Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Residential Construction / Cavco Industries

Cavco Industries

cvco · NASDAQ Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker cvco
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Residential Construction
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2016 Annual Report · Cavco Industries
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2016

Annual Report

inves tor.cavco.com

CVAR_2016.indd   1

6/9/2016   12:25:58 PM

About Cavco Industries, Inc.

Cavco is the second largest designer and builder of manufactured homes, modular homes, commercial buildings, 
park model RVs and vacation cabins. We produce and sell some of the most widely recognized brand names in 
the industry including Cavco Homes, Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, Fairmont Homes and Chariot Eagle. 
The company’s insurance group, Standard Casualty, offers a range of insurance products for manufactured home 
owners and its finance subsidiary, CountryPlace Mortgage, supplies a variety of homebuyer financing options. 

Commitment, Experience, Stability and Strength 

As a corporation publicly traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (symbol CVCO), we have a commitment to 
our stockholders, our people and our homebuyers, to provide quality housing and exceptional service. Forbes 
Magazine selected Cavco as one of the 100 Best Managed Companies in the U.S. and recently as number 13 on 
its 2014 list of America’s Best Small Companies. In recognition of its innovation, customer service, and long term 
stability, Cavco Industries has been awarded the prestigious MHI Manufacturer of the Year Award for the last 
seven consecutive years. 

Excellence in Innovation, Quality and Value 

Our homes are precision built in controlled indoor environments at an attractive value and within shorter 
completion times than on-site construction methods. Our homes are efficiently distributed by independent 
retailers and through company-owned retail centers. We customize styles and specifications for the exclusive use 
of land/lease communities, subdivision developers, resort properties and workforce housing. 

Building Green, Energy Efficient and Sustainable Homes 

Cavco also builds homes designed with high utilization of renewable materials, environmentally-friendly 
maintenance requirements, specially designed ventilation systems, best use of space and alternative energy 
sources such as solar and wind.

Our Home  
Building Facilities

1
2

3

4

65

11

9
10

8
7

12

13

17
18

14

15
16

1 	 Fleetwood	Pacific	Northwest 

7 	 Cavco	Homes	of	Texas	 

13 	 Fleetwood	Midwest/Central	 

WOODBURN, OR

SEGUIN, TX

2 	 Palm	Harbor	Northwest 

8 	 Palm	Harbor	Austin	 

MILLERSBURG, OR

AUSTIN, TX

3 	 Fleetwood	Northwest/Mountain 

9 	 Palm	Harbor	Ft.	Worth	 

LAFAYETTE, TN
14 	 Fleetwood	South	 
DOUGLAS, GA

15 	 Chariot	Eagle	 
OCALA, FL

NAMPA, ID

4 	 Fleetwood	West 
RIVERSIDE, CA

5 	 Durango	Homes	by	Cavco 

PHOENIX, AZ
6 	 Cavco	West	 

GOODYEAR, AZ

FT. WORTH, TX

10 	 Fleetwood	Southwest	 

16 	 Palm	Harbor	Florida	 

WACO, TX

11 	 Fairmont	Homes	 
MONTEVIDEO, MN
12 	 Fairmont	Homes	 
NAPPANEE, IN

PLANT CITY, FL
17 	 Fleetwood	East	 
ROCKY MT., VA

18 	 Nationwide	Homes	 
MARTINSVILLE, VA

Directors, Officers and Corporate 

Information

Headquarters

Board of Directors

Cavco Industries, Inc. 

William C. Boor 

1001 North Central Avenue 

Chief Executive Officer 

Great Lakes Brewing Company

Steven G. Bunger 

Chief Executive Officer & President 

Pro Box Storage, Inc.

David A. Greenblatt 

Eagle Materials, Inc.

Jack Hanna 

Principal 

Former Senior Vice President & Deputy General Counsel 

Jack Hanna Productions                                           

Joseph H. Stegmayer 

Cavco Industries, Inc.

Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer 

Officers

Joseph H. Stegmayer 

Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer

Daniel L. Urness 

Executive Vice President 

Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

Charles E. Lott 

President 

Fleetwood Homes, Inc.

Steven K. Like 

Senior Vice President

James P. Glew 

General Counsel & Secretary

Suite 800 

Phoenix, Arizona 85004 

Telephone: (602) 256-6263 

www.cavco.com

Investor Relations

investor_relations@cavco.com

The Company’s filings with 

the Securities and Exchange 

Commission can be found in the 

SEC EDGAR database at  

www.sec.gov

Transfer Agent and Registrar 

Computershare Investor Services 

250 Royall Street 

Canton, MA 02021 

Telephone: (888) 525-8755 

www.computershare.com

Stock Trading 

The Company’s common stock is 

listed on the Nasdaq Global Select 

Market and is traded under the 

Symbol CVCO

Stock Price Range

Year ended April 2, 2016

High	

4th	Quarter	 $95.25	

3rd	Quarter	 $106.55	

2nd	Quarter	 $78.28	

1st	Quarter	

$78.75	

Low

$70.28

$66.71

$66.22

$64.54

Year ended March 28, 2015

High	

4th	Quarter		 $81.89	

3rd	Quarter	 $82.32	

2nd	Quarter	 $87.90	

1st	Quarter	 $85.45	

Low

$67.32

$62.08

$65.29

$72.03

CVAR_2016.indd   2-3

6/9/2016   12:26:07 PM

	
	
Dear Fellow Shareholders: 

Fiscal year 2016 was an exciting year for Cavco. Net revenue was $712 million, the largest in the Company’s history — up 26% 
over fiscal year 2015 and a 578% increase from 7 years earlier. In fiscal year 2009, as a regional housing provider with home 
sales volume adversely impacted by the economic recession, the Company produced net revenue of $105 million. Since that time, 
the Company has acquired several home brands and operations across the country to expand our primary business of producing 
and selling manufactured housing. We also added financial services to our company. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2016 
we acquired Fairmont Homes and Chariot Eagle. We are pleased to report that these operations have made steady progress toward 
integrating with Cavco’s culture to the benefit of our customers and shareholders.  

For the most recent 7 years, manufactured housing industry home shipments have grown 42% from 49,789 homes in 2009 to 
70,519 homes in 2015. While we have grown organically, acquisitions have clearly enabled the Company to outpace industry 
growth  as  we  sold  12,339  homes  in  fiscal  year  2016  compared  to  2,603  homes  in  fiscal  year  2009,  a  374%  increase.  The 
improvement in Cavco’s sales volume was enhanced by additional park model RVs, modular and multi-family units sold, which 
are not part of the industry shipment volumes noted above. We have the capability in place for higher production levels and the 
positive trend of manufactured housing industry shipments during early calendar 2016 is encouraging. We believe the Company 
is well positioned to take advantage of a stronger economic environment and continue to increase home sales this year. 

The Cavco family of companies has earned a reputation for building an array of tried-and-true floorplans that appeal to a broad 
range of home buyers. We also strive to be at the forefront of innovation within the home building industry. Instead of promoting 
a  “one size  fits all” philosophy,  Cavco works closely  with  retailers, communities  and developers to  design  and  build  custom 
homes suited to the particular interests of their customers. The Company also provides seasonal Park Model RVs used in resort 
communities and campgrounds across the country.  

Our  approach  to  configuration,  customization  and  flexibility  is  among  the  key  factors  that  continue  to  fuel  our  product  line 
expansions.  We  offer  housing  solutions  for  all  population  demographics  and  virtually  any  lifestyle.  In  the  past  year,  Cavco 
produced dwellings ranging from a high-tech smart tiny home, a micro-space style house that is capturing the imagination and 
interest of many people, to hundreds of styles of single family homes, to a large scale college dormitory. We also continue to be 
a leader in producing energy efficient, Energy Star® certified homes and building homes with many other eco-friendly materials, 
including solar shingle systems. Our consistent objective is to design and build homes for the most discerning homeowners. 

We maintain a conservative capital structure and strong balance sheet. Our factory built housing business operates free of debt. 
Current assets were 2.4 times current liabilities and cash and cash equivalents were $97.8 million at April 2, 2016, slightly above 
the $96.6 million balance at March 28, 2015. The increase in cash and cash equivalents during the fiscal year was net of $28.1 
million paid for acquisitions in the first fiscal quarter. 

Cavco was honored to be selected as “Manufacturer of the Year” for the seventh sequential year by members of the Manufactured 
Housing  Institute.  Receiving  this  award  from  our  industry  peers  is  an  extreme  honor  and  a  testament  to  our  associates’ 
commitment to product innovation, quality and high customer satisfaction. We believe that homebuyers look for value and long 
term  enjoyment  when  selecting  their  home.  The  Cavco  family  of  companies  have  spent  more  than  60  years  creating  brands 
dedicated to delivering quality, value and exceptional customer service and we intend to carry on this tradition for many years to 
come. 

Thank you to our shareholders, customers and supply partners for your continued support. We are excited to further leverage our 
expanded geographic footprint and product capabilities in an improving market environment during the next fiscal year. 

June 21, 2016 

  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
(This page intentionally left blank)

 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

(Mark One)

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended April 2, 2016

or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                    to

Commission File Number 000-08822

Cavco Industries, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

56-2405642
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 800
Phoenix, Arizona 85004
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
602-256-6263
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, par value $0.01

Name of each exchange on which registered
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
(Global Select Market)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been 
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data 
File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months 
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this Chapter) is not contained 
herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by 
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a small reporting 
company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 
(Check one):

    No  

    No  

    No  

    No  

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  
The aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates as of September 26, 2015 (based on the closing 
price on the Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC on September 26, 2015) was $204,396,647. Shares of Common Stock held by each officer, director 
and holder of 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed affiliates. This 
determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
As of June 10, 2016, 8,939,053 shares of Registrant’s Common Stock, $.01 par value, were outstanding.

    No  

Portions of Cavco Industries, Inc.’s Definitive Proxy Statement relating to its 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by 
reference into Part III hereof.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED APRIL 2, 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item 1. Business

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2. Properties

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Supplemental Item:

Executive Officers of the Registrant

PART I

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Item 9B. Other Information

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11. Executive Compensation

PART III

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

Signatures

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

2

14

23

24

25

25

26

27

29

31

51

52

52

52

55

55

55

55

56

56

57

59

F-1

1

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

General

PART I

Cavco Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation, was formed on June 30, 2003 as a successor corporation to 

previous Cavco entities operating since 1965. Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, the Company designs and 
produces factory-built homes primarily distributed through a network of independent and Company-owned 
retailers, planned community operators and residential developers. We are the second largest producer of 
manufactured homes in the United States, based on reported wholesale shipments, marketed under a variety of 
brand names, which include Cavco Homes, Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, Fairmont Homes and Chariot 
Eagle. The Company is also a leading builder of park model RVs, vacation cabins and systems-built commercial 
structures, as well as modular homes built primarily under the Nationwide Homes brand. Our mortgage subsidiary, 
CountryPlace Acceptance Corp. ("CountryPlace"), is an approved Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac seller/servicer, a 
Ginnie Mae mortgage backed securities issuer and offers conforming mortgages, non-conforming mortgages and 
chattel loans to purchasers of factory-built and site-built homes. Our insurance subsidiary, Standard Casualty Co. 
("Standard Casualty"), provides property and casualty insurance to owners of manufactured homes. The terms 
"Cavco," "us," "we," "our," the "Company," and any other similar terms refer to Cavco Industries, Inc. and its 
consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated in this Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Annual Report").

We construct our homes using an assembly-line process in which each module or floor section is assembled in 
stages. Our assembly-line process is designed to be flexible enough to accommodate significant customization, as 
requested by our customers. The Company operates 19 homebuilding facilities located in the Pacific, Mountain, 
Midwest, South Central and South Atlantic regions. These factories range in size from 41,000 to 341,000 square 
feet.

We distribute our homes through 45 Company-owned U.S. retail outlets and a network of independent 

distribution points in 44 states, Canada, Japan and Mexico. A significant number of these independent distribution 
points are located in Arizona, California, Florida, Texas, Oregon and Kentucky. Thirty-two of our Company-owned 
retail stores are located in Texas. See "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results 
of Operations — Industry and Company Outlook."

CountryPlace originates single-family residential mortgages and chattel loans, and services, for itself and 
others, conforming mortgages, non-conforming land-home mortgages and manufactured home chattel loans. 
CountryPlace is authorized by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ("HUD") to directly 
endorse Federal Housing Administration ("FHA") Title I and Title II mortgage insurance, is an approved lender 
with the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs ("VA") and the U.S. Department of Agriculture ("USDA") under its 
Single Family Housing Guaranteed Loan Program, is approved by the Government National Mortgage Association 
("GNMA" or "Ginnie Mae") to issue GNMA-insured mortgage-backed securities and is authorized to sell 
mortgages to, and service mortgages for, the Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA" or "Fannie Mae") 
and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC" or "Freddie Mac"). A conforming mortgage or loan 
is one that conforms to the guidelines of a Government-Sponsored Enterprise ("GSE"), such as Fannie Mae, Freddie 
Mac or a government agency, such as FHA; a non-conforming mortgage or loan does not conform to these 
guidelines (see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

Standard Casualty is domiciled in Texas and is primarily a specialty writer of manufactured home physical 
damage insurance. Standard Casualty holds insurance licenses in multiple states; however, a significant portion of 
its writings occur in Texas and Arizona. In addition to writing direct policies, Standard Casualty assumes and cedes 
reinsurance in the ordinary course of business (see Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

See Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for financial information regarding our business 

segments (factory-built housing and financial services), both of which are discussed below.

2

Industry Overview

General. Manufactured housing provides an alternative in urban, suburban and rural areas to other forms of 
new low-cost housing such as site-built housing and condominiums, and to existing housing such as pre-owned 
homes and apartments. According to statistics published by the Institute for Building Technology and Safety 
("IBTS") and the United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, for the 2015 calendar year, 
manufactured housing wholesale shipments of homes constructed in accordance with the National Manufactured 
Home Construction and Safety Standards promulgated by HUD ("HUD code") accounted for an estimated 12.3% of 
all new single-family homes sold.

According to data reported by the Manufactured Housing Institute ("MHI"), during calendar year 2015, our 

industry shipped approximately 71,000 HUD code manufactured homes. This followed approximately 64,000 
homes shipped in 2014, 60,000 in 2013, 55,000 in 2012 and 52,000 shipped in calendar year 2011, the lowest levels 
since shipment statistics began to be recorded in 1959. Annual home shipments from 2006 to 2015 were less than 
the annual home shipments for each of the 40 years from 1963 to 2005. For the past 10 and 20-year periods, annual 
home shipments averaged 70,000 and 158,000, respectively. While industry HUD code manufactured home 
shipments improved modestly during the three most recent years, the manufactured housing industry continues to 
operate at relatively low levels compared to historical shipment statistics.

We believe the segment of the housing market in which manufactured housing is most competitive includes 
consumers with household incomes under $60,000. This segment has a high representation of young single persons 
and young married couples, as well as persons age 55 and older. The comparatively low cost of fully-equipped 
manufactured housing is attractive to these consumers. Persons in rural areas and those who presently live in 
manufactured homes also make up a significant portion of the demand for new manufactured housing. Innovative 
engineering and design, as well as efficient production techniques, continue to position manufactured homes to 
meet the demand for affordable housing in markets such as rural areas and manufactured housing communities. The 
markets for affordable factory-built housing are very competitive as well as cyclical and seasonal. The industry is 
sensitive to employment levels, consumer confidence, availability of financing and general economic conditions.

Protracted Industry Downturn. Since mid-1999, the manufactured housing industry has experienced a 
prolonged and significant downturn. This downturn has resulted in part from the fact that, beginning in 1999, 
consumer lenders in the sector began to tighten underwriting standards and curtail credit availability in response to 
higher than anticipated rates of loan defaults and significant losses upon the repossession and resale of the 
manufactured homes securing defaulted loans. From 2004 to 2007, the industry’s downturn was exacerbated by the 
aggressive financing methods available to customers of developers and marketers of standard site-built homes, 
which had the effect of diverting potential manufactured housing buyers to more expensive site-built homes. Since 
2008, the global credit crisis and general deterioration of economic conditions have extended the depressed market 
conditions in which our industry operates. These factors have resulted in low wholesale shipment levels and 
underutilized manufacturing and retail locations.

As a result of the foregoing factors, and based on industry data as of the end of 2015, the number of active 
industry manufacturing facilities was 121, a decrease of 202 facilities since the end of 1999, representing a 63% 
reduction. Weak industry conditions have adversely affected the results of operations of all of the major producers 
of manufactured homes, including our Company.

Business Strategies

Our marketing strategy is to offer a line of manufactured homes that appeal to a wide range of home buyers. 
Our principal focus is on two large and diverse markets, which include the sale of high-value homes to entry-level 
and move-up buyers and to persons age 55 and older. We also market to special niches such as subdivision 
developers and vacation home buyers.

Our production strategy is to develop and maintain the resources necessary to build to varied and unique 
customer specifications in an efficient factory production environment. This enables us to attract retailers and 
consumers who want the flexibility to build homes to meet their specific needs, but still seek the value created by 
building a home on a factory production line.

3

Our competitive strategy is to build homes of superior quality, offer innovative designs and floor plans, 

demonstrate exceptional value and provide the engineering and technical resources to enable custom home building 
and be responsive and efficient in servicing the customer after the sale. We strive to maintain a competitive 
advantage by reacting quickly to changes in the marketplace and to the specific needs of our retailers and 
consumers.

The purchase of the Fleetwood Homes, Inc. ("Fleetwood") and Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. ("Palm Harbor") 
assets in August 2009 and April 2011, respectively, provided further operating capacity, increased home production 
capabilities and distribution and entry into financial and insurance businesses specific to the Company’s industry, 
allowing the Company to be vertically integrated. The transactions further expanded the Company’s geographic 
reach at a national level by adding factories and retail locations serving the Northwest, West, South, South Central 
and Mid-Atlantic regions.

In addition, the purchase of Chariot Eagle, LLC ("Chariot Eagle") and Fairmont Homes, LLC ("Fairmont 
Homes"), in March 2015 and May 2015, respectively, provides for further operating capacity, increased home 
production capabilities and distribution into new markets such as the Midwest, the western Great Plains states, the 
Northeast and several provinces in Canada. These operations included manufacturing facilities in Ocala, Florida; 
Nappanee, Indiana; and two factories in Montevideo, Minnesota.

Products

We are the second largest producer of manufactured homes in the United States, based on reported wholesale 

shipments, marketed under a variety of brand names including Cavco Homes, Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor 
Homes, Fairmont Homes and Chariot Eagle. The Company is also a leading producer of modular homes, built 
primarily under the Nationwide Homes brand, as well as park model RVs, vacation cabins and systems-built 
commercial structures.

Approximately 83% of our products are constructed in accordance with the HUD code. We also build park 
model RVs, constructed to standards approved by the American National Standards Institute, a private, non-profit 
organization that administers and coordinates a voluntary standardization and conformity program. Park model RVs 
are less than 400 square feet in size, are primarily used as vacation dwellings and seasonal living, and are placed in 
planned communities, recreational home parks and resorts. We also produce a wide variety of modular homes, 
which include single and multi-section/modular ranch-style dwellings, split-level homes, Cape Cod style homes, 
two and three story homes and multi-family units. We also build commercial modular structures including 
apartment buildings, condominiums, hotels, workforce housing, schools and housing for U.S. military troops (e.g., 
barracks). Commercial buildings are constructed in the same facilities in which we build our residential homes 
using similar assembly line processes and techniques. These commercial projects are generally engineered to the 
purchaser’s specifications. The buildings are transported to the customer’s site in the same manner as homes and are 
often set by crane and finished at the site.

We produce our residential homes in a variety of floor plans. Most of these homes are single-story and 
generally range in size from approximately 500 to 3,300 square feet, but may be larger in the case of multi-level 
modular homes. In fiscal years 2016 and 2015, we sold 12,339 and 9,999 homes, respectively.

Each home typically contains a living room, dining area, kitchen, one to five bedrooms and one or more 
bathrooms, and is equipped with central heating and hot water systems, kitchen appliances, carpeting and window 
treatments. Feature upgrades include fireplaces, central air conditioning, tile roofs, high ceilings, skylights, 
hardwood floors, custom cabinetry, granite countertops and energy conservation elements. We also offer a variety of 
structural and decorative customizations to meet the home buyer's specifications. With manufacturing centers 
strategically positioned across the nation, we utilize local market research to design homes to meet the demands of 
our customers. We have the ability to react and modify floor plans and designs to consumers’ specific needs. By 
offering a full range of homes from entry-level models to large custom homes and with the ability to engineer 
designs in-house, we can accommodate virtually any customer request.

4

We are focused on building quality, energy efficient homes for the modern home buyer. Green building involves 

the creation of an energy efficient envelope, including higher utilization of renewable materials. These homes 
provide environmentally-friendly maintenance requirements, generally lower utility costs, specially designed 
ventilation systems, best use of space and passive solar orientation.

Our manufactured homes are constructed and equipped at our factories. The finished home is then primarily 

transported by independent trucking companies either to a retail sales center, planned community, housing 
development, work site or the customer's site. Retailers or other independent installers are responsible for placing 
the home on site and, in most instances, arranging for connections to utilities and providing installation and finish-
out services. Although our manufactured homes are designed to be transportable, very few are moved from their 
original site after installation.

We are constantly introducing new floor plans, decors, exteriors, features and accessories to appeal to changing 

trends in different regions of the country. Our factory-built homes are designed after extensive field research and 
consumer feedback. We have developed engineering systems which, through the use of computer-aided technology, 
permit customization of homes and assist with product development and enhancement. We work with a variety of 
partners, meeting an expanding range of housing needs from a home buyer’s private land to planned neighborhoods 
to recreational or resort properties to accommodations for workforces in agriculture and industry.

Factory-built Housing

Manufacturing Operations. Our homes are constructed in plant facilities using an assembly-line process 
employing from 75 to 300 employees at each facility. Most of our homes are constructed in one or more sections 
(also known as floors or modules) on a permanently affixed steel or wood support chassis. Each section is 
assembled in stages beginning with the construction of the chassis, followed by the addition of other constructed 
and purchased components and ending with a final quality control inspection. The efficiency of the assembly-line 
process and the benefits of constructing homes in a controlled factory environment enables us to produce quality 
homes in less time and at a lower cost per square foot than building homes on individual sites.

We operate 19 manufacturing facilities in Millersburg and Woodburn, Oregon; Nampa, Idaho; Riverside, 
California; Phoenix and Goodyear, Arizona; Austin, Fort Worth, Seguin and Waco, Texas; Montevideo, Minnesota 
(2); Nappanee, Indiana; Lafayette, Tennessee; Martinsville and Rocky Mount, Virginia; Douglas, Georgia; and 
Ocala and Plant City, Florida. These manufacturing facilities range from approximately 41,000 to 341,000 square 
feet of floor space. The production schedules for our manufacturing facilities are based on wholesale orders 
received from independent and Company-owned retailers, which fluctuate from week to week. In general, however, 
our facilities are structured to operate on a one shift per day, five days per week basis, and we currently manufacture 
a typical home in approximately six production days. During the fiscal quarters ended April 2, 2016 and March 28, 
2015, our rates of production were approximately 84 and 61 home sections per day, respectively.

Manufactured housing is a regional business and the primary geographic market for a typical manufacturing 
facility is within a 350-mile radius. Each of our manufacturing facilities serves multiple retailers along with a large 
number of one-time purchasers. Because we produce homes to fill existing wholesale orders, our manufacturing 
plants generally do not carry finished goods inventories, except for homes awaiting delivery.

The principal materials used in the production of our manufactured homes include wood, wood products, steel, 

aluminum, gypsum wallboard, windows, doors, fiberglass insulation, carpet, vinyl, fasteners, plumbing materials, 
appliances and electrical items. We buy these materials from various third-party manufacturers and distributors. The 
inability to obtain any materials used in the production of our homes, whether resulting from material shortages, 
limitation of supplier facilities or other events affecting production of component parts, may affect our ability to 
meet or maintain production requirements.

5

At April 2, 2016, we had a backlog of home orders with wholesale sales values of approximately $47.9 million, 
compared to a backlog of $47.4 million at March 28, 2015. Retailers may cancel orders prior to production without 
penalty. After production of a particular home has commenced, the order becomes noncancelable and the retailer is 
obligated to take delivery of the home. Accordingly, until production of a particular home has commenced, we do 
not consider our order backlog to be firm orders. Because of the seasonality of the housing market, the level of our 
order backlog historically declines during the winter months.

Revenue and Distribution. The Company sold 12,339, 9,999 and 9,379 homes in fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 

2014, respectively, through Company-owned and independent distribution channels.

As of April 2, 2016, we had a total of 45 Company-owned retail centers, located in Oregon, Arizona, New 

Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Virginia, North Carolina and Florida. Thirty-two of the Company-owned 
retail stores are located in Texas. Our Company-owned sales centers are generally located on main roads or 
highways for high visibility. Each of our Company-owned retail sales centers has a sales office, which is generally a 
factory-built structure, and a variety of model homes of various sizes, floor plans, features and prices. Customers 
may order a home that will be built at a manufacturing facility or they may purchase a home from an inventory of 
homes maintained at the location, including a model home. Model homes may be displayed in a residential setting 
with sidewalks and landscaping. Each sales center usually employs a manager and one to five salespersons, who are 
compensated through a combination of salary and commission. As of April 2, 2016, Company-owned sales centers 
had an average inventory of 16 new homes per location. We internally finance our home inventories.

As of April 2, 2016, we had a network of independent distribution points, of which 15% were in Arizona, 13% 

in Texas, 10% in California, 9% in Florida, 7% in Oregon and 5% in Kentucky. The remaining 41% were in 38 
other states, Canada, Japan and Mexico. As is common in the industry, our independent distributors typically sell 
manufactured homes produced by other manufacturers in addition to those we produce. Some independent retailers 
operate multiple sales outlets. No independent retailer accounted for 10% or more of our factory-built housing 
revenue during any fiscal year within the three-year period ended April 2, 2016.

We continually seek to increase our wholesale shipments by growing sales at our existing independent retailers 
and by finding new independent retailers to sell our homes. We provide comprehensive sales training to retail sales 
associates and bring them to our manufacturing facilities for product training and to view new product designs as 
they are developed. These training seminars facilitate the sale of our homes by increasing the skill and knowledge 
of the retail sales consultants. In addition, we display our products in trade shows and support our retailers through 
the distribution of floor plan literature, brochures, decor selection displays, point of sale promotional material, as 
well as internet-based marketing assistance.

Independent retailers frequently finance a portion of their home purchases through wholesale floor plan 
financing arrangements. In most cases, we receive a deposit or a commitment from the retailer's lender for each 
home ordered. We then manufacture the home and it is shipped at the retailer's expense. Payment is due from the 
lender upon shipment of the product. For a description of wholesale floor plan financing arrangements used by 
independent retailers and our obligations in connection with these arrangements, see "Financing—Commercial 
Financing" below.

Warranties. We provide the retail home buyer a one-year limited warranty covering defects in material or 
workmanship in home structure, plumbing and electrical systems. Nonstructural components of a cosmetic nature 
are warranted for 120 days, except in specific cases where state laws require longer warranty terms. Our warranty 
does not extend to installation and setup of the home, which is generally arranged by the retailer. Appliances, 
carpeting, roofing and certain other components are warranted by their original manufacturer for various lengths of 
time. Refer to our discussion of the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Federal Trade Commission Improvement Act under 
"Government Regulation" below.

6

Financial Services

Finance. We provide a source of home buyer financing to our customers on competitive terms through our 
subsidiary, CountryPlace. CountryPlace offers conforming mortgages, non-conforming mortgages and chattel loans 
to purchasers of numerous brands of factory-built homes sold by Company-owned retail sales centers and certain 
independent retailers, builders, communities and developers. CountryPlace is authorized to directly endorse FHA 
Title I and Title II mortgage insurance, is an approved lender with the VA and the USDA under its Single Family 
Housing Guaranteed Loan Program, is approved to issue GNMA-insured mortgage-backed securities, and is 
authorized to sell mortgages to, and service mortgages for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Most loans originated 
through CountryPlace are sold to investors. CountryPlace also provides various loan servicing functions for non-
affiliated entities under contract.

All of CountryPlace’s loan contracts held are fixed rate and have monthly scheduled payments of principal and 

interest. The scheduled payments for each contract would, if made on their respective due dates, result in a full 
amortization of the contract. Loan contracts secured by collateral that is geographically concentrated could 
experience higher rates of delinquencies, default and foreclosure losses than loan contracts secured by collateral that 
is more geographically dispersed. CountryPlace has loan contracts secured by factory-built homes located in 29 
states, including Texas, Florida, New Mexico, Arizona and Alabama.

Changes in laws or other events that adversely affect liquidity in the secondary mortgage market could hurt our 
business. The GSEs, principally Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae, as well as the FHA, play a significant 
role in buying home mortgages and creating investment securities that are either sold to investors or held in their 
portfolios. These organizations provide essential liquidity to the secondary mortgage market. Any new federal laws 
or regulations that restrict or curtail their activities, or any other events or conditions that prevent or restrict these 
enterprises from continuing their historic businesses, could affect the ability of our customers to obtain loans or 
could increase home loan interest rates, fees and credit standards. This could reduce demand for our homes and/or 
the loans that we originate and adversely affect our results of operations.

We believe that providing financing alternatives to our customers improves our responsiveness to the financing 

needs of prospective purchasers and provides us with opportunities for additional sources of loan origination and 
servicing revenues.

Insurance. Standard Casualty specializes in homeowner property and casualty insurance products for the 
manufactured housing industry. Standard Casualty is domiciled in Texas and is primarily a specialty writer of 
manufactured home physical damage insurance. Standard Casualty holds insurance licenses in multiple states; 
however, a significant portion of its writings occur in Texas and Arizona. In addition to writing direct policies, 
Standard Casualty assumes and cedes reinsurance in the ordinary course of business. In Texas, the policies are 
written through one affiliated managing general agent, which produces all premiums, except surety, and through 
local agents, most of which are manufactured home retailers. All business outside the state of Texas is written on a 
direct basis through local agents.

Financing

Commercial Financing. Certain of our wholesale factory-built housing sales to independent retailers were 
purchased through wholesale floor plan financing arrangements. Under a typical floor plan financing arrangement, 
an independent financial institution specializing in this line of business provides the retailer with a loan for the 
purchase price of the home and maintains a security interest in the home as collateral. The financial institution 
customarily requires us, as the manufacturer of the home, to enter into a separate repurchase agreement with the 
financial institution under which we are obligated, upon default by the retailer and under certain other 
circumstances, to repurchase the financed home at declining prices over the term of the repurchase agreement 
(which in most cases is 18 to 36 months). The price at which we may be obligated to repurchase a home under these 
agreements is based upon the amount financed, plus certain administrative and shipping expenses. Our obligation 
under these repurchase agreements ceases upon the purchase of the home by the retail customer. The maximum 
amount of our contingent obligations under such repurchase agreements was approximately $46.6 million as of 
April 2, 2016 compared to $28.3 million as of March 28, 2015. The risk of loss under these agreements is spread 
over many retailers and is further reduced by the resale value of the homes.

7

The availability of inventory financing for the industry’s wholesale distribution chain continues to improve. 
Faced with illiquid capital markets in late calendar year 2008, each of the manufactured housing sector’s remaining 
inventory finance companies (floor plan lenders) initiated significant changes and one company ceased lending 
activities in the industry entirely. Other finance programs are subject to more restrictive terms that continue to 
evolve, and in some cases, require the financial involvement of the Company. As a result, the Company has entered 
into certain commercial loan programs whereby the Company provides a significant amount of the funds that 
independent financiers lend to distributors to finance retail inventories of our products. In addition, the Company 
has entered into direct commercial loan arrangements with distributors of our products under which the Company 
provides funds for financing purchases (see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The Company’s 
involvement in commercial loans has increased the availability of manufactured home financing to distributors, 
communities and developers. We believe that our taking part in the wholesale financing of homes is helpful to the 
borrowers and allows our homes continued exposure to potential home buyers. These initiatives support the 
Company’s ongoing efforts to expand our distribution base in all of our markets with existing and new customers. 
However, the initiatives expose the Company to risks associated with the creditworthiness of certain customers and 
business partners, including independent retailers, developers, communities and inventory financing partners, many 
of whom may be adversely affected by the volatile conditions in the economy and financial markets. 

Consumer Financing. Sales of factory-built homes are significantly affected by the availability and cost of 
consumer financing. There are three basic types of consumer financing in the factory-built housing industry: chattel 
or personal property loans for purchasers of a home with no real estate involved (generally HUD code homes); non-
conforming mortgages for purchasers of the home and the land on which the home is placed; and conforming 
mortgage loans which comply with the requirements of FHA, Veterans Affairs or GSE loans.

Beginning in mid-1999, lenient credit standards for chattel loans originated in prior years resulted in increased 
numbers of repossessions of manufactured homes and excessive inventory levels at that time. The poor performance 
of manufactured home loan portfolios made it difficult for consumer finance companies in the industry to obtain 
long-term capital in the asset-backed securitization market. As a result, many consumer finance companies curtailed 
their lending or exited the manufactured housing loan industry entirely. Since then, the lenders who remained in the 
business tightened their credit standards and, in some cases, increased fees and interest rates for chattel loans, which 
reduced lending volumes and lowered sales volumes of manufactured homes.

Consumer financing for the retail purchase of manufactured homes needs to become generally more available 
before marked emergence from current low home shipment levels can occur. Restrictive underwriting guidelines, 
irregular appraisal processes, higher interest rates compared to site-built homes, regulatory burdens, a limited 
number of institutions lending to manufactured home buyers and limited secondary market availability for 
manufactured home loans are significant constraints to industry growth. We are working directly with other industry 
participants to develop manufactured home consumer financing models to better attract industry financiers 
interested in furthering or expanding lending opportunities in the industry. We have invested in community-based 
lending initiatives that provide home-only financing to new residents of certain manufactured home communities. 
We are also working through industry trade associations to encourage favorable legislative and GSE action to 
address the mortgage financing needs of potential buyers of affordable homes. Only limited progress has been made 
in this area and meaningful positive impact in the form of increased home orders has yet to be realized.

Competition

The manufactured housing industry is highly competitive at both the manufacturing and retail levels, with 
competition based upon several factors, including price, product features, reputation for service and quality, depth 
of distribution, promotion, merchandising and the terms of retail customer financing. We compete with 
approximately 35 other producers of manufactured homes, as well as companies offering for sale homes 
repossessed from wholesalers or consumers. In addition, manufactured homes compete with new and existing site-
built homes, as well as apartments, townhouses and condominiums.

8

There are a number of other national manufacturers competing for a significant share of the manufactured 
housing market in the United States, including Clayton Homes, Inc., Champion Home Builders, Inc. and Skyline 
Corporation. Certain of these competitors possess greater financial, manufacturing, distribution and marketing 
resources.

Although many lenders to factory-built home buyers have reduced their volume or exited the business, there are 

significant competitors to CountryPlace in the markets we serve. These competitors include national, regional and 
local banks, independent finance companies, mortgage brokers and mortgage banks, such as: 21st Mortgage 
Corporation, an affiliate of Clayton Homes, Inc. and Berkshire Hathaway, Inc.; Triad Finance Corporation; and CU 
Factory Built Lending, LP. Certain of these competitors are larger than CountryPlace and have access to 
substantially more capital and cost efficiencies.

The market for homeowners insurance is highly competitive. Standard Casualty competes principally in 
property and casualty insurance for owners of manufactured homes with companies such as National Lloyds and 
Columbia Lloyds. We compete based on price, the breadth of our product offerings, product features, customer 
service, claim handling and use of technology.

Government Regulation

Our manufactured homes are subject to a number of federal, state and local laws, codes and regulations. 

Construction of manufactured housing is governed by the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety 
Standards Act of 1974, as amended, or the Home Construction Act. In 1976, HUD issued regulations under the 
Home Construction Act establishing comprehensive national construction standards. In 1994, the codes were 
amended and expanded to, among other things, address specific requirements for homes destined for geographic 
areas subject to severe weather conditions. The HUD regulations, known collectively as the Federal Manufactured 
Home Construction and Safety Standards, cover all aspects of manufactured home construction, including structural 
integrity, fire safety, wind loads, thermal protection and ventilation. Such regulations preempt conflicting state and 
local regulations on such matters, and are subject to periodic change. Our manufacturing facilities, and the plans 
and specifications of the HUD code manufactured homes they produce, have been approved by a HUD-certified 
inspection agency. Further, an independent HUD-certified third-party inspector regularly reviews our manufactured 
homes for compliance with HUD regulations during construction. Failure to comply with applicable HUD 
regulations could expose us to a wide variety of sanctions, including mandated closings of our manufacturing 
facilities. We believe our manufactured homes are in substantial compliance with all present HUD requirements. 
Our park model RVs are not subject to HUD regulations, but we believe that our park model RVs meet all present 
standards of the American National Standards Institute.

Manufactured and site-built homes are all typically built with wood products that contain formaldehyde resins. 
HUD regulates the allowable concentrations of formaldehyde in certain products used in manufactured homes and 
requires manufacturers to warn purchasers as to formaldehyde-associated risks. The Environmental Protection 
Agency ("EPA") and other governmental agencies have in the past evaluated the effects of formaldehyde. We use 
materials in our manufactured homes that meet HUD standards for formaldehyde emissions and believe we comply 
with HUD and other applicable government regulations in this regard.

The transportation of manufactured homes on highways is subject to regulation by various federal, state and 
local authorities. Such regulations may prescribe size and road use limitations and impose lower than normal speed 
limits and various other requirements.

We have leased space for our manufacturing facility in Goodyear, Arizona since 1993. The leased premises is 

part of what is referred to as the Phoenix-Goodyear Airport (South) Superfund Site ("PGAS"), which was 
designated as a National Priorities List ("NPL") site under the authority of the Comprehensive Environmental 
Response, Compensation and Liability Act in 1983. The reason for the site's NPL designation was because of 
extensive soil and groundwater contamination (trichloroethylene, chromium and cadmium) that resulted from 
historic manufacturing by the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company ("Goodyear Tire") and the United States 
Department of Defense. Pursuant to a consent decree entered into with the EPA, Goodyear Tire is responsible for 
taking certain remedial actions at the PGAS site. 

9

On September 30, 2015, the EPA issued its Third Five-Year Review Report for Phoenix Goodyear Airport 
(North and South Areas) Superfund Site (the "Third Five-Year Report") and reported that "[t]he remedy at PGAS is 
currently protective of human health and environment because there is no complete exposure pathway to 
contaminated groundwater or soil. Soil contamination has been addressed and the vapor intrusion pathway is not 
complete. Monitoring of COG production wells continues to ensure that the public is not being exposed to 
contaminated groundwater that exceeds the MCLs." In order to ensure the remedy will be protective in the long-
term, the EPA has recommended that the following action be taken: modify the sampling plans to include all COCs, 
assess the need for new cleanup level for arsenic, and determine the necessity of institutional controls. The next five 
year review is due within five years of September 30, 2015. The preceding summary of the Third Five-Year Report 
does not purport to be complete, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the report itself which is available at 
https://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/sfund/r9sfdocw.nsf/vwsoalphabetic/Phoenix-Goodyear+Airport+Area#repositories.

Our lease specifically refers to the consent decree with the EPA and provides that, as between our Landlord 

(now JRC Goodyear, LLC) and us, the Landlord will be responsible for any liabilities resulting from the existing 
contamination at the site and that the Landlord will indemnify, defend, and hold us, our directors, our officers, our 
employees, our agents, and our successors, harmless for such liabilities. During the 23 years that we have conducted 
manufacturing operations at the Goodyear, Arizona facility, we have never received any inquiry or notice from the 
EPA or the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality suggesting that we may be liable for any costs associated 
with the remediation of the PGAS site. There are no underground storage tanks at the Goodyear, Arizona facility.

Our manufactured homes are subject to local zoning and housing regulations. In certain cities and counties in 
areas where our homes are sold, local governmental ordinances and regulations have been enacted which restrict the 
placement of manufactured homes on privately-owned land or which require the placement of manufactured homes 
in manufactured home communities. Such ordinances and regulations may adversely affect our ability to sell homes 
for installation in communities where they are in effect. A number of states have adopted procedures governing the 
installation of manufactured homes. Utility connections are subject to state and local regulations which must be 
complied with by the retailer or other person installing the home.

Certain warranties we issue may be subject to the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Federal Trade Commission 
Improvement Act ("Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act"), which regulates the descriptions of warranties on consumer 
products. In the case of warranties subject to the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, the Company is subject to a 
number of additional regulatory requirements. For example, warranties that are subject to the Magnuson-Moss 
Warranty Act must be included in a single easy-to-read document that is generally made available prior to purchase. 
The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act also prohibits certain attempts to disclaim or modify implied warranties and the 
use of deceptive or misleading terms. A claim for a violation of the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act can be the 
subject of an action in federal court in which consumers may be able to recover attorneys' fees. The description and 
substance of our warranties are also subject to a variety of state laws and regulations. A number of states require 
manufactured home producers to post bonds to ensure the satisfaction of consumer warranty claims.

A variety of laws affect the financing of the homes we manufacture. The Federal Consumer Credit Protection 
Act ("Truth-in-Lending Act") and Regulation Z promulgated thereunder require written disclosure of information 
relating to such financing, including the amount of the annual percentage interest rate and the finance charge. The 
Federal Fair Credit Reporting Act also requires certain disclosures to potential customers concerning credit 
information used as a basis to deny credit. The Federal Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B promulgated 
thereunder prohibit discrimination against any credit applicant based on certain specified grounds. The Real Estate 
Settlement Procedures Act ("RESPA") and Regulation X promulgated thereunder require certain disclosures 
regarding the nature and costs of real estate settlements. The Federal Trade Commission has adopted or proposed 
various Trade Regulation Rules dealing with unfair credit and collection practices and the preservation of 
consumers' claims and defenses. Installment sales contracts, direct loans and mortgage loans eligible for inclusion 
in a Ginnie Mae program are subject to the credit underwriting requirements of the FHA. A variety of state laws 
also regulate the form of financing documents and the allowable deposits, finance charge and fees chargeable 
pursuant to financing documents.

10

In 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank Act") was passed into 

law. The Dodd-Frank Act is a sweeping piece of legislation, and the financial services industry continues to assess 
its implications and implement necessary changes in procedures and business practices. Although Congress detailed 
some significant changes, and new rules have been implemented, the full impact remains unknown and may not be 
fully known for years, as regulations that are intended to implement the Dodd-Frank Act continue to be adopted by 
the appropriate agencies, and the text of the Dodd-Frank Act is analyzed by impacted stakeholders and possibly the 
courts. The Dodd-Frank Act established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB") to regulate consumer 
financial products and services. 

In 2014, certain CFPB mortgage finance rules required under the Dodd-Frank Act became effective. The rules 

apply to consumer credit transactions secured by a dwelling, which include real property mortgages and chattel 
loans (financed without land) secured by manufactured homes. The rules defined standards for origination of 
"Qualified Mortgages," established specific requirements for lenders to prove borrowers' ability to repay loans and 
outlined the conditions under which Qualified Mortgages are subject to safe harbor limitations on liability to 
borrowers. The rules also established interest rates and other cost parameters for determining which Qualified 
Mortgages fall under safe harbor protection. Among other issues, Qualified Mortgages with interest rates and other 
costs outside the limits are deemed "rebuttable" by borrowers and expose the lender and its assignees (including 
investors in loans, pools of loans, and instruments secured by loans or loan pools) to possible litigation and 
penalties.

While many manufactured homes are currently financed with agency-conforming mortgages in which the 
ability to repay is verified, and interest rates and other costs are within the safe harbor limits established under the 
CFPB mortgage finance rules, certain loans to finance the purchase of manufactured homes, especially chattel loans 
and non-conforming land-home loans, may fall outside the safe harbor limits. The CFPB rules have caused some 
lenders to curtail underwriting such loans, and some investors are reluctant to own or participate in owning such 
loans because of the uncertainty of potential litigation and other costs. As a result, some prospective buyers of 
manufactured homes may be unable to secure the financing necessary to complete purchases. In addition, 
compliance with the law and ongoing issuance of rule implementation has caused lenders to incur additional costs 
to implement new processes, procedures, controls and infrastructure required to comply with the regulations. 
Compliance may constrain lenders' ability to profitably price certain loans. Failure to comply with these regulations, 
changes in these or other regulations, or the imposition of additional regulations, could affect our earnings, limit our 
access to capital and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. 

The CFPB rules amending the Truth-in-Lending Act ("TILA") and the RESPA expand the types of mortgage 
loans that are subject to the protections of the Home Ownership and Equity Protections Act of 1994 ("HOEPA"), 
revise and expand the tests for coverage under HOEPA, and impose additional restrictions on mortgages that are 
covered by HOEPA. As a result, certain manufactured home loans are now subject to HOEPA limits on interest rates 
and fees. Loans with rates or fees in excess of the limits are deemed High Cost Mortgages and provide additional 
protections for borrowers, including with respect to determining the value of the home. Most loans for the purchase 
of manufactured homes have been written at rates and fees that would not appear to be considered High Cost 
Mortgages under the new rule. Although some lenders may continue to offer loans that are now deemed High Cost 
Mortgages, the rate and fee limits appear to have deterred some lenders from offering loans to certain borrowers 
due to the limits on rates and fees or be reluctant to enter into loans subject to the provisions of HOEPA. As a result, 
some prospective buyers of manufactured homes may be unable to secure financing necessary to complete 
manufactured home purchases.

Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act amended provisions of TILA to require rules for appraisals on principal 
residences securing higher-priced mortgage loans ("HPML"). Certain loans secured by manufactured homes, 
primarily chattel loans, could be considered HPMLs. Among other things, the rules require creditors to provide 
copies of appraisal reports to borrowers prior to loan closing. To implement these amendments, the CFPB adopted 
the HPML Appraisal Rule effective December 30, 2014 and loans secured by new manufactured homes were 
exempt from the rule until July 18, 2015. While the effects of these new requirements are not fully known, some 
prospective home buyers may be deterred from completing a manufactured home purchase as a result of appraised 
values.

11

The Dodd-Frank Act also required integrating disclosures provided by lenders to borrowers under TILA and 

RESPA. The final rule became effective October 3, 2015. The TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure ("TRID") 
mandated extensive changes to the mortgage loan closing process and necessitated significant changes to mortgage 
origination systems. Since its implementation, technical ambiguities in the rule have resulted in lender and investor 
uncertainty regarding acceptable cures and tolerances for disclosure and estimate errors. It is not yet fully known 
how the GSEs and HUD will view TRID compliance, how they will apply their own interpretations of TRID to 
their repurchase and claims review processes, or how the market for private-label securitizations may be impacted.

The American Housing Rescue and Foreclosure Prevention Act was enacted in 2008 to provide assistance by 
way of legislation for the housing industry, including manufactured homes. Among other things, the act provided 
for increased loan limits for chattel (home-only Title I) loans to $69,678, up 43% from the previous limit of $48,600 
set in 1992. New Federal Housing Administration ("FHA") Title I program guidelines became effective on June 1, 
2010 and provide Ginnie Mae the ability to securitize manufactured home FHA Title I loans. These guidelines were 
intended to allow lenders to obtain new capital, which can then be used to fund new loans for our customers. 
Chattel loans have languished for several years and these changes were meant to broaden chattel financing 
availability for prospective homeowners. However, we are aware of only a small number of loans currently being 
securitized under the Ginnie Mae program.

The Secure and Fair Enforcement for Mortgage Licensing Act of 2008 ("SAFE Act") established requirements 
for the licensing and registration of all individuals that are Mortgage Loan Originators ("MLOs"). MLOs must be 
registered or licensed by the states. Traditionally, manufactured housing retailers have assisted home buyers with 
securing financing for the purchase of homes. This assistance may have included assisting with loan applications 
and presenting terms of loans. Under the SAFE Act, these activities are prohibited unless performed by a registered 
or licensed MLO. Although the definition of an MLO contains exemptions for administrative and other specific 
functions and industries, manufactured housing retailers are no longer able to negotiate rates and terms for loans 
unless they are licensed as MLOs. Compliance may have required manufactured housing retailers to alter business 
practices related to assisting home buyers in securing financing. This may have resulted in penalties assessed 
against or litigation costs incurred by retailers found to be in violation, reduced home sales from home buyers’ 
inability to secure financing without retailer assistance, or increased costs to home buyers or reduced transaction 
profitability for retailers as a result of the additional cost of mandatory MLO involvement.

If passed by Congress and signed into law, the proposed Preserving Access to Manufactured Housing Act 
(Senate Bill 682 and House of Representatives Bill 650) would amend some Dodd-Frank Act provisions that affect 
manufactured housing financing. The bill would revise the triggers by which small-sized manufactured home loans 
are considered "High-Cost" under HOEPA and clarify the MLO licensing requirements for manufactured home 
retailers and their employees.

Our sale of insurance products is subject to various state insurance laws and regulations which govern 

allowable charges and other insurance practices. Standard Casualty’s insurance operations are regulated by the state 
insurance boards where it underwrites its policies. Underwriting, premiums, investments and capital reserves 
(including dividend payments to stockholders) are subject to the rules and regulations of these state agencies.

In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education 
Reconciliation Act ("Health Reform Law"), was passed into law. As enacted, the Health Reform Law reforms, 
among other things, certain aspects of health insurance. The Health Reform Law could continue to increase our 
healthcare costs, adversely impacting the Company's earnings.

Governmental authorities have the power to enforce compliance with their regulations, and violations may 

result in the payment of fines, the entry of injunctions or both. Although we believe that our operations are in 
substantial compliance with the requirements of all applicable laws and regulations, these requirements have 
generally become more strict in recent years. Accordingly, we are unable to predict the ultimate cost of compliance 
with all applicable laws and enforcement policies.

See also "Regulatory Developments" in Part II, Item 7 of this Annual Report.

12

Seasonality

The housing industry is subject to seasonal fluctuations based on new home buyer purchasing patterns. Still, 
diversification among Cavco’s product lines and operations have served to partially offset the extent of seasonal 
fluctuations. Demand for our core single-family new home products typically peaks each spring and summer before 
declining in the winter, consistent with the overall housing industry. Demand patterns for park model RVs and 
homes used primarily for retirement seasonal living partially offset the general housing seasonality. Cabins used for 
camping and vacation use are placed in a variety of climates that further mitigates the effects of seasonality on our 
sales volume. Cavco’s Company-owned retail stores experience decreased home buyer traffic during holidays and 
popular vacation periods; however, the one to three month retail sales process tends to somewhat mitigate the 
impact of these irregular traffic patterns.

Cavco’s mortgage subsidiary experiences minimal seasonal fluctuation in its mortgage origination activities as a 

result of the time needed for loan application approval processes and subsequent home loan closing activities. The 
mortgage subsidiary realizes no seasonal impacts from its mortgage servicing operations. Revenue for the home 
insurance subsidiary is not impacted by seasonality as it recognizes revenue from policy sales ratably over each 
policy’s term year. The insurance subsidiary is subject to the effects of seasonal storms in Texas, where most of its 
policies are underwritten. Spring storm activity typically spikes each April and May, the prime season for Texas 
weather events. During the quarter ended June 27, 2015, record setting storm activity in Texas produced high 
insurance claims volume. The severity of the hail and wind related damage to insured homes were considerably 
greater than most spring storm seasons. Losses from these catastrophic events were somewhat limited by 
reinsurance contracts in place, which responded as intended as part of the Company’s loss mitigation structure. 
While the severity of weather events has and can be expected to vary over time, the insurance subsidiary is a well-
established and time-tested business. The entity has been a solid performer for the Company over time despite 
occasional periods of high claims experience.

Employees

We have approximately 3,750 employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.

Available Information

We make available free of charge through our Internet site, www.cavco.com, the following filings as soon as 

reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange 
Commission ("SEC"): the Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, the Conflict 
Minerals Report on Form SD, the Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those Reports filed or furnished 
pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act").

13

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Our business involves a number of risks and uncertainties. You should carefully consider the following risks, 
together with the information provided elsewhere in this Annual Report. The items described below are not the only 
risks facing us. Additional risks that are currently unknown to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial may 
also impair our business or adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.

We operate in an industry that is currently experiencing a prolonged and significant downturn

Since mid-1999, the manufactured housing industry has experienced a prolonged and significant downturn. This 

downturn has resulted in part from the fact that, beginning in 1999, consumer lenders in the sector began to tighten 
underwriting standards and curtail credit availability in response to higher than anticipated rates of loan defaults and 
significant losses upon the repossession and resale of the manufactured homes securing defaulted loans. From 2004 
to 2007, the industry’s downturn was exacerbated by the aggressive financing methods available to customers of 
developers and marketers of site-built homes, which had the effect of diverting potential manufactured housing 
buyers to more expensive site-built homes. Since 2008, the global credit crisis and general deterioration of 
economic conditions have extended the depressed market conditions in which our industry operates. These factors 
have resulted in reduced wholesale shipments and excess manufacturing and retail locations.

As a result of the foregoing factors, and based on industry data as of the end of 2015, the number of active 
industry manufacturing facilities was 121, a decrease of 202 plants since 1999, representing a 63% reduction. The 
availability of consumer financing for the purchase of manufactured homes continues to be constrained. If current 
industry conditions continue or get materially worse, we may be required to take steps in an attempt to mitigate the 
effect of unfavorable industry conditions, such as the closure of facilities or consolidation of existing operations. 
These steps could impair our ability to conduct our business in a manner consistent with past practice and could 
make it more difficult for us to expand our operations if and when industry conditions improve. Furthermore, some 
of these steps could lead to fixed asset, goodwill or other impairment charges.

We may not be able to successfully integrate past acquisitions, including the recent acquisitions of Fairmont 
Homes and Chariot Eagle, or any future acquisition to attain the anticipated benefits. Past acquisitions may 
adversely impact the Company’s liquidity

We completed the acquisition of certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of Fleetwood in fiscal year 
2010 and of Palm Harbor in fiscal year 2012. Also in fiscal year 2012, we purchased all of the outstanding shares of 
CountryPlace and Standard Casualty.

On March 30, 2015, we completed the purchase of the business and operating assets of Chariot Eagle, Inc., a 
Florida based manufacturer of park model RVs and manufactured homes. On May 1, 2015, Cavco acquired certain 
assets and liabilities of Fairmont Homes. Fairmont Homes is a builder of manufactured and modular homes and 
park model RVs with manufacturing plants in Indiana and Minnesota. 

We may consider other strategic acquisitions if such opportunities arise. The Fleetwood, Palm Harbor, Chariot 

Eagle and Fairmont Homes transactions, and other acquisitions that we may consider in the future, involve a 
number of risks, including the diversion of our management’s attention from our existing business for those 
transactions that we complete, or possible adverse effects on our operating results during the integration process and 
on our liquidity. In addition, we may not be able to successfully or profitably integrate, operate, maintain and 
manage the operations or employees of Fairmont Homes and Chariot Eagle or potential future acquisitions. We also 
may not be able to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies, which may lead to financial 
losses.

14

Our involvement in vertically integrated lines of business, including manufactured housing consumer finance, 
commercial finance and insurance, exposes the Company to certain risks

CountryPlace offers conforming mortgages, non-conforming mortgages, and chattel loans to purchasers of 
factory-built homes sold by Company-owned retail sales centers and independent retailers, builders, communities 
and developers. CountryPlace is an approved seller/servicer with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, is approved by 
HUD to originate FHA-insured mortgages under its Direct Endorsement program, and is approved to issue Ginnie 
Mae mortgage-backed securities. Most loans originated through CountryPlace are sold to investors. CountryPlace 
also provides various loan servicing functions for non-affiliated entities under contract.

If CountryPlace’s customers are unable to repay their loans, CountryPlace may be adversely affected. 
CountryPlace makes loans to borrowers that it believes are creditworthy based on its underwriting guidelines. 
However, the ability of these customers to repay their loans may be affected by a number of factors, including, but 
not limited to: national, regional and local economic conditions; changes or continued weakness in specific industry 
segments; natural hazard risks affecting the region in which the borrower resides; and employment, financial or life 
circumstances.

If customers do not repay their loans, CountryPlace may repossess or foreclose on the secured property in order 
to liquidate its loan collateral and minimize losses. The homes and land securing the loans are subject to fluctuating 
market values, and proceeds realized from liquidating repossessed or foreclosed property are highly susceptible to 
adverse movements in collateral values. Home price depreciation and elevated levels of unemployment may result 
in additional defaults and exacerbate actual loss severities upon collateral liquidation beyond those normally 
experienced by CountryPlace.

Some of the loans CountryPlace has originated or may originate in the future may not have a liquid market, or 
the market may contract rapidly and the loans may become illiquid. Although CountryPlace offers loan products and 
prices its loans at levels that it believes are marketable at the time of credit application approval, market conditions 
for mortgage-related loans may deteriorate rapidly and significantly. CountryPlace’s ability to respond to changing 
market conditions is bound by credit approval and funding commitments it makes in advance of loan completion. In 
this environment, it is difficult to predict the types of loan products and characteristics that may be susceptible to 
future market curtailments and tailor our loan offerings accordingly. As a result, no assurances can be given that the 
market value of our loans will not decline in the future, or that a market will continue to exist for loan products.

CountryPlace sells loans through GSE-related programs and whole-loan purchasers. In connection with these 
activities, CountryPlace provides to the GSEs and whole-loan purchasers representations and warranties related to 
the loans sold. These representations and warranties generally relate to the ownership of the loans, the validity of the 
liens securing the loans, the loans' compliance with the criteria for inclusion in the sale transactions, including 
compliance with underwriting standards or loan criteria established by buyers and CountryPlace’s ability to deliver 
documentation in compliance with applicable laws. Generally, representations and warranties may be enforced at 
any time over the life of the loan. Upon a breach of a representation, CountryPlace may be required to repurchase 
the loan or to indemnify a party for incurred losses. Repurchase demands and claims for indemnification payments 
are reviewed on a loan-by-loan basis to validate if there has been a breach requiring repurchase or indemnification. 
CountryPlace manages the risk of repurchase through underwriting and quality assurance practices and by servicing 
the mortgage loans to investor standards. CountryPlace maintains a reserve for these contingent repurchase and 
indemnification obligations.

Standard Casualty and Standard Insurance Agency specialize in the manufactured housing industry, primarily 

serving the Texas, Arizona, New Mexico and Georgia markets. In Texas, the policies are written through one 
affiliated managing general agent, which produces all premiums, except surety, through local agents, most of which 
are manufactured home retailers. All insurance policies outside the state of Texas are written on a direct basis 
through local agents. Property and casualty insurance companies are subject to certain risk-based capital 
requirements as specified by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. Under those requirements, the 
amount of capital and surplus maintained by a property and casualty insurance company is determined based on its 
various risk factors.

15

Certain of Standard Casualty’s premiums and benefits are assumed from and ceded to other insurance 
companies under various reinsurance agreements. The ceded reinsurance agreements provide Standard Casualty 
with increased capacity to write larger risks. Standard Casualty remains obligated for amounts ceded in the event 
that the reinsurers do not meet their obligations. Substantially all of Standard Casualty’s assumed reinsurance is 
with one entity. Further, Standard Casualty’s policies in force may be subject to numerous risks including 
geographic concentration, adverse selection, home deterioration, unusual weather events, and regulation. Although 
claim amounts are recoverable by Standard Casualty through reinsurance for catastrophic losses up to policy 
maximums, significant losses may be realized and our results of operations and financial condition could be 
adversely affected.

Tightened credit standards, curtailed lending activity by home-only lenders and increased government lending 
regulations have contributed to a constrained consumer financing market

Consumers who buy our manufactured homes have historically secured retail financing from third-party 

lenders. Home-only financing is at times more difficult to obtain than financing for site-built homes. The 
availability, terms and costs of retail financing depend on the lending practices of financial institutions, 
governmental policies and economic and other conditions, all of which are beyond our control.

Since 1999, home-only lenders have tightened the credit underwriting standards for loans to purchase 
manufactured homes, which has reduced lending volumes and negatively impacted our revenue. Most of the 
national lenders who have historically provided home-only loans have exited the manufactured housing sector of the 
home loan industry. In 2002, Conseco, historically one of the largest originators of home-only loans in the 
manufactured housing industry, filed for bankruptcy protection and ceased its lending activities. In 2004, JPMorgan 
Chase Bank N.A., the lender with the largest loan origination volume in the home-only financing market at that 
time, announced it was ceasing its manufactured housing lending activities. In 2008, Origen Financial, Inc. 
announced that it was suspending originations of manufactured home loans as a result of unfavorable conditions in 
the secondary market for its loans. Another major lender, 21st Mortgage Corporation, citing unreliable and 
inadequate sources of funding, announced in 2009 that it was significantly curtailing its retail lending program. 
Remaining retail lenders have tightened their loan underwriting standards. In 2014, U.S. Bank announced that they 
would exit the indirect manufactured housing lending business, requiring consumers to apply through their normal 
mortgage lending programs. Retail sales of manufactured housing could be adversely affected if remaining retail 
lenders curtail industry lending activities or exit the industry altogether.

Changes in laws or other events that adversely affect liquidity in the secondary mortgage market could hurt our 

business. The GSEs and the FHA play significant roles in insuring or purchasing home mortgages and creating or 
insuring investment securities that are either sold to investors or held in their portfolios. These organizations provide 
significant liquidity to the secondary market. Any new federal laws or regulations that restrict or curtail their 
activities, or any other events or conditions that alter the roles of these organizations in the housing finance market 
could affect the ability of our customers to obtain mortgage loans or could increase mortgage interest rates, fees, and 
credit standards, which could reduce demand for our homes and/or the loans that we originate and adversely affect 
our results of operations.

In 2010, the Dodd-Frank Act was passed into law. The Dodd-Frank Act is a sweeping piece of legislation, and 
the financial services industry continues to assess its implications and implement necessary changes in procedures 
and business practices. The Dodd-Frank Act established the CFPB to regulate consumer financial products and 
services. Although Congress detailed some significant changes, and many new rules have been implemented, the 
full impact remains unknown and may not be fully known for years as the development of additional rules continue, 
and Congress considers amending part of the Act. Enforcement actions are in the early stages and the effects of 
possible litigation related to the regulations remains unknown.

16

In 2014, certain CFPB mortgage finance rules required under the Dodd-Frank Act became effective. The rules 

apply to consumer credit transactions secured by a dwelling, which include real property mortgages and chattel 
loans (financed without land) secured by manufactured homes. The rules defined standards for origination of 
"Qualified Mortgages," established specific requirements for lenders to prove borrowers' ability to repay loans and 
outlined the conditions under which Qualified Mortgages are subject to safe harbor limitations on liability to 
borrowers. The rules also established interest rates and other cost parameters for determining which Qualified 
Mortgages fall under safe harbor protection. Among other issues, Qualified Mortgages with interest rates and other 
costs outside the limits are deemed "rebuttable" by borrowers and expose the lender and its assignees (including 
investors in loans, pools of loans, and instruments secured by loans or loan pools) to possible litigation and 
penalties.

While many manufactured homes are currently financed with agency-conforming mortgages in which the 
ability to repay is verified, and interest rates and other costs are within the safe harbor limits established under the 
CFPB mortgage finance rules, certain loans to finance the purchase of manufactured homes, especially chattel loans 
and non-conforming land-home loans, may fall outside the safe harbor limits. The rules have caused some lenders to 
curtail underwriting such loans, and some investors are reluctant to own or participate in owning such loans because 
of the uncertainty of potential litigation and other costs. If so, some prospective buyers of manufactured homes may 
be unable to secure the financing necessary to complete purchases. In addition, compliance with the law and 
ongoing rule implementation has caused lenders to incur additional costs to implement new processes, procedures, 
controls and infrastructure required to comply with the regulations. Compliance may constrain lenders' ability to 
profitably price certain loans. Failure to comply with these regulations, changes in these or other regulations, or the 
imposition of additional regulations, could affect our earnings, limit our access to capital and have a material 
adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

The CFPB rules amending the TILA and RESPA expand the types of mortgage loans that are subject to the 

protections of the HOEPA, revise and expand the tests for coverage under HOEPA, and impose additional 
restrictions on mortgages that are covered by HOEPA. As a result, certain manufactured home loans are now subject 
to HOEPA limits on interest rates and fees. Loans with rates or fees in excess of the limits are deemed High Cost 
Mortgages and provide additional protections for borrowers, including with respect to determining the value of the 
home. Most loans for the purchase of manufactured homes have been written at rates and fees that would not appear 
to be considered High Cost Mortgages under the new rule. Although some lenders may continue to offer loans that 
are now deemed High Cost Mortgages, the rate and fee limits appear to have deterred some lenders from offering 
loans to certain borrowers or may cause them to be reluctant to enter into loans subject to the provisions of HOEPA. 
As a result, some prospective buyers of manufactured homes may be unable to secure financing necessary to 
complete manufactured home purchases.

The availability of wholesale financing for industry retailers is limited due to a reduced number of floor plan 
lenders and reduced lending limits

Manufactured housing retailers generally finance their inventory purchases with wholesale floor plan financing 

provided by lending institutions. The availability of wholesale financing is significantly affected by the number of 
floor plan lenders and their lending limits. Since 1999, a substantial number of wholesale lenders have exited the 
industry or curtailed their floor plan operations. Conseco, historically the largest floor plan lender, previously 
providing about 25% of the industry's wholesale financing, discontinued approving and funding new floor plan loan 
requests in 2002 and later filed for bankruptcy protection. With Conseco's exit, Deutsche Financial Services was the 
largest remaining floor plan lender, providing approximately 20% of the industry's wholesale financing. Deutsche 
Financial Services discontinued approving and funding new floor plan loan requests in November 2002 and 
proceeded to liquidate its existing floor plan receivables. Textron Financial Corporation and GE Commercial 
Distribution Finance subsequently exited the business. As a result, the Company’s independent retailers have relied 
primarily on 21st Mortgage Corporation and smaller national and regional lending institutions that have specialized 
in providing wholesale floor plan financing to manufactured housing retailers. Floor plan financing providers could 
further reduce their levels of floor plan lending. Reduced availability of floor plan lending negatively affects the 
inventory levels of our independent retailers, the number of retail sales center locations and related wholesale 
demand, and adversely affects the availability of and access to capital on an ongoing basis.

17

Our participation in certain financing programs for the purchase of our products by industry distributors and 
consumers may expose us to additional risk of credit loss, which could adversely impact the Company’s liquidity 
and results of operations

We are exposed to risks associated with the creditworthiness of certain independent retailers, builders, 

developers, community owners, inventory financing partners and home buyers, many of whom may be adversely 
affected by the volatile conditions in the economy and financial markets. These conditions could result in financial 
instability or other adverse effects. The consequences of such adverse effects could include delinquencies by 
customers who purchase our product under special financing initiatives, and deterioration of collateral values. In 
addition, we may incur losses if our collateral cannot be recovered or liquidated at prices sufficient to recover 
recorded commercial loan notes receivable balances. The realization of any of these factors may adversely affect our 
cash flow, profitability and financial condition.

Our results of operations could be adversely affected by significant warranty and construction defect claims on 
factory-built housing

In the ordinary course of our business, we are subject to home warranty and construction defect claims. We 
record a reserve for estimated future warranty costs relating to homes sold, based upon our assessment of historical 
experience factors. Construction defect claims may arise during a significant period of time after product 
completion. Although we maintain general liability insurance and reserves for such claims, based on our 
assessments, which to date have been adequate, there can be no assurance that warranty and construction defect 
claims will remain at current levels or that such reserves will continue to be adequate. A large number of warranty 
and construction defect claims exceeding our current levels could have a material adverse effect on our results of 
operations.

We have contingent repurchase obligations related to wholesale financing provided to industry retailers

In accordance with customary business practice in the manufactured housing industry, we have entered into 
repurchase agreements with various financial institutions and other credit sources who provide floor plan financing 
to industry retailers, which provide that we will be obligated, under certain circumstances, to repurchase homes sold 
to retailers in the event of a default by a retailer in its obligation to such credit sources. Under these agreements, we 
have agreed to repurchase homes at declining prices over the term of the agreement (which in most cases is 18 to 36 
months). The maximum amount of our contingent obligations under such repurchase agreements was approximately 
$46.6 million as of April 2, 2016, without reduction for the resale value of the homes. We may be required to honor 
contingent repurchase obligations in the future and may incur additional expense as a consequence of these 
repurchase agreements.

Our operating results could be affected by market forces and declining housing demand

As a participant in the homebuilding industry, we are subject to market forces beyond our control. These market 

forces include employment levels, employment growth, interest rates, consumer confidence, land availability and 
development costs, apartment and rental housing vacancy levels, inflation, deflation and the health of the general 
economy. Unfavorable changes in any of the above factors or other issues could have an adverse effect on our 
revenue and earnings.

We have incurred net losses in certain prior periods and there can be no assurance that we will generate income 
in the future

Since becoming a stand-alone public company, we have generated net income each complete fiscal year, except 

for fiscal year 2010, in which we incurred net losses attributable in substantial part to the downturn affecting the 
manufactured housing industry, which is discussed in detail above. The likelihood that we will generate net income 
in the future must be considered in light of the difficulties facing the manufactured housing industry as a whole, 
economic conditions, the competitive environment in which we operate and the other risks and uncertainties 
discussed in this section of the Annual Report. There can be no assurance that we will generate net income in the 
future.

18

A write-off of all or part of our goodwill could adversely affect our operating results and net worth

As of April 2, 2016, 13% of our total assets consisted of goodwill, all of which is attributable to our factory-

built housing operations. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting 
Standards Codification ("ASC") 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"), we test goodwill annually for 
impairment by reporting unit by first making a qualitative assessment and, if necessary, performing the two-step test 
and recording an impairment charge if the implied fair value of a reporting unit, including goodwill, is less than its 
carrying value. If goodwill has become impaired, we charge the impairment as an expense in the period in which the 
impairment occurred. See Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations—Critical Accounting Policies" and Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Our goodwill 
could be impaired if developments affecting our manufacturing operations or the markets in which we produce 
manufactured homes lead us to conclude that the cash flows we expect to derive from our manufacturing operations 
will be substantially reduced. A write off of all or part of our goodwill could adversely affect our results of 
operations and financial condition.

The cyclical and seasonal nature of the manufactured housing industry causes our revenues and operating 
results to fluctuate, and we expect this cyclicality and seasonality to continue in the future

The manufactured housing industry is highly cyclical and seasonal and is influenced by many national and 
regional economic and demographic factors, including the availability of consumer financing for home buyers, the 
availability of wholesale financing for retailers, seasonality of demand, consumer confidence, interest rates, 
demographic and employment trends, income levels, housing demand, general economic conditions, including 
inflation and recessions, and the availability of suitable home sites.

As a result of the foregoing economic, demographic and other factors, our revenues and operating results 

fluctuate, and we expect them to continue to fluctuate in the future. Moreover, we have experienced and could again 
experience operating losses during cyclical downturns in the manufactured housing market.

Our liquidity and ability to raise capital may be limited

We may need to obtain debt or additional equity financing in the future. The type, timing and terms of the 
financing selected by us will depend on, among other things, our cash needs, the availability of other financing 
sources and prevailing conditions in the financial markets. There can be no assurance that any of these sources will 
be available to us at any time or that they will be available on satisfactory terms.

The manufactured housing industry is highly competitive, and increased competition may result in lower 
revenue

The manufactured housing industry is highly competitive. Competition at both the manufacturing and retail 

levels is based upon several factors, including price, product features, reputation for service and quality, 
merchandising, terms of retailer promotional programs and the terms of retail customer financing. Numerous 
companies produce manufactured homes in our markets. In addition, our homes compete with repossessed homes 
that are offered for sale in our markets. Certain of our manufacturing competitors also have their own retail 
distribution systems and consumer finance and insurance operations. In addition, there are many independent 
manufactured housing retail locations in most areas where we have retail operations. We believe that where 
wholesale floor plan financing is available, it is relatively easy for new retailers to enter into our markets as 
competitors. In addition, our products compete with other forms of low- to moderate-cost housing, including new 
and existing site-built homes, apartments, townhouses and condominiums. If we are unable to compete effectively 
in this environment, our factory-built housing revenue could be reduced.

19

If we are unable to establish or maintain relationships with independent distributors who sell our homes, our 
revenue could decline

During fiscal year 2016, approximately 81% of our wholesale sales of manufactured homes were to independent 

distributors. As is common in the industry, independent distributors may also sell homes produced by competing 
manufacturers. We may not be able to establish relationships with new independent distributors or maintain good 
relationships with independent distributors that sell our homes. Even if we do establish and maintain relationships 
with independent distributors, these distributors are not obligated to sell our homes exclusively and may choose to 
sell our competitors' homes instead. The independent distributors with whom we have relationships can cancel these 
relationships on short notice. In addition, these distributors may not remain financially solvent, as they are subject to 
industry, economic, demographic and seasonal trends similar to those faced by us. If we do not establish and 
maintain relationships with solvent independent distributors in one or more of our markets, revenue in those markets 
could decline.

Our business and operations are concentrated in certain geographic regions, which could be impacted by market 
declines

Our operations are concentrated in certain states, most notably Texas, California, Florida, Arizona, Oregon and 

Kentucky. Due to the concentrated nature of our operations, there could be instances where these regions are 
negatively impacted by economic, natural or population changes that could, in turn, negatively impact the results of 
the business, more than other companies that are more geographically dispersed.

The Company operates 19 homebuilding facilities located in the Pacific, Mountain, Midwest, South Central and 

South Atlantic regions. We have a significant presence in Texas with factories in the cities of Austin, Ft. Worth, 
Seguin and Waco. Further, of our 45 company-owned sales centers, 32 are located in Texas.

Loan contracts secured by collateral that is geographically concentrated could experience higher rates of 
delinquencies, default and foreclosure losses than loan contracts secured by collateral that is more geographically 
dispersed. CountryPlace has loan contracts secured by factory-built homes located in 29 states, including Texas, 
Florida, New Mexico, Arizona and Alabama.

Standard Casualty and Standard Insurance Agency specialize in the manufactured housing industry, primarily 

serving the Texas, Arizona, New Mexico and Georgia markets.

A decline in the economic conditions in Texas, California, Florida, Arizona Oregon and/or Kentucky could have 

a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our results of operations can be adversely affected by labor shortages and the pricing and availability of raw 
materials

The homebuilding industry has from time to time experienced labor shortages and other labor related issues. A 
number of factors may adversely affect the labor force available to us and our subcontractors in one or more of our 
markets including high employment levels, construction market conditions and government regulation, which 
include laws and regulations related to workers’ health and safety, wage and hour practices and immigration. An 
overall labor shortage or a lack of skilled or unskilled labor could cause significant increases in costs or delays in 
construction of homes, which could have a material adverse effect upon our revenue and results of operations.

Our results of operations can be affected by the pricing and availability of raw materials. Although we attempt 

to increase the sales prices of our homes in response to higher materials costs, such increases may lag behind the 
escalation of materials costs. Sudden increases in price and lack of availability of raw materials can be caused by 
natural disaster or other market forces, as has occurred in recent years. Although we have not experienced any 
production halts, severe or prolonged shortages of some of our most important building materials, which include 
wood and wood products, gypsum wallboard, steel, insulation, and other petroleum-based products, have occurred. 
There can be no assurance that sufficient supplies of these and other raw materials will continue to be available to 
us.

20

If the manufactured housing industry is not able to secure favorable local zoning ordinances, our revenue could 
decline and our business could be adversely affected

Manufactured housing communities and individual home placements are subject to local zoning ordinances and 

other local regulations relating to utility service and construction of roadways. In the past, property owners often 
have resisted the adoption of zoning ordinances permitting the location of manufactured homes in residential areas, 
which we believe has restricted the growth of the industry. Manufactured homes may not achieve widespread 
acceptance and localities may not adopt zoning ordinances permitting the development of manufactured home 
communities. If the manufactured housing industry is unable to secure favorable local zoning ordinances, our 
revenue could decline and our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

The loss of any of our executive officers could reduce our ability to execute our business strategy and could have 
a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations

We are dependent to a significant extent upon the efforts of our executive officers. The loss of the services of 
one or more of our executive officers could impair our ability to execute our business strategy and have a material 
adverse effect upon our business, financial condition and results of operations. We currently have no key person life 
or other insurance for our executive officers.

Certain provisions of our organizational documents could delay or make more difficult a change in control of 
our Company

Certain provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation and restated bylaws could delay or make more 
difficult transactions involving a change of control of our Company, and may have the effect of entrenching our 
current management or possibly depressing the market price of our common stock. For example, our restated 
certificate of incorporation and restated bylaws authorize blank series preferred stock, establish a staggered board of 
directors and impose certain procedural and other requirements for stockholder proposals. Furthermore, the fact that 
income taxes could be imposed as a result of ownership changes occurring in conjunction with a distribution may 
have the effect of delaying or making more difficult certain transactions involving a change of control of our 
Company.

Volatility of stock price

The price of our common stock may fluctuate widely, depending upon a number of factors, many of which are 

beyond our control. These factors include: the perceived prospects of our business and the manufactured housing 
industry as a whole; differences between our actual financial and operating results and those expected by investors 
and analysts; changes in analysts' recommendations or projections; changes affecting the availability of financing in 
the wholesale and consumer lending markets; actions or announcements by competitors; changes in the regulatory 
environment in which we operate; significant sales of shares by a principal stockholder; actions taken by 
stockholders that may be contrary to Board of Director recommendations; and changes in general economic or 
market conditions. In addition, stock markets generally experience significant price and volume volatility from time 
to time which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock for reasons unrelated to our performance.

Deterioration in economic conditions and turmoil in financial markets could reduce our earnings and financial 
condition

Deterioration in regional or global economic conditions and turmoil in financial markets could have a negative 

impact on our business. Among other things, unfavorable changes in employment levels, job growth, consumer 
confidence and income, inflation, deflation, foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates may further reduce 
demand for our products, which could negatively affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 
Unprecedented contraction in the credit markets and the financial services industry have occurred in recent years, 
characterized by the bankruptcy, failure or consolidation of various financial institutions and extraordinary 
intervention from the federal government. These factors could have an adverse effect on the availability of financing 
to our customers, causing our revenues to decline.

21

The cost of operations could be adversely impacted by increased costs of healthcare benefits provided to 
employees

In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education 
Reconciliation Act (collectively, the "Health Reform Law"), was passed into law. As enacted, the Health Reform 
Law reforms, among other things, certain aspects of health insurance. The Health Reform Law could increase our 
healthcare costs, adversely impacting the Company’s earnings.

A prolonged delay by Congress and the President to approve budgets or continuing appropriation resolutions to 
facilitate the operations of the federal government could delay the completion of home sales and/or cause 
cancellations, and thereby negatively impact our deliveries and revenues

Congress and the President may not timely approve budgets or appropriation legislation to facilitate the 
operations of the federal government. As a result, many federal agencies have historically and may again cease or 
curtail some activities. The affected activities include Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") verification of loan 
applicants’ tax return information and approvals by the FHA and other government agencies to fund or insure 
mortgage loans under programs that these agencies operate. As a number of our home buyers use these programs to 
obtain financing to purchase our homes, and many lenders, including CountryPlace, require ongoing coordination 
with these and other governmental entities to originate home loans, a prolonged delay in the performance of their 
activities could prevent prospective qualified buyers of our homes from obtaining the loans they need to complete 
such purchases, which could lead to delays or cancellations of home sales. These and other affected governmental 
bodies could cause interruptions in various aspects of our business and investments. Depending on the length of 
disruption, such factors could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Information technology failures or data security breaches could harm our business

We use information technology and other computer resources to carry out important operational activities and to 

maintain our business records. Our computer systems, including our back-up systems, are subject to damage or 
interruption from power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, security breaches 
(through cyber-attacks from computer hackers and sophisticated organizations), catastrophic events such as fires, 
tornadoes and hurricanes and human error. Given the unpredictability of the timing, nature and scope of information 
technology disruptions, if our computer systems and our backup systems are damaged, breached, or cease to 
function properly, we could potentially be subject to production downtimes, operational delays, the compromising 
of confidential or otherwise protected information (including information about our home buyers and business 
partners), destruction or corruption of data, security breaches, other manipulation or improper use of our systems 
and networks or financial losses from remedial actions, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our 
cash flows, competitive position, financial condition or results of operations.

We are subject to extensive regulation affecting the production and sale of manufactured housing, which could 
adversely affect our profitability.

We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local laws and regulations affecting the production and sale of 

manufactured housing. Please refer to the section above under the heading "Government Regulation" for a 
description of many of these laws and regulations. Our failure to comply with such laws and regulations could 
expose us to a wide variety of sanctions, including closing one or more manufacturing facilities. Regulatory matters 
affecting our operations are under regular review by governmental bodies and we cannot predict what effect, if any, 
new laws and regulations would have on us or the manufactured housing industry. Failure to comply with applicable 
laws or regulations or the passage in the future of new and more stringent laws, may adversely affect our financial 
condition or results of operations.

22

Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report includes "forward-looking statements," within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities 

Act of 1933, Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform 
Act of 1995. In general, all statements included or incorporated in this Annual Report that are not historical in 
nature are forward-looking. These may include statements about our plans, strategies and prospects under the 
headings "Business," and "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations." Forward-looking statements are often characterized by the use of words such as "believes," 
"estimates," "expects," "projects," "may," "will," "intends," "plans," or "anticipates," or by discussions of strategy, 
plans or intentions. Forward-looking statements are typically included, for example, in discussions regarding the 
manufactured housing and site-built housing industries; our financial performance and operating results; and the 
expected effect of certain risks and uncertainties on our business, financial condition and results of operations, 
economic conditions and consumer confidence, our operational and legal risks, how we may be affected by 
governmental regulations and legal proceedings, the expected effect of certain risks and uncertainties on our 
business, the availability of favorable consumer and wholesale manufactured home financing, market interest rates 
and our investments, and the ultimate outcome of our commitments and contingencies.

All forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. As 

a result, our actual results or performance may differ materially from anticipated results or performance. Also, 
forward-looking statements are based upon management's estimates of fair values and of future costs, using 
currently available information. Therefore, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in 
those statements. Factors that could cause such differences to occur include, but are not limited to, those discussed 
under Item 1A, "Risk Factors," and elsewhere in this Annual Report. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update 
any forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report, whether as a result of new information, future 
events or otherwise. For all of these reasons, you should not place any reliance on any such forward-looking 
statements included in this Annual Report.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

23

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our core properties:

Location
Active manufacturing facilities:

Millersburg, Oregon
Woodburn, Oregon
Nampa, Idaho
Riverside, California
Goodyear, Arizona
Phoenix, Arizona
Austin, Texas
Fort Worth, Texas
Seguin, Texas
Waco, Texas
Montevideo, Minnesota (Plant 1)
Montevideo, Minnesota (Plant 2)
Nappanee, Indiana (1)
Lafayette, Tennessee
Martinsville, Virginia
Rocky Mount, Virginia
Douglas, Georgia
Ocala, Florida
Plant City, Florida

Component and supply facilities:

Martinsville, Virginia
Nappanee, Indiana

Inactive manufacturing facilities:

Austin, Texas
Martinsville, Virginia
Plant City, Florida

Administrative and other locations:

Phoenix, Arizona
Addison, Texas
New Braunfels, Texas
Nappanee, Indiana

Date of
Commencement
of Operations

Owned /
Leased

Square
Feet

1995
1976
1957
1960
1993
1978
1981
1993
2006
1971
1982
1982
1971
1996
1969
1995
1988
1984
1981

1972
1971

Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Leased
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Leased
Leased
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Leased
Owned

Owned
Leased

Owned
Owned
Owned

Leased
Leased
Owned
Leased

169,000
221,000
171,000
107,000
250,000
79,000
104,000
121,000
129,000
132,000
264,000
41,000
341,000
149,000
132,000
137,000
142,000
91,000
87,000

148,000
77,000

77,000
44,000
94,000

11,000
24,000
9,000
18,000

(1)  This facility was purchased by the Company during fiscal year 2016.

24

We own the land on which the manufacturing facilities are located, except for the Goodyear, Arizona plant, 
which is currently leased through June 30, 2021 with options to extend; the Ocala, Florida plant, which is currently 
leased through March 30, 2017 with options to extend; and the Montevideo, Minnesota plants, which are leased 
through April 20, 2020. We also own substantially all of the machinery and equipment used at these factories. We 
believe that these facilities are adequately maintained and suitable for the purposes for which they are used. In 
addition to our production facilities, we own an office building and land in New Braunfels, Texas, which houses 
Standard Casualty's operations, as well as ten properties upon which six of our active retail centers are located. The 
remaining active sales centers and a claims office are leased under operating leases with lease terms generally 
ranging from monthly to five years. Our Company-owned retail centers generally range in sizes up to nine acres. 
We lease office space in Addison, Texas for CountryPlace operations and Palm Harbor administrative support 
services, pursuant to a lease that expires in 2018. Our Phoenix, Arizona corporate headquarters lease was extended 
for a period of five years, commencing in February 2013 and expiring in January 2018. The Company has the right 
to terminate the lease prior to the expiration of the five year term, effective as of any date after January 31, 2016. 
The Company also leases an administrative office and supply facility in Nappanee, Indiana, expiring in July 2017 
with options to extend.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are party to certain legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course and are incidental to our business. 
Certain of the claims pending against us in these proceedings allege, among other things, breach of contract, breach 
of express and implied warranties, construction defects, deceptive trade practices, unfair insurance practices, 
product liability and personal injury. Although litigation is inherently uncertain, based on past experience and the 
information currently available, management does not believe that the currently pending and threatened litigation or 
claims will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of 
operations. However, future events or circumstances, currently unknown to management, will determine whether 
the resolution of pending or threatened litigation or claims will ultimately have a material effect on our consolidated 
financial position, liquidity or results of operations in any future reporting periods.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

25

SUPPLEMENTAL ITEM: EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT (See Item 10 of Part III of 
this Report)

The following is a listing of our executive officers as of June 21, 2016, as such term is defined under the rules 

and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Officers are generally elected by the Board of 
Directors at its meeting immediately following our annual stockholders’ meeting, with each officer serving until a 
successor has been elected and qualified. There is no family relationship between these officers.

Name
Joseph H. Stegmayer

Age
65

Daniel L. Urness

48

Charles E. Lott

68

Steven K. Like

59

Positions with Cavco or Business Experience
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer since March 2001;
Director and Officer of certain of Cavco's major subsidiaries, including Palm
Harbor Homes, Inc. and Fleetwood Homes, Inc; President of Centex Manufactured
Housing Group, LLC from September 2000 to June 2003; President - Retail
Operations and Chief Financial Officer of Champion Enterprises, Inc. from
January 1998 to September 2000; President, Vice Chairman and Chairman of the
Executive Committee of Clayton Homes, Inc. from 1993 to January 1998

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since January
2006; Director and Officer of certain of Cavco's major subsidiaries, including Palm
Harbor Homes, Inc. and Fleetwood Homes, Inc; Interim Chief Financial Officer of
the Company from August 2005 to January 2006; Corporate Controller from May
2005 to August 2005; Financial Consultant from June 2002 to May 2005;
Controller from May 1999 to June 2002; Manager and staff with Deloitte &
Touche, LLP from September 1993 to May 1999

President of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. since August 2009; President and Vice
President - Housing Group of Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. from April 2005 to
August 2009; Mr. Lott has worked for Fleetwood Enterprises and subsequently
Fleetwood Homes for all but six years of his over 40-year career in the
manufactured housing industry

Senior Vice President since February 2009; Director of Standard Casualty
Company and affiliated agencies and Officer of certain of Cavco's subsidiaries;
Executive Vice President and General Counsel- Patriot Homes from 1995 to
February 2009; Partner at Warrick & Boyn, LLP from 1981-1995

26

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company's common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market ("Nasdaq") under the symbol 
CVCO. The following table sets forth, for each of the periods indicated, the reported high and low sale prices per 
share on the Nasdaq for the Company's common stock.

Year ended April 2, 2016
Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

Year ended March 28, 2015

Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

Sales Price

High

Low

$

95.25 $

106.55
78.28
78.75

$

81.89 $
82.32
87.90
85.45

70.28
66.71
66.22
64.54

67.32
62.08
65.29
72.03

As of June 6, 2016, the Company had 743 stockholders of record and approximately 7,900 beneficial holders of 

its common stock, based upon information in securities position listings by registered clearing agencies upon 
request of the Company's transfer agent.

In the past two fiscal years, we have not paid any dividends on our common stock. The payment of dividends to 

our stockholders is subject to the discretion of our board of directors and various factors may prevent us from 
paying dividends. Such factors include our cash requirements and liquidity and the requirements of state corporate 
and other laws.

Equity Compensation Plan Table

Information concerning equity compensation plans is included in Part III, Item 12, "Security Ownership of 

Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters" in this Annual Report.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

In 2008, we announced a stock repurchase program. A total of $10.0 million may be used to repurchase our 
outstanding common stock. The repurchases may be made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions 
in compliance with applicable state and federal securities laws and other legal requirements. The level of repurchase 
activity is subject to market conditions and other investment opportunities. The repurchase program does not 
obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common stock and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. 
The repurchase program will be funded using our available cash. No repurchases have been made under this 
program to date.

27

Performance Graph

The following graph compares the yearly change in the cumulative total stockholder return on Cavco common 
stock during the five fiscal years ended April 2, 2016 with that of the Nasdaq Composite Index and the Nasdaq US 
Small Cap Home Construction Index. The comparison assumes $100 (with reinvestment of all dividends) was 
invested on March 31, 2011 in Cavco common stock and in each of the foregoing indices.

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.

Cavco Industries, Inc.
Nasdaq Composite Index
Nasdaq US Small Cap Home
Construction Index

3/31/2012

3/30/2013

3/29/2014

3/28/2015

103 $
111 $

105 $

105 $
117 $

190 $

174 $
149 $

175 $

4/2/2016
206
177

166 $
176 $

178 $

140

3/31/2011
$
$

100 $
100 $

$

100 $

28

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table presents selected consolidated financial data regarding Cavco for the fiscal years indicated. 

The data set forth below should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the 
information presented in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations" and the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

Year Ended
March 29,
2014

March 30,
2013

March 31,
2012

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

$

712,352 $
567,907
144,445

566,659 $
440,523
126,136

533,339 $
413,856
119,483

452,300 $
351,945
100,355

443,066
347,121
95,945

98,103
46,342
(4,363)
2,049
—
44,028
(15,487)
28,541

87,659
38,477
(4,587)
3,437
—
37,327
(13,510)
23,817

87,938
31,545
(4,845)
1,105
—
27,805
(9,099)
18,706

79,313
21,042
(5,973)
1,579
—
16,648
(6,351)
10,297

79,800
16,145
(7,265)
1,338
22,009
32,227
(2,499)
29,728

Income Statement Data:

Net revenue
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Selling, general and administrative

expenses

Income from operations
Interest expense
Other income, net
Gain on bargain purchase
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Less: net income attributable to

redeemable noncontrolling interest

—

—

2,468

5,334

14,491

Net income attributable to Cavco

common stockholders

Comprehensive income:
Net income
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale

securities, net of tax
Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income attributable to
redeemable noncontrolling interest

Comprehensive income attributable to

Cavco common stockholders

Net income per share attributable to
Cavco common stockholders:
Basic
Diluted

Weighted average shares outstanding:

Basic
Diluted

$

28,541 $

23,817 $

16,238 $

4,963 $

15,237

$

28,541 $

23,817 $

18,706 $

10,297 $

29,728

785
29,326

68
23,885

82
18,788

238
10,535

116
29,844

—

—

2,392

5,453

14,549

$

29,326 $

23,885 $

16,396 $

5,082 $

15,295

$
$

3.21 $
3.15 $

2.69 $
2.64 $

1.97 $
1.94 $

0.71 $
0.71 $

2.22
2.19

8,889,731
9,046,347

8,854,359
9,015,779

8,262,688
8,379,024

6,956,706
7,027,204

6,877,437
6,949,077

29

Balance Sheet Data:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash, current
Accounts receivable, net
Short-term investments
Current portion of consumer loans

receivable, net

Current portion of commercial loans

receivable, net

Inventories
Assets held for sale
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Deferred income taxes, current
Total current assets
Restricted cash
Investments
Consumer loans receivable, net
Commercial loans receivable, net
Property, plant and equipment, net
Goodwill and other intangibles, net
Deferred income taxes
Total assets

Total current liabilities
Securitized financings and other
Deferred income taxes
Redeemable noncontrolling interest
Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities, redeemable
noncontrolling interest and
stockholders’ equity

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

March 29,
2014

March 31,
2013

March 31,
2012

(Dollars in thousands)

$

97,766 $
10,218
29,113
10,140

96,597 $
9,997
26,994
7,106

72,949 $
7,213
20,766
8,289

47,823 $
6,773
18,710
6,929

41,094
6,331
14,871
5,377

21,918

24,073

19,893

20,188

20,705

3,557
94,813
—

22,196
8,998
298,719
1,082
28,948
67,640
21,985
55,072
80,389
—
553,835 $

125,089
54,909
20,611
—
353,226

2,330
75,334
—

14,460
8,573
265,464
1,081
24,813
74,085
15,751
44,712
76,676
—
502,582 $

101,471
60,370
20,587
—
320,154

2,941
69,729
1,130

12,623
12,313
227,846
1,188
17,165
78,391
18,367
48,227
78,055
—
469,239 $

98,993
59,865
19,948
—
290,433

3,983
68,805
4,180

10,267
6,724
194,382
1,179
10,769
90,802
18,967
46,223
79,435
2,742
444,499 $

87,005
72,118
16,492
91,994
176,890

1,982
62,246
3,903

7,848
6,657
171,014
453
8,825
98,594
22,699
50,064
80,915
4,770
437,334

85,505
80,747
16,198
86,541
168,343

$

$

553,835 $

502,582 $

469,239 $

444,499 $

437,334

The selected financial data set forth above includes the accounts of Cavco and its consolidated subsidiaries, 

CRG Holdings, LLC, and Fleetwood (Fleetwood includes Palm Harbor, Fairmont Homes, Chariot Eagle, 
CountryPlace, Standard Casualty, and their subsidiaries). Until July 22, 2013, the Company and its investment 
partners, Third Avenue Value Fund and an affiliate, jointly-owned Fleetwood Homes, Inc. Cavco and Third Avenue 
each owned 50 percent of Fleetwood, which has been operated by the Company since Fleetwood’s inception in 
2009. Third Avenue’s financial interest in Fleetwood was reported as a "redeemable noncontrolling interest" in the 
Consolidated Financial Statements. As discussed in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, during the 
year ended March 29, 2014, Cavco completed the purchase from Third Avenue of all noncontrolling interests in 
Fleetwood and its subsidiaries. The acquisition closed on July 22, 2013, resulting in Cavco owning 100 percent of 
the Fleetwood businesses and entitling Cavco to all of the associated earnings from that date forward.

The selected financial data set forth above may not be indicative of our future performance.

30

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Introduction

The following should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and the 

related Notes that appear in Part IV of this Report. References to "Note" or "Notes" refer to the Notes to the 
Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Overview

Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, the Company designs and produces factory-built homes primarily 

distributed through a network of independent and Company-owned retailers. We are the second largest producer of 
manufactured homes in the United States, based on reported wholesale shipments, marketed under a variety of 
brand names, including Cavco Homes, Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, Fairmont Homes and Chariot 
Eagle. The Company is also a leading builder of park model RVs, vacation cabins and systems-built commercial 
structures, as well as modular homes built primarily under the Nationwide Homes brand. Cavco's mortgage 
subsidiary, CountryPlace, is an approved Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac seller/servicer, a Ginnie Mae mortgage 
backed securities issuer and offers conforming mortgages and chattel loans to purchasers of factory-built and site-
built homes. Our insurance subsidiary, Standard Casualty, provides property and casualty insurance to owners of 
manufactured homes.

Company Growth

From its inception in 1965, Cavco has traditionally served affordable housing markets in the southwestern 
United States primarily through manufactured home production. During the period from 1997 to 2000, Cavco was 
purchased by and became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Centex Corporation, which operated the Company until 
2003, when Cavco became a stand-alone publicly-held Company traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under 
the ticker symbol CVCO.

In 2009, the Company and an investment partner, Third Avenue Value Fund and an affiliate (collectively, "Third 

Avenue"), formed a jointly-owned corporation, Fleetwood Homes, Inc. ("Fleetwood"). Cavco and Third Avenue 
each owned 50 percent of Fleetwood, which has been operated by the Company since Fleetwood's inception. Third 
Avenue Management LLC is an investment adviser to Third Avenue Value Fund and is a related party to the 
Company, as described further in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Fleetwood acquired certain 
assets and liabilities of Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. The assets acquired included, among other assets, seven 
operating homebuilding factories in seven states, which substantially expanded the organization's geographic 
presence and increased the diversity of products offered by the Company.

During fiscal year 2011, Fleetwood acquired certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of Palm Harbor 

Homes, Inc., a Florida corporation. The assets acquired included five operating homebuilding factories in four 
states, 49 operating retail locations, a manufactured housing finance company and a homeowners insurance 
company.

Financial information for Fleetwood was historically included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial 
Statements and related Notes, as a result of Cavco's management control of Fleetwood. Third Avenue's financial 
interest in Fleetwood was considered a "redeemable noncontrolling interest," and was designated as such in the 
Consolidated Financial Statements (see Notes 1 and 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). On July 22, 2013, 
Cavco purchased all noncontrolling interests in Fleetwood pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement. As a result of 
the transaction, Cavco owns 100 percent of Fleetwood and the Fleetwood businesses (see Note 21 to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements). Since the transaction closed, Cavco's ownership of 100% of its subsidiaries 
entitles the Company to all of the associated earnings. 

On March 30, 2015, the Company purchased the business and operating assets of Chariot Eagle, a Florida-based 

manufacturer of park model RVs and manufactured homes. This transaction was accounted for as a business 
combination and is expected to expand the Company's offering of park model RV product lines and further 
strengthen our market position in the Southeastern United States. 

31

On May 1, 2015, Cavco acquired certain assets and liabilities of Fairmont Homes. Fairmont Homes, 

headquartered in Nappanee, Indiana, is a builder of manufactured and modular homes and park model RVs, with 
manufacturing plants in Indiana and Minnesota. This transaction was accounted for as a business combination and 
provides additional home production capabilities and increased distribution into new markets in the Midwest, the 
western Great Plains states, the Northeast and several provinces in Canada.

The Company operates 19 homebuilding facilities located in Millersburg and Woodburn, Oregon; Nampa, 

Idaho; Riverside, California; Phoenix and Goodyear, Arizona; Austin, Fort Worth, Seguin and Waco, Texas; 
Montevideo, Minnesota (2); Nappanee, Indiana; Lafayette, Tennessee; Martinsville and Rocky Mount, Virginia; 
Douglas, Georgia; Plant City and Ocala, Florida. The majority of the homes produced are sold to and distributed by 
independently owned retailers located primarily throughout the United States and Canada. In addition, our homes 
are sold through 45 Company-owned U.S. retail locations.

We continually review our product offerings throughout the combined organization and strive to improve 
product designs, production methods and marketing strategies. The supportive market response to the past and 
recent acquisitions has been encouraging and we believe that these expansions provide positive long-term strategic 
benefits for the Company. We plan to focus on developing synergies among all operations, which continue to have 
organic growth potential.

Industry and Company Outlook

According to data reported by the MHI, during calendar year 2015, our industry shipped approximately 71,000 

HUD code manufactured homes. This followed approximately 64,000 homes shipped in 2014, 60,000 in 2013, 
55,000 in 2012 and 52,000 shipped in calendar year 2011, the lowest levels since shipment statistics began to be 
recorded in 1959. Annual home shipments from 2004 to 2015 were less than the annual home shipments for each of 
the 40 years from 1963 to 2002. For the past 10 and 20-year periods, annual home shipments averaged 70,000 and 
158,000, respectively. While industry HUD code manufactured home shipments improved modestly during recent 
years, the manufactured housing industry is operating at relatively low production and shipment levels.

Economic challenges in recent years continue to hinder annual industry and Company home sales. We believe 
that low post-recession employment rates and underemployment among potential home buyers who favor affordable 
housing as well as low post-recession consumer confidence levels are two of the most significant impediments. 
"First-time" and "move-up" buyers of affordable homes are historically among the largest segments of new 
manufactured home purchasers. Included in this group are lower-income households that were particularly affected 
by a period of persistently low employment rates and underemployment. Following such challenges, the process of 
repairing damaged credit among such consumers and efforts to save for a home loan down-payment often require 
substantial time. Low consumer confidence in the U.S. economy has been evident among manufactured home 
buyers interested in our products for seasonal or retirement living, as they have been concerned about financial 
stability, and, therefore, have been hesitant to commit to a new home purchase. We believe sales of our products 
may increase as employment and consumer confidence levels continue to improve.

The two largest manufactured housing consumer demographics, young adults and those who are 55+ years old, 

are both growing. The U.S. adult population is estimated to expand by approximately 11.8 million between 2016 
and 2021. Young adults born from 1976 to 1995, sometimes referred to as Gen Y, represent a large segment of the 
population. Late-stage Gen Y is approximately 2 million people larger than the next age category born from 1966 to 
1975, Gen X, and is considered to be in the peak home-buying years. Gen Y represents prime first-time home 
buyers who may be attracted by the affordability, diversity of style choices and location flexibility of factory-built 
homes. The age 55 and older category is reported to be the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population. This 
group is similarly interested in the value proposition; however, they are also motivated by the energy efficiency and 
low maintenance requirements of systems-built homes, and by the lifestyle offered by planned communities that are 
specifically designed for homeowners that fall into this age group.

32

Consumer financing for the retail purchase of manufactured homes needs to become generally more available 
before marked emergence from current low home shipment levels can occur. Restrictive underwriting guidelines, 
irregular and onerous appraisal requirements, higher interest rates compared to site-built homes, regulatory burdens, 
a reduced number of institutions lending to manufactured home buyers and limited secondary market availability for 
manufactured home loans are significant restraints to industry growth. We are working directly with other industry 
participants to develop manufactured home consumer financing models that may better attract industry financiers 
interested in furthering or expanding lending opportunities in the industry. We have invested in community-based 
lending initiatives that provide home-only financing to residents of certain manufactured home communities. We 
are also working through industry trade associations to encourage favorable legislative and GSE action to address 
the mortgage financing needs of potential buyers of affordable homes. Only limited progress has been made in this 
area and meaningful positive impact in the form of increased home orders has yet to be realized. See "Regulatory 
Developments" below.

While home sales activity appear to be showing signs of improvement, the current lending environment that 
favors site-built housing and more affluent home buyers has not provided improved capabilities for affordable-home 
buyers to facilitate a new home purchase. In addition, the contingency contract process, wherein potential 
manufactured home buyers must sell their existing home in order to facilitate the purchase of a new factory-built 
home continues to be somewhat impeded.

Based on the relatively low cost associated with manufactured home ownership, our products have traditionally 
competed with rental housing's monthly payment affordability. Rental housing activity is reported to have increased 
in recent years. As a result, tenant housing vacancy rates appear to have declined, causing a corresponding rise in 
associated rental rates. These rental market factors may cause some renters to become interested buyers of 
affordable-housing alternatives, including manufactured homes.

Further, with respect to the general rise in demand for rental housing, we have realized a larger proportion of 
orders from developers and community owners for new manufactured homes intended for use as rental housing. The 
Company is responsive to the unique product and related requirements of these home buyers and values the 
opportunity to provide homes that are well suited for these purposes.

The backlog of sales orders at April 2, 2016 varied among our factories, but in total was $47.9 million, or 

approximately four weeks of current production levels, compared to $47.4 million at March 28, 2015. The 
Company's capacity utilization rate was approximately 60% during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, versus 
55% during the same quarter last year. Retailers may cancel orders prior to production without penalty. Accordingly, 
until the production of a particular home has commenced, we do not consider our order backlog to be firm orders.

The availability of inventory financing for the industry’s wholesale distribution chain continues to improve. 
Faced with illiquid capital markets in late calendar year 2008, each of the manufactured housing sector’s remaining 
inventory finance companies (floor plan lenders) initiated significant changes and some ceased lending activities in 
the industry entirely. Other finance programs are subject to more restrictive terms that continue to evolve and in 
some cases require the financial involvement of the Company. As a result, the Company entered into certain 
commercial loan programs whereby the Company provides a significant amount of the funds that independent 
financiers then lend to distributors to finance retail inventories of our products. In addition, the Company has 
entered into direct commercial loan arrangements with distributors, communities and developers under which the 
Company provides funds for financing homes (see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The 
Company’s involvement in commercial loans has increased the availability of manufactured home financing to 
distributors and users of our products. We believe that our participation in wholesale financing is helpful to retailers, 
communities and developers and allows our homes continued exposure to potential home buyers. These initiatives 
support the Company’s ongoing efforts to expand our distribution base in all of our markets with existing and new 
customers. However, the initiatives expose the Company to risks associated with the creditworthiness of certain 
customers and business partners, including independent retailers, developers, communities and inventory financing 
partners, many of whom may be adversely affected by the volatile conditions in the economy and financial markets. 

33

With manufacturing facilities strategically positioned across the United States, we utilize local market research 
to design homes to meet the demands of our customers. We have the ability to customize floor plans and designs to 
fulfill specific needs and interests. By offering a full range of homes from entry-level models to large custom homes 
with the ability to engineer designs in-house, we can accommodate virtually any customer request. In addition to 
homes built to the federal HUD code, we construct modular homes that conform to state and local codes, park 
models and cabins and light commercial buildings at many of our manufacturing facilities.

We employ a concerted effort to identify niche market opportunities where our diverse product lines and custom 
building capabilities provide us with a competitive advantage. Our green building initiatives involve the creation of 
an energy efficient envelope, including higher utilization of renewable materials. These homes provide 
environmentally-friendly maintenance requirements, typically lower utility costs, specially designed ventilation 
systems and sustainability. Cavco also builds homes designed to use alternative energy sources, such as solar and 
wind. Building green may significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions without sacrificing features, style or 
comfort. From bamboo flooring and tankless water heaters to solar-powered homes, our products are diverse and 
tailored to a wide range of consumer interests. Innovation in housing design is a forte of the Company and we 
continue to introduce new models at competitive price points with expressive interiors and exteriors that 
complement home styles in the areas in which they are located.

We maintain a conservative cost structure, which enables us to build added value into our homes. We have 
placed a consistent focus on developing synergies among all operations. In addition, the Company has worked 
diligently to maintain a solid financial position. Our balance sheet strength and position in cash and cash equivalents 
should help us to avoid liquidity problems and enable us to act effectively as market opportunities present 
themselves.

We were named the 2016 Manufacturer of the Year by the members of MHI, the factory-built home industry's 
national trade organization, for the seventh consecutive year. We also received several product and interior design 
awards from MHI.

In 2008, we announced a stock repurchase program under which a total of $10.0 million may be used to 
repurchase our outstanding common stock. The repurchases may be made in the open market or in privately 
negotiated transactions in compliance with applicable state and federal securities laws and other legal requirements. 
The level of repurchase activity is subject to market conditions and other investment opportunities. The plan does 
not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common stock and may be suspended or discontinued at any 
time. The repurchase program will be funded using our available cash. No repurchases have been made under this 
program to date.

Regulatory Developments

In 2010, the Dodd-Frank Act was passed into law. The Dodd-Frank Act is a sweeping piece of legislation and 
the financial services industry continues to assess its implications and implement necessary changes in procedures 
and business practices. The Dodd-Frank Act established the CFPB to regulate consumer financial products and 
services. Although Congress detailed significant changes, and many new rules have been implemented, the full 
impact will not be known for years as the development of additional rules continue, and Congress considers 
amending part of the Act. Enforcement actions are in the early stages and the effects of possible litigation related to 
the regulations remains unknown.

34

In 2014, certain CFPB mortgage finance rules required under the Dodd-Frank Act became effective. The rules 

apply to consumer credit transactions secured by a dwelling, which include real property mortgages and chattel 
loans (financed without land) secured by manufactured homes. The rules defined standards for origination of 
"Qualified Mortgages," established specific requirements for lenders to prove borrowers' ability to repay loans and 
outlined the conditions under which Qualified Mortgages are subject to safe harbor limitations on liability to 
borrowers. The rules also established interest rates and other cost parameters for determining which Qualified 
Mortgages fall under safe harbor protection. Among other issues, Qualified Mortgages with interest rates and other 
costs outside the limits are deemed "rebuttable" by borrowers and expose the lender and its assignees (including 
investors in loans, pools of loans, and instruments secured by loans or loan pools) to possible litigation and 
penalties.

While many manufactured homes are currently financed with agency-conforming mortgages in which the 
ability to repay is verified, and interest rates and other costs are within the safe harbor limits established under the 
CFPB mortgage finance rules, certain loans to finance the purchase of manufactured homes, especially chattel loans 
and non-conforming land-home loans, may fall outside the safe harbor limits. The rules have caused some lenders to 
curtail underwriting such loans, and some investors are reluctant to own or participate in owning such loans because 
of the uncertainty of potential litigation and other costs. If so, some prospective buyers of manufactured homes may 
be unable to secure the financing necessary to complete purchases. In addition, compliance with the law and 
ongoing rule implementation has caused lenders to incur additional costs to implement new processes, procedures, 
controls and infrastructure required to comply with the regulations. Compliance may constrain lenders' ability to 
profitably price certain loans. Failure to comply with these regulations, changes in these or other regulations, or the 
imposition of additional regulations, could affect our earnings, limit our access to capital and have a material 
adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

The CFPB rules amending the TILA and RESPA expand the types of mortgage loans that are subject to the 

protections of the HOEPA, revise and expand the tests for coverage under HOEPA, and impose additional 
restrictions on mortgages that are covered by HOEPA. As a result, certain manufactured home loans are now subject 
to HOEPA limits on interest rates and fees. Loans with rates or fees in excess of the limits are deemed High Cost 
Mortgages and provide additional protections for borrowers, including with respect to determining the value of the 
home. Most loans for the purchase of manufactured homes have been written at rates and fees that would not appear 
to be considered High Cost Mortgages under the new rule. Although some lenders may continue to offer loans that 
are now deemed High Cost Mortgages, the rate and fee limits appear to have deterred some lenders from offering 
loans to certain borrowers and may continue to make them reluctant to enter into loans subject to the provisions of 
HOEPA. As a result, some prospective buyers of manufactured homes may be unable to secure financing necessary 
to complete manufactured home purchases.

The Dodd-Frank Act amended provisions of TILA to require rules for appraisals on principal residences 

securing HPMLs. Certain loans secured by manufactured homes, primarily chattel loans, could be considered 
HPMLs. Among other things, the rule requires creditors to provide copies of appraisal reports to borrowers prior to 
loan closing. To implement these amendments, the CFPB adopted the HPML Appraisal Rule effective December 30, 
2014 and loans secured by new manufactured homes were exempt from the rule until July 18, 2015. While effects 
of these new requirements are not fully known, some prospective home buyers may be deterred from completing a 
manufactured home purchase as a result of appraised values.

The Dodd-Frank Act also required integrating disclosures provided by lenders to borrowers under TILA and 

RESPA. The final rule became effective October 3, 2015. The TRID mandated extensive changes to the mortgage 
loan closing process and necessitated significant changes to mortgage origination systems. Since its implementation, 
technical ambiguities in the rule have resulted in lender and investor uncertainty regarding acceptable cures and 
tolerances for disclosure and estimate errors. It is not yet fully known how the GSEs and HUD will view TRID 
compliance, how they will apply their own interpretations of TRID to their repurchase and claims review processes, 
or how the market for private-label securitizations may be impacted.

The American Housing Rescue and Foreclosure Prevention Act was enacted in 2008 to provide assistance by 
way of legislation for the housing industry, including manufactured homes. Among other things, the act provided for 
increased loan limits for chattel (home-only Title I) loans to $69,678, up 43% from the previous limit of $48,600 set 

35

in 1992. New FHA Title I program guidelines became effective on June 1, 2010 and provide Ginnie Mae the ability 
to securitize manufactured home FHA Title I loans. These guidelines were intended to allow lenders to obtain new 
capital, which can then be used to fund new loans for our customers. Chattel loans have languished for several years 
and these changes were meant to broaden chattel financing availability for prospective homeowners. However, we 
are aware of only a small number of loans currently being securitized under the Ginnie Mae program.

The SAFE Act established requirements for the licensing and registration of all individuals that are MLOs. 
MLOs must be registered or licensed by the states. Traditionally, manufactured housing retailers have assisted home 
buyers with securing financing for the purchase of homes. This assistance may have included assisting with loan 
applications and presenting terms of loans. Under the SAFE Act, these activities are prohibited unless performed by 
a registered or licensed MLO. Although the definition of an MLO contains exemptions for administrative and other 
specific functions and industries, manufactured housing retailers are no longer able to negotiate rates and terms for 
loans unless they are licensed as MLOs. Compliance may have required manufactured housing retailers to become 
licensed lenders and employ MLOs, or alter business practices related to assisting home buyers in securing 
financing. This may have resulted in increased costs for retailers who elect to employ MLOs, penalties assessed 
against or litigation costs incurred by retailers found to be in violation, reduced home sales from home buyers’ 
inability to secure financing without retailer assistance, or increased costs to home buyers or reduced transaction 
profitability for retailers as a result of the additional cost of mandatory MLO involvement.

If passed by Congress and signed into law, the proposed Preserving Access to Manufactured Housing Act 
(Senate Bill 682 and House of Representatives Bill 650) would amend some Dodd-Frank Act provisions that affect 
manufactured housing financing. The bill would revise the triggers by which small-sized manufactured home loans 
are considered "High-Cost" under HOEPA and clarify the MLO licensing requirements for manufactured home 
retailers and their employees.

Our sale of insurance products is subject to various state insurance laws and regulations which govern allowable 
charges and other insurance practices. Standard Casualty’s insurance operations are regulated by the state insurance 
boards where it underwrites its policies. Underwriting, premiums, investments and capital reserves (including 
dividend payments to stockholders) are subject to the rules and regulations of these state agencies.

In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education 
Reconciliation Act ("Health Reform Law"), was passed into law. As enacted, the Health Reform Law reforms, 
among other things, certain aspects of health insurance. The Health Reform Law may continue to increase our 
healthcare costs, adversely impacting the Company's earnings.

Governmental authorities have the power to enforce compliance with their regulations, and violations may 

result in the payment of fines, the entry of injunctions or both. Although we believe that our operations are in 
substantial compliance with the requirements of all applicable laws and regulations, these requirements have 
generally become more strict in recent years. Accordingly, we are unable to predict the ultimate cost of compliance 
with all applicable laws and enforcement policies.

36

Results of Operations

Fiscal Year 2016 Compared to Fiscal Year 2015

Net Revenue. The following table summarizes net revenue for fiscal years 2016 and 2015.

Net revenue:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Year Ended

March 28,
April 2,
2016
2015
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

$

$

655,148 $
57,204
712,352 $

513,707 $
52,952
566,659 $

141,441
4,252
145,693

27.5%
8.0%
25.7%

Total homes sold

12,339

9,999

2,340

23.4%

Net factory-built housing revenue per
home sold

$

53,096 $

51,376 $

1,720

3.3%

Factory-built housing segment revenue increased, primarily from businesses acquired during the first quarter of 

fiscal year 2016, while the remainder of the increase was from sales growth at the Company's pre-existing factory-
built housing operations.

Financial services segment revenue increased, resulting from 11.8% more insurance policies in force in the 
current year compared to the prior year as well as an increase of 4.3% in the number of home loans serviced for 
others, year over year. Financial services segment revenue is partially offset by lower interest income earned on 
securitized loan portfolios that continue to amortize.

Net revenue per home is a volatile metric dependent upon several factors. A primary factor is the price disparity 

between sales of homes to independent retailers, builders, communities and developers ("Wholesale") and sales of 
homes to consumers by Company-owned retail centers ("Retail"). Wholesale sales prices are primarily comprised of 
the home and the cost to ship the home from a homebuilding facility to the home-site. Retail home prices include 
these items and retail markup, as well as items that are largely subject to home buyer discretion, including, but not 
limited to, land, installation, utilities, site improvements, landscaping and additional services. Changes to the 
proportion of home sales among these distribution channels between reporting periods impacts the overall net 
revenue per home sold. Further, fluctuations in the net revenue per home sold are the result of changes in product 
mix, which results from home buyer tastes and preferences as they select home types/models, as well as optional 
home upgrades when purchasing the home. These selections vary regularly based on consumer interests, local 
housing preferences and economic circumstances. Our product prices are also periodically adjusted for the cost and 
availability of raw materials included in and labor used to produce each home. For these reasons, we have 
experienced, and expect to continue to experience, volatility in overall net revenue per home sold.

37

 
 
 
Gross Profit. The following table summarizes gross profit for fiscal years 2016 and 2015.

Gross profit:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Year Ended

March 28,
April 2,
2016
2015
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

$

$

116,896
27,549
144,445

$

$

94,697
31,439
126,136

$

$

22,199
(3,890)
18,309

23.4 %
(12.4)%
14.5 %

Gross profit as % of Net revenue:

20.3%

22.3%

N/A

(2.0)%

The increase in factory-built housing gross profit is primarily from higher home sales volume pertaining to 
businesses acquired during the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, while the remainder of the increase was from sales 
growth at the Company's pre-existing factory-built housing operations.

Gross profit decreased for financial services mainly from higher insurance claim losses and lower interest 
income earned on securitized loan portfolios that continue to amortize, partially offset by gross profit earned on 
increased insurance policies in force and higher loan servicing volume. Higher insurance claims losses included 
record setting storms in Texas during fiscal 2016. While claims activity typically spikes in April and May each year, 
a prime season for storm activity in the area, the severity of the hail and wind storms and the damage to insured 
homes were considerably greater than during the same period last year. Losses on these catastrophic events were 
somewhat mitigated by reinsurance contracts in place.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The following table summarizes Selling, General and 

Administrative Expenses for fiscal years 2016 and 2015.

Selling, general and administrative
expenses:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Year Ended

April 2,
March 28,
2015
2016
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

$

$

83,335
14,768
98,103

$

$

73,169
14,490
87,659

$

$

10,166
278
10,444

13.9 %
1.9 %
11.9 %

Selling, general and administrative
expenses as % of Net revenue:

13.8%

15.5%

N/A

(1.7)%

Factory-built housing selling, general and administrative expenses increased from the addition of the Fairmont 
Homes and Chariot Eagle factories acquired during the first quarter of the fiscal year 2016 and increased incentive 
compensation from increased home sales overall.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for financial services remained relatively consistent from ongoing 

operating stability.

As a percentage of net revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased from increased utilization 

on higher net revenue from recently acquired businesses and pre-existing operations.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Expense. The following table summarizes Interest Expense for fiscal years 2016 and 2015.

Year Ended

March 28,
April 2,
2016
2015
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

Interest expense

$

4,363 $

4,587 $

(224)

(4.9)%

Interest expense, consists primarily of debt service on securitization financings connected to the CountryPlace 
securitized manufactured home loan portfolios. Interest expense also includes interest related to the capital lease of 
certain manufacturing facilities and land from the Fairmont acquisition. The decrease is mainly from continued 
principal reductions of the securitization financings, partially offset by capital lease related interest.

Other Income, net. The following table summarizes Other Income, net for fiscal years 2016 and 2015.

Year Ended

March 28,
April 2,
2016
2015
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

Other income, net

$

2,049 $

3,437 $

(1,388)

(40.4)%

The majority of Other income, net, is attributable to interest income earned on commercial loans receivable in 

the factory built housing segment. Other income also includes periodic gains, losses or impairment on property, 
plant and equipment, including assets held for sale or sold. During the year ended March 28, 2015, the Company 
sold inactive manufacturing facilities in Albemarle, North Carolina and Woodland, California and two idle retail 
locations for a combined net gain of $1.4 million.

Income Before Income Taxes. The following table summarizes Income Before Income Taxes for fiscal years 

2016 and 2015.

Income before income taxes:
Factory-built housing
Financial services

Year Ended

March 28,
April 2,
2016
2015
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

$

$

35,440 $
8,588
44,028 $

25,133 $
12,194
37,327 $

10,307
(3,606)
6,701

41.0 %
(29.6)%
18.0 %

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 2015 Compared to Fiscal Year 2014

Net Revenue. The following table summarizes net revenue for fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

Year Ended

March 29,
March 28,
2015
2014
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

Net revenue:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

$

$

513,707 $
52,952
566,659 $

485,897 $
47,442
533,339 $

27,810
5,510
33,320

Total homes sold

9,999

9,537

Net revenue per home sold

$

51,376 $

50,949 $

462

427

5.7%
11.6%
6.2%

4.8%

0.8%

Factory-built housing segment revenue increased, primarily from higher home sales volume and an increased 

net revenue per home sold. The improved home sales volume and net revenue per home sold resulted from 
strengthening market conditions.

Financial services segment revenue increased, resulting from 16.1% more insurance policies in force compared 

to the prior year as well as an increase of 2.4% in home loan sales volume year over year. Financial services 
segment revenue is partially offset by lower interest income earned on securitized loan portfolios that continue to 
amortize.

Net revenue per home sold was favorably impacted by an increase in optional home upgrades and a larger 
proportion of higher price-point homes sold. The overall net revenue per home metric is discussed further above.

Gross Profit. The following table summarizes gross profit for fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

Gross profit:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Year Ended

March 29,
March 28,
2015
2014
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

$

$

94,697
31,439
126,136

$

$

89,120
30,363
119,483

$

$

5,577
1,076
6,653

6.3 %
3.5 %
5.6 %

Gross profit as % of Net revenue:

22.3%

22.4%

N/A

(0.1)%

The increase in factory-built housing gross profit is reflective of improved production efficiencies from higher 

home sales volume.

Gross profit improved for financial services from lower insurance claims as a percentage of insurance premium 

revenue and loan production operating leverage on increased loan sales volume, but is partially offset by lower 
interest income earned on securitized loan portfolios that continue to amortize.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The following table summarizes Selling, General and 

Administrative Expenses for fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

Selling, general and administrative
expenses:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Year Ended

March 29,
March 28,
2015
2014
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

$

$

73,169
14,490
87,659

$

$

74,478
13,460
87,938

$

$

(1,309)
1,030
(279)

(1.8)%
7.7 %
(0.3)%

Selling, general and administrative
expenses as % of Net revenue:

15.5%

16.5%

N/A

(1.0)%

Factory-built housing and general corporate expenses decreased from a change in earnings-based incentive 

compensation structures and lower stock-based compensation, offset by increased salary expense.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for financial services increased from costs related to higher 

insurance premium revenue and loan sales volume.

Interest Expense. The following table summarizes Interest Expense for fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

Year Ended

March 29,
March 28,
2014
2015
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

Interest expense

$

4,587 $

4,845 $

(258)

(5.3)%

Interest expense, all attributable to the Company's financial services segment, consisted primarily of debt 
service on securitization financings connected to the CountryPlace securitized manufactured home loan portfolios 
and decreased in connection with the continued principal reductions of the securitization financings.

Other Income, net. The following table summarizes Other Income, net for fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

Year Ended

March 29,
March 28,
2014
2015
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

Other income, net

$

3,437 $

1,105 $

2,332

211.0%

The majority of Other income, net is attributable to interest income earned on commercial loans receivable in 

the factory built housing segment. Other income also includes periodic gains, losses or impairment on property, 
plant and equipment, including assets held for sale or sold. Other income, net increased mainly from the sale of idle 
real estate properties. During the year ended March 28, 2015, the Company sold inactive manufacturing facilities in 
Albemarle, North Carolina and Woodland, California and real estate in Lakeland, Florida and Chino Valley, Arizona 
for a combined net gain of $1.4 million.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income Before Income Taxes. The following table summarizes Income Before Income Taxes for fiscal years 

2015 and 2014.

Year Ended

March 29,
March 28,
2015
2014
(Dollars in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

$

$

25,133 $
12,194
37,327 $

16,223 $
11,582
27,805 $

8,910
612
9,522

54.9%
5.3%
34.2%

Income before income taxes:
Factory-built housing
Financial services

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We believe that cash and cash equivalents at April 2, 2016, together with cash flow from operations, will be 
sufficient to fund our operations and provide for growth for the next 12 months and into the foreseeable future. We 
maintain cash in various deposit accounts, the balances of which are in excess of federally insured limits. We expect 
to continue to evaluate potential acquisitions of, or strategic investments in, businesses that are complementary to 
our business. Such transactions may require the use of cash and have other impacts on the Company's liquidity and 
capital resources in the event of such a transaction. Recent acquisitions of Fairmont Homes and Chariot Eagle did 
not have a significant impact on our liquidity or capital resources. Because of the Company’s sufficient cash 
position, the Company has not sought external sources of liquidity, such as a credit facility; however, depending on 
our operating results and strategic opportunities, we may need to seek additional or alternative sources of financing. 
There can be no assurance that such financing would be available on satisfactory terms, if at all. If this financing 
were not available, it could be necessary for us to reevaluate our long-term operating plans to make more efficient 
use of our existing capital resources. The exact nature of any changes to our plans that would be considered depends 
on various factors, such as conditions in the factory-built housing industry and general economic conditions outside 
of our control.

Projected cash to be provided by or used in operations in the coming year is largely dependent on sales volume. 
Operating activities provided $43.5 million of cash during the year ended April 2, 2016, compared to $25.7 million 
during the year ended March 28, 2015. Cash provided by operating activities during the year ended April 2, 2016 
was primarily the result of cash generated by operating income before non-cash charges, collections of principal 
payments on consumer loans receivable, higher accounts payable and accrued liabilities, including factory 
warranties, wages and insurance loss reserves. These increases were partially offset by increases in commercial 
loans receivable from further expansion of our distribution-based lending programs. Cash provided by operating 
activities during the year ended March 28, 2015 was primarily the result of cash generated by operating income 
before non-cash charges, collections of principal payments on consumer loans receivable, utilization of deferred tax 
assets and higher accounts payable, accrued wages and unearned insurance premium accruals. These increases were 
partially offset by net funding of consumer lending operations and increases in accounts receivable and inventories.

Consumer loan originations decreased $8.7 million to $99.3 million during the year ended April 2, 2016 from 
$108.0 million during the year ended March 28, 2015. This decrease is primarily a result of decreased home lending 
activity. Proceeds from the sale of consumer loans provided $101.1 million in cash, compared to $100.4 million in 
the previous year, a net increase of $0.7 million. The primary reason for the increase relates to the timing of loan 
origination and related sales, offset by an increase in consumer loans held for investment of $1.1 million.

With respect to consumer lending for the purchase of manufactured housing, states may classify manufactured 

homes for both legal and tax purposes as personal property rather than real estate. As a result, financing for the 
purchase of manufactured homes is thereby characterized by shorter loan maturities and higher interest rates. 
Unfavorable changes in these factors and the current adverse trend in the availability and terms of financing in the 
industry may have material negative effects on our results of operations and financial condition. See Item IA, "Risk 
Factors."

42

 
 
 
As a result of the 2008 credit crisis, national floor plan lenders substantially curtailed their lending activities, 
and others announced their intention to exit the business. The continuing reduction in available inventory financing 
has had an adverse effect on the manufactured housing industry and has negatively impacted the ability of our 
retailers to obtain floor plan financing for home inventory purchases. To further support floor plan availability for 
our retailers, Cavco has entered into programs to provide some of the capital used by inventory lenders to finance 
wholesale home purchases by retailers. In addition, the Company has entered into direct commercial loan 
arrangements with distributors, communities and developers under which the Company provides funds for financing 
homes and invested in community-based lending initiatives that provide home-only financing to new residents of 
certain manufactured home communities (see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

Investing activities required the use of $38.2 million of cash during the year ended April 2, 2016, compared to 
$2.1 million used during the year ended March 28, 2015. In the current period, cash of $28.1 million was used for 
the purchase of certain assets and liabilities of Fairmont Homes and Chariot Eagle as well as the purchase of 
publicly-traded securities by Standard Casualty for its investment portfolio and investments in community-based 
lending institutions that provide home-only loans to residents of certain manufactured home communities, offset by 
that subsidiary's investment sales. Cash used by investing activities in the prior period was primarily for purchases 
of publicly-traded securities by Standard Casualty for its investment portfolio and investments in community-based 
lending institutions that provide home-only loans to residents of certain manufactured home communities, offset by 
investment sales from the Standard Casualty investment portfolio as well as proceeds from sales of assets held for 
sale in our factory-built housing segment.

Financing activities used $4.1 million in cash during the year ended April 2, 2016, primarily from payments on 

securitized financings, offset by loan sales accounted for as other secured financings and tax benefits from stock 
option exercises now able to be realized. In the prior year, financing activities provided $49,000 in cash during the 
year ended, primarily resulting from $3.7 million in tax benefits from stock option exercises now able to be realized, 
$3.6 million in loan sales accounted for as other secured financings and $0.5 million from the issuance of common 
stock under our stock incentive plan, offset by $7.7 million used to repay securitized financings. 

CountryPlace’s securitized debt is subject to provisions that require certain levels of overcollateralization. 
Overcollateralization is equal to CountryPlace's equity in the bonds. Failure to satisfy these provisions could cause 
cash, which would normally be distributed to CountryPlace, to be used for repayment of the principal of the related 
Class A bonds until the required overcollateralization level is reached. During periods when the overcollateralization 
is below the specified level, cash collections from the securitized loans in excess of servicing fees payable to 
CountryPlace and amounts owed to the Class A bondholders, trustee and surety, are applied to reduce the Class A 
debt until such time the overcollateralization level reaches the specified level. Therefore, failure to meet the 
overcollateralization requirement could adversely affect the timing of cash flows received by CountryPlace. 
However, principal payments of the securitized debt, including accelerated amounts, is payable only from cash 
collections from the securitized loans and no additional sources of repayment are required or permitted. As of April 
2, 2016, the 2005-1 and 2007-1 securitized portfolios were within the required overcollateralization level.

43

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at April 2, 2016, consisting of future payments 

under securitized financings, non-cancelable operating lease agreements, and capital lease agreements. For 
additional information related to these obligations, see Notes 12, 15 and 8, respectively, to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements. This table excludes long-term obligations for which there is no definite commitment period.

Total

Less than
1 Year

Payments Due by Period
1-3
Years
(in thousands)

3-5
Years

After 5
Years

Debt obligations:

Securitized financing 2005-1 (1)
Securitized financing 2007-1 (1)
Commitments for future payments
under noncancelable operating leases
Commitments for future payments
under capital leases

Total contractual obligations

$

$

31,831 $
34,554

4,413 $
4,643

7,374 $
7,173

20,044 $
22,738

9,858

2,997

4,466

2,182

2,805
79,048 $

289
12,342 $

795
19,808 $

1,721
46,685 $

—
—

213

—
213

(1)  Interest is calculated by applying contractual interest rates to month-end balances. The timing of these estimated 
payments fluctuates based upon various factors, including estimated loan portfolio prepayment and default 
rates.

The following table summarizes our contingent commitments at April 2, 2016, consisting of contingent 
repurchase obligations, letters of credit and remaining construction contingent commitments. For additional 
information related to these contingent obligations, see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Total

Contingent Payments Due by Period
1-3
Less than
Years
1 Year
(in thousands)

3-5
Years

After 5
Years

Repurchase obligations (1)
Letters of credit (2)
Construction contingent commitment (3)
Total contractual obligations

$
$
$
$

46,620 $
7,000
8,543
62,163 $

39,720 $
7,000
8,543
55,263 $

6,900 $
—
—
6,900 $

— $
—
—
— $

—
—
—
—

(1)  Although the repurchase obligations outstanding at April 2, 2016 have a finite life, these commitments are 

continually replaced as we continue to sell manufactured homes to retailers under repurchase and other recourse 
agreements with lending institutions which have provided wholesale floor plan financing to retailers.
(2)  While the current letters of credit have finite lives, they are subject to renewal based on their underlying 

requirements.

(3)  The total loan contract amount, less cumulative advances, represents an off-balance sheet contingent 

commitment of CountryPlace to fund future advances.

44

Critical Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our Consolidated 

Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles 
("GAAP"). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the 
reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and 
liabilities. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that 
are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments 
about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may 
differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Management believes the following accounting policies are critical to our operating results or may affect 

significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Factory-Built Housing Revenue Recognition. Revenue from homes sold to independent retailers is generally 

recognized when the home is shipped, at which time title passes to the independent retailer and collectability is 
reasonably assured. Homes sold to independent retailers are generally either paid for prior to shipment or floor plan 
financed by the independent retailer through standard industry arrangements, which can include repurchase 
agreements. Manufacturing sales financed under repurchase agreements are reduced by a provision for estimated 
repurchase obligations (see Note 15). Revenue from homes sold under commercial loan programs involving funds 
provided by the Company is either deferred until such time that payment for the related commercial loan receivable 
is received by the Company or recognized when the home is shipped, depending on the nature of the program and 
borrower (see Note 6 for discussion of Commercial loans receivable). Retail sales by Company-owned retail 
locations are generally recognized when the customer has entered into a legally binding sales contract, the home is 
delivered and permanently located at the customer's site, accepted by the customer, title has transferred and funding 
is reasonably assured.

Some of the Company’s independent retailers operate multiple sales outlets. No independent retailer accounted 

for 10% or more of our factory-built housing revenue during any fiscal year within the three-year period ended 
April 2, 2016.

Financial Services Revenue Recognition. Premium amounts collected on policies issued and assumed by 
Standard Casualty are amortized on a straight-line basis into net revenue over the life of the policy. Premiums 
earned are net of reinsurance ceded. Policy acquisition costs are also amortized as cost of sales over the life of the 
policy.

On April 23, 2011, the date of the Palm Harbor acquisition (the "Palm Harbor Acquisition Date"), management 
evaluated consumer loans receivable held for investment by CountryPlace to determine whether there was evidence 
of deterioration of credit quality and if it was probable that CountryPlace would be unable to collect all amounts due 
according to the loans’ contractual terms. The Company also considered expected prepayments and estimated the 
amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, interest and other cash flows. The Company determined the 
excess of the loan pool’s scheduled contractual principal and contractual interest payments over the undiscounted 
cash flows expected as of the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date as an amount that is not accreted into interest income 
(the non-accretable difference). The cash flow expected to be collected in excess of the carrying value of the 
acquired loans is accreted into interest income over the remaining life of the loans (referred to as accretable yield). 
Interest income on consumer loans receivable is recognized as net revenue (see Note 5).

For loans originated by CountryPlace and held for sale, loan origination fees and gains or losses on sales are 
recognized as net revenue upon title transfer of the loans. CountryPlace provides third-party servicing of mortgages 
and earns servicing fees each month based on the aggregate outstanding balances. Servicing fees are recognized as 
net revenue when earned.

45

Warranties. We provide the retail home buyer a one-year limited warranty covering defects in material or 
workmanship in home structure, plumbing and electrical systems. Nonstructural components of a cosmetic nature 
are warranted for 120 days, except in specific cases where state laws require longer warranty terms. We record a 
liability for estimated future warranty costs relating to homes sold, based upon our assessment of historical 
experience factors. Factors we use in the estimation of the warranty liability include the estimated amount of homes 
still under warranty including homes in retailer inventories, homes purchased by consumers still within the one-year 
warranty period, the timing in which work orders are completed and the historical average costs incurred to service 
a home. We have a reserve for estimated warranties of $13.4 million and $10.0 million at April 2, 2016 and 
March 28, 2015, respectively. Construction defect claims may arise during a significant period of time after product 
completion. Although we maintain general liability insurance and reserves for such claims, based on our 
assessments as described above, which to date have been adequate, there can be no assurance that warranty and 
construction defect claims will remain at current levels or that such reserves will continue to be adequate. A large 
number of warranty and construction defect claims exceeding our current levels could have a material adverse effect 
on our results of operations.

Reserve for Repurchase Commitments. Manufactured housing companies customarily enter into repurchase and 
other recourse agreements with lending institutions that have provided wholesale floor plan financing to retailers. A 
significant portion of our sales are made to retailers pursuant to repurchase agreements with lending institutions. 
These agreements generally provide that we will repurchase our new products from the lending institutions in the 
event such product is repossessed upon a retailer’s default. The risk of loss under repurchase agreements is lessened 
by certain factors, including the following:

• 

• 

sales of our manufactured homes are spread over a relatively large number of independent retailers;

the price that we are obligated to pay under such repurchase agreements declines based on predetermined 
amounts over the period of the agreement (generally 18 to 36 months); and

•  we have historically been able to resell homes repurchased from lenders.

The Company applies FASB ASC 460, Guarantees ("ASC 460") and FASB ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies 
("ASC 450-20"), to account for its liability for repurchase commitments. Under the provisions of ASC 460, issuance 
of a guarantee results in two different types of obligations: (1) a non-contingent obligation to stand ready to perform 
under the repurchase commitment (accounted for pursuant to ASC 460) and (2) a contingent obligation to make 
future payments under the conditions of the repurchase commitment (accounted for pursuant to ASC 450-20). 
Management reviews retailers' inventories to estimate the amount of inventory subject to repurchase obligation, 
which is used to calculate (1) the fair value of the non-contingent obligation for repurchase commitments and (2) 
the contingent liability based on historical information available at the time. During the period in which a home is 
sold (inception of a repurchase commitment), the Company records the greater of these two calculations as a 
liability for repurchase commitments and as a reduction to revenue.

(1)  The Company estimates the fair value of the non-contingent portion of its manufacturer's inventory 

repurchase commitment under the provisions of ASC 460 when a home is shipped to retailers whose floor 
plan financing includes a repurchase commitment. The fair value of the inventory repurchase agreement is 
determined by calculating the net present value of the difference in (a) the Company's interest cost to carry 
the inventory over the maximum repurchase liability period at the prevailing floor plan note interest rate 
and (b) the retailer's interest cost to carry the inventory over the maximum repurchase liability period at the 
interest rate of a similar type loan without a manufacturer's repurchase agreement in force. Following the 
inception of the commitment, the recorded reserve is reduced over the repurchase period in conjunction 
with applicable curtailment arrangements and is eliminated once the retailer sells the home.

(2)  The Company estimates the contingent obligation to make future payments under its manufacturer's 

inventory repurchase commitment for the same pool of commitments as used in the fair value calculation 
above and records the greater of the two calculations. This contingent obligation is estimated using 
historical loss factors, including the frequency of repurchases and the losses experienced by the Company 
for repurchased inventory.

46

Additionally, subsequent to the inception of the repurchase commitment, the Company evaluates the likelihood 

that it will be called on to perform under the inventory repurchase commitments. If it becomes probable that a 
retailer will default and an ASC 450-20 loss reserve should be recorded, then such contingent liability is recorded 
equal to the estimated loss on repurchase. Based on identified changes in retailers' financial conditions, the 
Company evaluates the probability of default for retailers who are identified at an elevated risk of default and 
applies a probability of default, based on historical default rates. Commensurate with this default probability 
evaluation, the Company reviews repurchase notifications received from floor plan sources and reviews retailer 
inventory for expected repurchase notifications based on various communications from the lenders and retailers. 
The Company's repurchase commitments for the retailers in the category of elevated risk of default are excluded 
from the pool of commitments used in both of the calculations at (1) and (2) above. Changes in the reserve are 
recorded as an adjustment to revenue.

The maximum amount for which the Company was contingently liable under such agreements approximated 
$46.6 million and $28.3 million at April 2, 2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively, without reduction for the resale 
value of the homes. The Company had a reserve for repurchase commitments of $1.7 million and $2.2 million at 
April 2, 2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively. The Company made payments totaling $393,000 under repurchase 
commitments during fiscal year 2016 and $127,000 in 2015.

Retailer Volume Rebates. The Company’s manufacturing operations sponsor volume rebate programs under 
which certain sales to retailers, builders and developers can qualify for cash rebates generally based on the level of 
sales attained during a twelve-month period. Volume rebates are accrued at the time of sale and are recorded as a 
reduction of net revenue.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets to 
be held and used and when events and circumstances warrant such a review. The carrying value of long-lived assets 
is considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash flow from such assets is less than its carrying value. 
In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the 
long-lived assets. Fair value is determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate 
commensurate with the risk involved. Losses on long-lived assets to be disposed of are determined in a similar 
manner, except that the fair values are based primarily on independent appraisals and preliminary or definitive 
contractual arrangements less costs to dispose. The Company recorded no impairment charges on long-lived assets 
during fiscal year 2016 or fiscal year 2015 and $0.6 million in fiscal year 2014.

Income Taxes and Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based 
on temporary differences between the financial statement amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities using 
enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The Company periodically 
evaluates the deferred tax assets based on the requirements established in FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, which 
requires the recording of a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the 
deferred tax assets will not be realized. The determination of the need for or amount of any valuation allowance 
involves significant management judgment and is based upon the evaluation of both positive and negative evidence, 
including estimates of anticipated taxable profits in various jurisdictions with which the deferred tax assets are 
associated. At April 2, 2016, the Company evaluated forecasted taxable profits and determined that, except for 
certain state net operating loss deferred tax assets, all other deferred tax assets would be utilized in future periods. A 
valuation allowance of $26,000 was recorded during fiscal year 2016 against the related deferred tax asset. Ultimate 
realization of the deferred tax assets depends on our ability to meet these forecasts in future periods. Changes in 
events or expectations could result in significant adjustments, which could include the recording of additional 
valuation allowance and material changes to the provision for income taxes.

47

Goodwill and Other Intangibles. We test goodwill annually for impairment by reporting unit by first making a 

qualitative assessment, and if necessary, performing the two-step test and recording an impairment charge if the 
implied fair value of a reporting unit, including goodwill, is less than its carrying value. We generally utilize a 
discounted cash flow methodology to test for impairment of goodwill. The results of discounted cash flow 
methodology depend upon a number of estimates and assumptions relating to cash flows, discount rates and other 
matters. Accordingly, such testing is subject to uncertainties, which could cause the fair value of goodwill to 
fluctuate from period to period. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are assessed annually for impairment first by 
making a qualitative assessment, and if necessary, performing a quantitative assessment and recording an 
impairment charge if the fair value of the asset is less than its carrying amount.

As of April 2, 2016, all of our goodwill is attributable to our factory-built housing reporting unit. We performed 

our annual goodwill impairment analysis as of April 2, 2016. In accordance with Accounting Standards Update 
("ASU") No. 2011-08, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment, we opted to 
first assess qualitative factors to determine that it was more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is 
not less than its carrying amount. As a result, performing the two-step impairment test was determined to be 
unnecessary for fiscal year 2016.

In the event that we are not able to achieve expected cash flow levels, or other factors indicate that goodwill is 
impaired, we may need to write off all or part of our goodwill, which would adversely affect our operating results 
and net worth. See Item 1A, "Risk Factors."

Accretable Yield on Consumer Loans Receivable and Securitized Financings. The Company acquired consumer 

loans receivable and securitized financings during the first quarter of fiscal 2012 as a part of the Palm Harbor 
transaction. Acquired consumer loans receivable held for investment and securitized financings were acquired at fair 
value, which resulted in a discount, and subsequently are accounted for a manner similar to FASB ASC 310-30, 
Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality ("ASC 310-30") to accrete the discount.

The Company considers expected prepayments and default rates and estimates the amount and timing of 

undiscounted expected principal, interest and other cash flows for consumer loans receivable held for investment to 
determine the expected cash flows on securitized financings and the contractual payments. The amount of 
contractual principal and contractual interest payments due on the securitized financings in excess of all cash flows 
expected as of the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date cannot be accreted into interest expense (the non-accretable 
difference). The remaining amount is accreted into interest expense over the remaining life of the obligation 
(referred to as accretable yield). For additional information, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest. Since acquiring Fleetwood, financial information for the Fleetwood 
operations has been included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes in accordance with the 
provisions of FASB ASC 810, Consolidation ("ASC 810"). Management determined that, although Fleetwood was 
only 50 percent owned by the Company, Cavco had a controlling interest and was required to fully consolidate the 
results of Fleetwood. The primary factors that contributed to this determination were Cavco’s management and 
board control of Fleetwood, wherein members of Cavco’s management held all of the seats on the Board of 
Directors of Fleetwood. In addition, as part of a management services agreement among Cavco, Fleetwood and 
Third Avenue, Cavco provided all executive-level management services to Fleetwood including, among other 
things, general management oversight, marketing and customer relations, accounting and cash management. Third 
Avenue’s financial interest in Fleetwood was considered a "redeemable noncontrolling interest" and was designated 
as such in the Consolidated Financial Statements (see Notes 1 and 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).

On July 22, 2013, Cavco purchased all noncontrolling interests in Fleetwood pursuant to a Stock Purchase 

Agreement with Third Avenue (the "Stock Purchase Agreement") (see Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements). As a result of the transaction, Cavco owns 100 percent of Fleetwood and its holdings, including 
Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, CountryPlace and Standard Casualty. The transaction eliminated the need 
for noncontrolling interest accounting.

48

Other Matters

Related Party Transactions. On July 22, 2013, Cavco completed the purchase of all noncontrolling interests in 
Cavco’s subsidiary that owns Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, CountryPlace and Standard Casualty from 
Third Avenue. The Company satisfied the purchase price with 1,867,370 shares of Cavco common stock (the 
"Cavco Shares"). Third Avenue is considered a principal owner, and therefore a related party, under ASC 
850, Related Party Disclosures ("ASC 850"). Subsequent to the transaction closing, Cavco owns 100 percent of 
Fleetwood and Third Avenue beneficially owned approximately 22.8% of Cavco's outstanding common stock. As of 
April 2, 2016, Third Avenue Management LLC beneficially owned approximately 8.2% of our outstanding common 
shares. Third Avenue Management LLC and Third Avenue Value Fund are either directly or indirectly under 
common control.

The Company issued the Cavco Shares in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4
(2) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. In accordance with the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company 
filed a registration statement with the SEC seeking registration of the Cavco Shares. The SEC declared the 
registration statement effective on October 11, 2013. However, Third Avenue remains subject to certain restrictions 
on the ability to transfer Cavco Shares. During the Standstill Period (defined below) Cavco has a "right of first 
offer" to acquire any Cavco Shares that either of the Third Avenue parties wishes to transfer to independent third 
parties. Additionally, pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, Third Avenue agreed, from and after the closing 
and continuing until the termination of the Standstill Period, that it would vote all Cavco Shares in accordance with 
the recommendations of the Company's Board of Directors with respect to any action, proposal or other matter to be 
voted on by the stockholders of Cavco. 

The "Standstill Period" ends on the earlier of (i) the fourth anniversary of the Closing Date (July 22, 2017) or 

(ii) the third anniversary of the Closing Date (July 22, 2016) if Third Avenue owns less than 12.5% of the 
outstanding Cavco common stock on the third anniversary date. Additionally, during the Standstill Period, Third 
Avenue has agreed not to do any of the following without the prior written consent of the Company: acquire 
beneficial ownership of common equity securities of the Company or any other securities of the Company entitled 
to vote generally in the election of directors of the Company; deposit any securities of the Company in a voting trust 
or similar arrangement or subject any voting securities of the Company to any voting agreement, pooling 
arrangement or similar arrangement, or grant any proxy with respect to any voting securities of the Company; enter, 
agree to enter, propose or offer to enter into or facilitate any merger, business combination, tender offer, 
recapitalization, restructuring, change in control transaction or other similar extraordinary transaction involving the 
Company or any of its subsidiaries; make, or in any way participate or engage in, any "solicitation" of "proxies" to 
vote, or advise or knowingly influence any person with respect to the voting of, any voting securities of the 
Company or any of its subsidiaries; call, or seek to call, a meeting of the shareholders of the Company or initiate 
any shareholder proposal for action by the shareholders of the Company; form, join or in any way participate in a 
Group within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange 
Act"), with respect to any voting securities of the Company; otherwise act, alone or in concert with others, to seek 
to control or influence the Board or the management or policies of the Company; publicly disclose any intention, 
plan or arrangement prohibited by, or inconsistent with, the foregoing; advise or knowingly assist or encourage or 
enter into any discussions, negotiations, agreements or arrangements with any other person or Group (within the 
meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) in connection with the foregoing; or knowingly transfer more 
than 3% of the Cavco Shares to any one individual or entity.

In July 2015, the Company’s CEO made a payment of $1.1 million to the Company, representing the repayment 

of performance bonuses related to fiscal 2012, 2014 and 2015 that were determined to be in excess of the 2005 
Stock Incentive Plan limits and made to the CEO during those periods.

Impact of Inflation. We believe that the general inflation rate over the past several years has not had a significant 

impact on our revenue or profitability, but we can give no assurance that this trend will continue in the future. 
However, sudden increases in specific costs, such as the increases in material costs, as well as price competition, 
can affect our ability to increase our selling prices and adversely impact our results of operations. Therefore, we can 
give no assurance that inflation or the impact of rising material costs will not have a significant impact on our 
revenue or results of operations in the future.

49

Impact of Accounting Standards. In September 2013, the United States Treasury and the Internal Revenue 
Service issued final regulations regarding the deduction and capitalization of expenditures related to tangible 
property. The final regulations under Internal Revenue Code Sections 162, 167 and 263(a) apply to amounts paid to 
acquire, produce, or improve tangible property as well as dispositions of such property and are generally effective 
for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2014. These regulations have not had a material impact on our 
consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) ("ASU 
2014-09"), which outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from 
contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific 
guidance. The standard requires entities to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to 
customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for 
those goods or services. The new guidance also includes a cohesive set of disclosure requirements intended to 
provide users of financial statements with comprehensive information about the nature, amount, timing and 
uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from a company’s contracts with customers. In August 2015, the 
FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, 
which deferred the effective date of the new revenue standard. Accordingly, the updated standard will be effective 
for us beginning the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year 2019, with early application permitted in fiscal year 
2018. The standard allows for either "full retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all of the 
periods presented, or "modified retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current 
period presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2014-09 will have 
on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of 

Deferred Taxes ("ASU 2015-17"). ASU 2015-17 will be effective beginning with the Company's fiscal year 2019 
annual report and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted. In this update, entities are required to 
present all deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent on the balance sheet instead of separating deferred taxes 
into current and noncurrent amounts. The standard can be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities 
and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. As this standard impacts presentation only, the adoption of 
ASU 2015-17 is not expected to have an impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash 
flows.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and 

Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01"). ASU 2016-01 will be effective 
beginning with the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year 2019. The amendments require certain equity 
investments to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income. The 
Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2016-01 will have on the Company's Consolidated Financial 
Statements and disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 will be 

effective beginning with the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted. The 
amendments require the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for most leases, but 
recognize expenses in the income statement in a manner similar to current accounting treatment. In addition, 
disclosures of key information about leasing arrangements are required. Upon adoption, leases will be recognized 
and measured at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The 
Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2016-02 will have on the Company's Consolidated Financial 
Statements and disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation- Stock Compensation (Topic 718) ("ASU 
2016-09"). ASU 2016-09 will be effective beginning with the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year 2018, with 
early adoption permitted. The amendment simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment 
transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and 
classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2016-09 will 
have on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

50

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB and other regulatory bodies that are 

adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, management believes that 
the impact of recently issued standards, which are not yet effective, will not have a material impact on the 
Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market prices and interest rates. We may from 
time to time be exposed to interest rate risk inherent in our financial instruments, but are not currently subject to 
foreign currency or commodity price risk. We manage our exposure to these market risks through our regular 
operating and financing activities.

Our operations are interest rate sensitive. As overall manufactured housing demand can be adversely affected 
by increases in interest rates, a significant increase in wholesale or mortgage interest rates may negatively affect the 
ability of retailers and home buyers to secure financing. Higher interest rates could unfavorably impact our 
revenues, gross margins and net earnings. Our business is also sensitive to the effects of inflation, particularly with 
respect to raw material and transportation costs. We may not be able to offset inflation through increased selling 
prices.

CountryPlace is exposed to market risk related to the accessibility and terms of long-term financing of its loans. 

In the past, CountryPlace accessed the asset-backed securities market to provide term financing of its chattel and 
non-conforming mortgage originations. At present, independent asset-backed and mortgage-backed securitization 
markets are not readily available to CountryPlace and other manufactured housing lenders. Accordingly, 
CountryPlace has not continued to securitize its loan originations as a means to obtain long-term funding.

We are also exposed to market risks related to our fixed rate consumer and commercial loan notes receivables, as 
well as our securitized financings balances. For fixed rate instruments, changes in interest rates do not change future 
earnings and cash flows. However, changes in interest rates could affect the fair value of these instruments. Assuming 
the level of these instruments as of April 2, 2016, is held constant, a 1% unfavorable change in average interest rates 
would adversely impact the fair value of these instruments, as follows (in thousands):

Consumer loans receivable
Commercial loans receivable
Securitized financings

Change in Fair
Value

$
$
$

5,511
167
1,093

In originating loans for sale, CountryPlace issues interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") to prospective 
borrowers and third-party originators. These IRLCs represent an agreement to extend credit to a loan applicant, or 
an agreement to purchase a loan from a third-party originator, whereby the interest rate on the loan is set prior to 
loan closing or sale. These IRLCs bind CountryPlace to fund the approved loan at the specified rate regardless of 
whether interest rates or market prices for similar loans have changed between the commitment date and the closing 
date. As such, outstanding IRLCs are subject to interest rate risk and related loan sale price risk during the period 
from the date of the IRLC through the earlier of the loan sale date or IRLC expiration date. The loan commitments 
generally range between 30 and 180 days; however, borrowers are not obligated to close the related loans. As a 
result, CountryPlace is subject to fallout risk related to IRLCs, which is realized if approved borrowers choose not 
to close on the loans within the terms of the IRLCs. As of April 2, 2016, CountryPlace had outstanding IRLCs with 
a notional amount of $4.3 million and are recorded at fair value in accordance with FASB ASC 815, Derivatives 
and Hedging. The estimated fair values of IRLCs are based on quoted market values and are recorded in other 
assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of IRLCs is based on the value of the underlying mortgage 
loan adjusted for: (i) estimated cost to complete and originate the loan and (ii) the estimated percentage or IRLCs 
that will result in closed mortgage loans. The initial and subsequent changes in the value of IRLCs are a component 
of current income. Assuming CountryPlace’s level of IRLCs is held constant, a 1% increase in average interest rates 
would decrease the fair value of CountryPlace’s obligations by approximately $0.2 million.

51

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Reference is made to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Reports thereon, the Notes thereto, and the 
supplementary data commencing on page F-1 of this report, which Consolidated Financial Statements, Reports, 
Notes and data are incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including 

our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our 
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)). Based upon 
that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period 
covered in this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

The management of Cavco Industries, Inc. (the "Company") is responsible for establishing and maintaining 
adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 
15d-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and 
procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and dispositions of the Company’s assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are 
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted 
accounting principles, and that the Company’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with 
authorizations of our management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or 
timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material 
effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, the Company’s controls and procedures may not prevent or detect 
misstatements. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not 
absolute, assurance that the objectives of the controls system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all 
controls systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of 
fraud, if any, have been detected.

Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the 

criteria in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Based on management’s evaluation under the criteria in Internal Control
—Integrated Framework, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was 
effective as of April 2, 2016.

The scope of management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not 

include the internal controls of Chariot Eagle, LLC and Fairmont Homes, LLC, which are included in the 2016 
consolidated financial statements of Cavco Industries, Inc. since the acquisition dates of March 30, 2015 and 
May 1, 2015, respectively, which comprised approximately 5% of total assets and 12% of net revenues for the year 
ended April 2, 2016.

52

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of April 2, 2016, has been 
audited by RSM US LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which appears 
herein.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended April 2, 2016, which have materially affected, 
or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

53

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Cavco Industries, Inc.

We have audited Cavco Industries, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of April 2, 2016, based on 
criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013. Cavco Industries, Inc.’s management is responsible for 
maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal 
control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over 
Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial 
reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit 
included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the 
assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the 
circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

As described in Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting, management has excluded 
Chariot Eagle LLC and Fairmont Homes, LLC from its assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of 
April 2, 2016, because these entities were acquired by the Company in purchase business combinations in the first 
quarter of the fiscal year ended April 2, 2016. We have also excluded Chariot Eagle, LLC and Fairmont Homes, 
LLC from our audit of internal control over financial reporting. Chariot Eagle, LLC and Fairmont Homes, LLC are 
wholly owned subsidiaries whose total assets and revenues represent approximately 5% and 12%, respectively, of 
the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the fiscal year ended April 2, 2016.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (a) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (b) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (c) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that 
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the 
policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Cavco Industries, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial 
reporting as of April 2, 2016, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by 
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States), the April 2, 2016 consolidated financial statements of Cavco Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries, and 
our report dated June 21, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ RSM US LLP
Los Angeles, California
June 21, 2016

54

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

For a description of the directors of the Company and other information called for by this Item 10, see "Election 

of Directors," and "General - Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the Company’s Proxy 
Statement for the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which is incorporated herein by reference. Also see the 
information relating to executive officers of the Company that follows Item 4 of Part I of this Report, which is 
incorporated in this Item 10 by reference.

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all directors, officers and employees of the 

Company. A copy of the Company’s Code of Ethics is located on the Company’s website at www.cavco.com or will 
be mailed, at no charge, upon request submitted to James P. Glew, Secretary, Cavco Industries, Inc., 1001 North 
Central Avenue, Suite 800, Phoenix, Arizona, 85004. If the Company makes any amendment to, or grants any 
waivers of, a provision of the Code of Ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial 
officer, principal accounting officer or controller where such amendment or waiver is required to be disclosed under 
applicable SEC rules, the Company intends to disclose such amendment or waiver and the reasons therefore on its 
Internet website at www.cavco.com.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

For a description of the Company’s executive compensation, see "Election of Directors," and "Compensation 
Discussion and Analysis" (other than the "Compensation Committee Report") in the Company's Proxy Statement 
for the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

For a description of the security ownership of management and certain beneficial owners, see "Stock 

Ownership" in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which is 
incorporated herein by reference.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table sets forth information as of April 2, 2016, with respect to our compensation plans and 
individual compensation arrangements under which our equity securities were authorized for issuance to directors, 
officers, employees, consultants and certain other persons and entities in exchange for the provision to us of goods 
or services.

Plan Category
Equity compensation plans approved by
stockholders
Equity compensation plans not approved by
stockholders
Total

Number of
Securities to be
Issued Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants, and
Rights (a)

Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants, and
Rights

Number of Securities
Remaining Available for
Future Issuance Under
Equity Compensation
Plans (Excluding
Securities Reflected in
Column (a))

51.91

—
51.91

386,131

—
386,131

491,980 $

—
491,980 $

55

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE

For a description of certain relationships and related transactions of the Company, see "Compensation 

Discussion and Analysis-Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation" of the Company’s Proxy 
Statement for the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

For a description of principal accounting fees and services, see "Audit Fees" and "Ratification of Appointment 
of Independent Auditor" in the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which is 
incorporated herein by reference.

56

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV

Financial Statements are listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page F-1 of this report.

All schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included in the 

Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

Exhibits

The documents listed below are being filed or have previously been filed on behalf of the Company and are 
incorporated herein by reference from the documents indicated and made a part hereof. Exhibits not identified as 
previously filed are filed herewith.

Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Cavco

Exhibit

Filed/Furnished Herewith or
Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit 3.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2004

Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of Cavco

Exhibit 3.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2006

Exhibit
Number

3.1

3.2

3.3

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Cavco

10.1*

Stock Incentive Plan of Cavco

10.1.1*

Amendment to the Cavco Industries, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan

10.1.2*

Form of Stock Option Agreement for Stock Incentive Plan

10.2*

Cavco 2005 Stock Incentive Plan

Exhibit 3.2 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2004

Exhibit 10.6 to the Registration Statement on Form 10/A
(File No. 000-08822) filed by Cavco on April 23, 2003,
as amended by Form 10/A dated May 21, 2003, Form 10/
A dated May 30, 2003, Form 10/A dated June 17, 2003,
and Form 10/A dated June 20, 2003

Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2010

Exhibit 10.18 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2008

Exhibit A to the Corporation's Definitive Proxy
Statement for its 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on May 23, 2005, and incorporated by
reference herein (this Exhibit is filed as an Exhibit to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No.
333-132925), filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on April 3, 2006)

10.2.1*

10.2.2*

10.2.3*

First Amendment to Cavco Industries, Inc. 2005 Stock
Incentive Plan

Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2010

Second Amendment to Cavco Industries, Inc. 2005 Stock
Incentive Plan

Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the fiscal quarter ended September 26, 2015

Representative Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for
the applicable Cavco stock incentive plan

Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2007

10.2.4*

Form of Stock Option Agreement for Stock Incentive Plan

10.2.5*

Form of Stock Option Agreement for Stock Incentive Plan

Exhibit 10.18 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2008

Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2012

10.3*

10.4*

10.4.1*

10.4.2*

10.5*

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated June
30, 2011, between Joseph H. Stegmayer and Cavco

Exhibit 10.1 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on
July 5, 2011

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Incentive Plan for
Fiscal Year 2014

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Incentive Plan for
Fiscal Year 2015

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Incentive
Plan for Fiscal Year 2016

President of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. Incentive Plan for Fiscal
Year 2014

Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2013

Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on May 8, 2014

Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on June 9, 2015

Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2013

57

 
Exhibit
Number

10.5.1*

10.5.2*

10.6*

10.7

10.9

10.9

10.10

10.10.1

10.10.2

10.10.3

10.10.4

10.11

Exhibit

President of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. Incentive Plan for Fiscal
Year 2015

President of Fleetwood Homes, Inc. Incentive Plan for Fiscal
Year 2016

President of Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. Incentive Plan for Fiscal
Year 2014

Filed/Furnished Herewith or
Incorporated by Reference

Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on May 8, 2014

Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on June 9, 2015

Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2013

Distribution Agreement, dated May 30, 2003, among Centex,
Cavco Industries, LLC, and Cavco

Exhibit 10.9 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2004

Tax Sharing Agreement, dated June 30, 2003, among Centex,
Centex’s Affiliates, and Cavco

Exhibit 10.10 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2004

Asset Purchase Agreement dated July 2009 by and among FH
Holding, Inc., Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. and certain of its
subsidiaries

Shareholders’ Agreement by and among FH Holding, Inc. (now
known as Fleetwood Homes, Inc.) and its Shareholders dated
August 17, 2009

Exhibit 10.1 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on
July 23, 2009

Exhibit 10.10 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2012

First Amendment to Shareholders’ Agreement dated November
30, 2010

Exhibit 10.10.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012

Second Amendment to Shareholders’ Agreement dated June
17, 2011

Exhibit 10.10.2 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012

Third Amendment to Shareholders’ Agreement dated February
16, 2012

Exhibit 10.10.3 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012

Fourth Amendment to Shareholders’ Agreement dated June 5,
2012

Exhibit 10.10.4 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012

Debtor-In-Possession Revolving Credit Agreement dated
November 29, 2010

Exhibit 10.1 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on
November 29, 2010

Exhibit 10.2 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on
November 29, 2010

Exhibit 10.3 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed on
November 29, 2010

Exhibit 2.1 to the Periodic Report on Form 8-K filed 
on June 14, 2013

10.12

Security Agreement dated November 29, 2010

10.13

Asset Purchase Agreement dated November 29, 2010

10.14

21

23.1

23.2

31.1

31.2

Stock Purchase Agreement, dated June 14, 2013, by and among
Third Avenue Trust, a Delaware Trust, the Whitman High
Conviction Fund and Cavco Industries, Inc., a Delaware
corporation

List of Subsidiaries of Cavco

Consent of RSM US LLP, Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm

Filed herewith

Certificate of Joseph H. Stegmayer, Chief Executive Officer,
pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act, as amended

Certificate of Daniel L. Urness, Chief Financial Officer,
pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act, as amended

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

32.1**

Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Furnished herewith

*

**

Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

These certifications are not "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or
otherwise subject to the liability of that section. These certifications are not to be deemed incorporated by reference into any
filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, unless Cavco
specifically incorporates them by reference.

Copies of any of the exhibits referred to above will be furnished at no cost to security holders who make a 
written request to James P. Glew, Secretary, Cavco Industries, Inc., 1001 North Central Avenue, Suite 800, Phoenix, 
Arizona, 85004 or via the Company website (www.cavco.com).

58

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has 

duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Date:

June 21, 2016

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.

/s/ Joseph H. Stegmayer
Joseph H. Stegmayer – Chairman,

President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the 

following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Title

/s/ Joseph H. Stegmayer

/s/ Daniel L. Urness

Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Executive Vice President, Treasurer and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting
Officer)

/s/ William C. Boor

/s/ Steven G. Bunger

/s/ David A. Greenblatt

/s/ Jack Hanna

Director

Director

Director

Director

Date

June 21, 2016

June 21, 2016

June 21, 2016

June 21, 2016

June 21, 2016

June 21, 2016

59

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 2, 2016 and March 28, 2015

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended April 2, 2016, March 
28, 2015 and March 29, 2014

F-2

F-4

F-5

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest for 
the Years Ended April 2, 2016, March 28, 2015 and March 29, 2014

F-6

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended April 2, 2016, March 28, 2015 
and March 29, 2014

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F-7

F-8

F-1

 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Cavco Industries, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cavco Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the 
Company) as of April 2, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, stockholders’ 
equity and redeemable noncontrolling interest, and cash flows for the fiscal year then ended. These financial 
statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the 
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial position of Cavco Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries at April 2, 2016, and the consolidated results of their 
operations and their cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting 
principles.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States), Cavco Industries Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of April 2, 2016, based on 
criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013 and our report dated June 21, 2016 expressed an unqualified 
opinion on the effectiveness of Cavco Industries, Inc.'s internal controls over financial reporting.

/s/ RSM US LLP
Los Angeles, California
June 21, 2016

F-2

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Cavco Industries, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cavco Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the 
Company) as of March 28, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, stockholders’ 
equity and redeemable noncontrolling interest, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended 
March 28, 2015. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the 
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial position of Cavco Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries at March 28, 2015 and the consolidated results of their 
operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended March 28, 2015, in conformity with 
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Phoenix, Arizona
June 10, 2015

F-3

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash, current
Accounts receivable, net
Short-term investments
Current portion of consumer loans receivable, net
Current portion of commercial loans receivable, net
Inventories
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Deferred income taxes, current

Total current assets
Restricted cash
Investments
Consumer loans receivable, net
Commercial loans receivable, net
Property, plant and equipment, net
Goodwill and other intangibles, net
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Current portion of securitized financings and other

Total current liabilities
Securitized financings and other
Deferred income taxes
Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; No shares
issued or outstanding
Common stock, $.01 par value; 40,000,000 and 20,000,000 shares
authorized, respectively; Outstanding 8,927,989 and 8,859,199 shares,
respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income

Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

97,766 $
10,218
29,113
10,140
21,918
3,557
94,813
22,196
8,998
298,719
1,082
28,948
67,640
21,985
55,072
80,389
553,835 $

18,513 $
100,314
6,262
125,089
54,909
20,611

96,597
9,997
26,994
7,106
24,073
2,330
75,334
14,460
8,573
265,464
1,081
24,813
74,085
15,751
44,712
76,676
502,582

17,805
77,076
6,590
101,471
60,370
20,587

—

—

89
241,662
110,186
1,289
353,226
553,835 $

89
237,916
81,645
504
320,154
502,582

$

$

$

$

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F-4

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

Net revenue
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Income from operations
Interest expense
Other income, net
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Less: net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling

interest

Net income attributable to Cavco common stockholders

Comprehensive income:

Net income
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income attributable to redeemable

noncontrolling interest

Comprehensive income attributable to Cavco common

stockholders

Net income per share attributable to Cavco common

stockholders:
Basic
Diluted

Weighted average shares outstanding:

Basic
Diluted

$

$

$

$

$
$

April 2,
2016

Year Ended
March 28,
2015

March 29,
2014

712,352 $
567,907
144,445
98,103
46,342
(4,363)
2,049
44,028
(15,487)
28,541

566,659 $
440,523
126,136
87,659
38,477
(4,587)
3,437
37,327
(13,510)
23,817

—
28,541 $

—
23,817 $

28,541 $
785
29,326

23,817 $
68
23,885

—

—

533,339
413,856
119,483
87,938
31,545
(4,845)
1,105
27,805
(9,099)
18,706

2,468
16,238

18,706
82
18,788

2,392

29,326 $

23,885 $

16,396

3.21 $
3.15 $

2.69 $
2.64 $

1.97
1.94

8,889,731
9,046,347

8,854,359
9,015,779

8,262,688
8,379,024

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F-5

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
AND REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST
(Dollars in thousands)

Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Additional
paid-in capital

Retained
earnings

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income

Redeemable
noncontrolling
interest

Total

Balance, March 31, 2013

6,967,954

$

Net income

Unrealized gain on
available-for-sale securities

Stock option exercises and
associated tax benefits

Stock-based compensation

Acquisition of
noncontrolling interest

Balance, March 29, 2014

Net income

Unrealized gain on
available-for-sale securities

Stock option exercises and
associated tax benefits

Stock-based compensation

Balance, March 28, 2015

Net income

Unrealized gain on
available-for-sale securities

Stock option exercises and
associated tax benefits

Stock-based compensation

—

—

9,500

—

1,867,370

8,844,824

—

—

14,375

—

8,859,199

—

—

68,790

—

Balance, April 2, 2016

8,927,989

$

70

—

—

—

—

18

88

—

—

1

—

89

—

—

—

—

89

$

135,053

$

41,590

$

177

$

176,890

$

—

—

408

2,353

94,267

232,081

—

—

4,178

1,657

237,916

—

—

1,984

1,762

16,238

—

—

—

—

57,828

23,817

—

—

—

81,645

28,541

—

—

—

—

158

—

—

101

436

—

68

—

—

504

—

785

—

—

16,238

158

408

2,353

94,386

290,433

23,817

68

4,179

1,657

320,154

28,541

785

1,984

1,762

$

241,662

$

110,186

$

1,289

$

353,226

$

91,994

2,468

(76)

—

—

(94,386)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F-6

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)

April 2,
2016

Year Ended

March 28,
2015

March 29,
2014

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

$

28,541

$

23,817

$

18,706

Depreciation and amortization
Provision for credit losses
Deferred income taxes
Stock-based compensation expense
Non-cash interest income, net
Incremental tax benefits from option exercises
Impairment of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale

(Gain) loss on sale of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale

Gain on investments and sale of loans
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Restricted cash
Accounts receivable
Consumer loans receivable originated
Principal payments on consumer loans receivable
Proceeds from sales of consumer loans
Inventories
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Commercial loans receivable
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of certain assets and liabilities of Fairmont Homes and Chariot Eagle

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and assets held for sale

Purchases of investments
Proceeds from sale of investments

Net cash used in investing activities

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Incremental tax benefits from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from secured financings and other
Payments on securitized financings and other
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year for income taxes
Cash paid during the year for interest

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:

Issuance of common stock to acquire noncontrolling interest

$

$
$

$

3,922
408
(940)
1,762
(1,681)
(1,279)

—

(15)
(5,836)

100
3,332
(99,314)
11,717
101,130
(3,980)
(2,325)
(7,515)
15,516
43,543

(3,519)

(28,121)

93
(17,114)
10,434
(38,227)

705
1,279
1,383
(7,514)
(4,147)
1,169
96,597
97,766

15,443
3,862

$

$
$

3,757
(149)
4,341
1,657
(1,098)
(3,679)

—

(1,558)
(6,263)

(3,092)
(6,205)
(107,957)
14,143
100,380
(5,605)
(233)
3,293
10,149
25,698

(2,210)

—

6,035
(16,707)
10,783
(2,099)

500
3,679
3,573
(7,703)
49
23,648
72,949
96,597

7,373
4,103

$

$
$

4,000
61
563
2,353
(676)
(51)

560

70
(5,544)

(449)
(2,148)
(94,280)
15,319
98,049
(924)
(2,913)
1,866
12,195
46,757

(2,265)

—

61
(17,121)
9,661
(9,664)

357
51
—
(12,375)
(11,967)
25,126
47,823
72,949

6,803
4,709

— $

— $

94,386

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F-7

CAVCO INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation. These Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Cavco Industries, 

Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company" or "Cavco"). All significant intercompany 
transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been 
reclassified to conform to current period classification. The Company has evaluated subsequent events after the 
balance sheet date of April 2, 2016, through the date of the filing of this report with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission ("SEC"). Subsequent to period end, there was an increase in homeowner insurance claims in our 
financial services segment, the result of severe adverse Spring weather activity in Texas. The total impact of these 
events is not yet known, as the Company is still adjusting the claims and determining recoveries from reinsurance 
for catastrophic losses.

In fiscal year 2010, the Company and its investment partners, Third Avenue Value Fund and an affiliate 
(collectively, "Third Avenue"), formed a jointly-owned corporation, Fleetwood Homes, Inc. ("Fleetwood") and 
purchased certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. (the "Fleetwood 
Acquisition"). Third Avenue Management LLC is an investment adviser to Third Avenue Value Fund and is a 
related party to the Company, as described further in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Fleetwood, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Palm Harbor Homes, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Palm 

Harbor"), acquired certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of Palm Harbor Homes, Inc., a Florida 
corporation, and certain of its subsidiaries including CountryPlace Acceptance Corp. ("CountryPlace") on April 23, 
2011 (the "Palm Harbor Acquisition Date"). Subsequently, the stock of Standard Casualty Co. ("Standard 
Casualty") was acquired on June 10, 2011 after regulatory approval was received from the Texas Department of 
Insurance.

Since the Fleetwood Acquisition, financial information for Fleetwood has been included in the Consolidated 
Financial Statements and the related Notes in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards 
Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 810, Consolidation ("ASC 810"). Management 
determined that, under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), although Fleetwood was 
previously only 50 percent owned by the Company, Cavco had a controlling interest and was required to fully 
consolidate the results of Fleetwood. Third Avenue’s financial interest in Fleetwood was considered a "redeemable 
noncontrolling interest" and was designated as such in the Consolidated Financial Statements (see Note 20).

On July 22, 2013, Cavco purchased all noncontrolling interests in Fleetwood pursuant to a Stock Purchase 
Agreement, which was filed with the SEC on June 14, 2013 as an exhibit to the Company's Periodic Report on 
Form 8-K (see Note 21). The transaction was accounted for as an equity transaction and eliminated the need for 
noncontrolling interest accounting. As a result of the transaction, Cavco owns 100 percent of Fleetwood and its 
holdings, including Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, CountryPlace and Standard Casualty.

On March 30, 2015, the Company purchased certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of Chariot 

Eagle, LLC, which produces park model RVs and manufactured homes distributed in the southeastern United 
States. On May 1, 2015, the Company also purchased certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of 
Fairmont Homes, a premier builder of manufactured and modular homes and park model RVs serving the Midwest, 
western Great Plains states, the Northeast and several provinces in Canada. These operations include manufactured 
housing production facilities in Ocala, Florida; Nappanee, Indiana; and two factories in Montevideo, Minnesota, 
and provide for further operating capacity, increased home production capabilities and distribution into new 
markets. Both of these acquisitions were accounted for as business combinations and the results of operations have 
been included since the date of their respective acquisitions.

F-8

Nature of Operations. Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, the Company designs and produces manufactured 
homes which are sold to a network of independent retailers located throughout the continental United States as well 
as through Company-owned retail sales locations which offer the Company’s homes to retail customers. Our 
financial services group is comprised of a mortgage subsidiary, CountryPlace, an approved Federal National 
Mortgage Association ("FNMA" or "Fannie Mae") and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC" and 
"Freddie Mac") seller/servicer, a Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA" or "Ginnie Mae") 
mortgage backed securities issuer which offers conforming mortgages and chattel loans to purchasers of factory-
built and site-built homes. Also included is our insurance subsidiary, Standard Casualty, which provides property 
and casualty insurance to owners of manufactured homes.

Fiscal Year. The Company utilizes a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the Saturday nearest to March 31 of each 
year. Each fiscal quarter consists of 13 weeks, with an occasional fourth quarter extending to 14 weeks, if necessary, 
for the fiscal year to end on the Saturday nearest to March 31. The Company’s current fiscal year consisted of 53 
weeks and ended on April 2, 2016.

Accounting Estimates. Preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to 

make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and 
accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparation of the 
financial statements.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, 
restricted cash, accounts receivable, investments, consumer loans receivable, commercial loans receivable, accounts 
payable, certain accrued liabilities and securitized financings. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents 
approximates fair value because their maturity is less than three months. The carrying amounts of restricted cash, 
accounts receivable, accounts payable and certain accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term 
maturity of the amounts. The carrying amount of investments classified as held for sale is at fair value as the 
investments are marked to market (see Note 3). The carrying amount of the Company’s commercial loans 
receivable fair value is estimated based on the market value of comparable loans. The fair value of consumer loans 
receivable and securitized financings are both estimated to be greater than carrying value (see Note 18).

Factory-Built Housing Revenue Recognition. Revenue from homes sold to independent retailers is generally 

recognized when the home is shipped, at which time title passes to the independent retailer and collectability is 
reasonably assured. Homes sold to independent retailers are generally either paid for prior to shipment or floor plan 
financed by the independent retailer through standard industry arrangements, which can include repurchase 
agreements. Manufacturing sales financed under repurchase agreements are reduced by a provision for estimated 
repurchase obligations (see Note 15). Revenue from homes sold under commercial loan programs involving funds 
provided by the Company is either deferred until such time that payment for the related commercial loan receivable 
is received by the Company or recognized when the home is shipped, depending on the nature of the program and 
borrower (see Note 6 for discussion of Commercial loans receivable). Retail sales by Company-owned retail 
locations are generally recognized when the customer has entered into a legally binding sales contract, the home is 
delivered and permanently located at the customer's site, accepted by the customer, title has transferred and funding 
is reasonably assured.

Some of the Company’s independent retailers operate multiple sales outlets. No independent retailer accounted 

for 10% or more of our factory-built housing revenue during any fiscal year within the three-year period ended 
April 2, 2016.

Financial Services Revenue Recognition. Premium amounts collected on policies issued and assumed by 
Standard Casualty are amortized on a straight-line basis into net revenue over the life of the policy. Premiums 
earned are net of reinsurance ceded. Policy acquisition costs are also amortized as cost of sales over the life of the 
policy.

F-9

At the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date, management evaluated consumer loans receivable held for investment by 

CountryPlace to determine whether there was evidence of deterioration of credit quality and if it was probable that 
CountryPlace would be unable to collect all amounts due according to the loans’ contractual terms. The Company 
also considered expected prepayments and estimated the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal, 
interest and other cash flows. The Company determined the excess of the loan pool’s scheduled contractual 
principal and contractual interest payments over the undiscounted cash flows expected as of the Palm Harbor 
Acquisition Date as an amount that is not accreted into interest income (the non-accretable difference). The cash 
flow expected to be collected in excess of the carrying value of the acquired loans is accreted into interest income 
over the remaining life of the loans (referred to as accretable yield). Interest income on consumer loans receivable is 
recognized as net revenue (see Note 5).

For loans originated by CountryPlace and held for sale, loan origination fees and gains or losses on sales are 
recognized as net revenue upon title transfer of the loans. CountryPlace provides third-party servicing of mortgages 
and earns servicing fees each month based on the aggregate outstanding balances. Servicing fees are recognized as 
net revenue when earned.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Highly liquid investments with insignificant interest rate risk and original 
maturities of three months or less, when purchased, are classified as cash equivalents. The Company’s cash 
equivalents are comprised of U.S. Treasury money market funds and money market funds.

Restricted Cash. Restricted cash primarily represents cash related to CountryPlace customer payments to be 
remitted to third parties, cash held in trust for workers' compensation insurance and deposits received from retail 
customers required to be held in trust accounts. The Company cannot access restricted cash for general operating 
purposes (see Note 2).

Accounts Receivable. The Company extends competitive credit terms on a customer-by-customer basis in the 
normal course of business and its accounts receivable are subject to normal industry risk. The Company provides 
for reserves against accounts receivable for estimated losses that may result from customers' inability to pay. As of 
April 2, 2016, allowance for doubtful accounts was $75,000, attributable to factory-built housing operations, 
compared to $56,000 at March 28, 2015.

Investments. Management determines the appropriate classification of its investment securities at the time of 
purchase. The Company’s investments include marketable debt and equity securities, a majority of which are held 
as available-for-sale, and non-marketable equity investments. All investments classified as available-for-sale are 
recorded at fair value with any unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, 
net of income tax if applicable. Realized gains and losses from the sale of securities are determined using the 
specific identification method (see Note 3).

Management regularly makes an assessment to determine whether a decline in value of an individual security is 

other-than-temporary. The Company considers the following factors when making its assessment: (i) the 
Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment to maturity, or a period of time sufficient to allow for a 
recovery in market value; (ii) whether it is probable that the Company will be able to collect the amounts 
contractually due; and (iii) whether any decision has been made to dispose of the investment prior to the balance 
sheet date. Investments on which there is an unrealized loss that is deemed to be other-than-temporary are written 
down to fair value with the loss recorded in earnings.

Consumer Loans Receivable. Consumer loans receivable consists of manufactured housing loans originated by 
CountryPlace (securitized, held for investment, or held for sale) and construction advances on mortgages. The fair 
value of consumer loans receivable held on the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date was calculated as of that date, as 
determined by the present value of expected future cash flows, with no allowance for loan loss recorded.

F-10

Loans held for investment consist of loan contracts collateralized by the borrowers’ homes and, in some 
instances, related land. Construction loans in progress are stated at the aggregate amount of cumulative funded 
advances. Loans held for sale consist of loan contracts collateralized by single-family residential mortgages. Loans 
held for sale are stated at the lower of cost or market on an aggregate basis. Loans held for sale are loans that, at the 
time of origination, are originated with the intent to resell in the mortgage market to investors, such as Fannie Mae 
and Freddie Mac, with which the Company has pre-existing purchase agreements, or to sell as part of a Ginnie Mae 
insured pool of loans.

Prior to being acquired by the Company, on July 12, 2005 and March 22, 2007, CountryPlace completed two 

securitizations of factory-built housing loan receivables. These two securitizations were accounted for as 
financings, which use the portfolio method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC 310, Receivables – 
Nonrefundable Fees and Other. The securitizations included provisions for removal of accounts, retention of certain 
credit loss risk by CountryPlace and other factors that preclude sale accounting of the securitizations under FASB 
ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing. Both securitizations were accounted for as securitized borrowings; therefore, the 
related consumer loans receivable and securitized financings were included in CountryPlace’s financial statements. 
Since the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date, the acquired consumer loans receivable and securitized financings are 
accounted for in a manner similar to FASB ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated 
Credit Quality ("ASC 310-30").

Allowance for Loan Losses. The primary portion of the allowance for loan losses reflects the Company’s 
judgment of the probable loss exposure on our commercial loans receivable as of the end of the reporting period. 
The allowance for loan loss is developed at a portfolio level. A range of probable losses is calculated and the 
Company makes a determination of the best estimate within the range of loan losses. The Company has historically 
been able to resell repossessed homes, thereby mitigating loss experience. If a default occurs and collateral is lost, 
the Company is exposed to loss of the full value of the home loan. If the Company determines that it is probable 
that a borrower will default, a specific reserve is determined and recorded within the estimated allowance for loan 
loss. The Company recorded an allowance for loan loss of $128,000 and $73,000 at April 2, 2016 and March 28, 
2015, respectively (see Note 6).

Another portion of the allowance for loan losses relates to consumer loans receivable originated by 
CountryPlace after the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date. This allowance for loan losses reflects CountryPlace’s 
judgment of the probable loss exposure on its loans originated since the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date in the held 
for investment portfolio as of the end of the reporting period.

CountryPlace accounts for the loans that were in existence at the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date in a manner 
similar to ASC 310-30. Management evaluated such loans as of the Palm Harbor Acquisition Date to determine 
whether there was evidence of deterioration of credit quality and if it was probable that CountryPlace would be 
unable to collect all amounts due according to the loans’ contractual terms.

Over the life of the loans, CountryPlace continues to estimate cash flows expected to be collected. 

CountryPlace evaluates at the balance sheet date whether the present value of its expected cash flows, determined 
using the effective interest rate, has decreased and, if so, recognizes an allowance for loan loss subsequent to the 
Palm Harbor Acquisition Date. The present value of any subsequent increase in the loan pool’s actual cash flows 
expected to be collected is used first to reverse any existing allowance for loan loss. Any remaining increase in cash 
flows expected to be collected adjusts the amount of accretable yield recognized on a prospective basis over the 
loan pool’s remaining life (see Note 5).

CountryPlace has modified payment amounts and/or interest rates for borrowers that, in management’s 
judgment, exhibited the willingness and ability to continue to pay and met certain other conditions. CountryPlace 
considers a modified loan a troubled debt restructuring when three conditions are met: (i) the borrower is 
experiencing financial difficulty, (ii) concessions are made by CountryPlace that it would not otherwise consider for 
a borrower with similar risk characteristics, and (iii) the loan was originated after the Palm Harbor Acquisition 
Date. CountryPlace no longer considers modified loans to be troubled debt restructurings once the modified loan is 
seasoned for six months, is not delinquent under the modified terms and is at a market rate of interest at the 
modification date.

F-11

Commercial Loans Receivable. The Company’s commercial loans receivable balance consists of amounts 

loaned by the Company under commercial loan programs for the benefit of our independent retailers and 
community operators’ home purchasing needs. Under the terms of certain programs, the Company has entered into 
direct commercial loan arrangements with independent retailers and community operators wherein the Company 
provides funds to purchase home inventory or homes for placement in communities. In addition, the Company 
provides a significant amount of the funds that independent financiers lend to distributors to finance retail 
inventories of homes. Interest income on commercial loans receivable is recognized as Other income in the 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income on an accrual basis.

Inventories. Raw material inventories are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. 

Finished goods and work-in-process inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, using the specific 
identification method.

Assets Held for Sale. As of April 2, 2016, the Company has no assets classified as held for sale. During the year 

ended March 28, 2015, the Company sold an inactive manufacturing facility in Albemarle, North Carolina for 
$900,000 and real estate in Lakeland, Florida for $415,000, that was previously listed as held for sale in the prior 
year. The net gain on these two sales was $87,000, which is recorded in Other income, net.

Property, Plant and Equipment. Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation is calculated 
using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of each asset. Estimated useful lives for significant 
classes of assets are as follows: buildings and improvements, 10 to 39 years; and machinery and equipment, 3 to 25 
years. Repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred. During the year ended March 28, 2015, the 
Company sold an inactive manufacturing facility in Woodland, California for $4.7 million and real estate in Chino 
Valley, Arizona for $238,000. The gain on these two sales was $1.3 million, which is recorded in Other income, net. 
The Company also sold miscellaneous property, plant and equipment in the normal course of business.

Asset Impairment. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and 
used and held for sale for impairment when events and circumstances warrant such a review. The carrying value of 
a long-lived asset is considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash flow from such asset is less than 
its carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the 
fair value of the long-lived asset. Fair value is determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows discounted at a 
rate commensurate with the risk involved. Losses on long-lived assets to be disposed of are determined in a similar 
manner, except that the fair values are primarily based on independent appraisals and preliminary or definitive 
contractual arrangements less costs to dispose. The Company recognized no impairment losses in fiscal years 2016 
and 2015 and $560,000 in fiscal year 2014.

Goodwill and Other Intangibles. The Company accounts for goodwill and other intangible assets in accordance 
with the provisions of FASB ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"). As such, the Company tests 
goodwill annually for impairment by reporting unit by first making a qualitative assessment, and if necessary, 
performing the two-step test and recording an impairment charge if the implied fair value of a reporting unit, 
including goodwill, is less than its carrying value. The Company has identified two reporting units, factory-built 
housing and financial services. As of April 2, 2016, all of the Company's goodwill is attributable to its factory-built 
housing reporting unit. Certain intangibles are considered indefinite-lived and others are finite-lived and are 
amortized over their useful lives. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are assessed annually for impairment first by 
making a qualitative assessment, and if necessary, performing a quantitative assessment and recording an 
impairment charge if the fair value of the asset is less than its carrying amount.

The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment analysis as of April 2, 2016. In accordance with 

Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2011-08, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing 
Goodwill for Impairment, the Company first assessed qualitative factors to determine that it was more likely than 
not that the fair value of a reporting unit is not less than its carrying amount. As a result, performing the two-step 
impairment test was determined to be unnecessary for fiscal years 2016 or 2015.

F-12

Warranties. The Company provides retail home buyers, builders or developers with a one-year warranty for 
manufacturing defects from the date of sale to the retail customer. Nonstructural components of a cosmetic nature 
are warranted for 120 days, except in specific cases where state laws require longer warranty terms. Estimated 
warranty costs are accrued as cost of sales at the time of sale. The warranty provision and reserves are based on 
estimates of the amounts necessary to settle existing and future claims on homes sold as of the balance sheet date. 
Factors used to calculate the warranty obligation are the estimated amount of homes still under warranty including 
homes in retailer inventories, homes purchased by consumers still within the one-year warranty period, the timing 
in which work orders are completed and the historical average costs incurred to service a home.

Retailer Volume Rebates. The Company’s manufacturing operations sponsor volume rebate programs under 
which certain sales to retailers, builders and developers can qualify for cash rebates generally based on the level of 
sales attained during a twelve-month period. Volume rebates are accrued at the time of sale and are recorded as a 
reduction of net revenue.

Reserve for Repurchase Commitment. The Company is contingently liable under terms of repurchase 

agreements with financial institutions providing inventory financing for retailers of its products. These 
arrangements, which are customary in the industry, provide for the repurchase of products sold to retailers in the 
event of default by the retailer. The risk of loss under these agreements is spread over numerous retailers. The price 
the Company is obligated to pay generally declines over the period of the agreement (generally 18 to 36 months) 
and is further reduced by the resale value of repurchased homes. The Company applies FASB ASC 460, Guarantees 
("ASC 460") and FASB ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies ("ASC 450-20"), to account for its liability for repurchase 
commitments. Under the provisions of ASC 460, during the period in which a home is sold (inception of a 
repurchase commitment), the Company records the greater of the estimated fair value of the non-contingent 
obligation or a contingent liability for each repurchase arrangement under the provisions of ASC 450-20, based on 
historical information available, as a reduction to revenue. Additionally, subsequent to the inception of the 
repurchase commitment, the Company evaluates the likelihood that it will be called on to perform under the 
inventory repurchase commitments. If it becomes probable that a retailer will default and an ASC 450-20 loss 
reserve should be recorded, then such contingent liability is recorded equal to the estimated loss on repurchase. 
Following the inception of the commitment, the recorded reserve is reduced over the repurchase period in 
conjunction with applicable curtailment arrangements and is eliminated once the retailer sells the home. Changes in 
the reserve are recorded as an adjustment to revenue.

Reserve for Property-Liability Insurance Claims and Claims Expense. Standard Casualty establishes reserves 

for claims and claims expense ("loss") on reported and unreported claims of insured losses. Standard Casualty’s 
reserving process takes into account known facts and interpretations of circumstances and factors, including 
Standard’s experience with similar cases, actual claims paid, historical trends involving claim payment patterns and 
pending levels of unpaid claims, loss management programs, product mix, contractual terms, changes in law and 
regulation, judicial decisions and economic conditions. In the normal course of business, Standard Casualty may 
also supplement its claims processes by utilizing third party adjusters, appraisers, engineers, inspectors and other 
professionals and information sources to assess and settle catastrophe and non-catastrophe related claims. The 
effects of inflation are implicitly considered in the reserving process. The applicable reserve balance was $6.0 
million as of April 2, 2016, of which $663,000 related to incurred but not reported ("IBNR") losses.

Insurance. The Company is self-insured for a significant portion of its general and products liability, auto 
liability, health, property and workers’ compensation liability coverage. Insurance is maintained for catastrophic 
exposures and those risks required to be insured by law. Estimated self-insurance costs are accrued for incurred 
claims and estimated IBNR claims. For product liability and workers' compensation liability in particular, the 
Company has purchased stop-loss insurance, which will reimburse the Company for claims exceeding $250,000 per 
occurrence. A reserve for products liability is actuarially determined and reflected in accrued liabilities in the 
accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The determination of claims and expenses and the appropriateness of 
the related liabilities are regularly reviewed and updated.

F-13

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest. Historically, the Company's subsidiary, Fleetwood Homes, Inc. 

("Fleetwood"), was jointly owned by the Company and its investment partners, Third Avenue Value Fund and an 
affiliate (collectively, "Third Avenue"). Third Avenue's financial interest in Fleetwood was reported as a 
"redeemable noncontrolling interest" in the Consolidated Financial Statements (see Note 20).

On July 22, 2013, Cavco purchased from Third Avenue all noncontrolling interests in Fleetwood, which owns 
Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, CountryPlace and Standard Casualty (the "Fleetwood Businesses"). The 
Company satisfied the purchase price with 1,867,370 shares of Company common stock issued to Third Avenue. 
The acquisition closed on July 22, 2013, resulting in Cavco owning 100 percent of the Fleetwood Businesses and 
entitling Cavco to all of the associated earnings from that date forward.

As of April 2, 2016, Third Avenue and its related funds owned approximately 8.2% of our outstanding common 

shares. Third Avenue and Third Avenue Management LLC are either directly or indirectly under common control. 
Third Avenue is considered a principal owner, and therefore a related party, under ASC 850, Related Party 
Disclosures ("ASC 850") (see Note 21).

Advertising. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and were $0.7 million in fiscal year 2016 and $1.5 

million in each of the fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

Freight. Substantially all freight costs are recovered from the Company’s retailers. Freight charges of $22.3 
million were recognized in net revenue and cost of sales in fiscal year 2016 and $17.6 million was recognized for 
each of fiscal years and 2015 and 2014.

Income Taxes. The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes ("ASC 
740"), and provides for income taxes utilizing the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred taxes 
represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are 
recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes generally represents income taxes paid or payable for the current 
year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the financial 
and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when 
changes are enacted.

The calculation of tax liabilities involves considering uncertainties in the application of complex tax 

regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on the Company’s estimate of 
whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be 
unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when the 
liabilities are no longer determined to be necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the 
ultimate assessment, a further charge to expense would result. The Company uses a two-step approach to evaluate 
uncertain tax positions. This approach involves recognizing any tax positions that are more likely than not to occur 
and then measuring those positions to determine the amounts to be recognized in the Consolidated Financial 
Statements.

Other Income, net. Other income, net totaled $2.0 million, $3.4 million and $1.1 million for fiscal years 2016, 

2015 and 2014, respectively. Other income primarily consists interest related to commercial loan receivable 
balances and interest income earned on cash balances and gains and losses or impairment on property, plant and 
equipment, including assets held for sale or sold.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. Accumulated other comprehensive income is comprised of 
unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments (see Note 3). Unrealized gains and losses are 
presented net of tax. Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments during fiscal year 2016 was $1.3 million 
before tax, with an associated tax amount of $539,000, resulting in a net unrealized gain of $785,000. Unrealized 
gain on available-for-sale investments during fiscal year 2015 was $106,000, offset by tax effect of $38,000, for a 
net unrealized gain of $68,000. Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments during fiscal year 2014 was 
$126,000 before tax, with an associated tax amount of $44,000, resulting in a net unrealized gain of $82,000.

F-14

Net Income Per Share Attributable to Cavco Common Stockholders. Basic earnings per common share 

attributable to Cavco common stockholders is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares 
outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Cavco common 
stockholders is computed based on the combination of dilutive common share equivalents, comprised of shares 
issuable under the Company’s stock-based compensation plans and the weighted-average number of common 
shares outstanding during the reporting period. Dilutive common share equivalents include the dilutive effect of in-
the-money options to purchase shares, which is calculated based on the average share price for each period using 
the treasury stock method (see Note 17).

Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In September 2013, the United States Treasury and the Internal Revenue 

Service issued final regulations regarding the deduction and capitalization of expenditures related to tangible 
property. The final regulations under Internal Revenue Code Sections 162, 167 and 263(a) apply to amounts paid to 
acquire, produce, or improve tangible property as well as dispositions of such property and are generally effective 
for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2014. These regulations have not had a material impact on our 
consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) ("ASU 
2014-09"), which outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from 
contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific 
guidance. The standard requires entities to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to 
customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for 
those goods or services. The new guidance also includes a cohesive set of disclosure requirements intended to 
provide users of financial statements with comprehensive information about the nature, amount, timing, and 
uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from a company’s contracts with customers. In August 2015, the 
FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, 
which deferred the effective date of the new revenue standard. Accordingly, the updated standard is effective for us 
beginning with the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year 2019, with early application permitted in fiscal year 
2018. The standard allows for either "full retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all of the 
periods presented, or "modified retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current 
period presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2014-09 will have 
on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of 

Deferred Taxes ("ASU 2015-17"). ASU 2015-17 will be effective beginning with the Company's fiscal year 2019 
annual report and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted. In this update, entities are required to 
present all deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent on the balance sheet instead of separating deferred taxes 
into current and noncurrent amounts. The standard can be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities 
and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. As this standard impacts presentation only, the adoption of 
ASU 2015-17 is not expected to have an impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash 
flows.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and 

Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01"). ASU 2016-01 will be effective 
beginning with the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year 2019. The amendments require certain equity 
investments to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income. The 
Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2016-01 will have on the Company's Consolidated Financial 
Statements and disclosures.

F-15

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 will be 

effective beginning with the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted. The 
amendments require the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for most leases, but 
recognize expenses in the income statement in a manner similar to current accounting treatment. In addition, 
disclosures of key information about leasing arrangements are required. Upon adoption, leases will be recognized 
and measured at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The 
Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2016-02 will have on the Company's Consolidated Financial 
Statements and disclosures.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation- Stock Compensation (Topic 718) ("ASU 
2016-09"). ASU 2016-09 will be effective beginning with the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year 2018, with 
early adoption permitted. The amendment simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment 
transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and 
classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2016-09 will 
have on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB and other regulatory bodies that 
are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective dates. Unless otherwise discussed, management believes 
that the impact of recently issued standards, which are not yet effective, will not have a material impact on the 
Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.

2. Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of the following (in thousands):

Cash related to CountryPlace customer payments to be remitted to third parties $
Cash related to CountryPlace customers payments on securitized loans to be

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

8,419 $

8,471

remitted to bondholders

Cash related to workers’ compensation insurance held in trust
Other restricted cash

1,747
728
406
11,300 $

1,425
727
455
11,078

$

Corresponding amounts are recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities for customer payments, 

deposits and other restricted cash.

3. Investments

Investments consist of the following (in thousands):

Available-for-sale investment securities
Non-marketable equity investments

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

24,247 $
14,841
39,088 $

21,283
10,636
31,919

Non-marketable equity investments includes $15.0 million and $10.0 million, as of April 2, 2016 and March 

28, 2015, respectively, of contributions to equity-method investments in community-based initiatives that buy and 
sell our homes and provide home-only financing to residents of certain manufactured home communities.

F-16

 
The following tables summarize the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities, gross unrealized 

gains and losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category (in thousands):

U.S. Treasury and government debt

securities

Residential mortgage-backed securities
State and political subdivision debt

securities

Corporate debt securities
Marketable equity securities
Certificates of deposit

U.S. Treasury and government debt

securities

Residential mortgage-backed securities
State and political subdivision debt

securities

Corporate debt securities
Marketable equity securities
Certificates of deposit

April 2, 2016

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Amortized
Cost

1,002 $
5,866

7,231
1,166
5,882
1,000
22,147 $

— $
13

239
4
2,374
—
2,630 $

(3) $

(60)

(49)
(6)
(412)
—
(530) $

999
5,819

7,421
1,164
7,844
1,000
24,247

March 28, 2015

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Amortized
Cost

1,952 $
4,342

7,190
1,060
4,962
1,000
20,506 $

1 $
23

245
2
642
—
913 $

(5) $

(27)

(12)
(4)
(88)
—
(136) $

1,948
4,338

7,423
1,058
5,516
1,000
21,283

$

$

$

$

F-17

 
 
The following tables show the gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and 

length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):

U.S. Treasury and government

debt securities

Residential mortgage-backed

securities

State and political subdivision

debt securities
Corporate debt securities
Marketable equity securities

U.S. Treasury and government

debt securities

Residential mortgage-backed

securities

State and political subdivision

debt securities
Corporate debt securities
Marketable equity securities

Less than 12 Months

April 2, 2016
12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

$

— $

— $

699 $

(3) $

699 $

3,436

(27)

898

(33)

4,334

1,865
763
1,780
7,844 $

$

(29)
(6)
(324)
(386) $

1,257
—
152
3,006 $

(20)
—
(88)
(144) $

3,122
763
1,932
10,850 $

(3)

(60)

(49)
(6)
(412)
(530)

Less than 12 Months

March 28, 2015
12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Losses

$

499 $

— $

698 $

(5) $

1,197 $

438

(2)

330

(25)

768

1,099
247
1,067
3,350 $

$

(6)
(4)
(85)
(97) $

256
—
100
1,384 $

(6)
—
(3)
(39) $

1,355
247
1,167
4,734 $

(5)

(27)

(12)
(4)
(88)
(136)

Based on the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investments for a reasonable period of time sufficient 

for a forecasted recovery of fair value, the Company does not consider any investments to be other-than-
temporarily impaired at April 2, 2016.

As of April 2, 2016, the Company’s investments in marketable equity securities consist of investments in 
common stock of industrial and other companies ($7.7 million of the total fair value and $409,000 of the total 
unrealized losses) and bank trust, insurance, and public utility companies ($100,000 of the total fair value and 
$3,000 of the total unrealized losses).

As of March 28, 2015, the Company’s investments in marketable equity securities consisted of investments in 

common stock of industrial and other companies ($5.4 million of the total fair value and $85,000 of the total 
unrealized losses) and bank trust, insurance, and public utility companies ($100,000 of the total fair value and 
$3,000 of the total unrealized losses).

F-18

 
 
The amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s investments in debt securities, by contractual maturity, 
are shown in the table below (in thousands). Expected maturities differ from contractual maturities as borrowers 
may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Due in less than one year
Due after one year through five years
Due after five years through ten years
Due after ten years

April 2, 2016

Amortized
Cost

Fair
Value

$

$

1,306 $
2,809
3,724
7,426
15,265 $

1,296
2,825
3,680
7,602
15,403

Realized gains and losses from the sale of securities are determined using the specific identification method. 

Gross gains realized on the sales of investment securities for fiscal years 2016 and 2015 were approximately 
$431,000 and $871,000, respectively. Gross losses realized were approximately $385,000 and $254,000 for fiscal 
years 2016 and 2015, respectively.

4. Inventories

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

Raw materials
Work in process
Finished goods and other

5. Consumer Loans Receivable

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

28,764 $
10,755
55,294
94,813 $

24,373
7,271
43,690
75,334

The Company acquired consumer loans receivable during the first quarter of fiscal year 2012 as part of the 
Palm Harbor transaction. Acquired consumer loans receivable held for investment were acquired at fair value and 
subsequently are accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30. Consumer loans receivable held for sale are carried 
at the lower of cost or market and construction advances are carried at the amount advanced less a valuation 
allowance. The following table summarizes consumer loans receivable (in thousands):

Loans held for investment (acquired on Palm Harbor Acquisition Date)
Loans held for investment (originated after Palm Harbor Acquisition Date)
Loans held for sale
Construction advances
Consumer loans receivable
Deferred financing fees and other, net
Consumer loans receivable, net

$

$

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

68,951 $
6,120
8,765
6,566
90,402
(844)
89,558 $

77,670
5,005
11,903
4,076
98,654
(496)
98,158

F-19

 
 
 
As of the date of the Palm Harbor acquisition, management evaluated consumer loans receivable held for 
investment by CountryPlace to determine whether there was evidence of deterioration of credit quality and if it was 
probable that CountryPlace would be unable to collect all amounts due according to the loans' contractual terms. 
The Company also considered expected prepayments and estimated the amount and timing of undiscounted 
expected principal, interest and other cash flows. The Company determined the excess of the loan pool’s scheduled 
contractual principal and contractual interest payments over all cash flows expected as of the date of the Palm 
Harbor transaction as an amount that cannot be accreted into interest income (the non-accretable difference). The 
cash flow expected to be collected in excess of the carrying value of the acquired loans is accreted into interest 
income over the remaining life of the loans (referred to as accretable yield). Interest income on consumer loans 
receivable is recognized as net revenue.

Consumer loans receivable held for investment – contractual amount
Purchase discount:
Accretable
Non-accretable difference

Less consumer loans receivable reclassified as other assets
Total acquired consumer loans receivable held for investment, net

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

(in thousands)

$

166,793 $

192,523

(69,053)
(28,536)
(253)
68,951 $

(73,202)
(41,305)
(346)
77,670

$

Over the life of the acquired loans, the Company continues to estimate cash flows expected to be collected by 

CountryPlace. As of the balance sheet date, the Company evaluates whether the present value of expected cash 
flows, determined using the effective interest rate, has decreased from the value at acquisition and, if so, recognizes 
an allowance for loan loss. The present value of any subsequent increase in the loan pool’s actual cash flows 
expected to be collected is used first to reverse any existing allowance for loan loss. Any remaining increase in cash 
flows expected to be collected adjusts the amount of accretable yield recognized on a prospective basis over the 
loan pool’s remaining life. The weighted averages of assumptions used in the calculation of expected cash flows to 
be collected are as follows:

Prepayment rate
Default rate

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

13.0%
1.0%

12.6%
1.7%

Assuming there was a 1% unfavorable variation from the expected level, for each key assumption, the expected 

cash flows, as of April 2, 2016, would decrease by approximately $2.4 million and $6.0 million for the expected 
prepayment rate and expected default rate, respectively.

The changes in accretable yield on acquired consumer loans receivable held for investment were as follows (in 

thousands):

Balance at the beginning of the period
Additions
Accretion
Reclassifications from (to) nonaccretable discount
Balance at the end of the period

F-20

Year Ended

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

73,202 $
—
(10,720)
6,571
69,053 $

77,737
—
(11,230)
6,695
73,202

 
 
 
The consumer loans held for investment have the following characteristics:

Weighted average contractual interest rate
Weighted average effective interest rate
Weighted average months to maturity

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

9.05%
9.39%
170

9.10%
9.27%
178

The Company's consumer loans receivable balance consists of fixed-rate, fixed-term and fully-amortizing 
single-family home loans. These loans are either secured by a manufactured home, excluding the land upon which 
the home is located (chattel property loans and retail installment sale contracts), or by a combination of the home 
and the land upon which the home is located (real property mortgage loans). The real property mortgage loans are 
primarily for manufactured homes. Combined land and home loans are further disaggregated by the type of loan 
documentation: those conforming to the requirements of Government-Sponsored Enterprises ("GSEs"), and those 
that are non-conforming. In most instances, CountryPlace’s loans are secured by a first-lien position and are 
provided for the consumer purchase of a home. In rare instances, CountryPlace may provide other types of loans in 
second-lien or unsecured positions. Accordingly, CountryPlace classifies its loans receivable as follows: chattel 
loans, conforming mortgages, non-conforming mortgages and other loans.

In measuring credit quality within each segment and class, CountryPlace uses commercially available credit 
scores (such as FICO®). At the time of each loan’s origination, CountryPlace obtains credit scores from each of the 
three primary credit bureaus, if available. To evaluate credit quality of individual loans, CountryPlace uses the mid-
point of the available credit scores or, if only two scores are available, the Company uses the lower of the two. 
CountryPlace does not update credit bureau scores after the time of origination.

F-21

The following table disaggregates CountryPlace’s gross consumer loans receivable for each class by portfolio 

segment and credit quality indicator as of the time of origination (in thousands):

Consumer Loans Held for Investment

April 2, 2016

Securitized
2005

Securitized
2007

Unsecuritized

Construction
Advances

Consumer 
Loans Held
For Sale

Total

Asset Class

Credit Quality Indicator (FICO® score)

$

776 $

543 $

336 $

Conforming mortgages

0-619
620-719
720+
Subtotal

Non-conforming mortgages

Chattel loans
0-619
620-719
720+
Other
Subtotal

0-619
620-719
720+
Other
Subtotal
Other loans
Subtotal

13,139
14,751
55
28,721

—
—
—
—

88
1,365
1,684
—
3,137

9,100
9,409
—
19,052

—
—
—
—

585
5,290
3,382
—
9,257

3,683
2,324
447
6,790

164
1,428
320
1,912

1,392
3,664
826
307
6,189

— $
—
—
—
—

— $
96
215
—
311

95
3,355
3,116
6,566

—
—
—
—
—

171
5,847
2,436
8,454

—
—
—
—
—

1,655
26,018
26,699
502
54,874

430
10,630
5,872
16,932

2,065
10,319
5,892
307
18,583

13
90,402

—
31,858 $

—
28,309 $

13
14,904 $

$

—
6,566 $

—
8,765 $

F-22

 
 
 
Consumer Loans Held for Investment

March 28, 2015

Securitized
2005

Securitized
2007

Unsecuritized

Construction
Advances

Consumer 
Loans Held
For Sale

Total

Asset Class

Credit Quality Indicator (FICO® score)

$

937 $

594 $

385 $

Chattel loans
0-619
620-719
720+
Other
Subtotal

Conforming mortgages

0-619
620-719
720+
Other
Subtotal

Non-conforming mortgages

0-619
620-719
720+
Other
Subtotal
Other loans
Subtotal

14,907
16,889
65
32,798

—
—
—
—
—

91
1,467
1,793
—
3,351

10,266
10,845
—
21,705

—
—
—
—
—

674
5,736
3,717
—
10,127

3,202
2,252
349
6,188

167
1,505
10
—
1,682

1,571
3,952
965
321
6,809

— $
—
—
—
—

58 $
—
—
—
58

18
2,909
1,149
—
4,076

—
—
—
—
—

345
6,412
2,501
2,587
11,845

—
—
—
—
—

1,974
28,375
29,986
414
60,749

530
10,826
3,660
2,587
17,603

2,336
11,155
6,475
321
20,287

15
98,654

—
36,149 $

—
31,832 $

15
14,694 $

$

—
4,076 $

—
11,903 $

Loan contracts secured by collateral that is geographically concentrated could experience higher rates of 
delinquencies, default and foreclosure losses than loan contracts secured by collateral that is more geographically 
dispersed. Thirty-nine percent of the outstanding principal balance of consumer loans receivable portfolio is 
concentrated in Texas, and 10% is concentrated in Florida. No other state had concentrations in excess of 10% of 
the principal balance of the consumer loan receivable as of April 2, 2016.

Collateral for repossessed loans is acquired through foreclosure or similar proceedings and is recorded at the 
estimated fair value of the home, less the costs to sell. At repossession, the fair value of the collateral is computed 
based on the historical recovery rates of previously charged-off loans; the loan is charged off and the loss is charged 
to the allowance for loan losses. On a monthly basis, the fair value of the collateral is adjusted to the lower of the 
amount recorded at repossession or the estimated sales price less estimated costs to sell, based on current 
information. Repossessed homes totaled approximately $707,000 and $582,000 as of April 2, 2016 and March 28, 
2015, respectively, and are included in prepaid and other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. Foreclosure or 
similar proceedings in progress totaled approximately $340,000 and $650,000 as of April 2, 2016 and March 28, 
2015, respectively.

F-23

 
 
 
6. Commercial Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Loss

The Company’s commercial loans receivable balance consists of two classes: (i) direct financing arrangements 

for the home product needs of our independent retailers, communities and developers; and (ii) amounts loaned by 
the Company under participation financing programs.

Under the terms of the direct programs, the Company provides funds for the independent retailers, communities 

and developers’ financed home purchases. The notes are secured by the home as collateral and, in some instances, 
other security depending on the circumstances. The other terms of direct arrangements vary depending on the needs 
of the borrower and the opportunity for the Company.

Under the terms of the participation programs, the Company provides loans to independent floor plan lenders, 
representing a significant portion of the funds that such financiers then lend to retailers to finance their inventory 
purchases. The participation commercial loan receivables are unsecured general obligations of the independent floor 
plan lenders.

Commercial loans receivable, net, consist of the following by class of financing notes receivable (in thousands):

Direct loans receivable
Participation loans receivable
Allowance for loan loss

The commercial loans receivable balance has the following characteristics:

Weighted average contractual interest rate
Weighted average months to maturity

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

24,392 $
1,278
(128)
25,542 $

15,802
2,352
(73)
18,081

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

6.9%
9

6.5%
6

The Company evaluates the potential for loss from its participation loan programs based on the independent 
lender’s overall financial stability, as well as historical experience, and has determined that an applicable allowance 
for loan loss was not needed at either April 2, 2016 or March 28, 2015.

With respect to direct programs with communities and developers, borrower activity is monitored on a regular 

basis and contractual arrangements are in place to provide adequate loss mitigation in the event of a default. For 
direct programs with independent retailers, the risk of loss is spread over numerous borrowers. Borrower activity is 
monitored in conjunction with third-party service providers, where applicable, to estimate the potential for loss on 
the related loans receivable, considering potential exposures including repossession costs, remarketing expenses, 
impairment of value and the risk of collateral loss. The Company has historically been able to resell repossessed 
unused homes, thereby mitigating loss experience. If a default occurs and collateral is lost, the Company is exposed 
to loss of the full value of the home loan. If the Company determines that it is probable that a borrower will default, 
a specific reserve is determined and recorded within the estimated allowance for loan loss. The Company recorded 
an allowance for loan loss of $128,000 and $73,000 at April 2, 2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively. 

F-24

 
The following table represents changes in the estimated allowance for loan losses, including related additions 

and deductions to the allowance for loan loss applicable to the direct programs (in thousands):

Balance at beginning of period
Provision for commercial loan credit losses
Loans charged off, net of recoveries
Balance at end of period

Year Ended

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

73 $
55
—
128 $

139
(83)
17
73

The following table disaggregates commercial loans receivable and the estimated allowance for loan loss for 

each class of financing receivable by evaluation methodology (in thousands):

Commercial loans receivable:
Collectively evaluated for impairment
Individually evaluated for impairment

Allowance for loan loss:
Collectively evaluated for impairment
Individually evaluated for impairment

Direct Commercial Loans
March 28,
April 2,
2015
2016

Participation Commercial Loans

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

$

$

12,761 $
11,631
24,392 $

(128) $
—
(128) $

7,229 $
8,573
15,802 $

(73) $
—
(73) $

— $

1,278
1,278 $

— $
—
— $

—
2,352
2,352

—
—
—

Loans are subject to regular review and are given management’s attention whenever a problem situation appears 

to be developing. Loans with indicators of potential performance problems are placed on watch list status and are 
subject to additional monitoring and scrutiny. Nonperforming status includes loans accounted for on a non-accrual 
basis and accruing loans with principal payments past due 90 days or more. The Company’s policy is to place loans 
on nonaccrual status when interest is past due and remains unpaid 90 days or more or when there is a clear 
indication that the borrower has the inability or unwillingness to meet payments as they become due. The Company 
will resume accrual of interest once these factors have been remedied. At April 2, 2016, there are no commercial 
loans that are 90 days or more past due that are still accruing interest. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are 
recorded on a cash basis, first to interest and then to principal. At April 2, 2016, the Company was not aware of any 
potential problem loans that would have a material effect on the commercial receivables balance. Charge-offs occur 
when it becomes probable that outstanding amounts will not be recovered. 

The following table disaggregates the Company’s commercial loans receivable by class and credit quality 

indicator (in thousands):

Risk profile based on payment activity:
Performing
Watch list
Nonperforming

Direct Commercial Loans
March 28,
April 2,
2015
2016

Participation Commercial Loans

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

24,392 $
—
—
24,392 $

15,728 $
—
74
15,802 $

1,278 $
—
—
1,278 $

2,352
—
—
2,352

F-25

 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company has concentrations of commercial loans receivable related to factory-built homes located in the 

following states, measured as a percentage of commercial loans receivables principal balance outstanding:

Texas
Arizona

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

33.2%
13.3%

42.4%
10.4%

The risks created by these concentrations have been considered in the determination of the adequacy of the 
allowance for loan losses. The Company did not have concentrations in excess of 10% of the principal balance of 
commercial loans receivable in any other states as of April 2, 2016 or March 28, 2015, respectively. 

The Company had concentrations of commercial loans receivable with one independent third-party and its 
affiliates that equaled 32% and 36% of the principal balance outstanding, all of which was secured, as of April 2, 
2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively. 

7. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over 

the estimated useful lives of each asset. Estimated useful lives for significant classes of assets are as follows: (i) 
buildings and improvements, 10 to 39 years and (ii) machinery and equipment, 3 to 25 years. Repairs and 
maintenance charges are expensed as incurred. Property, plant and equipment consist of the following (in 
thousands):

Property, plant and equipment, at cost:

Land
Buildings and improvements
Machinery and equipment

Accumulated depreciation
Property, plant and equipment, net

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

22,719 $
32,230
19,533
74,482
(19,410)
55,072 $

21,197
24,288
16,772
62,257
(17,545)
44,712

Included in the amounts above are certain assets under a capital lease. See Note 8 for additional information.

8. Capital Leases

On May 1, 2015, in connection with the purchase of Fairmont Homes, the Company entered into a five-year 
lease covering the manufacturing facilities and land in Montevideo, Minnesota, which is accounted for as a capital 
lease. At the end of the lease term, the landlord has the option to require the Company to purchase the leased 
premises at a specified price. If the landlord does not exercise this option, the Company may purchase the facilities 
at the termination of the lease for that price. The following amounts were recorded for the leased assets as of 
April 2, 2016 (in thousands):

Land
Buildings and improvements

Accumulated amortization
Leased assets, net

F-26

April 2,
2016

240
2,960
3,200
(90)
3,110

$

$

 
 
The minimum payments in future fiscal years under the lease as of April 2, 2016 are as follows (in thousands):

2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Total remaining lease payments
Less: Amount representing interest
Present value of future minimum lease payments

9. Goodwill and Other Intangibles

289
277
265
253
1,721
2,805
(418)
2,387

$

Intangible assets principally consist of goodwill, trademarks and trade names, state insurance licenses, customer 

relationships, and other, which includes technology, insurance policies and renewal rights and other. Goodwill, 
trademarks and trade names and state insurance licenses are indefinite-lived intangible assets and are evaluated for 
impairment annually and whenever events or circumstances indicate that more likely than not impairment has 
occurred. During fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, no impairments were recorded. Finite-lived intangibles are 
amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis and are reviewed for possible impairment 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The value of 
customer relationships is amortized over 4 to 15 years and other intangibles over 7 to 15 years.

Goodwill and other intangibles consist of the following (in thousands):

Gross
Carrying
Amount

April 2, 2016

Accumulated
Amortization

March 28, 2015

Net
Carrying
Amount

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net
Carrying
Amount

$

69,753 $

— $

69,753 $

67,346 $

— $

67,346

7,000

1,100

77,853

7,100
1,384

—

—

—

7,000

1,100

6,250

1,100

77,853

74,696

—

—

—

(5,329)
(619)

1,771
765

6,200
1,274

(5,027)
(467)

6,250

1,100

74,696

1,173
807

$

86,337 $

(5,948) $

80,389 $

82,170 $

(5,494) $

76,676

Indefinite lived:
Goodwill
Trademarks and trade

names

State insurance

licenses

Total indefinite-lived
intangible assets

Finite lived:

Customer relationships
Other
Total goodwill and
other intangible
assets

Amortization expense recognized on intangible assets was $454,000 during fiscal year 2016 and $1.4 million 

during each of fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

F-27

 
Expected amortization for future fiscal years is as follows (in thousands):

2017
2018
2019
2020
2021

10. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

Salaries, wages and benefits
Unearned insurance premiums
Customer deposits
Estimated warranties
Insurance loss reserves
Accrued volume rebates
Accrued insurance
Company repurchase options on certain loans sold
Deferred margin
Capital Lease Obligation
Reserve for repurchase commitments
Accrued Taxes
Other

11. Warranties

$

368
368
324
320
318

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

20,675 $
15,528
14,039
13,371
5,990
4,647
3,969
3,497
2,823
2,387
1,660
1,282
10,446
100,314 $

16,186
13,556
13,435
9,953
1,774
3,266
3,068
2,063
2,398
—
2,240
1,089
8,048
77,076

Homes are generally warranted against manufacturing defects for a period of one year commencing at the time 

of sale to the retail customer. Estimated costs relating to home warranties are provided at the date of sale. The 
Company has recorded a liability for estimated future warranty costs relating to homes sold based upon 
management’s assessment of historical experience factors, an estimate of the amount of homes in the distribution 
channel and current industry trends. Activity in the liability for estimated warranties was as follows (in thousands):

Balance at beginning of period
Purchase accounting additions
Charged to costs and expenses
Payments and deductions
Balance at end of period

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

March 29,
2014

$

$

9,953 $
1,111
21,133
(18,826)
13,371 $

9,262 $
—
13,083
(12,392)

9,953 $

8,202
—
11,681
(10,621)
9,262

F-28

 
 
12. Debt Obligations

Debt obligations consist of amounts related to loans sold that did not qualify for loan sale accounting treatment. 

The following table summarizes debt obligations (in thousands):

Acquired securitized financings (acquired as part of the Palm Harbor

transaction)

Securitized financing 2005-1
Securitized financing 2007-1

Other secured financings
Total securitized financings and other, net

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

27,481 $
28,859
4,831
61,171 $

29,469
33,461
4,030
66,960

The Company acquired CountryPlace's securitized financings during the first quarter of fiscal year 2012 as a 

part of the Palm Harbor acquisition. Acquired securitized financings were recorded at fair value at the time of 
acquisition, which resulted in a discount, and subsequently are accounted for in a manner similar to ASC 310-30 to 
accrete the discount.

The Company considers expected prepayments and estimates the amount and timing of undiscounted expected 
principal, interest and other cash flows for securitized consumer loans receivable held for investment to determine 
the expected cash flows on securitized financings and the contractual payments. The amount of contractual 
principal and contractual interest payments due on the securitized financings in excess of all cash flows expected as 
of the date of the Palm Harbor acquisition cannot be accreted into interest expense (the non-accretable difference). 
The remaining amount is accreted into interest expense over the remaining life of the obligation (referred to as 
accretable yield). The following table summarizes acquired securitized financings (in thousands):

Securitized financings – contractual amount
Purchase Discount
Accretable
Non-accretable (1)

Total acquired securitized financings, net

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

68,673 $

75,058

(12,333)
—
56,340 $

(12,128)
—
62,930

$

$

(1) There is no non-accretable difference, as the contractual payments on acquired securitized financing are 
determined by the cash collections from the underlying loans.

Over the life of the loans, the Company continues to estimate cash flows expected to be paid on securitized 
financings. The Company evaluates at the balance sheet date whether the present value of its securitized financings, 
determined using the effective interest rate, has increased or decreased. The present value of any subsequent change 
in cash flows expected to be paid adjusts the amount of accretable yield recognized on a prospective basis over the 
securitized financing’s remaining life.

F-29

The changes in accretable yield on securitized financings were as follows (in thousands): 

Balance at the beginning of the period
Additions
Accretion
Adjustment to cash flows
Balance at the end of the period

Year Ended

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

12,128 $
—
(3,579)
3,784
12,333 $

15,199
—
(4,025)
954
12,128

On July 12, 2005, prior to Fleetwood's acquisition of Palm Harbor and CountryPlace, CountryPlace completed 

its initial securitization (2005-1) for approximately $141.0 million of loans, which was funded by issuing bonds 
totaling approximately $118.4 million. The bonds were issued in four different classes: Class A-1 totaling $36.3 
million with a coupon rate of 4.23%; Class A-2 totaling $27.4 million with a coupon rate of 4.42%; Class A-3 
totaling $27.3 million with a coupon rate of 4.80%; and Class A-4 totaling $27.4 million with a coupon rate of 
5.20%. The bonds mature at varying dates and at issuance had an expected weighted average maturity of 4.66 years. 
For accounting purposes, this transaction was structured as a securitized borrowing. As of April 2, 2016, the 
Class A-1 and Class A-2 bonds have been retired.

On March 22, 2007, prior to Fleetwood's acquisition of Palm Harbor and CountryPlace, CountryPlace 
completed its second securitization (2007-1) for approximately $116.5 million of loans, which was funded by 
issuing bonds totaling approximately $101.9 million. The bonds were issued in four classes: Class A-1 totaling 
$28.9 million with a coupon rate of 5.484%; Class A-2 totaling $23.4 million with a coupon rate of 5.232%; 
Class A-3 totaling $24.5 million with a coupon rate of 5.593%; and Class A-4 totaling $25.1 million with a coupon 
rate of 5.846%. The bonds mature at varying dates and at issuance had an expected weighted average maturity of 
4.86 years. For accounting purposes, this transaction was also structured as a securitized borrowing. As of April 2, 
2016, the Class A-1 and Class A-2 bonds have been retired.

CountryPlace’s securitized debt is subject to provisions that require certain levels of overcollateralization. 
Overcollateralization is equal to CountryPlace's equity in the bonds. Failure to satisfy these provisions could cause 
cash, which would normally be distributed to CountryPlace, to be used for repayment of the principal of the related 
Class A bonds until the required overcollateralization level is reached. During periods when the 
overcollateralization is below the specified level, cash collections from the securitized loans in excess of servicing 
fees payable to CountryPlace and amounts owed to the Class A bondholders, trustee and surety, are applied to 
reduce the Class A debt until such time the overcollateralization level reaches the specified level. Therefore, failure 
to meet the overcollateralization requirement could adversely affect the timing of cash flows received by 
CountryPlace. However, principal payments of the securitized debt, including accelerated amounts, is payable only 
from cash collections from the securitized loans and no additional sources of repayment are required or permitted. 
As of April 2, 2016, the 2005-1 and 2007-1 securitized portfolios were within the required overcollateralization 
level.

Scheduled maturities for future fiscal years of the Company’s debt obligations consist of the following (in 

thousands):

2017
2018
2019
2020
2021

$

6,266
5,225
4,687
22,927
22,080

Actual payments may vary from those above, resulting from prepayments or defaults on the underlying 

mortgage portfolio.

F-30

13. Reinsurance

Standard Casualty is primarily a specialty writer of manufactured home physical damage insurance. Certain of 

Standard Casualty’s premiums and benefits are assumed from and ceded to other insurance companies under 
various reinsurance agreements. The ceded reinsurance agreements provide Standard Casualty with increased 
capacity to write larger risks and maintain its exposure to loss within its capital resources. Standard Casualty 
remains obligated for amounts ceded in the event that the reinsurers do not meet their obligations. Substantially all 
of Standard Casualty’s assumed reinsurance is with one entity.

The effects of reinsurance on premiums written and earned are as follows (in thousands):

Direct premiums
Assumed premiums—nonaffiliate
Ceded premiums—nonaffiliate
Net premiums

Year Ended
April 2, 2016

Year Ended
March 28, 2015

Written

Earned

Written

Earned

$

$

15,595 $
22,580
(11,088)
27,087 $

14,764 $
21,191
(11,088)
24,867 $

13,863 $
20,382
(9,733)
24,512 $

12,865
18,680
(9,733)
21,812

Typical insurance policies written or assumed by Standard Casualty have a maximum coverage of $300,000 per 
claim, of which Standard Casualty cedes $200,000 of the risk of loss per reinsurance. Therefore, Standard Casualty 
maintains risk of loss limited to $100,000 per claim on typical policies. Amounts are recoverable by Standard 
Casualty through reinsurance for catastrophic losses in excess of $1.0 million per occurrence up to a maximum of 
$44.0 million in the aggregate.

Purchasing reinsurance contracts protects Standard Casualty from frequency and/or severity of losses incurred 
on insurance policies issued, such as in the case of a catastrophe that generates a large number of serious claims on 
multiple policies at the same time.

14. Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 were as follows (in thousands):

Current

Federal
State

Total current

Deferred

Federal
State

Total deferred
Total income tax provision

2016

Fiscal Year
2015

2014

$

$

15,070 $
1,350
16,420

(987)
54
(933)
15,487 $

8,277 $
882
9,159

3,937
414
4,351
13,510 $

7,630
913
8,543

586
(30)
556
9,099

F-31

 
 
A reconciliation of income taxes computed by applying the expected federal statutory income tax rates of 35% 
for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 to income before income taxes to the total income tax provision reported in the 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income is as follows (in thousands):

Federal income tax at statutory rate
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
Tax credits
Domestic production activities deduction
Change in deferred tax rate
Other

Total income tax provision

2016

Fiscal Year
2015

2014

$

$

15,410 $
1,427
(941)
(889)
(136)
616
15,487 $

13,065 $
1,104
(374)
(561)
92
184
13,510 $

9,732
849
(319)
(783)
(557)
177
9,099

Net current deferred tax assets and net long-term deferred tax liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

Net current deferred tax assets (liabilities)

Warranty reserves
Salaries and wages
Inventory
Prepaid expenses
Deferred revenue
Policy acquisition costs
Other

Net long-term deferred tax (liabilities) assets

Goodwill
Loan discount
Property, plant, equipment and depreciation
Stock based compensation
Other intangibles
Deferred margin
Other

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

5,019 $
2,501
1,510
(1,472)
1,206
(1,201)
1,435
8,998 $

(24,635) $
7,546
(4,621)
2,784
(2,418)
1,562
(829)
(20,611) $

3,714
2,354
1,305
(774)
1,132
(1,136)
1,978
8,573

(24,714)
8,519
(4,970)
2,648
(2,416)
1,117
(771)
(20,587)

$

$

$

$

The effective income tax rate for the current year was positively impacted by the timing of certain tax credits 

and deductions. As Cavco’s taxable income has grown, we have realized additional benefit from tax deductions 
established to favor domestic manufacturing operations. We also received benefit from tax credits, including the 
Work Opportunity Tax Credit, the Energy Efficient Home Credit and fuel tax credits.

The Company recorded an insignificant amount of unrecognized tax benefits during fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 

2014, and there would be an insignificant effect on the effective tax rate if all unrecognized tax benefits were 
recognized. The Company classifies interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax 
expense. At April 2, 2016, the Company has state net operating loss carryforwards that total $11.3 million, that 
began to expire in 2015. As a result, the Company recorded a $26,000 valuation allowance against the related 
deferred tax asset. 

F-32

 
 
The Company periodically evaluates the deferred tax assets based on the requirements established in ASC 740 
which requires the recording of a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the 
deferred tax assets will not be realized. The determination of the need for or amount of any valuation allowance 
involves significant management judgment and is based upon the evaluation of both positive and negative evidence, 
including management projections of anticipated taxable income. At April 2, 2016, the Company evaluated 
forecasted taxable income and determined that, except as described above, all of the deferred tax assets would be 
utilized in future periods. Ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets depends on our ability to meet these 
forecasts in future periods.

Income tax returns are filed in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in several state jurisdictions. The Company is no 

longer subject to examination by the IRS for years before fiscal year 2013. In general, the Company is no longer 
subject to state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before fiscal year 2012. The 
Company believes that its income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and does not 
anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material change to the Company’s financial position. The total 
amount of unrecognized tax benefit related to any particular tax position is not anticipated to change significantly 
within the next 12 months. The provision for income taxes generally represents income taxes paid or payable for the 
current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year.

15. Commitments and Contingencies

Repurchase Contingencies. The Company is contingently liable under terms of repurchase agreements with 
financial institutions providing inventory financing for independent retailers of its products. These arrangements, 
which are customary in the industry, provide for the repurchase of products sold to retailers in the event of default 
by the retailer. The risk of loss under these agreements is spread over numerous retailers. The price the Company is 
obligated to pay generally declines over the period of the agreement (generally 18 to 36 months, calculated from the 
date of sale to the retailer) and the risk of loss is further reduced by the resale value of the repurchased homes. The 
Company applies ASC 460 and ASC 450-20 to account for its liability for repurchase commitments. Under the 
provisions of ASC 460, issuance of a guarantee results in two different types of obligations: (1) a non-contingent 
obligation to stand ready to perform under the repurchase commitment (accounted for pursuant to ASC 460) and 
(2) a contingent obligation to make future payments under the conditions of the repurchase commitment (accounted 
for pursuant to ASC 450-20). Management reviews the retailers' inventories to estimate the amount of inventory 
subject to repurchase obligation, which is used to calculate: (1) the fair value of the non-contingent obligation for 
repurchase commitments and (2) the contingent liability based on historical information available at the time. 
During the period in which a home is sold (inception of a repurchase commitment), the Company records the 
greater of these two calculations as a liability for repurchase commitments and as a reduction to revenue.

(1)  The Company estimates the fair value of the non-contingent portion of its manufacturer's inventory 

repurchase commitment under the provisions of ASC 460 when a home is shipped to retailers whose floor 
plan financing includes a repurchase commitment. The fair value of the inventory repurchase agreement is 
determined by calculating the net present value of the difference in (a) the Company's interest cost to carry 
the inventory over the maximum repurchase liability period at the prevailing floor plan note interest rate 
and (b) the retailer's interest cost to carry the inventory over the maximum repurchase liability period at the 
interest rate of a similar type loan without a manufacturer's repurchase agreement in force. Following the 
inception of the commitment, the recorded reserve is reduced over the repurchase period in conjunction 
with applicable curtailment arrangements and is eliminated once the retailer sells the home.

(2)  The Company estimates the contingent obligation to make future payments under its manufacturer's 

inventory repurchase commitment for the same pool of commitments as used in the fair value calculation 
above and records the greater of the two calculations. This contingent obligation is estimated using 
historical loss factors, including the frequency of repurchases and the losses experienced by the Company 
for repurchased inventory.

F-33

Additionally, subsequent to the inception of the repurchase commitment, the Company evaluates the likelihood 

that it will be called on to perform under the inventory repurchase commitments. If it becomes probable that a 
retailer will default and an ASC 450-20 loss reserve should be recorded, then such contingent liability is recorded 
equal to the estimated loss on repurchase. Based on identified changes in retailers' financial conditions, the 
Company evaluates the probability of default for retailers who are identified at an elevated risk of default and 
applies a probability of default, based on historical default rates. Commensurate with this default probability 
evaluation, the Company reviews repurchase notifications received from floor plan sources and reviews retailer 
inventory for expected repurchase notifications based on various communications from the lenders and retailers. 
The Company's repurchase commitments for the retailers in the category of elevated risk of default are excluded 
from the pool of commitments used in both of the calculations at (1) and (2) above. Changes in the reserve are 
recorded as an adjustment to revenue.

The maximum amount for which the Company was liable under such agreements approximated $46.6 million 
and $28.3 million at April 2, 2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively, without reduction for the resale value of the 
homes. The Company had a reserve for repurchase commitments of $1.7 million and $2.2 million at April 2, 2016 
and March 28, 2015, respectively. Activity in the liability for estimated repurchase contingencies was as follows for 
fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):

Balance at beginning of period
(Credited) Charged to costs and expenses
Payments and deductions
Balance at end of period

2016

Fiscal Year
2015

2014

$

$

2,240 $
(187)
(393)
1,660 $

1,845 $
522
(127)
2,240 $

1,352
493
—
1,845

Leases. The Company leases certain equipment and facilities under operating leases with various renewal 
options. Rent expense was $5.1 million, $4.5 million and $4.4 million for the fiscal years ended April 2, 2016, 
March 28, 2015 and March 29, 2014, respectively. Future minimum lease commitments under all noncancelable 
operating leases having a remaining term in excess of one year at April 2, 2016, are as follows (in thousands):

2017
2018
2019
2020
2021 and thereafter

$

$

2,997
2,567
1,899
1,308
1,087
9,858

Letters of Credit. To secure certain reinsurance contracts, Standard Casualty maintains an irrevocable letter of 
credit of $7.0 million to provide assurance that Standard Casualty will fulfill its reinsurance obligations. This letter 
of credit is secured by certain of the Company’s investments.

Construction-Period Mortgages. CountryPlace funds construction-period mortgages through periodic advances 
during the period of home construction. At the time of initial funding, CountryPlace commits to fully fund the loan 
contract in accordance with a predetermined schedule. Subsequent advances are contingent upon the performance 
of contractual obligations by the seller of the home and the borrower. Cumulative advances on construction-period 
mortgages are carried in the consolidated balance sheet at the amount advanced less a valuation allowance, which 
are included in consumer loans receivable. The total loan contract amount, less cumulative advances, represents an 
off-balance sheet contingent commitment of CountryPlace to fund future advances.

F-34

 
Loan contracts with off-balance sheet commitments are summarized below (in thousands):

Construction loan contract amount
Cumulative advances
Remaining construction contingent commitment

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

15,109 $
(6,566)
8,543 $

9,591
(4,076)
5,515

Representations and Warranties of Mortgages Sold. CountryPlace sells loans to GSEs and whole-loan 
purchasers. In connection with these activities, CountryPlace provides to the GSEs and whole-loan purchasers, 
representations and warranties related to the loans sold. These representations and warranties generally relate to the 
ownership of the loan, the validity of the lien securing the loan, the loan’s compliance with the criteria for inclusion 
in the sale transactions, including compliance with underwriting standards or loan criteria established by the buyer 
and CountryPlace’s ability to deliver documentation in compliance with applicable laws. Generally, representations 
and warranties may be enforced at any time over the life of the loan. Upon a breach of a representation, 
CountryPlace may be required to repurchase the loan or to indemnify a party for incurred losses. Repurchase 
demands and claims for indemnification payments are reviewed on a loan-by-loan basis to validate if there has been 
a breach requiring repurchase. CountryPlace manages the risk of repurchase through underwriting and quality 
assurance practices and by servicing the mortgage loans to investor standards. CountryPlace maintains a reserve for 
these contingent repurchase and indemnification obligations. This reserve of $785,000 and $867,000 as of April 2, 
2016 and March 28, 2015, respectively, included in accrued liabilities, reflects management’s estimate of probable 
loss. CountryPlace considers a variety of assumptions, including borrower performance (both actual and estimated 
future defaults), historical repurchase demands and loan defect rates to estimate the liability for loan repurchases 
and indemnifications. During the year ended April 2, 2016, one claim request resulted in an indemnification 
agreements being executed.

Interest Rate Lock Commitments. In originating loans for sale, CountryPlace issues interest rate lock 

commitments ("IRLCs") to prospective borrowers and third-party originators. These IRLCs represent an agreement 
to extend credit to a loan applicant, or an agreement to purchase a loan from a third-party originator, whereby the 
interest rate on the loan is set prior to loan closing or sale. These IRLCs bind CountryPlace to fund the approved 
loan at the specified rate regardless of whether interest rates or market prices for similar loans have changed 
between the commitment date and the closing date. As such, outstanding IRLCs are subject to interest rate risk and 
related loan sale price risk during the period from the date of the IRLC through the earlier of the loan sale date or 
IRLC expiration date. The loan commitments generally range between 30 and 180 days; however, borrowers are not 
obligated to close the related loans. As a result, CountryPlace is subject to fallout risk related to IRLCs, which is 
realized if approved borrowers choose not to close on the loans within the terms of the IRLCs unless the 
commitment is successfully paired with another loan that may mitigate losses from fallout.

As of April 2, 2016 CountryPlace had outstanding IRLCs with a notional amount of $4.3 million and are 

recorded at fair value in accordance with FASB ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging ("ASC 815"). ASC 815 clarifies 
that the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of a loan should be included in the 
measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. The estimated 
fair values of IRLCs are recorded in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of IRLCs is 
based on the value of the underlying mortgage loan adjusted for: (i) estimated cost to complete and originate the 
loan and (ii) the estimated percentage of IRLCs that will result in closed mortgage loans. The initial and subsequent 
changes in the value of IRLCs are a component of gain (loss) on mortgage loans held for sale. During fiscal years 
2016, 2015 and 2014, CountryPlace recognized a loss of $11,000, a gain of $34,000 and a loss of $42,000, 
respectively, on the outstanding IRLCs.

F-35

 
Forward Sales Commitments. CountryPlace manages the risk profiles of a portion of its outstanding IRLCs and 
mortgage loans held for sale by entering into forward sales of mortgage backed securities ("MBS") and whole loan 
sale commitments. As of April 2, 2016 CountryPlace had $17.0 million in outstanding notional forward sales of 
MBSs and forward sales commitments. Commitments to forward sales of whole loans are typically in an amount 
proportionate with the amount of IRLCs expected to close in particular time frames, assuming no change in 
mortgage interest rates, for the respective loan products intended for whole loan sale.

The estimated fair values of forward sales of MBS and forward sale commitments are based on quoted market 

values and are recorded within other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. During the years ended 
April 2, 2016 and March 28, 2015, CountryPlace recognized a gain of $23,000, a loss of $78,000 and a gain of 
$28,000, respectively, on forward sales and whole loan sale commitments.

Legal Matters. The Company is party to certain legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course and are 
incidental to its business. Certain of the claims pending against the Company in these proceedings allege, among 
other things, breach of contract and warranty, product liability and personal injury. Although litigation is inherently 
uncertain, based on past experience and the information currently available, management does not believe that the 
currently pending and threatened litigation or claims will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s 
consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations. However, future events or circumstances currently 
unknown to management will determine whether the resolution of pending or threatened litigation or claims will 
ultimately have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations 
in any future reporting periods.

16. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company maintains stock incentive plans whereby stock option grants or awards of restricted stock may be 
made to certain officers, directors and key employees. The plans, which are shareholder approved, permit the award 
of up to 1,650,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, of which 386,131 shares were still available for grant. 
When options are exercised, new shares of the Company’s common stock are issued. Stock options may not be 
granted below 100% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant and generally 
expire seven years from the date of grant. Stock options and awards of restricted stock typically vest over a one to 
five year period as determined by the plan administrator (the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, 
which consists of independent directors). The stock incentive plans provide for accelerated vesting of stock options 
and removal of restrictions on restricted stock awards upon a change in control (as defined in the plans).

The Company applies the fair value recognition provisions of FASB ASC 718, Compensation—Stock 
Compensation ("ASC 718"). Stock option compensation expense, including restricted stock, decreased income 
before income taxes by approximately $1.8 million, $1.7 million and $2.4 million for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 
2014, respectively. As of April 2, 2016, total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options was 
approximately $2.2 million and the related weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized is 
approximately 2.73 years.

F-36

The following table summarizes the option activity within the Company’s stock-based compensation plans for 

the fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014:

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)

Number
of Shares

Options outstanding at March 30, 2013

Granted
Exercised
Canceled or expired

Options outstanding at March 29, 2014

Granted
Exercised
Canceled or expired

Options outstanding at March 28, 2015

Granted
Exercised
Canceled or expired

Options outstanding at April 2, 2016

Exercisable at March 29, 2014
Exercisable at March 28, 2015
Exercisable at April 2, 2016

399,700 $
64,450
(9,500)
(10,750)
443,900 $
80,730
(14,375)
(3,275)
506,980 $
90,500
(104,500)
(1,000)
491,980 $

259,625 $
347,750 $
320,975 $

35.83
52.99
37.66
48.28
37.98
78.35
34.76
51.13
44.42
75.27
33.46
75.90
51.91

34.56
36.17
41.01

3.67 $

18,047

3.29 $

15,836

3.28 $

35,906

3.03 $
2.36 $
2.09 $

11,445
13,537
24,786

The weighted-average estimated fair value of employee stock options granted during fiscal years 2016, 2015 

and 2014 were $27.83, $30.11 and $21.44, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during fiscal 
years 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $4.9 million, $593,000 and $257,000, respectively.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options. 

The determination of the fair value of stock options on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected 
by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. 
These variables include actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, the Company’s expected 
stock price volatility over the expected term of the awards, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. The fair 
values of options granted were estimated at the date of grant using the following weighted average assumptions: 

Volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Dividend yield
Expected option life in years

2016

Fiscal Year
2015

2014

39.8%
1.5%
—%
5.03

42.4%
1.5%
—%
4.87

47.7%
1.2%
—%
4.52

F-37

 
 
The Company estimates the expected term of options granted by using the simplified method as prescribed by 

SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") No. 107 and SAB 110. The Company uses the simplified method as the 
Company does not have sufficient historical share option exercise data due to the limited number of shares granted 
under the programs as well as changes in the Company's business and grantee population due to the acquisitions of 
Fleetwood and Palm Harbor, rendering existing historical experience less reliable in formulating expectations for 
current grants. The Company estimates the expected volatility of its common stock taking into consideration its 
historical stock price movement and its expected future stock price trends based on known or anticipated events. 
The Company bases the risk-free interest rate that it uses in the option pricing model on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon 
issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term on the options. The Company does not anticipate paying 
any cash dividends in the foreseeable future and therefore uses an expected dividend yield of zero in the option-
pricing model. The Company is required to estimate future forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates 
in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company uses historical data to estimate 
pre-vesting option forfeitures and records stock-based compensation cost only for those awards that are expected to 
vest. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense using the straight-line attribution method.

17. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares 
outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per common share is computed based on the combination 
of dilutive common share equivalents, comprised of shares issuable under the Company’s stock-based 
compensation plans and the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. 
Dilutive common share equivalents include the dilutive effect of in-the-money options to purchase shares, which is 
calculated based on the average share price for each period using the treasury stock method. The following table 
sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 (dollars in 
thousands, except per share amounts):

Net income attributable to Cavco common stockholders
Weighted average shares outstanding:

Basic
Common stock equivalents—treasury stock method
Diluted

Net income per share attributable to Cavco common

stockholders:
Basic
Diluted

2016

Fiscal Year
2015

2014

$

28,541 $

23,817 $

16,238

8,889,731
156,616
9,046,347

8,854,359
161,420
9,015,779

8,262,688
116,336
8,379,024

$
$

3.21 $
3.15 $

2.69 $
2.64 $

1.97
1.94

There were 11,161 anti-dilutive common stock equivalents excluded from the computation of diluted earnings 

per share for the year ended April 2, 2016, 2,669 for the year ended March 28, 2015 and none for the year ended 
March 29, 2014.

F-38

 
18. Fair Value Measurements

The book value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows (in 

thousands): 

$

Available-for-sale investment securities (1)
Non-marketable equity investments (2)
Consumer loans receivable (3)
Interest rate lock commitment derivatives (4)
Forward loan sale commitment derivatives (4)
Commercial loans receivable (5)
Securitized financings (6)
Mortgage servicing rights (7)

April 2, 2016

March 28, 2015

Book
Value

Estimated
Fair Value

Book
Value

Estimated
Fair Value

24,247 $
14,841
89,558
8
(31)
25,542
(61,171)
803

24,247 $
14,841
126,077
8
(31)
25,688
(60,220)
803

21,283 $
10,636
98,158
19
(54)
18,081
(66,960)
475

21,283
10,636
129,616
19
(54)
18,025
(67,064)
475

(1)  The fair value is based on quoted market prices.
(2)  The fair value approximates book value based on the non-marketable nature of the investments.
(3)  Includes consumer loans receivable held for investment, held for sale and construction advances. The fair 
value of the loans held for investment is based on the discounted value of the remaining principal and 
interest cash flows. The fair value of the loans held for sale are estimated based on recent GSE mortgage 
backed bond prices. The fair value of the construction advances approximates book value and the sales 
price of these loans is estimated based on construction completed.

(4)  The fair values are based on changes in GSE mortgage backed bond prices, and additionally for IRLCs, 

pull through rates.

(5)  The fair value is estimated using market interest rates of comparable loans.
(6)  The fair value is estimated using recent public transactions of similar asset-backed securities.
(7)  The fair value of the mortgage servicing rights is based on the present value of expected net cash flows 

related to servicing these loans.

In accordance with FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC 820"), fair value is 
defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the 
principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market 
participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to 
maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The 
standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities;

quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated
by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair

value of the assets or liabilities.

The Company utilizes the market approach to measure fair value for its financial assets and liabilities. The 
market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or 
comparable assets or liabilities.

F-39

 
 
When the Company uses observable market prices for identical securities that are traded in less active markets, 
it classifies such securities as Level 2. When observable market prices for identical securities are not available, the 
Company prices its marketable debt instruments using non-binding market consensus prices that are corroborated 
with observable market data; quoted market prices for similar instruments; or pricing models, such as a discounted 
cash flow model, with all significant inputs derived from or corroborated with observable market data. Non-binding 
market consensus prices are based on the proprietary valuation models of pricing providers or brokers. These 
valuation models incorporate a number of inputs, including non-binding and binding broker quotes; observable 
market prices for identical or similar securities; and the internal assumptions of pricing providers or brokers that use 
observable market inputs and, to a lesser degree, unobservable market inputs.

Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (in thousands):

Securities issued by the U.S Treasury and

Government (1)

Mortgage-backed securities (1)
Securities issued by states and political

subdivisions (1)

Corporate debt securities (1)
Marketable equity securities (1)
Interest rate lock commitment derivatives (2)
Forward loan sale commitment derivatives (2)
Mortgage servicing rights (3)

April 2, 2016

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$

999 $

5,819

7,421
1,164
7,844
8
(31)
803

— $
—

—
—
7,844
—
—
—

999 $

5,819

7,421
1,164
—
—
—
—

—
—

—
—
—
8
(31)
803

(1)  Unrealized gains or losses on investments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 

at each measurement date.

(2)  Gains or losses on derivatives are recognized in current period earnings through cost of sales.
(3)  Changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights are recognized in the current period earnings 

through net revenue.

No transfers between Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 occurred during the year ended April 2, 2016. The Company’s 
policy regarding the recording of transfers between levels is to record any such transfers at the end of the reporting 
period.

Financial instruments for which fair value is disclosed but not required to be recognized in the balance sheet on 

a recurring basis are summarized below (in thousands):

Loans held for investment
Loans held for sale
Loans held—construction advances
Commercial loans receivable
Securitized financings
Non-marketable equity investments

April 2, 2016

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$

110,241 $
9,270
6,566
25,688
(60,220)
14,841

— $
—
—
—
—
—

— $

9,270
—
—
(60,220)
—

110,241
—
6,566
25,688
—
14,841

F-40

 
 
 
 
Financial instruments measured on a nonrecurring basis also include impaired loans (nonaccrual loans) and 
loans held for sale. No recent sales have been executed in an orderly market of manufactured home loan portfolios 
with comparable product features, credit characteristics, or performance. Impaired loans are measured using Level 3 
inputs that are calculated using estimated discounted future cash flows with discount rates considered to reflect 
current market conditions. Loans held for sale are measured at the lower of cost or fair value using Level 2 inputs 
that consist of commitments on hand from investors. These loans are held for relatively short periods, typically no 
more than 45 days. As a result, changes in loan-specific credit risk are not a significant component of the change in 
fair value. The cost of loans held for sale is lower than the fair value as of April 2, 2016.

FASB ASC 825, Financial Instruments ("ASC 825"), requires disclosure of fair value information about 
financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate fair 
value. Fair value estimates are made as of a specific point in time based on the characteristics of the financial 
instruments and the relevant market information. Where available, quoted market prices are used. In other cases, 
fair values are based on estimates using other valuation techniques. These techniques involve uncertainties and are 
significantly affected by the assumptions used and the judgments made regarding risk characteristics of various 
financial instruments, discount rates, estimates of future cash flows, future expected loss experience and other 
factors. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect these estimates and the resulting fair values. Derived fair 
value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be 
realized in an immediate sale of the instrument. Also, because of differences in methodologies and assumptions 
used to estimate fair values, the Company’s fair values should not be compared to those of other companies.

Under ASC 825, fair value estimates are based on existing financial instruments without attempting to estimate 

the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial 
instruments. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying market value 
of the Company.

The Company records impairment losses on long-lived assets held for sale when the fair value of such long-
lived assets is below their carrying values. The Company records impairment charges on long-lived assets used in 
operations when events and circumstances indicate that long-lived assets might be impaired and the undiscounted 
cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than their carrying amounts. The Company recorded 
no impairment charges on assets held for sale or used in operations during the fiscal years ended April 2, 2016 and 
March 28, 2015.

Mortgage Servicing. Mortgage Servicing Rights ("MSRs") are the rights to receive a portion of the interest 

coupon and fees collected from the mortgagors for performing specified mortgage servicing activities, which 
consist of collecting loan payments, remitting principal and interest payments to investors, managing escrow 
accounts, performing loss mitigation activities on behalf of investors and otherwise administering the loan servicing 
portfolio. MSRs are initially recorded at fair value. Changes in fair value subsequent to the initial capitalization are 
recorded in net revenue in the Company's results of operations. The Company recognizes MSRs on all loans sold to 
investors that meet the requirements for sale accounting and for which servicing rights are retained.

The Company applies fair value accounting to MSRs, with all changes in fair value recorded to net revenue in 

accordance with FASB ASC 860-50, Servicing Assets and Liabilities. The fair value of MSRs is based on the 
present value of the expected future cash flows related to servicing these loans. The revenue components of the cash 
flows are servicing fees, interest earned on custodial accounts and other ancillary income. The expense components 
include operating costs related to servicing the loans (including delinquency and foreclosure costs) and interest 
expenses on servicer advances that the Company believes are consistent with the assumptions major market 
participants use in valuing MSRs. The expected cash flows are primarily impacted by prepayment estimates, 
delinquencies and market discounts. Generally, the value of MSRs is expected to increase when interest rates rise 
and decrease when interest rates decline, due to the effect those changes in interest rates have on prepayment 
estimates. Other factors noted above as well as the overall market demand for MSRs may also affect the valuation.

F-41

Number of loans serviced with MSRs
Weighted average servicing fee (basis points)
Capitalized servicing multiple
Capitalized servicing rate (basis points)
Serviced portfolio with MSRs (in thousands)
Mortgage servicing rights (in thousands)

19. Employee Benefit Plans

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

3,728
30.43
61.65%
18.76
428,324
803

$
$

3,306
29.88
42.10%
12.58
380,120
475

$
$

The Company has a self-funded group medical plan which is administered by third-party administrators. The 

medical plan has reinsurance coverage limiting liability for any individual employee loss to a maximum of 
$300,000. Incurred claims identified under the third-party administrator's incident reporting system and incurred but 
not reported claims are accrued based on estimates that incorporate the Company's past experience, as well as other 
considerations such as the nature of each claim or incident, relevant trend factors and advice from consulting 
actuaries when necessary. Medical claims expense was $15.7 million, $6.6 million and $6.1 million for fiscal years 
2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The Company sponsors an employee savings plan (the "401k Plan") that is intended to provide participating 
employees with additional income upon retirement. Employees may contribute their eligible compensation up to 
federal limits to the 401k Plan. The Company match is discretionary, and may be up to 50% of the first 5% of 
eligible compensation contributed by employees up to a maximum of $1,000. For calendar year 2015, the Company 
match was 20% of the first 3% of eligible compensation contributed by employees. Employees are eligible to 
participate on the first of the month following 90 days of service and employer matching contributions are vested 
progressively over a four-year period. Employer matching contribution expense was $567,000, $411,000 and 
$561,000 for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

20. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest

During fiscal year 2010, the Company and an investment partner, Third Avenue Value Fund, formed Fleetwood, 

with an initial contribution of $35.0 million each for equal 50 percent ownership interests. On July 21, 2009, 
Fleetwood entered into an asset purchase agreement with Fleetwood Enterprises, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries 
to purchase certain assets and liabilities of its manufactured housing business.

The Company and Third Avenue Value Fund subsequently contributed an additional $36.0 million each in 
anticipation of the purchase of Palm Harbor, which was completed during the first quarter of fiscal year 2012. 
Subsequent to the transaction, a portion of Third Avenue Value Fund’s interests were transferred to an affiliate along 
with the applicable rights and obligations. This transfer had no impact on Cavco’s ownership interest.

Since the Fleetwood Acquisition, financial information for Fleetwood was included in the Company’s 

Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 810. 
Management determined that, although Fleetwood was only 50 percent owned by the Company, Cavco had a 
controlling interest and was required to fully consolidate the results of Fleetwood. Third Avenue’s financial interest 
in Fleetwood was considered a "redeemable noncontrolling interest,"as determined by GAAP, and was designated 
as such in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On July 22, 2013, Cavco purchased all noncontrolling interests in Fleetwood, Cavco’s subsidiary that owns 
Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, CountryPlace and Standard Casualty (the "Fleetwood Businesses"). As 
consideration for the 50 percent interest that it did not already own, the Company issued 1,867,370 shares of Cavco 
common stock, derived by dividing the purchase price of $91.4 million by the 60-day volume-weighted average 
price per share, in accordance with the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement.

F-42

Historically, 50 percent of the financial results of these businesses has been recorded as attributable to Cavco’s 
common stockholders in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The acquisition closed on July 22, 2013, resulting 
in Cavco owning 100 percent of the Fleetwood Businesses and entitling Cavco to all of the associated earnings from 
that date forward. The acquisition was accounted for as an equity transaction under ASC 810; accordingly, no gain 
or loss was recorded in the purchase of the noncontrolling interest, which had a carrying value of $94.4 million as 
of the closing date. As of July 22, 2013, Fleetwood and its subsidiaries are wholly-owned by the Company and 
Third Avenue no longer has a noncontrolling interest in Fleetwood.

21. Related Party Transactions

As discussed in Note 20, on July 22, 2013, Cavco completed the purchase of all noncontrolling interests in 
Cavco’s subsidiary that owns Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, CountryPlace and Standard Casualty from 
Third Avenue. The Company satisfied the purchase price with 1,867,370 newly issued shares of Company common 
stock (the "Cavco Shares"). Third Avenue is considered a principal owner, and therefore a related party, under ASC 
850, Related Party Disclosures ("ASC 850"). Subsequent to the transaction, Third Avenue beneficially owned 
approximately 22.8% of Cavco's outstanding common stock. As of April 2, 2016, Third Avenue Management LLC 
beneficially owned approximately 8.2% of our outstanding common shares. Third Avenue Management LLC and 
Third Avenue Value Fund are either directly or indirectly under common control.

The Company issued the Cavco Shares in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4
(2) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. In accordance with the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company 
filed a registration statement with the SEC seeking registration of the Cavco Shares. The SEC declared the 
registration statement effective on October 11, 2013. However, Third Avenue remains subject to certain restrictions 
on its ability to transfer its Cavco Shares. During the Standstill Period (defined below) Cavco has a "right of first 
offer" to acquire any Cavco Shares that Third Avenue wishes to transfer to independent third parties.

From and after the closing and continuing until the termination of the Standstill Period, Third Avenue agreed 

that it would vote all Cavco Shares in accordance with the recommendations of the Company's Board of Directors 
with respect to any action, proposal or other matter to be voted on by the stockholders of Cavco. The "Standstill 
Period" ends on the earlier of (i) the fourth anniversary of the Closing Date (July 22, 2017) or (ii) the third 
anniversary of the Closing Date (July 22, 2016) if Third Avenue owns less than 12.5% of the outstanding Cavco 
common stock on the third anniversary date. Additionally, during the Standstill Period, Third Avenue has agreed not 
to do any of the following without the prior written consent of the Company: acquire beneficial ownership of 
common equity securities of the Company or any other securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the 
election of directors of the Company; deposit any securities of the Company in a voting trust or similar arrangement 
or subject any voting securities of the Company to any voting agreement, pooling arrangement or similar 
arrangement, or grant any proxy with respect to any voting securities of the Company; enter, agree to enter, propose 
or offer to enter into or facilitate any merger, business combination, tender offer, recapitalization, restructuring, 
change in control transaction or other similar extraordinary transaction involving the Company or any of its 
subsidiaries; make, or in any way participate or engage in, any "solicitation" of "proxies" to vote, or advise or 
knowingly influence any person with respect to the voting of, any voting securities of the Company or any of its 
subsidiaries; call, or seek to call, a meeting of the shareholders of the Company or initiate any shareholder proposal 
for action by the shareholders of the Company; form, join or in any way participate in a Group within the meaning 
of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), with respect to any 
voting securities of the Company; otherwise act, alone or in concert with others, to seek to control or influence the 
Board or the management or policies of the Company; publicly disclose any intention, plan or arrangement 
prohibited by, or inconsistent with, the foregoing; advise or knowingly assist or encourage or enter into any 
discussions, negotiations, agreements or arrangements with any other person or Group (within the meaning of 
Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) in connection with the foregoing; or knowingly transfer more than 3% of the 
Cavco Shares to any one individual or entity.

In July 2015, the Company’s CEO made a payment of $1.1 million to the Company, representing the repayment 

of performance bonuses related to fiscal 2012, 2014 and 2015 that were determined to be in excess of the 2005 
Stock Incentive Plan limits and made to the CEO during those periods.

F-43

22. Acquisitions of Chariot Eagle and Fairmont Homes

On March 30, 2015, the Company purchased certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of Chariot 
Eagle, which produces park model RVs and manufactured homes distributed in the southeastern United States. On 
May 1, 2015, the Company purchased certain manufactured housing assets and liabilities of Fairmont Homes, a 
premier builder of manufactured and modular homes and park model RVs serving the Midwest, western Great 
Plains states, the Northeast and several provinces in Canada. These acquisitions were accounted for as business 
combinations and the results of operations have been included since the date of acquisition.

Chariot Eagle and Fairmont Homes contributed net revenue of $88.3 million and net income of $1.9 million to 

our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended April 2, 2016.

Pro Forma Impact of Acquisition (unaudited). The following table presents supplemental pro forma information 

as if the acquisition of Fairmont Homes had occurred on March 30, 2014 (in thousands, except per share data):

Net revenue
Net income
Diluted net income per share

Unaudited Pro Forma
Consolidated Results
Year Ended

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

721,676 $
29,924
3.31

672,178
25,716
2.85

F-44

 
23. Business Segment Information

The Company operates principally in two segments: (1) factory-built housing, which includes wholesale and 

retail systems-built housing operations and (2) financial services, which includes manufactured housing consumer 
finance and insurance. The following table details net revenue and income before income taxes by segment (in 
thousands):

Net revenue:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Net revenue for financial services consists of:

Consumer finance
Insurance

Income before income taxes:
Factory-built housing
Financial services

Depreciation:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Amortization:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Income tax expense:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Capital expenditures:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

Total assets:

Factory-built housing
Financial services

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

April 2,
2016

Fiscal Year Ended
March 28,
2015

March 29,
2014

655,148 $
57,204
712,352 $

513,707 $
52,952
566,659 $

485,897
47,442
533,339

20,240 $
36,964
57,204 $

35,440 $
8,588
44,028 $

3,376 $
92
3,468 $

253 $
201
454 $

12,369 $
3,118
15,487 $

3,443 $
76
3,519 $

19,571 $
33,381
52,952 $

25,133 $
12,194
37,327 $

2,307 $
71
2,378 $

1,178 $
201
1,379 $

9,160 $
4,350
13,510 $

2,084 $
126
2,210 $

19,617
27,825
47,442

16,223
11,582
27,805

2,551
69
2,620

1,179
201
1,380

5,012
4,087
9,099

2,178
87
2,265

April 2,
2016

March 28,
2015

$

$

382,176 $
171,659
553,835 $

332,712
169,870
502,582

F-45

 
 
 
24. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

The following tables set forth certain unaudited quarterly financial information for fiscal years 2016 and 2015.

Fiscal year ended April 2, 2016

Net revenue
Gross profit
Net income attributable to Cavco

common stockholders
Net income per share attributable to
Cavco common stockholders:
Basic
Diluted

Fiscal year ended March 28, 2015

Net revenue
Gross profit
Net income attributable to Cavco

common stockholders
Net income per share attributable to
Cavco common stockholders:
Basic
Diluted

$

$
$

$

$
$

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

Total

161,668 $
31,834

191,964 $
39,555

181,427 $
36,390

177,293 $
36,666

712,352
144,445

5,385

8,070

8,098

6,988

28,541

0.61 $
0.60 $

0.91 $
0.89 $

0.91 $
0.89 $

0.78 $
0.77 $

3.21
3.15

139,164 $
31,718

139,315 $
31,597

146,932 $
31,801

141,248 $
31,020

566,659
126,136

5,759

5,467

6,638

5,953

23,817

0.65 $
0.64 $

0.62 $
0.61 $

0.75 $
0.74 $

0.67 $
0.66 $

2.69
2.64

F-46

About Cavco Industries, Inc.

Cavco is the second largest designer and builder of manufactured homes, modular homes, commercial buildings, 

park model RVs and vacation cabins. We produce and sell some of the most widely recognized brand names in 

the industry including Cavco Homes, Fleetwood Homes, Palm Harbor Homes, Fairmont Homes and Chariot Eagle. 

The company’s insurance group, Standard Casualty, offers a range of insurance products for manufactured home 

owners and its finance subsidiary, CountryPlace Mortgage, supplies a variety of homebuyer financing options. 

Commitment, Experience, Stability and Strength 

As a corporation publicly traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (symbol CVCO), we have a commitment to 

our stockholders, our people and our homebuyers, to provide quality housing and exceptional service. Forbes 

Magazine selected Cavco as one of the 100 Best Managed Companies in the U.S. and recently as number 13 on 

its 2014 list of America’s Best Small Companies. In recognition of its innovation, customer service, and long term 

stability, Cavco Industries has been awarded the prestigious MHI Manufacturer of the Year Award for the last 

seven consecutive years. 

Excellence in Innovation, Quality and Value 

Our homes are precision built in controlled indoor environments at an attractive value and within shorter 

completion times than on-site construction methods. Our homes are efficiently distributed by independent 

retailers and through company-owned retail centers. We customize styles and specifications for the exclusive use 

of land/lease communities, subdivision developers, resort properties and workforce housing. 

Building Green, Energy Efficient and Sustainable Homes 

Cavco also builds homes designed with high utilization of renewable materials, environmentally-friendly 

maintenance requirements, specially designed ventilation systems, best use of space and alternative energy 

sources such as solar and wind.

Our Home  

Building Facilities

1

2

3

4

65

11

9

10

8

7

12

13

17

18

14

15

16

1 	 Fleetwood	Pacific	Northwest 

7 	 Cavco	Homes	of	Texas	 

13 	 Fleetwood	Midwest/Central	 

2 	 Palm	Harbor	Northwest 

8 	 Palm	Harbor	Austin	 

3 	 Fleetwood	Northwest/Mountain 

9 	 Palm	Harbor	Ft.	Worth	 

WOODBURN, OR

MILLERSBURG, OR

NAMPA, ID

4 	 Fleetwood	West 

RIVERSIDE, CA

5 	 Durango	Homes	by	Cavco 

PHOENIX, AZ

6 	 Cavco	West	 

GOODYEAR, AZ

SEGUIN, TX

AUSTIN, TX

FT. WORTH, TX

WACO, TX

11 	 Fairmont	Homes	 

MONTEVIDEO, MN

12 	 Fairmont	Homes	 

NAPPANEE, IN

LAFAYETTE, TN

14 	 Fleetwood	South	 

DOUGLAS, GA

15 	 Chariot	Eagle	 

OCALA, FL

PLANT CITY, FL

17 	 Fleetwood	East	 

ROCKY MT., VA

18 	 Nationwide	Homes	 

MARTINSVILLE, VA

10 	 Fleetwood	Southwest	 

16 	 Palm	Harbor	Florida	 

Directors, Officers and Corporate 
Information
Headquarters

Board of Directors
William C. Boor 
Chief Executive Officer 
Great Lakes Brewing Company

Steven G. Bunger 
Chief Executive Officer & President 
Pro Box Storage, Inc.

David A. Greenblatt 
Former Senior Vice President & Deputy General Counsel 
Eagle Materials, Inc.

Jack Hanna 
Principal 
Jack Hanna Productions                                           

Joseph H. Stegmayer 
Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer 
Cavco Industries, Inc.

Officers

Joseph H. Stegmayer 
Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer

Daniel L. Urness 
Executive Vice President 
Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

Charles E. Lott 
President 
Fleetwood Homes, Inc.

Steven K. Like 
Senior Vice President

James P. Glew 
General Counsel & Secretary

Cavco Industries, Inc. 
1001 North Central Avenue 
Suite 800 
Phoenix, Arizona 85004 
Telephone: (602) 256-6263 
www.cavco.com

Investor Relations

investor_relations@cavco.com

The Company’s filings with 
the Securities and Exchange 
Commission can be found in the 
SEC EDGAR database at  
www.sec.gov

Transfer Agent and Registrar 
Computershare Investor Services 
250 Royall Street 
Canton, MA 02021 
Telephone: (888) 525-8755 
www.computershare.com

Stock Trading 
The Company’s common stock is 
listed on the Nasdaq Global Select 
Market and is traded under the 
Symbol CVCO

Stock Price Range

Year ended April 2, 2016

High	
4th	Quarter	 $95.25	
3rd	Quarter	 $106.55	
2nd	Quarter	 $78.28	
$78.75	
1st	Quarter	

Low
$70.28
$66.71
$66.22
$64.54

Year ended March 28, 2015

High	
4th	Quarter		 $81.89	
3rd	Quarter	 $82.32	
2nd	Quarter	 $87.90	
1st	Quarter	 $85.45	

Low
$67.32
$62.08
$65.29
$72.03

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Providing Systems-built Housing Solutions

Copyright © 2016 Cavco Industries, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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