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Clearfield, Inc.

clfd · NASDAQ Technology
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FY2008 Annual Report · Clearfield, Inc.
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UNITED STATES  
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION  
Washington, D.C. 20549  

  Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934  
   For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008. 

(cid:1)  Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934  
   For the transition period from ______________ to _______________. 

FORM 10-K  

Commission File Number 0-16106  

CLEARFIELD, INC.  
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)  

Minnesota  
(State of incorporation)  

5480 Nathan Lane North,  
Suite 120  
Plymouth, Minnesota 55442  
(Address of principal executive office)  

41-1347235  
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)  

(763) 476-6866  

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  

(Title of class)  
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share  
(Including Series B Preferred Share Purchase Rights)  

(Name of exchange on which registered)  
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  

NONE  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  

(cid:1)   YES        NO  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.  

(cid:1)   YES        NO  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the 
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  

   YES     (cid:1)   NO  

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Indicate  by  check  mark  if  disclosure  of  delinquent  filers  pursuant  to  Item  405  of  Regulation  S-K  is  not  contained  herein,  and  will  not  be  contained,  to  the  best  of 

registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  

     YES     (cid:1)   NO  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a “large accelerated filer”, an “accelerated filer”, a “non-accelerated filer” or a “smaller reporting company” (as defined 

in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  

  Large accelerated filer   (cid:1) Accelerated filer   (cid:1) Non-accelerated filer   (cid:1) Smaller Reporting Company    

Indicate whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  

(cid:1)   YES        NO  

The  aggregate  market  value  of  the  voting  and  non-voting  equity  held  by  non-affiliates  of  the  registrant,  as  of  the  last  business  day  of  the  registrant’s  most  recently 

completed second fiscal quarter computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold was approximately $13,848,232.  

The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of November 30, 2008 was 11,938,131.  

Documents Incorporated by Reference:  

Portions of our proxy statement for the annual shareholders meeting to be held on February 26, 2009 are incorporated by reference into Part III.  

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CLEARFIELD, INC.  

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K  
TABLE OF CONTENTS  

BUSINESS  

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 

PART I  
ITEM 1.  
ITEM 1A.   RISK FACTORS  
ITEM 1B.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS  
PROPERTIES  
ITEM 2.  
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  
ITEM 3.  
ITEM 4.  
SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS  
PART II  
ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  
ITEM 6.  
ITEM 7.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  
ITEM 7A.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  
ITEM 8.  
ITEM 9. 
ITEM 9A.   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  
ITEM 9B.   OTHER INFORMATION  
PART III  
ITEM 10.   DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  
ITEM 11.  
ITEM 12.  
ITEM 13.   CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE  
ITEM 14.  
PART IV  
ITEM 15.  
SIGNATURES  
EXHIBIT INDEX  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES  

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  

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PART I  

ITEM 1.  

Background  

BUSINESS  

Clearfield, Inc. (“Clearfield” or the “Company”), formerly APA Enterprises, Inc., is a Minnesota corporation which was founded in 1979.  Our corporate headquarters is 
located at 5480 Nathan Lane North, Suite 120, Plymouth, MN 55442 and our corporate website is http://www.clearfieldconnection.com/. The information available on our website is 
not part of this Report. You can access, free of charge, our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our annual report on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on 
Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any other amendments to those reports, through a link at our website, or at the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov .  

On January 2, 2008, Clearfield, Inc., formerly known as APA Enterprises, Inc., consolidated its sole subsidiary APA Cables & Networks, Inc., (APACN) into the parent 
company, Clearfield, Inc. The Company also changed its NASDAQ stock symbol to CLFD from APAT. The Company’s Optronics business was discontinued during the quarter 
ended June 30, 2007, and the operations of the Company have now consisted solely of the operations of Clearfield formerly known as APACN.  

Description of Business  

Clearfield, Inc. is a manufacturer and seller of telecommunications equipment. The Company provides telecommunications service providers, as well as commercial and 
industrial original equipment manufacturers (“OEM’s”) a suite of modular, highly-configurable passive connectivity solutions. The Company has successfully established itself as a 
value-added supplier to its target market of independent telephone companies and cable television operators as well as OEMs who value a high level of engineering services as part 
of their procurement process. Clearfield has expanded its product offerings and broadened its customer base during the last four years.  

Clearfield offers a broad range of telecommunications equipment and products. Its broad range of product offerings include the design and manufacture of standard and 
custom  connectivity  products  such  as  fiber  distribution  systems,  optical  components,  Outside  Plant  (“OSP”)  cabinets,  and  fiber  and  copper  cable  assemblies  that  serve  the 
communication service provider including Fiber-to-the-Home (“FTTH”), large enterprise, and OEM markets. Clearfield maintains a range of engineering and technical knowledge 
in-house  that  works  closely  with  customers  to  develop,  customize  and  enhance  products  from  design  through  production.  Most  products  are  produced  at  Clearfield’s  plant  in 
Plymouth,  Minnesota  with  support  from  a  network  of  domestic  and  global  manufacturing  partners.  Clearfield  specializes  in  producing  these  products  on  both  a  quick-turn  and 
scheduled delivery basis. Key to the continuing positive results is strong acceptance of Clearfield’s proprietary Fieldsmart Fiber Management Platform product line within broadband 
service providers deploying FTTH networks.  

Products  

Clearview Cassette    The  Clearview  Cassette,  introduced  in  November  2007,  is  the  main building  block of  the FieldSmart product platform,  positioning  Clearfield  as  the  only 
company to provide the needs of every leg of the telecommunications network with  a single building block. This patent-pending technology is a system of five parts that nest 
together  in  the  cassette’s  main  housing  to  support  a  wide  range  of  applications.  Parts  can  be  added  or  removed  as  needed  to  support  the  environment  in  which  it’s  deployed. 
Within the cassette, all fibers from the sub-assembly are slack stored, bend radius protected and secured against accidental physical damage from handling. A transparent design 
allows the user to see components inside, while the snap-together components provide access without tools for maintenance, cleaning or troubleshooting.  

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FieldSmart  Fiber  Distribution  Systems  (“FDS”)    The  FieldSmart  FDS  is  a  high  density,  easy  access  fiber  distribution  system  of  panels  and  cable  management  devices,  built 
around  the  Clearview  cassette,  systems  that  are  designed  to  reduce  installation  time,  guarantee  bend  radius  protection  and  improve  traceability.  In  the  144-port  count 
configuration, Clearfield is the industry leader for density, saving the customer expensive real estate in the central office. The product line fully supports a wide range of panel 
configurations, densities, connectors, and adapters that can be utilized on a stand-alone basis or integrated into the panel system. The unique interchangeable building block design 
delivers  feature  rich  solutions  which  are  able  to  meet  the  needs  of  a  broad  range  of  network  deployments.  Unlike  conventional  fiber  management  solutions  where  radius  and 
physical fiber protection is met through an expensive fixed bulkhead design inside an overall housing, FieldSmart every 12-fiber increment is encased in its own module.  

FieldSmart Fiber Scalability Center (FSC)   The FieldSmart FSC  is a modular and scalable outside plant cabinet  to allow users to align their capital equipment expense as they 
recognize subscriber revenue.    This allows rollout of FTTH services by communication service providers without a large initial expense. Each outside plant cabinet stores feeder 
and distribution  splices, splitters,  connectors  and slack cable neatly and compactly, utilizing field-tested  designs to maximize bend radius  protection, connector access, ease of 
cable routing and physical protection, thereby minimizing the risk of fiber damage. The FSC product, with the Clearview cassette at its heart has been designed to scale with the 
application environment as demand requires and to reduce service turn-up time for the end-user.  

Optical Components   Clearfield packages optical components for signal coupling, splitting, termination, multiplexing, demultiplexing and attenuation to seamlessly integrate with 
the FieldSmart FDS and FieldSmart FSC. This value-added packaging allows the customer to source from a single supplier and reduce space requirements. The products are built 
and tested to meet the strictest industry standards ensuring customers trouble-free performance in extreme outside plant environments.  

Cable Assemblies   Clearfield manufactures high quality fiber and copper assemblies with an industry-standard or customer-specified configuration.  Industry-standard assemblies 
built include but are not limited to: single mode fiber, multimode fiber, multi-fiber, CATV node assembly, DS1 Telco, DS 3 (734/735) coax, Category 5e and 6, SCSI, Token 
Ring,  and  V.35.  In  addition,  Clearfield’s  engineering  services  team  works  alongside  the  engineering  design  departments  of  our  OEM  customers  to  design  and  manufacturer 
custom solutions for both in-the-box as well as network connectivity assemblies specific to that customer’s product line.  

Marketing and Distribution  

Clearfield markets its products in the United States through a direct field sales force supported by an internal customer sales and support team.  This internal team works 
proactively with the outside sales force to maintain a high level of customer contact through regular communication of product availability, order processing and status along with 
and  delivery  information.  Clearfield  works  closely  with  its  target  customers  to  configure  the  Company’s  product  platform  to  the  client’s  unique  requirements.  Our  high  level  of 
customer service helps bring new products to markets with the design input from our customers and network of consulting engineering firms. To ensure we cover all markets we 
leverage our internal customer support team with a combination of manufacturer representative organizations  

Competition  

Competitors for the FieldSmart FDS and FSC product lines markets include, but are not limited to, ADC Telecommunications, Inc., Corning Cabling Systems, Inc., OFS 
(Furukawa Electric North America, Inc.), Telect Inc., Alcatel, Inc., and Tyco Electronics, Inc.  Nearly all of these firms are substantially larger than Clearfield and as a result may be 
able to procure pricing for necessary components and labor at much lower prices. Competition for the custom fiber and copper termination services for cable assemblies is intense. 
Competitors range from small, family-run businesses to very large contract manufacturing facilities. Clearfield believes that it has a competitive advantage with customers who can 
leverage the cost savings the Clearview cassette can provide and those who require quick-turn, high-performance customized products, and that it is at competitive disadvantage with 
customers who principally seek large volume commodity products.  

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Sources of Materials and Outsourced Labor  

Numerous  purchased  materials,  components,  and  labor  are  used  in  the  manufacturing  of  the  Company’s  products.  Most  of  these  are  readily  available  from  multiple 
suppliers.  However,  some  critical  components  and  outsourced  labor  are  purchased  from  a  single  or  a  limited  number  of  suppliers.  The  loss  of  access  to  some  components  and 
outsourced labor would have an adverse effect on our ability to deliver products on a timely basis and on our financial performance.  

Major Customers  

Two customers comprised approximately 23%, 18% and 23% of total sales for the periods ended September 30, 2008, September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007.  

Patents and Intellectual Property  

As of September 30, 2008, we had one patent pending in the United States and two pending patent applications inside and outside the United States.  

Backlog  

Backlog reflects purchase order commitments for our products received from customers that have yet to be fulfilled. Backlog orders are generally shipped within three 

months. The Company had backlogs of $1,865,629 as of September 30, 2008 and $1,396,000 as of September 30, 2007.  

Seasonality  

We are affected by the seasonal trends in the industries, we serve. We typically experience sequentially lower sales in our first and second fiscal quarter, primarily due to 
customer budget cycles, deployment schedules, some customer geographical concentrations as well as standard vacation and holiday calendars. Sales usually reach a seasonal peak 
in our third and fourth fiscal quarters.  

Research and Development  

We believe that the communication industry environment is constantly evolving and our success depends on our awareness of and our response to these changes.  Our 
focus is to analyze the environment and technology and work to develop products that simplify our customers’ lives by developing innovative high quality products utilizing modular 
design wherever possible. We believe our design and engineering teams are highly responsive and nimble. We have empowered this group to take calculated risks which result in our 
ability to bring products to market in a manner that we believe is faster than some of our larger competitors. Our financial resources are not unlimited so we make special effort to 
target areas where we see niche opportunities.  

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Employees  

As of September 30, 2008, the Company had 103 full-time and 9 temporary employees, mainly in Plymouth, MN. Our future performance is dependent on our ability to 
attract, train, and retain highly qualified personnel. We have no employment agreements with our employees. The loss of one or more key employees could negatively impact the 
Company. Our employees are not covered by collective bargaining agreements. We consider our employee relations to be favorable.  

 Regulation  

To  date,  our  compliance  with  foreign,  federal,  state  and  local  laws  and  regulations  that  have  been  enacted to  regulate  the  environment  has not had a material adverse 

effect on our capital expenditures, earnings, competitive or financial position.  

ITEM 1A.  

RISK FACTORS  

Risks Related to Our Business  

Recent turmoil in the credit markets and the financial services industry could negatively impact the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.  

Recently, the credit markets and the financial services industry have been experiencing a period of unprecedented turmoil and upheaval characterized by the bankruptcy, 
failure, collapse or sale of various financial institutions, an unprecedented level of intervention from the United States federal government and other foreign governments and tighter 
availability  of credit.  While the ultimate outcome  of these events cannot be  predicted, they could have a negative impact on our liquidity  and financial condition if our ability to 
borrow money to finance operations or obtain credit from trade creditors were to be impaired. In addition, the recent economic crisis could also adversely impact our customers’
ability to purchase or pay for products from us or our suppliers’ ability to provide us with product, either of which could negatively impact our business and results of operations.  

During economic downturns or a rising interest rate environment, the cyclical nature of our business could result in lower demand for our products and reduced revenue.  

Overall economic conditions and the purchasing practices of telecommunications buyers have a significant effect upon our businesses.  As a result, during downturns, we 
could operate with a lower level of backlog and may temporarily slow down or halt production for a period of time at our facility. Economic conditions that result in higher interest 
rates increase the  cost of  new leasing arrangements, which could  cause  some of our  customers  to reduce plans or demand extended terms. An economic downturn or increase  in 
interest rates may reduce demand, resulting in lower sales volumes, lower prices, and decreased profits or losses.  

Our financial performance and market value could cause future write-downs of goodwill in future periods.  

With the adoption of Statement of Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 142, Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangibles, goodwill is no longer amortized; however, we 
are required to perform an annual impairment review which could result in impairment write-downs to goodwill. If the carrying value is in excess of the fair value, the carrying value 
will be adjusted to fair value through an impairment charge. As of September 30, 2008, we had $2,570,511 of goodwill. Our stock price can impact the results of the impairment 
review of goodwill. The recent drop in our stock price could cause us to record an impairment of goodwill during 2009.  

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Our Results of Operations  

Unless we generate significant revenue growth, our expenses and negative cash flow will significantly harm our financial position.  

We have been profitable since the first quarter of fiscal year ended September 30, 2008.  However, we have operated at a loss since fiscal 1990 and as a consequence we 
have an accumulated deficit of $38.4 million. We anticipate  profitability for the foreseeable future; however we are  operating in turbulent and uncertain times and  we  may incur 
operating loses in the future.  Further, we may incur negative operating cash flow in the future. We have funded our operations primarily through the sale of equity securities and 
borrowings. We will need to demonstrate continued growth in revenues while containing costs and operating expenses if we are to achieve profitability.  

Our Products and Introduction of New Products  

We must introduce new products and product enhancements to increase revenue.  

The  successful  operation  of  our  business  depends  on  our  ability  to  anticipate  market  needs  and  develop  and  introduce  new  products  and  product  enhancements  that 
respond to technological changes or evolving industry standards on a timely and cost-effective basis. Our products are complex, and new products may take longer to develop than 
originally  anticipated.  These  products  may  contain  defects  or  have  unacceptable  manufacturing  yields  when  first  introduced  or  as  new  versions  are  released.  Our  products  could 
quickly become obsolete as new technologies are introduced or as other firms introduce lower cost alternatives. We must continue to develop leading-edge products and introduce 
them to the commercial market quickly in order to be successful. Our failure to produce technologically competitive products in a cost-effective manner and on a timely basis will 
seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

Our products may infringe on the intellectual property rights of others.  

Our products are sophisticated and rely on complicated manufacturing processes.  

We may make additional strategic changes in our product portfolio, but our strategic changes and restructuring programs may not yield the benefits that we expect.  

The impact of potential changes to our product portfolio and the effect of such changes on our business, operating results and financial condition, are unknown at this 
time.  If we acquire other businesses in our areas of strategic focus, assimilating these businesses and their products, services, technologies and personnel into our operations may be 
challenging.  These  difficulties  could disrupt our  ongoing business,  distract our  management  and  workforce,  increase our  expenses  and adversely  affect  our  operating  results  and 
financial condition.  In addition to these integration risks, if we acquire new businesses, we may not realize all of the anticipated benefits of these acquisitions, and we may not be 
able  to  retain  key  management,  technical  and  sales  personnel  after  an  acquisition.  Divestitures  or  elimination  of  existing  businesses  or  product  lines  could  also  have  disruptive 
effects and may cause us to incur material expenses.  

Manufacturing and Operations  

Our dependence on outside manufacturers may result in product delivery delays .  

We have increased our reliance on the use of contract manufacturers to assemble some of our products. If these contract manufacturers do not fulfill their obligations or if 

we do not properly manage these relationships, our existing customer relationships may suffer.  

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We may be required to rapidly increase our manufacturing capacity to deliver our products to our customers in a timely manner.  

We  have  limited  experience  in  rapidly  increasing  our  manufacturing  capacity  or  in  manufacturing  products  at  high  volumes.  If  demand  for  our  products  significantly 
increases,  we  may  be  required  to  hire,  train  and  manage  additional  manufacturing  personnel  and  improve  our  production  processes  in  order  to  increase  our  production  capacity. 
There are numerous risks associated with rapidly increasing capacity, including:  

●             Difficulties in achieving adequate yields from new manufacturing lines,  

●             Difficulty maintaining the precise manufacturing processes required by our products while increasing capacity,  

●             The inability to timely procure and install the necessary equipment, and  

●             Lack of availability of qualified manufacturing personnel.  

If  we  apply  our  capital  resources  to  expanding  our  manufacturing  capacity  in  anticipation  of  increased  customer  orders,  we  run  the  risk  that  the  projected  increase  in 

orders will not be realized. If anticipated levels of customer orders are not received, we will not be able to generate positive gross margins and profitability.  

We are dependent upon skilled employees; if we lose the services of our key personnel our ability to execute our operating plan, and our operating results, may suffer.  

Our future performance depends in part upon the continued service and contributions of key management, engineering, sales and marketing personnel, many of whom 
would be difficult to replace quickly. If we lose any of these key personnel, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected or delay the 
development or marketing of existing or future products.  Competition for these personnel is intense and we may not be able to retain or attract such personnel. Our success will 
depend in part upon our ability to attract and retain additional personnel with the highly specialized expertise necessary to generate revenue and to engineer, design and support our 
products and services.  

Markets and Market Conditions  

Demand for our products is subject to significant fluctuation. Adverse market conditions in the communications equipment industry and any slowdown in the United States economy 
may harm our financial condition.  

Demand for our products is dependent on several factors, including capital expenditures in the communications industry. Capital expenditures can be cyclical in nature 
and result in protracted periods of reduced demand for component parts. Similarly, periods of slow economic expansion or recession can result in periods of reduced demand for our 
products. Such periods of reduced demand will harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. Changes to the regulatory requirements of the telecommunications 
industry could also affect market conditions, which could also reduce demand for our products.  

Our industry is highly competitive and subject to pricing pressure.  

Competition in the communications equipment market is intense. We have experienced and anticipate experiencing increasing pricing pressures from current and future 
competitors  as  well  as  general  pricing  pressure  from  our  customers  as  part  of  their  cost  containment  efforts.   Many  of  our  competitors  have  more  extensive  engineering, 
manufacturing, marketing, financial and personnel resources than we do.  As a result, these competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and 
changes.  

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Declining average selling prices for our fiber optic products will require us to reduce production costs to effectively compete and market these products.  

Market pressure for lower prices for our category of products continues to be strong. We expect this trend to continue. To achieve profitability in this environment we 
must continually decrease our costs of production as well as improve the value proposition of the products we offer. In order to reduce our production costs, we will continue to 
pursue one or more of the following:  

●             seek lower cost suppliers of raw materials or components,  

●             work to further automate our assembly process,  

●             develop value-added solutions, and  

●             seek offshore sources for manufacturing and assembly services where appropriate.  

We will also seek to form strategic alliances with companies that can supply these services. Decreases in average selling prices also require that we increase unit sales to 
maintain or increase our revenue. There can be no guarantee that we will achieve these objectives. Our inability to decrease production costs or increase our unit sales could seriously 
harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

Our markets are characterized by rapid technological changes and evolving standards.  

The  markets  we  serve  are  characterized  by  rapid  technological  change,  frequent  new  product  introductions,  changes  in  customer  requirements  and  evolving  industry 
standards. In developing our products, we have made, and will continue to make, assumptions with respect to which standards will be adopted within our industry. If the standards 
that are actually adopted are different from those that we have chosen to support, our products may not achieve significant market acceptance.  

Conditions in global markets could affect our operations.  

We source key materials and products globally and as such are subject to the risks of conducting business internationally. Those risks include but are not limited to:  

●             local economic and market conditions,  

●             political and economic instability,  

●             fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates,  

●             tariffs and other barriers and restrictions,  

●             geopolitical and environmental risks; and  

●             changes in diplomatic or trade relationships and natural disasters.  

We cannot predict whether our business operations and reliance in these markets will be affected adversely by these conditions.  

Our profitability can be adversely affected due to increased raw material costs  

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Our manufacturing costs may be impacted by unanticipated increases in raw material costs during the time span between the cost quotes and actual procurement of raw 
materials.  The  impact  can  be  significant  for  purchase  orders  requiring  multiple  scheduled  deliveries.  Whereas  we  may  be  able  to  approach  some  of  the  customers  for  costs 
adjustments,  there  is  no  assurance  that  we  would  be  successful  in  obtaining  these  adjustments.  Failure  to  obtain  price  adjustments  would  result  in  decreased  profitability  and/or 
losses.  

Our inventory of raw material and supplies may incur significant obsolescence  

Our market demands rapid turn around from receipt of purchase orders to shipping of the products. We maintain significant inventory of raw materials and supplies to 
meet this demand resulting in risk of inventory obsolescence. Whereas we anticipate and make provisions for a reasonable fraction of inventory obsolescence, a significant higher 
level of obsolescence can adversely impact our profitability.  

Our Customers  

Our sales could be negatively impacted if one or more of our key customers substantially reduce orders for our products.  

If  we  lose  a  significant  customer,  our  sales  and  gross  margins  would  be  negatively  impacted.  In  addition,  the  loss  of  sales  may  require  us  to  record  impairment, 

restructuring charges or exit a particular business or product line.  

Consolidation among our customers could result in our losing a customer or experiencing a slowdown as integration takes place.  

It  is  likely  that  there  will  be  increased  consolidation  among  our  customers  in  order  for  them  to  increase  market  share  and  achieve  greater  economies  of 
scale.  Consolidation is likely to impact our business as our customers focus on integrating their operations and choosing their equipment vendors. After a consolidation occurs, there 
can be no assurance that we will continue to supply the surviving entity.  

Customer payment defaults could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.  

As  a  result  of  current  worldwide  financial  markets  and  competitive  conditions  in  the  telecommunications  market,  some  of  our  customers  may  experience  financial 
difficulties.   It is possible that customers from whom we expect to derive substantial revenue will default or that the level of defaults will increase. Any material payment defaults by 
our customers would have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.  

Performance Requirements and Performance of our Products  

Our products may have defects that are not detected before delivery to our customers.  

Some of the Company’s products are designed to be deployed in large and complex networks and must be compatible with other components of the system, both current 
and future. Our customers may discover errors or defects in our products only after they have been fully deployed. In addition, our products may not operate as expected over long 
periods of time. If we are unable to fix errors or other problems, we could lose customers, lose revenues, suffer damage to our brand and reputation, and lose our ability to attract 
new  customers or  achieve market  acceptance.  Each of these  factors would negatively impact cash  flow  and would seriously  harm our business, financial condition and  results of 
operations.  

Product defects could cause us to lose customers and revenue or to incur unexpected expenses.  

11 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
If our products do not meet our customers’ performance requirements, our customer relationships may suffer.  Also, our products may contain defects.  Any failure or 

poor performance of our products could result in:  

●             delayed market acceptance of our products.  

●             delays in product shipments.  

●             unexpected expenses and diversion of resources to replace defective products or identify the source of errors and correct them.  

●             damage to our reputation and our customer relationships.  

●             delayed recognition of sales or reduced sales; and  

●             product liability claims or other claims for damages that may be caused by any product defects or performance failures.  

Intellectual Property  

If we are unable to adequately protect our intellectual property, third parties may be able to use our technology, which could adversely affect our ability to compete in the market.  

We rely principally on trade secret protection for our confidential and proprietary information.  We have taken security measures to protect our proprietary information 
and trade secrets, but these measures may not provide adequate protection.  While we seek to protect our proprietary information by entering into confidentiality agreements with 
employees,  collaborators  and  consultants,  we  cannot  assure  you  that  our  proprietary  information  will  not  be  disclosed,  or  that  we  can  meaningfully  protect  our  trade  secrets.  In 
addition, our competitors may independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information or may otherwise gain access to our trade secrets.  

Intellectual property litigation could harm our business.  

It is possible that we may have to defend our intellectual property rights in the future.  In the event of an intellectual property dispute, we may be forced to litigate or 
otherwise defend our intellectual property assets.  Intellectual property litigation can be extremely expensive, and this expense, as well as the consequences should we not prevail, 
could seriously harm our business.  

If a third party claimed an intellectual property right to technology we use, we might be forced to discontinue an important product or product line, alter our products and 

processes, pay license fees or cease certain activities.  We may not be able to obtain a license to such intellectual property on favorable terms, if at all.  

Factors That May Affect Future Results  

12 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
The statements contained in this Report on Form 10-K that are not purely historical are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities 
Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including, without limitation, statements 
regarding the Company’s expectations, hopes, beliefs, anticipations, commitments, intentions and strategies regarding the future. Forward-looking statements include, but are not 
limited to, statements contained in “Item 1. Business” and “Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Actual results could 
differ from those projected in any forward-looking statements for the reasons, among others, detailed below. We believe that many of the risks detailed here are part of doing 
business in the industry in which we compete and will likely be present in all periods reported. The fact that certain risks are characteristic to the industry does not lessen the 
significance of the risk. The forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Report as Form 10-K and we assume no obligation to update the forward-looking statements 
or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements.  

13 

   
   
   
Executive Officers  

The following is a list of our executive officers, their ages, positions and offices as of September 30, 2008.  

Name  
Cheryl Beranek Podzimek  
Bruce G. Blackey  

Age  
45  
57  

Position  
Chief Executive Officer/President of Clearfield, Inc.  
Chief Financial Officer  

Cheryl Beranek Podzimek joined the Company in July 2003 as President of APACN. Ms. Podzimek was appointed CEO and President of Clearfield, Inc in June of 2007. 
Ms. Podzimek was previously President of Americable, which was acquired by APACN in June 2003. She served as President of Americable from 2002 to 2003. From 2001 to 2002 
Ms.  Podzimek  was  Chief  Operating  Officer  of  Americable.  Previously,  Ms.  Podzimek  held  a  variety  of  lead  marketing  positions  with  emerging  high-growth  technology 
companies.  She served as Vice President of Marketing from 1996-2001 at Transition Networks, a manufacturer of network connectivity products, Director of Marketing from 1992 
to  1996  at  Tricord  Systems,  an  early  stage  multi-processor  based  super  server  manufacturer,  and  Director  of  Marketing  from  1988  to  1992  at  Digi  International,  a  designer  and 
manufacturer  of  connectivity  products.  Earlier  in  her  career  Ms.  Podzimek  held  marketing  positions  for  non-profit  organizations,  including  the  City  of  Fargo,  the  Metropolitan 
Planning Commission of Fargo/Moorhead and North Dakota State University. Ms. Podzimek holds a Bachelor of Science Degree from Southwest Minnesota State University and a 
Masters of Science Degree from North Dakota State University.  

Bruce G. Blackey joined the Company in June of 2007 as Chief Financial Officer.  Mr. Blackey has extensive experience in finance and administration and has worked as 
an  independent  business  consultant  and  interim  CFO  from  2001  to  the  present  for  several  companies.  Mr.  Blackey  held  the  position  of  CFO  with  Tiro  Industries  a  contract 
manufacturing firm serving the cosmetic industry from 1997 to 2001. Prior to that he held the senior financial position with Conwed Plastics, a manufacturer of plastic netting from 
1988 to 1997. Mr. Blackey holds a Bachelors of Science degree in Business Administration and Accounting from the University of Minnesota business school, now known as the 
Carlson School of Management.  

ITEM 1B.  

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS  

None  

ITEM 2.  

PROPERTIES  

Clearfield  leases  a  30,000  square  foot  facility  at  5480  Nathan  Lane  North  in  Plymouth,  Minnesota  consisting  of  our  corporate  offices,  manufacturing  and  warehouse 

space.  

We own a 24,000 square foot production facility in Aberdeen, South Dakota, which is partially leased and occupied. (See Note M in the Financial Statements included in 

Item 8 of this Form 10-K.)  

On October 30, 2007 we purchased and immediately sold an industrial building at 2950 N.E. 84 th Lane, Blaine Minnesota that we leased from Jain-Olsen Properties as 
our former corporate offices. We exercised an option to buy the building in August 2007 as contained in our lease. (See Note M in the Financial Statements included in Item 8 this 
Form 10-K)  

14 

   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
ITEM 3.  

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  

None  

ITEM 4.  

SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS  

On February 27, 2008, the Company held its Annual Meeting of Shareholders.  At the meeting, the shareholders elected as directors Anil K. Jain (with 10,741,102 shares 
voting  for  and  208,855  withheld),  John  G.  Reddan  (with  10,820,648  shares  voting  for  and  129,309  withheld),  Ronald  G.  Roth  (with  10,839,148  shares  voting  for  and  110,809 
withheld), Stephen A. Zuckerman (with 9,147,896 shares voting for and 1,802,061 withheld), Cheryl B. Podzimek (with 10,812,102 shares voting for and 137,855 withheld) and 
Donald R. Hayward (with 10,826,402 shares voting for and 123,555 withheld)  

The shareholders also approved the amendment to the Stock Option Plan of 2007 to permit the addition of 750,000 share options to the plan (with 3,419,036 shares voting 

for; 960,717 against; 1,705,699 abstain and 4,864,505 broker non-vote).  

PART II  

ITEM 5.  

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  

Our  common  stock  is  traded  on  The  Nasdaq  Global  Market  under  the  symbol  “CLFD.”  The  following  table  sets  forth  the  quarterly  high  and  low  sales  prices  for  our 
common stock for each quarter of the past two fiscal years as reported by Nasdaq. There were approximately 318 holders of record of our common stock as of September 30, 2008.  

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2008  
Quarter ended December 31, 2007  
Quarter ended March 31, 2008  
Quarter ended June 30, 2008  
Quarter ended September 30, 2008  
Transition Period Ended September 30, 2007  
Quarter ended June 30, 2007  
Quarter ended September 30, 2007  
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2007  
Quarter ended June 30, 2006  
Quarter ended September 30, 2006  
Quarter ended December 31, 2006  
Quarter ended March 31, 2007  

High 
$1.19 
1.18 
1.87 
1.37 

High 
$1.48 
1.17 

High 
$2.23 
1.59 
1.56 
1.67 

Low 
$0.96 
0.82 
1.03 
1.01 

Low 
$1.12 
0.75 

Low 
$1.25 
1.21 
1.25 
1.21 

 We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock. We do not intend in the foreseeable future to pay cash dividends on our common stock.  

15 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
The following graph compares the cumulative 5-year total return attained by shareholders on Clearfield, Inc.'s common stock relative to the cumulative total returns of the 
NASDAQ Composite index and the NASDAQ Non-Financial index. The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock and in each of the indexes (with 
the reinvestment of all dividends) from 3/31/2003 to 9/30/2008.  

Clearfield, Inc.  
NASDAQ Composite  
NASDAQ Non-Financial  

3/03 

100.00 
100.00 
100.00 

3/04 

187.22 
150.82 
146.75 

3/05 

106.02 
152.84 
147.79 

3/06 

146.62 
187.61 
173.58 

3/07 

78.206 
214.25 
201.14 

3/08 

87.22 
160.53 
152.92 

The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.  

16 

   
 
   
  
   
   
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
ITEM 6.  

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA  

Not Required  

ITEM 7.  

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  

Change in Year End  

In June 2007, we elected to change our fiscal year end from March 31 to September 30. In view of this change, this Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of 
Financial Condition and Results of  Operations (“MD&A”) compares the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended September 30, 2008 with the most recently 
completed prior year which ended March 31, 2007.  We are also comparing the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended September 30, 2008 with the unaudited 
consolidated financial statements as of and for twelve months ended September 30, 2007. In addition we are comparing the transition period of six months ended September 30, 2007 
with the unaudited six months ended September 30, 2006. We have included summary information from the consolidated financial statements for the six months ended September 
30, 2006 in Note B to the consolidated financial statements.  

Throughout the MD&A, data for all periods except as of and for the twelve months ended September 30, 2007 and the six months ended September 30, 2006, are derived 
from  our  audited  consolidated  financial  statements,  which  appear  in  this  Report.  All  data  as  of  and  for  the  twelve  months  ended  September  30,  2007  and  six  months  ended 
September 30, 2006, are derived from our unaudited financial statements, which are presented elsewhere in this Report.  

General  

The  Company  focuses  on  highly  configurable  products  for  telecommunications  customers,  primarily  related  to  cabling  management  requirements  of  the  FTTH 
marketplace  and  the  design,  manufacture,  distribution,  and  marketing  of  a  variety  of  fiber  optics  and  copper  components  to  the  data  communication  and  telecommunication 
industries.  The  Companies  primary  manufactured  products  include  standard  and  custom  fiber  optic  cable  assemblies,  copper  cable  assemblies,  OSP  cabinets,  value–added  fiber 
optics frames, panels and modules.  

Application of Critical Accounting Policies  

In  preparing  our  consolidated  financial  statements,  we  make  estimates,  assumptions  and  judgments  that  can  have  a  significant  impact  on  our  revenues,  loss  from 
operations and net loss, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. We believe that there are several accounting policies that are critical 
to an understanding of our historical and future performance, as these policies affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses and significant estimates and judgments applied by 
management. While there are a number of accounting policies, methods and estimates affecting our consolidated financial statements, areas that are particularly significant include:  

●   Stock option accounting;  

●     Accounting for income taxes; and  

●     Valuation and evaluating impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill.  

17 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
Stock Option Accounting  

We  adopted  Statement  of  Financial  Accounting  Standards  No.  123—revised  2004  (“SFAS  123R”),  “Share-Based  Payment,”  using  the  modified  prospective  transition 
method, which requires the application of the accounting standard as of April 1, 2006, the first day of our fiscal year 2007. Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the 
twelve months ended March 31, 2007 reflect the impact of SFAS 123R. The compensation expense impacted both basic and diluted loss per share by less than $0.01 for the year 
ended  September  30,  2008  and  the  six  months  ended  September  30,  2007  and  the  twelve  months  ended  March  31,  2007.  The  Company  recorded  related  compensation  expense 
of   $50,052, $18,477 and $50,363 respectively for the twelve months ended September 30, 2008, the six months ended September 30, 2007 and the twelve months ended March 31, 
2007.  

As  of  September  30,  2008,  $86,630  of  total  unrecognized  compensation  expense  related  to  non-vested  awards  is  expected  to  be  recognized  over  a  weighted  average 
period of approximately 3.46 years. In accordance with the modified prospective transition method, our consolidated financial statements for prior periods have not been restated and 
do not include the impact of compensation expense calculated under SFAS 123R.  

For purposes of determining estimated fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant under SFAS 123(R), the Company used the Black-Scholes Model. 
The  Black-Scholes  Model  requires  the  input  of  certain  assumptions  that  require  subjective  judgment.  Because  employee  stock  options  have  characteristics  significantly  different 
from  those  of  traded  options,  and  because  changes  in  the  input  assumptions  can  materially  affect  the  fair  value  estimate,  the  existing  models  may  not  provide  a  reliable  single 
measure of the fair value of the employee stock options. Management will continue to assess the assumptions and methodologies used to calculate estimated fair value of stock-based 
compensation. Circumstances may change and additional data may become available over time, which could result in changes to these assumptions and methodologies and thereby 
materially impact our fair value determination.  

Accounting for Income Taxes  

As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income tax liability in each of the jurisdictions in which we do 
business.  This  process  involves  estimating  our  actual  current  tax  expense  together  with  assessing  temporary  differences  resulting  from  differing  treatment  of  items  for  tax  and 
accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. We must then assess the likelihood that these deferred tax assets will be recovered from future 
taxable income and, to the extent we believe that recovery is not more likely than not or unknown, we must establish a valuation allowance.  

Management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our 
deferred tax assets. At September 30, 2008, we have recorded a full valuation allowance of approximately $13,145,000 against our deferred tax assets, due to uncertainties related to 
our  ability  to  utilize  our  deferred  tax  assets,  consisting  principally  of  certain  net  operating  losses  carried  forward.  The  valuation  allowance  is  based  on  our  estimates  of  taxable 
income by jurisdiction and the period over which our deferred tax assets will be recoverable. The Company had U.S. federal and state net operating loss (NOL) carry forwards of 
approximately $32,710,000  which  expire in fiscal  years  2009 to 2027. To date  the  Company has  not  completed a  “Section  382” analysis.  If certain ownership  changes  occurred 
under Internal Revenue Code Section 382, there may be further limitations on the usage of the net operating loss carry forwards.  

Realization of the NOL carry forwards and other deferred tax temporary differences are contingent on future taxable earnings. The deferred tax asset was reviewed for 
expected  utilization  using  a  “more  likely  than  not”  approach  as  required  by  SFAS No. 109,  “Accounting  for  Income  Taxes,”  by  assessing  the  available  positive  and  negative 
evidence surrounding its recoverability.  

18 

   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
We  will  continue  to  assess  and  evaluate  strategies  that  will  enable  the  deferred  tax  asset,  or  portion  thereof,  to  be  utilized,  and  will  reduce  the  valuation  allowance 

appropriately at such time when it is determined that the “more likely than not” approach is satisfied.  

During  the  fiscal  year  ended  September  30,  2008,  the  Company  recorded  a  deferred  income  tax  expense  of  $88,985  for  the  book  and  income  tax  basis  difference  in 

goodwill on acquisitions.  

In  June  2006,  the  Financial  Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”)  issued  Interpretation  No. 48,  “Accounting  for Uncertainty  in Income  Taxes”  -  an interpretation of 
FASB  Statement  No.  109,  “Accounting  for  Income  Taxes”  (“FIN  48”),  which  clarifies  the  accounting  for  income  tax  provisions.  FIN  48  prescribes  a  recognition  threshold  and 
measurement attribute for recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation requires that the Company recognize in the 
financial  statements  the  impact  of  a  tax  position.  Recognition  is  allowed  if the  tax  position  is  more  likely  than not  to  be  sustained  on  audit,  based  on  the  technical  merits of  the 
position.  FIN  48  also  provides  guidance  on  derecognition,  classification,  interest  and  penalties,  accounting  in  interim  periods  and  disclosure.  The  provisions  of  FIN  48  became 
effective for the Company on April 1, 2007. The adoption of this statement did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position or results of operations.  

Valuation and evaluating impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill  

The Company records the excess of purchase cost over the fair value of net tangible assets of acquired companies as goodwill or other identifiable intangible assets. In 
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 142 "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," in the last quarter of each year, or as an event occurs or 
circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount, the Company completes the impairment testing of goodwill 
primarily utilizing a discounted cash flow method.  

Determining market values using a discounted cash flow method requires the Company to make significant estimates and assumptions, including long-term projections of 
cash  flows,  market  conditions  and  appropriate  discount  rates.  The  Company's  judgments  are  based  on  historical  experience,  current  market  trends,  consultations  with  external 
valuation specialists and other information. While the Company believes that the estimates and assumptions underlying the valuation methodology are reasonable, different estimates 
and assumptions could result in a different outcome. The Company generally develops these forecasts based on recent sales data for existing products, planned timing of new product 
launches, and estimated expansion of the FTP market.  

If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the Company measures the possible goodwill impairment loss based on an allocation of the estimate of 
fair value of the reporting unit to all of the underlying assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, including any previously unrecognized intangible assets. The excess of the fair value 
of a reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that a reporting unit's 
recorded goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill. This test for the period ended September 30, 2008 resulted in no change to goodwill from the prior period.  The test for 
fiscal  year  ended  March  31,  2007  indicated  that  goodwill  related  to  APACN  was  impaired.  Accordingly,  the  Company  recognized  a  non-cash,  pre-tax  impairment  charge  of 
$852,000 ($519,717, after tax) in the quarter ended March 31, 2007.  

19 

   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
The  Company  evaluates  the  recoverability  of  its  long  lived  assets  in  accordance  with  SFAS  144,  “Accounting  for  the  Impairment  or  Disposal  of  Long-Lived 
Assets.”  SFAS 144 required recognition of impairment of long lived assets in the event that events or circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred and when the net 
book  value  of  such  assets  exceeds  the  future  undiscounted  cash  flow  attributed  to  such  assets.  We  assess  the  impairment  of  long  lived  assets  whenever  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances  indicate  that  that  the  carrying  value  may  not  be  recoverable.  No  impairment  of  long-lived  assets  has  occurred  during  the  periods  ended  September  30,  2008, 
September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007, respectively.  

New Accounting Pronouncements  

In May 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. SFAS No. 
162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and provides entities with a framework for selecting the principles used in preparation of financial statements that are presented in 
conformity with GAAP. The current GAAP hierarchy has been criticized because it is directed to the auditor rather than the entity, it is complex, and it ranks FASB Statements of 
Financial Accounting Concepts, which are subject to the same level of due process as FASB Statements of Financial Accounting Standards, below industry practices that are widely 
recognized  as  generally  accepted  but  that  are  not  subject  to  due  process.  The  Board  believes  the  GAAP  hierarchy  should  be  directed  to  entities  because  it  is  the  entity  (not  its 
auditors) that is responsible for selecting accounting principles for financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. The adoption of FASB 162 is not expected to 
have a material impact on the Company's financial position.  

On  February 15,  2007,  the  FASB  issued  Statement  of  Financial  Accounting  Standards  (SFAS)  No. 159,  The  Fair  Value  Option  for  Financial  Assets  and  Financial 
Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB No. 115. This standard permits an entity to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The 
fair value option established by SFAS No. 159 permits all entities to choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal 
years  beginning  after  November 15,  2007.  The  Company  is  currently  evaluating  the  impact  this  pronouncement  will  have  on  its  consolidated  financial  position  or  results  of 
operations.  

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements . SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and 
expands disclosures about fair value measurement but does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years 
beginning  after November 15, 2007 and interim periods  within  those fiscal years.  However  on February  12,  2008, the FASB  issued proposed FSP  FAS 157-2  which delayed the 
effective date of SFAS 157 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring 
basis (at least annually). This FSP partially defers the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years for 
items within the scope of this FSP.  We will adopt SFAS 157, except as it applies to those nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities as noted in proposed FSP FAS 157-2, on 
October 1, 2008 and do not believe  the impact of this pronouncement will be material to our consolidated financial position or results of operations.  

On December 4, 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised 2007), Business Combinations . SFAS  No. 141R will significantly change the accounting for business 
combinations. Under SFAS 141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition-date fair value 
with  limited  exceptions.  SFAS  No.  141R  will  change  the  accounting  treatment  for  certain  specific  items.  SFAS  No.  141R  also  includes  a  substantial  number  of  new  disclosure 
requirements.  SFAS  No.  141R  applies  prospectively  to  business  combinations  for  which  the  acquisition  date  is  on  or  after  the  beginning  of  the  first  annual  reporting  period 
beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. This statement will only have an impact if we execute applicable transactions after the effective date.  

20 

   
   
 
 
 
 
 
On  December 4, 2007, the FASB  issued  FASB Statement  No. 160,  Noncontrolling Interests  in  Consolidated Financial Statements  – An  Amendment of  ARB  No. 51. 
Statement  160  establishes  new  accounting  and  reporting  standards  for  the noncontrolling  interest  in  a subsidiary  and  for  the  deconsolidation  of  a  subsidiary. SFAS  No.  160  also 
includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its noncontrolling interest. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods with 
those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited. This statement will only have an impact if we execute applicable transactions after the 
effective date.  

Contractual Obligations  

Our contractual obligations and commitments are summarized in the table below (in 000’s):  

Long-term debt (1)  
Operating leases  

Total Contractual Cash  

Obligations  

Total  

Less than  
1 Year  

1-3 years  

4-5 years  

After  
5 years  

102   
1,232   

  $ 

  $ 

68   
227   

  $ 

34   
471   

  $ 

0   
491   

1,334   

  $ 

295   

  $ 

505   

  $ 

491   

  $ 

0   
43   

43   

  $ 

  $ 

(1)  Includes fixed interest ranging from 6.2% to 8.45%.  

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Results of Operations  

Year ended September 30, 2008 compared to year ended March 31, 2007  

Revenues  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  2008  increased  28%  to  $23,494,000  from  revenue  of  $18,363,000  in  2007.  This  increase  is  attributable  to  the  acceptance  of  the 

Company’s products, the introduction and acceptance of the Fieldsmart fiber management product line and engineering-led design services within the FTTH market.  

Revenue  to  broadband  service  providers  and  commercial  data  networks  amounted  to  $18,359,000  or  78%  of  revenue  compared  to  $13,941,000  or  76%  of  sales  in 
2007.  Sales to OEMs, consisting primarily of fiber optic and copper cable assemblies produced to customer design specifications, were 22% of revenue or $ 5,134,000 compared to 
$4,422,000 or 24% of sales in 2007.  

Gross margin increased from 29% in 2007 to 33% in 2008 resulting in a gross profit of $7,852,000 in 2008 as compared to $5,265,000 in 2007, an increase of $2,587,000 
or 50%. The 6% increase in gross margin is attributable to product mix and the introduction of the Fieldsmart management product line, and the results of on-going programs to 
reduce the cost of products through a combination of new product introduction, process improvement, global sourcing of components and outside manufacturing.  

There were no research and development expenses for the on-going business.  

S G &A increased 2% or $163,000 from $6,692,000 for 2007 to $6,855,000 for 2008. However in 2007 the Company recognized the severance agreement to former chief 
executive officer of the Company, Dr. Anil Jain, in the amount of $397,000 and a goodwill impairment of $852,000. Adjusting the 2007 S G & A to reflect these items would have 
resulted  in S G & A of $5,443,000 and  the comparative increase in expense would be $1,412,000 or an increase of  26%.  This increase reflects a significant investment in sales, 
marketing, product management, product engineering and performance-based compensation that contributed to increased sales and profitability.  

In  2007  the  Company  incurred  a  goodwill  impairment  charge  of  $852,000  ($519,717  after  tax)     to  properly  reflect  the  carrying  value  of  the  assets  associated  with 

APACN, a wholly owned subsidiary.  No such impairment was recorded in 2008.  

Income  from  operations  for  2008  was  $997,000  compared  to  a  loss  of  $1,427,000  for  2007,.an  improvement  of  $2,424,000.  This  change  is  attributable  to  increased 

revenue and increased gross margin. Adjusting for the goodwill impairment of $852,000 in 2007, the increase in income would have been $1,572,000.  

Interest income in 2008 declined 30% from $379,000 in 2007 to $268,000 in 2008.  This is attributable to declining interest rates from the two periods and a reduction in 

cash available for investing during the same period.  

Interest  expense  decreased  from  $49,000  in  2007  to  $11,000  in  2008.  The  2008  interest  is  attributable  to  financing  associated  with  the  enterprise  information  system 
installed during 2007 and 2008. The 2007 interest is related to bonds held by the South Dakota Economic Development and Finance Authority that was paid off in October of 2006.  

Other  income  consists  of  $55,000  of  lease  income  on  the  Company’s  Aberdeen  facility  which  was  rented  beginning  in  October  2007.  The  building  was  vacant  and 

generated no income in the prior year.  

22 

   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Income taxes for 2008 were $93,003, of which 89,203 is directly related to taxes on goodwill. The balance was paid to various states for income, sales and use taxes. In 

2007 taxes were recorded as income of $237,000 most of which were related to the tax effect of the goodwill impairment.  

Net income from continuing operations for 2008 were $1,217,000 or $0.10 per diluted share compared to a loss of $838,000 or $0.07 per diluted share.  

Net  income  from  discontinued  operations  for  2008  were  $297,000  or  $0.02  per  diluted  share  compared  to  a  loss  of  $1,309,000  or  $0.11  per  diluted  share.  The  2008 
income  consisted  of  the  reversal  of  a  portion  of  the  Blaine  building  lease  termination  accrual,  totaling  $362,000  and  expenses  of  $65,000  associated  with  the  sale  of  the  Blain 
Building.  

The Company’s net income was $1,514,000 or $0.13 per diluted share for the year 2008 compared to a loss of $2,147,000 or $0.18 per share for the year 2007.  This is a 

net change of $3,661,000.  

Twelve months ended September 30, 2008 Compared to twelve months ended September 30, 2007  

Condensed Statement of Operations  

Revenues  
Gross Profit  
SG&A  
Income (loss) from operations  
Net income (loss) before taxes  
Income taxes  
Net income (loss) from continuing operations  
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations  
Net income (loss)  

Net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted):  

Continuing operations  
Discontinued operations  
Total  

Year ended  
September 30,        
2008  

Twelve months  
ended  
September 30,     
2007  
(Unaudited)  

23,493,796   
7,851,835   
6,854,934   
997,000   
1,310,124   
93,303   
1,216,821   
297,439   
1,514,260   

  $ 

  $ 

18,697,245   
5,572,995   
7,407,038   
(1,834,000 ) 
(1,540,501 ) 
(229,103 ) 
(1,311,398 ) 
(1,613,900 ) 
(2,925,298 ) 

0.10   
0.03   
0.13   

  $ 

  $ 

(0.11 ) 
(0.14 ) 
(0.25 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Revenues for the fiscal year ended 2008 increased 26% to $23,494,000 from revenue of $18,697,000 in 2007.  This increase is attributable to the continued acceptance of 
the Company’s products the introduction and acceptance of the Fieldsmart fiber management product line and engineering-led design services within the FTTH market.  Revenue to 
broadband  service  providers  and  commercial  data  networks  amounted  to  $18,359,000  or  78%  of  revenue  compared  to  $13,941,000  or  76%  of  sales  in  2007.  Sales  to  OEMs 
consisting primarily of fiber optic and copper cable assemblies produced to customer design specifications were 22% of revenue or $5,135,000 compared to $4,422,000 or 24% of 
sales in 2007.  

Gross margin increased from 30% in 2007 to 33% in 2008 resulting in a gross profit of $7,852,000 in 2008 as compared to $5,573,000 in 2007, an increase of $2,279,000 
or 41%. This 3% increase in gross margin is attributable to product mix and the introduction of the Fieldsmart management product line, and the results of on-going programs to 
reduce the cost of products through a combination of new product introduction, process improvement, global sourcing of components and outside manufacturing.  

23 

   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
    
     
          
    
    
    
There have been no research and development expenses for the on-going business.  

S G &A increased 4% or $286,000 from $6,569,000 for 2007 to $6,855,000 for 2008. However in 2007 the Company recognized the severance agreement to former chief 
executive officer of the Company, Dr. Anil Jain, in the amount of $397,000. Adjusting the 2007 S G & A to reflect the Jain severance would have resulted in S G & A of $6,172,000 
and  the  comparative  increase  in  expense  would  be  $683,000  or  an  increase  of  11%.  This  increase  is  an  investment  in  sales,  marketing  and  product  management  and  product 
engineering and performance based compensation which has contributed to the increase sales.  

In  2007  the  Company  incurred  a  goodwill  impairment  charge  of  $852,000  ($519,717,  after  tax)     to  properly  reflect  the  carrying  value  of  the  assets  associated  with 

APACN a wholly owned subsidiary.  No such impairment was recorded in 2008.  

Gain on disposal of assets in 2007 were $13,000: none were incurred in 2008.  

Income from operations for 2008 was $997,000 compared to a loss of $1,834,000 for 2007, an improvement of $2,831,000.  This change is attributable to the increased 

revenues and overall increased margins. Adjusting for the goodwill impairment of $852,000 in 2007, the increase in income would have been $1,979,000.  

Interest  income  in  2008  declined  19%  from  $332,000  in  2007  to  $268,000  in  2008.  This  is  attributable  to  declining  interest  rates  from  the  two  periods  and  a  modest 

reduction in cash available for investing during the same period.  

Interest expense for 2008 increased slightly from $8,000 to $11,000 this is all attributable to financing associated with the enterprise information system installed during 

2007 and 2008.  

Other  income  consists  of  $55,000  of  lease  income  on  the  Company’s  Aberdeen  facility  which  was  rented  beginning  in  October  2007.  The  building  was  vacant  and 

generated no income in the prior year.  

Income taxes for 2008 were $93,003, of which 89,203 is directly related to taxes on goodwill. The balance was paid to various states for income, sales and use taxes. In 

2007 taxes were recorded as income of $31,000 of which $22,000 were related to the effect of the goodwill impairment.  

Net income from continuing operations for 2008 were $1,217,000 or $0.10 per diluted share compared to a loss of $1,311,000 or $0.11 per diluted share.  

Net income from discontinued operations for 2008 were $297,000 or $0.02 per diluted share compared to a loss of $1,614,000 or $0.14 per diluted share. Income for 2008 
was comprised of the reversal of the balance of the Blaine lease termination accrual of $362,000 and the loss on the sale of the building and costs associated with the sale totaling 
$70,000 and $6,000 of miscellaneous expenses. The net loss for the prior year consisted of a gain of $265,000 on the sale of the Blaine lot, a net loss on the sale of India and its 
operations totaling $255,000, the lease accrual for the Blaine building of $501,000 and fixed asset and inventory write downs totaling $309,000. In addition the costs associated with 
the  discontinuance  of  the  Optics  business  were  severance  costs  of  $78,000,  depreciation  of  $115,000,  facility  costs  of  $80,000,  and  Optics  operating  costs  for  the  year  totaling 
$537,000.  

The Company’s net income was $1,514,000 or $0.13 per diluted share for the year 2008 compared to a loss of $2,925,000 or $0.25 per share for the year 2007.  This is a 

net change of $4,440,000.  

24 

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
Six months ended September 30, 2007 compared to six months ended September 30, 2006  

Revenues  for  the  six  months  ended  September  30,  2007  increased  3%  to  $10,297,000  from  sales  of  $9,963,000  for  the  comparable  six  month  period  in  2006.  This 
increase is attributable to the continued acceptance of the Company’s products within the FTTH market resulting from increased sales and marketing activities during the six months 
ended September 30, 2007.  Sales to broadband service providers and commercial data networks, include custom fiber distribution systems, associated cable assemblies and optical 
components, were $7,672,000 or 75% of revenue. Sales to OEMs, consisting primarily of fiber optic and copper cable assemblies produced to customer design specifications, were 
$2,625,000, or 25% of revenue. This compares to 76% for broadband and commercial data networks and 24% for OEMs in the prior comparable period for 2006.  

Gross profit for the six months ended September 30, 2007 was $3,218,000, or 31% of revenues, compared to $2,910,000, or 29% of revenues, in 2006. The increase of 
$308,000 or 11% over the prior year is attributable to product mix and the results of the continuing improvement in ongoing programs to reduce product costs through a combination 
of aggressive product re-design, process improvement and global sourcing of components and outside manufacturing.  

There have been no research and development expenses for the on-going business.  

S G & A expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2007 were $3,685,000 compared to $2,954,000 for the comparable period in 2006. The increase of $731,000 is 
the result of two factors: a significant investment in sales and marketing and the recognition of the severance agreement to Dr. Anil Jain, in the amount of $397,000 recorded in the 
first quarter of the transition period.  

Gains on disposal of assets were $13,079 in fiscal year ending September 30, 2007 as compared to losses of $2,162 in the comparable period for prior year 2006.  

Loss from operations was $376,000 in 2007 compared to income of $98,000 in 2006. This is a direct reflection of the change in operating expenses of which is primarily 
attributable  to  a  one  time  severance  accrual  for  Dr.  Anil  Jain,  in  the  amount  of  $397,000  in  2007.  Excluding  this  one  time  expense,  the  operating  loss  would  have  been 
approximately $21,000.  

Interest income for 2007 declined $47,000 to $168,000 from $215,000 for the comparable period for 2006. This is attributable primarily to lower interest rates in the 2007 

period.  

Interest  expense  for  2007  declined  to  $7,000  from  $49,000  for  2006.  This  reflects  the  payoff  of  the  Aberdeen  loan.  In  2007  other  expense  of  $31,000  reflected  an 
adjustment to the cash surrender value of a life insurance policy on Dr. Anil Jain. In the comparable period for 2006 income of $21,000 resulted from short term rental of warehouse 
space.  

Income taxes of $52,000 for 2007 increased $9,000 from $43,000 for 2006. Income taxes are predominantly related to timing differences related to goodwill.  

Net loss from continuing operations, before taxes, was $376,000 in 2007, or $.03, per diluted share compared to income of $98,000 in 2006, or $.01 per share. Again, 

excluding the one-time severance accrual of $397,000, amounting to $.03 per diluted share, the Company would have recorded income of $21,000, before taxes.  

Discontinued operations amounted to a loss of $915,000 for 2007 and $610,000 for the comparable period in 2006. The Company ceased all remaining operations related 
to  the  Optronics  segment  in  June  of  2007.  Substantially  all  employees  related  to  the  Optronics  segment  were  terminated  prior  to  June  30,  2007.  The  loss  from  discontinued 
operations was comprised of the following for 2007:  

25 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    Blaine land was sold for  $325,000 at a gain of $265,000  
•     

•              APA India was sold at a loss of $126,566  

•               APA India incurred an operating loss of $64,780  

    Closure of Optronics resulted in recognition as a current expense all future lease payments on the Blaine facility of $418,044. In addition, other Optronics cost related to 
•     
discontinuation were the write off of all remaining inventory at $109,871 the write down of fixed assets of $233,383, severance costs of $78,109 and general operating 
expenses of $149,067.  

In 2006 the loss from discontinued operations related exclusively to the operations of the Optronics segment and the consolidated operations of the India operation.  

The Company’s net loss amounted to $1,290,000 or $.11 per share for 2007. This is in comparison to a loss of $512,000 or $.04 per share in the comparable period in 

2006. This was an increase of $778,000 over the comparable period.  

Liquidity and Capital Resources  

As of September 30 2008, our principal source of liquidity was our cash and cash equivalents. Those sources total $4,334,000, compared to $6,130,000 at September 30, 
2007  respectively.  Our  cash  is  invested  in  money  market  accounts.  In  2007  we  recognized  our  auction  rate  securities  as  current  assets.  We  believe  we  have  sufficient  funds  for 
operations for at least the next twelve months.  

Operating Activities  

Net cash  generated for  the  twelve  months ended September  30,  2008  totaled  $2,024,000. This was primarily due to our net income  of $1,514,000 and  depreciation of 
$498,000,  deferred  taxes  of  $89,000,  stock  based  compensation  of  $129,000  and an increase in accounts  payable  of  $687,000.  This  was  offset  by  non-cash  charges  for the  lease 
termination of $362,000 and an increase in inventories and accounts receivable of $493,000 and $115,000, respectively.  

Net cash consumed by operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2007 totaled $902,000. This was due primarily to our net loss from operations for the 
period of $1,290,000 and an increase in both accounts receivable of $629,000 and inventory of $266,000. This was offset by non-cash charges for depreciation of $214,000, a loss on 
sale of assets $126,000, a severance accrual for Anil Jain of $360,000 and an accrual for the lease termination of $376,000.  

Net cash consumed by operating activities for the twelve months ended March 31, 2007, totaled $1,351,000. This was due primarily to the net loss from operations for the 
period of $2,147,000 and reducing our accounts payable and accrued expenses by $361,000 and prepaid expenses by $135,000 and sale of assets $433,433. This was offset by non 
cash items; depreciation of $651,000, a goodwill impairment charge of $852,000 and a reduction in inventory of $347,000. Deferred income taxes of $243,000 were an application of 
working capital although non-cash.  

Investing Activities  

For the twelve months ended September 30, 2008 we purchase $1,904,000 of property plant and equipment; of that approximately $1,500,000 was for the purchase of the 
Blaine  building  (Note  M)  which  was  subsequently  sold.  During  this  same  period  we  made  a  significant  investment  in  our  IT  structure  and  manufacturing  equipment  totaling 
$404,000.  The proceeds from the sale of assets amounted to $1,452,000 of which the Blaine building was the major portion at $1,450,000. During the same period we purchased 
$3,675,000 and sold $3,200,000 of available for sale securities. The net result is a net increase in cash from investing activities of $927,000.  For the year 2009 we do not anticipate 
selling  any  significant  fixed  assets.  The  Company  will  continue  to  invest  in  the  necessary  and  appropriate  manufacturing  equipment  to  help  maintain  a  competitive  position  in 
manufacturing capability.  

26 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
        
        
For the six months ended September 30, 2007, we recovered $514,000 from the sale of assets most of which were associated with discontinued operations. During the 
same period we purchased $2,350,000 and sold $4,975,000 of available for sale securities. This reduced our position in available for sale securities by $2,625,000. These funds were 
reinvested in money market accounts. During this same period we made a significant investment in our IT structure along with manufacturing equipment totaling $232,000 resulting 
in a net increase in cash from investing activities. For the year 2008 we do not anticipate selling any significant fixed assets. The Company will continue to invest in the necessary 
and appropriate manufacturing equipment to help maintain a competitive position in manufacturing capability.  

In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, we netted approximately $2,770,000 in positive cash flow from investing activities. Investments in property and equipment of 
$581,000  including  a  new  enterprise  IT  system  and  continued  facility  construction  in  India  were  offset  in-part  by  $627,000  cash  received  from  the  sales  of  patents  and  excess 
equipment largely in our Optronics division. During the same period we purchased $17,300,000 and sold $20,025,000 of available for sale securities. This reduced our position in 
available for sale securities by $2,725,000 and these funds were reinvested in money market accounts.  

Financing Activities  

For the twelve months ended September 30, 2008 we used a net of $68,000 to make scheduled debt principal payments principally associated with the financing of our IT 

systems.  

For the six months ended September 30, 2007 we used a net of $34,000 to make scheduled debt principal payments.  

In the year ended March 31, 2007 we used a net $873,000 in financing activities that was applied primarily towards the payment of long-term debt relating to our facility 

in Aberdeen, South Dakota.  

The Company believes that its current cash and cash equivalents and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet its working capital and investment requirements 
for the next 12 months. However, future growth, including potential acquisitions, may require the Company to raise capital through additional equity or debt financing. There can be 
no assurance that any such financing would be available on commercially acceptable terms.  

As outlined in Note O to the consolidated financial statements, our available for sale securities, which consisted of Auction Rate Securities, were purchased by our broker, 

Credit Suisse, for par value in October 2008 resulting in proceeds of $3.3 million which has been invested in cash equivalents providing additional working capital.  

27 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
ITEM 7A.  

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our cash equivalents. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary 
or resale markets to ensure liquidity. We have no investments denominated in foreign country currencies and, therefore, our investments are not subject to foreign exchange risk. See 
“Cash and Equivalents” under Note A of the Consolidated Financial Statements.  

ITEM 8.  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  

Quarterly Results of Operations. The following tables present our unaudited quarterly operating results for the eight quarters ended September 30, 2008:  

Statement of Operations Data  
Net revenue  
Gross profit  
Net loss  
Net income (loss) loss per share, basic and diluted  

Statement of Operations Data  
Net revenue  
Gross profit  
Net income (loss)  
Net income (loss) per share, basic and diluted  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Quarter Ended  

December 31,  
2006  

March 31,  
2007 (1)  

June 30,  
2007  

September 30,  
 2007  

4,504,508   
1,355,193   
(429,368 ) 
(0.04 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

3,896,057   
1,000,145   
(1,205,491 ) 
(0.10 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

4,907,046   
1,450,145   
(1,409,939 ) 
(0.12 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

5,389,634   
1,767,512   
119,500   
0.01   

December 31,  
2007  

March 31,  
2008  

June 30,  
2008  

September 30,  
2008  

Quarter Ended  

4,697,440   
1,449,471   
395,368   
0.03   

  $ 

  $  

5,442,493   
1,765,564   
115,338   
0.01   

  $ 

  $ 

6,165,379   
2,107,819   
248,894   
0.02   

  $ 

  $ 

7,188,484   
2,528,981   
754,660   
0.06   

(1)     During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2007, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $852,000 ($519,717 after tax).  

28 

   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
     
        
        
        
  
  
  
     
     
     
  
     
        
        
        
  
  
     
        
        
        
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
          
    
  
     
          
          
          
    
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
  
     
          
          
          
    
  
     
          
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM  

Board of Directors and Shareholders  
Clearfield, Inc.  

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Clearfield, Inc. and subsidiaries as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of 
operations,  shareholders’  equity  and  cash  flows  for  the  year  ended  September 30,  2008,  the  six  months  ended  September 30,  2007  and  the  year  ended  March 31,  2007.  These 
consolidated  financial  statements  and  financial  statement  schedule  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  these 
consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.  

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to 
perform,  an  audit  of  its  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Our  audit  included  consideration  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  a  basis  for  designing  audit 
procedures  that  are  appropriate  in  the  circumstances,  but  not  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, 
assessing  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  financial  statement  presentation.  We  believe  that  our 
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.  

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Clearfield, Inc. and subsidiaries as 
of September 30, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended September 30, 2008, the six months ended September 30, 2007 
and the year ended March 31, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Also in our opinion, the related financial statement 
schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects, the information set forth therein.  

/s/ Grant Thornton LLP 

Minneapolis, Minnesota  
December 22, 2008  

29 

   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION  
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Current Assets  

Cash and cash equivalents  
Available for sale securities  
Accounts receivable, net  
Inventories  
Other current assets  

Total current assets  

Property plant and equipment, net  
Other Assets  

Available for sale securities  
Goodwill  
Other  
Notes receivable  

Total other assets  
     Total Assets  

Current Liabilities  

Current maturities of long term debt  
Accounts payable  
Accrued compensation  
Accrued expenses  
Current liabilities of discontinued operations  

Total current liabilities  

CLEARFIELD, INC.  
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS  

Assets  

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity  

Long term debt, net of current maturities  
Deferred rent  
Deferred income taxes  
Other long term liabilities  
Long term obligations of discontinued operations  

Total Liabilities  

Shareholders’ Equity  

Undesignated shares, 4,999,500 authorized shares: no shares issued and outstanding  
Preferred stock, $.01 par value;  500 shares; no shares outstanding  
Common stock, authorized 50,000,000, $ .01 par value; 11,938,131 and 11,872,331 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 
2008 and 2007, respectively  
Additional paid-in capital  
Accumulated deficit  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss  
Total shareholders’ equity  

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.  

30 

September 30,  
2008  

September 30,  
2007  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

4,333,709   
-  
2,533,447   
2,088,769   
115,344   
9,071,269   

3,304,645   
2,825,000   
2,418,651   
1,595,282   
102,473   
10,246,051   

1,604,202   

1,773,739   

  $ 

  $ 

3,036,000   
2,570,511   
284,309   
432,846   
6,323,666   
16,999,137   

62,126   
1,849,633   
903,276   
301,859   
-  
3,116,894   

33,081   
89,641   
166,904   
-  
-  
3,406,520   

-  
2,570,511   
281,589   
469,678   
3,321,778   
15,341,568   

68,215   
1,176,280   
958,023   
107,209   
205,885   
2,515,612   

95,207   
85,059   
77,701   
150,470   
204,832   
3,128,881   

-  
-  

-  
-  

119,381   
52,166,219   
(38,428,983 ) 
(264,000 ) 
13,592,617   
16,999,137   

  $ 

118,723   
52,037,207   
(39,943,243 ) 
-  
12,212,687   
15,341,568   

  $ 

 
   
 
   
   
   
  
  
     
  
     
        
  
     
        
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
    
    
    
  
     
          
    
     
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
    
     
          
    
     
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
    
     
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
CLEARFIELD, INC.  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS  

Year Ended  
September 30,        
2008  

Six Months  
Ended  
September 30,        
2007  

Year Ended  
March 31,  
2007  

  $ 

23,493,796   

  $ 

10,296,680   

  $ 

18,363,836   

15,641,961   

7,079,023   

13,098,972   

7,851,835   

3,217,657   

5,264,864   

6,854,934   
-  
-  
6,854,934   

3,684,694   
-  
(13,079 ) 
3,671,615   

5,838,513   
852,000   
1,435   
6,691,948   

996,901   

(453,958 ) 

(1,427,084 ) 

268,063   
(10,721 ) 
55,881   
313,223   
1,310,124   

93,303   
1,216,821   
297,439   
-  
297,439   
1,514,260   

  $ 

167,881   
(7,148 ) 
(30,754 ) 
129,979   
(323,979 ) 

51,640   
(375,619 ) 
(1,071,010 ) 
156,190   
(914,820 ) 
(1,290,439 ) 

  $ 

378,977   
(49,079 ) 
21,476   
351,374   
(1,075,710 ) 

(237,493 ) 
(838,217 ) 
(1,743,961 ) 
434,868   
(1,309,093 ) 
(2,147,310 ) 

0.10   
0.03   
0.13   

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

(0.03 ) 
(0.08 ) 
(0.11 ) 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

(0.07 ) 
(0.11 ) 
(0.18 ) 

11,873,773   

11,872,331   

11,872,331   

  $ 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

Revenues  
Cost of sales  

Gross profit  
Operating expenses  

Selling, general and administrative  
Goodwill impairment charge  
Gain on disposal of assets  

Income (loss) from operations  

Interest income  
Interest expense  
Other income (loss)  

Income (loss) before income taxes  

Income tax expense (benefit)  

Net income (loss) from continuing operations  
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations  
Net gain on disposal of assets of discontinued operations  
Total income (loss) from discontinued operations  

Net income (loss)  

Net income (loss) per share:  
Continuing operations  
Discontinued operations  
Basic and diluted  

Weighted average shares outstanding:  

Basic and diluted  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.  

31 

   
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
  
     
        
        
  
  
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
    
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
    
     
          
          
    
  
     
          
          
    
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
CLEARFIELD, INC.  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY  

Balance at March 31, 2006  

Stock based compensation expense  
Foreign currency translation  
Net (loss)  
Comprehensive loss  
Balance at March 31, 2007  

Stock based compensation expense  
Foreign currency translation  
Net (loss)  
Comprehensive loss  

Balance at September 30, 2007  

Stock based compensation expense  
Stock issued as compensation  
Other comprehensive loss  
Net income  
Comprehensive income  
Balance at September  30, 2008  

Shares  
11,872,331   
-  
-  
-  
-  
11,872,331   
-  
-  
-  
-  
11,872,331   
-  
65,800   
-  
-  
-  
11,938,131   

Amount  

118,723   
-  
-  
-  
-  
118,723   
-  
-  
-  
-  
118,723   
-  
658   
-  
-  
-  
119,381   

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

      Accumulated        
deficit  
(36,505,494 ) 
-  
-  
(2,147,310 ) 
-  
(38,652,804 ) 
-  
-  
(1,290,439 ) 
-  
(39,943,243 ) 
-  
-  
-  

Additional  
paid-in  
Capital  
51,968,366   
50,363   
-  
-  
-  
52,018,729   
18,478   
-  
-  
-  
52,037,207   
50,052   
78,060   
-  
-        
-  
52,166,219   

  $ 

1,514,260   
(38,428,983 ) 

  $ 

Accumulated  
other  
comprehensive       
loss  

Total  
shareholders     
equity  
15,579,442   
50,363   
(6,011 ) 
(2,147,310 ) 
(2,153,321 ) 
13,476,484   
18,478   
8,164   
(1,290,439 ) 
(1,282,278 ) 
12,212,687   
50,052   
79,618   
(264,000 ) 
1,514,260   
1,250,260   
13,592,617   

(2,153 ) 
-  
(6,011 ) 
-  
-  
(8,164 ) 
-  
8,164   
-  
-  
-  
-  
-  
(264,000 ) 
-  
-  
(264,000 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.  

32 

 
   
 
 
 
  
     
        
     
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
CLEARFIELD, INC.  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS  

Cash flows from operating activities:  
Net income (loss)  

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by (used in) operating activities:  

Depreciation and amortization  
Deferred income taxes  
(Gain) loss on sale of assets  
Stock-based compensation expense  
Goodwill impairment charge  
Severance accrual  
Lease termination accrual  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:  
Accounts receivable, net  
Inventories  
Prepaid expenses and other assets  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses  

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  

Cash flows from investing activities:  

Purchases of property and equipment  
Purchase of available for sale securities  
Sale of available for sale securities  
Proceeds from sale of assets  
Net cash provided by investing activities  

Cash flows from financing activities:  
Payment of long-term debt  
Proceeds from Issuance of common stock  
Net cash used in financing activities  
Foreign currency translation  
Increase in cash balances of discontinued operations  
Increase in cash and cash equivalents  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year  
Supplemental cash flow information:  
Cash paid during the year for: 

Noncash investing and financing:  

Interest  
Income Taxes  
Withdrawal of bond reserve funds, net  
Note receivable for sale of India operations  
Capital expenditures included in accounts payable  
Debt incurred for purchase of equipment  

Year ended  
September 30,  
2008  

Six months  
ended  
September 30,  
2007  

Year ended  
March 31,  
2007  

  $ 

1,514,260   

  $ 

(1,290,439 ) 

  $ 

(2,147,310 ) 

498,418   
89,203   
55,251   
129,012   
-  
-  
(362,028 ) 

(114,796 ) 
(493,487 ) 
21,241   
686,595   
2,023,669   

(1,903,672 ) 
(3,675,000 ) 
3,200,000   
1,451,624   
(927,048 ) 

213,697   
48,540   
126,408   
18,478   
-  
360,826   
376,032   

(628,536 ) 
(265,910 ) 
104,548   
34,000   
(902,356 ) 

651,399   
(243,293 ) 
(433,433 ) 
50,363   
852,000   
-  
-  

69,423   
346,553   
(135,206 ) 
(361,400 ) 
(1,350,904 ) 

(232,322 ) 
(2,350,000 ) 
4,975,000   
513,805   
2,906,483         

(581,446 ) 
(17,300,000 ) 
20,025,000   
626,807   
2,770,361   

  $ 

  $ 

(68,215 ) 
658   
(67,557 ) 
-  
-  
1,029,064   
3,304,645   
4,333,709   

  $ 

(34,177 ) 
-  
(34,177 ) 
21,326   
47,193   
2,038,469   
1,266,176   
3,304,645   

  $ 

10,721   
4,100   

  $ 

7,148   
3,120   

  $ 

-  
-  
-  
-  

-  
502,213   
132,380   
-  

(872,854 ) 
-  
(872,854 ) 
(6,011 ) 
57,240   
597,832   
668,344   
1,266,176   

41,841   
5,800   

469,626   
-  
-  
179,118   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.  

33 

   
 
 
   
   
  
  
     
     
  
  
  
     
     
  
     
        
        
  
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
    
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
          
    
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
     
          
          
    
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
Clearfield, Inc.  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
Year ended September 30, 2008, six months ended September 30, 2007 and year ended March 31, 2007  

NOTE A  –  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Nature of Business  

Clearfield, Inc., formerly APA Enterprises, Inc., (the Company) is a manufacturer of a broad range of standard and custom passive connectivity products to customers throughout 
the United States with a concentration in Minnesota.  These products include fiber distribution systems, optical components, Outside Plant (“OSP”) cabinets, and fiber and copper 
cable  assemblies  that  serve  the  communication  service  provider,  including  Fiber-to-the-Home  (  “  FTTH”),  large  enterprise,  and  original  equipment  manufacturers  (“OEMs”) 
markets.  

Principles of Consolidation  

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Clearfield, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.   All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have 
been eliminated in consolidation. Effective January 2, 2008 the Company merged its sole subsidiary APA Cables and Networks, Inc. into the Company (the “Parent – Subsidiary 
Merger”) and changed the name of the Company from APA Enterprises, Inc. to Clearfield, Inc. Since the Parent – Subsidiary Merger on January 2, 2008, the Company has no 
subsidiaries.  For  periods  prior  to  January  2,  2008  the  consolidated  financial  statements  represent  all  companies  of  which  Clearfield,  Inc.  directly  or  indirectly  had  majority 
ownership or otherwise controlled.  

Foreign Currency Translation  

The Company used the United States dollar as its functional currency.  There were no significant foreign exchange translation gains or losses during periods ended September 30, 
2008, September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007.  

Revenue Recognition  

Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered, the fee is fixed, acceptance by the customer is reasonably certain and 
collection is probable.  This generally occurs upon shipment of product to the customer. The Company records freight revenues billed to customers as revenue and the related cost 
in cost of revenues. Taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are presented on a net basis.  

Cash and Cash Equivalents  

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.  Cash equivalents at September 30, 2008 and 2007 
respectively consist entirely of short-term money market accounts.  Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value.  

The Company maintains cash balances at several financial institutions, and at times, such balances exceed insured limits.  The Company has not experienced any losses in such 
accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash. No cash was in foreign financial institutions as of September 30, 2008.  

34 

   
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
NOTE A  –  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  –  Continued  

Available for Sale Securities  

Available-for-Sale Securities consist of Auction Rate Securities (“ARS”) with underling investments in AAA rated securities with varying maturities and interest rates are reset 
for  periods  not  exceeding  30  days.  The  Company  has  experienced  an  unrealized  loss  of  value  of  its  securities  but  believes  it  is  not  exposed  to  significant  credit  risk  on  its 
investments. Unrealized gains and losses are reflected as other comprehensive income. See Note O.  

Accounts Receivable  

Credit is extended based on the evaluation of a customer’s financial condition and, generally, collateral is not required.  Accounts outstanding longer than the contractual payment 
terms  are  considered  past  due.  The  Company  determines  its  allowance  by  considering  a  number  of  factors,  including  the  length  of  time  trade  receivables  are  past  due,  the 
Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as whole.  The 
Company  writes  off  accounts  receivable  when  they  become  uncollectible;  payments  subsequently  received  on  such  receivables  are  credited  to  the  allowance  for  doubtful 
accounts.  The allowance for uncollectible accounts was $69,381 and $78,973 at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  

Inventories  

Inventories  consist  of  finished  goods,  raw  materials  and  work  in  process  and  are  stated  at  the  lower  of  average  cost  (which  approximates  the  first-in,  first-out  method)  or 
market.  Cost is determined using material costs, labor charges, and allocated factory overhead charges.  

Property, Plant and Equipment  

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization.  Depreciation and amortization are provided on the straight-line method for book 
and tax purposes over the following estimated useful lives of the assets:  

Building  
Equipment  
Leasehold improvements  

Goodwill  

Years  
20  
3 – 7  
7 – 10 or life of lease  

The Company records the excess of purchase cost over the fair value of net tangible assets of acquired companies as goodwill or other identifiable intangible assets and tests for 
impairment annually and under certain circumstances.  The Company performs such testing of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets in the fourth quarter of each 
year or as events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.  The Company compares the 
fair value of the reporting units to the carrying value of the reporting units for goodwill impairment testing.  Fair value is determined using a discounted cash flow method.  

The Company completed its annual impairment testing of goodwill in the final quarter of the periods ended March 31, 2007, September 30, 2007 and 2008 respectively.  This 
testing indicated that goodwill recorded as of March 31, 2007 for the APACN subsidiary was impaired, principally due to weakness in operating results of this subsidiary.  The 
Company recognized the related non-cash, pre-tax impairment charge of $852,000 ($519,717 after tax) for the year ended March 31, 2007. For the year ended September 30, 2008 
and for the six months ended September 30, 2007 no impairment was recorded.  

35 

   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
NOTE A  –  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  –  Continued  

Stock-Based Compensation  

The Company has various incentive and non-qualified stock option plans which are used as an incentive for directors, officers, and other employees, as described more fully in 
Note N.  Effective April 1, 2006, the Company adopted FASB Statement No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment, ” (SFAS 123(R)) which requires an entity to reflect an expense, 
instead of pro forma disclosures in its financial footnotes, the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value 
of the award. Statement 123(R) supersedes the Company’s previous accounting under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” 
The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method, which provides that the Company’s consolidated financial statements for prior periods 
have not been restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of SFAS 123(R).  

SFAS 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the 
award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods using the straight-line attribution model. The Company recorded $50,052 of 
related compensation expense for the year ended September 30, 2008 and $18,478 of related compensation expense for the six months ended September 30, 2007 and $50,363 for 
the year ended March 31, 2007.  Stock-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expense.  There was no tax benefit from recording this non-
cash expense.  The impact of this compensation expense on both basic and diluted loss per share was less than $0.01 for the year ended September 30, 2008.  As of September 30, 
2008, $86,630 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3.46 years. 

The total fair value of options vested during the year ended September 30, 2008, and the six months ended September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007 are $48,394, $13,998 and 
$64,545 respectively.  The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton (“Black-Scholes”) option-pricing model as a method for determining the estimated fair value for employee 
stock awards.  

The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards based on the following assumptions for the periods ended:  

Expected volatility  
Expected life (in years)  
Expected dividends  
Risk-free interest rate  

September 30, 2008 
52% 
5 years 
0% 
2.98% 

36 

September 30, 2007 
51% 
5 years 
0% 
4.42% 

March 31, 2007 
64% 
5 years 
0% 
4.78% 

   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
  
NOTE A  –  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  –  Continued  

The weighted average fair value of options granted during for the year ended September 30, 2008 and the six months ended September 30, 2007, and for the year ended March 31, 
2007 are $0.45, $ 0.59 and $0.77. The Company’s approach to estimating expected volatility on its stock awards granted during the year considers both the historical volatility in 
the trading market for its common stock and a look back period equal to the expected life of the grants.  Expected volatility is one of several assumptions in the Black-Scholes 
model used by the Company to make an estimate of the fair value of options granted under the Company’s stock plans. The Company uses a forfeiture rate of 10%. In estimating 
the  expected  term,  both  exercise  behavior  and  post-vesting  termination  behavior  were  included  in  the  analysis,  as  well  as  consideration  of  outstanding  options.  The  risk-free 
interest rate used in the Black-Scholes option valuation model is the historical yield on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with equivalent remaining terms. The Company does not 
pay any cash dividends on the Company’s common stock and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.  Consequently, an expected dividend yield 
of zero is used in the Black-Scholes option valuation model.  

In September 2008, 65,800 shares of stock, with a market price of $1.21 per share, were issued to employees of the Company under the Company’s 2007 Stock Compensation 
Plan.  This award to employees  was part of the  annual incentive program, totaled $79,618 and was recorded in SG & A expense. The awards were issued with out restriction. 
Recipients of the award included, sales, professional staff and Company management.  

Fair Value of Financial Instruments  

Due to their short-term nature, the carrying value of current financial assets and liabilities approximates their fair values.  The fair value of long-term obligations, if recalculated 
based on current interest rates, would not significantly differ from the recorded amounts.  

Net Income (Loss) Per Share  

Basic and diluted net incomes (loss) per share are computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  

Common stock options and warrants to purchase 386,700, 586,830 and 583,150 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $1.37, $2.48 and $2.56 were 
outstanding during the year ended September 30, 2008, the six months ended September 30, 2007 and the year ended March 31, 2007 respectively, but were excluded from the 
calculation of net income (loss) per share because they were antidillutive.  

Use of Estimates  

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, related revenues and expenses and disclosure about contingent assets and liabilities at the date 
of the financial statements.  Actual results may differ from those estimates used by management.  

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets  

The  Company  evaluates  the  recoverability  of  its  long-lived  assets,  including  goodwill,  and  requires  recognition  of  impairment  of  long-lived  assets  if  events  or  circumstances 
indicate impairment may have occurred and when the net book value of such assets exceeds the future undiscounted cash flows attributed to such assets.  The Company assesses 
the impairment of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.  No impairment of long-lived assets has 
occurred during any of the periods presented.  

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
NOTE A  –  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  –  Continued  

Income Taxes  

The  Company  records  income  taxes  in  accordance  with  the  liability  method  of  accounting.  Deferred  taxes  are  recognized  for  the  estimated  taxes  ultimately  payable  or 
recoverable  based  on  enacted  tax  law.  The  Company  establishes  a  valuation  allowance  to  reduce  the  deferred  tax  asset  to  an  amount  that  is  more  likely  than  not  to  be 
realizable.  Changes in tax rates are reflected in the tax provision as they occur.  

Recently Issued Accounting Standards  

In  May  2008,  the  FASB  issued  Statement  of  Financial  Accounting  Standards  (SFAS)  No.  162,  The  Hierarchy  of  Generally  Accepted  Accounting  Principles.  SFAS  No.  162 
identifies the sources of accounting principles and provides entities with a framework for selecting the principles used in preparation of financial statements that are presented in 
conformity with GAAP. The current GAAP hierarchy has been criticized because it is directed to the auditor rather than the entity, it is complex, and it ranks FASB Statements of 
Financial  Accounting  Concepts,  which  are  subject  to  the  same  level  of  due  process  as  FASB  Statements  of  Financial  Accounting  Standards,  below  industry  practices  that  are 
widely recognized as generally accepted but that are not subject to due process. The Board believes the GAAP hierarchy should be directed to entities because it is the entity (not 
its auditors) that is responsible for selecting accounting principles for financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. The adoption of FASB 162 is not expected 
to have a material impact on the Company's financial position.  

On February 15, 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities —
Including an Amendment of FASB No. 115. This standard permits an entity to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The fair value 
option established by  SFAS No. 159 permits all entities to choose to measure  eligible  items  at fair value at specified  election dates. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years 
beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this pronouncement will have on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.  

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements . SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands 
disclosures  about  fair  value  measurement  but  does  not  require  any  new  fair  value  measurements.  SFAS  No. 157  is  effective  for  financial  statements  issued  for  fiscal  years 
beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. However on February 12, 2008, the FASB issued proposed FSP FAS 157-2 which delayed the 
effective  date  of  SFAS  157  for  all  nonfinancial  assets  and  nonfinancial  liabilities,  except  those  that  are  recognized  or  disclosed  at  fair  value  in  the  financial  statements  on  a 
recurring basis (at least annually). This FSP partially defers the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those 
fiscal years for items within the scope of this FSP.  We will adopt SFAS 157, except as it applies to those nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities as noted in proposed FSP 
FAS 157-2, on October 1, 2008 and do not believe  the impact this pronouncement will be material to our consolidated financial position or results of operations.  

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115, 
or SFAS No. 159.” SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value at specified election dates. SFAS No. 159 
applies to all entities, including not-for-profit organizations. The provisions of SFAS No. 159 are effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is 
currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 159 on our financial statements.  

38 

   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
NOTE B – TRANSITIONAL REPORTING RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  

In  June 2007, the Company elected to  change  the fiscal  year end  from March 31  to September 30. In view  of this change, t  he following presents the condensed  consolidated 
statements of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2007 (the transition period) with the unaudited six months ended September 30, 2006. The September 30, 2007 
condensed format was derived from the audited consolidated statement of operations from the transition statement of the same period.  

Revenues  
Gross Profit  
SG&A  
Income (loss) from operations  
Net income (loss) before taxes  
Income taxes  
Net income (loss) from continuing operations  
Net loss from discontinued operations  
Net loss  

Net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted):  
Continuing operations  
Discontinued operations  
Total  

NOTE C – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS  

Condensed Statement of Operations:  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Six months ended September 30,     
(Unaudited)     
2006  
9,963,271   
2,909,526   
2,956,525   
(46,999 ) 
140,812   
43,250   
97,562   
(610,013 ) 
(512,451 ) 

2007  
10,296,680   
3,217,657   
3,671,615   
(453,958 ) 
(323,979 ) 
51,640   
(375,619 ) 
(914,820 ) 
(1,290,439 ) 

  $ 

(0.03 ) 
(0.08 ) 
(0.11 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

0.01   
(0.05 ) 
(0.04 ) 

The Optronics business segment (GaN products) continued to experience lower than expected demand for its products and services during the year ended March 31, 2007 and 
continued  to  record  operating  losses.  This  caused  management  to  critically  evaluate  the  long  term  viability  of  the  business  and  after  careful  deliberation  elected  to  cease 
operations and discontinue the business in June of 2007. As a result of the discontinuation of GaN products and the logistics and time constraints for the Company’s (APACN’) 
fiber patch cords, India was no longer a viable sourcing option and actions were taken to control ongoing costs and recover the investment in the Company’s India subsidiary.  In 
addition, the Company elected to close its Blaine facility because it was primarily dedicated to the Optronics segment.  

Sale of India Operations  

On June 28, 2007, the Company sold APA Optronics (India) Private Limited ("APA India") to an entity owned by the former chief executive officer of the Company, Dr. Anil K. 
Jain.  The purchase price of $504,499 was paid by delivery of a five year promissory note.  The terms of the note include monthly installment payments of principal and interest 
with an annual rate of 7% amortized over a ten year period with a balloon payment due November 2012 when the outstanding balance is due. The note is secured by a pledge of 
Company stock by Dr. Jain, a pledge by Dr. Jain of payments under his Separation Agreement with the Company, and a personal guaranty by Dr. Jain. The purchase price was 
determined by the independent directors to be fair and reasonable to the Company.  The current portion of the note receivable is presented within “prepaid expenses and other”
and  the  long  term  portion  is  reflected  as  note  receivable  on  the  balance  sheet.  The  Company  recorded  a  loss  of  approximately  $127,000  on  the  sale  that  is  presented  in 
discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations.  

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NOTE C – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS -Continued  

Discontinuance of Optronics Segment  

The Company ceased all remaining operations related to the Optronics segment in June of 2007.  Substantially all employees related to the Optronics segment were terminated 
prior  to  June  30,  2007.  The  Company  recorded  expense  of  $78,109  for  one  time  termination  benefits.  The  decision  to  close  its  facility  in  Blaine,  Minnesota,  that  was  fully 
dedicated to the Optronics segment, occurred in June of 2007.  The Company recorded a charge of $418,044 for remaining contract obligations costs (“lease termination costs”) 
through November of 2009 as the facility will not provide any economic benefit to the Company in the future. A portion of the contract obligation, $171,000 as of September 30, 
2007, is reflected as a current liability of discontinued operations and the balance $204,000, is included in long term liabilities of discontinued operations (see also Note M). The 
Company recorded asset impairment charges of $367,928 related to the write-off of inventory and write-down of fixed assets to their realizable value.  The assets remaining that 
will not be retained will be sold or disposed of.  

Operating results related to the discontinuance of the Optronics segment, including APA India, for the six months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 and for the years ended 
March 31, 2007 and 2006, which have been reclassified and presented in our consolidated statements of income as discontinued operations, are summarized below:  

Net Sales  
Cost of goods sold  
Gross profit  
Operating expenses  
Loss from discontinued operations  

Net Sales  
Cost of goods sold  
Gross profit  
Operating expenses  
Loss from discontinued operations  

   Six Months Ended September 30,     

2007  

2006  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

28,324   
231,420   
(203,096 ) 
711,724   
(914,820 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

83,919   
303,881   
(219,962 ) 
390,051   
(610,013 ) 

Years Ended March 31,  
2006  
2007  

196,342   
648,471   
(452,129 ) 
856,964   
(1,309,093 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

76,8949   
1,073,145   
(996,251 ) 
1,172,739   
(2,168,990 ) 

The net income from discontinued operations for the year ended September 30, 2008 relates to 1) the reversal of a portion of the lease termination accrual of $393,000 and 2) 
operating expenses of approximately $96,000.  

NOTE D – SEVERANCE AGREEMENT  

Effective June 28, 2007 Anil K. Jain ceased to be Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer), Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer), and 
Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company.  

Pursuant to the terms of an Amended and Restated Agreement Regarding Employment/Compensation Upon Change In Control dated September 15, 2005, Dr. Jain will be paid 
his current salary ($190,000 per year) for 24 months after the date of termination of his employment, payable quarterly.  As a result, the Company has recorded a severance charge 
of $397,000 in the statement of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2007,  the short term portion of the liability is include in accrued compensation and the  

40 

   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
     
          
    
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
NOTE D – SEVERANCE AGREEMENT - Continued  

long term portion of the liability is included in other long term liabilities.  This severance provision applies notwithstanding the absence of a "change of control”. As of September 
30, 2008 the balance due is $150,470 and is included in the accrued compensation as it is all short term.  

NOTE E – INVENTORIES  

Inventories consist of the following at  

Raw materials  
Work-in-process  
Finished Goods  

NOTE F  –  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT  

Property, plant and equipment consist of the following at:  

Land  
Buildings  
Manufacturing Equipment  
Office Equipment  
Leasehold Improvements  

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  

NOTE G  –  LONG-TERM DEBT  

The following is a summary of the outstanding debt, which consists of a capital lease, at:  

Long term debt  
Less: current maturities  

Scheduled maturities of the Company’s long-term debt are as follows:  

Years ending September 30,  
2009  
2010  

41 

   September 30,        September 30,    

2008  
1,815,777   
14,483   
258,511   
2,088,769   

  $ 

  $ 

2007  
1,422,374   
50,468   
122,440   
1,595,282   

  $ 

  $ 

   September 30,        September 30,    

2008  

2007  

  $ 

  $ 

56,195   
1,679,424   
685,425   
1,405,147   
187,986   
4,014,117   
2,409,966   
1,604,202   

  $ 

  $ 

56,195   
1,679,424   
602,432   
1,163,221   
184,015   
3,685,287   
1,911,548   
1,773,739   

   September 30,        September 30,    

2008  

2007  

  $ 

  $ 

95,207   
62,126   
33,081   

  $ 

  $ 

163,422   
68,215   
95,207   

  $ 

  $ 

62,126   
33,081   
95,207   

   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
     
  
    
    
  
    
  
    
  
NOTE H  –  EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN  

The Company maintains a contributory 401(k) profit sharing benefit plan covering all employees.  The Company matches 50% of the first 6% of the employee’s salary that was 
contributed  by  the  employee  to  the  plan.  The  Company’s  contributions  under  this  plan  were  $114,379,  $72,765  and  $127,000  for  the  periods  ended  September  30,  2008  and 
September 30, 2007, and March 31, 2007, respectively.  

NOTE I  –  INCOME TAXES  

Deferred  taxes  recognize  the  impact  of  temporary  differences  between  the  amounts  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  recorded  for  financial  statement  purposes  and  such  amount 
measured  in  accordance  with  tax  laws.  Realization  of  net  operating  loss  carry  forward  and  other  deferred  tax  temporary  differences  are  contingent  upon  future  taxable 
earnings.  The Company’s deferred tax asset was reviewed for expected utilization using a “more likely than not” approach as required by SFAS 109 by assessing the available 
positive and negative factors surrounding its recoverability.  Accordingly, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  

Significant components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows at:  

Current deferred income tax assets:  
Inventories  
Accrued expenses  

Long-term deferred income tax assets:  
Intangibles  
Net operating loss carry forwards and credits  

Total deferred income tax assets  
Long-term deferred income tax liabilities:  
Property and equipment depreciation  
Goodwill  

Total net deferred income taxes  
Valuation allowance  
Total  

42 

   September 30        September 30    

2008  

2007  

  $ 

  $ 

178,710   
239,956   
418,666   

129,463   
478,294   
607,757   

29,607   
12,762,440   
12,792,047   
13,210,713   

65,925   
166,890   
232,815   

31,550   
13,337,200   
13,368,750   
13,976,507   

20,022   
77,701   
97,723   

12,977,898   
(13,144,802 ) 
(166,904 ) 

  $ 

13,878,784   
(13,956,485 ) 
(77,701 ) 

  $ 

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
     
  
     
        
  
    
    
  
    
    
     
          
    
    
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
    
     
          
    
    
    
    
    
  
    
    
  
     
          
    
    
    
    
    
NOTE I  –  INCOME TAXES - Continued  

As of September 30, 2007, the Company has net operating loss carry forwards for federal and state income tax purposes of approximately $32,710,000 which expire in fiscal years 
2009 to 2027. To date the Company has not completed a Section 382 analysis.  If certain ownership changes occurred under Section 382, there may be further limitations on the 
usage of the net operating loss carry forwards.  

The following is a reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the consolidated effective tax rate for the following periods ended:  

Federal statutory rate  
State income taxes  
Permanent differences  
Expiration of net operating loss carryforwards  
Other  
Change in valuation allowance  
Tax rate  

Components of the income tax expense (benefit) are as follows for the periods ended:  

Current:  

Federal  
State  

Deferred:  
Federal  
State  

Valuation allowance  
Income tax expense (benefit)  

   September 30,    
2008  

Percent of Pre-tax Income  
   September 30,    
2007  

   March 31,     
2007  

34 %      
5 %      
2 %      
16 %      
-%      
(51 %)     
6 %      

(34 %)     
(5 %)     
3 %      
35 %      
-%      
5 %      
4 %      

(34 %) 
(5 %) 
9 % 
-% 
1 % 
21 % 
(10 %) 

   September 30,        September 30,        March 31,  

2008  

2007  

2007  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

-  
4,318   
4,318   

785,260   
115,470   
900,667   
(811,682 ) 
93,303   

  $ 

  $ 

-  
3,100   
3,100   

94,741   
13,932   
108,673   
(60,133 ) 
51,640   

  $ 

-  
5,800   
5,800   

228,973   
33,673   
262,646   
(505,939 ) 
(237,493 ) 

The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”), on April 1, 2007. Previously, the Company had 
accounted for tax contingencies in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 5, Accounting for Contingencies . As required by FIN 48, which clarifies 
Statement 109, Accounting for Income Taxes , the Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority 
would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not   threshold, the amount recognized in the financial 
statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. At the adoption date, the 
Company applied FIN 48 to all tax positions for which the statute of limitations remained open. Both prior and subsequent to the adoption of FIN 48, the Company had no 
liability for unrecognized tax benefits.  

43 

   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
     
        
        
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
     
          
          
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
NOTE I – INCOME TAXES –  Continued  

The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the 
interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and 
local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years before 1993.  

The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in operating expenses for all periods presented. The Company did 
not recognize any interest or penalties during the periods ended September 30, 2008, September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007.  

NOTE J  –  SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY  

The Board of Directors may, by resolution, establish from the undesignated shares different classes or series of shares and may fix the relative rights and preferences of shares in 
any class or series. The Company is authorized to issue 500 shares of preferred stock and 50,000,000 shares of common stock at $.01 par value. The Company has not issued any 
shares of preferred stock.  

NOTE K  –  SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN  

Pursuant to the Shareholder Rights Plan each share of common stock has attached to it a right, and each share of common stock issued in the future will have a right attached until 
the rights expire or are redeemed.  Upon the occurrence of certain change in control events, each right entitles the holder to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of Series B 
Junior Preferred Participating Share, at an exercise price of $80 per share, subject to adjustment.  The rights expire on November 10, 2010 and may be redeemed by the Company 
at a price of $.001 per right prior to the time they become exercisable.  

NOTE L  –  STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS  

Stock Options  

The  Company  has  various  incentive  and  non-qualified  stock  option  plans  which  are  used  as  an  incentive  for  directors,  officers,  and  other  employees.  Options  are  generally 
granted at fair market values determined on the date of grant and vesting normally occurs over a five-year period.  The maximum contractual term is normally six years. However, 
options  granted  to  directors  have  a  one  year  vesting  period  and  a  six  year  contractual  term.  The  Company  issues  new  shares  upon  exercise  of  a  stock  option.  The  plans  had 
1,232,500 shares of common stock available for issue at September 30, 2008.  

Option  transactions  under  these  plans  during  the  year  ended  September  30,  2008  the  transition  period  ended  September  30,  2007  and  the  year  ended  March 31,  2007  are 
summarized as follows:  

Outstanding at March 31, 2006  

Outstanding at March 31, 2007  

Granted  
Cancelled  

Granted  
Cancelled  

Outstanding at September 30, 2007  

Granted  
Cancelled or Forfeited  

Outstanding at September 30, 2008  

Number of  
shares  

276,470         
40,000         
(83,320 )       
233,150         
20,000         
(16,320 )       
236,830         
228,700         
(78,830 )       
386,700         

Weighted 
average  
exercise price       
2.80      
1.13   
  $ 
4.60         
1.90         
  $ 
1.13   
3.50         
1.72         
1.13   
  $ 
.97         
1.37         

Weighted  
average   
fair value  

0.77   

0.59   

0.45   

44 

   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
  
  
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
NOTE L  –  STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS  –  Continued  

The number of shares exercisable at September 30, 2008, September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007 was 122,240, 111,530 and 99,950 respectively, at a weighted average exercise 
price of $1.81, $1.88 and $2.30 per share, respectively.  

The following table summarizes information concerning currently outstanding and exercisable stock options at September 30, 2008:  

$ 

$ 

Range of  
exercise prices  

Number  
outstanding  

0.00-$1.09   
1.10-1.49   
1.50-1.99   
2.00-5.00   

229,700   
82,000   
25,000   
50,000   
386,700   

Range of  
exercise prices  

Number  
outstanding  

0.00-$1.09   
1.10-1.49   
1.50-1.99   
2.00-5.00   

10,000   
48,840   
22,400   
41,000   
122,240   

Stock Warrants  

Options outstanding  
Weighted  
average  
remaining  
contractual life  
5.13 years  
3.29 years  
1.69 years  
1.03 years  
3.88 years  

Options exercisable  
Weighted  
average  
remaining  
contractual life  
4.90 years  
  3.16 years  
  1.58 years  
  1.01 years  
  2.29 years  

The following is a table of the warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock:  

Balance at March 31, 2006  
  Issued  
          Expired  
Balance at March 31, 2007  
          Issued  
          Expired  
Balance September 30, 2007  
          Issued  
          Expired  
Balance September 30, 2008  

45 

Weighted  
average  
exercise price  

Aggregate  
intrinsic  
value  

1.08   
1.32   
1.59   
2.66   
1.37   

  $ 

  $ 

247,249   
108,552   
39,800   
132,900   
528,501   

Weighted  
average  
exercise price  

Aggregate  
intrinsic  
value  

1.03   
1.34   
1.59   
2.68   
1.81   

  $ 

  $ 

10,300   
65,509   
35,692   
109,950   
221,451   

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Warrants  
outstanding  

357,310      
-     
(7,310 )    
350,000      
-     
-     
350,000      
-     
(350,000 )    
-     

Exercise price  
 per share  
  3.00 – 7.00      
  -     
  7.00      
  3.00      
  -     
  -     
  3.00      
  -     
  3.00      
  -     

Expiration  
 date  
2007 – 2008   
-  
2007   
2008   
-  
-  
2008   
-  
2008   
  -  

   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
        
     
     
        
  
     
  
  
     
  
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
        
     
     
        
  
     
  
  
     
  
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
NOTE M  –  COMMITMENTS AND FACILITIES  

The Company leases office and manufacturing facilities in Plymouth, MN for its ongoing operations. This operating lease is renewable and noncancelable. The Company also 
leases various office equipment. For the period ended September 30, 2008, rent expense was $325,000 with an offset of rent take back associated with the Blaine facility purchase 
and  resale  of  $362,000.  This  resulted  in  a  net  take  back  of  $37,000.  Total  rent  expense  for  the  Company  in  prior  years  was  $628,000  and  $459,000  for  the  periods  ended 
September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007.  

Blaine Facility  

On October 30, 2007 the Company purchased its previous corporate headquarters in Blaine for $1,500,000 under the provisions of its option to purchase as stated in its lease from 
Jain-Olsen Properties. The Company as owner of the building canceled the lease to itself. The lease was scheduled to run through November of 2009. The elimination of the lease 
resulted in the elimination of approximately $362,000 of accrued obligations related to this lease in conjunction with the discontinuation of the Optronics segment recorded during 
the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2007 and will be taken into income during the three months ending December 31, 2007 . The Company, on the same day, then sold the land and 
building  for  $1,450,000  incurring  a  loss  of  $52,000.  Rent  expense  of  $14,000,  $84,000  and  $166,000  was  paid  to  the  partnership  for  the  periods  ended  September  30,  2008, 
September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007, respectively.  

The closure of the Optronics division housed in Blaine resulted in the Company recording a charge of $418,044 for remaining contract obligations costs through November of 
2009 as the facility will not provide any economic benefit to the Company in the future. This amount is reflected in the $621,000 rent for the six months ended September 30, 
2007.  

Aberdeen Facility  

On October 1, 2007 the Company entered into a lease agreement for its Aberdeen, South Dakota facility which allows the tenant first opportunity to purchase the building over the 
three year period commencing on October 1, 2007.  

The following is a schedule of approximate minimum payments required under the operating leases:  

Year ending September 30  
2009  
2010  
2011  
2012  
2013  
Thereafter  

Total minimum lease payments  

Operating leases  

227,067   
234,729   
235,943   
241,773   
249,480   
42,756   
1,231,748   

  $ 

  $ 

In February 2007, the Company began implementing a new enterprise system and entered into a contract to pay approximately $266,000 over a 3 year period for software related 
to part number configuration and production scheduling. The contract calls for payments of $88,800 and $29,600 for 2009 and 2010 respectively.  

46 

   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
NOTE N  –  CONCENTRATIONS  

Suppliers  

The  Company  purchases  raw  materials,  component  parts  and  outsourced  labor  from  many  suppliers.  Although  many  of  these  items  are  single-sourced,  the  Company  has 
experienced  no significant difficulties to date in obtaining  adequate  quantities. These circumstances could change, however, and the Company cannot guarantee that  sufficient 
quantities  or  quality  of  raw  materials,  component  parts  and  outsourced  labor  will  be  as  readily  available  in  the  future  or,  if  available,  that  we  will  be  able  to  obtain  them  at 
favorable prices.  

Customers  

Two customers comprised approximately 23%, 18% and 23% of total sales for the periods ended September 30, 2008, September 30, 2007 and March 31, 2007.  

NOTE O – AUCTION RATE SECURITIES  

At September 30, 2008 our long term investment portfolio consisted of $3.3 million of Auction Rate Securities (ARS), with contractual maturities between 22 and 33 years. The 
ARS held by us are primarily backed by student loans and are over-collateralized, and are insured by and guaranteed by the United States Federal Department of Education. In 
addition, all ARS held by us are rated by the major independent rating agencies as either AAA or Aaa. Most of these auction rate securities were scheduled to reset every 7 to 28 
days through a Dutch Auction process. The auctions have historically provided a liquid market for these securities as investors could readily sell their investments at auction. As 
of February 2008, ARS had experienced failed auctions, due to sell orders exceeding buy orders. These failures are not believed to be a credit issue, but rather caused by a lack of 
liquidity due to pressure in other segments of the securities markets. Under the contractual terms, the issuer is typically obligated to pay penalty interest rates should an auction 
fail. The funds associated with failed auctions are not expected to be accessible until one of the following occurs: a successful auction occurs, the issuer redeems the issue, a buyer 
is found outside of the auction process or the underlying securities have matured.  

At  September  30,  2008  there  was  insufficient  observable  ARS  market  information  available  to  determine  fair  value  of our  investments.  Therefore,  we estimated  fair  value  by 
using a discounted cash flow model with factors including tax status, credit quality, duration, levels of federal guarantees and likelihood of redemption.  Based on this analysis, we 
have classified the investments as long-term on our balance sheet as of March 31, 2008 through September 30, 2008 and recorded and unrealized loss of $264,000.  We believe 
this  unrealized  loss  is  primarily  attributable  to  the  limited  liquidity  of  these  investments,  and  it  is  our  intent  to  hold  these  investments  long  enough  to  avoid  realizing  any 
significant loss. There was no tax impact due to our net operating loss position.  

At September 30, 2007 these securities were recorded as current assets because at September 30, 2007 there was a market for ARS.  

As of September 2008, Credit Suisse, our broker and financial advisor, settled a lawsuit with the state of New York related to its ARS marketing practices. On October 2, 2008, 
Credit  Suisse offered to  buy back  at  par value  the  ARS  securities from individuals,  charities  and businesses with accounts valued  up to $10  million. We accepted  the  offer in 
October 2008. During the month of October of 2008 Credit Suisse bought back all of the securities held by Clearfield at par value resulting in proceeds of $3.3 million which were 

47 

   
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
   
NOTE O – AUCTION RATE SECURITIES - continued  

invested money market fund composed of 90 day U.S Treasuries. The sale of these assets and the related mark up to par value will be reflected in our results for the quarter ended 
December 31, 2008.  

48 

   
   
 
   
   
ITEM 9.  

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  

None.  

ITEM 9A.  

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  

Attached as exhibits to this Form 10-K are certifications of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer that are required in accordance with Rule 13a-14 of 
the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended  (the  “Exchange  Act”).  This  “Controls  and  Procedures”  section  includes  information  concerning  the  controls  and  controls 
evaluation referred to in the certifications.  

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures  

The Company conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief 
Financial Officer (the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, respectively), we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)).  

During the evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures in connection with the preparation of our financial statements to be included in this Annual Report on Form 
10-K, we determined that in the aggregate a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting existed as of September 30, 2008 relating to our accounting and control 
procedures  for  documentation  and  review  of  significant  accounting  judgments  and  estimates,  financial  closing  processes  and  financial  reporting  processes  at  period  ends. 
Accordingly, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures 
were not effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported 
accurately, within the time periods specified in the applicable rule and forms.  

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting  

We  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  as  such  term  is  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rule  13a-15(f).  The 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and 
fair presentation of published financial statements.  

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements.  Therefore,  even  those  systems  determined  to  be 

effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.  

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation 
of  the  effectiveness of  our internal  control over  financial  reporting based on  the  framework in Internal  Control  — Integrated Framework  issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, management identified the following matter that we consider to be 
a material weakness as of September 30, 2008.  

Operating  Effectiveness  of  Accounting  and  Control  Procedures  .  We  concluded  that,  in  the  aggregate,  a  material  weakness  existed  as  of  September  30,  2008  related  to 
documentation and review of significant accounting judgments and estimates, financial closing processes, and financial reporting processes at period ends. We implemented control 
procedures in the fourth quarter of 2008 and are in the process of implementing additional control procedures as described below.  However, the controls implemented in the fourth 
quarter of 2008 have not yet operated for a sufficient period of time. Once we have performed the procedures on a repeated basis and completed our further planned remediation, we 
will be able to fully evaluate their effectiveness.  

49 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Because of this material weakness, we concluded that, as of September 30, 2008, our internal control over financial reporting was not effective. We have discussed this 

material weakness with our audit committee.  

This  annual  report  does  not  include  an  attestation  report  of  the  company’s  registered  public  accounting  firm  regarding  internal  control  over  financial  reporting. 

Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting  

The  following  changes  to  our internal  control over financial  reporting  were  substantially  completed  during  our fourth quarter  of  fiscal 2008, and have  materially  affected,  or are 
reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting:  

•        We have developed detailed methodologies for items requiring management’s estimate and judgment;  

•        We have implemented processes to ensure that monthly close checklists are implemented and followed;  

•        We have implemented the use of checklists for disclosure items and preparation of periodic reports.  

Remediation of Material Weaknesses  

As of September 30, 2007, the Company determined material weaknesses existed related to the following matters:  

•        The  Company  did  not  maintain  effective  controls  over  the  accounting  for  certain  auction  rate  securities.  This  oversight  was  discovered  in  the  transition  period  ended 

September 30, 2007 and the financial statements were restated accordingly.  

•        The  Company  did  not  maintain  effective  controls  to  ensure  that  it  is  regularly  checking  for  appropriate  compliance  on  all  GAAP  and  SEC  reporting  matters  as  they 

change or become updated.  

We remediated the material weakness related to our auction rate securities restatement by the Board of Directors’ (BOD) appointment of an Investment Committee, composed of 
BOD  members,  to  provide  oversight  on  matters  of  banking  relationships  and  investing  of  cash.  In  addition  the  Company  has  approved  a  formal  investment  policy.  Company 
management is utilizing the expertise of its professional investment advisor. In addition, management obtained additional education related to this matter.  

We remediated the material weakness related to GAAP and SEC reporting matters beginning with the third quarter of the fiscal year. We procured subscriptions to publications and 
services  that  provide  regular  updates  regarding  SEC  and  GAAP  reporting.  These  services  include  checklists  to  ensure  the  internal  accounting  staff  has  the  necessary  tools  and 
resources to comply  with both SEC and GAAP regulations. These services along  with the SEC website were  used  to incorporate a process  of  regularly checking for  appropriate 
compliance on all GAAP and SEC reporting matters as they change or become updated.  

As of September 30, 2008, the Company determined material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting.  To remediate the material weakness in our internal control 
over financial reporting we have already implemented several actions outlined above.  In addition, we have implemented or are in the process of implementing the following actions, 
which are all expected to be completed by the end of our first quarter for our fiscal year ending September 30, 2009:  

50 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
•        We  have  developed  detailed  methodologies  for  items  requiring  management’s  estimate  and  judgment.  These  methodologies  formally  document  management’s  thought 
processes used to determine the amounts in estimates.  We intend to continue to develop and document the methodology for additional items and to begin formally sharing a 
summary analysis of significant estimate and judgment items with our audit committee beginning in the first quarter of our fiscal year ending in 2009;  

•        We are implementing processes to provide for supporting documentation and evidence of independent review and approval of journal entries, processes to require sub-
certifications of appropriate personnel,  processes to ensure that monthly close checklists are implemented and followed, and documentation of the reconciliation of the 
final trial balance to the final report;  

•        We have implemented the use of checklists for disclosure items and preparation of periodic reports.  We are in the process of developing procedures to formally prepare a 
supporting analysis for each financial statement disclosure in accordance with relevant generally accepted accounting principles (including relevant regulatory rules) and 
the entity’s accounting and disclosure policies.  

ITEM 9B.  

OTHER INFORMATION  

There were no events during the quarter ended September 30, 2008 required to be disclosed on Form 8-K which were not so disclosed.  

PART III  

ITEM 10.  

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  

Information regarding executive officers is included in Part I of this Report and is incorporated in this Item 10 by reference.  

ITEM 11.  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  

Information required by Item 11 is incorporated in this Report by reference to the proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders to be held in February 2009.  

51 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
ITEM 12.  

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  

Certain information required by Item 12 is incorporated in this Report by reference to the proxy statement for annual meeting of shareholders to be held in February 2009. 

The following table provides information about the Company’s equity compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements) as of September 30, 2008.  

Plan category  

Equity compensation  
plans approved by  
security holders  
Total  

(a)  
Number of securities to  
be issued upon exercise  
of options, warrants or  
rights  

(b)  
Weighted-average  
exercise price of  
outstanding options,  
warrants and rights  

(c)  
Number of securities remaining  
available for future issuance  
under equity compensation  
plans (excluding securities  
reflected in column (a))  

386,700  
386,700  

$1.37  
$1.37  

1,232,500  
1,232,500  

ITEM 13.  

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS. AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE  

Information required by Item 13 is incorporated in this Report by reference to the proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders to be held in February 2009.  

ITEM 14.  

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES  

Information required by Item 14 is incorporated in this Report by reference to the proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders to be held in February 2009  

52 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
ITEM 15.  

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  

(a)            (1)           The following financial statements are filed herewith under Item 8.  

PART IV  

(i)                    Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the year ended September 30, 2008, the six months ended September 30, 

2007 and the year ended March 31, 2007.  

(ii)                   Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2008 and 2007  

(iii)                  Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended September 30, 2008, the six months ended September 30, 2007 and the year 

ended March 31, 2007.  

(iv)                  Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity for the year ended September 30, 2008, the six months ended September 30, 2007 and 

the year ended March 31, 2007.  

(v)                   Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended  September 30, 2008 the six months ended September 30, 2007 and the year 

ended March 31, 2007  

(vi)                  Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended September 30, 2008, the six months ended September 30, 2007 and 

the year ended March 31, 2007.  

            (2)           Financial Statement Schedules: See Schedule II on page following signatures.  

(b)            Exhibits. See Exhibit Index.  

53 

 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
            
   
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the 

undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.  

SIGNATURES  

Date: December 22, 2008  

Clearfield, Inc. 

By:  /s/ Cheryl Beranek Podzimek  
Cheryl Beranek Podzimek  
President and Chief Executive Officer  

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the 

capacities and on the dates indicated.  

Signature  
/s/ Cheryl Beranek Podzimek  
Cheryl Beranek Podzimek 

/s/ Bruce G. Blackey  
Bruce G. Blackey 

/s/ Ronald G. Roth  
Ronald G. Roth 

/s/ John G. Reddan  
John G. Reddan 

/s/ Stephen L. Zuckerman MD  
Stephen L. Zuckerman 

/s/ Donald R. Hayward  
Donald R. Hayward 

/s/ Charles N. Hayssen  
Charles N. Hayssen 

Title  
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (principal executive officer )  

Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer)  

Director  

Director  

Director  

Director  

Director  

54 

Date  

December 22, 2008  

December 22, 2008  

December 22, 2008  

December 22, 2008  

December 22, 2008  

December 22, 2008  

December 22, 2008  

   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
SCHEDULE II – VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS  

Description  

Allowance for doubtful accounts  
September 30, 2008  
September 30, 2007  
March 31, 2007  

Balance at  
Beginning of  
Period  

Charged to  
Cost and  
Expenses        

Charges to  
Other  
Accounts (1)       

Deductions  
(2)  

Balance at  
End of  
Period  

  $ 

  $ 

78,973   
78,500   
77,831   

  $ 

-  
-  
-  

  $ 

-  
843   
5,550   

  $ 

9,592   
370   
4881   

69,382   
78,973   
78,500   

(1) Represents recovery of bad debt and other adjustments  
(2) Represents write-offs of bad debt  

55 

 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
     
     
  
     
        
        
        
        
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
EXHIBIT INDEX  

Number 
2.1  
2.1  
2.2  
2.3  

3.1  

Description  

Asset Purchase Agreement between CLFD and CSP, Inc.  
Asset Purchase Agreement between CLFD and Americable, Inc.  
Agreement Not to Compete with Peter Lee as part of CSP asset purchase  

Asset Purchase Agreement between Clearfield, Inc.  and Software Moguls India 
Private Limited and S M Infoexpert Private Limited  
Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended to date  

3.1 (a)   Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended to date thru August 25, 2004  

3.2  

Bylaws, as amended and restated to date  

4.1(a)   State of South Dakota Board of Economic Development $300,000 Promissory Note, 

REDI Loan: 95-13-A  

4.1(b)   State of South Dakota Board of Economic Development Security Agreement REDI 

Loan No: 95-13-A dated May 28, 1996  

Page Number or Incorporated  
by Reference to  

Exhibit 2.1 to Form 8-K filed March 31, 2003  
Exhibit 2.1 to Form 8-K filed July 2, 2003  
Exhibit 2.2 to Form 8-K filed March 31, 2003  

Exhibit 2.3 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2005  

Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 
September 30, 2000  

Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 
September 30, 2004  

Exhibit 3.2 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 1999  

Exhibit 4.1(a) to the Report on 10-QSB for the quarter ended June 30, 1996 
(the “June 1996 10-QSB”)  
Exhibit 4.1(b) to the June 1996 10-QSB  

4.2(a)   $700,000 Loan Agreement dated June 24, 1996 by and between Aberdeen 

Development Corporation and Clearfield, Inc.  

Exhibit 4.2(a) to the June 1996 10-QSB  

4.2(b)   $300,000 Loan Agreement dated June 24, 1996 between Aberdeen Development 

Corporation and Clearfield, Inc.  

Exhibit 4.2(b) to the June 1996 10-QSB  

4.2(c)   $250,000 Loan Agreement dated June 24, 1996 by and between Aberdeen 

Development Corporation and Clearfield, Inc.  

4.2(d)   $300,000 Loan Agreement dated June 24, 1996 by and between Aberdeen 

Development Corporation and Clearfield, Inc.  

Exhibit 4.2(c) to the June 1996 10-QSB  

Exhibit 4.2(d) to the June 1996 10-QSB  

4.2(e)   Amended Loan Agreement with Aberdeen Development Corporation and Clearfield, 

Inc.  

Exhibit 4.2(e) to Registrants Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended March 
31, 2004  

56 

 
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Number 
4.2(f)   Purchase Agreement for land with Aberdeen Development Corporation and Clearfield, 

Description  

Inc.  

4.3(a)   Loan Agreement between South Dakota Economic Development Finance and 

Clearfield, Inc.  

4.3(b)   Mortgage and Security Agreement – One Hundred Day Redemption from Clearfield, 
Inc.  to South Dakota Economic Development Finance Authority dated as of June 24, 
1996  

4.4(a)   Subscription and Investment Representation Agreement of NE Venture, Inc.  
4.4(b)   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant for NE Venture, Inc.  
4.5(a)   Certificate of Designation for 2% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock  

Page Number or Incorporated  
by Reference to  

Exhibit 4.2(f) to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2005  
Exhibit 4.3(a) to the June 1996 10-QSB  

Exhibit 4.3(b) to the June 1996 10-QSB  

Exhibit 4.4(a) to the June 1996 10-QSB  
Exhibit 4.4(b) to the June 1996 10-QSB  

Exhibit 4.5(a) filed as a part of Registration Statement on Form S-3 
(Commission File No. 333-33968)  

4.5(b)   Form of common stock warrant issued in connection with 2% Series A Convertible 

Preferred Stock  

Exhibit 4.5(b) filed as a part of Registration Statement on Form S-3 
(Commission File No. 333-33968)  

4.6  

4.7  

4.8  

Common Stock Purchase Warrant issued to Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. to 
purchase 84,083 shares  

Share Rights Agreement dated October 23, 2000 by and between the Registrant and 
Wells Fargo Bank Minnesota NA as Rights Agent  

Common Stock Warrant Purchase Agreement with Peter Lee as part of CSP asset 
purchase  

10.1(a)   Sublease Agreement between the Registrant and Jain-Olsen Properties and Sublease 
Agreement and Option Agreement between the Registrant and Jain-Olsen Properties  

10.1(b)  Amendment and Extension of Sublease Agreement dated August 31, 1999  
10.1(c)   Lease Agreement between Registrant and Jain-Olsen Properties  

*10.2(a)  Stock Option Plan for Nonemployee Directors  

Exhibit 4.6 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended March 
31, 2000 (“2000 10-K”)  
Exhibit 1 to the Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed November 8, 2000  

Exhibit 4.8 to Form 8-K filed March 31, 2003  

Exhibit 10.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-18 filed with the Chicago 
Regional Office of the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 26, 1986  
Exhibit 10.1(b) to 2000 10-K  

Exhibit 10.1(c) to Registrant’s Form 10Q-SB for quarter ended September 30, 
2004  

Exhibit 10.3a to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 1994 (the “1994 10-KSB”)  

57 

   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Number 
*10.2(b) Form of option agreement issued under the Nonemployee Directors Plan  
*10.3   1997 Stock Compensation Plan  

Description  

*10.4  

Insurance agreement by and between the Registrant and Anil K. Jain  

*10.5   Form of Agreement regarding Repurchase of Stock upon Change in Control Event 

with Anil K. Jain and Kenneth A. Olsen  

*10.6   Form of Agreement regarding Employment/Compensation upon Change in Control 

with Messrs. Jain and Olsen  

*10.7   Form of Agreement regarding Indemnification of Directors and Officers with Messrs. 

Jain, Olsen, Ringstad, Roth, Von Wald and Zuckerman  
Sublease agreement between Newport and CLFD  

10.8  

10.9  

Sublease agreement between Veeco Compound Semiconductor and Clearfield, Inc.  

Page Number or Incorporated  
by Reference to  

Exhibit 10.3b to 1994 10-KSB  

Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 1997  

Exhibit 10.5 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 1990  

Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended 
September 30, 1997 (“September 1997 10-QSB”)  
Exhibit 10.2 to the September 1997 10-QSB  

Exhibit 10.7 to Registrant’s Report on From 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2002.  

Exhibit 10.8 to Registrant’s Report of Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended June 
30, 2003  

Exhibit 10.9 to Registrant’s Report of Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2004  

10.9(b)  Amendment to sublease between Veeco Compound Semiconductor and Clearfield, 

Inc.  

Exhibit 10.9 (b) to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended 
September 30, 2004  

*10.10   Ken Olsen Separation Agreement  

*10.11   Stock option agreement with Cheri Podzimek, President of CLFD  

10.12   Agreements on sale of MOCVD Assets  
10.13   Patent and Technology and Revenue Sharing License Agreement  
10.14   Lease agreement between Bass Lake Realty, LLC and CLFD  
*10.15   2007 Stock Compensation Plan  

Exhibit 10.10 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2004  

Exhibit 10.11 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2005  
Exhibit 10.12 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed March 10, 2006  
Exhibit 10.13 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed March 10, 2006  
**  

Exhibit 10.15 to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 POS filed on 
August 24, 2007  

58 

   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Number 
10.16   Amended and Restated Agreement Regarding Employment/Compensation Upon 

Description  

Change In Control  

10.17   Supplemental Separation Agreement with A. Jain  
10.18   Stock Purchase Agreement  
10.19   Promissory Note  
10.20   Guaranty-AK Jain  
10.21   Stock Pledge Agreement  
10.22   Separation Payments Pledge Agreement  
10.23   Agreement to Provide Additional Collateral  
10.24   Non-Compete Agreement  
10.25   2007 Stock Compensation Plan Amended  

14  

Code of Ethics  

23.1   Consent of Grant Thornton LLP  
31.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-

Oxley Act of 2002  

31.2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 

Act of 2002  

Page Number or Incorporated  
by Reference to  

Exhibit 10.16 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  

Exhibit 10.17 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  
Exhibit 10.18 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  
Exhibit 10.19 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  
Exhibit 10.20 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  
Exhibit 10.21 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  
Exhibit 10.22 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  
Exhibit 10.23 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  
Exhibit 10.24 to Registrant’s Report on for 8-K filed June 29, 2007  

Incorporated by reference to  exhibit filed as a part of from S-8  Registration 
number 333-151504  

Exhibit 14 to Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2004  
**  
**  

32.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002  

32.2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002  

**  

**  

59 

   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
*Indicates management contract or compensation plan or arrangements required to be filed as an exhibit to this form.  

** Filed with this Report.  

60  

   
   
   
   
   
Exhibit 23.1 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM  

We  have  issued  our  report  dated  December 22,  2008,  accompanying  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  schedule  included  in  the  Annual  Report  of  Clearfield,  Inc.  and 
subsidiaries,  formerly  APA  Enterprises,  Inc.,  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  September 30,  2008.  We  hereby  consent  to  the  incorporation  by  reference  of  said  report  in  the 
Registration Statements of Clearfield, Inc. on Forms S-8 (File No. 333-74214, effective November 30, 2001; File No. 333-44500, effective August 25, 2000; File No. 333-44488, 
effective August 25, 2000; File No. 333-44486, effective August 25, 2000; File No. 333-136828, effective August 23, 2006 and File No. 333-151504, effective June 6, 2008).  

/s/ Grant Thornton LLP 

Minneapolis, Minnesota  
December 22, 2008  

61  

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
CERTIFICATION  

Exhibit 31.1 

I, Cheryl Beranek Podzimek, certify that:  

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

5.  

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Clearfield, Inc.;  

Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, 
in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;  

Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  included  in  this  annual  report,  fairly  represent  in  all  material  respects  the  financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;  

Clearfield, Inc.’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a 
and 15(e)) for Clearfield, Inc. and we have:  

a)  

b)  

c)  

d)  

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to Clearfield, Inc.;, Inc., including its consolidated subsidiaries, 
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;  

Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to 
provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external purposes  in  accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles;  

Evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of a date and presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of 
the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation; and  

Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  Clearfield,  Inc.’s  internal  control  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  that  has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s control over financial reporting.  

Clearfield, Inc.’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to our auditors and the 
audit committee of our board of directors:  

a)  

b)  

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to 
adversely affect Clearfield, Inc.’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and  

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial 
reporting.  

December 22, 2008  

/s/ Cheryl Beranek Podzimek  
Cheryl Beranek Podzimek  
Chief Executive Officer  

62  

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
CERTIFICATION  

Exhibit 31.2 

I, Bruce G. Blackey, certify that:  

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

5.  

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Clearfield, Inc.;  

Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, 
in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;  

Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  included  in  this  annual  report,  fairly  represent  in  all  material  respects  the  financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;  

Clearfield, Inc.’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a 
and 15(e)) for Clearfield, Inc. and we have:  

a)  

b)  

c)  

d)  

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to Clearfield, Inc.;, Inc., including its consolidated subsidiaries, 
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;  

Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to 
provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external purposes  in  accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles;  

Evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of a date and presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of 
the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation; and  

Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  Clearfield,  Inc.’s  internal  control  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  that  has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s control over financial reporting.  

Clearfield, Inc.’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to our auditors and the 
audit committee of our board of directors:  

a)  

b)  

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to 
adversely affect Clearfield, Inc.’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and  

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial 
reporting.  

December 22, 2008  

/s/ Bruce G. Blackey  
Bruce G. Blackey  
Chief Financial Officer  

63  

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,  
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906  
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002  

Exhibit 32.1 

In  connection  with  the  Annual  Report  of  Clearfield,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  on  Form  10-K  for  the  period  ending  September  30,  2008,  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Cheryl Beranek Podzimek, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge that:  

1.  

2.  

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and  

The information contained in the Report fairly represents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.  

/s/ Cheryl Beranek Podzimek  
Cheryl Beranek Podzimek  
Chief Executive Officer  

64  

   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,  
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906  
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002  

Exhibit 32.2 

In  connection  with  the  Annual  Report  of  Clearfield,  Inc.  (the  “Company”)  on  Form  10-K  for  the  period  ending  September  30,  2008,  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Bruce G. Blackey, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge that:  

1.  

2.  

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and  

The information contained in the Report fairly represents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.  

/s/ Bruce G. Blackey  
Bruce G. Blackey  
Chief Financial Officer  

65