  previously  been 
removed; or  

(iii) 

increase limits previously imposed on non-employee director participation; 

(d) 

(e) 

such amendments as are necessary for the purpose of complying with any changes in 
any  relevant  law,  rule,  regulation,  regulatory  requirement  or  requirement  of  any 
applicable stock exchange or regulatory authority; or 

amendments  to  correct  or  rectify  any  ambiguity,  defective  provision,  error  or 
omission  in  the  plan  or  in  any  option  agreement,  notice  to  redeem  DSUs  or  RSU 
agreement. 

E-3

 
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

Consolidated Financial Statements 

F-1 

 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of Ballard Power 
Systems Inc. (“Ballard”, “the Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is prepared as at February 20, 
2013 and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements 
and  accompanying  notes  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012.  The  results  reported 
herein  are  presented  in  U.S.  dollars  unless  otherwise  stated  and  have  been  prepared  in 
accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”).  Additional 
information relating to the Company, including our Annual Information Form, are filed with 
Canadian  (www.sedar.com)  and  U.S.  securities  regulatory  authorities  (www.sec.gov)  and 
are also available on our website at www.ballard.com. 

BUSINESS OVERVIEW 

At Ballard, we are building a clean energy growth company. We are recognized as a world 
leader in proton exchange membrane (“PEM”) fuel cell development and commercialization. 
Our  principal  business  is  the  design,  development,  manufacture,  sale  and  service  of  fuel 
cell products for a variety of applications, focusing on motive power (material handling and 
buses) and stationary power (backup power and distributed generation) markets. We also 
provide engineering services for a variety of fuel cell applications. 

A fuel cell is an environmentally clean electrochemical device that combines hydrogen fuel 
with oxygen (from the air) to produce electricity. The hydrogen fuel can be obtained from 
natural  gas,  kerosene,  methanol  or  other  hydrocarbon  fuels,  or  from  water  through 
electrolysis.  Ballard  fuel  cell  products  feature  high  fuel  efficiency,  low  operating 
temperature, low noise and vibration, compact size, quick response to changes in electrical 
demand,  modular  design  and  environmental  cleanliness.  Embedded  in  each  Ballard  PEM 
fuel cell product lies a stack of unit cells designed with our proprietary esenciaTM technology 
which draws on intellectual property from our patent portfolio together with our extensive 
experience  in  key  areas  of  fuel  cell  stack  operation,  system  integration,  and  fuel 
processing. 

We provide our customers with the positive economic and environmental benefits unique to 
fuel cell power. We plan to build value for our shareholders by developing, manufacturing, 
selling and servicing industry-leading fuel cell products to meet the needs of our customers 
in  select  target  markets.  Our  focus  is  on  leveraging  the  inherent  reliability  and  durability 
derived  from  our  legacy  automotive  technology  into  non-automotive  markets  where 
demand is near term and on our core competencies of PEM fuel cell design, development, 
manufacture, sales and service. 

Our business strategy is to establish a sharp focus on key growth opportunities with near-
term  commercial  prospects  in  our  core  fuel  cell  markets,  enhanced  by  our  engineering 
services  operating  unit  to  leverage  our  expertise  in  fuel  cell  design,  prototyping, 
manufacturing  and  servicing.  To  support  our  business  strategy  and  our  capability  to 
execute  on  our  clean  energy  growth  priorities,  we  have  also  focused  our  efforts  on  both 
product cost reduction and managing our operating expense base including overall expense 
reductions,  the  pursuit  of  government  funding  for  our  research  and  product  development 
efforts, and the redirection of engineering resources to revenue bearing engineering service 
projects.  

We  are  based  in  Canada,  with  head  office,  research  and  development,  testing  and 
manufacturing  facilities  in  Burnaby,  British  Columbia.  We  also  utilize  a  manufacturing 

Page 1 of 38 

 
facility  in  Tijuana,  Mexico  (as  of  January  1,  2013),  research  and  development  facilities  in 
Oregon and Maryland, and sales, manufacturing, and research and development facilities in 
Hobro, Denmark and Lowell, Massachusetts (disposed of on January 31, 2013).  

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 

On January 31, 2013, we completed an agreement to sell substantially all of the assets in 
our  Lowell,  Massachusetts  based  Material  Products  division  for  gross  cash  proceeds  of 
$10.5  million  and  additional  potential  proceeds  of  up  to  $1.5  million.  The  additional 
proceeds  of  up  to  $1.5  million  are  payable  in  2014  and  2015  (through  a  GDL  product 
credit)  if  the  former  Material  Products  division  attains  certain  financial  results  in  2013.  As 
we were committed to the disposition of the Material Products segment as of December 31, 
2012, the Material Products segment has been classified as a discontinued operation in our 
2012  consolidated  financial  statements.  As  such,  the  assets  of  the  Material  Products 
segment  have  been  classified  as  “assets  held  for  sale”  and  have  been  measured  at  the 
lower  of  (i)  carrying  amount  and (ii)  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell.  Furthermore,  the  annual 
operating  results  of  the  Material  Products  segment  for  both  2012  and  2011  have  been 
removed  from  continuing  operating  results  and  are  instead  presented  separately  in  the 
statement of comprehensive income as income from discontinued operations.   

On August 1, 2012 (announced on July 24, 2012), we completed an agreement to acquire 
key  assets  and  product  lines  from  IdaTech  LLC  (“Idatech”),  a  customer  of  Ballard  for  the 
past several years. In exchange for $7.5 million of Ballard shares issued from treasury (7.1 
million  Ballard  shares  valued  at  $1.05  per  share  based  on  our  share  price  as  of  the 
acquisition  date),  we  acquired  Idatech’s  key  assets  including  fuel  cell  systems  inventory, 
prepaid  rights  to  inventory,  product  lines  for  backup  power  applications,  distributor  and 
customer  relationships,  a  license  to  intellectual  property,  the  right  to  assume  control  of  a 
manufacturing  facility  in  Tijuana,  Mexico,  and  certain  property,  plant  and  equipment. 
Acquired  fuel  cell  systems  inventory,  prepaid  rights  to  inventory,  product  lines  and 
intellectual property consist of both direct hydrogen units as well as methanol fuelled units 
and are designed for deployment as emergency backup power in the networks of wireless 
telecom  service  providers.  The  methanol  systems  incorporate  a  fuel  reformer  to  extract 
hydrogen  from  a  mixture  of  methanol  and  water  which  is  then  used  as  feedstock  for  the 
fuel cells.   

In  July  2012,  we  completed  a  7%  workforce  reduction  and  an  overall  curtailment  of 
discretionary  spending  designed  to  have  a  minimal  impact  on  key  product  development 
initiatives and our manufacturing capabilities. Total restructuring and related costs of $1.6 
million  has  been  recorded  in  general  and  administration  expense  in  our  third  quarter  of 
2012 financial results.  

In  June  2011,  we  obtained  an  $7.0  million  Canadian  (revised  to  $7.3  million  Canadian  in 
December  2012)  award  agreement  from  Sustainable  Development  Technology  Canada 
(“SDTC”)  for  the  period  from  2011  to  2013  (extended  to  2014)  to  be  used  to  extend  the 
operating life and lower the product cost of FCgen™-1300, the fuel cell product that powers 
Ballard’s  CLEARgen™  distributed  generation  system.  This  award  is  in  addition  to  a  $4.8 
million  Canadian  (revised  to  $6.9  million  Canadian  in  June  2012)  award  agreement  from 
SDTC announced in 2010 for the period from 2010 to 2012 (extended to November 2013) 
to be used to further develop fuel cell power module technology for the transit bus market. 
These  awards  are  recorded  primarily  as  a  cost  offset  against  our  research  and  product 
development expenses as the expenses are incurred on these programs.  

Page 2 of 38 

 
In  March  2011,  we  completed  a  sub-lease  agreement  with  Mercedes-Benz  Canada  Inc. 
(“MBC”)  for  the  rental  of  21,000  square  feet  of  previously  used  consolidated  production 
space  in  our  specialized  fuel  cell  manufacturing  facility  located  in  Burnaby,  British 
Columbia.  This  sub-lease  is  effective  from  August  1,  2011  until  July  31,  2019  and  is 
expected to result in annual savings of approximately $1 million in real estate and related 
overhead costs.  

OPERATING SEGMENTS 

We report our results in the following operating segments: 

1.  Fuel  Cell  Products:  fuel  cell  products  and  services  for  motive  power  (material  handling 
and bus markets) and stationary power (backup power and distributed generation markets) 
applications, and engineering services for a variety of fuel cell applications; and 

2.  Contract  Automotive:  contract  manufacturing  services  (consisting  of  light-duty 
automotive  FCvelocity  1100  fuel  cell  products)  provided  primarily  for  Daimler  AG’s 
(“Daimler”)  Hyway  2/3  programs.  With  the  completion  of  our  manufacturing  supply 
agreement with Daimler in October 2011, this segment ceased to be an ongoing operating 
segment as of the fourth quarter of 2011 and is now presented for comparative purposes 
only. 

3.  Material  Products  (Discontinued  Operation):  carbon  fiber  products  primarily  for 
automotive transmissions and gas diffusion layers (“GDLs”) for fuel cells. As a result of the 
disposition of this segment on January 31, 2013, the Material Products segment has been 
classified as a discontinued operation as of December 31, 2012. 

Page 3 of 38 

 
SELECTED ANNUAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION  

Results of Operations 

Year ended, 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share 

amounts and gross margin %)  

From continuing operations  

Revenues  

Gross margin  

Gross margin %  

Cash Operating Costs (1) 

Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

Normalized Net Loss (1)  

Normalized Net Loss per share 

Net loss from continuing operations attributable to Ballard  

Net loss per share attributable to Ballard, basic and diluted  

From discontinued operations 

Revenues  

Gross margin  

Gross margin %  

Cash Operating Costs (1) 

Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations 

Total  

Revenues  

Gross margin  

Gross margin %  

Cash Operating Costs (1) 

Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

Net loss attributable to Ballard 

Net loss per share attributable to Ballard, basic and diluted  

Financial Position  

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)  

Assets from continuing operations  

Assets from discontinued operations  

Total assets   

Cash and cash equivalents  

Short-term investments  

Bank operating line 

2012 

2011 

2010  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

43,690 

7,369 

17% 

30,301 

(22,076) 

(31,500) 

(0.36) 

(42,070) 

(0.48) 

15,540 

4,381 

28% 

1,889 

3,580 

(65) 

59,230 

11,750 

20% 

32,190 

(18,496) 

(42,135) 

(0.48) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

55,773 

7,279 

13% 

36,969 

(27,913) 

(35,448) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

44,055 

1,670 

4% 

40,258 

(34,011) 

(45,723) 

(0.42) 

$        (0.54) 

(37,175) 

(0.44) 

20,236 

6,606 

33% 

2,333 

5,618 

3,755 

76,009 

13,885 

18% 

39,302 

(22,295) 

(33,420) 

(0.40) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(37,691) 

(0.45) 

20,964 

8,462 

40% 

1,820 

7,848 

6,159 

65,019 

10,132 

16% 

42,078 

(26,163) 

(31,532) 

(0.37) 

At December 31, 

2012 

2011 

2010  

116,749 

$  165,290 

10,798 

$ 

- 

$ 

$ 

190,027 

- 

127,547 

$  165,290 

  $  190,027 

9,770 

12,068 

(9,358) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

20,316 

25,878 

(4,587) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

51,937 

22,508 

- 

Net cash reserves  
$ 
1   Cash Operating Costs, Adjusted EBITDA, Normalized Net Loss and Normalized Net Loss per share are non-GAAP measures. We use certain Non-GAAP 
measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-GAAP measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are 
therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP 
Measures section. 

12,480 

41,607 

74,445 

$ 

$ 

Page 4 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
2012 Performance compared to 2012 Revised Business Outlook 

•  Revenues from continuing and discontinued operations in 2012 of $59.2 million, was 
consistent with our revised outlook from October 9, 2012 of revenues in 2012 of 
approximately $60 million. 

•  Adjusted EBITDA from continuing and discontinued operations in 2012 of ($18.5) 
million, was consistent with our revised outlook from October 9, 2012 of Adjusted 
EBITDA in 2012 of approximately ($18) million. 

RESULTS OF CONTINUING OPERATIONS – Fourth Quarter of 2012 

Revenue and gross margin (from continuing operations) 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ Change 

% Change 

Fuel Cell Products  

$ 

16,476 

$ 

16,872 

$ 

Contract Automotive 

  Revenues 

Cost of goods sold 

- 

16,476 

12,789 

101 

16,973 

14,030 

Gross Margin 

$ 

3,687 

$ 

2,943 

  $ 

Gross Margin %  

22% 

17% 

(396) 

(101) 

(497) 

(1,241) 

744 

n/a 

(2%) 

(100%) 

(3%) 

(9%) 

25% 

5 pts 

Revenues  from  continuing  operations  of  $16.5  million  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012 
declined  (3%),  or  ($0.5)  million,  compared  to  the  fourth  quarter  of  2011  primarily  as  a 
result of slight declines in our Fuel Cell Products segment. 

In our core Fuel Cell Products segment, fourth quarter of 2012 revenues were down slightly 
as declines in Motive power and distributed generation revenues were only partially offset 
by  higher  backup  power  and  engineering  services  revenues.  The  decline  in  Motive  power 
revenues was driven by lower fuel cell bus revenues as new fourth quarter of 2012 heavy-
duty  bus  shipments  to  Van  Hool  NV  and  others  were  significantly  lower  than  2011 
shipments to Van Hool NV and UNDP-EMTU Brazil and were also negatively impacted by the 
completion of our fuel cell bus manufacturing supply agreement with a Daimler subsidiary 
in  October  2011  ($0.4  million  impact),  combined  with  lower  material  handling  market 
revenues  as  a  result  of  a  decline  in  shipments  in  support  of  Plug  Power  Inc.’s GenDrive™ 
systems.  These  declines  were  partially  offset  by  significantly  higher  backup  power  market 
revenues  and  higher  engineering  services  revenues.  The  increase  in  backup  power 
revenues  is  as  a  result  of  new  shipments  of  hydrogen-based  and  methanol-based  backup 
power  systems  due  to  our  recent  acquisition  of  Idatech’s  key  assets  (impact  of 
approximately  $3.0  million)  combined  with  an  increase  in  shipments  of  hydrogen-based 
backup  power  stacks.  The  increase  in  engineering  services  revenues  is  a  result  of  our 
increased  focus  on  building  our  engineering  services  business  including  ongoing  projects 
with Anglo American Platinum Limited and others.  

Gross  margins  from  continuing  operations  increased  to  $3.7  million,  or  22%  of  revenues, 
for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012,  compared  to  $2.9  million,  or  17%  of  revenues,  for  the 
fourth quarter of 2011. The overall increase and improvement in gross margin was driven 
primarily  by  increased  work  performed  on  higher  margin  engineering  services  projects  at 
both  Ballard  and  Dantherm  Power,  by  significant  sales  of  hydrogen-based  and  methanol-
based  backup  power  systems  acquired  from  Idatech,  and  by  our  ongoing  product  cost 

Page 5 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
reduction efforts across all of our platforms.  

The  following  table  provides  a  summary  of  our  fourth  quarter  fuel  cell  stack  and  system 
shipments: 

  Material handling  

  Backup power  

  Other  

Fuel Cell Stack Shipments   

Fuel Cell System Shipments   

Three months ended December 31, 

2011 

  % Change 

799 

124 

19 

942 

75 

(41%) 

152% 

(84%) 

(17%)  

172% 

2012 

468 

313 

3 

784 

204 

Cash Operating Costs (from continuing operations) 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ Change 

% Change 

Research and Product  
  Development (operating cost) 
General and Administrative 
(operating cost) 
Sales and Marketing expense 

Operating costs 
Less: Stock-based compensation 
(expense) recovery 

Cash Operating Costs 

$ 

4,228 

$ 

4,084 

$ 

144 

2,709 

1,951 

8,888 

(1,555) 

2,100 

1,695 

7,879 

322 

609 

256 

1,009 

(1,877) 

$ 

7,333 

$ 

8,201 

$ 

(868) 

4% 

29% 

15% 

13% 

(583%) 

(11%) 

Cash Operating Costs is a non-GAAP measure. We use certain Non-GAAP measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-GAAP measures 
do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other 
companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures section. Cash Operating Costs adjusts operating expenses for stock-
based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization, restructuring charges, acquisition costs and financing charges. 

Cash Operating Costs (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures) from continuing operations 
for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  were  $7.3  million,  a  decline  of  ($0.9)  million,  or  (11%), 
compared to the fourth quarter of 2011. The 11% reduction in the fourth quarter of 2012 
was driven by lower operating costs across the business as a result  of our continued cost 
reduction  efforts  including  a  7%  workforce  reduction  initiated  in  July  2012,  and  by  lower 
research and product development expense due to the redirection of engineering resources 
to  revenue  bearing  engineering  service  projects.  Labour  and  material  costs  incurred  on 
revenue producing engineering services projects are reallocated from research and product 
development expenses to cost of goods sold.  

As  the  Canadian  dollar  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar  was  relatively  consistent  for  the  fourth 
quarter of 2012 compared to the fourth quarter of 2011, foreign exchange impacts on our 
Canadian operating cost base were relatively  insignificant. A 1% increase  in the Canadian 
dollar,  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar,  negatively  impacts  annual  Cash  Operating  Costs  and 
Adjusted EBITDA by approximately $0.3 million to $0.4 million. 

While  excluded  from  Cash  Operating  Costs,  stock-based  compensation  expense  declined 
significantly in the fourth quarter of 2011 to a recovery position, as a result of a downward 
adjustment to accrued share-based compensation expense as certain outstanding restricted 
share units failed to meet the vesting criteria and were cancelled.  

Adjusted EBITDA (from continuing operations) 

Page 6 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change  %   Change 

Adjusted EBITDA  

$ 

(3,222) 

$ 

(4,875) 

$ 

1,653 

34% 

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. We use certain Non-GAAP measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-GAAP 
measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by 
other companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures section. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA for stock-based 
compensation expense, transactional gains and losses, finance and other income, and acquisition costs. 

Adjusted  EBITDA  (see  Supplemental  Non-GAAP  Measures)  from  continuing  operations  for 
the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  was  ($3.2)  million,  an  improvement  of  $1.7  million,  or  34%, 
compared to the fourth quarter of 2011.  

The $1.7 million reduction in Adjusted EBITDA loss in the fourth quarter of 2012 was driven 
by  gross  margin  improvements  of  $0.7  million  as  margins  improved  on  a  percentage  of 
revenue  basis  from  17%  to  22%  primarily  as  a  result  of  increased  work  performed  on 
higher margin engineering services projects, combined with lower Cash Operating Costs of 
$0.9  million  primarily  as  a  result  of  the  redirection  of  engineering  resources  to  revenue 
bearing engineering service projects and our continued cost optimization efforts across the 
business.  

Net loss attributable to Ballard (from continuing operations) 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change  %   Change 

Net loss attributable to Ballard from 

$ 

(16,809) 

$ 

(7,969) 

$ 

(8,840) 

(111%) 

continuing operations  

Net  loss  attributable  to  Ballard  from  continuing  operations  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012 
was  ($16.8)  million,  or  ($0.18)  per  share,  compared  to  a  net  loss  of  ($8.0)  million,  or 
($0.09) per share, in the fourth quarter of 2011. The ($8.8) million increase in net loss for 
the fourth quarter of 2012 was driven by a Fuel Cell Products goodwill impairment charge 
of ($10.0) million. Net loss from  continuing operations in the fourth quarters of 2012 and 
2011 also include impairment charges related to a write-down of manufacturing equipment 
of ($0.6) million and ($1.7) million, respectively.  

Excluding  the  impact  of  these  impairment  charges  in  continuing  operations  of  ($10.6) 
million  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  and  ($1.7)  million  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2011, 
Normalized Net Loss (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures) in the fourth quarter of 2012 
would have been comparable to the fourth quarter of 2011. 

Page 7 of 38 

 
 
  
 
 
  
 
Net loss attributable to Ballard from continuing operations excludes the net loss attributed 
to the non-controlling interest of Dantherm A/S and Danfoss A/S in the losses of Dantherm 
Power  as  a  result  of  their  48%  total  equity  interest  in  2012  and  2011,  and  the  results  of 
discontinued  operations.  Net  loss  attributed  to  non-controlling  interests  for  the  fourth 
quarter of 2012 was ($0.5) million, as compared to ($0.3) million for the fourth quarter of 
2011.  Net  loss  from  discontinued  operations  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  was  ($1.3) 
million, as compared to net income for the fourth quarter of 2011 of $0.7 million. Net loss 
from discontinued operations in the fourth quarter of 2012 includes a goodwill impairment 
charge  of  ($1.8)  million  and  a  write-down  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  of  ($0.5) 
million. 

Cash used in operating activities 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Three months ended December 31, 

Cash (used in) provided by operating 

$ 

(535) 

$ 

4,066 

activities   

2012 

2011 

 $ 

$ 

Change  %   Change 

(4,601) 

(113%) 

Cash  used  in  operating  activities  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  was  ($0.5)  million, 
consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of  ($2.4)  million  partially  offset  by  net  working  capital 
inflows of $1.9 million. Cash provided by operating activities in the fourth quarter of 2011 
was  $4.1  million,  consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of  ($4.7)  million  and  net  working 
capital inflows of $8.8 million.  

The  ($4.6)  million  increase  in  cash  used  by  operating  activities  in  the  fourth  quarter  of 
2012,  as  compared  to  the  fourth  quarter  of  2011,  was  driven  by  reduced  working  capital 
inflows  of  ($6.9)  million  partially  offset  by  an  decrease  in  cash  operating  losses  of  $2.3 
million. The reduction in cash operating losses of $2.3 million is primarily a result of a $1.8 
million  improvement  in  Adjusted  EBITDA  loss  from  both  continuing  and  discontinued 
operations. In the fourth quarter of 2012, net working capital cash  inflows of $1.9 million 
were  driven  by  lower  inventory  of  $5.4  million  as  we  consumed  previously  built-up  or 
acquired inventory in order to fulfill the higher product shipments in the fourth quarter, and 
by  higher  deferred  revenue  and  cost  recovery  of  $0.9  million  as  we  received  the  next 
tranches  of  SDTC  government  funding  for  our  distributed  generation  and  bus  projects  in 
advance  of  incurring  the  related  research  and  product  development  expenditures.  These 
fourth  quarter  of  2012  working  capital  inflows  were  partially  offset  by  higher  accounts 
receivable of ($2.5) million due primarily to the timing of shipment versus collection of our 
fuel  cell  product  and  service  revenues,  and  by  lower  accounts  payable  and  accrued 
liabilities  of  ($2.6)  million  due  to  increased  supplier  payments  made  for  higher  first  three 
quarter of 2012 inventory purchases.  

RESULTS OF CONTINUING OPERATIONS – Year ended December 31, 2012 

Page 8 of 38 

 
 
  
 
Revenue and gross margin (from continuing operations) 

 (Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Years ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ Change 

% Change 

Fuel Cell Products  

$ 

43,690 

$ 

46,468 

$ 

Contract Automotive 

  Revenues 

Cost of goods sold 

- 

43,690 

36,321 

9,305 

55,773 

48,494 

Gross Margin 

$ 

7,369 

$ 

7,279 

  $ 

Gross Margin %  

17% 

13% 

(2,778) 

(9,305) 

(12,083) 

(12,173) 

90 

n/a 

(6%) 

(100%) 

(22%) 

(25%) 

1% 

4pts 

Revenues from continuing operations of $43.7 million for 2012 declined (22%), or ($12.1) 
million,  compared  to  2011.  The  ($12.1)  million  decline  was  driven  by  the  absence  of 
Contract Automotive segment revenues ($9.3 million impact) as a result of the completion 
of  our  light-duty  automotive  manufacturing  supply  agreement  with  Daimler  in  October 
2011 and by lower revenues of $(2.8) million in our core Fuel Cell Products segment. 

In our core Fuel Cell Products segment, 2012 revenues declined (6%), or ($2.8) million, to 
$43.7  million  compared  to  2011,  primarily  as  a  result  of  significantly  lower  fuel  cell  bus 
revenues  combined  with  slightly  lower  material  handling  and  distributed  generation 
revenues. The significant decline in fuel cell bus revenues was driven by the completion of 
our  fuel  cell  bus  manufacturing  supply  agreement  with  a  Daimler  subsidiary  in  October 
2011  ($8.7  million  impact),  combined  with  lower  shipments  of  heavy-duty  fuel  cell  bus 
modules  primarily  as  a  result  of  a  lack  of  shipments  in  2012  to  Brazil.  This  decline  was 
partially offset by significant increases in both our backup power and engineering services 
revenues.  The  significant  increase  in  backup  power  revenues  is  as  a  result  of  new 
shipments  of  hydrogen-based  and  methanol-based  backup  power  systems  due  to  our 
recent acquisition of Idatech’s key assets (impact of approximately $5.1 million), combined 
with  an  increase  in  shipments  of  hydrogen-based  backup  power  systems  at  Dantherm 
Power,  and  by  relatively  stable  shipments  of  hydrogen-based  backup  power  stacks.  The 
increase in engineering services revenues is a result of our increased focus on building our 
engineering  services  business  including  ongoing  projects  with  Anglo  American  Platinum 
Limited and others.  

Gross  margins  from  continuing  operations  increased  to  $7.4  million,  or  17%  of  revenues, 
for 2012, compared to $7.3 million, or 13% of revenues, for 2011. The overall increase and 
improvement in gross margin was driven primarily by increased work performed on higher 
margin  engineering  services  projects  at  both  Ballard  and  Dantherm  Power,  by  significant 
sales  of  hydrogen-based  and  methanol-based  backup  power  systems  acquired  from 
Idatech, and by our ongoing product cost reduction efforts across all of our platforms.  

The following table provides a summary of our fuel cell stack and system shipments for the 
year: 

  Material handling  

  Backup power  

  Other  

Fuel Cell Stack Shipments   

Fuel Cell System Shipments  

2012 

2,022 

667 

12 

2,701 

399 

Years ended December 31, 

2011 

1,422 

1,238 

396 

3,056 

145 

  % Change 

42% 

(46%) 

(97%) 

(12%) 

175% 

Page 9 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash Operating Costs (from continuing operations) 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Years ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ Change 

% Change 

Research and Product  
  Development (operating cost) 
General and Administrative 
(operating cost)  
Sales and Marketing expense 

Operating costs 
Less: Stock-based compensation 
expense 

Cash Operating Costs 

$  16,680 

$ 

21,038 

$ 

(4,358) 

9,302 

6,901 

32,883 

9,793 

8,515 

39,346 

(491) 

(1,614) 

(6,463) 

(2,582) 

(2,377) 

(205) 

$  30,301 

$ 

36,969 

$ 

(6,668) 

(21%) 

(5%) 

(19%) 

(16%) 

(9%) 

(18%) 

Cash Operating Costs is a non-GAAP measure. We use certain Non-GAAP measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-GAAP measures 
do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other 
companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures section. Cash Operating Costs adjusts operating expenses for stock-
based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization, restructuring charges, acquisition costs and financing charges. 

Cash Operating Costs (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures) from continuing operations 
for 2012 were $30.3 million, a decline of $6.7 million, or 18%, compared to 2011. The 18% 
reduction  in  2012  was  driven  by  lower  operating  costs  across  the  business  as  a  result  of 
our  continued  cost  reduction  efforts  including  a  7%  workforce  reduction  initiated  in  July 
2012,  lower  research  and  product  development  expense  due  to  the  redirection  of 
engineering  resources  to  revenue  bearing  engineering  service  projects,  the  receipt  of 
government  funding  for  certain  of  our  research  and  product  development  efforts,  and  by 
lower sales and marketing expense due to a corporate leadership restructuring initiated in 
September 2011. Government research funding is reflected as a cost offset to research and 
product  development  expenses,  whereas  labour  and  material  costs  incurred  on  revenue 
producing  engineering  services  projects  are  reallocated  from  research  and  product 
development expenses to cost of goods sold.  

As  the  Canadian  dollar  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar  was  relatively  consistent  for  2012 
compared  to  2011,  foreign  exchange  impacts  on  our  Canadian  operating  cost  base  were 
relatively  insignificant.  A  1%  increase  in  the  Canadian  dollar,  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar, 
negatively  impacts  annual  Cash  Operating  Costs  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  by  approximately 
$0.3 million to $0.4 million. 

Adjusted EBITDA (from continuing operations) 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Years ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change  %   Change 

Adjusted EBITDA  

$ 

(22,076) 

$ 

(27,913) 

$ 

5,837 

21% 

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. We use certain Non-GAAP measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-GAAP 
measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by 
other companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures section. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA for stock-based 
compensation expense, transactional gains and losses, finance and other income, and acquisition costs. 

Adjusted  EBITDA  (see  Supplemental  Non-GAAP  Measures)  from  continuing  operations  for 
2012 was ($22.1) million, an improvement of $5.8 million, or 21%, compared to 2011. The 
$5.8 million reduction in Adjusted EBITDA loss in 2012 was driven by lower Cash Operating 
Costs of $6.7 million due primarily to lower operating costs across the business as a result 
of our continued cost reduction efforts including a 7% workforce reduction initiated in July 
2012,  and  by  lower  research  and  product  development  expense  primarily  due  to  the 
redirection of engineering resources to revenue bearing engineering service projects. Total 
gross  margin  was  consistent  year  over  year  despite  the  22%  decline  in  revenues  from 
continuing operations as margins improved on a percentage of revenue basis from 13% to 

Page 10 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
17%  primarily  as  a  result  of  increased  work  performed  on  higher  margin  engineering 
services  projects,  and  by  our  ongoing  product  cost  reduction  efforts  across  all  of  our 
platforms. These improvements in Adjusted EBITDA were partially offset by an increase in 
restructuring charges of ($0.5) million from ($1.4) million in 2011 to ($1.9) million in 2012.  

As part of our focus on cost optimization, we have taken steps to reduce our cost base in 
both  2012  and  2011.  In  addition  to  the  measures  taken  in  April  2012  to  reduce  our 
manufacturing  overhead  cost  pool,  we  completed  a  7%  workforce  reduction  in  July  2012 
along  with  other  cost  reduction  activities.  During  2011,  we  completed  a  corporate 
leadership restructuring in September 2011 and a Dantherm Power leadership restructuring 
in  March  2011.  These  actions  have  resulted  in  the  above  noted  restructuring  charges  of 
($1.9) million in 2012 and ($1.4) million in 2011. 

Net loss attributable to Ballard (from continuing operations) 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Twelve months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change  %   Change 

Net loss attributable to Ballard  

$ 

(42,070) 

$ 

(37,175) 

$ 

(4,985) 

(13%) 

Net loss from continuing operations attributable to Ballard for 2012 was ($42.1) million, or 
($0.48) per share, compared to net loss of ($37.2) million, or ($0.44) per share, in 2011. 
The ($5.0) million increase in net loss for 2012 was driven by a Fuel Cell Products goodwill 
impairment  charge  of  ($10.0)  million  which  more  than  offset  improvements  in  Adjusted 
EBITDA  loss  of  $5.8  million.  Net  loss  from  continuing  operations  in  2012  and  2011  also 
includes impairment charges related to a write-down of manufacturing equipment of ($0.6) 
million and ($1.7) million, respectively.  

Excluding  the  impact  of  these  impairment  charges  in  continuing  operations  of  ($10.6) 
million  in  2012  and  ($1.7)  million  in  2011,  Normalized  Net  Loss  (see  Supplemental  Non-
GAAP  Measures)  in  2012  would  have  improved  by  $4.0  million,  or  11%,  as  compared  to 
2011.  

Net loss from continuing operations attributable to Ballard excludes the net loss attributed 
to the non-controlling interest of Dantherm A/S and Danfoss A/S in the losses of Dantherm 
Power  as  a  result  of  their  48%  total  equity  interest  in  2012  and  2011,  and  the  results  of 
discontinued  operations.  Net  loss  attributed  to  non-controlling  interests  for  2012  was 
($1.3)  million,  as  compared  to  ($2.7)  million  for  2011.  The  reduced  loss  in  2012  at 
Dantherm  Power  is  primarily  a  result  of  improved  gross  margins  combined  with  lower 
operating  costs  as  a  result  of  our  continued  cost  reduction  efforts.  Net  loss  from 
discontinued operations in 2012 was ($0.1) million, as compared to net income in 2011 of 
$3.8 million. Net loss from discontinued operations in 2012 includes a goodwill impairment 
charge  of  ($1.8)  million  and  a  write-down  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  of  ($0.5) 
million. 

Cash used in operating activities 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Twelve months ended December 31, 

Cash used in operating activities   

$ 

(28,146) 

$ 

(33,221)

2012 

2011 

 $ 

$ 

Change  %   Change 

5,075 

15% 

Cash used in operating activities in 2012 was ($28.1) million, consisting of cash operating 
losses  of  ($22.2)  million  and  working  capital  requirements  of  ($5.9)  million.  Cash  used  in 
operating  activities  in  2011  was  ($33.2)  million,  consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of 

Page 11 of 38 

 
 
  
 
 
  
 
($26.5)  million  and  working  capital  requirements  of  ($6.7)  million.  The  $5.1  million,  or 
15%, decline in cash used by operating activities in 2012 as compared to 2011 was driven 
by reductions in cash operating losses of $4.3 million combined with lower working capital 
requirements of $0.8 million. 

The  reduction  in  cash  operating  losses  of  $4.3  million  is  primarily  a  result  of  the  17%,  or 
$3.8  million,  improvement  in  Adjusted  EBITDA  from  both  continuing  and  discontinued 
operations.  Total  working  capital  requirements  of  ($5.9)  million  in  2012  were  driven  by 
lower  accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  of  ($10.5)  million  due  to  increased  supplier 
payments made for higher fourth quarter of 2011 and first three quarter of 2012 inventory 
purchases combined with the payment of accrued 2011 annual employee bonuses, partially 
offset  by  lower  inventory  of  $4.4  million  as  we  consumed  previously  built-up  or  acquired 
inventory in order to fulfill the higher product shipments in the fourth quarter of 2012.  

RESULTS OF DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS – Fourth Quarter of 2012 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Three months ended December 31, 

Revenues  

$ 

Cost of goods sold 

  Gross margin 

Operating expenses 
Impairment charge on 
property, plant and 
equipment 
Impairment charge on 
goodwill 
Income taxes 

Net earnings (loss) 
from discontinued 
operations 

2012 

4,783 

3,265 

1,518 

(495) 

(500) 

(1,815) 

(7) 

$ 

2011 

4,023 

2,824 

1,199 

(488) 

- 

- 

(30) 

$ Change 

% Change 

$ 

760 

441 

319 

19% 

16% 

27% 

(7) 

               (1%) 

(500) 

(100%) 

(1,815) 

(100%) 

23 

                77% 

$ 

(1,299) 

$ 

681 

  $ 

(1,980) 

                 (291%) 

Revenues from the discontinued Material Products segment in the fourth quarter of 2012 of 
$4.8 million increased 19%, or $0.8 million, as a result of higher shipments of fuel cell GDL 
products and relatively stable shipments of carbon friction material products.   

Impairment  charges  in  2012  were  determined  based  on  a  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell 
assessment  which  compared  the  segment’s  carrying  value  at  December  31,  2012  to  the 
actual  net  proceeds  received  on  disposition  on  January  31,  2013.  As  a  result  of  this 
assessment,  we  recorded  a  ($1.8)  million  write-off  of  Material  Products  goodwill  and  a 
($0.5) million write-down of property, plant and equipment in the fourth quarter of 2012. 

RESULTS OF DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS – Year ended December 31, 2012 

Page 12 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 (Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Years ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ Change 

% Change 

Revenues  

$ 

15,540 

$ 

20,236 

$ 

Cost of goods sold 

  Gross margin 

Operating expenses 
Impairment charge on 
property, plant and 
equipment 
Impairment charge on 
goodwill 
Income taxes 

Net earnings (loss) 
from discontinued 
operations 

11,159 

4,381 

(2,053) 

(500) 

(1,815) 

(78) 

13,630 

6,606 

(2,602) 

- 

- 

(249) 

(4,696) 

(2,471) 

(2,225) 

549 

(23%) 

(18%) 

(34%) 

21% 

(500) 

(100%) 

(1,815) 

171 

(100%) 

69% 

$ 

(65) 

$ 

3,755 

  $ 

(3,820) 

(102%) 

Revenues  from  the  discontinued  Material  Products  segment  in  2012  of  $15.5  million  were 
down (23%), or ($4.7) million as a result of lower shipments of both fuel cell GDL products 
and  carbon  friction  material  products.  Fuel  cell  GDL  product  shipments  were  negatively 
impacted  by  ongoing  technical  issues  experienced  by  a  third  party  fuel  cell  customer 
unrelated  to  our  GDL  products,  whereas  carbon  friction  material  product  shipments  were 
negatively impacted by the timing of customer programs and inventory levels. 

Impairment  charges  in  2012  were  determined  based  on  a  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell 
assessment  which  compared  the  segment’s  carrying  value  at  December  31,  2012  to  the 
actual  net  proceeds  received  on  disposition  on  January  31,  2013.  As  a  result  of  this 
assessment,  we  recorded  a  ($1.8)  million  write-off  of  Material  Products  goodwill  and  a 
($0.5) million write-down of property, plant and equipment in the fourth quarter of 2012. 

OPERATING EXPENSES AND OTHER ITEMS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Research and product development expenses 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Research and product development 

Research and product development expense  

Less: depreciation and amortization expense 

Research and product development (operating 

cost) 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Research and product development 

Research and product development expense  

Less: depreciation and amortization expense 

Research and product development (operating 

cost) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

4,677 

(449) 

4,228 

2012 

19,273 

(2,593) 

16,680 

$  

$ 

$ 

$  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2011 

$  

Change 

%   Change 

5,041 

(957) 

4,084 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(364) 

508 

144 

(7%) 

53% 

4% 

Years ended December 31, 

2011 

$  

Change 

%   Change 

24,896 

(3,858) 

21,038 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(5,623) 

1,265 

(4,358) 

(23%) 

33% 

(21%) 

Research  and  product  development  expenses  for  the  three  months  ended  December 
31,  2012  were  $4.7  million,  a  decrease  of  ($0.4)  million,  or  7%,  compared  to  the 
corresponding  period  of  2011.  Excluding  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  of  ($0.4) 
million  and  ($1.0)  million,  respectively,  research  and  product  development  expense  was 
effectively  flat  compared  to  the  fourth  quarter  of  2011.  Reductions  in  2012  as  a  result  of 
the  redirection  of  engineering  resources  to  revenue  bearing  engineering  service  projects 

Page 13 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
were  offset  by  higher  share-based  compensation  expense  due  to  a  downward  adjustment 
to  accrued  share-based  compensation  expense  for  2011  that  was  recorded  in  the  fourth 
quarter of 2011.  

Research and product development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 were 
$19.3  million,  a  decrease  of  ($5.6)  million,  or  23%,  compared  to  2011.  Excluding 
depreciation  and  amortization  expense  of  ($2.6)  million  and  ($3.9)  million,  respectively, 
research  and  product  development  expense  declined  ($4.4)  million,  or  21%,  compared  to 
2011. The 21% reduction in 2012 was primarily as a result of the redirection of engineering 
resources  to  revenue  bearing  engineering  service  projects,  by  the  receipt  of  government 
funding  for  certain  of  our  research  and  product  development  efforts,  and  by  lower 
operating costs across the business due to our continued cost reduction efforts including a 
7%  workforce  reduction  initiated  in  July  2012,  partially  offset  by  higher  share-based 
compensation expense in 2012.  

Government  research  funding  is  reflected  as  a  cost  offset  to  research  and  product 
development  expenses,  whereas  labour  and  material  costs  incurred  on  revenue  producing 
engineering  services  projects  are  reallocated  from  research  and  product  development 
expenses to cost of goods sold. 

General and administrative expenses 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

General and administrative 

General and administrative expense  

Less: Depreciation and amortization expense 

Less: Restructuring charges 

Less: Acquisition and integration costs 

Less: Financing charges   

General and administrative (operating cost) 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

General and administrative 

General and administrative expense  

Less: Depreciation and amortization expense 

Less: Restructuring charges 

Less: Acquisition and integration costs 

Less: Financing charges   

General and administrative (operating cost) 

$  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2012 

3,419 

(55) 

- 

(91) 

(564) 

2,709 

Three months ended December 31, 

2011 

$  

Change 

%   Change 

$  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2,256 

(77) 

(79) 

- 

- 

2,100 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

1,163 

22 

79 

(91) 

(564) 

609 

Years ended December 31, 

52% 

29% 

100% 

n/a 

n/a 

29% 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change 

%   Change 

12,306 

$  

11,455 

(235) 

(1,931) 

(274) 

(564) 

9,302 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(306) 

(1,356) 

- 

- 

9,793 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

851 

71 

(575) 

(274) 

(564) 

(491) 

7% 

23% 

(42%) 

n/a 

n/a 

(5%) 

General  and  administrative  expenses  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2012 
were  $3.4  million,  an  increase  of  $1.2  million,  or  52%,  compared  to  the  corresponding 
period  of  2011.  Excluding  acquisition  and  integration  costs  related  to  the  Idatech 
acquisition  of  ($0.1)  million  and  financing  charges  of  ($0.6)  million  related  to  withdrawn 
financing efforts, general and administrative expense was $2.7 million, an increase of $0.6 
million,  or  29%,  compared  to  the  fourth  quarter  of  2011.  The  29%  increase  in  the  fourth 
quarter of 2012 was due primarily to higher share-based compensation expense as a result 
of  a  downward  adjustment  to  accrued  share-based  compensation  expense  for  2011  that 
was  recorded  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2011.  General  and  administrative  expenses  also 
include  impairment  losses  on  trade  receivables  of  ($0.2)  million  and  ($0.3)  million, 
respectively, in the fourth quarters of 2012 and 2011.  

General  and  administrative  expenses  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012  were  $12.3 
million,  an  increase  of  $0.9  million,  or  7%,  compared  to  2011.  Excluding  restructuring 

Page 14 of 38 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
charges  of  ($1.9)  million  and  ($1.4)  million,  respectively,  depreciation  and  amortization 
expense  of  ($0.2)  million  and  ($0.3)  million,  respectively,  and  2012  acquisition  and 
integration costs related to the Idatech acquisition of ($0.3) million and financing charges 
of  ($0.6)  million  related  to  withdrawn  financing  efforts,  general  and  administrative 
expense,  general  and  administrative  expense  was  $9.3  million,  a  decrease  of  ($0.5) 
million, or 5%, compared to 2011. The 5% reduction in 2012 was primarily as result of our 
continued cost reduction efforts including a 7% workforce reduction initiated in July 2012, 
partially  offset  by  higher  share-based  compensation  expense  in  2012.  General  and 
administrative  expenses  also  include  impairment  losses  on  trade  receivables  of  ($0.2) 
million and ($0.3) million, respectively, in 2012 and 2011.  

Restructuring  charges  of  ($1.9)  million  in  2012  relate  primarily  to  the  7%  workforce 
reduction  initiated  in  July  2012  and  a  minor  restructuring  focused  on  manufacturing 
overhead  cost  reduction  initiated  in  April  2012.  Restructuring  charges  of  ($1.4)  million  in 
2011  relate  primarily  to  a  corporate  leadership  restructuring  initiated  in  September  2011 
and a Dantherm Power leadership restructuring initiated in March 2011.  

Sales and marketing expenses 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Sales and marketing 

Sales and marketing expense 

$ 

1,951 

$ 

1,695 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

$ 

Change 

%   Change 

256 

15% 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Sales and marketing 

Years ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

Sales and marketing expense 

$ 

6,901 

$ 

8,515 

$  

$ 

Change 

%   Change 

(1,614) 

(19%) 

Sales  and  marketing  expenses  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2012  were 
$2.0 million, an increase of $0.3 million, or 15% compared to the corresponding period of 
2011. The 15% increase in the fourth quarter of 2012 is as a result of increased investment 
in sales and marketing capacity in the backup power market due to our acquisition of the 
Idatech  assets  in  August  2012,  combined  with  higher  share-based  compensation  expense 
due  to  a  downward  adjustment  to  accrued  share-based  compensation  expense  for  2011 
that was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2011.  

Sales and marketing expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 were $6.9 million, a 
decrease  of  $1.6  million,  or  19%  compared  to  2011.  The  19%  reduction  in  2012  was 
primarily  as  a  result  of  our  continued  cost  reduction  efforts  across  the  business  which 
included  a  7%  workforce  reduction  initiated  in  July  2012  and  a  corporate  leadership 
restructuring initiated in September 2011, partially offset by increased investment in sales 
and marketing capacity in the backup power market due to our acquisition of the Idatech 
assets in August 2012. 

Finance  income  (loss)  and  other  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31, 
2012  was  $0.2  million  and  $0.1  million,  respectively,  compared  to  $0.1  million  and  $0.2 
million, respectively, for the corresponding periods of 2011. The following tables provide a 
breakdown of our finance and other income (loss) for the reported periods: 

Page 15 of 38 

 
  
  
 
  
  
 (Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ Change 

% Change 

Employee future benefit plan expense 

$ 

(29) 

$ 

(37) 

$ 

Investment and other income 

Foreign exchange gain (loss) 

48 

148 

Finance income (loss) and other 

$ 

167 

$ 

77 

38 

78 

$ 

8 

(29) 

110 

89 

22% 

(38%) 

289% 

114% 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Years ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ Change 

% Change 

Employee future benefit plan expense 

$ 

(29) 

$ 

(37) 

$ 

8 

Investment and other income 

Foreign exchange gain (loss) 

238 

(178) 

303 

(71) 

(65) 

(107) 

Finance income (loss) and other 

$ 

31 

$ 

195 

$ 

(164) 

22% 

(21%) 

(151%) 

(84%) 

Employee future benefit plan expense for the three months and years ended December 31, 
2012  and  2011  were  nominal.  Employee  future  benefit  plan  expense  primarily  represents 
the excess of interest cost over the expected return on plan assets on a curtailed defined 
benefit pension plan for our current and former United States employees 

Foreign exchange gains and losses are attributable primarily to the effect of the changes in 
the  value  of  the  Canadian  dollar,  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar,  on  our  Canadian  dollar-
denominated net monetary position. Foreign exchange gains and losses are also impacted 
by the conversion of Dantherm Power’s assets and liabilities from the Danish Kroner to the 
U.S. dollar at exchange rates in effect at each reporting date. 

Investment  and  other  income  of  $0.2  million  and  $0.3  million,  respectively,  for  the  years 
ended  December  31,  2012  and  2011  was  earned  primarily  on  our  cash,  cash  equivalents 
and short-term investments.  

Finance  expense  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2012  was  ($0.5) 
million  and  ($1.7)  million,  respectively,  compared  to  ($0.5)  million  and  ($1.4)  million, 
respectively,  for  the  corresponding  periods  of  2011.  Finance  expense  relates  primarily  to 
the sale and leaseback of our head office building in Burnaby, British Columbia which was 
completed  on  March  9,  2010.  Due  to  the  long  term  nature  of  the  lease,  the  leaseback  of 
the building qualifies as a finance (or capital) lease. 

Gain (loss) on sale of property, plant and equipment for the three months and year 
ended  December  31,  2012  was  ($0.1)  million,  compared  to  $0.7  million  for  the  three 
months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2011.  The  gain  in  2011  relates  primarily  to  a  gain 
on  sale  of  certain  property,  plant  and  equipment  to  Mercedes-Benz  Canada  Inc.  in 
conjunction with the sub-lease of 21,000 square feet of production space in Burnaby, B.C, 
effective in August 2011. 

Impairment  loss  on  property,  plant  and  equipment  for  the  three  months  and  year 
ended  December  31,  2012  was  ($0.6)  million,  compared  to  ($1.7)  million  for  the  three 
months and year ended December 31, 2011, and relate to a write-down of manufacturing 
equipment never put into use. 

Impairment loss on goodwill for the three months and year ended December 31, 2012 
was ($10.0) million and consists of an impairment charge related to our Fuel Cell Products 
segment. 

Page 16 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss attributed to non-controlling interests for the three months and year ended 
December 31, 2012 was ($0.5) million and ($1.3) million, respectively, compared to ($0.3) 
million  and  ($2.7)  million,  respectively,  for  the  corresponding  periods  of  2011.  Amounts 
represent  the  non-controlling  interest  of  Dantherm  A/S  and  Danfoss  A/S  in  the  losses  of 
Dantherm Power as a result of their 48% total equity interest during 2012 and 2011. The 
improved performance in 2012 at Dantherm Power is primarily a result of improved gross 
margins  as  a  result  of  increased  higher  margin  engineering  services  revenues  and 
increased shipments of backup power systems, combined with lower operating costs due to 
our  continued  cost  reduction  efforts  which  included  a  leadership  restructuring  in  the  first 
quarter of 2011. These benefits were partially offset by a restructuring charge recorded in 
the  first  quarter  of  2011  related  to  the  above  noted  Dantherm  Power  leadership 
restructuring.  

Page 17 of 38 

 
SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

The following table provides summary financial data for our last eight quarters from 
continuing operations: 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts 

and weighted average shares outstanding which are expressed in 

thousands) 

Quarter ended, 

Revenues from continuing operations 

Net income (loss) attributable to Ballard from 
continuing operations 

Net income (loss) per share attributable to 
Ballard from continuing operations, basic and 
diluted 

Dec 31, 
 2012 

16,476 

(16,809) 

  $ 

  $ 

Sep 30, 
 2012 

Jun 30, 
 2012 

  $ 

  $ 

10,312 

(9,185) 

  $ 

  $ 

6,824 

(7,416) 

  $ 

  $ 

Mar 31, 
 2012 

10,078 

(8,660) 

  $ 

 (0.18) 

  $ 

 (0.10) 

  $ 

 (0.09) 

  $ 

 (0.10) 

Weighted average common shares outstanding  

91,801 

89,269 

84,621 

84,566 

Revenues from continuing operations 

Net income (loss) attributable to Ballard from 
continuing operations 

Net income (loss) per share attributable to 
Ballard from continuing operations, basic and 
diluted 

Dec 31, 
 2011 

Sep 30, 
 2011 

  $ 

  $ 

16,973 

(7,969) 

  $ 

  $ 

15,071 

(8,337) 

  $ 

  $ 

Jun 30, 
 2011 

13,595 

(10,109) 

  $ 

  $ 

Mar 31, 
 2011 

10,134 

(10,760) 

  $ 

 (0.09) 

  $ 

 (0.10) 

  $ 

 (0.12) 

  $ 

(0.13) 

Weighted average common shares outstanding  

84,549 

84,548 

84,456 

84,205 

Summary  of  Quarterly  Results:    There  were  no  significant  seasonal  variations  in  our 
quarterly  results  from  continuing  operations.  Variations  in  our  net  loss  for  the  above 
periods were affected primarily by the following factors: 

•  Revenues:  Variations  in  fuel  cell  revenues  reflect  the  demand  and  timing  of  our 
customers’  fuel  cell  vehicle,  bus  and  fuel  cell  product  deployments  as  well  as  the 
demand  and  timing  of  their  engineering  services  projects.  Variations  in  fuel  cell 
revenues also reflect the timing of work performed and the achievements of milestones 
under  long-term  fixed  price  contracts.  Revenues  were  positively  impacted  in  the  third 
and fourth quarters of 2012 by $2.1 million and $3.0 million, respectively, as a result of 
our  acquisition  of  Idatech’s  key  assets  and  product  lines  as  of  August  1,  2012. 
Revenues were positively impacted in 2011 by a manufacturing supply agreement with 
Daimler  and  a  Daimler  subsidiary  which  was  completed  in  October  2011.  Contract 
Automotive revenues of $9.3 million (Q1-11: $2.9 million, Q2-11: $4.6 million, Q3-11: 
$1.8  million,  and  Q4-11:  $0.1 million)  and  Fuel  Cell  Products  revenues  of  $8.7  million 
(Q1-11: $2.4 million, Q2-11: $3.3 million, Q3-11: $2.6 million, Q4-11: $0.4 million) in 
2011 were derived from this contract manufacturing agreement. 

•  Operating  expenditures:  Operating  expenses  were  negatively 

impacted  by 
restructuring charges of ($1.6) million in the third quarter of 2012 as a result of a 7% 
workforce reduction, restructuring charges of ($0.4) million in the third quarter of 2011 
due  to  a  corporate  leadership  restructuring,  and  by  restructuring  charges  of  ($0.9) 
million in the first quarter of 2011 due to a leadership restructuring in Dantherm Power. 
Restructuring charges are recognized in general and administrative expense.  

Operating  expenses  also  include  the  impact  of  changes  in  the  value  of  the  Canadian 
dollar, versus the U.S. dollar, on our Canadian dollar denominated expenditures. 

Page 18 of 38 

 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
•  Impairment  loss  on  property,  plant  and  equipment:  The  net  loss  for  the  fourth 
quarter  of  2012  and  the  fourth  quarter  of  2011  was  negatively  impacted  by  an 
impairment  charge  of  ($0.6)  million  and  ($1.7)  million,  respectively,  related  to  the 
write-down of manufacturing equipment never put into use. 

•  Impairment  loss  on  goodwill:  The  net  loss  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  was 
negatively impacted by an impairment charge of ($10.0) million related to a write-down 
of goodwill in our Fuel Cell Products segment. 

CASH FLOWS 

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were $21.8 million (or $12.5 million net 
of  Operating  Facility  draws  of  $9.3  million)  at  December  31,  2012,  compared  to  $46.2 
million  (or  $41.6  million  net  of  Operating  Facility  draws  of  $4.6  million)  at  December  31, 
2011.  The  decrease  in  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  of  ($24.4) 
million in 2012 was driven by a net loss (excluding non-cash items) of ($22.2) million, and 
by net working capital requirements of ($5.9) million. These outflows were partially offset 
by  net  cash  advances  on  our  Operating  Facility  of  $4.8  million  and  by  convertible  debt 
financing of $0.9 million to Dantherm Power by a non-controlling partner. 

For  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2012,  cash  used  by  operating  activities  was 
($0.5)  million,  consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of  ($2.4)  million  partially  offset  by  net 
working  capital  inflows  of  $1.9  million.  For  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2011, 
cash  from  operating  activities  was  $4.1  million,  consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of 
($4.7) million and net working capital inflows of $8.8 million. The ($4.6) million increase in 
cash used by operating activities in the fourth quarter of 2012, as compared to the fourth 
quarter  of  2011,  was  driven  by  reduced  working  capital  inflows  of  ($6.9)  million  partially 
offset  by  a  reduction  in  cash  operating  losses  of  $2.3  million.  The  reduction  in  cash 
operating losses of $2.3 million is primarily a result of a $1.8 million improvement in total 
Adjusted  EBITDA  loss.  In  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012,  net  working  capital  cash  inflows  of 
$1.9  million  were  driven  by  lower  inventory  of  $5.4  million  as  we  consumed  previously 
built-up or acquired inventory in order to fulfill the higher product shipments in the fourth 
quarter, and by higher deferred revenue and cost recovery of $0.9 million as we received 
the  next  tranches  of  SDTC  government  funding  for  our  distributed  generation  and  bus 
projects  in  advance  of  incurring  the  related  research  and  product  development 
expenditures. These fourth quarter of 2012 working capital inflows were partially offset by 
higher accounts receivable of ($2.5) million due primarily to the timing of shipment versus 
collection of our fuel cell product and service revenues, and by lower accounts payable and 
accrued liabilities of ($2.6) million due to increased supplier payments made for higher first 
three  quarter  of  2012  inventory  purchases.  Working  capital  inflows  of  $8.8  million  in  the 
fourth  quarter  of  2011  were  driven  by  lower  accounts  receivable  of  $3.3  million  due 
primarily  to  the  timing  of  collections  of  our  fuel  cell  product  and  service  revenues,  lower 
inventory of $1.9 million as we consumed previously built-up inventory in order to fulfill the 
higher  product  shipments  in  the  fourth  quarter,  and  higher  deferred  revenue  and  cost 
recovery of $2.0 million as we received the next tranches of SDTC government funding for 
our  distributed  generation  and  bus  projects  in  advance  of  incurring  the  related  research 
and product development expenditures.  

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012,  cash  used  by  operating  activities  was  ($28.1) 
million,  consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of  ($22.2)  million  and  working  capital 

Page 19 of 38 

 
 
 
requirements  of  ($5.9)  million.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2011,  cash  used  by 
operating  activities  was  ($33.2)  million,  consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of  ($26.5) 
million  and  working  capital  requirements  of  ($6.7)  million.  The  $5.1  million,  or  15%, 
decline  in  cash  used  by  operating  activities  in  2012,  as compared  to  2011,  was  driven  by 
reductions  in  cash  operating  losses  of  $4.3  million  combined  with  lower  working  capital 
requirements  of  $0.8  million.  The  reduction  in  cash  operating  losses  of  $4.3  million  is 
primarily a result of the 17%, or $3.8 million, improvement in Adjusted EBITDA from both 
continuing  and  discontinued  operations.  In  2012,  net  working  capital  outflows  of  ($5.9) 
million were driven by lower accounts payable and accrued liabilities of ($10.5) million due 
to  increased  supplier  payments  made  for  higher  fourth  quarter  of  2011  and  first  three 
quarter  of  2012  inventory  purchases  combined  with  the  payment  of  accrued  2011  annual 
employee  bonuses,  partially  offset  by  lower  inventory  of  $4.4  million  as  we  consumed 
previously built-up or acquired inventory in order to fulfill the higher product shipments in 
the fourth quarter. Working capital outflows of ($6.7) million in 2011 were driven by higher 
accounts  receivable  of  ($4.3)  million  due  primarily  to  the  timing  of  collections  of  our  fuel 
cell  product  and  service  revenues,  higher  inventory  of  ($1.3)  million  due  primarily  to  the 
buildup  of  inventory  to  support  expected  higher  product  shipments  2012,  and  by  lower 
accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  of  ($1.7)  million  due  primarily  to  the  timing  of 
supplier payments.  

Investing activities resulted in cash inflows of $0.4 million and $13.0 million, respectively, 
for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2012,  compared  to  cash  outflows  of 
($15.5) million ($3.8) million, respectively, for the corresponding periods of 2011. Changes 
in  short-term  investments  resulted  in  cash  inflows  of  $0.6  million  and  $13.8  million, 
respectively,  for  the  three  month  and  year  ended  December  31,  2012,  compared  to  cash 
outflows of ($15.6) million and ($3.4) million, respectively, for the corresponding periods of 
2011. Balances changed between cash equivalents and short-term investments as we make 
investment  decisions  with  regards  to  the  term  of  investments  and  our  future  cash 
requirements.  

Other  investing  activities  in  2012  consist  primarily  of  proceeds  on  sale  of  $0.4  million  for 
previously  impaired  manufacturing  equipment,  less  capital  expenditures  of  ($1.2)  million. 
Other  investing  activities  in  2011  consist  primarily  of  proceeds  on  sale  of  $1.7  million 
received  primarily  from  Daimler  on  the  closing  of  the  facilities  sub-lease  agreement, 
proceeds  on  sale  and  leaseback  of  capital  equipment  of  $1.9  million,  and  capital 
expenditures  of  ($4.1)  million  primarily  for  manufacturing  equipment  in  order  to  build 
production capacity. 

Financing  activities  resulted  in  cash  outflows  of  ($0.4)  million  and  inflows  of  $4.6  million, 
respectively, for the three months and year ended December 31, 2012, compared to cash 
outflows  of  ($3.2)  million  and  inflows  of  $5.1  million,  respectively,  for  the  corresponding 
periods  of  2011.  Financing  activities  in  2012  primarily  represent  advances,  net  of 
repayments,  of  $4.8  million  on  our  Operating  Facility  which  is  used  to  assist  with  the 
financing  of  our  working  capital  requirements.  Financing  activities  in  2012  also  include 
proceeds  on  convertible  debenture  financing  from  the  Dantherm  Power  non-controlling 
interests to Dantherm Power of $0.9 million and finance lease payments of ($1.0) million. 
Financing activities in 2011 consist primarily of net cash advances on our Operating Facility 
of  $4.6  million,  proceeds  on  convertible  debenture  financing  from  the  Dantherm  Power 
non-controlling interests to Dantherm Power of $1.7 million, less finance lease payments of 
($0.8) million.  

Page 20 of 38 

 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 

At December 31, 2012, we had total Liquidity of $12.5 million. We measure Liquidity as our 
net  cash  position,  consisting  of  the  sum  of  our  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term 
investments  of  $21.8 million,  net  of  amounts  drawn  on  our  $10  million  Canadian  demand 
revolving  facility  (“Operating  Facility”)  of  $9.3  million.  The  Operating  Facility  is  used  to 
assist  in  financing  our  short  term  working  capital  requirements  and  is  secured  by  a 
hypothecation of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. 

We  also  have  a  $3.3  million  Canadian  capital  leasing  facility  (“Leasing  Facility”)  which  is 
used to finance the acquisition and / or lease of operating equipment and is secured by a 
hypothecation of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. At December 31, 
2012, $2.5 million was outstanding on the Leasing Facility.  

Our Liquidity objective is to maintain cash balances sufficient to fund at least six quarters 
of  forecasted  cash  used  by  operating  activities  at  all  times.  Our  strategy  to  attain  this 
objective  is  to  continue  our  drive  to  attain  profitable  operations  that  are  sustainable  by 
executing a business plan aimed at continued focus on Fuel Cell Products revenue growth, 
improving  overall  gross  margins,  minimizing  Cash  Operating  Costs,  managing  working 
capital  requirements,  and  securing  additional  financing  to  fund  our  operations  as  needed 
until  we  do  achieve  profitable  operations  that  are  sustainable.  While  we  believe  that  we 
have  adequate  liquidity  in  cash,  working  capital  and  non-core  asset  monetization 
opportunities  (consisting  primarily  of  the  subsequent  disposition  of  our  Materials  Product 
segment  for  gross  cash  proceeds  of  $10.5  million  on  January  31,  2013)  to  finance  our 
operations, we may also choose to pursue additional liquidity through the issuance of debt 
or equity in private or public market financings. To facilitate such an action, we filed a short 
form  base  shelf  prospectus  (“Prospectus”)  in  April  2012  in  each  of  the  provinces  and 
territories of Canada, except Quebec, and a corresponding shelf registration statement on 
Form  F-10  (“Registration  Statement”)  with  the  United  States  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission, which has been declared effective. These filings will enable offerings of equity 
securities  during  the  effective  period  of  the  Prospectus  and  Registration  Statements. 
However,  no  assurance  can  be  given  that  any  such  additional  liquidity  will  be  available  or 
that, if available, it can be obtained on terms favorable to the Company. 

Failure to achieve this Liquidity objective will have a material adverse effect on our financial 
condition  and  results  of  operations  including  our  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern. 
There are also various risks and uncertainties affecting our ability to achieve this Liquidity 
objective including, but not limited to, the market acceptance and rate of commercialization 
of  our  products,  the  ability  to  successfully  execute  our  business  plan,  and  general  global 
economic  conditions,  certain  of  which  are  beyond  our  control.  While  we  continue  to  make 
significant  investments  in  product  development  and  market  development  activities 
necessary  to  commercialize  our  products,  and  make  increased  investments  in  working 
capital as we grow our business, our actual liquidity requirements will also vary and will be 
impacted by our relationships with our lead customers and strategic partners, our success 
in  developing  new  channels  to  market  and  relationships  with  customers,  our  success  in 
generating revenue growth from near-term product opportunities, our success in managing 
our  operating  expense  and  working  capital  requirements,  foreign  exchange  fluctuations, 
and the progress and results of our research, development and demonstration programs. 

Page 21 of 38 

 
 
2013 BUSINESS OUTLOOK  

On a continuing operations basis, we expect: 

•  Revenue growth in 2013 in excess of 30% over 2012 (or at least $56.8 million from 

$43.7 million in 2012); and 

•  Adjusted EBITDA improvement in 2013 in excess of 50% from 2012 (or lower than 

($11.1) million from ($22.1) million in 2012).  

Consistent with the past couple of years, we expect a majority of our 2013 revenue to be 
realized in the second half of the year. Our business revenue outlook for 2013 is based on 
our  internal  revenue  forecast  which  reflects  an  assessment  of  overall  business  conditions 
and  takes  into  account  actual  sales  in  the  first  month  of  2013,  sales  orders  received  for 
units and services to be delivered in 2013, and an estimate with respect to the generation 
of new sales in each of our markets. Our 2013 business revenue outlook is also supported 
by  our  12-month  order  book  of  $36.8  million  at  December  31,  2012  ($32.0  million  at 
December  31,  2011).  The  primary  risk  factors  that  could  cause  us  to  miss  our  revenue 
guidance  for  2013  are  potential  disruptions  in  the  material  handling  market  as  a  result  of 
our  reliance  on  a  single  customer  in  this  market,  and  delays  from  forecast  in  terms  of 
closing and shipping expected sales orders primarily in our backup power and engineering 
services markets.  

The  key  drivers  for  the  expected  improvement  in  Adjusted  EBITDA for  2013  are  expected 
increases in gross margins driven primarily by the above noted overall increase in expected 
revenues, supported by continued operating expense optimization and a resulting reduction 
in  Cash  Operating  Costs  to  the  mid-$20  million  range  from  $30.3  million  in  2012. 
Consistent with the expectation that a majority of our 2013 revenue will fall in the last half 
of the year, Adjusted EBITDA is expected to be materially improved in the last half of 2013, 
as compared to the first half of 2013.  

Our  Adjusted  EBITDA  outlook  for  2013  is  based  on  our  internal  Adjusted  EBITDA  forecast 
and takes into account our forecasted gross margin related to the above revenue forecast, 
the  costs  of  our  current  and  forecasted  Cash  Operating  Costs,  and  assumes  an  average 
U.S. dollar exchange rate of 1.00 in relation to the Canadian dollar. The primary risk factor 
that  could  cause  us  to  miss  our  target  Adjusted  EBITDA  outlook  for  2013  are  lower  than 
expected gross margins due to (i) lower revenues from forecast due to potential disruptions 
in  the  material  handling  market  as  a  result  of  our  reliance  on  a  single  customer  in  this 
market,  or  unexpected  delays  in  terms  of  closing  and  shipping  expected  sales  orders 
primarily in our backup power and engineering services markets; (ii) shifts in product sales 
mix  negatively  impacting  projected  gross  margin  as  a  percentage  of  revenues;  or  (iii) 
delays in the timing of our projected product cost reductions. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA 
could  also  be  negatively  impacted  by  increases  in  Cash  Operating  Costs  as  a  result  of  (i) 
increased  product  development  costs  due  to  unexpected  cost  overruns  or  by  lower  than 
anticipated  engineering  services  contracts  or  government  cost  recoveries;  or  (ii)  negative 
foreign exchange impacts due to a higher than expected Canadian dollar. A 1% increase in 
the  Canadian  dollar,  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar,  negatively  impacts  Adjusted  EBITDA  and 
Cash Operating Costs by approximately $0.3 million to $0.4 million.   

Similar  to  prior  years  and  consistent  with  our  revenue  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  performance 
expectations  for  the  year  and  the  resulting  impacts  on  gross  margin  and  working  capital, 
we expect cash used in operating activities in 2013 to be materially higher in the first and 

Page 22 of 38 

 
second quarters of 2013, as compared to the third and fourth quarters of 2013. Cash used 
in  operating  activities  in  the  first  two  quarters  of  2013  is  expected  to  be  negatively 
impacted by the buildup of inventory to support higher product shipments in the third and 
fourth quarters, and by the timing of revenues and the related customer collections which 
are also skewed towards the last half of the year.  

forecast  and  our  expectations 

Our cash flow from operations outlook for 2013 is based on our internal net cash forecast 
and takes into account our actual results for the first month of 2013 and our forecasted net 
cash  requirements  for  the  balance  of  the  year  as  a  result  of  the  above  noted  Adjusted 
EBITDA 
for  working  capital  requirements,  capital 
expenditures,  and  other  investing,  and  financing  activities  for  the  year.  The  primary  risk 
factors that could cause us to miss our cash flow from operations expectations for 2013 are 
lower than expected Adjusted EBITDA performance as a result of the occurrence of any or 
all of the above noted risk factors, and increased working capital requirements primarily as 
a  result  of  (i)  higher  than  anticipated  accounts  receivable  due  to  delays  in  the  timing  of 
revenues  and  the  related  customer  collections,  (ii)  unexpected  changes  in  the  timing  and 
amount  of  expected  government  grants  and  the  related  contract  payments;  (iii) 
unexpected  changes  in  the  timing  and  mix  of  supplier  purchases  and  payments;  and  (iv) 
increased  inventory  levels  due  to  unexpected  changes  in  the  timing  and  mix  of  expected 
product shipments. 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS & CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 

Periodically, we use forward foreign exchange and forward platinum purchase contracts to 
manage  our  exposure  to  currency  rate  fluctuations  and  platinum  price  fluctuations.  We 
record these contracts at their fair value as either assets or liabilities on our balance sheet. 
Any changes in fair value are either (i) recorded in our statement of comprehensive income 
if formally designated and qualified under hedge accounting criteria; or (ii) recorded in our 
statement of operations if either not designated, or not qualified, under hedge accounting 
criteria.  At  December  31,  2012,  we  did  not  have  any  outstanding  foreign  exchange 
currency contracts or outstanding platinum forward purchase contracts.  

At  December  31,  2012,  we  did  not  have  any  other  material  obligations  under  guarantee 
contracts,  retained  or  contingent  interests  in  transferred  assets,  outstanding  derivative 
instruments or non-consolidated variable interests.   

At  December  31,  2012  we  had  the  following  contractual  obligations  and  commercial 
commitments: 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 
Contractual Obligations 

Payments due by period, 

Total

Less than 

1-3 years 

3-5 years 

After 5 

one year 

years 

Operating leases 

Capital leases 

$  21,574 $ 

2,520  $ 

5,327  $ 

5,499  $ 

8,228 

20,437  

1,924 

4,063 

3,315 

11,135 

Asset retirement obligations 

6,366  

- 

- 

- 

6,366 

Total contractual obligations 

$  48,377 $ 

4,444  $ 

9,390  $ 

8,814  $ 

25,729 

In  addition  to  the  contractual  purchase  obligations  above,  we  have  outstanding 
commitments  of  $0.3  million  related  primarily  to  purchases  of  capital  assets  at  December 
31,  2012.  Capital  expenditures  pertain  to  our  regular  operations  and  are  expected  to  be 
funded through cash on hand. 

As  of  December  31,  2012,  we  have  also  agreed  to  pay  previous  funding  obligations  that 

Page 23 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
were  repayable  through  potential  royalties  in  respect  of  sales  of  certain  fuel  cell-based 
stationary  power  products  under  two  development  programs  with  Canadian  government 
agencies.  The  total  combined  royalty  is  limited  in  any  year  to  4%  of  revenue  from  such 
products.  Under  the  terms  of  the  Utilities  Development  Program  (Phase  1)  with  the 
Government  British  Columbia,  total  royalties  are  payable  to  a  maximum  equal  to  the 
original amount of the government contributions of CDN $5.4 million. As at December 31, 
2012,  no  royalties  have  been  incurred  for  Phase  1.  Under  the  terms  of  the  Utilities 
Development  Program  (Phase  2)  with  Technology  Partnerships  Canada  (“TPC”)  total 
royalties  are  payable  to  a  maximum  of  CDN  $38.3  million.  As  at  December  31,  2012,  a 
total  of  CDN  $5.3  million  in  royalty  repayments  have  been  made  for  Phase  2.  The 
Corporation  has  made  no  Phase  2  royalty  repayments  in  2012  and  2011.  On  January  15, 
2013,  we  reached  an  agreement  with  TPC  to  terminate  all  existing  and  future  potential 
royalties  payable  in  respect  of  future  sales  of  fuel  cell  based  stationary  power  products 
under  the  Utilities  Development  Program  (Phase  2)  in  exchange  for  a  final  repayment  to 
TPC of CDN $1.9 million.  

In  the  ordinary  course  of  business  or  as  required  by  certain  acquisition  or  disposition 
agreements,  we  are  periodically  required  to  provide  certain  indemnities  to  other  parties. 
Our  Arrangement  with  Superior  Plus  includes  an  indemnification  agreement  dated 
December  31,  2008  (the  "Indemnity  Agreement"),  which  sets  out  the  parties’  continuing 
obligations to the other. The Indemnity Agreement has two basic elements: it provides for 
the indemnification by each of the parties to the other for breaches of representations and 
warranties or covenants as well as, in our case, any liability relating to our business which 
is  suffered  by  Superior  Plus.  Our  indemnity  to  Superior  Plus  with  respect  to  our 
representation  relating  to  the  existence  of  our  tax  pools  immediately  prior  to  the 
completion  of  the  Arrangement  is  limited  to  an  aggregate  of  $7.4  million  (Canadian  $7.4 
million) with a threshold amount of $0.5 million (Canadian $0.5 million) before there is an 
obligation to make a payment. Second, the Indemnity Agreement provides for adjustments 
to  be  paid  by  us,  or  to  us,  depending  on  the  final  determination  of  the  amount  of  our 
Canadian  non-capital  losses,  scientific  research  and  development  expenditures  and 
investment tax credits generated to December 31, 2008, to the extent that such amounts 
are more or less than the amounts estimated at the time the Arrangement was executed. 
At December 31, 2012, we have not accrued any amount owing, or receivable, as a result 
of the Indemnity Agreement. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Related  parties  include  shareholders  with  a  significant  ownership  interest  in  us,  together 
with  their  subsidiaries  and  affiliates,  our  key  management  personnel,  and  our  minority 
interest  partners  in  Dantherm  Power.  Revenues  and  costs  recognized  from  such 
transactions  reflect  the  prices  and  terms  of  sale  and  purchase  transactions  with  related 
parties,  which  are  in  accordance  with  normal  trade  practices  at  fair  value.  Related  party 
transactions and balances are as follows: 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Three months ended 
December 31, 

Year ended 
December 31, 

Transactions with related parties 

2012 

2011

2012

Revenues  

Purchases 

Finance expense on convertible 
debenture payable 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

- 

- 

86 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

-

  $ 

288   $ 

53   $ 

-

 $ 

309  $ 

289  $ 

2011 

- 

744 

151 

Page 24 of 38 

 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Balances with related parties 

Trade accounts payable 

Interest payable 

Convertible debenture payable 

OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA 

As at February 20, 2013 

Common share outstanding  

Options outstanding 

As at December 31, 

2012 

100 

417 

  $ 

  $ 

  $  2,507 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

2011 

260 

141 

1,592 

 91,801,477 

 6,595,937 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION 
UNCERTAINTY 

Our  consolidated  financial  statements  are  prepared  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards,  which  require  us  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that 
affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, 
income  and  expenses.  Actual  result  may  differ  from  those  estimates.  Estimates  and 
underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis  Revisions  to  accounting 
estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future 
periods affected.  

At this time, we have concluded that there are no critical judgments that we have made in 
the  process  of  applying  our  accounting  policies.  Our  significant  accounting  policies  are 
detailed in note 3 to the annual consolidated financial statements. 

The  following  are  key  assumptions  concerning  the  future  and  other  key  sources  of 
estimation uncertainty that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to 
the  reported  amount  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses  within  the  next  financial 
year.  

REVENUE RECOGNITION 

Revenues are generated primarily from product sales and services in our Fuel Cell Products, 
Contract  Automotive  and  Material  Products  segments.  Product  revenues  are  derived 
primarily  from  standard  equipment  and  material  sales  contracts  and  from  long-term  fixed 
price  contracts.  Service  revenues  are  derived  primarily  from  cost-plus  reimbursable 
contracts and from long-term fixed price contracts.  

On  standard  equipment  and  material  sales  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized  when  (i) 
significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods has been transferred to the buyer; 
(ii)  we  retain  neither  continuing  managerial  involvement  to  the  degree  usually  associated 
with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold; (iii) the amount of revenue can be 
measured  reliably;  (iv)  it  is  probable  that  the  economic  benefits  associated  with  the  sale 
will accrue to us; and (v) the costs incurred, or to be incurred, in respect of the transaction 
can be measured reliably. Provisions are made at the time of sale for warranties. Revenue 
recognition  for  standard  equipment  and  material  sales  contracts  does  not  usually  involve 
significant estimates.  

Page 25 of 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On  cost-plus  reimbursable  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized  as  costs  are  incurred,  and 
include applicable fees  earned as services are  provided. Revenue recognition for cost-plus 
reimbursable contracts does not usually involve significant estimates. 

On long-term fixed price contracts, revenues are recorded on the percentage-of-completion 
basis  over  the  duration  of  the  contract,  which  consists  of  recognizing  revenue  on  a  given 
contract  proportionately  with  its  percentage  of  completion  at  any  given  time.  The 
percentage of completion is determined by dividing the cumulative costs incurred as at the 
balance sheet date by the sum of incurred and anticipated costs for completing a contract.  

•  The  determination  of  anticipated  costs  for  completing  a  contract  is  based  on 
estimates  that  can  be  affected  by  a  variety  of  factors  such  as  variances  in  the 
timeline to completion, the cost of materials, the availability and cost of labour, as 
well as productivity. 

•  The  determination  of  potential  revenues  includes  the  contractually  agreed  amount 
and may be adjusted based on the estimate of our attainment on achieving certain 
defined contractual milestones. Management’s estimation is required in determining 
the  probability  that  the  revenue  will  be  received  and  in  determining  the 
measurement of that amount.  

Estimates used to determine revenues and costs of long-term fixed price contracts involve 
uncertainties  that  ultimately  depend  on  the  outcome  of  future  events  and  are  periodically 
revised as projects progress. There is a risk that a customer may ultimately disagree with 
our  assessment  of  the  progress  achieved  against  milestones  or  that  our  estimates  of  the 
work  required  to  complete  a  contract  may  change.  The  cumulative  effect  of  changes  to 
anticipated revenues and anticipated costs for completing a contract are recognized in the 
period in which the revisions are identified. In the event that the anticipated costs exceed 
the anticipated revenues on a contract, such loss is recognized in its entirety in the period 
it becomes known. 

During  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  there  was  no 
material adjustments to revenues relating to revenue recognized in a prior period.  

ASSET IMPAIRMENT 

The  carrying  amounts  of  our  non-financial  assets  other  than  inventories  are  reviewed  at 
each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.    If  any 
such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.  For goodwill and 
intangible  assets  that  have  indefinite  useful  lives,  the  recoverable  amount  is  estimated  at 
least annually.  

The  recoverable  amount  of  an  asset  or  cash-generating  unit  is  the  greater  of  its  value  in 
use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash 
flows  are  discounted  to  their  present  value  using  a  pre-tax  discount  rate  that  reflects 
current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. 
In assessing fair value less costs to sell, the price that would be received on the sale of an 
asset  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date  is 
estimated. For the purposes of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually 
are  grouped  together  into  the  smallest  group  of  assets  that  generates  cash  inflows  from 
continuing use  that  are  largely  independent of  the  cash  inflows  of other  groups  of  assets. 
Cash-generating  units  to  which  goodwill  has  been  allocated  reflects  the  lowest  level  at 

Page 26 of 38 

 
 
which  goodwill  is  monitored  for  internal  reporting  purposes.  Many  of  the  factors  used  in 
assessing fair value are outside the control of management and it is reasonably likely that 
assumptions and estimates will change from period to period. These changes may result in 
future  impairments.  For  example,  our  revenue  growth  rate  could  be  lower  than  projected 
due to economic, industry or competitive factors, or the discount rate used in our value in 
use  model  could  increase  due  to  a  change  in  market  interest  rates.  In  addition,  future 
goodwill impairment charges may be necessary if our market capitalization decreased due 
to  a  decline  in  the  trading  price  of  our  common  stock,  which  could  negatively  impact  the 
fair value of our operating segments. 

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its cash-generating 
unit  exceeds  its  estimated  recoverable  amount.  Impairment  losses  are  recognized  in  net 
loss.  Impairment  losses  recognized  in  respect  of  the  cash-generating  units  are  allocated 
first  to  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  the  units,  and  then  to 
reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit on a pro-rata basis. 

An  impairment  loss  in  respect  of  goodwill  is  not  reversed.  In  respect  of  other  assets, 
impairment losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any 
indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed 
only  to  the  extent  that  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  does  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount 
that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of  depreciation  or  amortization,  if  no  impairment 
loss had been recognized. 

We  perform  the  annual  review  of  goodwill  as  at  December  31 of  each  year,  more  often  if 
events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  it  might  be  impaired.  Under  IFRS,  the 
annual  review  of  goodwill  requires  a  comparison  of  the  carrying  value  of  the  asset  to  the 
higher of (i) value in use; and (ii) fair value less costs to sell. Value in use is defined as the 
present  value  of  future  cash  flows  expected  to  be  derived  from  the  asset  in  its  current 
state. Prior to our 2012 annual impairment test, our consolidated goodwill balance of $48.1 
million consisted of $46.3 million in our core Fuel Cell Products segment, and $1.8 million 
in  our  now  discontinued  Material  Products  segment.  Based  on  the  impairment  test 
performed  as  at  December  31,  2012,  we  have  recorded  a  goodwill  impairment  charge  of 
($11.8)  million  in  our  2012  financial  results,  consisting  of  goodwill  impairment  of  ($10.0) 
million  in  our  Fuel  Cell  Products  segment  and  a  goodwill  write-off  of  ($1.8)  million  in  our 
Material Products segment. Details of our goodwill impairment tests are as follows: 

•  One of the methods used to assess the recoverable amount of the goodwill in our core 
Fuel Cells Products segment is a fair value, less costs to sale, test. Our fair value test is 
in  effect  a  modified  market  capitalization  assessment,  whereby  we  calculate  the  fair 
value of the Fuel Cell Products segment by first calculating the value of the Company 
at  December  31,  2012  based  on  the  average  closing  share  price  in  the  month  of 
December,  add  a  reasonable  estimated  control  premium  of  25%  to  determine  the 
Company’s  enterprise  value  on  a  controlling  basis  after  adjusting  for  excess  cash 
balances,  and  then  deduct  the fair  value  of  our  Materials  Product  segments  from  this 
enterprise  value  to  arrive  at  the  fair  value  of  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  segment.  As  a 
result  of  this  assessment,  we  have  determined  that  the  fair  value  of  the  Fuel  Cell 
Products  segment  was  deficient  to  its  carrying  value  resulting  in  a  ($10.0)  million 
write-down  of  Fuel  Cell  Products  goodwill  from  $46.3  million  to  $36.3  million  as  of 
December 31, 2012.  

• 

In addition to this fair value test, we also performed a value in use test on our Fuel Cell 

Page 27 of 38 

 
Products  segment  that  compared  the  carrying  value  of  the  segment  to  the  present 
value  of  future  cash  flows  expected  to  be  derived  from  the  segment.  The  principal 
factors  used  in  this  discounted  cash  flow  analysis  requiring  significant  estimation  are 
the  projected  results  of  operations,  the  discount  rate  based  on  the  weighted  average 
cost of capital (“WACC”), and terminal value assumptions for each reporting unit. Our 
value  in  use  test  was  based  on  a  WACC  of  20%;  an  average  estimated  compound 
annual  growth  rate  of  approximately  35%  from  2012  to  2017;  and  a  terminal  year 
EBITDA  multiplied  by  a  terminal  value  multiplier  of  4.0.  Our  value  in  use  assessment 
resulted in an estimated fair value for the Fuel Cell Products segment that is consistent 
with that as determined under the above fair value, less costs to sell, assessment.  

•  The fair value of our Material Products segment was determined based on a fair value 
less  costs  to  sell  assessment  which  compared  the  segment’s  carrying  value  at 
December 31, 2012 to the actual net proceeds received on disposition on January 31, 
2013.  As  a  result  of  this  assessment,  we  have  determined  that  the  fair  value  of  the 
Material  Products  segment  was  deficient  to  its  carrying  value  resulting  in  a  ($1.8) 
million  write-off  of  Material  Products  goodwill  and  a  ($0.5)  million  write-down  of 
property,  plant  and  equipment  as  of  December  31,  2012.    Total  2012  impairment 
charges  of  ($2.3)  million  for  the  Material  Products  segment  are  included  in  net  loss 
from discontinued operations. 

As  a  result  of  our  quarterly  review  of  the  carrying  amounts  of  our  non-financial  assets 
(other  than  inventories)  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment,  we 
recorded an impairment charge of ($0.6) million in our Fuel Cell Products segment for the 
three months and year ended December 31, 2012 related to a write-down of manufacturing 
equipment never put into use.  

WARRANTY PROVISION 

A  provision  for  warranty  costs  is  recorded  on  product  sales  at  the  time  of  shipment.  In 
establishing  the  accrued  warranty  liabilities,  we  estimate  the  likelihood  that  products  sold 
will  experience  warranty  claims  and  the  cost  to  resolve  claims  received.  In  making  such 
determinations,  we  use  estimates  based  on  the  nature  of  the  contract  and  past  and 
projected  experience  with  the  products.  Should  these  estimates  prove  to  be  incorrect,  we 
may  incur  costs  different  from  those  provided  for  in  our  warranty  provisions.  During  the 
three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2012,  we  recorded  provisions  to  accrued 
warranty  liabilities  of  $0.4  million  and  $1.5  million,  respectively,  for  new  product  sales, 
compared  to  $1.0  million  and  $1.9  million,  respectively,  for  the  three  months  and  year 
ended December 31, 2011. 

We review our warranty assumptions and make adjustments to accrued warranty liabilities 
quarterly based on the latest information available and to reflect the expiry of contractual 
obligations. Adjustments to accrued warranty liabilities are recorded in cost of product and 
service revenues. As a result of these reviews and the resulting adjustments, our warranty 
provision  and  cost  of  revenues  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2012 
were adjusted upwards by a net amount of ($0.2) million and downwards by $0.4 million, 
respectively,  compared  to  a  net  adjustment  downwards  of  $0.5  million  and  $1.7  million, 
respectively, for the three months and year ended December 31, 2011. The adjustments to 
reduce accrued warranty liabilities were primarily due to contractual expirations, changes in 
estimated costs to repair, and improved lifetimes and reliability of our fuel cell products. 

Page 28 of 38 

 
INVENTORY PROVISION 

In determining the lower of cost and net realizable value of our inventory and establishing 
the  appropriate  provision  for  inventory  obsolescence,  we  estimate  the  likelihood  that 
inventory carrying values will be affected by changes in market pricing or demand for our 
products  and  by  changes  in  technology  or  design  which  could  make  inventory  on  hand 
obsolete or recoverable at less than cost. We perform regular reviews to assess the impact 
of changes in technology and design, sales trends and other changes on the carrying value 
of  inventory.  Where  we  determine  that  such  changes  have  occurred  and  will  have  a 
negative  impact  on  the  value  of  inventory  on  hand,  appropriate  provisions  are  made.  If 
there  is  a  subsequent  increase  in  the  value  of  inventory  on  hand,  reversals  of  previous 
write-downs  to  net  realizable  value  are  made.  Unforeseen  changes  in  these  factors  could 
result in additional inventory provisions, or reversals of previous provisions, being required. 
During  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2012,  inventory  provisions  of 
($0.2) million and ($0.7) million, respectively, were recorded as a charge to cost of product 
and  service  revenues,  compared  to  ($0.3)  million  and  ($0.6)  million,  respectively,  for  the 
three months and year ended December 31, 2011. 

EMPLOYEE FUTURE BENEFITS 

The  present  value  of  our  defined  benefit  obligation  is  determined  by  discounting  the 
estimated  future  cash  outflows  using  interest  rates  of  high-quality  corporate  bonds  that 
have  terms  to  maturity  approximating  the  terms  of  the  related  pension  liability. 
Determination  of  benefit  expense  requires  assumptions  such  as  the  discount  rate  to 
measure  obligations,  expected  plan  investment  performance,  expected  healthcare  cost 
trend  rate,  and  retirement  ages  of  employees.  Actual  results  will  differ  from  the  recorded 
amounts based on these estimates and assumptions.  

INCOME TAXES 

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, 
deferred  income  taxes  are  recognized  for  the  deferred  income  tax  consequences 
attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial  statement  carrying  values  of  assets  and 
liabilities and their respective income tax bases (temporary differences) and for loss carry-
forwards.  The  resulting  changes  in  the  net  deferred  tax  asset  or  liability  are  included  in 
income. 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted,  or  substantially  enacted, 
tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences 
are  expected  to  be  recovered  or  settled.  The  effect  on  deferred  income  tax  assets  and 
liabilities,  of  a  change  in  tax  rates,  is  included  in  income  in  the  period  that  includes  the 
substantive  enactment  date.  Deferred  income  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting 
period  and  are  reduced  to  the  extent  that  it  is  no  longer  probable  that  the  related  tax 
benefit  will  be  realized.  As  of  December  31,  2012  and  2011,  we  have  not  recorded  any 
deferred income tax assets on our consolidated statement of financial position.  

NEW IFRS ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The  following  is  an  overview  of  accounting  standard  changes  that  we  will  be  required  to 
adopt  in  future  years.  Except  as  otherwise  noted  below  for  IFRS  9,  IAS  32  and 
amendments to IFRS 7, the standards are effective for our annual periods beginning on or 
after January 1, 2013, with earlier application permitted. We do not expect to adopt any of 
these standards before their effective dates.  

Page 29 of 38 

 
IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments 

In November 2009, the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) published IFRS 
9 “Financial Instruments”. This new standard simplifies the classification and measurement 
of financial assets set out in IAS 39 “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement”. 
Financial  assets  are  to  be  measured  at  amortized  cost  or  fair  value.  They  are  to  be 
measured at amortized cost if the two following conditions are met: 

a)  The  assets  are  held  within  a  business  model  whose  objective  is  to  collect  contractual 
cash flows; and 

b)  The  contractual  cash  flows  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the 
outstanding principal. 

All other financial assets are to be measured at fair value through net earnings. The entity 
may,  if  certain  conditions  are  met,  elect  to  use  the  fair  value  option  instead  of 
measurement at amortized cost. As well, the entity may choose upon initial recognition to 
measure non-trading equity investments at fair value through comprehensive income. Such 
a choice is irrevocable. 

In  October  2010,  the  IASB  issued  revisions  to  IFRS  9,  adding  the  requirements  for 
classification  and  measurement  of  financial  liabilities  contained  in  IAS  39  and  further 
points.  For  financial  liabilities  measured  at  fair  value  through  net  earnings  using  the  fair 
value  option,  the  amount  of  change  in  a  liability’s  fair  value  attributable  to  changes  in  its 
credit risk is recognized directly in other comprehensive income. 

In  December  2011,  the  IASB  deferred  the  mandatory  effective  date  of  IFRS  9  to  fiscal 
years  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2015.  Early  adoption  is  permitted  under  certain 
conditions.  An  entity  is  not  required  to  restate  comparative  financial  periods  for  its  first-
time application of IFRS 9, but must comply with the new disclosure requirements. 

We  intend to  adopt  IFRS  9  in  our  financial  statements for  the  annual  period  beginning  on 
January  1,  2015.  The  extent  of  the  impact  of  adoption  of  IFRS  9  has  not  yet  been 
determined. 

IFRS 10 - Consolidated Financial Statements 

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  10  “Consolidated  Financial  Statements”  which  is  a 
replacement of SIC-12 “Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities”, and certain parts of IAS 
27  “Consolidated  and  Separate  Financial  Statements”.  IFRS  10  uses  control  as  the  single 
basis  for  consolidation,  irrespective  of  the nature  of the investee,  employing  the  following 
factors to identify control: 

a) Power over the investee; 

b) Exposure or rights to variable returns from involvement with the investee; 

c) The ability to use power over the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s returns. 

IFRS 10 shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We intend to 
adopt  IFRS  10  in  our  financial  statements  for  the  annual  period  beginning  on  January  1, 
2013. We do not expect IFRS 10 to have a material impact on our financial statements. 

IFRS 11 - Joint Arrangements 

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  11  “Joint  Arrangements” which  supersedes  IAS  31 
“Interests  in  Joint  Ventures”  and  SIC-13  “Jointly  Controlled  Entities  –  Non-Monetary 
Contributions  by  Venturers”.  IFRS  11  requires  that  joint  ventures  be  accounted  for  using 

Page 30 of 38 

 
the equity method of accounting and eliminates the need for proportionate consolidation.  

IFRS 11 shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We intend to 
adopt  IFRS  11  in  our  financial  statements  for  the  annual  period  beginning  on  January  1, 
2013. We do not expect IFRS 11 to have a material impact on our financial statements.  

IFRS 12 - Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities 

In May 2011, the IASB published IFRS 12 “Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities” which 
requires  that  an  entity  disclose  information  on  the  nature  of  and  risks  associated  with  its 
interests 
joint  arrangements,  associates  or 
unconsolidated  structured  entities)  and  the  effects  of  those  interests  on  its  financial 
statements.  

in  other  entities  (i.e.  subsidiaries, 

IFRS 12 shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We intend to 
adopt  IFRS  12  in  our  financial  statements  for  the  annual  period  beginning  on  January  1, 
2013. We do not expect IFRS 12 to have a material impact on our financial statements.  

IFRS 13 - Fair Value Measurement 

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  13  “Fair  Value  Measurement”  to  establish  a  single 
framework for fair value measurement of financial and non-financial items. IFRS 13 defines 
fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in 
an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date.  It  also 
requires disclosure of certain information on fair value measurements.  

IFRS 13 shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. We intend to 
adopt  IFRS  13  in  our  financial  statements  for  the  annual  period  beginning  on  January  1, 
2013. We do not expect IFRS 13 to have a material impact on our financial statements.  

Amendments to IAS 19 - Employee Benefits 

In  June  2011,  the  IASB  issued  amendments  to  IAS  19  “Employee  Benefits”.  Changes  in 
defined  benefit  obligations  and  plan  assets  are  to  be  recognized  in  other  comprehensive 
income  when  they  occur,  thus  eliminating  the  corridor  approach  and  accelerating 
recognition  of  past  service  cost.  Net  interest  is  to  be  recognized  in  net  earnings  and 
calculated using the discount rate by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting 
period on high quality corporate bonds. The actual return on plan assets minus net interest 
is to be recognized in other comprehensive income.  

The amendments to IAS 19 shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 
2013.  We  intend  to  adopt  the  amendments  to  IAS  19  in  our  financial  statements  for  the 
annual  period  beginning  on  January  1,  2013.  Our  current  accounting  policy  for  employee 
benefits for the presentation of pension expense and the immediate recognition of actuarial 
gains and losses in other comprehensive income is consistent with the requirements of the 
amended IAS 19 standard. However, additional disclosures and the computation of annual 
expense  based  on  the  application  of  the  discount  rate  to  the  net  defined  benefit  asset  or 
liability will be required in relation to the revised standard. 

Amendments to IAS 1 – Financial Statement Presentation  

In  June  2011,  the  IASB  issued  amendments  to  IAS  1  “Presentation  of  Financial 
Statements”. Items of other comprehensive income and the corresponding tax expense are 
required to be grouped into those that will and will not subsequently be reclassified through 
net earnings.  

Page 31 of 38 

 
These amendments shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after July 1, 2012. We 
intend to adopt the amendments to IAS 1 in our financial statements for the annual period 
beginning  on  January  1,  2013.  We  do  not  expect  the  amendments  to  IAS  1  to  have  a 
material impact on our financial statements. 

Amendments to other IFRS Standards  

In addition, there have been amendments to existing standards, including IFRS 7 Financial 
Instruments:  Disclosure,  IAS  27  Separate  Financial  Statements,  IAS  28  Investments  in 
Associates  and  Joint  Ventures,  and  IAS  32  Financial  Instruments:  Presentation.    IFRS  7 
amendments require disclosure about the effects of offsetting financial assets and financial 
liabilities  and  related  arrangements  on  an  entity’s  financial  position.  IAS  27  addresses 
accounting  for  subsidiaries,  jointly  controlled  entities  and  associates  in  non-consolidated 
financial statements. IAS 28 has been amended to include joint ventures in its scope and to 
address the changes in IFRS 10 to 13. IAS 32 addresses inconsistencies when applying the 
offsetting requirements, and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 
2014.  We  do  not  expect  these  amendments  to  have  a  material  impact  on  our  financial 
statements 

SUPPLEMENTAL NON-GAAP MEASURES 

In  addition  to  providing  measures  prepared  in  accordance  with  GAAP,  we  present  certain 
supplemental non-GAAP measures. These measures are Cash Operating Costs, EBITDA and 
Adjusted  EBITDA,  and  Normalized  Net  Loss.  These  non-GAAP  measures  do  not  have  any 
standardized  meaning prescribed  by  GAAP  and  therefore  are  unlikely  to  be  comparable  to 
similar measures presented by other companies. We believe these measures are useful in 
evaluating  the  operating  performance  and  liquidity  of  the  Company’s  ongoing  business. 
These  measures  should  be  considered  in  addition  to,  and  not  as  a  substitute  for,  net 
income,  cash  flows  and  other  measures  of  financial  performance  and  liquidity  reported  in 
accordance with GAAP. 

Cash Operating Costs  
This  supplemental  non-GAAP  measure  is  provided  to  assist  readers  in  determining  our 
operating  costs  on  a  cash  basis.  We  believe  this  measure  is  useful  in  assessing 
performance  and  highlighting  trends  on  an  overall  basis.  We  also  believe  Cash  Operating 
Costs  is  frequently  used  by  securities  analysts  and  investors  when  comparing  our  results 
with  those  of  other  companies.  Cash  Operating  Costs  differs  from  the  most  comparable 
GAAP  measure,  operating  expenses,  primarily  because  it  does  not  include  stock-based 
compensation  expense,  depreciation  and  amortization,  restructuring  charges,  acquisition 
costs  and  financing  charges.  The  following  table  shows  a  reconciliation  of  operating 
expenses  to  Cash  Operating  Costs  from  continuing  operations  for  the  three  months  and 
years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011: 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Cash Operating Costs  

2012 

Three months ended December 31, 

2011 

8,992 

$  

$ 

Change 

1,055 

Operating Expense 

$ 

10,047 

$ 

  Stock-based compensation (expense)  
recovery 
  Acquisition and integration costs  

  Restructuring charges  

  Financing charges  

  Depreciation and amortization  

(1,555) 

(91) 

- 

(564) 

(504) 

322 

- 

(79) 

- 

(1,034) 

Cash Operating Costs  

$ 

7,333 

$ 

8,201 

$   

(1,877) 

(91) 

79 

(564) 

530 

(868) 

Page 32 of 38 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Cash Operating Costs  

Years ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

Operating Expense 

$ 

38,480 

$ 

44,866 

  Stock-based compensation expense 

  Acquisition and integration costs  

  Restructuring charges 

  Financing charges 

  Depreciation and amortization  

(2,582) 

(274) 

(1,931) 

(564) 

(2,828) 

(2,377) 

- 

(1,356) 

- 

(4,164) 

$  

$ 

Change 

(6,386) 

(205) 

(274) 

(575) 

(564) 

1,336 

Cash Operating Costs  

$ 

30,301 

$ 

36,969 

$   

(6,668) 

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA  
These supplemental non-GAAP measures are provided to assist readers in determining our 
operating  performance  and  ability  to  generate  operating  cash  flow.  We  believe  this 
measure is useful in assessing performance and highlighting trends on an overall basis. We 
also  believe  EBITDA  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  are  frequently  used  by  securities  analysts  and 
investors when comparing our results with those of other companies. EBITDA differs from 
the most comparable GAAP measure, net income attributable to Ballard, primarily because 
it  does  not  include  finance  expense,  income  taxes,  depreciation  of  property,  plant  and 
equipment,  amortization  of  intangible  assets,  and  goodwill  impairment  charges.  Adjusted 
EBITDA  adjusts  EBITDA  for  stock-based  compensation  expense,  transactional  gains  and 
losses, asset impairment charges, finance and other income, and acquisition costs. 

The  following  table  shows  a  reconciliation  of  net  income  attributable  to  Ballard  to  EBITDA 
and  Adjusted  EBITDA  from  continuing  operations  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 and 2011: 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA  

Net loss from continuing operations 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change 

attributable to Ballard 

$ 

(16,809) 

$ 

(7,969) 

$ 

(8,840) 

Depreciation and amortization 

Finance expense 

Income taxes 

1,016 

458 

- 

1,157 

455 

134 

(141) 

3 

(134) 

EBITDA attributable to Ballard 

$ 

(15,335) 

$ 

(6,223) 

$ 

(9,112) 

  Stock-based compensation expense 
(recovery) 
  Acquisition and integration costs  

  Finance and other (income) loss  

  Impairment of goodwill  
  Loss (gain) on sale and impairment of 
property, plant and equipment 

1,555 

91 

(167) 

10,000 

634 

(322) 

- 

(78) 

- 

1,750 

1,877 

91 

(89) 

10,000 

(1,116) 

Page 33 of 38 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA  

$ 

(3,222) 

$ 

(4,873) 

$   

1,651 

 (Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA  

Net loss from continuing operations 

Year ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change 

attributable to Ballard 

$ 

(42,070) 

$ 

(37,175) 

$ 

(4,895) 

Depreciation and amortization 

Finance expense 

Income taxes 

4,840 

1,690 

- 

4,561 

1,392 

134 

279 

298 

(134) 

EBITDA attributable to Ballard 

$ 

(35,540) 

$ 

(31,088) 

$ 

(4,452) 

  Stock-based compensation  

  Acquisition costs  

  Finance and other (income) loss  

  Impairment of goodwill  
  Loss (gain) on sale and impairment of 
property, plant and equipment 

2,582 

274 

(31) 

10,000 

639 

2,377 

- 

(195) 

- 

993 

205 

274 

164 

10,000 

(354) 

Adjusted EBITDA  

$ 

(22,076) 

$ 

(27,913) 

$   

(5,837) 

Normalized Net Loss 

This  supplemental  non-GAAP  measure  is  provided  to  assist  readers  in  determining  our 
financial  performance.  We  believe  this  measure  is  useful  in  assessing  our  actual 
performance by adjusting our results from continuing operations for one-time transactional 
gains  and  losses  and  impairment  losses.  Normalized  Net  Loss  differs  from  the  most 
comparable  GAAP  measure,  net  loss  attributable  to  Ballard  from  continuing  operations, 
primarily because it does not include transactional gains and losses and asset impairment 
charges. 

The following table shows a reconciliation of net loss attributable to Ballard from continuing 
operations  to  Normalized  Net  Loss  for  the  three  months  and  years  ended  December  31, 
2012 and 2011. 

 (Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Normalized Net Loss  

Net loss attributable to Ballard from 

continuing operations  

  Impairment of goodwill  

  Impairment on property, plant and 
equipment  

Normalized Net Loss  

Normalized Net Loss per share 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Normalized Net Loss  

Net loss attributable to Ballard from 

continuing operations  

  Impairment of goodwill  

  Impairment on property, plant and 
equipment  

Normalized Net Loss  

Normalized Net Loss per share 

Three months ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change 

$ 

(16,809) 

$ 

(7,969) 

$ 

(8,840) 

10,000 

570 

- 

1,727 

10,000 

(1,157) 

$ 

$ 

(6,239) 

$   

(6,242) 

(0.07) 

$   

(0.07) 

$   

$   

3 

- 

Years ended December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$  

Change 

$ 

(42,070) 

$ 

(37,175) 

$ 

(4,895) 

10,000 

570 

- 

1,727 

10,000 

(1,157) 

$ 

$ 

(31,500) 

(0.36) 

$ 

$ 

(35,448) 

(0.42) 

$   

$   

3,948 

0.06 

Page 34 of 38 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES AND 
INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING 

Disclosure controls and procedures 

Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that 
relevant  information  is  gathered  and  reported  to  senior  management,  including  the  Chief 
Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), on a timely basis so that 
appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosures. 

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we evaluated, under the supervision and 
with the participation of management, including the CEO and the CFO, the effectiveness of 
the  design  and  operation  of  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  as  defined  in  Rules 
13a–15(e)  and  15d-15(e)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934  (“Exchange  Act”).  The 
CEO  and  CFO  have  concluded  that  as  of  December  31,  2012,  our  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports we 
file  or  submit  under  the  Exchange  Act  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported 
within the time periods specified therein, and accumulated and reported to management to 
allow timely discussions regarding required disclosure. 

Internal control over financial reporting 

The  CEO  and  CFO,  together  with  other  members  of  management,  are  responsible  for 
establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  the  Company’s  financial 
reporting.  Internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  designed  under  our  supervision,  and 
effected  by  the  Company’s  board  of  directors,  management,  and  other  personnel,  to 
provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.  

There  are  inherent  limitations  in  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting,  including  the  possibility  that  misstatements  may  not  be  prevented  or  detected. 
Accordingly,  even  effective  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  can  provide  only 
reasonable  assurance  with  respect  to  financial  statement  preparation.  Furthermore,  the 
effectiveness of internal controls can change with circumstances.  

Management,  including  the  CEO  and  CFO,  have  evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  internal 
control  over  financial  reporting,  as  defined  in  Rules  13a–15(f)  of  the  Exchange  Act,  in 
relation  to  criteria  described  in  Internal  Control–Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on 
this  evaluation,  Management  has  determined  that  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
was effective as of December 31, 2012.  

KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated 
financial  statements  and  expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  thereon.  KPMG  has  also 
expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  on  the  effective  operation  of  our  internal  control  over 
financial reporting as of December 31, 2012. 

Changes in internal control over financial reporting 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012,  there  were  no  material  changes  in  internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  that  have  materially  affected,  or  are  reasonably  likely  to 
materially  affect,  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Our  design  of 
disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  includes 
controls, policies and procedures covering Dantherm Power. 

Page 35 of 38 

 
 
RISKS & UNCERTAINTIES 
An investment in our common shares involves risk. Investors should carefully consider the 
risks and uncertainties described below and in our Annual Information Form. The risks and 
uncertainties described below and in our Annual Information Form are not the only ones we 
face. Additional risks and uncertainties, including those that we do not know about now or 
that  we  currently  deem  immaterial,  may  also  adversely  affect  our  business.  For  a  more 
complete  discussion  of  the  risks  and  uncertainties  which  apply  to  our  business  and  our 
operating results (which are summarized below), please see our Annual Information Form 
and other filings with Canadian (www.sedar.com) and U.S. securities regulatory authorities 
(www.sec.gov).  

Our business entails risks and uncertainties that affect our outlook and eventual results of 
our business and commercialization plans. The primary risks relate to meeting our product 
development and commercialization milestones, which require that our products exhibit the 
functionality,  cost,  durability  and  performance  required  in  a  commercial  product  and  that 
we  have  sufficient  access  to  capital  to  fund  these  activities.  To  be  commercially  useful, 
most of our products must be integrated into products manufactured by system integrators 
or OEMs. There is no guarantee that system integrators or OEMs will provide products that 
use our products as components. There is also a risk that mass markets for certain of our 
products may never develop, or that market acceptance might take longer to develop than 
anticipated.  

A summary of our identified risks and uncertainties are as follows: 

•  We may not be able to achieve commercialization of our products on the timetable 

we anticipate, or at all; 

•  We expect our cash reserves will be reduced due to future operating losses and 

working capital requirements, and we cannot provide certainty as to how long our 
cash reserves will last or that we will be able to access additional capital when 
necessary; 

•  A mass market for our products may never develop or may take longer to develop 

than we anticipate; 

•  We may not be able to successfully execute our business plan; 

• 

In our material handling market, we depend on a single customer for the majority of 
our revenues; 

•  We have limited experience manufacturing fuel cell products on a commercial basis; 

•  Global economic conditions are beyond our control and may have an adverse impact 

on our business or on our key suppliers and / or customers; 

•  Potential fluctuations in our financial and business results make forecasting difficult 

and may restrict our access to funding for our commercialization plan; 

•  We could be adversely affected by risks associated with acquisitions; 

•  We are subject to risks inherent in international operations; 

•  Exchange rate fluctuations are beyond our control and may have a material adverse 

effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and profitability; 

•  Commodity price fluctuations are beyond our control and may have a material 

Page 36 of 38 

 
adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and 
profitability; 

•  We are dependent upon Original Equipment Manufacturers and Systems Integrators 

to purchase certain of our products; 

•  We are dependent on third party suppliers for the supply of key materials and 

components for our products; 

•  We currently face and will continue to face significant competition; 

•  We could lose or fail to attract the personnel necessary to run our business; 

•  Public Policy and regulatory changes could hurt the market for our products; 

•  We depend on our intellectual property, and our failure to protect that intellectual 

property could adversely affect our future growth and success; 

•  We could be liable for environmental damages resulting from our research, 

development or manufacturing operations; and 

•  Our products use flammable fuels, which could subject our business to product 

liability claims. 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS DISCLAIMER 

This  document  contains  forward-looking  statements  that  are  based  on  the  beliefs  of 
management  and  reflect  our  current  expectations  as  contemplated  under  the  safe  harbor 
provisions  of  Section  21E  of  the  United  States  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as 
amended.  Such statements include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to our 
objectives,  goals,  liquidity,  sources  of  capital  and  our  outlook  including  our  estimated 
revenue and gross margins, cash flow from operations, Cash Operating Costs, EBITDA and 
Adjusted EBITDA (see Non-GAAP Measures) contained in our “Business Outlook”, as well as 
statements  with  respect  to  our  beliefs,  plans,  objectives,  expectations,  anticipations, 
estimates  and  intentions.  Words  such  as  "estimate",  "project",  "believe",  "anticipate", 
"intend",  "expect",  "plan",  "predict",  "may",  "should",  "will",  the  negatives  of  these  words 
or  other  variations  thereof  and  comparable  terminology  are  intended  to  identify  forward-
looking  statements.  These  statements  are  not  guarantees  of  future  performance  and 
involve assumptions, risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict.  

In  particular,  these  forward-looking  statements  are  based  on  certain  factors  and 
assumptions  disclosed  in  our  “Outlook”  as  well  as  specific  assumptions  relating  to  our 
expectations with respect to the generation of new sales, producing, delivering and selling 
the  expected  product  volumes  at  the  expected  prices,  and  controlling  our  costs.  They  are 
also based on a variety of general factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, our 
expectations  regarding  product  development  efforts,  manufacturing  capacity,  product 
pricing,  market  demand,  and  the  availability  and  prices  of  raw  materials,  labour  and 
supplies. These assumptions have been derived from information available to the Company 
including information obtained by the Company from third parties. These assumptions may 
prove  to  be  incorrect  in  whole  or  in  part.  In  addition,  actual  results  may  differ  materially 
from  those  expressed,  implied,  or  forecasted  in  such  forward-looking  statements.  Factors 
that  could  cause  our  actual  results  or  outcomes  to  differ  materially  from  the  results 
expressed,  implied  or  forecasted  in  such  forward-looking  statements  include,  but  are  not 
limited to: the condition of the global economy; the rate of mass adoption of our products; 
changes  in  product  pricing;  changes  in  our  customers'  requirements,  the  competitive 

Page 37 of 38 

 
environment  and  related  market  conditions;  product  development  delays;  changes  in  the 
availability  or  price  of  raw  materials,  labour  and  supplies;  our  ability  to  attract  and  retain 
business  partners,  suppliers,  employees  and  customers;  changing  environmental 
regulations; our access to funding and our ability to provide the capital required for product 
development,  operations  and  marketing  efforts,  and  working  capital  requirements;  our 
ability  to  protect  our  intellectual  property;  the  magnitude  of  the  rate  of  change  of  the 
Canadian dollar versus the U.S. dollar; and the general assumption that none of the risks 
identified in the Risks and Uncertainties section of this report or in our most recent Annual 
Information  Form  will  materialize.  Readers  should  not  place  undue  reliance  on  Ballard's 
forward-looking statements.  

The  forward-looking  statements  contained  in  this  document  speak  only  as  of  the  date  of 
this  Management  Discussion  and  Analysis.  Except  as  required  by  applicable  legislation, 
Ballard  does  not  undertake  any  obligation  to  release  publicly  any  revisions  to  these 
forward-looking  statements  to  reflect  events  or  circumstances  after  the  date  of  this 
Management Discussion and Analysis, including the occurrence of unanticipated events.  

Page 38 of 38 

 
Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Expressed in U.S. dollars) 

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 

Years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT 

Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements and 
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting  

The  consolidated  financial  statements  contained  in  this  Annual  Report  have  been 
prepared  by  management  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.  The 
integrity  and  objectivity  of  the  data  in  these  consolidated  financial  statements  are 
management’s  responsibility.    Management  is  also  responsible  for  all  other 
information in the Annual Report and for ensuring that this information is consistent, 
where  appropriate,  with  the  information  and  data  contained  in  the  consolidated 
financial statements. 

Management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal 
control over financial reporting.  Internal control over financial reporting is a process 
designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial 
reporting  and  the  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  for  external 
reporting purposes in accordance with IFRS.  Internal control over financial reporting 
may not prevent or detect fraud or misstatements because of limitations inherent in 
any  system  of  internal  control.    Management  has  assessed  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Corporation’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  the  framework  in 
Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission,  and  concluded  that  the  Corporation’s 
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  effective  as  of  December  31,  2012.   In 
addition,  management  maintains  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  provide 
reasonable  assurance  that  material  information  is  communicated  to  management 
and  appropriately  disclosed.    Some  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  include  amounts, 
which  are  based  on  estimates  and  judgments,  as  their  final  determination  is 
dependent on future events. 

The Board of Directors oversees management’s responsibilities for financial reporting 
through  the  Audit  Committee,  which  consists of  four  directors  who  are  independent 
and  not  involved  in  the  daily  operations  of  the  Corporation.    The  Audit  Committee 
meets on a regular basis with management and the external and internal auditors to 
discuss  internal  controls  over  the  financial  reporting  process,  auditing  matters  and 
financial  reporting  issues.    The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible  for  appointing  the 
external auditors (subject to shareholder approval), and reviewing and approving all 
financial disclosure contained in our public documents and related party transactions. 

 
 
 
The  external  auditors,  KPMG  LLP,  have  audited  the  financial  statements  and 
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.  KPMG has also expressed an unqualified 
opinion on the effective operation of the internal controls over financial reporting as 
of December 31, 2012.  The external auditors have full access to management and 
the Audit Committee with respect to their findings concerning the fairness of financial 
reporting and the adequacy of internal controls. 

“JOHN SHERIDAN” 

“TONY GUGLIELMIN” 

JOHN SHERIDAN 
President and  
Chief Executive Officer 
February 20, 2013  

TONY GUGLIELMIN 
Vice President and  
Chief Financial Officer 
February 20, 2013 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KPMG LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
PO Box 10426 777 Dunsmuir Street 
Vancouver BC V7Y 1K3 
Canada 

Telephone   (604) 691-3000 
(604) 691-3031 
Fax 
www.kpmg.ca 
Internet 

REPORT  OF  INDEPENDENT  REGISTERED  PUBLIC  ACCOUNTING 
FIRM 

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position  of  Ballard  Power 
Systems  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  as  at  December  31,  2012  and  December  31,  2011  and  the  related 
consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  loss,  changes  in  equity  and  cash  flows  for  the  years  then 
ended.  These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company's  management. 
Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  these  consolidated  financial  statements  based  on  our 
audits. 

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards  and  the 
standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require 
that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial 
statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement.  An  audit  includes  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence 
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the 
accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the 
overall  financial  statement  presentation.  We  believe  that  our  audits  provide  a  reasonable  basis  for  our 
opinion. 

In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  referred  to  above  present  fairly,  in  all  material 
respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 
2011, and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the years then ended 
in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board. 

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  assuming  that  the  Company 
will continue as a going concern. As discussed in note 2(e) to the consolidated financial statements, the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern and realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and 
commitments in the normal course of business is dependent on it having sufficient liquidity and achieving 
profitable  operations  that  are  sustainable.    These  conditions  indicate  the  existence  of  a  material 
uncertainty  that  casts  substantial  doubt  about  the  Company's  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern. 
Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in note 2(e). The consolidated financial 
statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this material uncertainty. 

KPMG LLP is a Canadian limited liability partnership and a member firm of the KPMG 
network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative  
(“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity.  
KPMG Canada provides services to KPMG LLP.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight 
Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, 
based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 20, 2013 
expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting. 

KPMG LLP 

Chartered Accountants 

February 20, 2013 
Vancouver, Canada 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KPMG LLP 
Chartered Accountants 
PO Box 10426 777 Dunsmuir Street 
Vancouver BC V7Y 1K3 
Canada 

Telephone   (604) 691-3000 
(604) 691-3031 
Fax 
www.kpmg.ca 
Internet 

REPORT  OF  INDEPENDENT  REGISTERED  PUBLIC  ACCOUNTING 
FIRM 

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

We have audited Ballard Power Systems Inc.’s (“the Company”) internal control over financial reporting 
as  of  December 31,  2012,  based  on  the  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework 
issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (COSO).  The 
Company’s  management  is  responsible  for  maintaining  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
and  for  its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the 
section entitled “Management’s Report on Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Controls over 
Financial Reporting” under the heading “Internal control over financial reporting” included in Management 
Discussion and Analysis.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting based on our audit. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material 
respects.  Our  audit  included  obtaining  an  understanding  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting, 
assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating 
effectiveness  of  internal  control  based  on  the  assessed  risk.  Our  audit  also  included  performing  such 
other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a 
reasonable basis for our opinion. 

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable 
assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for 
external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal 
control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance 
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the 
assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to 
permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles, 
and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with 
authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3) provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk 
that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance 
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial 
reporting  as  of  December 31,  2012,  based  on  the  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). 

KPMG LLP is a Canadian limited liability partnership and a member firm of the KPMG 
network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative  
(“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity.  
KPMG Canada provides services to KPMG LLP.  

 
 
 
 
 
We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards  and  the 
standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States),  the  consolidated 
statements of financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, and 
the  related  consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  loss,  changes  in  equity  and  cash  flows  for  the 
years  then  ended,  and  our  report  dated  February  20,  2013  expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  on  those 
consolidated financial statements. 

KPMG LLP 

Chartered Accountants 

February 20, 2013 
Vancouver, Canada 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Assets 

Current assets: 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Short-term investments 
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 

Assets classified as held for sale  
Total current assets 

Property, plant and equipment  
Intangible assets 
Goodwill  
Investments  
Long-term trade receivables 
Other long-term assets 
Total assets 

Liabilities  

Current liabilities: 
Bank operating line 
Trade and other payables 
Deferred revenue 
Provisions  
Finance lease liability 
Convertible debenture 

Liabilities classified as held for sale 
Total current liabilities 

Finance lease liability  
Deferred gain 
Provisions  
Convertible debenture 
Employee future benefits 
Total liabilities 

Equity: 

Share capital 
Treasury shares 
Contributed surplus 
Accumulated deficit 
Foreign currency reserve 

Total equity attributable to equity holders 

Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interests 

Total equity 
Total liabilities and equity 

Subsequent events (note 29) 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

Approved on behalf of the Board: 

“Ed Kilroy” 

Director   

“Ian Bourne”    

Director

Note  

December 31, 
 2012 

December 31, 
2011 

$ 

$ 

$ 

20,316 
25,878 
17,164 
13,614 
934 
77,906 
- 
77,906 

35,085 
2,249 
48,106 
635 
1,126 
183 
165,290 

4,587 
22,693 
3,560 
9,573 
978 
- 
41,391 
- 
41,391 

13,749 
5,653 
4,733 
1,733 
5,686 
72,945 

7 
8 

28 

9 
10 
11 
12 
7 

$ 

9,770 
12,068 
16,374 
11,277 
1,011 
50,500 
10,798 
61,298 

24,316 
4,194 
36,291 
667 
594 
187 
$  127,547 

13 
14 

$ 

9,358 
12,215 
3,705 
9,423 
1,043 
2,924 
38,668 
1,423 
40,091 

13,011 
5,193 
5,089 
- 
6,161 
69,545 

15 
13 & 16 
17 

28 

13 & 16 

15 
17 
18 

19 
19 
19 

845,630 

(313) 

291,184 

  (1,074,181) 

92 
62,412 
(4,410) 
58,002 
$  127,547 

837,686 
(515)
289,219 
(1,031,279)
209 
95,320 
(2,975)
92,345 
165,290 

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss 
For the year ended December 31  
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

Revenues: 

Product and service revenues 

Cost of product and service revenues 

Gross margin 

Operating expenses: 

Research and product development 

General and administrative 

Sales and marketing 

Total operating expenses 

Results from operating activities 

  Finance income and other 

  Finance expense 

Net finance expense 

Gain (loss) on sale of property, plant and equipment  

Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment 

Impairment loss on goodwill  

Loss before income taxes 

Income tax expense 

Net loss from continuing operations  

Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations  

Net loss  

Foreign currency translation differences 

Defined benefit plan actuarial losses 

Net gain (loss) on hedge of forward contracts  

Comprehensive loss 

Net loss attributable to: 

Note 

2012 

2011 
(restated – note 28)

 $ 

43,690 

 $ 

36,321 

7,369 

19,273 

12,306 

6,901 

38,480 

55,773 

48,494 

7,279 

24,896 

11,455 

8,515 

44,866 

27 

27 

9 

9 

11 

23 

28 

18 

(31,111) 

(37,587)

31 

(1,690) 

(1,659) 

(69) 

(570) 

(10,000) 

(43,409) 

- 

(43,409) 

(65) 

195 

(1,392)

 (1,197)

734 

(1,727)

- 

(39,777)

(134)

 (39,911)

3,755 

$ 

(43,474)  $ 

(36,156)

(186) 

(807) 

(20) 

363 

 (2,905)

20 

 $ 

(44,487) 

 $ 

(38,678)

  Ballard Power Systems Inc. from continuing operations 

$ 

(42,070)  $ 

(37,175)

  Ballard Power Systems Inc. from discontinued operations 

  Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interest  

Net loss 

Comprehensive loss attributable to: 

  Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

  Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interest  

Comprehensive loss 

Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to Ballard Power Systems Inc.  

  Continuing operations  

  Discontinued operations  

  Net loss 

(65) 

(1,339) 

3,755 

(2,736)

$ 

(43,474)  $ 

(36,156)

$ 

(43,059)  $ 

(36,116)

(1,428) 

(2,562)

$ 

(44,487)  $ 

(38,678)

$ 

$ 

$ 

(0.48)  $ 

(0.00)  $ 

(0.48)  $ 

(0.44)

0.04 

(0.40)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 

87,591,501 

84,440,970 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity  
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share amounts and number of shares)  

Ballard Power Systems Inc. Equity 

Number of 
shares 

Share 
capital 

    Treasury 
shares 

    Contributed 
surplus 

    Accumulated 
deficit 

Dantherm 
Power A/S 

Non- 
 controlling 
interests 

Foreign 
currency  
reserve 

Total 
equity 

Balance, December 31, 2010  

84,148,465    $ 

836,245    $ 

(670)   $ 

289,444    $ 

(995,023)  

$ 

-   

$ 

(413)   $  129,583 

Balance, December 31, 2011 

84,550,524    $ 

837,686    $ 

(515)   $ 

289,219    $  (1,031,279)  

$ 

209   

$ 

(2,975)   $ 

92,345 

Net loss 

Non-dilutive financing  

Purchase of treasury shares  

RSUs redeemed  

Options exercised  

Share distribution plan 

Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Foreign currency translation for  
  foreign operations 

Defined benefit plan actuarial loss  

Net gain on hedge of forward contracts 

Net loss 

Acquisition (note 6)  

Additional investment in 
  Dantherm Power A/S  

Purchase of treasury shares  

DSUs redeemed  

RSUs redeemed  

Options exercised  

Share distribution plan 

Other comprehensive loss: 

Foreign currency translation for  
  foreign operations 

Defined benefit plan actuarial loss  

Net loss on hedge of forward 
contracts 

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

(327)    

(60)    

-     

-     

(33,420)  

376,225     

1,393     

482     

(2,769)    

25,834     

-     

-     

-     

-     

48     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

(8)    

2,612     

-     

-     

-     

-   

-   

69   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

(2,736)    

(36,156)

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

(60)

(327)

(825)

40 

2,612 

-   

189   

174     

363 

(2,905)  

-   

-   

20   

-     

(2,905)

-     

20 

52,120     

314     

-     

(358)    

49,095     

113     

208     

(415)    

40   

-     

-     

7,136,237     

7,493     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

(6)    

-     

-     

13,501     

-     

-     

-     

-     

24     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

-     

(42,135)  

-   

-   

-   

-   

(7)    

2,745     

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

(1,339)    

(43,474)

-    

7,493 

(7)    

-    

-    

-    

-    

(7)

(6)

(44)

(54)

17 

-    

2,745 

-     

-     

-     

-   

(97)  

(89)    

(186)

(807)  

-   

-   

(20)  

-    

-    

(807)

(20)

Balance, December 31, 2012 

91,801,477    $  845,630    $ 

(313)   $  291,184    $ (1,074,181)   $ 

92   

$  (4,410)   $  58,002

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended December 31  
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Cash provided by (used for): 

Operating activities: 

Net loss for the year 
Adjustments for: 

Compensatory shares 
Employee future benefits 
Depreciation and amortization 
Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant and equipment 
Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment 
Impairment loss on goodwill  
Unrealized loss (gain) on forward contracts  

Changes in non-cash working capital: 

Trade and other receivables 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 
Trade and other payables 
Deferred revenue 
Warranty provision 

  Note 

2012 

2011 

9 
9 
11 

$ 

(43,474) 

$ 

(36,156) 

2,746 

(331) 

6,184 
69 
1,070 
11,815 

(285) 
(22,206) 

65 
4,434 

(151) 
(10,459) 

166 
5 

(5,940) 

2,646 
(172) 
5,906 
(734) 
1,727 
- 
285 
(26,498) 

(4,317) 
(1,293) 
42 
(1,691) 
1,052 
(516) 
(6,723) 

Cash used by operating activities 

$ 

(28,146) 

$ 

(33,221) 

Investing activities: 

Net decrease (increase) in short-term investments 
Additions to property, plant and equipment 
Net proceeds on sale of property, plant and equipment and other 
Net investments in associated companies 
Other investment activities  

Financing activities: 

Non-dilutive financing 
Purchase of treasury shares 
Payment of finance lease liabilities 
Net proceeds from bank operating line 
Net proceeds on issuance of share capital 
Proceeds on issuance of convertible debenture from  
  Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interests 

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents held  

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period 

13,810 
(1,168) 

424 
(32) 
(9) 

$ 

13,025 

$ 

- 
(6) 
(999) 

4,771 
17 
862 

12 

13 

17 

(3,370) 
(4,107) 
3,666 
36 
- 

(3,775) 

(60) 
(327) 
(830) 
4,587 
40 
1,718 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

4,645 

$ 

5,128 

(70) 

$ 

247 

(10,546) 

$ 

(31,621) 

20,316 

9,770 

$ 

51,937 

20,316 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information (note 25). 

Cash flows of discontinued operations (note 28). 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

1.  Reporting entity: 

The  principal  business  of  Ballard  Power  Systems  Inc.  (the  “Corporation”)  is  the  design, 

development, manufacture, sale and service of fuel cell products for a variety of applications, 

focusing on motive power (material handling and buses) and stationary power (back-up power 

and  distributed  generation)  markets;  and  engineering  services  for  a  variety  of  fuel  cell 

applications.    A  fuel  cell  is  an  environmentally  clean  electrochemical  device  that  combines 

hydrogen fuel with oxygen (from the air) to produce electricity.  The Corporation’s technology 

is based on proton exchange membrane (“PEM”) fuel cells.   

The Corporation is a company domiciled in Canada and its registered office is located at 9000 

Glenlyon  Parkway,  Burnaby,  British  Columbia,  Canada,  V5J  5J8.    The  consolidated  financial 

statements of the Corporation as at and for the year ended December 31, 2012 comprise the 

Corporation and its subsidiaries (note 3(a)). 

2.  Basis of preparation: 

(a)  Statement of compliance: 

These consolidated financial statements of the Corporation have been prepared in accordance 

with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  as  issued  by  the  International 

Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).   

The  consolidated  financial  statements  were  authorized  for  issue  by  the  Board  of  Directors  on 

February 20, 2013. 

(b)  Basis of measurement: 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  the  historical  cost  basis  except 

for the following material items in the statement of financial position: 

• 

Financial instruments classified as fair value through profit or loss and available-for-

sale are measured at fair value; 

•  Derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value; and 

• 

Employee future benefits liability is recognized as the net total of the present value 

of the defined benefit obligation, less the fair value of plan assets. 

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

2.  Basis of preparation (cont’d): 

(c)  Functional and presentation currency: 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  U.S.  dollars,  which  is  the 

Corporation’s functional currency.   

(d)  Use of estimates: 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the 

Corporation’s  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of 

accounting  policies  and  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  

Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.    Revisions  to 

accounting  estimates  are  recognized  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimates  are  revised  and  in 

any future periods affected. 

Significant areas having estimation uncertainty include revenue recognition, asset impairment, 

warranty  provision,  inventory  provision,  employee  future  benefits,  and  income  taxes.    These 

estimates and assumptions are discussed further in note 4. 

(e)  Going concern: 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  assuming  the  Corporation  will 

continue as a going concern.  The Corporation is required to assess its ability to continue as a 

going concern or whether substantial doubt exists as to the Corporation’s ability to continue as 

a  going  concern  into  the  foreseeable  future.    While  the  Corporation  believes  that  it  has 

adequate  liquidity  in  cash,  working  capital  and  non-core  asset  monetization  opportunities 

(notes 28 & 29) to finance its operations, there are material risks and uncertainties that cause 

substantial  doubt  as  to  the  Corporation’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  The 

Corporation’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  and  realize  its  assets  and  discharge  its 

liabilities  and  commitments  in  the  normal  course  of  business  is  dependent  upon  the 

Corporation having adequate liquidity and achieving profitable operations that are sustainable. 

There  are  various  risks  and  uncertainties  affecting  the  Corporation  including,  but  not  limited 

to,  the  market  acceptance  and  rate  of  commercialization  of  the  Corporation’s  products,  the 

ability  of  the  Corporation  to  successfully  execute  its  business  plan,  and  general  global 

economic conditions, certain of which are beyond the Corporation’s control.  

The  Corporation’s  strategy  to  mitigate  these  risks  and  uncertainties  is  to  execute  a  business 

plan aimed at continued focus on Fuel Cell Products revenue growth, improving overall gross 

margins,  managing  operating  expenses  and  working  capital  requirements,  and  securing 

additional  financing  to  fund  its  operations  as  needed  including  the  sale  of  non-core  assets 

(notes 28 &  29).  Failure to implement this plan could have a material adverse effect on the 

Corporation’s financial condition and or results of operations.  

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

2.  Basis of preparation (cont’d): 

(e) Going concern (cont’d): 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  do  not  include  any  adjustments  or  disclosures  that 

would be required if assets are not realized and liabilities and commitments are not settled in 

the normal course of operations. 

3.  Significant accounting policies: 

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented 

in these consolidated financial statements, unless otherwise indicated. 

Certain  prior  year  comparative  figures  have  been  reclassified  to  comply  with  current  year 

presentation. 

(a)  Basis of consolidation: 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Corporation and its principal 

subsidiaries as follows: 

Ballard Fuel Cell Systems Inc.  

Ballard Material Products Inc. 

Ballard Power Corporation 

Dantherm Power A/S 

Percentage ownership 

2012 

100% 

100% 

100% 

52% - 57% 

2011 

- 

100% 

100% 

52% 

Subsidiaries are entities over which the Corporation exercises control, where control is defined 

as the power to govern financial and operating policies, generally owning greater than 50% of 

the  voting  rights.    The  financial  statements  of  subsidiaries  are  included  in  the  consolidated 

financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. 

Intercompany  balances  and  transactions  are  eliminated  in  the  consolidated  financial 

statements.  

The  Corporation  acquired  a  45%  interest  in  Dantherm  Power  A/S  on  January  18,  2010.    The 

Corporation acquired an additional 7% interest in Dantherm Power A/S in August 2010 and a 

further  5%  interest  in  December  2012.    As  the  Corporation  obtained  control  over  Dantherm 

Power  A/S  as  of  the  date  of  acquisition  of  the  45%  interest,  Dantherm  Power  A/S  has  been 

consolidated since acquisition on January 18, 2010. 

Acquisitions  of  non-controlling  interest  are  accounted  as  transactions  with  equity  holders  in 

their  capacity  as  equity  holders;  therefore  no  goodwill  is  recognized  as  a  result  of  such 

transactions. 

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.   Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(b)  Foreign currency: 

(i)  Foreign currency transactions 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of 

the Corporation and its subsidiaries at the exchange rate in effect at the transaction date.  

Monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  other  than  the  functional  currency  are 

translated  at  the  exchange  rates  in  effect  at  the  balance  sheet  date.    The  resulting 

exchange gains and losses are recognized in earnings.  Non-monetary assets and liabilities 

denominated  in  other  than  the  functional  currency  that  are  measured  at  fair  value  are 

translated  to  the  functional  currency  at  the  exchange  rate  at  the  date  that  the  fair  value 

was  determined.    Non-monetary  items  that  are  measured  in  terms  of  historical  cost  in 

other  than  the  functional  currency  are  translated  using  the  exchange  rate  at  the  date  of 

the transaction. 

(ii)  Foreign operations 

The  assets  and  liabilities  of  foreign  operations  are  translated  to  presentation  currency  at 

exchange rates at the reporting date.  The income and expenses of foreign operations are 

translated  to  presentation  currency  at  exchange  rates  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  

Foreign currency differences are recognized in other comprehensive income. 

(c)  (c)  Financial instruments: 

(i)  Financial assets 

The  Corporation  initially  recognizes  loans  and  receivables  and  deposits  on  the  date  that 

they  are  originated  and  all  other  financial  assets  on  the  trade  date  at  which  the 

Corporation  becomes  a  party  to  the  contractual  provisions  of  the  instrument.    The 

Corporation  derecognizes  a  financial  asset  when  the  contractual  rights  to  the  cash  flows 

from  the  asset  expire,  or  when  it  transfers  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of 

ownership of the financial asset.   

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets are classified at fair value through profit or loss if they are held for trading 

or  if  the  Corporation  manages  such  investments  and  makes  purchase  and  sale  decisions 

based  on  their  fair  value  in  accordance  with  the  Corporation’s  documented  risk 

management or investment strategy.  Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

are measured at fair value, and changes therein are recognized in net loss.   

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(c)  Financial instruments (cont’d): 

(i)  Financial assets (cont’d) 

The  Corporation’s  short-term  investments,  consisting  of  highly  liquid  interest  bearing 

securities with maturities at the date of purchase between three months and three years, 

are classified as held for trading.   

The  Corporation  also  periodically  enters  into  platinum  futures  and  foreign  exchange 

forward  contracts  to  limit  its  exposure  to  platinum  price  and  foreign  currency  rate 

fluctuations.    These  derivatives  are  recognized  initially  at  fair  value  and  are  recorded  as 

either assets or liabilities based on their fair value.  Subsequent to initial recognition, these 

derivatives are measured at fair value and changes to their value are recorded through net 

loss, unless these financial instruments are designated as hedges (note 3 (c)(iv)). 

Loans and receivables 

Loans  and  receivables  are  financial  assets  with  fixed  or  determinable  payments  that  are 

not  quoted  in  an  active  market.    Such  assets  are  recognized  initially  at  fair  value  and 

subsequently  at  amortized  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method,  less  any  impairment 

losses.    Loans  and  receivables  are  comprised  of  the  Corporation’s  trade  and  other 

receivables.   

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit and highly liquid short-term interest-

bearing  securities  with  original  maturities  of  three  months  or  less  and  are  initially 

measured  at 

fair  value,  and  subsequently  measured  at  amortized  cost,  which 

approximates fair value due to the short-term and liquid nature of these assets. 

Available-for-sale financial assets 

Available-for-sale  financial  assets  are  non-derivative  financial  assets  that  are  designated 

as  available-for-sale  and  that  are  not  classified  in  any  of  the  previous  categories.    The 

Corporation’s investment in Chrysalix Energy Limited Partnership (“Chrysalix”) is classified 

as available-for-sale financial assets.  Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured 

at  fair  value  and  changes  therein,  other  than  impairment  losses  and  foreign  currency 

differences,  are  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income.    When  an  investment  is 

derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss in other comprehensive income is transferred to 

profit or loss. 

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(c)  Financial instruments (cont’d): 

(i)  Financial assets (cont’d) 

Determination of fair value 

The fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss and available-for-sale 

are determined by reference to their quoted closing bid price at the reporting date if they 

are  traded  in  an  active  market.    For  derivative  instruments  (foreign  exchange  forward 

contracts,  platinum  futures  contracts),  fair  value  is  estimated  by  Management  based  on 

their listed market price or broker quotes that include adjustments to take account of the 

credit  risk  of  the  Corporation  and  the  counterparty  when  appropriate.    The  fair  value  of 

loans and receivables is estimated as the present value of future cash flows, discounted at 

the market rate of interest at the reporting date.    

(ii)  Financial liabilities 

Financial  liabilities  comprise  the  Corporation’s  trade  and  other  payables.    The  financial 

liabilities  are  initially  recognized  on  the  date  they  are  originated  and  are  derecognized 

when  the  contractual  obligations  are  discharged  or  cancelled  or  expire.    These  financial 

liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently are measured at amortized 

costs  using  the  effective  interest  method,  when  materially  different  from  the  initial 

amount.    Fair  value  is  determined  based  on  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows, 

discounted at the market rate of interest. 

(iii) Share capital 

Share capital is classified as equity.  Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of 

shares and share options are recognized as a deduction from equity.  When share capital 

is repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, including directly attributable costs, 

is  recognized  as  a  deduction  from  equity.    Repurchased  shares  are  classified  as  treasury 

shares  and  are  presented  as  a  deduction  from  equity.    When  treasury  shares  are 

subsequently  reissued,  the  amount  received  is  recognized  as  an  increase  in  equity,  and 

the  resulting  surplus  or  deficit  on  the  transaction  is  transferred  to  or  from  retained 

earnings. 

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(c)  Financial instruments (cont’d): 

(iv) Derivative financial instruments, including hedge accounting 

The  Corporation  periodically  holds  derivative  financial  instruments  to  hedge  its  foreign 

currency  risk  exposures  that  are  designated  as  the  hedging  instrument  in  a  hedge 

relationship. 

On  initial  designation  of  the  hedge,  the  Corporation  formally  documents  the  relationship 

between  the  hedging  instrument  and  hedged  item,  including  the  risk  management 

objectives  and  strategy  in  undertaking  the  hedge  transaction,  together  with  the  methods 

that will be used to assess the effectiveness of the hedging relationship.  

The Corporation makes an assessment, both at the inception of the hedge relationship as 

well as on an ongoing basis, whether the hedging instruments are expected to be “highly 

effective” in offsetting the changes in the fair value or cash flows of the respective hedged 

items during the period for which the hedge is designated, and whether the actual results 

of each hedge are within a range of 80-125 percent.  For a cash flow hedge of a forecast 

transaction,  the  transaction  should  be  highly  probable  to  occur  and  should  present  an 

exposure to variations in cash flows that could ultimately affect reported net income. 

Derivatives  are  recognized  initially  at  fair  value;  attributable  transaction  costs  are 

recognized  in  profit  or  loss  as  incurred.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  derivatives  are 

measured at fair value, and changes therein are accounted for as described below. 

Cash flow hedges 

When a derivative is designated as the hedging instrument in a hedge of the variability in 

cash flows attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability or 

a highly probable forecast transaction that could affect profit or loss, the effective portion 

of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized in other comprehensive income 

and  presented  in  unrealized  gains/losses  on  cash  flow  hedges  in  equity.  The  amount 

recognized in other comprehensive income is removed and included in profit or loss in the 

same period as the hedged cash flows affect profit or loss under the same line item in the 

statement  of  comprehensive  income  as  the  hedged  item.  Any  ineffective  portion  of 

changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized immediately in profit or loss. 

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(c)  Financial instruments (cont’d): 

(iv) Derivative financial instruments, including hedge accounting (cont’d) 

If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is 

sold,  terminated,  exercised,  or  the  designation  is  revoked,  then  hedge  accounting  is 

discontinued  prospectively.  The  cumulative  gain  or  loss  previously  recognized  in  other 

comprehensive  income  and  presented  in  unrealized  gains/losses  on  cash  flow  hedges  in 

equity remains there until the forecast transaction affects profit or loss.  

If  the  forecast  transaction  is  no  longer  expected  to  occur,  then  the  balance  in  other 

comprehensive  income  is  recognized  immediately  in  profit  or  loss.  In  other  cases  the 

amount  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  is  transferred  to  profit  or  loss  in  the 

same period that the hedged item affects profit or loss. 

Other non-trading derivatives 

When  a  derivative  financial  instrument  is  not  held  for  trading,  and  is  not  designated  in  a 

qualifying  hedge  relationship,  all  changes  in  its  fair  value  are  recognized  immediately  in 

profit or loss. 

(d) Inventories: 

Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value.  The cost of inventories 

is based on the first-in first-out principle, and includes expenditures incurred in acquiring the 

inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing them to their 

existing location and condition.  In the case of manufactured inventories and work in progress, 

cost includes materials, labor and appropriate share of production overhead based on normal 

operating capacity.  Costs of materials are determined on an average per unit basis.   

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the 

estimated  costs  of  completion  and  selling  expenses.    In  establishing  any  impairment  of 

inventory, management estimates the likelihood that inventory carrying values will be affected 

by  changes  in  market  demand,  technology  and  design,  which  would  impair  the  value  of 

inventory on hand. 

(e)  Property, plant and equipment: 

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and 

accumulated impairment losses.  Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the 

acquisition  of  the  asset.    The  cost  of  self-constructed  assets  includes  the  cost  of  materials, 

costs directly attributable to bringing the assets to a working condition for their intended use, 

and  the  costs  of  dismantling  and  removing  items  and  restoring  the  site  on  which  they  are 

located. 

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(e)  Property, plant and equipment (cont’d): 

When parts  of an item of property, plant and equipment have  different useful lives, they are 

accounted for as separate items (major components). 

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  depreciated  from  the  date  of  acquisition  or,  in  respect  of 

internally constructed assets, from the time an asset is completed and ready for use, using the 

straight-line  method  less  its  residual  value  over  the  estimated  useful  lives  of  the  assets  as 

follows: 

Building 

Building under finance lease 

Computer equipment 

Furniture and fixtures 

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease  

20 years 

15 years 

3 to 7 years 

5 to 14 years 

5 years 

Leasehold improvements 

The shorter of initial term of the respective lease and 

Production and test equipment 

Production and test equipment under finance lease 

estimated useful life 

4 to 15 years 

5 years 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year-end 

and adjusted if appropriate.  

Gains and losses on  disposal of property, plant and equipment are determined by comparing 

the  proceeds  from  disposal  with  the  carrying  amount  of  property,  plant  and  equipment,  and 

are recognized net within other income in profit or loss.  

(f) Leases:  

Leases where the Corporation assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are 

classified  as  finance  leases.    Upon  initial  recognition  the  leased  asset  is  measured  at  an 

amount  equal  to  the  lower  of  its  fair  value  and  the  present  value  of  the  minimum  lease 

payments. Subsequent to initial recognition, the asset is accounted for in accordance with the 

accounting  policy  applicable  to  that  asset.  Other  leases  are  operating  leases  and  not 

recognized in the statement of financial position.  

Minimum  lease  payments  made  under  finance  leases  are  apportioned  between  the  finance 

expense  and  the  reduction  of  the  outstanding  liability.    The  finance  expense  is  allocated  to 

each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the 

remaining balance of the liability. 

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(f) Leases (cont’d):  

Payments made under operating leases are recognized in income on a straight-line basis over 

the  term  of  the  lease.  Lease  incentives  received  are  recognized  as  a  reduction  to  the  lease 

expense over the term of the lease. 

(g)  Goodwill and intangible assets: 

Goodwill  is  recognized  as  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  transferred  including  the 

recognized  amount  of  any  non-controlling  interest  in  the  acquiree,  less  the  fair  value  of  the 

net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as of the acquisition date. Subsequent 

to initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.   

Goodwill  acquired  in  a  business  combination  is  allocated  to  groups  of  cash  generating  units 

that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. 

Intangible assets consist of fuel cell technology acquired from third parties and are recorded at 

cost  less  accumulated  amortization  and  impairment  losses.    Intangible  assets  less  their 

residual  values  are  amortized  over  their  estimated  useful  lives  of  5  years  using  the  straight-

line method from the date that they are available for use.  Amortization methods, useful lives 

and  residual  values  are  reviewed  annually  and  adjusted  if  appropriate.    Costs  incurred  in 

establishing  and  maintaining  patents  and  license  agreements  are  expensed  in  the  period 

incurred. 

Research costs are expensed as they are incurred.  Product development costs are expensed 

as incurred except when they meet specific criteria for capitalization.  Development activities 

involve  a  plan  or  design  for  the  production  of  new  or  substantially  improved  products  and 

processes.    Development  costs  are  capitalized  only  if  costs  can  be  measured  reliably,  the 

product  or  process  is  technically  and  commercially  feasible,  future  economic  benefits  are 

probable and the Corporation intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development 

to use or sell the asset.  Capitalized development costs are measured at cost less accumulated 

amortization and accumulated impairment losses.   Capitalized development  costs, if any, are 

amortized when commercial production begins, using the straight-line method over a period of 

5 years.  

21

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(h)  Impairment: 

(i)  Financial assets 

Financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss are assessed for impairment 

at  each  reporting  date  by  determining  whether  there  is  objective  evidence  that  indicates 

that  a  loss  event  has  occurred  after  the  initial  recognition  of  the  asset,  and  that  the  loss 

event  had  a  negative  effect  on  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  of  that  asset  that  can  be 

estimated reliably.  

Impairment 

losses  on  available-for-sale 

investment  securities  are  recognized  by 

transferring the cumulative loss that has been recognized in other comprehensive income, 

and  presented  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  in  equity,  to  net  loss.    The 

cumulative loss that is removed from other comprehensive income and recognized in net 

loss  is  the  difference  between  the  acquisition  cost,  net  of  any  principal  repayment  and 

amortization, and the current fair value less any impairment loss previously recognized in 

net  loss.    If  subsequently  the  fair  value  of  an  impaired  available-for-sale  security 

increases,  then  the  impairment  loss  is  reversed,  with  the  amount  of  the  reversal 

recognized in net loss.  However, any subsequent recovery in the fair value of an impaired 

available for sale equity security is recognized in other comprehensive income. 

(ii)  Non-financial assets  

The carrying amounts of the Corporation’s non-financial assets other than inventories are 

reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of 

impairment.    If  any  such  indication  exists,  then  the  asset’s  recoverable  amount  is 

estimated.    For  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  that  have  indefinite  useful  lives,  the 

recoverable amount is estimated annually.  

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is the greater of its value in 

use  and  its  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell.    In  assessing  value  in  use,  the  estimated  future 

cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects 

current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. 

Fair value less costs to sell is defined as the estimated price that would be received on the 

sale  of  the  asset  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the 

measurement date.  For the purposes of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested 

individually  are  grouped  together  into  the  smallest  group  of  assets  that  generates  cash 

inflows  from  continuing  use  that  are  largely  independent  of  the  cash  inflows  of  other 

groups of assets.  Cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated reflects the 

lowest level at which goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes. 

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(h)  Impairment (cont’d): 

(ii)  Non-financial assets (cont’d) 

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its cash-generating 

unit exceeds its estimated recoverable amount.  Impairment losses are recognized in net 

loss.    Impairment  losses  recognized  in  respect  of  the  cash-generating  units  are  allocated 

first  to  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  the  units,  and  then  to 

reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit on a pro-rata basis. 

An  impairment  loss  in  respect  of  goodwill  is  not  reversed.    In  respect  of  other  assets, 

impairment losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any 

indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists.  An impairment loss is reversed 

only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount 

that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of  depreciation  or  amortization,  if  no  impairment 

loss had been recognized. 

(i)   Provisions: 

A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Corporation has a present legal or 

constructive  obligation  that  can  be  estimated  reliably,  and  it  is  probable  that  an  outflow  of 

economic  benefits  will  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation.    Provisions  are  determined  by 

discounting  the  expected  future  cash  flows  at  a  pre-tax  rate  that  reflects  current  market 

assessments of the time value of money and the risk specific to the liability.  The unwinding of 

the discount is recognized as a finance cost. 

Warranty provision 

A provision for warranty costs is recorded on product sales at the time the  sale is recognized.  

In  establishing  the  warranty  provision,  management  estimates  the  likelihood  that  products 

sold will experience warranty claims and the estimated cost to resolve claims received, taking 

into account the nature of the contract and past and projected experience with the products. 

Decommissioning liabilities 

Legal  obligations  to  retire  tangible  long-lived  assets  are  recorded  at  fair  value  at  acquisition 

with  a  corresponding  increase  in  asset  value.    These  include  assets  leased  under  operating 

leases.  The liability is accreted over the life of the asset to fair value and the increase in asset 

value is depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset. 

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(j)  Revenue recognition: 

The  Corporation  generates  revenues  primarily  from  product  sales  and  services.    Product 

revenues  are  derived  primarily  from  standard  equipment  and  material  sales  contracts  and 

from  long-term  fixed  price  contracts.    Service  revenues  are  derived  primarily  from  cost-plus 

reimbursable contracts  

On  standard  equipment  and  material  sales  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized  when  (i) 

significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods has been transferred to the buyer; (ii) 

the  Corporation  retains  neither  continuing  managerial  involvement  to  the  degree  usually 

associated  with  ownership  nor  effective  control  over  the  goods  sold;  (iii)  the  amount  of 

revenue  can  be  measured  reliably;  (iv)  it  is  probable  that  the  economic  benefits  associated 

with  the  sale  will  accrue  to  the  Corporation;  and  (v)  the  costs  incurred,  or  to  be  incurred,  in 

respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.  Provisions are made at the time of sale 

for warranties.  

On  cost-plus  reimbursable  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized  as  costs  are  incurred,  and 

include applicable fees earned as services are provided.  

On  long-term  fixed  price  service  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized  on  the  percentage-of-

completion basis over the duration of the contract, which consists of recognizing revenue on a 

given  contract  proportionately  with  its  percentage  of  completion  at  any  given  time.  The 

percentage  of  completion  is  determined  by  dividing  the  cumulative  costs  incurred  as  at  the 

balance sheet date by the sum of incurred and anticipated costs for completing a contract.  

The cumulative effect of changes to anticipated revenues and anticipated costs for completing 

a contract are recognized in the period in which the revisions are identified.  In the event that 

the anticipated costs exceed the anticipated revenues on a contract, such loss is recognized in 

its entirety in the period it becomes known. 

Deferred  revenue  represents  cash  received  from  customers  in  excess  of  revenue  recognized 

on uncompleted contracts.  

(k)  Finance income and costs: 

Finance  income  comprises  of  interest  income  on  funds  invested,  gains  on  the  disposal  of 

available-for-sale financial assets and changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value 

through  profit  or  loss.    Interest  income  is  recognized  as  it  accrues  in  income,  using  the 

effective interest method. 

Finance  costs  comprise  interest  expense  on  capital  leases,  unwinding  of  the  discount  on 

provisions, changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss and 

impairment losses recognized on financial assets. 

Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis. 

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(l)  Income taxes: 

The Corporation follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes.  Under 

this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the deferred income tax consequences 

attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial  statement  carrying  values  of  assets  and 

liabilities  and  their  respective  income  tax  bases  (temporary  differences)  and  for  loss  carry-

forwards.    The  resulting  changes  in  the  net  deferred  tax  asset  or  liability  are  included  in 

income.   

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted,  or  substantively  enacted,  tax 

rates  expected  to  apply  to  taxable  income  in  the  years  in  which  temporary  differences  are 

expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities, 

of  a  change  in  tax  rates,  is  included  in  income  in  the  period  that  includes  the  substantive 

enactment  date.    Deferred  income  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  and  are 

reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.   

(m) Employee benefits: 

Defined contribution plans 

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed 

contributions  into  a  separate  entity  and  will  have  no  legal  or  constructive  obligation  to  pay 

further  amounts.  Obligations  for  contributions  to  defined  contribution  pension  plans  are 

recognized  as  an  employee  benefit  expense  in  profit  or  loss  in  the  periods  during  which 

services  are  rendered  by  employees.  Prepaid  contributions  are  recognized  as  an  asset  to  the 

extent  that  a  cash  refund  or  a  reduction  in  future  payments  is  available.  Contributions  to  a 

defined  contribution  plan  that  are  due  more  than  12  months  after  the  end  of  the  period  in 

which the employees render the service are discounted to their present value. 

Defined benefit plans 

A  defined  benefit  plan  is  a  post-employment  benefit  plan  other  than  a  defined  contribution 

plan. The Corporation’s net obligation in respect of defined benefit pension plans is calculated 

separately  for  each  plan  by  estimating  the  amount  of  future  benefit  that  employees  have 

earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to 

determine  its  present  value.  Any  unrecognized  past  service  costs  and  the  fair  value  of  any 

plan  assets  are  deducted.  The  discount  rate  is  the  yield  at  the  reporting  date  on  AA  credit-

rated bonds that have maturity dates approximating the terms of the Corporation’s obligations 

and that are denominated in the same currency in which the benefits are expected to be paid. 

The  calculation  is  performed  annually  by  a  qualified  actuary  using  the  projected  unit  credit 

method.  

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(m) Employee benefits (cont’d): 

Defined benefit plans (cont’d) 

When the calculation results in a benefit to the Corporation, the recognized asset is limited to 

the  total  of  any  unrecognized  past  service  costs  and  the  present  value  of  economic  benefits 

available in the form of any future refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions 

to the plan. In order to calculate the present value of economic benefits, consideration is given 

to any minimum funding requirements that apply to any plan in the Corporation. An economic 

benefit  is  available  to  the  Corporation  if  it  is  realizable  during  the  life  of  the  plan,  or  on 

settlement of the plan liabilities. 

As  a  result  of  the  curtailment  of  the  pension  plan  in  2009,  there  is  no  current  service  cost 

associated with the plan.  

The  Corporation  recognizes  all  actuarial  gains  and  losses  arising  from  defined  benefit  plans 

immediately in other comprehensive income, and reports them in retained earnings. 

Other long-term employee benefits 

The Corporation’s net obligation in respect of long-term employee benefits other than pension 

plans is the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in 

the  current  and  prior  periods;  that  benefit  is  discounted  to  determine  its  present  value,  and 

the fair value of any related assets is deducted. The discount rate is the yield at the reporting 

date  on  AA  credit-rated  bonds  that  have  maturity  dates  approximating  the  terms  of  the 

Corporation’s obligations. The calculation is performed using the projected unit credit method. 

Any  actuarial  gains  and  losses  are  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  or  loss  in  the 

period in which they arise. 

Termination benefits 

Termination  benefits  are  recognized  as  an  expense  when  the  Corporation  is  committed 

demonstrably,  without  realistic  possibility  of  withdrawal,  to  a  formal  detailed  plan  to  either 

terminate  employment  before  the  normal  retirement  date,  or  to  provide  termination  benefits 

as  a  result  of  an  offer  made  to  encourage  voluntary  redundancy.  Termination  benefits  for 

voluntary redundancies are recognized as an expense if the Corporation has made an offer of 

voluntary  redundancy,  it  is  probable  that  the  offer  will  be  accepted,  and  the  number  of 

acceptances can be estimated reliably. If benefits are payable more than 12 months after the 

reporting period, then they are discounted to their present value. 

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(m) Employee benefits (cont’d): 

Short-term employee benefits 

Short-term  employee  benefit  obligations  are  measured  on  an  undiscounted  basis  and  are 

expensed as the related service is provided. 

A  liability  is  recognized  for  the  amount  expected  to  be  paid  under  short-term  cash  bonus  or 

profit sharing plans if the Corporation has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this 

amount  as  a  result  of  past  service  provided  by  the  employee,  and  the  obligation  can  be 

estimated reliably. 

(n)  Share-based compensation plans: 

The  Corporation  uses  the 

fair-value  based  method  of  accounting 

for  share-based 

compensation for all awards of shares and share options granted.  The resulting compensation 

expense,  based  on  the  fair  value  of  the  awards  granted,  excluding  the  impact  of  any  non-

market service and performance vesting conditions, is charged to income over the period that 

the employees unconditionally become entitled to the award, with a corresponding increase to 

contributed  surplus.    Fair  values  of  share  options  are  calculated  using  the  Black-Scholes 

valuation method as of the grant date and adjusted for estimated forfeitures.  For awards with 

graded vesting, the fair value of each tranche is calculated separately and recognized over its 

respective  vesting  period.    Non-market  vesting  conditions  are  considered  in  making 

assumptions about the number of awards that are expected to vest.  At each reporting date, 

the  Corporation  reassesses  its  estimates  of  the  number  of  awards  that  are  expected  to  vest 

and  recognizes  the  impact  of  any  revision  in  the  income  statement  with  a  corresponding 

adjustment to contributed surplus. 

The Corporation issues shares and share options under its share-based compensation plans as 

described  in  note  19.    Any  consideration  paid  by  employees  on  exercise  of  share  options  or 

purchase  of  shares,  together  with  the  amount  initially  recorded  in  contributed  surplus,  is 

credited to share capital. 

(o)  Earnings (loss) per share: 

Basic  earnings  (loss)  per  share  is  computed  using  the  weighted  average  number  of  common 

shares  outstanding  during  the  period,  adjusted  for  treasury  shares.    Diluted  earnings  per 

share is calculated using the treasury stock method.   

Under the treasury stock method, the dilution is calculated based upon the number of common 

shares  issued  should  deferred  share  units  (“DSUs”),  restricted  share  units  (“RSUs”),  and  “in 

the  money”  options,  if  any,  be  exercised.    When  the  effects  of  outstanding  stock-based 

compensation arrangements would be anti-dilutive, diluted loss per share is not calculated. 

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

3.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d): 

(p)  Government assistance and investment tax credits: 

Government  assistance  and  investment  tax  credits  are  recorded  as  either  a  reduction  of  the 

cost of the applicable assets, or credited against the related expense incurred in the statement 

of  comprehensive  loss,  as  determined  by  the  terms  and  conditions  of  the  agreements  under 

which  the  assistance  is  provided  to  the  Corporation  or  the  nature  of  the  expenditures  which 

gave  rise  to  the  credits.    Government  assistance  and  investment  tax  credit  receivables  are 

recorded when their receipt is reasonably assured. 

(q)  Segment reporting: 

An  operating  segment  is  a  component  of  the  Corporation  that  engages  in  business  activities 

from  which  it  may  earn  revenues  and  incur  expenses,  including  revenues  and  expenses  that 

relate  to  transactions  with  any  of  the  Corporation’s  other  components.    Segment  results 

include  items  directly  attributable  to  a  segment  as  well  as  those  that  can  be  allocated  on  a 

reasonable basis.  Unallocated items comprise mainly corporate assets, head office expenses, 

and income tax assets and liabilities. 

4.  Critical judgments in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation 

uncertainty: 

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the 

Corporation’s  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of 

accounting  policies  and  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  

Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.    Revisions  to 

accounting  estimates  are  recognized  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimates  are  revised  and  in 

any future periods affected. 

Critical judgments in applying accounting policies: 

At this time, the Corporation’s management has concluded that there are no critical judgments 

that management has made in the process of applying the Corporation’s accounting policies. 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty: 

The following are key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation 

uncertainty  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  resulting  in  a  material  adjustment  to  the  reported 

amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenses within the next fiscal year. 

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

4.  Critical  judgments  in  applying  accounting  policies  and  key  sources  of  estimation 

uncertainty (cont’d): 

(a)  Revenue recognition: 

Revenues  under  certain  contracts  for  product  and  engineering  development  services,  provide 

for receipt of payment based on achieving defined milestones or on the performance of work 

under product development programs. Revenues are recognized under these contracts based 

on  management’s  estimate  of  progress  achieved  against  these  milestones  or  on  the 

proportionate performance method of accounting.  Changes in management’s estimated costs 

to complete a contract may result in an adjustment to previously recognized revenues.  

(b)  Asset impairment: 

The  carrying  amounts  of  the  Corporation’s  non-financial  assets,  other  than  inventories,  are 

reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.  

If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.   

The  Corporation’s  most  significant  estimates  and  assumptions  involve  values  associated  with 

goodwill  and  intangible  assets.    These  estimates  and  assumptions  include  those  with  respect 

to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, asset lives, and the determination of cash 

generating  units.    At  least  annually,  the  carrying  value  of  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  is 

reviewed for potential impairment.  Among other things, this review considers the fair value of 

the  cash-generating  units  based  on  discounted  estimated  future  cash  flows.  This  review 

involves significant estimation uncertainty, which could affect the Corporation’s future results 

if the current estimates of future performance and fair values change. 

(c)  Warranty provision: 

In  establishing  the  warranty  provision,  management  estimates  the  likelihood  that  products 

sold will experience warranty claims and the cost to resolve claims received.  In making such 

determinations, the Corporation uses estimates based on the nature of the contract and past 

and projected experience with the products. Should these estimates prove to be incorrect, the 

Corporation  may  incur  costs  different  from  those  provided  for  in  the  warranty  provision. 

Management  reviews  warranty  assumptions  and  makes  adjustments  to  the  provision  at  each 

reporting  date  based  on  the  latest  information  available,  including  the  expiry  of  contractual 

obligations. Adjustments to the warranty provision are recorded in cost of product and service 

revenues.   

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

4.  Critical  judgments  in  applying  accounting  policies  and  key  sources  of  estimation 

uncertainty (cont’d): 

(d)  Inventory provision: 

In determining the lower of cost and net realizable value of inventory and in establishing the 

appropriate  impairment  amount  for  inventory  obsolescence,  management  estimates  the 

likelihood  that  inventory  carrying  values  will  be  affected  by  changes  in  market  pricing  or 

demand for the products and by changes in technology or design which could make inventory 

on  hand  obsolete  or  recoverable  at  less  than  the  recorded  value.    Management  performs 

regular  reviews  to  assess  the  impact  of  changes  in  technology  and  design,  sales  trends  and 

other changes on the carrying value of inventory.  Where it is determined that such changes 

have  occurred  and  will  have  an  impact  on  the  value  of  inventory  on  hand,  appropriate 

adjustments  are  made.    If  there  is  a  subsequent  increase  in  the  value  of inventory  on  hand, 

reversals  of  previous  write-downs  to  net  realizable  value  are  made.  Unforeseen  changes  in 

these  factors  could  result  in  additional  inventory  provisions,  or  reversals  of  previous 

provisions, being required.  

(e)  Employee future benefits: 

The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated 

future  cash  outflows  using  interest  rates  of  high-quality  corporate  bonds  that  have  terms  to 

maturity approximating the terms of the related pension liability.   

Determination of benefit expense requires assumptions such as the discount rate to measure 

obligations, expected plan investment performance, expected healthcare cost trend rate, and 

retirement ages of employees.  Actual results will differ from the recorded amounts based on 

these estimates and assumptions. 

(f)  Income taxes: 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted,  or  substantively  enacted,  tax 

rates  expected  to  apply  to  taxable  income  in  the  years  in  which  temporary  differences  are 

expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities, 

of  a  change  in  tax  rates,  is  included  in  income  in  the  period  that  includes  the  substantive 

enactment  date.    Management  reviews  the  deferred  income  tax  assets  at  each  reporting 

period and records adjustments to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax 

benefit will be realized. 

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

5.  Recent accounting pronouncements:  

The  following  is  an  overview  of  accounting  standard  changes  that  the  Corporation  will  be 

required  to  adopt  in  future  years.    Except  as  otherwise  noted  below  for  IFRS  9,  IAS  32  and 

amendments  to  IFRS  7,  the  standards  are  effective  for  the  annual  periods  beginning  on  or 

after January 1, 2013, with earlier application permitted.  The Corporation does not expect to 

adopt any of these standards before their effective dates.   

(a)  IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments: 

In  November  2009,  the  International  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“IASB”)  published  IFRS  9 

Financial  Instruments.  This  new  standard  simplifies  the  classification  and  measurement  of 

financial  assets  set  out  in  IAS  39  Financial  Instruments:  Recognition  and  Measurement. 

Financial assets are to be measured at amortized cost or fair value. They are to be measured 

at amortized cost if the two following conditions are met: 

a)   the  assets  are  held  within  a  business  model  whose  objective  is  to  collect  contractual 

cash flows; and 

b)  the  contractual  cash  flows  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the 

outstanding principal. 

All  other  financial  assets  are  to  be  measured  at  fair  value  through  net  earnings.  The  entity 

may, if certain conditions are met, elect to use the fair value option instead of measurement 

at  amortized  cost.  As  well,  the  entity  may  choose  upon  initial  recognition  to  measure  non-

trading  equity  investments  at  fair  value  through  comprehensive  income.  Such  a  choice  is 

irrevocable. 

In  October  2010,  the  IASB  issued  revisions  to  IFRS  9,  adding  the  requirements  for 

classification  and  measurement  of  financial  liabilities  contained  in  IAS  39  and  further  points. 

For financial liabilities measured at fair value through net earnings using the fair value option, 

the  amount  of  change  in  a  liability’s  fair  value  attributable  to  changes  in  its  credit  risk  is 

recognized directly in other comprehensive income. 

In  December  2011,  the  IASB  deferred  the  mandatory  effective  date  of  IFRS  9  to  fiscal  years 

beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2015.  Early  adoption  is  permitted  under  certain  conditions. 

An entity is not required to restate comparative financial periods for its first-time application of 

IFRS 9, but must comply with the new disclosure requirements. 

The  Corporation  intends  to  adopt  IFRS  9  in  its  financial  statements  for  the  fiscal  year 

beginning  on  January  1,  2015.    The  extent  of  the  impact  of  adoption  has  not  yet  been 

determined. 

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

5.  Recent accounting pronouncements (cont’d):  

(b)  IFRS 10 – Consolidated Financial Statements: 

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  10  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  which  is  a 

replacement  of  SIC-12  Consolidation  –  Special  Purpose  Entities,  and  certain  parts  of  IAS  27 

Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements. IFRS 10 uses control as the single basis for 

consolidation,  irrespective  of  the  nature  of  the  investee,  employing  the  following  factors  to 

identify control: 

a)  power over the investee; 

b)  exposure or rights to variable returns from involvement with the investee; 

c)  the  ability  to  use  power  over  the  investee  to  affect  the  amount  of  the  investor’s 

returns. 

IFRS 10 shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. 

The  Corporation  intends  to  adopt  IFRS  10  for  the  fiscal  year  beginning  on  January  1,  2013.  

The  Corporation  does  not  expect  IFRS  10  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its  financial 

statements. 

(c)  IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements: 

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  11  Joint  Arrangements  which  supersedes  IAS  31 

Interests  in  Joint  Ventures  and  SIC-13  Jointly  Controlled  Entities  –  Non-Monetary 

Contributions  by  Venturers.  IFRS  11  requires  that  joint  ventures  be  accounted  for  using  the 

equity method of accounting and eliminates the need for proportionate consolidation. This new 

standard shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. 

The  Corporation  intends  to  adopt  IFRS  11  for  the  fiscal  year  beginning  on  January  1,  2013.  

The  Corporation  does  not  expect  IFRS  11  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its  financial 

statements. 

(d)  IFRS 12 – Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities: 

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  12  Disclosure  of  Interests  in  Other  Entities  which 

requires  that  an  entity  disclose  information  on  the  nature  of  and  risks  associated  with  its 

interests  in  other  entities  (i.e.  subsidiaries,  joint  arrangements,  associates  or  unconsolidated 

structured entities) and the effects of those interests on its financial statements. IFRS 12 shall 

be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. 

The  Corporation  intends  to  adopt  IFRS  12  for  the  fiscal  year  beginning  on  January  1,  2013.  

The  Corporation  does  not  expect  IFRS  12  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its  financial 

statements. 

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

5.  Recent accounting pronouncements (cont’d):  

(e)  IFRS 13 – Fair Value Measurement: 

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  13  Fair  Value  Measurement  to  establish  a  single 

framework  for  fair  value  measurement  of  financial  and  non-financial  items.  IFRS  13  defines 

fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 

orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date.  It  also  requires 

disclosure of certain information on fair value measurements. IFRS 13 shall be applied to fiscal 

years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. 

The  Corporation  intends  to  adopt  IFRS  13  for  the  fiscal  year  beginning  on  January  1,  2013.  

The  Corporation  does  not  expect  IFRS  13  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its  financial 

statements. 

(f)  Amendments to IAS 19 – Employee Benefits: 

In June 2011, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 19 Employee Benefits.  The amendments 

to  IAS  19  make  significant  changes  to  the  recognition  and  measurement  of  defined  benefit 

pension  expense  and  termination  benefits,  and  to  enhance  the  disclosures  for  all  employee 

benefits.    Actuarial  gains  and  losses  are  renamed  “remeasurements”  and  will  be  recognized 

immediately in other comprehensive income (“OCI”).   

Remeasurements  recognized  in  OCI  will  not  be  recycled  through  profit  or  loss  in  subsequent 

periods.  The amendments also accelerate the recognition of past service costs whereby they 

are recognized in the period of a plan amendment.  The annual expense for a funded benefit 

plan will be computed based on the application of the discount rate to the net defined benefit 

asset  or  liability.    The  amendments  to  IAS  19  will  also  impact  the  presentation  of  pension 

expense  as  benefit  cost  will  be  split  between  (i)  the  cost  of  benefits  accrued  in  the  current 

period  (service  cost)  and  benefit  changes  (past-service  cost,  settlements  and  curtailments); 

and (ii) finance expense or income. 

A  number  of  other  amendments  have  been  made  to  recognition,  measurement  and 

classification, including those re-defining short-term and other long-term benefits guidance on 

the  treatment  of  taxes  related  to  benefit  plans,  guidance  on  risk/cost  sharing  factors  and 

expanded disclosures. 

The  amendments  to  IAS  19  shall  be  applied  to  fiscal  years  beginning  on  or  after  January  1, 

2013.    The  Corporation  intends  to  adopt  the  amendments  in  its  financial  statements  for  the 

fiscal  year  beginning  on  January  1,  2013.    The  Corporation’s  current  accounting  policy  for 

employee  benefits  for  the  presentation  of  pension  expense  and  the  immediate  recognition  of 

actuarial  gains  and  losses  in  OCI  is  consistent  with  the  requirements  in  the  standard.  

However,  additional  disclosures  and  the  computation  of  annual  expense  based  on  the 

application of the discount rate to the  net defined benefit asset or liability will be required in 

relation to the revised standard.   

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

5.  Recent accounting pronouncements (cont’d):  

(g)  Amendments to IAS 1 – Financial Statement Presentation: 

In  June  2011,  the  IASB  issued  amendments  to  IAS  1  Presentation  of  Financial  Statements. 

Items  of  other  comprehensive  income  and  the  corresponding  tax  expense  are  required  to  be 

grouped  into  those  that  will  and  will  not  subsequently  be  reclassified  through  net  earnings. 

These amendments shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after July 1, 2012. 

The  Corporation  intends  to  adopt  the  amendments  to  IAS  1  for  the  fiscal  year  beginning  on 

January  1,  2013.    The  Corporation  does  not  expect  the  amendments  to  IAS  1  to  have  a 

material impact on its financial statements. 

(h)  Amendments to other standards: 

In  addition,  there  have  been  amendments  to  existing  standards,  including  IFRS  7  Financial 

Instruments:  Disclosure,  IAS  27  Separate  Financial  Statements,  IAS  28  Investments  in 

Associates  and  Joint  Ventures,  and  IAS  32  Financial  Instruments:  Presentation.    IFRS  7 

amendments  require  disclosure  about  the  effects  of  offsetting  financial  assets  and  financial 

liabilities  and  related  arrangements  on  an  entity’s  financial  position.    IAS  27  addresses 

accounting  for  subsidiaries,  jointly  controlled  entities  and  associates  in  non-consolidated 

financial statements.  IAS 28 has been amended to include joint ventures in its scope and to 

address  the  changes  in  IFRS  10  to  13.    IAS  32  addresses  inconsistencies  when  applying  the 

offsetting  requirements,  and  is  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1, 

2014.    The  Corporation  does  not  expect  the  amendments  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its 

financial statements. 

6.   Acquisition:  

On  August  1,  2012  (“acquisition  date”),  the  Corporation  completed  an  agreement  to  acquire 

key assets and product lines from IdaTech, LLC (“IdaTech”).  In exchange for 7,136,237 of the 

Corporation’s common shares valued at $7,493,000 based on the Corporation’s share price at 

the acquisition date, the Corporation acquired IdaTech’s key assets including fuel cell systems 

inventory,  prepaid  right  to  inventory,  and  product  lines  for  backup  power  applications, 

distributor  and  customer  relationships,  a  license  to  intellectual  property,  the  right  to  assume 

control of a manufacturing facility, and certain property, plant and equipment.   

The prepaid right to inventory and other current assets of approximately $2,728,000 relates to 

a  contract  manufacturing  agreement  including  a  supply  commitment  whereby  IdaTech  will 

provide  additional  units  of  finished  goods  inventory  to  the  Corporation  prior  to  January  1, 

2013.  An additional payment of approximately $500,000 for the additional units will be made 

to IdaTech when the Corporation receives payment from its customers as the units are sold. 

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

6.   Acquisition (cont’d):  

The  acquisition  has  been  accounted  for  using  the  acquisition  method  of  accounting  and, 

accordingly, the acquired assets and liabilities have been included in the consolidated financial 

statements  since  the  date  of  acquisition,  and  revenues  since  the  acquisition  date  totaling 

$5,087,000 are reported in the Fuel Cell Products segment.  The intangible assets arising from 

this  acquisition  are  amortized  over  their  estimated  useful life  of  5  years.    Pro  forma  revenue 

and net loss attributable to the Corporation as if the assets were acquired on January 1, 2012 

cannot be determined, as reliable information is not available. 

Acquisition  costs  of  $274,000  were  incurred  in  2012  as  a  result  of  the  transaction,  and  are 

recognized in general and administrative expenses. 

The following is the fair value of the identified assets acquired, and liabilities assumed at the 

date of acquisition:  

Net assets acquired: 

Inventories 

  Prepaid right to inventory and other current assets  

  Property, plant and equipment 

Intangible assets 

  Trade and other payables 

  Warranty provision 

Total purchase consideration 

7.   Trade and other receivables: 

Trade receivables 

Other 

Less: Non-current trade receivables  

8.  Inventories: 

Raw materials and consumables  

Work-in-progress 

Finished goods 

$ 

1,895 

2,728 

861 

2,886 

(431) 

(446) 

$ 

7,493 

December 31, 

December 31, 

2012 

2011 

  $ 

16,709 

  $ 

16,343 

259 

16,968 

(594) 

1,947 

18,290 

(1,126) 

  $ 

16,374 

  $ 

17,164 

December 31, 

December 31, 

2012 

  $ 

4,702 

  $ 

1,646 

4,929 

2011 

8,353 

1,820 

3,441 

   $ 

11,277 

  $ 

13,614 

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

8.  Inventories (cont’d): 

In  2012,  changes  in  raw  materials  and  consumables,  finished  goods  and  work-in-progress 

recognized  as  cost  of  product  and  service  revenues  amounted  to  $19,218,000  (2011  - 

$37,227,000). 

In 2012, the write-down of inventories to net realizable value amounted to $717,000 (2011 - 

$486,000).    There  were  no  reversals  of  previously  recorded  write-downs  in  2012  or  2011.  

Write-downs  and  reversals  are  included  in  either  cost  of  product  and  service  revenues,  or 

research and product development expense, depending on the nature of inventory.  

9.  Property, plant and equipment: 

Cost  

Land 

Building 

Building under finance lease 

Computer equipment 

Furniture and fixtures  

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease 

Leasehold improvements 

Production and test equipment 

Production and test equipment under 

finance lease 

Total 

Balance at 

December 31, 

Reclassified 

Balance at 

as held for 

December 31, 

2011 

Additions 

Disposals 

sale  

2012 

$ 

1,220 

3,666 

12,180 

6,423 

834 

317 

10,086 

45,091 

3,667 

$ 

-  $ 

- 

- 

276 

1 

- 

125 

1,670 

- 

-  $  

-     

-     

(54)    

(23)    

-     

-     

(1,220)    $ 

(3,666)     

- 

- 

- 

12,180 

(701)     

5,944 

(57)     

-     

755 

317 

(1,032)     

9,179 

(1,493)    

(13,161)     

32,107 

-     

-     

3,667 

$ 

83,484 

$ 

2,072  $ 

(1,570)   $  (19,837)    $ 

64,149 

Depreciation and impairment 

December 

Impairment 

as held for 

December 

Balance at 

Reclassified 

Balance at 

loss 

Land 

Building 

Building under finance lease 

Computer equipment 

Furniture and fixtures  

Furniture and fixtures under 

finance lease 

Leasehold improvements 

Production and test equipment 

Production and test equipment 

under finance lease 

31, 2011  Depreciation 

loss 

Disposals 

sale  

31, 2012 

  $ 

-  $ 

- 

$ 

-  $ 

2,199 

1,488 

5,676 

788 

37 

4,963 

32,806 

442 

154 

813 

241 

12 

63 

694 

3,003 

458 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,070 

- 

-    $ 

-     

-     

(54)     

(23)     

-     

-    $ 

(2,353)    

-     

(493)    

(57)    

-     

- 

- 

2,301 

5,370 

720 

100 

-     

(767)    

4,890 

(975)     

(10,352)    

25,552 

-     

-     

900 

Total 

  $ 

48,399  $ 

5,438 

$ 

1,070  $ 

(1,052)    $ 

(14,022)   $ 

39,833 

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

9.  Property, plant and equipment (cont’d): 

Cost  

Land 

Building 

Building under finance lease 

Computer equipment 

Furniture and fixtures  

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease 

Leasehold improvements 

Production and test equipment 

Production and test equipment under finance lease 

Balance at 

December 

Balance at 

December 

31, 2010 

Additions 

Disposals 

31, 2011

$ 

1,220  $ 

-  $ 

3,666 

12,180 

6,339 

741 

- 

7,518 

45,382 

2,078 

- 

- 

403 

93 

317 

2,568 

2,785 

1,589 

  $ 

- 

- 

- 

1,220 

3,666 

12,180 

(319)     

6,423 

- 

- 

- 

834 

317 

10,086 

(3,076)     

45,091 

- 

3,667 

Total 

$ 

79,124  $ 

7,755  $ 

(3,395)    $ 

83,484 

Depreciation and impairment loss 

31, 2010  Depreciation 

loss 

Disposals 

31, 2011 

Balance at 

December 

Impairment 

Balance at 

December 

Land 

Building 

Building under finance lease 

Computer equipment 

Furniture and fixtures  

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease 

Leasehold improvements 

Production and test equipment 

Production and test equipment under finance 

lease 

Total 

$ 

-  $ 

- 

$ 

-  $ 

2,044 

652 

5,347 

682 

- 

4,442 

28,889 

123 

155 

836 

345 

106 

37 

521 

3,292 

319 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-    $ 

-     

-     

(16)    

-     

-     

-     

- 

2,199 

1,488 

5,676 

788 

37 

4,963 

1,727 

(1,102)    

32,806 

- 

-     

442 

$ 

42,179  $ 

5,611 

$ 

1,727  $ 

(1,118)   $ 

48,399 

Carrying amounts 

Land 

Building 

Building under finance lease 

Computer equipment 

Furniture and fixtures  

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease 

Leasehold improvements 

Production and test equipment 

Production and test equipment under finance lease 

Balance at 

Balance at 

 December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011 

$ 

-   

-     

9,879     

574     

35     

217     

4,289     

6,555     

2,767     

$ 

1,220 

1,467 

10,692 

747 

46 

280 

5,123 

12,285 

3,225 

Total 

$ 

24,316   

$ 

35,085 

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

9.  Property, plant and equipment (cont’d): 

Leased assets  

The  Corporation  leases  certain  assets  under  finance  lease  agreements  including  the 

Corporation’s head office building in Burnaby, British Columbia and certain production and test 

equipment. 

Disposals  

The total loss on sale of property, plant and equipment was $69,000 in 2012.  In 2011, a gain 

on sale of property, plant and equipment of $734,000 was recognized.  

Impairment loss 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2012,  impairment  losses  of  $1,070,000  (2011  - 

$1,727,000)  were  recognized,  of  which  $570,000  related  to  the  obsolescence  of  production 

and test equipment.  The remaining $500,000 related to the impairment of assets held for sale 

(note 28).  No impairment losses were reversed in 2012 or 2011. 

10. Intangible assets: 

Fuel cell technology 

Balance 

At January 1, 2011 

Amortization 

At December 31, 2011 

Acquisition through business combination 

Amortization 

At December 31, 2012 

Accumulated 

Net carrying 

Cost 

amortization 

amount

$ 

43,443 

$ 

40,468 

$ 

- 

43,443 

2,886 

- 

726 

41,194 

- 

941 

$ 

46,329 

$ 

42,135 

$ 

2,975 

(726)

2,249 

2,886 

(941)

4,194 

Amortization  and  impairment  losses  of  fuel  cell  technology  and  development  costs  are 

allocated  to  research  and  product  development  expense.    There  were  no  impairment  losses 

recorded in 2012 and 2011. 

11.  Goodwill: 

For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing,  goodwill  is  allocated  to  the  Corporation’s  cash-

generating units which represent the lowest level within the Corporation at which the goodwill 

is  monitored  for  internal  management  purposes,  which  is  not  higher  than  the  Corporation’s 

operating segments (note 26). 

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

11.  Goodwill (cont’d): 

The  aggregate  carrying  amount  of  goodwill  allocated  to  each  cash-generating  unit  is  as 

follows: 

Fuel cell products 

Contract automotive 

Material products 

December 31, 

December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ 

36,291 

$ 

46,291 

- 

- 

- 

1,815 

$ 

36,291 

$ 

48,106 

The  impairment  testing  for  the  above  cash-generating  units  requires  a  comparison  of  the 

carrying value of the asset to the higher of (i) value in use; and (ii) fair value less costs to sell.  

Value in use is defined as the present value of future cash flows expected to be derived from 

the asset in its current state. 

Fuel Cell Products 

The  Corporation’s  fair  value  test  is  in  effect  a  modified  market  capitalization  assessment, 

whereby the fair value of the Fuel Cell Products segment is calculated by first calculating the 

value  of  the  Corporation  at  December  31,  2012  based  on  the  average  closing  share  price  in 

the month of December, adding a reasonable estimated control premium of 25% to determine 

the  Corporation’s  enterprise  value  on  a  controlling  basis  after  adjusting  for  excess  cash 

balances,  and  deducting  the  fair  value  of  the  Materials  Product  segment  from  this  enterprise 

value,  arriving  at  the  fair  value  of  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  segment.    Based  on  the  fair  value 

test, the Corporation has determined that the fair value of the Fuel Cell Products segment was 

deficient  compared  to  its  carrying  value,  resulting  in  a  $10,000,000  impairment  loss 

recognized  against  goodwill.    The  $46,291,000  of  goodwill  associated  with  the  Fuel  Cell 

Products segment as of December 31, 2011 was written down to $36,291,000 as of December 

31, 2012. 

In  addition  to  the  fair  value  test,  the  Corporation  also  performed  a  value  in  use  test  on  the 

Fuel Cell Products segment, comparing the carrying value of the segment to the present value 

of future cash flows expected  to be  derived from the segment.  The principal factors used in 

the discounted cash flow analysis requiring judgment are the projected results of operations, 

the discount rate based on the weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”), and terminal value 

assumptions  for  each  reporting  unit.    The  Corporation’s  value  in  use  test  was  based  on  a 

WACC  of  20%;  an  average  estimated  compound  annual  growth  rate  of  approximately  35% 

from  2012  to  2017;  and  a  terminal  year  earnings  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation  and 

amortization  (“EBITDA”)  multiplied  by  a  terminal  value  multiplier  of  4.0.    The  value  in  use 

assessment  resulted  in  an  estimated  fair  value  for  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  segment  that  is 

consistent with that determined under the fair value, less costs to sell, assessment. 

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

11. Goodwill (cont’d): 

Material Products 

The Material Products segment was disposed of on January 31, 2013 (note 29).  As a result, 

the fair value of the Material Products segment, determined based on a fair value less costs to 

sell assessment, compared the segment’s carrying value as of December 31, 2012 against the 

actual  net  proceeds  received  on  disposition  on  January  31,  2013.    As  a  result  of  the 

assessment, the Corporation determined that the fair value of the Material Products segment 

was  deficient  to  its  carrying  value,  resulting  in  a  $1,815,000  write-off  of  goodwill  and 

$500,000 write-down of property, plant and equipment associated with the Material Products 

segment.  The impairment losses relating to the Material Products segment are included in net 

loss from discontinued operations (note 28). 

12. Investments:  

Investments are comprised of the following: 

Chrysalix Energy Limited Partnership 

Other 

December 31, 2012 

December 31, 2011 

Percentage 

Amount 

ownership 

Amount 

$ 

$ 

659 

8 

667 

15.0% 

$ 

$ 

627 

8 

635 

Percentage

ownership

15.0%

Chrysalix  Energy  Limited  Partnership  (“Chrysalix”)  is  accounted  for  as  an  available-for-sale 

financial  asset  and  recorded  at  fair  value.    During  2012,  the  Corporation  made  additional 

capital  contributions  of  $44,000  (2011  -  $103,000)  in  Chrysalix,  which  was  offset  by  cash 

distributions received from Chrysalix of $12,000 (2011 - $139,000). 

The  Corporation  maintains  a  19.9%  interest  in  AFCC  Automotive  Fuel  Cell  Cooperation  Corp. 

(“AFCC”),  which  is  accounted  for  as  an  available-for-sale  financial  asset  and  recorded  at  fair 

value of $1.  The Corporation has no obligation to fund any of AFCC’s operating expenses. 

13. Bank facilities:  

The  Corporation  has  a  demand  revolving  facility  (“Bank  Operating  Line”)  in  which  an 

operating line of credit of up to CDN $10,000,000 is made available to be drawn upon by the 

Corporation.    The  Bank  Operating  Line  is  utilized  to  assist  in  financing  the  day-to-day 

operating  activities  and  short-term  working  capital  requirements  of  the  business.  

Outstanding amounts are charged interest at the bank’s prime rate minus 0.50% per annum 

and  are  repayable  on  demand  by  the  bank.    During  2012,  the  Corporation  was  advanced 

$17,331,000  (2011  -  $14,265,000)  under  the  bank  operating  line  of  which  $12,560,000 

(2011 - $9,678,000) was repaid during the year. At December 31, 2012, $9,358,000 (2011 - 

$4,587,000) was outstanding on the Bank Operating Line. 

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

13. Bank facilities (cont’d):  

The Corporation also has a CDN $3,323,000 capital leasing facility (“Leasing  Facility”) which 

can  be  utilized  to  finance  the  acquisition  and  lease  of  operating  equipment  (notes  9  &  16).  

Interest  is  charged  on  outstanding  amounts  at  the  bank’s  prime  rate  per  annum  and  is 

repayable at the option of the bank, if there has been, in the opinion of the bank, a material 

adverse  change  in  the  financial  condition  of  the  Corporation.  At  December  31,  2012, 

$2,546,000  was  outstanding  on  the  Leasing  Facility  which  is  included  in  the  finance  lease 

liability.  The  remaining  $11,508,000  finance  lease  liability  relates  to  the  lease  of  the 

Corporation’s head office building.  

Both  the  Bank  Operating  Line  and  Leasing  Facility  are  secured  by  a  hypothecation  of  the 

Corporation’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. 

14.  Trade and other payables: 

Trade accounts payable  

Compensation payable 

Other liabilities 

Taxes payable 

15.  Provisions: 

December 31, 

December 31, 

2012 

2011 

  $ 

5,256 

  $ 

10,195 

2,046 

4,669 

244 

6,615 

5,427 

456 

   $ 

12,215 

  $ 

22,693 

Warranty 

Decommissioning 

Balance  

Legal 

Restructuring 

provision 

liabilities 

Total 

At January 1, 2011 

  $ 

1,371 

  $ 

78 

  $ 

8,570 

$ 

3,102 

  $ 

13,121 

Provisions made during the year 

Provisions used during the year 

Provisions reversed during the year 

Effect of movements in exchange rates  

50 

(897)

- 

(4)

1,356 

(401)

- 

(29)

2,097 

(716)

(1,721)

(181)

1,706 

- 

- 

(75)   

5,209 

(2,014)

(1,721)

(289)

At December 31, 2011 

  $ 

520 

  $ 

1,004 

    $ 

8,049 

$ 

4,733 

  $ 

14,306 

Assumed through business combination  

Provisions made during the year  

Provisions used during the year  

Provisions reversed during the year 

Effect of movements in exchange rates  

At December 31, 2012 

Current 

Non-current 

- 

- 

(528)

- 

8 

- 

- 

- 

- 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

- 

1,937 

(2,060)

- 

41 

447 

1,514 

(1,309)

(373)

173 

- 

250 

- 

- 

106 

447 

3,701 

(3,897)

(373)

328 

  $ 

922 

    $ 

8,501 

$ 

5,089 

  $ 

14,512 

  $ 

922 

  $ 

8,501 

$ 

- 

  $ 

9,423 

- 

- 

5,089 

5,089 

  $ 

922 

    $ 

8,501 

$ 

5,089 

  $ 

14,512 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

15.  Provisions (cont’d): 

Restructuring  

During 2012, the Corporation incurred $1,931,000 of restructuring charges due primarily to a 

7%  workforce  reduction  and  a  minor  restructuring  focused  on  overhead  cost  reduction.    The 

estimated  restructuring  costs  primarily  include  employee  termination  benefits  and  are 

expected  to  be  paid  in  2013.    Restructuring  charges  are  recognized  in  general  and 

administrative expenses.  

Warranty provision 

During the year, the warranty provision increased by $452,000, due in part to the assumption 

of warranty provisions as part of the acquisition of key assets and product lines from IdaTech 

(note 6).  

Decommissioning liabilities 

Provisions for decommissioning liabilities have been recorded for the Corporation’s two leased 

locations  in  Burnaby,  British  Columbia,  comprising  the  Corporation’s  head  office  building  and 

manufacturing  facilities,  and  are  related  to  site  restoration  obligations  at  the  end  of  their 

respective  lease  terms.    Due  to  the  long-term  nature  of  the  liability,  the  most  significant 

uncertainty in estimating the provision is the costs that will be incurred.  The Corporation has 

determined  a  range  of  reasonable  possible  outcomes  of  the  total  costs  for  the  head  office 

building  and  manufacturing  facility.    In  determining  the  fair  value  of  the  decommissioning 

liabilities, the estimated future cash flows have been discounted at 2% per annum. 

The  Corporation  performed  an  assessment  of  the  estimated  cash  flows  required  to  settle  the 

obligations for the two buildings as of December 31, 2012, resulting in an additional provision 

of  $100,000  recorded  against  decommissioning  liabilities.    The  remaining  provision  increase 

during 2012 was due to accretion costs.  The total undiscounted amount of the estimated cash 

flows required to settle the obligation for one of the buildings is $2,372,000, which is expected 

to  be  settled  at  the  end  of  the  lease  term  in  2025.    The  total  undiscounted  amount  of  the 

estimated  cash  flows  required  to  settle  the  obligation  for  the  second  building  is  $3,994,000, 

which is expected to be settled at the end of the operating lease term of 2019. 

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

16. Finance lease liability 

The  Corporation leases  certain  assets  under  finance  lease  agreements  (note  9).    The  finance 

leases  have  imputed  interest  rates  ranging  between  2.25%  to  7.35%  per  annum  and  expire 

between December 2014 and February 2025.  

The future minimum lease payments for the Corporation’s finance leases are as follows: 

Year ending December 31 

2013 

2014 

2015 

2016 

2017 

Thereafter 

Total minimum lease payments  

Less: Imputed interest 

Total finance lease liability 

Less: Current portion of finance lease liability  

Non-current portion of finance lease liability   

$ 

$ 

1,924 

2,329 

1,734 

1,914 

1,401 

11,135 

20,437 

(6,383) 

14,054 

(1,043) 

13,011 

At December 31, 2012, $2,546,000 was outstanding on the Leasing Facility which is included 

in  the  finance  lease  liability.  The  remaining  $11,508,000  finance  lease  liability  relates  to  the 

lease of the Corporation’s head office building. 

17. Convertible debenture  

The convertible debenture relates to financing to Dantherm Power A/S by the non-controlling 

partner  and  is  redeemable  at  the  option  of  Dantherm  Power  A/S  subject  to  approval  by  all 

convertible debenture holders on or after January 1, 2013 including interest which is accrued 

at 12%.  Prior to December 31, 2013 (the “Maturity Date”), the convertible debenture holders 

may  elect  to  convert  all  or  part  of  the  debenture  into  shares  of  Dantherm  Power  A/S.    The 

conversion  price  for  convertible  debenture  notes  entered  into  prior  to  January  1,  2012,  of 

approximately  DKK  9,120,000,  is  DKK  3.40  per  share.    Convertible  debenture  notes  of 

approximately DKK 5,066,000  entered into since January 1, 2012 have a conversion price of 

DKK 0.14 per share.  This conversion feature was determined to have a nominal value.  The 

Maturity Date may be extended to December 31, 2014 with approval of the subscribers (note 

29).  During  2012,  an  additional  $862,000,  of  convertible  debt  financing  was  advanced  to 

Dantherm  Power  A/S  by  a  non-controlling  partner.  At  December  31,  2012,  the  convertible 

debt outstanding was $2,924,000, which includes $417,000 of interest payable.  

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

18. Employee future benefits: 

Plan assets 

Plan obligations 

$ 

9,344  $ 

-  $ 

8,223  $ 

(14,652)

(853) 

(13,329)   

Employee future benefit plans deficit  

$ 

(5,308) $ 

(853)  $ 

(5,106)  $ 

- 

(580)

(580)

2012 

2011 

Pension 
plan 

Other  
  benefit plan 

Pension  
plan  

Other 
 benefit plan 

The  Corporation  maintains  a  defined  benefit  pension  plan  covering  existing  and  former 

employees  in  the  United  States.    The  benefits  under  the  pension  plan  are  based  on  years  of 

service and salary levels accrued as of December 31, 2009.  In 2009, amendments were made 

to the defined benefit pension plan to freeze benefits accruing to employees at their respective 

years  of  service  and  salary  levels  obtained  as  of  December  31,  2009.    Certain  employees  in 

the  United  States  are  also  eligible  for  post-retirement  healthcare,  life  insurance  and  other 

benefits.   

The  Corporation  accrues  the  present  value  of  its  obligations  under  employee  future  benefit 

plans and the related costs, net of the present value of plan assets.  

The  measurement  date  used  to  determine  pension  and  other  post-retirement  benefit 

obligations and expense is December 31 of each year.  The most recent actuarial valuation of 

the employee future benefit plans for funding purposes was as of January 1, 2012.  The next 

actuarial valuation of the employee future benefit plans for funding purposes is expected to be 

performed as of January 1, 2013.  

The  Corporation  expects  contributions  of  approximately  $210,000  to  be  paid  to  its  defined 

benefit plans in 2013.  Information about the Corporation’s employee future benefit plans, in 

aggregate, is as follows: 

Movement in the present value of the defined benefit plan obligations: 

2012 

2011 

Pension 
Plan 

Other  
  benefit plan  

Pension 
plan 

Other 
benefit plan 

Defined benefit plan obligations at January 1 

$  

13,329    $ 

580  $  

10,819    $ 

Current service cost 

Interest cost 

Benefits paid 

Benefits payable  

Actuarial losses in other comprehensive income  

-     

565     

(318)    

46     

1,030     

20 

31 

(60)   

- 

282 

-     

587     

(251)    

48     

2,126     

Defined benefit plan obligations at December 31 

$ 

14,652    $ 

853  $ 

13,329    $ 

491 

6 

25 

(44)

- 

102 

580 

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
- 

- 

44 

(44)

- 

- 

2011 

3%

70%

27%

100%

2012 

3% 

70% 

27% 

100% 

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

18. Employee future benefits (cont’d): 

Movement in the present value of plan assets: 

2012 

2011 

Pension
plan 

Other  
  benefit plan 

Pension 
plan 

Other 
  benefit plan 

Fair value of plan assets at January 1 

$ 

8,223  $ 

-  $ 

8,360  $ 

Expected return on plan assets 

Employer’s contributions 

Benefits paid 

Actuarial (losses) gains in other comprehensive income  

574 

360 

(318)

505 

- 

60 

(60)   

- 

582 

210 

(252)   

(677)   

Fair value of plan assets at December 31 

$ 

9,344  $ 

-  $ 

8,223  $ 

Pension plan assets comprise: 

Cash and cash equivalents  

Equity securities 

Debt securities 

Total 

Expense recognized in net income: 

Current service cost 

Interest on obligations  

Expected (return) on plan assets 

Benefits payable 

Expense recognized in net income   

2012 

2011 

Pension 
plan 

Other  
benefit plan 

Pension  
plan 

Other 
benefit plan 

  $ 

-    $ 

565      

(574)    

47     

38     

20    $ 

31     

-     

-     

51     

-    $ 

587      

(582)    

48     

53     

6 

25 

- 

- 

31 

Actuarial (gain) loss on plan assets and plan obligations  

  recognized in other comprehensive income 

525     

282     

2,803     

102 

Total expense (income) recognized in net income and 

  other comprehensive income  

  $ 

563    $ 

333    $ 

2,856    $ 

133 

The expense recognized in net income is recorded in Finance expense.  

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

18. Employee future benefits (cont’d): 

Expense (income) recognized in other comprehensive income:  

2012 

2011 

Pension 
plan 

Other  
benefit plan 

Pension  
plan 

Other 
benefit plan 

Actuarial loss on defined benefit plan obligations 

  $ 

1,030    $ 

282    $ 

2,126    $ 

102 

Expected return on plan assets 

Actual (return) loss on plan assets   

Plan expenses  

Actuarial (gain) loss recognized in other comprehensive 

574     

(1,126)    

47     

-     

-     

-     

582     

68     

27     

- 

- 

- 

  income 

  $ 

525    $ 

282    $ 

2,803    $ 

102 

Cumulative actuarial gains and losses recognized in other comprehensive income:  

Cumulative amount at January 1 

Recognized during the period  

Cumulative amount at December 31  

  $ 

3,348    $ 

252    $ 

2,823    $ 

2012 

2011 

Pension 
Plan 

Other  
benefit plan 

Pension  
plan 

Other 
benefit plan 

  $ 

2,823    $ 

(30)   $ 

20    $ 

(132)

525     

282     

2,803     

102 

(30)

The significant actuarial assumptions adopted in measuring the fair value of benefit obligations 

at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: 

Discount rate 

Rate of compensation increase 

2012 

2011 

Pension  

Other  

Pension 

Other 

plan 

benefit plan 

plan  

benefit plan 

3.87% 

3.02% 

n/a 

n/a 

4.3% 

n/a 

4.3% 

n/a 

The significant actuarial assumptions adopted in determining net expense for the years ended 

December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: 

Discount rate 

Expected return on plan assets  

Rate of compensation increase 

2012 

2011 

Pension 

Other  

Pension  

Other 

plan 

benefit plan 

plan 

benefit plan 

4.3% 

7.0% 

n/a 

4.3% 

n/a 

n/a 

5.5%   

7.0%   

n/a   

5.5% 

n/a 

n/a 

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

18. Employee future benefits (cont’d): 

The  assumed  health  care  cost  trend  rates  applicable  to  the  other  benefit  plans  at  December 

31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows: 

Initial medical health care cost trend rate 

Initial dental health care cost trend rate 

Cost trend rate declines to medical and dental 

Year that the medical rate reaches the rate it is assumed to remain at 

Year that the dental rate reaches the rate it is assumed to remain at 

2012   

8.0%   

5.0%   

5.0%   

2018   

2012   

2011 

8.0% 

5.0% 

5.0% 

2017 

2011 

A  one-percentage-point  change  in  assumed  health  care  cost  trend  rates  would  not  have  a 

material impact on the Corporation’s financial statements. 

19.  Equity: 

(a) Authorized and issued: 

Unlimited number of common shares, voting, without par value. 

Unlimited number of preferred shares, issuable in series. 

At  December  31,  2012,  91,801,477  (2011  –  84,550,524)  common  shares  are  issued  and 

outstanding. 

(b) Share option plan: 

The Corporation has options outstanding under a consolidated share option plan.  All directors, 

officers and employees of the Corporation, and its subsidiaries, are eligible to participate in the 

share option plans although as a matter of policy, options are currently not issued to directors. 

Option exercise prices are denominated in both Canadian and U.S. dollars, depending on the 

residency of the recipient.  Canadian dollar denominated options have been converted to U.S. 

dollars using the year-end exchange rate for presentation purposes.   

All  options  have  a  term  of  seven  to  ten  years  from  the  date  of  grant  unless  otherwise 

determined by the board of directors.  One-third of the options vest and may be exercised, at 

the beginning of each of the second, third and fourth years after granting. 

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

19.  Equity (cont’d): 

(b)  Share option plan (cont’d): 

As at December 31, 2012, options outstanding from the consolidated share option plan was as 

follows:  

Balance  

At January 1, 2011 

Options granted 

Options exercised  

Options forfeited  

Options expired  

At December 31, 2011 

Options granted 

Options exercised  

Options forfeited  

Options expired  

At December 31, 2012 

Options for 
common shares 

Weighted average 
exercise price 

6,682,589   

$ 

10.84 

1,874,369   

(25,834)   

(260,016)   

(655,139)   

7,615,969   

$ 

1,009,640   

(13,501)   

(1,271,663)   

(435,394)   

6,905,051   

$ 

1.99 

1.27 

7.62 

46.52 

5.54 

1.51 

1.22 

5.33 

35.75 

3.22 

The following table summarizes information about the Corporation’s share options outstanding 

as at December 31, 2012: 

Options outstanding 

Options exercisable 

Weighted 

average 

Weighted 

remaining 

average 

Range of exercise price 

outstanding 

(years) 

price 

exercisable 

Number 

contractual life 

exercise 

Number 

$0.81 – $1.96 

2,621,207 

4.8  $ 

$2.11 – $2.41 

2,635,131 

$3.12 – $5.11 

$5.82 – $7.99 

$10.00 – $14.76 

533,034 

880,619 

235,060 

4.8 

2.2 

2.2 

0.5 

1.54 

2.24 

4.81 

7.28 

14.07 

1,422,290  $ 

1,257,197 

533,034 

880,619 

235,060 

6,905,051 

4.1  $ 

3.22 

4,328,200  $ 

Weighted 

average 

exercise 

price 

1.57 

2.29 

4.81 

7.28 

14.07 

4.02 

During 2012, compensation expense of $1,274,000 (2011 - $1,743,000) was recorded in net 

income  as  a  result  of  fair  value  accounting  for  share  options  granted.  The  share  options 

granted  during  the  year  had  a  weighted  average  fair  value  of  $0.80  (2011  -  $1.14)  and 

vesting periods of three years. 

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

19.  Equity (cont’d): 

(b) Share option plan (cont’d): 

The  fair  values  of  the  options  granted  were  determined  using  the  Black-Scholes  valuation 

model under the following weighted average assumptions: 

Expected life 

Expected dividends 

Expected volatility 

Risk-free interest rate 

(c) Share distribution plan: 

2012 

5 years 

Nil 

62% 

2% 

2011 

5 years 

Nil 

63% 

3% 

The  Corporation  has  a  consolidated  share  distribution  plan  that  permits  the  issuance  of 

common shares for no cash consideration to employees of the Corporation to recognize their 

past  contribution  and  to  encourage  future  contribution  to  the  Corporation.    At  December  31, 

2012, there were 873,441 (2011 – 440,268) shares available to be issued under this plan. 

No compensation expense was recorded against income during the years ended December 31, 

2012 and 2011 for shares distributed, and to be distributed, under the plan. 

(d)  Deferred share units: 

Deferred  share  units  (“DSUs”)  are  granted  to  the  board  of  directors  and  executives.    Eligible 

directors may elect to receive all or part of their annual retainers and executives may elect to 

receive all or part of their annual bonuses in DSUs.  Each DSU is redeemable for one common 

share  in  the  capital  of  the  Corporation  after  the  director  or  executive  ceases  to  provide 

services  to  the  Corporation.    Shares  will  be  issued  from  the  Corporation’s  share  distribution 

plan.   

Balance  

At January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2011  

   DSUs granted  

  DSUs exercised  

At December 31, 2012 

DSUs for common shares 

290,797 

249,785 

(90,337) 

450,245 

During  2012,  compensation  expense  of  $176,000  was  recorded  in  net  income.    No 

compensation  expense  was  recorded  against  income  during  the  year  ended  December  31, 

2011. 

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

19.  Equity (cont’d): 

(e)  Restricted share units: 

Restricted  share  units  (“RSUs”)  are  granted  to  employees  and  executives.    Each  RSU  is 

convertible into one common share. The RSUs vest after a specified number of years from the 

date  of  issuance,  and  under  certain  circumstances,  are  contingent  on  achieving  specified 

performance criteria. 

The  Corporation  has  two  plans  under  which  RSUs  may  be  granted,  the  consolidated  share 

distribution  plan  and  the  market  purchase  RSU  plan.    Awards  under  the  consolidated  share 

distribution  plan  (note  19  (c))  are  satisfied  by  the  issuance  of  treasury  shares  on  maturity.  

Awards granted under the market purchase RSU Plan are satisfied by shares purchased on the 

open market by a trust established for that purpose.  No common shares were repurchased in 

2012.  During 2011, the  Corporation repurchased  230,211 common shares through the trust 

for cash consideration of $327,000 for the purpose of funding future grants under the Market 

Purchase  RSU  Plan.    As  at  December  31,  2012  the  Corporation  held  183,629  shares  as 

treasury shares. 

Balance  

At January 1, 2011 

RSUs granted 

RSUs exercised 

RSUs forfeited  

At December 31, 2011 

RSUs granted 

RSUs exercised 

RSUs forfeited  

RSUs transferred  

At December 31, 2012 

RSUs for common shares 

Share  

Market  

Distribution Plan 

Purchase Plan 

Total RSUs 

851,970 

- 

(660,522) 

(4,975) 

186,473 

1,352,784 

(84,530) 

(122,044) 

652,625 

1,985,308 

1,059,098 

1,351,516 

(371,626) 

(52,084) 

1,986,904 

245,897 

(124,884) 

(602,893) 

(652,625) 

852,399 

1,911,068 

1,351,516 

(1,032,148) 

(57,059) 

2,173,377 

1,598,681 

(209,414) 

(724,937) 

- 

2,837,707 

In  December  2012,  652,625  unvested  RSUs  previously  granted  under  the  Market  Purchase 

Plan  were  cancelled  and  new  RSUs  were  reissued  from  the  Share  Distribution  Plan  with 

identical terms.  

The  fair  value  of  RSU  grants  is  measured  based  on  the  stock  price  of  the  shares  underlying 

the  RSU  on  the  date  of  grant.    During  2012,  compensation  expense  of  $1,296,000  (2011  - 

$870,000) was recorded against income. 

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

20. Operating leases: 

The Corporation leases a facility at its Burnaby, Canada location, which has been assessed as 

an operating lease.  The facility has a lease term expiring in 2019, with renewal options after 

that date.  Lease payments of $2,434,000 were expensed in 2012. 

At December 31, 2012, the Corporation is committed to payments under operating leases as 

follows: 

Less than 1 year 
1-3 years 
4-5 years 
Thereafter 
Total minimum lease payments 

21. Commitments and contingencies: 

  $ 

  $ 

2,520 
5,327 
5,499 
8,228 
21,574 

As  of  December  31,  2012,  the  Corporation  has  agreed  to  pay  royalties  in  respect  of  sales  of 

certain  fuel  cell-based  stationary  power  products  under  two  development  programs  with 

Canadian  government  agencies.    The  total  combined  royalty  is  limited  in  any  year  to  4%  of 

revenue from such products.  Under the terms of the Utilities Development Program (Phase 1) 

with  the  Governments  of  Canada  and  British  Columbia,  total  royalties  are  payable  to  a 

maximum equal to the original amount of the government contributions of CDN$5,351,000. As 

of December 31, 2012, no royalties have been incurred for Phase 1.  Under the terms of the 

Utilities  Development  Program  (Phase  2)  with  Technology  Partnerships  Canada  (“TPC”),  total 

royalties are payable to a maximum of CDN$38,329,000.  As of December 31, 2012, a total of 

CDN  $5,320,000  in  royalty  repayments  have  been  made  for  Phase  2.    The  Corporation  has 

made no Phase 2 royalty repayments in 2012 and 2011. On January 15, 2013, the Corporation 

reached  a  settlement  agreement  with  TPC  to  terminate  all  existing  and  future  potential 

royalties  payable  under  the  Utilities  Development  Program  (Phase  2)  in  exchange  for  a  final 

repayment of CDN $1,930,000 (note 29).   

At  December  31,  2012,  the  Corporation  has  outstanding  commitments  aggregating  up  to  a 

maximum  of  $329,000  (2011  -  $867,000)  relating  primarily  to  purchases  of  property,  plant 

and equipment.   

The  Corporation  is  also  committed  to  make  future  investments  totaling  $56,000  in  Chrysalix 

(note 12). 

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

21. Commitments and contingencies (cont’d): 

The Corporation has agreed to pay royalties in respect of sales of Ballard fuel cells or fuel cell 

systems under a July 31, 1996 Fuel Cell Bus Program Agreement (“FC Bus Agreement”), with 

Province  of  British  Columbia,  BC  Transit,  and  BC  Transportation  Financing  Authority 

(“BCTFA”).  Under the terms of FC Bus Agreement, the royalty payable is at a rate of 2% on 

deferred  sales  of  such  products  for  commercial  transit  application  to  a  maximum  of 

$2,211,000 (CDN$ 2,200,000).  No royalties have been paid to date.  

On  December  31,  2008,  the  Corporation  completed  a  restructuring  transaction  with  Superior 

Plus  Income  Fund  (“Superior  Plus”),  which  included  an  indemnification  agreement  (the 

“Indemnity Agreement”), which sets out the parties’ continuing obligations to the other.  The 

Indemnity Agreement provides for the indemnification by each of the parties to the other for 

breaches of representations and warranties or covenants, as well as, in the Corporation’s case, 

any  liability  relating  to  the  business  which  is  suffered  by  Superior  Plus.    The  Corporation’s 

indemnity  to  Superior  Plus  with  respect  to  representation  relating  to  the  existence  of  the 

Corporation’s  tax  pools  immediately  prior  to  the  completion  of  the  Arrangement  is  limited  to 

an  aggregate  of  $7,388,000  (CDN  $7,350,000)  with  a  threshold  amount  of  $503,000  (CDN 

$500,000)  before  there  is  an  obligation  to  make a  payment.   The  Indemnity  Agreement  also 

provides  for  adjustments  to  be  paid  by  the  Corporation,  or  to  the  Corporation,  depending  on 

the final determination of the amount of 2008 Canadian non-capital losses, scientific research 

and  development  expenditures  and  investment  tax  credits,  to  the  extent  that  such  amounts 

are more or less than the amounts estimated at the time the Arrangement was executed.  At 

December  31,  2012,  no  amount  payable  or  receivable  has  been  accrued  as  a  result  of  the 

Indemnity Agreement. 

22. Personnel expenses: 

Personnel  expenses  are  included  in  cost  of  product  and  services  revenues,  research  and 

product  development expense, general and administrative expense, and sales and marketing 

expense.  

Salaries and employee benefits 

Share-based compensation (note 19)  

December 31, 

December 31, 

2012 

45,836 

$ 

2,582 

48,418 

$ 

2011 

51,662 

2,377 

54,039 

$ 

$ 

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

23. Income taxes: 

(a)  Current tax expense:  

The components of income tax benefit / (expense) included in the determination of the profit 

(loss) from continuing operations comprise of:  

Current tax expense  

Current period income tax  

Withholding tax  

Adjustment for prior periods 

Total current tax expense 

Deferred tax expense  

2012 

2011 

$ 

$ 

-   

$ 

- 

- 

-   

$ 

- 

134 

- 

134 

Origination and reversal of temporary differences  

$ 

14,967   

$ 

Adjustments for prior periods 

Change in unrecognized deductible temporary differences  

Total deferred tax expense 

Total income tax expense  

$ 

$ 

2,146     

(17,113)    

-   

$ 

(8,044)

(1,037)

9,081

- 

-   

$ 

134 

The  Corporation’s  effective  income  tax  rate  differs  from  the  combined  Canadian  federal  and 

provincial  statutory  income  tax  rate  for  companies.    The  principal  factors  causing  the 

difference are as follows:  

Net loss before income taxes 

Expected tax expense (recovery) at 25.0% (2011 – 26.5%) 

Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from: 

  Non-deductible portion of capital gain (loss) 

  Non-deductible expenses (non-taxable income) 

  Expiry of losses and investment tax credits  

  Investment tax credits earned 

  Foreign tax rate differences 

  Change in unrecognized deductible temporary differences 

2012     

2011

$ 

$ 

(43,409)  

(10,852)  

$ 

$ 

(39,777) 

(10,541) 

-   

3,512   

27,539   

(3,848)  

(6)  

(16,345)  

2,839 

840 

- 

(4,352) 

11 

11,337 

Income taxes 

$ 

-   

$ 

134 

(b)  Unrecognized deferred tax liabilities: 

At December 31, 2012, the Corporation did not recognize any deferred tax liabilities resulting 

from taxable temporary differences for financial statement and income tax purposes.  

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

23. Income taxes (cont’d): 

(c)  Unrecognized deferred tax asset: 

At  December  31,  2012,  the  Corporation  did  not  have  any  deferred  tax  assets  resulting  from 

the  following  deductible  temporary  differences  for  financial  statement  and  income  tax 

purposes. 

Scientific research expenditures 

Investment in associated companies 

Accrued warranty liabilities 

Losses from operations carried forward  

Capital losses carried forward 

U.S. investment tax credits  

Investment tax credits 

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 

2012 
57,285  $ 

$ 

18,364 

30,359 

75,290 

9,423 

626 

22,451 

206,860 

2011
46,587 

17,965 

31,370 

66,095 

90,238 

835 

17,984 

197,744 

$ 

420,658  $ 

468,818

Deferred  tax  assets  have  not  been  recognized  in  respect  of  these  deductible  temporary 

differences because it is not probable that future taxable profit will be available against which 

the Corporation can utilize the benefits.  

The Corporation has available to carry forward the following as at December 31: 

Canadian scientific research expenditures 

Canadian losses from operations 

Canadian investment tax credits 

German losses from operations for corporate tax purposes 

U.S. federal losses from operations 

U.S. state losses from operations  

U.S. research and development and investment tax credits  

U.S. capital losses 

Denmark losses from operations 

2012 

$ 

57,285  $ 

29,710 

22,451 

241 

13,543 

1,702 

626 

9,423 

30,094 

2011 
46,587 

23,075 

17,984 

227 

13,287 

1,972 

825 

90,237 

27,534 

The  Canadian  scientific  research  expenditures  may  be  carried  forward  indefinitely.    The 

Canadian  losses  from  operations  may  be  used  to  offset  future  Canadian  taxable  income  and 

expire over the period from 2029 to 2032.   

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

23. Income taxes (cont’d): 

(c)  Unrecognized deferred tax assets (cont’d): 

The German and Denmark losses from operations may be used to offset future taxable income 

in  Germany  and  Denmark  for  corporate  tax  and  trade  tax  purposes  and  may  be  carried 

forward indefinitely.   

The U.S. federal losses from operations may be used to offset future U.S. taxable income and 

expire over the period from 2013 to  2032.  The U.S. states losses from operations arising in 

California  may  be  used  to  offset  future  state  taxable  income  and  may  be  carried  forward  for 

ten  years.    The  U.S.  federal  and  state  research  and  development  and  investment  tax  credits 

are  available  to  reduce  future  U.S.  taxable  income  and  expire  over  the  period  from  2013  to 

2031. The U.S. capital losses are available to reduce U.S. capital gains and expire in 2013. 

The  Canadian  investment  tax  credits  may  be  used  to  offset  future  Canadian  income  taxes 

otherwise payable and expire as follows: 

2013 

2014 

2016 

2017 

2019 

2020 

2021 

2022 

2029 

2030 

2031 

2032 

$ 

121 

107 

96 

105 

2,643 

1,925 

1,814 

1,637 

4,763 

3,261 

3,032 

2,947 

$ 

22,451 

24. Related party transactions: 

Related  parties  include  shareholders  with  a  significant  ownership  interest  in  the  Corporation, 

together with its subsidiaries and affiliates and the Corporation’s key management personnel.  

The  revenue  and  costs  recognized  from  transactions  with  such  parties  reflect  the  prices  and 

terms  of  sales  and  purchase  transactions  with  related  parties,  which  are  in  accordance  with 

normal  trade  practices.    Transactions  between  the  Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries  are 

eliminated on consolidation.  

Balances with related parties: 

Trade receivables 

Trade payables 

Interest payable  

Convertible debenture payable  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2012 

-  $ 

100  $ 

417  $ 

2011 

-

260

141

2,507  $ 

1,592

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

24. Related party transactions (cont’d): 

Transactions during the year with related parties: 

Revenues  

Purchases 

Finance expense  

$ 

$ 

$ 

2012 

-  $ 

309  $ 

289  $ 

2011

-

744

151

The  Corporation  provides  key  management  personnel,  being  board  directors  and  executive 

officers,  certain  benefits,  in  addition  to  their  salaries.    Key  management  personnel  also 

participate in the Corporation’s share-based compensation plans (note 19). 

In  addition  to  cash  and  equity  compensation,  the  Corporation  provides  the  executive  officers 

with  certain  personal  benefits,  including  car  allowance,  medical  benefit  program,  long  and 

short-term  disability  coverage,  life  insurance  and  an  annual  medical  and  financial  planning 

allowance.   

In  accordance  with  the  employment  agreements  of  the  executive  officers,  the  Corporation  is 

required  to  provide  notice  of  12  months  plus  one  month  for  every  year  of  employment 

completed  with  the  Corporation,  to  a  maximum  of  24  months,  or  payment  in  lieu  of  such 

notice, consisting of the salary, bonus and other benefits that would have been earned during 

such notice period.  If there is a change of control, and if the executive officer’s employment is 

terminated, including a constructive dismissal, within 2 years following the date of a change of 

control,  the  executive  officer  is  entitled  to  a  payment  equivalent  to  payment  in  lieu  of  a  24 

month notice period. 

Key management personnel compensation is comprised of: 

Salaries and employee benefits 

Post-employment retirement benefits  

Termination benefits 

Share-based compensation (note 19) 

25. Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: 

Non-cash financing and investing activities: 

Compensatory shares  

Shares issued for acquisition (note 6)  

Assets acquired under finance lease  

2012 

2011 

$ 

2,412 

$ 

3,744 

63 

- 

1,396 

$ 

3,871 

$ 

79 

425 

1,136 

5,384 

2012 

427  $ 

7,493  $ 

2011 

2,046 

- 

-  $ 

1,906 

$ 

$ 

$ 

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

26. Operating segments: 

The Corporation’s business has three market segments:  

•  Fuel Cell Products: fuel cell products and services for motive power (material handling 
and bus markets) and stationary power (backup power and distributed generation 

markets) applications; and engineering services for a variety of fuel cell applications;  

•  Contract Automotive: contract manufacturing services provided primarily for Daimler 

AG;  

•  Material Products (Discontinued Operation): carbon fiber products primarily for 

automotive transmissions and gas diffusion layers (“GDL”) for fuel cells. 

In  2012,  the  Corporation  decided  to  dispose  of  its  Material  Products  segment,  which  was 

subsequently sold on January 31, 2013 (note 29).  As a result, the Material Products segment 

has been classified and accounted for as a discontinued operation (note 28) at December 31, 

2012 and has not been included in the segment disclosures.  

In  2011,  the  Corporation  completed  its  manufacturing  services  contract  for  the  supply  of 

automotive  fuel  cell  modules  to  Daimler  AG.    As  a  result,  the  Contract  Automotive  segment 

ceased to be an operating segment as of December 31, 2011.   

Segment revenues and segment income (loss) represent the primary financial measures used 

by  senior  management  in  assessing  performance  and  allocating  resources,  and  include  the 

revenues,  cost  of  product  and  service  revenues  and  expenses  for  which  management  is  held 

accountable.    Segment  expenses  include  research  and  product  development  costs  directly 

attributable to individual segments. 

Costs  associated  with  shared  services  and  other  shared  costs  are  allocated  based  on 

headcount and square footage. Corporate amounts include expenses for research and product 

development  that  are  not  attributable  to  individual  segments,  sales  and  marketing,  and 

general  and  administrative,  which  apply  generally  across  all  segments  and  are  reviewed 

separately by senior management. 

A significant portion of the Corporation’s production, testing and lab equipment, and facilities, 

as  well  as  intellectual  property,  are  common  across  the  segments.  Therefore,  management 

does not classify asset information on a segmented basis.  Instead, performance assessments 

of these assets and related resource allocations are done on a company-wide basis. 

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

26. Operating segments (cont’d): 

Total revenues 

Fuel Cell Products 

Contract Automotive  

Segment income (loss) for the year (1) 
Fuel Cell Products 

Contract Automotive 

Total  

Corporate amounts  

  Research and product development  

  General and administrative  

  Sales and marketing 

Net finance loss 

Gain (loss) on sale of property, plant and equipment  

Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment 

Impairment loss on goodwill  

2012 

2011 

  $ 

43,690 

  $ 

- 

  $ 

43,690 

  $ 

  $ 

850 

  $ 

- 

850 

(12,754)     

(12,306)     

(6,901)     

(1,659)     

(69)     

(570)     

(10,000)     

46,468 

9,305 

55,773 

(1,475)

1,803 

328 

(17,945)

(11,455)

(8,515)

(1,197)

734 

(1,727)

- 

Loss before income tax and discontinued operations 

  $ 

(43,409)    $ 

(39,777)

(1) 

Research and product development costs directly related to segments are included in segment income (loss) for the 

year. 

In  2012,  revenues  from  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  segment  included  sales  to  two  customers  of 

$6,152,000 and $5,500,000, respectively, which exceeded 10% of total revenue. 

In 2011, sales to a single customer of $18,119,000 exceeded 10% of total revenue, of which 

$9,899,000  were  included  in  revenues  from  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  segment  and  $8,220,000 

were included in revenues from the Contract Automotive segment.   

Revenues  from  continuing  operations  by  geographic  area,  which  are  attributed  to  countries 

based on customer location for the years ended December 31, is as follows: 

Revenues 

Canada 

U.S. 

Germany 

Denmark 

Belgium  

South Africa 

Brazil  

Other countries 

2012 

$ 

9,669  $ 

11,346 

2,664 

1,716 

4,119 

6,887 

- 

7,289 

2011 

9,300 

13,284 

19,086 

2,631 

4,992 

- 

2,810 

3,670 

$ 

43,690  $ 

55,773 

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

26. Operating segments (cont’d): 

Non-current assets by geographic area is as follows:  

Non-current assets  

Canada 

U.S. 

Denmark  

Germany  

Mexico 

27. Financial instruments: 

(a) 

Fair value: 

December 31, 

December 31, 

2012 

2011 

$ 

63,935  $ 

76,728 

251 

1,318 

59 

686 

8,635 

1,962 

59 

-

$ 

66,249  $ 

87,384 

The  Corporation’s  financial  instruments  consist  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  short-term 

investments,  accounts  receivables,  long-term  investments,  accounts  payable  and  accrued 

liabilities,  and  obligations  under  capital  lease.    The  fair  values  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents, 

accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  approximate  carrying  value 

because of the short-term nature of these instruments.  The Corporation’s investments (note 

12)  are  not  actively  traded,  therefore  management  estimates  fair  value  using  valuation 

techniques  that  require  inputs  that  are  unobservable,  including  inputs  made  available  by  its 

investees (i.e. Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy).  The interest rates applied to the obligations 

under  capital  lease  are  not  considered  to  be  materially  different  from  market  rates,  thus  the 

carrying value of obligations under capital lease approximate fair value.  The carrying value of 

short-term investments equal their fair values as they are classified as held for trading.  

Fair value measurements recognized in the balance sheet must be categorized in accordance 

with the following levels:  

(i)   Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;  

(ii)  Level  2:  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  in  Level  1  that  are  observable  for  the 

asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices);  

(iii)  Level  3:  inputs  for  the  asset  or  liability  that  are  not  based  on  observable  market  data 

(unobservable inputs).  

The Corporation categorized the fair value measurement of its short-term investments in Level 

1 as they are primarily derived directly from reference to quoted (unadjusted) prices in active 

markets.  

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

27. Financial instruments (cont’d): 

(b)  Financial risk management:  

The Corporation primarily has exposure to currency exchange rate risk, interest rate risk and 

credit  risk.    These  risks  arise  primarily  from  the  Corporation’s  holdings  of  Canadian  dollar 

denominated cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Short-term investments 

Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term  
  investments 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Short-term investments 

Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term  
  investments 

(1) U.S. dollar equivalent 

2012 

Canadia

5. 
n dollar 
portfolio(1) 
9. 
  5,419 
13. 
   12,068 
17. 
  17,487 

6.  U.S. dollar 
7. 

portfolio 

$

$

10. 
  3,591 
14. 
  - 
18. 
  3,591 

$

$

8. 
  Other (1) 
11.   
  760 
15.   
  - 
19.   
  760 

2011 

21.  Canadia
n dollar 
portfolio(1) 
25. 
  9,421 
29. 
   25,878 
33. 
  35,299 

$

$

22.  U.S. dollar 
23.  portfolio 

26. 
  10,284 
30. 
  - 
34. 
  10,284 

$

$

24.   
  Other (1) 
27.   
  611 
31.   
  - 
35.   
  611 

$

$

$

$

Total 
$

12. 
  9,770 
16. 
  12,068 
20. 
  21,838 

Total 
$

28. 
  20,316 
32. 
  25,878 
36. 
  46,194 

$

$

Changes  arising  from  these  risks  could  impact  the  Corporation’s  reported  investment  and 

other  income  through  either  changes  to  investment  income  or  foreign  exchange  gains  or 

losses.  Reported finance income and expenses and other income are as follows: 

Investment income  

Other income 

Pension costs  

Foreign exchange loss 

Finance income (loss) and other  

Finance expense 

37.  2012 

38.  2011 

$ 

249 

$ 

(11) 

(29) 

(178) 

31 

$ 

303 

- 

(37) 

(71) 

195 

$ 

$ 

(1,690)  $ 

(1,392) 

The  Corporation  did  not  realize  any  material  gains  or  losses  on  its  accounts  receivable  or  its 

financial liabilities measured at amortized cost.  

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

27. Financial instruments (cont’d): 

(b)  Financial risk management (cont’d):  

Foreign currency exchange rate risk (cont’d) 

Foreign currency exchange rate risk is the risk that the fair value of deferred cash flows of a 

financial  instrument  will  fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates.    The 

Corporation  is  exposed  to  currency  risks  primarily  due  to  its  holdings  of  Canadian  dollar 

denominated  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  and  its  Canadian  dollar 

denominated purchases and accounts payable.  Substantially all receivables are denominated 

in U.S. dollars.   

The Corporation limits its exposure to foreign currency risk by holding Canadian denominated 

cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  in  amounts  up  to  100%  of  forecasted 

twelve month Canadian dollar net expenditures and up to 50% of the following twelve months 

of forecasted Canadian dollar net expenditures, thereby creating a natural hedge.  Periodically, 

the  Corporation  also  enters  into  forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  to  further  limit  its 

exposure.  At December 31, 2012, the Corporation had Canadian dollar cash, cash equivalents 

and short-term investments of CDN $17,398,000. 

The following exchange rates applied during the year ended December 31, 2012: 

January 1, 2012 Opening rate 

December 31, 2012 Closing rate 

Fiscal 2012 Average rate 

$U.S. to $1.00 CDN  

$CDN to $1.00 $U.S. 

$ 0.983 

$ 1.005 

$ 1.001 

$ 1.017 

$ 0.995 

$ 0.999 

Based  on  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  held  at  December  31,  2012,  a 

10%  increase  in  the  Canadian  dollar  against  the  U.S.  dollar,  with  all  other  variables  held 

constant,  would  result in an  increase  in  foreign  exchange  gains  of  approximately  $1,742,000 

recorded against net income. 

If  the  Canadian  dollar  weakened  10%  against  the  U.S.  dollar,  there  would  be  an  equal,  and 

opposite  impact,  on  net  income.    This  sensitivity  analysis  includes  foreign  currency 

denominated monetary items, and adjusts their translation at year-end, for a 10% change in 

foreign currency rates. 

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

27. Financial instruments (cont’d): 

(b)  Financial risk management (cont’d):  

Interest rate risk 

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of deferred cash flows of a financial instrument 

will  fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  market  interest  rates.    The  Corporation  is  exposed  to 

interest  rate  risk  arising  primarily  from  fluctuations  in  interest  rates  on  its  cash,  cash 

equivalents and short-term investments.  The Corporation limits its exposure to interest  rate 

risk  by  continually  monitoring  and  adjusting  portfolio  duration  to  align  to  forecasted  cash 

requirements and anticipated changes in interest rates. 

Based on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at December 31, 2012, a 0.25% 

decline  in  interest  rates,  with  all  other  variables  held  constant,  would  result  in  a  decrease  in 

investment income $55,000, arising mainly as a result of an increase in the fair value of fixed 

rate  financial  assets  classified  as  held-for-trading.    If  interest  rates  had  been  0.25%  higher, 

there would be an equal and opposite impact on net income. 

Credit risk 

Credit  risk  is  the  risk  of  financial  loss  to  the  Corporation  if  a  counterparty  to  a  financial 

instrument  fails  to  meet  its  contractual  obligations  and  arises  principally  from  the 

Corporation’s  cash,  cash  equivalents,  short-term  investments  and  accounts  receivable.    The 

Corporation  limits  its  exposure  to  credit  risk  on  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term 

investments  by  only  investing  in  liquid,  investment  grade  securities.    The  Corporation 

manages  its  exposure  to  credit  risk  on  accounts  receivable  by  assessing  the  ability  of 

counterparties to fulfill their obligations under the related contracts prior to entering into such 

contracts, and continuously monitors these exposures. 

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

28. Assets held for sale and discontinued operations:  

In  2012,  the  Corporation  decided  to  dispose  of  its  Material  Products  segment,  which  was 

subsequently  sold  on  January  31,  2013  (note  29).    Due  to  the  Corporation’s  commitment  to 

the  disposition  of  the  segment  as  of  December  31,  2012,  the  Material  Products  segment  has 

been  classified  and  accounted  for  as  discontinued  operations  and  the  assets  and  liabilities  of 

the  Material  Products  segment  have  been  classified  as  held  for  sale.    Impairment  losses  of 

$1,815,000  and  $500,000  relating  to  goodwill  and  property,  plant  and  equipment, 

respectively,  were  recognized  based  on  a  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell  assessment,  which 

compared  the  segment’s  carrying  value  as  of  December  31,  2012  to  the  actual  net  proceeds 

received on disposition on January 31, 2013 (note 11). 

Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale are comprised of the following: 

Trade and other receivables  

Inventories   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets  

Property, plant and equipment  

Assets classified as held for sale  

Trade and other payables 

Deferred revenue  

Liabilities classified as held for sale  

  December 31, 

$ 

2012 

2,367 

2,555 

61 

5,815 

$ 

10,798 

$ 

$ 

1,398 

25 

1,423 

Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations is comprised of the following: 

Product and service revenues 

Cost of product and service revenues 

Gross margin 

Total operating expenses 

Impairment on property, plant and equipment  

Impairment loss on goodwill  

Earnings before income taxes  

Income tax expense   

2012 

  $ 

15,540 

  $ 

11,159 

4,381 

(2,053)    

(500)    

(1,815)    

13 

(78)    

Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations  

  $ 

(65)    $ 

2011

20,236 

13,630 

6,606 

(2,602)

- 

- 

4,004 

(249)

3,755 

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011 
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares) 

28. Assets held for sale and discontinued operations (cont’d):  

Net cash flows from discontinued operations is as follows: 

Cash provided by (used in) operating activities 

  $ 

2,303 

  $ 

Cash used in investing activities  

Cash used in financing activities  

(476)    

- 

2012 

2011 

3,587 

(282)

- 

Cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) discontinued 

  operations  

  $ 

1,827 

  $ 

3,305 

29. Subsequent events: 

On  January  15,  2013,  a  Canadian  government  agency  agreed  to  terminate  previous  funding 

obligations that were repayable through potential royalties in respect of future sales of fuel cell 

based stationary power products under the Utilities Development Program (Phase 2) (note 21) 

in exchange for a final repayment by the Corporation of CDN $1,930,000. 

On January 31, 2013, the Corporation completed an agreement to sell substantially all of the 

assets  of  its  Material  Products  division  for  up  to  $12,000,000.    Of  this  amount,  $10,500,000 

was paid to the Corporation in cash on closing, with the remainder payable dependent on the 

Material  Products  division  achieving  certain  financial  results  in  2013.    The  Material  Products 

division  has  been  classified  and  accounted  for  as  assets  held  for  sale  and  discontinued 

operations (note 28) at December 31, 2012.  

On February 18, 2013, the maturity date of the convertible debenture related to financing to 

Dantherm  Power  A/S  by  the  non-controlling  partner  (note  17)  was  extended  from  December 

31, 2013 to December 31, 2014. 

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
PUTTING FUEL CELLS TO WORK

CORPORATE INFORMATION

CORPORATE OFFICES

EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Ballard Power Systems Inc.
Corporate Headquarters
9000 Glenlyon Parkway
Burnaby, BC Canada V5J 5J8
T: 604.454.0900
F: 604.412.4700

TRANSFER AGENT

Computershare Trust
Company of Canada
Shareholder Services Department
510 Burrard Street
Vancouver, BC Canada V6C 3B9
T: 1.800.564.6253
F: 1.866.249.7775

STOCK LISTING

Ballard’s common shares are
listed on the Toronto Stock
Exchange under the trading
symbol BLD and on the
NASDAQ Global Market under
the trading symbol BLDP.

INVESTOR RELATIONS

To obtain additional information,
please contact:

Ballard Power Systems
Investor Relations
9000 Glenlyon Parkway
Burnaby, BC Canada V5J 5J8
T: 604.412.3195
F: 604.412.3100
E: investors@ballard.com
W: www.ballard.com

John W. Sheridan
President & Chief
Executive Officer

Tony Guglielmin
Vice President & Chief
Financial Officer 

Paul Cass
Vice President, Operations

Christopher J. Guzy
Vice President & Chief
Technical Officer

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

KPMG LLP
Vancouver, BC Canada

LEGAL COUNSEL

Canada:
Stikeman Elliott, LLP
Vancouver, BC Canada

United States:
Dorsey & Whitney LLP
Seattle, WA USA

Intellectual Property:
Seed Intellectual Property
Law Group, LLC
Seattle, WA USA

Ian A. Bourne
Corporate Director
Alberta, Canada

Douglas P. Hayhurst
Corporate Director
British Columbia, Canada

Edwin J. Kilroy
Corporate Director
Ontario, Canada

John W. Sheridan
President & Chief Executive
Officer
Ballard Power Systems Inc.
British Columbia, Canada

Carol M. Stephenson
Corporate Director
Ontario, Canada

David B. Sutcliffe
Corporate Director
British Columbia, Canada

Ian Sutcliffe
Corporate Director
Ontario, Canada

PUTTING FUEL CELLS TO WORK

www.ballard.com