Quarterlytics / Industrials / Industrial - Machinery / Ballard Power Systems Inc.

Ballard Power Systems Inc.

bldp · NASDAQ Industrials
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Ticker bldp
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Industrials
Industry Industrial - Machinery
Employees 887
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FY2013 Annual Report · Ballard Power Systems Inc.
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265028_Ballard_Cov_r2.indd   1

4/23/14   11:03 PM

CONTENTS 

Notice of Annual Meeting .................................................................................................................................................. 1 
Management Proxy Circular .............................................................................................................................................. 8 
Matters to be Voted Upon ................................................................................................................................................. 8 
Voting Information ............................................................................................................................................................ 8 
Corporate Governance ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 
Executive Compensation ................................................................................................................................................. 20 
Additional Information .................................................................................................................................................... 40 
Defined Terms .................................................................................................................................................................. 42 
Appendix "A" Board Mandate ......................................................................................................................................... A1 
Appendix "B" Description of Option Plan ....................................................................................................................... B1 
Appendix"C" Description of SDP ..................................................................................................................................... C1 
Financial Information ....................................................................................................................................................... D1 

ABOUT BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS  
Ballard  Power  Systems  (NASDAQ:  BLDP)(TSX:  BLD)  is  a  global  leader  in  clean  energy  fuel  cell  products  and 
services. We have extensive expertise in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell technology, built on years 
of  experience  in  product  design,  testing,  system  integration  and  commercialization.  Our  350  dedicated 
employees – most of whom are located at our headquarters facility in Vancouver, Canada – sell to and support 
customers in such international locations as Southeast Asia, China, India, U.S., Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, 
Europe and Africa. Our business model is focused on fuel cell product sales, engineering services and licensing 
activities. Learn more in this document and at www.ballard.com.  

CAUTION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This  document  contains  forward-looking  statements  concerning: 
revenue  estimates;  market  growth  projections;  operating 
expenses; cost savings; adjusted EBIDTA; product cost reductions 
and product  shipments.These  forward-looking  statements reflect 
Ballard’s current expectations as contemplated under section 27A 
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Any such forward-
looking statements are based on Ballard’s assumptions relating to 
its  financial  forecasts  and  expectations  regarding  its  product 
development  efforts,  manufacturing  capacity,  and  market 
demand. 

These  statements  involve  risks  and  uncertainties  that  may  cause 
Ballard's actual results to be materially different, including general 
economic  and  regulatory  changes,  detrimental  reliance  on  third 
parties,  successfully  achieving  our  business  plans  and  achieving 
and sustaining profitability. For a detailed discussion of these and 
other  risk  factors  that  could  affect  Ballard's  future  performance, 
please  refer  to  Ballard's  most  recent  Annual  Information  Form.  
Readers  should  not  place  undue  reliance  on  Ballard's  forward-
looking  statements  and  Ballard  assumes  no  obligation  to  update 
or  release  any  revisions  to  these  forward-looking  statements, 
other than as required under applicable legislation. 

PUTTING FUEL CELLS TO WORK

CORPORATE INFORMATION 

CORPORATE(cid:3)OFFICES(cid:3)
Ballard(cid:3)Power(cid:3)Systems(cid:3)Inc.(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Headquarters(cid:3)
9000(cid:3)Glenlyon(cid:3)Parkway(cid:3)
Burnaby,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)V5J(cid:3)5J8(cid:3)
T:(cid:3)604.454.0900(cid:3)
F:(cid:3)604.412.4700(cid:3)
(cid:3)
(cid:3)
TRANSFER(cid:3)AGENT(cid:3)
Computershare(cid:3)Trust(cid:3)(cid:3)
Company(cid:3)of(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
Shareholder(cid:3)Services(cid:3)Department(cid:3)
510(cid:3)Burrard(cid:3)Street(cid:3)
Vancouver,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)V6C(cid:3)3B9(cid:3)
T:(cid:3)1.800.564.6253(cid:3)
F:(cid:3)1.866.249.7775(cid:3)
(cid:3)
(cid:3)
STOCK(cid:3)LISTING(cid:3)
Ballard’s(cid:3)common(cid:3)shares(cid:3)are(cid:3)(cid:3)
listed(cid:3)on(cid:3)the(cid:3)Toronto(cid:3)Stock(cid:3)(cid:3)
Exchange(cid:3)under(cid:3)the(cid:3)trading(cid:3)(cid:3)
symbol(cid:3)BLD(cid:3)and(cid:3)on(cid:3)the(cid:3)
NASDAQ(cid:3)Global(cid:3)Market(cid:3)(cid:3)
under(cid:3)the(cid:3)trading(cid:3)symbol(cid:3)BLDP.(cid:3)
(cid:3)
INVESTOR(cid:3)RELATIONS(cid:3)
To(cid:3)obtain(cid:3)additional(cid:3)information,(cid:3)
please(cid:3)contact:(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Ballard(cid:3)Power(cid:3)Systems(cid:3)
Investor(cid:3)Relations(cid:3)
9000(cid:3)Glenlyon(cid:3)Parkway(cid:3)
Burnaby,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)V5J(cid:3)5J8(cid:3)
T:(cid:3)604.412.3195(cid:3)
F:(cid:3)604.412.3100(cid:3)
E:(cid:3)investors@ballard.com(cid:3)
W:(cid:3)www.ballard.com(cid:3)

EXECUTIVE(cid:3)MANAGEMENT(cid:3)(cid:3)

(cid:3)
(cid:3)

(cid:3)

John(cid:3)W.(cid:3)Sheridan(cid:3)
President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Executive(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Tony(cid:3)Guglielmin(cid:3)
Vice(cid:3)President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Financial(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Paul(cid:3)Cass(cid:3)
Vice(cid:3)President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Operations(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Christopher(cid:3)J.(cid:3)Guzy(cid:3)
Vice(cid:3)President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Technical(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Steven(cid:3)Karaffa(cid:3)
Vice(cid:3)President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Commercial(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)
(cid:3)
INDEPENDENT(cid:3)AUDITORS(cid:3)
(cid:3)
KPMG(cid:3)LLP(cid:3)
Vancouver,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
LEGAL(cid:3)COUNSEL(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Canada:(cid:3)
Stikeman(cid:3)Elliott,(cid:3)LLP(cid:3)
Vancouver,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
United(cid:3)States:(cid:3)
Dorsey(cid:3)&(cid:3)Whitney(cid:3)LLP(cid:3)
Seattle,(cid:3)WA(cid:3)USA(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Intellectual(cid:3)Property:(cid:3)
Seed(cid:3)Intellectual(cid:3)Property(cid:3)(cid:3)
Law(cid:3)Group,(cid:3)LLC(cid:3)
Seattle,(cid:3)WA(cid:3)USA(cid:3)

BOARD(cid:3)OF(cid:3)DIRECTORS(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Ian(cid:3)A.(cid:3)Bourne(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
Alberta,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Douglas(cid:3)P.(cid:3)Hayhurst(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
British(cid:3)Columbia,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Edwin(cid:3)J.(cid:3)Kilroy(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
Ontario,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
John(cid:3)W.(cid:3)Sheridan(cid:3)
President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)Executive(cid:3)
Officer(cid:3)
British(cid:3)Columbia,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Carol(cid:3)M.(cid:3)Stephenson(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
Ontario,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
David(cid:3)B.(cid:3)Sutcliffe(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
British(cid:3)Columbia,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Ian(cid:3)Sutcliffe(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
Ontario,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
(cid:3)
(cid:3)

265028_Ballard_Cov_r2.indd   2

4/23/14   11:03 PM

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC. 

9000 Glenlyon Parkway 
Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5J 5J8 

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING 

TO OUR SHAREHOLDERS: 

Our  2014  Annual  Meeting  (the  "Meeting")  will  be  held  at  9000  Glenlyon  Parkway,  Burnaby,  British 
Columbia, on Tuesday, June 3, 2014 at 1:00 p.m. (Pacific Daylight Time) for the following purposes: 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

To receive our audited financial statements for the financial year ended December 31, 2013 
and the report of our auditors thereon; 

To elect our directors for the ensuing year; 

To appoint our auditors for the ensuing year and to authorize our Audit Committee to fix the 
remuneration of the auditors; 

To  consider  and,  if  thought  appropriate,  to  approve  a  resolution,  on  an  advisory  basis, 
accepting the Corporation’s approach to executive compensation; and 

To  transact  such  other  business  as  may  properly  be  brought  before  the  Meeting  or  any 
adjournment thereof. 

A  detailed  description  of  the  matters  to  be  dealt  with  at  the  Meeting  and  our  2013  Annual  Report  are 
included with this Notice. 

If you are unable to attend the Meeting in person and wish to ensure that your shares  will be voted at  the 
Meeting, you must complete, date and execute the enclosed form of proxy and deliver it in accordance with 
the  instructions  set  out  in  the  form  of  proxy  and  in  the  Management  Proxy  Circular  accompanying  this 
Notice,  so  that  it  is  received  by  Computershare  Investor  Services  Inc.  no  later  than  1:00  p.m.  (Pacific 
Daylight Time) on Friday, May 30, 2014. 

If you plan to attend the Meeting you must follow the instructions set out in the form of proxy and in the 
Management Proxy Circular to ensure that your shares will be voted at the Meeting. 

DATED at Burnaby, British Columbia, April 11, 2014. 

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD 

"Kerry Hillier" 

Kerry Hillier 
Corporate Secretary 
Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

1 

 
 
 
Letter from IAN A. BOURNE 
Chair of the Board 

Fellow Shareholders:  

I am pleased on behalf of my fellow Directors to report to you regarding Ballard’s progress in 2013.  

We had quite a successful year, as our CEO John Sheridan describes in his letter. 

We welcomed Ian Sutcliffe after you voted him onto the Board at the 2013 Annual General Meeting.  
Our primary activities as a Board during 2013 were to oversee the continuing progress towards becoming a 
commercially successful company.  We reviewed and approved the Company Strategy at the June meeting 
and  dealt  with  a  number  of  strategic  issues,  including  those  related  to  the  financings  that  allowed  us  to 
strengthen the balance sheet.  As we do each year, we reviewed the succession planning for Ballard’s senior 
leadership  team.    We  also  spend  time  at  each  meeting  receiving  Management’s  updates  on  performance 
compared  to  the  annual  operating  plan.    We  were  pleased  that  quarterly  and  annual  performance  was 
consistent  with  our  expectations.    Ballard  is  maturing  into  a  company  focused  on  successful  execution  of 
plans and increasing predictability. 

Your  Board  appreciates  that  there  are  still  risks  in  the  business  and  we  spend  significant  time 
evaluating Management’s  assessments  of  the  risks  and  actions  in  place  or  planned  to  mitigate  them.   John 
and his team have done very well over the last few years on this aspect of managing the Company. 

We announced in February that John Sheridan informed us of his decision to retire as CEO later this 
year.  As a Board, we express our appreciation for the job he has done over the last 8 years.  He has made an 
enormous difference and the benefits of his leadership will be felt for years to come. 

Finally,  I  want  to  recognize  the  continuing  efforts  of  our  dedicated  employees  and  thank  you,  our 

shareholders, for continuing to support Ballard. 

"Ian A. Bourne" 

IAN A. BOURNE 
Chair of the Board of Directors 

2 

 
 
 
  
  
Letter from JOHN W. SHERIDAN 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

2013  was  a  very  successful  year  for  Ballard  in  terms  of  the  top  line,  bottom  line  and  shareholder 
value growth. Your Management Team retained a sharp focus throughout 2013 on Ballard’s strategy to grow 
shareholder  value  in  our  core  business,  with  a  three-level  business  model  built  around:  product  sales; 
engineering services; and IP licensing. We believe that this core business focus provides a strong trajectory 
to positive EBITDA and positive cash flow in the near term.  

Beyond this near term horizon, we are also positioning for broader opportunities to grow shareholder 
value in important development stage markets. These include key development stage business opportunities 
for continuous power, distributed generation and zero emission fuel cell buses and cars. We continue to work 
with partners to position for future value creation in these areas. 

However, in the short term we remain obsessively focused on strong execution in our core business. 

The following provides a brief overview of our progress in 2013 in our core business:  

FUEL CELL PRODUCT SALES  

  Telecom Backup Power sales accelerated in 2013, led by methanol-fuelled ElectraGenTM-
ME systems. For the full year we shipped 796 ElectraGenTM systems, doubling the number 
of  shipments  in  comparison  to  2012,  with  about  80%  of  the  sales  being  methanol-fuelled 
systems.  Methanol-fuelled  systems  deliver  a  very  strong  value  proposition  to  customers  in 
regions  where  hydrogen  fuel  is  relatively  difficult  to  source,  transport  or  store  –  including 
rural  regions  in  Asia  and  South  Africa  –  as  well  as  regions  where  there  is  concern  over 
extreme events that could take the grid down. 

  Material Handling was a relatively modest growth area in 2013, with revenue from fuel cell 
stack  sales  up  5%,  accounting  for  $6.5  million  of  full-year  revenue.  However,  with  our  
customer  Plug  Power  making  significant  progress  in  its  financing  and  order  book,  Plug 
Power is now positioned to drive more meaningful growth in 2014. 

ENGINEERING SERVICES 

  Our anchor Engineering Services contract is with Volkswagen – signed in March 2013.  We 
quickly ramped up to a run rate of $4-to-$5 million per quarter and expect to maintain that 
cadence through the remaining term of the 4-year contract. Engineering Services generated 
$21.1 million in 2013, 24% growth over 2012.  

IP LICENSING 

  Our  first  IP  licensing  contract  enables  local  assembly  of  Ballard  power  modules  for  zero-
emission buses in China, utilizing fuel cell stacks manufactured at our facility in Burnaby, 
Canada.  Signed  in  September  2013,  the  contract  is  expected  to  generate  revenue  of 
approximately $11 million in the first 12-months.   

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
This progress in our core business resulted in a positive trend in top line and bottom line financial 

results throughout the year, as shown in the following quarterly results charts –  

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The associated full year progress in 2013 relative to 2012 was impressive, with:  

  40% growth in revenue, to $61.3 million; 

  10 point improvement in gross margin, to 27%; 

  7% improvement in cash operating costs, to $28.3 million; and  

  63% improvement in Adjusted EBITDA, to ($8.2) million. 

More broadly, as we have executed our corporate strategy over the past several years, revenue and 
gross  margin  are  up  more  than  2-times  over  the  past  two  years,  with  cash  operating  cost  and  Adjusted 
EBITDA each improving more than 50% over the same period.  

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(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:24)(cid:25)(cid:1)

(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:24)(cid:26)(cid:1)

(cid:40)(cid:41)(cid:39)(cid:40)(cid:40)(cid:1)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:33)(cid:16)(cid:24)(cid:32)(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:15)(cid:21)(cid:32)(cid:28)(cid:29)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:29)(cid:1)(cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:32)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:29)(cid:32)(cid:27)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:15)(cid:32)(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:29)(cid:25)(cid:1)(cid:29)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:26)(cid:22)(cid:16)(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:25)(cid:17)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:32)(cid:29)(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:25)(cid:30)(cid:33)(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:23)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:32)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:29)(cid:32)(cid:27)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:28)(cid:32)(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:22)(cid:36)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:18)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:23)(cid:16)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:1)(cid:34)(cid:20)(cid:29)(cid:19)(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:16)(cid:27)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:15)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:16)(cid:27)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:1)
(cid:28)(cid:32)(cid:13)(cid:28)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:27)(cid:36)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:29)(cid:25)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:27)(cid:1)(cid:41)(cid:39)(cid:40)(cid:40)(cid:38)(cid:1)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:28)(cid:29)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:23)(cid:25)(cid:32)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:1)(cid:29)(cid:25)(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:16)(cid:27)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:6)(cid:1)(cid:34)(cid:16)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:29)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:25)(cid:32)(cid:27)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:23)(cid:16)(cid:27)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:29)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:32)(cid:29)(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:25)(cid:30)(cid:33)(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:28)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:16)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:1)(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:15)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:1)(cid:25)(cid:32)(cid:27)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:20)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:32)(cid:16)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:16)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:1)(cid:10)(cid:27)(cid:25)(cid:15)(cid:32)(cid:14)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:1)
(cid:12)(cid:24)(cid:15)(cid:1)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:27)(cid:33)(cid:20)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:28)(cid:1)(cid:28)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:16)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:38)(cid:1)

So, our strategy is working, we have execution momentum, we have strengthened our balance sheet 
and  we  have  grown  shareholder  value.   And  now, with  this  strengthened  positioning  of  our  Company  and 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
having served as your CEO for 8 years, I believe that 2014 is the right time for a CEO transition at Ballard. 
As such, I informed our Board of Directors in February of my decision to retire by the end of this year. This 
yearend retirement plan gives the Board an ideal timeline for a comprehensive search process and a smooth 
leadership transition.   

Looking  back,  it  has  been  a  privilege  to  lead  the  Ballard  Team  over  the  past  8  years.   We  have 

successfully delivered a remarkable transformation of Ballard:  

 

from a Fuel Cell Car R&D organization, burning around $80 million of cash annually 

       … to become … 

  a leading customer focused commercial company, providing clean energy fuel cell products and 

services on a global basis.  

But to be clear, our work is ‘far from done’.  So while the Board Search Committee leads the CEO 
Search Process, it will be ‘business as usual’ for the Management Team; with an obsession on execution in 
the short term, and on strengthening our growth ramp for the medium term.  And in that regard, we continue 
to be very bullish on our growth outlook for 2014 and beyond. 

We expect sales of Telecom Backup Power systems to penetrate more deeply into geographic areas 
in which we have established beachheads – in particular, Southeast Asia, South Africa and the CALA region. 
In addition, leveraging the strength of our channel partners, we plan to enter new geographic markets where 
our value proposition will ‘play’ well. In terms of other commercial fuel  cell products, we  expect sales of 
fuel  cell  stacks  for  Material  Handling  to  grow  at  an  accelerated  rate  in  2014,  given  Plug  Power’s 
announcements  regarding  its  extensive  order  book.  As  well,  we  expect  continued  growth  in  engineering 
services and IP licensing. 

With these exciting opportunities ahead of us, we look forward to reporting our progress as we move 

through 2014. And, I thank you once again for your continued support of Ballard. 

"John Sheridan" 

JOHN SHERIDAN 
President & CEO 

Ballard Power Systems 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sustainability Report

2013

C O MM ERCIA L IZA T IO N  O F  OUR  CLEAN  E N ERGY FUEL
make the biggest positive impact on the environment. Ballard’s vision of a clean energy future is what continues
to drive our passionate employees who are dedicating their careers to providing customers with the positive
economic and environmental benefits that are unique to fuel cell products.

 PRODUCTS  is where Ballard can 

 CELL

Ballard’s  GREEN INITIATIVE  is focused on three pillars:

 Ballard’s 
ElectraGen™-ME 
backup power 
systems

OUR OPER AT I O N S

Reduce, reuse, recycle.

We will
improve the
way we
operate our
business to
minimize
environmental
impact.

OUR  PRODUCTS
We will maximize the 
environmental benefits of 
our fuel cell products
compared to incumbent
technologies.

We share access to information 
about green choices.

PRODUCTS

OPERATIONS

P E O P L E

OUR  PEOPLE
We will promote
participation in
relevant events,
and provide
information about
green choices for
our daily lives.

2013 ACHIEVEMENTS

Received the “Busworld Ecology Award,” 
in partnership with Van Hool of Belgium, 
for demonstrating outstanding ecological 
credentials in fuel cell bus design

Expanded the use of online meeting tools to 
avoid carbon emissions generated through 
travel 

Sourced local suppliers where possible in 
order to reduce the impact of extended 
transportation distances

Continued liaising with our suppliers to
minimize packaging materials

Ensured an active recycling program is in 
place: paper, cardboard, wood, metal, glass, 
drink containers, electronics

OUR PRODUCTS IN ACTION

Extreme air pollution has become a common site in Beijing and other Chinese cities.

China’s rapid economic expansion over the past decade 
has resulted in public concern regarding deteriorating 
levels of air quality.

High levels of air pollution have become commonplace in Beijing and 
other Chinese cities, highlighting the need for the country to start 
deploying clean energy power solutions immediately. Sixteen of the 
world’s twenty most polluted cities are in China. And, in Harbin, a city 
of 11 million people, government officials recently shut down roads,     
schools and the airport when air pollution levels hit 40-times the safe 
limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO).

The opportunities for Ballard fuel cell products to contribute to a low 
carbon economy in China are clear. Financial support from the Chinese 
government is expected to be strong, with fuel cells identified as a 
key future technology. For Ballard, zero emission buses and telecom
backup power systems are examples of significant opportunities to 
provide environmental benefits: 

•    In   2013  Ballard signed a licensing  agreement  with a local  system
integration partner in China, to support the introduction of clean 

    energy fuel cell buses. There is a large potential market
    opportunity for the deployment of clean energy fuel cell bus 
fleets in a country that deployed 75,000 new buses in 2012
    alone. Ballard can therefore have a direct positive impact on
the severe air quality problem in major Chinese cities.  

•

direct

ElectraGen™-H2
systems were put into trials by China Mobile, as a replacement 
for toxic lead acid batteries at base station sites throughout

hydrogen

telecom

backup

power

    Mainland China. And, China is the largest mobile

telecommunications market in the world, so this is an early-stage 
activity that could have significant long-term implications.

With the severe air quality problems in major Chinese cities, and 
China’s vast economic capabilities, the country presents a natural 
market opportunity for deployment of clean energy fuel cell technology. 
Through these initial market opportunities, Ballard has been witness to 
a renewed commitment for clean energy solutions to China’s pressing 
environmental challenges. 

 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
EMPLOYEE AWARDS OF EXCELLENCE FOR 2013 

“Above and Beyond” Winners 

CUSTOMER SUCCESS AWARD: 
NSN/SOFTBANK SYSTEM DEPLOY MENTS 










David Whyte 
Dario Garin 
Doug Bell 
Eugenio Oracanza 
Nicolas Pocard 
Tony Cochrane 
Alan Mace 
The Assembly Team in Tijuana 

TECHNOLOGY & PRODUCT INNOVATION AWARD: 
IMPROVED CELL REVERSAL TOLERANCE 









Ping He 
Rajesh Bashyam 
Kyoung Bai 
Shanna Knights 
Duarte Sousa 
Jingping Gao 
Paul Beattie 

QUALITY AWARD: 
EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION PROCESS EXCELLENCE 



Ke Ji 

BALLARD SPIRIT AWARD:  
INNOVATION & INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY  DEVELOPMENT  



Shanna Knights 

MANAGEMENT PROXY CIRCULAR 
dated as of April 11, 2014 

MATTERS TO BE VOTED UPON 

Registered Shareholders or their duly appointed proxyholders will be voting on: 

 

 

the election of directors to our Board;  

the  re-appointment  of  our  auditors  and  authorization  for  our  Audit  Committee  to  fix  the 
remuneration of the auditors;  

  on an advisory basis, the Corporation’s approach to executive compensation; and 

 

to transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. 

As  of  the  date  of  this  Management  Proxy  Circular,  we  know  of  no  amendment,  variation  or  other 
matter that may come before the Meeting other than the matters referred to in the Notice of Annual Meeting.  
If  any  other  matter  is  properly  brought  before  the  Meeting,  it  is  the  intention  of  the  persons  named  in  the 
enclosed proxy to vote the proxy on that matter in accordance with their best judgment.  

With respect to resolutions to be voted on at the Meeting a simple majority of the votes (greater than 

50%) cast in favour by Registered Shareholders, by proxy or in person, will constitute approval. 

VOTING INFORMATION 

SOLICITATION OF PROXIES 

This Management Proxy Circular is furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by our 
management  in  connection  with  the  Meeting  to  be  held  on  Tuesday,  June  3,  2014  at  1:00  p.m.  Pacific 
Daylight Time in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, or the date and place of any adjournment thereof.  We 
are  soliciting  proxies  primarily  by  mail,  but  our  directors,  officers  and  employees  may  solicit  proxies 
personally,  by  telephone,  by  facsimile  transmission  or  by  other  means  of  electronic  communication.    The 
cost of the solicitation will be borne by us.  The approximate date on which this Management Proxy Circular 
and the related materials are first being sent to Registered Shareholders is April 28, 2014. 

HOW TO VOTE 

Only  Registered  Shareholders  or  their  duly  appointed  proxyholders  are  permitted  to  vote  at  the 
Meeting.  Beneficial Shareholders are not permitted to vote at the Meeting as only proxies from Registered 
Shareholders can be recognized and voted at the Meeting.  You may vote as follows: 

Registered Shareholders:  If  you  are  a  Registered  Shareholder  you  may  vote  by  attending  the 
Meeting  in  person,  or  if  you  do  not  plan  to  attend  the  Meeting,  by  completing  the  proxy  and  delivering  it 
according to the instructions contained in the form of proxy and this Management Proxy Circular. 

Beneficial Shareholders:    If  you  are  a  Beneficial  Shareholder  you  may  only  vote  by  carefully 
following the instructions on the voting instruction form or proxy form provided to you by your stockbroker 
or  financial  intermediary.    If  you  do  not  follow  the  special  procedures  described  by  your  stockbroker  or 
financial intermediary, you will not be entitled to vote. 

EXECUTION AND REVOCATION OF PROXIES 

A Registered Shareholder or the Registered Shareholder’s attorney authorized in writing or, where 
the Registered Shareholder is a company, a duly authorized officer or attorney of that company, must execute 
the  proxy.    In  order  to  be  effective,  completed  proxies  must  be  deposited  at  the  office  of  the  registrar  and 
transfer agent for the Shares, being Computershare Investor Services Inc. ("Computershare"), Proxy Dept., 
100 University Avenue, 9th Floor, Toronto Ontario, M5J 2Y1 (Fax: within North America: 1-866-249-7775; 
outside North America: 1-416-263-9524), not less than 48 hours (excluding Saturdays and holidays) before 
the  time  of  the  Meeting.  The  individuals  named  as  proxyholders  in  the  accompanying  form  of  proxy  are 

8 

 
directors  and  officers  of  Ballard.  A  Registered  Shareholder  desiring  to  appoint  a  person  or  company 
(who  need  not  be  a  shareholder)  to  represent  him  or  her  at  the  Meeting,  other  than  the  persons  or 
companies  named  in  the  enclosed  proxy,  may  do  so  by  inserting  the  name  of  such  other  person  or 
company in the blank space provided in the proxy. 

A proxy may be revoked by written notice executed by the Registered Shareholder or by his or her 
attorney  authorized  in  writing  or,  where  the  Registered  Shareholder  is  a  company,  by  a  duly  authorized 
officer or attorney of that company, and delivered to: 

  Computershare, at the address or fax number set out above, at any time up to and including the last 

business day preceding the day of the Meeting; 

 

 

the  registered  office  of  the  Corporation  at  any  time  up  to  and  including  the  last  business  day 
preceding the day of the Meeting; or 

the chair of the Meeting on the day of the Meeting  and before any vote in respect of which the 
proxy is to be used is taken.  

A proxy may also be revoked in any other manner provided by law.  Any revocation of a proxy will 

not affect a matter on which a vote is taken before such revocation. 

VOTING OF SHARES AND EXERCISE OF DISCRETION BY PROXIES 

If you complete and deposit your proxy properly, then the proxyholder named in the accompanying 
form of proxy will vote or withhold from voting the Shares represented by the proxy in accordance with your 
instructions.  If you do not specify a choice on any given matter to be voted upon, your Shares will be 
voted  in  favour  of  such  matter.    The  proxy  grants  the  proxyholder  the  discretion  to  vote  on 
amendments to or variations of matters identified in the Notice of Annual Meeting and with respect to 
other matters that may properly come before the Meeting. 

VOTING SHARES AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS 

As of the Record Date of April 11, 2014, we had 126,563,503 Shares issued and outstanding, each 
carrying  the  right  to  one  vote.    On  a  show  of  hands,  every  individual  who  is  present  as  a  Registered 
Shareholder  or  as  a  representative  of  one  or  more  corporate  Registered  Shareholders,  or  who  is  holding  a 
proxy on behalf of a Registered Shareholder who is not present at the Meeting, will have one vote, and on a 
poll,  every  Registered  Shareholder  present  in  person  or  represented  by  proxy  and  every  person  who  is  a 
representative of one or more corporate Registered Shareholders, will have one vote for each Share recorded 
in the Registered Shareholder’s name on the register of shareholders, which is available for inspection during 
normal business hours at Computershare and will be available at the Meeting. 

As  of  the  Record  Date,  to  the  knowledge  of  our  directors  and  executive  officers,  no  person 
beneficially  owns,  controls  or  directs,  directly  or  indirectly,  Shares  carrying  more  than  10%  of  the  voting 
rights attached to all issued and outstanding Shares carrying the right to vote in all circumstances.  

INTEREST OF CERTAIN PERSONS OR COMPANIES IN MATTERS TO BE ACTED UPON 

No  one  who  has  been  a  director,  director  nominee  or  executive  officer  of  ours  at  any  time  since 
January 1, 2013, or any of his or her associates or affiliates, has any material interest, direct or indirect, by 
way of beneficial ownership of Shares or otherwise, in any matter to be acted on at the Meeting other than 
the election of directors.  

9 

 
 
 
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS 

At  the  Meeting  you  will  be  asked  to  elect  seven  directors.    All  of  our  nominees  are  currently 
members of the Board.  Each elected director will hold office until the end of our next annual shareholders’ 
meeting  (or  if  no  director  is  then  elected,  until  a  successor  is  elected)  unless  the  director  resigns  or  is 
otherwise removed from office earlier. If any nominee for election as a director advises us that he or she is 
unable to serve as a director, the persons named in the enclosed proxy will vote to elect a substitute director 
at their discretion.  

The  following  information  pertains  to  our  nominees  for  election  as  directors  at  the  Meeting,  as  of 
April  11,  2014.    The  number  of  Shares  shown  as  being  held  by  each  nominee  constitute  the  number 
beneficially owned, or controlled or directed, directly or indirectly, by that nominee and such information has 
been provided to us by that nominee. 

Mr. Bourne’s principal occupation is corporate director, and he has been the Chair of the Board of Ballard since May 2006.  Mr.
Bourne was also our lead director from October 2005 to February 2006.Mr. Bourne was interim CEO of SNC-Lavalin Group Inc. 
from  March  27,  2012  to  October  1,  2012.    Previously,  Mr.  Bourne  was  the  Executive  Vice  President  and  the  Chief  Financial 
Officer of TransAlta Corporation (electricity generation and marketing) from January 1998 to December 2006 and from January 
1998 to December 2005, respectively.  He has completed the Directors Education Program of the Institute of Corporate Directors 
and has received his ICD.D designation.  Mr. Bourne was recognized as a Fellow of the ICD in 2011. 

Board and Committee 
Membership(1)

Current:  
Board (Chair) 
Audit
Corporate Governance & Compensation

Former: 
Corporate Governance 
Human Resources & Compensation

Ian A. Bourne 

Age: 66 

Alberta, Canada 

Director since: 2003 
Independent

Attendance 

Board Memberships

7
5
2

2
2

100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 

Current: SNC-Lavalin Group Inc.; Canadian Public 
Accountability Board; Wajax Corporation; Canada 
Pension Plan Investment Board; Canadian Oil Sands 
Limited 
Previous: TransAlta Power LP; TransAltaCoGen LP; 
Glenbow Museum; Calgary Philharmonic Orchestra; The 
Calgary Foundation 

Securities Held(2)

Year 

2014

2013 

Shares 

DSUs 

Total of Shares and DSUs 

26,824 

186,374 

26,824 

153,019 

213,198 

179,843 

Total Value of Shares and 
DSUs (C$)(3)

$918,883 

$172,649 

Mr. Hayhurst’s principal occupation is corporate director.  Previously, Mr. Hayhurstwas an executive with IBM Canada Business 
Consulting  Services(consulting  services)and  a  partner  with  PricewaterhouseCoopers  Management  Consultants  (consulting 
services).    Prior  to  that,  Mr.  Hayhurst  held  various  senior  executive  management  roles  with  Pricewaterhouse  including  National 
Deputy Managing Partner (Toronto) and Managing Partner for British Columbia (Vancouver).  Mr. Hayhurst received a Fellowship 
(FCA) from the Institutes of Chartered Accountants of British Columbia and of Ontario.  He has completed the Directors Education
Program of the Institute of Corporate Directors and has received his ICD.D designation. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Current:  
Board
Audit

Former:  
Corporate Governance 
Human Resources & Compensation 

Douglas P. Hayhurst 

Age: 67 

B.C., Canada 

Director since: 2012 
Independent

Attendance(4)

Board Memberships 

7
4

2
1

100% 
80% 

100% 
50% 

Current: Accend Capital Corporation; Canexus 
Corporation; The Layfield Group Limited; Nature 
Conservancy of Canada; Canadian Institute of Chartered 
Accountants Risk Oversight and Governance Board 
Previous: Catalyst Paper Corporation(5); Northgate 
Minerals Corporation 

Securities Held(2)

Year 

2014

2013 

Shares 

DSUs 

Total of Shares and DSUs 

5,000

- 

71,816 

43,036 

76,816

43,036 

Total Value of Shares and  
DSUs (C$) (3)

$331,077 

$41,315

10

 
 
 
Mr. Kilroy’s principal occupation is corporate director.  Mr. Kilroy has been the Chief Executive Officer of MedAvail 
Technologies Inc. (medication dispensing equipment and services) since November 2012.  Previously, Mr. Kilroy was the Chief 
Executive Officer of Symcor Inc. (business process outsourcing services), from January 2005 to November 2010.  Prior to that, Mr. 
Kilroy was the Chief Executive Officer of IBM Canada Ltd. (information technology) from April 2001 to January 2005. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Attendance 

Board Memberships 

Current:  
Board
Audit (Chair) 

Former:  
Corporate Governance 

7
5

2 

100% 
100% 

100% 

Current::MedAvail Technologies Inc. 
Previous: Symcor Inc.; The Conference Board of Canada 

Securities Held(2)

Year 

2014

2013 

Shares 

DSUs 

Total of Shares and DSUs 

2,752

2,752 

120,464

96,639 

123,216

99,391 

Total Value of Shares and  
DSUs (C$) (3)

$531,061 

$95,415 

Mr. Sheridan is President and Chief Executive Officer of Ballard, a position he has held since February 2006.  Mr. Sheridan was
also Chair of our Board from June 2004 to February 2006. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Board

Attendance 

7 

100% 

Board Memberships 

Current: Dantherm Power; Canadian Hydrogen Fuel Cells 
Association; Midway Gold Corporation 
Previous: Aliant Inc.; Bell Canada, Bell Actimedia, Bell 
Distribution, Bell Express Vu, Bell Mobility, Bell West, 
Bell Sygma UK Ltd; Encom Cable TV & 
Telecommunications, plc; Manitoba Telecom Services 
Inc.; MTS Communications Inc.; Photowatt 
Technologies; Sun Media Corp. Ltd.; NewPage 
Corporation(5); BC Hydrogen Highway; AFCC 

Securities Held(2)

Year 

2014

2013 

Shares 

DSUs 

Total of Shares and DSUs 

409,527

154,280

524,522 

57,943 

563,807

582,465 

Total Value of Shares and 
DSUs (C$) (3)

$2,430,008 

$559,166 

Ms. Stephenson’s principal occupation is corporate director.  Previously, she was the Dean of the Richard Ivey School of Business 
at the University of Western Ontario from 2003 until 2013. Prior to that, she served as President and Chief Executive Officer of
Lucent Technologies Canada from 1999 to 2003.  Ms. Stephenson was invested as an Officer into the Order of Canada in 2010. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Current:  
Board
Corporate Governance & Compensation 
(Chair) 

Former:  
Corporate Governance (Chair) 
Human Resources & Compensation 

Attendance 

Board Memberships 

7
2

2
2

100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 

Current: General Motors Company; Intact Financial 
Services Corporation (formerly ING Canada); Manitoba 
Telecom Services Inc.; Vancouver Olympic Games 
Organizing Committee (VANOC); Women on Boards; 
Catalyst Advisory Board  
Previous: Union Energy Waterheater Income Fund; 
London Economic Development Corporation; Ontario 
Research Fund Advisory Board  

Securities Held(2)

Year 

2014 

2013 

Shares 

DSUs 

Total of Shares and DSUs 

3,550 

3,550 

83,693

50,149 

87,243

53,699 

Total Value of Shares and  
DSUs (C$) (3)

$376,017 

$51,551 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

Age: 54 

Ontario, Canada 

Director since: 2002 
Independent

John W. Sheridan 

Age: 59 

B.C., Canada 

Director since: 2001 

Non-Independent 

Carol M. Stephenson 

Age: 63 

Ontario, Canada 

Director since: 2012
Independent

11

 
 
 
 
Mr.  Sutcliffe’s  principal  occupation  is  corporate  director.    Previously,  Mr.  Sutcliffe  was  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Sierra
Wireless, Inc. (electrical and electronic industrial products) from May 1995 to October 2005.  From May 2001 to April 2005, he 
was  also  the  Chair  of  the  Board  of  Sierra  Wireless,  Inc.    He  has  completed  the  Directors  Education  Program  of  the  Institute  of 
Corporate Directors and has received his ICD.D designation. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Current:  
Board
Audit
Corporate Governance & Compensation 

Former:  
Human Resources & Compensation 
(Chair) 

Attendance 

Board Memberships 

Current:BC Social Ventures Partners 
Previous: Sierra Wireless, Inc.; E-Comm 911; SMART 
Technologies Inc. 

7
5
2

2 

100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 

Securities Held(2)

Year 

2014

2013 

Shares 

DSUs 

Total of Shares and DSUs 

3,600

3,600 

99,698

79,322 

103,298

82,922 

Total Value of Shares and 
DSUs (C$) (3)

$445,214 

$79,605 

Mr. Sutcliffe’s principal occupation is corporate director.  Mr. Sutcliffe has been a partner at Sutcliffe & Associates Management 
Consultants (management consulting services) since June 1985.  Previously,  Mr. Sutcliffe  was co-CEO of PHeMI, Inc.  (medical 
software and IT infrastructure) form July 2010 to November 2012; CEO, Chairman and independent director of BluePoint Data (IT 
services) from Sept 2001 to June 2011; and Vice Chair and CEO of BCS Global (video conferencing services) from January 2003 
to March 2004. Mr. Sutcliffe was President of Mediconsult.com (public internet health services) from June 1995 to June 1999 and 
President  and  CEO  from  1999  to  2001.  Prior  to  that,  Mr.  Sutcliffe  was  with  Coopers  &  Lybrand  (chartered  accounting  and 
consultancy firm) in Vancouver and London, England from June 1979 to June 1985. 

Board and Committee 
Membership 

Attendance(6)

Board Memberships 

Board
Audit
Corporate Governance & Compensation 

5
3
2

100% 
100% 
100% 

Current: Vita Nova Foundation; Restore Canada 
Foundation 
Previous: BluePoint Data Inc.(4)

Securities Held(2)

Year 

2014 

2013 

Shares 

DSUs 

Total of Shares and DSUs 

10,000 

13,797 

10,000 

- 

23,797 

10,000 

Total Value of Shares and 
DSUs (C$) (3)

$102,565 

$9,600 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Age: 54 

B.C., Canada 

Director since: 2005 

Independent

Ian Sutcliffe 

Age: 61 

Ontario, Canada 

 Director since: 2013 

Independent

(1)  Mr. Bourne is an ex officio member of each of the committees. 
(2)  As of April 11, 2014 and April 10, 2013, respectively. 
(3)  Based on a C$4.31 and C$0.96 closing Share price on the TSX as of April 11, 2014 and April 10, 2013, respectively.   
(4)  Mr. Hayhurst attended a total of 14 board and committee meetings in 2014 for an overall attendance rate of 87.5%. 
(5)  Canadian securities legislation requires disclosure of any company that becomes insolvent while a director is a member of its board, or within 
one year from ceasing to act as a director. In this regard, Mr. Hayhurst was a director of Catalyst Paper Corporation, which sought an Initial 
Order under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act on January 31, 2012.  NewPage Corporation filed for Chapter 11 protection in U.S. 
Bankruptcy Court in September 2011, 9 months after Mr. Sheridan resigned as a director of the company.  Mr. Ian Sutcliffe was a director of 
BluePoint Data Inc. on May 12, 2012 when the British Columbia Securities Commission issued a cease trade order against it for failure to file its 
financial statements and management’s discussion and analysis related thereto for the year ended December 31, 2011. Mr. Sutcliffe resigned as a 
director on June 27, 2012, subsequent to which BluePoint sold its business and distributed the proceeds to its shareholders. 

(6)  Mr. Sutcliffe was elected to the board on June 3, 2013 and has attended all board and committee meetings from that date. 

APPOINTMENT OF AUDITORS 

Our Audit Committee has recommended that KPMG LLP, Chartered Accountants, of 777 Dunsmuir 
Street,  Vancouver,  British  Columbia,  be  nominated  at  the  Meeting  for  re-appointment  as  our  external 
auditors.  Our Audit Committee will fix the remuneration of our external auditors if authorized to do so by 
shareholders at the Meeting.  It is expected that representatives of KPMG LLP will be present at the Meeting.  
KPMG LLP were appointed as our external auditors in 1999. Total fees paid to KPMG in 2013 and 2012 are 
set forth in the table below. We comply with the requirement regarding the rotation of our audit engagement 

12

 
 
partner every five years.  The current audit engagement partner at KPMG LLP may continue in his role until 
the end of 2016. 

The following table shows the fees we incurred with KPMG LLP in 2013 and 2012: 

Type of Audit Fees 

Audit Fees 

Audit-Related Fees 

Tax Fees(1) 

All Other Fees 

2013 
(C$) 

$447,170 

Nil 

Nil 

Nil 

2012 
(C$) 

$447,340 

Nil 

$3,374 

Nil 

(1) 

The Tax Fees for 2012 related to tax advisory and transfer pricing services. 

For  a  more  detailed  description  of  the  Audit  Committee  or  to  see  the  Audit  Committee’s  mandate,  a 
copy of which is posted on our website, see the section entitled "Audit Committee Matters" in our Annual 
Information Form dated February 26, 2014, which section is incorporated by reference into this Management 
Proxy Circular. 

ADVISORY VOTE ON APPROACH TO EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

The  Corporate  Governance  &  Compensation  Committee  ("CGCC")  monitors  developments  and 
trends relating to say-on-pay in Canada and elsewhere.  In the United States, the SEC has established say-on-
pay  advisory  shareholder  vote  requirements.    Although  the  Corporation’s  shares  are  traded  on  NASDAQ, 
Ballard  is  a  “foreign  private  issuer”  with  the  SEC  and  accordingly  these  requirements  do  not  apply  to  it.  
Say-on-pay  shareholder  votes  have  been  implemented  by  a  number  of  larger  issuers  in  Canada,  but  such 
votes are still not mandated in Canada to date.  At the request of the Board, our shareholders have passed 
resolutions on an advisory basis accepting the Corporation’s approach to executive compensation since 2011. 

The CGCC recommended to the Board that Ballard shareholders again be provided the opportunity, 
on  an  advisory  basis,  to  vote  at  the  Meeting  in  respect  of  the  Corporation’s  approach  to  executive 
compensation.    The  CGCC  also  recommended  that  adoption  of  a  formal  say-on-pay  policy  by  the  Board 
should  continue  to  be  deferred  until  Canadian  regulatory  requirements  applicable  to  the  Corporation  are 
known.   

Accordingly,  the  shareholders  of  the  Corporation  are  being  given  the  opportunity  to  vote  at  this 
Meeting,  on  an  advisory  and  non-binding  basis,  “FOR”  or  “AGAINST”  the  Corporation’s  approach  to 
executive compensation through the following resolution: 

“RESOLVED, on an advisory basis and not to diminish the role and responsibilities of the Board of 
Directors  of  the  Corporation,  that  the  shareholders  accept  the  approach  to  executive  compensation 
disclosed  in  the  Corporation’s  management  information  circular  delivered  in  advance  of  the 
Corporation’s 2014 annual meeting of shareholders.” 

The  Board  believes  that  shareholders  should  be  well  informed  about  and  fully  understand  the 
objectives,  philosophy  and  principles  that  it  has  used  to  make  executive  compensation  decisions.    For 
information regarding Ballard’s approach to executive compensation, shareholders should review the section 
entitled  "Executive  Compensation  –  Compensation  Discussion  and  Analysis"  appearing  below  in  this 
Management Information Circular. 

Approval of the above resolution will require an affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast on 
the matter at the Meeting.  As the vote on this resolution is advisory, the results will not be binding on the 
Board  or  the  CGCC.    However,  the  Board  and  the  CGCC  will  take  the  results  of  the  advisory  vote  into 
account, as appropriate, as part of their ongoing review of executive compensation philosophy, policies and 
programs.   

13

 
 
The  Board  recommends  that  shareholders  vote  “FOR”  the  foregoing  resolutions.    The 
representatives of management named in the enclosed form of proxy, if named as proxyholders, intend 
to  vote  for  the  resolution,  unless  the  shareholder  has  specified  in  the  form  of  proxy  that  his  or  her 
shares are to be voted against the resolution. 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

Our Board and senior management consider good corporate governance to be central to our effective 
and  efficient  operation.    We  monitor  corporate  governance  initiatives  as  they  develop  and  benchmark 
industry practices to ensure that we are in compliance with corporate governance rules. 

Our  corporate  governance  practices  are  reflected  in  our  Corporate  Governance  Guidelines,  which 
provide  for  director  qualification  standards,  director  responsibilities,  the  form  and  amount  of  director 
compensation,  director  orientation  and  continuing  education,  management  succession  planning  and 
performance evaluation of the Board.  A copy of the Corporate Governance Guidelines can be found on our 
website.  We have also reviewed our internal control and disclosure procedures, and are satisfied that they 
are  sufficient  to  enable  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  to  certify our  interim  and 
annual  reports  filed  with  Canadian  securities  regulatory  authorities,  and  to  certify  our  annual  reports  filed 
with or submitted to the SEC. 

In addition, we have set up a process for shareholders to communicate to the Board, the details of 
which can be found on our website.  A summary of shareholder feedback is provided to the Board through a 
semi-annual report. 

We  believe  that  we  comply  with  all  applicable  Canadian  securities  administrators  (“CSA”)  and 
NASDAQ corporate governance rules and guidelines.  The CSA requires that listed corporations subject to 
National  Instrument  58-101  -  Disclosure  of  Corporate  Governance  Practices  ("NI  58-101")  disclose  their 
policies respecting corporate governance.  We comply with NI 58-101, which addresses matters such as the 
constitution  and  independence  of  corporate  boards,  the  functions  to  be  performed  by  boards  and  their 
committees,  and  the  effectiveness  and  education  of  board  members.    We  are  exempt  from  the  NASDAQ 
corporate governance rule requiring that each NASDAQ quoted company has in place a minimum quorum 
requirement for shareholder meetings of 33 1/3% of the outstanding shares of the company’s voting common 
stock.    Our  by-laws  currently  provide  that  a  quorum  is  met  if  holders  of  at  least  five  percent  of  the  votes 
eligible to be cast at a shareholders’ meeting are present or represented by proxy at the meeting. 

BOARD COMPOSITION AND NOMINATION PROCESS 

All  of  our  directors  are  independent  except  for  John  Sheridan,  our  President  and  Chief  Executive 
Officer.    "Independence"  is  judged  in accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  United  States  Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act of 2002 ("Sarbanes-Oxley"), and as determined by the CSA and the NASDAQ.  We conduct an annual 
review of the other corporate boards on which our directors sit, and have determined that currently there are 
no  board  interlocks  with  respect  to  our  directors.    The  Board  has  also  established  a  guideline  for  the 
maximum  number  of  corporate  boards  on  which  a  director  should  sit.    This  guideline  has  been  set  at  five 
corporate boards (not including non-profit boards). 

Our Corporate Governance& Compensation Committee conducts an annual process under which an 
assessment is made of the skills, expertise and competencies of the directors and is compared to our needs 
and  the  needs  of  the  Board.    This  process  culminates  in  a  recommendation  to  the  Board  of  individual 
nominee directors for election at our annual shareholders’ meeting. 

The following table identifies some of the current skills and other factors considered as part of the 
competency matrix developed by the CGCC. Each director was asked to indicate the top three competencies 
which he/she believes they possess. 

14

 
 
President/CEO 
Experience 

Strategy 

Sales/ 
Marketing 

Finance/ 
Accounting 

Product 
Development 

Corporate 
Governance 

Early Stage 
Business 
Commercialization 

Ian A. Bourne 

Douglas P. 
Hayhurst 

Edwin J. 
Kilroy 

John W. 
Sheridan 

Carol M. 
Stephenson 

David B. 
Sutcliffe 

Ian Sutcliffe 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

3 

2 

3 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

2 

Directors  are  elected  yearly  at  our  annual  shareholders’  meeting  and  serve  on  the  Board  until  the 
following annual shareholders’ meeting, at which time they either stand for re-election or leave the Board.  If 
no meeting is held, each director serves until his or her successor is elected or appointed, unless the director 
resigns  earlier.  The  Board  has  established  director  resignation  guidelines,  which  set  out  the  circumstances 
under which a director would be compelled to submit a resignation or be asked to resign. 

MAJORITY VOTING POLICY 

The Board established director resignation guidelines, which set out the circumstances under which a 
director would be compelled to offer a resignation or be asked to resign, including a majority voting policy.  
This policy requires that any nominee for director who receives a greater number of votes "withheld" than 
"for" his or her election shall tender his or her resignation to the Board following our annual shareholders’ 
meeting,  to  take  effect  immediately  upon  acceptance  by  the  Board.    Upon  receipt  of  such  conditional 
resignation, the CGCC will consider the matter and, as soon as possible, make a recommendation to the full 
Board regarding whether or not such resignation should be accepted. After considering the recommendation 
of the CGCC, the Board will decide whether or not to accept the tendered resignation and will, not later than 
90  days  after  the  annual  shareholders’  meeting,  issue  a  press  release  which  either  confirms  that  it  has 
accepted  the  resignation  or  provides  an  explanation  for  why  it  has  refused  to  accept  the  resignation.    The 
director  tendering  his  or  her  resignation  will  not  participate  in  any  meeting  of  the  Board  or  the  CGCC  at 
which  the  resignation  is  considered.  Subject  to  any  restrictions  or  requirements  contained  in  applicable 
corporate law or Ballard’s constating documents, the Board may: (a) leave a resulting vacancy unfilled until 
the next annual shareholders’ meeting; (b) appoint a replacement director whom the Board considers merits 
the  confidence  of  the  shareholders;  or  (c)  call  a  special  meeting  of  shareholders  to  elect  a  replacement 
director  who  may  be  a  person  nominated  by  management.  The  policy  does  not  apply  in  respect  of  any 
contested  shareholders’  meeting,  which  is  any  meeting  of  shareholders  where  the  number  of  nominees  for 
director is greater than the number of directors to be elected.  

DIRECTOR SHARE OWNERSHIP GUIDELINES 

We  have  minimum  share  ownership  guidelines  that  apply  to  our  independent  directors.    The 

guidelines were revised by the Board effective September 21, 2011. 

All independent directors must hold the number of Ballard common shares having a value equivalent 
to three times the director’s annual retainer.  Directors may apply DSUs they have received as payment for 
all or part of their annual retainer towards the minimum share ownership requirements. 

The value of shares held by directors will be measured on or about September 1st of each year based 
on the purchase price actually paid by the director for such shares, or the value of DSUs or shares received 
by the director when issued to him or her by the Corporation, as applicable. 

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors that were members of the Board at the time the guidelines were adopted in September 2011 
have until September 2013 to comply with this requirement.  Directors elected subsequently have five years 
from the date that they are first elected to the Board to comply.  The Chair of the Board has five years from 
his original appointment as Chair in February 2006 to satisfy the minimum share ownership requirements for 
the  Chair.    Any  director  who  fails  to  comply  with  the  share  ownership  requirement  may  not  stand  for  re-
election.  Currently, all directors have met or are on track to achieve these guidelines. 

BOARD MEETINGS 

The Board meets on a regularly scheduled basis and directors are kept informed of our operations at 
meetings  of  the  Board  and  its  committees,  and  through  reports  by  and  discussions  with  management.    In 
2013, in-camera sessions, chaired by the Chair of the Board, were held after each regularly scheduled Board 
meeting  involving  all  of  the  independent  directors  without  the  presence  of  management.    In  addition, 
communications  between  the  directors  and  management  occur  apart  from  regularly  scheduled  Board  and 
committee meetings.  The Board has set a minimum meeting attendance guideline of 70%.  Non-compliance 
with  this  guideline  by  a  director  is  one  of  the  factors  considered  in  his  or  her  individual  performance 
evaluation at the end of the year. 

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 

The  Board  operates  under  a  formal  mandate  (a  copy  of  which  is  attached  as  Appendix  "A"  and  is 
posted  on  our  website),  which  sets  out  its  duties  and  responsibilities,  including  matters  such  as  corporate 
strategy, fiscal  management and reporting, selection of  management, legal and regulatory compliance, risk 
management, external communications and performance evaluation.  The Board has also established terms of 
reference and corporate governance guidelines for individual directors (copies of which are also posted on 
our website), which set out the directors’ individual responsibilities and duties.  Terms of reference are also 
established  for  the  Board  chair  and  the  CEO.    These  terms  of  reference  and  guidelines  serve  as  a  code  of 
conduct with which each director is expected to comply, and address matters such as conflicts of interest, the 
duties  and  standard  of  care  of  directors,  the  level  of  availability  expected  of  directors,  requirements  for 
maximizing the effectiveness of Board and committee meetings, and considerations that directors are to keep 
in mind in order to make effective and informed decisions. 

In addition, we have a Board-approved "Code of Ethics", which applies to all members of the Board, 
as  well  as  our  officers  and  employees.    A  copy  of  the  Code  of  Ethics  can  be  found  on  our  website.    This 
document  is  reviewed  annually  and  updated  or  revised  as  necessary.    Annually,  all  employees  in  Sales  & 
Marketing,  Finance  &  Administration,  Supply  Chain,  Customer  Service  and  Quality,  and  all  management 
employees and officers, are required to formally acknowledge they have read, reviewed and comply with the 
Code of Ethics.  A compliance report is then presented to the Audit Committee and Board.  

The Chair of the Board is responsible for ensuring the appropriate organization, content and flow of 
information to the Board and that all concerns of the directors are addressed.  The Chair of the Board reviews 
and sets the agenda for each Board meeting.  The Chair of the Board is also responsible for organizing and 
setting  the  frequency  of  Board  meetings  and  ensuring  that  Board  meetings  are  conducted  efficiently.    The 
Chair of the Board is an independent director. 

Each year, the Board identifies a list of focus priorities for the Board during the year.  The CGCC 

regularly monitors the Board’s progress against these priorities throughout the year. 

BOARD ORIENTATION AND EDUCATION 

We have established a formal director orientation and ongoing education program.  Upon joining our 
Board, each director receives an orientation regarding our business.  Such orientation consists of site visits to 
all  of  our  manufacturing  facilities,  presentations  regarding  our  business,  technology  and  products,  and  a 
manual that contains various reference documents and information.  Continuing education is offered by way 
of  ongoing  circulation  of  informative  materials  aimed  at  topical  subject  matters  and  management 
presentations at Board meetings, as well as guest speakers who are invited to speak to our Board on various 
topics.    In  the  past,  we  have  invited  guest  speakers  to  speak  to  our  Board  about  the  fuel  cell  industry, 

16

 
 
regulation,  corporate  governance  and 

internal  management 
government 
representatives  to  speak  about  various  issues  relating  to  our  technology  and  business.    The  educational 
presentations that are made by internal management provide an opportunity for Board members to meet and 
interact with members of our management team. 

risk  management,  and 

SHAREHOLDER FEEDBACK AND COMMUNICATION 

We have set up an e-mail process for shareholders to communicate with the Board, through the Chair 
of the Board.  Shareholders who wish to send a message to the Chair of the Board can find the details of this 
process on our website.  In addition, a summary of shareholder feedback that is received by us is provided to 
the Board through a semi-annual report. 

BOARD AND DIRECTOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONS 

Each year, the Board conducts an evaluation and review of its performance during the past year. The 
evaluation  is  conducted  through  a  process  determined  from  time  to  time  by  the  CGCC  which  elicits 
responses from individual directors on a confidential basis regarding the Board and individual directors. The 
process may include the completion of a questionnaire by all of the directors as well as individual director 
self-evaluations and peer evaluations. The CGCC presents the summary results to the full Board, which then, 
based on the results of the evaluation, determines appropriate changes to improve Board effectiveness. 

COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD 

The Board has established two standing committees effective July 1, 2013: (1) the Audit Committee; 
and (2) the Corporate Governance & Compensation Committee (“CGCC”).  The CGCC was established to 
assume  the  duties  and  responsibilities  of  the  former  Human  Resources  &  Compensation  Committee 
(“HRCC”) and Corporate Governance Committee, both of which were dissolved. 

Each committee has been delegated certain responsibilities, performs certain advisory functions and 
either makes certain decisions or makes recommendations to the Board.  Each committee chair reports on the 
activities of the committee to the Board following each committee meeting.  None of the members of these 
committees are current or former officers or employees of ours, or any of our subsidiaries. 

In addition to the standing committees of the Board, an ad hoc committee, the Financing Advisory 
Committee,  was  established  in  2012  to  consider  and  advise  management  on  potential  financing-related 
transactions.

The following chart sets out current members of our standing committees: 

Ian A. Bourne 

Douglas P. Hayhurst 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

John W. Sheridan 

Carol M. Stephenson 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Ian Sutcliffe 

Audit Committee 

*

(cid:57)

(cid:57) (Chair) 

**

(cid:57)

(cid:57)

Corporate Governance & 
Compensation 
Committee 

*

**

(cid:57) (Chair) 

(cid:57)

(cid:57)

* Chair of the Board and designated financial expert.  Mr. Bourne is an ex officio member of each of the committees. 
** Non-independent director.  Mr. Sheridan attends the meetings but is not a voting member of the committees. 

17

 
The information below sets out the members of each of our standing committees and indicates the 
number  of  meetings  that  each  committee  held  in  2013.    After  the  Meeting,  we  will  reconstitute  all  of  the 
standing committees to reflect the newly elected Board.  

Audit Committee 

The  Audit  Committee  is  constituted  in  accordance  with  SEC  rules,  applicable  securities  laws  and 
applicable  NASDAQ  rules,  and  assists  the  Board  in  fulfilling  its  responsibilities  by  reviewing  financial 
information, the systems of corporate controls and the audit process.   

The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible  for  overseeing  the  audit  process  and  the  preparation  of  our 
financial  statements,  ensuring  that  our  financial  statements  are  fairly  presented  in  accordance  with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”),  approving  our  quarterly  financial  statements,  and 
reviewing  and  recommending  to  the  Board  our  year-end  financial  statements  and  all  financial  disclosure 
contained in our public documents.  The Audit Committee meets with our financial officers and our internal 
and external auditors to review matters affecting financial reporting, the system of internal accounting and 
financial disclosure controls and procedures, and the audit procedures and audit plans.  The Audit Committee 
reviews  our  significant  financial  risks  and  the  appointment  of  senior  financial  executives,  and  annually 
reviews our insurance coverage, tax loss carry forwards, pension and health care liabilities, and off-balance 
sheet transactions.  The Audit Committee has at least two members, Ian A. Bourne and Douglas P. Hayhurst, 
who qualify as audit committee financial experts under applicable securities regulations.  All of the members 
of the Audit Committee are independent directors and are financially literate.   

The Audit Committee is responsible for recommending the appointment of our external auditors (for 
shareholder  approval  at  our  annual  general  meeting),  monitoring  the  external  auditors’  qualifications  and 
independence, and determining the appropriate level of remuneration for the external auditors.  The external 
auditors report directly to the Audit Committee.  The Audit Committee also approves in advance, on a case-
by-case basis, any services to be provided by the external auditors that are not related to the audit. 

In  addition,  the  Audit  Committee  is  mandated  to  review  all  financial  disclosure  contained  in 
prospectuses,  annual  reports,  annual  information  forms,  management  proxy  circulars  and  other  similar 
documents.  The Audit Committee is also responsible for ensuring that the internal audit function is being 
effectively carried out.  The Audit Committee reviews and approves, in advance, related party transactions 
(including  transactions  and  agreements  in  respect  of  which  a  director  or  executive  officer  has  a  material 
interest) on a case-by-case basis. 

The  Audit  Committee  met  5  times  during  2013.    The  members  in  2013  were  Ian  A.  Bourne  (ex 
officio),  Edwin  J.  Kilroy  (Chair),  Douglas  P.  Hayhurst,  David  B.  Sutcliffe  and  Ian  Sutcliffe.    All  of  the 
members  of  the  Audit  Committee  are  independent  of  our  management  in  accordance  with  the  applicable 
Canadian and United States securities laws and exchange requirements. 

For a more detailed description of the Audit Committee or to see the Audit Committee’s mandate, a 
copy of which is posted on our website, see the section entitled "Audit Committee Matters" in our Annual 
Information Form dated February 26, 2014, which section is incorporated by reference into this Management 
Proxy Circular. 

Corporate Governance & Compensation Committee 

The CGCC is responsible for the following1:

(cid:120) recommending  the  size  of  the  Board  and  the  formation  and  membership  of  committees  of  the 

Board;

(cid:120) review and approval of all director nominations to the Board; 

1Formerly the responsibilities and duties of the Corporate Governance Committee dissolved as of July 1, 2013. 

18

                                                      
(cid:120) determining director compensation;     

(cid:120) maintaining an ongoing education program for Board members; 

(cid:120) ensuring  a  formal  process  exists  to  evaluate  the  performance  of  the  Board,  Board  committees, 
individual directors, and the Chair of the Board, and ensuring that appropriate actions are taken, 
based on the results of the evaluation, to improve the effectiveness of the Board; 

(cid:120) conducting succession planning for the Chair of the Board; and 

(cid:120) monitoring  corporate  governance  and  making  recommendations  to  enable  the  Board  to  comply 

with best corporate governance practices in Canada and the United States; 

The CGCC is also responsible for2:

(cid:120) considering and authorizing the terms of employment and compensation of executive officers and 
providing  advice  on  organizational  and  compensation  structures  in  the  various  jurisdictions  in 
which we operate; 

(cid:120) reviewing and setting the minimum share ownership requirement for executive officers; 

(cid:120) reviewing  all  distributions  under  our  equity-based  compensation  plans,  and  reviewing  and 

approving the design and structure of, and any amendments to, those plans; 

(cid:120) ensuring appropriate senior management succession planning, recruitment, development, training 

and evaluation; 

(cid:120) annually reviewing the performance objectives of our Chief Executive Officer and conducting his 

annual performance evaluation.   

Any compensation consultants engaged by us, at the direction of the committee, report directly to the 
committee,  and  the  committee  has  the  authority  to  appoint  such  consultants,  determine  their  level  of 
remuneration, and oversee and terminate their services.     

A  copy  of  the  Corporate  Governance  &  Compensation  Committee’s  mandate  is  posted  on  our 
website.  The mandate is reviewed annually and the committee’s performance is assessed annually through a 
process overseen by the Board. 

The  CGCC  met  twice  during  2013.    The  members  were  Ian  A.  Bourne  (ex  officio),  Carol  M. 
Stephenson (Chair), David B. Sutcliffe and Ian Sutcliffe.  All of the members of the CGCC are independent 
of  our  management  in  accordance  with  the  applicable  Canadian  and  United  States  securities  laws  and 
exchange requirements.  

Collectively,  the  CCGC  members  have  extensive  compensation-related  experience  as  senior 
executives  (past  and  present)  and  members  of  the  board  of  directors  and  committees  of  other  public  and 
private corporations. The Board is confident that the CCGC collectively has the knowledge, experience and 
background to carry out the Committee’s mandate effectively and to make executive compensation decisions 
in the best interests of the Corporation and its shareholders. 

Former Committees 

Corporate Governance Committee 

The  Corporate  Governance  Committee  met  twice  in  2013.    The  members  were  Ian  A.  Bourne  (ex
officio), Edwin J. Kilroy, Dr. C.S. Park, and Carol M. Stephenson (Chair). All of the members of the CGCC 
were  independent  of  our  management  in  accordance  with  the  applicable  Canadian  and  United  States 
securities laws and exchange requirements.  

2Formerly the responsibilities and duties of the Human Resources & Compensation Committee dissolved as of July 1, 
2013. 

19

                                                      
The  Corporate  Governance  Committee  was  dissolved  as  of  July  1,  2013  and  its  duties  and 

responsibilities were assumed by the CGCC. 

Human Resources & Compensation Committee 

The  HRCC  met  twice  during  2013.    The  members  were  Ian  A.  Bourne  (ex  officio),  Douglas  P. 
Hayhurst,  Dr.  C.S.  Park,  Carol  M.  Stephenson  and  David  B.  Sutcliffe  (Chair).    All  of  the  members  of  the 
HRCC were independent of our management in accordance with the applicable Canadian and United States 
securities laws and exchange requirements.  

The HRCC was dissolved as of July 1, 2013 and its duties and responsibilities were assumed by the 

CGCC. 

Financing Advisory Committee 

The  Financing  Advisory  Committee  was  a  temporary  committee  of  the  Board  established  in  June 
2012 for the purpose of reviewing and analyzing the relevant facts and issues concerning financing-related 
transactions and to make recommendations to enable the Board to determine whether any such transaction is 
in the best interests of the Corporation. 

The  Financing  Advisory  Committee  met  twice  during  2013.    The  members  were  Ian  A.  Bourne, 
Douglas P. Hayhurst and Edwin J. Kilroy, all of whom are independent of our management in accordance 
with the applicable Canadian and United States securities laws and exchange requirements.  

The Financing Advisory Committee was dissolved in June 2013. 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

This  section  of  this  Management  Proxy  Circular  contains  a  discussion  of  the  elements  of 
compensation  earned  by  our  "Named  Executive  Officers",  who  are  listed  in  the  Summary  Compensation 
Table below: John W. Sheridan (President and Chief Executive Officer), Tony Guglielmin (Vice President 
and Chief Financial Officer), Christopher J. Guzy (Vice President and Chief Technical Officer), Paul Cass 
(Vice President, Operations) and Karim Kassam (Vice President, Business & Corporate Development). 

In this section the term “Compensation Committee” refers to (1) the HRCC for actions taken prior to 
July 1, 2013, (2) the CGCC for actions taken after that date, and (3) to both committees where the context 
does not imply a specific date. 

Objectives of Our Executive Compensation Program 

The  structure  of  our  executive  compensation  program  is  designed  to  compensate  and  reward 
executives appropriately for driving superior performance. For our Named Executive Officers, a significant 
portion of their total direct compensation is "at risk" and tied closely to the success of the Corporation’s short 
and  long-term  objectives.  "At  risk"  means  that  the  executive  will  not  realize  value  unless  specified  goals, 
many  of  which  are  directly  tied  to  the  Corporation’s  performance,  are  achieved  or  the  price  at  which  our 
common  shares  are  traded  on  the  TSX  or  NASDAQ  appreciates.    In  2013,  these  performance  goals,  and 
resulting  compensation  awards,  were  largely  focused  on  the  Corporation’s  key  business  drivers  including 
growing  revenue  and  building  the  long  term  order  book,  Adjusted  EBITDA(3)  performance,  Gross  Margin 
performance,  on-time  product  deliveries  and  the  delivery of  key strategic  business  enablers  to  position  the 
Corporation  for  long  term  success.    This  compensation  philosophy  puts  a  strong  emphasis  on  pay  for 
performance, and uses equity awards as a significant component in order to correlate the long-term growth of 
shareholder  value  with  management’s  most  significant  compensation  opportunities.    The  strategic  goals  of 

(3) 

For a discussion of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, please refer to Ballard’s Management’s Discussion & Analysis.

20

                                                      
the  Corporation  are  reflected  in  the  incentive-based  executive  compensation  programs  so  that  executives’ 
interests are aligned with shareholders’ interests. 

Philosophy and Objectives 

Our philosophy and objectives regarding compensation are to: 

(a)

(b)

(c)

attract  and  retain  experienced,  qualified,  capable  executive  officers  by  paying 
salaries  which  are  competitive  in  the  markets  in  which  we  compete  for  executive 
talent;

motivate  short  and  long-term  performance  by  directly  linking  annual  bonuses  to 
performance; and 

link our executive officers' interests with those of our shareholders by providing our 
executive  officers  with  equity-based  compensation,  requiring  them  to  comply  with 
minimum share ownership guidelines and build a sustained ownership position. 

Compensation Risk Considerations  

The Compensation Committee and Board believe that relative to other market sectors (e.g. Financial) the risk 
associated with our compensation practices is low.  Given the increased emphasis being placed on ensuring 
that compensation practices do not encourage behaviours that expose the corporation to greater risk, this is an 
area that the Compensation Committee and Board continue to monitor regularly.

The  Compensation  Committee  and  Board  currently  consider  the  risks  associated  with  the  company’s 
compensation policies and practices are mitigated by: 

(cid:120)

evaluating the impact of each compensation component on management behaviour: 

o for base pay, there is no unusual risk-taking being encouraged; 

o for long-term equity-based incentive programs, the potential risks are considered low, in part 
due to the mix of RSU and Option awards with time and/or performance based vesting 
terms, and overall generally consistent with other public company risks; 

o for short term cash incentives, the potential risks are low since the plan uses multiple metrics 
in the Corporate Multiplier, both quantitative and qualitative (described below) and  has caps 
to the maximum earnings available under each component of the plan. 

(cid:120)

ensuring the committee and Board mandates reflect the correct accountabilities, oversight and 
controls on the company’s compensation policies and practices, especially as they relate to executive 
compensation; and 

(cid:120) working with management and/or external consultants to stress test each compensation component, 

to ensure boundary conditions are reasonable and do not produce unexpected or unintended financial 
windfalls.

The  Compensation  Committee  and  Board  consider  that  these  mitigation  approaches  results  in  the 
Corporation’s risk profile associated with its compensation practices being low. 

How Executive Compensation is Determined 

The  Compensation  Committee,  consisting  of  4  independent  directors,  is  charged,  on  behalf  of  our 
Board, with reviewing and approving executive officers’ benefit policies and compensation plans, including 
our  annual  bonus  plan  and  our  long-term  equity-based  compensation  plans.    As  part  of  its  mandate,  the 
committee  approves  and  recommends  to  the  Board  the  appointment  of  our  executive  officers.    The 
committee  also  reviews  and  approves  the  amount  and  form  of  their  compensation,  their  development  and 
succession  plans,  and  any  significant  organizational  or  management  changes.    The  committee  retains 
independent  compensation  consultants  for  professional  advice  and  as  a  source  of  competitive  market 
information.  In 2013, the committee continued to retain Towers Watson on an as-needed basis, to provide 

21

independent advice related to Ballard executive compensation items.  The committee also seeks the advice 
and recommendations of our President and Chief Executive Officer with respect to the compensation of our 
other executive officers.  The President and Chief Executive Officer does not participate in the portions of 
the committee discussions that relate directly to his personal compensation. 

Executive Pay Mix and the Emphasis on "At Risk" Pay 

We place emphasis on performance by having a significant proportion of our executive officers’ total 
annual compensation linked to corporate and individual performance.  For 2013, an average of 54% of the 
annual  compensation  earned  by  each  of  our  Named  Executive  Officers  came  from  "at  risk",  variable, 
performance-related compensation containing inherent market performance risk, where annual compensation 
includes  base  salary,  annual  bonus  and  equity-based  long-term  incentives  (including  share  options  and 
RSUs). 

The Use of Benchmarking 

Our  overall  compensation  objective  is  to  pay  executives  on  average  at  the  50th  percentile  of  the 
comparator group for full achievement of performance goals.  Over-achievement or under-achievement will 
result in being over or under the average. 

In late 2011, the Compensation Committee, working with Towers Watson, updated the comparator 
companies contained within the  Corporation’s compensation comparator group to reflect the  Corporation’s 
current business size and market focus. A revised list of comparator companies was reviewed and accepted 
by the committee, which selected the group of comparators ensuring a suitable mix of Canadian and United 
States  companies  exhibiting  a  growth  oriented  mix  of  revenues,  employee  base,  asset  base,  market 
capitalization  and  market  focus.    This  same  comparator  group  was  maintained  in  2013.  This  comparator 
group  comprises  the  primary  source  of  compensation  data  for  review  of  the  Corporation’s  market 
competitiveness. The committee reviews the composition of the comparator company list on an annual basis.   

The Corporation’s current comparator group is: 

Canadian Companies 

EXFO Inc 
Gennum Corporation 
Hydrogenics Corp. 
Neo Material Technologies Inc 
New Flyer Industries Inc 
Sierra Wireless Inc 
Westport Innovations Inc 

United States Companies 

AeroVironment Inc 
Allied Motion Technologies Inc 
American Superconductor Corporation 
Ener1 Inc 
Energy Conversion Devices Inc 
Fuel Cell Energy Inc 
GrafTech International Ltd 
Plug Power Inc 

The  committee  compares  each  executive  officer’s  annual  salary,  target  annual  incentive  bonus  and 
long-term  incentive  compensation  value,  both  separately  and  in  the  aggregate,  to  amounts  paid  for  similar 
positions at comparator group companies. As noted above, the committee’s practice is to target annual total 
direct  compensation  for  each  executive  at  approximately  the  50th  percentile  among  the  comparator  group 
companies. 

Towers Watson have been retained by the Compensation Committee since 2008 to provide executive 
compensation  benchmarking  and  general  executive  compensation,  equity  plan  and  Board  compensation 
advisory services. Towers Watson continues to be the Committee’s advisors, available for ad-hoc consulting 
services as needed; however, the Committee did not require any services in 2013.   

The following table sets out the fees paid to Towers Watson during each of the two most recently 

completed financial years:  

22

Executive Compensation-
Related Fees 

All Other Fees 

2013 

2012 

Nil 

$4,098 

Nil 

Nil 

Current Executive Compensation Elements 

Our compensation program for our executive officers has three primary components: 

(a)

(b)

(c)

annual salary; 

annual incentives (bonus); and 

equity-based long-term incentives comprised of awards that may be issued under our 
Option Plan, Share Distribution Plan or under the Market Purchase RSU Plan. 

Significant Compensation Program Changes Planned in 2014 

There are no significant compensation program changes planned for 2014. 

Annual Salary 

The  Compensation  Committee  approves  the  annual  salary  of  our  executive  officers.    Salary 

guidelines and salary adjustments for our executive officers are considered with reference to: 

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

comparative market assessments performed by external compensation consultants;  

the experience and qualifications of each executive officer; 

the individual performance of each executive officer; and 

the roles and responsibilities of each executive officer. 

The Corporation chooses to pay this element of compensation, because the Corporation’s view is that 
a  competitive  base  salary  is  a  necessary  element  for  attracting  and  retaining  qualified  and  experienced 
executive talent. 

The  Corporation’s  decisions  about  this  element  of  compensation  and  its  annual  level  impacts 
decisions about the level of target annual incentive an executive might receive, but only in the sense that the 
incentive bonus target is set as a percentage of annual salary. 

In 2013, there were no annual salary increases for the Named Executive Officers. 

Annual Bonus for Executive Officers 

The  Compensation  Committee  reviews  and  approves  the  annual  bonus  for  each  executive  officer 
based on the recommendations of our President and Chief Executive Officer in accordance with the factors 
described in the foregoing section.   

The annual target bonus for Mr. Guglielmin, Mr. Guzy and Mr. Cass was set at 60% of base salary in 
2013.  This target, first established in 2012 in response to the Towers Watson benchmarking study conducted 
in Fall 2011, was a reduction from the 70% level of 2011. This bonus target had previously been reduced by 
5% points in each of 2008 and 2007 to better align annual incentive levels to market levels relative to the 
Corporation’s comparator group).  Mr. Kassam’s annual target bonus was set at 55% of base salary in 2013. 

This annual bonus target is split into 2 parts. The first 50% is determined by individual and corporate 
performance relative to the Corporation’s annual goals. The second 50% is based on a stretch performance 
metric. In 2013, this stretch performance metric was over-achievement of a target Cashflow from Operations. 

23

 
Therefore,  50%  of  each  executive  officer’s  actual  2013  bonus  was  based  on  a  combination  of  his 
individual performance and our corporate performance relative to goals, as discussed below under the section 
entitled  "Methodology  for  Determining  Annual  Incentives",  with  the  remaining  50%  based  on  a  stretch 
performance element related to over-achievement of annual Cashflow from Operations targets. 

The  Corporation  maintains  an  annual  bonus  program  in  order  to  motivate  short  and  long-term 

performance by directly linking annual bonuses to the performance and progress of the Corporation. 

The  Corporation’s  decisions  about  this  element  of  compensation  do  not  directly  affect  decisions 

about any other element of the Corporation’s compensation program. 

For  a  full  discussion  of  annual  incentive  compensation  for  our  President  and  Chief  Executive 
Officer,  see  the  section  entitled  "Chief  Executive  Officer  Compensation".    The  section  below  entitled 
"Methodology  for  Determining  Annual  Incentives"  applies  equally  to  the  President  and  Chief  Executive 
Officer as it does to the other executives. 

Methodology for Determining Annual Incentives 

The actual annual bonus for each executive officer is determined by the CGCC on the basis of the 

following formula: 

actual bonus = annual base salary x bonus percentage x individual performance multiplier 

bonus percentage =  (50% of target bonus x corporate scorecard multiplier) +  

(50% of target bonus x stretch performance goal multiplier) 

Corporate Scorecard Multiplier 

The corporate scorecard multiplier is determined by the Compensation Committee and approved by 
the  Board  with  reference  to  achievement  against  the  corporate  goals  set  out  in  a  Corporate  Performance 
Scorecard approved by the Compensation Committee and the Board prior to the commencement of the year.  
Each corporate performance goal on the scorecard is assigned a relative weighting in terms of importance to 
annual performance and growth of the Corporation, as well as a range of targeted outcomes, such that below 
a certain performance level the contribution of that goal to the overall corporate scorecard multiplier is zero.  
For 2013, the Corporate Performance Scorecard reflected a balance of Quantitative annual goals focussed on 
delivery of the 2013 operating plan (70% of the scorecard) and Qualitative goals focussed on key strategic 
outcomes  during  2013  to  position  the  Corporation  for  longer  term  success  (30%  of  the  scorecard).  The 
Quantitative  portion  of  the  scorecard  had  3  financial  elements  (Revenue,  Gross  Margin,  and  Adjusted 
EBITDA)  and  2  operational  elements  (on-time  product  delivery  and  sales  order  book  for  2014).  The 
Qualitative  portion  of  the  scorecard  had  3  elements  (Demonstrating  critical  mass  in  Telecoms  Back-Up 
Power  systems  deployment,  Working  with  European  bus  partners  to  deliver  demonstration  fleets,  and 
securing an additional OEM automotive customer). 

Goals  related  to  on-time  delivery,  securing  an  additional  OEM  automotive  customer,  and  gross 
margin  were  delivered  at  achievement  levels  above  the  100%  level.    Goals  related  to  on-time  delivery, 
revenue, 2014 order book, Telecoms BUP deployment and Bus demonstrations fleets were delivered at the 
100% level.  The goal related to Adjusted EBITDA was delivered at close to the 100% achievement level. 

In  aggregate  the  Corporate  Scorecard  Multiplier  achievement  equalled  113%,  which  as  previously 

described, affected 50% of the executive’s annual bonus target. 

Stretch Performance Goal Multiplier

The stretch performance goal related to over-achievement of the annual Cashflow from Operations 
target  was  not  achieved.    As  a  result,  the  stretch  performance  goal  multiplier  for  2013  was  0%.  This  zero 
payout affected 50% of the executive’s annual bonus target. 

Individual Performance Multiplier 

The  individual  performance  multiplier  is  determined  with  reference  to  achievement  against  the 
individual goals set for each executive officer, with an individual performance multiplier greater than 100% 

24

being awarded for superior performance against these goals, and an individual performance multiplier of less 
than  100%  being  awarded  for  substandard  performance  against  these  goals.    Individual  goals  are  set  for 
individual  executive  officers  by 
the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  are  based  on  agreed-upon 
objective/identifiable  measures  relative  to  their  respective  functional  accountabilities,  which  are  aligned  to 
the  corporate  performance  goals.  Individual  multipliers  for  each  Executive  ranged  from  100%  to  150%.  A 
summary of their individual performance is as follows:  

Mr. Guglielmin:  met all of his 2013 goals including departmental and corporate financial metrics, 

with significant over-achievements on the goals for strengthening liquidity and growing shareholder value. 

Mr.  Guzy:  met  his  key  2013  goals,  relating  to  program  development,  engineering  services 
deliverables  and  product  quality  improvement;  as  well,  he  make  key  contributions  to  major  corporate 
achievements in engineering services and licensing contracts. 

Mr.  Cass:  met  his  key  2013  goals  in  production,  customer  service  and  quality  and  provided  key 

support on numerous corporate priorities, related to the bus and material handling market segments. 

Mr.  Kassam:  met  his  key  goals  related  to  various  corporate  and  business  development  priorities, 

primarily in areas related to continuous power in Africa and  telecoms back-up power in African and India.  

Long Term Incentives 

We provide our executive officers with equity-based long-term incentives through the Option Plan, 
Market  Purchase  RSU  Plan  and  the  SDP.    These  plans  are  designed  to  reinforce  the  connection  between 
executive officer remuneration and our performance by motivating and rewarding participants for improving 
our  long-term  financial  strength  and  enhancing  shareholder  value,  and  also  providing  retention  value  to 
executives.    With  respect  to  equity-based  long-term  compensation  awards  for  our  executive  officers, 
individual performance and future contribution expectations are taken into account in determining the award.  
For 2013 awards, the President and Chief Executive Officer recommended to the Compensation Committee a 
value  amount  in  dollars  for  each  Named  Executive  Officer:  see  the  amounts  set  out  under  “Share-Based 
Awards” and “Option-Based Awards” in our Summary Compensation Table. This value amount was broadly 
the same as for 2012 awards (the 2012 value having been reduced to 90% of the 2011 award value to more 
directly reflect the positioning relative to the comparator group). The recommendation for this year reflected 
a higher percentage of RSU awards than prior years (approximately 75-90% of the total value). This value 
amount  was  then  converted  to  RSUs  at  the  then  current  market  price  by  dividing  the  dollar  value  by  the 
closing share price on either the TSX or NASDAQ on the award date. The remaining approximately 10-25% 
of this value amount was converted to options by dividing the dollar value by the Black-Scholes value of a 
Ballard option on the award date.  These options were then priced at the closing share price on the day prior 
to the award date. 

This  element  of  compensation  and  the  Corporation’s  decisions  about  this  element  fit  into  the 
Corporation’s overall compensation objectives in that they link our shareholders’ interests with those of our 
executive officers by providing our executive officers with equity-based compensation, and requiring them to 
comply with minimum share ownership guidelines. 

The  Corporation’s  decisions  about  this  element  of  compensation  do  not  affect  decisions  about  any 

other element of the Corporation’s compensation. 

Share Options 

Share  options  are  granted  annually  in  respect  of  approximately  10-50%  of  the  long-term  incentive 
compensation to be provided to an executive.  As a result, previous grants of Share options are not generally 
taken into account when making new grants.  The actual number of Share options granted is determined by 
dividing the dollar value of the portion of the long-term incentive to be satisfied though an option grant by 
the Black-Scholes value of a Ballard option on the award date. 

25

Under our Option Plan: 

(a)

(b)

the  exercise  price  of  each  option  is  determined  by  the  Board,  but  must  not  be  less 
than  the  closing  price  per  Share  on  the  TSX  or  NASDAQ  on  the  last  trading  day 
before the date the option is granted; and 

each  option  may  be  exercised  by  the  holder  in  respect  of  up  to  one-third  of  the 
Shares subject to the option on or after the first, second and third anniversary of the 
effective date of the option on a cumulative basis. 

Share options are typically granted for a term of seven years. 

Restricted Share Units 

Employees  and  executive  officers  are  eligible  to  receive  new  RSU  awards  under  the  Market 
Purchase RSU Plan or SDP, which provide for vesting over periods of up to three years and awards may be 
subject  to  certain  performance  criteria,  as  determined  by  the  Board  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
Compensation  Committee.    Redemption  of  these  RSUs  is  satisfied  either  with  Shares  bought  under  the 
Market Purchase RSU Plan or by treasury based shares reserved under the SDP.

The  amount  of  the  long-term  incentive  that  is  awarded  to  each  executive  officer  is  typically 
determined in the first quarter of each financial year, in conjunction with the determination of that executive 
officer’s annual bonus for the prior financial year.  Since the long-term incentive is tied to future (as opposed 
to  past)  corporate  performance,  in  our  summary  compensation  table  we  report  the  grant  of  the  long-term 
incentive  in  the  "Share-Based  Awards"  column  and  the  "Option-Based  Awards"  column  for  the  particular 
year in which they were actually granted.  The year-end values of unexercised or unvested Share options and 
RSUs, and the vesting during the year of Share options and RSUs are reported in the tables under the heading 
"Incentive Plan Awards". 

In 2012, the performance criteria for RSUs were amended to introduce a tiered approach to vesting 
based on the annual performance of the Corporation (as prescribed by the Corporate Performance Scorecard).  

Corporate Scorecard 

RSU Vesting 

< 50% 

(cid:149)50% and <75%  

(cid:149)75% 

0% 

50% 

100% 

New Issuances 

On  March  7,  2013,  1,063,524  RSUs  were  issued  to  the  Named  Executive  Officers,  including  the 
President and Chief Executive Officer.  For all our executive officers who received an award on that date, the 
RSU awards included a performance criteria achievement goal of a minimum corporate scorecard multiplier 
of  50%  in  each  of  the  3  years  of  the  award,  with  50%  vesting  if  this  threshold  was  achieved  and  100% 
vesting if a corporate scorecard multiplier achievement of greater than 75% is achieved. Failure to meet this 
minimum corporate performance threshold in any one year results in that year’s award portion expiring and 
not being redeemed (see the section above entitled "Methodology for Determining Annual Incentives" for a 
description  of  the  determination  of  the  corporate  scorecard  multiplier).    In  February  2014,  the  Board 
determined, after setting the corporate multiplier to 113% for the purpose of determining annual bonus, that 
100% of this year’s RSUs vested, per the terms of the RSU awards.  

Redemptions

A redemption of RSUs to shares for the Named Executive Officers, based on partial vesting of annual awards 
granted in 2010, 2011 and 2012 was approved by the board on March 7, 2013.

On  March  11,  2013,  37,847  RSUs  vested  and  after  statutory  withholdings,  21,306  RSUs  were 
redeemed  into  Shares,  representing  50%  of  one-third  of  the  2010  annual  RSU  long-term  incentive  award 
granted to Messrs. Sheridan, Cass, Guzy and Kassam. 

26

On  March  11,  2013,  68,254  RSUs  vested  and  after  statutory  withholdings,  38,424  RSUs  were 
redeemed  into  Shares,  representing  50%  of  one-third  of  the  2011  annual  RSU  long-term  incentive  award 
granted to Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass and Guzy. 

On  March  11,  2013,  117,949  RSUs  vested  and  after  statutory  withholdings,  66,402  RSUs  were 
redeemed  into  Shares,  representing  50%  of  one-third  of  the  2012  annual  RSU  long-term  incentive  award 
granted to Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, Guzy and Kassam. 

On  June  13,  2013,  25,226  RSUs  reached  the  end  of  their  restriction  period  and  after  statutory 
withholdings, 14,202 RSUs were redeemed into Shares for Mr. Guglielmin. This award was the final 1/3 of 
his new hire award, granted on June 14, 2010 and subject to time vesting only.  

On September 26, 2013, 53,191 RSUs reached the end of their restriction period and after statutory 
withholdings,  29,946  RSUs  were  redeemed  into  Shares  for  Mr.  Kassam.    This  award  was  granted  on 
September 20, 2011 and subject to time vesting only. 

Chief Executive Officer Compensation 

Mr.  Sheridan  was  appointed  President  and  CEO  by  the  Board  on  February  22,  2006.    When 
appointed, his base salary at that time was fixed at $530,000 Cdn per year.  The CEO base salary has been 
frozen  since  that  time,  other  than  a  10%  voluntary  temporary  reduction  during  the  2nd  half  of  2009.    In 
January  2010,  Mr.  Sheridan’s  base  salary  returned  to  its  original  level  of  $530,000  Cdn  per  year  and 
continued at that level throughout 2010. 

Mr.  Sheridan  is  entitled  to  receive  an  RRSP  contribution  (CDN$11,910  in  2013).    The  corporate 
RRSP program was changed in 2010 and this benefit was reduced by 50% relative to 2009. This benefit is 
now  subject  to  an  equivalent  matching  contribution  from  Mr.  Sheridan.    Mr.  Sheridan  is  also  entitled  to 
receive company paid insurance premiums (CDN$2,198 in 2013). 

Mr. Sheridan’s target bonus for 2013 was equal to 80% of his annual base salary, reduced from 90% 
in 2011.  This level of target bonus has been reduced from 100% in 2007. Mr. Sheridan’s bonus for 2013 was 
determined by the Compensation Committee on the basis of corporate financial and operational performance 
reflected in the Corporate Performance Scorecard rating, plus performance relative to the CEO’s individual 
goals for 2013, as approved by the Board. 

The Compensation Committee determined that Mr. Sheridan performed strongly in 2013, exceeding 
4  of  his  5  individual  goals  related  to  refining  the  corporate  strategic  direction,  strengthening  the 
Corporation’s  liquidity  position,  growing  shareholder  value  and  strengthening  employee  engagement;  and 
meeting the 5th goal related to deepening director knowledge with increased firsthand exposure to customers, 
suppliers  and  partners.   Commensurate  with  this  evaluation,  the  Compensation  Committee  determined  that 
the appropriate Individual Bonus Multiplier for Mr. Sheridan was 150%.  

As noted earlier, the stretch performance goal related  to over-achievement of the annual  Cashflow 
from Operations target was not achieved.  As a result, the stretch performance goal multiplier for 2013 was 
0%. This zero payout affected 50% of the Mr. Sheridan’s annual bonus target. 

On March 7, 2013, the Board approved  the recommendation by the Compensation Committee and 
Mr.  Sheridan  was  granted  a  long-term  incentive  award,  equivalent  at  the  time  of  grant  to  a  total  value  of 
CDN$831,250; with CDN$81,250 converted to options in respect of 125,000 Shares (at an exercise price of 
CDN$1.22  per  Share)  and  a  RSU  award  of  CDN$750,000  (614,754  RSUs  at  a  price  of  CDN$1.22  per 
Share).  These  awards  formed  Mr.  Sheridan’s  2013 long-term  incentive  package,  and  the  overall  value  and 
equity  mix  was  approved  by  the  Compensation  Committee  and  the  Board.    Consistent  with  other  Named 
Executive  Officers,  the  RSU  award  has  performance  criteria  and  time  vesting  as  described  above  in  the 
“Restricted  Share  Units  – New  Issuances”  section,  and  the  share options  were  granted  with  a  7-year  term, 
with one-third of the options vesting at the end of each of the first three years. 

The cash portion of Mr. Sheridan’s total compensation in 2013 was CDN$566,829 (for base salary 
and benefits).  The non-cash compensation portion related to the theoretical value of Options and RSUs at 

27

grant  received  in  2013,  but  to  vest  in  later  years,  was  CDN$831,250.  The  total  value  of  Mr.  Sheridan’s 
nominal compensation in 2013, the sum of the cash and non-cash components, was CDN$1,757,419.  

Termination and Change of Control Benefits 

For  a  description  of  the  termination  and  change  of  control  benefits  under  Ballard's  employee 
contracts and equity compensation plans for the President & CEO and other Named Executive Officers, see 
the section entitled "Termination and Change of Control Benefits" below. 

Perquisites

In  addition  to  cash  and  equity  compensation,  the  Corporation  provides  Named  Executive  Officers 
with certain personal benefits, consistent with similar benefits coverage within the comparator group. These 
benefits  include  a  car  allowance,  medical  benefits  program,  long  and  short-term  disability  coverage,  life 
insurance, an annual medical and a financial planning allowance. 

Retirement Benefits 

In 2013, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Guglielmin, Mr. Guzy and Mr. Cass each received an RRSP contribution 
from  the  Corporation,  equal  to  50%  of  the  maximum  amount  allowable  under  the  Income  Tax  Act 
(Canada),based on the Named Executive Officer making an equivalent personal matching contribution.  In 
2010,  the  Corporation  made  changes  to  its  overall  RRSP  program.    Starting  on  January  1,  2010,  each 
executive  was  required  to  make  a  matching  contribution  to  receive  an  RRSP  benefit.    As  a  result  of  these 
changes, the maximum benefit each executive can receive is up to 50% of the maximum amount allowable 
under the Income Tax Act (Canada), based on the executive making an equal matching contribution.  This is 
both a reduction of 50% in value of the total benefit relative to the program prior to 2010, and also requires a 
matching contribution from the executive.  In 2013, Mr. Kassam received an RRSP contribution equal to 5% 
of his base salary, based on his making an equivalent personal matching contribution. 

None  of  the  Named  Executive  Officers  currently  participates  in  a  Corporation-sponsored  Defined 
Benefits Plan, Defined Contribution Plan, or Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, nor do they receive 
contributions to any such plan on their behalf from the Corporation.   

Total Executive Officer Compensation 

The  total  value  of  the  compensation  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  together  with  all  of  the  other 
Named  Executive  Officers  (as  defined  below  in  the  section  entitled  "Executive  Compensation")  was 
CDN$4,131,964. 

Minimum Share Ownership Guidelines  

We established executive officer minimum share ownership guidelines in 2003, which obligate each 
executive officer to own a minimum number of our Shares.  Those guidelines were modified by our Board in 
December 2007 to increase the minimum share ownership requirements for our executive officers. 

For the President and Chief Executive Officer the minimum share ownership guideline is equal to the 

lesser of: 

(a)

the number of Shares that have a fair market value of three times the President and 
Chief Executive Officer’s base salary; or 

(b)

181,903 Shares. 

For  executive  officers  other  than  the  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer,  the  minimum  share 

ownership guideline is equal to the lesser of: 

(a)

the number of Shares with a fair market value equal to the executive officer’s annual 
base salary; or 

28

(c)

the number of Shares equal to the executive officer’s annual base salary divided by 
the  closing  share  price  of  Shares  on  the  TSX  or  Nasdaq  on  the  trading  day of  the 
date of hire. (4)

Mr. Kassam is not subject to these minimum share ownership requirements. 

For the purposes of this section, the "fair market value" is defined as the closing price of our Shares 
as listed on the TSX on the date of review of the guideline. All executive officers have met or are on track to 
achieve the applicable guidelines. (5)

Executives  and  directors  are  not  permitted  to hedge  the  market  value  of  the  Corporation  securities 

granted to them as compensation or otherwise held, directly or indirectly, by them. 

PERFORMANCE GRAPH 

The following graph compares the total cumulative return to a shareholder who invested $100 in our 
Shares on December 31, 2008, assuming reinvestment of dividends, with the total cumulative return of $100 
on the NASDAQ Composite Index for the last five years.  

2008 (Dec 31) 
($)

2009 (Dec 31)
($)

2010 (Dec 31)
($)

2011 (Dec 31)
($)

2012 (Dec 31) 
($)

2013 (Dec 31)
($)

100

100 

167

144 

133 

168 

96 

165 

54 

191 

134

265 

Ballard 

NASDAQ 
Composite
Index

The trend shown  by  this graph does not reflect  the  trend  in  the  Corporation’s  compensation  to  its 

Named Executive Officers. 

(4) 

(5) 

For executives who were employed as at December 2007, the minimum share ownership guideline is equal to the lesser of: (a) the number of 
Shares with a fair market value equal to the executive officer’s annual base salary; or (b) 35,300 Shares.
For the President and Chief Executive Officer, the share acquisition period is five years from the date of hire.  For other executive officers who 
were employed as at December 2007, the time for acquiring the new minimum share ownership level is eight years.  For executive officers hired 
after December 2007, the minimum number of Shares must be acquired over a five-year period. 

29

  
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION TABLES 

The following table summarizes the compensation paid for the fiscal years ended on December 31, 

2011, December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2013 to our Named Executive Officers.  

Name and Principal 
Position 

John W. Sheridan(1)
President and Chief Executive 
Officer

Tony Guglielmin 

Vice President and Chief 
Financial Officer 

Paul Cass 

Vice President Operations 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Chief Technical Officer 

Karim Kassam 

Vice President, Business & 
Corporate Development 

Year 

2013 

2012 

2011 

2013 

2012 

2011 

2013 

2012 

2011 

2013 

2012 

2011 

2013 

2012 

2011 

Summary Compensation Table 

Long-Tern Incentives 

Salary(2)
(CDN$) 

Bonus(3)(4)
(CDN$) 

Share-Based 
Awards(5)
(CDN$) 

Option-Based 
Awards(6)
(CDN$) 

All Other 
Compensation(7)
(CDN$) 

Total 
Compensation
(CDN$) 

530,000

530,000 

530,000 

310,000

310,000 

310,000 

265,000

265,000 

258,671 

310,000

310,000 

310,000 

200,000 

166,797 

163,932 

359,340

0

380,000 

157,635

0

168,175 

89,835

0

151,320 

136,617

0

134,540 

64,847 

0

79,091 

750,000 

675,000 

500,000 

167,500 

162,000 

120,000 

167,500 

162,000 

120,000 

167,500 

162,000 

120,000 

45,000 

35,000 

75,000 

81,250 

225,000 

400,000 

48,750 

54,000 

120,000 

48,750 

54,000 

120,000 

48,750 

54,000 

120,000 

22,750 

8,900 

46,400 

36,829

29,910 

31,218 

31,533

29,596 

28,627 

29,959

28,318 

32,117 

43,443

43,154 

44,042 

19,176 

17,572 

17,299 

1,757,419

1,459,910 

1,841,218 

715,418

555,596 

746,802 

601,044

509,318 

682,108 

706,310

569,154 

728,582 

351,773 

228,269 

381,722 

(1)        Mr. Sheridan is also a director, but receives no compensation for his service as a director.  

(2)

(3) 

Salary of each of the Named Executive Officers was paid in Canadian dollars.  The United States dollar amounts for 2013 were US$498,308, 
US$291,463, US$249,154, US$291,463 and US$188,041 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, Guzy and Kassam, respectively.  The United 
States dollar amounts for 2012 were US$498,308, US$291,463, US$249,154, US$291,463 and US$156,823 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, 
Cass, Guzy and Kassam, respectively.  The United States dollar amounts for 2011 were US$498,308, US$291,463, US$243,203, US$291,463 
and  US$154,129 for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  Guzy  and  Kassam,  respectively.  The  Canadian  dollar  amounts  were  converted  into 
United States dollars for the purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2013. 

In 2013, the bonus for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, and Guzy was issued as DSUs and this amount is based on the grant date fair market 
value of the award, which equals the closing price of the Shares on the TSX on the date of issuance of the award.  The number of DSUs awarded 
is equal to the dollar amount of the award divided by the fair market value of the Shares at the time of issuance (based on the closing price of the 
Shares on the  TSX on the date of issuance). The number of DSUs issued to Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass,  and Guzy in respect of the 
fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 is as follows: 

Named Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Year 

2013 

2013 

2013 

2013 

DSUs  
(#) 

96,338 

42,261 

24,084 

36,627 

Bonus 

Fair Market Value 
of a Share 
(CDN$)(A)

3.73 

3.73 

3.73 

3.73 

Total 
(CDN$)(B)

359,340 

157,635 

89,835 

136,617 

(A)

(B)

The fair market value of a Share has been calculated using the Canadian dollar closing price of the Shares underlying the DSUs 
on the TSX on the date of issuance. 

The United States dollar amounts for 2013 were US$337,853, US$148,209, US$84,463 and US$128,448 for Messrs. Sheridan, 
Guglielmin,  Cass  and  Guzy,  respectively.    The  Canadian  dollar  amounts  were  converted  into  United  States  dollars  for  the 
purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2013. 

Mr. Kassam’s bonus was paid in cash in Canadian dollars. The United States dollar amount for Mr. Kassam’s 2013 bonus was US$60,969. The 
Canadian  dollar  amount  was  converted  into  United  States  dollars  for  the  purpose  of  this  disclosure  using  the  Bank  of  Canada  noon  rate  of 
exchange on December 31, 2013. 

(4) 

The bonus of each of the Named Executive Officers was paid in Canadian dollars.  The corresponding United States dollar amounts for 2012 
were US$0, US$0, US$0, US$0 and US$0 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, Guzy and Kassam, respectively.  The corresponding United 
States dollar amounts for 2011 were US$357,277, US$158,119, US$142,272, US$126,495 and US$74,361 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin,
Cass, Guzy and Kassam, respectively.  The Canadian dollar amounts were converted into United States dollars for the purpose of this disclosure 
using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2013. 

30

(5)  Represents  the  total  fair  market  value  of  RSUs  issued  to  each  Named  Executive  Officer  during  the  2011,  2012  and  2013  fiscal  years.    This 
amount is based on the grant date fair market value of the award, which equals the closing price of the Shares on the TSX and NASDAQ on the 
date  of  issuance  of  the  award.    Fair  value  is  determined  in  accordance  with  IFRS  2  of  the  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards 
(accounting fair value) is recorded as compensation expense in the statement of operations over vesting periods of one to three years.  There is 
no difference in Canadian dollars between the grant date fair market value of the award and the accounting fair value. 

As noted above, a dollar value is approved for the long term incentive awarded to each executive and approximately 75-90% of this amount is 
awarded in the form of RSUs with the remaining 10-25% being awarded in the form of Share options in 2013.  In 2012, approximately 75% of 
this amount was awarded in the form of RSUs with the remaining 25% being awarded in the form of Share options. In 2011, 50% of this amount 
was awarded in the form of RSUs with the remaining 50% being awarded in the form of Share options.  The number of RSUs awarded is equal 
to the dollar amount of the award divided by the fair market value of the Shares at the time of issuance (based on the closing price of the Shares 
on the TSX and NASDAQ on the date of issuance).  The number of RSUs issued to each Named Executive Officer in respect of the fiscal years 
ended December 31, 2011, December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2013 is as follows:

Share-Based Awards 

Named Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Karim Kassam 

Year 

2013 

2012 

2011

2013 

2012 

2011

2013 

2012 

2011 

2013 

2012 

2011

2013 

2012 

2011 

RSUs  
(#) 

614,754 

399,408 

238,095

137,295 

95,858 

57,143

137,295 

95,858 

57,143

137,295 

95,858 

57,143

36,885 

20,710 

53,191

Fair Market Value 
of a Share 
(CDN$)(A)

1.22 

1.69 

2.10

1.22 

1.69 

2.10

1.22 

1.69 

2.10

1.22 

1.69 

2.10

1.22 

1.69 

1.41

Total 
(CDN$)(B)

750,000 

675,000 

500,000

167,500 

162,000 

120,000

167,500 

162,000 

120,000

167,500 

162,000 

120,000

45,000 

35,000 

75,000

(A)

(B)

The fair market value of a Share has been calculated using the Canadian dollar closing price of the Shares underlying the RSUs 
on the TSX on the date of issuance. 

The  United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2013  were  US$705,152,  US$157,484,  US$157,484,  US$157,484  and  US$42,309  for 
Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  Guzy  and  Kassam,  respectively.    The  United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2012  were 
US$634,637,  US$152,313,  US$152,313,  US$152,313  and  US$32,907  for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  Guzy  and 
Kassam, respectively.  The United States dollar amounts for 2011were US$470,102, US$112,824, US$112,824, US$112,824 
and US$70,515 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, Guzy and Kassam, respectively.  The Canadian dollar amounts were 
converted  into  United  States  dollars  for  the  purpose  of  this  disclosure  using  the  Bank  of  Canada  noon  rate  of  exchange  on 
December 31, 2013. 

(6)  Represents the total of the fair market value of options to purchase our Shares issued under the Option Plan granted to each Named Executive 
Officer  during  each  fiscal  year.    This  amount  is  based  on  the  grant  date  fair  market  value  of  the  award  determined  using  the  Black-Scholes
valuation model using the following key assumptions: expected life of 5 years, expected volatility of 63% and risk free interest rate of 1% for 
2013;  expected  life  of  5  years,  expected  volatility  of  62%  and  risk  free  interest  rate  of  2%  for  2012;  and  expected  life  of  5  years,  expected 
volatility  of  64%  and  risk  free  interest  rate  of  3%  for  2011.    Accounting  fair  value  is  recorded  as  compensation  expense  in  the  statement  of 
operations over the vesting period.  There is no difference in Canadian dollars between the grant date fair market value of the award determined 
using  the  Black-Scholes  valuation  model  and  accounting  fair  value  determined  in  accordance  with  IFRS  2  of  the  International  Financial
Reporting Standards (accounting fair value).   

As noted above, a dollar value is approved for the long term incentive awarded to each executive and approximately 75-90% of this amount is 
awarded  in  the  form  of  RSUs  with  the  remaining  10-25%  being  awarded  in  the  form  of  Share  options.  In  2012,  approximately  75%  of  this 
amount is awarded in the form of RSUs with the remaining 25% being awarded in the form of Share options. In 2011, 50% of this amount was 
awarded in the form of RSUs with the remaining 50% being awarded in the form of Share options.  The number of Share options awarded is 
equal to the dollar amount of the award divided by the fair market value of the Shares at the time of issuance (based on the closing trading price 
of the Shares on the TSX on the day prior to issuance).  The number of Share options issued to each Named Executive Officer in respect of the 
fiscal years ended December 31, 2011, December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2013 is as follows: 

31

 
 
Named Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Karim Kassam 

Year 

2013 

2012 

2011

2013 

2012 

2011

2013 

2012 

2011

2013 

2012 

2011

2013 

2012 

2011 

Option-Based Awards

Shares Under  
Options 
(#) 

Black-Scholes Value of Shares 
Underlying Options on Date of 
Grant  
(CDN$/Share)(A)

Fair Market Value 
(CDN$))(B)

125,000 

252,808 

344,827

75,000 

60,674 

103,448

75,000 

60,674 

103,448

75,000 

60,674 

103,448

35,000 

10,000 

40,000

0.65 

0.89 

1.16

0.65 

0.89 

1.16

0.65 

0.89 

1.16

0.65 

0.89 

1.16

0.65 

0.89 

1.16

81,250 

225,000 

400,000

48,750 

54,000 

120,000

48,750 

54,000 

120,000

48,750 

54,000 

120,000

22,750 

8,900 

46,400

(A)  The fair market value of a Share has been calculated based on the Black-Scholes valuation model using the Canadian dollar closing

price of the Shares underlying the options on the TSX on the date of issuance. 

(B)

The  United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2013  were  US$76,392,  US$45,835,  US$45,835,  US$45,835  and  US$21,390  for  Messrs. 
Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  Guzy  and  Kassam,  respectively.    The  United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2012  were  US$211,545, 
US$50,771,  US$50,771,  US$50,771  and  US$8,368  for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  Guzy  and  Kassam,  respectively.    The 
United  States  dollar  amounts  for  2011  were  US$376,081,  US$112,824,  US$112,824,  US$112,824  and  US$43,625  for  Messrs. 
Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, Guzy and Kassam, respectively.  The Canadian dollar amounts were converted into United States dollars 
for the purpose of this disclosure using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2013. 

(7)  All Other Compensation was paid in Canadian dollars.  The United States dollar amounts for 2013 were US$34,628, US$29,648, US$28,168, 
US$40,845 and US$18,029 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, Cass, Guzy and Kassam, respectively.  The United States dollar amounts for 2012 
were  US$28,122,  US$27,826,  US$26,625,  US$40,574  and  US$16,521  for  Messrs.  Sheridan,  Guglielmin,  Cass,  and  Guzy,  respectively.    The 
United States dollar amounts for 2011 were US$29,351, US$26,916, US$30,197, US$41,409 and US$16,265 for Messrs. Sheridan, Guglielmin, 
Cass, Guzy and Kassam, respectively.  The Canadian dollar amounts were converted into United States dollars for the purpose of the table above 
using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2013. 

The value of the items included in this amount was based on the aggregate incremental cash cost to the Corporation.  All Other Compensation, 
including  the  type  and  amount  of  each  perquisite,  the  value  of  which  exceeds  25%  of  the  total  value  of  perquisites  reported  for  a  Named 
Executive Officer, includes: 

Named Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Karim Kassam 

Year 

2013 
2012 
2011

2013 
2012 
2011

2013 
2012 
2011

2013 
2012 
2011

2013 
2012 
2011 

All Other Compensation 

Retirement Benefits 
(RRSP / 401k / 
Defined Benefits) 
(CDN$) 

Insurance Premiums 
(CDN$) 

11,910
11,485 
11,225

11,910
11,485 
11,225

11,910
11,485 
11,225

11,910
11,485 
11,225

9,748 
8,340 
8,194

2,198
2,128 
2,021

1,075
1,041 
967

1,075
1,041 
964

1,075
1,041 
967

632 
496 
453

Other(A)
(CDN$) 

22,721
16,297 
17,972

18,548
17,070 
16,435

16,974
15,792 
19,928

30,458
30,628 
31,850

8,796 
8,736 
8,652

Total 
(CDN$) 

36,829
29,910 
31,218

31,533
29,596 
28,627

29,959
28,318 
32,117

43,443
43,154 
44,042

19,176 
17,572 
17,299

(A) 

Includes  automobile  allowances,  temporary  living  and  travel  allowances,  financial  planning  services  and  medical  and  health 
benefits. 

32

INCENTIVE PLAN AWARDS 

The  following  table  sets  forth  all  option-based  and  share-based  awards  granted  to  our  Named  Executive 
Officers that are outstanding as of December 31, 2013.  

Outstanding Share-Based Awards and Option-Based Awards 
(as of December 31, 2013)

Option-Based Awards 

Share-Based Awards 

Named  Executive 
Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

Christopher J. 
Guzy

Karim Kassam 

Number of 
Securities 
Underlying
Unexercised
Options  
(#) 

Option 
Exercise
Price(1)
(CDN$) 

123,762 
177,295 
185,185 
344,827(4)
252,808(5)
125,000(6)

175,000
103,448(7)
60,674(8)
75,000(6)

14,000 
50,000 
88,888
103,448(7)
60,674(8)
75,000(6)

42,553 
85,101 
88,888
103,448(7)
60,674(8)
75,000(6)

15,000 
25,000 
30,000
40,000(9)
10,000(10)
35,000(6)

4.17 
1.34 
2.40 
2.10 
1.69 
1.22 

1.80 
2.10 
1.69 
1.22 

5.08 
1.34 
2.40 
2.10       
1.69 

1.22 

5.08 
1.34 
2.40 
2.10 
1.69 
1.22 

3.10 
1.34 
2.40 
2.10       
1.69 
1.22 

Value of 
Unexercised
In-The-
Money
Options(2)
(CDN$) 

0
47,870 
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
13,500 
0
0
0
0

0
22,977 
0
0
0
0

0
6,750 
0
0
0
0

Option 
Expiration
Date 

May 13, 2015 
Mar. 5, 2016 
Mar. 12, 2017 
Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 
Mar. 8, 2020 

Jun. 14, 2017 
 Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 
Mar. 8, 2020 

Feb 22, 2015 
Mar. 5, 2016 
Mar. 12, 2017 
Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 
Mar. 8, 2020 

Feb. 22, 2015 
Mar. 5, 2016 
Mar. 12, 2017 
Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 
Mar. 8, 2020 

Nov. 12, 2015 
Mar. 5, 2016 
Mar. 12, 2017 
Mar. 9, 2018 
Feb. 24, 2019 
Mar. 8, 2020 

Number of RSUs 
That Have Not 
Vested 
(#) 

Market or Payout 
Value of RSUs That 
Have Not Vested(3)
(CDN$) 

960,391 

1,546,230 

220,246 

354,596 

220,246 

354,596 

220,246 

354,596 

50,691 

81,613 

(1)  All figures are in Canadian dollars.   

(2) 

(3) 

This amount is based on the difference between the closing price of the Shares underlying the options on the TSX as at December 31, 2013, and 
the exercise price of the option.  Where the difference is a negative number, the value is deemed to be 0.   

This amount is calculated by multiplying the number of RSUs that have not vested by the closing price of the Shares underlying the RSUs on the 
TSX as at December 31, 2013. 

Such amounts may not represent the actual value of the RSUs which ultimately vest, as the value of the Shares underlying the RSUs may be of 
greater  or  lesser  value  and/or  the  exchange  rate  may  be  higher  or  lower  on  vesting.    However,  given  that  it would  be not  be feasible  for  the 
Corporation to estimate, with any certainty, the market value of its Shares or the exchange rate on vesting, the Corporation has used the market 
value and exchange rate at the end of the most recently completed financial year for the purpose of calculating the amount disclosed.

(4)  Comprising 229,884 vested and 114,943 unvested options. 

(5)  Comprising 84,269 vested and 168,539 unvested options. 

(6)  Unvested options. 

(7) 

Comprising 68,965 vested and 34,483 unvested options. 

(8)  Comprising 20,224 vested and 40,450 unvested options. 

(9)  Comprising 26,666 vested and 13,334 unvested options. 

(10)  Comprising 3,333 vested and 6,667 unvested options. 

33

The following table sets forth the value of the incentive plan awards vested or earned during the year 

ended December 31, 2013 by our Named Executive Officers.  

Incentive Plan Awards – Value Vested or Earned During the Year 
(2013)

Named Executive Officer 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Karim Kassam 

Option-Based Awards – 
Value Vested During the 
Year(1)
(CDN$) 

Share-Based Awards – Value 
Vested During the Year(2)
(CDN$) 

Non-equity incentive plan 
compensation – Value earned 
during the year 
(CDN$) 

0

583 

0

0

0

159,459 

79,563 

43,645 

43,645 

105,124 

0

0

0

0

0

(1) 

(2) 

This value was determined by calculating the difference between the market price of the underlying Shares on the TSX on the vesting date and 
the exercise price of the options on the vesting date. 

This value was determined by calculating the dollar value realized by multiplying the number of Shares by the market value of the underlying 
Shares on the TSX on the vesting date. 

The number of options vesting to Named Executive Officers under the Option Plan during the most recently 
completed financial year is 569,321. 
Summaries of the Corporations’ Option Plan and SDP are provided in Appendix “B” and “C”, respectively.
As noted in the Outstanding Share-Based Awards and Option-Based Awards table, as at December 31, 2013, 
there were 1,671,820 RSUs awarded to Named Executive Officers that were still unvested.  The performance 
criteria for each of these RSUs will be determined by the Board at the appropriate time, and they are set to 
vest (subject to the terms of the Consolidated Share Distribution Plan or Market Purchase RSU Plan) as 
follows:

Named Executive Officer 

Number of RSUs That Have Not Vested 

Vesting Date 

John W. Sheridan 

Tony Guglielmin 

Paul Cass 

Christopher J. Guzy 

Karim Kassam 

February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 
March 7, 2015 
March 6, 2016 

February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 
March 7, 2015 
March 6, 2016 

February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 
March 7, 2015 
March 6, 2016 

February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 
March 7, 2015 
March 6, 2016 

February 23, 2014 
March 7, 2014 
February 22, 2015 
March 7, 2015 
March 6, 2016 

133,136 
284,283 
133,136 
204,918 
204,918 

31,952 
64,812 
31,952 
45,765 
45,765

31,952 
64,812 
31,952 
 45,765 
45,765 

31,952 
64,812 
31,952 
45,765 
45,765 

6,903 
12,295 
6,903 
12,295 
12,295 

34

PENSION PLAN BENEFITS 

None of the Named Executive Officers participate in a Corporation-sponsored Defined Benefits Plan 
or  Defined  Contribution  Plan,  nor  do  they  receive  contributions  to  any  such  plan  on  their  behalf  from  the 
Corporation.

TERMINATION AND CHANGE OF CONTROL BENEFITS 

Employment Contracts 

Ballard  employs  a  standard-form  executive  employment  agreement  which  all  of  our  Named 
Executive Officers have executed.  These agreements have indefinite terms, provide for payments to be made 
on termination and otherwise include standard industry terms and conditions, including intellectual property, 
confidentiality, and non-competition and non-solicitation provisions in favour of Ballard. 

The annual salary paid to each of our Named Executive Officers under their employment agreements for 
2013 was as follows: Mr. Sheridan received C$530,000, Mr. Guglielmin received C$310,000, Dr. Guzy 
received C$310,000, Mr. Cass received C$265,000 and Mr. Kassam received C$200,000. 

Pursuant  to  these  employment  agreements,  we  can  terminate  a  Named  Executive  Officer’s 
employment immediately, without any required period of notice or payment in lieu thereof, for just cause, 
upon the death of the executive, or if the executive does not renew any required work permits.  In every other 
circumstance for Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Guglielmin, Dr. Guzy and Mr. Cass, other than one following a change 
of  control,  we  are  required  to  provide  notice  of  12  months  plus  one  month  for  every  year  of  employment 
completed with us, to a maximum of 24 months, or payment in lieu of such notice, consisting of the salary, 
bonus and other benefits that would have been earned during such notice period. In the same circumstances 
for Mr. Kassam we are required to provide notice of 6 months plus one month for every year of employment 
completed with us, to a maximum of 18 months, or payment in lieu of the salary and benefits. 

All  of  the  employment  contracts  for  the  Named  Executive  Officers  include  a  "double-trigger"  in 
relation  to  a  change  of  control  –  if  the  executive’s  employment  is  terminated  (including  a  constructive 
dismissal)  within  2  years  following  the  date  of  a  change  of  control,  the  executive  is  entitled  to  a  payment 
equivalent to payment in lieu of a 24 month notice period.  For these purposes, a "change of control" under 
the employment agreements is defined as occurring when: 

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

a person or persons acting in concert acquires at least one-half of Ballard’s shares; 

the  persons  who  comprise  the  Board  of  Ballard  do  not  consist  of  a  majority  of 
persons who were previously directors of Ballard, or who were recommended to the 
shareholders for election to the Board by a majority of the Directors; 

there  is  a  disposition  of  all  or  substantially  all  of  Ballard’s  assets  to  an  entity  in 
which Ballard does not have a majority interest; or 

Ballard  is  involved  in  any  business  combination  that  results  in  Ballard’s 
shareholders owning less than one-half of the voting shares of the combined entity. 

In addition, the CEO’s employment agreement includes an additional element in a Change of Control 
situation, whereby the 2nd trigger can be initiated should he no longer be included on the slate of directors in 
the annual Management Proxy Circular. 

Equity-Based Compensation Plans 

The Option Plan provides that, if a participant ceases to be an employee of Ballard or its subsidiaries 
(other than by reason of death/disability or being retired), he or she will have up to 90 days, in the event of 
termination other than for just cause, or 30 days, in the event of voluntary resignation, in which to exercise 
his or her vested options (in each case subject to extension if the option would otherwise expire during, or 
within 9 business days after the end of, a blackout period).  In the event of termination other than for just 
cause, the CEO has the discretion to extend the exercise period to up to one year after the optionee ceases to 

35

work for Ballard and to accelerate the vesting of unvested options that would have otherwise vested during 
that period in the next year (in effect, enabling the continuance of the options during a notice period). 

All Ballard RSUs awarded under either the SDP or the Market Purchase RSU Plan expire on the last 
day  on  which  the  participant  works  for  Ballard  or  any  of  its  subsidiaries  (other  than  by  reason  of 
death/disability or being retired). 

DSUs will be redeemed for Shares under the SDP by no later than December 31 of the first calendar 
year commencing after the holder’s employment with Ballard and its subsidiaries is terminated, except in the 
case of US holders, whose DSUs will be redeemed for Shares approximately 6 months after termination of 
employment. 

The Option Plan provides for the acceleration of vesting of options upon a change of control, which 

is defined as: 

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

a person making a take-over bid that could result in that person or persons acting in 
concert acquiring at least two-thirds of Ballard’s shares and in respect of which the 
Board approves the acceleration of options; 

any  person  or  persons  acting  in  concert  acquiring  at  least  two-thirds  of  the 
outstanding Shares; 

there  is  a  disposition  of  all  or  substantially  all  of  Ballard’s  assets  to  an  entity  in 
which Ballard does not have a majority interest; 

Ballard  joins  in  any  business  combination  that  results  in  Ballard’s  shareholders 
owning one-third or less of the voting shares of the combined entity and Ballard is 
privatized  (or  the  parties  to  the  business  combination  have  publicly  expressed  an 
intention to privatize Ballard); or 

(e)

any other transaction, a consequence of which is to privatize Ballard is approved by 
Ballard security holders or, if such approval is not required, is approved by Ballard. 
If an accelerated vesting event occurs, any outstanding option may be exercised at any time before the 60th
day after such event. 

Under the SDP and the Market Purchase RSU Plan, the occurrence of any of the accelerated vesting 
events described above triggers (subject to Board approval in the case of a take-over bid) the termination of 
the  restriction  period  applicable  to  RSUs  such  that  holders  will  become  immediately  entitled  to  receive 
Shares  in  respect  of  their  RSUs  (subject  to  satisfaction  of  any  performance  criteria  or  other  conditions 
specified in the award). 

The following table shows, for each Named Executive Officer, the amount such person would have 
been  entitled  to  receive  if  on  December  31,  2013:  their  employment  was  terminated  without  just  cause;  a 
change  of  control  occurred;  or,  their  employment  was  terminated  without  just  cause  and  that  termination 
occurred following a change in control.  

36

Named Executive Officer 

Termination of Employment (2)
(CDN$)(1)

Change of Control (3)
(CDN$)(1)

Termination of Employment 
following Change of Control 
(CDN$)(1)

Triggering Event (as of December 31, 2013) 

John W. Sheridan 

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting 

Total

Tony Guglielmin 

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting 

Total

Christopher J. Guzy 

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting

Total

Paul Cass 

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting 

Total

Karim Kassam

Severance 

Other benefits 

Accelerated vesting 

Total

$1,510,500 

$73,313 

$0 

$1,583,813 

$620,000 

$54,640 

$0 

$674,640 

$826,667 

$98,545 

$0 

$925,212 

$530,000 

$98,146 

$0 

$628,146 

$100,000 

$18,600 

$0 

$118,600 

$0 

$0 

$1,594,099 

$1,594,099 

$0 

$0 

$354,596 

$354,596 

$0 

$0 

$377,573 

$377,573 

$0 

$0 

$368,096 

$368,096 

$0 

$0 

$88,363 

$88,363 

$1,908,000 

$117,606 

$0 

$2,025,606 

$992,000 

$112,424 

$0 

$1,104,424 

$992,000 

$143,254 

$0 

$1,135,254 

$848,000 

$182,034 

$0 

$1,030,034 

$620,000 

$37,200 

$0 

$657,200 

(1)  All values are in Canadian dollars. 

(2)  Based on accrued service to December 31, 2013.  

(3)  All options and RSUs vest immediately upon a change of control.  Value shown equals, in the case of RSUs, the price of the underlying Shares 
on December 31, 2013 multiplied by the number of RSUs. Value shown in the case of Options is the difference between the market price on 
December 31, 2013 and the exercise price for options, for those options where the market price on that date is greater than the exercise price. 

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Our CGCC (and the Corporate Governance Committee prior to July 1, 2013) has the responsibility 
for determining compensation for our Directors.  The committee has determined that the principal method of 
compensating  Directors  should  be  through  an  annual  retainer  and  meeting  fees.    Directors  have  not  been 
issued any stock options in the last 5 years, and there is no current intention to do so in the future. 

The  objective  of  the  committee  is  to  ensure  that  the  annual  retainer  and  meeting  fees  paid  to 
Directors is commensurate with the high quality of candidates Ballard has enjoyed in the past and expects in 
the future.  As a result, the committee seeks to provide compensation for directors at approximately the 50% 
mark  for  the  comparator  group  of  North  American  companies.    The  committee  retains  independent 
compensation  consultants  for  professional  advice  and  as  a  source  of  competitive  market  information.  In 

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2011,  the  committee  retained  Towers  Watson  to  provide  independent  compensation  analysis  and  advice 
related to director compensation.  Based on Towers Watson’s report in December 2011, which utilized the 
same comparator group of companies as those used for the Executive Compensation benchmarking study, the 
compensation  provided  to  directors  is  slightly  lower  than  the  50%  mark.    In  2009,  in  support  of  the 
Corporation's  cost  reduction  initiatives,  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Committee,  the  Board  decided  to 
reduce  the  retainer  fees  for  both  the  Chair  and  other  Board  members.    The  Board  Chair  also  voluntarily 
decided  to  forego  meeting  fees  for  Board  meetings,  effectively  making  his  annual  retainer  an  'all-in'  fee. 
Effective  June  1,  2012,  based  on  the  Towers  Watson  report  the  Board  raised  its  retainer  fees  to  better 
approximate  the  median  of  the  market  comparators.    At  the  same  time,  the  use  of  DSUs  as  partial 
compensation for Board and committee retainers was reinstituted. This fee structure continued in 2013. 

We  remunerate  directors  who  are  not  executive  officers  for  services  to  the  Board,  committee 
participation  and  special  assignments.    The  following  table  describes  the  compensation  of  independent 
directors:

Annual Retainer  (Non-Executive Chair of the Board)  

Annual Retainer  (Director) 

Annual Retainer  (Committee Chairs)  

Committee Meeting Attendance Fee (per meeting)  

Board Meeting Attendance Fee (per meeting)  

C$(1)

$140,000

$65,000 

$10,000 

$1,500 

$1,500 

At the discretion of the Chair, a meeting fee may be paid to independent directors for meetings that 

the director is requested or required to attend that are not official meetings of the Board or committees. 

Directors are also reimbursed for travel and other reasonable expenses incurred in connection with 
fulfilling their duties.  If a meeting or group of meetings is held on a continent other than the continent on 
which  an  independent  director  is  resident,  that  director  will  receive  an  additional  fee  of  U.S.$2,250  (or 
C$2,250 in the case of a non-United States resident), in recognition of the additional time required to travel 
to and from the meeting or meetings. 

In 2013, compensation was earned by the directors as follows(1):

Compensation 

Director 

Board Retainer 
(CDN$) 

Committee 
Retainer 
(CDN$) 

Board and 
Committee 
Attendance Fees  
(CDN$) 

Total 
Compensation 
(CDN$) 

Ian A. Bourne 

140,000 

Douglas P. Hayhurst 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

Dr. C.S. Park 

Carol M. Stephenson 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Ian Sutcliffe 

65,000 

65,000 

28,806 

65,000 

65,000 

37,917 

N/A 

0

10,000 

0

10,000 

5,000 

0

N/A

21,000 

24,000

6,382

19,500 

24,000

15,000

140,000 

86,000 

99,000 

35,188 

94,500 

94,000 

52,917 

(1)  All figures are in Canadian dollars.  However, the compensation paid to Dr. Park was actually paid in United States dollars and converted 
into Canadian dollars for the purpose of the table above using the Bank of Canada noon rate of exchange on December 31, 2013.  The 
United States dollar amounts paid to Dr. Park in respect of Board Retainer, Committee Retainer, and Board and Committee Attendance
Fees were US$27,083, US$0 and US$6,000, respectively.   

38

Historically,  we  have  satisfied  our  Chair’s  annual  retainer  by  utilizing  up  to  1/3  cash  and  the 
remainder  in  equity-based  compensation,  and  our  Directors’  annual  retainers  by  utilizing  100%  in  equity-
based compensation.  In 2003, we ceased the practice of annual grants of share options to our independent 
Directors.

Commencing on June 1, 2012, the mix of cash and compensation was adjusted, such that the Chair 
now receives 50% cash and 50% DSUs for his annual retainer, with the other directors receiving Committee 
Chair fees 100% in DSUs and annual retainer fees in a cash/DSU mix (approx. 40%/60%, with the individual 
option to elect a greater portion of DSUs). 

Directors  are  entitled  to  participate  in  the  deferred  share  unit  section  for  directors  (the  "DSU  Plan 
for Directors") in the SDP.  Each DSU is convertible into one Share. The number of DSUs to be credited to 
a  Director  is  determined  quarterly  by  dividing  the  amount  of  the  eligible  remuneration  to  be  deferred  into 
DSUs  by  the  fair  market  value  per  Share,  being  a  price  not  less  than  the  closing  sale  price  at  which  the 
Shares are traded on the TSX (in respect of a DSU issued or to be issued to a person who is resident in any 
country  other  than  the  U.S.)  or  NASDAQ  (in  respect  of  a  DSU  issued  or  to  be  issued  to  a  person  who  is 
resident in the U.S.) on the trading day before the relevant date.  For the Directors, DSUs are credited to an 
account maintained for each eligible person by Ballard at the time specified by the Board (DSUs are granted 
in equal instalments over the course of a year, at the end of each quarter).  However, a DSU is not redeemed 
until the Director leaves the Board, and its value on redemption will be based on the value of our Shares at 
that time. The SDP or any successor plans will be used to satisfy the redemption of DSUs issued pursuant to 
the DSU Plan for Directors.

INCENTIVE PLAN AWARDS 

The following table sets forth all option-based and share-based awards granted to our non-executive 

directors that are outstanding as of December 31, 2013.  

Outstanding Share-Based Awards and Option-Based Awards 
(as of December 31, 2013) 

Option-Based Awards

Number of Securities 
Underlying
Unexercised Options 

Option Exercise Price(1)
(CDN$) 

Option Expiration Date 

Value of Unexercised 
In-The-Money 
Options(2)
(CDN$) 

0

0

0

0

0

0

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

(cid:326)

Name 

Ian A. Bourne 

Doug Hayhurst 

Edwin J. Kilroy 

Carol Stephenson 

David B. Sutcliffe 

Ian Sutcliffe 

(1)  All figures are in Canadian dollars.   

(2) 

This amount is based on the difference between the closing price of the Shares underlying the options on the TSX as at December 31, 2013, and 
the exercise price of the option.  Where the difference is a negative number the value is deemed to be 0. 

No  incentive  plan  awards  vested  for,  or  were  earned  by,  our  Directors  during  the  year  ended 

December 31, 2013.  

Directors are not permitted to hedge the market value of the Corporation securities they hold. 

39

 
SECURITIES AUTHORIZED FOR ISSUANCE UNDER EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS 

The following table sets out, as of December 31, 2013, the number of securities we are authorized to 
issue  under  our  equity-based  compensation  plans  and  the  relevant  exercise  prices  at  which  such  securities 
may be issued.  

Number of Securities to be 
Issued Upon Exercise of 
Outstanding Options, 
Warrants and Rights (#) 
(a) 

Weighted -Average Exercise 
Price of Outstanding 
Options, Warrants and 
Rights (CDN$) 
(b) 

Number of Securities Remaining 
Available for Future Issuance 
Under Equity Compensation 
Plans excluding securities 
reflected in column (a) 
(c) 

8,690,851(1) 

Nil 

8,690,851 

2.17 

N/A 

2.17 

2,322,539 

N/A 

2,322,539 

Plan Category 

Equity-based compensation plans 
approved by security holders 

Equity-based compensation plans 
not approved by security holders 

Total

(1) 

Shares issuable under the DSU Plan for Directors and the DSU Plan for Executive Officers (together, the "DSU Plans") will be satisfied 
with Shares reserved under the SDP or any successor plan.  

For a detailed description of our equity-based compensation plans, see Appendix "B" and "C" of this 

Management Proxy Circular. 

INTEREST OF INFORMED PERSONS IN MATERIAL TRANSACTIONS 

To the best of our knowledge, no informed person, proposed director or person who has been a director or 
executive  officer  of  the  Corporation  (or  any  associate  of  affiliate  of  such  persons)  had  any  interest  in  any 
material transactions during the past year or has any interest in any material transaction to be considered at 
the Meeting, except as disclosed in this Management Proxy Circular.  

INDEBTEDNESS OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 

In  compliance  with  Sarbanes-Oxley,  we  do  not  make  or  arrange  personal  loans  to  directors  or 
executive  officers.    As  of  April  11,  2014,  our  current or  former  directors,  officers  and  employees  have  no 
outstanding indebtedness to the Corporation, its subsidiaries or to any other entity and which is guaranteed 
by the Corporation or its subsidiaries.  

DIRECTORS’ AND OFFICERS’ LIABILITY INSURANCE 

We  purchase  and  maintain  insurance  for  the  benefit of our directors and officers  for losses arising 
from  claims  against them  for certain actual or alleged wrongful acts they may undertake while performing 
their director or officer function. The total annual premium in respect of our directors’ and officers’ liability 
insurance  program  was  approximately  US$245,000  for  2013  and  US$245,000  for  2012.  The  aggregate 
maximum coverage provided by the policy for all claims, for both directors and officers, in any single policy 
year is US$30 million. In addition to the payment of the premiums, we are accountable for the payment of 
the  policy  deductible  of  US$0  to  US$200,000  per  claim.  We  have  also  agreed  to  indemnify  each  of  our 
directors and officers against all expenses, liability and loss, reasonably incurred or suffered, arising from the 
performance of his or her duties as an officer or director of Ballard.  

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Additional  information  relating  to  us  is  included  in  the  following  public  filings,  which  are 
incorporated  by  reference  (the  "Incorporated  Documents")  into,  and  form  an  integral  part  of,  this 
Management Proxy Circular: 

(cid:120) Annual Information Form dated February 26, 2014; 

40

(cid:120) Audited  Annual  Financial  Statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2013  together  with  the 

auditors’ report thereon; and 

(cid:120) Management's Discussion and Analysis for the year ended December 31, 2013. 

Copies  of  the  Incorporated  Documents  and  all  our  other  public  filings  providing  additional 
information relating to us may be obtained at www.sedar.com or www.sec.gov, or upon request and without 
further charge from either our Corporate Secretary, at 9000 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia, 
Canada V5J 5J8, or by calling our Investor Relations Department at (604) 454-0900. 

PROPOSALS 

Any shareholder who intends to present a proposal at our 2015 annual shareholders’ meeting must 
send the proposal to our Corporate Secretary at 9000 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada 
V5J  5J8.    In  order  for  the  proposal  to  be  included  in  the  proxy  materials  we  send  to  shareholders  for  that 
meeting, the proposal:  

(cid:120) must be received by us no later than January 10, 2015; and 

(cid:120) must comply with the requirements of section 137 of the Canada Business Corporations Act.

We are not obligated to include any shareholder proposal in our proxy materials for the 2015 annual 

shareholders’ meeting if the proposal is received after the January 10, 2015 deadline. 

Our  Board  has  approved  the  contents  and  the  sending  of  this  Management  Proxy  Circular  to  the 

APPROVAL BY THE BOARD 

shareholders of the Corporation. 

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD 

"Kerry Hillier"

Kerry Hillier 
Corporate Secretary 
Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

Dated: April 11, 2014 

41

In this Management Proxy Circular: 

DEFINED TERMS 

"Ballard", "Corporation", "we", "us" and "our" refer to Ballard Power Systems Inc. 

"Beneficial Shareholders" means holders of our Shares that do not hold our Shares in their own name, but 
instead,  whose  Shares  are  held  on  the  Record  Date  by  a  bank,  trust  company,  securities  broker  or  other 
nominee. 

"Board" means the board of directors of Ballard. 

"C$" refers to Canadian currency. 

"CBCA" means the Canadian Business Corporations Act.

"Equity-based Compensation Plans" means the Option Plan and the SDP. 

"DSU" means deferred share unit. 

"$" or "dollars" refer to United States currency unless specifically stated otherwise. 

"Meeting"  means  the  2012  annual  meeting  of  our  Registered  Shareholders  and  includes  any  adjournment 
thereof, unless otherwise indicated. 

"NASDAQ" means the NASDAQ Global Market. 

"Option Plan" means the Corporation’s consolidated share option plan, the principal terms of which are set 
out in Appendix "B". 

"Record Date" means 5:00 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time on April 11, 2014. 

"Registered Shareholders" means registered holders of our Shares on the Record Date.  

"RSU" means restricted share unit. 

"SDP" means the Corporation’s consolidated share distribution plan, the principal terms of which are set out 
in Appendix "C". 

 "SEC" means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission 

"Shares" means common shares without par value in the capital of Ballard. 

"TSX" means the Toronto Stock Exchange. 

"US$" refers to United States currency. 

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APPENDIX "A" 
BOARD MANDATE 

PURPOSE 

The board of directors (the "Board") is responsible for the overall corporate governance of the Corporation.  
It oversees and directs the management of the Corporation’s business and affairs.  In doing so, it must act 
honestly,  in  good  faith,  and  in  the  best  interests  of  the  Corporation.    The  Board  guides  the  Corporation’s 
strategic  direction,  evaluates  the  performance  of  the  Corporation’s  executive  officers,  monitors  the 
Corporation’s financial results, and is ultimately accountable to the Corporation’s shareholders, employees, 
customers,  suppliers,  and  regulators.  Board  members  are  kept  informed  of  the  Corporation’s  operations  at 
meetings  of  the  Board  and  its  committees,  and  through  reports  and  analyses  by,  and  discussions  with, 
management.    The  Board  manages  the  delegation  of  decision-making  authority  to  management  through 
Board resolutions under which management is given authority to transact business, but only within specific 
limits  and  restrictions.    In  this  Mandate,  the  "Corporation"  means  Ballard  Power  Systems  Inc.  and  a 
"director" means a Board member. 

COMPOSITION 

A. As stated in the Articles of the Corporation, the Board will be composed of no fewer than five and no 

more than fifteen directors. 

B. The Board will have a majority of independent directors. 

C. The Board will appoint its own Chair. 

MEETINGS 

D. Meetings of the Board will be held as required, but at least four times a year. 

E. The Board will appoint its own Secretary, who need not be a director.  The Secretary, in conjunction 
with  the  Chair  of  the  Board,  will  draw  up  an  agenda,  which  will  be  circulated  in  advance  to  the 
members of the Board along with the materials for the meeting.  The Secretary will be responsible 
for taking and keeping the Board’s meeting minutes. 

F. As set out in the By-laws of the Corporation, meetings will be chaired by the Chair of the Board, or 

if the Chair is absent, by a member chosen by the Board from among themselves. 

G.

If  all  directors  consent,  and  proper  notice  has  been  given  or  waived,  a  director  or  directors  may 
participate  in  a  meeting  of  the  Board  by  means  of  such  telephonic,  electronic  or  other 
communication  facilities  as  permit  all  persons  participating  in  the  meeting  to  communicate 
adequately  with  each  other,  and  a  director  participating  in  such  a  meeting  by  any  such  means  is 
deemed to be present at that meeting. 

H. The  Board  will  conduct  an  in-camera  session  excluding  management  at  the  end  of  each  Board 

meeting.

I. A majority of directors constitute a quorum. 

J. All  decisions  made  by  the  Board  may  be  made  at  a  Board  meeting  or  evidenced  in  writing  and 
signed  by  all  Board  members,  which  will  be  fully  effective  as  if  it  had  been  made  or  passed  at  a 
Board meeting. 

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DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 

K. Selection of Management 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  appointing  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  ("CEO"),  for  monitoring  and 
evaluating the CEO’s performance, and approving the CEO’s compensation.  Upon recommendation 
of  the  CEO  and  the  Corporate  Governance  &  Compensation  Committee,  the  Board  is  also 
responsible for appointing all officers.   The Board also ensures that adequate plans are in place for 
management development and succession and conducts an annual review of such plans. 

L. Corporate Strategy 

The Board is responsible for reviewing and approving the Corporation’s corporate mission statement 
and corporate strategy on a yearly basis, as well as determining the goals and objectives to achieve 
and  implement  the  corporate  strategy,  while  taking  into  account,  among  other  things,  the 
opportunities and risks of the business.  Each year, the Board meets for a strategic planning session 
to set the plans for the upcoming year.  In addition to the general management of the business, the 
Board expects management to achieve the corporate goals set by the Board, and the Board monitors 
throughout the year the progress made against these goals. 

In  addition,  the  Board  approves  key  transactions,  which  have  strategic  impact  to  the  Corporation, 
such as acquisitions, key collaborations, key supply arrangements, and strategic alliances. Through 
the delegation of signing authorities, the Board is responsible for setting out the types of transactions 
that require approval of the Board before completion. 

M. Fiscal Management and Reporting 

The Board monitors the financial performance of the Corporation and must ensure that the financial 
results are reported: (a) to shareholders and regulators on a timely and regular basis; and (b) fairly 
and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  The Board must also ensure that 
all  material  developments  of  the  Corporation  are  disclosed  to  the  public  on  a  timely  basis  in 
accordance with applicable securities regulations.  In the spring of each year, the Board reviews and 
approves  the  Annual  Report,  which  is  sent  to  shareholders  of  the  Corporation  and  describes  the 
achievements and performance of the Corporation for the preceding year.   

N. Legal Compliance 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  overseeing  compliance  with  all  relevant  policies  and  procedures  by 
which the Corporation operates and ensuring that the Corporation operates at all times in compliance 
with all applicable laws and regulations, and to the highest ethical and moral standards. 

O. Statutory Requirements 

The Board is responsible for approving all matters, which require Board approval as prescribed by 
applicable  statutes  and  regulations,  such  as  payment  of  dividends  and  issuances  of  shares.  
Management ensures that such matters are brought to the attention of the Board as they arise.

P. Formal Board Evaluation 

The  Board,  through  a  process  led  by  the  Corporate  Governance&  Compensation  Committee, 
conducts an annual evaluation and review of the performance of the Board, Board committees, and 
the Chair of the Board.  The Corporate Governance & Compensation Committee reviews the results 
of  such  evaluation  and  together  with  the  Chair  of  the  Board,  discusses  potential  ways  to  improve 
Board effectiveness.  The Corporate Governance& Compensation Committee discusses the results of 
the evaluation and the recommended improvements with the full Board.  The Board also sets annual 
effectiveness  goals  and  tracks  performance  against  those  goals.    In  addition,  each  individual 
director’s performance is evaluated and reviewed regularly. 

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Q. Risk Management 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  identifying  the  Corporation’s  principal  risks  and  ensuring  the 
implementation of appropriate systems to manage these risks.  The Board is also responsible for the 
integrity of the Corporation’s internal controls and management information systems. 

R. External Communications 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  overseeing  the  establishment,  maintenance  and  annual  review  of  the 
Corporation’s  external  communications  policies  which  address  how  the  Corporation  interacts  with 
analysts  and  the  public  and  which  also  contain  measures  for  the  Corporation  to  avoid  selective 
disclosure.  The Board is responsible for establishing a process for receiving shareholder feedback.  
This is achieved through a semi-annual presentation of an investor relations report, which contains a 
summary of the feedback and common enquiries received from shareholders, as well as a Board e-
mail  address,  which  has  been  set  up  for  the  public  to  submit  messages  to  the  Board.

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APPENDIX "B" 
DESCRIPTION OF OPTION PLAN 

All directors, officers and employees of Ballard and its subsidiaries are eligible to participate in the 
Option Plan.  Former Ballard employees who were transferred to AFCC Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation 
Corp. ("AFCC") on January 31, 2008 (the "Transferred Employees") are also permitted to participate in the 
Option  Plan  for  so  long  as  they  remain  employees  of  AFCC.    New  Ballard  options  may  not  be  granted  to 
Transferred Employees under either the Option Plan or the prior option plans. 

As at April 11, 2014, the total number of Shares issued and reserved and authorized for issue under 

the Option Plan was 4,470,994 Shares, representing 3.5% of the issued and outstanding Shares as that date.   

The number of options granted under the Option Plan may adjust if any share reorganization, stock 

dividend or corporate reorganization occurs. 

The Option Plan limits insider participation such that the number of Shares issued to insiders, within 
any one-year period, and issuable to insiders, at any time, under the plan and any other Ballard equity-based 
compensation arrangements, cannot exceed 10% of Ballard’s issued and outstanding Shares.  

In  any  year,  a  non-executive  Director’s  participation  in  all  Ballard  equity-based  compensation 
arrangements is limited to that number of shares (or that number of securities in respect of underlying shares) 
having a value of not more than C$100,000 on the date of grant, excluding any securities issued in respect of 
the non-executive Director’s annual retainer. 

Apart  from  the  limits  on  Shares  issued  or  issuable  to  insiders  and  to  non-executive  Directors, 
described above, the Option Plan does not restrict the number of Shares that can be issued to any one person 
or to Directors. 

The exercise price of a Ballard option will be determined by the Board and is to be no less than the 

closing price per Share on the TSX on the last trading day before the date the option is granted. 

Ballard  options  may  have  a  term  of  up  to  10  years  from  the  date  of  grant,  and  unless  otherwise 
determined by the Board, will vest in equal amounts on the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of 
grant.

If an "accelerated vesting event" occurs, any outstanding option may be exercised at any time before 
the 60th day after such event.  An accelerated vesting event occurs when: (a) a person makes a take-over bid 
that could result in that person or persons acting in concert acquiring at least two-thirds of Shares; (b) any 
person or persons acting in concert acquire at least two-thirds of Shares; (c) there is a disposition of all or 
substantially  all  of  Ballard’s  assets;  (d)  Ballard  joins  in  any  business  combination  that  results  in  Ballard’s 
shareholders owning one-third or less of the voting shares of the combined entity and Ballard is privatized 
(or the parties to the business combination have publicly expressed an intention to privatize Ballard); or (e) 
any other transaction is approved, a consequence of which is to privatize Ballard.    

The Option Plan also contains a "double trigger" in the event of a take-over.  Accordingly, vesting 
will only be accelerated if the Board approves the acceleration.  In such circumstances, the Board will also 
have  the  ability  to  make  such  changes  as  it  considers  fair  and  appropriate,  including  accelerating  vesting, 
otherwise modifying the terms of options to assist the holder to tender into the take-over bid or terminating 
options which have not been exercised prior to the successful completion of the accelerated vesting event. 

Under the Option Plan each option will expire (or no longer be capable of being exercised) on the 

earlier of: 

(a)

the expiration date as determined by the Board, which date will not be more than 10 
years from the date of grant; and 

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(b)

if  the  optionee  is  a  director,  officer  or  employee,  the  optionee  ceases  to  hold  such 
position, except that, an option will be capable of exercise, if the optionee ceases to 
be a director, officer or employee: 

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

because of his or her death, for one year after the optionee dies;  

as a result of voluntary resignation, for 30 days after the last day on which 
the  optionee  ceases  to  be  a  director,  or  the  officer  or  employee  ceases  to 
work for Ballard; or 

other than as a result of voluntary resignation (in the case of a director) or 
termination other than for just cause (in the case of an officer or employee), 
for 90 days after the last day on which the optionee ceases to be a director, 
or  the  officer  or  employee  ceases  to  work  for  Ballard  (although  in  these 
circumstances,  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  has  discretion  to  extend  the 
exercise  period  to  up  to  one  year  after  the  optionee  ceases  to  work  for 
Ballard).

In  the  event  that  the  optionee  dies,  all  previously  unvested  options  vest  and,  in  the  circumstances 
described in (b)(iv) above, the Chief Executive Officer has discretion to accelerate the vesting of unvested 
options that would have otherwise vested in the next year.  In the other circumstances described above, an 
option  is  only  capable  of  being  exercised  in  respect  of  options  that  were  vested  at  the  time  the  optionee 
ceased to be a director or ceased to work for Ballard. 

In the event that an optionee becomes "totally disabled" (as defined in the Option Plan), his or her 
options  will  continue  to  vest  and  be  exercisable  as  they  would  have  had  the  optionee  continued  to  be  a 
director, officer or employee of Ballard. 

Similarly, if an optionee becomes "retired" (as defined in the Option Plan), his or her options will 
continue to vest and be exercisable as they would have had the optionee continued to be a director, officer or 
employee of Ballard. 

If  an  option  would  otherwise  expire  or  cease  to  be  exercisable  during  a  blackout  period  or  within 
nine  business  days  after  the  end  of  a  blackout  period  (that  is,  a  period  during  which  employees  and/or 
directors  cannot  trade  in  securities  of  the  Corporation  because  they  may  be  in  possession  of  insider 
information), the expiry date of the option is extended to the date which is 10 business days after the end of 
the blackout period. 

The Board is entitled to make, at any time, and from time to time, and without obtaining shareholder 

approval, any of the following amendments 

(a)

(b)

amendments to the definitions and other amendments of a clerical nature; 

amendments  to  any  provisions  relating  to  the  granting  or  exercise  of  options, 
including but not limited to provisions relating to the term, termination, amount and 
payment  of  the  subscription  price,  vesting  period,  expiry  or  adjustment  of  options, 
provided that, without shareholder approval, such amendment does not entail: 

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

a change in the number or percentage of Shares reserved for issuance under 
the plan;  

a  reduction  in  the  exercise  price  of  an  option  or  the  cancellation  and 
reissuance of options; 

an extension of the expiry date of an outstanding option; 

an increase to the maximum number of Shares that may be: 

(A)

(B)

issued to insiders within a one-year period; or  

issuable to insiders at any time, 

B-2

under all of Ballard’s equity-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed 
10% of the issued and outstanding Shares at that time; 

(v)

an  increase  in  the  maximum  number  of  securities  that  can  be  granted  to 
directors  (other  than  directors  who  are  also  officers)  under  all  of  Ballard’s 
equity-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed such number 
of  securities  in  respect  of  which  the  underlying  Shares  have  a  Fair  Market 
Value  (as  defined  in  the  plan)  on  the  date  of  grant  of  such  securities  of 
C$100,000; 

(vi)

permitting  options  to  be  transferable  or  assignable  other  than  for  normal 
course estate settlement purposes; or 

(vii)

a change to the amendment provisions of the plan; 

the addition or amendment of terms relating to the provision of financial assistance 
to  optionees  or  resulting  in  optionees  receiving  any  Ballard  securities,  including 
pursuant to a cashless exercise feature; 

any amendment in respect of the persons eligible to participate in the plan, provided 
that, without shareholder approval, such amendment does not permit non-employee 
directors to re-gain participation rights under the plan at the discretion of the Board 
if  their  eligibility  to  participate  had  previously  been  removed  or  increase  limits 
previously imposed on non-employee director participation; 

such amendments as are necessary for the purpose of complying with any changes in 
any  relevant  law,  rule,  regulation,  regulatory  requirement  or  requirement  of  any 
applicable stock exchange or regulatory authority; or 

amendments  to  correct  or  rectify  any  ambiguity,  defective  provision,  error  or 
omission in the plan or in any agreement to purchase options. 

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Options  are  not  assignable  except  as  permitted  by  applicable  regulatory  authorities  in  connection 
with a transfer to an optionee’s registered retirement savings plan or registered retirement income fund or to 
the personal representative of an optionee who has died.   

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APPENDIX"C"
DESCRIPTION OF SDP 

The SDP is a single plan divided into the following three principal sections: 

1.

2.

A  deferred  share  unit  section  for  senior  executives  (the  "DSU  Plan  for  Executive 
Officers").    Under  the  SDP,  DSUs  are  granted  at  the  election  of  each  executive  officer  of 
Ballard who is eligible (as determined by the Board) in partial or full payment of his or her 
annual bonus, which otherwise is paid in Shares. 

A deferred share unit section for directors (the "DSU Plan for Directors").  Under the DSU 
Plan for Directors, each independent outside director elects annually the proportion (0% to 
100%) of his or her annual retainer that he or she wishes to receive in DSUs. 

Under  the  SDP,  DSUs  are  credited  to  an  account  maintained  for  each  eligible  person  by  Ballard.  
Each  DSU  is  convertible  into  one  Share.  The  number  of  DSUs  to  be  credited  to  an  eligible  person  is 
determined on the relevant date by dividing the amount of the eligible remuneration to be deferred into DSUs 
by the fair market value per Share, being a price not less than the closing sale price at which the Shares are 
traded  on  the  TSX  (in  respect  of  a  DSU  issued  or  to  be  issued  to  a  person  who  is  resident  in  any  country 
other than the U.S.) or NASDAQ (in respect of a DSU issued or to be issued to a person who is resident in 
the U.S.) on the trading day before the relevant date.  In the case of the executive officers, the relevant date is 
set by the Board but if such date occurs during a trading blackout, the number of DSUs will be determined on 
the first trading day after the day on which the blackout is lifted.  For directors, DSUs are credited at the time 
specified by the Board (currently DSUs are granted in equal instalments over the course of a year, at the end 
of each quarter).

On any date on which a dividend is paid on the Shares, an eligible person's account will be credited 
with  the  number  of  DSUs  calculated  by:  (i)  multiplying  the  amount  of  the  dividend  per  Share  by  the 
aggregate  number  of  DSUs  that  were  credited  to  that  account  as  of  the  record  date  for  payment  of  the 
dividend; and (ii) dividing the amount obtained in (i) by the fair market value (determined as set out above) 
of Shares on the date on which the dividend is paid.   

A departing director or executive officer may receive Shares in respect of the DSUs credited to that 
person's account (at the ratio of one Share per DSU, subject to the deduction of any applicable withholding 
tax in the case of an eligible person who is a United States citizen or resident for the purpose of United States 
tax).  A DSU, however, cannot be redeemed until such time as the director leaves the Board or the executive 
officer ceases to work for Ballard, and its value on redemption will be based on the value of Shares at that 
time.  All DSUs vest immediately as they are issued in respect of remuneration that would have otherwise 
been paid in Shares or cash.  DSUs do not expire.  Except in the case of death, DSUs can only be assigned 
with consent.  

3.

A  restricted  share  unit  section  (the  "RSU  Plan").  All  employees  (excluding  non-executive 
directors) are eligible to participate in the RSU Plan. 

The vesting of RSUs issued under the SDP occurs up to three years from the date of issuance, subject 
to the achievement of any performance criteria which may be set by the Board and to earlier vesting upon the 
occurrence  of  any  accelerated  vesting  event  (as  defined  in  the  SDP).    Each  RSU  is  convertible  into  one 
Share, which will be issued under the SDP.   

A "double trigger" is included in the event of a take-over.  Accordingly, in the event of a take-over 
the accelerated vesting of an RSU (technically, the shortening of the restriction period) will only occur if the 
Board so determines.  In such circumstances, the Board will also have the ability to make such changes as it 
considers fair and appropriate in the circumstances, including the date on which the restriction period ends or 
otherwise modifying the terms of RSUs to assist the holder to tender into the take-over bid. 

In  addition,  the  Board  has  the  discretion  to  deem  performance  criteria  or  other  conditions  to  have 

been met on the occurrence of an accelerated vesting event. 

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If any performance criteria or other conditions specified in an award of RSUs is not met on or before 
the last day of the restriction period applicable to the relevant grant (usually three years less one day from the 
date of grant), the RSUs will expire and the participant will no longer be entitled to receive any Shares upon 
conversion of those RSUs.   

All  RSUs  awarded  to  a  participant  under  the  SDP  will  also  expire  on  the  last  day  on  which  the 
participant works for Ballard or any of its subsidiaries (or, in the case of a Transferred Employee, AFCC or 
its subsidiaries) except that, 

(a)

(b)

in the event of the participant's death or total disability, the performance criteria and 
conditions  specified  in  the  participant's  award  of  RSUs  will,  unless  otherwise 
specified  in  the  award,  be  deemed  satisfied  and  the  RSUs  will  be  converted  into 
Shares; and 

if the participant is retired, the vesting of RSUs will continue on the same terms as 
they  would  have  had  the  participant  continued  to  be  an  officer  or  employee  of 
Ballard.

RSUs cannot be assigned other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. 

Under  the  SDP,  the  Board  can  elect  to  satisfy  the  conversion  of  RSUs  through  Ballard  Shares 

purchased on the open market. 

As of April 11, 2014, the total number of Shares issued and reserved and authorized for issue under 
the SDP was 1,549,116 Shares, representing 1.2% of the issued and outstanding Shares as of April 11, 2014.  

The  SDP  limits  insider  participation  such  that  the number  of  Shares  issued  to  insiders,  within  any 
one-year  period,  and  issuable  to  insiders,  at  any  time,  under  the  plan  and  any  other  Ballard  equity-based 
compensation arrangements, cannot exceed 10% of Ballard’s issued and outstanding Shares. 

Under  the  SDP,  in  any  year,  a  non-executive  Director’s  participation  in  all  Ballard  equity-based 
compensation  arrangements  is  limited  to  that  number  of  shares  (or  that  number  of  securities  in  respect  of 
underlying shares) having a value of not more than C$100,000 on the date of grant, excluding any securities 
issued in respect of the non-executive Director’s annual retainer. 

The SDP does not limit the number of DSUs that can be issued to executive officers. 

The SDP does not limit the number of RSUs that can be issued to any one participant. 

Apart from the limits on Shares issued or issuable to insiders and non-executive Directors described 
above,  the  SDP  does  not  restrict  the  number  of  Shares  that  can  be  issued  to  any  one  person,  to  executive 
officers or to Directors. 

The SDP permits the Board, without obtaining shareholder approval, to amend any provision of the 
SDP and/or any RSU and/or DSU governed by it (whether outstanding or otherwise) (subject to any stock 
exchange or regulatory requirement at the time of any such amendment) including, without limitation, any of 
the following amendments: 

(a)

(b)

amendments to the definitions and other amendments of a clerical nature; 

amendments  to  any  provisions  relating  to  the  issuance  of  Shares,  granting  or 
conversion of DSUs or RSUs, including but not limited to provisions relating to the 
term,  termination,  and  number  of  DSUs  or  RSUs  to  be  awarded,  provided  that, 
without shareholder approval, such amendment does not entail: 

(i)

(ii)

a change in the number or percentage of Shares reserved for issuance under 
the plan;  

a  reduction  of  the  issue  price  of  the  Shares  issued  under  the  plan  or  the 
cancellation and reissue of Shares; 

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(iii)

(iv)

a reduction to the fair market value used to calculate the number of DSUs to 
be awarded; 

an  extension  of  time  for  redemption  of  a  DSU  or  an  extension  beyond  the 
original restriction period of a RSU; 

(v)

an increase to the maximum number of Shares that may be: 

(A)

(B)

issued to insiders within a one-year period; or  

issuable to insiders at any time, 

under all of Ballard’s equity-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed 
10% of the issued and outstanding Shares at that time; 

(vi)

an  increase  in  the  maximum  number  of  securities  that  can  be  granted  to 
directors  (other  than  directors  who  are  also  officers)  under  all  of  Ballard’s 
equity-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed such number 
of  securities  in  respect  of  which  the  underlying  Shares  have  a  Fair  Market 
Value  (as  defined  in  the  plan)  on  the  date  of  grant  of  such  securities  of 
C$100,000; 

(vii)

permitting  DSUs  or  RSUs  to  be  transferable  or  assignable  other  than  for 
normal course estate settlement purposes; or 

(viii)

a change to the amendment provisions of the plan; 

(c)

any amendment in respect of the persons eligible to participate in the plan  (or any 
part  of  it),  provided  that,  without  shareholder  approval,  such  amendment  does  not 
permit non-employee directors to: 

(i)

(ii)

participate as holders of RSUs at the discretion of the Board; 

re-gain participation rights under any section of the plan at the discretion of 
the  Board  if  their  eligibility  (as  a  class)  to  participate  had  previously  been 
removed; or  

(iii)

increase limits previously imposed on non-employee director participation; 

(d)

(e)

such amendments as are necessary for the purpose of complying with any changes in 
any  relevant  law,  rule,  regulation,  regulatory  requirement  or  requirement  of  any 
applicable stock exchange or regulatory authority; or 

amendments  to  correct  or  rectify  any  ambiguity,  defective  provision,  error  or 
omission  in  the  plan  or  in  any  option  agreement,  notice  to  redeem  DSUs  or  RSU 
agreement. 

C-3

FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

Consolidated Financial Statements 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of Ballard Power 
Systems Inc. (“Ballard”, “the Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is prepared as at February 25, 
2014 and should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements 
and  accompanying  notes  for  the  year ended  December  31,  2013. The  results  reported 
herein  are  presented  in  U.S. dollars  unless  otherwise  stated  and  have  been  prepared  in 
accordance  with  International
Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”). Additional 
information  relating  to  the  Company,  including  our Annual  Information  Form,  is filed  with
Canadian (www.sedar.com) and U.S. securities regulatory authorities (www.sec.gov) and is
also available on our website at www.ballard.com.

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

At Ballard, we are building a clean energy growth company. We are recognized as a world 
leader in proton exchange membrane (“PEM”) fuel cell development and commercialization. 
Our principal business is the design, development, manufacture, sale, service and license of 
fuel cell products for a variety of applications, focusing on our “commercial stage” markets 
of Telecom Backup Power and Material Handling and on our “development stage” markets 
of  Bus  and  Distributed  Generation,  as  well  as  the  provision  of  Engineering  Services  for  a 
variety of fuel cell applications.

A fuel cell is an environmentally clean electrochemical device that combines hydrogen fuel 
with oxygen (from the air) to produce electricity. The hydrogen fuel can be obtained from 
natural  gas,  kerosene,  methanol  or  other  hydrocarbon  fuels,  or  from  water  through 
electrolysis.  Ballard fuel  cell  products  feature  high  fuel  efficiency,  low  operating 
temperature, low noise and vibration, compact size, quick response to changes in electrical 
demand,  modular  design  and  environmental  cleanliness. Embedded  in  each  Ballard  PEM 
fuel cell product lies a stack of unit cells designed with our proprietary esenciaTM technology 
which draws on intellectual property from our patent portfolio together with our extensive 
experience in  key  areas  of  fuel  cell  stack  operation,  system  integration,  and  fuel 
processing.

We provide our customers with the positive economic and environmental benefits unique to 
fuel cell power. We plan to build value for our shareholders by developing, manufacturing, 
selling and servicing industry-leading fuel cell products to meet the needs of our customers 
in  select  target  markets.  Our  focus  is  on  leveraging  the  inherent  reliability  and  durability 
derived  from  our  legacy  automotive  technology  into  non-automotive  markets  where 
demand is near term and on our core competencies of PEM fuel cell design, development, 
manufacture, sales and service.

Our  business  strategy  is  a  three-pronged  approach  to  build  shareholder  value  through 
product sales, engineering services, and licensing. In product sales, our focus is to leverage 
our  product  leadership  and  early  mover  positioning  in  the  Telecom  Backup  Power  and 
Material  Handling  markets.  Through  engineering  services,  our  strategy  is  to  leverage  our 
technical  capabilities  and  intellectual  property,  working  with  lead  customers  in  profitable 
contract  programs  which  could  result  in  additional  product  sales  opportunities.  Our 
approach  to  licensing  is  to  monetize  our  extensive  intellectual  property  portfolio  and 
fundamental  knowledge  in  ways  that  establish  new  customer  relationships  as  well  as 
opportunities  in  new  markets.  To  support  our  business  strategy  and  our  capability  to 
execute  on  our  clean  energy  growth  priorities,  we  have  also  focused  our  efforts  on 
bolstering our cash reserves in addition to continued efforts on both product cost reduction 
and managing our operating expense base including overall expense reductions, the pursuit 

Page 1 of 38

of  government  funding  for  our  research  and  product  development  efforts,  and  the 
redirection of engineering resources to revenue generating engineering service projects. 

We  are  based  in  Canada,  with  head  office,  research  and  development,  testing  and 
manufacturing facilities in Burnaby, British Columbia. We also use a contract manufacturing 
facility in  Tijuana,  Mexico,  have research  and  development  facilities  in  Oregon  and 
Maryland, U.S.A., and have a sales, manufacturing, and research and development facility
in Hobro, Denmark.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

On  February  25,  2014, Ballard’s  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer,  John  Sheridan,
informed  the  Board  of  Directors  of  his  intention  to  retire  by  the  end  of  2014.  Ballard’s 
Board of Directors has established a search committee and expects to have the new Chief 
Executive  Officer  in  place  and  the  transition  process  completed  by  the  fourth  quarter  of 
2014.

On  November  27,  2013,  all  of  the  convertible  debt  issued  by  our  subsidiary  Dantherm 
Power  to  Ballard  and  the  non-controlling  interests  in  Dantherm  Power  was  exercised  and 
converted  into  shares  of  Dantherm  Power.  The  conversion  did  not  impact  the  respective 
ownership  of  Dantherm  Power  with Ballard  retaining  a  52%  ownership  interest  as 
compared  to  a  38%  interest  held  by  Dantherm  A/S  and  a  10%  interest  held  by  Azure 
Hydrogen  Energy  Science  and  Technology  Corporation  (“Azure”).  On  conversion,  the 
convertible  debt  held  by  the  non-controlling  interests,  Dantherm  A/S  and  Azure,  totaling 
$3.5 million was reclassified on Ballard’s statement of financial position from debt to equity.

On  October  9,  2013,  we  closed  an  underwritten  offering  (“October  Offering”)  of  10.35 
million  units  at  a  price  of  $1.40 per  unit  for  gross  October  Offering  proceeds  of  $14.5 
million. Each unit in the October Offering was comprised of one common share and 0.25 of 
a warrant to purchase  one common share. Each whole warrant is exercisable immediately 
upon  issuance,  having  a  five-year  term  and  an  exercise  price  of  $2.00  per  share. 
Net  proceeds  from  the  October  Offering  were  approximately  U.S.  $13.1 million,  after 
deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering expenses.

On  September  26,  2013 (and  further  to  the non-binding  Memorandum  of  Understanding 
announced on May 28, 2013), we completed multi-year definitive agreements (“Azure Bus 
Licensing  Agreement”)  with  Azure  to  support  Azure’s  zero  emission  fuel  cell  bus  program 
for the China market. Azure plans to partner with Chinese bus manufacturers in a phased 
development  program  for  deployment  of  zero  emission  fuel  cell  buses  in  China,  using
Ballard’s world leading fuel cell technology. For the first phase of the program, Ballard has 
agreed  to  provide  a  license,  associated  equipment  and  engineering  services  to  enable 
assembly  of  Ballard’s  FCvelocity®-HD7  bus  power  modules  by  Azure  in  China.  Once this 
assembly capability is established, Azure will assemble modules with fuel cell stacks to be 
supplied exclusively by Ballard. The expected value of the contract to Ballard over the initial 
12-months  of  the  first  phase  will  be  approximately  $11  million,  related  to  the  license  for 
module assembly together with associated equipment and engineering  services. If Azure’s 
China bus program progresses as planned, the contract will generate value beyond the $11 
million  license  revenue,  commensurate  with  the  volume  of  fuel  cell  stacks  to  be  ordered. 
Azure  plans  to  secure  funding  from  Chinese  sources,  including  both  private  investors and 
governments,  to  enable  the  development  of  fuel  cell  bus  fleets  in  China  for  initial  public 
transit  service  by  2015.  Amounts earned  from  the  Azure  Bus  Licensing  Agreement 
(approximately  $4 million in  the  fourth quarter  of  2013 and  $7  million  in 2014)  are 
recorded  as  either  Bus  or  Engineering  Services  revenues depending  on  the  nature  of  the 

Page 2 of 38

work performed.

On  March  31,  2013,  our  subsidiary  Dantherm  Power  completed  an  agreement  whereby 
Azure acquired a 10%  ownership position in Dantherm Power for proceeds of $2.0 million 
to  Dantherm  Power.  The  $2.0  million  investment  consisted  of  the  issuance  of  Dantherm 
Power  share  capital  of  $1.4  million  and  Dantherm  Power  convertible  debentures  of  $0.6 
million (which  was  subsequently  converted  to  Dantherm  Power  share  capital in  November 
2013).  Following  the  transaction in  March  2013,  Ballard’s  ownership  position in  Dantherm 
Power was reduced from 57% to 52% while still retaining control over Dantherm Power.

On  March  28,  2013,  we  completed  an  agreement  with  Anglo  American  Platinum  Limited 
(“Anglo”) under which Anglo invested $4.0 million in Ballard through its PGM Development 
Fund.  The  investment  was  in  the  form  of  a  $4.0  million,  5-year,  non-interest  bearing 
convertible promissory note (“Note”) issued by Ballard. The Note may be repaid in the form 
of Ballard common shares with Anglo having the option of repayment in common shares on 
or  before  the  loan  maturity  date  of  April  1,  2018.  Any  Ballard  common  shares  issued  on 
conversion  or  repayment  would  be  at  a  fixed  price  of  $0.84  per  share  (or  4.76  million 
Ballard  common  shares  on  conversion  or  repayment  of  the  entire  $4.0  million  Note).  This 
issue price was set at a 20% discount to the market price of the Ballard common shares on 
the  closing  date  of  the  transaction.  The  entire  $4.0  million  Note  has  been  classified  as  an 
equity instrument and is recorded in Contributed Surplus.

On  March  26,  2013,  we  closed  on  an  underwritten  offering  (“March  Offering”)  of  7.275 
million units at a price of $1.10 per unit for gross March Offering proceeds of $8.0 million. 
Each  unit  in  the  March  Offering  was  comprised  of  one  common  share  and  one  warrant  to 
purchase  one  common  share.  Each  warrant  is  exercisable  immediately  upon  issuance, 
having  a  five-year  term  and  an  exercise  price  of  $1.50  per  share.  Net  proceeds  from  the 
March  Offering  were  approximately  $6.8  million,  after  deducting  underwriting  discounts, 
commissions  and  other  offering  expenses,  legal  and  accounting  fees,  and  previously 
incurred costs related to the 2012 base shelf prospectus under which the units were issued.

On  March  6,  2013,  we  completed  an  agreement  with    Volkswagen  Group  (“Volkswagen”) 
for  an engineering  services  contract  to  advance  development  of  fuel  cells  for  use  in 
powering  demonstration  cars  in  Volkswagen’s  fuel  cell  automotive  research  program.  The 
contract term is 4 years commencing in March 2013, with an option for a 2 year extension. 
The expected contract value is in the range of approximately $60 - $100 million Canadian. 
Amounts  earned  from  this  agreement  (approximately  $3 million  in  the  fourth  quarter  of 
2013 and $13 million in 2013) are recorded primarily as Engineering Services revenues.

On January 31, 2013, we completed an agreement to sell substantially all of the assets in 
our  Lowell,  Massachusetts  based  Material  Products  division for  gross  cash  proceeds  of 
$10.5 million (on the delivery of net working capital of $3.7 million) and additional potential 
proceeds  of up to $1.5  million. The additional potential proceeds of up to $1.5 million are 
payable  in  2014  and  2015  through  a  product  credit  for  fuel  cell  gas  diffusion  layers 
(“GDLs”) if the former Material Products division attains certain financial results in 2013. As 
the additional potential proceeds are currently unknown and contingent in nature, they are 
not  recorded  in  our  financial  statements  until  actually  realized.  Excluding  any  potential 
contingent  gain  from  the  additional  proceeds,  net  proceeds  from  the  sale  were 
approximately  $9.1 million  after  deducting  for  working  capital  adjustments,  broker 
commissions and expenses, and legal and other expenses. The Material Products segment 
was classified  as  a  discontinued  operation  in  our  2012  and  2013  year  end  consolidated 
financial statements.

Page 3 of 38

On  January  15,  2013,  we  reached  an  agreement  with  Technology  Partnerships  Canada 
(“TPC”) to terminate all existing and future potential royalties payable in respect of future 
sales of fuel cell based stationary power products under the Utilities Development Program 
(Phase  2)  in  exchange  for  a  final  repayment  to  TPC  of  $1.9  million Canadian. Under  the 
terms  of  the  Utilities  Development  Program  (Phase  2)  with  TPC,  total  royalties  were 
payable  annually  at  4%  of  revenue  of  such  products  and  limited  to  a  total  maximum 
repayment  of  $38.3  million Canadian. On  settlement  with  TPC  on  January  15,  2013,  we 
recorded a charge of ($1.2) million to Finance income (loss) representing the excess of the 
settlement  amount  of  $1.9  million  over  royalty  amounts  accrued  as  of  the  date  of 
settlement  of  $0.7  million.  The  $1.9  million  settlement  was paid in  four  equal  quarterly 
installments of $0.48 million starting on January 31, 2013.

On  August  1,  2012,  we  completed  an  agreement  to  acquire  key  assets  and  product  lines 
from IdaTech LLC (“Idatech”), a former customer of Ballard. In exchange for $7.5 million of 
Ballard common shares issued from treasury (7.1 million Ballard shares valued at $1.05 per 
share  based  on  our  share  price  as  of the  acquisition  date),  we  acquired  Idatech’s key 
assets  including  fuel  cell  systems  inventory,  prepaid  rights  to  inventory, product  lines  for 
backup  power  applications,  distributor  and  customer  relationships,  a license  to  intellectual 
property, the  right  to  assume  control  of  a  contract  manufacturing  facility  in  Tijuana, 
Mexico,  and  certain  property,  plant  and  equipment.  Acquired  fuel  cell  systems  inventory,
prepaid  rights  to  inventory, product  lines  and  intellectual  property  consist  of  both  direct 
hydrogen  units  as  well  as  methanol  fuelled  units  and  are  designed for  deployment as 
emergency  backup  power in  the  networks  of  wireless  telecom  service  providers.  The 
methanol systems incorporate a fuel reformer to extract hydrogen to be used as feedstock 
for the fuel cells from a mixture of methanol and water. In January 2013, Ballard exercised 
its right to assume control of Idatech’s contract manufacturing facility in Tijuana, Mexico.

In  July  2012,  we  completed  a  7%  workforce  reduction  and  an  overall  curtailment  of 
discretionary  spending  designed to  have  a  minimal  impact  on  key  product  development 
initiatives and our manufacturing capabilities. Total restructuring and related costs of $1.6 
million  has  been  recorded  in  general  and  administration  expense  in  our  third  quarter  of 
2012 financial results. 

In  June  2011,  we  obtained  a  $7.0  million Canadian (revised  to  $7.3 million  Canadian in 
December  2012) award  agreement  from Sustainable  Development  Technology  Canada 
(“SDTC”) for the period from 2011 to 2013 (extended to December 2014) for extending the 
operating life and lower the product cost of FCgen™-1300, the fuel cell product that powers 
Ballard’s  CLEARgen™  distributed  generation  system.  This  award  is  in  addition  to  a  $4.8 
million  Canadian  (revised  to  $6.9  million  Canadian  in  June  2012)  award  agreement  from
SDTC announced in 2010 for the period from 2010 to 2012 (extended to November 2013)
for helping  to develop  the  FCvelocity®-HD7,  Ballard’s  next-generation  of  fuel  cell  power 
module  designed  specifically  for  integration  into  bus  applications and  reflecting improved 
durability  and  reliability  as  well  as  a  significant  reduction  in  cost. These awards  are
recorded primarily as a cost offset against our research and product development expenses 
as the expenses are incurred on these programs.

OPERATING SEGMENTS

We  report  our  results  in  the  single  operating  segment  of  Fuel  Cell  Products and Services.
Our Fuel Cell Products and Services segment consists of the sale, service and license of fuel 
cell  products  for  our  “commercial  stage”  markets  of  Telecom  Backup  Power  and  Material 
Handling  and for  our  “development  stage”  markets  of  Bus  and  Distributed  Generation,  as 
well as the provision of Engineering Services for a variety of fuel cell applications.

Page 4 of 38

As a result of the disposition of our Materials Products segment  on January 31, 2013, the 
former  Material  Products  segment  has  been  classified  as  a discontinued  operation  in  our 
2013  and  2012  consolidated  financial  statements.  As  such,  the  operating  results  of  the 
former Material Products segment for January 2013 and for 2012 have been removed from 
our  results  from  continuing  operations  and  are  instead  presented  separately  in  the 
statement  of  comprehensive  income  as  income  from  discontinued  operations.  The  former 
Materials  Product  segment  sold  carbon 
for  automotive 
transmissions, and GDL’s for fuel cells. 

fiber  products  primarily 

SELECTED ANNUAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

Results of Operations

Year ended,

2013

2012

2011

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share 

amounts and gross margin %) 

From continuing operations 

Revenues 

Gross margin 

Gross margin % 

Cash Operating Costs (1)

Adjusted EBITDA (1)

Normalized Net Loss (1)

Normalized Net Loss per share

Net loss from continuing operations attributable to Ballard 

Net loss per share attributable to Ballard, basic and diluted 

From discontinued operations 

Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations

Net earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations 

Financial Position 

(expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars) 

Assets from continuing operations 

Assets from discontinued operations 

Total assets  

Cash and cash equivalents 

Short-term investments 

Bank operating line

$

$

$

$ 

$ 

$

$ 

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

61,251 

16,759 

27% 

28,306 

(8,188) 

(18,278) 

(0.18)

(19,988) 

(0.20)

24 

- 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$

$ 

$

$ 

$ 

43,690 

7,369 

17% 

$ 

$ 

55,773

7,279

13%

30,301 

$ 

36,969

(22,076)  $  (27,913)

(31,750)  $  (35,448)

(0.36) 

$ 

(0.42)

(42,320)  $  (37,175)

(0.48) 

$ 

(0.44)

(65) 

$ 

3,755

- 

$ 

0.04

At December 31,

2013

2012

2011

120,214 

- 

120,214 

30,301 

- 

- 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

116,749 

$  165,290

10,798 

$ 

-

127,547 

$  165,290

9,770 

12,068 

(9,358) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

20,316

25,878

(4,587)

Net cash reserves 
$
1   Cash Operating Costs, Adjusted EBITDA, Normalized Net Loss and Normalized Net Loss per share are non-GAAP measures. We use certain Non-GAAP 
measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-GAAP measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are 
therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP 
Measures section.

30,301 

12,480 

41,607

$ 

$ 

Page 5 of 38

   
   
2013 Performance compared to 2013 Business Outlook

During 2013, we achieved both of our guidance targets:

(cid:120) Revenues in 2013 of $61.3 million were 40% higher than revenues in 2012, exceeding
our  2013  outlook  of  revenue  growth  in  excess  of  30%  over  2012  (or  at  least  $56.8 
million from $43.7 million in 2012); and

(cid:120) Adjusted  EBITDA  in  2013  of  ($8.2)  million  improved  63%  over  2012,  exceeding  our 
2013 outlook  of Adjusted  EBITDA improvement in excess of 50% from 2012 (or lower 
than ($11.1) million from ($22.1) million in 2012).

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (from continuing operations) – Fourth Quarter of 2013
Revenue and gross margin

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Three months ended December 31,

Fuel Cell Products and 
Services

Telecom Backup Power

$

Material Handling

Engineering Services

Development Stage

Revenues

Cost of goods sold

2013

5,904

1,968

6,215

3,229

17,316

11,422

$

2012

5,793

1,491

7,070

2,122

16,476

12,789

$ Change

% Change

$

111

477

(855)

1,107

840

2% 

32%

(12%) 

52%

5% 

(1,367)

              (11%) 

Gross Margin

$

5,894

$

3,687

  $ 

2,207

               60%

Gross Margin % 

34%

22% 

n/a

               12 pts

Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  Revenues  of  $17.3 million  for  the  fourth quarter  of  2013 
increased  5%,  or  $0.8  million,  compared  to  the  fourth quarter  of  2012.  The  5%  increase 
was  driven  by higher  Development  Stage,  Material  Handling, and  Telecom  Backup  Power 
revenues, partially offset by a decline in Engineering Services revenues.

Development  stage  revenues  of  $3.2  million  increased  $1.1  million,  or  52%,  due  to
significantly  higher  Bus  revenues  as  a  result  of  the  Azure  Bus  Licensing  Agreement  which 
more than offset lower shipments in the fourth quarter of 2013 of heavy-duty fuel cell bus 
modules  primarily  to  Van  Hool  NV. Material  Handling  revenues  of  $2.0 million increased 
$0.5 million, or 32%, as a result of significantly higher shipments in support of Plug Power 
Inc.’s GenDrive™ systems. Telecom Backup Power revenues of $5.9 million increased $0.1
million,  or  2%,  as  increased  shipments  of  hydrogen-based  backup  power  stacks  and
increased shipments of methanol-based backup power systems more than offset the impact 
of  a  significant  decline  in  shipments  of  hydrogen-based  backup  power  systems  (total 
methanol-based  and  hydrogen-based  system  shipments  were  177 in  the  fourth  quarter  of 
2013  as  compared  to  204 systems in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012).  Engineering  Services 
revenues  of  $6.2 million  declined  ($0.9) million,  or  (12%),  as  services performed  in  the 
fourth quarter of 2013 on the Volkswagen and Azure agreements and other contracts were 
lower than  amounts  performed  in  the  fourth quarter  of  2012  on  the  Anglo  American 
Platinum Limited project and certain other automotive contracts.

Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  gross  margins  increased  to  $5.9  million,  or  34%  of 
revenues,  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013,  compared  to  $3.7  million,  or  22%  of  revenues, 
for the fourth quarter of 2012. The overall increase and improvement in gross margin was 
driven by the 5% increase in overall revenues, the significant increase in higher margin Bus 
revenues which  benefited  from  the  Azure  Bus  Licensing  Agreement, and  by  our  ongoing 

Page 6 of 38

 
product  cost  reduction  efforts  across  all  of  our  platforms.  Gross  margins  in  the fourth 
quarter  of  2013  also benefited  from  a net  downward adjustment  to  cost  of  product  and 
service revenues  of $0.5 million as a result of a reduction in accrued warranty  obligations 
of  $1.0  million, net  of  inventory  obsolescence  charges  of  ($0.5)  million,  both  related 
primarily to contractual service expirations in the Bus market. 

Cash Operating Costs

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Three months ended December 31,

2013

2012

$ Change

% Change

Research and Product 

Development (operating cost)

$

2,327

$

3,705

$

(1,378)

General and Administrative 
(operating cost)
Sales and Marketing (operating 
cost)

Cash Operating Costs

2,223

1,912

1,736

1,892

487

20

$

6,462

$

7,333

$

(871)

(37%)

28%

1%

(12%)

Cash Operating Costs is a non-GAAP measure. We use certain Non-GAAP measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-GAAP measures 
do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other 
companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures section. Cash Operating Costs adjusts operating expenses for stock-
based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization, restructuring charges, acquisition costs and financing charges.

Cash  Operating  Costs  (see  Supplemental  Non-GAAP  Measures)  for  the  fourth quarter  of 
2013 were  $6.5 million,  a  decline  of  ($0.9) million,  or  (12%),  compared  to  the  fourth
quarter of 2012. The 12% reduction in the fourth quarter of 2013 was driven primarily by a
decline  in research  and  product  development  costs  as  a  result  of  the  redirection  of 
engineering resources to revenue generating engineering service projects, which more than 
offset  an increased  investment  in  sales  and  marketing  capacity  primarily  in  the  Telecom 
Backup Power market largely related to the increase in sales personnel associated with the 
acquisition  of  the  Idatech  assets  in  August  2012. Labour  and  material  costs  incurred  on 
revenue producing engineering services projects are reallocated from research and product 
development  expenses  to cost  of  goods  sold. After  adjusting  for  an  increase  in  allowance 
for  doubtful  accounts  of  $0.3  million  recorded  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013,  general  and 
administrative costs were effectively flat quarter over quarter.

As  a  significant  amount  of  our  net  operating  costs  (primarily  labour)  are  denominated  in 
Canadian dollars, operating expenses and Adjusted EBITDA are impacted by changes in the 
Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar. As the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar 
was  approximately  6%  lower for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013 as  compared  to  the  fourth
quarter  of  2012, positive  foreign  exchange  impacts  on  our  Canadian  operating  cost  base 
and  Adjusted  EBITDA  were  approximately  $0.4  million. A  $0.01 decrease  in  the  Canadian 
dollar,  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar,  positively impacts  annual  Cash  Operating  Costs  and 
Adjusted EBITDA by approximately $0.2 million to $0.3 million.

Adjusted EBITDA

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Three months ended December 31,

Adjusted EBITDA 

2013

2012

$

171

$ 

(3,222) 

$

$ 

Change

% Change

3,393

105%

   EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. We use certain Non-GAAP measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-
GAAP measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures 
presented by other companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures section. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA for
stock-based compensation expense, transactional gains and losses, finance and other income, and acquisition costs.

Adjusted  EBITDA  (see  Supplemental  Non-GAAP  Measures)  for  the  fourth quarter  of  2013 
was $0.2 million, an improvement of $3.4 million, or 105%, compared to the fourth quarter 
of 2012. The $3.4 million reduction in Adjusted EBITDA loss in the fourth quarter of 2013
was driven by gross margin improvements of $2.2 million as a result of the 5% increase in 
total revenues and the overall improvement as a percentage of revenue from 22% to 34%,

Page 7 of 38

combined with a reduction in Cash Operating Costs of $0.9 million.

Net loss attributable to Ballard

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Three months ended December 31,

Net loss attributable to Ballard from 

$

(2,274)

$ 

(17,059) 

continuing operations

2013

2012

$

$ 

Change

% Change

14,785

87%

Net  loss  attributable  to  Ballard  from  continuing  operations  for  the  fourth quarter  of  2013
was ($2.3)  million,  or  ($0.02)  per  share,  compared  to  a net  loss of  ($17.1) million,  or 
($0.19) per share, in the fourth quarter of 2012. The $14.8 million reduction in net loss for 
the  fourth quarter  of  2013 was  driven  by  the  improvement  in  Adjusted  EBITDA  of  $3.4
million, and  by  a Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  goodwill  impairment  charge  of  ($10.0) 
million and  an  impairment  charge  of  ($0.6)  million  related  to  a  write-down  of 
manufacturing equipment both recorded in the fourth quarter of 2012.

Excluding the impact of these impairment charges of ($10.6) million in the fourth quarter of 
2012, Normalized Net Loss (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures) in the fourth quarter of 
2013  improved  by  $4.4 million,  or  $0.05 per  share,  compared to  the  fourth  quarter  of 
2012.

Net loss attributable to Ballard from continuing operations excludes the net loss attributed 
to the non-controlling interests in the losses of Dantherm Power. During the fourth quarters 
of 2013 and 2012, we held a 52% equity interest in Dantherm Power. Net loss attributed to 
the  non-controlling  38%  equity  interest  held  by  Dantherm  Power  A/S  and  the  non-
controlling  10%  equity  interest  held  by  Azure  for  the  fourth quarter  of  2013  was  ($0.2)
million,  as  compared  to  a  net  loss  attributed  to  non-controlling interests  of  ($0.5)  million 
for the fourth quarter of 2012. 

Net loss attributable to Ballard from continuing operations also excludes the net loss from 
discontinued operations of ($1.3) million for the fourth quarter of 2012. As a result of the 
disposition  of  our  Materials  Products  segment  on  January  31,  2013,  the  former  Material 
Products segment has been classified as a discontinued operation in our 2013 consolidated 
financial  statements. Net  loss  from  discontinued  operations  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012 
was  negatively  impacted  by  a  goodwill  impairment  charge  of  ($1.8) million  and  a  write-
down of property, plant and equipment of ($0.5) million.

Cash used in operating activities

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Three months ended December 31,

2013

2012 

 $ 

Change

% Change

Cash (used in) provided by operating

$ 

(872)

$ 

(535)  $ 

(337) 

(63%) 

activities

Cash  used  in operating  activities  in  the  fourth quarter  of  2013 was  ($0.9)  million, 
consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of  ($0.3)  million  and net  working  capital  outflows  of 
($0.5) million.  Cash  used  in operating  activities  in  the  fourth quarter  of  2012 was  ($0.5)
million, consisting of cash operating losses of ($2.4) million and net working capital inflows 
of $1.9 million. The ($0.3) million increase in cash used by operating activities in the fourth
quarter of 2013, as compared to the fourth quarter of 2012, was driven by higher relative 
working  capital  requirements  of  ($2.4)  million  which  more  than  offset  the  relative 
improvement  in  cash  operating  losses of  $2.1 million. The  $2.1  million  improvement  in 
cash  operating  losses  was  due  primarily  to  the  $3.4  million  improvement  in  Adjusted 
EBITDA, partially offset by fourth quarter of 2012 cash operating income from discontinued 

Page 8 of 38

 
operations of ($1.2) million.

The total change in working capital of ($0.5) million in the fourth quarter of 2013 was due 
primarily  to  lower  accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  of  ($6.9)  million  as  a  result  of
increased  supplier  payments  made  for  higher  inventory  purchases  in  the  first  three 
quarters of  2013,  partially  offset  by  lower  accounts  receivable  of  $4.8  million  due  to 
significant  customer  collections  in  the  quarter,  and  by lower  inventory  levels  of  $1.5 
million.  This  compares  to  a total  change  in  working  capital  of  $1.9 million  in  the  fourth
quarter  of  2012  which  was driven  by  lower  inventory  of  $5.4  million  as  we  consumed 
previously built-up or acquired inventory in order to fulfill the higher product shipments in 
the  fourth  quarter of  2012, combined  with  higher  deferred  revenue  and  cost  recovery  of 
$0.9  million.  These  fourth  quarter  of  2012  working  capital  inflows  were  partially  offset  by 
higher accounts receivable of ($2.5) million due primarily to the timing of shipment versus 
collection of our fuel cell product and service revenues, and by lower accounts payable and 
accrued  liabilities  of  ($2.6)  million  due  to  increased  supplier  payments  made  for  higher 
inventory purchases in the first three quarters of 2012.

RESULTS  OF  OPERATIONS  (from  continuing  operations)  – Year ended  December 
31, 2013

Revenue and gross margin

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year ended December 31,

Fuel Cell Products and 
Services

2013

2012

$ Change

% Change

Telecom Backup Power 

$

20,464

$

11,764

$

Material Handling

Engineering Services

Development Stage

Revenues

Cost of goods sold

6,456

21,132

13,199

61,251

44,492

6,161

16,987

8,778

43,690

36,321

Gross Margin

$

16,759

$

7,369

  $ 

8,700

295

4,145

4,421

17,561

8,171

9,390

74%

5%

24%

50%

40%

               22%

               127%

Gross Margin % 

27%

17%

n/a

               10 pts

Fuel Cell  Products  and  Services  Revenues  of  $61.3 million  for  2013  increased  40%,  or 
$17.6 million,  compared  to  2012. The  40%  increase  was  driven  by  significantly  higher 
Telecom  Backup  Power,  Development  Stage and  Engineering  Services revenues  combined 
with a slight increase in Material Handling revenues.

Telecom  Backup  Power  revenues  of  $20.5  million  increased  $8.7 million,  or  74%,  as  a 
result of higher shipments (796 systems in 2013 as compared to 399 systems in 2012) of 
methanol-based  and  hydrogen-based  backup  power  systems  enabled  primarily  by  our 
August  2012  acquisition  of  Idatech’s  key  assets, combined  with  a  modest  increase in 
shipments  of  hydrogen-based  backup  power  stacks. Engineering  Services  revenues  of
$21.1  million  increased  $4.1  million,  or  24%,  as  services  performed  in  2013  on  the  new 
Volkswagen  and  Azure  agreements and  other  contracts  were  significantly  higher  than 
amounts  performed  in  2012  on  the  Anglo  American  Platinum  Limited  project  and  certain 
other automotive  contracts.  Development  stage revenues of $13.2  million increased $4.4 
million,  or  50%,  due  to significantly  higher  Bus  revenues  as  a  result  of  the  Azure  Bus 
Licensing  Agreement  and  consistent shipments  of  heavy-duty  fuel  cell  bus  modules 
primarily to Van Hool NV, Azure, Sunline Transit Agency and CTTransit. This increase in Bus 
revenues in  2013  more  than  offset  a  decline in  Distributed  Generation  revenues  due 

Page 9 of 38

primarily  to  the  completion  of  the  Toyota  distributed  power CLEARgen™  fuel  cell  system 
project in 2012. Material Handling revenues of $6.5 million increased  $0.3 million, or 5%,
as a result of slightly higher shipments in support of Plug Power Inc.’s GenDrive™ systems. 

Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  gross  margins  increased  to  $16.8  million,  or  27%  of 
revenues for  2013,  compared  to  $7.4  million,  or  17%  of  revenues for  2012.  The  overall 
increase  and  improvement  in  gross  margin  was  driven  by  the  40%  increase  in  overall 
revenues, the significant increase in higher margin Engineering Services and higher margin 
Bus revenues which benefited from the Azure Bus Licensing Agreement, combined with our 
ongoing  product  cost  reduction  efforts  across  all  of  our  platforms.  Gross  margins  in  2013 
also benefited from a net downward adjustment to cost of product and service revenues of 
$0.7 million as a result of a reduction in accrued warranty obligations of $1.5 million, net of 
inventory  obsolescence  charges  of  ($0.8)  million,  both  related  primarily  to  contractual 
service expirations in the Bus market. 

Cash Operating Costs

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year ended December 31,

2013

2012

$ Change

% Change

Research and Product 

Development (operating cost)

$ 12,592

$

15,719

$

(3,127)

General and Administrative 
(operating cost)
Sales and Marketing (operating 
cost)

Cash Operating Costs

8,485

7,229

8,106

6,476

379

753

$ 28,306

$

30,301

$

(1,995)

(20%)

5%

12%

(7%)

Cash Operating Costs is a non-GAAP measure. We use certain Non-GAAP measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-GAAP measures 
do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other 
companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures section. Cash Operating Costs adjusts operating expenses for stock-
based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization, restructuring charges, acquisition costs and financing charges.

Cash Operating Costs (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures) for 2013 were $28.3 million, 
a decline  of  ($2.0)  million,  or  (7%),  compared  to  2012.  The  7%  reduction  in  2013  was 
driven  primarily  by  lower  research  and  product  development  costs  as  a  result  of  the 
redirection  of  engineering  resources  to  revenue  generating  engineering  service  projects 
combined with lower operating costs across the business as a result of our continued cost 
reduction  efforts  including  a  7%  workforce  reduction  initiated  in  July  2012.  Labour  and 
material costs incurred on revenue producing engineering services projects are reallocated 
from  research  and  product  development  expenses  to  cost  of  goods  sold. These 
improvements  more  than  offset  the  increased  investment  in  sales  and  marketing  capacity 
primarily  in  the  Telecom  Backup  Power  market  largely  related  to  the  increase  in  sales 
personnel associated with the acquisition of the Idatech assets in August 2012.

As  a  significant  amount  of  our  net  operating  costs  (primarily  labour)  are  denominated  in 
Canadian dollars, operating expenses and Adjusted EBITDA are impacted by changes in the 
Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar. As the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar 
was  approximately  3%  lower  for  2013  as  compared  2012,  positive  foreign  exchange 
impacts  on  our  Canadian  operating  cost  base  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  were  approximately 
$0.7 million. A $0.01 decrease in the Canadian dollar, relative to the U.S. dollar, positively 
impacts  annual  Cash  Operating  Costs  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  by  approximately $0.2  million 
to $0.3 million.

Page 10 of 38

Adjusted EBITDA

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year ended December 31,

Adjusted EBITDA 

2013

2012

$

(8,188)

$ 

(22,076) 

$

$ 

Change

% Change

13,888

63%

   EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. We use certain Non-GAAP measures to assist in assessing our financial performance. Non-
GAAP measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures 
presented by other companies.  See reconciliation to GAAP in the Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures section. Adjusted EBITDA adjusts EBITDA for 
stock-based compensation expense, transactional gains and losses, finance and other income, and acquisition costs.

Adjusted EBITDA (see Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures) for 2013 was ($8.2) million, an 
improvement  of  $13.9 million,  or  63%,  compared  to  2012.  The  $13.9 million  reduction in 
Adjusted EBITDA loss in 2013 was driven by gross margin improvements of $9.4 million as 
a  result  of the  40%  increase  in  total  revenues  and  the  overall  improvement  as a
percentage  of  revenue  from 17% to 27%,  combined with the reduction in Cash Operating 
Costs  of  $2.0 million. Adjusted  EBITDA  in  2012  was  also  negatively  impacted  by 
restructuring  charges  of  ($1.9)  million  related  to  a  7%  workforce  adjustment  initiated  in 
July  2012 and  a  minor  restructuring  focused  on  manufacturing  overhead  cost  reduction 
initiated in April 2012.

Net loss attributable to Ballard

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year ended December 31,

Net loss attributable to Ballard from 

$

(19,988)

$ 

(42,320) 

continuing operations 

2013

2012

$

$ 

Change

% Change

22,332

53%

Net loss attributable to Ballard from continuing operations for 2013 was ($20.0) million, or 
($0.20) per share, compared to a net loss of ($42.3) million, or ($0.48) per share, in 2012. 
The $22.3 million reduction in net loss in 2013 was driven by the improvement in Adjusted 
EBITDA  of  $13.8 million,  partially  offset  by  higher  stock-based  compensation  of  ($1.2)
million  as  a  result  of  a downward  adjustment  to  accrued  stock-based compensation  in 
2012, and by a ($1.2) million charge to Finance income (loss) as a result of the settlement 
of the TPC obligation. On settlement with TPC on January 15, 2013, we recorded a charge 
of ($1.2) million to Finance income (loss) representing the excess of the settlement amount 
of  $1.9  million  over  royalty  amounts  accrued  as  of  the  date  of  settlement  of  $0.7  million. 
Net loss in 2013 was also negatively impacted by impairment charges of ($0.5) million as 
we wrote-down our non-core investment in Chrysalix Energy Limited Partnership from $0.7 
million  to  its  estimated  net  realizable  value  of  $0.2 million. Net  loss  in  2012  was  also 
negatively  impacted  by  a  Fuel  Cells  Products  and  Services  goodwill  impairment  charge  of 
($10.0)  million  and  an  impairment  charge  of  ($0.6)  million  related  to  a  write-down  of 
manufacturing equipment. 

Excluding  the  impact  of  the  TPC  settlement  charge  of  ($1.2)  million  and  the  Chrysalix
impairment charge of ($0.5) million in 2013, and the impairment charges of ($10.6) million 
in  2012,  Normalized  Net  Loss  (see  Supplemental  Non-GAAP  Measures)  in  2013  improved 
$13.5 million, or $0.18 per share, as compared to 2012.

Net loss attributable to Ballard from continuing operations excludes the net loss attributed 
to the non-controlling interests in the losses of Dantherm Power. During the first quarter of 
2013,  we  held  a  57%  equity  interest  in  Dantherm  Power  as  compared  to  a  52%  equity 
interest  held  in  the  last  three quarters of  2013  and  throughout  2012.  As  a  result  of  the 
Azure  investment in  Dantherm  Power  on  March  31,  2013,  we  now  hold  a  52%  equity 
interest in Dantherm Power as compared to the non-controlling 38% equity interest held by 
Dantherm  Power  A/S  and  the  non-controlling 10%  equity  interest  held  by  Azure.  Net  loss 
attributed  to  non-controlling interests for  2013  was  ($1.7)  million,  as  compared  to  ($1.3)

Page 11 of 38

million  for  2012.  The  increased  loss  at  Dantherm  Power  in  2013  is  primarily  a  result  of a
decline in higher margin engineering services revenues in 2013.

Net loss attributable to Ballard from continuing operations also excludes the net loss from 
discontinued  operations  of  ($0.1) million  for  2012. As  a  result  of  the  disposition  of  our 
Materials  Products  segment  on  January  31,  2013,  the  former  Material  Products  segment 
has  been  classified  as  a  discontinued  operation  in  our  2013  consolidated  financial 
statements. Net loss from discontinued operations in 2012 includes a goodwill impairment 
charge  of  ($1.8)  million  and  a  write-down  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  of  ($0.5) 
million.

Cash used in operating activities

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year ended December 31,

2013

2012 

 $ 

Change

% Change

Cash (used in) provided by operating 

$ 

(17,416)

$ 

(28,146)  $ 

10,730

38%

activities  

Cash used by operating activities in 2013 was ($17.4) million, consisting of cash operating
losses  of  ($12.1)  million  and  net  working  capital  outflows  of  ($5.3)  million.  Cash  used  in 
operating  activities  in  2012  was  ($28.1)  million,  consisting  of cash  operating  losses  of 
($22.2)  million  and  net  working  capital  outflows of  ($5.9)  million.  The  $10.7  million 
reduction in cash used by operating activities in 2013, as compared to 2012, was driven by 
the  relative  improvement  in  cash  operating  losses  of  $10.1  million  combined  with  the 
reduction in working capital requirements of $0.6 million. The $10.1 million improvement in 
cash  operating  losses  was  due  primarily  to  the  $13.8  million  improvement  in  Adjusted 
EBITDA,  partially  offset  by  2012  cash  operating  income  from  discontinued  operations  of 
($3.2) million.

The total change in working capital of ($5.3) million in 2013 was driven by lower accounts 
payable and accrued liabilities of ($4.9) million as a result of increased supplier payments 
made  for  higher  inventory  purchases  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  and  in  2013,  and  by 
higher inventory of ($2.8) million due to the build of inventory to support expected higher 
product  shipments  in  2014.  These  2013  working  capital  outflows  were  partially  offset  by 
lower  accounts  receivable  of  $1.3 million  primarily  as  a  result  of  the  timing  of  Bus  and 
Telecom  Backup  Power  revenues  and  the  related  customer  collections, and  by  higher 
deferred  revenue  of  $2.5  million  as  we  received  Engineering  Services  and  SDTC 
government grant receipts in advance of incurring the related contract work. This compares 
to a total change in working capital of ($5.9) million in 2012 which was driven primarily by 
lower  accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  of  ($10.5)  million  due  to  increased  supplier 
payments  made  for  higher  inventory  purchases in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2011  and  in  the 
first three quarters of 2012 combined with the payment of accrued 2011 annual employee 
bonuses,  partially  offset  by  lower  inventory  of  $4.4  million  as  we  consumed  previously 
built-up or acquired inventory in order to fulfill the higher product shipments in the fourth 
quarter of 2012. 

Page 12 of 38

RESULTS OF DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS – 2013 and 2012

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Three months ended December 31,

Revenues 

$

Cost of goods sold

Gross margin

Operating expenses
Impairment (charge) 
recovery on property, 
plant and equipment
Impairment (charge) on 
goodwill
Income taxes

Net earnings (loss) 
from discontinued 
operations
Net earnings (loss) 
from discontinued 
operations excluding 
impairment charges

$

$

2013

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

$

$

$

$ Change

% Change

2012

4,783 

3,265 

1,518 

(495) 

(500) 

(1,815) 

(7) 

$ 

(4,783)

(3,265)

(1,518)

495

500

1,815

7

(1,299) 

  $ 

1,299

(100%)

(100%)

(100%)

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

1,016 

  $ 

(1,016)

(100%)

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year ended December 31,

Revenues 

$

Cost of goods sold

Gross margin

Operating expenses
Impairment (charge) 
recovery on property, 
plant and equipment
Impairment (charge) on 
goodwill
Income taxes

Net earnings (loss) 
from discontinued 
operations
Net earnings (loss) 
from discontinued 
operations excluding 
impairment charges

$

$

2013

867

627

240

(252)

45

-

(9)

24

2012

$ Change

% Change

$

15,540 

$ 

(14,673)

11,159 

4,381 

(2,053) 

(500) 

(1,815) 

(78) 

$ 

(65) 

  $ 

(10,532)

(4,141)

1,801

545

1,815

69

89

(94%)

(94%)

(95%)

88%

109%

100%

88%

137%

(21)

$

2,250 

  $ 

(2,271)

(101%)

As a result of the disposition of our Materials Products segment  on January 31, 2013, the 
former  Material  Products  segment  has  been  classified  as  a  discontinued  operation  in  our 
2013  and  2012  consolidated  financial  statements.  As  such,  the  operating  results  of  the 
former Material Products segment for the month of January 2013 and for 2012 have been 
removed from our results from continuing operations and are instead presented separately 
in  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  as  income  from  discontinued  operations.  The 
former  Materials  Product  segment  sold carbon  fiber  products  primarily  for  automotive 
transmissions, and GDL’s for fuel cells. 

Impairment  charges  in  2012  were  determined  based  on  a  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell 
assessment  which  compared  the  segment’s  carrying  value  at  December  31,  2012  to  the 
actual  net  proceeds  received  on  disposition  on  January  31,  2013.  As  a  result  of  this 
assessment,  we  recorded  charges  against  income  from  discontinued  operations  in  the 
fourth quarter of 2012 of ($1.8) million related to a write-off of Material Products goodwill 
and ($0.5) million related to a write-down of property, plant and equipment.

Page 13 of 38

   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
OPERATING EXPENSES AND OTHER ITEMS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS

Research and product development expenses

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Research and product development

Research and product development expense 

Less: Depreciation and amortization expense

Less: Stock-based compensation expense

Research and product development (operating 

cost)

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Research and product development

Research and product development expense 

Less: Depreciation and amortization expense

Less: Stock-based compensation expense

Research and product development (operating 

cost)

Three months ended December 31,

2013

3,589

(967)

(295)

2,327

2013

17,117

(3,286)

(1,239)

12,592

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2012

4,677 

(449)

(523)

3,705 

$

$ 

$

$

$ 

Change

% Change

(1088) 

(518)

228

(1,378) 

(23%)

(115%)

44%

(37%)

Year ended December 31,

2012

19,273 

(2,593)

(961)

15,719 

$

$ 

$

$

$ 

Change

% Change

(2,156) 

(693)

(278)

(3,127) 

(11%)

(27%)

(29%)

(20%)

Research  and  product  development expenses  for  the  three  months  ended  December 
31,  2013 were  $3.6 million,  a  decrease of  ($1.1) million,  or  (23%),  compared  to  the 
corresponding  period  of  2012.  Excluding  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  of  ($1.0)
million  and  ($0.4)  million,  respectively,  and  excluding  stock-based  compensation  expense 
of  ($0.3)  million  and  ($0.5) million,  respectively,  in  each  of  the  periods,  research  and 
product  development  costs were  $2.3  million,  a  decline  of  ($1.4)  million,  or  (37%), 
compared to the fourth quarter of 2012. 

Research and product development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2013 were 
$17.1 million,  a  decrease  of  ($2.2) million,  or  (11%),  compared  to  2012.  Excluding 
depreciation  and  amortization  expense  of  ($3.3)  million  and  ($2.6)  million,  respectively, 
and  excluding  stock-based  compensation  expense  of  ($1.2)  million  and  ($1.0) million, 
respectively,  in  each  of  the  periods,  research  and  product  development  costs  were  $12.6 
million, a decline of ($3.1) million, or (20%), compared to 2012.

The respective 37% and 20% reductions in the fourth quarter of 2013 and the year ended 
December  31,  2013 were primarily  as  a  result  of  the  redirection  of  engineering  labour 
resources to revenue generating engineering service projects, by the receipt of government 
funding  for  certain  of  our  research  and  product  development  efforts,  by  lower  operating 
costs  across  the  business  due  to our  continued  cost  reduction  efforts  including  a  7% 
workforce reduction initiated in July 2012, and by lower labour costs in 2013 as a result of 
a slightly lower Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar and the resulting positive impact 
on  our  Canadian  operating  cost  base. These  cost  reductions  in  2013 more  than  offset  the 
impact of a downward  adjustment to accrued  cash-based compensation expense  recorded 
in  2012  as  a  result  of  under  performing  against  our  2012  corporate  performance  targets.
Government  research  funding  is  reflected  as  a  cost  offset  to  research  and  product 
development  expenses,  whereas  labour  and  material  costs  incurred  on  revenue  producing 
engineering  services  projects  are  reallocated  from  research  and  product  development 
expenses to cost of goods sold.

Page 14 of 38

  
  
  
  
General and administrative expenses

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

General and administrative

General and administrative expense 

Less: Depreciation and amortization expense

Less: Restructuring charges

Less: Acquisition and integration costs

Less: Financing charges

Less: Stock-based compensation expense

General and administrative (operating cost)

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

General and administrative

General and administrative expense 

Less: Depreciation and amortization expense

Less: Restructuring charges

Less: Acquisition and integration costs

Less: Financing charges

Less: Stock-based compensation expense 

General and administrative (operating cost)

2013

2,993

(42)

(43)

-

-

(685)

2,223

2013

11,413

(177)

(568)

(78)

-

(2,105)

8,485

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Three months ended December 31,

2012

3,236 

(55)

-

(91)

(564)

(790)

$

$ 

$

$

$

$

$

1,736 

$ 

Change

% Change

(243) 

13

(43)

91

564

105

487 

(8%) 

24%

(100%)

100%

100%

13%

28%

Year ended December 31,

2012

12,306 

(235)

(1,931)

(274)

(564)

(1,196)

$

$ 

$

$

$

$

$

8,106 

$ 

Change

% Change

(893) 

58

1,363

196

564

(909)

379 

(7%) 

25%

71%

72%

100%

(76%)

5% 

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

General  and  administrative expenses  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2013
were  $3.0 million,  a decrease  of  ($0.2) million,  or  (8%),  compared  to  the  corresponding 
period  of  2012.  Excluding  relatively  insignificant  depreciation  and  amortization  expense,
restructuring charges and  acquisition  costs,  and  excluding  stock-based  compensation 
expense  of  ($0.7)  million  and  ($0.8)  million,  respectively,  in  each  of  the  periods,  and 
financing  charges of  ($0.6)  million in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  related  to  withdrawn 
financing  efforts, general  and administrative  costs were  $2.2 million,  an  increase of  $0.5
million, or 28%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2012.

General  and  administrative expenses  for  the  year ended  December  31,  2013  were  $11.4
million,  a  decrease  of  ($0.9) million,  or  (7%),  compared  to  the  corresponding  period  of 
2012.  Excluding  relatively  insignificant  depreciation  and  amortization  expense and 
acquisition and integration costs, and excluding restructuring charges of ($0.6) million and 
($1.9)  million,  respectively, in  each  of  the  periods,  stock-based  compensation  expense  of 
($2.1) million and ($1.2) million, respectively, in each of the periods, and financing charges 
of  ($0.6)  million  in  the  fourth quarter  of  2012  related  to  withdrawn  financing  efforts, 
general  and  administrative  costs  were  $8.5 million,  an  increase  of  $0.4  million,  or  5%,
compared to 2012. 

The  respective  28% and  5% increases in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013  and  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2013 were primarily as a result of a downward adjustment to accrued cash-
based  compensation  expense  recorded  in  2012  and higher  one-time  legal  expenses 
(approximately $0.3 million) incurred in the first quarter of 2013 related to the Volkswagen 
contract and the TPC settlement. These cost pressures in 2013 more than offset the benefit 
of  our  continued  cost  reduction  efforts  across  the  business  including  a  7%  workforce 
reduction initiated in July 2012 and lower labour costs in 2013 as a result of a slightly lower 
Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar and the resulting positive impact on our Canadian 
operating  cost  base.  General  and  administrative  costs  also  include  impairment losses  on 
trade receivables of ($0.3) million and ($0.2) million, respectively, in 2013 and 2012. 

The  increase  in  stock-based  compensation  expense  in  2013  was  due  primarily  to  a 
downward adjustment to accrued stock-based compensation in 2012 as certain outstanding 

Page 15 of 38

  
  
  
  
restricted  share  units  ultimately  failed  to  meet  the  vesting  criteria  in  2012  and  were 
eventually cancelled in 2012. 

Restructuring charges  of  ($0.6) million  in  2013  relate  primarily  to  minor  restructurings
focused on overhead cost reduction. Restructuring charges of ($1.9) million in 2012 relate 
primarily  to  the  7%  workforce  reduction  initiated  in  July  2012  and  a  minor  restructuring 
focused  on  manufacturing  overhead  cost  reduction  initiated  in  April  2012.  Acquisition  and 
integration costs of ($0.3) million in 2012 relate to the Idatech acquisition.

Sales and marketing expenses

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expense 

Less: Stock-based compensation expense

Sales and marketing (operating cost)

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expense 

Less: Stock-based compensation expense

Sales and marketing (operating cost)

Three months ended December 31,

2013

1,934

(22)

1,912

2013

7,661

(431)

7,230

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2012

2,134 

(242)

1,892 

$

$ 

$

$ 

Change

% Change

(200) 

220

20 

(9%) 

91%

1% 

Year ended December 31,

2012

6,901 

(425)

6,476 

$

$ 

$

$ 

Change

% Change

759 

(6)

753 

11%

(1%)

12% 

Sales  and  marketing expenses  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2013  were 
$1.9 million, a decrease of ($0.2) million, or (9%), compared to the  corresponding period 
of  2012.  Excluding  stock-based  compensation expense  of  nil  and  ($0.2)  million in  each  of 
the periods, sales and marketing costs were $1.9 million, an increase of nil million, or 1%, 
compared to the fourth quarter of 2012. 

Sales and marketing expenses for the year ended December 31, 2013 were $7.7 million, an 
increase of $0.8 million, or 11%, compared to the corresponding period of 2012. Excluding 
stock-based  compensation  expense of  ($0.4)  million  in  each  of  the  periods,  sales  and 
marketing costs were $7.2 million, an increase of $0.8 million, or 12%, compared to 2012. 

The  respective  1%  and  12% increases in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013  and  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2013  were  primarily as  a  result  of  increased  investment  in  sales  and 
marketing  capacity  primarily  in  the  Telecom  Backup  Power  market  largely  related  to  the 
increase in sales personnel associated with the acquisition of the Idatech assets in August 
2012.

Finance  income  (loss) and  other for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,
2013 was $0.5 million and $0.2 million, respectively, compared to ($0.1) million and ($0.2) 
million, respectively, for the corresponding periods of 2012. The following tables provide a
breakdown of our finance and other income (loss) for the reported periods:

Page 16 of 38

  
  
  
  
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Three months ended December 31,

2013

2012 

$ Change

% Change

Employee future benefit plan expense

$ 

(92)

$

(279) 

$ 

187 

Investment and other income

Foreign exchange gain (loss)

Finance income (loss) and other

$

54

584

546

48

148

$

(83) 

$ 

6

436

629

67% 

13%

294%

758% 

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Year ended December 31,

2013

2012

$ Change

% Change

Employee future benefit plan expense

$ 

(282)

$

(279) 

$ 

(3) 

(1%) 

Settlement of TPC funding obligation

Investment and other income

Foreign exchange gain (loss)

(1,197)

141

1,553

-

238 

(178)

(1,197)

(97) 

1,731 

Finance income (loss) and other

$

215

$

(219) 

$ 

434

(100%)

(41%)

972%

198%

Employee future benefit plan expense for the three months and year ended December 31,
2013  were ($0.1)  million  and  ($0.3)  million,  respectively,  compared  to  ($0.3)  million  for 
each of the corresponding periods of 2012. Employee future benefit plan expense primarily 
represents  the  excess  of  expected  interest  cost  on  plan  obligations  in  excess  of  the 
expected  return  on  plan  assets  related  to a  curtailed  defined  benefit  pension  plan  for  our 
current and former United States employees.

Settlement expense related to the TPC funding obligation of ($1.2) million recorded in 2013 
represents  the  excess  of  the  settlement  amount  of  $1.9  million  over  royalty  amounts 
accrued as of the date of settlement of $0.7 million. On January 15, 2013, we reached an 
agreement  with  Technology  Partnerships  Canada  (“TPC”)  to  terminate  all  existing  and 
future  potential  royalties  payable  in  respect  of  future  sales  of  fuel  cell  based  stationary 
power products under the Utilities Development Program (Phase 2) in exchange for a final 
repayment to TPC of $1.9 million Canadian.

Foreign  exchange  gains  for the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2013  were 
$0.6  million  and  $1.6 million,  respectively,  compared  to  nominal  amounts  for  the 
corresponding  periods  of  2012.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  are  attributable 
primarily  to  the  effect  of  the  changes  in  the  value  of  the  Canadian  dollar,  relative  to  the 
U.S. dollar, on  our Canadian dollar-denominated net monetary position. Foreign exchange 
gains  and  losses  are  also  impacted  by  the  conversion  of  Dantherm  Power’s  assets  and 
liabilities  from  the  Danish  Kroner  to  the  U.S.  dollar  at  exchange  rates  in  effect  at  each 
reporting  date. Foreign  exchange  gains  in  2013  arose  primarily  as  a  result  of  the 
approximate  6%  decline  in  the  Canadian  dollar,  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar,  and  its  impact 
on  our  net  Canadian  dollar-denominated  net  liability  position.  Foreign  exchange  gains 
(losses)  in  2012  were  nominal  as  the  Canadian  dollar,  relative  to the  U.S.  dollar,  was 
relatively stable over 2012.

Investment  and  other  income  for  the  three  nine months  and  years  ended  December  31,
2013 and 2012 were nominal and were earned primarily on our cash, cash equivalents and 
short-term investments. 

Finance  expense for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2013  was  ($0.3)
million  and  ($1.5) million,  respectively,  compared  to  ($0.5) million  and  ($1.7) million, 
respectively,  for  the  corresponding  periods  of  2012.  Finance  expense  relates  primarily  to 
the sale and leaseback of our head office building in Burnaby, British Columbia which was 
completed  on  March  9,  2010.  Due  to  the  long  term  nature  of  the  lease,  the  leaseback  of 

Page 17 of 38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the building qualifies as a finance (or capital) lease.

Impairment  loss  on  property,  plant  and  equipment  for  the  three  months  and  year 
ended December 31, 2012 was ($0.6) million and relate to a write-down of manufacturing 
equipment never put into use.

Impairment loss on goodwill for the three months and year ended December 31, 2012 
was ($10.0) million and consists of an impairment charge related to our Fuel Cell Products 
segment.

Impairment  loss  on  investment  for  the  three months and  year ended  December  31,
2013  was  ($0.2)  million  and  ($0.5)  million,  respectively,  and  consists  of  an  impairment 
charge  related  to  our  non-core  investment  in  Chrysalix  Energy  Limited  Partnership  which 
was  written  down  from  $0.7  million  over  the  year  to  its  estimated net  realizable  value  of 
$0.2 million.

Net  loss  attributed  to  Dantherm  Power  non-controlling  interests for  the  three 
months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2013  was  ($0.2)  million  and  ($1.7) million, 
respectively,  compared  to ($0.5)  million  and  ($1.3) million,  respectively,  for  the 
corresponding periods of 2012. Amounts primarily represent the non-controlling interest of 
Dantherm  A/S  and  Azure  in  the  losses  of  Dantherm  Power  as  a  result  of  their  43%  total 
equity  interest  in  the  first  quarter  of  2013  and  their  48%  total  equity  interest  in  the  last 
three quarters of  2013  and  throughout  2012.  The  decline  in  performance  at  Dantherm 
Power  in  2013  as  compared  to  2012  is  primarily  a  result  of  a  decline  in  higher  margin 
engineering services revenues in 2013.

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS

The following table provides summary financial data for our last eight quarters from 
continuing operations:

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts

and weighted average shares outstanding which are expressed in 

thousands)

Quarter ended,

Revenues from continuing operations

Net income (loss) attributable to Ballard from 
continuing operations

Net income (loss) per share attributable to 
Ballard from continuing operations, basic and 
diluted

Dec 31,
2013

17,316

(2,274)

(0.02)

$

$ 

$

$

$

$

Sep 30,
2013

17,003

(4,574)

(0.05)

$

$

$

Jun 30,
2013

14,597

(5,203)

(0.05)

$

$

$

Mar 31,
2013

12,335

(7,936)

(0.09)

Weighted average common shares outstanding 

109,113

99,364

99,233

92,233

Revenues 

Net income (loss) attributable to Ballard

Net income (loss) per share attributable to 
Ballard from continuing operations, basic and 
diluted

Dec 31,
2012

16,476

(16,809)

(0.18)

$

$

$

$

$

$

Sep 30,
2012

10,311

(9,185)

(0.10)

$

$

$

Jun 30,
2012

6,824

(7,416)

(0.09)

$

$

$

Mar 31,
2012

10,078

(8,660)

(0.10)

Weighted average common shares outstanding 

91,801

89,269

84,621

84,566

Summary  of  Quarterly  Results:    There  were  no  significant  seasonal  variations  in  our 
quarterly  results from  continuing  operations.  Variations  in  our  net  loss for  the  above 
periods were affected primarily by the following factors:

(cid:120) Revenues:  Variations  in  fuel  cell  revenues  reflect  the  demand  and  timing  of  our 
customers’ fuel  cell  vehicle,  bus  and  fuel cell  product  deployments as  well  as  the 
demand  and  timing  of  their  engineering  services  projects.  Variations  in  fuel  cell 

Page 18 of 38

  
revenues also reflect the timing of work performed and the achievements of milestones 
under  long-term  fixed  price  contracts including  our  contract  with  Volkswagen  which 
commenced in the first quarter of 2013 and our Azure Bus Licensing Agreement which 
commenced  in  the  third  quarter  of  2013. Revenues  were  also  positively  impacted  in 
2013  and  in  the  third  and  fourth  quarters of  2012 as  a  result  of  our  acquisition  of 
Idatech’s key assets and product lines as of August 1, 2012.

(cid:120) Operating  expenditures: Operating  expenses  were  negatively 

impacted  by
restructuring charges of ($1.6) million in the third quarter of 2012 as a result of a 7% 
workforce reduction. Restructuring charges are recognized in general and administrative 
expense.  Operating  expenses  also  include  the  impact  of  changes  in  the  value  of  the 
Canadian  dollar,  versus  the  U.S.  dollar,  on  our  Canadian  dollar  denominated 
expenditures.

(cid:120)

(cid:120)

(cid:120)

(cid:120)

Finance  income  (loss): The  net  loss  for  the  first  quarter  of  2013  was  negatively 
impacted  by  a  charge  of  ($1.2) million  related  to  the  settlement  of  a  TPC  funding 
obligation.

Impairment  loss  on  property,  plant  and  equipment:  The  net  loss  for  the  fourth 
quarter  of  2012  was  negatively  impacted  by  an  impairment  charge  of  ($0.6) million 
related to the write-down of manufacturing equipment never put into use.

Impairment  loss  on  investment:  The  net  loss  for  the  second  quarter  of  2013  was 
negatively impacted by an impairment charge of ($0.4) million related to a write-down 
of our non-core investment in Chrysalix Energy Limited Partnership.

Impairment  loss  on  goodwill:  The  net  loss  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  was 
negatively impacted by an impairment charge of ($10.0) million related to a write-down 
of goodwill in our Fuel Cell Products segment.

CASH FLOWS
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were $30.3 million (or $30.3 million net 
of  Operating  Facility  draws  of  nil) at  December  31,  2013,  compared  to  $21.8  million  (or 
$12.5 million  net  of  Operating  Facility  draws  of  $9.4  million)  at  December  31,  2012.  The 
$8.5 million  increase  in  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  in  2013  was 
driven by March and October Offering net proceeds of $20.0 million, net proceeds on sale 
of the Material Products segment of $9.1 million, Anglo Note financing of $4.0 million, and 
the Azure investment in Dantherm Power of $2.0 million. These inflows were partially offset 
by  a  net  loss  (excluding  non-cash  items)  of  ($12.0)  million,  by  net  working  capital 
requirements  of  ($5.4)  million,  and  by  net  repayments  against the  Operating  Facility  of 
($8.8) million. 

For  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2013,  cash  used  by  operating  activities  was
($0.9) million, consisting of cash operating losses of ($0.3) million and net working capital 
outflows of ($0.5) million. For the three months ended December 31, 2012, cash used by 
operating activities was ($0.5) million, consisting of cash operating losses of ($2.4) million 
and net working capital inflows of $1.9 million. The ($0.3) million increase in cash used by 
operating  activities  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013,  as  compared  to  the  fourth  quarter  of 
2012, was driven primarily by higher relative working capital requirements of ($2.4) million 
which  more  than  offset  lower  cash  operating  losses  of  $2.1 million. The  $2.1 million 
improvement in cash operating losses was due primarily to the $3.4 million improvement in 
Adjusted  EBITDA,  partially  offset  by  fourth  quarter  of  2012  cash  operating  income  from 
discontinued operations of ($1.2) million. In the fourth quarter of 2013, net working capital 
cash  outflows  of  ($0.5)  million  was  due  primarily  to  lower  accounts  payable  and  accrued 

Page 19 of 38

liabilities  of  ($6.9)  million  as  a  result  of  increased  supplier  payments  made  for  higher 
inventory  purchases  in  the  first  three  quarter  of  2013,  partially  offset  by  lower  accounts 
receivable  of  $4.8  million  due  to  significant  customer  collections  in  the  quarter,  and  by 
lower inventory levels of $1.5 million. Working capital inflows of $1.9 million in the fourth
quarter of 2012 were driven by lower inventory of $5.4 million as we consumed previously 
built-up or acquired inventory in order to fulfill the higher product shipments in the fourth 
quarter of 2012, combined with higher deferred revenue and cost recovery of $0.9 million. 
These fourth  quarter  of  2012  working  capital  inflows  were  partially  offset  by  higher 
accounts  receivable  of  ($2.5)  million  due  primarily  to  the  timing  of  shipment  versus 
collection of our fuel cell product and service revenues, and by lower accounts payable and
accrued  liabilities  of  ($2.6)  million  due  to  increased  supplier  payments  made  for  higher 
inventory purchases in the first three quarters of 2012.

For  the  year ended  December  31,  2013,  cash  used  by operating  activities  was  ($17.4) 
million,  consisting  of  cash  operating  losses  of  ($12.0)  million  and  net  working  capital
outflows of ($5.4) million. For the year ended December 31, 2012, cash used by operating 
activities was ($28.1) million, consisting of cash operating losses of ($22.2) million and net 
working  capital  outflows  of  ($5.9)  million. The  $10.7  million  reduction  in  cash  used  by 
operating activities in 2013, as compared to 2012, was driven by the relative improvement 
in  cash  operating  losses  of  $10.1 million  combined  with  the  reduction  in  working  capital 
requirements of $0.6 million. The $10.1 million improvement in cash operating losses was 
due  primarily  to  the  $13.9 million  improvement  in  Adjusted  EBITDA,  partially  offset  by 
2012  cash  operating  income  from  discontinued  operations  of  ($3.2)  million. In 2013,  net 
working  capital  outflows  of  ($5.4)  million  in  2013  was  driven  by  lower  accounts  payable 
and accrued liabilities of ($5.0) million as a result of increased supplier payments made for 
higher  inventory  purchases  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  and  in 2013,  and  by  higher 
inventory  of  ($2.9)  million  due  to  the  buildup of  inventory  to  support  expected  higher 
product  shipments  in  2014.  These  2013  working  capital  outflows  were  partially  offset  by 
lower  accounts  receivable  of  $1.9 million  primarily  as  a  result  of  the  timing  of  Bus  and 
Telecom  Backup  Power  revenues  and  the  related  customer  collections,  and  by higher 
deferred  revenue  of  $2.4 million  as  we  received  Engineering  Services  and  SDTC 
government  grant  receipts  in  advance  of  incurring  the  related  contract  work.  Working 
capital  outflows  of  ($5.9)  million  in  2012  was  driven  primarily  by  lower  accounts  payable 
and  accrued  liabilities  of  ($10.5)  million  due  to  increased  supplier  payments  made  for 
higher inventory purchases in the fourth quarter of 2011 and in the first three quarters of 
2012  combined  with  the  payment  of  accrued  2011  annual  employee  bonuses,  partially 
offset  by  lower  inventory  of  $4.4  million  as  we  consumed  previously  built-up  or  acquired 
inventory in order to fulfill the higher product shipments in the fourth quarter of 2012.

Investing activities resulted in cash outflows of ($0.1) million and inflows of $20.9 million, 
respectively, for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2013, compared to cash 
inflows of $0.4 million and $13.0 million for the corresponding periods of 2012. Changes in 
short-term  investments  resulted  in  cash  inflows  of  nil and  $12.1 million,  respectively,  for 
the three and twelve month periods ended December 31, 2013, compared to cash inflows 
of  $0.6  million  and  $13.8 million,  respectively,  for  the  corresponding  periods  of  2012.
Balances  change between  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  as  we  make 
investment  decisions  with  regards  to  the  term  of  investments  and  our  future  cash 
requirements. 

Other investing activities in 2013 consist primarily of net proceeds of $9.1 million received 
from the disposition of  the former Material Products segment. Other investing activities in 

Page 20 of 38

2012  consist  primarily  of  proceeds  on  sale  of  $0.4 million  for  previously  impaired 
manufacturing equipment, less capital expenditures of ($1.2) million. 

Financing activities resulted in cash inflows of $10.5 million and $16.9 million, respectively, 
for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2013, compared to cash outflows of 
($0.4) million  and  inflows  of  $4.6 million,  respectively,  for  the  corresponding  periods  of 
2012.  Financing  activities  in  2013  include  net  October  Offering  proceeds  of  $13.1  million, 
net  March  Offering  proceeds  of  $6.8  million,  Anglo  Note  financing  of  $4.0  million,  and 
proceeds  related  to  the  Azure  investment  in  Dantherm  Power  of  $2.0  million.  These 
financing cash inflows in 2013 were partially offset by the full repayment of ($9.1) million
against  our  Operating  Facility  which  was used  to  assist  with  the  financing of  our  working 
capital requirements and by finance lease payments of ($1.0) million. Financing activities in 
2012  primarily  represent  advances,  net  of  repayments,  of  $4.8 million  on  our  Operating 
Facility.  Financing  activities  in  2012  also  include  proceeds  on  convertible  debenture 
financing  from  the  Dantherm  Power  non-controlling  interests  to  Dantherm  Power  of  $0.9
million, partially offset by finance lease payments of ($1.0) million. 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

At December 31, 2013, we had total Liquidity of $30.3 million. We measure Liquidity as our 
net  cash  position,  consisting  of the  sum  of  our  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term 
investments  of  $30.3 million,  net  of  amounts  drawn  on  our $10  million  Canadian demand 
revolving facility (“Operating Facility”) of nil. The Operating Facility is occasionally used to 
assist  in  financing  our  short  term  working  capital  requirements and is  secured  by  a 
hypothecation of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments.

We  also  have a  $2.3 million  Canadian capital  leasing  facility  (“Leasing  Facility”)  which  is 
used to finance the acquisition and / or lease  of operating equipment and is secured by a
hypothecation  of  our  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments.  At  December,
2013, $1.8 million was outstanding on the Leasing Facility.

Our Liquidity objective is to maintain cash balances  sufficient to fund at least six quarters 
of  forecasted  cash  used  by  operating  activities  at  all  times.  Our  strategy  to  attain  this 
objective  is  to  continue  our  drive  to  attain  profitable  operations  that  are  sustainable by 
executing a  business  plan  that  continues  to focus  on  Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services 
revenue  growth,  improving  overall  gross  margins,  minimizing  Cash  Operating  Costs, 
managing  working  capital  requirements,  and  securing  additional  financing  to  fund  our 
operations  as  needed  until  we  do  achieve  profitable  operations  that  are  sustainable.  As  a 
result  of  our  recent  actions  to  bolster  our  cash  balances  including  the  disposition  of  the 
Material Products division, the March and October equity Offerings, and the issuance of the 
Anglo Note, we believe that we have adequate liquidity in cash and working capital to meet 
this Liquidity objective and to finance our operations.

Failure to achieve or maintain this Liquidity objective will have a material adverse effect on 
our financial condition and results of operations including our ability to continue as a going 
concern. There are also various risks and uncertainties affecting our ability to achieve this 
Liquidity  objective  including,  but  not  limited  to,  the  market  acceptance  and  rate  of 
commercialization  of  our  products,  the  ability  to  successfully  execute  our  business  plan, 
and general global economic conditions, certain of which are beyond our control. While we 
continue to make significant investments in product development and market development 
activities  necessary  to  commercialize  our  products,  and  make  increased  investments  in 
working  capital  as  we  grow  our  business,  our  actual  liquidity  requirements  will  also  vary 
and  will  be  impacted  by  our  relationships  with  our  lead  customers  and  strategic  partners, 

Page 21 of 38

our  success  in  developing  new  channels  to  market  and  relationships  with  customers,  our 
success in generating revenue growth from near-term product opportunities, our success in 
managing  our  operating  expense  and  working  capital  requirements,  foreign  exchange 
fluctuations, and the progress and results of our research, development and demonstration 
programs.

In addition to our existing cash reserves of $30.3 million at December 31, 2013, there are 
7.275 million warrants outstanding (expire March 27, 2018) from the March Offering each 
of  which enables  the  holder to  purchase  one  common  share  at  a  fixed  price  of  $1.50  per 
common share, and 2.588 million warrants outstanding (expire October 9, 2018) from the 
October Offering each of which enable the holder to purchase one common share at a fixed 
price  of  $2.00  per  common  share. If any  of  these  warrants  are  exercised,  our  liquidity 
position  would  be  further  augmented.  We  may  also  choose  to  pursue  additional  liquidity 
through  the  issuance  of  debt  or  equity  in  private  or  public  market  financings.  To  enable
such  an  action and  to  allow  the  exercise  of  warrants,  we  filed a  short  form  base  shelf 
prospectus (“Prospectus”) in April 2012 in each of the provinces and territories of Canada, 
except  Quebec,  and  a  corresponding  shelf  registration  statement  on  Form  F-10 
(“Registration  Statement”)  with  the  United  States  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission.
These filings enable offerings of equity securities during the effective period (to May 2014) 
of  the  Prospectus  and  Registration  Statements.  However,  no  assurance  can  be  given  that 
any  such  additional  liquidity  will  be  available  or  that,  if  available,  it  can  be  obtained  on 
terms favorable to the Company.

2014 BUSINESS OUTLOOK 

We expect the positive growth trends in 2012 and 2013 to continue in 2014 with a similar 
trajectory  as  we  continue  to  pursue  our  growth  strategy  for  fuel  cell  product  sales, 
engineering services and intellectual property licensing. For 2014, we expect:

(cid:120) Revenue growth of approximately 30% (over 2013 revenue of $61.3 million); and

(cid:120) Approximately break-even Adjusted EBITDA (from ($8.2) million in 2013).

Consistent with the past couple of years, we expect a majority of our 2014 revenue to be 
realized  in  the  second  half  of  the  year.  Our  revenue  outlook  for  2014 is  based  on  our 
internal  revenue  forecast  which  reflects  an  assessment  of  overall  business  conditions  and 
takes  into  account  actual  sales  in  the  first  two  months of  2014,  sales  orders  received  for 
units and services to be delivered in 2014, and an estimate with respect to the generation 
of  new  sales  in  each  of  our  markets for  the  balance  of  2014. Our  2014  business  revenue 
outlook  is  also  supported  by  our  12-month  order  book  of  $43.5  million  at  December  31, 
2013 ($36.8 million at December 31, 2012). The primary risk factors that could cause us to 
miss our revenue guidance for 2014 are Azure not fulfilling its obligations under the Azure 
Bus Licensing Agreement and other purchase commitments, delays from forecast in terms 
of  closing  and  delivering  expected  sales  primarily  in  our  Telecom  Backup  Power  market,
and  potential  disruptions  in  the  Material  Handling  market  as  a  result  of  our  reliance  on  a 
single customer in this market.

The  key  drivers  for  the  expected  improvement  in  Adjusted  EBITDA  for  2014 are expected 
increases in gross margins driven primarily by the above noted 30% increase in expected 
overall  revenues combined  with  a  continued  shift  to higher-margin  Engineering Services 
and  intellectual  property  licensing revenues, supported  by  continued  operating  expense 
optimization  and  a  resulting  reduction  in  Cash  Operating  Costs  to  the  low  to  mid-$20 
million  range in  2014 from  $28.3  million  in  2013. Consistent  with  the  expectation  that  a 
majority  of  our  2014 revenue  will  fall  in  the  last  half  of  the  year,  Adjusted  EBITDA  is 

Page 22 of 38

expected to be improved in the last half of 2014, as compared to the first half of 2014.

Our  Adjusted  EBITDA  outlook  for  2014 is  based  on  our  internal  Adjusted  EBITDA  forecast 
and takes into account our actual results for the first two months  of 2014, our  forecasted 
gross margin related to the above revenue forecast, the costs of our current and forecasted 
Cash Operating Costs, and assumes an average U.S. dollar exchange rate in the low 90’s in 
relation  to  the  Canadian  dollar for  2014.  The  primary  risk  factors that  could  cause  us  to 
miss  our  target  Adjusted  EBITDA  outlook  for  2014 is lower  than  expected  gross  margins 
due to (i) Azure not fulfilling its obligations under the Azure Bus Licensing Agreement and 
other  purchase  commitments,  unexpected  delays  in  terms  of  closing  and  delivering 
expected  sales  orders  primarily  in  our  Telecom  Backup  Power  market, or  lower  revenues 
from forecast due to potential disruptions in the Material Handling market as a result of our 
reliance  on  a  single  customer  in  this  market;  (ii)  shifts  in  product  and  service  sales  mix 
negatively impacting projected gross margin as a percentage of revenues; or (iii) delays in 
the  timing  of  our  projected  product  cost  reductions.  In  addition,  Adjusted  EBITDA  could 
also  be  negatively  impacted  by  increases  in  Cash  Operating  Costs  as  a  result  of  (i)  lower 
than  anticipated  labour-based  engineering  services  revenues  or  government  cost 
recoveries,  or increased  product  development  costs  due  to  unexpected  cost  overruns;  or 
(ii) negative foreign exchange impacts due to a higher than expected Canadian dollar which 
impacts  the  cost  of  our  Canadian  dollar  denominated  operating  expense  base  (primarily 
labour). A  $0.01  decrease  in  the  Canadian  dollar,  relative  to  the  U.S.  dollar,  positively 
impacts  annual  Cash  Operating  Costs  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  by  approximately $0.2  million 
to $0.3 million.

Similar to prior years and consistent with our revenue, Cash  Operating Cost and Adjusted 
EBITDA  performance  expectations  for  2014 and  the  resulting  expected  impacts  on  gross 
margin  and  working  capital,  we  expect  cash use in  2014 to  be  higher  in  the  first  half  of 
2014,  as  compared  to  the  second  half  of  2014. Cash use in  the  first  half  of  2014  is 
expected to be negatively impacted by the payout of annual 2013 employee bonuses, the 
buildup of inventory to support higher product shipments in the last half of the year, and by 
the timing of revenues and the related customer collections which are also expected to be 
skewed towards the last half of the year. Our cash usage expectations for 2014 is based on 
our  internal  net  cash  forecast  and  takes  into  account  our  actual  results  for  the  first  two 
months of 2014 and our forecasted net cash requirements for the balance of the year as a 
result  of  the  above  noted  Adjusted  EBITDA  forecast  and  our  expectations  for  working 
capital requirements, capital expenditures, and other investing, and financing activities for 
the  year.  The  primary  risk  factors  that  could  cause  us  to  miss  our  cash  flow  from 
operations expectations for 2014 are lower than expected Adjusted EBITDA performance as 
a  result  of  the  occurrence  of  any  or  all  of  the  above  noted  risk  factors,  and  increased 
working  capital  requirements  primarily  as  a  result  of  (i)  higher  than  anticipated  accounts 
receivable due to delays in the timing of revenues and the related customer collections, (ii) 
unexpected  changes  in  the  timing  and  amount  of  expected  government  grants  and  the 
related  contract  payments;  (iii)  unexpected  changes  in  the  timing  and  mix  of  supplier 
purchases and payments; and (iv) increased inventory levels due to unexpected changes in 
the timing and mix of expected product shipments.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS & CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

Periodically, we use forward foreign exchange and forward platinum purchase contracts to 
manage  our  exposure  to  currency  rate  fluctuations  and  platinum  price  fluctuations.  We 
record these contracts at their fair value as either assets or liabilities on our balance sheet. 
Any changes in fair value are either (i) recorded in our statement of comprehensive income 

Page 23 of 38

if formally designated and qualified under hedge accounting criteria; or (ii) recorded in our 
statement of operations if either not designated, or not qualified, under hedge accounting 
criteria. At  December  31,  2013,  we  did  not  have  any  outstanding  foreign  exchange 
currency contracts or outstanding platinum forward purchase contracts. 

At  December  31,  2013,  we  did  not  have  any  other  material  obligations  under  guarantee 
contracts,  retained  or  contingent  interests  in  transferred  assets,  outstanding  derivative 
instruments or non-consolidated variable interests.  

At  December  31,  2013,  we  had  the  following  contractual  obligations  and  commercial
commitments:

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)
Contractual Obligations

Total

Payments due by period,
1-3 years 

3-5 years

Less than 
one year

After 5 
years

Operating leases

Capital leases

Asset retirement obligations

$

18,114 $

2,566  $ 

5,262  $ 

5,161  $ 

5,125

17,318

5,955

2,179 

3,413

2,621

-

-

-

9,105

5,955

Total contractual obligations

$

41,387 $

4,745  $ 

8,675  $ 

7,782  $ 

20,185

In  addition,  we  have  outstanding  commitments  of  nil related  primarily  to  purchases  of 
capital assets at December 31, 2013. Capital expenditures pertain to our regular operations 
and  are  expected  to  be  funded  through  cash  on  hand. Furthermore,  we  have  issued 
irrevocable  bank  guarantees  totaling  $0.6  million  at  December  31,  2013  related  to 
equipment prepayments received that expire in June 2014.

Prior  to  January  15,  2013,  we  also  had previous  funding  obligations  that  were  repayable 
through  potential  royalties  in  respect  of  sales  of  certain  fuel  cell-based  stationary  power 
products under a development program with the Canadian government agency, Technology 
Partnerships  Canada  (“TPC”).  Under  the  terms  of  the  Utilities  Development  Program  with 
TPC, total royalties were payable annually at 4% of revenue of such products and limited to 
a total  maximum  repayment  of  CDN  $38.3  million.  As  at  January  15,  2013,  a  cumulative 
total  of  CDN  $5.3  million  in  royalty  repayments  has been  made  to  TPC. On  January  15, 
2013,  we  reached  an  agreement  with  TPC  to  terminate the  Company’s  obligation  for all 
existing  and  future  potential  royalties  payable  in  respect  of  future  sales  of  fuel  cell  based 
stationary power products under the Utilities Development Program in exchange for a final 
repayment  to  TPC  of  CDN  $1.9  million. The  CDN  $1.9  million  settlement  was  paid in  four 
equal quarterly installments of CDN $0.48 million in 2013.

As of December 31, 2013, we retain a previous funding obligation to pay royalties of 2% of 
revenues  (to  a  maximum  of  CDN $5.4  million)  on  sales of  certain  fuel  cell  products  for 
commercial  distributed  utility  applications. No  royalties  have  been  incurred  to  date  as  a 
result of this agreement.

As of December 31, 2013, we retain a previous funding obligation to pay royalties of 2% of 
revenues (to  a  maximum  of  CDN $2.2 million)  on sales  on  certain  fuel  cell  products  for 
commercial transit applications. No royalties have been incurred to date as a result of this 
agreement.

In  the  ordinary  course  of  business  or  as  required  by  certain  acquisition  or  disposition 
agreements,  we  are  periodically  required  to  provide  certain  indemnities  to  other  parties. 
Our  Arrangement  with  Superior  Plus  includes  an  indemnification  agreement  dated 
December  31,  2008  (the  "Indemnity  Agreement"),  which  sets  out  the  parties’  continuing 
obligations to the other. The Indemnity Agreement has two basic elements: it provides for 

Page 24 of 38

 
the indemnification by each of the parties to the other for breaches of representations and 
warranties or covenants as well as, in our case, any liability relating to our business which 
is  suffered  by  Superior  Plus.  Our  indemnity  to  Superior  Plus  with  respect  to  our 
representation  relating  to  the  existence  of  our  tax  pools  immediately  prior  to  the 
completion  of  the  Arrangement  is  limited  to  an  aggregate  of  CDN  $7.4  million  with  a 
threshold  amount  of  CDN  $0.5  million  before  there  is  an obligation  to  make  a  payment. 
Second,  the  Indemnity  Agreement  provides  for  adjustments  to  be  paid  by  us,  or  to  us, 
depending  on  the  final  determination  of  the  amount  of  our  Canadian  non-capital  losses, 
scientific research and development expenditures and investment tax credits generated to 
December  31,  2008,  to  the  extent  that  such  amounts  are  more  or  less  than  the  amounts 
estimated at the time the Arrangement was executed. At December 31, 2013, we have not 
accrued  any  amount  owing,  or  receivable,  as  a  result  of  the  Indemnity  Agreement or  any 
other indemnity agreements undertaken in the ordinary course of business.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Related  parties  include  shareholders  with  a  significant  ownership  interest  in  either  us or
Dantherm  Power,  together  with  their  subsidiaries  and  affiliates. Revenues  and  costs 
recognized  from  such  transactions  reflect  the  prices  and  terms  of  sale  and  purchase 
transactions  with  related  parties,  which  are  in  accordance  with  normal  trade  practices at 
fair  value. For  2013  and 2012,  related  party  transactions  and  balances  are  limited  to 
transactions between Dantherm Power and its non-controlling interests and are as follows:

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Three months ended
December 31,

Year ended
December 31,

Transactions with related parties

2013

2012

2013

Purchases

Finance expense on Dantherm Power 
debt to Dantherm Power non-
controlling interests

$         97

$         64

$

 $ 

-

$

185

$

86 

  $ 

322  $ 

2012

309

289

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Balances with related parties(cid:3)

Trade accounts payable

Interest payable

Dantherm Power debt to Dantherm Power non-controlling interests

As at December 31,

2013

139

16

550

2012

100

417

2,507

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

On  November  27,  2013,  all  of  the  convertible  debt  issued  by  our  subsidiary  Dantherm 
Power to the non-controlling interests in Dantherm Power was exercised and converted into 
shares  of  Dantherm  Power.  The  conversion  did  not  impact  the  respective  ownership  of 
Dantherm  Power  with  Ballard  retaining  a  52%  ownership  interest  as  compared  to  a  38% 
interest  held  by  Dantherm  A/S  and  a  10%  interest  held  by  Azure.  On  conversion,  the 
convertible  debt  (including  interest  payable)  held  by  the  non-controlling  interests, 
Dantherm  A/S  and  Azure,  totaling  $3.5  million,  was  reclassified  on  Ballard’s  statement  of 
financial position from debt to equity. As of December 31, 2013, the outstanding Dantherm 
Power  debt  (including  interest)  to  Dantherm  Power  non-controlling  interests  totals  $0.6 
million,  bears  interest  at  6.0%  per  annum,  is  non-convertible,  and  is  repayable  by 
December 31, 2014 (extended to December 31, 2014 in February 2014). 

Page 25 of 38

OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA

As at February 25, 2014(cid:3)

Common share outstanding 

Warrants outstanding

Options outstanding

110,136,401

9,862,500

6,659,383

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION 
UNCERTAINTY

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with IFRS, which require 
us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and 
the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ 
from  those  estimates. Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing 
basis Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates 
are revised and in any future periods affected.

Critical Judgments in Applying Accounting Policies:

Critical  judgments  that  we  have  made  in  the  process  of  applying  our  accounting  policies 
and  that  have  the  most  significant  effect  on  the  amounts  recognized  in  the  consolidated 
financial statements is limited to our assessment of the Corporation’s ability to continue as 
a  going  concern  (See  Note  2  (e)  to  our  condensed  consolidated  interim  financial 
statements).

Our  significant  accounting  policies  are  detailed  in  note  4 to  our  annual  consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013.

Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty:

The  following  are  key  assumptions  concerning  the  future  and  other  key  sources  of 
estimation uncertainty that have a significant risk  of  resulting in a material adjustment to 
the  reported  amount  of  assets, liabilities,  income  and  expenses  within  the  next  financial 
year.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenues are generated primarily from product sales, services and licenses in our Fuel Cell 
Products and  Services  segment.  Product  revenues  are  derived  primarily  from  standard 
equipment  and  material  sales  contracts  and  from  long-term  fixed  price  contracts.  Service
and license revenues are derived primarily from cost-plus reimbursable contracts and from 
long-term fixed price contracts.

On  standard  equipment  and  material  sales  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized when  (i) 
significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods has been transferred to the buyer; 
(ii)  we  retain  neither  continuing  managerial  involvement  to  the  degree  usually  associated 
with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold; (iii) the amount of revenue can be 
measured  reliably;  (iv)  it  is  probable  that  the  economic  benefits  associated  with  the  sale 
will accrue to us; and (v) the costs incurred, or to be incurred, in respect of the transaction 
can be measured reliably. Provisions are made at the time of sale for warranties. Revenue 
recognition  for  standard  equipment  and  material  sales  contracts  does  not  usually  involve 
significant estimates. 

On  cost-plus  reimbursable  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized  as  costs  are  incurred,  and 
include  applicable  fees  earned  as  services  are  provided.  Revenue  recognition  for  cost-plus 

Page 26 of 38

reimbursable contracts does not usually involve significant estimates.

On long-term fixed price contracts, revenues are recorded on the percentage-of-completion 
basis  over  the  duration  of  the  contract,  which  consists  of  recognizing  revenue  on  a  given 
contract  proportionately  with  its  percentage  of  completion  at  any  given  time.  The 
percentage of completion is determined by dividing the cumulative costs incurred as at the 
balance sheet date by the sum of incurred and anticipated costs for completing a contract. 

(cid:120)

(cid:120)

The  determination  of  anticipated  costs  for  completing  a  contract  is  based  on 
estimates  that  can  be  affected  by  a  variety  of  factors  such  as  variances  in  the 
timeline to completion, the cost  of materials, the availability and cost of labour, as 
well as productivity.

The  determination  of  potential  revenues  includes  the  contractually  agreed  amount 
and may be adjusted based on the estimate of our attainment on achieving certain 
defined contractual milestones. Management’s estimation is required in determining 
the  probability  that  the  revenue  will  be  received  and  in  determining  the 
measurement of that amount. 

Estimates used to determine revenues and costs of long-term fixed price contracts involve 
uncertainties  that  ultimately  depend  on  the  outcome  of  future  events  and  are  periodically 
revised as projects progress. There is a risk that a customer may ultimately disagree with 
our  assessment  of  the  progress  achieved  against  milestones  or  that  our  estimates  of  the 
work  required  to  complete  a  contract  may  change.  The  cumulative  effect  of  changes  to 
anticipated revenues and anticipated costs for completing a contract are recognized in the 
period in which the revisions are identified. In the event that the anticipated costs exceed 
the anticipated revenues on a contract, such loss is recognized in its entirety in the period 
it becomes known.

During the three months and year ended December, 2013 and 2012, there was no material 
adjustments to revenues relating to revenue recognized in a prior period. 

ASSET IMPAIRMENT

The  carrying  amounts  of  our  non-financial  assets  other  than  inventories  are  reviewed  at 
each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such 
indication  exists,  then  the  asset’s  recoverable  amount  is  estimated.  For  goodwill  and 
intangible  assets  that  have  indefinite  useful  lives,  the  recoverable  amount  is  estimated  at 
least annually. 

The  recoverable  amount  of  an  asset  or  cash-generating  unit  is  the  greater  of  its  value  in 
use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash 
flows  are  discounted  to  their  present  value  using  a  pre-tax  discount  rate  that  reflects 
current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. 
In assessing fair value less costs to sell, the price that would be received on the sale of an 
asset  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date  is 
estimated. For the purposes of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually 
are  grouped  together  into  the  smallest  group  of  assets  that  generates  cash  inflows  from 
continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other groups of assets. A
cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated reflects the lowest level at which 
goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes. Many of the factors used in assessing 
fair  value  are  outside  the  control  of  management  and  it  is  reasonably  likely  that 
assumptions and estimates will change from period to period. These changes may result in 
future  impairments.  For  example,  our  revenue  growth  rate  could  be  lower  than  projected 

Page 27 of 38

due to economic, industry or competitive factors, or the discount rate used in our value in 
use  model  could  increase  due  to  a  change  in  market  interest  rates.  In  addition,  future 
goodwill impairment charges may be necessary if our market capitalization decreased due 
to  a  decline  in  the  trading  price  of  our  common  stock,  which  could  negatively  impact  the 
fair value of our operating segments.

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its cash-generating 
unit  exceeds  its  estimated  recoverable  amount.  Impairment  losses  are  recognized  in  net 
loss.  Impairment  losses  recognized  in  respect  of  the  cash-generating  units  are  allocated 
first  to  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  the  units,  and  then  to 
reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit on a pro-rata basis.

An  impairment  loss  in  respect  of  goodwill  is  not  reversed.  In  respect  of  other  assets, 
impairment losses  recognized in prior periods  are assessed at  each  reporting date for  any 
indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed 
only  to  the  extent  that  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  does  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount 
that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of  depreciation  or  amortization,  if  no  impairment 
loss had been recognized.

We  perform  the  annual  review  of  goodwill  as  at  December  31  of  each  year,  more  often  if 
events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  it  might  be  impaired.  Under  IFRS,  the 
annual  review  of  goodwill  requires  a  comparison  of  the  carrying  value  of  the  asset  to  the 
higher of (i) value in use; and (ii) fair value less costs to sell. Value in use is defined as the 
present  value  of  future  cash  flows  expected  to  be  derived  from  the  asset  in  its  current 
state. As of December 31, 2013, our consolidated goodwill balance of $36.3 million relates 
solely  to  our  Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  segment. Based  on  the  impairment  test 
performed  as  at  December  31,  2013, we  have  concluded  that  no  goodwill  impairment 
charge  is  required  for  the  year  ending  December  31,  2013.  Details  of  our  2013  goodwill 
impairment tests are as follows:

(cid:120) One  of  the  methods  used  to  assess  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  goodwill  is  a  fair 
value,  less  costs  to  sale,  test.  Our  fair  value  test  is  in  effect  a  modified  market 
capitalization assessment, whereby we calculate the fair value of the Fuel Cell Products
and  Services segment  by  first  calculating  the  value  of  the  Company  at  December  31, 
2013 based  on  the  average  closing  share  price  in  the  month  of  December,  add  a 
reasonable  estimated  control  premium  of  25%  to  determine  the  Company’s  enterprise 
value  on  a  controlling  basis  after  adjusting  for  excess  cash  balances,  and  then 
deducting the  estimated costs  to  sell from  this  enterprise  value  to  arrive  at  the  fair 
value  of  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  segment.  As  a  result  of  this  assessment,  we  have 
determined  that  the  fair  value  of  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  segment  exceeds  its  carrying 
value by  a  significant  amount  as  of  December  31,  2013  indicating  that  no  impairment 
charge is required for 2013.

(cid:120)

In addition to this fair value test, we also performed a value in use test on our Fuel Cell 
Products and Services segment that compared the carrying value of the segment to the 
present  value  of  future  cash  flows  expected  to  be  derived  from  the  segment.  The 
principal  factors  used  in  this  discounted  cash  flow  analysis  requiring  significant 
estimation  are  the  projected  results  of  operations,  the  discount  rate  based  on  the 
weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”), and terminal value assumptions. Our value 
in  use  test  was  based  on  a  WACC  of  15%;  an  average  estimated  compound  annual 
growth  rate  of  approximately  30% from  2013  to  2018;  and  a  terminal  year  EBITDA 
multiplied by a terminal value multiplier of 5.0. Our value in use assessment resulted in 

Page 28 of 38

an  estimated  fair  value  for  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  segment  that  is 
consistent  with  that  as  determined  under  the  above  fair  value,  less  costs  to  sell, 
assessment. As a  result of this assessment, we have determined that the fair value of 
the Fuel Cell Products segment exceeds its carrying value by a significant amount as of 
December 31, 2013 indicating that no impairment charge is required for 2013.

In  addition  to  the  above  goodwill  impairment  test,  we  perform  a  quarterly  assessment of 
the  carrying  amounts  of  our  non-financial  assets  (other  than  inventories)  to  determine 
whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.  As  a  result  of  this  review, we  recorded  an 
impairment  charge  of  ($0.6)  million  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31, 
2012 related to a write-down of manufacturing equipment that was never put into use. 

WARRANTY PROVISION

A  provision  for  warranty  costs  is  recorded  on  product  sales  at  the  time  of  shipment.  In 
establishing  the  accrued  warranty  liabilities,  we  estimate  the  likelihood  that  products  sold 
will  experience  warranty  claims  and  the  cost  to  resolve  claims  received.  In  making  such 
determinations,  we  use  estimates  based  on  the  nature  of  the  contract  and  past  and 
projected  experience  with  the  products.  Should  these  estimates  prove  to  be  incorrect,  we 
may  incur  costs  different  from  those  provided  for  in  our  warranty  provisions.  During  the 
three  months  and  year ended  December  31,  2013,  we  recorded  provisions  to  accrued 
warranty  liabilities  of  $0.1 million and  $1.3 million,  respectively, for  new product  sales, 
compared  to  $0.4 million and  $1.5 million,  respectively,  for  the  three  months  and  year 
ended December 31, 2012.

We review our warranty assumptions and make adjustments to accrued warranty liabilities 
quarterly based  on the  latest information available and to reflect the  expiry of  contractual 
obligations. Adjustments to accrued warranty liabilities are recorded in cost of product and 
service revenues. As a result of these reviews and the resulting adjustments, our warranty 
provision  and  cost  of  revenues  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2013
were  adjusted  downwards  by  a  net  amount  of  $1.0  million  and  $1.5  million,  respectively, 
compared  to  a  net  adjustment (upwards) downwards  of  ($0.2)  million  and  $0.4 million, 
respectively, for the three months and year ended December 31, 2012. The adjustments to 
the  accrued  warranty  liability  provisions were  primarily  due  to  contractual  expirations, 
changes in  estimated  and  actual  costs  to  repair,  and  improved  lifetimes  and  reliability  of 
our fuel cell products.

INVENTORY PROVISION

In determining the lower of cost and net realizable value of our inventory and establishing 
the  appropriate  provision  for  inventory  obsolescence,  we  estimate  the  likelihood  that 
inventory carrying values will be affected by changes in market pricing or demand for our 
products  and  by  changes  in  technology  or  design  which  could  make  inventory  on  hand 
obsolete or recoverable at less than cost. We perform regular reviews to assess the impact 
of changes in technology and design, sales trends and other changes on the carrying value 
of  inventory.  Where  we  determine  that  such  changes  have  occurred  and  will  have  a 
negative  impact  on  the  value  of  inventory  on  hand,  appropriate  provisions  are  made.  If 
there  is  a  subsequent  increase  in  the  value  of  inventory  on  hand,  reversals  of  previous 
write-downs  to  net  realizable  value  are  made.  Unforeseen  changes  in  these  factors  could 
result in additional inventory provisions, or reversals of previous provisions, being required. 
During the three months and year ended December 31, 2013, inventory provisions of $0.5
million and  $0.8 million,  respectively,  were  recorded  as  a  charge  to  cost  of  product  and

Page 29 of 38

service  revenues,  compared  to  $0.2  million  and  $0.7 million,  respectively,  for  the  three 
months and year ended December 31, 2012.

EMPLOYEE FUTURE BENEFITS

The  present  value  of  our  defined  benefit  obligation  is  determined  by  discounting  the 
estimated  future  cash  outflows  using  interest  rates  of  high-quality  corporate  bonds  that 
have  terms  to  maturity  approximating  the  terms  of  the  related  pension  liability. 
Determination  of  benefit  expense  requires  assumptions  such  as  the  discount  rate  to 
measure  obligations,  expected  plan  investment  performance,  expected  healthcare  cost 
trend  rate,  and  retirement  ages  of  employees.  Actual  results  will  differ  from  the  recorded 
amounts based on these estimates and assumptions. 

INCOME TAXES

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, 
deferred income  taxes  are  recognized  for  the  deferred  income  tax  consequences 
attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial  statement  carrying  values  of  assets  and 
liabilities and their respective income tax bases (temporary differences) and for loss carry-
forwards.  The  resulting  changes  in  the  net  deferred  tax  asset  or  liability  are  included  in 
income.

Deferred  tax assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted,  or  substantively enacted, 
tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences 
are  expected  to  be  recovered  or  settled.  The  effect  on  deferred  income  tax  assets  and 
liabilities,  of  a  change  in  tax  rates,  is  included  in  income  in  the  period  that  includes  the 
substantive  enactment  date.  Deferred  income  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting 
period  and  are  reduced  to  the  extent  that  it  is  no  longer  probable  that  the  related  tax 
benefit  will  be  realized.  As  of  December  31,  2013  and  2012,  we  have  not  recorded  any 
deferred income tax assets on our consolidated statement of financial position.

NEW AND FUTURE IFRS ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Recently Adopted Accounting Policy Changes:

As  required  by  IFRS,  we  adopted  the  following  accounting  standard  changes  effective
January 1, 2013. 

IFRS 10 – CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  10  “Consolidated  Financial  Statements”  which  is  a 
replacement of SIC-12 “Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities”, and certain parts of IAS 
27  “Consolidated  and  Separate  Financial  Statements”.  IFRS  10  uses  control  as  the  single 
basis  for  consolidation,  irrespective  of  the  nature  of  the  investee,  employing  the  following 
factors to identify control:

a) Power over the investee;

b) Exposure or rights to variable returns from involvement with the investee;

c) The ability to use power over the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s returns.

The  adoption  of  IFRS  10  did not  change  our  conclusions  around  control  of  our  investees, 
and  therefore  no  adjustment  to  previous  accounting  for  investees  was  required  in  our
consolidated financial statements.

IFRS 11 – JOINT ARRANGEMENTS

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  11  “Joint  Arrangements”  which  supersedes  IAS  31 

Page 30 of 38

“Interests  in  Joint  Ventures”  and  SIC-13  “Jointly  Controlled  Entities  – Non-Monetary 
Contributions  by  Venturers”.  IFRS  11  requires  that  joint  ventures  be  accounted  for  using 
the equity method of accounting and eliminates the need for proportionate consolidation. 

We were not impacted by the adoption of IFRS 11.

IFRS 12 – DISCLOSURE OF INTERESTS IN OTHER ENTITIES

In May 2011, the IASB published IFRS 12 “Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities” which 
requires  that  an  entity  disclose  information  on  the  nature  of  and  risks  associated  with  its 
interests 
joint  arrangements,  associates  or 
unconsolidated  structured  entities)  and  the  effects  of  those  interests  on  its  financial 
statements. 

in  other  entities  (i.e.  subsidiaries, 

The  adoption  of  IFRS  12  did  not  have  a  material  impact  on  our  consolidated  financial 
statements.

IFRS 13 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

In  May  2011,  the  IASB  published  IFRS  13  “Fair  Value  Measurement”  to  establish  a  single 
framework for fair value measurement of financial and non-financial items. IFRS 13 defines 
fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in 
an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date.  It  also 
requires disclosure of certain information on fair value measurements. 

The  adoption  of  IFRS  13  did  not  have  a material  impact  on  our  consolidated  financial 
statements. In accordance with IFRS 13, we have included additional fair value disclosures 
in our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013.

AMENDMENTS TO IAS 19 – EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

In  June  2011,  the  IASB  issued  amendments  to  IAS  19  “Employee  Benefits”.  Changes  in 
defined  benefit  obligations  and  plan  assets  are  to  be  recognized  in  other  comprehensive 
income  when  they  occur,  thus  eliminating  the  corridor  approach  and  accelerating 
recognition  of  past  service  cost.  Net  interest  is  to  be  recognized  in  net  earnings  and 
calculated using the discount rate by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting 
period on high quality corporate bonds. The actual return on plan assets minus net interest 
is to be recognized in other comprehensive income. 

The adoption of IFRS 19 did not have a material impact on our financial statements as our
accounting  policy  for  employee  benefits  for  the  presentation  of  pension  expense  and  the 
immediate  recognition  of  actuarial  gains  and  losses  in  other  comprehensive  income  is 
consistent with the requirements of the amended IAS 19 standard. In accordance with the 
amended  IAS  19  standard,  we  have  included  the  required  additional  disclosures our 
consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013. Furthermore, the 
computation of annual expense for 2013 has been based on the application of the discount 
rate used for the calculation of the defined benefit obligation to the expected return on plan 
assets, the impact of which was not material.

AMENDMENTS TO IAS 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

In  June  2011,  the  IASB  issued  amendments  to  IAS  1  “Presentation  of  Financial 
Statements”. Items of other comprehensive income and the corresponding tax expense are 
required to be grouped into those that will and will not subsequently be reclassified through 
net earnings. 

The adoption of the amendments to IAS 1 did not have a material impact on our financial 

Page 31 of 38

statements. In accordance with the amendments to IAS 1, we have modified our statement 
of  profit  or  loss  and  other  comprehensive  income  in  our  consolidated  financial  statements 
for the year ended December 31, 2013.

Future Accounting Policy Changes:

The  following  is  an  overview  of  accounting  standard  changes  that  we  will  be  required  to 
adopt  in  future  years.  We  do  not  expect  to  adopt  any  of  these  standards  before  their 
effective  dates and  we  continue  to  evaluate  the  impact  of  these  standards  on  our 
consolidated financial statements.

IFRS 9 – FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

IFRS  9  “Financial  Instruments” introduces  new  requirements  for  the  classification  and 
measurement  of  financial  assets. IFRS  9  requires  all  recognized  financial  assets  that  are 
within  the  scope  of  IAS  39  “Financial  Instruments: Recognition  and  Measurement”  to  be 
measured at amortized cost or fair value in subsequent accounting periods following initial 
recognition.  Specifically,  financial  assets  that are  held  within  a  business  model  whose 
objective is to collect the contractual cash flows, and that have contractual cash flows that 
are  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal outstanding are  generally 
measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. All other financial 
assets  including  equity  investments  are  measured  at  their  fair  values  at  the  end  of 
subsequent accounting periods.

Requirements  for  classification  and  measurement  of financial  liabilities  were  added  in 
October  2010  and  they  largely  carried  forward  requirements  in  IAS  39,  except  that  fair 
value  changes  due  to  credit  risk  for  liabilities  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  and 
loss would generally be recorded in other comprehensive income.

IFRS 9 was amended in November 2013, to (i) include guidance on hedge accounting, (ii) 
allow entities to early adopt the requirement to recognize changes in fair value attributable 
to changes in an entity’s own credit risk, from financial liabilities designated under the fair 
value  option,  in  other  comprehensive  income,  without  having  to  adopt  the  remainder  of
IFRS 9, and to (iii) remove the previous mandatory  effective date for  adoption of January 
1, 2015, although the standard is available for early adoption.

AMENDMENTS TO OTHER IFRS STANDARDS

IAS  32  Financial  Instruments:  Presentation addresses  inconsistencies  when  applying  the 
offsetting requirements, and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 
2014.  We  do  not  expect  these  amendments  to  have  a  material  impact  on  our  financial 
statements.

SUPPLEMENTAL NON-GAAP MEASURES

In  addition  to providing  measures  prepared  in  accordance  with  GAAP,  we  present  certain 
supplemental non-GAAP measures. These measures are Cash Operating Costs, EBITDA and 
Adjusted  EBITDA,  and  Normalized  Net  Loss.  These  non-GAAP  measures  do  not  have  any 
standardized  meaning prescribed  by  GAAP  and  therefore  are  unlikely  to  be  comparable  to 
similar measures presented by other  companies. We believe these measures are useful in 
evaluating  the  operating  performance  and  liquidity  of  the  Company’s  ongoing  business. 
These  measures  should  be  considered  in  addition  to,  and  not  as  a  substitute  for,  net 
income,  cash  flows  and  other  measures  of  financial  performance  and  liquidity  reported  in 
accordance with GAAP.

Cash Operating Costs 

Page 32 of 38

This  supplemental  non-GAAP  measure  is  provided  to  assist  readers  in  determining  our 
operating  costs  on  a  cash  basis.  We  believe  this  measure  is  useful  in  assessing 
performance  and  highlighting  trends  on  an  overall  basis.  We  also  believe  Cash  Operating 
Costs  is  frequently  used  by  securities  analysts  and  investors  when  comparing  our  results 
with  those  of  other  companies.  Cash  Operating  Costs  differs  from  the  most  comparable 
GAAP  measure,  operating  expenses,  primarily  because  it  does  not  include  stock-based 
compensation  expense,  depreciation  and  amortization,  restructuring  charges, acquisition 
costs and  financing  charges. The  following  tables  show a  reconciliation  of  operating 
expenses  to  Cash  Operating  Costs from  continuing  operations  for  the  three  months  and 
year ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Cash Operating Costs 

Total Operating Expenses

$

Stock-based compensation expense

Acquisition and integration costs

Restructuring charges

Financing charges 

Depreciation and amortization 

2013

8,516

(1,002)

-

(43)

-

(1,009)

(1,555) 

(91) 

- 

(564) 

(504) 

Three months ended December 31,

2012

$

10,047 

$

$ 

Change

(1,531) 

Cash Operating Costs 

$

6,462

$

7,333 

$   

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Cash Operating Costs 

Year ended December 31,

2013

2012

Total Operating Expenses

$

36,191

$

38,480 

$

$ 

Stock-based compensation expense

Acquisition and integration costs 

Restructuring charges

Financing charges 

Depreciation and amortization 

(3,775)

(78)

(568)

-

(3,464)

(2,582) 

(274) 

(1,931) 

(564) 

(2,828) 

553

91

(43)

564

(505)

(871)

Change

(2,289)

(1,193)

196

1,363

564

(636)

Cash Operating Costs 

$

28,306

$

30,301 

$   

(1,995)

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA 
These supplemental non-GAAP measures are provided to assist readers in determining our 
operating  performance  and  ability  to  generate  operating  cash  flow.  We  believe  this 
measure is useful in assessing performance and highlighting trends on an overall basis. We 
also  believe  EBITDA  and  Adjusted  EBITDA  are  frequently  used  by  securities  analysts  and 
investors when  comparing our  results with those  of other  companies.  EBITDA differs from 
the  most  comparable  GAAP  measure,  net  loss  attributable  to  Ballard from  continuing 
operations,  primarily  because  it  does  not  include  finance  expense,  income  taxes,
depreciation  of  property,  plant  and  equipment,  amortization  of  intangible  assets,  and 
goodwill 
for  stock-based 
compensation  expense,  transactional  gains  and  losses,  asset  impairment  charges,  finance
and  other  income,  and  acquisition  costs. The  following  tables show  a  reconciliation  of  net 
income attributable to Ballard to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations 
for the three months and year ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:

impairment  charges.  Adjusted  EBITDA  adjusts  EBITDA 

Page 33 of 38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA 

Net loss from continuing operations 

Three months ended December 31,

2013

2012

attributable to Ballard

$

(2,274)

$

(17,059)

Depreciation and amortization

Finance expense

Income taxes

1,557

268

167

1,016

458

-

$

$

Change

14,785

541

(190)

               167

EBITDA attributable to Ballard

$ 

(282)

$

(15,585) 

$ 

15,303

Stock-based compensation expense

Acquisition and integration costs 

Finance and other (income) loss 

Impairment of goodwill 
Impairment of property, plant and 

equipment

Impairment of equity investment

Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant and 
equipment

1,002

-

(546) 

-

-

150

(153)

1,555 

91 

83 

10,000 

570 

- 

64 

(553)

(91)

(629) 

(10,000)

(570)

150

(217)

Adjusted EBITDA 

$

171

$ 

(3,222) 

$   

3,393

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA 

Net loss from continuing operations 

Year ended December 31,

2013

2012

attributable to Ballard

$

(19,988)

$

(42,320)

Depreciation and amortization

Finance expense

Income taxes

5,655

1,486

485

$

$

Change

22,332

815

(204)

4,840

1,690

-

               485

EBITDA attributable to Ballard

$ 

(12,362)

$ 

(35,790) 

$ 

23,428

Stock-based compensation expense

Acquisition and integration costs 

Finance and other (income) loss 

Impairment of goodwill 
Impairment of property, plant and 

equipment

Impairment of equity investment

Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant and 
equipment

3,775

78

(215)

-

-

513

23

2,582 

274 

219 

10,000 

570 

- 

69 

1,193

(196)

(434)

(10,000)

(570)

513

(46)

Adjusted EBITDA 

$

(8,188)

$

(22,076) 

$   

13,888

Normalized Net Loss
This  supplemental  non-GAAP  measure  is  provided  to  assist  readers  in  determining  our 
financial  performance.  We  believe  this  measure  is  useful  in  assessing  our  actual 
performance by adjusting our results from continuing operations for one-time transactional 
gains  and  losses  and  impairment  losses.  Normalized  Net  Loss  differs  from  the  most 
comparable  GAAP  measure,  net  loss  attributable  to  Ballard  from  continuing  operations,
primarily because it does not include transactional gains and losses and asset impairment 
charges. The following table shows a  reconciliation of net loss attributable to Ballard from 
continuing  operations to  Normalized  Net  Loss  for  the  three months  and  year  ended 
December 31, 2013 and 2012.

Page 34 of 38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Normalized Net Loss 

Net loss attributable to Ballard from 

Three months ended December 31,

2013

2012

continuing operations 

$

(2,274)

$

(17,059)

Impairment of equity investment 

Impairment of goodwill 

Impairment of property, plant and 

equipment 

Normalized Net Loss 

Normalized Net Loss per share

150

-

-

- 

10,000

570

$ 

$

(2,124)

$   

(6,489) 

(0.02)

$

(0.07)

(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Normalized Net Loss 

Net loss attributable to Ballard from 

Year ended December 31,

2013

2012

continuing operations 

$ 

(19,988) 

$ 

(42,320) 

Settlement of TPC funding obligation 

Impairment of equity investment 

Impairment of goodwill 

Impairment of property, plant and 

equipment 

Normalized Net Loss 

Normalized Net Loss per share

1,197

513

-

-

- 

- 

10,000

570

$ 

$

(18,278) 

$   

(31,750) 

(0.18)

$

(0.36)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Change

14,785

150

(10,000)

(570)

4,365

0.05

Change

22,332

1,197

513

(10,000)

(570)

13,472

0.18

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES AND 
INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Disclosure controls and procedures

Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that 
relevant  information  is  gathered  and  reported  to  senior  management,  including  the  Chief 
Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), on a timely basis so that 
appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosures.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we evaluated, under the supervision and 
with the participation of management, including the CEO and the CFO, the effectiveness of 
the  design  and  operation  of  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  as  defined  in  Rules 
13a–15(e)  and  15d-15(e)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934  (“Exchange  Act”).  The 
CEO  and  CFO  have  concluded  that  as  of  December 31,  2013,  our  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports we 
file  or  submit  under  the  Exchange  Act  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported 
within the time periods specified therein, and accumulated and reported to management to 
allow timely discussions regarding required disclosure.

Internal control over financial reporting

The  CEO  and  CFO,  together  with  other  members  of  management,  are  responsible  for 
establishing  and  maintaining adequate  internal  control  over  the  Company’s  financial 
reporting.  Internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  designed  under  our  supervision,  and 
effected  by  the  Company’s  board  of  directors,  management,  and  other  personnel,  to 
provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS. 

There  are  inherent  limitations  in  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting,  including  the  possibility  that  misstatements  may  not  be  prevented  or  detected. 
Accordingly,  even  effective  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  can  provide  only 

Page 35 of 38

 
 
 
 
 
 
reasonable  assurance  with  respect  to  financial  statement  preparation.  Furthermore,  the 
effectiveness of internal controls can change with circumstances. 

Management,  including  the  CEO  and  CFO,  have  evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  internal 
control  over  financial  reporting,  as  defined  in  Rules  13a–15(f)  of  the  Exchange  Act,  in 
relation  to  criteria  described  in Internal  Control–Integrated  Framework (1992) issued  by 
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based 
on  this  evaluation,  Management  has  determined  that  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting was effective as of December 31, 2013.

KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated 
financial  statements  and  expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  thereon.  KPMG  has  also 
expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  on  the  effective  operation  of  our  internal  control  over 
financial reporting as of December 31, 2013. 

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2013,  there  were  no  material  changes  in  internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  that  have  materially  affected,  or  are  reasonably  likely  to 
materially  affect,  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Our  design  of 
disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  includes 
controls, policies and procedures covering Dantherm Power.

RISKS & UNCERTAINTIES
An investment in our common shares involves risk. Investors should carefully consider the 
risks and uncertainties described below and in our Annual Information Form. The risks and 
uncertainties described below and in our Annual Information Form are not the only ones we 
face. Additional risks and uncertainties, including those that we do not know about now or 
that  we  currently  deem  immaterial,  may  also  adversely  affect  our  business.  For  a  more 
complete  discussion of  the  risks  and  uncertainties  which  apply  to  our  business  and  our 
operating results (which are  summarized below), please  see  our Annual Information Form 
and other filings with Canadian (www.sedar.com) and U.S. securities regulatory authorities 
(www.sec.gov). 

A summary of our identified risks and uncertainties are as follows:

(cid:120) We may not be able to achieve commercialization of our products on the timetable 

we anticipate, or at all;

(cid:120) We  expect  our  cash  reserves  will  be  reduced  due  to  future  operating  losses  and 
working  capital  requirements,  and  we  cannot  provide  certainty  as  to  how  long  our 
cash  reserves  will  last  or  that  we  will  be  able  to  access  additional  capital  when 
necessary;

(cid:120) A mass market for  our  products may never develop or may take longer to develop 

than we anticipate;

(cid:120) We may not be able to successfully execute our business plan;

(cid:120)

(cid:120)

In  our  Engineering  Services  market,  we  depend  on  a  single  customer  for  the 
majority of our revenues;

In our material handling market, we depend on a single customer for the majority of 
our revenues;

(cid:120) We have limited experience manufacturing fuel cell products on a commercial basis;

Page 36 of 38

(cid:120) Global economic conditions are beyond our control and may have an adverse impact 

on our business or on our key suppliers and / or customers;

(cid:120)

Potential fluctuations in our financial and business results make forecasting difficult 
and may restrict our access to funding for our commercialization plan;

(cid:120) We could be adversely affected by risks associated with acquisitions;

(cid:120) We are subject to risks inherent in international operations;

(cid:120)

Exchange rate fluctuations are beyond our control and may have a material adverse 
effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and profitability;

(cid:120) Commodity  price  fluctuations  are  beyond  our  control  and  may  have  a  material 
adverse  effect  on  our  business,  operating  results,  financial  condition  and 
profitability;

(cid:120) We are dependent upon Original Equipment Manufacturers and Systems Integrators 

to purchase certain of our products;

(cid:120) We  are  dependent  on  third  party  suppliers  for  the  supply  of  key  materials  and 

components for our products and services;

(cid:120) We currently face and will continue to face significant competition;

(cid:120) We could lose or fail to attract the personnel necessary to run our business;

(cid:120)

Public Policy and regulatory changes could hurt the market for our products;

(cid:120) We  depend  on  our  intellectual  property,  and  our  failure  to  protect  that  intellectual 

property could adversely affect our future growth and success;

(cid:120) We  could  be  liable  for  environmental  damages  resulting  from  our  research, 

development or manufacturing operations; and

(cid:120) Our  products  use  flammable  fuels and  some  generate  high  voltages,  which  could 

subject our business to product liability claims.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS DISCLAIMER

This  document  contains  forward-looking  statements  that  are  based  on  the  beliefs  of 
management  and  reflect  our  current  expectations  as  contemplated  under  the  safe  harbor 
provisions  of  Section  21E  of  the  United  States  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as 
amended.  Such statements include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to our 
objectives,  goals, liquidity,  sources  of  capital  and  our  outlook  including  our  estimated 
revenue and gross margins, cash flow from operations, Cash Operating Costs, EBITDA and 
Adjusted EBITDA (see Non-GAAP Measures) contained in our “Business Outlook”, as well as 
statements  with  respect  to  our  beliefs,  plans,  objectives,  expectations,  anticipations, 
estimates  and  intentions.  Words  such  as  "estimate",  "project",  "believe",  "anticipate", 
"intend",  "expect",  "plan",  "predict",  "may",  "should",  "will",  the  negatives  of  these  words 
or  other  variations  thereof  and  comparable  terminology  are  intended  to  identify  forward-
looking  statements. These  statements  are  not  guarantees  of  future  performance  and 
involve assumptions, risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. 

In  particular,  these  forward-looking  statements  are  based  on  certain  factors  and 
assumptions  disclosed  in  our  “Outlook”  as  well  as  specific  assumptions  relating  to  our 
expectations with respect to the generation of new sales, producing, delivering and selling 
the expected product and service volumes at the expected prices, and controlling our costs. 

Page 37 of 38

They  are  also  based  on  a  variety  of  general  factors  and  assumptions  including,  but  not 
limited  to,  our  expectations  regarding  product  development  efforts,  manufacturing 
capacity,  product  and  service  pricing,  market  demand,  and  the  availability  and  prices  of 
raw materials, labour and supplies. These assumptions have been derived from information 
available  to  the  Company  including  information  obtained  by  the  Company  from  third 
parties.  These  assumptions  may  prove  to  be  incorrect  in  whole  or  in  part.  In  addition, 
actual  results  may  differ  materially  from  those  expressed,  implied,  or  forecasted  in  such 
forward-looking  statements.  Factors  that  could  cause  our  actual  results  or  outcomes  to 
differ  materially  from  the  results  expressed,  implied  or  forecasted  in  such  forward-looking
statements include, but are not limited to: the condition of the global economy; the rate of 
mass  adoption  of  our  products;  changes  in  product  or  service  pricing;  changes  in  our 
customers'  requirements,  the  competitive  environment  and  related  market  conditions; 
product  development  delays;  changes  in  the  availability  or  price  of  raw  materials,  labour 
and supplies; our ability to attract and retain business partners, suppliers, employees and 
customers;  changing  environmental  regulations;  our  access  to  funding  and  our  ability  to 
provide  the  capital  required  for  product  development,  operations and  marketing  efforts,
and  working  capital  requirements;  our  ability  to  protect  our  intellectual  property;  the 
magnitude  of  the  rate  of  change  of  the  Canadian  dollar  versus  the  U.S.  dollar;  and  the 
general assumption that none of the risks identified in the Risks and Uncertainties section 
of  this  report  or  in  our  most  recent  Annual  Information  Form  will  materialize.  Readers 
should not place undue reliance on Ballard's forward-looking statements. 

The  forward-looking  statements  contained  in  this  document  speak  only  as  of  the  date  of 
this  Management  Discussion  and  Analysis.  Except  as  required  by  applicable  legislation, 
Ballard  does  not  undertake  any  obligation  to  release  publicly  any  revisions  to  these 
forward-looking  statements  to  reflect  events  or  circumstances  after  the  date  of  this 
Management Discussion and Analysis, including the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Page 38 of 38

Consolidated Financial Statements
(Expressed in U.S. dollars)

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.

Years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT

Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements and
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  contained  in  this  Annual  Report  have  been 
prepared  by  management  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.  The 
integrity  and  objectivity  of  the  data  in  these  consolidated  financial  statements  are 
management’s  responsibility.    Management  is  also  responsible  for  all  other 
information in the Annual Report and for ensuring that this information is consistent, 
where  appropriate,  with  the  information  and  data  contained  in  the  consolidated 
financial statements.

Management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal 
control over financial reporting.  Internal control over financial reporting is a process 
designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial 
reporting  and  the  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  for  external 
reporting purposes in accordance with IFRS.  Internal control over financial reporting 
may not prevent or detect fraud or misstatements because of limitations inherent in 
any  system  of  internal  control.    Management  has  assessed  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Corporation’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  the  framework  in
Internal  Control  – Integrated  Framework (1992) issued  by  the  Committee  of 
Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission,  and  concluded  that  the 
Corporation’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  effective  as  of  December 
31, 2013.  In addition, management maintains disclosure controls and procedures to 
provide  reasonable  assurance  that  material  information  is  communicated  to 
management and appropriately disclosed.  Some of the assets and liabilities include 
amounts, which are based on estimates and judgments, as their final determination 
is dependent on future events.

The Board of Directors oversees management’s responsibilities for financial reporting 
through  the  Audit  Committee,  which  consists  of  four  directors  who  are  independent 
and  not  involved  in  the  daily  operations  of  the  Corporation.    The  Audit  Committee 
meets on a regular basis with management and the external and internal auditors to 
discuss  internal  controls  over  the  financial  reporting  process,  auditing  matters  and 
financial  reporting  issues.    The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible  for  appointing  the 
external auditors (subject to shareholder approval), and reviewing and approving all 
financial disclosure contained in our public documents and related party transactions.

The  external  auditors,  KPMG  LLP,  have  audited  the  financial  statements  and 
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.  KPMG has also  expressed  an unqualified 
opinion on the effective operation of the internal controls over financial reporting as 
of  December  31,  2013.    The  external  auditors  have  full  access  to  management  and 
the Audit Committee with respect to their findings concerning the fairness of financial 
reporting and the adequacy of internal controls.

“JOHN SHERIDAN”

“TONY GUGLIELMIN”

JOHN SHERIDAN
President and 
Chief Executive Officer 
February 25, 2014

TONY GUGLIELMIN
Vice President and 
Chief Financial Officer
February 25, 2014

 
 
KPMG LLP
Chartered Accountants
PO Box 10426 777 Dunsmuir Street
Vancouver BC V7Y 1K3
Canada

Telephone  (604) 691-3000
(604) 691-3031
Fax
w w w .kpmg.ca
Internet

REPORT  OF  INDEPENDENT  REGISTERED  PUBLIC  ACCOUNTING 
FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Ballard Power Systems Inc.

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position  of  Ballard  Power 
Systems  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  as  of  December  31,  2013  and  December  31,  2012  and  the  related 
consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  loss,  changes  in  equity  and  cash  flows  for  the  years  then 
ended.  These  consolidated financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company's  management. 
Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  these  consolidated financial  statements  based  on  our 
audits.

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards  and  the 
standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require 
that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial 
statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement.  An  audit  includes  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence 
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the 
accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the 
overall  financial  statement  presentation.  We  believe  that  our  audits  provide  a  reasonable  basis  for  our 
opinion.

In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  referred  to  above  present  fairly,  in  all  material 
respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 
2012, and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the years then ended 
in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight 
Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, 
based  on  the  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (1992)  issued  by  the 
Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (COSO),  and  our  report  dated 
February  25,  2014  expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal 
control over financial reporting.

KPMG LLP

Chartered Accountants
Vancouver, Canada
February 25, 2014

KPM G LLP is a Canadian limited liability partnership and a member firm of the KPM G
netw ork of independent member firms affiliated w ith KPM G International Cooperative 
((cid:838)KPM G International(cid:839)), a Sw iss entity. 
KPM G Canada provides services to KPM G LLP. 

KPMG LLP
Chartered Accountants
PO Box 10426 777 Dunsmuir Street
Vancouver BC V7Y 1K3
Canada

Telephone  (604) 691-3000
(604) 691-3031
Fax
w w w .kpmg.ca
Internet

REPORT  OF  INDEPENDENT  REGISTERED  PUBLIC  ACCOUNTING 
FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Ballard Power Systems Inc.

We have  audited  Ballard  Power  Systems Inc.’s (“the  Company”) internal control over financial reporting 
as  of  December 31,  2013,  based  on  the  criteria  established  in Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework 
(1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The 
Company’s  management  is  responsible  for  maintaining  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
and  for  its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the 
section entitled “Management’s Report on Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Controls over 
Financial Reporting” under the heading “Internal control over financial reporting” included in Management 
Discussion  and  Analysis.   Our responsibility  is to  express an opinion  on the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company  Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material 
respects.  Our  audit  included  obtaining  an  understanding  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting, 
assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating 
effectiveness  of  internal  control  based  on  the  assessed  risk.  Our  audit  also  included  performing  such 
other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable 
assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for 
external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal 
control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance 
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the 
assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to 
permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles, 
and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with 
authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3) provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk 
that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance 
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial 
reporting  as  of  December 31,  2013,  based  on the  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated 
Framework  (1992)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission
(COSO). 

KPM G LLP is a Canadian limited liability partnership and a member firm of the KPM G
netw ork of independent member firms affiliated w ith KPM G International Cooperative 
((cid:838)KPM G International(cid:839)), a Sw iss entity. 
KPM G Canada provides services to KPM G LLP. 

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards  and the 
standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States),  the consolidated 
statements of financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and 
the  related  consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  loss,  changes  in  equity  and  cash  flows  for  the 
years  then  ended,  and  our  report  dated  February  25,  2014  expressed  an  unqualified  opinion  on  those 
consolidated financial statements.

KPMG LLP

Chartered Accountants
Vancouver, Canada
February 25, 2014 

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Short-term investments
Trade and other receivables
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Assets classified as held for sale 

Total current assets

Non-current assets:

Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets
Goodwill 
Investments 
Long-term trade receivables
Other long-term assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Equity

Current liabilities:

Bank operating line
Trade and other payables
Deferred revenue
Provisions 
Finance lease liability
Debt to Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interests

Liabilities classified as held for sale

Total current liabilities

Non-current liabilities:

Finance lease liability 
Deferred gain
Provisions 
Employee future benefits

Total liabilities

Equity:

Share capital
Treasury shares
Contributed surplus
Accumulated deficit
Foreign currency reserve

Total equity attributable to equity holders

Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interests

Total equity
Total liabilities and equity

Subsequent event (note 30)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

Approved on behalf of the Board:

“Ed Kilroy” 

Director   

“Ian Bourne”   

Director

Note 

December 31,
2013

December 31, 
2012

9
10

7

11
12
13
29
9

14
15

16
14 & 17
18

7

14 & 17

16
19

20
20
20

$

$

$

30,301
-
15,471
14,087
852
60,711
-
60,711

19,945
2,716
36,291
157
219
175
120,214

-
11,484
6,160
6,819
1,399
566
26,428
-
26,428

10,772
4,734
4,857
3,169
49,960

$

$

$

9,770
12,068
16,374
11,277
1,011
50,500
10,798
61,298

24,316
4,194
36,291
667
594
187
127,547

9,358
12,215
3,705
9,423
1,043
2,924
38,668
1,423
40,091

13,011
5,193
5,089
6,161
69,545

866,574

(118)

296,368

(1,091,187)

9
71,646
(1,392)
70,254
120,214

$

845,630
(313)
291,184
(1,074,181)
92
62,412
(4,410)
58,002
127,547

$

 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss
For the year ended December 31 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

Revenues:

Product and service revenues
Cost of product and service revenues

Gross margin

Operating expenses:

Research and product development
General and administrative
Sales and marketing

Total operating expenses

Results from operating activities

Finance income (loss) and other
Finance expense

Net finance expense
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment 
Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment
Impairment loss on goodwill 
Impairment loss on investment

Loss before income taxes
Income tax expense

Net loss from continuing operations 

Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations 

Net loss

Other comprehensive income (loss):
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:
Actuarial gain (loss) on defined benefit plans

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Foreign currency translation differences
Net loss on hedge of forward contracts 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

Note

2013 

2012
(restated – note 3(e))

$

$

61,251
44,492

16,759

24

24

11

11

13

29

25

7

19

17,117
11,413
7,661

36,191

(19,432) 

215

(1,486)

(1,271)
(23)
-
-

(513)

(21,239)
(485)

(21,724)

24

(21,700)

2,852

2,852

(192)

-

(192)

2,660

43,690
36,321

7,369

19,273
12,306
6,901

38,480

(31,111)

(219)
(1,690)

(1,909)
(69)
(570)
(10,000)
-

(43,659)
-

(43,659)

(65)

(43,724)

(557)

(557)

(186)
(20)

(206)

(763)

Total comprehensive loss

$ 

(19,040)  $ 

(44,487)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

  
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss (cont’d)
For the year ended December 31 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

2013 

2012
(restated – note 3(e))

Net income (loss) attributable to:

Ballard Power Systems Inc. from continuing operations

$

(19,988) $

(42,320)

Ballard Power Systems Inc. from discontinued operations

Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interest 

Net loss

24

(1,736)

(65)

(1,339)

$

(21,700) $

(43,724)

Total comprehensive loss attributable to:

Ballard Power Systems Inc.

Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interest 

Total comprehensive loss

Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to Ballard Power Systems Inc.

Continuing operations 
Discontinued operations 

Net loss

$

$

$

$

(17,195) $

(43,059)

(1,845)

(1,428)

(19,040) $

(44,487)

(0.20) $

0.00

(0.20) $

(0.48)
(0.00)

(0.48)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding

100,030,457

87,591,501

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

  
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share amounts and number of shares)

Ballard Power Systems Inc. Equity

Number of 
shares

Share 
capital

Treasury 
shares 

Contributed 
surplus

Accumulated 
deficit

Dantherm 
Power A/S

Non-
controlling 
interests

Foreign
currency 
reserve

Total
equity

Balance, December 31, 2011

84,550,524 $

837,686

$

(515) $

289,219

$ (1,031,279)  

$ 

209

$

(2,975) $

92,345

Net loss

-

-

Acquisition (note 8)

7,136,237

7,493

Additional investment in Dantherm Power A/S

Purchase of treasury shares 

DSUs redeemed 

RSUs redeemed 

Options exercised 

Share distribution plan

Other comprehensive loss:

Defined benefit plan actuarial loss 

Foreign currency translation for foreign

operations

Net loss on hedge of forward contracts

-

-

52,120

49,095

13,501

-

-

-

-

-

-

314

113

24

-

-

-

-

- 

- 

- 

(6)

- 

208

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-

-

-

-

(358)

(415)

(7)

2,745

-

-

-

(42,385)  

-   

-   

-   

-   

40   

-   

-   

(557)  

-   

-   

Balance, December 31, 2012

91,801,477

845,630

(313)

291,184

(1,074,181)

Net loss

Additional investment in Dantherm

Power A/S

Redemption of convertible debenture

by non-controlling interest (note 18)

-

-

-

-

-

-

Net Offering proceeds (note 20)

17,625,000

19,977

Proceeds on issuance of convertible

promissory note (note 20)

Purchase of treasury shares

DSUs redeemed

RSUs redeemed

Options exercised

Share distribution plan

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Defined benefit plan actuarial gain

Foreign currency translation for 

foreign operations

-

-

26,652

540,239

140,533

-

-

-

-

-

22 

718

227

-

-

-

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(6)

- 

-

-

-

-

4,000

-

(53)

(19,964)  

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

-   

201

(1,727)

106   

- 

- 

- 

- 

(74)

3,038

-

-

-   

-   

2,852   

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(97)

(20)

92

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,339)

(43,724)

- 

(7)

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(89)

- 

7,493

(7)

(6)

(44)

(54)

17

2,745

(557)

(186)

(20)

(4,410)

58,002

(1,736)

(21,700)

1,319

1,319

3,544

3,544

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

19,977

4,000

(6)

(31)

(702)

153

3,038

2,852

Balance, December 31, 2013

110,133,901 $

866,574

$

(118) $

296,368

$ (1,091,187)   $ 

9 

$ (1,392) $ 70,254

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

-   

(83)

(109)

(192)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the year ended December 31 
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Cash provided by (used for):

Operating activities:

Net loss for the year
Adjustments for:

Compensatory shares
Employee future recovery
Depreciation and amortization
Loss (gain) on decommissioning liabilities
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment
Impairment loss (reversal) on property, plant and equipment
Impairment loss on goodwill 
Impairment loss on investment
Unrealized gain on forward contracts 

Changes in non-cash working capital:

Trade and other receivables
Inventories
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Trade and other payables
Deferred revenue
Warranty provision

Cash used by operating activities

Investing activities:

Net decrease in short-term investments
Additions to property, plant and equipment
Net proceeds on sale of property, plant and equipment and other
Net proceeds from disposition of Material Products division
Net investments in associated company
Other investment activities 

Financing activities:

Purchase of treasury shares
Payment of finance lease liabilities
Net proceeds (repayment) of bank operating line
Net proceeds on issuance of share capital
Net Offering proceeds
Proceeds on issuance of convertible promissory note
Proceeds on issuance of share capital to Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling

interests

Proceeds on issuance of debt to Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interests

Note

2013

2012

(restated – note 3(e))

$

(21,700)

$

(43,724)

20

11
11
13
29

7
29

14

20
20

18

3,775

(140)

5,731

(194)
23
(45)
-
513
-

(12,037)

1,877
(2,904)

192

(5,048)
2,430
(1,926)
(5,379)

(17,416)

12,068

(485)
227
9,085

(4)
-

20,891

(6)
(976)
(8,753)

153
19,977
4,000
1,360

1,165

16,920

2,746
(81)
5,928
256
69
1,070
11,815
-
(285)
(22,206)

65
4,434
(151)
(10,459)
166
5
(5,940)

(28,146)

13,810
(1,168)
424
-
(32)
(9)

13,025

(6)
(999)
4,771
17
-
-
-

862

4,645

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents held 

136

(70)

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

20,531

9,770

(10,546)

20,316

  $ 

30,301   $ 

9,770

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information (note 27) 
Cash flows of discontinued operations (note 7)
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

1. Reporting entity:

The  principal  business  of  Ballard  Power  Systems  Inc.  (the  “Corporation”)  is  the  design, 

development,  manufacture,  sale, service,  and  license of  fuel  cell  products  for  a  variety  of 

applications,  focusing  on  “commercial stage”  markets  of  Telecom  Backup  Power  and  Material 

Handling, and “development stage” markets of Bus and Distributed Generation, as well as the 

provision  of  Engineering  Services  for  a  variety  of  fuel  cell  applications.    A  fuel  cell  is  an 

environmentally clean electrochemical device that combines hydrogen fuel with oxygen (from 

the  air)  to  produce  electricity.    The  Corporation’s  technology  is  based  on  proton  exchange 

membrane (“PEM”) fuel cells.  

The Corporation is a company domiciled in Canada and its registered office is located at 9000 

Glenlyon  Parkway,  Burnaby,  British  Columbia,  Canada,  V5J  5J8.    The  consolidated  financial 

statements of the Corporation as at and for the year ended December 31, 2013 comprise the 

Corporation and its subsidiaries (note 4(a)).

2. Basis of preparation:

(a) Statement of compliance:

These consolidated financial statements of the Corporation have been prepared in accordance 

with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”) as  issued  by  the  International 

Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

The  consolidated  financial statements  were  authorized  for  issue  by  the  Board  of  Directors  on 

February 25, 2014.

(b) Basis of measurement:

The  consolidated  financial statements  have  been prepared  on  the  historical  cost  basis  except 

for the following material items in the statement of financial position:

(cid:120)

Financial instruments classified as fair value through profit or loss and available-for-

sale are measured at fair value;

(cid:120) Derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value; and

(cid:120)

Employee future benefits liability is recognized as the net total of the present value 

of the defined benefit obligation, less the fair value of plan assets.

(c) Functional and presentation currency:

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  U.S.  dollars,  which  is  the 

Corporation’s functional currency.  

12

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

2. Basis of preparation (cont’d):

(d) Use of estimates:

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the 

Corporation’s  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of 

accounting  policies  and  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  

Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.    Revisions  to

accounting  estimates  are  recognized  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimates  are  revised  and  in 

any future periods affected.

Significant areas having estimation uncertainty include revenue recognition, asset impairment, 

warranty  provision,  inventory provision,  employee  future  benefits,  and  income  taxes.    These 

estimates and assumptions are discussed further in note 5. 

(e) Future operations:

The  Corporation  is  required  to  assess  its  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  or  whether 

substantial doubt exists as to the Corporation’s ability to continue as a going concern into the 

foreseeable  future.    The  Corporation  has  forecasted  its  cash  flows  for  the  foreseeable  future 

and despite the ongoing volatility and uncertainties inherent in the business, the Corporation 

believes  it  has  adequate  liquidity  in  cash  and  working  capital  to  finance  its  operations. The 

Corporation’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  and  realize  its  assets  and  discharge  its 

liabilities  and  commitments  in  the  normal  course  of  business  is  dependent  upon  the 

Corporation having adequate liquidity and achieving profitable operations that are sustainable. 

There  are  various  risks  and  uncertainties  affecting  the  Corporation  including,  but  not  limited 

to,  the  market  acceptance  and  rate  of  commercialization  of  the  Corporation’s  products,  the 

ability  of  the  Corporation  to  successfully  execute  its  business  plan,  and  general  global 

economic conditions, certain of which are beyond the Corporation’s control. 

The  Corporation’s  strategy  to  mitigate  these  risks  and  uncertainties  is  to  execute  a  business 

plan  aimed  at  continued  focus  on  revenue  growth,  improving  overall  gross  margins, and 

managing  operating  expenses  and  working  capital  requirements.  Failure  to  implement  this 

plan  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Corporation’s  financial  condition  and  or 

results of operations. 

3. Changes in accounting policies:

The Corporation has consistently applied the accounting policies set out in note 4 to all periods 

presented in these consolidated financial statements, with the exception of the following new 

accounting standards that were issued by the IASB and adopted by the Corporation, effective 

January 1, 2013.  Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform to the basis 

of presentation adopted in the current period. 

13

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

3. Changes in accounting policies (cont’d):

(a) IFRS 10 – Consolidated Financial Statements:

IFRS  10  Consolidated  Financial  Statements replaces  SIC-12 Consolidation  – Special  Purpose 

Entities, and certain parts of IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements.  IFRS 10 

uses  control  as  the  single  basis  for  consolidation,  irrespective  of  the  nature  of  the  investee, 

employing the following factors to identify control:

a) power over the investee;

b) exposure or rights to variable returns from involvement with the investee;

c)

the  ability  to  use  power  over  the  investee  to  affect  the  amount  of  the  investor’s 

returns.

The  adoption  of  IFRS  10  did not  change  the  Corporation’s  conclusions  around  control  of  its 

investees, and therefore no adjustments to previous accounting for investees were required.

(b) IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements:

IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements supersedes IAS 31 Interests in Joint Ventures and SIC-13 Jointly 

Controlled  Entities  – Non-Monetary  Contributions  by  Venturers.  IFRS  11  requires  that  joint 

ventures be accounted for using the equity method of accounting and eliminates the need for 

proportionate consolidation. 

The Corporation is not impacted by the adoption of IFRS 11.

(c) IFRS 12 – Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities:

IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities introduces additional disclosure requirements 

relating  to  the  nature  of  and  risks  associated  with  its  interests  in  other  entities  (i.e. 

subsidiaries,  joint  arrangements,  associates, or  unconsolidated  structured  entities)  and  the 

effects of those interests on its financial statements.

The  adoption  of  IFRS  12  does  not  have  a  material  impact  on  the  consolidated  financial 

statements.

(d) IFRS 13 – Fair Value Measurements:

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement establishes a single framework for fair value measurement of 

financial  and  non-financial  items.  IFRS  13  defines  fair  value  as  the  price  that  would  be 

received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market 

participants at the measurement date.  It also requires disclosure of certain information on fair 

value measurements.

In  accordance  with  IFRS  13,  the  Corporation  has  included  additional  fair  value  disclosures  in 

its consolidated financial statements.

14

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

3.  Changes in accounting policies (cont’d):

(e)  Amendments to IAS 19 – Employee Benefits:

The  amendments  to  IAS  19  change the  recognition  and  measurement  of  defined  benefit 

pension  expense  and  termination  benefits,  and  enhance  the  disclosures  for  all  employee 

benefits.    Actuarial  gains  and  losses  are  renamed  “remeasurements”  and  are  recognized 

immediately in other comprehensive income (“OCI”).  Remeasurements recognized in OCI are 

not  recycled  through  profit  or  loss  in  subsequent  periods.    The  amendments  also  accelerate 

the  recognition  of  past  service  costs  whereby  they  are  recognized  in  the  period  of  a  plan 

amendment.    The  annual  expense  for  a  funded  benefit  plan  is  computed  based  on  the 

application of the discount rate to the net defined benefit asset or liability.  The amendments 

to IAS 19 also impacts the presentation of pension expense as benefit cost is split between (i) 

the  cost  of  benefits  accrued  in  the  current  period  (service  cost)  and  benefit  changes  (past-

service cost, settlements and curtailments); and (ii) finance expense or income.

The Corporation’s previous accounting policy for employee benefits relating to the presentation 

of  pension  expense  and  the  immediate  recognition  of  actuarial  gains  and  losses  in  OCI  was 

predominantly  consistent  with  the  requirements  in  the  new  standard,  and  accordingly  the 

retrospective adoption  of  the  amendments  to  IAS  19  did  not  have  a  material  impact  on  the 

consolidated financial statements.  

As the Corporation adopted these amendments retrospectively, the comparative figures have 

been adjusted to reflect the accounting change for the defined benefit plan. The adjustments 

to the comparable period include a decrease to finance income (loss) and other of $250,000, 

and  an  increase  to  OCI of  $250,000.    The  adjustments arise primarily  from  the  interest  on 

plan  assets,  which  is  calculated  using  the  discount  rate  used  to  value  the  benefit  obligation.  

Since the discount rate is lower than the expected rate of return on plan assets, the interest 

attributable to plan assets also declines resulting in the decrease to finance income (loss) and 

other.  The difference between the actual rate of return on plan assets and the discount rate is 

included  in  OCI as  a  remeasurement.    Also  under  these  amendments,  the  interest  cost  on 

additional minimum funding liability is recorded in net income, whereas it was reported in OCI 

under  the  previous  standard.    The  impact  of  this  change  is  that  the  restated  net  income  for 

2012  decreases  and  OCI  increases  by  the  same  amount,  with  no  net  impact  on  total 

comprehensive loss.  The amendments to IAS 19 did not have a net impact on the statement 

of financial position.

(f) Amendments to IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements:

The  amendments  to  IAS  1  Presentation  of  Financial  Statements require  items of  other 

comprehensive  income  and  the  corresponding  tax  expense  to  be  grouped  based  on  whether 

they will or will not be classified to the statement of earnings in the future.

In  accordance  with  the  amendments  to  IAS  1,  the  Corporation  has  modified  its  statement  of 

profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

15

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

3.  Changes in accounting policies (cont’d):

(g) Amendments to IAS 36 – Recoverable Amount Disclosures for Non-Financial Assets:

The  amendments  to  IAS  36 reverse  the  unintended  requirement  in  IFRS  13 Fair  Value 

Measurement to  disclose  the  recoverable  amount  of  every  cash-generating  unit  to  which 

significant  goodwill  or  indefinite-lived  intangible  assets  have  been  allocated.    Under  the 

amendments,  recoverable  amount  is  required  to  be  disclosed  only  when  an  impairment  loss 

has been recognized or reversed.

The  adoption  of  the  amendments  to  IAS  36  does  not  have  a  material  impact  on  the 

consolidated financial statements.

4. Significant accounting policies:

Except  for  the  changes  explained  in  note  3,  the  accounting  policies  set  out  below  have  been 

applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements.

(a) Basis of consolidation:

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Corporation and its principal 

subsidiaries as follows:

Ballard Fuel Cell Systems Inc. 

Ballard Material Products Inc.

Ballard Power Corporation

Ballard Services Inc.

Dantherm Power A/S

Percentage ownership 

2013

100%

n/a

100%

100%

2012

100%

100%

100%

n/a

57% - 51.3%

52% - 57%

Subsidiaries are entities over which the Corporation exercises control, where control is defined 

as the power to govern financial and operating policies, generally owning greater than 50% of 

the  voting  rights.    The  financial  statements  of  subsidiaries  are  included  in  the  consolidated 

financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. 

Intercompany  balances  and  transactions  are  eliminated  in  the  consolidated  financial 

statements.

16

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4. Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(a) Basis of consolidation (cont’d):

The  Corporation  acquired  a  45%  interest  in  Dantherm  Power  A/S  on  January  18,  2010.    In 

August 2010, the Corporation acquired an additional 7% interest in Dantherm Power A/S and 

a further 5% interest in December 2012. On March 31, 2013, Azure Hydrogen Energy Science 

and Technology Corporation (“Azure”) acquired a 10% ownership interest in Dantherm Power 

A/S,  which  reduced  the  Corporation’s  interest  from  57%  to  51.3%.    The  remaining  38.7% 

interest is held by Dantherm A/S.  As the Corporation obtained control over Dantherm Power 

A/S  as  of  the  date  of  acquisition  of  the  initial  45%  interest,  Dantherm  Power  A/S  has  been 

consolidated  since  acquisition  on  January  18,  2010. Acquisitions  of  non-controlling  interest 

are accounted as transactions with equity holders in their capacity as equity holders; therefore 

no goodwill is recognized as a result of such transactions.

On  June  14,  2013,  the  wholly  owned  subsidiary  Ballard  Services  Inc.  was  incorporated.    Its 

principal business is the provision of Engineering Services for a variety of fuel cell applications.

On  December  31,  2013,  the  wholly  owned  subsidiary  Ballard  Material  Products  Inc.  merged 

with the wholly owned subsidiary Ballard Power Corporation.

(b) Foreign currency:

(i) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of 

the Corporation and its subsidiaries at the exchange rate in effect at the transaction date.  

Monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  other  than  the  functional  currency  are 

translated  at  the  exchange  rates  in  effect  at  the  balance  sheet  date.    The  resulting 

exchange gains and losses are recognized in earnings.  Non-monetary assets and liabilities 

denominated  in  other  than  the  functional  currency  that  are  measured  at  fair  value  are 

translated to the  functional  currency  at  the  exchange  rate  at  the  date that  the  fair  value 

was  determined.    Non-monetary  items  that  are  measured  in  terms  of  historical  cost  in 

other  than  the  functional  currency  are  translated  using  the  exchange  rate  at  the  date  of 

the transaction.

(ii) Foreign operations

The  assets  and  liabilities  of  foreign  operations  are  translated  to  presentation  currency  at 

exchange rates at the reporting date.  The income and expenses of foreign operations are 

translated  to  presentation  currency  at  exchange  rates  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  

Foreign currency differences are recognized in other comprehensive income.

17

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4. Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(c) Financial instruments:

(i)  Financial assets

The  Corporation  initially  recognizes  loans  and  receivables  and  deposits  on  the  date  that 

they  are  originated  and  all  other  financial  assets  on  the  trade  date  at  which  the 

Corporation  becomes  a  party  to  the  contractual  provisions  of  the  instrument.    The 

Corporation  derecognizes  a  financial  asset  when  the  contractual  rights  to  the  cash  flows 

from  the  asset  expire,  or  when  it  transfers  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of 

ownership of the financial asset.  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets are classified at fair value through profit or loss if they are held for trading 

or  if  the  Corporation  manages  such  investments  and  makes  purchase  and  sale  decisions 

based  on  their  fair  value  in  accordance  with  the  Corporation’s  documented  risk 

management or investment strategy.  Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

are measured at fair value, and changes therein are recognized in net loss.  

The  Corporation’s  short-term  investments,  consisting  of  highly  liquid  interest  bearing 

securities with maturities at the date of purchase between three months and three years, 

are classified as held for trading.  

The  Corporation  also  periodically  enters  into  platinum  futures  and  foreign  exchange 

forward  contracts  to  limit  its  exposure  to  platinum  price  and  foreign  currency  rate 

fluctuations.    These  derivatives  are  recognized  initially  at  fair  value  and  are  recorded  as 

either  assets  or  liabilities  based  on  their  fair  value.    Subsequent to  initial  recognition, 

these  derivatives  are  measured  at  fair  value  and  changes  to  their  value  are  recorded 

through  net  loss,  unless  these  financial  instruments  are  designated  as  hedges  (note  4

(c)(iv)).

Loans and receivables

Loans  and  receivables  are  financial  assets  with  fixed  or  determinable  payments  that  are 

not  quoted  in  an  active  market.    Such  assets  are  recognized  initially  at  fair  value  and 

subsequently  at  amortized  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method,  less  any  impairment 

losses.    Loans  and  receivables  are  comprised  of  the  Corporation’s  trade  and  other 

receivables.  

18

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4. Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(c) Financial instruments (cont’d):

(i)  Financial assets (cont’d)

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit and highly liquid short-term interest-

bearing  securities  with original  maturities  of  three  months  or  less and  are  initially 

measured  at  fair  value,  and  subsequently  measured  at  amortized  cost,  which 

approximates fair value due to the short-term and liquid nature of these assets.

Available-for-sale financial assets

Available-for-sale  financial  assets  are  non-derivative  financial  assets  that  are  designated 

as  available-for-sale  and  that  are  not  classified  in  any  of  the  previous  categories.    The

Corporation’s investment in Chrysalix Energy Limited Partnership (“Chrysalix”) is classified 

as available-for-sale financial assets.  Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured 

at  fair  value  and  changes  therein,  other  than  impairment  losses  and  foreign  currency 

differences,  are  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income.    When  an  investment  is 

derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss in other comprehensive income is transferred to 

profit or loss.

Determination of fair value

The fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss and available-for-sale 

are determined by reference to their quoted closing bid price at the reporting date if they 

are  traded  in  an  active  market.    For  derivative  instruments  (foreign  exchange  forward 

contracts,  platinum  futures  contracts),  fair  value  is estimated  by  Management based  on 

their listed market price or broker quotes that include adjustments to take account of the 

credit  risk  of  the  Corporation  and  the  counterparty  when  appropriate.    The  fair  value  of 

loans and receivables is estimated as the present value of future cash flows, discounted at 

the market rate of interest at the reporting date.   

(ii) Financial liabilities

Financial  liabilities  comprise  the  Corporation’s  trade  and  other  payables.    The  financial 

liabilities  are  initially  recognized  on  the  date  they  are  originated  and  are  derecognized 

when  the  contractual  obligations  are  discharged  or  cancelled  or  expire.    These  financial 

liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently are measured at amortized 

costs  using  the  effective  interest  method,  when  materially  different  from  the  initial 

amount.    Fair  value  is  determined  based  on  the  present  value  of  future  cash  flows, 

discounted at the market rate of interest.

19

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(c) Financial instruments (cont’d):

(iii) Share capital

Share capital is classified as equity.  Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of 

shares and share options are recognized as a deduction from equity.  When share capital 

is repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, including directly attributable costs, 

is  recognized  as  a  deduction  from  equity.    Repurchased  shares  are  classified  as  treasury 

shares  and  are  presented  as  a  deduction  from  equity.    When  treasury  shares  are 

subsequently  reissued,  the  amount  received  is  recognized  as  an  increase  in  equity,  and 

the  resulting  surplus  or  deficit  on  the  transaction  is  transferred  to  or  from  retained 

earnings.

(iv) Derivative financial instruments, including hedge accounting

The  Corporation  periodically  holds  derivative  financial  instruments  to  hedge  its  foreign 

currency  risk  exposures  that  are  designated  as  the  hedging  instrument  in  a  hedge 

relationship.

On  initial  designation  of  the  hedge,  the  Corporation  formally  documents  the  relationship 

between  the  hedging  instrument  and  hedged  item,  including  the  risk  management 

objectives  and  strategy  in  undertaking  the  hedge transaction,  together  with  the  methods 

that will be used to assess the effectiveness of the hedging relationship. 

The Corporation makes an assessment, both at the inception of the hedge relationship as 

well as on an ongoing basis, whether the hedging instruments are expected to be “highly 

effective” in offsetting the changes in the fair value or cash flows of the respective hedged 

items during the period for which the hedge is designated, and whether the actual results 

of each hedge are within a range of 80-125 percent.  For a cash flow hedge of a forecast 

transaction,  the  transaction  should  be  highly  probable  to  occur  and  should  present  an 

exposure to variations in cash flows that could ultimately affect reported net income.

Derivatives  are  recognized  initially  at  fair  value;  attributable  transaction  costs  are 

recognized  in  profit  or  loss  as  incurred.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  derivatives  are 

measured at fair value, and changes therein are accounted for as described below.

20

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(c) Financial instruments (cont’d):

(iv) Derivative financial instruments, including hedge accounting (cont’d)

Cash flow hedges

When a derivative is designated as the hedging instrument in a hedge of the variability in 

cash flows attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability or 

a highly probable forecast transaction that could affect profit or loss, the effective portion 

of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized in other comprehensive income 

and  presented  in  unrealized  gains/losses  on  cash  flow  hedges  in  equity.  The  amount 

recognized in other comprehensive income is removed and included in profit or loss in the 

same period as the hedged cash flows affect profit or loss under the same line item in the 

statement  of  comprehensive  income  as  the  hedged  item.  Any  ineffective  portion  of

changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized immediately in profit or loss.

If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is 

sold,  terminated,  exercised,  or  the  designation  is  revoked,  then  hedge  accounting  is 

discontinued  prospectively.  The  cumulative  gain  or  loss  previously  recognized  in  other 

comprehensive  income  and  presented  in  unrealized  gains/losses  on  cash  flow  hedges  in 

equity remains there until the forecast transaction affects profit or loss. 

If  the  forecast  transaction  is  no  longer  expected  to  occur,  then  the  balance  in  other 

comprehensive  income  is  recognized  immediately  in  profit  or  loss.  In  other  cases  the 

amount  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  is  transferred  to  profit  or  loss  in  the 

same period that the hedged item affects profit or loss.

Other non-trading derivatives

When  a  derivative  financial  instrument  is  not  held  for  trading,  and  is  not  designated  in  a 

qualifying  hedge  relationship,  all  changes  in  its  fair  value  are  recognized  immediately  in 

profit or loss.

(d) Inventories:

Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value.  The cost of inventories 

is based on the first-in first-out principle, and includes expenditures incurred in acquiring the 

inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing them to their 

existing location and condition.  In the case of manufactured inventories and work in progress, 

cost includes materials, labor and appropriate share of production overhead based on normal 

operating capacity.  Costs of materials are determined on an average per unit basis.  

21

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(d) Inventories (cont’d):

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the 

estimated  costs  of  completion  and  selling  expenses.    In  establishing  any  impairment  of 

inventory, management estimates the likelihood that inventory carrying values will be affected 

by  changes  in  market  demand,  technology  and  design,  which  would  impair  the  value  of 

inventory on hand.

(e) Property, plant and equipment:

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and 

accumulated impairment losses.  Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the 

acquisition  of  the  asset.    The  cost  of  self-constructed  assets  includes  the  cost  of  materials, 

costs directly attributable to bringing the assets to a working condition for their intended use, 

and  the  costs  of  dismantling  and  removing  items  and  restoring  the  site  on  which  they  are 

located.

When parts of an item of  property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are 

accounted for as separate items (major components).

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  depreciated  from  the  date  of  acquisition  or,  in  respect  of 

internally constructed assets, from the time an asset is completed and ready for use, using the 

straight-line  method  less  its  residual  value  over  the  estimated  useful  lives  of  the  assets  as 

follows:

Building

Building under finance lease

Computer equipment

Furniture and fixtures

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease 

20 years

15 years

3 to 7 years

5 to 14 years

5 years

Leasehold improvements

The shorter of initial term of the respective lease and 

Production and test equipment

Production and test equipment under finance lease

estimated useful life

4 to 15 years

5 years

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year-end 

and adjusted if appropriate. 

Gains  and  losses  on  disposal  of  property,  plant  and equipment  are  determined  by  comparing 

the  proceeds  from  disposal  with  the  carrying  amount  of  property,  plant  and  equipment,  and 

are recognized net within other income in profit or loss. 

22

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(f) Leases: 

Leases where the Corporation assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are 

classified  as  finance  leases.    Upon  initial  recognition  the  leased  asset  is  measured  at  an 

amount  equal  to  the  lower  of  its  fair  value  and  the  present  value  of  the  minimum  lease 

payments. Subsequent to initial recognition, the asset is accounted for in accordance with the 

accounting  policy  applicable  to  that  asset.  Other  leases  are  operating  leases  and  not 

recognized in the statement of financial position. 

Minimum  lease  payments  made  under  finance  leases  are  apportioned  between  the  finance 

expense  and  the  reduction  of  the  outstanding  liability.    The  finance  expense  is  allocated  to 

each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the 

remaining balance of the liability.

Payments made under operating leases are recognized in income on a straight-line basis over 

the  term  of  the  lease.  Lease  incentives  received  are  recognized  as  a  reduction  to  the  lease 

expense over the term of the lease.

(g) Goodwill and intangible assets:

Goodwill  is  recognized  as  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  transferred  including  the 

recognized  amount  of  any  non-controlling  interest  in  the  acquiree,  less  the  fair  value  of  the 

net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as of the acquisition date. Subsequent 

to initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.  

Goodwill  acquired  in  a  business  combination  is  allocated  to  groups  of  cash  generating units 

that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.

Intangible assets consist of fuel cell technology acquired from third parties and are recorded at 

cost  less  accumulated  amortization  and  impairment  losses.    Intangible  assets  less  their 

residual  values  are  amortized  over  their  estimated  useful  lives  of  5  years  using  the  straight-

line method from the date that they are available for use.  Amortization methods, useful lives 

and  residual  values  are  reviewed  annually  and  adjusted  if  appropriate. Costs  incurred  in 

establishing  and  maintaining  patents  and  license  agreements  are  expensed  in  the  period 

incurred.

23

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(g) Goodwill and intangible assets (cont’d):

Research costs are expensed as they are incurred.  Product development costs are expensed 

as incurred except when they meet specific criteria for capitalization.  Development activities 

involve  a  plan  or  design  for  the  production  of  new  or  substantially  improved  products  and 

processes.    Development  costs  are  capitalized  only  if  costs  can  be  measured  reliably,  the 

product  or  process  is  technically  and  commercially  feasible,  future  economic  benefits  are 

probable and the Corporation intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development 

to use or sell the asset.  Capitalized development costs are measured at cost less accumulated 

amortization  and  accumulated impairment  losses.   Capitalized  development  costs,  if  any,  are 

amortized  when  commercial  production  begins over  their  estimated  useful

lives  of  5  years

using  the  straight-line  method. Amortization  methods,  useful  lives  and  residual  values  are 

reviewed annually and adjusted if appropriate.

(h) Impairment:

(i) Financial assets

Financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss are assessed for impairment 

at  each  reporting  date  by  determining  whether  there  is  objective  evidence  that  indicates 

that  a  loss event  has  occurred  after  the  initial  recognition  of  the  asset,  and that  the  loss 

event  had  a  negative  effect  on  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  of  that  asset  that  can  be 

estimated reliably. 

Impairment  losses  on  available-for-sale  investment  securities  are  recognized  by 

transferring the cumulative loss that has been recognized in other comprehensive income 

and  presented  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  in  equity,  to  net  loss.    The 

cumulative loss that is removed from other comprehensive income and recognized in net 

loss  is  the  difference  between  the  acquisition  cost,  net  of  any  principal  repayment  and 

amortization, and the current fair value less any impairment loss previously recognized in 

net  loss.    If  subsequently  the  fair  value  of  an  impaired  available-for-sale  security 

increases,  then  the  impairment  loss  is  reversed,  with  the  amount  of  the  reversal 

recognized in net loss.  However, any subsequent recovery in the fair value of an impaired 

available for sale equity security is recognized in other comprehensive income.

(ii) Non-financial assets 

The carrying amounts of the Corporation’s non-financial assets other than inventories are 

reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of 

impairment.    If  any  such  indication  exists,  then  the  asset’s  recoverable  amount  is 

estimated.    For  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  that  have  indefinite  useful  lives,  the 

recoverable amount is estimated annually. 

24

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(h) Impairment (cont’d):

(ii) Non-financial assets (cont’d)

The  recoverable  amount  of  an  asset or  cash-generating  unit is  the  greater of  its  value in 

use  and  its  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell.    In  assessing  value  in  use,  the  estimated  future 

cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects 

current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.

Fair value less costs to sell is defined as the estimated price that would be received on the 

sale  of  the  asset  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the 

measurement date. For the purposes of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested 

individually  are  grouped  together  into  the  smallest  group  of  assets  that  generates  cash 

inflows  from  continuing  use  that  are  largely  independent  of  the  cash  inflows  of  other 

groups of assets.  Cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated reflects the 

lowest level at which goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes.

An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of an asset or its cash-generating 

unit exceeds its estimated recoverable amount.  Impairment losses are recognized in net 

loss.    Impairment  losses  recognized  in  respect  of  the  cash-generating  units  are  allocated 

first  to  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  the  units,  and  then  to 

reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit on a pro-rata basis.

An  impairment  loss  in  respect  of  goodwill  is  not  reversed.    In  respect  of  other  assets, 

impairment losses recognized in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any 

indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists.  An impairment loss is reversed 

only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount 

that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of  depreciation  or  amortization,  if  no  impairment 

loss had been recognized.

(i)  Provisions:

A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Corporation has a present legal or 

constructive  obligation  that  can  be  estimated  reliably,  and  it  is  probable  that  an  outflow  of 

economic  benefits  will  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation.

Provisions  are  determined  by 

discounting  the  expected  future  cash  flows  at  a  pre-tax  rate  that  reflects  current  market 

assessments of the time value of money and the risk specific to the liability.  The unwinding of 

the discount is recognized as a finance cost.

Warranty provision

A provision for warranty costs is recorded on product sales at the time the sale is recognized.  

In  establishing  the  warranty  provision,  management  estimates  the  likelihood  that  products 

sold will experience warranty claims and the estimated cost to resolve claims received, taking 

into account the nature of the contract and past and projected experience with the products.

25

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(i)  Provisions (cont’d):

Decommissioning liabilities

Legal  obligations  to  retire  tangible  long-lived  assets  are  recorded  at  fair  value  at  acquisition 

with  a  corresponding  increase  in  asset  value.    These  include  assets  leased  under  operating 

leases.  The liability is accreted over the life of the asset to fair value and the increase in asset 

value is depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset.

(j) Revenue recognition:

The  Corporation  generates  revenues  primarily  from  product  sales,  services and  licenses.

Product revenues are derived primarily from standard equipment and material sales contracts 

and from long-term fixed price contracts.  Service and license revenues are derived primarily 

from cost-plus reimbursable contracts and from long-term fixed price contracts.

On  standard  equipment  and  material  sales  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized when (i) 

significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods has been transferred to the buyer; (ii) 

the  Corporation  retains  neither  continuing  managerial  involvement  to  the  degree  usually 

associated  with  ownership  nor effective  control  over  the  goods  sold;  (iii)  the  amount  of 

revenue  can  be  measured  reliably;  (iv)  it  is  probable  that  the  economic  benefits  associated 

with  the  sale  will  accrue  to  the  Corporation;  and  (v)  the  costs  incurred,  or to  be  incurred,  in 

respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.  Provisions are made at the time of sale 

for warranties. 

On  cost-plus  reimbursable  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized  as  costs  are  incurred,  and 

include applicable fees earned as services are provided. 

On  long-term  fixed  price  service  contracts,  revenues  are  recognized  on  the  percentage-of-

completion basis over the duration of the contract, which consists of recognizing revenue on a 

given  contract  proportionately  with  its  percentage  of  completion  at  any  given  time.  The 

percentage  of  completion  is  determined  by  dividing  the  cumulative  costs  incurred  as  at  the 

balance sheet date by the sum of incurred and anticipated costs for completing a contract. 

The cumulative effect of changes to anticipated revenues and anticipated costs for completing 

a contract are recognized in the period in which the revisions are identified.  In the event that 

the anticipated costs exceed the anticipated revenues on a contract, such loss is recognized in 

its entirety in the period it becomes known.

Deferred  revenue  represents  cash  received  from  customers  in  excess  of  revenue  recognized 

on uncompleted contracts. 

26

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(k)  Finance income and costs:

Finance  income  comprises  of  interest  income  on  funds  invested,  gains  on  the  disposal  of 

available-for-sale financial assets and changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value 

through  profit  or  loss.    Interest  income  is  recognized  as  it  accrues  in  income,  using  the 

effective interest method.

Finance  costs  comprise  interest  expense  on  capital  leases,  unwinding  of  the  discount  on 

provisions, changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss and 

impairment losses recognized on financial assets.

Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis.

(l) Income taxes:

The Corporation follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes.  Under 

this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the deferred income tax consequences 

attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial  statement  carrying  values  of  assets  and 

liabilities  and  their  respective  income  tax  bases  (temporary  differences)  and  for  loss  carry-

forwards.    The  resulting  changes  in  the  net  deferred  tax  asset  or  liability  are  included  in 

income.  

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted,  or  substantively  enacted,  tax 

rates  expected  to  apply  to  taxable  income  in  the  years  in  which  temporary  differences  are 

expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities, 

of  a  change  in  tax  rates,  is  included  in  income  in  the  period  that  includes  the  substantive 

enactment  date.    Deferred  income  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  and  are 

reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.  

(m) Employee benefits:

Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed 

contributions  into  a  separate  entity  and  will  have  no  legal  or  constructive  obligation  to  pay 

further  amounts.  Obligations  for  contributions  to  defined  contribution  pension  plans  are 

recognized  as  an  employee  benefit  expense  in  profit  or  loss  in  the  periods  during  which 

services  are  rendered  by  employees.  Prepaid  contributions  are  recognized  as  an  asset  to  the 

extent  that  a  cash  refund  or  a  reduction  in  future  payments  is  available.  Contributions  to  a 

defined  contribution  plan  that  are  due  more  than  12  months  after  the  end  of  the  period  in 

which the employees render the service are discounted to their present value.

27

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(m) Employee benefits (cont’d):

Defined benefit plans

A  defined  benefit  plan  is  a  post-employment  benefit  plan  other  than  a  defined  contribution 

plan. The Corporation’s net obligation in respect of defined benefit pension plans is calculated 

separately  for  each  plan  by  estimating  the  amount  of  future  benefit  that  employees  have 

earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to 

determine its present value. Any unrecognized past service costs and the fair value of any plan 

assets  are  deducted.  The  discount  rate  is  the  yield  at  the  reporting  date  on  AA  credit-rated 

bonds that have maturity dates approximating the terms of the Corporation’s obligations and 

that are denominated in the same currency in which the benefits are expected to be paid. The 

calculation is performed annually by a qualified actuary using the projected unit credit method. 

When the calculation results in a benefit to the Corporation, the recognized asset is limited to 

the  total  of  any  unrecognized  past  service  costs  and  the  present  value  of  economic  benefits 

available in the form of any future refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions 

to the plan. In order to calculate the present value of economic benefits, consideration is given 

to any minimum funding requirements that apply to any plan in the Corporation. An economic 

benefit  is  available  to  the  Corporation  if  it  is  realizable  during  the  life  of  the  plan,  or  on 

settlement of the plan liabilities.

The  Corporation  recognizes  all  actuarial  gains  and  losses  arising  from  defined  benefit  plans 

immediately in other comprehensive income, and reports them in retained earnings.

Other long-term employee benefits

The Corporation’s net obligation in respect of long-term employee benefits other than pension 

plans is the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in 

the  current  and  prior  periods;  that  benefit  is  discounted  to  determine  its  present  value,  and 

the fair value of any related assets is deducted. The discount rate is the yield at the reporting 

date  on  AA  credit-rated  bonds  that  have  maturity  dates  approximating  the  terms  of  the 

Corporation’s obligations. The calculation is performed using the projected unit credit method. 

Any  actuarial  gains  and  losses  are  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  or  loss  in  the 

period in which they arise.

28

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(m) Employee benefits (cont’d):

Termination benefits

Termination  benefits  are  recognized  as  an  expense  when  the  Corporation  is  committed 

demonstrably,  without  realistic  possibility  of  withdrawal,  to  a  formal  detailed  plan  to  either 

terminate  employment  before  the  normal  retirement  date,  or  to  provide  termination  benefits 

as  a  result  of  an  offer  made  to  encourage  voluntary  redundancy.  Termination  benefits  for 

voluntary redundancies are recognized as an expense if the Corporation has made an offer of 

voluntary redundancy,  it  is  probable  that  the  offer  will  be  accepted,  and  the  number  of 

acceptances can be estimated reliably. If benefits are payable more than 12 months after the 

reporting period, then they are discounted to their present value.

Short-term employee benefits

Short-term  employee  benefit  obligations  are  measured  on  an  undiscounted  basis  and  are 

expensed as the related service is provided.

A  liability  is  recognized  for  the  amount  expected  to  be  paid  under  short-term  cash  bonus  or 

profit sharing plans if the Corporation has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this 

amount  as  a  result  of  past  service  provided  by  the  employee,  and  the  obligation  can  be 

estimated reliably.

(n) Share-based compensation plans:

The  Corporation  uses  the 

fair-value based  method  of  accounting 

for  share-based 

compensation for all awards of shares and share options granted.  The resulting compensation 

expense,  based  on  the  fair  value  of  the  awards  granted,  excluding  the  impact  of  any  non-

market service and performance vesting conditions, is charged to income over the period that 

the employees unconditionally become entitled to the award, with a corresponding increase to 

contributed  surplus.    Fair  values  of  share  options  are  calculated  using  the  Black-Scholes 

valuation method as of the grant date and adjusted for estimated forfeitures.  For awards with 

graded vesting, the fair value of each tranche is calculated separately and recognized over its 

respective  vesting  period.    Non-market  vesting  conditions  are  considered  in  making 

assumptions about the number of awards that are expected to vest.  At each reporting date, 

the  Corporation  reassesses  its  estimates  of  the  number  of  awards  that  are  expected  to  vest 

and  recognizes  the  impact  of  any  revision  in  the  income  statement  with  a  corresponding 

adjustment to contributed surplus.

The Corporation issues shares and share options under its share-based compensation plans as 

described  in  note  20.    Any  consideration  paid  by  employees  on  exercise  of  share  options  or 

purchase  of  shares,  together  with  the  amount  initially  recorded  in  contributed  surplus,  is 

credited to share capital.

29

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

4.  Significant accounting policies (cont’d):

(o) Earnings (loss) per share:

Basic  earnings  (loss)  per  share  is  computed  using  the  weighted  average  number  of  common 

shares  outstanding  during  the  period,  adjusted  for  treasury  shares.    Diluted  earnings  per 

share is calculated using the treasury stock method.  

Under the treasury stock method, the dilution is calculated based upon the number of common 

shares  issued  should  deferred  share  units  (“DSUs”),  restricted  share  units  (“RSUs”),  and  “in 

the  money”  options,  if  any,  be  exercised.    When  the  effects  of  outstanding  stock-based 

compensation arrangements would be anti-dilutive, diluted loss per share is not calculated.

(p) Government assistance and investment tax credits:

Government  assistance  and  investment  tax  credits  are  recorded  as  either  a  reduction  of  the 

cost of the applicable assets, or credited against the related expense incurred in the statement 

of  comprehensive  loss,  as  determined  by  the  terms  and  conditions  of  the  agreements  under 

which  the  assistance  is  provided  to  the  Corporation  or  the  nature  of  the  expenditures  which 

gave  rise  to  the  credits.    Government  assistance  and  investment  tax  credit  receivables  are 

recorded when their receipt is reasonably assured.

(q) Segment reporting:

An  operating  segment  is  a  component  of  the  Corporation  that  engages  in  business  activities 

from  which  it  may  earn  revenues  and  incur  expenses,  including  revenues  and  expenses that 

relate  to  transactions  with  any  of  the  Corporation’s  other  components.    Segment  results 

include  items  directly  attributable  to  a  segment  as  well  as  those  that  can  be  allocated  on  a 

reasonable basis.  Unallocated items comprise mainly corporate assets, head office expenses, 

and income tax assets and liabilities.

5. Critical  judgments in  applying  accounting  policies  and  key  sources  of  estimation 

uncertainty:

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the 

Corporation’s  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of 

accounting  policies  and  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  

Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.    Revisions  to 

accounting  estimates  are  recognized  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimates  are  revised  and  in 

any future periods affected.

30

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

5. Critical  judgments in  applying  accounting  policies  and  key  sources  of  estimation 

uncertainty (cont’d):

Critical judgments in applying accounting policies:

Critical  judgments  that  management  has  made  in  the  process  of  applying  the  Corporation’s 

accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the 

consolidated 

financial  statements  are 

limited  to  management’s  assessment  of  the 

Corporation’s ability to continue as a going concern (note 2(e)).

Key sources of estimation uncertainty:

The following are key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation 

uncertainty  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  resulting  in  a  material  adjustment  to  the  reported 

amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenses within the next fiscal year.

(a) Revenue recognition:

Revenues under certain contracts for product, licensing and engineering development services 

provide for receipt of payment based on achieving  defined milestones or on the performance 

of work under product development programs. Revenues are recognized under these contracts 

based  on  management’s  estimate  of  progress  achieved  against  these  milestones  or  on  the 

proportionate performance method of accounting, as appropriate.  Changes in management’s 

estimated costs to complete a contract may result in an adjustment to previously recognized 

revenues. 

(b) Asset impairment:

The  carrying  amounts  of  the  Corporation’s  non-financial  assets,  other  than  inventories,  are 

reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.  

If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.  

The  Corporation’s  most  significant  estimates  and  assumptions  involve  values  associated  with 

goodwill  and  intangible  assets.    These  estimates  and  assumptions  include those  with  respect 

to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, asset lives, and the determination of cash 

generating  units.    At  least  annually,  the  carrying  value  of  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  is 

reviewed for potential impairment.  Among other things, this review considers the fair value of 

the  cash-generating  units  based  on  discounted  estimated  future  cash  flows.  This  review 

involves significant estimation uncertainty, which could affect the Corporation’s future results 

if the current estimates of future performance and fair values change.

31

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

5. Critical  judgments in  applying  accounting  policies  and  key  sources  of  estimation 

uncertainty (cont’d):

(c) Warranty provision:

In  establishing  the  warranty  provision,  management  estimates  the  likelihood  that  products 

sold will experience warranty claims and the cost to resolve claims received.  In making such 

determinations, the Corporation uses estimates based on the nature of the contract and past 

and projected experience with the products. Should these estimates prove to be incorrect, the 

Corporation  may  incur  costs  different  from  those  provided  for  in  the  warranty  provision. 

Management  reviews  warranty  assumptions  and  makes  adjustments  to  the  provision  at  each 

reporting  date  based  on  the  latest  information  available,  including  the  expiry  of  contractual 

obligations. Adjustments to the warranty provision are recorded in cost of product and service 

revenues.  

(d)  Inventory provision:

In determining the lower of cost and net realizable value of inventory and in establishing the 

appropriate  impairment  amount  for  inventory  obsolescence,  management  estimates  the 

likelihood  that  inventory  carrying  values  will  be  affected  by  changes  in  market  pricing  or 

demand for the products and by changes in technology or design which could make inventory 

on  hand  obsolete  or  recoverable  at  less  than  the  recorded  value.    Management  performs 

regular  reviews  to  assess  the  impact  of  changes  in  technology  and  design,  sales  trends  and 

other changes on the carrying value of inventory.   Where it is determined that such changes

have  occurred  and  will  have  an  impact  on  the  value  of  inventory  on  hand,  appropriate 

adjustments  are  made.    If  there  is  a  subsequent  increase  in  the  value of  inventory  on  hand, 

reversals  of  previous  write-downs  to  net  realizable  value  are  made.  Unforeseen  changes  in 

these  factors  could  result  in  additional  inventory  provisions,  or  reversals  of  previous 

provisions, being required. 

(e)  Employee future benefits:

The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated 

future  cash  outflows  using  interest  rates  of  high-quality  corporate  bonds  that  have  terms  to 

maturity approximating the terms of the related pension liability.  

Determination of benefit expense requires assumptions such as the discount rate to measure 

obligations, expected plan investment performance, expected healthcare cost trend rate, and 

retirement ages of employees.  Actual results will differ from the recorded amounts based on 

these estimates and assumptions.

32

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

5. Critical  judgments in  applying  accounting  policies  and  key  sources  of  estimation 

uncertainty (cont’d):

(f) Income taxes:

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  enacted,  or  substantively  enacted,  tax 

rates  expected  to  apply  to  taxable  income  in  the  years  in  which  temporary  differences  are 

expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of 

a  change  in  tax  rates  is  included  in  income  in  the  period  that  includes  the  substantive 

enactment  date.    Management  reviews  the  deferred  income  tax  assets  at  each  reporting 

period and records adjustments to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax 

benefit will be realized.

6. Recent accounting pronouncements: 

The  following  is  an  overview  of  accounting  standard  changes  that  the Corporation  will  be 

required to adopt in future years.  Except as otherwise noted below for IFRS 9, the standards 

are  effective  for  the  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2014,  with  earlier

application  permitted.    The  Corporation  does  not  expect  to  adopt  any  of  these  standards 

before their effective dates.  

(a) IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments:

In  November  2009,  the  IASB published  IFRS  9  Financial  Instruments,  which introduces  new 

requirements  for  the  classification  and  measurement  of  financial assets.    IFRS  9  requires  all 

recognized  financial  assets  that  are  within  the  scope  of  IAS  39  Financial  Instruments: 

Recognition  and  Measurement to  be  measured  at  amortized  cost  or  fair  value  in  subsequent 

accounting  periods  following  initial  recognition.  Specifically,  financial  assets  that  are  held 

within a business model whose objective is to collect the contractual cash flows, and that have 

contractual  cash  flows  that  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal 

outstanding  are  generally  measured  at  amortized  cost  at  the  end  of  subsequent  accounting 

periods.    All  other  financial  assets  including  equity  investments  are  measured  at  their  fair 

values at the end of subsequent accounting periods.

Requirements for classification and measurement of financial liabilities were added in October 

2010 and they largely carried forward requirements in IAS 39, except that fair value changes 

due to credit risk for liabilities designated at fair value through profit and loss would generally 

be recorded in OCI.

IFRS  9  was  amended  in  November  2013,  to  (i)  include  guidance  on  hedge  accounting,  (ii) 

allow entities to early adopt the requirements to recognize changes in fair value attributable to 

changes in an entity’s own credit risk, from financial liabilities designated under the fair value 

option,  in  OCI,  without  having  to  adopt  the  remainder  of  IFRS  9,  and  to  (iii)  remove  the 

previous  mandatory  effective  date  for  adoption  of  January  1,  2015,  although  the  standard  is 

available for early adoption.

33

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

6. Recent accounting pronouncements (cont’d):

(a) IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments (cont’d):

The  Corporation  intends  to  adopt  IFRS  9  in  its  financial  statements  for  the  fiscal  year 

beginning  on  January  1,  2015.    The  extent  of  the  impact  of  adoption  has  not  yet  been 

determined.

(b)  Amendments to IAS 32 – Offsetting Financial Assets and Liabilities:

In December 2011, the IASB published amendments to IAS 32 Offsetting Financial Assets and 

Financial  Liabilities, which  clarifies  that  an  entity  currently  has  a  legally  enforceable  right  to 

set-off if that right is:

a) not contingent on a future event; and

b) enforceable  both  in  the  normal  course  of  business  and  in  the  event  of  default, 

insolvency or bankruptcy of the entity and all counterparties.

The  amendments  to  IAS  32  also  clarify  when  a  settlement  mechanism  provides  for  net 

settlement or gross settlement that is equivalent to net settlement.

The amendments are to be applied retrospectively to fiscal years beginning on or after January 

1, 2014.  The Corporation does not expect the amendments to have a material impact on its 

financial statements.

(c) Amendments to IAS 39 – Novation of Derivatives and Continuation of Hedge Accounting:

In  June  2013,  the  IASB  published  amendments  to  IAS  39  Novation  of  Derivatives  and 

Continuation  of Hedge  Accounting,  which  add  a  limited  exception  to  provide  relief  from 

discontinuing  an  existing hedging  relationship  when  a  novation that  was  not contemplated  in 

the original hedging documentation meets specific criteria.

The amendments shall be applied to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

The Corporation intends to adopt the amendments for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 

2014.    The  Corporation  does  not  expect  the  amendments  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its 

financial statements.

7. Discontinued operations – Disposition of Material Products division:

On January 31, 2013, the Corporation completed an agreement to sell substantially all of the 

assets of its Material Products division for gross cash proceeds of $10,500,000 (on the delivery 

of  net  working  capital of $3,700,000)  and  additional  potential  proceeds  of  up  to $1,500,000.  

The additional proceeds of up to $1,500,000 are payable in 2014 and 2015, through a product 

credit, if the former Material Products division attains certain financial results in 2013.  As the 

additional  potential  proceeds  are  contingent  in  nature,  they  are  not  recorded  in  the 

consolidated financial statements until actually realized.  

34

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

7. Discontinued operations – Disposition of Material Products division (cont’d):

Excluding  any  potential  contingent  gain  from  the  additional  proceeds,  net  proceeds  from  the 

sale  were  approximately  $9,085,000  after  deducting  for  working  capital  adjustments,  broker 

commissions and expenses, and legal and other expenses.  The Material Products division has 

been classified and accounted for as a discontinued operation.

In  2012,  impairment  losses  of  $1,815,000  and  $500,000  relating  to  goodwill  and  property, 

plant  and  equipment,  respectively,  were  recognized  based  on  a  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell 

assessment,  which  compared  the  segment’s  carrying  value  as  of  December  31,  2012  to  the 

actual  net  proceeds  received  on  disposition  on  January  31,  2013.    In  2013,  a  previously 

recorded impairment loss of $45,000 was reversed and recorded in net loss from discontinued 

operations based on the final analysis of the disposition.

Gross proceeds from disposition

Less: Purchase price adjustment

Net proceeds from disposition

Disposition costs

Net disposed assets

January 31, 

2013

$

10,500

(401)

10,099

(1,014)

(9,040)

Reversal of impairment loss on property, plant and equipment 

$

45

The following is a final calculation of the disposed assets and liabilities:

Trade and other receivables 

Inventories  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets 

Property, plant and equipment 

Trade and other payables

Net disposed assets 

Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations are comprised of the following: 

$

January 31, 

2013

1,811

2,692

40

5,739

(1,242)

$

9,040 

Product and service revenues

Cost of product and service revenues

Gross margin

Total operating expenses

Reversal of (impairment loss) on property, plant and equipment

Impairment loss on goodwill

Earnings before income taxes 

Income tax expense  

Net earnings (loss) from discontinued operations 

$

2013 

2012

$ 

867 

$ 

15,540

627

240

(252)

45

-

33

(9)

24

$

11,159

4,381

(2,053)

(500)

(1,815)

13

(78)

(65)

35

  
 
     
     
     
 
     
     
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

7. Discontinued operations – Disposition of Material Products division (cont’d):

The  2012  comparative  figures  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  profit  or  loss  and  other 

comprehensive  income  have  been  reclassified  in  accordance  with  the  classification  and 

accounting of the Material Products division as discontinued operations.

Net cash flows from discontinued operations are as follows:

Cash provided by operating activities

Cash used in investing activities 

Cash provided by (used in) financing activities 

2013 

2012

  $ 

315 

$ 

2,303

- 

- 

(476)

-

Cash and cash equivalents provided by discontinued operations 

  $ 

315 

$ 

1,827

8. Acquisition: 

On  August  1,  2012  (“acquisition  date”),  the  Corporation  completed  an  agreement  to  acquire 

key assets and product lines from IdaTech, LLC (“IdaTech”).  In exchange for 7,136,237 of the 

Corporation’s common shares valued at $7,493,000 based on the Corporation’s share price at 

the acquisition date, the Corporation acquired IdaTech’s key assets including fuel cell systems 

inventory,  prepaid  right  to  inventory,  and product  lines  for  backup  power  applications, 

distributor  and  customer  relationships,  a  license  to  intellectual  property,  the  right  to  assume 

control of a contract manufacturing facility, and certain property, plant and equipment.  

The prepaid right to inventory and other current assets of approximately $2,728,000 relates to 

a  supply  commitment  whereby  IdaTech  provided  additional  units  of  finished  goods  inventory 

to  the  Corporation  prior  to  January  1,  2013.    An  additional  payment  of  approximately 

$500,000  for  the  additional  units  was  made  to  IdaTech  when  the  Corporation  received 

payment from its customers as the units were sold.

The  acquisition  has  been  accounted  for  using  the  acquisition  method  of  accounting  and, 

accordingly, the acquired assets and liabilities have been included in the consolidated financial 

statements  since  the  date  of  acquisition,  and  revenues  since  the  acquisition  date  totaling 

$5,087,000  are  reported  in  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  segment.    The  intangible 

assets  arising  from  this  acquisition  are  amortized  over  their  estimated  useful  life  of  5  years.  

Pro forma revenue and net loss attributable to the Corporation as if the assets were acquired 

on January 1, 2012 cannot be determined, as reliable information is not available.

In  2013,  acquisition  costs  of  $78,000  (2012  – $274,000) were  incurred  as  a  result  of  the 

transaction, and are recognized in general and administrative expenses.

36

  
 
  
  
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

8. Acquisition (cont’d):

The following is the fair value of the identified assets acquired, and liabilities assumed at the 

date of acquisition: 

Net assets acquired:

Inventories

Prepaid right to inventory and other current assets 

Property, plant and equipment

Intangible assets

Trade and other payables

Warranty provision

Total purchase consideration

9. Trade and other receivables:

Trade receivables
Other

Less: Non-current trade receivables

10. Inventories:

Raw materials and consumables 
Work-in-progress
Finished goods

$

1,895

2,728

861

2,886

(431)

(446)

$

7,493

December 31, 
2013

December 31, 
2012

$

$

13,248
2,442

15,690
(219)

16,709
259

16,968
(594)

$

15,471

$

16,374

December 31, 
2013

December 31, 
2012

$

$

9,157
3,120
1,810

14,087

$

$

4,702
1,646
4,929

11,277

In  2013,  changes  in raw  materials  and  consumables,  finished  goods  and  work-in-progress 

recognized  as  cost  of  product  and  service  revenues  amounted  to  $18,754,000  (2012  - 

$19,218,000).

In 2013, the write-down of inventories to net realizable value amounted to $1,192,000 (2012

-  $717,000).    There  were  no  reversals  of  previously  recorded  write-downs  in  2013 or  2012.

Write-downs  and  reversals  are  included  in  either  cost  of  product  and  service  revenues,  or 

research and product development expense, depending on the nature of inventory. 

37

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

11. Property, plant and equipment:

Cost 

Building under finance lease

Computer equipment

Furniture and fixtures 

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease

Leasehold improvements

Production and test equipment

Production and test equipment under finance lease

December 31,

December 31, 

2012

Additions

Disposals

2013

$

12,180

$

-

$

-

$

12,180

5,944

755

317

9,179

32,107

3,667

21

37

-

283

219

-

(1,384)

(104)

-

(419)

(2,936)

-

4,581

688

317

9,043

29,390

3,667

Total

$

64,149

$

560

$

(4,843) $

59,866

Accumulated depreciation and impairment loss 

2012 Depreciation

Disposals

2013

December 31,

December 31, 

Building under finance lease

Computer equipment

Furniture and fixtures 

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease

Leasehold improvements

Production and test equipment

Production and test equipment under finance lease

$

2,301

$

5,370

720

100

4,890

25,552

900

812

176

24

64

668

2,294

643

$

-

$

(1,339)

(92)

-

(342)

(2,820)

-

3,113

4,207

652

164

5,216

25,026

1,543

Total

$

39,833

$

4,681

$

(4,593) $

39,921

Cost 

Land

Building

Building under finance lease

Computer equipment

Furniture and fixtures 

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease

Leasehold improvements

Production and test equipment

Production and test equipment under 

December 31, 

Reclassified as 

December 31, 

2011

Additions

Disposals

held for sale 

2012

$

1,220

$

3,666

12,180

6,423

834

317

10,086

45,091

-

-

-

276

1

-

125

1,670

$

-

-

-

(54)

(23)

-

-

(1,493)

$

(1,220)

$

(3,666)

-

(701)

(57)

-

(1,032)

(13,161)

-

-

12,180

5,944

755

317

9,179

32,107

finance lease

Total

3,667

-

-

-

3,667

$

83,484

$

2,072

$

(1,570)

$

(19,837)

$

64,149

38

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

11. Property, plant and equipment (cont’d):

Accumulated depreciation and 
impairment loss

December 31, 
2011

Depreciation

Impairment loss

Disposals

Reclassified as 
held for sale 

December 31, 
2012

Land

Building

Building under finance lease

Computer equipment

Furniture and fixtures 

Furniture and fixtures under 

finance lease

Leasehold improvements

Production and test equipment

Production and test equipment 

$

-

$

-

$

2,199

1,488

5,676

788

37

154

813

241

12

63

4,963

32,806

694

3,003

$

-

-

-

$

-

$

(2,353)

-

(493)

(57)

- 

(54)

(23)

-     

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(767)

1,070

(975)

(10,352)

-

-

2,301

5,370

720

100

4,890

25,552

under finance lease

442

458

-

-

-

900

Total

$

48,399

$

5,438

$

1,070

$

(1,052) $ (14,022)

$

39,833

Carrying amounts

Building under finance lease

Computer equipment

Furniture and fixtures 

Furniture and fixtures under finance lease

Leasehold improvements

Production and test equipment

Production and test equipment under finance lease

Total

Leased assets 

December 31, 

December 31, 

2013

2012

$

9,067

$

9,879

374

36

153

3,827

4,364

2,124

574

35

217

4,289

6,555

2,767

$

19,945

$

24,316

The  Corporation  leases  certain  assets  under  finance  lease  agreements  including  the 

Corporation’s head office building in Burnaby, British Columbia and certain production and test 

equipment.

Impairment loss

In  2013,  there  were  no  impairment  losses  or  reversals  of  previously  recorded  impairment 

losses  recognized  against property,  plant  and  equipment  used  for  continuing  operations.  

However,  there  was  a  net  $45,000  reversal  of  previously  recognized  impairment  losses 

recorded against property, plant and equipment used for discontinued operations based on the 

final analysis of the disposition of the Material Products division (note 7).

In 2012, impairment losses of $1,070,000 were recognized, of which $570,000 related to the 

obsolescence  of  production  and  test  equipment.    The  remaining  $500,000  related  to  the 

impairment of assets held for sale (note 7).  No impairment losses were reversed in 2012.

39

   
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

12. Intangible assets:

Fuel cell technology
Balance

At January 1, 2012
Acquisition through business combination
Amortization

At December 31, 2012
Amortization

At December 31, 2013

Cost

43,443
2,886
-

46,329
-

46,329

$

$

Accumulated 
amortization

Net carrying 
amount

$

$

41,194
-
941

42,135
1,478

43,613

$

2,249
2,886
(941)

4,194
(1,478)

$

2,716

Amortization  and  impairment  losses  of  fuel  cell  technology  and  development  costs  are 

allocated  to  research  and  product  development  expense.    There  were  no  impairment  losses 

recorded in 2013 and 2012.

13. Goodwill:

For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing,  goodwill  is  allocated  to  the  Corporation’s  cash-

generating units which represent the lowest level within the Corporation at which the goodwill 

is  monitored  for  internal  management  purposes,  which  is  not  higher  than  the  Corporation’s 

operating segments (note 28).

Fuel Cell Products and Services

As  of  December  31,  2013  and  2012,  the  aggregate  carrying  amount  of  the  Corporation’s 

goodwill of $36,291,000 relates solely to the Fuel Cell Products and Services segment.

The impairment testing requires a comparison of the carrying value of the asset to the higher 

of (i) value in use; and (ii) fair value less costs to sell.  Value in use is defined as the present 

value of future cash flows expected to be derived from the asset in its current state.

The  Corporation’s  fair  value  test  is  in  effect  a  modified  market  capitalization  assessment, 

whereby  the  fair  value  of  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  segment  is  calculated  by  first 

calculating the  value of  the  Corporation  at  December  31, 2013  based on  the average  closing 

share  price  in  the  month  of  December,  adding  a  reasonable  estimated  control  premium  of 

25% to determine the Corporation’s enterprise value on a controlling basis after adjusting for 

excess  cash  balances,  and  deducting  the  estimated  costs  to  sell  from  this  enterprise  value, 

arriving  at  the  fair  value  of  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  segment.    Based  on  the  fair 

value  test,  the  Corporation  has  determined  that  the  fair  value  of  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and 

Services segment exceeds its carrying value by a significant amount as of December 31, 2013.

In  2012,  the  Corporation  had  determined  that  the  fair  value  of  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and 

Services  segment  was  deficient  compared  to  its  carrying  value,  resulting  in  a  $10,000,000 

impairment loss recognized against goodwill and the previous value of goodwill of $46,291,000 

was written down to $36,291,000 as of December 31, 2012.

40

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

13. Goodwill (cont’d):

Fuel Cell Products and Services (cont’d)

In  addition  to  the  fair  value  test,  the  Corporation  also  performed  a  value  in  use  test  on  the 

Fuel Cell Products and Services segment, comparing the carrying value of the segment to the 

present  value  of  future  cash  flows  expected  to  be  derived  from  the  segment.    The  principal 

factors  used  in  the  discounted  cash  flow  analysis  requiring  significant  estimation  are the 

projected  results  of  operations,  the  discount  rate  based  on  the  weighted  average  cost  of 

capital  (“WACC”),  and  terminal  value  assumptions. The  Corporation’s  value  in  use  test  was 

based  on  a  WACC  of  15%;  an  average  estimated  compound  annual  growth  rate  of 

approximately  30%  from 2013 to  2018;  and  a  terminal  year  earnings  before  interest,  taxes, 

depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) multiplied by a terminal value multiplier of 5.0. The 

value  in  use  assessment  resulted  in  an  estimated  fair  value  for  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and 

Services  segment  that  is  consistent  with  that  determined  under  the  fair  value,  less  costs  to 

sell, assessment.

As the recoverable amount of the Fuel Cell Products and Services segment was determined to 

be greater than its carrying amount, no impairment loss was recorded in 2013.

Material Products

The  Material  Products  segment  was  disposed  of  on  January  31,  2013  (note  7).    Accordingly, 

the fair value of the Material Products segment, determined based on a fair value less costs to 

sell assessment, compared the segment’s carrying value as of December 31, 2012 against the 

actual  net  proceeds  received  on  disposition  on  January  31,  2013.    As  a  result  of  the 

assessment, the Corporation determined that the fair value of the Material Products segment 

was  deficient  to  its  carrying  value,  resulting  in  a  $1,815,000  write-off  of  goodwill  and 

$500,000 write-down of property, plant and equipment associated with the Material Products 

segment  as  of  December  31,  2012.    In  2013,  a $45,000  reversal  of  previously  recorded 

impairment losses was recognized against the Material Products segment’s property, plant and 

equipment  once  the  disposition  analysis  was  finalized.    The  impairment  losses and  reversal

relating to the Material Products segment are included in net loss from discontinued operations 

(note 7).

41

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

14. Bank facilities: 

The Corporation has a demand revolving facility (“Bank Operating Line”) in which an operating 

line  of  credit  of  up  to  CDN  $10,000,000  is made  available  to  be  drawn  upon  by  the 

Corporation.    The  Bank  Operating  Line  is  utilized  to  assist  in  financing  the  day-to-day 

operating activities and short-term working capital requirements of the business.  Outstanding 

amounts  are  charged  interest  at  the  bank’s  prime  rate  minus  0.50%  per  annum  and  are 

repayable on demand by the bank.  

During 2013, the Corporation was advanced $334,000 (2012 - $17,331,000) under the bank 

operating  line  and  repayments  of  $9,087,000  (2012  - $12,560,000)  were  made  during  the 

year.    The  Corporation  also  benefited  from  foreign  exchange  gains  of  $605,000  as  the  Bank 

Operating  Line  was  denominated  in  Canadian  dollars  in  2013.    At  December  31,  2013,  there 

were no outstanding amounts payable on the Bank Operating Line (2012 - $9,358,000).

The  Corporation  also  has  a  CDN  $2,320,000  capital  leasing  facility  (“Leasing  Facility”)  which 

can  be  utilized  to  finance  the  acquisition  and  lease of  operating  equipment  (notes  11  &  17).  

Interest  is  charged  on  outstanding  amounts  at  the  bank’s  prime  rate  per  annum  and  is 

repayable on demand by the bank in the event of certain conditions. At December 31, 2013,

$1,772,000 (2012 - $2,546,000) was outstanding on the Leasing Facility which is included in 

the  finance  lease  liability.  The  remaining  $10,399,000  (2012  - $11,508,000) finance  lease 

liability relates to the lease of the Corporation’s head office building.

Both  the  Bank  Operating  Line and  Leasing  Facility  are  secured  by  a  hypothecation  of  the 

Corporation’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments.

15. Trade and other payables:

Trade accounts payable
Compensation payable
Other liabilities
Taxes payable

December 31, 
2013

December 31, 
2012

$

$

5,698
5,133
275
378

5,256
2,046
4,669
244

$

11,484

$

12,215

42

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

16. Provisions:

Balance 

Legal

Restructuring

Warranty
provision

Decommissioning
liabilities

Total

At January 1, 2012

$

520

$

1,004

$

8,049

$

4,733

$

14,306

Assumed through business combination 

Provisions made during the year 

Provisions used during the year 

Provisions reversed during the year

Effect of movements in exchange rates 

At December 31, 2012

Provisions made during the year 

Provisions used during the year 

Provisions reversed during the year

Effect of movements in exchange rates

At December 31, 2013

Current

Non-current

Restructuring 

-

-

(528)

-

8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,937

(2,060)

-

41

922

596

(1,213)

(41)

(27)

237

237

-

237

447

1,514

(1,309)

(373)

173

8,501

1,219

(1,076)

(1,563)

(499)

6,582

6,582

-

6,582

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

-

250

-

-

106

5,089

97

-

-

(329)

4,857

-

4,857

4,857

447

3,701

(3,897)

(373)

328

14,512

1,912

(2,289)

(1,604)

(855)

11,676

6,819

4,857

11,676

$

$

$

$

$

$

During  2013,  the  Corporation  incurred  $568,000  of  restructuring  charges  relating  to  minor 

restructurings focused on overhead cost reductions. During 2012, $1,931,000 of restructuring 

charges  due  primarily  to  a  7%  workforce  reduction  and  a  minor  restructuring  focused  on 

overhead  cost  reduction  was  incurred.    The  estimated  restructuring  costs  relate  primarily  to 

employee  termination  benefits.  Restructuring  charges  are  recognized  in  general  and 

administrative expenses. 

Warranty provision

During  2013,  the  Corporation  recorded  $1,219,000  of  warranty  provisions  for  new  product 

sales,  which  was  offset  by  warranty  expenditures  of  $1,076,000.    A  downward  warranty 

adjustment of $1,563,000 was also recorded in 2013, due primarily to contractual expirations, 

changes  in  estimated  and  actual  costs  to  repair,  and  improved  lifetimes  and reliability  of  the 

Corporation’s fuel cell products.  The remaining $499,000 reduction to the warranty provision 

related to the effect of movements in exchange rates.

During 2012, the warranty provision increased by $452,000, due in part to the assumption of 

warranty  provisions  as  part  of  the  acquisition  of  key  assets  and  product  lines  from  IdaTech 

(note 8).

43

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

16. Provisions (cont’d):

Decommissioning liabilities

Provisions for decommissioning liabilities have been recorded for the Corporation’s two leased 

locations  in  Burnaby,  British  Columbia,  comprising the  Corporation’s  head  office  building  and 

manufacturing  facilities,  and  are  related  to  site  restoration  obligations  at  the  end  of  their 

respective  lease  terms.    The  Corporation  has  made  certain  modifications  to  the  leased 

buildings  to  facilitate  the  manufacturing  and  testing  of  its  fuel  cell  products.    Consequently, 

the  site  restoration  obligations  relate  primarily  to  dismantling  and  removing  various 

manufacturing and test equipment and restoring the infrastructures of the leased buildings to 

their original states of when the respective leases were entered.

Due to the long-term nature of the liability, the most significant uncertainty in estimating the 

provision  is  the  costs  that  will  be  incurred.    The  Corporation  has  determined  a  range  of 

reasonable possible outcomes of the total costs for the head office building and manufacturing 

facility.  In determining the fair value of the decommissioning liabilities, the estimated future 

cash flows have been discounted at 3% per annum.

The  Corporation  performed  an assessment  of  the  estimated  cash  flows  required  to  settle  the 

obligations  for  the  two  buildings  as  of  December  31,  2013.    Based  on  the  assessment,  the 

changes  in  the  estimated  cash  flows  were  determined  to  be  nominal  and  as  a  result,  no 

adjustment  was  recorded.    The  increase  in  the  provision  during  2013  was  due  to  accretion 

costs.  The  total  undiscounted  amount  of  the  estimated  cash  flows  required  to  settle  the 

obligation for one of the buildings is $2,219,000, which is expected to be settled at the end of 

the lease term in 2025.  The total undiscounted amount of the estimated cash flows required 

to settle the obligation for the second building is $3,736,000, which is expected to be settled 

at the end of the operating lease term of 2019.

17. Finance lease liability:

The Corporation leases certain assets under finance lease agreements (note 11).  The finance 

leases  have  imputed  interest  rates  ranging  from 2.25%  to  7.35%  per  annum  and  expire 

between December 2014 and February 2025.

44

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

17. Finance lease liability (cont’d):

The future minimum lease payments for the Corporation’s finance leases are as follows:

Year ending December 31

2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Thereafter

Total minimum lease payments 
Less: Imputed interest

Total finance lease liability
Less: Current portion of finance lease liability 

Non-current portion of finance lease liability  

$

$

2,179
1,622
1,790
1,311
1,311
9,105

17,318
(5,147)

12,171
(1,399)

10,772

At December 31, 2013, $1,772,000 was outstanding on the Leasing Facility which is included 

in  the  finance  lease  liability.  The  remaining  $10,399,000 finance  lease  liability  relates  to  the 

lease of the Corporation’s head office building.

18. Debt to Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interests:

Dantherm  Power  has  received  financing  from  the  non-controlling  partners  in  the  form  of 

convertible debentures and a revolving credit facility.

Convertible debentures

The convertible debenture is redeemable at the option of Dantherm Power subject to approval 

by  all  convertible  debenture  holders on  or  after  January  1,  2013  including  interest  which  is 

accrued  at  12%.    Prior  to  the  maturity  date,  the  convertible  debenture  holders  may  elect  to 

convert all or part of the debenture into shares of Dantherm Power.  During the first quarter of 

2013, an extension of the maturity date from December 31, 2013 to December 31, 2014 was 

approved  by  the  subscribers  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  convertible  debenture.  The 

convertible  debentures  were  issued  with  a  conversion  price  of  either  DKK  3.40  or  DKK  0.14.  

This conversion feature was determined to have a nominal value.

On  March  31,  2013,  an  additional  $640,000  of  convertible  debt  financing  was  advanced  to 

Dantherm Power by Azure, a new non-controlling partner (note 4(a)).  The issued convertible 

debenture notes totaling approximately DKK 3,733,000 ($689,000) were comprised of a note 

for  DKK  2,400,000  ($443,000)  with  a  conversion  price  of  DKK  3.40  ($0.63)  and  a  note  for 

DKK 1,333,000 ($246,000) with a conversion price of DKK 0.14 ($0.03) and have a maturity 

date of December 31, 2014.

45

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

18. Debt to Dantherm Power A/S non-controlling interests (cont’d):

Convertible debentures (cont’d)

In  November  2013,  the  convertible  debenture  holders  elected  to  convert  the  entire 

outstanding  convertible  debt  including  interest  into  shares  of  Dantherm  Power.    The  non-

controlling  interests  in  Dantherm  Power  held  DKK  19,464,000  ($3,544,000)  of  convertible 

debt  including  interest,  which  was  converted  into  48  shares  in  Dantherm  Power.    Upon 

conversion, the convertible debt amount was reclassified to non-controlling interests in equity.  

Ballard  continues  to  hold  a  51.3%  interest  in  Dantherm  Power,  as  the  conversion  did  not 

impact the respective ownership interests.

No convertible debt is outstanding as of December 31, 2013.

Revolving credit facility

The  revolving  credit  facility  makes  available  a  revolving  facility  to  Dantherm  Power  of  a 

maximum aggregate amount of DKK 2,977,975 ($550,000) from the non-controlling partner, 

Dantherm A/S.  Interest is accrued at 6% and the facility matures on December 31, 2014.  In 

February 2014, the subscribers of the facility approved the extension of the maturity date to 

December 31, 2015 (note 30).

At December 31, 2013, the revolving credit facility outstanding was $566,000, which includes 

$16,000 of interest payable.

19. Employee future benefits:

Net defined benefit pension plan liability
Net other post-retirement benefit plan liability

Employee future benefits

December 31, 
2013

December 31, 
2012

$

$

3,036
133

3,169

$

$

5,308
853

6,161

The  Corporation  maintains  a  defined  benefit  pension  plan  covering  existing  and  former 

employees  in  the  United  States.    The  benefits  under  the  pension  plan  are  based  on  years  of 

service and salary levels accrued as of December 31, 2009.  In 2009, amendments were made 

to the defined benefit pension plan to freeze benefits accruing to employees at their respective 

years  of  service  and  salary  levels  obtained  as  of  December  31,  2009.    Certain  employees  in 

the  United  States  are  also  eligible  for  post-retirement  healthcare,  life  insurance,  and  other 

benefits.

46

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

19. Employee future benefits (cont’d):

The  Corporation  accrues  the  present  value  of  its  obligations  under  employee  future  benefit 

plans and related costs, net of the present value of plan assets.

The  measurement  date  used  to  determine  pension  and  other  post-retirement  benefit 

obligations and expense is December 31 of each year.  The most recent actuarial valuation of 

the employee future benefit plans for funding purposes was as of January 1, 2013.  The next

actuarial valuation of the employee future benefit plans for funding purposes is expected to be

performed as of January 1, 2014.

The  Corporation  expects  contributions  of  approximately  $307,000 to  be  paid  to  its  defined 

benefit plans in 2014.

The following tables reconcile the opening balances to the closing balances for the net defined 

benefit liability and its components for the two plans. The expense recognized in net income is 

recorded in Finance expense.

Defined benefit pension plan

2013

2012

2013

2012

2013

2012

Balance at January 1

$ 14,652

$

13,329

$ (9,344)

$ (8,223)

$

5,308

$

5,106

Defined benefit obligation

Fair value of plan assets

Net defined benefit liability

Included in profit or loss

Current service cost

Interest cost (income)

Benefits payable

Included in other comprehensive income

Remeasurements loss (gain):

Actuarial loss (gain) arising from:

Demographic assumptions

Financial assumptions

Experience adjustment

Return on plan assets excluding 

interest income

Plan expenses

Other

Contributions paid by the employer

Benefits paid

50

558

25

633

704

(2,027)

256

-

28

565

47

640

-

933

116

-

(355)

-

(355)

-

-

-

-

(353)

-

(353)

50

203

25

278

-

-

-

704

(2,027)

256

28

212

47

287

-

933

116

- 

(1,088)

(774)

(1,088)

(774)

(36)

(48)

36

(1,103)

1,001

(1,052)

-

(479)

(479)

-

(318)

(318)

(395)

479

84

48

(726)

(360)

318

(42)

-

(2,155)

(395)

-

(395)

-

275

(360)

-

(360)

Balance at December 31

$ 13,703

$

14,652

$ (10,667)

$ (9,344)

$

3,036

$

5,308

47

 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

19. Employee future benefits (cont’d):

Other post-retirement benefit plan

2013

2012

2013

2012

2013

2012

Defined benefit obligation

Fair value of plan assets

Net defined benefit liability

Balance at January 1

$

853

$

580

$

Included in profit or loss

Current service cost

Interest cost (income)

Included in other comprehensive income

Remeasurements loss (gain):

Actuarial loss (gain) arising from:

Demographic assumptions

Financial assumptions

Experience adjustment

Curtailment

Other

Contributions paid by the employer

Benefits paid

-

4

4

-

3

(1)

(699)

(697)

-

(27)

(27)

20

31

51

90

175

17

-

282

-

(60)

(60)

Balance at December 31

$

133

$

853

$

Pension plan assets comprise:

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(27)

27

-

-

$

$

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(60)

60

-

-

Cash and cash equivalents 

Equity securities

Debt securities

Total

$

853

$

580

-

4

4

-

3

(1)

(699)

(697)

(27)

-

(27)

$

133

$

2013

5%

20%

75%

100%

20

31

51

90

175

17

-

282

(60)

-

(60)

853

2012

3%

70%

27%

100%

The significant actuarial assumptions adopted in measuring the fair value of benefit obligations 

at December 31 were as follows:

Discount rate

Rate of compensation increase

2013

2012

Pension plan

Other benefit plan

Pension plan  Other benefit plan

4.87%

n/a

2.03%

n/a

3.87%

n/a

3.02%

n/a

The significant actuarial assumptions adopted in determining net expense for the years ended 

December 31 were as follows:

Discount rate

Rate of compensation increase

2013

2012

Pension plan

Other benefit plan

Pension plan  Other benefit plan

3.87%

n/a

3.02%

n/a

4.30%

n/a

4.30%

n/a

48

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

19. Employee future benefits (cont’d):

The assumed health care cost trend rates applicable to the other benefit plans at December 31

were as follows:

Initial medical health care cost trend rate

Initial dental health care cost trend rate

Cost trend rate declines to medical and dental

Year that the medical rate reaches the rate it is assumed to remain at

Year that the dental rate reaches the rate it is assumed to remain at

2013

7.5%

5.0%

5.0%

2018

2013

2012

8.0%

5.0%

5.0%

2018

2012

A  one-percentage-point  change  in  assumed  health  care  cost  trend  rates  would  not  have  a 

material impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

20. Equity:

(a) Share capital:

Authorized and issued:

Unlimited number of common shares, voting, without par value.

Unlimited number of preferred shares, issuable in series.

Offerings:

On  March  26,  2013,  the  Corporation  closed  an  underwritten  offering (“March  Offering”)  of 

7,275,000 units at a price of $1.10 per unit for gross March Offering proceeds of $8,003,000.  

Each  unit  in  the  March  Offering  was  comprised  of  one  common  share  and  one  warrant  to 

purchase one common share.  Each warrant is exercisable immediately upon issuance having 

a 5 year term and an exercise price of $1.50 per share.  Net proceeds from the March Offering 

were  $6,839,000  after  deducting underwriting  discounts,  commissions,  and  other  offering 

expenses,  legal  and  accounting  fees,  and  previously  incurred  costs  related  to  the  2012  base 

shelf prospectus under which the units were issued.

Gross March Offering proceeds (7,275,000 shares at $1.10 per share)

Less: Underwriting expenses

Less: Other financing expenses

Net March Offering proceeds

$

$

8,003

(642)

(522)

6,839

49

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

20. Equity (cont’d):

(a) Share capital (cont’d):

Offerings (cont’d):

On  October  9,  2013,  the  Corporation  closed  another  underwritten  offering (“October 

Offering”),  which  was  comprised  of  10,350,000  units  at  a  price  of  $1.40  per  unit for  gross 

October Offering proceeds of $14,490,000. Each  unit in the October Offering was comprised 

of  one  common  share  and  0.25  of  a  warrant  to  purchase  one  common  share.    Each  whole 

warrant is exercisable immediately upon issuance, having a 5 year term and an exercise price 

of  $2.00  per  share.    Net  proceeds  from  the  October  Offering  were  $13,138,000,  after 

deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and other estimated offering expenses.

Gross October Offering proceeds (10,350,000 shares at $1.40 per share)

$

14,490

Less: Underwriting expenses

Less: Other financing expenses

Net October Offering proceeds

(1,017)

(335)

$

13,138

At December 31, 2013, 110,133,901 common shares and 9,862,500 warrants were issued and 

outstanding (2012 – 91,801,477 common shares and nil warrants).

(b) Convertible promissory note:

On  March  28,  2013,  the  Corporation  completed  an  agreement  with  Anglo  American  Platinum 

Limited  (“Anglo”),  under  which  Anglo  invested $4,000,000  in  the  Corporation  through  its 

Platinum  Group  Metals  Development  Fund,  to  support  continued  commercial  advancement  of 

the  Corporation’s  fuel  cell  products  in  target  market  applications.  The  investment  takes  the 

form of a 5 year non-interest bearing convertible promissory note (“Note”).  The Note may be 

repaid in the form of the Corporation’s common shares at Anglo’s option on or before the loan 

maturity date of April 1, 2018.  Anglo does not have a right to demand settlement of the Note 

in  cash.    Any  common  shares  issued  on  conversion  or  repayment  will  be  priced  at  a  20% 

discount  to  the  market  price  of  the  shares  on  the  closing  date  of  the  transaction,  which 

equates  to  approximately  $0.84  per  share,  or  4,761,904  common  shares.    On  the  maturity 

date,  the  Corporation  may  elect,  at  its sole  and  entire  discretion,  to  repay  the  Note  in  cash, 

however,  the  Corporation  intends  to  settle  the  Note  by  issuing  the  Corporation’s  common 

shares  based  on  the  $0.84  per  share  conversion  price.    As  the  convertible  price  and  share 

settlement amount are fixed, and the Corporation has no intention to settle the Note in cash, 

the  $4,000,000  proceeds  and  conversion  right  has  been  accounted  for  as  a  single  equity 

instrument and recorded in contributed surplus

50

 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

20. Equity (cont’d):

(c) Share options: 

The Corporation has options outstanding under a consolidated share option plan.  All directors, 

officers and employees of the Corporation, and its subsidiaries, are eligible to participate in the 

share option plans although as a matter of policy, options are currently not issued to directors. 

Option  exercise  prices  are  denominated in  both  Canadian  and  U.S.  dollars,  depending on  the 

residency of the recipient.  Canadian dollar denominated options have been converted to U.S. 

dollars using the year-end exchange rate for presentation purposes.  

All  options  have  a  term  of  seven  to  ten years  from  the  date  of  grant  unless  otherwise 

determined by the board of directors.  One-third of the options vest and may be exercised, at 

the beginning of each of the second, third and fourth years after granting.

As at December 31, 2013, options outstanding from the consolidated share option plan was as 

follows: 

Balance 

At January 1, 2012

Options granted

Options exercised 

Options forfeited 

Options expired 

At December 31, 2012

Options granted

Options exercised 

Options forfeited 

Options expired 

At December 31, 2013

Options for
common shares

Weighted average 
exercise price

7,615,969

1,009,640

(13,501)

(1,271,663)

(435,394)

6,905,051

1,081,250

(140,533)

(702,866)

(170,800)

6,972,102

$

$

5.54

1.51

1.22

5.33

35.75

3.22

1.15

1.06

2.97

13.43

2.54

The following table summarizes information about the Corporation’s share options outstanding 

as at December 31, 2013:

Range of exercise price

$0.76 – $1.33

$1.59 – $1.97

$2.18 – $2.91

$3.63 – $6.68

$7.12 – $12.94

Options outstanding

Options exercisable

Weighted average 
remaining
contractual life 
(years)

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

4.8

4.2

3.3

1.5

0.4

3.7

$

$

1.17

1.83

2.27

5.43

7.90

2.54

Number 
outstanding

1,910,118

2,580,925

1,204,211

828,703

448,145

6,972,102

Number 
exercisable

Weighted 
average 
exercise price

711,368

$

1,673,865

1,150,544

828,703

448,145

4,812,625

$

1.23

1.86

2.27

5.43

7.90

3.04

51

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

20. Equity (cont’d):

(c) Share options (cont’d):

During  2013,  compensation  expense  of  $874,000  (2012  -  $1,274,000)  was  recorded  in  net 

income  as  a  result  of  fair  value  accounting  for  share  options  granted.  The  share  options 

granted  during  the  year  had  a  weighted  average  fair  value  of  $0.63  (2012  -  $0.80)  and 

vesting periods of three years.

The  fair  values  of  the  options  granted  were  determined  using  the  Black-Scholes  valuation 

model under the following weighted average assumptions:

Expected life

Expected dividends

Expected volatility

Risk-free interest rate

(d)  Share distribution plan:

2013

5 years

Nil

63%

1%

2012

5 years

Nil

62%

2%

The  Corporation  has  a  consolidated  share  distribution  plan  that  permits  the  issuance  of 

common shares for  no cash consideration to employees of the Corporation to recognize their 

past  contribution  and  to  encourage  future  contribution  to  the  Corporation.    At  December  31, 

2013, there were 2,322,539 (2012 – 873,441) shares available to be issued under this plan.

No compensation expense was recorded against income during the years ended December 31, 

2013 and 2012 for shares distributed, and to be distributed, under the plan.

(e) Deferred share units:

Deferred  share  units  (“DSUs”)  are  granted  to  the board  of  directors  and  executives.    Eligible 

directors may elect to receive all or part of their annual retainers and executives may elect to 

receive all or part of their annual bonuses in DSUs.  Each DSU is redeemable for one common 

share  in  the  capital  of  the  Corporation  after  the  director  or  executive  ceases  to  provide 

services  to  the  Corporation.    Shares  will  be  issued  from  the  Corporation’s  share  distribution 

plan.  

Balance

At January 1, 2012 

DSUs granted 

DSUs exercised 

At December 31, 2012

DSUs granted 

DSUs exercised 

At December 31, 2013

DSUs for common shares

290,797

249,785

(90,337)

450,245

208,972

(42,953)

616,264

52

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

20. Equity (cont’d):

(e) Deferred share units (cont’d):

During  2013,  $1,040,000 of  compensation  expense  was  recorded  in  net  income,  of  which 

$303,000  relates  to  DSUs  granted  during  the  year.    The  remaining  $737,000  relates  to 

compensation  expense  expected  to  be  earned  for  DSUs  not  yet  issued.    In  2012, 

compensation  expense  of  $176,000  was  recorded  in  net  income,  of  which  the  entire  amount 

related to DSUs granted during the year.

(f) Restricted share units:

Restricted  share  units  (“RSUs”)  are  granted  to  employees  and  executives.    Each  RSU  is 

convertible into one common share. The RSUs vest after a specified number of years from the 

date  of  issuance,  and  under  certain  circumstances,  are  contingent  on  achieving  specified 

performance criteria.

The  Corporation  has  two  plans  under  which  RSUs  may  be  granted,  the  consolidated  share 

distribution  plan  and  the  market  purchase  RSU  plan.    Awards  under  the  consolidated  share

distribution  plan  (note  20(d))  are  satisfied  by  the  issuance  of  treasury  shares  on  maturity.  

Awards granted under the market purchase RSU Plan are satisfied by shares purchased on the 

open market by a trust established for that purpose.  No common shares were repurchased in 

2013  and  2012.    As  at  December  31,  2013 the  Corporation  held  65,441  (2012  – 183,629)

shares as treasury shares.

Balance 

At January 1, 2012

RSUs granted

RSUs exercised

RSUs forfeited 

RSUs transferred 

At December 31, 2012

RSUs granted

RSUs exercised

RSUs forfeited 

RSUs transferred 

At December 31, 2013

RSUs for common shares

Share 
Distribution Plan

Market 
Purchase Plan

186,473

1,352,784

(84,530)

(122,044)

652,625

1,985,308

-

(920,789)

(277,227)

1,612,430

2,399,722

1,986,904

245,897

(124,884)

(602,893)

(652,625)

852,399

1,327,266

(208,698)

(334,731)

(1,612,430)

23,806

Total RSUs

2,173,377

1,598,681

(209,414)

(724,937)

-

2,837,707

1,327,266

(1,129,487)

(611,958)

-

2,423,528

In September 2013, 1,612,430 unvested RSUs previously granted under the Market Purchase 

Plan  were  cancelled  and  new  RSUs  were  reissued  from  the  Share  Distribution  Plan  with 

identical terms (December 2012 – 652,625). 

53

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

20. Equity (cont’d):

(f) Restricted share units (cont’d):

The fair value of RSU grants is measured based on the stock price of the shares underlying the 

RSU  on  the  date  of  grant.    During  2013,  compensation  expense  of  $1,861,000  (2012  - 

$1,296,000) was recorded against income.

21. Operating leases:

The Corporation leases a facility at its Burnaby, Canada location, which has been assessed as 

an operating lease. The facility has a lease term expiring in 2019, with renewal options after 

that date.  Lease payments of $2,434,000 were expensed in 2013 (2012 - $2,434,000).

At December 31, 2013, the Corporation is committed to payments under operating leases as 

follows:

Less than 1 year
1-3 years
4-5 years
Thereafter

Total minimum lease payments

22. Commitments and contingencies:

$

2,566
5,262
5,161
5,125

$

18,114

Prior  to  January  15,  2013,  the  Corporation  had  previous  funding  obligations  that  were 

repayable  through  potential  royalties  in  respect  of  sales  of  certain  fuel  cell-based  stationary 

power  products  under  a  development  program  with  the  Canadian  government  agency, 

Technology  Partnerships  Canada  (“TPC”).    Under the  terms  of  the  Utilities  Development 

Program, total royalties were payable annually at 4% of revenue of such products and limited 

to  a  total  maximum  repayment  of  CDN $38,329,000. On  January  15,  2013,  the  Corporation 

reached  an  agreement  with  TPC  to  terminate the  Corporation’s  obligation  for  all  existing  and 

future potential royalties payable in respect of future sales of fuel cell based stationary power 

products under the Utilities Development Program in exchange for a final repayment to TPC of 

CDN $1,930,000;  the  settlement  was  paid  in  full  in  2013.    Prior  to  the  settlement,  the 

Corporation  had  made  cumulative  royalty  repayments  totalling CDN$5,320,000  under  the 

Utilities Development Program.

The Corporation retains a previous funding obligation to pay royalties of 2% of revenues, to a 

maximum  of  $5,031,000  (CDN  $5,351,000),  on  sales  of  certain  fuel  cell  products  for 

commercial distributed utility applications.  As of December 31, 2013, no royalties have been 

incurred to date for this agreement.

54

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

22. Commitments and contingencies (cont’d):

The Corporation also retains a previous funding obligation to pay royalties of 2% of revenues, 

to  a  maximum  of  $2,068,000  (CDN  $2,200,000),  on  sales  of  certain  fuel  cell products  for 

commercial transit applications. As of December 31, 2013, no royalties have been incurred to

date for this agreement.

On  December  31,  2008,  the  Corporation  completed  a  restructuring  transaction  with  Superior 

Plus  Income  Fund  (“Superior  Plus”),  which  included  an  indemnification  agreement  (the 

“Indemnity Agreement”), which sets out the parties’ continuing obligations to the other.  The 

Indemnity Agreement provides for the indemnification by each of the parties to the other for 

breaches of representations and warranties or covenants, as well as, in the Corporation’s case, 

any liability relating to the business which is suffered by Superior Plus.

The  Corporation’s  indemnity  to  Superior  Plus  with  respect  to  representation  relating  to  the 

existence  of  the  Corporation’s  tax  pools  immediately  prior  to  the  completion  of  the 

Arrangement  is  limited  to  an  aggregate  of  $6,910,000  (CDN  $7,350,000)  with  a  threshold 

amount  of  $470,000  (CDN  $500,000)  before there is  an  obligation  to  make  a  payment.    The 

Indemnity  Agreement  also  provides  for  adjustments  to  be  paid  by  the  Corporation,  or  to  the 

Corporation, depending on the final determination of the amount of 2008 Canadian non-capital 

losses,  scientific  research  and  development  expenditures  and  investment  tax  credits,  to  the 

extent  that  such  amounts  are  more  or  less  than  the  amounts  estimated  at  the  time  the 

Arrangement  was  executed. At  December  31,  2013,  no  amount  payable  or  receivable  has 

been accrued as a result of the Indemnity Agreement.

At  December  31,  2013,  the  Corporation  has  outstanding  commitments  aggregating  up  to  a 

maximum  of  $3,000  (2012  -  $12,000)  relating  primarily  to  purchases  of  property,  plant  and 

equipment.  

The Corporation has issued an irrevocable bank guarantee totaling $579,000, which expires in 

June 2014.

23. Personnel expenses:

Personnel  expenses  are  included  in  cost  of  product  and  services  revenues,  research  and 

product development  expense,  general  and  administrative  expense,  and  sales and  marketing 

expense. 

Salaries and employee benefits
Share-based compensation (note 20)

December 31, 
2013

December 31, 
2012

$

$

47,061
3,775

50,836

$

$

45,836
2,582

48,418

In addition, $164,000 of share-based compensation was included in net loss from discontinued 

operations in 2012.

55

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

24. Finance income and expense:

Investment income
Settlement of TPC funding obligation (note 22)
Other income
Pension costs (note 19)
Foreign exchange gain (loss)

Finance income (loss) and other 

Finance expense

$

2013

141
(1,197)

-
(282)
1,553

215 

$ 

2012

249
-
(11)
(279)
(178)

(219)

(1,486)  $ 

(1,690)

$

$

$

On  January  15,  2013,  the  Corporation  reached  an  agreement  with  Technology  Partnerships 

Canada  (“TPC”)  to  terminate  all  existing  and  future  potential  royalties  payable  in  respect  of 

future  sales  of  fuel  cell  based  stationary  power  products  under  the  Utilities  Development 

Program  (Phase  2)  in  exchange  for  a  final  repayment  to  TPC  of  CDN  $1,930,000,  payable  in 

four  quarterly  installments  in  2013.    On  settlement  with  TPC,  the  Corporation  recorded  a 

charge of $1,197,000 (CDN $1,209,000) to finance income (loss) and other, representing the 

excess of the settlement amount of CDN $1,930,000 over royalty amounts previously accrued 

as of the date of settlement of CDN $721,000.  As of December 31, 2013, the settlement was

fully paid and no liability remained outstanding.

25. Income taxes:

(a) Current tax expense: 

The components of income tax benefit / (expense) included in the determination of the profit 

(loss) from continuing operations comprise of: 

Current tax expense 
Current period income tax 
Withholding tax 
Adjustment for prior periods

Total current tax expense

Deferred tax expense 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 
Adjustments for prior periods
Change in unrecognized deductible temporary differences 

Total deferred tax expense

Total income tax expense 

2013

2012

-
508
(23)

485

1,348
(416)
(932)

-

485

$

$

$

$

$

-
-
-

-

14,967
2,146
(17,113)

-

-

$

$

$

$

$

56

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

25. Income taxes (cont’d):

(a) Current tax expense (cont’d):

The  Corporation’s  effective  income  tax  rate  differs  from  the  combined  Canadian  federal  and 

provincial  statutory  income  tax  rate  for  companies.    The  principal  factors  causing  the 

difference are as follows: 

Net loss before income taxes

Expected tax expense (recovery) at 25.75% (2012 – 25.00%)
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:

Non-deductible portion of capital loss
Non-deductible expenses (non-taxable income)
Expiry of losses and investment tax credits 
Investment tax credits earned
Foreign tax rate differences
Change in unrecognized deductible temporary differences

2013

(21,239)

(5,469)

$

$

2012

$

$

(43,659)

(10,915)

1,106
(3,692)
8,236
(2,640)
77
2,867

-
3,575
27,539
(3,848)
(6)
(16,345)

Income taxes

$

485

$

-

(b) Unrecognized deferred tax liabilities:

At December 31, 2013, the Corporation did not recognize any deferred tax liabilities resulting 

from taxable temporary differences for financial statement and income tax purposes.

(c) Unrecognized deferred tax asset:

At  December  31,  2013,  the  Corporation  did  not  have  any  deferred  tax  assets  resulting  from 

the  following  deductible  temporary  differences  for  financial  statement  and  income  tax 

purposes.

Scientific research expenditures

Investment in associated companies

Accrued warranty liabilities

Share issuance costs

Losses from operations carried forward 

Capital losses carried forward

U.S. investment tax credits 

Investment tax credits

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

2013

$ 

58,347  $ 

-

25,899

2,276

91,136

-

-

23,596

200,015

2012
57,285

18,364

29,912

-

75,261

9,423

626

22,451

206,572

$ 

401,269  $ 

419,894

Deferred  tax  assets  have  not  been  recognized  in  respect  of  these  deductible  temporary

differences because it is not probable that future taxable profit will be available against which 

the Corporation can utilize the benefits. 

57

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

25. Income taxes (cont’d):

(c) Unrecognized deferred tax asset (cont’d):

The Corporation has available to carry forward the following as at December 31:

Canadian scientific research expenditures

Canadian losses from operations

Canadian investment tax credits

German losses from operations for corporate tax purposes

U.S. federal losses from operations

U.S. state losses from operations 

U.S. research and development and investment tax credits 

U.S. capital losses

Denmark losses from operations

2013

$ 

58,347  $ 

41,685

23,595

303

13,140

1,702

-

-

34,306

2012
57,285

29,710

22,451

241

13,514

1,702

626

9,423

30,094

The  Canadian  scientific  research  expenditures  may  be  carried  forward  indefinitely.    The 

Canadian  losses  from  operations  may  be  used  to  offset  future  Canadian  taxable  income  and 

expire over the period from 2029 to 2033.

The German and Denmark losses from operations may be used to offset future taxable income 

in  Germany  and  Denmark  for  corporate  tax  and  trade  tax  purposes  and  may  be  carried 

forward indefinitely.  

The U.S. federal losses from operations may be used to offset future U.S. taxable income and 

expire over the period from 2018 to 2033.  The U.S. states losses from operations arising in 

California  may  be  used  to  offset  future  state  taxable  income  and  may  be  carried  forward  for 

ten years.  

The  Canadian  investment  tax  credits  may  be  used  to  offset  future  Canadian  income  taxes 

otherwise payable and expire as follows:

2014

2016

2017

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2029

2030

2031

2032

2033

$ 

100

89

99 

2,472

1,800

1,697

1,361

1,136

4,455

3,051

2,836

2,467

2,033

$ 

23,596

58

 
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

26. Related party transactions:

Related  parties  include  shareholders  with  a  significant  ownership  interest  in  either  the 

Corporation or  Dantherm  Power,  together  with  their subsidiaries  and  affiliates. The  revenue 

and costs recognized from transactions with such parties reflect the prices and terms of sales 

and  purchase  transactions  with  related  parties,  which  are  in  accordance  with  normal  trade 

practices.    Transactions  between  the  Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries  are  eliminated  on 

consolidation. 

Balances with related parties:

Trade payables

Interest payable (note 18)

Convertible debenture payable (note 18)

Revolving credit facility (note 18)

Transactions during the year with related parties:

Purchases

Finance expense 

$

$

2013

139

16

-

550

2013

185

322

$

$

2012

100

417

2,507

-

2012

309

289

The  Corporation  provides  key  management  personnel,  being  board  directors  and  executive 

officers,  certain  benefits,  in  addition  to  their  salaries.    Key  management  personnel  also 

participate in the Corporation’s share-based compensation plans (note 20).

In  addition  to  cash  and  equity  compensation,  the  Corporation  provides  the  executive  officers 

with  certain  personal  benefits,  including  car  allowance,  medical  benefit  program,  long  and 

short-term  disability  coverage,  life  insurance  and  an  annual  medical  and  financial  planning 

allowance.  

In  accordance  with  the  employment  agreements  of  the  executive  officers,  the  Corporation  is 

required  to  provide  notice  of  12  months  plus  one  month  for  every  year  of  employment 

completed  with  the  Corporation,  to  a  maximum  of  24  months,  or  payment  in  lieu  of  such 

notice, consisting of the salary, bonus and other benefits that would have been earned during 

such notice period.  If there is a change of control, and if the executive officer’s employment is 

terminated, including a constructive dismissal, within 2 years following the date of a change of 

control,  the  executive  officer  is  entitled  to  a  payment  equivalent  to  payment  in  lieu  of  a  24 

month notice period.

Key management personnel compensation is comprised of:

Salaries and employee benefits
Post-employment retirement benefits 
Termination benefits
Share-based compensation (note 20)

2013

2,441
46
-
2,543

5,030

$

$

$

$

2012

2,412
63
-
1,396

3,871

59

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

27. Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Non-cash financing and investing activities:

Compensatory shares 

Shares issued for acquisition (note 8) 

2013

738

-

$

$

2012

427

7,493

$

$

28. Operating segments:

The Corporation operates in a single segment, Fuel Cell Products and Services, which consists 

of  the  sale,  service,  and  licensing  of  fuel  cell  products  for  “commercial  stage”  markets  of 

Telecom Backup Power and Material Handling and for “development stage” markets of Bus and 

Distributed  Generation,  as  well  as  the  provision  of  Engineering  Services  for  a  variety  of  fuel 

cell applications.

As a result of the disposition of the Material Products division on January 31, 2013, the former 

Material  Products  segment  has  been  classified  as  discontinued  operations  and  therefore  has 

been  removed  from  the  continuing  operating  results  (note  7).    The  former  Material  Products 

segment  sold  carbon  fiber  products  primarily  for  automotive  transmissions  and  gas  diffusion 

layers (“GDL”) for fuel cells.

In  2013,  revenues  from  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  segment  included  sales  to  four 

individual customers of $14,274,000, $13,038,000, $6,369,000, and $6,354,000, respectively, 

which exceeded 10% of total revenue.

In  2012,  revenues  from  the  Fuel  Cell  Products  and  Services  segment  included  sales  to  two

individual  customers  of  $6,152,000  and  $5,500,000,  respectively,  which  exceeded  10%  of 

total revenue.

Revenues  from  continuing  operations  by  geographic  area,  which  are  attributed  to  countries 

based on customer location for the years ended December 31, is as follows:

Revenues

Canada
U.S.
Belgium 
China
Denmark
Germany
Japan
South Africa
Other countries

$

$

2013

4,580
8,816
3,848
15,123
799
14,407
6,801
1,356
5,521

$

61,251

$

2012

9,669
11,346
4,119
631
1,716
2,664
1,002
6,887
5,656

43,690

60

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

28. Operating segments (cont’d):

Non-current assets by geographic area are as follows: 

Non-current assets 

Canada
U.S.
Denmark 
Germany 
Mexico

29. Financial instruments:

(a) Fair value:

December 31, 
2013

December 31, 
2012

$

$

57,857
391
688
-
567

$

59,503

$

63,935
251
1,318
59
686

66,249

The  Corporation’s  financial  instruments  consist  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  short-term 

investments, trade and other receivables, investments, trade and other payables, and finance 

lease liability.  The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, trade 

and  other  payables approximate  their  carrying  values because  of  the  short-term  nature  of 

these  instruments.    The  Corporation’s  investments  (note  29(c))  are  not  actively  traded, 

therefore management estimates fair value using valuation techniques that require inputs that 

are  unobservable,  including  inputs  made  available  by  its  investees  (i.e.  Level  3  of  the  fair 

value hierarchy).  The interest rates applied to the finance lease liability are not considered to 

be materially different from market rates, thus the carrying value of the finance lease liability

approximates fair value.  The carrying value of short-term investments equal their fair values 

as they are classified as held for trading. 

Fair value measurements recognized in the statement of financial position must be categorized 

in accordance with the following levels: 

(i)  Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 

(ii)  Level  2:  Inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  in  Level  1  that  are  observable  for  the 

asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices); 

(iii) Level  3: Inputs  for  the  asset  or  liability  that  is not  based  on  observable  market  data 

(unobservable inputs). 

The Corporation categorized the fair value measurement of its short-term investments in Level 

1 as they are primarily derived directly from reference to quoted (unadjusted) prices in active 

markets. 

61

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

29. Financial instruments (cont’d):

(b) Carrying value:

As  of  December  31,  2013,  the  carrying  values  of  the  Corporation’s  financial  instruments 

approximate  their  fair  values.    For  the  Corporation’s  non-financial  assets  and  liabilities 

measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, no fair value measurements were made as at 

December 31, 2013 with the exception of the investment in Chrysalix, which was written down 

to its estimated net realizable value (note 29(c)).

(c) Investments:

Investments are comprised of the following:

Chrysalix Energy Limited Partnership

Other

December 31, 2013

December 31, 2012

Percentage

Percentage 

Amount

ownership

Amount

ownership

$

$

150

7

157

15.0%

$

$

659

8

667

15.0%

The Corporation’s 15% ownership share in Chrysalix is accounted for as an available-for-sale 

financial asset and recorded at fair value.  

In  2013,  the  Corporation  made additional  capital  contributions  in  Chrysalix  of  $4,000.    In 

2012,  the  Corporation  made additional  capital  contributions  in  Chrysalix  of  $44,000,  which 

was offset by cash distributions received from Chrysalix of $12,000.

In  2013,  the  Corporation  recorded  an  impairment  loss  of  $513,000  to  adjust  the  carrying 

value of Chrysalix to its estimated net realizable value of $150,000.  No impairment loss was 

recorded in 2012.

(d)  Financial risk management: 

The Corporation primarily has exposure to currency exchange rate risk, interest rate risk and 

credit  risk.    These  risks  arise  primarily  from  the  Corporation’s  holdings  of  Canadian  dollar 

denominated cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.

At December 31, 2013

Canadian dollar 
portfolio(1)

U.S. dollar 
portfolio

Other (1)

Total

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 

11,044 

  $ 

19,137 

  $ 

120    $ 

30,301

Short-term investments

- 

- 

-   

-

Total 

  $ 

11,044 

  $ 

19,137 

  $ 

120    $ 

30,301

62

   
   
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

29. Financial instruments (cont’d):

(d)  Financial risk management (cont’d): 

At December 31, 2012

Canadian dollar 
portfolio(1)

U.S. dollar 
portfolio

Other (1)

Total

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 

5,419 

  $ 

3,591 

  $ 

760    $ 

9,770

Short-term investments

12,068 

- 

-   

12,068

Total 

  $ 

17,487 

  $ 

3,591 

  $ 

760    $ 

21,838

(1) U.S. dollar equivalent

Changes  arising  from  these  risks  could  impact  the  Corporation’s  reported  investment  and 

other  income  through  either  changes  to  investment  income  or  foreign  exchange  gains  or 

losses (note 24).

The Corporation did not realize any material gains or losses on its trade and other receivables

or its financial liabilities measured at amortized cost.

Foreign currency exchange rate risk

Foreign currency exchange rate risk is the risk that the fair value of deferred cash flows of a 

financial  instrument  will  fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates.    The 

Corporation  is  exposed  to  currency  risks  primarily  due  to  its  holdings  of  Canadian  dollar 

denominated  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  and  its  Canadian  dollar 

denominated purchases and accounts payable.  Substantially all receivables are denominated 

in U.S. dollars.  

The Corporation limits its exposure to foreign currency risk by holding Canadian denominated 

cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  in  amounts  up  to  100%  of  forecasted 

twelve month Canadian dollar net expenditures and up to 50% of the following twelve months 

of forecasted Canadian dollar net expenditures, thereby creating a natural hedge.  Periodically, 

the  Corporation  also  enters  into  forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  to  further  limit  its 

exposure.    At  December  31,  2013,  the  Corporation  held  Canadian  dollar  denominated  cash, 

cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  of  CDN  $11,746,000  and  had  no  outstanding 

forward foreign exchange contracts.

The following exchange rates applied during the year ended December 31, 2013:

January 1, 2013 Opening rate

December 31, 2013 Closing rate

Fiscal 2013 Average rate

$U.S. to $1.00 CDN 

$CDN to $1.00 U.S.

$ 1.005

$ 0.940

$ 0.971

$ 0.995

$ 1.064

$ 1.030

63

    
   
   
 
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

29. Financial instruments (cont’d):

(d)  Financial risk management (cont’d): 

Foreign currency exchange rate risk (cont’d)

Based  on  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  held  at  December  31,  2013,  a 

10%  increase  in  the  Canadian  dollar  against  the  U.S.  dollar,  with  all  other  variables  held 

constant,  would  result in an  increase  in foreign  exchange  gains  of  approximately  $1,104,000

recorded against net income.

If  the  Canadian  dollar  weakened  10%  against  the  U.S.  dollar,  there  would  be  an  equal,  and 

opposite  impact,  on  net  income.    This  sensitivity  analysis  includes  foreign  currency 

denominated monetary items, and adjusts their translation at year-end, for a 10% change in 

foreign currency rates.

Commodity risk

Commodity  risk  is  the  risk  of  financial  loss  due  to  fluctuations  in  commodity  prices,  in 

particular,  for  the  price  of  platinum and  palladium,  which  are  key  components  of  the 

Corporation’s  fuel  cell  products.    Platinum  and  palladium  are  scarce  natural  resources  and 

therefore  the  Corporation  is  dependent  upon  a  sufficient  supply  of  these  commodities.    To 

manage  its  exposure  to  commodity  price  fluctuations,  the  Corporation  may  include platinum 

and  or  palladium  pricing  adjustments  directly  into  certain  significant  customer  contracts,  and 

may  also  periodically  enter into  platinum  and  or  palladium  forward  contracts.    At  December 

31, 2013, there were no platinum or palladium forward contracts outstanding.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of deferred cash flows of a financial instrument 

will  fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  market  interest  rates.    The  Corporation  is  exposed  to 

interest  rate  risk  arising  primarily  from  fluctuations  in  interest  rates  on  its  cash,  cash 

equivalents  and  short-term  investments.    The  Corporation  limits its exposure  to interest  rate 

risk  by  continually  monitoring  and  adjusting  portfolio  duration  to  align  to  forecasted  cash 

requirements and anticipated changes in interest rates.

Based on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at December 31, 2013, a 0.25% 

decline  in  interest  rates,  with  all  other  variables  held  constant, would  result  in  a  decrease  in 

investment income $76,000, arising mainly as a result of an increase in the fair value of fixed 

rate financial  assets  classified  as  held-for-trading.    If  interest  rates  had  been  0.25%  higher, 

there would be an equal and opposite impact on net income.

64

BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2013, and 2012
(Tabular amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts and number of shares)

29. Financial instruments (cont’d):

(d) Financial risk management (cont’d): 

Credit risk

Credit  risk  is  the  risk  of  financial  loss  to  the  Corporation  if  a  counterparty  to  a  financial 

instrument  fails  to  meet  its  contractual  obligations  and  arises  principally  from  the 

Corporation’s  cash,  cash  equivalents,  short-term  investments  and  accounts  receivable.    The 

Corporation  limits  its  exposure  to  credit  risk  on  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term 

investments  by  only  investing  in  liquid,  investment  grade  securities.    The  Corporation 

manages  its  exposure  to  credit  risk  on  accounts  receivable  by  assessing  the  ability  of 

counterparties to fulfill their obligations under the related contracts prior to entering into such 

contracts, and continuously monitors these exposures.

30. Subsequent event:

In  February  2014,  the  maturity  date  of  the  revolving  credit  facility  made  available  to 

Dantherm  Power  by  a  non-controlling  partner  (note  18)  was  extended  from  December  31, 

2014 to December 31, 2015.

65

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CONTENTS 

Notice of Annual Meeting .................................................................................................................................................. 1 
Management Proxy Circular .............................................................................................................................................. 8 
Matters to be Voted Upon ................................................................................................................................................. 8 
Voting Information ............................................................................................................................................................ 8 
Corporate Governance ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 
Executive Compensation ................................................................................................................................................. 20 
Additional Information .................................................................................................................................................... 40 
Defined Terms .................................................................................................................................................................. 42 
Appendix "A" Board Mandate ......................................................................................................................................... A1 
Appendix "B" Description of Option Plan ....................................................................................................................... B1 
Appendix"C" Description of SDP ..................................................................................................................................... C1 
Financial Information ....................................................................................................................................................... D1 

ABOUT BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS  
Ballard  Power  Systems  (NASDAQ:  BLDP)(TSX:  BLD)  is  a  global  leader  in  clean  energy  fuel  cell  products  and 
services. We have extensive expertise in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell technology, built on years 
of  experience  in  product  design,  testing,  system  integration  and  commercialization.  Our  350  dedicated 
employees – most of whom are located at our headquarters facility in Vancouver, Canada – sell to and support 
customers in such international locations as Southeast Asia, China, India, U.S., Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, 
Europe and Africa. Our business model is focused on fuel cell product sales, engineering services and licensing 
activities. Learn more in this document and at www.ballard.com.  

CAUTION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This  document  contains  forward-looking  statements  concerning: 
revenue  estimates;  market  growth  projections;  operating 
expenses; cost savings; adjusted EBIDTA; product cost reductions 
and product  shipments.These  forward-looking  statements reflect 
Ballard’s current expectations as contemplated under section 27A 
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Any such forward-
looking statements are based on Ballard’s assumptions relating to 
its  financial  forecasts  and  expectations  regarding  its  product 
development  efforts,  manufacturing  capacity,  and  market 
demand. 

These  statements  involve  risks  and  uncertainties  that  may  cause 
Ballard's actual results to be materially different, including general 
economic  and  regulatory  changes,  detrimental  reliance  on  third 
parties,  successfully  achieving  our  business  plans  and  achieving 
and sustaining profitability. For a detailed discussion of these and 
other  risk  factors  that  could  affect  Ballard's  future  performance, 
please  refer  to  Ballard's  most  recent  Annual  Information  Form.  
Readers  should  not  place  undue  reliance  on  Ballard's  forward-
looking  statements  and  Ballard  assumes  no  obligation  to  update 
or  release  any  revisions  to  these  forward-looking  statements, 
other than as required under applicable legislation. 

PUTTING FUEL CELLS TO WORK

CORPORATE INFORMATION 

CORPORATE(cid:3)OFFICES(cid:3)
Ballard(cid:3)Power(cid:3)Systems(cid:3)Inc.(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Headquarters(cid:3)
9000(cid:3)Glenlyon(cid:3)Parkway(cid:3)
Burnaby,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)V5J(cid:3)5J8(cid:3)
T:(cid:3)604.454.0900(cid:3)
F:(cid:3)604.412.4700(cid:3)
(cid:3)
(cid:3)
TRANSFER(cid:3)AGENT(cid:3)
Computershare(cid:3)Trust(cid:3)(cid:3)
Company(cid:3)of(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
Shareholder(cid:3)Services(cid:3)Department(cid:3)
510(cid:3)Burrard(cid:3)Street(cid:3)
Vancouver,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)V6C(cid:3)3B9(cid:3)
T:(cid:3)1.800.564.6253(cid:3)
F:(cid:3)1.866.249.7775(cid:3)
(cid:3)
(cid:3)
STOCK(cid:3)LISTING(cid:3)
Ballard’s(cid:3)common(cid:3)shares(cid:3)are(cid:3)(cid:3)
listed(cid:3)on(cid:3)the(cid:3)Toronto(cid:3)Stock(cid:3)(cid:3)
Exchange(cid:3)under(cid:3)the(cid:3)trading(cid:3)(cid:3)
symbol(cid:3)BLD(cid:3)and(cid:3)on(cid:3)the(cid:3)
NASDAQ(cid:3)Global(cid:3)Market(cid:3)(cid:3)
under(cid:3)the(cid:3)trading(cid:3)symbol(cid:3)BLDP.(cid:3)
(cid:3)
INVESTOR(cid:3)RELATIONS(cid:3)
To(cid:3)obtain(cid:3)additional(cid:3)information,(cid:3)
please(cid:3)contact:(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Ballard(cid:3)Power(cid:3)Systems(cid:3)
Investor(cid:3)Relations(cid:3)
9000(cid:3)Glenlyon(cid:3)Parkway(cid:3)
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T:(cid:3)604.412.3195(cid:3)
F:(cid:3)604.412.3100(cid:3)
E:(cid:3)investors@ballard.com(cid:3)
W:(cid:3)www.ballard.com(cid:3)

EXECUTIVE(cid:3)MANAGEMENT(cid:3)(cid:3)

(cid:3)
(cid:3)

(cid:3)

John(cid:3)W.(cid:3)Sheridan(cid:3)
President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Executive(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Tony(cid:3)Guglielmin(cid:3)
Vice(cid:3)President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Financial(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Paul(cid:3)Cass(cid:3)
Vice(cid:3)President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Operations(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Christopher(cid:3)J.(cid:3)Guzy(cid:3)
Vice(cid:3)President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Technical(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Steven(cid:3)Karaffa(cid:3)
Vice(cid:3)President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)(cid:3)
Commercial(cid:3)Officer(cid:3)
(cid:3)
INDEPENDENT(cid:3)AUDITORS(cid:3)
(cid:3)
KPMG(cid:3)LLP(cid:3)
Vancouver,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
LEGAL(cid:3)COUNSEL(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Canada:(cid:3)
Stikeman(cid:3)Elliott,(cid:3)LLP(cid:3)
Vancouver,(cid:3)BC(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
United(cid:3)States:(cid:3)
Dorsey(cid:3)&(cid:3)Whitney(cid:3)LLP(cid:3)
Seattle,(cid:3)WA(cid:3)USA(cid:3)
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Law(cid:3)Group,(cid:3)LLC(cid:3)
Seattle,(cid:3)WA(cid:3)USA(cid:3)

BOARD(cid:3)OF(cid:3)DIRECTORS(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Ian(cid:3)A.(cid:3)Bourne(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
Alberta,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Douglas(cid:3)P.(cid:3)Hayhurst(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
British(cid:3)Columbia,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Edwin(cid:3)J.(cid:3)Kilroy(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
Ontario,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
John(cid:3)W.(cid:3)Sheridan(cid:3)
President(cid:3)&(cid:3)Chief(cid:3)Executive(cid:3)
Officer(cid:3)
British(cid:3)Columbia,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Carol(cid:3)M.(cid:3)Stephenson(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
Ontario,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
David(cid:3)B.(cid:3)Sutcliffe(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
British(cid:3)Columbia,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
Ian(cid:3)Sutcliffe(cid:3)
Corporate(cid:3)Director(cid:3)
Ontario,(cid:3)Canada(cid:3)
(cid:3)
(cid:3)
(cid:3)

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