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Bango Plc

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FY2014 Annual Report · Bango Plc
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The Bango mobile payment platform is vital to the 
global growth in digital content sales. The giants of 
mobile choose the Bango Payment Platform to 
provide a delightful and immediate payment 
experience that maximizes sales of digital content. 

With over 140 markets activated by our partners, 
the Bango Payment Platform is established as the 
global standard for app stores to offer carrier 
billing. As the next billion consumers pick up their 
first smartphone, Bango technology will be there to 
unlock the universe of apps, video, games and 
other content that bring those smartphones to life. 
Global leaders plugging into Bango include 
Amazon, BlackBerry, Facebook, Google, Microsoft 
and Mozilla. 

January to December 2014 saw Bango exceed 140 
Mobile Network Operator activations, with new 
integrations in strategically vital, fast-growing 
markets, including Indonesia, Mexico, South Africa 
and across the Middle East. 

Bango was proud to launch two entirely new app 
store integrations during 2014, with Amazon, who 
are acknowledged as the masters of connected 
commerce, and with Samsung, the world’s largest 
smartphone manufacturer. Six of the world’s 
largest app stores have chosen the Bango Payment 
Platform, demonstrating that Bango has emerged 
as the de facto global standard for carrier billing in 
app stores. 

 
 
Contents 01 

Contents  

Highlights……………….……………………….....…………..….………...…02 

Strategic report 

  Chairman statement…….......................………………….……......……03 
  CEO statement……………………........................….…….……...……..04 
  CFO statement…………………….........................……….…...………..07 
  Strategic report……………….…........................………....……......…..09 

Business review 

  Progress report.…………………….………….………….…………....……11 
  Products…………………………………………………………….…...……13 
  Business model………………………………………………………....…...13 
  Key market developments……..……………….………………………...…14 

Report of Directors 

  Directors……….......................………………………………….…...…...15 
  Company information…………….…….………….....................…….....17 
  Directors’ report…………………………….…………............................18 
  Corporate governance statement…......................….………...…………20 
  Remuneration Committee report….….…….……........................……..21 

Financial statements 

  Independent auditor’s report to the members of Bango PLC…...….…...22 
  Consolidated balance sheet……….…................................…...…...…23 
  Consolidated statement of comprehensive income..............................24 
  Consolidated cash flow statement…….….........................…......….....25 
  Consolidated statement of changes in equity……...............................26 
  Notes to the financial statements…….…….….…...............................27 
  Independent auditor’s report to the members of Bango PLC…...….......45 
  Company balance sheet…………….……......................…….....……...46 
  Notes to the financial statements…….………..…...............................47 

Shareholder notices 

  Notice of General Meeting………………….……..............................…50 
  Form of proxy….……………………….....................……….....…....…..52 
  Explanatory  notes….........................................….….…....................54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Highlights 02 

Highlights 

Live stores 

Google Play 

Firefox Marketplace 

BlackBerry Messenger 

22 

BlackBerry World 

Windows Phone Store 

Amazon Appstore 

Samsung GALAXY Apps 

2011 

           2012 

                       2013          

                  2014 

Cost 
Stable operational cost base of £5.0m (FY2013: £5.1m)  

Capacity 

Bango Platform tested at £650m ($1bn) annualized spend levels 

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Daily end user spend 

End user spend increased to £25.2m (FY2013: £15.6m), up 62% 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash balance of £6.3m (FY2013: £5.1m)  

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       2013            2014 

FY2013 

        FY2014 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
03 Chairman’s statement  

Chairman’s statement 

Over the past two years, Bango has made 
significant investment into its platform, 
both in terms of capacity and robustness. 
This has enabled the team to secure 
partnerships with many of the world’s 
leading app stores. 2014 was the year 
that these investments and customer 
wins started to show a return, as 
evidenced by the increased transaction 
volumes and end user spend through the 
Bango Platform. Crucially, end user 
spend is now rising without the need to 
increase the cost base of the business.  

The Bango Payment Platform has been 
tested with loads in excess of £650m 
($1bn) per year of end user spend. Bango 
announced and launched two new app 
store partnerships, with Amazon and 
Samsung, during the final few months of 
2014. With additional potential volumes 
of end user spend coming from these in 
addition to the existing relationships with 
Google, Microsoft, BlackBerry and 
Mozilla, and with the Bango Payment 

Platform able to process this growth 
within current cost base, Bango is now 
well positioned to benefit financially from 
its strategic position in the market.   

After achieving success in providing 
payment services for independent content 
providers in the UK and USA – resulting 
in a maiden profit in 2010, Bango made 
the strategic decision to invest in product 
development for the app stores which are 
at the heart of digital content sales in a 
market increasingly dominated by 
smartphones. 

App stores have adopted carrier billing at 
varying rates, beginning with BlackBerry 
in 2011 and with Samsung, the world’s 
largest smartphone vendor, the most 
recent to embrace the technology. These 
stores have all chosen to integrate with 
the Bango Payment Platform.  

Key partnerships with many of the giants 
of mobile are in place. End user spend is 
starting to rise rapidly and the platform is 

demonstrating its ability to scale while 
the Bango cost base remains stable.  

The global market for paid content is 
growing and it is now clear that carrier 
billing will take a meaningful share of 
that market. Bango fulfils a vital industry 
role, delivering carrier billing for app 
stores. I look forward to Bango’s next 
stage of growth.  

I would like to thank the Bango team for 
their impressive work in securing 140 live 
activations, across 60 countries for six of 
the world’s largest app stores. Thanks 
also to shareholders in Bango for their 
continued support as we see the 
investments Bango has made in 
technology and partnerships starting to 
bear fruit in its financial outlook. 

David Sear 
Chairman 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CEO’s statement 04 

CEO’s statement 

Bango has now emerged as the de facto standard for carrier billing 
in app stores 

2014 was a year of strong progress for 
Bango. App stores continue to fuel the 
rapid growth in digital content sales, with 
the Bango Payment Platform enabling 
app store purchases to be charged to a 
user's phone bill. Bango has now 
emerged as the de facto standard for 
carrier billing in app stores, uniting the 
industry behind a common platform that 
drives up revenues, while providing the 
best consumer purchasing experience.   

All major app stores that have chosen to 
deploy Direct Carrier Billing (DCB) have 
chosen to partner with Bango, and Bango 
is now the natural partner for Mobile 
Network Operators (MNOs) seeking to 
harness revenue from the digital content 
sales passing over their networks.  

The Bango model and opportunity 
Bango's objective is to enable one-click 
mobile payment at massive scale, 
maximizing conversion rates and driving 
revenues for app stores, mobile operators 
and content developers. Bango's proven 
platform acts as a single point of 
integration for app stores and MNOs 
around the world, enabling them to 
effectively use Direct Carrier Billing to 
monetize digital content. Partnerships are 
in place with many of the world's largest 
app stores and Bango is now focused on 
activating Direct Carrier Billing for app 
stores across the wide range of integrated 
mobile operators through the Bango 
Platform.  

Bango generates revenue from payment 
transactions in two ways: Firstly, in a 
mode where Bango collects the payment 
from the user, and passes it on to the app 
store while retaining a portion – this is 

called “acting as principal”. Secondly 
where the app store receives the payment 
enabled by Bango technology directly 
from the user, and pays a fee to Bango – 
this is called the “agency model”.  

manufacturer, announced a global carrier 
billing partnership with Bango, with plans 
to roll out immediately across a wide 
range of MNOs. These relationships will 
drive additional growth in 2015.  

The Bango Payment Platform enables 
app stores to increase their sales by 
making payment easier and faster. Bango 
data shows that if consumers are only 
presented with a credit/debit card 
payment option, conversion rates can be 
as low as 0.5% in developing markets, 
and rarely exceed 40% even in markets 
where card penetration is high. Data from 
the first 8 months of 2014 showed an 
average conversion rate for carrier billing 
for five app stores using the Bango 
Payment Platform of 82% (excluding 
transactions limited by monthly spend 
caps for specific users). This powerful 
advantage was one of the key factors 
motivating new app store and MNO sign 
ups during FY2014.  

Continued momentum with app 
stores and ongoing activations with 
Mobile Network Operators  
Bango made significant progress in 
FY2014, completing new activations for a 
number of app stores. These included 
new Google activations, the first Amazon 
activation and the first Samsung 
activations. There also more activations 
across BlackBerry, Microsoft, Mozilla and 
others.  

Bango was delighted to announce two 
entirely new app store integrations during 
the year. Amazon and Bango launched 
carrier billing for Amazon Appstore in 
September 2014 and, in October 2014, 
Samsung, the world’s largest smartphone 

Almost 100 MNOs have now integrated 
with the Bango Payment Platform and are 
using it to provide their billing services to 
one or more app stores. During FY2014, 
Bango was pleased to secure a number of 
mobile operator group deals - including 
with Etisalat and Deutsche - which 
expand the pipeline of future activations 
faster than one-by-one agreements, and 
speed up the activation of app stores 
across multinational mobile operators.  

Google 
As expected, the majority of end user 
spend growth in FY2014 came from the 
initial ramp up of Google Play 
transactions which are expected to 
continue and accelerate into 2015. 
Google Play is the content store available 
on Android, which powers the most 
smartphones worldwide. Many early 
Google Play carrier billing deployments 
were completed directly between MNOs 
and Google, but Bango has been able to 
win an increasing share of new MNO 
deployments. Bango offers several key 
commercial and technical advantages to 
MNOs, compared with a direct integration 
with Google, including speed to market, 
compatibility with other app stores, 
uniquely valuable analytics, and centrally 
managed operational support. 

Mozilla 
Bango provides carrier billing, collection 
and settlement for Firefox Marketplace, 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
05 CEO’s statement  

which is part of a completely new 
hardware, software and content 
ecosystem from Mozilla, targeted at 
emerging markets and based around 
HTML5 open web technology. The service 
was initially launched during summer 
2013 in several Latin American 
countries, as well as in Spain and Poland 
and during FY2014 the service was 
launched in additional markets in 
Germany, Mexico and Hungary.  

Microsoft 
After launching the first integration with 
Microsoft’s Windows Phone Store in 
summer 2013, Bango continued to 
develop its partnership with Microsoft 
during FY2014. New launches during the 
year included both MNOs in the UAE, 
Etisalat and du. Bango is confident that 
it will secure an increasing share of 
Microsoft’s future DCB business. 
Microsoft has high hopes that the arrival 
of Windows 10 in FY2015 will help 
Microsoft gain momentum in mobile. 

BlackBerry 
Bango powers carrier billing for users of 
BlackBerry World with more than 75 
MNOs. BlackBerry remains a major player 
in many populous, developing world 
markets, including in Indonesia and 
Saudi Arabia. BlackBerry recently started 
deploying BlackBerry Messenger (BBM) 
across Android, Windows and iPhone and 
has recently started using Bango 
technology to collect payments for 
valuable BBM based services driving 
incremental revenues and giving Bango 
useful exposure and experience in 
markets that may become attractive to 
other larger customers. 

Amazon 
The first Bango activation with Amazon 
Appstore was in September 2014, with 
O2 in Germany. While as expected this 
initial integration did not generate 
significant revenue during FY2014, 
Bango anticipates a broader rollout 
during FY2015 as Amazon seeks to 
mirror its success in physical goods in 
the digital goods space. 

Samsung 
Samsung GALAXY Apps is the Samsung 
global content store. It was initially 
established using Premium SMS (PSMS) 
technology for payment in a number of 
markets. PSMS is an outdated technology 
associated with consumer harm which is 
being regulated out of existence in many 
major markets. Samsung’s global 
partnership with Bango supports its move 
towards more modern and consumer 
friendly Direct Carrier Billing technology.  

Bango and Samsung were able to launch 
several markets very quickly after 
agreement. Bango launched 4 carrier 
billing activations for Samsung in 3 
markets in late 2014, in Canada, South 
Africa and the UAE, and there is a busy 
program of integrations and activations 
underway for FY2015. 

Prepared for high growth in 
transaction volumes 
The current Bango Platform and systems 
have been designed and tested to 
transaction volumes equivalent to end 
user spend of approximately £650m per 
year - with no increase in cost. 
Administrative expenses for the period 
were £5.0m (FY2013: £5.1m) showing 

that, although end user spend has grown 
rapidly, the cost base is stable as 
planned.  

Product development and the 
platform effect 
In FY2014 Bango focused its highly 
experienced development team on 
innovations in the Bango Payment 
Platform, to capitalize on the unique and 
considerable opportunities presented as 
the platform has emerged as a global hub 
for mobile commerce. Bango’s analytics 
capabilities were deployed to MNOs as 
the Bango Dashboard, offering partners a 
unique view of the digital content 
purchase process - including successes 
and failures - enabling MNOs and app 
stores to increase their digital content 
sales. 

In addition, technology is being 
developed to speed up the path from the 
early stages of discussion between MNOs 
and app stores to the first live 
transactions by using relationships and 
capabilities that are unique to Bango.  
The first fruits of this development were 
made available to app stores as Bango 
Grid which was launched on 2 March 
2015. 

The strategic value of the Bango Payment 
Platform increases as more app stores 
and MNOs integrate with it. The platform 
provides a common point of integration 
between the wide range of MNO billing 
systems, alternative payment instruments 
(including credit cards, mobile wallets 
and tomorrow’s emergent technologies) 
and the giant digital content merchants, 
mainly app stores. For each app store or 
MNO, Bango offers a highly efficient 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CEO’s statement 06 

All major app stores that have chosen to deploy Direct Carrier 
Billing (DCB) have chosen to partner with Bango 

forecast growth in end user spend 
generating from current activations alone 
in the current financial year.   

With a stable cost-base and rapidly 
increasing end user spend, Bango 
continues to believe that it can become 
cash flow positive comfortably within the 
current capacity of the Bango Payment 
Platform. 

Ray Anderson 
CEO 

single route to reach multiple partners, 
without needing to build out integrations 
one-by-one.  

In addition, the Bango Payment Platform 
enables app stores and MNOs to sell 
more digital content, alongside the use of 
credit cards. Bango’s BillRank and cloud-
based identification and authentication 
technology BangoID ensure unrivalled 
precision across mobile platforms, 
authenticating users on a massive scale 
for frictionless, one-click payment. Bango 
has the ability to authenticate users even 
when they’re connected via Wi-Fi, outside 
the operator network. This is another 
unique element of the Bango Platform 
that works to maximize sales. 

Current trading 
We are pleased to announce that since 
the financial year end, Bango has 
activated payment routes with a number 
of MNOs, including O2 and Etisalat. 
These activations started delivering end 
user spend in 2015. 

Outlook 
Bango has made good progress this year 
in integrating app stores and 
subsequently activating them with 

multiple mobile operators. Data gathered 
by Bango over the last two years across 
multiple countries and app stores, 
indicates that revenue in the market for 
digital content that is purchased via app 
stores is growing at a steady and 
sustainable pace. 

Bango finished FY2014 with annualized 
end user spend generated from existing 
activations of £32.9m. Based on the data 
that Bango holds regarding the increase 
in end user spend from activations that 
were live as at 31 December 2014, 
Bango expects end user spend to 
increase by at least 100% to over £65m 
($101m) for FY2015. With February 
2015 annualized end user spend at 
£36.1m, Bango is confident in meeting 
this guidance. 

In addition to this growth from existing 
activations, Bango has more than 30 
activations already scheduled for launch 
in 2015 and a strong pipeline of over 
100 further activation opportunities for 
the remainder of 2015.  Taking account 
of the possible end user spend from 
these potential activations gives 
management a high level of confidence in 
the Groups’ ability to exceed the 100% 

Visit Bango Investor online:

bangoinvestor.com 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
07 CFO’s statement 

CFO’s statement 

End user spend for the year was £25.2m, up 62% from prior 
2013 spend of £15.6m  

End user spend 
End user spend is the most significant 
Key Performance Indicator (KPI) for 
Bango as it shows how much business is 
being transacted through the Bango 
Platform for the app stores. End user 
spend for the year was £25.2m, up 62% 
from prior 2013 spend of £15.6m. 
Furthermore, annualized end user spend 
at the end of 2014 was £32.9m 
demonstrating the rapid growth of the 
business. Bango has invested in a 
platform to process end user spend at 
scale. The growth in end user spend is an 
indicator that our strategy of connecting 
major app stores to MNOs, whilst in its 
infancy, is working. 

Bango now has sufficient data points to 
estimate end user spend once Bango has 
activated an app store with a MNO. From 
this data, Bango management is in a 
position to predict that the annualized 
rate of end user spend from the app store 
/ mobile operator activations that were 
live in December 2014 will double to  
approximately £65m by the end of 
December 2015.  

This estimate excludes end user spend 
generated from our new app store 
relationships with Samsung and Amazon 
as these have only been live for an initial 
few months and spending data is 
insufficient to provide reliable and 
verifiable predictions, and does not 
include end user spend arising from 
Bango’s pipeline of more than 30 
activations already scheduled for launch 
in 2015, nor from the pipeline of more 
than 100 further activations which are 

likely to be activated in 2015. (In 2014 
there were more than 30 activations). 

Turnover 
Bango generates turnover either as 
principal or agent. The turnover for the 
year ended 31 December 2014 was 
£5.1m. End user spend generated under 
the agency model, where Bango only 
recognizes the agency fee charged, was 
84% of all end user spend. 16% of end 
user spend was transacted with Bango as 
principal in the transaction - where the 
whole of the end user spend is 
recognized. This was a significant shift 
from the year ended 31 December 2013 
when 55% of end user spend was 
generated as agency, and 45% as 
principal. This accounts for the reduction 
in turnover from £8.8m in the previous 
year. The proportion of agency end user 
spend will vary with the volumes 
transacted by each app store.  

Turnover also includes £0.7m of platform 
fees (FY2013: £1.7m) which have 
decreased with the planned migration 
from one-off integration fees to recurring 
monthly fees to remove barriers to 
activations with the MNOs. Going 
forward, Bango expects platform fees to 
remain at a level that is broadly 
consistent with FY2014, further 
demonstrating that end user spend is the 
most significant KPI for the company. 

Overall margin on end user spend 
Gross margin on end user activity for the 
period was 2.4%, an improvement 
compared with FY2013 (FY2013: 2.3% 
see note 4 in the accounts). This is 

within Bango’s longer term target range 
of between 2% and 5% based on a mix 
of agency and principal models.  

Trading results from operations 
With the growth in end user spend and 
the small increase in margin generated 
from end user spend, the margin on end 
user spend increased 71% to £0.60m 
(FY2013: £0.35m). 

There was a 59% decrease in platform 
fees to £0.7m (FY2013: £1.7m). This 
reflects the change in the business model 
and corresponding revenue recognition 
away from up front activation fees to 
monthly transaction or support fees as 
previously announced.  

As a result, gross profit was £1.3m for 
the year compared to £2.1m for the 
FY2013.  

Administrative expenses  
Administrative expenses were stable at 
£5.0m (FY2013: £5.1m) confirming that 
the Bango cost base should not need to 
increase as end user spend grows. The 
operating loss for the year was £5.4m 
(FY2013: £4.9m). Amortization of 
intangible assets in the year was £0.8m 
(FY2013: £1.0m) as more of the 
previously capitalized R&D came into use 
during the period. FY2013 included an 
accelerated amortization charge of 
£0.3m not needed in FY2014. 
Depreciation for the year totalled £0.5m 
(FY2013: £0.4m).  

Share based payments costs of £0.4m in 
2014 (FY2013: £0.5m) are part of the 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CFO’s statement 08 

• 

Reduction in payables of £0.6m also 
caused by a shift to the agency 
business model 

Net capital expenditure outflows totalled 
£0.1m in the year (FY2013: £0.1m) and 
were largely attributable to acquisition of 
computing equipment. The addition of 
intangible assets totalled £0.9m 
(FY2013: £1.1m) and was attributable to 
the capitalization of internal development 
costs. These were part of a major 
hardware and software platform 
deployment in a new primary data center 
to upscale capacity, resilience and 
security. 

Bango’s cash balances included balances 
denominated in foreign currencies 
(primarily US Dollars and Euros).  

At 31 December 2014 Bango had cash 
balances of £6.3m (at 31 December 
2013: £5.1m) and total finance lease 
liabilities £0.6m (at 31 December 2013: 
£0.4m). 

Gerry Tucker 
CFO 

compensation package Bango uses to 
attract and retain key employees. 

£2.0m) reflecting the rapid growth in 
agency based end user spend. 

Bango reported a net loss before tax for 
the year of £5.4m (FY2013: £4.9m). The 
loss after tax totalled £5.1m for the year 
compared with £4.7m for the previous 
year.  

Taxation 
The tax credit for the year was £0.2m 
(FY2013: £0.2m) and relates to R&D tax 
credits receivable. 

At the year-end Bango had not recognized 
a deferred tax asset in the balance sheet 
of £4.8m (FY2013: £3.1m), due to the 
unpredictability of future taxable trading 
profits against which the losses may be 
utilized. 

Loss per share 
Basic and diluted loss per share was 
10.96 pence (FY2013: 10.53 pence).  

Balance sheet 
Net assets of the Group were £9.8m at 
31 December 2014 (at 31 December 
2013: £8.9m). 

Cash balances increased to £6.3m at 31 
December 2014 (at 31 December 2013: 
£5.1m). 

Intangible assets increased to £3.5m (at 
31 December 2013: £3.4m) as a result 
of on-going internal development work 
being capitalized. 

Trade receivables are significantly down 
to £1.1m (at 31 December 2013: 

Current liabilities as at 31 December 
2014 were £1.8m (at 31 December 
2013: £2.2m). Total borrowings are 
£0.6m (at 31 December 2013: £0.4m), 
and consist only of finance lease 
liabilities. Of the total borrowings, £0.3m 
is classed as current (at 31 December 
2013: £0.1m) and £0.3m is classed as 
non-current (at 31 December 2013: 
£0.3m). 

Raising of additional capital 
In October 2014, Bango raised £6.0m 
before expenses in an oversubscribed 
placing and open offer of 6,250,000 new 
ordinary shares at a price of 96p, with 
both new and existing institutional 
investors. The funding has provided 
support for Bango’s strategy of being 
positioned to take advantage of 
developing opportunities in emerging 
markets and further business 
development with major MNOs. It also 
provided valuable comfort to customers 
like Samsung of Bango's long term 
support from shareholders. 

Cash flow 
Cash used by operating activities was 
£3.2m (FY2013: £2.6m).  

Bango managed significant working 
capital improvements during 2015 
including: 

• 

Reductions in receivables of £0.9m, 
driven by the shift to the agency 
business model 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
09 Strategic report  

Strategic report 

Principal activities, business review 
and future developments 
The principal activity of Bango during the 
year was the development, marketing and 
sale of technology to enable mobile phone 
users to easily make payments for digital 
content and media on smartphones and 
tablets. 

The principal activity of Bango PLC during 
the year was as investment holding 
company for Bango.net Limited and other 
subsidiaries. The Bango Group includes 
Bango.net Limited, Bango Inc, Bango 
Movil, Bango do Brasil Cessão de Licenças 
de Programas de Computador Ltda, Bango 
SP Limited and Bango Employee Benefits 
Limited.  

A review of the Group’s performance for 
the year ended 31 December 2014 and 
future developments is contained in the 
Chairman’s statement, CEO’s statement 
and the CFO’s statement on pages 4 to 8.  

Shown on the Statement of consolidated 
income is end user spend, a Key 
Performance measure. End user spend 
does not take into account the contractual 
arrangements in place but reports the total 
transaction value processed. More detail 
on end user spend is given on page 31. 

Strategy and business model  
The Bango strategy is to power the market 
leaders, delivering growth through 
supporting mobile billing transactions to a 
global market of leading app stores and 
independent digital merchants. Bango 
delivers this strategy through integrating 
into app stores and mobile operators 
around the world.  

Our budgets and going concern reviews 
are based on a revenue model that looks at 
end user spend through the Bango 

Payment Platform and Bango Platform 
service fees. The Bango Platform service 
fees come from integration and 
development work, which then result in 
further growth to the end user spend 
margin. Details of the margin from the two 
revenue streams are shown in note 4. We 
have invested in the platform to make it 
highly scalable, as proven by the capacity 
which can handle 20 times current loads, 
to facilitate the growth from end user 
spend expected in the year.  

Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) 
KPI’s are used to control and measure 
financial and operational performance. 
They are reviewed to ensure that plans are 
achieved and corrective action taken 
where necessary.  

The financial KPI’s are end user spends, 
end user spends margin, gross profit, net 
profit and cash balances. 

The non-financial KPI’s are relationships 
with mobile operators and leading app 
stores.  

A review of product development, financial 
performance, strategy and outlook is 
contained in the CEO’s statement on pages 
4, 5 and 6, which includes further 
commentary on the above KPI’s. 

Principal risks and uncertainties 
The key business risks affecting the Group 
are set out below. 

Financial risk management 
objectives and policies 
Bango monitors the financial risks to which 
it is exposed through its business activities. 
Bango does not consider it necessary to 
use derivative financial instruments to 

hedge these risks. See notes 6, 18, 19, 20 
and 21 for further information. 

Liquidity risk 
Bango ensures sufficient liquidity is 
available to meet foreseeable needs and 
invests in cash assets safely and profitably. 
See note 20 for further information. 

Credit risk 
Credit risk arises from exposure to 
outstanding receivables. Potential new 
customers are assessed for credit risk 
before credit is given. See note 19 for 
further information. 

Currency risk 
Overseas currency sales are largely offset 
by costs in the same currency, therefore 
exposure to currency risk and impact on 
margin is considered relatively small. See 
note 21 for further information. The Group 
manages its foreign exchange exposure on 
a net basis. No forward exchange or other 
such financial instruments have been used 
in the year. 

Technology risk 
The Group’s revenue is dependent on its 
technology keeping pace with 
developments in mobile phone technology, 
including volumes of data and growth in 
applications. The Group manages this risk 
by a commitment to research and 
development, combined with ongoing 
dialogue with trading partners and sector 
specialists to ensure that market 
developments are understood.  

Payment providers 
The current business model is dependent 
on payment providers. These are therefore 
key trading relationships to the Group, and 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 10 

identify as male and 6 key senior 
managers of which 3 identify as female 
and none as transgender.  

The strategic report was approved by the 
Board of Directors, and signed on its 
behalf by: 

Ray Anderson 

CEO 

Bango’s turnover from the end user is 
subject to influence by the payment 
providers. The Group manages risk 
through regular dialogue and investment in 
relationships with, payment providers and 
digital merchants. The Group manages 
payment risk by undertaking regular credit 
risk analysis using third parties, combined 
with other sources of market intelligence 
and monitoring of payment performance.   

Employee retention 
Bango depends on its ability to recruit and 
retain people with the right experience and 
skills. Bango puts significant effort into 
providing an excellent working 
environment and benefits, including a 
share option scheme (notes 7 & 12).  

Geographical risk 
As the Group continues to expand, the 
Group has supported payment platforms in 
a large number of countries. Some of these 
include territories that may carry money 
laundering risks, other legal risks and/or 

sanctions. The Group monitors the 
situation in these territories at the project 
launch stage and after activation to ensure 
that these risks are appropriately mitigated.  

Personal data risk 
The Group processes personal data (some 
of which may be sensitive) as part of its 
business. There is a risk that such data 
could become public if there were a 
security breach in respect of such data. 
The Group could face liability under data 
protection laws and lose the goodwill of its 
customers. The extensive testing of the 
Bango system by Bango and its major 
customers as part of ongoing customer 
audits, and the unique way Bango 
technology is used gives assurance that 
this risk is appropriately mitigated.  

Gender of Directors and senior 
managers  
Bango has 3 Non-exec Directors who 
identify as male, 3 exec Directors who 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11 Progress report 

Progress report 

The Bango Payment Platform is vital to the global growth in digital content sales. The giants of mobile choose the Bango Payment 
Platform to provide a delightful and immediate payment experience that maximizes sales of digital content. 

The period January 2014 to December 2014 saw Bango streamline the product offering to focus on payment, while cementing its 
leadership position across its key industry sectors. Two new app stores integrations, with technology giants Amazon and Samsung, were 
launched, while Bango completed more than 30 new carrier billing activations taking the total number of activations to more than 140. 
The Bango Payment Platform is now the natural choice for app stores and mobile operators offering carrier billing, and Bango’s primary 
focus is on building end user spend by increasing the number and rate of mobile operator activations. 

Mobile Network Operators 

Bango made excellent progress 
integrating new Mobile Network 
Operators (MNOs) into the Bango 
Payment Platform and increasing the 
number of app store activations with 
existing MNOs.  

Bango was particularly pleased with the 
progress made in launching new Google 
Play integrations, where MNOs 
increasingly prefer Bango to integrate 
into the world’s fastest growing app 
store. Notable new markets included  

Bell and Telus in Canada, Etisalat in the 
UAE, Indosat in Indonesia and Telkom 
in South Africa, which became the first 

market in the African continent to offer 
carrier billing for Samsung. 

developing and developed world 
markets.  

A further trend is that some MNOs and 
larger MNO groups are now 
standardizing on the Bango Payment 
Platform, taking advantage of Bango’s 
single point of integration to the broad 
range of app stores. This has been the 
case with Deutsche Telekom and both 
Etisalat and du in the UAE. This trend 
enables Bango to launch several 
markets quickly and efficiently. 

Bango launched new integrations and 
activations across a wide range of 

There were many launches in 
strategically important growth markets 
including; Chile (Telefónica); Egypt 
(Mobinil); Indonesia (Indosat, 
Smartfren, Telkomsel, XL); Mexico 
(Iusacell, Telefónica); UAE (du) and; 
Saudi Arabia (Mobily, STC). 

Bango also made good progress in 
existing high smartphone penetration 
markets including; Canada (Bell, Telus); 
Germany (Telefónica) and USA (AT&T). 

Larger MNO groups are now standardizing 
on the Bango Payment Platform 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Progress report 12 

“This is a big win for Bango and one that has the potential to be 
quite impactful for both parties involved.”  

Jordan McKee, Yankee Group

App stores 

2014 saw Bango expand the payment 
service provided to existing app store 
partners, notably to Google Play, 
Windows Phone Store, BlackBerry World 
and Firefox Marketplace.  

Bango began 2014 with two Google Play 
activations and completed the year with 
seven, including launches in large, fast-
growing markets such as Indonesia and 
UAE, and established markets such as 
Canada, where Bango completed a 
“clean sweep”, by launching carrier 
billing for every Canadian mobile 
operator.   

Bango was proud to launch two entirely 
new app store integrations during 2014, 
with Amazon and Samsung, taking the 
total number of app stores powered by 
the Bango Payment Platform from four 
to six. 

In September 2014 Amazon and 
Telefónica Deutschland announced 
Amazon’s first integration into the 
Bango Payment Platform, launching 
carrier billing services for Telefónica 

subscribers in Germany. This was the 
first launch in a broader planned rollout 
and represented the first time that 
Amazon, widely acknowledged to be 
masters of online commerce, had 
launched a new payment mechanism in 
more than a decade.  

In late October 2014 Bango announced 
a global agreement with Samsung, one 
of the world’s largest technology 
companies and the world’s leading 
smartphone manufacturer. Under the 
agreement Bango provide carrier billing, 
collection and settlement for digital 
content purchased through the Samsung 
GALAXY Apps app store. The agreement 
confirms Samsung’s desire to put 
frictionless one-click payment at the 
heart of their consumer experience, as 
they leverage their massive reach to 
grow digital content sales.  

Analyst firm Yankee Group 
acknowledged the significance of the 
Samsung partnership announcement. 
Senior Analyst Jordan McKee 
commented at the time: 

“This is a big win for Bango and one 
that has the potential to be quite 
impactful for both parties involved. 
Bango’s direct operator billing (DOB) 
solution streamlines bumps in the 
checkout process, enabling frictionless 
transactions and, inevitably, increased 
conversions. Moreover, DOB will play an 
instrumental role in helping Samsung 
expand its addressable market (by 
reaching those without payment cards, 
particularly in emerging markets) and in 
some instances, lead to larger basket 
sizes. 451 Research’s 2014 US 
Consumer Survey, September, shows 
that of those consumers that paid for a 
tablet or smartphone app in the last 
month, 1 in 10 chose to charge it 
directly to their phone bills”. 

This increased app store activity reflects 
the recognition amongst the world’s 
largest stores that carrier billing has 
become an essential component of 
today’s smartphone experience, as well 
as reflecting Bango’s expertise and 
leadership in the space.  

Wider applications for the Bango 
Payment Platform  

Bango continues to find innovative 
applications for the Bango Payment 
Platform, taking advantage of its 
massive reach and ability to power 
flexible and emerging billing models. 
Examples include the following: 

2014 saw Bango and MMIT release M-
Iflọ, a safe payment solution that 
enables online transactions for digital 
content. M-Iflọ navigates the complex 
mobile payment environment in Sub-
Saharan Africa and is tailored to the 
needs of the industry leaders in mobile 
content. The solution was launched 
with Mobipay in Kenya and Stanbic in 
Nigeria.  

In December 2014 Bango announced 
a strategic partnership with 

CardMobili, the leading provider of 
digital wallet technologies. Bango and 
CardMobili will develop a series of 
innovative mobile commerce solutions 
that enable MNOs to leverage their 
large subscriber base and existing 
billing relationships to open up new 
revenue streams. This includes 
bringing carrier billing to the retail 
environment for the first time, and a 
unique new proposition that unites the 
digital app world with physical 
shopping. 

Finally, Bango is excited to have 
deepened its established partnership 
with BlackBerry, as they build on the 
success of BlackBerry Messenger 
(BBM), launching it across the major 
mobile platforms and introducing a 

variety of monetization models. 
Bango’s carrier billing technology is 
being deployed across a range of 
innovations being rolled out to BBM 
users, including sales of stickers, 
music, games and other virtual goods 
and an entirely new product area 
named BBM Money. This is a mobile 
wallet service that allows people to 
send money to their BBM Contacts, 
top up mobile airtime accounts, and 
pay bills.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13 Products | Business model | Key market developments  

Products

Bango Payment is the industry 
standard billing platform chosen by 
leading app stores. It enables billions 
of consumers around the world to pay 
for apps, digital media, content and 
services, both from within the app store 
and in-app, simply with a single click. 
The charge is directly added to the 
customer’s mobile phone bill, credit 
card or other chosen payment 
instrument. 

Bango integrates once with a mobile 
operator, immediately making each pre-
integrated app store available to 
activate – quickly and more cost 
effectively than going direct. 

Bango Payment is the only platform 
directly integrated and able to offer 
stores including Samsung; Google; 
Amazon; BlackBerry; Mozilla and 
Microsoft.  

Bango is the sole supplier for Amazon, 
Samsung, Mozilla and BlackBerry, 
delivering consistent carrier billing to 
the top three Android app stores. 

Bango has more than 140 carrier billing 
activations, across 6 major app stores, 
in over 60 countries. These all use high 
quality direct integrations. Legacy 
Premium SMS technology and third 
party intermediaries are not used. 

Bango architecture delivers significant 
benefits over individual, direct 
integrations between app stores and 
mobile operators. Using shared 
integrations means each app store and 
mobile operator plugs into a live, pre-
tested platform already proven with 

millions of transactions. This 
dramatically reduces risk, lowers costs 
and improves time to market. 

Advanced caching optimizes 
performance by minimizing network 
round-trip times and ensuring 
consumers get the best payment 
experience. 

Bango Payment optionally manages tax, 
money flow, merchant of record and 
settlement complexities, large-scale 
developer on-boarding and mass out 
payment of earnings as required by each 
app store partner. These capabilities are 
managed programmatically by the 
platform to ensure delivery at the scale 
demanded by global app stores. 

Bango Payment Flow technology gives 
app stores the option of Bango hosting 
their customer payment experiences 
using state of the art HTML5 web 
standards, developed in partnership 
with Mozilla. This renders device 
specific payment experiences using the 
correct language and currency, 
automatically accounting for local 
financial regulations. 

Bango Grid is a definitive resource for 
carrier billed payments, giving app 
stores a methodology for researching, 
planning and launching carrier billing 
worldwide, with instant online access to 
mobile operator capabilities and market 
data. 

It enables delivery of the next 200 
mobile operators without adding 200 
times the effort, time or cost. 

Bango Dashboard gives mobile 
operators and app stores a unique view 
of all payments, products sold and 
people purchasing them.  

It enables operators to: manage their 
billing systems; accurately measure the 
comparative success of each app store; 
understand app trends and popularity 
for growing marketing, advertising or 
developer relationship opportunities 
and; build engagements with 
subscribers through precise 
understanding of purchase behavior. 

App stores can: measure and optimize 
their end user spend across each mobile 
operator and country and; understand 
app and in-app purchase trends. 

Bango uniquely raises payment 
standards across the industry by alerting 
mobile operators and app stores if sales 
fall below standard, or when failures or 
errors rise above the industry baseline. 
This anonymized market guidance is 
only possible through billing 
performance analysis across multiple 
mobile operators and app stores. 

Bango Platform Operations work with 
each app store and mobile operator to 
monitor, analyze and optimize all 
transactions across the complete end-
to-end systems and network connections 
– 24x7x365. Bango helps eliminate the 
risk of downtime, payment failure and 
customer care overheads, improving 
performance and ultimately increasing 
sales success and volume. 

Business model 

The Bango Payment Platform and 
Bango Payment Flow enable major app 
stores to sell digital goods and services 
to end users using mobile carrier billing 
and other payment mechanisms. 

Bango earns a margin for processing 
each payment, usually between 2% and 
5% based on transaction volumes and 
complexity. Currency conversion fees 
and out-payment bank charges may 

apply. Bango pays the remaining money 
to the app store or merchant according 
to an agreed schedule.  

Optionally, an app store may ask Bango 
to manage and pay earnings to their 
individual developers, as undertaken for 
BlackBerry World and Mozilla Firefox 
Marketplace. In this model a developer 
typically receives 70% of the price paid 
and the remaining percentage is paid to 

the app store once Bango processing 
fees have been deducted. 

Standard Bango Dashboard products 
and Bango Platform Operations 
services are included as part of the 
Bango offer to mobile operators and app 
stores. This grows the market, 
maximizes payment conversions and 
ensures ongoing visibility for the 
success gained across Bango products.

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Products | Business model | Key market developments 14 

Key market developments 

Smartphone shipments reached 1.2 
billion units in 2014, compared to 927 
million in 2012, an increase of over 
26%. IDC forecasts that 1.4 billion 
smartphones will ship during 2015, 
reaching 1.9 billion worldwide in 2018. 

2014 developments include: 

•  Android continued to outpace all 
other mobile platforms, with over 
one billion devices shipped, 
accounting for 84.4% of 
smartphones during Q3 (81.2% in 
2013).  

In comparison iOS accounted for 
11.7% (12.8% in 2013), with 
Microsoft Windows Phone shipping 
2.9% (3.6% in Q3 2013).  
•  Samsung remained the top 

smartphone manufacturer with a 
28% market share, shipping 
326.4 million units an 8.4% 
annual growth (32.5% with 311.4 
million units in 2013).  

Apple followed with 16.4% 
(16.6% in 2013) with 191.3 
million units. With highest sales in 
Q4 following the launch of a larger 
screen iPhone 6 and 6 Plus, 
allowing them to compete in the 
previously Android dominated big 
screen segment. 

Lenovo acquired Motorola to 
become the largest Chinese 
smartphone vendor and third 
largest vendor worldwide with 
7.9% (4.7% in 2013) and 90 
million units.  

LG was fourth with 6% (4.8% in 
2013) and 70 million units. 

Huawei at 5.9% (5.3% in 2013) 
shipped 70 million units.  

Xiaomi was new at sixth place with 
5.2% market share and an annual 
shipment growth exceeding 200% 
with 60 million units.  

Coolpad, Sony, ZTE and TCL 
made up the rest of the 2014 top 
10. 

•  The top ten countries, ranked by 

smartphone use were, China, USA, 
India, Japan, Russia, Brazil, 
Indonesia, Germany, UK and 
South Korea. 

•  Chinese manufacturers shipped 
453.4 million units worldwide. 

•  Mozilla continued to innovate with 
Firefox OS and an increasing 
number of affordable smartphones 
were launched worldwide.  

•  Startup mobile ecosystems Jolla 

Sailfish, Ubuntu Phone, Cyanogen 
and Tizen failed to do anything 
notable during 2014 

•  Tablet sales slowed, with 4.4% 
growth in 2014 and a total of 
229.6 million units shipped. An 
8% growth is forecast for 2015, 
with sales reaching 233 million 
units. 

•  The decline in PC sales slowed in 
2014. According to IDC, laptop, 
desktop and hybrid PC sales 
dipped by an estimated 2.1% 
globally, to 309 million units, 
compared to a 10.0% decline in 
2013. 

•  2014 saw growth in the smart 

watch market, with new Android 
products launching from Motorola 
(Moto360), LG (G Watch R), Sony 
and Samsung. Apple announced a 
watch would launch in 2015. 

•  Microsoft finalized the acquisition 

of the Nokia mobile phone 
business and launched new Lumia 
phones. They now seek to unify 
desktop, tablet, gaming and 
smartphone platforms during 
2015 with the launch of Windows 
10. 

•  Apple launched their mobile wallet 
– Apple Pay, using standard NFC 
terminal technology to bring 
secure card-less payment to the 
US market. 

• 

In app payments continued to 
dominate across all app stores, 
with in-app currencies, such as 
Clash of Clans Gems, selling well 
at $4.99, $9.99 and $19.99 
prices. 

•  Worldwide downloads from Google 

Play were 60% higher than 
Apple’s App Store. 

•  Three mobile games grossed more 
than $1bn in 2014: Candy Crush 
Saga at $1bn, Puzzle & Dragons at 
$1.5bn and Clash of Clans at a 
startling $1.8bn 

•  Operators continued to invest in 
data to support higher resolution 
media generated by the latest 
iPhone and GALAXY phones, 
combined with growth in streaming 
media services. Ericsson reported 
a 60% increase in mobile data 
between Q3 2013 and Q3 2014. 

• 

In many markets, including 
Indonesia, Taiwan and the USA, 
Premium SMS was regulated out 
of contention for mobile payments. 

Sources include TrendForce, IDC, Gartner, GfK 
Target Setter, WSJ, Guardian and eMarketer. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15 Directors  

Directors  

Home 

Top chart  

New releases 

Ray Anderson, CEO

Install

Ray has over 30 years experience in starting, growing and selling businesses. He was 
named ‘Business Person of the Year’ in 2012. Ray co-founded Bango in 1999 after 
realizing that the convergence of the internet with the ubiquity of mobile phones could 
open up huge opportunities for content and service providers. Prior to Bango Ray 
established IXI which created the industry standard network GUI - X.desktop. IXI was an 
early leader in the creation of the web. It sponsored the first ever WWW conference at 
CERN and shipped the world’s first commercial web browser. 

Anil Malhotra, CMO

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Anil is responsible for Bango’s marketing activities and strategic alliances with major 
partners, including device makers, app store providers and global network operators. Anil 
has extensive experience of creating successful partnerships between technology 
innovators and major market players in online technologies and OEMs. Before co-founding 
Bango, Anil developed the major partnerships for Cyberlife Technology, one of Europe’s 
leading computer games technology developers, which resulted in the licensing of the 
company’s ‘artificial life’ technology by the world’s leading games publishers including 
Warner and Hasbro. Before that he worked with Bango CEO Ray Anderson to establish a 
technology called X.desktop, which became the global standard for the user interface 
software on networked computers.  

Gerry Tucker, CFO

Install

Gerry is an experienced finance leader and Chartered Accountant, with an extensive 
computer games industry background and public company experience. He has 
considerable experience in mergers and acquisitions, finance regulation, financial 
modelling and growth businesses, having taken a firm from start-up to £300 million in 
5 years. Gerry was shortlisted for ‘Financial Director of the Year’ at the Grant Thornton 
Quoted Company Awards 2014. He has worked with several trading, software and 
games companies. Previous senior financial and operational positions include CFO of 
PLUS Markets Group and other high-level positions at Kuju Entertainment, Activision, 
Vodafone Ireland and Deloitte.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
             
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Directors 16 

David Sear, Chairman, Non-executive Director

Install

David Sear is Group Chief Executive at Skrill, having joined the company in August 
2014. David came to Skrill from Weve, the joint venture between EE, Telefonica UK 
(O2) and Vodafone UK, where he was Chief Executive. David has extensive experience 
in the payments industry, and previously spent six years at Travelex, the world’s largest 
non-bank payments provider, as Divisional Managing Director of Global Business 
Payments – and prior to that as Divisional Managing Director of Outsourcing. Before 
joining Travelex, he spent three years as Commercial and Scheme Managing Director at 
Voca, and was a founding member of WorldPay. 

Martin Rigby, Non-executive Director 

Install

Martin Rigby is co-founder and CEO of Psonar, the internet music service. He is also 
founder and a managing director of ET Capital, an early investor in Bango. He has been 
investing in innovative technology businesses for over 25 years, principally in network 
services, software and hardware. He is Non-executive Chairman of FSE Fund Managers 
and an advisory board member of the Bettany Centre for Entrepreneurship at Cranfield 
University. 

Rudy Burger, Non-executive Director 

Install

Rudy has founded five companies in the digital media technologies sector and is currently 
the Managing Partner of Woodside Capital, an investment bank for emerging growth 
companies. Rudy serves on the boards of several US and European companies. He has a 
BSc and MSc from Yale University and a PhD from Cambridge University.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
17 Company information  

Company information  

Company registration number 

05386079 

Registered office 

5 Westbrook Centre 
Cambridge 
CB4 1YG 
Tel:  +44 1223 472 777 

Directors 

D Sear - Non-executive Chairman 

R Anderson - CEO 

A Malhotra - CMO 

G Tucker – CFO  

M Rigby – Non-executive Director  

R Burger – Non-executive Director  

Company Secretary 

H Goldstein 

HSBC Bank PLC 
Vitrum 
St Johns' Innovation Park 
Cambridge 
CB4 0DS 

Mills & Reeve LLP 
Botanic House, 100 Hills Road 
Cambridge 
CB2 1PH 

Grant Thornton UK LLP 
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors 
101 Cambridge Science Park 
Milton Road 
Cambridge 
CB4 0FY 

Cenkos Securities Ltd 
6.7.8 Tokenhouse Yard 
London 
EC2R 7AS 

FTI Consulting  
200 Aldersgate 
Aldersgate Street 
London 
EC1A 4HD 

330 Madison Avenue 
6th Floor 
New York, NY 10017 
Tel:  +1 866 528 6897 

www.bango.com 
investors@bango.com 

Bankers 

Solicitors 

Independent auditor 

Nominated adviser and broker 

Public relations advisor 

US office 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report 18 

Directors’ report 

The Directors present the Annual report and audited financial 
statements of Bango PLC for the year ended 31 December 2014. 

The Directors and their interests 
The Directors who served Bango during the year, together with their 
beneficial interests in the shares of Bango were as follows: 

D Sear 
R Anderson 
A Malhotra 
M Rigby  
G Tucker 
R Burger 

Ordinary shares
of 20p each
31 Dec 2014
-
6,624,036
4,006,815
14,067
11,933
-
=====================

Ordinary shares
 of 20p each
31 Dec 2013
-
6,624,036
4,022,000
14,067
8,231
-
=====================

The Directors’ interests in share options of Bango were as follows: 
Options to buy ordinary shares of 20p each

Date of grant 

G Tucker 
22 October 2014 
01 April 2014 
4 October 2013 
26 March 2013 
Total 
D Sear 
7 February 2011 

Option 
price 

31 Dec   
2014 

31 Dec
2013 

£1.010 
£1.360 
£1.260 
£2.325 

32,500 
32,500 
32,500 
132,500 
230,000 

- 
- 
32,500 
132,500 
165,000 

£1.530 

100,000 

100,000 

The share options were granted at market price and vest over a three 
year period in twelve equal quarterly instalments. Vested options will 
lapse unless exercised within ten years of the date of grant. 

Share capital 
Details of changes in the share capital of the Group during the year 
are given in note 7 to the financial statements.  

Health and safety policies 
The Group is committed to conducting its business in a manner 
which ensures high standards of health and safety for its employees, 
visitors and the general public. It complies with all regulatory and 
other applicable requirements. 

Going concern 
The Group had cash of £6.3m at 31 December 2014 (31 December 
2013: £5.1m) and financing debt of £0.6m (31 December 2013: 
£0.4m). Significant investment in technology development continues 
to be made. Bango raised £5.6m net of expenses during 2014. 
Based on the new monies raised the Group has sufficient cash 
funding in place to be able to support its investment for future 
growth. The cash flow forecasts of Bango anticipate increased cash 
generation from trading operations as a result of our new deals with 
app stores in the year and our strong pipeline of integrations in 
progress. Therefore the Directors have a reasonable expectation that 
there are adequate resources to continue its operational existence 
for the foreseeable future. For this reason they continue to adopt the 
going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.  

Substantial shareholdings 
At 6 March 2015 Bango PLC had been informed of the following 
interests in addition to the interests of R Anderson and A Malhotra, 
amounting to 3% or more in the issued ordinary share capital of the 
company: 

Liontrust Asset Management
Herald Investment Management 
Schroders Investment Management 
Inflection Point Investments LLP
Wellington Management Company 
Hargreave Hale

Number
8,785,198
7,525,712
3,428,001
3,074,639
2,242,785
2,127,489

%
16.90
14.47
6.59
5.91
4.31
4.09

Directors’ responsibility 
The following statement, which should be read in conjunction with 
both reports of the auditor set out on pages 22 and 45, is made in 
order to distinguish for shareholders the respective responsibilities of 
the Directors and of the auditor in relation to the financial 
statements. 

Dividends 
The Directors have not recommended a dividend (31 December 
2013: £nil). 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the strategic report, 
annual report and the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Post balance sheet events 
There are no post balance sheet events to disclose.  

Directors’ indemnity arrangements 
The Group has purchased and maintained throughout the year 
Directors’ and Officers’ liability insurance in respect of itself and its 
Directors. 

Employment policies 
The Group is committed to following the applicable employment laws 
in each territory in which it operates. The Group is committed to fair 
employment practices including the prohibition of all forms of 
discrimination and attempts as far as possible to give equal access 
and fair treatment to all employees on the basis of merit. Wherever 
possible we provide the same opportunities for disabled people as for 
others. If employees become disabled we would make reasonable 
effort to keep them in our employment, with appropriate training 
where necessary.     

The Group supports the training needs of its staff and actively works 
to provide on the job and external training to continue the 
development of all staff. It is important to the Group to maintain an 
exciting and interesting working environment to fully engage its staff. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements 
for each financial year. Under that law the Directors have to prepare 
the Group financial statements in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union 
(IFRSs) and have elected to prepare separate parent company 
financial statements under United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and 
applicable laws). Under Company Law the Directors must not 
approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they 
give a true and fair view of the state of affairs and profit or loss of the 
Company and the Group for that period. In preparing these financial 
statements, the Directors are required to: 

• 

Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 
consistently. 

•  Make judgements and accounting estimates that are 

reasonable and prudent. 

• 

State whether applicable IFRSs and UK Accounting 
Standards have been followed subject to any material 
departures disclosed and explained in the financial 
statements. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19 Directors’ report  

Directors’ report 

• 

Prepare the financial statements on the going concern 
basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the 
company will continue in business.  

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the Group’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time 
the financial position of the Group and enable them to ensure that 
the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. 
They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the 
company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the 
prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors confirm that: 

• 

• 

In so far as each Director is aware there is no relevant 
audit information of which the Company’s auditors are 
unaware. 

The Directors have taken all steps that they ought to 
have taken as Directors in order to make themselves 
aware of any relevant audit information and to establish 
that the auditor is aware of that information. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of 
the corporate and financial information included on the Group's 
website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the 
preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ 
from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Auditor 
A resolution to re-appoint Grant Thornton UK LLP as auditor for 
the ensuing year will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting 
in accordance with section 489 of the Companies Act 2006. 

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD 

Company Secretary 
H Goldstein 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate governance statement 20 

Corporate governance statement 

The Board 
The Board is responsible for the overall management of the Group, 
its strategy and long-term objectives. The Board provides leadership 
to the Group, based on the best interests of shareholders.  

UK Corporate Governance Code 
We do not comply with the UK Corporate Governance Code. Instead 
we have reported on our Corporate Governance arrangements, 
including those aspects of the UK Corporate Governance Code we 
consider to be relevant to the Group and best practice.  

Board composition 
The Board of Bango PLC is made up of the independent Non-
Executive Chairman, CEO, CFO, CMO and two other Non-executive 
Directors. Details of the board’s experience and interests are shown 
on pages 15-16 which demonstrate the range of skills and insight 
that they bring to the Board. The Non-executive Directors are all 
deemed to be independent. All Directors are subject to election by 
the shareholders at the first Annual General Meeting following their 
appointment, and to re-election thereafter every three years.  

Board meetings 
The Board meets formally 11 times per year to discuss the strategy, 
direction and financial performance of the company. The board 
reviews a detailed management pack each month which enables 
them to fulfil all of their duties of stewardship. The Non-executive 
Directors attend all of the meetings.  

Audit committee 
The Audit Committee comprises the Chairman and all other Non-
executive Directors. 

The Committee’s main role and responsibilities are to: 

•  Monitor the integrity of the financial statements of Bango.  
• 
Review Bango’s internal financial controls and risk 
management systems. 

•  Make recommendations to the Board, for it to put to the 

shareholders for their approval in relation to the 
appointment of the external auditor and to approve the 
remuneration and terms of reference of the external 
auditor. 
Discussion of the nature, extent and timing of the external 
auditor’s procedures and discussion of the external 
auditor’s findings. 
Review and monitor the external auditor’s independence 
and objectivity and the effectiveness of the audit process. 
Develop and implement policy on the engagement of the 
external auditor to supply non-audit services. 
Report to the Board, identifying any matters in respect of 
which it considers that action or improvement is required. 
Ensure a formal channel is available for employees and 
other stakeholders to express any complaints in respect of 
financial accounting and reporting. 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Bango does not currently have an internal audit function, which the 
Board considers appropriate for a Group of Bango’s size. The 
Committee is scheduled to meet twice each year and at other times if 
necessary. The Audit Committee will review risk assessments and 
the need for an internal audit function on a periodic basis. 

Internal control procedures 
The Board is responsible for the Group’s system of internal controls 
and risk management, and for reviewing the effectiveness of these 
systems. These systems are designed to manage, rather than 
eliminate, the risk of failure to achieve business objectives.  

The key features of Bango’s internal controls are described below: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

A clearly defined organizational structure with appropriate 
delegation of authority. 
The approval by the Board of a one year budget, including 
monthly income statements, balance sheets and cash flow 
statements. The budget is prepared in conjunction with 
senior managers to ensure targets are feasible. 
The business plan is updated on a periodic basis to take 
into account the most recent forecasts. On a monthly 
basis, actual results are compared to the latest forecast 
and market expectations, and presented to the Board on a 
timely basis. 
Regular reviews by the Board and by the senior 
management team of key performance indicators. 
A limited number of senior management are able to sign 
checks and authorize payments. Payments are not 
permitted without an approved invoice. 
Reconciliations of key balance sheet accounts are 
performed and independently reviewed by the finance 
team. 
A disaster recovery plan and back-up system is 
documented and in place. 

The Board in conjunction with the Audit Committee keeps under 
review Bango’s internal control system on a periodic basis.  

Communications with shareholders 
The Board recognizes the importance of regular and effective 
communication with shareholders. The primary forms of 
communication are: 

• 

• 

• 

The annual and interim statutory financial reports and 
associated investor and analyst presentations and reports. 
Announcements relating to trading or business updates 
released to the London Stock Exchange. 
The Annual General Meeting provides shareholders with 
an opportunity to meet the Board of Directors and to ask 
questions relating to the business. 

Going concern 
After making enquiries, at the time of approving the financial 
statements, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the 
Company and the Group have adequate resources to continue in 
operational existence for the foreseeable future. The Directors expect 
the current level of investing activities to continue which are 
supported by the funding secured by the placement in October 
2014. Due to new customers signed in the year Bango expects to 
see a reduction in the net cash used by operating activities. Gross 
profit is expected to increase as a result of this activity with major 
new customers. For these reasons, the Directors continue to adopt 
the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements and to 
provide reasonable, but not absolute assurance against material 
misstatement or loss. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21 Remuneration Committee report  

Remuneration Committee report 

The Remuneration Committee comprises the Chairman and all other 
Non-executive Directors. 

The agreements can be terminated on twelve months’ notice in 
writing by either the Company or by the Executive Director. 

Non–executive Directors 
The remuneration of the Non-executive Directors is determined by 
the Executive Directors. Their appointments can be terminated on 
six months’ notice in writing by the Company. 

Directors’ emoluments 
Details of remuneration in respect of the Directors is provided in note 
13. 

The Committee’s main role and responsibilities are as follows: 

• 

• 

• 

To review, and determine on behalf of the Board, the 
specific remuneration and incentive packages for each of 
the Group’s Executive Directors. 

To review, and make recommendations to the Board in 
respect of, the design of remuneration structures and 
levels of pay and other incentives for employees of the 
Group, including share option awards and any 
adjustments to the terms of share ownership and share 
option schemes. 

To be responsible for reporting to the Group’s shareholders 
in relation to remuneration policies applicable to the 
Group’s Executive Directors. 

The Committee may invite the CEO and CFO to attend meetings of 
the Remuneration Committee. The CEO is consulted on proposals 
relating to the remuneration of the CFO and of other senior 
executives of the Group. The CEO is not involved in setting his own 
remuneration. 

The Committee may use remuneration consultants to advise it in 
setting remuneration structures and policies. The Committee is 
exclusively responsible for appointing such consultants and for 
setting their terms of reference. 

The Committee’s terms of reference are reviewed and approved by 
the Board. These are available for inspection at the Group’s 
registered office. 

Remuneration policy 
Bango’s policy on remuneration is to provide a package of benefits, 
including salary, performance-related bonuses and share options, 
which reward success and individual contributions to Bango’s overall 
performance appropriately, while avoiding paying more than is 
necessary for this purpose. In addition, the Remuneration Committee 
takes into account remuneration packages of comparable companies 
when making recommendations to the Board. 

Performance-related elements of remuneration are designed to align 
the interests of Executive Directors with those of shareholders and 
accordingly are set as a significant proportion of total remuneration. 

Share options 
Bango considers that active participation in a share option plan is an 
effective means of incentivizing and retaining high quality people. 
Directors and employees are eligible to participate in the scheme. 
Further details of the option plan and outstanding options as at 31 
December 2014 are given in note 7 to the financial statements. 

Service agreements 
The Executive Directors have service agreements with Bango.net Ltd. 
The agreements include restrictive covenants which apply during 
employment and for a period of twelve months after termination. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of Bango PLC 22 

Independent auditor’s report to the 
members of Bango PLC 

Other matter 
We have reported separately on the parent company financial 
statements of Bango PLC for the year ended 31 December 2014.  

Paul Naylor, Senior Statutory Auditor 
for and on behalf of Grant Thornton UK LLP 
Statutory Auditor, Chartered Accountants 
Cambridge 
9 March 2015 

We have audited the group financial statements of Bango PLC for the 
year ended 31 December 2014 which comprise the consolidated 
balance sheet, the consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income, the consolidated cash flow statement, the consolidated 
statement of changes in equity and the related notes. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is 
applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. 
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the 
company’s members those matters we are required to state to them 
in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to 
anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a 
body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have 
formed. 

Respective responsibilities of Directors and auditors 
As explained more fully in the Directors’ responsibilities statement 
set out on pages 18 and 19, the Directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the group financial statements and for being satisfied 
that they give a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to audit and 
express an opinion on the group financial statements in accordance 
with applicable law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and 
Ireland). Those standards require us to comply with the Auditing 
Practices Board’s (APB’s) Ethical Standards for Auditors. 

Scope of the audit of the financial statements 
A description of the scope of an audit of financial statements is 
provided on the Financial Reporting Council's website at 
www.frc.org.uk/auditscopeukprivate. 

Opinion on financial statements 
In our opinion the group financial statements: 
 

give a true and fair view of the state of the group's affairs as at 
31 December 2014 and of its loss for the year then ended;  
have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as 
adopted by the European Union; 
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of 
the Companies Act 2006 

 

 

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion the information given in the Strategic Report and 
Directors' report for the financial year for which the group financial 
statements are prepared is consistent with the group financial 
statements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following under the 
Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, in our 
opinion: 
 

certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law 
are not made; or 
we have not received all the information and explanations we 
require for our audit. 

 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23 Consolidated balance sheet  

Consolidated balance sheet 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Research and Development tax credits
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

EQUITY 
Capital and reserves attributable to equity holders of the parent company 
Share capital  
Share premium account 
Merger reserve 
Other reserve 
Accumulated losses 

Total equity 

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Finance lease liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
Finance lease liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Total equity and liabilities 

31 Dec 2014 

Note

£  

31 Dec 2013
£ 

5
5

6
6

7

8
9

9

777,254 
3,491,252 

709,632
3,377,872

--------------------------------- ----------------------------------

4,268,506 

4,087,504

1,109,816 
236,028 
6,253,487 
---------------------------------
7,599,331 
---------------------------------
11,867,837 
====================== ======================

1,988,687
189,904
5,110,366
---------------------------------
7,288,957
---------------------------------
11,376,461

10,399,463 
22,098,603 
1,236,225 
1,526,650 
(25,461,538) 

9,122,069
17,684,376
1,236,225
1,968,834
(21,149,056)

---------------------------------
9,799,403 

----------------------------------
8,862,448

====================== =======================

1,478,293 
296,817 

2,086,485
147,246

---------------------------------
1,775,110 

----------------------------------
2,233,731

293,324 

280,282

---------------------------------

----------------------------------

293,324 

280,282

2,068,434 

2,514,013

---------------------------------
11,867,837 
====================== =======================

----------------------------------
11,376,461

These financial statements were approved by the Directors on 9 March 2015 and are signed on their behalf by: 

R Anderson 
Director 

G Tucker 
Director 

Company registration number 05386079 

The notes on pages 27 to 44 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 24 

Consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income 

Note

31 Dec 2014 
£  

31 Dec 2013
£ 

Alternative performance measure (Non-IFRS) 
End user spend 

Turnover 
Attributable to digital merchants 

Cost of sales – payment providers 

Gross profit 

Other administrative expenses  
Share based payments  
Depreciation 
Amortization 

Total administrative expenses   

Operating loss 

Interest payable 
Investment income 

Loss before taxation 

Income tax 

Loss and total comprehensive loss for the financial year

Attributable to equity holders of the parent 

Loss per share attributable to the equity holders of the parent 
Basic loss per share 

Diluted loss per share 

All of the activities of the Group are classed as continuing. 

4

4
4

4

10
10
5
5

11
14

11

15

16

16

25,167,767 

15,551,220

5,093,952 
(2,703,363) 
-------------------------------- 
2,390,589 
(1,051,928) 
-------------------------------- 
1,338,661 

(5,017,665) 
(395,110) 
(542,882) 
(801,484) 
-------------------------------- 
(6,757,141) 
-------------------------------- 
(5,418,480) 

8,788,454
(5,082,905)
--------------------------------
3,705,549
(1,637,202)
--------------------------------
2,068,347

(5,086,996)
(474,958)
(408,030)
(1,032,341)
--------------------------------
(7,002,325)
--------------------------------
(4,933,978)

(24,116) 
26,610 
-------------------------------- 
(5,415,986) 

(31,304)
35,906
--------------------------------
(4,929,376)

266,210 
-------------------------------- 
(5,149,776) 

189,904
--------------------------------
(4,739,472)
======================  ======================
(4,739,472)
======================  ======================

(5,149,776) 

(10.96)p 

(10.53)p

(10.96)p 

(10.53)p

The notes on pages 27 to 44 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25 Consolidated cash flow statement 

Consolidated cash flow statement 

Note

31 Dec 2014 
£  

31 Dec 2013
£ 

Net cash used by operating activities

17

(3,177,167) 

(2,526,074)

Cash flows used by investing activities 
Purchases of property, plant and equipment 
Addition to intangible assets 
Interest received 

Net cash used by investing activities

Cash flows generated from financing activities 
Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares 
Costs associated with issuance of ordinary shares 
Interest payable 
Capital payable on finance lease obligations 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Exchange differences on cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

(108,980) 
(914,864) 
26,610 
-------------------------------- 
(997,234) 

(109,238)
(1,132,266)
35,906
--------------------------------
(1,205,598)

6,086,582 
(394,961) 
(24,116) 
(338,911) 
-------------------------------- 
5,328,594 

6,977,478
(359,713)
(31,304)
(81,189)
--------------------------------
6,505,272

-------------------------------- 
1,154,193 

--------------------------------
2,773,600

5,110,366 
(11,072) 
----------------------------- 
5,099,294 
----------------------------- 
6,253,487 

2,327,444
9,322
-----------------------------
2,336,766
-----------------------------
5,110,366
======================  ======================

The notes on pages 27 to 44 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 26 

Consolidated statement of changes  
in equity 

Group  

Share 
capital 

£ 

Share
premium
account
£

Merger
reserve

Other
reserve

Retained 
earnings 

Total

£

£

£  

£

Balance at 1 January 2013 
Share based payments 
Exercise of share options 
Issue of shares 
Transactions with owners 

8,346,604 
- 
125,465 
650,000 
775,465 

11,842,076
-
352,012
5,490,288
5,842,300

1,236,225
-
-
-
-

1,493,876
474,958
-
-
474,958

(16,409,584) 

-    
- 
- 
- 

6,509,197
474,958
477,477
6,140,288
7,092,723

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income 
for the year 
Balance at 31 December 2013 

Balance at 1 January 2014 
Share based payments 
Share based payments transfer 
for exercised share options 
Exercise of share options 
Issue of shares 
Transactions with owners 

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income 
for the year 
Balance at 31 December 2014 

- 

-

-

-

(4,739,472) 

(4,739,472)

- 
9,122,069 

-
17,684,376

-
1,236,225

-
1,968,834

(4,739,472) 
(21,149,056) 

(4,739,472)
8,862,448

9,122,069 
- 

17,684,376
-

1,236,225
-

1,968,834
395,110

(21,149,056) 

-    

8,862,448
395,110

- 
27,394 
1,250,000 
1,277,394 

- 
59,188
4,355,039
4,414,227

- 

-

- 
-
-
-

-

(837,294) 
-
-
(442,184)

837,294 
- 
- 
837,294 

- 
86,582
5,605,039
6,086,731

-

(5,149,776) 

(5,149,776)

- 
10,399,463 

-
22,098,603

-
1,236,225

-
1,526,650

(5,149,776) 
(25,461,538) 

(5,149,776)
9,799,403

The notes on pages 27 to 44 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

1 General information 
Bango PLC (“the Company”) was incorporated on 8 March 2005 in 
the United Kingdom. The Company is domiciled in the United 
Kingdom. The address of the registered office of the Company, 
which is also its principal place of business, is given on page 17. The 
Company’s shares are listed on the Alternative Investment Market of 
the London Stock Exchange ("AIM"). 

share for share exchange qualifies as a common control transaction 
and falls outside of the scope of IFRS 3, Business Combinations.  

No goodwill has been recorded and the difference between the 
parent company's cost of investment and Bango.net Limited's share 
capital and share premium is presented as a merger reserve within 
equity on consolidation.  

The financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2014 
(including the comparatives for the year ended 31 December 2013) 
were approved by the Board of Directors on 9 March 2015.  

2 Basis of preparation 
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the 
historical cost convention and under the basis of going concern.  

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial 
statements of the Company and all entities controlled by it after 
eliminating internal transactions. Control is achieved where the 
Group has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of 
a Group undertaking so as to obtain economic benefits from its 
activities. Subsidiary undertakings’ results are adjusted, where 
appropriate, to conform to group accounting policies. 

Bango has prepared its Report and accounts for the year ended 31 
December 2014, in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted in the European Union 
and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies 
Act 2006. IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting 
estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in 
the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas 
involving a high degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where 
assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated 
financial statements are disclosed in note 3.19. 

These financial statements are presented in pounds sterling (GBP) 
because that is the presentation currency of Bango. Every entity 
within the group has its own functional currency. The US subsidiary 
performs a sales and support function for services provided by 
Bango.net Limited. Due to the nature and set up of the US operation 
as a support center for the UK, the functional currency of Bango Inc 
has to date been considered to be sterling. Foreign operations are 
included in accordance with the policies set out in notes 3.15. 

For the purpose of the preparation of these consolidated financial 
statements, the Group has applied all standards and interpretations 
that are effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 
January 2014. There was no impact on the presentation of financial 
statements of Bango Plc other than in disclosure. No new standards, 
amendments or interpretations to existing standards that have been 
published and that are mandatory for the Group’s accounting 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2015, or later periods, have 
been adopted early. The Directors do not believe that the adoption of 
these standards and interpretations would have a material impact on 
the Group’s financial statements.     

The Group had cash of £6.3m at 31 December 2014 (31 December 
2013: £5.1m) and financing debt of £0.6m (31 December 2013: 
£0.4m). The cash flow forecasts of Bango anticipate increased cash 
generation from trading operations as a result of our new deals with 
app stores in the future. For this reason the going concern basis has 
continued to be adopted in the preparation of the financial 
statements. 

3 Principal accounting policies 
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these 
consolidated financial statements are set out below. As with the 
application of other accounting policies the presentation of revenue 
has remained consistent and aims to provide a detailed analysis of 
the income and expenditure flows associated with end user activity 
due to the significant judgement as to the role of Bango as principal 
or agent in providing content to end users.  

3.2 Property, plant and equipment 
Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less 
accumulated depreciation. Residual values and useful economic 
lives are assessed annually. Depreciation is provided to write off the 
cost of all property, plant and equipment to its residual value on a 
straight-line basis over its expected useful economic lives, which are 
as follows: 

Leasehold improvements               20% straight-line

Office equipment                           20% straight-line 

Computer equipment                    10% - 33.3% straight-line 

Property plant and equipment also include computer equipment 
held under finance leases.  

3.3 Intangible assets 
Intangible assets are measured initially at historical cost and are 
amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected useful economic 
lives: 

Domain names                             33.3% straight-line 

Internal development                    20% straight-line 

3.4 Research and development 
Expenditure on research activities is recognized as an expense in the 
period in which it is incurred. An internally-generated intangible 
asset arising from Bango's development activities is recognized only 
if all of the following conditions are met: 

• 

• 

• 
• 

• 

• 

Completion of the intangible asset is technically feasible so 
that it will be available for use or sale. 
Bango intends to complete the intangible asset and use or 
sell it. 
Bango has the ability to use or sell the intangible asset. 
The intangible asset will generate probable future 
economic benefits. Among other things, this requires that 
there is a market for the output from the intangible asset or 
for the intangible asset itself, or, if it is to be used 
internally, the asset will be used in generating such 
benefits. 
There are adequate technical, financial and other 
resources to complete the development and to use or sell 
the intangible asset. 
The expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during 
its development can be measured reliably. 

3.1 Basis of consolidation 
On 9 June 2005 Bango PLC acquired the entire issued share capital 
of Bango.net Limited by way of a share for share exchange. As the 
shareholders were the same before and after this transaction, the 

Internally-generated intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line 
basis over their useful economic lives. Where no internally-generated 
intangible asset can be recognized, development expenditure is 
recognized as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 28 

Notes to the financial statements

The cost of an internally generated intangible asset comprises all 
directly attributable costs necessary to create, produce and prepare 
the intangible asset to be capable of operating in the manner 
intended by management. Directly attributable costs comprise 
employee salary and other employment costs incurred, on a time 
apportioned basis, as well as a proportion of attributable overhead 
costs. These costs are recognized as intangible assets. Development 
costs previously recognized as an expense are not included in the 
amount recognized as an asset. Until completion of the project, 
these assets are subject to impairment testing only. Amortization 
commences upon completion of the asset, and is shown within 
administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income.   

available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits to 
the Group are assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets. 
However, deferred tax is not provided on the initial recognition of 
goodwill, nor on the initial recognition of an asset or liability unless  
the related transaction is a business combination or affects tax or 
accounting profit. Deferred tax on temporary differences associated 
with shares in subsidiaries and joint ventures is not provided if reversal 
of these temporary differences can be controlled by the Group and it 
is probable that reversal will not occur in the foreseeable future. In 
addition, tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other 
income tax credits to the Group are assessed for recognition as 
deferred tax assets.  

3.5 Impairment of property, plant and equipment and intangible 
assets 
At each balance sheet date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts 
of its property, plant and equipment and individual intangible assets 
for any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment 
loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the 
asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment 
loss, if any. The recoverable amount is the higher of the fair value 
less costs to sell and value in use. Until completion of the 
development project, when amortization can be charged on the 
intangible asset, the assets are subject to an annual impairment test. 

3.6 Loans and receivables 
a) Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and bank 
deposits available on demand, together with other short term highly 
liquid investments. 

b) Trade and other receivables 
Trade and other receivables are recognized initially at fair value and 
are measured subsequent to initial recognition at amortized cost 
using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment.  
Any change in their value through impairment or reversal of 
impairment is recognized in profit or loss. 

Provision against trade receivables is made when there is objective 
evidence that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due to 
it in accordance with the original terms of those receivables. The 
amount of the write-down is determined as the difference between 
the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated 
future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate. 

3.7 Trade and other payables 
Trade and other payables are initially measured at fair value, and are 
subsequently measured at amortized cost, using the effective 
interest rate method. 

3.8 Income taxes 
Current income tax liabilities comprise those obligations to fiscal 
authorities relating to the current or prior reporting period, that are 
unpaid at the balance sheet date. They are calculated according to 
the tax rates and tax laws applicable to the fiscal periods to which 
they relate, based on the taxable profit for the year. All changes to 
current tax assets or liabilities are recognized as a component of tax 
expense in the income statement, except where it relates to items 
recognized outside profit or loss. Tax relating to items recognized in 
other comprehensive income is recognized in other comprehensive 
income, and tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is 
recognized directly in equity. 

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on 
temporary differences. This involves the comparison of the carrying 
amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial 
statements with their respective tax bases. In addition, tax losses  

Deferred tax liabilities are always provided for in full. Deferred tax 
assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that the 
underlying deductible temporary differences will be able to be offset 
against future taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
calculated, without discounting, at tax rates that are expected to apply 
to their respective period of realization, provided they are enacted or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Deferred tax is recognized as a component of tax expense in the 
income statement, except where it relates to items charged or credited 
directly to other comprehensive income, when it is recognized in other 
comprehensive income. Deferred tax relating to items recognized 
directly in equity is recognized directly in equity. 

3.9 Operating lease agreements 
Rentals applicable to operating leases where the risks and rewards of 
ownership are not transferred are charged to profit or loss net of any 
incentives received from the lessor on a straight-line basis over the 
period of the lease. 

3.10 Finance lease agreements 
Assets held by the group under leases which transfer to the Group 
substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as 
finance leases. On initial recognition, the leased asset is measured at 
an amount equal to the lower of its fair value and the present value of 
minimum lease payments.  

Minimum lease payments made under finance leases are apportioned 
between the financial expense and the reduction of the outstanding 
liability. The finance expense is allocated to each period during the 
lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the 
remaining balance of the liability.  

3.11 Revenue recognition 
Revenue is measured by reference to the fair value of consideration 
receivable by Bango for services provided, excluding VAT. 

3.11.1 End user activity 
End user activity arises from the provision of mobile internet content to 
end users facilitated through mobile network operators and other 
payment providers. Some end users make a prepayment to Bango 
prior to accessing chargeable mobile internet content. 

Revenue is recognized as turnover at the time at which end users 
access chargeable mobile internet content. 

Where there has been no activity on an end user account for a period 
of 60 days, the balance remaining is released as turnover, in 
accordance with the end user terms and conditions.  

3.11.2 Judgements on end user activity 
When applying the revenue recognition policy consideration is given to 
whether Bango acts as principal or agent in providing content to the 
end user.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

The nature of Bango's business is that it facilitates a large volume 
of transactions in which content developed by a range of digital 
merchants is delivered to end users, payment for which is made 
via a number of potential payment routes. 

The assessment as to whether Bango is principal or agent in the 
supply of content to an end user is highly judgemental and in most 
cases, gives rise to mixed indicators under IAS 18. This is because 
the terms and conditions between the numerous transacting 
parties vary significantly, giving rise to many dissimilar 
configurations of risk and rewards attributable to Bango. 

Risks and rewards typically include, to varying degrees, digital 
merchant rate card price variance; payment provider refund risk; 
end user credit risk; foreign currency exposure and dormant 
balance returns. 

In view of the volume and variety of transactions in question, 
management disclose in the turnover figure a blend of end user 
activity as both agent and principal, depending on the substance 
of the underlying contracts. Where Bango is principal the gross 
value of the transaction is shown, with the associated amounts 
due to digital merchants and payment providers separately 
detailed. Under the agency relationships only the margin is 
reported in the turnover figure, therefore there are no associated 
costs displayed.  

Management do not consider accounting as either principal or 
agent for all transactions faithfully presents Bango's role in these 
transactions. Presentation simply as agent would not adequately 
communicate the exposure to the risks and rewards associated 
with all transactions. Conversely, if Bango presented itself as 
principal, this may overstate the risks and rewards to which Bango 
is exposed. If Bango were entirely principal, revenue would be 
turnover, if Bango were entirely agent, revenue would be the net 
amount. 

3.11.3 Platform fees 
Platform fees includes revenue from services provided to mobile 
phone operators and digital merchants and is recognized in the 
financial statements over the period of the contract in proportion to 
the element of the services provided at the balance sheet date. 

3.14 Share-based payment transactions 
Bango issues equity settled share-based compensation to certain 
employees (including Directors). Equity settled share based 
payments are measured at fair value at the date of grant. The fair 
value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-
based payment is expensed on a straight-line basis over the 
vesting period, together with a corresponding increase in equity, 
based upon the Bango’s estimate of the shares that will eventually 
vest. These estimates are subsequently revised if there is any 
indication that the number of options expected to vest differs from 
previous estimates. Any cumulative adjustment prior to vesting is 
recognized in the current period. No adjustment is made to any 
expense recognized in prior periods. 

Fair value is measured by an external valuer using the Black-
Scholes option pricing model. The expected life used in the model 
has been adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, for the 
effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioral 
considerations. No adjustment is made for performance conditions 
as these do not form a condition of the option agreement.  

If the terms of an equity-settled transaction were to be modified, 
as a minimum an expense is recognized as if the terms had not 
been modified. In addition, an expense would be recognized for 
any increase in the value of the transaction as a result of the 
modification, as measured by the date of modification, over the 
remaining vesting period. 

Where an equity-settled transaction is cancelled, it is treated as if 
it had vested on the due date of the cancellation, and any expense 
not yet recognized for the transaction is recognized immediately. 
However, if a new transaction is substituted for the cancelled 
transaction, and designated as a replacement transaction on the 
date that it is granted, the cancelled and new transactions are 
treated as if they were a modification of the original transaction, as 
described in the previous paragraph. Once exercised, the share 
based payment expense previously recognised is transferred from 
Other reserves to Retained earnings.  

Share-based payment transactions are shown separately in the 
statement of comprehensive income. Additional information is 
provided in note 7.    

Platform fees include revenue from service contracts and are 
recognized in the financial statements over the contract period. 

Platform fees also include revenue from the sale of access 
licences to digital merchants and are recognized evenly over the 
period of the contract since the services are provided evenly over 
this period. 

3.15 Foreign currencies 
Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated 
into sterling at the rates of exchange prevailing at the balance 
sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into 
sterling at the rate of exchange prevailing at the date of the 
transaction. Exchange gains and losses are included in the profit 
or loss for the period. 

3.12 End user spend  
In order to assist users of the financial statements, end user spend 
in the year is being reported. This is reported in the consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income, because end user spend is 
the key performance indicator that management use to monitor 
transactions. The end user spend represents the gross end user 
activity through the Bango system, excluding VAT and is the key 
measurement for transactions processed by Bango in a year.  

3.13 Employee benefits 
All accumulating employee-compensated absences that are 
unused at the balance sheet date are recognized as a liability. 

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are 
charged as an expense in the period to which they relate.   

3.16 Segment reporting 
In identifying Bango operating segments the chief operating 
decision maker reviews two service lines. These are the provision 
of a mobile payment platform allowing end users to purchase 
content, and the provision of services to digital merchants and 
other organisations. The turnover and margin generated from each 
of these segments is separately reported but where costs and 
assets are managed and utilized on a group basis, these are not 
allocated to a segment. 

3.17 Financial instruments 
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according 
to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An 
equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest 
in the assets of the entity after deducting all of its financial 
liabilities. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 

Notes to the financial statements 30 

Where the contractual obligations of financial instruments 
(including share capital) are equivalent to a similar debt 
instrument, those financial instruments are classed as financial 
liabilities. Financial liabilities are presented as such in the balance 
sheet. Finance costs and gains or losses relating to financial 
liabilities are included in profit or loss. Finance costs are 
calculated so as to produce a constant rate of return on the 
outstanding liability. 

Where the contractual terms of share capital do not have any 
terms meeting the definition of a financial liability then this is 
classed as an equity instrument.  

Dividends and distributions relating to equity instruments are 
debited direct to equity. Interest income and expenses are 
reported on an accrual basis using the effective interest method. 

3.18  Share capital and reserves 

Share capital 
Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Equity instruments issued 
by Bango Plc are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct 
issue costs. 

Share premium 
Share premium represents the excess over nominal value of the 
fair value of consideration received for equity shares, net of 
expenses of the share issue. 

Merger reserve 
The merger reserve represents the difference between the parent 
company's cost of investment and a subsidiary’s share capital and 
share premium where a group reorganisation qualifies as a 
common control transaction. 

Other reserve 
The other reserve represents equity-settled share-based employee 
remuneration recognized over the vesting period. 

Retained earnings 
Retained earnings include all current and prior period retained 
profits. 

3.19 Significant accounting estimates and judgements 

Revenue recognition 
As discussed in policy note 3.11 there are a number of key 
judgements taken by management in determining the most 
appropriate presentation of revenues generated from services to 
end users. Income has been reported gross with the separate 
disclosure of amounts attributable to digital merchants. As set out 
in 3.11.2, due to the variety and complexity of transactions, 
presentation of revenue as simply principal or agent does not 
adequately communicate the role of Bango in the transactions.     

Deferred tax 
A deferred tax asset is recognized where Bango considers it 
probable that a tax credit will be received in the future. This 
specifically applies to tax losses and to outstanding vested share 
options at the balance sheet date. No deferred tax asset is 
currently being recognized due to the unpredictability of future 
taxable trading profits from which these differences may be 
deducted (note 15). 

Finance leases  
Judgement is applied when considering the substance of a lease 
agreement and whether it should be recognised as either a 
finance lease or an operating lease. Management use the following 
criteria in reviewing the contract to determine the classification; 
rights to the asset at the end of the lease term, the present value 

of the minimum lease payments in relation to the asset’s fair value, 
length of the lease term in relation to the useful economic life of 
the asset and the obligations to insure and maintain the asset. 
During the year the group entered into a computer equipment  
lease that it has deemed to be a finance lease based on the 
assessment of the key criteria. The carrying value of finance leases 
is £590,141 (2013: £427,528).  

Development costs 
Judgement is applied when deciding whether the recognition 
requirements for development costs have been met. Judgements 
are based on the information available at each balance sheet date.  
Economic success of any product development is uncertain at the 
time of recognition as it may be subject to future technical 
problems and therefore impairment reviews are completed by 
project each balance sheet date. The carrying value of capitalized 
development costs is £3,491,252 (2013: £3,377,872). 

No impairment is recognized based on current estimates of future 
revenue streams expected to be derived from the development 
work that has been capitalized. Development costs had been 
derecognized in the prior year relating to a specific project 
because no future economic benefits were expected from its use 
beyond 2014.  

3.20 Standards and interpretations not yet applied by the      
Group 

The following new Standards and Interpretations, which are yet to 
become mandatory, have not been applied in the Bango’s 
financial statements. 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (IASB effective date 1 January 
2018). 

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (effective 1 
January 2017). 

Clarification of Acceptable Methods of Depreciation and 
Amortisation – amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 38 (IASV effective 
date 1 January 2016). 

Amendments to IAS 27 Equity Method in Separate Financial 
Statements (effective 1 January 2016). 

All standards and interpretations are not expected to have any 
significant impact on the financial statements when applied, 
except for additional disclosures when the relevant standard 
comes into effect.  

3.21 Related party transactions 
Bango’s related parties include its Directors and key management 
personnel. Unless otherwise stated, none of the transactions 
incorporate special terms and conditions and no guarantees were 
given or received. Outstanding balances are usually settled in 
cash.  

The only transactions with Directors are noted in the Directors 
remuneration note in the accounts, see note 13. There was 
minimal trading in the year with Psonar Ltd whose board includes 
some of the Directors of Bango PLC.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

4  Segment reporting 

(a) End user spend 
Bango has identified end user spend as a non IFRS alternative performance measure as its key performance indicator on which all 
management decisions surrounding investment in the platform and development of intangible assets are based. Due to the complex contracts 
in place the turnover figure in the accounts is a mixture of gross transaction value where Bango is principal and margin only where Bango is 
the agent. This is to comply with relevant accounting rules, however, the key business decisions are based on the total value and volume of 
transactions that Bango has processed in each month through its payment platform. Therefore, to give additional information to key 
stakeholders of our accounts, we have included this additional reporting in order to assist users of our financial statements.  

End user spend 

Analyzed as agency 
Analyzed as principal 

Analyzed as agency 
Analyzed as principal 

31 Dec 2014 

31 Dec 2013 

£     

£     

25,167,767

15,551,220 

=====================

===================== 

21,127,273
4,040,494

8,553,171 
6,998,049 

84%
16%

55% 
45% 

(b) Turnover and gross profit 
Bango, based on the information reviewed by the chief operating decision maker, identifies two operating segments. Management reporting is 
based principally on the type of customer and strategic decisions are made on the basis of the gross profit generated from each segment. The 
segments are not separately managed and therefore Bango’s headquarters and its research and development activity are considered group 
operations and are not allocated to any operating segment. Segment information can be analyzed as follows for the reporting periods under 
review.   

End user
activity

Platform
fees

Group

Total 

£

£

£

£ 

4,358,107
(2,703,363)
(1,051,928)
-------------------------------
602,816
-------------------------------
-
-
-
-
-
-
-------------------------------
602,816

5,093,952 
(2,703,363) 
(1,051,928) 
------------------------------- 
1,338,661 
------------------------------- 
(5,017,665) 
(395,110) 
(542,882) 
(801,484) 
(24,116) 
26,610 
------------------------------- 
(5,415,986) 
======================= ======================= ======================= ======================= 

735,845
-
-
-------------------------------
735,845
-------------------------------
-
-
-
-
-
-
-------------------------------
735,845

-
-
-
-------------------------------
-
-------------------------------
(5,017,665)
(395,110)
(542,882)
(801,484)
(24,116)
26,610
-------------------------------
(6,754,647)

598,344

156,756

11,112,737

11,867,837 

(1,166,615)
---------------------------------
(568,271)

(2,068,434) 
---------------------------------- 
9,799,403 
======================= ======================= ======================= ======================= 

(901,819)
---------------------------------- -----------------------------------
10,210,918

156,756

-

12 months to 31 December 2014 

Segment turnover 
Attributable to digital merchants 
Cost of sales – payment providers 

Segment gross profit 

Administrative expenses 
Share based payments charge 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Interest payable 
Interest income 

Segment net profit/ (loss) 

Segment assets 

Segment liabilities 

Net assets 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 32 

Notes to the financial statements 

12 months to 31 December 2013 

End user
activity

Platform
fees

Group

Total 

£

£

£

£ 

Segment turnover 
Attributable to digital merchants 
Cost of sales – payment providers 

Segment gross profit 

Administrative expenses 
Share based payments charge 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Interest payable 
Interest income 

Segment net profit/ (loss) 

Segment assets 

Segment liabilities 

Net assets 

7,074,780
(5,082,905)
(1,637,202)
-------------------------------
354,673
-------------------------------
-
-
-
-
-
-
-------------------------------
354,673

8,788,454 
(5,082,905) 
(1,637,202) 
------------------------------- 
2,068,347 
------------------------------- 
(5,086,996) 
(474,958) 
(408,030) 
(1,032,341) 
(31,304) 
35,906 
------------------------------- 
(4,929,376) 
======================= ======================= ======================= ======================= 

-
-
-
-------------------------------
-
-------------------------------
(5,086,996)
(474,958)
(408,030)
(1,032,341)
(31,304)
35,906
-------------------------------
(6,997,723)

1,713,674
-
-
-------------------------------
1,713,674
-------------------------------
-
-
-
-
-
-
-------------------------------
1,713,674

1,385,711

44,922

9,945,828

11,376,461 

(1,086,442)
---------------------------------
299,269

(2,514,013) 
---------------------------------- 
8,862,448 
======================= ======================= ======================= ======================= 

(1,427,571)
---------------------------------- -----------------------------------
8,518,257

44,922

-

Included within the end user segment turnover is £3.94m (31 December 2013 £6.33m) relating to a major strategic partner, and included 
within platform fees there was £0.34m (31 December 2013 £0.81m) relating to one strategic partner.   

End user activity is the content access fees paid by end users for accessing chargeable content provided by digital merchants, adjusted to 
take account of whether Bango is agent or principal in the transactions. Gross profit for this segment is after both digital merchant and 
payment provider charges. Assets for this segment are amounts due from payment providers. Liabilities for this segment are mainly fees 
payable to payment providers for provision of services and fees payable to digital merchants for provision of content sold by Bango to end 
users. 

Platform fees are the amounts paid to Bango by digital merchants and others for package fees and other services including analytics and 
operator connections. Assets for this segment are amounts due for package fees and other services. Liabilities for this segment represent 
deferred income for package fees. Group assets include non-current assets and cash and cash equivalents. Group liabilities relate to 
administrative expenses. 

Non-current assets are based in the UK, except for £0.05m of property, plant and equipment held at the New York office and data centre. 

(c) Geographical analysis 
Bango’s turnover from external customers is divided into the following geographical areas.  

United Kingdom (country of domicile)

EU 

USA and Canada 

Rest of World 

31 Dec 2014 

31 Dec 2013 

£     

£     

501,050

335,025

1,873,752

2,384,125

1,459,475 

528,314 

3,867,595 

2,933,070 

------------------------------------------------------------- 
5,093,952
=====================

------------------------------------------------------------- 
8,788,454 
===================== 

Segment turnover is based on the location of the customers, of which in platform fees £0.34m (31 December 2013 £0.81m) came from a 
strategic partner based in the USA and Canada. All turnover from end users is spread over many territories.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
33 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

5  Non-current assets 

5.1 Property, plant and equipment  

Cost 
At 1 January 2013 
Additions         

At 31 December 2013 

Depreciation 
At 1 January 2013 
Charge for the year 

At 31 December 2013 

Net book value 
At 31 December 2013 

Cost 
At 1 January 2014 
Additions         
Disposals in the year 

At 31 December 2014 

Depreciation 
At 1 January 2014 
Charge for the year 
Disposals in the year 

At 31 December 2014 

Net book value 
At 31 December 2014 

Leasehold 
improvements
£ 

Office
 equipment
£ 

Computer 
equipment
£ 

Total 
£  

190,922
6,733
------------------------------- 
197,655
========================= 

182,851
3,185
------------------------------ 
186,036
========================== 

114,657
24,227
----------------------------- 
138,884
========================= 

85,519
11,369
----------------------------- 
96,888
========================= 

1,666,022
448,040
---------------------------------- 
2,114,062
============================= 

1,064,569
393,476
---------------------------------- 
1,458,045
============================== 

1,971,601 
479,000 
----------------------------------------- 
2,450,601 
=================================== 

1,332,939 
408,030 
--------------------------------- 
1,740,969 
============================= 

11,619
====================== 

41,996
======================== 

656,017
============================= 

709,632 
============================= 

Leasehold 
improvements
£ 

Office
 equipment
£ 

Computer 
equipment
£ 

Total 
£  

197,655
39,333
-
------------------------------- 
236,988
========================= 

186,036
9,908

------------------------------ 
195,944
========================== 

138,884
9,198
-
----------------------------- 
148,082
========================= 

96,888
13,589

----------------------------- 
110,477
========================= 

2,114,062
561,973
(1,012,208)
---------------------------------- 
1,663,827
============================= 

1,458,045
519,385
(1,012,208)
---------------------------------- 
965,222
============================== 

2,450,601 
610,504 
(1,012,208) 
----------------------------------------- 
2,048,897 
=================================== 

1,740,969 
542,882 
(1,012,208) 
--------------------------------- 
1,271,643 
============================= 

41,044
====================== 

37,605
======================== 

698,605
============================= 

777,254 
============================= 

Included in property, plant and equipment at year end were £483,934 of assets held under finance leases (31 December 2013: £305,226). 
Depreciation is shown within administrative expenses in the income statement. Financial lease liabilities are secured on the assets to which 
they relate.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 

 Notes to the financial statements 34 

5.2 Intangible assets 

Cost 
At 1 January 2013   
Additions         
Derecognition of intangible assets 

At 31 December 2013 

Amortization 
At 1 January 2013 
Charge for the year 
Derecognition of intangible assets 

At 31 December 2013 

Net book value 
At 31 December 2013 

Cost 
At 1 January 2014 
Additions         

At 31 December 2014 

Amortization 
At 1 January 2014 
Charge for the year 

At 31 December 2014 

Net book value 
At 31 December 2014 

Domain Names

£

32,887
-
-
--------------------------- 
32,887
======================== 

32,887
-
-
---------------------------- 
32,887
========================= 

Internal 
Development
£

Total 

£ 

4,270,791
1,132,266
(994,985)
----------------------------------------
4,408,072
=====================================

992,844
1,032,341
(994,985)
---------------------------------
1,030,200
==============================

4,303,678 
1,132,266 
(994,985) 
-----------------------------------------
4,440,959 
             ===================================== 

1,025,731 
1,032,341 
(994,985) 
--------------------------------- 
1,063,087 
============================== 

-   

========================= 

3,377,872
======================================

3,377,872 
===================================== 

Domain Names

£

32,887
-
--------------------------- 
32,887
======================== 

32,887
-
---------------------------- 
32,887
========================= 

Internal 
Development
£

Total 

£ 

4,408,072
914,864
----------------------------------------
5,322,936
=====================================

1,030,200
801,484
---------------------------------
1,831,684
==============================

4,440,959 
914,864 
-----------------------------------------
5,355,823 
             ===================================== 

1,063,087 
801,484 
--------------------------------- 
1,864,571 
============================== 

-
========================= 

3,491,252
======================================

3,491,252 
===================================== 

Amortization is shown within administrative expenses in the income statement. The company regularly reviews its intangible assets to ensure 
that they are not impaired through periodic impairment testing in line with IAS 36. Assets are reviewed in relation to the revenue that will be 
generated from them as a discreet product. They are therefore separately assessed for signs of impairment.  

In the prior year Bango accelerated amortization and derecognized some older intangible assets that related to specific developments to the 
Bango payment platform for customers that were not expected to contribute to revenue significantly beyond 2014.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
35 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

6  Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 

Impairment of trade receivables 

Research and development tax credits

Total 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

1,135,949 
(26,133) 

545,796 
85,482 
504,671 

767,170
180,250
1,054,287
------------------------------------  ------------------------------------
2,001,707
(13,020)
------------------------------------  ------------------------------------
1,988,687
189,904
------------------------------------  ------------------------------------
2,178,591
========================  ========================

1,109,816 
236,028 

1,345,844 

At  31  December  2014,  some  of  the  unimpaired  trade  receivables  are  past  their  due  date.  The  age  of  financial  assets  past  due  but  not 
impaired is as follows:   

Not more than one month  
One to two months 
Three to twelve months 
More than twelve months 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

54,481 
20,058 
25,106 
- 
------------------ 
99,645 
============= 

46,963
88,794
25,389
-
------------------
161,146
=============

Trade and other receivables are usually due within 30-60 days and do not bear any effective interest rate. All trade receivables are subject to 
credit risk exposure.   

Trade receivables from digital merchants consist of numerous accounts with no significant individual balances. Provision for impairment has 
been made where the debt is not considered likely to be recoverable. 

The fair value of these short term financial assets is not individually determined as the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair 
value. There is no material difference between fair value and book value. 

A reconciliation of bad debt provision for trade receivables is provided below: 

31 Dec 2014 

31 Dec 2013

£ 

£

13,020 
(7,887) 
21,000 
------------------ 
26,133 
============ 

53,440
(82,420)
42,000
------------------
13,020
============

Brought forward provision 
Debts written off in the year 
Increase in provision  

Carry forward provision 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 

Notes to the financial statements 36 

7 Share capital and employee share options 

Allotted, called up and fully paid: 

Ordinary shares of 20p each in Bango PLC 

As at 31 December 2012 

Issue of new shares 
Exercise of share options 

As at 31 December 2013 

Issue of new shares 
Exercise of share options 

As at 31 December 2014 

No  

£ 

41,733,017 

8,346,604

3,250,000 
627,326 
------------------------- 
45,610,343 
------------------------- 
6,250,000 
136,973 
------------------------- 
51,997,316 
================= 

650,000
125,465
-----------------------
9,122,069
-----------------------
1,250,000
27,394
-----------------------
10,399,463
================

During the year 136,973 share options were exercised at exercise prices between 23 pence and 167.0 pence and a par value of 20 pence 
per share. The total proceeds were £86,582 of which £27,394 was recognized as share capital and £59,188 as share premium.  

In October 2014 Bango PLC issued 6,250,000 ordinary shares of 20 pence each at market price of 96 pence per share with existing investors 
raising £6.0m gross and £5.6m net of expenses of £0.4m.  

The Group issues share options to Directors and to employees under either an HM Revenue and Customs approved Enterprise Management 
Incentive (EMI) scheme or an unapproved scheme. Employees resident overseas are eligible to participate in the scheme but their options do 
not qualify as HM Revenue and Customs approved.  

The grant price for share options is equal to the average quoted market price of the company shares on the date of grant. Options vest evenly 
over a period of one to three years following grant date. The options lapse if share options remain unexercised after a period of ten years from 
the date of grant or if the employee leaves the Group. 

Movements in the number of share options outstanding and their related weighted average exercise prices are as follows: 

Outstanding at 1 January 2014 
Granted 
Lapsed 
Exercised 

Outstanding at 31 December 2014 

Exercisable at 31 December 2014 

Average
exercise price
per share
p
132
118
161
63
-----------------------------------
130
=======================
124
=======================

31 Dec 2014

Options

No
2,844,996
893,000
(162,239)
(136,973)
-----------------------------------
3,438,784
=======================
2,085,701
=======================

Average 
exercise price 
per share 
p 
82 
184 
145 
76 
----------------------------------- 
132 
======================= 
105 
======================= 

31 Dec 2013

Options

No
2,745,361
930,875
(203,914)
(627,326)
-----------------------------------
2,844,996
=======================
1,630,154
=======================

The weighted average share price at date of exercise of options exercised during the year was 148.14 pence (2013: 181.14 pence). 

The fair value of options granted during the year, determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, were between 44 – 63 pence. 
Significant inputs into the model include a weighted average share price of 120.6 pence (31 December 2013: 186.05 pence) at the grant 
date, the exercise prices, volatility of 48.5% (31 December 2013: 52.46-54.87%), dividend yield of nil (31 December 2013: nil), an expected 
option life of five years (31 December 2013: five years) and an annual risk-free interest rate of 1.51-1.87% (31 December 2013: 0.75-
1.60%). 

For the most recent share awards there was sufficient share price data for Bango PLC to calculate the company's volatility, which is based on 
five years historical, compounded daily share price variances.  

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
37 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

At 31 December 2014, Bango PLC had the following outstanding options and exercise prices: 

Average 
exercise 
price per share 

Options

31 Dec 2014
Remaining
Contractual
Life

Average
exercise
price per share

Options 

31 Dec 2013
Remaining
Contractual
Life

Pence 

Number

Months

Pence

Number  

Months

50.00 
28.75 
50.00 
202.00 
177.50 
140.00 
106.50 
50.50 
41.00 
23.00 
53.50 
44.00 
44.50 
59.50 
167.00 
153.00 
82.50 
82.00 
76.50 
68.50 
142.50 
187.50 
166.50 
218.00 
232.50 
218.50 
180.00 
126.00 
136.00 
101.00 

76,000
35,000
14,000
58,000
27,000
158,250
24,250
104,250
108,500
56,417
55,250
58,000
57,145
79,547
84,060
100,000
55,135
96,960
20,000
20,000
120,322
7,000
194,823
100,000
417,500
10,000
50,000
374,875
426,500
450,000

  ------------------------------ 
3,438,784
====================

2
2
8
9
14
17
21
27
33
39
46
50
58
63
79
74
75
81
81
84
87
92
93
95
99
100
102
106
112
118

82
=====

50.00
28.75
50.00
202.00
177.50
140.00
106.50
50.50
41.00
23.00
53.50
44.00
44.50
59.50
167.00
153.00
82.50
82.00
76.50
68.50
142.50
187.50
166.50
218.00
232.50
218.50
180.00
126.00
-
-

76,000 
67,500 
14,000 
74,000 
30,000 
158,250 
26,000 
107,000 
110,250 
59,917 
58,750 
62,500 
67,029 
84,212 
106,100 
100,000 
106,945 
132,705 
20,000 
20,000 
132,650 
7,000 
214,313 
100,000 
448,000 
10,000 
50,000 
401,875 
- 
- 

------------------------------ 
2,844,996 
==================== 

14
14
20
21
26
29
33
39
45
51
58
62
70
75
81
86
87
93
93
96
99
104
105
107
111
112
114
118
-
-

82
=====

Expiry date 

18 February 
27 February 
28 August 
21 September 
1 March 
25 May 
9 October 
23 March 
19 September  
31 January 
15 October 
19 February 
1 October 
17 March 
24 September 
7 February 
17 March 
9 September  
27 September 
8 December  
23 March 
13 August 
20 September 
06 November 
26 March 
02 April 
27 June 
04 October 
01 April 
22 October 

2015 
2015 
2015 
2015 
2016 
2016 
2016 
2017 
2017 
2018 
2018 
2019 
2019 
2020 
   2020 
   2021 
   2021 
   2021 
   2021 
   2021 
   2022 
   2022 
   2022 
   2022 
   2023 
   2023 
   2023 
   2023 
   2024 
   2024 

At 31 December 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 

Notes to the financial statements 38 

8  Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Social security and other taxes 
Accruals and deferred income 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

1,199,114 
104,311 
174,868 
------------------------------ 
1,478,293 

1,799,148
129,539
157,798
------------------------------
2,086,485
=====================  =====================

Trade and other payables are due within one year and are non-interest bearing. There is no material difference between book value and fair 
value. 

9  Commitments 

Bango leases two offices and some small office equipment under non-cancellable operating leases for which the future aggregate minimum 
lease payments are as follows: 

No later than 1 year 
Later than 1 but no later than 5 years
More than 5 years 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

204,015 
469,485 
- 
------------------ 
673,500 
============= 

69,700
128,624
-
------------------
198,324
=============

The UK lease has been renewed in the year and expires on 17 November 2023 and the US office lease expires on 30 September 2016. 

During the year Bango entered into an additional finance lease to buy certain technical computer equipment as part of the on-going upgrades 
to the Bango technology to cope with growth in the group, the lease will terminate in February 2017. The lease agreement includes fixed non-
cancellable lease payments, and does not contain any further restrictions. Finance lease liabilities are secured by the related assets held 
under finance lease.   

Gross lease liabilities 

Within one year 
Between two and five years 

Future interest 

The present value of finance lease liabilities is repayable as follows:

Within one year 
Between two and five years 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

312,500 
301,455 
------------------ 
613,955 
------------------ 
(23,814) 
------------------ 
590,141 
============= 

167,609
300,025
------------------
467,634
------------------
(40,106)
------------------
427,528
=============

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

296,817 
293,324 
------------------ 
590,141 
============= 

147,246
280,282
------------------
427,528
=============

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
39 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

10  Expenses by nature 

Employee benefit expense 
Depreciation & amortization 
Other expenses 

Analyzed as: 
Administrative expenses 
Share based payments 
Depreciation 
Amortization 

11  Profit or loss before taxation 

Profit or loss before taxation is stated after charging: 

Auditor's remuneration: 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the financial statements 
Fees payable to the Group’s auditors for other services: audit of Group’s subsidiaries
Other services relating to taxation compliance services 
Other services relating to taxation advisory services 

Operating lease expenses: 
Land and buildings 

Finance lease charges in year 

Exchange rate variances  

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment – lease assets
Depreciation on property, plant and equipment – owned assets
Amortization of intangible assets  
Research and development costs 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

  31 Dec 2013
£

3,394,158 
1,344,366 
2,018,617 
---------------------- 
6,757,141 
=============== 

5,017,665 
395,110 
542,882 
801,484 
---------------------- 
6,757,141 
=============== 

3,233,380
1,440,371
2,328,574
----------------------
7,002,325
===============

5,086,996
474,958
408,030
1,032,341
----------------------
7,002,325
===============

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

3,000 
37,000 
6,335 
5,390 

3,000
36,000
12,810
15,205

264,494 

261,690

24,116 

31,304

(129,750) 

123,150

322,816 
220,066 
801,484 
153,110 

181,554
226,476
1,032,341
154,018
======================  ========================

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 40 

Notes to the financial statements 

12  Employee benefit expense 
The average number of staff employed by Bango during the financial year amounted to: 

Administrative staff 
Marketing staff 
Sales staff 
Technical staff 
Executive Directors 
Support staff 

The aggregate payroll costs of the above were: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Other pension costs 
Share based remuneration 

31 Dec 2014 
No 

31 Dec 2013
No

7 
6 
3 
23 
3 
24 
-------- 
66 
====== 

6
5
3
22
3
22
--------
61
======

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

3,200,242 
401,834 
66,028 
395,110 
----------------------- 
4,063,214 
================ 

3,063,109
410,673
68,363
474,958
-----------------------
4,017,103
================

Included in the above payroll costs is £669,056 (31 December 2013: £783,723) capitalized within internal development (note 5.2). 

The Directors have identified 9 (31 December 2013: ten) key management personnel, including Directors. Compensation to key management 
is set out below: 

Short term employee benefits 
Employers national insurance 
Post employment benefits 
Share based compensation 

13 Directors 
Remuneration in respect of Directors was as follows: 

Emoluments 

31 December 2014 

R Anderson 
A Malhotra 
G Tucker 
M Rigby 
R Burger 
D Sear 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 
1,005,654 
127,984 
18,987 
162,734 
------------------ 
1,315,359 
============= 

31 Dec 2013
£
1,067,996
137,078
19,905
194,568
------------------
1,419,547
============

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

493,420 
============ 

Wages and 
salaries 

Pension and other 
benefits 

£
150,000
138,800
129,800
15,750
15,750
42,000
-----------------
492,100
   ========

£ 
- 
1,320 
- 
- 
- 
- 
------------ 
1,320 
    ====== 

540,798
============

Total

£
150,000
140,120
129,800
15,750
15,750
42,000
-----------------
493,420
    ========

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
41 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

31 December 2013 

R Anderson 
A Malhotra 
G Tucker 
M Rigby 
R Burger 
D Sear 

Wages and 
salaries 

Pension and other 
benefits 

£
175,000
161,178
129,800
15,750
15,750
42,000
-----------------
539,478
   ========

£ 
- 
1,320 
- 
- 
- 
- 
------------ 
1,320 
    ====== 

Total

£
175,000
162,498
129,800
15,750
15,750
42,000
-----------------
540,798
    ========

The highest paid Director received total salary of £150,000 (31 December 2013: £175,000), pension contributions of £nil (31 December 
2013: £nil), and share based compensation of £nil (31 December 2013: £nil). 

The number of Directors who accrued benefits under pension schemes was one (31 December 2013: one). 

The total share based compensation for Directors was £41,803 (31 December 2013: £98,079). 

For details of Directors options please see the Directors and their interest section of the Directors’ report. 

14  Investment income 

Bank interest receivable 

15  Taxation 
Income tax 

R&D tax credits receivable 
Under provision of prior year credit 

Income tax expense for the year differs from the standard rate of taxation as follows: 

Loss on ordinary activities before taxation 

Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of tax of 21.49% (31 December 2013: 
23.25%) 
Effect of: 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Differences between capital allowances and depreciation
Unutilized tax losses 
Additional deductions for R&D expenditure 
Surrender of tax losses for R&D 
Short term timing differences 
Adjustments in relation to prior years 

Total tax  

31 Dec 2014 
£ 
(26,610) 

     31 Dec 2013
£
(35,906)
=======================  =======================

 31 Dec 2014 
£ 
(236,028) 
(30,182) 
------------------------------ 
(266,210) 

31 Dec 2013
£
(189,904)
-
------------------------------
(189,904)
==============  ===============

(5,415,986) 

(4,929,376)
=======================  =======================

(1,163,895) 

(1,146,080) 

100,092 
(17,835) 
911,162 
(208,858) 
127,149 
16,157 
(30,182) 
------------------------------ 
(266,210) 

144,837
(49,809)
871,352
(222,960)
211,425
1,331
-
------------------------------
(189,904)
=======================  =======================

At 31 December 2014 the unutilized tax losses carried forward amounted to £23.6 million (at 31 December 2013: £19.4 million). 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 42 

Deferred tax assets/ (liabilities): 

Share option deduction 
Tax losses 
Other temporary differences  
Accelerated capital allowances and capitalised 
development costs 

Provided

Provided
31 Dec 2014      31 Dec 2013
£

£

Unprovided 
31 Dec 2014 
£ 

     Unprovided
   31 Dec 2013
                      £

-
475,778
-

-
920,828
-

105,920 
4,713,804 
- 

177,106
2,949,325
800

(475,778) 
------------------------------
-

- 
------------------------------  ------------------------------
3,127,231
============== =============== ==============  ===============

(920,828) 
------------------------------
-

4,819,724 

- 

All unrecognized deferred tax balances relate to the UK and are expected to offset. No deferred tax asset has been recognized in respect of 
the above temporary differences due to the unpredictability of future taxable trading profits from which these differences may be deducted.  

16 Loss per share 

(a) Basic 
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the loss attributable to equity holders of Bango PLC by the weighted average number of 
ordinary shares in issue during the year. 

Loss attributable to equity holders of Bango PLC 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue 

Earnings (basic) per share 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

(5,149,776) 

(4,739,472)

46,985,640 

45,017,722

(10.96) p 

(10.53) p

(b) Diluted 
Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding to assume conversion of all dilutive 
potential ordinary share options.  

Loss attributable to equity holders of Bango PLC 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares  

Earnings (diluted) per share 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

(5,149,776) 

(4,739,472)

46,985,640 

45,017,722

(10.96) p 

(10.53) p

At 31 December 2014 options over 3,438,784 (31 December 2013: 2,844,996) ordinary shares were outstanding. Given the loss for the year, 
these options are considered to be anti-dilutive. Such options could potentially dilute basic loss per share in the future.  

17  Cash used by operations 

Loss for the financial year 
Depreciation and amortization 
Taxation in income statement 
Investment income 
Interest payable 
Foreign exchange movement on cash balances 
Share-based payment expense 
Decrease in receivables 
Decrease in payables  

Corporation tax rebate  

Net cash used by operations 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 
(5,149,776) 
1,344,366 
(266,210) 
(26,610) 
24,116 
11,072 
395,110 
878,872 
(608,192) 

  31 Dec 2013
£
(4,739,472)
1,440,371
(189,904)
(35,906)
31,304
(9,322)
474,958
202,662
(59,878)
----------------------------------  ----------------------------------
(2,885,187)
359,113
----------------------------------  ----------------------------------
(2,526,074)
=======================  =======================

(3,397,252) 
220,085 

(3,177,167) 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
43 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

18  Financial assets and liabilities 

Financial assets included in the balance sheet relate to the following IAS 39 categories:   

Loans and receivables 

Total financial assets 

These financial assets are included in the balance sheet within the following headings: 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total financial assets 

Financial liabilities included in the balance sheet relate to the following IAS 39 categories: 

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost  

Total financial liabilities 

These financial liabilities are included in the balance sheet within the following headings: 

Current liabilities 
Trade payables 
Accruals  

Total financial liabilities 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

7,047,512 
---------------------- 
7,047,512 
========== 

6,682,069
------------------------
6,682,069
===========

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

794,025 
6,253,487 
---------------------- 
7,047,512 
========== 

1,558,683
5,110,366
----------------------
6,669,049
===========

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

1,373,982 
---------------------- 
1,373,982 
========== 

1,956,946
----------------------
1,956,946
==========

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

1,199,114 
174,868 
--------------------- 
1,373,982 
========== 

1,799,148
157,798
---------------------
1,956,946
==========

19  Credit risk analysis 
Bango’s exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying amount of financial assets and cash and cash equivalents recognized at the balance 
sheet date, as summarized in note 18. 

Bango continuously monitors defaults of customers and other counterparties, identified individually or by group, and incorporates this 
information into its credit risk controls. Where available at reasonable cost, external credit ratings and / or reports on customers and other 
counterparties are obtained and used. Bango’s policy is to deal only with creditworthy counterparties. 

Bango’s management considers that all the financial assets that are not impaired for each of the reporting dates under review are of good 
credit quality including those that are past due. See note 6 for further information on trade receivables that are past due. The only other 
financial asset that is not cash are tax credits due from HMRC.  

None of Bango’s financial assets are secured by collateral or other credit enhancements. 

In respect of trade and other receivables, Bango is not exposed to any significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or any group 
of counterparties having similar characteristics. Bango completes regular credit checks on those payment providers accounting for significant 
individual balances. In addition, the terms and conditions of trade with some digital merchants allow the group to withhold payment of the 
relevant part of the digital merchant earnings until payment is received from the payment provider.  

The credit risk for liquid funds and other short-term financial assets is considered negligible, since the counterparties are reputable banks 
with high quality external credit ratings.     

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 44 

Notes to the financial statements 

20  Liquidity risk analysis and capital management 
Bango manages its liquidity needs by carefully monitoring cash outflows due in day-to-day business. Liquidity needs are monitored in various 
time bands, on a day-to-day and week-to-week basis, as well as on a monthly basis. Long-term liquidity needs are identified on a quarterly 
basis, taking account of operating activities and investing activities.   

At 31 December 2014 Bango’s financial liabilities had contractual maturities which are summarized below: 

Trade and other payables within 6 months 
Finance lease obligations within 6 months 
Finance lease obligations 6 to 12 months 
Finance lease obligations 1 year to 5 years 

Financial liabilities 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

1,373,982 
147,258 
149,559 
293,324 
--------------------- 
1,964,123 
================ 

1,957,995
72,681
74,565
280,282
---------------------
2,385,523
================

Bango’s capital management objectives are to ensure Bango’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide an adequate return to 
shareholders, via sufficient cash resources, through profitable trading and equity issues to mitigate liquidity risk.   

During the year ended 31 December 2014 Bango PLC issued £6.0m new shares on the AIM market in October (31 December 2013: £6.5m).  
The Directors consider that the capital management objectives have been satisfied through the adequate management of liquidity, as 
sufficient cash is available to meet all liabilities falling due in the next year.  

At 31 December 2014 Bango only had hire purchase borrowings. 

Capital for the reporting year under review is summarized as follows: 

Total equity 
Less cash and cash equivalents 
Plus borrowings 

The capital to overall financing ratio is 34.1% (2013: 40.4%). 

21  Market risk analysis 

Overall financing

31 Dec 2014
£

31 Dec 2013
£

Capital 
31 Dec 2014  31 Dec 2013
£

£ 

9,799,403
-
590,141
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,389,544
=================

8,862,448
-
427,528
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9,289,976
=================

9,799,403 
(6,253,487) 
- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
3,545,916 
================= 

8,862,448
(5,110,366)
-
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,752,082
=================

21.1 Interest risk sensitivity  
Bango has no borrowings on which it is subject to interest rate risk. The risk associated with interest earned on cash balances is low, given the 
low level of interest currently being earned. 

21.2 Foreign currency sensitivity 
Exposure to currency exchange rates arise from the Bango’s overseas sales and purchases, which are primarily denominated in US Dollars and 
Euros.   

The amounts to be paid and received in a specific currency are expected to largely offset one another, so no hedging activity is undertaken. 

Foreign currency denominated financial assets and liabilities, translated into sterling at the closing rate, are as follows. 

Nominal amounts 

US $                          USD 
Euro                           EUR 
Australian $                AUD 
Canadian $                 CAD 
New Zealand $           NZD 
Indonesia Rp               IDR 
Qatari Riyal                 QAR 
South African Rand     ZAR 
Saudi Arabian Riyal     SAR 
Other 

Short term exposure 

£
Financial 
assets 
631,922 
88,133 
30,835 
164,430 
18 
152,419 
7,172 
26,413 
76,382 
31,523 
------------------------ 
1,209,247 
=========== 

31 Dec 2014
£ 
Financial 
liabilities 

952,021
11,272
-
1,493
-
-
-
72
-
802
------------------------
965,660
===========

£
Net assets/ 
(liabilities) 
(320,099)
76,861
30,835
162,937
18
152,419
7,172
26,341
76,382
30,721
-------------------- 
243,587
=========

£
Financial 
assets 
1,090,054
224,790
26,243
297,646
10,247
352,680
24,156
51,970
-
34,105
------------------------ 
2,111,891
===========

31 Dec 2013 
£ 
Financial 
liabilities 

1,545,923 
39,323 
485 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
------------------------ 
1,585,731 
=========== 

£
Net assets/ 
(liabilities) 

(455,869)
185,467
25,758
297,646
10,247
352,680
24,156
51,970
-
34,105
-------------------- 
526,160
=========

Sensitivity analysis has been performed on the financial assets and liabilities to assess the exposure of the group to foreign exchange 
movements. If exchange rates moved so that the sterling weakened by 5% then the effect on the balance sheet would be a loss of £11,600 
and if it moved by 10% then there would be a total loss of £22,144. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
45 Independent auditor’s report to the members of Bango PLC 

Independent auditor’s report to the 
members of Bango PLC 

Other matter 
We have reported separately on the Group financial statements of 
Bango PLC for the year ended 31 December 2014.  

Paul Naylor 
Senior Statutory Auditor 
for and on behalf of Grant Thornton UK LLP 
Statutory Auditor, Chartered Accountants 
Cambridge  
9 March 2015 

We have audited the parent company financial statements of 
Bango PLC for the year ended 31 December 2014 which 
comprise the Company balance sheet, and the related notes. The 
financial reporting framework that has been applied in their 
preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting 
Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting 
Practice). 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, 
in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state 
to the company’s members those matters we are required to state 
to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the 
fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the company and the 
company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, 
or for the opinions we have formed. 

Respective responsibilities of Directors and auditors 
As explained more fully in the Directors’ responsibilities statement 
set out on pages 18 and 19, the Directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the parent company financial statements and for 
being satisfied that they give a true and fair view. Our 
responsibility is to audit and express an opinion on the parent 
company financial statements in accordance with applicable law 
and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those 
standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices 
Board’s (APB’s) Ethical Standards for Auditors. 

Scope of the audit of the financial statements 
A description of the scope of an audit of financial statements is 
provided on the Financial Reporting Council's website at 
www.frc.org.uk/auditscopeukprivate 

Opinion on financial statements 
In our opinion the parent company financial statements: 
 

give a true and fair view of the state of the company's 
affairs as at 31 December 2014; 
have been properly prepared in accordance with United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and 
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements 
of the Companies Act 2006. 

 

 

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 
2006 
In our opinion the information given in the Strategic Report and 
Directors' report for the financial year for which the financial 
statements are prepared is consistent with the parent company 
financial statements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters 
where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in 
our opinion: 
•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the 

parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not 
been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement 
with the accounting records and returns; or 

• 

•  certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law 

are not made; or 

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we 

require for our audit. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company balance sheet 46 

Company balance sheet 

Fixed assets 
Investment in subsidiary 

Current assets 
Debtors due within one year 
Debtors due after one year 

Creditors falling due within one year 

Net current assets / (liabilities)                                                                         

Total assets less current liabilities 

Capital and reserves 
Share capital  
Share premium account 
Other reserve 
Retained earnings 

Shareholders’ funds 

Note

31 Dec 2014 
 £  

     31 Dec 2013 
 £ 

4

5
5

6

7
8
8
8

28,164,431 
--------------------- 

27,769,236
---------------------

2,860 
5,538,530 
------------------------ 
5,541,390 
(17,836) 
------------------------ 
5,523,554 
================== 

2,715
-
------------------------
2,715
(9,610)
------------------------
(6,895)
==================

33,687,985 
================== 

27,762,341
==================

10,399,463 
22,098,603 
1,526,650 
(336,731) 

----------------------- 
33,687,985 
================= 

9,122,069
17,684,376
1,968,834
(1,012,938)

-----------------------
27,762,341
=================

These financial statements were approved by the Directors on 9 March 2015 and are signed on their behalf by: 

R Anderson 
Director 

G Tucker 
Director 

Company registration number 05386079 

The notes on pages 47 to 49 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
47 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

2  Loss for the year 
Bango PLC has made full use of the exemptions as permitted by 
Section 408(1) of the Companies Act 2006 and accordingly the 
profit and loss account of the entity is not presented as part of the 
accounts. The Bango PLC loss for the year ended 31 December 
2014 of £161,087 (31 December 2013: £191,803) is included in 
the Group result for the financial period. 

The auditor’s remuneration for audit and non-audit services to the 
Company was borne entirely by Bango.net Limited, a wholly 
owned subsidiary. 

3  Directors and employees 
Details of Directors’ interests in the shares and options of Bango 
PLC are provided in the Directors’ report on page 18. 

There are no employees employed directly by Bango PLC. 

Details of Directors’ remuneration are disclosed in note 13 of the 
Group accounts. A charge of £47,791 (31 December 2013: 
£54,423) has been recognized within the parent company’s own 
figures relating to wages and salaries. 

1  Accounting policies 

Basis of accounting 
The separate financial statements of Bango PLC are presented as 
required by the Companies Act 2006. They have been prepared 
under the historical cost convention and in accordance with 
applicable United Kingdom accounting standards and law. 

The principal accounting policies are summarized below. They 
have all been applied consistently throughout the year. 

Investments 
Fixed asset investments are shown at cost less provision for 
impairment. 

Share based payments 
Bango PLC issues equity settled share-based compensation to 
certain employees (including Directors) of its trading subsidiaries. 
Equity settled share-based payments are measured at fair value 
at the date of grant. The fair value determined at the grant date of 
the equity-settled share-based payment is credited to reserves on 
a straight-line basis over the vesting period, together with a 
corresponding increase in the book value of Bango PLC’s 
investment in subsidiaries, based upon the estimate of the shares 
that will eventually vest. These estimates are subsequently revised 
if there is any indication that the number of options expected to 
vest differs from previous estimates. Any cumulative adjustment 
prior to vesting is recognized in the current period. No adjustment 
is made to any expense recognized in prior periods. 

Fair value is measured by an external valuer using the Black-
Scholes option pricing model. The expected life used in the 
model has been adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, 
for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and 
behavioral considerations. 

Where the terms of an equity-settled transaction are modified, as 
a minimum an expense is recognized as if the terms had not 
been modified. In addition, an expense is recognized for any 
increase in the value of the transaction as a result of the 
modification, as measured by the date of modification, over the 
remaining vesting period. 

Where an equity-settled transaction is cancelled, it is treated as if 
it had vested on the due date of the cancellation, and any 
expense not yet recognized for the transaction is recognized 
immediately. However, if a new transaction is substituted for the 
cancelled transaction, and designated as a replacement 
transaction on the date that it is granted, the cancelled and new 
transactions are treated as if they were a modification of the 
original transaction, as described in the previous paragraph. 

Related party transactions 
In accordance with Financial Reporting Standard Number 8: 
Related Party Disclosures, the company is exempt from disclosing 
transactions with wholly owned entities that are part of the Group 
headed by Bango PLC as it is a parent company publishing 
consolidated financial statements. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 

Notes to the financial statements 48 

4  Investments 

Cost 
Shares in subsidiary undertakings at 31 December 2013 
Share based payments 
Investment in Bango do Brasil 

Shares in subsidiary undertakings at 31 December 2014 

Net book amount 
At 31 December 2014 

At 31 December 2013 

£

27,769,236
395,110
85
----------------------------------
28,164,431
=======================

28,164,431
=======================
27,769,236
=======================

Details of subsidiary undertakings at 31 December 2014 are as follows: 

Country of 
incorporation 

Class of share 
capital held 

Held by the 
company 

Nature of business

Bango.net Limited 

England & Wales 

Ordinary

Bango Inc 

Delaware, USA 

Common

100% Development, marketing and sale 
of technology for mobile phone 
users to purchase services for 
their mobile phones 

100%

Sales and support office for 
Bango.net Limited services in USA 

Spain 

Ordinary

100%

Support for Bango.net Limited

Bango Movil  

Bango SP Ltd 

England & Wales 

Bango Employee Benefits Ltd 

England & Wales 

Bango do Brasil Cessão de 
Licenças de Programas de 
Computador Ltda * 
*99% owned via Bango Movil and 1% owned by Bango Plc 

Brazil 

5  Debtors 

Amounts due from Group undertakings (due after one year)
Other debtors (due within one year) 

6  Creditors 

Trade creditors 

Ordinary

Ordinary

Ordinary

100%

100%

100%

Non-trading

Non-trading

Non-trading

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

5,538,530 
2,860 
------------------------ 
5,541,390 
================== 

-
2,715
------------------------
2,715
================

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013
£

17,836 
=========== 

9,610
===========

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
49 Notes to the financial statements  

Notes to the financial statements 

7  Share capital 

Allotted, called up and fully paid: 

Ordinary shares of 20p each in Bango PLC 

No  

£ 

As at 31 December 2012 

Issue of new shares 
Exercise of share options 

As at 31 December 2013 

Issue of new shares 
Exercise of share options 

As at 31 December 2014 

41,733,017 

8,346,604

3,250,000 
627,326 
------------------------- 
45,610,343 
------------------------- 
6,250,000 
136,973 
------------------------- 
51,997,316 
================= 

650,000
125,465
-----------------------
9,122,069
-----------------------
1,250,000
27,394
-----------------------
10,399,463
================

During the year 136,973 share options were exercised at exercise prices between 23 pence and 167.0 pence and a par value of 20 pence 
per share. The total proceeds were £86,582 of which £27,394 was recognized as share capital and £59,188 as share premium.  

In October 2014 Bango PLC issued 6,250,000 ordinary shares of 20 pence each at market price of 96 pence per share with existing investors 
raising £6.0m gross and £5.6m net of expenses of £0.4m.  

During the year 893,000 options were granted to employees, including 65,000 to Gerry Tucker, a Director during the year. 

At the year end 3,438,784 options were outstanding. Further details relating to employee share options are provided in note 7 in the Bango 
financial statements.  

8  Reserves 

Share
Premium
Account
£ 

Other 
reserve 
£ 

Retained
earnings
£

At 1 January 2014 

17,684,376

1,968,834 

(1,012,938)

Issue of new shares 
Exercise of share options 
Share based payments 
Share based payments transfer for exercised share options
Loss for the year 

At 31 December 2014 

9  Reconciliation of movements in shareholder’s funds 

Period opening balance 
Exercise of share options 
Share based payments 
Issue of new shares 
Loss for the period 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

4,355,039
59,188
-
-
-
--------------------------------------
22,098,603

-
- 
-
- 
-
395,110 
837,294
(837,294) 
(161,087)
- 
--------------------------------  -------------------------------
(336,731)
========================= =====================  =====================

1,526,650 

31 Dec 2014 
£ 

31 Dec 2013

£

27,762,341 
86,582 
395,110 
5,605,039 
(161,087) 
------------------------ 
33,687,985 
================= 

20,861,421
477,477
474,958
6,140,288
(191,803)
------------------------
27,762,341
==================

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notice of Annual General Meeting 50 

Notice of Annual General Meeting  

THE COMPANIES ACTS 1985 TO 2006 

NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF BANGO PLC 

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Annual General Meeting of Bango PLC (the "Company") will be held the offices of The Company, 5 
Westbrook Centre, Cambridge, CB4 1YG on Wednesday 27th May 2015 at 2 pm for the following purposes.  

ORDINARY BUSINESS 

As ordinary business to consider and, if thought fit, pass resolutions 1 to 4 as ordinary resolutions.  

1.  To receive and adopt the financial statements of Bango for the year ended 31 December 2014 and the reports of the Directors and 

auditors on those financial statements. 

2.  To re-elect Mr Anil Malhotra who retires by rotation and offers himself for re-appointment by general meeting, as a Director of Bango. 

3.  To re-elect Mr Rudy Burger, who retires by rotation and offers himself for re-appointment by general meeting, as a Director of Bango. 

4.  To re-elect Grant Thornton UK LLP as auditors until the next Annual General Meeting of Bango at which accounts are laid before the 

members and to authorize the Directors to determine the auditors’ remuneration. 

SPECIAL BUSINESS 

As special business to consider and, if thought fit, pass resolution 5 as an ordinary resolution and resolution 6 as a special resolution.  

5.  That  the  Directors  be  and  are  hereby  generally  and  unconditionally  authorized  and  empowered  pursuant  to  and  in  accordance  with 
Section 551 of the Companies Act 2006 (the ”Act”) to exercise all the powers of Bango to allot shares and/or grant rights to subscribe 
for  or  to  convert  any  security  into  shares  (“Rights”)  up  to  an  aggregate  nominal  value  of  £3,469,821  (being  the  nominal  value  of 
approximately one third of Bango’s issued share capital) such authority to expire on the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting 
of  Bango  following  the  passing  of  this  resolution  or,  if  earlier,  the  date  15  months  after  the  date  of  passing  this  resolution,  save  that 
Bango may at any time before such expiry make any offer(s) or enter into any agreement(s) which would or might require shares to be 
allotted or Rights to be granted after such expiry and the Directors may allot shares or grant Rights in pursuance of any such offer(s) or 
agreement(s)  as  if  the  power  and  authority  conferred  by  this  resolution  had  not  expired.  This  resolution  revokes  and  replaces  all 
unexercised  authorities  previously  granted  to  the  Directors  to  allot  shares  or  grant  Rights  but  without  prejudice  to  any  allotment  of 
shares or grant of Rights already made, offered or agreed to be made pursuant to such authorities. 

6.  That  subject  to  and  conditional  upon  the  passing  of  resolution  5  above,  the  directors  be  and  are  hereby  generally  authorised  in 
accordance with section 570 of the Act to allot equity securities (as defined in section 560 of the Act) of the Company for cash as if 
section 561(1) of the Act did not apply to any such allotment, provided that this authority shall be limited to: 

a) 

the  allotment  of  equity  securities  in  connection  with  an  offer  by  way  of  rights  in  favour  of  the  holders  of  equity  securities  in 
proportion (as nearly as may be possible) to the respective number of ordinary shares of £0.20 each held by them, but subject to 
such exclusions or other arrangements as the directors may deem necessary or expedient to deal with fractional entitlements or 
legal or practical problems in respect of overseas holders or otherwise; 

b) 

the allotment of equity securities (otherwise than pursuant to sub-paragraph (a) above) up to a maximum aggregate nominal value 
of £520,473 (being the nominal value of approximately 5 percent. of the issued share capital of Bango), 

and  this  authority  shall  expire  on  the  conclusion  of  the  next  Annual  General  Meeting  of  the  Company  following  the  date  on  which  this 
resolution becomes unconditional or, if earlier, the date 15 months after the date of passing this resolution save that the Company may at 
any time before such expiry make any offer(s) or enter into any agreement(s) which would or might require equity securities to be allotted 
after such expiry and the Directors may allot equity securities pursuant to any such offer(s) or agreement(s) as if the power and authority 
conferred  by  this  resolution  had  not  expired.  This  resolution  revokes  and  replaces  all  unexercised  authorities  previously  granted  to  the 
Directors  to  allot  equity  securities  but  without  prejudice  to  any  allotment  of  equity  securities  already  made,  offered  or  agreed  to  be  made 
pursuant to such authorities.  

By order of the Board, 

Company Secretary, Henry Goldstein 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
51 Notice of Annual General Meeting  

Notes: 

1.  At  the  date  of  this  notice,  52,047,316  ordinary  shares  of  £0.20  each  and  the  total  number  of  voting  rights  was 

52,047,316. 

2.  Only holders of Ordinary Shares are entitled to attend and vote at this meeting. A member entitled to attend and vote at 

the meeting is entitled to appoint another person as his proxy to exercise all or any of his rights to attend and to speak and 
vote at the meeting and at any adjournment of it. Such a member may appoint more than one proxy in relation to the 
meeting, provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise the rights attached to a different share or shares held by that 
member. A member may only appoint a proxy using the procedures set out in these notes and the notes to the proxy form. 
A proxy need not be a member. Completion and return of a form of proxy will not preclude a member from attending and 
voting in person at the meeting or any adjournment of the meeting. 

3.  A form of proxy is provided with this notice and instructions for use are shown on the form. To be effective, the completed 
form of proxy must be deposited at the registered office of Bango, 5 Westbrook Centre, Cambridge, CB4 1YG, by not later 
than 2:00 pm on Monday, 25 May 2015 (or not later than forty-eight hours before the start of any adjournment of the 
meeting) together with, if appropriate, the original power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is signed or a 
notarially certified or office copy of such power of authority. 

4.  A vote withheld option is provided on the form of proxy to enable you to instruct your proxy not to vote on any particular 

resolution, however, it should be noted that a vote withheld in this way is not a ‘vote’ in law and will not be counted in the 
calculation of the proportion of the votes ‘For’ and ‘Against’ a resolution. 

5. 

In order to revoke a proxy appointment you will need to inform Bango by sending a signed hard copy notice clearly stating 
your intention to revoke your proxy appointment to the registered office of Bango, 5 Westbrook Centre, Cambridge, CB4 
1YG, by not later than 2:00 pm on Monday, 25 May 2015 (or not later than 48 hours before the start of any adjournment 
of the meeting) together with, if appropriate, the original power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is 
signed or a notarially certified or office copy of such power of authority. If you attempt to revoke your proxy appointment 
but the revocation is received after the time specified then, unless you attend the meeting in person, your proxy 
appointment will remain valid. 

6.  Bango, pursuant to Regulation 41 of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001, specifies that only those shareholders 
registered in the register of members of Bango at 2:00 pm on Monday, 25 May 2015 shall be entitled to attend and vote at 
this Annual General Meeting in respect of such number of shares registered in their name at that time. Changes to entries 
on the register of members after 2:00 pm on Monday, 25 May 2015 shall be disregarded in determining the rights of any 
person to attend or vote at the meeting. 

7.  Copies of the service agreements of the Executive Directors and the letters of appointment of the Non-Executive Directors 
will be available for inspection during normal business hours from the date of dispatch of this notice until the date of the 
meeting (Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays excepted) at the registered office of Bango and will also be made 
available for inspection at the place of the Annual General Meeting for a period of 15 minutes prior to and during the 
continuance of the meeting. Copies of this notice will be available at the place of the Annual General Meeting at the same 
times, and from the date the notice is posted, on Bango's website 
http://bangoinvestor.wordpress.com/announcements/. 

8.  Except as provided above, members who wish to communicate with Bango in relation to the meeting should do so by 

calling our Company Secretary on +44 20 8678 7273 or +44 77 8577 1717. No other methods of communication will be 
accepted. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Proxy 52 

Form of proxy  

For use at the Annual General Meeting to be held at the offices of Bango, 5 Westbrook Centre, Cambridge, CB4 1YG on 
Wednesday, 27 May 2015 at 2:00 p.m. 

Before completing this form, please read the explanatory notes at the end of this form 

Name of shareholder  _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 

Address __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

Number of shares held  _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 

I/We, being [a] member[s] of Bango PLC (the "Company"), hereby appoint the chairman of the meeting or (see note 3) 

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

as my/our proxy (see note 4) to attend, speak and vote for me/us on my/our behalf at Bango's Annual General Meeting to be held at 2:00 
p.m. on Wednesday, 27 May 2015 and at any adjournment of the meeting. 

I/We have indicated with an 'X' in the appropriate spaces how I/we wish my/our votes to be cast and direct the proxy to vote as indicated. 

If this form is signed and returned without any indication as to how my/our proxy shall vote, my/our proxy may exercise his or her discretion 
as to both how he or she votes (including as to any amendments to the resolutions) and whether or not he or she abstains from voting and 
I/we authorise my/our proxy to vote (or abstain from voting) as he or she thinks fit in relation to any other matter which is put before the 
meeting. 

FOR  

AGAINST 

WITHHELD 

DISCRETIONARY 

RESOLUTION 

(Place X in appropriate box) 

Ordinary business 

1.  To receive and adopt the accounts for the 

year ended 31 December 2014 

2.   To re-elect Mr Anil Malhotra as a 

Director 

3.  To re-elect Mr Rudy Burger as a 

Director 

4.  To re-appoint Grant Thornton UK LLP 

as auditors and authorise the Directors 
to fix the auditors’ remuneration 

Special business 

5.  To authorise the Directors to allot 

shares pursuant to section 551 of the 
Companies Act 2006 (the "Act"), 
subject to the provisions as set out in 
the notice 

6.   In accordance with section 571 of the 
Act, to authorise the Directors to allot 
shares as if section 561(1) of the Act 
did not apply, subject to the provisions 
as set out in the notice 

Signature 

………………………………… 

Date 

………………………………. 

Signature 

…………………………………  

Date 

………………………………. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
53 Form of Proxy  

Notes for completion of the proxy form 

1.  As a member of the Company you are entitled to appoint another person as your proxy to exercise all or any of your rights to 
attend, speak and vote at a general meeting of the Company. You must follow the appointment procedures set out in these 
notes. 

2.  Completion and return of this proxy form will not preclude you from attending the meeting and voting in person. If you have 

appointed a proxy and attend the meeting in person, your proxy appointment will automatically be terminated. 

3.  A  proxy  does  not  need  to  be  a member  of  the Company  but  must  attend  the meeting  to  represent  you.  To  appoint  as  your 
proxy a person other than the chairman of the meeting, insert their full name in the box. If you sign and return this proxy form 
with no name inserted in the box above on page 1, the chairman of the meeting will be deemed to be your proxy. Where you 
appoint as your proxy someone other than the chairman, you are responsible for ensuring that they attend the meeting and are 
aware of your voting intentions. If you wish your proxy to make any comments on your behalf at the meeting, you will need to 
appoint someone other than the chairman and give them the relevant instructions directly. 

4. 

If  you  appoint  a  proxy  to  vote  on  your  behalf  at  this  Annual  General  Meeting,  your  voting  rights  will  revert  to  you  at  the 
conclusion of the Annual General Meeting or any adjournment of the Annual General Meeting. 

5.  You  may  appoint  more  than  one  proxy  provided  each  proxy  is  appointed  to  exercise  rights  attached  to  different  shares.  To 
appoint more than one proxy, please insert the name of each proxy to be appointed in the box above on page 1 and insert in 
brackets after each name the number of shares in respect of which each respective proxy is appointed. 

6.  To direct your proxy how to vote on the resolutions, please indicate how you wish your votes to be cast by placing ‘X’ in the 
appropriate  column.  To  abstain  from  voting  on  a  resolution,  select  the  relevant  "Vote  withheld"  box.  Please  note  that  a  vote 
withheld  is  not  a  vote  in  law,  which  means  that  the  vote  will  not  be  counted  in  the  calculation  of  votes  for  or  against  the 
resolution. If you either select the "Discretionary" option or if no specific direction as to how you wish your vote to be cast is 
given,  your  proxy  may  vote  or  abstain,  at  his  or  her  discretion.  On  any  other  business  which  is  put  before  the  meeting 
(including a motion to adjourn the meeting or to amend a resolution) the proxy will vote (or abstain from voting) at his or her 
discretion. 

7.  To be valid, this proxy form must be:  

a) 

b) 

c) 

completed and signed; 

sent or delivered to the Company Secretary at Bango, 5 Westbrook Centre, Cambridge, CB4 1YG; and 

received by the Company Secretary no later than 2:00 p.m. on Monday, 25 May, 2015. 

8. 

If a member is a company, this proxy form must be executed under its common seal (or such form of execution as has the 
same effect) or executed on its behalf by a duly authorised officer of the company or an attorney for the company. A copy of 
the authorisation of such officer or attorney must be lodged with this proxy form. 

9. 

If this proxy form is executed under a power of attorney or any other authority the original power or authority (or a duly certified 
copy of such power or authority) must be lodged together with this proxy form. 

10.  In the case of joint holders, any one holder may sign the form of proxy but all the names of the joint holders should be stated 
on this proxy form. If more than one of the joint holders purports to appoint a proxy, the appointment submitted by the most 
senior holder will be accepted to the exclusion of the appointment(s) of the other joint holder(s), seniority being determined by 
the  order  in  which  the  names  of  the  joint  holders  stand  in  the  register  of  members  of  the  Company  in  respect  of  the  joint 
holding (the first-named being the most senior). 

11.  If you submit more than one valid proxy appointment in respect of the same shares, the appointment received last before the 

latest time for the receipt of proxies will take precedence. 

12.  Any alterations made to this form should be initialled. 

13.  You may not use any fax number or email address or other electronic address provided in this proxy form or the documents 

accompanying this proxy form to communicate with the Company for any purposes other than those expressly stated. 

If you have any queries completing this form please contact the Company Secretary on telephone number +44 20 8678 7273 or +44 77 
8577 1717. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Explanatory notes 54 

Explanatory notes  

Report and Accounts (Resolution 1) 

The Directors of Bango must present the accounts to the meeting. 

Re-election of Directors (Resolutions 2 and 3) 

The Company’s articles of association require that approximately one third of the Board, and any Director newly appointed since the 
last  AGM,  retire  and  seek  re-election  at  each  annual  general  meeting.  Furthermore  in  line  with  the  Combined  Code  on  Corporate 
Governance,  it  is  the  Company’s  practice  that  any  non-executive  Director  having  been  in  post  for  nine  years  or  more  is  subject  to 
annual re-election.  

At  this  meeting,  Mr  Anil  Malhotra  and  Mr  Rudy  Burger  will  retire  and  stand  for  re-election  as  Directors.  Having  considered  the 
performance  of  and  contribution  made  Mr  Anil  Malhotra  and  Mr  Rudy  Burger,  the  Board  remains  satisfied  that  their  performance 
continues to be effective and to demonstrate commitment to the role and, as such, recommends their re-election. 

Reappointment and remuneration of auditors (Resolution 4) 

Resolution 4 proposes the reappointment of Grant Thornton UK LLP as auditors of the Company and authorises the Directors to set 
the auditors’ remuneration. 

Directors’ authority to allot shares (Resolution 5) 

Directors may only allot shares or grant rights to subscribe for or to convert any security into shares (“Rights”) if authorized to do so by 
shareholders. Such authorization is not required for the grant of options (or the issue of shares on exercise of such options) under an 
employee share scheme. The authority granted at the last Annual General Meeting is due to expire at the conclusion of this year’s 
Annual General Meeting. Accordingly, this resolution seeks to grant a new authority to the Directors to allot shares and/or grant Rights 
and will expire at the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting of Bango (normally in 2016) or, if earlier, on 27 August 2016 
(the  date  which is  15  months  after  the  date  of  passing of  the  resolution).  There  is  no  present  intention  of  exercising  this  authority, 
which  would  give  Directors  authority  to  allot  shares  and/or  grant  Rights  up  to  an  aggregate  nominal  value  of  £3,469,821  which  is 
approximately one-third of Bango’s issued ordinary share capital as at 1 March, 2015.  

Disapplication of pre-emption rights (Resolution 6) 

Under  section  561(1)  of  the  Act,  if  the  Directors  wish  to  allot  equity  securities  (as  defined  in  section  560  of  the  Act)  (other  than 
following  an  exercise  of  options  granted  under  an  employee  share  scheme)  they  must  in  the  first  instance  offer  them  to  existing 
shareholders in proportion to their holdings. There may be occasions, however, when the Directors will need the flexibility to finance 
business opportunities by the issue of shares without a pre-emptive offer to existing shareholders. This cannot be done under the Act 
unless the shareholders have first waived their pre-emption rights. 

Resolution 6 asks the shareholders to do this and, apart from rights issues or any other pre-emptive offer concerning equity securities 
and the grant of share options, the authority will be limited to the issue of equity securities for cash up to a maximum nominal value of 
£520,473  (being  2,602,366  ordinary  shares  of  £0.20  each),  which  is  equivalent  to  approximately  5  per  cent  of  Bango’s  issued 
ordinary share capital as at 1 March, 2015. 

Resolution 6 also seeks a disapplication of the pre-emption rights on a rights issue so as to allow the Directors to make exclusions or 
such other arrangements as may be appropriate to resolve legal or practical problems which, for example, might arise with overseas 
shareholders.  

If resolution 6 is passed, the authority will expire at the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting of Bango (normally in 2015 or, 
if earlier, 27 August, 2016 (the date which is 15 months after the date of passing of the resolution). Shareholders will note that this 
resolution will be proposed as a special resolution. 

Bango PLC Annual Report 2014