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CAE
Annual Report 2008

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FY2008 Annual Report · CAE
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Annual Report
for the year ended March 31,
2008

one step ahead

cae.com

one step ahead

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  1  Corporate Profile
  2  Chairman’s Message
  4  Message to Shareholders
  7  Financial Overview
  8  Group Presidents
  9  Four Balanced Reporting Segments
  10  CAE Global Reach
  12  Training and Services/Civil
  14  Simulation Products/Civil
  16  Simulation Products/Military
  18  Training and Services/Military
  20  CAE Professional Services & Presagis
  21  Pilot Provisioning 
  22  Emerging Markets
  23  Bandwidth
  24  Community
  25  Financial Review
  27  Management’s Discussion and Analysis
  73   Management’s Report on Internal  

Control over Financial Reporting

  73  Independent Auditors’ Report
  75  Consolidated Financial Statements
  79  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 130  Board of Directors and Officers
 131  Shareholder and Investor Information
 132  Forward-Looking Statements

Corporate 
Profile

CAE is a world leader in providing simulation and modelling technologies and integrated training solutions for 
the civil aviation industry and defence forces around the globe. With annual revenues exceeding C$1.4 billion, 
CAE employs more than 6,000 people at more than 75 sites and training locations in 20 countries. We have 
the largest installed base of civil full-flight simulators and training devices. Through our global network of  
27 civil aviation and military training centres, we train more than 75,000 crewmembers yearly. We also offer 
modelling and simulation software to various market segments and, through CAE’s professional services  
division, we assist customers with a wide range of simulation-based needs. www.cae.com

2008 financial highlights
(amounts in millions, except per share amounts)  

2008 

2007  

2006

Operating results
Continuing operations
  Revenue  
  Earnings  
Net earnings 

Financial position
Total assets  
Total debt, net of cash  

Per share
Earnings from continuing operations  
Net earnings  
Dividends  
Shareholders’ equity  

1,423.6  
164.8 
152.7 

1,250.7   
129.1  
127.4  

1,107.2 
69.6 
63.6

2,253.2  
124.1 

1,956.2  
133.0   

1,716.1
190.2

0.65  
0.60  
0.04   
3.74  

0.51    
0.51    
0.04   
3.30  

0.28 
0.25
0.04
2.69

GEOGRAPHIC
DISTRIBUTION
OF REVENUE

GEOGRAPHIC
DISTRIBUTION
OF REVENUE

REVENUE
REVENUE
BY BUSINESS
BY BUSINESS
SEGMENT
SEGMENT

CANADA

CANADA
7%

7%

UNITED STATES

UNITED STATES
33%

33%

UNITED KINGDOM

UNITED KINGDOM
7%

7%

GERMANY

GERMANY
11%

11%

NETHERLANDS

NETHERLANDS
7%

7%

OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
10%
CHINA
CHINA
5%
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
4%
OTHER ASIAN COUNTRIES
OTHER ASIAN COUNTRIES
6%
AUSTRALIA
6%
AUSTRALIA
OTHER COUNTRIES
OTHER COUNTRIES
4%

10%
5%
4%
6%
6%
4%

TRAINING AND SERVICES/CIVIL

TRAINING AND SERVICES/CIVIL
27%

27%

TRAINING AND SERVICES/MILITARY

TRAINING AND SERVICES/MILITARY
16%

16%

SIMULATION PRODUCTS/CIVIL

SIMULATION PRODUCTS/CIVIL
30%

30%

SIMULATION PRODUCTS/MILITARY

SIMULATION PRODUCTS/MILITARY
27%

27%

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  1
CAE Annual Report 2008  |  1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
CAE Annual Report 2008 |  1

Chairman’s 
Message

Lynton R. Wilson, Chairman of the Board

BAlANCE, DivERSiTy AND TEAm SpiRiT: ThESE quAliTiES 

hAvE uNDERpiNNED ThE SuCCESS of CAE foR mANy 

yEARS. iN fiSCAl 2008, CAE REpoRTED STRoNg gRoWTh 

iN All mARkET SEgmENTS, AND WAS AlSo RECogNizED 

foR ExCEllENCE iN CoRpoRATE govERNANCE.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  2

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  2

 Chairman’s  
Message

During fiscal 2008, CAE continued to diversify its activities in both the civil and military markets, among 
products and services, as well as in the various regions of the world. initiatives such as pilot provisioning, 
expansion in emerging markets and a focus on leveraging modelling and simulation technologies helped 
to provide earnings stability and strategic flexibility. 

The year was marked not only by continued financial success, but also by recognition for improvements 
in corporate governance. in January 2008, CAE was named co-winner in the large enterprise category 
of Excellence in Corporate governance, an initiative by the korn/ferry international firm and Commerce 
magazine. The award is based on the corporate governance practices of a Board of Directors and 
management among companies headquartered in quebec. for CAE, the balance, diversity and team 
spirit exhibited by the Board and management were cited among the winning attributes, as was the 
Company’s focus on transparency. 

on behalf of the Board, i would like to salute the CAE management team, under the leadership  
of mr. Robert Brown, and all CAE employees. We remain confident in the Company’s future. 

Lynton R. Wilson
Chairman of the Board

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  3

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  3

 
 
Message to 
Shareholders

Robert E. Brown, president and Chief Executive officer

CAE hAS gENERATED ExCEllENT RESulTS WiTh STEADy 

gRoWTh iN REvENuE, EARNiNgS AND NEW oRDER ACTiviTy 

iN BoTh miliTARy AND Civil SECToRS. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  4

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  4

 Message to 
Shareholders

Revenues increased 14% to reach $1.4 billion, approximately 60% of which was generated outside 
North America. our earnings from continuing operations also increased by 28% to total $164.8 million, 
and we continued to strengthen our financial position, finishing the year with a positive free cash flow  
of $173.4 million.

The strategy that we announced in february 2005 has paid off.  Since then, we have successfully 
increased revenues and earnings. We achieved these results while improving our balance sheet and 
maintaining our business portfolio’s balance between the military and civil activities, and products and 
services. At the same time, we improved our geographic diversification. for this fiscal year, our revenues 
originated one third from North America, one third from Europe and one third from the emerging regions 
comprising Asia-pacific, the middle East and South America.  orders generated were closely divided 
between military and civil, totalling $746.1 million and $919.4 million respectively.

During 2008, CAE’s position strengthened around the world. in the Asia-pacific region, we signed  
a 10-year pilot training agreement with AirAsia and selected kuala lumpur as our Southeast Asian  
training hub. in india, we are increasing our footprint by building a training centre and partnering with the 
government of india for pilot training in two national flight academies. We acquired one of india’s leading 
military simulation companies and are developing a helicopter training centre with joint venture partner 
hindustan Aeronautics limited. We increased our training capacity in our Dubai joint venture training  
centre and expanded our training centres in the u.k., the Netherlands and China. in North America,  
we opened a business aviation training centre in New Jersey and signed contracts for training centre 
operations services with Air Canada and upS. We announced training programs to address 90% of  
all business aviation aircraft  fleets. 

CAE sold 37 full-flight simulators – a near record – to airlines, oEms and aircraft operators in Asia,  
Europe, North America, the middle East and Australia. our investment in innovation continued and  
we launched a number of new technological firsts. CAE continued to lead the industry in developing  
prototype simulators for new aircraft, and our new breakthrough simulator, the CAE 5000 Series,  
which was designed specifically to address emerging training requirements and markets, was also  
put into service. 

on the military side, CAE’s position was strengthened in key programs for the u.S. Navy and CAE  
won contracts in the Netherlands, Singapore, france, germany, and the u.k. New Nh90 program  
contracts were signed in Australia and Europe, while in Canada the CAE-led team was qualified as the 
only team compliant for the C-130J and Ch-47 aircrew training capability. Contracts were also signed  
to develop prototype simulators for a variety of oEms, including Boeing for the p-8A poseidon and  
Alenia Aermacchi for the m-346 advanced lead-in fighter trainer.  

The 2008 results strengthened our balance sheet, and we are confident about our ability to face the  
future. CAE has the flexibility to pursue growth initiatives and continue to do some acquisitions to  
grow our military modelling and simulation capabilities as well as our training and services business.  
This flexibility has also permitted us to increase the dividend from $0.01 to $0.03 per quarter.  

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  5

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  5

OutLOOk 

fiscal 2009 will bring its own challenges, such as the continued strengthening of the Canadian dollar, 
the fund markets in the u.S., the ever-increasing price of oil and the ongoing situation of world airlines, 
particularly in the u.S. 

Challenges aside, however, this new year will also present many opportunities. The aerospace and  
defence sectors remain strong despite the economic and financial market volatility. Worldwide aircraft 
traffic is expected to double in the next 20 years. The business jet market is seeing unprecedented 
growth with all manufacturers reporting historically high orders. on the commercial side, after the last 
three years of record order intake, Airbus and Boeing forecast between 22,000 and 27,000 aircraft 
deliveries over the next 20 years. They are receiving strong orders from the Asia-pacific region and the 
middle East. Compounding this demand is an industry-wide expected shortage of 18,000 pilots per 
year for the next 20 years, with a high proportion of these pilots coming from emerging markets. on  
the military side, the nature of warfare is changing. forces are relying more and more on synthetic  
training. for armed forces everywhere, the benefits of training in simulators include reduced cost, lower 
risk, and less wear and tear on aircraft already experiencing high operational use. more importantly, 
simulation is increasingly used for mission rehearsal to prepare personnel before they go into combat. 
CAE is developing products and services to help meet these growing needs. 

CAE is also increasingly well positioned for the future because we’ve modernized the way we work. 
There is an entrepreneurial spirit and a culture of financial discipline throughout the organization.  
hand in hand with our employees, we are learning to adapt quickly to the complex political and  
business realities around the world. 

Employee engagement levels have significantly improved and our commitment and efforts were  
recognized when we were chosen in october 2007 by mediacorp Canada as one of Canada’s  
Top 100 Employers and one of montreal’s Top 15 Employers, and by the Financial Post as one  
of Canada’s 10 Best Companies to Work for.  

in summary, we have solid financials, our business activities are well balanced and diversified, and  
we have the flexibility to react quickly to changes and opportunities in the market. our people share  
an entrepreneurial spirit and they are committed to taking CAE to the next level. 

We have several priorities as we begin the new year. The Company will continue to maintain a solid  
financial base, grow a strong management team and nurture employee engagement. We will execute 
our current initiatives and grow our military and civil training and services sectors. And we will stay one 
step ahead, offering innovative technologies that improve our clients’ operational efficiency, provide  
them with the best synthetic training possible, and improve the safety of their flights. 

in closing, i extend my appreciation to our CAE team around the world for a job well done, to our  
CAE Board members for their counsel and to our shareholders for their continued confidence in CAE.

Robert E. Brown
president and Chief Executive officer

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  6

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  6

 
 
REVENUE

1,600

(in millions of dollars)

REVENUE
(in millions of dollars)
NET DEBT
(in millions of dollars)

NET DEBT
(in millions of dollars)
NET CASH PROVIDED
BY CONTINUING
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
(in millions of dollars)

NET CASH PROVIDED
BY CONTINUING
NON-CASH
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 WORKING CAPITAL
(in millions of dollars)
(in millions of dollars)

NON-CASH
 WORKING CAPITAL
(in millions of dollars)

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0

1,600

1,400
300
1,200

1,000
250
800
200
600
150
400

100
200

0
50

0

300

300
250

250
200

200
150

150
100

100
50

50
0

0

300

0
250

-20
200
-40
150
-60
100
-80
50
-100

0
-120

-140

0

-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

8
0
0
2
8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2
7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2
6
0
0
2

8
0
0
2
8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2
7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2
6
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  7

Financial 
Overview

REVENUE
(in millions of dollars)

REVENUE
(in millions of dollars)

NET DEBT
(in millions of dollars)

NET DEBT
(in millions of dollars)
NET CASH PROVIDED
BY CONTINUING
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
(in millions of dollars)

NET CASH PROVIDED
BY CONTINUING
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
NON-CASH
(in millions of dollars)
 WORKING CAPITAL
(in millions of dollars)

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  7

NON-CASH
 WORKING CAPITAL
(in millions of dollars)

1,600

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0

1,600

1,400

1,200
300
1,000
250
800
200
600

400
150
200
100
0
50

0

300

250
300

200
250

150
200

100
150

50
100

0
50

0

300

250
0

200
-20

-40
150

-60
100
-80
50
-100
0
-120

-140

0

-20

-40

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

8
0
0
2
8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2
7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2
6
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

8

0

0

2

7

0

0

2

6

0

0

2

Group 
Presidents

ThRoughouT ouR 60-yEAR hiSToRy, WE hAvE iNNovATED To hElp ouR  

CuSTomERS STAy oNE STEp AhEAD iN ENhANCiNg ThE SAfETy, EffiCiENCy, 

REliABiliTy AND READiNESS of ThEiR opERATioNS. WE CoNTiNuE To Do  

ThiS iN ToDAy’S ComplEx gloBAl BuSiNESS ENviRoNmENT By REmAiNiNg  

oNE STEp AhEAD iN iNNovATioN, iN ANTiCipATiNg ouR CliENTS’ NEEDS AND  

iN ouR gloBAl REACh.

Marc Parent
group president
Simulation products and  
military Training & Services 

Jeff Roberts
group president  
innovation and  
Civil Training & Services

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  8

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  8

Four 
Balanced  
Reporting 
Segments

PROduCtS 

SERviCES 

Civil   

SimulATioN pRoDuCTS/Civil

TRAiNiNg AND SERviCES/Civil

MilitARy

SimulATioN pRoDuCTS/miliTARy

TRAiNiNg AND SERviCES/miliTARy

CAE iS A DyNAmiC AND foCuSED lEADER WiTh ThE BuSiNESS BAlANCED EquAlly AmoNg 
Civil AND miliTARy, AND pRoDuCTS AND SERviCES.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  9

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  9

BURGESS HILL

BENSON

BRINKWORTH

LYNEHAM

YEOVILTON

CULDROSE

••

•

•

• •

••

•••••

•

•

•

••• ••

•

•

••

•

VÉLIZY

• SESTO CALENDE

PISA •

ROME •

• VITERBO

MADRID •

• EVORA

• MOSCOW

 DOHA •

• DUBAI 

• RAE BARELI

 OKINAWA •

GONDIA •

ZHUHAI •

BANGALORE •

LANGKAWI •

KUALA LUMPUR • 

• SINGAPORE 

• ANCHORAGE

VANCOUVER •
McCHORD •

• SEATTLE

• COLD LAKE

• MOOSE JAW

MONTREAL 

MINNEAPOLIS •

MIRABEL
OTTAWA •

••
• TRENTON

TORONTO •

•

GAGETOWN
• MONCTON
•

GREENWOOD

DENVER

•

SAN JOSE •

CREECH
•

MESA

•
PHOENIX••

SAN DIEGO •

TUCSON
•
•
•
DAVIS-MONTHAN

RICHARDSON
OKLAHOMA
•
•
•
 DYESS • • DALLAS
KEESLER •

LITTLE ROCK

• MORRISTOWN

FORT CAMPBELL 

•

•
•
DOBBINS

• HAMPTON ROADS
• CHERRY POINT

CHARLOTTE

TAMPA •

• ORLANDO

HOLLOMAN

CAE  
Global 
Reach

• SÃO PAULO

SANTIAGO •

LeGenD

n AviATioN TRAiNiNg
n AviATioN SERviCES
l miliTARy TRAiNiNg
l miliTARy SERviCES
s  SimulATioN pRoDuCTS  

opERATioNS

t  CAE pRofESSioNAl  
SERviCES offiCES
u pRESAgiS offiCES

  flighT ACADEmiES AND 
CAE gloBAl ACADEmy

	l ExpANSioN

north america
canada
	l 
	l 
	l 
	l	t 

ColD lAkE
gAgEToWN
gREENWooD
miRABEl
moNCToN
n	s	t	u moNTREAl
	l 
mooSE JAW
	n	t 
oTTAWA
n	n 
ToRoNTo
	l 
TRENToN
n	n 
vANCouvER   

usa
	n 
	n 
	l 
l	
	n	l 
	l 
	n 
	l 
	l 
	l 
 t 
	l 
	l	l 
	l	l 
	l 

l 
n		

ANChoRAgE
ChARloTTE
ChERRy poiNT
CREECh
DAllAS
DAviS-moNThAN
DENvER
DoBBiNS
DyESS
foRT CAmpBEll
hAmpToN RoADS
hollomAN
kEESlER
liTTlE RoCk
mcChoRD
mESA
miNNEApoliS
moRRiSToWN

oklAhomA

	n 
n	t	u	 oRlANDo
n 
phoENix
	u 
RiChARDSoN
	l	
SAN DiEgo
	u 
SAN JoSE
		n 
SEATTlE
		l	s	t  TAmpA
	u	 

TuCSoN

south america
BRaziL
n 
cHiLE
n 

SÃo pAulo

SANTiAgo

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  10

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  10

 
	  
   
 
• ANCHORAGE

• COLD LAKE

VANCOUVER •

McCHORD •

• SEATTLE

• MOOSE JAW

MONTREAL 

MINNEAPOLIS •

MIRABEL

OTTAWA •

••

TORONTO •

• TRENTON

GAGETOWN

• MONCTON

GREENWOOD

•

•

SAN JOSE •

CREECH

•

PHOENIX••

•

MESA

TUCSON

SAN DIEGO •

DAVIS-MONTHAN

•

•

DENVER

•

LITTLE ROCK

• MORRISTOWN

RICHARDSON

OKLAHOMA

•

•

 DYESS • • DALLAS

•

FORT CAMPBELL 

•

•

•

•

DOBBINS

• HAMPTON ROADS

• CHERRY POINT

CHARLOTTE

KEESLER •

TAMPA •

• ORLANDO

HOLLOMAN

• MOSCOW

•

BURGESS HILL
BENSON

BRINKWORTH
LYNEHAM

YEOVILTON

CULDROSE

••
•
• •

•

••
•••••
•
•
••• ••
•
•
••

•
VÉLIZY

MADRID •

• EVORA

• SESTO CALENDE
• VITERBO

PISA •
ROME •

JAGEL •

• KIEL

• WITTMUND

• LAAGE

 DOHA •

• DUBAI 

• RAE BARELI

• DEN HELDER
 •
AMSTERDAM

GONDIA •

HOPSTEN 
•

ZHUHAI •

• FASSBERG
 OKINAWA •

• WUNSTORF
• BUECKEBURG

 •

 HOLZDORF

BANGALORE •

• 
        BRUSSELS

• GEILENKIRCHEN
• NOERVENICH
•
• BUECHEL

STOLBERG

LANGKAWI •

KUALA LUMPUR • 

NEUBURG •

LECHFELD • • FUERSTENFELDBRUCK

• SINGAPORE 

austRaLia

BRISBANE
•

OAKEY •

• SÃO PAULO

SANTIAGO •

BELgiuM
gERMany
nEtHERLands

• DEN HELDER
 •
AMSTERDAM

JAGEL •

• KIEL

• WITTMUND

• LAAGE

• FASSBERG

HOPSTEN 
•

• WUNSTORF
• BUECKEBURG

 •

 HOLZDORF

• 
        BRUSSELS

• GEILENKIRCHEN
• NOERVENICH
•
• BUECHEL

STOLBERG

NEUBURG •

LECHFELD • • FUERSTENFELDBRUCK

CANBERRA •

MELBOURNE •

RICHMOND •

• SYDNEY
• NOWRA

• OKINAWA

• OKINAWA

vélizy

europe
BELgiuM
	n	l	   BRuSSElS
FRancE
 u		
gERMany
	l		 
l		l 
		l 
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		l 
	l 
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	l 
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	s	t 
BRISBANE
	l 
•
OAKEY •
	l 

BuEChEl
BuECkEBuRg
fASSBERg
fuERSTENfElDBRuCk
gEilENkiRChEN
holzDoRf
hopSTEN
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STolBERg
WiTTmuND
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	n	l 
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nEtHERLands

piSA
RomE
SESTo CAlENDE
viTERBo

n	
		l 
PORtugaL

AmSTERDAm
DEN hElDER

EvoRA

mADRiD

moSCoW

Russia
	n 
sPain
	n 
unitEd kingdOM
		l	l 
BENSoN
 u		
BRiNkWoRTh
		n	s	t  BuRgESS hill
		l 
		l 
		l 

CulDRoSE
lyNEhAm
yEovilToN

miDDLe east
QataR
n 
DohA
unitEd aRaB EMiRatEs
n 
DuBAi

asia
cHina
n 
india
l	s 
l 

zhuhAi

BANgAloRE
goNDiA
RAE BAREli

JaPan
l	
MaLaysia
	n 

okiNAWA

kuAlA lumpuR
lANgkAWi

singaPORE
n	

SiNgApoRE

oceania
austRaLia
	s 
t	s 
t	
	l	 
	l 
	l	l	 
s	n 

BRiSBANE
CANBERRA
mElBouRNE
NoWRA
oAkEy
RiChmoND
SyDNEy

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  11

RICHMOND •

CANBERRA •

MELBOURNE •

• SYDNEY
• NOWRA

• OKINAWA

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  11

• OKINAWA

 
	  
 
	  
  
training  
and Services
civil

iN AN iNDuSTRy ExpERiENCiNg gRoWTh, 
CAE iS oNE STEp AhEAD, ThANkS To  
A gRoWiNg gloBAl fooTpRiNT, A  
lEADiNg poSiTioN iN EmERgiNg mARkETS,  
AN iNCREASiNg ‘BANDWiDTh’ of SERviCES 
TARgETiNg All mARkET SEgmENTS AND 
ExpANDiNg AlliANCES AND pARTNERShipS 
WiTh oEms, AiRCRAfT opERAToRS  
AND govERNmENTS. 

With 24 training centres on five continents, CAE has the broadest global 
reach in training.

One step ahead

CAE is a step ahead  
of its competitors as  
the only industry player to provide 
training services and solutions to  
every market segment, including 
commercial, business, regional  
and general aviation as well as  
the helicopter market.

anOtHER yEaR OF gROWtH

Strong growth continues throughout CAE’s Training  
and Services/Civil network, with more than $450 million 
in contracts and average Revenue Simulator Equivalent 
units up nearly 10 per cent. our training solutions cover  
every segment of aviation and last year more than 
50,000 crewmembers trained in our global network 
of 24 training centres. A global leader, CAE continues 
to expand its training resources to meet burgeoning 
worldwide demand through partnerships with major 
airlines, long-term contracts with key business jet 
operators, alliances with leading aircraft manufacturers, 
and its own pilot provisioning services.

aHEad in cOMMERciaL aviatiOn  

CAE’s commercial training capacity in Europe  
increased in the Netherlands and the u.k. with the 
addition of simulator bays. in North America, contracts 

were signed with Air Canada and upS for training centre operation services. We expanded our CAE 
global Academy and signed up new airlines for our pilot provisioning services. in emerging Asian markets, 
we increased our presence significantly, starting to build a new training centre in india, partnering with the 
indian government for two pilot academies, establishing kuala lumpur as our training hub with partner 
AirAsia as anchor customer, and expanding the training centre in China from 10 simulator bays to 18.

cOvERing tHE MaRkEt in BusinEss aviatiOn   

We started expanding our training programs to address 90 per cent of business aviation and cover all  
major oEms. New simulators augment Burgess hill’s capacity; we added two training programs in Dubai 
and in the u.S., the North East Training Centre officially opened and plans for expansion have already been 
announced. The Company’s customer network is also growing, with new training alliances and contracts 
with oEms such as Bombardier, Dassault and Embraer.  

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  12

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  12

training  
and Services
civil

Everything we do is aimed at enhancing our customers’  
operational safety and efficiency because when it comes to safe 
flight, there’s only one place to be, and that’s one step ahead.

ExPanding OuR caPaBiLitiEs tHROugH innOvatiOn 

Through our innovation group, we are actively identifying high potential growth opportunities in markets  
that are new, emerging and adjacent to our core business of simulation and training. Two projects coming  
out of innovation include the acquisition of flightscape, a company specializing in flight data analysis and  
flight sciences, and medical training initiatives. in fiscal 2008, we designed, developed and deployed beta 
simulation-based courseware with a leading healthcare institution. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  13

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  13

Simulation 
Products
civil

The new CAE 5000 Series full-flight simulator was designed  
specifically to address emerging training requirements and markets

ARouND ThE WoRlD, CAE lEADS ThE WAy iN ThE SAlE of Civil AviATioN SimulATioN  
EquipmENT ThAT ENhANCES flighT SAfETy AND opERATioNAl EffiCiENCy. ovER 110 AiRliNES, 
ThiRD-pARTy TRAiNiNg CENTRES AND oEms REly oN CAE foR ExpERTiSE iN SimulATioN  
pRoDuCTS ThAT ARE oNE STEp AhEAD.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  14

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  14

One step ahead

From desktop trainers 
and three-dimensional 
training devices to CAE 5000 Series 
and CAE 7000 Series full-flight  
simulators, CAE provides a training 
experience so real co-pilots often 
make their first flight in an actual  
aircraft with passengers on board.

Simulation  
Products
civil

addREssing ‘REaL’ nEEds

Sales continue near record levels at CAE, with  
orders for 37 full-flight simulators in fiscal year 2008. 
We’ve sold 900 simulators and training devices since 
inception, and current market forecasts augur future 
growth. With air traffic expected to double in the next  
20 years and a growing pilot shortage pressing new 
pilots into service quickly, true fidelity and greater 
realism in the training environment are crucial. As the 
leader in the development of full-flight simulators, 
CAE is uniquely suited to the task. We simulate most 
modern airliners, regional jets, and many business jets. 
And we apply our leading-edge technology across the 
industry’s broadest range of training solutions. 

tEcHnOLOgicaL FiRsts  

CAE True™ Environment offers a realistic and immersive  
air traffic control environment

Staying one step ahead means offering technologies 
that provide the realism required for better training and  
safer skies – a need reflected in upcoming flight simulator training device regulations from the international 
Civil Aviation organization (iCAo). CAE responded in fiscal year 2008 with a number of technological firsts:
n   CAE’s leading-edge visual simulation using liquid crystal on silicon displays and its more authentic  

CAE True™ electric motion system both achieved level D certification.  

n   We launched CAE True™ Airport, which will provide up-to-the-minute visual databases on demand, 

and CAE True™ Environment for air traffic control simulation.

n   The new CAE 5000 Series full-flight simulator is now certified to level D and is training pilots at CAE and  

customer training centres in the u.k., germany and Australia. 

nEW aiRcRaFt FiRsts    

CAE continues to lead the industry with prototype simulators for new aircraft: 
n   first falcon 7x simulators are now certified to level D
n   first simulators for the Embraer phenom 100 and 300 are now in production
n   first B747-8 simulator is in development
n   first ARJ-21 simulator for China’s ‘flying phoenix’ aircraft is in production
n   first Boeing 787 full-flight simulators ordered by leading international airlines,  

including Japan Airlines, qantas, China Eastern, and Continental, are in development

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  15

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  15

 
 
Simulation 
Products
Military

Creating and correlating  
databases once took weeks or months. 

One step ahead

Now these tasks can be performed in minutes  
or hours, with the single synthetic representation 
of the world provided by CAE’s Common database 
(CdB). the CdB was put into action this year  
on a CAE-built MH-47G simulator, helping the  
u.S. Special Operations Command stay one step 
ahead in using simulation for mission rehearsal.

WhEThER ThE goAl iS SEAmlESS iNTERopERABiliTy AmoNg AlliES, pREpARATioN  
foR opERATioNAl CommiTmENTS oR miSSioN SuCCESS, miliTARy foRCES ARouND  
ThE WoRlD STAy oNE STEp AhEAD WiTh ADvANCED moDElliNg AND SimulATioN  
TEChNologiES AND TRAiNiNg SoluTioNS fRom CAE. 

MORE PREsEnt tHan EvER in tHE u.s.

CAE was awarded record new military contracts totalling over $745 million in fiscal year 2008. A significant 
portion of them came from the world’s largest defence market, the united States, where we continued  
to expand our presence with strong order growth in key programs, including the u.S. Navy mh-60S,  
mh-60R, and p-8A poseidon. Beyond sales, we also marked important milestones in the u.S.:
n   Delivery of an mh-47 combat mission simulator to the Special operation forces
n   first implementation of the Common Database (CDB) with the u.S. Army

MORE PROtOtyPEs FOR MORE OEMs

quality, innovation, reliability and service are the hallmarks  
of CAE’s activities. The result is that we have become  
the supplier of choice for several manufacturers, and our  
relationships continue to grow. over the course of the year, 
we have signed contracts and agreements to develop  
prototype simulators with a variety of oEms, including:
n   Alenia Aermacchi for the m-346 advanced lead-in  

fighter trainer

n   Boeing for the p-8A poseidon maritime patrol aircraft
n   korean Aerospace industries (kAi) for a generic  

helicopter handling qualities simulator and support  
for the korean Navy’s p-3C orion training systems

n   hindustan Aeronautics limited (hAl) for several variants 
of the hAl-built DhRuv helicopter as part of the planned 
hAl-CAE helicopter training centre in india.

CAE was selected as the preferred simulator supplier for  
Alenia Aermacchi’s new m-346 advanced lead-in fighter trainer

gLOBaL FOOtPRint

With operations in Canada, the u.S., the u.k., germany, india and Australia, as well as personnel  
on military bases in these countries, CAE is one step ahead in being an ideal partner for oEms who  
are selling equipment internationally.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  16

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  16

Simulation 
Products
Military

CAE played a key role in the design and development  
of the first Nh90 full-mission simulator for germany

MORE cOntRacts FOR tHE nH90

CAE has provided military training systems and services for the defence forces of more than 50 nations and  
is the global leader in rotary-wing, transport aircraft, and maritime patrol aircraft training solutions. our success 
in international helicopter markets continued through the year with new Nh90 program contracts:
n   CAE to provide mRh90 training systems to Australian Defence forces
n   CAE to provide Nh90 virtual maintenance trainers for the german Armed forces
n   Through our new joint venture with Thales called helicopter Training media international (hTmi),  

we are developing an Nh90 simulator for the french Air force

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  17

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  17

training  
and Services
Military

y
m
A

r

.

.

S
u

f

o

y
s
e
t
r
u
o
c

o
t
o
h
p

CAE provides a range of training support services to  
military customers at more than 60 sites around the world

iNgENuiTy, iNNovATioN AND DEDiCATioN To ANTiCipATiNg CuSTomER NEEDS ARE  
ThE ToolS CAE EmployS To STAy oNE STEp AhEAD. ThE RESulT iS A ComplETE ARSENAl  
of TuRNkEy miliTARy TRAiNiNg SoluTioNS AND CuTTiNg-EDgE SuppoRT SERviCES. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  18

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  18

 
 
 
 
CAE is leveraging its modelling  
and simulation capabilities across 

One step ahead

new applications to develop analytical and  
decision support tools for planning, training,  
and responding to natural or man-made disasters. 
With CAE Professional Services, frontline responders 
will be one step ahead in dealing with crises.

training  
and Services
Military

WORLd-cLass, WORLdWidE sOLutiOns and suPPORt

CAE is a leading provider of training support services, from simulator instruction and maintenance  
to logistics support and training needs analysis. CAE also offers comprehensive military flight and  
maintenance training from its training centres:
n   in Tampa (u.S.), for operators of the C-130h hercules aircraft
n   At RAf Benson (u.k.), home to CAE’s medium Support  

helicopter Aircrew Training facility (mShAfT)

n   in Sesto Calende (italy), for AgustaWestland helicopters  

including the A109 and AW139

n   And in germany, CAE and an industry consortium are  

building three new training centres that will provide Nh90 
helicopter training starting in the summer of 2008.

tRaining aMERica’s c-130J aiRcREW FOR succEss 

Teaming with lockheed martin, CAE uSA provides a host of 
services for the u.S. Air force C-130J maintenance and Aircrew 
Training System (mATS). These services include training that 
spans the entire spectrum of C-130J aircrew instruction for 
pilots and loadmasters, from initial mission qualification and  
conversion training to instructor upgrade and refresher training, 
and a comprehensive suite of services for maintenance training.  
in just four years, the team has created and developed initial courseware, new training syllabi, and  
authored original computer-based training programs to fully complement the training that students 
receive on the CAE-built C-130J devices, including the cockpit procedures trainer, avionics systems 
management trainer, fuselage trainer, and weapon system trainers. 

CAE is a leading provider of Ch-47 Chinook  
simulation and training systems

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  19

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  19

CAE  
Professional  
Services  
& Presagis

Presagis
Commercial-off-the-shelf (CoTS) technology is the 
way of the future, and CAE is ahead of the pack  
with presagis, a world leader in CoTS modelling, 
simulation and embedded display graphics software. 
presagis was created when CAE acquired and  
combined Engenuity Technologies, multigen-paradigm 
and TERREx with its existing CoTS software team. 

kEy initiativE: ExPanding aPPLicatiOns

CAE is leveraging its capabilities and expertise  
to expand its modelling and simulation activities  
beyond aviation. Now CAE’s products and services 
are helping new customers stay one step ahead.

caE Professional services
To be one step ahead, first responders plan and train 
to be ready for emergencies at major events like the 
olympic games, or crises such as terrorist attacks, 
train derailments, floods, earthquakes and pandemics. 
These are just some examples of how CAE professional 
Services is applying modelling and simulation technology 
and expertise developed for military forces to homeland 
security and other emerging markets.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  20

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  20
CAE Annual Report 2008  |  20

Pilot 
Provisioning 

kEy initiativE: addREssing tHE gLOBaL 
cREW sHORtagE

With the global jet fleet expected to almost double  
in the next 20 years, the industry estimates demand  
for new pilots at 18,000 annually. CAE’s pilot provisioning  
initiatives represent a dramatic step ahead to help 
remedy that shortage. 

Producing qualified pilots, quickly
CAE is producing pilots through two pilot provisioning 
streams: CAE global Academy, a worldwide network 
of flight training organizations that provides high-quality 
first officers to the airlines every year through ab-initio 
programs, and the industry stream, by which CAE 
provides experienced pilots to the airlines via effective 
and efficient recruiting and training programs.

caE global academy
We’re continuing to expand our network of ab-initio  
training partners to become more and more global  
and to complement our CAE training centre network.  

CAE global Academy now provides ab-initio flight  
training in the emerging markets of Asia, india and  
China, where the pilot shortage is critical, and we are 
moving another step ahead by introducing standardized  
multi-Crew pilot license (mpl) training. The addition  
of new schools has brought CAE global Academy  
capacity up from 600 to 1,000 new cadets a year. 

industry stream
We are continuing to increase the number of airlines 
and geographic regions served by our pilot provisioning  
services. We are under contract with numerous airlines  
to recruit, qualify, and train pilot candidates for them to 
eventually hire. We maintain a database of thousands of 
current first-officers and captains. Whether airlines need 
to fill just a few positions or are looking to outsource 
their entire recruitment and training program, we are 
ready to respond. more than 700 new pilots have been 
sourced, recruited, trained and placed with more than 
10 customer airlines in the last 12 months alone. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  21

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  21

Emerging  
Markets  

kEy initiativE: ExPanding gEOgRaPHicaLLy 

Asia needs infrastructure and state-of-the-art flight 
training standards to be one step ahead in aviation.  
CAE is providing both, emerging as the prime mover 
in the world’s fastest growing air-travel markets.

One step ahead in asian markets
CAE’s Asian presence has climbed dramatically since 
it sold india and China their first simulators in 1970 
and 1988, respectively. in the last five years alone, 
sales have doubled in China, and jumped sevenfold  
in india, and CAE continues to be the leader in  
these markets.

a larger footprint in training
in india, CAE’s Bangalore Training Centre is in  
development, as is national flight academy Rajiv  
gandhi National flying Training institute, owned  

by CAE and the government of india. CAE is also 
managing the indian government’s flight training  
academy indira gandhi Rashtriya uran Akademi. in 
malaysia, CAE partnered with AirAsia to build a training 
centre of excellence in kuala lumpur, CAE’s newly  
selected Southeast Asian training hub. And in China,  
CAE and China Southern are expanding their joint venture  
training centre in zhuhai from 10 to 18 simulator bays.  

greater access
on the military side, we acquired one of india’s leading 
simulation technology companies. CAE-macmet will 
give CAE greater access to the indian defence market. 
We are also developing a helicopter training centre  
in Bangalore with joint venture partner hindustan 
Aeronautics limited. The centre will offer both civil  
and military pilot and maintenance training services.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  22

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  22
CAE Annual Report 2008  |  22

Bandwidth  

our training solutions leverage the broadest array  
of simulation technologies, from virtual aircraft  
on laptops, to integrated procedures trainers and  
CAE 5000 and 7000 Series full-flight simulators.  

By offering synthetic environments that are truly 
authentic and training curricula and courseware that 
are truly innovative, and by leveraging our simulation 
technologies across the training continuum, we  
are providing a learning experience that is more  
practical, real-world and operationally oriented.  
We are taking the next steps to safer skies. 

ExPanding ‘BandWidtH’: tHE nExt stEPs

CAE is leveraging its capabilities, technologies  
and global footprint to create an ever broadening, 
increasingly comprehensive array of products and 
services covering all market segments. Diversity and 
balance are critical strategies to increase our value 
proposition to customers, to bring stability and to 
increase shareholder value. 

in civil and military markets, across all market  
segments and around the world, CAE sources, 
recruits, selects and trains would-be cadets from  
ab-initio to type rating; expedites veteran pilots  
from the right to the left-hand seat; and provides crew 
placement. And we offer more, from technical, cabin 
crew and dispatcher training to training  
centre management, e-learning curricula, simulator 
maintenance services and flight-recorder data 
analysis, maintenance and flight operations.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  23

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  23

Community

Raising Funds, HOusEs and HOPE 

CAE employees are playing, building and  
organizing their way to a better world by  
helping their communities get one step ahead.

getting involved
from pee-wee hockey in the middle East to  
Aussie-vs-kiwi air force rugby, from ‘adopting’ 
needy families for the holidays and Christmas  
toy drives to educational scholarships and school 
breakfast programs, CAE and its employees  
get involved, through sponsorships, fundraising  
and hard work. 

in fiscal year 2008:
n   CAE germany and its employees donated  

to help needy and sick children.

n   CAE Amsterdam provided a local hospice  

with a car for needed transportation.

n   CAE Simuflite employees in Dallas helped  
build a home through a local habitat for  
humanity project.

n   CAE india hosted a multi-cultural Ethnic Day  
to build bridges between the communities.

n   CAE montreal and employees held an  

award-winning, record-breaking campaign  
for Centraide, an affiliate of the united Way. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  24

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  24

Financial 
Review

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  25

  1.  HigHligHts 

  2.  intRoduCtion 

  3.  About CAE 

  3.1   Who we are 
  3.2  our vision 
  3.3  our strategy and key performance drivers 
  3.4  Capability to execute strategy and deliver results 
  3.5  our operations 
  3.6  Foreign exchange 
  3.7  non-gAAP and other financial measures 

  4.  ConsolidAtEd REsults 

  4.1  Results of our operations – fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 
  4.2  Results of our operations – fiscal 2008 
  4.3  Results of our operations – fiscal 2007 vs fiscal 2006 
  4.4  Earnings excluding non-recurring items 
  4.5    government cost-sharing 
  4.6   Consolidated orders and backlog 

  5.  REsults by sEgmEnt 
  5.1  Civil segments 
  5.2  military segments 

  6.  ConsolidAtEd CAsH movEmEnts And liquidity 

  6.1  Consolidated cash movements 
  6.2  sources of liquidity 
  6.3  Contractual obligations 

  7.  ConsolidAtEd FinAnCiAl Position 
  7.1  Consolidated capital employed 
  7.2  variable interest entities 
  7.3  off balance sheet arrangements 
  7.4  Financial instruments 

  8.  ACquisitions, businEss CombinAtions And divEstituREs 

  8.1  Acquisitions 
  8.2  discontinued operations 

  9.  businEss Risk And unCERtAinty 

 10.  CHAngEs in ACCounting stAndARds 

  10.1  significant changes in accounting standards – fiscal 2006 to 2008 
  10.2  Future changes in accounting standards 
  10.3  Critical accounting estimates 

 11.  subsEquEnt EvEnt 

 12.  ContRols And PRoCEduREs 

  12.1  Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures 
  12.2  internal control over financial reporting 

27

30

31 
31 
31 
31 
34 
34 
37 
38

40 
40 
41 
43 
44 
46 
46

47 
48 
51

54 
54 
55 
55

56 
56 
58 
58 
59

60 
60 
60

61

64 
64 
65 
66

69

69 
69 
69

 13.  ovERsigHt RolE oF Audit CommittEE And boARd oF diRECtoRs  69

 14.  AdditionAl inFoRmAtion 

 15.  sElECtEd FinAnCiAl inFoRmAtion 

69

70

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

for the fourth quarter and year ended March 31, 2008

1.  HIGHLIGHTS 

FINANCIAL 

FouRtH quARtER oF FisCAl 2008

Higher revenue over last quarter and year over year
 –

Consolidated revenue was $366.6 million this quarter, $21.8 million higher than last quarter and $29.3 million higher than the same 
quarter last year.

Higher earnings and earnings per share from continuing operations over last quarter and year over year
 –

Earnings from continuing operations were $47.0 million (or $0.19 per share) this quarter, compared to $40.1 million (or $0.16 per 
share) last quarter, and $35.1 million (or $0.14 per share) in the fourth quarter of last year.

Positive free cash flow 1 at $89.4 million
 –

net cash provided by continuing operations was $130.9 million this quarter, including a positive impact from non-cash working 
capital  accounts  as  it  is  normally  the  case  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  the  year.  net  cash  provided  by  continuing  operations  
was $61.0 million last quarter and $92.2 million in the fourth quarter of last year;
Capital expenditures were $48.3 million this quarter, compared to $21.1 million last quarter and $33.8 million in the fourth quarter 
of last year;
non-recourse financing 

2 of $16.0 million was raised this quarter.

 –

 –

FisCAl 2008
Higher revenue year over year
 –

Consolidated revenue was $1,423.6 million this year, $172.9 million or 14% higher than last year.

Higher earnings, net earnings and earnings per share 
 –

Earnings from continuing operations were $164.8 million (or $0.65 per share) this year, compared to $129.1 million (or $0.51 per 
share) last year;
net earnings higher than last year by $25.3 million or 20%, despite a loss from discontinued operations of $12.1 million.

 –

Positive free cash flow at $173.4 million 
 –
 –
 –

net cash provided by continuing operations was $260.9 million this year, compared to $239.3 million last year;
Capital expenditures were $189.5 million this year, compared to $158.1 million last year; 
non-recourse financing of $137.7 million this year, compared to $34.0 million last year.

Capital employed 3 is higher in support of our growth initiatives
 –
 –
 –
 –

Capital employed increased by 11% or $109.7 million this year, ending at $1,072.6 million;
Property, plant and equipment and other assets increased by $96.3 million;
non-cash working capital decreased by $20.0 million in fiscal 2008, ending at negative $138.1 million;
net debt 

4 decreased by $8.9 million this year, ending at $124.1 million.

ORDERS 
 –
 –

total order intake was $1,665.5 million, up 14% over last year;
total backlog 

5 was $2,899.9 million as at march 31, 2008, 5% higher than last year.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5 non-gAAP measure (see section 3.7).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  27

Civil segments
Training & Services/Civil awarded over $450 million in contracts 
 –

signed a 20-year agreement to become an authorized training provider for the bombardier global Express aircraft, global 5000 
aircraft, global Express XRs aircraft and bombardier Challenger 300 aircraft;
signed  a  five-year  contract  with  Flight  options  to  become  the  exclusive  provider  for  all  Flight  options  maintenance  technician 
training until 2012;
signed a series of contracts with Air Canada granting us responsibility over the airline’s toronto and vancouver centres for training 
centre operation services; 
signed  a  contract  with  first-time  customer  mooney  Airplane  Company,  to  develop  a  series  of  web-based  maintenance  
training modules;
signed a five-year agreement with Hawker Pacific to provide maintenance training for Hawker Pacific and its clients within the 
southeast Asia region; 
signed  a  three-year  contract  with  global  vectra  Helicorp  for  helicopter  training  as  well  as  a  training  contract  with  united  Arab 
Emirates’ Empire Aviation group and Prestige Jet for business jet training at the Emirates-CAE Flight training Centre (ECFt);
signed  a  contract  valued  at  more  than  $50  million  over  the  next  10  years  with  AirAsia  which  gives  CAE  the  responsibility  of 
managing the pilot training for all of AirAsia’s current and future pilots;  
signed a five-year contract with dassault Falcon Jet as a preferred provider for maintenance training for dassault employees;
signed a five-year contract with first-time customer sentient, to exclusively cover the expansion which resulted from sentient’s 
acquisition of tAg usA;
signed a five-year contract with XoJEt, to support the renewal of their exclusive contract for Citation X training.

 –

 –

 –

 –

 –

 –

 –
 –

 –

Simulation Products/Civil won over $460 million of orders including 37 full-flight simulators (FFSs)
A320 FFSs
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –

one to Ansett Flight simulator Centre;
one to Air France;
one to Etihad Airways;
two to us Airways;
one to lufthansa Flight training.

B737 FFSs
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –

one to lion Air;
one to virgin blue;
one to Air Algérie; 
one to Alteon training;
one b737 FFs CAE 5000 series to qantas;
two b737-800 FFss to Xiamen Airlines.

B747 (400 and – 8 models) FFSs
 –
one to nippon Cargo Airlines;
 –
one to Cargolux international Airlines;
 –
one to Alteon training;
 –
one to lufthansa Flight training.

B777 FFSs
 –
 –
 –

one to Emirates;
one to virgin blue;
one to delta Airlines.

B787 FFSs
 –
 –

two to Japan Airlines;
one to Continental Airlines.

A330/340 FFSs
 –
 –
 –

one A330/340 FFs to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA);
one A330 FFs to us Airways; 
one A330 FFs to an undisclosed international airline customer.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  28

Other
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –

one Embraer 190 FFs to Flight training Finance;
two b757 FFss to an undisclosed customer;
one Embraer 145 FFs to Hainan Airlines;
one undisclosed FFs platform to Alteon training;
two Phenom 100 FFss CAE 5000 series to the Embraer CAE training services joint venture;
one Emb-190 FFs to Hainan Airlines;
one bombardier global Express FFs to ECFt;
one dash 8 q400 FFs CAE 5000 series to lufthansa Flight training;
one Hawker beechcraft FFs CAE 5000 series to ECFt.

Military segments
Simulation Products/Military won orders for $530 million for new training systems and upgrades 
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two mRH90 full flight and mission simulators (FFmss) and training facilities for the Australian defence Forces;
one C-130H and one kdC-10 full mission simulators (Fmss) for the Royal netherlands Air Force;
one s-70b seahawk and one As332 super Puma helicopter simulators for the Republic of singapore Air Force;
one prototype m-346 flight training device (Ftd) to provide the initial training Capability for Alenia Aermacchi’s new m-346 advanced 
lead-in fighter trainer aircraft; 
one nH90 full mission simulator (Fms) for the French Air Force. the contract was awarded to Helicopter training media international, 
a joint venture in which CAE holds 50% ownership;
one handling qualities simulator to korean Aerospace industries (kAi);
increased scope for the integration of the Eurofighter full mission simulator (Fms) and cockpit trainer;
one mH-60R tactical operational flight trainer (toFt) for the u.s. navy;
one mH-60s operational flight trainer (oFt) for the u.s. navy;
one mH-60s oFt and one mH-60s weapons tactics trainer (Wtt) for the u.s. navy;
one prototype P-8A oFt for boeing’s new P-8A Poseidon maritime patrol and anti-submarine warfare aircraft;
Concurrency upgrades on the C-130J and kC-130J simulators operated by the u.s. Air Force, u.s. marine Corps and u.k. Royal 
Air Force;
modification of two CH-53 simulators for the german Army Aviation school in bueckeburg;
software upgrade for the C-130J device suite provided to the british Royal Air Force;
software upgrade for the u.s. Air Force C-130J device suite;
upgrades for the u.s. navy’s mH-60s and P-3C oFts.

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Training & Services/Military awarded contracts for more than $210 million
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Continuation  of  avionics  software  upgrades,  integrated  logistics  support  and  data  management  services  for  the  Canadian  
Forces’ CF-18 aircraft;
Contractor logistics and maintenance support for the lAsAR and mH-47 devices provided to the u.s. special Forces operations;
maintenance and support services for the Royal netherlands Air Forces’ C-130H and kdC-10 full mission simulators;
maintenance  and  support  services  for  the  nAto  Airborne  Early  Warning  and  Control  Force’s  E3A  AWACs  simulator,  located  
in Europe;
simulator maintenance and support services to the 160
Contractor  logistics,  engineering  maintenance,  pilot  instruction,  courseware  development  and  training  system  support  for  the 
C-130J for the u.s. Air Force.

th special operation Aviation Regiment – Airborne for the u.s. Army;

ACQUISITIONS AND JOINT VENTURES
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integration into our results of Engenuity technologies inc. (Engenuity) acquired as of April 13, 2007. Engenuity develops commercial-
off-the-shelf (Cots) simulation and visualization software for the aerospace and defence markets;
integration into our results of multigen-Paradigm inc. (multigen) acquired as of may 10, 2007. multigen is a supplier of real-time 
Cots software for creating and visualizing solutions and creates industry standard visual simulation file formats;
integration  into  our  results  of  76%  of  the  outstanding  shares  of  macmet  technologies  limited  (macmet)  acquired  as  of  
July 11, 2007. macmet is a company based in bangalore, india which assembles, repairs and upgrades flight simulators, tank  
and gunnery trainers, as well as develops software required for simulations;
integration into our results of Flightscape inc. (Flightscape) acquired as of August 29, 2007. Flightscape provides expertise in flight 
data analysis and flight sciences and develops software solutions that enable the effective study and understanding of recorded 
flight data to improve safety, maintenance and flight operations.

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CAE Annual Report 2008  |  29

2.  INTRODUCTION 
in this report, we, us, our, CAE and company refer to CAE inc. and its subsidiaries. unless we have indicated otherwise:
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This year
Last year, prior year 
dollar amounts are in Canadian dollars.

and a year ago mean the fiscal year ended march 31, 2007;

 and 2008 mean the fiscal year ending march 31, 2008;

this report was prepared as of may 14, 2008, and includes our management’s discussion and analysis (md&A), consolidated financial 
statements and notes for the year and the three-month period ended march 31, 2008. We have written it to help you understand our 
business, performance and financial condition for fiscal 2008. Except as otherwise indicated, all financial information has been 
reported according to Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (gAAP). 

For additional information, please refer to our annual consolidated financial statements for this fiscal year, which you will find in this 
annual report for the year ended march 31, 2008. the md&A provides you with a view of CAE as seen through the eyes of management 
and helps you understand the company from a variety of perspectives: 
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our vision, our strategy and key performance drivers;
our operations;
Foreign exchange;
Financial measures;
Acquisitions, business combinations and divestitures;
business risk and uncertainty;
Controls and procedures;
the oversight role of the Audit Committee and board of directors.

you  will  find  our  most  recent  annual  report  and  annual  information  form  (AiF)  on  our  website  at  www.cae.com,  on  sEdAR  at  
www.sedar.com or on EdgAR at www.sec.gov.

ABOUT MATERIAL INFORMATION
this report includes the information we believe is material to investors after considering all circumstances, including potential market 
sensitivity. We consider something to be material if: 
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it results in, or would reasonably be expected to result in, a significant change in the market price or value of our shares, or;
it is quite likely that a reasonable investor would consider the information to be important in making an investment decision.

ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
this report includes forward-looking statements about our markets, future financial performance, business strategy, plans, goals and 
objectives. Forward-looking statements normally contain words like believe, expect, anticipate, intend, continue, estimate, may, will, 
should and similar expressions.

We  have  based  these  statements  on  estimates  and  assumptions  that  we  believed  were  reasonable  when  the  statements  were 
prepared. our actual results could be substantially different because of the risks and uncertainties associated with our business, or 
because of events that are announced or completed after the date of this report, including mergers, acquisitions, other business 
combinations  and  divestitures.  you  will  find  more  information  about  the  risks  and  uncertainties  associated  with  our  business  in 
Business risk and uncertainty in this md&A.

We do not update or revise forward-looking information even if new information becomes available unless legislation requires us to do 
so. you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  30

3.  ABOUT CAE 
3.1 Who we are
CAE is a world leader in providing simulation and modelling technologies and integrated training services to the civil aviation industry 
and defence forces around the globe.

We  design,  manufacture  and  supply  simulation  equipment  and  provide  training  and  services.  this  includes  integrated  modelling, 
simulation and training solutions for commercial airlines, business aircraft operators, aircraft manufacturers and military organizations, 
and a global network of training centres for pilots, and in some instances, cabin crew and maintenance workers. 

our full-flight simulators (FFss) replicate aircraft performance in a full array of situations and environmental conditions. sophisticated 
visual systems simulate hundreds of airports around the world, as well as a wide range of landing areas and flying environments. 
these work with motion and sound to create a realistic training environment for pilots and crews at all levels. 

Founded  in  1947  and  headquartered  in  montreal,  Canada,  CAE  has  built  an  excellent  reputation  and  long-standing  customer 
relationships based on more than 60 years of experience, strong technical capabilities, a highly trained workforce and global reach. 
CAE employs approximately 6,000 people at more than 75 sites and training locations in 20 countries. Approximately 93% of CAE’s 
annual revenues come from worldwide exports and international activities.

CAE’s common shares are listed on the following exchanges:
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toronto stock Exchange, under the symbol 
new york stock Exchange, under the symbol 

CAE;

CGT.

3.2 Our vision
our vision is to be a world leader in modelling, simulation and technical training to enhance safety and to lower risk and costs in 
complex environments.

We  are  ranked  number  one  or  two  in  the  world  in  most  of  our  core  businesses,  but  competition  is  intense  and  maintaining  our 
technological leadership and cost effectiveness is key to continued success. We have been successful at changing the way we do 
business, strengthening our financial position and building a solid foundation for creating shareholder value in the future. 

our focus continues to be to position CAE for growth and to move ahead in achieving our vision.

3.3 Our strategy and key performance drivers
Our strategy
We have transformed ourselves over the past few years, evolving from a supplier of equipment, primarily in north America, to a global 
provider of integrated training solutions. We have diversified our interests between civil and military markets, and among the various 
regions of the world. in fiscal 2008, approximately 60% of our revenues were generated outside north America and those originating 
in high growth areas like Asia, the middle East and south America have grown by approximately 25% over last year. by continuing to 
grow the proportion of our civil and military training and services activity, we believe CAE will benefit from results that are increasingly 
more stable and predictable. We are continuing to execute our growth strategy by prudently and purposefully investing to meet the 
long-term needs of our aerospace and defence customers.

to achieve this, our 2008 priorities included:
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diversifying our revenues across businesses and regions for more stability;
sustaining our healthy financial position;
Continuing to engage our employees;
improving customer intimacy and satisfaction;
launching new technologies;  
strengthening our relationships with original equipment manufacturers;
implementing our emerging market strategy and executing our pilot provisioning initiative.

Diversifying our revenues across businesses and regions for more stability
Revenue from our two military segments combined for 43% of consolidated revenue and the civil segments represented the balance 
of 57%. Combined training and services revenue from both civil and military segments totalled 43%, while products represented 57%. 
Approximately 60% of our revenues were generated outside north America and those originating in high-growth areas like Asia, the 
middle East and south America have grown by approximately 25% over last year. by continuing to grow the proportion of our civil 
and military training and services activity in a diversified market, we believe CAE should benefit from results that are increasingly more 
stable and predictable.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  31

Sustaining our healthy financial position
our net debt at the end of the year was $124.1 million, representing a net debt to total financing ratio of 25% (after adjustment for 
operating leases).

Continuing to engage our employees
in  march  2007,  we  conducted  an  employee  survey  to  measure  the  level  of  employee  engagement,  as  well  as  the  key  concepts 
identified as critical to CAE. Results released  in the first quarter of fiscal 2008 showed that overall, employee engagement  levels 
significantly improved since our last survey in 2004. in fact, our employee engagement levels increased from 42% in 2004 to 72% in 
2007. CAE is committed to continually improving our performance and developing internal strategies to support our success. our 
commitment and efforts were recognized in october 2007, when we were chosen as one of Canada’s top 100 Employers, one of 
montreal’s top 15 Employers, as well as being chosen by the Financial Post as one of Canada’s 10 best Companies to Work For and 
as one of the country’s best Employers for new Canadians by mediacorp Canada. CAE’s most valuable asset is its employees, and 
these awards recognize their efforts to make CAE a company of the highest calibre. 

Improving customer intimacy and satisfaction
CAE’s customer advisory boards and technical advisory boards involve airlines and operators worldwide. by listening carefully to 
customers, we are able to gain a deep understanding of their needs and respond with innovative product and service offerings that 
help improve the safety and efficiency of their operations.

Launching new technologies
during fiscal 2008, the first CAE 5000 series FFs, an A320 FFs located at CAE’s burgess Hill training centre in the united kingdom, 
achieved level d certification, the highest qualification for flight simulators by the u.k.’s Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). in addition,  
we expanded the technology and applied it to other platforms.

Strengthening our relationships with original equipment manufacturers
We provide training solutions for most major aircraft platforms manufactured by the world’s leading original equipment manufacturers 
(oEms). in addition to our long-standing relationships with boeing and Airbus, we have furthered our involvement with Embraer with 
the formation of a joint venture for training on the new Phenom 100 and 300 light jets. As well, we have achieved an industry first with 
the receipt of level d certification for two CAE-built dassault Falcon 7X FFss, which form part of an entitlement training agreement 
with dassault. We entered a 20-year agreement with bombardier under which CAE became bombardier’s authorized training provider 
for the global Express and Challenger 300 aircraft. We also established a close relationship with korean Aerospace industries (kAi). 
We  are  designing  and  manufacturing  a  generic  handling  qualities  simulator  to  be  used  as  an  integral  part  of  the  kAi-led  korean 
Helicopter Program development. in addition, we are assisting kAi with the development of P-3C training systems for the korean 
navy. Finally, we were awarded one prototype m-346 flight training device to provide the initial training capability for Alenia Aermacchi’s 
new m-346 advanced lead-in fighter trainer aircraft.

Implementing our emerging market strategy and executing our pilot provisioning initiative 
We signed a contract to become the managing partner of the indian government’s flight training academy: indira gandhi Rashtriya 
uran Akademi (igRuA). We also formalized and signed a joint venture agreement with the Airport Authority of india (AAi) to develop 
the Rajiv gandhi national Flying training institute (RgnFti). both igRuA and RgnFti are expected to become members of the CAE 
global Academy, subject to agreement on the terms and conditions of membership. this will increase the CAE global Academy 
capacity by 400 students.

Key performance drivers
We have defined 10 key attributes that give us a competitive advantage and drive our performance.

Technological leadership
We  pride  ourselves  on  our  technological  leadership.  Pilots  around  the  world  view  our  simulation  as  the  closest  thing  to  the  true 
experience of flight. CAE has consistently led the evolution of flight training and simulation systems technology with a number of 
industry firsts. We have simulated the entire range of large civil aircraft, a large number of the leading regional and business aircraft 
and a number of civil helicopters. We are an industry leader in providing simulation and training solutions for fixed-wing transport 
aircraft, maritime patrol aircraft and helicopter platforms for the military. We also have extensive knowledge, experience and credibility 
in designing and developing simulators for prototype aircraft of major aircraft manufacturers.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  32

Product design and reliability
We design our simulators so customers can easily upgrade them, giving them more flexibility and opportunity as products change or 
new air-worthiness regulations are introduced.

our simulators are typically rated among the highest in the industry for reliability. this is a key benefit because simulators operate in 
high-duty cycles of up to 20 hours a day.

Long-term customer relationships
because of our focus on quality of service and our ability to consistently meet or exceed our customers’ standards, we have had 
many long-term relationships with major airlines and ministries of defence around the world – some even spanning decades.

Large and diversified fleet of FFSs
We operate a fleet of more than 120 FFss to meet the wide range of operational requirements of our customers. our fleet includes 
FFss for various types of aircraft from major manufacturers, including commercial jets, business jets and military helicopters.

Leveraging synergies between our products and services 
our broad array of flight training products allows us to tailor solutions to each customer’s specific requirements, which makes us unique. 
our segments work closely together because the sale of training equipment and related services are often part of the same program.

Customer support
We maintain a strong focus on after-sales support, which is often critical in winning additional sales contracts.

Global coverage
We have operations in 20 countries on five continents and sell into many more countries. this broad geographic coverage allows us 
to  respond  quickly  and  cost  effectively  to  customer  needs  and  new  business  opportunities  while  respecting  the  regulations  and 
customs of the local market. 

Training methodology
We  revolutionized  the  way  aviation  training  is  performed  when  we  introduced  our  CAE  simfinity™-based  training  solutions  and 
courseware.  We  achieved  wide  distribution  by  installing  the  high-fidelity  simulation  software  in  our  FFss  and  leveraging  this  into 
training devices and solutions that are used throughout the training cycle. this effectively brings the virtual aircraft cockpit into the 
classroom at the earliest stages of ground school training, making it a more effective and efficient training experience overall. because 
our CAE simfinity™ devices are part of a suite of fully integrated training solutions, customers can use these devices to perform any 
updates and upgrades.

Capacity to control costs
We continue to focus on becoming more efficient while lowering costs. successfully controlling costs depends on our ability to obtain 
the data, equipment, consumables and other supplies that are required to carry out our operations at competitive prices.

our global strategic sourcing group is focusing on improving long-term cost control and sourcing strategies with our major suppliers. 
it is sharing this knowledge globally across our business and implementing best practices in procurement. it is also analyzing costs 
to source supplies at the lowest cost over the life of a FFs, and this may lead to developing long-term alliances with some of our 
suppliers to ensure there is always an adequate supply of materials.

Enlarging our relationships with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)
in fiscal 2005, we signed a 20-year agreement to become the dassault authorized training provider for the Falcon 7X, the Falcon 900 EX, 
and the Falcon 2000 EX. to date, we successfully deployed the program in both our u.k. and north East training Centres, as well as 
building two Falcon 7X FFss and two Falcon 900/2000 EX FFss. As part of the program with dassault, we are delivering full wet entitlement 
training on these platforms, in addition to servicing the aircraft operator in its continued pilot and maintenance training requirements.

in  fiscal  2008,  we  signed  a  20-year  agreement  to  become  the  exclusive  authorized  training  provider  for  the  bombardier  global 
Express aircraft, global 5000 aircraft, global Express XRs aircraft and bombardier Challenger 300 aircraft. the agreement covers 
both pilot and maintenance training. under the agreement, we will build and deploy all future simulators required to support aircraft 
delivered base in our training centres, as well as delivering full wet training. to date, we deployed one global Express simulator in the 
u.k. training centre and announced that we will build a second global Express for our joint venture, the Emirates-CAE Flight training 
Centre. We will deploy one bombardier Challenger 300 aircraft in our north East training Center during fiscal 2009. We also plan to 
install another bombardier Challenger 300 aircraft in an off-shore site during fiscal 2010. 

in fiscal 2008, we formalized a joint venture agreement with Embraer to provide comprehensive pilot and ground crew training to 
Embraer customers of Phenom 100 vlJ and Phenom 300 lJ.  

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  33

3.4 Capability to execute strategy and deliver results 
our resources and processes ensure we can carry out our strategy and deliver results. We have two other attributes that are critical 
to our success:

Our financial position
At march 31, 2008, our net debt was $124.1 million, representing a net debt to total financing ratio of 25% (after adjustment for 
operating leases). With our strong balance sheet, available credit and the cash we are able to generate from operations, we have 
adequate funding in place or available to sustain our current development projects. see section 7, Consolidated financial position,  
for a more detailed discussion.

A skilled workforce and experienced management team
At  the  end  of  fiscal  2008,  we  had  approximately  6,000  employees.  the  skills  of  our  workforce  have  a  significant  impact  on  the 
efficiency  and  effectiveness  of  our  operations.  While  competition  for  well-trained  and  skilled  employees  is  high,  we  have  been 
successful at attracting and retaining people because of our quality reputation as an industry leader, our commitment to providing an 
engaging and challenging work environment and by offering competitive compensation. 

We  also  have  an  experienced  management  team  with  a  proven  track  record  in  the  aerospace  industry.  strong  leadership  and 
governance are critical to the successful implementation of our corporate strategy. We are focusing on leadership development of key 
executives and members of senior management.

3.5 Our operations

CAE serves two markets globally:
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the civil market includes aircraft manufacturers, major commercial airlines, regional airlines, business aircraft operators, helicopter 
operators, training centres and pilot provisioning;
the military market includes oEms and defence forces worldwide. 

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We manage our operations and report our results in four segments, one for products and one for services, for each market. Each 
segment is a significant contributor to our overall results.

CIVIL MARKET
Training & Services/Civil (TS/C) 
Provides business and commercial aviation training for all flight and ground personnel and all associated services
our ts/C segment is the second largest provider of civil aviation training services in the world, and serves all sectors of the market 
including general aviation, regional airlines, commercial airlines and business aviation. We also offer a full range of support services, 
such as training centre management, simulator maintenance services, spare parts inventory management, curriculum development 
and consulting services. We have achieved our leading position through acquisitions, joint ventures and by building new facilities. We 
currently have more than 120 FFss installed in more than 20 training centres around the world.  We intend to increase the number of 
revenue simulator equivalent units (RsEus) in our network to maintain our position and address new market opportunities. We are 
developing  our  training  network  to  meet  the  long-term,  steady  stream  of  recurring  training  needs  so  we  rely  less  on  new  aircraft 
deliveries to drive revenue. 

Simulation Products/Civil (SP/C)
Designs, manufactures and supplies civil flight simulation training devices and visual systems
our  sP/C  segment  is  the  world  leader  in  civil  flight  simulation.  We  design  and  manufacture  more  civil  FFss  and  visual  systems  
for  major  and  regional  carriers,  third-party  training  centres  and  oEms  than  any  other  company.  We  have  a  wealth  of  experience  
in  developing  simulators  for  new  types  of  aircraft,  including  over  20  models  in  the  past  and,  more  recently,  the  boeing  787,  
boeing 747-8, Airbus A380 and dassault Falcon 7X. We also offer a full range of support services including sales of spare parts, 
simulator updates and simulator relocations.

Market trends and outlook
We continue to have a positive outlook for the civil market because of the following trends:
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new platforms and strong aircraft backlogs;
strong demand in emerging markets;
Continued growth in revenue per passenger kilometre;
growing demand for trained crew members;
Economic factors.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  34

New platforms and strong aircraft backlogs
New aircraft platforms
oEms  are  introducing  new  platforms,  which  will  drive  worldwide  demand  for  simulators  and  training  services.  the  boeing  787,  
boeing  747-8,  Airbus  A350XWb,  Embraer  190,  dassault  Falcon  7X,  Embraer  Phenom  100  vlJ  and  300  lJ  aircraft  and  the  
Eclipse 500 vlJ are some recent examples.

new platforms will drive the demand for new kinds of simulators. one of our strategic priorities is to partner with manufacturers to 
strengthen relationships and position ourselves for future opportunities. For example, CAE has been designated as bombardier’s 
authorized training provider for the global Express, global 5000, and global Express XRs aircraft programs. CAE has also established 
a  joint  venture  with  Embraer  to  provide  comprehensive  training  for  the  new  Phenom  100  vlJ  and  Phenom  300  lJ  aircraft.  it  is 
important to note that deliveries of new model aircraft are susceptible to delays of program launches, which in turn will affect the 
timing of our orders and deliveries.

Strong aircraft orders contribute to lengthy backlogs
in calendar 2007, boeing received a total of 1,413 net orders for new aircraft and Airbus received a total of 1,341 orders. While the 
pace of order activity will likely slow in calendar 2008, their strong delivery forecast and increased production of narrow body models 
are expected to help generate opportunities for our full portfolio of training products and services. 

Strong demand in emerging markets
New and emerging markets
Emerging markets such as Asia-Pacific, the indian sub-continent and the middle East continue to experience high growth in air traffic, 
strong economic growth and an increasing liberalization of air policy and bilateral air agreements. We expect these markets to drive 
the demand for FFss and training centres. Furthermore, CAE has been introducing new products designed specifically to address 
new and emerging markets, such as the CAE 5000 series full-flight simulator and CAE truetm Environment for more realistic air traffic 
control environment simulation.

Continued growth in revenue per passenger kilometre
Steady growth in air travel
While passenger traffic growth is expected to slow slightly from the strong growth in calendar year 2007, we anticipate that steady 
growth in passenger traffic should continue for the foreseeable future. Passenger growth in calendar year 2007 increased by 7.4% 
compared to 2006 figures according to the international Air transport Association (iAtA). this is barring any major developments such 
as regional political instability, acts of terrorism, pandemics, major economic recession or other world events. in addition, the recent 
record-high oil prices are negatively affecting the profitability of commercial airline operations.

Continued success of low-cost airlines
the success of low-cost airlines continues to be a factor driving activity in the civil aviation market, and the demand for simulation 
products and training services. in calendar year 2007, low-cost airline capacity in Europe represented 30% of the total seats in market 
availability, a 6% increase over calendar year 2006, whereas low-cost flights in north America accounted for 18% of the total flight 
activity, a 17% increase over calendar year 2006. these percentages are expected to grow as low-cost airlines expand their fleet. in 
the Asia-Pacific region, low-cost airlines are likely to represent 25% market share by 2012. CAE clients such as Ryanair and indigo 
are representative of low-cost carriers expanding their fleet and capacity, thus spurring increasing demand for pilot and crew training 
equipment and CAE services such as pilot training and provisioning.

Growing demand for trained crew members
Worldwide demand is increasing
growth in the civil aviation market is continuing to drive the demand for pilots, maintenance technicians and flight attendants worldwide, 
which is creating a shortage of qualified crew members. the shortage is even more pronounced because of aging demographics, 
fewer military pilots transferring to civil airlines, and low enrolment in technical schools. Emerging markets like india and China are 
experiencing  this  even  more  severely  because  air  traffic  is  growing  at  a  more  rapid  pace  than  in  developed  countries,  and  the 
infrastructure available to meet the current and projected demand for crew members is lacking.
this creates opportunities for pilot provisioning, our turnkey service that includes recruiting, screening, selection and training. it is also 
prompting us to seek out partners to develop a global pipeline for developing and supplying pilots to meet market demand. 

A shortage is also surfacing on the maintenance technician side and has created an opportunity for CAE to accelerate its technical 
training solutions. this trend is, to a lesser degree, also affecting cabin crew, where we are also exploring new training solutions.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  35

New pilot certification process requires simulation-based training
simulation-based  pilot  certification  training  will  begin  taking  on  an  even  greater  role  with  the  new  multi-crew  Pilot  license  (mPl) 
certification  process  developed  by  the  international  Civil  Aviation  organization  (iCAo)  and  which  is  expected  to  be  approved  for 
adoption in the near future by individual national regulatory bodies. the mPl process places more emphasis on simulation-based 
training to develop ab initio students into first officers for modern aircraft. mPl is expected to be widely adopted in emerging markets 
like China, india and southeast Asia where there is the greatest requirement for a large supply of qualified pilots in the most efficient 
and effective manner. 

Economics factors
Economic growth rates continue to be supportive of demand for air travel globally, despite the economic slowing in mature markets 
like the u.s. A portion of CAE’s commercial aerospace business is dependent on markets outside north America, which continue to 
be robust. We are, however, monitoring a number of factors which could constrain growth in the broader global market: sustained 
high prices for jet fuel, which is a stress on the airline industry; the possibility of a protracted economic recession in the u.s., which 
could impact global growth; and the availability of credit resources to aircraft operators given the recent tightening of credit markets.

MILITARY MARKET
Simulation Products/Military (SP/M) 
Designs, manufactures and supplies advanced military training equipment and software tools for air forces, armies and navies
our  sP/m  segment  is  a  world  leader  in  the  design  and  production  of  military  flight  simulation  equipment.  We  develop  simulation 
equipment, training systems and software tools for a variety of military aircraft, including fast jets, helicopters and maritime patrol and 
transport aircraft. We have designed the broadest range of military helicopter simulators in the world. our military simulators provide 
high-fidelity combat environments that include interactive enemy and friendly forces, as well as weapon and sensor systems. We have 
delivered simulation products and training systems to the military forces of more than 35 countries, including all of the u.s. services. 
We have also developed more training systems for the C-130 Hercules aircraft than any other company.

Training & Services/Military (TS/M) 
Supplies turnkey training and operations solutions, support services, systems maintenance and modelling and simulation solutions
our ts/m segment provides contractor logistics support, maintenance services and simulator training at over 60 sites around the 
world. it also provides a variety of modelling and simulation-based services.

Market trends and outlook
While we expect defence budgets around the world to continue to grow modestly, including in the united states, which is the world’s 
largest defence market, we believe that our share of that spending will increase for the following reasons:
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demand for our type of specialized products and services is growing;
the nature of warfare has changed.

Demand for our type of specialized products and services is growing
New aircraft platforms
one of our strategic priorities is to partner with manufacturers in the military market to strengthen relationships and position ourselves 
for future opportunities. original equipment manufacturers are introducing new platforms that will drive worldwide demand for simulators 
and training. For example, boeing is developing a new maritime patrol aircraft called the P-8A Poseidon, nH industries is starting to 
deliver the nH90 helicopter, EAds CAsA is aggressively marketing the C-295 transport aircraft worldwide, and sikorsky is offering new 
models of its H-60 helicopter to armies and navies worldwide, all of which fuel the demand for new simulators and training. 

Trend towards outsourcing
With finite defence budgets and resources, defence forces and governments continue to scrutinize expenditures to find ways to save 
money and allow active-duty personnel to focus on operational requirements. there has been a growing trend among defence forces 
to  outsource  a  variety  of  training  services  and  we  expect  this  trend  to  continue.  governments  are  outsourcing  training  services 
because they can be delivered more quickly and more cost-effectively. For example, CAE is part of a consortium that is expected to 
begin offering nH90 training to germany and other militaries in 2008.

Greater use of simulation
more defence forces and governments are adopting simulation in training programs because it improves realism, significantly lowers 
costs, reduces operational demands on aircraft, and lowers risk compared to operating actual weapon system platforms. using a 
simulator for training also reduces actual aircraft flying hours and allows training for situations where an actual aircraft and/or its crew 
and passengers would be at risk.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  36

Extension and upgrade of existing weapon system platforms
original equipment manufacturers are extending the life of existing weapon system platforms by introducing upgrades or adding new 
features, which increases the demand for upgrading simulators to meet the new standards. 

The nature of warfare has changed
Demand for networking
the nature of warfare has changed. Allies are cooperating and creating joint and coalition forces, which is driving the demand for joint 
and networked training and operations. training devices can be networked to train different crews and allow for networked training 
across a range of platforms.

Growing acceptance of synthetic training for mission rehearsal
there  is  a  growing  trend  among  defence  forces  to  use  synthetic  training  to  meet  more  of  their  training  requirements.  synthetic 
environment software allows defence clients to plan sophisticated missions and carry out full mission rehearsals as a complement to 
traditional live training or mission preparation. synthetic training offers militaries a cost-effective way to provide realistic training for  
a wide variety of scenarios while ensuring they maintain a high state of readiness. For example, in calendar 2007, we delivered a 
mH-47g combat mission simulator to the u.s. Army’s 160th special operations Aviation Regiment that features the CAE-developed 
Common Environment/Common database (CE/Cdb). the CE/Cdb promises to significantly enhance rapid simulation-based mission 
rehearsal capabilities.

3.6 Foreign exchange 
We report all dollar amounts in Canadian dollars. We value assets, liabilities and transactions that are measured in foreign currencies 
using various exchange rates as required by gAAP. 

the tables below show the variations of the closing and average exchange rates for our three main operating currencies. the variation 
in rates lowered this year’s earnings from continuing operations (after tax) by approximately $6.4 million compared to fiscal 2007. 

We used the foreign exchange rates below to value our assets, liabilities and backlog in Canadian dollars at the end of each of the 
following periods:

u.s. dollar (us$ or usd) 
Euro (€) 
british pound (£ or gbP) 

We used the average foreign exchange rates below to value our revenues and expenses:

u.s. dollar (us$ or usd) 
Euro (€) 
british pound (£ or gbP) 

2008 

1.0279 
1.6244 
2.0407 

2008 

1.0331 
1.4626 
2.0733 

2007 

1.1529 
1.5418 
2.2697 

2007 

1.1385 
1.4598 
2.1550 

increase  
(decrease)

(11 %)
5 %)
(10 %)

increase  
(decrease)

(9 %)
–
(4 %)

three areas of our business are affected by changes in foreign exchange rates:
 –

Our networks of civil and military training centres
most of our training network revenue and costs are in local currencies. Changes in the value of local currencies relative to the 
Canadian dollar therefore have an impact on the network’s net profitability and net investment. under gAAP, gains or losses in the 
net investment in a self-sustaining subsidiary that result from changes in foreign exchange rates are deferred in the foreign currency 
translation adjustment (accumulated other comprehensive loss), which is part of the shareholders’ equity section of the balance 
sheet. Any effect of the fluctuation between currencies on the net profitability has an immediate translation impact on the earnings 
statement and an impact on year-to-year and quarter-to-quarter comparisons.
Our simulation products operations outside of Canada (Germany, U.S., U.K., Australia and India) 
most of the revenue and costs in these operations from self-sustaining subsidiaries are generated in their local currency except for 
some  data  and  equipment  they  buy  in  different  currencies  from  time  to  time  as  well  as  any  work  performed  by  our  Canadian 
manufacturing operations. Changes in the value of the local currency relative to the Canadian dollar therefore have a translation 
impact on the operation’s net profitability and net investment when expressed in Canadian dollars.

 –

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 –

Our simulation products operations in Canada
Although the net assets of our Canadian operations are not exposed to changes in the value of foreign currencies (except for 
receivables and payables in foreign currencies), approximately 85% of our revenue generated from Canada is in foreign currencies 
(mostly the u.s. dollar and euro), while a significant portion of our expenses are in Canadian dollars.
We generally hedge the milestone payments in sales contracts denominated in foreign currencies to protect ourselves from some of 
the foreign exchange exposure. since less than 100% of our revenues are hedged, it is impossible to completely offset the effects 
of changing foreign currency values, leaving some residual exposure that can affect the statement of earnings. 
over the long term, our manufacturing operations in Canada are exposed to changes in the value of the Canadian dollar because 
we do not enter into hedges of expected future revenues until the contracts are signed. 
during the third quarter of fiscal 2008, we entered into a hedging program for a portion of our u.s. dollar denominated purchases 
over the next 12 months resulting in a fixed Canadian dollar equivalent cost for inputs in our manufacturing process. in addition, we 
entered  into  a  hedge  to  fix  into  Canadian  dollars  the  interest  cost  and  principal  repayment  of  a  u.s.  dollar  denominated  debt 
maturing in June 2009.

Sensitivity analysis
We conducted a sensitivity analysis to determine the current impact of variations in the value of foreign currencies. We evaluated the sources 
of foreign currency revenues and expenses and determined that our consolidated exposure to foreign currency mainly occurs in two areas:
 –

Foreign currency revenues and expenses in Canada for the manufacturing business – we hedge these revenues as well as some 
of the expenses;
translation of foreign currency operations of self-sustaining subsidiaries in foreign countries – this has a natural hedge. our exposure 
is mainly in our operating profits.

 –

First we calculated the revenue and expenses per currency to determine the operating income in each currency. then we deducted 
the amount of hedged revenues and hedged expenses to determine a net exposure by currency. next we added the net exposure 
from the self-sustaining subsidiaries to determine the consolidated foreign exchange exposure in different currencies.

Finally, we conducted a sensitivity analysis to determine the impact of a change of one cent in the Canadian dollar against each of the 
other four currencies. the table below shows the typical impact of this change, after taxes, on our yearly revenue and operating 
income, as well as our net exposure: 

Exposure (amounts in millions) 

u.s. dollar (us$ or usd) 
Euro (€)   
british pound (£ or gbP) 
Australian dollar (Aud$ or Aud) 

 Revenue 

 operating  
income 

 Hedging 

 net exposure

7.8 
3.3 
1.0 
0.7 

2.5 
0.7 
0.2 
0.1 

(1.7) 
(0.5) 
(0.1) 
– 

0.8
0.2
0.1
0.1

3.7 Non-GAAP and other financial measures
this md&A includes non-gAAP and other financial measures. non-gAAP measures are useful supplemental information but may not 
have a standardized meaning according to gAAP. you should not confuse this information with, or use it as an alternative for, performance 
measures calculated according to gAAP. you should also not use them to compare with similar measures from other companies.

Backlog
backlog is a non-gAAP measure that tells us the expected value of orders we have received but have not yet executed.
 –

For the sP/C, sP/m and ts/m segments, we consider an item part of our backlog when we have a legally binding commercial 
agreement with a client that includes enough detail about each party’s obligations to form the basis for a contract or an order; 
military contracts are usually executed over a long-term period and some of them must be renewed each year. For the sP/m and 
ts/m segments, we only include a contract item in backlog when the customer has authorized and received funding for it;
For the ts/C segment, we include revenues from customers with both long-term and short-term contracts when these customers 
commit to paying us training fees, or when we reasonably expect them from current customers. 

 –

 –

the book-to-sale ratio is calculated as being total orders divided by total revenue in the period.

Capital employed
Capital employed is a non-gAAP measure we use to evaluate and monitor how much we are investing in our business. We measure 
it from two perspectives:

Capital used:
 –

For  the  company  as  a  whole,  we  take  total  assets  (not  including  cash  and  cash  equivalents),  and  subtract  total  liabilities  (not 
including long-term debt and its current portion);
For each segment, we take the total assets (not including cash and cash equivalents, tax accounts and other non-operating assets), 
and subtract total liabilities (not including tax accounts, long-term debt and its current portion and other non-operating liabilities).

 –

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  38

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
source of capital:
 –

We add net debt to total shareholders’ equity to understand where our capital is coming from.

Maintenance and growth capital expenditure
maintenance capital expenditure is a non-gAAP measure we use to calculate the capital investment needed to sustain current levels 
of economic activity.
growth capital expenditure is a non-gAAP measure we use to calculate the capital investment needed to increase the current level 
of economic activity.

EBIT
Earnings before interest and taxes (Ebit) is a non-gAAP measure that shows us how we have performed before the effects of certain 
financing  decisions  and  tax  structures.  We  track  Ebit  because  we  believe  it  makes  it  easier  to  compare  our  performance  with 
previous periods, and with companies and industries that do not have the same capital structure or tax laws. 

Free cash flow
Free cash flow is a non-gAAP measure that tells us how much cash we have available to build the business, repay debt and meet 
ongoing financial obligations. We use it as an indicator of our financial strength and liquidity. We calculate it by taking the net cash 
generated  by  our  continuing  operating  activities,  subtracting  all  capital  expenditures  (including  growth  capital  expenditures  and 
capitalized costs) and dividends paid, and then adding the proceeds from sale and leaseback arrangements and other asset-specific 
financing (including non-recourse debt). dividends are deducted in the calculation of free cash flow because we consider them an 
obligation, like interest on debt, which means that amount is not available for other uses. in the first quarter of fiscal 2009, we intend 
to change our definition to exclude from the free cash flow the growth capital expenditures, capitalized costs and its corresponding 
asset-specific financing (including non-recourse debt).

Gross margin
gross margin is a financial measure equivalent to the segment operating income excluding selling, general and administrative expenses.

Net debt
net debt is a non-gAAP measure we use to monitor how much debt we have after taking into account liquid assets such as cash 
and cash equivalents. We use it as an indicator of our overall financial position, and calculate it by taking our total long-term debt (debt 
that matures in more than one year), including the current portion, and subtracting cash and cash equivalents. 

Non-cash working capital
non-cash  working  capital  is  a  non-gAAP  measure  we  use  to  monitor  how  much  money  we  have  committed  in  the  day-to-day 
operation of our business. We calculate it by taking current assets (not including cash and cash equivalents or the current portion  
of assets held for sale) and subtracting current liabilities (not including the current portion of long-term debt or the current portion of 
liabilities related to assets held for sale).

Non-recourse financing
non-recourse financing to CAE is a non-gAAP measure we use to classify debt, when recourse against the debt is limited to the 
assets, equity interest and undertaking of a subsidiary, and not CAE inc.

Non-recurring items
non-recurring items is a non-gAAP measure we use to identify items that are outside the normal course of business because they 
are infrequent, unusual and/or do not represent a normal trend of the business. We believe that highlighting significant non-recurring 
items and providing operating results without them is useful supplemental information that allows for a better analysis of our underlying 
and ongoing operating performance.

Return on capital employed
Return  on  capital  employed  (RoCE)  is  a  non-gAAP  measure  that  we  use  to  evaluate  the  profitability  of  our  invested  capital.  We 
calculate this ratio over a rolling four-quarter period by taking earnings from continuing operations excluding non-recurring items and 
interest expenses, after tax, divided by the average capital employed. in addition, we also calculate this ratio adjusting earnings and 
capital employed to reflect the ordinary off-balance sheet operating leases.

Revenue simulator equivalent unit
Revenue  simulator  equivalent  unit  (RsEu)  is  a  financial  measure  we  use  to  show  the  total  average  number  of  FFss  available  to 
generate revenue during the period. For example, in the case of a 50/50 flight training joint venture, we will report only 50% of the 
FFss deployed under this joint venture as an RsEu. if a FFs is being powered down and relocated, it will not be included as an RsEu 
until the FFs is re-installed and available to generate revenue. 

Segment operating income
segment  operating  income  (soi)  is  a  non-gAAP  measure  and  our  key  indicator  of  each  segment’s  financial  performance.  this 
measure gives us a good indication of the profitability of each segment because it does not include the impact of any items not 
specifically related to the segment’s performance. these items are presented in the reconciliation between total segment operating 
income and Ebit (see note 25 of the consolidated financial statements).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  39

4. CONSOLIDATED RESULTS

4.1 Results of our operations – fourth quarter of fiscal 2008

Summary of consolidated results

(amounts in millions, except per share amounts) 

Q4-2008 

q3-2008 

q2-2008 

q1-2008 

q4-2007

Revenue 
Earnings before interest and income taxes (Ebit)  
  As a % of revenue 
interest expense, net 

Earnings from continuing operations (before taxes) 
income tax expense  

Earnings from continuing operations   
Results from discontinued operations  

net earnings 
basic EPs from continuing operations 
diluted EPs from continuing operations   

basic and diluted EPs  

  $ 
  $ 
 % 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

 366.6 
  69.7 
  19.0 
  4.7 

  65.0 
  18.0 

  47.0 
 (11.4) 

  $ 
  35.6 
  $              0.19 
  0.18 
  $ 
  0.14 

  $ 

Summary of results excluding non-recurring items

 344.8 
  61.7 
  17.9 
  4.8 

  56.9 
  16.8 

  40.1 

 353.9 
  62.1 
  17.5 
  5.4 

  56.7 
  17.7 

  39.0 

(0.6)   

(0.1)   

  39.5 
  0.16 
  0.16 

  0.16 

  38.9 
  0.15 
  0.15 

  0.15 

 358.3 
  58.0 
  16.2 
  2.6 

  55.4 
  16.7 

  38.7 
 – 

  38.7 
  0.15 
  0.15 

  0.15 

 337.3
  53.3
  15.8 
  3.5

  49.8
  14.7

  35.1
  (0.8)

  34.3
  0.14
  0.14

  0.14

(amounts in millions, except per share amounts) 

Q4-2008 

q3-2008 

q2-2008 

q1-2008 

q4-2007

Earnings from continuing operations (before taxes) 
net earnings from continuing operations  
basic EPs from continuing operations 
diluted EPs from continuing operations   

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

  65.0 
  47.0 
  0.19 
  0.18 

  56.9 
  40.1 
  0.16 
  0.16 

  56.7 
  39.0 
  0.15 
  0.15 

  55.4 
  38.7 
  0.15 
  0.15 

  48.7
  35.1
  0.14
  0.14

Revenue was 6% higher than last quarter and 9% higher year over year
Revenue was $21.8 million higher than last quarter mainly because: 
 –
 –

sP/m’s revenue increased by $11.9 million, or 13%, mainly due to high activity levels on some u.s. and European programs;
ts/C’s revenue increased by $11.7 million, or 13%, mainly due to a strong demand in all of our training centres, translating into a 
higher utilization rate and an increase of one RsEu from last quarter;
sP/C’s revenue increased by $3.0 million, or 3%, mainly attributed to higher volume from a stronger level of orders during the third 
and fourth quarters.

 –

these results included a positive impact from the depreciation of the Canadian dollar against the  u.s. dollar and the euro in the  
fourth quarter.

Revenue was $29.3 million higher than the same period last year largely because:
 –

ts/C’s revenue increased by $12.8 million, or 14%, mainly due to a strong demand in all of our training centres, translating into a 
higher utilization rate and nine more RsEus than in the same period last year;
sP/m’s revenue increased by $9.3 million, or 10%, mainly due to higher activity on some European programs, combined with the 
integration into our results of the newly-acquired companies Engenuity, multigen and macmet;
sP/C’s revenue increased by $8.9 million, or 9%, due to a higher number of orders.

 –

 –

the growth of 9% over last year was achieved despite the appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the euro, the british pound and 
the u.s. dollar. Excluding this appreciation, the growth would have been approximately 15%.

you will find more details in Results by segment.

EBIT 6 was $8.0 million higher than last quarter and $16.4 million higher year over year
Ebit for this quarter was $69.7 million, or 19.0% of revenue. 

Compared to the last quarter, Ebit was up by 13%, or $8.0 million. increased segment operating income 7 from the ts/C and sP/m 
segments were partially offset by a decrease in the sP/C and ts/m segments.  

year over year, Ebit was up by 31%, or $16.4 million, mainly because of higher segment operating income from all four segments. 
segment operating income increased by $8.5 million for sP/C, $5.0 million for sP/m, $2.5 million for ts/C and $1.5 million for ts/m 
despite the appreciation of the Canadian dollar. Excluding non-recurring items 8 from last year, Ebit increased by $17.5 million. 

you will find more details in Reconciliation of non-recurring items and Results by segment.

6, 7, 8 non-gAAP measure (see section 3.7).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest expense was similar to last quarter and $1.2 million higher year over year
net  interest  expense  was  similar  to  last  quarter  as  a  result  of  a  small  decrease  in  interest  on  long-term  debt,  offset  by  a  higher 
amortization of deferred financing charge.

net interest expense was higher than the same period last year mainly because of higher interest expense of $1.0 million on long-term 
debt attributed to higher debt levels, as well as higher amortization of deferred financing charges relating to the non-recourse financing 
secured during the first quarter of fiscal 2008. 

Effective income tax rate is 28% this quarter
income taxes this quarter were $18.0 million, representing an effective tax rate of 28%, compared to 30% for the last quarter and 30% 
in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007. 

the tax rate was lower in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 mainly because of a change in the mix of income from various jurisdictions 
and of a reduction of future Canadian tax rates.

Excluding non-recurring items, income tax expense was: 
 –
 –
 –

$18.0 million for this quarter, representing an effective tax rate of 28%;
$16.8 million for the third quarter, representing an effective tax rate of 30%;
$13.6 million for the fourth quarter last year, representing an effective tax rate of 28%.

you will find more details in Reconciliation of non-recurring items.

Net loss from discontinued operations was $11.4 million this quarter
net loss from discontinued operations was higher this quarter and year over year mainly because:
 –

We wrote off a balance receivable of $10.0 million ($8.5 million after tax). this $10.0 million amount was related to the disposal, in 
fiscal 2003, of the assets of the sawmill division of the Company’s Forestry systems. We were in arbitration of a dispute for further 
payment. the arbitration ceased mid-way in April 2008 when the buyer was the subject of a petition for receivership and was 
understood to be insolvent;
We recorded a loss of $2.2 million (net of tax recovery of $1.0 million) in connection with the divesture of the telecommunication 
department of CAE Elektronic gmbH through a sales agreement with an exclusive buyer in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.

 –

4.2 Results of our operations – fiscal 2008
Summary of consolidated results

(amounts in millions except per share amounts) 

FY2008 

Fy2007 

   Fy2006

Revenue 
gross margin 9  
  As a % of revenue 

Earnings before interest and income taxes (Ebit) 
  As a % of revenue 
interest expense, net 

Earnings from continuing operations (before taxes) 
income tax expense  

Earnings from continuing operations   
Results from discontinued operations  

net earnings  
basic and diluted EPs from continuing operations 
basic EPs 
diluted EPs 

Summary of results excluding non-recurring items 

(amounts in millions, except per share amounts) 

Earnings from continuing operations (before taxes) 
net earnings from continuing operations  
basic and diluted EPs from continuing operations 

  $ 
  $ 
 % 

  $ 
 % 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 1,423.6 
  438.0 
30.8 

  251.5 
17.7 
17.5 

  234.0 
69.2 

  164.8 

 1,250.7 
  364.4 
29.1 

  189.4 
15.1 
10.6 

  178.8 
49.7 

  129.1 

(12.1)   

(1.7)   

  152.7 
0.65 
0.60 
0.60 

  127.4 
0.51 
0.51 
0.50 

 1,107.2
  266.2
    24.0 

  104.0
       9.4 
16.2

87.8
18.2

69.6
(6.0)

63.6
0.28
0.25
0.25

FY2008 

Fy2007 

   Fy2006

 234.0 
 164.8 
  0.65 

 181.1 
 129.3 
  0.51 

 122.9
  85.5
  0.35

9 non-gAAP measure (see section 3.7).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue was 14% or $172.9 million higher than last year
All four segments had higher revenue compared to last year:
 –

sP/C’s revenue increased by $87.2 million, or 25%, mainly due to stronger order intake throughout the current fiscal year and 
higher revenue recorded on simulators that were already manufactured and for which we signed sales contracts during this year. 
in addition, we obtained customer acceptance of a simulator that was recorded as a sale-type capital lease transaction during the 
first quarter of this year;
ts/C’s revenue increased by $45.2 million, or 13%, mainly due to an increase of nine RsEus, as well as strong demand for training, 
which reflects the healthy state of the aerospace industry;
sP/m’s revenue increased by $26.2 million, or 7%, due to the integration into our results of newly-acquired companies Engenuity, 
multigen and macmet, combined with a higher activity level, mainly in the united states;
ts/m’s  revenue  increased  by  $14.3  million,  or  7%,  due  to  increased  revenue  from  some  support  services  for  various  german 
military bases, an increase in training services for the u.s. Air Force, higher activities on north American and Australian support 
services contracts and the integration into our results of newly-acquired companies Engenuity and kesem.

 –

 –

 –

you will find more details in Results by segment.

Gross margin was $73.6 million higher than last year
gross  margin  was  $438.0  million  this  year  or  30.8%  of  revenue  compared  to  $364.4  million  or  29.1%  of  revenue  last  year.  the 
increase comes from volume and improvement in all four segments.

EBIT was $62.1 million higher than last year
Ebit for the year was $251.5 million, or 17.7% of revenue. 

Ebit was up by 33%, or $62.1 million, over last year because of higher segment operating income from the sP/C, sP/m and ts/C 
segments, which increased their segment operating income by $34.5 million, $12.6 million and $9.2 million respectively despite the 
appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar and the british pound.  

Ebit was affected by the following non-recurring items in fiscal 2007 totalling $3.7 million:
 –
 –

Costs relating to the restructuring plan of $8.1 million;
Payment related to the release of claims related to the Avts program received in the first quarter for which we recorded £ 2.1 million 
($4.4 million).

Excluding these non-recurring items, Ebit was $193.1 million (15.4% of revenue) last year.

you will find more details in Reconciliation of non-recurring items and Results by segment.

Net interest expense was $6.9 million higher than last year

(amounts in millions) 

net interest, prior period 

increase (decrease) in interest on long-term debt 

  decrease in interest income 

increase in capitalized interest 
increase (decrease) in amortization of deferred financing charges 

  other 

increase (decrease) in net interest expense from the prior period 

Net interest, current period 

FY2007 
to FY2008 

 Fy2006 
   to Fy2007

$ 

10.6 
5.4 
1.8 
(0.6)   
0.4 
(0.1)   

$ 

$ 

6.9 

17.5 

$  16.2 
(3.1)
2.1
(1.3)
(1.7)
(1.6)

$ 

(5.6) 

$  10.6 

net interest expense was $17.5 million this year, which is 65% or $6.9 million higher than last year. this is mainly attributed to:
 –

Higher interest expense on overall long-term debt: 

•   in fiscal 2008, we raised an additional debt of $107.5 million.  

 –

increased amortization of deferred financing costs: 

•   in fiscal 2008, we incurred higher amortization of deferred financing charges from the non-recourse financing secured in the 

first quarter. 

 –

lower interest income:

•   Cash on hand was higher in fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007, however earned interest income decreased due to lower 

interest rates;

•   Reduction of interest income in fiscal 2008 due to the accretion of discounts on the long-term notes receivable settled, in full, 

during the second quarter of fiscal 2007.

the increase in net interest expense was offset by:
 –

increased capitalized interest:

•   in fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007, we had a higher level of assets under construction to support our growth initiatives.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Effective income tax rate is 30% 
this fiscal year, income taxes were $69.2 million, representing an effective tax rate of 30%, compared to 28% for the same period last year.

the lower tax rate in fiscal 2007 was the result of the reduction in valuation allowance in the u.k. and other tax recoveries. 

We expect the effective income tax rate for fiscal 2009 to be approximately 30%.

you will find more details in Reconciliation of non-recurring items. 

Net loss from discontinued operations was $12.1 million 
net loss from discontinued operations was $12.1 million this year, $10.4 million higher than last year. this was mainly attributed to:
 –

We wrote off a balance receivable of $10.0 million ($8.5 million after tax) in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008. this $10.0 million 
amount  was  related  to  the  disposal,  in  fiscal  2003,  of  the  assets  of  the  sawmill  division  of  the  Company’s  Forestry  systems.  
We were in arbitration of a dispute for further payment. the arbitration ceased mid-way in April 2008 when the buyer was the 
subject of a petition for receivership and was understood to be insolvent;
We recorded a loss in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 of $2.2 million (net of tax recovery of $1.0 million) in connection with the 
divesture of the telecommunication department of CAE Elektronic gmbH through a sales agreement with an exclusive buyer.

 –

4.3 Results of our operations – fiscal 2007 vs fiscal 2006
Revenue
Revenue grew in fiscal 2007, an increase of $143.5 million, or 13%, from the year before.  growth in each of the four segments was 
mainly because of:
 –
 –
 –
 –

stronger order intake and a higher number of deliveries in the sP/C segment;
Higher order intake, particularly in the u.s. and the u.k., for the sP/m segment;
stronger demand for training and the average increase of one RsEu for the ts/C segment;
Higher activities on u.s. and german support service contracts and the integration of kesem in the ts/m segment.

EBIT
Ebit was $189.4 million in fiscal 2007. this included the effect of an increase in segment operating income for all segments (almost 
50%  from  sP/C)  and  a  decrease  in  the  costs  related  to  the  restructuring  plan.  Ebit  would  have  been  $193.1  million  excluding 
non-recurring items mainly related to the restructuring plan.

Ebit was $104.0 million in fiscal 2006. this included a net foreign exchange gain on the reduction of the net investment in certain 
self-sustaining foreign subsidiaries, a gain on exiting the dornier 328Jet (do328J) platform, a write-down related to deferred bid costs 
and additional restructuring charges. Ebit would have been $136.8 million before these items.

Net interest 
net interest in fiscal 2007 was $5.6 million lower than fiscal 2006, mainly because of:
 –

lower interest expense on overall long-term debt:

•   We repaid the Amsterdam asset-backed financing at the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2006;
•   We repaid the $20 million senior note tranche in fiscal 2006.

 –

Reduced amortization of deferred financing costs:

•   We had lower amortization of deferred costs from the new credit facility;
•   in fiscal 2006, we wrote off all of the unamortized deferred financing charges related to our previous revolving credit facility.

 –

increased capitalized interest:

•   We had a higher level of assets under construction at the end of the year compared to fiscal 2006.

Income taxes
We recorded an income tax expense of $49.7 million in fiscal 2007, representing an effective tax rate of 28% compared to 21% for 
the same period in fiscal 2006. We recorded additional benefits of $9.0 million in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006 due to the reduction 
in valuation allowance on u.s. net operating losses and other tax recoveries. 

Discontinued operations
We recorded a net loss of $1.7 million from discontinued operations in fiscal 2007, mainly because of:
 –
 –

the net loss from discontinued operations that we incurred in fiscal 2006 from our former Cleaning technologies business;
interest expense related to debt not directly attributed to continuing operations. We paid this using the proceeds of the sale of the 
marine Controls segment that we also recorded in fiscal 2006.

We recorded a net loss of $6.0 million from discontinued operations in fiscal 2006 because of adjustments to pension provisions and 
other obligations from discontinued operations. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  43

4.4 Earnings excluding non-recurring items
the  table  below  shows  how  non-recurring  items 10  have  affected  our  results  in  each  of  the  reporting  periods.  We  believe  this 
supplemental information is a useful indication of our performance before these non-recurring items. it is important, however, not to 
confuse this information with, or use it as an alternative for, net earnings calculated according to gAAP.

Reconciliation of non-recurring items – Fourth quarter of fiscal 2008

(amounts in millions, 
except per share amounts) 

Earnings from continuing  
  operations  

EBIT: 
  Restructuring plan    

before  
tax 

after 
 tax 

Q4-2008 
per  
share 

before  
tax 

after 
 tax 

q3-2008 
per  
share 

q4-2007

before  
tax 

after 
 tax 

per  

share

$ 65.0 

  $ 47.0 

  $ 0.19 

  $ 56.9 

  $ 40.1 

  $ 0.16 

  $ 49.8     $ 35.1     $ 0.14  

  –  restructuring charge 
  –   other costs associated with  
the restructuring plan 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

 (1.5)   

 (1.2)   

  0.4 

  1.2 

–

–

Earnings from continuing operations 
  excluding non-recurring items   
  (non-gAAP measure) 

$ 65.0 

  $ 47.0 

  $ 0.19 

  $ 56.9 

  $ 40.1 

  $ 0.16 

  $ 48.7 

  $ 35.1     $ 0.14

Reconciliation of non-recurring items – for the 12-month period ending March 31

(amounts in millions, 
except per share amounts) 

Earnings from  
  continuing operations  

EBIT: 
  Restructuring plan  

before  
tax 

Fiscal 2008 
per  
share 

after 
 tax 

before  
tax 

Fiscal 2007 
per  
share 

after 
 tax 

before  
tax 

Fiscal 2006
per  

share

after 
 tax 

$ 234.0 

  $ 164.8 

  $ 0.65 

  $ 178.8 

  $ 129.1 

  $ 0.51 

  $ 87.8 

  $ 69.6 

  $ 0.28

  –  restructuring charge 
  –   other costs associated  

with the restructuring plan 

  Release of claims payment 
  Foreign exchange gain 
  Write-down of deferred bid costs 
  Exit from the do328J platform 
Interest expense, net: 
  Early repayment of notes receivable 

 Accretion of discounts  
  on notes receivable 
 Early settlement of  
  high-cost long-term debt 
 Write-down of unamortized  
  deferred financing costs 

Income tax expense: 
  tax recoveries 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

Earnings from continuing operations 
  excluding non-recurring items   
  (non-gAAP measure) 

$ 234.0 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

  1.2 

  1.0 

– 

 18.9 

 14.1 

 0.06

  6.9 

  5.5 

(4.4)   
– 
– 
– 

(3.1)   
– 
– 
– 

 0.03 
 (0.01)   
– 
– 
– 

 15.1 
– 
 (5.3)   
  5.9 
 (1.8)   

 11.3 
– 
 (5.7)   
  5.1 
 (1.0)   

 0.05
–
 (0.02)
 0.02
 (0.01)

(1.4)   

(1.4)   

 (0.01)   

– 

– 

–

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

 (1.6)   

 (1.6)   

 (0.01)

  2.8 

  2.0 

 0.01

  1.1 

  0.7 

–

(1.8)   

 (0.01)   

– 

 (9.0)   

 (0.03)

  $ 164.8 

  $ 0.65 

  $ 181.1 

 $129.3    $ 0.51 

  $ 122.9    $ 85.5 

 $0.35

10 non-gAAP measure (see section 3.7).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring plan
We completed the final expenses related to the restructuring plan in fiscal 2007. in the past, these expenses included costs related 
to the re-engineering of our business processes including a component associated with the first phase of the deployment of the ERP 
system.  As  at  April  1,  2007,  the  costs  related  to  the  first  phase  of  the  ERP  deployment  ended.  Current  costs  associated  with 
additional  phases  of  the  deployment  of  the  ERP  system  are  not  considered  restructuring  costs  and  will  not  be  presented  as  a 
non-recurring item. 

Release of claims payment – Landmark Consortium
As a member of the landmark Consortium (formed to pursue the Avts project), we received a payment in the first quarter of fiscal 
2007 and recorded £2.1 million ($4.4 million) as a non-recurring item because it was related to the release of claims.

Foreign exchange gain
We reduced our net investment in certain self-sustaining subsidiaries in fiscal 2006, and transferred corresponding amounts of foreign 
exchange  gain  or  losses  accumulated  in  the  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  account  to  the  statement  of  earnings.  this 
resulted in a non-recurring pre-tax gain of $5.3 million. the reduction of capitalization in self-sustaining subsidiaries is not part of our 
day-to-day operations and we do not consider any impact on the results to be recurring.

Write-down of deferred bid costs
in the first quarter of fiscal 2006, we wrote down deferred bid costs (incurred post selection) amounting to $5.9 million accumulated 
on  major  military  programs  for  which  we  were  selected  and  for  which,  subsequent  to  selection,  the  likelihood  of  success  was 
significantly reduced. of the $5.9 million, $4.4 million was related to the Avts program.

Exit from the Dornier 328Jet platform
in the third quarter of fiscal 2006, we reached a decision to no longer offer training services for the do328J aircraft. We sold two 
do328J FFss that quarter, for a net gain of $1.8 million.

Early repayment of notes receivable
during the second quarter of fiscal 2007, we received an early payment in full of secured subordinated promissory long-term notes 
receivable previously recorded in other assets. the amount was part of the consideration for our sale in 2002 of ultrasonics and 
Ransohoff. We recognized $1.4 million in interest revenue during the second quarter of 2007 as a result of the repayment, because 
of the accretion of discounts on the long-term notes receivable. 

Accretion of discount on notes receivable
in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006, we had $2.2 million in additional interest from the accretion of discount on notes receivable. only 
$0.6 million of this amount was considered recurring each year until maturity.

Early settlement of high-cost, long-term debts
in the third quarter of fiscal 2006, we took advantage of available liquidity and the strong Canadian dollar to prepay a higher cost, 
asset-backed financing arrangement that was in place when we acquired schreiner Aviation training. the Amsterdam asset-backed 
financing was €22.7 million, and the prepayment resulted in a one-time, pre-tax charge totalling $2.8 million. 

Write-down of unamortized deferred financing costs
We closed the new credit facility on July 7, 2005 and wrote down unamortized deferred financing costs of $1.1 million in the second 
quarter of fiscal 2006. these costs were related to the original credit facility that had been in place. 

Tax recoveries 
during the first quarter of fiscal 2007, we recognized as a non-recurring item the reduced valuation allowance on net operating losses 
in the u.k. this led to the recognition of a cumulative $1.8 million in tax assets ($2.0 million in tax assets in the first quarter of 2007, 
net of a $0.2 million reversal in the second quarter of 2007).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  45

4.5 Government cost-sharing
We continue to invest in new and innovative technologies to respond to growth opportunities and to maintain our technological leadership. 

during fiscal 2006, we launched Project Phoenix, a $630–million, six-year R&d initiative to improve leading-edge technologies and to 
develop additional applications that reinforce our industry position as a world leader in simulation, modelling and services.

the government of Canada agreed, through technology Partnerships Canada (tPC), to invest up to 30% ($189 million) of the value 
of the program. We also signed an agreement in fiscal 2007 with the government of québec for investissement québec to contribute 
up to $31.5 million to Project Phoenix over six years. We recognize a liability to repay these contributions when conditions arise and 
the repayment thereof is reflected in the consolidated statements of earnings when royalties become due.

this year, the two governments contributed a total of $62.4 million to Project Phoenix. We recorded $42.1 million as a reduction of 
R&d expenses and $20.3 million for fixed assets or other capitalized costs. 

We have also been involved in various other tPC projects on R&d programs in the past few years that involve visual systems and 
advanced flight simulation technology for civil applications and networked simulation for military applications. We recorded royalty 
expenses of $8.8 million for these tPC projects this year. 

the table below lists the contribution and royalties for all programs:

(amounts in millions) 

Contribution: 
  Phoenix 
  Previous programs 

total contribution 
Amount capitalized 

Amounts credited to income 
Royalty expense 

impact of contribution on earnings (1) 
Approximate impact of contribution on itCs (25%) (1) 

Approximate pre-tax impact of contribution to various R&d programs   

FY2008 

Fy2007 

   Fy2006

$ 62.4 
– 

$ 62.4 
 (20.3)   

$ 42.1 

  (8.8)   

$ 33.3 

  (8.3)   

$ 25.0 

$ 52.1 
– 

$ 52.1 

 (7.1)   

$ 45.0 

 (7.5)   

$ 37.5 

 (9.4)   

$ 28.1 

$ 17.3
  7.5

$ 24.8
 (3.8)

$ 21.0
 (6.6)

$ 14.4
 (3.6)

$ 10.8

(1)  We estimate that every $100 of net contribution we receive under various programs reduces the amount of itCs by approximately $25 to $30 that 

would otherwise be available.

the  above  table  does  not  reflect  the  additional  R&d  expenses  that  we  incurred  to  secure  the  tPC  funding.  We  must  spend 
approximately $100 of eligible costs in order to receive approximately $30 in contributions. 

4.6 Consolidated orders and backlog
our  consolidated  backlog  was  $2,899.9  million  at  the  end  of  this  year,  which  is  5%  higher  than  last  year.  new  orders  of  
$1,665.5  million  were  added  to  backlog  this  year,  offset  by  $1,423.6  million  in  revenue  generated  from  backlog  and  a  decrease  
of  $116.6  million  mainly  caused  by  the  appreciation  during  the  year  of  the  Canadian  dollar  against  the  british  pound  and  
the u.s. dollar.

Change in backlog

As at March 31 (amounts in millions) 

backlog, beginning of period 
+ orders  
- revenue  
+/- adjustments (mainly FX) 

backlog, end of period 

you will find more details in Results by segment, below.

FY2008 

Fy2007 

   Fy2006

$ 2,774.6 
 1,665.5 
 (1,423.6)   
  (116.6)   

$ 2,460.0 
 1,455.2 
 (1,250.7)   
  110.1 

$ 2,504.7
 1,238.7
 (1,107.2)
  (176.2)

$ 2,899.9 

$ 2,774.6 

$ 2,460.0

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. RESULTS BY SEGMENT
We manage our business and report our results in four segments: 
Civil segments:
 –
 –

training & services/Civil (ts/C);
simulation Products/Civil (sP/C).

military segments:
 –
 –

simulation Products/military (sP/m);
training & services/military (ts/m).

transactions between segments are mainly transfers of simulators from sP/C to ts/C and are recorded at cost at the consolidated level.

if  we  can  measure  a  segment’s  use  of  jointly  used  assets,  costs  and  liabilities  (mostly  corporate  costs),  we  allocate  them  to  the 
segment in that proportion. if we cannot measure a segment’s use, we allocate in proportion to the segment’s cost of sales.

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Segment operating income

(amounts in millions, 
 except per share amounts) 

Civil segments
  training & services/Civil 

  simulation Products/Civil 

Military segments 
  simulation Products/military 

  training & services/military 

$ 
% 
$ 
% 

$ 
% 
$ 
% 

total segment operating income 
$ 
other (expense) income expenses  $ 

 FY2008 

Fy2007 

Q4-2008 

q3-2008 

q2-2008 

q1-2008 

q4-2007

  73.5 
  19.2 
  94.9 
  21.8 

  51.7 
  13.5 
  31.4 
  14.1 

 251.5 
– 

  64.3 
  19.1 
  60.4 
  17.4 

  39.1 
  10.9 
  33.7 
  16.2 

 197.5 

(8.1)   

  23.8 
  22.8 
  23.8 
  22.3 

  14.5 
  14.3 
  7.6 
  14.0 

  69.7 
– 

  69.7 

  15.5 
  16.7 
  25.2 
  24.3 

  11.5 
  12.8 
  9.5 
  16.1 

  61.7 
– 

  61.7 

  14.6 
  16.2 
  26.2 
  23.3 

  13.4 
  13.8 
  7.9 
  14.5 

  62.1 
– 

  62.1 

  19.6 
  20.7 
  19.7 
  17.4 

  12.3 
  12.9 
  6.4 
  11.6 

  58.0 
– 

  58.0 

  21.3
  23.2 
  15.3
  15.7 

  9.5
  10.3 
  6.1
  10.9 

  52.2 
  1.1 

  53.3

Ebit  

$ 

 251.5 

 189.4 

We use segment operating income to measure the profitability of our four operating segments, and to help us make decisions about 
allocating  resources.  We  calculate  segment  operating  income  by  using  a  segment’s  net  earnings  before  other  income,  interest, 
income taxes and discontinued operations. this allows us to assess the profitability of a segment before the impact of developments 
not specifically related to its performance.

Capital employed

(amounts in millions) 

Civil segments 
  training & services/Civil 
  simulation Products/Civil 

Military segments 
  simulation Products/military 
  training & services/military 

March 31  december 31  september 30 
2007 

2007 

2008 

June 30 
2007 

march 31 
2007

$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

 868.3 
  (81.9)   

 774.3 
  (38.7)   

 762.5 
  (26.9)   

 734.7 
  (13.0)   

  68.4 
 136.5 

 991.3 

 100.1 
 138.4 

 974.1 

  98.1 
 135.8 

 969.5 

  90.1 
 142.4 

 954.2 

 759.1
  (59.8)

  54.5
 132.8

 886.6

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  47

  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
5.1 Civil segments
TRAINING & SERVICES/CIVIL 
ts/C was awarded over $116 million in contracts this quarter. 
 –

signed a five-year contract with first-time customer sentient, to exclusively cover the expansion which resulted from sentient’s 
acquisition of tAg usA;
signed a five-year contract with XoJEt, to support the renewal of their exclusive contract with Citation X training.

 –

Expansion and new initiatives 
Emerging Markets
Asia
 –

We selected kuala lumpur, malaysia as our location for our southeast Asian training hub, following a partnership with AirAsia and 
the government of malaysia. As part of the agreement, we will add another Airbus A320 FFs and an Airbus A330 FFs to the kuala 
lumpur training centre within the next 10 months. this partnership is a result of our expansion strategy within emerging markets, 
as we intend to increase our capacity in the region over the next 18 months. the new major CAE-AirAsia training hub in malaysia 
is designed to meet the strong demand for aircrew training within southeast Asia, one of the world’s most rapidly growing  
aviation markets;
We completed the expansion of the Zhuhai Flight training Centre. We committed to adding three assets to this training centre: an 
Airbus A320 FFs, an Airbus A330 FFs and a boeing b737-800 FFs.

 –

Middle East
 –

We obtained level d accreditation by the European Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA), the u.s. Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) and 
the united Arab Emirates’ general Civil Aviation Authority on the gulfstream g450/550 business jet training programs;
We will expand the Emirates-CAE Flight training Centre with one bombardier global Express FFs and one Hawker beechcraft FFs 
CAE 5000 series.

 –

India
 –

 –

We signed two contracts. one was for a joint venture with the Airport Authority of india (AAi) to develop the Rajiv gandhi national 
Flying training institute (RgnFti) and another to become the managing partner of the indian government’s indira gandhi Rashtriya 
uran Akademi (igRuA) flight training academy; 
We are in the process of establishing the first independant indian aviation training centre in bangalore, india. the centre will serve 
india-based airlines and the surrounding region. the centre will be part of the CAE-Airbus cooperation and will initially offer pilot, 
cabin crew and maintenance training as well as flight operations support on the Airbus A320 and the boeing b737. the training 
centre will also serve the needs of CAE global Academy, a new training alliance intended to address the global shortage of pilots.  

Europe
 –

We  formalized  a  joint  venture  agreement  with  Embraer  to  provide  comprehensive  pilot  and  ground  crew  training  to  Embraer 
customers of the Phenom 100 vlJ and Phenom 300 lJ. Commencing calendar 2009, CAE will offer training programs for the 
Phenom 100 vlJ and Phenom 300 lJ aircraft at CAE’s burgess Hill training Centre, u.k.;
We have expansion plans for the u.k. training centre, by introducing three additional simulator bays;
We signed a 10-year agreement to lease an Airbus A380 FFs and related training devices to Air France, enabling the companies 
to collaborate in A380 training requirements. the event marks the first time an A380 FFs has been deployed within CAE’s  
training network;
We added one b737 FFs at the CAE Aviation training Centre in Amsterdam.

 –
 –

 –

America
 –
 –

We will expand the north East training Centre, from six simulator bays to fifteen, to meet increased training demands;
We integrated into our results the newly-acquired company Flightscape inc. (Flightscape) as of August 29, 2007. the acquisition is 
expected to complement our innovative training solutions aimed at enhancing the efficiency and safety of its customers. Flightscape 
provides expertise in flight data analysis and flight sciences and develops software solutions that enable the effective study and 
understanding of recorded flight data to improve safety, maintenance and flight operations;
We achieved industry firsts with the receipt of level d certification, the highest qualification for flight simulators, by the FAA and JAA 
for two CAE-built dassault Falcon 7X FFss. We also received level d certification on the gulfstream g450/550 FFs;
We signed a 20-year agreement to become an authorized training provider for the bombardier global Express aircraft, global 5000 
aircraft, global Express XRs aircraft and bombardier Challenger 300 aircraft;
We signed a series of contracts with Air Canada granting us responsibility over the airline’s toronto and vancouver centres for 
training centre operation services; 
We  signed  a  contract  with  first-time  customer  mooney  Airplane  Company,  to  develop  a  series  of  web-based  maintenance  
training modules.

 –

 –

 –

 –

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  48

Financial results

(amounts in millions  
except operating margins, 
RSEU and FFSs deployed) 

Revenue 
segment operating income 
Operating margins 
Amortization & depreciation 
Capital expenditures 
Capital employe 
backlog 
RsEu 11  
FFss deployed 

 FY2008 

Fy2007 

Q4-2008 

q3-2008 

q2-2008 

q1-2008 

q4-2007

$ 
$ 
% 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

 382.1 
  73.5 
  19.2 
  52.0 
 161.8 
 868.3 
 963.3 
  108 
  124 

 336.9 
  64.3 
  19.1 
  45.5 
 108.1 
 759.1 
 951.6 
99 
  114 

 104.5 
  23.8 
  22.8 
  12.9 
  41.6 
 868.3 
 963.3 
  110 
  124 

  92.8 
  15.5 
  16.7 
  12.5 
  14.1 
 774.3 
 896.1 
  109 
  123 

  90.0 
  14.6 
  16.2 
  13.5 
  79.3 
 762.5 
 887.5 
  106 
  119 

  94.8 
  19.6 
  20.7 
  13.1 
  26.8 
 734.7 
 853.4 
  105 
  117 

  91.7 
  21.3 
  23.2 
  12.4 
  27.7 
 759.1 
 951.6 
  101
  114

Revenue up by 13% over last quarter and by 14% year over year
the increase over last quarter and year over year was mainly attributed to a strong demand in all of our training centres, translating 
into a higher utilization rate, one more RsEu from last quarter and nine more RsEus than in the same period last year. the growth 
year over year was achieved despite an appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the british pound, the euro and the u.s. dollar.

Revenue was $382.1 million this year, which is 13% or $45.2 million higher than last year
the growth over last year was attributed to an increase of nine RsEus, as well as a strong demand for training, which reflects the 
healthy state of the aerospace industry. the growth over last year was achieved despite an appreciation of the Canadian dollar against 
the british pound and the u.s. dollar. this year, ts/C’s revenue would have been approximately $24 million higher if the average 
foreign exchange rate had been comparable to last year.

Segment operating income was $23.8 million (22.8% of revenue) this quarter
segment operating income was $23.8 million (22.8% of revenue) this quarter, compared to $15.5 million (16.7% of revenue) in the 
last quarter and $21.3 million (23.2% of revenue) in the same period last year.

segment  operating  income  increased  by  $8.3  million,  or  54%,  over  last  quarter.  this  increase  is  due  to  a  strong  demand  and 
performance  across  all  of  our  training  centres,  a  gain  of  $0.5  million  from  the  disposal  of  one  FFs,  and  the  depreciation  of  the 
Canadian dollar against the euro and the u.s. dollar. the segment operating income increased by $2.5 million over the same period 
last year despite one-time gains amounting to $2.4 million, recognized in the fourth quarter of last year.

Segment operating income was $73.5 million, which is 14% or $9.2 million higher than last year 
segment operating income was $73.5 million (19.2% of revenue) this year, compared to $64.3 million (19.1% of revenue) over last 
year.  ts/C’s  operating  margin  was  similar  to  last  year,  resulting  from  a  $45.2  million  increase  in  revenue,  partially  offset  by  the 
appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the british pound and the u.s. dollar and costs associated with the expansion of our 
network and the ramp-up of new training programs. this year, ts/C’s segment operating income would have been approximately 
$6.4 million higher if the average foreign exchange rate had been comparable to last year.

ts/C’s operating margin was relatively unaffected by foreign exchange fluctuations. However, over last year, the appreciation of the 
Canadian dollar reduced the translation value of the segment’s revenue and operating income.

Capital employed increased by $109.2 million over last year 
Capital employed was higher mainly because of additional simulators in the network, combined with the integration into our results of 
the newly-acquired Flightscape, our investment in subsidiary companies as well as by foreign exchange fluctuation.  

Capital expenditures at $41.6 million this quarter and $161.8 million for the year
Capital expenditures were higher this year mainly because of the ongoing investment to grow our training network and the buyback 
of some leased simulators that were already part of our network and, therefore, included in our maintenance capital expenditures.

11 non-gAAP measure (see section 3.7).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  49

  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FY2008 

   Fy2007

$ 951.6 
 452.5 
 (382.1)   
  (58.7)   

$ 963.3 

$ 809.0
 452.5
 (336.9)
  27.0

$ 951.6

Backlog up by 1% over last year

(amounts in millions) 

backlog, beginning of period 
+ orders  
- revenue  
+/- adjustments (mainly FX) 

backlog, end of period 

this year’s book-to-sale ratio was 1.2x.

SIMULATION PRODUCTS/CIVIL
sP/C was awarded contracts for the following 9 FFss this quarter:
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –

one Emb-190 FFs to Hainan Airlines;
one A320 FFs CAE 5000 series to lufthansa;
one b747-8 FFs to lufthansa;
two b737-800 FFss to Xiamen Airlines;
one b777 FFs to delta Airlines;
one bombardier global Express FFs to Emirates-CAE Flight training Centre (ECFt);
one Hawker beechcraft FFs CAE 5000 series to ECFt;
one A330 FFs to an undisclosed international airline customer.

this brings sP/C’s total order intake for the year to 37 FFss.

Products and new initiatives 
 –

We introduced a new feature for simulation Products: CAE true™ Environment. this product offers a dynamic and comprehensive 
air traffic control environment and provides a more immersive, realistic, and higher fidelity training environment. CAE true™ Environment 
is available for the CAE 5000 series and CAE 7000 series FFss, and CAE simfinity™ training devices; 
We  received  level  d  certification,  the  highest  performance  rating  for  flight  training  equipment,  by  the  European  Joint  Aviation 
Authorities (JAA) and the Japan Civil Aviation bureau on four CAE-built FFss with electric motion. the simulators, two boeing 737-800 
and one A320 for Flight simulation Company, and one boeing 737-800 for Japan Airlines, are the first FFss with electric motion for  
Airbus and boeing aircraft to ever receive level d certification;
We  received  level  d  certification  by  the  direction  générale  de  l’Aviation  Civile  (dgAC),  France’s  civil  aviation  authority,  for  the  
CAE  tropos™-6000  visual  system  and  3.2  megapixel  liquid  Crystal  on  silicon  projectors  of  a  CAE-built  Airbus  A320  FFs  for  
Air France;
We achieved level d certification by the united kingdom’s Civil Aviation Authority on our first CAE 5000 series A320 FFs.

 –

 –

 –

Financial results

( amounts in millions, 
except operating margins) 

Revenue 
segment operating income 
Operating margins 
Amortization & depreciation 
Capital expenditures 
Capital employed 
backlog 

FY2008 

Fy2007 

Q4-2008 

q3-2008 

q2-2008 

q1-2008 

q4-2007

$ 
$ 
% 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

 435.3 
  94.9 
  21.8 
  6.9 
  4.6 
  (81.9)   
 381.8 

 348.1 
  60.4 
  17.4 
  9.4 
  14.4 
  (59.8)   
 352.8 

 106.5 
  23.8 
  22.3 
  1.8 
  1.2 
  (81.9)   
 381.8 

 103.5 
  25.2 
  24.3 
  1.6 
  1.2 
  (38.7)   
 388.7 

 112.3 
  26.2 
  23.3 
  2.0 
  1.4 
  (26.9)   
 373.3 

 113.0 
  19.7 
  17.4 
  1.5 
  0.8 
  (13.0)   
 413.3 

  97.6
  15.3
  15.7 
  2.9
  1.8
  (59.8)
 352.8

Revenue up by 3% over last quarter and by 9% year over year
the  increase  over  last  quarter  was  mainly  attributed  to  the  higher  volume  from  a  stronger  level  of  orders  during  the  third  and  
fourth quarters.

Revenue increased year over year because of the higher number of orders, partially offset by the negative impact of the appreciation 
of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar on sales contracts signed during the current fiscal year.

Revenue was $435.3 million for the year, which is 25% or $87.2 million higher than last year 
the increase was attributed to stronger order intake throughout the current fiscal year, as well as revenue recorded on simulators that 
were already manufactured and for which we signed sales contracts during the second quarter of this year. in addition, we obtained 
customer acceptance of a simulator that was recorded as a sale-type capital lease transaction during the first quarter of this year. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment operating income down by 6% over last quarter and up by 56% year over year
sP/C’s segment operating income remains strong despite the appreciation of the Canadian dollar. the decrease over last quarter was 
principally due to the mix of different programs. the increase year over year was attributed to higher volume, improved program 
execution as well as lower costs.

Segment operating income was $94.9 million for the year, which is 57% or $34.5 million higher than last year
this  year,  sP/C’s  operating  margin  was  21.8%,  compared  to  17.4%  last  year,  reflecting  the  advantage  of  a  positive  sustained  
cost  performance  as  well  as  strong  demand  and  volume.  this  year,  we  delivered  to  our  customers  29  FFss  compared  to  25  in  
fiscal 2007.

sP/C’s revenue was negatively impacted by the appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar. However, this negative 
impact was partially mitigated because our sale contracts are hedged upon signing at the prevailing rate. this year, a majority of 
sP/C’s revenue was generated from sales previously hedged against currency fluctuations. 

Capital employed decreased over last quarter and over last year
Capital employed was lower mainly due to lower working capital accounts. this was primarily due to a higher collection of accounts 
receivable, predominantly during the fourth quarter of this year, combined with a higher level of accounts payable at year-end.

Backlog up by 8% over last year

(amounts in millions) 

backlog, beginning of period 
+ orders  
- revenue  
+/- adjustments 

backlog, end of period 

this year’s book-to-sale ratio was 1.1x.

FY2008 

Fy2007

$ 352.8 
 466.9 
 (435.3)   
(2.6)   

$ 381.8 

$ 284.4
 406.9
 (348.1)
  9.6

$ 352.8

5.2 Military segments
SIMULATION PRODUCTS/MILITARY
sP/m was awarded $140 million in orders this quarter, including:
 –
 –
 –
 –

one s-70b seahawk and one As332 super Puma helicopter simulators for the Republic of singapore Air Force;
one mH-60s oFt and one mH-60s weapons tactics trainer (Wtt) for the u.s. navy;
the prototype P-8A operational Flight trainer (oFt) for boeing’s new P-8A Poseidon maritime patrol and anti-submarine warfare aircraft;
one prototype m-346 flight training device (Ftd) to provide the initial training capability for Alenia Aermacchi’s new m-346 advanced 
lead-in fighter trainer aircraft. 

Products and new initiatives 
 –

We unveiled Presagis, a new modelling and simulation software company, as part of our military simulation products business. We 
combined our acquisitions of Engenuity technologies, multigen-Paradigm and tERREX and an existing CAE commercial-off-the-shelf 
(Cots) software team to create an independent, industry-leading company specializing in Cots modelling and simulation software; 
We acquired 76% of the outstanding shares of macmet technologies limited (macmet), based in bangalore, india.

 –

Financial results

( amounts in millions,  
except operating margins) 

Revenue 
segment operating income 
Operating margins 
Amortization & depreciation 
Capital expenditures 
Capital employed 
backlog 

FY2008 

Fy2007 

Q4-2008 

q3-2008 

q2-2008 

q1-2008 

q4-2007

$ 
$ 
% 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

 383.7 
  51.7 
  13.5 
  10.5 
  7.3 
  68.4 
 765.1 

 357.5 
  39.1 
  10.9 
  9.0 
  5.5 
  54.5 
 635.8 

 101.5 
  14.5 
  14.3 
  2.8 
  2.1 
  68.4 
 765.1 

  89.6 
  11.5 
  12.8 
  3.0 
  1.5 
 100.1 
 704.4 

  97.1 
  13.4 
  13.8 
  2.5 
  2.4 
  98.1 
 535.3 

  95.5 
  12.3 
  12.9 
  2.2 
  1.3 
  90.1 
 560.5 

  92.2
  9.5
  10.3 
  2.6
  1.8
  54.5
 635.8

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue up by 13% over last quarter and by 10% year over year
the  increase  over  last  quarter  was  mainly  due  to  high  activity  levels  on  some  u.s.  and  European  programs,  combined  with  the 
decrease in value of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar and the euro during the quarter.

the increase year over year was mainly due to higher activity on some European programs, combined with the integration into our 
results of the newly-acquired companies Engenuity, multigen and macmet. the increase was partially offset by reduced activity on 
some u.s. programs and the appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar during the period.

Revenue was $383.7 million this year, which is 7% or $26.2 million higher than last year 
the increase reflects the integration of the above-mentioned acquisitions, combined with a higher activity level, mainly in the united 
states. this increase was partially offset by the appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar.

Segment operating income up by 26% over last quarter and by 53% year over year
sP/m’s segment operating income increased over last quarter and year over year mainly due to the renegotiation of a contract change 
order, which included the alignment of the contract currency with the client’s currency resulting in a gain on a financial instrument. this 
increase was partially offset by costs incurred in the reorganization of our worldwide military segments. 

Segment operating income was $51.7 million this year, which is 32% or $12.6 million higher than last year
sP/m’s segment operating income was higher than last year for the same reasons stated above, combined with an increased level of 
activity in the united states, lower costs and a favourable program mix.

Capital employed decreased over last quarter
the decrease this quarter was mainly because of lower working capital accounts, principally resulting from increased deposits on 
contracts and a higher level of accounts payable at year-end.

Backlog up by 20% over last year 

(amounts in millions) 

backlog, beginning of period 
+ orders  
- revenue  
+/- adjustments (mainly FX) 

backlog, end of period 

this year’s book-to-sale ratio was 1.4x.

    FY2008 

Fy2007

$ 635.8 
 530.0 
 (383.7)   
(17.0)   

$ 765.1 

$ 540.5
 421.3
 (357.5)
 31.5

$ 635.8

TRAINING & SERVICES/MILITARY
ts/m was awarded $78 million in orders this quarter, including:
 –

maintenance  and  support  services  for  the  nAto  Airborne  Early  Warning  and  Control  Force’s  E3A  AWACs  simulator,  located  
in Europe;
simulator maintenance and support services to the 160
Contractor  logistics,  engineering  maintenance,  pilot  instruction,  courseware  development  and  training  system  support  of  the 
C-130J and C-130E/H for the u.s. Air Force.

th special operation Aviation Regiment – Airborne for the u.s. Army;

 –
 –

Services and new initiatives 
 –

 –

We were notified this year by the government of Canada that we were the only compliant bidder to become Canada’s C-130J and 
CH-47 operational training systems provider. We expect to respond to a request for proposal whereby the government of Canada 
will acquire equipment and aircrew training services over 20 years for Canada’s tactical airlift aircraft and helicopter fleets;
We are having continued success winning business related to training systems and services for the nH90 helicopter. during the 
third quarter of fiscal 2008, we won a contract to provide two mRH90 full-flight and mission simulators (FFmss) to the Commonwealth 
of Australia. As a prime contractor and Authorised Engineering organisation for the Commonwealth, we will provide overall project 
management, systems engineering and integrated logistics support.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  52

 
 
        
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Financial results 

(amounts in millions,  
except operating margins) 

Revenue 
segment operating income 
Operating margins 
Amortization & depreciation 
Capital expenditures 
Capital employed 
backlog 

FY2008 

Fy2007 

Q4-2008 

q3-2008 

q2-2008 

q1-2008 

q4-2007

$ 
$ 
% 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

 222.5 
  31.4 
  14.1 
  8.1 
  15.8 
 136.5 
 789.7 

 208.2 
  33.7 
  16.2 
  6.9 
  30.1 
 132.8 
 834.4 

  54.1 
  7.6 
  14.0 
  1.8 
  3.4 
 136.5 
 789.7 

  58.9 
  9.5 
  16.1 
  2.4 
  4.3 
 138.4 
 721.5 

  54.5 
  7.9 
  14.5 
  2.2 
  4.3 
 135.8 
 717.2 

  55.0 
  6.4 
  11.6 
  1.7 
  3.8 
 142.4 
 772.3 

  55.8
  6.1
  10.9 
  1.9
  2.5
 132.8
 834.4

Revenue down by 8% over last quarter and by 3% year over year
the  decrease  over  last  quarter  was  mainly  attributable  to  increased  revenue  in  the  third  quarter  from  some  support  services  for 
various german military bases as well as a cost recovery during the third quarter, resulting from our annual labour rates review with the 
government of Canada. the decrease was partially offset by the depreciation of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar and the euro 
during the quarter.

the decrease year over year was mainly due to the appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar and the british pound, 
partially offset by an increase in training service activities in the united states, as well as the integration into our results of the newly-
acquired companies Engenuity and kesem.

Revenue was $222.5 million this year, which is 7% or $14.3 million higher than last year
the increase was mainly a result of support services for various german military bases, annual rates review with the government of 
Canada,  increase  in  training  services  for  the  u.s.  Air  Force,  higher  activities  on  north  American  and  Australian  support  services 
contracts and the integration into our results of the newly-acquired companies Engenuity and kesem. this increase was partially 
offset by the appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the u.s. dollar and the british pound.  

Segment operating income down by 20% over last quarter and up by 25% year over year
this quarter, segment operating income included an improved cost performance on certain maintenance services contracts, partially 
offset by costs incurred in the reorganization of our worldwide military segments. this mainly explains the increase year over year.

Compared to last quarter, despite the above-mentioned elements, segment operating income was lower due to the intense activity 
in the third quarter from some support services for various german military bases as well as the cost recovery resulting from our 
annual rates review with the government of Canada during the third quarter. Furthermore, during the third quarter we received a 
dividend from a u.k.-based investment of ts/m. the dividend is a component of ts/m’s recurring business, even though it is not 
received evenly throughout the year. 

Segment operating income was $31.4 million this year, which is 7% or $2.3 million lower than last year
the decrease over last year was mainly due to the one-time payment we received from the u.k. government during the first quarter  
of fiscal 2007 in relation to the Avts project. Excluding this one-time payment, the segment operating margin would result in a 7%, or  
$2.1 million, increase compared to last year, mainly resulting from the above-mentioned factors contributing to the increase in revenue 
and by a more significant impact of the dividend received during fiscal 2008 from the u.k -based investment of ts/m.

Capital employed decreased over last quarter
the decrease this quarter was mainly because of lower working capital accounts, partially offset by additional investments for the 
nH90 training program in germany and the decrease in value of the Canadian dollar against the euro.

Backlog down by 5% over last year

(amounts in millions) 

backlog, beginning of period 
+ orders  
- revenue  
+/- adjustments (mainly FX) 

backlog, end of period 

this year’s book-to-sale ratio was 1.0x. 

    FY2008 

Fy2007

$ 834.4 
 216.1 
 (222.5)   
  (38.3)   

$ 789.7 

$ 826.1
 174.5
 (208.2)
  42.0

$ 834.4

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Combined military performance favourable over last year
our  combined  military  revenue  increased  by  $7.1  million,  or  5%,  over  last  quarter,  by  $7.6  million,  or  5%,  year  over  year  and  
$40.5 million, or 7%, over last year. you will find more details in the above Results by segment sections of sP/m and ts/m.

Excluding the net impact of $3.0 million resulting from the change order renegotiation gain and costs incurred in the reorganization of 
our  military  segments,  our  combined  military  operating  margins  would  have  been  12.0%  this  quarter  and  13.1%  this  year.  this 
favourably compares to the combined military operating margins of 10.5% in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007 and 12.1% (excluding 
the Avts one-time payment) in fiscal 2007, hence demonstrating the continuous improved profitability of our military business.

Combined military book-to-sale ratio for the year was 1.2x. 

6.  CONSOLIDATED CASH MOVEMENTS AND LIQUIDITY 
We actively manage liquidity and regularly monitor the factors that could affect it, including:
 –
 –
 –

Cash generated from operations, including timing of milestone payments and management of working capital; 
Capital expenditure requirements;
scheduled repayments of long-term debt obligations, our credit capacity and expected future debt market conditions.

6.1 Consolidated cash movements 

(amounts in millions) 

Cash provided by continuing operating activities*   
Changes in non-cash working capital  

net cash provided by continuing operations 
Capital expenditures 
other capitalized costs 
Cash dividends 
non-recourse financing 12 

Free cash flow 13 
business acquisitions (net of cash and cash equivalents acquired)  
other cash movements, net 
Proceeds from disposal of discontinued operations 
non-recourse financing 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents  

      FY2008 

$ 276.6 

  (15.7)   

$ 260.9 
 (189.5)   
  (25.9)   
(9.8)   

 137.7 

$ 173.4 

  (41.8)   
  8.0 
 –
 (137.7)   
(0.1)   

Fy2007 

$ 219.1 
   20.2 

$ 239.3 

 (158.1)   
  (11.8)   
    (9.8) 
   34.0 

$   93.6 

    (4.4)   
    7.9 
    (3.8)   
  (34.0)   
     4.4 

net increase in cash before proceeds and repayment of long-term debt   

$  1.8 

$   63.7 

* before changes in non-cash working capital

Fy2006

$ 146.8
  79.1

$ 225.9
 (130.1)
  (12.4)
  (9.7)
 26.5

$ 100.2
  2.6
  19.6
–
  (26.5)
(7.6)

$  88.3

Free cash flow was $173.4 million this year, 85% or $79.8 million higher than last year
this year, the increase in free cash flow was mainly attributable to an increase in net cash provided by continuing operations and an 
increase in non-recourse financing on property, plant and equipment offset by higher capital expenditures.

Capital expenditures and other capitalized costs increased by $45.5 million this year
total capital expenditures of $189.5 million this year included:
 –
 –

the major milestone delivery of the first dassault Falcon 7X training program;
the buyback of some leased simulators that were already part of our network and, therefore included in our maintenance capital 
expenditures 14;
the ongoing investment to grow our training network.

 –

this year, our growth capital expenditures15 were $106.2 million and our maintenance capital expenditures were $83.3 million. 

total other capitalized costs of $25.9 million included mainly deferred development costs, pre-operating costs.

Non-recourse financing
during fiscal year 2008, the Company obtained senior secured financing for two new civil aviation training centres. the drawdown to 
march 31, 2008 was for an approximate aggregate amount of $107.5 million (us$45.7 million and £29.6 million) after taking into 
consideration the effect of foreign exchange swap arrangements entered in relation to this financing transaction.

12, 13, 14, 15 non-gAAP measure (see section 3.7).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  54

 
 
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6.2 Sources of liquidity 
We  have  committed  lines  of  credit  at  floating  rates,  each  provided  by  a  syndicate  of  lenders.  We  and  some  of  our  subsidiaries  
can borrow funds directly from these credit facilities to cover operating and general corporate expenses and to issue letters of credit  
and bank guarantees. 

the total amount available through these committed bank lines as at march 31, 2008 was $573.6 million, of which $129.6 million (or 
23%) was used for letters of credit. the total amount available at march 31, 2007 was $615.3 million, of which $139.7 million (or 23%) 
was used. due to the fact that our revolving credit facilities are denominated in u.s. dollars and euros, total availability decreased due  
to the appreciation of the Canadian dollar, whereas our utilization remained unchanged from prior year. there were no borrowings 
under the facilities as at march 31, 2008 or at march 31, 2007.

We also have the ability to borrow in various currencies through non-committed operating lines of $4.9 million. We had not drawn 
down on these operating lines as at march 31, 2008.

long-term debt was $379.8 million as at march 31, 2008 compared to $283.2 million at the end of the previous fiscal year. the short-
term portion of the long-term debt was $27.3 million at march 31, 2008 compared to $27.2 million at the end of the previous fiscal 
year. the main variations in debt over the year (other than normal contractual amortization of existing debt) are described below.

We raised senior secured financing of $107.5 million (us$45.7 million and £29.6 million) for two civil aviation training centres. the debt 
is non-recourse to CAE and amortizes over two separate periods until June 2014 and June 2018.

We borrowed an additional $10.7 million (€7.3 million) for our 25% share on the debt facility for the german nH90 project for a total 
of $52.8 million (€32.5 million). the project company has a €175.5 million in non-recourse financing to finance the build-out of the 
project. Following the build-out period, the debt will be non-recourse to CAE and has a final maturity of december 2019.

We also raised an additional $10.8 million (us$10.1 million) to finance the acquisition of two FFss for the Zhuhai training Centre, as 
well as the expansion of that training centre for a total of $24.4 million (us$23.8 million) as of march 31, 2008. this additional financing 
represented our 49% share of the term debt for the joint venture. the debts are non-recourse to CAE and have various maturities  
to August 2013.

We have an unsecured facility in place for $35.0 million to finance the cost of the ERP system. We can draw down on this facility on 
a quarterly basis with monthly repayments over a term of seven years beginning at the end of the first month following each quarterly 
disbursement. We have borrowed $11.3 million to date for costs incurred to implement the new system.

We  have  an  unsecured  Export  development  Canada  (EdC)  Performance  security  guarantee  (Psg)  account  for  $102.8  million  
(us$100 million). this is an uncommitted revolving facility for performance bonds, advance payment guarantees or similar instruments. 
As of march 31, 2008, we had $54.9 million outstanding compared to $65.6 million as at march 31, 2007. due to the fact that the 
majority of the guarantees are issued in u.s. dollars, the variation was principally due to the appreciation of the Canadian dollar. 

6.3 Contractual obligations
We enter into contractual obligations and commercial commitments in the normal course of our business. these include debentures 
and notes and others. the table below shows when they mature. 

Contractual obligations

As at March 31, 2008 (amounts in millions) 

long-term debt 
Capital lease 
operating leases 
Purchase obligations 
other long-term obligations 

2009 

$  27.6 
  0.7 
  59.1 
  25.2 
  0.7 

2010 

$  92.8 
  0.7 
  55.2 
  14.1 
– 

2011 

$  28.0 
  6.7 
  54.9 
  7.4 
– 

2012 

$  20.1 
– 
  55.0 
  6.8 
– 

2013  Thereafter 

$  72.3 
– 
  41.7 
  0.9 
– 

$ 133.6 
– 
 162.8 
– 
– 

Total

$ 374.4
  8.1
 428.7
  54.4
  0.7

Total 

$ 113.3 

$ 162.8 

$  97.0 

$  81.9 

$ 114.9 

$ 296.4 

$ 866.3

We  also  had  total  committed  credit  facilities  of  $444.0  million  available  as  at  march  31,  2008  compared  to  $475.6  million  at  
march 31, 2007. due to the fact that the credit facilities are denominated in u.s. dollars and euros, the decrease in available credit 
mainly resulted from the appreciation of the Canadian dollar, whereas the utilization remained relatively similar to last year.

We have purchase obligations related to agreements that are enforceable and legally binding. most are agreements with subcontractors 
to provide services for long-term contracts that we have with our clients. the terms of the agreements are significant because they set 
out obligations to buy goods or services in fixed or minimum amounts, at fixed, minimum or variable prices and at approximate times.

As at march 31, 2008 we had other long-term liabilities that are not included in the table above. these include some accrued pension 
liabilities, deferred revenue, deferred gains on assets and various other long-term liabilities. Cash obligations on accrued employee 
pension liability depend on various elements including market returns, actuarial gains and losses and the interest rate. 

We did not include future income tax liabilities since future payments of income taxes depend on the amount of taxable earnings and 
on whether there are tax loss carry-forwards available. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL POSITION 

7.1 Consolidated capital employed 

(amounts in millions) 

Use of capital:
non-cash working capital  
Property, plant and equipment, net 
other long-term assets 
other long-term liabilities 

total capital employed 

Source of capital:
net debt  
shareholders’ equity 

Source of capital 

 As at March 31 
2008 

 As at march 31 
2007

$  (138.1)   
 1,046.8 
  380.0 
  (216.1)   

$ 1,072.6 

$  124.1 
  948.5 

$ 1,072.6 

$  (118.1)
  986.6
  343.9
  (249.5)

$  962.9

$  133.0
  829.9

$  962.9

Capital employed 16 increased 11% over last year
the increase was mainly the result of higher property, plant and equipment, higher other long-term assets and lower other long-term 
liabilities offset by lower non-cash working capital. 

our return on capital employed 17 (RoCE) was 16.8% (14.5% adjusted for operating leases) this year compared to 14.7% (12.1% 
adjusted for operating leases) for last year.

Non-cash working capital 18 decreased by $20.0 million 
the decrease was mainly from an increase of accounts payable and other accrued liabilities, and deposits on contracts, partially offset 
by higher accounts receivable, inventories and income taxes recoverable.

Net property, plant and equipment up $60.2 million 
the increase from capital expenditures of $189.5 million was mainly offset by normal depreciation of $60.6 million and by a negative 
impact of $38.9 million caused by foreign exchange variation.

Net debt lower than last year
the decrease was largely caused by the appreciation of the Canadian dollar against our foreign denominated debt and $1.8 million net 
increase in cash, before proceeds and repayment of long-term debt, partially offset by assumption of debt held by acquired businesses. 

Change in net debt

(amounts in millions) 

net debt, beginning of period 

 impact of cash movements on net debt  
  (see table in the cash movements section) 

  business acquisitions and others 
  Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on long-term debt 
  decrease in net debt during the period 

net debt, end of period 

 As at March 31 
2008 

 As at march 31 
2007

$ 133.0 

(1.8)   

  11.8 
  (18.9)   
(8.9)   

$  124.1 

$ 190.2

  (63.7)
-
  6.5
  (57.2)

$ 133.0

Shareholders’ equity
the $118.6 million increase in equity was mainly because of higher net earnings ($152.7 million) and the proceeds from the share 
issue and contributed surplus ($19.8 million) offset by a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss ($35.5 million). this was 
after accounting for dividends ($10.1 million).

16, 17, 18 non-gAAP measure (see section 3.7).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding share data
our articles of incorporation authorize the issue of an unlimited number of common shares, and an unlimited number of preferred 
shares issued in series. We had a total of 253,969,836 common shares issued and outstanding as at march 31, 2008 with total share 
capital of $418.9 million. We also had 4,602,374 options outstanding, of which 2,543,545 were exercisable. We have not issued any 
preferred shares to date.

As at April 30, 2008, we had a total of 254,008,182 common shares issued and outstanding.

Dividend policy
We paid a dividend of $0.01 per share each quarter in fiscal 2008. these dividends were eligible under the income tax Act (Canada) 
and its provincial equivalents.

our board of directors has the discretion to set the amount and timing of any dividend. the board reviews the dividend policy once 
a year based on the cash requirements of our operating activities, liquidity requirements and projected financial position. We expect 
to pay revised dividends of approximately $30 million based on our current dividend policy and the 254.0 million common shares 
outstanding as at march 31, 2008.

Guarantees
We issued letters of credit and performance guarantees for $108.9 million in the normal course of business this year, compared to 
$149.1 million last fiscal year. the amount was lower this year as a result of the expiry of a simulator deployment guarantee and lower 
levels of advance payment guarantees.

Non-recourse project financing
We  arranged  project  financing  for  the  medium  support  Helicopter  (msH)  program  in  1997  after  entering  the  program  with  the  
u.k. ministry of defence. the contract was awarded to a consortium, CAE Aircrew training services Plc (Aircrew). the capital value 
of the assets supplied by Aircrew is over $200 million. 

We have a 14% interest in Cvs leasing ltd., which owns the simulators operated by the training centre. We manufactured and sold 
the FFss to Cvs leasing ltd., which then leased them to Aircrew for the full term of the msH contract. because we have a majority 
interest in Aircrew, we have consolidated their financial statements in our results. Future minimum lease payments associated with the 
FFss leased to Aircrew are approximately $103 million as at march 31, 2008 and are included in this section in the discussion of 
operating leases as contractual obligations. the amount is also disclosed in note 20 to the consolidated financial statements.

in April 2005, Helicopter Flight training services gmbH (HFts), an industrial consortium in which we have 25% ownership, contracted 
a project-financing facility of €175.5 million to fund the acquisition of assets needed to fulfill a 14.5-year training services contract on 
the nH90 helicopter platform for the german Armed Forces. We account for 25% of the outstanding project-financing debt using the 
proportionate consolidation method. this was $52.8 million (€32.5 million) as at march 31, 2008, and was included in the amount 
disclosed in note 12 to the consolidated financial statements.

We increased the amount of financing for the Zhuhai Flight training Centre this year. the recorded debt represents our 49% joint 
venture share of term-debt to acquire simulators and repay existing debt maturities, on a non-recourse basis, for the joint venture. 
the term-debt was arranged through several financial institutions. borrowings bear interest on a floating rate of u.s. liboR plus a 
spread, and have various amortizations to August 2013. We had $24.4 million outstanding (us$23.7 million) as at march 31, 2008. 
this is included in the amount disclosed in note 12 to the consolidated financial statements.

in June 2007, we concluded a non-recourse financing for two newly established civil aviation training centres. the debt is non-recourse 
to the Company and is secured by the assets of the training centres and is cross-guaranteed and cross-collateralized by the cash-
flow generated by the two training centres. the debt was fully drawn down by march 31, 2008 for a gross amount of $107.5 million 
(us$105.0 million). this is included in the amount disclosed in note 12 to the consolidated financial statements.

Pension obligations
We maintain defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans. We expect to contribute approximately $2.6 million more than 
the annual required contribution for current services to satisfy a portion of the underfunded liability of the defined benefit pension plan. 
We will continue to contribute to the underfunded liability until we have met the plan’s funding obligations.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  57

7.2 Variable interest entities 
note 24 to the consolidated financial statements summarizes the total assets and total liabilities of the significant entities in which we 
have a variable interest (variable interest entities or viEs). they are listed by segment and include sale and leaseback structures and 
partnership arrangements.

Sale and leaseback 
We have entered into sale and leaseback arrangements with special purpose entities (sPEs). these arrangements relate to FFss used 
in our training centres for military and civil aviation. these leases expire at various dates up to 2023, except for an arrangement that 
expires in 2037. typically, we have the option to purchase the equipment at a specific price at a specific time during the term of the 
lease. some leases include renewal options at the end of the term. in some cases, we provided guarantees of the residual value of 
the equipment when the leases expire or on the day we exercise our purchase option. 

these sPEs are financed by secured long-term debt and third-party equity investors who, in certain cases, benefit from tax incentives. 
the equipment serves as collateral for the sPEs’ long-term debt.

our variable interests in these sPEs are solely through fixed purchase price options and residual value guarantees, except in one  
case where the variable interest is equity and a subordinated loan. We also provide administrative services to the sPE in return for  
a market fee.  

some of these sPEs are viEs. At the end of fiscal 2008 and 2007, we were the primary beneficiary for one of them. the assets and 
liabilities of this viE are fully consolidated into our consolidated financial statements as at march 31, 2008 and 2007, even before we 
classified it as a viE and CAE as the primary beneficiary.

We are not the primary beneficiary for any of the other sPEs that are viEs, and consolidation is not appropriate under the Accounting 
guideline  (Acg)-15  of  the  Canadian  institute  of  Chartered  Accountants  Handbook.  our  maximum  potential  exposure  to  losses 
relating to these non-consolidated sPEs was $42.0 million at the end of fiscal 2008 ($47.1 million in 2007).

Partnership arrangements
We  enter  into  partnership  arrangements  to  provide  military  simulation  products  and  training  and  services  for  the  military  and  
civil segments.

our  involvement  with  entities  related  to  these  partnership  arrangements  is  mainly  through  investments  in  their  equity  and/or  
in subordinated loans and manufacturing and long-term training and services contracts. While some of these entities are viEs, we  
are not the primary beneficiary so these entities have not been consolidated. We continue to account for these investments under  
the equity method and record our share of the net earnings or losses based on the terms of the partnership arrangement. As at  
march 31, 2008 and 2007, our maximum off-balance sheet exposure to losses related to these non-consolidated viEs, other than 
from their contractual obligations, was not material.

7.3 Off balance sheet arrangements
most of our off balance sheet obligations are from operating lease obligations related to two segments:
 –

the ts/C segment, which operates a fleet of over 120 simulators in our and other training centres. We have entered into sale and 
leaseback transactions with a number of different financial institutions and treat them as operating leases; 
the ts/m segment, which operates a training centre for the msH project with the u.k. ministry of defence to provide simulation 
services.  the  operating  lease  commitments  are  between  the  operating  company  (which  has  the  service  agreement  with  the  
u.k. ministry of defence) and the asset company (which owns the assets). these leases are non-recourse to CAE.

 –

Sale and leaseback transactions
the sale and leaseback of certain FFss installed in our global network of training centres is a key element in our financing strategy to 
support investment in the civil and military training and services business. it provides us with a cost-effective, long-term source of 
fixed-cost  financing.  A  sale  and  leaseback  transaction  can  only  be  executed  after  a  FFs  has  received  certification  by  regulatory 
authorities and is installed and available to customers for training.

sale and leaseback transactions are generally structured as leveraged leases with an owner participant. before completing a sale and 
leaseback consolidated transaction, we record the cost to manufacture the simulator as a capital expenditure and include it as a fixed 
asset  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheet.  When  the  sale  and  leaseback  transaction  is  executed,  we  record  the  transaction  as  a 
disposal of a fixed asset and the cash proceeds are about the same as the fair market value of the FFs.

We record the difference between the proceeds received and our manufacturing cost (roughly the margin that we would record if we 
had completed a FFs sale to a third party) under deferred gains and other long-term liabilities. We then amortize it over the term of 
the sale and leaseback transaction as a reduction of rental expense, net of the guaranteed residual value where appropriate. At the 
end of the term of the sale and leaseback transaction, we take the guaranteed residual value into income if the value of the underlying 
FFs has not decreased.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  58

We did not enter into any additional sale and leaseback transactions this year, and, as a result, proceeds from the sale and leaseback 
of assets are nil for this year and last year.

in  fiscal  2008,  we  bought  back  three  FFss  that  had  initially  been  financed  under  a  sale  and  leaseback  transaction  for  a  total 
consideration of $43.0 million.

the table below lists sale and leaseback transactions for FFss that were in service in ts/C training centres as of march 31, 2008. 
they appear as operating leases in our consolidated financial statements.

Existing FFSs under sale and leaseback  

( amounts in millions, 
unless otherwise noted) 

simuFlite 
CAE inc. 
denver 
  training centres 
Zhuhai Xiang yi Aviation  
  technology Company  
  limited joint venture (1) 
other 
total  

Annual lease payments  
  (upcoming 12 months)  

Fiscal year 

2002 to 2005 
2000-2002 

2003 

2003 
– 

(1) We have a 49% interest in this joint venture.

number 
of FFss 
 (units) 

lease 
obligations 

initial 
term 
 (years) 

imputed  unamortized 
deferred 
interest 
gain 
rate 

Residual 
value 
guarantee

14 
4 

5 

5 
2 
30 

$ 133.6 
  51.9 

 10 to 20 
  20-21 

 5.5 to 6.7%  
 6.4 to 7.6%  

$  10.1 
  28.3 

$ 

–
  17.4

  60.5 

  17.4 
  10.1 
$ 273.5 

$  27.9 

20 

15 
8 

5.0%  

  24.9 

–

3.0%  
 7.1 to 7.9%  

– 
– 
$  63.3 

–
–
$  17.4

the  rental  expenses  related  to  operating  leases  of  the  FFss  under  the  sale  and  leaseback  arrangements  were  $27.6  million  for  
fiscal 2008, compared to $32.4 million last year. 

you can find more details about operating lease commitments in notes 20 and 26 to the consolidated financial statements.

7.4 Financial instruments
We are exposed to various financial risks in the normal course of our business. We enter into forward and swap contracts to manage 
our exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and changes in share price which have an effect on our stock-
based  compensation  costs.  We  also  continually  assess  whether  the  derivatives  we  use  in  hedging  transactions  are  effective  in 
offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of hedged items. We enter into these transactions to reduce our exposure to risk and 
volatility, and not for speculative reasons. We only deal with highly rated counterparties.

our policy is to hedge every new foreign currency-denominated manufacturing contract when it is signed and executed. We only 
hedge future revenue exposure when contracts are signed. We have adopted a contract-by-contract hedging strategy rather than an 
overall strategy based on the contracts we expect to sign. We eliminate the risk associated with the signed contracts by entering into 
forward exchange contracts (see note 17 to the financial statements for more details). At the end of fiscal 2008, approximately 9% of 
the  total  value  of  the  outstanding  contracts  were  not  hedged.  the  non-hedged  portion  results  from  short  timing  issues  between 
contract signature and hedging transactions as well as a number of small contracts that remain not hedged. Furthermore, this year 
we entered into hedges of certain foreign currency denominated costs for our Canadian operations. As a result, we entered into a 
hedge to cover the foreign currency costs of our manufacturing process, as well as on the interest and principal repayment of u.s. 
denominated debt maturing in June 2009.

We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to manage our exposure when we make a sale in a foreign currency. the amount and 
timing of the maturity of these forward contracts vary depending on a number of factors, including milestone billings and the use of foreign 
materials and/or sub-contractors. the hedged costs are entered on the basis of the forecasted and committed costs that will be incurred. 
We had $837.6 million Canadian-dollar equivalent in forward contracts at the end of fiscal 2008 ($586.0 million on sales contracts and 
$251.6 million on buy contracts), compared to $604.1 million ($512.7 million on sales contracts and $91.4 million on buy contracts), at the 
end of the previous year. the increase was mainly because of a higher number of foreign currency denominated revenue contracts being 
hedged, and additional hedging for foreign currency denominated manufacturing costs and debt-related exposure.

We use financial instruments to manage our exposure to changing interest rates and to adjust our mix of fixed and floating interest 
rate debt on long-term debt. the mix was 72% fixed-rate and 28% floating-rate at the end of this year, compared to 60% fixed-rate 
and  40%  floating-rate  at  the  end  of  fiscal  2007.  the  higher  portion  of  fixed-rate  debt  results  from  no  utilization  of  floating-rate 
borrowings  under  the  revolving  credit  facility,  combined  with  this  year’s  issuance  of  non-recourse  debt  which  was  completely 
composed of fixed-rate debt.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We also hedge to reduce our exposure to changes in our share price because it affects the cost of our deferred share unit (dsu) programs. 
A settlement hedge contract covered 2,155,000 CAE common shares as at march 31 2008 compared to 1,495,000 the previous year.

We used the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair value of the financial instruments:
 –

Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are valued at their carrying amounts on 
the consolidated balance sheet. this is an appropriate estimate of their fair value because of their short-term maturities;
Capital leases are valued using the discounted cash flow method;
the value of long-term debt is estimated based on discounted cash flows using current interest rates on debt with similar terms 
and remaining maturities;
the net fair value of our cross currency and interest swaps are determined using valuation techniques and are calculated as the 
present value of the estimated future cash flows using an appropriate market-based yield curve. Assumptions are based on market 
conditions prevailing at each consolidated balance sheet date;
Forward foreign exchange contracts are represented by the estimated amounts that we would receive or pay to settle the contracts 
on the date of the consolidated balance sheet.

 –
 –

 –

 –

8. ACQUISITIONS, BUSINESS COMBINATIONS AND DIVESTITURES 

8.1 Acquisitions
the Company acquired four businesses for a total cost, including acquisition costs, of $52.4 million which was payable primarily in 
cash. the total costs do not include potential additional consideration of $12 million that is contingent on certain conditions being 
satisfied, which, if met, would be recorded as additional goodwill.

Engenuity Technologies Inc.
during  the  first  quarter,  the  Company  acquired  Engenuity  technologies  inc.  (Engenuity)  which  develops  commercial-off-the-shelf 
(Cots) simulation and visualization software for the aerospace and defence markets.

MultiGen-Paradigm Inc. 
during the first quarter, the Company acquired multigen-Paradigm inc. (multigen), a supplier of real-time Cots software for creating 
and visualizing simulation solutions and creates industry standard visual simulation file formats.

Macmet Technologies Limited
during the second quarter, the Company acquired 76% of the outstanding shares of macmet technologies limited (macmet). macmet 
assembles, repairs and upgrades flight simulators, tank and gunnery trainers, as well as develops software required for simulations.

As part of this agreement, the Company was given a call option on the remaining 24% of outstanding shares. the call option expires 
six years from the acquisition completion date. At the expiry of the call option period, the remaining shareholders of macmet can 
exercise a put option and require the Company to purchase the remaining outstanding shares. As such, the Company considers that 
all  outstanding  shares  have  been  purchased  and  100%  of  macmet’s  results  have  been  consolidated  by  the  Company  since  the 
acquisition date. 

Flightscape Inc. 
during the second quarter, the Company acquired Flightscape inc. (Flightscape), which provides expertise in flight data analysis and 
flight sciences and develops software solutions that enable the effective study and understanding of recorded flight data to improve 
safety, maintenance and flight operations.  

8.2 Discontinued operations 
CAE Elektronik GmbH Telecommunication Department
during fiscal 2008, in order to concentrate on its core business, the Company decided to discontinue its german telecommunication 
department. this department develops and sells unified messaging software for various clients and other office software solutions. 
As well, the business offers services in both standardized and customer-specific software communication solutions for voice-over-iP 
and  isdn-environment.  CAE  Elektronik  gmbH  is  in  the  process  of  divesting  its  telecommunication  department  through  a  sales 
agreement with an exclusive buyer. the transaction resulted in the recognition of a net loss in discontinued operations amounting to 
$2.2 million, net of a tax recovery of $1.0 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.

Marine Controls
on  February  3,  2005,  the  Company  completed  the  sale  of  the  substantial  components  of  the  marine  Controls  segment  to  
l-3 Communications Corporation (l-3), for a cash consideration of $238.6 million. the Company received from l-3 in fiscal 2007 
notices of claims for indemnification pursuant to the sale and Purchase Agreement (sPA). At this time, neither the outcome of these 
matters nor the potential future payments, if any, are determinable. the Company intends to assert all available defences against 
these claims. the aggregate liability for claims made under the sPA is limited to us$25 million. 

the results of the marine Controls segment have been reported as discontinued operations since the second quarter of fiscal 2005 
and have been reclassified in previously reported statements. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  60

Cleaning Technologies and other discontinued operations
in  fiscal  2004,  the  Company  completed  the  sale  of  its  last  Cleaning  technologies  business,  Alpheus  inc.,  to  Cold  Jet  inc.  the 
Company was entitled to receive further consideration based on the performance of the business until 2007 and also had certain 
obligations to Cold Jet inc. during fiscal 2006, an agreement was reached to settle the further consideration and cancel the outstanding 
obligations of the Company. Cold Jet paid the Company an amount of $0.2 million.  

during  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  2007,  the  Company  received  early  payment,  in  full,  of  $9.3  million  in  secured  subordinated 
promissory long-term notes previously recorded in other assets. these notes, with a carrying value of $7.9 million, were received by 
the Company as part of the consideration for its sale in 2002 of ultrasonics and Ransohoff. the repayment resulted in the recognition 
of $1.4 million of interest revenue during the second quarter due to the accretion of discounts on the long-term notes receivable. the 
parties have also concluded discussions regarding adjustments to working capital provisions. As a result of these discussions, the 
Company collected and recorded an additional amount of approximately $0.1 million (net of tax recovery of $0.1 million).

Also, during fiscal 2006, the Company incurred additional costs of $3.4 million related to its former Cleaning technologies business 
mostly in connection with the revaluation of a pension liability and the reversal of an unrecognized tax asset, and recorded $0.9 million 
for other discontinued operations.

Forestry Systems
on may 2, 2003, the Company completed the sale of one of its Forestry systems businesses to Carmanah design and manufacturing. 
the Company was entitled to receive further consideration based on the performance of the business. during the first quarter of fiscal 
2007, a settlement was concluded and the Company received a payment of $0.2 million (net of tax expense of $0.1 million).

on August 16, 2002, the Company sold substantially all the assets of the sawmill division of its Forestry systems. the Company was 
entitled to receive further cash consideration from the sale based on operating performance of the disposed business for the three-
year period from August 2002 to August 2005. in november 2005, the Company was notified by the buyers that, in their view, the 
targeted level of operating performance which would trigger further payment had not been achieved. the Company completed a 
review of the buyers’ books and records and, in January 2006, launched legal proceedings to collect the payment that it believes is 
owed  to  the  Company.  during  the  third  and  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2008,  the  Company  recognized  fees  in  connection  with  the 
evaluation and litigation exercise amounting to $1.2 million (net of tax recovery of $0.2 million). For fiscal 2007 and 2006, the Company 
incurred $0.9 million (net of tax recovery of $0.2 million) and $0.2 million (net of tax recovery of $0.1 million), respectively.

until recently, this dispute had been referred to arbitration and was in the discovery of evidence phase. As discussed in Subsequent 
Event, a loss in the amount of $8.5 million (net of tax recovery of $1.5 million) has been recorded during fiscal 2008 because the buyer 
was the subject of a petition for receivership and is understood to be insolvent subsequent to the balance sheet date. 

9. BUSINESS RISK AND UNCERTAINTY 
We operate in several industry segments that have various risks and uncertainties. management and the board discuss the principal 
risks facing our business, particularly during the annual strategic planning and budgeting processes. these are described below. 

management attempts to mitigate risks that may affect our future performance through a process of identifying, assessing, reporting 
and managing risks that are significant from a corporate perspective. 

Length of sales cycle
the sales cycle for our products and services is long and unpredictable, ranging from six to 18 months for civil aviation applications 
and  from  six  to  24  months  or  longer  for  military  applications.  during  the  time  when  customers  are  evaluating  our  products  and 
services, we may incur expenses and management time. making these expenditures in a quarter that has no corresponding revenue 
will affect our operating results and could increase the volatility of our share price. 

Product evolution
the civil aviation and military markets we operate in are characterized by changes in customer requirements, new aircraft models and 
evolving industry standards. if we do not accurately predict the needs of our existing and prospective customers or develop product 
enhancements  that  address  evolving  standards  and  technologies,  we  may  lose  current  customers  and  be  unable  to  bring  on  new 
customers. this could reduce our revenue. the evolution of the technology could also have an impact on the value of our fleet of FFss. 

Level of defence spending
A significant portion of our revenue comes from sales to military customers around the world. in fiscal 2008, for example, sales by the 
sP/m and ts/m segments accounted for 43% of our revenue. We are either the primary contractor or a subcontractor for various 
programs by Canadian, u.s., European, and other foreign governments. if funding for a government program is cut, we could lose 
future revenue, which could have a negative effect on our operations. if countries we have contracts with significantly lower their 
military spending, there could be a material negative effect on our sales and earnings.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  61

Civil aviation industry
A significant portion of our revenue comes from supplying equipment and training services to the commercial and business airline industry. 

While a few major airlines continue to face financial difficulties, the surge of new aircraft orders continued in 2008, which is positive. 
most of these aircraft are destined for carriers in the middle East and Asia. most north American and some European airlines have 
been experiencing a slight contraction in their capacity. 

Fluctuating prices for airplane fuel also have a material effect on the profitability of many airlines. this effect is most visible in the north 
American market, where some legacy carriers have emerged from Chapter 11 while others have recently filed under Chapter 11. if 
fuel prices remain high for a sustained period, deliveries of new aircraft could be delayed or cancelled, which would negatively affect 
the demand for our training equipment and services.

Additionally, recent developments since mid-2007 in the credit market point to constraints on the availability of credit generally. if this 
situation persists it may affect the ability of airlines and other to purchase new aircraft, which would also negatively affect the demand 
for our training equipment and services.

We are also exposed to credit risk on accounts receivable from our customers, but have adopted policies to ensure we are not significantly 
exposed to any individual customer. our policies include analyzing the financial position of our customers and regularly reviewing their 
credit quality. We also subscribe from time to time to credit insurance and, in some instances, require a bank letter of credit.

Competition
We sell our simulation equipment and training services in highly competitive markets, and new entrants are emerging and others are 
positioning themselves to take advantage of the current positive market. some of our competitors are larger than we are, and have 
greater financial, technical, marketing, manufacturing and distribution resources. in addition, some competitors have well-established 
relationships with aircraft manufacturers, airlines and governments, which may give them an advantage when competing for projects 
for these organizations. We also face competition from Alteon training l.l.C., a boeing subsidiary, which may have certain pricing 
and other competitive advantages over CAE due to its status within the boeing group of companies.

We obtain most of our contracts through competitive bidding processes that subject us to the risk of spending a substantial amount 
of  time  and  effort  on  proposals  for  contracts  that  may  not  be  awarded  to  us.  We  cannot  be  certain  that  we  will  continue  to  win 
contracts through competitive bidding processes at the same rate as we have in the past.

Foreign exchange
Approximately  93%  of  our  revenue  is  generated  in  foreign  currencies  and  this  will  continue  to  be  the  case.  Conversely,  a  larger 
proportion of our operating expenses are in Canadian dollars. Any significant change in the value of the Canadian dollar will cause 
volatility in our results of operations, cash flow and financial condition from period to period. We have various hedging programs to 
partially offset this exposure. the Canadian dollar has also made Canada a more expensive manufacturing environment for us. if the 
Canadian dollar further increases in value, it will negatively affect our financial results and our competitive position compared to other 
equipment manufacturers in jurisdictions where operating costs are lower. 

Doing business in foreign countries
We have operations in over 20 countries and sell our products and services to customers around the world. sales to customers 
outside Canada and the u.s. made up approximately 60% of revenue in fiscal 2008. We expect sales outside Canada and the u.s. 
to continue to represent a significant portion of revenue for the foreseeable future. As a result, we are subject to the risks of doing 
business internationally.

these include foreign exchange risk, as discussed above, and the risk that laws and regulations in host countries will change, which 
can have an effect on:
 –
 –
 –
 –

the cost and complexity of using foreign representatives and consultants;
tariffs, embargoes, controls and other restrictions that may affect the free flow of goods, information and capital;
the complexities of managing and operating an enterprise and complying with laws in multiple jurisdictions;
general changes in economic and geopolitical conditions.

our currency hedging activities may not successfully mitigate foreign exchange risk.

Fixed-price and long-term supply contracts
We provide our products and services mainly through fixed-price contracts that require us to absorb cost overruns, even though it 
can be difficult to estimate all of the costs associated with these contracts or to accurately project the level of sales we may ultimately 
achieve. in addition, a number of contracts to supply equipment and services to commercial airlines are long-term agreements that 
run up to 20 years. While these contracts can be adjusted for increases in inflation and costs, the adjustments may not fully offset the 
increases, which could negatively affect the results of our operations.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  62

Product integration and program management risk
our business could be negatively affected if our products do not successfully integrate or operate with other sophisticated software, 
hardware, computing and communications systems that are also continually evolving. if we experience difficulties on a project or do 
not meet project milestones, we may have to devote more engineering and other resources than originally anticipated. While we 
believe we have recorded adequate provisions for losses on fixed-price contracts, it is possible that fixed-price and long-term supply 
contracts could subject us to additional losses that exceed obligations under the terms of the contracts.

Government-funded military programs
like most companies that supply products and services to governments, we can be audited and reviewed from time to time. Any 
adjustments that result from government audits and reviews may have a negative effect on our results of operations. some costs may 
not be reimbursed or allowed in negotiations of fixed-price contracts. We may also be subject to a higher risk of legal actions and 
liabilities than companies that cater only to the private sector, which could have a materially negative effect on our operations.

if we fail to comply with government regulations and requirements, we could be suspended or barred from government contracts or 
subcontracts  for  a  period  of  time,  which  would  negatively  affect  our  revenue  from  operations  and  profitability  and  could  have  a 
negative effect on our reputation and ability to procure other government contracts in the future.

Research and development activities
We have carried out some of our research and development initiatives with the financial support of government agencies, including 
the  government  of  Canada  through  technology  Partnerships  Canada  and  the  government  of  québec  through  investissement 
québec. if we do not receive this financial support in the future, there is a risk that we may not be able to replace this with other 
government risk-sharing programs and sustain our level of financial performance and research and development activities.

Protection of intellectual property
We rely in part on trade secrets and contractual restrictions, such as confidentiality agreements and licences, to establish and protect 
our proprietary rights. these may not be effective in preventing a misuse of our technology or in deterring others from developing 
similar technologies. We may be limited in our ability to acquire or enforce our intellectual property rights in some countries.

Intellectual property
our products contain sophisticated software and computer systems that are supplied to us by third parties. these may not always 
be available to us. our production of simulators often depends on receiving confidential or proprietary data on the functions, design 
and performance of a product or system that our simulators are intended to simulate. We may not be able to obtain this data on 
reasonable terms, or at all.

infringement claims could be brought against us or against our customers. We may not be successful in defending these claims and 
we may not be able to develop processes that do not infringe on the rights of third parties, or obtain licences on terms that are 
commercially acceptable, if at all.

litigation related to our intellectual property rights could be lengthy and costly and could negatively affect our operations or financial 
results, whether or not we are successful in defending a claim.

Environmental liabilities
We use, generate, store, handle and dispose of hazardous materials at our operations, and used to at some of our discontinued or 
sold operations. Past operators at some of our sites also carried out these activities.

new laws and regulations, stricter enforcement of existing laws and regulations, the discovery of previously unknown contamination, 
new clean-up requirements or claims on environmental indemnities we have given may mean we have to incur substantial costs. this 
could have a materially negative effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We have made provisions for claims we know about and remediation we expect will be required, but there is a risk that our provisions 
are not sufficient.

in addition, our discontinued operations are largely uninsured against such claims, so an unexpectedly large environmental claim 
against a discontinued operation could reduce our profitability in the future.

Liability claims arising from casualty losses
because of the nature of our business, we may be subject to liability claims, including claims for serious personal injury or death, 
arising from:
 –
 –
 –

Accidents or disasters involving training equipment we have sold or aircraft for which we have provided training equipment or services;
our pilot provisioning; 
our live flight training operations. 

We may also be subject to product liability claims relating to equipment and services our discontinued operations sold in the past. We 
cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover one or more substantial claims.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  63

Warranty or other product-related claims
We manufacture simulators that are highly complex and sophisticated. these may contain defects that are difficult to detect and 
correct. if our products fail to operate correctly or have errors, there could be warranty claims or we could lose customers. Correcting 
these defects could require significant capital investment. if a defective product is integrated into our customer’s equipment, we could 
face product liability claims based on damages to the customer’s equipment. Any claims, errors or failures could have a negative 
effect on our operating results and business. We cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover one or more 
substantial claims.

Regulatory rules imposed by aviation authorities
We are required to comply with regulations imposed by aviation authorities. these regulations may change without notice, which could 
disrupt our sales and operations. Any changes imposed by a regulatory agency, including changes to safety standards imposed by 
aviation  authorities  such  as  the  u.s.  Federal  Aviation  Administration,  could  mean  we  have  to  make  unplanned  modifications  to  our 
products and services, causing delays and resulting in cancelled sales. We cannot predict the impact of changing laws or regulations 
might have on our operations. Any changes could have a materially negative effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

Sales or licences of certain CAE products require regulatory approvals
the sale or licence of many of our products is subject to regulatory controls. these can prevent us from selling to certain countries, 
and  require  us  to  obtain  from  one  or  more  governments  an  export  licence  or  other  approvals  to  sell  certain  technology  such  as 
military-related simulators or other training equipment, including military data or parts. these regulations change often and we cannot 
be certain that we will be permitted to sell or license certain products to customers, which could cause a potential loss of revenue for 
us. Failing to comply with any of these regulations in countries where we operate could result in fines and other material sanctions.

Key personnel
our  continued  success  will  depend  in  part  on  our  ability  to  retain  and  attract  key  personnel  with  the  relevant  skill,  expertise  and 
experience. our compensation policy is designed to mitigate this risk.

Integration of businesses acquired
the success of our acquisitions depend on our ability to crystallize synergies both in terms of successfully marketing our broadened 
product offering as well as efficiently consolidating the operations of the business acquired into our existing operations.

Enterprise resource planning
We are investing time and money in an ERP system. if the system does not operate as expected or when expected, it may be difficult 
for us to claim compensation or correction from the supplier. We may not be able to realize the expected value of the system and this 
may have a negative effect on our operations, profitability and reputation.

10.  CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 

10.1 Significant changes in accounting standards – fiscal 2006 to 2008
We  prepare  our  financial  statements  according  to  Canadian  gAAP  as  published  by  the  Accounting  standards  board  (Acsb)  of  
the  Canadian  institute  of  Chartered  Accountants  (CiCA)  in  its  Handbook  sections,  Accounting  guidelines  (Acg)  and  Emerging  
issues Committee (EiC).

Accounting changes
on April 1, 2007, the Company adopted CiCA Handbook section 1506, Accounting Changes. this standard establishes criteria for 
changing accounting policies, along with the accounting treatment and disclosure regarding changes in accounting policies, estimates 
and correction of errors. there was no effect to the company’s consolidated financial statements.

Financial instruments and hedging relationships
on April 1, 2007, the Company adopted CiCA Handbook section 1530, Comprehensive Income, section 3855, Financial Instruments 
–  Recognition  and  Measurement  and  section  3865,  Hedges.  the  impact  of  these  new  standards  is  presented  as  a  transitional 
adjustment  in  opening  retained  earnings  and  opening  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss,  as  applicable.  As  a  result,  the 
comparative consolidated financial statements have not been restated except for the foreign currency translation adjustment, which 
is now disclosed as part of accumulated other comprehensive income.

section 3855 requires that financial assets and financial liabilities, including derivative financial instruments, be recognized on the 
consolidated balance sheet when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument. on initial 
recognition, all financial instruments subject to section 3855, including embedded derivative financial instruments that are not clearly 
and closely related to the host contract, must be measured at fair value. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially recognized 
at fair value and are classified into one of these five categories: held-for-trading, held-to-maturity investments, loans and receivables, 
other financial liabilities and available-for-sale financial instruments. they are subsequently accounted for based on their classification. 
the classification depends on the purpose for which the financial instruments were acquired and their characteristics. Except in very 
limited circumstances, the classification is not changed subsequent to initial recognition.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  64

section 3865 specifies the conditions for applying hedge accounting and how hedge accounting may be applied for each of the 
permitted hedging strategies. When derivative financial instruments are used to manage the Company’s exposure,  the Company 
determines  whether  hedge  accounting  can  be  applied  to  each  derivative  financial  instrument.  Where  hedge  accounting  can  be 
applied,  a  hedging  relationship  is  designated  as  a  fair  value  hedge,  a  cash  flow  hedge  or  a  hedge  of  a  net  investment  in  a  self-
sustaining foreign operation.

the impact of the adoption of the new accounting standards was recognized as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the related 
financial assets and liabilities and recorded in shareholders’ equity as at April 1, 2007. the transition adjustment resulted in a decrease 
of $8.3 million recorded to retained earnings and $3.5 million recorded to accumulated other comprehensive loss.

these accounting standards and the impact of these changes on the Company’s consolidated financial statements are discussed in 
note 2 – Change in Accounting Policies to the annual consolidated financial statements. 

Stock-based compensation for employees eligible to retire before the vesting date
in  the  third  quarter  of  fiscal  2007,  we  adopted  EiC-162,  stock-based  Compensation  for  Employees  Eligible  to  Retire  before  the 
vesting date. this change was required for all companies under Canadian gAAP for interim financial statements ending on or after 
december 31, 2006.

the abstract stipulates that the stock-based compensation expense for employees who will become eligible for retirement during the 
vesting period be recognized over the period from the grant date to the date the employee becomes eligible to retire. in addition, if an 
employee is eligible to retire on the grant date, the compensation expense must be recognized at that date. the abstract also requires 
us to retroactively restate prior periods.

Adopting EiC-162 had the following impact on our consolidated financial statements:
 –
 –

it increased contributed surplus by $0.2 million on April 1, 2005, and decreased contributed surplus by $0.2 million on April 1, 2006;
it resulted in a cumulative charge of $1.9 million to retained earnings on April 1, 2004, $1.6 million on April 1, 2005 and $2.9 million 
on April 1, 2006;
it increased the stock-based compensation expense by $2.2 million for the fiscal year 2006 and had no impact for fiscal 2005;
it had an impact on our basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.01 for fiscal 2006, and a nil impact for fiscal 2007 and fiscal 2005.

 –
 –

10.2 Future changes in accounting standards
Financial instrument – disclosures and presentation
in december 2006, the Acsb issued CiCA Handbook section 3862, Financial instruments – Disclosures and section 3863, Financial 
instruments – Presentation. under these new sections, entities will be required to disclose information that enables users to evaluate 
the significance of a financial instrument to an entity’s financial position and performance. these sections are effective for interim and 
annual financial statements relating of fiscal years beginning on or after october 1st, 2007. the Company is currently evaluating the 
impact of these new standards.

Capital disclosure
in december 2006, the AsCb issued Handbook section 1535, Capital Disclosures, which establishes guidelines for the disclosure of 
information regarding an entity’s capital and how it is managed. this standard requires disclosure of an entity’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing capital, quantitative data about what the entity regards as capital and whether the entity has complied with 
any capital requirements and, if it has not complied, the consequences of such non-compliance. this standard is effective for interim 
and annual financial statements relating to fiscal years beginning on or after october 1, 2007. the Company is currently evaluating 
the impact of this new standard.

Inventories
in march 2007, the Acsb approved new section 3031, Inventories, which will replace existing section 3030 with the same title. the 
new section establishes that inventories should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value, with guidance on the 
determination of cost, including allocation of overheads and other costs to inventory and requires the allocation of fixed production 
overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. the final standard is effective for interim and annual 
financial statements relating to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2008. the Company is currently evaluating the impact of 
this new standard.

Intangible Assets
in november 2007, the Acsb approved new section 3064, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, replacing sections 3062, Goodwill and 
Other Intangible Assets, and 3450, Research and Development Costs. new section 3064 incorporates material from international 
Accounting  standard  (iAs)  38,  Intangible  Assets,  addressing  when  an  internally  developed  intangible  asset  meets  the  criteria  for 
recognition as an asset. the Acsb also approved amendments to section 1000, Financial Statement Concepts, and Accounting 
guideline  Acg-11,  Enterprises  in  the  Development  Stage.  the  amendments  to  Acg-11  provide  consistency  with  section  3064. 
EiC-27, Revenues and Expenditures during the Pre-operating Period, will not apply to entities that have adopted section 3064. these 
changes are effective for fiscal years beginning on or after october 1, 2008, with earlier adoption permitted. the Company is currently 
evaluating the impact of this standard which will be applied for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2009.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  65

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
in January 2006, the Acsb adopted a strategic plan calling for the adoption of iFRss by publicly accountable enterprises in Canada, 
after a specified transition period. the Acsb has recently confirmed January 1, 2011 as the changeover date (i.e., the date iFRss will 
replace current Canadian standards and interpretations as gAAP for this category of reporting entity). As a result, the Company is 
required to prepare its consolidated financial statements in accordance with iFRss for interim and annual financial statements relating 
to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011, which, in the Company’s case would result in the application of iFRs for the fiscal 
year beginning April 1, 2011, at the latest. on February 13, 2008, the Canadian securities Administrators (CsA) issued, for public 
comment, a Concept Paper proposing that listed companies be permitted to adopt iFRss earlier, for financial years beginning on or 
after January 1, 2009. the Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting iFRs on its consolidated financial statements.

10.3 Critical accounting estimates

because we prepare our consolidated financial statements according to gAAP, we are required to make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated 
financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses for the period reported. We regularly review the estimates 
as they relate to the following areas, among others:
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –
 –

Accounting for long-term contracts;
useful lives;
Employee future benefits;
income taxes;
impairment of long-lived assets;
Fair value of certain financial instruments;
goodwill and intangibles.

management makes these estimates based on its best knowledge of current events and actions that we may undertake in the future. 
significant changes in estimates and/or assumptions could result in impairment of certain assets, and actual results could differ from 
those estimates.

our critical accounting policies are those that we believe are the most important in determining its financial condition and results and 
require significant subjective judgment by management. We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if it requires management 
to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the estimate was made, if different estimates could have 
reasonably been used or if there are likely to be changes, from period to period, in the estimate that would have a material effect on 
our financial condition or results of operations. 

see the Notes to the consolidated financial statements for a summary of our significant accounting policies, including the accounting 
policies discussed below.

Revenue recognition
Multiple-element arrangements
We  sometimes  enter  into  multiple-element  revenue  arrangements  which  may  include,  for  example,  a  combination  of  designing, 
engineering and manufacturing of flight simulators, spare parts and maintenance. 

A  multiple-element  arrangement  is  separated  into  more  than  one  unit  of  accounting,  and  applicable  revenue  recognition  criteria  
is considered separately for the different units of accounting if all of the following criteria are met:
 –
 –
 –

the delivered item has value to the customer on a stand-alone basis;
there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered item (or items);
if the arrangement includes a general right of return for the delivered item and delivery or performance of the undelivered item  
is considered probable and substantially in the control of the vendor.

the allocation of the revenue from a multiple deliverable agreement is based on fair value of an undelivered item as evidenced by the 
price of the item regularly charged by the Company on an individual basis or on other basis’ covered by the concept of vendor-specific 
objective evidence as presented in the statement of Position (soP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition issued by the American 
institute of Certified Public Accountants. the Company does enter into stand-alone transactions on a regular basis in regards to the 
sale of spare parts and maintenance arrangements, therefore the price charged when the elements are sold separately is readily 
available. the process for determining fair value of undelivered items, with respect to the design, engineering and manufacturing of 
flight simulators, entails evaluating each transaction and taking into account the unique features of each deal.

the applicable revenue recognition criteria for the separated units of accounting in regards to the individual design, engineering and 
manufacturing of flight simulators, spare parts and maintenance elements are described below.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  66

Long-term contracts
We recognize revenue from long-term contracts for the design, engineering and manufacturing of flight simulators using the percentage-
of-completion  method  when  there  is  persuasive  evidence  of  an  arrangement,  when  the  fee  is  fixed  or  determinable,  and  when 
collection is reasonably certain. under this method, revenue and earnings are recorded as related costs are incurred, based on the 
percentage of actual costs incurred to date related to the estimated total costs to complete the contract. the cumulative impact of 
any revisions in cost and earnings estimates are reflected in the period in which the need for a revision becomes known. Provision for 
estimated contract losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which the loss is determined. 

We measure contract losses at the amount by which the estimated total costs exceed the estimated total revenue from the contract. 
We record warranty provisions when revenue is recognized, based on past experience. We generally do not provide customers with 
a right of return or complimentary upgrade. We bill customers for post-delivery support separately and recognize revenue over the 
support period.

Product maintenance
We recognize revenue from maintenance contracts in earnings on a straight-line basis over the contract period. in situations where it 
is clear that we will incur costs other than on a straight-line method, based on historical evidence, we recognize revenue over the 
contract period in proportion to the costs we expect to incur in performing services under the contract.

Spare parts
Revenue from the sale of spare parts is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the 
fee is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured.

Software arrangements
We also enter into software arrangements to sell, independently or in multiple-element arrangements, standalone software, services, 
maintenance and software customization. We recognize revenue from software arrangements according to the guidance set out in 
the soP 97-2, as described, in more details as follows:
 –

stand-alone products
 Revenue from software licence arrangements that do not require significant production, modification, or customization of software, 
is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and 
collection is reasonably assured.

Consulting services

 –
  Revenues from direct consulting or training services that are provided to customers are recognized as the services are rendered.

maintenance

 –
  maintenance and support revenues are recognized ratably over the term of the related agreements.

 –

multiple-element arrangements
 We  sometimes  enter  into  multiple-element  revenue  software  arrangements,  which  may  include  any  combination  of  software, 
services  or  training,  customization  and  maintenance.  in  these  instances,  the  fee  is  allocated  to  the  various  elements  
as previously described.

 –

long-term software arrangements
 Revenue  from  fixed-price  software  arrangements  and  software  customization  contracts  that  require  significant  production, 
modification or customization of software are also recognized under the percentage-of-completion method.

Training services
We recognize training services when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed or can be determined, recovery is 
reasonably certain and the services have been rendered.

Income taxes
We use the tax liability method to account for income taxes. under this method, future income tax assets and liabilities are determined 
according to differences between the carrying value and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. 

this  method  also  requires  us  to  recognize  future  tax  benefits,  such  as  net  operating  loss  carryforwards,  to  the  extent  that  the 
realization of such benefits is more likely than not. A valuation allowance is recognized when, in management’s opinion, it is more likely 
than not that the future income tax assets will not be realized. 

We measure future tax assets and liabilities by applying enacted or substantively enacted rates and laws at the date of the consolidated 
financial statements for the years in which we expect the temporary differences to be reversed.  

We do not provide for income taxes on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries that are not expected to be repatriated in the 
foreseeable future.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  67

 
 
 
We deduct investment tax credits (itCs) from research and development (R&d) activities from the related costs, and include them in 
the determination of net earnings when there is reasonable assurance that the credits will be realized. itCs arising from the acquisition 
or development of property, plant and equipment and deferred development costs are deducted from the cost of those assets, and 
amortization is calculated on the net amount. 

We are subject to examination by taxation authorities in various jurisdictions. because the determination of tax liabilities and itCs 
recoverable involves certain uncertainties in interpreting complex tax regulations, we use management’s best estimates to determine 
potential tax liabilities and itCs. differences between the estimates and the actual amount of taxes and itCs are recorded in net 
earnings at the time they can be determined.

Valuation of goodwill and intangible assets

goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate it might be impaired.

We test for impairment by comparing the fair value of our reporting units with their carrying amount. When the carrying amount of the 
reporting unit exceeds the fair value, we compare, in a second step, the fair value of goodwill related to the reporting unit to its carrying 
value, and recognize an impairment loss equal to the excess. the fair value of a reporting unit is calculated based on one or more 
generally accepted valuation techniques.

We perform the annual review of goodwill as at december 31 of each year. We did not determine that a charge was required following 
the review as at december 31, 2005, december 31, 2006 and december 31, 2007.

We  account  for  our  business  combinations  under  the  purchase  method  of  accounting,  which  requires  that  the  total  cost  of  an 
acquisition be allocated to the underlying net assets based on their respective estimated fair values. Part of this allocation process 
requires us to identify and attribute values and estimated lives to the intangible assets acquired. this involves considerable judgment 
and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including those relating to future cash flows, discount rates and 
asset lives. determining these values and estimates subsequently affects the amount of amortization expense to be recognized in 
future periods over the intangible assets’ estimated useful lives.

Deferred development costs
We charge research costs to consolidated earnings in the period they are incurred.  We also charge development costs to consolidated 
earnings in the period they are incurred unless they meet all of the criteria for deferral according to CiCA Handbook section 3450, 
Research and Development Costs and we are reasonably assured of their recovery. We deduct government contributions for research 
and development activities from the related costs or assets, if they are deferred. We start amortizing development costs deferred to 
future periods when the product is produced commercially, and we charge the costs to consolidated earnings based on anticipated 
sales of the product when possible, over a period not exceeding five years using the straight-line method.

Pre-operating costs
We defer costs incurred during the pre-operating period for all new operations related to training centres. Pre-operating costs are 
incremental in nature and management considers them to be recoverable from the future operations of the new training centre. We 
no longer capitalize costs when a training centre opens. We amortize deferred pre-operating costs over a five-year period using the 
straight-line method.

Transaction costs
We record transaction costs related to the issuance or acquisition of financial assets and liabilities (other than those classified as  
held-for-trading) with the asset or liability to which they are associated and we amortize them using the effective-interest rate method. 
We amortize costs related to sale and leaseback agreements and the revolving unsecured term credit facilities on a straight-line basis 
over the term of the related financing agreements. 

Employee future benefits
We maintain defined benefit pension plans that provide benefits based on the length of service and final average earnings. the service 
costs and the pension obligations are actuarially determined using the projected benefit method prorated on employee service and 
management’s best estimate of expected plan investment performance, salary escalation and retirement ages of employees. For the 
purpose of calculating the expected return on the plan assets, the relevant assets are valued at fair value. the excess of the net 
actuarial gain (loss) over 10% of the greater of the benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets is amortized over the remaining 
service period of active employees. Past service costs, arising from plan amendments, are deferred and amortized on a straight-line 
basis over the average remaining service life of active employees at the date of amendment.

When  a  curtailment  arises,  any  unamortized  past  service  costs  associated  with  the  reduction  of  future  services  is  recognized 
immediately. Also, the increase or decrease in benefit obligations is recognized as a loss or gain, net of unrecognized actuarial gains 
or losses. Finally, when an event gives rise to both a curtailment and a settlement of obligations, the curtailment is accounted for prior 
to the settlement.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  68

11.  SUBSEQUENT EVENT
the Company has been in arbitration with the buyer of the Company’s assets of the sawmill division of its Forestry system, which was 
sold to the buyer in fiscal 2003, because of a dispute over a further payment owed to the Company by the buyer (refer to note 5 of 
the consolidated financial statements). the arbitration ceased mid-way in April 2008 when the buyer was the subject of a petition for 
receivership and is understood to be insolvent. A loss in the amount of $8.5 million (net of a tax recovery of $1.5 million), has been 
accounted for in fiscal 2008 because, in accordance with the relevant accounting pronouncements, the Company deems that the 
impairment conditions existed at the date of the consolidated financial statements.

12.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
the internal auditor reports regularly to management on any weaknesses it finds in our internal control and these reports are reviewed 
by the Audit Committee.

12.1 Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  are  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  information  is  accumulated  and 
communicated to our President and Chief Executive officer (CEo) and Chief Financial officer (CFo) and other members of management, 
so we can make timely decisions about required disclosure.

under the supervision of the President and CEo and the CFo, management evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls 
and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of march 31, 2008. 
the President and CEo and the CFo concluded from the evaluation that the design and operation of our disclosure controls and 
procedures  were  effective  as  at  march  31,  2008,  and  ensure  that  information  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported 
within the time periods specified under Canadian and u.s. securities laws.

12.2 Internal control over financial reporting
management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  as  defined  in  
Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the U.S Securities Exchange Act of 1934. internal control over financial reporting is a process 
designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting, and the preparation of financial statements 
for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  gAAP.  management  evaluated  the  design  and  operation  of  our  internal  controls  over 
financial reporting as of march 31, 2008, based on the framework and criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework 
issued by the Committee of sponsoring organizations of the treadway Commission (Coso), and has concluded that our internal 
control over financial reporting is effective. management did not identify any material weaknesses.

there  were  no  changes  in  our  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  fiscal  year  2008  that  have  materially 
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

13.  OVERSIGHT ROLE OF AUDIT COMMITTEE AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS 
the Audit Committee reviews our annual md&A and related consolidated financial statements with management and the external 
auditor  and  recommends  them  to  the  board  of  directors  for  their  approval.  management  and  our  internal  auditor  also  provide  
the  Audit  Committee  with  regular  reports  assessing  our  internal  controls  and  procedures  for  financial  reporting.  the  external  
auditor reports regularly to management on any weaknesses it finds in our internal control, and these reports are reviewed  
by the Audit Committee.

14.  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 
you  will  find  additional  information  about  CAE,  including  our  most  recent  AiF,  on  our  website  at  www.cae.com,  or  on  sEdAR  
at www.sedar.com or on EdgAR at www.sec.gov.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  69

15.  SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

Selected annual information for the past five years

( unaudited - amounts in millions,  
except per share amounts) 

Revenue 
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations 
net earnings (loss) 

Financial position:
total assets 
total net debt 

Per share:
basic earnings (loss) from continuing operations   
diluted earnings (loss) from continuing operations  
basic net earnings (loss)  
diluted net earnings (loss)  
basic dividends 
shareholders’ equity 

Selected quarterly information

( unaudited - amounts in millions,  
except per share amounts) 

Fiscal 2008
Revenue 
Earnings from continuing operations   
basic earnings per share from continuing operations 
diluted earnings per share from continuing operations  
net earnings 
basic earnings per share 
diluted earnings per share 
Average number of shares outstanding (basic) 
Average exchange rate, u.s. dollar to Canadian dollar  

Fiscal 2007
Revenue 
Earnings from continuing operations   
basic earnings per share from continuing operations 
diluted earnings per share from continuing operations  
net earnings 
basic earnings per share 
diluted earnings per share 
Average number of shares outstanding (basic) 
Average exchange rate, u.s. dollar to Canadian dollar  

Fiscal 2006 
Revenue 
Earnings from continuing operations   
basic earnings per share from continuing operations 
diluted earnings per share from continuing operations  
net earnings 
basic earnings per share 
diluted earnings per share 
Average number of shares outstanding (basic) 
Average exchange rate, u.s. dollar to Canadian dollar  

2008 

$ 1,423.6 
  164.8 
  152.7 

2007 

$ 1,250.7 
  129.1 
  127.4 

2006 

$ 1,107.2 
69.6 
63.6 

2005 

$  986.2 

  (304.4)   
  (199.6)   

2004

$  938.4
45.5
62.1

$ 2,253.2 
  124.1 

$ 1,956.2 
  133.0 

$ 1,716.1 
  190.2 

$ 1,699.7 
  285.8 

$ 2,308.7
  529.6

$ 

0.65 
0.65 
0.60 
0.60 
0.04 
3.74 

$ 

0.51 
0.51 
0.51 
0.50 
0.04 
3.30 

$ 

0.28 
0.28 
0.25 
0.25 
0.04 
2.69 

$ 

(1.23)   
(1.23)   
(0.81)   
(0.81)   
0.10 
2.63 

$ 

0.20
0.19
0.27
0.27
0.12
3.94

q1 

q2 

q3 

q4 

total

$  358.3 
$ 
38.7 
$ 
0.15 
$ 
0.15 
$ 
38.7 
$ 
0.15 
$ 
0.15 
  252.4 
1.10 

$ 

$  301.8 
33.0 
$ 
0.13 
$ 
0.13 
$ 
32.4 
$ 
0.13 
$ 
0.13 
$ 
  250.8 
1.12 

$ 

$  266.0 
20.1 
$ 
0.08 
$ 
0.08 
$ 
20.1 
$ 
0.08 
$ 
0.08 
$ 
  248.8 
1.24 

$ 

  353.9 
39.0 
0.15 
0.15 
38.9 
0.15 
0.15 
  253.5 
1.04 

  280.4 
31.3 
0.12 
0.12 
31.0 
0.12 
0.12 
  251.0 
1.12 

  280.3 
17.6 
0.07 
0.07 
16.9 
0.07 
0.07 
  249.8 
1.20 

  344.8 
40.1 
0.16 
0.16 
39.5 
0.16 
0.16 
  253.8 
0.98 

  331.2 
29.7 
0.12 
0.12 
29.7 
0.12 
0.12 
  251.2 
1.14 

  276.6 
17.3 
0.07 
0.07 
17.4 
0.07 
0.07 
  250.2 
1.17 

  366.6 
47.0 
0.19 
0.18 
35.6 
0.14 
0.14 
  253.9 
1.00 

  337.3 
35.1 
0.14 
0.14 
34.3 
0.14 
0.14 
  251.4 
1.17 

  284.3 
14.6 
0.06 
0.06 
9.2 
0.04 
0.04 
  250.5 
1.15 

 1,423.6
  164.8
0.65
0.65
  152.7
0.60
0.60
  253.4
1.03

 1,250.7
  129.1
0.51
0.51
  127.4
0.51
0.50
  251.1
1.14

 1,107.2
69.6
0.28
0.28
63.6
0.25
0.25
  249.8
1.19

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selected segment information (annual)

( unaudited - amounts in millions,  
except operating margin) 

Civil 
  Revenue 
  segment operating income 
  Operating margins (%) 

Military
  Revenue 
  segment operating income 
  Operating margins (%) 

Total 
  Revenue 
  segment operating income 
  Operating margins (%) 

Simulation Products 

Training & Services 

2008 

2007 

2006 

2008 

2007 

2006 

2008 

2007 

Total

2006

$  435.3 
94.9 
21.8 

 $  348.1 
60.4 
17.4 

 $  257.0 
29.9 
11.6 

 $  382.1 
73.5 
19.2 

 $  336.9 
64.3 
19.1 

 $  322.3 
57.1 
17.7 

 $  817.4 
    168.4 
20.6 

 $  685.0 
    124.7 
18.2 

 $  579.3
87.0
15.0

$  383.7 
51.7 
13.5 

 $  357.5 
39.1 
10.9 

 $  327.4 
27.0 
8.2 

 $  222.5 
31.4 
14.1 

 $  208.2 
33.7 
16.2 

 $  200.5 
18.7 
9.3 

 $  606.2 
83.1 
13.7 

 $  565.7 
72.8 
12.9 

 $  527.9
45.7
8.7

$  819.0 
  146.6 
17.9 

 $  705.6 
99.5 
14.1 

 $  584.4 
56.9 
9.7 

 $  604.6 
    104.9 
17.4 

 $  545.1 
98.0 
18.0 

 $  522.8 
75.8 
14.5 
    Other 

 $ 1,423.6 
    251.5 
17.7 
- 

 $ 1 250.7 
    197.5 
15.8 
(8.1)     

 $ 1 107.2
    132.7
12.0
(28.7)

    EBIT 

 $  251.5 

 $  189.4 

 $  104.0

Selected segment information (fourth quarter ending March 31)

( unaudited - amounts in millions,  
except operating margin) 

Civil
  Revenue 
  segment operating income 
  Operating margins (%) 

Military
  Revenue 
  segment operating income 
  Operating margins (%) 

Total
  Revenue 
  segment operating income 
  Operating margins (%) 

Simulation Products 

Training & Services 

2008 

2007 

2008 

2007 

2008 

$ 106.5 
  23.8 
  22.3 

$ 101.5 
  14.5 
  14.3 

$ 208.0 
  38.3 
  18.4 

$  97.6 
  15.3 
  15.7 

$  92.2 
  9.5 
  10.3 

$ 189.8 
  24.8 
  13.1 

$ 104.5 
  23.8 
  22.8 

$  54.1 
  7.6 
  14.0 

$ 158.6 
  31.4 
  19.8 

$  91.7 
  21.3 
  23.2 

$  55.8 
  6.1 
  10.9 

$ 147.5 
  27.4 
  18.6 
 Other 

  EBIT 

$ 211.0 
  47.6 
  22.6 

$ 155.6 
  22.1 
  14.2 

$ 366.6 
  69.7 
  19.0 
 -

$  69.7 

Total

2007

$ 189.3
  36.6
  19.3

$ 148.0
  15.6
  10.5

$ 337.3
  52.2
  15.5
  1.1

$  53.3

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  71

 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MAnAgEMEnt’s REpoRt on IntERnAl ContRol  
ovER FInAnCIAl REpoRtIng 

IndEpEndEnt AudItoRs’ REpoRt 

ConsolIdAtEd FInAnCIAl stAtEMEnts 
Consolidated Balance sheets 
Consolidated statements of Earnings 
Consolidated statements of Retained Earnings 
Consolidated statements of Comprehensive Income 
Consolidated statement of Accumulated other Comprehensive loss 
Consolidated statements of Cash Flows 

notEs to thE ConsolIdAtEd FInAnCIAl stAtEMEnts 
note   1  nature of operations and significant Accounting policies 
note   2  Changes in Accounting policies 
note   3  Business Acquisitions and Combinations 
note   4  Investment in Joint ventures 
note   5  discontinued operations and long-term Assets held for sale 
note   6  Accounts Receivable 
note   7  Inventories 
note   8  property, plant and Equipment 
note   9  Intangible Assets 
note 10  goodwill 
note 11  other Assets 
note 12  debt Facilities 
note 13  deferred gains and other long-term liabilities 
note 14  Income taxes 
note 15  Capital stock and Contributed surplus 
note 16  stock-Based Compensation plans 
note 17  Financial Instruments 
note 18  supplementary Cash Flows Information 
note 19  Contingencies 
note 20  Commitments 
note 21  government Cost-sharing 
note 22  Employee Future Benefits 
note 23  Restructuring Costs 
note 24  variable Interest Entities 
note 25  operating segments and geographic Information 
note 26  differences Between Canadian and united states 
  generally Accepted Accounting principles 

note 27  Comparative Financial statements 
note 28  subsequent Event 

73

73

75 
75 
76 
76 
77 
77 
78

79 
79 
86 
89 
91 
92 
93 
93 
94 
94 
95 
95 
96 
98 
99 
101 
102 
105 
109 
110 
110 
110 
111 
115 
116 
117 

120 
129 
129

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  72

 
Management’s Report on Internal Control  
over Financial Reporting

Management  of  CAE  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  (as  defined  
in Rule 13a-15(f), 15d-15(f) under the securities Exchange Act of 1934). CAE’s internal control over financial reporting is a process 
designed  under  the  supervision  of  CAE’s  president  and  Chief  Executive  officer  and  Chief  Financial  officer  to  provide  reasonable 
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external reporting 
purposes in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles.

As of March 31, 2008, Management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting based on the framework and criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of 
sponsoring  organization  of  the  treadway  Commission.  Based  on  this  assessment,  Management  concluded  that  the  Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2008 was effective.

Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2008 has 
been audited by pricewaterhouseCoopers llp, an independent auditor.

R.E. Brown 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

A. Raquepas
Vice-president Chief Financial Officer

Montreal (Canada) 
May 14, 2008

Independent Auditors’ Report

to the shareholders of CAE Inc.

We have completed integrated audits of the consolidated financial statements and internal control over financial reporting of CAE Inc. 
(the “Company”) as at March 31, 2008 and 2007 and audit of its 2006 consolidated financial statements. our opinions, based on our 
audits, are presented below.

Consolidated finanCial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of the Company as at March 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related 
consolidated statement of earnings, retained earnings, comprehensive income, accumulated other comprehensive loss and cash 
flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2008. these consolidated financial statements are the responsibility 
of the Company’s management. our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. 

We conducted our audits of the Company’s financial statements as at March 31, 2008 and 2007 and for each of the years in the two 
year period then ended in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the public Company 
Accounting  oversight  Board  (united  states).  We  conducted  our  audit  of  the  Company’s  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  
March  31,  2006  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards.  those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and 
perform an audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit 
includes  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  supporting  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.  An  audit  also 
includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position  
of the Company as at March 31, 2008 and 2007 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years  
in the period ended March 31, 2008 in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles.

As described in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its accounting for financial instruments 
and hedging relationships.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  73

 
 
 
internal Control over finanCial reporting

We have also audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as at March 31, 2008, based on criteria established in 
Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of sponsoring organizations of the treadway Commission (Coso). 
the Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of 
the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. our responsibility is to express an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. 

We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the public Company Accounting 
oversight Board (united states). those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  maintained  in  all  material  respects.  An  audit  of  internal  control  over 
financial reporting includes obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and 
performing such other procedures as we consider necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable 
basis for our opinion. 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted 
accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to 
the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of 
the  company;  (ii)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (iii)  provide  reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could 
have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes 
in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as at March 31, 2008 
based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Coso.

Chartered Accountants

May 13, 2008 
Montreal, Quebec, Canada

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  74

 
Consolidated Balance Sheets

As at March 31
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) 

assets
Current assets
  Cash and cash equivalents 
  Accounts receivable (note 6) 

Inventories (note 7) 
  prepaid expenses 

Income taxes recoverable  
  Future income taxes (note 14)  

property, plant and equipment, net (note 8) 
Future income taxes (note 14) 
Intangible assets (note 9) 
goodwill (note 10) 
other assets (note 11) 

liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities
  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
  deposits on contracts 
  Current portion of long-term debt (note 12) 
  Future income taxes (note 14) 

long-term debt (note 12) 
deferred gains and other long-term liabilities (note 13) 
Future income taxes (note 14) 

shareholders’ equity 
Capital stock (note 15) 
Contributed surplus (note 15) 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

Contingencies and commitments (notes 19 and 20) 
the accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial statements.

Approved by the Board:

R. E. Brown 
Director 

L. R. Wilson
Director

2008 

2007

$  255.7 
  255.0 
  229.9 
32.7 
39.0 
14.1 
  826.4 
 1,046.8 
64.3 
62.0 
  115.5 
  138.2 
$ 2,253.2 

$  482.7 
  209.3 
27.3 
16.8 
736.1 
  352.5 
  184.9 
31.2 
 1,304.7 

  418.9 
8.3 
  644.5 
  (123.2) 
  948.5 
$ 2,253.2 

$  150.2
  219.8
  203.8
23.5
24.7
3.7
  625.7
  986.6
81.5
36.0
96.9
  129.5
$ 1,956.2

$  403.9
  184.8
27.2
4.9
620.8
  256.0
  232.7
16.8
 1,126.3

  401.7
5.7
  510.2
(87.7)
  829.9
$ 1,956.2

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Earnings

Years ended March 31 
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 
Revenue 

Earnings before interest and income taxes (note 25) 
Interest expense, net (note 12) 
Earnings before income taxes 
Income tax expense (note 14) 
Earnings from continuing operations 
Results of discontinued operations (note 5) 
net earnings  
Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations 

Basic earnings per share 

diluted earnings per share  

2008 
$ 1,423.6 
$  251.5 
17.5 
$  234.0 
69.2 
$  164.8 
(12.1) 
$  152.7 
0.65 
0.60 
0.60 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (basic) (note 15) 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (diluted) (note 15) 

  253.4 
  254.6 

the accompanying notes form an integral part of these  
Consolidated Financial statements.

2007  
$ 1,250.7 

$  189.4 
10.6 
$  178.8 
49.7 
$  129.1 
(1.7) 
$  127.4 

$ 

$ 

$ 

0.51 

0.51 

0.50 

  251.1 

  253.0 

2006
$ 1,107.2

$ 

$  104.0
16.2
87.8
18.2
69.6
(6.0)
63.6

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

0.28

0.25

0.25

  249.8

  252.1

Consolidated Statements of Retained Earnings

Years ended March 31 
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) 
Retained earnings at beginning of year 
transition adjustments – Financial instruments (note 2) 
net earnings  
dividends 
Retained earnings at end of year 

the accompanying notes form an integral part of these  
Consolidated Financial statements.

2008 
$  510.2 
 (8.3) 
  152.7 
(10.1) 
$  644.5 

2007 
$  392.8 
– 
  127.4 
(10.0) 
$  510.2 

2006
$  339.2
–
63.6
(10.0)
$  392.8

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Years ended March 31 
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 
net earnings 
other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes:
foreign Currency translation adjustment 

 net foreign exchange (losses) gains on translation of financial 
  statements of self-sustaining foreign operations 
 net change in gains on certain long-term debt denominated  
  in foreign currency and designated as hedges on net investments  
  of self-sustaining foreign operations 

  Reclassifications to income 
Income tax adjustment 

  net Changes in Cash flow Hedge 
  net change in gains on derivative items designated as hedges of cash flows 
  Reclassifications to income or to the related non-financial assets or liabilities 

Income tax adjustment 

total other comprehensive (loss) income 
Comprehensive income 

the accompanying notes form an integral part of these  
Consolidated Financial statements.

2008 
$  152.7 

2007  
$  127.4 

2006
63.6

$ 

(50.2) 

26.1 

(49.2)

 15.7 
– 
 (0.6) 
(35.1) 

29.7 
(25.2) 
(1.4) 
3.1 
(32.0) 
$  120.7 

1.5 
– 
(0.1) 
27.5 

– 
– 
– 
– 
27.5 
$  154.9 

4.6
(5.3)
1.0
(48.9)

–
–
–
–
(48.9)
14.7

$ 

Consolidated Statement  
of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

As at and for the year ended March 31, 2008 
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) 
Foreign currency translation adjustment reclassification 
transition adjustments – Financial instruments (note 2) 
Balance in accumulated other comprehensive loss on April 1, 2007 
details of other comprehensive loss:
  net change in (losses) gains 
  Reclassifications to income or to the related non financial assets or liabilities 

Income tax adjustment 

total other comprehensive loss for year  
Balance in accumulated other comprehensive loss  

the accompanying notes form an integral part of these  
Consolidated Financial statements.

Foreign 
Currency 
translation 
Adjustment 
(87.7) 
– 
(87.7) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Cash Flow 
hedge 
– 
(3.5) 
(3.5) 

$ 

accumulated 
other 
Comprehensive 
loss
(87.7)
(3.5)
(91.2)

$ 

$ 

(34.5) 
– 
(0.6) 
(35.1) 
$ 
$  (122.8) 

29.7 
(25.2) 
(1.4) 
3.1 
(0.4) 

$ 
$ 

(4.8)
(25.2)
(2.0)
(32.0)
$ 
$ (123.2)

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 

Years ended March 31
(amounts in millions of Canadian dollars) 
operating activities
net earnings 
Results of discontinued operations (note 5) 
Earnings from continuing operations 
Adjustments to reconcile earnings to cash flows from operating activities: 
  depreciation 
  Financing cost amortization 
  Amortization and write down of intangible and other assets 
  Future income taxes (note 14) 

Investment tax credits  

  stock-based compensation plans (note 16) 
  Employee future benefits, net 
  other 
  Changes in non-cash working capital (note 18) 
net cash provided by continuing operating activities 
net cash provided by discontinued operating activities 
net cash provided by operating activities  

investing activities
Business acquisitions (net of cash and cash equivalents acquired) (note 3) 
proceeds from disposal of discontinued operations  
  (net of cash and cash equivalents disposed) (note 5) 
Capital expenditures 
deferred development costs 
deferred pre-operating costs 
other 
net cash used in continuing investing activities 
net cash used in discontinued investing activities 
net cash used in investing activities 

financing activities
net borrowing under revolving unsecured credit facilities (note 12) 
proceeds from long-term debt, net of transaction costs and debt basis 
  adjustment (note 12) 
Reimbursement of long-term debt (note 12) 
dividends paid 
Common stock issuance (note 15) 
other 
net cash provided by (used in) continuing financing activities 
net cash provided by discontinued financing activities 
net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 
effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 
net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

supplementary Cash Flows Information (note 18) 
the accompanying notes form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial statements.

  2008 

  2007 

  2006

$  152.7 
12.1 
  164.8 

$  127.4 
1.7 
  129.1 

$ 

63.6
6.0
69.6

60.6 
0.8 
16.9 
26.4 
15.4 
(0.8) 
0.1 
(7.6) 
(15.7) 
  260.9 
– 
  260.9 

55.0 
0.8 
15.8 
(14.2) 
19.3 
24.6 
(0.9) 
(10.4) 
20.2 
  239.3 
– 
  239.3 

52.5
2.2
22.9
5.1
(11.8)
12.2
(2.0)
(3.9)
79.1
  225.9
2.1
  228.0

(41.8) 

(4.4) 

2.6

– 
  (189.5) 
(16.5) 
(3.9) 
(5.5) 
  (257.2) 
– 
  (257.2) 

(3.8) 
  (158.1) 
(3.0) 
(5.9) 
(2.9) 
  (178.1) 
– 
  (178.1) 

– 

(0.6) 

  141.1 
(37.4) 
(9.8) 
13.9 
(5.9) 
  101.9 
– 
  101.9 
(0.1) 
  105.5 
  150.2 
$  255.7 

45.8 
(39.8) 
(9.8) 
10.0 
(2.1) 
3.5 
– 
3.5 
4.4 
69.1 
81.1 
$  150.2 

(4.9)
  (130.1)
(1.8)
(0.7)
(9.9)
  (144.8)
(2.3)
  (147.1)

(30.7)

32.1
(65.7)
(9.7)
8.0
11.6
(54.4)
1.2
(53.2)
(8.1)
19.6
61.5
81.1

$ 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Years ended March 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 (amounts in millions of Canadian dollars)

note 1 – nature of operations and signifiCant aCCounting poliCies 

nature of operations
CAE Inc. (or the Company) designs, manufactures and supplies simulation equipment and services and develops integrated training 
solutions for the military, commercial airlines, business aircraft operators and aircraft manufacturers. CAE’s flight simulators replicate 
aircraft performance in normal and abnormal operations as well as a comprehensive set of environmental conditions utilizing visual 
systems that contain an extensive database of airports, other landing areas, flying environments, motion and sound cues to create a 
fully immersive training environment. the Company offers a full range of flight training devices based on the same software used in its 
simulators. the Company also operates a global network of training centres in locations around the world. 

the Company’s operations are managed through four segments: 

(i)  simulation products/Civil – designs, manufactures and supplies civil flight simulators, training devices and visual systems;

(ii)  simulation products/Military – designs, manufactures and supplies advanced military training products for air, land and sea 

applications;

(iii)  training & services/Civil – provides business and commercial aviation training and related services;

(iv)  training & services/Military – supplies military turnkey training and operational solutions, support services, life extensions, 

systems maintenance and modelling and simulation solutions.

generally accepted accounting principles and financial statement presentation
the Company’s accounting policies and those of its subsidiaries conform, in all material respects, to Canadian generally accepted 
accounting  principles  (gAAp),  as  defined  by  the  Canadian  Institute  of  Chartered  Accountants  (CICA).  In  some  respects,  these 
accounting  principles  differ  from  united  states  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  (u.s.  gAAp).  the  main  differences  are 
described in note 26.

Except where otherwise indicated, all amounts in these consolidated financial statements are expressed in Canadian dollars.

use of estimates
the preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with gAAp requires CAE’s management (Management) to make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities 
at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the period reported. 
Management reviews its estimates on an ongoing basis, particularly as they relate to accounting for long-term contracts, useful lives, 
employee  future  benefits,  income  taxes,  impairment  of  long-lived  assets,  fair  value  of  certain  financial  instruments,  goodwill  and 
intangibles, based on Management’s best knowledge of current events and actions that the Company may undertake in the future. 
Actual results could differ from those estimates; significant changes in estimates and/or assumptions could result in the impairment 
of certain assets.

Basis of consolidation 
the consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CAE Inc. and of all its majority-owned subsidiaries, and variable interest 
entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. they also include the Company’s proportionate share of assets, liabilities 
and earnings of joint ventures  in which the Company  has an interest  (refer to  note 4). All  significant intercompany accounts and 
transactions have been eliminated. Investments over which the Company exercises significant influence are accounted for using the 
equity method and portfolio investments are accounted for at fair value unless there is no readily available market value.

revenue recognition
multiple-element arrangements
the Company sometimes enters into multiple-element revenue arrangements, which may include a combination of design, engineering 
and manufacturing of flight simulators, spare parts and maintenance. A multiple-element arrangement is separated into more than 
one unit of accounting, and applicable revenue recognition criteria is considered separately for the different units of accounting if all 
of the following criteria are met:

(i)  the delivered item has value to the customer on a stand-alone basis;

(ii)  there are objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered item (or items);

(iii) 

If the arrangement includes a general right of return related to the delivered item, delivery or performance of the undelivered 
item is considered probable and substantially in the control of the vendor.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  79

note 1 – nature of operations and signifiCant aCCounting poliCies (continued) 
the allocation of the revenue from a multiple deliverable agreement is based on fair value of an undelivered item as evidenced by the 
price of the item regularly charged by the Company on an individual basis or on other foundations covered by the concept of vendor-
specific  objective  evidence  as  presented  in  the  statement  of  position  (sop)  97-2,  Software  Revenue  Recognition  issued  by  the 
American  Institute  of  Certified  public  Accountants.  the  Company  does  enter  into  stand-alone  transactions  on  a  regular  basis  in 
regards to the sale of spare parts and maintenance arrangements, therefore the price charged when the elements are sold separately 
is readily available. the process for determining fair value of undelivered items, with respect to the design, engineering and manufacturing 
of flight simulators, entails evaluating each transaction and taking into account the unique features of each deal.

the applicable revenue recognition criteria for the separated units of accounting in regards to the individual design, engineering and 
manufacturing of flight simulators, spare parts and maintenance elements are described below.

long-term contracts
Revenue  from  long-term  contracts  for  the  design,  engineering  and  manufacturing  of  flight  simulators  is  recognized  using  the 
percentage-of-completion method when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, when the fee is fixed or determinable and 
when collection is reasonably certain. under this method, revenue and earnings are recorded as related costs are incurred, on the 
basis of the percentage of actual costs incurred to date, related to the estimated total costs to complete the contract. the cumulative 
impact of any revisions in cost and earning estimates are reflected in the period in which the need for a revision becomes known. 
provisions for estimated contract losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which the loss is determined. Contract losses are 
measured at the amount by which the estimated total costs exceed the estimated total revenue from the contract. Warranty provisions 
are  recorded  when  revenue  is  recognized,  based  on  past  experience.  generally,  no  right  of  return  or  complementary  upgrade  is 
provided to customers. post-delivery customer support is billed separately, and revenue is recognized over the support period.

product maintenance
Revenue from maintenance contracts is recognized in earnings on a straight-line basis over the contract period. In situations when  
it  is  clear  that  costs  will  be  incurred  by  using  a  basis  other  than  a  straight-line  method,  based  on  historical  evidence,  revenue  
is recognized over the contract period in proportion to the costs expected to be incurred in performing services under the contract.

spare parts
Revenue from the sale of spare parts is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred,  
the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured.

software arrangements
the  Company  also  enters  into  software  arrangements  to  sell,  independently  or  in  multiple-element  arrangements,  stand-alone 
software, services, maintenance and software customization. Revenue from software arrangements is recognized in accordance with 
the guidance set out in the sop 97-2 as described in more detail as follows:

(i)  stand-alone products 

Revenue  from  software  license  arrangements  that  do  not  require  significant  production,  modification,  or  customization  
of software, is recognized when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or 
determinable and collection is reasonably assured.

(ii)  Consulting services

Revenues arising from direct consulting or training services that are provided to customers are recognized as the services 
are rendered.

(iii)  Maintenance

Maintenance and support revenues are recognized ratably over the term of the related agreements.

(iv)  Multiple-element arrangements

the Company sometimes enters into multiple-element revenue software arrangements, which may include any combination 
of  software,  services  or  training,  customization  and  maintenance.  In  such  instances,  the  fee  is  allocated  to  the  various 
elements as previously described. 

(v)  long-term software arrangements

Revenues from fixed-price software arrangements and software customization contracts that require significant production, 
modification, or customization of software are also recognized under the percentage-of-completion method.

training services
training  services  are  recognized  when  persuasive  evidence  of  an  arrangement  exists,  the  fee  is  fixed  or  determinable,  recovery  
is reasonably certain and the services have been rendered.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  80

 
 
 
 
 
foreign currency translation 
self-sustaining foreign operations
Assets and liabilities of self-sustaining foreign operations are translated at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and 
revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates for the period. Foreign gains or losses arising from the translation 
into Canadian dollars are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, which is a separate component of shareholders’ equity.

Amounts related to foreign currency translation in accumulated other comprehensive loss are released to the Consolidated statement 
of Earnings when the Company reduces its overall net investment in foreign operations by way of a reduction in capital or through the 
settlement of long-term intercompany balances, which had been considered part of the Company’s overall net investment.

foreign currency transactions
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated at the prevailing exchange 
rate at the balance sheet date. non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency and 
revenue and expense items are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rate prevailing at the dates of the respective 
transactions. translation gains or losses are included in the determination of earnings, except those related to long-term intercompany 
account balances, which form part of the overall net investment in foreign operations, and those arising from the translation of debt 
denominated  in  foreign  currencies  and  designated  as  hedges  on  the  overall  net  investments  of  self-sustaining  foreign  operations 
which are included in the accumulated other comprehensive loss.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly-liquid investments with original terms to maturity of 90 days or less at date  
of purchase.

accounts receivable
Receivables are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, net of a provision for doubtful accounts, based on expected 
recoverability. the Company is involved in a program under which it sells certain of its accounts receivable to a third party for a cash 
consideration  without  recourse  to  the  Company.  these  transactions  are  accounted  for  when  the  Company  is  considered  to  have 
surrendered control over the transferred accounts receivable. losses and gains on these transactions are recognized in net earnings.

inventories
long-term contract inventories resulting from applying the percentage-of-completion method to account for revenues for most of the 
Company’s long-term contracts are included as part of inventories and consist of materials, direct labour, relevant manufacturing 
overhead, and estimated contract margins. 

Work in process is stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. the cost of work in process includes material, labour, and  
an allocation of manufacturing overhead. 

Raw materials are valued at the lower of average cost and replacement cost. spare parts to be used in the normal course of business 
are valued at the lower of cost and replacement cost. 

long-lived assets
property, plant and equipment and amortization
property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation, net of any impairment charges. the declining 
balance and straight-line methods are used to calculate amortization over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

Buildings and improvements 
simulators 
Machinery and equipment 

Method 

Rates / Years

declining balance / straight-line 
straight-line (10% residual) 
declining balance / straight-line  

5 to 10% / 10 to 20 years
not exceeding 25 years
20 to 35% / 3 to 10 years

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  81

 
note 1 – nature of operations and signifiCant aCCounting poliCies (continued) 

asset retirement obligations
Asset retirement obligations are recognized in the period in which the Company incurs a legal obligation associated to the retirement 
of an asset. the obligation is measured initially at fair value discounted to its present value using a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate, 
and the resulting costs are capitalized into the carrying value of the related assets. the associated liability is accreted to the estimated 
fair value of the obligation at the settlement date through periodic accretion charges to earnings. Costs related to asset retirement 
obligations are depreciated over the remaining useful life of the underlying asset. 

the Company has a known conditional asset retirement obligation which is the asbestos remediation activities to be performed in the 
future, that is not reasonably estimable due to insufficient information about the timing and method of settlement of the obligation. 
Accordingly, this obligation has not been recorded in the consolidated financial statements because the fair value cannot be reasonably 
estimated.  A  liability  for  this  obligation  will  be  recorded  in  the  period  when  sufficient  information  regarding  timing  and  method  
of settlement becomes available to make a reasonable estimate of the liability’s fair value.

leases
the Company enters into leases in which substantially all the benefits and risks of ownership transferred to the Company are recorded 
as capital leases and classified as property, plant and equipment and long-term borrowings. All other leases are classified as operating 
leases under which leasing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred and straight-line over the terms of the lease. 
gains, net of transaction costs, related to the sale and leaseback of simulators are deferred and the net gains in excess of the residual 
value  guarantees  are  amortized  over  the  term  of  the  lease.  When  at  the  time  of  the  sale  and  leaseback  transactions,  the  fair  
value  of  the  asset  is  less  than  the  carrying  value,  the  difference  is  recognized  as  a  loss  in  the  Company’s  net  earnings  immediately.  
the residual value guarantees are ultimately recognized in the Company’s net earnings upon expiry of the related sale and leaseback 
agreement.

interest capitalization
Interest  costs  relating  to  the  construction  of  simulators,  buildings  for  training  centres  and  other  internally  developed  assets  are 
capitalized as part of the cost of property, plant and equipment. Capitalization of interest ceases when the asset is completed and 
ready for productive use.

intangible assets with definite useful lives and amortization
Intangible assets with definite useful lives are recorded at their fair value at the acquisition date. Amortization is calculated using the 
straight-line method for all intangible assets over their estimated useful lives as follows:

trade names 
Customer relations 
Customer contractual agreements  
technology 
Enterprise resource planning and other software  
other intangible assets 

  Amortization 
period 

 2 to 20 years
 4 to 10 years 
  10 to 15 years 
 5 to 10 years 
 5 to 10 years 
 3 to 20 years 

Weighted Average 
Amortization period

18
9
11
10
7
15

impairment of long-lived assets
long-lived assets or asset groups are reviewed for impairment upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances indicating 
that  the  carrying  value  of  the  assets  may  not  be  recoverable,  as  measured  by  comparing  its  carrying  amount  to  the  estimated 
undiscounted future cash flows generated by their use and eventual disposal. Impairment, if any, is measured as the excess of the 
carrying amount of the asset or asset group over its fair value.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
other assets 
research and development (r&d) costs
Research costs are charged to consolidated earnings in the period in which they are incurred. development costs are also charged 
to consolidated earnings in the period incurred unless they meet all the criteria for deferral, as per CICA handbook section 3450, 
Research and Development Costs, and their recovery is reasonably assured.  government contribution arising from research and 
development activities is deducted from the related costs or assets, if deferred. Amortization of development costs deferred to future 
periods commences with the commercial production of the product and is charged to consolidated earnings based on anticipated 
sales of the product, when possible, over a period not exceeding five years using the straight-line method.

pre-operating costs
the Company defers costs incurred during the pre-operating period for all new operations related to training centres. pre-operating 
costs are incremental in nature and are considered by Management to be recoverable from the future operations of the new training 
centre. Capitalization ceases upon the opening of the training centre. deferred pre-operating costs are amortized over a five-year 
period using the straight-line method.

deferred financing costs
deferred financing costs related to the revolving unsecured term credit facilities and sale and leaseback agreements are included  
in other assets and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related financing agreements.

restricted cash
the Company is required to hold a defined amount of cash as collateral under the terms of subsidiaries external bank financing, 
government-related sales contracts and business acquisition arrangements. 

Business combinations and goodwill
Acquisitions are accounted for using the purchase method and, accordingly, the results of operations of the acquired business are 
included in the Consolidated statements of Earnings effective on their respective dates of acquisition. 

goodwill  represents  the  excess  of  the  cost  of  acquired  businesses  over  the  net  of  the  amounts  assigned  to  identifiable  assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed. goodwill is tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances 
indicate a potential impairment in value. 

the impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair value of the Company’s reporting units with their carrying amount. When the 
carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the Company compares, in a second phase, the fair value of goodwill 
related to the reporting unit to its carrying value and recognizes, if required, an impairment loss equal to the excess. the fair value of 
a reporting unit is calculated based on one or more fair value measures, including present value techniques of estimated future cash 
flows and estimated amounts at which the unit, as a whole, could be purchased or sold in a current transaction between willing 
unrelated parties. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second phase requires the fair value of the 
reporting unit to be allocated to the underlying assets and liabilities of that reporting unit, resulting in an implied fair value of goodwill. 
If the carrying amount of that reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss equal to  
the excess is recorded in consolidated net earnings.

income taxes and investment tax credits 
the Company uses the tax liability method to account for income taxes. under this method, future income tax assets and liabilities 
are determined according to differences between the carrying value and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. 

this  method  also  requires  the  recognition  of  future  tax  benefits,  such  as  net  operating  loss  carryforwards,  to  the  extent  that  the 
realization of such benefits is more likely than not. A valuation allowance is recognized to the extent that, in the opinion of Management, 
it is more likely than not that the future income tax assets will not be realized. 

Future  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  by  applying  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  rates  and  laws  at  the  date  of  
the consolidated financial statements for the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. 

the  Company  does  not  provide  for  income  taxes  on  undistributed  earnings  of  foreign  subsidiaries  that  are  not  expected  to  
be repatriated in the foreseeable future.

Investment  tax  credits  (ItCs)  arising  from  R&d  activities  are  deducted  from  the  related  costs  and  are  accordingly  included  in  the 
determination of net earnings when there is reasonable assurance that the credits will be realized. ItCs arising from the acquisition or 
development of property, plant and equipment and deferred development costs are deducted from the cost of those assets with 
amortization calculated on the net amount.

the Company is subject to examination by taxation authorities in various jurisdictions. the determination of tax liabilities and ItCs 
recoverable involve certain uncertainties in the interpretation of complex tax regulations. therefore, the Company provides for potential 
tax  liabilities  and  ItCs  recoverable  based  on  Management’s  best  estimates.  differences  between  the  estimates  and  the  ultimate 
amounts of taxes and ItCs are recorded in net earnings at the time they can be determined.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  83

note 1 – nature of operations and signifiCant aCCounting poliCies (continued) 

stock-based compensation plans
the  Company’s  stock-based  compensation  plans  consist  of  five  individual  plans:  an  Employee  stock  option  plan  (Esop),  an 
Employee stock purchase plan (Espp), a deferred share unit (dsu) plan for executives, a long-term Incentive deferred share unit 
(ltI-dsu) plan and a long-term Incentive Restricted share unit (ltI-Rsu) plan. All plans are described in note 16.

using the fair value method, compensation expense is measured at the grant date and recognized over the service period with a 
corresponding increase to contributed surplus in shareholders’ equity. the Company estimates the fair value of options using the 
Black-scholes option pricing model. the Black-scholes option pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of 
traded options which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, valuation models generally require the input  
of highly-subjective assumptions including expected stock price volatility. 

In note 16, pro forma consolidated net earnings and pro forma basic and diluted net earnings per share, figures are presented as if 
the fair value based method of accounting had been used to account for stock options granted to employees during fiscal 2003.

A compensation expense is also recognized for the Company’s portion of the contributions made under the Espp and for the grant 
date amount of vested units at their respective valuations for the dsu, ltI-dsu and ltI-Rsu plans. Any subsequent changes in the 
Company’s  stock  price  affect  the  compensation  expense.  the  Company  has  entered  into  equity  swap  agreements  with  major 
Canadian financial institutions in order to reduce its cash and earnings exposure related to the fluctuation in the Company’s share 
price relating to the dsu and ltI-dsu programs.

CAE’s practice is to issue options in May of each fiscal year or at the time of hiring of new employees or new appointments. In both 
instances these options vest equally over four years. Any consideration paid by plan participants on the exercise of share options or 
the purchase of shares is credited to share capital together with any related stock-based compensation expense.

since the adoption of Emerging Issues Committee (EIC)-162, Stock-Based Compensation for Employees Eligible to Retire Before the 
Vesting Date, during fiscal 2007, the Company recognizes the stock-based compensation expense for employees who will become 
eligible for retirement during the vesting period over the period from grant date to the date the employee becomes eligible to retire. In 
addition, if an employee is eligible to retire on the grant date, the compensation expense must be recognized at that date unless the 
employee is under contract which, in that case, the compensation expense must be recognized over the term of the contract.

employee future benefits 
the Company maintains defined benefit pension plans that provide benefits based on length of service and final average earnings. 
the service costs and the pension obligations are actuarially determined using the projected benefit method prorated on employee 
service  and  Management’s  best  estimate  of  expected  plan  investment  performance,  salary  escalation  and  retirement  ages  of  
employees. For the purpose of calculating the expected return on plan assets, the relevant assets are valued at fair value. the excess 
of the net actuarial gain (loss) over 10% of the greater of the benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets is amortized over the 
remaining service period of active employees. past service costs, arising from plan amendments, are deferred and amortized on a 
straight-line basis over the average remaining service lives of active employees at the date of amendment. 

When  a  curtailment  arises,  any  unamortized  past  service  costs  associated  with  the  reduction  of  future  services  is  recognized 
immediately. Also, the increase or decrease in benefit obligations is recognized as a loss or gain, net of unrecognized actuarial gains 
or losses. Finally, when an event gives rise to both a curtailment and a settlement of obligations, the curtailment is accounted for prior 
to the settlement.

earnings per share 
Earnings per share are calculated by dividing consolidated net earnings available for common shareholders by the weighted average 
number of common shares outstanding during the year. the diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding is 
calculated by taking into account the dilution that would occur if the securities or other agreements for the issuance of common 
shares were exercised or converted into common shares at the later of the beginning of the period or the issuance date unless it is 
anti-dilutive. the treasury stock method is used to determine the dilutive effect of the stock options. the treasury stock method is a 
method of recognizing the use of proceeds that could be obtained upon the exercise of options and warrants in computing diluted 
earnings per share. It assumes that any proceeds would be used to purchase common shares at the average market price during  
the period. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  84

disposal of long-lived assets and discontinued operations
long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amounts or fair value less selling costs and 
are not amortized as long as they are classified as assets to be disposed of by sale. operating results of a company’s components 
disposed of by sale or being classified as held-for-sale are reported as discontinued operations if the operations and cash flows of 
those  components  have  been,  or  will  be,  eliminated  from  the  Company’s  current  operations  pursuant  to  the  disposal  and  if  the 
Company  does  not  have  significant  continuing  involvement  in  the  operations  of  the  component  after  the  disposal  transaction.  A 
component  of  an  enterprise  includes  operations  and  cash  flows  that  can  be  clearly  distinguished,  operationally  and  for  financial 
reporting purposes, from the rest of the Company’s operations and cash flows.

Hedging relationships and derivative financial instruments 
on April 1, 2007, the Company adopted CICA handbook section 1530, Comprehensive Income, section 3855, Financial Instruments 
– Recognition and Measurement and section 3865, Hedges, which provide accounting guidelines for recognition and measurement 
of financial assets, financial liabilities and non-financial derivatives, and describe when and how hedge accounting may be applied. 
the Company’s adoption of these financial instruments standards resulted in changes in the accounting for financial instruments and 
hedges which are further described in note 2.

government cost sharing
Contributions from Industry Canada under the technology partnerships Canada program (tpC) and from Investissement Québec for 
costs incurred in R&d programs, are recorded as a reduction of costs or as a reduction of capitalized costs.

A liability to repay the government contribution is recognized when conditions arise and the repayment thereof is reflected in the 
consolidated statements of earnings when royalties become due.

severance, termination benefits and costs associated with exit and disposal activities
In accordance with EIC-134, Accounting for Severance and Termination Benefits and EIC-135, Accounting for Costs Associated with 
Exit and Disposal Activities (Including Costs Incurred in a Restructuring), the Company recognizes severance benefits that do not vest 
when the decision is made to terminate the employee. special termination benefits are accounted for when Management commits to 
a plan that specifically identifies all significant actions to be taken and commits the entity to the event that obligates it under the terms 
of  the  contract  with  its  employees  to  pay  such  termination  benefits.  such  termination  benefits  and  the  benefit  arrangement  are 
communicated to the employees in sufficient detail to enable them to determine the type and amount of benefits they will receive 
when their employment is terminated. All other costs associated with restructuring, exit and disposal activities are recognized in the 
period in which they are incurred and measured at their fair value. 

disclosure of guarantees
the Company discloses information concerning certain types of guarantees that may require payments, contingent on specified types 
of future events. In the normal course of business, CAE issues letters of credit and performance guarantees.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  85

note 2 – CHanges in aCCounting poliCies 

accounting changes
on April 1, 2007, the Company adopted CICA handbook section 1506, Accounting Changes. this standard establishes criteria for 
changing accounting policies, along with the accounting treatment and disclosure regarding changes in accounting policies, estimates 
and correction of errors. the application of this revised standard had no effect to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

financial instruments and hedging relationships
on April 1, 2007, the Company adopted CICA handbook section 1530, Comprehensive Income, section 3855, Financial Instruments 
– Recognition and Measurement and section 3865, Hedges, which provide accounting guidelines for recognition and measurement 
of financial assets, financial liabilities and non-financial derivatives, and describe when and how hedge accounting may be applied.

the Company’s adoption of these financial instruments standards resulted in changes in the accounting for financial instruments and 
hedges.  the  impact  of  these  new  standards  is  presented  as  a  transitional  adjustment  in  opening  retained  earnings  and  opening 
accumulated other comprehensive loss, as applicable. the comparative consolidated financial statements have not been restated 
except for the foreign currency translation adjustment, which is now disclosed as a part of accumulated other comprehensive loss. 
the resulting changes in the accounting for financial instruments and hedges due to the adoption of these accounting standards are 
described further.

(i)  Comprehensive income 

 Comprehensive  income,  established  under  CICA  section  1530,  is  a  standard  that  provides  guidance  on  the  presentation  of 
comprehensive income which is defined as the change in shareholders’ equity, from transactions and other events and circumstances 
from non-owner sources, and is composed of the Company’s net earnings and other comprehensive income (loss). 

 other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are recognized in comprehensive income 
(loss), but excluded from net earnings, and includes net changes in unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses) on translating 
financial statements of self-sustaining foreign operations, net changes in gains (losses) on items designated as hedges on net 
investments including reclassification to earnings and net changes in gains (losses) on derivative items designated as hedges of 
cash flows and net changes on financial assets classified as available for sale, all net of income taxes. 

(ii)  Financial assets and financial liabilities

 section 3855 requires that financial assets and financial liabilities, including derivative financial instruments, be recognized on  
the consolidated balance sheet when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument. 
on initial recognition, all financial instruments subject to section 3855, including embedded derivative financial instruments 
that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, must be measured at fair value. Financial assets and financial 
liabilities  are  initially  recognized  at  fair  value  and  are  classified  into  one  of  these  five  categories:  held-for-trading,  held-to-
maturity investments, loans and receivables, other financial liabilities and available-for-sale financial instruments. they are 
subsequently accounted for based on their classification as described below. the classification depends on the purpose for 
which the financial instruments were acquired and their characteristics. Except in very limited circumstances, the classification 
is not changed subsequent to initial recognition.

Held-for-trading
 Financial instruments classified as held-for-trading are carried at fair value at each balance sheet date with the changes 
in  fair  value  recorded  in  net  earnings  in  the  period  in  which  these  changes  arise.  section  3855  allows  an  entity  to 
designate  any  financial  instrument  as  held-for-trading  on  initial  recognition  or  adoption  of  the  accounting  standard  if 
reliable fair values are available, even if that instrument would not otherwise satisfy the definition of held-for-trading (fair 
value option).

Held-to-maturity investments, loans and receivables and other financial liabilities
 Financial instruments classified as held-to-maturity investments, loans and receivables, and other financial liabilities are 
carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. the interest income or expense is included in net earnings 
in the period. the Company’s long-term debt, including related debt issue costs, is accounted for at the amortized cost 
using the effective interest method.

Available-for-sale
 Financial instruments classified as available-for-sale are carried at fair value at each balance sheet date with the changes 
in fair value recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) in the period in which the changes arise. securities that are 
classified as available-for-sale and do not have a readily available market value are recorded at cost. Available-for-sale 
securities  are  written  down  to  fair  value  through  earnings  whenever  it  is  necessary  to  reflect  other-than-temporary 
impairment. upon de-recognition, all cumulative gains or losses are then recognized in net earnings.

 As a result of the adoption of these new standards, the Company has classified its cash and cash equivalents as held-for-
trading. Accounts receivable are classified as loans and receivables. Except for a minority interest investment classified as 
available-for-sale, the Company’s investments consist of equity of entities subject to significant influence and joint ventures 
which are excluded from the scope of this standard. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and long-term debt, including 
interest payable, are classified as other financial liabilities, all of which are measured at amortized cost using the effective 
interest method. All derivative instruments are classified as held-for-trading.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(iii)  derivatives and hedge accounting

Derivatives
 All derivative instruments are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value at each balance sheet date. derivatives 
may be embedded in other financial instruments or in a non-financial contract (host contract). prior to the adoption of the new 
standards,  such  embedded  derivatives  were  not  accounted  for  separately  from  the  host  contract.  under  the  new  standards, 
embedded derivatives are treated as separate derivatives if their economic characteristics and risks are not clearly and closely 
related to those of the host contract, the terms of the embedded derivative are the same as those of a stand-alone derivative, and 
the combined contract is not held for trading or designated at fair value. these embedded derivatives are measured at fair value 
at each balance sheet date with subsequent changes recognized in net earnings in the period in which the changes arise.

Hedge accounting
 under the new standards, all derivatives are recorded at fair value. the method of recognizing fair value gains and losses 
depends on whether derivatives are held for trading or are designated as hedging instruments, and, if the latter, the nature 
of  the  risks  being  hedged.  All  gains  and  losses  from  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  derivatives  not  designated  as  hedges  are 
recognized  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  earnings.  When  derivatives  are  designated  as  hedges,  the  Company  classifies 
them either as: (a) hedges of the change in fair value of recognized assets or liabilities or firm commitments (fair value hedges); 
or (b) hedges of the variability in highly probable future cash flows attributable to a recognized asset or liability, or a forecasted 
transaction (cash flow hedges).

Fair value hedge
 the  Company  has  outstanding  and  discontinued  interest  rate  swap  contracts,  which  it  designates  as  fair  value  hedges 
related  to  variations  of  the  fair  value  of  its  long-term  debt  due  to  change  in  lIBoR  interest  rates.  In  a  fair  value  hedge 
relationship outstanding on the transition date, gains or losses from the measurement of derivative hedging instruments at 
fair value are recorded in earnings, while gains or losses on the hedged items attributable to the hedged risks are accounted 
for as an adjustment to the carrying amount of hedged items and are recorded in earnings. For the fair value hedge that was 
discontinued prior to the transaction date, the carrying amount of the hedged item is adjusted by the remaining balance of 
any deferred gain or loss on the hedging item. the adjustment is amortized in earnings. 

Cash flow hedge
 the Company has forward exchange and swap contracts, which it designates as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions. 
In the case that all the critical terms of the hedging items and the forecasted transactions coincide (such as dates, quantities, 
delivery location), the Company assumes the hedge to be perfectly effective against changes in the overall fair value of the 
forecasted transactions. otherwise, the amounts and timing of future cash flows are projected on the basis of their contractual 
terms and estimated progress on projects. the aggregate cash flows over time form the basis for identifying the effective portion 
of  gains  and  losses  on  the  derivative  instruments  designated  as  cash  flow  hedges  of  forecasted  transactions.  the  effective 
portion of changes in the fair value of derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is recognized in 
comprehensive income (loss). Any gain or loss in fair value relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in earnings. 
Amounts accumulated in other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified to the consolidated statements of earnings in the 
period in which the hedged item affects earnings or are included in the initial carrying value of the related non financial asset 
acquired or liability incurred. When a hedging instrument expires or is sold, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for 
hedge  accounting,  any  cumulative  gain  or  loss  existing  in  other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  at  that  time  remains  in  other 
comprehensive income (loss) until the forecasted transaction is eventually recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings. 
When it is probable that a forecasted transaction will not occur, the cumulative gain or loss that was reported in other comprehensive 
income (loss) is recognized immediately in earnings.

Hedge of self-sustaining foreign operations
 the  Company  has  designated  certain  long-term  debt  as  a  hedge  of  its  overall  net  investments  in  self-sustaining  foreign 
operations. the portion of gains or losses on the hedging item that is determined to be an effective hedge is recognized in 
other comprehensive income, while the ineffective portion is recorded in net earnings. 

Transaction costs
 under the new standards, transaction costs related to the issuance or acquisition of financial assets and liabilities (other than 
those classified as held-for-trading) may be either all recognized into earnings as incurred, or are recorded with the asset or 
liability to which they are associated and amortized using the effective-interest rate method. previously, the Company had 
deferred these costs and amortized them over the life of the related financial asset or liability.

 the Company elected to record transaction costs with the asset or liability to which they are associated and amortize them 
using  the  effective-interest  rate  method.  As  a  result,  the  Company  reclassified  deferred  financing  costs,  resulting  in  an 
adjustment to long-term debt on April 1, 2007.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 2 – CHanges in aCCounting poliCies (continued) 
the impact on the consolidated balance sheet was as follows as at April 1, 2007:

(amounts in millions) 

Assets 
  Accounts receivable 

Inventories 
Income taxes recoverable 

  property, plant and equipment, net 
  other assets 

Liabilities 
  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
  deposits on contracts 
  Current portion of long-term debt   
  long-term debt 
  deferred gains and other long-term liabilities 

Shareholders’ Equity 
  Retained earnings 
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

 Reclassification 

Increase 
 (decrease) 

$ 

–
– 
– 
– 
(1.5)   

$  7.8  
1.2 
5.5 
(0.7)   
4.4 

$ (1.5)   

$ 18.2 

$ 

– 
– 
(0.1)   
(1.4)   
– 

$ (1.5)   

$  7.7 
3.2 
– 
2.5 
16.6 

$ 30.0 

$ 

– 
– 

$  (8.3)   
(3.5)   

$  (1.5)   

$ 18.2  

total

$  7.8
1.2
5.5
(0.7)
2.9

$ 16.7

$  7.7
3.2
(0.1)
1.1
16.6

$ 28.5

$  (8.3)
(3.5)

$ 16.7

the following table summarizes the required transition adjustments upon adoption of the relevant standards as at April 1, 2007:

(amounts in millions) 

Financial instruments classified as held-for-trading 
Effect of discontinued hedging relations 
Carrying value difference of financial instruments  
  recognized as held-to-maturity, loans and receivables  
  and other financial liabilities carried at amortized cost  
  using the effective interest method   
Fair value of cash flow hedges 
Effect of initial recognition of embedded derivatives 
other 
Income tax adjustment 

Retained earnings 

Accumulated other 
comprehensive loss

$ (0.3)

 (2.6)   

 (0.1)   –
(0.1) 
 (9.4)   
0.3 
  3.9 

$  (8.3)    

$ 

–
–

(6.0)
–
0.9
1.6

$  (3.5)

All  derivative  financial  instruments,  including  embedded  derivatives  that  are  not  clearly  and  closely  related  to  those  of  the  host 
instrument,  are  recorded  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  at  fair  value.  the  Company  does  not  use  any  derivative  financial 
instruments for trading or speculative purposes. short-term and long-term derivative assets have been included as part of accounts 
receivable and other assets respectively, while short-term and long-term derivative liabilities have been included as part of accounts 
payable and accrued liabilities, and deferred gains and other long-term liabilities, in that order. gains and losses of financial instruments 
classified  as  held-for-trading,  net  of  taxes,  including  derivatives  not  qualifying  for  hedge  accounting  in  accordance  with  the  new 
standards and which were not previously recorded at fair value, have been recognized in the opening balance of retained earnings. 
Adjustments, net of taxes, arising from the difference at transition between the carrying value of financial instruments recognized as 
held-to-maturity, loans and receivables and other financial liabilities carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method and 
their carrying value as at March 31, 2007, have been recognized in the opening balance of retained earnings. other adjustments 
including those arising as a result of re-measuring hedging instruments designated as cash flow hedges are recognized in the opening 
balance of accumulated other comprehensive income and opening retained earnings, net of taxes. 

the  effects  of  the  initial  recognition  of  embedded  derivatives  have  been  recognized  in  the  opening  balance  of  retained  earnings. 
Finally, the cumulative translation adjustment balance previously disclosed as a separate component of shareholders’ equity has been 
reclassified to accumulated other comprehensive loss.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
future CHanges to aCCounting standards
financial instrument – disclosures and presentation
In december 2006, the AcsB issued CICA handbook section 3862, Financial instruments – Disclosures and section 3863, Financial 
instruments – Presentation. under these new sections, entities will be required to disclose information that enables users to evaluate 
the significance of a financial instrument to an entity’s financial position and performance. these sections are effective for interim and 
annual financial statements relating to fiscal years beginning on or after october 1, 2007. the Company is currently evaluating the 
impact of these new standards.

Capital disclosure
In december 2006, the AcsB issued handbook section 1535, Capital Disclosures, which establishes guidelines for the disclosure of 
information regarding an entity’s capital and how it is managed. this standard requires disclosure of an entity’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing capital, quantitative data about what the entity regards as capital and whether the entity has complied with 
any capital requirements and, if it has not complied, the consequences of such non-compliance. this standard is effective for interim 
and annual financial statements relating to fiscal years beginning on or after october 1, 2007. the Company is currently evaluating 
the impact of this new standard.

inventories
In March 2007, the AcsB approved new section 3031, Inventories, which will replace existing section 3030 with the same title. the 
new section establishes that inventories should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value, with guidance on the 
determination of cost, including allocation of overheads and other costs to inventory and requires the allocation of fixed production 
overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. the final standard is effective for interim and annual 
financial statements relating to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2008. the Company is currently evaluating the impact of 
this new standard.

intangible assets
In november 2007, the AcsB approved new section 3064, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, replacing sections 3062, Goodwill and 
Other Intangible Assets, and 3450, Research and Development Costs. new section 3064 incorporates material from International 
Accounting  standard  (IAs)  38,  Intangible  Assets,  addressing  when  an  internally  developed  intangible  asset  meets  the  criteria  for 
recognition as an asset. the AcsB also approved amendments to section 1000, Financial Statement Concepts, and Accounting 
guideline  Acg-11,  Enterprises  in  the  Development  Stage.  the  amendments  to  Acg-11  provide  consistency  with  section  3064. 
EIC-27, Revenues and Expenditures during the Pre-operating Period, will not apply to entities that have adopted section 3064. these 
changes are effective for fiscal years beginning on or after october 1, 2008, with earlier adoption permitted. the Company is currently 
evaluating the impact of this standard which will be applied for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2009.

international financial reporting standards (ifrs)
In January 2006, the AcsB adopted a strategic plan calling for the adoption of IFRss by publicly accountable enterprises in Canada, 
after a specified transition period. the AcsB has recently confirmed January 1, 2011 as the changeover date (i.e., the date IFRss will 
replace current Canadian standards and interpretations as gAAp for this category of reporting entity). As a result, the Company is 
required to prepare its consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRss for interim and annual financial statements relating 
to fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2011, which, in the Company’s case would result in the application of IFRs for the fiscal 
year beginning April 1, 2011, at the latest. on February 13, 2008, the Canadian securities Administrators (CsA) issued, for public 
comment, a Concept paper proposing that listed companies be permitted to adopt IFRss earlier, for financial years beginning on or 
after January 1, 2009. the Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting IFRs on its consolidated financial statements.

note 3 – Business aCquisitions and ComBinations 

fisCal 2008
the Company acquired four businesses for a total cost, including acquisition costs, of $52.4 million which was payable primarily in 
cash. the total costs do not include potential additional consideration of $12 million that is contingent on certain conditions being 
satisfied, which, if met, would be recorded as additional goodwill.

engenuity technologies inc.
during  the  first  quarter,  the  Company  acquired  Engenuity  technologies  Inc.  (Engenuity)  which  develops  commercial-off-the-shelf 
(Cots) simulation and visualization software for the aerospace and defence markets.

multigen-paradigm inc. 
during the first quarter, the Company acquired Multigen-paradigm Inc. (Multigen), a supplier of real-time Cots software for creating 
and visualizing simulation solutions and creating industry standard visual simulation file formats.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  89

note 3 – Business aCquisitions and ComBinations (continued)

macmet technologies limited
during the second quarter, the Company acquired 76% of the outstanding shares of Macmet technologies limited (Macmet). Macmet 
assembles, repairs and upgrades flight simulators, tank and gunnery trainers, as well as develops software required for simulations.

As part of this agreement, the Company was given a call option on the remaining 24% of outstanding shares. the call option expires 
six years from the acquisition completion date. At the expiry of the call option period, the remaining shareholders of Macmet can 
exercise a put option and require the Company to purchase the remaining outstanding shares. As such, the Company considers that 
all  outstanding  shares  have  been  purchased  and  100%  of  Macmet’s  results  have  been  consolidated  by  the  Company  since  the 
acquisition date. 

flightscape inc. 
during the second quarter, the Company acquired Flightscape Inc. (Flightscape), which provides expertise in flight data analysis and 
flight sciences and develops software solutions that enable the effective study and understanding of recorded flight data to improve 
safety, maintenance and flight operations. 

fisCal 2007
Kesem international ptY ltd
during the third quarter, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding shares of Kesem International pty ltd (Kesem), which 
offers a range of professional services to support design, analysis and experimentation in the defence and homeland security markets. 
total consideration for this acquisition, excluding acquisition costs of $0.3 million, amounted to Aud$5.0 million ($4.6 million) payable 
in cash.

fisCal 2006
terrain experts inc.
during the first quarter, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding shares of terrain Experts Inc. (terrex), which develops 
software tools for terrain database generation and visualization. 

total consideration for this acquisition was us$11.1 million ($14.0 million) payable in common shares issued by CAE and a nominal 
cash portion.

the total net assets of all acquisitions are summarized as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

Current assets (1) 
Current liabilities 
property, plant and equipment 
other assets 
Intangible assets 
  trade names 
  technology 
  Customer relations 
goodwill (2) 
Future income taxes 
long-term debt 
long-term liabilities 

fair value of net assets acquired, excluding cash position at acquisition 
Cash position at acquisition 

fair value of net assets acquired   
less : Call/put option payable 

Issuance of 1,000,000 shares (note 15) 

  shares to be issued (3) 

total cash consideration (4)  

2008 

$  13.7  
(23.4)   
2.3 
2.8 

1.5 
20.8    
5.9 
28.8 
(5.6)   
(1.8)   
(2.1)   

42.9 
9.5 

52.4 
(1.1)   
– 
– 

2007 

$  0.9  
(1.1)   
0.1 
– 

0.1 
0.1 
0.6 
4.1 
(0.2)   
– 
(0.2)   

4.4 
0.5 

4.9 
– 
– 
– 

2006

$ 1.9
(2.1)
0.3
3.3

0.3
1.6
0.8
4.5
0.5
–
–

11.1
2.9

14.0
–
(6.1)
(7.6)

$  51.3  

$  4.9  

$ 0.3

(1) Excluding cash on hand.
(2) this goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.
(3) had been accounted for as a liability pending issuance.
(4) the total cash consideration includes acquisition costs of $4.0 million in fiscal 2008, $0.3 million in fiscal 2007 and $0.2 million for fiscal 2006.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  90

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the net assets of Engenuity are segregated between the simulation products/Military and training & services/Military segments. the 
net assets of terrex, Multigen and Macmet are included in the simulation products/Military segment. the net assets of Flightscape are 
included in the training & services/Civil segment. the net assets of Kesem are included in the training & services/Military segment. 

the above-listed acquisitions were accounted for under the purchase method and the operating results have been included from their 
acquisition date.

note 4 – investment in Joint ventures 

the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of earnings and cash flows include, on a proportionate 
consolidation  basis,  the  impact  of  its  joint  venture  companies  of  Zhuhai  Xiang  Yi  Aviation  technology  Company  limited  –  49%, 
helicopter  training  Media  International  gmbh  –  50%,  helicopter  Flight  training  services  gmbh  –  25%,  the  Emirates-CAE  Flight 
training Center – 50% (starting fiscal 2007), Embraer CAE training services llC – 49% (starting fiscal 2008), and hatsoff helicopter 
training private limited – 50% (starting fiscal 2008).

Except for the helicopter training Media International gmbh joint venture, whose operations are essentially focused on designing, 
manufacturing and supplying advanced helicopter military training product applications, the other joint venture companies’ operations 
are focused on providing civil and military aviation training and related services. 

the impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements from all joint ventures is as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

2008 

2007 

2006

assets 
  Current assets 
  property, plant and equipment and other non-current assets 
liabilities 
  Current liabilities 
  long-term debt (including current portion) 

earnings 
  Revenue 
  net earnings 
  segmented operating income 
simulation products/Military 
training and services/Civil 
training and services/Military 

Cash flows from (used in) 
  operating activities 
Investing activities 
  Financing activities 

$  33.8 
163.1 

22.9 
75.9 

$  60.6 
11.8 

$  24.5 
159.4 

12.0 
59.2 

$  50.0 
6.8 

0.6 
14.0 
(0.5)   

1.4 
7.5 
(0.2)   

$  22.1 

$  4.6 

(20.1)   
17.3  

(39.2)   
29.9 

$ 22.0
42.7

10.9
26.2 

$ 42.0
4.0

(0.2)
5.2
(0.5)

$ 12.2
(26.5)
26.3

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
note 5 – disContinued operations and long-term assets Held for sale    

disContinued operations
Cae elektronik gmbH telecommunication department
during fiscal 2008, in order to concentrate on its core business, the Company has decided to discontinue its german telecommunication 
department. this department develops and sells unified messaging software for various clients and other office software solutions. 
As well, the business offers services in both standardized and customer-specific software communication solutions for voice-over-Ip 
and  Isdn-environment.  CAE  Elektronik  gmbh  is  in  the  process  of  divesting  its  telecommunication  department  through  a  sales 
agreement with an exclusive buyer. the transaction resulted in the recognition of a net loss in discontinued operations amounting to 
$2.2 million, net of a tax recovery of $1.0 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.

marine Controls
on  February  3,  2005,  the  Company  completed  the  sale  of  the  substantial  components  of  the  Marine  Controls  segment  to  
l-3 Communications Corporation (l-3), for a cash consideration of $238.6 million. the Company received from l-3 in fiscal 2007 
notices of claims for indemnification pursuant to the sale and purchase Agreement (spA), including in respect of allegations that the 
Company was in breach of certain representations and warranties in the spA. At this time, neither the outcome of these matters nor 
the potential future payments, if any, are determinable. the Company intends to assert all available defences against these claims. 
the aggregate liability for claims made under the spA is limited to us$25 million. 

the results of the Marine Controls segment have been reported as discontinued operations since the second quarter of fiscal 2005 
and have been reclassified in previously reported statements.

Cleaning technologies and other discontinued operations
In  fiscal  2004,  the  Company  completed  the  sale  of  its  last  Cleaning  technologies  business,  Alpheus  Inc.,  to  Cold  Jet  Inc.  the 
Company was entitled to receive further consideration based on the performance of the business until 2007 and also had certain 
obligations to Cold Jet Inc. during fiscal 2006, an agreement was reached to settle the further consideration and cancel the outstanding 
obligations of the Company. Cold Jet paid the Company an amount of $0.2 million. 

during  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  2007,  the  Company  received  early  payment,  in  full,  of  $9.3  million  in  secured  subordinated 
promissory long-term notes previously recorded in other assets. these notes, with a carrying value of $7.9 million, were received by 
the Company as part of the consideration for its sale in 2002 of ultrasonics and Ransohoff. the repayment resulted in the recognition 
of $1.4 million of interest revenue during the second quarter due to the accretion of discounts on the long-term notes receivable. the 
parties  have  also  concluded  discussions  regarding  adjustments  to  working  capital  provisions.  As  a  result  of  these  discussions,  
the Company collected and recorded an additional amount of approximately $0.1 million (net of tax recovery of $0.1 million).

Also, during fiscal 2006, the Company incurred additional costs of $3.4 million related to its former Cleaning technologies business 
mostly in connection with the revaluation of a pension liability and the reversal of an unrecognized tax asset, and recorded $0.9 million 
for other discontinued operations.

forestry systems
on May 2, 2003, the Company completed the sale of one of its Forestry systems businesses to Carmanah design and Manufacturing. 
the Company was entitled to receive further consideration based on the performance of the business. during the first quarter of fiscal 
2007, a settlement was concluded and the Company received a payment of $0.2 million (net of tax expense of $0.1 million).

on August 16, 2002, the Company sold substantially all the assets of the sawmill division of its Forestry systems. the Company was 
entitled to receive further cash consideration from the sale based on operating performance of the disposed business for the three-
year period from August 2002 to August 2005. In november 2005, the Company was notified by the buyers that, in their view, the 
targeted level of operating performance which would trigger further payment had not been achieved. the Company completed a 
review of the buyers’ books and records and in January 2006, launched legal proceedings to collect the payment that it believes is 
owed  to  the  Company.  during  the  third  and  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2008,  the  Company  recognized  fees  in  connection  with  the 
evaluation and litigation exercise amounting to $1.2 million (net of tax recovery of $0.2 million). For fiscal 2007 and 2006, the Company 
incurred $0.9 million (net of tax recovery of $0.2 million) and $0.2 million (net of tax recovery of $0.1 million), respectively. 

until recently, this dispute had been referred to arbitration and was in the discovery of evidence phase. As discussed in note 28, 
subsequent Event, a write off of a balance receivable in the amount of $8.5 million (net of tax recovery of $1.5 million) has been 
recorded  during  fiscal  2008  because  the  buyer  was  the  subject  of  a  petition  for  receivership  and  is  understood  to  be  insolvent 
subsequent to the balance sheet date. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  92

summarized financial information for the discontinued operations is as follows:

summary of discontinued operations

(amounts in millions, except per share amounts) 

net loss from CAE Elektronik gmbh telecommunication department,  
  2008 – net of tax recovery of $1.0   
net loss from Marine Controls, 2008 – net of tax recovery  
  of $0.1; 2007 – net of tax recovery of $0.2; 
  2006 – net of tax expense of $0.7   
net earnings (loss) from Cleaning technologies and other  
  discontinued operations, 2007 – net of tax recovery of $0.1;  
  2006 – net of tax expense of $1.0   
net loss from Forestry systems, 2008 – net of tax recovery  
  of $1.7; 2007 – net of tax recovery of $0.1;  
  2006 – net of tax recovery of $0.1   

net loss from discontinued operations   

2008 

2007 

2006

$  (2.2)   

$ 

– 

$ 

–

(0.2)   

(1.1)   

(1.7)

– 

0.1 

(4.1)

(9.7)   

(0.7)   

(0.2) 

$ (12.1)

$  (1.7)    

$  (6.0)

Basic and diluted net loss per share from discontinued operations 

$ (0.05)   

$ (0.01)   

$ (0.02)

note 6 – aCCounts reCeivaBle     

(amounts in millions) 

trade 
Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Accrued receivables 
derivative assets 
other receivables 

2008 

$ 156.8 

(7.4)   
48.5 
17.2 
39.9 

$ 255.0 

2007

$  136.2
(4.4)
45.7
–
42.3 

$  219.8

the Company has an agreement to sell third-party receivables to a financial institution for an amount of up to $50 million. under the 
terms and conditions of the agreement, the Company continues to act as a collection agent. the selected accounts receivable are 
sold  to  a  third  party  for  a  cash  consideration  on  a  non-recourse  basis  to  the  Company.  As  at  March  31,  2008,  $43.7  million  
(2007 – $29.0 million) of specific accounts receivable were sold to the financial institution pursuant to this agreement. proceeds (net 
of $0.5 million in fees, 2007 – $0.6 million) of the sale were used for general corporate purposes and to repay borrowings under  
the Company’s credit facilities. 

note 7 – inventories     

(amounts in millions) 

long-term contracts 
Work in progress 
Raw materials, supplies and manufactured products  

2008 

$ 138.9 
   56.0 
   35.0 

$ 229.9 

2007

$  112.7
   66.1
   25.0 

$  203.8

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
note 8 – propertY, plant and equipment     

(amounts in millions) 

land 
Buildings and improvements 
simulators 
Machinery and equipment 
Assets under capital lease (1) 
Assets under construction 

  accumulated 
Cost  depreciation 

$ 

23.2 
  244.4 
  756.5 
  193.6 
33.3 
  136.5 

$ 

– 
80.2 
  111.5 
  125.4 
23.6 
– 

2008 

net Book 
value 

$ 

23.2 
  164.2 
  645.0 
68.2 
9.7 
  136.5 

  Accumulated 
depreciation 

Cost 

$ 

21.2 
  238.9 
  645.5 
  185.0 
34.4 
  166.5 

$ 

– 
72.6 
92.4 
  117.3 
22.6 
– 

2007

net Book 
value

$ 

21.2
  166.3
  553.1
67.7
11.8
  166.5

$ 1,387.5 

$  340.7 

$ 1,046.8 

$ 1,291.5 

$  304.9 

$  986.6

(1) Includes simulators, and machinery and equipment.

the average remaining amortization period for the simulators is 14 years. 

note 9 – intangiBle assets     

(amounts in millions) 

  accumulated 
Cost  amortization 

trade names 
Customer relations 
Customer contractual agreements 
technology 
Enterprise resource planning –  
  (ERp) and other software 
other intangible assets 

$ 

12.2 
8.4 
6.8 
21.9 

27.6 
4.0 

$ 

2.5 
1.0 
3.2 
2.5 

7.6 
2.1 

2008 

net Book 
value 

$ 

9.7 
7.4 
3.6 
19.4 

20.0 
1.9 

  Accumulated 
Amortization 

Cost 

$ 

12.2 
1.7 
7.6 
1.6 

20.7 
3.3 

$ 

1.7 
0.3 
2.9 
0.5 

3.9 
1.8 

2007

net Book 
value

$ 

10.5
1.4
4.7
1.1

16.8
1.5

$ 

80.9 

$ 

18.9 

$ 

62.0 

$ 

47.1 

$ 

  11.1 

$ 

36.0

the continuity of intangible assets is as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

opening balance 
Acquisitions (note 3) 
ERp and other software additions 
other additions 
Amortization 
Foreign exchange 

Closing balance 

the annual amortization expense for the next five years will be approximately $7.5 million.

$ 

2008 

36.0 
28.2 
 7.2 
 1.1 
(7.8) 
(2.7) 

$ 

 2007

 30.5
  0.8
  8.8
 –
(3.8)
(0.3)

$ 

62.0 

$ 

36.0

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
note 10 – goodwill     

(amounts in millions) 

opening balance 
Acquisitions (note 3) 
Foreign exchange 

Closing balance 

(amounts in millions) 

opening balance 
Acquisitions (note 3) 
Foreign exchange 

Closing balance 

simulation 

training &  
 products/Civil  services/Civil 

simulation 
products/ 
military 

training & 
services/ 
 military 

$ 

$ 

– 
– 
– 

– 

$ 
– 
  0.8 
– 

$  0.8 

$  54.6 
 28.0 
 (6.3)   

$  42.3 
– 
 (3.9)   

$  76.3 

$  38.4 

simulation 

training &  
  products/Civil  services/Civil 

simulation 
products/ 
Military 

training & 
services/ 
 Military 

$ 

$ 

– 
– 
– 

– 

$ 

$ 

– 
– 
– 

– 

$  54.2 
– 
  0.4 

$  54.6 

$  37.8 
  4.1 
  0.4 

$  42.3 

2008

total

$  96.9
 28.8
(10.2)

$ 115.5

2007

total

$  92.0
  4.1
  0.8

$  96.9

note 11 – otHer assets 

(amounts in millions) 

Restricted cash 
Investment in and advances to Cvs leasing ltd. (i) 
deferred development costs, net of accumulated amortization of $26.7 (2007 – $23.8) (ii) 
deferred pre-operating costs, net of accumulated amortization of $23.6 (2007 – $21.6) (iii) 
deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization of $17.0  (2007 – $15.3)    
long-term receivables  
Accrued benefit asset (note 22)  
other, net of accumulated amortization of $6.7 (2007 – $5.7)  
long-term derivative assets 

2008 

       2007

$  8.6 
 41.7 
 20.0 
 12.7 
  3.5 
  2.0 
 25.9 
 10.1 
 13.7 

$ 138.2 

$  2.8
 43.5
 10.2
 13.1
  7.5
  3.9
 24.1
 24.4
–

$ 129.5

(i)   the Company leads a consortium, which was contracted by the united Kingdom (u.K.) Ministry of defence (Mod) to design, construct, manage, finance 
and operate an integrated simulator-based aircrew training facility for the Medium support helicopter (Msh) fleet of the Royal Air Force. the contract 
covers a 40-year period, which can be terminated by the Mod after 20 years, in 2018.
 In connection with the contract, the Company has established CAE Aircrew training plc (Aircrew). the Company’s investment in the subsidiary is valued 
at 77% with the balance being accounted for as a minority investment of the other consortium partners. this subsidiary has leased the land from the 
Mod, built the facility and operates the training centre. Aircrew has been consolidated with the accounts of the Company since its inception. 
 In addition, the Company has a 14% minority shareholding and has advanced funds to Cvs leasing ltd. (Cvs), the entity that owns the simulators and 
other equipment leased to Aircrew. 

(ii)  R&d expenditures aggregated to $110.8 million during the year (2007 – $95.0 million; 2006 – $91.3 million), of which $16.5 million represents development 
costs that qualify for a deferral pursuant to CICA requirements (2007 – $3.0 million; 2006 – $1.8 million). the Company has recorded government 
contribution against these amounts (refer to note 21).  

  the total of deferred development costs amortized during the year amounted to $2.9 million (2007 – $4.8 million; 2006 – $13.1 million). 

(iii)  the  Company  defers  costs  incurred  during  the  pre-operating  period  for  all  new  operations.  Capitalization  ceases  and  amortization  begins  when 
operations commence. In fiscal 2008, $3.9 million was capitalized (2007 – $5.9 million) and an amortization of $2.0 million was taken (2007 – 3.0 million; 
2006 – $4.0 million).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 12 – deBt faCilities 
a. long-term debt 

(amounts in millions) 

recourse debt 
(i)       senior notes (us$60.0 maturing  

  June 2009 and us$33.0 maturing  
  June 2012) 

(ii)      Revolving unsecured term credit  

gross  transaction  debt Basis 
Costs  adjustment 

amount 

2008 
net 
debt 

gross  transaction  debt Basis 
Costs  Adjustment 

Amount 

2007
net 
debt

 $  95.6 

  $   (0.2)    $  4.3 

  $  99.7 

  $ 107.2 

  $ 

 – 

  $ 

 – 

  $  107.2

  facilities, 5 years maturing July 2010;  
  us$400.0 and, €100.0 

– 

(iii)     term loans, maturing in May and  
  June 2011 (outstanding as at  
  March 31, 2008 – €18.3 and €3.6,    
  as at March 31, 2007– €22.8  
  and €4.5) 

   35.6 

(iv)    grapevine Industrial development  

  Corporation bonds, secured, maturing  
  in January 2010 and 2013 (us$27.0)  
(v)    Miami dade County Bonds, maturing  

   27.7 

  in March 2024 (us$11.0) 

(vi)   other debt, maturing in december 2014 
(vii)   obligations under capital lease  

  commitments 

   11.3 
   11.3 

   8.1 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

  35.6 

  42.1 

– 

– 
– 

– 

  27.7 

  31.1 

  11.3 
  11.3 

  12.7 
  9.5 

  8.1 

  11.1 

non-recourse debt (1)
(viii)  term loan of £12.7 secured, maturing  
  in october 2016 (outstanding as  
  at March 31, 2008 – £4.0,  
  as at March 31, 2007 – £4.5)   

   8.2 

– 

– 

  8.2 

  10.3 

(ix)   term loan maturing in december 2019  
  (outstanding as at March 31, 2008 –  
  €32.5, as at March 31, 2007 – €25.2)     52.8 

(1.3)   

– 

  51.5 

  38.8 

(x)    term loans with various maturities to  
  August 2013 (outstanding as at  
  March 31, 2008 – us$18.1, ¥40.7  
  as at March 31, 2007 – us$17.7) 
(xi)    term loan maturing in 2014 (outstanding  

   24.4 

– 

  as a March 31, 2008 – us$19.5, £12.7)     46.0 
      term loan maturing in 2018 (outstanding  
  as at March 31, 2008 – us$26.2, £16.9)     61.5 
  382.5 

– 

– 

  24.4 

  20.4 

  43.7 

– 

(2.3)   

(3.2)   
(7.0)   

– 
  4.3 

  58.3 
 379.8 

– 
 283.2 

less: 
Current portion of long-term debt 
Current portion of capital lease 

   27.6 
   0.7 

(1.0)   
– 

– 
– 

  26.6 
  0.7 

  25.3 
  1.9 

 $ 354.2 

  $ 

(6.0)    $  4.3 

  $ 352.5 

  $ 256.0     $ 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

  $ 

– 

 -

– 

 42.1

– 

– 
– 

– 

 31.1

 12.7
 9.5

 11.1

– 

 10.3

– 

 38.8

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

 20.4

 –

 –
 283.2

 25.3
 1.9

  $ 256.0

(1)  non-recourse debt to CAE, as a parent company, is classified as such when recourse against the debt in a subsidiary is limited to the assets, equity 

interest and undertaking of such subsidiary.

(i)  pursuant to a private placement, the Company borrowed  us$93 million (2007 –  us$93 million).  these unsecured senior 
notes rank equally with term bank financings with fixed repayment amounts of us$60.0 million in 2009 and us$33.0 million 
in  2012.  Fixed  interest  is  payable  semi-annually  in  June  and  december  at  an  average  rate  of  7.6%.  the  Company  has 
entered into an interest rate swap agreement converting the fixed interest rate into the equivalent of a three-month lIBoR 
borrowing  rate  plus  3.6%  on  us$33.0  million  of  the  senior  notes.  the  Company  has  an  outstanding  interest  rate  swap 
contract that replaced a swap contract that had previously been put in place when the debt was raised. the existing swap 
contract is designated as a fair value hedge of its private placement resulting in changes in lIBoR interest rates. With regards 
to the outstanding fair value hedge, the gains or losses on the hedged items attributable to the hedged risk are accounted 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
for as an adjustment to the carrying value of the hedged items. While for the fair value hedge that was discontinued prior to 
the transaction date, the carrying amount of the hedged item is adjusted by the remaining balance of any deferred gain or 
loss on the hedging item. As such, the debt basis adjustment has been recorded with the private placement as an increase 
to the gross long-term debt amount.

(ii)  on  July  7,  2005,  the  Company  entered  into  a  revolving  credit  agreement.  this  revolving  unsecured  term  credit  facility 
(us$400.0 million and €100.0 million) has a committed term of five years maturing in July 2010. the facility has covenants 
covering  minimum  shareholders’  equity,  interest  coverage  and  debt  coverage  ratios.  the  applicable  interest  rate  on  this 
revolving term credit facility is at the option of the Company, based on the bank’s prime rate, bankers’ acceptances or lIBoR 
plus a spread which depends on the credit rating assigned by standard & poor’s Rating services.

(iii)  the Company, in association with Iberia lineas de España, combined their aviation training operations in spain. the operators 
financed  the  acquisition  of  the  simulators  from  CAE  and  Iberia  through  asset-backed  financing  maturing  in  May  and  
June 2011. As part of the lease agreements, should the october 2003 agreement be terminated, CAE and Iberia will be 
obliged to repurchase the simulators they contributed, in proportion to the fair value of the simulators, for a total amount 
equal to the outstanding balance under the financing agreement. Quarterly capital repayments are made for the term of the 
financing. the implicit interest rate is 4.60%. the net book value of the simulators being financed, as at March 31, 2008, is 
equal to approximately $85.0 million (€52.3 million) [2007 – $79.7 million (€51.7 million)]. 

(iv)  Airport Improvement Revenue Bonds were issued by the grapevine Industrial development Corporation, grapevine, texas 
for amounts of us$8.0 million and us$19.0 million, and mature in 2010 and 2013, respectively. Real property, improvements, 
fixtures and specified simulation equipment secure the bonds. the rates are set periodically by the remarketing agent based 
on market conditions. the rate for bonds maturing in 2010 is set on a weekly basis. the rate for bonds maturing in 2013 is 
set on an annual basis and is subject to a maximum rate of 10% permissible under current applicable laws. As at March 31, 
2008, the combined rate for both series was approximately 4.69% (2007 – 4.77%). the security is limited to an amount not 
exceeding the outstanding balance of the loans which represents us$27.0 million as at March 31, 2008. Also, a letter of 
credit has been issued to support the bonds for the outstanding amount of the loans.

(v)  the Miami dade County Bonds, maturing in March 2024 (us$11.0 million), are secured by a simulator. As at March 31, 2008, 
the applicable floating rate, which is reset weekly, was 4.57%. Also, a letter of credit has been issued to support the bonds 
for the outstanding amount of the loans.

(vi)  An unsecured $35.0 million facility to secure financing for the cost of the establishment of enterprise resource planning (ERp) 
system. A drawdown under the facility can be made only once the costs are incurred, on a quarterly basis, with monthly 
repayments over a term of seven years beginning at the end of the first month following each quarterly disbursement. the 
average interest rate on the borrowings is approximately 6.2%.

(vii)  these capital leases are related to the leasing of various equipment and a simulator. the effective interest rate of the lease, 

which matures in June 2010, was 6.3% as at March 31, 2008.

(viii) the Company arranged project financing, which was refinanced during december 2004 for one of its subsidiaries to finance 
its Msh program for the Mod in the u.K. the credit facility includes a term loan that is secured by the project assets of the 
subsidiary and a bi-annual repayment is required until 2016.  the financing is non-recourse to CAE. Interest on the loans  
is  charged  at  a  rate  approximating  lIBoR  plus  0.85%.  the  Company  has  entered  into  an  interest  rate  swap  totalling  
£3.7 million, fixing the interest rate at 6.31%. the book value of the assets pledged as collateral for the credit facility as at 
March 31, 2008 is £31.2 million (2007 – £27.4 million).

(ix)  term  loan,  maturing  in  december  2019,  representing  CAE’s  proportionate  share  of  the  german  nh90  project.  the  total 
amount available for the project Company under the facility is €175.5 million. the debt is non-recourse to CAE. the borrowings 
bear interest at a EuRIBoR rate and are currently swapped to a fixed rate of 4.8%.

(x)  term  loans  representing  CAE’s  proportionate  share  of  term  debt  for  the  acquisition  of  simulators  and  expansion  of  the 
building, on a non-recourse basis, for its joint venture in Zhuhai Xiang Yi Aviation technology Company limited. the term 
debt has been arranged through several financial institutions. Borrowings are denominated in u.s. dollars and Chinese Yuan 
Renminbi (¥). the u.s. dollar based borrowings bear interest on a floating rate basis of  u.s.  lIBoR plus a spread ranging 
from 0.45% to 1% and have maturities between August 2008 and August 2013. the ¥ based borrowings bear interest at 
fixed and floating rates with final maturities between september 2008 and december 2010.

(xi)  during  fiscal  year  2008,  the  Company  obtained  senior  secured  financing  for  two  new  civil  aviation  training  centres.  the 
drawdown to March 31, 2008 was for an approximate aggregate amount of $107.5 million (us$45.7 million and £29.6 million 
after  taking  into  consideration  the  effect  of  foreign  exchange  swap  arrangements  entered  in  relation  to  this  financing 
transaction). the drawdown is separated into two tranches with principal and interest. tranche A is being amortized quarterly 
beginning  in  december  2008  with  a  final  maturity  of  June  2014  and  principal  and  interest  of  tranche  B  being  amortized 
quarterly beginning in July 2014 until final maturity of June 2018. the combined coupon rate of the post-swap debt amounts 
to 8.28%. the debt is non-recourse to the Company and is secured by the assets of the training centres and is cross-guaranteed 
and cross–collateralized by the cash-flow generated by the two training centres.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  97

note 12 – deBt faCilities (continued)
payments required in each of the next five fiscal years to meet the retirement provisions of the long-term debt and capital leases  
are as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

 long-term debt 

  Capital lease 

2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
thereafter 

$  27.6 
  92.8 
  28.0 
  20.1 
  72.3 
 133.6 

$ 374.4 

$  0.7 
  0.7 
  6.7 
– 
– 
– 

$  8.1 

total

$  28.3
  93.5
  34.7
  20.1
  72.3
 133.6

 $ 382.5

As at March 31, 2008, CAE is in compliance with its financial covenants.

B. short-term debt

the Company has an unsecured and uncommitted bank line of credit available in Euros totalling $4.9 million (2007 – $4.6 million; 2006 
– $41.2 million), none of which is used as at March 31, 2008 (2007 – nil; 2006 – nil). the line of credit bears interest at a Euro base rate.

C. interest expense, net

details of interest expense (income) are as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

long-term debt interest expense 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and other 
Interest capitalized 

Interest on long-term debt 

Interest income 
other interest expense (income), net  

Interest income, net 

Interest expense, net 

2008 

$  23.9 
  2.7 

  2007 

$  18.5 
  2.3 

(4.7)   

(4.1)   

  21.9 

  16.7 

(3.0)   
(1.4)   

(4.4)   

(4.8)   
(1.3)   

(6.1)   

  2006

$  21.6
  4.0
(2.8)

  22.8

(6.9)
  0.3

(6.6)

$  17.5 

$  10.6 

$  16.2

the Company’s interest income is mainly a result of interest revenue on cash on hand and advances to Cvs leasing ltd. (Cvs). Cvs 
is an entity that owns simulators and other equipment used to train u.K. Ministry of defence pilots at the Company’s Benson Air Force 
Base training Centre. the Company owns a minority shareholding of 14% in Cvs.

note 13 – deferred gains and otHer long-term liaBilities 

(amounts in millions) 

deferred gains on sale and leasebacks (i) 
deferred revenue  
deferred gains 
Employee benefits obligation (note 22) 
non-controlling interest (ii) 
long-term portion of purchase agreement (iii) 
long-term payable to Investissement Québec   
long-term derivative liabilities   
ltI Rsu/dsu compensation obligation  
other 

2008 

$  63.3 
  21.3 
  8.1 
  29.2 
  20.2 
– 
  0.7 
  9.1 
  22.0 
  11.0 

$ 184.9 

2007

$  84.0
  20.3
  15.0
  26.9
  18.2
  7.9
  1.4
–
  35.3
  23.7

$ 232.7

(i)  the related amortization for the year amounts to $3.8 million (2007 – $4.0 million; 2006 – $3.9 million).
(ii) non-controlling interest of 20% of the civil training centres in Madrid combined with 23% in Military CAE Aircrew training Centre.
(iii)  during the current fiscal year, the Company repaid, in full, the long-term liability previously due as a result of a purchase agreement for data and parts 

delivered to CAE Inc. by dassault Aviation on specific sales orders. 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  98

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 14 – inCome taxes 

A reconciliation of income taxes at Canadian statutory rates with the reported income taxes is as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

Earnings before income taxes and discontinued operations  
Canadian statutory income tax rates  
Income taxes at Canadian statutory rates 
difference between Canadian statutory rates and those applicable  
  to foreign subsidiaries 
losses not tax effected 
tax benefit of operating losses not previously recognized 
tax benefit of capital losses not previously recognized   
non-taxable capital gain 
non-deductible items 
prior years’ tax adjustments and assessments  
Impact of change in income tax rates on future income taxes   
non-taxable research and development tax credits 
large corporation tax 
other tax benefit not previously recognized 
Exchange translation items 
other 

2008 

$ 234.0 

 31.80 % 

$  74.4 

2007 

$ 178.8 

2006

$  87.8

 32.08 % 

 31.41 %

$  57.4 

$  27.6

(5.5)   

  4.1 

(1.8)   
– 
(0.2)   

  5.0 

(2.0)   
(2.4)   
(0.9)   
– 
(2.5)   
– 
  1.0 

(2.8)   

  0.3 

(2.3)   
– 
(0.6)   

  2.4 

(1.0)   
(1.2)   
(0.8)   
– 
(3.2)   
– 
  1.5 

  0.3
  2.8
(9.1)
(0.8)
(0.3)
  1.4
(0.9)
  1.9
(0.9)
  0.7
(2.9)
(0.7)
(0.9)

total income tax expense  

$  69.2 

$  49.7 

$  18.2

significant components of the provision for the income tax expense attributable to continuing operations are as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

Current income tax expense   
Future income tax expense (recovery)   
  tax benefit of operating losses not previously recognized 
 tax benefit of capital losses not previously recognized 
Impact of change in income tax rates on future income taxes   

  other tax benefit not previously recognized 
  Change related to temporary differences 

total income tax expense  

2008 

$  42.8 

2007 

$  63.9 

2006

$  13.1

 –

(1.8)   

(2.4)   
(2.5)   

  33.1 

$  69.2 

(2.3)   
– 
(1.2)   
(3.2)   
(7.5)   

(9.1)
(0.8)
  1.9
(2.9)
  16.0

$  49.7 

$  18.2

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
note 14 – inCome taxes (continued)
the tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to future tax liabilities and assets are as follows:

(amounts in millions)  

future income tax assets 
non-capital loss carryforwards 
Capital loss carryforwards 
Intangible assets 
Amounts not currently deductible 
deferred revenues 
tax benefit carryover 
unclaimed research & development expenditures 
other 

valuation allowance 

future income tax liabilities 
Investment tax credits 
property, plant and equipment 
percentage-of-completion versus completed contract   
deferred research & development expenses 
other 

net future income tax assets   

net current future income tax asset   
net non-current future income tax asset 
net current future income tax liability  
net non-current future income tax liability 

2008 

2007

$  39.0 
  2.4 
 11.7 
 20.0 
 10.7 
  4.6 
  3.9 
– 

  92.3 
 (20.6)   

$  71.7 

$ (18.3)   
 (13.9)   
(8.8)   
   (0.2)   
(0.1)   

$  39.7
  6.5
 27.1
 23.4
 17.3
 10.4
–
  1.4

 125.8
 (25.3)

$ 100.5

$  (22.5)
(9.7)
(2.3)
(2.5)

 –

 (41.3)   

  (37.0)

$  30.4    

$  63.5

$  14.1 
  64.3 
 (16.8)   
 (31.2)   

$  30.4 

$  3.7
  81.5
(4.9)
  (16.8)

$  63.5

As  at  March  31,  2008,  the  Company  has  accumulated  non-capital  losses  carried  forward  relating  to  operations  in  Canada  for 
approximately  $16.6  million.  For  financial  reporting  purposes,  a  net  future  income  tax  asset  of  $4.9  million  has  been  recognized  
in respect of these loss carryforwards.

As at March 31, 2008, the Company has accumulated non-capital losses carried forward relating to operations in the united states 
for  approximately  $23.8  million  (us$23.1  million).  For  financial  reporting  purposes,  a  net  future  income  tax  asset  of  $7.6  million 
(us$7.4 million) has been recognized in respect of these loss carryforwards.

the Company has accumulated non-capital tax losses carried forward relating to its operations in other countries of approximately 
$87.6 million. For financial reporting purposes, a net future income tax asset of $17.4 million has been recognized.

the Company also has accumulated capital losses carried forward relating to operations in the united states for approximately $6.8 million 
(us$6.6 million). For financial reporting purposes, no future income tax asset was recognized, as a full valuation allowance was taken.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  100

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
the non-capital losses for income tax purposes expire as follows:

(amounts in millions)
Expiry date 

2012 
2013  
2014 – 2028 
no expiry date 

united states (us$) 

other countries (CA$)

 13.6 
  7.4 
  2.1 
– 

$  23.1 

  2.8
  2.8
 46.1
 52.5

$ 104.2

the  valuation  allowance  principally  relates  to  loss  carryforward  benefits  where  realization  is  not  likely  due  to  a  history  of  loss 
carryforwards, and to the uncertainty of sufficient taxable earnings in the future, together with time limitations in the tax legislation 
giving rise to the potential benefit. In 2008, $4.3 million (2007 – $5.5 million) of the valuation allowance balance was reversed based 
on the assessment of the Company that it is more likely than not that the future income tax benefits will be realized.

note 15 – Capital stoCK and ContriButed surplus 
Capital stoCK
authorized
the Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares without par value and an unlimited number of preferred 
shares without par value, issuable in series.

the preferred shares may be issued with rights and conditions to be determined by the Board of directors, prior to their issue. to date, 
the Company has not issued any preferred shares.

issued
A reconciliation of the issued and outstanding common shares of the Company is as follows:

(amounts in millions, except number of shares) 

Balance at beginning of year 
shares issued (a) 
stock options exercised  
transfer of contributed surplus  
  upon exercise of stock options 
stock dividends 

number 
of shares 

251,960,449 
169,851 
1,814,095 

– 
25,441 

2008 
stated 
 value 

$ 401.7 
  0.8 
  13.9 

  2.2 
  0.3 

number 
of shares 

250,702,430 
– 
1,236,895 

– 
21,124 

2007 
stated 
value 

$ 389.0 
– 
  10.0 

  2.5 
  0.2 

number 
of shares 

248,070,329 
1,091,564 
1,497,540 

– 
42,997 

2006
stated 
value

$ 373.8
  6.9
  8.0

–
  0.3

Balance at end of year 

253,969,836 

$ 418.9 

251,960,449 

$ 401.7 

250,702,430 

$ 389.0

(a)  on november 30, 2007, the Company issued 169,851 common shares at a price of $4.71 per share for the fourth and final tranche payment for the 

purchase of CAE professional services (Canada) Inc.
 on  May  20,  2005,  the  Company  issued  1,000,000  common  shares  at  a  price  of  $6.13  per  share  for  the  acquisition  of  terrain  Experts  Inc.  on  
november 30, 2005, the Company issued 91,564 common shares at a price of $8.07 per share for the second tranche payment of CAE professional 
services (Canada) Inc. (formerly greenley & Associates Inc. [g&A]).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 15 – Capital stoCK and ContriButed surplus (continued)
the following is a reconciliation of the denominators for the basic and diluted earnings per share computations:

Weighted average number of common  
  shares outstanding – Basic 

Effect of dilutive stock options 

Weighted average number of common  
  shares outstanding – diluted 

2008 

   2007 

   2006

253,406,176 

1,160,474 

251,110,476 

1,894,730 

249,806,204

2,325,422

254,566,650 

253,005,206 

252,131,626

options to acquire 1,144,704 common shares (2007 – 1,397,200; 2006 – 2,269,150) have been excluded from the above calculation 
since their inclusion would have an anti-dilutive effect.

ContriButed surplus
A reconciliation of contributed surplus is as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

Balance at beginning of year 
transfer to common stock upon exercise of stock options 
stock-based compensation (note 16)  

Balance at end of year 

2008 

$  5.7 

 (2.2)   
  4.8 

2007 

$  5.6 

 (2.5)   
  2.6 

$  8.3 

$  5.7 

2006

$  3.5
–
  2.1

$  5.6

note 16 – stoCK-Based Compensation plans 
employee stock option plan  
under the Company’s long-term incentive program, options may be granted to its officers and other key employees of its subsidiaries 
to purchase common shares of the Company at a subscription price of 100% of the market value at the date of the grant. Market 
value is determined to be equivalent to the closing price of the common shares on the toronto stock Exchange (tsX) on the last day 
of trading prior to the effective date of the grant.

As at March 31, 2008, a total of 6,124,896 common shares remained authorized for issuance under the Employee stock option plan 
(Esop). the options are exercisable during a period not to exceed six years, and are not exercisable during the first 12 months after the 
date of the grant. the right to exercise all of the options accrues over a period of four years of continuous employment from the grant 
date.  however,  if  there  is  a  change  of  control  of  the  Company,  the  options  outstanding  become  immediately  exercisable  by  option 
holders. options are adjusted proportionately for any stock dividends or stock splits attributed to the common shares of the Company.

A reconciliation of the outstanding options is as follows: 

Years ended March 31 

options outstanding at beginning  
  of year 
granted 
Exercised 
Forfeited 
Expired 

2008 
weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

$  7.57 
$ 14.06 
$  7.66 
$  9.57 
$ 12.59 

number 
of options 

6,347,235 
647,700 
(1,236,895) 
(316,125) 
– 

2007 
Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
price 

$  7.66 
$  9.13 
$  8.07 
$ 10.60 
– 
$ 

number 
of options 

8,208,675 
568,200 
(1,497,540) 
(932,100) 
– 

number 
of options 

5,441,915 
1,167,588 
(1,814,095) 
(47,034) 
 (146,000) 

options outstanding at end of year 

4,602,374 

$  9.00 

5,441,915 

   $  7.57 

6,347,235 

options exercisable at end of year 

2,543,545 

$  7.26 

2,986,135 

  $  8.58 

2,775,850 

2006
Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
price

$  7.52
$  5.96
$  5.29
$  9.21
–
$ 

 $  7.66

$  9.90

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  102

 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the following table summarizes information about the Company’s Esop as at March 31, 2008:

Range of Exercise Prices 

options outstanding 

options exercisable

 $4.08 to $6.03 
 $6.19 to $9.12 
 $10.31 to $14.10 

total  

weighted 
average 
remaining 
Contractual 
life (Years) 

2.03 
3.13 
3.46 

2.84 

number 
  outstanding 

1,764,295 
1,070,075 
1,768,004 

4,602,374 

weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

$  5.17 
$  7.73 
$ 13.59 

number 
exercisable  

1,329,270 
610,100 
604,175 

weighted 
average 
exercise 
price

$  5.02
$  6.71
$ 12.72

$  9.00  

2,543,545 

$  7.26 

For the year ended March 31, 2008, compensation cost for CAE’s stock options was recognized in consolidated net earnings with a 
corresponding credit of $4.8 million (fiscal 2007 – $2.6 million, fiscal 2006 – $2.1 million) to contributed surplus using the fair value 
method of accounting for awards that were granted since 2004.

the assumptions used for purposes of the option calculations outlined in this note are presented below:

Assumptions used in the Black-scholes options pricing model:   
  dividend yield 
  Expected volatility 
  Risk-free interest rate 
  Expected option term  
  Weighted average fair value of options granted 

2008 

2007 

2006

0.28 % 
33.0 % 
4.64 % 
4 
$  4.57 

 0.44 % 
 45.0 % 
 4.38 % 
  4 
$  3.57 

 0.67 %
 47.0 %
  4.0 %
  6
$   2.84

disclosure of pro forma information required under CiCa Handbook section 3870
during  the  year  ended  March  31,  2003,  the  Company  granted  1,767,000  options  to  purchase  common  shares.  the  weighted 
average  grant  date  fair  value  of  options  granted  during  this  period  amounted  to  $5.84  per  option.  to  compute  the  pro  forma 
compensation cost, the Black-scholes valuation model was used to determine the fair value of the options granted. pro forma net 
earnings and pro forma basic and diluted net earnings per share are presented below:

(amounts in millions, except per share amounts) 

net earnings, as reported 
pro forma impact 

pro forma net earnings  

pro forma basic net earnings per share  
pro forma diluted net earnings per share 

2008 

$ 152.7 
  – 

$ 152.7 

$  0.60 
$  0.60 

2007 

$ 127.4 

 (0.1)   

$ 127.3 

$  0.51 
$  0.50 

2006

$  63.6
 (0.7)

$  62.9

$  0.25
$  0.25

employee stock purchase plan 
the  Company  maintains  an  Employee  stock  purchase  plan  (Espp)  to  enable  employees  of  the  Company  and  its  participating 
subsidiaries to acquire CAE common shares through regular payroll deductions or lump-sum payment plus employer contributions. 
the plan allows employees to contribute up to 18% of their annual base salary. the Company and its participating subsidiaries match 
the first $500 employee contribution and contribute $1 for every $2 on additional employee contributions, up to a maximum of 3% of 
the employee’s base salary. the plan provides for tax deferral of employee and employer contribution through a Registered Retirement 
saving plan (RRsp) and deferred profit sharing plan (dpsp). Common shares of the Company are purchased by the Espp trustee 
on behalf of the participants on the open market, through the facilities of the tsX. the Company recorded compensation expense in 
the amount of $3.9 million (2007 – $3.1 million; 2006 – $2.1 million) in respect of employer contributions under the plan.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  103

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 16 – stoCK-Based Compensation plans (continued)

deferred share unit plan
the  Company  maintains  a  deferred  share  unit  (dsu)  plan  for  executives,  whereby  an  executive  may  elect  to  receive  any  cash 
incentive compensation in the form of deferred share units. the plan is intended to enhance the Company’s ability to promote a 
greater alignment of interests between executives and the shareholders of the Company. A deferred share unit is equal in value to one 
common  share  of  the  Company.  the  units  are  issued  on  the  basis  of  the  average  closing  board  lot  sale  price  per  share  of  CAE 
common shares on the tsX during the last 10 days on which such shares traded prior to the date of issue. the units also accrue 
dividend equivalents payable in additional units in an amount equal to dividends paid on CAE common shares. deferred share units 
mature upon termination of employment, whereupon an executive is entitled to receive the fair market value of the equivalent number 
of common shares, net of withholdings, in cash.

In fiscal 2000, the Company adopted a dsu plan for non-employee directors. A non-employee director holding less than the Minimum 
holdings of common shares of the Company receives the Board retainer and attendance fees in the form of deferred share units. 
Minimum holdings means not less than the number of common shares or deferred share units equivalent in fair market value to three 
times the annual retainer fee payable to a director for service on the Board. A non-employee director holding no less than the Minimum 
holdings of common shares may elect to participate in the plan in respect of part or all of his or her retainer and attendance fees. the 
terms of the plan are essentially identical to the key executive dsu plan except that units are issued on the basis of the closing board 
lot sale price per share of CAE common shares on the tsX during the last day on which the common share traded prior to the date 
of issue.

the Company records the cost of the dsu plan as compensation expense. As at March 31, 2008, 405,680 units were outstanding 
at a value of $4.7 million (2007 – 425,092 units at a value of $5.4 million; 2006 – 388,972 units at a value of $3.6 million). A total 
number of 63,128 units were redeemed during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008 under both dsu plans in accordance with their 
respective plan text, for a total of $0.8 million. For the period ended March 31, 2008, March 31, 2007 and March 31, 2006, no dsus 
were cancelled.

long-term incentive (lti) – deferred share unit plan
All CAE long-term Incentive deferred share unit plans (ltI-dsu) are intended to enhance the Company’s ability to promote a greater 
alignment  of  interests  between  executives  and  shareholders  of  the  Company.  ltI-dsus  are  granted  to  executives  and  senior 
management  of  the  Company.  A  ltI-dsu  is  equal  in  value  to  one  common  share  at  a  specific  date.  the  ltI-dsu  also  accrued 
dividend equivalents payable in additional units in an amount equal to dividends paid on CAE common shares. With the exception of 
the fiscal year 2004 plan which precludes the redemption of vested dsus upon participant’s voluntary resignation, eligible participants 
are entitled to receive a cash payment equivalent to the fair market value of the number of vested dsus held upon any termination  
of  employment.  upon  termination  of  employment  for  reasons  of  retirement,  unvested  units  will  continue  to  vest  at  the  latest  by 
november  30th  of  the  year  following  the  retirement  date.  For  participants  subject  to  section  409A  of  the  united  states  Internal 
Revenue Code, vesting of unvested units takes place at time of retirement.

fiscal year 2004 plan
the fiscal year 2004 plan stipulates that granted units vest equally over four years. All the units issued under that plan are now vested. 
As at March 31, 2008, 517,702 ltI-dsu units were outstanding (March 31, 2007 – 548,097 units). the expense recorded in fiscal 
2008 was $0.1 million (2007 – $0.2 million; 2006 – $1.6 million).

fiscal year 2005 plan
the fiscal year 2005 plan has replaced the fiscal year 2004 plan for succeeding years. the plan stipulates that granted units vest 
equally over five years and that following a take-over bid, all unvested units will vest immediately. In fiscal 2008, the Company issued 
481,577  ltI-dsu  units  (2007  –  527,714  units)  and  as  at  March  31,  2008,  1,824,762  ltI-dsu  units  were  outstanding  (2007  – 
1,392,653 units outstanding). the expense recorded in fiscal 2008 was $3.2 million (2007 – $7.5 million; 2006 – $2.8 million).

since fiscal 2004, the Company entered into contracts to reduce its earnings exposure to the fluctuations in its share price (refer to 
note 17).

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  104

long-term incentive – restricted share unit plan
In May 2004, the Company adopted a long-term Incentive performance Based Restricted shares unit plan (ltI-Rsu) for its executives 
and senior management. the ltI-Rsu plan is intended to enhance the Company’s ability to attract and retain talented individuals, and 
also to promote a greater alignment of interest between eligible participants and the Company’s shareholders. the ltI-Rsu plan is 
set up as a stock-based performance plan.

ltI-Rsus granted pursuant to this plan vest after three years from their grant date. ltI-Rsus are vested as follows:

(i)  100% of the units, if CAE shares have appreciated at least 33% (10% annual compounded growth) during the timeframe;

(ii) 

 50% of the units, if CAE shares have appreciated at least 24% (7.5% annual compounded growth) but less than 33% during the 
timeframe.

no  ltI-Rsus  vest  if  the  market  value  of  the  common  shares  has  appreciated  less  than  24%  during  the  specified  timeframe.  In 
addition, no proportional vesting is to occur for any appreciation resulting between 24% and 33% during the specified timeframe. 
participants subject to loss of employment, other than voluntarily or for cause, are entitled to conditional pro-rata vesting. In fiscal 
2008, the Company issued no ltI-Rsu units (2007 – 770,948 units) under the fiscal 2005 plan and as at March 31, 2008, 1,065,710 
ltI- Rsu units were outstanding (2007 – 2,009,666 units outstanding) under that plan. the expense recorded in fiscal 2008 was  
$3.1 million (2007 – $12.1 million; 2006 – $3.5 million).

In  May  2007,  the  Company  amended  the  fiscal  year  2005  plan  for  fiscal  year  2008  and  subsequent  years.  the  ltI-Rsu  plan  is 
intended to enhance the Company’s ability to attract and retain talented individuals and also to promote a greater alignment of interest 
between eligible participants and the Company’s shareholders. the ltI-Rsu plan is set up as a stock-based performance plan.

ltI-Rsus granted pursuant to the revised plan vest after three years from their grant date. ltI-Rsus are vested as follows:

(i)  100%  of  the  units,  if  CAE  shares  have  appreciated  by  a  minimum  annual  compounded  growth  defined  as  the  Bank  of 
Canada 10-year risk-free rate of return on the grant date plus 350 basis points (3.50%) over the valuation period, or, in the 
case of pro-rated vesting, as of the end of the pro-ration period. For 2008 fiscal year grant, this represents a target of 8% of 
annual growth compounded over the three year period;

(ii)  50% of the units, if based on the grant price, the closing average price of the common CAE shares has met or exceeded the 
performance of the standard & poor’s Aerospace and defence Index (s&p A&d index), adjusted for dividends, or, in the case 
of pro-rated vesting, as of the end of the pro-ration period.

participants  subject  to  loss  of  employment,  other  than  voluntarily  or  for  cause,  are  entitled  to  conditional  pro-rata  vesting.  In  
fiscal  2008,  the  Company  issued  352,258  ltI-Rsu  units,  and  as  at  March  31,  2008,  340,974  ltI-Rsu  units  were  outstanding.  
the expense recorded in fiscal 2008 was $0.5 million.

note 17 – finanCial instruments 
under its risk management policy, the Company enters into foreign exchange and interest rate derivative instruments, of which a 
certain portion is designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions in order to reduce the financial risk regarding its exposure 
to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and interest rates. the Company does not use any derivative financial instruments for trading 
or speculative purposes.

foreign currency risks
the Company entered into foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign exchange swaps to manage its risks associated with 
foreign currency exchange rates. As at March 31, 2008, the Company had entered into foreign currency forward contracts totalling 
$837.6 million (buy contracts $251.6 million and sell contracts totalling $586.0 million) to mainly reduce the foreign currency risks 
associated with certain sales commitments and expected purchase transactions denominated in foreign currencies. the Company 
designates  a  certain  portion  of  its  foreign  exchange  forward  contracts  as  cash  flow  hedges  and  applies  hedge  accounting  as 
prescribed under CICA section 3865, Hedges.

the Company has entered into foreign exchange swap agreements for its senior secured financing, obtained during this fiscal year, 
to convert a portion of this us dollar denominated debt into British pounds (gBp or £) to finance its civil aviation training centre in the 
united Kingdom. the Company designates two usd to gBp cross-currency swap agreements, as cash flow hedges, with notional 
amounts of $5.7 million (£2.8 million) and $17.3 million (£8.5 million) amortizing in accordance with the repayment schedule of the 
debt until June 2014 and June 2018 respectively.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  105

note 17 – finanCial instruments (continued)

Consolidated foreign exchange transactions outstanding

(amounts in millions, except average rate) 

Currencies (sold/bought) 

USD/CDN 
  less than 1 year   
  Between 1 and 3 years   
  Between 3 to 5 years 
USD/EUR 
  less than 1 year   
  Between 1 and 3 years   
USD/AUD 
  less than 1 year   
CDN/EUR 
  less than 1 year   
  Between 1 and 3 years 
  Between 3 and 5 years 
EUR/CDN 
  less than 1 year   
  Between 1 and 3 years   
  Between 3 and 5 years   
EUR/AUD 
  less than 1 year 
  Between 1 and 3 years 
EUR/USD 
  less than 1 year   
GBP/CDN 
  less than 1 year   
  Between 1 and 3 years 
CDN/GBP 
  less than 1 year 
  Between 1 and 3 years 
GBP/EUR 
  less than 1 year 
GBP/USD 
  less than 1 year 
CDN/USD 
  less than 1 year   
  Between 1 and 3 years 

 notional   
amount  (1) 

$ 311.0 
  85.2 
  5.8 

  4.2 
– 

2008 

average 
rate 

0.9674 
0.9483 
0.9183 

1.2957 
– 

notional   
Amount  (1) 

$ 223.3  
  54.3 
  15.7 

  11.0 
  4.0 

2007

Average 
  Rate

0.8697
0.8908
0.9007

1.2964
1.2957

  0.2 

0.8772 

– 

–

  29.4 
  3.2 
– 

  96.1 
  26.3 
  0.7 

  2.7 
  0.9 

1.4875 
1.4714 
– 

0.6705 
0.6660 
0.6559 

0.5827 
0.5674 

  12.9 
  5.4 
  1.5 

  94.9 
  29.4 
  1.5 

  1.0 
  1.6 

1.5360
1.4666
1.4642

0.6649
0.6712
0.6934

0.5800
0.5586

  4.2 

0.7280 

– 

–

  4.1 
  48.8 

– 
  10.0 

– 

 –

 118.4 
  86.4 

$ 837.6 

0.4926 
0.5007 

– 
1.9500 

– 

– 

0.9829 
0.9860 

  4.1 
  47.5 

  0.5 
– 

0.4796
0.4964

2.2783
–

  19.4 

0.6821

  20.0 

0.5181

  52.3 
  3.8 

$ 604.1

1.1564
1.0986

(1) Exchange rates as at the end of the respective fiscal year were used to translate amounts in foreign currencies.

during fiscal year 2008, hedge accounting was discontinued for certain foreign exchange forward contracts when it became probable 
that the original anticipated transactions would not occur by the end of the originally specified period. As a result, a gain of $0.9 million 
was recorded in net earnings.  

Also, a gain of $0.9 million, representing the ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the cash flow hedges, was recognized  
in net earnings.

the estimated net amount of existing losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss that is expected to be reclassified 
into earnings during the next 12 months is $1.8 million.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  106

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
   
Credit risk
the Company is exposed to credit risk on cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and long-term contracts. the credit risk on 
cash and cash equivalents is mitigated by the fact that they are in place with major financial institutions. Its customers are primarily 
established companies with publicly available credit ratings or government agencies, factors that facilitate monitoring of the risk. In 
addition,  the  Company  typically  receives  substantial  non-refundable  deposits  on  contracts.  the  Company  closely  monitors  its 
exposure to major airlines in order to mitigate its risk to the extent possible. As well, the Company’s credit exposure is further reduced 
by the sale of third-party receivables (see note 6 Accounts Receivable) to a financial institution on a non-recourse basis. 

the Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by counterparties to its derivative financial instruments. the 
Company minimizes this exposure by entering into contracts with counterparties that are of high credit quality. Collateral or other security 
to support financial instruments subject to credit risk is usually not obtained. the credit standing of counterparties is regularly monitored. 

interest rate exposure
the Company bears some interest rate fluctuation risk on its variable long-term debt (including rates) and some fair value risk on its 
fixed interest long-term debt. As at March 31, 2008, the Company has entered into seven interest rate swap agreements with four 
different financial institutions to mitigate these risks for a total notional value of $133.1 million. 

one agreement, with a notional value of $33.9 million (us$33.0 million), has converted fixed interest rate debt into a floating rate 
whereby  the  Company  pays  the  equivalent  of  a  three-month  lIBoR  borrowing  rate,  plus  3.6%,  and  receives  a  fixed  interest  
rate of 7.76% up to June 2012. the Company designates this interest rate swap contract as a fair value hedge.

during  the  fiscal  year,  the  Company  obtained  senior  secured  financing  for  an  amount  of  $107.5  million  for  two  new  civil  aviation 
training  centres.  the  drawdown  to  March  31,  2008  was  for  the  full  amount  (us$45.7  million  and  £29.6  million  after  taking  into 
consideration the effect of foreign exchange swaps arrangements entered in relation to this financing transaction). the Company 
designates the following interest rate swap contracts as cash flow hedges:

(i)  two  usd-denominated  floating-to-fixed  swaps  with  notional  amounts  of  $4.5  million  (us$4.4  million)  and  $13.4  million 
(us$13.0  million)  amortizing  in  accordance  with  the  repayment  schedule  of  the  debt  until  June  2014  and  June  2018, 
respectively. the Company pays a weighted average fixed interest rate of 8.09%;

(ii)  two  gBp-denominated  floating-to-fixed  swaps  with  notional  amounts  of  $5.7  million  (£2.8  million)  and  $17.3  million  
(£8.5 million) amortizing in accordance with the repayment schedule of the debt until June 2014 and June 2018, respectively. 
the Company pays a weighted average fixed interest rate of 8.39%.

the remaining contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges, convert a floating interest rate debt into a fixed rate for a notional 
value of $58.2 million, whereby the Company will receive quarterly lIBoR and pay fixed interest payments as follows:

(i)  Amortizing based on a repayment schedule of the debt until october 2016 on $7.7 million (£3.8 million), the Company will 

pay quarterly fixed annual interest rates of 6.31%;

(ii)  Accreting swap based on a borrowing schedule until december 2019 on $50.6 million (€ 31.1 million), the Company will pay 

a semi-annual fixed annual interest rate of 4.78%.

After considering these swap agreements, as at March 31, 2008, 72% of the long-term debt bears fixed interest rates.

stock-based compensation cost
since March 2004, the Company entered into four equity swap agreements with three major Canadian financial institutions to reduce 
its cash and net earnings exposure to fluctuations in its share price relating to the dsu and ltI-dsu programs. pursuant to the 
agreement, the Company receives the economic benefit of dividends and a share price appreciation while providing payments to  
the financial institution for the institution’s cost of funds and any share price depreciation. the net effect of the equity swap partly 
offsets movements in the Company’s share price impacting the cost of the dsu and ltI-dsu programs and is reset monthly. As at 
March 31, 2008, the equity swap agreements covered 2,155,000 common shares of the Company.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  107

note 17 – finanCial instruments (continued)

Hedge of self-sustaining foreign operations
the Company has designated a portion of its senior notes totalling us$ 33.0 million as at March 31, 2008 (2007 – us$ 93.0 million) 
as a hedge of self-sustaining foreign operations and is being used to hedge the Company’s exposure to foreign exchange risk on 
these investments. gains or losses on the translation of the designated portion of its senior notes are recognized in other comprehensive 
income to offset any gains or losses on translation of the net investments in the self-sustaining foreign operations. during the third 
quarter of fiscal 2008, us$ 60.0 million of senior notes, maturing in June 2009, was de-designated as a hedge of self-sustaining 
foreign operations. Accordingly, from the de-designation date, the change in carrying value of this portion of the senior notes as a 
result of change in foreign currency is recorded in earnings. however, a highly effective cash flow hedge was obtained to cover the 
interest payments and final maturity of this debt. 

the following methods and assumptions have been used to estimate the fair value of the financial instruments:

(i)  Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are valued at their carrying amounts 
on the Consolidated Balance sheets, which represent an appropriate estimate of their fair values due to their short-term 
maturities;

(ii)  Capital leases are valued using the discounted cash flow method;

(iii)  the value of long-term debt is estimated based on discounted cash flows using current interest rates for debt with similar 

terms and remaining maturities;

(iv)  the net fair value of the Company’s cross currency and interest rate swaps are determined using valuation techniques and 
are  calculated  as  the  present  value  of  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  using  an  appropriate  market  based  yield  curve. 
Assumptions are based on market conditions prevailing at each Consolidated Balance sheets date; 

(v)  Forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  are  represented  by  the  estimated  amounts  that  the  Company  would  receive  or  pay  

to settle the contracts at the Consolidated Balance sheets date.

the fair value of all derivative and non-derivative financial instruments was as follows as at March 31, 2008:

(amounts in millions) 

Assets 

Fair value 

liabilities 

 Carrying amount 

Assets 

liabilities

derivative financial instruments designated as fair value hedges

Interest rate swap agreements 

$  1.3 

$ 

– 

$  1.3 

$ 

–

derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges
  Foreign exchange forward contracts 
  Foreign currency swap agreements 

Interest rate swap agreements 

derivative financial instruments classified as held for trading
  Foreign exchange forward contracts 
  Foreign exchange embedded derivatives 

total derivative financial instruments 

non-derivative financial instruments designated as hedges  
  of net investments of self-sustaining foreign operations
  long-term debt 
other non-derivative financial instruments
  long-term debt 

total non-derivative financial instruments 

total financial instruments 

$  13.7 
  1.6 
  2.3 
$  17.6 

$  8.6 
  3.4 

$  12.0 
$  30.9 

$ 

$ 

– 

– 

– 

$  30.9 

$  12.8 
  0.1 
  4.3 
$  17.2 

$  3.4 
  12.1 

$  15.5 
$  32.7 

$  37.2 

 352.1 

$ 389.3 

$ 422.0 

$  13.7 
  1.6 
  2.3 
$  17.6 

$  8.6 
  3.4 

$  12.0 
$  30.9 

$ 

$ 

– 

– 

– 

$  30.9 

$  12.8
  0.1
  4.3
$  17.2

$  3.4
  12.1

$  15.5
$  32.7

$  33.9

 348.6

$ 382.5

$ 415.2

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  108

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
letters of credit and guarantees
As at March 31, 2008, the Company had outstanding letters of credit and performance guarantees in the amount of $108.9 million 
(2007 – $149.1 million) issued in the normal course of business. these guarantees are issued under mainly the Revolving term Credit 
Facility as well as the performance securities guarantee (psg) account provided by Export development Corporation (EdC) and 
under other standby facilities available to the Company through various financial institutions.

the advance payment guarantees are related to progress/milestone payments made by our customers and are reduced or eliminated 
upon delivery of the product. the contract performance guarantees are linked to the completion of the intended product or service 
rendered by CAE and at the satisfaction of the customer. It represents 10% to 20% of the overall contract amount. the customer 
releases the Company from these guarantees at the signature of a certificate of completion. the letter of credit for the operating lease 
obligation provides credit support for the benefit of the owner participant in the september 30, 2003 sale and leaseback transaction 
and varies according to the payment schedule of the lease agreement.

(amounts in millions) 

Advance payment 
Contract performance 
operating lease obligation 
simulator deployment obligation  
other 

total 

  2008 

$  48.9 
  4.7 
  24.2 
  20.8 
  10.3 

$ 108.9 

  2007

$  68.7
  6.7
  27.2
  40.7
  5.8

$ 149.1

All of the advance payment guarantees were issued under the EdC psg account.

residual value guarantees – sale and leaseback transactions
Following  certain  sale  and  leaseback  transactions,  the  Company  has  agreed  to  guarantee  the  residual  value  of  the  underlying 
equipment in the event that the equipment is returned to the lessor and the net proceeds of any eventual sale do not cover the 
guaranteed amount. the maximum amount of exposure is $17.4 million (2007 – $52.1 million), of which $8.2 million matures in 2020 
and $9.2 million in 2023. of this amount, as at March 31, 2008, $17.4 million is recorded as a deferred gain (2007 – $33.1 million).

indemnifications
In  certain  instances  when  CAE  sells  businesses,  the  Company  may  retain  certain  liabilities  for  known  exposures  and  provide 
indemnification to the buyer with respect to future claims for certain unknown liabilities that exist, or arise from events occurring, prior 
to the sale date, including liabilities for taxes, legal matters, environmental exposures, product liability, and other obligations. the 
terms of the  indemnifications vary in duration, from one to two years for certain types of indemnities, terms for tax indemnifications 
that are generally aligned to the applicable statute of limitations for the jurisdiction in which the divestiture occurred, and terms for 
environmental liabilities that typically do not expire. the maximum potential future payments that the Company could be required to 
make under these indemnifications are either contractually limited to a specified amount or unlimited. the Company believes that 
other  than  the  liabilities  already  accrued,  the  maximum  potential  future  payments  that  it  could  be  required  to  make  under  these 
indemnifications are not determinable at this time, as any future payments would be dependent on the type and extent of the related 
claims, and all available defenses, which cannot be estimated. however, historically, costs incurred to settle claims related to these 
indemnifications have not been material to the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 

note 18 – supplementarY CasH flows information

(amounts in millions) 

Cash provided by (used in) non-cash working capital:   
  Accounts receivable 

Inventories 

  prepaid expenses 

Income taxes recoverable 

  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
  deposits on contracts 

Changes in non-cash working capital 

supplemental cash flow disclosure:   

Interest paid 
Income taxes paid (received)   

supplemental statements of earnings disclosure: 
  Foreign exchange gain 

2008 

   2007 

2006

$  8.5 

 (20.9)   
   (8.7)   
  (18.6)   
  4.4 
  19.6 

$  (39.2)   
  (14.8)   
  4.0 
  20.2 
  22.5 
  27.5 

$ (15.7)   

$  20.2 

$  (31.9)
  13.8 
(7.9)
  ( 7.5)
  58.9
  53.7

$  79.1

$  24.0 
$  28.0 

$  17.1 
$   (1.4)   

$  21.9
$  13.7

$  12.6 

$  2.9 

$  8.4

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  109

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 19 – ContingenCies 
In the normal course of operations, the Company is party to a number of lawsuits, claims and contingencies. Accruals are made in 
instances where it is probable that liabilities will be incurred and where such liabilities can be reasonably estimated. Although it is 
possible that liabilities may be incurred in instances for which no accruals have been made, the Company has no reason to believe 
that the ultimate outcome of these matters will have a material impact on its consolidated financial position.

note 20 – Commitments 
significant contractual purchase obligations and future minimum lease payments under operating leases are as follows:

Years ending March 31 (amounts in millions) 

2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
thereafter 

sp/C 

$  8.1 
  4.9 
  2.7 
  2.0 
  0.3 
  0.3 

$  18.3 

sp/M 

$  11.7 
  7.9 
  4.9 
  2.7 
  0.4 
  0.4 

$  28.0 

ts/C 

$  40.8 
  35.8 
  35.2 
  40.1 
  32.0 
 138.3 

$ 322.2 

ts/M 

$  23.7 
  20.7 
  19.5 
  17.0 
  9.9 
  23.8 

$ 114.6 

total

$  84.3
  69.3
  62.3
  61.8
  42.6
 162.8

$ 483.1

As at March 31, 2008, included in the total contractual purchase obligations and future minimum lease payments under operating 
lease is an amount of $103.3 million (March 31, 2007 – $136.0 million, March 31, 2006 – $140.7 million) designated as commitments 
to Cvs leasing ltd., an entity in which the Company has a 14% minority shareholding.  

of the total $483.1 million disclosed as being commitments as at March 31, 2008, $54.4 million represent contractual purchase 
obligations.

note 21 – government Cost-sHaring 
the  Company  has  signed  agreements  with  various  governments  whereby  the  latter  shares  in  the  cost,  based  on  expenditures 
incurred  by  the  Company,  of  certain  R&d  programs  for  modelling  and  services,  visual  systems  and  advanced  flight  simulation 
technology for civil applications and networked simulation for military applications. 

project phoenix 
during fiscal 2006, the Company announced a plan to invest $630 million in project phoenix, an R&d program that will span the next 
six years. In the same year, the government of Canada and the Company signed an agreement for a contribution of approximately 
30% ($189 million) of the value of CAE’s R&d program. the government of Canada support will reduce by approximately 25% the 
amount of income tax credit otherwise available. this agreement is included in the technology partnerships Canada (tpC) program 
created  by  Industry  Canada  to  invest  strategically  in  research  and  development,  to  encourage  private  sector  investment,  and  to 
increase  technological  capabilities  in  the  Canadian  industry.  the  contribution  will  be  repayable,  based  on  consolidated  revenues, 
starting  in  fiscal  2012  and  ending  in  fiscal  2030,  or  earlier,  should  a  predetermined  royalty  level,  which  exceeds  the  amount  of 
maximum contributions, be reached.

during fiscal 2007, the Company signed an agreement with the government of Québec, which will participate in project phoenix. the 
Québec  government’s  support  will  take  the  form  of  a  contribution  up  to  $31.5  million  over  six  years,  repayable  by  royalties. 
Investissement Québec handles the contribution. the contribution will be repayable, based on consolidated revenues, starting in fiscal 
2012 and ending in fiscal 2030, or earlier should a predetermined royalty level which exceeds the amount of maximum contributions 
be  reached.  the  government  contribution  recognized  by  the  Company  in  fiscal  2007,  related  to  this  agreement  signed  with  the 
government, is based on costs incurred starting in June 2005. 

the following table provides information regarding contributions recognized and amounts not yet received for the aggregate project:

(amounts in millions) 

outstanding contribution receivable, beginning of year   
Contributions 
payments received 

outstanding contribution receivable, end of year  

2008 

$ 18.4 
 62.4 
 (56.6)   

$ 24.2 

2007

$ 10.0
 52.1
 (43.7)

$ 18.4

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  110

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
previous programs
the Company had also signed previous R&d agreements with the government of Canada, in order to share in a portion of specific 
costs incurred by the Company on previous R&d programs. the initiative was intended to broaden the Company’s technological 
capabilities  in  flight  simulation  systems,  by  developing  components  that  will  lower  the  cost  and  weight  of  flight  simulators  
and  technologies  to  reduce  the  cost  of  initial  training.  these  programs  are  repayable  in  the  form  of  royalties  to  March  2011  and  
March 2013, based on future sales for civil and military programs respectively.

aggregate information about programs
the following table provides information on the aggregate contributions recognized and aggregate royalty expenditures recognized 
for all programs:

(amounts in millions) 

Contributions credited to capitalized costs: 
  project phoenix 
Contributions credited to income: 
  project phoenix 
  previous programs 

total contributions: 
  project phoenix 
  previous programs 

Royalty expenses: 
  project phoenix 

  previous programs 

2008 

2007 

2006

$ 20.3 

$  7.1 

$  3.8

 42.1 
– 

$ 62.4 
– 

$ 

– 

  8.8 

 45.0 
– 

$ 52.1 
– 

$ 

– 

  7.5 

 13.5
  7.5

$ 17.3
  7.5

$ 

–

  6.6

the cumulative contributions recognized by the Company, since their respective inceptions, for all current government cost-sharing 
programs still active as at March 31, 2008 amounts to $212.3 million. the cumulative sum of royalty expenses recognized by the 
Company  since  their  respective  inceptions,  for  all  current  government  cost-sharing  programs  still  active  as  at  March  31,  2008, 
amounts to $32.0 million.

note 22 – emploYee future Benefits 
defined future benefits
the  Company  has  two  registered  funded  defined-benefit  pension  plans  in  Canada  (one  for  employees  and  one  for  designated 
executives) that provide benefits based on length of service and final average earnings. the Company also maintains a pension plan 
for employees in the netherlands and in the united Kingdom that provides benefits based on similar provisions.

In addition, the Company maintains a supplemental arrangement plan in Canada and two in germany (CAE Elektronik gmbh plan 
and CAE Beyss gmbh plan [Beyss]) to provide defined benefits. these supplemental arrangements are the sole obligation of the 
Company, and there is no requirement to fund it. however, the Company is obligated to pay the benefits when they become due. 
under the Canadian supplemental arrangement, once the designated employee retires from the Company, the Company is required 
to secure the obligation for that employee. As at March 31, 2008, the Company has issued letters of credit totalling $23.1 million 
(2007 – $21.2 million) to secure these obligations under the Canadian supplemental arrangement.

Contributions reflect actuarial assumptions of future investment returns, salary projections and future service benefits. plan assets are 
represented primarily by Canadian and foreign equities, government and corporate bonds.

In fiscal 2007, the Company closed some of its training centres in Europe, resulting in a curtailment gain of $0.9 million.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  111

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
note 22 – emploYee future Benefits  (continued)
the changes in pension obligations, in fair value of assets and the financial position of the funded pension plans are as follows:

Canadian 

foreign 

(amounts in million) 

Change in pension obligations 
  Adjustment u.K. plan 
  Current service cost 

Interest cost 
  Curtailment 
  Employee contributions 
  pension benefits paid 
  Actuarial loss (gain) 
  Foreign exchange variation 

pension obligation at end of year 

Change in faire value of plan assets:

 Fair value of plan assets at  
  beginning of year 
  Adjustment u.K. plan 
  Actual return on plan assets 
  pension benefits paid 
  Employee contributions 
  Employer contributions 
  Foreign exchange variation 

$ 191.7 
– 
  6.0 
  10.0 
– 
  2.2 
 (10.2) 
(5.8) 
– 

$ 193.9 

$ 163.1 
– 
  4.2 
 (10.2) 
  2.2 
  9.3 
– 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year 

$ 168.6 

Financial position – plan (deficit) surplus 
unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain) 
unamortized past service cost 

Amount recognized at end of year 

Amount recognized in: 
  other assets (note 11) 
  other long-term liabilities 

$ (25.3) 
  46.0 
  4.6 

$  25.3 

$  25.3 
– 

$  25.3 

$  21.9 
– 
  0.6 
  1.0 
– 
  0.3 
(0.3) 
  1.2 
  0.6 

$  25.3 

$  23.3 
– 
  0.1 
(0.3) 
  0.3 
– 
  0.5 

$  23.9 

$ 

(1.4) 
  1.4 
– 

$ 

– 

$  0.6 
(0.6) 

$ 

– 

2008 

total 

$ 213.6 
– 
6.6 
11.0 
– 
2.5 
(10.5) 
(4.6) 
0.6 

$ 219.2 

$ 186.4 
– 
4.3 
(10.5) 
2.5 
9.3 
0.5 

$ 192.5 

$ (26.7) 
47.4 
4.6 

$  25.3 

$  25.9 
(0.6) 

$  25.3 

Canadian 

$ 175.4 
– 
  6.0 
  9.1 
– 
  2.2 
  (11.6) 
  10.6 
- 

$ 191.7 

$ 144.7 
– 
  18.1 
  (11.6) 
  2.2 
  9.7 
– 

$ 163.1 

$  (28.6) 
  46.5 
  5.1 

$  23.0 

$  23.0 
– 

$  23.0 

Foreign 

$  15.6 
   4.1 
  0.8 
  0.9 
(0.9) 
  0.3 
(0.2) 
(0.6) 
  1.9 

$  21.9 

$  15.9 
  3.4 
  1.1 
(0.2) 
  0.3 
  0.9 
  1.9 

$  23.3 

$  1.4 
(1.0) 
- 

$  0.4 

$  1.1 
(0.7) 

$  0.4 

2007

total

$ 191.0

  4.1  
  6.8
  10.0
(0.9)
  2.5
  (11.8)
  10.0
  1.9

$ 213.6

$ 160.6
  3.4
  19.2
  (11.8)
  2.5
  10.6
  1.9

$ 186.4

$  (27.2)
  45.5
  5.1

$  23.4

$  24.1
(0.7)

$  23.4

Included in the above pension obligation and fair value of plan assets at end of year are the following amounts in respect of plans that 
are in deficit (the two Canadian funded plans and the united Kingdom plan and netherlands plan [since fiscal 2008]).

(amounts in millions) 

pension obligation at end of year 

Canadian 

$ 193.9 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year  

$ 168.6 

foreign 

$  25.3 

$  23.9 

2008 

total 

 $ 219.2 

$ 192.5 

Canadian 

$ 191.7 

$ 163.1 

Foreign 

$  4.8 

$  4.1 

2007

total

$ 196.5

$ 167.2

Financial position – plan deficit  

$ (25.3) 

$ 

(1.4) 

$ (26.7) 

$  (28.6)   

$ 

(0.7)   

$  (29.3)

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
pension obligations related to the supplemental arrangements are as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

Change in pension obligations:
pension obligation at beginning of year  
  Current service cost 

Interest cost 

  pension benefits paid 
  Actuarial loss 
  Foreign exchange variation   

pension obligation at end of year 

  Financial position – plan deficit 
  unrecognized net actuarial loss 

Amount recognized in other long-term  
  liabilities at end of year  

Canadian 

foreign 

$ 23.8 
  1.6 
  1.3 
 (1.3)   
  2.3 
– 

 27.7 

 (27.7)   
  7.9 

$  9.8 
  0.2 
  0.4 
 (0.5)   
 (0.2)   
  0.5 

 10.2 

 (10.2)   
  1.4 

2008 

total 

$ 33.6 
  1.8 
  1.7 
 (1.8)   
  2.1 
  0.5 

 37.9 

 (37.9)   
  9.3 

Canadian 

Foreign 

$  21.7 
  1.3 
  1.1 
 (1.2)   
  0.9 
– 

 23.8 

 (23.8)   
  5.8 

$  8.8 
  0.2 
  0.4 
 (0.5)   
  0.1 
  0.8 

  9.8 

 (9.8)   
  1.6 

2007

total

$ 30.5
  1.5
  1.5
 (1.7)
  1.0
  0.8

 33.6

 (33.6)
  7.4

$ (19.8)   

$ (8.8)   

$ (28.6)   

$ (18.0)   

$  (8.2)   

$ (26.2)

the net pension cost for funded pension plans for the years ended March 31 included the following components:

(amounts in millions) 

Current service cost 
plan expenses 
Interest cost on pension obligations   
Actual return on plan assets 
net actuarial loss on benefit obligation   

pension cost before adjustments to recognize the long-term nature of plans 

Adjustments to recognize long-term nature of plans:
  difference between expected return and actual return on plan assets 
  difference between actuarial loss recognized for the year and 

  actual actuarial loss on benefit obligations for the year 
  difference between amortization of past service cost for the 

  year and actual plan amendments for the year 

total adjustment 

net pension cost  
Curtailment 

2008 

$  6.6 
 –
 11.0 
 (4.3)   
 (4.6)   

  8.7 

2007 

$  6.8 
– 
 10.0 
 (19.2)   
 10.0 

  7.6 

 (8.2)   

  8.1 

  6.4 

 (7.4)   

  0.5 

 (1.3)   

  7.4 
– 

  0.5 

  1.2 

  8.8 
 (0.9)   

2006

$  4.7
  0.3
 10.1
(13.3)
  9.0

 10.8

  4.2

 (6.7)

  0.5

 (2.0)

  8.8
–

net pension cost including curtailment  

$  7.4 

$  7.9 

$  8.8

the following components are combinations of the items presented above:

(amounts in millions) 

Expected return on plan assets   
Amortization of net actuarial loss 
Amortization of past service costs 

2008 

$ (12.5)   
  1.8 
  0.5 

2007 

$ (11.1)   
  2.6 
  0.5 

2006

$  (9.1)
  2.3
  0.5

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  113

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 22 – emploYee future Benefits  (continued)
With respect to the supplemental arrangements, the net pension cost is as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

Current service cost 
Interest cost on pension obligations   
net actuarial loss on benefit obligations 

pension cost before adjustments to recognize the long-term nature of plans 

Adjustments to recognize the long-term nature of plans:

 difference between actuarial loss recognized for the year and 
  actual actuarial loss on benefit obligations for the year 

net pension cost 

the following component is a combination of the items presented above:

(amounts in millions) 

Amortization of net actuarial loss 

2008 

$ 1.8 
 1.7 
 2.1 

 5.6 

2007 

$ 1.5 
 1.5 
 1.0 

 4.0 

 (1.8)   

 (0.6)   

$ 3.8 

$ 3.4 

2008 

$ 0.3 

2007 

$ 0.4 

2006

$ 1.1
 1.2
 5.1

 7.4

 (5.0)

$  2.4

2006

$ 0.1

Additional  information  on  Canadian  funded  pension  plan  assets  –  weighted  average  asset  allocations  by  asset  category  are  
as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

Asset Category 

Equity securities 
Fixed-income securities 

total 

Allocation of plan Assets at Measurement dates

december 31, 2007 

december 31, 2006

  62%  
  38%  

 100%  

  65%
  35%

 100%

the target allocation percentage for equity securities is 63%, which includes a mix of Canadian, u.s. and international equities, and 
for the fixed-income securities is 37%, which must be rated BBB or higher.  Individual asset classes are allowed to fluctuate slightly 
and are rebalanced regularly. CAE, through its fund managers, is responsible for investing the assets so as to achieve return in line 
with underlying market indexes. the investment policy has been modified at the end of december 2005 to allow active management 
of Canadian equities, which represents approximately 35% of the fund.

netherlands pension plan assets are invested through an insurance company, and the asset allocation is approximately 75% in fixed 
income, 24% in equities and 1% in cash.

the asset allocation for the united Kingdom pension plan asset is approximately 64% in equities, 27% in fixed income and 9% in cash. 

Additional information on employer contributions:

(amounts in millions) 

Actual contribution – fiscal 2007  
Actual contribution – fiscal 2008  
Expected contribution – fiscal 2009 (unaudited)   

Funded plan 

  supplemental 
  Arrangements

Canadian 

Foreign 

Canadian 

Foreign

$ 9.7 
 9.3 
 9.2 

$ 0.9 
  – 
 1.0 

$ 1.2 
 1.3 
 1.3 

$ 0.5
 0.5
 0.4

Additional information about benefit payments expected to be paid in future years:

Years ending March 31 (amounts in millions – unaudited) 

  Funded plans  

  supplemental  
  Arrangements

2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 - 2018 

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  114

Canadian 

Foreign 

Canadian 

Foreign

$ 10.0 
 10.9 
 11.9 
 13.0 
 14.2 
 89.6 

$  0.4 
  0.3 
  0.6 
  0.8 
  0.8 
  5.4 

$  1.3 
  1.3 
  1.4 
  1.6 
  1.7 
 11.2 

$  0.5
  0.6
  0.5
  0.6
  0.5
  2.6

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
significant assumptions (weighted average):   

pension obligations as of March 31:   
  discount rate  
  Compensation rate increases  
net pension cost:
  Expected return on plan assets 
  discount rate 
  Compensation rate increases   

2008 

2007

Canadian 

foreign 

Canadian 

Foreign

 5.50% 
 3.50% 

 7.00% 
 5.25% 
 3.50% 

 5.40% 
 1.80% 

 5.50% 
 4.70% 
 1.90% 

 5.25%  
 3.50%  

 7.00%  
 5.25%  
 3.50%  

 4.70%
 1.90%

 5.60%
 4.30%
 1.80%

For the purpose of calculating the expected return on plan assets, historical and expected future returns were considered separately 
for each class of assets based on the asset allocation and the investment policy.

the Company measures its benefit obligations and fair value of plan assets for accounting purposes on december 31 of each year. 

the most recent actuarial valuation of the pension plans for funding purposes was on september 30, 2007 for the Canadian employee 
funded plans. the next required valuation will be on december 31, 2009 for both funded plans.

An actuarial valuation of the funded united Kingdom plan is made every three years on March 31. the last actuarial valuation was filed 
on March 31, 2006.

the  most  recent  actuarial  valuation  of  the  pension  plans  for  funding  purposes  was  on  december  31,  2005  for  the  netherlands 
employee funded plan. the next required valuation will be on december 31, 2008.

defined contribution plans
the Company maintains an Employee stock purchase plan (Espp) to enable Company employees and its participating subsidiaries 
to  acquire  CAE  common  shares  through  regular  payroll  deductions  plus  employer  contributions.  the  plan  allows  employees  to 
contribute  up  to  18%  of  their  annual  base  salary.  the  Company  and  its  participating  subsidiaries  match  the  first  $500  employee 
contribution  and  contribute  $1  for  every  $2  on  additional  employee  contributions,  up  to  a  maximum  of  3%  of  the  employee’s  
base  salary.  Refer  to  note  16,  Stock-based  Compensation  Plans  for  further  details  and  compensation  expense  recorded  during  
the period.

All of the Company’s u.s. employees may participate in defined contribution saving plans. these plans are subject to u.s. federal tax 
limitations and provide for voluntary employee salary deduction contributions. the Company’s defined contribution plans formula are 
based on a percentage of salary. the Company’s 2008 contribution was $2.9 million ($2.1 million in 2007 and $1.8 million in 2006).

In  addition,  the  Company  offered  some  foreign  employees  defined  contribution  pension  plans  (other  than  Canadian  and  u.s.)  
for which the formula is based on a percentage of salary. the Company’s 2008 contribution was $0.1 million (2007 – $0.1 million, 
2006 – $0.1 million).

note 23 – restruCturing Costs
during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2005,  following  a  comprehensive  review  of  current  performance  and  the  strategic  orientation  of  its 
operations,  the  Company  announced  a  broad  Restructuring  plan  (third  initiative)  aimed  at  the  elimination  of  existing  duplications 
between  the  civil  and  military  segments  and  the  achievement  of  a  more  competitive  cost  structure.  the  plan,  which  included  a 
workforce reduction of approximately 450 employees and the closing of redundant facilities, had a significant effect on the Company’s 
operations  in  Montreal  and  around  the  world,  including  some  European  and  u.s.  training  centres.  A  restructuring  charge  of  
$24.5 million, consisting mainly of severance and other related costs, was included in the net earnings (loss) of the fourth quarter  
of fiscal 2005. since fiscal 2005, cumulative restructuring charges of $44.6 million, consisting mainly of employee termination costs 
and other related costs, have been recorded in the Company’s results. the restructuring initiative is completed.

the following table provides the restructuring charge for each reportable segment:

(amounts in millions) 

simulation products/Civil 
simulation products/Military 
training & services/Civil 
training & services/Military 

2008 

– 

$ 
 –
 –
 –

$ 

– 

2007 

$ 

– 
– 
  1.2 
– 

$  1.2 

2006

$  2.8
  4.3
 11.6
  0.2

$ 18.9

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  115

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 23 – restruCturing Costs (continued)
the continuity of the restructuring provision is as follows:

(amounts in millions) 

Balance of provision as at March 31, 2004 
Costs charged to expenses 
payments made 

Balance of provision as at March 31, 2005 
Costs charged to expenses 
payments made 
Foreign exchange 

Balance of provision as at March 31, 2006 
Reversal of provision 
Costs charged to expenses 
payments made 
Foreign exchange 

Balance of provision as at March 31, 2007 

Reclassifications to other liabilities 
payments made 
Foreign exchange 

Balance of provision as at march 31, 2008 

Employee 
termination 
Costs 

$  0.5 
 20.8 
 (12.1)   

  9.2 
 12.6 
  (9.3)   
  (0.5)   

 12.0 
  (1.9)   
– 
  (7.6)   
  0.4 

other 
Costs 

$  0.1 
  3.7 
 (1.8)   

  2.0 
  6.3 
 (7.6)   
 (0.1)   

  0.6 
– 
  3.1 
 (3.2)   
– 

total

$  0.6
 24.5
 (13.9)

 11.2
 18.9
 (16.9)
  (0.6)

 12.6
  (1.9)
  3.1
 (10.8)
  0.4

$  2.9 

$  0.5 

$  3.4

 (1.5)   
 (1.3)   
 (0.1)   

– 
 (0.5)   
– 

 (1.5)
 (1.8)
 (0.1)

$ 

– 

$ 

– 

$ 

–

note 24 – variaBle interest entities 

the following table summarizes, by segment and as per Canadian gAAp, the total assets and total liabilities of the significant variable 
interest entities (vIEs) in which the Company has a variable interest as at March 31:

(amounts in millions) 

training and services/Civil:
Sale and leaseback structures
  Air Canada training Centre – Fiscal 2000 
  Emirates-CAE Flight training Centre – Fiscal 2002 (1)   
  toronto training Centre – Fiscal 2002 
  denver/dallas – Fiscal 2003 
  simuFlite – Fiscal 2004 

Assets and liabilities of non-consolidated vIEs subject to  disclosure   

training and services/military:
Sale and leaseback structures
  Aircrew training Centre – Fiscal 1998 

2008 

2007

assets 

liabilities 

Assets 

liabilities

$  13.3 
  11.9 
  11.4 
  51.8 
  73.6 

$ 162.0 

$  13.3 
  11.9 
  11.4 
  51.8 
  73.6 

$ 162.0 

$  14.0 
  12.5 
  11.9 
  54.1 
  76.8 

$ 169.3 

$  14.0
  12.5
  11.9
  54.1
  76.8

$ 169.3

$  65.6 

$  48.5 

$  63.7 

$  50.0

Consolidated assets and liabilities before allowing for its  classification  
  as a vIE and the Company being the primary  beneficiary 

$  65.6 

$  48.5 

$  63.7 

$  50.0

simulation products/military:
Partnership arrangements
  Eurofighter simulation systems – Fiscal 1999  

Assets and liabilities of non-consolidated vIEs subject to  disclosure   

$ 112.4 

$ 112.4 

$ 108.0 

$ 108.0 

$ 125.8 

$ 125.8 

$ 121.7

$ 121.7

(1)  the sale and leaseback structure was entered into when the asset was located in the Company’s toronto training Centre. the asset has since been                                                     

relocated. on october 4, 2006, the asset was contributed to the Emirates-CAE Flight training Centre.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the liabilities recognized as a result of consolidating this vIE do not represent additional claims on the Company’s general assets; 
rather,  they  represent  claims  against  the  specific  assets  of  the  consolidated  vIE.  Conversely,  assets  recognized  as  a  result  of 
consolidating this vIE do not represent additional assets that could be used to satisfy claims against the Company’s general assets. 
Additionally, the consolidation of this vIE did not result in any change in the underlying tax, legal or credit exposure of the Company.

sale and leaseback structures
A key element of CAE’s finance strategy to support the investment in its civil and military training and services business is the sale and 
leaseback  of  certain  FFss  installed  in  the  Company’s  global  network  of  training  centres.  this  provides  CAE  with  a  cost-effective  
long-term  source  of  fixed-cost  financing.  A  sale  and  leaseback  structure  arrangement  can  be  executed  only  after  the  FFs  has 
achieved certification by regulatory authorities (i.e. the simulator is installed and is available to customers for training). the sale and 
leaseback structures are typically structured as leveraged leases with an owner-participant. 

the Company has entered into sale and leaseback arrangements with special purpose entities (spEs). these arrangements relate to 
simulators used in the Company’s training centres for the military and civil aviation segments. these leases expire at various dates up 
to 2023, with the exception of one in 2037. typically, the Company has the option to purchase the equipment at a specific time during 
the  lease  terms  at  a  specific  purchase  price.  some  leases  include  renewal  options  at  the  end  of  the  term.  In  some  cases,  the 
Company has provided guarantees for the residual value of the equipment at the expiry date of the leases or at the date the Company 
exercises its purchase option. secured long-term debt and third-party equity investors who, in certain cases, benefit from tax incentives 
finance these spEs. the equipment serves as collateral for the long-term debt of the spEs.

the Company’s variable interests in these spEs are solely through fixed purchase price options and residual value guarantees, except 
for one case where it is in the form of equity and subordinated loan. In another case, the Company also provides administrative 
services to the spE in return for a market fee.  

the Company concluded that some of these spE are vIEs. At the end of fiscal 2008 and 2007, the company is the primary beneficiary 
for one of them. the assets and liabilities of this vIE are fully consolidated into the Company’s consolidated financial statements as at 
March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007 before allowing for its classification as a vIE and the Company being the primary beneficiary.  

For all of the other spEs that are vIEs, the Company is not the primary beneficiary and consolidation is not appropriate under Acg-15. 
As  at  March  31,  2008,  the  Company’s  maximum  potential  exposure  to  losses  relating  to  these  non-consolidated  spEs  was  
$42.0 million ($47.1 million in 2007). 

partnership arrangements
the Company entered into partnership arrangements to provide manufactured military simulation products as well as training and 
services for both the military and civil segments.

the Company’s involvement with entities, in connection with these partnership arrangements, is mainly through investments in their 
equity and/or in subordinated loans and through manufacturing and long-term training service contracts. the Company concluded 
that  certain  of  these  entities  are  vIEs,  but  the  Company  is  not  the  primary  beneficiary.  Accordingly,  these  entities  have  not  been 
consolidated.  the  Company  continues  to  account  for  these  investments  under  the  equity  method,  recording  its  share  of  the  net 
earnings or loss based on the terms of the partnership arrangements. As at March 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company’s maximum 
off-balance  sheet  exposure  to  losses  related  to  these  non-consolidated  vIEs,  other  than  from  its  contractual  obligations,  was  
not material.

note 25 – operating segments and geograpHiC information  

the Company elected to organize its businesses based principally on products and services. Effective April 1, 2005, the Company 
changed its internal organizational structure such that operations are managed through four segments: 

(i)  simulation products/Civil – designs, manufactures and supplies civil flight simulators, training devices and visual systems;

(ii)  simulation products/Military – designs, manufactures and supplies advanced military training products for air, land and sea 

applications;

(iii)  training & services/Civil – provides business and commercial aviation training and related services;

(iv)  training & services/Military – supplies military turnkey training and operational solutions, support services, life extensions, 

systems maintenance and modelling and simulation solutions.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  117

note 25 – operating segments and geograpHiC information (continued)

results by segment
the profitability measure employed by the Company for making decisions about allocating resources to segments and assessing 
segment performance is earnings before other income (expense), interest, income taxes and discontinued operations (hereinafter 
referred to as segment operating income).the accounting principles used to prepare the information by operating segments are the 
same as those used to prepare the Company’s Consolidated Financial statements. transactions between operating segments are 
mainly simulator transfers from the simulation products/Civil segment to the training & services/Civil segment, which are recorded at 
cost. the method used for the allocation of assets jointly used by operating segments and costs and liabilities jointly incurred (mostly 
corporate costs) between operating segments is based on the level of utilization when determinable and measurable, otherwise the 
allocation is made based on a proportion of each segment’s cost of sales.

(amounts in millions) 

2008 

2007 

2006 

2008 

2007 

2006 

2008 

2007 

simulation products 

training & services 

total

2006

Civil 
External revenue 
segment operating Income 
depreciation and amortization
  property, plant and equipment 
Intangible and other assets 

Capital expenditures 

military 
External revenue 
segment operating Income  
depreciation and amortization 
  property, plant and equipment 
Intangible and other assets 

Capital expenditures 

total 
External revenue 
segment operating Income  
depreciation and amortization 
  property, plant and equipment 
Intangible and other assets 

Capital expenditures 

$  435.3  $  348.1  $  257.0  $  382.1  $  336.9  $  322.3   $  817.4  $  685.0  $  579.3
87.0

  124.7 

  168.4 

73.5 

94.9 

64.3 

60.4 

29.9 

57.1 

4.7 
2.2 
4.6 

5.2 
4.2 
14.4 

5.5 
5.8 
5.7 

44.5 
7.5 
  161.8 

39.5 
6.0 
  108.1 

36.6 
6.7 
87.5 

49.2 
9.7 
  166.4 

44.7 
10.2 
  122.5 

42.1
12.5
93.2

$  383.7  $  357.5  $  327.4  $  222.5  $  208.2  $  200.5  $  606.2  $  565.7  $  527.9
45.7

39.1 

27.0 

33.7 

18.7 

72.8 

51.7 

31.4 

83.1 

6.0 
4.5 
7.3 

6.0 
3.0 
5.5 

6.1 
7.7 
6.0 

5.4 
2.7 
15.8 

4.3 
2.6 
30.1 

4.3 
2.7 
30.9 

11.4 
7.2 
23.1 

10.3 
5.6 
35.6 

10.4
10.4
36.9

$  819.0  $  705.6  $  584.4  $  604.6  $  545.1  $  522.8  $ 1,423.6  $  1,250.7  $  1,107.2
  132.7

  197.5 

  146.6 

  104.9 

  251.5 

56.9 

98.0 

75.8 

99.5 

10.7 
6.7 
11.9 

11.2 
7.2 
19.9 

11.6 
13.5 
11.7 

49.9 
10.2 
  177.6 

43.8 
8.6 
  138.2 

40.9 
9.4 
  118.4 

60.6 
16.9 
  189.5 

55.0 
15.8 
  158.1 

52.5
22.9
  130.1

earnings before interest and income taxes

the following table provides reconciliation between total segment operating Income and earnings before interest and income taxes:

(amounts in millions) 

total segment operating Income 
Foreign exchange gain on the reduction of the investment  
  in certain self-sustaining subsidiaries (a) 
Restructuring charge (note 23)  
other costs associated with the Restructuring plan (b)  

2008 

$ 251.5 

2007 

$ 197.5 

 – 
– 
– 

– 
(1.2)   
(6.9)   

2006

$ 132.7

  5.3
  (18.9)
  (15.1)

Earnings before interest and income taxes 

$ 251.5 

$ 189.4 

$ 104.0

(a)  the  Company  reduced  the  capitalization  of  its  certain  self-sustaining  subsidiaries.  Accordingly,  the  corresponding  amount  of  foreign  exchange 

accumulated in the accumulated other comprehensive loss was transferred to the Consolidated statements of Earnings.

(b)  In the past, the Company incurred costs, which were excluded from the determination of segment operating income, related to the re-engineering  
of the Company’s business processes including a component associated with the first phase of the deployment of the ERp system. As at April 1, 2007, 
the costs related with the first phase of the ERp deployment have ended. Current costs associated with additional phases of the deployment of the  
ERp system are not considered restructuring costs and will be included in the determination of segment operating income.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  118

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
assets employed by segment
CAE uses assets employed to assess resources allocated to each segment. Assets employed include accounts receivable, inventories, 
prepaid  expenses,  property,  plant  and  equipment,  goodwill,  intangible  assets  and  other  assets.  Assets  employed  exclude  cash, 
income tax accounts, assets held for sale and assets of certain non-operating subsidiaries.

(amounts in millions) 

simulation products/Civil 
simulation products/Military 
training & services/Civil 
training & services/Military 

total assets employed  

Assets not included in assets employed 

total assets 

 as at march 31 
2008 

 As at March 31 
2007

$   208.3 
  302.8 
 1,067.6 
  219.8 

 1,798.5 

  454.7 

$ 2,253.2 

$  188.0
  251.2
  973.8
  208.7

 1,621.7

  334.5

$ 1,956.2

geographic information
the  Company  markets  its  products  and  services  in  over  20  countries.  sales  are  attributed  to  countries  based  on  the  location  
of customers.

(amounts in millions) 

Revenue from external customers
  Canada 
  united states 
  united Kingdom 
  germany 
  netherlands 
  other European countries  
  China 
  united Arab Emirates 
  other Asian countries  
  Australia 
  other countries 

(amounts in millions) 

property, plant and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets
  Canada 
  united states 
  south America 
  united Kingdom 
  spain 
  germany 
  netherlands 
  other European countries 
  united Arab Emirates 
  Asia 
  other countries 

2008 

2007 

2006

$  98.4 
  468.9 
  102.2 
  162.6 
  98.0 
  145.5 
  71.1 
  53.3 
  81.8 
  78.1 
  63.7 

$  137.5 
  398.6 
  98.1 
  153.3 
  92.4 
  127.1 
  56.3 
  52.5 
  70.8 
  33.1 
  31.0 

$  100.1
  393.5
  80.2
  153.3
  104.6
  41.3
  56.4
  61.7 
  54.9
  25.2
  36.0

$ 1,423.6 

$ 1,250.7 

$ 1,107.2

 as at march 31 
2008 

 As at March 31 
2007

$  205.9 
  297.2 
  66.1 
  166.3 
  95.4 
  67.2 
  134.0 
  61.3 
  63.6 
  54.3 
  13.0 

$ 1,224.3 

$  145.5
  290.1
  55.5
  142.8
  89.9
  53.3
  140.8
  62.7
  72.8
  44.1
  22.0

$ 1,119.5

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  119

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 26 –   differenCes Between Canadian and united states generallY  

aCCepted aCCounting prinCiples

the  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  accounting  principles 
(Canadian gAAp), which differ in certain respects from those principles that the Company would have followed if its consolidated financial 
statements had been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the united states (u.s. gAAp).

As  required  by  the  united  states  securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (sEC),  the  effect  of  these  principal  differences  on  the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements is described and quantified as follows:

reconciliation of net earnings in Canadian gaap to u.s. gaap

Years ended March 31  
(amounts in millions, except per share amounts) 

net earnings in accordance with Canadian gAAp 
Results of discontinued operations in accordance with Canadian gAAp 

Earnings from continuing operations in accordance with Canadian gAAp 
deferred development costs excluding amortization noted below  
Amortization of deferred development costs  
deferred pre-operating costs excluding amortization noted below 
Amortization of pre-operating costs   
Financial instruments  
Reduction of the net investment in self-sustaining operations  
stock-based compensation 
Future income tax relating to the above adjustments  

Earnings from continuing operations – u.s. gAAp 
Results of discontinued operations in accordance with u.s. gAAp    

notes 

A 
A 
B 
B 
  C,J 
E 
I 

2008 

$ 152.7 

2007 

$ 127.4 

 (12.1)   

(1.7)   

$ 164.8 
  1.8 
  2.9 

(1.6)   

  2.0 
  4.9 
 –

(5.9)   
(5.9)   

$ 163.0 

 (12.1)   

$ 129.1 

(3.4)   

  4.8 

(6.9)   

  3.0 
  7.0 
– 
  5.2 

(2.9)   

$ 135.9 

(1.7)   

2006

$ 63.6
(6.0)

$ 69.6
(5.4)
  13.1
  2.0
  4.0
  7.9
(5.3)
  2.2
(7.6)

$ 80.5
(6.0)

net earnings in accordance with u.s. gAAp 

$ 150.9 

$ 134.2 

$  74.5

Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing  
  operations in accordance with u.s. gAAp 

Basic and diluted results per share from discontinued  
  operations in accordance with u.s. gAAp 

Basic and diluted net earnings per share in accordance with u.s. gAAp 

dividends per common share  

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (Basic) 

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (diluted)   

$  0.64 

$  0.54 

$  0.32

$ (0.05)   

$  (0.01)   

$  (0.02)

$  0.59 

$  0.04 

 253.4 

 254.6 

$  0.53 

$  0.04 

 251.1 

 253.0 

$  0.30

$  0.04

 249.8

 252.1

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  120

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income in accordance with u.s. gaap

Years ended March 31 (amounts in millions) 

net earnings in accordance with u.s. gAAp  

other comprehensive (loss) income
  defined Benefit adjustment
  net change in actuarial gains (losses)  
  Change in accumulated minimum pension liability   
  Reclassifications to income  

Income tax adjustment 

foreign Currency translation adjustment
net foreign exchange (losses) gains on translation  
  of financial statements of self-sustaining foreign operations  
net change in gains of certain long-term debt denominated  
  in foreign currency and designated as hedges on net investments  
  on self-sustaining foreign operations   
Income tax adjustment 

total other comprehensive (loss) income in accordance with u.s. gAAp 

Comprehensive income in accordance with u.s. gAAp 

notes 

2008 

2007 

$  150.9 

$  134.2 

  F,g 
  F,g 
  F,g 
  F,g 

$ 

(5.9)   
–    

  2.7 
   (0.5)   

$ 

– 
  17.0 
– 
(5.3)   

$ 

 (3.7)   

$  11.7 

2006

$  74.5

$ 

–
(0.2)
–
  0.1

$ 

 (0.1)

  E,F 

$  (50.2)   

$  26.1 

$  (49.2)

  C,F 
  E,F 

  15.7 
   (0.6)   

  1.5 

(0.1)   

$  (35.1)   

$  27.5 

$  (38.8)   

$  39.2 

$  112.1 

$  173.4 

  4.6
  1.0

$  (43.6)

$  (43.7)

$   30.8

accumulated other comprehensive loss in accordance with u.s. gaap

Years ended March 31 (amounts in millions) 

notes 

2008 

2007 

2006

Accumulated other comprehensive loss in accordance with  
  u.s. gAAp, beginning of year 
other comprehensive (loss) income in accordance with u.s. gAAp 
unrecognized actuarial gains and losses and past service  
  costs on defined benefit pension plan, net of tax 
  recovery of $nil (2007 – $14.9) 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss in accordance  
  with u.s. gAAp, end of year  

$ (115.8)   
 (38.8)   

$ (122.0)    
  39.2 

$  (78.3)
  (43.7)

g 

– 

  (33.0)   

–

$ (154.6)   

$ (115.8)   

$ (122.0)

reconciliation of shareholders’ equity in Canadian gaap to u.s. gaap

As at March 31 (amounts in millions) 

shareholders’ equity in accordance with Canadian gAAp 
deferred development costs,  
  net of tax recovery of $6.3 (2007 – $12.7; 2006 – $13.3) 
deferred pre-operating costs,  
  net of tax recovery of $3.9 (2007 – $4.5; 2006 – $2.9)  
Financial instruments,  
  net of tax recovery of $0.2 (2007 – $5.5; 2006 – $7.7) 
defined benefit and other post-retirement benefit,  
  net of tax recovery of $17.5 (2007 – $18.0; 2006 – $8.4) 
stock-based compensation,  
  net of tax expense of $1.0 (2007 – $3.3; 2006 – $1.6)  

shareholders’ equity in accordance with u.s. gAAp  

notes 

2008 

$ 948.5 

2007 

$ 829.9 

2006

$ 672.2

A 

B 

 (13.7)   

  (12.0)   

  (12.8)

(8.8)   

(8.6)   

(6.3)

  C,J 

(0.5)   

  (12.9)   

  (17.7)

g 

I 

 (43.7)   

  (40.0)   

  (18.7)

  2.1 

  7.0 

$  883.9 

$  763.4 

  3.1

$ 619.8

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  121

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 26 –  differenCes Between Canadian and united states generallY  

aCCepted aCCounting prinCiples (continued)

Consolidated balance sheets in accordance with u.s. gaap 

As at March 31 (amounts in millions) 

notes 

Canadian 
gaap 

2008 
 u.s. 
gaap 

Canadian 
gAAp 

2007
 u.s. 
gAAp

assets
Current assets
  Cash and cash equivalents 
  Accounts receivable 
  derivative instruments 

Inventories 

  prepaid expenses 

Income taxes recoverable 

  Future income taxes 

property, plant and equipment, net 
Future income taxes 
derivative instruments 
Intangible assets 
goodwill 
other assets  

liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities
  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  
  deposits on contracts 
  derivative instruments 
  Current portion of long-term debt  
  Future income taxes 

long-term debt 
deferred gains and other long-term liabilities   
derivative instruments 
Future income taxes 

shareholders’ equity
Capital stock 
Contributed surplus 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

C 
C 
C 
C 

B,C 

J 
A,B,C,g,I 
C 

 A,B,g,l 

$  255.7 
  237.8 
  17.2 
  229.9 
  32.7 
  39.0 
  14.1 

$  826.4 

 1,046.8 
  64.3 
  13.7 
  62.0 
  115.5 
  124.5 

$  255.7 
  238.3 
  19.0 
  229.9 
  32.7 
  39.0 
  14.2 

$  828.8 

 1,046.8 
  71.7 
  14.9 
  62.0 
  115.5 
  65.9 

$  150.2 
  219.8 
– 
  203.8 
  23.5 
  24.7 
3.7 

$  625.7 

  986.6 
  81.5 
– 
  36.0 
  96.9 
  129.5 

$  150.2
  221.2
8.7
  206.0
  23.6
  24.7
8.4

$  642.8

  984.3
  125.0
8.6
  36.0
  96.9
  68.2

$ 2,253.2 

$ 2,205.6 

$ 1,956.2 

$ 1,961.8

  C,g,I 
C 
C 

  A,C,I 

C,l 
 C,g,I,J 
C 
  C,I,g 

$  459.1 
  209.3 
  23.6 
  27.3 
  16.8 

$  736.1 

  352.5 
  175.8 
9.1 
  31.2 

$  459.8 
  210.2 
  28.5 
  27.3 
  13.1 

$  738.9 

  348.2 
  207.2 
  11.7 
  15.7 

$  403.9 
  184.8 
– 
  27.2 
4.9 

$  620.8 

  256.0 
  232.7 
– 
  16.8 

$  404.4
  187.9
  14.8
  27.2
8.3

$  642.6

  254.5
  251.8
  25.3
  24.2

$ 1,304.7 

$ 1,321.7 

$ 1,126.3 

$ 1,198.4

  d,h 
I 
A,B,C,d,E,h,I,J,l 
  C,E,g 

$  418.9 
8.3 
  644.5 
  (123.2)   

$  663.1 
7.6 
  367.8 
  (154.6)   

$  401.7 
5.7 
  510.2 

(87.7)   

$  645.9
6.3
  227.0
  (115.8) 

$  948.5 

$  883.9 

$  829.9 

$  763.4

$ 2,253.2 

$ 2,205.6 

$ 1,956.2 

$ 1,961.8

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  122

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows

under u.s. gAAp reporting, separate subtotals within operating, financing and investment activities would not be presented.

the reconciliation of cash flows under Canadian gAAp to conform to u.s. gAAp is as follows:

Years ended March 31 (amounts in millions) 

notes 

2008 

net cash provided by operating activities in accordance with Canadian gAAp   
deferred development costs 
deferred pre-operating costs 

net cash provided by operating activities in accordance with u.s. gAAp 

net cash used in investing activities in accordance with Canadian gAAp 
deferred development costs 
deferred pre-operating costs 

A 
B 

A 
B 

$ 260.9 
  (16.5)   
(3.9)   

2007 

$  239.3 

(3.0)   
(5.9)   

$  240.5 

$  230.4 

$ (257.2)   
  16.5 
  3.9 

$ (178.1)   
  3.0 
  5.9 

2006

$ 228.0
(1.8)
(0.7)

$ 225.5

$ (147.1)
  1.8
  0.7

net cash used in investing activities in accordance with u.s. gAAp   

$ (236.8)   

$ (169.2)   

$ (144.6)

net cash provided by (used in) financing activities in accordance with u.s. gAAp 

$  101.9 

$ 

3.5 

$  (53.2)

reconciliation items

a)  deferred development costs
under u.s. gAAp, development costs are expensed as incurred. under Canadian gAAp, certain development costs are capitalized 
and amortized over their estimated useful lives if they meet the criteria for deferral. 

B)  deferred pre-operating costs
under u.s. gAAp, pre-operating costs are expensed as incurred.  under Canadian gAAp, the amounts are deferred and amortized 
over five years based on the expected period and pattern of benefit of the deferred expenditures. 

C)  financial instruments 

Prior to April 1, 2007 
Foreign currency derivatives
 under  Canadian  gAAp,  the  Company’s  derivatives,  not  used  for  speculative  purposes  and  that  did  not  qualify  for  hedge 
accounting were carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet, with changes in fair value recognized into earnings. 
there was no difference in accounting between Canadian gAAp and u.s. gAAp in respect to these derivatives.

 the derivatives embedded within host contracts were not separately accounted for and the Company’s derivatives that qualified 
and had been designated as part of a hedging relationship were off-balance sheet items. the Company recognized the gains 
and losses on foreign currency derivatives entered into for hedging purposes in income concurrently with the recognition of the 
transactions being hedged.

 For  u.s.  gAAp,  the  Company  recognized  all  of  its  derivatives,  including  embedded  derivatives  in  host  contracts,  on  the 
consolidated balance sheet at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of 
derivatives recognized in earnings as the gains and losses arise and not concurrently with the recognition of the transactions 
being hedged.

Interest rate swap
 under  Canadian  gAAp,  the  interest  payments  relating  to  interest  rate  swaps  were  recorded  in  net  earnings  over  the  life  of  the 
underlying transaction on an accrual basis as an adjustment to interest income or interest expense. Also the deferred gain on interest 
rate swaps was amortized against the interest expense of the relevant long-term debt over the remaining terms of the swaps. 

 under u.s. gAAp, the interest rate swaps were recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value with changes in fair 
value recognized into earnings. the Company did not apply the optional hedge accounting provisions of sFAs 133, Accounting 
for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, sFAs 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities 
– an amendment of SFAS 133 and sFAs 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. 
As a result, the amortization of the deferred gain and the remaining unamortized amount on interest rate swaps under Canadian 
gAAp is reversed for the purposes of u.s. gAAp.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  123

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 26 –  differenCes Between Canadian and united states generallY  

aCCepted aCCounting prinCiples (continued)

Effective April 1, 2007
 the Company adopted CICA section 3855 – Financial Instruments Recognition and Measurement, which requires the Company 
to recognize all of its derivative instruments (whether designated in hedging relationships or not, or embedded within hybrid 
instruments) at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet.

 under  Canadian  gAAp,  the  accounting  for  changes  in  fair  value  (i.e.  gains  and  losses)  of  derivatives  instruments  depends  on 
whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship as per provision of CICA section 3865 – Hedges.

Cash Flow Hedges
 For strategies designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the changes in the fair value of the derivative is accumulated 
in oCI until the variability in the cash flow being hedged is recognized in earnings in future accounting periods. For cash flow 
hedges, if a derivative instrument is designated as a hedge and meets the criteria for hedge effectiveness, earnings offset is 
available, but only to the extent that the hedge in effective. the ineffective portion of cash flow is recorded in earnings in the 
current period.

 under u.s. gAAp, realized and unrealized gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of derivatives that qualifies and 
has  been  designated  as  part  of  a  hedging  relationship  are  recognized  in  earnings  as  the  gains  and  losses  arise  and  not 
concurrently with the recognition of the transactions being hedged, as the Company has not chosen to apply the optional hedge 
accounting  provisions  of  sFAs  133,  138  and  149  for  cash  flow  hedges.  As  such,  all  amounts  accumulated  in  oCI  under 
Canadian gAAp were reversed into earnings and retained earnings for us gAAp purposes. 

Fair Value Hedges
 the Company has an outstanding interest rate swap contract that replaced a swap contract that had previously been put in 
place  when  the  private  placement  was  raised.  the  existing  swap  contract  is  designated  as  a  fair  value  hedge  of  its  private 
placement resulting in changes in lIBoR interest rates. With regards to the outstanding fair value hedge, the gains or losses on 
the hedged items attributable to the hedged risk are accounted for as an adjustment to the carrying value of the hedged items. 
While for the fair value hedge that was discontinued prior to the transaction date, the carrying amount of the hedged item is 
adjusted by the remaining balance of any deferred gain or loss on the hedging item. As such, the debt basis adjustment has 
been recorded with the private placement as an increase to the gross long-term debt amount.

 under u.s. gAAp, the interest rate swaps are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value with changes in fair value 
recognized into earnings. the Company did not apply the optional hedge accounting provisions of sFAs 133, 138 and 149 for 
Fair value hedges. As a result, the debt basis adjustment has been recorded in earnings for u.s. gAAp purposes.

Embedded Foreign Currency Derivatives
 under Canadian gAAp, the Company elects to record, as a single contract, an embedded foreign currency derivative in a host 
contract that is not a financial instrument, provided: 

it is not leveraged;

(i) 
(ii)  it does not contain an option feature; and
(iii)   it requires payments denominated in a currency that is commonly used in contracts to purchase or sell non-financial 
items  in  the  economic  environment  in  which  the  transaction  takes  place  (for  example,  a  relatively  stable  and  liquid 
currency that is commonly used in local business transactions or external trade).

 this policy choice is not permitted under u.s. gAAp.  u.s. gAAp would require the embedded derivative to be bifurcated from 
the host contract (unless the currency happens to be the functional currency of one of the substantial parties to the contract  
or is the routinely denominated currency for that particular good or service).  

d)  reduction in stated capital

 on July 7, 1994, the Company applied a portion of its deficit as a reduction of its stated capital in the amount of $249.3 million. 
under u.s. gAAp, the reduction of stated capital would not be permitted.

e)  foreign currency translation adjustment

 In  fiscal  2006,  the  Company  transferred  to  consolidated  earnings  an  amount  of  $5.3  million  as  a  result  of  reductions  in  net 
investments in self-sustaining foreign operations. under u.s. gAAp, the reduction in currency translation adjustment account  
is not permitted.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  124

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
f)  Comprehensive income 

 sFAs 130 Reporting Comprehensive Income, requires the disclosure of comprehensive income which is defined as the changes 
in equity other than those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

 Comprehensive income is comprised of net earnings and oCI. oCI for u.s. gAAp purposes, includes defined benefit adjustment, 
and foreign currency translation. under Canadian gAAp, the Company adopted CICA section 1530 Comprehensive Income only 
as at April 1, 2007 (note 2). under Canadian gAAp, adjustments required for defined benefit and other post-retirement benefit 
(refer to g) does not currently exist.

g)  defined benefit and other post-retirement benefit

 until the application of FAs 158, Accounting for Defined Benefit Plans and Other Post-Retirement Benefits – an amendment of 
FAS Statements No. 87, 88 ,106 and 132(R), the provisions under u.s. gAAp of FAs 87, Employers’ Accounting for Pensions, 
require that if the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds the market value of plan assets, a minimum pension liability for the 
excess is recognized to the extent that the liability recorded in the consolidated balance sheet is less than the minimum liability. 
Any portion of the additional liability that relates to unrecognized past service costs is recognized as an intangible asset while the 
remainder  is  charged  to  comprehensive  income.  the  concept  of  additional  minimum  liability  does  not  currently  exist  under 
Canadian gAAp.  

 As at March 31, 2007, the Company prospectively adopted FAs 158. under this statement, the over-funded or under-funded 
status of a defined benefit pension and other post-retirement benefit plans must be recognized as an asset or liability on the 
consolidated  balance  sheet.  Any  unrecognized  actuarial  gains  or  losses,  prior  service  cost  or  credits  and  unrecognized  net 
transitional assets or obligations must be recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. 

this concept does not currently exist under Canadian gAAp.

H)  share issue costs

 under Canadian gAAp, costs related to share issuance can be presented in retained earnings, net of taxes. In fiscal 2004, the 
Company included share issued costs of $5.1 million into its retained earnings. under u.s. gAAp, these costs were recorded as 
a reduction of capital stock.

i) 

stock-based compensation
 under Canadian gAAp, the Company has adopted EIC-162 in the third quarter of fiscal 2007, with restatement of prior periods. 
under u.s. gAAp, the Company adopted sFAs no. 123R (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, on April 1, 2006, which has 
the same requirements as EIC-162 under Canadian gAAp except that FAs 123R is to be applied prospectively from April 1, 
2006 to new option awards that have retirement eligibility provisions. Consequently, this creates a discrepancy in the compensation 
expense reported in each year.

J) 

interest on receivables and payables
 prior to April 1 2007, under u.s. gAAp, when evaluating the fair value of a non-interest bearing note receivable or payable, the current 
market interest rate for transactions with similar terms should have been used for the discounting of that financial instrument.

 As described in note 2, Canadian gAAp related to this matter was amended to be consistent with u.s. gAAp on a prospective 
basis effective April 1, 2007.

K)  accounting for joint ventures

 u.s. gAAp requires the Company’s investments in joint ventures to be accounted for using the equity method. however, under 
an  accommodation  of  the  sEC,  accounting  for  joint  ventures  need  not  to  be  reconciled  from  Canadian  to  u.s.  gAAp.  the 
different accounting treatment affects only display and classification and not earnings or shareholders’ equity.

l)  transaction costs

 prior to April 1 2007, under Canadian gAAp, transaction costs on long-term debt were presented in other assets as a deferred 
charge. u.s. gAAp requires that transactions costs be reported as a direct reduction of the long-term debt. As described in  
note 2, Canadian gAAp related to this matter was amended to be consistent with u.s. gAAp on a prospective basis effective 
April 1, 2007.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  125

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
note 26 –  differenCes Between Canadian and united states generallY  

aCCepted aCCounting prinCiples (continued)

Change in accounting policy
accounting for stock-based compensation 
prior to April 1, 2003, CAE had elected to measure stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value base method of accounting. 
In that instance, however, under sFAs 123, the Company is required to make pro forma disclosures of net earnings, basic earnings 
per share and diluted earnings per share using the fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation granted prior to 
April 1, 2003. since all stock-based compensation granted prior to April 1, 2003 have ended, for fiscal year 2008 and for subsequent 
years, the accounting differences have been eliminated.

pro forma net earnings and pro forma basic and diluted net earnings per share are presented as follows:

(amounts in millions, except per share amounts) 

net earnings, as reported per u.s. gAAp 
Additional compensation expense recorded  

net  earnings before the effect of stock-based compensation 
pro forma impact 

pro forma net earnings 

pro forma basic and diluted net earnings per share 

2008 

$ 150.9 

 –

$ 150.9 
– 

$ 150.9 

$  0.59 

2007 

$ 134.2 
  3.0 

$ 137.2 

(3.0)   

$ 134.2 

$  0.53 

2006

$  74.5
  2.5

$  77.0
(4.2)

$  72.8

$  0.29

under Canadian gAAp, since the adoption of Emerging Issues Committee (EIC)-162, Stock-Based Compensation for Employees 
Eligible to Retire Before the Vesting Date, during fiscal 2007, the Company recognizes the stock-based compensation expense for 
employees who will become eligible for retirement during the vesting period over the period from grant date to the date the employee 
becomes  eligible  to  retire.  In  addition,  if  an  employee  is  eligible  to  retire  on  the  grant  date,  the  compensation  expense  must  be 
recognized at that date unless the employee is under contract which, in that case, the compensation expense must be recognized 
over the term of the contract. 

under u.s. gAAp, the Company adopted sFAs no. 123R (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, on April 1, 2006, which has the 
same requirements as EIC-162 under Canadian gAAp except FAs 123R is to be applied prospectively from April 1, 2006 to new 
option awards that have retirement eligibility provisions. the nominal vesting period approach is continued for any option awards 
granted prior to adopting FAs 123R and for the remaining portion of unvested outstanding options. 

defined benefit pension and other post-retirement plans
In september 2006, the FAsB issued FAs 158. FAs 158 requires an entity to: (i) recognize the over-funded or under-funded status of 
a benefit plan as an asset or liability in the balance sheet; (ii) recognize the existing unrecognized net gains and losses, unrecognized 
prior-service costs and credits, and unrecognized net transition assets or obligations in other comprehensive income; and (iii) measure 
defined benefit plan assets and obligations as of the year-end balance sheet date. this statement is effective prospectively at the end 
of fiscal year 2007 in respect to the recognition requirements described in (i) and (ii) above and have been adopted. In regards to the 
measurement date changes mentioned in (iii) above, the effective date is the end of fiscal year 2009.  

accounting for uncertainty in income taxes
on April 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of the FAsB Interpretation no. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes 
– an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48). FIn 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in 
an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FAsB no. 109 and prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement 
attribute for the consolidated financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a 
tax return. this interpretation also provides guidance as to derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim 
periods, disclosure and transition. FIn 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after december 15, 2006. there was no change in the 
income tax reserves of the Company at April 1, 2007, upon the adoption of FIn 48.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  126

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
future changes to accounting standards
fair value measurements
In september 2006, the FAsB issued sFAs no. 157, Fair Value Measurements, to increase consistency and comparability in fair value 
measurements and to expand their disclosures. this statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in 
generally  accepted  accounting  principles  and  expands  disclosures  about  fair  value  measurements.  this  statement  applies  under 
other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. the new standard includes a definition of fair value 
as well as a framework for measuring fair value. the standard is effective for fiscal periods beginning after november 15, 2007 and 
should be applied prospectively, except for certain financial instruments where it must be applied retrospectively as a cumulative-
effect adjustment to the balance of opening retained earnings in the year of adoption. the Company is currently evaluating the impact 
of this standard on its consolidated financial statements. 

In February 2008, FAsB issued a staff position (Fsp) FAs 157-1: Application of FASB Statement No. 157  to FASB Statement No. 13 
and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement 
under Statement 13. this Fsp amends FAsB statement no. 157, Fair Value Measurements, to exclude FAsB statement no. 13, 
Accounting for Leases, and other accounting pronouncements that address fair value measurements for purposes of lease classification 
or measurement under statement 13. however, this scope exception does not apply to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in  
a  business  combination  that  are  required  to  be  measured  at  fair  value  under  FAsB  statement  no.  141,  Business  Combinations,  
or no. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations, regardless of whether those assets and liabilities are related to leases.

In February 2008, FAsB issued Fsp FAs 157-2: Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157. this Fsp delays the effective date of 
FAsB statement no. 157, Fair Value Measurements, for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are 
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually) to fiscal years beginning after 
november 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years for items within the scope of this Fsp.

the fair value option for financial assets and financial liabilities
In February 2007, the FAsB issued sFAs no. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, including an 
amendment of FAsB statement no. 115 Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. this statement permits 
entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. the objective is to improve financial 
reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and 
liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. this statement is expected to expand the use of 
fair value measurement. this statement is effective as of the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after november 15, 2007. 
this statement should not be applied retrospectively to fiscal years beginning prior to the effective date, except as permitted under 
certain circumstances if adopted early.the Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial 
statements.

Business combination and non-controlling interests in consolidated financial statements
In december 2007, FAsB issued sFAs no. 141(R), Business Combinations, and no. 160, Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated 
Financial Statements. these statements require a greater number of acquired assets and assumed liabilities to be measured at fair 
value as at the acquisition date. As well, liabilities related to contingent consideration should be remeasured to fair value at each 
subsequent reporting period. In addition, an acquirer should expense all acquisition-related costs in the pre-acquisition period. Finally; 
non-controlling interests in subsidiaries should initially to be measured at fair value and classified as a separate component of equity. 
these statements are effective for fiscal years beginning after december 15, 2008. the Company is currently evaluation the impact 
of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

offsetting of amounts related to certain contracts
In  April  2007,  FAsB  issued  Fsp  FIn  39-1  Amendment  of  FASB  Interpretation  No.39,  Offsetting  of  Amounts  Related  to  Certain 
Contracts. this Fsp replaces the terms conditional contracts and exchange contracts with the term derivative instruments as defined 
in FAsB statement no. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. It also permits a reporting entity to offset 
fair  value  amounts  recognized  for  the  right  to  reclaim  cash  collateral  or  the  obligation  to  return  cash  collateral  against  fair  value 
amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under the same master netting arrangement that 
have been offset in accordance with the related accounting literature. this staff position is effective for fiscal years beginning after 
november  15,  2007  although  early  application  is  permitted.  this  staff  position  should  be  applied  retrospectively  as  a  change  in 
accounting principle for all financial statements presented. the Company is currently evaluation the impact of this standard on its 
consolidated financial statements.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  127

note 26 –  differenCes Between Canadian and united states generallY aCCepted 

aCCounting prinCiples (continued)

additional u.s. gaap disclosures
i)   statements of earnings

Years ended March 31 
(amounts in millions) 

Canadian 
gaap 

2008 

u.s. 
gaap 

Canadian  
gAAp 

2007 

u.s. 
gAAp 

Canadian  
gAAp 

2006

u.s. 
gAAp

Revenues from sales of simulators (1)  
Revenues from sales of training  
  and services (1) 
Cost of sales from simulators 
Cost of sales from training and services 
Research and development expenses (2) 
Rental expenses 
selling, general  
  and administrative expenses 
Foreign exchange gain 
Interest expense, net 

$ 819.0 

$ 813.7 

$ 705.6 

$ 699.0 

$ 584.4 

$ 584.4

$ 604.6 
$ 500.3 
$ 353.7 
$  78.1 
$  66.1 

$ 186.5 
$ (12.6) 
$  17.5 

$ 604.6 
$ 501.5 
$ 353.7 
$  72.9 
$  66.1 

$ 192.4 
$ (26.1) 
$  19.6 

$ 545.1 
$ 427.5 
$ 308.8 
$  80.3 
$  72.6 

$ 166.9 
(2.9) 
$ 
$  10.6 

$ 545.4 
$ 427.5 
$ 312.7 
$  78.9 
$  72.6 

$ 161.7 
$  (15.4) 
$  9.8 

$ 522.8 
$ 386.8 
$ 314.2 
$  62.6 
$  80.5 

$ 133.5 
(8.4) 
$ 
$  16.2 

$ 522.8
$ 386.8
$ 308.2
$  54.9
$  80.5

$ 131.3
$  (10.7)
$  15.9

(1)  taxes  assessed  by  government  authorities  that  are  directly  imposed  on  revenue-producing  transactions  between  the  Company  and  customers  

are excluded from revenues.

(2) Research and development expense is before governments’ contribution.

ii)  Balance sheet
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities on a u.s. gAAp basis are presented as follows:

As at March 31 (amounts in millions) 

Accounts payable trade 
Contract liabilities 
Income tax payable 
other accrued liabilities 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

2008 

$ 180.4 
    77.9 
    8.0 
  193.5 

$ 459.8 

2007

$ 166.8
  71.1
  8.6
 157.9

$ 404.4

Accounts receivable from governments amounted to $77.2 million as of March 31, 2008 (2007 – $62.7 million).

income taxes

iii)  
the components of earnings (loss) before income taxes and income taxes on a Canadian gAAp basis are as follows:

Years ended March 31 (amounts in millions) 

earnings (loss) before income taxes
Canada 
other countries 

Current income taxes
Canada 
other countries 

future income taxes
Canada 
other countries 

total income tax expense  

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  128

2008 

2007 

2006

$ 147.2 
  86.8 

$ 234.0 

$  30.8 
  12.0 

$  42.8 

$  19.9 
  6.5 

$  26.4 

$  69.2 

$  38.8 
 140.0 

$ 178.8 

$  53.8 
  10.1 

$  63.9 

$  (41.2) 
  27.0 

$  (14.2) 

$  49.7 

$ (19.0)
 106.8

$  87.8

$  4.2
  8.9

$  13.1

$ 

(7.0)
  12.1

$  5.1

$  18.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
iv)   product warranty costs
the Company has warranty obligations in connection to the sale of its civil and military simulators. the original warranty period is 
usually for a two-year period. the cost incurred to provide for these warranty obligations are estimated and recorded as an accrued 
liability at the time revenue is recognized. the Company estimates its warranty cost for a given product based on past experience. the 
change in the Company’s accrued warranty liability on a Canadian and u.s. gAAp basis, is as follows:

As at March 31 (amounts in millions) 

Accrued warranty liability at beginning of year 
Warranty settlements during the year  
Warranty provisions 
Adjustments for changes in estimates   

Accrued warranty liability at the end of year 

2008 

$  10.7 
(5.9) 
  7.5 
  0.3 

$  12.6 

2007

$  8.7
 (5.2)
  6.8
  0.4

$ 10.7

note 27 – Comparative finanCial statements 
the comparative Consolidated Financial statements have been reclassified from statements previously presented to conform to the 
presentation adopted in the current year.

note 28 – suBsequent event 
the Company has been in arbitration with the buyer of the Company’s assets of the sawmill division of its Forestry systems, which 
was sold to the buyer in fiscal 2003, because of a dispute over a further payment owed to the Company by the buyer (note 5). the 
arbitration  ceased  mid-way  in  April  2008  when  the  buyer  was  the  subject  of  a  petition  for  receivership  and  is  understood  to  be 
insolvent. A write off, in the amount of $8.5 million (net of a tax recovery of $1.5 million), has been accounted for in the fiscal 2008 
because, in accordance with the relevant accounting pronouncements, the Company deems that the impairment conditions existed 
at the date of the consolidated financial statements.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  129

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of Directors and Officers

Board of direCtors

lynton r. wilson, o.C. 1, 2, 4
Chairman of the Board 
CAE Inc. 
oakville, ontario

James f. Hankinson 3, 4
president and Chief Executive officer 
ontario power generation Inc. 
toronto, ontario

robert e. Brown 1
president and Chief Executive officer 
CAE Inc. 
Westmount, Quebec

e. randolph (randy) Jayne ii 2
Managing partner 
heidrick & struggles International, Inc. 
Mclean, virginia

robert lacroix, o.C., ph.d 4
Corporate director  
Montreal, Quebec

Katharine B. stevenson 3
director 
osI pharmaceuticals Inc. 
toronto, ontario

lawrence n. stevenson 2
Managing director  
Callisto Capital 
toronto, ontario

Brian e. Barents 2
Corporate director 
Andover, Kansas

John a. (ian) Craig 3
president 
lanzsmirn Investments  
ottawa, ontario

H. garfield emerson, Q.C. 4
principal, Emerson Advisory, 
and Corporate director 
toronto, ontario

anthony s. fell, o.C. 1, 4
Corporate director 
toronto, ontario

paul gagné 3
Chairman 
Wajax Income Fund 
Montreal, Quebec

offiCers

lynton r. wilson
Chairman of the Board

robert e. Brown
president and Chief Executive officer

marc parent
group president 
simulation products and  
Military training & services

Jeff roberts
group president 
Innovation and  
Civil training & services

antoine auclair
vice president and  
Corporate Controller

Hartland J. a. paterson
vice president, legal 
general Counsel and  
Corporate secretary

alain raquepas
vice president, Finance and 
Chief Financial officer

Jacques ferraro
treasurer

1 Member of the Executive Committee 
2 Member of the human Resources Committee 
3 Member of the Audit Committee 
4 Member of the Corporate governance Committee

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  130

 
Corporate governanCe
the following documents pertaining to 
CAE’s corporate governance practices 
may be accessed either from CAE’s 
website (www.cae.com) or by request 
from the Corporate secretary:
–  Board and Board Committee 

mandates 

–  position descriptions for the Board 
Chair, the Committee Chairs and  
the Chief Executive officer

–  CAE’s Code of Business Conduct, 
and the Board Member’s Code  
of Conduct 

–  Corporate governance guideline.

Most of the new York Exchange’s 
(nYsE) corporate governance listing 
standards are not mandatory for CAE. 
significant differences between CAE’s 
practices and the requirements 
applicable to u.s. companies listed  
on the nYsE are summarized on  
CAE’s website. CAE is otherwise  
in compliance with the nYsE 
requirements in all significant respects.

Shareholder and Investor Information

Cae sHares
CAE’s shares are traded on the  
toronto stock Exchange (tsX) under  
the symbol “CAE” and on the new York 
stock Exchange (nYsE) under the 
symbol “Cgt”.

transfer agent and 
registrar
Computershare trust Company  
of Canada
100 university Avenue, 9th Floor 
toronto, ontario M5J 2Y1 
tel.: (514) 982-7555 or 1 800 564-6253 
(toll free in Canada and the u.s.)
www.computershare.com

dividend reinvestment 
plan
Canadian resident registered 
shareholders of CAE Inc. who wish  
to receive dividends in the form of  
CAE Inc. common shares rather than a 
cash payment may participate in CAE’s 
dividend reinvestment plan. In order to 
obtain the dividend reinvestment plan 
form, please contact Computershare 
trust Company of Canada.

direCt deposit dividend
Canadian resident registered 
shareholders of CAE Inc. who receive 
cash dividends may elect to have the 
dividend payment deposited directly to 
their bank accounts instead of receiving 
a cheque. In order to obtain the direct 
deposit dividend form, please contact 
Computershare trust Company  
of Canada.

dupliCate mailings
to eliminate duplicate mailings by  
consolidating accounts, registered  
shareholders must contact  
Computershare trust Company of 
Canada; non-registered shareholders 
must contact their investment brokers.

investor relations
Quarterly and annual reports as  
well as other corporate documents  
are available on our website at  
www.cae.com. these documents  
can also be obtained from our  
Investor Relations department:

investor relations
CAE Inc.
8585 Côte-de-liesse 
saint-laurent, Quebec h4t 1g6 
tel.: 1 866 999-6223
investor.relations@cae.com

version française
pour obtenir la version française  
du rapport annuel, s’adresser  
à investisseurs@cae.com.

2008 annual meeting
the Annual and special Meeting of 
shareholders will be held at 10:30 a.m. 
(Eastern time), Wednesday, August 13, 
2008 at the hilton Montreal Bonaventure, 
900, rue de la gauchetière ouest, 
Montreal, Quebec. the meeting will 
also be webcast live on CAE’s website, 
www.cae.com.

auditors
pricewaterhouseCoopers llp 
Chartered Accountants 
Montreal, Quebec

trademarKs
trademarks and/or registered trademarks 
of CAE Inc. and/or its affiliates include 
but are not limited to CAE, CAE & design, 
CAE true Airport and CAE true 
Environment. All other brands and 
product names are trademarks or 
registered trademarks of their respective 
owners. All logos, tradenames and 
trademarks referred to and used herein 
remain the property of their respective 
owners and may not be used, changed, 
copied, altered, or quoted without  
the written consent of the respective 
owner. All rights reserved.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  131

FoRWARd-looKIng stAtEMEnts

Certain statements made in this annual report are forward-looking statements under the Private Securities  
Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Canadian securities regulations. these include, for example, statements  
about our business outlook, assessment of market conditions, strategies, future plans, future sales, prices for  
our major products, inventory levels, capital spending and tax rates. such statements are not guarantees of future 
performance. they are based on management’s expectations that involve a number of business risks and  
uncertainties, any of which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by  
the forward-looking statements. the results or events predicted in these forward-looking statements may differ 
materially from actual results or events. For a description of risks that could cause actual results or events to differ 
materially from current expectations, please refer to the risk factors section of CAE’s Annual Information Form  
for the year ended March 31, 2008, filed with the Canadian securities commissions and the u.s. securities and 
Exchange Commission. Any forward-looking statements made in this annual report represent our expectations  
as of May 14, 2008, and accordingly, are subject to change after such date. We disclaim any intention or obligation 
to update any forward-looking statements unless legislation requires us to do so.

CAE Annual Report 2008  |  132

  1  Corporate Profile
  2  Chairman’s Message
  4  Message to Shareholders
  7  Financial Overview
  8  Group Presidents
  9  Four Balanced Reporting Segments
  10  CAE Global Reach
  12  Training and Services/Civil
  14  Simulation Products/Civil
  16  Simulation Products/Military
  18  Training and Services/Military
  20  CAE Professional Services & Presagis
  21  Pilot Provisioning 
  22  Emerging Markets
  23  Bandwidth
  24  Community
  25  Financial Review
  27  Management’s Discussion and Analysis
  73   Management’s Report on Internal  

Control over Financial Reporting

  73  Independent Auditors’ Report
  75  Consolidated Financial Statements
  79  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 130  Board of Directors and Officers
 131  Shareholder and Investor Information
 132  Forward-Looking Statements

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Annual Report
for the year ended March 31,
2008

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