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Bezant Resources Plc

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FY2021 Annual Report · Bezant Resources Plc
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Bezant Resources Plc 
(Company Registration Number 02918391) 

Annual Report 

and 

Financial Statements 

For the year ended 31 December 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contents 

Corporate directory 

Chairman’s statement 

Board of directors 

Strategic report 

Directors’ report  

Corporate governance 

Independent auditor’s report 

Consolidated statement of profit and loss 

Consolidated statement of other comprehensive income 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

Company statement of changes in equity 

Consolidated and Company balance sheets 

Consolidated and Company statements of cash flows 

Page 

3 

4 - 5 

6 - 9  

10 - 13 

14 - 22 

23 - 28 

29 - 38 

39 

40 

41 

42 

43 

44 

Notes to the financial statements 

45 - 68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate directory 

Directors: 

Secretary: 

C Bird  
E Kirby   
R Siapno 
R Samtani 
E Slowey 

Executive Chairman 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 
Finance Director 
Technical Director 

York Place Company Secretaries Limited 
Ground Floor 
32 Park Cross Street 
Leeds 
West Yorkshire, LS1 2QH  

Registered office: 

Floor 6, Quadrant House 
4 Thomas More Square 
London, E1W 1YW  

Registered number: 

02918391 (England & Wales) 

Nominated adviser: 

Beaumont Cornish Limited 
Building 3, 566 Chiswick High Road 
London, W4 5YA  

Broker: 

Solicitors: 

Auditors: 

Registrars: 

Bankers: 

Novum Securities Limited 
8-10 Grosvenor Gardens 
London, SW1W 0DH 

Joelson JD LLP 
30 Portland Place 
London, W1B 1LZ 

UHY Hacker Young LLP 
Quadrant House 
4 Thomas More Square 
London, E1W 1YW  

Link Market Services Limited 
34 Beckenham Road 
Beckenham 
Kent, BR3 4TU 

National Westminster Bank Plc 
66 High Street 
Maidenhead 
Berks, SL6 1QA  

National Australia Bank 
Capital Office, Ground Floor 
100 St Georges Terrace 
Perth  
Western Australia 6000 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Statement  
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Dear Shareholder, 

We have made good progress during the year under review with all our projects and the 
Board is of the opinion that we have a strong portfolio of projects in the right commodities 
and the African focus will be good for our ambitions and shareholders.   

During the year under review and currently, the project, which continues to grow and excite 
is the Hope and Gorob copper and gold project in Namibia.  When we acquired the project, 
we had a substantial database that concluded that the project had good copper and gold 
grade and could potentially support a small mining operation for at least 10 years.  We have 
now integrated all the data and carried out further near-surface drilling and believe that the 
project is of significantly more value than previously considered.  A number of conclusions 
were  drawn  by  past  operators,  which  in  fact  turned  out  to  be  extremely  unreliable.    For 
example, the prognosis that little ore existed above 150m, has proved to be invalid and our 
drilling  has  to  date  identified  similar  grades  as  experienced  below  150m,  within  25m  of 
surface.  We have also identified gold in the Gorob section and at this time suspect that a 
separate  gold  horizon  may  exist,  notwithstanding  the  significant  gold  influence  of  copper 
grades. 

We will be submitting a mining licence as previously indicated and intend to test the 17km 
of potential strike to determine just how large a deposit exists.   

The  manganese  project  in  Botswana  has  made  satisfactory  progress  and  after  several 
campaigns, we have identified a suitable target for test drilling.  The intention of the drilling 
programme will be to test for battery grade manganese in sufficient quantities to justify a 
mining development. 

The Mankayan project has now been monetised in the form of an arrangement with a group 
called IDM International Ltd in Australia whose management team has operating experience 
in  the  Philippines  and  has  good  corporate  experience  of  developing  projects.    The 
opportunity exists for development for onward sale or for a dedicated IPO – all of which will 
be considered during the second half of this year.  We have retained 27.5 % of our interest 
in the project and, I look forward to assisting the new owners with their endeavours going 
forward and hope to report a favourable outcome before end of the year. 

Argentina’s  COVID  situation  in  2021  discouraged  prospective  investors  from  visiting 
Argentina  but  now  that  Foreign  Nationals  are  permitted  to  visit  Argentina  the  Company 
intends to focus on securing a joint venture partner and or conducting exploration on the 
Eureka project 

In light of technical and regulatory issues related to the Kalengwa project the Company has 
with the agreement of its partners agreed to pause work on this project pending resolution 
of these issues and accordingly has decided with effect from 31 December 2021 to make a 
full provision against its investment in the Kalengwa project. 

Whilst the world’s stock markets are extremely volatile some major mining companies like 
Glencore are performing extremely well, the converse is the case for the smaller companies 
in  the  resource  sector.    I  believe  this  disconnect  is  an  unusual  phenomena  and  is 
unsustainable.  The demand for all metals have never been so strong and the accompanying 
forecasts suggest that the strength will continue through this decade.   

4 

 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Statement  
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

The board strongly believe that junior resource companies with good mineable deposits will 
be in much demand in the short to midterm and as such we remain committed to our mission, 
with Hope and Gorob leading our endeavours. 

I would like to thank my fellow directors and management for their endeavours through the 
year  under  review  and  their  ongoing  support  in  the  year  to  date.    We  look  forward  to 
enhancing  the  value  of  our  portfolio  during  the  coming  year  and  beyond,  always  being 
responsive to new opportunities that present themselves or that we can engineer. 

Mr Colin Bird 
Executive Chairman 

30 June 2022 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of directors 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Mr Colin Bird (Executive Chairman) (Appointed 2 March 2018) 

Experience and Expertise 
Mr Bird, aged 78, joined the board in March 2018, replacing Mr Ed Nealon as Chairman, 
following  a  review  of  Bezant’s  portfolio  and  a  strategic  investment  in  the  Company 
undertaken in February 2018 by himself as a private individual and also via Tiger Resource 
Finance Plc, of which he is Chairman.  

Colin is a chartered mining engineer with multi commodity mine management experience in 
Africa, Spain, Latin America and the Middle East. He has been the prime mover in a number 
of  public  company  listings  in  the  UK,  Canada  and  South  Africa.  His  most  notable 
achievement  was  founding  Kiwara  Resources  Plc  and  selling  its  prime  asset,  a  copper 
property  in  Northern  Zambia,  to  First  Quantum  Minerals  for  US$260  million  in  November 
2009. 

Other current directorships 
Includes African Pioneer Plc, Bird Leisure and Admin (Pty) Ltd, Braemore Resources Ltd, 
Camel Valley Holdings Inc, Crocus-Serv Resources (Pty) Ltd, Dullstroom Plats (Pty) Ltd , 
Enviro  Mining  Ltd  ,  Enviro  Processing  Ltd,  Enviro  Props  Ltd,  Galagen  (Pty)  Ltd,  Galileo 
Resources  Plc,  Galileo  Resources  South  Africa  (Pty)  Ltd,  Glenover  Phosphate  (Pty)  Ltd, 
Holyrood  Platinum  (Pty)  Ltd,  Kendrick  Resources  Plc,  Kabwe  Operations  Mauritius,  Lion 
Mining Finance Ltd, Maude Mining & Exploration (Pty) Ltd, Mitte Resources Investment Ltd, 
New Age Metals Inc, NewPlats (Tjate) (Pty) Ltd, Newmarket Holdings, Revelo Resources 
Corp,  Sandown  Holdings  ,  Shamrock  Holdings  Inc.,Tiger  Resource  Finance  Plc,  Tjate 
Platinum  Corporation  (Pty)  Ltd,  Umhlanga  Lighthouse  Café  CC,  Windsor  Platinum 
Investments (Pty) Ltd, Windsor SA Pty Ltd ,Virgo Business Solutions (Pty) Ltd and Xtract 
Resources Plc. 

Former directorships in the last 5 years 
1 Tara Bar and Restaurant CC, Add X Trading 810 CC, Afminco (Pty) Ltd, Dialyn Café CC, 
Emanual  Mining  and  Exploration  (Pty)  Ltd,  Europa  Metals  Ltd,  Isigidi  Trading  413  CC, 
Jubilee Metals Group Plc,,Jubilee Smelting & Refining (Pty) Ltd, Jubilee Tailings Treatment 
Company (Pty) Ltd , M.I.T. Ventures Group, Mokopane Mining & Exploration (Pty) Ltd, NDN 
Properties CC, Orogen Gold Plc, Pilanesberg Mining Co (Pty) Ltd, Pioneer Coal (Pty) Ltd, 
PowerAlt (Pty) Ltd, SacOil Holdings Ltd and Sovereign Energy Plc, Thos Begbie Holdings 
(Pty) Ltd) 

Special responsibilities 
Executive  Chairman  of  the  Board/Remuneration  Committee  and  member  of  the  Audit 
Committee. 

Interests in shares and options 
168,125,655 ordinary shares in the capital of the Company. 
5,555,555 warrants with each warrant giving the right to subscribe for a new ordinary share 
at a price of one pence per share which expired on 6 September 2020.  
31,250,000 warrants expiring on 26 June 2022 which give the right to subscribe for ordinary 
shares at a price of 0.16p per share. 
15,625,000 warrants expiring on 14 September 2022 which give the right to subscribe for 
ordinary shares at a price of 0.16p per share. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of directors (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

30,769,231  warrants  expiring  on  4  November  2024  which  give  the  right  to  subscribe  for 
ordinary shares at a price of 0.25p per share. 

The following options over ordinary shares in the Company which all expire 21 June 2028  
15,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.5 pence. 
12,500,000 at an exercise price of 1 pence. 
24,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.425 pence per share. 
24,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.564 pence per share. 

Dr. Evan Kirby (Non-Executive Director) (Appointed 4 December 2008) 

Experience and Expertise 
Dr  Kirby,  aged  71,  is  a  metallurgist  with  over  40  years’  of  international  involvement.  He 
worked  initially  in  South  Africa  for  Impala  Platinum,  Rand  Mines  and  then  Rustenburg 
Platinum Mines. Then in 1992, he moved to Australia to work for Minproc Engineers and 
then Bechtel Corporation. After leaving Bechtel in 2002, he established his own consulting 
company to continue with his ongoing mining project involvement. Evan’s personal “hands 
on”  experience  covers  the  financial,  technical,  engineering  and  environmental  issues 
associated with a wide range of mining and processing projects. 

Other current directorships 
Technical  director  of  Jubilee  Metals  Group  PLC  (Aim  listed),  Non-executive  director  of 
Europa Metals Ltd (listed on AIM and AltX of the JSE) and Kendrick Resources Plc (listed 
on  standard  market  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange)  ,  and  Director  of  private  company, 
Metallurgical Management Services Pty Ltd. 

Former directorships in the last 5 years 
Balma  Resources  Pty  Ltd,  New  Energy  Minerals  Limited  (formerly  Mustang  Resources 
Limited and ASX listed), Nyota Minerals Limited (listed on AIM and ASX), Nyota Minerals 
(UK) Limited and Kefi Minerals (Ethiopia) Limited (formerly named Nyota Minerals (Ethiopia) 
Limited). 

Special responsibilities 
Chairman of the Audit Committee and member of the Remuneration Committee. 

Interests in shares and options 
7,479,374 fully paid ordinary shares in Bezant Resources Plc. 
The following options over ordinary shares in in the Company which all expire 21 June 2028 
5,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.5 pence. 
2,500,000 at an exercise price of 1 pence. 
10,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.425 pence per share. 
10,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.564 pence per share. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of directors (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Mr Ronnie Siapno (Non-Executive Director) (Appointed 25 October 2007) 

Experience and Expertise 
Mr Siapno, aged 58 graduated from the Saint Louis University in the Philippines in 1986 with 
a  Bachelor  of  Science  degree  in  Mining  Engineering  and  is  a  lifetime  member  of  the 
Philippine Society of Mining Engineers. Since graduation, he has held various consulting 
positions  such  as  Mine  Planning  Engineer  to  Benguet  Exploration  Inc.,  Mine  Production 
Engineer to Pacific Chrome International Inc., Exploration Engineer to both Portman Mining 
Philippines  Inc.  and  Phoenix  Resources  Philippines  Inc.  and  Geotechnical  Engineer  to 
Pacific Falkon Philippines Inc. 

Other current directorships 
President of Crescent Mining and Development Corporation and Director of Bezant Holdings 
Inc. Non-Executive President and Director of Cleangrean Solutions, Inc. 

Former directorships in the last 5 years 
Former director of Asean Copper Investment Ltd. 

Special responsibilities 
Remuneration Committee. 

Interests in shares and options 
1,333,334 fully paid ordinary shares in Bezant Resources Plc. 
The following options over ordinary shares in in the Company which all expire 21 June 2028 
7,500,000  at an exercise price of 0.5 pence per share. 
5,000,000 at an exercise price of 1 pence per share. 
5,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.425 pence per share. 
5,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.564 pence per share. 

Mr Raju Samtani (appointed 26 October 2020) 

Experience and Expertise 
Mr. Samtani, aged 53, is an Associate Chartered Management Accountant, and is Finance 
Director  of  the  AIM-listed  Tiger  Royalties  and  Investments  Plc.  Mr.  Samtani’s  previous 
experience includes his position as founder shareholder and Finance Director of Kiwara Plc 
which was acquired by First Quantum Minerals Ltd in January 2010. Earlier in his career he 
spent three years as Group Financial Controller at marketing services agency - WTS Group 
Limited, where he was appointed by the Virgin Group to oversee their investment in the WTS 
Group Ltd. 

Other current directorships 
Tiger Royalties and Investments Plc 
Myning Ventures Ltd 
African Pioneer Plc 

Former directorships in the last 5 years 
None 

Special responsibilities 
Mr. Samtani is the Company’s Finance Director and member of the Audit Committee. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of directors (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Interests in shares and options 
48,611,111 fully paid ordinary shares in Bezant Resources Plc. 
37,500,000 warrants expiring on 26 June 2022 which give the right to subscribe for ordinary 
shares at a price of 0.16p per share. 
The following options over ordinary shares in in the Company which all expire 21 June 2028 
20,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.425 pence per share. 
20,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.564 pence per share. 

Mr Edward Slowey (appointed 26 October 2020) 

Experience and Expertise 
Mr. Slowey, aged 71, holds a BSc degree in Geology from the National University of Ireland 
and is a founder member of The Institute of Geology of Ireland. Mr. Slowey has more than 
40  years'  experience  in  mineral  exploration,  mining  and  project  management  including 
working as a mine geologist at Europe's largest zinc mine in Navan, Ireland and was  
exploration  manager  for  Rio  Tinto  in  Ireland  for  more  than  a  decade,  which  led  to  the 
discovery  of  the  Cavanacaw  gold  deposit.  Mr.  Slowey  is  an  experienced  exploration 
geologist,  having  worked  in  Africa,  Europe,  America  and  the  FSU  and  his  experience 
includes  joint  venture  negotiation,  exploration  programme  planning  and  management  
through to feasibility study implementation for a variety of commodities. As a professional 
consultant,  Mr.  Slowey's  work  has  included  completion  of  CPR's  and  43-101  technical 
reports  for  international  stock  exchange  listings  and  fundraising,  while  also  undertaking 
assignments for the World Bank and European Union bodies. Mr. Slowey has also served 
as director of several private and public companies, including the role of CEO and Technical 
Director at AIM-listed Orogen Gold Plc which discovered the Mutsk gold deposit in Armenia. 

Other current directorships 
Silver Investments Limited 
Galileo Resources plc 
St Vincent Minerals US Inc 
Camel Valley Holdings Inc 
Crocus-Serv Resources Pty Ltd 
Virgo Business Solutions Pty Ltd 
St Vincent Minerals Inc 
Fulcrum Metals Ltd 

Former directorships in the last 5 years 
None 

Special responsibilities 
Mr. Slowey is the Company’s Technical Director with oversight over the Company’s 
projects. 

Interests in shares and options 
Mr Slowey does not currently hold any shares, or warrants in the Company. 
The following options over ordinary shares in in the Company which all expire 21 June 2028 
20,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.425 pence per share. 
20,000,000 at an exercise price of 0.564 pence per share. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Principal activity  
The Company is registered in England and Wales, having been first incorporated on 13 April 
1994 under the Companies Act 1985 with registered number 02918391 as a public company 
limited by shares, in the name of Yieldbid Public Limited Company. On 19 September 1994, 
the Company changed its name to Voss Net Plc, with a second change of name to that of 
Tanzania Gold Plc on 27 September 2006. On 9 July 2007, the Company adopted its current 
name of Bezant Resources Plc. 

The Company was listed on AIM, a market operated by the London Stock Exchange, on 14 
August 1995.  

The  principal  activity  of  the  Group  is  natural  resource  exploration,  development  and 
beneficiation. 

Its FTSE Sector classification is that of Mining and FTSE Sub-sector that of Gold Mining. 

Review of Business and future prospects 
The Chairman’s statement contains a review of 2021 and refers to the Company’s focus on 
its copper and gold asset portfolio. During the coming year the Company intends to focus 
on its projects in Southern Africa where the Company has projects in Namibia, Botswana 
and  Zambia,  its  joint  venture  in  Cyprus,  and  completing  a  joint  venture  transaction  or 
exploring its Argentina project and its investment in the Philippines.  

Principal risks and uncertainties facing the Company 
The  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  facing  the  Company  are  disclosed  in  the  Directors’ 
report on pages 14 to 22. 

Performance of the Company 
The Company is an exploration entity whose assets comprise early-stage projects that are 
not yet at the production stage. Currently, no revenue is generated from such projects. The 
key  performance  indicators  for  the  Company  are  therefore  linked  to  the  achievement  of 
project milestones and the increase in overall enterprise value. 

Directors’ section 172 statement 
The following disclosure describes how the Directors have had regard to the matters set out 
in section 172 and forms the Directors’ statement required under section 414CZA of The 
Companies Act 2006. This new reporting requirement is made in accordance with the new 
corporate governance requirements identified in The Companies (Miscellaneous Reporting) 
Regulations 2018, which apply to company reporting on financial years starting on or after 
1 January 2019.  

The matters set out in section 172(1) (a) to (f) are that a Director must act in the way they 
consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the Company for the 
benefit of its members as a whole, and in doing so have regard (amongst other matters) to:  

a.  the likely consequences of any decision in the long term.  
b.  the interests of the Company’s employees. 
c.  the need to foster the Company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers 

and others;  

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

d.  the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment;  
e.  the  desirability  of  the  Company  maintaining  a  reputation  for  high  standards  of 

business conduct; and  
the need to act fairly between members of the Company.  

f. 

The  analysis  is  divided  into  two  sections,  the  first  to  address  Stakeholder  engagement, 
which  provides  information  on  stakeholders,  issues  and  methods  of  engagement.  The 
second section addresses principal decisions made by the Board and focuses on how the 
regard for stakeholders influenced decision-making.  

Section 1: Stakeholder mapping and engagement activities within the reporting period 
The Company continuously interacts with a variety of stakeholders important to its success, 
such as equity investors, employees, government bodies, local community and professional 
service providers. The Company works within the limitations of what can be disclosed to the 
various  stakeholders  with  regards  to  maintaining  confidentiality  of  market  and/or 
commercially sensitive information. 
Who are the key stakeholder 
groups 

How did Bezant engage with 
the stakeholder group  

Why is it important to engage 
this group of stakeholders 

What 
engagement  

resulted 

from 

the 

Equity investors  

All substantial shareholders 
that own more than 3 per 
cent. of the Company’s 
shares are listed on page 19 
of the Directors’ Report.  

Company is an exploration 
entity whose assets 
comprise early-stage 
projects that are not yet at 
the production stage. 
Currently, no revenue is 
generated from such 
projects. As such, existing 
equity investors and 
potential investment 
partners are important 
stakeholders.  

Employees 
The Company has one part-
time employee and at the 
year-end had five directors 4 
of whom are resident 
outside the U.K. with one 
resident in the U.K.  

As an exploration company 
without a revenue 
generating project access to 
capital is of vital importance 
to the long-term success of 
our business to be able to 
continue developing 
exploration projects and 
cover corporate overheads.  

Through our engagement 
activities, we strive to obtain 
investor buy-in into our 
strategic objectives. 

We are seeking to promote 
an investor base that is 
interested in a long term 
holding in the Company and 
will support the Company in 
achieving its strategic 
objectives. 

The number of and location 
of future employees will be 
dependent upon the 
development of its 
exploration projects which at 
the date of this report are 
situated in Zambia, Namibia, 
Botswana,  Argentina and 
the Philippines. The 
Directors consider workforce 
issues holistically for the 
Group as a whole and the 
Company’s long-term 
success in developing its 
exploration projects will be 
predicated on the 
development of a local 
workforce in the countries of 
its exploration projects. (see 
the principal risk and 
uncertainty starting on page 
20). 

The key mechanisms of 
engagement include 
• The AGM and Annual and 
Interim Reports.  
• Investor roadshows and 
presentations.   
• Access to the Company’s 
brokers and advisers  
• Regular news and project 
updates.  

The Company engaged with 
investors on topics of 
strategy, governance, project 
updates and performance.  

Please see “Relationship 
with shareholders” section of 
the Corporate governance 
report on page 26.  

The Chairman presented on 
a number of investor 
programs but due to Covid-
19 restrictions and chaired 
the 2021 Annual General but 
was not able in 2021 to 
conduct roadshows or one 
on one meetings. 

• The Company maintained 
an open line of 
communication between its, 
professional service 
providers and Board of 
Directors. 
• The Executive Chairman 
reported regularly to the 
Board, including the 
provision of board 
information.  
• There is a formalised 
director induction into the 
Company’s corporate 
governance policies and 
procedures. 

The Board met to discuss 
long term remuneration 
strategy.  
Board reporting has been 
optimised to include sections 
on engagement with local 
communities and prospects 
for future employment. 
Directors trained in aspects 
of corporate policies and 
procedures to engender 
positive corporate culture 
aligned with the Company 
code of conduct. 
Meetings were held with 
directors to provide project 
updates and ongoing 
business objectives.  

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Governmental bodies  
The Group is impacted by 
national, regional and local 
governmental organisations 
in the UK where it is 
incorporated and in 
countries in which it has 
exploration projects which 
includes, Botswana, Cyprus, 
Zambia, Namibia, Argentina 
and the Philippines.  

The Group will only be able 
to develop its exploration 
projects once it receives 
relevant licences and 
permits from local 
governments to explore, 
mine and undertake mineral 
processing. 

The community provides 
social licence to operate. 
We need to engage with the 
local community to build 
trust. Having the 
community’s trust will mean 
it is more likely that any 
fears the community has 
can be assuaged and our 
plans and strategies are 
more likely to be accepted. 
Community engagement will 
inform better decision 
making. 

The Company will in due 
course have a social and 
economic impact on the 
local community and 
surrounding area. The 
Company is committed to 
ensuring sustainable growth 
minimising adverse impacts. 
The Company will engage 
these stakeholders as 
appropriate. 

Our professional service 
providers are fundamental 
to ensuring that the 
Company can complete 
projects on time and budget. 
Using quality professional 
service providers ensures 
that as a business we meet 
the high standards of 
performance that we expect 
of ourselves and those we 
work with. 

Community  
The local community at the 
Company’s exploration 
projects in Botswana, 
Cyprus, Zambia, Namibia, 
Argentina and the 
Philippines and the 
surrounding area.  

Professional service 
providers  
During the exploration 
phase, we will be using key 
professional service 
providers who provide 
drilling, geochemical, 
geological analysis, 
assaying and other services 
under commercial contracts. 

At a local level, we also 
partner with a variety 
smaller 
companies/providers, some 
of whom are independent, 
or family run businesses. 

The Group has given general 
corporate presentations to 
senior federal government 
officials.  

To date, the Group has 
received its requisite 
environmental and land use 
permits to enable its 
exploration activities.  

The Company has systems 
in place to engage with the 
local community as part its 
sustainability initiatives.  

Stakeholder identification 
enables the Company to 
identify representatives of 
stakeholder groups and 
community groups to engage 
with as it develops its 
projects. 

The Group maintained its 
good relations with the 
respective government 
bodies and frequently 
communicates progress. 
• The Group engages with 
the relevant departments of 
the relevant government in 
order to progress the 
operational licences it will 
require 
• The Group engages local 
in-country experts to advise 
it on regulatory matters. 

• The Company identifies 
key stakeholders within the 
local community based on 
work programs within the 
reporting period. 
• Bezant’s modus operandi 
is to have open dialogue 
with the local government 
and community leaders 
regarding project 
development. 
• The Company has existing 
CSR policies and 
management structure at 
corporate level. The 
Company will expand on 
these policies and structures 
at a local project level as the 
Company moves into further 
exploration activities and 
ultimately into construction 
and then production. 

• The Company continues to 
work closely with 
professional service 
providers to meet 
deliverables. 
• One on one meetings and 
regular project and work 
assignment updates with 
professional service 
providers. 

The use of third-party 
exploration services for 
analysis and field operations 
as required rather than the 
Company maintaining its own 
full time in-house exploration 
department and conducting 
its own exploration activities 
in multiple countries with an 
in-house team provides very 
significant cost savings to the 
Company whilst enabling the 
Company to diversify its 
project and jurisdiction risks. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Section 2: Principal decisions by the board post year end 
Principal decisions are defined as both those that have long-term strategic impact and are 
material to the Group, but also those that are significant to key stakeholder groups. In making 
the  following  principal  decisions,  the  Board  considered  the  outcome  from  its  stakeholder 
engagement, the need to maintain a reputation for high standards of business conduct and 
the need to act fairly between the members of the Company. The Company makes regular 
announcements of decisions that strategically impact the Company with decisions during 
the  year  being  reported  in  the  Chairman’s  letter  to  shareholders  (page  4)  and  Directors’ 
report on page 14.  Decisions post the year end are referred to in note 25 to the financial 
statements which is a summary of post balance sheet events. 

On behalf of the Board 

Mr Colin Bird 
Executive Chairman 

30 June 2022  

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report  
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

The Directors present their report together with the audited financial statements of Bezant 
Resources Plc (the “Company”) and its subsidiary undertakings (together, the “Group” or 
“Bezant”) for the year ended 31 December 2021. 

The  principal  activity,  review  of  the  business  and  future  development  disclosures  are 
contained in the Chairman’s Statement on pages 4 to 5 and the Strategic Report on page 
10 to 13.  

Results and dividends 
The Group’s results for the year are set out in the financial statements. The Directors do not 
propose recommending any distribution by way of dividend for the year ended 31 December 
2021. 

Directors 
The following directors have held office during and subsequent to the reporting year: 

Colin Bird  
Ronnie Siapno  
Evan Kirby 
Raju Samtani  
Edward Slowey 

Directors’ interests 
The beneficial and non-beneficial interests of the current directors and related parties in the 
Company’s shares were as follows:  

C. Bird 
E. Kirby 
R. Siapno 
R Samtani 
E Slowey 

Ordinary 
shares of 
0.002p each 
168,125,655 
7,479,374 
1,333,334 
48,611,111 
- 

Percentage 
of issued 
share capital 
3.34% 
0.15% 
0.03% 
0.96% 
- 

Options awarded and warrants 
On 23 August 2018, 87,500,000 options over ordinary shares of 0.002p each in the capital 
of the Company (“Ordinary Shares”) were granted pursuant to the Executive Share Option 
Scheme approved at the Company's Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) held on 22 June 2018 
(the “Options”). Of the 87,500,000 Options, 75,000,000 were awarded to directors of the 
Company as detailed on the next page: 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

C. Bird(1)(2)(3) 
L. Read 
E. Kirby 
R. Siapno 

Options 
exercisable 
at 0.5 pence 
(vested on 
23 August 
2018) 
15,000,000 
15,000,000 
5,000,000 
7,500,000 

Options 
exercisable 
at 1 pence 
(vested on 
31 January 
2019) 
12,500,000 
12,500,000 
2,500,000 
5,000,000 

On  9  November  2020,  220,000,000  options  over  ordinary  shares  of  0.002p  each  in  the 
capital of the Company (“Ordinary Shares”) were granted pursuant to the Executive Share 
Option Scheme approved at the Company's Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) held on 22 
June  2018  (the  “Options”).  Of  the  220,000,000  Options,  158,000,000  were  awarded  to 
directors of the Company as detailed below: 

C. Bird(1)(2)(3) 
E. Kirby 
R. Siapno 
R Samtani(4) 
E Slowey 

Options 
exercisable 
at 0.425 
pence 
(vested on 9 
November 
2020) 
24,000,000 
10,000,000 
5,000,000 
20,000,000 
20,000,000 

Options 
exercisable 
at 0.565 
pence 
(vested on 
31 March 
2021) 
24,000,000 
10,000,000 
5,000,000 
20,000,000 
20,000,000 

1 Colin Bird also has 31,250,000 warrants expiring on 26 June 2022 which give the right to subscribe for ordinary shares at 0.16p per 
share which were issued to him on 26 June 2020 on the same terms as all other participants in the £350,000 Equity fundraising 
announced on 19 June 2020 
2 Colin Bird also has 15,625,000 warrants expiring on 14 September 2022 which give the right to subscribe for ordinary shares at a price 
of 0.16p per share which were issued to him on 14 September 2020 on the same terms as all other participants in the £625,000 Equity 
fundraising announced on 28 August 2020 
3 Colin Bird also has 30,769,231 warrants expiring on 4 November 2024 which give the right to subscribe for ordinary shares at a price 
of 0.25p per share which were issued to him 6 January 2022 in lieu of outstanding fees. 
4 Raju Samtani has 37,500,000 warrants expiring on 26 June 2022 which give the right to subscribe for ordinary shares at a price of 
0.16p per share which were issued to him on 26 June 2020 prior to his appointment as a director of the company, on the same terms as 
all other participants in the £350,000 Equity fundraising announced on 19 June 2020. 

Report on directors’ remuneration and service contracts  
This report has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 6 of Part 15 
of the Companies Act 2006 and describes how the Board has applied the principles of good 
governance relating to Directors’ remuneration set out in the QCA Corporate Governance 
Code.  

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Executive  remuneration  packages  are  prudently  designed  to  attract,  motivate  and  retain 
Directors of the necessary calibre and to reward them for enhancing value to shareholders. 
The  performance  measurement  of  the  Executive  Directors  and  key  members  of  senior 
management and the determination of their annual remuneration packages is undertaken 
by  the  Remuneration  Committee.  The  remuneration  of  Non-Executive  Directors  is 
determined by the Board within limits set out in the Articles of Association.  

Executive Directors are entitled to accept appointments outside the Company providing the 
Board’s permission is sought. 

Aside from the Finance Director whose fees in 2021 were £41,500  the other Directors are 
entitled  to  receive  between  £12,500  /  £19,000  per  annum  as  Directors’  Fees  along  with 
relevant Consulting Fees as applicable, with the aggregate of Salary, Directors’ Fees and 
Consulting Fees detailed in the Directors’ Remuneration Summary Table on the next page 
and in note 22. 

Each  Director  is  also  paid  all  reasonable  expenses  incurred  wholly,  necessarily  and 
exclusively in the proper performance of his duties. 

Pensions 
The Group does not operate a pension scheme and has not paid any contributions to any 
pension scheme for Directors or employees. 

The rest of this page is intentionally left blank 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Directors’ remuneration 
Remuneration of the Directors for the years ended 31 December 2021 and 2020 was as 
follows: 

Directors’ 
Fees 
£ 

Salary and 
Consulting 
Fees 
£ 

2021 

Total 
cash paid 
year 
ended 
£ 

Share 
based 
payment - 
share 
options 
£ 

12,500 
14,226 
13,000 
41,500 
19,000 

50,000 
- 
- 
- 
24,600 

62,500 
14,226 
13,000 
41,500 
43,600 

34,961 
14,567 
7,284 
29,135 
29,135 

Total 
cash and 
share 
based 
£ 

97,461 
28,793 
20,284 
70,635 
72,735 

100,226 

74,600 

174,826 

115,082 

289,908 

Directors’ 
Fees 
£ 

Salary and 
Consulting 
Fees 
£ 

2020 

Total 
cash paid 
year 
ended 
£ 

Share 
based 
payment - 
share 
options 
£ 

14,000 
6,000  
14,821 
13,000 
8,833 
3,500 

49,500 
39,000 
- 
- 
- 
4,950 

63,500 
45,000 
14,821 
13,000 
8,833 
8,450 

82,980 
- 
34,575 
17,287 
69,150 
69,150 

Total 
cash and 
share 
based 
£ 

146,480 
45,000 
49,396 
30,287 
77,983 
77,600 

60,154 

93,450 

153,604 

273,142 

426,746 

C. Bird 
E. Kirby 
R. Siapno 
R. Samtani 
E. Slowey 

Total 

C. Bird 
L. Read  
E. Kirby 
R. Siapno 
R. Samtani 
E. Slowey 

Total 

An  amount  of  £15,000  was  paid  during  2021  (2020:    £15,000)  to  Lion  Mining  Finance 
Limited, a company controlled by C. Bird, for administration services and use of an office. 
Notes: 

1.  Mr Bird and Mr Samtani’s Directors’ fees include NIC and UK payroll tax. 
2. 

In accordance with the requirements of IFRS 2 Share-based Payments, the estimated fair value for the share options granted in 
2020 (£273,142) was calculated using a Black and Scholes option pricing model. None of the 2020 share options have been 
exercised as they are out of the money. In the event that the share options are not exercised or forfeited before expiry, the option 
cost will be credited to the Profit and Loss or if expired will be added back to retained earnings. Note 18 to the accounts provides 
information on Share-based payments. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Environment, Health, Safety and Social Responsibility Policy Statement 
The  Company  adheres  to  the  above  Policy,  whereby  all  operations  are  conducted  in  a 
manner that protects the environment, the health and safety of employees, third parties and 
the entire local communities in general. 

The Company is currently principally involved in exploration projects, located within Zambia, 
Namibia the Philippines and Argentina, Botswana and Cyprus.  

The Company is in the process of renewing its Environmental Impact Assessment approvals 
in respect of its “Eureka Project” in Argentina. 

During the year, current operations were closely managed in order to maintain our policy 
aims,  with  no  matters  of  concern  arising.  There  have  been  no  convictions  in  relation  to 
breaches of any applicable legislation recorded against the Group during the year. 

Substantial & Significant Shareholdings  
The  Company  has  been  notified,  in  accordance  with  DTR  5  of  the  FCA’s  Disclosure 
Guidance  and  Transparency  Rules,  or  is  aware,  of  the  following  interests  in  its  ordinary 
shares  as  at  28  June  2022  of  those  shareholders  with  a  3%  and  above  equity  holding  in  the 
Company based on the Company having 5,039,189,252 ordinary shares in issue on 28 June 2022 
(“28 June 2022 Shares in Issue”). 

Shareholders per share register 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK (NOMINEES) 
BARCLAYS DIRECT INVESTING NOMINEES 
HARGREAVES LANSDOWN (NOMINEES) 
HARGREAVES LANSDOWN (NOMINEES) 
HARGREAVES LANSDOWN (NOMINEES) 
INTERACTIVE INVESTOR SERVICES 
INTERACTIVE INVESTOR SERVICES  
JIM NOMINEES LIMITED  
VIDACOS NOMINEES LIMITED 
VIDACOS NOMINEES LIMITED 

Number of Ordinary 
Shares 
462,277,695 
311,789,048 
180,110,753 
383,820,369 
365,305,939 
352,948,916 
300,261,656 
430,286,776 
167,517,161 
162,262,947 

Percentage of 
issued share 
capital 
9.17% 
6.19% 
3.57% 
7.62% 
7.25% 
7.00% 
5.96% 
8.54% 
3.32% 
3.22% 

On 4 November 2021 Christian Cordier submitted a TR-1 notification to the Company that he has 
an indirect interest in 313,906,504 ordinary shares in relation to the following shareholdings 
Tonehill Pty Ltd acting for the (“aft”) The Tonehill Trust 80,705,492 shares, Coreks Super Pty Ltd 
aft Coreks Superannuation Fund 66,163,350 shares and Breamline Pty Ltd aft Breamline Ministries 
167,037,662 shares. Mr Cordier’s interest represented 6.455% at the date of issue of the TR-1 and 
6.24% based on the 5,039,189,252 shares in issue on 28 June 2022. 

On 22 November 2021 the Company announced it was notified that Sanderson Capital 
Partners Ltd and associates would on 29 November 2021 be interested in 236,469,231 
Shares which represents 4.69% based on the 5,039,189,252 shares in issue on 28 June 
2022. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Political and charitable contributions 
There were no political or charitable contributions made by the Group during the year ended 
31 December 2021 (2020: nil). 

Information to Shareholders - Website 
The  Company  has  its  own  website  (www.bezantresources.com)  for  the  purposes  of 
improving information flow to shareholders, as well as to potential investors. 

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities 
The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable laws and UK adopted International Accounting Standards. Company law requires 
the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and 
fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and of the Company and of the profit or loss of 
the Group for that year. 

In preparing those financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

-  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

-  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

-  state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any 

material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and 

-  prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis, unless it is inappropriate to 

presume that the Group will continue in business. 

The Directors confirm that the financial statements comply with the above requirements. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records which at any time 
disclose with reasonable accuracy the financial position of the Company (and the Group) 
and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  financial  statements  comply  with  the  Companies  Act 
2006. The Directors are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company (and 
the  Group)  and  for  taking  steps  for  the  prevention  and  detection  of  fraud  and  other 
irregularities. 

In  addition,  they  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and 
financial information included on the Company’s website. 

Statement of disclosure to auditor 
So far as all the Directors, at the time of approval of their report, are aware: 

- 

there is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditors are unaware, and 

- 

the Directors have taken all steps that they ought to have taken as Directors in order to 
make  themselves  aware  of  any  relevant  audit  information  and  to  establish  that  the 
Company’s auditors are aware of that information.  

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Auditors 
UHY Hacker Young LLP have expressed their willingness to continue as the auditors of the 
Company, and in accordance with section 489 of the Companies Act 2006, a resolution to 
re-appoint them will be proposed at the Company’s forthcoming Annual General Meeting.  

Principal risks and uncertainties 
The Group has identified the following risks to the ongoing success of the business and has 
taken  various  steps  to  mitigate  these,  the  details  of  which  in  relation  to  its  Continuing 
Operations are as follows:   

Risk of development, construction, mining operations and uninsured risks 
The  Group’s  ability  to  meet  any  production,  timing  and  cost  estimates  for  its  properties 
cannot be assured. Furthermore, the business of mining is subject to a variety of risks such 
as  actual  production  and  costs  varying  from  estimated  future  production,  cash  costs  and 
capital  costs;  revisions  to  mine  plans;  risks  and  hazards  associated  with  mining;  natural 
phenomena;  unexpected  labour  shortages  or  strikes;  delays  in  permitting  and  licensing 
processes;  and  the  timely  completion  of  expansion  projects,  including  land  acquisitions 
required for the expansion of operations from time to time.  Geological grade and product 
value estimations are based on independent resource calculations, studies and historical 
sales records. 

Geological  risk  factors  and  adverse  market  conditions  could  cause  actual  results  to 
materially  deviate  from  estimated  future  production  and  revenue.    Failure  to  achieve 
production or cost estimates or material increases in costs could have an adverse impact 
on the future business, cash flows, profitability, results of operations and financial condition.  
While  steps,  such  as  production  and  mining  planning  are  in  place  to  limit  these  risks, 
occurrences of such incidents do exist and should be noted. 

Currency risk 
The Group reports its financial results and maintains its accounts in Pounds Sterling, the 
currency  in  which  the  Group  primarily  operates.  The  Group’s  operations  in  Namibia, 
Botswana,  Zambia,  Cyprus  and  Argentina  make  it  subject  to  further  foreign  currency 
fluctuations and such fluctuations may materially affect the Group’s financial position and 
results  (see  note  16).  The  Group  does  not  have  any  currency  hedges  in  place  and  is 
exposed to foreign currency movements. 

Copper-gold price volatility 
The profitability going forward of the Group’s operations is significantly affected by changes 
in realisable copper-gold prices. The price of copper-gold can fluctuate widely and is affected 
by  numerous  factors  beyond  the  Group’s  control,  including  demand,  inflation  and 
expectations with respect to the rate of inflation, the strength of the Pound Sterling and of 
other currencies, interest rates, global or regional political or financial events, and production 
and cost levels. The Group does not have any commodity price hedges in place as it is not 
mining  and  does  not  produce  any  copper  and  its  investment  in  exploration  projects  are 
exposed to fluctuations in the prices of underlying commodities.  

Economic, political, judicial, administrative, taxation or other regulatory factors  
The Group’s assets are located in Botswana, Cyprus, Zambia, Namibia, the Philippines and 
Argentina and mineral exploration and mining activities may be affected to varying degrees 
by political stability and government regulations relating to the mining industry  

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Principal risks and uncertainties (continued) 

The Group is exposed to sovereignty risks relating to potential changes of local 
Governments and possible subsequent changes in jurisdiction concerning the 
maintenance or renewal of licences and the equity position permitted to be held in the 
Company’s subsidiaries. Which the group seeks to mitigate by working with local advisors 
and / or partners familiar with the local regulatory environment.   

Loss of critical processes 
The Group’s future mining, processing, development and exploration activities depend on 
the  continuous  availability  of  the  Group’s  operational  infrastructure,  in  addition  to  reliable 
utilities and water supplies and access to roads.  Any failure or unavailability of operational 
infrastructure, for example, through equipment failure or disruption, could adversely affect 
future production output and/or impact exploration and development activities. The group 
would  seek  to  mitigate  this  risk  by  ensuring  that  access  to  operational  infrastructure  is 
included in any pre mining feasibility studies.  

Competition  
The Group competes with numerous other companies and individuals, in the search for and 
acquisition of exploration and development rights on attractive mineral properties and also 
in relation to the future marketing and sale of precious metals. There is no assurance that 
the Group will continue to be able to compete successfully with its competitors in acquiring 
exploration  and  development  rights  on  such  properties  and  also  in  relation  to  the  future 
marketing and sale of precious metals.   

Future funding requirements 
As  referred  to  in  note  1.1  of  these  financial  statements,  the  Group  made  a  loss  from  all 
operations  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2021  after  tax  of  £1,058,000  (2020: 
£1,026,000),  had  negative  cash  flows  from  operations  and  is  currently  not  generating 
revenues.  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  were  £728,000  as  at  31  December  2021.    An 
operating loss is expected in the year subsequent to the date of these accounts and even 
though further funding was raised during the year, the Company will need to raise funding 
to  provide  additional  working  capital  to  finance  its  ongoing  activities.    Management  has 
successfully raised money in the past, but there is no guarantee that adequate funds will be 
available when needed in the future. 

Dependence on key personnel 
The success of the Group is, and will continue to be, to a significant extent, dependent on 
retaining the services of the directors and senior management and the loss of one or more 
could have a materially adverse effect on the Group. A Group-wide share incentive scheme 
has been implemented. 

COVID-19 pandemic 
The COVID-19 pandemic announced by the World Health Organisation in 2020 initially had 
a  markedly  negative  impact  on  global  stock  markets  although  many  sectors  and  stock 
market losses have been recovered there is increased volatility as stock markets react to 
ongoing  news  in  relation  to  the  short-term  and  long-term  impact  of  COVID-19  and  the 
financially implications of the economic stimulus packages adopted by most governments 
to protect and / or support their economies this has also, affected currencies and general 
business activity and supply chains 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Principal risks and uncertainties (continued) 

Notwithstanding this the Company was able to complete and announce in 2020 a fundraising 
of £1,200,000 and secure a £1,000,000 funding facility. The Company developed a work at 
home policy and adopted local procedures for exploration activities to address the health 
and wellbeing of its directors, consultants and contractors, and their families, from COVID-
19.  Whilst  in  many  countries,  including  the  United  Kingdom  with  universal  vaccination 
programmes, COVID-19 appears to be under control the timing and extent of the impact and 
recovery from COVID-19 in other countries is still not certain as many countries particularly 
in  the  developing  world  have  yet  to  fully  implement  successful  vaccination  programs 
accordingly COVID-19 remains an issue that requires ongoing monitoring in 2022 and likely 
at least into 2023 but possibly longer.  

Impact Of Ukraine Conflict 
The Directors are aware of the Ukraine conflict and related sanctions but there is no 
impact on the Company as it has no assets or business activities or suppliers with links in 
Ukraine or Russia and is not aware of any persons sanctioned in relation to the Ukraine 
conflict owning shares in the Company. 

Relations with Shareholders 
The Company will hold an Annual General Meeting on or around Friday, 29 July 2022 and 
the wording of each resolution to be tabled will be set out in a formal Notice of Annual 
General Meeting to be sent to shareholders. 

Shareholders who are unable to attend the Annual General Meeting and who wish to 
appoint a proxy in their place must ensure that their proxy is appointed in accordance with 
the provisions set out in the Notice of Annual General Meeting.  

On behalf of the Board 

Mr Colin Bird 
Executive Chairman 

30 June 2022 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate governance  
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

As an AIM-quoted company, Bezant Resources PLC (“Bezant” or the “Company”) and its 
subsidiaries  are  required  to  apply  a  recognised  corporate  governance  code  and 
demonstrate how the Group complies with such corporate governance code and where it 
departs from it. 

The Directors of the Company have formally taken the decision to apply the QCA Corporate 
Governance Code (the “QCA Code”). The Board recognises the principles of the QCA Code, 
which focus on the creation of medium to long-term value for shareholders without stifling 
the entrepreneurial spirit in which small to medium sized companies, such as Bezant, have 
been created. The Company is committed to providing annual updates on its compliance 
with the QCA Code further details of which are set out below. 

The Board 
The Board comprises (for the time being) five Directors of which three are executive and two 
are non-executives, reflecting a blend of different experience and backgrounds. The Board 
considers Dr. Evan Kirby and Ronnie Siapno to be independent non-executives in terms of 
the QCA guidelines. The Company’s Executive Director is Colin Bird who is also Chairman 
of the Board. Given the stage of the Company’s early-stage exploration mining projects and 
the  experience  of  the  Chair  Mr.  Bird  in  managing  such  international  exploration  mining 
projects  and  his  familiarity  with  the  Company’s  projects  the  Company  believes  that  it  is 
appropriate for the roles of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer to be combined at this 
stage. The Company will keep this under review as the Company’s projects develop with a 
view to splitting the roles when it is clear which projects will become the principal activities 
of the Company and can justify the need for and benefit from a separate CEO. The Company 
will therefore consider making further appropriate appointments to the Board as an when 
considered appropriate. 

The Board is responsible for determining policy and business strategy, setting financial and 
other performance objectives and monitoring achievement. It meets throughout the year and 
all major decisions are taken by the full Board. The Chairman takes responsibility for the 
conduct of the Company and Board meetings and ensures that directors are properly briefed 
to enable full and constructive discussions to take place. The Group’s day-to-day operations 
are  managed  by  the  Executive  Director  Colin  Bird  as  assisted  by  the  Group  Company 
in  respect  of  corporate  matters  generally,  compliance  and  company 
Secretary 
administration. All Directors have access to the Company’s Solicitors, along with the Group 
Company  Secretary  and  any  Director  needing  independent  professional  advice  in  the 
furtherance of his/her duties may obtain this advice at the expense of the Group. However, 
no formal procedure has been agreed with the Board regarding the circumstances in which 
individual directors may take independent professional advice. 

The Board is satisfied that it has a suitable balance between independence on the one hand, 
and  knowledge  of  the  Company  on  the  other,  to  enable  it  to  discharge  its  duties  and 
responsibilities effectively, and that all Directors have adequate time to fulfil their roles. 

Details of the current Directors, biographical details are set out on pages 6 to 9 and their 
roles and background are set out on the Company’s website at www.bezantresources.com 

The role of the Chairman is to provide leadership of the Board and ensure its effectiveness 
on  all  aspects  of  its  remit  to  maintain  control  of  the  Group.  In  addition,  the  Chairman  is 
responsible for the implementation and practice of sound corporate governance.  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate governance (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Under the Company’s Articles of Association, the appointment of all new Directors must be 
approved  by  shareholders  in  a  general  meeting.    In  addition,  one  third  of  Directors  are 
required to retire and to submit themselves for re-election at each Annual General Meeting. 

Application of the QCA Code 
In the spirit of the QCA Code, it is the Board’s task to ensure that the Group is managed for 
the long-term benefit of all shareholders and other stakeholders with effective and efficient 
decision-making. Corporate governance is an important part of that task, reducing risk and 
adding value to the Group. The Board will continue to monitor the governance framework of 
the Group as it grows. 

Bezant is an exploration entity whose assets comprise early-stage projects that are not yet 
at the production stage. It currently has interests in four copper-gold projects, in Namibia, 
Cyprus, Argentina and the Philippines a copper-silver project in Zambia and a manganese 
project in Botswana. Currently, no revenue is generated from such projects. The Company 
seeks to promote long-term value creation for its shareholders by leveraging the technical 
knowledge and experience of its directors and senior management to develop and realise 
value from its projects. The key performance indicators for the Company are therefore linked 
to the achievement of project milestones and the increase in overall enterprise value which 
could be through a combination of the development of these projects by the Company or 
with joint venture or other partners and / or the sale of the projects. 

All operations are conducted in a manner that protects the environment and the health and 
safety of employees, third parties and local communities in general.  Bezant believes that a 
successful  project  is  best  achieved  through  maintaining  close  working  relationships  with 
local communities, such social ideology being at the forefront of all of Bezant’s exploration 
local 
initiatives  via  establishing  and  maintaining  co-operative 
communities, hiring local personnel and using local contractors and suppliers. Where issues 
are raised, the Board takes the matters seriously and, where appropriate, steps are taken 
to ensure that findings are integrated into the Company’s strategy. 

relationships  with 

Careful  attention  is  given  to  ensure  that  all  exploration  activity  is  performed  in  an 
environmentally responsible manner and abides by all relevant mining and environmental 
acts.  Bezant  takes  a  conscientious  role  in  all  of  its  operations  and  is  aware  of  its  social 
responsibility and its environmental duty. 

Both  the  engagement  with  local  communities  and  the  performance  of  all  activities  in  an 
environmentally  and  socially  responsible  way  are  closely  monitored  by  the  Board  which 
ensures that ethical values and behaviours are recognised. 

Corporate Governance Committees 
The  Board  has  established  two  committees  comprising  Non-Executive  Directors  and 
Executive Directors. 
The composition of the committees is as follows: 
Audit 
Dr. Evan Kirby (Chairman)   Colin Bird (Chairman)  
Raju Samtani 
Colin Bird 

Dr. Evan Kirby 
Ronnie Siapno 

Remuneration 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate governance (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

The Audit Committee 
The audit committee receives reports from management and the external auditors relating 
to  the  interim  report  and  the  annual  report  and  financial  statements,  reviews  reporting 
requirements  and  ensures  that  the  maintenance  of  accounting  systems  and  controls  is 
effective.  

The  audit  committee  has  unrestricted  access  to  the  Company’s  auditors.  The  audit 
committee  also  monitors  the  controls  which  are  in  force  and  any  perceived  gaps  in  the 
control environment.  

The Board believes that the current size of the Group does not justify the establishment of 
an independent internal audit department.  

The  Audit  Committee  meets  twice  during  the  year  to  review  the  published  financial 
information, the effectiveness of external audit and internal financial controls including the 
specific matters set out below. 

Significant  issues  considered  by  the  Audit  Committee  during  the  year  have  been  the 
Principal  Risks  and  Uncertainties  and  their  effect  on  the  financial  statements.  The  Audit 
Committee  tracked  the  Principal  Risks  and  Uncertainties  through  the  year  and  kept  in 
contact with the Group’s Management, External Service Providers and Advisers. The Audit 
Committee is satisfied that there has been appropriate focus and challenge on the high-risk 
areas. 

UHY Hacker Young LLP, the current external auditors, have been in office since 2007 which 
was the last time a tender for the audit took place. The external auditors present their annual 
audit findings to the audit committee.  

Remuneration Committee 
The Remuneration Committee determines the scale and structure of the remuneration of the 
executive Directors and approves the granting of options to Directors and senior employees 
and  the  performance  related  conditions  thereof.    The  Remuneration  Committee  also 
recommends  to  the  Board  a  framework  for  rewarding  senior  management,  including 
Executive Directors, bearing in mind the need to attract and retain individuals of the highest 
calibre and with the appropriate experience to make a significant contribution to the Group 
and  ensures  that  the  elements  of  the  remuneration  package  are  competitive  and  help  in 
underpinning the performance-driven culture of the Group. 

The Company does not currently have a separate Nominations Committee, with the entire 
Board  involved  in  the  identification  and  approval  of  Board  members  which  the  Board 
considers  to  be  appropriate  given  the  Company’s  size  and  nature,  but  it  will  continue  to 
monitor the situation as it grows. 

Internal control 
The  Board  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  the  Group’s  system  of  internal 
control.  Internal control systems manage rather than eliminate the risks to which the Group  

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate governance (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

is  exposed  and  such  systems,  by  their  nature,  can  provide  reasonable  but  not  absolute 
assurance  against  misstatement  or  loss.  There  is  a  continuous  process  for  identifying, 
evaluating and managing the significant risks faced by the Group. The key procedures which 
the  Directors  have  established  with  a  view  to  providing  effective  internal  control,  are  as 
follows: 

¨  Identification and control of business risks 

The Board identifies the major business risks faced by the Group and determines the 
appropriate course of action to manage those risks. 

¨  Budgets and business plans 

Each year the Board approves the business plan and annual budget. Performance is 
monitored and relevant action taken throughout the year through the regular reporting 
to the Board of changes to the business forecasts. 

¨  Investment appraisal 

Capital expenditure is controlled by budgetary process and authorisation levels. For 
expenditure beyond specified levels, detailed written proposals have to be submitted 
to the Board. Appropriate due diligence work is carried out if a business or asset is to 
be acquired. 

¨  Annual review and assessment 

In 2018, the Board conducted a detailed review and assessment of the effectiveness 
of the Group’s strategy, a process that is maintained on an ongoing basis. 

Relations with shareholders 
The Board attaches considerable importance to the maintenance of good relationships with 
shareholders. Presentations by the Directors to institutional shareholders and City analysts 
was significantly reduced in 2020 and 2021 due to COVID-19 restrictions but the Company 
participated in various investor focussed podcasts and as COVID-19 restrictions have been 
lifted the Company will with the Company’s advisers look at ways in which the Company can 
engage with shareholders. The Company is also looking forward to its 2022 AGM being one 
at which shareholders are able to attend. 

Departures from the QCA Code: 
In accordance with the requirements of the AIM Rules for Companies, Bezant departs from 
the QCA Code in the following ways: 

Principle 7 - “Evaluate board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, 
seeking continuous improvement.” 
Bezant’s board is extremely focussed on implementing the Company’s strategy. Given the 
size  and  nature  of  Bezant,  the  Board  does  not  consider  it  appropriate  to  have  a  formal 
performance evaluation procedure in place, as described and recommended in Principle 7 
of the QCA Code. The Board will closely monitor the situation as the Group grows. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate governance (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

No Nominations Committee 
The  QCA  Code  states  that  there  should  be  a  nomination  committee  to  deal  with  the 
appointment of both executive and non-executive Directors except in circumstances where 
the Board is small. The Directors consider the size of the current Board to be small and have 
not therefore established a separate nomination committee. The appointment of executive 
and non-executive Directors is currently a matter for the Board as a whole. This position will 
be reviewed should the number of directors increase. 

Chair is also Chief Executive officer 
The QCA Code states that the role of Chair and chief Executive Officer should be separate. 
Given  the  stage  of  the  Company’s  early-stage  exploration  mining  projects  and  the 
experience of the Chair Mr. Bird in managing such international exploration mining projects 
and his familiarity with the Company’s projects the Company believes that it is appropriate 
for  the  roles  of  Chairman  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  to  be  combined  at  this  stage.  The 
Company  will  keep  this  under  review  as  the  Company’s  projects  develop  with  a  view  to 
splitting the roles when it is clear which projects will become the principal activities of the 
Company and can justify the need for  and benefit from a separate CEO. The Company will 
therefore  consider  making  further  appropriate  appointments  to  the  Board  as  an  when 
considered appropriate. 

Going concern 
The Group made a loss from all operations for the year ended 31 December 2021 after tax 
of £948,000 (2020: £1,026,000), had negative cash flows from operations and is currently 
not generating revenues. Cash and cash equivalents were £728,000 as at 31 December 
2021. An operating loss is expected in the year subsequent to the date of these accounts 
and as a result the Company will need to raise funding to provide additional working capital 
to finance its ongoing activities. Management has successfully raised money in the past, but 
there is no guarantee that adequate funds will be available when needed in the future. 

The COVID-19 pandemic announced by the World Health Organisation in 2020 initially had 
a  markedly  negative  impact  on  global  stock  markets  although  many  sectors  and  stock 
market losses have been recovered there is increased volatility as stock markets react to 
ongoing  news  in  relation  to  the  short-term  and  long-term  impact  of  COVID-19  and  the 
financially implications of the economic stimulus packages adopted by most governments 
to protect and / or support their economies this has also, affected currencies and general 
business activity and supply chains 

Notwithstanding this the Company was able to complete and announce in 2020 a fundraising 
of £1,200,000 and secure a £1,000,000 funding facility. The Company developed a work at 
home policy and adopted local procedures for exploration activities to address the health 
and wellbeing of its directors, consultants and contractors, and their families, from COVID-
19.  Whilst  in  many  countries,  including  the  United  Kingdom  with  universal  vaccination 
programmes, COVID-19 appears to be under control the timing and extent of the impact and 
recovery from COVID-19 in other countries is still not certain as many countries particularly 
in  the  developing  world  have  yet  to  fully  implement  successful  vaccination  programs 
accordingly COVID-19 remains an issue that requires ongoing monitoring in 2022 and likely 
at least into 2023 but possibly longer.  

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate governance (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Based on the Board's assessment that the Company will be able to raise additional funds, 
as and when required, to meet its working capital and capital expenditure requirements, the 
Board have concluded that they have a reasonable expectation that the Group can continue  

in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For these reasons, the Group continues 
to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the annual report and financial statements. 

There is a material uncertainty related to the conditions above that may cast significant doubt 
on the Group's ability to continue as a going concern and therefore the Group may be unable 
to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. 

The  financial  report  does  not  include  any  adjustments  relating  to  the  recoverability  and 
classification  of  recorded  asset  amounts  or  liabilities  that  might  be  necessary  should  the 
entity not continue as a going concern. 

Dr. Evan Kirby 
Non-Executive Director 

30 June 2022 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 
TO THE MEMBERS OF BEZANT RESOURCES PLC 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

Opinion 
We have audited the financial statements of Bezant Resources Plc (the ‘Company’) and its 
subsidiaries  (the  ‘Group’)  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2021  which  comprise  the 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Profit  and  Loss,  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Other 
Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated and Company Statements of Changes in Equity, 
the  Consolidated  and  Company  Balance  Sheets,  the  Consolidated  and  Company 
Statements  of  Cash  Flows  and  notes  to  the  financial  statements,  including  significant 
accounting  policies.  The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  the 
preparation  of  the  group’s  and  company’s  financial  statements  is  applicable  law  and  UK 
adopted International Accounting Standards 

In our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of 
the Company’s affairs as at 31 December 2021 and of the Group’s loss for the year 
then ended; 
the financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK adopted 
International Accounting Standards; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of 
the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs 
(UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described 
in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. 
We are independent of the Group and Company in accordance with the ethical requirements 
that  are  relevant  to  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements  in  the  UK,  including  the  FRC’s 
Ethical  Standard  as  applied  to  listed  entities,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence 
we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Material uncertainty relating to going concern 
We draw attention to the Going Concern section of the Accounting Policies of the Group 
financial statements concerning the Group’s and Company’s ability to continue as a going 
concern. The Group incurred an operating loss of £948k during the year ended 31 December 
2021 and is still incurring losses. As discussed in note 1.1, the Company will need to raise 
further funds in order to meet its budgeted operating costs for the foreseeable future. These 
conditions, along with other matters discussed in note 1.1 indicate the existence of a material 
29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
uncertainty  which  may  cast  significant  doubt  about  the  Group’s  and  Company’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include the adjustments (such 
as  impairment  of  assets)  that  would  result  if  the  Group  and  Company  were  unable  to 
continue as a going concern. These conditions, along with other matters discussed in the 
Principal Accounting Policies indicate the existence of a material uncertainty which may cast 
significant doubt about the Group’s and Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  

Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

The risk 
The group currently does not generate any revenue, therefore in order to provide sufficient 
working capital to fund the group commitments as they fall due over the next 12 months the 
group is reliant on further fund raisings in order to fund its ongoing activities.  

We  understand  it  is  the  group’s  intention  to  fund  future  exploration  programmes  by  a 
combination of farm in and/or further fundraising which the group will need to complete in 
the next 12 months. Accordingly the Group will require additional funding and/or a working 
capital  reduction  within  twelve  months  from  the  date  when  the  financial  statements  are 
authorised for issue.  

Given the above factors, we consider going concern to be a significant audit risk area. 

The directors' conclusion of the risks and circumstances described in the Going Concern 
section of the Principal Accounting Policies of the Group financial statements represent a 
material  uncertainty  over  the  ability  of  the  Group  and  Company  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern for a period of at least a year from the date of approval of the financial statements.  
However, clear and full disclosure of the facts and the directors' rationale for the use of the 
going concern basis of preparation, including that there is a related material uncertainty, is 
a key financial statement disclosure and so was the focus of our audit in this area. Auditing 
standards require that to be reported as a key audit matter. 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 
Our audit procedures included: 

•  Assessing the transparency and the completeness and accuracy of the matters covered 
in the going concern disclosure by evaluating management's cash flow projections for 
the next 12 months and the underlying assumptions. 

•  We  obtained  cash  flow  forecasts,  reviewed  the  methodology  behind  these,  ensured 

arithmetically correct and challenged the assumptions. 

•  We performed a sensitivity analysis for an increase in costs to consider the impact of 

inflation and other unforeseen additional costs incurring. 

•  We discussed plans for the Group going forward with management, ensuring these had 
been incorporated into the budgeting and would not have an impact on the going concern 
status of the Group. 

30 

 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key observations:  

It is clear the group will need to raise funds in order to fund any further exploration costs. 
The  Group  has  been  able  to  raise  funds  in  the  past,  however  there  is  no  guarantee  that 
adequate funds will be available when needed in the future 

Our approach to the audit 

As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material 
misstatement  in  the  financial  statements.  In  particular,  we  looked  at  where  the  directors 
made subjective judgements, for example in respect of impairment reviews on exploration 
assets that involved making assumptions and considering future events that are inherently 
uncertain. 

We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed enough work to be able to 
give an opinion on the financial statements as a whole, taking into account an understanding 
of the structure of the Company and the Group, their activities, the accounting processes 
and controls, and the industry in which they operate. Our planned audit testing was directed 
accordingly and was focused on areas where we assessed there to be the highest risk of 
material misstatement. 

Our Group audit scope includes all of the group companies. At the Company level, we also 
tested the consolidation procedures. During the audit we reassessed and re-evaluated audit 
risks and tailored our approach accordingly. 

The  audit  testing  included  substantive  testing  on  significant  transactions,  balances  and 
disclosures,  the  extent  of  which  was  based  on  various  factors  such  as  our  overall 
assessment of the control environment, the effectiveness of controls and the management 
of specific risk. 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the 
planned scope and timing of the audit and significant findings that we identified during the 
course of the audit. 

Other Key Audit Matters 
Key  audit  matters  are  those  matters  that,  in  our  professional  judgment,  were  of  most 
significance  in  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the 
most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we 
identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the 
allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team.  

These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a 
whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on 
these matters. This is not a complete list of all risks identified during our audit.  

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Key audit matter 

How  the  matter  was  addressed  during  the 
audit 

Impairment of exploration and 
the 
evaluation  assets 
Group 

in 

of 

The Group has capitalised costs 
in respect of the Group’s licence 
in  accordance  with 
interests 
for  and 
‘Exploration 
IFRS  6 
Evaluation 
Mineral 
Resources’ 
(IFRS  6).  The 
Directors  need  to  assess  the 
exploration assets for indicators 
of  impairment  and  where  they 
exist to undertake a full review to 
assess the need for impairment 
charge.  This involves significant 
judgements and assumptions. 

therefore 

identified 

We 
the 
impairment  of  exploration  and 
evaluation assets as a key audit 
matter,  which  was  one  of  the 
most  significant  assessed  risks 
of material misstatement. 

Our  audit  work  included,  but  was  not  restricted 
to:  

•  Obtaining each of the licences along with 
supporting  information  available  for  each 
exploration project to assess whether the 
licenses remain in good standing. 

•  We  discussed  each  of  the  licence  areas 
with  the  directors  and  considered  their 
assessment 
the 
available information for each exploration 
project and reviewed available information 
to assess whether the licenses remain in 
good standing. 

in  conjunction  with 

•  We  reviewed  the  future  plans  of  the 
projects in respect of funding, viability and 
development  to  assess  whether  there 
were any indicators of impairment. 

Key observations 
We  obtained  evidence  that  the  licenses  remain 
valid and are in good standing.  Where licenses 
had expired and not been renewed in Botswana, 
these  related  to  areas  which  were  not  ascribed 
any value on acquisition. 

Whilst the limited spending on the Eureka Project 
was  identified  as  an  indicator  of  impairment, 
based  on  a  review  of  the  expiry  dates  of  the 
licences,  potential 
the 
future 
funding  and 
intention 
the  exploration  and 
the  directors’ 
this  asset, 
evaluation  of 
assessment  that  no  impairment  was  required 
was considered to be appropriate. 

to  continue 

impaired 

Management  have 
the  Kalengwa 
Project exploration assets following the decision 
to pause work on the project pending resolution 
to technical and regulatory issues in Zambia. 

The  acquisition  of  the  interests  in  the  Kanye 
Manganese project in Botswana and the Troulli, 
Kokkinapetra  and  Angleside  projects  in  Cyprus 
have  taken  place  during  the  year  and  no 
indicators  of 
in 
impairment  were 
respect of the projects. 

identified 

32 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key audit matter 

How  the  matter  was  addressed  during  the 
audit 

Impairment  of 
investments 
and loans due from subsidiary 
companies 
the  Parent 
in 
Company 

Under  International  Accounting 
Standard  36 
‘Impairment  of 
Assets’, companies are required 
to  assess  whether  there  is  any 
indication  that  an  asset  may  be 
impaired at each reporting date.  

Management 
assessment 
involves  significant  judgements 
and  assumptions  such  as  the 
timing and extent and probability 
of future cash flow.   

the 

The  Company  has  investments 
of  £6.07m  (2020:  £4.52m).  In 
conjunction  with  the  exploration 
assets, 
investments 
represent  the  primary  balance 
on  the  Company  balance  sheet 
and  there  is  a  risk  it  could  be 
impaired  and 
intragroup 
loans may not be recoverable as 
a 
the  subsidiary 
companies incurring losses. 

result  of 

that 

therefore 

identified 

We 
the 
impairment  of  loans  due  from 
subsidiary  companies  as  a  key 
audit  matter  in  the  Company 
financial  statements,  which  was 
the  most  significant 
one  of 
risks  of  material 
assessed 
misstatement. 

Our  audit  work  included,  but  was  not  restricted 
to: 

•  Reviewing  the  investments  balances  for 
indicators  of  impairment  in  accordance 
with IAS 36; 

•  Assessing  the  appropriateness  of  the 
methodology  applied  by  management  in 
their  assessment  of 
the  recoverable 
amount of intragroup loans by comparing 
it to the Group’s accounting policy and IAS 
36; 

•  Assessing  management‘s  evaluation  of 
the  recoverable  amounts  of  intergroup 
loans  including  review  the  impairment 
provisions  and  net  asset  values  of 
components that have intercompany debt; 
•  Checking that intergroup loans have been 
reconciled  and  confirming  that  there  are 
no material differences. 

Key observations 
The  investment  balance  correlates  with  the 
Mankayan Project, Eureka Project, Hope Copper 
Gold  Project,  Kalengwa  Project  and  Kanye 
Manganese Project, held by subsidiaries and the 
joint  arrangement  in  Cyprus.    Our  impairment 
review was therefore linked to our assessment of 
indicators  of  impairment  on  the  corresponding 
exploration assets.   

have 

impaired 

the  KPZ 
Management 
International Ltd investment investment and loan 
balance in full and following the decision to pause 
work on the Kalengwa project pending resolution 
to technical and regulatory issues in Zambia. 

further 

No 
necessary. 

impairments  were  considered 

33 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key audit matter 

How  the  matter  was  addressed  during  the 
audit 

Accounting  and  valuation  in 
relation  to  the  acquisition  of 
100%  of  Metrock  Resources 
Ltd  (and  its  interests  in  the 
Kanye  Manganese  Project  in 
Botswana)  

is  a 

that 
for 

risk 
treatment 

There 
the 
the 
accounting 
acquisitions or the disclosure of 
the 
investment  or  valuation 
could be misstated. 

to 

the  50% 

Accounting  and  valuation  in 
relation 
joint 
venture agreement and option 
Caerus 
with 
agreement 
Mineral Resources 

is  a 

that 
for 

risk 
treatment 

the 
There 
accounting 
the 
acquisitions or the disclosure of 
the 
investment  or  valuation 
could be misstated. 

Our  audit  work  included,  but  was  not  restricted 
to: 

•  Obtaining  and  reviewing  the  agreement 
supporting  the  acquisition  and  agreeing 
and 
the 
consideration 
the 
investments.  

associated  with 

percentage 

investment 

•  Agreeing 

the 

the 
fair 
consideration  issued  for  the  investments 
made.  

value 

of 

•  Reviewing  management’s  assessment  of 
the  valuation  of  the  investments  at  the 
year end. 

•  Ensuring that the investments have been 
appropriately accounted for in accordance 
with IFRS 3 Business Combinations. 

Key observations 
The fair value of the consideration paid exceeds 
the  fair  value  of  the  net  assets  acquired  on  the 
the  difference  has  been 
acquisition  and 
recognised  as  an 
intangible  asset,  being 
Exploration and Evaluation assets.  
We consider the accounting for the acquisition to 
have been carried out appropriately. 

Our  audit  work  included,  but  was  not  restricted 
to: 

•  Obtaining  and  reviewing  the  agreements 
supporting  the  investment  and  agreeing 
the  investment  percentage  and  costs 
associated with the investments.  

•  Reviewing  management’s  assessment  of 
the  valuation  of  the  investments  at  the 
year end. 

•  Ensuring that the investments have been 
appropriately accounted for in accordance 
with IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements. 

Key observations 
This arrangement has currently been treated as 
a  joint  arrangement  based  on  the  contractual 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key audit matter 

How  the  matter  was  addressed  during  the 
audit 

arrangement  gives  both  parties  joint  control  of 
the exploration activities. 

We consider the accounting for the acquisition to 
have been carried out appropriately. 

Our application of materiality 
The  scope  and  focus  of  our  audit  was  influenced  by  our  assessment  and  application  of 
materiality. We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, 
and in evaluating the effect of misstatements on our audit and on the financial statements.  

We  define  financial  statement  materiality  as  the  magnitude  by  which  misstatements, 
including  omissions,  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the  economic  decisions 
taken on the basis of the financial statements by reasonable users.  

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed 
materiality, we use a lower materiality level, performance materiality, to determine the extent 
of  testing  needed.  Importantly,  misstatements  below  these  levels  will  not  necessarily  be 
evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the nature of identified misstatements, 
and  the  particular  circumstances  of  their  occurrence,  when  evaluating  their  effect  on  the 
financial statements as a whole. 

£170,000 (2020: £141,000) 

Materiality Measure  Group  
Overall materiality 
We determined 
materiality for the 
financial statements 
as a whole to be: 
How we determine it  Based on the main key 

indicator, being 2% of the 
net assets of the Group 

Parent 
£170,000 (2020: £112,000) 

exceeded 

2% of net assets of the Parent 
the 
Company 
Group  materiality  amount 
therefore  this  was  capped  at 
Group materiality. 

Rationale for 
benchmarks applied 

We believe the net assets are the most appropriate 
benchmark due to the size and stage of development of 
the Company and Group. This is further supported by 
the Group not yet generating any revenue.  

Performance 
materiality 

£127,500 
On  the  basis  of  our  risk  assessment,  together  with  our 
assessment  of  the  Group’s  control  environment,  our 
judgment  is  that  performance  materiality  for  the  financial 
statements should be 75% of materiality. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Specific materiality    We also determine a lower level of specific materiality 
for certain areas such as directors’ remuneration and 
related party transactions of £2,000 as these are 
considered to be material by nature. 

Reporting threshold 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would 
report to them all misstatements over 5% of Group 
materiality identified during the audit, as well as 
differences below that threshold that, in our view, 
warrant reporting on qualitative grounds.  We also report 
to the Audit Committee on disclosure matters that we 
identified when assessing the overall presentation of the 
financial statements. 

Other information 
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the 
financial statements and our auditors’ report thereon. The directors are responsible for the 
other information contained within the annual report.  Our opinion on the financial statements 
does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in 
our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

Our  responsibility  is  to  read  the  other  information  and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the 
other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge 
obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we 
identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required 
to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements 
themselves.   

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement 
of this other information, we are required to report that fact.  

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial 
year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial 
statements; and 
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with 
applicable legal requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
In  the  light  of  the  knowledge  and  understanding  of  the  Group  and  Company  and  its 
environment  obtained  in  the  course  of  the  audit,  we  have  not  identified  material 
misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  have  nothing  to  report  in  respect  of  the  following  matters  in  relation  to  which  the 
Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

•  adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept  by  the  Company,  or  returns 
adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records 
and returns; or 

• 

•  certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of directors 
As explained more fully in the statement of directors’ responsibilities, set out on page 19, 
the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being 
satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors 
determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s 
and the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters 
related  to  going  concern  and  using  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  unless  the 
directors either intend to liquidate the group or Company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements 
as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue 
an auditor’s report that includes our opinion.  

Reasonable  assurance  is  a  high  level  of  assurance,  but  is  not  a  guarantee  that  an  audit 
conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it 
exists.    Misstatements  can  arise  from  fraud  or  error  and  are  considered  material  if, 
individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations.  
We  design  procedures  in  line  with  our  responsibilities,  outlined  above,  to  detect  material 
misstatements  in  respect  of  irregularities,  including  fraud.    The  extent  to  which  our 
procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

Based on our understanding of the Group and the industry in which it operates, we identified 
that the principal risks of non-compliance with laws and regulations related to exploration 
laws  and  regulations  in  the  countries  the  Group  operates  and  company  law  and  we 
considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial 
statements. We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the 
preparation  of  the  financial  statements  such  as  the  Companies  Act  2006.  We  evaluated 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Profit and Loss 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Notes 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£’000 

CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Group revenue 
Cost of sales 

Gross profit/(loss) 

Operating expenses 
Share based payments 

Operating loss 

Other income 
Impairment of assets 

Loss before taxation 

Taxation 

Loss for the financial year from continuing 
operations 

Loss for the financial year 

Attributable to: 
Owners of the Company 
- Continuing operations  
- Discontinued operations 
Non-controlling interest  

Loss per share (pence) 
Basic loss per share from continuing operations  
Diluted loss per share from continuing operations 

3 
3 

4 

5 

6 

7 
7 

- 
- 

- 

(788) 
(160) 

(948) 

- 
(110) 

- 
- 

- 

(658) 
(380) 

(1,038) 

12 
- 

(1,058) 

(1,026) 

- 

- 

(1,058) 

(1,026) 

(1,058) 

(1,026) 

(1,058) 
(1,058) 
- 
- 

(1,058) 

(0.02) 
(0.02) 

(977) 
(977) 
- 
(49) 

(1,026) 

(0.05) 
(0.05) 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Other Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Other comprehensive income: 
Loss for the financial year 
Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss: 
Foreign currency reserve movement 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£’000 

(1,058) 

(1,026) 

(40) 

(1) 

Total comprehensive loss for the financial year 

(1,098) 

(1,027) 

Attributable to: 
Owners of the Company 
Non-controlling interest  

(1,098) 
- 

(1,098) 

(978) 

(49)      

(1,027) 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Year ended 31 December 
2021 
Balance at 1 January 2021 
Current year loss 
Foreign currency reserve 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 
Proceeds from shares issued 
Share issue costs 
Shares issued - Acquisitions 
Shares issued – Acquisitions 
(2020)2 
Shares issued – Legal fees 
Warrants issued to 
shareholders 
Warrants exercised 
Share options granted 

Balance at 31 December 
2021 

Year ended 31 December 
2020 
Balance at 1 January 2020 
Current year loss 
Foreign currency reserve 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 
Proceeds from shares issued 
Share issue costs 
Shares issued - Acquisitions 
Warrants issued to 
shareholders 
Warrants exercised 
Share options granted 
Non-controlling interests on 
acquisition of subsidiary 

Balance at 31 December 
2020 

Share 
Capital 
£’000 

Share 
Premium 
£’000 

Other 
Reserves1 
£’000 

Retained 
Losses 
£’000 

Non 
Controlling 
interest 
£’000 

Total  
Equity 
£’000 

2,049  
- 
- 

39,125  
- 
- 

1,523  
- 
(40) 

(35,674) 
(1,058) 
- 

(12)    
-    
-    

7,011  
(1,058) 
(40) 

- 
18  
- 
6 

- 
1 

- 
2 
- 

- 
1,182  
(144) 
44 

(1,120) 
71 

- 
145 
- 

(40) 
- 
- 
711 

1,120 
- 

(1,058) 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

300  
(50)    
217  

(270) 
50 
- 

-    
- 
- 
- 

(1,098) 
1,200  
(144) 
761 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
72 

30    

147 
217  

2,076  

39,301  

3,781  

(36,952) 

(12)    

8,196  

Share 
Capital 
£’000 

Share 
Premium 
£’000 

Other 
Reserves1 
£’000 

Retained 
Losses 
£’000 

Non 
Controlling 
interest 
£’000 

Total  
Equity 
£’000 

2,003  
- 
- 

36,429  
- 
- 

840  
- 
(1) 

(34,489) 
(977) 
- 

-    
(49)    
-    

4,783  
(1,026) 
(1) 

- 
24  
- 
12 

- 
10 
- 

- 

- 
951  
(105) 
1,120 

- 
730 
- 

- 

(1) 
- 
- 
- 

486  
(243)    
441  

(977) 
- 
- 
- 

(451) 
243 
- 

(49)    
- 
- 
- 

(1,027) 
975  
(105) 
1,132 

- 
- 
- 

35    

740 
441  

- 

- 

37 

37 

2,049  

39,125  

1,523  

(35,674) 

(12)    

7,011  

1 Other reserves is made up of the share-based payment and foreign exchange reserve. 
2 Share premium on acquisitions during the year to 31 December 2020 have been reclassified to merger 
reserves during the year. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Year ended 31 December 2021 
Balance at 1 January 2021 
Current year loss 

Total comprehensive loss for the year 
Proceeds from shares issued 
Share issue costs 
Shares issued - Acquisitions 
Shares issued – Acquisitions (2020)2 
Share Issued – Legal fees 
Warrants issued to shareholders 
Warrants exercised 
Share options granted 
Balance at 31 December 2021 

Year ended 31 December 2020 
Balance at 1 January 2020 
Current year loss 

Share 
Capital 
£’000 

Share 
Premium 
£’000 

Other 
Reserves1 
£’000 

Retained 
Losses 
£’000 

Total  
Equity 
£’000 

2,049  
- 

39,125  
- 

1,000  
- 

(33,818) 
(1,211) 

8,356  
(1,211) 

- 
18  
- 
6 
- 
1 
- 
2 
- 
2,076  

- 
1,182  
(144) 
44 
(1,120) 
71 
- 
145 
- 
39,303  

- 
- 
- 
711 
1,120 
- 
300  
(50) 
217  
3,298  

(1,211) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(270) 
50 
- 
(35,249) 

(1,211) 
1,200  
(144) 
761 
- 
72 
30    

147 
217  
9,428  

Share 
Capital 
£’000 

Share 
Premium 
£’000 

Other 
Reserves1 
£’000 

Retained 
Losses 
£’000 

Total  
Equity 
£’000 

2,003  
- 

36,429  
- 

316  
- 

(32,732) 
(878) 

6,016  
(878) 

Total comprehensive loss for the year 
Proceeds from shares issued 
Share issue costs 
Shares issued - Acquisitions 
Warrants issued to shareholders 
Warrants exercised 
Share options granted 
Balance at 31 December 2020 

- 
24  
- 
12 
- 
10 
- 
2,049  

- 
951  
(105) 
1,120 
- 
730 
- 
39,125  

- 
- 
- 
- 
486  
(243) 
441  
1,000  

(878) 
- 
- 
- 
(451) 
243 
- 
(33,818) 

(878) 
975  
(105) 
1,132 

35    

740 
441  
8,356  

1 Other reserves is made up of the share-based payment, foreign exchange and merger reserve. 
2 Share premium on acquisitions during the year to 31 December 2020 have been reclassified to merger 
reserves during the year. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated and Company Balance Sheets 
As at 31 December 2021 

Notes 

Consolidated 
2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

Company 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

10 
11 
13 

14 

15 

17 
17 

ASSETS 

Non-current assets 
Plant and equipment 
Investments 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

TOTAL ASSETS 

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Total current liabilities 

NET ASSETS 

EQUITY  
Share capital 
Share premium  
Share-based payment reserve 
Foreign exchange reserve 
Merger reserve 
Retained losses 

Non-controlling interests 

TOTAL EQUITY 

2  
49    

7,900  
7,951  

48  
728 
776  
776  

3  
-    

6,405  
6,408  

28  
1,128 
1,156  
1,156  

-  
6,066 
3,129  
9,195  

26  
710  
736  
736  

-  
4,516  
3,129  
7,645  

16  
1,094  
1,110  
1,110  

8,727  

7,564  

9,931  

8,755  

531  
531  

553  
553  

503  
503  

399  
399  

8,196 

7,011 

9,428  

8,356  

2,076  
39,303  
1,325  
625  
1,831 
(36,952) 
8,208 
(12) 

2,049  
39,125  
858  
665  
- 
(35,674) 
7,023 
(12) 

2,076  
39,303  
1,325  
142  
1,831 
(35,249) 
9,428 
- 

2,049  
39,125  
858  
142  
- 
(33,818) 
8,356 
- 

8,196  

7,011  

9,428 

8,356  

In accordance with the provisions of Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Parent Company has not presented a 
separate  income  statement.  A  loss  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2021  of  £1,211,000  (2020:  £878,000)  has  been 
included in the consolidated income statement. 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 30 June 2022 and signed on its behalf by: 

Mr Colin Bird 
Executive Chairman 

Company Registration No. 02918391 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated and Company Statements of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Consolidated 
Year 
ended 31 
December 
2021 
£’000 

Year 
ended 31 
December 
2020 
£’000 

Company 
Year 
ended 31 
December 
2021 
£’000 

Year 
ended 31 
December 
2020 
£’000 

Notes 

Net cash outflow from operating activities 

20 

 (837) 

 (576) 

 (507) 

 (407) 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Proceeds from sale of PP&E 
Deferred exploration expenditure 
Investment in subsidiary 
Loans to subsidiaries 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares 

- 
(801) 
- 
- 
(801) 

12 
(271) 
- 
- 
(259) 

- 
- 
(345)  
(766) 
 (1,111) 

- 
- 
(245)  
(227) 
 (472) 

21 

1,235  

1,644  

1,235  

1,644  

(Decrease)/increase in cash 

(403) 

809 

(383) 

765 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of 
year 
Foreign exchange movement 

1,128 
3 

330 
(11) 

1,094 
(1) 

329 
- 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

728  

1,128  

710  

1,094  

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

General information 
Bezant Resources Plc (the “Company”) is a company incorporated in England and Wales. The address of 
its registered office and principal place of business is disclosed in the corporate directory. The Company is 
quoted on the AIM Market (“AIM”) of the London Stock Exchange and has the TIDM code of BZT.  Information 
required  by  AIM  Rule 26  is  available  in  the  section  of  the  Group’s  website  with  that  heading  at 
www.bezantresources.com. 

1. 

Accounting policies 

1.1 

Accounting policies 
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out 
below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise 
stated below. 

Going concern basis of accounting 
The  Group  made  a  loss  from  all  operations  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2021  after  tax  of 
£1,058,000  (2020:  £1,026,000),  had  negative  cash  flows  from  operations  and  is  currently  not 
generating  revenues.  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  were  £728,000  as  at  31  December  2021.  An 
operating loss is expected in the year subsequent to the date of these accounts and as a result the 
Company  will  need  to  raise  funding  to  provide  additional  working  capital  to  finance  its  ongoing 
activities. Management has successfully raised money in the past, but there is no guarantee that 
adequate funds will be available when needed in the future. 

The  COVID-19  pandemic  announced  by  the  World  Health  Organisation  in  2020  initially  had  a 
markedly negative impact on global stock markets although many sectors and stock market losses 
have been recovered there is increased volatility as stock markets react to ongoing news in relation 
to the short-term and long-term impact of COVID-19 and the financially implications of the economic 
stimulus packages adopted by most governments to protect and / or support their economies this 
has also, affected currencies and general business activity and supply chains 

Notwithstanding  this  the  Company  was  able  to  complete  and  announce  in  2020  a  fundraising  of 
£1,200,000 and secure a £1,000,000 funding facility. The Company developed a work at home policy 
and  adopted  local  procedures  for  exploration  activities  to  address  the  health  and  wellbeing  of  its 
directors, consultants and contractors, and their families, from COVID-19. Whilst in many countries, 
including  the  United  Kingdom  with  universal  vaccination  programmes,  COVID-19  appears  to  be 
under control the timing and extent of the impact and recovery from COVID-19 in other countries is 
still not certain as many countries particularly in the developing world have yet to fully implement 
successful  vaccination  programs  accordingly  COVID-19  remains  an  issue  that  requires  ongoing 
monitoring in 2022 and likely at least into 2023 but possibly longer.  

Based on the Board's assessment that the Company will be able to raise additional funds, as and 
when  required,  to  meet  its  working  capital  and  capital  expenditure  requirements,  the  Board  have 
concluded  that  they  have  a  reasonable  expectation  that  the  Group  can  continue  in  operational 
existence  for  the  foreseeable  future.  For  these  reasons  the  Group  continues  to  adopt  the  going 
concern basis in preparing the annual report and financial statements. 

There is a material uncertainty related to the conditions above that may cast significant doubt on the 
Group's ability to continue as a going concern and therefore the Group may be unable to realise its 
assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. 

The financial report does not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification 
of recorded asset amounts or liabilities that might be necessary should the entity not continue as a 
going concern. 

Basis of preparation 
The  financial  information,  which  incorporates  the  financial  information  of  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiary undertakings (the “Group”), has been prepared using the historical cost convention and 
in accordance with UK adopted International Accounting Standards  including IFRS 6 ‘Exploration 
for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources’.    

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

1.1 

Accounting policies (continued) 

Basis of consolidation 
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and its 
subsidiary  undertakings  and  have  been  prepared  using  the  principles  of  acquisition  accounting, 
which includes the results of the subsidiaries from their dates of acquisition. 

All intra-group transactions, income, expenses and balances are eliminated fully on consolidation. 

A  subsidiary  undertaking  is  excluded  from  the  consolidation  where  the  interest  in  the  subsidiary 
undertaking is held exclusively with a view to subsequent resale and the subsidiary undertaking has 
not previously been consolidated in the consolidated accounts prepared by the parent undertaking. 

Business combination 
On acquisition, the assets and liabilities and contingent liabilities of a subsidiary are measured at 
their fair values at the date of acquisition. Any excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair values 
of  the  identifiable  net  assets  acquired  is  recognised  as  goodwill.  Any  deficiency  of  the  cost  of 
acquisition below the fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired (i.e. discount on acquisition) 
is credited to profit and loss in the year of acquisition. The interest of non-controlling shareholders is 
stated  at  the  minority’s  proportion  of  the  fair  values  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  recognised. 
Subsequently, any losses applicable to the non-controlling interest in excess of the non-controlling 
interest are allocated against the interests of the parent.   

New IFRS standards and interpretations  
At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, the company has not early adopted the 
following amendments to Standards and Interpretations that have been issued but are not yet 
effective: 

Standard or Interpretation  

Narrow scope amendments to IFRS 3, IAS 16 and IAS 37  
Annual improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020  
Amendments to IAS 1: Classification of Liabilities as Current or 
Non-Current  

Effective for annual periods 
commencing on or after 
1 January 2022 
1 January 2022 
1 January 2023 

Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2: 
Disclosure of Accounting Policies  

1 January 2023 

Amendments to IAS 8: Definition of Accounting Estimates  

1 January 2023 

Amendments to IAS 12: Deferred Tax Related to Assets and 
Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction.  

1 January 2023  

As yet, none of these have been endorsed for use in the UK and will not be adopted until such time 
as endorsement is confirmed. The directors do not expect any material impact as a result of adopting 
the standards and amendments listed above in the financial year they become effective. 

1.2 

Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions 
The carrying amounts of certain assets and liabilities are often determined based on estimates and 
assumptions  of  future  events.  The  key  estimates  and  assumptions  that  have  a  significant  risk  of 
causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of certain assets and liabilities within the next 
annual reporting year are: 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

1.2 

Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (continued) 
Share-based payment transactions: 
The  Group  measures  the  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  with  directors,  consultants  and 
employees  by  reference  to  the  fair  value  of  the  equity  instruments  at  the  date  at  which  they  are 
granted. The fair value is determined by using a Black and Scholes model which takes into account 
expected share volatility, strike price, term of the option and the dividend policy.   

Impairment of investments, options and deferred exploration expenditure: 
The  Group  determines  whether  investments  (including  those  acquired  during  the  period),  options 
and  deferred  exploration  expenditure  are  impaired  when  indicators,  based  on  facts  and 
circumstances,  suggest  that  the  carrying  amount  may  exceed  its  recoverable  amount.  Such 
indicators include the point at which a determination is made as to whether or not commercial mining 
reserves exist in the subsidiary or associate in which the investment is held or whether exploration 
expenditure  capitalised  is  recoverable  by  way  of  future  exploitation  or  sale,  obviously  pending 
completion of the exploration activities associated with any specific project in each segment. 

Fair value of assets and liabilities acquired on acquisition of subsidiaries 
The Group determines the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired on acquisition of subsidiaries 
by reference to the carrying value at the date of acquisition and by reference to exploration activities 
undertaken and/or information that the Directors become aware of post acquisition (note 12). 

1.3 

1.4 

Interest income 
Interest revenue is recognised on a time proportionate basis that takes into account the effective 
yield on the financial asset. 

Share-based payments 
The Company offered share-based payments to certain directors and advisers by way of issues of 
share  options,  none  of  which  to  date  have  been  exercised.  The  fair  value  of  these  payments  is 
calculated by the Company using the Black Scholes option pricing model. The expense is recognised 
on a straight-line basis over the year from the date of award to the date of vesting, based on the 
Company’s best estimate of shares that will eventually vest (note 18). 

1.5 

Financial instruments 

Recognition, initial measurement and derecognition  
Financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  are  recognised  when  the  Group  becomes  a  party  to  the 
contractual provisions of the financial instrument, and are measured initially at fair value adjusted by 
transactions costs, except for those carried at fair value through profit or loss, which are measured 
initially  at  fair  value.  Subsequent  measurement  of  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  are 
described below.  

Financial assets are derecognised when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial 
asset  expire,  or  when  the  financial  asset  and  all  substantial  risks  and  rewards  are  transferred.  A 
financial liability is derecognised when it is extinguished, discharged, cancelled or expires.  

Classification and subsequent measurement of financial assets  
Except  for  those  trade  receivables  that  do  not  contain  a  significant  financing  component  and  are 
measured  at  the  transaction  price  in  accordance  with  IFRS  15,  all  financial  assets  are  initially 
measured at fair value adjusted for transaction costs (where applicable). 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

1.5 

Financial instruments (continued) 

Classification and subsequent measurement of financial assets (continued) 

For  the  purpose  of  subsequent  measurement,  financial  assets  other  than  those  designated  and 
effective as hedging instruments are classified into the following categories upon initial recognition:  

• 
• 
• 
• 

amortised cost  
fair value through profit or loss (“FVPL”)  
equity instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”)  
debt instruments at FVOCI 

All income and expenses relating to financial assets that are recognised in profit or loss are 
presented within finance costs, finance income or other financial items, except for expected credit 
losses of trade receivables which is presented within other expenses. 

Classifications are determined by both:  

•  The entities business model for managing the financial asset;  
•  The contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial assets.  

Subsequent measurement financial assets  

Financial assets at amortised cost  
Financial assets are measured at amortised cost if the assets meet the following conditions (and 
are not designated as FVPL):  

• 

• 

they are held within a business model whose objective is to hold the financial assets and 
collect its contractual cash flows  
the  contractual  terms  of  the  financial  assets  give  rise  to  cash  flows  that  are  solely 
payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding  

After initial recognition, these are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 
Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Group’s cash and cash 
equivalents, trade and most other receivables fall into this category of financial instruments. 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVPL)  
Financial assets that are held within a different business model other than ‘hold to collect’ or ‘hold 
to  collect  and  sell’  are  categorised  at  fair  value  through  profit  and  loss.  Further,  irrespective  of 
business model financial assets whose contractual cash flows are not solely payments of principal 
and interest are accounted for at FVPL. All derivative financial instruments fall into this category, 
except for those designated and effective as hedging instruments, for which the hedge accounting 
requirements apply (see below).  

Equity instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (Equity FVOCI)  
Investments  in  equity  instruments  that  are  not  held  for  trading  are  eligible  for  an  irrevocable 
election at inception to be measured at FVOCI. Under Equity FVOCI, subsequent movements in 
fair value are recognised in other comprehensive income and are never reclassified to profit or 
loss. Dividends from these investments continue to be recorded as other income within the profit 
or loss unless the dividend clearly represents return of capital.  

Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (Debt FVOCI)  
Financial assets with contractual cash flows representing solely payments of principal and interest 
and held within a business model of collecting the contractual cash flows and selling the assets 
are accounted for at debt FVOCI.  

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

1.5 

Financial instruments (continued) 
Any gains or losses recognised in OCI will be reclassified to profit or loss upon derecognition of the 
asset. 

IFRS  9’s  impairment  requirements  use  more  forward-looking  information  to  recognize  expected 
credit losses – the ‘expected credit losses (“ECL”) model’.  

The  Group  considers  a  broader  range  of  information  when  assessing  credit  risk  and  measuring 
expected  credit  losses,  including  past  events,  current  conditions,  reasonable  and  supportable 
forecasts that affect the expected collectability of the future cash flows of the instrument.  

In applying this forward-looking approach, a distinction is made between:  

• 

• 

financial instruments that have not deteriorated significantly in credit quality since 
initial recognition or that have low credit risk (‘Stage 1’) and  
financial instruments that have deteriorated significantly in credit quality since initial 
recognition and whose credit risk is not low (‘Stage 2’).  

‘Stage 3’ would cover financial assets that have objective evidence of impairment at the reporting 
date.  

‘12-month expected credit losses’ are recognised for the first category while ‘lifetime expected credit 
losses’ are recognised for the second category.  

Measurement  of  the  expected  credit  losses  is  determined  by  a  probability-weighted  estimate  of 
credit losses over the expected life of the financial instrument. 

Trade and other receivables and contract assets  
The Group makes use of a simplified approach in accounting for trade and other receivables as well 
as contract assets and records the loss allowance at the amount equal to the expected lifetime credit 
losses. In using this practical expedient, the Group uses its historical experience, external indicators 
and forward-looking information to calculate the expected credit losses using a provision matrix.  

Classification and measurement of financial liabilities  

The Group’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables. 

Financial  liabilities  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value,  and,  where  applicable,  adjusted  for 
transaction costs unless the Group designated a financial liability at fair value through profit or loss.  

Subsequently, financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method 
except for derivatives and financial liabilities designated at FVPL, which are carried subsequently at 
fair value with gains or losses recognised in profit or loss (other than derivative financial instruments 
that are designated and effective as hedging instruments).  

All interest-related charges and, if applicable, changes in an instrument’s fair value that are reported 
in profit or loss are included within finance costs or finance income. 

1.6 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash comprises cash at bank and in hand. Cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments 
that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk 
of  changes  in  value.    For  the  purposes  of  the  Cash  Flow  Statement,  cash  and  cash  equivalents 
consist of cash and cash equivalents as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

1.7 

Trade and other receivables 
Trade receivables are recognised and carried at original invoice amount less an allowance for any 
expected credit loss amounts.  

1.8 

Foreign currency transactions and balances 

(i) Functional and presentational currency 
Items included in the Group’s financial statements are measured using Pounds Sterling (“£”), which 
is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Group operates (“the functional 
currency”). The financial statements are presented in Pounds Sterling (“£”), which is the functional 
currency of the Company and is the Group’s presentational currency. 

The individual financial statements of each Group company are presented in the functional currency 
of the primary economic environment in which it operates. 

(ii) Transactions and balances 
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates 
prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the 
settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year end exchange rates of monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the income statement. 

Transactions in the accounts of individual Group companies are recorded at the rate of exchange 
ruling  on  the  date  of  the  transaction.  Monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign 
currencies are translated at the rates ruling at the balance sheet date. All differences are taken to 
the income statement. 

For  the  purpose  of  presenting  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the 
Group’s foreign operations are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. 
Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the year. Exchange 
differences  arising  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  and  transferred  to  the  Group’s 
translation  reserve  within  equity  as  ‘Other  reserves’.  Upon  disposal  of  foreign  operations,  such 
translation  differences  are  derecognised  as  an  income  or  as  expenses  in  the  year  in  which  the 
operation is disposed of in other comprehensive income. 

Taxation 
Current  tax  for  current  and  prior  periods  is,  to  the  extent  unpaid,  recognised  as  a  liability.  If  the 
amount  already  paid  in  respect  of  current  and  prior  periods  exceeds  the  amount  due  for  those 
periods, the excess is recognised as an asset. Deferred tax is provided in full in respect of taxation 
deferred by timing differences between the treatment of certain items for taxation and accounting 
purposes. A deferred tax asset is recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent 
that  it  is  probable  that  taxable  profit  will  be  available  against  which  the  deductible  temporary 
difference  can  be  utilised.  A  deferred  tax  asset  is  not  recognised  when  it  arises  from  the  initial 
recognition  of  an  asset  or  liability  in  a  transaction  at  the  time  of  the  transaction,  affects  neither 
accounting profit nor taxable profit. Deferred tax balances are not discounted. 

Plant and equipment  
Plant  and  equipment  are  stated  at  historical  cost  less  depreciation.  Historical  cost  includes 
expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included 
in the asset's carrying amount, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with 
the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs 
and maintenance are charged to the profit and loss account during the financial year in which they 
are incurred. 

Depreciation on these assets is calculated using the diminishing value method to allocate the cost 
less residual values over their estimated useful lives as follows: 

50 

1.9 

1.10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

1.10 

Plant and equipment (continued) 

Plant and equipment - 33.33% 
Fixtures and fittings - 7.5% 

1.11 

1.12 

The assets' residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate at the balance 
sheet date. 

Impairment of assets 
At each reporting date, the Company reviews the carrying values of its tangible and intangible assets 
to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have been impaired. If such an indication 
exists, the recoverable amount of the asset, being the higher of the asset’s fair value less costs to sell 
and value in use, is compared to the asset’s carrying value. Any excess of the asset’s carrying value 
over its recoverable amount is expensed to the profit and loss account. 

Trade and other payables 
Trade payables and other payables are carried at amortised costs and represent liabilities for goods 
and services provided to the Group prior to the end of the financial year that are unpaid and arise when 
the Group becomes obliged to make future payments in respect of the purchase of these goods and 
services. 

1.13  Exploration, evaluation and development expenditure 

Exploration,  evaluation  and  development  expenditure  incurred  is  accumulated  in  respect  of  each 
identifiable area of interest. These costs are only carried forward to the extent that they are expected 
to be recouped through the successful development of the area or where activities in the area have not 
yet  reached  a  stage  which  permits  reasonable  assessment  of  the  existence  of  economically 
recoverable reserves. Accumulated costs in relation to an abandoned area are written off in full in the 
year  in  which  the  decision  to  abandon  the  area  is  made.  When  production  commences,  the 
accumulated costs for the relevant area of interest are transferred to development assets and amortised 
over the life of the area according to the rate of depletion of the economically recoverable reserves. A 
regular review is undertaken of each area of interest to determine the appropriateness of continuing to 
carry forward costs in relation to that area of interest.  

Costs  of  site  restoration  are  provided  when  an  obligating  event  occurs  from  when  exploration 
commences and are included in the costs of that stage. Site restoration costs include the dismantling 
and removal of mining plant, equipment and building structures, waste removal and rehabilitation of the 
site  in  accordance  with  clauses  of  the  mining  permits.  Such  costs  have  been  determined  using 
estimates of future costs, current legal requirements and technology on a discounted basis.  

Any changes in the estimates for the costs are accounted for on a prospective basis. In determining 
the costs of site restoration, there is uncertainty regarding the nature and extent of the restoration due 
to community expectations and future legislation. Accordingly, the costs have been determined on the 
basis that the restoration will be completed within one year of abandoning the site. 

1.14 

Investments 
Investments  in  subsidiaries,  joint  ventures  and  associated  companies  are  carried  at  cost  less 
accumulated  impairment  losses  in  the  Company’s  balance  sheet.  On  disposal  of  investments  in 
subsidiaries,  joint  ventures  and  associated  companies,  the  difference  between  disposal  proceeds 
and the carrying amounts of the investments are recognised in profit or loss. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

2. 

Segment reporting 
For the purposes of segmental information, the operations of the Group are focused in geographical segments, namely the UK, Argentina, Namibia, Zambia, 
Botswana, Cyprus and the Philippines and comprise one class of business: the exploration, evaluation and development of mineral resources. The UK is used for 
the administration of the Group. 

The Group’s loss before tax arose from its operations in the UK, Argentina, Namibia, Zambia, Botswana, Philippines and Cyprus.   

For the year ended 31 December 2021 

UK  Argentina 
£’000 

£’000 

Philippines 
£’000 

Namibia 
£’000 

Zambia 
£’000 

Botswana 
£’000 

Cyprus 
£’000 

Continuing operations 

Consolidated loss before tax 
Included in the consolidated loss before tax are the 
following income/(expense) items: 
Foreign currency loss 

Total Assets 
Total Liabilities 

(945) 

(87) 

- 

(22) 

845 
(506) 

-   

5,201 
(25) 

-    

49    
-    

(3) 

- 

1,840 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(1) 

- 

792 
- 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

UK  Argentina 
£’000 

£’000 

Philippines 
£’000 

Namibia 
£’000 

Zambia 
£’000 

Botswana 
£’000 

Continuing operations 

Consolidated loss before tax 
Included in the consolidated loss before tax are the 
following income/(expense) items: 
Foreign currency loss 

Total Assets 
Total Liabilities 

(860) 

(53) 

- 

(32) 

(70) 

(11) 

1,117  
(404) 

-    

4,834 
(42) 

-    

 -    
-    

- 

1,405 
(107) 

- 

208 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

Cyprus 
£’000 
- 

- 

- 
- 

Total 
£’000 

(1,036) 

(22) 

8,727 
(531) 

Total 
£’000 

(1,015) 

(11) 

7,564  
(553) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021  

3. 

Operating expenses 

On-going operating expenses 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Share option expense 

4. 

Operating loss 

The Group’s operating loss is stated after charging: 

Parent Company auditor’s remuneration - audit services 
Parent Company auditor’s remuneration - tax services 
Parent Company auditor’s remuneration - other services 
Operating lease - premises 
Foreign exchange loss 

5. 

Impairment of assets 

Impairment loss on loan to associate (1) 
Provision for impairment of investment – Kalengwa Project 
(Zambia) (2) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
 2020 
£’000 

788  
- 
160  

948 

657  
1 
380  

1,038 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
 2020 
£’000 

32 
- 
2 
15 
22 

28 
2 
1 
15 
8 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
 2020 
£’000 

- 

110 

110 

- 

- 

-  

(1) The Mankayan project owned by Crescent Mining and Development Corporation was fully impaired 
in 2016 due to then significant lingering uncertainty concerning the political and tax environment in the 
Philippines. Although the political and tax environment has subsequently improved it was not considered 
prudent in the 2019 accounts to write back any of the provision made in prior years. 

In 2019, the Group sold 80% of its interest in the Mankayan copper-gold project and derecognised its 
investment in its subsidiary, Asean Copper Investments Limited and the loan balances outstanding have 
been fully impaired. 

On 28 April 2021 the Company announced that it had served notice of termination of its transaction 
agreement (the "Transaction Agreement") dated 4 October 2019 with Mining and Minerals Industries 
Holding Pte. Ltd. ("MMIH"), a private company incorporated in Singapore, with respect to the sale of 80 
per  cent.  of  the  Company's  interest  in  the  Mankayan  copper-gold  project  in  the  Philippines  (the 
"Mankayan Project") to MMJV Pte. Ltd. ("MMJV"), a 100 percent subsidiary of MMIH, (the "Transaction") 
as MMIH has not met its Total Funding Commitment as defined in the Transaction Agreement and that 
the Company, would explore and pursue options including the possibility of re-positioning the Mankayan 
project  within  the  Company's  portfolio  of  copper  and  gold  assets  but  in  the  meantime  the  previous 
provisions against the Company’s investment in the Mankayan Project writing it down to Nil have not 
been written back. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021  

5. 

Impairment of assets (continued) 
On 13 September 2021 the Company, entered into a conditional agreement with IDM Mankayan Pty 
Ltd  (“IDM”),  a  company  incorporated  in  Australia,  to  take  the  Mankayan  Project  in  the  Philippines 
forward (the “IDM Agreement”). The IDM Agreement has completed and IDM and now owns 27.5% of 
IDM. The Mankayan project's MPSA was originally issued for a standard 25 year period, which expired 
on 11 November 2021, and as announced by the Company on 18 March 2022 has been renewed for 
a second 25 year term with effect from 12 November 2021. 

(2) In light of technical and regulatory issues related to the Kalengwa project the Company has with the 
agreement of its partners agreed to pause work on this project pending resolution of these issues and 
accordingly  has  decided  with  effect  from  31  December  2021  to  make  a  full  provision  against  its 
investment in the Kalengwa project. 

6. 

Taxation 

UK Corporation tax 
- current year 

Total current tax charge 

Factors affecting the tax charge for the year: 
Loss on ordinary activities before tax 

Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by the 
standard rate of UK corporation tax of 19% (2020: 19%) 
Effects of: 
Non-deductible expenses 
Tax losses (unprovided deferred tax) 

Total tax charge 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 
- 

Year ended 
31 December 
 2020 
£’000 
- 

- 

- 

(1,058) 

(1,026) 

(201) 

(196) 

- 
201 

- 

- 
196 

- 

At  31  December  2021,  the  Group  had  unused  losses  carried  forward  of  £13,825,000  (2020: 
£13,037,000) available for offset against suitable future profits. Most of the losses were sustained in 
the United Kingdom. 

The Group’s deferred tax asset as at 31 December 2021 that arose from these losses has not been 
recognised in respect of such losses due to the uncertainty of future profit streams. The contingent 
deferred  tax  asset,  which  has  been  measured  at  25%,  is  estimated  to  be  £3,456,000  (2020: 
£2,336,000). A net deferred tax asset arising from these losses has not been established as the 
Directors have assessed the likelihood of future profits being available to offset such deferred tax 
assets is uncertain. 

7. 

Loss per share 
The basic and diluted loss per share have been calculated using the loss attributable to equity holders 
of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2021 of £1,058,000 (2020: £977,000) of which 
£1,058,000  (2020:  £977,000)  was  from  Continuing  Operations  and  £nil  (2020: nil)  was  from 
Discontinued Operations.  The basic loss per share was calculated using a weighted average number 
of shares in issue of 4,015,035,915 (2020: 2,046,170,268). 
The diluted loss per share has been calculated using a weighted average number of shares in issue 
and to be issued of 4,813,590,723 (2020: 2,397,420,278). 
The  diluted  loss  per  share  and  the  basic  loss  per  share  are  recorded  as  the  same  amount,  as 
conversion of share options decreases the basic loss per share, thus being anti-dilutive. 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

8. 

Directors’ emoluments 

The Directors’ emoluments of the Group are as follows: 
Wages, salaries, fees and share options 
Refer to page 17 for details of the remuneration of each director. 

9. 

Employee information 

Average number of employees including directors and 
consultants: 
Management and technical 

Salaries (excluding directors’ remuneration) 

10. 

Plant and equipment 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
 2020 
£’000 

290 

427 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 

Year ended 
31 December 
 2020 

5 

5 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 
- 

Year ended 
31 December 
 2020 
£’000 
- 

Plant and equipment 

Cost 
At beginning of year  
Exchange differences 
At end of year  
Depreciation 
At beginning of year  
Charge for the year 
Exchange differences 
At end of year  

Net book value at end of year 

Consolidated 
2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

Company 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

67 
- 
67 

64 
1 
- 
65 

2  

68 
(1) 
67 

64 
1 
(1) 
64 

3  

60 
- 
60 

59 
1 
- 
60 

-  

60 
- 
60 

58 
1 
- 
59 

1  

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

11. 

Investments 

Loan to associate (note 
11.1) 
Impairment provision 
(note 5) 
Investment in associate 
Investment in 
subsidiaries 
Impairment Provision 
(note 5) 
Other Investments 
Loan to subsidiaries 
Provision for subsidiary 
loan recoverability 

Consolidated 
2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

Company 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

211 

211 

124 

3,980 

(211) 

(211) 

(124) 

(3,980) 

49 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

49 
2,978 

(208) 

228 
3,779  

- 
2,077 

- 

- 
3,022  

(760) 

(583) 

49    

-    

6,066  

4,516  

11.1 

The Group’s share of the results of its associate and its assets and liabilities:  

The Mankayan project owned by Crescent Mining and Development Corporation was fully impaired in 
2016 due to then significant lingering uncertainty concerning the political and tax environment in the 
Philippines.  Although  the  political  and  tax  environment  has  subsequently  improved  it  was  not 
considered prudent in the 2019 accounts to write back any of the provision made in prior years. 

Termination  of  Agreement  with  MMIH:  In  2019  the  Company  sold  80%  of  its  interest  in  the 
Mankayan  copper-gold  porphyry  project  in  the  Philippines  to  MMIH  of  Singapore  who  intend  a 
reverse takeover or listing on the Singapore or other suitable exchange.  Post the period end on 28 
April 2021 the Company announced it had served notice of termination of its transaction agreement 
(the "Transaction Agreement") dated 4 October 2019 with Mining and Minerals Industries Holding 
Pte. Ltd. ("MMIH"), a private company incorporated in Singapore, with respect to the sale of 80 per 
cent.  of  the  Company's  interest  in  the  Mankayan  copper-gold  project  in  the  Philippines  (the 
"Mankayan  Project")  to  MMJV  Pte.  Ltd.  ("MMJV"),  a  100  percent  subsidiary  of  MMIH,  (the 
"Transaction") as MMIH has not met its Total Funding Commitment as defined in the Transaction 
Agreement. Bezant, is exploring and pursuing options including the possibility of re-positioning the 
Mankayan project within the Company's portfolio of copper and gold assets.  As mentioned in note 
5 the previous provisions writing the Group investment in the Mankayan Project to Nil have not been 
written back. Due to the termination of the Transaction Agreement the contingent consideration due to 
the Company under the Transaction Agreement of S$10m shares in a ListCo has not been recognised.   

On 13 September 2021 the Company, entered into a conditional agreement with IDM Mankayan Pty 
Ltd (“IDM”), a company incorporated in Australia, to take the Mankayan Project in the Philippines 
forward (the “IDM Agreement”). The IDM Agreement has completed and IDM and now owns 27.5% 
of IDM but has no management control over or right to appoint directors of IDM which is why the 
shareholding is held as an investment at cost. The Mankayan project's MPSA was originally issued 
for  a  standard  25  year  period,  which  expired  on  11 November  2021,  and  as  announced  by  the 
Company  on  18  March  2022  has  been  renewed  for  a  second  25  year  term  with  effect  from  12 
November 2021. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

11.2 

Investments - subsidiary undertakings 

The Company’s significant subsidiary undertakings held as fixed asset investments as at 
31 December 2021 were as follows:  

Country of 
incorporation 

Principal  
Activity 

Percentage of  
ordinary share 
capital held 

Held directly 
Tanzania Gold Limited 
Virgo Resources Limited  
KPZ International Limited 
Hope Copper Gold Investments Ltd 
(BVI) 
Held indirectly 
Anglo Tanzania Gold Limited 

Ireland 
Australia 
BVI 
BVI 

England 

Eureka Mining & Exploration SA 

Argentina 

Puna Metals SA 

Argentina 

Hepburn Resources Pty Ltd 

Australia 

Hope and Gorob Mining Pty Ltd 

Namibia 

Hope Namibia Exploration Pty Ltd 

Namibia 

KPZ Processing Zone Limited 

Zambia 

Metrock Resources Pty Ltd 
Coastal Resources Pty Ltd 

Australia 
Australia 

Coastal Minerals Proprietary Limited  Botswana 

Cypress Sources Proprietary Limited  Botswana 

Holding Company 
Holding Company 
Holding Company 
Holding Company 

Gold and copper 
exploration  
Gold and copper 
exploration  
Gold and copper 
exploration 
Gold and copper 
exploration 
Gold and copper 
exploration 
Gold and copper 
exploration 
Gold and copper 
exploration 
Holding Company 
Gold and copper 
exploration 
Gold and copper 
exploration 
Gold and copper 
exploration 

100% 
100% 
30% 
100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

70% 

80% 

30% 

100% 
100% 

100% 

100% 

12. 

Acquisition of subsidiaries 

12.1 Acquisition of Metrock Resources Limited 
Botswana 
On 12 February 2021 the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of Metrock Resources Pty 
Ltd and its interest in the Kanye Manganese Project. 

The fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired were as follows: 

Consideration 
Equity consideration 

-  Ordinary shares (issued) 
-  Options 
 Cash consideration  

Fair value of assets and liabilities acquired 

Deemed fair value of  
exploration assets acquired 

2021 
£’000 

633 
57 
13  
703 
(171) 

532 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

12. 

Acquisition of subsidiaries (continued) 
12.2  Acquisition of Virgo Resources Pty Ltd 

On 18 February 2021 the Company settled Virgo Resources Pty Ltd creditors by issuing 19,703,703 
shares totalling £44,333. The balance of deferred consideration shares to be issued at 31 December 
2021 is 15,763,889 shares (note 15). 

13. 

Exploration and evaluation assets 

Balance at beginning of year 
Acquisitions during year 
-  Namibia (note 12) 
-  Zambia 
-  Botswana (note 12) 

Exploration expenditure  
Provision for impairment (note 5) 
Exchange differences 
Carried forward  
at end of year 

13.1  Exploration Assets 

Consolidated 
2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

6,405 

- 
- 
532 
1,073 
(110) 
- 

4,778 

1,283 
131 
- 
218 
- 
(5) 

Company 

2021 
£’000 

3,129 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

2020 
£’000 

3,129 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

7,900 

6,405 

3,129  

3,129  

Argentina 
The amount of capitalised exploration and evaluation expenditure relates to 12 licences comprising the 
Eureka Project and are located in north-west Jujuy near to the Argentine border with Bolivia and are 
formally known as Mina Eureka, Mina Eureka II, Mina Gino I, Mina Gino II, Mina Mason I, Mina Mason 
II,  Mina  Julio  I,  Mina  Julio  II,  Mina  Paul  I,  Mina  Paul  II,  Mina  Sur  Eureka  and  Mina  Cabereria  Sur, 
covering, in aggregate, an area in excess of approximately 5,500 hectares and accessible via a series 
of gravel roads. All licences remain valid and in May 2019 the Company obtained a two-year renewal of 
its Environmental Impact. 

Assessment (EIA) approvals in respect of its Mina Eureka, Mina Gino I, Mina Gino II, Mina Mason I, 
Mina Mason II, Mina Julio I, Mina Julio II, Mina Paul I, Mina Paul II, being the 9 northern most licences 
which  are  the  intended  focus  of  a  future  exploration  programme    the  Company  is  in  the  process  of 
applying for the extension of the validity period of the May 2019 EIA approvals. 

Notwithstanding the absence of new exploration activities on-site during the period the directors, given 
their intention post COVID-19 in Argentina to focuss on finding a joint venture partner for the project  
have assessed the value of the intangible asset having considered any indicators of impairment, and 
in their opinion, based on a review of the expiry dates of licences, future expected availability of funds 
to develop the Eureka Project and the intention to continue exploration and evaluation, no impairment 
is necessary. The capitalised cost at 31 December 2021 was £4,776,069. 

Namibia 
On 14 August 2020 the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of Virgo Resources Ltd and its 
interests  in  the  Hope  Copper-Gold  Project  in  Namibia.  On  14  January  2021  and  2  June  2021 
announced  positive  results  in  relation  to  exploration  activities  undertaken  post  acquisition  which 
support the Company’s confidence in the Hope Copper-Gold Project. Post acquisition there have been 
no indications that any impairment provisions are required in relation to the carrying value of the Hope 
Copper-Gold Project. The capitalised cost at 31 December 2021 was £2,120,337. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

13.1  Exploration Assets (continued) 

Zambia 
On 27 April 2020 the Company entered into a binding agreement with KPZ International Limited 
("KPZ  Int")  (the  “KPZ  Agreement”)  in  relation  to  the  acquisition  of  a  30  per  cent.  interest  in  the 
approximate  974  km2  large  scale  exploration  licence  numbered  24401-HQ-LEL  in  the  Kalengwa 
greater  exploration  area  in  The  Republic  of  Zambia  (the  "Licence")  (the  “Kalengwa  Project”)  by 
acquiring  a  30  per  cent.  shareholding  in  KPZ  Int.  Under  the  terms  of  the  KPZ  Agreement  the 
Company  has  the  right  to  appoint  the  majority  of  directors  to  the  Board  of  KPZ  Int  and  has 
operational control of the Kalengwa Project therefore in accordance with   IFRS 10 the Company’s 
investment in KPZ Int has been consolidated.  The Licence is held by Kalengwa Processing Zone 
Ltd  ("KPZ"),  a  100  per  cent.  (less  one  share)  Zambian  subsidiary  of  KPZ  Int,  and  is  for  the 
exploration  of  copper,  cobalt,  silver,  gold  and  certain  other  specified  minerals.  The  Licence  was 
granted on 2 April 2019 and is valid for an initial period up to 1 April 2023. Cash consideration for 
the acquisition was US$250,000 (₤202,493) which was settled on 6 November 2020 by the issue of 
76,923,077  shares  and  costs  of  £23,775.  On  12  April  2021  and  24  April  2021  the  Company 
announced positive results in relation to exploration activities undertaken and on 20 September 2021 
further exploration results and the Company’s intention to undertake a comparative review of recent 
holes and historical holes and to consider further drilling to re-test geophysical targets. Post period 
end in light of technical and regulatory issues related to the Kalengwa project the Company has with 
the agreement of its partners agreed to pause work on this project pending resolution of these issues 
and accordingly has decided with effect from 31 December 2021 to make a full provision against its 
investment in the Kalengwa project.  

Botswana 
On 12 February 2021 the Company further to its announcement on 22 December 2020 announced 
the completion of the acquisition of 100% of Metrock Resources Ltd (“Metrock”) and its manganese 
mineral  exploration  licences  in  Southern  Botswana  comprising  the  Kanye  Manganese  Project  (the 
“Kanye  Manganese  Project”).  The  Kanye  Manganese  Project  i)  comprises  a  4,043  sq  km  land 
package  with  125  km  of  potential  on  trend  manganese  mineralisation  across  the  licences ii)  has 
historical  trenching  results  have  yielded  in  the  case  on  one  prospect  of  between  53%  and  74% 
manganese oxide ("MnO"), and iii) project area is near the ground of a TSX listed public company that 
has a preliminary economic assessment showing high rates of return based on a MnO grade of 27.3.  

On 24 June 2021 the Company announced it had completed reconnaissance mapping, prospecting 
and sampling work on the Kanye Manganese Project and that i)  Up to four historic manganese 
occurrences  were  successfully  located  and  sampled  in  the  field  within  an  8km-belt  ii)  40  grab 
samples  were  obtained  which  assayed  from  traces  up  to  high-grade  results  of  67.18%  MnO 
occurring at the Moshaneng borrow pit and 68.01% MnO at the Mheelo prospect; iii) the Mheelo  
prospect  is  located  just  6km  from  the  Giyani  Metals  K-Hill  manganese  project  where  a  Mineral 
Resource Estimate was complted in march 2022 and an April 2021 PEA indicates an 80% IRR) iv) 
the Company plans to follow-up the main targets with clearance/trenching by mechanical excavator 
to facilitate detailed mapping, prospecting and more systematic sampling ; and confirmed targets 
will be drill tested to define lateral and depth extent of deposits.  

On 31 January 2022 the Company announced the completion of a geological mapping that indicates 
that  the  target  horizon  hosting  high-grade  manganese  may  extend  continuously  for  at  least  4km 
between the Loltware and Moshaneng prospects. 

On 22 March 2022 the Company announced an update of its trenching and soil programme that 
highlighted i) Soil sampling between the Loltware manganese occurrence and the Moshaneng 
Borrow Pit has confirmed a strong, continuous soil anomaly of greater than 2km lateral extent and 
up to 750m wide based on hand-held XRF analyses of sieved soils ii)  Trenching at the Loltware 
prospect intersected zones of in-situ manganese mineralisation based on hand-held XRF analysis of 
one metre channel samples iii) Trench channel samples have been dispatched for full laboratory 
analysis iv)  Based on preliminary evaluation, it appears that Loltware is a distinct manganese sub-
zone, with the larger target located around and southeast of the Borrow Pit and iv) Once trench 
assay samples are received and evaluated preparations will be made for a maiden drill programme 
at the Kanye project. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

13.1  Exploration Assets (continued) 

Note 12.1 provides details of the deemed fair value of the exploration assets of £532,000 arising on 
the  acquisition  of  Metrock.  Post-acquisition  there  have  been  no  indications  that  any  impairment 
provisions are required in relation to the carrying value of the Kanye Manganese Project. 

The capitalised cost at 31 December 2021 was £791,851. 

Cyprus 
On 11 November 2021 the Company announced that on 10 November 2021it had entered into a Joint 
Venture Agreement with Caerus Mineral Resources PLC in relation to three of Caerus’s copper gold 
projects in Cyprus. 

On 15 December 2021 the Company announced the results from initial assay sampling at the Troulli 
Project  that  indicated  the  potential  for  development  of  a  shallow  gold  resource  as  well  as  the 
opportunity to deepen and extend the current open pit to access the sulphides which contain both 
copper and gold. 

On 18 January 2022 the Company announced an update on the JV Projects and the objectives set for 
2022 focussing on the rapid development of the Troulli Mine Project. 
On 24 February the Company announced the results from both dump sampling and drilling for the 
Troulli, Kokkinapetre and Anglisides JV Projects.  

Troulli Project: stockpile sampling average grade of 1.2% Cu; tailings sampling at double projected 
grade; and positive copper and gold mineralisation drill results outside main Troulli deposit area 
Kokkinapetra Project: Drilling of the 1.5km strike length of the Kokkinapetra extension of the Troulli 
deposit returned extremely encouraging drill results including 0.85% Cu eq over 28.10m from surface, 
1.0g/t Au over 10.8m and 0.66% Cu eq over 29.2, also from surface. Ground geophysical survey will 
now be conducted to better define the next round of drill targets. 
Anglsides  Project: Validation  drilling  of  the  Troulli  satellite  project,  Anglisides  returned  equally 
encouraging  results  with  a  peak  intercept  of  1.18%  Cu  eq  over  40m  from  surface. A  more 
comprehensive drilling programme will now be undertaken with the objective of defining a high-grade 
resource that can be processed off-site at the future Troulli plant site. 

On 6 April 2022 the Company announced the results of an independent Initial Resource Estimate: 
At a selected cut-off grade of 0.5% Cu, a hard rock resource estimate of approximately 2.7 million 
tonnes at a Cu equivalent grade of 0.74% CuEq (0.51% Cu and 0.26 g/t Au) has been established. 
A Total Hard Rock Resource Estimate of approximately 4.9 million tonnes at 0.41% Cu and 0.2 g/t Au 
for 20,000 t of Cu metal and 31,000 ounces of Au, from a cut-off grade of 0.26% Cu equivalent. 

On 3 May 2022 the Company announced further drill results from its Troulli JV Project. 

On 8 June 2022 the Company announced further drill results from its Anglisides Licence, a satellite 
project of the Troulli Joint Venture. 

The capitalised cost at 31 December 2021 was £228,307. 

14. 

Trade and other receivables 

Due within one year: 
VAT recoverable 
Other debtors 

Consolidated 
2020 
£’000 

2021 
£’000 

Company 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

19 
29 

48 

10 
18 

28  

19 
7 

26 

10 
6 

16  

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

15. 

Trade and other payables 

Trade creditors 
Directors 
Accruals 
Deferred acquisition costs (note 12) 

16. 

Financial instruments 

Consolidated 
2020 
£’000 

2021 
£’000 

Company 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

113 
135 
240 
43 

531 

229 
50 
148 
126 

553  

85 
135 
240 
43 

503 

75 
50 
148 
126 

399 

(a) Interest rate risk 
As the Group has no borrowings, it is not exposed to interest rate risk on financial liabilities.  The 
Group’s interest rate risk arises from its cash held on short term deposit, which is not significant. 

(b) Net fair value 
The net fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities approximates to their carrying amount 
as disclosed in the balance sheet and in the related notes. 

(c) Foreign currency risk 
The Group undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies, hence exposure to 
exchange  rate  fluctuations  arise.  The  Group  has  not  hedged  against  currency  depreciation  but 
continues to keep the matter under review.   

The carrying amount of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary 
liabilities at the reporting date is as follows: 

US Dollars 
AU Dollars 
AR Pesos 
NA Dollars 

2021 
£’000 

Assets 

2020 
£’000 

Liabilities 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

9  
2  
9  
- 

20 

2  
5  
33  

40 

15  
111  
42  
1 

169 

15  
111  
42  
1 

169 

Sensitivity analysis 
A  10  per  cent  strengthening  of  the  British  Pound  against  the  foreign  currencies  listed  above  at 
31 December would have increased/(decreased) profit or loss by the amounts shown below.  The 
analysis assumes that all other variables remain the same.  The analysis is performed on the same 
basis as at 31 December 2020. 

US Dollars 
AU Dollars 
AR Pesos 

2021 
£’000 

(1) 
- 
1 

2020 
£’000 

(1) 
 11 
  (1) 

A  10  per  cent  weakening  of  the  British  Pound  against  the  foreign  currencies  listed  above  at 
31 December would have had the equal but opposite effect to the amounts shown above, on the 
basis that all other variables remain constant.   

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

16. 

Financial instruments (continued) 
(d) Financial risk management 
The Directors recognise that this is an area in which they may need to develop specific policies should 
the Group become exposed to wider financial risks as the business develops. 

(e) Liquidity risk management 
The  Directors  have  regard  to  the  maintenance  of  sufficient  cash  resources  to  fund  the  Group’s 
immediate  operating  and  exploration  activities.  Cash  resources  are  managed  in  accordance  with 
planned expenditure forecasts. 

(f) Capital risk management 
The Directors recognise that the Group’s capital is its equity reserves. The Group’s current objective 
is  to  manage  its  capital  in  a  manner  that  ensures  that  the  funds  raised  meet  its  operating  and 
exploration  expenditure  commitments.  Currently,  the  Company  does  not  seek  any  borrowings  to 
operate the Company and all future supplemental funding is raised through investors as and when 
required in order to finance working capital requirements and potential new project opportunities, as 
they may develop. 

17. 

Share capital 

Number 
Authorised 
5,000,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.002p each 
5,000,000,000 deferred shares of 0.198p each 

Allotted ordinary shares, called up and fully paid 
As at beginning of the year 
Share subscription 
Shares issued for exploration project acquisitions 
Shares issued on exercise of warrants 
Shares issued to settle third party fees 
Total ordinary shares at end of year 

Allotted deferred shares, called up and fully paid 
As at beginning of the period 
Total deferred shares at end of period  (1) 

Ordinary and deferred as at end of year 

Ordinary share capital is summarised below: 

  As at beginning of the year 
  Share subscription 
  Shares issued for exploration project acquisitions 
  Shares issued on exercise of warrants 
  Shares issued to settle third party fees 

As at end of year 

62 

2021 
£’000 

100 
9,900 

2020 
£’000 

100 
9,900 

10,000 

10,000 

71 
18 
6 
2 
1 
98 

1,978 
1,978 

2,076  

25 
24 
12 
10 
- 
71 

1,978 
1,978 

2,049 

Number of 
shares 2021 

Number of 
shares 2020 

3,543,699,116 
923,076,923 
304,064,999(2) 
92,187,500 
50,000,000(3) 

1,269,755,181  
1,218,750,000 
578,318,935 
476,875,000 
- 

4,913,028,538 

3,543,699,116 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

17.  Share capital (continued) 

  Deferred share capital is summarised below: 
  As at beginning of the year (1) 

As at end of year 

998,773,038 

998,773,038 

998,773,038 

998,773,038 

(1) The Deferred Shares have very limited rights and are effectively valueless as they have no voting rights 
and have no rights as to dividends and only very limited rights on a return of capital. The Deferred Shares 
are not admitted to trading or listed on any stock exchange and are not freely transferable.   

(2) The 304,064,999 shares issued during the year were detailed in the Company’s announcements’ 
dated; 

a)  12 February 2021 when the Company announced the completion of its acquisition of 100% of 
Metrock Resources Pty Ltd and its interest in the Kanye Manganese Project.  The acquisition 
consideration included the issue of 234,597,407 ordinary shares to the vendors of the project 
(note 12.1); 

b) 18 February 2021 when the Company announced the issue of 35,467,592 shares in relation to 
the acquisition of Virgo Resources Ltd which completed on 14 August 2020 (note 12.2); and 

c)  1 March 2021 when the Company announced the issue of 34,000,000 deferred acquisition 

shares issued to the vendors of Virgo Resources Ltd.  

(3) On  29  November  2021  the  Company  issued  50,000,000  shares  relating  to  a  funding  facility  fee 
announced on 23 November 2021. 

The share premium was as follows: 

  As at beginning of year  
  Share subscription 
  Shares issued to settle third party fees 
  Shares issued – Acquisitions  
  Share issued – 2020 Acquisitions1 
  Share issue costs 
  Warrants lapsed 
  Warrants exercised 
  Warrants issued 

As at end of year 

2021 
£’000 

39,125 
1,181 
71 
44 
(1,120) 
(144) 
- 
146 
- 

39,303 

2020 
£’000 

36,429 
951 
- 
- 
1,120 
(105) 
- 
730 
- 

39,125  

Each fully paid ordinary share carries the right to one vote at a meeting of the Company. Holders of 
ordinary shares also have the right to receive dividends and to participate in the proceeds from sale 
of all surplus assets in proportion to the total shares issued in the event of the Company winding up.  

1 Share premium on acquisitions during the year to 31 December 2020 have been reclassified to merger 
reserves during the year. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

18. 

Share-based payments 
At the year end, the Company had the following share-based payment plans involving equity 
settled share options and warrants in existence: 

Scheme 

Number 

Warrants 

6,363,636 

Date 
granted 
13/10/2017 

Exercise 
price 
1.1p 

Share 
options 
Share 
options 
Warrants 

50,000,000 

23/08/2018 

37,500,000 

23/08/2018 

0.5p 

1.0p 

12,500,000 

5/12/2019 

0.14p 

Warrants 

80,625,000 

26/06/2020 

0.16p 

Warrants 

10,937,500 

26/06/2020 

0.08p 

Share 
options 
Warrants 

98,361,250 

14/08/2020 

0.3p 

208,125,000 

14/09/2020 

0.16p 

Warrants 

18,750,000 

14/09/2020 

0.08p 

Share 
options 
Share 
options 
Warrants 

110,000,000 

06/11/2020 

0.425p 

110,000,000 

06/11/2020 

0.565p 

461,538,462 

29/12/2021 

0.25p 

Warrants 

46,153,846 

29/12/2021 

0.13p 

Share 
options 

31,800,000 

12/02/2021 

0.40p 

Maximum 
term 

Expire on 
21/06/28 
Expire on 
21/06/28 

Vesting 
conditions 
5 years  Vested immediately 
upon being granted 
Vested on 23 
August 2018 
Vested on 31 
January 2019  
3 years  Vested immediately 
upon being granted 
2 years  Vested immediately 
upon being granted 
2 years  Vested immediately 
upon being granted 
2 years  Vested on 1 August 
2021 
2 years  Vested immediately 
upon being granted 
2 years  Vested immediately 
upon being granted 

Expire on 
21/06/2028 
Expire on 
21/06/2028 

Vested immediately 
upon being granted 
Vested on 31 
March 2021 
3 years  Vested immediately 
upon being granted 
2 years  Vested immediately 
upon being granted 
Vested immediately 
upon being granted 

Expire on 
30/09/2024 

The number and weighted average exercise prices of the above options and warrants are as 
follows: 

31 December 2021 

31 December 2020 

Outstanding at beginning of year  
Share options issued (1) 
Lapsed/exercised warrants/options 
Warrants issued (2)  
Outstanding at end of year 

Number 
835,349,886 
31,800,000 
(92,187,500) 
507,692,308 
1,282,654,694 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
0.33p 
0.40p 
0.16p 
0.24p 
0.30p 

Number 
106,363,636 
318,361,250 
(476,875,000) 
887,500,000 
835,349,886 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
0.79p 
0.435p 
1.5p 
0.14p 
0.33p 

(1) Share options issued during the year have been valued using a Black and Scholes option pricing 
model using a risk-free rate of 0.06% and a volatility rate of 110%. 
(2) 461,538,462 Warrants were issued as free attaching warrants part of the capital raising and 
valued using a Black Scholes option pricing model. 46,153,846 Warrants were issued to brokers 
and were valued using a Black and Scholes option pricing model using a risk-free rate of 0.25% 
and a volatility rate of 86.86%. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

19. 

Reconciliation of movements in shareholders’ funds  

Consolidated 

Company 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£’000 

(1,098) 

(1,027) 

(1,211) 

1,056 

870 

1,056 

- 
217 
147 
102 
761    

- 
7,011 

8,196  

- 
441 
740 
35 
1,132    

37 
4,783 

7,011  

- 
217 
147 
102 
761 

- 
8,356 

9,428  

(878) 

870 

- 
441 
740 
35 
1,132 

- 
6,016 

8,356  

Total comprehensive loss for the 
year 

Proceeds from shares issued 
Currency translation differences on 
foreign currency operations 
Share option expense 
Warrants exercised 
Warrants issued 
Shares issued – Acquisitions  
Non-controlling interests on 
acquisition of subsidiary 
Opening shareholders’ funds 

Closing shareholders’ funds 

20.  Reconciliation of operating loss to net cash outflow from operating activities  

Consolidated 

Company 

Year ended 31 
December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£’000 

Year ended 31 
December 
2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£’000 

(948) 

(1,038) 

(832) 

(879) 

160 
72 

(6) 

(20) 
(95) 

380  
- 

5 

 37 
40 

160 
72 

(6) 

(10)  
109 

380  
- 

5 

42  
45 

 (837) 

 (576) 

 (507) 

 (407) 

Operating loss from all 
operations 

Share options 
Shares issued – Legal fees 

Foreign exchange gain 
(Increase)/decrease in 
receivables 
Increase in payables 
Net cash outflow from 
operating activities 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

21. 

Proceeds from the issuance of ordinary shares 

Share capital and premium at end of year 
(note 17) 
Shares issued – Legal fees 
Share issued on acquisition on subsidiaries 
Share issue costs  
Share capital and premium at beginning of 
year 

Consolidated 
Year 
ended 31 
December 
2021 
£’000 

Year 
ended 31 
December 
2020 
£’000 

Company 

Year 
ended 31 
December 
2021 
£’000 

Year 
ended 31 
December 
2020 
£’000 

41,379  
(72) 
1,070 
144 

41,174  
- 
(1,132) 
34 

41,379  
(72) 
1,070 
144 

41,174  
- 
(1,132) 
34 

(41,174) 

(38,432) 

(41,174) 

(38,432) 

1,347 

 1,644  

1,347  

1,644  

22. 

Related party transactions 

(a) Parent entity 
The parent entity within the Group is Bezant Resources Plc. 

(b) Subsidiaries 
Interests in subsidiaries are set out in note 11. 

(c) Associates 
Interests in associates are set out in note 11. 

(d) Transactions with related parties 
The following table provides details of remuneration and fees to related parties during the year and 
outstanding balances at the year-end date:  

31 December 2021 

31 December 2020 

Paid   
 in  
the  
year 
£’000 

Due by at  
year-end  
date 

£’000 

85 
29 

29 
20 
71 
73 

80 
30 

- 
- 
- 
- 

 Paid   
 in  
the  
year 
£’000 

146 
45 

49 
30 
78 
78 

Due by at  
year-end  

date 

£’000 

68 
59 

7 
2 
- 
- 

Colin Bird 
Laurence Read 
Metallurgical Management Services 
Pty. Ltd 
R Siapno 
R. Samtani 
E. Slowey 

136 
* The above amounts represent directors’ fees inclusive of share options awarded during 2020 and expensed 

281* 

426 

110 

during 2021 and are included in directors’ remuneration per note 8. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

22. 

Related party transactions (continued) 

An amount of £15,000 was incurred during 2021 (2020: £15,000) to Lion Mining Finance Limited, a 
company controlled by C. Bird, for administration services and use of an office as well as a deposit 
of £2,500 which is included in trade and other receivables. 

Related parties 
Mowbrai  Limited  is  a  consultancy  company  controlled  by  former  director  Mr  Laurence  Read.  
Metallurgical Management Services Pty. Ltd is a consultancy company controlled by the director Dr. 
Evan Kirby.   

23. 

Commitments 

Non-cancellable lease rentals payable as follows: 

Less than one year 
Between two and five years 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

Payments represent rentals payable by the Company for administration services and office 
occupancy. 

24. 

Control 

Bezant Resources Plc is listed on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange and not under 
the control of any one party. 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements (continued) 
For the year ended 31 December 2021 

25. 

Subsequent events  

1.  Issue of shares for fees. On 6 January 2022 the Company announced as approved by shareholders at 
the General Meeting on 29 December 2021 it intended to settle outstanding remuneration owed to a director 
of the Company, Colin Bird, amounting to £80,000 and fees of £50,000 owed to Quantum Capital & Consulting 
Limited,  a  personal  service  company  of  Michael  Allardice  who  is  a  person  discharging  managerial 
responsibilities  on  behalf  of  the  Company  (collectively,  the  “Accrued  Fees”)  by  the  issue  100,000,000 
ordinary shares of 0.002p each (“Ordinary Shares”) (the “Accrued Fee Shares”) and 50,000,000 warrants 
over Ordinary Shares exercisable at 0.25 pence per Ordinary Share valid until 4 November 2024 (“Accrued 
Fee Warrants”) in accordance with the table below: 

Person 

Colin Bird 

Period of  
Accrued Fees 

Accrued Fees 

Accrued  Fee 
Shares  

Accrued Fee 
Warrants   

Aug 19 – Sep 21 

£80,000 

61,538,462 

30,769,231 

Quantum Capital and Consulting 
Ltd (Michael Allardice) 

Dec 19 – June 20 

£50,000 

38,461,538 

19,230,769 

2. Exercise of warrants. On 12 May 2022 the Company announced the exercise of 11,875,000 warrants at a 
price on 0.16p per share for £19,000. 

3. Impairment. In light of technical and regulatory issues related to the Kalengwa project the Company 
has with the agreement of its partners agreed to pause work on this project pending resolution of these 
issues and accordingly has decided with effect from 31 December 2021 to make a full provision against 
its investment in the Kalengwa project. 

4.  Drawdown under Loan Facility: On 30 June 2022 the Company further to its announcement of 23 
November 2021 confirms that it had issued two drawdown notices of £350,000 each (“Tranche 1” and 
“Tranche  2”)  for  a  total  amount  of  £700,000  (the  “Drawdowns”)  under  its  £1,000,000  unsecured 
convertible  loan  funding  facility  with  Sanderson  Capital  Partners  Ltd  (the  “Lender”),  a  long-term 
shareholder in the Company (the “Facility”). The amount drawdown is repayable in 12 months and 
convertible by the Lender at the fixed prices; £350,000, at 0.19 pence per share and £350,000 at 0.225 
pence  per  share.  The  Company  can  use  the  Facility,  at  its  discretion,  to  fund  the  working  capital 
requirements of the Company and its subsidiaries as determined by the Company and proposes to use 
the  funds  in  the  first  instance  to  advance  exploration  and  its  mining  licence  application  in  Namibia, 
exploration at its Kanye Manganese project in Botswana and the general working capital requirements 
of the group. 

Under the terms of the Facility the Lender is due; 

i) a drawdown fee of £14,000 being 2% of the amount drawdown which will be settled by the issue of 
12,522,361 new ordinary shares of £0.00002 each (“Shares”) credited as fully paid at 0.1118 pence 
per share being the five-day VWAP on 28 June 2022 (the “Drawdown Fee Shares”); and 

ii) £350,000 of three year warrants over Shares (the “Warrants”). The exercise price for the Warrants 
are as follows:  

•  £175,000 at 0.25 pence per share for the drawdown of Tranche 1; and  
•  £175,000 at 0.30 pence per share for the drawdown of Tranche 2. 

Other that these matters, no significant events have occurred subsequent to the reporting date that would 
have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. 

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