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Castellum, Inc.

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FY2016 Annual Report · Castellum, Inc.
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ACN 009 468 099 

Annual Report 
31 December 2016 

Centaurus Metals Limited ABN 40 009 468 099 
And its controlled entities 

Contents 

Page 

3 

4 

5 

6 

13 

22 

23 

24 

25 

27 

28 

56 

57 

61 

64 

Corporate Directory 

Director’s Report 

Corporate Governance Statement 

Remuneration Report 

Operating and Financial Review 

Auditors Independence Declaration 

Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Directors’ Declaration 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Shareholder Information 

Tenement Information 

65  Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves Information 

Page 2 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Corporate Directory 

Directors 
Mr D M Murcia AM, B.Juris, LL.B 
Non-Executive Chairman 

Mr D P Gordon B.Bus, FCA, AGIA 
Managing Director 

Mr M D Hancock B.Bus, CA, FFin 
Non-Executive Director 

Mr B R Scarpelli M.Sc, PMP 
Executive Director 

Company Secretary 
Mr P A Bridson B.Com, CA, AGIA 

Share Registry 
Advanced Share Registry Limited 
150 Stirling Highway 
Nedlands  WA  6009 
Telephone:  (08) 9389 8033 

Auditors 
KPMG 
Chartered Accountants 
235 St Georges Terrace 
Perth  WA  6000 

Bankers 
Australia 
National Australia Bank 
1232 Hay Street 
West Perth  WA  6005 

Brazil  
Intermedium 
ag: 2946. c/c:74404-2 
Endereço: Rua da Bahia, 951 – 5º andar 
Belo Horizonte – MG - CEP: 30.130.008 
BRAZIL 

Stock Exchange Listing  
Centaurus Metals Limited shares are  
listed on the Australian Securities Exchange 
Ordinary fully paid shares (ASX code: CTM) 
Listed options (ASX code: CTMO & CTMOA) 

Principal & Registered Office in Australia 
Level 3, 10 Outram Street 
West Perth WA 6005 

PO Box 975 
West Perth WA 6872 

Telephone:  (08) 9420 4000 
Facsimile:    (08) 9420 4040 
Email:  info@centaurus.com.au 
Website:  www.centaurus.com.au 

Brazil Office 
Avenida Barao Homem de Melo, 4391 
Salas 606 and 607 – Estoril 
Belo Horizonte - MG - CEP: 30.494.275 
BRAZIL 

Telephone:  +55 31 3194 7750 

Page 3 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Directors’ Report 

Your  directors  present  their  report  on  the  Consolidated  Entity  (“Group”)  consisting  of  Centaurus  Metals 
Limited (“Centaurus” or “the Company”) and the entities it controlled at the end of, or during, the year ended 
31 December 2016 together with the consolidated financial report and review report thereon. 

1  Directors 

The directors of the Company at any time during or since the end of the year are: 

  D M Murcia 
  D P Gordon 
  M D Hancock 
  B R Scarpelli 

Independent Non-Executive Chairman 
Managing Director 
Non-Executive Director 
Executive Director 

Unless otherwise disclosed, all directors held their office from 1 January 2016 until the date of this report. 

2  Directors and Officers 

Mr Didier M Murcia, AM, B.Juris, LL.B 
Non-Executive Chairman, Age 54 

Experience and Expertise 
Independent  non-executive  director  appointed  16  April  2009  and  appointed  Chairman  28  January  2010. 
Lawyer  with  over  25  years  legal  and  corporate  experience  in  the  mining  industry.    Mr  Murcia  is  currently 
Honorary  Australian  Consul  for  the  United  Republic  of  Tanzania.    He  is  Chairman  and  founding  director  of 
Perth-based legal group MPH Lawyers. He is Chairman of Strandline Resources Limited and Alicanto Minerals 
Ltd.  

Other Directorships 
During the last three years Mr Murcia has held directorships in the following ASX listed companies: 

  Alicanto Minerals Limited (appointed 30 May 2012) - Non Executive Chairman  
  Strandline Resources Limited (appointed 23 October 2014) - Non Executive Chairman 
  Gryphon Minerals Limited (appointed 28 July 2006, resigned 13 October 2016) 
  Cradle Resources Limited (appointed 13 August 2013, resigned 8 May 2016) 

Special Responsibilities 

  Chairman of the Board 

Mr Darren P Gordon, B.Bus, FCA, AGIA 
Managing Director, Age 45 

Experience and Expertise 
Managing  Director  appointed  4  May  2009.    Chartered  Accountant  with  over  20  years  resource  sector 
experience as a  senior  finance and resources executive.   Mr Gordon was  formerly Chief Financial Officer for 
Gindalbie Metals Limited. 

Special Responsibilities 

  Managing Director 

Other Directorships 
During the last three years Mr Gordon has held directorships in the following ASX listed companies: 

  Genesis Minerals Limited (appointed 23 March 2016) 

Mr Mark D Hancock, B.Bus, CA, FFin  
Non-Executive Director, Age 48 

Experience and Expertise 
Non-executive director appointed 23 September 2011.  Mr Hancock is currently Chief Financial Officer at Atlas 
Iron Limited. He has over 20 years’ experience in senior financial roles across a number of leading companies 
in Australia and South East Asia, including Lend Lease Corporation Ltd, Woodside Petroleum Ltd and Premier 
Oil Plc. 

Page 4 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Other Directorships 
During the last three years Mr Hancock held directorships in the following ASX listed companies: 

  Atlas Iron Limited (appointed 25 May 2012, resigned 2 December 2014)  

Mr Bruno R Scarpelli, M.Sc., PMP 
Executive Director, Age 39  

Experience and Expertise 
Executive Director appointed 3 September 2015. Mr Scarpelli is an engineer with over 15 years’ experience in 
the mining sector, specifically in the environmental approvals, health and safety and human resources fields. 
He was formerly environmental manager for Vale’s S11D Project. 

Special Responsibilities 

  Administrator of Brazilian subsidiaries 
  Country Manager - Brazil 

Mr Paul A Bridson, B.Com, CA, AGIA   
Company Secretary, Age 49 

Experience and Expertise 
Mr Bridson was appointed as Company Secretary on 3 May 2016. Mr Bridson is a Chartered Accountant and a 
member of Governance Institute. He has over 20 years’ experience in the resources sector.   

Special Responsibilities 

  Company Secretary 

3  Directors Meetings 

The number of meetings of the Company’s Board of Directors and of each Board Committee held during the 
year ended 31 December 2016 and the number of meetings attended by each director were: 

Mr D M Murcia 

Mr D P Gordon 

Mr M D Hancock 

Mr B R Scarpelli 

         Meetings of Directors 

Held* 

Attended 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

*Denotes the number of meetings held during the time the director held office. 

The  Company  does  not  have  a  formal  Nomination  Committee,  Audit  &  Risk  Committee  or  Remuneration 
Committee. The functions of the Audit & Risk Committee and the Remuneration Committee are performed by 
the full Board. 

4  Corporate Governance Statement 

A  copy  of  Centaurus’  2016  Corporate  Governance  Statement,  which  provides  detailed  information  about 
governance,  and  a  copy  of  Centaurus’  Appendix  4G  which  sets  out  the  Company’s  compliance  with  the 
in  the  third  edition  of  the  ASX  Corporate  Governance  Council’s  Principles  and 
recommendations 
Recommendations 
is  available  on  the  corporate  governance  section  of  the  Company’s  website  at 
www.centaurus.com.au/corporate-governance. 

Page 5 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

5  Remuneration Report – Audited 

5.1 

Principles of Remuneration  

The  primary  objective  of  the  Group’s  executive  reward  framework  is  to  ensure  reward  for  performance  is 
competitive  and  appropriate  for  the  results  delivered.    The  framework  aligns  executive  reward  with 
achievement  of  strategic  objectives  and  the  creation  of  value  for  shareholders.    The  Board  ensures  that 
executive reward satisfies the following key criteria for good reward and governance practices: 

  competitiveness and reasonableness; 
  acceptability to shareholders; 
  performance linked executive compensation; 
  transparency; and 
  capital management. 

The  Group  has  structured  an  executive  remuneration  framework  that 
complimentary to the reward strategy of the organisation to ensure: 

is  market  competitive  and 

(i) 

Alignment to shareholders’ interests: 

focuses on the creation of shareholder value and returns; and 

 
  attracts and retains high calibre executives with an inherent knowledge of the Company’s ongoing 

business and activities. 

(ii) 

Alignment to program participants’ interests: 

  rewards capability and experience; 
  reflects competitive reward for contribution to growth in shareholder wealth; 
  provides a clear structure for earning rewards;  
  provides recognition for contribution; and 
  seeks to retain experienced and competent individuals in key executives roles. 

The remuneration framework currently consists of base pay and long-term incentives through participation in 
the Employee Share Option Plan. 

The overall level of executive reward takes into account the performance of the Group over a number of years, 
with greater emphasis given to the current and prior year.  Over the past 5 years, the Group was involved in 
mineral  exploration  and  pre-development  activities  and  therefore  growth  in  earnings  is  not  considered 
particularly  relevant.  Shareholder  wealth  is  dependent  upon  exploration  success  and  has  fluctuated 
accordingly in addition to being influenced by broader market factors. 

The performance of the Group in respect of the current period and the previous four financial years is set out 
below: 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

2014 
$ 

2013 
$ 

2012 
$ 

Net Loss 

(2,560,899) 

(3,700,866) 

(10,460,299) 

(32,714,987) 

(9,125,800) 

Change in share price 

$0.002 

($0.046) 

($0.15) 

($0.13) 

($0.11) 

During the financial year ended 31 December 2016, no salary or fee increases were awarded to non-executive 
directors, executive directors or executives of the Company. 

The executive pay and reward framework currently has three components: 

  base pay and benefits; 
  long term incentives through participation in the Employee Share Option Plan; and 
  other remuneration such as superannuation and insurances. 

The combination of these components comprises the executive’s total remuneration. 

Base Pay 

Base pay is structured as a total employment cost package which may be delivered as a combination of cash 
and prescribed non-financial benefits at the executive’s discretion.  Executives are offered a competitive base 
pay that is reflective of current market conditions, comprising a fixed component  of pay and rewards.  Base 
pay for senior executives is reviewed annually to ensure the executive’s remuneration is competitive with the 
market.  An executive’s base pay is also reviewed on promotion.  There are no guaranteed base pay increases 
included in any senior executive contracts. 

Page 6 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Retirement Benefits 

In  accordance  with  regulatory  requirements,  Directors  and  employees  are  permitted  to  nominate  a 
superannuation fund of their choice to receive superannuation contributions. 

Long Term Incentives – Options  

Long term incentive share options are granted from time to time to encourage exceptional performance in the 
realisation of strategic outcomes and growth in shareholder wealth.  Options are granted for no consideration 
and do not carry voting or dividend entitlements.  Information on share options granted during the year is set 
out in section 5.3.   

Short Term Incentive Plan 

No  short  term  incentives  were  offered  in  the  year  ended  31  December  2016  and  there  are  no  short  term 
incentives in place as at the date of this report.  

Employment Agreements 

Remuneration and other terms of employment for executives are formalised in employment agreements.  The 
agreements provide for the provision of other benefits and participation, when eligible, in the Employee Share 
Option Plan. 

Other major provisions of the agreements relating to remuneration are set out below: 

D P Gordon – Managing Director 

  Term  of  agreement  –  commenced  on  4  May  2009.    Mr  Gordon  may  terminate  the  agreement  by 
giving 6 months’ notice.  The Company may terminate the agreement by giving 12 months’ notice. 
  Base  cash  salary,  exclusive  of  superannuation  at  31  December  2016  was  $300,000.  During  the  year 
$28,000 was paid via the issue of shares in lieu of salary as approved by shareholders on 8 October 
2015. Provision of four weeks annual leave. 

  Long  Term  Incentive  Options  –  subject  to  shareholder  approval,  options  may  be  issued  under  the 
Company’s  Employee  Share  Option  Plan  with  vesting  conditions.  Refer  to  section  5.3  for  options 
issued during 2016.  

B R Scarpelli – Country Manager - Brazil  

  Term  of  agreement  –  commenced  on  6  December  2010  with  no  set  term.    Mr  Scarpelli  or  the 
Company  may  terminate  the  agreement  by  giving  2  months’  notice.    Entitled  to  6  months  salary  if 
position is made redundant. 

  Base cash salary exclusive of superannuation at 31 December 2016 was $165,000 reviewed annually. 

Provision of four weeks annual leave. 

  Long  Term  Incentive  Options  –  subject  to  shareholder  approval,  options  may  be  issued  under  the 
Company’s  Employee  Share  Option  Plan  with  vesting  conditions.  Refer  to  section  5.3  for  options 
issued during 2016. 

Non- Executive Directors  

Fees and payments to non-executives reflect the demands which are made on, and the responsibilities of, the 
directors.    Non-Executive  directors’  fees  and  payments  are  reviewed  at  least  annually  by  the  Board.    The 
Chairman’s  fees  are  determined  independently  to  the  fees  of  non-executives  based  on  comparative  roles  in 
the external market and prevailing market conditions. 

Non-Executive directors’ remuneration consists of set fee amounts and statutory superannuation.  The level of 
fees  for  Non-Executive  directors  remained  unchanged  during  the  year  at  $30,000  per  annum.  The  Non-
Executive  Chairman’s  fees  remained  unchanged  during  the  year  at  $45,000  per  annum.  Directors  do  not 
receive  additional  committee  fees.    Non-Executive  directors’  fees  are  determined  within  an  aggregate 
directors’ fee pool limit, which is periodically recommended for approval by shareholders.  The total maximum 
currently stands at $400,000.  There is no provision for retirement allowances for Non-Executive directors. 

Non-Executives are eligible to be granted options to provide a material additional incentive for their ongoing 
commitment  and  dedication  to  the  continued  growth  of  the  Group.  Refer  to  section  5.3  for  options  issued 
during  the  period.  Prior  to  issuing  incentives  the  Board  considers  whether  the  issue  is  reasonable  in  the 
circumstances. The incentives have been offered to assist the Company in attracting and retaining the highest 
calibre of Non-Executive, whilst maintaining the Group’s cash reserves. 

Page 7 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

5.2 

Directors’ and Executive Officers’ Remuneration  

Details  of  the  nature  and  amount  of  each  major  element  of  remuneration  of  each  director  of  the  Company,  each  of  the  named  Company  executives  and  other  key 
management personnel of the Group are: 

Short Term Benefits 

Post- 
employment 
Benefits 

Long Term 
Benefits 

Share- based 
Payments 

Salary & Fees 
$ 

Other 
Benefits(1) 
$ 

Shares issued 
in lieu of 
remuneration 
$ 

Super-
annuation 
$ 

Long Service 
Leave(2) 
$ 

Options(3)  
$ 

Total 
$ 

S300A(1)(e)(i) 
Proportion of 
Remuneration 
Performance 
Related(4) 
% 

S300A(1)(e)(vi) 
Value of 
Options as 
Proportion of 
Remuneration 
% 

45,000 

30,000 

272,692 

163,357 

511,049 

- 

- 

16,188 

(3,234) 

12,954 

- 

- 

- 

- 

28,000 

19,308 

- 

- 

28,000 

19,308 

- 

- 

7,326 

- 

7,326 

3,347 

2,766 

11,065 

14,115 

31,293 

48,347 

32,766 

354,579 

174,238 

609,930 

6.9% 

8.4% 

3.1% 

8.1% 

6.9% 

8.4% 

3.1% 

8.1% 

Year Ended 31 December 2016 

Non- Executive Directors 

Mr D M Murcia 

Mr M D Hancock 

Executive Directors 

Mr D P Gordon 

Mr B R Scarpelli 

Total 

(1)  Other benefits includes the movement in annual leave entitlements over the 12 month period, measured on an accruals basis, and other minor benefits for executives located in Brazil. 

(2)  Relates to pro rata long service leave measured on an accruals basis. 

(3)  The fair value of the options is calculated at the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model and allocated to each reporting period evenly over the period from grant date to vesting date. The 

value disclosed is the portion of the fair value of the options recognised in this reporting period. 

(4)  The vesting of options is conditional on the achievement of future targets which if not achieved will result in the forfeiture of the options. The proportion of performance related remuneration consists of 
long term incentives. The percentages disclosed include the value of options expensed during the year in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards. Details of the vesting conditions related to the 
options have been disclosed in section 5.3. 

Page 8 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Short Term Benefits 

Post- 
employment 
Benefits 

Long Term 
Benefits 

Share- based 
Payments 

Salary & Fees 
$ 

Other 
Benefits(2) 
$ 

Shares issued 
in lieu of 
remuneration 
$ 

Super-
annuation 
$ 

Long Service 
Leave(3) 
$ 

Options and 
Rights(4) 
$ 

Total 
$ 

S300A(1)(e)(i) 
Proportion of 
Remuneration 
Performance 
Related(5) 
% 

S300A(1)(e)(vi) 
Value of 
Options and 
Rights as 
Proportion of 
Remuneration 
% 

61,250 

40,833 

28,919 

336,738 

55,530 

157,483 

680,753 

- 

- 

- 

(2,599) 

5,767 

(19,583) 

(16,415) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,747 

- 

- 

- 

20,000(6) 

- 

17,500 

37,500 

15,937 

(7,043) 

- 

11,235 

29,919 

- 

- 

(7,043) 

- 

- 

- 

(96,978) 

4,946 

(104,694) 

(196,726) 

61,250 

40,833 

31,666 

266,055 

66,243 

61,941 

527,988 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(36.4%) 

7.5% 

(36.4%) 

7.5% 

(169%) 

(169%) 

Year Ended 31 December 2015 

Non- Executive Directors 

Mr D M Murcia 

Mr M D Hancock 
Mr P E Freund (resigned 3 September 2015)  

Executive Directors 

Mr D P Gordon 
Mr B R Scarpelli(1) 

Executives 

Mr J W Westdorp (resigned 19 June 2015) 

Total 

(1)  Effective 3 September 2015 Mr Scarpelli was appointed to the Board in an executive role as well as being promoted to the role of Country Manager – Brazil. 

(2)  Other benefits includes the movement in annual leave entitlements over the 12 month period, measured on an accruals basis, and other minor benefits for executives located in Brazil. 

(3)  Relates to pro rata long service leave measured on an accruals basis. 

(4)  The fair value of the options is calculated at the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model and allocated to each reporting period evenly over the period from grant date to vesting date. The 

value disclosed is the portion of the fair value of the options recognised in this reporting period. 

(5)  The  vesting  of  performance  rights  and  options  is  conditional  on  the  achievement  of  future  targets  which  if  not  achieved  will  result  in  the  forfeiture  of  the  related  rights  or  options.  The  proportion  of 
performance related remuneration consists of short term incentives and long term incentives. The percentages disclosed include the value of options and performance rights expensed during the year in 
accordance with Australian Accounting Standards. Details of the vesting conditions related to the options and rights have been disclosed in section 5.3. 

(6)  The value of shares issued to Mr Gordon in lieu of remuneration during the period includes an accrual of $4,000 in relation to shares for December 2015 remuneration which were not issued until January 

2016. 

Page 9 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

5.3 

Equity Instruments  

A Performance Share Plan (PSP) was adopted by the Board on 23 July 2012 and was approved by shareholders 
on  31  August  2012.    Under  the  PSP,  the  Board  may  from  time  to  time  in  its  absolute  discretion  grant 
performance  rights  to  eligible  persons  including  executives  and  employees,  subject  to  such  terms  and 
conditions as the Board determines.  Performance rights are, in effect, options to acquire unissued shares in 
the  Company,  the  exercise  of  which  is  subject  to  certain  performance  milestones  and  remaining  in 
employment  during  the  vesting  period.    Performance  rights  are  granted  under  the  PSP  for  no  consideration 
and are granted for a period not exceeding 5 years.  There were no performance rights issued during the year 
or on issue as at year end.   

Options are granted under the Employee Share Option Plan (ESOP) which was approved by shareholders at the 
2016 Annual General Meeting.  Eligibility to participate in the ESOP (including participation by Executive and 
Non-Executive  directors)  is  determined  by  the  Board  in  its  absolute  discretion.  Where  provided,  options 
granted under the ESOP are for no consideration and are granted for a period of up to 5 years. The vesting and 
exercise conditions of options granted are also determined by the Board in its absolute discretion. Employees 
must remain in employment during the vesting period.  Options may also be granted by the Company outside 
of the ESOP, but under similar terms and conditions. 

The  Group  has  a  policy  that  prohibits  directors  and  employees  who  are  granted  share  options  and 
performance rights as part of their remuneration from entering into arrangements that limit their exposure to 
losses that would result from share price decreases. 

Shares issued in lieu of remuneration 

During the year ended 31 December 2015 the Company received shareholder approval and an ASX Listing Rule 
waiver to enable it to issue up to 12,000,000 fully paid ordinary shares to Mr Gordon in lieu of $48,000 worth 
of salary over the 12 month period up to 8 October 2016. 

During the reporting period the Company issued the following shares: 

Tranche 

Period of Remuneration 

Issue Date of 
Shares 

Number of 
Shares 

Issue price 

Value of 
Shares $ 

1 

2 

3 

4 

Total 

1 December 2015 – 31 January 2016 

4 January 2016 

1,481,481 

$0.0054 

1 February 2016 – 31 March 2016 

1 March 2016 

1,632,653 

$0.0049 

1 April 2016 – 31 May 2016 

2 May 2016 

1,333,333 

$0.0060 

1 June 2016 – 31 July 2016 

1 July 2016 

1,111,111 

$0.0072 

5,558,578 

8,000 

8,000 

8,000 

8,000 

32,000 

The issue price of the shares is determined using the volume weighted average price of the shares for the five 
trading days prior to the issue date. 

Page 10 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Analysis of Options over Equity Instruments Granted as Compensation 

Details of vesting profiles of the options granted as remuneration to key management personnel of the Group 
are detailed below: 

Directors 
Mr D P Gordon 

Mr D M Murcia 

Mr M D Hancock 

Mr B R Scarpelli 

Number 
Of 
Options 
Issued 

2,000,000 
3,000,000 
3,000,000 
500,000 
1,000,000 
1,000,000 
500,000 
750,000 
750,000 
250,000 
250,000 
500,000 
1,000,000 
1,500,000 
1,500,000 

Grant 
Date 

Expiry 
Date 

Exercise 
Price 

10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
25/08/14 
25/08/14 
25/08/14 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 

10/06/18 
10/06/19 
10/06/20 
10/06/18 
10/06/19 
10/06/20 
10/06/18 
10/06/19 
10/06/20 
31/08/18 
31/08/18 
31/08/18 
10/06/18 
10/06/19 
10/06/20 

$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.1250 
$0.1250 
$0.1250 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 

Fair value 
per 
option at 
grant 
date 

$0.0020 
$0.0026 
$0.0031 
$0.0020 
$0.0026 
$0.0031 
$0.0020 
$0.0026 
$0.0031 
$0.0446 
$0.0446 
$0.0446 
$0.0020 
$0.0026 
$0.0031 

% 
Vest 
In 
Year 

100% 
- 
- 
100% 
- 
- 
100% 
- 
- 
- 
100% 
- 
100% 
- 
- 

% 
Expired 
In Year 

% 
Forfeited 
In Year 

Financial 
Year In 
Which 
Grant 
Vests (1) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

2016 
2017 
2018 
2016 
2017 
2018 
2016 
2017 
2018 
2014 
2016 
2017 
2016 
2017 
2018 

(1) 

The options which vest in 2017 and 2018 are subject to the completion of service conditions.  

Exercise of Options Granted as Compensation  

There  were  no  shares  issued  on  exercise  of  options  which  were  previously  granted  as  compensation  to  key 
management personnel. 

Options Over Equity Instruments 

The  movement during the reporting period, by number of options over ordinary shares in Centaurus Metals 
Limited  held,  directly,  indirectly  and  beneficially,  by  each  key  management  person,  including  their  related 
parties, is as follows: 

Held 1 
January 
2016 

- 
- 
- 
1,000,000 

Granted as 
Compensation 

Exercised 

Held 31 
December 
2016 

Vested 
During the 
Period 

Vested and 
Exercisable 
31 December 
2016 

2,500,000 
8,000,000 
2,000,000 
4,000,000 

- 
- 
- 
- 

2,500,000 
8,000,000 
2,000,000 
5,000,000 

500,000 
2,000,000 
500,000 
1,250,000 

500,000 
2,000,000 
500,000 
1,500,000 

Directors 
Mr D M Murcia 
Mr D P Gordon 
Mr M D Hancock 
Mr B R Scarpelli 

Analysis of Movements in Options  

The movement during the reporting period, by value, of options over ordinary shares in the Company held by 
each director, key management person and each of the Company executives and relevant Group executives is 
detailed below: 

Page 11 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Value Of 
Options 
Granted $(A) 

Value Of 
Options 
Exercised In 
Year $(B) 

Value Of 
Options 
Lapsed In 
Year $(C) 

6,714 
21,164 
5,291 
10,582 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Director 
Mr D M Murcia  
Mr D P Gordon 
Mr M D Hancock 
Mr B R Scarpelli 

(A) 

(B) 

(C) 

The value of options granted in the year is the fair value of the options calculated at grant date using 
the Black Scholes option-pricing model.  The total value of the options granted is included in the table 
above. This amount is allocated to remuneration over the vesting period. 

The  value  of  options  exercised  during  the  year  is  calculated  as  the  market  price  of  shares  of  the 
Company as at close of trading on the date the options were exercised after deducting the price paid to 
exercise the option.  

The  value  of  unvested  options  that  lapsed  during  the  year  represents  the  benefit  forgone  and  is 
calculated  at  the  date  the  options  lapsed  using  the  Black  Scholes  option-pricing  model  assuming  the 
performance  criteria  had  been  achieved.  To  the  extent  that  the  options  are  out  of  the  money  upon 
lapsing, the value is nil.  

5.4 

Key Management Personnel Transactions 

Loans to Key Management Personnel and Their Related Parties 

No loans have been made to directors or other key management personnel of Centaurus Metals Limited or the 
Group. 

Key Management Personnel and Director Transactions 

One of the key management personnel, or their related parties, hold positions in other entities that result in 
them having control or significant influence over the financial or operating policies of these entities. 

One  of  these  entities  transacted  with  the  Group  in  the  reporting  period.    The  terms  and  conditions  of  the 
transactions with key management personnel and their related parties were no more favourable than those 
available,  or  which  might  reasonably  be  expected  to  be  available,  on  similar  transactions  to  non-key 
management personnel related entities on an arm’s length basis. 

The  aggregate  value  of  transactions  and  outstanding  balances  relating  to  key  management  personnel  and 
entities over which they have control or significant influence were as follows: 

Key Management Person 
Mr D M Murcia(1) 
Total and current liabilities 

Transaction Value 

Balance Outstanding As At 

Transaction 
Legal fees 

2016 
$ 
77,917 

2015 
$ 
66,268 

31 Dec 2016 
$ 
17,174 

31 Dec 2015 
$ 
1,250 

17,174 

1,250 

(1) 

Payable to MPH Lawyers, a firm in which Mr Murcia is a partner. 

Shareholdings of Key Management Personnel 

The  movement  during  the  reporting  period  of  ordinary  shares  in  Centaurus  Metals  Limited  held,  directly, 
indirectly and beneficially, by each key management person, including their related parties, is as follows: 

Held 1 
January 
2016 

Purchases 

Received in 
lieu of 
remuneration 

Sales 

Other 

Director 
Mr D M Murcia 
Mr D P Gordon 
Mr M D Hancock 
Mr B R Scarpelli 

5,304,980 
18,134,182 
1,477,457 
- 

3,182,988 
14,215,656 
886,473 
- 

- 
5,558,578 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Held at 31 
December 
2016 

- 
- 
- 
- 

8,487,968 
37,908,416 
2,363,930 
- 

Page 12 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

All  equity  transactions  with  Key  Management  Personnel  other  than  those  arising  from  the  exercise  of 
remuneration options have been entered into under terms and conditions no more favourable than those the 
Group would have adopted if dealing at arms-length. 

Listed Option Holdings of Key Management Personnel 

On 12 October 2016 the Company announced a 3-for-5 Renounceable Rights Issue that included an issue of 1 
for  2  free  attaching  listed  options.  The  listed  options  (ASX:  CTMOA)  have  an  exercise  price  of  $0.01  and  an 
expiry date of 30 April 2018.  

The  movement  during  the  reporting  period  of  the  listed  options  in  Centaurus  Metals  Limited  held,  directly, 
indirectly and beneficially, by each key management person, including their related parties, is as follows: 

Held 1 
January 
2016 

Purchases 

Sales 

Other 

343,067 
2,116,666 
158,888 
- 

1,591,494 
7,107,828 
443,236 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Held at 31 
December 
2016 

- 
- 
- 
- 

1,934,561 
9,224,494 
602,124 
- 

Director 
Mr D M Murcia 
Mr D P Gordon 
Mr M D Hancock 
Mr B R Scarpelli 

6  Principal Activities 

During the period the principal activities of the Group consisted of exploration and evaluation activities related 
to mineral resources.  There were no significant changes in the nature of the activities of the Group during the 
year. 

7  Operating and Financial Review  

A summary of consolidated results is set out below 

Interest Income 
Other Income 

Loss before income tax  
Income tax benefit 

31 December 
2016 
$ 

31 December 
2015 
$ 

43,076 
142,093 
185,169 

(3,318,902) 
758,003 

39,907 
1,345,315 
1,385,222 

(3,704,222) 
3,356 

Loss attributable to members of Centaurus Metals Limited 

(2,560,899) 

(3,700,866) 

Financial Performance 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2016  the  Group  expensed  Exploration  and  Evaluation  costs  totalling 
$1,478,842  (2015  $2,283,873)  in  accordance  with  the  Group’s  accounting  policy.  The  Exploration  and 
Evaluation costs primarily comprise costs in relation to exploration at the Mombuca and Serra Misteriosa Gold 
Projects in Brazil. Previously capitalised acquisition costs of $464,646 (2015: $101,389) were also impaired in 
relation to the Mombuca and Itambe Projects. 

Financial Position 

At  the  end  of  the  year  the  Group  had  a  cash  balance  of  $1,891,367  (2015:  $541,871)  and  net  assets  of 
$4,751,289 (2015: $3,874,330).  Total liabilities amounted to $767,920 (2015: $926,767) and consisted of trade 
and other payables and employee benefits. 

Page 13 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Strategy  

The key focus for the Group is currently to explore and develop gold and copper projects which the Company 
believes are capable of delivering acceptable returns to its shareholders within a reasonable timeframe.  

The  2016  calendar  year  culminated  in  acquisition  and  commencement  of  field  exploration  activities  at  the 
highly  prospective  Serra  Misteriosa  Gold  Project  in  northern  Brazil.  The  Project  was  acquired  through  the 
Company’s  strategic  alliance  with  Terrativa  Minerais  SA  (“Terrativa”).  The  Company  continues  to  reposition 
itself outside of the bulk commodities sector and  seek  value from its  existing iron ore assets through  either 
outright sale or joint development.  

Project Activities 

Overview 

The year culminated in an exciting new chapter for Centaurus, with the commencement of field exploration 
activities at the newly-acquired Serra Misteriosa Gold Project, which forms part of the highly prospective Pará 
Exploration  Package  (“Pará  EP”)  in  Northern  Brazil.  The  Pará  EP  was  secured  via  an  agreement  with  the 
Company’s strategic alliance partner, Terrativa Minerais SA.  

The  extensive  tenement  package  is  located  between  several  world-class  mineral  deposits  –  the  5Moz  Volta 
Grande Gold Project, owned by TSX listed Belo Sun Mining, to the north and the giant Carajás IOCG province to 
the south. The Pará EP group of tenements include prospective gold targets for both Volta Grande-style gold 
and Carajás-style copper-gold deposits.  

The Serra Misteriosa Gold Project represents the most advanced project in the Pará EP, and a major Induced 
Polarization survey over the tenement area commenced in November to define preferred targets for drilling in 
the first half of 2017. Survey results were announced subsequent to the end of the reporting period.  

The  initial  exploration  campaign  at  Serra  Misteriosa  has  been  underpinned  by  the  rights  issue  and  share 
placement  that  was  completed  in  November  2016,  which  closed  heavily  over-subscribed  and  successfully 
raised $2.25 million. 

Also during the year a diamond drill campaign was completed at the Mombuca Gold Project. The exploration 
results are under review, after the drilling failed to intersect any significant gold mineralisation but identified 
evidence of the presence of  a substantial hydrothermal  mineralising  system. The drilling has not adequately 
explained the very strong IP chargeability anomalies identified within the project area earlier in the year. 

Exploration  also  continued  at  the  Aurora  Copper  Project  in  north-east  Brazil  during  the  period,  with  several 
new  priority  exploration  targets  identified  following  a  successful  review  of  historical  geophysical  data.  The 
review,  which  was  undertaken  by  highly  experienced  US-based  geophysicist,  Mr  Robert  B.  Ellis,  has  laid  the 
foundations for an Induced Polarisation (IP) survey to be completed during 2017 to enhance the definition  of 
drill targets.  

The  most  significant  target  that  has  emerged  from  the  review  of  historical  data  is  a  chargeability  high 
identified north of the Diamante target which extends over +1km of strike and is up to 600m wide, and may 
represent sulphide-rich mineralisation. This will be a priority focus for future exploration work at Aurora. 

Acquisition of Pará Exploration Package 

In  October,  Centaurus  entered  into  a  binding  letter  agreement  to  secure  100%  of  a  highly  prospective  and 
strategically  located  gold  and  copper  exploration  project  in  Northern  Brazil  through  its  existing  strategic 
alliance with Terrativa Minerais SA (“Terrativa”).  
The  highly  prospective  Serra  Misteriosa  Gold  Project  forms  part  of  the  +750  km2  Pará  Exploration  Package 
(“Pará EP”) of tenements located in Brazil’s mineral-rich State of Pará, opening up a significant new front for 
gold exploration for Centaurus in Brazil.    

The  extensive  tenement  package  is  located  between  several  world-class  mineral  deposits  –  the  5Moz  Volta 
Grande Gold Project1, owned by Belo Sun Mining Corp., to the north and the giant Carajás IOCG province to 
the south. The Pará EP includes the Serra Misteriosa Gold Project, the Salobo West Copper-Gold Project, the 
Serra Vermelho Gold Project, the Serra da Fumaça Gold Project and the Caldeiráo Copper-Gold Project.  The 
tenements  include  prospective  gold  targets  for  both  Volta  Grande-style  gold  and  Carajás-style  copper-gold 
deposits.  

Page 14 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Importantly  for  Centaurus,  the  Company  was  able  to  continue  to  build  upon  its  Strategic  Alliance  with 
Terrativa by securing access to the Para EP for no upfront cost with all expenditure to be directed into planned 
exploration activities on the highly prospective tenure.   

Key Commercial Terms 

Under the Earn In Agreement with Terrativa, Centaurus will earn the right to acquire 100% of the project by 
undertaking R$2.5 million (~A$1 million) of expenditure within two years of execution of the Agreement. 

Once Centaurus has met the minimum expenditure commitment, it will have the right to acquire 100% of the 
Project  Tenements  through  the  issue  of  30  million  CTM  shares  and  a  2%  production  royalty  over  future 
production from any of the project tenements. Concurrently with the issue of the ordinary shares, Centaurus 
will issue Terrativa 90 million Performance Rights in 3 tranches of 30 million with varying vesting conditions. 

The  future  issue  of  both  ordinary  shares  and  performance  rights  to  Terrativa  will  be  subject  to  shareholder 
approval. 

In the event that Centaurus disposes of any of the Projects that form part of the Pará EP then Terrativa will be 
entitled to 25% of the sale proceeds. The value of any Performance Rights issued will be deducted from the 
first sale proceeds of any of the Project Tenements. 

The Serra Misteriosa Gold Project 

Serra Misteriosa or “The Mysterious Hill” is located within an extensive farming district only 180km from the 
regional centre of Marabá, a city with a population of 180,000 people, a domestic airport and excellent access 
to infrastructure and services.  

Serra Misteriosa is the most advanced project in the Para EP, where Terrativa has undertaken extensive early-
stage exploration work to generate numerous walk-up drill targets, none of which have yet been drill tested.  
The project displays a number of close geological similarities to the 5.0Moz Volta Grande Gold Project, owned 
by TSX-listed Belo Sun Mining Corp.   

Volta Grande is a world-class gold deposit with reported NI 43-101 Mineral Reserves of 3.8Moz at 1.02 g/t gold 
within  a  total  Mineral  Resource  (Measured  and  Indicated)  of  5.0Moz  at  0.98  g/t1.  Belo  Sun  Mining  Corp. 
completed a positive Feasibility Study in 2015 and has recently secured its construction licences.  

The  Serra  Misteriosa  tenement  package  covers  30km  of  strike  extensions  of  a  WNW-ESE  trending  Upper 
Proterozoic  greenstone  belt  that  has  been  intruded  by  multiple  syntectonic  diorites  and  granodiorites.  The 
primary  target  is  delineated  by  a  continuous  2.5km  long,  high-grade  anomaly  (+50ppb  Au)  within  a  broader 
+5km long gold geochemical anomaly (+25ppb Au) that is consistently up to 500m wide.  

The  comparisons  with  the  Volta  Grande  Project  geology  are  important.  Set  in  a  greenstone  of  the  same 
regional orientation and geological age, the Volta Grande gold mineralisation is related to a major WNW-ESE 
trending  shear  zone  within  a  highly  silicified  dolerite  intrusive.  The  same  rocks  and  alteration  assemblage  is 
seen in an identical structural setting at Serra Misteriosa.   

Furthermore,  the  discovery  of  the  Volta  Grande  deposit  was  made  by  testing  a  2.5km  x  300m  wide 
geochemical signature over a rich red saprolite that coincided with the regional trends similar to that seen at 
Serra Misteriosa.  

Landowner agreements and drilling approvals are already well advanced by Terrativa and Centaurus plans to 
commence drilling the Serra Misteriosa Project in the first half of 2017.  

IP Survey 

In  November,  Centaurus  commenced  a  ground-based  exploration  program  at  the  Serra  Misteriosa  Gold 
Project, with an Induced Polarisation (IP) geophysical survey to help define the most prospective drill targets. 

The IP survey initially covered the area of the continuous 2.4km long +50ppb Au anomaly with further survey 
work undertaken to cover additional satellite targets. 

The positive IP Survey results were released  subsequent to the end of the reporting period and confirm the 
prospectivity of the targets seen in the soil geochemical signature. 

1 For additional information on the Volta Grande Mineral Reserves and Resources please refer to www.belosun.com.  

Page 15 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

The Salobo West Copper-Gold Project  
The Salobo West Project comprises a group of EL applications that cover 150 km2 of highly prospective ground 
located  in  the  heart  of  the  world-class  Carajás  IOCG  province.  The  project  is  located  just  12km  along  strike 
from Vale’s massive Salobo copper-gold mine which hosts mineral resources of over 1.1 billion tonnes at 0.7% 
Cu and 0.4g/t Au2.  

One of the tenement applications, located along strike from the Salobo mine, covers a 10km extension of the 
Cinzento Shear Zone that hosts the world-class copper-gold deposit. The Cinzento shear zone is a well mapped 
zone that is highlighted by a regional magnetic anomaly as well as variations in topography. As these areas are 
still applications no ground work has been completed to date. Centaurus is working with the Pará Department 
of Mines (DNPM) to get these tenements granted as soon as possible.  

The Serra Vermelho and Serra da Fumaça Gold Projects 

The Serra Vermelho and Serra da Fumaça Gold Projects are both in a similar setting to Serra Misteriosa where 
a  number  of  diorites  have  intruded  a  greenstone  unit  that  displays  strong  hydrothermal  alteration.  The 
projects  display  excellent  regional  geophysical  characteristics  with  a  potassium  anomaly  at  Serra  Vermelho 
indicating alteration coincident with a magnetic low lineament within a magnetic high area.   

Only very early stage exploration has been completed on both project areas.  This work included some stream 
sediment  sampling  that  has  returned  multiple  anomalous  gold  readings  around  the  project  area.  Centaurus 
will plan to start work at both Projects after the initial round of drilling is complete at Serra Misteriosa. 

Aurora Copper Project 

The Aurora Copper Project is located in the state of Ceara, north-east Brazil. 

Early in the year, the Company identified several new priority exploration targets after completing a successful 
review of historical geophysical data.    

Primary and secondary copper mineralisation occurs in two principal target areas: the Diamante Target (south) 
and the Taveira Target (north). Historical drilling at Aurora has returned a number of significant intersections 
including:  

  12.5m at 2.4% Cu from 101.5m in Hole 3BA-14-CE (CPRM);  
  9.5m at 1.6% Cu from 46.0m in Hole 3BA-09-CE (CPRM); 
  6.9m at 0.93% Cu from 47.0m in Hole PJCA-PSED-SD0002 (Terrativa);  
  1.3m at 5.28% Cu from 32.0m in Hole PJCA-PTAV-SD0010 (Terrativa); and 
  12.0m at 0.79% Cu from surface in Hole PJCA-PTAV-SD0007 (Terrativa).  

Based  on  historical  IP  survey  data,  there  is  a  good  correlation  between  the  west-northwest  trending 
chargeability and resistivity highs with the aeromagnetic high and ground gravity low trends at the Diamante 
Target and on the north and south edge of the Taveira Target. It is these zones that have returned positive drill 
results in the past.  

Centaurus intends to undertake a further round of geological mapping and sampling and geophysical work. 

The most interesting new target that is yet to be tested at the Aurora Project is a chargeability high located 
north of the Diamante target. This strong anomaly is over 1 km long and up to 600m wide and is located along 
the same trend as the Taveira target. It is coincident with a resistivity high as well as a strong copper-in-soils 
anomaly. 

Mombuca Gold Project 

The  Mombuca  Gold  Project  is  located  in  the  state  of  Minas  Gerais,  south-east  Brazil.  A  drill  program  was 
undertaken at the Project during September 2016 following extensive mapping, sampling and trenching of the 
Project area as well as completion of a detailed Induced Polarisation (IP) Survey.  

2 For additional information on the Salobo Mineral Reserves and Resources please refer to www.vale.com.  

Page 16 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Induced Polarisation (IP) Survey 

The IP Survey identified a number of open-ended high chargeability zones that extended to more than 250m 
depth at both the ITZ Prospect and the Bela Prospect. 

The standout IP anomaly at the Bela Prospect occurred on section 675540mE, roughly 1.5km to the east of the 
ITZ Prospect where an extremely high chargeability anomaly was identified, open at depth. The anomaly was 
at its strongest at the base of the survey, where it is roughly 250m wide and projects upwards before 
weakening some 50-75m below surface. 

The anomaly is perfectly coincident with a resistivity high that may be associated with silica alteration as well 
as a significant magnetic low feature surrounded by a larger magnetic high anomaly that potentially indicates 
magnetite depletion by sulphide rich fluids. The combination of geophysical indicators made for an excellent, 
high-priority drill target. 

Within the ITZ Prospect there were similar examples of this relationship between the IP chargeability highs and 
magnetic low anomalies.  

Drilling Program  

Based on the excellent geophysical targets, coupled with the broader positive exploration results collected on 
the Project, the Company identified a number of drill targets.  

The  initial  round  of  drilling  saw  five  deep  diamond  drill  holes  completed  over  the  two  prospect  areas.  The 
results  included  a  shallow  intercept  of  low-grade  gold  mineralisation  in  drill  hole  MBC-DD-16-002  but  no 
significant assay results were returned from the other four holes. 

Results from the drilling have not been able to explain the strength of a number of IP anomalies in the project 
area  and  further  work  in  this  regard  is  required.  Priority  will  now,  however,  be  given  to  exploring  the  Serra 
Misteriosa Gold Project where the opportunity to discover a world class orebody is significantly greater than at 
the Mombuca Project area.  

Jambreiro Iron Ore Project  

The  Company’s  100%-owned  Jambreiro  Project,  located  in  south-east  Brazil,  is  a  shovel-ready  development 
project  that  is  licenced  for  3Mtpa  of  wet  production  and  which  represents  a  strategic  asset  in  the  Brazilian 
domestic iron ore and steel sector, particularly with the recent increase in  iron ore prices and the premium 
pricing that exists in the market for high grade ore (+65% Fe) like that which could be produced at Jambreiro.  

Centaurus intends to pursue opportunities to extract value from the Jambreiro Project via either an outright 
sale or joint development proposition.   

Conquista DSO Iron Ore Project 

The  Conquista  Project  comprises  a  portfolio  of  highly  prospective  tenements  with  extensive  Direct  Ship  Ore 
(DSO)  mineralisation  located  just  8km  along  well  maintained  gravel  roads  from  the  Company’s  previously 
divested Candonga DSO Iron Ore Project.  

The Company has established an Exploration Target for the Conquista tenements of 3.5-8Mt of high-grade DSO 
grading  64-67%  Fe,  with  a  further  20-40Mt  of  itabirite  mineralisation  grading  35-45%  Fe.  The  Exploration 
Target  is  based  on  detailed  geological  mapping,  auger  drill-hole  results  and  is  underpinned  by  the  ground 
magnetic survey. The Exploration Target quantity and grade is conceptual in nature, there has been insufficient 
exploration  to  estimate  a  Mineral  Resource  and  it  is  uncertain  if  further  exploration  will  result  in  the 
estimation of a Mineral Resource. 

Centaurus believes that the Conquista DSO Iron Ore Project has the ability to be a significant cash generator 
for the Company in the near future via sale of the asset or through joint development.  

Page 17 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Corporate 

Capital Raisings 

In June Centaurus successfully raised $0.65 million to undertake the maiden drilling program at the Mombuca 
Gold Project.  

In  November,  the  Company  completed  a  3-for-5  renounceable  rights 
issue  which  closed  heavily 
oversubscribed.  Under  the  offer,  eligible  shareholders  could  subscribe  for  3  new  shares  for  every  5  existing 
shares  held  at  an  issue  price  of  $0.005  per  share,  together  with  one  free  attaching  option  for  every  2  new 
shares subscribed for with an exercise price of $0.01 and an expiry date of 30 April 2018. The Company issued 
402,467,414  New  Shares  and  201,233,707  New  Options  under  the  Rights  Issue,  raising  a  total  of  $2  million 
before costs. 

Due  to  the  very  strong  level  of  demand  from  shareholders,  the  Company  also  agreed  to  place  a  further  50 
million shares ($250,000) and 25 million options on the same terms as those issued under the Rights Issue.   

The proceeds of the Rights Issue and additional placement will predominantly be used to fund an active gold 
exploration  program,  including  the  Company’s  first-ever  drill  program  on  the  recently  acquired  and  highly 
prospective Serra Misteriosa Gold Project in northern Brazil.   

Share Sale Facility 

In December, Centaurus established a Share Sale Facility for holders of Unmarketable Parcels of shares in the 
Company  to  enable  the  sale  of  their  shares  without  incurring  any  brokerage  or  handling  costs  that  could 
otherwise make a sale of their shares uneconomic or difficult. By making this Facility available the Company 
aimed  to  reduce  the  administrative  costs  associated  with  maintaining  a  number  of  small  holdings.  The  ASX 
Listing Rules defines an “Unmarketable Parcel” as those with a market value of less than A$500.  

The Share Sale Facility was closed subsequent to the end of the reporting period on 23 January 2017. The final 
number of shares sold under the Facility, being 24,723,276 shares from 2,507 shareholders represented 59% 
of  the  total  number  of  shareholders  holding  shares  at  that  date.  The  shares  were  sold  to  sophisticated  and 
professional clients of CPS Capital Ltd for $0.0065 per share.  

Competent Person’s Statement 
The information in this report that relates to Exploration Results and Mineral Resources is based on information compiled 
by  Roger  Fitzhardinge,  a  Competent  Person  who  is  a  Member  of  the  Australasia  Institute  of  Mining  and  Metallurgy  and 
Volodymyr Myadzel, a Competent Person who is a Member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists.  Roger Fitzhardinge 
is  a  permanent  employee  of  Centaurus  Metals  Limited  and  Volodymyr  Myadzel  is  the  Senior  Resource  Geologist  of  BNA 
Consultoria e Sistemas Limited, independent resource consultants engaged by Centaurus Metals Limited. 

Roger  Fitzhardinge  and  Volodymyr  Myadzel  have  sufficient  experience  that  is  relevant  to  the  style  of  mineralisation  and 
type  of  deposit  under  consideration  and  to  the  activity  which  they  are  undertaking  to  qualify  as  a  Competent  Person  as 
defined  in  the  2012  Edition  of  the  ‘Australasian  Code  for  Reporting  of  Exploration  Results,  Mineral  Resources  and  Ore 
Reserves’.  Roger Fitzhardinge and Volodymyr Myadzel consent to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on their 
information in the form and context in which it appears. 

Exploration Targets 
This  Report  comments  on  and  discusses  Centaurus  Metals  Limited’s  exploration  in  terms  of  target  size  and  type.  The 
information  in  relation  to  Exploration  Targets  should  not  be  misunderstood  or  misconstrued  as  an  estimate  of  Mineral 
Resources or Ore Reserves. The potential quantity and quality of material discussed as Exploration Targets is conceptual in 
nature since there has been insufficient work completed to define them as Mineral Resources or Ore Reserves. It is uncertain 
if further exploration work will result in the determination of a Mineral Resource or Ore Reserve.   

Factors and Business Risks Affecting Future Business Performance 

The following factors and business risks could have a material impact on the Company’s success in delivering 
its strategy: 

Access to Funding 

The Company’s ability to successfully develop future projects is contingent on the ability to fund those projects 
from  operating  cash  flows  or  through  affordable  debt  and  equity  raisings.  Ongoing  exploration  of  the 
Company’s Projects is contingent on developing appropriate funding solutions. 

Page 18 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Commodity Prices 

Commodity prices fluctuate according to changes in demand and supply.  The Company is exposed to changes 
in the price of a number of commodities, which could affect the future profitability of the Company’s projects.  
Significant  adverse  movements  in  commodity  prices  could  also  affect  the  ability  to  raise  debt  and  equity  to 
fund future exploration and development of projects. 

Exchange Rates 

The Company is exposed to changes in the US Dollar and the Brazilian Real.  Sales of most commodities are 
denominated in US Dollars. The Company’s CAPEX and OPEX costs will be primarily denominated in Brazilian 
Real. 

Sale of Iron Ore Projects 

The Company’s strategy in relation to its remaining iron ore assets is to divest or joint venture them to realise 
value rather than developing the assets in its own right. Whilst iron ore projects with high grade, low impurity 
product remain profitable in the domestic market, broader market conditions may impact on the Company’s 
ability  to  divest  the  assets  for  a  value  that  is  reflective  of  the  historical  cost  of  the  projects  and  there  is  no 
definitive  certainty  that  the  Company  will  be  able  to  enter  into  suitable  project  sale  or  joint  venture 
arrangement in line with the timetable established by the Company. 

Emphasis of Matter  

The  audit  opinion  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2016  contains  an  emphasis  of  matter  in  relation  to 
potential uncertainty regarding continuation as a going concern. The Financial Statements have been prepared 
on the basis of going concern. The Group will require funding in order to continue its exploration activities and 
iron ore divestment process.  Refer to Note 2 of the Financial Report for further details.   

Significant Changes in the State of Affairs 

In the opinion of directors, other than as outlined in this report, there were no significant changes in the state 
of affairs of the Group that occurred during the financial year under review. 

8  Dividends 

No dividend was declared or paid by the Company during the current or previous year. 

9 

Events Subsequent to Reporting Date 

There has not arisen in the interval between the end of the financial year and the date of this report an item, 
transaction or event of a material and unusual nature likely, in the opinion of the directors of the Company, to 
affect significantly the operations of the Group, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of the 
Group, in future financial years. 

10  Likely Developments 

Other  than  likely  developments  contained  in  the  “Operating  and  Financial  Review”  and  events  subsequent, 
further  information  on  likely  developments  in  the  operations  of  the  Group  and  the  expected  results  of 
operations have not been included in this report because the directors believe it would be likely to result in 
unreasonable prejudice to the Group. 

11  Environmental Regulation 

The  Group  is  subject  to  environmental  laws  and  regulations  under  Brazilian  (State  and  Federal)  legislation 
depending  on  the  activities  undertaken.    Compliance  with  these  laws  and  regulations  is  regarded  as  a 
minimum standard for the Group to achieve.  There were no known significant breaches of these regulations 
during the year. 

Page 19 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

12  Directors’ Interests 

The  relevant  interest  of  each  director  in  the  shares  and  options  over  such  shares  issued  by  the  companies 
within  the  Group  and  other  related  bodies  corporate,  as  notified  by  the  directors  to  the  ASX  in  accordance 
with S205G(1) of the Corporations Act 2001, at the date of this report is as follows: 

Directors 
Mr D M Murcia 
Mr D P Gordon 
Mr M D Hancock 
Mr B R Scarpelli 

13  Share Options  

Unissued Share Options  

Ordinary Shares 

Employee Options 

Listed Options 

8,487,968 
37,908,416 
2,363,930 
- 

2,500,000 
8,000,000 
2,000,000 
5,000,000 

1,934,561 
9,224,494 
602,124 
- 

At the date of this report unissued ordinary shares of the Company under option (issued under the ESOP) are: 

Expiry Date 

Exercise Price 

Vested 

Unvested 

Employee Options 

Total Number Of 
Shares Under 
Option 

10/06/2018 
31/08/2018 
10/06/2019 
10/06/2020 

$0.0082 
$0.1250 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 

5,500,000 
1,000,000 
- 
- 
6,500,000 

- 
1,000,000 
8,500,000 
8,500,000 
18,000,000 

5,500,000 
2,000,000 
8,500,000 
8,500,000 
24,500,000 

At the date of this report unissued ordinary shares of the Company under listed option are: 

Expiry Date 

31/03/2017 
30/04/2018 

Exercise Price 

Total Number Of Shares 
Under Option 

$0.050 
$0.010 

20,300,666 
226,233,707 
246,534,373 

The listed options expiring on 30 April 2018 were issued as a 1 for 2 free attaching option as part of the rights 
issue announced on 12 October 2016. The full terms of the options are set out in the Prospectus lodged with 
the ASX on 14 October 2016.  

The listed options expiring on 31 March 2017 were issued as 1 for 3 free attaching options as part of the share 
placement and entitlements issue announced on 25 February 2015. The full terms of the options are set out in 
the Prospectus lodged by the Company with ASX on 6 March 2015.  

14  Indemnification and Insurance of Officers and Auditors  

During  the  period,  the  Company  paid  insurance  premiums  to  insure  the  directors,  executive  officers  and 
Company Secretary of the Group.  The amount of premiums paid has not been disclosed due to confidentiality 
requirements under the contract of insurance. 

The liabilities insured are legal costs that may be incurred in defending civil or criminal proceedings that may 
be brought against the officers in their capacity as officers of entities in the Consolidated Entity, and any other 
payments  arising  from  liabilities  incurred  by  the  officers  in  connection  with  such  proceedings,  other  than 
where such liabilities arise out of conduct involving a wilful breach of duty by the officers or the improper use 
by  the  officers  of  their  position  or  of  information  to  gain  advantage  for  themselves  or  someone  else  or  to 
cause detriment to the Group. 

Page 20 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

15  Non- Audit Services 

During  the  period  KPMG,  the  Company’s  auditor,  has  performed  certain  other  services  in  addition  to  their 
statutory duties. 

The Board has considered the non-audit services provided during the year by the auditor and in accordance 
with  written  advice  provided  by  resolution  of  the  Board,  is  satisfied  that  the  provision  of  those  non-audit 
services  during  the  year  by  the  auditor,  did  not  compromise  the  auditor  independence  requirements  of  the 
Corporations Act 2001 for the following reasons: 

  all non-audit services were subject to the corporate governance procedures adopted by the Company 
and have been reviewed by the Board to ensure they do not impact the integrity and objectivity of 
the auditor; and 

  the  non-audit  services  provided  do  not  undermine  the  general  principles  relating  to  auditor 
independence  as  set  out  in  APES  110  Code  of  Ethics  for  Professional  Accountants,  as  they  did  not 
involve  reviewing  or  auditing  the  auditor’s  own  work,  acting  in  a  management  or  decision  making 
capacity for the Company, acting as an advocate for the Company or jointly sharing risks and rewards.   

Details of the amounts paid to the auditor of the Company, KPMG, and its related practices for audit and non-
audit services provided during the year are set out below. 

Audit Services 
Auditors of the Company 
Audit and review of financial reports – KPMG 

Services other than statutory audit 
Taxation compliance services – KPMG  

31 December 
2016 
$ 

31 December 
2015 
$ 

45,066 

91,827 

25,385 

11,420 

16  Lead Auditor’s Independence Declaration 

The lead auditor’s independence declaration is set out on page 22 and forms part of the directors’ report for 
the period ended 31 December 2016. 

This report is signed in accordance with a resolution of the directors. 

_________________ 
D P Gordon 
Managing Director 
Perth 
24 March 2017 

Page 21 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lead Auditor’s Independence Declaration under 
Section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001 

To the Directors of Centaurus Metals Limited 

I declare that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, in relation to the audit for the financial year 
ended 31 December 2016 there have been: 

i. 

ii. 

no contraventions of the auditor independence requirements as set out in the 
Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the audit; and 

no contraventions of any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit. 

KPMG 

Trevor Hart 
Partner 

Perth 

24 March 2017 

KPMG, an Australian partnership and a member firm of the KPMG 
network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG 
International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. 

Liability limited by a scheme approved under 
Professional Standards Legislation. 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Note 

31 December 
2016 
$ 

31 December 
2015 
$ 

7 

19 
16 
8 
11 

9 

10 

12 

Profit or Loss 
Other income 

Exploration expenditure 
Impairment of exploration and evaluation 
Impairment of other receivables 
Employee benefits expense 
Share based payments (expense)/ reversal 
Occupancy expenses 
Listing and share registry fees 
Professional fees 
Depreciation 
Net loss on disposal of property, plant & equipment 
Gain/(loss) on investments 
Other expenses 
Results from operating activities 

Finance income 
Finance expenses 
Net finance income 

Loss before income tax 
Income tax benefit 
Loss for the period  

Other Comprehensive Income 
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit 
or loss 
Net change in fair value of available-for-sale financial 
assets 
Exchange differences arising on translation of foreign 
operations  
Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the period 
Total comprehensive loss for the period  

142,093 

1,345,315 

(1,478,842) 
(464,646) 
(21,160)  
(711,354) 
(48,176) 
(96,638) 
(44,740) 
(342,550) 
(30,688) 
- 
(69,243) 
(195,542) 
(3,361,486) 

43,076 
(492) 
42,584 

(3,318,902) 
758,003 
(2,560,899) 

(2,283,873) 
(101,389) 
(879,180) 
(1,262,458) 
404,415 
(170,334) 
(56,515) 
(280,642) 
(93,357) 
(93,172) 
86,110 
(341,889) 
(3,726,969) 

39,907 
(17,160) 
22,747 

(3,704,222) 
3,356 
(3,700,866) 

- 

(35,556) 

636,217 

(1,123,109) 

636,217 
(1,924,682) 

(1,158,665) 
(4,859,531) 

Earnings per Share 
Basic loss per share 
Diluted loss per share 

14 
14 

Cents 

Cents 

(0.39) 
(0.39) 

(0.84) 
(0.84) 

The above Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income should be read in 
conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

Page 23 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

As at 31 December 2016 

Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Other receivables and prepayments 
Total current assets 

Non-current assets 
Other receivables and prepayments 
Other investments including derivatives 
Property, plant and equipment 
Exploration and evaluation assets 

Total non-current assets 
Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Employee benefits 
Provisions 
Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Provisions 
Employee benefits 
Total non-current liabilities 
Total liabilities 
Net assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Reserves 
Accumulated losses 

Total equity 

Note 

15(a) 
16 

16 
17 
18 
19 

20 
21 
22 

20 
22 
21 

2016 

$ 

2015 

$ 

1,891,367 
269,865 
2,161,232 

210,080 
20,609 
425,928 
2,701,360 

3,357,977 
5,519,209 

409,767 
139,066 
- 
548,833 

136,057 
- 
83,030 
219,087 
767,920 
4,751,289 

541,871 
846,359 
1,388,230 

210,300 
89,851 
450,367 
2,662,349 

3,412,867 
4,801,097 

235,182 
126,103 
7,776 
369,061 

- 
511,489 
46,217 
557,706 
926,767 
3,874,330 

109,419,656 
(6,561,211) 
(98,107,156) 

4,751,289 

106,666,191 
(7,245,604) 
(95,546,257) 

3,874,330 

The above Consolidated Statement of Financial Position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying 
notes. 

Page 24 of 67 

 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Balance at 1 January 2016 
Loss for the period 
Foreign currency translation difference for 
foreign operation 

Total comprehensive loss for the period 

Share-based payment/(reversal) transactions 
Issues of ordinary shares 
Share issue costs 

Total transactions with owners 

Balance at 31 December 2016 

Issued 
Capital 
$ 

Option 
Reserve 
$ 

Share-Based 
Payments 
Reserve 
$ 

Fair Value 
Reserve 
$ 

Foreign 
Currency 
Translation 
Reserve 
$ 

Accumulated 
Losses 
$ 

Total 
Equity 
$ 

106,666,191 
- 

- 

- 

- 
3,010,089 
(256,624) 

2,753,465 

109,419,656 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

62,375 
- 

- 

- 

48,176 
- 
- 

48,176 

110,551 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

(7,307,979) 
- 

(95,546,257) 
(2,560,899) 

3,874,330 
(2,560,899) 

636,217 

636,217 

- 

636,217 

(2,560,899) 

(1,924,682) 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

48,176 
3,010,089 
(256,624) 

2,801,641 

(6,671,762) 

(98,107,156) 

4,751,289 

The amounts recognised directly in equity are disclosed net of tax. 

The above Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

Page 25 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Balance at 1 January 2015 
Loss for the period 
Net change in fair value of available-for-sale 
financial assets 
Foreign currency translation difference for 
foreign operation 

Total comprehensive loss for the period 

Share-based payment/(reversal) transactions 
Issues of ordinary shares 
Share issue costs 
Share options exercised 
Transfer to accumulated losses 

Total transactions with owners 

Balance at 31 December 2015 

Issued 
Capital 
$ 

Option 
Reserve 
$ 

Share-Based 
Payments 
Reserve 
$ 

Fair Value 
Reserve 
$ 

Foreign 
Currency 
Translation 
Reserve 
$ 

Accumulated 
Losses 
$ 

Total 
Equity 
$ 

104,035,437 
- 

2,966,597 
- 

2,796,173 
- 

35,556 
- 

(6,184,870) 
- 

(97,141,371) 
(3,700,866) 

6,507,522 
(3,700,866) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(35,556) 

- 

- 

(1,123,109) 

- 

- 

(35,556) 

(1,123,109) 

(35,556) 

(1,123,109) 

(3,700,866) 

(4,859,531) 

- 
2,816,704 
(186,167) 
217 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
(2,966,597) 

(404,415) 
- 
- 
- 
(2,329,383) 

2,630,754 

(2,966,597) 

(2,733,798) 

106,666,191 

- 

62,375 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
5,295,980 

(404,415) 
2,816,704 
(186,167) 
217 
- 

5,295,980 

2,226,339 

(7,307,979) 

(95,546,257) 

3,874,330 

The amounts recognised directly in equity are disclosed net of tax. 

The above Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

Page 26 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Note 

31 December 
2016 
$ 

31 December 
2015 
$ 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Exploration and evaluation expenditure 
Payments to suppliers and employees (inclusive of goods 
and services tax) 
Proceeds from court settlement 
Cash receipts from joint venture partners 
Interest received 

(1,264,846) 

(2,321,745) 

(979,427) 

(1,537,469) 

- 
98,238 
32,565 

272,570 
- 
20,521 

Net cash used in operating activities 

15(b) 

(2,113,470) 

(3,566,123) 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Payments for plant & equipment 
Proceeds from grant of future lease of mining rights 
Proceeds from sale of investments 
Proceeds from sale of plant & equipment 

Net cash from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of equity securities 
Capital raising costs 

Net cash from financing activities 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held 

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 

15(a) 

(3,947) 
736,782 
- 
23,660 

756,495 

2,912,338 
(222,826) 

2,689,512 

1,332,537 
541,871 
16,959 

1,891,367 

(17,270) 
745,679 
208,752 
202,882 

1,140,043 

2,307,698 
(186,167) 

2,121,531 

(304,549) 
891,990 
(45,570) 

541,871 

The above Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

Page 27 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Note 1. Reporting Entity 

Centaurus  Metals  Limited  (“the  Company”)  is  a  company  domiciled  in  Australia.  The  Company’s  registered 
office  is  at  Level  3,  10  Outram  Street,  West  Perth  WA  6005.    The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the 
Company  as  at  and  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2016  comprise  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries 
(collectively  the  “Group”  and  individually  “Group  entities”).    The  Group  is  a  for-profit  entity  and  is  primarily 
involved in exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources. 

Note 2. Basis of Preparation 

Statement of Compliance 

The consolidated financial statements are general purpose financial statements which have been prepared in 
accordance  with  Australian  Accounting  Standards  (AASBs)  (including  Australian  Accounting  Interpretations) 
adopted  by  the  Australian  Accounting  Standards  Board  (AASB)  and  the  Corporations  Act  2001.    The 
consolidated financial statements comply with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS’s) adopted by 
the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). 

The consolidated financial statements were authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 24 March 2017. 

Basis of Measurement 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for the following 
material items in the statement of financial position: 

  Derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value;  
  Available-for-sale financial assets are measured at fair value; and 
  Share based payments are measured at fair value. 

Going Concern 

The financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2016 have been prepared on a going concern basis, 
which  contemplates  continuity  of  normal  business  activities  and  the  realisation  of  assets  and  settlement  of 
liabilities in the ordinary course of business.  

During  the  year,  the  Group  incurred  a  loss  after  tax  of  $2,560,899  with  net  cash  inflows  of  $1,332,537.  The 
Group has a working capital surplus of $1,612,399.  

The  Group’s  strategy  is  to  divest  or  joint  venture  its  remaining  iron  ore  projects  in  south-eastern  Brazil 
following the successful divestment of the Candonga DSO Iron Ore Project during 2015.   

The Group plans to continue exploration work on its other gold and copper projects during 2017 to the extent 
that  funding  is  available.  The  Group  has  the  ability  to  accelerate  its  work  programs  or  to  reduce  or  defer 
expenditure. 

The Group will require further funding in order to maintain its tenements and meet planned ongoing costs of 
the business. The Group intends to fund further exploration with new equity issues or via the divestment of 
the Company’s remaining iron ore assets. The Directors believe that the Group will be able to secure funding 
sufficient to meet requirements to continue as a going concern due to the following: 

  The Group has successfully raised equity capital in the past;  

  Commodity prices relevant to all of the Company’s projects (gold, copper and iron ore) have improved 
over the course of the last 12 months, making raising equity for future exploration more appealing to 
investors; and  

  The Group has an ongoing divestment process in place in respect to its remaining iron ore assets and 

is engaged in discussions with a number of interested parties. 

Page 28 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

The  form,  value  and  timing  of  any  transaction  that  may  provide  funding  is  yet  to  be  determined  and  will 
depend amongst other things, on capital markets, commodity prices and the outcome of planned exploration 
and evaluation activities.  

The Directors consider the going concern basis of preparation to be appropriate based on forecast cash flows 
for  the  next  12  months,  which  includes  raising  additional  funds  to  meet  forecast  minimum  expenditure 
required to  maintain tenements and meet ongoing costs.  The ability of the Company to achieve  its  forecast 
cash flows, including the raising of additional funds, represents material uncertainty that may cast significant 
doubt about whether the Company can continue as a going concern in which case it may not be able to realise 
its  assets  and  extinguish  its  liabilities  in  the  normal  course  of  business  and  at  the  amounts  stated  in  the 
financial report.      

Note 3. Functional and Presentation Currency 

These consolidated financial statements are presented in Australian Dollars, which is the Company’s functional 
currency. The functional currency of the Brazilian subsidiaries is the Brazilian Real. 

Note 4. Use of Judgements and Estimates 

In  preparing  these  consolidated  financial  statements,  management  has  made  judgements,  estimates  and 
assumptions that affect the application of the Group’s accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, 
liabilities, income and expenses.  Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis.  Revisions to accounting estimates 
are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.  

(a)  Judgements 

Information about judgements made in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effects on 
the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements is included below and also in the following 
notes: 

  Note 16 - Other Receivables and Prepayments; 
  Note  19  -  Exploration  and  Evaluation  Assets.  The  application  of  the  Group’s  accounting  policy  for 
exploration and evaluation expenditure requires judgement to determine whether future economic 
benefits  are  likely,  from  either  future  exploitation  or  sale,  or  whether  activities  have  not  reached  a 
stage that permits a reasonable assessment of the existence of reserves; and 

  Note 25 - Financial Instruments – Fair Values and Risk Management. 

(b)  Assumptions and Estimation Uncertainties 

Information  about  assumptions  and  estimation  uncertainties  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  resulting  in  a 
material adjustment in the year ending 31 December 2016 is included in Note 19 – Exploration and Evaluation 
Assets. In addition to applying judgement to determine  whether future economic benefits are likely to arise 
from the Group’s Exploration and Evaluation assets or whether activities have not reached a stage that permits 
a  reasonable  assessment  of  the  existence  of  Reserves,  the  Group  has  to  apply  a  number  of  estimates  and 
assumptions.  The  Group  is  required  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  as  to  future  events  and 
circumstances,  in  particular,  whether  successful  development  and  commercial  exploitation,  or  alternatively 
sale,  of  the  respective  areas  of  interest  will  be  achieved.    Critical  to  this  assessment  are  estimates  and 
assumptions  as  to  Ore  Reserves,  the  timing  of  expected  cash  flows,  exchange  rates,  commodity  prices  and 
future  capital  requirements.    Changes  in  these  estimates  and  assumptions  as  new  information  about  the 
recoverability of Ore Reserves becomes available, may impact the assessment of the recoverable amount of 
exploration  and  evaluation  assets.    If,  after  the  expenditure  is  capitalised,  information  becomes  available 
suggesting that the recovery of expenditure is unlikely, the relevant capitalised amount is written off to profit 
or loss in the period when that information becomes available. 

(c)  Measurement of Fair Values 

A number of the Group’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both 
financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.  

Page 29 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Fair  values  have  been  determined  for  measurement  and/or  disclosure  purposes  based  on  the  methods 
described  below.    When  applicable,  further  information  about  the  assumptions  made  in  determining  fair 
values is disclosed in the notes specific to that asset or liability. 

(i)  Derivatives 

The fair  value of listed options is determined by reference to their quoted closing bid price at the reporting 
date. The fair value of unlisted options is determined using a valuation model.  

(ii)  Trade and Other Receivables 

The fair value of trade and other receivables is estimated as the present value of future cash flows, discounted 
at the market rate of interest at the reporting date. 

(iii)  Share-based Payment Transactions 

The  fair  value  of  the  employee  share  options  are  estimated  using  the  applicable  valuation  methodology.  
Measurement  inputs  include  share  price  on  measurement  date,  exercise  price  of  the  instrument,  expected 
volatility (based on weighted average historic volatility adjusted for changes expected due to publicly available 
information), weighted average expected life of the instruments (based on historical experience and general 
option  holder  behaviour),  expected  dividends,  and  the  risk-free  interest  rate  (based  on  government  bonds).  
Service and performance conditions attached to vesting are not taken into account in determining fair value.  
Where  the  service  period  commences  prior  to  grant  date  the  fair  value  is  provisionally  calculated  and 
subsequently revised upon grant date. 

Note 5. Significant Accounting Policies 

The  Group  has  consistently  applied  the  following  accounting  policies  to  all  periods  presented  in  these 
consolidated financial statements. 

(a)  Basis of Consolidation 

(i)  Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group.  The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has 
rights  to,  variable  returns  from  its  involvement  with  the  entity  and  has  the  ability  to  affect  those  returns 
through  its  power  over  the  entity.  The  financial  statements  of  subsidiaries  are  included  in  the  consolidated 
financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases.   

The accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed when necessary to align them with policies adopted 
by the Group.   

(ii)  Transactions Eliminated on Consolidation 

Inter-Group  balances  and  transactions  and  any  unrealised  income  and  expenses  arising  from  intra-Group 
transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. 

(b)  Foreign Currency 

(i)  Foreign Currency Transactions 

Transactions  in  foreign  currencies  are  translated  to  the  respective  functional  currencies  of  Group  entities  at 
exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.   

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated to the functional currency 
at the foreign exchange rate at the reporting date.  The foreign currency gain or loss on monetary items is the 
difference  between  amortised  cost  in  the  functional  currency  at  the  beginning  of  the  period,  adjusted  for 
effective interest and payments during the period, and the amortised cost in foreign currency translated at the 
exchange rate at the end of the period.  Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies 
that are measured at fair  value are retranslated to the functional currency at the exchange rate at the date 
that the fair value was determined.   

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Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Foreign  currency  differences  arising  on  retranslation  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss,  except  for  differences 
arising on the retranslation of available-for-sale equity instruments, a financial liability designated as a hedge 
of  the  net  investment  in  a  foreign  operation,  or  qualifying  cash  flow  hedges,  which  are  recognised  in  other 
comprehensive  income.    Non-monetary  items  that  are  measured  in  terms  of  historical  cost  in  a  foreign 
currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. 

(ii)  Foreign Operations 

The  assets  and  liabilities  of  foreign  operations,  including  goodwill  and  fair  value  adjustments  arising  on 
acquisition, are translated to Australian dollars at exchange rates at reporting date.  The income and expenses 
of foreign operations are translated to Australian dollars at average exchange rates for the period. 

Foreign  currency  differences  are  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  and  presented  in  the  foreign 
currency translation reserve (translation reserve, or FCTR) within equity.  When a foreign operation is disposed 
of, in part or in full, the relevant amount in the FCTR is transferred to profit or loss as part of the profit or loss 
on disposal. 

When the settlement of a monetary item receivable from or payable to a foreign operation is neither planned 
nor likely in the foreseeable future, foreign exchange gains and losses arising from such a monetary item are 
considered to form part of a net investment in a foreign operation and are recognised in other comprehensive 
income and are presented within equity in the FCTR. 

(c)  Financial Instruments 

The  Group  classifies  non-derivative  financial  assets  into  the  following  categories  at  fair  value  through  profit 
and loss, held-to-maturity financials assets, loans and receivables and available-for-sale financial assets.  

The Group classifies non-derivative financial liabilities into the other financial liabilities category. 

(i)  Non- derivative Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities – Recognition and Derecognition 

The Group initially recognises loans, receivables and deposits on the date when they are originated.  All other 
financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised initially on the trade date. 

The Group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, 
or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which 
substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred, or it neither transfers 
nor  retains  substantially  all  of  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  and  does  not  retain  control  over  the 
transferred asset.  Any interest in such derecognised financial assets that is created or retained by the Group is 
recognised as a separate asset or liability. 

The  Group  derecognises  a  financial  liability  when  its  contractual  obligations  are  discharged,  cancelled  or 
expire. 

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the statement of financial position 
when and only when, the Group has a legal right to offset the amounts and intends either to settle on a net 
basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. 

The  Group  has  the  following  non-derivative  financial  assets:  receivables,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and 
available-for-sale financial assets. 

Receivables 

Receivables are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market.  
Such assets are recognised initially at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs.  Subsequent to 
initial  recognition,  receivables  are  measured  at  amortised  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method,  less  any 
impairment losses.    

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits with original maturities of three months or 
less.  

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Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

(ii)  Non derivative Financial Liabilities – Measurement  

Non-derivative financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value less any directly attributable transaction 
costs.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  these  liabilities  are  measured  at  amortised  cost  using  the  effective 
interest method. 

(iii)  Share Capital 

Ordinary shares are classified as equity.  Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares 
or share options are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effect. 

(iv)  Derivative Financial Instruments  

Derivatives are recognised initially at fair value and any directly attributable transactions costs are recognised 
in  profit  and  loss  as  incurred.    Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  derivatives  are  measured  at  fair  value  and 
changes therein are recognised immediately in profit or loss. 

(d)  Property, Plant and Equipment 

(i)  Recognition and Measurement 

Items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  any 
accumulated  impairment  losses.    Cost  includes  expenditure  that  is  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition  of 
the asset.  

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted 
for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. 

Any  gains  or  loss  on  disposal  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss.  
When  revalued  assets  are  sold,  the  amounts  included  in  the  revaluation  reserve  are  transferred  to  retained 
earnings. 

(ii)  Subsequent Expenditure 

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with 
the expenditure will flow to the Group. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment 
are recognised in profit and loss as incurred. 

(iii)  Depreciation  

Depreciation is calculated to write off the cost of items of property, plant and equipment less their estimated 
residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and is generally recognised in 
profit or loss.  Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives unless it is 
reasonably certain that the Group will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term.  Land is not depreciated.  

The estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are 3 to 15 years. 

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year-end and adjusted if 
appropriate. 

(e)  Exploration and Evaluation Expenditure 

Exploration  and  evaluation  costs  are  expensed  in  the  year  they  are  incurred.  Acquisition  costs  are  carried 
forward where right of tenure of the area of interest is current and they are expected to be recouped through 
sale or successful development and exploitation of the area of interest, or, where exploration and evaluation 
activities in the area of interest have not reached a stage that permits reasonable assessment of the existence 
of economically recoverable reserves.  

Where an area of interest is  abandoned, or the directors  decide that it is not commercial, any accumulated 
acquisition costs in respect of that area are written off in the financial period the decision is made.  Each area 
of  interest  is  also  reviewed  at  the  end  of  each  accounting  period  and  accumulated  costs  written  off  to  the 
extent that they will not be recoverable in the future. 

Amortisation is not charged on costs carried forward in respect of areas of interest in the development phase 
until production commences.   

Page 32 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Exploration  and  evaluation  assets  are  transferred  to  Development  Assets  once  technical  feasibility  and 
commercial viability of an area of interest is demonstrable.  Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for 
impairment and any impairment loss is recognised prior to being reclassified. 

The  carrying  amount  of  the  exploration  and  evaluation  assets  is  dependent  on  successful  development  and 
commercial exploitation, or alternatively, sale of the respective area of interest. 

Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for impairment if sufficient data exists to determine technical 
feasibility and commercial viability or facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount exceeds the 
recoverable amount. 

Exploration and evaluation assets are tested for impairment when any of the following facts and circumstances 
exist: 

  The term of exploration license in the specific area of interest has expired during the reporting period 

or will expire in the near future and is not expected to be renewed; 

  Substantive  expenditures  on  further  exploration  for  and  evaluation  of  mineral  resources  in  the 

specific area are not budgeted nor planned; 

  Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources in the specific area has not led to the discovery of 
commercially viable quantities of mineral resources and the decision was made to discontinue such 
activities in the specified area; or 

  Sufficient data exists to indicate that although a development in the specific area is likely to proceed, 
the carrying amount of the exploration and evaluation asset is unlikely to be recovered in full from 
successful development or by sale. 

Where a potential impairment is indicated, an assessment is performed for each cash-generating unit which is 
no  larger  than  the  area  of  interest.    The  Group  performs  impairment  testing  in  accordance  with  Accounting 
Policy 5(g)(ii). 

Farm-out Arrangements 

Arrangements  whereby  an  external  party  earns  an  ownership  interest  in  an  exploration  or  development 
property via the sole-funding of a specified exploration, evaluation or development programme or by injection 
of funds to be utilised for such a programme will be accounted so that the Group recognises its share of assets, 
liabilities and equity associated with the property.  Any gain or loss upon initial recognition of these items will 
be recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. 

(f)  Leases 

(i)  Determining Whether an Arrangement Contains a Lease 

At inception of an arrangement, the Group determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease. 

(ii)  Operating Lease Payments 

Payments made under operating leases are recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of 
the lease. Lease incentives received are recognised as an integral part of the total lease expense, over the term 
of the lease. 

(g)  Impairment  

(i)  Non- derivative Financial Assets 

Financial  assets  not  classified  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  are  assessed  at  each  reporting  date  to 
determine  whether  there  is  objective  evidence  of  impairment.    A  financial  asset  is  impaired  if  objective 
evidence  indicates  that  a  loss  event  has  occurred  after  the  initial  recognition  of  the  asset,  and  that  the  loss 
event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that can be estimated reliably. 

For Financial Assets measured at amortised cost the Group considers evidence of impairment for receivables 
at  both  a  specific  asset  and  collective  level.  All  individually  significant  receivables  are  assessed  for  specific 
impairment. All individually significant receivables  found not to be  specifically impaired are then  collectively 
assessed for any impairment that has been incurred but not yet identified.  

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Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortised cost is calculated as the difference 
between  its  carrying  amount  and  the  present  value  of  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  discounted  at  the 
asset’s  original  effective  interest  rate.  Losses  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  and  reflected  in  an  allowance 
account against receivables. Interest on the impaired asset continues to be recognised through the unwinding 
of the discount. When a subsequent event causes the amount of impairment loss to decrease, the decrease in 
impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss. 

(ii)  Non- financial Assets 

The carrying amounts of the Group’s non-financial assets, other than deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each 
reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment.  If any such indication exists, then 
the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.   

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is the greater of its value in use and its fair value 
less costs to sell.  In assessing value in use, the  estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present 
value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and 
the risks specific to the asset.  For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually 
are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that 
are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets.  The group of assets is referred 
to as the Cash Generating Unit or CGU.    

The Group’s corporate assets do not generate separate cash inflows. If there is an indication that a corporate 
asset may be impaired, then the recoverable amount is determined for the CGU to which the corporate asset 
belongs. 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  if  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  or  its  CGU  exceeds  its  estimated 
recoverable  amount.    Impairment  losses  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss.    Impairment  losses  recognised  in 
respect of CGUs are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the units, and 
then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit (group of units) on a pro rata basis. 

In respect of assets, other than goodwill, impairment losses recognised in prior periods are assessed at each 
reporting  date  for  any  indications  that  the  loss  has  decreased  or  no  longer  exists.    An  impairment  loss  is 
reversed  if  there  has  been  a  change  in  the  estimates  used  to  determine  the  recoverable  amount.    An 
impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying 
amount  that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of  depreciation  or  amortisation,  if  no  impairment  loss  had 
been recognised. 

(h)  Employee Benefits 

(i)  Defined Contribution Plans 

A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions 
into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts.  Obligations for 
contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in profit or loss in 
the periods during which services are rendered by employees.     

(ii)  Other Long-term Employee Benefits 

The Group’s net obligation in respect of long-term employee benefits other than defined benefit plans is the 
amount  of  future  benefit  that  employees  have  earned  in  return  for  their  service  in  the  current  and  prior 
periods plus related on-costs; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value, and the fair value of 
any related assets is deducted.   

(iii)  Termination Benefits 

Termination  benefits  are  recognised  as  an  expense  when  the  Group  is  demonstrably  committed,  without 
realistic possibility of withdrawal, to a formal detailed plan to either terminate employment before the normal 
retirement  date,  or  to  provide  termination  benefits  as  a  result  of  an  offer  made  to  encourage  voluntary 
redundancy.  Termination benefits for voluntary redundancies are recognised as an expense if the Group has 
made  an  offer  of  voluntary  redundancy,  it  is  probable  that  the  offer  will  be  accepted,  and  the  number  of 
acceptances  can  be  estimated  reliably.    If  benefits  are  payable  more  than  12  months  after  the  reporting 
period, then they are discounted to their present value. 

Page 34 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

(iv)  Short-term Benefits 

Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the 
amount expected to be paid if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a 
result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably. 

(v)  Share-based Payment Transactions 

The fair value of share-based payment awards granted to employees is recognised as an expense at grant date 
with a corresponding increase in equity, over the period that employees become entitled to the awards.  The 
amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number of awards  for  which the related service 
and non-market vesting conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount ultimately recognised as an 
expense  is  based  on  the  number  of  awards  that  meet  the  related  service  and  non-market  performance 
conditions at the vesting date.  For share-based payment awards with non-market conditions, the grant date 
fair  value  of  the  share-based  payment  is  measured  to  reflect  such  conditions  and  there  is  no  true-up  for 
differences between expected and actual outcomes. 

Share-based payment arrangements in which the Group receives goods or services as consideration for its own 
equity instruments are accounted for as equity-settled share-based payment transactions, regardless of how 
the equity instruments are obtained by the Group. 

When the Company grants options over its shares to employees of subsidiaries, the fair value at grant date is 
recognised as an increase in the investments in subsidiaries, with a corresponding increase in equity over the 
vesting period of the grant. 

(i)  Provisions 

A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation 
that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle 
the obligation.  Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that 
reflects  current  market  assessments  of  the  time  value  of  money  and  the  risks  specific  to  the  liability.    The 
unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost. 

(j)  Revenue 

Revenue  is  measured  at  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  received  or  receivable,  net  of  returns,  trade 
allowances and duties and taxes paid.  Interest revenue is recognised using the effective interest method. 

Revenue is recognised when persuasive evidence exists, usually in the form of an executed sales agreement, 
that  the  significant  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  have  been  transferred  to  the  buyer,  recovery  of  the 
consideration is probable, the associated costs and possible return of the sold item can be estimated reliably, 
there  is  no  continuing  management  involvement  with  the  sold  item,  and  the  amount  of  revenue  can  be 
measured reliably.  If it is probable that discounts will be granted and the amount can be measured reliably, 
then the discount is recognised as a reduction of revenue as the sales are recognised. 

(k)  Finance Income and Finance Costs 

Finance  income  comprises  interest  income  on  funds  invested  (including  available-for-sale  financial  assets), 
dividend  income,  gains  on  the  disposal  of  available-for-sale  financial  assets,  changes  in  the  fair  value  of 
financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss,  and  gains  on  hedging  instruments  that  are  recognised  in 
profit or loss.  Interest income is recognised as it accrues in profit or loss, using the effective interest method.  
Dividend  income  is  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  on  the  date  that  the  Group’s  right  to  receive  payment  is 
established, which in the case of quoted securities is the ex-dividend date.  

Finance  costs  comprise  interest  expense  on  borrowings,  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  financial  assets  at  fair 
value through profit or loss and losses on hedging instruments that are recognised in profit or loss.  Borrowing 
costs that are not directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are 
recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.   

Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis. 

Page 35 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

(l) 

Income Tax 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax.  Current and deferred tax  is recognised in profit or 
loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in 
other comprehensive income. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates 
enacted  or  substantively  enacted  at  the  reporting  date  and  any  adjustment  to  tax  payable  in  respect  of 
previous years. 

Deferred  tax  is  recognised  in  respect  of  temporary  differences  between  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. 

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they 
reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.  Deferred 
tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  if  there  is  a  legally  enforceable  right  to  offset  current  tax  liabilities  and 
assets,  and  they  relate  to  income  taxes  levied  by  the  same  tax  authority  on  the  same  taxable  entity,  or  on 
different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets 
and liabilities will be realised simultaneously. 

A deferred tax asset is recognised for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences, to 
the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that  future  taxable  profits  will  be  available  against  which  they  can  be  utilised.  
Deferred  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  and  are  reduced  to  the  extent  that  it  is  no  longer 
probable that the related tax benefit will be realised. 

(m) Goods and Services Tax and Equivalent Indirect Taxes 

Revenue,  expenses  and  assets  are  recognised  net  of  the  amount  of  goods  and  services  tax  (GST)  and 
equivalent  indirect  taxes,  except  where  the  amount  of  tax  incurred  is  not  recoverable  from  the  taxation 
authority.  In these circumstances, the tax is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part 
of the expense. Receivables and payables are stated with the amount of tax included.  The net amount of tax 
recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as a current asset or liability in the balance 
sheet. 

Cash flows are included in the statement of cash flows on a gross basis.   The tax  components of cash flows 
arising from investing and financing activities which are recoverable from, or payable to, the tax authority are 
classified as operating cash flows. 

(n)  Earnings per Share 

The  Group  presents  basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share  (EPS)  data  for  its  ordinary  shares.    Basic  EPS  is 
calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of the Company by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the 
profit  or  loss  attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  and  the  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares 
outstanding  for  the  effects  of  all  dilutive  potential  ordinary  shares,  which  comprise  listed  options  and  share 
options granted to employees. 

(o)  Segment Reporting 

An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it may earn 
revenues  and  incur  expenses,  including  revenues  and  expenses  that  relate  to  transactions  with  any  of  the 
Group’s  other  components.  All  operating  segments’  operating  results  are  regularly  reviewed  by  the  Group’s 
Managing  Director  (‘MD’)  to  make  decisions  about  resources  to  be  allocated  to  the  segment  and  assess  its 
performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. 

Segment results that are reported to the MD include items directly attributable to a segment as well as those 
that  can  be  allocated  on  a  reasonable  basis.    Unallocated  items  comprise  minimal,  not  material  corporate 
assets  (primarily  the  Group’s  headquarters),  head  office  expenses,  and  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities. 
Segment  capital  expenditure  is  the  total  cost  incurred  during  the  period  to  acquire  property,  plant  and 
equipment, and intangible assets other than goodwill. 

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Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

(p)  Changes in accounting policies  
The Group has adopted the following amendment to standards, including any consequential amendments to 
other standards, with a date of initial application of 1 January 2016. AASB 2014-3 Amendments to Australian 
Accounting  Standards  –  Accounting  for  Acquisitions  of  Interests  in  Joint  Operations  ,  2014-4  Clarification  of 
Acceptable  Methods  of  Depreciation  and  Amortisation  and  2014-9  Amendments  to  Australian  Accounting 
Standards – Equity Method in Separate Financial Statements. The adoption of these amendments has had no 
material impact on the Group’s financial statements.  

(q)  New Standards and Interpretations Not Yet Adopted 

The  following standards, amendments to  standards and interpretations have been identified as those which 
may  impact  the  entity  in  the  period  of  initial  application.    They  may  be  available  for  early  adoption  at  31 
December 2016, but have not been applied in preparing this financial report. 

AASB 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers 

AASB 15 establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much, and when revenue is 
recognised.  It  replaces  existing  revenue  recognition  guidance,  including  IAS  18  Revenue  and  IAS  11 
Construction Contracts. AASB 15 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018, 
with early adoption permitted. The Group has not yet determined the extent of the impact of this standard. 

AASB 16 Leases 

AASB  16  removes  the  classification  of  leases  as  either  operating  or  financing  leases  –  for  the  lessee  – 
effectively  treating  all  leases  as  financial  leases.  Short  term  leases  (less  than  12  months)  and  leases  of  low 
value  assets  are  exempt  from  the  lease  accounting  requirements.  Furthermore,  there  are  changes  in 
accounting over the life of the lease as a front-loaded pattern of expense will be recognised for most leases, 
even when a constant annual rental is paid. Lessor accounting remains similar to current practice. AASB 16 is 
effective  for  periods  commencing  1  July  2019,  with  early  adoption  permitted.  The  Group  has  not  yet 
determined the extent of the impact of this standard. 

AASB 9 Financial Instruments 

AASB 9, published in July 2014, replaces the existing guidance in IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and 
Measurement.  AASB  9  includes  revised  guidance  on  the  classification  and  measurement  of  financial 
instruments, a new expected credit loss model for calculating impairment on financial assets, and new general 
hedge  accounting  requirements.  It  also  carries  forward  the  guidance  on  recognition  and  de-recognition  of 
financial  instruments  from  IAS  39.  AASB  9  is  effective  for  annual  reporting  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1 
January 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Group has not yet determined the extent of the impact of 
this standard. 

Note 6. Operating Segments  

The  Group  operates  in  the  mineral  exploration  industry.  For  management  purposes  the  Group  is  organised 
into one main operating segment which involves the exploration of minerals. All of the Group’s activities are 
interrelated and financial information is reported to the Managing Director (Chief Operating Decision Maker) 
as a single segment. Accordingly, all significant operating decisions are based upon an analysis on the Group as 
one  segment.  The  financial  results  and  financial  position  from  this  segment  are  largely  equivalent  to  the 
financial statements of the Group as a whole. 

Geographical Segment Information 
Brazil 
Australia 
Total 

2016 
Non-current 
Assets 
$ 
3,331,346 
26,631 
3,357,977 

2015 
Non-current 
Assets 
$ 
3,307,533 
105,334 
3,412,867 

The 2015 comparative figures have been reclassified to be consistent with 2016. 

Page 37 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 7. Other Income 

Cost reimbursement from Joint Venture partner 
Profit on sale of property plant and equipment 
Grant of future lease of mineral rights (net of land access payments) 
Gain on sale of investments 
Total 

31 December 
2016 
$ 
129,914 
12,179 
- 
- 
142,093 

31 December 
2015 
$ 

- 
- 
1,340,355 
4,960 
1,345,315 

The  grant  of  future  lease  of  mineral  rights  in  the  prior  year  relates  to  the  lease  of  mineral  rights  over  the 
Candonga project of $1,467,500. The proceeds have been offset by land access payments totalling $127,145 
that have been written off. As at 31 December 2015, R$2,000,000 (~A$745,500) of the sale proceeds had been 
received with a further R$2,000,000 (~A$722,000) received during the 2016 year.  

Note 8. Employee Benefits Expense 

Salaries, fees and other benefits 
Superannuation 
Recognised in exploration expenditure expense 
Total 

Note 9. Depreciation 

Depreciation 
Recognised in exploration expenditure expense 
Total 

Note 10. Finance Income and Expense 

Finance income 

Interest income on bank deposits 

Finance expense 

Net foreign exchange loss 
Interest expense 

Net finance income recognised in profit or loss 

Note 11. Share-based Payments 

Employee Share Option Plan 

31 December 
2016 
$ 
1,100,494 
44,697 
(433,837) 
711,354 

31 December 
2015 
$ 
2,283,438 
189,945 
(1,210,925) 
1,262,458 

31 December 
2016 
$ 

52,659 
(21,971) 
30,688 

31 December 
2015 
$ 
125,068 
(31,711) 
93,357 

31 December 
2016 
$ 

31 December 
2015 
$ 

43,076 
43,076 

(451) 
(41) 
(492) 
42,584 

39,907 
39,907 

(17,030) 
(130) 
(17,160) 
22,747 

The Employee Share Option Plan (“ESOP”) was approved by shareholders at the 2016 Annual General Meeting.  
All employees (including directors) are eligible to participate in the ESOP.  Options granted carry no dividend or 
voting rights.  When exercisable, each option is converted into one ordinary share of the Company with full 
dividend  and  voting  rights.  During  the  reporting  period  there  were  22,500,000  options  issued  to  Employees 
and a Consultant under the ESOP (2015: nil). 

Page 38 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Reconciliation of Outstanding Share Options  
The number and weighted average exercise prices of share options issued under the employee share option 
plan are as follows: 

Outstanding at start of period 
Forfeited during the period 
Expired during the period 
Issued during the period 
Outstanding at balance date 
Exercisable at balance date 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price 
2016 
$0.1250 
- 
- 
$0.0082 
$0.0177 
$0.0262 

Number of 
Options 
2016 
2,000,000 
- 
- 
22,500,000 
24,500,000 
6,500,000 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price  
2015 
$0.248 
$0.125 
$0.818 
- 
$0.125 
$0.125 

Number of 
Options 
2015 
3,650,000 
(1,000,000) 
(650,000) 
- 
2,000,000 
500,000 

The options outstanding at 31 December 2016 have exercise prices of either $0.082 or $0.125 (2015: $0.125) 
and the weighted average remaining contractual life is 2.5 years (2015: 2.67 years).  

There  were  no  ESOP  options  exercised  during  the  year  (2015:  nil).  There  were  22,500,000  options  issued 
during the year (2015: Nil). Details of the ESOP options issued during the year are as follows. 

Grant Date 

Number of Options 

Vesting Conditions 

Option Term 

Directors  
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
Sub total 

Employees & Consultants 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 
Sub total 
Total 

4,000,000 
6,250,000 
6,250,000 
16,500,000 

1,500,000 
2,250,000 
2,250,000 
6,000,000 
22,500,000 

See note 1 
See note 2 
See note 3 

24 months 
36 months 
48 months 

See note 1 
See note 2 
See note 3 

24 months 
36 months 
48 months 

Note 1: Options vest immediately 
Note 2: Options vest 12 months from the date of issue subject to continued employment.  
Note 3: Options vest 24 months from the date of issue subject to continued employment. 

Inputs for Measurement of Grant Date Fair Values 

The model inputs for options issued in 2016 include: 

Grant Date 

Expiry Date 

Exercise 
Price 

Life of 
option 

Share 
price at 
grant date 

10/06/16 
10/06/16 
10/06/16 

10/06/18 
10/06/19 
10/06/20 

$0.0082 
$0.0082 
$0.0082 

2 years 
3 years 
4 years 

$0.005 
$0.005 
$0.005 

Expenses Arising From Share based Payment Transactions 

Share options 
Performance rights 
Total expense/(reversal) recognised as share based payment 

Expected 
share 
price 
volatility 
100% 
100% 
100% 

Risk-free 
interest 
rate 

Fair Value 
at grant 
date 

1.67% 
1.75% 
1.82% 

$0.0020 
$0.0026 
$0.0031 

2016 
$ 

48,176 
- 
48,176 

2015 
$ 

(63,604) 
(340,811) 
(404,415) 

Page 39 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

During the year ended 31 December 2015 a number of options and performance rights were forfeited due to 
failure to meet vesting conditions. Share based payment expenses in relation to the options and performance 
rights were reversed in 2015.  

Note 12. Income Tax 

(a)  Numerical Reconciliation of Income Tax Expense to Prima Facie Tax Payable 

Loss from continuing operations before income tax expense 
Tax at the Australian tax rate of 30% 
Tax  effect  of  amounts  which  are  not  deductible/(taxable) 
calculating taxable income: 
Overseas project generation and review costs 
Share-based payments 
Sundry items 

in 

Effect of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions 
Under provision from prior year 
Utilisation of carry forward losses - Note 12 (a)(i) 
Deferred tax assets not recognised 
Income tax benefit, being deferred tax 

2016 

$ 

2015 

$ 

(3,318,902) 
(995,671) 

(3,704,222) 
(1,111,267) 

89,746 
14,453 
148,906 
(742,566) 
(308,391) 
260,833 
758,003 
790,124 
758,003 

128,168 
(121,325) 
5,233 
(1,099,191) 
(77,031) 
(36,175) 
- 
1,215,753 
3,356 

(i) 

During the year the Company was able to clarify its position in relation to a potential employment tax liability in Brazil which was 
previously recorded as a Provision. The recent gazettal of an administrative tax relief program in Brazil has resulted in the Company 
forming a more definitive view of its position in respect of this potential liability which in turn has seen the Company able to utilise 
some  of  its  existing  tax  losses  to  offset  the  assessed  liability.  This  has  resulted  in  the  Group  recognising  an  income  tax  benefit 
through the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss.   

(b)  Tax Losses 

Tax losses 
Potential tax benefit (between 30-34%) 

2016 
$ 

62,657,152 
19,769,836 

2015 
$ 

52,094,058 
16,298,234 

The  tax  losses  do  not  expire  under  current  tax  legislation.    Deferred  tax  assets  have  not  been  recognised  in 
respect of  remaining tax  losses because it is not probable that future taxable profit  will be available against 
which the Group can utilise the benefit. 

(c)  Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities 

The following deferred tax balances have not been recognised: 

Deferred Tax Assets 
Exploration expenditure 
Accrued expenses/provisions 
Transaction costs relating to issue of capital 
Tax losses carried forward (net of tax losses utilised) – Note 12 (a)(i) 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

8,773,191 
3,571,814 
150,991 
19,769,836 
32,265,832 

8,771,844 
6,302,785 
122,691 
16,298,234 
31,495,554 

Page 40 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

(c) 

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (cont) 

 The tax benefits of the above deferred tax assets will only be obtained if: 

a)  The Company derives future assessable income of a nature and of an amount sufficient to enable the 

benefit to be utilized; 

b)  The Company continues to comply with the conditions for the deductibility imposed by law; and  
c)  No changes in income tax legislation adversely affect the Company in utilising the benefits.  

Deferred Tax Liability 
Accrued Interest income 
Available for sale financial assets 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

926 
6,183 
7,109 

- 
26,955 
26,955 

The  above  deferred  tax  liabilities  have  not  been  recognised  as  they  have  given  rise  to  the  carry  forward 
revenue losses for which the deferred tax asset has not been recognised. 

Income Tax Recognised Directly in Equity 

Recovery of net tax assets is not considered probable. Accordingly, net deferred tax credited directly to other 
comprehensive income for changes in the fair value of available-for-sale financial assets is nil: (2015: $nil). 

Note 13. Dividends 

There were no dividends paid or declared during the period (2015: nil). 

Note 14. Earnings/(Loss) Per Share 

Basic Loss per Share  

The  calculation  of  basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share  at  31  December  2016  was  based  on  the  loss 
attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  of  $2,560,899  (2015:  $3,700,866)  and  a  weighted  average  number  of 
ordinary shares outstanding of 658,312,429 (2015: 441,026,957), calculated as follows: 

Loss Attributable to Ordinary Shareholders 

Loss attributable to the shareholders 

Weighted Average Number of Ordinary Shares 

Issued ordinary shares at beginning of the period 
Effect of shares issued 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares at the end of the period 

Diluted Earnings per Share 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

(2,560,899) 

(3,700,866) 

2016 
Number 
521,463,429 
136,849,000 
658,312,429 

2015 
Number 
239,987,919 
201,039,038 
441,026,957 

Potential ordinary shares were not considered to be dilutive as the Group made a loss for the year ended 31 
December 2016 and the exercise of potential shares would not increase that loss. 

Page 41 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 15 (a). Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash at bank and on hand 

Deposits - short term 

Deposits 

2016 

$ 

105,816 

1,785,551 

1,891,367 

2015 

$ 

478,291 

63,580 

541,871 

The deposits are bearing floating and fixed interest rates between 2.35% and 13.2% (2015: between 2.0% and 
13.97%). 

Note 15 (b). Reconciliation of Cash Flows from Operating Activities 

Loss for the period 
Adjustments for: 
Depreciation 
Non-cash employee benefits expense/(reversal) – share based 
payments 
Impairment losses 

Exploration and evaluation assets 
Available-for-sale financial assets 
Other receivables 

Shares issued in lieu of remuneration  
Change in fair value of derivative instruments 
Gain on grant of future lease of mineral rights 
Gain on sale of investments 
(Profit)/loss on sale of plant and equipment 
Income tax expense/(benefit) 
Operating loss before changes in working capital and provisions 

Change in other receivables 
Change in trade creditors and provisions 
Net cash used in operating activities 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

(2,560,899) 

(3,700,866) 

52,659 

125,068 

48,176 

(404,415) 

464,646 
- 
21,160 
46,085 
69,243 
- 
- 
(12,179) 
(758,003) 
(2,629,112) 

(114,506) 
630,148 
(2,113,470) 

101,389 
(35,556) 
879,180 
- 
(50,554) 
(1,340,355) 
(4,960) 
93,172 
(3,356) 
(4,341,251) 

893,055 
(117,927) 
(3,566,123) 

Page 42 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 16. Other Receivables and Prepayments 

Current 
Receivable from grant of future lease of mineral rights 
Other Receivables 
Security deposits 
Prepayments 

Non – Current 
Prepayments 
Other Receivables 
Provision for impairment 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

- 
176,936 
30,133 
62,796 
269,865 

210,080 
964,934 
(964,934) 
210,080 

691,000 
77,012 
30,133 
48,214 
846,359 

210,300 
764,762 
(764,762) 
210,300 

Non-current  other  receivables  include  Brazilian  federal  VAT  (“PIS-Cofins”)  levied  on  the  Groups  purchases. 
Recoverability  of  PIS-Cofins  assets  is  dependent  upon  the  Group  generating  a  federal  company  tax  liability, 
which  may  be  offset  against  the  Groups  PIS-Cofins  assets  if  the  Group  elects  to  do  so.  As  at  balance  date 
taxable profits in the ordinary course of business are not considered probable though one off taxable profits 
may be generated on specific transactions. As at 31 December 2016 no such transactions have been entered 
into.  As  such  the  Group  has  determined  to  fully  impair  the  value  of  its  PIS-Cofins  tax  asset.  An  impairment 
expense of $21,160 was recognised in profit and loss in 2016 (2015: $879,180). Information about the Group’s 
exposure to credit and market risk and impairment losses for other receivables is included in Note 25(c). 

Note 17. Other Investments, Including Derivatives 

Derivative instruments (1) 

2016 
$ 

20,609 
20,609 

2015 
$ 

89,851 
89,851 

(1)  Consists of unlisted options in ASX listed entities.  The fair value of the unlisted options is determined 
using  the  Black-Scholes  methodology  taking  into  account  the  terms  and  conditions  upon  which  the 
instruments were granted. 

Page 43 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 18. Property, Plant and Equipment 

Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2016 
Additions 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance at 31 December 2016 

Balance at 1 January 2015 
Additions 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance at 31 December 2015 

Depreciation  
Balance at 1 January 2016 
Depreciation for the year 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance at 31 December 2016 

Balance at 1 January 2015 
Depreciation for the year 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance at 31 December 2015 

Carrying amounts 
At 1 January 2016 
At 31 December 2016 

At 1 January 2015 
At 31 December 2015 

Plant & 
Equipment 
$ 

Land 
$ 

Total 
$ 

881,102 
4,386 
(166,845) 
84,372 
803,015 

1,587,609 
9,451 
(521,940) 
(194,018) 
881,102 

674,747 
52,659 
(103,051) 
53,383 
677,738 

839,104 
125,068 
(193,703) 
(95,722) 
674,747 

206,355 
125,277 

748,505 
206,355 

244,012 
- 
- 
56,639 
300,651 

322,101 
- 
- 
(78,089) 
244,012 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

244,012 
300,651 

322,101 
244,012 

1,125,114 
4,386 
(166,845) 
141,011 
1,103,666 

1,909,710 
9,451 
(521,940) 
(272,107) 
1,125,114 

674,747 
52,659 
(103,051) 
53,383 
677,738 

839,104 
125,068 
(193,703) 
(95,722) 
674,747 

450,367 
425,928 

1,070,606 
450,367 

Page 44 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 19. Exploration and Evaluation Assets 

Opening net book value   
Additions 
Impairment of capitalised exploration expenditure 
Effect of movements in exchange rate 

2016 
$ 

2,662,349 
- 
(464,646) 
503,657 
2,701,360 

2015 
$ 

3,073,386 
418,513 
(101,389) 
(728,161) 
2,662,349 

During the reporting period the Group recognised an impairment loss on the carrying value of its Itambe and 
Mombuca projects. The projects were assessed for impairment following results of the drilling program during 
the year. Whilst the Group retain tenure to these areas, no further evaluation work is planned and accordingly 
the recoverable amounts for AASB 6 has been assessed as nil.  

The  ultimate  recoupment  of  exploration  and  evaluation  expenditure  carried  forward  is  dependent  on 
successful development and commercial exploitation or, alternatively, sale of the respective project areas. 

Note 20. Trade and Other Payables 

Current 
Trade and other creditors 
Accrued expenses 

Non Current 
Trade and other creditors 

Note 21. Employee Benefits 

Current 
Liability for annual leave 

Non-Current 
Liability for long service leave 

Note 22. Provisions 

Balance at beginning of the period 
Provisions made during the year 
Provisions used during the year 
Provisions transferred to payables 
Effect of movements in exchange rate 
Balance at end of the period 
Current 
Non-Current 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

273,457 
136,310 
409,767 

136,057 
545,824 

218,484 
16,698 
235,182 

- 
235,182 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

139,066 

126,103 

83,030 

46,217 

2016 
$ 
519,265 
- 
(7,776) 
(511,489) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

2015 
$ 
450,554 
205,245 
- 
- 
(136,534) 
519,265 
7,776 
511,489 
519,265 

Page 45 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 23. Capital and Reserves 

On issue at beginning of period 
Issue of ordinary shares for share placements(1) 
Issue of ordinary shares for entitlements issue at $0.005 per share 
Issue of ordinary shares for share placement fee at $0.005 per share 
Issue of ordinary shares in lieu of remuneration at various prices 
Issue of ordinary shares for entitlements issue at $0.025 per share 
Issue of ordinary shares on listed option conversion at $0.05 per 
share 
Issue of ordinary shares for share purchase plan at $0.0059 per share 
Issue of ordinary shares for mineral asset acquisition 
On issue at the end of the period – Fully paid 

2016 
Number of  
Shares 

521,463,429 
180,000,000 
402,467,414 
10,000,000 
9,315,594 
- 
- 

2015 
Number of  
Shares 
239,987,919 
129,298,305 
- 
- 
12,803,542 
7,715,251 
4,333 

- 
- 
1,123,246,437 

85,152,603 
46,501,476 
521,463,429 

(1) During the reporting period the Company undertook two share placements both at $0.005 per share for the issue of a 
total of 180,000,000 shares. During the year ended 31 December 2015 three share placements issuing 44,200,000 shares at 
$0.025 per share, 51,200,000 shares at $0.006 per share and 33,898,305 shares at $0.0059 per share we undertaken. 

Ordinary Shares 

Ordinary shares entitle the holder to participate in dividends and the proceeds on winding up of the Company 
in  proportion  to  the  number  of  and  amounts  paid  on  the  shares  held.  On  a  show  of  hands  every  holder  of 
ordinary shares present at a meeting in person or by proxy, is entitled to one vote, and upon a poll each share 
is entitled to one vote. 

Employee Share Options and Performance Rights 

Information  relating  to  the  Employee  Share  Option  Plan  and  Performance  Share  Plan,  including  details  of 
options  and  rights  issued,  exercised  or  lapsed  during  the  financial  year  and  outstanding  at  the  end  of  the 
financial year are set out in Note 11. 

Listed Options 

In addition to the unissued shares under options disclosed in Note 11, the Company issued 226,233,707 listed 
options (ASX: CTMOA) (2015: 20,304,999 – ASX: CTMO) with an exercise price of $0.01 (2015: $0.05) and an 
expiry  date  of  30  April  2018  (2015:  31  March  2017).  As  at  31  December  2016,  246,534,373  listed  options 
remain unexercised. 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

$0.05 
$0.01 
- 
$0.013 

2016 
Number of  
Listed 
Options 
20,300,666 
226,233,707 
- 
246,534,373 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

- 
$0.05 
$0.05 
$0.05 

2015 
Number of  
Listed 
Options 

- 
20,304,999 
(4,333) 
20,300,666 

On issue at beginning of period 
Options granted 
Options exercised 
On issue at the end of the period  

Nature and purpose of reserves 

Share-based Payments Reserve 

The share-based payments reserve is used to recognise the fair value of options and performance rights issued 
but  not  exercised.  During  the  year  ended  31  December  2015  the  expired  portion  of  this  reserve  was 
transferred to accumulated losses. 

Page 46 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Translation Reserve 

The translation reserve comprises all foreign currency differences arising from the translation of the financial 
statements  of  foreign  operations,  as  well  as  from  the  translation  of  liabilities  that  hedge  the  Group’s  net 
investment in a foreign subsidiary. 

Note 24. Related Parties 

(a)  Key Management Personnel 

(i)  Key management personnel compensation is comprised of the following: 

Short term employee-benefits 
Shares issued in lieu of remuneration 
Long term employee benefits 
Post–employment benefits 
Share-based payments expense/(reversals) 

31 December 
2016 
$ 
524,003 
28,000 
7,326 
19,308 
31,293 
609,930 

31 December 
2015 
$ 
664,338 
37,500 
(7,043) 
29,919 
(196,726) 
527,988 

Individual Directors and Executives Compensation Disclosures 

Information regarding individual directors’ and executives’ compensation and equity instruments disclosures 
as  required  by  Corporations  Regulation  2M.3.03  is  provided  in  the  Remuneration  Report  section  of  the 
Directors’ Report. 

Key Management Personnel and Director Transactions 

One of the key management personnel, or their related parties, hold positions in other entities that result in 
them having control or significant influence over the financial or operating policies of these entities. 

One  of  these  entities  transacted  with  the  Group  in  the  reporting  period.    The  terms  and  conditions  of  the 
transactions with key management personnel and their related parties were no more favourable than those 
available,  or  which  might  reasonably  be  expected  to  be  available,  on  similar  transactions  to  non-key 
management personnel related entities on an arm’s length basis. 

The  aggregate  value  of  transactions  and  outstanding  balances  relating  to  key  management  personnel  and 
entities over which they have control or significant influence were as follows: 

Key Management Person 
Mr D M Murcia(1)
Total and current liabilities 

Transaction 
Legal fees 

Transaction Value 
2016 
2015 
$ 
$ 
77,917 
66,268 

Balance Outstanding As At 
31 Dec 2016 
31 Dec 2015 
$ 
$ 
17,174 
1,250 
17,174 
1,250 

(1)  Payable to MPH Lawyers, a firm in which Mr Murcia is a partner 

(b)  Transactions With Related Parties 

Transactions between the parent company and its subsidiaries which are related parties of that company are 
eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. 

Page 47 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 25. Financial Instruments – Fair Values and Risk Management 

(a)  Accounting Classifications and Fair Values 

The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities, including their levels in the fair value hierarchy.  It does not include 
fair value information for financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair value if the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value. 

31 December 2016 
Financial assets measured at fair 
value 
Derivative instruments (i) 

Financial assets not measured at 
fair value 
Trade and other receivables (ii) 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities not measured 
at fair value 
Trade and other payables 

Carrying amount 

Fair Value 

Note 

Held for 
Trading 

Loans and 
Receivables 

Available-
for-sale 

Other 
Financial 
Liabilities 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Total 

17 

16 
15 

20 

20,609 

20,609 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

207,069 
1,891,367 
2,098,436 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

20,609 

20,609 

- 

- 

20,609 

20,609 

- 

- 

20,609 

20,609 

207,069 
1,891,367 
2,098,436 

545,824 
545,824 

545,824 
545,824 

There have been no transfers of assets from Levels during the year ended 31 December 2016. 

(i) 
(ii) 

Valuation technique used in measuring Level 2 fair values is Black Scholes Option Pricing Model. 
The carrying amount of all receivables is considered to approximate fair value. 

Page 48 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

31 December 2015 

Financial assets measured at 
fair value 
Derivative instruments (i) 

Financial assets not measured 
at fair value 
Trade and other receivables (ii) 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities not 
measured at fair value 
Trade and other payables 

Carrying amount 

Fair Value 

Note 

Held for 
Trading 

Loans and 
Receivables 

Available-
for-sale 

Other 
Financial 
Liabilities 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Total 

17 

16 
15 

20 

89,851 

89,851 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

798,145 
541,871 
1,340,016 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

89,851 

89,851 

- 

- 

89,851 

89,851 

- 

89,851 

89,851 

798,145 
541,871 
1,340,016 

235,182 
235,182 

235,182 
235,182 

There have been no transfers of assets from Levels during the period ended 31 December 2015. 

(i) 
(ii) 

Valuation technique used in measuring Level 2 fair values is Black Scholes Option Pricing Model.  
The carrying amount of all receivables is deemed to approximate fair value. 

Page 49 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

(b)  Measurement of Fair Values 

The following table shows the valuation technique used in measuring Level 2 fair values as well as significant 
unobservable inputs used.  

Type 

Valuation Technique 

Derivative instruments 

Black-Scholes  

Significant 
Unobservable Inputs 
Volatility  

Inter-relationship Between 
Significant Unobservable 
Inputs and Fair Value 
Measurement 

The  estimated 
fair  value 
would  increase  /  (decrease) 
if  there  was  an  increase  / 
in  the  volatility 
(decrease) 
rate  used,  as  well  as 
movements in the underlying 
security price. 

(c)  Financial Risk Management 

The Group has exposure to the following risks arising from the use of financial instruments: 

  Credit Risk (see (c)(ii)) 
  Liquidity Risk (see (c)(iii)) 
  Market Risk (see (c)(iv)) 
  Currency Risk (see (c)(v)).  

This note presents information about the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, their objectives, policies 
and  processes  for  measuring  and  managing  risk,  and  their  management  of  capital.    Further  quantitative 
disclosures are included throughout these consolidated financial statements. 

(i)  Risk Management Framework 

The  Board  of  Directors  has  overall  responsibility  for  the  establishment  and  oversight  of  the  Group’s  risk 
management framework.   

Risk  management  policies  are  established  to  identify  and  analyse  the  risks  faced  by  the  Group,  to  set 
appropriate risk limits and controls, and to monitor risks and adherence to limits.  Risk  management policies 
and  systems  are  reviewed  regularly  to  reflect  changes  in  market  conditions  and  the  Group’s  activities.    The 
Group,  through  its  training  and  management  standards  and  procedures,  aims  to  develop  a  disciplined  and 
constructive control environment in which all employees understand their role and obligations. 

(ii)  Credit Risk 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails 
to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Group’s other receivables and investment 
securities.  

Other Receivables  

The Group’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each counterparty.  
However,  management  also  considers  the  default  risk  of  the  industry  and  country  in  which  counterparties 
operate, as these factors may have an influence on credit risk. 

The  other  receivables  also  include  refundable  deposits  and  tax  credits  which  include  Brazilian  federal  VAT 
(“PIS-Cofins”).  The  recoverability  of  PIS-Cofins  assets  is  dependent  upon  the  Group  generating  a  federal 
company tax liability, which may be offset against the Groups PIS-Cofins assets. As at 31 December 2016, the 
PIS-Cofins  tax  asset  has  been  fully  impaired  as  taxable  profits  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business  are  not 
considered  probable  though  one  off  taxable  profits  may  be  generated  on  specific  transactions.  As  at  31 
December 2016 no such transactions have been entered into. 

Page 50 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Exposure to Credit Risk 

The  carrying  amount  of  the  Group’s  financial  assets  represents  the  maximum  credit  exposure.  The  Group’s 
maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date was: 

Cash and cash equivalents (i) 
Other receivables  

2016 
$ 
1,891,367 
198,277 
2,089,644 

2015 
$ 
541,871 
793,763 
1,335,634 

(i) 

The  cash  and  cash  equivalents  are  held  with  bank  and  financial  institution  counterparties,  which  are 
rated BBB to AA based on rating agency Standard and Poor’s rating. 

The Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk for other receivables at the reporting date by geographic region 
was: 

Australia 
Brazil 

Carrying Amount 

2016 
$ 

77,320 
120,957 
198,277 

2015 
$ 

30,133 
763,630 
793,763 

These balances are net of provision for impairment (refer to Note 16). 

(iii) Liquidity Risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with the 
financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. 

The Group’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient 
liquidity  to  meet  its  liabilities  when  due,  under  both  normal  and  stressed  conditions,  without  incurring 
unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group’s reputation. 

As at 31 December 2016, the Group has  current trade and other payables of $409,767 (31  December 2015: 
$235,182).  The Group believes it will have sufficient cash resources to meet its financial liabilities when due. 
Refer to Note 2 Going Concern. 

The  following  table  shows  the  contractual  maturities  of  financial  liabilities,  excluding  the  impact  of  netting 
agreements. It is not expected that the cash flows included in the maturity analysis could occur significantly 
earlier, or at significantly different amounts. 

31 December 2016 
Non- derivative financial 
liabilities 
Trade and other payables 

 31 December 2015 
Non- derivative financial 
liabilities 
Trade and other payables 

(iv)  Market Risk 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flows 

6 mths or 
less 

6-12 mths 

1-2 years 

545,824 

(545,824) 

(346,971) 

(62,796) 

(136,057) 

235,182 

(235,182) 

(235,182) 

- 

- 

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and equity 
prices  will  affect  the  Group’s  income  or  the  value  of  its  holdings  of  financial  instruments.  The  objective  of 
market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while 
optimising the return. 

Page 51 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

(v)  Currency Risk 

The  Group  is  exposed  to  currency  risk  on  purchases  that  are  denominated  in  currency  other  than  the 
respective functional currencies of the Group entities, primarily the Australian dollar (AUD) and Brazilian Real 
(BRL).  The currencies in which these transactions are primarily denominated are AUD and BRL. 

The  Group’s  investments  in  its  Brazilian  subsidiaries  are  denominated  in  AUD  and  are  not  hedged  as  those 
currency positions are considered to be long term in nature. 

Interest Rate Risk Profile 

At the reporting date the interest rate profile of the Group’s interest-bearing financial instruments was: 

Fixed rate instruments 
Financial assets 
Variable rate instruments 
Financial assets 
Trade and other payables 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

1,785,551 

105,816 
(251,198) 
1,640,169 

- 

541,871 
- 
541,871 

Fair Value Sensitivity Analysis For Fixed Rate Instruments  
The Group does not account for any fixed rate financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. Therefore, a 
change in interest rates at the reporting date would not affect profit or loss or equity.  

Cash Flow Sensitivity Analysis For Variable Rate Instruments 

A change of 100 basis points in interest rates at the reporting date would have increased/(decreased) equity 
and  profit  or  loss  by  the  amounts  shown  below.  This  analysis  assumes  that  all  other  variables,  in  particular 
foreign currency rates, remain constant. The analysis is performed on the same basis for 2015. 

31 December 2016 
Variable rate instruments 
Cash flow sensitivity (net) 
31 December 2015 
Variable rate instruments 
Cash flow sensitivity (net) 

Capital Management 

Profit or Loss 

Equity 

100bp 
Increase 

100bp 
Decrease 

100bp 
Increase 

100bp 
Decrease 

(1,453) 
(1,453) 

5,418 
5,418 

1,453 
1,453 

(5,418) 
(5,418) 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

The objectives for managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern and to 
provide  funding  for  the  Group’s  planned  exploration  activities.  Centaurus  Metals  Limited  is  an  exploration 
company and it is dependent on its ability to raise capital from the issue of new shares and its ability to realise 
value  from  its  exploration  and  evaluation  assets.    The  Board  is  responsible  for  capital  management.    This 
involves the use of cash flow forecasts to determine future capital management requirements.   

There were no changes in the Group’s approach to capital management during the period. 

Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries are subject to externally imposed capital requirements. 

Note 26. Contingent Liabilities 

Guarantees 

Guarantees given in respect  of bank security bonds amounting to $30,133  (2015:  $30,133),  secured by cash 
deposits lodged as security with the bank. 

No material losses are anticipated in respect of any of the above contingent liabilities. 

There are no other contingent liabilities that require disclosure. 

Page 52 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 27. Operating Leases 

Leases as Lessee 

The Group leases its Perth and Brazil offices under operating lease.  The leases run for a period of one to two 
years, with an option to renew the lease after that date.  

The Perth and Brazil office lease is a combined lease of land and buildings.  Since the land title does not pass, 
the  rent  paid  to  the  landlord  of  the  building  is  increased  to  market  rent  at  regular  intervals,  and  the  Group 
does not participate in the residual value of the building, it was determined that substantially all the risks and 
rewards of the building are with the landlord.  As such, the Group determined that the leases are operating 
leases. 

(i)  Future Minimum Lease Payments 

Non-cancellable operating lease rentals are payable as follows: 
Less than one year 
Between one and five years 
More than five years 

Note 28. Capital Commitments 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

58,857 
35,996 
- 
94,853 

109,631 
2,686 
- 
112,317 

During the period the Company entered into an agreement to acquire a 100% interest in the Serra Misteriosa 
Gold  Project  under  a  strategic  alliance  with  Terrativa  Minerais  SA.  Centaurus  will  earn  the  right  to  acquire 
100%  of  the  project  by  undertaking  R$2.5  million  (A$1  million)  of  expenditure  within  24  months.  Once 
Centaurus  has  met  the  minimum  expenditure  commitment,  it  will  have  the  right  to  acquire  100%  of  the 
project  tenements  through  the  issue  of  30  million  Centaurus  Metals  Limited  shares  and  a  2%  production 
royalty over future production from any of the project tenements. Concurrent with the issue of the ordinary 
shares will be 3 tranches of 30 million performance rights with the condition on each tranche being linked to 
the definition of a specified JORC Mineral Resource. 

During the year ended 31 December 2015 the Company secured a 100% interest in the Aurora Copper Project 
under  the  strategic  alliance  with  Terrativa  Minerais  SA.  Under  the  deal  structure  Centaurus  will  manage  all 
exploration activities on the project area and be required to spend a minimum of R$1 million (A$350,000) on 
exploration over an 18 month period ending 3 May 2017 to maintain 100% title to the Project. If Centaurus 
does not meet its minimum obligations within the required time period, its equity interest will revert to a 15% 
project interest. 

Note 29. Group Entities 

Parent Entity 
Centaurus Metals Limited 
Subsidiaries  
Centaurus Resources Pty Ltd 
San Greal Resources Pty Ltd 
Centaurus Brasil Mineração Ltda 
Centaurus Pesquisa Mineral Ltda 
Centaurus Gerenciamento Ltda 
Aliança Mineração Ltda 
Associates 
Nova Potash Pty Ltd 

Country of 
Incorporation 

Ownership interest 
2015 

2016 

Australia 
Australia 
Brazil 
Brazil 
Brazil 
Brazil 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

Australia 

50% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
- 

100% 

Page 53 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Note 30. Subsequent Events 

There has not arisen in the interval between the end of the financial year and the date of this report an item, 
transaction or event of a material and unusual nature likely, in the opinion of the directors of the Company, to 
affect significantly the operations of the Group, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of the 
Group, in future financial years. 

Note 31. Remuneration of Auditors 

Audit Services  
Audit and review of financial reports – KPMG 

Services other than statutory audit 
Auditors of the Company 
Taxation compliance services - KPMG 

Note 32. Parent Entity Disclosures 

31 December 
2016 
$ 

31 December 
2015 
$ 

45,066 

91,827 

25,385 

11,420 

As  at,  and  throughout,  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2016  the  parent  entity  of  the  Group  was 
Centaurus Metals Limited. 

Results of the Parent Entity 

Loss for the period (1) 
Other comprehensive loss 
Total comprehensive loss for the period 

Company 

31 December 
2016 
$ 

31 December 
2015 
$ 

(1,900,796) 
- 
(1,900,796) 

(4,908,137) 
(13,333) 
(4,921,470) 

(1) 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2016  the  parent  entity  provided  for  an  impairment  of  $700,000 
(2015:$2,700,000) relating to loans to subsidiaries based on an assessment of recoverability. 

Financial Position of the Parent Entity at Year End 

Current assets 
Non-current assets(1)
Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Non-current liabilities 
Total liabilities 
Net assets 

Share capital 
Reserves 
Accumulated losses 
Total equity 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

1,287,757 
3,771,817 
5,059,574 

268,469 
83,030 
351,499 
4,708,075 

513,586 
3,599,617 
4,113,203 

259,756 
46,217 
305,973 
3,807,230 

109,419,656 
110,551 
(104,822,132) 
4,708,075 

106,666,191 
62,375 
(102,921,336) 
3,807,230 

Page 54 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

(1) 

Included  within  non-current  assets  are  investments  in  and  loans  to  subsidiaries  net  of  provision  for  impairment. 
Ultimate recoupment is dependent on successful development and commercial exploitation or, alternatively, sale 
of the respective project areas. 

Parent Entity Contingencies 

The parent entity had no contingent liabilities as at 31 December 2016 (2015: nil). 

Parent Entity Capital Commitments 

The parent entity had no capital commitments at 31 December 2016 (2015: nil). 

Parent Entity Lease Commitments 

The parent entity has the following lease commitments: 

Leases as Lessee 

Non-cancellable operating lease rentals are payable as follows: 
Less than one year 
Between one and five years 
More than five years 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

50,681 
35,996 
- 
86,677 

54,473 
2,686 
- 
57,159 

Page 55 of 67 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016 

Directors’ Declaration 

1.

In the opinion of the directors of Centaurus Metals Limited (the “Company”):

(a) 

The consolidated financial statements and notes, and the Remuneration Report in the Directors’
Report are in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including: 

(i) 

(ii) 

Giving a true and fair view of the Group’s financial position as at 31 December 2016 and 
of its performance, for the financial year ended on that date; and 

Complying  with  Australian  Accounting  Standards  (including  the  Australian  Accounting 
Interpretations) and the Corporations Regulations 2001; 

(b) 

There are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and 
when they become due and payable; and 

2.

3.

The directors have been given the declarations required by section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001
from the Managing Director and the Chief Financial Officer for the financial year ended 31 December
2016. 

The financial report also complies with International Financial Reporting Standards as disclosed in Note
2.

Signed in accordance with a resolution of the directors. 

__________________ 
D P Gordon  
Managing Director 
Perth 
24 March 2017 

Page 56 of 67 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the shareholders of Centaurus Metals Limited 

Report on the audit of the Financial Report 

Opinion 

We have audited the Financial Report of 
Centaurus Metals Limited (the Company).  

In our opinion, the accompanying Financial Report 
of the Company is in accordance with the 
Corporations Act 2001, including  

•  giving a true and fair view of the Group’s 

financial position as at 31 December 2016 and 
of its financial performance for the year ended 
on that date; and 

• 

complying with Australian Accounting 
Standards and the Corporations Regulations 
2001. 

The Financial Report comprises: 

•  Consolidated statement of financial position as 

at 31 December 2016  

•  Consolidated statement of profit or loss, 

consolidated statement of changes in equity, 
and consolidated statement of cash flows for 
the year then ended 

•  Notes including a summary of significant 

accounting policies 

•  Directors’ Declaration.  

The Group consists of the Company and the 
entities it controlled at the year end or from time 
to time during the financial year. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. We believe that the audit 
evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the 
audit of the Financial Report section of our report.  

We are independent of the Group in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001 and the ethical 
requirements of the Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board’s APES 110 Code of Ethics for 
Professional Accountants (the Code) that are relevant to our audit of the Financial Report in Australia. We 
have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code. 

Material Uncertainty related to Going Concern 

We draw attention to Note 2, “Going Concern” in the financial report. The conditions disclosed in Note 
2, indicate a material uncertainty exists that may cast doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going 
concern and, therefore, whether it will realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course 
of business, and at the amounts stated in the financial report.  Our opinion is not modified in respect of 
this matter. 

In concluding there is a material uncertainty related to going concern we evaluated the extent of 
uncertainty regarding events or conditions casting significant doubt in the Group’s assessment of going 
concern.  Our approach to this involved:  

•  Assessing the Group’s cash flow forecasts for incorporation of the Group’s operations and plans to 

address going concern; 

KPMG, an Australian partnership and a member firm of the KPMG 
network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG 
International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. 

Liability limited by a scheme approved under 
Profession Standards Legislation. 

 
 
 
 
 
•  Evaluating the feasibility, quantum and timing of the Group’s plans to raise additional shareholder 

funds or potentially divest assets to address going concern; 

Determining the completeness of the Group’s going concern disclosures for the principle matters casting 
significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, the Group’s plans to address 
these matters, and the material uncertainty. 

Key Audit Matters 

In addition to the matter described in the Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern section, we 
have determined the matter described below to be the Key Audit Matter to be communicated in our 
report 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our 
audit of the Financial Report of the current period.  

This matter was addressed in the context of our audit of the Financial Report as a whole, and in forming 
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on this matter. 

Capitalised Exploration and Evaluation (“E&E”) assets $2,701,360 

Refer to Note 19 to the financial report 

The key audit matter 

How the matter was addressed in our audit 

The Company’s accounting policy in respect of 
Exploration and evaluation expenditure capitalised 
(E&E) is set out in Note 4(e) to the financial report. 
Principally, only acquisition costs in relation to an 
area of interest are capitalised less any impairment 
charges recognised. E&E is a key audit matter due 
to:   

• 

• 

the significance of the balance (being 49% of 
total assets); and 

the greater level of audit effort to evaluate 
management’s application of the requirements 
of the industry specific accounting standard 
AASB 6 Exploration for and Evaluation of 
Mineral Resources, in particular the presence 
of impairment indicators.  The presence of 
impairment indicators would necessitate a 
detailed analysis by management of the value 
of E&E, therefore given the criticality of this to 
the scope and depth of our work, we involved 
senior team members to challenge 
management’s determination that no such 
indicators existed.  

In assessing the presence of impairment 
indicators, we focused on those that may draw 
into question the commercial continuation of E&E 
activities for Jambreiro where significant carrying 
value of E&E exists. We paid particular attention to: 

Our audit procedures included, amongst others: 

•  Evaluating the Group’s accounting policy to 

recognise exploration and evaluation assets to 
the criteria in the accounting standard; 

•  We assessed management’s determination of 
its areas of interest for consistency with the 
definition in the accounting standard.  

•  For each area of interest, we assessed the 

Group’s current rights to tenure by 
corroborating the ownership of the relevant 
license for mineral resources or reserves to 
government registries and evaluating 
agreements in place with other parties.  We 
also tested for compliance with conditions,  
such as minimum expenditure requirements, 
on a sample of licenses; 

•  We tested the Group’s additions to E&E for 
the year by evaluating a statistical sample of 
recorded expenditure for consistency to 
underlying records, the capitalisation 
requirements of the Group’s accounting policy 
and the requirements of the accounting 
standard; 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•  documentation available regarding rights to 
tenure, via licensing, and compliance with 
relevant conditions, to maintain current rights 
to an area of interest and management’s 
intention and capacity to continue the relevant 
E&E activities  

•  We evaluated Group documents for 

consistency with their stated intentions for 
continuing E&E in certain areas.  We 
corroborated this through interviews with key 
operational and finance personnel. The Group 
documents we evaluated included: 

•  The ability of the Group to fund the 

continuation of activities 

•  Results from latest activities regarding the 

existence or otherwise of mineral resources or 
reserves.  

• 

internal management plans and budgets 

•  minutes of board and internal 
management meetings 

•  announcements made by the Group to the 

Australian Securities Exchange 

•  We obtained project and corporate budgets 
identifying areas with existing funding and 
those requiring alternate funding sources. We 
compared this for consistency with areas with 
E&E, for evidence of the ability to fund 
continued activities.  We identified those areas 
relying on alternate funding sources and 
evaluated the capacity of the Group to secure 
such funding. 

Other Information 

Other Information is financial and non-financial information in Centaurus Metals Limited’s annual 
reporting which is provided in addition to the Financial Report and the Auditor's Report. The Directors are 
responsible for the Other Information.  

The Other Information we obtained prior to the date of this Auditor’s Report was the Directors’ report. 
The remaining Other Information is expected to be made available to us after the date of the Auditor's 
Report. 

Our opinion on the Financial Report does not cover the Other Information and, accordingly, the auditor 
does not and will not express an audit opinion or any form of assurance conclusion thereon, with the 
exception of the Remuneration Report and our related assurance opinion. 

In connection with our audit of the Financial Report, our responsibility is to read the Other Information. In 
doing so, we consider whether the Other Information is materially inconsistent with the Financial Report 
or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

We are required to report if we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this Other Information, 
and based on the work we have performed on the Other Information that we obtained prior to the date 
of this Auditor’s Report we have nothing to report. 

Responsibilities of Directors for the Financial Report 

The Directors are responsible for: 

•  preparing the Financial Report that gives a true and fair view in accordance with Australian 

Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001; 

• 

implementing necessary internal control to enable the preparation of a Financial Report that gives a 
true and fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; and  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•

assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. This includes disclosing, as applicable,
matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless they either
intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the Financial Report 

Our objective is: 

•

•

to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Financial Report as a whole is free from material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; and

to issue an Auditor’s Report that includes our opinion.

Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 

Misstatements can arise from fraud or error. They are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of this Financial Report. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report is located at the Auditing 
and Assurance Standards Board website at: http://www.auasb.gov.au/auditors_files/ar2.pdf This 
description forms part of our Auditor’s Report. 

Report on the Remuneration Report

Opinion 

In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of 
Centaurus Metals Limited for the year ended 31 
December 2016, complies with Section 300A of 
the Corporations Act 2001. 

Directors’ responsibilities 

The Directors of the Company are responsible for 
the preparation and presentation of the 
Remuneration Report in accordance with Section 
300A of the Corporations Act 2001. 

Our responsibilities 

We have audited the Remuneration Report 
included in pages 6 to 13 of the Director’s report 
for the year ended 31 December 2016.  

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Remuneration Report, based on our Audit 
conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing 
Standards. 

KPMG 

Trevor Hart 
Partner 

Perth 

24 March 2017 

Annual Report – 31 December 2016   

Shareholder Information 

The shareholder information set out below was applicable as at 14 March 2017. 

Substantial Shareholders 

The Company’s only substantial shareholder as at the above date is Atlas Iron Limited which holds 60,320,264 
shares (5.37%). 

On  27  July  2011,  the  Company  announced  it  had  entered  into  a  strategic  alliance  with  Atlas  Iron  Limited 
(“Atlas”)  pursuant  to  which  Atlas  agreed  to  take  a  strategic  19.9%  stake  in  the  Company,  and  for  Atlas  to 
provide  technical,  development  and  product  marketing  support  as  the  Company  develops  its  export  and 
domestic  iron  ore  businesses  in  Brazil.    Centaurus  and  Atlas  entered  into  a  subscription  agreement  with 
respect to the strategic alliance.  Pursuant to the strategic alliance, and subject to meeting various conditions 
including Atlas continuing to hold a 5% interest in the share capital in the Company, ASX Limited have granted 
Centaurus a waiver from the listing rules to permit Atlas to have a right to maintain its equity interest in the 
Company in the event that further equity issues are undertaken for future funding requirements or as a means 
of securing  further assets (other than by a takeover bid or scheme of arrangement).   Atlas will be given the 
opportunity  to  participate  in  these  future  equity  issues  of  the  Company  on  the  same  terms  as  those  being 
offered to third parties. 

Class of Shares and Voting Rights 

There were 1,826 holders of ordinary shares in the Company as at the above date. The voting rights attaching 
to the ordinary shares, set out in Clause 41 of the Company’s Constitution, are: 

(a) 

(b) 

On a show of hands, every person present who is a shareholder or a proxy, attorney or representative 
of a shareholder has one vote; and 
On  a  poll,  every  person  present  who  is  a  shareholder  or  a  proxy,  attorney  or  representative  of  a 
shareholder shall, in respect of each fully paid share held by him, or in respect of which he is appointed 
a proxy, attorney or representative, have one vote for the share, but in respect of partly paid shares, 
shall  have  a  fraction  of  a  vote  for  each  partly  paid  share.    The  fraction  shall  be  equivalent  to  the 
proportion  which  the  amount  paid  is  of  the  total  amounts  paid  and  payable,  excluding  amounts 
credited,  provided  that  the  amounts  paid  in  advance  of  a  call  are  ignored  when  calculating  a  true 
portion. 

As at the above date the Company had 256 holders of listed options over 20,300,666 unissued ordinary shares 
with  an  exercise  price  of  $0.05  and  expiry  date  of  31  March  2017  and  733  holders  of  listed  options  over 
226,233,707  unissued  ordinary  shares  with  an  exercise  price  of  $0.01  and  an  expiry  date  of  30  April  2018. 
There are no voting rights attached to the unissued ordinary shares.  Voting rights will attach to the unissued 
ordinary shares when the options have been exercised. 

There  were  2  holders  of  unlisted  options  over  2,000,000  unissued  ordinary  shares.    The  options  have  an 
exercise  price  of  $0.125  and  expire  on  31  August  2018.  There  were  6  holders  of  unlisted  options  over 
22,500,000  unissued  ordinary  shares.  The  options  have  an  exercise  price  of  $0.0082  and  expire  on  10  June 
2018 (5,500,000 options), 10 June 2019 (8,500,000 options) and 10 June 2020 (8,500,000 options). There are 
no voting rights attached to the unissued ordinary shares.  Voting rights will attach to the unissued ordinary 
shares when the options have been exercised. 

Restricted Securities 

There are currently no restricted securities on issue. 

On-market Buy Back 
There is no current on-market buy back. 

Page 61 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016   

Distribution of Equity Securities 

The distribution of numbers  of equity security holders by  size of holding is  shown in the table below.  There 
were  560  holders  of  less  than  a  marketable  parcel  (being  a  minimum  $500  parcel  at  $0.007  per  share)  of 
ordinary shares. 

Ordinary  
Shares 
107 
101 
64 
547 
1,007 
1,826 

Class of Equity Security 
Listed Options 
(CTMO) 
73 
99 
31 
31 
22 
256 

Listed Options 
(CTMOA) 
45 
93 
54 
317 
224 
733 

Unlisted 
Options 

- 
- 
- 
- 
6 
6 

1 
1,001 
5,001 
10,001 
100,001 

1,000 
- 
5,000 
- 
- 
10,000 
-  100,000 
and over 

Shareholders 

The names of the twenty largest shareholders are listed below: 

Ordinary Shares (CTM) 

Name 

1  Atlas Iron Limited 
2  Shreeve Family Trust 
3  Mr Bradley Bolin 
4  Terrativa Minerais SA 
5  Mr Darren Gordon 
6  Tavarua International Inc 
7  Mr Roger Fitzhardinge 
8  Mr Ianaki Semerdziev 
9  Mr Malcolm Thom 

10  Mahe Investments Pty Ltd 
11  Mrs Liliana Teofilova 
12  Ms Tracey Marshall 
13  Mr Antonio Aceti 
14  Mr Warren Le Febour 
15  Matzo Consulting Pty Ltd 
16  Tohei Pty Ltd 
17  Mr Domenico Zappia 
18  Southern Cross Capital 
19  Darley Pty Ltd 
20 

JP Morgan Nominees Australia Limited 

  Total Top 20 Shareholders 
  Other Shareholders 
  Total Number of Issued Shares 

Number  
Held 
60,320,264 
55,702,965 
47,500,000 
46,501,476 
37,908,416 
33,898,305 
32,013,109 
13,750,000 
10,535,592 
10,000,000 
9,000,000 
9,000,000 
8,026,848 
7,471,486 
7,177,799 
7,087,968 
7,000,000 
7,000,000 
7,000,000 
6,828,581 
423,722,809 
699,523,628 
1,123,246,437 

Percentage of  
Issued Shares (%) 
5.37 
4.95 
4.22 
4.14 
3.37 
3.01 
2.85 
1.22 
0.93 
0.89 
0.80 
0.80 
0.71 
0.66 
0.63 
0.63 
0.62 
0.62 
0.62 
0.60 
37.64 
62.36 
100.00 

Page 62 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016   

Listed Option Holders 

The names of the twenty largest holders of listed options (CTMO) are listed below: 

Listed Options (CTMO) 

Name 

1  Mr RJ & Mrs NH Wellby 
2  Atlas Iron Limited 
3  Mr Darren Gordon 
4  Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited 
5  Tower Hill Investments Pty Ltd 
6  Mr Daniel Symons 
7 
8  Mr David Paterson 
9  Blucher Superannuation Pty Ltd 

Lion Selection Group Limited 

JP Morgan Nominees Australia Limited 

10  Mr Bradley Bolin 
11 
12  Tohei Pty Ltd 
13  EAS Advisors LLC 
14 
Stelc Pty Ltd 
15  Mr BD Lawton & Mrs SJ Willersdorf 
16  HM 2007 Pty Ltd 
17  Mr Hong En Yang 
18  Mr Geoffrey Laurence 
19  Mr Mark Hancock 
20  Mr Robert Smakman 

  Total Top 20 Optionholders 
  Other Optionholders 
  Total Number of Listed Options 

Number  
Held 
5,565,329 
3,333,333 
2,116,666 
1,014,763 
1,000,000 
1,000,000 
566,666 
500,000 
488,333 
433,333 
372,916 
343,067 
333,333 
333,333 
300,000 
200,000 
168,000 
133,333 
133,333 
133,333 
18,469,071 
1,831,595 
20,300,666 

Percentage of  
Listed Options (%) 

27.41 
16.42 
10.43 
5.00 
4.92 
4.92 
2.79 
2.46 
2.40 
2.13 
1.84 
1.69 
1.64 
1.64 
1.47 
0.98 
0.82 
0.66 
0.66 
0.66 
90.94 
9.06 
100.00 

The names of the twenty largest holders of listed options (CTMOA) are listed below: 

Listed Options (CTMOA) 

Name 

Shreeve Family Trust 

1 
2  Mr Bradley Bolin 
3  Mr Darren Gordon 
4  Mr Roger Fitzhardinge 
5 
Stockwork (Kal) Pty Ltd 
6  Mahe Investments Pty Ltd 
7  TCH Holdings Pty Ltd 
8  Mr Ianaki Semerdziev 
9  Mr OT & Mrs EH Yeoh 

10  Mr Robert Raynes 
11  Matzo Consulting Pty Ltd 
12  Broadcoola Nominees Pty Ltd 
13  Mrs Patricia Haigh 
14  Mr Martin Music 
15  Mr Kieran Barratt 
16  Mr Warren Le Febour 
17  Mr M & Mrs H Soucik 
18  Mrs Liliana Teofilova 
19  Mr Robert Vanden Bergh 
20  Mr George Skaltsis 

  Total Top 20 Optionholders 
  Other Optionholders 
  Total Number of Listed Options 

Number  
Held 
27,851,482 
22,500,000 
7,107,828 
5,999,994 
5,000,000 
5,000,000 
4,500,000 
3,104,771 
3,010,851 
3,000,000 
3,000,000 
3,000,000 
2,800,000 
2,750,000 
2,716,219 
2,500,000 
2,500,000 
2,145,500 
2,000,000 
2,000,000 
112,486,645 
113,747,062 
226,233,707 

Percentage of  
Listed Options (%) 

12.31 
9.94 
3.14 
2.65 
2.21 
2.21 
1.98 
1.37 
1.33 
1.32 
1.32 
1.32 
1.23 
1.21 
1.20 
1.10 
1.10 
0.94 
0.88 
0.88 
49.64 
50.36 
100.00 

Page 63 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016   

Tenement Information 

Brazilian Tenements 

Tenement 

Project Name 

Location 

Interest 

100% 
800.444/2011 
100% 
800.442/2011 
100% 
800.480/2011 
100% 
800.471/2011 
100% 
800.469/2011 
100% 
800.487/2011 
100% 
800.474/2011 
100% 
800.468/2011 
100% 
800.470/2011 
100% 
831.638/2004 
100% 
831.639/2004 
100%(1) 
831.629/2004 
100% 
832.183/2014 
100% 
832.776/2006 
100% 
833.185/2006 
100% 
832.316/2005 
100% 
833.133/2014 
100% 
830.668/2015 
100% 
831.879/2015 
100% 
831.649/2004 
100% 
833.409/2007 
100% 
834.106/2010 
100% 
831.645/2006 
100% 
830.588/2008 
100% 
831.002/2007 
100% 
833.410/2007 
100% 
833.795/2013 
100% 
831.363/2014 
100% 
831.364/2014 
CTM has a 100% Earn-in right(2)  
851.548/2011 
CTM has a 100% Earn-in right(2)  
850.258/2013 
CTM has a 100% Earn-in right(2)  
850.130/2013 
(1) Tenement is held 100% however a lease agreement is in place with Ecosinter – Industria de Beneficiamento 

Ceará 
Aurora 
Ceará 
Aurora 
Ceará 
Aurora 
Ceará 
Aurora 
Ceará 
Aurora 
Ceará 
Parambu 
Ceará 
Parambu 
Ceará 
Parambu 
Ceará 
Parambu 
Minas Gerais 
Canavial 
Minas Gerais 
Canavial 
Minas Gerais 
Candonga 
Minas Gerais 
Conquista 
Minas Gerais 
Conquista 
Minas Gerais 
Conquista 
Minas Gerais 
Itambé 
Minas Gerais 
Mombuca 
Minas Gerais 
Mombuca 
Mombuca 
Minas Gerais 
Jambreiro (Mining Lease)  Minas Gerais 
Jambreiro (Mining Lease)  Minas Gerais 
Jambreiro (Mining Lease)  Minas Gerais 
Minas Gerais 
Passabém 
Minas Gerais 
Passabém 
Minas Gerais 
Regional Guanhães 
Minas Gerais 
Regional Guanhães 
Minas Gerais 
Regional Guanhães 
Minas Gerais  
Tenda I 
Minas Gerais 
Tenda II 
Pará 
Serra Misteriosa 
Pará 
Serra Misteriosa 
Pará 
Parauapebas 

de Residuos Ltda. 

(2) Agreement signed during the December 2016 Quarter. Centaurus will earn the right to acquire 100% of the 

tenements by undertaking R$2.5m of expenditure by December 2018. 

Australian Tenements 

Tenement 

EPM14233 

Project Name 

Mt Guide 

Location 

Queensland  

Interest 
10%(3) 

(3)  Subject  to  a  Farm-Out  and  Joint  Venture  Exploration  Agreement  with  Summit  Resources  (Aust)  Pty  Ltd.  
Summit has earned a 90% interest in the Project.  Aston Metals (QLD) Limited is earning 80% of Summit’s 
interest in the Project. 

Page 64 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016   

Mineral Resources & Ore Reserves Information 

Total Mineral Resources & Ore Reserves Statement 

The Company’s Ore Reserves and Mineral Resource holdings are shown in the following tables. 

Ore Reserves 

Ore Reserves as at 31 December 2016 

Ore Reserves as at 31 December 2015 

Project 

Million 
Tonnes 

Fe  
% 

SiO2 
% 

Al2O3 
% 

P  
% 

LOI  
% 

Million  
Tonnes 

Fe  
% 

SiO2 
% 

Al2O3 
% 

P  
% 

LOI  
% 

Jambreiro  Project * 

Proved 

Probable 

TOTAL 

35.4 

28.5 

49.6 

13.1 

27.2 

49.0 

48.5 

28.1 

49.4 

4.3 

5.3 

4.6 

0.04 

0.04 

0.04 

1.7 

2.4 

1.9 

35.4 

13.1 

28.5 

27.2 

49.6 

49.0 

48.5 

28.1 

49.4 

4.3 

5.3 

4.6 

0.04 

0.04 

0.04 

1.7 

2.4 

1.9 

*20% Fe cut-off grade applied; Mine Dilution - 2% ; Mine Recovery - 98%;  

Mineral Resources 

Mineral Resources as at 31 December 2016 

Mineral Resources as at 31 December 2015 

Project 

Million 
Tonnes 

Fe  
% 

SiO2 
% 

Al2O3 
% 

P  
% 

LOI  
% 

Million 
Tonnes 

Fe  
% 

SiO2 
% 

Al2O3 % 

P  
% 

LOI  
% 

Jambreiro Project* 

Measured 

Indicated 

Inferred 

TOTAL 

Canavial Project* 

Indicated 

Inferred 

TOTAL 

Passabém Project** 

Indicated 

Inferred 

TOTAL 

Itambé Project*** 

Indicated 

Inferred 

TOTAL 

44.3 

29.2 

50.5 

37.7 

27.5 

51.1 

45.1 

27.3 

52.7 

127.2 

28.0 

51.4 

6.5 

33.6 

33.6 

21.1 

29.6 

38.0 

27.6 

30.5 

37.0 

2.8 

33.0 

48.8 

36.2 

30.9 

54.0 

39.0 

31.0 

53.6 

4.7 

5.3 

37.1 

37.0 

36.2 

40.9 

10.0 

36.6 

39.1 

3.9 

3.7 

3.3 

3.7 

7.1 

5.7 

6.0 

1.9 

0.7 

0.8 

4.5 

3.5 

4.0 

0.04 

0.04 

0.05 

0.05 

0.10 

0.07 

0.07 

0.03 

0.07 

0.07 

0.06 

0.04 

0.05 

1.6 

1.7 

1.3 

1.5 

7.9 

5.9 

6.4 

0.6 

0.1 

0.1 

2.7 

2.1 

2.4 

44.3 

29.2 

50.5 

37.7 

27.5 

51.1 

45.1 

27.3 

52.7 

127.2 

28.0 

51.4 

6.5 

33.6 

33.6 

21.1 

29.6 

38.0 

27.6 

30.5 

37.0 

2.8 

33.0 

48.8 

36.2 

30.9 

54.0 

39.0 

31.0 

53.6 

4.7 

5.3 

37.1 

37.0 

36.2 

40.9 

10.0 

36.6 

39.1 

3.9 

3.7 

3.3 

3.7 

7.1 

5.7 

6.0 

1.9 

0.7 

0.8 

4.5 

3.5 

4.0 

0.04 

0.04 

0.05 

0.05 

0.10 

0.07 

0.07 

0.03 

0.07 

0.07 

0.06 

0.04 

0.05 

TOTAL 
COMBINED 
* 20% Fe cut-off grade applied;  ** 27% Fe cut-off grade applied;  *** 25% Fe cut-off grade applied 

203.8 

203.8 

49.3 

29.4 

0.05 

29.4 

2.0 

3.5 

49.3 

3.5 

0.05 

1.6 

1.7 

1.3 

1.5 

7.9 

5.9 

6.4 

0.6 

0.1 

0.1 

2.7 

2.1 

2.4 

2.0 

(a) 
(b) 

Mineral Resources are reported inclusive of Ore Reserves. 
Rounding may generate differences in last decimal place. 

Page 65 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016   

Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves Annual Statement and Review 

The  Company  carries  out  an  annual  review  of  its  Mineral  Resources  and  Ore  Reserves  as  required  by  the 
Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code) 
2012  edition and the ASX Listing Rules.  The review  was  carried out as at 31 December 2016. The  Jambreiro 
Resources  estimate  has  been  reported  in  accordance  with  the  JORC  Code  2012  edition  and  the  ASX  Listing 
Rules.  The  remaining  Ore  Reserve  and  Mineral  Resource  estimates  were  prepared  and  disclosed  under  the 
JORC Code 2004 edition. 

The information prepared for the Jambreiro Reserve and Canavial, Itambé and Passabém Resource estimates 
have not been updated to comply with the JORC Code 2012 edition on the basis that the information has not 
materially changed since it was last reported.  

The  Jambreiro  Ore  Reserve  was  completed  in  November  2012  using  highly  conservative  iron  ore  price  and 
exchange  rate  assumptions  to  determine  the  mine  gate  price.  As  of  31  December  2016  the  mine  gate  price 
remained appropriate. There were no further changes to the modifying factors for the Jambreiro Ore Reserve. 
Given there was no material change in the Mineral Resource estimate or to the modifying factors for the Ore 
Reserve, the Ore Reserve has not been updated to comply with the JORC Code 2012 edition. 

The Candonga Resource and Reserve have been removed from the tables as the Project was divested during 
the prior period.  

There  has  been  no  additional  work  or  change  to  the  Canavial,  Itambé  and  Passabém  Mineral  Resource 
estimates during the year. Information prepared and disclosed under the JORC Code 2004 Edition and which 
has not materially changed since last reported has not been updated.  

The Company is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in 
this Annual Statement and confirms that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the 
estimates in the relevant market announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. 

Estimation Governance Statement 

The Company ensures that all Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve calculations are subject to appropriate levels 
of  governance  and  internal  controls.  Exploration  Results  are  collected  and  managed  by  competent  qualified 
staff geologists and overseen by the Exploration General Manager. All data collection activities are conducted 
to  industry  standards  based  on  a  framework  of  quality  assurance  and  quality  control  protocols  covering  all 
aspects of sample collection, topographical and geophysical surveys, drilling, sample preparation, physical and 
chemical analysis and data and sample management.  

Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimates are prepared by qualified independent Competent Persons and 
further  verified  by  the  Company’s  technical  staff.  If  there  is  a  material  change  in  the  estimate  of  a  Mineral 
Resource,  the  modifying  factors  for  the  preparation  of  Ore  Reserves,  or  reporting  an  inaugural  Mineral 
Resource  or  Ore  Reserve,  the  estimate  and  supporting  documentation  in  question  is  reviewed  by  a  suitably 
qualified independent Competent Person. 

Approval of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserve Statement 

The Company reports its Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves on an annual basis in accordance with the JORC 
Code 2012 Edition.  

The  Ore  Reserves  and  Mineral  Resources  Statement  is  based  on  and  fairly  represents  information  and 
supporting  documentation  prepared  by  competent  and  qualified  independent  external  professionals  and 
reviewed  by  the  Company’s  technical  staff.    The  Ore  Reserves  and  Mineral  Resources  Statement  has  been 
approved by Roger Fitzhardinge, a Competent Person who is a Member of the Australasia Institute of Mining 
and Metallurgy.  Roger Fitzhardinge is a permanent employee of Centaurus Metals Limited.  Mr Fitzhardinge 
has  consented  to  the  inclusion  of  the  Statement  in  the  form  and  context  in  which  it  appears  in  this  Annual 
Report. 

Page 66 of 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Report – 31 December 2016   

Competent Person’s Statement 

The information in this Annual Report that relates to Exploration Results and Mineral Resources is based on 
information compiled by Roger Fitzhardinge, a Competent Person who is a Member of the Australasia Institute 
of  Mining  and  Metallurgy  and  Volodymyr  Myadzel,  a  Competent  Person  who  is  a  Member  of  Australian 
Institute  of  Geoscientists.    Roger  Fitzhardinge  is  a  permanent  employee  of  Centaurus  Metals  Limited  and 
Volodymyr  Myadzel  is  the  Senior  Resource  Geologist  of  Micromine  BNA  Consultoria  e  Sistemas  Limited, 
independent resource consultants engaged by Centaurus Metals. 

Roger  Fitzhardinge  and  Volodymyr  Myadzel  have  sufficient  experience  that  is  relevant  to  the  style  of 
mineralisation  and  type  of  deposit  under  consideration  and  to  the  activity  being  undertaken  to  qualify  as 
Competent  Persons  as  defined  in  the  2012  Edition  of  the  ‘Australasian  Code  for  Reporting  of  Exploration 
Results,  Mineral  Resources  and  Ore  Reserves’.    Roger  Fitzhardinge  and  Volodymyr  Myadzel  consent  to  the 
inclusion in the report of the matters based on their information in the form and context in which it appears. 

The information in this Annual Report that relates to Ore Reserves is based on information compiled by Beck 
Nader,  a  Competent  Person  who  is  a  professional  Mining  Engineer  and  a  Member  of  Australian  Institute  of 
Geoscientists.  Beck Nader  is the Managing  Director of  Micromine  BNA  Consultoria  e Sistemas Ltda and is a 
consultant to Centaurus.   

Beck Nader has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under 
consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 
Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’.  
Beck Nader consents to the inclusion in the report of the  matters based on his information in the form and 
context in which it appears. 

Page 67 of 67