Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Banks - Regional / Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.

Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.

brbs · AMEX Financial Services
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Ticker brbs
Exchange AMEX
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 416
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FY2019 Annual Report · Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
☒

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

or

☐

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission File Number: 001-39165

BLUE RIDGE BANKSHARES, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Virginia
State or Other Jurisdiction of 
Incorporation or Organization

54-1470908
I.R.S. Employer Identification No.

1807 Seminole Trail, Charlottesville, Virginia
Address of Principal Executive Offices

22901
Zip Code

(540) 743-6521
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code

Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common stock, no par value

Trading Symbol(s)
BRBS

Name of each exchange on which registered
NYSE American

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   Yes ☐     No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.   Yes ☐     No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
during  the  preceding  12 months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the  registrant  was  required  to  file  such  reports),  and  (2) has  been  subject  to  such  filing 
requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☒     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of 
Regulation S-T  (§ 232.405  of  this  chapter)  during  the  preceding  12 months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the  registrant  was  required  to  submit  such 
files).  Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an 
emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” 
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☒  

Accelerated filer ☐

Smaller reporting company ☒

Emerging growth company ☒  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new 

or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐    No ☒ 

The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant at June 30, 2019, based on the closing sale price of the registrant’s 

common stock on June 30, 2019, was approximately $66,920,814.

The registrant had 5,660,985 shares of common stock, no par value per share, outstanding as of April 14, 2020.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

The information required by Part III of this Form 10-K will be included in the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the 2020 annual meeting of 
shareholders and incorporated herein by reference or in an amendment to this Form 10-K filed within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this 
Form 10-K.

 
Item 1:

Business

Item 1A:

Risk Factors

Item 1B:

Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2:

Properties

Item 3:

Legal Proceedings

Item 4:

Mine Safety Disclosures

PART I

PART II

Item 5:

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities

Item 6:

Selected Financial Data

Item 7:

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A:

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Item 8:

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Item 9:

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9A:

Controls and Procedures

Item 9B:

Other Information

Item 10:

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11:

Executive Compensation

PART III

Item 12:

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Item 13:

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Item 14:

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Item 15:

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

Item 16:

Form 10-K Summary

PART IV

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12

26

26

26

26

27

27

28

45

46

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87

88

88

88

88

89

89

89

91

 
PART I

ITEM 1: BUSINESS

General

Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is a bank holding company headquartered in 

Charlottesville, Virginia. It provides commercial and consumer banking and financial services through its wholly-owned 
bank subsidiary, Blue Ridge Bank, National Association (the “Bank”), and its non-bank financial services affiliates. The 
Company was incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia in July 1988 in connection with the holding 
company reorganization of the Bank, which was completed in July 1988.

The Bank is a federally chartered national bank headquartered in Martinsville, Virginia that traces its roots to Page 
Valley Bank of Virginia, which opened for business in 1893. The Bank currently operates fourteen full-service banking 
offices in central Virginia and north-central North Carolina.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had total consolidated assets of approximately $960.8 million, total 

consolidated loans of approximately $702.5 million, total consolidated deposits of approximately $722.0 million and 
consolidated shareholders’ equity of approximately $92.6 million.

The Bank serves businesses, professionals and consumers with a wide variety of financial services, including retail and 

commercial banking, investment services, mortgage banking and payroll processing. Products include checking accounts, 
savings accounts, money market accounts, cash management accounts, certificates of deposit, individual retirement accounts, 
commercial and industrial loans, residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, home equity loans, consumer installment 
loans, investment accounts, insurance, credit cards, online banking, telephone banking and mobile banking. Deposits of the 
Bank are insured by the Deposit Insurance Fund (the “DIF”) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”).

The Bank’s primary source of revenue is interest income from its lending activities. The Bank’s other major sources of 

revenue are interest and dividend income from investments, interest income from its interest-earning deposit balances in 
other depository institutions, mortgage banking income, transactions and fee income from its lending and deposit activities, 
and income associated with payroll processing services. The Bank’s major expenses are interest on deposits and general and 
administrative expenses such as employee compensation and benefits, federal deposit insurance premiums, data processing 
expenses and office occupancy expenses.

As a bank holding company incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia, the Company is subject to 

regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) and the Bureau of Financial 
Institutions of the Virginia State Corporation Commission (the “Virginia SCC”). The Bank’s primary regulator is the Office 
of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”).

On December 31, 2019, the Company, through its banking subsidiary, acquired LenderSelect Mortgage Group 
(“LenderSelect”) based in Richmond, Virginia for an aggregate purchase price of $720,489.  The purchase price was 
allocated to an amortizing intangible asset.  LenderSelect offers wholesale and third party residential mortgage origination 
services to other financial institutions and credit unions.

On May 13, 2019, the Company and Virginia Community Bankshares, Inc. (“VCB”), based in Louisa, Virginia, entered 

into a definitive agreement pursuant to which VCB agreed to merge into the Company, with the Company as the survivor in 
the merger. The Company completed its acquisition of VCB on December 15, 2019. Also on December 15, 2019, VCB’s 
Virginia chartered subsidiary bank, Virginia Community Bank, merged with and into the Bank. The Company acquired total 
assets of approximately $242.5 million and assumed total liabilities of approximately $219.2 million in the acquisition. 
Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, each share of VCB common stock was converted into the right to receive either 
$58.00 in cash or 3.05 shares of the Company’s common stock at the election of each VCB shareholder. The agreement 
contained allocation and proration procedures ensuring that 60% of VCB’s outstanding shares were converted into the 
Company’s common stock and 40% of VCB’s outstanding shares were converted into cash. In the merger, the Company 
issued 1,312,919 shares of its common stock and made cash payments to VCB shareholders that totaled $16,646,540 in the 
aggregate. 

On February 1, 2019, the Company , through its banking subsidiary, acquired a 35% ownership interest in Hammond 

Insurance Agency, Incorporated for an aggregate purchase price of $1,018,500.  The purchase price was allocated to goodwill 
in the amount of $612,500 and an amortizing intangible asset of $406,000.

1

 
On October 4, 2017, the Company, through its banking subsidiary, acquired an 80% ownership interest in MoneyWise 
Payroll Solutions (“MoneyWise), a payroll management services company located in Charlottesville, VA, for an aggregate 
price of $800,000. The purchase price was allocated to an amortizing intangible asset.  

On March 30, 2016, the Company and River Bancorp, Inc. (“River”), based in Martinsville, Virginia, entered into a 
definitive agreement pursuant to which River agreed to merge into the Company, with the Company as the survivor in the 
merger. The Company completed its acquisition of River on October 20, 2016. The Company acquired total assets of 
approximately $114.0 million and assumed total liabilities of approximately $103.0 million in the acquisition. Pursuant to the 
terms of the agreement, each share of River common stock was converted into the right to receive either $16.57 in cash or 
0.8143 shares of the Company’s common stock at the election of each River shareholder. The agreement contained allocation 
and proration procedures ensuring that 70% of River’s outstanding shares were converted into the Company’s common stock 
and 30% of River’s outstanding shares were converted into cash. In the merger, the Company issued 423,246 shares of its 
common stock and made cash payments to River shareholders that totaled $3,692,772 in the aggregate. On December 9, 
2016, the Company’s Virginia chartered subsidiary bank merged with and into River’s national bank subsidiary and the 
surviving bank was renamed Blue Ridge Bank, National Association.

On November 20, 2015, the Company entered into a Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement under which it issued an 

aggregate of $10.0 million of fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes (the “Notes”) to certain accredited investors. The 
Notes have a maturity date of December 1, 2025 and bear interest at the rate of 6.75% per year until December 1, 2020, at 
which date the rate will reset quarterly, equal to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) determined on the 
determination date of the applicable interest period plus 512.8 basis points. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually on 
December 1 and June 1 of each year through December 1, 2020 and quarterly thereafter on March 1, June 1, September 1 and 
December 1 of each year through the maturity date or early redemption date. The Notes are not convertible into common 
stock or preferred stock, and are not callable by the holders. The Company has the right to redeem the Notes, in whole or in 
part, without premium or penalty, at any interest payment date on or after December 1, 2020 and prior to the maturity date, 
but in all cases in a principal amount with integral multiples of $1,000, plus interest accrued and unpaid through the date of 
redemption. If an event of default occurs, such as the bankruptcy of the Company, the holder of a Note may declare the 
principal amount of the Note to be due and immediately payable. The Notes are unsecured, subordinated obligations of the 
Company and rank junior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future senior indebtedness. The Notes qualify as 
Tier 2 capital for regulatory reporting.

In December 2015, with the proceeds from the issuance of the Notes, the Company redeemed all $4.5 million of its 

outstanding Senior Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A. Such preferred stock was originally issued to the 
U.S. Department of the Treasury under the Small Business Lending Fund.

The principal executive offices of the Company are located at 1807 Seminole Trail, Charlottesville, Virginia 22835, and 

its telephone number is (540) 743-6521. 

The Company files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and 

Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Company’s SEC filings are filed electronically and are available to the public over the 
Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. The Company’s website can be accessed at https://www.mybrb.com. 
The Company makes its SEC filings available through this website under “Investor Relations,” “Financial Documents,” 
“Documents” as soon as practicable after filing or furnishing the material to the SEC. Copies of documents can also be 
obtained free of charge by writing to the Company’s Corporate Secretary at 17 West Main Street, Luray, Virginia 22835, or 
by calling (540) 743-6521. Information on the Company’s website does not constitute part of, and is not incorporated into, 
this report or any other filing the Company makes with the SEC.

Market Area

The Bank currently has branches in Charlottesville, Culpepper, Drakes Branch, Fredericksburg, Gordonsville, 

Harrisonburg, Luray, Martinsville, Mineral, Orange, Shenandoah, Stuart, and Zion Crossroads, Virginia and also does 
business as Carolina State Bank in Greensboro, North Carolina. Interstates 64 and 81, and major Routes 29 and 33, all pass 
through the Bank’s trade area and provide efficient access to other regions of Virginia, North Carolina and beyond. The 
Company’s primary market area covers a significant portion of central Virginia and north-central North Carolina. 
Additionally, the Company has mortgage operations in Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, and Florida.

2

Products and Services

Mortgage Loans on Real Estate. The Company’s mortgage loans on real estate comprise the largest segment of its loan 

portfolio. The majority of the Company’s real estate loans are mortgages on owner-occupied one-to-four family residential 
properties, including both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate structures. Residential mortgages are underwritten and documented 
within the guidelines and regulations of the OCC. Home equity lines of credit are also offered. Construction loans with a 12-
month term are another component of the Company’s portfolio. Underwritten at 80% loan to value to qualified builders and 
individuals, these loans are disbursed as construction progresses and verified by Company inspection. The Company also 
offers commercial loans that are secured by real estate. These loans are also typically written at a maximum of 80% loan to 
value.

The Company offers secondary market residential loan origination. Through the Bank, customers may apply for home 
mortgages that are underwritten in accordance with the guidelines of either the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation or 
the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”). These loans are then sold into the secondary market on a loan-
by-loan basis, usually directly to Fannie Mae. The Bank earns origination and servicing fees from this service.

Commercial and Industrial Loans. Commercial lending activities of the Company include small business loans, asset-
based loans, and other secured and unsecured loans and lines of credit. Commercial and industrial loans may entail greater 
risk than residential mortgage loans, and are therefore underwritten with strict risk management standards. Among the criteria 
for determining the borrower’s ability to repay is a cash flow analysis of the business and business collateral.

Consumer Loans. As part of its full range of services, the Company’s consumer lending services include automobile 

lending, home improvement loans, credit cards and unsecured personal loans. These consumer loans historically entail 
greater risk than loans secured by real estate, but also generate a higher return.

Consumer Deposit Services. Consumer deposit products offered by the Company include checking accounts, savings 

accounts, money market accounts, certificates of deposit, online banking, mobile banking and electronic statements.

Commercial Banking Services. The Company offers a variety of services to commercial customers. These services 
include analysis checking, cash management deposit accounts, wire services, direct deposit payroll service, online banking, 
telephone banking, remote deposit and a full line of commercial lending options. The bank also offers Small Business 
Administration (“SBA”) loan products under the 504 Program and the Paycheck Protection Program. The 505 Program 
provides long-term funding for commercial real estate and long-lived equipment. This allows commercial customers to obtain 
favorable rate loans for the development of business opportunities, while providing the Bank with a partial guarantee of the 
outstanding loan balance. The Paycheck Protection Program, which was authorized under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and 
Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), provides small business loans to pay payroll and group health costs, salaries and 
commissions, mortgage and rent payments, utilities, and interest on other debt.

Competition

The financial services industry is highly competitive. The Company competes for loans, deposits and financial services 

directly with other bank and nonbank institutions located within its markets, internet-based banks, out-of-market banks and 
bank holding companies that advertise or otherwise serve its markets, along with money market and mutual funds, brokerage 
houses, mortgage companies, and insurance companies or other commercial entities that offer financial services products. 
Competition involves efforts to retain current customers and to obtain new loans and deposits, and differentiators include the 
scope and type of services offered, interest rates paid on deposits and charged on loans, and the customer service experience. 
Many of the Company’s competitors enjoy competitive advantages, including greater financial resources, a wider geographic 
presence, more accessible branch office locations, the ability to offer additional services, more favorable pricing alternatives 
and lower origination and operating costs. The Company believes that its competitive pricing, personalized service and 
community involvement enable it to effectively compete in the communities in which it operates.

Employees

The Company had 244 full-time and 27 part-time employees as of December 31, 2019. None of its employees are 

represented by any collective bargaining unit and the Company believes that relations with its employees are good.

3

Supervision and Regulation

The Company and the Bank are extensively regulated under federal and state law. The following information describes 
certain aspects of that regulation applicable to the Company and the Bank and does not purport to be complete. Proposals to 
change the laws, regulations, and policies governing the banking industry are frequently raised in U.S. Congress, in state 
legislatures, and before the various bank regulatory agencies. The likelihood and timing of any changes and the impact such 
changes might have on the Company and the Bank are impossible to determine with any certainty.  A change in applicable 
laws, regulations or policies, or a change in the way such laws, regulations or policies are interpreted by regulatory agencies 
or courts, may have a material impact on the business, operations, and earnings of the Company and the Bank.

Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.

The Company is qualified as a bank holding company within the meaning of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, 
as amended (the “BHC Act”), and is registered as such with the Federal Reserve. As a bank holding company, the Company 
is subject to supervision, regulation and examination by the Federal Reserve and is required to file various reports and 
additional information with the Federal Reserve. The Company is also registered under the bank holding company laws of 
Virginia and is subject to supervision, regulation and examination by the Virginia SCC.

Under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (the “GLB Act”), a bank holding company may elect to become a financial 

holding company and thereby engage in a broader range of financial and other activities than are permissible for traditional 
bank holding companies. In order to qualify for the election, all of the depository institution subsidiaries of the bank holding 
company must be well capitalized, well managed, and have achieved a rating of “satisfactory” or better under the Community 
Reinvestment Act (the “CRA”). Financial holding companies are permitted to engage in activities that are “financial in 
nature” or incidental or complementary thereto as determined by the Federal Reserve. The GLB Act identifies several 
activities as “financial in nature,” including insurance underwriting and sales, investment advisory services, merchant 
banking and underwriting, and dealing or making a market in securities. The Company has not elected to become a financial 
holding company and has no immediate plans to become a financial holding company.

Blue Ridge Bank, National Association

The Bank is a federally chartered national bank. As a national bank, the Bank is subject to supervision, regulation and 

examination by the OCC and is required to file various reports and additional information with the OCC. The OCC has 
primary supervisory and regulatory authority over the operations of the Bank. Because the Bank accepts insured deposits 
from the public, it is also subject to examination by the FDIC.

Depository institutions, including the Bank, are subject to extensive federal and state regulations that significantly affect 

their businesses and activities. Regulatory bodies have broad authority to implement standards and initiate proceedings 
designed to prohibit depository institutions from engaging in unsafe and unsound banking practices. The standards relate 
generally to operations and management, asset quality, interest rate exposure, and capital. The bank regulatory agencies are 
authorized to take action against institutions that fail to meet such standards.

As with other financial institutions, the earnings of the Bank are affected by general economic conditions and by the 

monetary policies of the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve exerts a substantial influence on interest rates and credit 
conditions, primarily through open market operations in U.S. Government securities, setting the reserve requirements of 
member banks, and establishing the discount rate on member bank borrowings. The policies of the Federal Reserve have a 
direct impact on loan and deposit growth and the interest rates charged and paid thereon. They also impact the source, cost of 
funds, and the rates of return on investments. Changes in the Federal Reserve’s monetary policies have had a significant 
impact on the operating results of the Bank and other financial institutions and are expected to continue to do so in the future.

The Dodd-Frank Act

On July 21, 2010, President Obama signed into law the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act 

of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”). The Dodd-Frank Act significantly restructured the financial regulatory regime in the United 
States and has had a broad impact on the financial services industry as a result of the significant regulatory and compliance 
changes required under the act. A summary of certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act is set forth below:

Increased Capital Standards. The federal banking agencies are required to establish minimum leverage and risk-based 

capital requirements for banks and bank holding companies. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act increased such 
requirements. See “Capital Requirements” below.

4

Deposit Insurance. The Dodd-Frank Act made permanent the $250,000 deposit insurance limit for insured deposits. 
Amendments to the Federal Deposit Insurance Act of 1950 (the “FDI Act”) also revised the assessment base against which an 
insured depository institution’s deposit insurance premiums paid to the DIF are calculated. Under the amendments, the 
assessment base is no longer the institution’s deposit base, but rather its average consolidated total assets less its average 
tangible equity during the assessment period. Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act made changes to the minimum designated 
reserve ratio of the DIF, increasing the minimum from 1.15% to 1.35% of the estimated amount of total insured deposits and 
eliminating the requirement that the FDIC pay dividends to depository institutions when the reserve ratio exceeds certain 
thresholds. The Dodd-Frank Act also provides that depository institutions may pay interest on demand deposits.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The Dodd-Frank Act created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau 
(the “CFPB”). The CFPB is charged with establishing rules and regulations under certain federal consumer protection laws 
with respect to the conduct of providers of certain consumer financial products and services. See “Consumer Financial 
Protection” below.

Compensation Practices. The Dodd-Frank Act provides that the appropriate federal regulators must establish standards 

prohibiting as an unsafe and unsound practice any compensation plan of a bank holding company or bank that provides an 
insider or other employee with “excessive compensation” or that could lead to a material financial loss to such firm. In June 
2010, prior to the Dodd-Frank Act, the federal bank regulatory agencies promulgated the Interagency Guidance on Sound 
Incentive Compensation Policies, which requires that financial institutions establish metrics for measuring the impact of 
activities to achieve incentive compensation with the related risk to the financial institution of such behavior.

Recent Amendments to the Dodd-Frank Act. The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act of 

2018 (the “EGRRCPA”), which became effective May 24, 2018, amended the Dodd-Frank Act to provide regulatory relief 
for certain smaller and regional financial institutions, such as the Company and the Bank. The EGRRCPA, among other 
things, provides financial institutions with less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets with relief from certain capital 
requirements and exempts banks with less than $250 billion in total consolidated assets from the enhanced prudential 
standards and the company-run and supervisory stress tests required under the Dodd-Frank Act. The Dodd-Frank Act has 
had, and may in the future have, a material impact on the Company’s operations, particularly through increased compliance 
costs resulting from new and possible future consumer and fair lending regulations. The future changes resulting from the 
Dodd-Frank Act may affect the profitability of business activities, require changes to certain business practices, impose more 
stringent regulatory requirements or otherwise adversely affect the business and financial condition of the Company and the 
Bank. These changes may also require the Company to invest significant management attention and resources to evaluate and 
make necessary changes to comply with new statutory and regulatory requirements.

Deposit Insurance

The deposits of the Bank are insured up to applicable limits by the DIF and are subject to deposit insurance assessments 

to maintain the DIF. On April 1, 2011, the deposit insurance assessment base changed from total deposits to average total 
assets minus average tangible equity, pursuant to a rule issued by the FDIC as required by the Dodd-Frank Act. Effective 
July 1, 2016, the FDIC changed its deposit insurance pricing to a “financial ratios method” based on “CAMELS” composite 
ratings to determine assessment rates for small established institutions with less than $10 billion in assets. The CAMELS 
rating system is a supervisory rating system designed to take into account and reflect all financial and operational risks that a 
bank may face, including capital adequacy, asset quality, management capability, earnings, liquidity and sensitivity to market 
risk (“CAMELS”). CAMELS composite ratings set a maximum assessment for CAMELS 1 and 2 rated banks, and set 
minimum assessments for lower rated institutions.

The FDIC’s “reserve ratio” of the DIF to total industry deposits reached its 1.15% target effective June 30, 2016. On 

March 15, 2016, the FDIC implemented by final rule certain Dodd-Frank Act provisions by raising the DIF’s minimum 
reserve ratio from 1.15% to 1.35%. The FDIC imposed a 4.5 basis point annual surcharge on insured depository institutions 
with total consolidated assets of $10 billion or more. The new rule granted credits to smaller banks for the portion of their 
regular assessments that contributed to increasing the reserve ratio from 1.15% to 1.35%. The 1.35% target was achieved in 
the third quarter of 2018. In 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded expense of $420,733 and $250,319, respectively, for 
FDIC insurance premiums.

In addition, all FDIC insured institutions were required to pay assessments to the FDIC at an annual rate of 

approximately one basis point of insured deposits to fund interest payments on bonds issued by the Financing Corporation, an 
agency of the federal government established to recapitalize the predecessor to the Savings Association Insurance Fund, until 
the bonds matured during 2019.

5

Capital Requirements

The Federal Reserve, the OCC and the FDIC have issued substantially similar capital requirements applicable to all 

banks and bank holding companies. In addition, those regulatory agencies may from time to time require that a banking 
organization maintain capital above the minimum levels because of its financial condition or actual or anticipated growth.

Effective January 1, 2015, the Company and the Bank became subject to the rules implementing the Basel III capital 

framework and certain related provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act (the “Basel III Capital Rules”). The Basel III Capital Rules 
require the Company and the Bank to comply with the following minimum capital ratios: (i) a ratio of common equity Tier 1 
to risk-weighted assets of at least 4.5%, plus a 2.5% “capital conservation buffer” (effectively resulting in a minimum ratio of 
common equity Tier 1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 7%), (ii) a ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 
6.0%, plus the 2.5% capital conservation buffer (effectively resulting in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%), (iii) a ratio 
of total capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 8.0%, plus the 2.5% capital conservation buffer (effectively resulting in a 
minimum total capital ratio of 10.5%), and (iv) a leverage ratio of 4%, calculated as the ratio of Tier 1 capital to average 
assets. The phase-in of the capital conservation buffer requirement began on January 1, 2016, at 0.625% of risk-weighted 
assets, increasing by the same amount each year until it was fully implemented at 2.5% on January 1, 2019. The capital 
conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. Banking institutions with a ratio of 
common equity Tier 1 to risk-weighted assets above the minimum but below the conservation buffer face constraints on 
dividends, equity repurchases, and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall. The Tier 1 and total capital to risk-
weighted asset ratios of the Company were 12.13% and 14.26%, respectively, as of December 31, 2019, thus exceeding the 
minimum requirements. The common equity Tier 1 capital ratio was 12.13% for the Company and 11.14% for the Bank as of 
December 31, 2019. The Tier 1 and total capital to risk-weighted asset ratios of the Bank were 11.14% and 11.82%, 
respectively, as of December 31, 2019, also exceeding the minimum requirements.

With respect to the Bank, the “prompt corrective action” regulations pursuant to Section 38 of the FDI Act were also 

revised, effective as of January 1, 2015, to incorporate a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio and to increase certain other 
capital ratios. To be well capitalized under the revised regulations, a bank must have the following minimum capital ratios: 
(i) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 6.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of at least 8.0%; (iii) 
a total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of at least 10.0%; and (iv) a leverage ratio of at least 5.0%. The Bank exceeded the 
thresholds to be considered well capitalized as of December 31, 2019.

The Basel III Capital Rules also changed the risk weights of assets to better reflect credit risk and other risk exposures. 

These include a 150% risk weight for certain high volatility commercial real estate acquisition, development and construction 
loans and nonresidential mortgage loans that are 90 days past due or otherwise on non-accrual status, a 20% credit conversion 
factor for the unused portion of a commitment with an original maturity of one year or less that is not unconditionally 
cancelable, a 250% risk weight for mortgage servicing rights and deferred tax assets that are not deducted from capital, and 
increased risk-weights for equity exposures.

In December 2017, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published standards that it described as the 
finalization of the Basel III post-crisis regulatory reforms (the standards are commonly referred to as “Basel IV”). Among 
other things, these standards revise the standardized approach for credit risk (including by recalibrating risk weights and 
introducing new capital requirements for certain “unconditionally cancellable commitments,” such as unused credit card lines 
of credit) and provide a new standardized approach for operational risk capital. Under the proposed framework, these 
standards will generally be effective on January 1, 2022, with an aggregate output floor phasing-in through January 1, 2027. 
Under the current capital rules, operational risk capital requirements and a capital floor apply only to advanced approaches 
institutions, and not to the Company. The impact of Basel IV on the Company and the Bank will depend on the manner in 
which it is implemented by the federal bank regulatory agencies.

On August 28, 2018, the Federal Reserve issued an interim final rule required by the EGRRCPA that expands the 

applicability of the Federal Reserve’s Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement (the “SBHC Policy Statement”) to 
bank holding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $3 billion (up from the prior $1 billion threshold). Under 
the SBHC Policy Statement, qualifying bank holding companies have additional flexibility in the amount of debt they can 
issue and are also exempt from the Basel III Capital Rules (subsidiary depository institutions of qualifying bank holding 
companies are still subject to capital requirements). The Company currently has less than $3 billion in total consolidated 
assets and would likely qualify under the revised SBHC Policy Statement. However, the Company does not currently intend 
to issue a material amount of debt or take any other action that would cause its capital ratios to fall below the minimum ratios 
required by the Basel III Capital Rules.

6

On September 17, 2019, the federal banking agencies jointly issued a final rule required by the EGRRCPA that permits 
qualifying banks and bank holding companies that have less than $10 billion in consolidated assets to elect to be subject to a 
9% leverage ratio that would be applied using less complex leverage calculations (commonly referred to as the community 
bank leverage ratio or “CBLR”). Under the rule, which became effective on January 1, 2020, banks and bank holding 
companies that opt into the CBLR framework and maintain a CBLR of greater than 9% are not subject to other risk-based 
and leverage capital requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules and would be deemed to have met the well capitalized 
ratio requirements under the “prompt corrective action” framework.  These CBLR rules were modified in response to the 
novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic.  See “— Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act” below.  The 
Company is evaluating whether to opt in to the CBLR framework.

Dividends

The Company’s principal source of cash flow, including cash flow to pay dividends to its shareholders, is dividends it 

receives from the Bank. Statutory and regulatory limitations apply to the Bank’s payment of dividends to the Company. As a 
general rule, the amount of a dividend may not exceed, without prior regulatory approval, the sum of net income in the 
calendar year to date and the retained net earnings of the immediately preceding two calendar years. A depository institution 
may not pay any dividend if payment would cause the institution to become “undercapitalized” or if it already is 
“undercapitalized.” The OCC may prevent the payment of a dividend if it determines that the payment would be an unsafe 
and unsound banking practice. The OCC also has advised that a national bank should generally pay dividends only out of 
current operating earnings. In addition, under the current supervisory practices of the Federal Reserve, the Company should 
inform and consult with the Federal Reserve reasonably in advance of declaring or paying a dividend that exceeds earnings 
for the period (e.g., quarter) for which the dividend is being paid or that could result in a material adverse change to the 
Company’s capital structure.

Permitted Activities

As a bank holding company, the Company is limited to managing or controlling banks, furnishing services to or 
performing services for its subsidiaries, and engaging in other activities that the Federal Reserve determines by regulation or 
order to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto. In determining 
whether a particular activity is permissible, the Federal Reserve must consider whether the performance of such an activity 
reasonably can be expected to produce benefits to the public that outweigh possible adverse effects. Possible benefits include 
greater convenience, increased competition, and gains in efficiency. Possible adverse effects include undue concentration of 
resources, decreased or unfair competition, conflicts of interest, and unsound banking practices. Despite prior approval, the 
Federal Reserve may order a bank holding company or its subsidiaries to terminate any activity or to terminate ownership or 
control of any subsidiary when the Federal Reserve has reasonable cause to believe that a serious risk to the financial safety, 
soundness or stability of any bank subsidiary of that bank holding company may result from such an activity.

Banking Acquisitions; Changes in Control

The BHC Act requires, among other things, the prior approval of the Federal Reserve in any case where a bank holding 

company proposes to (i) acquire direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of the outstanding voting stock of 
any bank or bank holding company (unless it already owns a majority of such voting shares), (ii) acquire all or substantially 
all of the assets of another bank or bank holding company, or (iii) merge or consolidate with any other bank holding 
company. In determining whether to approve a proposed bank acquisition, the Federal Reserve will consider, among other 
factors, the effect of the acquisition on competition, the public benefits expected to be received from the acquisition, the 
projected capital ratios and levels on a post-acquisition basis, and the acquiring institution’s performance under the CRA and 
its compliance with fair housing and other consumer protection laws.

Subject to certain exceptions, the BHC Act and the Change in Bank Control Act, together with the applicable 
regulations, require Federal Reserve approval (or, depending on the circumstances, no notice of disapproval) prior to any 
person or company acquiring “control” of a bank or bank holding company. A conclusive presumption of control exists if an 
individual or company acquires the power, directly or indirectly, to direct the management or policies of an insured 
depository institution or to vote 25% or more of any class of voting securities of any insured depository institution. A 
rebuttable presumption of control exists if a person or company acquires 10% or more but less than 25% of any class of 
voting securities of an insured depository institution and either the institution has registered its securities with the SEC under 
Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or no other person will own a greater 
percentage of that class of voting securities immediately after the acquisition.

7

In addition, Virginia law requires the prior approval of the Virginia SCC for (i) the acquisition of more than 5% of the 

voting shares of a Virginia bank or any holding company that controls a Virginia bank, or (ii) the acquisition by a Virginia 
bank holding company of a bank or its holding company domiciled outside Virginia.

Source of Strength

Federal Reserve policy has historically required bank holding companies to act as a source of financial and managerial 

strength to their subsidiary banks. The Dodd-Frank Act codified this policy as a statutory requirement. Under this 
requirement, the Company is expected to commit resources to support the Bank, including at times when the Company may 
not be in a financial position to provide such resources. Any capital loans by a bank holding company to any of its subsidiary 
banks are subordinate in right of payment to depositors and to certain other indebtedness of such subsidiary banks. In the 
event of a bank holding company’s bankruptcy, any commitment by the bank holding company to a federal bank regulatory 
agency to maintain the capital of a subsidiary bank will be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to priority of 
payment.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act

Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”), the federal bank regulatory 
agencies possess broad powers to take prompt corrective action to resolve problems of insured depository institutions. The 
extent of these powers depends upon whether the institution is “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” 
“undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized,” or “critically undercapitalized,” as defined by the law.

Reflecting changes under the new Basel III capital requirements, the relevant capital measures that became effective on 

January 1, 2015 for prompt corrective action are the total capital ratio, the common equity Tier 1 capital ratio, the Tier 1 
capital ratio and the leverage ratio. A bank will be (i) “well capitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 
10.0% or greater, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.5% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, 
and a leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater, and is not subject to any capital directive order; (ii) “adequately capitalized” if the 
institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5% or greater, a 
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater, and a leverage ratio of 4.0% or greater and is not “well capitalized”; (iii) 
“undercapitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio that is less than 8.0%, a common equity Tier 1 capital 
ratio less than 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0% or a leverage ratio of less than 4.0%; (iv) “significantly 
undercapitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0%, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio 
less than 3.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4.0% or a leverage ratio of less than 3.0%; and (v) “critically 
undercapitalized” if the institution’s tangible equity is equal to or less than 2.0% of average quarterly tangible assets. An 
institution may be downgraded to, or deemed to be in, a capital category that is lower than indicated by its capital ratios if it 
is determined to be in an unsafe or unsound condition or if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating with respect to 
certain matters. A bank’s capital category is determined solely for the purpose of applying prompt corrective action 
regulations, and the capital category may not constitute an accurate representation of the bank’s overall financial condition or 
prospects for other purposes. Management believes, as of December 31, 2019, the Company met the requirements for being 
classified as “well capitalized.”

As described above, on September 17, 2019, the federal banking agencies jointly issued a final rule required by the 

EGRRCPA that permits qualifying banks and bank holding companies that have less than $10 billion in consolidated assets 
to elect to opt into the CBLR framework. Under the rule, which became effective on January 1, 2020, banks and bank 
holding companies that opt into the CBLR framework and maintain a CBLR of greater than 9% would be deemed to have 
met the well capitalized ratio requirements under the “prompt corrective action” framework. These CBLR rules were 
modified in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.  See “— Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act” below.  
The Company is evaluating whether to opt in to the CBLR framework.

As required by FDICIA, the federal bank regulatory agencies also have adopted guidelines prescribing safety and 
soundness standards relating to, among other things, internal controls and information systems, internal audit systems, loan 
documentation, credit underwriting, and interest rate exposure. In general, the guidelines require appropriate systems and 
practices to identify and manage the risks and exposures specified in the guidelines. In addition, the agencies adopted 
regulations that authorize, but do not require, an institution that has been notified that it is not in compliance with safety and 
soundness standard to submit a compliance plan. If, after being so notified, an institution fails to submit an acceptable 
compliance plan, the agency must issue an order directing action to correct the deficiency and may issue an order directing 
other actions of the types to which an undercapitalized institution is subject under the prompt corrective action provisions 
described above.

8

Transactions with Affiliates

Pursuant to Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation W, the authority of the Bank to engage in 

transactions with related parties or “affiliates” or to make loans to insiders is limited. Loan transactions with an affiliate 
generally must be collateralized and certain transactions between the Bank and its affiliates, including the sale of assets, the 
payment of money or the provision of services, must be on terms and conditions that are substantially the same, or at least as 
favorable to the Bank, as those prevailing for comparable nonaffiliated transactions. In addition, the Bank generally may not 
purchase securities issued or underwritten by affiliates.

Loans to executive officers, directors or to any person who directly or indirectly, or acting through or in concert with 
one or more persons, owns, controls or has the power to vote more than 10% of any class of voting securities of a bank, are 
subject to Sections 22(g) and 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act and their corresponding regulations (Regulation O) and 
Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act relating to the prohibition on personal loans to executives (which exempts financial 
institutions in compliance with the insider lending restrictions of Section 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act). Among other 
things, these loans must be made on terms substantially the same as those prevailing on transactions made to unaffiliated 
individuals and certain extensions of credit to those persons must first be approved in advance by a disinterested majority of 
the entire board of directors. Section 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act prohibits loans to any of those individuals where the 
aggregate amount exceeds an amount equal to 15% of an institution’s unimpaired capital and surplus plus an additional 10% 
of unimpaired capital and surplus in the case of loans that are fully secured by readily marketable collateral, or when the 
aggregate amount on all of the extensions of credit outstanding to all of these persons would exceed the Bank’s unimpaired 
capital and unimpaired surplus. Section 22(g) of the Federal Reserve Act identifies limited circumstances in which the Bank 
is permitted to extend credit to executive officers.

Consumer Financial Protection

The Company is subject to a number of federal and state consumer protection laws that extensively govern its 
relationship with its customers. These laws include the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the 
Truth in Lending Act, the Truth in Savings Act, the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, the Expedited Funds Availability Act, the 
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, the Fair Housing Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, the Fair Debt Collection 
Practices Act, the Service Members Civil Relief Act, laws governing flood insurance, federal and state laws prohibiting 
unfair and deceptive business practices, foreclosure laws, and various regulations that implement some or all of the 
foregoing. These laws and regulations mandate certain disclosure requirements and regulate the manner in which financial 
institutions must deal with customers when taking deposits, making loans, collecting loans and providing other services. If 
the Company fails to comply with these laws and regulations, it may be subject to various penalties. Failure to comply with 
consumer protection requirements may also result in failure to obtain any required bank regulatory approval for merger or 
acquisition transactions the Company may wish to pursue or being prohibited from engaging in such transactions even if 
approval is not required.

The Dodd-Frank Act centralized responsibility for consumer financial protection by creating a new agency, the CFPB, 
and giving it responsibility for implementing, examining, and enforcing compliance with federal consumer protection laws. 
The CFPB focuses on (i) risks to consumers and compliance with the federal consumer financial laws, (ii) the markets in 
which firms operate and risks to consumers posed by activities in those markets, (iii) depository institutions that offer a wide 
variety of consumer financial products and services, and (iv) non-depository companies that offer one or more consumer 
financial products or services. The CFPB has broad rule making authority for a wide range of consumer financial laws that 
apply to all banks, including, among other things, the authority to prohibit “unfair, deceptive or abusive” acts and practices. 
Abusive acts or practices are defined as those that materially interfere with a consumer’s ability to understand a term or 
condition of a consumer financial product or service or take unreasonable advantage of a consumer’s (i) lack of financial 
savvy, (ii) inability to protect himself in the selection or use of consumer financial products or services, or (iii) reasonable 
reliance on a covered entity to act in the consumer’s interests. The CFPB can issue cease-and-desist orders against banks and 
other entities that violate consumer financial laws. The CFPB may also institute a civil action against an entity in violation of 
federal consumer financial law in order to impose a civil penalty or injunction.

Community Reinvestment Act

The CRA requires the appropriate federal banking agency, in connection with its examination of a bank, to assess the 

bank’s record in meeting the credit needs of the communities served by the bank, including low and moderate income 
neighborhoods. Furthermore, such assessment is also required of banks that have applied, among other things, to merge or 
consolidate with or acquire the assets or assume the liabilities of an insured depository institution, or to open or relocate a 
branch. In the case of a bank holding company applying for approval to acquire a bank or bank holding company, the record 
of each subsidiary bank of the applicant bank holding company is subject to assessment in considering the application. Under 
9

the CRA, institutions are assigned a rating of “outstanding,” “satisfactory,” “needs to improve,” or “substantial non-
compliance.” The Bank was rated “satisfactory” in its most recent CRA evaluation.

Anti-Money Laundering Legislation

The Company is subject to the Bank Secrecy Act and other anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including the 
USA Patriot Act of 2001. Among other things, these laws and regulations require the Company to take steps to prevent the 
use of the Company for facilitating the flow of illegal or illicit money, to report large currency transactions, and to file 
suspicious activity reports. The Company is also required to carry out a comprehensive anti-money laundering compliance 
program. Violations can result in substantial civil and criminal sanctions. In addition, provisions of the USA Patriot Act 
require the federal bank regulatory agencies to consider the effectiveness of a financial institution’s anti-money laundering 
activities when reviewing bank mergers and bank holding company acquisitions.

Office of Foreign Assets Control

The U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) is responsible for administering and 
enforcing economic and trade sanctions against specified foreign parties, including countries and regimes, foreign individuals 
and other foreign organizations and entities. OFAC publishes lists of prohibited parties that are regularly consulted by the 
Company in the conduct of its business in order to assure compliance. The Company is responsible for, among other things, 
blocking accounts of, and transactions with, prohibited parties identified by OFAC, avoiding unlicensed trade and financial 
transactions with such parties and reporting blocked transactions after their occurrence. Failure to comply with OFAC 
requirements could have serious legal, financial and reputational consequences for the Company.

Privacy Legislation

Several recent laws, including the Right to Financial Privacy Act, and related regulations issued by the federal bank 

regulatory agencies, also provide new protections against the transfer and use of customer information by financial 
institutions. A financial institution must provide to its customers information regarding its policies and procedures with 
respect to the handling of customers’ personal information. Each institution must conduct an internal risk assessment of its 
ability to protect customer information. These privacy provisions generally prohibit a financial institution from providing a 
customer’s personal financial information to unaffiliated parties without prior notice and approval from the customer.

Incentive Compensation

In June 2010, the federal bank regulatory agencies issued comprehensive final guidance on incentive compensation 
policies intended to ensure that the incentive compensation policies of financial institutions do not undermine the safety and 
soundness of such institutions by encouraging excessive risk-taking. The Interagency Guidance on Sound Incentive 
Compensation Policies, which covers all employees that have the ability to materially affect the risk profile of a financial 
institutions, either individually or as part of a group, is based upon the key principles that a financial institution’s incentive 
compensation arrangements should (i) provide incentives that do not encourage risk-taking beyond the institution’s ability to 
effectively identify and manage risks, (ii) be compatible with effective internal controls and risk management, and (iii) be 
supported by strong corporate governance, including active and effective oversight by the financial institution’s board of 
directors.

Section 956 of the Dodd-Frank Act requires the federal banking agencies and the SEC to establish joint regulations or 

guidelines prohibiting incentive-based payment arrangements at specified regulated entities that encourage inappropriate risk-
taking by providing an executive officer, employee, director or principal shareholder with excessive compensation, fees, or 
benefits or that could lead to material financial loss to the entity. The federal banking agencies issued such proposed rules in 
March 2011 and issued a revised proposed rule in June 2016 implementing the requirements and prohibitions set forth in 
Section 956. The revised proposed rule would apply to all banks, among other institutions, with at least $1 billion in average 
total consolidated assets for which it would go beyond the existing Interagency Guidance on Sound Incentive Compensation 
Policies to (i) prohibit certain types and features of incentive-based compensation arrangements for senior executive officers, 
(ii) require incentive-based compensation arrangements to adhere to certain basic principles to avoid a presumption of 
encouraging inappropriate risk, (iii) require appropriate board or committee oversight, (iv) establish minimum recordkeeping, 
and (v) mandate disclosures to the appropriate federal banking agency. The comment period for these proposed rules has 
closed and final rules have not yet been published. 

10

The Federal Reserve will review, as part of the regular, risk-focused examination process, the incentive compensation 

arrangements of financial institutions, such as the Company, that are not “large, complex banking organizations.” These 
reviews will be tailored to each financial institution based on the scope and complexity of the institution’s activities and the 
prevalence of incentive compensation arrangements. The findings of the supervisory initiatives will be included in reports of 
examination. Deficiencies will be incorporated into the institution’s supervisory ratings, which can affect the institution’s 
ability to make acquisitions and take other actions. Enforcement actions may be taken against a financial institution if its 
incentive compensation arrangements, or related risk-management control or governance processes, pose a risk to the 
institution’s safety and soundness and the financial institution is not taking prompt and effective measures to correct the 
deficiencies. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had not been made aware of any instances of non-compliance with the 
final guidance.

Ability-to-Repay and Qualified Mortgage Rule

Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFPB issued a final rule effective on January 10, 2014, amending Regulation Z as 

implemented by the Truth in Lending Act, requiring mortgage lenders to make a reasonable and good faith determination 
based on verified and documented information that a consumer applying for a mortgage loan has a reasonable ability to repay 
the loan according to its terms. Mortgage lenders are required to determine consumers’ ability to repay in one of two ways. 
The first alternative requires the mortgage lender to consider the following eight underwriting factors when making the credit 
decision: (i) current or reasonably expected income or assets; (ii) current employment status; (iii) the monthly payment on the 
covered transaction; (iv) the monthly payment on any simultaneous loan; (v) the monthly payment for mortgage-related 
obligations; (vi) current debt obligations, alimony, and child support; (vii) the monthly debt-to-income ratio or residual 
income; and (viii) credit history. Alternatively, the mortgage lender can originate “qualified mortgages,” which are entitled to 
a presumption that the creditor making the loan satisfied the ability-to-repay requirements. In general, a “qualified mortgage” 
is a mortgage loan without negative amortization, interest-only payments, balloon payments, or terms exceeding 30 years. In 
addition, to be a qualified mortgage the points and fees paid by a consumer cannot exceed 3% of the total loan amount. 
Qualified mortgages that are “higher-priced” (e.g. subprime loans) garner a rebuttable presumption of compliance with 
the ability-to-repay rules, while qualified mortgages that are not “higher-priced” (e.g. prime loans) are given a safe harbor of 
compliance. The Company is predominantly an originator of compliant qualified mortgages.

Cybersecurity

In March 2015, federal regulators issued two related statements regarding cybersecurity. One statement indicates that 
financial institutions should design multiple layers of security controls to establish lines of defense and to ensure that their 
risk management processes also address the risk posed by compromised customer credentials, including security measures to 
reliably authenticate customers accessing internet-based services of the financial institution. The other statement indicates 
that a financial institution’s management is expected to maintain sufficient business continuity planning processes to ensure 
the rapid recovery, resumption and maintenance of the institution’s operations after a cyber-attack involving destructive 
malware. A financial institution is also expected to develop appropriate processes to enable recovery of data and business 
operations and address rebuilding network capabilities and restoring data if the institution or its critical service providers fall 
victim to this type of cyber-attack. If the Company fails to observe the regulatory guidance, it could be subject to various 
regulatory sanctions, including financial penalties.

Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, President Trump signed into law the CARES Act on March 27, 2020.  Among 

other things, the CARES Act included the following provisions impacting financial institutions:

Legal Lending Limit Waiver.  The CARES Act permits the OCC to waive legal lending limits to any particular borrower 

(i) with respect to loans to nonbank financial companies or (ii) upon a finding by the OCC that such exemption is in the 
public interest, with respect to any other borrower, in each case until the earlier of the termination date of the national 
emergency or December 31, 2020.

Community Bank Leverage Ratio.  The CARES Act directs federal banking agencies to adopt interim final rules to 
lower the threshold under the CBLR from 9% to 8% and to provide a reasonable grace period for a community bank that falls 
below the threshold to regain compliance, in each case until the earlier of the termination date of the national emergency or 
December 31, 2020.  In April 2020, the federal bank regulatory agencies issued two interim final rules implementing this 
directive.  One interim final rule provides that, as of the second quarter 2020, banking organizations with leverage ratios of 
8% or greater (and that meet the other existing qualifying criteria) may elect to use the CBLR framework.  It also establishes 
a two-quarter grace period for qualifying community banking organizations whose leverage ratios fall below the 8% CBLR 
requirement, so long as the banking organization maintains a leverage ratio of 7% or greater.  The second interim final rule 
11

provides a transition from the temporary 8% CBLR requirement to a 9% CBLR requirement.  It establishes a minimum 
CBLR of 8% for the second through fourth quarters of 2020, 8.5% for 2021, and 9% thereafter, and maintains a two-quarter 
grace period for qualifying community banking organizations whose leverage ratios fall no more than 100 basis points below 
the applicable CBLR requirement.

Temporary Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) Relief.  The CARES Act allows banks to elect to suspend 

requirements under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for loan 
modifications related to the COVID-19 pandemic (for loans that were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 
2019) that would otherwise be categorized as a TDR, including impairment for accounting purposes, until the earlier of 60 
days after the termination date of the national emergency or December 31, 2020.  Federal banking agencies are required to 
defer to the determination of the banks making such suspension.

Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program.  The CARES Act created the SBA’s Paycheck Protection 

Program.  Under the Paycheck Protection Program, $349 billion was authorized for small business loans to pay payroll and 
group health costs, salaries and commissions, mortgage and rent payments, utilities, and interest on other debt.  The loans are 
provided through participating financial institutions, such as the Bank, that process loan applications and service the loans.

Future Legislation and Regulation

Congress may enact legislation from time to time that affects the regulation of the financial services industry, and state 
legislatures may enact legislation from time to time affecting the regulation of financial institutions chartered by or operating 
in those states. Federal and state regulatory agencies also periodically propose and adopt changes to their regulations or 
change the manner in which existing regulations are applied. The substance or impact of pending or future legislation or 
regulation, or the application thereof, cannot be predicted, although enactment of the proposed legislation could impact the 
regulatory structure under which the Company and the Bank operate and may significantly increase costs, impede the 
efficiency of internal business processes, require an increase in regulatory capital, require modifications to business strategy, 
and limit the ability to pursue business opportunities in an efficient manner. A change in statutes, regulations or regulatory 
policies applicable to the Company or the Bank could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and 
results of operations of the Company and the Bank.

ITEM 1A: RISK FACTORS

An investment in the Company’s common stock involves certain risks, including those described below. In addition to 

the other information set forth in this report, investors in the Company’s securities should carefully consider the factors 
discussed below. These factors, either alone or taken together, could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, 
financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, capital position, and prospects. One or more of these could cause the 
Company’s actual results to differ materially from its historical results or the results contemplated by the forward-looking 
statements contained in this report, in which case the trading price of the Company’s securities could decline.

The outbreak of COVID-19, or the outbreak of another highly infectious or contagious disease, could adversely affect the 
Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company’s business is dependent upon the willingness and ability of its customers to conduct banking and other 

financial transactions. Since the beginning of January 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak has caused significant disruption in the 
financial markets both globally and in the United States. The continuing spread of COVID-19 and the related government 
actions to mandate or encourage quarantines and social distancing has resulted in a significant decrease in commercial 
activity nationally and in the Company’s markets, and may cause customers, vendors, and counterparties to be unable to meet 
existing payment or other obligations to the Company and the Bank.

The national public health crisis arising from the COVID-19 pandemic (and public expectations about it), combined 

with certain pre-existing factors, including, but not limited to, international trade disputes, inflation risks, and oil price 
volatility, could further destabilize the financial markets and the markets in which the Company operates.  The resulting 
impacts on consumers, including the sudden increase in the unemployment rate, is expected to cause changes in consumer 
and business spending, borrowing needs and saving habits, which will likely affect the demand for loans and other products 
and services the Company offers, as well as the creditworthiness of potential and current borrowers.  Borrower loan defaults 
that adversely affect the Company’s earnings correlate with deteriorating economic conditions, which, in turn, may impact 
borrowers’ creditworthiness and the Bank’s ability to make loans.

12

The use of quarantines and social distancing methods to curtail the spread of COVID-19 – whether mandated by 
governmental authorities or recommended as a public health practice – may adversely affect the Company’s operations as 
key personnel, employees and customers avoid physical interaction.  In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Bank has 
been directing branch customers to use drive-thru windows and online banking services, and many employees are 
telecommuting.  It is not yet known what impact these operational changes may have on the Company’s financial 
performance.  The continued spread of COVID-19 (or an outbreak of a similar highly contagious disease) could also 
negatively impact the business and operations of third-party service providers who perform critical services for the 
Company’s business.

As a result, if COVID-19 continues to spread or the response to contain the COVID-19 pandemic is unsuccessful, the 

Company could experience a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Company’s credit standards and its on-going credit assessment processes might not protect it from significant credit 
losses.

The Company assumes credit risk by virtue of making loans and extending loan commitments and letters of credit. The 

Company manages credit risk through a program of underwriting standards, the review of certain credit decisions and a 
continuous quality assessment process of credit already extended. The Company’s exposure to credit risk is managed through 
the use of consistent underwriting standards that emphasize local lending while avoiding highly leveraged transactions, as 
well as excessive industry and other concentrations. The Company’s credit administration function employs risk management 
techniques to help ensure that problem loans and leases are promptly identified. While these procedures are designed to 
provide the Company with the information needed to implement policy adjustments where necessary and to take appropriate 
corrective actions, there can be no assurance that such measures will be effective in avoiding undue credit risk.

The Bank’s allowance for loan losses may be insufficient and any increases in the allowance for loan losses may have a 
material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

The Bank maintains an allowance for loan losses, which is a reserve established through a provision for loan losses 
charged to expense, that represents the Bank’s best estimate of probable losses that have been incurred within the existing 
portfolio of loans. The allowance, in the judgment of management, is necessary to reserve for estimated loan losses and risks 
inherent in the loan portfolio.

The level of the allowance reflects management’s evaluation of the level of loans outstanding, the level of non-
performing loans, historical loan loss experience, delinquency trends, underlying collateral values, the amount of actual 
losses charged to the reserve in a given period and assessment of present and anticipated economic conditions. The 
determination of the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses inherently involves a high degree of subjectivity and 
requires the Bank to make significant estimates of current credit risks and future trends, all of which may undergo material 
changes.  The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the unprecedented governmental response have made these 
subjective judgements even more difficult.  Although the Bank believes the allowance for loan losses is a reasonable estimate 
of known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio, it cannot precisely predict such losses or be certain that the loan loss 
allowance will be adequate in the future. Deterioration of economic conditions affecting borrowers, new information 
regarding existing loans, identification of additional problem loans and other factors, both within and outside the Bank’s 
control, may require an increase in the allowance for loan losses. In addition, bank regulatory agencies and the Bank’s 
auditors periodically review its allowance for loan losses and may require an increase in the provision for loan losses or the 
recognition of further loan charge-offs, based on judgments different than those of management. Further, if charge-offs in 
future periods exceed the allowance for loan losses, the Bank will need additional provisions to increase the allowance for 
loan losses.

Non-performing assets take significant time to resolve and adversely affect the Company’s results of operations and 
financial condition.

The Company’s non-performing assets adversely affect its net income in various ways. Non-performing assets, which 
include non-accrual loans and other real estate owned, were $5.2 million, or 0.54% of total assets, as of December 31, 2019. 
When the Company receives collateral through foreclosures and similar proceedings, it is required to mark the related loan to 
the then fair market value of the collateral less estimated selling costs, which may result in a loss. An increased level of non-
performing assets also increases the Company’s risk profile and may impact the capital levels regulators believe are 
appropriate in light of such risks. The Company utilizes various techniques such as workouts, restructurings and loan sales to 
manage problem assets. Increases in, or negative changes in, the value of these problem assets, the underlying collateral, or in 
the borrowers’ performance or financial condition, could adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and 
financial condition. In addition, the resolution of non-performing assets requires significant commitments of time from 

13

management and staff, which can be detrimental to the performance of their other responsibilities, including generation of 
new loans. There can be no assurance that the Company will avoid increases in non-performing loans in the future.
The Company’s focus on lending to small to mid-sized community-based businesses may increase its credit risk.

Most of the Company’s commercial business and commercial real estate loans are made to small business or middle 

market customers. These businesses generally have fewer financial resources in terms of capital or borrowing capacity than 
larger entities and have a heightened vulnerability to economic conditions. If general economic conditions in the market areas 
in which the Company operates negatively impact this important customer sector, the Company’s results of operations and 
financial condition may be adversely affected. Moreover, a portion of these loans have been made by the Company in recent 
years and the borrowers may not have experienced a complete business or economic cycle. Any deterioration of the 
borrowers’ businesses may hinder their ability to repay their loans with the Company, which could have a material adverse 
effect on its financial condition and results of operations.

The Company’s concentration in loans secured by real estate may increase its future credit losses, which would negatively 
affect the Company’s financial results.

The Company offers a variety of secured loans, including commercial lines of credit, commercial term loans, real 

estate, construction, home equity, consumer and other loans. Credit risk and credit losses can increase if its loans are 
concentrated to borrowers who, as a group, may be uniquely or disproportionately affected by economic or market 
conditions. As of December 31, 2019, approximately 66.3% of the Company’s loans are secured by real estate, both 
residential and commercial, substantially all of which are located in its market area. A major change in the region’s real estate 
market, resulting in a deterioration in real estate values, or in the local or national economy, including changes caused by the 
COVID-19 pandemic, could adversely affect the Company customers’ ability to pay these loans, which in turn could 
adversely impact the Company. Risk of loan defaults and foreclosures are inherent in the banking industry, and the Company 
tries to limit its exposure to this risk by carefully underwriting and monitoring its extensions of credit. The Company cannot 
fully eliminate credit risk, and as a result credit losses may occur in the future.

The Company has a moderate concentration of credit exposure in commercial real estate and loans with this type of 
collateral are viewed as having more risk of default.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had approximately $251.8 million in loans secured by commercial real estate, 

representing approximately 38.9% of total loans outstanding at that date. The real estate consists primarily of non-owner-
operated properties and other commercial properties. These types of loans are generally viewed as having more risk of default 
than residential real estate loans. They are also typically larger than residential real estate loans and consumer loans and 
depend on cash flows from the owner’s business or the property to service the debt. It may be more difficult for commercial 
real estate borrowers to repay their loans in a timely manner, as commercial real estate borrowers’ abilities to repay their 
loans frequently depends on the successful rental of their properties. Cash flows may be affected significantly by general 
economic conditions, and a sustained downturn in the local economy or in occupancy rates in the local economy where the 
property is located could increase the likelihood of default. Because the Company’s loan portfolio contains a number of 
commercial real estate loans with relatively large balances, the deterioration of one or a few of these loans could cause a 
significant increase in its percentage of non-performing loans. An increase in non-performing loans could result in a loss of 
earnings from these loans, an increase in the provision for loan losses and an increase in charge-offs, all of which could have 
a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition.

The Company’s banking regulators generally give commercial real estate lending greater scrutiny, and may require 

banks with higher levels of commercial real estate loans to implement improved underwriting, internal controls, risk 
management policies and portfolio stress testing, as well as possibly higher levels of allowances for losses and capital as a 
result of commercial real estate lending growth and exposures, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s 
results of operations.

A portion of the Company’s loan portfolio consists of construction and land development loans, and a decline in real 
estate values and economic conditions would adversely affect the value of the collateral securing the loans and have an 
adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition.

At December 31, 2019, approximately 9.2% of the Company’s loan portfolio, or $64.7 million, consisted of 
construction and land development loans. Construction financing typically involves a higher degree of credit risk than 
financing on improved, owner-occupied real estate and improved, income producing real estate. Risk of loss on a 
construction or land development loan is largely dependent upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the property’s value at 
completion of construction or development, the marketability of the property, and the bid price and estimated cost (including 
interest) of construction or development. If the estimate of construction or development costs proves to be inaccurate, the 

14

Company may be required to advance funds beyond the amount originally committed to permit completion of the project. If 
the estimate of the value proves to be inaccurate, it may be confronted, at or prior to the maturity of the loan, with a project 
whose value is insufficient to assure full repayment. When lending to builders and developers, the cost breakdown of 
construction or development is provided by the builder or developer. Although the Company’s underwriting criteria are 
designed to evaluate and minimize the risks of each construction or land development loan, there can be no guarantee that 
these practices will have safeguarded against material delinquencies and losses to the Company’s operations. In addition, 
construction and land development loans are dependent on the successful completion of the projects they finance. Loans 
secured by vacant or unimproved land are generally riskier than loans secured by improved property. These loans are more 
susceptible to adverse conditions in the real estate market and local economy.

The Company’s results of operations are significantly affected by the ability of borrowers to repay their loans.

A significant source of risk for the Company is the possibility that losses will be sustained because borrowers, 
guarantors and related parties may fail to perform in accordance with the terms of their loan agreements. Most of the 
Company’s loans are secured but some loans are unsecured. With respect to the secured loans, the collateral securing the 
repayment of these loans may be insufficient to cover the obligations owed under such loans. Collateral values may be 
adversely affected by changes in economic, environmental and other conditions, including the impacts of the COVID-19 
pandemic, declines in the value of real estate, changes in interest rates, changes in monetary and fiscal policies of the federal 
government, terrorist activity, environmental contamination and other external events. In addition, collateral appraisals that 
are out of date or that do not meet industry recognized standards may create the impression that a loan is adequately 
collateralized when it is not. The Company has adopted underwriting and credit monitoring procedures and policies, 
including regular reviews of appraisals and borrower financial statements, that management believes are appropriate to 
mitigate the risk of loss. An increase in non-performing loans could result in a net loss of earnings from these loans, an 
increase in the provision for loan losses and an increase in loan charge-offs, all of which could have a material adverse effect 
on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

Changes in economic conditions, especially in the areas in which the Company conducts operations, could materially and 
negatively affect its business.

The Company’s business is directly impacted by economic conditions, legislative and regulatory changes, changes in 

government monetary and fiscal policies, and inflation, all of which are beyond its control. A deterioration in economic 
conditions, whether caused by global, national or local concerns (including the COVID-19 pandemic), especially within the 
Company’s market area, could result in the following potentially material consequences: loan delinquencies increasing; 
problem assets and foreclosures increasing; demand for products and services decreasing; low cost or non-interest bearing 
deposits decreasing; and collateral for loans, especially real estate, declining in value, in turn reducing customers’ borrowing 
power, and reducing the value of assets and collateral associated with existing loans. A continued economic downturn could 
result in losses that materially and adversely affect the Company’s business.

The Company may be adversely impacted by changes in market conditions.

The Company is directly and indirectly affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk generally represents the 

risk that values of assets and liabilities or revenues will be adversely affected by changes in market conditions. As a financial 
institution, market risk is inherent in the financial instruments associated with the Company’s operations and activities, 
including loans, deposits, securities, short-term borrowings, long-term debt and trading account assets and liabilities. A few 
of the market conditions that may shift from time to time, thereby exposing the Company to market risk, include fluctuations 
in interest rates, equity and futures prices, and price deterioration or changes in value due to changes in market perception or 
actual credit quality of issuers. The Company’s investment securities portfolio, in particular, may be impacted by market 
conditions beyond its control, including rating agency downgrades of the securities, defaults of the issuers of the securities, 
lack of market pricing of the securities, and inactivity or instability in the credit markets. Any changes in these conditions, in 
current accounting principles or interpretations of these principles could impact the Company’s assessment of fair value and 
thus the determination of other-than-temporary impairment of the securities in the investment securities portfolio, which 
could adversely affect the Company’s earnings and capital ratios.

The Company’s business is subject to interest rate risk, and variations in interest rates and inadequate management of 
interest rate risk may negatively affect financial performance.

Changes in the interest rate environment may reduce the Company’s profits.  It is expected that the Company will 
continue to realize income from the differential or “spread” between the interest earned on loans, securities, and other interest 
earning assets, and interest paid on deposits, borrowings and other interest-bearing liabilities.  Net interest spreads are 
affected by the difference between the maturities and repricing characteristics of interest earning assets and interest-bearing 
15

liabilities.  In addition, loan volume and yields are affected by market interest rates on loans, and the current interest rate 
environment encourages extreme competition for new loan originations from qualified borrowers.  The Company’s 
management cannot ensure that it can minimize interest rate risk.  If the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings 
increase at a faster rate than the interest rates received on loans and other investments, the Company’s net interest income, 
and therefore earnings, could be adversely affected. Earnings could also be adversely affected if the interest rates received on 
loans and other investments fall more quickly than the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings. Accordingly, 
changes in levels of market interest rates could materially and adversely affect the net interest spread, asset quality, loan 
origination volume and the Company’s overall profitability.

Following the COVID-19 outbreak, market interest rates have declined significantly, with the 10-year U.S. Treasury 

bond falling below 1.00% on March 3, 2020 for the first time. Such events also may adversely affect business and consumer 
confidence, generally, and the Company and its customers, and their respective suppliers, vendors and processors may be 
adversely affected. On March 3, 2020, the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) reduced the target federal funds rate 
by 50 basis points to 1.00% to 1.25%. Subsequently, on March 16, 2020, the FOMC further reduced the target federal funds 
rate by an additional 100 basis points to 0.00% to 0.25%. These reductions in interest rates and related actions in response to 
the COVID-19 outbreak may adversely affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

The Company’s mortgage banking revenue is cyclical and is sensitive to the level of interest rates, changes in economic 
conditions, decreased economic activity, and slowdowns in the housing market, any of which could adversely impact the 
Company’s profits.

Mortgage banking income, net of commissions, represented approximately 50.1% of total noninterest income for the 
year ended December 31, 2019. The success of the Company’s mortgage division is dependent upon its ability to originate 
loans and sell them to investors at or near current volumes. Loan production levels are sensitive to changes in the level of 
interest rates and changes in economic conditions. During the recovery from the financial crisis, revenues from mortgage 
banking increased due to a lowering interest rate environment that resulted in a high volume of mortgage loan refinancing 
activity. Subsequently, revenues were adversely affected by rising interest rates, home affordability and inventory issues, and 
changing incentives for homeownership.  Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, mortgage rates have generally 
fallen, creating the potential for renewed refinancing activity, but economic conditions have also deteriorated.  Loan 
production levels may suffer if there is a sustained slowdown in the housing markets in which the Company conducts 
business or tightening credit conditions. Any sustained period of decreased activity caused by an economic downturn, fewer 
refinancing transactions, higher interest rates, housing price pressure or loan underwriting restrictions would adversely affect 
the Company’s mortgage originations and, consequently, could significantly reduce its income from mortgage banking 
activities. As a result, these conditions would also adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.

The Company’s liquidity needs could adversely affect results of operations and financial condition.

The Company’s primary sources of funds are deposits and loan repayments. While scheduled loan repayments are a 
relatively stable source of funds, they are subject to the ability of borrowers to repay the loans. The ability of borrowers to 
repay loans can be adversely affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in economic conditions, 
adverse trends or events affecting business industry groups, reductions in real estate values or markets, availability of, and/or 
access to, sources of refinancing, business closings or lay-offs, pandemics or endemics, inclement weather, natural disasters 
and international instability. Additionally, deposit levels may be affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited 
to, rates paid by competitors, general interest rate levels, regulatory capital requirements, returns available to customers on 
alternative investments and general economic conditions. Accordingly, the Company may be required from time to time to 
rely on secondary sources of liquidity to meet withdrawal demands or otherwise fund operations. Such sources include 
Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”) advances, sales of securities and loans, federal funds lines of credit from 
correspondent banks and borrowings from the Federal Reserve Discount Window, as well as additional out-of-market time 
deposits and brokered deposits. While the Company believes that these sources are currently adequate, there can be no 
assurance they will be sufficient to meet future liquidity demands, particularly if the Company continues to grow and 
experiences increasing loan demand. The Company may be required to slow or discontinue loan growth, capital expenditures 
or other investments or liquidate assets should such sources not be adequate.

The Company may need to raise additional capital in the future and may not be able to do so on acceptable terms, or at 
all.

Access to sufficient capital is critical in order to enable the Company to implement its business plan, support its 
business, expand its operations and meet applicable capital requirements. The inability to have sufficient capital, whether 
internally generated through earnings or raised in the capital markets, could adversely impact the Company’s ability to 
support and to grow its operations. If the Company grows its operations faster than it generates capital internally, it will need 
16

to access the capital markets. The Company may not be able to raise additional capital in the form of additional debt or equity 
on acceptable terms, or at all. The Company’s ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend on, among other 
things, conditions in the capital markets at that time, the Company’s financial condition and its results of operations. 
Economic conditions and a loss of confidence in financial institutions may increase the Company’s cost of capital and limit 
access to some sources of capital. Further, if the Company needs to raise capital in the future, it may have to do so when 
many other financial institutions are also seeking to raise capital and would then have to compete with those institutions for 
investors. An inability to raise additional capital on acceptable terms when needed could have a material adverse impact on 
the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Future issuances of the Company’s common stock could adversely affect the market price of the common stock and could 
be dilutive.

The Company’s Board, without the approval of shareholders, could from time to time decide to issue additional shares 

of common stock or shares of preferred stock, which may adversely affect the market price of the shares of common stock 
and could be dilutive to the Company’s shareholders. Any sale of additional shares of the Company’s common stock may be 
at prices lower than the current market value of the Company’s shares. In addition, new investors may have rights, 
preferences and privileges that are senior to, and that could adversely affect, the Company’s existing shareholders. For 
example, preferred stock would be senior to common stock in right of dividends and as to distributions in liquidation. The 
Company cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing, or nature of its future offerings of equity securities. Thus, the 
Company’s shareholders bear the risk of future offerings diluting their stock holdings, adversely affecting their rights as 
shareholders, and/or reducing the market price of the Company’s common stock.

The Company operates in a highly regulated industry and the laws and regulations that govern the Company’s operations, 
corporate governance, executive compensation and financial accounting, or reporting, including changes in them or the 
Company’s failure to comply with them, may adversely affect the Company.

The Company is subject to extensive regulation and supervision that govern almost all aspects of its operations. These 
laws and regulations, among other matters, prescribe minimum capital requirements, impose limitations on the Company’s 
business activities, limit the dividends or distributions that it can pay, restrict the ability of institutions to guarantee its debt 
and impose certain specific accounting requirements that may be more restrictive and may result in greater or earlier charges 
to earnings or reductions in its capital than GAAP. Compliance with laws and regulations can be difficult and costly, and 
changes to laws and regulations often impose additional compliance costs.

The Company is currently facing increased regulation and supervision of its industry as a result of the financial crisis in 

the banking and financial markets. The Dodd-Frank Act instituted major changes to the banking and financial institutions 
regulatory regimes. Other changes to statutes, regulations or regulatory policies or supervisory guidance, including changes 
in interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations, policies or supervisory guidance, could affect the Company in 
substantial and unpredictable ways. Such additional regulation and supervision has increased, and may continue to increase, 
the Company’s costs and limit its ability to pursue business opportunities. Further, the Company’s failure to comply with 
these laws and regulations, even if the failure was inadvertent or reflects a difference in interpretation, could subject it to 
restrictions on its business activities, fines and other penalties, any of which could adversely affect the Company’s results of 
operations, capital base and the price of its securities. Further, any new laws, rules and regulations could make compliance 
more difficult or expensive or otherwise adversely affect the Company’s business and financial condition.

Recently enacted capital standards, including the Basel III Capital Rules, may require the Company and the Bank to 
maintain higher levels of capital and liquid assets, which could adversely affect the Company’s profitability and return on 
equity.

The Company is subject to capital adequacy guidelines and other regulatory requirements specifying minimum amounts 
and types of capital that the Company and the Bank must maintain. From time to time, regulators implement changes to these 
regulatory capital adequacy guidelines. If the Company fails to meet these minimum capital guidelines and/or other 
regulatory requirements, its financial condition would be materially and adversely affected. The Basel III Capital Rules 
require bank holding companies and their subsidiaries to maintain significantly more capital as a result of higher required 
capital levels and more demanding regulatory capital risk weightings and calculations. While the Company is exempt from 
these capital requirements under the Federal Reserve’s SBHC Policy Statement, the Bank is not exempt and must comply. 
The Bank must also comply with the capital requirements set forth in the “prompt corrective action” regulations pursuant to 
Section 38 of the FDI Act. Satisfying capital requirements may require the Company to limit its banking operations, retain 
net income or reduce dividends to improve regulatory capital levels, which could negatively affect its business, financial 
condition and results of operations. The EGRRCPA, which became effective May 24, 2018, amended the Dodd-Frank Act to, 
among other things, provide relief from certain of these requirements. Although the EGRRCPA is still being implemented, 

17

the Company does not expect the EGRRCPA and the related rulemakings to materially reduce the impact of capital 
requirements on its business.
Regulations issued by the CFPB could adversely impact earnings due to, among other things, increased compliance costs 
or costs due to noncompliance.

The CFPB has broad rulemaking authority to administer and carry out the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act with 

respect to financial institutions that offer covered financial products and services to consumers. The CFPB has also been 
directed to write rules identifying practices or acts that are unfair, deceptive or abusive in connection with any transaction 
with a consumer for a consumer financial product or service, or the offering of a consumer financial product or service. For 
example, the CFPB issued a final rule, effective January 10, 2014, requiring mortgage lenders to make a reasonable and good 
faith determination based on verified and documented information that a consumer applying for a mortgage loan has a 
reasonable ability to repay the loan according to its terms, or to originate “qualified mortgages” that meet specific 
requirements with respect to terms, pricing and fees. The rule also contains additional disclosure requirements at mortgage 
loan origination and in monthly statements. The requirements under the CFPB’s regulations and policies could limit the 
Company’s ability to make certain types of loans or loans to certain borrowers, or could make it more expensive and/or time 
consuming to make these loans, which could adversely impact the Company’s profitability.

The Company is subject to laws regarding the privacy, information security and protection of personal information and 
any violation of these laws or another incident involving personal, confidential or proprietary information of individuals 
could damage the Company’s reputation and otherwise adversely affect its business.

The Company’s business requires the collection and retention of large volumes of customer data, including personally 
identifiable information (“PII”) in various information systems that the Company maintains and in those maintained by third 
party service providers. The Company also maintains important internal company data such as PII about its employees and 
information relating to its operations. The Company is subject to complex and evolving laws and regulations governing the 
privacy and protection of PII of individuals (including customers, employees and other third-parties). For example, the 
Company’s business is subject to the GLB Act, which, among other things: (i) imposes certain limitations on the Company’s 
ability to share nonpublic PII about its customers with nonaffiliated third parties; (ii) requires that the Company provides 
certain disclosures to customers about its information collection, sharing and security practices and afford customers the right 
to “opt out” of any information sharing by it with nonaffiliated third parties (with certain exceptions); and (iii) requires that 
the Company develops, implements and maintains a written comprehensive information security program containing 
appropriate safeguards based on the Company’s size and complexity, the nature and scope of its activities, and the sensitivity 
of customer information it processes, as well as plans for responding to data security breaches. Various federal and state 
banking regulators and states have also enacted data breach notification requirements with varying levels of individual, 
consumer, regulatory or law enforcement notification in the event of a security breach. Ensuring that the Company’s 
collection, use, transfer and storage of PII complies with all applicable laws and regulations can increase the Company’s 
costs. Furthermore, the Company may not be able to ensure that customers and other third parties have appropriate controls 
in place to protect the confidentiality of the information that they exchange with us, particularly where such information is 
transmitted by electronic means. If personal, confidential or proprietary information of customers or others were to be 
mishandled or misused, the Company could be exposed to litigation or regulatory sanctions under privacy and data protection 
laws and regulations. Concerns regarding the effectiveness of the Company’s measures to safeguard PII, or even the 
perception that such measures are inadequate, could cause the Company to lose customers or potential customers and thereby 
reduce its revenues. Accordingly, any failure, or perceived failure, to comply with applicable privacy or data protection laws 
and regulations may subject the Company to inquiries, examinations and investigations that could result in requirements to 
modify or cease certain operations or practices or in significant liabilities, fines or penalties, and could damage the 
Company’s reputation and otherwise adversely affect its operations, financial condition and results of operations.

The obligations associated with operating as a public company will require significant resources and management 
attention and will cause the Company to incur additional expenses, which will adversely affect its profitability.

The Company became a public company in connection with its acquisition of VCB in December 2019. The 
Company’s non-interest expenses will increase in 2020 and thereafter as a result of the additional accounting, legal and 
various other additional expenses usually associated with operating as a public company and complying with public company 
disclosure obligations. As a privately held company, the Company was not required to comply with certain corporate 
governance and financial reporting practices and policies required of a publicly traded company. Going forward, the 
Company will be required to comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the 
“Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), the Dodd-Frank Act, NYSE American listing requirements and other applicable securities rules and 
regulations. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that the Company files annual, quarterly, and current reports 
with respect to its business and operating results with the SEC. The Company is required to ensure that it has the ability to 
prepare financial statements that are fully compliant with all SEC reporting requirements on a timely basis. Compliance with 
18

these rules and regulations will increase the Company’s legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more 
difficult, time-consuming or costly and increase demand on the Company’s systems and resources. The Company might not 
be successful in complying with these obligations and the significant commitment of resources required for complying with 
them could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

The Company’s business and earnings are impacted by governmental, fiscal and monetary policy over which it has no 
control.

The Company is affected by domestic monetary policy. The Federal Reserve regulates the supply of money and credit 

in the United States and its policies determine in large part the Company’s cost of funds for lending, investing and capital 
raising activities and the return it earns on those loans and investments, both of which affect the Company’s net interest 
margin. The actions of the Federal Reserve also can materially affect the value of financial instruments that the Company 
holds, such as loans and debt securities, and also can affect the Company’s borrowers, potentially increasing the risk that they 
may fail to repay their loans. The Company’s business and earnings also are affected by the fiscal or other policies that are 
adopted by various regulatory authorities of the United States. Changes in fiscal or monetary policy are beyond the 
Company’s control and hard to predict.

Changes in accounting standards could impact reported earnings.

The authorities that promulgate accounting standards, including the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), 

the SEC and other regulatory authorities, periodically change the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the 
preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. These changes are difficult to predict and can materially 
impact how the Company records and reports its financial condition and results of operations. In some cases, the Company 
could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in the restatement of financial statements for 
prior periods. Such changes could also require the Company to incur additional personnel or technology costs. For 
information regarding recent accounting pronouncements and their effects on the Company, see “Recent Accounting 
Pronouncements” in Note 2 of the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Failure to maintain effective systems of internal and disclosure control could have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s results of operation and financial condition.

Effective internal and disclosure controls are necessary for the Company to provide reliable financial reports and 

effectively prevent fraud and to operate successfully as a public company. The Bank is already required to establish and 
maintain an adequate internal control structure over financial reporting pursuant to FDIC regulations. As a public company, 
the Company will be required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to design and maintain a system of internal control over financial 
reporting and, beginning with its second annual report on Form 10-K, include management’s assessment regarding internal 
control over financial reporting. If the Company cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, its reputation and 
operating results would be harmed. As part of the Company’s ongoing monitoring of internal control, it may discover 
material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in its internal control that require remediation. A “material weakness” is a 
deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable 
possibility that a material misstatement of a company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or 
detected on a timely basis.

The Company’s inability to maintain the operating effectiveness of the controls described above could result in a 
material misstatement to the Company’s financial statements or other disclosures, which could have an adverse effect on its 
business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, any failure to maintain effective controls in accordance with 
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and FDIC regulations or to timely effect any necessary improvement of the 
Company’s internal and disclosure controls could, among other things, result in losses from fraud or error, harm the 
Company’s reputation or cause investors to lose confidence in its reported financial information, all of which could have a 
material adverse effect on its results of operation and financial condition.

The Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company,” and the reduced reporting requirements applicable to 
emerging growth companies may make its common stock less attractive to investors.

The Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the federal securities laws. For as long as it 

continues to be an emerging growth company, the Company may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting 
requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being 
required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure 
obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the 
requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden 

19

parachute payments not previously approved. In addition, as an emerging growth company the Company has elected to take 
advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards 
would otherwise apply to a company that is not an issuer (as defined under Section 2(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if such 
standards apply to companies that are not issuers. This may make the Company’s financial statements not comparable with 
other public companies that are not emerging growth companies or that are emerging growth companies that have opted out 
of the extended transition period because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. The Company could be an 
emerging growth company for up to five years, although it could lose that status sooner if its gross revenues exceed 
$1.07 billion, if it issues more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt in a three-year period, or if the market value of its 
common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of any June 30 before that time, in which case the Company 
would no longer be an emerging growth company as of the following December 31. The Company cannot predict if investors 
will find its common stock less attractive because it may rely on these exemptions, or if it chooses to rely on additional 
exemptions in the future. If some investors find the Company’s common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less 
active trading market for its common stock and its stock price may be more volatile.

The Company also qualifies as a “smaller reporting company,” and the reduced disclosure obligations applicable to 
smaller reporting companies may makes its common stock less attractive to investors.

The Company also is a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in federal securities laws, and will remain a smaller 
reporting company until the fiscal year following the determination that its voting and non-voting common shares held by 
non-affiliates is more than $250 million measured on the last business day of its second fiscal quarter, or its annual revenues 
are less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and its voting and non-voting common shares held 
by non-affiliates is more than $700 million measured on the last business day of its second fiscal quarter. Similar to emerging 
growth companies, smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations, such as an exemption from providing 
selected financial data and an ability to provide simplified executive compensation information and only two years of audited 
financial statements. If the Company is a smaller reporting company at the time it ceases to be an emerging growth company, 
it may continue to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. 
If some investors find the Company’s common stock less attractive because it may rely on these reduced disclosure 
obligations, there may be a less active trading market for its common stock and its stock price may be more volatile.

The Company faces strong and growing competition from financial services companies and other companies that offer 
banking and other financial services, which could negatively affect the Company’s business.

The Company encounters substantial competition from other financial institutions in its market area and competition is 
increasing. Ultimately, the Company may not be able to compete successfully against current and future competitors. Many 
competitors offer the same banking services that the Company offers in its service area. These competitors include national, 
regional and community banks. The Company also faces competition from many other types of financial institutions, 
including finance companies, mutual and money market fund providers, brokerage firms, insurance companies, credit unions, 
financial subsidiaries of certain industrial corporations, financial technology companies and mortgage companies. Increased 
competition may result in reduced business for the Company.

Additionally, banks and other financial institutions with larger capitalization and financial intermediaries not subject to 

bank regulatory restrictions have larger lending limits and are thereby able to serve the credit needs of larger customers. 
Areas of competition include interest rates for loans and deposits, efforts to obtain loans and deposits, and range and quality 
of products and services provided, including new technology-driven products and services. If the Company is unable to 
attract and retain banking customers, it may be unable to continue to grow loan and deposit portfolios and its results of 
operations and financial condition may otherwise be adversely affected.

Combining the Company and VCB may be more difficult, costly or time-consuming than expected.

The success of the Company’s acquisition of VCB will depend, in part, on the Company’s ability to realize the 
anticipated benefits and cost savings from combining the businesses of the Company and VCB. To realize such anticipated 
benefits and cost savings, the Company must successfully combine the businesses of the Company and VCB in a manner that 
permits growth opportunities and cost savings to be realized without materially disrupting existing customer relationships or 
decreasing revenues due to loss of customers. If the Company is not able to achieve these objectives, the anticipated benefits 
and cost savings of the merger may not be realized fully, or at all, or may take longer to realize than expected.

Until the completion of the merger in December 2019, the Company and VCB operated independently. To realize 

anticipated benefits from the merger, the Company will continue to integrate VCB’s business into its own. The integration 
process could result in the loss of key employees, the disruption of the Company’s ongoing business, or inconsistencies in 
standards, controls, procedures and policies that affect adversely the Company’s ability to maintain relationships with 

20

customers and employees or achieve the anticipated benefits of the merger. The loss of key employees could adversely affect 
the Company’s ability to conduct business in the markets it entered in connection with its acquisition of VCB, which could 
have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial results and the value of its common stock. If the Company experiences 
difficulties with the integration process, the anticipated benefits of the merger may not be realized, fully or at all, or may take 
longer to realize than expected, which could have a material adverse effect on its results of operation and financial condition.

The Company may not be able to effectively integrate the operations of the Bank and Virginia Community Bank.

The future operating performance of the Bank will depend, in part, on the success of the merger of the Bank and 
Virginia Community Bank. The success of the bank merger depends on a number of factors, including the Company’s ability 
to (i) integrate operations and branches, (ii) retain deposits and customers, (iii) control the incremental increase in noninterest 
expense arising from the merger, and (iv) retain and integrate appropriate personnel and reduce overlapping personnel. The 
continued integration of the Bank and Virginia Community Bank will require the dedication of the time and resources of the 
Company’s management team and may temporarily distract the management team’s attention from the day-to-day business 
of the Company and the Bank. If the Bank and Virginia Community Bank are unable to successfully integrate, the Bank may 
not be able to realize expected operating efficiencies and eliminate redundant costs.

The Company may not be able to successfully manage its long-term growth, which may adversely affect its results of 
operations and financial condition.

A key aspect of the Company’s long-term business strategy is its continued growth and expansion. The Company’s 
ability to continue to grow depends, in part, upon its ability to (i) open new branch offices or acquire existing branches or 
other financial institutions, (ii) attract deposits to those locations, and (iii) identify attractive loan and investment 
opportunities.

The Company may not be able to successfully implement its growth strategy if it is unable to identify attractive 
markets, locations or opportunities to expand in the future, or if the Company is subject to regulatory restrictions on growth 
or expansion of its operations. The Company’s ability to manage its growth successfully also will depend on whether it can 
maintain capital levels adequate to support its growth, maintain cost controls and asset quality and successfully integrate any 
businesses the Company acquires into its organization. As the Company identifies opportunities to implement its growth 
strategy by opening new branches or acquiring branches or other banks, it may incur increased personnel, occupancy and 
other operating expenses. In the case of new branches, the Company must absorb those higher expenses while it begins to 
generate new deposits, and there is a further time lag involved in redeploying new deposits into attractively priced loans and 
other higher yielding assets.

The Company may consider acquiring other businesses or expanding into new product lines that it believes will help it 

fulfill its strategic objectives. The Company expects that other banking and financial companies, some of which have 
significantly greater resources, will compete with it to acquire financial services businesses. This competition could increase 
prices for potential acquisitions that the Company believes are attractive. Acquisitions may also be subject to various 
regulatory approvals. If the Company fails to receive the appropriate regulatory approvals, it will not be able to consummate 
acquisitions that it believes are in its best interests.

When the Company enters into new markets or new lines of business, its lack of history and familiarity with those 

markets, clients and lines of business may lead to unexpected challenges or difficulties that inhibit its success. The 
Company’s plans to expand could depress earnings in the short run, even if it efficiently executes a growth strategy leading to 
long-term financial benefits.

The Company depends on the accuracy and completeness of information about clients and counterparties and the 
Company’s financial condition could be adversely affected if it relies on misleading or incorrect information.

In deciding whether to extend credit or to enter into other transactions with clients and counterparties, the Company 
may rely on information furnished to it by or on behalf of clients and counterparties, including financial statements and other 
financial information, which it does not independently verify. The Company also may rely on representations of clients and 
counterparties as to the accuracy and completeness of that information and, with respect to financial statements, on reports of 
independent auditors. For example, in deciding whether to extend credit to clients, the Company may assume that a client’s 
audited financial statements conform with GAAP and present fairly, in all material respects, the financial condition, results of 
operations and cash flows of that client. The Company’s financial condition and results of operations could be negatively 
impacted to the extent it relies on financial statements that do not comply with GAAP or are materially misleading.

21

The Company’s success depends on its management team, and the unexpected loss of any of these personnel could 
adversely affect operations.

The Company’s success is, and is expected to remain, highly dependent on its management team. This is particularly 
true because, as a community bank, the Company depends on the management team’s ties to the community and customer 
relationships to generate business. The Company’s growth will continue to place significant demands on management, and 
the loss of any such person’s services may have an adverse effect upon growth and profitability. If the Company fails to 
retain or continue to recruit qualified employees, growth and profitability could be adversely affected.

The success of the Company’s strategy depends on its ability to identify and retain individuals with experience and 
relationships in its markets.

In order to be successful, the Company must identify and retain experienced key management members and sales staff 

with local expertise and relationships. Competition for qualified personnel is intense and there is a limited number of 
qualified persons with knowledge of and experience in the community banking and mortgage industry in the Company’s 
chosen geographic market. Even if the Company identifies individuals that it believes could assist it in building its franchise, 
it may be unable to recruit these individuals away from their current employers. In addition, the process of identifying and 
recruiting individuals with the combination of skills and attributes required to carry out the Company’s strategy is often 
lengthy. The Company’s inability to identify, recruit and retain talented personnel could limit its growth and could materially 
adversely affect its business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company relies on other companies to provide key components of its business infrastructure.

Third parties provide key components of the Company’s business operations such as data processing, recording and 

monitoring transactions, online banking interfaces and services, internet connections and network access. While the 
Company has selected these third-party vendors carefully, it does not control their actions. Any problem caused by these third 
parties, including poor performance of services, failure to provide services, disruptions in communication services provided 
by a vendor and failure to handle current or higher volumes, could adversely affect the Company’s ability to deliver products 
and services to its customers and otherwise conduct its business, and may harm its reputation. Financial or operational 
difficulties of a third-party vendor could also hurt the Company’s operations if those difficulties interface with the vendor’s 
ability to serve the Company. Replacing these third-party vendors could also create significant delay and expense. 
Accordingly, use of such third-parties creates an unavoidable inherent risk to the Company’s business operations.

The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect the Company.

The Company’s ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and 
commercial soundness of other financial institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, 
clearing, counterparty or other relationships. The Company has exposure to many different industries and counterparties, and 
routinely executes transactions with counterparties in the financial industry. As a result, defaults by, or even rumors or 
questions about, one or more financial services institutions, or the financial services industry generally, have led to market-
wide liquidity problems and could lead to losses or defaults by the Company or by other institutions. Many of these 
transactions expose the Company to credit risk in the event of default of its counterparty or client. In addition, credit risk may 
be exacerbated when the collateral held cannot be realized upon or is liquidated at prices insufficient to recover the full 
amount of the financial instrument exposure due. There is no assurance that any such losses would not materially and 
adversely affect results of operations.

The Company is subject to a variety of operational risks, including reputational risk, legal and compliance risk, and the 
risk of fraud or theft by employees or outsiders.

The Company is exposed to many types of operational risks, including reputational risk, legal and compliance risk, the 

risk of fraud or theft by employees or outsiders, unauthorized transactions by employees, operational errors, clerical or 
record-keeping errors, and errors resulting from faulty or disabled computer or communications systems.

Reputational risk, or the risk to the Company’s earnings and capital from negative public opinion, could result from the 
Company’s actual or alleged conduct in any number of activities, including lending practices, corporate governance, and 
from actions taken by government regulators and community organizations in response to those activities. Negative public 
opinion can adversely affect the Company’s ability to attract and keep customers and employees and can expose it to 
litigation and regulatory action.

22

Further, if any of the Company’s financial, accounting, or other data processing systems fail or have other significant 
issues, the Company could be adversely affected. The Company depends on internal systems and outsourced technology to 
support these data storage and processing operations. The Company’s inability to use or access these information systems at 
critical points in time could unfavorably impact the timeliness and efficiency of the Company’s business operations. It could 
be adversely affected if one of its employees causes a significant operational break-down or failure, either as a result of 
human error or where an individual purposefully sabotages or fraudulently manipulates its operations or systems. The 
Company is also at risk of the impact of natural disasters, terrorism and international hostilities on its systems and from the 
effects of outages or other failures involving power or communications systems operated by others. The Company may also 
be subject to disruptions of its operating systems arising from events that are wholly or partially beyond its control (for 
example, computer viruses or electrical or communications outages), which may give rise to disruption of service to 
customers and to financial loss or liability. In addition, there have been instances where financial institutions have been 
victims of fraudulent activity in which criminals pose as customers to initiate wire and automated clearinghouse transactions 
out of customer accounts. Although the Company has policies and procedures in place to verify the authenticity of its 
customers, it cannot guarantee that such policies and procedures will prevent all fraudulent transfers. Such activity can result 
in financial liability and harm to the Company’s reputation. If any of the foregoing risks materialize, it could have a material 
adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Pending litigation could result in a judgment against the Company resulting in the payment of damages.

On August 12, 2019, a former employee of VCB and participant in its Employee Stock Ownership Plan (the “ESOP”) 
filed a class action complaint against VCB, Virginia Community Bank, and certain individuals associated with the ESOP in 
the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Virginia, Charlottesville Division (Case No. 3:19-cv-00045-GEC). The 
complaint alleges, among other things, that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties to ESOP participants in violation of 
the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended. The complaint alleges that the ESOP incurred damages 
“that approach or exceed $12 million.” The Company automatically assumed any liability of VCB in connection with this 
litigation as a result of the Company’s acquisition of VCB.  The outcome of this litigation is uncertain, and the plaintiff and 
other individuals may file additional lawsuits related to the ESOP.  The defense, settlement, or adverse outcome of any such 
lawsuit or claim could have a material adverse financial impact on the Company.

The Company may be required to transition from the use of the LIBOR index in the future.

The Company has certain variable-rate loans indexed to LIBOR to calculate the loan interest rate. The United Kingdom 
Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, has announced that the continued availability of LIBOR on the current 
basis is not guaranteed after 2021. It is impossible to predict whether and to what extent banks will continue to provide 
LIBOR submissions to the administrator of LIBOR or whether any additional reforms to LIBOR may be enacted in the 
United Kingdom or elsewhere. At this time, no consensus exists as to what rate or rates may become acceptable alternatives 
to LIBOR, and it is impossible to predict the effect of any such alternatives on the value of LIBOR-based variable-rate loans, 
as well as LIBOR-based securities, subordinated notes, trust preferred securities, or other securities or financial arrangements. 
The implementation of a substitute index or indices for the calculation of interest rates under the Company’s loan agreements 
with borrowers, subordinated notes that it has issued, or other financial arrangements may cause the Company to incur 
significant expenses in effecting the transition, may result in reduced loan balances if borrowers do not accept the substitute 
index or indices, and may result in disputes or litigation with customers or other counter-parties over the appropriateness or 
comparability to LIBOR of the substitute index or indices, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s results of operations.

The Company’s operations may be adversely affected by cyber security risks.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company collects and stores sensitive data, including proprietary business 
information and personally identifiable information of its customers and employees in systems and on networks. The secure 
processing, maintenance, and use of this information is critical to operations and the Company’s business strategy. The 
Company has invested in accepted technologies, and continually reviews processes and practices that are designed to protect 
its networks, computers, and data from damage or unauthorized access. Despite these security measures, the Company’s 
computer systems and infrastructure may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breached due to employee error, malfeasance 
or other disruptions. A breach of any kind could compromise systems and the information stored there could be accessed, 
damaged or disclosed. A breach in security could result in legal claims, regulatory penalties, disruption in operations, and 
damage to the Company’s reputation, which could adversely affect its business and financial condition. Furthermore, as 
cyber threats continue to evolve and increase, the Company may be required to expend significant additional financial and 
operational resources to modify or enhance its protective measures, or to investigate and remediate any identified information 
security vulnerabilities.

23

In addition, multiple major U.S. retailers have experienced data systems incursions reportedly resulting in the thefts of 

credit and debit card information, online account information and other financial or privileged data. Retailer incursions affect 
cards issued and deposit accounts maintained by many banks, including the Bank. Although the Company’s systems are not 
breached in retailer incursions, these events can cause it to reissue a significant number of cards and take other costly steps to 
avoid significant theft loss to the Company and its customers. In some cases, the Company may be required to reimburse 
customers for the losses they incur. Other possible points of intrusion or disruption not within the Company’s control include 
internet service providers, electronic mail portal providers, social media portals, distant-server (cloud) service providers, 
electronic data security providers, telecommunications companies, and smart phone manufacturers.

Consumers may increasingly decide not to use banks to complete their financial transactions, which would have a 
material adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition and operations.

Technology and other changes are allowing parties to complete financial transactions through alternative methods that 
historically have involved banks. For example, consumers can now maintain funds that would have historically been held as 
bank deposits in brokerage accounts, mutual funds or general-purpose reloadable prepaid cards. Consumers can also 
complete transactions such as paying bills or transferring funds directly without the assistance of banks. The process of 
eliminating banks as intermediaries, known as “disintermediation,” could result in the loss of fee income, as well as the loss 
of customer deposits and the related income generated from those deposits. The loss of these revenue streams and the lower 
cost of deposits as a source of funds could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of 
operations.

The Company’s ability to operate profitably may be dependent on its ability to integrate or introduce various technologies 
into its operations.

The market for financial services, including banking and consumer finance services, is increasingly affected by 
advances in technology, including developments in telecommunications, data processing, computers, automation, online 
banking and tele-banking. The Company’s ability to compete successfully in its market may depend on the extent to which it 
is able to implement or exploit such technological changes. If the Company is not able to afford such technologies, properly 
or timely anticipate or implement such technologies, or effectively train its staff to use such technologies, its business, 
financial condition or operating results could be adversely affected.

The Company relies upon independent appraisals to determine the value of the real estate that secures a significant 
portion of its loans and the value of foreclosed properties carried on its books, and the values indicated by such appraisals 
may not be realizable if it is forced to foreclose upon such loans or liquidate such foreclosed property.

As indicated above, a significant portion of the Company’s loan portfolio consists of loans secured by real estate and it 
also holds a portfolio of foreclosed properties. The Company relies upon independent appraisers to estimate the value of such 
real estate. Appraisals are only estimates of value and the independent appraisers may make mistakes of fact or judgment that 
adversely affect the reliability of their appraisals. In addition, events occurring after the initial appraisal may cause the value 
of the real estate to increase or decrease. As a result of any of these factors, the real estate securing some of the Company’s 
loans and the foreclosed properties held by the Company may be more or less valuable than anticipated. If a default occurs on 
a loan secured by real estate that is less valuable than originally estimated, the Company may not be able to recover the 
outstanding balance of the loan. It may also be unable to sell its foreclosed properties for the values estimated by their 
appraisals.

The Company is exposed to risk of environmental liabilities with respect to properties to which it takes title.

In the course of its business, the Company may foreclose and take title to real estate, potentially becoming subject to 

environmental liabilities associated with the properties. The Company may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third 
parties for property damage, personal injury, investigation and clean-up costs or the Company may be required to investigate 
or clean up hazardous or toxic substances or chemical releases at a property. Costs associated with investigation or 
remediation activities can be substantial. If the Company is the owner or former owner of a contaminated site, it may be 
subject to common law claims by third parties based on damages and costs resulting from environmental contamination 
emanating from the property. These costs and claims could adversely affect the Company’s business.

The Company is not obligated to pay dividends and its ability to pay dividends is limited.

The Company’s ability to make dividend payments on its common stock depends primarily on certain regulatory 
considerations and the receipt of dividends and other distributions from the Bank. There are various regulatory restrictions on 
the ability of banks, such as the Bank, to pay dividends or make other payments to their holding companies. The Company is 
24

currently paying a quarterly cash dividend to holders of its common stock at a rate of $0.1425 per share. Although the 
Company has historically paid a cash dividend to the holders of its common stock, holders of its common stock are not 
entitled to receive dividends, and the Company is not obligated to pay dividends in any particular amounts or at any 
particular times. Regulatory, economic and other factors may cause the Company’s board to consider, among other things, 
the reduction of dividends paid on its common stock. See “Business – Supervision and Regulation – Dividends.”

The Company’s common stock is thinly traded, and a more liquid market for its common stock may not develop, which 
may limit the ability of shareholders to sell their shares and may increase price volatility.

The Company’s common stock is listed on the NYSE American market under the symbol “BRBS.” The Company’s 

common stock is thinly traded and has substantially less liquidity than the trading markets for many other bank holding 
companies. Although the Company recently listed its common stock on the NYSE American market, the Company may be 
unable to maintain the listing of its common stock in the future. In addition, there can be no assurance that an active trading 
market for shares of the Company’s common stock will develop or if one develops, that it can be sustained. The development 
of a liquid public market depends on the existence of willing buyers and sellers, the presence of which is not within the 
Company’s control. Therefore, the Company’s shareholders may not be able to sell their shares at the volume, prices, or 
times that they desire. Shareholders should be financially prepared and able to hold shares for an indefinite period.

In addition, thinly traded stocks can be more volatile than more widely traded stocks. The Company’s stock price has 

been volatile in the past and several factors could cause the price to fluctuate substantially in the future. These factors 
include, but are not limited to, changes in analysts’ recommendations or projections, developments related to the Company’s 
business and operations, stock performance of other companies deemed to be peers, news reports of trends, concerns, 
irrational exuberance on the part of investors, and other issues related to the financial services industry. The Company’s stock 
price may fluctuate significantly in the future, and these fluctuations may be unrelated to its performance. General market 
declines or market volatility in the future, especially in the financial institutions sector of the economy, could adversely affect 
the price of the Company’s common stock, and the current market price may not be indicative of future market prices.

The Company’s governing documents and Virginia law contain provisions that may discourage or delay an acquisition of 
the Company even if such acquisition or transaction is supported by shareholders.

Certain provisions of the Company’s articles of incorporation could delay or make a merger, tender offer or proxy 
contest involving the Company more difficult, even in instances where the shareholders deem the proposed transaction to be 
beneficial to their interests. One provision, among others, provides that a plan of merger, share exchange, sale of all or 
substantially all of the Company’s assets, or similar transaction must be approved and recommended by the affirmative vote 
of 80% of the outstanding capital stock of the Company entitled to vote on the transaction if the transaction is with a 
corporation, person or entity that is a beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of more than 5% of the shares of capital stock of 
the Company. In addition, certain provisions of state and federal law may also have the effect of discouraging or prohibiting a 
future takeover attempt in which the Company’s shareholders might otherwise receive a substantial premium for their shares 
over then-current market prices. To the extent that these provisions discourage or prevent takeover attempts, they may tend to 
reduce the market price for the Company’s common stock.

The rights of holders of the Company’s common stock are subordinate in some respects to the rights of holders of the 
Company’s debt securities.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $10 million of subordinated notes outstanding and may issue more debt 

securities or otherwise incur debt in the future. The rights of holders of the Company’s debt to receive payments are superior 
to the rights of the holders of the Company’s common stock to receive payments of dividends and payments upon a sale or 
liquidation of the Company. In addition, the agreements under which the subordinated notes were issued prohibit the 
Company from paying any dividends on its common stock or making any other distributions to its shareholders upon its 
failure to make any required payment of principal or interest or during the continuance of an event of default under the 
applicable agreement. Events of default generally consist of, among other things, certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or 
liquidation relating to the Company. If the Company were to fail to make a required payment of principal or interest on its 
subordinated notes, it could have a material adverse effect on the market value of the Company’s common stock.

An investment in the Company’s common stock is not an insured deposit.

The Company’s common stock is not a bank deposit and, therefore, it is not insured against loss by the FDIC or by any 
other public or private entity. An investment in the Company’s common stock is inherently risky for the reasons described in 
this “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in this report and is subject to the same market forces that affect the price of 
common stock in any company and, as a result, shareholders may lose some or all of their investment.

25

ITEM 1B: UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not required.

ITEM 2: PROPERTIES

The Company, through its subsidiaries, owns or leases buildings and office space that are used in the normal course of 
business. The headquarters of the Company is located at 1807 Seminole Trail, Charlottesville, Virginia, in a building leased 
by the Bank. The headquarters of the Bank is located at 1 East Market Street, Martinsville, Virginia 24112 in a building 
leased by the Bank.

Unless otherwise noted, the properties listed below are owned by the Company and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 

2019.

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

17 West Main Street, Luray, Virginia 22835
1 East Market Street, Martinsville, Virginia 24112 (leased)
1807 Seminole Trail, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 (leased)
563 Neff Avenue, Suite B, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22801 (leased)
9972 Spotswood Trail (Route 33), McGaheysville, Virginia 22840 (leased)
600 South Third Street, Shenandoah, Virginia 22849
4677 Main Street, Drakes Branch, Virginia 23937 (leased)
48 Animal Clinic Road, Stuart, Virginia (leased)
3202 Northline Avenue, Greensboro, North Carolina (leased)
408 East Main Street, Louisa, Virginia 23093
10645 Courthouse Road, Fredericksburg, Virginia 22407
701 South Main Street, Culpepper, Virginia 22701
169 North Madison Road, Orange, Virginia 22960
430 Mineral Avenue, Mineral, Virginia 23117
10050 Three Notch Road, Troy, Virginia 22974
104 South Main Street, Gordonsville, Virginia 22942 (leased)

The Company’s properties are maintained in good operating condition and the Company believes the properties are 

suitable and adequate for its operational needs.

ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary course of its operations, the Company is a party to various legal proceedings. As of the date of this 
report, there are no pending or threatened proceedings against the Company, other than as set forth below, that, if determined 
adversely, would have a material effect on the business, results of operations, or financial position of the Company.

On August 12, 2019, a former employee of VCB and participant in its ESOP filed a class action complaint against 
VCB, Virginia Community Bank, and certain individuals associated with the ESOP in the U.S. District Court for the Western 
District of Virginia, Charlottesville Division (Case No. 3:19-cv-00045-GEC). The complaint alleges, among other things, that 
the defendants breached their fiduciary duties to ESOP participants in violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security 
Act of 1974, as amended. The complaint alleges that the ESOP incurred damages “that approach or exceed $12 million.” The 
Company automatically assumed any liability of VCB in connection with this litigation as a result of the Company’s 
acquisition of VCB.  The Company believes the claims are without merit.

ITEM 4: MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

26

PART II

ITEM 5: MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND 

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company’s common stock is listed on the NYSE American market under the symbol “BRBS.”  There were 

5,660,985 shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding at the close of business on April 14, 2020, which were held by 
approximately 650 shareholders of record.

A discussion of certain restrictions and limitations on the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to the Company, and the 

ability of the Company to pay dividends to shareholders of its common stock, is set forth in Part I, Item 1, Business, of this 
Form 10-K under the heading “Supervision and Regulation.”  The Company paid four quarterly dividends of $0.1425 per 
share during 2019.

The dividend type, amount, and timing are established by the Company’s board of directors. In making its decisions 

regarding the payment of dividends on the Company’s common stock, the board of directors considers operating results, 
financial condition, capital adequacy, regulatory requirements, shareholder return, and other factors.

ITEM 6: SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Five Year Summary of Selected Financial Data

(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)
Income Statement Data:
Interest and Dividend Income
Interest Expense
Net Interest Income
Provision for Loan Losses
Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan Losses
Noninterest Income
Noninterest Expenses
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.
Per Common Share Data:
Net income-basic
Net income-diluted
Dividends declared
Book value per common share
Balance Sheet Data:
Assets
Loans held for investment
Loans held for sale
Securities
Deposits
Subordinated Debt, net 
Other borrowed funds
Stockholder's equity
Average common shares outstanding - basic
Average common shares outstanding - diluted
Financial Ratios:
Return on average assets
Return on average equity
Net interest margin
Efficiency ratio
Dividend payout ratio
Capital and Credit Quality Ratios:
Average Equity to Average Assets
Allowance for loan losses to loans held for investment
Nonperforming loans to total assets
Nonperforming assets to total assets
Net charge-offs to total loans held for investment

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

$    30,888  $    22,437  $    18,481  $    13,435  $    10,669 
     2,045 
     3,931 
     8,624 
   14,550 
        320 
     1,095 
     8,304 
   13,455 
     1,145 
     7,799 
     5,903 
   15,847 
     3,546 
     5,407 
     1,048 
     2,057 
          -   
          -   
$      4,580  $      4,559  $      3,350  $         689  $      2,498 

     3,081 
   10,354 
        926 
     9,428 
     2,490 
   10,676 
     1,242 
        553 
          -   

     5,152 
   17,285 
     1,225 
   16,060 
   10,123 
   20,464 
     5,719 
     1,147 
        (13)

     9,520 
   21,368 
     1,742 
   19,626 
   18,796 
   32,845 
     5,577 
        973 
        (24)

$        1.10  $        1.64  $        1.22  $        0.31  $        1.19 
       1.19 
       1.22 
   0.3070 
   0.3200 
     11.46 
     13.10 

       1.64 
   0.5400 
     14.11 

       0.31 
   0.3130 
     12.29 

       1.10 
   0.5700 
     16.32 

$  960,811  $  539,590  $  424,122  $  418,124  $  268,910 
 207,284 
 330,805 
     9,315 
   17,220 
   37,957 
   48,995 
 196,492 
 339,290 
     9,665 
     9,733 
   37,959 
   36,045 
   24,101 
   36,442 
     2,056 
     2,752 
     2,056 
     2,752 

 319,628 
   24,656 
   42,607 
 340,874 
     9,699 
   32,623 
   33,627 
     2,228 
     2,228 

 414,868 
   29,233 
   58,750 
 415,027 
     9,766 
   73,100 
   39,621 
     2,779 
     2,779 

 646,834 
   55,646 
 128,897 
 722,030 
     9,800 
 124,800 
   92,337 
     4,147 
     4,147 

0.61%
0.95%
6.94% 12.02%
3.88%
3.34%

0.80%
0.20%
0.98%
9.56%
2.39% 10.22%
3.58%
3.73%
3.14%
85.48% 78.16% 74.56% 89.58% 62.47%
51.82% 32.93% 26.23% 100.97% 25.80%

8.79%
0.71%
0.54%
0.54%
0.12%

7.89%
0.86%
1.39%
1.42%
0.11%

8.32%
0.85%
1.78%
1.83%
0.09%

8.40%
0.63%
0.29%
0.44%
0.39%

9.62%
1.13%
0.15%
0.18%
0.05%

27

ITEM 7: MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 

OPERATIONS

The following presents management’s discussion and analysis of the Company’s consolidated financial condition and 

the results of the Company’s operations.  This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated 
financial statements and the notes thereto presented in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Information, of this 
Form 10-K.   

Cautionary Note About Forward-Looking Statements 

We make certain forward-looking statements in this Form 10-K that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These 
forward-looking statements represent plans, estimates, objectives, goals, guidelines, expectations, intentions, projections and 
statements of our beliefs concerning future events, business plans, objectives, expected operating results and the assumptions 
upon which those statements are based. Forward-looking statements include without limitation, any statement that may 
predict, forecast, indicate or imply future results, performance or achievements, and are typically identified with words such 
as “may,” “could,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “aim,” “intend,” “plan,” or words 
or phases of similar meaning. We caution that the forward-looking statements are based largely on our expectations and are 
subject to a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties that are subject to change based on factors which are, in 
many instances, beyond our control. Actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those 
contemplated, expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. 

The following factors, among others, could cause our financial performance to differ materially from that expressed in 

such forward-looking statements:

• the strength of the United States economy in general and the strength of the local economies in which we conduct 

operations; 

• geopolitical conditions, including acts or threats of terrorism, or actions taken by the United States or other 

governments in response to acts or threats of terrorism and/or military conflicts, which could impact business and 
economic conditions in the United States and abroad; 

• the occurrence of significant natural disasters, including severe weather conditions, floods, health related issues 
(including the recent COVID-19 outbreak and the associated efforts to limit the spread of the disease), and other 
catastrophic events; 

• our management of risks inherent in our real estate loan portfolio, and the risk of a prolonged downturn in the real 
estate market, which could impair the value of our collateral and our ability to sell collateral upon any foreclosure; 

• changes in consumer spending and savings habits; 
• technological and social media changes; 

• the effects of, and changes in, trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including interest rate policies of the 

Federal Reserve, inflation, interest rate, market and monetary fluctuations; 

• changing bank regulatory conditions, policies or programs, whether arising as new legislation or regulatory 

initiatives, that could lead to restrictions on activities of banks generally, or our subsidiary bank in particular, more 
restrictive regulatory capital requirements, increased costs, including deposit insurance premiums, regulation or 
prohibition of certain income producing activities or changes in the secondary market for loans and other products; 

• the impact of changes in financial services policies, laws and regulations, including laws, regulations and policies 

concerning taxes, banking, securities and insurance, and the application thereof by regulatory bodies; 

• the impact of changes in laws, regulations and policies affecting the real estate industry; 

• the effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted from time to time by bank regulatory 

agencies, the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”), the FASB or other 
accounting standards setting bodies; 

• the timely development of competitive new products and services and the acceptance of these products and services 

by new and existing customers; 

28

• the willingness of users to substitute competitors' products and services for our products and services; 

• the effect of acquisitions we may make, including, without limitation, the failure to achieve the expected revenue 

growth and/or expense savings from such acquisitions; 

• changes in the level of our nonperforming assets and charge-offs;

• our involvement, from time to time, in legal proceedings and examination and remedial actions by regulators; 

• potential exposure to fraud, negligence, computer theft and cyber-crime. 

The foregoing factors should not be considered exhaustive and should be read together with other cautionary statements 
that are included in this Form 10-K, including those discussed in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in Item 1A above. If one 
or more of the factors affecting our forward-looking information and statements proves incorrect, then our actual results, 
performance or achievements could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, forward-looking information 
and statements contained in this Form 10-K. Therefore, we caution you not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking 
information and statements. We will not update the forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes in the 
factors affecting the forward-looking statements. New risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not 
possible for us to predict their occurrence or how they will affect us. 

Critical Accounting Policies 

General 

The accounting principles Blue Ridge applies under GAAP are complex and require management to apply significant 

judgment to various accounting, reporting and disclosure matters. Management must use assumptions, judgments and 
estimates when applying these principles where precise measurements are not possible or practical. These policies are critical 
because they are highly dependent upon subjective or complex judgments, assumptions and estimates. Changes in such 
judgments, assumptions and estimates may have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements. Actual results, 
in fact, could differ from initial estimates. 

The accounting policies Blue Ridge views as critical are those relating to judgments, assumptions and estimates 
regarding the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the fair value measurements of certain assets and liabilities, and 
accounting for other real estate owned. 

Allowance for Loan Losses 

The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level believed to be adequate by Blue Ridge to absorb probable losses 

inherent in the portfolio and is based on the size and current risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, an assessment of 
individual problem loans and actual loss experience, current economic events in specific industries and other pertinent factors 
such as regulatory guidance and general economic conditions.  The allowance is established through a provision for loan 
losses charged to earnings.  Loans identified as losses and deemed uncollectible by management are charged to the 
allowance. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a 
regular basis by management.

The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that 

are classified as impaired, for which an allowance is established when the fair value of the loan is lower than its carrying 
value. The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative 
factors. Historical losses are categorized into risk-similar loan pools and a loss ratio factor is applied to each group’s loan 
balances to determine the allocation. 

Qualitative and environmental factors include external risk factors that Blue Ridge believes affects its  overall lending 

environment. Environmental factors that Blue Ridge routinely analyzes include levels and trends in delinquencies and 
impaired loans, levels and trends in charge-offs and recoveries, trends in volume and terms of loans, effects of changes in risk 
selection and underwriting practices, experience, ability, depth of lending management and staff, national and local economic 
trends, conditions such as unemployment rates, housing statistics, banking industry conditions, and the effect of changes in 
credit concentrations.  Determination of the allowance is inherently subjective as it requires significant estimates, including 
the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans 

29

based on historical loss experience and consideration of current economic trends, all of which may be susceptible to 
significant change.        

Credit losses are an inherent part of the Company’s business and, although Blue Ridge believes the methodologies for 
determining the allowance for loan losses and the current level of the allowance are appropriate, it is possible that there may 
be unidentified losses in the portfolio at any particular time that may become evident at a future date pursuant to additional 
internal analysis or regulatory comment. Additional provisions for such losses, if necessary, would be recorded, and would 
negatively impact earnings. 

Allowance for Loan Losses—Acquired Loans 

Acquired loans accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 310-30 

For our acquired loans, to the extent that we experience a deterioration in borrower credit quality resulting in a decrease 
in our expected cash flows subsequent to the acquisition of the loans, an allowance for loan losses would be established based 
on our previously described allowance methodology

Acquired loans accounted for under ASC 310-20 

Subsequent to the acquisition date, we establish our allowance for loan losses through a provision for loan losses based 
upon an evaluation process that is similar to our evaluation process used for originated loans. This evaluation, which includes 
a review of loans on which full collectability may not be reasonably assured, considers, among other factors, the estimated 
fair value of the underlying collateral, economic conditions, historical net loan loss experience, carrying value of the loans, 
which includes the remaining net purchase discount or premium, and other factors that warrant recognition in determining 
our allowance for loan losses. 

Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans 

Purchased credit-impaired ("PCI") loans, which are the loans acquired in our acquisition of Virginia Community Bank, 

are loans acquired at a discount (that is due, in part, to credit quality). These loans are initially recorded at fair value (as 
determined by the present value of expected future cash flows) with no allowance for loan losses. We account for interest 
income on all loans acquired at a discount (that is due, in part, to credit quality) based on the acquired loans' expected cash 
flows. The acquired loans may be aggregated and accounted for as a pool of loans if the loans being aggregated have 
common risk characteristics. A pool is accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate 
expectation of cash flow. The difference between the cash flows expected at acquisition and the investment in the loans, or 
the "accretable yield," is recognized as interest income utilizing the level-yield method over the life of each pool. Increases in 
expected cash flows subsequent to the acquisition are recognized prospectively through adjustment of the yield on the pool 
over its remaining life, while decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairment through a loss provision and an 
increase in the allowance for loan losses. Therefore, the allowance for loan losses on these impaired pools reflect only losses 
incurred after the acquisition (representing the present value of all cash flows that were expected at acquisition but currently 
are not expected to be received). 

We periodically evaluate the remaining contractual required payments due and estimates of cash flows expected to be 
collected. These evaluations, performed quarterly, require the continued use of key assumptions and estimates, similar to the 
initial estimate of fair value. Changes in the contractual required payments due and estimated cash flows expected to be 
collected may result in changes in the accretable yield and non-accretable difference or reclassifications between accretable 
yield and the non-accretable difference. On an aggregate basis, if the acquired pools of PCI loans perform better than 
originally expected, we would expect to receive more future cash flows than originally modeled at the acquisition date. For 
the pools with better than expected cash flows, the forecasted increase would be recorded as an additional accretable yield 
that is recognized as a prospective increase to our interest income on loans. 

Fair Value Measurements 

Blue Ridge determines the fair values of financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy, which requires an 
entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The 
standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value. the Company’s investment securities 
available-for-sale are recorded at fair value using reliable and unbiased evaluations by an industry-wide valuation service. 
This service uses evaluated pricing models that vary based on asset class and include available trade, bid, and other market 
information. Generally, the methodology includes broker quotes, proprietary models, vast descriptive terms and conditions 
databases, as well as extensive quality control programs. Depending on the availability of observable inputs and prices, 

30

different valuation models could produce materially different fair value estimates. The values presented may not represent 
future fair values and may not be realizable. 

Other Real Estate Owned 

Real estate acquired through, or in lieu of, foreclosure is held for sale and is stated at fair value of the property, less 
estimated disposal costs, if any. Any excess of cost over the fair value less costs to sell at the time of acquisition is charged to 
the allowance for loan losses. The fair value is reviewed periodically by management and any write downs are charged 
against current earnings. 

Emerging Growth Company 

Blue Ridge qualifies as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the federal securities laws. For as long as it 

continues to be an emerging growth company, Blue Ridge may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting 
requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being 
required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure 
obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the 
requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden 
parachute payments not previously approved. In addition, as an emerging growth company, Blue Ridge has elected to take 
advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards until those standards 
would otherwise apply to a company that is not an issuer (as defined under Section 2(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if such 
standards apply to companies that are not issuers.  This may make the Company’s financial statements not comparable with 
other public companies that are not emerging growth companies or that are emerging growth companies that have opted out 
of the extended transition period because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. Blue Ridge could be an 
emerging growth company for up to five years, although it could lose that status sooner if its gross revenues exceed $1.07 
billion, if it issues more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt in a three-year period, or if the market value of its common 
stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of any June 30 before that time, in which case Blue Ridge would no 
longer be an emerging growth company as of the following December 31.

Comparison of Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

For the year ended December 31, 2019, Blue Ridge reported net income of $4.8 million, compared to $4.6 million 

reported for 2018. Basic and diluted earnings per share were $1.14 in 2019 compared to $1.64 in 2018.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income is the excess of interest earned on loans and investments over the interest paid 
on deposits and borrowings and is the Company’s primary revenue source. Net interest income is thereby affected by overall 
balance sheet growth, changes in interest rates and changes in the mix of investments, loans, deposits and borrowings.

Net interest income was $21.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to $17.3 million for the year 

ended December 31, 2018. Net interest margin was 3.48% for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 3.88% for the  
year ended December 31, 2018. The increase in net interest income in 2019 was primarily due to continued growth in the 
loan portfolio in addition to significant growth in the investment portfolio.

31

The following table shows the average balance sheets for each of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. 

In addition, the amounts of interest earned on interest-earning assets, with related yields, and interest expense on interest-
bearing liabilities, with related rates, are shown.

(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Taxable investments (1)
Tax-free investments (1)

 Total securities

Interest-bearing deposits in 

other banks

Federal funds sold
Loans available for sale
Loans held for investment 
(including loan fees) (2)
Total interest-earning assets
Less allowance for loan losses
Total noninterest earning 

assets
Total assets
Liabilities and shareholders’ 

equity:

Interest-bearing demand and 

savings deposits

Time deposits
   Total interest-bearing 

deposits
Other borrowings

Total interest-bearing 

liabilities

Other noninterest bearing 

liabilities

Shareholders’ equity
Total liabilities and 
shareholders’ 
equity
Interest rate spread
Net interest income and 

margin

2019

For the Years Ended December 31,
2018

2017

Average
Balance  

Interest  

Yield/
Rate  

Average
Balance  

Interest  

Yield/
Rate  

Average
Balance  

Interest  

Yield/
Rate

$ 103,698
7,832 
    111,530 

$

3,286

285      3.64% 
3,571      3.20%   

3.17% $ 46,940
9,497 
56,437 

$

1,574

353      3.72% 
1,927      3.42%   

3.35% $ 36,031
7,951 
43,982 

$

1,132

3.14%
336      4.22%
1,468      3.34%

15,530 
313 
53,148

266      1.71%   
10      3.06%   

1,940

3.65%

9,051 
882 
18,381

75      0.83%   
17      1.93%   
786

4.28%

17,040 
1,552 
15,583

146      0.85%
17      1.08%
3.24%

505

458,927
    639,448 
(4,572)

41,611 
  $ 676,487 

5.48%

25,150

360,872
    30,937      4.84%    445,623 
(3,580)

5.46%

19,693

312,435
    22,498      5.05%    390,592 
(2,802)

16,430

5.26%
    18,566      4.75%

21,597 
  $ 463,640 

20,079 
  $ 407,869 

  $ 170,251 
    216,313 

  $

1,663      0.98%  $ 133,431 
4,546      2.10%    165,317 

  $

814      0.61%  $ 115,455 
2,698      1.63%    159,202 

  $

490      0.42%
2,238      1.41%

386,564
    121,201 

6,209
3,310      2.73%   

1.61%

298,748
53,509 

3,512
1,640      3.06%   

1.18%

274,657
37,168 

0.99%
2,728
1,203      3.24%

    507,765 

9,519      1.87%    352,257 

5,152      1.46%    311,825 

3,931      1.26%

    108,728 
59,994 

73,552 
37,831 

60,787 
35,257 

  $ 676,487 

  $ 463,640 

  $ 407,869 

       2.96%   

       3.59%   

       3.49%

  $  21,418       3.34%   

   $17,346       3.88%   

  $ 14,635       3.73%

(1) Computed on a fully taxable equivalent basis.
(2) Non-accrual loans have been included in the computations of average loan balances.

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
      
  
   
  
   
      
  
   
  
   
      
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
      
  
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
  
   
      
  
   
  
   
      
  
   
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
      
  
   
   
      
  
   
   
      
  
   
   
      
  
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
  
  
  
 
Interest income and expense are affected by changes in interest rates, by changes in the volumes of earning assets and 

interest-bearing liabilities, and by changes in the mix of these assets and liabilities. The following rate-volume variance 
analysis shows the year-to-year changes in the components of net interest income:

2019 compared to 2018

2018 compared to 2017

(Dollars in thousands)
Interest Income
Taxable investments
Tax-free investments
Interest bearing deposits in other banks
Federal funds sold
Loans available for sale
Loans held for investment
Total interest income

Interest Expense
Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits:
Time deposits
FHLB advances and other borrowings
Total interest expense
Change in Net Interest Income

Increase/(Decrease)
Due to

   Volume     Rate

Total
Increase/
(Decrease)     Volume  

Increase/(Decrease)
Due to

  Rate  

Total
Increase/
(Decrease)  

  $ 1,904   $

(192)    $
(6)
(62)
137
54
4
(11)
(332)
1,486
    5,350    
107 
  $ 8,721   $ (282) 

 $

  $

225  $
832

 625  $
1,015
(404)   
    2,074    
    3,131    
1,236     
  $ 5,590   $ (1,518)   $

1,712   $
(68)
191
(7)
1,154
5,457    
8,439   $

850  $

1,847
1,670    
4,367    
4,072   $

76    $
366    $
(40)
57
(4)
(66)
13
(13)
161
120
2,643      
619 
3,107     $ 825 

 $

110  
100
501     
711     

213  $
361
(64)     
510 
2,396     $ 315 

 $

442 
17
(70)
—
281
3,262  
3,932  

323
461
(437)  
1,221 
2,711  

Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses was $1.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2019 as 

compared to $1.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2018. Net charge-offs amounted to $750 thousand during the 
year ended December 31, 2019 and $448 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase in the provision for 
loan losses during 2019 compared to the like period in 2018 was due to overall loan portfolio growth as well as changes in 
portfolio mix.

Non-Interest Income. The Company’s non-interest income sources include deposit service charges and other fees, 

gains/losses on sales of mortgages, and income from bank owned life insurance. Non-interest income totaled $18.8 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to $10.1 million for the like period in 2018. The increase in non-interest 
income was largely due to an increase of $7.2 million related to the origination and sale of held for sale mortgages. 
Additionally, earnings on investment in life insurance increased $735 thousand largely due to Blue Ridge receiving life 
insurance proceeds. The following table provides detail for non-interest income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018:

Non-Interest Income (in thousands) 
Service charges on deposit accounts
Earnings on investment in life insurance
Mortgage brokerage income
Gain on sale of mortgages
Gain on disposal of assets
Gain on sale of securities
Loss on sale of OREO
Gain on sale of guaranteed USDA loans
Small business investment company fund income
Payroll processing income through MoneyWise Payroll Solutions
Interchange income
Insurance income
Credit mark recovery income
Other income
   Total Non-interest Income

  $

$

For the years ended 
December 31,

2019

2018

651
936
4,046
10,387
1
451
(43)
298
49
980
642
97
200
101
18,796

$

$

635 
200
2,724 
4,541 
1 
5 
— 
—
208
1,015
513
—
200
81
10,123

33

 
 
  
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
Non-Interest Expense. Non-interest expense totaled $32.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 as compared to 

$20.5 million for the same period in 2018, a 60.5% increase. This was primarily due to an increase in salaries and employee 
benefits of $7.5 million, or 63.2%, which was a result of Blue Ridge hiring individuals in key positions to expand its team, in 
addition to hiring individuals to lead its new branch in Greensboro, North Carolina, and expanding its mortgage operations in 
Northern Virginia.  Additionally, occupancy expenses increased $924 thousand, or 57.2%, due to additional leased locations 
for the expanded mortgage division, and a full year of lease expense for the branch in Greensboro, North Carolina.  Legal and 
other professional fees increased $1.4 million, or 329.8%, as a result of expenses associated with the acquisition of VCB.  
Data processing costs increased $791 thousand, or 71.3%, a majority of which is related to the fees associated with 
integrating VCB’s core processing system with Blue Ridge.  The following table provides detail for non-interest expense for 
the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

Non-Interest Expense (in thousands) 
Salaries and employee benefits
Occupancy and equipment expenses
Data processing
Legal and other professional fees
Advertising expense
Communications
Debit card expenses
Directors fees
Audits and accounting fees
FDIC insurance expense
Other contractual services
Other taxes and assessments
Printing, postage, stationery, and supplies
Education, dues, travel, meals and entertainment
Amortization expense
Mortgage loan funding/underwriting/closing
Insurance expense
Mortgage reserve expense
Other expenses
   Total Non-interest Expense

For the years ended 
December 31,

2019

2018

  $

$

19,328
2,538
1,902
1,778
810
441
363
231
258
420
382
661
444
806
489
670
153
327
844
32,845

$

$

11,843 
1,614
1,111 
413 
485 
401 
290 
190
143
250
347
551
405
521
602
311
123
53
864
20,464

 Income Tax Expense. During the year ended December 31, 2019, Blue Ridge recognized a provision for income taxes 

of $826 thousand, for an effective tax rate of 14.8%, as compared to a provision of $1.1 million, for an effective tax rate of 
20.1% for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Analysis of Financial Condition

Loan Portfolio. Blue Ridge makes loans to individuals as well as to commercial entities. Specific loan terms vary as to 

interest rate, repayment and collateral requirements based on the type of loan requested and the creditworthiness of the 
prospective borrower. Credit risk tends to be geographically concentrated in that a majority of the loan customers are located 
in the markets serviced by Blue Ridge. All loans are underwritten within specific lending policy guidelines that are designed 
to maximize the Company’s profitability within an acceptable level of business risk.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
The following table sets forth the distribution of the Company’s loan portfolio at the dates indicated by category of 

loan and the percentage of loans in each category to total loans.

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and financial
Agricultural
Real estate – construction, commercial
Real estate – construction, residential
Real estate – mortgage, commercial
Real estate – mortgage, residential
Real estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans
Gross loans
Less: Unearned Income
Gross loans, net of unearned income
Less: Allowance for loan losses

Net loans

Loans and leases held for sale 
   (not included in totals above)

Amount
$

At December 31,

2019

2018

Percent

  Amount

Percent

77,282  
446  
38,039  
26,778  
  251,824  
  208,494  
5,507  
39,202  

11.95% $ 49,076   11.81%
0.05%
216  
0.07%   
3.53%
5.87%    14,666  
4.14%    15,102  
3.63%
38.89%   150,513   36.22%
32.20%    149,856   36.06%
1.01%
0.85%   
4,179  
7.69% 
6.05%    31,979  
  647,572   100.00%    415,587   100.00%

(738)
646,834

(4,572)  
642,262  

(719)
414,868

(3,580)  
 $ 411,288  

55,646

$ 29,233

$

$

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and financial
Agricultural
Real estate – construction, commercial

 $

Real estate – construction, residential
Real estate – mortgage, commercial
Real estate – mortgage, residential
Real estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans
Gross loans
Less: Unearned Income
Gross loans, net of unearned income
Less: Allowance for loan losses

Net loans

Loans and leases held for sale 
   (not included in totals above)

 $

$

2017

At December 31,
2016

2015

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

49,956     
314     
11,502    

8,136     
111,796     
119,795     
4,66     
25,478     
331,633     
(829)
330,804

(2,802)    
328,002     

15.06%  $
0.09%   
3.47%   

2.45%   
33.71%   
36.14%   
1.40%   
7.68%   
100.00%   

  $

50,520
896
17,737

5,126
109,750
116,014
4,514
16,281
320,838
(1,210)
319,628
(2,013)
317,615

15.75%  $
0.28%   
5.53%   

1.60%   
34.21%   
36.15%   
1.41%   
5.07%   
100.00%   

  $

30,325
257
13,890

3,305
59,845
84,317
5,144
10,413
207,496
(212)
207,284
(2,347)
204,937

14.61%
0.12%
6.69%

1.59%
28.84%
40.64%
2.48%
5.03%
100.00%

17,220

$

24,656

$

9,315

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
   
 
  
   
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  The following table sets forth the repricing characteristics and sensitivity to interest rate changes of our loan 

portfolio at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

December 31, 2019 (Dollars in thousands)  
Commercial and financial
Agricultural
Real estate – construction, 
commercial
Real estate – construction, 
residential
Real estate – mortgage, 
commercial
Real estate – mortgage, residential
Real estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans
Gross loans

One Year or 
Less

Between
 One and 
Five Years
  $ 22,634     $ 27,749
273

173     

  After Five Years
 $

26,899 $ 
—  

Total

77,282  
446  

14,133     

18,160

5,746  

38,039  

26,279     

499

—  

26,778  

28,085      125,687
41,062
11,237     
1,453
445     
30,870
3,154     
  $ 106,140 $ 245,753

98,052  
156,195  
3,609  
5,178  
295,679 $

251,824  
208,494  
5,507  
39,202  
647,572  

133,914 $
161,765  
295,679 $ 

428,514
 219,058    
647,572    

$

$

 $

Fixed-rate loans
Floating-rate loans
Gross loans

$ 70,659 $ 223,941
21,812
  $ 106,140    $  245,753  

35,481

December  31, 2018 (Dollars in thousands)  
Commercial and financial
Agricultural
Real estate – construction, 
commercial
Real estate – construction, 
residential
Real estate – mortgage, 
commercial
Real estate – mortgage, residential
Real estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans
Gross loans

One Year or 
Less

Between
 One and 
Five Years

  After Five Years

Total

  $ 11,880     $ 19,583  $
33   

183     

17,613 $ 
—  

49,076  
216  

6,987     

6,412   

1,267  

14,666  

15,102     

—   

—  

15,102  

21,403     
11,353     
723     
787     

52,743   
18,291   
1,494   
23,378   
$

  $  68,418 $ 121,934

76,367  
120,212  
1,962  
7,814  
225,235 $

150,513  
149,856  
4,179  
31,979  
415,587  

Fixed-rate loans
Floating-rate loans
Gross loans

$ 52,431 $ 115,860
6,074
  $ 68,418    $  121,934  

15,987

$

 $

126,942 $
98,293  
225,235 $

295,233
120,354    
415,587    

Blue Ridge prepares a quarterly analysis of the allowance for loan losses, with the objective of quantifying portfolio 

risk into a dollar amount of inherent losses. The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have 
occurred through a provision for loan losses charged against income and decreased by loans charged-off (net of recoveries, if 
any). Management’s periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance is based on past loan loss experience, known and 
inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any 
underlying collateral, and current economic conditions. While management uses the best information available to make 
evaluations, future adjustments may be necessary, if economic or other conditions differ substantially from the assumptions 
used. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are identified 
as impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows or the net 
realizable value, which is equal to the estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell, of the impaired loan is lower than the 
carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and those loans classified that are not 
impaired and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for other internal or external influences on credit quality that are 
not fully reflected in the historical data.

36

 
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Blue Ridge follows applicable guidance issued by FASB. This guidance requires that losses be accrued when they are 
probable of occurring and can be estimated. It also requires that impaired loans, within its scope, be measured based on the 
present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except that as a practical 
expedient, a creditor may measure impairment based on a loan’s observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if 
the loan is collateral dependent.

Loans are evaluated for non-accrual status when principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days or more and are placed 

on non-accrual status when a loan is specifically determined to be impaired. Any unpaid interest previously accrued on those 
loans is reversed from income. Any interest payments subsequently received are recognized as income or amortized over the 
life of the refinanced loan depending on the specific circumstances. Interest payments received on loans, where management 
believes a potential for loss remains, are applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance.

Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate. There can be no assurance, however, that 
adjustments to the provision for loan losses will not be required in the future. Changes in the economic assumptions 
underlying management’s estimates and judgments; adverse developments in the economy, on a national basis or in the 
Company’s market area; or changes in the circumstances of particular borrowers are criteria that could change and make 
adjustments to the provision for loan losses necessary.

The following table presents a summary of the provision and allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated: 

(Dollars in thousands)
Allowance, beginning of period
Charge-Offs

Commercial and industrial
Real estate, construction
Real estate, mortgage
Consumer and other loans

Total charge-offs
Recoveries

Commercial and industrial
Real estate, construction
Real estate, mortgage
Consumer and other loans

Total recoveries
Net charge-offs 
Provision for loan losses
Allowance, end of period
Ratio of net charges-offs to average total 

Year Ended December 31,

2019  
  $ 3,580  

2018  
  $ 2,803  

2017  
  $ 2,013  

2016  
  $ 2,347  

2015  
  $ 2,121  

  $

43  
  —  
 4  
     914  
961  

  $

6  
  —  
 13  
     545  
564  

  $ —  
  —  
71  
 365  
436  

  $ 1,019  
  —  
  —  
306  
  1,325  

  $

28  
  —  
  —  
91  
119  

  —  
  —  
(6)    
(205)    
(211) 
750 
  1,742 
    $ 4,572  

  — 
  — 
(12) 
(104)    
(116) 
448  
  1,225 
  $ 3,580  

(35) 
  — 
(1)
 (95)    
(131) 
305  
  1,095  
  $ 2,803  

(1)
  — 
  — 

 (64)    
(65) 
  1,260  
926  
  $ 2,013  

  — 
  — 
  — 
(25) 
(25) 
94  
320  
  $ 2,347  

loans outstanding during period

  0.02%  

  0.12%  

  0.09%  

  0.48%  

  0.05% 

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The allowance for loan losses includes specific and additional allowances for impaired loans and a general allowance 
applicable to all loan categories; however, management has allocated the allowance by loan type to provide an indication of 
the relative risk characteristics of the loan portfolio. The allocation is an estimate and should not be interpreted as an 
indication that charge-offs will occur in these amounts, or that the allocation indicates future trends, and does not restrict the 
usage of the allowance for any specific loan or category. The allocation of the allowance at the end of the period indicated, 
and as a percent of the applicable loan segment, is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and 
industrial
Real estate – 

construction, 
commercial

Real estate – 

construction, 
residential

Real estate – mortgage, 

commercial

Real estate – mortgage, 

residential
Agricultural and 
farmland

Consumer installment

2019  

% of
Loans

2018

% of
Loans  

2017

% of
Loans  

2016

% of
Loans  

2015

December 31,

$

842       

1.1%   $

568       

1.2% 

 $

494       

0.9% 

 $

573       

1.1% 

 $

471       

1.6%

220       

0.6%    

111       

0.8% 

92       

0.8% 

83       

0.5% 

232       

1.7%

60       

0.2%    

56       

0.4% 

36       

0.5% 

10       

0.2% 

21       

0.7%

1,602       

0.6%    

1,183       

0.8% 

809       

0.7% 

533       

0.5% 

668       

1.1%

509

0.2%

431

0.3%

405

0.3%

289

0.3%

465

0.6%

9
1,330       
$ 4,572       

0.2%
3.4%    
0.7%   $

13
1,218       
3,580       

0.3%
3.8% 
0.9% 

 $

12
954       
2,803       

0.2%
3.8% 
0.9% 

 $

8
517       
2,013       

0.1%
3.2% 
0.6% 

 $

15
476       
2,347       

0.3%
4.6%
1.1%

Non-performing Assets. Non-performing assets consist of non-accrual loans, loans past due 90 days and still accruing 

interest, and other real estate owned (foreclosed properties). The level of non-performing assets decreased by $2.5 million 
during 2019 to $5.2 million at December 31, 2019, compared to $7.7 million at December 31, 2018 and $7.8 million at 
December 31, 2017. Blue Ridge has established specific loan loss reserves on impaired loans equal to the estimated collateral 
deficiency (if any), plus the cost of sale of the underlying collateral, as applicable. 

Loans are placed in non-accrual status when in the opinion of management the collection of additional interest is 
unlikely or a specific loan meets the criteria for non-accrual status established by regulatory authorities. No interest is taken 
into income on non-accrual loans. A loan remains on non-accrual status until the loan is current as to both principal and 
interest or the borrower demonstrates the ability to pay and remain current, or both.

Foreclosed real properties include properties that have been substantively repossessed or acquired in complete or 
partial satisfaction of debt. Such properties, which are held for resale, are carried at fair value, including a reduction for the 
estimated selling expenses. 

The following is a summary of information pertaining to risk elements and non-performing assets at the dates 

indicated:

(Dollars in thousands)
Non-accrual loans
Loans past due 90 days and still accruing
Total non-performing loans

Other real estate owned

Total non-performing assets
Allowance for loan losses to total loans 

held for investment

Allowance for loan losses to non-

December 31,

2019
$ 4,790  
369  
$ 5,159  
  —  
$ 5,159  

2018
  $ 5,515  
  2,005  
  $ 7,520  
134  
  $ 7,654  

2017
  $ 7,496  
73  
  $ 7,569  
207  
  $ 7,776  

2016

 $

787  
433  
 $ 1,220  
611  
 $ 1,831  

  $

  $

  $

2015

384  
22  
406  
70  
476  

  0.71%   

  0.86%   

0.85%    

0.63%   

1.13% 

performing loans

  88.62%   

  47.61%   

37.02%    165.00%  

  578.08%  

Non-performing loans to total loans held 

for investment

Non-performing assets to total assets

  0.80%   
  0.54%  

  1.81%   
  1.42%  

2.29%    
1.89%   

0.38%   
0.44%   

0.20% 
0.18%

38

 
 
  
  
  
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment Securities. The investment portfolio is used as a source of interest income, credit risk diversification and 

liquidity, as well as to manage rate sensitivity and provide collateral for short-term borrowings. Securities in the investment 
portfolio classified as securities available-for-sale may be sold in response to changes in market interest rates, changes in the 
securities’ prepayment risk, increased loan demand, general liquidity needs, and other similar factors, and are carried at 
estimated fair value.  The fair value of the Company’s investment securities available-for-sale was $108.6 million at 
December 31, 2019, an increase of $70.5 million, or 185.4%, from $38.0 million at December 31, 2018.  Investment 
securities held-to-maturity at December 31, 2019 totaled $12.2 million, $15.6 million at December 31, 2018, and $13.2 
million at December 31, 2017.  Securities in the investment portfolio classified as held-to-maturity are those securities that 
Blue Ridge has the ability to hold to maturity and are carried at amortized cost.  

At December 31, 2018, Blue Ridge had total investment securities available-for-sale of $38.0 million, an increase of 

$5.4 million, or 16.8%, from $32.6 million at December 31, 2017.  Blue Ridge purchased $11.6 million in investment 
securities available-for-sale to offset redemptions and sales of $5.3 million and to enhance the yield of the portfolio during 
2018. 

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the majority of the investment securities portfolio consisted of securities rated A to 

AAA by a leading rating agency. Investment securities which carry a AAA rating are judged to be of the best quality and 
carry the smallest degree of investment risk. Investment securities that were pledged to secure public deposits totaled 
$11.8 million and $16.6 million at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. 

Blue Ridge completes reviews for other-than-temporary impairment at least quarterly. At December 31, 2019 and 

December 31, 2018, only investment grade securities were in an unrealized loss position. Investment securities with 
unrealized losses are a result of pricing changes due to recent and negative conditions in the current market environment and 
not as a result of permanent credit impairment. Contractual cash flows for the agency mortgage-backed securities are 
guaranteed and/or funded by the U.S. government. Municipal securities show no indication that the contractual cash flows 
will not be received when due. Blue Ridge does not intend to sell nor does it believe that it will be required to sell any of its 
temporarily impaired securities prior to the recovery of the amortized cost. 

No other-than-temporary impairment has been recognized for the securities in the Company’s investment portfolio as of 
December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. 

Blue Ridge holds restricted investments in equities of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond (“FRB”),  FHLB, and 

through its correspondent bank, Community Banker’s Bank (“CBB”). At December 31, 2019, Blue Ridge owned $6.0 
million of FHLB stock, $963 thousand of FRB stock, and $248 thousand of CBB stock. At December 31, 2018, Blue Ridge 
owned $3.5 million of FHLB stock, $813 thousand of FRB stock, and $168 thousand of CBB stock.  At December 31, 2017, 
Blue Ridge owned $1.9 million of FHLB stock, $813 thousand of FRB stock, and $168 thousand of CBB stock.  

The following table reflects the composition of the Company’s investment portfolio, at amortized cost, at December 

31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:

(Dollars in thousands)
Held-to maturity
State and municipal    $

    Balance

2019

December 31,
2018

2017

     Percent of total     Balance      Percent of total    

Balance

Percentof total

12,192     

10.1%    $ 15,565     

28.6%    $

13,206

28.6%

Available-for-sale
State and municipal
U. S. Treasury and 

agencies

Mortgage backed 

securities
Corporate bonds
Equity securities

—

2,500

94,983
10,554
—

—

1,000

2.1%

3,375

79.0%
8.8%
—

28,976
5,477
—

Total investments  $ 120,229    

100.0%  $ 54,393     

1.8%

6.2%

1,321

3,375

53.3%
10.1%
—
100.0%  $

22,910
4,826
556
46,194       

2.8%

7.3%

49.6%
10.5%
1.2%
100.0%

39

 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
The following tables present the amortized cost of the Company’s investment portfolio by their stated maturities, as 

well as the weighted average yields for each of the maturity ranges at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Within One Year

  One to Five Years

Five to Ten Years

Over Ten Years

Amortized
Cost

Weighted
Average
Yield

Amortized
Cost

Weighted
Average

Yield  

Amortized
Cost

Weighted
Average

Yield  

Amortized
Cost

Weighted
Average

Yield  

  $

461      

2.7%    $ 2,584       3.3%     $

3,764       3.5%     $

5,385      

3.5% 

(Dollars in thousands)
Held-to maturity
State and municipal

Available-for-sale
U. S. Treasury and 

agencies

Mortgage backed 

securities
Corporate bonds

Total investments   $

(Dollars in thousands)
Held-to maturity
State and municipal

Available-for-sale
State and municipal
U. S. Treasury and 

agencies

Mortgage backed 

securities
Corporate bonds

Total investments

   $

—

—
—
461     

—

—
—

1,000

2.0%

1,500

2.1%

—

—

—
1,500
 $ 5,084     

—
6.5%

8,417
8,750
22,431      

 $

3.5%
4.5%

86,639
229
92,253      

 $

2.9%
6.3%

Within One Year

  One to Five Years

Five to Ten Years

Over Ten Years

Amortized
Cost

Weighted
Average
Yield

Amortized
Cost

Weighted
Average

Yield  

Amortized
Cost

Weighted
Average

Yield  

Amortized
Cost

Weighted
Average
Yield

At December 31, 2018

   $

302      

2.8%    $ 4,089        3.1%     $

2,688        3.8%     $

8,486       

3.6%

500

—

—
—
802     

3.9%

—

—
—

500

500

—
1,500
 $ 6,589     

4.9%

1.8%

—
5.2%

—

—

2,875

2.3%

—

—

1,922
3,750
 $ 11,235       

1.8%
6.5%

27,054
227

 $ 35,767       

      —

—

2.9%
7.0%

Deposits. The principal sources of funds for Blue Ridge are core deposits (demand deposits, interest-bearing 
transaction accounts, money market accounts, savings deposits and certificates of deposit) from its market area. the 
Company’s deposit base includes transaction accounts, time and savings accounts and other accounts that customers use for 
cash management purposes and which provide Blue Ridge with a source of fee income and cross-marketing opportunities as 
well as a low-cost source of funds. Time and savings accounts, including money market deposit accounts, also provide a 
relatively stable low-cost source of funding. Please refer to the average balance tables under “Net Interest Income” for 
information regarding the average balance of deposits, and average rates paid.

Approximately 36.1% of the Company’s deposits at December 31, 2019 were made up of time deposits, which are 

generally the most expensive form of deposit because of their fixed rate and term, as compared to 40.9% and 47.8% at 
December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

The following tables provide a summary of the Company’s deposit base at the dates indicated and the maturity 

distribution of certificates of deposit of $100,000 or more as of the end of the periods indicated:

(Dollars in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing demand
Interest-bearing – checking, savings and money 

market

Time deposits $100,000 or more
Other time deposits
Total deposits

2019

December 31,
2018

2017

Average
Rate

  Balance     
 $177,819      —    

Average
Rate

  Balance     
 $ 88,265      —    

Average
Rate

  Balance     
 $ 61,388      —    

   283,256     
   178,121     
   82,834     
 $722,030    

0.80%    157,000     
2.24%    109,004     
1.70%    60,758     
 $415,027     

0.87%    115,888     
2.02%    101,853     
1.58%    60,161     
 $339,290     

0.40% 
1.33% 
1.31% 

40

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Maturities of Time Deposits ($100,000 or greater)

December 31, 
2019

December 31,
2018

December 30,
2017

(Dollars in thousands)

Maturing in:

3 months or less
Over 3 months through 6 months
Over 6 months through 12 months
Over 12 months

   $

   $

28,455   
24,646   
28,922   
96,098   
178,121   

$

$

8,155    
19,265    
20,867    
60,717    
109,004    

$

$

3,889  
17,596  
18,433  
61,935  
101,853  

Brokered and listing service deposits made up of both certificate of deposits and money market demand accounts 
totaled $49.8 million at December 31, 2019, an increase of $26.3 million from $23.5 million at December 31, 2018.  At 
December 31, 2017, these third-party deposits totaled $25.0 million.

Borrowings: The following table provides information on the balances and interest rates on total borrowings at the dates 

indicated:

(Dollars in thousands)
FHLB borrowings
Weighted average interest rate

2019
  $ 124,800 

2018
    $ 73,100 

2017
  $ 35,957 

1.92%      

2.47%    

1.5%

At December 31,

FHLB advances are secured by collateral consisting of a blanket lien on qualifying loans in the Company’s residential, 

multifamily and commercial real estate mortgage loan portfolios as well as selected investment portfolio securities.

Liquidity. Liquidity in the banking industry is defined as the ability to meet the demand for funds of both depositors and 

borrowers. Blue Ridge must be able to meet these needs by obtaining funding from depositors or other lenders or by 
converting non-cash items into cash. The objective of the Company’s liquidity management program is to ensure that it 
always has sufficient resources to meet the demands of depositors and borrowers. Stable core deposits and a strong capital 
position provide the base for the Company’s liquidity position. Blue Ridge believes it has demonstrated its ability to attract 
deposits because of the Company’s convenient branch locations, personal service, technology and pricing. 

In addition to deposits, Blue Ridge has access to the different wholesale funding markets. These markets include the 
brokered certificate of deposit market, listing service deposit market, and the federal funds market. Blue Ridge is a member 
of the Promontory Interfinancial Network, which allows banking customers to access FDIC insurance protection on deposits 
through Blue Ridge which exceed FDIC insurance limits.  Blue Ridge also has one-way authority with Promontory for both 
their Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service and Insured Cash Swap Service products which provides Blue Ridge 
the ability to access additional wholesale funding as needed. Blue Ridge also maintains secured lines of credit with the FRB 
and the FHLB for which Blue Ridge can borrow up to the allowable amount for the collateral pledged. Having diverse 
funding alternatives reduces the Company’s reliance on any one source for funding. 

Cash flow from amortizing assets or maturing assets also provides funding to meet the needs of depositors and Cash flow 

from amortizing assets or maturing assets also provides funding to meet the needs of depositors and borrowers.

Blue Ridge has established a formal liquidity contingency plan which provides guidelines for liquidity management. For 
the Company’s liquidity management program, it first determines current liquidity position and then forecasts liquidity based 
on anticipated changes in the balance sheet. In this forecast, Blue Ridge expects to maintain a liquidity cushion. Blue Ridge 
also stress tests its liquidity position under several different stress scenarios, from moderate to severe. Guidelines for the 
forecasted liquidity cushion and for liquidity cushions for each stress scenario have been established. Blue Ridge believes 
that it has sufficient resources to meet its liquidity needs. 

Blue Ridge had a credit line available of $220.6 million with the FHLB with an outstanding balance of $134.8 million, 

inclusive of a $10 million letter of credit for use as pledging to the Commonwealth of Virginia for public deposits, as of 
December 31, 2019, leaving the remaining credit availability of $85.8 million at December 31, 2019. As of December 31, 
2018, the outstanding balance of borrowings with the FHLB totaled $73.1 million.

Blue Ridge had four unsecured federal fund lines available with correspondent banks for overnight borrowing totaling 

$21 million at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. These lines were not drawn upon at December 31, 2019 or 2018.

41

 
  
   
    
 
  
  
  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Liquidity is essential to the Company’s business. the Company’s liquidity could be impaired by an inability to access the 
capital markets or by unforeseen outflows of cash, including deposits. This situation may arise due to circumstances that Blue 
Ridge may be unable to control, such as general market disruption, negative views about the financial services industry 
generally, or an operational problem that affects a third party or Blue Ridge. the Company’s ability to borrow from other 
financial institutions on favorable terms or at all could be adversely affected by disruptions in the capital markets or other 
events. Blue Ridge monitors its liquidity position daily through cash flow forecasting and monthly testing against minimum 
policy ratios and believes its level of liquidity and capital is adequate to conduct the business of Blue Ridge. 

Capital. Capital adequacy is an important measure of financial stability and performance. the Company’s objectives are 
to maintain a level of capitalization that is sufficient to sustain asset growth and promote depositor and investor confidence. 

Regulatory agencies measure capital adequacy utilizing a formula that considers the individual risk profile of the 
financial institution. The minimum capital requirements for the Bank are: (i) a common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) capital ratio 
of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 to risk-based assets capital ratio of 6%; (iii) a total risk-based capital ratio of 8%; and (iv) a Tier 1 
leverage ratio of 4%. Additionally, a capital conservation buffer requirement of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets is designed to 
absorb losses during periods of economic stress and is applicable to the Bank’s CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and total capital 
ratios. Including the conservation buffer, the Bank’s minimum capital ratios are as follows:  7.00% for CET1; 8.50% for 
Tier 1 capital; and 10.50% for Total Risk-Based capital.   Banking institutions with a ratio of common equity Tier 1 to risk-
weighted assets above the minimum but below the conservation buffer will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases, 
and compensation.  Blue Ridge Bank was considered “well capitalized” for regulatory purposes at December 31, 2019 and 
December 31, 2018.  

On September 17, 2019, the federal banking agencies jointly issued a final rule required by the EGRRCPA that permits 

qualifying banks and bank holding companies that have less than $10 billion in consolidated assets to elect to be subject to 
the CBLR. Under the rule, which became effective on January 1, 2020, banks and bank holding companies that opt into the 
CBLR framework and maintain a CBLR of greater than 9% are not subject to other risk-based and leverage capital 
requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules and would be deemed to have met the well capitalized ratio requirements 
under the “prompt corrective action” framework. The Company is evaluating whether to opt into the CBLR framework.

As noted above, regulatory capital levels for the Bank meet those established for "well capitalized" institutions. While 
the Bank is currently considered "well capitalized," it may from time to time find it necessary to access the capital markets to 
meet the Company’s growth objectives or capitalize on specific business opportunities. 

The following table shows the minimum capital requirement and the capital position at December 31, 2019 and 

December 31, 2018 for the Bank. 

Actual

Amount

Ratio

For Capital
Adequacy Purposes (1)
Ratio

Amount

To Be Well Capitalized
Under the Prompt Corrective
Action Provisions

Amount

Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2019
Total risk based capital
(To risk rated assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   79,911   

11.82%  $   71,007   

10.50%  $   67,626   

10.00%

Tier I capital

(To risk rated assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.
Common equity tier 1 capital

(To risk rated assets)

$   75,339   

11.14%  $   57,482   

8.50%  $   54,101   

8.00%

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   75,339   

11.14%  $   47,338   

7.00%  $   43,957   

6.50%

Tier I capital

(To average assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   75,339   

8.00%  $   61,216   

6.50%  $   47,090   

5.00%

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
Actual

Amount

Ratio

For Capital
Adequacy Purposes (1)
Ratio

Amount

To Be Well Capitalized
Under the Prompt Corrective
Action Provisions

Amount

Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2018
Total risk based capital
(To risk rated assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   48,811   

12.11%  $   39,790   

9.875%  $   40,294   

10.00%

Tier I capital

(To risk rated assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.
Common equity tier 1 capital

(To risk rated assets)

$   45,231   

11.23%  $   31,731   

7.875%  $   32,235   

8.00%

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   45,231   

11.23%  $   25,687   

6.375%  $   26,191   

6.50%

Tier I capital

(To average assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   45,231   

8.89%  $   20,342   

4.000%  $   25,428   

5.00%

(1) Except with regard to the Bank’s Tier 1 to average assets ratio, the minimum capital requirement includes the phased-

in portion of the Basel III Capital Rules capital conservation buffer as of the applicable date.

Off-Balance Sheet Activities

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by Blue Ridge to guarantee the performance of a customer 
to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements and, generally, 
have terms of one year or less. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in 
extending loan facilities to customers; Blue Ridge generally holds collateral supporting these commitments. In the event the 
customer does not perform in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the third party, Blue Ridge would be required 
to fund the commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments Blue Ridge could be required to make is 
represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment is funded, Blue Ridge would be entitled to seek 
recovery from the customer. The maximum potential amount of future advances on standby letters of credit available through 
Blue Ridge at December 31, 2019 and 2018, totaled $641 thousand and $1.6 million, respectively.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition 
established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require 
payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment 
amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Blue Ridge evaluates each customer’s credit worthiness on a 
case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by Blue Ridge upon extension of credit, is based 
on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include real estate and income 
producing commercial properties.  The approved commitments to extend credit that was available but unused at December 
31, 2019 and 2018 totaled $107.7 million and $65.2 million, respectively.

Interest Rate Risk Management

As a financial institution, Blue Ridge is exposed to various business risks, including interest rate risk. Interest rate risk is 

the risk to earnings and value arising from volatility in market interest rates. Interest rate risk arises from timing differences 
in the repricing and maturities of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, changes in the expected maturities of 
assets and liabilities arising from embedded options, such as borrowers' ability to prepay loans and depositors' ability to 
redeem certificates of deposit before maturity, changes in the shape of the yield curve where interest rates increase or 
decrease in a nonparallel fashion, and changes in spread relationships between different yield curves, such as U.S. Treasuries 
and LIBOR.  the Company’s goal is to maximize net interest income without incurring excessive interest rate risk. 
Management of net interest income and interest rate risk must be consistent with the level of capital and liquidity that Blue 
Ridge maintains. Blue Ridge manages interest rate risk through an asset and liability committee (“ALCO”). ALCO is 
responsible for managing the Company’s interest rate risk in conjunction with liquidity and capital management. 

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
Blue Ridge employs an independent consulting firm to model its interest rate sensitivity. Blue Ridge uses a net interest 
income simulation model as its primary tool to measure interest rate sensitivity. Many assumptions are developed based on 
expected activity in the balance sheet. For maturing assets, assumptions are created for the redeployment of these assets. For 
maturing liabilities, assumptions are developed for the replacement of these funding sources. Assumptions are also developed 
for assets and liabilities that could reprice during the modeled time period. These assumptions also cover how Blue Ridge 
expects rates to change on non-maturity deposits such as interest checking, money market checking, savings accounts as well 
as certificates of deposit. Based on inputs that include the current balance sheet, the current level of interest rates and the 
developed assumptions, the model then produces an expected level of net interest income assuming that market rates remain 
unchanged. This is considered the base case. Next, the model determines what net interest income would be based on specific 
changes in interest rates. The rate simulations are performed for a two-year period and include rapid rate changes of down 
100 basis points to 200 basis points and up 100 basis points to 400 basis points. In both the up and down scenarios, the model 
assumes a parallel shift in the yield curve. The results of these simulations are then compared to the base case. 

Stress testing the balance sheet and net interest income using instantaneous parallel shock movements in the yield curve 

of 100 to 400 basis points is a regulatory and banking industry practice. However, these stress tests may not represent a 
realistic forecast of future interest rate movements in the yield curve. In addition, instantaneous parallel interest rate shock 
modeling is not a predictor of actual future performance of earnings. It is a financial metric used to manage interest rate risk 
and track the movement of the Company’s interest rate risk position over a historical time frame for comparison purposes. 

At December 31, 2019, the Company’s asset/liability position was considered to be slightly asset sensitive based on its 

interest rate sensitivity model. the Company’s net interest income would increase by 12.0% in an up 100 basis point scenario 
and would increase 14.2% in an up 200 basis point scenario over a one-year time frame. In the two-year time horizon, the 
Company’s net interest income would increase by 3.6% in an up 100 basis point scenario and would increase by 13.5% in an 
up 400 basis point scenario. At December 31, 2019, all interest rate risk stress tests measures were within the Company’s 
board policy established limits in each of the increased rate scenarios. 

Additional information on the Company’s interest rate sensitivity for a static balance sheet over a one-year time horizon 

as of December 31, 2019 can be found below.

Interest Rate Risk to Earnings 
(Net Interest Income)
December 31, 2019

Change in interest 
rates (basis points)  

Percentage change in 
net interest income

+400     
+300     
+200     
+100     
0     
-100     
-200     

19.1%    
16.5%    
14.2%    
12.0%    
—   
2.0%    
-5.9%    

Economic value of equity (“EVE”), measures the period end market value of assets less the market value of liabilities 
and the change in this value as rates change. It models simultaneous parallel shifts in market interest rates, implied by the 
forward yield curve. The EVE model calculates the market value of capital by taking the present value of all asset cash flows 
less the present value of all liability cash flows. 

44

  
 
 
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
The interest rate risk to capital at December 31, 2019 is shown below and reflects that the Company’s market value of 
capital is in a slightly asset sensitive position in which an increase in short-term interest rates is expected to generate higher 
market values of capital. At December 31, 2019, all EVE stress tests measures were within the Company’s board policy 
established limits. 

Interest Rate Risk to Capital
December 31, 2019

Change in interest 
rates (basis points)    

Percentage change in 
economic value of equity  

+400     
+300     
+200     
+100     
0     
-100     
-200     

9.01%   
7.38%   
6.60%   
5.63%   
— 
2.04%   
1.97%   

ITEM 7A: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not required.

45

  
  
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
ITEM 8: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
Charlottesville, Virginia

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the 
“Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, 
changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2019 and the 
related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial 
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 and 
the  results  of  its  operations  and  its  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  two-year  period  ended  December  31,  2019,  in 
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We 
are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal 
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we 
plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are 
free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we 
engaged to perform, an audits of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required 
to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an 
opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express 
no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated 
financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such 
procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that 
our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Brown, Edwards & Company, L.L.P.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1988. 

Blacksburg, Virginia 
April 14, 2020

Focus
1715 Pratt Drive, Suite 2700 • Blacksburg, VA 24060 • 540-443-3606 • Fax: 540-443-3610 • www.BEcpas.com

                Your Success 

is Our 

46

Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31, 2019 and 2018
(dollars in thousands except share and per share data) 

2019

2018

Assets

Cash and due from banks
Federal funds sold
Securities available for sale, at fair value
Securities held to maturity (fair value of $12,654 in 2019 and $15,503 in 2018)
Restricted equity securities, at cost
Loans held for sale, at fair value
Loans, net of unearned income
Less allowance for loan losses

Loans, net

Premises and equipment, net
Cash surrender value of life insurance
Goodwill
Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing
Interest-bearing

Total deposits

Other borrowings
Subordinated debentures, net of issuance costs
Other liabilities

Total liabilities

  $

  $

  $

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, no par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 5,658,585 and 
2,792,885 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income

 Noncontrolling interest
 Total stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

60,026    $
480     
108,571     
12,192     
8,134     
55,646     
646,834     
(4,572)    
642,262     

13,651     
14,734     
19,915     
25,200     
960,811    $

177,819    $
544,211     
722,030     

124,800     
9,800     
11,844     
868,474     

66,204     
252     
25,428    
229    
92,113     
224
92,337
960,811    $

15,026 
546 
38,047 
15,565  
5,138 
29,233 
414,868 
(3,580) 
411,288 

3,343 
8,455 
2,694 
10,255 
539,590 

88,265 
326,762 
415,027 

73,100 
9,766 
2,076 
499,969 

16,453 
252 
23,321

(618) 
39,408 
213
39,621
539,590 

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Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data) 

2019

2018

Interest income:
Interest and fees on loans
Interest on taxable securities
Interest on nontaxable securities
Interest on federal funds sold
Total interest income

Interest expense:
Interest on deposits
Interest on subordinated debentures
Interest on other borrowings

Total interest expense

Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income after provision for loan losses

Non-interest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts
Mortgage brokerage income
Gain on sale of mortgages
Income from investment in life insurance contracts
Other income

Total other income

Non-interest expenses:
Salaries and employee benefits
Occupancy and equipment expense
Data processing fees
Legal and other professional fees
Advertising fees
Debit card expenses
Communications
Audit and accounting fees
FDIC insurance expense
Director fees
Other contractual services
Other taxes and assessments
Other operating

Total other expenses

Income before income tax
Income tax expense 
Net income

Net Income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net Income attributable to Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.
Net Income available to common stockholders
Basic earnings per common share
Diluted earnings per common share

  $

27,090    $
3,552     
236     
10     
30,888     

6,209     
709
2,602
9,520

21,368
1,742
19,626

651
4,046
10,387
936
2,776
18,796

19,328
2,538
1,902
1,778
810
363
441
258
420
231
382
661
3,733
32,845

5,577
973
4,604

(24)
4,580
4,580
1.10
1.10

$

$
$
$
$

  $

  $
$
  $
  $

20,478 
1,650 
292 
17 
22,437 

3,511 
710 
930 
5,151 

17,285 
1,225 
16,060 

635 
2,724
4,541
200 
2,023 
10,123 

11,843 
1,614 
1,111 
413 
485 
290
401
143 
250 
190 
347
551 
2,826 
20,464 

5,720 
1,147 
4,573 

(13) 
4,560 
4,560
1.64 
1.64 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
 
   
      
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
 (dollars in thousands) 

Net income

2019

2018

  $

4,604    $

4,573 

Other comprehensive income (loss):
Gross unrealized gains (losses) on securities arising
       during the period
Adjustment for income tax (expense) benefit

Unrealized gains (losses) on interest rate swaps
Adjustment for income tax benefit

Less:
Reclassifications adjustment for gains included 
       in net income
Adjustment for income tax expense

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

1,767   
(370)
1,397

(245)
51
(194)

(451)
95
(356)

847

(275) 
57
(218)

— 
— 
—

(5)
1
(4)

(222)

Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income attributable to 
      noncontrolling interest
Comprehensive income attributable to 
      Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.

  $

5,451    $

4,351 

(24)

(13)

$

5,427

$

4,338

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

49

 
 
 
 
   
    
 
  
   
 
 
Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
(dollars in thousands) 

Common Stock 
& Related 
Surplus

Contributed 
Equity

Retained 
Earnings

Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income (Loss)

Noncontrolling 
Interest

  Unearned 
ESOP Shares  

Total

Balance, December 31, 2017

$

16,324

$

195

$

20,190

$

(324) $

200

$

(143)

$

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Reclassification of equity securities

Dividends on common stock ($0.54 per share)
Issuance of restricted common stock, net of 

forfeitures

Release of unearned ESOP shares

—

—

—

—

129

—

—

—

—

—

—

57

4,560

—

72

(1,501)

—

—

—

(222)

(72)

—

—

—

13

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

143

36,442

4,573

(222)

—

(1,501)

129

200

Balance, December 31, 2018

$

16,453

$

252

$

23,321

$

(618) $

213

$

— $

39,621

Net income

Other comprehensive income

Noncontrolling interest capital distributions

Dividends on common stock ($0.57 per share)
Issuance of common stock (1,536,731 shares), net 

of capital raise expenses

Issuance of common stock (1,312,919 shares)
Issuance of restricted common stock, net of 

forfeitures

—

—

—

—

22,119

27,402

230

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,580

—

—

(2,473)

—

—

—

—

847

—

—

—

—

—

24

—

(13)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,604

847

(13)

(2,473)

22,119

27,402

230

Balance, December 31, 2019

$

66,204

$

252

$

25,428

$

229

$

224

$

— $

92,337

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

50

  
  
  
Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
For the Years Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
(dollars in thousands) 

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion
Deferred income taxes
Provision for loan losses
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale, originated
Gain on sale of loans held for sale, originated
Gain on sale of securities
Loans held for sale, originated
(Gain) loss on disposal of premises and equipment
Loss on sale of other real estate owned
Investment amortization expense, net
Amortization of debt refinancing fees
Amortization of subordinated debt issuance costs
Amortization of other intangibles
Earnings on life insurance
Increase in other assets
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses
Non-cash equity compensation
Release of unearned ESOP shares

Net cash used in operating activities
Cash flows used in investing activities:
Net (increase) decrease in federal funds sold
Purchase of securities available for sale
Purchase of securities held to maturity
Proceeds from calls, maturities, sales, paydowns and maturities of 
    securities available for sale
Proceeds from calls, maturities, sales, paydowns and maturities of 
    securities held for investment
Purchase of insurance policies
Redemption of insurance policies
Net change in restricted equity securities
Net increase in loans held for investment
Net increase in loans held for sale, participations
Purchase of premises and equipment
Increase in Goodwill
Proceeds from sale of assets
 Capital calls of SBIC funds and other investments
 VCB acquisition, net of cash acquired
 Nonincome distributions from limited liability companies

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase in deposits
Common stock dividends paid
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Federal Home Loan Bank repayments
 Issuance of common stock
Noncontrolling interest distributions
 Repayment of contingent ESOP liability

Net cash provided by financing activities

Net increase in cash and due from banks
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period
Cash and due from banks at end of period

2019

2018

  $

4,604 

  $

4,573 

539 
(85)     

1,742 
352,700
(10,387)
(451)
(363,228 )     
(1)     
43
624 
— 
33 
455
(936)    
(9,439)    
8,471 
231
—
(15,085)    

66    

(70,737)
—

44,397  

3,280
(600)
1,058
(2,692)    
(59,743)    
(5,497)
(1,127)    
(613)    
13
(1,177)
(6,968)
160
(100,180)    

88,932 
(2,473)     

395,000
(343,300)     
22,119
(13)
—
160,265 
45,000    
15,026 
60,026 

  $

415 
(9) 
1,225 
161,764
(4,541)
(5)
(165,656)
(1)
—
239
63 
33
505
(200)
(2,766)
(537) 
129
200
(4,569)

(458)
(11,582)
(4,401)

5,274 

1,915
(600 )
—
(1,475)
(84,511)
(3,580)
(1,496)
(600)
17
(552)
—
97
(101,952)

75,737 
(1,501) 

185,300
(148,157) 

—
—
(151)
111,228 
4,707
10,319 
15,026 

  $

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

51

 
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Organization 

Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. (the "Company"), a Virginia corporation, was formed in 1988 and is registered as a 
bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. The Company is headquartered 
in Charlottesville, Virginia. The Company conducts its business activities primarily through the branch offices of its 
wholly owned subsidiary bank, Blue Ridge Bank, National Association (the "Bank"). The Company exists primarily 
for the purposes of holding the stock of its subsidiary, the Bank. 

The Bank operates under a national charter and is subject to regulation by the Office of the Comptroller of the 

Currency (the “OCC”).  Consequently, it undergoes periodic examinations by this regulatory authority. 

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are in accordance with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”)and conform to general practices within the banking industry. 

(a)    Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Blue 

Ridge Bank, N.A. (the “Bank”), PVB Properties, LLC, and MoneyWise Payroll Solutions, Inc. (net of 
noncontrolling interest) and were prepared in accordance with GAAP.  All material intercompany balances and 
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

(b)   Use of Estimates

In preparing consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP, management is required to make 
estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosures of 
contingent assets and contingent liabilities, as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported 
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 
Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to accounting for 
business combinations and impairment testing of goodwill, the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of deferred 
tax assets, other-than-temporary impairment, and the valuation of other real estate owned (“OREO”).

(c)   Accounting for Business Combinations

Business combinations are accounted for under the purchase method. The purchase method requires that the 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded, based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. 
The excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the net of the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed, including identifiable intangibles, is recorded as goodwill. 

(d)  Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due 

from banks and federal funds sold. Generally, federal funds are purchased and sold for one day periods. 

(e)  Investment Securities

Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at the time of purchase. If management has 

the intent and the Company has the ability at the time of purchase to hold securities until maturity, they are classified 
as held to maturity and carried at amortized historical cost. Securities not intended to be held to maturity are 
classified as available for sale and carried at fair value. Securities available for sale are intended to be used as part of 
the Company’s asset and liability management strategy and may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, 
prepayment risk or other similar factors.

Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on securities are reported as adjustments to interest 
income using the effective interest method.  Realized gains and losses on dispositions are based on the net proceeds 
and the adjusted book value of the securities sold using the specific identification method. Unrealized gains and 

52

losses on investment securities available for sale are based on the difference between book value and fair value of 
each security.  These gains and losses are credited or charged to shareholders’ equity, whereas realized gains and 
losses flow through the Company’s current earnings.

(f)     Loans Held for Sale

Mortgage loans originated or purchased and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of 

cost or estimated market value in the aggregate. The agreed upon sales price is considered fair value as all of these 
loans are under agreements to sell to investors at the time of origination.  This amount is generally the loan’s 
principal amount.  Changes in fair value are recognized in the Gain on Sale of Mortgages on the Consolidated 
Statements of Income.  The Company participates in a “mandatory” delivery program for its government guaranteed 
and conventional mortgage loans.  Under the mandatory delivery system, loans with interest rate locks are paired 
with the sale of a TBA mortgage-backed security bearing similar attributes.  Under the mandatory delivery program, 
the Bank commits to deliver loans to an investor at an agreed upon price prior to the close of such loans.  This 
differs from a “best efforts” delivery, which sets the sale price with the investor on a loan-by-loan basis when each 
loan is locked.

Loans held for sale includes the Bank’s commitment to purchase up to $30,000,000 in residential mortgage loan 

fundings originated by Northpointe Bank, a Michigan banking corporation.  The Bank reviews loan documentation 
for each specific mortgage prior to funding to ensure it conforms to the terms of the agreement.  The mortgages 
funded through this program must have already obtained a purchase commitment (takeout) from another financial 
institution as part of the conditions of the Bank’s funding.  

(g)    Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans receivable that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until loan 
maturity or pay-off are reported at their outstanding principal balance adjusted for any charge-offs, and net of the 
allowance for loan losses and deferred fees and costs. Loan origination fees and certain direct origination costs are 
deferred and amortized as an adjustment of the yield using the payment terms required by the loan contract. 

During 2019, as a result of the Company's acquisition of Virginia Community Bankshares (“VCB”), the loan 

portfolio was segregated between loans initially accounted for under the amortized cost method (referred to as 
"originated" loans) and loans acquired (referred to as "acquired" loans). The loans segregated to the acquired loan 
portfolio were initially measured at fair value and subsequently accounted for under either Accounting Standards 
Codification ("ASC") Topic 310-30 or ASC Topic 310-20. 

Purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans, which are the non-performing loans acquired in the Company's 
acquisition of VCB, are loans acquired at a discount (that is due, in part, to credit quality). These loans are initially 
recorded at fair value (as determined by the present value of expected future cash flows) with no allowance for loan 
losses. The Company accounts for interest income on all loans acquired at a discount (that is due, in part, to credit 
quality) based on the acquired loans' expected cash flows. The acquired loans may be aggregated and accounted for 
as a pool of loans if the loans being aggregated have common risk characteristics. A pool is accounted for as a single 
asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flow. The difference between the 
cash flows expected at acquisition and the investment in the loans, or the "accretable yield," is recognized as interest 
income utilizing the level-yield method over the life of each pool. Increases in expected cash flows subsequent to the 
acquisition are recognized prospectively through adjustment to any previously recognized allowance for loan loss 
for that pool of loans and then through an increase in the yield on the pool over its remaining life, while decreases in 
expected cash flows are recognized as impairment through a loss provision and an increase in the allowance for loan 
losses. Therefore, the allowance for loan losses on these impaired pools reflect only losses incurred after the 
acquisition (representing the present value of all cash flows that were expected at acquisition but currently are not 
expected to be received). 

The Company periodically evaluates the remaining contractual required payments due and estimates of cash 
flows expected to be collected for PCI loans. These evaluations, performed quarterly, require the continued use of 
key assumptions and estimates, similar to the initial estimate of fair value. Changes in the contractual required 
payments due and estimated cash flows expected to be collected may result in changes in the accretable yield and 
non-accretable difference or reclassifications between accretable yield and the non-accretable difference. On an 
aggregate basis, if the acquired pools of PCI loans perform better than originally expected, the Company would 
expect to receive more future cash flows than originally modeled at the acquisition date. For the pools with better 
than expected cash flows, the forecasted increase would be recorded as an additional accretable yield that is 
recognized as a prospective increase to the Company's interest income on loans. 

53

Loans are generally placed into nonaccrual status when they are past-due 90 days as to either principal or 
interest or when, in the opinion of management, the collection of principal and/or interest is in doubt. A loan 
remains in nonaccrual status until the loan is current as to payment of both principal and interest or past-due less 
than 90 days and the borrower demonstrates the ability to pay and remain current. Loans are charged-off when a 
loan or a portion thereof is considered uncollectible. When cash payments are received, they are applied to principal 
first, then to accrued interest. It is the Company's policy not to record interest income on nonaccrual loans until 
principal has become current. In certain instances, accruing loans that are past due 90 days or more as to principal or 
interest may not go on nonaccrual status if the Company determines that the loans are well secured and are in the 
process of collection. 

Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans, loans past due 90 days or more and OREO. 

The allowance for loan losses is increased or decreased by provisions for (reversal of) loan losses, increased by 

recoveries of previously charged-off loans, and decreased by loan charge-offs. 

The Company maintains the allowance for loan losses at a level that represents management's best estimate of 

known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio. Both the amount of the provision expense and the level of the 
allowance for loan losses are impacted by many factors, including general and industry-specific economic 
conditions, actual and expected credit losses, historical trends and specific conditions of the individual borrowers. 
As a part of the analysis, the Company uses comparative peer group data and qualitative factors such as levels of and 
trends in delinquencies, nonaccrual loans, charged-off loans, changes in volume and terms of loans, effects of 
changes in lending policy, experience and ability and depth of management, national and local economic trends and 
conditions and concentrations of credit, competition, and loan review results to support estimates. 

The Company also maintains an allowance for loan losses for acquired loans: (i) for loans accounted for under 
ASC 310-30, when there is deterioration in credit quality subsequent to acquisition, and  (ii) for loans accounted for 
under ASC 310-20, when the inherent losses in the loans exceed the remaining discount recorded at the time of 
acquisition. 

The allowance for loan losses consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to 

loans that are determined to be impaired and, therefore, individually evaluated for impairment. The Company 
determines and recognizes impairment of certain loans when, based on current information and events, it is probable 
that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the loan agreement. A loan is not 
considered impaired during a period of delay in payment if the Company expects to collect all amounts due, 
including past-due interest. The Company individually assigns loss factors to all loans that have been identified as 
having loss attributes, as indicated by deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower or a decline in 
underlying collateral value if the loan is collateral dependent. The Company evaluates the impairment of certain 
loans on a loan by loan basis for those loans that are adversely risk rated. Measurement of impairment is based on 
the expected future cash flows of an impaired loan, which are discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, or 
measured on an observable market value, if one exists, or the fair value of the collateral underlying the loan, 
discounted to consider estimated costs to sell the collateral for collateral-dependent loans. If the net collateral value 
is less than the loan balance (including accrued interest and any unamortized premium or discount associated with 
the loan) an impairment is recognized and a specific reserve is established for the impaired loan. Loans classified as 
loss loans are fully reserved or charged-off. 

In addition, the OCC, as part of its examination process, periodically reviews the Company's allowance for loan 

losses and may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on its risk evaluation and credit 
judgment. Management believes that the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2019 and 2018 is a reasonable 
estimate of known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio at those dates. 

Loans considered to be troubled debt restructuring ("TDRs") are loans that have their terms restructured 
(e.g., interest rates, loan maturity date, payment and amortization period, etc.) in circumstances that provide 
payment relief to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. All restructured loans are considered impaired loans 
and may either be in accruing status or nonaccruing status. Nonaccruing restructured loans may return to accruing 
status provided doubt has been removed concerning the collectability of principal and interest as evidenced by a 
sufficient period of payment performance in accordance with the restructured terms. Loans may be removed from 
the restructured category in the year subsequent to the restructuring if their revised loan terms are considered to be 
consistent with terms that can be obtained in the credit market for loans with comparable risk and if they meet 
certain performance criteria. 

54

(h)    Premises and Equipment

Land is carried at cost. Premises, furniture, equipment, and leasehold improvements are carried at cost less 
accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of premises, furniture and equipment is computed using 
the straight-line method over estimated useful lives from three to seven years. 

Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the 

improvements or the lease term. Purchased computer software which is capitalized is amortized over estimated 
useful lives of one to three years. Rent expense on operating leases is recorded using the straight-line method over 
the appropriate lease term. 

(i)   Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill, which represents the excess of purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired, is not amortized 
but is evaluated at least annually for impairment by comparing its fair value with its carrying amount. Impairment is 
indicated when the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. 

Goodwill arises from business combinations and is generally determined as the excess of the fair value of the 
consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of the 
net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a 
purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but tested for 
impairment at least annually or more frequently if events and circumstances exists that indicate that a goodwill 
impairment test should be performed. The Company will perform the annual impairment test annually during the 
fourth quarter. Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives to their 
estimated residual values. Goodwill is the only intangible asset with an indefinite life on our balance sheet. 

No impairment was recorded for 2019 and 2018. 

(j)    Other Real Estate Owned

Assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held for sale. At the time of acquisition, these 
properties are recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs, with any write down charged to the allowance for 
loan losses and any gain on foreclosure recorded in net income, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to 
foreclosure, valuations of the assets are periodically performed by management, and these assets are subsequently 
accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs. Adjustments are made for subsequent 
declines in the fair value of the assets less selling costs. Revenue and expenses from operations and valuation 
changes are charged to operating income in the year of the transaction. 

(k)    Bank Owned Life Insurance

The Company has purchased life insurance policies on certain key employees. Bank owned life insurance is 

recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance date, which is the cash 
surrender value. The increase in the cash surrender value over time is recorded as other non-interest income. The 
Company monitors the financial strength and condition of the counterparty. 

(l)   Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) Fund Income:

The Bank has an interest in several SBIC funds.  The Bank’s obligations to these funds are satisfied in the form 

of capital calls that occur during the commitment period. Two-thirds of income distributions from these funds are 
shown as a reduction to the Bank’s principal investment.  The remaining one-third is recognized as income until the 
investment principal has been recovered.  All distributions in excess of initial investment are recognized as income. 

(m)    Advertising Costs:

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

(n)  Earnings Per Share:

Accounting guidance specifies the computation, presentation and disclosure requirements for earnings per share 

(“EPS”) for entities with publicly held common stock or potential common stock such as options, warrants, 
convertible securities or contingent stock agreements if those securities trade in a public market.  Employee Stock 
55

Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) shares are considered outstanding for this calculation.  Basic EPS is computed by dividing 
net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  Diluted EPS is similar to the 
computation of basic EPS except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common 
shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive common shares had been issued.  The Company had no 
dilutive common shares outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

(o)   Financial Instruments:

The Bank has entered into commitments to extend credit in the ordinary course of business. Such financial 

instruments are recorded in the financial statements when funded.

(p)   Reclassified Amounts:

Certain amounts have been reclassified from prior year financial statements to ensure consistent presentation 

with current year amounts.  These reclassifications are for presentation purposes and have no impact on overall 
financial information.

(q)  Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 
(“ASU”) 2016-13, "Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial 
Instruments." The amendments in this ASU, among other things, require the measurement of all expected credit 
losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and 
reasonable and supportable forecasts. Financial institutions and other organizations will now use forward-looking 
information to better inform their credit loss estimates. Many of the loss estimation techniques applied today will 
still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full amount of expected credit 
losses. In addition, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and 
purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. As a “smaller reporting company” under Securities and 
Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules, the Company will be required to apply the guidance for fiscal years, and 
interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company has identified a third party 
vendor to assist in the measurement of expected credit losses under this standard. The Company is currently 
evaluating the implementation of ASU 2016-13 due to the change in implementation dates for smaller reporting 
companies. 

During January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): 

Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment”. The amendments in this ASU simplify how an entity is required to 
test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill 
impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that 
goodwill. Instead, under the amendments in this ASU, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill 
impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity still has the 
option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is 
necessary. Public business entities that are SEC filers should adopt the amendments in this ASU for annual or 
interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption was permitted 
for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company 
does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure 

Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” The amendments modify the 
disclosure requirements in Topic 820 to add disclosures regarding changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range 
and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements and the 
narrative description of measurement uncertainty. Certain disclosure requirements in Topic 820 are also removed or 
modified. 

The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within 

those fiscal years. Certain of the amendments are to be applied prospectively while others are to be applied 
retrospectively. Early adoption was permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2018-13 to have 
a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial 

Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments.” This ASU 
clarifies and improves areas of guidance related to the recently issued standards on credit losses, hedging, and 

56

recognition and measurement including improvements resulting from various Transition Resource Group Meetings. 
The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those 
fiscal years. Early adoption was permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact that ASU 2019-04 will 
have on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted 
Transition Relief.” The amendments in this ASU provide entities that have certain instruments within the scope of 
Subtopic 326-20 with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option in Subtopic 825-10, applied on an 
instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon the adoption of Topic 326. The fair value option 
election does not apply to held-to-maturity debt securities. An entity that elects the fair value option should 
subsequently measure those instruments at fair value with changes in fair value flowing through earnings. The 
amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal 
years. The amendments should be applied on a modified-retrospective basis by means of a cumulative-effect 
adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings balance in the balance sheet. Early adoption was permitted. 
The Company is currently assessing the impact that ASU 2019-05 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial 
Instruments – Credit Losses.” This ASU addresses issues raised by stakeholders during the implementation of ASU 
No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial 
Instruments.” Among other narrow-scope improvements, the new ASU clarifies guidance around how to report 
expected recoveries. “Expected recoveries” describes a situation in which an organization recognizes a full or partial 
write-off of the amortized cost basis of a financial asset, but then later determines that the amount written off, or a 
portion of that amount, will in fact be recovered. While applying the credit losses standard, stakeholders questioned 
whether expected recoveries were permitted on assets that had already shown credit deterioration at the time of 
purchase (also known as purchased credit-deteriorated (“PCD”) assets). In response to this question, the ASU 
permits organizations to record expected recoveries on PCD assets. In addition to other narrow technical 
improvements, the ASU also reinforces existing guidance that prohibits organizations from recording negative 
allowances for available-for-sale debt securities. The ASU includes effective dates and transition requirements that 
vary depending on whether or not an entity has already adopted ASU 2016-13. The Company is currently assessing 
the impact that ASU 2016-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements and is in the set up stage with 
expectations of running parallel for all of 2020 and all data has been archived under the current model.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Simplifying the Accounting 
for Income Taxes.” The ASU is expected to reduce cost and complexity related to the accounting for income taxes 
by removing specific exceptions to general principles in Topic 740 (eliminating the need for an organization to 
analyze whether certain exceptions apply in a given period) and improving financial statement preparers’ application 
of certain income tax-related guidance. This ASU is part of the FASB’s simplification initiative to make narrow-
scope simplifications and improvements to accounting standards through a series of short-term projects. For public 
business entities, such as the Company, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 
2020, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing 
the impact that ASU 2019-05 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, “Investments – Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments – 

Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) – Clarifying the 
Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815.” The ASU is based on a consensus of the Emerging 
Issues Task Force and is expected to increase comparability in accounting for these transactions. ASU 2016-01 
made targeted improvements to accounting for financial instruments, including providing an entity the ability to 
measure certain equity securities without a readily determinable fair value at cost, less any impairment, plus or 
minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar 
investment of the same issuer. Among other topics, the amendments clarify that an entity should consider observable 
transactions that require it to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting. For public business 
entities, the amendments in the ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2020, and interim 
periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted The Company is currently assessing the impact that 
ASU 2019-05 will have on its consolidated financial statements.

Note 3. Acquisition 

On December 15, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of VCB, the holding company for Virginia 
Community Bank, pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated May 13, 2019, between 
the Company and VCB.  Under the agreement, VCB’s shareholders had the right to receive, at the holder’s election, 

57

either $58.00 per share in cash or 3.05 shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to the allocation and 
proration procedures set forth in the agreement, plus cash in lieu of fractional shares.  

A summary of the assets received and liabilities assumed and related adjustments are as follows:

As Recorded by
Virginia 
Community

Bankshares, Inc. Adjustments

As Recorded by
Blue 
Ridge
Bankshares, Inc.

$

$

$

9,678,700 $
43,419,481
302,700
173,871,523
6,435,695
87,427
864,154
-
8,069,497
242,729,177 $

-

$

(470,191)(1)

-

(900,020)(2)
3,296,872(3)
(87,427)(4)

-

1,690,000(5)
549,976(6)

4,079,210

9,678,700
42,949,290
302,700
172,971,503
9,732,567
-
864,154
1,690,000
8,619,473
246,808,387

217,953,153
1,296,520
219,249,673 $

118,621(7)

-
118,621

218,071,774
1,296,520
219,368,294

27,440,093
44,048,371
16,608,278

$

Assets
Cash and due from banks
Investment securities available-for-sale
Restricted equity securities
Held-for-investment loans
Furniture, Fixtures, and equipment
Other Real Estate Owned
Accrued interest receivable
Core deposit intangible
Other assets
   Total assets acquired

Liabilities
Deposits
Other liabilities
   Total liabilities assumed

Net assets acquired
Total consideration paid
Goodwill

Explanation of adjustments:

(1) Adjustment to reflect estimated fair value of security portfolio.
(2) Adjustment  to  reflect  estimated  fair  value  and  credit  mark  on  loans  of  $(2,318,569),  and 

elimination of VCB’s allowance for loan and lease losses of $1,418,549.
(3) Adjustment to reflect estimated fair value of furniture, fixtures, and equipment.
(4) Adjustment to reflect estimated fair value of OREO.
(5) Adjustment to reflect recording of core deposit intangible.
(6) Adjustment to reflect estimated fair value of other assets and the recording of deferred taxes 

related to acquisition.

(7) Adjustment to reflect estimated fair value of deposits.

A summary of the consideration paid is as follows:

Common stock issued (1,312,919 shares)
Cash payments to common shareholders
   Total consideration paid

$

$

27,401,831
16,646,540
44,048,371

Below are the methods used to determine the fair values of the significant assets acquired and liabilities 

assumed in the acquisition. 

Cash and cash equivalents. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents was used as a reasonable estimate 

of fair value. 

Interest-bearing deposits. The carrying amount of interest-bearing deposits was used as a reasonable estimate of 

fair value. 

58

Investment securities available-for-sale. The estimated fair value of investment securities available-for-sale was 
based on proceeds received from sale of securities immediately after consummation of acquisition and quoted prices 
for those securities that remained in the portfolio. 

Restricted stock. The carrying amount of restricted stock was used as a reasonable estimate of fair value. These 

investments are carried at cost as no active trading market exists.         

Loans. The acquired loan portfolio was segregated into one of two categories for valuation purposes: PCI and 
performing loans. PCI loans were identified as those loans that were nonaccrual prior to the business combination 
and those loans that had been identified as potentially impaired. Potentially impaired loans were those loans that 
were identified during the credit review process where there was an indication that the borrower did not have 
sufficient cash flows to service the loan in accordance with its terms. Performing loans were those loans that were 
currently performing in accordance with the loan contract and do not appear to have any significant credit issues. 

For loans that were identified as performing, the fair values were determined using a discounted cash flow 
analysis (the "income approach"). Performing loans were segmented into pools based on loan type (commercial real 
estate, commercial and industrial, commercial construction, consumer residential and consumer nonresidential), and 
further segmented based on payment structure (fully amortizing, non-fully amortizing balloon, or interest only), rate 
type (fixed versus variable), and remaining maturity. The estimated cash flows expected to be collected for each 
loan was determined using a valuation model that included the following key assumptions: prepayment speeds, 
expected credit loss rates and discount rates. Prepayment speeds were influenced by many factors including, but not 
limited to, current yields, historic rate trends, payment types, interest rate type, and the duration of the individual 
loan. Expected credit loss rates were based on recent and historical default and loss rates observed for loans with 
similar characteristics, and further influenced by a credit review by management and a third party consultant on a 
selection of loans within the acquired portfolio. The discount rates used were based on rates market participants 
might charge for cash flows with similar risk characteristics at the acquisition date. These assumptions were 
developed based on management discussions and third party professional experience. 

For loans that were identified as PCI, either the above income approach was used or the asset approach was 

used. The income approach was used for PCI loans where there was an expectation that the borrower would more 
likely than not continue to pay based on the current terms of the loan contract. Management used the asset approach 
for all nonaccrual loans to reflect market participant assumptions. Under the asset approach, the fair value of each 
loan was determined based on the estimated values of the underlying collateral. 

The methods used to estimate the Level 3 fair values of loans are extremely sensitive to the assumptions and 
estimates used. While management attempted to use assumptions and estimates that best reflected the acquired loan 
portfolios and current market conditions, a greater degree of subjectivity is inherent in these values than in those 
determined in active markets. 

The difference between the fair value and the expected cash flows from acquired loans will be accreted to 
interest income over the remaining term of the loans in accordance with ASC Topic 310-30, "Loans and Debt 
Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality." See Note 5 for further details. 

Premises and equipment. The land and buildings acquired were recorded at fair value as determined by current 

appraisals and tax assessments at acquisition date. 

Other real estate owned.  OREO was recorded at fair value based on an existing purchase contract. 

Core deposit intangible.  Core deposit intangibles ("CDI") are measures of the value of noninterest checking, 

savings, interest-bearing checking, and money market deposits that are acquired in a business combination 
excluding certificates of deposit with balances over $250,000 and high yielding interest bearing deposit accounts, 
which the Company determines customer related intangible assets as non-existent. The fair value of the CDI 
stemming from any business combination is based on the present value of the expected cost savings attributable to 
the core deposit funding, relative to an alternative funding source. The CDI is being amortized over an estimated 
useful life of 10 years to approximate the existing deposit relationships acquired. 

Deposits.  The fair values of deposit liabilities with no stated maturity (non-interest checking, savings, interest-
bearing checking, and money market deposits) are equal to the carrying amounts payable on demand. The fair values 
of the certificates of deposit represent contractual cash flows, discounted to present value using interest rates 
currently offered by market participants on deposits with similar characteristics and remaining maturities. 

59

The fair value estimates are subject to change for up to one year after the closing date of the transaction if 

additional information relative to closing dates fair value becomes available.

Note 4. Investment Securities and Other Investments

Investment securities available for sale are carried in the consolidated balance sheets at their fair value and 
investment securities held to maturity are carried in the consolidated balance sheets at their amortized cost.  The 
amortized cost and fair values of investment securities at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are as follows:  

(Dollars in thousands)
Available for sale
U.S. Treasury and agencies
Mortgage backed securities
Corporate bonds

Held to maturity
State and municipal
Total Investment Securities

(Dollars in thousands)
Available for sale
State and municipal
U.S. Treasury and agencies
Mortgage backed securities
Corporate bonds

Held to maturity
State and municipal
Total Investment Securities

December 31, 2019

Gross
Unrealized
Gains 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses 

Amortized
Cost

2,500    $
94,983     
10,554
108,037    $

12,192    $
120,229 $

—    $
654     
87
741    $

464     $
$

1,205

51     $
152    
4
207   $

2     $
$

209

December 31, 2018

Gross
Unrealized
Gains 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses 

Amortized
Cost

1,000 $
3,375   
28,976     
5,477
38,828    $

15,565    $
54,393 $

$

3
—   
22     
78
103    $

78     $
$
181

— $
208    
628    
48
884   $

140     $
$

1,024

  $

  $

  $
$

$

  $

  $
$

Fair
Value 

2,449 
95,485 
10,637
108,571 

12,654 
121,225

Fair
Value 

1,003
3,167 
28,370 
5,507
38,047 

15,503 
53,550

The Company had no securities pledged with the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond (“FRB”) for the years 

ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, securities with a market value of $11.8 million and $16.2 million were 

pledged to secure public deposits with the Treasury Board of Virginia at the Community Bankers' Bank. 

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, securities with a market value of $55.7 million and $9.8 million were pledged 

to secure the Bank’s line of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”).

The following table shows fair value and gross unrealized losses, aggregated by investment category and length 
of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively. The reference point for determining when securities are in an unrealized loss position is month-end. 
Therefore, it is possible that a security's market value exceeded its amortized cost on other days during the past 
twelve-month period. Securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position are as follows:

60

  
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
   
   
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
   
   
      
      
      
  
 
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2019

State and Municipal
U.S. Treasury and 

Agency

Mortgage backed
Corporate bonds
Total

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2018

State and Municipal
U.S. Treasury and 

Agency

Mortgage backed
Corporate bonds
Total

Less than 12 Months

12 Months or Greater    

Total

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

  $

333 

 $

(2)

 $

— 

 $

— 

 $

333 

 $

— 

27,901 
— 
28,234 

— 

(82)
— 
(84)

1,949 

5,348 
896 
8,193 

(51)

(70)
(4)
(125)

1,949 

33,249 
896 
36,427 

(2)

(51)

(152)
(4)
(209)

Less than 12 Months

    12 Months or Greater    

Total

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

  $

6,278 

 $

(105)

 $

2,402 

 $

(35)

 $

8,680 

 $

- 

10,031 
2,114 
18,423 

- 

(51)
(36)
(192)

3,167 

17,173 
488 
23,230 

(208)

(577)
(12)
(832)

3,167 

27,204 
2,602 
41,653 

(140)

(208)

(628)
(48) 
(1,024)

The amortized cost and fair value of securities at December 31, 2019, by contractual maturity are shown below.  

Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may  have the right to call or prepay 
obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

(Dollars in thousands)

Due in one year or less
Due after one year through five years
Due after five years
Due after ten years
Total

December 31, 2019

Securities Available for Sale
Amortized
Cost

Fair 
Value 

Securities Held to Maturity
Amortized 
Cost 

Fair
Value 

$

— $

2,500   
18,670     
86,867

  $

108,037    $

— $

2,508   
18,659     
87,404
108,571    $

$

460
2,584    
3,764    
5,384
12,192   $

460
2,628 
3,913 
5,653
12,654 

Proceeds from sales, calls and maturities of available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities during 2019 and 2018 were 

$44.4 million and $5.3 million, resulting in a gain of $451 thousand and $5 thousand, respectively.  

During 2019 and 2018, held-to-maturity securities with book values of $3.3 million and $1.9 million, 

respectively, were either called or matured resulting in no gain or loss for either year.

Restricted investments (in thousands) consist of stock in the FHLB (carrying basis $6,012), Federal Reserve 

stock (carrying basis $963), Community Bankers’ Bank stock (carrying basis of $248), and various other 
investments (carrying basis $911) for total restricted investments of $8.1 million. 

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment on a quarterly basis, and more frequently 
when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the 
extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the 
issuer, and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time 
sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.  In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, 
management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether 
downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition. No 
declines are deemed to be other-than-temporary as management has the ability and intent to hold debt securities until 
maturity, or for the foreseeable future if classified as AFS.

61

 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
   
Note 5. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans held for investment outstanding at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial
Agricultural
Real estate – construction, commercial
Real estate – construction, residential
Real estate – mortgage, commercial
Real estate – mortgage, residential
Real estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans
Gross loans
Less: Unearned income
Total

December 31, 
2019 

December 31, 
2018

  $

  $

77,282 
446 
38,039 
26,778 
251,824 
208,494 
5,507 
39,202 
647,572 
(738)
646,834 

  $

  $

49,076 
216 
14,666 
15,102 
150,513 
149,856 
4,179 
31,979 
415,587 
(719)
414,868

The Company has pledged loans held for investment (in thousands) as collateral for borrowings with the FHLB 

totaling $146,075 and $104,791 as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

During 2019, as a result of the Company’s acquisition of VCB, the acquired loan portfolio was initially 
measured at fair value and subsequently accounted for under either ASC Topic 310-30 or ASC 310-20.  The 
outstanding principal balance and related carrying amount of these acquired loans included in the consolidated 
statement of condition as of December 31, 2019 is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Purchased credit impaired acquired VCB loans evaluated individually for future credit losses  
    Outstanding principal balance
    Carrying amount

 $

Other acquired VCB loans
    Outstanding principal balance
    Carrying amount

Total acquired VCB loans
    Outstanding principal balance
    Carrying amount

December 31, 
2019 

1,504
1,315

172,279
170,151

173,783
171,466

The following table presents changes for the year ended December 31, 2019 in the accretable yield on the VCB 

purchased credit impaired loans for which the Company applies ASC 310-30:

(Dollars in thousands)

    Balance at January 1, 2019
    Accretable yield at acquisition date
    Accretion
    Other changes, net
    Balance at December 31, 2019

December 31, 
2019 

 $

 $

—
190
(3)
1
188

62

 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment of past due loans as of December 31, 2019 

and December 31, 2018: 

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial
Real estate – construction, 

commercial

Real estate – construction, 

residential

Real estate – mortgage, 

commercial

Real estate – mortgage, 

residential

Agricultural & Farmland
Consumer installment loans
Less: Unearned income

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial
Real estate – construction, 

commercial

Real estate – construction, 

residential

Real estate – mortgage, 

commercial

Real estate – mortgage, 

residential

Agricultural & Farmland
Consumer installment loans
Less: Unearned income

30-59 Days
Past Due  

60-89 Days
Past Due  

December 31, 2019

Greater than
90 Days Past 
Due
& Accruing  

Total Past 
Due &
Nonaccrual  

Current
Loans

Total
Loans

  Nonaccrual  

  $

1,652    $

—    $

—    $

441    $

2,093    $

75,189    $

77,282 

820   

241   

3,194   

319     
—   
894     
—   
7,120    $

—   

—   

—   

217     
—   
408   
—   
625    $

  $

—     

929     

1,749     

36,290     

38,039 

—   

—     

241     

26,537     

26,778 

—     

1,931     

5,125      246,699      251,824 

369     
—   
—     
—   
369    $

713     
—   
776     
—   
4,790    $

December 31, 2018

1,618      206,876      208,494 
5,953 
39,202 
(738)
12,904    $ 633,930    $ 646,834  

5,953     
37,124     
(738)    

—     
2,078     
—     

30-59 Days
Past Due  

60-89 Days
Past Due  

Greater than
90 Days Past 
Due
& Accruing  

Total Past 
Due &
Nonaccrual  

Current
Loans

Total
Loans

  Nonaccrual  

  $

280    $

29    $

—    $

312    $

621    $

48,455    $

49,076 

—   

—   

—   

—     

979     

979     

13,687     

14,666 

—     

231   

—     

231     

14,871     

15,102 

218     

441     

430     

2,441     

3,530      146,983      150,513 

760     
123   
1,017     
—   
2,398    $

7     
—     
408     
—   
885    $

  $

1,079     
309   

4     
—   
2,053    $

1,441     
—     
357     
—   
5,530    $

3,287      146,569      149,856 
4,395 
31,979 
(719)
10,866    $ 404,002    $ 414,868  

3,963     
30,193     
(719)    

432     
1,786     
—     

A summary of changes in the allowance for loans losses for December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is as 

follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Allowance, beginning of period
Charge-Offs

Commercial and industrial
Real estate, mortgage
Consumer and other loans

Total charge-offs
Recoveries

Real estate, mortgage
Consumer and other loans

Total recoveries
Net charge-offs (recoveries)
Provision for loan losses
Allowance, end of period

December 31, 
2019

December 31, 
2018

3,580     $

2,802  

(43)   $
(4)  
(914)  
(961)  

6 
205    
211  
(750)  
1,742    
4,572     $

(5)
(13)
(545)
(563)

12  
104  
116
(447)
1,225 
3,580  

   $

   $

   $

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
    
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
The following tables summarize the primary segments of the ALLL, segregated into the amount required for 
loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment 
as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

December 31, 2019

(Dollars in thousands)
ALLL Balance
   December 31, 2018
Charge-offs
Recoveries
Provision
ALLL Balance
   December 31, 2019

Individually evaluated
   for impairment
Collectively evaluated
   for impairment

(Dollars in thousands)
ALLL Balance
   December 31, 2017
Charge-offs
Recoveries
Provision
ALLL Balance
   December 31, 2018

Individually evaluated
   for impairment
Collectively evaluated
   for impairment

Commercial
and
Industrial

Real Estate-
Construction
Commercial   

Real Estate-
Construction
Residential   

Real Estate-
Mortgage
Commercial   

Real 
Estate-
Mortgage
Residential   

Agricultural
&

Farmland    

Consumer
Installment
Loans

    Total  

 $

 $

 $

572   $
(43) 
—   
312    

841   $

112  $
—  
—  
108   

220  $

56   
—   
—  
4   

1,180   $
(3)  
—    
427    

434   $
(1) 
6   
71   

13   $
—    
—    
(4) 

1,213   $3,580 
(961)
(914)  
205    
211 
824     1,742 

60  $

1,604   $

509   $

9   $

1,329   $4,572 

143   

—  

—   

98   

—   

—   

—    

241 

698   $

220  $

60  $

1,506   $

509   $

9   $

1,330   $4,331  

December 31, 2018

Commercial
and
Industrial

Real Estate-
Construction
Commercial   

Real Estate-
Construction
Residential   

Real Estate-
Mortgage
Commercial   

Real 
Estate-
Mortgage
Residential    

Agricultural
&

Farmland   

Consumer
Installment
Loans

    Total  

 $

 $

494   $
(5) 
—   
83    

93  $
—  
—  
19   

36   
—   
—  
20   

809  $
—   
12   
359   

405   $
(13) 
—   
42   

13  $
—   
—   
—  

952   $2,802 
(563)
(545)  
104    
116 
702     1,225 

572   $

112  $

56  $

1,180  $

434   $

13  $

1,213   $3,580 

—   

—  

—   

—  

—   

—  

—     — 

 $ 

572    $

112   $

56   $

1,180   $

434   $ 

13  $ 

1,213   $ 3,580  

A summary of the loan portfolio individually and collectively evaluated for impairment (in thousands) for 

December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31,  2019
Commercial and industrial
Agricultural
Real Estate – construction, commercial
Real Estate – construction, residential
Real Estate – mortgage, commercial
Real Estate – mortgage, residential 
Real Estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans 
Gross loans
Less:  Unearned income
                        Total

Individually 
Evaluated for 
Impairment  

Collectively
 Evaluated for
 Impairment  

   $

$

280      $
— 
—     
—     
733 
395     
—     
—     
1,408     
—
1,408

$

77,002
446
38,039
26,778
251,091
208,099
5,507
39,202
646,164
(738)
645,426

Total

77,282
446
38,039
26,778
251,824
208,494
5,507
39,202
647,572
(738)
646,834

$

$

64

 
 
 
 
   
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
      
    
 
      
      
 
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
    
 
     
      
 
  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2018
Commercial and industrial
Agricultural
Real Estate – construction, commercial
Real Estate – construction, residential
Real Estate – mortgage, commercial
Real Estate – mortgage residential 
Real Estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans 
Gross loans
Less:  Unearned income
                        Total

Individually 
Evaluated for 
Impairment  

Collectively
 Evaluated for
 Impairment  

   $

$

—      $
—     
—     
—     

1,258 

688     
—     
—     
1,946     
—
1,946

$

49,076
216
14,666
15,102
149,255
149,168
4,179
31,979
413,641
(719)
412,922

Total

49,076
216
14,666
15,102
150,513
149,856
4,179
31,979
415,587
(719)
414,868

$

$

The following table presents information related to impaired loans, by portfolio segment, at the dates presented.

Recorded 
Investment 

Unpaid Principal 
Balance

Related 
Allowance 

Average 
Recorded 
Investment

Interest 
Income 
Recognized  

December 31, 2019

(Dollars in thousands)
With no specific allowance 

recorded:

Real estate – mortgage, 

residential

With an allowance 

recorded:

Commercial and industrial
Real estate – mortgage, 

commercial

(Dollars in thousands)
With no specific 

allowance recorded:
Real estate – mortgage, 

  $

395 

  $

395 

  $

—  

  $

527 

  $

7   

280

733 

280

733 

$

1,408

$

1,408

$

143

98 

241

286

734 

$

1,547

$

2

5  

14

December 31, 2018

Recorded 
Investment 

Unpaid 
Principal 
Balance

Related 
Allowance 

Average 
Recorded 
Investment

Interest 
Income 
Recognized  

residential

  $

1,946 

  $

1,946 

  $

—  

  $

2,067 

  $

64   

With an allowance 

recorded:

— 
1,946

$

— 
1,946

$

$

—  
— $

— 
2,067

$

—
64

65

  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
    
Purchased loans from the 2016 River Bancorp, Inc. acquisition had remaining balances (in thousands) of 
$19,686 and 34,672 as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.  Of these balances, three loan 
relationships were considered specifically impaired PCI loans.  One of these relationships was resolved during 2018 
and the Company recovered $200 of the balance previously written-off.  During the first quarter of 2019, another 
loan relationship was resolved and the Company recovered $200 of the balance previously written-off.  At 
December 31, 2019, the remaining specifically impaired PCI loans totaled $2,270 with a specific impairment of 
$190. The following table presents the recorded investment in the segments of the River Bancorp, Inc. purchased 
loans as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

(Dollars in thousands)
Real Estate
   Construction loans and all land development and other land loans
   Secured by farmland
   Revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential
   properties and extended under lines of credit
   Secured by first liens
   Secured by junior liens
   Secured by multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
   Loans secured by owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential 
   properties
   Loans secured by other nonfarm nonresidential properties 
Commercial and Industrial
Other revolving credit plans
Automobile loans
Other consumer loans
                        Total

December 31, 
2019

December 31, 
2018

   $

1,397 $

1,522
—                   319

2,709
6,971
394
63

4,459
2,322
1,272
26
10
63
19,686 $

3,376
10,448
505
250

7,344
6,239
4,457
89
30
93
34,672

$

66

   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
The following table shows the Company’s loan portfolio broken down by internal loan grade as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial
Agricultural
Real Estate – construction, commercial
Real Estate – construction, residential
Real Estate – mortgage, commercial
Real Estate – mortgage residential
Real Estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans
Gross loans
Less:  Unearned income
                        Total

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial
Agricultural
Real Estate – construction, commercial
Real Estate – construction, residential
Real Estate – mortgage, commercial
Real Estate – mortgage residential
Real Estate – mortgage, farmland
Consumer installment loans
Gross loans
Less:  Unearned income
                        Total

Grade
1
Prime

Grade
2

Grade
3

Grade
4

Grade
5

Desirable    

Good    

Acceptable   

Pass/Watch    

Grade
6
Special
Mention    

Grade
7

Substandard   

Total

December 31, 2019

  $

1,509    $
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
1,467   
293   
3,269   

924    $
118   
1,454   
139   
4,971   
4,611   
134   
72   
12,423   

35,012    $
168   
24,667   
9,355   
  118,488   
  100,665   
1,736   
17,872   
  307,963   

37,298    $
160   
10,850   
14,331   
114,598   
98,116   
2,170   
20,067   
297,590   

568    $
—   
102   
2,953   
9,273   
3,470   
—   
116   
16,482   

1,488    $
—   
—   
—   
1,935   
130   
—   
—   
3,553   

483    $
—   
966   
—   
2,559   
1,502   
—   
782   
6,292   

    $

77,282 
446 
38,039 
26,778 
251,824 
208,494 
5,507 
39,202 
647,572 
738 
646,834  

Grade
1
Prime

Grade
2

Grade
3

Grade
4

Grade
5

Desirable    

Good    

Acceptable   

Pass/Watch    

Grade
6
Special
Mention    

Grade
7

Substandard   

Total

December 31, 2018

     $

9   
—   
—   
—   
—   
1,700   
213   
1,966   

2,660    $
99   
485   
—   
1,920   
3,647   
100   
29   
8,940   

21,009    $
105   
7,118   
4,305   
82,097   
76,496   
1,340   
16,174   
  208,644   

24,254    $

3   
5,937   
5,059   
53,487   
63,397   
730   
15,081   
167,948   

797    $
—   
106   
5,738   
8,470   
3,805   
—   
123   
19,039   

—    $
—   
—   
—   
1,668   
522   
—   
—   
2,190   

312    $
—   
1,020   
—   
2,871   
1,989   
309   
359   
6,860   

    $

49,076 
216 
14,666 
15,102 
150,513 
149,856 
4,179 
31,979 
415,587 
719 
414,868  

67

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of 
borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, collateral 
adequacy, credit documentation, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans 
individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis typically includes larger, non-homogeneous loans 
such as commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans. This analysis is performed on an ongoing basis 
as new information is obtained. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: 

Risk Grade 1 – Prime Loans:  This grade is reserved for only the strongest of loans. These loans are to 

individuals or corporations that are well known to the bank and are always secured with an almost guaranteed source 
of repayment such as a lien on a bank certificate of deposit or savings account. Character, credit history, and ability 
of individuals or company principals are excellent and unquestioned. Source of income and industry of borrower 
appears stable. High liquidity, minimum risk, good ratios and low handling cost.

Risk Grade 2 – Desirable Loans:  This grade is reserved for new loans that are within guidelines and where 

the borrowers have documented significant overall financial strength. A liquid financial statement is generally a 
financial statement with substantial liquid assets, particularly relative to the debts. These loans have excellent 
sources of repayment, with no significant identifiable risk of collection, and conform in all respects to policy, 
guidelines, underwriting standards, and federal and state regulations (no exceptions of any kind).

Risk Grade 3 – Good Loans: This grade is reserved for loans which exhibit satisfactory credit risk. These 
loans have adequate sources of repayment, with little identifiable risk of collection. Generally, loans assigned this 
risk grade will demonstrate the following characteristics: (1) conformity in all respects with policy, guidelines, 
underwriting standards, and federal and state regulations (no exceptions of any kind), (2) documented historical cash 
flow that meets or exceeds required minimum Blue Ridge Bank guidelines, or that can be supplemented with 
verifiable cash flow from other sources, and (3) adequate secondary sources to liquidate the debt, including 
combinations of liquidity, liquidation of collateral, or liquidation value to the net worth of the borrower or guarantor.

Risk Grade 4 – Acceptable Loans: This grade is given to satisfactory loans containing more risk than Risk 
Grade 3 loans. These loans have adequate sources of repayment, with little identifiable risk of collection. Loans 
assigned this risk grade will demonstrate the following characteristics: (1) general conformity to Blue Ridge Bank's 
underwriting requirements, with limited exceptions to policy, product or underwriting guidelines. All exceptions 
noted have documented mitigating factors that offset any additional risk associated with the exceptions noted,
(2) documented historical cash flow that meets or exceeds required minimum guidelines, or that can be 
supplemented with verifiable cash flow from other sources, and (3) adequate secondary sources to liquidate the debt, 
including combinations of liquidity, liquidation of collateral, or liquidation value to the net worth of the borrower or 
guarantor.

Risk Grade 5 – Pass/Watch Loans:  This grade is for satisfactory loans containing acceptable but elevated 
risk. These loans are characterized by borrowers who have a marginal cash flow, marginal profitability, or have 
experienced an unprofitable year and declining financial condition. The borrower has in the past satisfactorily 
handled debts with the bank, but in recent months has either been late, delinquent in making payments, or made 
sporadic payments. While the bank continues to be adequately secured, margins have decreased or are decreasing, 
despite the borrower’s continued satisfactory condition. These loans require more diligent monitoring due to 
characteristics such as:  (1) additional exceptions to Blue Ridge Bank's policy requirements, product guidelines or 
underwriting standards that present a higher degree of risk, (2) unproved, insufficient or marginal primary sources of 
repayment that appear sufficient to service the debt at this time, and (3) marginal or unproven secondary sources to 
liquidate the debt, including combinations of liquidation of collateral and liquidation value to the net worth of the 
borrower or guarantor.

Risk Grade 6 – Special Mention:  This grade is for loans classified as Special Mention. They have potential 

weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in 
deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution's credit position at some future date. 
Special Mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant 
adverse classification. Special mention credits typically exhibit underwriting guideline tolerances and/or exceptions 
with no mitigating factors, or emerging weaknesses that may or may not be cured as time passes.

Risk Grade 7 – Substandard:  A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current sound net worth 
and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified as substandard must have a 

68

well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt; they are characterized by the 
distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loans consistently 
not meeting the repayment schedule should be downgraded to substandard. Loans in this category are characterized 
by deterioration in quality exhibited by any number of well-defined weaknesses requiring corrective action. The 
weaknesses may include, but are not limited to: (1) high debt to worth ratios, (2) declining or negative earnings 
trends, (3) declining or inadequate liquidity, (4) improper loan structure, (5) questionable repayment sources, (6) 
lack of well-defined secondary repayment source, and (7) unfavorable competitive comparisons. Such loans are no 
longer considered to be adequately protected due to the borrower's declining net worth, lack of earnings capacity, 
declining collateral margins and/or unperfected collateral positions. A possibility of loss of a portion of the loan 
balance cannot be ruled out. The repayment ability of the borrower is marginal or weak and the loan may have 
exhibited excessive overdue status or extensions and/or renewals.

Risk Grade 8 – Doubtful:  Loans classified Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified 
Substandard, plus the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of 
currently existing facts, conditions, and values highly questionable and improbable. However, these loans are not yet 
rated as loss because certain events may occur which would salvage the debt. Among these events are: (1) injection 
of capital, (2) alternative financing, (3) liquidation of assets or the pledging of additional collateral, and (4) the 
ability of the borrower to service the debt is extremely weak, overdue status is constant, the debt has been placed on 
non-accrual status, and no definite repayment schedule exists. Doubtful is a temporary grade where a loss is 
expected but is presently not quantified with any degree of accuracy. Once the loss position is determined, the 
amount is charged off.

Risk Grade 9 – Loss:  Loans classified Loss are considered uncollectable and of such little value that their  

continuance as assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or 
salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this worthless loan even though 
partial recovery may be effected in the future. Probable Loss portions of Doubtful assets should be charged against 
the reserve for loan losses. Loans may reside in this classification for administrative purposes for a period not to 
exceed the earlier of thirty (30) days or calendar quarter-end.

There were no loans classified as Doubtful or Loss at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Note 6. Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment is summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Buildings and land
Construction in progress
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
Software
  Total Cost
Less:  Accumulated depreciation
  Total, net of depreciation

2019

2018

$

$

12,535
443
3,411
   354
16,743
(3,092)
13,651

$

$

3,109
—
2,977
   377
6,463
(3,120)
3,343

Depreciation expense for 2019 and 2018 was $539 thousand and $415 thousand, respectively.

69

Note 7. Goodwill and Intangibles

The balance in goodwill is the result of a branch acquisition in Charlottesville in 2011, the acquisition of River 

Bancorp, Inc. in 2016, the acquisition of a mortgage line of business in 2018, the 35% acquisition of Hammond 
Insurance Agency, Incorporated in 2019, and the acquisition of Virginia Community Bankshares, Inc. in 2019.  The 
purpose of these acquisitions was to expand the geographic service area by targeting attractive markets with 
potential to provide continued balance sheet growth and new opportunities for the Company.  Bank management 
will evaluate at least annually the recorded value of the goodwill.  In accordance with GAAP, the Company is not 
amortizing goodwill.  In the event the asset suffers a decline in value based on criteria established in governing 
accounting standards, an impairment will be recorded. 

Goodwill

2019

2018

Charlottesville Branch Acquisition
River Bancorp, Inc. Acquisition
Mortgage Business Acquisition
Hammond Insurance Acquisition 
Virginia Community Bankshares, Inc. Acquisition

$

$

366,300
1,727,864
600,000
612,500
16,608,278
19,914,942

$

$

366,300
1,727,864
600,000
—
—
2,694,164

Information concerning amortizable intangibles included in other assets on the balance sheet is as follows:

Amortizable Intangibles

2019

2018

Customer-Based Intangible – MoneyWise Payroll
Customer Based Intangible – Hammond Insurance
Customer Based Intangible – LenderSelect 
Core Deposit Intangible – River Community Bank
Core Deposit Intangible – Virginia Community Bank
Other

$

$

541,272
374,986
720,489
211,036
1,690,000
180,536
3,718,319

$

$

738,098
—
—
437,954
—
136,863
1,312,915

The estimated amortization expense for the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
    Total

$

$

  869,635
  716,913
564,949
379,624
341,916
845,282
3,718,319

Note 8. Deposits

The aggregate amounts of certificates of deposit, with a minimum denomination of $250,000, were $82.8 

million and $39.1 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  

Time deposits include brokered deposits purchased through the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service 
(“CDARS”).  The balance of these time deposits was $2.2 million and $1.2 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively.  As long as the Bank maintains its current rating through CDARS rating service, it may purchase 
deposits up to 15% of its assets as of the most recent quarter end.  At December 31, 2019, the Bank could have 
purchased up to approximately $144.2 million in deposits through CDARS.  The decision to utilize this funding 
depends on the Bank’s liquidity needs and the pricing of CDARS deposits compared to other potential funding 
sources.

70

At December 31, 2019, the scheduled maturities of time deposits are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025 and beyond
    Total

$

$

  114,408
  57,115
20,843
27,811
38,851
1,927
260,955

Brokered deposits totaled $30.6 million and $84.4 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  
Additionally, deposits obtained through the certificate of deposit listing service, QwickRate, totaled $19.2 million 
and $10.4 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Note 9. Other Borrowed Funds 

The Bank has a line of credit from the FHLB secured by the Bank’s real estate loan portfolio and certain 
pledged securities.  The FHLB will lend up to 30% of the Bank’s total assets at the prior quarter end, subject to 
certain eligibility requirements, including adequate collateral. The Bank had borrowings from FHLB that totaled 
$124.8 million and $73.1 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  The interest rate on the borrowings 
range from 1.69% to 2.49% depending on structure and maturity.  The borrowings also required the Bank to own 
$6.0 million of FHLB stock.  This amount is included with restricted investments on the consolidated balance 
sheets. 

The principal on FHLB borrowings matures as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

2020

Maturities

$

124,800

At December 31, 2019, 1-4 family residential loans with a lendable value of $44.9 million, multi-family 
residential loans with a lendable value of $9.6 million, commercial real estate loans with a lendable value of 
$49.2 million, and securities with a lendable value of $58.2 million were pledged against an available line of credit 
with the FHLB totaling $220.6 million as of December 31, 2019. The Bank has a letter of credit with the FHLB in 
the amount of $10.0 million for the purpose of collateral against Virginia public deposits. 

The Company has unsecured lines of credit with correspondent banks totaling $24.0 million at December 31, 
2019 and $19.0 million at December 31, 2018, available for overnight borrowing. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
none of these lines of credit with correspondent banks was drawn upon. 

Note 10. Subordinated Debt 

The Company entered into a Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement with 14 institutional accredited investors 

under which the Company issued an aggregate of $10.0 million of subordinated notes (the “Notes”) to the 
institutional accredited investors on November 20, 2015.  The Notes have a maturity date of December 1, 2025.  The 
Notes bear interest, payable on the 1st of June and December of each year, commencing June 1, 2016, at a fixed rate 
of 6.75% per year for the first five years, and thereafter will bear a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 512.8 basis 
points.  The Notes are not convertible into common stock or preferred stock and are not callable by the holders.  The 
Company has the right to redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty, at any interest payment 
date on or after December 1, 2020 and prior to the maturity date, but in all cases in a principal amount with integral 
multiples of $1,000, plus interest accrued and unpaid through the date of redemption.  If an event of default occurs, 
such as the bankruptcy of the Company, the holder of a Note may declare the principal amount of the Note to be due 
and immediately payable.  The Notes are unsecured, subordinated obligations of the Company and will rank junior 
in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future senior indebtedness.  The Notes qualify as Tier 2 capital 
for regulatory reporting.

71

The Company incurred issuance costs totaling $339 thousand as part of the transaction.  These costs are being 
amortized over the life of the Notes.  The following table summarizes the balance of the Notes and related issuance 
costs at December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(Dollars in thousands)
Subordinated debt
Unamortized issuance costs
Subordinated debt, net

2019

2018

$

$

10,000
(200)
9,800

$

$

10,000
(233)
9,767

Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Company enters into interest rate swap agreements (‘‘swap agreements’’) to facilitate the risk management 
strategies needed in order to accommodate the needs of its banking customers. The Company mitigates the risk of 
entering into these loan agreements by entering into equal and offsetting swap agreements with a highly rated third-
party financial institution. This back-to-back swap agreement is a free-standing derivative and is recorded at fair value 
in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets (asset positions are included in other assets and liability positions are 
included in other liabilities) as of December 31, 2019.  There were no such agreements outstanding as of December 
31, 2018.

(Dollars in thousands)
Interest Rate Swap Agreement
   Receive Fixed/Pay Variable Swaps
   Pay Fixed/Receive Variable Swaps

December 31, 2019

Notional Amount

Fair Value

   $

2,145
2,145   

$

185
(185) 

The Company entered into three cash flow hedges as defined by ASC 815-20 during 2019.  The objective of this 
interest rate swap was to hedge the risk of variability in its cash flows attributable to changes in the 3-month LIBOR 
benchmark rate component of forecasted 3-month fixed rate funding advances from the FHLB.  The hedging objective 
was to reduce the interest rate risk associated with the Company’s fixed rate advances from the designation date and 
going through the maturity date.  The identified hedge layers are summarized as follows, (in thousands):

3-Month LIBOR
Hedged Notional

$
$
$

15,000 $
25,000 $
10,000 $

Cash & Securities
Exposure Hedged
15,000
25,000
10,000

Period Hedged

From
July 1, 2019
August 2, 2019
August 29, 2019

To

July 1, 2022
February 2, 2023
August 29, 2023

Each layer has a variable receive leg of 3-month LIBOR and a fixed pay leg of 1.80%.  The Company has the 
intent and ability to fund the three-month rate advances during the term of these cash flow hedges.   The Company 
had cash collateral with the counterparty of $880 thousand as of December 31, 2019.

The Bank also participates in a “mandatory” delivery program for its government guaranteed and conventional 
mortgage loans held for sale.  Under the mandatory delivery system, loans with interest rate locks are paired with the 
sale of a to be announced mortgage-backed security bearing similar attributes.  Under the mandatory delivery program, 
the Bank commits to deliver loans to an investor at an agreed upon price prior to the close of such loans.  This differs 
from a “best efforts” delivery, which sets the sale price with the investor on a loan-by-loan basis when each loan is 
locked.

Note 12. Employee Benefit Plans

The Company has a 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan that covers eligible employees.  Employees may make voluntary 
contributions subject to certain limits based on federal tax laws. The Bank matches 100 percent of an employee’s 
contribution up to 5% of his or her salary following one year of continuous service and the benefits vest immediately. 
The Company’s Board of Directors may make additional contributions at its discretion.  Employees become eligible 

72

 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
to participate in the discretionary contributions after one year of continuous service and the benefits vest over a five-
year period.  For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, total expenses attributable to this plan were $700,221 
and $364,653, respectively.  

In 2013, the Company established an ESOP that covers eligible employees.  Benefits in the plan vest over a five-
year period.  Contributions to the plan are made at the discretion of the Board of Directors and may include both the 
matching component to employees’ elective deferrals into the 401(k) plan and discretionary profit contributions. The 
plan held 79,800 total shares of Company common stock at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.  All shares 
issued to and held by the plan are considered outstanding in the computation of EPS. The plan or the Company is 
required to purchase shares from separated employees at a price determined by a third-party appraisal. 

Note 13. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has granted restricted stock awards to employees under the Company’s Equity Incentive Plan.  The 
restricted stock awards are considered fixed awards as the number of shares and fair value is known at the date of 
grant  and  the  fair  value  at  the  grant  date  is  amortized  over  the  vesting  period.    Non-cash  compensation  expense 
recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to restricted stock awards, net of estimated forfeitures, 
was $231 thousand and $129 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.   The fair value 
of restricted stock awards at December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $1.3 million and $933 thousand, respectively.

Note 14. Fair Value

The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties in 
the  principal  or  most  advantageous  market  for  the  asset  or  liability  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market 
participants on the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in 
many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where 
quoted  market  prices  are  not  available,  fair  values  are  based  on  estimates  using  present  value  or  other  valuation 
techniques.

Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of 
future  cash  flows.  Accordingly,  the  fair  value  estimates  may  not  be  realized  in  an  immediate  settlement  of  the 
instrument. Accounting guidance for fair value excludes certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments 
from  its  disclosure  requirements.  Accordingly,  the  aggregate  fair  value  amounts  presented  may  not  necessarily 
represent the underlying fair value of the Company.

The Company records fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and determines fair value disclosures 
utilizing a definition of fair value of assets and liabilities that states that fair value is an exit price, representing the 
amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market 
participants. Additional considerations are involved to determine the fair value of financial assets in markets that are 
not active.

The Company uses a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques 
are  observable  or  unobservable.  Observable  inputs  reflect  market  data  obtained  from  independent  sources,  while 
unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy based on 
these two types of inputs are as follows:

Level 1 –  Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
Level 2 –  Valuation is based on observable inputs including quoted prices in active markets for similar 
assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in less active 
markets, and model-based valuation techniques for which significant assumptions can be 
derived primarily from or corroborated by observable data in the market.

Level 3 –  Valuation  is  based  on  model-based  techniques  that  use  one  or  more  significant  inputs  or 

assumptions that are unobservable in the market.

The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain financial assets and 

liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the financial statements:

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities

Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation 
hierarchy. Level 1 securities would include highly liquid government bonds, mortgage products and exchange traded 
equities.  If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted 
prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flow. Level 2 securities would include U.S. agency 
securities, mortgage-backed agency securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions and certain corporate, 
asset backed and other securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to 
the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. The carrying value of restricted FRB 
and FHLB stock approximates fair value based upon the redemption provisions of each entity and is therefore excluded 
from the following table.

The following tables present the balances of financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

(Dollars in thousands)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Treasury and agencies
Mortgage backed securities
Corporate bonds
Total securities available for sale

(Dollars in thousands)
Available for sale securities
State and municipal
U.S. Treasury and agencies
Mortgage backed securities
Corporate bonds
Total securities available for sale

Total

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

December 31, 2019

2,449    $
95,485     
10,637
108,571    $

—    $
—     
—
—    $

2,449    $
95,485    
10,637
108,571   $

Total

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

December 31, 2018

1,003 $
3,167   
28,370     
5,507
38,047    $

— $
—   
—     
—
—    $

$

1,003
3,167   
28,370    
5,507
38,047   $

— 
— 
—
— 

—
— 
— 
—
— 

  $

  $

$

  $

Certain financial assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP.  Adjustments 
to the fair value of these assets usually result from the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-
downs of individual assets.

The  following  describes  the  valuation  techniques  used  by  the  Company  to  measure  certain  financial  assets 

recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the financial statements.

Loans Held for Sale

Mortgage loans originated or purchased and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of 
cost or estimated market value in the aggregate. The agreed upon sales price is considered fair value as all of these 
loans are under agreements to sell to investors at the time of origination.  This amount is generally the loan’s principal 
amount.  Changes in fair value are recognized in the Gain on Sale of Mortgages on the Consolidated Statements of 
Income.

Other Real Estate Owned

Certain assets such as OREO are measured at fair value less cost to sell. Valuation of OREO is determined using 
current  appraisals  from  independent  parties,  a  level  two  input.  If  current  appraisals  cannot  be  obtained  prior  to 
reporting dates, or if declines in value are identified after a recent appraisal is received, appraisal values are discounted, 
resulting in Level 3 estimates. If the Company markets the property with a realtor, estimated selling costs reduce the 
fair value, resulting in a valuation based on Level 3 inputs.

The Company markets OREO both independently and with local realtors. Properties marketed by realtors are 

discounted by selling costs. Properties that the Company markets independently are not discounted by selling costs. 

74

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
   
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s OREO that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis 

during the period.

(Dollars in thousands)

Other real estate owned

(Dollars in thousands)

Other real estate owned

Total

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

December 31, 2019

— $

— $

— $

—

Total

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

December 31, 2018

134 $

— $

— $

134

$

$

Fair Value At
December 31, 
2019

Valuation Technique

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Range

Other real estate owned

$

— Discounted appraised value

Discounted for selling costs

N/A

Fair Value At
December 31, 
2018

Valuation Technique

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Range

Other real estate owned

$

134 Discounted appraised value

Discounted for selling costs

15%-35%

Note 15. Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts, of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019

(Dollars in thousands)
Financial Assets
  Cash and short-term investments
  Federal funds sold
  Investment securities
  Loans held for sale
  Net loans held for investment
  Accrued interest receivable
  Bank-owned life insurance

$

Financial Liabilities
  Deposits
  Other borrowed funds
  Subordinated debt, net
  Accrued interest payable 

$

Carrying 
Amount

60,026
480
128,897
55,646
642,262
2,590
14,734

722,030
124,800
9,800
706

Quoted 
Prices in 
Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Assets 
(Level 1)

60,026
480
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

75

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2)

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs
(Level 3)

Fair Value 

$

$

-
-
129,359
55,646
-
2,590
14,734

542,805
124,971
-
706

$

-
-
-
-
643,878
-
-

168,736
-
9,874
-

60,026
480
129,359
55,646
643,878
2,590
14,734

711,541
124,971
9,874
706

  
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
(Dollars in thousands)
Financial Assets
  Cash and short-term investments
  Federal funds sold
  Investment securities
  Loans held for sale
  Net loans held for investment
  Accrued interest receivable
  Bank-owned life insurance

$

Financial Liabilities
  Deposits
  Other borrowed funds
  Subordinated debt, net
  Accrued interest payable 

Carrying 
Amount

15,026
546
58,750
29,233
411,288
1,769
8,455

415,027
73,100
9,766
395

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018

Quoted 
Prices in 
Active 
Markets for 
Identical 
Assets 
(Level 1)

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2)

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs
(Level 3)

Fair Value 

$

$

15,026
546
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

$

-
-
58,688
29,233
-
1,769
8,455

323,280
73,113
-
395

$

-
-
-
-
404,888
-
-

81,070
-
9,766
-

15,026
546
58,688
29,233
404,888
1,769
8,455

404,350
73,113
9,766
395

Note 16. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).  ASU 2014-
09 is a comprehensive revenue recognition model that requires a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer 
of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for 
those goods or services.   

Interest income, loan fees, realized securities gains and losses, bank owned life insurance income, SBIC income, 
and mortgage banking revenue are not in the scope of ASC Topic 606.  All of the Company’s revenue from contracts 
with customers in the scope of ASC Topic 606 is recognized within noninterest income in the consolidated statements 
of income.  Incremental costs of obtaining a contract are expensed when incurred when the amortization period is one 
year or less.  

A description of the Company’s significant sources of revenue accounted for under ASC Topic 606 is as follows:

Service  fees  on  deposit  accounts  are  fees  charged  to  deposit  customers  for  transaction-based,  account 
maintenance  and  overdraft  services.    Transaction-based  fees,  which  are  earned  based  on  specific  transactions  or 
customer activity within a customer’s deposit account, are recognized at the time the related transaction or activity 
occurs, as it is at this point when the customer’s request has been fulfilled.  Account maintenance fees, which relate 
primarily to monthly maintenance, are earned over the course of a month, representing the period over which the 
performance  obligation  was  satisfied.    Overdraft  fees  are  recognized  when  the  overdraft  occurs.    Service  fees  on 
deposit accounts are paid through a direct charge to the customer’s account.

Bank card revenue is comprised of interchange revenue and ATM fees.  Interchange revenue is earned when 
bank  debit  and  credit  cardholders  conduct  transactions  through  VISA,  MasterCard,  and  other  payment  networks.  
Interchange fees represent a percentage of the underlying cardholder’s transaction value and are generally recognized 
daily, concurrent with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder.  ATM fees are earned when a 
non-Bank cardholder uses a Bank ATM.  ATM fees are recognized daily, as the related ATM transactions are settled.  

Payroll processing income is comprised of fees charged to customers for payroll services through MoneyWise 

Payroll Solutions, Inc., of which the Bank owns a controlling interest.   

The following table illustrates our total non-interest income segregated by revenues within the scope of ASC 

Topic 606 and those which are within the scope of other ASC Topics:

Year Ended 

76

(Dollars in thousands)
Service fees on deposit accounts
Bank card revenue
Payroll processing income
   Revenue from contracts with customers
Non-interest income within scope of other ASC topics
   Total noninterest income

$

$

December 31,

2019

2018

651 $
572
980 
2,203
16,593
18,796 $

635
514
1,015
2,164
7,959
10,123

Contract Balances  A contract asset balance occurs when an entity performs a service for a customer before 

the customer pays consideration (resulting in a contract receivable) or before payment is due (resulting in a contract 
asset). A contract liability balance is an entity's obligation to transfer a service to a customer for which the entity has 
already received payment (or payment is due) from the customer. The Company's noninterest revenue streams are 
largely based on transactional activity. Consideration is often received immediately or shortly after the Company 
satisfies its performance obligation and revenue is recognized. The Company does not typically enter into long-term 
revenue contracts with customers, and therefore, does not experience significant contract balances. As of 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not have any significant contract balances. 

Contract Acquisition Costs In connection with the adoption of ASC Topic 606, an entity is required to 

capitalize, and subsequently amortize into expense, certain incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer 
if these costs are expected to be recovered. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are those costs that an 
entity incurs to obtain a contract with a customer that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been 
obtained (for example, sales commission). The Company utilizes the practical expedient which allows entities to 
immediately expense contract acquisition costs when the asset that would have resulted from capitalizing these costs 
would have been amortized in one year or less. The Company did not capitalize any contract acquisition cost during 
the years ended December 31, 2019 or 2018.

77

Note 17. Leases

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)” and all subsequent ASUs that 
modified Topic 842. The Company elected the prospective application approach provided by ASU 2018-11 and did 
not adjust prior periods for ASC 842. The Company also elected certain practical expedients within the standard and 
consistent with such elections did not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, did not 
reassess  the  lease  classification  for  any  expired  or  existing  leases,  and  did  not  reassess  any  initial  direct  costs  for 
existing  leases.  The  implementation  of  the  new  standard  resulted  in  recognition  of  a  right-of-use  asset  and  lease 
liability of $7.0 million at the date of adoption, which is related to the Company’s lease of premises used in operations. 
The  right-of-use  asset  and  lease  liability  are  included  in  other  assets  and  other  liabilities,  respectively,  in  the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments and are presented at each reporting 
date as the net present value of the remaining contractual cash flows. Cash flows are discounted at the Company’s 
incremental  borrowing  rate  in  effect  at  the  commencement  date  of  the  lease.  Right-of-use  assets  represent  the 
Company’s right to use the underlying asset for the lease term and are calculated as the sum of the lease liability and 
if applicable, prepaid rent, initial direct costs and any incentives received from the lessor.

The Company’s long-term lease agreements are classified as operating leases. Certain of these leases offer the 
option to extend the lease term and the Company has included such extensions in its calculation of the lease liabilities 
to the extent the options are reasonably assured of being exercised. The lease agreements do not provide for residual 
value guarantees and have no restrictions or covenants that would impact dividends or require incurring additional 
financial obligations.

The following tables present information about the Company’s leases:

(Dollars in thousands)
Lease liabilities
Right-of-use assets, net
Weighted average remaining lease term
Weighted average discount rate

Lease Cost (in thousands)

Operating lease cost
Total lease cost

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement
    of lease liabilities

December 31, 2019 

$
$

 6,742 
 6,620 
   6.04 years
  2.75%

Year Ended 
December 31,

2019

2018

1,523 $
1,523 $

817
817

1,441 $

817

$
$

$

A maturity analysis of operating lease liabilities and reconciliation of the undiscounted cash flows to the total of 

operating lease liabilities is as follows:

Lease payments due (in thousands)
Three months ending December 31, 2020
Twelve months ending December 31, 2021
Twelve months ending December 31, 2022
Twelve months ending December 31, 2023
Twelve months ending December 31, 2024
Twelve months ending December 31, 2025
Thereafter
Total undiscounted cash flows
Discount
Lease liabilities

78

As of
December 31, 2019 

$

$

1,395 
1,327 
1,114 
991  
655 
492 
1,603 
7,577 
(835)
6,742 

 
 
 
 
Note 18. Minimum Regulatory Capital Requirements

In August 2018, the Federal Reserve updated the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement (the 
"Statement"), in compliance with the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 
("EGRRCPA"). The Statement, among other things, exempts bank holding companies that have below a specified 
asset threshold from the consolidated regulatory capital requirements. The interim final rule expands the exemption 
to bank holding companies with consolidated total assets of less than $3 billion. Prior to August 2018, the Statement 
exempted bank holding companies with consolidated total assets of less than $1 billion. As a result of the interim 
final rule, the Company qualifies as of August 2018 as a small bank holding company and is no longer subject to 
regulatory capital requirements on a consolidated basis. 

Banks and bank holding companies are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the 

federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, possibly 
additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank's 
financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, 
financial institutions must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, 
and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. A financial institution's 
capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk 
weightings, and other factors. 

The final rules implementing Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's capital guidelines for U.S. banks (the 

“Basel III rules”) became effective for the Bank on January 1, 2015 with full compliance with all of the 
requirements being phased in over a multi-year schedule, and fully phased in by January 1, 2019. As a part of the 
new requirements, the Common Equity Tier 1 Capital ratio is calculated and utilized in the assessment of capital for 
all institutions. The Company has made an election to not have the net unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale 
securities included in computing regulatory capital. Under the Basel III rules, the Bank must hold a capital 
conservation buffer above the adequately capitalized risk-based capital ratios. The capital conservation buffer was 
phased in from 0.625% for 2016 to 2.50% by 2019. The capital conservation buffer for 2019 and beyond is 2.50%. 
Management believes as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Bank meets all capital adequacy requirement to which 
it is subject. 

Prompt corrective action regulations provide five classifications: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, 
undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized, although these terms are not used to 
represent overall financial condition. If adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to accept brokered 
deposits. If undercapitalized, capital distributions are limited, as is asset growth and expansion, and capital 
restoration plans are required. At year-end 2019 and 2018, the most recent regulatory notification categorized the 
Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or 
events since that notification that management believes have changed the institution's category. 

Federal and state banking regulations place certain restrictions on dividends paid by the Company. The total 

amount of dividends which may be paid at any date is generally limited to retained earnings of the Company. 
Pursuant to the EGRRCPA, regulators have provided for an optional, simplified measure of capital adequacy, the 
community bank leverage ratio ("CBLR") framework, for qualifying community bank organizations. Banks that 
qualify may opt in to the CBLR framework beginning January 1, 2020 or any time thereafter. The CBLR framework 
eliminates the four required capital ratios disclosed below and requires the disclosure of a single leverage ratio, with 
a minimum requirement of 9%. 

In response to the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, President Trump signed into law Coronavirus 
Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) on March 27, 2020.  Among other things, the CARES 
Act directs federal banking agencies to adopt interim final rules to lower the threshold under the CBLR from 9% to 
8% and to provide a reasonable grace period for a community bank that falls below the threshold to regain 
compliance, in each case until the earlier of the termination date of the national emergency or December 31, 2020.  
In April 2020, the federal banking agencies issued two interim final rules implementing this directive.  One interim 
final rule provides that, as of the second quarter 2020, banking organizations with leverage ratios of 8% or greater 
(and that meet the other existing qualifying criteria) may elect to use the CBLR framework.  It also establishes a 
two-quarter grace period for qualifying community banking organizations whose leverage ratios fall below the 8% 
CBLR requirement, so long as the banking organization maintains a leverage ratio of 7% or greater.  The second 
interim final rule provides a transition from the temporary 8% CBLR requirement to a 9% CBLR requirement.  It 
establishes a minimum CBLR of 8% for the second through fourth quarters of 2020, 8.5% for 2021, and 9% 

79

thereafter, and maintains a two-quarter grace period for qualifying community banking organizations whose 
leverage ratios fall no more than 100 basis points below the applicable CBLR requirement.  The Company is 
evaluating whether to opt in to the CBLR framework.

The Bank continues to be subject to various capital requirements administered by banking agencies. Risk based 

capital ratios for the Bank as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are shown in the following table:

Actual

Amount
$000s

Ratio

For Capital
Adequacy Purposes (1)
Amount
$000s

Ratio

To Be Well Capitalized
Under the Prompt Corrective
Action Provisions

Amount
$000s

Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2019
Total risk based capital
(To risk rated assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   79,911   

11.82%  $   71,007   

10.50%  $   67,626   

10.00%

Tier I capital

(To risk rated assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.
Common equity tier 1 capital

(To risk rated assets)

$   75,339   

11.14%  $   57,482   

8.50%  $   54,101   

8.00%

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   75,339   

11.14%  $   47,338   

7.00%  $   43,957   

6.50%

Tier I capital

(To average assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   75,339   

8.00%  $   61,216   

6.50%  $   47,090   

5.00%

Actual

Amount
$000s

Ratio

For Capital
Adequacy Purposes (1)
Amount
$000s

Ratio

To Be Well Capitalized
Under the Prompt Corrective
Action Provisions

Amount
$000s

Ratio

(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2018
Total risk based capital
(To risk rated assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   48,811   

12.11%  $   39,790   

9.875%  $   40,294   

10.00%

Tier I capital

(To risk rated assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.
Common equity tier 1 capital

(To risk rated assets)

$   45,231   

11.23%  $   31,731   

7.875%  $   32,235   

8.00%

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   45,231   

11.23%  $   25,687   

6.375%  $   26,191   

6.50%

Tier I capital

(To average assets)

Blue Ridge Bank, N.A.

$   45,231   

8.89%  $   20,342   

4.000%  $   25,428   

5.00%

(1) Except with regard to the Bank’s Tier 1 to average assets ratio, the minimum capital requirement includes 
the phased-in portion of the Basel III Capital Rules capital conservation buffer as of the applicable date.

Dividend Restrictions—The Company's principal source of funds for dividend payments is dividends received 
from the Bank. Banking regulations limit the amounts of dividends that may be paid without approval of regulatory 
agencies. As of December 31, 2019, $13.6 million of retained earnings is available to pay dividends.

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
Note 19. Related Party Transactions 

During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, officers, directors, and principal shareholders and their 
related interests were customers of and had transactions with the Bank. These transactions were made in the ordinary 
course of business, on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the 
time for comparable loans with persons not related to the Bank, and did not involve more than the normal risk of 
collectibility or present other unfavorable features. Loan transactions to such related parties are shown in the following 
schedule:

(Dollars in thousands)

Total loans, beginning of year
Advances
Curtailments
Total loans, end of year

$

$

2019

9,608
7,916
(3,356) 
14,168

$

$

2018

11,811
4,180
(6,383) 
9,608

The Bank held related party deposits of approximately $9.5 million and $5.5 million at December 31, 2019 and 

2018, respectively.

Note 20. Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS for the years ended December 31, 2019 

and 2018:

(Dollars in thousands) 
Net income
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income available to common shareholders

Weighted average common shares
Effect of dilutive securities
Diluted average common shares

Earnings per common share
Diluted earnings per common share

For the years ended 
December 31,

2019

2018

  $

  $

  $
  $

4,604    $
(24)    
4,580    $

4,147     
—     
4,147     

1.10    $
1.10    $

4,573 
(13)
4,560 

2,779 
— 
2,779 

1.64 
1.64 

81

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
  
Note 21. Income Taxes

A reconciliation between the amount of total income taxes and the amount computed by multiplying income by 

the applicable federal income tax rates is as follows:

2019

2018

Income taxes computed at the applicable federal income tax rate
Tax exempt municipal income
Income from life insurance
Nondeductible merger expenses
Nondeductible core deposit intangible amortization
Other, net
Income Tax Expense

$

$

1,088
(74)
(196)
188
—
(33)
973

The current and deferred components of income tax expense are as follows:

Current tax expense
Deferred tax benefit
Income Tax Expense

2019

1,058
(85)
973

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,201
(89)
(42)
—
65
12
1,147

2018

(1,156)
(9)
1,147

Deferred  tax  assets  have  been  provided  for  temporary  differences  related  to  the  allowance  for  loan  losses, 
recognition of loan fee income, adjustments related to the acquisition of VCB, and deferred compensation agreements.  
Deferred  tax  liabilities  have  been  provided  for  temporary  differences  related  to  depreciation,  unrealized  securities 
gains, prepaid expenses, and adjustments related to the acquisition of VCB.

The net deferred tax asset was made up of the following:

Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities
Net Deferred Tax (Liability) Asset

2019

2018

$

$

1,637
(2,389)
(752)

$

$

939
(434)
505

This amount has been included as part of other liabilities on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 and other 

assets on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2018. 

The federal and Virginia income tax returns of the Company for 2016 to 2019 are subject to examination by the 

Internal Revenue Service and the Virginia Department of Taxation.  

82

Note 22. Business Segments

The  Company  utilizes  its  subsidiaries  and  divisions  to  provide  multiple  business  segments  including  retail 
banking,  mortgage  banking,  and  payroll  processing  services.    Revenues  from  retail  banking  operations  consist 
primarily of interest earned on loans and investment securities and service charges on deposit accounts.  Mortgage 
banking operating revenues consist principally of gains on sales of loans in the secondary market, loan origination fee 
income and interest earned on mortgage loans held for sale.  Revenues from payroll processing services consist of 
fees charged to customers for payroll services.

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2019

Blue
Ridge
Bank
Mortgage
Division  

Blue Ridge
Bank 

MoneyWise
Payroll

Solutions, Inc.   Parent Only  Eliminations  

Blue Ridge
Bankshares,
Inc.
Consolidated

  $

29,640    $

1,243     $

—     $

5    $

—    $

30,888

651   

—    

—   

14,433    

—   

—    

2,649   
32,940   

—    
15,676   

8,132

1,742
13,518

2,558
25,950

6,990
1,153
5,837

679

—
5,438

8,959
15,076

600
162
438

$

$

—    

—    

980   

—   
980   

—

—
372

457
829

151
30
121

— $

— $

(24)

5,837

$

438

$

97

—   

—    

—   

110   
115    

709

—
—

1,570
2,279

(2,164)
(372)
(1,792)

$

—   

—   

—   

(28)   
(28)    

—

—
—

(28)
(28)

—
—
— $

651

14,433

980

2,731
49,683

9,520

1,742
19,328

13,516
44,106

5,577
973
4,604

— $

— $

(24)

(1,792)

$

— $

4,580

$

$

$

$

$

$

(Dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
Interest income
Service charges on 
deposit accounts
Mortgage banking 

income, net

Payroll processing 

revenue

Other operating 

income
Total income
Expenses:
Interest expense
Provision for loan 

losses

Salary and benefits
Other operating 

expenses
Total expense
Income (loss) before 

income taxes

Income tax expense
Net income (loss)
Net (income) loss 
attributable to 
noncontrolling 
interest

Net income (loss) 

attributable to Blue 
Ridge Bankshares

83

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
 
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2018

Blue
Ridge
Bank
Mortgage
Division  

Blue Ridge
Bank 

MoneyWise
Payroll

Solutions, Inc.   Parent Only  Eliminations  

Blue Ridge
Bankshares,
Inc.
Consolidated

  $

21,909    $

521     $

—     $

7    $

—    $

22,437

635   

—    

—   

—   

1,233   
23,777   

4,441

1,225
6,153

5,868
17,687

6,090
1,222
4,868

$

7,265    

—    

—    
7,786   

—

—
5,284

1,983
7,267

519
115
404

$

—    

—    

1,015   

—   
1,015   

—

—
406

528
934

81
14
67

— $

— $

(13)

4,868

$

404

$

54

$

$

$

$

$

$

—   

—    

—   

4   
11    

710

—
—

271
981

—   

—   

—   

(28)   
(28)    

—

—
—

(28)
(28)

(970)
(204)
(766)

$

—
—
— $

635

7,265

1,015

1,209
32,561

5,151

1,225
11,843

8,622
26,841

5,720
1,147
4,573

— $

— $

(13)

(766)

$

— $

4,560

(Dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
Interest income
Service charges on 
deposit accounts
Mortgage banking 

income, net

Payroll processing 

revenue

Other operating 

income
Total income
Expenses:
Interest expense
Provision for loan 

losses

Salary and benefits
Other operating 

expenses
Total expense
Income (loss) before 

income taxes

Income tax expense
Net income (loss)
Net (income) loss 
attributable to 
noncontrolling 
interest

Net income (loss) 

attributable to Blue 
Ridge Bankshares

Note 23.  Supplemental Cash Flow Information

(Dollars in thousands)
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
   Cash paid for:
      Interest on deposits and borrowed funds
      Income taxes
   Noncash investing and financing activities:
      Unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale
      Initial right of use asset – operating leases
      Initial lease liability – operating leases
      Assets acquired in acquisition
      Liabilities assumed in acquisition

For the years ended
December 31,

2019

2018

  $

9,090   $
1,020  

4,985 
1,350 

1,767  
7,763  
6,742  

246,808
219,368

(275)
— 
—
—
— 

84

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 24. Parent Company Only Financial Statements

The Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. (Parent Company only) condensed financial statements are as follows:

PARENT COMPANY ONLY CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
December 31, 2019 and 2018
(in thousands)

Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents
Investment in subsidiary
Other investments
Income tax receivable
Other assets
    Total Assets

 Liabilities
Accrued expenses
Subordinated debt, net of issuance costs
    Total Liabilities

Stockholders’ Equity
Total Liabilities and Equity

2019

2018

  $

   $

  $

$
  $

934    $
100,330    

911   
  306     
30     
102,511     $

374    $

9,800
10,174

92,337

$
102,511    $

27 
48,688
670 
—  
58 
49,443 

56 
9,767
9,823

39,620
49,443 

PARENT COMPANY ONLY CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the Years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
(in thousands)

Income
Dividends from subsidiary
Interest income
Gains on securities
    Total Income

Expenses
Interest on subordinated notes
Professional fees
Merger expenses
Other operating expenses
     Total expenses

Net income (loss) before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed 
   earnings of subsidiary
Income tax benefit
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary
Net income

2019

2018

  $

$

$

$

$
$
  $
$

—    $
5    

110   
115

$

$
709
294      

1,250   
27
2,280

$

(2,165) $
(372) $
6,397    $
$
4,604

1,990 
7
4 
2,001 

710
197 
— 
74
981

1,020
(204)
3,349 
4,573

85

 
 
   
 
   
   
   
      
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
PARENT COMPANY ONLY CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
(in thousands)

Cash flows From Operating Activities
Net income
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense
Amortization of subordinated debt issuance costs
Realized gains on securities sales
Release of unearned ESOP shares
Change in other assets and liabilities
   Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
Cash flows From Investing Activities
Purchases of securities available-for-sale
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
Cash contributed to banking subsidiary
   Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
Cash flows From Financing Activities
Common stock issuance
Dividends paid in cash
Repayment of contingent ESOP liability
    Net cash provided by financing activities
    Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

2019

2018

  $

4,604    $
(6,397)    
(19)  
33
110
— 
(206)
(1,875 )  

(161)
66
(17,000)
(17,095)

22,350
(2,473)
—
19,877

907   
27
934

$

$

4,573 
(3,349)
7 
34 
(4) 
199 
(53)
1,407 

(25)
113
—
88

128
(1,501)
(151)
(1,524)
(29) 
56
27

86

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Note 25. Legal Matters

On August 12, 2019, a former employee of VCB and participant in its Employee Stock Ownership Plan (the 

“ESOP”) filed a class action complaint against VCB, Virginia Community Bank, and certain individuals associated 
with the ESOP in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Virginia, Charlottesville Division (Case No. 
3:19-cv-00045-GEC). The complaint alleges, among other things, that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties 
to ESOP participants in violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended. The 
complaint alleges that the ESOP incurred damages “that approach or exceed $12 million.” The Company 
automatically assumed any liability of VCB in connection with this litigation as a result of the Company’s 
acquisition of VCB.  The outcome of this litigation is uncertain, and the plaintiff and other individuals may file 
additional lawsuits related to the ESOP.  The defense, settlement, or adverse outcome of any such lawsuit or claim 
could have a material adverse financial impact on the Company.

Note 26. Subsequent Events

In response to the public health crisis arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company is continuing to 
closely monitor the impact the outbreak is having on its customers.  The Company’s business is dependent upon the 
willingness and ability of its customers to conduct banking and other financial transactions. Since the beginning of 
January 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak has caused significant disruption in the financial markets both globally and 
in the United States. The resulting impacts on consumers, including the sudden increase in the unemployment rate, 
is expected to cause changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing needs and saving habits, which will 
likely affect the demand for loans and other products and services the Company offers, as well as the 
creditworthiness of potential and current borrowers.  Borrower loan defaults that adversely affect the Company’s 
earnings correlate with deteriorating economic conditions, which, in turn, may impact borrowers’ creditworthiness 
and the Bank’s ability to make loans.

The use of quarantines and social distancing methods to curtail the spread of COVID-19 – whether mandated 

by governmental authorities or recommended as a public health practice – may adversely affect the Company’s 
operations as key personnel, employees and customers avoid physical interaction.  In response to the COVID-19 
pandemic, the Bank has been directing branch customers to use drive-thru windows and online banking services, 
and many employees are telecommuting.  It is not yet known what impact these operational changes may have on 
the Company’s financial performance.  The continued spread of COVID-19 (or an outbreak of a similar highly 
contagious disease) could also negatively impact the business and operations of third-party service providers who 
perform critical services for the Company’s business.

As a result, if COVID-19 continues to spread or the response to contain the COVID-19 pandemic is 
unsuccessful, the Company could experience a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and 
results of operations.

ITEM 9: CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of December 31, 2019, the Company, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s 

management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, completed an 
evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as 
defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act. In designing and evaluating its disclosure controls and 
procedures, management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and 
operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that objectives of the disclosure controls and 
procedures are met. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures is also based in part upon certain 
assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in 
achieving its stated goals under all potential conditions. Based upon their evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer 
and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 

87

2019 were effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s 
reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the 
time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to 
management of the Company, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to 
allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

This Form 10-K does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial 

reporting or an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm due to a transition period established by 
the rules of the SEC for newly public companies.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management has not evaluated any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that 
occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2019 due to a transition period established by the rules of the SEC 
for newly public companies.

ITEM 9B: OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10: DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Other than as set forth below, the information required by this item will be included in the Company’s 
Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and incorporated herein by reference or 
included in an amendment to this Form 10-K filed within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this 
Form 10-K.

Code of Ethics

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics and Conflict of Interest Policy that applies to directors, executive 
officers and employees of the Company and the Bank. A copy of the code is filed as Exhibit 14.1 to this report and 
may be obtained without charge by written request to the Company’s Corporate Secretary.

ITEM 11: EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this Item will be included in the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 
2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and incorporated herein by reference or included in an amendment to this 
Form 10-K filed within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.

ITEM 12: SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Other than as set forth below, the information required by this Item will be included in the Company’s 
Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and incorporated herein by reference or 
included in an amendment to this Form 10-K filed within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this 
Form 10-K.

88

Equity Compensation Plan Table

The following table summarizes information, as of December 31, 2019, relating to the Company’s stock-based 
compensation plans, pursuant to which awards may be granted in the form of incentive stock options, non-qualified 
stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted awards, performance share awards, and performance 
compensation awards in the form of common stock from time to time.

Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders
Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders   
Total .................................................................................

—   
—    $
    $

Number of Shares
To be Issued
Upon Exercise
Of Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights   
—  
—  

Number of Shares
Remaining Available
for Future Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation Plan
— 
329,250 

ITEM 13: CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 

INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this Item will be included in the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 
2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and incorporated herein by reference or included in an amendment to this 
Form 10-K filed within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.

ITEM 14: PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this Item will be included in the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 
2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and incorporated herein by reference or included in an amendment to this 
Form 10-K filed within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.

PART IV

ITEM 15: EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

Exhibit
Number

  2.1

  3.1

  3.2

  3.3

  4.1

  4.2

Description

Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of May 13, 2019, between Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. 
and Virginia Community Bankshares, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of Blue Ridge 
Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on August 8, 2019).

Articles of Incorporation of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc., as amended through August 16, 2011 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Form 1-A Offering Statement 
filed May 19, 2016).

Articles of Amendment of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc., dated June 27, 2018 (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 3.2 of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on August 8, 
2019).

Bylaws of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of Blue Ridge 
Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on August 8, 2019).

Specimen Common Stock Certificate of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3.1 of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Form 1-A Offering Statement filed May 19, 2016). 

Form of 6.75% Fixed to Floating Rate Subordinated Note due 2025 (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 3.2 of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Form 1-A Offering Statement filed May 19, 2016).

  4.3

Description of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Securities.

89

 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
Exhibit
Number

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

Employment Agreement, dated November 1, 2011, between Blue Ridge Bank and Brian K. Plum 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 6.3 of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Form 1-A Offering Statement 
filed May 19, 2016).

Description

Change in Control Agreement, dated January 1, 2011, between Blue Ridge Bank and Brian K. Plum 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 6.4 of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Form 1-A Offering Statement 
filed May 19, 2016).

Offer Letter with Amanda G. Story, dated February 1, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of 
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 
filed on October 4, 2019).

Employment Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2019 and effective December 15, 2019, by and between 
Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. and A. Preston Moore, Jr. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of Blue 
Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on August 8, 2019).

Employment Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2019 and effective December 15, 2019, by and between 
Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. and Thomas M. Crowder (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of 
Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on August 8, 2019).

Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Pre-
Effective Amendment No. 1 to Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed 
on October 4, 2019).

Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of Pre-Effective 
Amendment No. 1 to Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on 
October 4, 2019).

Description of Annual Cash Incentive Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of Pre-
Effective Amendment No. 1 to Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed 
on October 4, 2019).

Form of Stock Purchase Agreement, by and among Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. and certain individual 
investors, dated December 31, 2014 and March 17, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 6.9 of 
Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Form 1-A Offering Statement filed May 19, 2016).

Form of Registration Rights Agreement, by and among Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. and certain 
individual investors, dated December 31, 2014 and March 17, 2015 (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 6.10 of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.’s Form 1-A Offering Statement filed May 19, 2016).

Form of Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement, by and among Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc. and certain 
individual investors, dated November 20, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 6.11 of Blue Ridge 
Bankshares, Inc.’s Form 1-A Offering Statement filed May 19, 2016).

14.1

Code of Ethics and Conflict of Interest Policy.

21.1

Subsidiaries of Blue Ridge Bankshares, Inc.

31.1

31.2

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002.

90

 
 
Exhibit
Number

101

Description

The following materials from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31, 2019, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Consolidated 
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income for the years 
ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the 
years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ 
Equity for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for 
the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 16: FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

91

 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has 

duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Date: April 14, 2020

BLUE RIDGE BANKSHARES, INC.

  By:  /s/ Brian K. Plum
  Brian K. Plum
  President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by 

the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

/s/ Brian K. Plum
Brian K. Plum

/s/ Amanda G. Story
Amanda G. Story

/s/ Larry Dees
Larry Dees

/s/ Hunter H. Bost
Hunter H. Bost

/s/ Robert B. Burger Jr.
Robert B. Burger Jr.

/s/ Elise Peters Carey
Elise Peters Carey

/s/ Mensel D. Dean Jr.
Mensel D. Dean Jr.

/s/ Kenneth E. Flynt
Kenneth E. Flynt

/s/ James E. Gander II
James E. Gander II

/s/ John H.H. Graves
John H.H. Graves

/s/ Andrew C. Holzwarth
Andrew C. Holzwarth

/s/ Robert S. Janney
Robert S. Janney

Title

Date

President, Chief Executive Officer and
Director (Principal Executive Officer)

April 14, 2020

Chief Financial Officer (Principal 
Financial and Accounting Officer)

April 14, 2020

Chairman of the Board

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

92

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Gary R. Shook
Gary R. Shook

/s/ Mark W. Sisk
Mark W. Sisk

/s/ William W. Stokes
William W. Stokes

/s/ A. Pierce Stone
A. Pierce Stone

/s/ Malcolm R. Sullivan Jr.
Malcolm R. Sullivan Jr.

/s/ Donald R. Vaughan
Donald R. Vaughan

/s/ Carolyn J. Woodruff
Carolyn J. Woodruff

Director

Director

Director
William W. Stokes

Director

Director

Director

Director

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020
William W. Stokes

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

April 14, 2020

93