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MedAdvisorRegistered No: 8211361 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Annual Report and Accounts 31 December 2021 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Contents CORPORATE DIRECTORY STRATEGIC REPORT REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT REMUNERATION REPORT INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CAMBRIDGE COGNITION HOLDINGS PLC CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PARENT COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION PARENT COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY NOTES TO THE PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PAGE 2 3-10 11-12 13-16 17-18 19-30 31 32 33 34 35-54 55 56 57-58 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Corporate Directory Directors: Registered Office: Steven Powell Matthew Stork Richard Bungay Debra Leeves (Non-Executive Chairman) (Chief Executive Officer) (Non-Executive Director) (Non-Executive Director) Tunbridge Court Tunbridge Lane Bottisham Cambridge CB25 9TU Company number: 8211361 Auditor: Legal Advisers: Bankers: Registrars: Nominated Advisor and Joint Broker: Joint Broker: Grant Thornton UK LLP Chartered Accountants Statutory Auditor 101 Cambridge Science Park Milton Road Cambridge CB4 0FY Brown Rudnick LLP 8 Clifford Street London W1S 2LQ Barclays 28 Chesterton Road Cambridge CB4 3AZ Link Group 10th Floor Central Square 29 Wellington Street Leeds LS1 4DL Panmure Gordon (UK) Ltd. One New Change London EC4M 9AF Dowgate Capital Limited 15 Fetter Lane London EC4A 1BW 2 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REVIEW Financial summary - - - - - Revenue up 50% to £10.1m (2020: £6.7m) Gross profit up 49% to £8.1m (2020: £5.4m) Profit for the year £0.5m (2020: £0.4m loss) Profit per share 1.4 pence (2020: 1.5 pence loss per share) Cash balance of £6.8m at 31 December 2021 (31 December 2020: £3.0m) Operational highlights Contracted order book £17.0m at 31 December 2021 (31 December 2020: £11.2m) Record sales intake of £15.7m (2020: £12.7m) - - Major contract wins, including a £2.3m large cohort study - - Well-managed growth leading to profitability - - Proprietary speech technology for clinical trials in validation trials Completed spin-out of digital phenotyping business, Monument Therapeutics Overview 2021 has been a landmark year and inflection point for the Company. With considerable momentum from successes in 2020, the Company delivered record sales, 50% revenue growth, and profitability in 2021. I am grateful to both the investors who have supported us and our team for their commitment and hard work as we have grown the business. Cambridge Cognition’s goal is to improve the health of people around the world by discovering and delivering more effective brain health assessments. The Company’s leading computerised cognitive assessment, CANTABTM, was developed with this in mind at Cambridge University. We have subsequently built upon that position with a suite of in-clinic and home-based digital and verbal cognitive tests and electronic Clinical Outcomes Assessment (“eCOA”) instruments. We have continued to focus on commercial execution to drive sales of our innovative solutions for clinical trials. At the same time, there has been increased demand with an acceleration of the trend towards virtual clinical trials and more investment in Central Nervous System (“CNS”) drug development. These dynamics resulted in substantial orders and subsequent revenue growth for both our software and services. We consistently provided value for our loyal and growing customer base of leading academics, top 20 pharmaceutical and biotech companies. There were some more delays to clinical trials due to the pandemic in 2021 – fewer than in 2020 – and once again the impact on revenues were offset by new contract gains. With our experience in, and infrastructure for, web-based assessment we were able to support customers with at-home-measurement as part of a virtual or hybrid clinical trial. In addition to delivering a strong performance in 2021, the contract wins over the year mean we are well prepared for 2022 and beyond with a contracted order book of over £17 million at the start of 2022, of which at least £7.5 million is expected to be recognised as revenue in 2022, subject to customer delivery schedules. This gives the Company excellent visibility of revenue into the year ahead. Cambridge Cognition has a reputation for leading in the development of novel digital cognitive assessments. This is evident from the widespread use of CANTAB™ amongst the academic research community, the leading members of which frequently advise pharmaceutical companies on clinical trial design. The evidence for CANTAB™ continues to build and there are now over 2,500 publications of studies across over 100 therapeutic areas. We were also pleased with the progress made developing and publishing on new short, high frequency cognitive assessments on mobile phones. We took a major step forward in 2021 with considerable scientific communication on our proprietary speech technology, NeuroVocalixTM, a fully automated voice platform that is being specifically developed for clinical trials. Over the year, we completed the platform product development, moving it from an R&D environment to our regulatory compliant production environment, and are working on verbal assessments for the platform and validation clinical trials. 3 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 Our strategic focus on clinical trials saw us finalise the spin-out of a digital phenotyping business, Monument Therapeutics, retaining a minority shareholding and the potential for royalties in the future. Financial Results Revenue grew by 50% to £10.1m (2020: £6.7m). Revenue is recognised over the term of the contracts and so the £10.1m revenue recognised in 2021 was from contracts won both in 2021 and in prior years. We anticipate the £17.0m contracted orderbook at the end of December 2021 will generate at least £7.5m of revenue to be recognised in 2022 with the balance to be recognised in subsequent years. Recognised revenue split by type was as follows: 2021 2020 Increase Increase Software Services Total Software & Services Hardware £m 3.6 5.6 9.2 0.9 Total Revenue 10.1 £m 2.7 3.7 6.4 0.3 6.7 £m 0.9 1.9 2.8 0.6 3.4 33% 51% 44% 300% 50% Services revenue grew by 51% as more implementation and bespoke development work was carried out. Software revenue improved by 33% but, given the time lag between contract signature and software usage, we would expect this to grow further in 2022. Hardware sales have increased considerably as a percentage of revenue in 2021; the hardware, which is procured from third parties, is only supplied by Cambridge Cognition when specifically requested by a customer to support a project. Hardware sales had been expected to decline as digital devices become ubiquitous, however, we now integrate wearable devices into our solution and so increased the supply of these in 2021. Gross profit was £8.1m (80.2% margin) compared with £5.4m (80.4% margin) in 2020. The additional spending on hardware was offset by a reduction in third party costs. Administrative expenses increased by 28% to £7.8m (2020: £6.1m) primarily as a result of an increase in headcount post the COVID-19 recovery, which accounts for £1m of the increase. The remainder is due to increased legal, professional and third-party services costs. As planned, investment in research and development, which is necessary to maintain the company’s position at the forefront of the sector, was more targeted in 2021 and this resulted in R&D spend of £1.7m (2020: £1.5m). Profit before tax was £0.3m (2020: loss before tax £0.6m). R&D tax credits were £0.2m (2020: £0.2m). The post-tax profit for the year was £0.5m (2020: post tax loss £0.4m), which equates to earnings per share of 1.4 pence (2020: 1.5 pence loss per share). Cash inflow from operating activities was £3.9m (2020: £1.0m), driven by the high value of sales orders. Sales contracts for clinical trials typically include an amount of cash billable upon signing, and as such an invoice is raised (and cash subsequently collected) as contracts are executed and before revenue is recognised. After investing activities total cash inflow was £3.8m, and the year-end cash balance was £6.8m, which provides a solid platform for growth (31 December 2020: £3.0m). 4 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 Operational Review Cambridge Cognition had a productive year in 2021, progressing major contracts and achieving a number of milestones, while carefully managing costs. The achievements spanned winning sizeable new contracts, improving the Group’s brand position, continuing innovative developments, and spinning-out a drug development business. Record sales order intake. Our commercialisation activities resulted in record sales orders of £15.7m in 2021. There were three main contributors: first, with excellent customer service – seen in survey responses – we routinely see clients contracting multiple times over many years; secondly, we have been targeting new therapeutic areas with the potential for increasing use of cognitive assessments; and thirdly, we have been continuing to lead with new solutions and so increased average order values for clinical trials by 30%. Large contract wins. As announced, to maintain visibility for investors, we won several large multi-year contracts: three announcements totalling £2.9m in contract value for schizophrenia trials, a £0.5m contract for at-home testing, £1.4m for digital health and wearables, a £2.2m contract for a large cohort study, a £1m contract for a late phase cancer trial, and £0.5m for a non-CNS electronic Cognitive Outcomes Assessment (“eCOA”) study. Leading brand position in the scientific community. As leaders in cognitive assessment, Cambridge Cognition continued to hold a prominent position in the scientific community over 2021. This included presenting cutting-edge data at more than 20 conferences around the world and writing our own and supporting pharmaceutical companies to author papers using data from our assessments. We collaborated with leading pharmaceutical companies, such as Novartis, to present as well. We also secured more research partnerships with prestigious consortia, such as the BrainHealth Registry. Proprietary speech technology for clinical trials productised and being validated. Verbal neuropsychological tests are highly sensitive to the early signs of neurodegeneration in older adults. However, their dependence on in-person testing and manual scoring means they are costly and can be unsuitable for large- scale screening and home-based monitoring. To address this, Cambridge Cognition developed a fully automated voice platform, NeuroVocalix™. In 2021, we completed its productisation, setting the Company up with the potential to serve more customers with a proprietary platform capable of automating the delivery and scoring of key cognitive assessments for clinical trials within the security requirements of this highly regulated industry. We are working on a battery of tests and validation trials with two leading universities; these are essential to fully commercialise the solution. Completed spin-out of digital phenotyping business. Having won a sizeable grant to investigate digital phenotyping, we incubated a new business, raised seed funding and spun it out. Monument Therapeutics is now operating as a wholly independent business with a license from Cambridge Cognition. The initial shareholding was diluted by additional fundraising by Monument Therapeutics to extend their runway before a Series A investment round. Upon successful commercialisation of Monument Therapeutics’ drug development programmes, Cambridge Cognition will be paid royalties. Strategic Review Cambridge Cognition serves a niche, high value requirement for CNS outcomes assessments with differentiated software and services offerings with intellectual property protection. Our strategy is to focus primarily on the clinical trials market as the assessments can be used to demonstrate the efficacy or safety of a potential new therapeutic agent and therefore provide extremely valuable information for a pharmaceutical or biotech company. We also serve the healthcare and academic markets, direct in some markets and via distributor in others. We have a strong position in our core market for cognitive outcomes assessments and have made good initial progress in the eCOA market. Our recent market analysis, supported by market research and in-depth interviews with our target customers, has demonstrated that there continues to be a considerable potential for growth. We expect the dynamic market for clinical trial outcomes assessments to continue to evolve rapidly. We are seeing several favourable trends that could continue well into the future: 1. Market growth is predicted to be 17%1 and 30%2 for the eCOA market and the cognitive outcomes assessment market for clinical trials respectively. 2. There has been a pre-existing gradual trend away from ‘pen-and-paper’ questionnaires administered by clinicians or raters in clinical trials towards objective digital measures, whether in clinic or at home. More recently, this has been overtaken by the requirement for digital measurements at home. 3. The COVID-19 pandemic reduced access to clinical trial sites and accelerated the adoption of virtual or hybrid 5 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 clinical trials, with a 50% increase compared to 20203. Virtual assessments enable patients to participate in clinical trials from home and can be more cost-effective, inclusive and representative. 4. Industry is increasingly investing in CNS drug development. In 2021, pharmaceutical companies sponsored the delivery of more than 850 CNS trials, up 10% on 20204. This investment is set to continue in 2022 and beyond with more than 1,800 neurological products in preclinical development5. 5. Investment in new digital biomarkers for many conditions and symptoms, sometimes from an existing or new digital assessment or wearable device and sometimes combining data from multimodal sources. During the second half of 2021, having delivered much of the strategy set in 2019, we conducted a major review and have set out plans for the next phase of growth. The areas of focus are: • Increasing market share and sales of cognitive assessments and eCOA solutions with proactive preparation of new assessments, increased sales and marketing capacity, and commercial distribution agreements for new territories and market sectors. • Developing new intellectual property to serve the evolving demands of the industry for digital assessments and biomarkers. The potential for these is considerable with hundreds of clinical trials already using pen- and-paper cognitive assessments that could be automated. Our primary programme is our voice-based cognitive assessment solution, NeuroVocalix™. We are also completing a battery of quick assessments for use on mobile phones. We are developing these in-house and validating them with leading academic institutions and major pharmaceutical companies. Pursuing opportunities for inorganic growth through corporate development activities, such as partnership and licensing-in software and/or services. As is normal after an early stage of widespread investment in a new field, there have been some acquisitions in the sector and further consolidation is likely in the longer- term. Against this backdrop, in 2022 and beyond we will review our inorganic growth options by evaluating complementary products and services that could increase the breadth of our offering and gain scale efficiencies. We have a leading position in our core business area, a strong platform and a robust balance sheet to support corporate business development. • Importantly, to achieve these strategic goals, we are carefully managing our investment and growth. We have several underlying enabling activities: 1. Having an outstanding team. We are supporting our existing team and recruiting people to implement the new contracts we are winning and also to complete the projects outlined above. Recruitment has lagged delivery slightly in this difficult market for hiring though we are making progress. 2. Upgrading our systems and protecting against cyberattacks. We are working on moving – we are live in one country – to Amazon Web Services (AWS) to have more flexible server capacity and access to more microservice usage. We continue to run a full cybersecurity programme. 3. Enabling efficient growth. For example, we set out and have now implemented a plan to open a software development unit in a lower cost overseas country. This will over time reduce our costs while increasing output. We have started implementing this new strategy and the enabling activities in order to make further progress in 2022. COVID-19 Throughout the pandemic, our first priority has been the safety and welfare of our staff, people in our local environment, suppliers and customers. The Group has cloud-based systems and has been fully operational throughout, working virtually at times. We have seen an acceleration of interest in virtual and hybrid clinical trials. Orders for at-home testing with our cognitive assessments have grown rapidly. We have leveraged a publication that showed that our most popular cognitive assessments provide the same results at home as they do in the clinic6. At the start of the pandemic, many clinical trials were delayed. This was less the case in 2021 compared to 2020. We do expect this to reduce over time. Uncertainty persists, however, and so we will continue to carefully monitor the situation and adjust plans as necessary. Russia & Ukraine The war in Ukraine is a concern for all and our thoughts are with those affected. We have no employees or service providers that are based in Ukraine or Russia. However, although based elsewhere, a small number of 6 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 the Company’s pharmaceutical and academic clients run trials at sites in these countries. We continue to communicate with affected customers, monitor the situation, and do all we can to support them. We have a few direct customers in the region, all academic centres that use our academic solution, and have halted any new contracts with Russian centres at this time. This has had no effect on the Company’s current revenues. Board Changes Two appointments have been made to the Company’s senior management team post period end in April 2022. Stephen Symonds has joined as Chief Financial Officer and is expected to be appointed to the board in due course. Nick Walters, previous CFO who has provided transition support since the departure of Michael Holton, is now handing over to Stephen. The Board wish both Nick and Michael well in their future endeavours. Francesca Cormack was appointed to be Chief Scientist to oversee our science leadership and research & development and Jenny Barnet, Chief Science Officer, will step down to concentrate on leading our spin-out, Monument Therapeutics. Outlook We made excellent progress in 2021, delivering strong growth in orders, revenues and cash generation, together with moving into profitability and earnings ahead of market expectations. Furthermore, with a strong contracted order book providing excellent visibility of revenue through 2022 and well-beyond, we expect the Group is well placed for further success. There does remain some uncertainty due to COVID-19 and the wider impact of the war in Eastern Europe, though these are considered limited at this time. We have set out three growth strategies to expand market share in current markets, automate more assessments as demand increases for virtual clinical trials and seeking corporate business development opportunities. Each of these represents exciting growth opportunities for Cambridge Cognition. With this clear growth strategy, together with a substantial pipeline of opportunities in an expanding market, we believe Cambridge Cognition is positioned to deliver substantial, sustainable shareholder value in 2022 and beyond. Matthew Stork Chief Executive Officer 13th May 2022 References. 1. GrandView Research 2018 eCOA Report 2018-20225 2. Astute Analytica. 2021. US Cognitive Assessment Market. 2017-2027. 3. TrialTrove (accessed 15.02.22) 4. Source: TrialTrove (accessed 15.02.2022) 5. Source: PharmaProjects (accessed 15.02.2022) 6. https://www.jmir.org/2020/8/e16792 7 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES The Group is exposed to a number of risks and uncertainties in undertaking its day-to-day operations. The key business risks affecting the Group and how they are managed are set out below: Financial The Group has a history of operating losses, with 2021 being the Group’s first profitable year since 2016. Profitability depends on the success and market acceptance of current and new products and investment in sales infrastructure, without which the Group will make losses and consume cash. Until the profitable commercialisation of new products and markets is proved sustainable the Group will carefully monitor costs and cash flow with reference to ensuring the Group is able to continue as a going concern. In particular, the rate of investment in new technologies will be limited to the extent of any surplus cash reserves of the Group and the positive cash flow derived from the core business and recently launched products. The Directors have prepared a strategic plan, including financial forecasts and cash flows, for the period to December 2023. The monitoring of cash and future projected cash flows, as well as the sales pipeline is included in monthly reporting to the Board. Product and market development Future success of the Group is principally focussed on growth of near-term revenues through existing products as well as the successful commercialisation of innovative new products and services. As well as driving commercial success, the ability to transition current products to new markets and the development of new products and services for both existing and new markets will determine how successful the Group will be in growing. As noted in the Strategic Report, we have seen continued success in this area over the last year and more. However, the rate of future growth will be determined by the take up of these products in the various markets we serve. Covid-19 The Group adapted well to the challenges posed by Covid-19, and the increased interest in remote clinical trials is likely to be a long-term benefit to the Group. Operationally, the Group adapted quickly and well to remote working. The business remains fully operational, and we believe the business can withstand reasonable downside risk. However there remains some uncertainty as to when operations will return to near normal, and as such the situation is under constant review. Brexit and related changes The United Kingdom has left the European Union (‘EU’). The Group kept the situation during 2021 under review and there have not been any immediate, detrimental impacts either in 2021 or 2022 to date. Nonetheless, the Group remains watchful, and in particular to the following factors: Regulations, especially General Data Protection Regulations (‘GDPR’), imports and exports; currency changes; inputs on the broader economy; and employees who are EU nationals. Cybersecurity Cybersecurity has become an increasing risk for all businesses, though particularly those offering cloud-based IT services, and indeed a competitor, ERT, was down for a period in 2020 due to a cyber attack. The business takes the threat seriously using several specialist, expert consultants to assess and put in place measures as best possible to prevent ransomware, social engineering, and insider threats. Vulnerability is assessed by a well known third party specialist company on an ongoing monthly basis with a deep assessment every six months. 8 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 Technology and regulation The success of the Group and its ability to compete effectively with other companies partly depends upon its ability to protect its intellectual property and exploit its technology. During the year significant development work has continued on the product range to ensure that the Group’s products remain competitive and at the forefront of the sector. The Group files patent applications as it strives to protect and enhance its intellectual property. Growth management The Group’s ability to manage its growth effectively requires it to continue to improve its operations, financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures and to train, motivate and manage its employees. The Group’s future success depends on its ability to hire, train and retain key technical, scientific, regulatory, sales and marketing personnel. The Group seeks to recruit and retain high calibre staff through offering share ownership and rewards commensurate with their seniority and maintaining open communication with employees. Reliance on key customers The Group maintains close relationships with a number of customers but aims not to be overly dependent on any one of them. During 2021, two customers accounted for more than 10% of the revenue of the business, amounting to just over 20% in total. Over recent years, the increased diversity of our product offering has led to an increased diversity in both our products and our customer base that has continued to mitigate this risk. Nonetheless, there is a risk that the loss of a major customer would result in a revenue shortfall. KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS The Directors have monitored the performance of the Group with particular reference to the key performance indicators being revenue and sales orders, operating margin and cash flow. An overview of the financial results for the year is provided on page 3. The Group monitors progress on a regular basis and will add to the key performance indicators as circumstances dictate. The directors value greatly the progress and innovation demonstrated by the Group. Unfortunately, this cannot be readily measured in the style of a KPI. The directors are pleased with the successes in developing products during 2021, and the plans for continued innovation. 9 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 SECTION 172(1) STATEMENT The directors consider, both individually and collectively that they have taken decisions in a manner they consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the Group for the benefit of its stakeholders, having regard to the matters set out in s172(1) of the Companies Act 2006: The likely consequences of any decision in the long-term: the long-term success of the Group is always a key factor when making strategic decisions. Strategic Plans are prepared every year focussing on a minimum three- year period. The interests of the Group’s employees: the Group’s employees are our key asset and hence we take their wellbeing and development very seriously. The Group believes it offers competitive remuneration packages and seeks to engage employees regularly. The Group has worked hard to maintain contact with employees even with many employees working from home, principally through fortnightly town hall meetings, but also ensuring that line managers are staying close to their teams. All employee surveys on relevant issues have been undertaken each quarter in 2021 and the Group has implemented appropriate action plans as a consequence. The need to foster the Group’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and other: the Group has a dynamic relationship with our customers with regular contacts across organisations; we also seek to have constructive and mutually beneficial relationships with our suppliers. Customers are regularly asked for specific feedback, a feedback survey is completed at the end of each study we support and the feedback received is used to help shape future engagements. Shareholders are also a key stakeholder and we seek to engage shareholders through both generic and specific outreach, covering both financial results and our innovation and future plans. The impact of the Group’s operations on the community and the environment. The Group’s aims to execute its operations with due regard to the environment. Charities are supported by donations, fundraising, allowing employees two days leave for charitable activities and the donation of equipment. The desirability of the Group maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct: integrity of individuals and corporate integrity are at the heart of all we do and embedded in our culture through formal (e.g. Standard Operating Procedures) and informal means. The need to act fairly as between members of the Group: no single set of stakeholders is prioritised over another – all decisions aim to be equitable across all stakeholders. Approved by the Board of Directors and signed on behalf of the Board. Matthew Stork Chief Executive Officer 13th May 2022 10 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Report of the Directors for the year ended 31 December 2021 The Directors present their report on the affairs of the Group and Company together with the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021. The Group financial statements are prepared under international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc (‘the Company’) and its subsidiaries (together, ‘the Group’) specialises in improving brain health by developing and marketing near-patient cognitive testing techniques. The likely future developments of the business and the nature of research and development activities are discussed in the strategic report. GOING CONCERN AND FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT The Directors have assessed the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, in particular in light of the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic situation. As noted in the Strategic Review, the business has remained fully operational to date and order intake in 2021 was excellent. Whilst having proper regard to the continuing uncertainties brought by the pandemic, the Directors believe that the Group will remain a going concern for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, the accounts have been prepared on the going concern basis. More details are given in note 3.2 to the financial statements. Further information on the Group’s financial risk management strategy can be found in note 26 to the accounts. SHARE ISSUES The issued share capital of the Company is set out at Note 20 to the accounts. DIRECTORS The Directors who held office at 31 December 2021 and their interest in the share capital of the Company were: Ordinary Shares of 1p each Name 13th May 2022 31 December 2021 31 December 2020 Steven Powell (Chairman) Matthew Stork Richard Bungay Debra Leeves 216,375 125,000 216,375 125,000 216,375 125,000 - - - 50,000 50,000 50,000 Other directors who served in the year, details of appointment and resignation dates are given in the Remuneration Report. DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION AND SHARE OPTIONS Details of Directors’ remuneration and share options are provided within the Remuneration Report and are in addition to the interests in shares shown above. DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The Directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Report of the Directors, the Remuneration Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law, the Directors have to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards (“IFRS”) and have elected to prepare the Parent Company financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice and applicable law including FRS 101 ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’. Under company law the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs and of the profit or loss of the Company and Group for that year. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to: - select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; - make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 11 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Report of the Directors for the year ended 31 December 2021 - - state whether the applicable IFRSs, or for the Parent Company, UK Generally Accepted Accounting Practice have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business. The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. The Directors confirm that: • • so far as each Director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditor is unaware and the Directors have taken all steps that they ought to have taken as Directors to make themselves aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the auditor is aware of that information. The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the Company's website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. DIRECTORS’ INDEMNITY ARRANGEMENTS During the year the Company purchased Directors' and Officers' liabilities insurance in respect of itself and its Directors. AUDITOR A resolution to re-appoint Grant Thornton UK LLP as the Company’s auditor will be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. In accordance with normal practice, the Directors will be authorised to determine the Auditor’s remuneration. Approved by the Board of Directors and signed on behalf of the Board Matthew Stork Director 13th May 2022 12 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Corporate Governance Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 Chairman’s Statement As Chairman of the Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc (“the Company”) Board, it is my responsibility to ensure that the Board is performing its role effectively and has the capacity, ability, structure and support to enable it to continue to do so. We believe that a sound and well understood governance structure is essential to maintain the integrity of the Group in all its actions, to enhance performance and to impact positively on our shareholders, staff, customers, suppliers and other stakeholders. In 2018, the Company adopted the QCA Corporate Governance Code (“the QCA Code”) as the benchmark for measuring our adherence to good governance principles. These principles provide us with a clear framework for assessing our performance as a board and as a company, and the report below shows how we apply the Code’s ten guiding principles in practice. The QCA Code requires that some disclosures are available on the Company website, whilst others are required in the Company’s Annual Report and Accounts and the Company has followed this recommendation. The corporate governance disclosure on our website can be found at http://www.cambridgecognition.com/investors/corporate-governance/ All members of the Board of the Company believe in the value and importance of good corporate governance. The Chairman is personally responsible for establishing and monitoring corporate governance. The Company is listed on the AIM Market of the London Stock Exchange (“AIM”). The Board considers that it does not depart from any of the principles of the QCA Code and the Board continues to monitor and develop its governance processes to maintain best practice. The Board recognises the importance of our wider stakeholders in delivering our strategy and business sustainability. Steven Powell Chairman Disclosure of those principles recommended for the Annual Report and Accounts under the QCA Code Principle 1: Establish a strategy and business model which promotes long-term value for shareholders The Company has a rolling three-year detailed strategic plan that is updated and approved by the Board annually. This is supported by an annual operating plan, which is also subject to Board review. The Company’s Strategic Report, including an assessment of principal risks and uncertainties and key performance indicators can be found on pages three to ten of this Annual Report and Accounts. Principle 4: Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation Risks are considered as part of the strategic planning process referred to above. The CEO is also ultimately responsible for the quality management of the Company and reports to the Board on key matters. The Board will periodically receive presentations on specific operational and financial risks. The principal risks and uncertainties of the Group are summarised on pages eight and nine of this Annual Report and Accounts. 13 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Corporate Governance Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 Principle 5: Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair The Board consists of two executive directors, the non-executive Chairman and two further independent directors. The non-executive Chairman holds some shares, especially from his time as the Group’s CEO. One non-executive director holds shares after the March 2020 placing. These holdings are not considered material. All Directors are expected to devote sufficient time to their duties as may be necessary. Typically, this would be around two days per month for the non-executive directors. The Board is provided with monthly business and finance reports from the CEO and CFO respectively. Further information will be given to the Board for discussion at meetings as relevant. The Board is supported by three sub-committees: the Audit Committee, the Remuneration Committee and the Nomination Committee. All non-executive directors sit on all sub-committees. Board and Committee attendance for 2021 is as follows: Board Audit Nomination Remuneration No. of Meetings S. Powell M. Stork R. Bungay D. Leeves M.Holton N. Walters 10 10 10 9 9 4 3 1 1 - 1 1 - - 2 2 - 2 2 - - 3 3 - 3 3 - - Principle 6: Ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities Profiles of each of the Directors are given below. Principle 7: Evaluate board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement Since the Company’s listing in 2013, board evaluation has been an informal process led by the Chairman and principally consisting of one-on-one meetings to gather, compare and consider the views of each of the directors. This approach has, to date, been deemed appropriate given the small size of the Company. On adoption of the QCA code, the Board intended to conduct formal internal performance reviews every year supplemented by an external evaluation review as required. The Covid-19 pandemic and remote working meant this was not undertaken in 2021. Principle 8: Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours The Board ensures that the Company culture is based on ethical values through the following means: The employee handbook clearly setting out values and employment codes All new employees benefit from an induction programme which emphasises our ethical values and behaviours These behaviours are re-iterated through the various employee communication and reward channels Particular training on topics relating to ethical behaviour, ranging from compliance in clinical trials to share dealing rules are given at regular intervals and attendance monitored Standard Operating Procedures (“SOPs”) that outline the Company’s processes and the values that underpin them are required to be read by employees and documentation of compliance maintained Receiving monthly reports from human resources and other departments to ensure that any instances of behaviours not being recognised or respected are considered and resolved appropriately 14 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Corporate Governance Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 Principle 10: Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with shareholders and other relevant stakeholders Descriptions of the work of the Board and its Committees is provided below. The Remuneration Report is on pages 17 and 18. Further information on the Company’s corporate governance framework, including on those principle of the QCA code not listed here can be found at http://www.cambridgecognition.com/investors/corporate- governance/ Director profiles Dr Steven Powell Chairman Dr Powell graduated in microbiology from the University of Wales and was awarded a PhD from the University of Aberdeen. He has over thirty years operational and investment experience in pharmaceutical and healthcare companies in the UK, USA and Scandinavia. Including his current role at Cambridge Cognition he has held five CEO roles, three in public companies. In 2003, he joined Gilde Healthcare, a pan-European life sciences investment fund as a partner and remained an adviser to the fund until 2016. Dr Matthew Stork Chief Executive Officer Dr Stork has over twenty-five years’ experience of managing companies in the med tech sector and expertise in AI, IT, diagnostics, medical equipment, and pharmaceuticals. Before becoming CEO of Cambridge Cognition in 2019, he held managing director and divisional leadership roles within GE Healthcare Digital, InHealth Group, ArjoHuntleigh, Canon Medical Systems (formerly Toshiba) and Smith & Nephew. He has a degree in pharmacy from the University of Bath, a PhD in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine from King’s College London, and an MBA from London Business School. Richard Bungay Non-Executive Director Mr. Bungay has over 25 years' experience in corporate roles with R&D-based companies within the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sector, including as Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of both public and private companies, with a particular focus on financing, investor relations and business development. A chartered accountant, Mr Bungay is currently CEO/CFO of Diurnal Group plc, the AIM quoted specialty pharmaceutical company targeting patient needs in chronic endocrine diseases. Prior to that, Mr Bungay held CFO and Chief Operating Officer roles at Mereo BioPharma Group plc as well as being CFO of Glide Technologies and Verona Pharma plc. Debra Leeves Non-Executive Director Ms Leeves is currently CEO of Vertual, the leading provider of virtual and augmented reality training simulation systems in radiotherapy. She has over 25 years of experience in the medical technology and biotechnology industries, and has previously been COO of Beckley Canopy Therapeutics, CEO of Physeon and also held senior roles with companies such as Rex Bionics, Avita Medical, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, GE Healthcare and Pfizer. Board sub-committees The Board is supported by three sub-committees, the Audit Committee, Nomination Committee and Remuneration Committee. The Audit Committee’s responsibilities include making recommendations to the Board on the appointment of the Company’s auditors, approving the auditor’s fees, safeguarding the objectivity and independence of the auditors, reviewing the findings of the audit and monitoring and reviewing effectiveness of the Company’s systems of risk management and internal control. The Audit Committee is also responsible for monitoring the integrity of the financial statements of the Company, including its annual and half yearly reports and interim management statements. The main issues considered by the Committee during the year in relation to the financial statements included the appropriateness of revenue recognition policies, recognition and fair value of investments, adequacy of 15 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Corporate Governance Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 systems of internal control and going concern. The Committee notes the auditors’ inclusion of revenue recognition and going concern as key audit matters. No significant fees were paid in the year to the auditors for services other than audit and tax compliance and related work. The independence and objectivity of the auditors is important to the Company and the Committee keeps track of fees paid to the auditors for any change in this position. Periodically the Audit Committee chairman speaks directly with the audit partner to set out the needs of the committee and to receive any feedback without the presence of any executive directors. The Committee also reviews the Group’s risk management and continues to believe that the Group’s risk management strategy properly addresses the main risk areas. The Nomination Committee’s responsibilities include reviewing the structure, size and composition of the Board, making recommendations to the Board concerning membership of Board committees and identifying and nominating candidates for the Board for Board approval. Every director appointed by the Board is subject to re- election by the shareholders at the AGM following their appointment and every third AGM thereafter. The Remuneration Committee’s responsibilities include determining the remuneration of the executive directors, reviewing the design of all share incentive plans and determining each year whether awards will be made, and if so, the overall amount of such awards, the individual awards to executive directors and the performance targets to be used. Annual performance evaluation is based on targets set at the outset of each year and bonuses paid, as appropriate, in line with the agreed incentive plan. 16 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Remuneration Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 Remuneration Committee The Company has established a Remuneration Committee. The members of the Remuneration Committee are: Steven Powell (Chair) Richard Bungay Debra Leeves The Committee makes recommendations to the Board. No director plays a part in any discussion about his own remuneration. The Company is not required to publish a Directors’ Remuneration Report, but the below information is given in the interests of transparency and good governance. Components of Executive Directors’ remuneration Executive remuneration packages are prudently designed to attract, motivate and retain directors of the high calibre needed to enhance the Group’s market position and to reward them for increasing value to shareholders. The performance measurement of the executive directors and key members of senior management and the determination of their annual remuneration package are undertaken by the Committee. There are five main elements of the remuneration package for the executive directors and senior management: • Basic annual salary; • Benefits-in-kind; • Annual bonus payments; • Share option incentives; and • Pension arrangements. Non-Executive Directors’ remuneration The remuneration of Non-Executive Directors is determined by the Board and reflects their anticipated time commitment to fulfill their duties. The Non-Executive Directors’ remuneration is subject to the same principles of the Group Remuneration policy. The letters of appointment of Non-Executive Directors can be terminated with one month’s notice given by either party. Directors’ remuneration (audited) The remuneration of the Directors was as follows: Current Directors: Executive Directors: Matthew Stork (1) Nicholas Walters (6) Michael Holton (7) Non-Executive Directors: Steven Powell (2) Richard Bungay (3) Eric Dodd (4) Debra Leeves (5) Total Salary /Fee £’000 Benefits Bonus Pension £’000 £’000 £’000 2021 Total £’000 2020 Total £’000 248 12 205 45 30 - 30 570 - - - - - - - - 204 - - - - - - 204 15 - 11 - - - - 26 467 12 216 45 30 - 30 800 388 70 - 45 9 18 30 560 1. Appointed to the Board 23 May 2019 2. Executive Director until 23 May 2019, Non-Executive Director thereafter 3. Appointed to the Board on 14 September 2020 4. Resigned from the Board on 28 July 2020 5. Appointed to the Board on 1 July 2019 6. Resigned from the Board on 27 May 2021 7. Appointed to the Board on 27 May 2021 and Resigned from the Board on 1 November 2021 Payments were also made to third parties for the services of Steven Powell and Nicholas Walters, not included in the table above. See note 27 to the consolidated financial statements. 17 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Remuneration Report for the year ended 31 December 2021 Share Options: Granted Steven Powell July 2015 Matthew Stork Matthew Stork Matthew Stork Matthew Stork Matthew Stork Nicholas Walters October 2019 June 2020 November 2020 April 2021 November 2021 June 2020 Performance Criteria Number of Options 62,500 Performance criteria Vested (1) Exercise price in pence 82.5 pence Exercise period To July 2025 392,858 196,429 103,774 90,000 40,000 60,000 (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (3) 28 pence 28 pence 53 pence 125 pence 140 pence 28 pence October 2022 to September 2023 June 2023 to May 2024 November 2023 to October 2024 April 2024 to March 2031 November 2024 to October 2031 June 2023 to May 2024 1. Options vest once the average of the closing price of shares in the Company over two consecutive dealing days, as derived from the London Stock Exchange Daily Official List, has equalled or exceeded 120 pence. This condition was fulfilled on 4 May 2017. 2. 50% of these options will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period before 30 September 2022 exceeds 100 pence and on the last day of that period exceeds 90 pence. 50% of these options will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period before 30 September 2022 exceeds 150 pence and on the last day of that period exceeds 135 pence. 3. 50% of these options will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period before 31 May 2023 exceeds 77.5 pence and on the last day of that period exceeds 70 pence. 50% of these options will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period before 30 September 2022 exceeds 115 pence and on the last day of that period exceeds 105 pence. 4. 50% of these options will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period before 31 May 2023 exceeds 90 pence and on the last day of that period exceeds 80 pence. 50% of these options will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period before 30 September 2022 exceeds 130 pence and on the last day of that period exceeds 115 pence. 5. 50% of the Options granted will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period exceeds 142 pence, with the price on the last day of that period being at least 120 pence, and the last day of this period being no later than 30 April 2024. 50% of the Options granted will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period exceeds 170 pence, with the price on the last day of that period being at least 145 pence, and the last day of this period being no later than 30 April 2024. 6. 50% of the Options granted will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period exceeds 170 pence, with the price on the last day of that period being at least 145 pence, and the last day of this period being no later than 30 April 2024. 50% of the Options granted will vest if the average closing mid-market price of an Ordinary Share for any three month period exceeds 170 pence, with the price on the last day of that period being at least 145 pence, and the last day of this period being no later than 30 April 2024. 18 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings Plc Opinion Our opinion on the financial statements is unmodified We have audited the financial statements of Cambridge Cognition Holdings Plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 31 December 2021, which comprise the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of financial position, the consolidated statement of changes in equity, the consolidated statement of cash flows, the parent company statement of financial position, the parent company statement of changes in equity and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the group financial statements is applicable law and UK-adopted international accounting standards. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the parent company financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 101 ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). In our opinion: • • • • the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 2021 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended; the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards; the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. Basis for opinion We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the ‘Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements’ section of our report. We are independent of the group and the parent company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. Conclusions relating to going concern We are responsible for concluding on the appropriateness of the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify the auditor’s opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our report. However, future events or conditions may cause the group or the parent company to cease to continue as a going concern. A description of our evaluation of management’s assessment of the ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting, and the key observations arising with respect to that evaluation is included in the Key Audit Matters section of our report. 19 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue. In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. The responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the ‘Responsibilities of directors for the financial statements’ section of this report. Our approach to the audit Overview of our audit approach Overall materiality: Group: £278,000, which represents 2.75% of the group’s Revenue. Parent company: £195,000, which represents 2% of the parent company’s total assets. Key audit matters were identified as: Materiality Key audit matters • • going concern (same as last year) revenue recognition (same as last year) We performed an audit of the financial information of the component using component materiality (full-scope audit Scoping procedures) on the financial information of Cambridge Cognition Holdings Plc and of Cambridge Cognition Limited. We performed an audit of one or more classes of transactions, account balances or disclosures relating to significant risks of material misstatement of the Group financial statements (specific-scope audit procedures) on Cambridge Cognition LLC. Analytical procedures at Group level (analytical procedures) were performed on CANTAB Corporate Health Limited, Cambridge Cognition Trustees Limited and Cognition Kit Limited. There were no changes in scope from prior year. In total, our audit procedures covered 100% of the Group’s net assets, 100% of the Group’s revenue and 100% of the Group’s profit before tax. 20 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Key audit matters Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to Description Audit reponse fraud) that we identified. These matters included those that had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. KAM Disclosures Our results In the graph below, we have presented the key audit matters, significant risks and other risks relevant to the audit. High Potential financial statement impact Revenue recognition Accounting for investment in Monument Therapeutics Ltd Deferred Revenue Management override of controls Going concern Trade receivables Share based payments Carrying amount of intercompany loans Carrying value of goodwill Low Low Extent of management judgement High Key audit matter Significant risk Other risk Key Audit Matter – Group How our scope addressed the matter – Group Going Concern assessed We identified going concern as one of the most significant of material misstatement due to fraud and error as a result of the judgement required to conclude whether there is a material uncertainty related to going concern. risks In our evaluation of the directors’ conclusions, we considered the inherent risks associated with the 21 In responding to the key audit matter, we performed the following audit procedures: • Obtained management’s assessment of going concern and supporting information, including future budgets and cashflow forecasts. We assessed how the budgets and forecasts were compiled, including assessing their Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Key Audit Matter – Group How our scope addressed the matter – Group group’s and the parent company’s business model accuracy by validating the including effects arising from macro-economic reasonableness of underlying uncertainties such as Brexit and Covid-19, we assumptions; assessed and challenged the reasonableness of • Critically evaluated the revenue and cost estimates made by the directors and the related projections underlying the model with disclosures and analysed how those risks might reference to market information, past affect the group’s and the parent company’s performance of the Group as well as any financial resources or ability to continue known post balance sheet events; operations over the going concern period. • Obtained management’s sensitivity The directors have considered the impacts of macro-economic events such as Brexit and Covid- 19 and have sensitised their forecast accordingly. The global economic uncertainty increases the extent of judgement and estimation uncertainty associated with management’s assessment and the determination of the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. analysis and reverse stress test forecasts and obtained an understanding of management’s plans and options for mitigating actions; and • Assessed the adequacy of the going concern disclosures included within the financial statements. Relevant disclosures in the Annual Report and Accounts 2021 Our results • Financial statements: Note 3.2, Going Concern The financial statements explain in note 3.2 that the Directors have formed a judgement that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of preparation for the Group and parent company financial statements. The Strategic Report sets out the future outlook and provides an analysis of the performance of the Group in the financial year and of its position at the end of the year. The Report of the directors also explains the directors assessment of going concern. Revenue Recognition We identified revenue recognition as one of the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement due to fraud and error as a result judgements made by of the the management separate in performance obligations and selecting an appropriate method for measuring progress. identifying significant Under International Standard on Auditing (UK) 240 ‘The Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Fraud in an Audit of Financial Statements’, there is a rebuttable presumed risk that there are risks of fraud in revenue recognition. The nature of the Group’s revenue includes providing multiple products or services as part of a single arrangement. These products and services may include, but are not limited to, licences of IP, sale of hardware, study set up, data Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months financial statements are authorised for issue. from when the In responding to the key audit matter, we performed the following audit procedures: • Obtained management’s assessment of income recognition in accordance with IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’ and evaluated the revenue recognition policies for consistency and compliance with IFRS15. • For a sample of contracts, we: - ensured that the performance obligations have been appropriately identified in accordance with the Group’s accounting policy; - verified that revenue recognised in the year relates to amounts allocated 22 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Key Audit Matter – Group How our scope addressed the matter – Group management study management services, support services, training, and other maintenance services. services, A number of the products or services may be sold together as a bundled contract. Determining whether the products or services are distinct from the other goods and services in an arrangement is key to the appropriate recognition of revenue. Management apply significant judgement to: - identify the separate performance obligations in an arrangement based on the terms of the contract and the Group’s customary business practices; - determine whether the performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time; and - select an appropriate method for measuring progress of that performance obligation if it is satisfied over time. to performance obligations that were satisfied in the year; - inspected evidence of delivery of products or rendering of services, such as delivery of licence keys, number of assessments completed in the period, and notifications that the assessments have been completed; - evaluated the significant judgements made by management in identifying the separate performance obligations and selecting an appropriate method for measuring progress; - inspected evidence that invoices raised relate to milestones met in the period in accordance with the payment schedule agreed with the customer; and - recalculated the revenue recognised for performance obligations delivered over time and checked the accuracy of deferred revenue and accrued income; • Obtained an understanding of the performance and progress of material contracts through discussions with the internal study managers to corroborate that revenue has been recognised as performance obligations have been satisfied; and • Recalculated the deferred income element of a sample of revenue contracts to test the completeness of the deferred income creditor at year end. Relevant disclosures in the Annual Report and Accounts 2021 Our results • Financial statements: Note 3.3, Revenue Recognition The Group’s accounting policy on revenue recognition is set out in note 3.3 to the financial statements and related disclosures are included in note 5. Based on our audit work, we did not identify any material misstatement in the revenue recognised in the year to 31 December 2021. We consider the Group’s disclosures to be in accordance with IFRS15. Our application of materiality We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing the audit, and in evaluating the effect of identified misstatements on the audit and of uncorrected misstatements, if any, on the financial statements and in forming the opinion in the auditor’s report. Materiality was determined as follows: 23 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Materiality measure Group Parent company Materiality for financial statements as a whole We define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement in the financial statements that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of the users of these financial statements. We use materiality in determining the nature, timing and extent of our audit work. Materiality threshold £278,000, which is approximately 2.75% of the Group’s revenue. £195,000, which is approximately 2% of the parent company’s total assets Significant judgements made by auditor in determining the materiality Significant revision of materiality threshold that was made as the audit progressed In determining materiality, we made the following significant judgements: In determining materiality, we made the following significant judgements: - We selected revenue as the - We selected total assets as benchmark as it is less benchmark as the parent volatile and reflective of the company is not a trading activity levels and scale of entity, therefore total the Group’s business. Revenue is also a key assets are of most relevance to users of the performance measure for financial statements. the Group and is therefore of most interest to stakeholders. - We determined 2% as an appropriate benchmark percentage due to the size - We determined 2.75% as of the parent company’s an appropriate benchmark total assets. percentage as the Group has no debt and the business is relatively stable and not complex. Materiality for the current year is higher than the level that we determined for the year ended 31 December 2020 to reflect the increase in the Group’s revenue for the year. Our preliminary assessment of materiality at the planning stage of our work was based on the Period 9 (30 September 2021) management information. We re-assessed materiality during our advanced audit procedures based on Period 11 (30 November 2021) management information. We then finally re-assessed materiality based on the Group’s revenue for the year ended 31 December 2021 once these figures were provided for audit and adjusted our audit procedures accordingly. Materiality for the current year is higher than the level that we determined for the year ended 31 December 2020 to reflect the change in the measurement percentage from 1% of total assets last year to 2% this year. Our preliminary assessment of materiality at the planning stage of our work was based on the Period 9 (30 September 2021) management information. We re-assessed materiality during our advanced audit procedures based on Period 11 (30 November 2021) management information. We then finally re-assessed materiality based on the parent company’s total assets as at 31 December 2021 once these figures were provided for audit and adjusted our audit procedures accordingly Performance materiality used to We set performance materiality at an amount less than materiality for the financial statements as a whole to reduce to an appropriately low level the 24 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Materiality measure Group Parent company drive the extent of our testing probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and undetected misstatements exceeds materiality for the financial statements as a whole. Performance materiality threshold £180,000, which is 65% of financial statement materiality. £127,000, which is 65% of financial statement materiality. Significant judgements made by auditor in determining the performance materiality Significant revision of performance materiality threshold that was made as the audit progressed In determining performance materiality, we made the following significant judgements: In determining performance materiality, we made the following significant judgements: - the strength of the control - the strength of the control environment and our environment and our experience experience auditing the auditing the financial financial statements of the statements of the Group, Group, including the effect including the effect of of misstatements identified misstatements identified in in previous audits. previous audits. - our risk assessment – there - our risk assessment – there have been significant changes have been significant changes to the finance team during the to the finance team during the year, which could increase the year, which could increase the risk of material fraud or error risk of material fraud or error During the performance of our work significant changes to the finance team personnel occurred, including a change to the CFO. We re-assessed the performance materiality threshold percentage in light of the potential audit risks assessed at this time and adjusted our audit procedures accordingly. During the performance of our work significant changes to the finance team personnel occurred, including a change to the CFO. We re-assessed the performance materiality threshold percentage in light of the potential audit risks assessed at this time and adjusted our audit procedures accordingly. Specific materiality We determine specific materiality for one or more particular classes of transactions, account balances or disclosures for which misstatements of lesser amounts than materiality for the financial statements as a whole could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of the financial statements. Specific materiality We determined a lower level of specific materiality for the following areas: We determined a lower level of specific materiality for the following areas: - - - Directors’ remuneration Related party transactions Audit fees - - - Directors’ remuneration Related party transactions Audit fees Communication of misstatements to the audit committee We determine a threshold for reporting unadjusted differences to the audit committee. 25 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Materiality measure Group Parent company Threshold for communication £13,900 and misstatements below that threshold that, in our view, warrant reporting on qualitative grounds. £9,800 and misstatements below that threshold that, in our view, warrant reporting on qualitative grounds. The graph below illustrates how performance materiality interacts with our overall materiality and the tolerance for potential uncorrected misstatements. Overall materiality – Group Overall materiality – Parent company Group revenue £10,094,000 PM £180,000 65% FSM £278,000 2.75 % Total assets £9,776,000 PM £127,000, 65% FSM £195,000 2% TFPUM £98,000 35% TFPUM £68,000 35% FSM: Financial statements materiality, PM: Performance materiality, TFPUM: Tolerance for potential uncorrected misstatements An overview of the scope of our audit We performed a risk-based audit that requires an understanding of the Group’s and the parent company’s business and in particular matters related to: Understanding the group, its components, and their environments, including Group-wide controls We obtained an understanding of the Group and its environment, including Group-wide controls as follows: • The Group’s accounting process is structured around the centralised Group finance function based at the Group’s head office in Cambridge, UK, which provides accounting and administrative support for the Group’s operations; and • The Group has two trading subsidiaries, Cambridge Cognition Limited (registered in UK) and Cambridge Cognition LLC (registered in USA), and a non-trading parent company based in UK. Other entities within the Group are not involved in the core operations of the Group. Identifying significant components • We identified and evaluated the components to assess their significance and to determine the planned audit response based on a measure of materiality. We determined significance as a percentage of the total assets and revenue. 26 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Type of work to be performed on financial information of parent and other components (including how it addressed the key audit matters) Based on our assessment of the Group as above, we focused our Group audit scope primarily on the two trading subsidiaries, which were the significant components, and the parent company. • • Audit of the financial information of the component using component materiality (full-scope audit) was performed on the financial information of the parent company and Cambridge Cognition Limited; and Audit of one or more account balances, classes of transactions or disclosures of the component (specific- scope audit) was performed on the financial information of Cambridge Cognition LLC, where the extent of our testing was based on our assessment of the risks of material misstatement and of the size of the Group’s operations at that location. • At the Group level we also tested the consolidation process and carried out analytical procedures for the remaining three components (CANTAB Corporate Health Limited, Cambridge Cognition Trustees Limited and Cognition Kit Limited) to confirm our conclusion that there were no significant risks of material misstatement of the aggregated financial information of those remaining components. • We identified the going concern assumption and revenue recognition as key audit matters and the procedures performed in respect of these have been included in the key audit matters section of our report. Performance of our audit • As documented above, the Group has a centralised function based at the Group’s head office in Cambridge, UK. All procedures were performed by the Group audit engagement team, there are no component auditors; and • The audit was performed wholly remotely given the Covid-19 restrictions and the Group’s preference. Changes in approach from previous period • There has been no change in our assessment of scoping the Group audit from prior year. Other information The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the annual report and accounts, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements, or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. Our opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 is unmodified In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: • • the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 27 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Matter on which we are required to report under the Companies Act 2006 In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report. Matters on which we are required to report by exception We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: • • • adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or • we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. Responsibilities of directors for the financial statements As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report. Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that material misstatements in the financial statements may not be detected, even though the audit is properly planned and performed in accordance with ISAs (UK). The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below: • We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks applicable to the parent company and the Group and the industry in which they operate. We determined that the following laws and regulations were most significant: UK-adopted international accounting standards, Companies Act 2006, AIM Rules for Companies, QCA Corporate Governance Code and the relevant tax compliance regulations in the jurisdictions in which the Group operates. In addition, we concluded that there are certain significant laws and regulations that may have an effect on the determination of the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, 28 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc including laws and regulations relating to employment matters, data security and protection, and clinical trials regulations. • We obtained an understanding of how the parent company and the Group is complying with those legal and regulatory frameworks by making inquiries of management, those responsible for legal and compliance procedures and the company secretary. We corroborated our inquiries through our review of board minutes and minutes of Audit Committee meetings; • We enquired of management and the Audit Committee, whether they were aware of any instances of non- compliance with laws and regulations or whether they had any knowledge of actual, suspected or alleged fraud. We corroborated this through our review of professional fees incurred during the year; • These audit procedures were designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements were free from fraud or error. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error and detecting irregularities that result from fraud is inherently more difficult than detecting those that result from error, as fraud may involve collusion, deliberate concealment, forgery or intentional misrepresentations. Also, the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we would become aware of it; • We assessed the susceptibility of the parent company’s and the Group’s financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur. Audit procedures performed by the Group engagement team included: § identifying and assessing the design effectiveness of controls management has in place to prevent and detect fraud; § challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in making its significant accounting estimates; § obtaining management’s calculation for the share based payment, including the underlying fair value of the options granted and challenging assumptions made. The fair values were agreed to Valuations Reports provided by Throgmorton and assumptions used verified for reasonableness; § obtaining managements calculation and understanding of the basis of the fair value of investment in Monument Therapeutics Ltd. and how management have formed their judgement regarding the discounts applied; § § utilising valuations specialists to evaluate management’s fair value model and discounts applied; utilising a valuation specialist to test the discounted cashflow model used in management’s impairment calculation; § identifying and testing journal entries, in particular any large or unusual journal entries recorded in the general ledger and other adjustments made in the preparation of the financial statements; and § assessing the extent of compliance with direct laws and regulations that may have an effect on the determination of the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. • We completed audit procedures to conclude on the compliance of disclosures in the annual report and financial statements with applicable financial reporting requirements. • We communicated relevant laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all Group engagement team members and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit. • The Group’s management and Audit Committee have not noted any matters of non-compliance with laws and regulations or fraud that were communicated with the Group engagement team. - - - - Assessment of the appropriateness of the collective competence and capabilities of the engagement team included consideration of the engagement team’s understanding of, and practical experience with audit engagements of a similar nature and complexity through appropriate training and participation; knowledge of the industry in which the client operates; and understanding the legal and regulatory requirements specific to the entity. 29 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Independent auditor’s report to the members of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc • It is the Group audit engagement partner’s assessment that the Group audit engagement team collectively had the appropriate competence and capabilities to identify or recognise non-compliance with laws and regulations. • We completed audit procedures to conclude on the compliance of disclosures in the annual report and financial statements with applicable financial reporting requirements. Use of our report This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. Paul Brown Senior Statutory Auditor for and on behalf of Grant Thornton UK LLP Statutory Auditor, Chartered Accountants Cambridge 13 May 2022 30 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Consolidated statement of comprehensive income Revenue Cost of sales Gross profit Administrative expenses Other operating income Operating loss Interest received Finance costs Profit/(loss) before tax Tax received 5 6 7 10 10 11 10,094 (2,015) 8,079 (7,829) 14 264 - (11) 253 197 6,741 (1,324) 5,417 (6,093) 32 (644) 4 (9) (649) 211 Profit/(loss) for the year 450 (438) Other comprehensive income Items that may subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 21 Total comprehensive income for the year Earnings per share (pence) Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share 12 14 464 1.4 1.4 93 (345) (1.5) (1.5) All items of income are attributable to the equity holders in the Parent. The above results relate to continuing operations. 31 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Consolidated statement of financial position Assets Non-current assets Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Investments Total non-current assets Current assets Inventories Trade and other receivables Cash and cash equivalents Notes At 31 December 2021 At 31 December 2020 £'000 £’000 13 14 15 16 17 22 373 52 49 474 126 5,130 6,810 379 138 - 517 51 2,648 3,047 Total current assets 12,066 5,746 Total assets Liabilities Current liabilities Trade and other payables Total liabilities Equity Share capital Share premium Other reserves Own shares Retained earnings Total equity Total liabilities and equity 12,540 6,263 19 11,908 6,206 11,908 6,206 20 20 21 21 312 11,151 6,125 (78) (16,878) 632 - 12,540 312 11,151 6,111 (78) (17,439) 57 6,263 The financial statements on pages 31 to 54 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 13th May 2022 and were signed on its behalf by: Matthew Stork Chief Executive Officer 32 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Consolidated statement of changes in equity Balance at 1 January 2020 Loss for the year Other comprehensive income Total comprehensive income for the year Issue of new share capital Share issue costs Transfer on allocation of shares in trust Credit to equity for equity- settled share-based payments Share capital £'000 Share premium Other reserves Own shares Retained earnings Total £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 242 9,943 6,018 (81) (17,066) (944) - - - 70 - - - - - - 1,330 (122) - - - 93 93 - - - - - - - - - - 3 - 3 (438) (438) - 93 (438) (345) - - (3) 68 65 Transactions with owners 70 1,208 Balance at 1 January 2021 Profit for year Other comprehensive income Total comprehensive income for the year Credit to equity for equity- settled share-based payments Transactions with owners 312 11,151 6,111 (78) (17,439) - - - - - - - - - - - 14 14 - - - - - - - 450 - 450 111 111 1,400 (122) - 68 1,346 57 450 14 464 111 - Balance at 31 December 2021 312 11,151 6,125 (78) (16,878) 632 33 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Consolidated statement of cash flows Notes Year to 31 December 2021 Year to 31 December 2020 £'000 £’000 Net cash flows from operating activities 22 3,945 1,010 Investing activities Interest received Purchase of property, plant and equipment Purchase of investment Net cash flow used in investing activities Financing activities Proceeds from the issue of share capital Share issue costs Interest payments Lease payments - (56) (49) (105) - - (11) (86) 4 (42) - (38) 1,400 (122) (9) (113) Net cash flows from financing activities (97) 1,156 Net increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at start of year Exchange differences on cash and cash equivalents 3,743 3,047 20 2,128 901 18 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 22 6,810 3,047 34 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 1. General information Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc (‘the Company’) and its subsidiaries (together, ‘the Group’) develops and markets digital solutions to assess brain health. The Company is a public limited company which is listed on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange (symbol: COG) and is incorporated and domiciled in the UK. The address of its registered office is Tunbridge Court, Tunbridge Lane, Bottisham, Cambridge, CB25 9TU. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards. The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those followed in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The accounts are presented in Pounds Sterling (“£”), and to the nearest £1,000. The subsidiary undertakings included within the Consolidated Financial Statements as at 31 December 2021 are given in note 15. 2. Outlook for adoption of future Standards (new and amended) At the date of authorisation of the Consolidated Financial Statements, the standards and amendments that are in issue but not yet effective are considered to have no impact on the Group as they do not apply to the Group at present. 3. Significant accounting policies 3.1 Basis of consolidation The consolidated financial statements incorporate the results of the Company and of its subsidiaries. All intra- group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation. All of the Group’s subsidiaries are wholly owned. 3.2 Going concern The Directors have assessed the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. As noted in the Strategic Review, the business has remained fully operational to date and order intake in 2021 was excellent. The Group has a base case forecast for the period to 30th June 2023 with a growth case and downside case also being forecast. The base case is built on the current view of orders to be taken and the recognition of revenue and billing milestones associated with orders already taken. The base case shows strong performance, driven by existing orders and supports a positive cash balance right through the going concern review period, with a positive outlook thereafter. The downside case also shows positive cash through the going concern review period and would allow for further expenditure modifications not yet budgeted. Whilst having proper regard to the continuing uncertainties brought by the pandemic, the Directors believe that the Group will remain a going concern for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, the accounts have been prepared on the going concern basis. 3.3 Revenue recognition Revenue is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers. To determine whether to recognise revenue, the Group follows a five-step process: Identifying a contract with a customer Identifying the performance obligations Determining the transaction price Allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations Recognising revenue when or as performance obligations are satisfied The Group often enters into contracts where a bundle of products or services are provided. Contracts are assessed and obligation(s) are separated by applying the five steps to each element of the contract to decide how revenue should be recognised. The Group’s portfolio of products and services each have defined characteristics and performance obligations that inform revenue recognition decisions and the policy applied. Management assesses the value of the standalone transaction prices of each unbundled element and believe them to be appropriately reflected in the contract prices for the respective element, which are the result of arm’s length market price negotiations with customers. Each are capable of being sold and used by customers 35 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 3. Significant accounting policies (continued) 3.3 Revenue recognition (continued) individually, and each are clearly identified within the contract. These values are then used for revenue recognition judgements related to the performance of obligations which fall within one of the accounting policies stated below depending upon the specific characteristic of that contract. Each of these are described below. The timing of payments received from customers is based on contractual terms, is typically received at multiple points throughout a contract and does not necessarily match the timing of revenue recognition. To the extent that payments are received ahead of income recognition, these amounts are carried within the statement of financial position within trade and other payables as deferred income on contracts with customers. Where payments are received after revenue recognition these are carried in the statement of financial position within trade and other receivables as accrued income from contracts with customers. Software: The Group sells licences to use its software and/or its software hosting platform. These licences can take different forms, which are described in turn below: Software licences hosted on our servers: Where software is hosted on our servers the revenue is recognised over a period of time, as we have a continuing performance obligation to provide services (e.g. to ensure our servers are available). Customers will also benefit from software and service enhancements which improve the functionality of the software during the licence period. These improvements are not standalone products and are included in the originally contracted price and so are not accounted for separately. • • • For contracts where the software value is greater than or equal to £20,000, and software is sold on a cost per assessment basis, the Group uses the assessment price to recognise revenue as the assessments are used, as this represents the customers’ consumption of their benefits of the contract, and the Group’s simultaneous performance of its obligations. For contracts where the software value is less than £20,000, and software is sold on a cost per assessment basis, the Group uses a portfolio estimate of the revenue being recognised over 12 months. This period has been chosen as it best represents the average life of this portfolio of contracts. For contracts where the licence is sold for unlimited uses over a limited period of time, the revenue is taken equally over the course of the licence period. Software breakage: Software is generally sold as non-refundable and so at the end of a contract any remaining deferred software revenue is taken to the income statement. In addition, breakage will also be taken where software assessments on a project have not been used for 12 months, and management is not able to establish that the related project is ongoing. Software licences not hosted on our servers: Where software is not hosted on our servers, it is used as it exists at the point in time the licence is granted and as such revenue is recognised at that point in time. The time of recognition is once the licence has been delivered to the customer, either through delivery of a physical software key or installation on the client systems, as this is when the customer takes control of the asset and can direct its use. It is also when the Group’s performance obligations are satisfied as the Group is not responsible for hosting the software and is unable to make further software enhancements. Services: The Group provides a range of services that include supporting clinical studies, bespoke software development and scientific consultancy. Some services will be ongoing services provided over a period of time, whilst some will be clearly tied to a deliverable or other project milestone. Services delivered at a point in time: Some services, such as training and delivery of scientific reports will be delivered at a point in time and as such will be recognised at a point in time, as the performance obligation is discharged on delivery, as this is when the customer obtains control of the related asset or consumes the benefit. Services delivered over a period of time: When services are delivered over a period of time (e.g. study support services) the revenue is recognised equally over the relevant period, using the output method. In some instances, the period in question may be for the life of the contract, and in these instances management will estimate the length of the contract for this purpose, and hence can measure the proportion of time passed to measure the value of revenue that can be recognised. When that estimate changes, revenue that has not yet been recognised will be adjusted prospectively to match the 36 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 3. Significant accounting policies (continued) 3.3 Revenue recognition (continued) revised estimate. Study support services can be separated into set-up, ongoing management and close out phases with separate performance obligations. Where material and clearly identifiable, these phases will be recognised separately. Where immaterial or not clearly identifiable, these revenues will be recognised evenly over the course of the total relevant period. In some cases, whilst the end product is a specific deliverable, it may be that the work required is executed over an extended period of time. In these cases, management may make an estimate of revenue earned to date considering the progress towards satisfying the performance obligation. This will normally be measured by the output method – i.e. what proportion of the deliverable has been completed. This is measured by observable milestones, for example story-points completed in a software build or over time where such observable milestones do not exist. Customer support services: Aside from any specific services contracted, our customers have access to our customer support team should they have problems with their software. The life of this support matches the life of the software licence (as support can only be required whilst a licence is held), and as such this support is not separated from the software licence revenue recognition as described above. Hardware: The Group does not manufacture hardware, but will acquire, configure and sell hardware to customers as part of the Group’s offering. Hardware revenue is recognised when hardware is despatched to the customer, as the performance obligation is discharged at this point. Bill and hold arrangements: On some occasions, a customer may ask that we purchase and configure hardware on their behalf and then store the hardware awaiting specific despatch instructions. In these cases, the customer assumes ownership of the assets even though they may still be in our physical possession. Once all of the specific criteria under IFRS 15 are met, the Group will recognise this hardware revenue, even though the hardware has not yet been despatched. The Group will normally bill ahead of revenue recognition, and so it is common that a contract liability is created. In particular, software amounts are normally billed on contract signature. These amounts are held on the Statement of Financial Position within ‘Deferred income on contracts with customers’. Where revenue is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income but not yet invoiced, a contract asset is held on the Statement of Financial Position within ‘Accrued income on contracts with customers’. 3.4 Grants Grants of a revenue nature are credited to profit and loss to match with the expenses incurred. Where the grant relates directly to the Group’s principal activities, it is taken as revenue. Where the grant relates to payments for the use of the Group’s products or resources to support broader projects, the grant is taken as other income. 3.5 Sales commissions Commissions are accrued and subsequently paid based on the contractual terms reached with the salesperson. Commissions relate to the whole of the respective customer contract and so are apportioned on the same basis as revenue recognition. Where commissions are paid related to revenues that are not expected in the same accounting period, the commission amount is capitalised and held as an asset on the balance sheet, before being expensed in proportion with the related revenue, which will be recognised in accordance with the policy in 3.3 above. 3.6 Costs of sales Cost of sales includes costs arising in meeting our obligations to customers. The most significant items include third party costs for services and hardware, sales commissions, and the costs of hosting customer data. All other costs are included within administration costs unless separate presentation on the face of the statement of comprehensive income is mandated. 3.7 Leasing A contract contains a lease if the contract gives the Group the right to control the use of an asset for a period of time. On commencement of a lease, the lease liability is measured at the present value of the contracted lease payments, using an estimation of the Group’s incremental cost of borrowing, or a rate implicit in the contract if that can be determined. Right-of-use assets are measured at cost compromising the amount of the initial investment of the lease liability and restoration costs. 37 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 3. Significant accounting policies (continued) 3.7 Leasing (continued) Subsequent to initial recognition, the lease liability is increased for the related finance charges and reduced for instalments paid. The asset is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the length of the lease or the asset’s useful life. Upon any subsequent modifications to the lease, the values are reassessed in line with the process outlined for commencement above. Where a lease ends it is eliminated from the recorded cost and depreciation values. Should the Group enter into any leases with a period of under 12 months, or for assets with a low value, these costs would be recognised directly into the income statement. For 2021, there are no such assets. 3.8 Foreign currencies The individual financial statements of each subsidiary are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates (its functional currency). The UK pound is the functional currency of the Company and presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements. In preparing the financial statements of the individual companies, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions, with differences recorded in the income statement. At each reporting date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. On consolidation, assets and liabilities have been translated into the UK pound at the closing rate at the reporting date. Income and expenses have been translated into the UK pound at the average monthly rates over the reporting period. Exchange differences are charged or credited to other comprehensive income and recognised in the currency translation reserve in equity. 3.9 Post employment benefit costs Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due. 3.10 Taxation The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. Current tax The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the income statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Deferred tax Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. However, such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised based on tax laws and rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited in other comprehensive income, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in other comprehensive income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Group intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis. 38 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 3. Significant accounting policies (continued) 3.10 Taxation (continued) Research and Development tax credits The Group applies for Research and Development tax credits in respect of each financial year. The credit is recognised when the application is submitted, as the Group has an established history of successful claims, and this is the point where an estimated value is reliable. The tax credit is accounted for within the taxation charge or credit for the year. 3.11 Goodwill Goodwill arising in a business combination is recognised as an asset at the date that control is acquired (the acquisition date). Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest (if any) in the entity over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. Goodwill is not amortised but is reviewed for impairment at least annually. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group’s cash-generating units expected to benefit from synergies arising from the combination. Cash-generating units to which goodwill has been attributed under IFRS 3 Business Combinations are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent period. For impairment review purposes the value in use is assessed with reference to cash flows arising from the Board approved three-year plan using a 7.5% discount rate. If this calculation suggests the recoverability of goodwill is sensitive to any of these factors, appropriate scenario modelling is performed. 3.12 Tangible and intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any recognised impairment loss. Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost of fixed assets, less their estimated residual value, over their expected useful lives on the following bases: Leased buildings (right of use) Fixtures, fittings and equipment Leasehold improvements - - - Period of contracted use (i.e. length of lease) 25% - 33% per annum straight line straight line over the lesser of 5 years or over the term of the lease The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit and loss on the transfer of the risks and rewards of ownership. Purchased licences Where a licence for software used in the provision of services to customers is purchased and controlled by the Group, the amount is capitalised and amortised over the period of the licence as long as future economic benefits are expected. The amortisation charge is charged to cost of sales. Internally-generated intangible assets – research and development expenditure The Group undertakes research and development expenditure in view of developing new products. Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. An internally generated intangible asset arising from the Group’s development is recognised only if the Group can demonstrate all of the following: - - - - - - the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale its intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it its ability to use or sell the intangible asset how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits. Among other things, the entity can demonstrate the existence of a market for the output of the intangible asset or the intangible asset itself or, if it is to be used internally, the usefulness of the intangible asset the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset its ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development 39 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 3. Significant accounting policies (continued) 3.12 Tangible and intangible assets (continued) Internally-generated intangible assets – research and development expenditure (continued) Where no internally generated intangible asset can be recognised, development expenditure is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. Costs are allocated to research and development activities based on estimates of the proportion of time incurred by the relevant employees on such activities, plus third-party costs and consumables. 3.13 Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is calculated using the First-In-First-Out method. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution. 3.14 Financial instruments Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s Statement of Financial Position when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value, plus or minus directly attributable transaction costs. Financial assets Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost. The Group currently holds no assets at fair value through profit and loss or fair value through other comprehensive income. Accordingly, where the Group believes that there is a change in the fair value of a financial instrument (e.g. a trade receivable is considered unrecoverable) this amount will be adjusted through the income statement. A financial asset is derecognised once the contractual rights expire (e.g. when cash has been received for a trade receivable). Expected credit losses on trade receivables The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses which uses a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade receivables and contract assets. The Group estimates expected credit losses by taking the credit losses over the preceding 36 months and comparing this to the revenue over the same period. The historical rates are adjusted to reflect current conditions and the Group’s view of economic conditions over the expected lives of the receivables. The percentage derived is then applied to the outstanding trade receivables. This has resulted in an immaterial amount and as such no provision has been booked. Financial liabilities All the Group’s financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, with interest expense recognised on an effective yield basis. Financial liabilities are derecognised when the related obligation is discharged, cancelled or expires. Equity instruments An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued are recognised as the proceeds are received, net of direct issue costs. Hedge accounting The Group does not have any relationships that qualify for hedge accounting. 3.15 Share-based payments Equity-settled share-based payments to employees and others providing similar services are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date. The fair value excludes the effect of non-market-based vesting conditions. Details regarding the determination of the fair value of equity-settled share-based transactions are set out in note 24. The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight- line basis over the vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest. At each reporting date, the Group revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest as a result of the effect of non-market-based vesting conditions. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit or loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to equity reserves. 40 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 3. Significant accounting policies (continued) 3.16 Employee Benefit Trust In order to facilitate the exercise of share options the Group maintains an Employee Benefit Trust (EBT). This is consolidated in accordance with IFRS10. The costs of purchasing own shares held by the EBT are deducted from equity under the ‘Own Shares’ reserve. Neither the purchase nor sale of own shares leads to a gain or loss being recognised in the Group’s profit and loss or other comprehensive income. When shares are subsequently transferred to employees for less than their purchase price the difference is a realised loss recognised directly in reserves. 3.17 Investments The Group measures equity investments at fair value, with changes in fair value recognised in other gains/(losses) in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. 4. Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty In the application of the Group’s accounting policies, which are described in note 3, the Directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. Revenue recognition As noted in section 3.3 above, many of the judgements in relation to revenue recognition are directed by the characteristics of the contractual obligation being discharged. Accordingly, a limited amount of management judgement is required. Whilst these judgements do not carry a significant level of estimation uncertainty, they are nonetheless described below. The extent to which, and the way in which, contracts are separated into their component parts and the values attributed to those parts. This is based on the detail as per the contract, but other methods could be used that would yield different results; Whether software licences are granted to allow the customer the benefit of use of the Group’s intellectual property over a period of time (including benefitting from future maintenance and improvements) or whether that right is given as the intellectual property exists at the point of time the licence is granted. In the case of the former, software is recognised over the period of use, for the latter revenue is recognised when the customer receives control of the licence; The adoption of the portfolio approach for lower value sales and the recognition criteria applied judgements of the upper limit (£20,000) and the period of recognition (12 months) impact the method of valuation and hence the amount recognised in the financial statements; Where performance obligations are satisfied over time, the length of time remaining for performance, and whether this needs revising over time. These judgements are based on best available information from customers at any given point in time, but can change given the nature of the customer’s business; and The deferral and subsequent recognition of commissions in cost of sales, which is recognised in the same proportion as the revenue it is associated with. Critical judgements in applying the Group’s accounting policies The following are the critical judgements that the Directors, supported by management have made in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. Where estimation uncertainty exists, the Directors, supported by management, take account of all available information in forming their judgement. Fair value of investments The Group reviews the fair value of investments on an annual basis. This test requires a comparison of the observable equity transactions, discounted for appropriate matters specific to the Group’s holding in the underlying investment. Goodwill The Group reviews the carrying value of its goodwill balances by carrying out impairment tests at least on an annual basis. These tests require estimates to be made of the value in use of its CGUs which are dependent on estimates of future cash flows and long-term growth rates of the CGUs. See note 13. Capitalisation of development costs The point at which development costs meet the criteria for capitalisation is critically dependent on management judgement of the probability of future economic benefits. No development was completed in the year which met the requirements for capitalisation under IAS 38 Intangible Assets. The research and development expenditure 41 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements primarily relates to ongoing research as outlined in the Strategic Report. Therefore, no development costs have been capitalised during 2021 (2020: £nil). Recovery of deferred tax assets Deferred tax assets have not been recognised for deductible temporary differences, share options and tax losses as management considers that there is not sufficient certainty on when future taxable profits will be available to utilise those temporary differences and tax losses. This judgement is reviewed at each balance sheet date and made based upon forecasts of taxable profit, considering the inherent uncertainties in these forecasts. 5. Revenue An analysis of the Group’s revenue for each major product and service category is as follows: Software Services Hardware 2021 £'000 3,609 5,638 847 10,094 2020 £'000 2,751 3,679 311 6,741 Costs cannot be directly attributed to the products and services above so profit measures are not presented. Geographical information The revenue from external customers by geographical location is detailed below: United Kingdom United States of America European Union Rest of World All non-current assets are located in the United Kingdom. Information about major customers 2021 £'000 888 6,167 2,261 778 10,094 2020 £'000 425 4,606 984 726 6,741 Two customers account for more than 10 per cent of reported revenue in 2021, amounting to just over 20% of the total (2020: none). Revenue from contracts with customers All revenue in 2021 and 2020 comes from contracts with customers. Timing of revenue recognition As explained in note 3.3, some software and services are recognised over a period of time, and some at a point in time. The split of revenue in line with these factors is as follows: Software – delivered over a period of time Software – delivered at a point in time Services – delivered over a period of time Services – delivered at a point in time Hardware – recognised at despatch or on satisfaction of bill and hold criteria 2021 £'000 3,344 265 4,694 944 847 10,094 2020 £'000 2,279 472 2,868 811 311 6,741 Of the £4.8m deferred revenue at 31 December 2020, £4.5m was recognised as revenue in 2021. Of the £2.7m deferred revenue at 31 December 2019, £0.3m was recognised as revenue in 2021. 42 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 5. Revenue (continued) Payment terms can vary from customer to customer and are subject to negotiation. Normally, software will be invoiced at the point of initial sale and services invoiced as delivered. This will mean that a deferred revenue balance is created in respect of software which will be reduced as the software is used. Deferred commissions Deferred commissions are presented as part of ‘other receivables’ in note 17. Management does not consider any of these amounts impaired. The movement of this account specifically is as follows: 2021 £'000 440 (174) 462 728 2020 £'000 273 (127) 294 440 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 14 14 32 32 2021 £'000 297 1,660 143 6 5,100 2020 £'000 130 1,453 132 6 4,444 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 44 33 77 9 9 28 26 54 8 8 Opening balance Amount of opening balance recognised in year Net addition from sales in year Closing balance 6. Other operating income Other operating income is made up of the following: Grant income 7. Operating profit/(loss) Operating profit/(loss) has been arrived at after charging/(crediting): Net foreign exchange (gains)/losses Research and development costs Depreciation of property, plant and equipment Amortisation of intangibles Staff costs (see note 9) 8. Auditor’s remuneration The analysis of the auditor’s remuneration is as follows: Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of: the Company’s annual accounts the subsidiaries’ annual accounts Total audit fees Taxation compliance services Total non-audit fees 43 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 9. Staff costs The average monthly number of employees (including directors) was: Operations Sales and business development Administrative support Their aggregate remuneration comprised: Wages and salaries Social security costs Other pension costs (see note 25) Share-based payments charge (see note 24) 10. Interest receivable and finance costs Interest receivable comprises: Interest on bank deposits Finance costs comprise: Unwinding of discount on lease creditor 2021 Number 2020 Number 42 9 9 60 40 7 11 58 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 3,811 4,321 352 440 228 213 111 68 4,444 5,100 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 - 4 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 11 9 44 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 11. Taxation Corporation tax: Current year Adjustments in respect of prior years Deferred tax (see note 18) Total tax credit 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 (2) (195) (197) - (197) 2 (213) (211) - (211) Corporation tax is calculated at 19.00% (2020: 19.00%) of the estimated taxable loss for the year. The tax credit for each year reconciles to the loss before tax as follows: Loss before tax on continuing operations Tax at the UK corporation tax rate of 19.00% (2020: 19.00%) Difference in foreign tax rates Expenses not deductible for tax purposes Deduction on exercise of share options Movement in unprovided deferred tax on losses Adjustment in respect of prior years Foreign tax (credit)/charge Tax credit for the year 2021 £’000 2020 £'000 253 (649) 48 17 26 (48) (43) (123) 5 3 (2) 117 (195) (213) (2) 2 (197) (211) The adjustment in respect of prior years relates to the receipt of R&D tax credits in respect of 2020 (2020: in respect of 2019). No claim has yet been made for 2021 and no credit has been recognised in the financial statements. 12. Earnings per share The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) is based on the following data: Earnings Earnings for the purposes of basic and diluted EPS per share being net loss attributable to owners of the Company Number of shares Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purposes of basic EPS 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 450 (438) 2021 '000 31,170 2020 '000 29,776 Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purposes of diluted EPS 31,519 29,776 45 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 13. Intangible assets Cost Goodwill £'000 Licences £'000 Total £'000 At 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021 352 Amortisation At 1 January 2021 Charge for the year At 31 December 2021 Net Book value At 31 December 2021 At 31 December 2020 - - - 352 352 40 13 6 19 21 27 392 13 6 19 373 379 The goodwill held by the Group is held within Cambridge Cognition Limited and was recognised when the initial trade and assets for Cambridge Cognition Limited were acquired in 2002. The initial amount recognised was the difference between the amount paid for the trade and assets by Cambridge Cognition Limited and the fair value of those assets. The goodwill represents Cambridge Cognition’s proprietary software. This software is used across the Group’s product offerings, and the group monitors the value of the goodwill at the Cambridge Cognition Limited level. Accordingly, the cash generating unit (“CGU”) for the purposes of testing impairment under IAS 36 is the statutory entity of Cambridge Cognition Limited. The recoverable value of the goodwill and other assets in Cambridge Cognition Limited has been assessed on a value in use basis considering the three-year future forecasts for Cambridge Cognition Limited. These budgets are a result of the overall Group budgeting process, and the key assumptions include sales order volumes, business costs, and the related cash flows. This process considers both prior performance and future projections based on both external and internal factors. A terminal value is calculated based on the third year of forecasts with a nil growth rate. The discount rate used was 7.5%, consistent with the prior year. As well as the scenario based on these forecasts, management has run alternative scenarios with reasonable downside assumptions to test the valuation, in particular a reduction in sales orders taken by over 20% and consequential impacts on results and cashflow. In all scenarios, the goodwill amount is recovered within the initial three-year period. Accordingly, no impairment has been recorded. 14. Property, plant and equipment Cost At 1 January 2021 Additions At 31 December 2021 Depreciation At 1 January 2021 Charge for the year Eliminated on expiry of lease At 31 December 2021 Net Book value At 31 December 2021 At 31 December 2020 Leased Buildings £’000 Leasehold Improvements £'000 Fixtures and fittings £'000 Total £'000 39 - 39 38 1 - 39 - 1 628 32 660 585 24 - 609 52 43 793 56 849 655 143 - 798 52 138 126 24 150 32 118 - 150 - 94 46 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 15. Subsidiaries, joint ventures, associates and other investments Details of the Company’s subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates at 31 December 2021 are as follows: Name Place of incorporation (or registration) and operation Cambridge Cognition Limited United Kingdom Proportion of ownership interest % 100% Proportion of voting power held % 100% Cambridge Cognition Trustees Limited United Kingdom 100% Cambridge Cognition LLC Delaware, United States of America 100% Cantab Corporate Health Limited United Kingdom 100% Cognition Kit Limited United Kingdom 50% 100% 100% 100% 50% The results and assets of Cognition Kit Limited are immaterial to the Group. Accordingly, detailed disclosures have not been presented. All the above companies, except Cambridge Cognition Limited, are held via Cambridge Cognition Limited. All UK entities have their Registered Office at the Company’s registered office. The Registered Office of Cambridge Cognition LLC is 510 S. 200 W. Suite 200, Salt Lake City, UT 84101, USA. All holdings are in ordinary shares. Details of the Company’s other investments include: Monument Therapeutics Limited 33% The net cost of the investment in Monument is £49,000 and after an extensive fair value exercise it was concluded that cost approximated to fair value and there was no requirement to adjust the carrying value of the investment at 31st December 2021. The Company recognises its holding in Monument as an investment. Although it holds more than 20% of the voting shares, it does not have significant influence over the business due to the control exercised by all the other major shareholders to the exclusion of the Company. 16. Inventories Finished goods and goods for resale 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 126 51 During the year inventories with a total value of £251,000 (2020: £184,000) were included in the income statement as an expense. 47 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 17. Trade and other receivables Trade receivables from contracts with customers Accrued income from contracts with customers Prepayments Deferred commissions Other receivables 2021 £'000 2,047 401 1,592 728 362 5,130 2020 £'000 1,368 57 551 440 232 2,648 Trade receivables Trade receivables disclosed above are classified as financial assets and are measured at amortised cost. The average credit period offered on sales of goods varies from 30 days to 90 days. Trade receivables disclosed above include amounts which are past due at the year-end (see below for aged analysis) but against which the Group has not recognised an impairment loss. There has not been a significant change in credit quality and the amounts are still considered recoverable. Aging of past due but not impaired receivables: 31-60 days 61-90 days 91-120 days 121 or more days 2021 £'000 652 299 4 79 1,034 2020 £'000 10 27 - 4 41 There is a provision for a credit loss of £13,000 (2020: £13,000). This loss is against a specific project from which recovery is not presently anticipated. In determining the recoverability of a trade receivable the Group will also consider any change in the credit quality of the trade receivable from the date credit was initially granted up to the reporting date. The concentration of credit risk is limited due to the customer base being large and unrelated. Management considers that all the above financial assets that are not impaired or past due are of good credit quality. Under IFRS 9, we consider the expected credit losses on our receivables with reference to our past experiences of credit losses and calculate an expected credit loss. The expected credit loss for the Group would be immaterial and has not been booked in this or the prior year. Debts of £10,000 were written off during the year (2020 – nil). A provision for credit loss of £115 was charged to the income statement (2020: £13,000). 18. Deferred Tax At the reporting date, the Group has unused tax losses of £12.8 million (2020: £13.8 million) available for offset against future profits. No deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of these losses as there is uncertainty over the timing of future taxable profits. The unprovided deferred tax asset amounts to approximately £2.5 million (2020: £2.6 million). Losses may be carried forward indefinitely. No deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of share options. 48 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 19. Trade and other payables Amounts falling due within one year Trade payables Accruals Deferred income on contracts with customers Social security and other taxes Lease liabilities Other payables 2021 £'000 755 2,181 8,816 112 18 26 11,908 2020 £'000 298 864 4,833 85 98 28 6,206 Trade payables and accruals principally comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases and ongoing costs. For all suppliers no interest is charged on the trade payables. Group policy is to ensure that payables are paid within the pre-agreed credit terms and to avoid incurring penalties and/or interest on late payments. The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade payables approximates their fair value. Deferred income on contracts with customers has increased during the year due to the volume of sales orders received, and the amount of orders for which payments have been received ahead of revenue recognition. 20. Share capital Issued and fully paid 31,170,093 (2020: 31,170,093) Ordinary Shares of £0.01 each 2021 £’000 2020 £’000 312 312 All ordinary shares carry equal voting and distribution rights. There are no other classes of shares. 21. Own shares reserve and other reserve Own shares reserve 2021 £’000 2020 £’000 78 78 The Own shares reserve represents the cost of shares acquired by the two Cambridge Cognition Employee Benefit Trusts to satisfy options under the Group’s share options schemes. The number of shares held by the UK Employee Benefit Trust at 31 December 2021 was 36,765 (2020: 67,715). The number of shares held by the Jersey-based Employee Benefit Trust at 31 December 2021 was 45,000 (2020: 48,250). During the year employees exercised 30,950 (2020: 6,000) (net) share options at an exercise price of £0.01 each which were satisfied by the UK Employee Benefit Trust. Other reserve – merger reserve Other reserve – cumulative translation adjustment Total other reserve 2021 £’000 5,981 144 6,125 2020 £’000 5,981 130 6,111 The Other reserve in the consolidated statement of changes in equity is made up of £5,981,000 which arose when the Company became the new Group holding company in April 2013. 49 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 22. Notes to the cash flow statement Profit (Loss) before tax Adjustments for: Depreciation of property, plant and equipment Amortisation of software licences Share-based payment expense Finance costs Interest receivable Operating cash flows before movements in working capital Decrease/(increase) in inventories (Increase)/decrease in receivables Increase in payables Cash generated by operations Tax credit received less tax paid Net cash from operating activities Cash and cash equivalents Cash and bank balances 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 253 (649) 142 6 111 11 - 523 (75) (2,285) 5,782 3,945 132 6 68 9 (4) (438) 2 (1,010) 2,243 797 - 213 3,945 1,010 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 6,810 3,047 Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and short-term bank deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. The carrying amount of these assets is approximately equal to their fair value. 23. Lease arrangements The Group holds leases for its headquarters and one additional storage building on the same site. These are the Group’s only leases. A summary of the lease asset is within note 14, being the column ‘Leased Buildings’. The changes in the lease liability are as follows: Liability outstanding at the beginning of the year Renewal lease signed Lease repayments Finance costs Liability outstanding at year-end 2021 £'000 98 - (86) 6 18 All remaining lease payments are due within one year. Included within the liability above is an amount of £17,000 for restoration of the property at the lease’s end. 50 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 24. Share-based payments Equity-settled share option scheme The Company has a share option scheme for key employees of the Group. The vesting periods vary between 0 and 3 years. Options are forfeited if the employee leaves the Group before the options vest. Details of the share options outstanding during the year are as follows: 2021 2020 Number of share options Weighted average exercise price (in £) Number of share options Weighted average exercise price (in £) Outstanding at beginning of year Exercised during the year Granted during the year Forfeited during the year Outstanding at the end of the year 2,287,636 (38,259) 494,000 (216,287) 2,527,090 0.35 0.01 1.24 0.45 0.52 1,316,321 (6,000) 1,286,815 (309,500) 2,287,636 0.46 0.01 0.30 0.58 0.35 Exercisable at the end of the year 396,959 0.59 288,106 0.81 The options outstanding at 31 December 2021 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 3.6 years (2020 3.2 years). The exercise prices of share options outstanding at the period end was as follows: 2021 2020 Number of share options Weighted average exercise price (in £) Number of share options Weighted average exercise price (in £) Exercise price of one penny Exercise price of 28 pence Exercise price between 53 and 82.5 pence Exercise price between 125 and 272 pence Outstanding at the end of the year 160,843 1,427,857 455,458 482,932 2,527,090 0.01 0.28 0.66 1.29 0.52 200,602 1,592,144 456,958 37,932 2,287,636 0.01 0.28 0.66 1.63 0.35 Options were granted on 30 April 2021 and 15 November 2021. The performance conditions attached to some of these options are such that options vest dependent on the Group achieving certain performance hurdles. The performance conditions, which are both market and non-market conditions, have been incorporated into the measurement by actuarial modelling. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted in April is £155,000, and for those granted in November is £28,000. The inputs into the Monte Carlo stochastic and Black Scholes models for the performance related options were as follows: Share price at date of issue Exercise price Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free rate Expected dividend yields Share price at date of issue Exercise price Expected volatility Expected life Risk-free rate Expected dividend yields April 2021 121.0p 125.0p 6% 3 years 0.17% 0.0% November 2021 136.5p 140.0p 6% 3 years 0.17% 0.0% Expected volatility was determined by considering the expected share price movements and other comparable listed companies in the sector. For each option tranche a minimum share price hurdle for the options to vest was set in accordance with the individual terms in the option contracts. The Group recognised a total charge of £111,000 (2020: £68,000) in relation to equity-settled share-based payment transactions. 51 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 25. Post-employment benefit schemes Defined contribution schemes The Group operates a defined contribution retirement benefit scheme for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Group in funds under the control of independent trustees. The total cost charged to income of £228,000 (2020: £213,000) represents contributions payable to these schemes by the Group at agreed rates. As at 31 December 2021, contributions of £25,000 (2020: £26,000) due in respect of the current reporting year had not been paid over to the schemes. 26. Financial instruments Capital risk management The Group manages its capital to ensure the Group is able to continue as a going concern while maximising the return to stakeholders through optimising the balance between the Group debt and equity. The Group had no borrowings at 31 December 2021 (2020: nil). The Group is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. The current capital structure of the Group consists of cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the Parent, comprising issued capital, reserves and retained earnings as follows: Cash and cash equivalents Equity shareholders funds 2021 £'000 6,810 632 2020 £'000 3,047 57 Significant accounting policies Details of the significant accounting policies and methods adopted (including the criteria for recognition, the basis of measurement and the bases for recognition of income and expenses) for each class of financial asset, financial liability and equity instrument are disclosed in note 3. Categories of financial instruments Financial assets classified at amortised cost Cash and bank balances Trade and other receivables Financial liabilities at amortised cost Trade and other payables 2021 £'000 2020 £'000 6,810 2,388 3,047 1,521 3,092 1,373 Financial risk management objectives The Group’s Finance function is responsible for all aspects of corporate treasury. It co-ordinates access to financial markets and monitors and manages the financial risks relating to the operations of the Group through internal reports which analyse exposures by degree and magnitude. The risks reviewed include market risk (including currency risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. Liquidity Risk Liquidity risk is that the Group might be unable to meet its obligations. The Group manages its liquidity needs by monitoring cash outflows due in day-to-day business. The Board reviews an annual 12 month financial projection as well as information regarding cash balances on a monthly basis, which includes projections of at least a further 12 months. At 31 December 2021, the Group’s financial liabilities had contractual maturities which are summarised below: Trade payables Other payables Lease liability 52 2020 £'000 Within 1 year Within 1 year 2021 £'000 755 2,319 18 3,092 298 977 98 1,373 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 26. Financial instruments (continued) Market risk The Group’s activities expose it primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates (see below). The Group has limited exposure to foreign currency exchange rates and did not use financial derivatives in 2020 or 2021. There has been no change to the Group’s exposure to market risks or the manner in which these risks are managed and measured. Foreign currency risk management The Group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies; consequently, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise. The carrying amounts of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities at the year-end were as follows: US Dollar Euro Qatari Riyal Liabilities Assets 2021 £'000 119 138 - 2020 £'000 83 39 - 2021 £'000 2,952 599 45 2020 £'000 2,922 766 45 A movement in the £/$ exchange rate of +/- 5% from 31 December 2021 to the date of realising the US dollar net asset position would result in a gain of £142,000 (2020: £142,000). Similarly with the Euro, the gain/loss would be £23,000 (2020: £36,000). With the Qatari Riyal, the gain/loss would be £2,000(2020: £2,000). Credit risk management Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Group. The Group has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient collateral where appropriate, as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Group makes appropriate enquiries of the counterparty and independent third parties to determine credit worthiness. Use of other publicly available financial information and the Group’s own trading records is made to rate its major customers. The Group’s exposure and the credit worthiness of its counterparties are continuously monitored and the aggregate value of transactions is spread amongst approved counterparties. Credit exposure is also controlled by counterparty limits that are reviewed and approved by Group management continuously. The Group does not have any significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or group of counterparties having similar characteristics. The Group defines counterparties as having similar characteristics if they are related entities. The carrying amount recorded for financial assets in the Statement of Financial Position is net of impairment losses and represents the Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk. The Group has calculated its expected credit losses and the amount is immaterial. No guarantees have been given in respect to third parties. Fair value of financial instruments The Directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the Statement of Financial Position approximate their fair values. 53 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the financial statements 27. Related party transactions Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. Transactions between the Group and other related parties are disclosed below. Transactions with Cognition Kit Limited Cognition Kit Limited is the Group’s 50% owned joint venture. During the year the Group invoiced £21,000 (2020: £66,000) in respect of the value of time and expenses of the Group committed to the activities of Cognition Kit Limited - this has been recognised in revenue. At year-end a balance of £nil (2020: £nil) was owed to the Group by Cognition Kit Limited. Further, the Group was invoiced £253,000 with respect to Cognition Kit Limited in the year (2020: £41,000) – this has been recognised as a cost of sale. The Group has also accrued costs in respect of licence fees and other services payable to Cognition Kit Limited of £25,000 (2020: £8,000) – this has been included in accruals. Transactions with Monument Therapeutics Limited Monument Therapeutics Limited was invested in November 2020. The Group has been providing short term funding for Monument Therapeutics Limited. At 31 December 2021 this amounted to £22,000 (2020: £21,000), and has been included within other receivables in note 17. The accumulated net cost incurred on behalf of Monument prior to the spin out was £49k. Remuneration of directors and key management personnel The remuneration of the key management personnel of the Group is set out below in aggregate for each of the categories specified in IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures. The key management personnel of the Group at 31 December 2021 consist of the Directors and five additional senior staff (2020: the Directors and five additional senior staff). Short-term employee benefits Post-employment benefits Termination benefits Share-based payments 2021 £'000 1,402 55 30 57 1,544 2020 £'000 1,190 47 - 44 1,281 Payments in respect of each director are set out in the Remuneration Report. The audited section of that Report forms part of the financial statements. Other transactions In addition to the above, during 2021 the Group incurred consultancy fees of £2,000 (2020: £24,000) from MCR Holdings, a partnership of which Nicholas Walters is a partner and consultancy fees of £nil (2020: £22,394) from The Truffaldino Partnership, a company of which Steven Powell is a director. At 31 December 2021 a balance of £nil (2020: £2,418) was outstanding to MCR Holdings. 54 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Parent Company statement of financial position Assets Non-current assets Investments Total non-current assets Current assets Trade and other receivables Cash and cash equivalents Total current assets Total assets Liabilities Current liabilities Trade and other payables Total liabilities Equity Share capital Share premium Retained earnings Total equity Notes At 31 December 2021 At 31 December 2020 £'000 £’000 2 3 4 5 555 555 3,997 5,224 506 506 8,738 517 9,221 9,255 9,776 9,761 443 443 312 11,151 (2,129) 251 251 312 11,151 (1,953) 9,333 9,510 Total liabilities and equity 9,776 9,761 No profit and loss account is presented for Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc as provided by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006. The Company’s loss after tax for the financial year was £208,000 (2020: profit £943,000). The financial statements of Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc on pages 54 to 57 were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 13th May 2022 and were signed on its behalf by: Matthew Stork Chief Executive Officer 55 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Parent Company statement of changes in equity Balance at 1 January 2020 Profit for the year Issue of new share capital Share issue costs Credit to equity of equity-settled share- based payments Share capital £’000 242 Share premium £’000 9,943 Retained earnings £’000 (2,964) - 70 - - - 1,330 (122) - 943 - - 68 Total £’000 7,221 943 1,400 (122) 68 Transactions with owners 70 1,208 68 1,346 Balance at 1 January 2021 312 11,151 (1,953) 9,510 Loss for the year Credit to equity of equity-settled share-based payments Transactions with owners - - - - - - (208) (208) 31 31 31 31 Balance at 31 December 2021 312 11,151 (2,130) 9,333 56 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the Parent Company financial statements 1. Significant accounting policies 1.1 Basis of accounting The separate financial statements of the Company are presented as required by the Companies Act 2006. They have been prepared under the historical cost convention and in accordance with applicable United Kingdom Accounting Standards and law. The Company has elected to use Financial Reporting Standard – ‘The Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (FRS 101). The Company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions afforded by FRS 101: o Disclosure exemption allowing no cash flow statement or related notes to be presented o Disclosure exemption allowing the Company not to disclose related party transactions when transactions are entered into wholly within the Group o Disclosure exemption around Key Management Personnel compensation (though see note 27 of the Group accounts and the Directors’ Remuneration Report) o Capital management disclosures (though see note 26 of the Group accounts) o Disclosure exemption on the effect of future accounting standards o Disclosure exemption on share-based payment information disclosures (IFRS 2), as this information has been presented for the Group in note 24 of the consolidated financial statements o Disclosure exemption on financial instrument disclosures (IFRS 7) as this information has been presented for the Group in note 26 of the consolidated financial statements. The principal accounting policies are summarised below. They have all been applied consistently throughout the year. The accounts are presented in Pounds Sterling (“£”), and to the nearest £1,000. 1.2 Investments Fixed asset investments in subsidiaries are shown at cost less provision for impairment. The Company accounts for share options granted to the employees of subsidiary undertakings by recognising an increased investment in the subsidiary, with the corresponding credit recognised in reserves. The Company measures other equity investments at fair value, with changes in fair value recognised in other gains/(losses) in the statement of comprehensive income. 1.3 Financial instruments The Company’s financial instruments accounting policy is as per the Group’s policy (see note 3.14). Additionally, with respect to intercompany loans, these are assessed for expected credit losses and provision is made where the recoverable value is less than the book value of the receivable. 1.4 Going concern The Directors have assessed the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. As noted in the Strategic Review, the business has remained fully operational to date and order intake in 2021 was excellent. The Group has a base case forecast for the period to 30th June 2023 with a growth case and downside also being forecast. The base case is built on the current view of orders to be taken and the recognition of revenue and billing milestones associated with orders already taken. The base case shows strong performance, driven by existing orders and supports a positive and comfortable cash balance through the end of the going concern review period, with a positive outlook thereafter. The worst case also shows positive cash through the going concern review period and would allow for further expenditure modifications not yet budgeted. Whilst having proper regard to the continuing uncertainties brought by the pandemic, the Directors believe that the Group will remain a going concern for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, the accounts have been prepared on the going concern basis. 1.5 Employee Benefit Trust Two Employee Benefit Trusts (EBTs) are maintained in order to facilitate the exercise of employee share options. Assets and shares of the EBTs are not consolidated into the Parent company. 57 Cambridge Cognition Holdings plc Notes to the Parent Company financial statements 2. Investments Cost and net book value At 1 January 2021 Additions At 31 December 2021 Investment £'000 506 49 555 During the year the company invested £49,000 in Monument Theraputics Limited. The investments at the end of the year were as follows: Name Cambridge Cognition Limited Monument Therapeutics Limited Country of Operation United Kingdom United Kingdom Proportion of Ownership and Voting Power Held 100% Nature of Business Development and sale of computerised neuropsychological tests 33% Digital phenotyping Other Group subsidiaries, all of which are owned indirectly through Cambridge Cognition Limited, are detailed in note 15 of the Group accounts. All subsidiaries have been included in the consolidated accounts. 3. Trade and other receivables Amounts due from subsidiary undertaking Provision against amounts due from subsidiary undertaking Amounts due from associates Other receivables 2021 £’000 3,990 - - 7 3,997 2020 £'000 8,696 - 21 21 8,738 Of the amounts due from subsidiary undertakings, £4.0m (2020:£8.5m) are considered a long-term loan to Cambridge Cognition Limited, but are technically repayable on demand. The Company receives interest at a rate of 7.5% per annum on this amount. At 31 December 2021, it was considered that Cambridge Cognition Limited has the ability to repay the debt if it were called, and as such any impairment would be immaterial. 4. Trade and other payables Trade payables Social security and other taxes Accruals 5. Share capital 2021 £’000 2020 £'000 83 20 340 443 29 21 201 251 The details on the share capital of the Company are provided at note 20 to the Group’s accounts. 6. Employment costs The only employees of the Company are the Directors. Payments in respect of each director are set out in the Remuneration Report. The audited section of that Report forms part of the financial statements. 58
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