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C&F Financial Corporation

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Industry Banks - Regional
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FY1998 Annual Report · C&F Financial Corporation
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C & F FINANCIAL CORP

FORM 10-K 
(Annual Report) 

Filed 3/8/1999 For Period Ending 12/31/1998

Address

EIGHTH & MAIN STREETS P O BOX 391

WEST POINT, Virginia 23181

Telephone

804-843-2360 

CIK

Industry

Sector

0000913341

Regional Banks

Financial

Fiscal Year

12/31

 
 
UNITED STATES  
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION  
Washington, D.C. 20549  

FORM 10-K  

(Mark One)  

( X ) ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES  
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998 or  

( ) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES  
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  

For the transition period from ______________ to ___________________  

Commission file number 000-23423  

C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION  

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)  

           Virginia                                             54-1680165 
State or other jurisdiction of                                (I.R.S. Employer 
 incorporation or organization                              Identification No.) 

 Eighth and Main Streets, West Point, VA                           23181 
(Address of principal executive offices)                         (Zip Code) 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code   (804) 843-2360 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: NONE  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  

Common Stock $1.00 Par  
(Title of class)  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been 
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.( X )Yes( ) No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be 
contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 
10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ( )  

The aggregate market value of the Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was approximately $59,757,000 as of March 3, 1999. 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock, $1.00 par value was 3,731,888 at March 3, 1999.  

 
 
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE  

Location in Form 10-K                                 Incorporated Document 
---------------------                                 --------------------- 

PART II 
------- 
Item 5 -  Market for Registrants Common                The Company's 1998 Annual Report to 
          Equity and Related Stockholder               Shareholders for fiscal years ended 
          Matters                                      December 31, 1998, Quarterly Condensed Statements of 
                                                       Income-Unaudited, page 43, and 
                                                       Investor Information, page 45. 

Item 6 -  Selected Financial Data                      The Company's 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders for 
                                                       fiscal years ended December 31, 1998, Five Year Financial 
                                                       Summary, page 10. 

Item 7 -  Management's Discussion and                  The Company's 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders 
          Analysis of Financial Conditions             for the fiscal years ended December 31, 1998, 
          and Results of Operations                    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
                                                       Condition and Results of Operations, pages 9 through 23. 

Item 7a - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures     The Company's 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders for 
          about Market Risk                            for the fiscal years ended December 31, 1998, Market 
                                                       Risk Management, pages 13 through 15. 

Item 8  - Financial Statements and                     The  Company's  1998  Annual  Report  to Shareholders 
          Supplementary Data                           for fiscal years ended December 31, 1998, Consolidated 
                                                       Financial Statements, Notes to Consolidated Financial 
                                                       Statements, and Independent Auditors' Report, 
                                                       pages 24 through 44. 

PART III 

Item 10 - Directors and Executive                     The Company's 1998 Proxy  Statement, Election 
          Officers of the Registrant                  of  Directors, pages 2 through 3. 

Item 11 - Executive Compensation                      The Company's 1999 Proxy Statement, Executive 
                                                      Compensation, pages 5 through 6. 

Item 12 - Security Ownership of Certain               The Company's 1999 Proxy Statement, Principal Holders 
                                                      Beneficial Owners and Management of Capital Stock, page 2. 

Item 13 - Certain Relationships and                  The Company's 1999 Proxy Statement, Interest of 
          Related Transactions                       Management in Certain Transactions, pages 4 through 5. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                              TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PART 1 

ITEM 1.  BUSINESS....................................................page 1 

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES..................................................page 2 

ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS...........................................page 3 

ITEM 4.  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS 
           TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.............................page 3 

PART II 

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY 
           AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS...........................page 4 

ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.....................................page 4 

ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF 
           FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION..............page 4 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK..page 4 

ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.................page 4 

ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS 
           ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE....................page 4 

PART III 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 
            OF THE REGISTRANT........................................page 5 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION......................................page 5 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL 
           OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT.....................................page 6 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED 
           TRANSACTIONS..............................................page 6 

PART IV 

ITEM 14. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K............................page 7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1. BUSINESS  

General  

PART I  

C&F Financial Corporation (the "Company") is a bank holding company which was incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of 
Virginia in March, 1994. The Company owns all of the stock of its sole subsidiary, Citizens and Farmers Bank (the "Bank"), which is an 
independent commercial bank chartered under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Bank has a total of nine branches including the 
main office. The Bank has its main office at Eighth and Main Streets, West Point, Virginia, and has branch offices in the locations of Norge, 
Middlesex, Providence Forge, Quinton, Tappahannock, Varina, Williamsburg and West Point (two branches). The Bank was originally opened 
for business under the name Farmers and Mechanics Bank on January 22, 1927.  

The local community served by the Bank is defined as those portions of King William County, King and Queen County, Hanover County and 
Henrico County which are east of Route 360; Essex, Middlesex, New Kent, Charles City, and James City Counties; that portion of York 
County which is directly north of James City County; and that portion of Gloucester County surrounded by Routes 14 and 17.  

The Company, through its subsidiaries, offers a wide range of banking services available to both individuals and small businesses. These 
services include various types of checking and savings deposit accounts, and the making of business, real estate, development, mortgage, home 
equity, automobile and other installment, demand and term loans. Also, the Bank offers ATMs at all locations, credit card services, trust 
services, travelers' checks, money orders, safe deposit rentals, collections, notary public, wire services and other customary bank services to its 
customers.  

The Bank has three wholly-owned subsidiaries, C&F Title Agency, Inc., C&F Investment Services, Inc., and C&F Mortgage Corporation, all 
incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. C&F Title Agency, Inc. sells title insurance to the mortgage loan customers of 
the Company. C&F Investment Services, Inc., organized April, 1995, is a full-service brokerage firm offering a comprehensive range of 
investment options including stocks, bonds, annuities and mutual funds. C&F Mortgage Corporation, organized in September, 1995, originates 
and sells residential mortgages. See Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for summarized financial information by business 
segment.  

C&F Mortgage Corporation provides mortgage services through six locations in Virginia and two in Maryland. The Virginia offices are in 
Richmond (two locations), Williamsburg, Newport News, Charlottesville, and Chester. The Maryland offices are in Crofton and Bel Aire.  

As of December 31, 1998, a total of 230 persons were employed by the Company, of whom 17 were part-time. The Company considers 
relations with its employees to be excellent.  

Competition  

The Bank is subject to competition from various financial institutions and other companies or firms that offer financial services. The Bank's 
principal competition in its market area consists of all the major statewide banks. The Bank also competes for deposits with savings 
associations, credit unions and money-market funds. In making loans, the Bank competes with consumer finance companies, credit unions, 
leasing companies and other lenders.  

C&F Mortgage Corporation competes for mortgage loans in its market areas with other mortgage companies, commercial banks and other 
financial institutions.  

C&F Investment Services competes with other investment companies, brokerage firms, and insurance companies to provide these services.  

C&F Title Agency competes with other title companies owned by lawyers and other financial institutions.  

Regulation and Supervision  

The Company is subject to regulation by the Federal Reserve Bank under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. The Company is also under 
the jurisdiction of the Securities and Exchange Commission and certain state securities commissions with respect to matters relating to the offer 
and sale of its securities. In addition, the Bank is subject to regulation and examination by the State Corporation Commission and the Federal 
Deposit Insurance Corporation.  

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES  

The following describes the location and general character of the principal offices and other materially important physical properties of the 
Company and its subsidiary.  

The Company owns the headquarters located at Eighth and Main Streets in the business district of West Point, Virginia. The building, 
originally constructed in 1923, has three floors totaling 15,000 square feet. This building houses the Citizens and Farmers Bank main office 
branch and office space for the Company's administrative personnel.  

The Company also owns a building located at Seventh and Main Streets in West Point, Virginia. The building provides space for Citizens and 
Farmers Bank operations functions and staff. The building was originally constructed prior to 1935 and remodeled by the Company in 1991. 
The two-story building has 20,000 square feet.  

Citizens and Farmers Bank owns eight other branch locations in Virginia. Also, the Bank owns several lots in West Point, Virginia, and one 
other lot in New Kent County, Virginia.  

C&F Mortgage Corporation has eight leased offices, six in Virginia and two in Maryland. Rental expense for these locations totaled $297,000 
for the year ended December 31, 1998.  

All of the Company's properties are in good operating condition and are adequate for the Company's present and anticipated future needs.  

ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  

There are no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company is a party or of which the property of the Company is subject.  

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS  

No matters were submitted during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report to a vote of security holders of the Company 
through a solicitation of proxies or otherwise.  

PART II  

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  
The information contained on pages 43 and 45 of the 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 13, under the 
captions, "Note 18: Quarterly Condensed Statements of Income - Unaudited" and "Investor Information" is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA  
The information contained on page 10 of the 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 13, under the caption, 
"Five Year Financial Summary" is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION  
The information contained on pages 9 through 23 of the 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 13, under the 
caption, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation", is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  
The information contained on pages 13 through 15 of the 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 13, under 
the caption, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation," is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  
The information contained on pages 24 through 44 of the 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 13, under 
the captions, "Consolidated Financial Statements", "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements", and "Independent Auditors' Report", is 
incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  

None.  

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT  
The information required by Item 10 with respect to the Directors of the Registrant is contained on pages 2 through 3 of the 1999 Proxy 
Statement, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 99, under the caption, "Election of Directors", is incorporated herein by reference.  

PART III  

The information in the following table pertains to the executive officers of the Company.  

Executive Officers of C&F Financial Corporation  

   Name (Age)                Business Experience                        Number of Shares Beneficially 
Present Position            During Past Five Years                       Owned as of March 3, 1999 
------------------------   ------------------------------              ------------------------------- 
Larry G. Dillon (46)     President of the Bank since 1989;                         44,336 (1) 
Chairman, President and  Senior Vice President of the Bank 
Chief Executive Officer  prior to 1989 

Gari B. Sullivan (61)    Senior Vice President of the Bank since 1990;             10,944 (1) 
Secretary                Vice President of the Bank from 1989 to 1990; 
                         President of the Middlesex Region of First 
                         Virginia Bank prior to 1989 

Brad E. Schwartz (36)    Promoted to Senior Vice President of the Bank             13,106 (1) 
Chief Operating Officer  in December 1997.  Vice President of the Bank 
                         from 1991 to December 1997; Administrative Officer of 
                         the Bank from 1989 to 1991; Senior Financial 
                         Institutions Examiner with the Bureau of Financial 
                         Institutions of the Virginia State Corporation 
                         Commission prior to 1989 

Thomas F. Cherry (30)    Promoted to Senior Vice President of the Bank in           1,667 (1) 
Chief Financial Officer  December 1998.   Vice President of the Bank from 
                         December 1996 to December 1998. Manager  with  Price 
                         Waterhouse, LLP in Norfolk, prior to December 1996. 

(1)Includes exercisable options of 16,602, 8,202, 12,202 and 1,467 held by Messrs. Dillon, Sullivan, Schwartz, and Cherry, respectively.  

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  

The information contained on pages 5 through 6 of the 1999 Proxy Statement, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 99, under the caption, 
"Executive Compensation", is incorporated herein by reference.  

 
 
 
 
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP ON CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT  
The information contained on page 2 of the 1999 Proxy Statement, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 99, under the caption, "Principal Holders 
of Capital Stock", is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS  
The information contained on pages 4 through 5 of the 1999 Proxy Statement, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 99, under the caption, 
"Interest of Management In Certain Transactions", is incorporated herein by reference.  

PART IV  

ITEM 14. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K  

14 (a) Exhibits  

Exhibit No. 3: Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws  

Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of C&F Financial Corporation filed as Exhibit Nos. 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, to Form 10KSB filed 
March 29, 1996, of C&F Financial Corporation is incorporated herein by reference.  

Exhibit No. 13: C&F Financial Corporation 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders  

Exhibit No. 21: Subsidiaries of the Registrant  

Citizens and Farmers Bank, incorporated in the Commonwealth of Virginia (100% owned)  

Exhibit No. 23: Consents of experts and counsel  

23.1 Consent of Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C.  
23.2 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP  

Exhibit No. 27: Financial Data Schedule  

Exhibit No. 99: Additional Exhibits  

99.1 C&F Financial Corporation 1999 Annual Meeting Proxy Statement  
99.2 Independent Auditors Report of Deloitte & Touche LLP for 1996  

14 (b) Reports on Form 8-K filed in the fourth quarter of 1998:  
None.  

14 (c) Exhibits to this Form 10-K are either filed as part of this Report or are incorporated herein by reference.  

14 (d) Financial Statements Excluded from Annual Report to Shareholders pursuant to Rule 14a3(b). Not applicable.  

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, C&F Financial Corporation has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized:  

SIGNATURES  

C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION  

/s/ Larry G. Dillon                                   /s/ Thomas F. Cherry 
--------------------                                  -------------------------- 
Larry G. Dillon                                       Thomas F. Cherry 
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer       Senior Vice President and 
                                                      Chief Financial Officer 

Date: March 3, 1999                                   Date: March 3, 1999 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of 
the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:  

/s/ J. P. Causey Jr.                                        Date: March 3, 1999 
-------------------------- 
J. P. Causey Jr., Director 

/s/ James H. Hudson III                                     Date: March 3, 1999 
------------------------------ 
James H. Hudson, III, Director 

/s/ Larry G. Dillon                                         Date: March 3, 1999 
------------------------- 
Larry G. Dillon, Director 

/s/ William E. O'Connell Jr.                                Date: March 3, 1999 
----------------------------------- 
William E. O'Connell, Jr., Director 

/s/ Sture G. Olsson,                                        Date: March 3, 1999 
------------------------------ 
Sture G. Olsson, Director 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
[C&F LOGO]  

FINANCIAL  

CORPORATION  

1998  
ANNUAL  
REPORT  

CONTENTS  

Financial Highlights            1 
The C&F Mission                 2 
From the President              3 
The C&F Values Statement        4 
The Y2K Challenge               6 
Services                        8 
Company Financials              9 
Independent Auditor's Report   44 
Investor Information           45 
Directors and Advisors         46 
Officers and Locations         47 

[C&F LOGO] 

 
RETURN ON AVERAGE EQUITY           RETURN ON AVERAGE ASSETS 
    1998      17.81                    1998      2.03 
    1997      16.08                    1997      1.90 
    1996      12.66                    1996      1.65 
    1995      11.08                    1995      1.60 

[C&F LOGO]  

C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION  

NET INCOME EARNINGS PER SHARE  

1998 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS  

1998      6,134,036           1998      1.56 
1997      4,936,827           1997      1.25 
1996      4,061,174           1996      0.92 
1995      3,375,932           1995      0.76 

C&F Financial Corporation (the "Corporation") is a one-bank holding company with administrative offices in West Point, Virginia. Its wholly 
owned subsidiary, Citizens and Farmers Bank, offers quality general banking services to individuals, professionals, and small businesses 
through nine branch offices serving the surrounding towns and counties. Citizens and Farmers Bank has three wholly owned subsidiaries. C&F 
Mortgage Corporation originates and sells residential mortgages. These mortgage services are provided through six offices in Virginia and two 
offices in Maryland. Brokerage services are offered through C&F Investment Services, Inc. C&F Title Agency, Inc., offers title insurance 
services. Trust services are provided in association with The Trust Company of Virginia.  

1  

 
 
OUR MISSION  

It is the mission of the directors, officers, and staff to maximize the long-term wealth of the shareholders of C&F Financial Corporation 
through Citizens and Farmers Bank and its other subsidiaries.  
We believe we provide a superior value when we balance long-term and short-term objectives to achieve both a competitive return on 
investment and a consistent increase in the market value of the Corporation's stock.  
This must be achieved while maintaining adequate liquidity and safety standards for the protection of all of the Corporation's interested parties, 
especially its depositors and shareholders.  
This mission will be accomplished by providing our customers with distinctive service and quality financial products which are responsive to 
their needs, fairly priced, and delivered promptly and efficiently with the highest degree of accuracy and professionalism.  

2  

LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT  

DEAR FELLOW SHAREHOLDERS  

It is a great pleasure to present this report covering the financial results of C&F Financial Corporation for 1998. For the third year in a row, 
your Corporation's net income has increased by more than 20% over the previous year's results.  
Net income reached a record $6,134,036 for the year, a 24.3% increase over the previous record of $4,936,827 earned in 1997. Earnings per 
share rose to $1.56, a 24.8% improvement over 1997's $1.25. Net income for 1998 resulted in a return on average assets of 2.03% and a return 
on average equity of 17.81% versus 1.90% and 16.08%, respectively, for 1997. As of September 30, our state banking peers showed an average 
of 1.34% return on average assets and a 12.40% return on average equity. Total assets increased $43 million, going from $278 million in 1997 
to $321 million at year-end 1998. Deposits rose from $232 million to $252 million.  
We take great pride in reporting that C&F Financial Corporation was rated as one of the top 50 community banks in the country in the July 
1998 issue of U.S. Banker. This recognition was based on five financial criteria, including return on assets, return on equity, efficiency ratio, 
nonperforming assets ratio, and leverage ratio.  
Our success in 1998 was augmented by substantial contributions from our subsidiary corporations. C&F Mortgage Corporation saw a 
significant jump in both loan production and net income. Loan volume increased from $286 million in 1997 to $524 million in 1998. One very 
positive result of this increased production at the Mortgage Corporation was that it led to increased title insurance business for C&F Title 
Agency, Inc. This subsidiary posted an increase in its net income of over 200%. The addition of these two subsidiaries has resulted in much 
higher income results for C&F Financial Corporation as well as better service and products for our customers.  
Our other subsidiary, C&F Investment Services, Inc., continues to experience significant growth in both its business and profitability. Assets 
under management grew 29% in 1998 and now exceed $66 million. Our ability to offer this line of business, which is in high demand by our 
customers, encourages them to maintain more of their relationships with us on a long-term basis.  
Our strong financial performance had a positive influence on C&F Financial Corporation stock during 1998. In January, the  

3  

Our Values  

We believe that excellence is the standard for all we do, achieved by encouraging and nourishing: respect for others; honest, open 
communication; individual development and satisfaction; a sense of ownership and responsibility for the Corporation's success; participation, 
cooperation, and teamwork; creativity, innovation, and initiative; prudent risk taking; and recognition and rewards for achievement.  
We believe that we must conduct ourselves morally and ethically at all times and in all relationships.  
We believe that we have an obligation to the well-being of all the communities we serve.  
We believe that our officers and staff are our most important assets, making the critical difference in how the Corporation performs and, 
through their work and effort, separate us from all competitors.  

The Citizens & Farmers Bank Board of Directors (from back to front and left to right): Paul C. Robinson, Bryan E. McKernon, James H. 
Hudson III, J.P. Causey Jr., P.L. Harrell, Larry G. Dillon, William E. O'Connell, Jr., Joshua H. Lawson, Reginald H. Nelson IV, Thomas B. 
Whitmore Jr. (Not pictured:  
Sture G. Olsson.)  

4  

stock was listed for the first time on the NASDAQ National Market and the price jumped 54% within a one-month period. During the year, 
your Board of Directors increased the quarterly dividend three times, taking it from $.09 per share to $.12, a 33% increase. Additionally, your 
Board declared a two-for-one stock split in June. The combination of these events has resulted in a higher market value for our stock as well as 
significantly improved cash income for our shareholders.  
The year 1998 brought many changes to your Corporation, not the least of which was the retirement of past Chairman and President W. T. 
"Bill" Robinson from the Board of Directors. Mr. Robinson devoted over fifty years to the management of this organization and he will be 
sorely missed. In honor of his many years of outstanding leadership, Mr. Robinson was named Chairman of the Board Emeritus of Citizens and 
Farmers Bank.  
The Board of Citizens and Farmers Bank was fortunate to have two new additions during the year. Bryan E. McKernon, President and CEO of 
C&F Mortgage Corporation, was elected in August, and in November, Reginald H. Nelson IV, a member of the Bank's Varina Advisory Board 
since its inception, was elected. Both of these gentlemen bring tremendous knowledge and experience to the Board and we look forward to 
many years of their guidance.  
During 1998, a significant amount of time and resources were spent on training to improve our customer service skills. Not only did we 
institute the training, we commenced the implementation of monitoring the level of service we provide by using "mystery shoppers" who 
evaluate and grade each staff member providing service to them. In addition, we now receive a more accurate evaluation of our customer 
contact areas through customer surveys. Based on the scores our "shoppers" are giving us, and the increased number of compliments we are 
receiving from our customers, our initiatives are proving very successful.  
As part of our efforts to meet the needs of our customers, the Bank began offering a new "Generations Gold" checking account for our 
customers during the fourth quarter of 1998. Not only does this new account provide value to our customers by giving them discounts on 
frequently purchased items, it also helps us increase customer retention, improve our fee income, maintain the loyalty of local merchants, and 
distinguish our products from those of our competition. In the short time in which this new account has been offered, it has been positively 
received and we look forward to its great success.  
We anticipate that 1999 will be another year of positives for your Corporation. A new office in the Lynchburg area has already been approved 
for C&F Mortgage Corporation and Citizens and Farmers Bank has recently approved a new office in the City of Williamsburg. This office 
will house not only the Bank, but also the Williamsburg office of C&F Mortgage Corporation and an investment advisor for C&F Investment 
Services, Inc. We have waited to introduce electronic banking until the creation of a genuine demand on the part of our customers would make 
it financially prudent to do so. With the growing popularity of the Internet, we now believe that we have reached this point and plan to make 
this service available during the second half of 1999. Electronic banking will allow our customers to handle their banking transactions and 
inquiries from the convenience of their homes via the Internet.  
Also in 1999, we will sharpen our focus on lending by increasing our volume in all lending areas while placing more  

5  

MEETING  
THE YEAR 2000 CHALLENGE  

For years, software programmers used just two digits to represent a specific year, failing to envision the consequences of having to distinguish 
dates in one century from those in another. Now that we are approaching the year 2000, this error must be corrected.  

At C&F Financial Corporation, we have been particularly diligent in protecting the interests of our customers. A committee was established in 
1997 to oversee and prepare for all the implications of this situation and has made excellent progress throughout 1998 to assure that the 
Corporation is well prepared to enter the new century smoothly.  

Substantially all major testing has now been completed. The minor problem areas identified will be addressed in the next few months. As a 
result, we anticipate being fully prepared for the Y2K challenge, including back-up plans, well before year-end.  

6  

emphasis on the commercial and small business markets. We increased our lending staff during 1998 and anticipate the addition of several staff 
members during 1999.  
The year 1999 will also see much time and effort spent on dealing with the potential "Y2K" year-end computer problem. A Y2K Committee 
was established in 1997 to oversee and prepare for all the implications of this situation and has made excellent progress throughout 1998 
assuring that the Corporation is well prepared. Substantially all major testing has now been completed with results showing only minor 
problem areas which will be addressed in the next few months. We anticipate being fully prepared for this event, including back-up plans, well 
before year-end.  
While we continue to make many changes to our organization, our philosophy remains the same. We are a locally owned and service-oriented 
organization and believe that now, more than ever, there is a real opportunity for community banks--banks where the staff knows the customers 
by name, where they ask, "How's your family?"; banks where customers see the same staff that was there last week, last month, etc. The 
friendly, personal touch is what customers want and this is what we intend to deliver.  
We will deliver this friendly, personal service in a professional manner and at the same time offer all of the financial services that our 
customers need. C&F is now a full financial services corporation. We offer a full range of banking services, full mortgage services, full 
investment services, and through our affiliation with The Trust Company of Virginia, full trust services. We believe we are in the right setting 
with the right tools to take advantage of our financial strength and stability. We have the foundation upon which to grow, adapt to change, and 
still be profitable. We have adapted in the past, we will in the future, and we will always be willing to take on short-term losses to increase our 
long-term gains. As a result, we believe we have a very bright future.  
The many successes we have experienced would not have been possible were it not for the hard work and commitment of our officers and staff. 
Our thanks to them for their dedicated service and to our Board of Directors for their continued guidance and support. Our thanks also to each 
of you for your continued confidence in C&F Financial Corporation and for your patronage and referrals of prospective customers as we strive 
to keep this a strong, highly profitable organization.  

     /s/ Larry G. Dillon 
       LARRY G. DILLON 
CHAIRMAN, PRESIDENT, AND 
 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 

7  

 
BANKING SERVICES  

Citizens and Farmers Bank offers a wide array of general banking services to individuals, professionals, and small businesses through nine 
branch offices. These services include a variety of checking and savings deposit accounts, as well as business, home equity, automobile, and 
other installment loans. Our goal is to help our customers live better for less by offering savings accounts with competitive rates of interest and 
smart borrowing solutions that meet their needs.  
For the convenience of our customers, the Bank offers extended drive-through hours, ATMs at all locations, credit card services, trust services, 
traveler's checks, money orders, safe deposit rentals, collections, notary public, and wire services. In addition, the Bank's 24-hour telephone 
banking service provides assistance to our customers around the clock.  

MORTGAGE AND TITLE SERVICES  

C&F Mortgage Corporation originates single-family residential loans from eight locations in Virginia and Maryland. C&F Mortgage offers 
programs designed for home purchases, the first-time home buyer, and home mortgage refinancing. By originating and selling residential 
mortgages, C&F Mortgage Corporation is able to offer competitive fixed- and adjustable-rate mortgages.  
One of the distinctive features of C&F Mortgage Corporation is our commitment to work closely with our customers and to provide the best 
possible information so that they can choose the mortgage that is right for them. A mortgage loan officer is dedicated to each account, 
minimizing paperwork, reducing response time, and accelerating approvals. As a convenience to our mortgage customers, we provide title 
searches and title insurance through C&F Title Agency, Inc.  

INVESTMENT COMPANY  

C&F Investment Services, Inc. provides a full range of brokerage services, giving our customers a broad spectrum of financial tools to address 
their needs and realize their aspirations. Personal financial planners help our customers pinpoint their goals and craft a long-term plan for 
achieving them. They then help customers choose investment vehicles, whether they be stocks, bonds, or mutual funds, to create a portfolio 
that matches their objectives and tolerance for risk. Our personal financial planners follow up with customers to ensure that their portfolio 
allocation remains appropriate for their investment profile. On-site investment planning is available at all Citizens & Farmers Bank branch 
offices.  

8  

COMPANY FINANCIALS  

Management's Discussion and Analysis  

of Financial Condition and Results of Operations  

[C&F LOGO]  

The following discussion provides information about the major components of the results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and 
capital resources of C&F Financial Corporation and subsidiary (the "Corporation"). This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction 
with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  

9  

FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY  

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                           1998              1997              1996              1995             1994 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Selected Year-End Balances: 
Total assets                           $320,863,629     $278,105,969      $256,671,312      $238,995,329     $189,672,758 
Total capital                            36,647,493       31,800,533        32,214,509        31,818,296       28,809,166 
Total loans (net)                       169,918,428      154,744,620       136,732,017       110,012,320      102,649,919 
Total deposits                          251,673,159      231,513,152       216,422,556       204,001,334      158,811,959 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Summary of Operations: 
Interest income                          22,617,509       19,763,048        18,332,998        15,686,897       13,649,428 
Interest expense                          9,558,059        8,002,301         7,667,619         6,526,880        4,861,516 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Net interest income                      13,059,450       11,760,747        10,665,379         9,160,017        8,787,912 
Provision for loan losses                   600,000          330,000            30,000                --            7,831 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Net interest income after 
   provision for loan losses             12,459,450       11,430,747        10,635,379         9,160,017        8,780,081 
Other income                             11,009,622        6,657,608         4,678,915         1,233,267          996,654 
Operating expenses                       14,981,685       11,537,565        10,294,220         6,126,722        4,867,502 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Income before taxes                       8,487,387        6,550,790         5,020,074         4,266,562        4,909,233 
Income tax expense                        2,353,351        1,613,963           958,900           890,630        1,170,839 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Net income                             $  6,134,036      $ 4,936,827       $ 4,061,174       $ 3,375,932      $ 3,738,394 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Per share(1) 
  Earnings per common share-- 
     assuming dilution                        $1.56            $1.25              $.92              $.76             $.84 
   Dividends                                    .44              .35               .31               .30              .28 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Weighted average number of 
   shares--assuming dilution              3,919,775        3,952,756         4,426,000         4,472,956        4,467,906 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

(1) Per share data has been restated to reflect the two-for-one stock split in July 1998.  

Significant Ratios  

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                      1998                   1997                1996 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Return on average assets               2.03%                 1.90%               1.65% 
Return on average equity              17.81                 16.08               12.66 
Dividend payout ratio                 27.70                 27.75               33.62 
Average equity to average assets      11.42                 11.81               13.06 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

Overview  
Net income totaled $6.1 million in 1998, an increase of 24.3% over 1997. In 1997, net income totaled $4.9 million, a 21.6% increase over 
1996. Earnings per share were $1.56, $1.25, and $.92 in 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. The increase in earnings per share was a result of 
higher net income and the repurchase of 119,803 shares of the Corporation's common stock in October of 1996 and 204,683 shares of the 
Corporation's common stock on April 4, 1997.  

Profitability as measured by the Corporation's return on average equity (ROE) was 17.81% in 1998, up from 16.08% in 1997, and 12.66% in 
1996. Another key indicator of performance, the return on average assets (ROA) for 1998 was 2.03%, compared to 1.90% and 1.65% for 1997 
and 1996, respectively.  

10  

 
 
TABLE 1: AVERAGE BALANCES, INCOME AND EXPENSE, YIELDS AND RATES  

The following table shows the average balance sheets for each of the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996. In addition, the amounts 
of interest earned on earning assets, with related yields and interest on interest-bearing liabilities, together with the rates, are shown. Loans 
include loans held for sale. Also, loans placed on a non-accrual status are included in the balances and were included in the computation of 
yields, upon which they had an immaterial effect. Interest on tax-exempt securities is on a taxable-equivalent basis, which was computed using 
the federal corporate income tax rate of 34% for all three years.  

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                              1998                              1997                              1996 
                                   Average   Income/     Yield/        Average   Income/    Yield/       Average  Income/  Yield/ 
(Dollars in thousands)             Balance   Expense      Rate         Balance   Expense     Rate        Balance  Expense   Rate 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Assets 
Securities: 
   Taxable                        $  33,607   $ 2,359      7.02%      $ 37,309   $ 2,737     7.34%     $  49,102  $ 3,595    7.32% 
   Tax-exempt                        42,606     3,590      8.43         39,554     3,388     8.57         41,015    3,629    8.85 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total securities                  76,213     5,949      7.81         76,863     6,125     7.97         90,117    7,224    8.02 
Loans, net                          206,353    17,790      8.62        165,168    14,656     8.87        136,089   12,139    8.92 
Interest-bearing deposits 
   in other banks                     1,088        69      6.34          1,251        68     5.44          3,178      172    5.41 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total earning assets             283,654   $23,808      8.39%       243,282   $20,849     8.57%       229,384  $19,535    8.52% 
Reserve for loan losses              (2,451)                            (2,032)                           (1,915) 
Total non-earning assets             20,484                             18,708                            18,384 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total assets                   $ 301,687                           $259,958                         $ 245,853 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity 
Time and savings deposits: 
   Interest-bearing deposits      $  37,178   $   901      2.42%    $   34,594   $   890     2.57%     $  33,256  $   891    2.68% 
   Money market deposits             21,984       718      3.27         23,416       767     3.28         20,468      671    3.28 
   Savings accounts                  35,094     1,135      3.23         33,037     1,058     3.20         31,550      986    3.13 
   Certificates of deposit, 
     $100M or more                   16,670       819      4.91         14,137       466     3.30         13,774      488    3.54 
   Other certificates of deposit     87,938     4,616      5.25         82,655     4,493     5.44         80,412    4,418    5.49 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total time and 
     savings deposits               198,864     8,189      4.12        187,839     7,674     4.09        179,460    7,454    4.15 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Borrowings                           25,169     1,369      5.44          6,441       328     5.09          4,505      214    4.75 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total interest-bearing liabilities  224,033     9,558      4.27        194,280     8,002     4.12        183,965    7,668    4.17 
Demand deposits                      35,987                             31,449                            26,741 
Other liabilities                     7,221                              3,533                             3,046 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total liabilities                267,241                            229,262                           213,752 
Shareholders' equity                 34,446                             30,696                            32,101 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total liabilities 
     and shareholders' equity    $  301,687                        $   259,958                        $  245,853 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Net interest income                           $14,250                           $ 12,847                          $11,867 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Interest rate spread                                       4.12                              4.45                            4.35 
Interest expense to 
   average earning assets                                  3.37                              3.29                            3.34 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Net interest margin                                        5.02%                             5.28%                           5.17% 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

11  

 
 
Results of Operations  
Net Interest Income  

During 1998, net interest income, on a tax-equivalent basis, increased 10.9% to $14.3 million from $12.8 million in 1997. This was a result of a 
16.6% increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets offset by a decrease in the net interest margin to 5.02% for the year ended 
December 31, 1998, from 5.28% for 1997. The increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets was attributed to an increase in the 
average balance of loans at Citizens and Farmers Bank (the "Bank") and loans held for sale at C&F Mortgage Corporation (the "Mortgage 
Corporation"). The decrease in the net interest margin was a result of an 18-basis-point decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets resulting 
from the lower interest rate environment and a 15-basis-point increase in the cost of funds mainly attributed to increased borrowings from the 
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB). Borrowings from the FHLB are used to fund loans originated and subsequently sold by the Mortgage 
Corporation. Loan closings at the Mortgage Corporation increased to $524,396,000 for the year ended December 31, 1998, compared to 
$286,419,000 for 1997.  

Net interest income, on a tax-equivalent basis, increased 8% to $12.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1997, from $11.9 million in 
1996. This was a result of a 6% increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets and an increase in the net interest margin to 5.28% for 
the year ended December 31, 1997, from 5.17% in 1996. The increase in average earning assets was due to a 21.4% increase in average 
outstanding loans partially offset by a 14.7% decline in securities. The decline in securities was due to securities' being called as well as 
management's decision to invest more funds into higher yielding loans. The increase in the net interest margin was a result of a 5-basis-point 
increase in the yield on earning assets and a 5-basis-point decrease in the cost of funds. The increase in the yield on earning assets was a result 
of an increase in the average balance of higher yielding loans and a decrease in the average balance of lower yielding investments. The 
decrease in the cost of funds was a result of an overall decrease in the rates paid on deposit products.  

TABLE 2: RATE-VOLUME RECAP  

Interest income and expense are affected by fluctuations in interest rates, by changes in the volume of earning assets and interest-bearing 
liabilities, and by the interaction of rate and volume factors. The following analysis shows the direct causes of the year-to-year changes in the 
components of net interest earnings on a taxable-equivalent basis. The rate and volume variances are calculated by a formula prescribed by the 
Securities and Exchange Commission. Rate/volume variances, the third element in the calculation, are not shown separately, but are allocated 
to the rate and volume variances in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each. Loans include both non-
accrual loans and loans held for sale.  

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                        1998 from 1997                       1997 from 1996 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                               Increase (Decrease)      Total       Increase (Decrease)       Total 
                                                     Due to           Increase             Due to           Increase 
(Dollars in thousands)                         Volume       Rate     (Decrease)     Volume        Rate     (Decrease) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Interest income: 
Loans                                        $  3,561     $ (427)     $ 3,134     $  2,581     $  (64)      $ 2,517 
Investment securities: 
   Taxable                                       (263)      (115)        (378)        (865)         7          (858) 
   Tax-exempt                                     258        (56)         202         (127)      (114)         (241) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total investment securities                        (5)      (171)        (176)        (992)      (107)       (1,099) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks          (10)        11            1         (105)         1          (104) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total interest income                           3,546       (587)       2,959        1,484       (170)        1,314 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Interest expense: 
Time and savings deposits: 
   Interest-bearing deposits                       64        (53)          11           35        (36)           (1) 
   Money market deposit accounts                  (47)        (2)         (49)          97         (1)           96 
   Savings accounts                                66         11           77           47         25            72 
   Certificates of deposit, $100M or more          94        259          353           13        (35)          (22) 
   Other certificates of deposit                  281       (158)         123          122        (47)           75 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total time and savings deposits                   458         57          515          314        (94)          220 
Other borrowings                                1,017         24        1,041           98         16           114 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total interest expense                          1,475         81        1,556          412        (78)          334 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Change in net interest income                $  2,071     $ (668)     $ 1,403     $  1,072     $  (92)      $   980 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

12  

 
MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT  

As the holding company for a commercial bank, the Corporation's primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Fluctuation in 
interest rates will ultimately impact the level of both income and expense recorded on a large portion of the Bank's assets and liabilities, and the 
market value of all interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, other than those which possess a short term to maturity.Since the 
majority of the Corporation's interest-earning assets and all of the Corporation's interest-bearing liabilities are held by the Bank, virtually all of 
the Corporation's interest rate risk exposure lies at the Bank level. Therefore, all significant interest rate risk management procedures are 
performed by management of the Bank. Based on the nature of the Bank's operations, the Bank is not subject to foreign currency exchange or 
commodity price risk. The Bank's loan portfolio is concentrated primarily in the Virginia counties of King William, King and Queen, Hanover, 
Henrico, Essex, Middlesex, New Kent, Charles City, York, and James City, and is, therefore, subject to risks associated with the local 
economy. As of December 31, 1998, the Corporation does not own any trading assets nor does it have any hedging transactions in place such as 
interest rate swaps and caps.  

The Bank's interest rate management strategy is designed to stabilize net interest income and preserve capital. The Bank manages interest rate 
risk through the use of a simulation model which measures the sensitivity of future net interest income and the net portfolio value to changes in 
interest rates. In addition, the Bank monitors interest rate sensitivity through analysis, measuring the terms to maturity or next repricing date of 
interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The matching of the maturities of assets and liabilities may be analyzed by examining the 
extent to which assets and liabilities are "interest rate sensitive" and by monitoring an institution's interest rate sensitivity "gap." An asset or 
liability is said to be "interest rate sensitive" within a specific time period if it will mature or reprice within that time period. The interest rate 
sensitivity "gap" is defined as the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets anticipated, based on certain assumptions, to mature 
or reprice within a specific time period and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities anticipated, based on certain assumptions, to mature or 
reprice within that time period. A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest-rate-sensitive liabilities maturing or repricing within a 
specific time period exceeds the amount of interest-rate-sensitive assets maturing or repricing within that same time period. During a period of 
rising interest rates, a negative gap would tend to result in a decrease in net interest income while a positive gap would tend to result in an 
increase in net interest income. In a declining interest rate environment, an institution with a negative gap would generally be expected, absent 
the effect of other factors, to experience a greater decrease in the cost of its liabilities relative to the yield of its assets and thus an increase in 
the institution's net interest income, whereas an institution with a positive gap would be expected to experience the opposite result.  

Certain shortcomings are inherent in any method of analysis used to estimate a financial institution's interest gap.The analysis is based at a 
given point in time and does not take into consideration that changes in interest rates do not affect all assets and liabilities equally. For example, 
although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or repricing, they may react differently to changes in market interest rates. 
The interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities also may fluctuate in advance of changes in market interest rates, while interest rates 
on other types may lag behind changes in market rates. The interest rates on loans with call features may or may not change depending on their 
interest rates relative to market interest rates.  

The Corporation is also subject to prepayment risk, particularly in falling interest rate environments or in environments where the slope of the 
yield curve is relatively flat or negative. Such changes in the interest rate environment can cause substantial changes in the level of 
prepayments of loans, which may also affect the Corporation's interest rate gap position.  

As part of its borrowings, the Corporation may utilize, from time to time, daily and convertible advances from the FHLB-Atlanta.Convertible 
advances generally provide for a fixed rate of interest for a portion of the term of the advance, an ability for the FHLB-Atlanta to convert the 
advance from a fixed rate to an adjustable rate at some predetermined time during the remaining term of the advance (the "conversion" feature), 
and a concurrent opportunity for the Corporation to prepay the advance with no prepayment penalty in the event the FHLB-Atlanta elects to 
exercise the conversion feature. Changes in interest rates from those at December 31, 1998 may result in a change in the estimated maturity of 
convertible advances and, therefore, the Corporation's interest rate gap position.  

Also, the methodology used estimates various rates of withdrawal (or "decay") for money market deposit, savings, and checking accounts, 
which may vary significantly from actual experience.  

The following table sets forth the amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities outstanding at December 31, 1998 that are 
subject to repricing or that mature in each of the time periods shown. Additionally, loans and securities with call provisions are included in the 
period in which they may first be called. Except as stated above, the amount of assets and liabilities shown that reprice or mature during a par 
ticular period were determined in accordance with the contractual terms of the asset or liability.  

13  

TABLE 3: INTEREST SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS  

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                            Interest-Sensitive Periods 
                                                    Within           91-365            1-5              Over 
(Dollars in thousands)                              90 Days           Days            Years            5 Years         Total 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
December 31, 1998 
Earning assets: 
Loans, net of unearned income                     $128,486         $ 13,737        $ 47,224         $  50,225       $ 239,672 
Securities                                          10,312            6,728          15,877            28,631          61,548 
Federal funds sold and 
   other short-term investments                        333               --              --                --             333 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total earning assets                            139,131           20,465          63,101            78,856         301,553 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Interest-bearing liabilities: 
Interest-bearing transaction accounts                6,232           18,696          16,619                --          41,547 
Savings accounts                                     5,588           16,763          14,900                --          37,251 
Money market deposit accounts                        3,425           10,275           9,133                --          22,833 
Certificates of deposit, $100M or more               5,024           10,798           2,746                --          18,568 
Other certificates of deposit                       18,830           45,838          25,898                --          90,566 
Borrowings                                          24,661               --              --                --          24,661 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total interest-bearing liabilities               63,760          102,370          69,296                --         235,426 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Period gap                                          75,371          (81,905)         (6,195)           78,856 
Cumulative gap                                    $ 75,371          $(6,534)       $(12,729)         $ 66,127 
Ratio of cumulative gap to total earning assets      24.99%           (2.17)%         (4.22)%           21.93% 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

The following tables provide information about the Corporation's financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates as of 
December 31, 1998 and 1997, based on the information and assumptions set forth in the notes. The Corporation believes that the assumptions 
utilized are reasonable. The expected maturity date values for loans were calculated by adjusting the instruments' contractual maturity date for 
expectations of prepayments, as set forth in the notes. Similarly, expected maturity date values for interest-bearing core deposits were 
calculated based on estimates of the period over which the deposits would be outstanding, as set forth in the notes. From a risk-management 
perspective, however, the Corporation utilizes both maturity and repricing dates, as opposed to solely using expected maturity dates.  

As shown in the table, there have been no significant changes in the maturities of interest-earning assets or liabilities. The large increase in 
loans held for sale maturing within one year is a result of increased production at the Mortgage Corporation.All loans originated at the 
Mortgage Corporation are usually sold within one month. The increase in borrowings is also a result of increased production at the Mortgage 
Corporation. Funds are borrowed from the FHLB to fund loans originated and subsequently sold by the Mortgage Corporation.  

14  

 
TABLE 4: MATURITY OF INTEREST-BEARING ASSETS/LIABILITIES  

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                Principal Amount Maturing in: 
DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS             1 Year    2 Years     3 Years     4 Years   5  Years     Thereafter     Total   Fair Value 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Earning Assets: 
Fixed rate loans(1)(2) 
   December 31, 1998            $39,706    $ 9,700    $  8,355    $  6,344   $  4,900     $ 16,792    $ 85,797  $  87,051 
   December 31, 1997             28,233     10,478       7,614       6,283      5,161       18,282      76,051     75,882 
  Average interest rate 
   December 31, 1998              8.92%      8.67%       8.32%       8.07%      7.97%        7.86%       8.51% 
   December 31, 1997              9.28%      8.75%       8.33%       8.07%      7.92%        7.83%       8.57% 
Variable rate loans(1)(2) 
   December 31, 1998            $18,459    $ 7,019    $  6,135    $  5,590   $  5,448     $ 45,168    $ 87,819  $  89,477 
   December 31, 1997             18,804      7,637       5,830       5,273      4,728       39,641      81,913     82,106 
  Average interest rate 
   December 31, 1998              8.84%      8.45%       8.40%       8.37%      8.31%        8.30%       8.44% 
   December 31, 1997              8.80%      8.83%       8.63%       8.61%      8.60%        8.61%       8.79% 
Loans held for sale 
   December 31, 1998           $ 66,993    $    --    $     --    $     --   $     --     $     --    $ 66,993  $  68,098 
   December 31, 1997             24,479         --          --          --         --           --      24,479     24,807 
  Average interest rate 
   December 31, 1998              6.24%         --          --          --         --           --       6.24% 
   December 31, 1997              6.28%         --          --          --         --           --       6.28% 
Securities(3)(4) 
   December 31, 1998            $ 3,969    $   495    $  2,040    $  1,384   $  2,351     $ 51,758    $ 61,997  $  64,459 
   December 31, 1997              6,300      4,167       1,950       2,039      1,378       60,652      76,486     78,541 
  Average interest rate 
   December 31, 1998              6.92%      6.70%       7.32%       5.82%      5.99%        5.52%       5.69% 
   December 31, 1997              7.95%      6.66%       6.59%       7.32%      5.82%        6.17%       6.38% 

Interest-Bearing Liabilities: 
Money market, savings, and interest- 
   bearing transaction accounts(5) 
   December 31, 1998            $60,979    $10,163    $ 10,163    $ 10,163   $ 10,163     $     --    $101,631 $  101,604 
   December 31, 1997             57,063      9,511       9,511       9,510      9,510           --      95,105     95,199 
  Average interest rate 
   December 31, 1998              2.98%      2.98%       2.98%       2.98%      2.98%          --        2.98% 
   December 31, 1997              3.00%      3.01%       2.98%       2.95%      2.92%          --        2.99% 
Certificates of deposit 
   December 31, 1998           $ 80,490    $21,629    $  2,369    $  1,272   $  3,029     $    345    $109,134 $  109,714 
   December 31, 1997             76,767     16,552       5,689         432      1,326          347     101,113    101,275 
  Average interest rate 
   December 31, 1998              5.02%      5.50%       5.30%       5.81%      5.67%        3.52%       5.15% 
   December 31, 1997              5.09%      5.46%       6.08%       5.37%      5.81%        3.55%       5.21% 
Borrowings 
   December 31, 1998            $14,661    $    --    $ 10,000    $     --   $     --     $     --    $ 24,661  $  24,658 
   December 31, 1997              9,336         --          --          --         --           --       9,336      9,336 
  Average interest rate 
   December 31, 1998              4.68%         --       4.98%          --         --           --       4.80% 
   December 31, 1997              5.16%         --         --           --         --           --       5.16% 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

(1) Net of undisbursed loan proceeds and does not include net deferred loan fees or the allowance for loan losses.  
(2) For single-family residential loans, assumes annual prepayment rate of 12%. No prepayment assumptions were used for all other loans.  
(3) Includes the Corporation's investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock.  
(4) Average interest rates are the average of stated coupon rates and have not been adjusted for taxes.  
(5) For money market, savings, and interest-bearing transaction accounts, assumes an annual decay rate of 60% for year 1 and 10% for each of 
the years 2 through 5.  

15  

 
 
Non-Interest Income  

TABLE 5: NON-INTEREST INCOME  

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                   Year Ended December 31, 
Dollars in thousands                       1998             1997          1996 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Gain on sale of loans                  $   7,129       $   4,056     $    2,688 
Service charges on deposit accounts        1,033           1,013            983 
Other service charges and fees             1,867             987            665 
Other income                                 981             602            343 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                       $  11,010       $   6,658     $    4,679 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

1998 vs. 1997  
Non-interest income increased by $4.4 million, or 65.4% over 1997. The majority of the increase was attributed to an approximate $3.1 million 
increase in the gain on the sale of loans resulting from an increase in loan production at the Mortgage Corporation. Loan closings at the 
Mortgage Corporation totaled $524 million in 1998 compared to $286 million in 1997 and $174 million in 1996. Other service charges and fees 
increased $880,000, or 89.1% over 1997. The majority of this was attributed to fees associated with loan closings at the Mortgage Corporation. 
Other income increased approximately $379,000, or 63% over 1997. The majority of this income is attributed to increased income at C&F Title 
Agency, Inc. (the "Title Agency"). The increase in income at the Title Agency is a direct result of the increased loan closings at the Mortgage 
Corporation.  

1997 vs. 1996  
Non-interest income increased by $2.0 million, or 42.3% over 1996. The majority of the increase was attributed to an approximate $1.4 million 
increase in gain on the sale of loans resulting from an increase in loan production at the Mortgage Corporation. Loan closings totaled $286 
million in 1997 compared to $174 million in 1996 and $2.0 million in 1995. Other service charges and fees increased $322,000, or 48.4% over 
1996, due to increased activity at both the Bank and the Mortgage Corporation. At the Mortgage Corporation, the increase was directly 
correlated to the increase in loan closings, while at the Bank the increase was attributed to, among other things, fees associated with the Bank's 
check and credit card programs, as well as letter of credit fees. Other income increased by $258,000, or 75% over 1996, primarily as the result 
of improvements at all three of the Bank's subsidiaries. At the Mortgage Corporation, the increase was again directly related to loan production; 
during 1997, C&F Investment Services, Inc., saw an increase in income as a result of stronger demand for its services both from current 
customers as well as from many new ones. In January 1997, the Bank and Mortgage Corporation joined together to form the Corporation's own 
title agency using its subsidiary, C&F Title Agency, Inc. Prior to this, the Title Agency owned a small portion of a jointly owned agency; 
however, that partial ownership interest was sold and a wholly owned agency was formed.  

Non-Interest Expense  

TABLE 6: NON-INTEREST EXPENSE  

------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                            Year Ended December 31, 
Dollars in thousands                 1998            1997            1996 
------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Salaries and employee benefits   $   8,286      $   6,332      $    5,974 
Occupancy expense                    2,010          1,799           1,801 
Goodwill amortization                  275            275             282 
Other expenses                       4,411          3,132           2,237 
------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                 $  14,982      $  11,538      $   10,294 
------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

1998 vs. 1997  
Non-interest expense increased $3.4 million, or 29.9% over 1997. $2.0 million of this increase resulted from increased salaries and employee 
benefits. The majority of this increase can be attributed to increased commissions at the Mortgage Corporation, which was a result of increased 
loan closings. The remainder of the increase in salaries and employee benefits is a result of general pay increases along with the addition of 
new employees at both the Bank and the Mortgage Corporation. Other expenses increased by $1.3 million, or 43% over 1997. The majority of 
this increase can be associated with costs related to the increase in loan closings at the Mortgage Corporation. The remainder of the increase 
can be attributed to general expenses at the Bank including $100,000 in costs associated with the Year 2000 (Y2K) issue.  

1997 vs. 1996  
Non-interest expense increased $1.2 million, or 12.1% over 1996. Of this increase, $358,000 resulted from increased salaries and employee 
benefits costs. The majority of this increase can be attributed to general pay increases along with the addition of new employees. Other 
expenses increased  

16  

 
 
 
 
by $912,000. At the Mortgage Corporation, other expenses increased by $493,000, which was a result of increased loan closings during 1997. 
At the Bank, other expenses increased by approximately $245,000. This increase was a result of, among other things, increased employee 
training costs, costs associated with the Bank's check and credit card programs, and costs associated with technology. During the year, the Bank 
upgraded the majority of the personal computers used by its employees and also incurred costs associated with the Y2K issue. Other expenses 
also increased as a result of general corporate expenses. During 1997, the Corporation incurred expenses associated with listing on the Nasdaq 
National Market System and other expenses relating to increasing the awareness of the Corporation's stock.  

YEAR 2000 ISSUE  
The Y2K issue involves the risk that computer programs and computer systems may not be able to perform without interruption into the year 
2000. If computer systems do not correctly recognize the date change from December 31, 1999 to January 1, 2000, computer applications that 
rely on the date field could fail or create erroneous results. Such erroneous results could affect interest payments or due dates and could cause 
the temporary inability to process transactions and to engage in ordinary business activities. The failure of the Corporation, its suppliers, and its 
borrowers to address the Y2K issue could have a material adverse effect on the Corporation's financial condition, results of operations, or 
liquidity.  

In 1997, the Corporation initiated a review and assessment of all hardware and software to confirm that it will function properly in the year 
2000. Based on this assessment, the Corporation's mainframe hardware and banking software are currently Y2K compliant. However, testing is 
required to confirm this. Testing began in the third quarter of 1998 and will continue through the second quarter of 1999. For certain other 
systems, the Corporation has determined that it will have to replace or modify certain pieces of hardware and/or software so that the systems 
will properly function in the year 2000. For systems that the Corporation relies on third-party vendors, these vendors have been contacted and 
have indicated that the hardware and/or software will be Y2K compliant.  

The Corporation has also initiated formal communications with all significant loan and deposit customers to determine the extent to which the 
Corporation is vulnerable to those third-parties' failure to remedy their own Y2K issue. The Corporation believes that exposure to customers' 
not being Y2K compliant is minimal.  

The Corporation plans to complete the majority of the Year 2000 project by June 30, 1999. To date, the Corporation has expensed $150,000 
related to the assessment of and efforts in connection with the Year 2000 issue. Remaining expenditures are not expected to have a material 
effect on the Corporation's consolidated financial statements.  

The Corporation continues to assess its risk from other environmental factors over which it has little direct control, such as electrical power 
supply, and voice and data transmission. Because of the nature of these external factors, the Corporation is not actively engaged in any repair, 
replacement, or testing efforts for these services. Based on its current assessments and remediation plans, which are based in part on certain 
representations of third-party servicers, the Corporation does not expect that it will experience a significant disruption of its operations as a 
result of the change to the new millennium. Although the Corporation has no reason to conclude that a failure will occur, the most likely worst-
case Y2K scenario would entail a disruption or failure of the Corporation's power suppliers' or voice and data transmission suppliers' capability 
to provide power or data transmission services to a computer system or a facility. If such a failure were to occur, the Corporation would 
implement a contingency plan. While it is impossible to quantify the impact of such a scenario, the most likely worst-case scenario would 
entail diminishment of service levels, some customer inconvenience, and additional, as yet not understood, costs associated with the 
implementation of the contingency plan.  

For the computer systems and facilities that it has determined to be most critical, the Corporation expects to complete development, testing, and 
adoption and testing of business contingency plans by June 30, 1999. These plans will conform to recently issued guidelines from the FFIEC 
on business contingency planning for Y2K readiness. Contingency plans will include, among other actions, manual workarounds and 
identification of resource requirements and alternative solutions for resuming critical business processes in the event of a Y2K-related failure. 
While the Corporation will have contingency plans in place to address a temporary disruption in these services, there can be no assurance that 
any disruption or failure will be only temporary, that the Corporation's contingency plans will function as anticipated, or that the results of 
operations, financial condition, or liquidity of the Corporation will not be adversely affected in the event of a prolonged disruption or failure.  

Additionally, there can be no assurance that the FFIEC or other federal regulators will not issue new regulatory requirements that require 
additional work by the Corporation and, if issued, that new regulatory requirements will not increase the cost or delay the completion of the 
Corporation's Y2K project.  

The costs of the project and the date on which the Corporation plans to complete the Y2K modifications are based on management's best 
estimates, which were derived utilizing numerous assumptions of future events including the continued availability of certain resources, third-
party modification plans, and other factors. However, there can be no guarantee that these estimates will be achieved, and actual results could 
differ materially from those plans. Specific factors that might cause such material differences include, but are not limited to, the availability of 
personnel trained  

17  

in this area, the ability of third-party vendors to correct their software and hardware, the ability of significant customers to remedy their Year 
2000 issues, and similar uncertainties.  

Income Taxes  
Applicable income taxes on 1998 earnings amounted to $2,353,000, resulting in an effective tax rate of 27.7% compared to $1,614,000, or 
24.6%, in 1997, and $959,000, or 19.0%, in 1996. The increase in the effective tax rate is a result of the increase in earnings subject to a 34% 
tax rate versus earnings subject to no taxes, such as certain loans to municipalities or investments in obligations of states and political 
subdivisions.  

TABLE 7: ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES  

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                           Year Ended December 31, 
(Dollars in thousands)                           1998        1997       1996        1995        1994 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Reserve, beginning of period                 $   2,234   $  1,927    $  1,914    $  1,895    $  1,895 
Provision for loan losses                          600        330          30          --           8 
Loans charged off: 
   Real estate--mortgage                            33         12          --          --          18 
   Real estate--construction                        --         --          --          --          -- 

   Commercial, financial, and agricultural          --          3           4           4           7 
   Consumer                                         66         12          25           4           1 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total loans charged off                             99         27          29           8          26 
Recoveries of loans previously charged off: 
   Real estate--mortgage                            25         --           1          19          -- 
   Real estate--construction                        --         --          --          --          -- 
Commercial, financial, and agricultural             --         --          11          --           8 
   Consumer                                         --          4          --           8          10 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total recoveries                                 25          4          12          27          18 
Net loans charged off                               74         23          17         (19)          8 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Balance, end of period                        $  2,760   $  2,234    $  1,927    $  1,914    $  1,895 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Ratio of net charge-offs to average total loans 
   outstanding during period                       .04%       .01%        .01%       (.01%)       .01% 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

18  

 
 
TABLE 8: ALLOCATION OF ALLOWANCE FOR POSSIBLE LOAN LOSSES  

The allowance for loan losses is a general allowance applicable to all loan categories; however, management has allocated the allowance to 
provide an indication of the relative risk characteristics of the loan portfolio. The allocation is an estimate and should not be interpreted as an 
indication that charge-offs in 1999 will occur in these amounts, or that the allocation indicates future trends. The allocation of the allowance at 
December 31 for the years indicated and the ratio of related outstanding loan balances to total loans are as follows:  

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
(Dollars in thousands)                                  1998        1997       1996        1995      1994 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Allocation of allowance for possible loan losses, 
  end of year: 
Real estate--mortgage                                 $   667    $   692     $  873     $   786    $   751 
Real estate--construction                                 108         89         69          34         26 
Commercial, financial, and agricultural                 1,211        926        733         352        260 
Equity lines                                               86         71         62          60         62 
Consumer                                                  251        167        160          93         69 
Unallocated                                               437        289         30         589        727 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Balance, December 31                                  $ 2,760    $ 2,234     $1,927     $ 1,914    $ 1,895 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Ratio of loans to total year-end loans: 
Real estate--mortgage                                      50%        57%        62%         70%        71% 
Real estate--construction                                   3          3          2           2          1 
Commercial, financial, and agricultural                    36         31         26          19         19 
Equity lines                                                5          4          5           5          6 
Consumer                                                    6          5          5           4          3 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                          100%       100%       100%        100%       100% 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Asset Quality-Allowance/Provision For Loan Losses The allowance for loan losses is to provide for potential losses inherent in the loan 
portfolio. Among other factors, management considers the Corporation's historical loss experience, the size and composition of the loan 
portfolio, the value and adequacy of collateral and guarantors, non-performing credits, and current and anticipated economic conditions. There 
are additional risks of future loan losses which cannot be precisely quantified or attributed to particular loans or classes of loans. Since those 
risks include general economic trends as well as conditions affecting individual borrowers, the allowance for loan losses is an estimate. The 
allowance is also subject to regulatory examinations and determination as to adequacy, which may take into account such factors as the 
methodology used to calculate the allowance and the size of the allowance in comparison to peer banks identified by regulatory agencies.  

In 1998, the Corporation had $600,000 in provision for loan losses compared to $330,000 in 1997 and $30,000 in 1996. The increase in 
provision is a result of management's recognition of risks associated with the reduction in residential real estate loans and increasing the 
volume of commercial and commercial real estate loans. Loans charged off during 1998 amounted to $99,000 compared to $27,000 in 1997 
and $29,000 in 1996. Recoveries amounted to $25,000, $4,000, and $12,000 in 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. The ratio of net charge-offs 
to average outstanding loans was .04% in 1998, .01% in 1997, and 0.1% in 1996. Management feels that the reserve is adequate to absorb any 
losses on existing loans that may become uncollectible. Table 7 presents the Corporation's loan loss and recovery experience for the past five 
years.  

Non-Performing Assets  
Total non-performing assets, which consist of the Corporation's non-accrual loans and real estate owned, was $463,000 at December 31, 1998, 
a decrease of $478,000 from December 31, 1997. The decrease over 1997 was primarily the result of the sale of a single-family home which 
was foreclosed on by the Mortgage Corporation.  

The Corporation places a loan on non-accrual status when management believes, after considering economic and business conditions and 
collection efforts, that the borrower's financial condition is such that collection of both principal and interest is doubtful. Corporate policy is to 
place loans on non-accrual status if principal or interest is past due for ninety days or more unless the debt is both well secured and in the 
process of being collected. For 1998, $37,000 in gross interest income would have been recorded if non-accrual loans had been current 
throughout the period outstanding. For the period ended December 31, 1998, interest income received on non-accrual loans was $16,000.  

19  

 
Table 9 summarizes non-performing assets for the past five years.  

TABLE 9: NON-PERFORMING ASSET ACTIVITY  

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
(Dollars in thousands)                       1998       1997      1996        1995     1994 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Non-accrual loans                          $  463    $   497    $  525    $   907    $1,331 
Real estate owned                              --        444         --        --        -- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Total non-performing assets                463        941       525        907     1,331 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Principal and/or interest past due 
   for 90 days or more                     $  958    $   768    $  260    $   180    $  412 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Non-performing loans to total loans           .27%       .31%      .38%       .81%     1.27% 
Allowance for loan losses to total loans     1.60       1.42      1.39       1.71      1.81 
Allowance for loan losses to 
   non-performing loans                    596.11     449.30    367.05     211.03    142.37 
Non-performing assets to total assets         .14%       .34%      .20%       .38%      .70% 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Financial Condition  
Summary  
A financial institution's primary sources of revenue are generated by its earning assets, while its major expenses are produced by the funding of 
those assets with interest-bearing liabilities. Effective management of these sources and uses of funds is essential in attaining a financial 
institution's maximum profitability while maintaining a minimum amount of risk.  

At the end of 1998, the Corporation had total assets of $321 million, up 15.4% over the previous year-end. In 1997, there was an increase of 
8.4% in total assets over year-end 1996. Asset growth in 1998 and 1997 is attributed to increases in loans held for sale, which resulted from 
increased loan closings at the Mortgage Corporation and the overall expansion and growth of the Bank.  

TABLE 10: SUMMARY OF TOTAL LOANS  

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                  Year Ended December 31, 
(Dollars in thousands)                       1998         1997          1996          1995           1994 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Real estate--mortgage                      $ 86,311     $ 88,973     $  86,324      $ 77,924      $  74,221 
Real estate--construction                     5,359        4,454         3,415         1,681          1,308 
Commercial, financial, and agricultural(1)   62,885       48,737        36,385        21,719         19,379 
Equity lines                                  8,580        7,131         6,180         5,954          6,223 
Consumer                                      9,543        7,683         6,355         4,648          3,414 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total loans                                 172,678      156,978       138,659       111,926        104,545 
Less allowance for possible loan losses      (2,760)      (2,233)       (1,927)       (1,914)        (1,895) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total loans, net                           $169,918     $154,745     $ 136,732      $110,012      $ 102,650 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

1 Includes loans secured by real estate  

TABLE 11: MATURITY/REPRICING SCHEDULE OF LOANS  

--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                             December 31, 1998 
                           Commercial, financial,              Real estate 
(Dollars in thousands)        and agricultural                construction 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
VariableRate: 
   Within 1 year                $    12,803                     $ -- 
   1 to 5 years                       7,914                       -- 
   After 5 years                     17,121                       -- 
Fixed Rate: 
   Within 1 year                     23,079                     5,359 

 
 
   1 to 5 years                       1,360                       -- 
   After 5 years                        608                       -- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

20  

 
Loan Portfolio  
At December 31, 1998, loans, net of unearned income and reserve for loan losses, totaled $169.9 million, an increase of 9.8% over the 1997 
total of $154.7 million. Net loans increased 13.2% and 24.3% in 1997 and 1996, respectively.  

The Corporation's lending activities are its principal source of income. All loans are attributable to domestic operations. Residential real estate 
loans, both construction and permanent, represent the major portion of the Corporation's loan portfolio, although commercial loans continue to 
increase as a percentage of total loans. Tables 10 and 11 present information pertaining to the composition of loans including unearned income 
and the maturity/repricing of loans.  

TABLE 12: MATURITY OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES  

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                             Year Ended December 31, 
                                                           1998                       1997                         1996 
                                                           ----                       ----                         ---- 
                                                               Weighted                   Weighted                     Weighted 
                                                   Amortized   Average        Amortized   Average         Amortized    Average 
(Dollars in thousands)                                Cost      Yield           Cost       Yield            Cost        Yield 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
U.S. government agencies and corporations: 
Maturing within 1 year                             $    999      8.46%        $  5,500       8.06%         $  2,000      7.20% 
Maturing after 1 year, but within 5 years               500      6.21            1,998       7.43            10,585      7.64 
Maturing after 5 years, but within 10 years           3,500      6.76           12,498       6.75            23,472      7.09 
Maturing after 10 years                               8,498      6.96           11,998       7.30             4,000      8.00 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total U.S. government agencies and corporations      13,497      6.99           31,994       7.22            40,057      7.33 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
U.S. Treasuries: 
Maturing within 1 year                                1,999      5.94               --         --                --        -- 
Maturing after 1 year, but within 5 years             1,000      8.02            2,998       6.63             2,997      6.63 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total U.S. Treasuries                                 2,999      6.63            2,998       6.63             2,997      6.63 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
State and municipals:(1) 
Maturing within 1 year                                  971     10.18              850      10.11             1,525      9.80% 
Maturing after 1 year, but within 5 years             4,770      9.46            4,188       9.85             5,544     10.08 
Maturing after 5 years, but within 10 years          13,163      8.42           10,666       8.74             9,040      8.76 
Maturing after 10 years                              20,121      7.90           20,425       8.11            21,680      8.15 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total state and municipals                           39,025      8.33           36,129       8.55            37,789      8.65 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Other securities: 
Maturing within 1 year                                   --      --                300       8.62                --       -- 
Maturing after 1 year, but within 5 years                --      --                 --        --                300      8.62 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total other securities                                   --      --                300       8.62               300      8.62 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total investment securities:(2) 
Maturing within 1 year                                3,969      7.76            6,650       8.37             3,525      8.32 
Maturing after 1 year, but within 5 years             6,270      8.95            9,184       8.29            19,426      8.20 
Maturing after 5 years, but within 10 years          16,663      8.06           23,164       7.63            32,512      7.55 
Maturing after 10 years                              28,619      7.62           32,423       7.81            25,680      8.13 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total investment securities                        $ 55,521      7.91%        $ 71,421       7.87%         $ 81,143      7.92% 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

1 Yields on tax-exempt securities have been computed on a tax-equivalent basis. 2 Total investment securities excludes preferred stock at 
$4,770,000, $4,004,000, and $4,531,000 amortized cost at December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively, or $5,104,000, $4,296,000, and 
$4,607,000 estimated fair value at December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively.  

Investment Securities  
The investment portfolio plays a primary role in the management of interest rate sensitivity of the Corporation and generates substantial interest 
income. In addition, the portfolio serves as a source of liquidity and is used as needed to meet collateral requirements.  

The investment portfolio consists of two components, investment securities held to maturity and securities available for sale. Securities are 
classified as investment securities based on management's intent and the Corporation's ability, at the time of purchase, to hold such securities to 
matu-  

21  

 
rity. These securities are carried at amortized cost. Securities which may be sold in response to changes in market interest rates, changes in the 
securities' prepayment risk, increases in loan demand, general liquidity needs, and other similar factors are classified as available for sale and 
are carried at estimated fair value.  

At year-end 1998, total investment securities at amortized cost were $60.3 million, down 20.1% from $75.4 million at year-end 1997. 
Securities of U.S. government agencies and corporations represented 22.4% of the total securities portfolio, obligations of states and political 
subdivisions were 64.7%, U.S. Treasury securities were 5.0%, and preferred stocks were 7.9% at December 31, 1998. The decline in the 
securities portfolio is due to both maturities of securities and securities with higher yields being called because of the falling interest rate 
environment during 1998. It is management's intention to invest the majority of the proceeds from the maturities and calls of securities into 
loans; however, when excess funds are available, new securities will be purchased.  

Table 12 presents information pertaining to the composition of the investment securities portfolio.  

TABLE 13: AVERAGE DEPOSITS AND RATES PAID  

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                         Year Ended December 31, 
                                                      1998                        1997                       1996 
                                                Average   Average          Average   Average          Average     Average 
    (Dollars in thousands)                      Balance    Rate            Balance    Rate            Balance      Rate 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits          $ 35,987                  $  31,449                  $   26,741 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Interest-bearing transaction accounts           37,178     2.42%           34,594     2.57%            33,256      2.68% 
Money market deposit accounts                   21,984     3.27            23,416     3.28             20,468      3.28 
Savings accounts                                35,094     3.23            33,037     3.20             31,550      3.13 
Certificates of deposit, $100M or more          16,670     4.91            14,137     3.30             13,774      3.54 
Other certificates of deposit                   87,938     5.25            82,655     5.44             80,412      5.49 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total interest-bearing deposits                198,864     4.12%          187,839     4.09%           179,460      4.15% 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total deposits                                $234,851                   $219,288                   $ 206,201 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

TABLE 14: MATURITIES OF CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT WITH BALANCES OF $100,000 OR MORE  

------------------------------------------- 
(Dollars in thousands)    December 31, 1998 
------------------------------------------- 
3 months or less                  $   5,024 
3-6 months                            2,330 
6-12 months                           8,468 
Over 12 months                        2,746 
------------------------------------------- 
Total                              $ 18,568 
------------------------------------------- 

Deposits  
The Corporation's predominate source of funds is depository accounts. The Corporation's deposit base is comprised of demand deposits, 
savings and money market accounts, and time deposits. The Corporation's deposits are provided by individuals and businesses located within 
the communities served.  

Total deposits increased $20.1 million, or 8.7%, in 1998 over 1997. In 1998, the growth by deposit category was a 15.9% increase in non-
interest-bearing deposits, a 6.8% increase in savings and interest-bearing demand deposits, and a 7.9% increase in time deposits. In 1997, total 
deposits increased $15.1 million, or 7.0% over 1996. Deposit growth in 1998 and 1997 was attributed to growth at existing branch locations. 
Table 13 presents the average deposit balances and average rates paid for the years 1998, 1997, and 1996. Table 14 details maturities of 
certificates of deposit with balances of $100,000 and over at December 31, 1998.  

Liquidity  
Liquidity represents an institution's ability to meet present and future financial obligations through either the sale or maturity of existing assets 
or the acquisition of additional funds through liability management. Liquid assets include cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits 
with banks, federal funds sold, securities available for sale, and investments and loans maturing within one year. As a result of the 
Corporation's management of liquid assets and the ability to generate liquidity through liability funding, management believes that the 
Corporation maintains overall liquidity sufficient to satisfy its depositors' requirements and to meet customers' credit needs.  

22  

 
 
 
At December 31, 1998, cash, securities classified as available for sale, and federal funds sold were 10.1% of total earning assets, compared to 
15.0% at December 31, 1997.  

Additional sources of liquidity available to the Corporation include the Bank's capacity to borrow funds through an established line of credit 
with a regional correspondent bank and the Federal Home Loan Bank.  

Capital Resources  
The assessment of capital adequacy depends on a number of factors such as asset quality, liquidity, earnings performance, and changing 
competitive conditions and economic forces. The adequacy of the Corporation's capital is reviewed by management on an ongoing basis. 
Management seeks to maintain a capital structure that will assure an adequate level of capital to support anticipated asset growth and to absorb 
potential losses.  

On April 4, 1997, the Corporation repurchased 204,683 shares of its common stock. In addition, the Corporation repurchased a total of 119,803 
shares of its common stock during 1996. These repurchases were made to reduce capital as it was high relative to the Corporation's asset size.  

The Corporation's capital position continues to exceed regulatory requirements. The primary indicators relied on by bank regulators in 
measuring the capital position are the Tier I capital, total risk-based capital, and leverage ratios. Tier I capital consists of common and 
qualifying preferred shareholders' equity less goodwill. Total capital consists of Tier I capital, qualifying subordinated debt, and a portion of the 
allowance for loan losses. Risk-based capital ratios are calculated with reference to risk-weighted assets. The Corporation's Tier I capital ratio 
was 12.5% at December 31, 1998, compared to 14.1% at December 31, 1997. The total capital ratio was 13.4% at December 31, 1998, 
compared to 15.2% at December 31, 1997. These ratios are in excess of the mandated minimum requirement of 4.0% and 8.0%, respectively.  

Shareholders' equity was $36.6 million at year-end 1998 compared to $31.8 million at year-end 1997. The leverage ratio consists of Tier I 
capital divided by average assets. At December 31, 1998, the Corporation's leverage ratio was 11.5%, compared to 11.4% at December 31, 
1997. Each of these exceeds the required minimum leverage ratio of 3.0%. The dividend payout ratio was 27.7%, 27.8%, and 33.6%, in 1998, 
1997, and 1996, respectively. During 1998, the Corporation paid dividends of $0.44 per share, up 25.7% from $0.35 per share paid in 1997.  

The Corporation is not aware of any current recommendations by any regulatory authorities which, if they were implemented, would have a 
material effect on the Corporation's liquidity, capital resources, or results of operations.  

New Accounting Pronouncements  
In June 1998, FASB issued FAS 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." FAS 133 establishes accounting and 
reporting standards for derivative financial instruments and other similar financial instruments and for hedging activities. The standard also 
allows securities classified as held-to-maturity to be transferred to the available-for-sale category at the date of initial application of this 
standard. FAS 133 is effective for all fiscal years beginning after June 15, 1999. Management is currently reviewing this statement to determine 
the impact, if any, it will have since the Corporation currently has no derivative instruments.  

In October 1998, the FASB issued Statement No. 134, "Accounting for Mortgage-Backed Securities Retained after the Securitization of 
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale by a Mortgage Banking Enterprise, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 65." FASB Statement No. 65, as 
amended, requires that, after securitization of a mortgage loan held for sale, an entity engaged in mortgage banking activities classify the 
resulting mortgage-backed security as a trading security. This statement further amends Statement No. 65 to require that after the securitization 
of mortgage loans held for sale, an entity engaged in mortgage banking activities classify the resulting mortgage-backed securities or other 
retained interests based on its ability and intent to sell or hold those investments. This statement conforms the subsequent accounting for 
securities retained after the securitization of mortgage loans by a mortgage banking enterprise with the subsequent accounting for securities 
retained after the securitization of other types of assets by a non-mortgage banking enterprise. This statement is effective beginning in 1999. 
This statement is not expected to have a material effect on the Corporation's financial statements.  

Effects Of Inflation  
The effect of changing prices on financial institutions is typically different from other industries as the Corporation's assets and liabilities are 
monetary in nature. Interest rates are significantly impacted by inflation, but neither the timing nor the magnitude of the changes are directly 
related to price-level indices. The consolidated financial statements reflect the impacts of inflation on interest rates, loan demands, and 
deposits.  

Safe Harbor Statement Under The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  

The statements contained in this annual report that are not historical facts may be forward looking statements. The forward looking statements 
are subject to certain risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or those anticipated. 
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward looking statements, which speak only as of their dates.  

23  

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS  

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                                        December 31, 
                                                                          1998                                1997 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Assets 
Cash and due from banks                                             $  8,139,884                       $  7,843,788 
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks                                 333,356                          1,027,023 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total cash and cash equivalents                                   8,473,240                          8,870,811 
Investment securities--available for sale at fair value, 
   amortized cost of $21,480,714 and $29,497,833, respectively        21,888,295                         29,793,498 
Investment securities--held to maturity at amortized cost, 
   fair value of $40,864,681 and $47,685,859, respectively            38,810,290                         45,926,549 
Loans held for sale, net                                              66,993,322                         24,479,103 
Loans, net                                                           169,918,428                        154,744,620 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock                                           1,706,200                          1,061,800 
Corporate premises and equipment, net                                  6,465,375                          6,581,568 
Accrued interest receivable                                            2,373,783                          2,195,959 
Other assets                                                           4,234,696                          4,452,061 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total assets                                                   $320,863,629                       $278,105,969 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Liabilities 
Deposits 
   Non-interest-bearing demand deposits                             $ 40,907,814                       $ 35,295,210 
   Savings and interest-bearing demand deposits                      101,631,148                         95,105,425 
   Time deposits                                                     109,134,197                        101,112,517 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total deposits                                                  251,673,159                        231,513,152 
Borrowings                                                            24,661,078                          9,335,687 
Accrued interest payable                                                 598,146                            592,300 
Other liabilities                                                      7,283,753                          4,864,297 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total liabilities                                               284,216,136                        246,305,436 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Commitments and contingent liabilities 

Shareholders' Equity 
Preferred stock ($1.00 par value, 3,000,000 shares authorized)                --                                 -- 
Common stock ($1.00 par value, 8,000,000 shares authorized, 
   3,866,888 and 1,916,190 shares issued and outstanding 
   at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively)                        3,866,888                          1,916,190 
Additional paid-in capital                                               475,928                            117,692 
Retained earnings                                                     31,739,483                         29,236,260 
Accumulated other comprehensive income, 
   net of tax of $291,161 and $273,232, respectively                     565,194                            530,391 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total shareholders' equity                                       36,647,493                         31,800,533 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total liabilities and shareholders' equity                     $320,863,629                       $278,105,969 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.  

24  

 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME  

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                          Year Ended December 31, 
                                                           1998                        1997                     1996 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Interest income 
   Interest and fees on loans                          $ 17,789,920               $ 14,656,120              $12,138,668 
   Interest on money market investments 
     Federal funds sold                                          --                         --                      678 
     Other money market investments                          68,584                     68,399                 171, 077 
   Interest on securities 
     U.S. Treasury securities                               198,883                    198,883                  340,449 
     U.S. government agencies and corporations            2,035,832                  2,422,390                3,164,782 
     Tax-exempt obligations of states and 
       political subdivisions                             2,097,657                  2,041,372                2,111,006 
     Corporate bonds and other                              426,633                    375,884                  406,338 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total interest income                               22,617,509                 19,763,048               18,332,998 
Interest expense 
   Savings and interest-bearing deposits                  2,754,417                  2,715,785                2,548,155 
   Certificates of deposit, $100M or more                   818,548                    465,701                  487,543 
   Other time deposits                                    4,616,052                  4,492,910                4,417,701 
   Short-term borrowings and other                        1,369,042                    327,905                  214,220 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total interest expense                               9,558,059                  8,002,301                7,667,619 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Net interest income                                      13,059,450                 11,760,747               10,665,379 
Provision for loan losses                                   600,000                    330,000                   30,000 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Net interest income after provision for loan 
       losses                                            12,459,450                 11,430,747               10,635,379 
Other operating income 
   Gain on sale of loans                                  7,128,998                  4,056,340                2,687,629 
   Service charges on deposit accounts                    1,032,918                  1,012,410                  982,752 
   Other service charges and fees                         1,866,763                    987,232                  665,390 
   Other income                                             980,943                    601,626                  343,144 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
      Total other operating income                       11,009,622                  6,657,608                4,678,915 
Other operating expenses 
   Salaries and employee benefits                         8,286,380                  6,332,026                5,973,650 
   Occupancy expenses                                     2,009,917                  1,798,561                1,800,904 
   Goodwill amortization                                    275,160                    275,160                  281,982 
   Other expenses                                         4,410,228                  3,131,818                2,237,684 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total other operating expenses                      14,981,685                 11,537,565               10,294,220 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Income before income taxes                                8,487,387                  6,550,790                5,020,074 
Income tax expense                                        2,353,351                  1,613,963                  958,900 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Net Income                                             $  6,134,036               $  4,936,827              $ 4,061,174 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Earnings per common share--basic                       $       1.59               $       1.26              $       .92 
Earnings per common share--assuming dilution                   1.56                       1.25                      .92 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.  

25  

 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY  

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                                                                                 Accumulated 
                                                 Additional                                         Other 
                                    Common         Paid-In     Comprehensive      Retained      Comprehensive 
                                     Stock         Capital        Income          Earnings         Income         Total 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Balance December 31, 1995        $2,230,744     $1,290,497                      $27,805,170    $   491,885   $31,818,296 

Repurchase of common stock         (119,803)    (1,301,282)                        (705,418)            --    (2,126,503) 
Stock options exercised               2,100         10,785                              --              --        12,885 
Comprehensive income 
  Net income                                                   $4,061,174         4,061,174                    4,061,174 
  Other comprehensive income, 
    net of tax 
      Unrealized holding gains 
      arising during the period 
      net of tax of $95,8991                                     (186,156)                        (186,156)     (186,156) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Comprehensive income                                           $3,875,018 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Cash dividends ($.31 per share)          --             --                       (1,365,187)            --    (1,365,187) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Balance December 31, 1996         2,113,041             --                       29,795,739        305,729    32,214,509 

Repurchase of common stock         (204,683)            --                       (4,126,518)           --     (4,331,201) 
Stock options exercised               7,832        117,692                               --            --        125,524 
Comprehensive income 
  Net income                                                   $4,963,827         4,936,827                    4,936,827 
  Other comprehensive income, 
    net of tax 
      Unrealized holding gains 
      arising during the period 
      net of tax of $115,7351                                     224,662                         224,662        224,662 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Comprehensive income                                           $5,188,489 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Cash dividends ($.35 per share)          --             --                       (1,369,788)           --     (1,369,788) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Balance December 31, 1997         1,916,190        117,692                       29,236,260       530,391     31,800,533 

Stock options exercised              19,004        358,236                              --             --        377,240 
Comprehensive income 
  Net income                                                   $6,134,036         6,134,036                    6,134,036 
  Other comprehensive income, 
    net of tax 
      Unrealized holding gains arising 
      during the period net 
      of tax of $17,9291                                           34,803                          34,803         34,803 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Comprehensive income                                           $6,168,839 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Stock dividends                   1,931,694             --                       (1,931,694)           --             -- 
Cash dividends ($.44 per share)          --             --                       (1,699,119)           --     (1,699,119) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Balance December 31, 1998        $3,866,888     $  475,928                      $31,739,483    $  565,194    $36,647,493 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

1 THERE WERE NO RECLASSIFICATION ADJUSTMENTS FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, 
1997, AND 1996.  

SEE NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.  

26  

 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS  

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                                                                Year Ended December 31, 
                                                                  1998                   1997                     1996 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Operating Activities: 
   Net income                                               $  6,134,036           $  4,936,827            $  4,061,174 
   Adjustments to reconcile net income to 
     net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: 
       Depreciation                                              949,451                878,433                 860,290 
       Amortization of goodwill                                  275,160                275,160                 281,982 
       Deferred income taxes                                    (332,645)              (320,929)                (23,885) 
       Provision for loan losses                                 600,000                330,000                  30,000 
       Accretion of discounts and amortization of 
         premiums on investment securities, net                  (51,444)              (104,715)                (92,029) 
       Net realized loss (gain) on securities                         --                  7,180                   9,427 
       Gain on sale of corporate premises and equipment               --                     --                 (17,973) 
       Origination of loans held for sale                   (524,395,568)          (286,419,034)           (173,881,464) 
       Sale of loans                                         481,881,349            274,223,953             163,482,470 
       Change in other assets and liabilities: 
         Accrued interest receivable                            (177,824)                74,197                 169,150 
         Other assets                                            271,213               (373,662)               (177,931) 
         Accrued interest payable                                  5,846                 50,855                 (28,684) 
         Other liabilities                                     2,405,165              2,426,770               1,031,957 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
     Net cash used in operating activities                   (32,435,261)            (4,014,965)             (4,295,516) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Investing Activities: 
   Proceeds from maturities of investments held to maturity    9,674,100             25,632,350              16,355,272 
   Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments 
     available for sale                                       22,449,745              8,576,713               9,831,237 
   Purchase of investment securities held to maturity         (2,572,800)            (4,867,024)             (6,097,835) 
   Purchase of investments available for sale                (14,425,408)           (19,055,224)             (5,219,270) 
   Purchase of FHLB stock                                       (644,400)              (205,000)                (51,400) 
   Net increase in customer loans                            (15,773,808)           (18,342,603)            (26,749,697) 
   Purchase of corporate premises and equipment                 (879,180)            (1,618,414)               (960,713) 
   Proceeds from the sale of corporate 
     premises and equipment                                       45,922                170,107                  27,310 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
     Net cash used in investing activities                    (2,125,829)            (9,709,095)            (12,865,096) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Financing Activities: 
   Net increase in demand, interest-bearing 
     demand and savings deposits                              12,138,327              7,743,351               1,619,262 
   Net increase in time deposits                               8,021,680              7,347,245               2,964,659 
   Assumption of deposit liabilities in branch 
     acquisition, net of premium paid                                 --                     --               7,406,802 
   Net increase in other borrowings                           15,325,391              4,280,412               3,855,275 
   Repurchase of common stock                                         --             (4,331,201)             (2,126,503) 
   Proceeds from exercise of stock options                       377,240                125,524                  12,885 
   Cash dividends                                             (1,699,119)            (1,369,788)             (1,365,187) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
     Net cash provided by financing activities                34,163,519             13,795,543              12,367,193 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents            (397,571)                71,483              (4,793,419) 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year                 8,870,811              8,799,328              13,592,747 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year                    $  8,473,240          $   8,870,811            $  8,799,328 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Supplemental disclosure 
   Interest paid                                            $  9,552,213          $   7,951,446              $7,696,303 
   Income taxes paid                                           2,674,475              1,699,427                 903,611 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.  

27  

 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

NOTE 1: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

The accounting and reporting policies of C&F Financial Corporation and subsidiary (the "Corporation") conform to generally accepted 
accounting principles and to predominant practices within the banking industry.  

Nature of Operations: C&F Financial Corporation is a bank holding company incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. 
The Corporation owns all of the stock of its sole subsidiary, Citizens and Farmers Bank (the "Bank"), which is an independent commercial 
bank chartered under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Bank offers a wide range of banking services available to both 
individuals and small businesses.  

The Bank has three wholly owned subsidiaries, C&F Title Agency, Inc., C&F Investment Services, Inc., and C&F Mortgage Corporation, all 
incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. C&F Title Agency, Inc., organized in 1992, sells title insurance to the mortgage 
loan customers of the Bank and C&F Mortgage Corporation. C&F Investment Services, Inc., organized in April 1995, is a full-service 
brokerage firm offering a comprehensive range of investment services. C&F Mortgage Corporation, organized in September 1995, was formed 
to originate and sell residential mortgages.  

Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of C&F Financial Corporation and its 
wholly owned subsidiary, Citizens and Farmers Bank. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in 
consolidation.  

Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date 
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from 
those estimates.  

Investment Securities: Investments in debt and equity securities with readily determinable fair values are classified as either held to maturity, 
available for sale, or trading, based on management's intent. Available for sale securities are carried at estimated fair value with the 
corresponding unrealized gains and losses included in shareholders' equity on an after-tax basis. Securities classified as held to maturity are 
carried at amortized cost. The Corporation does not have any securities classified as trading securities. Gains or losses are recognized only on 
realization at the time of sale using the amortized cost of the specific security sold.  

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock: Federal Home Loan Bank stock is stated at cost. No ready market exists for this stock, and it has no quoted 
market value. For presentation purposes, such stock is assumed to have market value which is equal to cost. In addition, such stock is not 
considered a debt or equity security in accordance with SFAS 115.  

Loans: Loans are stated at face value, net of unearned discount and the allowance for loan losses. Unearned discount on certain installment 
loans is recognized as income over the terms of the loans by a method which approximates the effective interest method. Interest on other loans 
is credited to operations based on the principal amount outstanding. Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when the collection of 
principal or interest is ninety days or more past due, or earlier, if collection is uncertain based on an evaluation of the net realizable value of the 
collateral and the financial strength of the borrower. Loans greater than ninety days past due may remain on accrual status if management 
determines it has adequate collateral to cover the principal and interest. For those loans which are carried on non-accrual status, interest is 
recognized on the cash basis. Loan fees and origination costs are deferred and the net amount is amortized as an adjustment of the related loan's 
yield using the level-yield method. The Corporation is amortizing these amounts over the contractual life of the related loans.  

Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate of the loan, or, as 
a practical expedient, at the loan's observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. The Corporation 
considers a loan impaired when it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect all interest and principal payments as scheduled in 
the loan agreement. A loan is not considered impaired during a period of delay in payment if the ultimate collectibility of all amounts due is 
expected. A valuation allowance is maintained to the extent that the measure of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment.  

Consistent with the Corporation's method for non-accrual loans, interest receipts for impaired loans are recognized on the cash basis.  

Loans Held for Sale: Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market, determined in the aggregate. Market value considers 
commitment agreements with investors and prevailing market prices. Substantially all loans originated by the mortgage banking operations are 
held for sale to outside investors.  

28  

Reserve for Loan Losses: The reserve for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense. The reserve 
represents an amount which, in management's judgment, will be adequate to absorb any losses on existing loans which may become 
uncollectible. Management's judgment in determining the adequacy of the reserve is based on evaluations of the collectibility of loans while 
taking into consideration such factors as changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions which may affect 
a borrower's ability to repay, overall portfolio quality, and review of specific potential losses. Loans are charged against the reserve for loan 
losses when management believes that the collectibility of the principal is unlikely. Actual future losses may differ from estimates as a result of 
unforeseen events.  

Other Real Estate Owned: Foreclosed assets held for sale are carried at the lower of (a) fair value minus estimated costs to sell or (b) cost at the 
time of foreclosure. Such determination is made on an individual asset basis. If the fair value of the asset minus the estimated costs to sell the 
asset is less than the cost of the asset, the deficiency is recognized as a valuation allowance. If the fair value of the asset minus the estimated 
costs to sell the asset subsequently increases and the fair value of the asset minus the estimated costs to sell the asset is more than its carrying 
amount, the valuation allowance is reduced, but not below zero. Increases or decreases in the valuation allowance are charged or credited to 
income.  

Recovery of the carrying value of such real estate is dependent to a great extent on economic, operating, and other conditions that may be 
beyond the Corporation's control.  

Corporate Premises and Equipment: Corporate premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation computed using 
straight-line and accelerated methods over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives range from ten to forty years for 
buildings and from three to ten years for equipment, furniture, and fixtures. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred and 
major improvements are capitalized. Upon sale or retirement of depreciable properties, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are netted 
against proceeds and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in income.  

Income Taxes: The Corporation uses an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income 
tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will 
result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are 
expected to affect taxable income. Income tax expense is the tax payable or refundable for the period plus or minus the change during the 
period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.  

Defined Benefit Plan: In 1998, the Corporation adopted Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 132, "Employers' Disclosures about Pensions 
and Other Postretirement Benefits." This pronouncement does not change the measurement or recognition of amounts recognized in the 
Corporation's financial statements applicable to its defined benefit plan. FAS 132 revises the existing disclosure requirements by standardizing 
the disclosure requirements for pensions, requiring certain additional information on changes in the benefit obligations and fair values of plan 
assets, and eliminating certain disclosures.  

Segment Information: In 1998, the Corporation adopted Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an 
Enterprise and Related Information." FAS 131 supercedes FAS 14, "Financial Reporting for Segment of a Business Enterprise," replacing the 
"industry segment" approach with the "management" approach. The management approach designates the internal organization that is used by 
management for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Corporation's reportable segments. The adoption of 
FAS 131 did not affect the results of operations or financial position but did affect the disclosure of segment information.  

Comprehensive Income: In 1998, the Corporation adopted Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income." 
The consolidated statements of shareholders' equity have been changed to include columns for comprehensive income and accumulated other 
comprehensive income. Comprehensive income for the Corporation includes net income plus the change in the unrealized gain or loss on 
securities available for sale. Accumulated other comprehensive income includes the cumulative changes in unrealized gain or loss on securities 
available for sale. Adoption of this standard did not impact the Corporation's consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash 
flows.  

Earnings Per Share: In 1997, the Corporation adopted Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 128, "Earnings per Share." FAS 128 replaced the 
calculation of primary and fully diluted earnings per share with basic and diluted earnings per share. Unlike primary earnings per share, basic 
earnings per share excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants, and convertible securities. Diluted earnings per share is very similar to the 
previously reported fully diluted earnings per share. All earnings per share amounts for all periods have been presented and, where appropriate, 
restated to conform to the FAS 128 requirements.  

Shareholders' Equity: On April 4, 1997, the Corporation repurchased 204,683 shares of its common stock at a price of $21.00 per share. During 
1996 the Corporation repurchased a total of 119,803 shares of its common stock from three shareholders in three independently negotiated 
transactions at a price of $17.75 per share.  

29  

On June 16, 1998, the Corporation declared a 100% stock dividend in the form of a two-for-one stock split. All the financial data included in 
this Annual Report has been retroactively restated to reflect the effect of the stock split.  

Statement of Cash Flows: For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, the Corporation considers cash equivalents to include amounts due 
from banks, federal funds sold, and money market investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less. Generally, federal funds are 
purchased and sold for one-day periods.  

NOTE 2: INVESTMENT SECURITIES  

Debt and equity securities are summarized as follows:  

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                                December 31, 1998 
                                                                            Gross              Gross            Estimated 
                                                   Amortized             Unrealized         Unrealized            Fair 
Available for Sale                                    Cost                Gains               Losses              Value 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
U.S. Treasury securities                           $1,999,696          $   7,179           $     --           $ 2,006,875 
U.S. government agencies and corporations          12,497,651             64,342              (5,744)          12,556,249 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions    2,213,698             11,338              (3,575)           2,221,461 
Preferred stock                                     4,769,669            366,326             (32,285)           5,103,710 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                  $21,480,714         $  449,185           $ (41,604)         $21,888,295 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Held to Maturity 
U.S. Treasury securities                           $  999,678         $   75,009           $     --            $1,074,687 
U.S. government agencies and corporations             999,296             29,141                 --             1,028,437 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions   36,811,316          1,950,241                 --            38,761,557 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                  $38,810,290         $2,054,391           $     --           $40,864,681 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                                December 31, 1997 
                                                                            Gross               Gross           Estimated 
                                                   Amortized             Unrealized          Unrealized           Fair 
Available for Sale                                    Cost                Gains                Losses             Value 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
U.S. Treasury securities                           $1,998,449          $   7,177           $     --           $ 2,005,626 
U.S. government agencies and corporations          23,495,722             27,715             (31,234)          23,492,203 
Preferred stock                                     4,003,662            292,007                 --             4,295,669 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                  $29,497,833         $  326,899           $ (31,234)         $29,793,498 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Held to Maturity 
U.S. Treasury securities                           $  999,543          $  68,270           $     --            $1,067,813 
U.S. government agencies and corporations           8,498,250             82,321                 --             8,580,571 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions   36,128,774          1,617,875             (11,304)          37,735,345 
Corporate bonds                                       299,982              2,148                 --               302,130 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                  $45,926,549         $1,770,614           $ (11,304)         $47,685,859 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

30  

 
 
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at December 31, 1998, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected 
maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to prepay obligations with or without call or 
prepayment penalties.  

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                      December 31, 1998 
                                              Amortized                Estimated 
Available for Sale                              Cost                  Fair Value 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Due in one year or less                   $   1,999,695            $   2,006,875 
Due after one year through five years           500,000                  524,050 
Due after five years through ten years        3,500,000                3,517,944 
Due after ten years                          10,711,350               10,735,716 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                             16,711,045               16,784,585 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Preferred Stock                               4,769,669                5,103,710 
                                          $  21,480,714            $  21,888,295 
Held to Maturity 
Due in one year or less                    $  1,969,296            $   2,008,195 
Due after one year through five years         5,770,981                6,076,468 
Due after five years through ten years       13,162,923               13,965,213 
Due after ten years                          17,907,090               18,814,805 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                          $  38,810,290            $  40,864,681 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Proceeds from maturities and the redemption of call provisions of investment securities held to maturity in 1998 were $9,674,100. There were 
no realized gains or losses. Proceeds from maturities and the redemption of call provisions of investment securities available for sale were 
$22,449,745. There were no realized gains or losses. The amortized cost and approximate market value of securities pledged to secure public 
deposits amounted to $20,785,000 and $21,559,000, respectively, at December 31, 1998.  

Proceeds from maturities and the redemption of call provisions of investment securities held to maturity in 1997 were $25,632,350. There were 
no realized gains or losses. Proceeds from maturities and the redemption of call provisions of investment securities available for sale were 
$8,576,713, resulting in gross realized losses of $30,480 and realized gains of $23,300. The amortized cost and approximate market value of 
securities pledged to secure public deposits amounted to $22,175,000 and $22,736,000, respectively, at December 31, 1997.  

Proceeds from maturities and the redemption of call provisions of investment securities held to maturity in 1996 were $16,355,272, resulting in 
gross realized gains of $8,936. There were no gross realized losses. Proceeds from sales and maturities of investment securities available for 
sale were $9,831,237, resulting in gross realized losses of $18,363. There were no gross realized gains.  

NOTE 3: LOANS  

Major classifications of loans are summarized as follows:  

DECEMBER 31,  

                                                  1998              1997 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Real estate--mortgage                       $  87,231,351     $  89,927,391 
Real estate--construction                       5,375,752         4,471,803 
Commercial, financial, and agricultural        62,885,477        48,751,540 
Equity lines                                    8,579,523         7,130,910 
Consumer                                        9,543,608         7,682,819 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                              173,615,711       157,964,463 
Less unearned loan fees                          (937,020)         (986,484) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                              172,678,691       156,977,979 
Less reserve for loan losses                   (2,760,263)       (2,233,359) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                            $ 169,918,428      $154,744,620 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

31  

 
 
Loans on non-accrual status were $463,000 and $497,000 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. If interest income had been recognized 
on non-performing loans at their stated rates during fiscal years 1998, 1997, and 1996, interest income would have increased by approximately 
$37,000, $37,000, and $56,000, respectively. The balance of impaired loans at December 31, 1998 and 1997, was $463,000 and $497,000, 
respectively, with no specific valuation allowance associated with these loans.  

NOTE 4: RESERVE FOR LOAN LOSSES  

Changes in the reserve for loan losses were as follows:  

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                      YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 
                                                 1998           1997         1996 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Balance at the beginning of year             $2,233,359     $1,926,775   $1,914,195 
Provision charged to operations                 600,000        330,000       30,000 
Loans charged off                               (98,699)       (27,430)     (29,658) 
Recoveries of loans previously charged off       25,603          4,014       12,238 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Balance at the end of year                   $2,760,263     $2,233,359   $1,926,775 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

NOTE 5: CORPORATE PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT  

Major classifications of corporate premises and equipment are summarized as follows:  

DECEMBER 31,  

                                                  1998              1997 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Land                                          $1,316,381        $ 1,213,073 
Buildings                                      5,277,851          4,974,919 
Equipment, furniture, and fixtures             6,881,025          6,481,373 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                              13,475,257         12,669,365 
Less accumulated depreciation                 (7,009,882)        (6,087,797) 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                              $6,465,375        $ 6,581,568 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

NOTE 6: TIME DEPOSITS  

Time deposits are summarized as follows:  

DECEMBER 31,  

                                                 1998              1997 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Certificates of deposit, $100M or more      $ 18,567,412       $ 15,441,597 
Other time deposits                           90,566,785         85,670,920 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                            $109,134,197       $101,112,517 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Remaining maturities on certificates are as follows:  

YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31,  

1999                                                            $ 80,489,820 
2000                                                              21,628,993 
2001                                                               2,369,491 
2002                                                               1,271,610 

 
 
 
2003                                                               3,374,283 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                $109,134,197 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

32  

 
NOTE 7: BORROWINGS  

Short-term borrowings consist of securities sold under agreements to repurchase which are secured transactions with customers and generally 
mature the day following the date sold. Short-term borrowings also include advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB), which are 
secured by a blanket floating lien on all real estate mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties.  

The table below presents selected information on short-term borrowings:  

DECEMBER 31,  

                                                      1998              1997 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Maximum balance at any month-end during the year   $43,609,000      $13,435,000 
Average balance for the year                       $22,237,000      $ 6,441,000 
Weighted average rate for the year                        5.50%            5.09% 
Weighted average rate on borrowings at year-end           4.61%            5.07% 
Estimated fair value                               $14,661,078      $ 9,335,687 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

The Corporation has unused lines of credit for short-term borrowings totaling approximately $53,000,000 at December 31, 1998.  

Long-term borrowings consist of convertible fixed-rate advances from the FHLB. At December 31, 1998, convertible fixed-rate advances 
totaled $10,000,000 with an average interest rate of 5.01%. The advances are convertible to adjustable-rate advances at the option of the FHLB 
in March 1999, and quarterly thereafter until the advances mature in September 2001. These advances are also secured by a blanket floating 
lien on all real estate mortgage loans secured by one- to four-family residential properties.  

NOTE 8: EARNINGS FOR SHARE  

The following shows the weighted average number of shares used in computing earnings per share and the effect on weighted average number 
of shares of diluted potential common stock. All shares have been restated to reflect the effect of a two-for-one stock split in July 1998.  

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                DECEMBER 31, 
                                                       1998        1997        1996 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Weighted average number of common shares used 
   in earnings per common share--basic              3,857,542    3,930,288   4,417,098 
Effect of dilutive securities: 
   Stock options                                       62,233       22,468       8,902 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Weighted average number of common shares used 
   in earnings per common share--assuming dilution  3,919,775    3,952,756   4,426,000 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Options on approximately 20,000 and 45,600 shares were not included in computing earnings per common share--assuming dilution for the 
years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively, because their effects were antidilutive. All options were included in computing 
earnings per common share--assuming dilution for the year ended December 31, 1998.  

NOTE 9: INCOME TAXES  

Principal components of income tax expense as reflected in the statements of income are as follows:  

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,  

                       1998                    1997                     1996 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Current taxes       $2,685,996               $1,934,892              $982,785 
Deferred taxes        (332,645)                (320,929)              (23,885) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                    $2,353,351              $ 1,613,963            $  958,900 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 
 
 
33  

 
The income tax provision is less than would be obtained by application of the statutory federal corporate tax rate to pre-tax accounting income 
as a result of the following items:  

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                         YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 
                                                            Percent                   Percent                      Percent 
                                                              of                        of                            of 
                                                            Pre-tax                   Pre-tax                      Pre-tax 
                                                1998        Income         1997       Income             1996      Income 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Income tax computed at federal 
   statutory rates                           $2,885,712     34.0%      $2,227,269      34.0%        $1,706,825     34.0% 
Tax effect of exclusion of interest income 
   on obligations of states and 
   political subdivisions                      (713,203)    (8.4)        (714,061)    (10.9)          (712,075)   (14.2) 
Reduction of interest expense incurred to 
   carry tax-exempt assets                       87,710      1.0           77,067       1.2             32,862       .6 
State income taxes, net of federal 
   tax benefit                                  122,650      1.4           22,054        .3                 --     -- 
Tax effect of dividends-received 
   deduction on preferred stock                 (71,957)     (.8)         (66,614)     (1.0)           (75,460)    (1.5) 
Other                                            42,439       .5           68,248       1.0              6,748       .1 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                             $2,353,351     27.7%      $1,613,963      24.6%          $958,900     19.0% 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Other assets include deferred income taxes of $1,020,295 and $705,579 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Other liabilities include 
current taxes payable of $29,166 and $312,846 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Income tax returns subsequent to 1996 are 
subject to examination by taxing authorities. The tax effects of each type of significant item that gave rise to deferred taxes are:  

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                            Year Ended December 31, 
                                                              1998            1997 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Deferred tax asset 
   Deferred loan fees                                     $   47,453     $   71,180 
   Allowance for loan losses                                 852,515        613,371 
   Interest on non-accrual loans                             149,406        138,568 
   Accrued pension                                            69,354        128,855 
   Intangible asset                                          105,076         68,990 
   Other                                                     204,419        112,039 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Deferred tax asset                                    1,428,223      1,133,003 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Deferred tax liability 
   Net unrealized gain on securities available for sale     (291,161)      (273,232) 

   Depreciation                                             (116,767)      (154,192) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Deferred tax liability                                 (407,928)      (427,424) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Net deferred tax asset                               $1,020,295     $  705,579 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

NOTE 10: EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS  

The Bank maintains a Defined Contribution "Profit-Sharing" Plan sponsored by the Virginia Bankers Association. The plan was amended 
effective January 1, 1997, to include a 401(k) savings provision which authorizes a maximum voluntary salary deferral of up to 15% of 
compensation (with a partial company match), subject to statutory limitations. The profit-sharing arrangement provides for an annual 
discretionary contribution to the account of each eligible employee based in part on the Bank's profitability for a given year and on each 
participant's yearly earnings. All full-time employees who have attained the age of eighteen and have at least three months of service are 
eligible to participate. Contributions and earnings may be invested in various investment vehicles offered through the Virginia Bankers 
Association. Contributions and earnings are tax-deferred. An employee is 40% vested after four years of service, 60% after five years, 80% 
after six years, and fully vested after seven years. The amounts charged to expense under this plan were $281,230, $244,617, and $226,938 in 
1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively.  

34  

 
 
 
The Mortgage Corporation maintains a Defined Contribution 401(k) Savings Plan (the "Plan") which authorizes a maximum voluntary salary 
deferral of up to 15% of compensation, subject to statutory limitations. All full-time employees who have attained the age of eighteen are 
eligible to participate on the first day of the next month following employment date. The Mortgage Corporation reserves the right for an annual 
discretionary contribution to the account of each eligible employee based in part on the Mortgage Corporation's profitability for a given year, 
and on each participant's yearly earnings. An employee is vested 25% after two years of service, 50% after three years of service, 75% after 
four years of service, and fully vested after five years. The amount charged to expense under the Plan was $185,000 and $50,000 for 1998 and 
1997, respectively. There was no contribution in 1996.  

The Bank adopted a Management Incentive Bonus Plan (the "Bonus Plan") effective January 1, 1987. The Bonus Plan is offered to selected 
members of management. The Bonus Plan is derived from a pool of funds determined by the Bank's total performance relative to (1) prescribed 
growth-rates of assets and deposits, (2) return on average assets, and (3) absolute level of net income. Attainment, in whole or in part, of these 
goals dictates the amount set aside in the pool of funds. Evaluation of attainment and approval of the pool amount are performed by the Board. 
Payment of the bonus is based on individual performance and is paid in cash. Expense is accrued in the fiscal year of the specified bonus 
performance. Expenses under this plan were $166,150, $136,700, and $83,500 in 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. Additional bonuses 
totaling $31,148, $35,205, and $37,278 were granted to employees not covered by the Bonus Plan in 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively.  

The Bank has a non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan for full-time employees over twenty-one years of age. Benefits are generally 
based upon years of service and average compensation for the five highest-paid consecutive years of service. The Bank funds pension costs in 
accordance with the funding provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. Information about the plan follows:  

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                          Year Ended December 31, 
                                                            1998          1997 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Change in Benefit Obligation 
   Benefit obligation, beginning                         $1,314,383    $1,014,681 
   Service cost                                             141,160       125,797 
   Interest cost                                             98,446        75,968 
   Actuarial loss                                            98,633       111,842 
   Benefits paid                                            (76,170)      (13,905) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Benefit obligation, ending                            $1,576,452    $1,314,383 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Change in Plan Assets 
   Fair value of plan assets, beginning                  $1,361,274    $1,042,093 
   Actuarial return on plan assets                           (5,523)      246,549 
   Employer contributions                                   277,539        86,537 
   Benefits paid                                            (76,170)      (13,905) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Fair value of plan assets, ending                     $1,557,120    $1,361,274 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Funded status                                         $  (19,332)    $  46,891 
   Unrecognized net actual gain                            (157,740)     (396,657) 
   Unrecognized net obligation at transition                (70,373)      (75,786) 
   Unrecognized prior service cost                           43,463        46,567 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Accrued benefit cost included in other liabilities    $ (203,982)   $ (378,985) 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

35  

 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                          Year Ended December 31, 
                                                      1998         1997         1996 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost 
   Service cost                                   $ 141,160    $ 125,797     $  99,057 
   Interest cost                                     98,446       75,968        72,880 
   Expected return on plan assets                  (122,355)     (93,629)      (87,149) 
   Amortization of prior service cost                 3,104        3,104         3,104 
   Amortization of net obligation at transition      (5,413)      (5,413)       (5,413) 
   Recognized net actuarial gain                    (12,406)     (12,569)      (13,493) 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Net periodic benefit cost                      $ 102,536    $  93,258     $  68,986 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Weighted-Average Assumptions as of December 31 
   Discount rate                                        7.5%         7.5%          8.5% 
   Expected return on plan assets                       9.0          9.0           9.0 
   Rate of compensation increase                        4.0          4.0           6.0 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

NOTE 11: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS  

Loans to directors and officers totaled $1,070,000 and $1,506,000 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. New advances to directors and 
officers totaled $311,000 and repayments totaled $747,000 in the year ended December 31, 1998.  

NOTE 12: STOCK OPTIONS  

Under the Incentive Stock Option Plan ("the Plan"), options to purchase common stock are granted to certain key employees of the 
Corporation. Options are issued to employees at a price equal to the fair market value of common stock at the date granted. One-third of the 
options granted become exercisable commencing one year after the grant date with an additional one-third becoming exercisable after each of 
the following two years. In 1983, the shareholders authorized 50,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan. An additional 
100,000 shares were authorized for the Plan in 1994. All options expire ten years from the grant date.  

In 1998, the Board of Directors authorized 25,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan. 
Under this plan, options to purchase common stock are granted to non-employee directors of the Bank. Options are issued to non-employee 
directors at a price equal to the fair market value of common stock at the date granted. The options granted are exercisable one year after grant. 
All options expire ten years from the grant date.  

The Corporation applies APB Opinion 25 and related Interpretations in accounting for the stock option plans. Accordingly, no compensation 
cost has been recognized for its plans. Had compensation cost for the plans been determined based on the fair value at the grant dates of options 
consistent with FASB Statement 123, the Corporation's net income and earnings per share would not have been materially different from those 
amounts shown on the statements of income for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996.  

The fair value of each option granted during the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996, was estimated on the date of grant using the 
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions for 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively: risk-free rate of 4.5, 5.6, and 6.2% 
and volatility of 30, 20, and 15%. The dividend yield used in the pricing model was 2.6, 3.0, and 3.0% for 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. 
The expected lives used was eight years for 1998, 1997, and 1996.  

36  

 
Transactions under the Plan for the periods indicated, restated to reflect the effect of a two-for-one stock split in July 1998, were as follows:  

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                     1998                     1997                     1996 
                                                     ----                     ----                     ---- 
                                                          Exercise                 Exercise                  Exercise 
                                             Shares        Price*     Shares         Price*    Shares         Price* 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Outstanding at beginning of year             164,936       $  9.94    148,100       $  9.19   124,800       $  8.95 
Granted                                       42,900         18.77     33,700         12.50    28,500          9.38 
Exercised                                    (34,508)         9.05    (15,664)         7.53    (4,200)         3.07 
Canceled                                      (3,468)         9.69     (1,200)         9.13    (1,000)        10.25 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Outstanding at end of year                   169,860       $ 12.36    164,936       $  9.94   148,100       $  9.19 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
*Weighted average 

Options exercisable at year-end               97,304                  105,380                  95,366 
Weighted-average fair value 
    of options granted during the year      $   5.81                $    2.94               $    2.10 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 1998:  

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                   Options Outstanding                              Options Exercisable 
                                                   -------------------                              ------------------- 
                                         Number                                               Number 
     Range of                          Outstanding      Remaining                             Exercisable 
      Exercise                       at December 31,   Contractual       Exercise           at December 31,       Exercise 
       Prices                             1998            Life            Price*                 1998              Price* 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
$8.38 to 10.63                          97,460         5.6 years        $   9.49                87,568           $  9.51 
$12.50 to 18.63                         72,400         9.6 years           16.21                 9,736             12.50 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
$8.38 to 18.63                         169,860         7.3 years         $ 12.36                97,304           $  9.81 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

*WEIGHTED AVERAGE  

NOTE 13: REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS  

The Corporation and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the Federal banking agencies. Failure to 
meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory--and possibly additional discretionary--actions by regulators that, if 
undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Corporation's and the Bank's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and 
the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Corporation and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve 
quantitative measures of the Corporation's and the Bank's assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory 
accounting practices. The Corporation's and the Bank's capital amounts and classification are subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators 
about components, risk weightings, and other factors.  

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Corporation and the Bank to maintain minimum 
amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total and Tier I capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), 
and of Tier I capital (as defined) to average assets (as defined) less goodwill. For both the Corporation and the Bank, Tier I capital consists of 
shareholders' equity excluding any net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale less goodwill, and total capital consists of Tier I 
capital and a portion of the allowance for loan losses. Risk-weighted assets for the Corporation and the Bank were $278,514,000 and 
$273,132,000, respectively, at December 31, 1998, and $207,698,000 and $203,065,000, respectively, at December 31, 1997. Management 
believes, as of December 31, 1998, that the Corporation and the Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.  

As of December 31, 1998, the most recent notification from the Federal Reserve Bank and the FDIC categorized the Corporation and the Bank, 
respectively, as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, the 
Corporation and the Bank must maintain total risk-based, Tier I risk-based, and Tier I leverage ratios as set forth in the table below. There are 
no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the institution's category.  

The Corporation's and the Bank's actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the table.  

37  

 
 
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                                                     To Be Well Capitalized 
                                                                              For Capital            Under Prompt Corrective 
                                                    Actual                Adequacy  Purposes            Action Provisions 
(Dollars in thousands)                       Amount      Ratio            Amount      Ratio             Amount     Ratio 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1998: 
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) 
   Corporation                               $ 37,350    13.4%            $ 22,281   >= 8.0%                N/A 
   Bank                                        31,781    11.6               21,851   >= 8.0            $ 27,313    >=10.0% 
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) 
   Corporation                                 34,440    12.5               11,141   >= 4.0               N/A 
   Bank                                        29,021    10.6               10,925   >= 4.0              16,388    >= 6.0 
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets) 
   Corporation                                 34,440    11.5                9,001   >= 3.0                 N/A 
   Bank                                        29,021     9.9                8,832   >= 3.0              14,720    >= 5.0 

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1997: 
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) 
   Corporation                               $ 31,587    15.2%            $ 16,616   >= 8.0%                N/A 
   Bank                                        26,916    13.3               16,245   >= 8.0            $ 20,307    >=10.0% 
Tier I Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets) 
   Corporation                                 29,353    14.1                8,308   >= 4.0               N/A 
   Bank                                        24,681    12.2                8,123   >= 4.0              12,184    >= 6.0 
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets) 
   Corporation                                 29,353    11.4                7,741   >= 3.0                 N/A 
   Bank                                        24,681     9.7                7,601   >= 3.0              12,668    >= 5.0 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

NOTE 14: COMMITMENTS AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE-SHEET RISK  

The Corporation is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of 
its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, commitments to sell loans, and standby letters of credit. 
These instruments involve elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet. The contract 
amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Bank has in particular classes of financial instruments.  

The Bank's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend 
credit and standby letters of credit written is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments.  

The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. 
Collateral is obtained based on management's credit assessment of the customer.  

Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. 
The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. The total contract 
amount of standby letters of credit, whose contract amounts represent credit risk, was $4,240,000 and $3,211,000 at December 31, 1998 and 
1997, respectively.  

Loan commitments are agreements to extend credit to a customer provided that there are no violations of the terms of the contract prior to 
funding. Commitments have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee by the customer. Since many 
of the commitments may expire without being completely drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash 
requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The total amount of loan commitments was 
$29,043,000 and $23,110,000 at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.  

Commitments to sell loans are designed to eliminate the Mortgage Corporation's exposure to fluctuations in interest rates in connection with 
loans held for sale. The Mortgage Corporation sells all of the residential mortgage loans it originates to third-party investors, some of whom 
require the repurchase of loans in the event of early default or faulty documentation. Mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are sold 
under agreements that define certain eligibility criteria for the mortgage loan. Recourse periods vary from ninety days up to one year and 
conditions for repur-  

38  

 
 
chase vary with the investor. Mortgages subject to recourse are collateralized by single-family residences, have loan-to-value ratios of 80% or 
less, or have private mortgage insurance, or are insured or guaranteed by an agency of the U.S. government.  

At December 31, 1998, the Mortgage Corporation had locked-rate commitments to originate mortgage loans amounting to approximately 
$32,104,000. The Mortgage Corporation has entered into mandatory commitments, on a best-effort basis, to sell loans of approximately 
$99,097,000. Risks arise from the possible inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their purchase contracts. The Mortgage Corporation 
does not expect any counterparty to fail to meet its obligations.  

The Corporation is conducting a comprehensive review of its computer systems to identify the systems that could be affected by the Year 2000 
issue, and is developing a remediation plan to resolve the issue. The issue is whether computer systems will properly recognize date-sensitive 
information when the year changes to 2000. Systems that do not properly recognize such information could generate erroneous data or cause a 
system to fail. The Corporation is heavily dependent on computer processing in the conduct of its business activities. Failure of these systems 
could have a significant impact on the Corporation's operations. Based on the review of the computer systems, management does not believe 
the cost of remediation will be material to the Corporation's financial statements.  

As of December 31, 1998, the Corporation had $4,528,000 in deposits in financial institutions in excess of amounts insured by the Federal 
Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).  

The Mortgage Corporation is committed under noncancelable operating leases for certain office locations. Rent expense associated with these 
operating leases was $297,000 and $244,000 for the years ending December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.  

Future minimum lease payments under these leases are as follows:  

Year Ending December 31,  

      1999             $    293,134 
      2000                  169,961 
      2001                  143,264 
      2002                  147,562 
      2003                  151,989 
------------------------------------------- 
                       $    905,910 
------------------------------------------- 

NOTE 15: DISCLOSURES CONCERNING THE FAIR MARKET VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS  

The following disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments is made in accordance with the requirements of SFAS 107, 
"Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments." The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Corporation using 
available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Loan commitments are conditional and subject to market pricing and, 
therefore, do not reflect a gain or loss of market value. The fair value of standby letters of credit is based on fees currently charged for similar 
agreements or on estimated costs to terminate them or otherwise settle the obligations with the counterparties at the reporting date. However, 
considerable judgment is required to interpret market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein 
are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Corporation could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market 
assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.  

Cash and short-term investments. The nature of these instruments and their relatively short maturities provide for the reporting of fair value 
equal to the historical cost.  

Investment securities. The fair value of investment securities is based on quoted market prices.  

Loans. The estimate of the fair value of the loan portfolio is estimated based on present values using applicable spreads to the U.S. Treasury 
curve.  

Loans held for sale. The fair value of loans held for sale is estimated based on commitments into which individual loans will be delivered.  

Deposits and Borrowings. The fair value of all demand accounts is the amount payable at the report date. For all other deposits and borrowings, 
the fair value is determined using the discounted cash flow method. The discount rate was equal to the rate currently offered on similar 
products.  

39  

 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                  December 31, 
                                                   1998                                 1997 
                                        Carrying          Estimated          Carrying          Estimated 
(Dollars in thousands)                   Amount          Fair Value           Amount          Fair Value 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Financial assets: 
   Cash and short-term investments      $ 8,473            $ 8,473            $ 8,871           $ 8,871 
   Investment securities                 60,699             62,753             75,720            77,479 
   Net loans                            169,918            172,830            154,745           154,769 
   Loans held for sale, net              66,993             68,098             24,479            24,807 
Financial liabilities: 
   Demand deposits                      142,539            142,512            130,401           130,494 
   Time deposits                        109,134            109,714            101,113           101,275 
   Borrowings                            24,661             24,658              9,336             9,336 
Off-balance-sheet items: 
   Letters of credit                         --              4,240                 --             3,211 
   Unused portions of lines of credit        --             29,043                 --            23,110 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

NOTE 16: BUSINESS SEGMENTS  

The Company operates in a decentralized fashion in two principal business activities, retail banking and mortgage banking. Revenues from 
retail banking operations consist primarily of interest earned on loans and investment securities. Mortgage banking operating revenues consist 
mainly of interest earned on mortgage loans held for sale, gains on sales of loans in the secondary mortgage market, and loan origination fee 
income. The Company also has an investment company and a title company subsidiary which derive revenues from brokerage and title 
insurance services. The results of these subsidiaries are not significant to the Corporation as a whole and have been included in "Other." The 
following table presents segment information for the year ended December 31, 1998.  

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                       Year Ended December 31, 1998 
                                  Retail         Mortgage 
                                 Banking          Banking           Other       Eliminations   Consolidated 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Revenues: 
Interest income                 $ 22,195         $   2,805       $     --        $ (2,382)       $ 22,618 
Gain on sale of loans                 --             7,129             --                           7,129 
Other                              1,721             1,458            701              --           3,880 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total operating income            23,916            11,392            701          (2,382)         33,627 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Expenses: 
Interest expense                   9,558             2,382             --          (2,382)          9,558 
Salaries and employee benefits     4,587             3,441            258              --           8,286 
Other                              4,395             2,777            124              --           7,296 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total operating expenses          18,540             8,600            382          (2,382)         25,140 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Income before income taxes         5,376             2,792            319              --           8,487 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total assets                     316,584            66,366             26         (62,112)        320,864 
Capital expenditures            $    775         $     104       $     --        $     --        $    879 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

40  

 
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                                          Year Ended December 31, 1997 
                                   Retail          Mortgage 
                                  Banking          Banking           Other       Eliminations   Consolidated 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Revenues: 
Interest income                  $ 19,635         $   1,184       $     --        $ (1,056)       $ 19,763 
Gain on sale of loans                  --             4,057             --                           4,057 
Other                               1,578               621            402              --           2,601 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Total operating income             21,213             5,862            402          (1,056)         26,421 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Expenses: 
Interest expense                    8,002             1,056             --          (1,056)          8,002 
Salaries and employee benefits      3,949             2,203            180              --           6,332 
Other                               3,786             1,691             59              --           5,536 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Total operating expenses           15,737             4,950            239          (1,056)         19,870 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Income before income taxes          5,476               912            163              --           6,551 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Total assets                      275,618            24,348             10         (21,870)        278,106 
Capital expenditures             $  1,402         $     216       $     --        $     --        $  1,618 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                                        Year Ended December 31, 1996 
                                   Retail          Mortgage 
                                  Banking          Banking           Other       Eliminations   Consolidated 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Revenues: 
Interest income                  $ 18,195         $     758       $     --        $   (620)       $ 18,333 
Gain on sale of loans                  --             2,688             --                           2,688 
Other                               1,374               423            194              --           1,991 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Total operating income             19,569             3,869            194            (620)         23,012 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Expenses: 
Interest expense                    7,668               620             --            (620)          7,668 
Salaries and employee benefits      3,590             2,262            121              --           5,973 
Other                               3,175             1,164             12              --           4,351 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Total operating expenses           14,433             4,046            133            (620)         17,992 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Income before income taxes          5,136              (177)            61              --           5,020 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Total assets                      256,260            11,742              5         (11,336)        256,671 
Capital expenditures             $    828         $     133       $     --        $     --        $    961 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

The retail banking segment provides the mortgage banking segment with the funds needed to originate mortgage loans through a warehouse 
line of credit and charges the mortgage banking segment interest at the daily FHLB advance rate plus 50 basis points. These transactions are 
eliminated to reach consolidated totals. Certain corporate overhead costs incurred by the retail banking segment are not allocated to the 
mortgage banking and other segments.  

41  

 
 
 
NOTE 17: PARENT COMPANY CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION  

Financial information for the parent company is as follows:  

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                            December 31, 
Balance Sheet                                          1998             1997 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Assets 
   Cash                                           $     51,822      $   112,456 
   Investment securities available for sale          5,103,710        4,295,669 
   Other assets                                        603,561          613,874 
   Investments in subsidiary                        31,007,732       26,935,994 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total assets                                 $ 36,766,825      $31,957,993 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Liabilities and shareholders' equity 
   Other liabilities                              $    119,332      $   157,460 
   Shareholders' equity                             36,647,493       31,800,533 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Total liabilities and shareholders' equity   $ 36,766,825      $31,957,993 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
                                                                                  Year Ended December 31, 
Statement of Income                                                1998                    1997                  1996 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Interest income on investment securities                       $  308,804             $   295,477            $  319,001 
Interest income on loans                                           41,910                  21,573                    -- 
Dividends received from bank subsidiary                         1,839,119               5,420,044             3,591,698 
Distributions in excess of equity in net income of subsidiary          --                (672,045)                   -- 
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary                4,064,679                      --               195,640 
Other expenses                                                   (120,476)               (128,222)              (45,165) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
   Net income                                                  $6,134,036             $ 4,936,827            $4,061,174 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                          Year Ended December 31, 
Statement of Cash Flows                                            1998             1997            1996 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Operating activities: 
Net income                                                      $6,134,036       $4,936,827      $4,061,174 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net 
   cash provided by operating activities: 
   Distributions in excess of equity in net income of subsidiary        --          672,045              -- 
   Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary               (4,064,679)              --        (195,640) 
   (Increase) decrease in other assets                              10,314         (494,174)        314,912 
   Increase (decrease) in other liabilities                        (52,417)          31,767        (294,040) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Net cash provided by operating activities                     2,027,254        5,146,465       3,886,406 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Investing activities: 
Sale of investments                                                949,743        2,083,893         282,500 
Purchase of investments                                         (1,715,752)      (1,557,413)       (739,536) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities            (766,009)         526,480        (457,036) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Financing activities: 
Repurchase of common stock                                              --       (4,331,201)     (2,126,503) 
Dividends paid                                                  (1,699,119)      (1,369,788)     (1,365,187) 
Proceeds from the issuance of stock                                377,240          125,524          12,885 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
   Net cash used in financing activities                        (1,321,879)      (5,575,465)     (3,478,805) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents          (60,634)          97,480         (49,435) 
Cash at beginning of year                                          112,456           14,976          64,411 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Cash at end of year                                             $   51,822       $  112,456      $   14,976 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

42  

 
 
 
NOTE 18: QUARTERLY CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - UNAUDITED  

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                1998 QUARTER ENDED 
IN THOUSANDS (EXCEPT PER SHARE)                March 31      June 30     September 30       December 31 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total interest income                          $  5,314     $  5,865          $ 5,756           $ 5,683 
Net interest income after provision for loan 
   losses                                         3,050        3,144            3,073             3,192 
Other income                                      2,139        2,841            3,125             2,905 
Other expenses                                    3,236        3,772            3,838             4,136 
Income before income taxes                        1,953        2,213            2,360             1,961 
Net income                                        1,435        1,617            1,673             1,409 
Earnings per common share--assuming dilution   $    .37      $   .41          $   .43           $   .36 
Dividends per common share                          .10          .11              .11               .12 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                 1997 QUARTER ENDED 
IN THOUSANDS (EXCEPT PER SHARE)                March 31       June 30     September 30       December 31 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Total interest income                          $  4,750      $  4,844        $ 5,013           $ 5,156 
Net interest income after provision for loan 
   losses                                         2,842         2,784          2,888             2,917 
Other income                                      1,145         1,420          1,979             2,114 
Other expenses                                    2,504         2,636          3,049             3,349 
Income before income taxes                        1,483         1,568          1,818             1,682 
Net income                                        1,174         1,223          1,334             1,206 
Earnings per common share--assuming dilution    $   .28       $   .32        $   .35           $   .32 
Dividends per common share                          .08           .09            .09               .09 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

43  

 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT  

[LOGO OF YOUNT, HYDE & BARBOUR, P.C. APPEARS HERE]  

The Board of Directors and Shareholders  
C&F Financial Corporation  

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of C&F Financial Corporation and subsidiary as of December 31, 1998 and 
1997, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 
1998 and 1997. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Corporation's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion 
on these financial statements based on our audits. The financial statements of C&F Financial Corporation and subsidiary for the year ended 
December 31, 1996 were audited by other auditors whose report, dated January 15, 1997, expressed an unqualified opinion on those statements. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test 
basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles 
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our 
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.  

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of C&F 
Financial Corporation and subsidiary as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years 
ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.  

/s/ Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. 
January 15, 1999 
Winchester, Virginia 

44  

 
Investor Information  

Annual Meeting of Shareholders  
The annual meeting of shareholders of C&F Financial Corporation will be held at 3:30 p.m. on Tuesday, April 20, 1999, at the van den 
Boogaard Center, 3510 King William Avenue, West Point, Virginia. All shareholders are cordially invited to attend.  

Stock Price Information  
Effective January 22, 1998, the Corporation's common stock is traded on the over-the-counter market and is listed for quotation on the Nasdaq 
National Market System under the symbol "CFFI." Prior to this date the Corporation's common stock appeared on the Nasdaq Bulletin Board 
Listing. As of February 22, 1999, there were approximately 1,100 shareholders of record. Following are the high and low closing prices in 
1998 and 1997. The 1997 information was obtained from the Nasdaq Bulletin Board Listing. Over-the-counter market quotations reflected inter 
dealer prices, without retail mark up, mark down, or commission, and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. All quotations have 
been restated to reflect the effect of a two-for-one stock split in July 1998.  

-------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                     1998                         1997 
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Quarter      High            Low           High          Low 
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 
First     $  20.20       $  13.50        $ 10.63     $   8.75 
Second       22.00          20.25          10.75        10.00 
Third        22.50          19.00          11.25        10.38 
Fourth       20.00          18.25          13.25        10.50 
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Stock Transfer Agent  
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company serves as transfer agent for the Corporation. You may write them at 40 Wall Street, New York, NY 
10005, or telephone them toll-free at 1-800-937-5449.  

Annual Report On Form 10-K And Additional Information A copy of Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is 
available without charge to stockholders upon written request. Requests for this or other financial information about C&F Financial 
Corporation should be directed to:  

Tom Cherry  
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer C&F Financial Corporation  
P.O. Box 391  
West Point, VA 23181  

45  

 
Directors and advisors  

C&F Financial Corporation / Citizens and Farmers Bank  
J. P. Causey Jr.*+  
Senior Vice President, Secretary &  
General Counsel  
Chesapeake Corporation  

Larry G. Dillon*+  
Chairman, President & CEO  
C&F Financial Corporation  
Citizens and Farmers Bank  

P. L. Harrell+  
President  
Old Dominion Grain, Inc.  

James H. Hudson III*+  
Attorney-at-Law  
Hudson & Bondurant, P.C.  

Joshua H. Lawson+  
President  
Thrift Insurance Corporation  

BRYAN E. MCKERNON+  
President & CEO  
C&F Mortgage Corporation  

REGINALD H. NELSON IV+  
Retired Partner  
Colonial Acres Farm  

WILLIAM E. O'CONNELL JR.*+  
Chessie Professor of Business  
The College of William and Mary  

STURE G. OLSSON*+  
Retired Chairman of the Board  
Chesapeake Corporation  

PAUL C. ROBINSON+  
Owner & President  
Francisco, Robinson & Associates, Realtors  

THOMAS B. WHITMORE JR.+  
Retired President  
Whitmore Chevrolet, Oldsmobile,  
Pontiac Co., Inc.  

* C&F Financial Corporation Board Member  
+ Citizens and Farmers Bank Board Member  

C&F Mortgage Corporation  
J. P. Causey Jr.  
Senior Vice President, Secretary &  
General Counsel  
Chesapeake Corporation  

Larry G. Dillon  
Chairman of the Board  

James H. Hudson III  

Attorney-at-Law  
Hudson & Bondurant, P.C.  

Bryan E. McKernon  
President & CEO  
C&F Mortgage Corporation  

William E. O'Connell Jr.  
Chessie Professor of Business  
The College of William and Mary  

PAUL C. ROBINSON  
Owner & President  
Francisco, Robinson & Associates, Realtors  

C&F Investment Services, Inc.  
Larry G. Dillon  
President  

Eric F. Nost  
Vice President  

Brad E. Schwartz  
Treasurer  

Gari B. Sullivan  
Secretary  

Independent Public Accountants  
Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C.  
Winchester, VA  

Corporate Counsel  
Hudson & Bondurant, P.C.  
West Point, VA  

Varina Advisory Board  
Robert A. Canfield  
Attorney-at-Law  
Canfield, Moore, Shapiro, Sease & Baer  

Susan R. Ferguson  

Robert F. Nelson  
Professional Engineer  
Engineering Design Associates  

Phil T. Rutledge  
Retired Deputy County Manager  
County of Henrico  

Sandra W. Seelmann  
Real Estate Broker/Owner  
Varina & Seelmann Realty  

46  

 
 
OFFICERS AND LOCATIONS  

Citizens and Farmers Bank  
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE  
802 Main Street  
West Point, Virginia 23181  
(804) 843-2360  

Larry G. Dillon *  
Chairman of the Board & Chief Executive Officer  

Thomas F. Cherry *  
Senior Vice President & Chief Financial Officer  

Dudley M. Patteson  
Senior Vice President & Commercial Lending Officer  

Brad E. Schwartz *  
Senior Vice President & Chief Operating Officer  

Gari B. Sullivan *  
Senior Vice President & Secretary  

Howard P. Wilkinson Jr.  
Senior Vice President & Chief Lending Officer  

Leslie A. Campbell  
Vice President, Loan Administration  

Sandra S. Fryer  
Vice President, Operations  

Deborah R. Nichols  
Vice President, Branch Administration  

* Officers of C&F Financial Corporation  

WEST POINT - MAIN OFFICE  
Thomas W. Stephenson Jr.  
Branch Manager  
802 Main Street  
West Point, Virginia 23181  
(804) 843-2360  

LONGHILL ROAD  
Sandra C. St.Clair  
Assistant Vice President  
& Branch Manager  
4780 Longhill Road  
Williamsburg, Virginia 23188  
(757) 565-0593  

MIDDLESEX  
N. Susan Gordon  
Branch Manager  
Route 33 at Route 641  
Saluda, Virginia 23149  
(804) 758-3641  

NORGE  
Alec J. Nuttall  
Assistant Vice President  
& Branch Manager  

7534 Richmond Road  
Norge, Virginia 23127  
(757) 564-8114  

PROVIDENCE FORGE  
James D. W. King  
Vice President & Branch Manager  
3501 N. Courthouse Road  
Providence Forge, Virginia 23140  
(804) 966-2264  

QUINTON  
Mary T. "Joy" Whitley  
Assistant Vice President  
& Branch Manager  
2580 New Kent Highway  
Quinton, Virginia 23141  
(804) 932-4383  

TAPPAHANNOCK  
Douglas M. "Judge" Smith  
Assistant Vice President  
& Branch Manager  
1649 Tappahannock Boulevard  
Tappahannock, Virginia 22560  
(804) 443-2265  

VARINA  
Tracy E. Pendleton  
Vice President & Branch Manager  
Route 5 at Strath Road  
Richmond, Virginia 23231  
(804) 795-7000  

WEST POINT - 14TH STREET  
Karen T. Richardson  
Assistant Vice President  
& Branch Manager  
415 Fourteenth Street  
West Point, Virginia 23181  
(804) 843-2708  

LOAN PRODUCTION OFFICE  
Terrence C. Gates  
Vice President,  
Real Estate Construction  
300 Arboretum Place, Suite 245  
Richmond, Virginia 23236  
(804) 330-8300  

C&F Mortgage Corporation  
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE  
300 Arboretum Place, Suite 245  
Richmond, Virginia 23236  
(804) 330-8300  

Bryan E. McKernon  
PRESIDENT & CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER  

Mark A. Fox  
EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT & CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER  

Michael J. Mazzola  
SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT & MARYLAND AREA MANAGER  

Theresa M. Dougherty  
VICE PRESIDENT & SENIOR UNDERWRITER  

Donna G. Jarratt  
VICE PRESIDENT & PROJECT MANAGER  

ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND  
Larry Roussil  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  
2191 Defense Highway, Suite 200  
Crofton, Maryland 21114  
(410) 721-6770  

CHARLOTTESVILLE  
Philip N. Mahone  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  

William E. Hamrick  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  
114 Whitewood Road, Suite 2  
Charlottesville, Virginia 22901  
(804) 974-1450  

CHESTER  
Stephen L. Fuller  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  
4517 West Hundred Road  
Chester, Virginia 23831  
(804) 748-2900  

COLUMBIA, MARYLAND  
Scott B. Segrist  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  
8492 Baltimore National Pike, Suite 207  
Ellicott City, Maryland 21043  
(410) 461-6233  

NEWPORT NEWS  
Linda H. Gaskins  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  
703 Thimble Shoals Boulevard, Suite C4  
Newport News, Virginia 23606  
(757) 873-8200  

RICHMOND  
Thomas A. Gill  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  

Donald R. Jordan  
VICE PRESIDENT & RICHMOND PRODUCTION MANAGER  
300 Arboretum Place, Suite 245  
Richmond, Virginia 23236  
(804) 330-8300  

RICHMOND WEST  
Page C. Yonce  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  
7231 Forest Avenue, Suite 202  
Richmond, Virginia 23226  
(804) 673-3453  

WILLIAMSBURG  
Irving E. "Ed" Jenkins  
VICE PRESIDENT & BRANCH MANAGER  
Delena A. Icard  

VICE PRESIDENT & SENIOR LOAN OFFICER  
3279 Lake Powell Road  
Williamsburg, Virginia 23185  
(757) 259-1200  

C&F Title Agency, Inc.  
Eileen A.Cherry  
Vice President & Title Insurance Underwriter 300 Arboretum Place, Suite 245  
Richmond, Virginia 23236  
(804) 327-3810  

C&F Investment Services, Inc.  
Eric F. Nost  
VICE PRESIDENT & MANAGER  
417 Fourteenth Street  
West Point, Virginia 23181  
(804) 843-4584  
(800) 853-3863  

Douglas L. Hartz  
ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENT  
2580 New Kent Highway  
Quinton, Virginia 23141  
(804) 932-4383  

47  

 
on the Cover:  
upper left  
C&F Financial Corporation Headquarters, West Point, Virginia. upper right  
Overlooking the Mattaponi River in West Point, Virginia. middle left  
Colonial Downs race track in New Kent County, Virginia. Citizens & Farmers Bank has two offices in this growing county. Photograph by Jeff 
Coady, Full Stride Productions, Texas. middle right  
Citizens & Farmers Bank is one of the sponsors of the annual Crab Carnival held in October. Photograph by Teresa S. Bohannon.  

lower left  
The Governor's Palace located in Williamsburg, Virginia. Citizens & Farmers has two offices in the Williamsburg area with another on the 
way. Photograph by Robert Llewellyn. lower right  
C&F Mortgage Corporation has offices in Annapolis and Columbia, Maryland.  

agency  
Fleshman Associates  
creative director  
Anne Matthews  
design & production  
Anne Matthews  
text copywriter  
Charlie Feigenoff  
photography  
Jackson Smith  
printing  
T&N Printing  

[C&F LOGO APPEARS HERE]  

C&F Financial Corporation  
802 Main Street  
PO Box 391  
West Point, Virginia 23181  
(804) 843-2360  
www.cffc.com  

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS  

EXHIBIT 23.1  

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 33-88624, No. 333-67535 and No. 333-
63699) and Form S-3 (No. 333-60877) and in the related Prospectuses, of our report, dated January 15, 1999, relating to the consolidated 
financial statements of C&F Financial Corporation and subsidiary, included in the 1998 Annual Report of Shareholders and incorporated by 
reference in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997.  

/s/ Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. 

Winchester, Virginia 
March 3, 1999 

 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT  

EXHIBIT 23.2  

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 33-88624, No. 333-67535 and No. 333-
63699) and Form S-3 (No. 333-60877) and in the related Prospectuses, of our report, dated January 17, 1997, relating to the consolidated 
financial statements of C&F Financial Corporation and subsidiary, incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year 
ended December 31, 1996.  

/s/DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 

Richmond, Virginia 
March 5, 1999 

 
 
ARTICLE 9 

PERIOD TYPE 
FISCAL YEAR END 
PERIOD END 
CASH 
INT BEARING DEPOSITS 
FED FUNDS SOLD 
TRADING ASSETS 
INVESTMENTS HELD FOR SALE 
INVESTMENTS CARRYING 
INVESTMENTS MARKET 
LOANS 
ALLOWANCE 
TOTAL ASSETS 
DEPOSITS 
SHORT TERM 
LIABILITIES OTHER 
LONG TERM 
PREFERRED MANDATORY 
PREFERRED 
COMMON 
OTHER SE 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 
INTEREST LOAN 
INTEREST INVEST 
INTEREST OTHER 
INTEREST TOTAL 
INTEREST DEPOSIT 
INTEREST EXPENSE 
INTEREST INCOME NET 
LOAN LOSSES 
SECURITIES GAINS 
EXPENSE OTHER 
INCOME PRETAX 
INCOME PRE EXTRAORDINARY 
EXTRAORDINARY 
CHANGES 
NET INCOME 
EPS PRIMARY 
EPS DILUTED 
YIELD ACTUAL 
LOANS NON 
LOANS PAST 
LOANS TROUBLED 
LOANS PROBLEM 
ALLOWANCE OPEN 
CHARGE OFFS 
RECOVERIES 
ALLOWANCE CLOSE 
ALLOWANCE DOMESTIC 
ALLOWANCE FOREIGN 
ALLOWANCE UNALLOCATED 

12 MOS 
DEC 31 1998 
DEC 31 1998 
8,140 
333 
0 
0 
21,888 
38,810 
40,865 
172,679 
2,760 
320,864 
251,673 
14,661 
7,284 
10,000 
0 
0 
3,867 
0 
320,864 
17,790 
4,828 
0 
22,618 
8,189 
9,558 
13,059 
600 
0 
14,982 
8,487 
8,487 
0 
0 
6,134 
1.59 
1.56 
8.39 
463 
958 
0 
0 
2,234 
99 
25 
2,760 
2,760 
0 
0 

 
 
[LOGO]  

C&F Financial Corporation Eighth and Main Streets P.O. Box 391 West Point, Virginia 23181  

Dear Fellow Shareholders:  

You are cordially invited to attend the 1999 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of C&F Financial Corporation, the holding company for Citizens 
and Farmers Bank. The meeting will be held on Tuesday, April 20, 1999, at 3:30 p.m. at the Father van den Boogaard Center, 3510 King 
William Avenue, West Point, Virginia. The accompanying Notice and Proxy Statement describe the matters to be presented at the meeting. 
Enclosed is our Annual Report to Shareholders that will be reviewed at the Annual Meeting.  

PLEASE COMPLETE, SIGN, DATE AND RETURN THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. Whether or not you will 
be able to attend the Annual Meeting, it is important that your shares be represented and your vote recorded. The proxy may be revoked at any 
time before it is voted at the Annual Meeting.  

We appreciate your continuing loyalty and support of Citizens and Farmers Bank and C&F Financial Corporation.  

Sincerely,  

                                             /s/ LARRY G. DILLON 
                                             ----------------------------------- 
                                             Larry G. Dillon 
                                             PRESIDENT & CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 

West Point, Virginia 
March 15, 1999 

 
 
 
 
 
(This page intentionally left blank)  

C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION  
Eighth and Main Streets  
P.O. Box 391  
West Point, Virginia 23181  

NOTICE OF 1999 ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS  

TO BE HELD APRIL 20, 1999  

The 1999 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of C&F Financial Corporation (the "Company") will be held at the Father van den Boogaard Center, 
3510 King William Avenue, West Point, Virginia, on Tuesday, April 20, 1999, at 3:30 p.m. for the following purposes:  

1. To elect two Class III directors to the board of Directors of the Company to serve until the 2002 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, as 
described in the Proxy Statement accompanying this notice.  

2. To approve the Company's Amended and Restated 1998 Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation Plan, the material terms of which are 
described in the Proxy Statement accompanying this notice.  

3. To ratify the Board of Directors' appointment of Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C., as the Company's independent public accountants for 1999.  

4. To transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournment thereof.  

Shareholders of record at the close of business on February 22, 1999, are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting or any 
adjournment thereof.  

By Order of the Board of Directors  

                                              /s/ Gari B. Sullivan 
                                              -------------------------------- 
                                              Gari B. Sullivan 
                                              SECRETARY 

March 15, 1999 

IMPORTANT NOTICE  

PLEASE COMPLETE, SIGN, DATE AND RETURN THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD IN THE ACCOMPANYING POSTAGE PAID 
ENVELOPE SO THAT YOUR SHARES WILL BE REPRESENTED AT THE MEETING. SHAREHOLDERS ATTENDING THE 
MEETING MAY PERSONALLY VOTE ON ALL MATTERS WHICH ARE CONSIDERED, IN WHICH EVENT THE SIGNED PROXIES 
ARE REVOKED.  

 
 
 
(This page intentionally left blank)  

C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION  
EIGHTH AND MAIN STREETS  
P.O. BOX 391  
WEST POINT, VIRGINIA 23181  

PROXY STATEMENT  
1999 ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS  
APRIL 20, 1999  

GENERAL  

The following information is furnished in connection with the solicitation by and on behalf of the Board of Directors of the enclosed proxy to 
be used at the 1999 Annual Meeting of the Shareholders (the "Annual Meeting") of C&F Financial Corporation (the "Company") to be held 
Tuesday, April 20, 1999, at 3:30 p.m. at the Father van den Boogaard Center, 3510 King William Avenue, West Point, Virginia. The 
approximate mailing date of this Proxy Statement and accompanying proxy is March 15, 1999.  

REVOCATION AND VOTING OF PROXIES  

Execution of a proxy will not affect a shareholder's right to attend the Annual Meeting and to vote in person. Any shareholder who has 
executed and returned a proxy may revoke it by attending the Annual Meeting and requesting to vote in person. A shareholder may also revoke 
his proxy at any time before it is exercised by filing a written notice with the Company or by submitting a proxy bearing a later date. Proxies 
will extend to, and will be voted at, any properly adjourned session of the Annual Meeting. If a shareholder specifies how the proxy is to be 
voted with respect to any proposals for which a choice is provided, the proxy will be voted in accordance with such specifications. If a 
shareholder fails to specify with respect to such proposals, the proxy will be voted FOR proposals 1, 2 and 3, as set forth in the accompanying 
notice and further described herein.  

VOTING RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS  

Only those shareholders of record at the close of business on February 22, 1999 are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting, or 
any adjournments thereof. The number of shares of common stock of the Company outstanding and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting is 
3,866,888. The Company has no other class of stock outstanding. A majority of the votes entitled to be cast, represented in person or by proxy, 
will constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Each share of Company common stock entitles the record holder thereof to one vote 
upon each matter to be voted upon at the Annual Meeting.  

With regard to the election of directors, votes may be cast in favor or withheld. If a quorum is present, the nominees receiving a plurality of the 
votes cast at the Annual Meeting will be elected directors; therefore, votes withheld will have no effect. The approval of the Company's 
Amended and Restated 1998 Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation Plan and the ratification of Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. as the 
Company's independent public accountants require the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares cast on the matter. Thus, although 
abstentions and broker non-votes (shares held by customers which may not be voted on certain matters because the broker has not received 
specific instructions from the customers) are counted for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum for the transaction of 
business, they are generally not counted for purposes of determining whether such proposals have been approved and therefore have no effect.  

1  

SOLICITATIONS OF PROXIES  

The cost of solicitation of proxies will be borne by the Company. Solicitations will be made only by the use of the mail, except that officers and 
regular employees of the Company and Citizens and Farmers Bank (the "Bank") may make solicitations of proxies by telephone, telegram, 
special letter, or by special call, acting without compensation other than regular compensation. It is contemplated that brokerage houses and 
other nominees, custodians, and fiduciaries will be requested to forward the proxy soliciting material to the beneficial owners of the stock held 
of record by such persons, and the Company will reimburse them for their charges and expenses in this connection.  

PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF CAPITAL STOCK  

The following table shows the share ownership as of February 22, 1999, of the shareholders known to the Company to be the beneficial owners 
of more than 5% of the Company's common stock, par value $1.00 per share, which are the only voting securities outstanding.  

                                 AMOUNT AND NATURE 
NAME AND ADDRESS                   OF BENEFICIAL                    PERCENT 
OF BENEFICIAL OWNER                OWNERSHIP(1)                    OF CLASS 
-------------------                -------------                   --------- 

Sture G. Olsson                     285,648(2)                           7.4% 
P.O. Box 311 
West Point, VA  23181 
------------------------- 

(1) For purposes of this table, beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with the provision of Rule 13d-3 of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 under which, in general, a person is deemed to be the beneficial owner of a security if he or she has or shares the power 
to vote or direct the voting of the security or the power to dispose of or direct the disposition of the security, or if he has the right to acquire 
beneficial ownership of the security within sixty days.  

(2) Includes 269,072 shares held in a trust of which Crestar Bank and Mr. Olsson are co-trustees.  

As of February 22, 1999, the directors and executive officers of the Company and its subsidiary Bank beneficially owned as a group 501,783 
shares (or approximately 12.9%) of Company common stock (including shares for which they hold presently exercisable stock options).  

PROPOSAL ONE  
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS  

The Company's Board is divided into three classes (I, II, and III) of directors. The term of office for Class III directors will expire at the Annual 
Meeting. Two persons named below, each of whom currently serves as a director of the Company, will be nominated to serve as Class III 
directors. If elected, the Class III nominees will serve until the 2002 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The persons named in the proxy will 
vote for the election of the nominees named below unless authority is withheld. The Company's Board believes that the nominees will be 
available and able to serve as directors, but if any of these persons should not be available or able to serve, the proxies may exercise 
discretionary authority to vote for a substitute proposed by the Company's Board.  

Certain information concerning the nominees for election at the Annual Meeting as Class III directors is set forth below, as well as certain 
information about the other Class I and II directors, who will continue in office until the 2000 and 2001 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, 
respectively.  

2  

 
 
                                                                                                     NUMBER OF SHARES 
                                                                   PRINCIPAL                        BENEFICIALLY OWNED 
                                     SERVED                    OCCUPATION DURING                  AS OF FEBRUARY 22, 1999 
NAME (AGE)                          SINCE(1)                    PAST FIVE YEARS                    (PERCENT OF CLASS)(2) 
-----------------                   --------                   -----------------                  ---------------------- 
CLASS I DIRECTORS                   (SERVING UNTIL THE 2000 ANNUAL MEETING) 

Larry G. Dillon (45)                1989                  Chairman, President and                         44,336(3) 
                                                          Chief Executive Officer of the                  (1.1%) 
                                                          Company and the Bank 

James H. Hudson III (50)            1997                  Attorney-at-Law                                  1,893 
                                                          Hudson & Bondurant, P.C.                               * 

CLASS II DIRECTORS                  (SERVING UNTIL THE 2001 ANNUAL MEETING) 

Sture G. Olsson (78)                1952                  Retired; previously Chairman of                285,648(4) 
                                                          the Board, Chesapeake Corporation               (7.4%) 

CLASS III DIRECTORS (NOMINEES) (SERVING UNTIL THE 2002 ANNUAL MEETING) 

J. P. Causey Jr. (55)               1984                  Senior Vice President, Secretary &              34,788 
                                                          General Counsel of Chesapeake                        * 
                                                          Corporation 

William E. O'Connell Jr. (61)       1994                  Chessie Professor of Business,                   2,000 
                                                          The College of William and Mary                      * 

All Directors and Executive                                                                               501,783 
   Officers as a group (14 persons)                                                                        (12.9%) 

* Represents less than 1% of the total outstanding shares of the Company's common stock.  

(1) Refers to the year in which the director was first elected to the Board of Directors of the Bank.  
(2) See footnote 1 of table above "Principal Holders of Capital Stock" for description of how beneficial ownership has been determined for 
purposes of this table.  
(3) Includes16,602 shares as to which Mr. Dillon holds presently exercisable options. A description of such options is set forth below in greater 
detail in "Employee Benefit Plans - Incentive Stock Option Plan".  
(4) Includes shares held by affiliated corporations, close relatives, children, and shares held jointly with spouses or as custodians or trustees for 
children, as follows: Mr. Olsson, see discussion above under "Principal Holders of Capital Stock".  

The Board of Directors of the Bank consists of the five members of the Company's Board listed above as well as P. L. Harrell, Joshua H. 
Lawson, Bryan E. McKernon, Reginald H. Nelson IV, Paul C. Robinson, and Thomas B. Whitmore Jr.  

The Board of Directors is not aware of any family relationship between any director or person nominated by the Company to become director; 
nor is the Board of Directors aware of any involvement in legal proceedings which are material to any impairment of the ability or integrity of 
any director or person nominated to become a director. UNLESS AUTHORITY FOR THE NOMINEES IS WITHHELD, THE SHARES 
REPRESENTED BY THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD, IF EXECUTED AND RETURNED, WILL BE VOTED FOR THE ELECTION OF 
THE NOMINEES PROPOSED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.  

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE "FOR" THE DIRECTORS NOMINATED TO SERVE AS CLASS III 
DIRECTORS.  

3  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD COMMITTEES AND ATTENDANCE  

During 1998, there were nine meetings of the Board of Directors of the Company and thirteen meetings of the Board of Directors of the Bank. 
With the exception of Mr. Olsson, each director attended at least 75% of all meetings of the boards and committees on which he served. The 
Board of Directors of the Company has a Capital Plan and Nominating Committee and the Board of Directors of the Bank has Executive, 
Compensation and Audit Committees.  

Members of the Capital Plan Committee are Messrs. Causey, Dillon, Hudson, and O'Connell. The Capital Plan Committee reviews capital 
related matters and submits proposals or recommendations to the Board of Directors. The Capital Plan Committee did not meet during 1998.  

Members of the Nominating Committee are Messrs. Causey, Dillon, Hudson, and O'Connell. The Nominating Committee reviews, on an as-
needed basis, the qualifications of candidates for membership to the Board. The Nominating Committee met three times during 1998.  

Members of the Executive Committee are Messrs. Causey, Dillon, Hudson, O'Connell, and Olsson. The Executive Committee reviews various 
matters and submits proposals or recommendations to the Board of Directors. The Executive Committee met twice during 1998.  

Members of the Compensation Committee are Messrs. Causey, Harrell, Hudson, and Whitmore. The Compensation Committee recommends 
the level of compensation of each officer of the Bank, the granting of stock options and other employee remuneration plans to the Board of 
Directors. The Compensation Committee met three times during 1998.  

Members of the Audit Committee are Messrs. Causey, Lawson, and Robinson. The Audit Committee reviews and approves various audit 
functions including the year-end audit performed by the Company's independent public accountants. The Audit Committee met four times 
during 1998.  

DIRECTORS' COMPENSATION  

Each of the directors of the Company is also a director of the Bank. Non-employee members of the Board of Directors of the Bank receive an 
annual retainer of $2,500, payable quarterly, with a base meeting fee of $300 per day for Company or Bank meetings and a fee of $100 for each 
secondary meeting of the Company, Bank, or any committees thereof held on the same day as a meeting for which the base meeting fee is paid. 

The Board of Directors of the Company has approved the Amended and Restated 1998 Non-Employee Directors Stock Compensation Plan 
subject to shareholder approval. See "Approval of Amended and Restated 1998 Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation Plan".  

INTEREST OF MANAGEMENT IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS  

As of December 31, 1998, the total maximum extensions of credit (including used and unused lines of credit) to policy-making officers, 
directors, principal shareholders and their associates amounted to $3,604,920, or 9.8%, of total year-end capital. The maximum aggregate 
amount of such indebtedness during 1998 was $1,786,355, or 4.8%, of total year-end capital. These loans were made in the ordinary course of 
the Bank's business, on the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions 
with others, and do not involve more than the normal risks of collectibility or present other unfavorable features. The Bank expects to have in 
the future similar banking transactions with officers, directors, principal shareholders and their associates.  

The firm of Thrift Insurance Corporation serves as the local agent for the Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland. Mr. Lawson, a director 
of the Bank, is the majority owner of Thrift Insurance Corporation. The  

4  

Bank maintains its various insurance policies including its blanket bond coverage, directors and officers liability coverage, and building and 
equipment coverage through Fidelity and Deposit Company of Maryland. All premiums are negotiated directly with representatives of Fidelity 
and Deposit Company of Maryland. During 1998, the Bank paid premiums totaling $202,919 to Thrift Insurance Corporation, as agent, for the 
insurance coverage maintained by the Bank ($75,061 of which represents an annualized portion of a three-year prepaid premium).  

During 1998, the Company and the Bank and its subsidiaries utilized the legal services of the law firm of Hudson and Bondurant, P.C., of 
which James H. Hudson, III is a partner. The amount of fees paid to Hudson and Bondurant, P.C. did not exceed 5% of the firm's gross 
revenue.  

The board of directors of the Company recently approved the repurchase of up to 250,000 shares of Company common stock in blocks of 
10,000 shares or higher at a price of $20.00 per share or less. The Company believes it has agreements to buy 235,000 shares from six 
shareholders by March 12, 1999. Of those shares, 100,000 will be purchased from a trust of which Sture G. Olsson, a director of the Company, 
is co-trustee and 10,000 from Thomas B. Whitmore Jr., a director of the Bank. Sture G. Olsson was not present and did not discuss or vote on 
the repurchase. The shares to be purchased from the trust are subject to approval by the co-trustee and the court.  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  

SUMMARY OF CASH AND CERTAIN OTHER COMPENSATIONS. The following table shows the cash compensation paid to Mr. Dillon, 
President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Brad E. Schwartz, Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the 
Company, during 1998, 1997, and 1996. During 1998, no other executive officer of the Company received compensation in excess of 
$100,000.  

                           SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE 

                                                                                    LONG-TERM 
                                           ANNUAL COMPENSATION                     COMPENSATION 
                           --------------------------------------------------      ------------                ALL 
NAME AND                                                         OTHER ANNUAL                                 OTHER 
PRINCIPAL POSITION         YEAR      SALARY      BONUS(1)       COMPENSATION(2)      OPTIONS(3)          COMPENSATION(4) 
------------------         ----      ------      -----          ------------         -------             ------------ 
Larry G. Dillon            1998     $140,000     $50,000             -                3,500               $22,842 
   President/Chief         1997      120,000      40,000             -                3,200                19,118 
   Executive Officer       1996      102,500      20,000             -                3,200                17,126 

Brad E. Schwartz           1998       84,000      18,000             -                2,500                12,727 
   Senior Vice Pres./      1997       75,000      14,000             -                2,200                10,777 
   Chief Operating         1996       70,000       8,000             -                2,200                10,509 
         Officer 

(1) All bonuses were paid under the Management Incentive Bonus Plan, which is described below in "Employee Benefit Plans".  
(2) The amount of compensation in the form of perquisites or other personal benefits properly categorized in this column according to the 
disclosure rules adopted by the Commission did not exceed the lesser of either $50,000, or 10% of the total annual salary and bonus reported in 
each of the three years reported for Messrs. Dillon and Schwartz, and therefore, is not required to be reported.  
(3) 1998 options were granted at an exercise price of $18.625 per share; 1997 options were granted at an exercise price of $12.50 per share; 
1996 options were granted at an exercise price of $9.38 per share.  
(4) $8,667, $6,966, and $11,711, were paid to Mr. Dillon and $5,044, $4,140 and $7,877 were paid to Mr. Schwartz under the Bank's Profit-
Sharing Plan for 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. $5,454, $5,383, and $5,415, were  

5  

 
 
 
paid to Mr. Dillon and $2,639, $2,631 and $2,632 were paid to Mr. Schwartz under the Bank's Split-Dollar Insurance Program for 1998, 1997, 
and 1996, respectively. $8,721 and $6,769 were paid to Mr. Dillon and $5,044 and $4,006 were paid to Mr. Schwartz under the Bank's 401(k) 
Plan for 1998 and 1997, respectively. All three plans are described below in "Employee Benefit Plans".  

STOCK OPTIONS AND SAR. The following table shows all grants of options to Messrs. Dillon and Schwartz in 1998:  

OPTION/SAR GRANTS IN LAST FISCAL YEAR  

                                                                                             POTENTIAL REALIZABLE VALUE 
                                                                                               AT ASSUMED ANNUAL RATES 
                                                                                             OF STOCK PRICE APPRECIATION 
                                            INDIVIDUAL GRANTS                                      FOR OPTION TERM 
                    -------------------------------------------------------------------      --------------------------- 

                                          % OF TOTAL 
                                        OPTIONS GRANTED     EXERCISE OR 
                        OPTIONS         TO EMPLOYEES IN     BASE PRICE       EXPIRATION           5%           10% 
NAME                GRANTED (#) (1)       FISCAL YEAR         ($/SH)            DATE              ($)          ($) 
----                ---------------       -----------         ------            ----              ---          --- 
Larry G. Dillon          3,500               10.0%            18.625          12/15/08          40,996        103,892 
Brad E. Schwartz         2,500                7.2%            18.625          12/15/08          29,282         74,208 

(1) Vesting is as follows: One-third by December 15, 1999; two-thirds by December 15, 2000; and 100% by December 15, 2001.  

OPTION/SAR EXERCISES AND HOLDINGS. The following table shows stock options exercised by Messrs. Dillon and Schwartz in 1998:  

                      AGGREGATED OPTION/SAR EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR AND FY-END OPTIONS/SAR VALUES 

                                                                                                VALUE OF UNEXERCISED 
                                                                 NUMBER OF UNEXERCISED              IN-THE-MONEY 
                                                                      OPTIONS AT                     OPTIONS AT 
                            SHARES                               DECEMBER 31, 1998 (#)          DECEMBER 31, 1998 ($) 
                          ACQUIRED ON            VALUE               EXERCISABLE/                   EXERCISABLE/ 
NAME                     EXERCISE (#)        REALIZED ($)            UNEXERCISABLE                  UNEXERCISABLE 
----                     ------------        ------------            -------------                  ------------- 
Larry G. Dillon              2,000              41,000                  16,602/                       152,181/ 
                                                                         6,698                         23,756 
Brad E. Schwartz              --                  --                    12,202/                       111,350/ 
                                                                         4,698                         16,338 

CHANGE IN CONTROL ARRANGEMENT  

The Company has entered into a "change in control agreement" with Mr. Dillon. The agreement provides certain payments to and benefits for 
Mr. Dillon in the event of a termination of his employment by the Company without "cause," or by Mr. Dillon for "good reason," during the 
period beginning on the occurrence of a "change in control" (as defined) of the Company and ending sixty-one days after the second 
anniversary of the change in control date. In such event, Mr. Dillon would be entitled (i) to receive in 12 consecutive quarterly  

6  

 
 
 
 
installments, or in a lump sum, two and one-half times the sum of his highest aggregate annual base salary during the 24 month period 
preceding the change in control date and his highest aggregate annual bonus for the three fiscal years preceding the change in control date; (ii) 
for a period of three years following termination, to receive continuing health insurance, life insurance, split-dollar insurance, and similar 
benefits under the Company's welfare benefit plans and to have the three year period credited as service towards completion of any service 
requirement for retiree coverage under the Company's welfare benefit plans; and (iii) if Mr. Dillon requests within one year after his 
termination to have the Company acquire his residence for its appraised fair market value. During the term of the agreement following a change 
in control, Mr. Dillon may voluntarily terminate his employment and become entitled to these payments and benefits under certain 
circumstances. These circumstances include, but are not limited to, a material adverse change in his position, authority, or responsibilities, or a 
reduction in his rate of annual base salary, benefits (including incentives, bonuses, stock compensation, and retirement and welfare plan 
coverage), or other perquisites as in effect immediately prior to the change in control date.  

Payments and benefits provided under the agreement will be reduced, if and to the extent necessary, so that Mr. Dillon will not be subject to a 
federal excise tax on, and the Company will not be denied an income tax deduction on account of having made excess parachute payments.  

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS  

MANAGEMENT INCENTIVE BONUS PLAN. The Bank adopted a Management Incentive Bonus Plan (the "Bonus Plan") effective January 
1, 1987. The Bonus Plan is offered to selected members of management. The bonus is derived from a pool of funds determined by the Bank's 
total performance relative to (1) prescribed growth rates of assets and deposits, (2) return on average assets, and (3) absolute level of net 
income. Attainment, in whole or in part, of these goals dictates the amount set aside in the pool of funds. Evaluation of attainment and approval 
of the pool amount is done by the Board of Directors of the Bank. Payment of the bonus is based on individual performance and paid in cash as 
a percentage of the respective individual's base salary. Expense is accrued in the year of the specified bonus performance.  

Other than the Bonus Plan (above), the Incentive Stock Option Plan (detailed below), and the Split-Dollar Insurance Program (detailed below), 
there are no personal benefits provided to principal officers and directors which are not provided to all other full-time employees.  

PROFIT-SHARING/401(K) PLAN. The Bank maintains a Defined Contribution "Profit-Sharing" Plan sponsored by the Virginia Bankers 
Association. The plan was amended effective January 1, 1997, to include a 401(k) savings provision, which authorizes a maximum voluntary 
salary deferral of up to 15% of compensation (with a partial company match), subject to statutory limitations. The profit-sharing arrangement 
provides for an annual discretionary contribution to the account of each eligible employee based in part on the Bank's profitability for a given 
year, and on each participant's yearly earnings. All full-time employees who have attained the age of 18 and have at least three months of 
service are eligible to participate. Contributions and earnings may be invested in various investment vehicles offered through the Virginia 
Bankers Association. Contributions and earnings are tax-deferred. An employee is 40% vested after four years of service, 60% after five years, 
80% after six years, and fully vested after seven years.  

RETIREMENT PLAN. The Bank has a Non-Contributory Defined Benefit Retirement Plan (the "Retirement Plan") covering substantially all 
employees who have reached the age of 21 and have been fully employed for at least one year. The Retirement Plan provides participants with 
retirement benefits related to salary and years of credited service. Employees become vested after five plan years of service, and the normal 
retirement date is the plan anniversary date nearest the employee's 65th birthday. The Retirement Plan does not cover directors who are not 
active officers. The amount expensed for the Retirement Plan during the year ended December 31, 1998, was $102,536.  

7  

The following table shows the estimated annual retirement benefits payable to employees in the average annual salary and years of service 
classifications set forth below assuming retirement at the normal retirement age of 65.  

CONSECUTIVE FIVE-YEAR                                          YEARS OF CREDITED SERVICE 
   AVERAGE SALARY                  15               20                  25                 30               35 
---------------------          ----------       ----------          ----------         ----------       ---------- 
    $   25,000                 $   4,688        $   6,250           $   7,813          $   8,750        $   9,688 
        40,000                     8,490           11,320              14,150             15,980           17,810 
        55,000                    12,990           17,320              21,650             24,605           27,560 
        75,000                    18,990           25,320              31,650             36,105           40,560 
       100,000                    26,490           35,320              44,150             50,480           56,810 
       125,000                    33,990           45,320              56,650             64,855           73,060 
       150,000                    41,490           55,320              69,150             79,230           89,310 
       160,000                    44,490           59,320              74,150             84,980           95,810 

Benefits under the Retirement Plan are based on a straight life annuity assuming full benefit at age 65, no offsets, and covered compensation of 
$31,200 for a person age 65 in 1998. Compensation is currently limited to $160,000 by the Internal Revenue Code. The estimated annual 
benefit payable under the Retirement Plan upon retirement is $85,912 and $44,846 for Messrs. Dillon and Schwartz, respectively, credited with 
40 years of service. Benefits are estimated on the basis that they will continue to receive, until age 65, covered salary in the same amount paid 
in 1998.  

SPLIT-DOLLAR INSURANCE PLAN. In addition to a group life insurance plan that is available to all full-time employees, the Bank offers a 
Split-Dollar Insurance Program to selected members of management. The insurance benefit under this program is equal to five times an 
officer's annual salary in effect at the time the officer is enrolled in the program. The Bank recovers its cost from each participant at retirement 
or from the proceeds of the policy if the participant dies before reaching retirement age.  

INCENTIVE STOCK OPTION PLAN. The company adopted the 1994 Incentive Stock Option Plan (the "Incentive Plan") effective May 1, 
1994. The Incentive Plan makes available up to 200,000 shares of common stock for awards to key employees of the Company and its 
subsidiaries in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, and restricted stock (collectively, "Awards"). The purpose of the Incentive 
Plan is to promote the success of the Company and its subsidiaries by providing incentives to key employees that will promote the 
identification of their personal interests with the long-term financial success of the Company and with growth in shareholder value. The 
Incentive Plan is designed to provide flexibility to the Company in its ability to motivate, attract, and retain the services of key employees upon 
whose judgment, interest, and special effort the successful conduct of its operation is largely dependent.  

Under the terms of the Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Bank (the "Committee") administers the 
plan. The Committee will have the power to determine the key employees to whom Awards shall be made.  

Each Award under the Incentive Plan will be made pursuant to a written agreement between the Company and the recipient of the Award (the 
"Agreement"). In administering the Incentive Plan, the Committee will have the authority to determine the terms and conditions upon which 
Awards may be made and exercised, to determine terms and provisions of each Agreement, to construe and interpret the Incentive Plan and the 
Agreements, to establish, amend, or waive rules or regulations for the Incentive Plan's administration, to accelerate the exercisability of any 
Award, the end of any performance period, or termination of any period of restriction, and to make all other determinations and take all other 
actions necessary or advisable for the administration of the Incentive Plan.  

The Board may terminate, amend, or modify the Incentive Plan from time to time in any respect without shareholder approval, unless the 
particular amendment or modification requires shareholder approval  

8  

 
under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), the rules and regulations under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 or pursuant to any other applicable laws, rules, or regulations.  

COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  

The Compensation Committee (the "Committee"), which is composed of non-employee Directors of the Company and the Bank listed below, 
recommends to the Board of Directors of the Bank (the "Board") the annual salary levels and any bonuses to be paid to the Bank's executive 
officers. The Committee also makes recommendations to the Board regarding the issuance of stock options and all other compensation related 
matters.  

Currently, the individuals serving as Chief Executive Officer and executive officers of the Company also serve in the same capacities, 
respectively, for the Bank. These officers are presently compensated for services rendered by them to the Bank, but not for services rendered by 
them to the Company.  

The primary objective of the Bank's executive compensation program is to attract and retain highly skilled and motivated executive officers 
who will manage the Bank in a manner to promote its growth and profitability and advance the interest of the Company's stockholders. As 
such, the compensation program is designed to provide levels of compensation which are reflective of both the individual's and the 
organization's performance in achieving the organization's goals and objectives, both financial and non-financial, and in helping to build value 
for the Company's stockholders. Based on its evaluation of these factors, the Committee believes that the executive officers are dedicated to 
achieving significant improvements in long-term financial performance and that the compensation plans the Committee has implemented and 
administered have contributed to achieving this management focus.  

The principal elements of the Bank's compensation program include base annual salary, short-term incentive compensation under the Bank's 
Management Incentive Bonus Plan, and long-term incentives through the grants of stock options under the 1994 Incentive Stock Option Plan.  

In considering compensation for the Chief Executive Officer and the other executive officers, the Committee relied on compensation surveys 
and an evaluation of the officers' level of responsibility and performance. In 1998, the Committee used the following compensation surveys to 
assist in developing its recommendation on compensation: The SNL Executive Compensation Review; the Sheshunoff Bank Executive and 
Director Compensation Survey; and the Virginia Bankers Association's Salary Survey of Virginia Banks. The Committee believes that these 
are relevant and appropriate indicators of compensation paid by the Bank's competitors. The Committee received an evaluation by the Chief 
Executive Officer of the performance of the executive officers (other than the Chief Executive Officer) during 1998. The Committee evaluated 
the performance of the Chief Executive Officer based on the financial performance of the Company and the Bank, achievements in 
implementing the Bank's long-term strategy, and the personal observations of the Chief Executive Officer's performance by the members of the 
Committee. No particular weight was given to any particular aspects of the performance of the Chief Executive Officer, but his performance in 
1998 was evaluated as outstanding, with the Company and the Bank achieving record earnings and significant progress being made on the 
Bank's long-term strategy.  

Based on the salary surveys and the performance evaluations, the Committee generally set base annual salaries for the Chief Executive Officer 
and the other executive officers in the median range of salaries contained in the various surveys for comparable positions.  

The Committee also reviewed each executive officer's performance and responsibility to assess the payment of short-term incentive 
compensation. The Committee uses the compensation surveys and takes into consideration the performance of the Bank relative to its peer 
group, taking into consideration profit growth, asset growth, return on equity, and return on assets. No particular weight is given to each of 
these elements. The cash bonuses were given based upon the role of such officers in the growth and profitability of the Bank in 1998.  

Each year, the Committee also considers the desirability of granting long-term incentive awards under the Company's 1994 Incentive Stock 
Option Plan. The Committee believes that grants of options focus the  

9  

Bank's senior management on building profitability and shareholder value. The Committee notes in particular its view that stock option grants 
afford a desirable long-term compensation method because they closely ally the interest of management with shareholder value. In fixing the 
grants of stock options with the senior management group, other than the Chief Executive Officer, the Committee reviewed with the Chief 
Executive Officer recommended individual awards, taking into account the respective scope of accountability and contributions of each 
member of the senior management group. The award to the Chief Executive Officer was fixed separately and was based, among other things, 
on the review of competitive compensation data from selected peer companies and information on his total compensation as well as the 
Committee's perception of his past and expected future contributions to the Company's achievement of its long-term goals.  

COMPENSATION COMMITTEE  

J. P. Causey Jr. - Chairman  
P. Loy Harrell  
James H. Hudson III  
Thomas B. Whitmore Jr.  

COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION  

During 1998 and up to the present time, there were transactions between the Company's banking subsidiary and certain members of the 
Compensation Committee, or their associates, all consisting of extensions of credit by the Bank in the ordinary course of business. Each 
transaction was made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates, collateral and repayment terms, as those prevailing at the time 
for comparable transactions with the general public. In the opinion of management, none of the transactions involved more than the normal risk 
of collectibility or present other unfavorable features.  

None of the members of the Compensation Committee has served as an officer or employee of the Company or any of its affiliates. No director 
may serve as a member of the Committee if he is eligible to participate in the Incentive Plan or was at any time within one year prior to his 
appointment to the Committee eligible to participate in the Incentive Plan.  

10  

PERFORMANCE GRAPH  

The following graph compares the yearly cumulative total shareholder return on the Company's common stock with (1) the yearly cumulative 
total shareholder return on stocks included in the NASDAQ stock index and (2) the yearly cumulative total shareholder return on stocks 
included in the Independent Bank Index prepared by the Carson Medlin Company. The Independent Bank Index is the compilation of the total 
return to shareholders over the past 5 years of a group of twenty-three independent community banks located in the southeastern states of 
Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia.  

There can be no assurance that the Company's stock performance will continue into the future with the same or similar trends depicted in the 
graph below.  

[GRAPH]  

                                                  C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
                                                 Five Year Performance Index 

                                  1993      1994      1995      1996      1997      1998 
                                  ----      ----      ----      ----      ----      ---- 
C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION          100       120       124       117       167       247 
INDEPENDENT BANK INDEX             100       119       151       191       280       296 
NASDAQ INDEX                       100       98        138       170       209       293 

11  

 
 
SECTION 16(A) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE  

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act requires directors, executive officers, and 10% beneficial owners of the Company's common stock 
to file reports concerning their ownership of common stock. Except as set forth below, the Company believes that its officers and directors 
complied with all filing requirements under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during 1998. The following persons 
inadvertently failed to file on a timely basis reports required by Section 16(a) as follows: James H. Hudson III, Sture G. Olsson, J. P. Causey 
Jr., and William E. O'Connell Jr. each filed one report late involving one transaction. The required reports for these individuals were filed as of 
December 28, 1998.  

PROPOSAL TWO  
APPROVAL OF THE AMENDED AND RESTATED 1998 NON-EMPLOYEE  
DIRECTOR STOCK COMPENSATION PLAN  

The C&F Financial Corporation 1998 Non-Employee Director Stock Compensation Plan (the "Plan") was adopted by the Board of Directors on 
August 18, 1998, to be effective on September 1, 1998. The Plan made available up to 25,000 shares of common stock for awards to non-
employee directors of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Citizens and Farmers Bank (the "Bank"), in the form of stock options 
("Awards"). As of February 22, 1999, 8,000 options to purchase company common stock were outstanding under the Plan.  

The Board of Directors voted on February 16, 1999 to amend the Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized to be 
issued under the Plan to 150,000 shares of common stock, subject to shareholder approval of the Plan at the 1999 Annual Meeting.  

The principal features of the Plan, as amended, are summarized in the following paragraphs. This summary is subject, in all respects, to the 
terms of the Plan. The Company will provide promptly, upon request and without charge, a copy of the full text of the Plan to each person to 
whom a copy of this Proxy Statement is delivered. Requests should be directed to the Chief Financial Officer of the Company at Eighth and 
Main Streets, West Point, Virginia 23181.  

PURPOSE. The purpose of the Plan is to promote a greater identity of interest between non-employee directors of the Company and the Bank 
and the Company's shareholders by increasing the participation of such directors' proprietary interest in the Company through the receipt of 
Awards.  

ADMINISTRATION. Under the terms of the Plan, one or more persons who are employees of the Company and directors of the Board (the 
"Employee Directors"), and such additional employees as the Employee Directors shall designate, will be appointed to administer the Plan.  

ELIGIBILITY. All non-employee directors of the Company and the Bank ("Non-Employee Directors") are eligible for Awards under the Plan. 
Non-Employee Directors serving on both the Board of the Company and the Bank will be entitled to receive only one Award under the Plan 
per year.  

OPTIONS. The stock options awarded under the Plan will not constitute "incentive stock options" within the meaning of Section 422 of the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). Accordingly, the stock options will be non-qualified stock options ("NQSOs") and 
will be subject to taxation under Section 83 of the Code.  

Commencing on September 1, 1998 and on May 1 of each succeeding year ending in the year 2008 or until there are insufficient shares of 
common stock available for the grant of Awards in accordance with the terms of the Plan, each Non-Employee Director will automatically 
receive an Award of 1,000 stock options. At the discretion of the Board, the number of shares subject to the automatic option may be increased 
up to 250 shares per year per participant, on a cumulative basis, during the term of the Plan, subject to a maximum of 2,000 shares granted per 
year per participant.  

12  

Awards are not exercisable until April 30 in the calendar year following its date of grant. However, an Award will be immediately exercisable 
if the Non-Employee Director's membership on the board of directors of the Company or the Bank terminates as a result of retirement in 
accordance with the Company's or the Bank's policies, death, or disability (as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code). An Award will be 
forfeited if, as of the termination of the Non-Employee Director's membership on the board of directors of the Company or the Bank, the 
Award is not then exercisable and such termination occurs for any reason other than the Non-Employee Director's retirement in accordance 
with the Company's or the Bank's policies, death, or disability (as defined above). An Award may be exercised with respect to any number of 
whole shares less than the full number for which the Award could be exercised.  

The option exercise price will be the closing price (or, if there are not trades on the date of grant, then the next preceding date that a closing 
price is available) of the common stock as reported on NASDAQ (or other applicable listing service or exchanges used by the Company) on the 
Award's date of grant ("Fair Market Value"), or if in the judgment of the Board there is insufficient recent trading activity to warrant 
determination of the Fair Market Value solely on the basis of such closing prices on the listing service or exchange, then the Fair Market Value 
will be determined as of the date of grant in good faith by the Board.  

Unless otherwise provided by the option agreement, upon the exercise of an Award, in whole or in part, optionees must tender cash or a cash 
equivalent to the Company in payment for the common stock purchased. In addition, all or part of the option price may be paid by surrendering 
shares of common stock to the Company. If common stock is used to pay all or part of the option price, the shares surrendered must have a Fair 
Market Value that is not less than such price or part thereof.  

No stock option will be exercisable after ten years from the date of grant.  

SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN. Up to 150,000 shares of common stock may be issued under the Plan. Except as set forth below, shares 
of common stock issued in connection with the exercise of, or as other payment for an Award will be charged against the total number of 
shares issuable under the Plan. If any Award terminates, in whole or in part, for any reason other than as a result of being exercised, the 
common stock subject to such Award will be available for further Awards.  

In order to reflect such events as stock dividends, stock split-ups, subdivisions or consolidations of shares of common stock, or transactions to 
which Section 424 of the Code applies, the Employee Directors will adjust the aggregate number of shares from which grants or awards may be 
made and the terms of each outstanding Award.  

CHANGE IN CONTROL. In order to maintain all the participants' rights in the event of a Change in Control of the Company (as that term is 
defined in the Plan), the Employee Directors, as constituted before such Change in Control, may take in its sole discretion any one or more of 
the following actions either at the time an Award is made or any time thereafter: (i) provide for the acceleration of any time periods relating to 
the exercise or realization of any such Awards so that such Award may be exercised or realized in full on or before a date initially fixed by the 
Employee Directors; (ii) provide for the purchase or settlement of any such Award by the Company, upon the participant's request, for an 
amount of cash equal to the amount which could have been obtained upon the exercise of such Award or realization of such participant's rights 
had such Award been currently exercisable or payable; (iii) make such adjustment to any such Award then outstanding as the Employee 
Directors deem appropriate to reflect such Change in Control; or (iv) cause any such Award then outstanding to be assumed, or new rights 
substituted therefor, by the acquiring or surviving corporation in such Change in Control.  

CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES. A participant will not recognize income on the grant of a NQSO, but generally will 
recognize income upon the exercise of a NQSO. The amount of income recognized upon the exercise of a NQSO will be measured by the 
excess, if any, of the Fair Market Value of the shares at the time of exercise over the exercise price.  

13  

In the case of ordinary income recognized by an optionee as described above in connection with the exercise of a NQSO, the Company will be 
entitled to a deduction in the amount of ordinary income so recognized by the optionee, provided the Company satisfies certain federal income 
tax withholding requirements.  

AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION OF THE PLAN. The Board of Directors may amend the Plan from time to time without the consent of 
the shareholders or optionees. If the Board determines that shareholder approval is required and the Plan is submitted for such approval and 
adopted, then no subsequent amendment may become effective until shareholder approval is obtained if the amendment materially increases 
the total number of shares of the common stock available for grant under the Plan, materially modifies the class of eligible individuals under 
the Plan, or materially increases the benefits to participants under the Plan. No amendment will, without the participant's consent, adversely 
affect any rights of such participant under any Award outstanding at the time such amendment is made.  

The Board may terminate the Plan at any time. The Plan will terminate automatically, without any action of the Board, if, on any date of grant, 
there are insufficient shares available for the grant of Awards in accordance with the terms of the Plan.  

VOTE REQUIRED. The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the common stock cast at the Annual Meeting, assuming a quorum is 
present, is required to ratify and approve the Plan including the options previously granted thereunder.  

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THAT THE STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" ADOPTION OF THE PROPOSED 
PLAN.  

PROPOSAL THREE  
RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS  

The Board of Directors, subject to ratification by the shareholders, has appointed Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. as independent public 
accountants for the current fiscal year ending December 31, 1999.  

A representative of Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. will be present at the Annual Meeting and will be given the opportunity to make a statement 
and respond to appropriate questions from the shareholders. Unless marked to the contrary, the shares represented by the enclosed proxy card, 
if executed and returned, will be voted FOR the ratification of the appointment of Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. as the independent public 
accountants of the Company.  

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE "FOR" RATIFICATION OF THE APPOINTMENT OF YOUNT, HYDE 
& BARBOUR, P.C. AS INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS.  

As of the date of this Proxy Statement, management of the Company has no knowledge of any matters to be presented for consideration at the 
Annual Meeting other than those referred to above. If any other matters properly come before the Annual Meeting, the persons named in the 
accompanying proxy intend to vote such proxy, to the extent entitled, in accordance with their best judgment.  

OTHER BUSINESS  

14  

SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS FOR 2000 ANNUAL MEETING  

Proposals of shareholders intended to be presented at the 2000 Annual Meeting must be received by the Company no later than November 20, 
1999. Under applicable law, the Board of Directors need not include an otherwise appropriate shareholder proposal (including any shareholder 
nominations for director candidates) in its proxy statement or form of proxy for that meeting unless the proposal is received by the Company's 
Secretary, at the Company's principal office in West Point, Virginia, on or before the date set forth above.  

By Order of the Board of Directors  

                                          /s/ Gari B. Sullivan 
                                          ----------------------------- 
                                          Gari B. Sullivan 
                                          SECRETARY 

West Point, Virginia 
March 15, 1999 

15  

 
 
 
 
A COPY OF THE COMPANY'S ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K REPORT (INCLUDING EXHIBITS) AS FILED WITH THE 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, WILL BE FURNISHED WITHOUT 
CHARGE TO SHAREHOLDERS UPON WRITTEN REQUEST DIRECTED TO THE COMPANY'S SECRETARY AS SET FORTH ON 
THE FIRST PAGE OF THIS PROXY STATEMENT.  

16  

This Proxy is solicited on behalf of the Board of Directors  

C&F FINANCIAL CORPORATION  

The undersigned hereby appoints Larry G. Dillon and James H. Hudson III, jointly and severally as proxies, with full power to act alone, and 
with full power of substitution to represent the undersigned, and to vote all shares of the Company standing in the name of the undersigned as 
of February 22, 1999, at the annual meeting of shareholders to be held Tuesday, April 20, 1999 - 3:30  
p.m. at the Father van den Boogaard Center, 3510 King William Avenue, West Point, Virginia, or any adjournments thereof, on each of the 
following matters. This proxy, when properly executed, will be voted in the manner directed by the undersigned shareholder. If no direction is 
made, this proxy will be voted FOR each proposal and on other matters at the discretion of the proxy agents.  

(Continued and to be signed on Reverse Side)  

Please Detach and Mail in the Envelope Provided  

A [X] Please mark your  
votes as in this  
example.  

         FOR 
     all nominees 
(except as marked to the           WITHHELD 
  contrary below.)             from all nominees 

1. To elect two Class    [  ]       [    ]                      Nominees: 
   III directors to serve 
   until the 2002 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, or until their    J.P. Causey Jr. 
   successors are elected and qualified, as instructed below.       William E. O'Connell Jr. 
(Instruction: To withhold authority to vote for any nominee(s), 
write that nominee(s) name on the space provided below.) 

_______________________________________________________________ 

                                                                                FOR              AGAINST               ABSTAIN 

2. Proposal to approve the Company's Amended and Restated 1998 Non-Employee     [  ]              [  ]                   [  ] 
   Director Stock Compensation Plan. 

3. Proposal to ratify the appointment of Yount, Hyde & Barbour, P.C. as         [  ]              [  ]                   [  ] 
   independent public accountants of the Company for 1999. 

4. The transaction of any other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournment thereof. Management 
   presently knows of no other business to be presented at the Annual Meeting. 

Meeting Attendance 
I plan to attend the annual meeting on Tuesday, April 20th, 1999 at the location 
printed on the back. I will also note the number of attendees. 

                                                                         Will   [  ]                          Will not   [  ] 
                                                                        Attend                                 Attend 
                                                                       Meeting                                Meeting 

                                                                       Number of Attendees 

                                                                       _____________________________ 

Signature___________________________  _______________________          Dated _____________________________, 1999 

NOTE: Please sign your name(s) exactly as shown imprinted hereon. When shares are held by joint tenants, both should sign. When 
      signing as attorney, executor, administrator, trustee, or guardian, please give full title as such. If a corporation, please 
      sign full corporate name by President or other authorized officer. If a partnership, please sign in partnership name by 
      authorized person. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 99.2  

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT  

The Board of Directors and Shareholders  
C&F Financial Corporation  

We have audited the consolidated balance sheet of C&F Financial Corporation and subsidiary as of December 31, 1996, and the related 
consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the 
responsibility of the Corporation's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.  

We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test 
basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles 
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our 
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.  

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of C&F Financial 
Corporation and subsidiary as of December 31, 1996, the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity 
with generally accepted accounting principles.  

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 

Richmond, Virginia 

January 17, 1997 

End of Filing  

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