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Bigblu Broadband Plc

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Employees 201-500
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FY2023 Annual Report · Bigblu Broadband Plc
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Bigblu Broadband plc 

Annual Report & Financial Statements 

For the year ended 

30 November 2023 

A Company Registered in England & Wales No. 09223439 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Contents 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Company Information 

Company Overview 

Strategic Report 
      Chairman’s Statement 
      Chief Executive Report 
      Financial Review 
      Principal Risks and Uncertainties 
      Section 172 (1) Statement 

Governance 
      Directors’ Report 
      Board of Directors 
      Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 
      Corporate Governance Statement 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 

Consolidated statement of financial position 

Company statement of financial position 

Consolidated statement of cash flows 

Company statement of cash flows 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

Company statement of changes in equity 

Notes to the financial statements 

Page 

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80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Company Information 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Directors 

M Tobin OBE 
A Walwyn (Resigned 17 May 2024) 
F Waters 
P Howard 
C Mills 
P Moses 

Company registration number 

09223439 

Company secretary 

Registered office 

Broker & Nominated adviser 

B Harber 

6th Floor 

60 Gracechurch Street 
London 
EC3V 0HR 

Cavendish Capital Markets Limited (previously known as 
finnCap Ltd) 
60 New Broad St 
London  
EC2M 1JJ 

Solicitors 

Registrars 

Auditors 

Burness Paull LLP 
50 Lothian Road 
Festival Square 
Edinburgh, EH3 9WJ 

Share Registrars Limited 
The Courtyard 

17 West Street 
Farnham 
Surrey 
GU9 7DR 

Haysmacintyre LLP 
10 Queen Street Place 
London 
EC4R 1AG 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Company Overview 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Bigblu  Broadband  plc  (AIM:  BBB.L),  is  an  in  market  leading  provider  of  alternative  superfast  and  ultrafast 
broadband solutions throughout Australia. BBB delivers a portfolio of superfast and ultrafast wireless broadband 
products for consumers and businesses. 

High levels of recurring revenue, increasing economies of scale and Government stimulation of the alternative 
broadband market in many countries provide a solid foundation for significant organic growth as demand for 
alternative ultrafast broadband services increases around the world. 

BBB's  range  of  solutions  includes  satellite,  GEO  and  LEO,  next  generation  fixed  wireless  and  4G/5G  FWA 
delivering  between  30  Mbps  and  500Mbps  for  consumers,  and  up  to  1  Gbps  for  businesses.  BBB  provides 
customers  with  a  full  range  of  services  including  hardware  supply,  installation,  pre-and  post-sale  support, 
billings, and collections, whilst offering appropriate tariffs depending on each end user's requirements. 

Importantly, as its core technologies evolve, and more affordable capacity is made available, BBB continues to 
offer ever-increasing speeds and higher data throughputs to satisfy market demands for broadband services. 
BBB's alternative broadband offerings present a customer experience that is broadly similar to that offered by 
wired broadband and the connection can be shared in the normal way with PCs, tablets and smart phones. 

*Superfast is defined as broadband speeds in excess of 30Mbps 

** Ultrafast is defined as broadband speeds in excess of 100Mbps 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Chairman’s Statement 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

2023 has been a year of intense focus within the business with like for like revenue growth of 0.3% and adjusted 
EBITDA like for like growth of 8.7% and ending the period with 55k customers for continuing operations. During 
the period we also, identified and concluded suitable accretive bolt on in Harbour in Australia.  

Operationally we also had to adjust the business to the increased Low Earth Orbit competition in Australia as 
well  as  upgrade  legacy  systems  in  Skymesh.  We  continued  to  reduce  costs  centrally  and  announced  the 
disposal of the Norwegian Operations to a management led buyout team in Norway post period end.  

We started the year with the acquisition of the satellite operations of Harbour ISP PTY LTD, a subsidiary of Uniti 
Group LTD in Australia. This acquisition was accretive in nature and helped cement our fully owned subsidiary 
SkyMesh’s leading position in the marketplace.  

At the year-end we retained a 3.1% holding in Quickline post injection of £110m of additional funding by Northleaf 
Capital Partners since the date of acquisition by them. Post year end Northleaf invested a further £20m reducing 
our percentage holding to  2.8%. Quickline can currently address over 200,000 rural  premises with  its hybrid 
FTTP and FWA infrastructure and has over 10,000 customers. 

Following this injection, the 5G and FTTP build programmes are accelerating and, supported by a headcount of 
c300, Quickline is still targeting to pass 500,000 premises as per the original business plan. Northleaf continues 
to be a great partner, having provided significant additional capital to support the business in this rapidly growing 
and  well-financed  alternative  network  operator.  We  are  delighted  for  the  Quickline  team  being  awarded  two 
contracts under the government’s £5bn Project Gigabit programme as detailed in the post balance sheet events 
note. 

In addition, we continued to have excellent support from our main banking partner Santander in the UK who 
provides the business with £10m Revolving Credit Facilities and associated banking operations. 

The Board remains focused on enhancing shareholder value from the Continuing Group and will consider further 
strategic M&A opportunities that are accretive in nature. 

As stated in previous years, I am a strong believer that good corporate governance supports a group’s long-
term success. This is very important for 2024 and beyond, given the strategic plans for the continuing operations. 
The structures, advisers and committees we have in place for establishing and articulating the Board’s strategy 
and monitoring the performance of the Group’s management continue to function well and add value for the 
Group’s shareholders, at the same time ensuring a strong focus on realising shareholder value. 

Part  of  our  governance  regime  is  our  continued  regular  communication  with  shareholders  as  our  strategy 
continues to progress. To this end, we embarked upon an inclusive investor relations programme in 2020 which 
has continued throughout 2021, 2022 and 2023, and we will continue to interact with shareholders in a regular 
and proactive manner. This year the AGM will be held  on 21 June 2024 and such notice of the AGM will be 
circulated to shareholders shortly. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Chairman’s Statement 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Finally, I would like to thank Andrew Walwyn who resigned from the Board on 17 May 2024, for his countless 
years of hard work and effort, far less delivery, his management team and all the staff in the Group for their 
efforts in 2023. Everyone played their part in a demanding yet successful year in the Group’s life. I, and the rest 
of the Board, fully recognise that the team are working very hard to look after our existing customers and support 
new customers requiring our service and so continue to look forward to the remainder of 2024 with confidence. 

Michael Tobin OBE 

Chairman  

17 May 2024 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Chief Executive Report 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Overview  

2023 was an important year for the Group as we continued to focus on maximising shareholder value. We have 
delivered  improved  underlying  profitability  in  Australia  and  have  announced  the  disposal  of  the  Group's 
Norwegian operations to a management led team post the end of the financial year. As a result, our remaining 
focus is now on our Australian operations and our retained minority interest in Quickline. 

Operational Review of Continuing Operations 

The last year has seen a hive of activity across the sector generally and the business units more specifically. 
We have seen the advancement of Starlink in Australia our only remaining market and are absolutely delighted 
to have entered into a distribution agreement with them in December 2023. 

- 
- 

- 

Further positive sector momentum includes Satellite communications market’s profile raised in 2023.  
Significant mergers and constellation expansions have created satellite network operators with greater 
scale, especially in the low-earth orbit (LEO) sector. 
Telcos  with  ambitious,  and  extremely  challenging,  goals  of  delivering  communications  and  digital 
services to every corner of the world, will increasingly rely on satellite coverage to close connectivity 
gaps in various locations, especially the digital divide where BBB operate. 

In  Australia,  we  remain  focused  on  our  strategy  of  organic  growth  combined  with  targeting  suitable  bolt-on 
acquisition opportunities as well as considering all options available to BBB to best achieve our value realisation 
strategy.  

SkyMesh, is the leading Australian satellite broadband service provider, having been named Best Satellite NBN 
Provider for the fifth year in succession (2019-2023).  SkyMesh has continued to be the market leader in the 
satellite broadband market with total market share post the Harbour transaction of 46% of NBNCo Skymuster, 
a growth of 7.6% year on year. 

SkyMesh now commands a 53% market share of all new orders placed, the fastest growing operator in the GEO 
satellite market. Customer numbers at 30 November 2023 were 55.3k (FY22: 51.5k), an increase of 7% on prior 
year and includes the customers acquired from Harbour (5.2k). 

Increased competition from Starlink in FY23 had an impact on customer numbers mainly during the first half of 
the year.  SkyMesh worked with its major satellite provider NBNCo to bring uncapped data packages to market 
for the first time, which are more affordable, comparable in speed, and better supported than other networks.  
From the launch of this product in late 2023, customer growth has returned.  An expanded suite of uncapped 
data products at varying price points was released on 1 December 2023, which the business expects will further 
enhance its growth potential. 

During the year, SkyMesh upgraded their legacy systems with an investment of  £1.3m. This brings touchless 
integration  with  NBNCo  for  ordering,  provisioning  of  services  and  support.    The  outcome  is  a  more  efficient 
system that enables customers to be set up online faster than ever.  The sales process has been streamlined 
and provides the ability to track orders and sales in real time.  The system brings upgraded security and flexibility 
to integrate with future vendors. This was a large exercise and resulted in a number of teething challenges. We 
are now seeing a more stable platform and have invested in additional IT resources to drive future developments.  

Further acquisition opportunities and new product opportunities are emerging as SkyMesh heads into 2024 with 
the potential for the product offering to expand further underpinning future growth in customer numbers. 

Revenue is underpinned with a high percentage (c.93%) of recurring revenue attached to contracts. We remain 
confident in our ability to deliver further returns for shareholders from our operations in Australia together with 
the remaining equity stake in Quickline. As we enter the new financial year, there are opportunities to deliver  

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Chief Executive Report (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

improved shareholder value as we continue to support customers unserved and underserved in the digital divide, 
whilst at the same time improving our product range thereby reducing churn. 

The Board's focus will remain on both organic growth with our network partners, and suitable accretive bolt on 
acquisitions that can accelerate the Company's presence as well as scaling the Australian business. In addition, 
the Board continues to explore all options to realise value for BBB shareholders from SkyMesh, which could 
include an MBO supported by private equity, trade sale or ASX listing of SkyMesh. 

Board Changes 

As  part  of  the  acquisition  of  the  Norwegian  Operations  by  local  management,  Andrew  Walwyn  is  also 
participating in the Buy Out. As a result, Andrew Walwyn has resigned with immediate effect from his position 
as Executive CEO within the plc to prevent any conflicts perceived or otherwise arising. Andrew remains a major 
shareholder of BBB having founded the business in 2008 and listed the business in 2015.  

Andrew has undertaken to support the Board as required whilst it executes its  strategy of realising value for 
shareholders. 

Frank  Waters  has  become  CEO  of  the  plc  in  addition  to  his  CFO  responsibilities,  whilst  the  Board  of  BBB 
continues  to  execute  the  value  realisation  strategy  and  will  be  supported  by  the  new  CFO  in  Australia  Ray 
Vaughan who joined on 1 April 2024. Ray will be responsible for all financial aspects of Skymesh finances and 
support Frank Waters with plc matters as required. 

Post Balance Sheet Events 

We highlight the following post balance sheet events: 

Quickline Contract Wins 

Quickline  has  been  awarded  two  contracts  under  the  government’s  £5bn  Project  Gigabit  programme.  The 
contracts will subsidise the rollout of  a full fibre network to more than 60,000 hard-to-reach rural  homes and 
businesses across the parts of Yorkshire which  have  been  left behind by commercial rollouts. The contracts 
have  been  secured  by  Quickline  following  competitive  public  procurement  processes  and  totals  £104m  of 
government subsidy. Quickline will make further private investment alongside Project Gigabit to roll out its full 
fibre network to over 200,000 premises. Project Gigabit is the government-backed programme to connect hard-
to-reach  areas  which,  without  government  intervention,  would  miss  out  on  fast  and  reliable,  gigabit  capable 
broadband. The rollout of Project Gigabit is overseen by Building Digital UK (BDUK) – an executive agency of 
the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology. 

Starlink Distribution Agreement 

We were delighted to sign a distribution contract with Starlink in December 2023 to provide high-speed internet 
to business and small office / home office workers. BBB plc invested £2m in buying stock in advance to support 
future orders. This, alongside the One Web contract allows BBB to offer customers an extended suite of products 
covering all their needs. 

Norway disposal 

We have separately today also announced the disposal of our Norwegian operations for consideration of £1 to 
a team led by local management and Andrew Walwyn. This business has faced meaningful headwinds over the 
last few years and the Board has actively been seeking to find an exit for this business, including the appointment 
of external advisors to try and find appropriate buyers for these operations. The management buyout offered the 
most realistic and quickest exit for the Group without having to potentially incur further costs in the region and 
the Board believes that this transaction is in the best interests of shareholders. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Chief Executive Report (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Current Trading  

The Group has positioned itself at the forefront of the alternative super-fast and ultrafast broadband industry in 
Australia. The Group’s product portfolio and expanding routes to market mean that it remains one of the most 
recognised companies in its sector in Australia. Underlying trading in Australia in the first few months is in line 
with prior year and the planned migration of customers to the new tariffs, whilst likely to result in a far higher 
Customer Lifetime Value will potentially impact short term EBITDA and cash, however the business will benefit 
from  the  strong  visibility  afforded  by  the  high  percentage  of  recurring  revenues.  At  the  same  time,  we  are 
progressing with our systems efficiencies. The disposal of the Norwegian business therefore allows us to focus 
on the remaining operating unit in Australia. Prior to disposal the trading conditions in the Norwegian operations 
remained challenging as the business continues to pivot into a low capex business.  We have enacted significant 
cost savings at the plc level following the disposal as we seek to realise value in Australia. 

Frank Water  

Chief Executive Officer 

17 May 2024 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Total results for the Continuing and Discontinued operations 

Total Group revenue including recurring airtime, equipment, installation sales, one off IP sales, network support 
and the Harbour acquisition was £30.1m. (FY22: £31.2m) of which the negative impact of currency movements, 
translating Skymesh trading currency in Australian Dollars to Sterling reporting currency of BBB, was £1.4m. 
Recurring airtime revenue (revenue generated from the Company's broadband airtime) which is typically linked 
to contracts, was £28.0m representing 93% of total revenue (FY22: 93%). 

Gross  profit  margins  decreased  marginally  to  41.2%  in  FY23  (FY22:  42.5%),  due  to  planned  product  mix 
changes net of additional income earned in the period. This is an area of constant focus in the business working 
with our network partners and at the same time as providing the most suitable products to our customers. 

Overheads, before items identified as exceptional in nature, reduced to £11.2m (FY22: £11.7m) representing 
37.2%  of  revenue  (FY22:  37.5%)  mainly  due  to  lower  headcount  costs  from  the  re-organisation  program  of 
£1.4m,  lower  depreciation  due  to  the  assets  in  the  Norwegian  business  being  written  off  in  FY22  of  £0.7m, 
reduced marketing cost of £0.1m and lower IT costs of £0.2m, partially offset by higher amortisation in Australia 
due to the Harbour acquisition of £1.0m and higher impairment of Fixed Assets of £0.6m in the period. 

Consequently, adjusted EBITDA for the period was £5.9m (FY22: £5.1m) growth of 15.6% and representing an 
improved adjusted EBITDA margin of 20.1% (FY22: 16.3%). 

Depreciation, excluding ‘right of use assets’, decreased to £1.0m in FY23 from £2.3m in FY22 in line with the 
reduced scale of the continuing operations but reflecting increased investment in the Nordic region.  

Amortisation increased to £1.7m in FY23 from £0.7m in FY22 due to the amortisation on the customer base 
acquired from Harbour in the year. There was also an impairment of £2.1m relating to the write down of the 
goodwill associated with the Norwegian business. 

Finance costs were £0.3m in FY23 (up £0.2m on FY22 (FY22: £0.1m), relating to the revolving credit facility 
(RCF) with Santander.  

Financial Review - Continuing Operations 

We ended the year with a customer base of 55.3k (FY22: 51.5k) despite contending with a challenging market 
environment in Australia with Starlink promotional activity and a massive systems migration. In addition, there 
has been a negative currency impact of £1.4m on revenue and £0.4m on EBITDA in the year.  

Within the Australian market, we focused on the integration of bases acquired, the go live with new systems as 
well as working with our network partners to migrate as many customers as possible to new NBNCo tariffs with 
c10k migrated to more suitable products which the business believes should help to reduce churn in the future. 
In terms of year end customer mix the FY23 closing base of 55.3k customers is split as follows: 
• 
• 

Satellite 49.1k (FY22: 44.0k) 
Fixed Wireless 6.2k (FY22: 7.5k) 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Financial Review - Continuing Operations continued 

Total revenue including recurring airtime, equipment, installation sales, network support other income and the 
Harbour  acquisition  decreased  by  £1.3m  (4%)  to  £25.9m  (FY22:  £27.2m)  of  which  the  negative  impact  of 
currency movements was £1.4m. Total like-for-like revenue for the Continuing Group in the period was £27.3m, 
representing 0.3% growth (FY22: increase 4%). 

Recurring revenue, defined as revenue typically generated from the Group’s broadband airtime contracts, which 
is typically linked to contracts and monthly subscriptions, was £23.9m in the period, representing 93% of total 
continuing revenue (FY22: 93%). 

ARPU, calculated by dividing total revenues from all sources by the average customer base, in 2023 was £39.80 
per month (FY22: £40.44), down on FY22 by 2% due to the impact of the currency translation, as well as specific 
switching  of  customers  to  more  appropriate  packages  with  a  higher  customer  lifetime  value  CLV.  CLV  is 
calculated by comparing the Present Value of a new customer (considering ARPU, Churn and Margin) with the 
net  costs  of  customer  acquisition  (considering  up  front  revenue  less  equipment,  shipping,  installation  and 
marketing costs). 

Revenue in satellite was £21.9m, down on prior year by 3.4% (FY22: £22.7m) due in the main to plan switching 
in Australia offset by the satellite base acquired from Harbour, offset by currency impact of £1.4m. Revenue in 
fixed wireless was £3.5m,  down on prior year by  8%  (FY22: £3.8m). PLC  added £0.5m (FY22:  £0.7m) from 
services related revenue.  

Gross profit margins reduced marginally to 37% in FY23 (FY22: 38%), due to planned product mix changes. 
This is an area of constant focus in the business working with our network partners and at the same time as 
providing the most suitable products to our customers. 

Distribution and Administrative Expenses, pre-exceptional costs, increased by £0.1m to £7.4m (FY22: £7.3m) 
due to increased underlying costs covering headcount costs, marketing, and IT costs, as well as increased costs 
combining depreciation, impairment of fixed assets and amortisation on the customer acquisition from Clear and 
Harbour.  

Consequently,  adjusted  EBITDA  for  the  period  from  our  continuing  operations  was  £4.5m  (FY22:  £4.1m)  a 
growth of 8.7% and representing an improved adjusted EBITDA margin of 17.2% (FY22: 15.1%). 

Items identified as exceptional in nature, increased to £3.9m (FY22: £2.6m) representing 15% of revenue (FY22: 
9%) due to specific deal related and operational exceptional costs primarily associated with the reorganisations 
in the Norwegian and Central Operations.  

Depreciation, including ‘right of use assets’, remained unchanged at £0.6m in FY23 from £0.6m in FY22.  
Amortisation  increased  to  £1.5m  in  FY23  from  £0.4m  in  FY22  due  to  the  amortisation  of  the  customer  base 
acquired from Uniti (FY22) and Harbour (FY23) in the year which will be written off over a 2-year period from 
acquisition. In addition, the assets acquired through the Clear acquisition were impaired by £0.1m. 

Finance  costs  were  £0.2m  in  FY23  relating  to  the  RCF  facility  in  the  period  compared  with  £0.1m  in  FY22. 
Consequently, Adjusted PAT (adjusted for exceptional items, impairment and amortisation) for the period was 
£4.2m (FY22: £3.2m) growth of 31.4% and representing an improved adjusted PAT margin of 16.0% (FY22: 
11.6%). 

The  focus  of  the  Board  now  turns  to  creating  shareholder  value  from  the  remaining  business  unit  being  our 
Australian operations (SkyMesh Pty Limited) through organic growth and the possibility of accretive acquisitions 
and our retained interest in Quickline.  

The financial review will therefore focus primarily on the performance of the continuing business unit which is 
operational. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Key Performance Indicators for Continuing Operations 

The Group utilises several Key Performance Indicators (‘KPI’s’) to measure performance against our strategy. 
A description of these KPI’s and performance against them is set out below. 

KPI 

2023 

2022 

Description 

2023 performance  

Customer Base 

55.3k 

51.5k 

3.6k 

4.4K 

Underlying 
Customer Net 
Organic 
Connections 

Represents 
total  gross  organic 
connections  plus  acquisitions,  less 
disposals, less lost customers (churn) 
and base management. 
Represents  gross  connections  in  the 
period  less  lost  customers  (churn)  in 
Includes  M&A  and 
the  period. 
excludes exceptional churn. 

Gross 
Underlying 
Churn 

32% 

30% 

of 

subscribers 

Gross underlying churn defined as the 
number 
who 
their  service  as  a 
discontinue 
total 
percentage  of 
number  of  subscribers  within 
the 
period  and  excludes  exceptional 
churn. 

the  average 

ARPU 

£39.80 

£40.44  Calculated by dividing total revenues 
from  all  sources  by  the  average 
customer base 

Revenue 

£25.9m 

£27.2m  Revenue 

from  all 
includes  sales 
operations. Like for like (LFL) revenue 
treats acquired businesses as if they 
were  owned  for  the  same  period 
across both the current and prior year 
and  adjusts  for  constant  currency, 
omitting  any  distinct  differences  that 
skew 
numbers.  Business 
disposed of in the period are excluded 
from the calculation. 

the 

7.4% 
Harbour acquisition. 

increase 

reflecting 

the 

Customer 

Underlying 
growth 
reduced  year  on  year  due  in  the 
main to Starlink in Australia offset to 
a  degree  with 
the  Harbour 
acquisition.  

arise 

where 

The focus during the period was on 
switchers with c4k during the period. 
Switchers 
we 
proactively migrate a customer to a 
more  appropriate  tariff  during  the 
period. 
Churn rate of 32.3% (FY22: 30%) in 
Australia  following  pressure  from 
Starlink during the year. 

increased 

to  £40.54 

Lower  by  1.6%  due  in  the  main  to 
currency translation.  On a LFL basis 
ARPU 
in 
current year. 
Total  Revenue  decreased  by  4%. 
On  a  constant  currency  basis  this 
would show an increase on FY22 of 
0.3%.  

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

KPI 

2023 

2022 

Description 

2023 performance  

Adjusted  EBITDA  increase  of 
8.7%  (£0.4m)  driven  in  the 
main  by  reduced  overheads 
across the Group. 

following 

EBITDA Margin of 17% (FY22: 
15%) 
reduced 
marketing spend of £0.1m and 
£0.1m 
reduced  headcount 
costs. 
Adjusted operating cash inflow 
was  £5.3m  (FY22:  £0.7m),  an 
improvement  of  £4.6m  YOY, 
due 
increased  EBITDA 
(£0.4m),  lower  forex  and  non-
cash  charge 
(£0.4m),  and 
capital 
working 
better 
management  year  on  year 
(£3.8m). 

to 

Adjusted free cash inflow in the 
year was £4.7m (FY22:  £0.3m 
outflow),  an  improvement  of 
£5.0m  YOY.  Operating  cash 
inflow  improved  £4.6m,  lower 
capital expenditure of £0.3m at 
£49k  (FY22:  £0.4m),  higher 
interest  of  £0.2m 
(FY22: 
£0.1m), offset by decreased tax 
instalments  of  £0.3m  (FY22: 
£0.5m) 
Increased post improved 
EBITDA and lower tax charge. 

Adjusted 
EBITDA 

£4.5m 

£4.1m 

£5.3m 

£0.7m 

Adjusted 
Operating 
Cash Flow – 
Continuing 
Operations 

£4.7m 

(£0.3m) 

Adjusted Free 
Cash Flow – 
Continuing 
Operations 

Adjusted EPS 

7.1p 

5.4p 

Earnings  before 
share  based 
payments,  depreciation,  intangible 
amortisation, 
costs, 
acquisition  costs,  one-off  employee 
related costs, deal related costs and 
start-up costs is the measure of the 
Group’s operating performance.  

impairment 

for  Exceptional 

flow 
Adjusted  Operating  cash 
the  amount  of  cash 
to 
relates 
generated 
the  Group's 
from 
operating activities and is calculated 
as  follows:  Profit/(Loss)  before  Tax 
adjusted 
items, 
Depreciation,  Amortisation,  Share 
Based  Payments  and  adjusting  for 
changes  in  Working  Capital  and 
non-cash items. 
Adjusted Free cash flow being cash 
(used)/generated by the Group after 
investment  in  capital  expenditure, 
servicing  of  debt  and  payment  of 
taxes  and  excludes  items  identified 
as exceptional in nature. 

Adjusted Earnings per share (EPS) 
is the Continued business’s 
profit/(loss) after tax before 
exceptional costs, share based 
payments, impairment of Fixed 
Assets and deferred tax 
adjustments, divided by the 
weighted average number of 
shares. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Total customers at the period end including in-flight customers for our Australian operations were 55.3k (FY22: 
51.5k). During the year we delivered 3.8k net adds (FY22: 4.4k).   

Opening base 

Switched out customers 

Switched in customers 

Gross Adds 

Acquisition 

Churn 

Underlying Net Growth 

Closing Base 

FY23 
000 

FY22 
000 

51.5 

(4.0) 

4.0 

15.9 

5.2 

(17.3) 

3.8 

55.3 

47.1 

(9.0) 

9.0 

16.9 

2.2 

(14.7) 

4.4 

51.5 

Churn rates (defined as the number of subscribers who discontinue their service as a percentage of the average 
total number of subscribers within the period) increased to an average annualised churn rate of 32% in FY23 
(FY22: 30%) due in the main to the launch of Starlink in the Australian market. 

In the first three months of FY24, underlying churn has slightly reduced to 31%, and importantly we are starting 
to roll out next generation products in Australia. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Continuing Operations analysis 

A reconciliation of the adjusted EBITDA to adjusted PAT of £4.2m (FY22: £3.2m profit) is shown below. This is 
a non-GAAP alternative performance measure. 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Depreciation 

Amortisation 

Impairment of Intangible Assets  

Adjusted EBIT 

Share based payments 

Continuing Operations operating profit – pre-
exceptional items 
Exceptional items relating to M&A and 
restructuring activities 
Continuing Operations Statutory operating 
(loss) / profit – post exceptional items 

Adjusted EBIT 

Interest charge 

Tax credit /(charge) 

Impairment of Intangible and Fixed Assets 

Amortisation 

Adjusted PAT 

1 

2 

3 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

2023 
£000 

4,459 

(597) 

(1,515) 

(147) 

2,200 

- 

2,200 

(3,929) 

2022 
£000 

4,102  

(561)  
(444) 

- 

3,097 

(309) 

2,788 

(2,271) 

(1,729) 

517 

2,200 

(238) 

529 

147 

1,515 

4,153 

3,097 

(64) 

(328) 

- 

444 

3,149 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Group Statutory Results and EBITDA Reconciliation 

1.  Adjusted EBITDA (before share based payments, depreciation, intangible amortisation, impairment of 
goodwill, refinancing, fundraising, acquisition, employee related costs, deal related costs and start-up 
costs) improved 8.7% to £4.5m (FY22: £4.1m). 

2.  Total depreciation was broadly unchanged at £0.6m in FY23 from £0.6m in FY22 due to the weaker 

AUD offsetting a small increase reflecting the full year effect of FY22 purchases. 

3.  Amortisation increased to £1.5m from £0.4m in FY22 as a result of the acquisition of the Uniti customer 
base.  During  the  year  we  undertook  a  full  review  of  the  carrying  value  of  Goodwill,  with  the  review 
resulting in impairment charges of £0.1m for the IP of the Clear customers of SkyMesh.  

4.  The Group incurred  expenses in the  period that  are  considered  exceptional in  nature and therefore 

appropriate to identify. These comprise: 

a.  £1.2m (FY22: £1.2m) of acquisition, deal, legal and other costs relating to M&A (Primarily the 
acquisition of Harbour in Australia) and restructuring activities during the period. These costs 
comprise  mainly  professional  and  legal  fees  and  includes  an  apportionment  of  staff  and 
management time spent specifically on M&A projects   

b.  £0.8m (FY22: £0.4m) employee restructuring costs in the UK and Australia 
c.  £1.3m (FY22: £0.3m) development costs in the period primarily for the new Pathfinder system 
in  Australia  and  APIs  with  key  suppliers,  that  do  not  meet  the  criteria  for  intangible  asset 
capitalisation. 

d.  £0.6m  (FY22:  £0.3m)  relating  to  various  non-operational  costs  including  one-off  trademark 
licensing, payment provider historical balances written off and Commercial and Financial due 
diligence.  

5.  The interest charge in the year of £0.2m (FY22: £0.1m) relates to the RCF (£0.2m) 
6.  The tax credit of £0.5m (FY22: charge £0.3m) relates to our Australia business where amortisation of 
the  customer  base  goodwill,  increased  depreciation  and  increased  development  costs  resulted  in  a 
taxable loss. 
7.  Adjustments 
a. 
b.  Amortisation of £1.5m (FY22: £0.4m) following the acquisitions of the Uniti and Clear customer 

Impairment amortisation charge relates to SkyMesh IP £0.1m (FY22: Nil). 

bases being amortised over two years. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Customer  Base,  Revenue,  Adjusted  EBITDA  in  FY23  and  the  comparative  period  for  Continuing  Group  is 
segmented by the following categories as follows: 

2023 

Number  
000’s 

Customer Base 
2022 

% 

Number 
000’s 

         Revenue 
2023 

2022 

  Adjusted EBITDA 
  2023 

2022 

% 

 £m 

 £m  

% 

     £m 

      £m 

% 

Australia 
Central 
Revenue and 
Costs1 

55.3 

100% 

51.5 

100% 

25.4 

26.5 

(4%) 

5.2 

5.0 

4% 

- 

- 

- 

  0.5 

  0.7 

(22%) 

(0.7) 

(0.9) 

16% 

Total 

55.3 

100% 

51.5 

100% 

25.9 

27.2 

(4%) 

4.5 

4.1 

9% 

1 Central revenue includes recharges for services and central costs include finance, IT, HR and plc costs. 

Customer Connections by Technology  

2023 

Satellite 
000’s 

2023 
Fixed 
Wireless/5G 
000’s 

2023 

Total 
000’s 

2022 

Satellite 
000’s 

% 

2022 
Fixed 
Wireless/5G 
000’s 

2022 

Total 
000’s 

% 

Australia 

49.1 

               6.2 

55.3 

100% 

44.0 

    7.5 

51.5 

100% 

Total  

49.1 

    6.2 

55.3 

100% 

44.0 

         7.5 

51.5 

100% 

From the above analysis for Continuing Operations year on year movements from a Customer Base, Revenue, 
Adjusted EBITDA and product mix perspective are analysed as follows: 

1  Australia 

a.  There was customer net growth of 3.8k over the course of the year, including the c5.2k from the 

Harbour acquisition. 

b.  During the year there were a number of customers switching contracts (c.4k) 
c.  The reduction in revenue of £1.3m was a reflection of the currency movement on translation 
and the increased churn, the acquisition of customers from Harbour, and a reduced ARPU from 
£40.44 to £39.80. Like for like ARPU would be £40.53, a slight increase. 
Importantly, EBITDA improved by 9% following continued cost efficiencies across the company. 

d. 

2  PLC 

a.  Revenue was down on prior year at £0.5m due to reduced invoiced support services. 
b.  With lower costs, following the rationalisation this resulted in EBITDA losses improving by 45% 

at £0.5m. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            
            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Cashflow performance – Continuing operations 

Adjusted Free Cash Flow in the year, before exceptional costs and M&A activities undertaken by the Group, 
was an inflow of £4.7m (FY22: outflow £0.3m). This reflects the improvement in operating cashflow of £4.6m, 
lower  capital  expenditure  by  (£0.3m)  at  £0.1m  (FY22:  £0.4m)  and  tax  payments  lower  by  (£0.3m),  offset  by 
interest higher by £0.2m, at £0.5m (FY22: £0.6m).  

This is a non-GAAP alternative performance measure. 

The underlying cash flow performance analysis seeks to clearly identify underlying cash generation within the 
Continuing Group, and separately identify the cash impact of identified exceptional items including refinancing, 
fundraising M&A activity cash costs and is presented as follows: 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Underlying movement of working capital 

Forex and other non-cash items 

Adjusted operating cash inflow before interest, tax 
Capex and exceptional items 

Tax and interest paid 

Purchase of Assets 

Adjusted free cash inflow / (outflow) before 
exceptional and M&A items. 

Exceptional items relating to refinancing, fundraising, 
M&A, integration and the establishment of network 
partnerships. 

Free cash inflow/(outflow) after exceptional items 

Investing activities 

Movement in cash from Discontinued operations 

Financing activities 
Decrease in cash balances 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

   2023 
   £000 

4,459 

544 

262 

5,265 

(506) 

(49) 

4,710 

2022 
£000 

4,102  

(3,309) 

(99) 

694 

(603) 

(374) 

(283)  

(3,929) 

(2,271) 

781 

(2,554) 

(2,693) 

1,632 

(2) 

1,856 

(58) 

53 

(137) 

(1,006) 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1)  Underlying movement in working capital was an inflow of £0.5m (FY22: outflow £3.3m).  This reflects 

the inflow of receipts from sale of inventory £1.0m, and increased Creditors payments (£0.5m). 

2)  Forex  and  non-cash  represent  a  movement  in  the  year  of  £0.3m  (FY22:  £0.1m).  This  reflects  the 
currency revaluation of key balance sheet accounts using the closing rate as at 30 November of a charge 
£0.3m (FY22: £0.2m) and other non-cash movements resulting in a charge of Nil (FY22: Credit £0.1m). 

3)  This  resulted  in  an  adjusted  operating  cash  flow  before  Interest,  Tax,  Capital  expenditure  and 
Exceptional items of £5.3m inflow (FY22: £0.7m inflow), and an adjusted operating cash flow to EBITDA 
conversion of 118% (FY22: positive 17%).  

4)  Tax and interest paid was £0.5m (FY22: £0.6m) on a like-for-like basis. This covers interest on the loan 
facility  and  leases  (£0.2m)  and  monthly  taxation  paid  by  our  Australian  business  (£0.3m).  Final 
corporation tax calculations for the financial year show year-on-year tax savings in excess of £0.5m.  

5)  Purchases of assets in FY23 were £0.1m (FY22: £0.4m). These purchases were primarily office related 
costs in Australia. Note that asset purchases do not include the capitalized value of new leases of ROU 
assets, which are non-cash items. 

6)  Exceptional items relating to M&A, finance raising and restructuring costs of £3.9m (FY22: £2.3m). 

7) 

In FY23 investing activities include the acquisition of customers and assets of Uniti by SkyMesh £2.5m 
plus  a  deferred  payment  of  £0.3m  in  respect  of  Clear  Networks  less  £0.1m  proceeds  of  asset  sales 
(FY22: acquisition of customers and assets of Clear Networks £1.2m).  

8)  The net movement of cash held in the discontinued operations during the year. 

9)  The inflow in the year of £1.9m comprises the loan finance of £2.1m offset by lease principal payments 

of £0.2m (FY22: £0.2m lease principal payments).  

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Adjusted net cash reconciliation 

This is a non-GAAP alternative performance measure 

Opening Net Cash  

(Loss) / profit after tax from Continuing operations 
Interest charge 
Depreciation 
Impairment of Intangible and Fixed Assets 
Amortisation 
Tax (credit) / charge 
Share Based payments 
Exceptional costs 
Adjusted EBITDA 

Forex movement and other non-cash 
Movement in Working Capital 
Cash inflow from Continuing operations 

Interest paid 
Tax paid 

Underlying inflow from Continuing operations 
Purchase of Assets 

Adjusted free cash inflow/(outflow) before exceptional and M&A 
items 
Exceptional items relating to refinancing, fundraising, M&A, 
integration and the establishment of network partnerships 

Adjusted free cash inflow/(outflow) after exceptional and M&A 
items 

Investment activities  
Financing activities 
Movement in Cash from Continuing operations 

(Outflow) / inflow of cash from Discontinued operations 
Movement in Net Cash 

Increase in Debt 
Closing Net Cash inclusive of Escrow arrangements (£0.8m)  

Cash split 

Net cash and cash equivalents 

Discontinued operations cash / cash equivalents including deposits 

Closing net cash 

18 

2023 
£000 
4,195 

(1,438) 
          238 
597 
147 
1,515 
(529) 
- 
3,929 
4,459 

262 
544 
5,265 

(209) 
(297) 

4,759 
(49) 

4,710 

2022 
£000 
5,201 

125 
64 
561 
- 
444 
328 
309 
2,271 
4,102 

(99) 
(3,309) 
694 

(64) 
(539) 

91 
(374) 

(283) 

(3,929) 

(2,271) 

781 

(2,554) 

(2,693) 
1,856 
(56) 

(2) 
(58) 

(2,100) 
2,037 

1,632 
(137) 
(1,059) 

53 
(1,006) 

- 
4,195 

1,532 

            4,195 

505 

                   - 

2,037 

            4,195 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Cash and net debt for the overall Group is summarised as follows: 

Opening Net Cash 

Increase in loans: offset in financing activities 

Facilities utilised 

Cash inflow / (outflow) from operating activities 
Cash (outflow) / inflow generated in investing activities 
Cash inflow / (outflow) from financing activities 

Movement in Net Cash  

Closing Net Cash 

Composition of closing net debt 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash held in escrow – restricted cash 

Gross cash and cash Equivalents 

Gross cash and cash equivalents in disposal group 

Bank loans 

Net Cash 

Net Cash 

Net cash and cash equivalents 

Discontinued operations cash / cash equivalents including 
deposits 

2023 
£000 
4,195 

(2,100) 

1,660 
(3,166) 
1,448 

(2,158) 

2,037 

2,782 

850 

3,632 

505 

(2,100) 

2,037 

1,532 

505 

2022 
£000 
5,201 

- 

(512) 
200 
(694) 

(1,006) 

4,195 

4,195 

- 

4,195 

- 

- 

4,195 

4,195 

- 

Adjusted net cash 

2,037 

4,195 

Net Cash and cash equivalents / Adjusted EBITDA 

   0.34x 

   1.02x 

Net cash reduced from  £4.2m  in  2022 to  a net cash  position of £1.5m, a reduction of £2.7m in the year, as 
detailed in the net cash reconciliation above. With discontinued cash this results in an adjusted net cash position 
of £2.0m. 

At the year-end an amount of £0.9m within the adjusted net cash balance was held in Escrow and received on 
1 December 2023 (FY 22: Nil). 

The table above excludes the lease liabilities of £0.1m (FY22: £1.4m). Including this amount would give a total 
adjusted net cash of £1.4m (FY22: Adjusted net cash £2.8m) and a ratio of adjusted net cash to adjusted Group 
EBITDA before IFRS 16 of 0.31x (FY22: Adjusted net cash 0.54x) 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Fixed Assets reduced in the year to £0.4m (FY22: £2.9m), following the purchase or lease of new fixed assets 
(£0.8m), less disposals (£0.3m), and adjusted for depreciation provided in the year (£1.4m) and negative foreign 
exchange movements (£0.2m) together with the reclassification of £1.4m of assets as held for sale at year end.. 

Intangible  Assets  decreased  to  £5.6m  (FY22:  £7.4m)  due  to  the  contracts  acquired  from  Uniti  £2.5m  less 
amortization of £1.7m together with impairment of goodwill and IP values by £1.9m  following a review in the 
year. Negative foreign exchange movements accounted for a (£0.4m) translation adjustment. £0.4m carrying 
value was reclassified as assets held for sale. 

Working Capital  

Inventory  days  decreased  to  16  days  (FY22:  24  days)  as  stock  holdings  in  Australia  were  reduced  from  the 
planned high level in FY22 by £0.4m. Reclassification of £0.6m as held for sale resulted in a balance of £0.1m 
(FY22: £1.1m). Trade Debtor days increased to 14 days (FY22: 9 days) with a £0.7m increase in the closing 
Trade Debtors year on year. Trade Creditor days decreased to 70 days (FY22: 77 days) due to alignment of 
terms for a key network provider in Australia. 

Earnings per share  

Basic earnings per share  
Diluted earnings per share 
Non-GAAP Adjusted basic earnings per share 

Basic EPS  

2023 

2022 

(8.0p) 
(8.0p) 
7.1p 

(5.0p) 
(5.0p) 
5.4p 

Basic EPS was a loss of 8.0p per share in 2023, increasing from a loss of 5.0p in 2022, largely due to increased 
amortisation and exceptional costs. 

Diluted EPS 

Diluted EPS is  a calculation used to  gauge the quality of a company’s earnings per share (EPS)  if  all share 
options are exercised. Diluted EPS was a loss of 8.0p per share in 2023 from a loss of 5.0p in 2022. 

Basic adjusted earnings per share 

Adjusted basic EPS was a profit of 7.1p per share in FY23 from a profit of 5.4p in FY22. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Accounting standards 

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRS), as endorsed and adopted for use in the UK. There have been no changes to IFRS standards this year 
that have a material impact on the Group’s results. No forthcoming new IFRS standards are expected to have a 
material impact on the financial statements of the Group.  

Dividend 

The directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2022: £Nil)  

Going Concern  

The  Directors  have  prepared  and  reviewed  projected  cash  flows  for  the  Group,  reflecting  its  current  level  of 
activity and anticipated future plan for the next 12 months, from the date of signing. The Group is currently loss-
making, mainly because of depreciation, amortisation and exceptional charges. The business continues to grow 
customer numbers and revenue in key target markets and continues to monitor the short-term business model 
of the Group. 

The Board have identified the key risks, and these include: 
• 

Slower  revenue  growth,  EBITDA  and  cash  generation  if  sales  activities,  installations  or  activations 
decrease over the period  
Reduced ARPU if market pressures result in discounting customer products to support them 
Increased churn could be experienced if services levels are not as expected due to volumes of traffic, 
personnel shortages, and capacity constraints 
Increased bad debt as customers suffer income loss 

• 
• 

• 

The Board also recognises a number of significant mitigating factors that could protect the future going concern 
of the business. These include: 
• 

Super-fast Broadband is already an essential utility for many and even more so now, it is likely to be 
one of the last services that customers will stop paying for  
Support from network partners for the business and customers 
Strong support from banking partners with an increased RCF facility of £10m 

• 
• 

The Board has conducted stress tests against our business performance metrics to ensure that we can manage 
any continuing risks. We recognise that a number of our business activities could be impacted, and we have 
reflected these in this analysis including supply chain disruptions, delays in sales or installations, earnings, or 
cash generation. By modelling sensitivities in specific KPIs such as volume of activations, churn, ARPU, margin, 
overhead and FOREX, management is satisfied that it can manage these risks over the going concern period.    

Furthermore,  management  has  in  place  and  continues  to  develop  robust  plans  to  protect  EBITDA  and  cash 
during this period of uncertainty and disruption. Under this plan identified items include reducing discretionary 
spend, postponing discretionary Capex, reducing marketing, freezing all headcount increases and working with 
suppliers on terms particularly our network partners.   

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Financial Review (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

The  Board  believes  that  the  Group  is  well  placed  to  manage  its  business  risks  and  longer-term  strategic 
objectives successfully. The latest management information shows a strong net cash position, and in terms of 
volumes, ARPU and churn, we are in fact showing a strong position compared to prior year and budget and 
indeed the business is seeing a increase in demand in Australia. Accordingly, we continue to adopt the going 
concern basis in preparing these results. 

On behalf of the Board 

Frank Waters 

Chief Executive Officer 

17 May 2024 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

The Board and management regularly review and monitor the key risks involved in running and operating the 
business. The future success of the Group is dependent on the Board’s ability to implement its strategy. The 
model for the future development of the Group is reliant on its ability to achieve a critical mass of customers 
either through organic or inorganic customers growth, in Satellite, Fixed Wireless and 5G and its ability to derive 
revenue  from  these  customers  by  providing  excellent  technical  support,  a  value-added  customer  service, 
solution delivery and operational gearing. The table below sets out a number of the material risks together with 
relevant mitigating factors, with the risk rating explained on page 29. 

Risk 

Description 

Mitigation 

Risk 
Rating 
Medium 9 

The  Board  is  in  regular  dialogue  with 
network providers to  ensure appropriate 
capacity and products exists in Australia 
and Norway at an affordable price. New 
satellites and capacity changes from time 
to time, so it is vital the relationship with 
the satellite owners, both in Australia and 
Norway,  continues  to  prosper.  We  also 
work closely with the Network operators 
on integrations. 

The  Board  works  closely  with  satellite 
owners,  as  partners,  to  develop  short, 
medium  and  longer-term  sales  plans, 
target  opportunities  and  markets.  This 
close  working  relationship  ensures  that 
our activities are goal congruent with our 
service  providers  and  our  value  add  to 
their business is well understood. 

Medium 12 

Service 
level  agreements  exist  with 
satellite  operators  whose  satellites  are 
used  with  mission  critical  businesses. 
Despite  this  the  Cyber-attack  impacted 
on  our  Norwegian  customers  last  year.   
Newer  satellites  in  2023  with  steerable 
beams  and  a  wider 
list  of  satellite 
providers should reduce the risk. 

Dependence 
on satellite 
owners, 
satellite 
infrastructure 
and 5G 
providers for 
capacity and 
key contract 
terms 

The Group is dependent on its ability 
to purchase broadband capacity from 
satellite  and  5G  owners  in  Australia 
and  Norway  as  well  as  having  the 
ability  to  integrate  seamlessly  into 
their systems. The terms upon which 
satellite  owners  sell  such  capacity 
may change to the Group’s detriment 
and  the  Group  may  not  be  able  to 
secure  capacity  from  the  satellite 
owners with which it currently deals.  

The  Group’s  current  contractual 
agreements  with  the  satellite  owners 
are 
typically  non-exclusive,  are 
terminable  immediately  or  within  a 
short  timeframe  of  giving  notice,  do 
restrictive  covenants 
not  contain 
which  would  prevent 
the  satellite 
owners  from  directly  competing  with 
the Group and do not contain express 
provisions  obliging  them  to  continue 
providing  services  to  the  Group,  its 
and 
governments 
consequently 
its 
its 
operational results and its prospects. 
In the event of the failure of a satellite 
as was the case in the Cyber-attack in 
FY22,  the  Group  may  not  be  able  to 
supply  broadband  access  to  parts  of 
its customer base, which would have 
an  adverse  impact  on  the  Group’s 
relationship with its customers and its 
revenues, its operational results, and 
its prospects. 

revenues, 

partners 

Dependence 
on satellite 
infrastructure  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Risk 

Description 

Mitigation 

Acquisitions 

The  Group  believes  there  is  an 
opportunity to continue acquisition of 
customers  by  way  of  accretive  bolt-
ons in existing markets.  

in 

the 

terms 

The  Group 
to  conduct 
intends 
appropriate due diligence in respect 
of  acquisition  targets  and  to  identify 
any  material  issues  that  may  affect 
the  decision  to  proceed  with  the 
purchase  or  give  cause  for  concern 
post-acquisition 
of 
performance  or  liabilities  identified 
subsequent.  During 
due 
diligence  process  the  Group  is  only 
able to rely on the information that is 
available to it. That information may 
not  be  accurate  or  remain  accurate 
during  the  due  diligence  process. 
Any  of these outcomes may  have a 
the 
material  adverse  effect  on 
Group’s 
financial 
condition, or results of operations. 
There  may  be  competition 
from 
existing  and  emerging  alternative 
technologies,  such  as  Starlink,  fibre 
to  the  premises,  improved  versions 
of  the  wide  area  radio  network  or 
In 
mesh  radio 
the 
technologies 
that 
event 
become  widely 
the 
Group’s  subscriber  base,  revenues, 
results 
and 
adversely 
prospects  may 
affected. 

technologies. 

operations 

business, 

available, 

such 

from 

be 

Competition from 
existing/emerging 
alternative 
technologies 

is  mitigated  as 

Roll up strategies are inherently risky. 
This  risk 
far  as 
possible  by  working  closely  with 
teams, 
management 
existing 
professional  advisors  and  network 
operators  to  reduce  the  risks  during 
the acquisition stage.  

In  addition,  dedicated  resources  are 
deployed internally to support the due 
diligence process and to on-board the 
businesses into the Group and further 
system 
enhance  our  operating 
capabilities to reduce on going risk. 

it  by 

to  mitigate 

The  Board  recognises  this  risk  and 
seeks 
regular 
dialogue in the marketplace with other 
the 
solution  providers 
Group’s 
adjusted 
offering 
accordingly 
the  market 
to  meet 
demands and changing landscape as 
evidenced by the PBSE with Starlink. 

to  ensure 

is 

indicate 

announcements 

in 
Government 
Australia 
support  will 
continue  to  be  provided  for  satellite 
and  wireless  providers.  We  remain 
confident this will continue within the 
jurisdictions in which we operate, with 
a  fibre  offering  now  available  to  our 
customer base.    

Government 
policy and 
increased 
investment in 
fibre roll-out 

the 

Given 
importance  of  digital 
connectivity  to  the  economy,  it  may 
be the case that many governments 
further  invest  in  fibre  roll-out  thus 
reducing the market size for satellite 
and wireless broadband. 

24 

Risk 
Rating 
Low 3 

Medium 9 

Medium 6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Risk 

Description 

Mitigation 

System reliance 

and 

sustained 
Continued 
testing  of 
the 
development  and 
existing  systems 
is  undertaken 
regularly.  Enhancements  are  rolled 
out during the course of the year to 
reduce risks. 

Group 

believes 

The 
the 
proprietary  technology  platform, 
Pathfinder,  built  on  Microsoft 
technology  is  a  key  contributor  to 
the  operational  success  of  the 
business  as  well  as  the  more 
localised systems. In the event of 
a system failure of the platform or 
any  other  technology  or  system 
operated  by  a  third-party,  short-
term operations would be affected 
adversely. 

Dependence on key 
executives 

The performance of the Group will 
depend  heavily  on  its  ability  to 
retain  the  services  of  the  Board 
and to recruit, motivate and retain 
further  suitably  skilled  personnel. 
The  loss  of  the  services  of  key 
individuals  may  have  an  adverse 
effect on the business, operations, 
customer 
and 
results. 

relationships 

is  scope 

the  management 

The  Board  will  continue  to  ensure 
that 
team  are 
appropriately  incentivised  and  that 
there 
to  appropriately 
incentivise  new  key  personnel 
where required. The Group operates 
various  share  option  schemes  and 
management  incentive  plans  which 
enable  employees  to  benefit  from 
continued  growth  and  delivering 
shareholder returns. It also ensures 
that  the  management  team,  staff 
and  shareholders  objectives  are 
aligned. 

Risk 
Rating 
Medium 9 

Medium 8 

Fraud, including cyber 
attacks 

As  a  provider  of  broadband 
solutions, the Group is a potential 
target  and  products  may  have 
vulnerabilities 
be 
targeted  by  attacks  specifically 
designed  to  disrupt  the  Group’s 
business and harm its reputation.  

that  may 

technical  staff 
The  Group  have 
specialist 
outside 
including 
on 
who 
contractors 
investigation  and  mitigation  of  risks 
related to fraud and cyber-attacks. 

focus 

Medium 9 

it 

systems, 

If an actual or perceived breach of 
security  occurs  in  the  Group’s 
internal 
could 
the  markets 
adversely  affect 
perception of the Group’s products 
or  internal  control  systems.  In 
addition,  a  security  breach  could 
affect the Group’s ability to provide 
support for customers. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Biannual  review  undertaken  of  key  risk 
areas by consultants as appropriate 

Risk 
Rating 
Medium 6 

This  continues  to  be  monitored  by  the 
Board  with  our  professional  advisors, 
satellite  and  wireless  operators  and 
insurance specialists. 

Medium 6 

Medium 6 

The  Group  monitors  foreign  exchange 
regularly  and,  when  a 
exposure 
transactional  exposure  is  not  covered 
through  a  natural  hedge,  consideration 
will  be  given  in  entering  into  a  hedge 
arrangement  such  as  forward  contracts 
and Options. 

Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Risk 

Description 

Mitigation 

Ineffective 
Control 
environment 

Force 
majeure 

Foreign 
Exchange 
Rate 
Volatility 

or 

damaging 

The financial performance of the Group 
depends  on  operating  within  a  robust 
control  framework.  The  breaching  of 
this environment would result in loss to 
the  business  as  well  as 
risks 
associated with reputation. 
The  Group’s  operations  now  or  in  the 
future  may  be  adversely  affected  by 
risks outside its control, including space 
debris 
destroying 
satellites,  labour  unrest,  civil  disorder, 
war, subversive activities or sabotage, 
fires, 
floods,  explosions  or  other 
catastrophes, epidemics, or quarantine 
restrictions. 
The  geographic  spread  of  the  Group 
results  are 
financial 
means 
affected  by  movements 
foreign 
exchange  rates,  with  only  2%  of  the 
revenue  currently  being 
Group’s 
risk 
generated 
presented by currency fluctuations may 
affect business forecasting and create 
volatility 
results  and  cash 
holdings. 

in  Sterling.  The 

that 

the 

in 

in 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Risk 

Description 

Mitigation 

This  continues  to  be  monitored 
by 
our 
the  Board  with 
professional advisors. 

General 
economic 
conditions 

Market  conditions,  particularly 
those  affecting 
telecoms  and  technology  companies  may  affect 
the  ultimate  value  of  the  Group’s  share  price, 
regardless  of  operating  performance.  The  Group 
could be affected by unforeseen events outside its 
control, including, natural disaster, terrorist attacks 
and  political  unrest and  government legislation  or 
policy.  The  market  perception  of  telecoms  and 
technology  companies  may  change  which  could 
impact  on  the  value  of  investors’  holdings  and 
impact on the ability  of  the Group to raise further 
funds.  General  economic  conditions  may  affect 
exchange rates, interest rates and inflation rates. 

Risk 
Rating 
Medium 9 

Probability  
1. 
Improbable (unlikely to occur) 
2.  Remote (unlikely, though possible) 
3.  Occasional (likely to occur occasionally during standard operations) 
4.  Probable (not surprised, will occur in a given time) 
5.  Frequent (likely to occur, to be expected) 

Severity 

1.  Negligible (the risk will not result in serious corporate disruption, or has a remote possibility of loss) 
2.  Marginal (the risk could cause corporate disruption, or loss but its effects would not be serious) 
3.  Moderate (the risk can result in corporate disruption or loss) 
4.  Critical (the risk can result in corporate disruption or loss) 
5.  Catastrophic (the risk is capable of causing serious corporate disruption and or loss) 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Corporate Responsibility  

BBB is committed to being an equal opportunities employer and is focused on hiring and developing talented 
people. The health and safety of our employees, and other individuals impacted by our business, is taken very 
seriously,  and  is  reviewed  by  the  Board  on  an  ongoing  basis.  A  Company  statement  regarding  the  Modern 
Slavery Act 2015 is available on the Company’s website at www.bbb-plc.com. As a manufacturer and distribution 
business,  there  is  a  risk  that  some  of  the  Group’s  activities  could  have  an  adverse  impact  on  the  local 
environment.  Policies  are  in  place  to  mitigate  these  risks,  and  all  of  the  businesses  within  the  Group  are 
committed to full compliance with all relevant health and safety and environmental regulations. 

The Strategic Report was approved by the Board of Directors on 17 May 2024 and was signed on its behalf 
by: 

Frank Waters 

Chief Executive Officer 

17 May 2024 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Section 172 (1) Statement 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

In  accordance  with  section  172  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  each  of  our  directors  acts  in  the  way  that  they 
consider, in good faith, would most likely promote the success of the Group for the benefit of its members as a 
whole. 

Consequences of any decisions in the longer-term 

• interests of our colleagues 

• need to foster the Group’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and other key stakeholders 

• impact of the Group’s operations on communities and the environment 

• desirability of the Group maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct 

• need to act fairly as between members of the Group. 

The directors take into account the views and interests of a wider set of stakeholders, and you can find out more 
about how the Group engages with its stakeholders below on pages 43, 44 and 53. During the year the Board 
and its committee’s received papers, presentations and reports, participated in discussions and considered the 
impact of the Group’s activities on its key stakeholders (wherever relevant). We acknowledge that every decision 
we make will not necessarily result in a positive outcome for all of our stakeholders and the Board frequently 
has to make difficult decisions based on competing priorities. By considering the Group’s purpose and values 
together with its strategic priorities and having a process in place for decision making, we do, however, aim to 
balance those different perspectives. 

In terms of particular stakeholder groups 

• Customers, employees, suppliers, community and environment: see the future prospects and key performance 
indicator  sections  of  the  Strategic  Report.  Additionally,  other  forms  of  interaction  with  different  groups  are 
maintained, including employee forums where appropriate, newsletters and group broadcasts.  

•  Shareholders:  we  would  guide  you  to  the  entire  report  and  to  take  advantage  of  the  details  in  the  investor 
sector of our portal on the website (www.bbb-plc.com). 

How does the Board engage with stakeholders? 

The Board will sometimes engage directly with stakeholders on certain issues such as remuneration schemes, 
strategic  direction,  investment  and  fundraising  issues.  The  Board  considers  information  from  across  the 
organisation to help it understand the impact of the Group’s operations, and the interests and views of our key 
stakeholders in maximising shareholder value. It also reviews strategy, financial and operational performance, 
as well as information covering areas such as key risks, and legal and regulatory compliance. As a result of 
these activities, the Board has an overview of engagement with stakeholders, and other relevant factors, which 
enable the directors to comply with their legal duty under section 172 of the Companies Act 2006. For details on 
how  the  Board  operates  and  the  way  in  which  the  Board  and  its  committees  reach  decisions,  including  the 
matters we discussed during the year, see pages 42 to 52. 

Key strategic decisions 

Decisions taken by the Board and its committees consider the interests of our key stakeholders, the impacts of 
these decisions and the need to foster the Group’s business relationship with customers, suppliers and other 
stakeholders, as well as engagement with our employees. Papers submitted to the Board consider the impact 
on key stakeholders. Directors have had regard to the matters set out in section 172(1) (a)-(f) of the Companies 
Act 2006 when discharging their section 172 duties.  

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Strategic Report 
Section 172 (1) Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Directors’ Remuneration Policy 

Back  in  2018  we  sought  the  guidance  from  our  major  Institutional  Investors  on  developing  a  new  Directors’ 
Remuneration  Policy  (the  Policy)  regarding  Long  Term  Incentive  Plans  “LTIP’s”.  The  Group  HR  director 
(independent consultant) and our NOMAD liaised with various stakeholders including the Executive Committee 
and all non-executive directors to understand their views of the remuneration arrangements  of the Group and 
the alignment of remuneration to our strategy and priorities over the short and medium term. These views were 
shared with the Remuneration Committee alongside information on the wider workforce remuneration structure, 
external market practice, corporate governance regulations and institutional guidelines. This was implemented. 
Post the Disposals, consideration was given to ensuring we continue to have in place a remuneration structure 
including Management Incentive Plans that benefits the Group’s employees whilst ensuring executive reward 
aligns with shareholders’ short and mid-term interests. In particular the Management Incentive Plan launched in 
2018 was required under the terms to be reviewed in the period. No changes were made during the period, 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Directors’ Report 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

The Directors present their report together with the audited financial statements for the year ended 30 November 
2023. 

Results and dividends 

The results include those of BBB PLC and its subsidiaries for the full year including continued and discontinued 
activities and are set out in the financial statements on pages 73 to 114. 

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a final dividend for the financial year ended 30 November 2023.  

Directors and their interests 

The Directors who served during the year are set out below, together with their beneficial interests in the ordinary 
shares of the Group.  Biographical details are included on pages 38 to 40.  

Appointed 

Michael Tobin  
Andrew Walwyn1  
Frank Waters  
Paul Howard2 
Christopher Mills4 
Philip Moses3 

29 Sept 2015 
12 May 2015 
12 May 2015 
29 Sept 2015 
23 May 2018 
    21 May 2020 

2023 
Ordinary 
shares of 
15p each 

489,823 
3,320,553 
325,090 
216,243 
258,334 
10,000 

2023 
Share 
options  

- 
215,815 
218,324 
66,666 
- 
- 

2022 
Ordinary 
shares of 
15p each 

489,823 
3,294,004 
325,090 
149,577 
258,334 
- 

2022 
Share 
options 

- 
215,815 
218,324 
133,333 
- 
- 

Total 

4,620,043 

500,805 

4,516,828 

567,472 

1  In  December  2022  Andrew  Walwyn  purchased  26,549.  Following  the  purchase,  he  has  a  beneficial  interest  in 
3,320,553 Ordinary Shares, representing 5.68% of the Company's issued share capital. 

2 In December 2022 Paul Howard purchased 66,666 shares. Following the purchase, he has a beneficial interest in 
216,243 Ordinary Shares, representing 0.37% of the Company's issued share capital. 

3 In December 2022 Philip Moses purchased 10,000 Ordinary Shares. Following the purchase Philip Moses has a 
beneficial interest representing 0.02% of the Company's issued share capital. 

4 In February 2023 Christopher Mills purchased a total of 200,000 shares, increasing his indirect interest to 14,700,000 
shares in the Company (through his interests in Oryx International Growth Fund Limited, Harwood Capital LLP and 
North  Atlantic  Smaller  Companies  Investment  Trust).  His  total  indirect  and  direct  holdings  is  14,958,334  shares 
representing 25.3% of the issued share capital.  

As at the 30 November included in the above were 500,805 Share options vested but remaining unexercised. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Directors’ Report (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Directors and their interests (continued) 

Directors’ insurance and indemnities 

The Group maintains directors’ and officers’ liability insurance which gives appropriate cover for any legal action 
brought against its directors. In accordance with section 236 of the Companies Act 2006, qualifying third- party 
indemnity provisions are in place for the directors in respect of liabilities incurred as a result of their office, to the 
extent  permitted  by  law.  Both  the  insurance  and  indemnities  applied  throughout  the  financial  year  ended  30 
November 2023 and through to the date of this report. 

Directors share options 

The Group has established an EMI option scheme and an ‘unapproved’ share option scheme, pursuant to which 
the Chief Executive Officer and other members of staff have been or may be granted share options.   

As explained in the Company’s 6 September 2021 circular to shareholders, adjustments were made to all options 
granted under the above schemes that were outstanding at the time the return of value detailed in that document 
became effective.  In particular, the exercise price payable under those options was reduced by 45 pence per 
share (being an amount equal to the return of value).  

Details of the options that have been granted to Directors under the EMI and unapproved schemes and which 
were outstanding during the year to 30 November 2023, are as follows: 

Director 

Scheme 

Date of 
grant 

No. of 
shares 
under 
option at 30 
November 
2022 

Exercised 
during the 
year 

No. of shares 
under option 
at 30 
November 
2023 

Exercise price 
(pence) per 
share at 30 
November 2023 
(or date of 
exercise if 
earlier)2 

Normal 
expiry date 

Andrew 
Walwyn 

EMI 

21/12/16 

51,942 

Frank Waters 

EMI 

21/12/16 

217 

Frank Waters  Unapproved 

21/12/16 

86,450 

- 

- 

- 

51,942 

217 

86,450 

Paul Howard1  Unapproved 

30/03/16 

66,666 

66,666 

- 

Paul Howard 

Unapproved 

21/12/16 

66,666 

- 

66,666 

69.45 

69.45 

69.45 

33.75 

69.45 

21/12/26 

21/12/26 

21/12/26 

- 

21/12/26 

Total 

271,941 

66,666 

205,275 

1 In December 2022 Paul Howard exercised 66,666 shares. Following the exercise, he has a beneficial interest 
in 216,243 Ordinary Shares, representing 0.37% of the Company's issued share capital. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Directors’ Report (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Notes: 

(1) 

(2) 

All options included in the above table were capable of being exercised in full throughout the year to 30 
November 2023 and will normally remain so until the tenth anniversary of their original date of grant. 

As explained above, a 45 pence per share reduction was applied to the exercise price of all options that 
were outstanding at the time the 2021 return of value became effective. 

Directors and their interests (continued) 

Following  consultation  with  a  number  of  shareholders  and  as  highlighted  in  previous  reports,  the  Group  has 
established a Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”) and more recently a Management Incentive Plan, pursuant to 
which the Chief Executive Officer and other members of staff have been or may be granted awards. There were 
no awards made under the existing LTIP arrangements in FY23. However, as also explained in the Company’s 
6 September 2021 circular to shareholders, appropriate mechanisms have been put in place to provide cash 
compensation to LTIP participants who exercise their awards after the time the return of value detailed in that 
document became effective.  In particular, these arrangements involve the payment to the relevant individual of 
an additional 45 pence per share in cash on any such exercise.  

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Directors’ Report (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Details of the options that have been granted to Directors and other staff members under the LTIP and which 
were outstanding during the year to 30 November 2023, are as follows: 

Director 

Scheme 

Date of 
grant 

No. of 
shares 
under 
option at 30 
November 
2022 

Exercised 
during 
the year 

Lapsed 
during 
the year1 

Andrew 
Walwyn 
Andrew 
Walwyn 

LTIP 

30/05/18 

99,359 

LTIP 

28/10/19 

64,514 

Frank Waters 

LTIP 

30/05/18 

79,826 

Frank Waters 

LTIP 

28/10/19 

51,832 

295,531 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Other staff 
members 

LTIP 

28/10/19 

85,884 

71,789 

14,095 

85,884 

71,789 

14,095 

No. of 
shares 
under 
option at 30 
November 
2023 

Exercise 
price (pence) 
per share at 
30 November 
2023 (or date 
of exercise if 
earlier) 

Normal 
expiry 
date 

99,359 

15.00 

30/05/28 

64,514 

15.00 

28/10/29 

79,826 

15.00 

30/05/28 

51,832 

15.00 

28/10/29 

295,531 

- 

- 

15.00 

N/A 

Total 

381,415 

71,789 

14,095 

295,531 

Notes: 

(1) 

The  ability  to  exercise  awards  under  the  LTIP  is  conditional  on,  amongst  other  things,  the  continued 
employment of the individual within the Group and the satisfaction of specified performance conditions 
(which are regularly reviewed by the Remuneration Committee).  There were no lapsed  options in the 
year.  Following the vesting of an LTIP award, it will normally remain capable of exercise until the 10th 
anniversary of its original date of grant. 

(2) 

There was no exercise of LTIP awards during the year to 30 November 2023. 

The Directors’ beneficial interests in share options shown in the tables on the previous pages comprise options 
issued under the EMI option scheme, the “unapproved” option scheme and the LTIP. All such schemes, together 
with  other  Management  Incentive  Plans,  are  reviewed  at  least  annually  to  ensure  they  are  in  line  with 
shareholders’ expectations. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Directors’ Report (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Directors and their interests (continued) 

There are a number of performance conditions as well as time restrictions relating to the financial year ended 
30 November 2023 attached to these share schemes and are reviewed by the Remuneration Committee.   

Directors' Remuneration 

The following table shows emoluments paid and accrued to Directors during the financial year: 

                                                               Year ended 
Year ended 30 November 2023            30 November 
                                                             2022 
Total 

Total 

Salary/fees 
£000 

Bonus 
£000 

BIK 
£000 

Pension  emoluments  emoluments 

£000 

£000 

£000 

61  

 -  

 -  

 2  

63  

58  

246 

63 

6  

11  

326  

414  

Current Directors: 
Michael Tobin (Non-Executive 
Director and Chairman) 

Andrew Walwyn (Resigned 17 
May 2024) 

Frank Waters (Chief Executive 
Officer)  

Paul Howard (Non-Executive 
Director)  

         224 

55 

7  

          41  

- 

   - 

Christopher Mills (Non-Executive 
Director) 

37 

Philip Moses (Non-Executive 
Director)  

          41 

 -  

- 

 - 

- 

9  

- 

 - 

- 

295  

421  

41 

39 

37  

41 

35  

39 

650 

118  

  13 

      22 

803  

1,006  

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
               
 
 
 
                     
                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            
       
            
           
                   
                   
 
           
           
 
            
             
                 
                 
     
    
 
 
              
 
 
 
                     
                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Directors’ Report (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Service Contracts 

The Chief Executive Officer has a service contract with the Company that are terminable by either party on not 
less than 12 months prior notice. The non-executive Directors have service contracts with the Company that are 
terminable by either party on not less than 3 months’ prior notice. 

Pensions and Private Healthcare 

There  are  pensions  and  private  healthcare  arrangements  in  place  for  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  as  well  as 
central team members as agreed with individuals. 

Substantial shareholdings 

As at 30 November 2023 the Group was aware of the following interests in 3% or more of its issued voting share 
capital: 

Shareholder 

Harwood Capital LLP 

Richard Griffiths 

Liontrust Asset Management 

Gresham House Asset Management 

BGF Investment Management Limited 

Hargreaves Lansdown Nominees Limited 

Mr Andrew Walwyn 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited 

Employee involvement 

% Holding 

No. of shares 

24.9 

11.5 

9.0 

8.9 

7.8 

6.4 

5.7 
5.4 

14,560,000 

6,739,374 

5,279,671 

5,203,644 

4,544,444 

3,730,787 

3,320,553 
3,136,350 

The Group's policy is to encourage involvement at all levels, as it believes this is essential for the success of the 
business.  Employees  are  encouraged  to  present  their  views  and  suggestions  in  respect  of  the  Group’s 
performance and policies. 

Financial risk management objectives and policies 

The Group's financial instruments comprise cash, liquid resources and various items, such as trade receivables 
and  trade  payables  that  arise  directly  from  its  operations.  The  main  risks  arising  from  the  Group's  financial 
instruments are currency risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Directors review the policies for 
managing  each  of  these  risks  on  an  on-going  basis  and  they  are  summarised  in  note  24  to  the  financial 
statements.  

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Board of Directors 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Directors 

Appointment 

Committee 
Membership 

Michael Tobin OBE 
Non-Exec Chairman 

Paul Howard 
Non-Executive 
Director 

Christopher Mills 
Non-Executive 
Director 

Philip Moses 
Non-Executive 
Director 

joined 

Michael 
became  Chairman 
2015 

the  Board  and 
in  September 

Paul 
joined 
September 2015. 

the  Board 

in 

Christopher 
Board in May 2018. 

joined 

the 

Phil  joined  the  Board  in 
May 2020 

Michael chairs the Board’s 
Remuneration and Nomination 
Committees and is a member of the 
Audit and Risk Committee. 

Paul  serves  on  the  Board’s 
remuneration  and  Audit  and 
Risk Committees. 

None 

the  Board’s 
Phil  chairs 
Audit and Risk Committee. 

Independence 

The Board consider Michael to be an 
independent Director. 

The  Board  consider  Paul  to 
be an independent Director. 

Board 

The 
consider 
Christopher  to  be  a  non-
independent Director. 

The Board consider Phil to 
independent 
be 
Director. 

an 

Background 
and Experience 

Michael  is  a  highly  successful  serial 
technology  entrepreneur  &  pioneer 
with over 30 years' experience in the 
telecoms & technology sector. 

As  Chief  Executive,  Michael  Tobin 
OBE led Telecity Group plc, a leading 
FTSE250 Technology company from 
2002 to 2015. 

Michael 
in  2002 
joined  Redbus 
delisting  it  from  the  main  market  to 
AIM and then took it private, winning 
the 
London  Business  Awards 
"Business  Turnaround  of  the  Year" 
award in 2005. After engineering the 
merger with Telecity he successfully 
re-listed  Telecity  Group  in  October 
2007  winning  the  accolade  of  UK 
Innovation  Awards  IPO  of  the  year 
2008 
techMARK 
Achievement of the year in the same 
year.  

and 

the 

Subsequently  he  grew  the  business 
from £6m market cap in 2002 to being 
a  top  performer  in  the  FTSE250 
worth  over  £2Bn,  being  recognised 
as  Britain's  Most  admired  Tech 
Company in 2012. 

company 

founded 
Christopher 
Harwood 
Capital 
Management  in  2011,  a 
successor  of  the  former 
parent 
of 
Harwood,  J  O  Hambro 
Capital Management which 
he co-founded in 1993. He 
is  Chief  Executive  and 
Investment  Manager  of 
North  Atlantic  Smaller 
Investment 
Companies 
and  Chief 
Trust 
plc 
Investment  Officer 
of 
Harwood  Capital  LLP.  He 
is a Non-Executive Director 
companies. 
of 
Christopher was a Director 
of  Invesco  MIM,  where  he 
was 
of  North 
American Investments and 
Venture  Capital,  and  of 
Montagu 
Samuel 
International. 

several 

head 

Phil  has  held  CFO  level 
roles  in  both  telco  and 
infrastructure companies in 
the  UK  and  internationally 
for the last 20 years.  

He  held  several  divisional 
CFO  positions  at  BT  as 
well  as  that  of  IR  director 
and Group Controller. 

Subsequently,  he  was 
Group  CFO  at  p/e  owned 
Arqiva,  the  UK’s  largest 
communications 
tower 
company;  at  London  City 
Airport  and  at  pan-African 
fibre  and  data  centre 
provider Liquid Telecom. 

Phil  has  a  mathematics 
BSc 
from  Warwick 
university and is an FCCA. 

ranked 

Paul spent over 15 years with 
J.P  Morgan  Cazenove  as  a 
telecoms  and  media  analyst 
and  was  one  of  Cazenove's 
youngest  ever  partners.  He 
won  numerous  awards  from 
Reuters  and  Starmine  and 
was  Head  of  the  Number 
One 
European 
telecoms  research  team  as 
ranked  by  the  Institutional 
Investor  in  2011.  Paul  left 
Cazenove 
in  2011  and 
became an investor and non-
executive  director  of  various 
small  telecoms  companies. 
He  also  spent  a  year  with 
in  2015 
Morgan  Stanley 
helping 
their  Select  Risk 
equity trading business. Paul 
has  a  BSc  from  Durham 
University  in  Maths  and  is  a 
qualified accountant. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Board of Directors (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Directors (continued) 

Michael Tobin OBE 
Non-Exec Chairman 

Paul Howard 
Non-Executive 
Director 

Christopher Mills 
Non-Executive 
Director 

Philip Moses 
Non-Executive 
Director 

Background and 
Experience 
(continued) 

External 
appointments 

subsidiary 

that,  he  ran 

Prior to joining Telecity Group, Michael 
headed-up 
e-Commerce 
Fujitsu's 
in  Frankfurt,  Germany. 
operations 
ICL's  Danish 
Before 
outsourcing 
of 
out 
Copenhagen  Denmark.  He  also  held 
several senior positions based in Paris 
for  over  11  years  including  Business 
Development  Director  at  International 
Computer  Group  coordinating  global 
distribution  of  IT  infrastructure.  As  a 
Non-Exec  Director,  Michael  was 
instrumental  in  transforming  PACNET 
in  Hong  Kong  from  a  Sub  Sea  Cable 
operator  to  a  successful  Data  centre 
operator culminating in its sale in 2016 
to Telstra for $800m. 

was 

named 

Michael  was  named  'UK  IT  Services 
Entrepreneur  of  the  Year'  by  Ernst  & 
Young  in  2009,  2010  &  2011;  PWC 
Tech  CEO  of  the  Year  2007;  London 
'Business 
Chamber  of  Commerce 
Person of the Year' for 2009 & 2010; In 
2009 
techMARK 
'Personality  of  the  Year';  In  2007  & 
2009  he  was  the  winner  of  the  DCE 
Outstanding Leader of the Year, and in 
2008  won 
'Data  Centre  Business 
Person of the Year' at the Data Centre 
Leaders  awards.  He  was  awarded 
'Outstanding  Contribution 
the 
Industry'  at  the  Data  Centre  Europe 
awards and in 2011 received a Lifetime 
Achievement Award for services to the 
industry. 
In  2005  he  was  named 
number  31  of  Britain's  Top  50 
Entrepreneurs.  

to 

In 2015 Michael was honoured in the 
Queens New Year’s Honours List with 
the Order of the British Empire medal 
for Services to the Digital Economy. 
Michael  holds  a  number  of  non-
roles 
executive  and  Chairmanship 
including  EdgeConneX,  Audioboom, 
Ultraleap, 
NorthC 
Datacenters,  Everarc  PLC,  Sungard 
Availability  Services,  DC  Byte, 
Instrumental,  ScaleUp  Group  UK. 
LeaseWeb, 
Lewis  Moody 
Foundation where he is Ambassador 

Pulsant, 

The 

Paul  holds  a  number  of 
including 
executives  roles, 
Chairman 
of  Quickline 
Communications Ltd 

holds 

Christopher 
a 
number of non-executive 
roles. 

Phil was appointed CFO of 
Osborne  Infrastructure  Ltd 
in  January  2022,  which 
was rebranded as Octavius 
Infrastructure Ltd in 2022. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Board of Directors (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Directors (continued) 

Appointment 

Frank Waters 
Chief Executive Officer 
Frank joined the Board as CFO on the completion of the reverse acquisition in May 2015. 

Committee Membership 

None 

Independence 

Executive – non-independent 

External appointments 

Frank holds a number of non-executive directorships in sports clubs and businesses. In addition, Frank is 
a NED for Quickline Communications Ltd 

Frank qualified as a Chartered Accountant (ICAS) with Ernst & Young in 1989. Frank has spent the last 
20  years,  primarily  as  finance  director,  in  a  number  of  fast-growing  entrepreneurial  companies  in  the 
mobile, consumer electronics and technology sectors.  

Frank  was  instrumental  in  the  sale  of  DX  Communications  alongside  Andrew  Walwyn  to  what  is  now 
Telefonica. 

Frank joined Bigblu Broadband in the summer of 2013 and, as Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for 
all Group finance, commercial, legal, regulatory, HR, IT and M&A matters. 

Frank moved into the role of Chief Executive Officer immediately after the resignation of the CEO 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, Directors’ Report and the financial statements 
in accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

UK Company law requires the directors to prepare Group and Company Financial Statements for each financial 
year.    Under  that  law  the  directors  are  required  to  prepare  Group  Financial  Statements  in  accordance  with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’) as adopted by the UK and the rules of the London Stock 
Exchange for companies trading securities on the Alternative Investment Market. The Directors have chosen to 
prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the UK. 

The Group financial statements are required by law and IFRS adopted by the UK to present fairly the financial 
position, financial performance and cash flows of the Group for that year. 

In preparing each of the group and company financial statements, the directors are required to: 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• 
•  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
• 

state that the Group had complied with IFRS, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained 
in the financial statements; 
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 
the Group and the Company will continue in business. 

• 

The directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records which disclose with reasonable accuracy 
at any time the financial position of the Group and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply 
with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation.  They are also responsible 
for safeguarding the assets of the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection 
of fraud and other irregularities. 

Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ 
from legislation in other jurisdictions.  

On behalf of the Board 

Frank Waters 

Chief Executive Officer 

17 May 2024 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Dear Shareholder,  

At  Bigblu  Broadband  plc  all  our  stakeholders  are  important  to  us.  The  design  and  operation  of  a  robust 
governance structure appropriate for a group of our scale and ambition is critical to meeting their needs. Our 
approach  to  governance  is  based  on  the  concept  that  good  corporate  governance  enhances  long-term 
shareholder value and sets the culture, ethics and values for the rest of the Group. 

The Board has ultimate responsibility for reviewing and approving the Annual Report and Accounts and it has 
considered and endorsed the arrangements for their preparation. The Directors confirm the Annual Report and 
Accounts, taken as a whole is fair, balanced and understandable and provides the information necessary for 
shareholders to assess the Group's position and performance, business model and strategy. 

Michael Tobin OBE 

17 May 2024 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Quoted Companies Alliance Code for Small & Mid-sized Quoted Companies  

The board of Bigblu Broadband Group plc (the “Company”) is responsible for the Group’s corporate governance 
policies and recognises the importance of high standards of corporate  governance and integrity. The Group 
adopted the Quoted Companies Alliance Code for Small & Mid-sized Quoted Companies (the “QCA Code”) in 
September 2018. This statement sets out how the Group complies with the 10 principles of the QCA Code. 

1. Strategy & business model 

The Group is an alternative broadband provider who markets and delivers broadband services to homes and 
businesses  mainly  located  in  areas  of  unserved  underserved  telecoms  infrastructure.  The  Group’s  target 
customers are residential and businesses who are typically not served by fibre to the premise’s broadband. The 
Group is technology agnostic and uses a variety of technologies to deliver a super-fast broadband service to 
target customers including satellite broadband, 4G, 5G and licensed and unlicensed spectrum fixed wireless 
broadband (point to point and point to multi-point) and fibre. 

The continuing Group has customers in Australia totalling 55.3k as at 30 November 2023. The continuing Group 
remains focussed on growing organically and inorganically the Continuing Group and works closely with network 
partners to ensure we get the best customer offers in each jurisdiction. At the same time ensuring the continuing 
operations are well positioned to realise value for our shareholders. 

Together  with  local  bespoke  systems  the  Group’s  cloud-based  global  billing  and  customers  service  (ERP) 
platform, Pathfinder, enables it to support customers around the world in any language the customer chooses, 
with the system supporting multiple currencies and VAT jurisdictions. The Group uses satellite capacity from a 
number of different satellite owners to enable it to provide satellite broadband services and these include but 
are not limited to Viasat, Telenor and NBNCo. The Group makes its decisions on which operator to use in each 
country based on a mixture of quality of their services, their product roadmap, business model, resultant price 
structure, and the amount of capacity available in a particular market. 

Satellite  design  and  processing  efficiency  continue  to  progress  at  a  pace  resulting  in  continually  improving 
satellite  economics  with  each  new  satellite  launch  allowing  the  Group  to  continue  to  improve  its  broadband 
offerings  and  keep  pace  with  the  growth  in  internet  demand.  Since  the  Group’s  inception  in  2008,  headline 
consumer  satellite  broadband  speeds  in  Australia  have  increased  from  4  Mbps  to  50  Mbps  and  the  Group, 
working with  its satellite owner partners, believes that speeds and data  allowances will continue to  increase 
exponentially over the next 3 – 5 years. 

Our Australian business SkyMesh, went from strength to strength with year-on-year overall customer growth of 
c.6% and of equal importance, strong customer engagement with c30% of new customers coming from word of 
mouth. During the year SkyMesh was also awarded the Whistleout 2023 Best Satellite NBN Co provider for the 
fourth year running. We further reinforced our close working relationship with NBN Co as it pro-actively extended 
the use of satellite in regional and remote Australia. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

2. Understanding and meeting shareholder needs and expectations 

The AGM is the main forum for dialogue with shareholders and the  Board. The Notice of Meeting is sent  to 
shareholders at least 21 clear days before the meeting. The chairs of the Board and all committees, together 
with all other Directors, routinely attend the AGM and are available to answer questions raised by shareholders. 
Feedback from investors is also obtained through direct interaction between the CEO and CFO at meetings 
following  the  publication  of  its  full-year  and  half-year  results.  The  Group  also  holds  an  open  retail  investor 
meeting  shortly  after  results  have  been  published.  There  is  also  regular  dialogue  with  investors  through  the 
medium of the Group’s corporate broker (Cavendish). 

The Company has a dedicated investor relations website at www.bbb-plc.com which aims to keep all types of 
investor  fully  informed  and  up  to  date  on  the  Group’s  activities,  share  price  and  future  meetings  as  well  as 
supplying documents and information which may be of general interest. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Details of specific contacts at Cavendish are published on all the Group’s RNS releases and on the Group’s 
investor website. 

3.  Taking  into  account  wider  stakeholder  &  social  responsibilities  &  their  implications  for  long-term 
success 

The  long-term  success  of  a  business  and  good  Corporate  Governance  includes  the  Board  considering  the 
Group's  impact  on  the  communities  it  operates  in,  the  environment  and  society  as  a  whole.  The  group’s 
stakeholders  include  shareholders,  customers,  members  of  staff,  suppliers,  regulators,  industry  bodies  and 
creditors including lenders. The  Board  works hard to  identify the Group’s stakeholders and  understand their 
needs, interests and expectations. 

The principal ways in which their feedback on the Group is gathered are via meetings, conversations, surveys 
and online reviews. Following this feedback, the Group has continued and evolved its clearly defined customer-
focused and people-led strategy. 

Every company should consider its corporate social  responsibilities (CSR). Any CSR policy should include a 
narrative  on  social  and  environmental  issues  and  should  show  how  these  are  integrated  into  the  Group's 
strategy. Integrating CSR  into strategy  will help create long-term value  and reduce risk to shareholders and 
other stakeholders. The Group see CSR as a very important area for consideration and are currently  in the 
process of finalising a CSR Policy. In the coming year we will be looking at setting carbon reduction targets 
following the TCFD recommendations (The Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures). 

The Directors are aware of the impact the business activities have on the communities in which it operates and 
has in place an environmental policy. The Group's responsibilities to stakeholders including staff, suppliers and 
customers and wider society are also recognised and this is evidenced and underpinned by our values: 

Innovation – Industry leading product design always exceeding customers’ expectations 

•  Customers – Grow profitable elements of the business whilst putting the customer first 
• 
•  Quality – Excellence in operations, processes and systems 
•  Environment – Engaging with and supporting the communities in which we work 
•  Teamwork – Support and engage with our people 

4. Embedding effective risk management 

The board of the Group ensures that its risk management framework identifies and addresses all the relevant 
risks  and  threats  that  the  business  may  be  subject  to  in  the  execution  of  its  business  plan.  These  include 
extended  business  activities  including  key  customers  and  its  supply  chain.  The  section  “Principal  Risks  and 
Uncertainties” on pages 24 to 28 of this Annual Report identifies these risks and how the Board and the business 
mitigate these risks. The board of the Group meets regularly during the year and continually reappraises and 
discusses the tactics and strategy employed to mitigate these risks. 

5. Maintaining a balanced and well-functioning board 

The  Company  ensures  a  balanced  board  membership  to  reflect  the  skills  and  attributes  needed.  The  board 
consists of two executive directors and four non-executive directors. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

The Board and its committees  

The  Board  is  responsible  for  the  effective  oversight  of  the  Group.  It  also  agrees  the  strategic  direction  and 
governance structure that will help achieve the long-term success of the Group and deliver shareholder value. 
The Board takes the lead in areas such as strategy, financial policy and making sure a sound system of internal 
control is maintained. The Board’s full responsibilities are set out in the schedule of matters reserved for the 
Board described below. The Board delegates authority to its committees to carry out certain tasks on its behalf, 
so that it can operate efficiently and give the right level of attention and consideration to relevant matters.  

Role of the Board and management 

Role of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 

There is a clear division of responsibilities between the running of the Board and the executive responsible for 
the Group’s business. 

The Chairman is responsible for leadership of the Board, ensuring its effectiveness and setting the agenda for 
Board meetings.  Once strategic objectives have been agreed by the Board, it is the Chief Executive Officer’s 
responsibility to ensure they are delivered upon and consistently to be accountable to the Board.  The day-to-
day operations of the Group are managed by the Chief Executive Officer and his management team. 

Board processes 

The full Group Board met ten times in the financial year under report and is scheduled to meet ten times in the 
current financial year and at any other time as may be necessary to address any specific significant matters that 
may arise. 

The agenda for Board meetings is prepared in conjunction with the Chairman. Submissions are circulated in 
advance  and  for  regular  Board  meetings  will  include  operational  and  financial  updates  together  with  papers 
relating to specific agenda items. 

Management  prepares  monthly  finance  reports  which  allow  the  Board  to  assess  the  Group's  activities  and 
review its performance.  Members of management are regularly involved in Board discussions and Directors 
have other opportunities for contact with a wider group of employees. 

To  assist  in  the  execution  of  its  responsibilities,  the  Board  has  established  an  Audit  and  Risk  Committee,  a 
Remuneration Committee and a Nominations Committee together with a framework for the management of the 
consolidated Group including a system of internal control. 

The Board is ultimately responsible for the Group's system of internal control and for reviewing its effectiveness. 
This  includes  financial,  operational  and  compliance  controls  and  risk-management  systems.  The  Board  has 
reviewed  the  effectiveness  of  the  system  of  internal  control  during  the  year  in  conjunction  with  the  External 
Auditors. 

Internal control systems are designed to meet the Group's particular needs and the risks to which it is exposed. 
Accordingly,  the  internal  control  systems  are  designed  to  manage  rather  than  eliminate  the  risk  of  failure  to 
achieve  
business  objectives  and  by  their  nature  can  only  provide  reasonable  and  not  absolute  assurance  against 
misstatement and loss. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Role and Responsibilities of the Board  

The Board's primary role is the protection and enhancement of long-term shareholder value. To fulfil this role, 
the  Board  is  responsible  for  the  overall  management  and  corporate  governance  of  the  consolidated  Group 
including its strategic direction, establishing goals for management and monitoring the achievement of these 
goals.  

From time to time the Board may delegate or entrust to any Director holding executive office (including the CEO) 
such of its powers, authorities and discretions for such time and on such terms as it thinks fit. The Board have 
in  place  a  Delegation  of  Board  authority  which  establishes  those  matters  which  it  is  considered  appropriate 
remain within the overall control of the Board (or its committees) and those which are delegated to the CEO (or 
onwards  as  appropriate).    In  addition  to  overall  Group  strategy,  the  Board  approves  the  annual  budget  and 
retains control over corporate activity (mergers, acquisitions, partnerships, material disposals and investments) 
and material contract and financing decisions (over and above set value/credit-risk limits). The Board considers 
that the current authority remains appropriate for the Board. 

Management's role is to implement the strategic plan established by the Board and to work within the corporate 
governance and internal control parameters established by the Board. 

The Board has approved a schedule of matters reserved for its decision; specifically, the Board is responsible 
for: 

•  Guiding the Group’s long-term strategic aims, leading to its approval of the Group’s strategy and  its 

budgetary and business plans  

•  Approval of significant investments, M&A and capital expenditure  
•  Approval of annual and half-year results  
•  Ensuring  maintenance  of  a  sound  system  of  internal  control  and  risk  management  (taking  into 

consideration recommendations of the Audit and Risk Committee) 

•  Ensuring  adequate  succession  planning  for  the  Board  and  Executive  management  (taking  into 

consideration the recommendations of the Nomination Committee)  

•  Determining the remuneration policy for the  Directors and the senior management  team (taking into 

consideration the recommendations of the Remuneration Committee)  

Board focus during the year  

•  Strategy and Funding:  

During FY23, the Board worked with management to identify and anticipate industry trends to ensure 
that the Group’s strategy is designed to address these trends as well as other industry dynamics, such 
as the competitive landscape.  

The Board also reviewed relationships with the Group’s main partners and suppliers. Together with our 
Partners over the past five years, the Group successfully executed its strategy of becoming a leading 
provider of last mile rural broadband solutions through a combined offering of both satellite, 5G and 
fixed wireless products.  

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

•  Financials:  

During  FY23,  the  Board  reviewed  the  Group's  operating  results  and  financial  statements  with 
management and the Group's external auditors. The Board also reviewed and approved the budget and 
operating plan for the financial year.  

•  Governance:  

The  Board  continues  to  review  its  governance  structure  following  the  adoption  of  the  QCA  Code  to 
ensure, where possible, the Company is compliant with the requirements applicable to a publicly listed 
group and the QCA Code. 

•  Business performance:  

In FY23, the Board received and reviewed reports from management on the performance of the Group’s 
business.  The  Board  continually  engages  with  management  on  various  aspects  of  business 
performance,  Key  Performance  Indicators,  including  business  drivers,  industry  trends,  risks, 
opportunities and the competitive landscape.  

Board committees  

The Board has established committees as follows: 

•  Audit and Risk Committee (chaired by Phil Moses) to oversee financial reporting, internal control and 

the management of the risks the Group faces.  

•  Nomination Committee (chaired  by Michael Tobin OBE) to lead the process for  appointments to the 

Board and a  

•  Remuneration Committee (chaired by Michael Tobin OBE) which has the responsibility of helping to 

develop and manage the Group’s Remuneration Policy.  

The  committee  reports  can  be  found  on  pages  53  to  65  and  each  committee’s  full  terms  of  reference  are 
available on our website. 

Table of Attendance  

The table below summarises the attendance of the Directors and committee members at the scheduled Board 
and committee meetings held during the year:  

Michael Tobin OBE* 
Andrew Walwyn 
Frank Waters 
Paul Howard 
Christopher Mills 
Philip Moses** 

Board 

Audit and Risk 
Committee 

Remuneration 
Committee 

Nomination 
Committee 

Held 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

Attended 
10 
10 
10 
10 
7 
9 

Held 
2 
- 
- 
2 
- 
2 

Attended 
2 
- 
- 
2 
- 
2 

Held 
4 
- 
- 
4 
- 
- 

Attended 
4 
- 
- 
4 
- 
- 

Held 
1 
1 
- 
1 
- 
- 

Attended 
1 
1 
- 
1 
- 
- 

The figures in the “held” column represent the number of meetings a Director was eligible to attend as a Director 
and the “attended” column represents the number of meetings attended by that Director.  
* Michael Tobin OBE is Chairman of the Board and Chairman of the Nomination and Remuneration Committees.  
** Philip Moses is Chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

6. Having appropriate experience, skills and capabilities on the board 

Board Composition, Qualification and Experience  

The Board currently comprises six (2022: six) Directors. The number and/or composition may be changed where 
it is felt that additional expertise is required in specific areas, or when an outstanding candidate is identified.  

The composition, experience and balance of skills on the Board are periodically reviewed to ensure that there 
is the right mix on the Board and its committees, and they are working effectively. The Board comprises a Non-
Executive Chairman (who, for the purposes of the QCA Code was independent on appointment and remains 
independent), three Non-Executive Directors, two of whom are considered by the Board to be independent for 
the purpose of the QCA Code. There are two Executive Directors who are considered by the Board to be non-
independent for the purpose of the QCA Code. 

The  current  members  of  the  Board  have  a  wide  range  of  skills  and  experience.  The  Board  believes  that  a 
membership that combines detailed knowledge of the Group’s operations, the technology industry and leading 
a group listed on the London Stock Exchange are crucial to the Board's ability to lead the Group successfully. 

The composition of the Board is determined using the following principles: 

•  a majority of the Board should be non-executive Directors. Currently there are 4 non-executive Directors 

• 
• 

and 1 executive Directors.  
the role of Chairman is to be filled by a non-executive Director, 
the  Board  should  have  enough  Directors  to  serve  on  various  committees  of  the  Board  without 
overburdening the Directors or making it difficult for them to fully discharge their responsibilities, 

•  Directors appointed by the Board are subject to election by shareholders at the following annual general 

meeting and thereafter one third of Directors are subject to retire by rotation each year. 

The  Company  Secretarial  service  is  provided  by  a  professional  services  company  in  order  to  conform  to 
requirements.   

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Key Board Roles  

Chairman 

Chief Executive Officer 

Non-Executive Directors 

Leads the Board 

Leads the management team 

Promotes highest standard of 
corporate governance 

Challenges strategic matters 

Supports the Chairman to ensure 
appropriate governance standards spread 
through the Group 
Raises strategic initiatives aimed at 
improving shareholder returns in line with 
the strategic direction of the Group 

Promotes a culture of openness 
and debate 

Oversees implementation of all Board-
approved actions 

Encourages constructive 
relations between Executive and 
Non-Executive Directors 
Facilitates effective contributions 
by the Non-Executive Directors 

Ensures that the Board is made aware of 
the employees' views on relevant issues 

Develops proposals for the Board to 
consider in conjunction with fellow 
Executive Directors 

Non-Executive Director Independence   

Acts as intermediary between 
Directors when required 

Challenges strategic initiatives 
presented by Executive Directors 
as well as assists in the 
development of Group Strategies 
Available to stakeholders to 
address any concerns or issues 
that they feel have not adequately 
been addressed through usual 
channels of communication. 
Integral role in succession 
planning 

The  Board  considers  and  reviews  the  independence  of  Non-Executive  Directors  regularly  as  part  of  the 
Directors’  performance  evaluation.  In  carrying  out  the  review,  consideration  is  given  to  factors  such  as  their 
character, judgement, commitment and performance on the Board and relevant committees and their ability to 
provide objective challenge to management.  

The  Board  considers  its  Independent  Non-Executive  Directors  bring  strong  judgement  and  considerable 
knowledge and experience to the Board’s deliberations.  

As  noted  in  the  Annual  Report  on  Remuneration  on  page  60,  Michael  Tobin  OBE,  and  Paul  Howard  both 
participate  in  the Group’s  share option plan. Notwithstanding this, both Michael Tobin and  Paul Howard  are 
considered independent in character and judgement, this is evidenced by the valuable contributions they make 
at Board and Committee meetings, and in particular, the knowledge and experience they bring to the roles as 
Chairman, Non-Executive Directors and Committee members. In addition, whilst Christopher Mills is considered 
Non-Independent, Christopher provides enormous guidance and support to the business and is considered to 
be independent in character and judgement. 

Appointment and Tenure 

All Non-Executive Directors serve on the basis of letters of appointment which are available for inspection upon 
request. The letters of appointment set out the expected time commitment of Non-Executive Directors who, on 
appointment,  undertake  that  they  will  have  sufficient  time  to  meet  what  is  expected  of  them.  Non-Executive 
Directors are appointed for an initial three-year term and the continuation of their appointment is conditional on 
satisfactory performance and subject to re-election at the Group’s Annual General Meetings.  

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Executive  Directors  serve  on  the  basis  of  service  agreements  which  are  also  available  for  inspection  upon 
request. Further details on the Executive Directors’ service agreements are included in the Annual Report on 
Remuneration, on page 59. 

Director Training  

The Chairman is responsible for the induction of new Directors and ongoing development of all Directors. The 
Board received tailored training as appropriate for service on a listed Company Board. New Directors will receive 
a full, formal and tailored induction on joining the Board designed to provide an understanding of the Group’s 
business,  governance  and  key  stakeholders.  The  induction  process  typically  includes  an  induction  pack, 
operational site visits, meetings with key individuals and the Group’s advisors, and briefings on key business, 
legal and regulatory issues facing the Group. 

As the business environment changes, it is important to ensure the Directors’ skills and knowledge are refreshed 
and updated regularly. Accordingly, the Nomad ensures that updates on corporate governance, regulatory and 
technical matters are provided to Directors at special sessions in between formal Board meetings. In this way, 
Directors  keep  their  skills  and  knowledge  relevant  so  as  to  enable  them  to  continue  to  fulfil  their  duties 
effectively.  

Information and Support Available to Directors 

All  Board  Directors  have  access  to  the  Company  Secretary,  who  advises  them  on  Board  and  governance 
matters. The Chief Executive Officer and the Company Secretary work together to ensure that Board papers 
are clear, accurate, delivered in a timely manner to Directors, and of sufficient quality to enable the Board to 
discharge its duties. As well as the support of the Company Secretary, there is a procedure in place for any 
Director to take independent professional advice at the Group’s expense in the furtherance of their duties, where 
considered necessary or advisable.  

Director Election  

Following  recommendations  from  the  Nomination  Committee,  taking  into  account  the  results  of  the  Board's 
performance evaluation process, the Board considers that all Directors continue to be effective, committed to 
their roles and have sufficient time available to perform their duties. In accordance with the Company’s Articles 
of Association one third of Directors are to retire by rotation excluding those appointed during the year and those 
re-elected at the Group’s AGM in 2023 as set out in the Notice of AGM. In accordance with the Company’s 
articles of association when a non-executive director has served for a period of nine years the non-executive 
director will be subject to annual retirement by rotation at each AGM. 

Directors’ Conflicts of Interest  

Directors must keep the Board advised, on an ongoing basis, of any interest that could potentially conflict with 
those of  the  Company.  Where the  Board believes that a significant conflict exists, the Director concerned is 
either not present or does not take part in discussions and voting at the meeting whilst the item is considered. 

Directors have a statutory duty to avoid situations in which they have, or may have, interests that conflict with 
those of the Company, unless that conflict is first authorised by the Directors. This includes potential conflicts 
that may arise when a director takes up a position with another Company. The Company’s Articles of Association 
allow the Board to authorise such potential conflicts, and there is in place a procedure to deal with any actual 
or potential conflict of interest. The Board deals with each appointment on its individual merit and takes into 
consideration all the circumstances.  

All other appointments have been authorised by the Board and have been included in the conflicts register.  

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Independent professional advice and access to Company information 

Each Director has the right of access to all relevant Group information and to the Group’s management and, 
subject  to  prior  consultation  with  the  Chairman,  may  seek  independent  professional  advice  at  the  Group's 
expense. A copy of any advice received by the Director is to be made available to all other members of the 
Board. 

7. Evaluating board performance  

The Board and its committees were formed upon listing in May 2015 and are reviewed from time to time.  A 
Board  Effectiveness Review was carried out during  2023 with the results being  analysed by the Nomination 
Committee  and  presented  to  the  Board.  A  small  number  of  proposed  recommendations  were  made  and 
implemented by the Board.   

8. Ethical values & behaviours 

The Company operates a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours. The Chief Executive 
Officer  communicates  regularly  with  staff  through  meetings  and  messages  to  ensure  best-in-class  ethical 
standards and to provide clear guidance on how the members of staff are expected to behave towards their 
colleagues,  suppliers,  customers,  shareholders  and  on  their  wider  responsibilities  to  the  communities  within 
which they operate. 

9. Maintaining governance structures and processes 

The Chairman is responsible for leadership of the Board, ensuring its effectiveness and setting the agenda for 
Board meetings. Once strategic objectives have been agreed by the Board, it is the  Chief Executive Officer’s 
responsibility to ensure they are delivered upon. The day-to-day operations of the Group are managed by the 
Chief Executive Officer. 

The division of responsibilities between the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Non-Executive Directors is 
set out in writing in their contracts and agreed by the Board. The roles of the Chairman and the Chief Executive 
Officer are separate with a distinct division of responsibilities. The partnership between Michael Tobin OBE and 
Andrew Walwyn is based on mutual trust and facilitated by regular dialogue between the two. The separation 
of authority enhances independent oversight of the executive management by the Board and helps to ensure 
that no one individual on the Board has unfettered authority. 

For the roles and responsibilities of the Board please see section 6 on page 49. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

10. Communicating with shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

Shareholder engagement  

Responsibility for shareholder relations rests with Frank Waters, the Chief Executive Officer. He ensures that 
there is effective communication with shareholders and is responsible for ensuring that the Board understands 
the views of shareholders. Andrew is supported by the Group's corporate brokers with whom he is in regular 
dialogue.  As  a  part  of  a  comprehensive  investor  relations  programme,  formal  meetings  with  investors  are 
scheduled to discuss the Group’s interim and final results. In the intervening periods, the Group continues its 
dialogue with the investor community by meeting key investor representatives and holding investor roadshows 
as appropriate. 

Annual General Meeting  

The Company’s Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) will be held  on 21 June 2024, and such notice of the AGM 
will be circulated to shareholders shortly. All shareholders have the opportunity to attend and vote, in person or 
by proxy, at the AGM. The notice of the AGM can be found on our website and in a notice, which is being mailed 
out at the same time as this Report. The Notice of AGM sets out the business of the meeting and an explanatory 
note on all proposed resolutions. Separate resolutions are proposed in respect of each substantive issue. The 
AGM is the Company’s principal forum for communication with private shareholders.  

Risk management and internal controls  

The Audit and Risk Committee report explains the process carried out for the assessment of the effectiveness 
of the Group’s risk management and internal control systems on page 54.  

Independent auditor and audit information 

Each person who is a Director at the date of approval of this report confirms that, so far as the Director is aware, 
there is no relevant audit information of which the Group’s auditor is unaware and each Director has taken all 
the steps that he or she ought to have taken as a Director to make himself or herself aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that the Group’s auditor is aware of that information. This confirmation is given and 
should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 

Haysmacintyre LLP have expressed their willingness to continue as the Group’s auditor. As outlined in the Audit 
and Risk Committee report on page 59, resolutions proposing their reappointment and to authorise the Audit 
and Risk Committee to determine their remuneration will be proposed at the next AGM. 

On behalf of the Board 

Ben Harber 

Company Secretary  

17 May 2024 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Nomination Committee Report 

The  Nomination  Committee  is  chaired  by  Michael  Tobin  OBE  and  its  other  members  during  the  year  were 
Andrew Walwyn and Paul Howard. 

Role and responsibilities 

The role of the Nomination Committee is documented in its terms of reference which were reviewed and adopted 
by the Board of Directors in May 2016.  

The Committee assists the Board in discharging its responsibilities relating to the composition and make-up of 
the Board and any committees of the Board. It is also responsible for periodically reviewing the Board’s structure 
and identifying potential candidates to be appointed as Directors or Committee members as the need may arise. 
The Committee  is responsible for evaluating the  balance of skills, knowledge and experience as well as the 
size, structure and composition of the Board and  committees of the Board, retirements and appointments of 
additional and replacement Directors and Committee members and makes appropriate recommendations to the 
Board on such matters, having regard to the Company’s aim to be an equal opportunity employer, addressing 
its corporate social responsibility by promoting equality and diversity in its workforce. A copy of the Committee 
terms of reference is available on the Company’s website. 

Meetings during the year  

A meeting of the Nomination Committee was held on 28th September 2023. 

Process for Board appointments  

When the Company decides to appoint a Non-Executive Director:  

•  The  Committee  Chairman,  or  search  consultants  where  engaged,  will  typically  submit  a  short-list  of 
candidates to members of the Committee and the Chief Executive Officer for them to review and enable 
them to suggest other candidates unless the Committee has been made aware of the availability of very 
suitable candidates. 

•  The Committee Chairman, one other Committee member and the Chief Executive Officer will then meet 
short-listed candidates selected by the Committee. In addition, potential candidates will be given the 
opportunity to meet with Executive Directors as appropriate. If the Chairman wishes to proceed with the 
selection process, the candidate will then be invited to meet all members of the Committee.  

•  After  meeting  the  candidate,  the  Committee  will  decide  whether  to  recommend  the  candidate  to  the 

Board for appointment. 

•  Where an exceptional candidate is identified the process may be shortened by Committee decision. 

When the Company decides to appoint an Chief Executive Officer: 

•  The Committee Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer or, where engaged, search consultants, will 
submit  a  short-list  of  one  or  more  candidates  to  the  Committee  following  meetings  with  Executive 
management.  

•  Some or all of the Committee members will then meet the candidates selected for interview.  
•  The Committee’s assessments will be reviewed with the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive 

Officer, following which a candidate may be recommended to the Board for appointment.  

Michael Tobin OBE  

Nomination Committee Chairman  

17 May 2024 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Audit and Risk Committee Report 
The role of the Audit and Risk Committee is documented in its terms of reference which were reviewed and 
adopted by the Board in May 2016 and updated in December 2020 and the remit was extended to cover risk 
reviews as well and renamed the Audit and Risk Committee. The annual report on the role and activities of the 
Audit and Risk Committee are as follows:  

Membership of the Committee  
The Committee meetings were chaired by Philip Moses with Michael Tobin OBE and Paul Howard being the 
other members of the Committee. All members and the Chair are Independent Non-Executive Directors. All of 
the  members  of  the  Committee  have  extensive  experience  of  the  technology  industry  as  well  as  financial 
procedures and controls. During the year ended 30 November 2023, the Committee formally met two times and 
informally  as  and  when  required.  The  table  on  page  48  summarises  the  attendance  of  members  at  formal 
committee meetings. In addition, the Audit Committee Chair had a number of informal meetings both with the 
external Auditors and with the Chief Financial Officer throughout the year to monitor progress and discuss any 
matters of note. 

Only members of the Committee have the right to attend meetings, though the Committee may invite others to 
attend if it is considered appropriate or necessary. The external auditors are invited to attend meetings of the 
Committee on a regular basis as is the Chief Executive Officer where appropriate. The Chief Executive Officer 
and members of the finance function may also be invited to Audit and Risk Committee meetings at the discretion 
of the Committee. The Committee plans to meet at least twice during the coming year. 

Roles and activities  
The purpose of the Committee is to assist the Board in the effective discharge of its responsibilities for financial 
reporting, corporate control and risk management. The Committee is responsible for monitoring the integrity of 
the Group’s financial statements, including its annual and half-yearly reports, interim management statements, 
preliminary result  announcements and  any other formal  announcements relating to its financial performance 
prior  to  release.  The  Committee  oversees  the  relationship  between  the  Group  and  its  external  auditors  and 
makes recommendations to the Board on their appointment. In addition, the Committee monitors and reviews 
the  external  auditor’s  independence  and  objectivity  and  the  effectiveness  of  the  audit  process,  taking  into 
account relevant legal, professional and regulatory requirements. 

The terms of reference of the Committee also includes the following responsibilities: 

• 

• 
• 
• 

• 
• 

to increase shareholder confidence and to ensure the credibility and objectivity of published financial 
information. 
to assist the Board in meeting its financial reporting responsibilities 
to assist the Board in ensuring the effectiveness of the Group's accounting and financial controls 
to  strengthen  the  independent  position  of  the  Group's  external  auditors  by  providing  channels  of 
communication between them and the Directors 
to review the performance of the Group's external auditing functions 
to review and challenge significant accounting and treasury policies, the clarity and completeness of 
disclosures in financial reports and significant estimates and judgements. 
to review the findings of the audit with the external auditors  

• 
•  where requested by the Board, to review the content of the annual report and accounts and advise the 
Board  on  whether,  taken  as  a  whole,  it  is  fair,  balanced  and  understandable  and  provides  the 
information  necessary  for  shareholders  to  assess  the  Group’s  position  and  performance,  business 
model and strategy.  
to monitor and keep under review the adequacy and effectiveness of the Group’s financial controls and 
risk  management  systems,  including  a  review  of  the  Group’s  risk  management  framework;  and 
monitoring and reviewing the appropriateness of timing of creation of a Group internal audit function 
together with an annual internal audit plan; and 

• 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Roles and activities (continued) 

• 

to  review  the  Group’s  policies  and  procedures  for  preventing  and  detecting  fraud,  its  systems  and 
controls for preventing bribery, its Code of Conduct and its policies for ensuring that the Group complies 
with relevant regulatory and legal requirements. The full terms of reference of the Committee can be 
found on the Group’s website. 

Significant issues  

The issues considered by the Committee that are deemed to be significant to the Group are set out below. 

Revenue 
recognition 

Goodwill and 
intangibles 
carrying value 

Valuation of 
carrying value 
of interest in 
UK Fixed 
Wireless 
Operations 

The  Group  principally  generates  revenue  from  sales  of  airtime,  data,  hardware  and 
installation  in  connection  with  supplying  Broadband  services  and  network  recharges. 
There is a risk therefore that revenue is inappropriately recognised if revenue is incorrectly 
apportioned to a product or service. 
A  detailed  revenue  recognition  policy  is  in  place,  and  follows  IFRS  15,  and  includes 
processes  and  procedures  for  recognition  dependent  upon  the  individual  nature  of  the 
goods or services sold. The Group’s external auditors as part of the annual statutory audit 
have  reviewed  the  revenue  recognition  policy  and  performed  testing  of  revenue 
recognition  and  found  revenue  to  be  appropriately  accounted  for  in  accordance  with 
IFRS15. 

At  30  November  2023,  the  Group  had  on  its  balance  sheet  goodwill  of  £3.4m  (2022: 
£5.7m)  and  other  intangibles  of  £2.2m  (2022:  £1.7m)  that  has  primarily  arisen  as  a 
consequence of past acquisitions. The value of intangible assets increased by the cost of 
the  customers  acquired  by  SkyMesh  from  Uniti  (£2.5m)  less  an  amortization  charge  of 
£1.5m, negative forex adjustment of £0.1m, impairment of £0.1m and reclassification of 
£0.3m to assets held for sale. 
Management  performs  impairment  reviews  annually,  or  more  frequently  if  there  is  an 
indication of impairment, based on the Group’s operations. The cash flow forecasts used 
for each business unit are based on the latest Board approved budgets. 
Management prepares an accounting paper for review by the Committee that details the 
methodology applied, key assumptions used and the impact of sensitivity analysis. This 
includes  a  discounted  cashflow,  taking  into  consideration  the  Group  debt  value,  equity 
value, the cost of debt and cost of equity, and a long-term growth rate of 2% pa. 
Having considered the impairment reviews performed, the Committee is satisfied that the 
carrying value of goodwill and intangibles at 30 November 2023 required an impairment 
adjustment to be recognized relating to Goodwill of the Nordics business (£1.8m) and the 
carrying value of IP addresses belonging to SkyMesh (£0.1m). 
The accounting and disclosure for the transaction and the ongoing continuing businesses 
were reviewed and agreed with the Auditors previously including splitting disclosure for 
Continuing and Discontinued Operations. The transaction having occurred more than 24 
months  ago  resulted  in  a  review  of  the  carrying  value  of  the  shares  and  loan  notes 
received as consideration to ensure not materially misstated in the Group and single entity 
accounts.  

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Internal controls and risk environment  

Whilst the Board is ultimately responsible for the establishment, monitoring and review of effectiveness of control 
systems throughout the Group, each of the individual Company leaders drive the process through which risks, 
and  uncertainties  are  identified.  The  Board  recognises  that  rigorous  internal  control  systems  are  critical  to 
managing the risks in achieving its strategic objectives. The Board further acknowledges that these systems are 
designed to manage rather than eliminate risk in the Group. 

The  normal  process  for  identifying,  evaluating  and  managing  significant  risks  faced  by  the  Group  would  be 
overseen by a Risk and Compliance Committee, in association with work performed by an internal audit function. 
Currently, the Group operations team including finance personnel have taken a lead role in looking at controls 
in  the  various  jurisdictions  this  is  supplemented  with  External  Advisors  from  time  to  time.  Where  the  Board 
defines an identified risk as significant, procedures exist to ensure that necessary action is taken to rectify or 
mitigate as appropriate. This while not an exhaustive list includes hiring additional resources 3rd party reviews 
etc. The aforementioned functions provide additional assurance to an established Audit and Risk Committee 
who have ultimate responsibility for the oversight and review of the adequacy and effectiveness of the Group’s 
systems of internal controls. In addition, the Committee in the absence of a dedicated internal audit function will 
from  time  to  time  engage  with  External  consultants  to  review  aspects  of  the  business  as  appropriate.  Such 
findings will be discussed at the Audit and Risk Committee. 

The external auditors provide a supplementary, independent, and autonomous perspective on those areas of 
the internal control system which they assess in the course of their work. Their findings are regularly reported 
to the Audit and Risk Committee and the Board. 

Key elements of the control environment are: 

•  annual budgets and strategic plans prepared for all business units. 
•  monitoring of performance against budget and forecast with reporting to the Board on a regular basis. 
•  monthly  review  of  detailed  key  performance  indicators  formally  at  Board  level  as  well  as  at  an 

Operational Level within the Continuing businesses. 

•  all contracts are reviewed at a level of detail appropriate to the size and complexity of the contract. 
• 
• 
•  an  operations  team  reviews  key  business  processes,  controls  and  their  effectiveness,  as  well  as 

timely reconciliations are performed for all significant balance sheet accounts. 
clearly defined organisational structure and authorisation lines including Cash Control 

• 

identifying, assessing and managing significant control issues; and  
the  Audit  and  Risk  Committee,  which  assesses  the  overall  appropriateness  of  the  Group’s  internal 
control environment. 

The preparation and issue of financial reports is managed by the Group Finance Team, as delegated by the 
Board. The Group’s financial reporting process is controlled using the Group accounting policies and reporting 
systems. The Group Finance Team supports all reporting entities with guidance on the preparation of financial 
information and has formal weekly one to one meetings and informal as required. This is especially important 
following any new acquisitions. The remaining business units each have a senior financial controller locally who 
has responsibility and accountability for providing information which is in accordance with agreed policies and 
procedures as well as ensuring compliance with local regulations and tax compliance The financial information 
for each entity is subject to a review at reporting entity and Group level by the Group Finance Director and also 
the  Chief  Financial  Officer.  The  Annual  Report  is  reviewed  by  the  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  in  advance  of 
presentation to the Board for approval.  

The Directors, by using appropriate procedures, systems and the employment of competent personnel, have 
ensured  that  measures  are  in  place  to  secure  compliance  with  the  Company’s  obligation  to  keep  adequate 
accounting records. The accounting records are kept at the registered office of the Group or relevant statutory 
entity office as well as in the cloud within our accounting systems.

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

How we manage risk  

To enhance effective governance and risk management oversight in the future, it is intended that the Group will, 
as  appropriate,  extend  the  internal  audit  reviews  as  approved  by  the  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  with  the 
deployment  of  central  resources  and  where  appropriate  3rd  party  reviews  into  the  business  units  to  review 
processes  and  controls.  This  programme  will  be  authorised  by  the  Board  to  provide  an  additional  level  of 
assurance to the Audit and Risk Committee in overseeing risk management and internal control activities.  

It will also provide the business with a framework for risk management, upward reporting of significant risks and 
policies and procedures. 

On  a  half  yearly  basis,  the  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  will  review  the  status  on  risk  exposures  and  risk 
management throughout the business within a pre-agreed risk management framework. The risk management 
framework  will  be  designed  to  identify,  evaluate,  analyse  and  mitigate  or  manage  risks  appropriate  to  the 
achievement of the business strategy. 

The Group will adopt a two-pronged approach to identifying risks: 

1) a bottom-up approach at the business function level; where risks are managed at the operational level with 
an appropriately defined escalation process in place for those risks rated as high; and 

2) a top-down approach at the Executive level, where the principal risks and uncertainties are identified and 
managed. 

A series of risk identification approaches will be used including adding risk discussions into team meetings. 

All identified risks will be assessed against a pre-defined scoring matrix and prioritised accordingly. Any risks 
identified in the bottom-up approach deemed to be rated as higher risk are escalated in line with pre-defined 
escalation procedures for further evaluation. The Group's risk appetite is considered by the Board and evaluated 
to ensure appropriateness of risk management and mitigation.  

Whistle-blowing and anti-bribery 

Whistleblowing and Anti Bribery policies are in place in the Group enabling employees to confidentially report 
matters  of  concern  directly  to  Non-Executive  Directors,  and  that  all  Executives  are  reminded  of  their 
responsibility in relation to Anti Bribery Legislation. This is also a regular topic on the Board Meeting agendas. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

External Auditor  

The  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  reviews  and  makes  recommendations  with  regard  to  the  appointment  and 
reappointment  of  the  external  auditors.  In  making  these  recommendations,  consideration  is  given  to  auditor 
effectiveness and independence, partner rotation and any other factors that may impact the reappointment of 
the external auditors. There are no contractual restrictions on the choice of external auditors. 

The Audit and Risk Committee is confident that the effectiveness and independence of the external auditors is 
not  impaired  in  any way. The Committee will continue to assess the effectiveness and  independence  of the 
external auditors.  

The external auditors may perform certain limited non-audit services for the Group. Providing such services are 
permissible  in  line  with  the  requirements  of  the  FRC’s  2019  Ethical  Standard.  Any  such  non-audit  services 
require pre-approval by the Audit and Risk Committee and are only permitted to the extent allowed by relevant 
laws and regulations. 

The non-audit services, including tax compliance activities and internal audit are provided by  an independent 
accounting  firm.  Haysmacintyre  LLP  continue  to  review  the  half  year  reporting.  Full  details  of  auditor's 
remuneration are shown in note 4 to the Financial Statements.  

Review of effectiveness of External Auditors  

An important role of the Committee is to assess the effectiveness of the external audit process. In performing 
this assessment, the Committee: 

• 

reviewed the annual audit plan and considered the auditor’s performance against that plan along with 
any variations to it. 

•  met with the audit engagement partner to review the audit findings and responses received to questions 

raised by the Committee. 

•  held  regular  meetings  with  the  audit  engagement  partner,  including  with  the  absence  of  executive 

management. 
considered their length of tenure. 
reviewed the nature and magnitude of non-audit services provided; and 
reviewed the external Auditors own independence confirmation presented to the Committee. 

• 
• 
• 

Based on the assessment performed, the Committee has recommended to the Board that a resolution to 
reappoint Haysmacintyre LLP be proposed at the next Annual General Meeting. 

Philip Moses 

Chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee  

17 May 2024 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Annual statement of the remuneration committee chairman 

As Chairman of the Bigblu Broadband Remuneration Committee, I am pleased to present the Board of Directors’ 
Remuneration Report for the year ended 30 November 2023, which has been prepared by the Committee and 
approved by the Board. In line with the UK reporting regulations, this report is divided into three sections: 

•  The Annual Statement by the Remuneration Committee Chairman; 
•  The Directors’ Remuneration Policy, which details the Group’s remuneration policies and their link to 

Group strategy, as well as projected pay outcomes under various performance scenarios; and 

•  The Annual Report on Remuneration, which focuses on our remuneration arrangements and incentive 
outcomes for the year under review and how the Committee intends to implement the Remuneration 
Policy in FY24 and beyond. 

The role of the Remuneration Committee is documented in its Terms of Reference which were reviewed and 
adopted by the Board of Directors in May 2016 which are also reviewed from time to time to ensure up to date. 
The objectives of the Remuneration Committee are to ensure that the Group's Directors and senior executives 
are fairly rewarded for their individual contributions to the Group's overall performance by determining their pay 
and other remuneration and to demonstrate to all shareholders that the general policy relating to, and actual 
remuneration of individual senior executives of the Group, is set by a committee of the Board members who 
have no personal interest in the outcome of the decisions and who will give due regard to the interests of the 
shareholders and to the financial and commercial health of the Group. 

The  Remuneration  Committee  intends  that  its  policy  and  practice  should  align  with  and  support  the 
implementation of the Group’s strategy and effective risk management for the long term. The policy is intended 
to motivate the right behaviours and to ensure that any risk created by the remuneration structure is acceptable 
to the Committee and within the risk appetite of the Board and its strategy. 

The  remuneration  package  for  executive  Directors  comprises  a  combination  of  annual  salary,  performance 
bonuses and share options / Long Term Incentive Plans / Management Incentive Plans with set performance 
criteria.  Remuneration  for  non-executive  Directors  consists  of  an  annual  fee  with  options  granted  in  certain 
circumstances.  There  were  additional  fees  awarded  for  serving  on  Board  committees  and  non-executive 
Directors are not entitled to annual bonuses. 

The members of the Remuneration Committee are Michael Tobin OBE and Paul Howard. The Chief Executive 
Officer, or other Non-Executive Directors, may be invited to Remuneration Committee meetings at the discretion 
of the Committee. The Committee plans to meet at least twice during the coming year. 

The  agenda  for  Remuneration  Committee  meetings  is  prepared  in  conjunction  with  the  Chairman  of  the 
Committee. Submissions are circulated in advance and may include remuneration benchmark surveys and best 
practice guidelines together with papers relating to specific agenda items. 

Remuneration policy for FY23 and future years 

Bigblu Broadband plc was listed on the Alternative Investments Market (AIM) in May 2015. During the period 
the Remuneration Committee reviewed the Group’s remuneration structure to ensure it aligned with the forward-
looking strategy of the Group, is able to motivate and retain the executive team over the next key phase in the 
Group’s evolution post two successful disposals, and to ensure it takes into account market and best practice 
for a listed Group. The remuneration structure for Executive Directors applied throughout the financial year is 
carried  forward  as  appropriate  into  the  new  financial  year  commencing  1  December  2023,  is  set  out  in  the 
Remuneration  Policy  below.  Following  the  disposals  during  the  last  two  years  the  Committee  undertook  to 
review the Long-Term Incentive Plan and Management Incentive Plans  for senior executives to ensure their 
interests  are  aligned  with  that  of  the  shareholders  both  in  the  short  and  medium  term.  No  changes  were 
proposed. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Annual statement of the remuneration committee chairman (continued) 

Remuneration policy for FY23 and future years (continued) 

Our  remuneration  arrangements  reflect  that  we  compete  for  talent  in  a  competitive  market  against  other 
telecommunications  companies.  The  Committee  has  also  carefully  considered  the  expectations  of  our 
shareholders  in  formulating  our  policy  and  has  included  claw  back  provisions  in  our  incentive  schemes  for 
Directors  and  Board  Members,  to  align  with  developing  best  practice.  The  overarching  principles  of  our 
Remuneration Policy are to provide a competitive package of fixed and variable pay that will enable the Group 
to ensure it can attract and retain executives with the right skills and experience to drive the long-term success 
of the Group. 

The Committee believes that our remuneration arrangements can achieve these goals through the application 
of  stretched  performance  targets  and  strong  shareholder  alignment  through  our  equity  incentives  and 
Management Incentive Plans. The Committee also .  

Remuneration decisions in FY23 

The activities of the Committee and key decisions in FY23 are set out below: 

•  Executive salaries were reviewed.  Salaries were reduced by  10% in FY22 with no increase in FY23 

despite inflationary pressures thereby in effect a further reduction in real terms. 

•  The basis and awards under the bonus schemes were reviewed and as in past years linked intrinsically 

to delivering Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA and Cash targets. 

•  Non-Executive Director salaries were reduced by 20% with effect from December 2021 with no increase 
in FY22 or FY23 despite inflationary pressures thereby in effect a further reduction in real terms. 
•  Under the terms of the Management Incentive Plan a full review on options was undertaken by external 
lawyers specialising in such schemes and no changes were proposed during the year save a review of 
thresholds and participants to ensure the team was fully aligned with maximising shareholder value post 
the disposal of the UK fixed wireless operation, in July 2021. 

•  Reorganisation of the costs base was also addressed including reviewing redundancy calculations for 

remaining team members in the event of further disposals. 

Given almost all the underlying trading metrics are delivered from our Australian and Norwegian businesses 
when taking into consideration FOREX movements in the period the Group delivered results for the Continuing 
Operations in line with forecasts with revenue at £25.9m (FY22: £27.2m) and adjusted EBITDA at £4.5m (FY22: 
£4.1m). Additional uplift bonuses can be earned when performance materially exceeds targets, however none 
were awarded during the period. 

Long-Term Incentive Plan 

Following consultation with External Advisors, the Company’s Nominated Advisor and a Panel of Shareholders 
in 2018 an LTIP was put in place to further ensure Executives are fully aligned with Shareholder Returns and to 
remove the subjectivity surrounding Option awards. The basis of the award is in line with best practice and is 
calculated by reference to two metrics, actual BBB share price performance and relative performance versus a 
basket of similar companies in the following weightings: 

•  50% on how the actual BBB share price performs and 
•  50% compared to how BBB performs against a basket of similar Companies 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Annual statement of the remuneration committee chairman (continued) 

No  award  was  made  in  the  current  year  to  Senior  Executives  instead  the  Committee,  as  outlined  last  year 
revisited all incentive plans post last year’s Disposal to ensure Senior Executives short, medium and long term 
Management  Incentive  Plans  are  intrinsically  linked  to  growing  shareholder  value.  Thus  the  MIP  in  place  is 
considered to align the interests of relevant Bigblu Broadband team members with that of the interests of our 
shareholders 

Directors’ remuneration policy 

This section describes the Group’s proposed remuneration structure for Directors which, if approved, will apply 
for up to three years from the date of the Annual General Meeting. 

The overarching principles of our remuneration policy are to provide a competitive package of fixed and variable 
pay that will enable the Group to ensure it has executives with the right skills and experience to drive the success 
of the Group, and that their remuneration is linked to shareholder interests and the Group’s long-term success. 
Our remuneration philosophy is: 

• 

• 

• 

to promote the long-term success of the Group, with stretching performance targets which are rigorously 
and consistently applied 
to  provide  appropriate  alignment  between  the  Group’s  strategic  goals,  shareholder  returns  and 
executive reward 
to  have  a  competitive  mix  of  base  salary  and  short  and  long-term  incentives,  with  an  appropriate 
proportion of the package determined by stretching targets linked to the Group’s performance 

Executive Directors’ fixed and variable remuneration arrangements have been determined taking into account: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

the role, experience in the role, and performance of the Executive Director 
the location in which the Executive Director is working 
remuneration arrangements at UK listed companies of a similar size and complexity 
remuneration  arrangements  at  UK  telecommunications  companies  of  a  similar  size  and  complexity, 
including companies with which the Group competes for talent 

•  best practice guidelines for UK listed companies set by institutional investor bodies 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Annual statement of the remuneration committee chairman (continued) 

Future policy table 

The key components of Executive Directors’ remuneration are as follows: 

Fixed Pay 

Type 

Base 
salary  

Purpose  and  link 
to 
strategy 
To  attract  and 
retain 
talent of the right calibre 
and  with  the  ability  to 
contribute to strategy, by 
ensuring  base  salaries 
are  competitive  in  the 
relevant talent market. 

Pension 

Provide  post-retirement 
benefits  for  participants 
in  a  cost-efficient  and 
equitable manner. 

Benefits 

To  provide  competitive 
benefits for each role. 

Operation 

Maximum 
opportunity 

Performance 
metrics 

performance 
market 
is 
when 

Group 
against 
expectations 
considered 
determining 
appropriate 
levels. 

salary 

None 

None 

Executive  Director  salary 
decreases  /  increases  will 
normally be in line with those 
the  wider  executive 
for 
population. 
employee 
However, 
salary 
decreases  /  increases  may 
be  made  where  there  is  a 
or 
change 
responsibilities. 

higher 

role 

in 

The  Executive  Director 
receives 
matching 
a 
contribution of 4.5 percent of 
salary under the opt-in to the 
Group  Workplace  Pension 
Scheme.    Subject  to  the 
maximum 
applicable 
contribution. 
The  Committee  does  not 
anticipate  pension  benefits 
as  being  at  a  cost  to  the 
Group that would exceed 10 
percent  of  base  salary, 
future 
notwithstanding 
changes 
pension 
to 
legislation. 
There is no overall maximum 
value  set  out  for  benefits. 
They are set at a level that is 
comparable 
to  market 
practice  and  appropriate  for 
individual 
Group 
circumstances. 
The  Committee  retains  the 
discretion to amend benefits 
in exceptional circumstances 
or  in  circumstances  where 
the 
outside 
factors 
have 
Group’s 
(e.g. 
materially 
increases 
insurance 
premiums). 

control 
changed 
in 

and 

of 

reference 

Base salaries are usually reviewed 
annually,  with 
to 
individual  performance,  Group 
performance, 
market 
competitiveness, salary decreases 
/  increases  across  the  Group  and 
the  position  holder’s  experience, 
competence  and  criticality  to  the 
business. 
Any  decreases  /  increases  are 
generally 
1 
effective 
December. 

from 

Pension contributions are provided 
by 
the  Group  as  part  of  a 
legislatively  compliant  Workplace 
Pension  Scheme  that  requires  an 
overall contribution of 9% of gross 
base salary to be made by Year 3 
the  scheme.  This  overall 
of 
percentage  contribution  will  be 
made  up  from  a  combination  of 
contributions  from  the  Executive 
Directors  and  the  Group,  with  a 
choice of funding vehicles through 
either 
the  Group  Plan  or  by 
contributions  being  made  to  a 
personal  SIPP chosen  and set  up 
by the Chief Executive Officer. 
the 
Benefits  currently 
provision  of  private  medical,  life 
insurance,  permanent  health  and 
disability 
car 
allowance. 
Reasonable 
relocation  package 
including  annual  family  visitation 
allowance,  legal  fees  allowance 
and health insurance. 
Travel and subsistence allowances 
as well as reimbursement is in line 
with  the  Group  Expenses  Policy 
and other benefits may be provided 
based on individual circumstances. 

insurance  and 

include 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Annual statement of the remuneration committee chairman (continued) 

Variable Pay 

Type 

Bonus 
arrangements 

and 

Purpose 
link to 
strategy 
focus 
Aims 
to 
on 
executives 
financial 
achieving 
targets relevant to the 
business priorities for 
financial  period 
the 
where 
and 
to 
appropriate 
outperform 

Non-Executive Directors Fees 

Type 

Non-
Executive 
Directors’ 
Fees 

the 

Purpose and link 
to 
strategy 
To 
reflect 
time 
commitment 
in 
and 
preparing 
attending  meetings, 
the 
and 
duties 
responsibilities  of  the 
role 
the 
and 
contribution  expected 
from 
Non-
the 
Executive Directors. 

for 

Operation 

Maximum 
opportunity 

Performance 
metrics 

targets 

The  annual  bonus  will  be 
based  on  achievement  of 
(e.g., 
financial 
revenue  growth,  EBITDA 
improvements  and  cash 
metrics.  
The  Committee 
has 
discretion  to  adjust  the 
formulaic  bonus  outcome 
the 
downwards  within 
limits  of 
to 
ensure  alignment  of  pay 
underlying 
with 
the 
performance 
business. 

the  plan, 

the 

of 

vest 

The  base  bonus  opportunity 
for  Executive  Directors  will 
be  up  to  75  percent  of  base 
salary. 
Up to 75 percent of maximum 
will 
target 
performance.  Performance 
above base performance can 
result  in  additional  bonuses 
being paid linked to improved 
performance - i.e. paying for 
themselves. 

for 

the  start  of 

Typically,  performance measures 
and  targets  are  set  prior  to  or 
the 
shortly  after 
relevant financial period. 
At the end of the financial period, 
the Remuneration Committee will 
determine the extent to which the 
targets have been achieved. 
Awards  are  typically  delivered  in 
cash;  however,  the  Committee 
has  discretion to  defer  awards  in 
cash or in shares. 
The  Committee  has  discretion 
and the contractual legal vehicle, 
to reduce or recoup the bonus in 
the  event  of  serious 
financial 
misstatement  or  misconduct.  In 
extreme cases of misconduct, the 
Committee may claw back annual 
bonus 
previously 
made. 
Additional bonuses can be earned 
the 
at 
the  sole  discretion  of 
Remuneration  Committee 
if 
exceptional circumstances arise. 

payments 

Operation 

Maximum 
opportunity 

Performance 
metrics 

None 

Any decreases / increases to 
Non-Executive  Director  fees 
will be considered as a result 
of  the  outcome  of  a  review 
process  and 
into 
taking 
account 
wider  market 
factors,  e.g.  inflation.  There 
is  no  prescribed  individual 
maximum fee. 
Further  details  are  set  out 
below. 

in 

Monthly  fees  for  Non-Executive 
Directors are paid via Payroll and 
were  reduced  by  20%  from  the 
start of December 2021. 
Additional fees paid to the  
Chairmen  of  Board  Committees 
may be paid if there is a material 
time  commitment 
increase 
required. 
Non-Executive  Directors  do  not 
participate  in  any  annual  bonus 
incentive  schemes,  nor  do  they 
receive  any  pension  or  benefits 
travel 
than  nominal 
(other 
expenses). 
Non-Executive 
Directors  will  participate  in  the 
Company’s 
option 
schemes 
and  MIP  where 
appropriate. 

share 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Annual statement of the remuneration committee chairman (continued) 

Notes to the policy table 

•  Revenue growth, adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow and net cash metrics are considered to be the 
best measures of the Group’s annual performance given our current size and stage of growth and 
will continue to determine at least 75% of the achievement criteria for annual bonus awards.  The 
Committee will keep this under review and may select alternative measures as the Group evolves 
and  strategic  priorities  change  post  the  Disposal  where  great  attention  is  paid  to  the  creation  of 
shareholder value. 

•  Annual  bonus  targets  will  be  selected  prior  to,  or  shortly  after,  the  start  of  the  financial  period. 
Financial targets will be calibrated with reference to the Group’s budget for the upcoming financial 
period and the Group’s performance over the prior financial period as well as the desire to realise 
value for shareholders 

•  Differences in remuneration policy operated for other employees. 
•  Other senior and key-role employee remuneration has some of the same components as set out in 
the policy, being base salary, annual bonus, long-term incentive participation, and pension provision. 
However, there is no provision for Medical insurance, Permanent Health Insurance, Life assurance 
or  Car  Allowance  for  non-Executive  employees.  Annual  bonus  and  long-term  incentive 
arrangements  share  a  similar  structure  and  pay-out  arrangement,  although  the  mix  between 
performance-based and time-based awards, and the maximum award, varies by seniority and role. 

In recruiting a new Non-Executive Director, the Committee will use the policy as set out in the table below. 

Non-Executive Directors 
The appointments of each of the Chairman and the Non-Executive Directors are for a fixed term of 3 years, 
and subject to one third retirement by rotation and re-election at the AGM. Their letters of appointment set 
out the terms of their appointment and are available for inspection upon request. They are not eligible to 
participate in the Executive annual bonus scheme, nor do they receive any additional pension or expenses 
(other than nominal travel expenses) on top of the fees disclosed below. They do however have eligibility to 
participate in the Company’s Share Schemes and Management Incentive Plans.  Non-Executive Directors 
appointment may be terminated at any time upon written notice or in accordance with the articles and receive 
no compensation on termination. 

Non-Executive 
Director 

Role 

Appointment date 

Re-appointment 
date 

Term of 
appointment 

Michael Tobin 

Chairman 

September 2015 

May 2022 

Paul Howard 

Non-Executive Director 

September 2015 

May 2023 

Christopher Mills  Non-Executive Director 

May 2019 

Philip Moses 

Non-Executive Director 

May 2020 

May 2023 

May 2021 

3 years 

3 years 

3 years 

3 years 

Executive Directors 

The Executive Director entered into a service agreement with the Company as follows.  

Executive 
Director 

Role 

Contract date 

Re-appointment                    

Notice period 

date 

Frank Waters 

Chief Executive Officer 

May 2015 

May 2021 

12 months 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Governance 
Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Annual statement of the remuneration committee chairman (continued) 

Executive Directors (continued) 

The Employer is entitled to terminate an Executive Director’s employment by payment of a cash sum in lieu 
of notice, and other entitlements equal to (i) the basic salary and bonuses that would or could  have been 
payable,    (ii)  the  cost  that  would  have  been  incurred  in  providing  the  Executive  Director  with  medical 
insurance and other benefit entitlements such as Pensions, enhanced statutory pay, DIS,  CIC that form part 
of their remuneration package.  and (iii) the cost that would have been incurred in providing the Executive 
Director LTIP/ MIP payments (the ‘‘Payment in Lieu’’) The Company can alternatively choose to continue 
providing the medical insurance and other benefits under item (ii) instead of paying a cash sum representing 
their cost. The Payment in Lieu can be paid typically in one lump sum or alternatively monthly instalments 
over the notice period. The Company’s policy on termination payments is to consider the circumstances on 
a case-by-case basis, taking into account the executive’s contractual terms, the circumstances of termination 
and any duty to mitigate.  

The  Committee  will  continue  to  monitor  market  trends  and  developments  over  the  next  year  in  order  to 
assess ongoing relevance for the Company’s remuneration practices. The Committee welcomes feedback 
from our shareholders as we remain committed to an open  and transparent dialogue and hope to receive 
your support at the forthcoming AGM. On behalf of the Remuneration Committee. 

Michael Tobin  

Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 

17 May 2024 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Independent Auditor’s Report  
To the members of Bigblu Broadband plc 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Opinion 

We have audited the financial statements of Bigblu Broadband Plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries 
(together, the ‘group’) for the year ended 30 November 2023 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated and Company Statements of Financial Position, the Consolidated 
and Company Statements of Cash Flows, the Consolidated and Company Statements of Changes in Equity 
and  notes  to  the  financial  statements,  including  a  summary  of  significant  accounting  policies.  The  financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and UK adopted International 
Financial Reporting Standards. 

In our opinion, the financial statements: 

• 

• 
• 

give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the  state  of  the  group’s  and  of  the  parent  company’s  affairs  as  at  30 
November 2023 and of the group’s loss for the year then ended; 
have been properly prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards; and 
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable 
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit 
of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group in accordance with the ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical 
Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide 
a basis for our opinion. 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Our audit scope included all significant components which were performed to component materiality. Our audit 
work  therefore  covered  100%  of  group  revenue,  group  profit  and  total  group  assets  and  liabilities.  It  was 
performed to the materiality levels set out below. The audits of Brdy AS and SkyMesh Pty Ltd (and its directly 
held subsidiaries) were performed by component auditors in accordance with our group audit instructions. BBB 
Ausco Limited and BBB Norco Limited are dormant entities and were audited in line with group materiality as 
set out below. 

We communicated with both the directors and the Audit Committee our planned audit work via our audit planning 
report and relevant discussion.  

We communicated audit progress with the Audit Committee through interim audit progress meetings. We have 
communicated any issues to the Audit Committee and the directors in our final audit findings report.  

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of 
the  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified. These matters included those which had the greatest 
effect  on  the  overall  audit  strategy,  the  allocation  of  resources  in  the  audit;  and  directing  the  efforts  of  the 
engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a 
whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Independent Auditor’s Report  
To the members of Bigblu Broadband plc (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Audit risk 

How we responded to the risk 

Impairment of goodwill 

Our audit work included, but was not restricted to, the following: 

The group recognised goodwill of £3,381,000 as at 
30 November 2023 (2022: £5,661,000).  

There is a risk that goodwill is impaired and therefore 
materially overstated. 

For 
the  year  ended  30  November  2023, 
management  performed  an  impairment  review  for 
each of the cash-generating units (CGUs) to which 
goodwill relates.  

The assessment was based on the future cash flows 
of  each  CGU  using  either  discounted  cash  flow 
models or fair value assessments.  

Significant  management  judgement  and  estimation 
uncertainty  is  involved  in  this  area,  where  the 
primary inputs are:  

•  Estimating  future  cash  flows  or  fair  values 

associated with the CGUs; 

•  Selecting  an  appropriate  discount  rate  and 

variables with the cash flow model; and 

•  Selecting  appropriate  valuation  methodologies 
and relevant market-based valuation multiples. 

•  We  assessed  management’s  impairment  review  process 
and  performed  analysis  which  formed  the  basis  of  our 
challenge of management’s assumptions.  

•  We  verified  the  arithmetical  accuracy  and  integrity  of 

impairment models. 

•  We reviewed management’s forecasted cash flows that fed 
into  discounted  cash 
flow  models  and  challenged 
assumptions around these with reference to historic results, 
market trends and future expectations. 

•  We  assessed  the  appropriateness  of  the  growth  and 
discount  rates  used  by  management  and  challenged 
management on those that fell outside of our expectations.  

•  We  considered  the  basis  from  which  fair  values  were 
derived and considered whether they were reasonable. 

• 

In  respect  of  Brdy  AS  Infra  and  Brdy  AS  Nordics,  we 
considered 
the  valuation  assessment  prepared  by 
management which incorporated both enterprise and equity 
valuation assessments effective as at 30 November 2023. 

Impairment  of  parent  company 
valuation 

investment 

Our audit work included, but was not restricted to, the following: 

The  parent  company  holds  investments  in  wholly 
trading  subsidiaries,  Skymesh  Pty  Ltd 
owned 
(“Skymesh”), Brdy AS Infra and Brdy AS Nordics.  

There is a risk that these investments are impaired 
and therefore materially overstated. 

the  year  ended  30  November  2023, 
For 
management  considered  whether 
indicators  of 
impairment existed for each investment in subsidiary 
held at cost less impairment. 

Where 
performed  by  management 
to  determine 
recoverable value of each investment balance. 

relevant,  valuation  assessments  were 
the 

Significant  management  judgement  and  estimation 
uncertainty  is  involved  in  this  area,  where  the 
primary inputs are: 

67 

•  We  assessed  management’s  impairment  review  process 
and reviewed their analysis and performed our own analysis 
to challenge management’s assumptions.  

•  We  verified  the  arithmetical  accuracy  and  integrity  of  the 

impairment models. 

•  We reviewed management’s discounted cash flow valuation 
model  and  challenged  assumptions  around  these  with 
reference  to  historic  results,  market  trends  and  future 
expectations. 

•  We  assessed  the  appropriateness  of  the  growth  and 
discount  rates  used  by  management  and  challenged 
management on those that fell outside of our expectations.  

•  We 

reviewed  management’s 

methodologies  and  assessed  and  challenged 
appropriateness of the assumptions used within them. 

fair  value  assessment 
the 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Independent Auditor’s Report  
To the members of Bigblu Broadband plc (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Audit risk 

How we responded to the risk 

Impairment  of  parent  company 
valuation (continued) 

•  Estimating future cash flows; 

•  Comparable market-based valuation metrics; 

•  Selecting  an  appropriate  discount  rate  and 
variables within discounted cash flow models; and 

•  Selection of appropriate valuation methodologies. 

investment 

•  We  challenged  management  on  contradictory 

evidence obtained. 

•  We  used  alternative  valuation 

techniques 

benchmark 
reasonableness.  

the 

client’s 

assessment 

to 
for 

•  We assessed management’s assessment of Brdy as 
a  disposal  group  and  discontinued  operation  and 
impairment to fair value less costs to sell in line with 
the requirements of IFRS 5. 

• 

In respect of Brdy AS Infra and Brdy AS Nordics, we 
considered  the  reasonableness  of  the  assessment 
prepared  by  management  which  incorporated  both 
enterprise  and  equity  valuation  assessments 
effective  to  derive  a  fair  value  position  as  at  30 
November 2023. 

Investment  in  Other  Equity  Instruments  &  Loan 
Notes 

Our  audit  work  included,  but  was  not  restricted  to,  the 
following: 

The  group  holds 
instruments at £2,240,000 (2022: £2,240,000).  

investments 

in  other  equity 

There is a risk that shares may not be held at fair value 
under IFRS 9 and therefore the materially misstated in 
the group financial statements.  

The group also holds loan notes with a carrying value 
of £3,754,000 (2022: £3,590,000).  

•  We  assessed  management’s  fair  value  assessment 
process  and  performed  analysis  which  formed  the 
basis 
of  management’s 
assumptions.  

challenge 

our 

of 

•  We  considered  the  extent  to  which  alternative 
possible  valuations  of 
investment 
presented a more reliable indicator of fair value when 
compared to the recognised carrying value. 

the  equity 

There is a risk that the loan notes are not recoverable 
due to impairment indicators noted at the issuer.  

•  We  verified  the  arithmetical  accuracy  of  the  equity 

valuation model. 

For the year ended 30 November 2023, management 
performed  a  fair  value  review  to  assess  the  Other 
Equity  Instrument  fair  value.  The  assessment  was 
based on the future cash flows of the equity instrument 
using a discounted cash flow model.  

•  We reviewed  management’s equity valuation  model 
and  challenged  assumptions  used  in  the  model, 
particularly  the  multiplier  used,  with  reference  to 
historic 
future 
expectations. 

results,  market 

trends  and 

Significant  management  judgement  and  estimation 
uncertainty is involved in this area, where the primary 
inputs are:  

•  We  challenged  management  on  key  assumptions 
and on contradictory evidence related to the carrying 
value of financial assets. 

•  Estimating future cash flows; 
•  Selecting  an  appropriate  discount  rate  and 

variables with the cash flow model; and 

•  Selecting  appropriate  valuation  methodologies 
and relevant market based valuation multiples. 

•  We assessed the appropriateness of the growth and 
discount rates used by management and challenged 
management  on  those  that  fell  outside  of  our 
expectations.  

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Independent Auditor’s Report  
To the members of Bigblu Broadband plc (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Audit risk 

How we responded to the risk 

Investment  in  Other  Equity  Instruments  &  Loan 
Notes (continued) 

•  We  considered  alternative  fair  value  indicators  to 
the  reasonableness  of  management’s 
the  Group’s 

fair  value  of 

the 

consider 
assessment  of 
investment. 

•  We  agreed  the  calculation  of  accrued  interest 
accumulated on the loan note’s carrying value. 

•  We assessed the recoverability of the loan notes with 
reference  to  third  party  information  available  for  the 
loan note issuer. 

Our application of materiality 

We  apply  the  concept  of  materiality  both  in  planning  and  performing  our  audit,  in  evaluating  the  effect  of 
misstatements and in forming an option. For the purpose of determining whether the financial statements are 
free from material misstatement, we define materiality as the magnitude of a misstatement or an omission from 
the financial statements, or related disclosures, that would make it probable that the judgement of a reasonable 
person, relying on the information would have been changed or influenced by the misstatement or omission. 
We also determine a level of performance materiality, which we used to determine the extent of testing need, 
to reduce to an appropriately low level the risk that the aggregate of uncorrected and undetected misstatement 
exceeds materiality for the financial statements as a whole.  

The materiality for the Group financial statements as a whole was set at £370,000. This was determined with 
reference to 1.25% of continuing group revenue. 

On the basis of our risk assessment and review of the Group’s control environment, performance materiality 
was set at 75% of materiality, being £277,500. 

The reporting threshold to the Audit and Risk Committee was set as 5% of materiality, being £18,500. If, in our 
opinion, differences below this level warranted reporting on qualitative grounds, these were also reported.  

The materiality for the Parent Company financial statements was set at £357,000. Our materiality was set at 
£357,000 so as to ensure component materiality did not exceed group materiality. 

On the basis of our risk assessment, review of the Parent Company’s control environment, and consideration 
of other relevant factors, performance materiality was set at 75% of materiality, being £268,000. 

The reporting threshold to the Audit and Risk Committee was set as 5% of materiality, being £18,000. If, in our 
opinion, differences below this level warranted reporting on qualitative grounds, these were also reported.  

Conclusions relating to going concern   

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of 
accounting  in  the  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  is  appropriate.  Our  evaluation  of  the  director’s 
assessment of the entity’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included: 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Independent Auditor’s Report  
To the members of Bigblu Broadband plc (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

•  Discussing management’s assessment of the group’s ability to remain as a going concern 
•  Reviewing and understanding the cash flow forecasts for a period of not less than twelve months from the 
date of approval of these financial statements which are the central element of management’s going concern 
assessment; 

•  Assessing and challenging the inputs in and judgements made in the preparation of the cash flow forecasts 

for a period of not less than twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements; 

•  Considering  the  existence  and  availability  of  the  Group’s  debt  facilities,  including  prospective  covenant 
compliance  forecasting  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  twelve  months  from  the  date  of  approval  of  these 
financial statements; and 

•  Performing stress tests including sensitivity analysis to model the effect of changing assumptions made or 
amending key data used in management’s cash flow forecasts and considering the impact on the group’s 
ability to adopt the going concern basis.  

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or 
conditions  that,  individually  or  collectively,  may  cast  significant  doubt  on  the  group's  ability  to  continue  as  a 
going  concern  for  a  period  of  at  least  twelve  months  from  when  the  financial  statements  are  authorised  for 
issue.   

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report.    

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included 
in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the 
financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in 
our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.  

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the  other information and, 
in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our 
knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material 
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material 
misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the 
work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are 
required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the 
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal 
requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

In  the  light  of  the  knowledge  and  understanding  of  the  group  and  the  parent  company  and  its  environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the 
directors’ report. 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Independent Auditor’s Report  
To the members of Bigblu Broadband plc (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 
2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 

• 
• 
• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our 
audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns;  
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of directors 
As  explained  more  fully  in  the  directors’  responsibilities  statement,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such 
internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that 
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and the parent 
company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to  going concern 
and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the 
parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures 
in  line  with  our  responsibilities,  outlined  above,  to  detect  material  misstatements  in  respect  of  irregularities, 
including  fraud. The extent to  which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities,  including  fraud is 
detailed below:  

Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including 
fraud 

Based on our understanding of the group and industry, we identified that the principal risks of non-compliance 
with laws and regulations and we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect 
on the financial statements. We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the 
preparation of the financial statements such as the Companies Act 2006, income tax, payroll tax and sales tax.   

We  evaluated  management’s  incentives  and  opportunities  for  fraudulent  manipulation  of  the  financial 
statements (including  the risk of override of controls)  and determined that the principal risks were related to 
posting  inappropriate  journal  entries  and  management  bias  in  accounting  estimates.  Audit  procedures 
performed by the engagement team included:  

Inspecting correspondence with tax authorities;   

• 
•  Discussions  with  management  including  consideration  of  known  or  suspected  instances  of  non-

compliance with laws and regulation and fraud;   

•  Evaluating management’s controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities;   
• 
Identifying and testing journals, in particular journal entries which shared key risk characteristics; and   
•  Challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in their critical accounting estimates, 

particularly relating to impairment of intangible assets and investment valuation.  

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Independent Auditor’s Report  
To the members of Bigblu Broadband plc (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including 
those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk 
increases  the  more  that  compliance  with  a  law  or  regulation  is  removed  from  the  events  and  transactions 
reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. 
The  risk  is  also  greater  regarding  irregularities  occurring  due  to  fraud  rather  than  error,  as  fraud  involves 
intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.  

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial 
Reporting  Council’s  website  at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This  description  forms  part  of  our 
auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of 
the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members 
those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest 
extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the 
company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Christopher Cork 
(Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of Haysmacintyre LLP  
Statutory Auditors 
17 May 2024 

       10 Queen Street Place 
     London  
EC4R 1AG 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 30 November 2023               

Registered Number 09223439 

Continuing Operations 

Revenue from contracts with customers 
Cost of sales 

Notes 

2 

Gross profit 

Distribution expenses 
Administrative expenses 

Operating (loss) / profit 

Finance costs 

(Loss) / profit before tax 

Taxation credit / (charge) on operations 

(Loss) / profit from continuing operations 

Loss from discontinued operations 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive expense 
Foreign currency translation difference 

3 

7 

8 

13 

2023 
£’000 

25,937 
(16,310) 

9,627 

(5,639) 
(5,717) 

(1,729) 

(238) 

(1,967) 

529 

(1,438) 

(3,263) 

(4,701) 

2022 
restated  
£’000 

27,192 
(16,770) 

10,422 

(5,638) 
(4,267) 

517 

(64) 

453 

(328) 

125 

(3,059) 

(2,934) 

(406) 

206 

Total comprehensive loss for the year 

(5,107) 

(2,728) 

Total comprehensive loss for the year is all attributable to the  
owners of Bigblu Broadband Plc 

Earnings  per  share  from  loss  attributable  to  the 
ordinary equity holders of the company 

Total - Basic EPS 
Total - Diluted EPS 
Continuing operations – Basic EPS 
Continuing operations – Diluted EPS 
Discontinued operations – Basic EPS 
Discontinued operations – Diluted EPS 

9 
9 

 (8.0p)  
(8.0p)  
 (2.5p)  
 (2.5p)  
(5.6p) 
(5.6p) 

 (5.0p)  
 (5.0p)  
 0.2p  
0.2p  
 (5.2p)  
 (5.2p)  

Adjusted  earnings  per  share  from  continuing  operations 
attributable to the ordinary equity holders of the company (A 
non-GAAP measurement) 

Continuing operations - Adjusted Basic EPS 
Continuing operations - Adjusted Diluted EPS 

   9 
   9 

7.1p 
7.1p 

5.4p 
5.4p 

The notes on pages 80 to 115 form an integral part of these financial statements.  

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

   Registered Number 09223439 

Notes 

10 
11 
12 
20 

14 
15 
16 

13 

17 
17 
18 

13 

19 
20 

21 
21 
22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Investments 
Deferred tax asset 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Inventory 
Trade and other receivables 

Assets classified as held for sale 
Total current assets 

Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Provisions for liabilities and charges  
Loans 

Liabilities  associated  with  assets  classified  as  held  for 
sale 
Total current liabilities  

Non-current liabilities 
Other payables 
Deferred tax liability 

Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Share option reserve 
Capital redemption reserve 
Foreign exchange translation reserve 
Reverse acquisition reserve 
Listing cost reserve 
Retained losses 

Capital and reserves attributable to owners of Bigblu 
Broadband Plc 

Total equity 

Approved by the Board on 17 May 2024 and signed on its behalf by: 

2023 
£’000 

378 
5,553 
5,995 
800 
12,726 

3,632 
111 
2,830 
6,573 
2,516 
9,089 

2022 
£’000 

2,881 
7,433 
5,830 
303 
16,447 

4,195 
1,142 
2,335 
7,672 
- 
7,672 

21,815 

24,119 

(7,743) 
(685) 
(2,100) 
(10,528) 

(2,349) 
(12,877) 

- 
(616) 

(616) 

(8,839) 
(685) 
- 
(9,524) 

- 
(9,524) 

(559) 
(646) 

(1,205) 

(13,493) 

(10,729) 

8,322 

13,390 

8,783 
8,608 
309 
26,120 
(2,952) 
(3,317) 
(219) 
(29,010) 

8,322 

8,322 

8,763 
8,589 
309 
26,120 
(2,546) 
(3,317) 
(219) 
(24,309) 

13,390 

13,390 

Frank Waters 
Chief Executive Officer                   The notes on pages 80 to 115 form an integral part of these financial statements.

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Company Statement of Financial Position 
For the year ended 30 November 2023                                  Registered Number 09223439 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Investments 
Total non-current assets  

Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 

Assets held for sale 
Total current assets  

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Provisions for liabilities and charges  
Loans 
Total current liabilities  

Non-current liabilities 
Other payables 

Net assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Share option reserve 
Capital redemption reserve 
Listing cost reserve 

Retained (losses) / profits 

Total equity 

Notes 

2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

12 

14 
16 

17 
17 
18 

21 
21 
22 
22 
22 

67 
17 
30,995 
31,079 

354 
2,138 
2,492 
167 
2,659 

(940) 
(685) 
(2,100) 
(3,725) 

113 
35 
32,913 
33,061 

768 
954 
1,722 
- 
1,722 

(1,441) 
(685) 
- 
(2,126) 

- 

(13) 

30,013 

32,644 

8,783 
8,608 
309 
26,120 

(219)    
(13,588)    

8,763 
8,589 
309 
26,120 
(219) 
(10,918) 

30,013 

32,644 

In  accordance  with  section  408  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  the  parent  company  has  not  presented  its  own 
Income Statement, which resulted in a loss after tax of £2.7m (2022: loss £13.6m). 

Approved by the Board on 17 May 2024 and signed on its behalf by: 

Frank Waters 
Chief Executive Officer         The notes on pages 80 to 115 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Loss after tax from Continuing operations 
Loss after tax from Discontinued operations 
Loss for the year including discontinued operations 

Adjustments for: 
Interest charge 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Impairment charges 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment - owned assets 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment - ROU assets 
Tax (credit) / charge 
Share based payments 
Foreign exchange variance and other non-cash items 
Decrease / (Increase) in inventories 
Increase in trade and other receivables 
Increase / (Decrease) in trade and other payables 
Gain on disposals of fixed assets 
Cash generated from operations 

Interest paid 
Tax paid 

Net cash inflow / (outflow) from operating activities 

Investing activities 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Purchase of business 
Purchase of other intangibles 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary 

2023 
£’000 
(1,438) 
(3,263) 
(4,701) 

287 
1,676 
2,558 
690 
712 
(529) 
- 
218 
406 
(826) 
1,763 
(39) 
2,215 

(258) 
(297) 

1,660 

(462) 
(2,757) 
(9) 
62 
- 

2022 
restated 
£’000 
125 
(3,059) 
(2,934) 

124 
702 
- 
2,281 
761 
1,031 
309 
(102) 
(440) 
(212) 
(1,353) 
(16) 
151 

(124) 
(539) 

(512) 

(1,191) 
(1,211) 
(241) 
- 
2,843 

Notes 

7 
11 
10 & 11 
10 
10 
8 
25 

10 
11 
11 

13 

Net cash (outflow) / inflow generated from investing activities 

(3,166) 

200 

Financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of ordinary share capital 
Loans received 
Principal elements of lease payments 

Net cash inflow / (outflow) generated from financing activities 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Less cash held for sale 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

39 
2,100 
(691) 

1,448 
(58) 
4,195 
(505) 
3,632 

14 
- 
(708) 

(694) 
(1,006) 
5,201 
- 
4,195 

Note  that  the  presentation  of  the  cashflow  takes  into  consideration  the  combined  Continuing  and  Discontinued 
movements in cash. See also the reconciliation of the movement in adjusted net debt on page 19 of the Strategic 
Report. The notes on pages 80 to 115 form an integral part of these financial statements.  

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Company Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Loss for the year 

Adjustments for: 
Interest charge 
Impairment charges 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Depreciation 
Share based payments 
Decrease / (Increase) in trade and other receivables 
Decrease in trade and other payables 
Cash used in operations 

Interest paid 
Net cash outflow from operating activities 

Investing activities 
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 
Net cash (used) / generated in investing activities 

Financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of ordinary share capital 
Loans received  
Principal elements of lease payments 
Net cash inflow from financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

The notes on pages 80 to 115 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

(2,670) 

(13,599) 

229 
1,714 
18 
50 
- 
(1,184) 
(479) 
(2,322) 

(199) 
(2,521) 

- 
(4) 
1 
(3) 

39 
2,100 
(29) 
2,110 

(414) 
768 

354 

121 
11,446 
18 
28 
309 
127 
(1,715) 
(3,265) 

(279) 
(3,544) 

2,843 
(81) 
- 
2,762 

14 
- 
(14) 
- 

(782) 
1,550 

768 

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Note 

Capital 
redemption 
reserve 
£’000 

Share 
option 
reserve 
£’000 

Retained 
losses 

£’000 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
£’000 

Reverse 
acquisition 
reserve 
£’000 

Listing 
cost 
reserve 
£’000 

Total 
equity 
£’000 

At 1 December 2021 

8,749 

8,589 

26,120 

Loss for the year 

Issue of shares 

Equity settled share-
based payments 

25 

Other comprehensive 
expense 

- 

14 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

309 

(2,934) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

206 

(116) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,934) 

14 

309 

90 

(21,581) 

(2,430) 

(3,317) 

(219) 

15,911 

At 30 November 2022 

8,763 

8,589 

26,120 

309 

(24,309) 

(2,546) 

(3,317) 

(219) 

13,390 

Loss for the year 

Issue of shares 

21 

Other comprehensive 
expense 

- 

20 

- 

- 

19 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(4,701) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(406) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(4,701) 

39 

(406) 

At 30 November 2023 

8,783 

8,608 

26,120 

309 

(29,010) 

(2,952) 

(3,317) 

(219) 

8,322 

The notes on pages 80 to 115 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 30 November 2022 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Note 

Capital 
redemption 
reserve 
£’000 

Share 
option 
reserve 
£’000 

Listing 
cost 
reserve 
£’000 

Retained 
profits/ 
(losses) 
£’000 

Total 
equity 
£’000 

8,749 

8,589 

26,120 

- 

14 

- 

21 

25 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

309 

(219) 

2,681 

45,920 

- 

- 

- 

(13,599) 

(13,599) 

- 

- 

14 

309 

8,763 

8,589 

26,120 

309 

(219) 

(10,918) 

32,644 

- 

20 

- 

19 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,670) 

(2,670) 

- 

39 

8,783 

8,608 

26,120 

309 

(219) 

(13.588) 

30,013 

At 30 November 
2021 

Loss for the year 

Issue of shares 

Equity-settled share-
based payments 

At 30 November 
2022 

Loss for the year 

Issue of shares 

21 

At 30 November 
2023 

The notes on pages 80 to 115 form an integral part of these financial statements. 

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 November 2022 

1. 

Accounting Policies 

General information and basis of preparation 

Bigblu  Broadband  plc  is  a  public  limited  company,  incorporated  and  domiciled  in  England  and  Wales 
under the Companies Act 2006.  The address of its registered office is 6th Floor, 60 Gracechurch Street, 
London,  EC3V  0HR.  The  Company’s  ordinary  shares  are  traded  on  the  AIM  Market  operated  by  the 
London  Stock  Exchange.  The  financial  statements  of  Bigblu  Broadband  plc  for  the  year  ended  30 
November 2023 were authorised for issue by the Board on 17 May 2024 and the balance sheets signed 
on the Board’s behalf by Frank Waters. 

The nature of the Group’s operations and its principal activities is the provision of satellite and wireless 
broadband telecommunications and associated / related services and products. 

The  Group  prepares  its  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards and International Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards  Board  (IASB)  and  Interpretations  (collectively  IFRSs).  The  financial  statements  have  been 
prepared on the historical cost basis.  

The consolidated financial statements are for the 12 months to 30 November 2023. This review covers 
the  consolidated  results  of  Bigblu  Broadband  plc  and  its  subsidiary  undertakings  from  the  date  of 
acquisition.  

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  management  to  make 
judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts in 
the financial statements. The areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where 
assumptions or estimates are significant to the financial statements are disclosed further.  The principal 
accounting  policies  set  out  below  have  been  consistently  applied  to  all  the  years  presented  in  these 
financial statements, except as stated below. 

At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, the Group has not  applied the following new 
and revised IFRS  Accounting Standards that  have been issued but are not yet  effective, and in some 
cases have not yet been adopted by the Group:  

▪  Amendments to IAS 1: Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current 
▪  Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2: Disclosure of Accounting Policies 
▪  Amendments to IAS 8: Definition of Accounting Estimates 
▪  Amendments to IAS 12: Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single 

Transaction 

The directors do not expect that the adoption of the Standards listed above will have a material impact on 
the financial statements of the Group in future periods. 

Going concern 

The Group’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance 
and position are set out in the Strategic Report on pages 3 to 32. The financial position of the Group, its cash 
flows and liquidity position are described in the Finance Review on pages 10 to 21. In addition note 25 to the 
financial statement includes the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for managing its capital, its financial 
risk  management objectives, details of its financial instruments and its exposures to credit risk and liquidity 
risk. 

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. 

Accounting Policies (continued) 

Going concern continued 

During the year the Group generated an adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations before a number of 
non-cash  and  start-up  costs  expenses  as  shown  on  page  16,  of  £4.5m  (2022:  £4.1m),  and  with  cash 
inflow from operations before interest, tax and capital expenditure, of £5.3m (2022: inflow of £0.7m). Net 
cash at 30 November 2023 was £2.0m (FY22: £4.2m) after the payment of £2.5m following the acquisition 
of the customers of Harbour (Uniti) in February 2023. The Group also has a undrawn RCF of £7.9m with 
Santander as at 30 November 2023, from an agreed facility of £10m. 

Having  reviewed  the  Group’s  budgets,  projections,  and  funding  requirements,  and  taking  account  of 
reasonable possible changes in trading performance over the next twelve months, the Directors believe 
they  have  reasonable  grounds  for  stating  that  the  Group  has  adequate  resources  to  continue  in 
operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, the Directors continue to adopt the going 
concern basis in preparing the Annual Report and Accounts. 

The Board has concluded that no matters have come to its attention which suggest that the Group will not 
be able to maintain its current terms of trade with customers and suppliers or indeed that it could not adopt 
relevant  measures  as  outlined  in  the  Strategic  report  to  reduce  costs  and  free  cash  flow.  The  latest 
management  information  in  terms  of  volumes,  debt  position,  ARPU  and  Churn  are  in  fact  showing  a 
positive position compared to prior year and budget. The forecasts for the combined Group projections, 
taking  account  of  reasonably  possible  changes  in  trading  performance,  indicate  that  the  Group  has 
sufficient cash available to continue in operational existence throughout the forecast year and beyond. 
The Board has considered various alternative operating strategies should these be necessary and are 
satisfied that revised operating strategies could be adopted if and when necessary. As a consequence, 
the Board believes that the Group is well placed to manage its business risks, and longer-term strategic 
objectives, successfully. 

Following a full market exercise undertaken by independent advisors the Board agreed a Management 
Buy Out (MBO) of the business by local management. In arriving at this decision the Board recognised 
the early stage of the turnaround of the Norwegian business as well as the potential need for further cash 
investment to grow the business far less support any further demounting and migration projects as the 
Norwegian operations sought to continue its transition to an asset light business. In addition, the disposal 
of  the  Norwegian  business  allows  the  Board  to  reduce  annual  central  costs  by  c.£0.4m  and  focus  on 
realising value from the Australian Operations and the retained stake in Quickline. 

Revenue 

Revenue  is  recognised  at  an  amount  that  reflects  the  consideration  to  which  the  entity  expects  to  be 
entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer net of sales taxes and discounts. 
The Group principally obtains revenue from providing the following telecommunications services: airtime 
usage,  rental  of  equipment  and  other  service  charges,  connection  fees,  and  equipment  sales  and  IP 
address sales. IP sales are recognised as revenue, and not other income, due to the IP address being 
part of the original purchase price of activated customers, which is consistet with prior year. Customers 
can acquire either single or multiple products and services, with the principal service being the provision 
of  airtime.  Airtime  usage  represents  the  monthly  or  other  periodic  subscription  charge  for  use  of  the 
Satellite or Fixed Wireless broadband solution that we provide. These are incremental amounts selected 
by the customer independent of their decision whether to purchase or rent equipment. The performance 
obligation is discharged by ensuring that the service contracted for is available throughout the invoiced 
period and revenue is recognised on an even basis over the period during which the airtime is provided. 
We describe this as recurring revenue, by which we mean that it is contracted for a period of time and can 
be renewed. 

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. 

Accounting Policies (Continued) 

Service  charges  include  rental  of  equipment  where  the  customer  has  not  purchased  it  outright.  The 
performance obligation is fulfilled by ongoing availability of the equipment in a working condition and is 
accounted for over the contracted period during which the customer has the right of use. Usually, rental 
charges are made monthly in advance. Where the period charged for includes a number of days after the 
end  of  the  accounting  period,  we  treat  the  revenue  for  those  days  as  being  deferred,  calculated  on  a 
prorated daily basis. Other service charges also include sundry fees, such as charges for non-return of 
rental equipment, all of which are accounted for at a point in time when the relevant performance obligation 
is satisfied by an identified action (see below in this section for further detail). 

Connection fees refer to the installation of Satellite or Fixed Wireless receiving equipment charged to our 
customer, plus revenue received from our third-party satellite providers in the form of an activation rebate 
for  every  new  connection.  Distinct  performance  obligations  apply  to  each  of  these  charges,  and  we 
account  for  the  revenue  at  a  point  in  time  when  the  relevant  action  to  satisfy  these  obligations  is 
performed. The primary driver of this revenue is the activation of the services on our suppliers’ networks. 

Equipment sales primarily refer to the purchase of all hardware purchased by the customer and typically 
includes such items as satellite dishes, modems, transmit and receive integrated assemblies (“TRIA’s”), 
poles  and  routers  or  other  similar  equipment.  The  performance  obligation  is  to  deliver  the  product  or 
products to the customer as distinct from activating a customer to the broadband service. Such products 
are typically despatched same day or within 24 hours and so we account for these despatches as revenue 
at the point in time when delivery to the customer is performed and the performance obligation is complete. 
However,  note  that  in  the  majority  of  the  group’s  contracts  equipment  is  supplied  to  customers  in 
exchange for a periodic rental, which is subject to a different performance obligation as described above. 

Foreign currency 

For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of each Group 
company  are  expressed  in  Pounds  Sterling,  which  is  the  functional  currency  of  the  Group,  and  the 
presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements. 

In preparing the financial statements of the individual companies, transactions in currencies other than 
the entity’s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing on 
the  dates  of  the  transactions.  At  each  balance  sheet  date,  monetary  assets  and  liabilities  that  are 
denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the balance sheet date.  Non-
monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. 
Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items, and on the retranslation of monetary 
items, are included in profit and loss for the year.   

For the purpose of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Group’s 
foreign operations are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date.  Income and 
expense items are translated at the average monthly rate of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction, 
unless exchange rates fluctuate significantly during that month, in which case the exchange rates at the 
date of transactions are used. 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. 

Accounting Policies (continued) 

Property, plant and equipment 

 Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, 
if any.  

Depreciation is calculated under the straight-line method to write off the depreciable amount of the assets 
over their estimated useful lives. Depreciation of an asset does not cease when the asset becomes idle 
or is retired from active use unless the asset is fully depreciated.  

Land 
Building improvements   
Fixtures, fittings & infrastructure 10% - 25% on cost 
IT hardware and software 
Motor vehicles   
Rental Stock 

25% on cost 
25% on cost 
25% on cost 

0% on cost 
20% on cost 

The depreciation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at 
the  end  of  each  reporting  year  to  ensure  that  the  amounts,  method  and  years  of  depreciation  are 
consistent  with  previous  estimates  and  the  expected  pattern  of  consumption  of  the  future  economic 
benefits embodied in the items of the property, plant and equipment. 

Subsequent  costs  are  included  in  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  or  recognised  as  a  separate  asset,  as 
appropriate, only when the cost is incurred, and it is probable that the future economic benefits associated 
with the asset will flow to the  Group and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. The carrying 
amount of parts that are replaced is derecognised. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant 
and equipment are recognised in profit or loss as incurred. Gains or losses on disposal are included in 
Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Goodwill 

Goodwill  on  acquisitions  comprises  the  excess  of  the  aggregate  of  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration 
transferred, the fair value of any previously held interests, and the recognised value of the non-controlling 
interest in the acquiree, over the net of the acquisition date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed.   

Goodwill is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually 
or  more  frequently  if  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  a  potential  impairment  and  using 
discount cashflow valuations based on future operating profits.  Gains and losses on the disposal of an 
entity include the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold. 

Intangible Assets and Amortisation 

Goodwill and Intellectual Property are reviewed annually for impairment and the carrying value is reduced 
accordingly.  Other  intangible  assets  are  amortised  from  the  date  they  are  available  for  use  over  their 
estimated useful lives as per below and this is charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis:  

•  Customer Contracts – 2 years   
•  Software – 3 years 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
    
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. 

Accounting Policies (continued) 

Intangible assets recognised in a business combination    

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination and recognised separately from goodwill are initially 
recognised at their fair value at the acquisition date. 

Amortisation is charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis (Within administration expenses) over the 
estimated useful lives of the intangible asset unless such lives are indefinite. These charges are included 
in other expenses in profit or loss. Intangible assets with an indefinite useful life are tested for impairment 
annually. Other intangible assets are amortised from the date they are available for use. The useful lives 
are as follows:   

•  Customer Contracts – 2 years   
Intellectual Property – 3 years 
• 

Investments 

 Investments are recorded at cost. Investments are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable.  Investments in subsidiaries 
are stated at cost and reviewed for impairment on an annual basis. In relation to our Quickline investment 
the loan notes are debt and held at amortised cost whilst shares are investment in equity and held at fair 
value with movements recognised in other comprehensive income under IFRS 9. 

Inventories 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Costs of inventories are determined 
on a first-in-first-out basis. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories less 
all estimated costs of completion and costs to make the sale. 

Trade and Other Receivables 

Trade and other receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that 
are not quoted  in an active market. Trade and  other receivables  are measured  at amortised cost  less 
impairment losses.  

The collectability of debt is assessed on a monthly basis such that individual and collective impairment 
provisions are made as and when required. 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand,  demand  deposits, funds held in escrow and  other 
short-term,  highly  liquid  investments  that  are  readily  convertible  to  a  known  amount  of  cash  and  are 
subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.   

Trade and Other Payables 

Trade and other  payables  are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the 
ordinary  course  of  business  from  suppliers.  Accounts  payables  are  classified  as  current  liabilities  if 
payment is due within one year. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade payables are 
recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method. 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. 

Accounting Policies (continued) 

Impairment of Non-Financial Assets 

The Group assesses annually whether there is any indication that any of its assets have been impaired. If 
such an indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated and compared to its carrying value. 
Where it is impossible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Group estimates the 
recoverable amount of the smallest cash-generating unit to which the asset is allocated.  If the recoverable 
amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount an impairment 
loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which 
case the impairment loss is recognised as revaluation decrease. For goodwill, intangible assets that have 
an  indefinite  life,  and  intangible  assets  not  yet  available  for  use,  the  recoverable  amount  is  estimated 
annually and at the end of each reporting year if there is an indication of impairment. 

Share based payments  

The Group operates share option schemes in which certain employees of the Group can be awarded share 
options in return for services provided to the Group. The fair value of the employee services received in 
exchange for the grant of share options is recognised as an expense over the vesting period.  

Where  share  options  and  warrants  are  issued  to  providers  of  other  services  or  financing,  the  fair  value 
ascribed to such services or financing is attributed to the options and recognised over the provision of the 
relevant obligation. 

Provisions 

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a 
past event, it is probable that the Group will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can 
be made of the amount of the obligation. 

Where it is considered possible, rather than probable, that the Group will be required to settle an obligation 
arising  from  a  past  event,  or  the  amount  required  to  make  settlement  cannot  be  reliably  estimated,  a 
contingent liability is disclosed but no associated amount is recognised in the Balance sheet. The amount 
recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation 
at the Balance Sheet date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation, its 
carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is 
material). 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. Accounting Policies (continued) 

Financial Instruments  

The Group classifies financial instruments, or their component parts, on initial recognition as a financial 
asset,  a  financial  liability,  or  an  equity  instrument  in  accordance  with  the  substance  of  the  contractual 
arrangement. Financial instruments are recognised when the  Group becomes a party to the contractual 
provisions of the instrument.  Financial instruments are recognised initially at fair value plus transactions 
costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial instrument, except for financial 
assets at fair value through profit or loss, which are initially measured at fair value, excluding transaction 
costs (which is recognised in profit or loss). Financial assets are de-recognised when the rights to receive 
cash  flows  from  the  investments  have  expired  or  have  been  transferred  and  the  Group  has  transferred 
substantially all risk and rewards of ownership.    

Equity Instruments 

Equity instruments issued by the Group are recorded at the value of proceeds received, net of costs directly  
attributable to the issue of the instruments. 

Leases 

As a lessee 

The Group leases various offices, warehouses, items of equipment and vehicles. Bigblu Norge also lease 
space for locating equipment for their fixed wireless network infrastructures and fibre comprising part of 
their backbone networks. 

As indicated above the Group adopted IFRS 16 Leases from 1 December 2018 resulting in a change of 
accounting policy. Until 30 November 2018 leases of property, plant and equipment where the Group, as 
lessee, had substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership, were classified as finance leases. Leases 
in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership were not transferred to the Group as 
lessee were classified as operating leases (note 22). Payments made under operating leases (net of any 
incentives received from the lessor) were charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the period 
of the lease. 

Under  the  current  policy  the  Group  assesses  whether  a  contract  contains  a  lease,  at  the  date  of  its 
inception. The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability with respect to 
all lease agreements in which it is the lessee, except for short-term leases (defined as leases with a lease 
term of 12 months or less) and leases of low value assets. For these leases, the Group recognises the 
lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless another 
systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased 
asset are consumed. 

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are unpaid at the 
commencement  date,  discounted  by  using  the  rate  implicit  in  the  lease.  If  that  rate  cannot  be  readily 
determined, which is generally the case for leases in the Group, the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate 
is  used,  being  the  rate  that  the  individual  lessee  would  have  to  pay  to  borrow  the  funds  necessary  to 
obtain an asset of similar value to the right-of-use asset in a similar economic environment with similar 
terms, security and conditions. 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. 

Accounting Policies (continued) 

Leases (continued) 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise: 
• 
• 

Fixed lease payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives. 
variable lease payment that are based on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or 
rate as at the commencement date 
amounts expected to be payable by the Group under residual value guarantees 
the exercise price of a purchase option if the Group is reasonably certain to exercise that option, and 
payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Group exercising that 
option. 

• 
• 
• 

The lease liability is included in payables in the Statement of Financial Position under either Current or 
Non-Current Liabilities according to when the future lease payments fall due. 

The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the 
lease  liability  (using  the  effective  interest  method)  and  by  reducing  the  carrying  amount  to  reflect  the 
payments made. 

Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following: 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability 
any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received 
any initial direct costs, and 
restoration costs 

Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset's useful life and the lease term 
on a straight-line basis. If the Group is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use 
asset is depreciated over the underlying asset’s useful life.  

The  right-of-use  assets  are  included  in  Property,  plant  and  equipment  in  the  Statement  of  Financial 
Position. 

Payments associated with short-term leases of equipment and vehicles and all leases of low-value assets 
are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are leases with 
a lease term of 12 months or less. Low-value assets comprise rental of small amounts of space for locating 
network infrastructure equipment and small items of office equipment. During 2023 the amount accounted 
for as low value assets was £25k (2022: £25k) primarily as a result of excluding leases for space to locate 
repeater equipment owned by Brdy AS with an individual annual cost of less than £500.  

As a lessor 

Lease income from operating leases where the Group is a lessor is recognised in income on a straight 
line basis over the lease term (note 22) Initial direct costs incurred in obtaining an operating lease are 
added to the carrying amount of the underlying asset and recognised as expense over the lease term on 
the same basis as lease income. The respective leased assets are included in the balance sheet based 
on their nature.  

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. 

Accounting Policies (continued) 

Current and deferred taxation 

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the Statement of 
Comprehensive Income, except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised 
as other comprehensive  income  or to an item recognised  directly in equity is  also recognised in other 
comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively. 

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or 
substantively  enacted  by the reporting date  in the countries where the Group operates and generates 
income. 

Deferred  tax  balances  are  recognised  in  respect  of  all  timing  differences  that  have  originated  but  not 
reversed by the Statement of Financial Position date, except that: 

•  The  recognition  of  deferred  tax  assets  is  limited  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that  they  will  be 

recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and  

•  Any  deferred  tax  balances  are  reversed  if  and  when  all  conditions  for  retaining  associated  tax 

allowances have been met. 

Deferred  tax  balances  are  not  recognised  in  respect  of  permanent  differences  except  in  respect  of 
business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the  fair values of 
assets  acquired  and  the  future  tax  deductions  available  for  them  and  the  differences  between  the  fair 
values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax.  Deferred tax is determined 
using rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. 

Employee Entitlements 

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits for annual leave, which is expected to 
be settled within 12 months of the reporting date are recognised in other payables in respect of employee’s 
services up to the reporting date and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities 
are  settled.  Liabilities  for  non-accumulating  sick  leave  are  recognised  when  the  leave  is  taken  and 
measured at the rates paid or payable.  The liabilities for employee entitlements are carried at the present 
value of the estimated future cash flows. 

Pensions 

The Group operates a defined contribution scheme, the pension cost charge represents the contributions 
payable. 

Research & Development 

Expenditure incurred at the research stage is written off to the income statement as an expense when 
incurred. An intangible asset arising from development is capitalised when the Company demonstrates 
technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset, intention  to complete  and use or sell the asset, 
ability to use or sell the asset, existence of a market or, if to be used internally, the usefulness of the asset, 
availability of adequate technical, financial, and other resources to complete the asset and the cost of the 
asset can be measured reliably. 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

1. 

Accounting Policies (continued) 

Critical accounting judgements and key areas of estimation uncertainty 

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other 
factors, including expectation of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances 

(a)  Property, plant and equipment 

Depreciation  is  derived  using  estimates  of  its  expected  useful  life  and  residual  value,  which  are 
reviewed annually.  Management determines useful lives and residual values based on experience 
with similar assets.   

(b)  Discontinued Operations 

Discontinued operations are a component of the Group that has been disposed of and that represents 
a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations. The loss on disposal reported 
in the current financial year takes into consideration the proceeds less the carrying value of the net 
assets  position  at  the  date  of  disposal  for  discontinued  operations,  and  all  associated  costs 
considered  incremental  and  directly  attributable  to  the  disposal  transaction.  The  results  of 
discontinued operations are presented separately in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income. Cash flows associated with discontinued operations are presented within the Consolidated 
Statement of Cash flows, with analysis of the elements related to discontinued operations presented 
separately in note 13. 

The judgement required for treatment of a discontinued business is based on the Board's assessment 
of whether the conditions laid out by IFRS 5 were met at the balance sheet date, in particular if a 
disposal transaction was considered highly probable at that point in time. 

(c)  Share based compensation 

The Group issues equity settled share based payments to certain Directors and employees, which 
have included grants of shares and options in the current year. Equity settled share based payments 
are measured at fair value at the date of grant, with the charge being recognised within the statement 
of comprehensive income over the year of service to which the grant relates.  

The fair value is measured using a Black-Scholes framework. The Directors have used judgement in 
the calculation of the fair values of the share based compensation which has been granted during the 
year, and different assumptions in the model would change the financial result of the business.  

(d)  Forecasting 

The Group prepares medium-term forecasts based on Board approved budgets and 3-year financial 
models. These are used to support judgements in the preparation of the Group’s financial statements 
including the decision on whether to recognise deferred tax assets and for the Group’s going concern 
assessment. 

(e)  Goodwill and other intangible assets 

Judgement is required in the annual impairment test of goodwill to ascertain if there are any signs of 
impairment. This test covers the future discounted cash flow performance against the carrying value 
of the Goodwill. In addition goodwill is valued with reference to the assessed fair value of the cash 
generating unit to which it relates. During the year there was a material impairment of goodwill due to 
the result of estimates made and judgements applied (Note 11). The Group values other intangibles 
based on the following: 

•  Customer contracts have been valued by taking an average length of contract multiplied by an 
average margin per month. A discount rate has been applied to the calculated value to reflect  

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Accounting Policies (continued) 

Critical accounting judgements and key areas of estimation uncertainty (continued) 

customer  churn  and  doubtful  debts.  The  margin  and  applied  discount  will  vary  dependant  on  the 
customer base which factors in location, economy and history of the previous business. The contract 
value will be reviewed annually for impairment. 

Intellectual property based on estimated fair value 

• 
•  Capitalisation of internal staff for development of systems and major projects is calculated on a 
time basis and charged to intangible assets and amortised over the agreed policy in place for such 
assets. 

(f)  Trade and other receivables 

Judgement is required in ascertaining the collectability of debt and impairment provisions are made 
accordingly.  Impairment  is  determined  on  the  age  of  the  debt  and  suitable  provisions  are  then 
provided where appropriate. 

(g)  Contingent Liabilities/Provisions 

Judgement is required in ascertaining the  carrying value of any  provisions  or contingent liabilities 
where there is support is available, but uncertainty as to the amount that will ultimately be settled. 
Any  provisions  are  estimated  based  on  facts  relevant  at  the  reporting  date  and  reported  in  the 
relevant sections of the notes to the accounts. Such estimates are considered inherently uncertain 
and outcomes may ultimately differ materially from the provision made. Where no provision has been 
made but an outflow of economic benefit remains possible, a contingent liability is  disclosed. The 
distinction between probable and possible is a matter of the Directors’ judgement. 

(h)  Recoverable value of investments in subsidiaries and amount due from group undertaking 

If expected future cash flows cannot be reliably measured or are lower than the assessed fair value 
of investments in subsidiaries and amounts owed from group undertakings, then the fair value amount 
is recognised as the carrying value. The assessment of fair value (less costs to sell) is made with 
reference to assumptions around enterprise value and any adjustment to derive an equity value. Such 
estimations  are  inherently  uncertain  and  may  ultimately  materially  differ  from  carrying  values 
recognised in the financial statements. 

(i)  Recoverable value of deferred tax assets 

Judgement is required to assess how probable it is that taxable profits will be available against which 
historic tax losses can be utilised. The extent of tax losses and timing of release is an estimate and 
may materially differ. 

(j)  Fair value measurement 

A number of assets and liabilities included in the Group’s financial statements require measurement 
at,  and/or  disclosure  of,  fair  value.  The  fair  value  measurement  of  the  Group’s  financial  and  non-
financial assets and liabilities utilises market observation inputs and data as far as possible. Inputs 
used  in  determining  fair  value  measurements  are  categorised  into  different  levels  based  on  how 
observable the inputs used in the valuation technique utilised are (the ‘fair value hierarchy’): 

•  Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical items (unadjusted) 
•  Level 2: Observable direct or indirect inputs other than Level 1 inputs 
•  Level 3: Unobservable inputs (i.e. not derived from market data 

The classification of an item into the above levels is based on the lowest level of the inputs  used that 
has a significant effect on the fair value measurement of the item. 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

A key judgement made by the Directors is in assessing the degree of reliability of valuation indicators. In 
making a determination of the appropriate fair value at which to recognise equity investments, valuation is 
based on the most reliable indicators identified 

2.  Continuing Operations Revenue 

Recurring revenue - airtime 
Recurring revenue - other 
Other non recurring revenue 

2023 
£’000 

23,962 
220 
1,755 

2022 
£’000 

25,367 
101 
1,724 

25,937 

27,192 

Other  non  recurring  revenue  includes  the  sale  of  stock,  routers,  service  recharges  and  the  sale  of  IP 
addresses. Such service recharges are set out in note 24. Given the changing nature of the new products 
in the Group, from time to time, the Group will have retained IP addesses from churned customers that 
result in being sold, but less regularly. These IP address are in general purchased with new customers, 
when activated, which in part represent the cost base to serve  the customers, and is normal  on-going 
trading 

Segmental split of Continuing Operations Revenue: 

The Group’s continuing operations are located in Australia and the UK with the head office located in the 
United Kingdom. The assets of the Group, cash and cash equivalents, are split across each of the regions, 
with the non-current assets shown below.  

The Group currently has one reportable segment – provision of broadband services – and categorises all 
revenue  from  operations  to  the  segment.  The  chief  operating  decision  maker  is  the  Chief  Executive 
Officer.  The  Group’s  revenue  from  external  customers,  and  the  non-current  assets  by  geographical 
location is detailed below: 

United Kingdom 
Rest of World 

External revenue by  
location of customer 

Non-current assets by  
location of assets 

2023 
         £’000 
534 
25,403 

2022 
     £’000 
681 
26,511 

         2023 
2022 
        £’000               £’000 
8,691 
5,300 

6,078 
6,128 

13,991 
In  order  to  present  relevant  information,  non-current  assets  by  location  have  been  re-presented  for  the 
purposes of this note only, so as to compare the continuing revenue as analysed by region. 

25,937 

27,192 

12,206 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

3. 

Profit from Group Operations 

Continuing operations 
2022 
£’000 

2023 
£’000 

Discontinued operations 

2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

The profit has been arrived at after 
charging/(crediting) the following: 

Depreciation of property plant & equipment - owned 
assets (Note 10) 
Depreciation  of  property  plant  &  equipment  -  ROU 
assets (Note 10) 
Amortisation of intangible assets (Note 11) 
Impairment charges 
Share based payments (Note 25) 
Wages & salaries and social security costs (Note 5) 
Profit on disposal of Fixed Assets 
Impairment of Fixed Assets 
Foreign exchange movement  
Pension costs (Note 5) 

338 

259 

1,515 
147 
- 
4,033 
(32) 
- 
233 
235 

771 

285 

425 
- 
309 
4,065 
- 
- 
(206) 
242 

352 

453 

161 
2,083 
- 
1,358 
(7) 
328 
- 
23 

544 

476 

277 
- 
- 
1,565 
- 
966 
- 
27 

4.  Auditor’s Remuneration 

Audit services 
Fees payable to the Group’s auditor for the audit of the Group’s  
annual accounts 
Fees payable to the Group’s auditor for other services: 
Other services  

5.  Staff Costs 

2023 
£’000 

2022 
    £’000 

81 

8 
89 

77 

7 
84 

The aggregate remuneration of all employees (including directors), for continuing and discontinued  
operations comprised: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Pension costs 

Continuing operations 

2023 
         £’000 

2022 
     £’000 

Discontinued operations 
2022 
     £’000 

2023 
         £’000 

3,763 
270 
235 
4,268 

3,738 
327 
242 
4,307 

1,184 
175 
23 
1,382 

1,420 
146 
27 
1,593 

The average monthly number of people (Including the Executive Directors) employed during the year by 
category of employment were as follows, including the staff employed by the discontinued operations: 

Operating staff 
Sales Staff 
Management and administrative staff 

Continuing operations 
2022 
39 
9 
19 
67 

2023 
38 
8 
14 
60 

Discontinued operations 

2023 
10 
4 
4 
18 

2022 
14 
4 
5 
23 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

6. 

Directors’ Remuneration  

Salaries 
Benefits 
Pension costs 

2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

768 
13 
22 

975 
11 
20 

803 

1,006 

The  highest  paid  director’s  aggregate  remuneration  was  £326k  (2022:  £421k)  including  pension 
contributions of £11k (2022: £9k). Details of directors’ remuneration, including pension contributions, are 
set out in the Directors’ Report on page 37. The salaries include bonuses of Nil (FY22: £50k) charged to 
discontinued operations. 

7.  Finance Costs 

Bank interest payable 
Other interest 
Lease interest expense 

Total interest payable 
Other finance costs 
Total finance costs 

2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

227 
4 
6 

237 
1 
238 

38 
6 
18 

62 
2 
64 

Interest payable on the Revolving Credit Facility is  3.40% (FY22: 3.40%) + SONIA (Sterling Overnight 
Index Average) (FY22: SONIA). Interest paid in the year amounts to £0.23m (FY22: £0.04m) 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

8. 

Taxation 

a)  Tax (credit) / charge for the year 

UK Corporation tax 
Overseas corporation tax 
Deferred tax (credit) / charge 

Current tax (credit) / charge   

b)  Tax reconciliation 

2023 
£’000 

- 
- 
(529) 

2022 
£’000 

- 
554 
477 

(529) 

1,031 

The taxation credit on the loss for the year differs from the amount computed by applying the corporation 
tax rate to the loss before tax for the following reasons: 

Loss on ordinary activities before tax 

Tax at UK corporation tax rate of 23.01% (2022: 19%) 
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit 
Adjustment for prior periods 
Temporary timing differences 
Deferred tax not recognised 1 
Foreign tax rate differences 
Changes in deferred tax rate 

2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

(5,230) 

(1,783) 

(1,203) 
404 
- 
(98) 
738 
(370) 
- 

(339) 
194 
- 

1,185 
(9) 
- 

Tax (credit) / charge at effective tax rate for the year 

(529) 

1,031 

1 Note that deferred tax assets on losses have only been recognised to the extent they are considered 
recoverable in the foreseeable future. 

c)   Deferred Tax 

The deferred tax included in the balance sheet as per note 20, is as follows: 

Deferred tax asset 
Deferred tax liability 

Factors affecting future tax charges 

2023 
£’000 

800 
(616) 

184 

2022 
£’000 

303 
(646) 

(343) 

The UK Finance Act 2022 received royal assent on 24 February 2022. This legislation maintained the UK 
corporation tax rate at the same level as in the year commencing at 19% for the years commencing 1 April 
2021 and 1 April 2022, increasing the rate to 25% in the year commencing 1 April 2023. 

There were unused tax losses of £12.1m at 30 November 2023 (£11.6m at 30 November 2022). A deferred tax 
liability relating to timing differences has been recognised. A deferred tax asset of £0.8m has been recognised 
in Australia which includes carried forward tax losses at the applicable local tax rate of £0.5m (2022: £nil). See 
note  20  for  further  details.  No  deferred  tax  asset  recognised  in  the  UK  due  to  the  uncertainty  surrounding 
utilisation of existing tax losses against future taxable profits. 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

9. 

Earnings / (Loss) Per Share 

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the  profit / (loss) attributable to shareholders by the 
weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.  

 30 November 2023 

Profit/(Loss) 
£’000 

Weighted  
Average 
Number of 
Shares 

Per Share 
Amount 
Pence 

Basic EPS - Loss attributable to shareholders 

       (4,701) 

58,524,645 

(8.0) 

Add back loss from discontinued operations 
Add back exceptional costs 
Adjusted  Profit  attributable 
continuing operations 

to  shareholders 

from 

Add back amortisation and impairment of intangible assets 
Adjusted EPS – Adjusted Profit attributable to shareholders 
from continuing operations1 

3,263 
3,929 
2,491 

1,662 

4,153 

58,524,645 

Diluted EPS – Loss attributable to shareholders  

(4,701) 

58,820,176 

7.1 

(8.0) 

Adjusted  Diluted  EPS  –  Adjusted  Profit  attributable  to 
shareholders from continuing operations as above1 

4,153 

58,820,176 

7.1 

30 November 2022 

Weighted 
Average 
Number of 
Shares 

Per Share 
Amount 
Pence 

Profit/(Loss) 
£’000 

       (2,934) 

58,376,211 

(5.0) 

Basic and diluted EPS 
Basic EPS - Loss attributable to shareholders 

Add back loss from discontinued operations 
Add back exceptional costs 
Add back share based payments 

Adjusted  Profit  attributable  to  shareholders  from 
continuing operations 

Add back amortisation 

Adjusted EPS – Adjusted Profit attributable to shareholders 
from continuing operations1 

3,059 
2,271 
309 

2,705 

444 

3,149 

58,376,211 

Diluted EPS – Profit attributable to shareholders 

(2,934) 

58,828,959 

5.4 

(5.0) 

Adjusted  Diluted  EPS  –  Adjusted  Profit  attributable  to 
shareholders from continuing operations as above 

3,149 

58,828,959 

5.4 

1 Non-GAAP alternative performance measurement, the profit attributable to shareholders from continuing 
operations is £4.2m (2022: £3.2m profit) after adding back exceptional costs £3.9m (FY22: £2.3m), share 
based payments (FY22: £0.3m), impairment of Fixed Assets £0.1m (FY22: Nil) and amortisation £1.5m 
(FY22:  £0.4m).  Adjusted  EPS  and  adjusted  diluted  EPS  are  alternative  non-GAAP  performance 
measures. 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

10.  

Property, Plant & Equipment – Group 

Land 
& 

Buildings 
£’000 

Fixtures, 
Fittings & 

IT 
Hardware 

Motor 
Infrastructure  & Software   Vehicles 
£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

  Cost 
  At 1 December 2021 

Exchange Differences 

  Additions 
  Disposals 
  Reclassification as 
intangible assets 

1,139 

13,250 

1,081 

61 
275 
(614) 

- 

321 
1,157 
(436) 

- 

36 
490 
(59) 

(368) 

  At 30 November 2022 

861 

14,292 

1,180 

Exchange Differences 

  Additions 
  Disposals 
  Reclassification as assets 

(62) 
2 
(49) 

(2,756) 
739 
(2,396) 

held for sale 

(158) 

(9,690) 

  At 30 November 2023 

594 

189 

    Accumulated Depreciation 

At 1 December 2021 

745 

10,406 

Exchange Differences 
Depreciation charge 
Asset impairment 
Disposals 
Reclassification as 
intangible amortisation 

43 
224 
- 
(545) 

- 

270 
1,527 
966 
(433) 

- 

At 30 November 2022 

467 

12,736 

Exchange Differences 

  Depreciation charge 
  Assets Impairment 
  Disposals 
  Reclassification as assets 

(42) 
225 
- 
(44) 

(2,598) 
810 
328 
(2,158) 

held for sale 

(110) 

(8,980) 

  At 30 November 2023 

496 

138 

  Net book value 
  At 30 November 2023 

98 

51 

  At 30 November 2022 

394 

1,556 

96 

(76) 
20 
(1) 

(130) 

993 

453 

13 
295 
- 
(58) 

(71) 

632 

(53) 
313 
- 
(1) 

(92) 

799 

194 

548 

Rental 
Stock 
£’000 

Total 
£’000 

217 

15,699 

3 
152 
- 

421 
2,108 
(1,109) 

- 

(368) 

372 

16,751 

(41) 
78 
(89) 

(2,936) 
841 
(2,580) 

(237) 

(10,217) 

83 

1,859 

- 

11,609 

- 
9 
- 
- 

- 

9 

(1) 
41 
- 
- 

326 
2,076 
966 
(1,036) 

(71) 

13,870 

(2,695) 
1,402 
328 
(2,241) 

(1) 

(9,183) 

48 

1,481 

35 

378 

12 

- 
34 
- 

- 

46 

(1) 
2 
(45) 

(2) 

- 

5 

- 
21 
- 
- 

- 

26 

(1) 
13 
- 
(38) 

- 

- 

- 

20 

363 

2,881 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

10.   Property, Plant & Equipment – Group (continued) 

  Right of Use assets 

Group Property, Plant & Equipment includes the following values for Right of Use assets 

Cost 
At 1 December 2021 

Exchange Differences 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 30 November 2022 

Exchange Differences 
Additions 
Disposals 
Reclassification as assets 
held for sale 

At 30 November 2023 

Accumulated Depreciation 
At 1 December 2021 

Exchange Differences 
Depreciation charge 
Disposals 

At 30 November 2022 

Exchange Differences 
Depreciation charge 
Disposals 
Reclassification as assets 
held for sale 

At 30 November 2023 

Net book value 
At 30 November 2023 

At 30 November 2022 

IT 

Hardware 
& Software  
£’000 

57 

- 
149 
(58) 

148 

(18) 
- 
- 

Total 
£’000 

5,054 

116 
771 
(1,107) 

4,834 

(411) 
379 
(2,316) 

(130) 

(1,798) 

- 

688 

42 

- 
62 
(58) 

46 

(10) 
56 
- 

(92) 

- 

- 

3,801 

86 
761 
(1,036) 

3,612 

(310) 
712 
(2,173) 

(1,276) 

565 

123 

102 

1,222 

Land 
& 

Fixtures, Fittings 
& 

  Buildings 

Infrastructure 

£’000 

3,914 

58 
355 
(435) 

3,892 

(334) 
379 
(2,287) 

(1,510) 

140 

3,045 

44 
487 
(432) 

3,144 

(261) 
444 
(2,148) 

(1,074) 

105 

35 

748 

£’000 

1,083 

58 
267 
(614) 

794 

(59) 
- 
(29) 

(158) 

548 

714 

42 
212 
(546) 

422 

(39) 
212 
(25) 

(110) 

460 

88 

372 

97 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

11. 

Intangible Assets - 
Group 

Customer 

Cost 
At 1 December 2021 
Additions 
Acquisition of customer base 
Reclassification of PPE 
Exchange Difference 

At 30 November 2022 
Additions 
Acquisition of customer base 
Exchange Difference 
Reclassification as assets held 
for sale 

  Goodwill  Contracts  Software 
£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

5,523 
- 
- 
- 
138 

5,661 
- 
- 
(197) 

3,935 
- 
907 
- 
177 

5,019 
- 
2,455 
(478) 

53 
241 
- 
368 
(7) 

655 
9 
- 
(74) 

Intellectual 
Property 
£’000 

Total 

£’000 

- 
- 
985 
- 
- 

985 
- 
- 
(65) 

9,511 
241 
1,892 
368 
308 

12,320 
9 
2,455 
(814) 

(2,083) 

- 

(537) 

- 

(2,620) 

At 30 November 2023 

3,381 

6,996 

53 

920 

11,350 

Accumulated Amortisation 
At 1 December 2021 
Amortisation 
Reclassification of PPE 
Exchange Differences 

At 30 November 2022 
Amortisation 
Impairment charges1 
Exchange Differences 
Reclassification as assets held 
for sale 

At 30 November 2023 

Net book value 
At 30 November 2023 

At 30 November 2022  

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
2,083 
- 

3,935 
378 
- 
182 

4,495 
1,491 

- 
294 
71 
(3) 

362 
179 

(398) 

(53) 

- 
30 
- 
- 

30 
6 
147 
(10) 

3,935 
702 
71 
179 

4,887 
1,676 
2,230 
(461) 

(2,083) 

- 

(452) 

- 

(2,535) 

- 

5,588 

3,381 

5,661 

1,408 

524 

36 

17 

293 

173 

747 

955 

5,797 

5,553 

7,433 

             1Impairment charges are recognised in the discontinued operations. 

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

Acquisition of customer base 

The  fully  owned  Australian  subsidiary  of  the  Company,  SkyMesh  PTY  LTD,  completed  the  acquisition  of 
customers  and  certain  business  assets  from  Harbour  ISP  PTY  LTD,  a  subsidiary  of  Uniti  Group  LTD  in 
December  2022.  This  has  not  be  treated  as  a  business  combination  as  the  acquisition  was  specific  to  the 
purchase of only a customer base.  

Customer Contracts 

Total consideration 

Satisfied by: 
Cash 

Annual test for impairment  

Cost of Addition 
£’000 
2,455 
------------- 
2,455 
   ====== 

2,455 
   ====== 

Under IAS 36, Goodwill is tested annually for impairment, irrespective of there being any impairment indicators. 
For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing,  goodwill  and  other  intangibles  are  allocated  to  business  units  which 
represent  the  lowest  level  at  which  those  assets  are  monitored  for  internal  management  purposes.  The 
recoverable  amount  of  each  cash-generating  unit  (‘GCU’)  is  determined  by  considering  value-in-use 
calculations, or fair value assessments. The value in use calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections based 
on financial budgets and forecasts approved by the Directors indicated that no impairment was required to the 
carrying value if Goodwill. The year-end model utilises forecasts based upon the Group’s budget, Strategy Plans 
and cashflows for FY24 and FY25. Over the 2-year forecast, the Group has applied compound average growth 
rates, pre IFRS16, for EBITDA of 2%. In accordance with IAS 36, the growth rates for beyond the initially forecast 
years do not exceed the long-term average growth rate for the industry. The forecasts have been discounted at 
a  pre-tax  rate  of  8.2%  (FY22:  8.3%).  This  discount  rate  was  calculated  using  a  pre-tax  rate  based  on  the 
weighted average cost of capital for the Group. 

The Directors consider that there are no reasonably foreseeable changes in performance of discount rate that 
would eliminate goodwill. 

As at 30 November 2023 the carrying amount of goodwill is its recoverable amount, being £nil (FY22: £2.1m) in 
respect of Brdy AS, which was held for sale at the reporting date, this was determined using a deemed fair value 
less cost to sell assessment and £3.4m (FY22: £3.6m) in respect of SkyMesh, calculated by considering value-
in-use. Recognition of impairment losses was £2.1m (FY22: £nil). Impairment charges for Brdy are included in 
the discontinued loss in the Statement of comprehensive income.  

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

12.        Investments 

Subsidiaries 
Other equity investments 
Loan notes 

Opening balance 
Movements during the year: 
Investment in subsidiary 
Loan note interest 
Impairment charge 
Reclassified as held for sale 

Group 
2023 
£’000 

- 
2,240 
3,755 

5,995 

Group 
2022 
£’000 

- 
2,240 
3,590 

5,830 

Company 
2023 
£’000 

Company 
2022 
£’000 

25,000 
2,240 
3,755 

27,083 
2,240 
3,590 

30,995 

32,913 

5,830 

5,672 

32,913 

44,201 

- 
165 
- 
- 

- 
158 
- 
- 

4,040 
165 
(5,956) 
(167) 

- 
158 
(11,446) 
- 

5,995 

5,830 

30,995 

32,913 

During the year the balance of £4.0m due to the Company by Brdy Infrastructure AS was capitalised thereby 
increasing the investment by the Company in its existing subsidiary.  

The carrying value of the investment in Brdy Infrastructure AS held by the Company at 30 November 2023 
was reduced by an impairment charge of £2.1m (FY22: £11.4m). The carrying value as at the 30 November 
2023 was £0.2m (FY22: £2.1m). There were no disposals in the year. 

The following table set out the valuation techniques used in determination of fair values, including the key 
inputs used: 

Item 

Valuation approach and inputs used 

Investment in loan notes due from 
QCL Midco Limited 

Investment in the equity of QCL 
Topco Limited 

The  loan  notes  constitute  an  investment  in  debt  not  held  for  trade 
purposes  and  has  been  recognised  and  measured  under  the 
amortised cost method with  interest income  accrued  aggregated to 
the investment balance 
Other  equity  investment  represents  the  Company’s  interest  in  the 
equity of QCL Topco Limited, which is measured at the transaction 
cost on disposal during the year ended 30 November 2021. Having 
considered  the  prospects  of  the  business,  its  financial  results  and 
position, further fundraises and the corresponding impact of dilution, 
no  material  change  in  the  fair  value  of  the  investment  has  been 
identified. 

100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
______________________________________________________________________________________ 

12.        Investments (continued) 

Subsidiary Undertakings 

Address & Country of 
Incorporation 

Class of 
Share 

Brdy AS   

Rosenholmveien 25, 1414 
Trollåsen, Norway 

Ordinary  Bigblu Broadband 

plc 

Brdy Nordics AS  

Rosenholmveien 25, 1414 
Trollåsen, Norway 

Ordinary  Bigblu Broadband 

plc 

SkyMesh Pty Ltd  

51 Alfred Street, Fortitude Valley 
QLD 4006, Australia 

Ordinary  Bigblu Broadband 

plc 

BorderNET 
Internet Pty Ltd  

51 Alfred Street, Fortitude Valley 
QLD 4006, Australia 

Ordinary  SkyMesh Pty Ltd  

Brdy Broadband 
Limited 

Tompkins Wake, Level 11, 41 
Shortland Street, Auckland, 
1140, New Zealand 

Ordinary  SkyMesh Pty Ltd 

13.  Discontinued operations  

Parent Company 

No of Shares  % held 

by 
parent 
100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

1,700,412 of 
1.40 Nok 
each  
30,000 of 
1Nok each  

20,898,680 of 
£0.196 each  

2,863,105 of 
£0.09 each  

100 of NZ$1 
each 

Following a full market exercise undertaken by independent advisors the Board announced a Management 
Buy  Out  (MBO)  of  the  Norwegian  business,  Brdy  AS  and  Brdy  Nordics  AS,  by  local  management, 
supported  by  Andrew  Walwyn.  The  Board  believe  that  this  disposal  was  in  the  best  interests  of 
shareholders.  In  arriving  at  this  decision,  the  Board  recognised  the  challenges  being  faced  in  the 
turnaround of the Norwegian business as well as the potential need for further cash investment to grow 
the business far less support any further demounting and migration projects as the Norwegian operations 
sought  to  continue  its  transition  to  an  asset  light  business.  In  addition,  the  disposal  of  the  Norwegian 
business allows the Board to reduce annual central costs by c.£0.4m (including the costs associated with 
Andrew’s position as CEO).  

The Board considers that the sale process commenced prior to 30 November 2023 and at the balance 
sheet  date,  it  was  considered  highly  probable  it  would  complete  within  12  months  of  this  date. 
Consequently,  Brdy  AS  and  Brdy  Nordics  AS  are  classified  as  a  disposal  group  and  discontinued 
operations for the year ended 30 November 2023. 

The Disposal Group  

Group financial information for 2023 is set out below for the disposal group. 2022 comparative information 
in the Financial Statements has been adjusted to reflect the revised split of activities between continuing 
and discontinued operations. 

101 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________ 

13.  Discontinued operations (continued)  

Financial performance and cash flow information 

Revenue 
Expenses 

Loss before tax 
Taxation on operations 
Loss after tax of discontinued operations 
Loss on sale of the subsidiary after tax (see below) 
Loss from discontinued operations 

Net cash inflow from operating activities 
Net cash outflow from investing activities  
Net cash outflow from financing activities 
Net cash outflow from discontinued operations 

Details of sale of subsidiary 
Expenses of sale 
Loss on sale after tax 

                     Group 
2023 
£’000 
4,157 
(7,420) 

2022 
£’000 
4,028 
(6,264) 

(3,263) 
- 
(3,263) 
- 
(3,263) 

830 
(424) 
(408) 
(2) 

- 
- 

(2,236) 
(703) 
(2,939) 
(120) 
(3,059) 

1,668 
(1,058) 
(557) 
(53) 

(120) 
(120) 

In 2022 additional expenses of sale in respect of the disposal of Quickline in 2021 were incurred.  

As at 30 November 2023 the operations of Brdy AS and Brdy Nordics AS were classified as held for sale 
and  therefore  no  details of their sale are included here since no sale was concluded  as at the  date of 
signature of these accounts. The carrying value of Goodwill was impaired by £2.1m in the year, with a 
remaining carrying value as at 30 November 2023 of £nil. There was also an impairment of Fixed Assets 
for £0.3m in the year. 

Assets and liabilities of disposal group held for sale 

Assets classified as held for sale 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Inventory 
Cash 
Trade receivables  
Other receivables 
Total assets of disposal group held for sale 
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for 
sale 
Trade payables 
Lease liabilities 
Other payables 
Total liabilities of disposal group held for sale 

2023 
£’000 

1,034 
85 
615 
505 
67 
210 
2,516 

(1,066) 
(573) 
(710) 
(2,349) 

2022 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

The cumulative foreign exchange losses recognised in other comprehensive income in relation to the 
discontinued operation as at 30 November 2023 were £0.7m (FY22: £0.5m). 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                      
 
 
 
 
                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
___________________________________________________________________________________________ 

14.  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and bank accounts 
Cash in escrow – restricted cash 

Group 

Company 

2023 
£’000 
2,782 
850 

3,632 

2022 
£’000 
4,195 
- 

4,195 

2023 
£’000 
354 
- 

354 

2022 
£’000 
768 
- 

768 

Escrow cash was held by a third party  as at 30 November 2023 on behalf of the 
Group for a completed sales transaction relating to the sale of IP address. These 
funds were remitted on 1 December 2023 as cleared funds. 

15. 

Inventory 

Finished goods 

                     Group 
2023 
£’000 

111 

2022 
£’000 

1,142 

There is no material difference between the amounts stated above and replacement cost. 

Write down of inventories to net realisable value amounted to £29k (2022: £43k) all related to discontinued 
operations. £11k (FY22: £18k) was recognised as an expense during the year, included in expenses of 
the disposal group. There were no such write downs in the parent company. 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ 

16.  Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Prepayments and accrued 
income 
Amounts due from group 
undertakings 

            Group 
2023 
£’000 

1,432 
830 
568 

- 

2022 
£’000 

773 
506 
1,056 

      Company 
2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

112 
- 
230 

- 

1,796 

52 
- 
80 

822 

2,830 

2,335 

2,138            

954             

Movement in provision for impairment of receivables 

Individually impaired 
As at 1 December 2022 
Charged to Income statement – continuing business 
Charged to Income statement – discontinued operations 
Utilised 
As at 30 November 2023 

2023 
£’000 
124 
483 
66 
(508) 
165 

2022 
£’000 
28 
238 
- 
(142) 
124 

The average credit days taken on sales of goods and services is 14 days (2022: 9 days). No interest is 
charged on receivables. Trade receivables are provided based on estimated irrecoverable amounts from 
the  sale  of  goods  and  services,  determined  by  reference  to  past  default  experience  and  likelihood  of 
recovery as assessed by the directors. 

Included in the Group’s trade receivable balance are  balances with a carrying amount of £452k (2022: 
£378k) which are past due at the reporting date. The directors consider that the amount of trade receivable 
carried are approximate to their fair value. 

As at 30 November 2023 
Gross trade receivables 
Loss provision 
Expected loss rate 

As at 30 November 2022 
Gross trade receivables 
Loss provision 
Expected loss rate 

Current 
£’000 

0-3 
 months due 
£’000 

3-6 
months 
due £’000 

Over 6 
months due 
£’000 

757 
0 
0% 

495 
0 
0% 

538 
14 

3% 

183 
15 

8% 

227 
113 
50% 

170 
85 
50% 

75 
38 
50% 

49 
24 
50% 

Total 
 £’000 

1,597 
165 

897 
124 

The  Group  applies  the  IFRS  9  simplified  approach  to  measuring  expected  credit  losses  which  uses  a 
lifetime  expected  loss  allowance  for  all  trade  receivables. To  measure  the  expected  credit  losses,  trade 
receivables have  been grouped based  on shared credit risk  characteristics and  the  days past due. The 
expected  loss  rates  are  based  on  the  payment  profiles  of  sales  over  a  period  of  12  months  before  30 
November  2023  or  1  December  2023  respectively  and  the  corresponding  historical  credit  losses 
experienced within this period. The historical loss rates are adjusted to reflect current and forward-looking 
information on macroeconomic factors affecting the ability of the customers to settle the receivables. 

104 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
____________________________________________________________________________________________ 

17.  Trade and other payables 

Current 

Trade payables 
Other taxes and social security 
Other payables 
Accruals and deferred income 
Lease liabilities 

Group 
       2023 
      £’000 

Group 
          2022 
          £’000 

Company 
2023 
       £’000          

Company 
2022 
£’000 

5,790 
564 
233 
1,013 
143 
7,743 

4,223 
924 
534 
2,363 
795 
8,839 

127        
259 
- 
541 
13 
940 

124        
370 
- 
918 
29 
1,441 

Trade payables principally  comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases and ongoing costs. The 
average creditors days taken for trade  purchases is 70 days (2022: 77 days). The Group has financial 
risk management policies in place to ensure that all payables are paid within the credit time frame. The 
directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates to their fair value. 

The  Group  recognises  provisions  in  the  relevant  year’s  balance  sheet  based  on  estimates  relating  to 
certain outcomes. Discussions around specific claims and warranties from previous disposal transactions 
are still ongoing. As in 2022, the provisions as at 30 November 2023 are uncertain, however are expected 
to be utilised within the next 12 months following the end of the financial year, to cover any such costs. 

The breakdown of the provisions carrying value is as follows: 

Other provisions 
Total provisions   

Movements in the provision during the year were as follows: 

Carrying amount at start of year 
Utilised during the year 
Total provisions  

Group 
and Company 
       2023 
      £’000 
685 
685 

Group 
and Company 
   2022 
£’000 
685 
685 

Group 
and Company 
       2023 
      £’000 
685 
- 
685 

Group 
and Company 
   2022 
£’000 
685 
- 
685 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

18.  Loans 

Bank loan received during the year 
Balance at year end 

Group 
and Company 
       2023 
      £’000 
2,100 
2,100 

Group 
and Company 
   2022 
£’000 
- 
- 

During 2022 the unsecured Revolving Credit Facility (RCF) was increased from £5m to £10m. As at 30 
November  2023  the  company  drawdown  £2.1m  against  the  RCF,  which  was  fully  undrawn  as  at  30 
November 2022. The revolving credit facility is subject to a fixed charge over the company’s assets, as 
registered at Companies House.   

Interest payable on the Revolving Credit Facility is 3.40% (FY22: 3.40%) + SONIA (Sterling Overnight 
Index Average) (FY22: SONIA). Interest paid in the year amounts to £0.23m (FY22: £0.04m). 

The facility with Santnader runs until October 2025. 

19. 

 Non-current liabilities 

Group 
2023 
£’000 

Group 
2022 
£’000 

Company 
2023 
£’000      

Company 
2022 
£’000 

Lease liabilities  
Total 

- 
- 

559 
559 

- 
- 

13 
13 

Leases attract interest at a rate of between 3.25% and 6%.   

Maturity of lease liabilities 

Due 1 – 2 years 
Due 2 – 5 years 

Total 

Group 
2023 
£’000 
- 
- 

Group 
2022 
£’000 
377 
182 

- 

559 

106 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_ 
20. 

Deferred Taxation 

2023 

£’000 

2022 
£’000 

At 1 December 
Deferred tax arising on acquisition 
Exchange differences 
Charged/(Credited) to the Statement of Comprehensive Income 

At 30 November 

Deferred tax is provided as follows: 

Accelerated capital allowances 
Arising on business combinations  
Pensions and accruals 
Tax losses 

Geographical split of deferred tax asset/(liability): 
Rest of the World deferred tax asset 
Rest of the World deferred tax liability  

343 
- 
2 
(529) 

(184) 

- 
(615) 
291 
508 

184 

800 
(616) 

184 

(696) 
562 
- 
477 

343 

225 
(568) 
- 
- 

(343) 

303 
(646) 

(343) 

21. 

Share Capital 

At 30 November 2022 
Shares issued in the year 
Shares issued at 15p each 

No. of 
Shares 
No. 
58,422,072 

Share 
Capital 
£ 
8,763,309 

Share 
Premium 
£ 
8,589,117 

129,415 

19,412 

19,147 

At 30 November 2023 

58,551,487 

8,782,721 

8,608,264 

All shares issued during the year were as a result of share option exercises generating a total value of 
£39k. Split as follows: 

In December 2022 Andrew Walwyn purchased 26,549, and Paul Howard purchased 66,666 shares for a 
consideration of £33,135, relating to Share Capital £13,988 and Share premium £19,147 

In June 2023 a previous employee purchased 36,160 shares, for a consideration of £5,424 relating to 
Share Capital. 

All issued share capital is fully paid up. All ordinary shares have a par value of £0.15. 

107 

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

22.  Other Capital Reserves – Group 

Listing cost reserve 

The listing cost reserve arose from expenses incurred on AIM listing. 

Foreign exchange translation reserve  

The  foreign  exchange  translation  reserve  is  used  to  record  exchange  difference  arising  from  the 
translation of the final statements of foreign operations. 

Share option reserve 

The share option reserve is used for the issue of share options during the year and charges relating to 
previously issued options. 

Reverse acquisition reserve 

The reverse acquisition reserve relates to the reverse acquisition of Bigblu Operations Limited (Formerly 
Satellite Solutions Worldwide Limited) by Bigblu plc (Formerly Satellite Solutions Worldwide Group plc) 
on 12 May 2015. 

Share premium  

Share premium represents the excess consideration over nominal value net of issue costs and amounts 
to £8.6m (2022: £8.6m).  

Capital redemption reserve 

The capital redemption reserve relates to the cash redemption of the bonus B shares issued in order to 
return c.£26m to ordinary shareholders. 

23.  Lease Arrangements 

The Group as Lessee 

Depreciation of ROU assets 
Land & buildings 
Fixtures, fittings & infrastructure 

Interest expense (included in finance cost) 

Continuing operations 

2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

142 
117 
259 

20 

163 
122 
285 

20 

The total cash outflow for leases in the continuing operations was £222k (2022: £208k). 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

24.  Related Party Transactions 

Management charges from Parent to the other Group companies 

During the year the Company made management charges on an  arm’s length basis to its subsidiaries 
amounting to £1.6m (FY22: £2.2m) receivable, which eliminates on consolidation. 

As  part  of  the  reductions  in  the  headcount  within  the  plc  during  the  course  of  the  year,  the  Company 
entered into certain service contracts with Bigblu Operations Limited (“BBO”), a company of which Andrew 
Walwyn is a director (the “BBO Contracts”). At the Balance Sheet date there was a receivable of £0.1m 
(FY22: £nil) associated with the BBO Contracts. The BBO Contracts are summarised below: 

Licence Agreement 

The Company has agreed to grant a licence over certain trademarks to BBO in relation to the Brdy brand. 
In consideration for the rights granted by the Company to BBO, BBO has agreed to pay the Company a 
notional annual license fee for each period of usage for £12k (FY22: £nil). 

Service Agreement – Company to BBO 

The Company has entered into a service agreement with BBO. The services provided by the Company 
to BBO include legal and corporate finance support, IT, marketing, and certain Executive support services 
(the “Services”). Costs and expenses are charged on a time and material basis based on the time spend 
by individuals performing the Services. This equated to £118k in the last financial year (FY22: £nil). 

Service Agreement – BBO to Company 

In addition, the Company has entered into a further service agreement with BBO. The services provided 
by BBO to the Company primarily include finance, IT and tech support (the “BBO Services”). Costs and 
expenses are charged on a time and material basis for the time spend by individuals performing the BBO 
Services. This equated to £73k in the last financial year (FY22: £nil). 

Products 

In the normal course of events the Company has entered into reseller agreements with BBO for certain 
broadband products sold by the Company (the “Products”). This equated to £10k in the last financial year 
(FY22: £nil). 

Post the disposal of the Norwegian operations we anticipate these services to reduce alongside further 
plc rationalisations. 

Remuneration of key management personnel 

The remuneration of the directors, and the key management personnel of the continued Group, is set out 
below in aggregate for each of the categories specified in IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures.  

Short-term employment benefits 
Pension costs 
Share based payments  

109 

2023 
£’000 

781 
22 
- 
803 

2022 
£’000 

986 
20 
309 
1,315 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
____________________________________________________________________________________________ 

25.  Share-Based Payments 

Employee Share Options 

The Group has in place share option schemes for employees of the Group. Options are exercisable 
at  the  price  agreed  at  the  time  of  the  issue  of  the  share  option.  The  performance  conditions  vary 
between employees. If the options remain unexercised after a period of 5 years from date of grant (10 
years for Executives) the options expire. Options are forfeited if the employee leaves the Group before 
the options vest unless agreed by the Board. Details of the share options outstanding during the year 
are as follows: 

2023 

2022 

Number of 
Share Options 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise price 

Number of 
Share 
Options 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
price 

  Outstanding at beginning 

of year 

  Exercised during the year 
  Cancelled during the year 
  Outstanding at end of year 

685,050 
(129,415) 
(36,831) 
518,804 

  Exercisable at end of year 

518,804 

35.74p 
24.66p 
32.24p 
38.54p 

38.54p 

1,567,659 
(95,922) 
(786,687) 
685,050 

24.06p 
15.00p 
15.00p 
35.74p 

685,050 

35.74p 

The options outstanding at 30 November 2023 had a weighted average exercise price of 38.54p (2022: 
35.74p), and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 4.0 years (2022: 4.7 years). 
No new options were granted during the year (2022: Nil). 

Long Term Incentive Plan 

During 2018 an executive long-term incentive plan (LTIP) was put in place following consultation with a 
number of shareholders with performance criteria based on 2 key metrics: 50% based on how the BBB 
share price performs and 50% based on how BBB performs against a basket of similar companies. It was 
agreed that awards would be considered annually by the Remuneration committee and post the Disposal 
all such schemes including Management Incentive Plans would be reviewed for appropriateness. 

Awards are granted annually as part of a formal, annual, grant policy: 
•  within six weeks following the announcement of results; or 
•  when exceptional circumstances exist (e.g. the normal grant is delayed for some reason or an out of 

policy award needs to be granted). 

The maximum term of options granted under the LTIP is 10 years from grant date. Expiry dates range 
from May 2028 to October 2029. At 30 November 2023 there were a total of 295,531 options outstanding, 
with an exercise price of 15p, of which 295,531 have vested. Options are settled by issue of equity in 
exchange for cash 

Detailed Plan Rules 

The  Plan  was  issued  for  the  first  time  in  2018  and  the  remuneration  committee  of  the  Board  of  the 
Company shall have the right to decide, in its sole discretion, whether or not further awards will be granted 
in the future and to which employees those awards will be granted. The rules were clear that grants were  

110 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 
____________________________________________________________________________________________ 

25.  Share-Based Payments (continued) 

at the discretion of the Board including TSR (Total Shareholder Return) considerations that needed to 
be taken into account before further awards could be made. 

Expected  volatility  was  determined  by  assessing  the  movements  of  the  share  price  since  the 
readmission to AIM in May 2015.  

Other Employee Options 
The  maximum  term  of  options  granted  under  other  schemes  is  10  years  from  date  of  grant,  with  the 
average term remaining 3 years. This term applies to all of the 223,273 options vested as at 30 November 
2023 with anticipated lapse dates ranging between March 2026 and March 2027. Options are settled by 
issue of equity in return for cash. 

The  Group  recognised  total  expenses  of  Nil  (2022:  £309k),  related  to  equity-settled  share-based 
payment transactions as follows: 

Share option charge (all related to LTIP) 
Total share option expense 

Non-Employee Options 

2023 
£’000 

- 
- 

2022 
£’000 

309 
309 

As at 30 November 2023, BGF own c.4.5m shares in BBB, as well as options over 4.9m shares at an 
exercise price of 68.5p, expiring in May 2024. In addition, during the year ended 30 November 2020, BBB 
granted BGF an additional 1.8m options at an exercise price of 90p expiring May 2024. 

26. 

Financial Risk Management 

Background 
In common with all other businesses, the Group is exposed to risks that arise from its use of financial 
instruments. This note describes the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for managing those risks 
and  the  methods  used  to  measure  them.  Further  quantitative  information  in  respect  of  these  risks  is 
presented throughout the financial statements. The “financial instruments” which are affected by these 
risks comprise borrowings, cash and liquid resources used to provide finance for the Group’s operations, 
together with various items such as trade debtors and trade creditors that arise directly from its operations, 
inter-company payables and receivables, and any derivatives transactions (such as interest rate swaps 
and forward foreign currency contracts) used to manage the risks from interest rate and currency rate 
volatility.  

General objectives, policies and processes  
The Board has overall responsibility for the determination of the Group’s risk management objectives and 
policies and, whilst retaining ultimate responsibility for them, it has delegated the authority for designing 
and operating  processes that ensure the effective implementation of the objectives and policies to the 
Group’s finance function. The Board receives monthly reports through which it reviews the effectiveness 
of the processes put in place and the appropriateness of the objectives and policies it sets. The overall 
objective of the Board is to set policies that seek to reduce risk as far as possible without unduly affecting 
the Group’s competitiveness and flexibility. Further details regarding these policies are set out below: 

111 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

26. 

Financial Risk Management (continued) 

Capital risk management 

The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to meet their financial 
obligations as they arise while maximising the return to stakeholders. The capital structure of the Group 
consists of cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the parent, comprising 
issued capital, reserves and retained earnings as disclosed in Notes 20 to 21. 

Credit risk 
The  Group’s  principal  financial  assets  are  bank  balances  and  cash,  trade  and  other  receivables  and 
investments. The Group’s exposure to credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. Credit 
risk  is  managed  locally  by  the  management  of  each  business  unit.  Prior  to  accepting  new  customers, 
credit checks are obtained from reputable external sources. The amounts presented in the balance sheet 
are net of allowance for doubtful receivables (see note 16 for more details). An allowance for impairment 
is made where there is an identified loss event which, based on previous experience, is evidence of a 
reduction on the recoverability of the cash flows. The credit risk on liquid funds and derivative financial 
instruments is limited because the counterparties are banks with low credit risk assigned by international 
credit-rating agencies. The Group has no significant  concentration of credit risk, with exposure spread 
over a large number of counterparties and customers. The Group has no significant concentration of credit 
risk, other than with its own subsidiaries, the performances of which are closely monitored. The Directors 
confirm that the carrying amounts of monies owed by its subsidiaries approximate to their fair value.  

Liquidity risk 
Liquidity  risk  arises  from  the  Group’s  management  of  working  capital  and  the  finance  charges  and 
principal repayments on its debt instruments. It is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting 
its financial obligations as they fall due. The Group’s policy is to ensure that it will always have sufficient 
cash to allow  it to meet its liabilities when they become due. To achieve this  aim, the cash  position is 
continuously monitored to ensure that cash balances (or agreed facilities) meet expected requirements 
for a period of at least 90 days. The Board monitors annual cash budgets and updated forecasts against 
actual cash position  

on a monthly basis. At the balance sheet date, these projections indicated that the Group  expected to 
have sufficient liquid resources to meet its obligations under all reasonably expected circumstances. The 
maturity of financial liabilities is detailed in Note 17.  

Market risk 
Market risk arises from the Group’s use of interest bearing and foreign currency financial instruments. It 
is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes 
in interest rates (interest rate risk) or foreign exchange rates (currency risk). 

Interest rate risk 
The Group finances its operations through a mixture of retained profits, equity capital and bank facilities, 
including hire purchase and lease finance. The Group borrows in the desired currency at floating or fixed 
rates of interest and may then use interest rate swaps to secure the desired interest profile and manage 
exposure to interest rate fluctuations.  

Borrowings contractual maturities and effective interest rate analysis  
In respect of interest bearing financial liabilities, the table in note 18 indicates the undiscounted amounts 
due for the remaining contractual maturity (including interest payments based on the outstanding liability 
at the year end) and their effective interest rates. The ageing of these amounts is based on the earliest 
dates on which the Group can be required to pay. The Santander Facility is reported quarterly to the bank 
in the form  

112 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

26. 

Financial Risk Management (continued) 

of convenant compliance reporting, which monitors actuals performance by a number of specific monetary 
measurements.  

Non-interest bearing liabilities 

Details of trade and other payables falling due within one year are set out in Note 18. 

Currency risk 

The main currency exposure of the Group arises from the ownership of  its subsidiaries  in Europe and 
Australia.  It  is  the  Board’s  policy  not  to  hedge  against  movements  in  the  Sterling/Australian  Dollar, 
Sterling/Norwegian Kroner and Sterling/Euro exchange rate.  

Other currency exposure derives from trading operations where goods and services are exported or raw 
materials and capital equipment are imported. These exposures may be managed by forward currency 
contracts,  particularly  when  the  amounts  or  periods  to  maturities  are  significant  and  at  times  when 
currencies are particularly volatile. 

     Trading 

It  is,  and  has  been  throughout  the  period  under  review,  the  Group’s  policy  that  no  trading  in  financial 
instruments shall be undertaken. 

27.   Financial instruments 

The Group has the following financial instruments: 

Financial assets 
Cash & cash equivalents 
Trade receivables 
Amounts owed by group undertakings 
Other receivables 

Total 

Financial liabilities 
Trade payables 
Other creditors 
Loans 

Total 

Group 
2023 
£’000 

3,632 
1,432 
- 
830 

5,894 

5,790 
233 
2,100 

8,123 

Group 
2022 
£’000 

4,195 
773 
- 
506 

5,474 

4,223 
540 
- 

4,763 

Company  Company 
2022 
£’000 

2023 
£’000 

354 
112 
2,051 
- 

768 
52 
822 
34 

2,517 

1,676 

127 
- 
- 

127 

124 
- 
- 

124 

The carrying value of financial instruments is a reasonable approximation of fair value due to the short-
term maturities of these instruments. In additon, there was is a loan note instrument with QCL held at a 
fair value of £3.8m. 

113 

 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

28.   Contract balances 

The consolidated statement of financial position includes the following amounts relating to contracts with 
customers all related to the continuing operations. 

Deferred income – included in Accruals and deferred income  
Total contract liabilities 

2023 
£’000 

(342) 
(342) 

2022 
£’000 

(787) 
(787) 

Revenue recognised during 2023 that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the 
year amounted to £0.8m (2022: £0.8m). There was no revenue recognised in the year from performance 
obligations satisfied in previous periods. The satisfaction of the group’s performance obligations typically 
occurs before invoicing and payment for activation fees and other charges for services that are satisfied at 
a point in time, giving rise to accrued income. For airtime charges, which are satisfied over a period of time, 
payment will typically occur during the period being invoiced, which is usually done at the start of a calendar 
month or a quarter, giving rise to deferred income. 

29.   Post Balance Sheet Events  

Starlink 
The Company signed a distribution contract with Starlink in December 2023 to provide high-speed internet 
to businesses, as well as small office / home office workers. This alongside the One Web contract allows 
BBB  to  offer  customers  an  extended  suite  of  products  covering  all  their  needs.  To  accommodate  the 
investment  of  c£2.5m  for  Starlink  post  year  end  we  have  drawn  down  further  on  the  Revolving  Credit 
Facility. 

Quickline  
Have been awarded 2 contracts under the government’s £5bn Project Gigabit programme. The deal will 
subsidise the rollout of a full fibre network to more than 43,000 hard-to-reach rural homes and businesses 
across the West Yorkshire and York area, including communities in North and East Yorkshire, which have 
been  left  behind  by  commercial  rollouts.  The  contracts  have  been  secured  by  Quickline  following 
competitive public procurement processes and totals £104m of government subsidy. Quickline will make 
further private investment alongside Project Gigabit to roll out its full fibre network to an additional 99,000 
premises. 

Australia 
We are very pleased to announce the appointment of a CFO in Australia, Ray Vaughan. Ray previously 
worked with the business between 2016 and 2019 and spent the last 5 years as CFO of Ion Group in 
Sydney. 

Norway Operations 

On the 17 May 2023 the Company completed the disposal of the Norwegian Operations comprising Brdy 
AS and Brdy Nordics AS (the “Brdy Group”) to Brdy Holding AS (under construction), a company owned 
by the Norwegian Management Team and Andrew Walwyn (the “Buyer”). 

Headquartered  in  Oslo,  Norway  and  established  over  15  years  ago,  Brdy  Group  provides  a  range  of 
Broadband  services  to  both  consumers  and  businesses  across  the  Nordic  region.  The  announced 
Enterprise Value of the business units being sold as at 17 May 2024 is £1.3m and the company will write 
off intercompany balances as a consequence of the Buyer assuming certain existing net working capital 
creditors and contingent liabilities within the Brdy Group amounting to approximately £1.3 million. As a 
result, the Equity value of the  

114 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bigblu Broadband plc 
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 
For the year ended 30 November 2023 

29.   Post Balance Sheet Events continued 

business units being disposed is £1, being the Initial Consideration. In addition, BBB will be entitled to a 
Contingent Consideration as follows: If the Brdy Group,  

• 

• 

in  the  period  between  17th  May  2024  and  16th  May  2025,  achieves  an  Adjusted  EBITDA  of  five 
hundred thousand pounds (£500,000) or more, BBB will receive twenty (20) percent of the Adjusted 
EBITDA for that period, within six months of the period.  

In  the  period  between  17th  May  2025  and  16th  May  2026,  achieves  an  Adjusted  EBITDA  of  one 
million pounds (£1,000,000) or more, BBB will receive twenty (20) percent of the Adjusted EBITDA 
for that period, within six months of the period.  

A Deferred Consideration is also payable of up to NOK 2.3m (c£0.2m) on the return, or release of the 
deposit held with networks, or a Trigger Event. 

In addition, and on the occurrence of a Trigger Event, including a listing an, an additional Consideration 
shall be payable of 20% of the proceeds less costs. 

30.   Ultimate Controlling Party Note 

No one shareholder has ultimate control over the business. 

115