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Blue Dolphin Energy Company

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FY2017 Annual Report · Blue Dolphin Energy Company
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SECURITIES & EXCHANGE COMMISSION EDGAR FILING

BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY CO

Form: 10-K 

Date Filed: 2018-04-02

Corporate Issuer CIK:   793306

© Copyright 2018, Issuer Direct Corporation. All Right Reserved. Distribution of this document is strictly prohibited, subject to the terms of use.

BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

 FORM 10-K 12/31/17

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
☑

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

☐

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended  December 31, 2017
 or

For the transition period from              to           

Commission File No.  0-15905

BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

73-1268729
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

801 Travis Street, Suite 2100, Houston, Texas
(Address of principal executive offices)

77002
(Zip Code)

713-568-4725
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☑

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes  ☐ No ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for
the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be
submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K.  ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging
growth company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of
the Act.

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer

☐
☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

☐
☑
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

The aggregate market value of shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $3,800,118 based on the number of shares of common stock
held by non-affiliates and the last reported sale price of the registrant's common stock on June 30, 2017.

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding at April 2, 2018: 10,925,513

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EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

INTRODUCTION

 FORM 10-K 12/31/17

This Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 (this “Annual Report”) is a document that U.S. public companies file with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (“SEC”) every year. Part I of the Annual Report provides a general overview of our business, including relevant risk factors.  Part II of the
Annual Report contains financial information and management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations. We hope investors
will find it useful to have all this information in a single document.

In this Annual Report, “Blue Dolphin,” “we,” “our,” and “us” are used interchangeably to refer to Blue Dolphin Energy Company individually or to Blue Dolphin
Energy Company and its subsidiaries collectively, as appropriate to the context. Information in this Annual Report is current as of the filing date, unless otherwise
specified.

CAUTION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In  this  Annual  Report,  and  from  time  to  time  throughout  the  year,  we  share  our  expectations  for  our  future  performance.  These  forward-looking  statements
include  statements  about  our  business  plans;  our  expected  financial  performance,  including  the  anticipated  effect  of  strategic  actions;  previously  reported
material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting; economic, political and market conditions; and other factors that could affect our future results of
operations or financial condition, including, without limitation, statements under the sections entitled “Part I, Item 1. Business,” “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors,”
“Part  I,  Item  3.  Legal  Proceedings,”  and  “Part  II,  Item  7.  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”.  Any
statements we make that are not matters of current reportage or historical fact should be considered forward-looking. Such statements often include words such
as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “will,” and similar expressions. By their nature, these types of statements are uncertain and are not
guarantees  of  our  future  performance.  Our  forward-looking  statements  represent  our  estimates  and  expectations  at  the  time  of  disclosure.  However,
circumstances change constantly, often unpredictably, and investors should not place undue reliance on these statements. Many events beyond our control will
determine whether our expectations will be realized. We disclaim any current intention or obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, or the
factors  that  may  affect  their  realization,  whether  considering  new  information,  future  events  or  otherwise,  and  investors  should  not  rely  on  us  to  do  so.  In
accordance with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Annual Report explains
some of the important factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from those that we anticipate.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

GLOSSARY OF SELECTED ENERGY AND FINANCIAL TERMS

Below  are  abbreviations  and  definitions  of  certain  commonly  used  oil  and  gas  industry  terms,  as  well  as  key  financial  performance  measures  used  by
management, that are used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 (this “Annual Report”).

Regarding  financial  terms,  management  uses  GAAP  and  certain  non-GAAP  performance  measures  to  assess  our  results  of  operations.  Certain  performance
measures  used  by  management  to  assess  our  operating  results  and  the  effectiveness  of  our  business  segment  are  considered  non-GAAP  performance
measures.  These  performance  measures  may  differ  from  similar  calculations  used  by  other  companies  within  the  petroleum  industry,  thereby  limiting  their
usefulness as a comparative measure.  We refer to certain refinery throughput and production data in the explanation of our period over period
changes in results of operations.  For our consolidated results, we refer to our consolidated statements of operations in the explanation of our period over period
changes in results of operations.

Energy Terms

Atmospheric  gas  oil  (“AGO”).  The  heaviest  product  boiled  by  a  crude  oil  distillation  unit  operating  at  atmospheric  pressure.  This  fraction  ordinarily  sells  as
distillate fuel oil, either in pure form or blended with cracked stocks. Blended AGO usually serves as the premium quality component used to lift lesser streams
to the standards of saleable furnace oil or diesel engine fuel. Certain ethylene plants, called heavy oil crackers, can take AGO as feedstock.

Barrel (“bbl”). One stock tank bbl, or 42 U.S. gallons of liquid volume, used about oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.

Blending.  The  physical  mixture  of  several  different  liquid  hydrocarbons  to  produce  a  finished  product  with  certain  desired  characteristics.  Products  can  be
blended in-line through a manifold system, or batch blended in tanks and vessels. In-line blending of gasoline, distillates, jet fuel and kerosene is accomplished
by injecting proportionate amounts of each component into the main stream where turbulence promotes thorough mixing. Additives, including octane enhancers,
metal  deactivators,  anti-oxidants,  anti-knock  agents,  gum  and  rust  inhibitors,  and  detergents,  are  added  during  and/or  after  blending  to  result  in  specifically
desired properties not inherent in hydrocarbons.

Barrels per Day (“bpd”).  A measure of the bbls of daily output produced in a refinery or transported through a pipeline.

Complexity.  A numerical score that denotes, for a given refinery, the extent, capability, and capital intensity of the refining processes downstream of the crude
oil distillation unit.  The higher a refinery’s complexity, the greater the refinery’s capital investment and number of operating units used to separate feedstock into
fractions, improve their quality, and increase the production of higher-valued products. Refinery complexities range from the relatively simple crude oil distillation
unit (“topping unit”), which has a complexity of 1.0, to the more complex deep conversion (“coking”) refineries, which have a complexity of 12.0.

Condensate. Liquid hydrocarbons that are produced in conjunction with natural gas.  Although condensate is sometimes like crude oil, it is usually lighter.

Crude oil. A mixture of thousands of chemicals and compounds, primarily hydrocarbons. Crude oil quality is measured in terms of density (light to heavy) and
sulfur content (sweet to sour). Crude oil must be broken down into its various components by distillation before these chemicals and compounds can be used as
fuels or converted to more valuable products.

Depropanizer unit. A distillation column that is used to isolate propane from a mixture containing butane and other heavy components.
Distillates.    The  result  of  crude  distillation  and  therefore  any  refined  oil  product.    Distillate  is  more  commonly  used  as  an  abbreviated  form  of  middle
distillate.  There are mainly four (4) types of distillates: (i) very light oils or light distillates (such as naphtha), (ii) light oils or middle distillates (such as our jet fuel),
(iii) medium oils, and (iv) heavy oils (such as our low-sulfur diesel and heavy oil-based mud blendstock (“HOBM”), reduced crude, and AGO).

Distillation. The first step in the refining process whereby crude oil and condensate is heated at atmospheric pressure in the base of a distillation tower. As the
temperature increases, the various compounds vaporize in succession at their various boiling points and then rise to prescribed levels within the tower per their
densities,  from  lightest  to  heaviest.  They  then  condense  in  distillation  trays  and  are  drawn  off  individually  for  further  refining.  Distillation  is  also  used  at  other
points in the refining process to remove impurities. Lighter products produced in this process can be further refined in a catalytic cracking unit or reforming unit.
Heavier products, which cannot be vaporized and separated in this process, can be further distilled in a vacuum distillation unit or coker.

Distillation tower. A tall column-like vessel in which crude oil and condensate is heated and its vaporized components distilled by means of distillation trays.

Feedstocks.  Crude  oil  and  other  hydrocarbons,  such  as  condensate  and/or  intermediate  products,  that  are  used  as  basic  input  materials  in  a  refining
process.  Feedstocks are transformed into one or more finished products.

Finished petroleum products.  Materials or products which have received the final increments of value through processing operations, and which are being
held in inventory for delivery, sale, or use.

Intermediate  petroleum  products.    A  petroleum  product  that  might  require  further  processing  before  it  is  saleable  to  the  ultimate  consumer.    This  further
processing might be done by the producer or by another processor.  Thus, an intermediate petroleum product might be a final product for one company and an
input for another company that will process it further.

Jet  fuel.  A  high-quality  kerosene  product  primarily  used  in  aviation.    Kerosene-type  jet  fuel  (including  Jet  A  and  Jet  A-1)  has  a  carbon  number  distribution
between about 8 and 16 carbon atoms per molecule; wide-cut or naphtha-type jet fuel (including Jet B) has between about 5 and 15 carbon atoms per molecule.

Kerosene. A middle distillate fraction of crude oil that is produced at higher temperatures than naphtha and lower temperatures than gas oil.

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3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Leasehold interest. The interest of a lessee under an oil and gas lease.

Light crude. A liquid petroleum that has a low density and flows freely at room temperature.  It has a low viscosity, low specific gravity, and a high American
Petroleum Institute gravity due to the presence of a high proportion of light hydrocarbon fractions.

MMcf. One million cubic feet; a measurement of gas volume only.

Naphtha. A refined or partly refined light distillate fraction of crude oil. Blended further or mixed with other materials it can make high-grade motor gasoline or jet
fuel. It is also a generic term applied to the lightest and most volatile petroleum fractions.

Petroleum.  A  naturally  occurring  flammable  liquid  consisting  of  a  complex  mixture  of  hydrocarbons  of  various  molecular  weights  and  other  liquid  organic
compounds. The name petroleum covers both the naturally occurring unprocessed crude oils and petroleum products that are made up of refined crude oil.

Product Slate.  Represents type and quality of products produced.

Propane.  A  by-product  of  natural  gas  processing  and  petroleum  refining.  Propane  is  one  of  a  group  of  liquified  petroleum  gases.  Others  include  butane,
propylene, butadiene, butylene, isobutylene and mixtures thereof.

Refined  petroleum  products.  Refined  petroleum  products  are  derived  from  crude  oil  and  condensate  that  have  been  processed  through  various  refining
methods. The resulting products include gasoline, home heating oil, jet fuel, diesel, lubricants and the raw materials for fertilizer, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.

Refinery. Within the oil and gas industry, a refinery is an industrial processing plant where crude oil and condensate is separated and transformed into petroleum
products.

Sour crude. Crude oil containing sulfur content of more than 0.5%.

Stabilizer unit. A distillation column intended to remove the lighter boiling compounds, such as butane or propane, from a product.

Sweet crude. Crude oil containing sulfur content of less than 0.5%.

Sulfur.  Present  at  various  levels  of  concentration  in  many  hydrocarbon  deposits,  such  as  petroleum,  coal,  or  natural  gas.  Also,  produced  as  a  by-product  of
removing  sulfur-containing  contaminants  from  natural  gas  and  petroleum.  Some  of  the  most  commonly  used  hydrocarbon  deposits  are  categorized  per  their
sulfur content, with lower sulfur fuels usually selling at a higher, premium price and higher sulfur fuels selling at a lower, or discounted, price.

Topping  unit.  A  type  of  petroleum  refinery  that  engages  in  only  the  first  step  of  the  refining  process  --  crude  distillation.    A  topping  unit  uses  atmospheric
distillation to separate crude oil and condensate into constituent petroleum products. A topping unit has a refinery complexity range of 1.0 to 2.0.

Throughput.  The volume processed through a unit or a refinery or transported through a pipeline.

Turnaround.  Scheduled  large-scale  maintenance  activity  wherein  an  entire  process  unit  is  taken  offline  for  a  week  or  more  for  comprehensive  revamp  and
renewal.

Yield.  The percentage of refined petroleum products that is produced from crude oil and other feedstocks.

Financial and Performance Measures

Arbitration  award  and  associated  fees .  Damages  and  GEL’s  attorneys’  fees  and  related  expenses  awarded  to  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC  in  arbitration
proceedings.

Capacity  Utilization  Rate .  A  percentage  measure  that  indicates  the  amount  of  available  capacity  that  is  being  used  in  a  refinery  or  transported  through  a
pipeline.    With  respect  to  the  Nixon  Facility,  the  rate  is  calculated  by  dividing  total  refinery  throughput  or  total  refinery  production  on  a  bpd  basis  by  the  total
capacity of the Nixon Facility (currently 15,000 bpd).

Cost of Refined Products Sold. Primarily includes purchased crude oil and condensate costs, as well as transportation, freight and storage costs.

Depletion, Depreciation and Amortization. Represents property and equipment, as well as intangible assets that are depreciated or amortized based on the
straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the related asset.

Downtime.  Scheduled  and/or  unscheduled  periods  in  which  the  Nixon  Facility  is  not  operating.    Downtime  may  occur  for  a  variety  of  reasons,  including  bad
weather, power failures, preventive maintenance, equipment inspection, equipment repair due to mechanical failure, voluntary regulatory compliance measures,
cessation or suspension by regulatory authorities, and inventory management.

Easement, Interest and Other Income . Reflects land easement fees received from FLNG Land II, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“FLNG”), pursuant to a Master
Easement Agreement; fees recognized monthly as earned and recorded as land easement revenue within other income.

EBITDA. Reflects earnings before: (i) interest income (expense), (ii) income taxes, and (iii) depreciation and amortization.

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-  Refinery Operations EBITDA. Reflects EBITDA for our refinery operations business segment.

-  Total EBITDA. Reflects EBITDA for our refinery operations business segment, as well as corporate and other.

General  and  Administrative  Expenses.  Primarily  include  corporate  costs,  such  as  accounting  and  legal  fees,  office  lease  expenses,  and  administrative
expenses.

Gross Profit. Calculated as total revenue less cost of refined products sold, reflected as a dollar ($) amount.

Gross Margin.  Calculated as total revenue less cost of refined products sold, reflected as a percentage (%).

Gross Margin per Bbl .  Calculated as gross profit divided by the volume, in bbls, of refined petroleum products sold during the period.

Income Tax Expense. Includes federal and state taxes, as well as deferred taxes, arising from temporary differences between income for financial reporting and
income tax purposes.

JMA  Profit  Share.  Represents  the  GEL  Profit  Share  plus  the  Performance  Fee  for  the  period  under  the  Joint  Marketing  Agreement;  an  indirect  operating
expense. If Gross Profits were positive, then the JMA Profit Share reflected an expense.  If Gross Profits were negative, then the JMA Profit Share reflected a
credit.

Net Income (Loss). Represents total revenue from operations less total cost of operations, total other expense, and income tax expense.

Operating Days. Represents the number of days in a period in which the Nixon Facility operated. Operating days is calculated by subtracting downtime in a
period from calendar days in the same period.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Other Income (Expense) .  Reflects working capital loan interest, guaranty fees earned by Jonathan Carroll, expensed interest related to long-term debt, and
non-recurring income items.

Other Operating Expenses . Represents costs associated with our pipeline assets and leasehold interests in oil and gas properties.

Refinery Operating Expenses. Direct operating expenses of the Nixon Facility, including direct costs of labor, maintenance materials and services, chemicals
and catalysts and utilities.  Includes fees paid to: (i) LEH to manage and operate the Nixon Facility pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement
and  (ii)  Ingleside  Crude,  LLC  to  lease  petroleum  storage  tanks  to  meet  periodic,  additional  storage  needs  under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Tank  Lease
Agreement.
Revenue  from  Operations.  Primarily  consists  of  refined  petroleum  product  sales,  but  also  includes  tank  rental  revenue.  Excise  and  other  taxes  that  are
collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are not included in revenue.  Other operations revenue relates to fees received from pipeline
transportation services, which ceased in 2016.

Total  Refinery  Production .  Refers  to  the  volume  processed  as  output  through  the  Nixon  Facility.  Refinery  production  includes  finished  petroleum  products,
such as jet fuel, and intermediate petroleum products, such as naphtha, HOBM and AGO.

Total Refinery Throughput. Refers to the volume processed as input through the Nixon Facility.  Refinery throughput includes crude oil and condensate and
other feedstocks.

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FORM 10-K 12/31/17

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GLOSSARY OF SELECTED ENERGY AND FINANCIAL TERMS

PART I

ITEM 1. 
ITEM 1A. 

ITEM 1B. 
ITEM 2. 

ITEM 3. 
ITEM 4. 

PART II

ITEM 5. 

ITEM 6. 

ITEM 7. 
ITEM 7A. 

ITEM 8. 
ITEM 9. 

ITEM 9A.
ITEM 9B. 

PART III

ITEM 10. 

ITEM 11. 

ITEM 12.

ITEM 13. 
ITEM 14. 

PART IV
ITEM 15. 

ITEM 16. 

SIGNATURES

BUSINESS
RISK FACTORS

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
PROPERTIES

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
MINE AND SAFETY DISCLOSURES

MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF
EQUITY SECURITIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
OTHER INFORMATION

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

FORM 10-K SUMMARY

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

ITEM 1. 

BUSINESS

Company Overview

  PART I

Blue Dolphin, a Delaware corporation formed in 1986, is an independent refiner and marketer of petroleum products.  We also conduct petroleum storage and
terminaling operations under third-party lease agreements. Our primary operating asset is a 15,000-bpd crude oil and condensate processing facility in Nixon,
Texas  (the  “Nixon  Facility”).    Blue  Dolphin  maintains  a  website  at http://www.blue-dolphin-energy.com.    Information  on  or  accessible  through  Blue  Dolphin’s
website is not incorporated by reference in or otherwise made a part of this Annual Report.

Structure and Management

Corporate Structure

Blue  Dolphin  operates  a  single  business  segment  –  Refinery  Operations.    Refinery  operations  are  conducted  at  the  Nixon  Facility  through  the  following
subsidiaries:

● Lazarus Energy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“LE”).

● Lazarus Refining & Marketing, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“LRM”).

Blue  Dolphin  owns  pipeline  assets  and  has  leasehold  interests  in  oil  and  gas  wells.    These  assets,  which  are  not  operational,  are  included  in  Corporate  and
Other.  Corporate and Other includes the following subsidiaries:

● Blue Dolphin Pipe Line Company, a Delaware corporation (“BDPL”).

● Blue Dolphin Petroleum Company, a Delaware corporation (“BDPC”).

● Blue Dolphin Services Co., a Texas corporation (“BDSC”).

See "Part I, Item 2. Properties” for additional information regarding our operating subsidiaries, facilities, and assets.

Management

Blue  Dolphin  is  controlled  by  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC  (“LEH”).  LEH  operates  and  manages  all  Blue  Dolphin  properties  pursuant  to  an  Amended  and
Restated  Operating  Agreement  (the  “Amended  and  Restated  Operating  Agreement”).    Jonathan  Carroll  is  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors  (the  “Board”),
Chief Executive Officer, and President of Blue Dolphin, as well as a majority owner of LEH. Together LEH and Jonathan Carroll own 80.2% of our common stock,
par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock). (See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (8) Related Party Transactions,
Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net and Note (19) Commitments and Contingencies – Financing Agreements” for additional disclosures related to LEH, the Amended
and Restated Operating Agreement, and Jonathan Carroll.)

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

Going Concern

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Management has determined that certain factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.  These factors include the following:

● Final  GEL  Arbitration  Award  –  As  previously  disclosed,  LE  was  involved  in  arbitration  proceedings  (the  “GEL  Arbitration”)  with  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC
(“GEL”), an affiliate of Genesis Energy, LP (“Genesis”), related to a contractual dispute involving a Crude Oil Supply and Throughput Services Agreement
(the  “Crude  Supply  Agreement”)  and  a  Joint  Marketing  Agreement  (the  “Joint  Marketing  Agreement”),  each  between  LE  and  GEL  and  dated  August  12,
2011.  On August 11, 2017, the arbitrator delivered its final award in the GEL Arbitration (the “Final Arbitration Award”).  The Final Arbitration Award denied
all LE’s claims against GEL and granted substantially all the relief requested by GEL in its counterclaims.  Among other matters, the Final Arbitration Award
awarded damages and GEL’s attorneys’ fees and related expenses to GEL in the aggregate amount of approximately $31.3 million.

As previously disclosed, a hearing on confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award was scheduled to occur on September 18, 2017 in state district court in
Harris County, Texas. Prior to the scheduled hearing, LE and GEL jointly notified the court that the hearing would be continued for a period of no more than
90 days after September 18, 2017 (the “Continuance Period”), to facilitate settlement discussions between the parties. On September 26, 2017, LE and Blue
Dolphin, together with LEH and Jonathan Carroll, entered into a Letter Agreement with GEL, effective September 18, 2017 (the “GEL Letter Agreement”),
confirming  the  parties’  agreement  to  the  continuation  of  the  confirmation  hearing  during  the  Continuance  Period,  subject  to  the  terms  of  the  GEL  Letter
Agreement.

The GEL Letter Agreement has been amended to extend the Continuance Period through April 30, 2018.  The GEL Letter Agreement, as amended to date,
prohibits Blue Dolphin and its affiliates from making any pre-payments on indebtedness, other than in the ordinary course of business as described in the
GEL  Letter  Agreement,  and  from  making  any  payments  to  Jonathan  Carroll  under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee  Agreements  between
November 1, 2017 and the end of the Continuance Period.  (Jonathan Carroll has received no cash payments since August 2016 and no common stock
payments since May 2017 under the Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements.)  If the parties are unable to reach an acceptable settlement with
Genesis and GEL, and GEL seeks to confirm and enforce the Final Arbitration Award against LE, our business, financial condition, and results of operations
will be materially affected, and LE would likely be required to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

● Veritex Secured Loan Agreement Event of Default – Veritex Community Bank (“Veritex”), as successor in interest to Sovereign Bank by merger, delivered to
obligors  notices  of  default  under  secured  loan  agreements  with  Veritex,  stating  that  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  constitutes  an  event  of  default  under  the
secured loan agreements.  The occurrence of an event of default permits Veritex to declare the amounts owed under these loan agreements immediately
due and payable, exercise its rights with respect to collateral securing obligors’ obligations under these loan agreements, and/or exercise any other rights
and remedies available.  Veritex informed obligors that it is not currently exercising its rights and remedies under the secured loan agreements considering
the  ongoing  settlement  discussions  with  GEL  and  the  continuance  of  the  hearing  on  confirmation  of  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  and  to  allow  Veritex  to
evaluate  any  proposed  settlement  agreement  related  to  the  Final  Arbitration  Award,  which  would  require  Veritex’s  approval.  However,  Veritex  expressly
reserved all its rights, privileges and remedies related to events of default under the secured loan agreements and informed obligors that it would consider a
final  confirmation  of  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  to  be  a  material  event  of  default  under  the  loan  agreements.  Any  exercise  by  Veritex  of  its  rights  and
remedies under the secured loan agreements would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and would
likely require us to seek protection under bankruptcy laws. The debt associated with loans under secured loan agreements was classified within the current
portion of long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 due to existing events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award as
well as the uncertainty of LE and LRM’s ability to meet financial covenants in the secured loan agreements in the future.

We are currently evaluating the effects of the Final Arbitration Award on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.  In addition to the matters
described above, the Final Arbitration Award could materially and adversely affect our ability to procure adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate or our
relationships  with  our  customers.    The  contract-related  dispute  has  negatively  affected  our  customer  relationships,  prevented  us  from  taking  advantage  of
business opportunities, disrupted refinery operations, diverted management’s focus away from running the business, and impacted our ability to obtain financing.

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FORM 10-K 12/31/17

We  can  provide  no  assurance  as  to  whether  negotiations  with  GEL  will  result  in  a  settlement,  the  potential  terms  of  any  such  settlement,  or  whether  Veritex
would  approve  any  such  settlement.    If  LE  is  unable  to  reach  an  acceptable  settlement  with  GEL  or  Veritex  does  not  approve  any  such  settlement  and  GEL
seeks to confirm and enforce the Final Arbitration Award, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially adversely affected and LE
would likely be required to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

Operating Risks

Successful execution of our business plan depends on several key factors, including reaching an acceptable settlement with GEL, having adequate crude oil and
condensate  supplies,  ,  maintaining  the  safe  and  reliable  operation  of  the  Nixon  Facility,  improving  margins  on  refined  petroleum  products,  and  meeting
contractual  obligations.  (See  “Business  Strategies”  within  this  Part  I,  Item  1.  Business  for  information  related  to  our  business  plan.)    For  the  year  ended
December 31, 2017, execution of our business plan was negatively impacted by several factors, including:

● Net  Losses  –  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  we  reported  a  net  loss  of  $22,328,390,  or  a  loss  of  $2.09  per  share,  compared  to  a  net  loss  of
$15,767,448, or a loss of $1.51 per share, for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The $0.58 per share increase in net loss between the periods was the
result of the Final Arbitration Award, which was partially offset by improved margins for refined petroleum products and increased sales volume. The amount
expensed in the period related to the Final Arbitration Award was $24,338,628, which represented $2.28 per share.  Excluding the Final Arbitration Award,
we would have reported net income of $0.19 per share.

● Working Capital Deficits – We had a working capital deficit of $69,512,829 at December 31, 2017 compared to a working capital deficit of $37,812,263 at
December  31,  2016.  Excluding  long-term  debt,  we  had  a  working  capital  deficit  of  $29,968,427  at  December  31,  2017,  compared  to  working  capital  of
$5,599,927 at December 31, 2016. The significant increase in working capital deficit between the periods primarily related to the Final Arbitration Award and
a decrease in cash and cash equivalents.

● Crude Supply Issues – We currently have in place a month-to-month evergreen crude supply contract with a major integrated oil and gas company. This
supplier  currently  provides  us  with  adequate  amounts  of  crude  oil  and  condensate,  and  we  expect  the  supplier  to  continue  to  do  so  for  the  foreseeable
future.  However, our ability to purchase adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate is dependent on our liquidity and access to capital, which have been
adversely affected by the contract-related dispute with GEL and other factors, as noted above.  The Final Arbitration Award could have a material adverse
effect on our ability to procure adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate from our current supplier or otherwise.

● Financial Covenant Defaults – In addition to existing events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award, at December 31, 2017, LE and LRM were in
violation of certain financial covenants in secured loan agreements with Veritex. Covenant defaults under the secured loan agreements would permit Veritex
to  declare  the  amounts  owed  under  these  loan  agreements  immediately  due  and  payable,  exercise  its  rights  with  respect  to  collateral  securing  obligors’
obligations  under  these  loan  agreements,  and/or  exercise  any  other  rights  and  remedies  available.  The  debt  associated  with  these  loans  was  classified
within the current portion of long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 due to existing events of default related to the Final
Arbitration Award as well as the uncertainty of LE and LRM’s ability to meet the financial covenants in the future. There can be no assurance that Veritex will
provide a waiver of events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award, consent to any proposed settlement with GEL or provide future waivers of any
financial covenant defaults, which may have an adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations.

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FORM 10-K 12/31/17

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  we  continued  aggressive  actions  to  improve  operations  and  liquidity.    We  began  selling  certain  of  our  refined
petroleum  products  immediately  following  production,  which  minimizes  inventory,  improves  cash  flow,  and  reduces  commodity  risk/exposure.  We  completed
construction on several new petroleum storage tanks at the Nixon Facility. Increased petroleum storage capacity: (i) assists with de-bottlenecking the facility, (ii)
supports increased refinery throughput up to approximately 30,000 bpd, and (iii) provides an opportunity to generate additional tank rental revenue by leasing to
third-parties. We also reduced our working capital requirements in a rising cost environment by decreasing costs, reducing inventory levels, improving our sales
cycle,  and  requiring  pre-payments  from  certain  customers.    Management  believes  that  it  is  taking  the  appropriate  steps  to  improve  operations  at  the  Nixon
Facility and our overall financial stability.  However, there can be no assurance that our business plan will be successful, LEH and its affiliates will continue to
fund our working capital needs, or that we will be able to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all.  Among other factors, the Final
Arbitration Award could prevent us from successfully executing our business plan.

For additional disclosures related to the contract-related dispute with GEL, the Final Arbitration Award, the GEL Letter Agreement (as amended), defaults under
secured  loan  agreements,  and  risk  factors  that  could  materially  affect  our  future  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations,  refer  to  the  following
sections in this Annual Report:

● Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors

● Part I, Item 3. Legal Proceedings

● Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:

-  GEL Contract-Related Dispute and Final Arbitration Award

-  Results of Operations

-  Liquidity and Capital Resources

● Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements:

-  Note (8) Related Party Transactions

-  Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net

-  Note (19) Commitments and Contingencies – Legal Matters

-  Note (20) Subsequent Events

Refining Industry Overview

Crude oil refining is the process of separating the hydrocarbons present in crude oil into usable or refined petroleum products such as naphtha, diesel, jet fuel
and other products. Crude oil refining is primarily a margin-based business where both crude oil and refined petroleum products are commodities with prices that
can fluctuate independently for short periods due to supply, demand, transportation and other factors. To increase profitability, or improve margins, it is important
for a crude oil refinery to maximize the yields of higher value petroleum products and to minimize the costs of feedstocks and operating expenses. There are also
several operational efficiencies that can be deployed to improve margins. These include selecting the appropriate crude oil or condensate to fulfill anticipated
product  demand,  increasing  the  amount  and  value  of  refined  petroleum  products  processed  from  the  crude  oil  or  condensate,  reducing  downtime  for
maintenance, repair and investment, developing valuable by-products or production inputs out of materials that are typically discarded, and adjusting utilization
rates.

A  refinery's  product  slate  depends  on  the  refinery's  configuration  and  the  type  of  crude  oil  and/or  condensate  being  refined,  and  can  be  adjusted  based  on
market demand. Although an increase or decrease in the price for crude oil generally results in a similar increase or decrease in prices for refined petroleum
products, typically there is a time lag between the comparable increase or decrease in prices for refined petroleum products. The effect of changes in crude oil
prices on a refinery’s results of operations depends, in part, on how quickly and how fully refined petroleum products prices adjust to reflect these changes.

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Refinery Operations

Nixon Facility

The Nixon Facility is comprised of assets owned by LE and LRM.  LE owns the land, crude oil distillation unit, certain refined petroleum product storage tanks
and  related  piping,  and  loading  and  unloading  facilities  and  utilities.    LRM  owns  the  naphtha  stabilizer  and  depropanizer  units,  as  well  as  certain  petroleum
product storage tanks and related piping.  Together, LE and LRM own more than 1,000,000 bbls of crude oil, condensate, and refined petroleum product storage
capacity at the Nixon Facility. Since 2015, the Nixon Facility has been undergoing a capital improvement expansion project to construct over 800,000 bbls of
petroleum storage tankage.  Increased petroleum storage capacity: (i) assists with de-bottlenecking the facility, (ii) supports increased refinery throughput up to
approximately 30,000 bpd, and (iii) provides an opportunity to generate additional tank rental revenue by leasing to third-parties.  The Nixon Facility is pledged as
collateral under certain of our long-term debt as discussed in “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net”.

A regional electric cooperative supplies electrical power to the Nixon Facility. Fuel gas that is produced at the Nixon Facility is primarily used as fuel within the
refinery.  In addition, small amounts of propane are occasionally acquired for use in starting-up the Nixon Facility.

Nixon Facility Process Summary

The Nixon Facility is considered a “topping unit” because it is primarily comprised of a crude oil distillation unit, the first stage of the crude oil refining process.
The  Nixon  Facility’s  current  level  of  complexity  allows  crude  oil  and  condensate  to  be  refined  into  finished  and  intermediate  petroleum  products.    The  below
diagram represents a high-level overview of the current crude oil and condensate refining process at the Nixon Facility.

 Example represents a simplified plant configuration.  The specific configuration will vary based on various market and operational factors.

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Turnaround and Refinery Reliability

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

We are committed to the safe and efficient operation of the Nixon Facility.  Turnarounds are used to repair, restore, refurbish or replace refinery equipment such
as vessels, tanks, reactors, piping, rotating equipment, instrumentation, electrical equipment, heat exchangers and fired heaters.  Typically, a refinery undergoes
a  major  facility  turnaround  every  three  to  five  years.    Since  the  Nixon  Facility  is  still  in  the  recommissioning  phase,  one  or  more  of  the  units  may  require
additional unscheduled downtime for unanticipated maintenance or repairs that are more frequent than our scheduled turnarounds.

Crude Oil and Condensate Supply

Operation  of  the  Nixon  Facility  depends  on  our  ability  to  purchase  adequate  amounts  of  crude  oil  and  condensate  on  favorable  terms.    We  currently  have  in
place  a  month-to-month  evergreen  crude  supply  contract  with  a  major  integrated  oil  and  gas  company.    This  supplier  currently  provides  us  with  adequate
amounts of crude oil and condensate, and we expect the supplier to continue to do so for the foreseeable future.  However, our ability to purchase crude oil and
condensate is dependent on our liquidity and access to capital, which have been adversely affected by net losses, working capital deficits, the contract-related
dispute with GEL, and financial covenant defaults in secured loan agreements.

Management believes that it is taking the appropriate steps to improve operations at the Nixon Facility and our overall financial stability.  If our business plan is
unsuccessful, it could affect our ability to acquire adequate supplies of crude oil and condensate under the existing contract or otherwise.  Among other factors,
the Final Arbitration Award could prevent us from successfully executing our business plan and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to procure
adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate from our current supplier or otherwise.  Further, because our existing crude supply contract is a month-to-month
arrangement, there can be no assurance that crude oil and condensate supplies will continue to be available under this contract in the future.

Products and Markets

Products

The Nixon Facility’s product slate can be moderately adjusted based on market demand. We currently produce a single finished product – jet fuel. We produce
several intermediate products, including naphtha, HOBM, and AGO.

Markets

The Nixon Facility is in the Gulf Coast region of the U.S., which is represented by the Energy Information Administration as Petroleum Administration for Defense
District 3 (“PADD 3”).  Our products are primarily sold in the U.S. within PADD 3.  However, with the opening of the Mexican refined products market to private
companies, we occasionally sell refined products to customers that export to Mexico. LEH, which is HUBZone certified, purchases our jet fuel and resells the jet
fuel to a government agency.  Our intermediate products are primarily sold in nearby markets to wholesalers and refiners as a feedstock for further blending and
processing.    (See  “Part  I,  Item  1.  Business  –  Management”  and  “Part  II,  Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data  –  Note  (8)  Related  Party
Transactions,  Note  (10)  Long-Term  Debt,  Net,  and  Note  (19)  Commitments  and  Contingencies  –  Financing  Agreements”  for  additional  disclosures  related  to
LEH.)

Customers

Customers for our refined petroleum products include distributors, wholesalers and refineries primarily in the lower portion of the Texas Triangle (the Houston -
San Antonio - Dallas/Fort Worth area). We have bulk term contracts, including month-to-month, six months, and up to one-year terms, in place with most of our
customers. Certain of our contracts require us to sell fixed quantities and/or minimum quantities of finished and intermediate petroleum products and many of
these arrangements are subject to periodic renegotiation, which could result in higher or lower relative prices for our refined petroleum products. See “Part II,
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (14) Concentration of Risk” of this Annual Report for disclosures related to significant customers.

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Competition

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Many  of  our  competitors  are  substantially  larger  than  us  and  are  engaged  on  a  national  or  international  basis  in  many  segments  of  the  petroleum  products
business,  including  exploration  and  production,  refining,  transportation  and  marketing.  These  competitors  may  have  greater  flexibility  in  responding  to  or
absorbing market changes occurring in one or more of these business segments. We compete primarily based on cost. Due to the low complexity of our simple
“topping unit” refinery, we can be relatively nimble in adjusting our refined petroleum products slate because of changing commodity prices, market demand, and
refinery operating costs.

Business Strategy

Our overall business strategy is to improve operations, increase refinery throughput, improve refining margins, and continue the safe and reliable operation of the
Nixon  Facility.    Successful  execution  of  our  business  strategy  depends  on  several  key  factors,  including  reaching  an  acceptable  settlement  with  GEL,  having
adequate crude oil and condensate supplies and continuing to meet contractual obligations.

Nixon Facility Capital and Efficiency Improvements

In  2015,  LE  and  LRM  secured  $35.0  million  in  the  aggregate  in  19-year  financing  to  expand  the  Nixon  Facility.  Since  2015,  the  Nixon  Facility  has  been
undergoing a capital improvement expansion project to construct over 800,000 bbls of petroleum storage tankage. At December 31, 2017, the refinery had more
than 1,000,000 bbls of crude oil, condensate, and refined petroleum product storage capacity in 27 tanks. Overall improvements at the Nixon Facility will position
us  for  long-term  growth  by:  (i)  having  crude  and  product  storage  to  support  refinery  throughput  and  future  expansion  of  up  to  30,000  bpd;  (ii)  increasing  the
processing capacity and complexity of the Nixon Facility for expanded refined product opportunities; and (iii) generating additional revenue from leasing product
and crude storage to third parties.  Capital expenditures at the Nixon Facility are being funded primarily through borrowings under credit bank facilities that were
secured in 2015.

See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net” for additional disclosures related to borrowings for capital
spending.

Improved Financial Stability

As  noted  elsewhere  in  this  Annual  Report,  we  began  selling  certain  of  our  refined  petroleum  products  immediately  following  production,  which  minimizes
inventory,  improves  cash  flow,  and  reduces  commodity  risk/exposure.    We  also  reduced  our  working  capital  requirements  in  a  rising  cost  environment  by
decreasing costs, reducing inventory levels, improving our sales cycle, and receiving pre-payments from certain customers.  Management believes that these
efforts,  combined  with  favorable  margins,  will  improve  operations  and  liquidity.    (See  “Part  I,  Item  1.  Business  –  Going  Concern”  for  certain  factors  that  raise
substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.)

Pipeline Transportation

Our pipeline transportation operations involve the gathering and transportation of oil and natural gas for producers/shippers operating offshore near our pipelines,
as well as leasehold interests in oil and natural gas properties, in the Gulf of Mexico. We derived no revenue from our Pipeline Transportation operations for the
year ended December 31, 2017.  Our pipeline transportation operations represented less than 1% of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016.

We fully impaired our pipeline assets at December 31, 2016. All pipeline transportation services to third-parties have ceased, existing third-party wells along our
pipeline  corridor  are  being  permanently  abandoned,  and  no  new  third-party  wells  are  being  drilled  near  our  pipelines.  However,  management  believes  our
pipeline assets have future value based on large-scale, third-party production facility expansion projects near the pipelines. Our oil and gas properties had no
production  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017  and  2016.  All  leases  associated  with  our  oil  and  gas  properties  have  expired,  and  our  oil  and  gas
properties were fully impaired in 2011.

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Acquisition, Disposition and Restructuring Activities

We  regularly  engage  in  discussions  with  third-parties  regarding  the  possible  purchase  of  assets  and  operations  that  are  strategic  and  complementary  to  our
existing operations. However, we do not anticipate any material acquisition activity in the foreseeable future.

In 2013, the Board established a Master Limited Partnership (“MLP”) Conversion Special Committee to oversee a potential conversion of Blue Dolphin from a
Delaware  “C”  corporation  to  a  Delaware  MLP.  Due  to  a  shift  in  market  conditions  over  the  past  three  years,  the  MLP  Conversion  Special  Committee  was
dissolved in March 2018.

Insurance and Risk Management

Our operations are subject to significant hazards and risks inherent in crude oil and condensate refining operations, as well as in the transportation and storage of
crude oil and condensate and finished and intermediate petroleum products. We have property damage and business interruption coverage at the Nixon Facility.
Business interruption coverage is for 24 months from the date of the loss, subject to a deductible with a 45-day waiting period. Our property damage insurance
has  deductibles  ranging  from  $5,000  to  $500,000.  In  addition,  we  have  a  full  suite  of  insurance  policies  covering  workers’  compensation,  general  liability,
directors’ and officers’ liability, environmental liability, and other business risks. These are supported by safety and other risk management programs. See also,
“Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Our Business” in this Annual Report.

Governmental Regulation

Our  operations  and  properties  are  subject  to  extensive  and  complex  federal,  state,  and  local  environmental,  health,  and  safety  statutes,  regulations,  and
ordinances.  These rules govern, among other things, the generation, storage, handling, use and transportation of petroleum, solid wastes, hazardous wastes,
and hazardous substances; the emission and discharge of materials into the environment and environmental protection; waste management; characteristics and
composition  of  diesel  and  other  fuels;  and  the  monitoring,  reporting  and  control  of  greenhouse  gas  emissions.  These  laws  impose  costly  obligations  on  our
operations, including requiring the acquisition of permits and authorizations to conduct regulated activities, restricting the way regulated activities are conducted,
limiting  the  quantities  and  types  of  materials  that  may  be  released  into  the  environment,  and  requiring  the  monitoring  of  releases  of  materials  into  the
environment.

Failure to comply with environmental, health or safety laws and our existing permits or other authorizations issued under such laws could result in fines, civil or
criminal penalties or other sanctions, injunctive relief compelling the installation of additional controls, a revocation of our permits, and/or the shutdown of our
facilities.

We  cannot  predict  the  extent  to  which  additional  environmental,  health,  and  safety  laws  will  be  enacted  in  the  future,  or  how  existing  or  future  laws  will  be
interpreted  with  respect  to  our  operations.  Many  environmental,  health,  and  safety  laws  and  regulations  are  becoming  increasingly  stringent.  The  cost  of
compliance with and governmental enforcement of environmental, health, and safety laws may increase in the future. We may be required to make significant
capital  expenditures  or  incur  increased  operating  costs  to  achieve  or  sustain  compliance  with  applicable  environmental,  health,  and  safety  laws.    This
Governmental  Regulation  section  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  “Part  I,  Item  1A.  Risk  Factors”  of  this  Annual  Report,  which  discusses  our  expectations
regarding future events based on currently available information.

Air Emissions

Toxic Air Pollutants.  The federal Clean Air Act (the “CAA”)  is a comprehensive law that regulates toxic air pollutants from stationary and mobile sources. Among
other things, the law authorizes the Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards to protect public health and
public  welfare  and  to  regulate  emissions  of  hazardous  air  pollutants.  The  CAA,  as  well  as  corresponding  state  laws  and  regulations  regarding  emissions  of
pollutants  into  the  air,  affect  our  crude  oil  and  condensate  processing  operations  and  impact  certain  emissions  sources  located  offshore.  Under  the  CAA,
facilities that emit volatile organic compounds (“VOCs”) or nitrogen oxides face increasingly stringent regulations.

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Refineries,  which  are  major  stationary  sources  of  hazardous  air  pollutants,  have  historically  been  high-visibility  targets  for  enforcement  by  the  EPA  under  the
CAA.    Petroleum  refineries  are  subject  to  the  EPA’s  National  Standards  for  Hazardous  Air  Pollutants.  These  standards  require  petroleum  refineries  to  meet
emission standards reflecting the application of the maximum achievable control technology. The affected sources at petroleum refineries are defined to include
all process vents, storage vessels, marine tank vessel loading operations, gasoline rack operations, equipment leaks, and wastewater treatment systems located
at the refinery.  To meet emission standards, we are required to obtain permits, as well as test, monitor, report, and implement control requirements.

Under the EPA’s Mobile Source Air Toxics regulations most refineries are required to produce transportation fuels for highway use at or below 15 ppm sulfur for
“on-road”  and  “off-road”  diesel  and  30  ppm  sulfur  for  gasoline.  The  Nixon  Facility  does  not  produce  gasoline,  and  the  facility  ceased  production  of  nonroad,
locomotive, and marine, a transportation-related diesel fuel product in 2014 – when the new regulations took effect.  Since 2014, the Nixon Facility has produced
HOBM, a non-transportation lubricant blend product.  “Topping units,” like the Nixon Facility, typically lack a desulfurization process unit to lower sulfur content
levels within the range required by the EPA’s sulfur control standards, and integration of such a desulfurization unit generally requires additional permitting and
significant capital upgrades. We can produce and sell diesel with sulfur content levels above the EPA’s sulfur control standards: (i) in the U.S. as a feedstock to
other refineries and blenders and (ii) to other countries as a finished petroleum product.

The EPA issued three (3) final rules to cut emissions of methane from the oil and gas industry.  These final rules curb emissions of methane, VOC’s, and air
toxics from new, reconstructed and modified oil and gas sources, while providing greater certainty about CAA permitting requirements for the industry.  The EPA
also issued an Information Collection Request (“ICR”) to operators in the oil and natural gas industry to obtain extensive information for developing regulations to
reduce methane emissions from existing oil and gas sources. In March 2017, the EPA withdrew the ICR  request, effectively immediately.  As a result, responses
to the ICR were no longer required.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Emission of Greenhouse Gases (“GHGs”) is regulated by the EPA under the CAA. By allowing the regulation of GHGs under the
CAA, the EPA’s findings also indirectly impacted many other carbon-intensive industries, which would potentially become subject to federal New Source Review
Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Title V permitting requirements under the CAA (the “CAA Permitting Requirements”). 

The  EPA  established  GHG  emissions  thresholds  to  define  when  permits  under  the  CAA  Permitting  Requirements  are  required  for  new  and  existing  industrial
facilities (the “Tailoring Rule”). Emissions from small farms, restaurants, and all but the very largest commercial facilities are not covered by the Tailoring Rule.
The Tailoring Rule established a schedule that: (i) initially focused on the largest stationary sources with the most CAA permitting experience, (ii) then expanded
to cover the largest stationary sources of GHG that may not have been previously covered by the CAA for other pollutants, and (iii) finally described the EPA’s
plan for any additional steps in this process. Without this tailoring rule, the lower emissions thresholds would have taken effect automatically for GHGs in 2011,
leading to dramatic increases in the number of required permits. The EPA implemented the Tailoring Rule in phases.

In  2016,  the  EPA  updated  New  Source  Performance  Standards  by  setting  emission  limits  for  methane,  covering  additional  sources,  such  as  hydraulically
fractured oil wells, and requiring owners/operators to find and repair leaks.  The EPA also updated the Source Determination rules to clarify when multiple pieces
of equipment and activities must be deemed a single source when determining whether major source permitting programs apply.

Although we are not currently subject to reporting requirements under GHG-related regulations, the future adoption of any regulations that require reporting of
GHGs  or  otherwise  limit  emissions  of  GHGs  from  the  Nixon  Facility  could  require  us  to  incur  significant  costs  and  expenses  or  changes  in  operations,  which
could adversely affect our operations and financial condition.

Renewable Fuels

Pursuant to the Energy Policy Act of 2005 and the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, the EPA issued Renewable Fuels Standards (“RFS”) that
require the blending of biofuels into transportation fuel. Since the compliance mechanism for RFS - Renewable Identification Numbers – would have created a
burden on the Nixon Facility related to its nonroad, locomotive, and marine production through 2014, LE applied for an extension of the temporary exemption
afforded small refineries through December 31, 2010 under the CAA Section 211(o)(9)(B).  The EPA granted the Nixon Facility a small refinery exemption from
RFS requirements for 2013 and 2014.  In 2014, the Nixon Facility began producing HOBM, a non-transportation lubricant blend product that does not fall under
RFS.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

Hazardous Waste

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) imposes strict, joint and several liability on responsible parties with
uncontrolled  or  abandoned  hazardous  waste  sites,  as  well  as  accidents,  spills,  and  other  emergency  releases  of  pollutants  and  contaminants  into  the
environment. The law authorizes two kinds of response actions: (i) short-term removals, where actions may be taken to address releases or threatened releases
requiring  prompt  response,  and  (ii)  long-term  remedial  response  actions,  that  permanently  and  significantly  reduce  the  dangers  associated  with  releases  or
threats of releases of hazardous substances that are serious, but not immediately life threatening. As of the filing of this Annual Report, neither we nor any of our
predecessors have been designated as a potentially responsible party under CERCLA or a similar state statute.

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) and comparable state and local laws impose requirements related to the handling, storage, treatment
and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes. Our refining operations generate petroleum product wastes, solid wastes, and ordinary industrial wastes, such as
from paint and solvents, that are regulated under RCRA and state law. Certain wastes generated by the Nixon Facility are currently exempt from regulation as
hazardous wastes, but are subject to non-hazardous waste regulations. In the future, these wastes could be designated as hazardous wastes under RCRA or
other applicable statutes and therefore may become subject to more rigorous and costly requirements.

The  Nixon  Facility  has  been  used  for  refining  activities  for  many  years.  Although  prior  owners  and  operators  may  have  used  operating  and  waste  disposal
practices that were standard in the industry at the time, petroleum hydrocarbons and various wastes may have been released on or under the Nixon Facility site.
A  2008  third-party  environmental  study  determined  that  petroleum  hydrocarbon  and  VOC  concentrations  were  below  Tier  1  protective  concentration  levels
(“PCLs”).  However, RCRA-8 metals were found to be above Tier 1 PCLs.  An additional third-party study determined that metal concentrations from the soil
would not leach beyond groundwater concentrations exceeding their respective PCLs.  As a result, groundwater resources were not threatened, and no further
reporting was required.

Water Discharges

Stormwater from the Nixon Facility is tested and discharged pursuant to applicable stormwater permits.  Process wastewater from the Nixon Facility is tested
and discharged to a nearby municipal treatment facility pursuant to applicable process wastewater permits. Wastewater from our offshore facilities, including our
oil and natural gas pipelines and anchor platform, are tested and discharged pursuant to applicable produced water permits.

Spill Prevention and Control

The Clean Water Act (the “CWA”) and analogous state laws impose restrictions and stringent controls on the discharge of pollutants, including oil, into federal
and  state  waters.  These  laws  affect  our  crude  oil  and  condensate  processing  operations  and  petroleum  storage  and  terminaling  operations,  as  well  as  our
pipeline, facilities, and exploration and production assets. The CWA prohibits the discharge of pollutants into U.S. waters except as authorized by the terms of a
permit issued by the EPA or a state agency with delegated authority. Spill prevention, control, and countermeasure requirements mandate the use of structures,
such as berms and other secondary containment, to prevent hydrocarbons or other pollutants from reaching a jurisdictional body of water in the event of a spill or
leak.  Federal  and  state  regulatory  agencies  can  impose  administrative,  civil,  and  criminal  penalties  for  non-compliance  with  discharge  permits  or  other
requirements of the CWA or analogous state laws and regulations.

The EPA covers inland oil spills. In 2015, the EPA published a final rule expanding the definition of “Waters of the United States” under the CWA.  Waters that
are specifically excluded from the EPA’s jurisdiction include, among others, depressions incidental to mining or construction that may become filled with water,
puddles, groundwater, and stormwater control features constructed to convey, treat, or store stormwater on dry land. See “Offshore Safety and Environmental
Oversight” within this governmental regulation section for information on oil spills that occur in coastal waters.

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FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Offshore Safety and Environmental Oversight

In  addition  to  the  CAA,  our  pipeline,  exploration  and  production  assets  are  also  subject  to  the  requirements  of  the  Outer  Continental  Shelf  Lands  Act  (the
“OCSLA”). The OCSLA is administered by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (the “BOEM”) and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement
(the “BSEE”) and the Office of Natural Resources Revenue. The BSEE has partnered with the U.S. Coast Guard for oil spill response. The BOEM and the BSEE
have been more aggressive in proposing and implementing several reforms to offshore oil and gas regulations.

Spill Liability.  The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (the “OPA”) and the CWA, combined with the OCSLA, impose liability on owners or operators of vessels and facilities
that discharge oil into the navigable waters of the U.S., adjoining shorelines, waters of the contiguous zone, or when the discharge may affect natural resources
of  the  U.S.  With  limited  exceptions,  responsible  parties  are  liable  for  all  removal  costs  and  damages  arising  from  oil  spills.    Damages  may  include:  injury  or
economic  losses  resulting  from  destruction  of  real  or  personal  property,  damages  or  loss  of  use  of  natural  resources  used  for  subsistence,  lost  tax  revenue,
royalties,  rents,  or  net  profit  shares  suffered  by  federal,  state,  or  local  governments  due  to  injury  to  real  or  personal  property,  lost  profits  or  impaired  earning
power because of injury to real or personal property or natural resources, and the net costs of providing increased or additional public services during or after
removal activities.

The  BOEM  has  increased  the  offshore  limit  of  liability  for  damages  under  the  OPA  from  $75  million  to  $133.65  million,  plus  all  clean-up  costs,  to  reflect  the
significant increase in the Consumer Price Index.  The onshore facilities limit of liability for damages under the OPA is $350 million plus all clean-up costs.  A
party  cannot  take  advantage  of  the  liability  limits  if  the  spill  is  caused  by  gross  negligence  or  willful  misconduct  or  resulted  from  a  violation  of  federal  safety,
construction  or  operating  regulations.  If  a  party  fails  to  report  a  spill  or  cooperate  in  the  clean-up,  liability  limits  do  not  apply.    The  OPA  requires  responsible
parties to provide proof of financial responsibility for potential spills. The amount required for certain types of offshore facilities located seaward of the seaward
boundary of a state, including properties used for oil transportation, is $35 million. BDPL currently maintains the statutory $35 million coverage.

Spill Response.  Pursuant to the OPA, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan, more commonly called the National Contingency
Plan, provides a blueprint for responding to both oil spills and hazardous substance releases.  The National Contingency Plan requires, among other things, that
responsible parties have an oil spill response plan in place. We have an oil spill response plan in place.

Decommissioning Requirements.  To cover the various obligations of lessees and rights-of-way holders operating in federal waters of the Gulf of Mexico, the
BOEM generally requires that lessees and rights-of-way holders demonstrate financial strength and reliability per regulations or post bonds or other acceptable
assurances  that  such  obligations  will  be  satisfied,  unless  the  BOEM  exempts  the  lessee  or  rights-of-way  holder  from  such  financial  assurance
requirements.  Such obligations include the cost of plugging and abandoning wells and decommissioning and removing platforms and pipelines at the end of
production  or  service  activities.  Once  plugging  and  abandonment  work  has  been  completed,  the  collateral  backing  the  financial  assurance  is  released  by  the
BOEM.

Under a newer financial assurance program model, the BOEM no longer: (i) grants waivers from additional security obligations and (ii) considers the combined
strength  and  reliability  of  co-lessees  when  determining  a  lessee’s  additional  security  requirements.    Also,  provided  guidance  and  clarification  regarding
submission  of  certified  decommissioning  cost  expenditure  summaries  following  permanent  plugging  of  any  well,  removal  of  any  platform  or  other  facility,  and
clearance of any site.

The  BOEM  requested  that  BDPL  provide  additional  supplemental  bonds  or  acceptable  financial  assurance  of  approximately  $4.6  million  related  to  five  (5)
existing pipeline rights-of-way. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, BDPL maintained approximately $0.9 million in credit and cash-backed pipeline rights-of-way
bonds  issued  to  the  BOEM.    Of  the  five  (5)  existing  pipeline  rights-of-ways  related  to  BOEM’s  request,  the  pipeline  associated  with  one  (1)  right-of-way  was
decommissioned in 1997. The BSEE approved BDPL permit requests to decommission in place the pipelines for three (3) of these rights-of-way.  As a result,
management is seeking a reduction in the amount of BOEM’s request for additional financial assurance.  There can be no assurance that the BOEM will accept a
reduced amount of supplemental financial assurance or not require additional supplemental pipeline bonds related to our existing pipeline rights-of-way.  If BDPL
is required by the BOEM to provide significant additional supplemental bonds or acceptable financial assurance, we may experience a significant and material
adverse effect on our operations, liquidity, and financial condition.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Offshore  Safety.    Under  the  Workplace  Safety  Rule,  BSEE  requires  operators  to  employ  a  comprehensive  safety  and  environmental  management  system
(“SEMS”).  SEMS and a subsequent revision to SEMS (“SEMS II”) reduce human and organizational errors as root causes of work-related accidents and offshore
spills,  develop  protocols  as  to  who  at  the  facility  has  the  ultimate  operational  safety  and  decision-making  authority,  and  establish  procedures  to  provide  all
personnel with “stop work” authority. SEMS II must be periodically audited by an independent third-party auditor approved by the BSEE.  BDPL has a SEMS II
plan in place.

Health, Safety and Maintenance

We are subject to several federal and state laws and regulations related to the health and safety of workers pursuant to the Occupational Safety and Health Act
of  1970.  These  laws  and  regulations  are  administered  by  the  Occupational  Safety  and  Health  Administration  (the  “OSHA”)  and,  in  states  not  participating  in
OSHA-approved state safety plans, comparable state regulatory bodies.

Our  refinery  operations  are  also  subject  to  OSHA  process  safety  management  regulations  and  the  National  Emphasis  Program  for  Petroleum  Refineries  (the
“RNEP”).  RNEP requires refineries to be inspected for compliance with process safety management regulations. Inspections may last from two to six months,
including  one  to  three  months  onsite.  Inspectors  primarily  focus  on  process  safety  management  implementation  and  recordkeeping.  The  Nixon  Facility  was
inspected by OSHA in 2013 and again in June 2016.  Following the 2013 inspection, LE was assessed a civil penalty of $38,500. Following the 2016 inspection,
LE was assessed a civil penalty of $6,006.  Citations issued by OSHA primarily related to failure to comply with documentation and notice posting requirements.

We operate a comprehensive safety, health and security program, with participation by personnel at all levels of the organization. Despite our efforts to achieve
excellence in our safety and health performance, there can be no assurances that there will not be accidents resulting in injuries or even fatalities. We routinely
monitor our programs and consider improvements in our management systems.

Intellectual Property

We rely on intellectual property laws to protect our brand, as well as those of our subsidiaries. “Blue Dolphin Energy Company” is a registered trademark in the
U.S.  in  name  and  logo  form.  “Petroport,  Inc.”  is  a  registered  trademark  in  the  U.S.  in  name  form.  In  addition,  “www.blue-dolphin-energy.com”  is  a  registered
domain name.

Personnel

We  rely  on  the  services  of  LEH  pursuant  to  the  Amended  and  Restated  Operating  Agreement  to  manage  our  property  and  the  property  of  our  subsidiaries,
including  the  Nixon  Facility,  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business.    LEH  provides  us  with  the  following  personnel  services  under  the  Amended  and  Restated
Operating Agreement:

● Personnel serving in the capacities of corporate executive officers, including Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as well as general manager,

operations, maintenance, environmental, and health and safety personnel; and

● Personnel providing administrative and professional services, including accounting, human resources, insurance, and regulatory compliance.

All  personnel  work  for  and  are  paid  by  LEH.    Blue  Dolphin  is  billed  by  LEH  at  cost  plus  a  5%  markup.    See  “Part  II,  Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and
Supplementary Data - Note (8), Related Party Transactions” of this Annual Report for additional disclosures related to LEH.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

Available Information

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act.  We file financial and other information with the SEC as required, including but not limited
to, proxy statements on Schedule 14A, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K. The public may read
and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549, on official business days during
the  hours  of  10:00  a.m.  to  3:00  p.m.    The  public  may  obtain  information  on  the  operation  of  the  Public  Reference  Room  by  calling  the  SEC  at  1-800-SEC-
0330.    The  SEC  also  maintains  an  internet  website  at http:///www.sec.gov  that  contains  reports,  proxy  information  and  information  statements,  and  other
information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically with the SEC.

We also make our SEC filings available through our website ( http://www.blue-dolphin-energy.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file
such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

An  investment  in  our  Common  Stock  involves  risks.  In  addition  to  the  other  information  in  this  Annual  Report  and  our  other  filings  with  the  SEC,  you  should
carefully  consider  the  following  risk  factors  in  evaluating  us  and  our  business.  The  risks  described  below  are  not  the  only  risks  we  face.  Additional  risks  and
uncertainties not specified herein, not currently known to us, or currently deemed to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition, operating results and/or cash flows.

Any one of these factors or a combination of these factors could materially affect our future results of operations and could influence whether any forward-looking
statements ultimately prove to be accurate. Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, and actual results and future performance
may differ materially from those suggested in any forward-looking statements. We do not intend to update these statements unless we are required to do so.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

The adverse outcome in the arbitration of the contract-related dispute with GEL had a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition,
and results of operations and could materially adversely affect the value of an investment in our common stock.

As previously disclosed, LE was involved in the GEL Arbitration with GEL, an affiliate of Genesis, related to a contractual dispute involving the Crude Supply
Agreement and the Joint Marketing Agreement.  On August 11, 2017, the arbitrator delivered the Final Arbitration Award.  The Final Arbitration Award denied all
LE’s  claims  against  GEL  and  granted  substantially  all  the  relief  requested  by  GEL  in  its  counterclaims.    Among  other  matters,  the  Final  Arbitration  Award
awarded damages and GEL’s attorneys’ fees and related expenses to GEL in the aggregate amount of approximately $31.3 million.

As previously disclosed, a hearing on confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award was scheduled to occur on September 18, 2017 in state district court in Harris
County, Texas. Prior to the scheduled hearing, LE and GEL jointly notified the court that the hearing would be continued for the Continuance Period to facilitate
settlement discussions between the parties. On September 26, 2017, LE and Blue Dolphin, together with LEH and Jonathan Carroll, entered into the GEL Letter
Agreement,  effective  September  18,  2017,  confirming  the  parties’  agreement  to  the  continuation  of  the  confirmation  hearing  during  the  Continuance  Period,
subject to the terms of the GEL Letter Agreement.

The  GEL  Letter  Agreement  has  been  amended  to  extend  the  Continuance  Period  through  April  30,  2018.    The  GEL  Letter  Agreement,  as  amended  to  date,
prohibits Blue Dolphin and its affiliates from making any pre-payments on indebtedness, other than in the ordinary course of business as described in the GEL
Letter Agreement, and from making any payments to Jonathan Carroll under the Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements between November 1, 2017
and the end of the Continuance Period.  (Jonathan Carroll has received no cash payments since August 2016 and no common stock payments since May 2017
under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee  Agreements.)    If  the  parties  are  unable  to  reach  an  acceptable  settlement  with  Genesis  and  GEL,  and  GEL
seeks to confirm and enforce the Final Arbitration Award, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially affected, and LE would
likely be required to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Veritex notified obligors that the Final Arbitration Award constitutes an event of default under secured loan agreements with Veritex.  The occurrence of events of
default under the secured loan agreements permits Veritex to declare the amounts owed under these loan agreements immediately due and payable, exercise
its  rights  with  respect  to  collateral  securing  our  obligations  under  these  loan  agreements,  and/or  exercise  any  other  rights  and  remedies  available.  Veritex
informed  obligors  that  it  is  not  currently  exercising  its  rights,  privileges  and  remedies  under  the  secured  loan  agreements  considering  the  ongoing  settlement
discussions with GEL and the continuance of the hearing on confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award and to allow Veritex to evaluate any proposed settlement
agreement  related  to  the  Final  Arbitration  Award,  which  would  require  Veritex’s  approval.  However,  Veritex  expressly  reserved  all  its  rights,  privileges  and
remedies related to events of default under the secured loan agreements and informed obligors that it would consider a final confirmation of the Final Arbitration
Award to be a material event of default under the loan agreements.

We can provide no assurance as to whether negotiations with GEL will result in a settlement, as to potential terms of any such settlement, whether Veritex would
approve  of  any  such  settlement,  or  whether  Veritex  will  exercise  its  rights  and  remedies  under  secured  loan  agreements.  If:  (i)  we  are  unable  to  reach  an
acceptable  settlement  with  GEL  or  Veritex  does  not  approve  any  such  settlement,  (ii)  GEL  seeks  to  confirm  and  enforce  the  Final  Arbitration  Award,  or  (iii)
Veritex  exercises  its  rights  and  remedies  under  the  secured  loan  agreements,  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations  will  be  materially
adversely affected, and LE would likely be required to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.  In addition, our ability to procure adequate amounts of crude oil
and condensate and our relationships with our customers could materially and adversely be affected, and the trading prices of our common stock and the value
of  an  investment  in  our  common  stock  could  significantly  decrease,  which  could  lead  to  holders  of  our  common  stock  losing  their  investment  in  our  common
stock in its entirety.

For additional information regarding the Final Arbitration Award, the GEL Letter Agreement (as amended), and their potential effects on our business, financial
condition, and results of operations, see “Part I, Item 3. Legal Proceedings,” Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations,” and the notes to our consolidated financial statements in “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

We  may  not  have  sufficient  liquidity  to  sustain  operations  because  of  net  losses,  working  capital  deficits,  and  other  factors,  including  the  Final
Arbitration Award, crude supply issues, and financial covenant defaults in secured loan agreements.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we reported a net loss of $22,328,390, or a loss of $2.09 per share, compared to a net loss of $15,767,448, or a loss of
$1.51 per share, for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The $0.58 per share increase in net loss between the periods was the result of the Final Arbitration
Award, which was partially offset by improved margins for refined petroleum products and increased sales volume.  The amount expensed in the period related to
the Final Arbitration Award was $24,338,628, which represented $2.28 per share.  Excluding the Final Arbitration Award, we would have reported net income of
$0.19 per share.

We had a working capital deficit of $69,512,829 at December 31, 2017 compared to a working capital deficit of $37,812,263 at December 31, 2016. Excluding
long-term debt, we had a working capital deficit of $29,968,427 at December 31, 2017, compared to working capital of $5,599,927 at December 31, 2016. The
significant increase in working capital deficit between the periods primarily related to the Final Arbitration Award and a decrease in cash and cash equivalents.

We had cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash (current portion) of $495,296 and $48,980, respectively, at December 31, 2017.  Comparatively, we had
cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash (current portion) of $1,152,628 and $3,347,835, respectively, at December 31, 2016.

The  Final  Arbitration  Award  awarded  damages  and  GEL’s  attorneys’  fees  and  related  expenses  to  GEL  in  the  aggregate  amount  of  approximately  $31.3
million.    We  can  provide  no  assurance  as  to  whether  negotiations  with  GEL  will  result  in  a  settlement,  as  to  potential  terms  of  any  such  settlement,  whether
Veritex would approve of any such settlement, or whether Veritex will exercise its rights and remedies under secured loan agreements. If: (i) we are unable to
reach an acceptable settlement with GEL or Veritex does not approve any such settlement, (ii) GEL seeks to confirm and enforce the Final Arbitration Award, or
(iii) Veritex exercises its rights and remedies under the secured loan agreements, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially
adversely affected, and LE would likely be required to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Following the cessation of crude supplies under the Crude Supply Agreement with GEL, we put in place a month-to-month evergreen crude supply contract with
a  major  integrated  oil  and  gas  company.    This  supplier  currently  provides  us  with  adequate  amounts  of  crude  oil  and  condensate  and  having  crude  supply
continuity  has  boosted  our  customers’  confidence  in  our  performance  ability  and  enabled  us  to  slowly  rebuild  counter-party  relationships.    However,  we  are
currently evaluating the effects of the Final Arbitration Award on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.  In addition to the matters described
above,  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  procure  adequate  amounts  of  crude  oil  and  condensate  and  our
relationships with our customers.

As  described  elsewhere  in  this  Annual  Report,  Veritex  notified  obligors  that  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  constitutes  an  event  of  default  under  secured  loan
agreements with Veritex.  (Within this “Item 1A. Risk Factors” section, see also “Risks Related to Our Business and Industry” for a discussion of risks related to
our financial covenant defaults with Veritex.)

Currently, we rely on revenue from operations, LEH and its affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll), and borrowings under bank facilities to meet our liquidity needs.
During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  we  continued  aggressive  actions  to  improve  operations  and  liquidity.  We  began  selling  certain  of  our  refined
petroleum  products  immediately  following  production,  which  minimizes  inventory,  improves  cash  flow,  and  reduces  commodity  risk/exposure.  We  completed
construction on several new petroleum storage tanks at the Nixon Facility. Increased petroleum storage capacity: (i) assists with de-bottlenecking the facility, (ii)
supports increased refinery throughput up to approximately 30,000 bpd, and (iii) provides an opportunity to generate additional tank rental revenue by leasing to
third-parties. We also reduced our working capital requirements in a rising cost environment by decreasing costs, reducing inventory levels, improving our sales
cycle,  and  requiring  pre-payments  from  certain  customers.    Management  believes  that  it  is  taking  the  appropriate  steps  to  improve  operations  at  the  Nixon
Facility and our overall financial stability. However, there can be no assurance that our business plan will be successful, LEH and its affiliates will continue to fund
our  working  capital  needs,  or  that  we  will  be  able  to  obtain  additional  financing  on  commercially  reasonable  terms  or  at  all.    Among  other  factors,  the  Final
Arbitration Award could prevent us from successfully executing our business plan.

Our short-term working capital needs are primarily related to acquisition of crude oil and condensate to operate the Nixon Facility, repayment of debt obligations,
and  capital  expenditures  for  maintenance,  upgrades,  and  refurbishment  of  equipment  at  the  Nixon  Facility.  Our  long-term  working  capital  needs  are  primarily
related to repayment of long-term debt obligations.  In addition, we continue to utilize capital to reduce operational, safety and environmental risks. We may incur
substantial compliance costs relating to any new environmental, health and safety regulations. Our liquidity will affect our ability to satisfy any of these needs.

The dangers inherent in oil and gas operations could expose us to potentially significant losses, costs or liabilities and reduce our liquidity.

Oil and gas operations are inherently subject to significant hazards and risks. These hazards and risks include, but are not limited to, fires, explosions, ruptures,
blowouts, spills, third-party interference and equipment failure, any of which could result in interruption or termination of operations, pollution, personal injury and
death, or damage to our assets and the property of others. These risks could harm our reputation and business, result in claims against us, and have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

The  geographic  concentration  of  our  assets  creates  a  significant  exposure  to  the  risks  of  the  regional  economy  and  other  regional  adverse
conditions.

Our primary operating asset, the Nixon Facility, is in Nixon, Texas in the Eagle Ford Shale and we market our refined petroleum products in a single, relatively
limited geographic area.  In addition, our onshore facilities assets are in Freeport, Texas, and all our pipelines, offshore facilities and oil and gas properties are
located  within  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.    As  a  result,  our  operations  are  more  susceptible  to  regional  economic  conditions  than  our  more  geographically  diversified
competitors.    Any  changes  in  market  conditions,  unforeseen  circumstances,  or  other  events  affecting  the  area  in  which  our  assets  are  located  could  have  a
material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations.  These  factors  include,  among  other  things,  changes  in  the  economy,
weather conditions, demographics, and population.

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FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Competition  from  companies  having  greater  financial  and  other  resources  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our  business  and  results  of
operations.

The refining industry is highly competitive.  Our refining operations compete with domestic refiners and marketers in PADD 3 (Gulf Coast), domestic refiners in
other PADD regions, and foreign refiners that import products into the U.S. Certain of our competitors have larger, more complex refineries and may be able to
realize higher margins per barrel of product produced. Several of our principal competitors are integrated national or international oil companies that are larger
and  have  substantially  greater  resources  than  we  do  and  have  access  to  proprietary  sources  of  controlled  crude  oil  production.  Unlike  these  competitors,  we
obtain all our feedstocks from a single supplier.  Because of their integrated operations and larger capitalization, larger, more complex refineries may be more
flexible in responding to volatile industry or market conditions, such as crude oil and other feedstocks supply shortages or commodity price fluctuations.  If we
are unable to compete effectively, we may lose existing customers or fail to acquire new customers.

Environmental  laws  and  regulations  could  require  us  to  make  substantial  capital  expenditures  to  remain  in  compliance  or  to  remediate  current  or
future contamination that could give rise to material liabilities.

Our operations are subject to a variety of federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including those
governing the emission or discharge of pollutants into the environment, product specifications and the generation, treatment, storage, transportation, disposal
and remediation of solid and hazardous wastes. Violations of these laws and regulations or permit conditions can result in substantial penalties, injunctive orders
compelling installation of additional controls, civil and criminal sanctions, permit revocations and/or facility shutdowns.

In  addition,  new  environmental  laws  and  regulations,  new  interpretations  of  existing  laws  and  regulations,  increased  governmental  enforcement  of  laws  and
regulations, or other developments could require us to make additional unforeseen expenditures. Many of these laws and regulations are becoming increasingly
stringent, and the cost of compliance with these requirements can be expected to increase over time. The requirements to be met, as well as the technology and
length of time available to meet those requirements, continue to develop and change. Expenditures or costs for environmental compliance could have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and profitability.

The  Nixon  Facility  operates  under  several  federal  and  state  permits,  licenses,  and  approvals  with  terms  and  conditions  that  contain  a  significant  number  of
prescriptive  limits  and  performance  standards.  These  permits,  licenses,  approvals,  limits,  and  standards  require  a  significant  amount  of  monitoring,  record
keeping and reporting to demonstrate compliance with the underlying permit, license, approval, limit or standard. Non-compliance or incomplete documentation
of our compliance status may result in the imposition of fines, penalties and injunctive relief. Additionally, there may be times when we are unable to meet the
standards and terms and conditions of our permits, licenses and approvals due to operational upsets or malfunctions, which may lead to the imposition of fines
and penalties or operating restrictions that may have a material adverse effect on our ability to operate our facilities, and accordingly our financial performance.

We are subject to strict laws and regulations regarding personnel and process safety, and failure to comply with these laws and regulations could
have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and profitability.

We  are  subject  to  the  requirements  of  OSHA  and  comparable  state  statutes  that  regulate  the  protection  of  the  health  and  safety  of  workers,  and  the  proper
design,  operation  and  maintenance  of  our  equipment.  In  addition,  OSHA  and  certain  environmental  regulations  require  that  we  maintain  information  about
hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and that we provide this information to personnel and state and local governmental authorities. Failure to
comply  with  these  requirements,  including  general  industry  standards,  record  keeping  requirements  and  monitoring  and  control  of  occupational  exposure  to
regulated  substances,  may  result  in  significant  fines  or  compliance  costs,  which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  results  of  operations,  financial
condition and cash flows.

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FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Our insurance policies may be inadequate or expensive.

Our insurance coverage does not cover all potential losses, costs or liabilities. We could suffer losses for uninsurable or uninsured risks or in amounts more than
our existing insurance coverage. Our ability to obtain and maintain adequate insurance may be affected by conditions in the insurance market over which we
have  no  control.  In  addition,  if  we  experience  insurable  events,  we  may  experience  an  increase  in  annual  premiums,  a  limit  on  coverage,  or  loss  of
coverage.  Inadequate insurance or loss of coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

LEH holds a significant interest in us, and our related party transactions with LEH and its affiliates may cause conflicts of interest that may adversely
affect us.

Jonathan Carroll, our Chief Executive Officer, President, Assistant Treasurer and Secretary, is also a majority owner of LEH. Together LEH and Jonathan Carroll
own 80.2% of our Common Stock, and, pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, manages and operates all Blue Dolphin properties.  LEH
and Jonathan Carroll have significant influence over matters such as the election of the Board, control over our business, policies and affairs and other matters
submitted to our stockholders. LEH and Jonathan Carroll are entitled to vote the Common Stock owned by LEH in accordance with its interests, which may be
contrary  to  the  interests  of  other  stockholders.  LEH  has  interests  that  may  differ  from  the  interests  of  other  stockholders  and,  as  a  result,  there  is  a  risk  that
important business decisions will not be made in the best interest of some of our stockholders.

LEH and its affiliates are not limited in their ability to compete with us and are not obligated to offer us business opportunities. We believe that the transactions
and agreements that we have entered with LEH and its affiliates are on terms that are at least as favorable as could reasonably have been obtained at such time
from third-parties. However, these relationships could create, or appear to create, potential conflicts of interest when our Board is faced with decisions that could
have  different  implications  for  us  and  LEH  or  its  affiliates.  The  appearance  of  conflicts,  even  if  such  conflicts  do  not  materialize,  might  adversely  affect  the
public’s perception of us, as well as our relationship with other companies and our ability to enter new relationships in the future, which may have a material
adverse effect on our ability to do business.

Defaults under our secured loan agreements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and
materially adversely affect the value of an investment in our common stock.

As  described  elsewhere  in  this  Annual  Report,  Veritex  notified  obligors  that  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  constitutes  an  event  of  default  under  secured  loan
agreements with Veritex.  In addition to existing events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award, at December 31, 2017, LE and LRM were in violation of
the  debt  service  coverage  ratio,  the  current  ratio,  and  debt  to  net  worth  ratio  financial  covenants  related  to  the  secured  loan  agreements.    LE  also  failed  to
replenish  a  payment  reserve  account  as  required.    The  occurrence  of  events  of  default  under  the  secured  loan  agreements  permits  Veritex  to  declare  the
amounts owed under the secured loan agreements immediately due and payable, exercise its rights with respect to collateral securing obligors’ obligations under
the loan agreements, and/or exercise any other rights and remedies available.  Veritex informed obligors that it is not currently exercising its rights, privileges
and remedies under the secured loan agreements considering the ongoing settlement discussions with GEL and the continuance of the hearing on confirmation
of the Final Arbitration Award and to allow Veritex to evaluate any proposed settlement agreement related to the Final Arbitration Award, which would require
Veritex’s approval.  However, Veritex expressly reserved all its rights, privileges and remedies related to events of default under the secured loan agreements
and informed obligors that it would consider a final confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award to be a material event of default under the loan agreements.  Any
exercise by Veritex of its rights and remedies under the secured loan agreements would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and
results of operations and would likely require us to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

There can be no assurance that: (i) our assets or cash flow would be sufficient to fully repay borrowings under outstanding long-term debt, either upon maturity
or if accelerated, (ii) LE and LRM would be able to refinance or restructure the payments on the long-term debt, and/or (iii) Veritex will provide future waivers.
Defaults under secured loan agreements and any exercise by Veritex of its rights and remedies related to such defaults may have a material adverse effect on
the trading prices of our common stock and on the value of an investment in our common stock, and holders of our common stock could lose their investment in
our common stock in its entirety, particularly if LE is required to seek bankruptcy protection because of the exercise by Veritex of such rights and remedies.

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For additional information regarding defaults under our secured loan agreements and their potential effects on our business, financial condition, and results of
operations,  see  “Part  II,  Item  7.  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”  and  “Part  II  and  the  notes  to  our
financial statements in “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Our  ability  to  use  net  operating  loss  (“NOL”)  carryforwards  to  offset  future  taxable  income  for  U.S.  federal  income  tax  purposes  is  subject  to
limitation.

Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“IRC Section 382”), a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” is subject to
limitations  on  its  ability  to  utilize  its  pre-change  NOL  carryforwards  to  offset  future  taxable  income.  Within  the  meaning  of  IRC  Section  382,  an  “ownership
change” occurs when the aggregate stock ownership of certain stockholders (generally 5% shareholders, applying certain look-through rules) increases by more
than 50 percentage points over such stockholders' lowest percentage ownership during the testing period (generally three years).

Blue  Dolphin  experienced  ownership  changes  in  2005  because  of  a  series  of  private  placements,  and  in  2012  because  of  a  reverse  acquisition.    The  2012
ownership change limits our ability to utilize NOLs following the 2005 ownership change that were not previously subject to limitation. Limitations imposed on our
ability to use NOLs to offset future taxable income could cause U.S. federal income taxes to be paid earlier than otherwise would be paid if such limitations were
not  in  effect,  and  could  cause  such  NOLs  to  expire  unused,  in  each  case  reducing  or  eliminating  the  benefit  of  such  NOLs.  Similar  rules  and  limitations  may
apply for state income tax purposes. NOLs generated after the 2012 ownership change are not subject to limitation.

At  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  management  determined  that  cumulative  losses  incurred  over  the  prior  three-year  period  provided  significant  objective
evidence that limited the ability to consider other subjective evidence, such as projections for future growth. Based on this evaluation, we recorded a full valuation
allowance against the deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Terrorist  attacks,  cyber-attacks,  threats  of  war,  or  actual  war  may  negatively  affect  our  operations,  financial  condition,  results  of  operations,  and
cash flows.

Energy-related assets in the U.S. may be at a greater risk for future terrorist attacks than other potential targets. A direct attack on our assets or assets used by
us could have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. In addition, any terrorist attack in the U.S.
could  have  an  adverse  impact  on  energy  prices,  including  prices  for  crude  oil  and  refined  petroleum  products,  and  refining  margins.  Disruption  or  significant
increases  in  energy  prices  could  result  in  government-imposed  price  controls.  While  we  currently  maintain  some  insurance  that  provides  coverage  against
terrorist  attacks,  such  insurance  has  become  increasingly  expensive  and  difficult  to  obtain.  As  a  result,  insurance  providers  may  not  continue  to  offer  this
coverage to us on terms that we consider affordable, or at all.

Our  operations  are  dependent  on  our  technology  infrastructure,  which  includes  a  data  network,  telecommunications  system,  internet  access,  and  various
computer  hardware  equipment  and  software  applications.  Our  technology  infrastructure  is  subject  to  damage  or  interruption  from  several  potential  sources,
including natural disasters, software viruses or other malware, power failures, cyber-attacks, and/or other events. To the extent that our technology infrastructure
is under our control, we have implemented measures such as virus protection software and emergency recovery processes to address identified risks. However,
there  can  be  no  assurance  that  a  security  breach  or  cyber-attack  will  not  compromise  confidential,  business  critical  information,  cause  a  disruption  in  our
operations, or harm our reputation, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

Risks Related to Our Refining Operations

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Management has determined that there is, and the report of our independent registered public accounting firm expresses, substantial doubt about
our ability to continue as a going concern.

Our  auditors,  UHY  LLP,  have  indicated  in  their  report  on  our  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  that  conditions  exist  that  raise
substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern due to the Final Arbitration Award, defaults in secured loan agreements, recurring losses from
operations, and the substantial decline in working capital. A “going concern” opinion could impair our ability to finance our operations through the sale of equity,
incurring debt, or other financing alternatives. Our ability to continue as a going concern will depend upon reaching a settlement agreement with GEL related to
the  Final  Arbitration  Award,  sustained  positive  operating  margins,  and  financing  at  commercially  reasonable  terms  for  working  capital  to  operate  the  Nixon
Facility, purchase crude oil and condensate, and fund capital expenditures.  If we are unable to achieve these goals, our business would be jeopardized, and we
may not be able to continue.

Refining margins are volatile, and a reduction in refining margins will adversely affect the amount of cash we will have available for working capital.

Historically,  refining  margins  have  been  volatile,  and  they  are  likely  to  continue  to  be  volatile  in  the  future.  Our  financial  results  are  primarily  affected  by  the
relationship, or margin, between our refined petroleum product sales prices and our crude oil and condensate costs.  Our crude oil and condensate acquisition
costs and the prices at which we can ultimately sell our refined petroleum products depend upon numerous factors beyond our control. The prices at which we
sell  refined  petroleum  products  are  strongly  influenced  by  the  commodity  price  of  crude  oil.  If  crude  oil  prices  increase,  our  “refinery  operations”  business
segment  margins  will  fall  unless  we  can  pass  along  these  price  increases  to  our  wholesale  customers.  Increases  in  the  selling  prices  for  refined  petroleum
products typically trail the rising cost of crude oil and may be difficult to implement when crude oil costs increase dramatically over a short period.

The price volatility of crude oil, other feedstocks, refined petroleum products, and fuel and utility services may have a material adverse effect on our
earnings, cash flows and liquidity.

Our  refining  earnings,  cash  flows  and  liquidity  from  operations  depend  primarily  on  the  margin  above  operating  expenses  (including  the  cost  of  refinery
feedstocks, such as crude oil and condensate that are processed and blended into refined petroleum products) at which we can sell refined petroleum products.
Crude oil refining is primarily a margin-based business. To improve margins, it is important for a crude oil refinery to maximize the yields of high value finished
petroleum produces and to minimize the costs of feedstocks and operating expenses. When the margin between refined petroleum product prices and crude oil
and other feedstock costs decreases, our margins are negatively affected. Crude oil refining margins have historically been volatile, and are likely to continue to
be  volatile,  because  of  a  variety  of  factors,  including  fluctuations  in  the  prices  of  crude  oil,  other  feedstocks,  refined  petroleum  products,  and  fuel  and  utility
services. Although an increase or decrease in the price for crude oil generally results in a similar increase or decrease in prices for refined petroleum products,
typically  there  is  a  time  lag  between  the  comparable  increase  or  decrease  in  prices  for  refined  petroleum  products.  The  effect  of  changes  in  crude  oil  and
condensate  prices  on  our  refining  margins  therefore  depends,  in  part,  on  how  quickly  and  how  fully  refined  petroleum  product  prices  adjust  to  reflect  these
changes.

Prices of crude oil, other feedstocks and refined petroleum products depend on numerous factors beyond our control, including the supply of and demand for
crude oil, other feedstocks, and refined petroleum products. Such supply and demand are affected by, among other things:

● changes in foreign, domestic, and local economic conditions;

● foreign and domestic demand for fuel products;

● worldwide political conditions, particularly in significant oil producing regions;

● foreign and domestic production levels of crude oil, other feedstocks, and refined petroleum products and the volume of crude oil, feedstocks, and refined

petroleum products imported into the U.S.;

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 FORM 10-K 12/31/17

● availability of and access to transportation infrastructure;

● capacity utilization rates of refineries in the U.S.;

● Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries’ influence on oil prices;

● development and marketing of alternative and competing fuels;

● commodities speculation;

● natural  disasters  (such  as  hurricanes  and  tornadoes),  accidents,  interruptions  in  transportation,  inclement  weather  or  other  events  that  can  cause

unscheduled shutdowns or otherwise adversely affect our refineries;

● federal and state governmental regulations and taxes; and

● local factors, including market conditions, weather conditions and the level of operations of other refineries and pipelines in our markets.

Our future success depends on our ability to acquire sufficient levels of crude oil on favorable terms to operate the Nixon Facility.

Operation of the Nixon Facility depends on our ability to purchase adequate crude supplies on favorable terms.  Following the cessation of crude supplies under
the Crude Supply Agreement with GEL, we put in place a month-to-month evergreen crude supply contract with a major integrated oil and gas company.  This
supplier currently provides us with adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate and having crude supply continuity has boosted our customers’ confidence in
our  performance  ability  and  enabled  us  to  slowly  rebuild  counter-party  relationships.    However,  we  are  currently  evaluating  the  effects  of  the  Final  Arbitration
Award on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.  In addition to the matters described above, the Final Arbitration Award could materially and
adversely affect our ability to procure adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate and our relationships with our customers.

We  are  pursuing  alternative  sources  to  finance  crude  oil  and  condensate  acquisition  costs,  including  commodity  sale  and  repurchase  programs,  inventory
financing, debt financing, equity financing, or other means.  We may not be successful in consummating suitable financing transactions in the time required or at
all,  securing  financing  on  terms  favorable  to  us,  or  obtaining  crude  oil  and  condensate  at  the  levels  needed  to  earn  a  profit  and/or  safely  operate  the  Nixon
Facility, any of which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Downtime at the Nixon Facility could result in lost margin opportunity, increased maintenance expense, increased inventory, and a reduction in cash
available for payment of our obligations.

The safe and reliable operation of the Nixon Facility is key to our financial performance and results of operations, and we are particularly vulnerable to disruptions
in  our  operations  because  all  our  refining  operations  are  conducted  at  a  single  facility.  Although  operating  at  anticipated  levels,  the  Nixon  Facility  is  still  in  a
recommissioning phase and may require unscheduled downtime for unanticipated reasons, including maintenance and repairs, voluntary regulatory compliance
measures,  or  cessation  or  suspension  by  regulatory  authorities.  Occasionally,  the  Nixon  Facility  experiences  a  temporary  shutdown  due  to  power  outages
because  of  high  winds  and  thunderstorms.  In  the  case  of  such  a  shutdown,  the  refinery  must  initiate  a  standard  start-up  process,  and  such  process  can  last
several  days  although  we  are  typically  able  to  resume  normal  operations  the  next  day.    Any  scheduled  or  unscheduled  downtime  may  result  in  lost  margin
opportunity,  increased  maintenance  expense  and  a  build-up  of  refined  petroleum  products  inventory,  which  could  reduce  our  ability  to  meet  our  payment
obligations.

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  the  Nixon  Facility  operated  for  a  total  of  348  days,  reflecting  17  days  of  refinery  downtime.    For  the  year  ended
December  31,  2016,  the  Nixon  Facility  operated  for  a  total  of  291  days,  reflecting  75  days  of  refinery  downtime.  The  significant  amount  of  refinery  downtime
during  2016  was  primarily  the  result  of  significant  under-delivery  of  crude  oil  and  condensate  by  GEL,  which  resulted  in  59  of  the  75  days  of  refinery
downtime.    (See  “Part  I,  Item  3.  Legal  Proceedings”  and  “Part  II,  Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data  –  Note  (19)  Commitments  and
Contingencies – Legal Matters” for disclosures related to the GEL contract-related dispute and Final Arbitration Award.)

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We may have capital needs for which our internally generated cash flows and other sources of liquidity may not be adequate.  Further, LEH and its
affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll) may, but are not required to, fund our working capital requirements in the event our internally generated cash
flows and other sources of liquidity are inadequate.

If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows or otherwise secure sufficient liquidity to support our short-term and long-term capital requirements, we may
not be able to meet our payment obligations or pursue our business strategies, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or
liquidity.    Currently,  we  rely  on  revenue  from  operations,  including  sales  of  refined  petroleum  products  and  rental  of  petroleum  storage  tanks,  LEH  and  its
affiliates  (including  Jonathan  Carroll),  and  borrowings  under  bank  facilities  to  meet  our  liquidity  needs.  At  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  accounts  payable,
related party was $974,400 and $369,600, respectively.

In the event our working capital requirements are inadequate, or we are otherwise unable to secure sufficient liquidity to support our short term and/or long-term
capital requirements, we may not be able to meet our payment obligations, comply with certain deadlines related to environmental regulations and standards, or
pursue our business strategies, any of which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or liquidity. Our short-term working capital needs
are  primarily  related  to  acquisition  of  crude  oil  and  condensate  to  operate  the  Nixon  Facility,  repayment  of  debt  obligations,  and  capital  expenditures  for
maintenance, upgrades, and refurbishment of equipment at the Nixon Facility. Our long-term working capital needs are primarily related to repayment of long-
term debt obligations. Our liquidity will affect our ability to satisfy all these needs.

Our business may suffer if any of the executive officers or other key personnel discontinue employment with us. Furthermore, a shortage of skilled
labor or disruptions in our labor force may make it difficult for us to maintain productivity.

Our  future  success  depends  on  the  services  of  the  executive  officers  and  other  key  personnel  and  on  our  continuing  ability  to  recruit,  train  and  retain  highly
qualified  personnel  in  all  areas  of  our  operations.    Furthermore,  our  operations  require  skilled  and  experienced  personnel  with  proficiency  in  multiple
tasks.  Competition for skilled personnel with industry-specific experience is intense, and the loss of these executives or personnel could harm our business. If
any of these executives or other key personnel resign or become unable to continue in their present roles and are not adequately replaced, our business could
be materially adversely affected.

Loss of market share by a key customer or consolidation among our customer base that could harm our operating results.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we had 3 customers that accounted for approximately 70% of our refined petroleum product sales.  LEH was 1 of these
3 significant customers and accounted for approximately 33% of our refined petroleum product sales.  At December 31, 2017, these 3 customers represented
approximately  $1.3  million  in  accounts  receivable.    LEH  represented  approximately  $0.7  million  in  accounts  receivable.    LEH,  which  is  HUBZone  certified,
purchases our jet fuel and resells the jet fuel to a government agency.  (See “Part I, Item 1. Business – Management” and “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements
and Supplementary Data – Note (8) Related Party Transactions, Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net, and Note (19) Commitments and Contingencies – Financing
Agreements” for additional disclosures related to LEH.)

For the year ended December 31, 2016, we had 4 customers that accounted for approximately 67% of our refined petroleum product sales.  LEH was one of
these  4  significant  customers  and  accounted  for  approximately  27%  of  our  refined  petroleum  product  sales.  At  December  31,  2016,  these  4  customers
represented approximately $1.6 million in accounts receivable.  LEH represented approximately $1.6 million in accounts receivable.
Our customers have a variety of suppliers to choose from and therefore can make substantial demands on us, including demands on product pricing and on
contractual terms, which often results in the allocation of risk to us as the supplier. Our ability to maintain strong relationships with our principal customers is
essential to our future performance. Our operating results could be harmed if a key customer is lost, reduces their order quantity, requires us to reduce our prices,
is acquired by a competitor, or suffers financial hardship.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

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Additionally, our profitability could be adversely affected if there is consolidation among our customer base and our customers command increased leverage in
negotiating prices and other terms of sale. We could decide not to sell our refined petroleum products to a certain customer if, because of increased leverage,
the customer pressures us to reduce our pricing such that our gross profits are diminished, which could result in a decrease in our revenue. Consolidation may
also lead to reduced demand for our products, replacement of our products by the combined entity with those of our competitors, and cancellations of orders,
each of which could harm our operating results.

The sale of refined petroleum products to the wholesale market is our primary business, and if we fail to maintain and grow the market share of our
refined petroleum products, our operating results could suffer.

Our success in the wholesale market depends in large part on our ability to maintain and grow our image and reputation as a reliable operator and to expand into
and gain market acceptance of our refined petroleum products. Adverse perceptions of product quality, whether justified, or allegations of product quality issues,
even if false or unfounded, could tarnish our reputation and cause our wholesale customers to choose refined petroleum products offered by our competitors.

We are dependent on third-parties for the transportation of crude oil and condensate into and refined petroleum products out of our Nixon Facility,
and if these third-parties become unavailable to us, our ability to process crude oil and condensate and sell refined petroleum products to wholesale
markets could be materially and adversely affected.

We rely on trucks for the receipt of crude oil and condensate into and the sale of refined petroleum products out of our Nixon Facility. Since we do not own or
operate any of these trucks, their continuing operation is not within our control. If any of the third-party trucking companies that we use, or the trucking industry in
general, become unavailable to transport crude oil, condensate, and/or our refined petroleum products because of acts of God, accidents, government regulation,
terrorism or other events, our revenue and net income would be materially and adversely affected.

Our suppliers source a substantial amount, if not all, of our crude oil and condensate from the Eagle Ford Shale and may experience interruptions of
supply from that region.

Our suppliers source a substantial amount, if not all, of our crude oil and condensate from the Eagle Ford Shale. Consequently, we may be disproportionately
exposed to the impact of delays or interruptions of supply from that region caused by transportation capacity constraints, curtailment of production, unavailability
of equipment, facilities, personnel or services, significant governmental regulation, natural disasters, adverse weather conditions, plant closures for scheduled
maintenance or interruption of transportation of oil or natural gas produced from the wells in that area.

Our refining operations and customers are primarily located within the Eagle Ford Shale and changes in the supply/demand balance in this region
could result in lower refining margins.

Our primary operating asset, the Nixon Facility, is in the Eagle Ford Shale and we market our refined petroleum products in a single, relatively limited geographic
area.  Therefore,  we  are  more  susceptible  to  regional  economic  conditions  than  our  more  geographically  diversified  competitors.    Should  the  supply/demand
balance shift in our region due to changes in the local economy, an increase in refining capacity or other reasons, resulting in supply in the PADD 3 (Gulf Coast)
region to exceed demand, we would have to deliver refined petroleum products to customers outside of our current operating region and thus incur considerably
higher transportation costs, resulting in lower refining margins.

Regulation of GHG emissions could increase our operational costs and reduce demand for our products.

Continued  political  focus  on  climate  change,  human  activities  contributing  to  the  release  of  large  amounts  of  carbon  dioxide  and  other  GHGs  into  the
atmosphere,  and  potential  mitigation  through  regulation  could  have  a  material  impact  on  our  operations  and  financial  results.    International  agreements  and
federal,  state  and  local  regulatory  measures  to  limit  GHG  emissions  are  currently  in  various  stages  of  discussion  and  implementation.  These  and  other  GHG
emissions-related  laws,  policies,  and  regulations  may  result  in  substantial  capital,  compliance,  operating,  and  maintenance  costs.  The  level  of  expenditure
required to comply with these laws and regulations is uncertain and is expected to vary depending on the laws enacted in each jurisdiction, our activities in the
particular  jurisdiction,  and  market  conditions.  The  effect  of  regulation  on  our  financial  performance  will  depend  on  many  factors  including,  among  others,  the
sectors covered, the GHG emissions reductions required by law, the extent to which we would be entitled to receive emission allowance allocations, our ability to
acquire compliance related equipment, the price and availability of emission allowances and credits, and our ability to recover incurred regulatory compliance
costs  through  the  pricing  of  our  products.  Material  price  increases  or  incentives  to  conserve  or  use  alternative  energy  sources  could  also  reduce  demand  for
products we currently sell and adversely affect our sales volumes, revenues and margins.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Risks Related to Our Pipelines and Oil and Gas Properties

Requests  by  the  BOEM  to  increase  bonds  or  other  sureties  to  maintain  compliance  with  the  BOEM’s  regulations  could  significantly  impact  our
liquidity and financial condition.

To cover the various obligations of lessees on the Outer Continental Shelf, such as the cost to plug and abandon wells and decommission and remove platforms
and pipelines at the end of production, the BOEM generally requires that lessees demonstrate financial strength and reliability per regulations or post bonds or
other acceptable assurances that such obligations will be satisfied.

The  BOEM  requested  that  BDPL  provide  additional  supplemental  bonds  or  acceptable  financial  assurance  of  approximately  $4.6  million  related  to  five  (5)
existing pipeline rights-of-way. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, BDPL maintained approximately $0.9 million in credit and cash-backed pipeline rights-of-way
bonds  issued  to  the  BOEM.    Of  the  five  (5)  existing  pipeline  rights-of-ways  related  to  BOEM’s  request,  the  pipeline  associated  with  one  (1)  right-of-way  was
decommissioned in 1997. The BSEE approved BDPL permit requests to decommission in place the pipelines for three (3) of these rights-of-way.  As a result,
management is seeking a reduction in the amount of BOEM’s request for additional financial assurance.  There can be no assurance that the BOEM will accept a
reduced amount of supplemental financial assurance or not require additional supplemental pipeline bonds related to our existing pipeline rights-of-way.  If BDPL
is required by the BOEM to provide significant additional supplemental bonds or acceptable financial assurance, we may experience a significant and material
adverse effect on our operations, liquidity, and financial condition.

More stringent requirements imposed by the BOEM and the BSEE related to the decommissioning, plugging, and abandonment of wells, platforms,
and pipelines could materially increase our estimate of future AROs.

The BOEM has established a more stringent regimen for the timely decommissioning of what is known as “idle iron” – wells, platforms, and pipelines that are no
longer  producing  or  serving  exploration  or  support  functions  related  to  an  operator’s  lease.    Any  well  that  has  not  been  used  during  the  past  five  years  for
exploration or production on active leases and is no longer capable of producing in paying quantities must be permanently plugged or temporarily abandoned
within  three  years.  Plugging  or  abandonment  of  wells  may  be  delayed  by  two  years  if  all  the  well’s  hydrocarbon  and  sulfur  zones  are  appropriately  isolated.
Similarly, platforms or other facilities which are no longer useful for operations must be removed within five years of the cessation of operations. The triggering of
these plugging, abandonment, and removal activities under what may be viewed as an accelerated schedule in comparison to historical decommissioning efforts
could cause an increase, perhaps materially, in our future plugging, abandonment, and removal costs, which may translate into a need to increase our estimate
of future AROs.

Although management has used its best efforts to determine future AROs, assumptions and estimates can be influenced by many factors beyond management’s
control. Such factors include, but are not limited to, changes in regulatory requirements, changes in costs for abandonment related services and technologies,
which could increase or decrease based on supply and demand, and/or extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, which may cause structural or other
damage  to  pipeline  and  related  assets  and  oil  and  gas  properties.  At  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  our  estimated  future  asset  retirement  obligations  were
approximately $2.3 million.  See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (11) Asset Retirement Obligations” of this Annual Report
for additional information regarding asset retirement obligations.

ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

LEH manages and operates all Blue dolphin properties pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.  Management believes that our properties
are generally adequate for our operations and are maintained in a good state of repair in the ordinary course of business.  Following is a summary of our principal
facilities and assets:

Property

Operating Subsidiary

Owned / Leased

Location

Refinery Operations

● Nixon Facility (56 acres)

Corporate and Other

● Freeport Facility (162 acres)

LE, LRM

BDPL

owned

owned

Nixon, Texas

Freeport, Texas

● Pipelines and oil and gas working interests in

wells

BDPL, BDPC

Owned and leasehold interests

Gulf of Mexico

● Corporate headquarters

BDSC

leased

Houston, Texas

Nixon Facility. See “Part I, Item 1. Business – Company Overview and Refinery Operations” for a description of the Nixon Facility. The Nixon Facility is pledged
as collateral under certain of our long-term debt as discussed in “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (10) Long-Term Debt,
Net”.

Freeport Facility. The Freeport Facility includes pipeline easements and rights-of-way, crude oil and natural gas separation and dehydration facilities, a vapor
recovery unit and two onshore pipelines. The two onshore pipelines consist of approximately 4 miles of the 20-inch Blue Dolphin Pipeline and a 16-inch natural
gas pipeline that connects the Freeport Facility to the Dow Chemical Plant Complex in Freeport, Texas.  In February 2017, BDPL sold approximately 15 acres of
property located in Brazoria County, Texas to FLIQ Common Facilities, LLC, an affiliate of FLNG.

Pipelines and Oil and Gas Assets . The following provides a summary of our pipeline and oil and gas assets, all of which are in the Gulf of Mexico:

Pipeline

Ownership

Miles

100%    
100%    
100%    

38 
13 
18 

Natural Gas
Capacity
(MMcf/d)

180 
65 
110 

Blue Dolphin Pipeline (1)
GA 350 Pipeline (1)
Omega Pipeline (2)
_____________________
(1)   Currently inactive.
(2)   Currently abandoned in place.

● Blue Dolphin Pipeline – The Blue Dolphin Pipeline consists of 16-inch and 20-inch offshore pipeline segments, including a trunk line and lateral lines, that run

from an offshore anchor platform in Galveston Area Block 288 to our Freeport Facility;

● GA 350 Pipeline – The GA 350 Pipeline is an 8-inch offshore pipeline extending from Galveston Area Block 350 to a subsea interconnect and tie-in with a

transmission pipeline in Galveston Area Block 391; and

● Omega Pipeline – The Omega Pipeline is a 12-inch offshore pipeline that originates in the High Island Area, East Addition Block A-173 and extends to West

Cameron Block 342, where it was previously connected to the High Island Offshore System.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Management  performed  periodic  impairment  testing  of  our  pipeline  and  facilities  assets  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2016.  Upon  completion  of  that  testing,  we
recorded  an  impairment  expense  of  $968,684  related  to  our  pipeline  assets  at  December  31,  2016.    All  pipeline  transportation  services  to  third-parties  have
ceased,  existing  third-party  wells  along  our  pipeline  corridor  have  been  permanently  abandoned,  and  no  new  third-party  wells  are  being  drilled  near  our
pipelines.  However, management believes our pipeline assets have future value based on large-scale, third-party production facility expansion projects near the
pipelines.

Oil  and  gas  properties  include  a  2.5%  working  interest  and  a  2.008%  net  revenue  interest  in  High  Island  Block  115,  a  0.5%  overriding  royalty  interest  in
Galveston Area Block 321, and a 2.88% working interest and 2.246% net revenue interest in High Island Block 37.  Our oil and gas properties had no production
during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  and  all  leases  associated  with  our  oil  and  gas  properties  have  expired.    Accordingly,  our  oil  and  gas
properties were fully impaired in 2011.

Corporate  Headquarters.  We  lease  7,675  square  feet  of  office  space  in  Houston,  Texas.  Our  office  lease  is  discussed  more  fully  in  “Part  II,  Item  8.  Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (15) Leases” of this Annual Report.

ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

GEL Contract-Related Dispute and Final Arbitration Award

As previously disclosed, LE was involved in the GEL Arbitration with GEL, an affiliate of Genesis, related to a contractual dispute involving the Crude Supply
Agreement and the Joint Marketing Agreement, each between LE and GEL and dated August 12, 2011.  On August 11, 2017, the arbitrator delivered the Final
Arbitration  Award.    The  Final  Arbitration  Award  denied  all  LE’s  claims  against  GEL  and  granted  substantially  all  the  relief  requested  by  GEL  in  its
counterclaims.  Among other matters, the Final Arbitration Award awarded damages and GEL’s attorneys’ fees and related expenses to GEL in the aggregate
amount of approximately $31.3 million.

As previously disclosed, a hearing on confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award was scheduled to occur on September 18, 2017 in state district court in Harris
County, Texas. Prior to the scheduled hearing, LE and GEL jointly notified the court that the hearing would be continued for the Continuance Period to facilitate
settlement discussions between the parties. On September 26, 2017, LE and Blue Dolphin, together with LEH and Jonathan Carroll, entered into the GEL Letter
Agreement,  confirming  the  parties’  agreement  to  the  continuation  of  the  confirmation  hearing  during  the  Continuance  Period,  subject  to  the  terms  of  the  GEL
Letter Agreement.

The  GEL  Letter  Agreement  has  been  amended  to  extend  the  Continuance  Period  through  April  30,  2018.    The  GEL  Letter  Agreement,  as  amended  to  date,
prohibits Blue Dolphin and its affiliates from making any pre-payments on indebtedness, other than in the ordinary course of business as described in the GEL
Letter Agreement, and from making any payments to Jonathan Carroll under the Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements between November 1, 2017
and the end of the Continuance Period.  (Jonathan Carroll has received no cash payments since August 2016 and no common stock payments since May 2017
under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee  Agreements.)    If  the  parties  are  unable  to  reach  an  acceptable  settlement  with  Genesis  and  GEL,  and  GEL
seeks to confirm and enforce the Final Arbitration Award against LE, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially affected, and LE
would likely be required to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

Other Legal Matters

From  time  to  time  we  are  involved  in  routine  lawsuits,  claims,  and  proceedings  incidental  to  the  conduct  of  our  business,  including  mechanic’s  liens  and
administrative proceedings.  Management does not believe that such matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, earnings, or cash flows.

ITEM 4.  MINE AND SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

PART II

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our Common Stock currently trades on the OTCQX U.S. tier of the OTC Markets under the ticker symbol “BDCO."  The following table sets forth, for the periods
indicated, the high and low bid prices for our Common Stock as reported by the OTC Markets. The quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without adjustment for
retail mark-ups, markdowns or commissions and may not represent actual transactions.

Quarter Ended

2017

December 31
September 30
June 30
March 31

2016

December 31
September 30
June 30
March 31

Stockholders

High

Low

  $
  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $
  $

0.90 
1.77 
2.75 
4.00 

  $
  $
  $
  $

3.90 
4.10 
4.30 
5.01 

  $
  $
  $
  $

0.06 
0.02 
1.25 
3.00 

2.62 
1.69 
4.00 
3.60 

At April 2, 2018, we had 271 record holders of our Common Stock. We have approximately 3,000 beneficial holders of our Common Stock.

Dividends

Under certain of our secured loan agreements, we are restricted from declaring or paying any dividend on our Common Stock without the prior written consent of
the lender.  We have not declared any dividends on our Common Stock during the last two fiscal years.

ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Not applicable.

Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You  should  read  the  following  discussion  together  with  the  financial  statements  and  the  notes  thereto  included  elsewhere  in  this  Annual  Report.
This  discussion  contains  forward-looking  statements  that  are  based  on  management’s  current  expectations,  estimates,  and  projections  about  our
business  and  operations.  The  cautionary  statements  made  in  this  Annual  Report  should  be  read  as  applying  to  all  related  forward-looking
statements wherever they appear in this Annual Report. Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in
such forward-looking statements due to many factors, including those we discuss under “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual
Report. You should read such risk factors and forward-looking statements in this Annual Report.

Company Overview

See “Part I, Item 1. Business” for detailed information related to our business and operations.

Major Influences on Results of Operations

As a margin-based business, our refinery operations are primarily affected by gross margin per bbl, product slate, and refinery downtime.

Price Differentials per Bbl

The per bbl price of crude oil and condensate (input) and refined petroleum products (output) are the most significant driver of margins, and they have historically
been  subject  to  wide  fluctuations.  Our  per  bbl  cost  to  acquire  crude  oil  and  condensate  and  the  per  bbl  price  for  which  our  refined  petroleum  products  are
ultimately sold depend on the economics of supply and demand. Supply and demand are affected by numerous factors, most, if not all, of which are beyond our
control, including:

● Domestic and foreign market conditions, political affairs, and economic developments;

● Import supply levels and export opportunities;

● Existing domestic inventory levels;

● Operating and production levels of competing refineries;

● Expansion and/or upgrades of competitors’ facilities;

● Governmental regulations (e.g., mandated renewable fuels standards, proposed climate change laws and regulations, and increased mileage standards for

vehicles);

● Weather conditions;

● Availability of and access to transportation infrastructure;

● Availability of competing fuels (e.g., renewables); and

● Seasonal fluctuations.

For the year ended December 31, 2017 (the “Current Year”), gross margin per bbl was $3.98 compared to $1.67 for the year ended December 31, 2016 (the
“Prior  Year”),  reflecting  an  increase  of  $2.31.  Our  gross  profit  increased  from  $6,140,790  in  the  Prior  Year  to  $17,344,629  in  the  Current  Year,  reflecting  an
increase of $11,203,839.  The increase between the periods was because of improved margins on refined petroleum products and increased sales volume.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Product Slate

Management periodically determines whether to change the Nixon Facility’s product mix, as well as maintain, increase, or decrease inventory levels based on
various factors.  These factors include the crude oil pricing market in the U.S. Gulf Coast region, the refined petroleum products market in the same region, the
relationship between these two markets, fulfilling contract demands, and other factors that may impact our operations, financial condition, and cash flows.

Refinery Downtime

The safe and reliable operation of the Nixon Facility is key to our financial performance and results of operations, and we are particularly vulnerable to disruptions
in  our  operations  because  all  our  refining  operations  are  conducted  at  a  single  facility.  Although  operating  at  anticipated  levels,  the  Nixon  Facility  is  still  in  a
recommissioning phase and may require unscheduled downtime for unanticipated reasons, including maintenance and repairs, voluntary regulatory compliance
measures, or cessation or suspension by regulatory authorities.

Occasionally, the Nixon Facility experiences a temporary shutdown due to power outages from high winds and thunderstorms. In such cases, we must initiate a
standard refinery start-up process, which can last several days. We are typically able to resume normal operations the next day.  Any scheduled or unscheduled
downtime may result in lost margin opportunity, increased maintenance expense and a build-up of refined petroleum products inventory, which could reduce our
ability to meet our payment obligations.

Key Relationships

Relationship with LEH

Blue Dolphin and certain of its subsidiaries are currently party to a variety of agreements with LEH.  Related party agreements with LEH include: (i) an Amended
and Restated Operating Agreement with Blue Dolphin and LE, (ii) a Jet Fuel Sales Agreement with LE, (iii) a Loan and Security Agreement with BDPL, (iv) an
Amended and Restated Promissory Note with Blue Dolphin, and (v) a Debt Assumption Agreement with LE. In addition, we currently rely on advances from LEH
and its affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll) to fund our working capital requirements. There can be no assurances that LEH and its affiliates will continue to fund
our  working  capital  requirements.    (See  “Part  II,  Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data  –  Note  (8)  Related  Party  Transactions”  for  additional
disclosures related to agreements that we have in place with LEH and its affiliates.)

Relationship with Crude Supplier

Operation  of  the  Nixon  Facility  depends  on  our  ability  to  purchase  adequate  amounts  of  crude  oil  and  condensate  on  favorable  terms.    We  currently  have  in
place  a  month-to-month  evergreen  crude  supply  contract  with  a  major  integrated  oil  and  gas  company.    This  supplier  currently  provides  us  with  adequate
amounts of crude oil and condensate, and we expect the supplier to continue to do so for the foreseeable future.  However, our ability to purchase crude oil and
condensate is dependent on our liquidity and access to capital, which have been adversely affected by net losses, working capital deficits, the contract-related
dispute  with  GEL,  and  financial  covenant  defaults  in  secured  loan  agreements.    Management  believes  that  it  is  taking  the  appropriate  steps  to  improve
operations at the Nixon Facility and our overall financial stability.  If our business plan is unsuccessful, it could affect our ability to acquire adequate supplies of
crude oil and condensate under the existing contract or otherwise.  Further, because our existing crude supply contract is a month-to-month arrangement, there
can be no assurance that crude oil and condensate supplies will continue to be available under this contract in the future.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Results of Operations

Effective January 1, 2017, we began reporting a single business segment – Refinery Operations.  Business activities related to our Refinery Operations business
segment  are  conducted  at  the  Nixon  Facility.    Due  to  their  small  size,  amounts  associated  with  Pipeline  Transportation  operations  for  the  Current  Year  were
reclassified to Corporate and Other. Pipeline Transportation operations diminished significantly as services to third-parties ceased and third-party wells along our
pipeline corridor were permanently abandoned.

In this Results of Operations section, we review:

● Consolidated results (for our Refinery Operations business segment and Corporate and Other);

● Non-GAAP financial measures; and

● Refinery Operations business segment results.

Consolidated Results

Current Year Compared to Prior Year.

Total  Revenue  from  Operations.  For  the  Current  Year,  we  had  total  revenue  from  operations  of  $258,449,579  compared  to  total  revenue  from  operations  of
$167,855,316  for  the  Prior  Year,  an  increase  of  approximately  54%.    Approximately  64%  of  the  increase  between  the  periods  was  the  result  of  improved
margins for refined petroleum products while approximately 36% of the increase was due to increased sales volume.

Cost  of  Refined  Products  Sold.  Cost  of  refined  products  sold  was  $241,104,950  for  the  Current  Year  compared  to  $161,714,526  for  the  Prior  Year.    The
approximate 49% increase in cost of refined products sold was the result of higher crude oil prices and increased sales volume in the Current Year compared to
the Prior Year.

Gross  Profit.  For  the  Current  Year,  gross  profit  totaled  $17,344,629  compared  to  gross  profit  of  $6,140,790  for  the  Prior  Year.    The  $11,203,839  increase
between the periods related to improved margin for refined petroleum products and increased sales volume in the Current Year compared to the Prior Year.

Refinery  Operating  Expenses.    We  recorded  refinery  operating  expenses  of  $8,145,553  in  the  Current  Year  compared  to  $12,040,676  in  the  Prior  Year,  a
decrease of approximately 32%.  Refinery operating expenses per bbl of throughput were $1.81 in the Current Year compared to $3.35 in the Prior Year.  The
$1.54 decrease in refinery operating expenses per bbl of throughput between the periods was the result of: (i) significantly lower refinery operating expenses
under the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, which was restructured following cessation of crude supply and marketing activities under the Crude
Supply Agreement and Joint Marketing Agreement with GEL and (ii) a decrease in off-site tank leasing expense under an Amended and Restated Tank Lease
Agreement.  (See  “Part  II,  Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data  –  Note  (8)  Related  Party  Transactions”  for  additional  disclosures  related  to
components of refinery operating expenses, the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, and the Amended and Restated Tank Lease Agreement.)

JMA  Profit  Share.  For the Current Year, the JMA Profit Share was $0 compared to an expense of $359,260 for the Prior Year.  Elimination of the JMA Profit
Share between the periods was the result of cessation of marketing activities under the Joint Marketing Agreement.  (See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements
and Supplementary Data – Note (19) Commitments and Contingencies – Legal Matters” for further discussion related to the Joint Marketing Agreement, JMA
Profit Share, Gross Profits and the contract-related dispute with GEL.)

Arbitration Award and Associated Fees.  For the Current Year, we recorded $24,338,668 in expenses associated with the Final Arbitration Award.  There were
no such expenses in the Prior Year.

General and Administrative Expenses . We incurred general and administrative expenses of $4,021,962 in the Current Year compared to $2,708,594 in the Prior
Year.  The 51% increase in general and administrative expenses in the Current Year compared to the Prior Year primarily related to an increase in legal fees.
Legal fees, the majority of which were associated with the contract-related dispute with GEL, totaled $2,142,478 in the Current Year compared to $1,093,050 in
the Prior Year.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Depletion,  Depreciation  and  Amortization.    We  recorded  depletion,  depreciation  and  amortization  expenses  of  $1,810,134  in  the  Current  Year  compared  to
$1,935,644 in the Prior Year.  The approximate 6% decrease in depletion, depreciation and amortization expenses for the Current Year compared to the Prior
Year was primarily due to lower depreciation related to our pipeline assets, which were fully impaired in December 2016.

Impairment Expense.  Impairment expense totaled $303,346 for the Current Year compared to $968,684 for the Prior Year.  We fully impaired our trade name
intangible asset at December 31, 2017, resulting in the impairment expense of $303,346. The impairment expense in the Prior Year related to our pipeline fixed
assets.

Other Income (Expense).  Total other income (expense) was expense of $457,026 in the Current Year compared to income of $70,326 in the Prior Year.  During
the Current Year, a gain on the disposal of property was offset by an increase in working capital loan interest and lower easement income. In February 2017,
BDPL sold approximately 15 acres of property located in Brazoria County Texas to FLIQ Common Facilities, LLC, an affiliate of FLNG.  In conjunction with the
sale of real estate, the Master Easement Agreement was terminated.

Income  Tax  Benefit .    We  recognized  an  income  tax  benefit  of  $0  in  the  Current  Year  compared  to  an  income  tax  expense  of  $3,607,237  in  the  Prior
Year.  Income tax expense in the Prior Year primarily related to a full valuation allowance against deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2016. (See “Part II,
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (16) Income Taxes” for additional disclosures related to income taxes.)

Net Loss.  For the Current Year, we reported a net loss of $22,328,390, or loss of $2.09 per share, compared to a net loss of $15,767,448, or loss of $1.51 per
share, for the Prior Year. The $0.58 per share increase in net loss between the periods was the result of the Final Arbitration Award, which was partially offset
by improved margins for refined petroleum products and increased sales volume.  The amount expensed in the period related to the Final Arbitration Award was
$24,338,628, which represented $2.28 per share.  Excluding the Final Arbitration Award, we would have reported net income of $0.19 per share.

Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank

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EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our consolidated results, management uses EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measures, to help investors evaluate our ongoing operating results
and allow for greater transparency in reviewing our overall financial, operational and economic performance. EBITDA is reconciled to GAAP-based results below.
EBITDA should not be considered an alternative for GAAP results. EBITDA is provided to enhance an overall understanding of our financial performance for the
applicable periods and is an indicator management believes is relevant and useful. EBITDA may differ from similar calculations used by other companies within
the petroleum industry, thereby limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. (See “Part I, Item 1. Financial Statements” for comparative GAAP results.)

EBITDA Current Year Compared to Prior Year.

Refinery  Operations  EBITDA.  Refinery  operations  EBITDA  for  the  Current  Year  was  a  loss  of  $17,988,895  compared  to  a  loss  of  $7,919,750  for  the  Prior
Year.  The significant decrease in refinery operations EBITDA between the periods was the result of the Final Arbitration Award.

EBITDA Reconciliation to GAAP – Current Year Compared to Prior Year .

2017

Segment

2016

Segment

Years Ended December 31,

Refinery
Operations
  $ 258,449,579 
(252,099,846)
- 
- 
(24,338,628)
(17,988,895)

  $

  $

  $

Corporate &
Other

- 
(1,768,989)
1,912,905 
- 
- 
143,916 

Total
  $ 258,449,579 
(253,868,835)
1,912,905 
-
- 
(17,844,979)

  $

Refinery
Operations
  $ 167,780,326 
(175,340,816)
- 
(359,260)
-  
(7,919,750) 

  $

  $

  $

Corporate &
Other

74,990 
(2,450,133)
1,914,607 
- 
- 
(460,536) 

Total
  $ 167,855,316 
(177,790,949)
1,914,607 
(359,260)
-  
(8,380,286) 

  $

(1,810,134)
(2,673,277)

(22,328,390    

-

(1,935,644)
(1,844,281)

(12,160,211) 

(3,607,237)

  $

(22,328,390)

  $ (15,767,448) 

Revenue from operations
Less: cost of operations(1)
Other non-interest income(2)
Less: JMA Profit Share (3)
Less: Arbitration award(3)   

EBITDA

Depletion, depreciation and

amortization

Interest expense, net

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense

Net income

_____________________
(1) Operation  cost  within  the  Refinery  Operations  segment  includes  related  general  and  administrative  expenses.  Operation  cost  within  Corporate  and  Other
includes general and administrative expenses associated with corporate maintenance costs (such as accounting fees, director fees, and legal expense), as
well as expenses associated with our pipeline assets and oil and/or gas leasehold interests (such as accretion and impairment expenses).

(2) Other non-interest income reflects FLNG easement revenue.
(3) The JMA Profit Share represents the GEL Profit Share plus the Performance Fee for the period pursuant to the Joint Marketing Agreement, under which
marketing activities have ceased. (See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (1) Organization – Going Concern – Final GEL
Arbitration Award” for further discussion of the contract-related dispute with GEL.)

(4) Arbitration award reflects damages and GEL’s attorneys’ fees and related expenses awarded to GEL as part of the Final Arbitration Award.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Refinery Operations Business Segment Results

For  the  Current  Year,  gross  margin  per  bbl  was  $3.98  compared  to  $1.67  for  the  Prior  Year,  reflecting  an  increase  of  $2.31.  Our  gross  profit  increased  from
$6,140,790  in  the  Prior  Year  to  $17,344,629  in  the  Current  Year,  reflecting  an  increase  of  $11,203,839.    The  increase  between  the  periods  was  because  of
improved margins on refined petroleum products and increased sales volume.

Refinery Throughput and Production Data .

Following are refinery operational metrics for the Nixon Facility:

Calendar Days
Refinery downtime
Operating Days

Total refinery throughput (bbls)

Operating days:

bpd
Capacity utilization rate

Calendar days:

bpd
Capacity utilization rate

Total refinery production (bbls)

Operating days:

bpd
Capacity utilization rate

Calendar days:

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

365 
(17)
348 

366 
(75)
291 

4,488,658 

3,594,231 

12,898 

86.0%    

12,351 

82.3%

12,298 

82.0%    

9,820 

65.5%

4,352,745 

3,496,011 

12,508 

83.4%    

12,014 

80.1%

bpd
Capacity utilization rate
_____________________
Note:  The  small  difference  between  total  refinery  throughput  (volume  processed  as  input)  and  total  refinery  production  (volume  processed  as  output)
represents a combination of multiple factors including refinery fuel use, elimination of some impurities originally present in the crude oil, loss, and other
factors.

79.5%    

11,925 

63.7%

9,552 

In the Current Year, the Nixon Facility experienced 17 days of refinery downtime related to throughput management, repairs, and Hurricane Harvey.  In the Prior
Year, the Nixon Facility experienced 75 days of refinery downtime primarily due to the contract-related dispute with GEL. Total refinery throughput bbls and total
refinery  production  bbls  increased  approximately  25%  in  the  Current  Year  compared  to  the  Prior  Year  because  of  improved  refinery  uptime  associated  with
crude oil and condensate delivery.

Refined Petroleum Product Sales Summary.

See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note (14) Concentration of Risk” for a discussion of refined petroleum product sales.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Refined Petroleum Products Economic Hedges.

During 2017, we began selling certain of our refined petroleum products immediately following production, which minimizes inventory, improves cash flow, and
reduces commodity risk/exposure.  Previously, Genesis/GEL used commodity futures contracts to mitigate the volatile change in value for certain of our refined
petroleum products inventory.

We had no open commodity contracts in the Current Year.  For the Prior Year, our refinery operations business segment recognized a loss of $2,629,298 on
settled transactions and a gain of $183,400 on the change in value of open contracts from December 31, 2015 to December 31, 2016.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview.

Historically, we relied on the profit share distribution and operations payments under a Joint Marketing Agreement with GEL, as well as LEH, to fund our liquidity
needs.    As  disclosed  elsewhere  in  this  Annual  Report,  beginning  in  the  second  quarter  of  2016,  LE  experienced  an  adverse  change  in  its  relationship  with
Genesis/GEL  involving  a  contract-related  dispute.    This  shift  in  the  relationship  negatively  affected  our  customer  relationships,  prevented  us  from  taking
advantage of business opportunities, disrupted refinery operations, diverted management’s focus away from running the business, and impacted our ability to
obtain financing.  Combined with decreased commodity prices throughout 2016, our resultant financial state raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue
as a going concern, which, in conjunction with the Final Arbitration Award, has continued into 2018.  (As discussed elsewhere within this “Liquidity and Capital
Resources” section, management has determined that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern due to consecutive quarterly net
losses, inadequate working capital, the Final Arbitration Award, crude supply issues tied to access to capital, and defaults under secured loan agreements. See
“Part I, Item 1. Business – Going Concern,” “Part I, Item 1. Business -- Operating Risks,” and “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data –
Note (1) Organization – Going Concern” for additional disclosures related to the contract-related dispute with GEL, the Final Arbitration Award, the GEL Letter
Agreement (as amended), defaults under secured loan agreements, and going concern.)

Currently,  we  rely  on  revenue  from  operations,  LEH  and  its  affiliates  (including  Jonathan  Carroll),  and  borrowings  under  bank  facilities  to  meet  our  liquidity
needs.    Primary  uses  of  cash  include:  (i)  reimbursement  of  LEH  for  refinery  operating  expenses  under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Operating  Agreement,  (ii)
payments on long-term debt and the Final Arbitration Award, and (iii) purchase of crude oil and condensate.

During  the  Current  Year,  we  continued  aggressive  actions  to  improve  operations  and  liquidity.  We  began  selling  certain  of  our  refined  petroleum  products
immediately following production, which minimizes inventory, improves cash flow, and reduces commodity risk/exposure. We completed construction on several
new  petroleum  storage  tanks  at  the  Nixon  Facility.  Increased  petroleum  storage  capacity:  (i)  assists  with  de-bottlenecking  the  facility,  (ii)  supports  increased
refinery throughput up to approximately 30,000 bpd, and (iii) provides an opportunity to generate additional tank rental revenue by leasing to third-parties. We
also  reduced  our  working  capital  requirements  in  a  rising  cost  environment  by  decreasing  costs,  reducing  inventory  levels,  improving  our  sales  cycle,  and
requiring pre-payments from certain customers.  Management believes that it is taking the appropriate steps to improve operations at the Nixon Facility and our
overall financial stability. However, there can be no assurance that our business plan will be successful, LEH and its affiliates will continue to fund our working
capital needs, or that we will be able to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all.  Among other factors, the Final Arbitration Award
could prevent us from successfully executing our business plan.

39

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Crude Oil and Condensate Supply .

Operation  of  the  Nixon  Facility  depends  on  our  ability  to  purchase  adequate  amounts  of  crude  oil  and  condensate  on  favorable  terms.    We  currently  have  in
place  a  month-to-month  evergreen  crude  supply  contract  with  a  major  integrated  oil  and  gas  company.    This  supplier  currently  provides  us  with  adequate
amounts of crude oil and condensate, and we expect the supplier to continue to do so for the foreseeable future.  However, our ability to purchase crude oil and
condensate is dependent on our liquidity and access to capital, which have been adversely affected by net losses, working capital deficits, the contract-related
dispute with GEL, and financial covenant defaults in secured loan agreements.

Management believes that it is taking the appropriate steps to improve operations at the Nixon Facility and our overall financial stability.  However, there can be
no assurance that our business plan will be successful, LEH and its affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll) will continue to fund our working capital needs, or that
we will be able to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all.  If our business plan is unsuccessful, it could affect our ability to acquire
adequate supplies of crude oil and condensate under the existing contract or otherwise.  Among other factors, the Final Arbitration Award could prevent us from
successfully executing our business plan and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to procure adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate from
our current supplier or otherwise.  Further, because our existing crude supply contract is a month-to-month arrangement, there can be no assurance that crude
oil and condensate supplies will continue to be available under this contract in the future.

Cash Flow.

Our cash flow from operations for the periods indicated was as follows:

Beginning cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

Cash flow from operations

Adjusted loss from operations
Change in assets and current liabilities

Total cash flow from operations

Cash inflows (outflows)

Proceeds from issuance of debt
Payments on debt
Net activity on related-party debt
Capital expenditures

Total cash inflows (outflows)

Total change in cash flows

Years Ended December 31,

2017
6,082,768 

  $

2016

  $

20,645,652 

(19,657,847)
14,714,278 

(9,257,921)
5,378,581 

(4,943,569)

(3,879,340)

3,677,953 
(1,364,031)
1,124,803 
(2,431,701)

7,118,969 
(3,701,616)
- 
(14,100,897)

1,007,024 

(10,683,544)

(3,936,545)

(14,562,884)

Ending cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

  $

2,146,223 

  $

6,082,768 

For the Current Year, we experienced negative cash flow from operations of $4,943,569 compared to negative cash flow from operations of $3,879,340 for the
Prior Year. The $1,064,229 decline in cash flow from operations between the periods was primarily the result of expenses related to the Final Arbitration Award.

40

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Working Capital.

For the Current Year, net cash provided by financing activities totaled $3,438,725 compared to net cash provided by financing activities totaling $3,417,353 for
the Prior Year.  Working capital provided by financing activities represented advances from LEH and its affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll) under promissory
notes.  (See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (8) Related Party Transactions and Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net,” as well
as “Contractual Obligations – Related Party” within the Liquidity and Capital Resources section for additional disclosures with respect to related party promissory
notes.)

We had a working capital deficit of $69,512,829 at December 31, 2017 compared to a working capital deficit of $37,812,263 at December 31, 2016. Excluding
long-term  debt,  we  had  a  working  capital  deficit  of  $29,968,427  at  December  31,  2017,  compared  to  a  working  capital  deficit  of  $5,599,927  at  December  31,
2016. The significant increase in working capital deficit between the periods primarily related to the Final Arbitration Award and a decrease in cash and cash
equivalents.

As discussed elsewhere within this “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section, the contract-related dispute with GEL and the Final Arbitration Award has affected
our ability to obtain working capital through financing.  Although LE is currently in settlement discussions with GEL, we expect this to continue for the foreseeable
future.  We currently rely on LEH and its affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll) to fund our working capital requirements.  There can be no assurance that LEH
and its affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll) will continue to fund our working capital requirements.

Capital Spending.

Capital  improvements  primarily  relate  to  construction  of  new  petroleum  storage  tanks  to  add  to  existing  petroleum  storage  capacity.  Since  2015,  the  Nixon
Facility has been undergoing a capital improvement expansion project to construct over 800,000 bbls of petroleum storage tankage.  During the Current Year,
we completed several new tanks for which construction began during 2016. Increased petroleum storage capacity: (i) assists with de-bottlenecking the facility,
(ii) supports increased refinery throughput up to approximately 30,000 bpd, and (iii) provides an opportunity to generate additional tank rental revenue by leasing
to third-parties.  Due to the Final Arbitration Award, capital spending in the Current Year was minimal.

Capital expenditures at the Nixon Facility are being funded by Veritex through long-term debt that was secured in 2015.  Available funds under these loans are
reflected  in  restricted  cash  (current  and  non-current  portions)  on  our  consolidated  balance  sheets.    Restricted  cash  (current  portion)  represents  funds  to  pay
outstanding  construction  invoices  and  to  fund  construction  contingencies.    Restricted  cash  (current  portion)  totaled  $48,980  and  $3,347,835  at  December  31,
2017  and  2016,  respectively.    Restricted  cash,  non-current  represents  funds  held  in  our  disbursement  account  with  Veritex  to  complete  construction  of  new
petroleum storage tanks. Restricted cash, noncurrent totaled $1,601,947 and $1,582,305 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Total capital expenditures for the periods indicated were as follows:

Capital expenditures financed by:
Cash disbursements
Accounts payable(1)

December 31,    

2017

2016

  $

  $

2,431,701 
1,650,910 
4,082,611 

  $

  $

14,100,897 
2,286,082 
16,386,979 

_____________________
(1)   Represents construction-related vendor invoices awaiting payment from the loan disbursement account.

See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net” for additional disclosures related to borrowings for capital
spending.

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EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Contractual Obligations.

Related Party.  See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (8) Related Party Transactions” for a summary of the agreements we
have in place with related parties.

GEL.  See “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors,” as well as “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (1) Organization – Going Concern –
Final GEL Arbitration Award” for disclosures related to the contract-related dispute with GEL and the Final Arbitration Award.

Supplemental  Pipeline  Bonds.    See  “Part  II,  Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data  –  Note  (1)  Organization  –  Going  Concern  –  Final  GEL
Arbitration  Award  and  Note  (19)  Commitments  and  Contingencies  –  Supplemental  Pipeline  Bonds”  for  a  discussion  of  supplemental  pipeline  bonding
requirements.

Indebtedness.

The principal balances outstanding on our long-term debt, net (including related party) for the periods indicated were as follow:

First Term Loan Due 2034 (in default)
Second Term Loan Due 2034 (in default)
Notre Dame Debt (in default)
LEH Loan Agreement
March Ingleside Note
March Carroll Note
Term Loan Due 2017
Capital Leases

Less: Current portion of long-term debt, net

Less: Unamoritized debt issue costs

  $

 December 31,  

  $

2017

23,199,031 
9,501,930 
4,977,953 
4,000,000 
1,168,748 
439,733 
- 
- 
43,287,395 

2016

23,924,607 
9,729,853 
1,300,000 
4,000,000 
722,278 
592,412 
184,994 
135,879 
40,590,023 

(39,544,402)

(32,212,336)

(2,134,512)

(2,262,997)

  $

1,608,481 

  $

6,114,690 

Payments on long-term debt totaled $1,364,031 in the Current Year compared to $3,701,616 in the Prior Year.

As described elsewhere in this Annual Report, Veritex notified obligors that the Final Arbitration Award constitutes an event of default under the First Term Loan
Due 2034 and Second Term Loan Due 2034.  In addition to existing events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award, at December 31, 2017, LE and LRM
were in violation of the debt service coverage ratio, the current ratio, and debt to net worth ratio financial covenants related to the secured loan agreements.  LE
also  failed  to  replenish  a  payment  reserve  account  as  required.    The  occurrence  of  events  of  default  under  the  secured  loan  agreements  permits  Veritex  to
declare  the  amounts  owed  under  the  secured  loan  agreements  immediately  due  and  payable,  exercise  its  rights  with  respect  to  collateral  securing  obligors’
obligations under the loan agreements, and/or exercise any other rights and remedies available.  Veritex informed obligors that it is not currently exercising its
rights, privileges and remedies under the secured loan agreements considering the ongoing settlement discussions with GEL and the continuance of the hearing
on confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award and to allow Veritex to evaluate any proposed settlement agreement related to the Final Arbitration Award, which
would require Veritex’s approval.  However, Veritex expressly reserved all its rights, privileges and remedies related to events of default under the secured loan
agreements  and  informed  obligors  that  it  would  consider  a  final  confirmation  of  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  to  be  a  material  event  of  default  under  the  loan
agreements.    Any  exercise  by  Veritex  of  its  rights  and  remedies  under  the  secured  loan  agreements  would  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,
financial condition, and results of operations and would likely require us to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)   

 FORM 10-K 12/31/17

See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (1) Organization – Going Concern and Operating Risks, as well as Note (10) Long-
Term Debt, Net” for additional disclosures related to long-term debt financial covenant violations and events of default.

See  “Contractual  Obligations  –  Related  Party”  within  the  Liquidity  and  Capital  Resources  section  for  additional  disclosures  with  respect  to  related  party
indebtedness.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Policies

Long-Lived Assets.

Refinery  and  Facilities.  Management  expects  to  continue  making  improvements  to  the  Nixon  Facility  based  on  operation  needs  and  technological
advances.    Additions  to  refinery  and  facilities  assets  are  capitalized.  Expenditures  for  repairs  and  maintenance  are  expensed  as  incurred  and  included  as
operating expenses under the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.

We record refinery and facilities at cost less any adjustments for depreciation or impairment. Adjustment of the asset and the related accumulated depreciation
accounts  are  made  for  the  refinery  and  facilities  asset’s  retirement  and  disposal,  with  the  resulting  gain  or  loss  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations.  For financial reporting purposes, depreciation of refinery and facilities assets is computed using the straight-line method using an estimated useful
life of 25 years beginning when the refinery and facilities assets are placed in service.  As a result of the Final Arbitration Award, which represents a significant
adverse change that could affect the value of a long-lived asset, management performed potential impairment testing of our refinery and facilities assets in the
fourth  quarter  of  2017.  Upon  completion  of  that  testing,  we  determined  that  no  impairment  was  necessary  at  December  31,  2017.    We  did  not  record  any
impairment of our refinery and facilities assets for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Pipelines and Facilities Assets . Our pipelines and facilities are recorded at cost less any adjustments for depreciation or impairment.  Depreciation is computed
using  the  straight-line  method  over  estimated  useful  lives  ranging  from  10  to  22  years.  In  accordance  with  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”)
Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  guidance  on  accounting  for  the  impairment  or  disposal  of  long-lived  assets,  management  performed  periodic
impairment testing of our pipeline and facilities assets in the fourth quarter of 2016. Upon completion of that testing, our pipeline assets were fully impaired.  All
pipeline  transportation  services  to  third-parties  have  ceased,  existing  third-party  wells  along  our  pipeline  corridor  were  permanently  abandoned,  and  no  new
third-party  wells  are  being  drilled  near  our  pipelines.  However,  management  believes  our  pipeline  assets  have  future  value  based  on  large-scale,  third-party
production facility expansion projects near the pipelines.

Oil  and  Gas  Properties.  Our  oil  and  gas  properties  are  accounted  for  using  the  full-cost  method  of  accounting,  whereby  all  costs  associated  with  acquisition,
exploration and development of oil and gas properties, including directly related internal costs, are capitalized on a cost center basis.  Amortization of such costs
and estimated future development costs are determined using the unit-of-production method.  All leases associated with our oil and gas properties have expired,
and our oil and gas properties were fully impaired in 2011.

Construction in Progress. Construction in progress expenditures, which relate to construction and refurbishment activities at the Nixon Facility, are capitalized as
incurred. Depreciation begins once the asset is placed in service.

Revenue Recognition.

Refined  Petroleum  Products  Revenue.    Revenue  from  the  sale  of  refined  petroleum  products  is  recognized  when  sales  prices  are  fixed  or  determinable,
collectability is reasonably assured, and title passes. Title passage occurs when refined petroleum products are delivered in accordance with the terms of the
respective sales agreements, and customers assume the risk of loss when title is transferred.  Transportation, shipping and handling costs incurred are included
in cost of refined products sold. Excise and other taxes that are collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are not included in revenue.

43

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Tank Rental Revenue.  We lease petroleum storage tanks to third-parties.  Tank rental fees are invoiced monthly in accordance with the terms of the related
lease agreement.  Tank rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis as earned.

Inventory.

Our inventory primarily consists of refined petroleum products, crude oil and condensate, and chemicals.  Inventory is valued at lower of cost or net realizable
value with cost being determined by the average cost method, and net realizable value being determined based on estimated selling prices less any associated
delivery costs.  If the net realizable value of our refined petroleum products inventory declines to an amount less than our average cost, we record a write-down
of inventory and an associated adjustment to cost of refined products sold.

Asset Retirement Obligations.

FASB ASC guidance related to AROs requires that a liability for the discounted fair value of an ARO be recorded in the period in which it is incurred and the
corresponding cost capitalized by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. The liability is accreted towards its future value each period, and
the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. If the liability is settled for an amount other than the recorded amount, a gain or loss is
recognized.

Management  has  concluded  that  there  is  no  legal  or  contractual  obligation  to  dismantle  or  remove  the  refinery  and  facilities  assets.  Further,  management
believes that these assets have indeterminate lives under FASB ASC guidance for estimating AROs because dates or ranges of dates upon which we would
retire these assets cannot reasonably be estimated at this time. When a legal or contractual obligation to dismantle or remove the refinery and facility assets
arises  and  a  date  or  range  of  dates  can  reasonably  be  estimated  for  the  retirement  of  these  assets,  we  will  estimate  the  cost  of  performing  the  retirement
activities and record a liability for the fair value of that cost using present value techniques.

We  recorded  an  ARO  liability  related  to  future  asset  retirement  costs  associated  with  dismantling,  relocating  or  disposing  of  our  offshore  platform,  pipeline
systems and related onshore facilities, as well as plugging and abandoning wells and restoring land and sea beds. We developed these cost estimates for each
of  our  assets  based  upon  regulatory  requirements,  structural  makeup,  water  depth,  reservoir  characteristics,  reservoir  depth,  equipment  demand,  current
retirement procedures, and construction and engineering consultations.  Because these costs typically extend many years into the future, estimating future costs
are  difficult  and  require  management  to  make  judgments  that  are  subject  to  future  revisions  based  upon  numerous  factors,  including  changing  technology,
political, and regulatory environments. We review our assumptions and estimates of future abandonment costs on an annual basis.

Income Taxes.

We account for income taxes under FASB ASC guidance related to income taxes, which requires recognition of income taxes based on amounts payable with
respect  to  the  current  reporting  period  and  the  effects  of  deferred  taxes  for  the  expected  future  tax  consequences  of  events  that  have  been  included  in  our
financial  statements  or  tax  returns.    Under  this  method,  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  determined  based  on  the  differences  between  the  financial
accounting and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as well as for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which
the differences are expected to reverse.

As of each reporting date, management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, to determine the realizability of deferred tax assets.  Management
considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all the deferred tax assets will be realized, which is dependent upon the generation of future
taxable income prior to the expiration of any NOL carryforwards. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, management determined that cumulative losses incurred over
the  prior  three-year  period  provided  significant  objective  evidence  that  limited  the  ability  to  consider  other  subjective  evidence,  such  as  projections  for  future
growth. Based on this evaluation, we recorded a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

44

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

FASB  ASC  guidance  related  to  income  taxes  also  prescribes  a  recognition  threshold  and  measurement  attribute  for  the  financial  statement  recognition  and
measurement  of  a  tax  position  taken  or  expected  to  be  taken  in  a  tax  return,  as  well  as  guidance  on  de-recognition,  classification,  interest  and  penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosures, and transition.

See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note (16) Income Taxes” for further information related to income taxes.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

The  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  issues  an  Accounting  Standards  Update  (“ASU”)  to  communicate  changes  to  the  FASB  Accounting
Standards Codification, including changes to non-authoritative SEC content.  Recently adopted ASUs include:

ASU 2015-11,  Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. In July 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-11, which requires an entity to measure
inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  We adopted this accounting pronouncement effective January 1, 2017.  The adoption of ASU 2015-11 did
not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

New Pronouncements Issued, Not Yet Effective

The following are recently issued, but not yet effective, ASU’s that may influence our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows:

ASU 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740) .  In March 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-05. This guidance amends SEC paragraphs in ASC 740, Income Taxes, to
reflect SAB 118, which provides guidance for companies that are not able to complete their accounting for the income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in
the period of enactment.  This guidance also includes amendments to the XBRL Taxonomy.  For public business entities, the amendments in ASU 2018-05 are
effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted.  We do not expect adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact
on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2016-02,  Leases (Topic 842). In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02. This guidance increases transparency and comparability among organizations
by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements.  For a public business entity,
the  amendments  in  ASU  2016-02  are  effective  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2018,  including  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.    Early
application is permitted. We do not expect adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact on our consolidated balance sheets.

ASU  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers .    In  May  2014,  FASB  issued  ASU  2014-09  and  has  since  amended  the  standard  with  ASU  2015-
14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date ; ASU  2016-08,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606):
Principal Versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross Versus Net); ASU 2016-10,  Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying
Performance  Obligations  and  Licensing;  ASU  2016-11,  Revenue  Recognition  (Topic  605)  and  Derivatives  and  Hedging  (Topic  815):  Rescission  of  SEC
Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting (SEC Update);
ASU  2016-12, Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606):  Narrow-Scope  Improvements  and  Practical  Expedients ;  ASU  2016-20,  Technical
Corrections  and  Improvements  to  Topic  606,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers;  and  ASU  2017-14,  Income  Statement  –  Reporting  Comprehensive
Income (Topic 220), Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).    These  standards  replace  existing  revenue
recognition rules with a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers.  We do not expect the adoption of
ASU 2014-09 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Other new pronouncements issued but not yet effective are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not applicable.

ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Index to Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank

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49
50
51
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and
Stockholders of Blue Dolphin Energy Company

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Blue Dolphin Energy Company and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017
and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes
(collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the
financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity
with accounting principles general accepted in the United States of America.

Substantial Doubt about the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note
(1)  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Company  has  received  an  adverse  outcome  of  arbitration  proceedings,  has  suffered  recurring  losses  from
operations,  has  a  net  working  capital  deficiency  and  is  in  violation  of  certain  financial  covenants  in  their  secured  loan  agreements.  These  conditions  raise
substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans regarding these matters are also described in Note (1). The
consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for Opinion

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.    Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s
consolidated financial statements based on our audits.  We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules
and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB.  Those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable
assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to
have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud,
and performing procedures that respond to those risks.  Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in
the consolidated financial statements.  Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as
well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2002.

/s/ UHY LLP                         
UHY LLP
Sterling Heights, Michigan
April 2, 2018

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 ASSETS

 CURRENT ASSETS
 Cash and cash equivalents
 Restricted cash
 Accounts receivable, net
 Accounts receivable, related party
 Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 Deposits
 Inventory

 Total current assets

 LONG-TERM ASSETS
 Total property and equipment, net
 Restricted cash, noncurrent
 Surety bonds
 Trade name

 Total long-term assets

 TOTAL ASSETS

 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)

 CURRENT LIABILITIES
 Long-term debt less unamortized debt issue costs, current portion
 Long-term debt, related party, current portion
 Interest payable, current portion
 Interest payable, related party, current portion
 Accounts payable
 Accounts payable, related party
 Asset retirement obligations, current portion
 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
 Accrued arbitration award payable

 Total current liabilities

 LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
 Asset retirement obligations, net of current portion
 Deferred revenues and expenses
 Long-term debt less unamortized debt issue costs, net of current portion
 Long-term debt, related party, net of current portion
 Long-term interest payable, net of current portion

 Total long-term liabilities

 TOTAL LIABILITIES

 Commitments and contingencies (Note 19)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

December 31,

2017

2016

  $

  $

495,296 
48,980 
1,356,859 
652,928 
1,206,971 
129,200 
3,089,204 
6,979,438 

64,596,939 
1,601,947 
230,000 
- 
66,428,886 

1,152,628 
3,347,835 
2,022,166 
1,161,589 
1,046,191 
138,957 
2,075,538 
10,944,904 

62,324,463 
1,582,305 
205,000 
303,346 
64,415,114 

  $

73,408,324 

  $

75,360,018 

  $

  $

35,544,402 
4,000,000 
2,135,327 
892,444 
2,343,795 
974,400 
2,314,571 
1,159,465 
27,127,863 
76,492,267 

- 
41,695 
- 
1,608,481 
- 
1,650,176 

31,712,336 
500,000 
80,200 
243,556 
14,552,383 
369,600 
17,510 
1,281,582 
- 
48,757,167 

2,010,129 
83,390 
1,300,000 
4,814,690 
1,691,383 
9,899,592 

78,142,443 

58,656,759 

 STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
 Common stock ($0.01 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized; 10,925,513 and
  10,624,714 shares issued at December 31,2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)
 Additional paid-in capital
 Accumulated deficit
 Treasury stock (0 and 150,000 shares at cost at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)

 Total stockholders' equity (deficit)

 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)

109,255 
36,906,533 
(41,749,907)
- 
(4,734,119)
73,408,324 

  $

106,248 
36,818,528 
(19,421,517)
(800,000)
16,703,259 
75,360,018 

  $

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.  

48

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

Consolidated Statements of Operations

REVENUE FROM OPERATIONS
Refined petroleum product sales
Tank rental revenue
Other operations

Total revenue from operations

COST OF OPERATIONS

Cost of refined products sold
Refinery operating expenses
Joint Marketing Agreement profit share
Other operating expenses
Arbitration award and associated fees
General and administrative expenses
Depletion, depreciation and amortization
Impairment of asset
Bad debt expense (recovery)
Accretion of asset retirement obligations

Total cost of operations

Loss from operations

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)

Easement, interest and other income
Interest and other expense
Gain on disposal of property

Total other income (expense)

Loss before income taxes

Income tax expense

Net loss

Loss per common share:
Basic
Diluted

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic
Diluted

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

  $ 255,547,311 
2,902,268 
- 
    258,449,579 

  $ 165,413,778 
2,366,548 
74,990 
    167,855,316 

    241,104,950 
8,145,553 
- 
227,791 
24,338,628 
4,021,962 
1,810,134 
303,346 
81,203 
287,376 
    280,320,943 
(21,871,364)

    161,714,526 
12,040,676 
359,260 
385,593 
- 
2,708,594 
1,935,644 
968,684 
(139,868)
112,744 
    180,085,853 
(12,230,537)

478,638 
(2,770,164)
1,834,500 
(457,026)

1,924,893 
(1,854,567)
- 
70,326 

(22,328,390)

(12,160,211)

- 

(3,607,237)

  $ (22,328,390)

  $ (15,767,448)

  $
  $

(2.09)
(2.09)

  $
  $

(1.51)
(1.51)

10,689,615 
10,689,615 

10,464,061 
10,464,061 

49

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)

Common Stock      

Balance at December 31, 2015

  Shares Issued  
    10,603,802    $

106,038    $36,738,737    $ (3,654,069)    

Deficit

Shares
(150,000)   $

Cost
  Equity (Deficit) 
(800,000)   $32,390,706 

Additional

Paid-In

Capital

Par Value

  Accumulated  

Treasury Stock

  Stockholders’  

Total

Common stock issued for services
Net loss

20,912     
-     

210     
-     

79,791     

-     
-     (15,767,448)    

-     
-     

80,001 
-     
-     (15,767,448)

Balance at December 31, 2016

    10,624,714    $

106,248    $36,818,528    $(19,421,517)    

(150,000)   $

(800,000)   $16,703,259 

Common stock issued for services
Net loss

300,799     
-     

3,007     
-     

88,005     

-     
-     (22,328,390)    

150,000     
-     

800,000     

891,012 
-     (22,328,390)

Balance at December 31, 2017

    10,925,513    $

109,255    $36,906,533    $(41,749,907)    

-    $

-    $ (4,734,119)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

OPERATING ACTIVITIES
   Net loss
   Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash

used in operating activities:

Depletion, depreciation and amortization
Unrealized gain on derivatives
Deferred income tax
Amortization of debt issue costs
Accretion of asset retirement obligations
Common stock issued for services
Bad debt (recovery of bad debt)
Impairment of assets

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

Accounts receivable
Accounts receivable, related party
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Deposits and other assets
Inventory
Accrued arbitration award
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
Accounts payable, related party

Net cash used in operating activities

INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures

Net cash used in investing activities

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from issuance of debt
Payments on debt
Net activity on related-party debt

Net cash provided by financing activities

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD

Supplemental Information:
Non-cash investing and financing activities:

Financing of capital expenditures via accounts payable

Financing of guaranty fees via long-term debt, related party

Conversion of related-party notes to common stock

Interest paid

Income taxes paid

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

  $ (22,328,390)

  $ (15,767,448)

1,810,134 
- 
- 
128,484 
287,376 
60,000 
81,203 
303,346 

584,105 
508,661 
(160,780)
(15,243)
(1,013,666)
27,127,863 
(12,921,462)
604,800 
(4,943,569)

1,935,644 
(183,400)
3,607,237 
128,485 
112,744 
80,001 
(139,868)
968,684 

3,574,947 
(1,161,589)
95,449 
1,073,457 
5,732,780 
- 
(4,006,063)
69,600 
(3,879,340)

(2,431,701)
(2,431,701)

(14,100,897)
(14,100,897)

3,677,953 
(1,364,031)
1,124,803 
3,438,725 
(3,936,545)

7,118,969 
(3,701,616)
- 
3,417,353 
(14,562,884)

6,082,768 
2,146,223 

  $

20,645,652 
6,082,768 

1,650,910 

  $

2,286,082 

327,462 

  $

831,012 

  $

- 

- 

2,688,449 

  $

2,357,237 

- 

  $

- 

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

51

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(1)

Organization

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Nature  of  Operations.    Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company  (“Blue  Dolphin,”)  is  primarily  an  independent  refiner  and  marketer  of  petroleum  products.    Our  primary
asset  is  a  15,000-bpd  crude  oil  and  condensate  processing  facility  located  in  Nixon,  Texas  (the  “Nixon  Facility”).    As  part  of  our  refinery  operations  business
segment, petroleum storage and terminaling operations under third-party lease agreements are conducted at the Nixon Facility.  We also own pipeline assets
and have leasehold interests in oil and gas properties. The pipelines and oil and gas wells are not operational. (See “Note (4) Business Segment Information” for
further discussion of our business segments.)

Structure  and  Management.  Blue  Dolphin  is  a  Delaware  corporation  that  was  formed  in  1986.    Blue  Dolphin  is  controlled  by  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC
(“LEH”).  LEH  operates  and  manages  all  Blue  Dolphin  properties  pursuant  to  an  Amended  and  Restated  Operating  Agreement  (the  “Amended  and  Restated
Operating Agreement”).  Jonathan Carroll is Chairman of the Board of Directors (the “Board”), Chief Executive Officer, and President of Blue Dolphin, as well as
a majority owner of LEH. Together LEH and Jonathan Carroll own 80.2% of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock). (See “Note (8)
Related  Party  Transactions,”  “Note  (10)  Long-Term  Debt,  Net”  and  “Note  (19)  Commitments  and  Contingencies  –  Financing  Agreements”  for  additional
disclosures related to LEH, the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, and Jonathan Carroll.)

Our operations are conducted through the following active subsidiaries:

● Lazarus Energy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“LE”).

● Lazarus Refining & Marketing, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“LRM”).

● Blue Dolphin Pipe Line Company, a Delaware corporation (“BDPL”).

● Blue Dolphin Petroleum Company, a Delaware corporation.

● Blue Dolphin Services Co., a Texas corporation (“BDSC”).

See "Part I, Item 1. Business and Item 2. Properties” for additional information regarding our operating subsidiaries, principal facilities, and assets.

References in this Annual Report to “we,” “us,” and “our” are to Blue Dolphin and its subsidiaries unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires.

Going Concern.  Management has determined that certain factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.  These factors include
the following:

● Final  GEL  Arbitration  Award  –  As  previously  disclosed,  LE  was  involved  in  arbitration  proceedings  (the  “GEL  Arbitration”)  with  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC
(“GEL”), an affiliate of Genesis Energy, LP (“Genesis”), related to a contractual dispute involving a Crude Oil Supply and Throughput Services Agreement
(the  “Crude  Supply  Agreement”)  and  a  Joint  Marketing  Agreement  (the  “Joint  Marketing  Agreement”),  each  between  LE  and  GEL  and  dated  August  12,
2011.  On August 11, 2017, the arbitrator delivered its final award in the GEL Arbitration (the “Final Arbitration Award”).  The Final Arbitration Award denied
all LE’s claims against GEL and granted substantially all the relief requested by GEL in its counterclaims.  Among other matters, the Final Arbitration Award
awarded damages and GEL’s attorneys’ fees and related expenses to GEL in the aggregate amount of approximately $31.3 million.

As previously disclosed, a hearing on confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award was scheduled to occur on September 18, 2017 in state district court in
Harris County, Texas. Prior to the scheduled hearing, LE and GEL jointly notified the court that the hearing would be continued for a period of no more than
90 days after September 18, 2017 (the “Continuance Period”), to facilitate settlement discussions between the parties. On September 26, 2017, LE and Blue
Dolphin, together with LEH and Jonathan Carroll, entered into a Letter Agreement with GEL, effective September 18, 2017 (the “GEL Letter Agreement”),
confirming  the  parties’  agreement  to  the  continuation  of  the  confirmation  hearing  during  the  Continuance  Period,  subject  to  the  terms  of  the  GEL  Letter
Agreement.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

The GEL Letter Agreement has been amended to extend the Continuance Period through April 30, 2018.  The GEL Letter Agreement, as amended to date,
prohibits Blue Dolphin and its affiliates from making any pre-payments on indebtedness, other than in the ordinary course of business as described in the
GEL  Letter  Agreement,  and  from  making  any  payments  to  Jonathan  Carroll  under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee  Agreements  between
November 1, 2017 and the end of the Continuance Period.  (Jonathan Carroll has received no cash payments since August 2016 and no common stock
payments since May 2017 under the Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements.)  If the parties are unable to reach an acceptable settlement with
Genesis  and  GEL,  and  GEL  seeks  to  confirm  and  enforce  the  Final  Arbitration  Award,  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations  will  be
materially affected, and LE would likely be required to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

● Veritex Secured Loan Agreement Event of Default – Veritex Community Bank (“Veritex”), as successor in interest to Sovereign Bank by merger, delivered to
obligors  notices  of  default  under  secured  loan  agreements  with  Veritex,  stating  that  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  constitutes  an  event  of  default  under  the
secured loan agreements.  The occurrence of an event of default permits Veritex to declare the amounts owed under these loan agreements immediately
due and payable, exercise its rights with respect to collateral securing obligors’ obligations under these loan agreements, and/or exercise any other rights
and remedies available.  Veritex informed obligors that it is not currently exercising its rights and remedies under the secured loan agreements considering
the  ongoing  settlement  discussions  with  GEL  and  the  continuance  of  the  hearing  on  confirmation  of  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  and  to  allow  Veritex  to
evaluate  any  proposed  settlement  agreement  related  to  the  Final  Arbitration  Award,  which  would  require  Veritex’s  approval.  However,  Veritex  expressly
reserved all its rights, privileges and remedies related to events of default under the secured loan agreements and informed obligors that it would consider a
final  confirmation  of  the  Final  Arbitration  Award  to  be  a  material  event  of  default  under  the  loan  agreements.  Any  exercise  by  Veritex  of  its  rights  and
remedies under the secured loan agreements would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and would
likely require us to seek protection under bankruptcy laws. The debt associated with loans under secured loan agreements was classified within the current
portion of long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 due to existing events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award as
well as the uncertainty of LE and LRM’s ability to meet financial covenants in the secured loan agreements in the future.

We are currently evaluating the effects of the Final Arbitration Award on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.  In addition to the matters
described above, the Final Arbitration Award could materially and adversely affect our ability to procure adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate or our
relationships  with  our  customers.    The  contract-related  dispute  has  negatively  affected  our  customer  relationships,  prevented  us  from  taking  advantage  of
business opportunities, disrupted refinery operations, diverted management’s focus away from running the business, and impacted our ability to obtain financing.

We  can  provide  no  assurance  as  to  whether  negotiations  with  GEL  will  result  in  a  settlement,  the  potential  terms  of  any  such  settlement,  or  whether  Veritex
would  approve  any  such  settlement.    If  LE  is  unable  to  reach  an  acceptable  settlement  with  GEL  or  Veritex  does  not  approve  any  such  settlement  and  GEL
seeks to confirm and enforce the Final Arbitration Award, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially adversely affected, and LE
would likely be required to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Operating  Risks.    Successful  execution  of  our  business  plan  depends  on  several  key  factors,  including  reaching  an  acceptable  settlement  with  GEL,  having
adequate crude oil and condensate supplies, maintaining the safe and reliable operation of the Nixon Facility, improving margins on refined petroleum products,
and meeting contractual obligations. (See “Part I, Item 1. Business –  Business Strategies” for information related to our business plan.)  For the year ended
December 31, 2017, execution of our business plan was negatively impacted by several factors, including:

● Net  Losses  –  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  we  reported  a  net  loss  of  $22,328,390,  or  a  loss  of  $2.09  per  share,  compared  to  a  net  loss  of
$15,767,448, or a loss of $1.51 per share, for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The $0.58 per share increase in net loss between the periods was the
result of the Final Arbitration Award, which was partially offset by improved margins for refined petroleum products and increased sales volume.  The amount
expensed in the period related to the Final Arbitration Award was $24,338,628, which represented $2.28 per share.  Excluding the Final Arbitration Award,
we would have reported net income of $0.19 per share.

● Working Capital Deficits – We had a working capital deficit of $69,512,829 at December 31, 2017 compared to a working capital deficit of $37,812,263 at
December  31,  2016.  Excluding  long-term  debt,  we  had  a  working  capital  deficit  of  $29,968,427  at  December  31,  2017,  compared  to  working  capital  of
$5,599,927 at December 31, 2016. The significant increase in working capital deficit between the periods primarily related to the Final Arbitration Award and
a decrease in cash and cash equivalents.

● Crude Supply Issues – We currently have in place a month-to-month evergreen crude supply contract with a major integrated oil and gas company. This
supplier  currently  provides  us  with  adequate  amounts  of  crude  oil  and  condensate,  and  we  expect  the  supplier  to  continue  to  do  so  for  the  foreseeable
future.  However, our ability to purchase adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate is dependent on our liquidity and access to capital, which have been
adversely affected by the contract-related dispute with GEL and other factors, as noted above.  The Final Arbitration Award could have a material adverse
effect on our ability to procure adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate from our current supplier or otherwise.

● Financial Covenant Defaults – In addition to existing events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award, at December 31, 2017, LE and LRM were in
violation of certain financial covenants in secured loan agreements with Veritex. Covenant defaults under the secured loan agreements would permit Veritex
to  declare  the  amounts  owed  under  these  loan  agreements  immediately  due  and  payable,  exercise  its  rights  with  respect  to  collateral  securing  obligors’
obligations  under  these  loan  agreements,  and/or  exercise  any  other  rights  and  remedies  available.  The  debt  associated  with  these  loans  was  classified
within the current portion of long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 due to existing events of default related to the Final
Arbitration Award as well as the uncertainty of LE and LRM’s ability to meet the financial covenants in the future. There can be no assurance that Veritex will
provide a waiver of events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award, consent to any proposed settlement with GEL or provide future waivers of any
financial covenant defaults, which may have an adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations.

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  we  continued  aggressive  actions  to  improve  operations  and  liquidity.    We  began  selling  certain  of  our  refined
petroleum  products  immediately  following  production,  which  minimizes  inventory,  improves  cash  flow,  and  reduces  commodity  risk/exposure.  We  completed
construction on several new petroleum storage tanks at the Nixon Facility. Increased petroleum storage capacity: (i) assists with de-bottlenecking the facility, (ii)
supports increased refinery throughput up to approximately 30,000 bpd, and (iii) provides an opportunity to generate additional tank rental revenue by leasing to
third-parties. We also reduced our working capital requirements in a rising cost environment by decreasing costs, reducing inventory levels, improving our sales
cycle,  and  requiring  pre-payments  from  certain  customers.    Management  believes  that  it  is  taking  the  appropriate  steps  to  improve  operations  at  the  Nixon
Facility and our overall financial stability.  However, there can be no assurance that our business plan will be successful, LEH and its affiliates will continue to
fund our working capital needs, or that we will be able to obtain additional financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all.  Among other factors, the Final
Arbitration Award could prevent us from successfully executing our business plan.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

For additional disclosures related to the contract-related dispute with GEL, the Final Arbitration Award, the GEL Letter Agreement, defaults under secured loan
agreements, and risk factors that could materially affect our future business, financial condition and results of operations, refer to the following sections in this
Annual Report:

● Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors

● Part I, Item 3. Legal Proceedings

● Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:

-  GEL Contract-Related Dispute and Final Arbitration Award

-  Results of Operations

-  Liquidity and Capital Resources

● Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements:

-  Note (8) Related Party Transactions

-  Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net

-  Note (19) Commitments and Contingencies – Legal Matters

-  Note (20) Subsequent Events

(2)

Basis of Presentation

Our  consolidated  financial  statements  include  Blue  Dolphin  and  its  subsidiaries.    Significant  intercompany  transactions  have  been  eliminated  in
consolidation.    The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles
(“GAAP”)  for  consolidated  financial  information  pursuant  to  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  SEC  under  Regulation  S-X  and  the  instructions  to  Form  10-K.  In
management’s  opinion,  all  adjustments  considered  necessary  for  a  fair  presentation  have  been  included,  disclosures  are  adequate,  and  the  presented
information is not misleading.

(3)

Significant Accounting Policies

The summary of significant accounting policies of Blue Dolphin is presented to assist in understanding our consolidated financial statements. Our consolidated
financial statements and accompanying notes are representations of management who is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. These accounting policies
conform to GAAP and have been consistently applied in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates. We have made several estimates and assumptions related to the reporting of our consolidated assets and liabilities and to the disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities to prepare these consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP. We believe our current estimates are reasonable
and appropriate, however, actual results could differ from those estimated.

Cash  and  Cash  Equivalents.  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  represent  liquid  investments  with  an  original  maturity  of  three  months  or  less.  Cash  balances  are
maintained in depository and overnight investment accounts with financial institutions that, at times, may exceed insured deposit limits. We monitor the financial
condition  of  the  financial  institutions  and  have  experienced  no  losses  associated  with  these  accounts.    Cash  and  cash  equivalents  totaled  $495,296  and
$1,152,628 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Restricted  Cash.  Restricted  cash  (current  portion)  primarily  represents:  (i)  amounts  held  in  our  disbursement  account  with  Veritex  attributable  to  construction
invoices  awaiting  payment  from  that  account,  (ii)  a  payment  reserve  account  held  by  Veritex  as  security  for  payments  under  a  loan  agreement,  and  (iii)  a
construction contingency account under which Veritex will fund contingencies.  Restricted cash, noncurrent represents funds held in the Veritex disbursement
account for payment of future construction related expenses to build new petroleum storage tanks. At December 31, 2017, total restricted cash was $1,650,927,
comprised of restricted cash (current portion) totaling $48,980 and restricted cash, noncurrent totaling $1,601,947.  At December 31, 2016, total restricted cash
was  $4,930,140,  comprised  of  restricted  cash  (current  portion)  totaling  $3,347,835  and  restricted  cash,  noncurrent  totaling  $1,582,305  (See  “Note  (10)  Long-
Term Debt, Net” for additional disclosures related to our loan agreements with Veritex.)

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Accounts  Receivable  and  Allowance  for  Doubtful  Accounts .  Our  accounts  receivable  consists  of  customer  obligations  due  in  the  ordinary  course  of
business.  Since we have a small number of customers with individually large amounts due on any given date, we evaluate potential and existing customers’
financial condition, credit worthiness, and payment history to minimize credit risk. Allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a combination of current sales and
specific identification methods. If necessary, we establish an allowance for doubtful accounts to estimate the amount of probable credit losses.  Allowance for
doubtful accounts totaled $0 both at December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Inventory. Our inventory primarily consists of refined petroleum products, crude oil and condensate, and chemicals.  Inventory is valued at lower of cost or net
realizable value with cost being determined by the average cost method, and net realizable value being determined based on estimated selling prices less any
associated delivery costs.  If the net realizable value of our refined petroleum products inventory declines to an amount less than our average cost, we record a
write-down  of  inventory  and  an  associated  adjustment  to  cost  of  refined  products  sold.    (See  “Note  (6)  Inventory”  for  additional  disclosures  related  to  our
inventory.)

Property and Equipment .

Refinery  and  Facilities.  Management  expects  to  continue  making  improvements  to  the  Nixon  Facility  based  on  operational  needs  and  technological
advances.    Additions  to  refinery  and  facilities  assets  are  capitalized.  Expenditures  for  repairs  and  maintenance  are  expensed  as  incurred  and  included  as
operating expenses under the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.

We record refinery and facilities at cost less any adjustments for depreciation or impairment. Adjustment of the asset and the related accumulated depreciation
accounts  are  made  for  the  refinery  and  facilities  asset’s  retirement  and  disposal,  with  the  resulting  gain  or  loss  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations.  For financial reporting purposes, depreciation of refinery and facilities assets is computed using the straight-line method using an estimated useful
life of 25 years beginning when the refinery and facilities assets are placed in service.  As a result of the Final Arbitration Award, which represents a significant
adverse change that could affect the value of a long-lived asset, management performed potential impairment testing of our refinery and facilities assets in the
fourth  quarter  of  2017.  Upon  completion  of  that  testing,  we  determined  that  no  impairment  was  necessary  at  December  31,  2017.    We  did  not  record  any
impairment of our refinery and facilities assets for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Pipelines and Facilities . Our pipelines and facilities are recorded at cost less any adjustments for depreciation or impairment.  Depreciation is computed using
the  straight-line  method  over  estimated  useful  lives  ranging  from  10  to  22  years.  In  accordance  with  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  ASC
guidance  on  accounting  for  the  impairment  or  disposal  of  long-lived  assets,  management  performed  periodic  impairment  testing  of  our  pipeline  and  facilities
assets in the fourth quarter of 2016. Upon completion of that testing, our pipeline assets were fully impaired.  All pipeline transportation services to third-parties
have ceased, existing third-party wells along our pipeline corridor have been permanently abandoned, and no new third-party wells are being drilled near our
pipelines.  However, management believes our pipeline assets have future value based on large-scale, third-party production facility expansion projects near the
pipelines.

Oil  and  Gas  Properties.  Our  oil  and  gas  properties  are  accounted  for  using  the  full-cost  method  of  accounting,  whereby  all  costs  associated  with  acquisition,
exploration and development of oil and gas properties, including directly related internal costs, are capitalized on a cost center basis.  Amortization of such costs
and estimated future development costs are determined using the unit-of-production method. All leases associated with our oil and gas properties have expired,
and our oil and gas properties were fully impaired in 2011.

Construction in Progress. Construction in progress expenditures, which relate to construction and refurbishment activities at the Nixon Facility, are capitalized as
incurred. Depreciation begins once the asset is placed in service.

(See “Note (7) Property, Plant and Equipment, Net” for additional disclosures related to our refinery and facilities assets, oil and gas properties, pipelines and
facilities assets, and construction in progress.)

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Intangibles  –  Other.  Trade  name,  an  intangible  asset,  represents  the  “Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company”  brand  name.    We  account  for  intangible  assets  under
FASB ASC guidance related to intangibles, goodwill, and other. Under the guidance, we determined trade name to have an indefinite useful life, and we test
intangible assets with indefinite lives annually for impairment.  Management performed its regular annual impairment testing of trade name in the fourth quarter
of 2017. Upon completion of that testing, our trade name asset was fully impaired.

Debt Issue Costs . We have debt issue costs related to certain refinery and facilities assets debt. Debt issue costs are capitalized and amortized over the term of
the  related  debt  using  the  straight-line  method,  which  approximates  the  effective  interest  method.  Debt  issue  costs  are  presented  net  with  the  related  debt
liability.  (See “Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net” for additional disclosures related to debt issue costs.) 

Revenue Recognition.

Refined  Petroleum  Products  Revenue.  Revenue  from  the  sale  of  refined  petroleum  products  is  recognized  when  sales  prices  are  fixed  or  determinable,
collectability is reasonably assured, and title passes. Title passage occurs when refined petroleum products are delivered in accordance with the terms of the
respective sales agreements, and customers assume the risk of loss when title is transferred. Transportation, shipping, and handling costs incurred are included
in cost of refined products sold. Excise and other taxes that are collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are not included in revenue.

Tank Rental Revenue. We lease petroleum storage tanks to both related parties and third-parties.  Tank rental fees are invoiced monthly in accordance with the
terms of the related lease agreement.  Tank rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis as earned.

Easement Revenue. Revenue from land easement fees was associated with a Master Easement Agreement between BDPL and FLNG Land II, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (“FLNG”).  Easement revenue was recognized monthly as earned and was included in other income.  In February 2017, BDPL sold approximately
15  acres  of  property  located  in  Brazoria  County  Texas  to  FLIQ  Common  Facilities,  LLC,  an  affiliate  of  FLNG.    In  conjunction  with  the  sale  of  real  estate,  the
Master Easement Agreement was terminated.

Pipeline Transportation Revenue. Revenue from our pipeline operations was derived from fee-based contracts and was typically based on transportation fees
per unit of volume transported multiplied by the volume delivered. Revenue was recognized when volumes were physically delivered for the customer through
the  pipeline.    All  pipeline  transportation  services  to  third-parties  have  ceased,  existing  third-party  wells  along  our  pipeline  corridor  have  been  permanently
abandoned,  and  no  new  third-party  wells  are  being  drilled  near  our  pipelines.  (See  “Note  (4)  Business  Segment  Information”  for  further  discussion  related  to
pipeline transportation revenue.)

Income Taxes. We account for income taxes under FASB ASC guidance related to income taxes, which requires recognition of income taxes based on amounts
payable with respect to the current reporting period and the effects of deferred taxes for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included
in our financial statements or tax returns.  Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial
accounting and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as well as for operating losses and tax credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which
the differences are expected to reverse. 

As of each reporting date, management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, to determine the realizability of deferred tax assets.  Management
considers whether it is more likely than not that a portion or all the deferred tax assets will be realized, which is dependent upon the generation of future taxable
income prior to the expiration of any net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards.  When management determines that it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will
not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded to reduce deferred tax assets.  A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative
loss incurred over the three-year period ended December 31, 2017. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective evidence, such as our
projections for future growth. Based on this evaluation, we recorded a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2017.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

The benefit of an uncertain tax position is recognized in the financial statements if it meets a minimum recognition threshold.  A determination is first made as to
whether it is more likely than not that the income tax position will be sustained, based upon technical merits, upon examination by the taxing authorities.  If the
income tax position is expected to meet the more-likely-than-not criteria, the benefit recorded in the financial statements equals the largest amount that is greater
than 50% likely to be realized upon its ultimate settlement.  At December 31, 2017 and 2016, there were no uncertain tax positions for which a reserve or liability
was necessary.  (See “Note (16) Income Taxes” for further information related to income taxes.)

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets . In accordance with FASB ASC guidance on accounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, we
periodically  evaluate  our  long-lived  assets  for  impairment.  Additionally,  we  evaluate  our  long-lived  assets  when  events  or  circumstances  indicate  that  the
carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. The carrying value is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to
result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset or group of assets. If the carrying value exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment
loss equal to the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the asset or group of assets is recognized. Significant management judgment is
required  in  the  forecasting  of  future  operating  results  that  are  used  in  the  preparation  of  projected  cash  flows  and,  should  different  conditions  prevail  or
judgments be made, material impairment charges could be necessary. As a result of the Final Arbitration Award, which represents a significant adverse change
that could affect the value of a long-lived asset, management performed potential impairment testing of our refinery and facilities assets in the fourth quarter of
2017.  Upon  completion  of  that  testing,  we  determined  that  no  impairment  was  necessary  at  December  31,  2017.    We  did  not  record  any  impairment  of  our
refinery and facilities assets for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Asset Retirement Obligations. FASB ASC guidance related to asset retirement obligations (“AROs”) requires that a liability for the discounted fair value of an
ARO be recorded in the period in which it is incurred and the corresponding cost capitalized by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset.
The liability is accreted towards its future value each period, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. If the liability is settled
for an amount other than the recorded amount, a gain or loss is recognized.

Management  has  concluded  that  there  is  no  legal  or  contractual  obligation  to  dismantle  or  remove  the  refinery  and  facilities  assets.  Further,  management
believes that these assets have indeterminate lives under FASB ASC guidance for estimating AROs because dates or ranges of dates upon which we would
retire these assets cannot reasonably be estimated at this time. When a legal or contractual obligation to dismantle or remove the refinery and facilities assets
arises  and  a  date  or  range  of  dates  can  reasonably  be  estimated  for  the  retirement  of  these  assets,  we  will  estimate  the  cost  of  performing  the  retirement
activities and record a liability for the fair value of that cost using present value techniques.

We  recorded  an  ARO  liability  related  to  future  asset  retirement  costs  associated  with  dismantling,  relocating,  or  disposing  of  our  offshore  platform,  pipeline
systems, and related onshore facilities, as well as for plugging and abandoning wells and restoring land and sea beds. We developed these cost estimates for
each of our assets based upon regulatory requirements, structural makeup, water depth, reservoir characteristics, reservoir depth, equipment demand, current
retirement procedures, and construction and engineering consultations.  Because these costs typically extend many years into the future, estimating future costs
are  difficult  and  require  management  to  make  judgments  that  are  subject  to  future  revisions  based  upon  numerous  factors,  including  changing  technology,
political,  and  regulatory  environments.  We  review  our  assumptions  and  estimates  of  future  abandonment  costs  on  an  annual  basis.    (See  “Note  (11)  Asset
Retirement Obligations” for additional information related to our AROs.)

Computation  of  Earnings  Per  Share .  We  apply  the  provisions  of  FASB  ASC  guidance  for  computing  earnings  per  share  (“EPS”).  The  guidance  requires  the
presentation of basic EPS, which excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number
of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. The guidance requires dual presentation of basic EPS and diluted EPS on the face of our consolidated
statements  of  operations  and  requires  a  reconciliation  of  the  denominator  of  basic  EPS  and  diluted  EPS.  Diluted  EPS  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income
available to common stockholders by the diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding, which includes the potential dilution that could occur
if securities or other contracts to issue shares of common stock were converted to common stock that then shared in the earnings of the entity.

The number of shares related to options, warrants, restricted stock, and similar instruments included in diluted EPS is based on the “Treasury Stock Method”
prescribed  in  FASB  ASC  guidance  for  computation  of  EPS.  This  method  assumes  theoretical  repurchase  of  shares  using  proceeds  of  the  respective  stock
option or warrant exercised, and, for restricted stock, the amount of compensation cost attributed to future services that has not yet been recognized and the
amount of any current and deferred tax benefit that would be credited to additional paid-in-capital upon the vesting of the restricted stock, at a price equal to the
issuer’s average stock price during the related earnings period. Accordingly, the number of shares includable in the calculation of EPS in respect of the stock
options, warrants, restricted stock, and similar instruments is dependent on this average stock price and will increase as the average stock price increases.  (See
“Note (17) Earnings Per Share” for additional information related to EPS.)

Treasury Stock. We accounted for treasury stock under the cost method.  In May 2017, our treasury stock was re-issued.  The net change in share price after
acquisition  of  the  treasury  stock  was  recognized  as  a  component  of  additional  paid-in-capital  in  our  consolidated  balance  sheets.    (See  “Note  (13)  Treasury
Stock” for additional disclosures related to treasury stock.)

New Pronouncements Adopted.  The FASB issues an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) to communicate changes to the FASB ASC, including changes to
non-authoritative SEC content.  Recently adopted ASUs include:

ASU 2015-11,  Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. In July 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-11, which requires an entity to measure
inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  We adopted this accounting pronouncement effective January 1, 2017.  The adoption of ASU 2015-11 did
not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

New  Pronouncements  Issued,  Not  Yet  Effective.  The  following  are  recently  issued,  but  not  yet  effective,  ASU’s  that  may  influence  our  consolidated  financial
position, results of operations, or cash flows:

ASU 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740) .  In March 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-05. This guidance amends SEC paragraphs in ASC 740, Income Taxes, to
reflect SAB 118, which provides guidance for companies that are not able to complete their accounting for the income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in
the period of enactment.  This guidance also includes amendments to the XBRL Taxonomy.  For public business entities, the amendments in ASU 2018-05 are
effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted.  We do not expect adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact
on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2016-02,  Leases (Topic 842). In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02. This guidance increases transparency and comparability among organizations
by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements.  For a public business entity,
the  amendments  in  ASU  2016-02  are  effective  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2018,  including  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.    Early
application is permitted. We do not expect adoption of this guidance to have a significant impact on our consolidated balance sheets.

ASU  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers .    In  May  2014,  FASB  issued  ASU  2014-09  and  has  since  amended  the  standard  with  ASU  2015-
14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date ; ASU  2016-08,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606):
Principal Versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross Versus Net); ASU 2016-10,  Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying
Performance  Obligations  and  Licensing;  ASU  2016-11,  Revenue  Recognition  (Topic  605)  and  Derivatives  and  Hedging  (Topic  815):  Rescission  of  SEC
Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting (SEC Update);
ASU  2016-12, Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606):  Narrow-Scope  Improvements  and  Practical  Expedients ;  ASU  2016-20,  Technical
Corrections  and  Improvements  to  Topic  606,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers;  and  ASU  2017-14,  Income  Statement  –  Reporting  Comprehensive
Income (Topic 220), Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).    These  standards  replace  existing  revenue
recognition rules with a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers.  We do not expect the adoption of
ASU 2014-09 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Other new pronouncements issued but not yet effective are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.

Reclassification.  Effective January 1, 2017, we reclassified amounts associated with our Pipeline Transportation operations to Corporate and Other.  (See “Note
(4) Business Segment Information” for disclosures related to Corporate and Other.)

(4)

Business Segment Information

Effective  January  1,  2017,  we  began  reporting  as  a  single  business  segment  –  Refinery  Operations.    Business  activities  related  to  our  Refinery  Operations
business segment are conducted at the Nixon Facility.  Due to their small size, current and prior year ended amounts associated with Pipeline Transportation
operations were reclassified to Corporate and Other. Pipeline Transportation operations diminished significantly as services to third-parties ceased and third-party
wells along our pipeline corridor were permanently abandoned.  Business segment information for the periods indicated (and as of the dates indicated), was as
follows:

Years Ended December 31,

Segment

Refinery

Operations

2017

Corporate &
Other

  $

  $

258,449,579 
(252,099,846)
- 
- 
(24,338,628)
(17,988,895)

  $

  $

  $

- 
(1,768,989)
1,912,905 
- 
- 
143,916 

Segment

Refinery

Operations

2016        

Corporate &
Other

  $

  $

167,780,326 
(175,340,816)
- 
(359,260)
- 
(7,919,750)

  $

  $

  $

74,990 
(2,450,133)
1,914,607 
- 
- 
(460,536)

Total
258,449,579 
(253,868,835)
1,912,905 
- 
(24,338,628)

Total
167,855,316 
(177,790,949)
1,914,607 
(359,260)
- 

(1,810,134)
(2,673,277)
(22,328,390)
- 
(22,328,390)

  $

(1,935,644)
(1,844,281)
(12,160,211)
(3,607,237)
(15,767,448)

  $

  $

  $

4,082,611 

  $

- 

  $

4,082,611 

  $

15,041,074 

  $

- 

  $

15,041,074 

71,708,714 

  $

1,699,610 

  $

73,408,324 

  $

74,236,629 

  $

1,123,389 

  $

75,360,018 

Revenue from operations
Less: cost of operations(1)
Other non-interest income(2)
Less: JMA Profit Share(3)
Less: Arbitration award(4)
EBITDA(5)

Depletion, depreciation and

amortization

Interest expense, net
Loss before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net loss

Capital expenditures

Identifiable assets

_____________________
(1)  Operation cost within the Refinery Operations segment includes related general and administrative expenses.  Operation cost within Corporate and Other
includes general and administrative expenses associated with corporate maintenance costs (such as accounting fees, director fees, and legal expense), as
well as expenses associated with our pipeline assets and oil and/or gas leasehold interests (such as accretion and impairment expenses).

(2) Other non-interest income reflects FLNG easement revenue.
(3)  The  JMA  Profit  Share  represents  the  GEL  Profit  Share  plus  the  Performance  Fee  for  the  period  pursuant  to  the  Joint  Marketing  Agreement,  under  which
marketing activities have ceased.  (See “Note (1) Organization – Going Concern – Final GEL Arbitration Award” for further discussion related to the contract-
related dispute with GEL.)

(4)  Arbitration award reflects damages and GEL’s attorneys’ fees and related expenses awarded to GEL as part of the Final Arbitration Award.
(5)  EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure.  See “Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations –

Results of Operations – Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information related to EBITDA.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(5)

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of the dates indicated consisted of the following:

Prepaid crude oil and condensate
Prepaid insurance
Short-term tax bond
Prepaid exise taxes

(6)

Inventory

Inventory as of the dates indicated consisted of the following:

HOBM
Crude oil and condensate
AGO
Naphtha
Chemicals
Propane
LPG mix
Jet fuel

(7)

Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment, net, as of the dates indicated consisted of the following:

Refinery and facilities
Land
Other property and equipment

Less: Accumulated depletion, depreciation, and amortization

Construction in progress

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

  $

December 31,  

2017

2016

  $

912,702 
294,269 
- 
- 

- 
248,853 
505,000 
292,338 

  $

1,206,971 

  $

1,046,191 

  $

December 31,  

  $

2017
1,558,066 
961,571 
213,402 
169,591 
161,563 
17,450 
7,561 
- 

2016

212,987 
26,123 
143,362 
533,580 
182,751 
11,318 
1,293 
964,124 

  $

3,089,204 

  $

2,075,538 

December 31,    

  $

  $

2017

51,432,434 
566,159 
652,795 
52,651,388 

2016

50,814,309 
602,938 
652,795 
52,070,042 

(8,495,378)
44,156,010 

(6,685,244)
45,384,798 

20,440,929 

16,939,665 

  $

64,596,939 

  $

62,324,463 

We capitalize interest cost incurred on funds used to construct property, plant, and equipment.  The capitalized interest is recorded as part of the asset to which it
relates  and  is  depreciated  over  the  asset’s  useful  life.    Interest  cost  capitalized,  which  is  currently  included  in  construction  in  progress,  was  $3,857,082  and
$2,108,298 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(8)

Related Party Transactions

 FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Blue  Dolphin  and  certain  of  its  subsidiaries  are  party  to  several  agreements  with  LEH  and  its  affiliates.    Management  believes  that  these  related  party
transactions were consummated on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm's-length transactions.

Related Parties.

LEH.  LEH is our controlling shareholder.  Jonathan Carroll, Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and President of Blue Dolphin, is the majority owner
of  LEH.    Together  LEH  and  Jonathan  Carroll  own  80.2%  of  our  Common  Stock.    Related  party  agreements  with  LEH  include:  (i)  an  Amended  and  Restated
Operating Agreement with Blue Dolphin and LE, (ii) a Jet Fuel Sales Agreement with LE, (iii) a Loan and Security Agreement with BDPL, (iv) an Amended and
Restated Promissory Note with Blue Dolphin, and (v) a Debt Assumption Agreement with LE.

Ingleside Crude, LLC (“Ingleside”).  Ingleside is a related party of LEH and Jonathan Carroll.  Blue Dolphin is party to an Amended and Restated Promissory
Note with Ingleside.

Lazarus Marine Terminal I, LLC (“LMT”) .   LMT is a related party of LEH and Jonathan Carroll.  LE is party to a Tolling Agreement with LMT.

Jonathan Carroll.  Jonathan Carroll is Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and President of Blue Dolphin.  Related party agreements with Jonathan
Carroll include: (i) Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements with LE and LRM and (ii) an Amended and Restated Promissory Note with Blue Dolphin.

Currently, we depend on LEH and its affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll and Ingleside) for financing when revenue from operations and borrowings under bank
facilities are insufficient to meet our liquidity needs.  Such borrowings are reflected in our consolidated balance sheets in accounts payable, related party, and/or
long-term debt, related party.  Each quarter amounts owed by the parties are settled with amounts to be paid by the parties as discussed within this Note (8),
Related Party Transactions.  As a result, related-party transactions do not always reflect cash payments between the parties.

Operations Related Agreements.

Amended  and  Restated  Operating  Agreement .    LEH  operates  and  manages  all  Blue  Dolphin  properties  pursuant  to  the  Amended  and  Restated  Operating
Agreement. The Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, which was restructured following cessation of crude supply and marketing activities under the
Crude  Supply  Agreement  and  Joint  Marketing  Agreement  with  GEL,  expires:  (i)  April  1,  2020,  (ii)  upon  written  notice  by  either  party  to  the  Amended  and
Restated Operating Agreement of a material breach by the other party, or (iii) upon 90 days’ notice by the Board if the Board determines that the Amended and
Restated Operating Agreement is not in our best interest. Blue Dolphin reimburses LEH at cost plus five percent (5%) for all reasonable Blue Dolphin expenses
incurred while LEH performs the services.  These expenses are reflected within refinery operating expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.

Jet Fuel Sales Agreement.  LE sells jet fuel and other products to LEH pursuant to a Jet Fuel Sales Agreement.  LEH, which is HUBZone certified, resells these
products to a government agency.  The Jet Fuel Sales Agreement terminates on the earliest to occur of: (a) a one-year term expiring March 31, 2018 plus a 30-
day carryover or (b) delivery of a maximum quantity of jet fuel as defined therein.  LEH believes that it will be awarded a new jet fuel sales contract following the
expiration of the current agreement.  Sales to LEH under the Jet Fuel Sales Agreement are reflected within refined petroleum product sales in our consolidated
statements  of  operations.  (LRM  previously  leased  Nixon  Facility  petroleum  storage  tanks  to  LEH  for  the  storage  of  the  jet  fuel  under  a  Terminal  Services
Agreement.  The Terminal Services Agreement has been terminated as described below).

Terminal Services Agreement.  Pursuant to a Terminal Services Agreement, LEH leased petroleum storage tanks from LRM at the Nixon Facility for the storage
of  Blue  Dolphin  purchased  jet  fuel  under  the  Jet  Fuel  Sales  Agreement  (as  described  above).    The  Terminal  Services  Agreement  was  terminated  in  June
2017.    Rental  fees  received  from  LEH  under  the  Terminal  Services  Agreement  are  reflected  within  tank  rental  revenue  in  our  consolidated  statements  of
operations.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Amended and Restated Tank Lease Agreement .  Pursuant to an Amended and Restated Tank Lease Agreement with Ingleside, LE leased petroleum storage
tanks  to  meet  periodic,  additional  storage  needs.    The  Amended  and  Restated  Tank  Lease  Agreement  was  terminated  in  July  2017.    Rental  fees  owed  to
Ingleside under the tank lease agreement are reflected within long-term debt, related party, net of current portion in our consolidated balance sheets. Amounts
expensed  as  rental  fees  to  Ingleside  under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Tank  Lease  Agreement  are  reflected  within  refinery  operating  expenses  in  our
consolidated statements of operations.

Tolling Agreement.  In May 2016, LE entered a Tolling Agreement with LMT to facilitate loading and unloading of petroleum products by barge at LMT’s dock
facility in Ingleside, Texas.  The Tolling Agreement has a five-year term and may be terminated at any time by the agreement of both parties.  LE pays LMT a flat
reservation  fee  monthly.    The  reservation  fee  includes  tolling  volumes  up  to  84,000  gallons  per  day.    Excess  tolling  volumes  are  subject  to  an  increased  per
gallon  rate.    Amounts  expensed  as  tolling  fees  under  the  Tolling  Agreement  are  reflected  in  cost  of  refined  products  sold  in  our  consolidated  statements  of
operations.

Financial Agreements.

Loan  and  Security  Agreement .    In  August  2016,  BDPL  entered  a  loan  and  security  agreement  with  LEH  as  evidenced  by  a  promissory  note  in  the  original
principal amount of $4.0 million (the “LEH Loan Agreement”).  The LEH Loan Agreement matures in August 2018 and accrues interest at rate of 16.00%.  A final
balloon payment is due at maturity.

The  proceeds  of  the  LEH  Loan  Agreement  were  used  for  working  capital.    There  are  no  financial  maintenance  covenants  associated  with  the  LEH  Loan
Agreement.  The LEH Loan Agreement is secured by certain property owned by BDPL. Outstanding principal owed to LEH under the LEH Loan Agreement is
reflected in long-term debt, related party, current portion in our consolidated balance sheets.  Accrued interest under the LEH Loan Agreement is reflected in
interest payable, current portion in our consolidated balance sheets.

Promissory Notes.  We currently rely on LEH and its affiliates (including Jonathan Carroll) to fund our working capital requirements.  The below promissory notes
represent non-cash advances, such as conversions of accounts payable to debt, to fund our working capital requirements. There can be no assurance that LEH
and its affiliates will continue to fund our working capital requirements.

● June  LEH  Note  –  In  March  2017,  Blue  Dolphin  entered  a  promissory  note  with  LEH  (the  “March  LEH  Note”).    In  June  2017,  the  March  LEH  Note  was
amended and restated to increase the principal amount (the “June LEH Note”).  The June LEH Note accrued interest at a rate of 8.00% and had a maturity
date  of  January  2019.    During  the  second  quarter  of  2017,  principal  and  accrued  interest  balance  due  under  the  June  LEH  Note  was  settled  to  $0  with
amounts owed to us by LEH under the Jet Fuel Sales Agreement.

● March Ingleside Note – In March 2017, a promissory note between Blue Dolphin and Ingleside was amended and restated (the “March Ingleside Note”) to
increase the principal and extend the maturity date to January 2019. Interest under the March Ingleside Note, which is compounded annually and accrued at
a rate of 8.00%, was paid in kind and added to the outstanding balance.  Under the March Ingleside Note, prepayment, in whole or in part, is permissible at
any time and from time to time, without premium or penalty.

● March Carroll Note – In March 2017, a promissory note between Blue Dolphin and Jonathan Carroll was amended and restated (the “March Carroll Note”) to
increase the principal amount, revise the payment terms to reflect payment in cash and shares of Blue Dolphin Common Stock, and extend the maturity date
to January 2019.  Interest under the March Carroll Note, which is compounded annually and accrued at a rate of 8.00%, was paid in kind and added to the
outstanding balance.  Under the March Carroll Note, prepayment, in whole or in part, is permissible at any time and from time to time, without premium or
penalty.

Outstanding  principal  and  accrued  interest  owed  to  Ingleside  and  Jonathan  Carroll  under  the  March  Ingleside  Note  and  March  Carroll  Note,  respectively,  are
reflected in long-term debt, related party, net of current portion in our consolidated balance sheets.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Debt Assumption Agreement.  On September 18, 2017, LEH paid, on LE’s behalf, certain obligations totaling $3,648,742 to GEL relating to the GEL Arbitration
and  the  GEL  Letter  Agreement.  In  exchange  for  such  payments,  LE  agreed  to  assume  $3,677,953  of  LEH’s  existing  indebtedness  pursuant  to  the  Debt
Assumption Agreement, entered on November 14, 2017 and made effective September 18, 2017, by and among LE, LEH and John Kissick.  Debt held by John
Kissick, including the debt associated with the Debt Assumption Agreement, is reported in this Annual Report as the Notre Dame Debt and is reflected in long-
term debt less unamortized debt issue costs, current portion in our consolidated balance sheets, as it is currently in default.  (See “Note (10) Long-Term Debt,
Net” for further discussion related to the Notre Dame Debt.)

Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements .  Pursuant to Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements, Jonathan Carroll earns fees for providing
his personal guarantee on certain LE and LRM long-term debt.  Jonathan Carroll was required to guarantee repayment of funds borrowed and interest accrued
under certain LE and LRM loan agreements.  Amounts owed to Jonathan Carroll under Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements are reflected within
long-term debt, related party, net of current portion in our consolidated balance sheets.  Amounts expensed related to Amended and Restated Guarantee Fee
Agreements are reflected within interest and other expense in our consolidated statements of operations.

The First Amendment, Second Amendment, Third Amendment and Fourth Amendment prohibit Blue Dolphin and its affiliates from making any pre-payments on
indebtedness,  other  than  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business  as  described  in  the  GEL  Letter  Agreement,  and  from  making  any  payments  to  Jonathan  Carroll
under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee  Agreements  between  November  1,  2017  and  the  end  of  the  Continuance  Period.  (Jonathan  Carroll  has
received  no  cash  payments  since  August  2016  and  no  common  stock  payments  since  May  2017  under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee
Agreements.) (See “Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net” for further discussion related to these guaranty fee agreements.)

Financial Statements Impact.

Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.    Accounts  receivable,  related  party  to  LEH  associated  with  the  Jet  Fuel  Sales  Agreement  was  $652,928  and  $1,161,589  at
December  31,  2017  and  2016,  respectively.    Accounts  payable,  related  party  to  LMT  associated  with  the  Tolling  Agreement  was  $974,400  and  $369,600  at
December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Long-term debt, related party associated with the LEH Loan Agreement, March Ingleside Note, and March Carroll Note as of the dates indicated was as follows:

LEH
Ingleside
Jonathan Carroll

 Less: Long-term debt, related party,  
         current portion

December 31,  

  $

2017
4,000,000 
1,168,748 
439,733 

  $

2016
4,000,000 
722,278 
592,412 

5,608,481 

5,314,690 

(4,000,000)

(500,000)

  $

1,608,481 

  $

4,814,690 

Accrued interest associated with the LEH Loan Agreement was $892,444 and $243,556 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Consolidated Statements of Operations.  Related party revenue from LEH associated with:

Jet fuel sales
Jet fuel storage fees
HOBM sales
Other product sales

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

  $

81,094,419 

  $

37,757,612 

3,425,455 
- 

3,322,770 
2,824,408 

  $

85,194,874 

  $

45,029,790 

Related party cost of goods sold associated with the Tolling Agreement with LMT totaled $604,800 and $369,600 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and
2016, respectively.

Related  party  refinery  operating  expenses  associated  with  the  Amended  and  Restated  Operating  Agreement  with  LEH  and  the  Amended  and  Restated  Tank
Lease Agreement with Ingleside for the periods indicated were as follows:

LEH
Ingleside

Years Ended December 31,

2017

  $

Amount
8,145,553 
- 

  $

Per bbl

  $

1.81 
- 

2016

Amount
11,140,676 
900,000 

  $

  $

8,145,553 

  $

1.81 

  $

12,040,676 

  $

Per bbl

3.10 
0.25 

3.35 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  refinery  operating  expenses  per  bbl  decreased  compared  to  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  due  to  the  revised
cost-plus  expense  reimbursement  structure.    In  addition,  refinery  operating  expenses  per  bbl  were  higher  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  due  to
significant refinery downtime.

Related party interest expense associated with the LEH Loan Agreement and Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements for the periods indicated was
as follows:

Jonathan Carroll
LEH

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

  $
  $

663,130 
706,146 

  $

692,969 
243,556 

  $

1,369,276 

  $

936,525 

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(9)

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities as of the dates indicated consisted of the following: 

Unearned revenue
Board of director fees payable
Property taxes
Other payable
Customer deposits
Excise and income taxes payable
Insurance

(10)

Long-Term Debt, Net

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

  $

December 31,  

2017

2016

  $

449,800 
206,429 
130,736 
116,361 
109,029 
79,260 
67,850 

408,770 
136,429 
4,694 
189,719 
450,000 
24,187 
67,783 

  $

1,159,465 

  $

1,281,582 

Long-term  debt,  net  represents  the  outstanding  principal  of  long-term  debt  less  associated  debt  issue  costs.    Long-term  debt,  net  as  of  the  dates  indicated
consisted of the following:

First Term Loan Due 2034 (in default)
Second Term Loan Due 2034 (in default)
Notre Dame Debt (in default)
Term Loan Due 2017
Capital Leases

Less: Current portion of long-term debt, net

Less: Unamortized debt issue costs

December 31,

2017

23,199,031 
9,501,930 
4,977,953 
- 
- 
37,678,914 

  $

  $

2016

23,924,607 
9,729,853 
1,300,000 
184,994 
135,879 
35,275,333 

  $

  $

(35,544,402)

(31,712,336)

(2,134,512)

(2,262,997)

  $

- 

  $

1,300,000 

Unamortized debt issue costs, which relate to secured loan agreements with Veritex, as of the dates indicated consisted of the following:

First Term Loan Due 2034 (in default)
Second Term Loan Due 2034 (in default)

Less: Accumulated amortization

Amortization expense was $128,484 and $128,233 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

December 31,

  $

2017
1,673,545 
767,673 

  $

2016
1,673,545 
767,673 

(306,706)

(178,221)

  $

2,134,512 

  $

2,262,997 

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Accrued interest associated with long-term debt, net is reflected as interest payable, current portion and long-term interest payable, net of current portion in our
consolidated balance sheets and includes related party interest.  Accrued interest as of the dates indicated consisted of the following:

Notre Dame Debt (in default)
LEH Loan Agreement (related party)
Second Term Loan Due 2034 (in default)
First Term Loan Due 2034 (in default)
Capital Leases
Term Loan Due 2017

Less: Interest payable, current portion

  $

December 31,

  $

2017
2,046,083 
892,444 
49,202 
40,042 
- 
- 

2016
1,691,383 
243,556 
44,984 
33,866 
1,165 
185 

3,027,771 

2,015,139 

(3,027,771)

(323,756)

Long-term interest payable, net of current portion

  $

- 

  $

1,691,383 

At December 31, 2017, our expected future long-term debt payments were as follow:

Years Ending December 31,

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Subsequent to 2022

 Principal
41,678,914 
1,608,481 
- 
- 
- 
- 
43,287,395 

  $

  $

  $

 Debt Issue Costs 
(2,134,512)
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(2,134,512)

 Total

39,544,402 
1,608,481 
- 
- 
- 
- 
41,152,883 

  $

  $

  $

Related Party.  See “Note (8) Related Party Transactions” for additional disclosures with respect to related party long-term debt.

First Term Loan Due 2034 (In Default). LE has a 2015 loan agreement and related security agreement  with Veritex as administrative agent and lender.  The loan
agreement is for a term loan in the principal amount of $25.0 million  (the “First Term Loan Due 2034”).  The First Term Loan Due 2034 matures in June 2034,
has  a  current  monthly  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  $198,786,  and  accrues  interest  at  a  rate  based  on  the  Wall  Street  Journal  Prime  Rate  plus
2.75%.  Pursuant to a construction rider in the First Term Loan Due 2034, proceeds available for use were placed in a disbursement account whereby Veritex
makes payments for construction related expenses. Amounts held in the disbursement account are reflected as restricted cash (current portion) and restricted
cash, noncurrent in our consolidated balance sheets.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

As described elsewhere in this Annual Report, Veritex notified LE that the Final Arbitration Award constitutes an event of default under the First Term Loan Due
2034.  In addition to existing events of default related to the Final Arbitration Award, at December 31, 2017, LE was in violation of the debt service coverage
ratio, the current ratio, and debt to net worth ratio financial covenants related to the first Term Loan Due 2034.  LE also failed to replenish a payment reserve
account  as  required.    The  occurrence  of  events  of  default  under  the  First  Term  Loan  Due  2034  permits  Veritex  to  declare  the  amounts  owed  under  the  First
Term  Loan  Due  2034  immediately  due  and  payable,  exercise  its  rights  with  respect  to  collateral  securing  LE’s  obligations  under  the  loan  agreement,  and/or
exercise any other rights and remedies available.  Veritex informed obligors that it is not currently exercising its rights, privileges and remedies under the First
Term Loan Due 2034 considering the ongoing settlement discussions with GEL and the continuance of the hearing on confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award
and to allow Veritex to evaluate any proposed settlement agreement related to the Final Arbitration Award, which would require Veritex’s approval.  However,
Veritex expressly reserved all its rights, privileges and remedies related to events of default under the First Term Loan Due 2034 and informed LE that it would
consider a final confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award to be a material event of default under the loan agreement.  Any exercise by Veritex of its rights and
remedies under the First Term Loan Due 2034 would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and would
likely require us to seek protection under bankruptcy laws.  (See “Note (1) Organization – Going Concern and Operating Risks” for additional disclosures related
to the First Term Loan Due 2034, the Final Arbitration Award and financial covenant violations.)

As  a  condition  of  the  First  Term  Loan  Due  2034,  Jonathan  Carroll  was  required  to  guarantee  r epayment  of  funds  borrowed  and  interest  accrued  under  the
loan.    For  his  personal  guarantee,  LE  entered  a  Guaranty  Fee  Agreement  with  Jonathan  Carroll  whereby  he  earns  a  fee  equal  to  2.00%  per  annum  of  the
outstanding principal balance owed under the First Term Loan Due 2034.  Effective in April 2017, the Guaranty Fee Agreement associated with the First Term
Loan Due 2034 was amended and restated to reflect payment in cash and shares of Blue Dolphin Common Stock.  For the years ended December 31, 2017 and
2016,  guaranty  fees  earned  by  Jonathan  Carroll  related  to  the  First  Term  Loan  Due  2034  totaled  $470,610  and  $485,463,  respectively.  Guaranty  fees  are
recognized monthly as incurred and are included in interest and other expense in our consolidated statements of operations. (Jonathan Carroll has received no
cash payments since August 2016 and no common stock payments since May 2017 under the Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements.)   LEH, LRM
and  Blue  Dolphin  also  guaranteed  the  First  Term  Loan  Due  2034.  (See  “Note  (8)  Related  Party  Transactions”  for  additional  disclosures  related  to  LEH  and
Jonathan Carroll)

A portion of the proceeds of the First Term Loan Due 2034 were used to refinance approximately $8.5 million of debt owed under a previous debt facility with
American First National Bank.  Remaining proceeds are being used primarily to construct new petroleum storage tanks at the Nixon Facility. The First Term Loan
Due 2034 is secured by: (i) a first lien on all Nixon Facility business assets (excluding accounts receivable and inventory), (ii) assignment of all Nixon Facility
contracts, permits, and licenses, (iii) absolute assignment of Nixon Facility rents and leases, including tank rental income, (iv) a payment reserve account held by
Veritex, and (v) a pledge of $5.0 million of a life insurance policy on Jonathan Carroll.  The First Term Loan Due 2034 contains representations and warranties,
affirmative, restrictive, and financial covenants, as well as events of default which are customary for bank facilities of this type.

Second Term Loan Due 2034 (In Default) . LRM has a 2015 loan agreement and related security agreement with Veritex as administrative agent and lender.  The
loan agreement is for a term loan in the principal amount of $10.0 million (the “Second Term Loan Due 2034”).  The Second Term Loan Due 2034 matures in
December 2034, has a current monthly payment of principal and interest of $74,111, and accrues interest at a rate based on the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate
plus 2.75%.  Pursuant to a construction rider in the Second Term Loan Due 2034, proceeds available for use were placed in a disbursement account whereby
Veritex  makes  payments  for  construction  related  expenses.  Amounts  held  in  the  disbursement  account  are  reflected  as  restricted  cash  (current  portion)  and
restricted cash, noncurrent in our consolidated balance sheets.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

As described elsewhere in this Annual Report, Veritex notified LRM that the Final Arbitration Award constitutes an event of default under the Second Term Loan
Due  2034.    In  addition  to  existing  events  of  default  related  to  the  Final  Arbitration  Award,  at  December  31,  2017,  LRM  was  in  violation  of  the  debt  service
coverage ratio, the current ratio, and debt to net worth ratio financial covenants related to the Second Term Loan Due 2034.  The occurrence of events of default
under the Second Term Loan Due 2034 permits Veritex to declare the amounts owed under the Second Term Loan Due 2034 immediately due and payable,
exercise  its  rights  with  respect  to  collateral  securing  LRM’s  obligations  under  the  loan  agreement,  and/or  exercise  any  other  rights  and  remedies
available.  Veritex informed obligors that it is not currently exercising its rights, privileges and remedies under the Second Term Loan Due 2034 considering the
ongoing settlement discussions with GEL and the continuance of the hearing on confirmation of the Final Arbitration Award and to allow Veritex to evaluate any
proposed settlement agreement related to the Final Arbitration Award, which would require Veritex’s approval.  However, Veritex expressly reserved all its rights,
privileges and remedies related to events of default under the Second Term Loan Due 2034 and informed LRM that it would consider a final confirmation of the
Final Arbitration Award to be a material event of default under the loan agreement.  Any exercise by Veritex of its rights and remedies under the Second Term
Loan Due 2034 would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and would likely require us to seek protection
under bankruptcy laws. (See “Note (1) Organization – Going Concern and Operating Risks” for additional disclosures related to the First Term Loan Due 2034,
the Final Arbitration Award and financial covenant violations.)

As a condition of the Second Term Loan Due 2034, Jonathan Carroll was required to guarantee repayment of funds borrowed and interest accrued under the
loan.    For  his  personal  guarantee,  LRM  entered  a  Guaranty  Fee  Agreement  with  Jonathan  Carroll  whereby  he  earns  a  fee  equal  to  2.00%  per  annum  of  the
outstanding principal balance owed under the Second Term Loan Due 2034.  Effective in April 2017, the Guaranty Fee Agreement associated with the Second
Term Loan Due 2034 was amended and restated to reflect payment in cash and shares of Blue Dolphin Common Stock.  For the years ended December 31,
2017 and 2016, guaranty fees earned by Jonathan Carroll related to the Second Term Loan Due 2034 totaled $192,108 and $197,024, respectively.  Guaranty
fees are recognized monthly as incurred and are included in interest and other expense in our consolidated statements of operations.   (Jonathan Carroll has
received  no  cash  payments  since  August  2016  and  no  common  stock  payments  since  May  2017  under  the  Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee
Agreements.)    LEH,  LE  and  Blue  Dolphin  also  guaranteed  the  Second  Term  Loan  Due  2034.    (See  “Note  (8)  Related  Party  Transactions”  for  additional
disclosures related to LEH and Jonathan Carroll.)

A  portion  of  the  proceeds  of  the  Second  Term  Loan  Due  2034  were  used  to  refinance  a  previous  bridge  loan  from  Veritex  in  the  amount  of  $3.0
million.  Remaining proceeds are being used primarily to construct additional new petroleum storage tanks at the Nixon Facility. The Second Term Loan Due
2034 is secured by: (i) a second priority lien on the rights of LE in the Nixon Facility and the other collateral of LE pursuant to a security agreement; (ii) a first
priority lien on the real property interests of LRM; (iii) a first priority lien on all of LRM’s fixtures, furniture, machinery and equipment; (iv) a first priority lien on all
of LRM’s contractual rights, general intangibles and instruments, except with respect to LRM’s rights in its leases of certain specified tanks, with respect to which
Veritex has a second priority lien in such leases subordinate to a prior lien granted by LRM to Veritex to secure obligations of LRM under the Term Loan Due
2017; and (v) all other collateral as described in the security documents.  The Second Term Loan Due 2034 contains representations and warranties, affirmative,
restrictive, and financial covenants, as well as events of default which are customary for bank facilities of this type.

Notre Dame Debt (In Default) . LE entered a loan with Notre Dame Investors, Inc. as evidenced by a promissory note in the original principal amount of $8.0
million, which is currently held by John Kissick (the “Notre Dame Debt”). Pursuant to a Sixth Amendment to the Notre Dame Debt, entered on November 14,
2017 and made effective September 18, 2017, the Notre Dame Debt was amended to increase the principal amount by $3,677,953 (the “Additional Principal”).
The Additional Principal was used to make payments to GEL to reduce the balance of the Final Arbitration Award in the amount of $3,648,742 in accordance
with the GEL Letter Agreement.  Interest on the principal accrues at a rate of 16.00%.  The Notre Dame Debt matured in January 2018, however, pursuant to a
Subordination Agreement dated June 2015, the holder of the Notre Dame Debt agreed to subordinate its right to payments, as well as any security interest and
liens on the Nixon Facility, in favor of Veritex as holder of the First Term Loan Due 2034.

The Notre Dame Debt is secured by a Deed of Trust, Security Agreement and Financing Statements (the “Subordinated Deed of Trust”), which encumbers the
Nixon Facility and general assets of LE.  There are no financial maintenance covenants associated with the Notre Dame Debt.

Term Loan Due 2017. LRM had a 2014 loan and security agreement with Veritex for a term loan facility in the principal amount of $2.0 million (the “Term Loan
Due  2017”).    The  Term  Loan  Due  2017  was  amended  in  March  2015,  pursuant  to  a  Loan  Modification  Agreement  (the  “March  Loan  Modification
Agreement”).  Under the March Loan Modification Agreement, the interest rate was modified to be the greater of the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate plus 2.75%
or  6.00%,  and  the  due  date  was  extended  to  March  2017.    Pursuant  to  the  March  Loan  Modification  Agreement,  the  Term  Loan  Due  2017  had  a  monthly
principal payment of $61,665 plus interest. The Term Loan Due 2017 was paid off in March 2017.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

As a condition of the Term Loan Due 2017, Jonathan Carroll was required to guarantee r epayment of funds borrowed and interest accrued under the loan.  For
his personal guarantee, LRM entered a Guaranty Fee Agreement with Jonathan Carroll whereby he earned a fee equal to 2.00% per annum of the outstanding
principal balance owed under the Term Loan Due 2017.  Effective in April 2017, the Guaranty Fee Agreement associated with the Term Loan Due 2017 was
amended and restated to reflect payment in cash and shares of Blue Dolphin Common Stock. (Guaranty Fee Agreements associated with the First Term Loan
Due 2034, Second Term Loan Due 2034, and Term Loan Due 2017 are collectively referred to in this Annual Report as the “Amended and Restated Guaranty
Fee Agreements”).  For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, guaranty fees earned by Jonathan Carroll related to the Term Loan Due 2017 totaled
$411  and  $10,483,  respectively.  Guaranty  fees  are  recognized  monthly  as  incurred  and  are  included  in  interest  and  other  expense  in  our  consolidated
statements  of  operations.  (Jonathan  Carroll  has  received  no  cash  payments  since  August  2016  and  no  common  stock  payments  since  May  2017  under  the
Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreements.)

Capital Leases.  In 2014, LRM entered a 36-month build-to-suit capital lease for the purchase of new boiler equipment for the Nixon Facility. The lease, which
was guaranteed by Blue Dolphin, required a quarterly payment in the amount of $44,258. The lease matured in December 2017, and management is currently
evaluating  end  of  lease  options.  One  of  the  boilers  was  placed  in  service  during  the  second  quarter  of  2017,  being  reclassified  on  our  consolidated  balance
sheets from construction in progress to refinery and facilities. The other boiler remains in construction in progress.

A summary of equipment held under long-term capital leases as of the dates indicated follows:

Boiler equipment
Less: accumulated depreciation

December 31,  

2017

2016

  $

538,598 
7,655 

  $

538,598 
- 

  $

546,253 

  $

538,598 

At December 31, 2017, there were no future minimum lease commitments under non-cancelable capital leases.

(11)

Asset Retirement Obligations

Refinery  and  Facilities.  Management  has  concluded  that  there  is  no  legal  or  contractual  obligation  to  dismantle  or  remove  the  refinery  and  facilities  assets.
Management believes that the refinery and facilities assets have indeterminate lives under FASB ASC guidance for estimating AROs because dates or ranges of
dates upon which we would retire these assets cannot reasonably be estimated at this time. When a legal or contractual obligation to dismantle or remove the
refinery  and  facilities  assets  arises  and  a  date  or  range  of  dates  can  reasonably  be  estimated  for  the  retirement  of  these  assets,  we  will  estimate  the  cost  of
performing the retirement activities and record a liability for the fair value of that cost using present value techniques.

Pipelines and Facilities and Oil and Gas Properties .  We have AROs associated with the dismantlement and abandonment in place of our pipelines and facilities
assets,  as  well  as  the  plugging  and  abandonment  of  our  oil  and  gas  properties.    We  recorded  a  discounted  liability  for  the  fair  value  of  an  ARO  with  a
corresponding increase to the carrying value of the related long-lived asset at the time the asset was installed or placed in service. We depreciate the amount
added  to  property  and  equipment  and  recognize  accretion  expense  relating  to  the  discounted  liability  over  the  remaining  life  of  the  asset.  Plugging  and
abandonment costs are recorded during the period incurred or as information becomes available to substantiate actual and/or probable costs.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Changes to our ARO liability for the periods indicated were as follows:

Asset retirement obligations, at the beginning of the period
Liabilities settled
Accretion expense

Less: asset retirement obligations, current portion

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

  $

December 31,    

  $

2017
2,027,639 
(444)
287,376 
2,314,571 
(2,314,571)

2016
1,985,864 
(70,969)
112,744 
2,027,639 
(17,510)

Long-term asset retirement obligations, at the end of the period

  $

- 

  $

2,010,129 

Liabilities  settled  represents  amounts  paid  for  plugging  and  abandonment  costs  against  the  asset’s  ARO  liability.    At  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  we
recognized  $444  and  $70,969,  respectively,  in  liabilities  settled.  Abandonment  expense  represents  amounts  paid  for  plugging  and  abandonment  costs  that
exceed the asset’s ARO liability.  For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we recognized $0 in abandonment expense.

(12)

Impairment

For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we recorded impairment expense of $303,346 and $968,684, respectively.  The impairment expense for the
year ended December 31, 2017 related to trade name.  The impairment expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 related to our pipeline fixed assets.

At the time of the 2012 reverse acquisition, our trade name valuation was tied to pipeline transportation and exploration and production revenue and assumed,
under  the  relief-from-royalty  approach,  a  growth  rate  of  2.2%  annually.    Although  growth  in  these  operations  did  not  materialize  for  economic  reasons,
management  believed  there  was  value  associated  with  Blue  Dolphin’s  listing  as  a  publicly-traded  company.    Given  the  decline  in  the  price  per  share  of  our
common stock following the Final Arbitration Award, we fully impaired the trade name asset. Trade name is not associated with, nor is it material to, our refinery
operations business segment.

(13)

Treasury Stock

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, we had 0 and 150,000 shares of treasury stock, respectively.  In May 2017, we issued 150,000 shares of treasury stock to
Jonathan Carroll as payment for amounts due under the March Carroll Note. The issuance price of the treasury stock issued to Mr. Carroll was $2.48 per share,
which  represents  the  preceding  30-day  average  closing  price  of  the  Common  Stock,  in  accordance  with  the  Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee
Agreements.  The shares of treasury stock issued to Mr. Carroll are restricted per applicable securities holding periods for affiliates.

(14)

Concentration of Risk

Bank Accounts. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of risk consist primarily of cash, trade receivables and payables. We maintain
our  cash  balances  at  financial  institutions  located  in  Houston,  Texas.  In  the  U.S.,  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation  (the  “FDIC”)  insures  certain
financial products up to a maximum of $250,000 per depositor.  At December 31, 2017 and 2016, we had cash balances (including restricted cash) of more than
the FDIC insurance limit per depositor in the amount of $1,602,045 and $5,372,689, respectively.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Key Supplier.

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

As discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report, we ceased purchases of crude oil and condensate from GEL under the Crude Supply Agreement in November
2016.    (See  “Part  I,  Item  1A.  Risk  Factors”  and  “Note  (19)  Commitments  and  Contingencies  –  Legal  Matters”  for  disclosures  related  to  the  Crude  Supply
Agreement,  the  contract-related  dispute  with  GEL,  and  the  Final  Arbitration  Award.)    We  currently  have  in  place  a  month-to-month  evergreen  crude  supply
contract with a major integrated oil and gas company.  This supplier currently provides us with adequate amounts of crude oil and condensate, and we expect
the supplier to continue to do so for the foreseeable future.  However, our ability to purchase crude oil and condensate is dependent on our liquidity and access
to capital, which have been adversely affected by net losses, working capital deficits, the contract-related dispute with GEL, and financial covenant defaults in
secured  loan  agreements.    The  Final  Arbitration  Award  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  ability  to  procure  adequate  amounts  of  crude  oil  and
condensate from our current supplier or otherwise.

Significant Customers. We routinely assess the financial strength of our customers and have not experienced significant write-downs in our accounts receivable
balances.  Therefore, we believe that our accounts receivable credit risk exposure is limited.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we had 3 customers that accounted for approximately 70% of our refined petroleum product sales.  LEH was 1 of these
3 significant customers and accounted for approximately 33% of our refined petroleum product sales.  At December 31, 2017, these 3 customers represented
approximately  $1.3  million  in  accounts  receivable.    LEH  represented  approximately  $0.7  million  in  accounts  receivable.    LEH,  which  is  HUBZone  certified,
purchases our jet fuel and resells the jet fuel to a government agency.  (See “Part I, Item 1. Business – Management” and “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements
and Supplementary Data – Note (8) Related Party Transactions, Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net, and Note (19) Commitments and Contingencies – Financing
Agreements” for additional disclosures related to LEH.)

For the year ended December 31, 2016, we had 4 customers that accounted for approximately 67% of our refined petroleum product sales.  LEH was one of
these  4  significant  customers  and  accounted  for  approximately  27%  of  our  refined  petroleum  product  sales.  At  December  31,  2016,  these  4  customers
represented approximately $1.6 million in accounts receivable.  LEH represented approximately $1.6 million in accounts receivable.

Refined  Petroleum  Product  Sales.  Our  refined  petroleum  products  are  primarily  sold  in  the  U.S.  However,  with  the  opening  of  the  Mexican  diesel  market  to
private companies, we occasionally sell low-sulfur diesel to customers that export to Mexico.   Total refined petroleum product sales by distillation (from light to
heavy) for the periods indicated consisted of the following:

LPG mix
Naphtha
Jet fuel
HOBM
Reduced Crude
AGO

Years Ended December 31,    

2017

2016

  $

122,911 
60,407,725 
81,094,418 
54,851,030 
- 
59,071,227 

0.1%   $
23.6%    
31.7%    
21.5%    
0.0%    
23.1%    

714,285 
35,544,394 
55,459,227 
35,924,098 
3,791,919 
33,979,855 

0.4%
21.5%
33.5%
21.8%
2.3%
20.5%

  $ 255,547,311 

100.0%   $ 165,413,778 

100.0%

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(15)

Leases

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Our  principal  office  is  in  Houston,  Texas.    The  office  space  is  leased  by  BDSC,  as  lessee,  under  a  2006  lease  agreement  that  expired  in  September
2017.    Effective  January  1,  2018,  BDSC  entered  an  amended  lease  agreement  (the  “Lease  Amendment”)  that:  (i)  reduced  the  leased  premises  from  13,878
square feet to 7,675 square feet (ii) extended the lease period by sixty-eight (68) months expiring on August 31, 2023, and (iii) has an initial monthly base rental
of $18,868. Of the 7,675 square feet, 1,186 square feet is used and paid for by LEH.  The Lease Amendment includes an allowance for lessee improvements,
rent abatements, and a five-year renewal option.

For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, rent expense totaled $161,920 and $142,604, respectively. Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line
basis.

At December 31, 2017, there were no future minimum lease commitments that were non-cancelable under our expiring office lease.  However, future minimum
lease commitments that were non-cancelable under the Lease Amendment were as follow:

Years Ending December 31,
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023

(16)

Income Taxes

  $

  $

113,206 
190,276 
229,930 
233,448 
237,285 
160,535 
1,164,680 

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was signed into law. The principal element of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act relevant to our financial statements
is a reduction in the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 34% to 21%, effective January 1, 2018. Other provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act did not have a
significant impact on our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The provision for income taxes as of the dates indicated consisted of the following:

Current
Deferred
Deferred provision
Impact of change in enacted tax rates
Change in valuation allowance
Total provision for income taxes

December 31,

2017

  $

- 

  $

6,654,184 
(6,654,184)
0 

  $

  $

2016

- 
- 
- 
- 
(3,607,237)
(3,607,237)

In 2017, our effective tax rate differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to re-measuring deferred income taxes at the new statutory tax rate and
the related change of the valuation allowance over our deferred tax assets.  At the date of enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, we re-measured our deferred
tax assets and liabilities using a rate of 21%, which is the rate expected to be in place when such deferred assets and liabilities are expected to reverse in the
future.    The  re-measurement  reduced  our  net  deferred  tax  assets  by  $6,654,184.    In  2016,  our  effective  tax  rate  differed  from  the  U.S.  federal  statutory  rate
primarily due to a change in the valuation allowance of our deferred tax assets.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

The state of Texas has a Texas margins tax (“TMT”), which is a form of business tax imposed on gross margin. Although TMT is imposed on an entity’s gross
profit  rather  than  on  its  net  income,  certain  aspects  of  TMT  make  it  like  an  income  tax.    Accordingly,  TMT  is  treated  as  an  income  tax  for  financial  reporting
purposes.

Effective Tax Rate.  Our effective tax rate was as follows:

Expected tax rate
Permanent differences
State tax
Federal tax
Change in valuation allowance

Deferred income taxes as of the dates indicated consisted of the following:

Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards
Accrued arbitration award payable
Start-up costs (Nixon Facility)
Asset retirement obligations liability/deferred revenue
AMT credit and other
Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:
Basis differences in property and equipment
Total deferred tax liabilities

Valuation allowance

Deferred tax assets, net

December 31,

2017

2016

34.00%    
0.00%    
0.00%    
0.00%    
(34.00%)   
0.00%    

34.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
(63.66%)
(29.66%)

December 31,

2017

2016

  $

  $

9,767,205 
4,122,187 
763,428 
494,816 
216,925 
15,364,561 

13,550,338 
- 
1,373,363 
717,751 
266,522 
15,907,974 

(4,415,061)
(4,415,061)

(5,895,943)
(5,895,943)

10,949,500 

10,012,031 

(10,949,500)

(10,012,031)

  $

- 

  $

- 

Deferred Income Taxes.  Deferred income tax balances reflect the effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and
their tax basis, as well as from NOL carryforwards.  We state those balances at the enacted tax rates we expect will be in effect when taxes are paid.  NOL
carryforwards and deferred tax assets represent amounts available to reduce future taxable income.

NOL  Carryforwards .    Under  IRC  Section  382,  a  corporation  that  undergoes  an  “ownership  change”  is  subject  to  limitations  on  its  use  of  pre-change  NOL
carryforwards to offset future taxable income. Within the meaning of IRC Section 382, an “ownership change” occurs when the aggregate stock ownership of
certain  stockholders  (generally  5%  shareholders,  applying  certain  look-through  rules)  increases  by  more  than  50  percentage  points  over  such  stockholders'
lowest percentage ownership during the testing period (generally three years). For income tax purposes, we experienced ownership changes in 2005, relating to
a  series  of  private  placements,  and  in  2012,  because  of  a  reverse  acquisition,  that  limit  the  use  of  pre-change  NOL  carryforwards  to  offset  future  taxable
income.  In general, the annual use limitation equals the aggregate value of common stock at the time of the ownership change multiplied by a specified tax-
exempt  interest  rate.  The  2012  ownership  change  will  subject  approximately  $16.3  million  in  NOL  carryforwards  that  were  generated  prior  to  the  ownership
change to an annual use limitation of $638,196 per year.  Unused portions of the annual use limitation amount may be used in subsequent years.  Because of
the  annual  use  limitation,  approximately  $6.7  million  in  NOL  carryforwards  that  were  generated  prior  to  the  2012  ownership  change  will  expire  unused.    NOL
carryforwards that were generated after the 2012 ownership change are not subject to an annual use limitation under IRC Section 382 and may be used for a
period of 20 years in addition to available amounts of NOL carryforwards generated prior to the ownership change.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

NOL  carryforwards  that  remained  available  for  future  use  for  the  periods  indicated  were  as  follow  (amounts  shown  are  net  of  NOLs  that  will  expire  unused
because of the IRC Section 382 limitation):

Balance at December 31, 2015

Net operating losses

Balance at December 31, 2016

Net operating losses

Balance at December 31, 2017

Net Operating Loss Carryforward

Pre-Ownership
Change
9,614,449 

  $

Post-Ownership
Change
9,616,941 

  $

Total

  $

19,231,390 

- 

13,945,128 

13,945,128 

  $

9,614,449 

  $

23,562,069 

  $

33,176,518 

- 

6,656,563 

6,656,563 

  $

9,614,449 

  $

30,218,632 

  $

39,833,081 

Valuation Allowance . As of each reporting date, management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, to determine the realizability of deferred tax
assets.  Management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all the deferred tax assets will be realized, which is dependent upon the
generation of future taxable income prior to the expiration of any NOL carryforwards. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, management determined that cumulative
losses  incurred  over  the  prior  three-year  period  provided  significant  objective  evidence  that  limited  the  ability  to  consider  other  subjective  evidence,  such  as
projections  for  future  growth.  Based  on  this  evaluation,  we  recorded  a  full  valuation  allowance  against  the  deferred  tax  assets  as  of  December  31,  2017  and
2016.

(17)

Earnings Per Share

A reconciliation between basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated was as follows:

Net loss

Basic and diluted income per share

Basic and Diluted
Weighted average number of shares of
common stock outstanding and potential
dilutive shares of common stock

Years Ended December 31,

2017
  $ (22,328,390)

2016
  $ (15,767,448)

  $

(2.09)

  $

(1.51)

10,689,615 

10,464,061 

Diluted  EPS  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income  available  to  common  stockholders  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  shares  of  common  stock
outstanding.    Diluted  EPS  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017  and  2016  was  the  same  as  basic  EPS  as  there  were  no  stock  options  or  other  dilutive
instruments outstanding.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(18)

Inventory Risk Management

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

During 2017, we began selling certain of our refined petroleum products immediately following production, which minimizes inventory, improves cash flow, and
reduces  commodity  risk/exposure.    Previously,  Genesis/GEL  used  commodity  futures  contracts  to  mitigate  the  volatile  change  in  value  for  our  crude  oil  and
refined petroleum products inventory.

The following table provides the effect of derivative instruments in our consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016: 

Derivatives
Commodity contracts

  Statements of Operations Location
  Cost of refined products sold

(19)

Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Matters.

Gain (Loss) Recognized

Years Ended December 31,

2017

  $

- 

  $

2016
(2,445,898)

GEL Contract-Related Dispute and Final Arbitration Award .  See “Note (1) Organization – Going Concern – Final GEL Arbitration Award” for disclosures related to
the GEL contract-related dispute and Final Arbitration Award.  In addition, see "Part I, Item 3. Legal Proceedings” for additional information regarding the contract
related dispute and Final Arbitration Award.

Veritex Secured Loan Agreement Event of Default .  See “Note (1) Organization – Going Concern – Veritex Secured Loan Agreement Event of Default” and “Note
(10) Long-Term Debt, Net” for disclosures related to defaults under secured loan agreements.

Other  Legal  Matters.    From  time  to  time  we  are  involved  in  routine  lawsuits,  claims,  and  proceedings  incidental  to  the  conduct  of  our  business,  including
mechanic’s liens and administrative proceedings.  Management does not believe that such matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position,
earnings, or cash flows.

Amended  and  Restated  Operating  Agreement .  See  “Note  (8)  Related  Party  Transactions”  for  additional  disclosures  related  to  the  Amended  and  Restated
Operating Agreement.

Financing Agreements. See “Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net” for additional disclosures related to financing agreements.

Guarantees.  Blue  Dolphin  and  certain  of  its  subsidiaries  have  guarantees  for  affiliates  related  to  long-term  debt.    The  maximum  amount  of  any  guarantee  is
reduced as payments are made by the affiliate.  Blue Dolphin has recorded no liability for these guarantees.  See “Note (10) Long-Term Debt, Net” for additional
disclosures related to guarantees.

Health, Safety and Environmental Matters . All our operations and properties are subject to extensive federal, state, and local environmental, health, and safety
regulations governing, among other things, the generation, storage, handling, use and transportation of petroleum and hazardous substances; the emission and
discharge of materials into the environment; waste management; characteristics and composition of jet fuel and other products; and the monitoring, reporting and
control of greenhouse gas emissions. Our operations also require numerous permits and authorizations under various environmental, health, and safety laws and
regulations. Failure to obtain and comply with these permits or environmental, health, or safety laws generally could result in fines, penalties or other sanctions,
or a revocation of our permits.

Nixon  Facility  Expansion .  We  have  made  and  continue  to  make  capital  and  efficiency  improvements  to  the  Nixon  Facility.  Therefore,  we  incurred  and  will
continue  to  incur  capital  expenditures  related  to  these  improvements,  which  include,  among  other  things,  facility  and  land  improvements  and  completion  of
petroleum storage tanks.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Supplemental Pipeline Bonds. In 2016, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (the “BOEM”) requested that BDPL provide additional supplemental bonds or
acceptable  financial  assurance  of  approximately  $4.6  million  related  to  five  (5)  existing  pipeline  rights-of-way.  At  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  BDPL
maintained  approximately  $0.9  million  in  credit  and  cash-backed  pipeline  rights-of-way  bonds  issued  to  the  BOEM.    Of  the  five  (5)  existing  pipeline  rights-of-
ways  related  to  BOEM’s  request,  the  pipeline  associated  with  one  (1)  right-of-way  was  decommissioned  in  1997.    The  Bureau  of  Safety  and  Environmental
Enforcement (the “BSEE”) approved BDPL permit requests to decommission in place the pipelines for three (3) of these rights-of-way.  As a result, management
is  seeking  a  waiver  of  BOEM’s  request  for  additional  financial  assurance.    There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  BOEM  will  accept  a  reduced  amount  of
supplemental financial assurance or not require additional supplemental pipeline bonds related to our existing pipeline rights-of-way.  If BDPL is required by the
BOEM to provide significant additional supplemental bonds or acceptable financial assurance, we may experience a significant and material adverse effect on
our operations, liquidity, and financial condition.

(20)

Subsequent Events

BDSC Principal Office Lease.  See “Note (15) Leases” for disclosures related to an amendment to the lease agreement for our principal office.

Sixth Amendment to GEL Letter Agreement .  On March 26, 2018, LE and Blue Dolphin, together with LEH and Jonathan Carroll, entered into a sixth amendment
to  the  GEL  Letter  Agreement,  which  extended  the  Continuance  Period  through  April  30,  2018,  in  order  to  facilitate  ongoing  discussions.    An  additional
$500,000.00 was paid to GEL on March 26, 2018, which amount has been applied to reduce the balance of the final award.  (See “Note (1) Organization – Going
Concern – Final GEL Arbitration Award” for disclosures related to the GEL contract-related dispute and Final Arbitration Award.)

Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports
we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time
periods  specified  by  SEC  rules  and  forms.  Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  include,  without  limitation,  controls  and  procedures  designed  to  ensure  that
information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including
the  Chief  Executive  Officer  (principal  executive  officer)  and  the  Chief  Financial  Officer  (principal  financial  officer),  as  appropriate  to  allow  timely  decisions
regarding required disclosure. Under the supervision of, and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive
officer)  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  (principal  financial  officer),  we  conducted  an  evaluation  of  the  effectiveness  of  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  as
defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based on our evaluation, our Chief
Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective as of the end of the period covered by this report to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the
Exchange Act, are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management’s  Responsibility.  Management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  as  such  term  is
defined  in  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f)  under  the  Exchange  Act.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Also,  projections  of  any  evaluation  of
effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management’s Assessment. Management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief
Financial  Officer  (principal  financial  officer),  assessed  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  at  December  31,  2017.  In  making  this
assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the 2013 Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission Framework and SOX
Compliance. Relating to such evaluation, management concluded that our internal controls over financial reporting were effective at December 31, 2017.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.  During the period covered by this report there have been no changes in our internal control over financial
reporting that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Exemption from Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered
public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting
firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit us to provide only management’s attestation in this Annual Report.

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

None.

Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

PART III

ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Structure and Management

Blue  Dolphin  is  a  Delaware  corporation  that  was  formed  in  1986.    Blue  Dolphin  is  controlled  by  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC  (“LEH”).  LEH  operates  and
manages  all  Blue  Dolphin  properties  pursuant 
to  an  Amended  and  Restated  Operating  Agreement  (the  “Amended  and  Restated  Operating
Agreement”).  Jonathan Carroll is Chairman of the Board of Directors (the “Board”), Chief Executive Officer, and President of Blue Dolphin, as well as a majority
owner  of  LEH.  Together  LEH  and  Jonathan  Carroll  own  80.2%  of  our  common  stock,  par  value  $0.01  per  share  (the  “Common  Stock).  (See  “Part  II,  Item  8.
Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data  –  Note  (8)  Related  Party  Transactions,  Note  (10)  Long-Term  Debt,  Net  and  Note  (19)  Commitments  and
Contingencies – Financing Agreements” for additional disclosures related to LEH, the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, and Jonathan Carroll.)

Board Composition

The amended and restated bylaws of Blue Dolphin provide that the Board shall consist of five members, with the precise number to be determined from time to
time by the Board, except that no decrease in the number shall have the effect of shortening the term of an incumbent director. The Board currently has five
directors, each serving until the next annual meeting of stockholders to be held by Blue Dolphin. The following sets forth, at April 2, 2018, each director’s name,
age, principal occupation and directorships during the past five (5) years, as well as their relevant knowledge and experience that led to their appointment to the
Board:

Name, Age
Principal Occupation and Directorships During Past 5 Years

Knowledge and Experience

Jonathan P. Carroll, 56

Blue Dolphin Energy Company
Chairman of the Board (since 2014)
Chief Executive Officer, President,
Assistant Treasurer and Secretary  (since 2012)

Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC (“LEH”)
President and majority owner (since 2006)
Together LEH and Jonathan Carroll own 80.2% of our outstanding Common Stock.

Mr. Carroll has served on Blue Dolphin’s Board since 2014.  He is currently Chairman of the
Board.  Since 2004, he has served on the Board of Trustees of the Salient Fund Group, and
has  served  on  the  compliance,  audit  and  nominating  committees  of  several  of  Salient’s
private and public closed-end and mutual funds.  Mr. Carroll previously served on the Board
of  Directors  of  the  General  Partner  of  LRR  Energy,  L.P.  (NYSE:  LRE)  from  January  2014
until its merger with Vanguard Natural Resources, LLC in October 2015.

Mr.  Carroll  earned  a  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree  in  Human  Biology
and  a  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree  in  Economics  from  Stanford
University, and he completed a Directed Reading in Economics at
Oxford  University.    Based  on  his  educational  and  professional
experiences,  Mr.  Carroll  possesses  particular  knowledge  and
experience  in  business  management,  finance  and  business
development that strengthen the Board’s collective qualifications,
skills and experience.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Name, Age
Principal Occupation and Directorships During Past 5 Years

Knowledge and Experience

Ryan A. Bailey, 42

Children’s Health System of Texas
Head of Investments (since 2014)

The Meadows Foundation
Investment Officer/Interim Chief Investment Officer (2006 to 2014)

Mr.  Bailey  was  appointed  to  Blue  Dolphin’s  Board  in  November  2015.    He  is  currently  a
member  of  the  Audit  and  Compensation  Committees.    He  also  serves  as  an  advisor  and
mentor to Texas Wall Street Women, a non-profit member organization; is a member of the
advisory  board  of  Solovis,  Inc.,  an  investment  software  company;  and  serves  as  a  Board
member for the Texas Hedge Fund Association.

Mr.  Bailey  earned  a  Bachelor  of  Arts  in  Economics  from  Yale
University and completed a graduate course in tax planning from
the  Yale  School  of  Management. 
  He  holds  professional
credentialing  as  a  Chartered  Financial  Analyst  (CFA),  Financial
Risk  Manager  (FRM),  Chartered  Alternative  Investment  Analyst
(CAIA)  and  Chartered  Market  Technician  (CMT).  Based  on  his
educational  and  professional  experiences,  Mr.  Bailey  possesses
particular knowledge and experience in finance, financial analysis
and  modeling,  investment  management,  risk  assessment  and
the  Board’s  collective
strategic  planning 
qualifications, skills and experience.

that  strengthen 

Amitav Misra, 40

Arundo Analytics, Inc.
Vice President of Marketing (since June 2017)

Cardinal Advisors
Founder and Partner (2014 to 2017)

Taxa, Inc.
President, Director and Chief Operating Officer  (2012 to 2014)

EnerNOC, Inc.
Channel Manager (2011 to 2012)

Mr. Misra has served on Blue Dolphin’s Board since 2014.  He is currently a member of the
Audit  and  Compensation  Committees.    Mr.  Misra  serves  as  an  advisor  to  several  energy
technology and private investment companies.  He is also a director of the Houston Center
for Literacy, a non-profit organization.

Christopher T. Morris , 56

Impact Partners LLC
President (since 2017)

Tatum (a Randstad Company)
New York Managing Partner  (2013 to 2017)

MPact Partners LLC
President (2011 to 2013)

Freddie Mac
Vice President (various divisions)  (2000 to 2010)

Mr. Morris has served on Blue Dolphin’s Board since 2012; he is currently Chairman of the
Audit and Compensation Committees.

Mr. Misra earned a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Stanford
University and holds FINRA Series 79 and Series 63 licenses. Mr.
in
Misra  possesses  particular  knowledge  and  experience 
economics,  business  development,  private  equity,  and  strategic
planning that strengthen the Board’s collective qualifications, skills
and experience.

Mr. Morris earned a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Stanford
University  and  a  Masters  in  Business  Administration  from  the
Harvard  Business  School.  Based  on  his  educational  and
professional  experiences,  Mr.  Morris  possesses  particular
knowledge  and  experience  in  business  management,  finance,
strategic planning and business development that strengthen the
Board’s collective qualifications, skills and experience.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Name, Age
Principal Occupation and Directorships During Past 5 Years

Knowledge and Experience

Herbert N. Whitney , 77

Wildcat Consulting, LLC
Founder and President (since 2006)

Mr.  Whitney  has  served  on  Blue  Dolphin’s  Board  since  2012.  He  previously  served  on  the
Board of Directors of Blackwater Midstream Corporation, the Advisory Board of Sheetz, Inc.,
as  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Colonial  Pipeline  Company,  and  as  Chairman  of
the Executive Committee of the Association of Oil Pipelines.

Mr.  Whitney  has  more  than  40  years  of  experience  in  pipeline
operations,  crude  oil  supply,  product  supply,  distribution  and
trading, as well as marine operations and logistics having served
as  the  President  of  CITGO  Pipeline  Company  and  in  various
general  manager  positions  at  CITGO  Petroleum  Corporation.  He
earned his Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering from Kansas
State  University.  Based  on  his  educational  and  professional
experiences,  he  possesses  extensive  knowledge  in  the  supply
and  distribution  of  crude  oil  and  petroleum  products,  which
strengthens 
the  Board’s  collective  qualifications,  skills  and
expertise.

This table shows, as of April 2, 2018, the name and age of each executive officer, as well as their principal occupation during the past five (5) years:

Name
Jonathan P. Carroll

  Position
  Chief Executive Officer, President, Assistant Treasurer, and Secretary

Tommy L. Byrd

  Chief Financial Officer
  Treasurer and Assistant Secretary

Since
2014

2015
2012

Age
56

60

Jonathan  P.  Carroll  was  appointed  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Blue  Dolphin  in  2014,  and  he  was  appointed  Chief  Executive  Officer,  President,  Assistant
Treasurer and Secretary of Blue Dolphin in 2012. He has also served as President of LEH since 2006 and is its majority owner. Together LEH and Jonathan
Carroll own 80.2% of Blue Dolphin’s Common Stock.  Before founding LEH, Mr. Carroll was a private investor focused on direct debt and equity investments,
primarily  in  distressed  assets.    Since  2004,  he  has  served  on  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Salient  Fund  Group,  and  has  served  on  the  compliance,  audit  and
nominating committees of several of Salient’s private and public closed-end and mutual funds.  Mr. Carroll previously served on the Board of Directors of the
General Partner of LRR Energy, L.P. (NYSE: LRE) from January 2014 until its merger with Vanguard Natural Resources, LLC in October 2015. He earned a
Bachelor  of  Arts  degree  in  Human  Biology  and  a  Bachelor  of  Arts  degree  in  Economics  from  Stanford  University,  and  he  completed  a  Directed  Reading  in
Economics at Oxford University.

Tommy L. Byrd  was appointed Chief Financial Officer of Blue Dolphin in 2015, having previously served as Interim Chief Financial Officer from 2012 through
2015 and as Controller from 2011 to 2012. Mr. Byrd also serves as Treasurer and Assistant Secretary of Blue Dolphin, positions for which he was appointed in
2012.    He  is  also  an  employee  of  LEH,  where  he  has  served  as  Chief  Financial  Officer  since  2006.  He  earned  a  Bachelor  of  Business  Administration  in
Accounting  from  Stephen  F.  Austin  State  University.    Mr.  Byrd  has  extensive  financial  management,  accounting  and  internal  audit  experience  in  the  energy
industry.

Family Relationships between Directors and Officers

At March 31, 2018, there were no family relationships between any of our directors or executive officers.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Structure and Meetings of the Board and Board Committees

Board

The Board consists of Messrs. Carroll, Bailey, Misra, Morris and Whitney with Mr. Carroll serving as Chairman. During 2017, the Board met five (5) times. The
Board has two standing committees, the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee. In 2013, the Board formed a Special Committee of the Board to
oversee  a  potential  conversion  of  Blue  Dolphin  from  a  Delaware  “C”  corporation  to  a  Delaware  MLP.    The  Special  Committee  of  the  Board  was  dissolved  in
March 2018 (see below).

Audit Committee

The  Audit  Committee  consists  of  Messrs.  Morris,  Bailey,  and  Misra  with  Mr.  Morris  serving  as  Chairman.  During  2017,  the  Audit  Committee  met  five  (5)
times.  The Board has affirmatively determined that all members of the Audit Committee are independent and that Messrs. Morris and Bailey qualify as Audit
Committee Financial Experts. The Audit Committee's duties include overseeing financial reporting and internal control functions. The Audit Committee’s written
charter is available on our corporate website (http://www.blue-dolphin-energy.com).

Compensation Committee

The Compensation Committee consists of Messrs. Morris, Bailey, and Misra with Mr. Morris serving as Chairman. During 2017, the Compensation Committee
did not meet. The Board has affirmatively determined that all members of the Compensation Committee are independent. The Compensation Committee’s duties
include setting and overseeing our compensation policies, as well as reviewing and recommending to the Board for its approval all compensation for the Chief
Executive Officer, other senior executives, and directors. The Compensation Committee’s written charter is available on our corporate website (http://www.blue-
dolphin-energy.com).

Master Limited Partnership ("MLP") Conversion Special Committee

The MLP Conversion Special Committee was formed by the Board in 2013 to determine the feasibility of optimizing stockholder value by potentially converting
Blue Dolphin from a publicly traded “C” corporation to a publicly traded MLP. Due to a shift in market conditions, the MLP Conversion Special Committee was
dissolved in March 2018. The MLP Conversion Special Committee did not meet during 2016 and 2017.

Nominating Committee

Given the size of the Board, the Board adopted a “Board Nomination Procedures” policy in lieu of appointing a standing nominating committee. The policy is
used by independent members of the Board when choosing nominees to stand for election. The Board will consider for possible nomination qualified nominees
recommended  by  stockholders.  As  addressed  in  the  “Board  Nomination  Procedures”  policy,  the  way  independent  directors  evaluate  nominees  for  director  as
recommended by a stockholder is the same as that for nominees received from other sources.

The Board endeavors to nominate qualified directors that will make important contributions to the Board and to Blue Dolphin. The Board generally requires that
nominees  be  persons  of  sound  ethical  character,  can  represent  all  stockholders  fairly,  have  demonstrated  professional  achievements,  have  meaningful
experience, and have a general appreciation of the major business issues facing Blue Dolphin. The Board also considers issues of diversity and background in
its selection process, recognizing that it is desirable for its membership to have differences in viewpoints, professional experiences, educational backgrounds,
skills, race, gender, age and national origin. 

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Corporate Governance

Leadership Structure

Blue Dolphin is led by Jonathan P. Carroll, who has served as Chairman of the Board since 2014 and as our Chief Executive Officer and President since 2012.
Having  a  single  leader  is  commonly  utilized  by  other  public  companies  in  the  U.S.,  and  we  believe  it  is  effective  for  Blue  Dolphin  as  well.  This  leadership
structure  demonstrates  to  our  personnel,  customers  and  stockholders  that  we  are  under  strong  leadership,  with  a  single  person  setting  the  tone  and  having
primary  responsibility  for  managing  our  operations,  and  eliminates  the  potential  for  confusion  or  duplication  of  efforts.  We  do  not  believe  that  appointing  an
independent Board chairman, or a permanent lead director, would improve the performance of the Board.

Risk Oversight

The Board has responsibility for risk oversight, with reviews of certain areas being conducted by the relevant committees of the Board. These committees then
provide  oral  reports  to  the  full  board.  The  oversight  responsibility  of  the  Board  and  its  committees  is  enabled  by  management  reporting  processes  that  are
designed  to  provide  visibility  to  the  board  about  the  identification,  assessment,  and  management  of  critical  risks  and  management’s  risk  mitigation  strategies.
These  areas  of  focus  include  strategic,  operational,  financial  and  reporting,  compliance,  and  other  risks.  The  Board  and  Audit  Committee  meet  in  executive
session with representatives of outside advisors as required.

Code of Ethics and Code of Conduct

In  compliance  with  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002,  the  Board  adopted  a  code  of  ethics  policy  in  2003  and  a  code  of  conduct  policy  in  2005.    The  Audit
Committee established procedures to enable anyone who has a concern about our conduct, policies, accounting, internal controls over financial reporting, and/or
auditing matters to communicate that concern directly to the Chairman of the Audit Committee. The code of ethics and code of conduct policies are available to
any stockholder, without charge, upon written request to Blue Dolphin Energy Company, Attention: Audit Committee Chairman, 801 Travis Street, Suite 2100,
Houston, Texas 77002. Our code of ethics and code of conduct policies are available on our website (http://www.blue-dolphin-energy.com).  Any amendments or
waivers to provisions of our code of ethics and code of conduct policies will be incorporated in revised policies as posted on our website.  During 2017, there
were no substantive amendments to our Code of Ethics and Code of Conduct policies.

Communicating with Directors

Since  the  Board  does  not  receive  a  large  volume  of  correspondence  from  stockholders,  there  is  no  formal  process  by  which  stockholders  can  communicate
directly with the Board at this time. Instead, any stockholder who desires to contact the Board or specific members of the Board may do so by writing to: Blue
Dolphin Energy Company, Attention: Secretary for the Board, 801 Travis Street, Suite 2100, Houston, Texas 77002. Currently, all communications addressed in
such  manner  are  sent  directly  to  the  indicated  directors.  In  the  future,  if  the  Board  adopts  a  formal  process  for  determining  how  communications  are  to  be
relayed to directors, that process will be disclosed on Form 8-K as filed with the SEC.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Executive Compensation Policy and Procedures

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

LEH manages and operates all Blue Dolphin properties pursuant to an Amended and Restated Operating Agreement (the “Amended and Restated Operating
Agreement”). Under the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, LEH provides us with executive personnel in the capacities of Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Financial Officer. All personnel work for and are paid directly by LEH. Blue Dolphin is billed by LEH at cost plus a 5% markup.

Compensation for Named Executives

Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, compensation paid to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and the most highly
compensated executive officers other than the principal executive officer and principal financial officer whose annual salary exceeded $100,000 (collectively, the
“Named Executive Officers”) for the periods indicated was as follows:

Name and Principal Position

Jonathan P. Carroll

Chief Executive Officer and President

Tommy L. Byrd(1)

Chief Financial Officer

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE

Year

2017

2016

2017
2016

Salary

  Option Awards  

Total

  $

  $

  $
  $

- 

- 

  $

  $

- 

- 

  $

  $

- 

- 

100,000 
100,000 

  $
  $

- 
- 

  $
  $

100,000 
100,000 

_____________________
(1)   A portion of Mr. Byrd’s compensation is billed to Blue Dolphin at cost plus a 5% markup pursuant to the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.

Compensation Risk Assessment

LEH’s approach to compensation practices and policies applicable for executive and non-executive personnel throughout our organization is consistent with the
base pay market median for each position. LEH believes its practices and policies in this regard are not reasonably likely to have a materials adverse effect on
us.

Outstanding Equity Awards

None.

Director Compensation Policy and Procedures

Under the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, LEH provides us with personnel in the capacities of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
Therefore, we do not have any directors that are also personnel of Blue Dolphin. The Compensation Committee reviews and recommends to the Board for its
approval all compensation for the directors.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

Compensation for Non-Employee Directors

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

The  annual  retainer  payable  to  non-employee  directors  serving  on  the  Board  is  $40,000  per  year.    Payments  are  made  in  Common  Stock  and  cash  on  a
quarterly rotating basis.

Cash Fees.  Cash fees reflect the amount of cash compensation earned for Board and committee service. For service on the Board, non-employee directors are
entitled to receive cash payments in the amount of $10,000 for services rendered in the second and fourth quarters of each year.

Non-employee directors earn additional compensation for serving on the Audit Committee.  The chairman of the Audit Committee earns an additional $2,500 in
cash in each of the second and fourth quarters of the year, for a total of $5,000 annually.  Members of the Audit Committee earn an additional $1,250 in cash in
each  of  the  second  and  fourth  quarters  of  the  year,  for  a  total  of  $2,500  annually.  During  2017,  no  additional  compensation  was  earned  by  non-employee
directors for serving on the MLP Conversion Special Committee. Non-employee directors serving on the Compensation Committee do not earn any additional
compensation.  Non-employee directors are reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses related to in-person meeting attendance.

Stock Awards.  For service on the Board, non-employee directors earn Blue Dolphin Common Stock with a fair value of $10,000 for services rendered in each of
the first and third quarters of the year, for a total of $20,000 annually. The number of shares of Common Stock issued is determined by the closing price of Blue
Dolphin’s Common Stock on the last trading day in the respective quarterly period.  The shares of Common Stock are subject to resale restrictions applicable to
restricted securities and securities held by affiliates under federal securities laws.

Compensation that each independent, non-employee director earned for Board and committee service for the periods indicated was as follows:

Name

Christopher T. Morris
Amitav Misra
Ryan A. Bailey

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

Stock
Awards(1)(2)

  Cash Fees(3)  

Total
Compensation 

Stock
Awards(1)(2)

  Cash Fees(3)  

Total
Compensation 

  $

20,000    $
20,000 
20,000    

25,000    $
22,500   
22,500     

15,000    $
12,500 
42,500  

30,000    $
30,000 
20,001

25,000    $
22,500
22,500

55,000 
52,500
42,504

  $

60,000   $

70,000     

130,000   $

80,001   $

70,000    $

150,007

_____________________
(1) At  December  31,  2017,  Messrs.  Morris,  Misra,  and  Bailey  had  total  restricted  awards  of  Common  Stock  outstanding  of  58,359,  50,100,  and  44,009,

(2)

respectively.
In  accordance  with  SEC  rules,  the  grant  date  fair  value  of  independent,  non-employee  director  stock  awards  is  calculated  by  multiplying  the  number  of
shares of Common Stock awarded by the closing price of Blue Dolphin’s Common Stock on the grant date (the “Cost Basis”). The Cost Basis was $3.50 and
$4.75 at March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  The Cost Basis was $0.28 and $3.00 at September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  The aggregate grant
date fair value of non-employee director stock awards for services rendered for the first and third quarters of 2017 and 2016 was $30,000 each quarter, or
$60,000 annually.

(3) Cash fees reflect cash compensation that was earned but not necessarily paid.

Independent,  non-employee  directors  have  not  been  paid  cash  fees  since  2015.      Unpaid  cash  fees  are  reflected  within  accrued  expenses  and  other  current
liabilities  on  our  consolidated  balance  sheets.    (See  “Part  II,  Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data,  Note  (9)  Accrued  Expenses  and  Other
Current Liabilities” within this Annual Report for additional disclosures related to board of director fees payable.)

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners

The table below sets forth information with respect to persons or groups known to us to be the beneficial owners of more than five percent (5%) of our common
stock at December 31, 2017. Unless otherwise indicated, each named party has sole voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares.

Title of Class

Name of Beneficial Owner

Common Stock

Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC
801 Travis Street, Suite 2100
Houston, Texas 77002

(1)   Based upon 10,925,513 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017.

Security Ownership of Management

Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership

Percent of Class(1)

 8,426,456

77.1%

The  table  below  sets  forth  information  at  December  31,  2017  with  respect  to:  (i)  directors,  (ii)  executive  officers  and  (iii)  directors  and  executive  officers  as  a
group beneficially owning our common stock.  Unless otherwise indicated, each of the following persons has sole voting and dispositive power with respect to
such shares.

Title of Class

Common Stock

Common Stock
Common Stock
Common Stock
Common Stock
Common Stock

Name of Beneficial Owner
  Jonathan P. Carroll(2)
  Christopher T. Morris
  Amitav Misra
  Ryan A. Bailey
  Herbert N. Whitney
  Tommy L. Byrd

Amount and
Nature of
Beneficial
Ownership

Percent of
Class(1)

8,763,300 

80.2%

58,359 
50,100 
44,009 
9,683 
--- 

* 
* 
* 
--- 
--- 

_____________________
(1)   Based  upon  10,925,513  shares  of  Common  Stock  issued  and  outstanding  at  December  31,  2017.    At  December  31,  2017,  there  were  no  options

outstanding, no options exercisable or no shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan.

(2)   Includes 8,426,456 shares issued to Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC (“LEH”).  Mr. Carroll and his affiliates have an approximate 60% ownership interest in

Directors/Nominees and Executive Officers as a Group (6
Persons)

8,925,451 

81.7%

LEH.

*       Less than 1%.

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors, executive officers and stockholders who own more than ten percent (10%) of our Common Stock to file
reports of stock ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC and to furnish us with copies of all such reports as filed. Based solely on a review of the
copies of the Section 16(a) reports furnished to us, we are unaware of any late filings made during 2017.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

None.

ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Related Party Transactions

See “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note (8) Related Party Transactions” for disclosures related to relationships we have with
related parties.

Director Independence

The Board has affirmatively determined that each of its members, except for Messrs. Carroll and Whitney, are independent and have no material relationship with
us  (either  directly  or  indirectly  or  as  a  stockholder  or  officer  of  an  organization  that  has  a  relationship  with  us),  and  that  all  members  of  the  Audit  and
Compensation Committees are independent, pursuant to OTCQX and SEC rules.  Mr. Whitney has served as a consultant to LEH in the past.

ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

Fees paid to UHY by us for the periods indicated were as follow:

Audit fees
Audit-related fees
Tax fees

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

  $

  $

268,070 
- 
- 
268,070 

  $

  $

136,826 
- 
- 
136,826 

Audit fees for 2017 and 2016 related to the audit of our consolidated financial statements and the review of our quarterly reports that are filed with the SEC. The
Audit Committee pre-approves, on an annual basis, all audit services provided to us by our registered public accounting firm.  Such approval is in the form of an
engagement letter.  Non-audit services must also be pre-approved by the Audit Committee prior to engagement of such services.

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FORM 10-K 12/31/17

  PART IV

ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Following is a list of documents filed as part of this Annual Report:

● consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of operations, consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity, and consolidated statements of cash

flows, which appear in “Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report; and

● exhibits as listed in the exhibit index of this Annual Report, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 16.  FORM 10-K SUMMARY

Not applicable.

Exhibits Index

No. 

Description

3.1 

3.2 

4.1 

4.2 

4.3

10.1

10.2 

10.3

10.4

10.5

Amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  Blue  Dolphin  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  filed  with  Blue  Dolphin’s  Form  8-K  on
June 2, 2009, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Amended and Restated By-Laws of Blue Dolphin (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on December 26, 2007,
Commission File No. 000-15905)

Specimen Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-K on March 30, 1990, Commission File No. 000-
15905)

Form  of  Promissory  Note  issued  pursuant  to  the  Note  and  Warrant  Purchase  Agreement  dated  September  8,  2004  (incorporated  by  reference  to
Exhibit 4.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on September 14, 2004, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Promissory Note of Lazarus Louisiana Refinery II, LLC, payable to Blue Dolphin dated July 31, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed
with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on August 6, 2009, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Blue  Dolphin  2000  Stock  Incentive  Plan  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Appendix  1  filed  with  Blue  Dolphin’s  Proxy  Statement  on  Form  DEF  14A  on
April 20, 2000, Commission File No. 000-15905) *

First Amendment to the Blue Dolphin 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B filed with Blue Dolphin’s Proxy Statement
on Form DEF 14A on April 16, 2003, Commission File No. 000-15905) *

Second  Amendment  to  the  Blue  Dolphin  2000  Stock  Incentive  Plan  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Appendix  A  filed  with  Blue  Dolphin’s  Proxy
Statement on Form DEF 14A on April 27, 2006, Commission File No. 000-15905) *

Fourth Amendment to the Blue Dolphin 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B filed with Blue Dolphin’s Proxy Statement
on Form DEFA on December 28, 2011, Commission File No. 000-15905) *

Master  Easement  Agreement  effective  as  of  December  11,  2013  by  and  between  Blue  Dolphin  Pipe  Line  Company  and  FLNG  Land,  II,  Inc.
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on November 5, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

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BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

Letter of Intent effective as of December 11, 2013 by and between Blue Dolphin Pipe Line Company and Freeport LNG Expansion, L.P (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on November 5, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Management Agreement by and between Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC, Lazarus Energy, LLC and Blue Dolphin effective as of February 15, 2012
(incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  filed  with  Amendment  No.  1  to  Blue  Dolphin’s  Form  8-K  on  March  14,  2012,  Commission  File  No.  000-
15905)

Amendment No. 1 to Management Agreement dated May 12, 2014 by and among Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC, Blue Dolphin and Lazarus Energy,
LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on May 16, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Crude Oil Supply and Throughput Services Agreement by and between GEL Tex Marketing, LLC and Lazarus Energy, LLC dated as of August 12,
2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on June 30, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Joint  Marketing  Agreement  by  and  between  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC  and  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC  dated  as  of  August  12,  2011  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on August 14, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter Agreement dated September 12, 2011 between GEL Tex Marketing, LLC, Milam Services, Inc., 1st International Bank, Lazarus Energy LLC and
Lazarus Energy Holdings LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on May 21, 2012, Commission File No.
000-15905)

Acknowledgment Letter between Lazarus Energy, LLC and GEL Tex Marketing, LLC dated June 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4
filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on June 30, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter Agreement between Lazarus Energy, LLC and GEL Tex Marketing, LLC dated June 25, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed
with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on June 30, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter Agreement between Lazarus Energy, LLC and GEL Tex Marketing, LLC dated July 30, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with
Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on June 30, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter Agreement between Lazarus Energy, LLC and GEL Tex Marketing, LLC dated August 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 filed
with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on June 30, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter  Agreement  dated  June  10,  2012  between  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC  and  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company  (incorporated  by  reference  to
Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 14, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter  Agreement  dated  December  20,  2012  between  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC,  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC  and  Milam  Services,  Inc.  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.35 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-K on March 30, 2013, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter  Agreement  between  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC,  GEL  TEX  Marketing,  LLC  and  Milam  Services,  Inc.  dated  February  21,  2013  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on August 14, 2013, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter  Agreement  between  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC,  GEL  TEX  Marketing,  LLC  and  Milam  Services,  Inc.  dated  February  21,  2013  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on May 15, 2013, Commission File No. 000-15905)

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FORM 10-K 12/31/17

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

10.27

10.28

10.29

10.30

10.31

10.32

10.33

Letter  Agreement  Regarding  Certain  Advances  and  Related  Agreement  between  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC,  GEL  TEX  Marketing,  LLC,  and  Milam
Services,  Inc.,  effective  October  24,  2013  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  filed  with  Blue  Dolphin’s  Form  10-Q  on  November  14,  2013,
Commission File No. 000-15905)

Promissory Note between Lazarus Energy LLC as maker and Notre Dame Investors Inc. as Payee in the Principal Amount of $8,000,000 dated June
1, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on March 31, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Subordination Agreement effective August 21, 2008 by Notre Dame Investors, Inc. in favor of First International Bank (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on March 31, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Intercreditor and Subordination Agreement dated September 29, 2008 by and between Notre Dame Investors, Inc., Richard Oberlin, Lazarus Energy
LLC and First International Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on March 31, 2012, Commission File
No. 000-15905)

Intercreditor  and  Subordination  Agreement  dated  August  12,  2011  by  and  among  John  H.  Kissick,  Lazarus  Energy  LLC  and  Milam  Services,  Inc.
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on March 31, 2012, Commission File No. 000-15905)

First Amendment to Promissory Note by and between Lazarus Energy, LLC and John H. Kissick effective as of July 1, 2013 (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on November 14, 2013, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Second Amendment to Promissory Note by and between Lazarus Energy, LLC and John H. Kissick effective as of October 1, 2014 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.48 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-K on March 31, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Loan  and  Security  Agreement  dated  March  2,  2014  by  and  between  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC  and  Sovereign  Bank  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on May 8, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Deed  of  Trust,  Security  Agreement,  Assignment  of  Leases,  Assignment  of  Rents,  and  Financing  Statement  dated  May  2,  2014  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on May 8, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Guaranty Agreement dated May 2, 2014 by Jonathan P. Carroll and Ingleside Crude LLC for the benefit of Sovereign Bank (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on May 8, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Pledge Agreement dated May 2, 2014 between Sovereign Bank and Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed
with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on May 8, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Promissory Note payable to Sovereign Bank dated May 2, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on May
8, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Collateral  Assignment  dated  May  2,  2014  by  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC  for  the  benefit  of  Sovereign  Bank  (incorporated  by  reference  to
Exhibit 10.6 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on May 8, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Collateral  Assignment  dated  May  2,  2014  by  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC  for  the  benefit  of  Sovereign  Bank  (incorporated  by  reference  to
Exhibit 10.7 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on May 8, 2014, Commission File No. 000-15905)

90

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

10.34

10.35

10.36

10.37

10.38

10.39

10.40

10.41

10.42

10.43

10.44

10.45

10.46

10.47

Loan  Modification  Agreement  dated  March  25,  2015,  by  and  between  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC,  and  Sovereign  Bank  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on March 31, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Second Amendment to Promissory Note by and between Lazarus Energy, LLC and John H. Kissick effective as of October 1, 2014 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.48 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-K on March 31, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Loan Agreement among Sovereign Bank, Lazarus Energy, LLC and Jonathan Pitts Carroll, Sr., Blue Dolphin Energy Company, Lazarus Refining &
Marketing, LLC, and Lazarus Energy Holdings dated June 22, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on
June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Promissory  Note  between  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC  and  Sovereign  Bank  for  the  principal  sum  of  $25,000,000  dated  June  22,  2015  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Security Agreement of Lazarus Energy, LLC in favor of Sovereign Bank dated June 22, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Blue
Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Deed  of  Trust,  Mortgage,  Security  Agreement,  Assignment  of  Leases  and  Rents,  Financing  Statement  and  Fixture  Filing  for  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC
dated June 22, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Security Agreement of Lazarus Energy, LLC for the benefit of Lazarus Refining & Marketing, LLC dated June 22, 2015 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.5 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Loan and Security Agreement between Sovereign Bank and Lazarus Refining & Marketing, LLC dated June 22, 2015 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.6 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Promissory  Note  between  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC  and  Sovereign  Bank  for  the  principal  sum  of  $3,000,000  dated  June  22,  2015
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Pledge Agreement by Lazarus Refining & Marketing, LLC in favor of Sovereign Bank dated June 22, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8
filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Collateral  Assignment  executed  by  Blue  Dolphin  Pipe  Line  Company  for  the  benefit  of  Sovereign  Bank  dated  June  22,  2015  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.9 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Guaranty Agreement by Jonathan Pitts Carroll, Sr., Blue Dolphin Energy Company, Lazarus Energy, LLC and Sovereign Bank dated June 22, 2015
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Guaranty Fee Agreement between Jonathan P. Carroll and Lazarus Energy, LLC dated June 22, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 filed
with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Guaranty  Fee  Agreement  between  Jonathan  P.  Carroll  and  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC  dated  June  22,  2015  (incorporated  by  reference  to
Exhibit 10.12 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on June 26, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

91

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

10.48

10.49

10.50

10.51

10.52

10.53

10.54

10.55

10.56

10.57

10.58

10.59

10.60

10.61

10.62

Amendment No. 2. to Operating Agreement by and between Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC, Blue Dolphin, and Lazarus Energy, LLC effective as of
June 1, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on August 14, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Loan  Agreement  among  Sovereign  Bank,  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC,  Jonathan  Pitts  Carroll,  Sr.,  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company,  Lazarus
Energy, LLC, and Lazarus Energy Holdings dated December 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on
December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Promissory  Note  between  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC  and  Sovereign  Bank  for  the  principal  sum  of  $10,000,000  dated  December  4,  2015
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Security Agreement of Lazarus Refining & Marketing, LLC in favor of Sovereign Bank dated December 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.3 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Deed  of  Trust,  Mortgage,  Security  Agreement,  Assignment  of  Leases  and  Rents,  Financing  Statement  and  Fixture  Filing  for  Lazarus  Refining  &
Marketing,  LLC  dated  December  4,  2015  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.4  filed  with  Blue  Dolphin’s  Form  8-K  on  December  10,  2015,
Commission File No. 000-15905)

Construction  Rider  to  Loan  Agreement  dated  December  4,  2015  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.5  filed  with  Blue  Dolphin’s  Form  8-K  on
December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Absolute Assignment of Leases and Rents dated December 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on
December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Indemnification Agreement dated December 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on December 10,
2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Pledge Agreement by Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC in favor of Sovereign Bank dated December 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8
filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Collateral Assignment of Key Agreements dated December 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on
December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

First Amendment to Lazarus Energy, LLC Loan Agreement and Loan Documents dated December 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10
filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

First Amendment to Lazarus Energy, LLC Deed of Trust, Mortgage, Security Agreement, Assignment of Leases and Rents, Financing Statement and
Fixture  Filing  dated  December  4,  2015  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.11  filed  with  Blue  Dolphin’s  Form  8-K  on  December  10,  2015,
Commission File No. 000-15905)

Guaranty Fee Agreement between Jonathan P. Carroll and Lazarus Refining & Marketing, LLC dated December 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.12 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on December 10, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Loan  and  Security  Agreement  by  and  between  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC  and  Blue  Dolphin  Pipe  Line  Company  dated  August  15,  2016
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on August 19, 2016, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Promissory  Note  by  and  between  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC  and  Blue  Dolphin  Pipe  Line  Company  dated  August  15,  2016  (incorporated  by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on August 19, 2016, Commission File No. 000-15905)

92

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

10.63

10.64

10.65

10.66

10.67

10.68

10.69

10.70

10.71

10.72

10.73

10.74

10.75

10.76

Deed of Trust, Mortgage, Security Agreement, Assignment of Leases and Rents, Financing Statement and Fixture Filing for Blue Dolphin Pipe Line
Company dated August 15, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on August 19, 2016, Commission File
No. 000-15905)

Collateral  Assignment  of  Master  Easement  Agreement  by  Blue  Dolphin  Pipe  Line  Company  for  the  benefit  of  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC  dated
August 15, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 8-K on August 19, 2016, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Promissory  Note  dated  March  31,  2017,  of  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company  in  favor  of  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC  (incorporated  by  reference  to
Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on May 15, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Amended and Restated Promissory Note dated March 31, 2017, of Blue Dolphin Energy Company in favor of Ingleside Crude, LLC (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on May 15, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Amended and Restated Promissory Note dated March 31, 2017, of Blue Dolphin Energy Company in favor of Lazarus Capital, LLC (Jonathan Carroll)
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on May 15, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Amended and Restated Operating Agreement effective as of April 1, 2017, between Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC, Lazarus Energy, LLC, and Blue
Dolphin Energy Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on May 15, 2017, Commission File No. 000-
15905)

Amended  and  Restated  Promissory  Note  dated  June  30,  2017,  of  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company  in  favor  of  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on October 12, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee  Agreement  between  Jonathan  Carroll  and  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing,  LLC  (incorporated  by  reference  to
Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on October 12, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Amended  and  Restated  Guaranty  Fee  Agreement  between  Jonathan  Carroll  and  Lazarus  Refining  &  Marketing  LLC  (incorporated  by  reference  to
Exhibit 10.3 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on October 12, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Amended and Restated Guaranty Fee Agreement between Jonathan Carroll and Lazarus Energy, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed
with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on October 12, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Letter  Agreement  between  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC,  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC,  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company,  Lazarus  Energy  Holdings,  LLC,  and
Jonathan Carroll effective September 18, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on November 16, 2017,
Commission File No. 000-15905)

Amendment to Letter Agreement between GEL Tex Marketing, LLC, Lazarus Energy, LLC, Blue Dolphin Energy Company, Lazarus Energy Holdings,
LLC, and Jonathan Carroll dated November 1, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on November 16,
2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Second Amendment to Letter Agreement between GEL Tex Marketing, LLC, Lazarus Energy, LLC, Blue Dolphin Energy Company, Lazarus Energy
Holdings, LLC, and Jonathan Carroll dated November 28, 2017.

Third  Amendment  to  Letter  Agreement  between  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC,  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC,  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company,  Lazarus  Energy
Holdings, LLC, and Jonathan Carroll dated December 27, 2017.

93

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

10.77

10.78

10.79

10.80

14.1

Fourth  Amendment  to  Letter  Agreement  between  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC,  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC,  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company,  Lazarus  Energy
Holdings, LLC, and Jonathan Carroll dated February 1, 2018.

Fifth  Amendment  to  Letter  Agreement  between  GEL  Tex  Marketing,  LLC,  Lazarus  Energy,  LLC,  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company,  Lazarus  Energy
Holdings, LLC, and Jonathan Carroll dated March 1, 2018.

Debt Assumption Agreement by and among Lazarus Energy Holdings, LLC, Lazarus Energy, LLC, and John H. Kissick dated effective September 18,
2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on November 16, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Sixth Amendment to Promissory Note by and between Lazarus Energy, LLC and John H. Kissick effective as of September 18, 2017 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-Q on November 16, 2017, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Code of Ethics applicable to the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14.1 filed with
Blue Dolphin’s Form 10-KSB on March 25, 2005, Commission File No. 000-15905)

21.1

List of Subsidiaries of Blue Dolphin **

23.1

Consent of UHY LLP **

31.1

Jonathan P. Carroll Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 **

31.2

Tommy L. Byrd Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 **

32.1

Jonathan P. Carroll Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 **

32.2

Tommy L. Byrd Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 **

99.1

99.2

Amended and Restated Audit Committee Charter adopted by the Board of Directors of Blue Dolphin on November 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference
to Appendix A filed with Blue Dolphin’s Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A on November 18, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

Compensation Committee Charter adopted by the Board of Directors of Blue Dolphin on November 4, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Appendix B
filed with Blue Dolphin’s Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A on November 18, 2015, Commission File No. 000-15905)

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document **

101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Schema Document **

101.CAL

XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document **

101.LAB

XBRL Label Linkbase Document **

101.PRE

XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document **

101.DEF
_______________

XBRL Definition Linkbase Document **

*    Management Compensation Plan
**  Filed herewith

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

FORM 10-K 12/31/17

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Annual Report to be

signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

April 2, 2018

  BLUE DOLPHIN ENERGY COMPANY

(Registrant)

  By:

/s/ JONATHAN P. CARROLL
Jonathan P. Carroll
Chief Executive Officer, President,
Assistant Treasurer and Secretary
(Principal Executive Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Title

  Date

/s/ JONATHAN P. CARROLL
Jonathan P. Carroll

/s/ TOMMY L. BYRD
Tommy L. Byrd

/s/ RYAN A. BAILEY
Ryan A. Bailey

/s/ AMITAV MISRA
Amitav Misra

/s/ CHRISTOPHER T. MORRIS
Christopher T. Morris

/s/ HERBERT N. WHITNEY
Herbert N. Whitney

Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President,
Assistant Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Executive Officer)

April 2, 2018

Chief Financial Officer,
Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
(Principal Financial Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

April 2, 2018

  April 2, 2018

  April 2, 2018

  April 2, 2018

  April 2, 2018

95

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
List of subsidiaries of Blue Dolphin Energy Company (“Blue Dolphin”):

● Lazarus Energy, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company;
● Lazarus Refining & Marketing, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
● Blue Dolphin Pipe Line Company, a Delaware corporation;
● Blue Dolphin Petroleum Company, a Delaware corporation;
● Blue Dolphin Services Co., a Texas corporation;
● Blue Dolphin Exploration Company, a Delaware corporation; and
● Petroport, Inc., a Delaware corporation.

Exhibit 21.1

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We  hereby  consent  to  the  incorporation  by  reference  in  the  Registration  Statements  on  Form  S-3  (Nos.  333-134156,  333-38606  and  333-124908)  of  Blue
Dolphin Energy Company of our report dated April 2, 2018, relating to our audit of the consolidated financial statements, which appear in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

/s/ UHY LLP                       
UHY LLP 

Sterling Heights,
Michigan
April 2, 2018

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Exhibit 31.1

I, Jonathan P. Carroll, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Blue Dolphin Energy Company (the “Registrant”).

Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such  statements  were  made,  not  misleading  with  respect  to  the  periods  covered  by  this
annual report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;

The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange
Act  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f))  for  the
Registrant and we have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure
that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly
during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  Registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  annual  report  our  conclusions  about  the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this annual report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this annual report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent
fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of this annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The  Registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  to  the
Registrant’s auditors and the Audit Committee of the Registrant’s Board of Directors:

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over
financial reporting.

Date: April 2, 2018

/s/ JONATHAN P. CARROLL
Jonathan P. Carroll
Chief Executive Officer, President, Assistant Treasurer and Secretary
(Principal Executive Officer)

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Exhibit 31.2

I, Tommy L. Byrd, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Blue Dolphin Energy Company (the “Registrant”).

Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such  statements  were  made,  not  misleading  with  respect  to  the  periods  covered  by  this
annual report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;

The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange
Act  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f))  for  the
Registrant and we have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure
that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly
during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  Registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  annual  report  our  conclusions  about  the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this annual report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this annual report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent
fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of this annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The  Registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  to  the
Registrant’s auditors and the Audit Committee of the Registrant’s Board of Directors:

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over
financial reporting.

Date: April 2, 2018

/s/ TOMMY L. BYRD
Tommy L. Byrd
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
(Principal Financial Officer)

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF
PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

  Exhibit 32.1

In  connection  with  the  Annual  Report  of  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company  (the  “Blue  Dolphin”)  on  Form  10-K  for  the  period  ended  December  31,  2017  (the
“Report”),  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof,  I,  Jonathan  P.  Carroll,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  President,  Assistant
Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Executive Officer) of Blue Dolphin, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Blue Dolphin.

/s/ JONATHAN P. CARROLL
Jonathan P. Carroll
Chief Executive Officer, President, Assistant Treasurer and Secretary
(Principal Executive Officer)

April 2, 2018

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF
PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

  Exhibit 32.2

In  connection  with  the  Annual  Report  of  Blue  Dolphin  Energy  Company  (the  “Blue  Dolphin”)  on  Form  10-K  for  the  period  ended  December  31,  2017  (the
“Report”),  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof,  I,  Tommy  L.  Byrd,  Chief  Financial  Officer,  Treasurer  and  Assistant
Secretary (Principal Financial Officer) of Blue Dolphin, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that
to my knowledge:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Blue Dolphin.

/s/ TOMMY L. BYRD
Tommy L. Byrd
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
(Principal Financial Officer)

April 2, 2018

EDGAR Stream is a copyright of Issuer Direct Corporation, all rights reserved.