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Cornerstone FS PLC
Annual Report 2020

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FY2020 Annual Report · Cornerstone FS PLC
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Annual Report

For the year ended 31 December 2020

Page  1

Contents 

Strategic Report ........................................................................................................................  

Strategic Framework ..................................................................................................................... 2 

Performance Highlights ................................................................................................................ 3 

Chairman’s Statement .................................................................................................................. 4 

Chief Executive Officer’s Review ................................................................................................ 5 

Our Services ..................................................................................................................................... 8 

Chief Financial Officer’s Review ............................................................................................... 10 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties .............................................................................................. 12 

Governance ...............................................................................................................................  

Board of Directors ......................................................................................................................... 15 

Corporate Governance Report .................................................................................................. 17 

Section 172 Statement ................................................................................................................ 20 

Audit Committee Report ............................................................................................................. 21 

Directors’ Remuneration Report .............................................................................................. 24 

Directors’ Report ........................................................................................................................... 27 

Financial Statements ...............................................................................................................  

Independent Auditor’s Report ................................................................................................... 32 

Consolidated Financial Statements ........................................................................................ 38 

Notes to the Financial Statements ......................................................................................... 43 

Company Information ................................................................................................................. 68 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

   1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Strategic Framework 

Cornerstone is… 

A  payments  focused  fintech  business 
that  makes  managing  currency  simple 
for international SMEs 

With a clear strategy to grow via… 

 Buy-and-build acquisitions 
  Roll-up and integrate independent FX brokers to drive scale and profitability 

 Growing in-house sales capacity 
  Hiring experienced additional sales resource 
  Building our sales and marketing capabilities 

 Developing broader products and services 
  Multi-currency e-money accounts, accounting system integrations and open 

banking services 

 Focusing on larger SME customers 
  UK SMEs underserved by traditional banks 
  Larger clients will drive greater revenues 

…to create value for shareholders. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Highlights 
For the Group for the year ended 31 December 2020 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

Revenue 

£1.7m 

(2019*: £1.2m) 

Payments Flow 

£462m 

(2019*: £336m) 

Number of Clients 

732 

(2019*: 530) 

New Clients Onboarded 

328 

(2019*: 181) 

Transformational Acquisitions 

Post Period 

  FXPress Payment 

Services 

  Avila House 

  Admission to trading on 

AIM raising gross 
proceeds of £2.7m 

Financial Summary 

  Revenue of £1.7m (2019*: £1.2m) 
  Gross margin of 29.8% (2019*: 43.4%) 
  Loss before tax of £2.2m (2019*: £0.08m loss), after incurring £1.2m 
in transaction costs and share-based payments during the year 
  Loss per share of 14.99p (2019*: 0.73p loss) 
  Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 2020 of £0.2m (31 
December 2019: £0.08m) 
  Post period, raised gross proceeds of £2.7m through the 
placing of ordinary shares and convertible loan note facilities 

* For the audited nine-month period to 31 December 2019 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Statement 

I  want  to  begin  my  maiden  statement  as 
Cornerstone’s Chairman by acknowledging 
the contribution of all those involved in our 
successful  IPO  in  April  2021.  A  trusted  and 
dedicated team worked tirelessly to deliver 
our  vision.  We  are  now  Cornerstone  FS  plc 
and  have  embarked  on  an  ambitious 
journey. 

Amid a year of global upheaval, 2020 was a 
for  us;  establishing 
milestone  period 
Cornerstone’s foundations, making two key 
acquisitions,  and  culminating,  post  period, 
in our admission to AIM.  

We  have  come  to  the  market  to  build  a 
significant  business 
in  the  provision  of 
payment  services;  foreign  exchange  and 
currency risk management. We are focused 
on  sector  consolidation,  supported  by 
acquisitions, 
our 
exceptional  team,  and  our  advanced  and 
highly scalable platform.  

expertise 

the 

of 

for 

Our IPO is a key part of this strategy as we 
believe  using  Cornerstone’s  shares  as 
acquisition  currency  will  be  an  attractive 
prospect 
sellers.  Acquisition  and 
integration  will  provide  economies  of  scale 
and enhanced profitability through a lower 
marginal  cost  base.  We  will  also  grow 
organically,  broadening  our  products  and 
services  with  multi-currency  e-money 
accounts  and 
leveraging  open  banking 
services,  as  well  as  increasing  our  sales  & 
marketing  efforts.  Our  in-house technology 
capability  will  enable  expansion  of  the 
range  of  services  and  will  accommodate 
effective integration of acquisitions. 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

is 

the 

small, 

The  UK 

As  our  CEO,  Julian  Wheatland,  discusses 
further  in  his  review,  we  are  delivering  this 
strategy  against  a  supportive  market 
backdrop. 
leading 
international  location  for  foreign  currency 
trading.  Outside  of  the 
large  financial 
institutions, the market is highly fragmented 
comprising  numerous 
specialist 
brokerages  –  many  of  which  are  struggling 
to  meet  increasing  regulatory  burdens  and 
the cost of new technology. We are focused 
on  SME  customers,  an  expanding  segment 
of  the  UK  business 
is 
typically  under-served  by  major  banks  and 
financial  institutions.  In  addition,  the  UK’s 
Open  Banking 
the 
opportunity  for  us  to  develop  additional 
services  and  functionality  complementary 
to  our  existing  offer.  These  trends  support 
our ambitions.    

Initiative  provides 

landscape  that 

We  have  the  people  in  place  who  can 
execute  on  our  strategy.  Our  management 
team  includes  the  founders  of  FXPress  (our 
main operating subsidiary) and also several 
recent  high-calibre  appointments  who, 
together,  bring  extensive  experience  in  the 
foreign  exchange  payments  market  and  in 
building  growth  technology  businesses.  We 
have  an  accomplished  Board  that  has  a 
of 
significant 
experience;  a  track  record  of  delivery  in 
capital markets, corporate governance, and 
finance, as well as commercial expertise.     

breadth 

depth 

and 

I look forward to working with our team and 
engaging  with  our  stakeholders  as  we 
embark on our journey as a listed company 
and bring our strategy to life.  

Elliott Mannis 
Chairman 
7 June 2021 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Executive Officer’s Review 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

is  a  great  pleasure 

It 
to  present 
Cornerstone’s first annual report as a public 
first  as  CEO. 
company  –  and  my 
Cornerstone’s 
IPO,  which 
successful 
occurred,  post  period,  in  April  2021  and 
raised  £2.7m,  was  an  important  milestone 
and  a  key  element  in  our  strategy  to  grow 
the  business  through  acquisition  as  well  as 
continuing  development  of  our  own  highly 
scalable, cloud-based software platform.  

transformational 

The period under review in this annual report 
was 
for  Cornerstone. 
During 2020, we undertook two acquisitions 
to  establish  what  Cornerstone  is  today:  a 
fintech  business  that  makes  managing 
currency  simple  for 
international  SMEs. 
While, along with the rest of the industry, our 
trading volumes were impacted by COVID-
report  that  we 
19, 
I  am  pleased  to 
successfully  navigated 
the  disruption 
caused by the pandemic and progressed the 
delivery of our strategy. 

2020  and 
Our  accomplishments  of 
subsequent 
to  our 
employees, customers, shareholders and the 
Board, to whom I express my gratitude. 

IPO  are 

thanks 

Transformational Acquisitions 

We  completed  the  acquisition  of  FXPress 
Payment Services Ltd (“FXPress”), a provider 
of advanced payment systems as platform-
as-a-service  to  SMEs,  in  September  2020. 
Alongside  this,  we  disposed  of  the  legacy 
Cornerstone  consumer  business,  with 
FXPress  becoming  our  main  operating 
entity, and adopted the name ‘Cornerstone 
FS plc’ (having previously been ‘Cornerstone 
Brands’). This marked our foundational step 
towards  our  goal  of  building  a  significant 
business  in  the  provision  of  international 
payment services for SMEs.  

Shortly thereafter, we acquired Avila House 
Limited  (“Avila  House”),  a  licensed  small  e-
money 
institution.  This  expanded  our 
product  and  service  capability  to  provide 

to  multi-currency 
clients  with  access 
accounts  with 
IBAN  numbers 
individual 
where they can deposit and retain funds for 
future use. By bringing together the e-money 
assets of Avila House and the technology of 
FXPress,  we  signalled  our 
intention  to 
establish  a  portfolio  of  products  and 
services  to  optimise  the  foreign  exchange 
payments  process  for  small-  and  medium-
sized businesses. 

Performance  

Ahead  of  the  COVID-19  outbreak,  FXPress, 
which  is  our  main  operating  entity,  was 
delivering  strong  growth,  with  revenue  for 
the first half of 2020 being 28% ahead of the 
same  period  of  2019.  However,  the  public 
in 
lockdowns  and  associated  reduction 
economic activity led to a contraction in our 
trading volumes. As a result, for the full year, 
we  delivered  slight  growth  on  a  pro  rata 
basis, with revenue of £1.7m for the 12 months 
ended  31  December  2020  compared  with 
£1.2m 
for  the  nine  months  ended  31 
December 2019. 

The majority of this revenue continued to be 
generated  by  clients  we  serve  on  a  white 
label basis, with revenue generated through 
our  introducer  network  (which  is  primarily 
white  label  partners  but  also  introducer 
brokers)  accounting  for  88%  (2019  period: 
84%).  Clients  we  serve  directly  contributed 
12%  (2019  period:  16%)  of  total  revenue.  By 
client  type,  corporates  accounted  for  92% 
of total revenue (2019 period: 91%) and high 
net  worth  individuals  accounted  for  8% 
(2019 period: 9%). As at 31 December 2020, 
we  had  732  active  clients,  compared  with 
530  a  year  earlier,  and  during  the  year 
onboarded 328 new clients (2019: 181).  

trades  accounted 

Spot 
for  94%  of 
transactions (2019 period: 95%), and forward 
currency contracts for 6% (2019 period: 5%), 
and 87% of revenue (2019 period: 90%), with 
the difference reflecting the higher levels of 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
commission 
transactions.   

charged 

on 

forward 

Brexit  

STRATEGIC REPORT 

2020, 

FXPress 

conducted 
During 
transactions between 59 different currency 
(2019  period:  43),  with  88%  of 
pairs 
transactions 
various 
combinations  of  Sterling,  Euros  and  US 
Dollars (2019 period: 89%). 

between 

being 

In  total,  payments  worth  over  £462m  were 
transacted  through  our  platform  in  2020 
compared with approximately £336m for the 
nine months ended 31 December 2019. 

impacted  by 

I am pleased to note that our sales have not 
the  UK’s 
been  directly 
withdrawal from the European Union. While, 
like  the  rest  of  the  UK  financial  services 
industry, we are currently unable to market 
our services into the EU from the UK, we are 
not  prevented  from  doing  business  in  the 
region.  We  have  relatively  few  European 
clients  and  they  have  continued  to  trade 
with  us.  We  are  also  currently  considering 
options to be able to resume marketing our 
services in the EU.    

Product Enhancement 

Markets 

As  part  of  our  continued  and  ongoing 
programme of investment and development 
of  our  cloud-based  technology  platform, 
several  enhancements  were  implemented 
during  the  year.  In  addition  to  integration 
with new banking and payment partners, we 
introduced new platform features including: 
•  virtual  IBANs  to  allow  each  client  to 
have  their  own  account  in  their  name 
with a unique IBAN; 
integration  with  Xero,  a  popular 
accounting platform, to allow seamless 
organisation of payment runs; and 
the  launch  of  payment  tracking,  to 
allow clients to see the progress of their 
payments en route to the payee. 

• 

• 

COVID-19  

As  noted,  COVID-19  and  the  associated 
economic slowdown resulted in a reduction 
in  our  trading  volumes  compared  with  the 
start  of  the  year.  However,  Cornerstone 
successfully  navigated  the  transition  from 
office to home working for our employees, in 
line  with  government  guidance,  and 
implemented  a  number  of  cost  saving 
measures.  Our  operations 
continued 
effectively  with  no  disruption  to  service 
provision.  This  was  achieved  thanks  to  the 
cloud-based  nature  of  our  platform  as  well 
as  the  commitment  of  our  employees  who, 
on behalf of the Board, I would like to thank 
for their efforts.  

The onset of COVID-19 disrupted the growth 
trajectory  of  FX  trading  in  the  UK,  with 
average  daily  turnover  increasing  by  49% 
between  April  2016  and  April  2019  only  to 
decline  by  15%  by  April  2020  (Bank  of 
England’s Foreign Exchange Joint Standing 
Committee  survey).  However,  there  was 
recovery  towards  the  end  of  the  year:  in 
October  2020,  while  10%  below  the  same 
period  of  the  prior  year,  average  daily 
turnover  was  7%  higher  than  six  months 
earlier. In addition, despite the pandemic as 
well  as  the  UK’s  withdrawal  from  the 
European  Union,  the  UK’s  exports  market 
managed to grow by £0.7 billion in 2020.  

Our target market also continued to expand 
in  2020.  The  number  of  SMEs  in  the  UK 
increased during the year. Moreover, a study 
from  Sage  and  Capital  Economics  found 
that, in response to the economic effects of 
COVID-19, many SMEs have turned to cross-
border  trade,  with  67%  of  those  surveyed 
either  taking  or  considering  measures  to 
increase  their  revenue  through  exports  in 
new  markets.  At  the  same  time,  the 
fundamental demand driver for our services 
remains:  SMEs  continue  to  seek  better 
quality  and  more  bespoke  services  than 
those  provided  by  the  major  financial 
institutions  traditionally  dominating  the 
foreign exchange market.        

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Strategy Execution & Outlook 

In 2020, we took the initial steps in executing 
on our growth strategy. We brought together 
the  FXPress  platform  and  business  with  the 
Avila  House  e-wallet  services  under  the 
Cornerstone  umbrella.  We  invested  in  sales 
automation technology as part of our plan to 
increase  our  sales  efforts  and  we  made  a 
strategic  hire  with  the  appointment  of  a 
highly experienced Chief Product Officer. We 
achieved  a  fundamental  milestone,  post 
period, with the completion of our IPO on AIM, 
which lays the foundations for our pursuit of 
further acquisitions. 

Post  year  end,  we  have  seen  volumes 
increase  and  we  have  continued  to  expand 
our  customer  base.  This  year,  we  have 
179  new  customer  accounts, 
opened 
increasing our total number of customers to 
over  810,  which  gives  us  a  strong  base  on 
which to build.  

While  we  are  still  at  the  beginning  of  our 
journey,  with  our  strong  team  and  highly 
scalable  platform,  we  believe  we  are  well-
placed to take advantage of the meaningful 
opportunities  to  build  a  significant  business 
offering  technology-enabled 
international 
payment  services.  We 
look  forward  to 
reporting on our progress. 

Julian Wheatland 
Chief Executive Officer 
7 June 2021

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Services 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We’re on a mission to reimagine the 
treasury and accounting workflow of 
businesses through our flagship product, 
bringing Open Banking, third party 
platforms and online multi-currency 
accounts together to provide finance 
teams with a 360 degree view of their 
financial operations.

Page  2

Chief Financial Officer’s Review 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

I am pleased to present the Chief Financial 
Officer’s Review for the first annual report of 
Cornerstone FS plc. The 12 months ended 31 
December 2020 covers a period prior to our 
IPO  on  AIM  and  primarily  prior  to  the 
establishment of the Group.   

Basis of preparation 

3 

the 

IFRS 

under 

reverse 

time  of 

Cornerstone  completed  the  acquisition  of 
FXPress Payment Services Ltd (“FXPress”) on 
9 September 2020. As FXPress reversed into 
Cornerstone,  when 
it  did  not  have  an 
existing  trade,  the  transaction  cannot  be 
considered  a  business  combination,  as  at 
the 
takeover, 
Cornerstone did not meet the definition of a 
business, 
“Business 
Combinations”. As the transaction is capital 
in  nature  and  completed  through  the  issue 
of shares, it falls within  the scope  of IFRS 2 
‘Share-based  payments’.  Any  difference  in 
the fair value of shares deemed to be issued 
by the legal subsidiary (FXPress) and the fair 
value  of  net  identifiable  assets  in  the  legal 
parent (Cornerstone FS plc) will form part of 
In 
the  deemed  cost  of  acquisition. 
accounting  for  the  acquisition  of  FXPress, 
the  Group  incurred  a  one-off  share-based 
payment  charge 
income 
statement  of  £0.2m.    In  addition,  a  merger 
relief reserve of £5.6m has been created at 
both  the  Group  and  Company  level,  and  a 
negative 
reserve 
reverse  acquisition 
created of £3.1m at the Group level.  

through 

its 

While the consolidated financial information 
has been issued in the name of Cornerstone 
FS  plc,  the  legal  parent,  it  represents  in 
substance the continuation of the financial 
information of the legal subsidiary, FXPress. 
As  such,  the  prior-period  comparatives  for 
the  nine-month  period  ended  31  December 
represent  the  results  of  FXPress  only,  and 
commensurate 
last 
with 
accounting reference period. The results of 
Cornerstone have been added to the Group 
financials  from  9  September  2020.  The 
results  of  Avila  House  are  consolidated 

FXPress’ 

within  FXPress  for  the  period  following  the 
acquisition  on  19  October  2020  (see  note  11 
to the financial statements). 

Financial performance 

The Group’s revenue for the 12 months to 31 
December  2020  was  £1.7m  compared  with 
£1.2m  for  the  nine  months  to  31  December 
2019,  representing  slight  growth  on  a  pro 
rata basis. This reflects a strong first half of 
the  year  being  largely  offset  by  a  weaker 
second half due to the impact of the COVID-
19  pandemic,  as  discussed  further  in  the 
Chief  Executive  Officer’s  Review.  Revenue 
was  generated  almost  entirely  from  the 
provision  of 
foreign  exchange  and 
payments  services  in  the  form  of  spot  and 
forward trades, accounting for 87% and 13% 
of  revenue  respectively  (nine-month  period 
ended 31 December 2019: 90% and 10%).  

The slight increase in total revenue was due 
to  growth  in  the  Group’s  core  revenue 
streams,  namely:  sales  generated  from  its 
introducer  network  (for  revenue  by  origin), 
revenue 
which 
originating via white label partners and also 
introducer  brokers,  and 
from 
corporate clients for revenue by client type.  

comprises 

primarily 

sales 

Revenue by origin  Revenue  generated  via 
the  Group’s  network  of  introducers  was 
£1.4m for 2020 compared with £1.0m for the 
nine-month period ended 31 December 2019, 
accounting  for  88%  of  total  revenue  (2019 
period: 84%). Direct revenue was £0.2m for 
both 2020 and the prior nine-month period, 
accounting for 12% and 16% respectively. 

Revenue by client type Corporate accounts 
remained the largest contributor to revenue 
by  client  type,  generating  £1.5m  in  2020 
(2019  period:  £1.1m),  accounting  for  92% 
(2019 period: 91%) of total revenue. High net 
worth individuals (“HNWIs”) generated £0.1m 
for  both  2020  and  the  earlier  period, 
accounting for 8% and 9% of total revenue 
respectively.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross  margin  for  2020  was  29.8%  (2019 
period:  43.4%)  with  the  reduction  due  to 
both  the  increasing  proportion  of  revenue 
derived through our introducer network and 
that  revenue  being  more  greatly  weighted 
towards  network  partners  who  receive 
higher rates of commission.  

Total administrative expenses were £2.7m in 
2020  compared  with  £0.6m  for  the  nine-
month period ended 31 December 2019. This 
includes: 
•  £0.8m 

the 
acquisitions of FXPress and Avila House 
and to the IPO (2019 period: £nil), which 
completed post year end; 

in  costs 

related 

to 

to 

the 

•  £0.4m in share-based payment charges 
(2019  period:  £nil),  including  a  £0.2m 
reverse 
related 
charge 
acquisition of FXPress; and  
staff  and  consultant  costs  of  £0.9m 
compared with £0.3m in the nine-month 
period ended 31 December 2019  as the 
Group prepared itself for growth and its 
IPO.  

• 

The  Group  recognised  a  loss  before  tax  of 
£2.2m  for  2020  compared  with  £0.08m  for 
the  earlier  period,  which  primarily  reflects 
the  greater  administrative  expenses,  but 
lower  gross  margin.  Loss  per 
also  the 
ordinary share on a basic and diluted basis 
was  14.99  pence  (2019  period:  0.73  pence), 
primarily  due  to  the  greater  loss,  but  also 
due to the larger share capital in 2020 (see 
note 14 to the financial statements).    

Financial position 

As at 31 December 2020, the Group had cash 
and cash equivalents of £0.2m (31 December 
2019: £0.08m). This followed a pre-IPO fund 
raise during the year amounting to £1.0m, of 
which £0.8m was received in cash and £0.2m 
arose  through  the  issue  of  new  ordinary 
shares  to  settle  service  fee  payments. 
During the year, the Group also continued to 
invest in the development of its technology 
platform, which accounted for £0.2m of the 
increase  in  intangible  assets  to  £0.3m  (31 
December 2019: £0.01m). 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

Post period, the Group’s balance sheet was 
strengthened  with  the  raising  of  gross 
proceeds  of  £2.2m  via  a  placing  of  new 
ordinary shares. The Group also has access 
to £0.45m in convertible loan note facilities 
(see note 19 to the financial statements).  

Key performance indicators  

The Group measures its performance using 
the following key indicators: 

  Revenue 

•  Why it is a KPI: This is the main 

source of income to the business 
and drives our business model. 
•  Performance 2020: £1.7m (2019 

period: £1.2m)  

  Payments Flow 

•  Why it is a KPI: This is the volume of 
funds passing through our platform 
and is an indicator of its scalability. 
As we focus on acquisitive growth, 
we expect to see a significant 
increase here without a 
commensurate increase in opex. 
•  Performance 2020: £462m (2019 

period: £336m) 

  New Clients Onboarded 

•  Why it is a KPI: It is a key indicator 

of future revenue growth, especially 
as we build out our product 
enhancements with a focus on 
making customers ‘stickier’. 

•  Performance 2020: 328 (2019 period: 

181) 

  Operating Expenses 

•  Why it is a KPI: Effective control of 
opex is key to the Group’s strategy 
and an indicator of sound 
management. 

•  Performance 2020: £2.7m (2019 

period: £0.6m) 

Judy Happe 
Chief Financial Officer 
7 June 2021 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

The  Directors  consider  the  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  facing  the  Group,  and  the  key 
measures taken to mitigate those risks, are as follows:  

Risk 

How the risk is managed 

Liquidity 

There is a risk that the Group will not 
have  sufficient  capital  to  meet  the 
regulatory capital requirement for an 
authorised financial services business 
and  that  it  is  unable  to  meet  its 
financial obligations when due.  

The  Group  operates  a  matched-
principal  brokerage  model,  meaning 
it executes a matching trade with its 
liquidity provider on receipt of a client 
order.  The  Group  does  not  enter  into 
speculative  trades  or  trades  funded 
from its own balance sheet and does 
not  fund  client  margin  calls  from  its 
own funds.  In addition, the Group has 
an  experienced  finance  team  that 
provides  effective  management  of 
the  Group’s  operational  financial 
exposures,  with  a  strong  focus  on 
cash control. 

Counterparty 

is  a  risk  that  the  Group’s 
There 
services  provider  could 
liquidity 
its  agreement  with  the 
terminate 
Group  or  that  its  systems  may  fail  or 
are  not  operational  for  a  period  of 
time,  which  could  have  a  materially 
the  Group’s 
adverse 
business and operations. 

impact  on 

Competition 

financial 

There  is  a  risk  that  competitors  with 
greater 
resources  may 
develop  software  that  is  superior  to 
the Group’s technology and they may 
also  adopt  more  aggressive  pricing 
models  or  undertake  more  extensive 
advertising 
marketing 
and 
campaigns.  Such  competitors  may 
also  attract 
key 
employees or prospective employees, 
which  could 
level  of 
service that the Group can give to its 
customers or the ability to expand its 
service offering. 

the  Group’s 

impact  the 

The  Group  has  a  very  good  working 
relationship  with  Velocity  Trade 
International Ltd, its liquidity services 
provider,  and  has  been  trading  on 
agreed  terms  for  over  ten  years. 
However,  should  Velocity  choose  to 
terminate the agreement or should its 
systems 
has 
arrangements  in  place  to  transfer  its 
business to another liquidity provider. 

the  Group 

fail, 

Significant  barriers  to  entry  exist  in 
the  markets 
in  which  the  Group 
operates, such as the requirement for 
the 
regulatory  authorisation  and 
technical 
and 
skill, 
experience  required  to  develop  a 
proprietary technology platform.  

expertise 

payments 

The  Group’s  management  has 
extensive  experience  in  the  foreign 
exchange 
market, 
including  of  designing,  building  and 
running  IT  systems  and  departments 
in the financial services sector. A core 
tenet  of  the  Group’s  strategy  is  to 
grow  via  acquisition  to  benefit  from 
the  scalability  of  its  platform  as  well 
as  enhance  its  technology  or  service 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

offering.  The  Group’s  vision 
is  to 
become  an  end-to-end  solution  for 
SME  payments  processing,  which 
would  further  integrate  the  Group’s 
technology 
customers’ 
into 
systems and increase ‘stickiness’.  

its 

the  majority  of 

The  Board  has  established  an 
incentive  scheme 
employee  share 
its  senior 
and 
management 
significant 
shareholders  or  option  holders, 
aligning  their  interests  with  those  of 
the Group. 

are 

The  Group  employs  an  experienced 
Compliance  and  Money  Laundering 
Reporting  Officer  who  is  responsible 
for  monitoring  the  Group’s  activities, 
managing the Group’s regulatory and 
reporting  obligations  and  ensuring 
that  all  FCA 
requirements  are 
adhered to. 

In  addition,  the  Group  retains  the 
services  of  Compliancy  Services,  a 
specialist regulatory and compliance 
advisory  service,  to  support  the 
Compliance  and  Money  Laundering 
Officer. 

Group’s 

experienced 
The 
management team seeks to adapt to 
adverse  conditions.  The  cost  base  is 
closely  monitored  and  cost  saving 
measures  would  be  implemented  to 
maintain  solvency  if  required.  The 
Group’s  vision  is  also  to  broaden  its 
offering  to  become  an  end-to-end 
payments solution provider for SMEs, 
which  would  diversify  the  revenue 
mix. 

is  entirely 
The  Group’s  platform 
deployed  on  Amazon  Web  Services, 
which  is  trusted  by  numerous  major 
organisations  that  require  robust, 
scalable,  secure  and  cost-effective 
services.  AWS  has  a  number  of 
internationally 
recognised 
certifications  and  accreditations 
demonstrating compliance with third-
party assurance frameworks.  

Regulation 

Macro-
economic, 
including 
COVID-19 

Information 
technology 

Limited, 

Services 

subsidiary,  FXPress 
The  Group’s 
Payment 
is 
authorised and regulated by the FCA 
as an Authorised Payment Institution 
and  Avila  House  Limited  is  a  Small 
Electronic  Money 
Institution.  The 
withdrawal of, or any amendment to, 
a regulatory approval required by the 
subsidiaries  or  any  of  their  Directors 
or  employees  could  result 
in  an 
adverse  change  to,  or  the  cessation 
of, the Group’s business or a material 
part thereof.  

for 

foreign 

International  trade  is  a  key  driver  of 
demand 
exchange 
services.  A slowdown in international 
trade  caused  by  global  macro-
economic factors – such as economic 
and  political  conditions,  and  natural 
disasters  and  epidemics,  including 
the  ongoing  impact  of  COVID-19  – 
could  adversely  impact  the  Group’s 
business transaction turnover. 

it 

is  a  risk  that  the  Group’s 
There 
technology 
be 
platform  may 
compromised  or  breached  by  cyber-
attacks  and  that 
is  unable  to 
prevent  or  detect  unauthorised 
access  to,  or  disclosure  of,  clients’ 
confidential  personal  and  financial 
information.  Such  an  event  could 
in  breaches  of  obligations 
result 
under  applicable 
laws  or  clients 
agreements  and  have  an  adverse 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
impact on the Group’s reputation and 
financial performance. 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

Additionally,  the  Group  uses  two 
factor 
utilising 
authentication 
OAuth2  protocol  for  client  login  and 
periodically commissions penetration 
testing of its systems. 

Acquisitions 

is 

its  ability  to 

A  key  risk  to  the  Group  delivering  its 
identify 
strategy 
acquisition opportunities and execute 
successful  acquisitions 
(including 
migrating  those  businesses  onto  the 
is 
Group’s 
dependent  on  a  number  of  factors, 
including sufficient funding.  

platform), 

which 

record 

The  Directors  of  the  Group  have  a 
of 
track 
demonstrable 
business growth through mergers and 
acquisitions,  and 
integration.  The 
Group’s  platform  has  been  designed 
it  has  the 
to  be  scalable  and 
capability  to  process  a  significant 
increase 
transaction  volume 
without  the  need  for  any  redesign  of 
platform architecture. A key element 
of the Group’s acquisition strategy is 
its  ability  to  use 
its  shares  as 
acquisition currency.    

in 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GOVERNANCE 

Board of Directors 

Elliott Michael Mannis, CPA, CA, Non-Executive Chairman  
Committee Membership: Audit Committee, Remuneration Committee 

Elliott is the Chairman and shareholder of London Bridge Capital (an FCA authorised corporate 
finance firm). Elliott was formerly Chief Executive at D1 Oils, an AIM listed biofuels business and, 
prior to that, he was Group Finance Director at AWG, the FTSE 250 holding company for Anglian 
Water. In addition to his role at London Bridge Capital, Elliott is Chairman of Permastore Group, 
the independent non-executive at Infram Energy, and is an ambassador (previously a Trustee) 
for  the  Woodland  Trust.  Elliott  qualified  as  a  Chartered  Accountant  with  Price  Waterhouse  in 
Vancouver,  Canada  and  holds  Canadian  professional  accountancy  designations.  He  has 
worked in Europe, principally the UK, since 1988.  

Julian David Wheatland, CEng, Chief Executive  

Julian is an experienced Chief Executive with an extensive track record of scaling technology 
businesses  through  organic  growth  and  acquisition.  Julian  was  Chief  Executive  of  a  £400m 
international  technology  investment  portfolio  at  Consensus  Business  Group,  before  leaving  in 
2009  to  establish  Hatton  International,  a  finance  and  technology  advisory  firm  providing 
services to the defence and energy sectors. From 2007, Julian served as a non-executive director 
and then chairman of Strategic Communication Laboratories (later renamed SCL Group), which 
subsequently,  in  2017,  acquired  SCL  Analytics,  the  holding  company  for  the  SCL/Cambridge 
Analytica  companies.  From  2015  Julian  was  CFO  and  COO  of  the  SCL/Cambridge  Analytica 
companies and, after these companies experienced significant difficulties, in April 2018 became 
a Director and CEO of these companies in order to achieve an orderly wind down of the business 
and  place  the  companies 
into  administration/bankruptcy.  Julian  has  held  numerous 
directorships in an executive and non-executive capacity, in both private and public companies.  

Judy Amanda Happe, ACA, Chief Financial Officer  

Judy is an experienced corporate executive and Chief Financial Officer with a background in 
fundraising, mergers and acquisitions and post-deal integration. Most recently Judy was CFO of 
XenZone (now AIM listed Kooth Plc). Prior to that Judy was with AVG Technologies for seven years 
including a period after its acquisition by Avast Software in October 2016. Starting as finance 
director,  Judy  moved  through  a  number  of  roles  giving  her  responsibility  for  post-deal 
integration, management and guidance for AVG’s portfolio of acquisitions and acting as joint 
single point of contact during the $1.3bn sale of AVG to Avast. Judy commenced her career as a 
chartered accountant with Saffrey Champness.  

Glyn Anthony Barker, FCA, Independent Non-Executive Director  
Committee Membership: Audit Committee (Chairman), Remuneration Committee 

Glyn is currently a non-executive director of Transocean Ltd, Chairman of Berkeley Group plc, 
Chairman  of  Irwin  Mitchell  and  Senior  Advisor  to  Novalpina  Capital.  Glyn  was  previously 
Managing Partner of PwC UK and Senior Independent Director of Aviva plc.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GOVERNANCE 

Daniel Song Mackinnon, Independent Non-Executive Director  
Committee Membership: Audit Committee, Remuneration Committee 

Daniel (“Dan”) is a corporate financier. After graduating from the University of Oxford, he began 
his career with Rothschild working as an analyst in the Consumer, Real Estate and Healthcare 
teams. He then joined Emerald Investment Partners as Investment Director, working in a small 
team alongside the founder to originate, structure and execute a variety of transactions across 
multiple sectors, jurisdictions and public as well as private markets. Amongst others, this included 
the IPO of Cairn Homes Plc in 2015, raising €440m on the LSE Main Market, the mezzanine debt 
financing component of a £1.6bn fully funded take-private bid for pub company Punch Taverns 
plc in 2016 and the 2018 acquisition of a £180m debt position in Interserve plc and worked on the 
subsequent restructuring, de-listing and equitisation alongside Cerberus, Davidson Kempner & 
Angelo Gordon.  

Gareth Maitland Edwards, Non-Executive Director  
Committee Membership: Audit Committee, Remuneration Committee (Chairman),  

Gareth is a qualified solicitor and was previously a partner at law firm Pinsent Masons LLP, where 
he held both the positions of Global Head of Corporate and International Development Partner. 
He  is  currently  a  strategic  consultant  and  an  Executive  Director  of  London  Bridge  Capital 
Limited,  an  FCA  authorised  corporate  finance  boutique.  He  has  significant  public  markets 
experience  and  is  Chairman  of  Honye  Financial  Services  Limited  and  Senior  Independent 
Director of Alina Holdings plc (previously known as The Local Shopping REIT plc) and Anemoi 
International Limited, which are all quoted on the London Stock Exchange; and he also brings 
significant  AIM  experience  to  the  Board,  having  acted  on  the  AIM  Disciplinary  and  Appeals 
Committee until 2017 and is currently a Non-Executive Director of AIM quoted Various Eateries 
plc and Chairman of Nightcap plc.  

Philip Barry, Non-Executive Director  

Philip  (“Phil”)  is  a  co-founder  of  FXPress.  Having  worked  previously  in  both  the  financial  and 
property sectors, Phil moved to Monaco in 2006 to work with John Paul Thwaytes, another co-
founder of FXPress, to help manage the foreign exchange exposure of a company portfolio. In 
2010, Phil, together with Bill Newton and John Paul Thwaytes founded FXPress.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Report 

The  Board  recognises  the  importance  of 
sound corporate governance and the Group 
has  adopted 
the  Quoted  Companies 
(QCA 
Alliance  Corporate  Governance 
Code). The Board considers that the Group 
complies with the QCA Code in all respects, 
and details of its compliance can be found 
on  the  Corporate  Governance  page  of 
Cornerstone’s website. 

The Board  

is 

for 

responsible 

The  Board 
the 
management  of  the  business  of  the  Group, 
setting the strategic direction of the Group 
and establishing the policies of the Group. It 
is  the  Board’s  responsibility  to  oversee  the 
financial position of the Group and monitor 
its  business  and  affairs  on  behalf  of  the 
shareholders,  to  whom  the  Directors  are 
accountable. The primary duty of the Board 
is to act in the best interests of the Group at 
all times. The Board will also address issues 
relating to internal control and the Group’s 
approach to risk management. 

The Group will hold board meetings monthly 
and whenever issues arise which require the 
urgent attention of the Board.  

Processes  are  in  place  to  ensure  that  each 
Director  is,  at  all  times,  provided  with  such 
information  as  is  necessary  for  them  to 
discharge their duties. 

The Board has adopted Terms of Reference, 
which have a clear and specific schedule of 
matters  reserved  for  the  Board,  including 
corporate  governance,  strategy,  major 
investments, financial reporting and internal 
controls. 

Board Directors  

The  Board  comprises 
two  Executive 
Directors,  a  Non-Executive  Chairman  and 
four  Non-Executive  Directors  of  which  two 
(Glyn  Barker  and  Daniel  Mackinnon)  are 
independent.  The  Board 
deemed  to  be 

GOVERNANCE 

considers 
that  Glyn  and  Daniel  are 
independent  in  character  and  judgement 
and  that  there  are  no  business  or  other 
relationships likely to affect, or which could 
appear to effect, their judgement. The Board 
believes that it has an appropriate balance 
of sector, financial and public markets skills 
and experience, an appropriate balance of 
personal  qualities  and  capabilities  and  an 
appropriate  balance  between  executive 
and non-executive directors. 

The  Non-Executive  Directors  are  expected 
to devote at least two days per month to the 
affairs  of  the  Group  and  such  additional 
time as may be necessary to fulfil their roles. 
Brief  biographical  details  of  each  of  the 
Directors  are  set  out 
in  the  Board  of 
Directors section on pages 15-16. 

Board Committees  

The  Group  has  established  a  remuneration 
committee (the “Remuneration Committee”) 
and  an  audit  committee 
(the  “Audit 
Committee”) with formally delegated duties 
and responsibilities. 

The  Remuneration  Committee  comprises 
Gareth  Edwards  as  Chairman,  Glyn  Barker, 
Dan  Mackinnon  and  Elliott  Mannis,  and 
meets  not  less  than  twice  each  year.  The 
committee is responsible for the review and 
recommendation of the scale and structure 
of  remuneration  for  senior  management, 
including  any  bonus  arrangements  or  the 
award  of  share  options  with  due  regard  to 
the  interests  of  the  shareholders  and  the 
performance of the Group. 

The Audit Committee comprises Glyn Barker 
as  Chairman,  Dan  Mackinnon,  Gareth 
Edwards  and  Elliott  Mannis  and  meets  not 
less  than  twice  a  year.  The  committee  is 
responsible for making recommendations to 
the  Board  on  the  appointment  of  auditors 
and the audit fee and for ensuring that the 
is 
financial  performance  of  the  Group 
In 
properly  monitored  and 

reported. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
addition,  the  Audit  Committee  will  receive 
and  review  reports  from  management  and 
the  auditors  relating  to  the  interim  report, 
the  annual  report  and  accounts  and  the 
internal control systems of the Group. 

Board Effectiveness 

review 

regularly 

The  Board  will 
the 
effectiveness of its performance as a unit, as 
well  as  that  of  its  committees,  and  the 
individual  Directors  and  will  monitor  and 
promote a healthy corporate culture. 

The Non-Executive Chairman is responsible 
for  ensuring  an  effective  Board.  The  Group 
intends  to  establish  a  formal  process  for 
evaluating  the  performance  of  the  Board, 
the committees and the individual Directors 
that 
against 
members  of  the  Board  provide  a  relevant 
and effective contribution. 

its  objectives 

to  ensure 

Shareholder Engagement 

The  Group  will  seek  to  engage  with 
shareholders  to  understand  the  needs  and 
the 
expectations  of  all  elements  of 
shareholder base. 

The 

and 

full-year 

The  Board 
is  committed  to  open  and 
ongoing  engagement  with  the  Group’s 
shareholders  to  understand  the  needs  and 
expectations  of  all  elements  of 
the 
shareholder 
Board  will 
base. 
communicate  with  shareholders  primarily 
through the annual report and accounts; the 
interim 
results 
announcements;  trading  updates  (where 
required  or  appropriate);  annual  general 
meetings;  the  investor  relations  section  of 
the Cornerstone website; and, in due course, 
the  Chief 
regular  meetings  between 
Executive  Officer,  Chief  Financial  Officer 
and  institutional  investors  and  analysts  to 
ensure that the Group’s strategy, financials 
are 
business 
and 
communicated effectively. 

developments 

GOVERNANCE 

relations  by  its  financial  PR  adviser,  Luther 
Pendragon. 

Stakeholders  

The  Board  believes  that  its  stakeholders 
(other than shareholders) are its employees, 
its customers and its counterparties. In order 
to  understand  their  needs,  interests  and 
expectations,  the  Group  will  work  directly 
and  closely  with  customers,  counterparties 
and  staff  to  enhance  its  products  and 
software  platform  to  provide  the  best  FX 
trading experience. 

its  corporate  social 
The  Group  takes 
responsibilities  seriously  and  is  focused  on 
maintaining  effective  working  relationships 
across  a  wide  range  of  stakeholders, 
including  employees,  existing  and  new 
direct 
other 
intermediaries  and  professional  advisers 
that  it  collaborates  with  as  part  of  its 
business strategy, in order to achieve long-
term success. 

Introducers, 

customers, 

The  Executive  Directors  will  maintain  an 
ongoing  dialogue  with  stakeholders  to 
inform strategy and the day-to-day running 
of the business. 

Share Dealing Code 

The  Group  has  adopted  and  operates  a 
share  dealing  code  governing  the  share 
dealings  of  the  Directors  and  applicable 
employees  with  a  view 
to  ensuring 
compliance  with 
the  AIM  Rules.  The 
Directors  consider  that  this  share  dealing 
code  is  appropriate  for  a  company  whose 
shares are admitted to trading on AIM. The 
Group 
to  ensure 
compliance by the Directors and applicable 
employees  with  the  terms  of  the  share 
dealing code and the relevant provisions of 
the AIM Rules. 

takes  proper  steps 

Annual General Meeting  

The  Chief  Financial  Officer  is  the  primary 
contact  for  shareholders  and  there  is  a 
dedicated  contact  facility  for  shareholder 
questions  and  comments.  The  Group 
is 
its  shareholder 
supported 

in  managing 

The  next  Annual  General  Meeting  of  the 
Group will be held at 11.00am on Wednesday 
30 June 2021 at the Group’s head office at 1 
Poultry,  London  EC2R  8EJ.  In  view  of  the 
ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GOVERNANCE 

uncertainty  regarding  restrictions  on  travel 
and  public  gatherings,  the  Directors  have 
decided 
that  shareholders  will  not  be 
permitted  to  attend  the  AGM  in  person.  The 
Board  remains  committed  to  shareholder 
engagement and participation, and therefore 
shareholders will be able to access the meeting 
via teleconference link. Further details can be 
found  in  the  Notice  of  AGM  that  has  been 
published on the Group’s website. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Section 172 Statement 

Section  172  of  the  Companies  Act  2006 
requires each Director of the Group to act in 
the  way  he  or  she  considers,  in  good  faith, 
would most likely promote the success of the 
Group  for  the  benefit  of  its  members  as  a 
whole.  In  this  way,  Section  172  requires  a 
director  to  have  regard,  amongst  other 
matters, to the: likely consequences of any 
decisions  in  the  long-term;  interests  of  the 
Group’s  employees;  need  to  foster  the 
Group’s 
relationships  with 
suppliers,  customers  and  other  material 
stakeholders; 
the  Group’s 
impact  of 
operations  on  local  communities  and  the 
environment;  desirability  of  the  Group 
maintaining a reputation for high standards 
of business conduct; and need to act fairly 
between  members  of 
In 
discharging its Section 172 duties, the Board 
has  considered  the  factors  set  out  above 
and the views of key stakeholders.  

the  Group. 

business 

Details of the key stakeholder engagement 
undertaken, and intended, by the Group to 
inform decision-making and enhance Board 
understanding are set out below. 

Customers 
The Directors engage with direct customers 
on  an  informal  basis  to  ensure  that  the 
Group’s quality, efficiency and service levels 
meet  both  the  standard  expected  by  the 
customer  and  the  very  high  standards  the 
Group sets for itself. 

GOVERNANCE 

Employees 
The  Directors  intend  to  engage  regularly 
with  employees  and  maintain  an  open 
dialogue. Due to the small size of the Group’s 
current  workforce, 
is  currently 
conducted  on  an  ad  hoc  basis,  but  the 
Directors  intend  to  implement  a  formal 
structure as the team expands. 

this 

Counterparties, white label partners and 
introducers   
The Group operates an extensive network of 
white 
introducing  broker 
relationships  and  there  is  a  regular  and 
these  business 
ongoing  dialogue  with 
partners,  proportional  to  their  scale  and 
importance to the Group. 

label  and 

The  Group’s  principal  counterparties,  such 
as its liquidity provider, Velocity, are some of 
its 
stakeholder 
relationships and the Directors aim to have 
regular interaction with these partners. 

standing 

longest 

Investors  
The  Board 
is  committed  to  open  and 
ongoing  engagement  with  the  Group’s 
shareholders  to  understand  the  needs  and 
expectations  of  all  elements  of 
the 
shareholder 
Board  will 
base. 
communicate  with  shareholders  primarily 
through  the  annual  report  and  accounts, 
announcements  issued  via  the  Regulatory 
News  Service  and  the  Annual  General 
Meeting.    There  is  a  dedicated  contact 
facility 
for  shareholder  questions  and 
comments on the website.  

The 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Committee Report 

Dear shareholder, 

I  am  pleased  to  present  Cornerstone’s 
maiden  Audit  Committee  report  following 
our IPO in April 2021. The year under review 
in this annual report covers a period prior to 
the  establishment  of  the  Audit  Committee, 
however  I  wish  to  take  this  opportunity  to 
introduce  you  to  the  members  of  the 
committee and our role going forward.  

Membership and meetings  

The members of the Audit Committee are:  
•  Glyn Barker (Chairman), Independent 

Non-Executive Director 
•  Elliott Mannis, Non-Executive 

Chairman 

•  Gareth Edwards, Non-Executive 

Director 

•  Daniel Mackinnon, Independent Non-

Executive Director  

The  Audit  Committee  members,  which 
include our two Independent Non-Executive 
Directors,  bring  a  wealth  of 
relevant 
financial,  commercial  and  capital  markets 
experience. 
In  particular,  Elliott  Mannis 
qualified  as  a  Chartered  Accountant  with 
Price Waterhouse in Canada and was Group 
Finance  Director  at  AWG,  the  FTSE  250 
holding  company  for  Anglian  Water,  and  I 
had  a  35-year  career  with  PwC,  holding  a 
number of senior posts including Managing 
Partner  and  Head  of  Assurance.  Further 
biographical  details  can  be  found  in  the 
Board of Directors section on pages 15-16.   

intervals 

The Audit Committee will meet at least twice 
a  year  at  appropriate 
in  the 
financial  reporting  and  audit  cycle  and 
otherwise as required. Only members of the 
committee  have  the  right  to  attend  the 
meetings.  However,  the  Chief  Financial 
Officer  and  external  audit  lead  partner  will 
be  invited  to  attend  on  a  regular  basis  and 
other non-members may be invited to attend 
as and when appropriate and necessary. 

GOVERNANCE 

The Company Secretary is secretary to the 
Audit Committee. 

Governance and effectiveness 

Outside  of  the  formal  meeting  programme, 
the  Chairman  of  the  Audit  Committee  and, 
as  appropriate, 
the  other  committee 
members,  will  maintain  a  dialogue  with  key 
the  Group’s 
individuals 
governance,  including  the  Chairman  of  the 
Board  (who  is  a  member  of  the  committee), 
the  Chief  Executive,  the  Chief  Financial 
Officer and the external audit lead partner.  

involved 

in 

its  duties 

The  committee  undertakes 
in 
accordance  with  its  terms  of  reference, 
which  will  be  reviewed  at  least  annually  to 
ensure that they remain fit for purpose and in 
line  with  best  practice  guidelines.  The 
committee  will  arrange  for  periodic  reviews 
is 
of 
operating at maximum effectiveness. 

its  own  performance  to  ensure 

it 

Responsibilities and activities  

services, 

in  a  way  that 

The  Audit  Committee’s  responsibility  is  to 
ensure  that  financial  information  published 
by the Group properly presents its activities 
is  fair, 
to  stakeholders 
balanced  and  understandable.  The  Audit 
Committee  oversees  the  effective  delivery 
of  audit 
including  making 
recommendations  to  the  Board  on  the 
appointment  of  auditors  and  the  audit  fee. 
In  addition,  the  Audit  Committee  supports 
the  Board  in  meeting  its  responsibilities  in 
respect  of  overseeing  the  Group’s  internal 
control systems, business risk management, 
arrangements 
for  whistleblowing  and 
related compliance issues. 

As noted above, going forward we will also 
report  in  the  Group’s  Annual  Report  on  our 
activities during the year under review. This 
include,  among  other  matters,  an 
will 
explanation  of  how  the  Audit  Committee 
has  addressed  the  effectiveness  of  the 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
external audit process; the significant issues 
that the committee considered in relation to 
the  financial  statements;  and  how  these 
issues were addressed. 

Since  its  establishment  in  March  2021,  the 
Audit  Committee  has  met  to  approve  the 
appointment  of  Haysmacintyre  LLP  as 
auditor  and  to  approve  this  Annual  Report 
and  financial  statements.  In  its  advisory 
capacity, the Audit Committee confirmed to 
the  Board  that,  based  on  its  review  of  the 
Annual Report and financial statements and 
internal 
the 
disclosures, the Annual Report and financial 
statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  are  fair, 
balanced and understandable, and provide 
necessary  information  for  shareholders  to 
assess 
and 
its  business  model  and 
performance, 
strategy.  

the  Group’s 

controls 

position 

support 

that 

Risk management and internal controls 

review 

internal  control  and 

In  supporting  the  Board  in  maintaining  an 
effective  internal  control  environment,  the 
Audit Committee will  keep under review the 
Group’s  internal  financial  controls  systems 
risk 
and  other 
management 
the 
systems; 
methodology for reporting risk to the Board; 
set  triggers  for  reporting  and  escalation  of 
significant  emerging 
the 
adequacy  and  security  of  the  Group’s 
its  employees  and 
arrangements 
in 
concerns, 
contractors 
confidence,  about  possible  wrongdoing  in 
financial  reporting  or  other  matters;  and 
review the Group’s procedures for detecting 
fraud  and  preventing  bribery  and  receive 
reports on non-compliance. 

review 

risks; 

raise 

for 

to 

GOVERNANCE 

intend  to  review  the  risk  register  regularly 
throughout the year. 

is  subject  to 

In providing foreign exchange services to its 
clients,  the  Group 
legal 
requirements  to  deter  and  detect  financial 
crime  and 
is  required  to  maintain  a 
framework  with  appropriate  mitigation 
measures  and  control  mechanisms 
to 
manage  the  operational  and  security  risks 
relating to the payment services it provides. 
Accordingly,  the  Group  has  implemented 
policies,  controls  and  procedures 
to 
mitigate and effectively manage the risks of 
money  laundering  and  terrorist  financing. 
The  Group  conducts  reviews  of  its  anti-
money 
using 
specialist  third  party  compliance  experts, 
with  the  most  recent  compliance  audit 
concluding  in  May  2020.  The  Group  is  also 
required to submit regular reports to the FCA 
on a range of subject matters in this regard.  

compliance 

laundering 

Further  details  of  the  Group’s  financial  risk 
management are set out under note 16 to the 
financial statements. 

Internal audit  

audit 

function. 

At  present,  the  Group  does  not  have  an 
internal 
The  Audit 
Committee  believes  that,  owing  to  the 
Group’s size, management is able to derive 
assurance  as 
the  adequacy  and 
effectiveness  of  internal  controls  and  risk 
management  procedures  without  an 
internal  audit  function.  However,  the  Audit 
Committee will keep under review the need 
for an internal audit function as the business 
develops. 

to 

The Group has established a risk framework 
including a risk register that is managed by 
the  Chief  Financial  Officer  and 
risk 
management  policies, 
including  anti-
bribery,  corruption,  anti-money  laundering 
and  financial  crime,  financial  risk,  fraud, 
information 
security 
policies.  The  risk  register  is  intended  to  be 
signed  off  annually  by  the  Board  and 
included  in  the  Annual  Report.  The  Chief 
Executive Officer and the Audit Committee 

technology  and 

External auditor and independence  

Haysmacintyre  LLP  were  appointed  as 
external  auditor  in  April  2021  following  a 
competitive  tender  process.  The  auditor 
confirmed  its  independence  as  auditor  of 
the  Group  through  written  confirmation  to 
the  Group,  and  the  Audit  Committee 
monitors  the  relationship  to  ensure  that 
auditor  independence  and  objectivity  are 
maintained.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GOVERNANCE 

A  summary  of  fees  paid  to  the  external 
auditor,  including  the  breakdown  between 
fees for audit and non-audit services, is set 
out in note 2 to the financial statements. 

Glyn Barker 
Audit Committee Chairman 
7 June 2021 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report 

GOVERNANCE 

The  Remuneration  Committee  presents  its 
report  on  Directors’  remuneration  for  the 
year  ended  31  December  2020.  The 
disclosures  comply  with  the  requirement  of 
the  Companies  Act  2006,  the  Corporate 
Governance  Code 
the  Quoted 
Companies  Alliance  and  applicable  AIM 
Rules.  

of 

Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee was 
established in March 2021 in preparation for 
the Group’s IPO. Its members are:  

•  Gareth Edwards (Chairman), Non-

Executive Director 

•  Elliott Mannis, Non-Executive 

Chairman 

•  Glyn Barker, Independent Non-

Executive Director 

•  Daniel Mackinnon, Independent Non-

Executive Director  

for 

the 

and 

review 

Directors 

The  Remuneration  Committee  will  meet  at 
least  twice  each  year.  The  committee  is 
and 
responsible 
recommendation of the scale and structure 
of  remuneration  for  the  Chairman,  the 
senior 
Executive 
bonus 
including 
management, 
arrangements or the award of share options 
with  due  regard  to  the  interests  of  the 
shareholders  and  the  performance  of  the 
Group.  The  remuneration  of  the  Non-
Executive Directors is a matter for the Board 
or  the  shareholders  (within  the  limits  set  in 
the  articles  of  association).  No  director  or 
senior  manager  shall  be  involved  in  any 
decisions as to their own remuneration. 

any 

Service Agreements 

The Executive Directors are employed under 
service  agreements  that  are  subject  to 
notice  periods,  for  both  the  Group  and  the 
individual,  of  nine  months  for  the  Chief 
Executive  Officer  and  six  months  for  the 
Chief  Financial  Officer.  Their  service 

agreements 
include  standard  summary 
termination provisions and post termination 
restrictive covenants that apply for nine and 
six  months  for  the  Chief  Executive  Officer 
and Chief Financial Officer respectively. 

The  Executive  Directors  are  entitled  to 
receive  an  annual  salary  of  £180,000  and 
£140,000 for the Chief Executive Officer and 
the Chief Financial Officer respectively, with 
an entitlement to a pension contribution and 
discretionary bonus.  

In  addition,  the  Group  has  entered  into 
agreements with the Executive Directors to 
make  an  annual  grant  of  options  equal  to 
5% and 1.5%, for the Chief Executive Officer 
and  Chief  Financial  Officer  respectively,  of 
any  increase  in  the  fully  diluted  capital  of 
the  Company  which  has  occurred  in  the  12 
months  immediately  prior  to  the  date  of 
grant  to  be  exercisable  at  a  price  equal  to 
the average mid-market closing price of the 
Ordinary Shares over the relevant 12-month 
period. 

Letters of Appointment 

Non-Executive  Directors  are  appointed 
under  a  letter  of  appointment  with  the 
Director 
Non-Executive 
Group. 
appointments are subject to notice periods 
of three months for either the Group or the 
individual.  

The Chairman will receive a fee of £50,000 
per  annum  and  is  entitled  to  an  annual 
payment  of  £28,000  payable  through  the 
allotment  of  Ordinary  Shares  priced  at  the 
average  mid-market  closing  price  for  the 
ten  business  days  prior  to  such  payment 
the  audited 
Following 
being  made. 
the  Group 
turnover  of 
consolidated 
exceeding  £8  million,  the  Chairman  will 
become entitled to receive a fee of £65,000 
per  annum  and  his  entitlement  to  payment 
in shares will be £37,000 per annum.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Non-Executive Directors (excluding the 
Chairman) will receive a fee of £35,000 per 
annum and is entitled to an annual payment 
of £20,000 payable through the allotment of 
Ordinary Shares priced at the average mid-
market  closing  price  for  the  ten  business 
days  prior  to  such  payment  being  made. 

Directors’ Remuneration  

GOVERNANCE 

Following the audited consolidated turnover 
of the Group exceeding £8 million, the Non-
Executive  Directors  will  become  entitled  to 
receive a fee of £50,000 per annum and their 
entitlement  to  payment  in  shares  will  be 
£28,000 per annum.  

The following table details the Directors’ remuneration for the years ended 31 December 2020 
and 2019: 

Salary/ 
Fees 
£ 

Bonus 
£ 

Pension 
£ 

Benefits 
£ 

Executive Directors 

Julian Wheatland, CEO1 

85,000 

Judy Happe, CFO2 

22,436 

Non-Executive Directors 

Elliott Mannis, Chairman3 

Glyn Barker3 

Gareth Edwards4 

Daniel Mackinnon3 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Philip Barry5 

9,350 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Total 
2020 
£ 

85,000 

22,436 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,350 

Total 
2019 
£ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1.  Appointed as a director of Cornerstone Brands Ltd on 22 July 2020. Service agreement with 

Cornerstone FS plc effective 1 October 2020. 

2.  Appointed 4 November 2020. 
3.  Appointment effective 6 April 2021. 
4.  Appointed as a director of Cornerstone Brands Ltd on 22 July 2020. Appointment as a Non-Executive 

Director of Cornerstone FS plc effective as of 6 April 2021. 

5.  Philip Barry was a director of FXPress prior to its acquisition by Cornerstone on 9 September 2020 and 
he was paid £58,000 in fees during 2020 (9 months ended 31 December 2019: £21,000), of which £9,350 
covered  the  post-acquisition  period.  Mr  Barry’s  appointment  as  a  Non-Executive  Director  of 
Cornerstone became effective 6 April 2021.    

In addition to the above, a share-based compensation charge of £20,088 was recognised in the 
year  ended  31  December  2020  in  respect  of  options  granted  to  Directors  (as  disclosed  in  the 
following Directors’ Interests paragraph).  The charge represents the fair value of options at the 
date  of  grant,  recognised  over  the  vesting  period  and  comprised  £15,452  in  respect  of  Julian 
Wheatland and £4,636 in respect of Judy Happe. 

Social security costs of £9,453 were incurred in respect of the Directors’ remuneration listed above. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GOVERNANCE 

Directors’ Interests 

During the year to 31 December 2020, the Group granted to directors the following options over 
ordinary shares: 

Date of grant 

Number of 
options 

Earliest date of 
vesting 

Exercise price 

Julian Wheatland, CEO 

2 December 2020 

922,677 

2 December 2021 

50 pence 

Judy Happe, CFO 

2 December 2020 

276,803 

2 December 2021 

50 pence 

The Group also agreed to make an annual grant of additional options to Julian Wheatland and 
Judy Happe equal to 5% and 1.5% respectively of any increase in the fully diluted capital of the 
Group  which  has  occurred  in  the  12  months  immediately  prior  to  the  date  of  grant  to  be 
exercisable at a price equal to the average mid-market closing price of the ordinary shares over 
the relevant 12-month period. 

No other options are held by Directors. 

As at the date of publication of this Annual Report, the interests of the Directors in the share 
capital of the Group were as follows: 

Number of ordinary 
shares 

Percentage of issued 
share capital 

Executive Directors 

Julian Wheatland, CEO 

Judy Happe, CFO 

Non-Executive Directors 

Elliott Mannis, Chairman 

Glyn Barker 

Gareth Edwards 

Daniel Mackinnon 

Philip Barry* 

24,593 

8,196 

199,852 

22,728 

327,952 

0 

3,561,922 

0.12 

0.04 

0.99 

0.11 

1.62 

0 

17.57 

* Philip Barry’s holding includes 356,173 ordinary shares of which he is not the beneficial holder. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report 

audited 

The  Directors  present  their  annual  report 
and 
financial 
statements for the year ended 31 December 
2020. 

consolidated 

Principal Activities 

Cornerstone  FS  plc  provides  international 
payment,  currency  risk  management  and 
electronic  account  services  using 
its 
proprietary  cloud-based  multi-currency 
payments  platform.  The  Group  primarily 
provides  these  services,  on  a  white  label 
SaaS  basis  via  third-party  aggregators,  to 
SMEs  that  engage  in  international  trade.  A 
minority  of  the  Group’s  revenue  is  derived 
from servicing clients directly and from high-
net  worth  individuals.  The  business  also 
provides  same  currency  payment  services 
liquidity 
for 
services to other foreign exchange brokers. 

its  customers  and  provides 

Business Review and Results 

The review of the Group’s business, strategy, 
principal risks and uncertainties and outlook 
are included in the Strategic Report section 
on  pages  2-14.  The  consolidated  financial 
statements for the year ended 31 December 
2020  are  set  out  on  pages  38-67.  The 
Group’s loss after taxation for the year was 
£2.2 million. 

Dividends  

The  Directors  do  not  recommend  the 
payment  of  a  dividend  for  2020.  The 
Directors do not anticipate paying dividends 
for  at  least  two  years  following  the  IPO  to 
enable  the  Group  to  focus  and  apply  its 
resources  to  growth,  both  organically  and 
through acquisition. 

Directors 

The  following  Directors  held  office  during 
the year and up to the date of the approval 
of  these  financial  statements  (unless  as 
otherwise indicated): 

GOVERNANCE 

• 

• 

Elliott  Mannis  (appointment  effective  6 
April 2021) 
Julian Wheatland (appointed as a director 
of Cornerstone Brands Ltd on 22 July 2020; 
service agreement with Cornerstone FS plc 
effective 1 October 2020) 

•  Judy Happe (appointed 4 November 2020) 
•  Glyn Barker (appointment effective 6 April 

2021) 

•  Gareth  Edwards  (appointed  as  a  director 
of Cornerstone Brands Ltd on 22 July 2020; 
appointment as a Non-Executive Director of 
Cornerstone FS plc effective 6 April 2021) 
•  Daniel Mackinnon (appointment effective 

6 April 2021) 

•  Philip Barry (appointment effective 6 April 

2021) 

Biographies of the Directors, including their 
Board committee memberships, are set out 
on  pages  15-16.  Details  of  the  Directors’ 
remuneration and their interests in the share 
capital  of  the  Group  can  be  found  in  the 
Directors’  Remuneration  Report  on  pages 
24-26. 

Directors’ Indemnity 

All Directors and officers of the Group have 
the  benefit  of  the 
indemnity  provision 
contained 
the  Group’s  Articles  of 
Association.  The  Group  also  has  Directors’ 
and Officers’ liability insurance in respect of 
itself and its directors and officers. 

in 

Share Capital 

is  a  public 

incorporated 

limited 
Cornerstone  FS  plc 
company 
in  England  and 
Wales and its shares are quoted on the AIM 
market of the London Stock Exchange. As at 
the  date  of  approval  of  this  Directors’ 
Report, the outstanding issued share capital 
of the Group comprised 20,277,582 ordinary 
shares  of  £0.01  each.  There  are  no  shares 
held 
in  treasury.  Further  detail  on  the 
Group’s share capital can be found in note 
14 to the financial statements. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Significant Shareholders 

As at the date of approval of this Directors’ Report, to the best of the Group’s knowledge, the 
following shareholders had a significant interest in the Group’s issued share capital:  

GOVERNANCE 

Number of shares 

% of issued share capital 

Name 

Philip Barry* 

William Newton** 

Stephen Flynn 

John Paul Thwaytes 

Robert Lee 

Terence Everson 

3,561,922 

2,530,787 

2,435,442 

1,605,569 

1,426,635 

773,690 

Vela Technologies plc 

645,902 

David Ryan*** 

622,000 

17.57 

12.48 

12.01 

7.92 

7.04 

3.82 

3.19 

3.07 

*  Philip  Barry’s  holding  includes  356,173  ordinary  shares  of  which  he  is  not  the  beneficial  owner 
**  William  Newton’s  holding  includes  81,967  ordinary  shares  registered  in  the  name  of  his  wife 
*** David Ryan’s holding includes 270,000 ordinary shares registered in the name of his wife 

Subsequent Events 

On 26 February 2021, 24,326 Ordinary Shares 
were issued at a price of £0.407 each on the 
exercise of warrants. 

On 17 March 2021, the Company and William 
Newton  entered  into  a  facility  to  borrow 
£350,000  from  William  Newton  at  any  time 
until 31 December 2023 on not less than 20 
Business Days’ notice in consideration of the 
Company  issuing  William  Newton  with  6% 
unsecured convertible loan notes 2024. 

On 25 March 2021, the Company and Robert 
Lee  entered 
into  a  facility  to  borrow 
£100,000 from Robert Lee at any time until 31 
December 2023 on not less than 20 Business 
in  consideration  of 
Days’  notice 
the 
Company 
issuing  Robert  Lee  with  6% 
unsecured  convertible  loan  notes  2024.  A 
drawdown notice was issued to Mr Lee on 17 
May  2021  requesting  payment  of  the 
£100,000 loan by 14 June 2021. 

loan  notes  2024  bear 
The  convertible 
interest at the rate of 6% per annum and will 
be redeemable on the occurrence of usual  

events  of  default  and,  in  any  event,  on  31 
March  2024.  They  may  be  converted  in 
tranches of £50,000 at a subscription price 
of  61  pence  per  share  at  any  time  until  a 
redemption notice is served. 

On 6 April 2021 the Company was admitted 
to AIM, London Stock Exchange's market for 
small  and  medium  size  growth  companies. 
The  Company  placed  3,664,648  new 
ordinary  shares  at  a  price  of  61  pence  per 
ordinary  share,  raising  gross  proceeds  of 
£2,235,435.  The  shares  sold  under  the 
placing represent approximately 18 per cent 
of  the  Company's  issued  share  capital.  In 
listing, 
connection  with  the  Company’s 
63,114  warrants  were 
the 
Company’s  broker,  Peterhouse  Capital 
Limited,  on  6  April  2021  with  an  exercise 
price of 61 pence per share and expiry date 
of 6 April 2023.  

issued 

to 

There are no other events subsequent to the 
balance sheet date that require disclosure in 
these financial statements. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Financial Instruments 

Disclosures  regarding  financial  instruments 
are  provided  in  note  16  to  the  financial 
statements.  

Donations  

The  Group  did  not  make  any  political  or 
charitable donations during the year. 

Corporate Governance 

review  of 

A 
the  Group’s  corporate 
governance  is  provided  in  the  Corporate 
Governance Report on pages 17-19. 

Stakeholder Engagement  

Details  of  the  Group’s  engagement  with 
stakeholders can be found in the Section 172 
Statement on page 20 and in the Corporate 
Governance Report on pages 17-19. 

Auditor  

Haysmacintyre  LLP  have  expressed  their 
willingness to continue in office as auditor. A 
resolution  to  reappoint  Haysmacintyre  as 
the Group’s auditor will be proposed at the 
Annual  General  Meeting  on  Wednesday  30 
June 2021. 

Disclosure of Information to Auditor  

The Directors who held office at the date of 
approval  of  this  Directors’  Report  confirm 
that, so far as they are each aware, there is 
no  relevant  audit  information  of  which  the 
Group’s  auditors  are  unaware;  and  each 
Director  has  taken  all  the  steps  they  might 
reasonably be to have taken as a Director to 
make  themselves  aware  of  any  relevant 
audit  information  and  to  establish  that  the 
Group’s auditor is aware of that information. 

Going Concern 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2020, 
the Group made a loss of £2,154,698, which 
has resulted in the balance sheet showing a 
net liabilities position of £135,923. Post year-
end, 
the  Group’s  balance  sheet  was 
strengthened  with  the  raising  of  gross 

GOVERNANCE 

proceeds  of  £2.2m  via  a  placing  of  new 
ordinary  shares  following  the  Company’s 
admission  to  AIM.  The  Group  also  has 
access  to  £0.45m  in  convertible  loan  note 
facilities.  

The  Directors  have  prepared  a  cash  flow 
forecast  covering  a  period  extending  24 
months  from  31  December  2020.  The 
Directors  have  taken 
into  account  the 
placing  proceeds  mentioned  above,  the 
historical growth and the inherent risks and 
uncertainties  facing  the  Group’s  business, 
and have derived forecast assumptions that 
are  their  best  estimate  of  the  future 
development  of  Group’s  business.  The 
Directors  have  also  run  various  scenario 
planning  forecasts  alongside  their  best-
estimate  forecast  assumptions  which  all 
to 
indicate  sufficient  cash 
continue  to  finance  the  Group’s  working 
capital  requirements  over  the  forecast 
period. 

resources 

The  Directors  are  mindful  of  COVID-19  and 
the impact that this has had on operations is 
discussed further in note 20. The Board have 
reviewed forecasts in light of this and do not 
consider 
to  be  any  material 
uncertainties  pertaining  to  the  Group’s 
ability  to  discharge  its  liabilities  as  they 
arise.  

there 

For these reasons, the Directors continue to 
the  going  concern  basis  of 
adopt 
the  Group’s 
accounting 
financial statements. 

in  preparing 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities  

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing 
the  Strategic  Report,  the  Directors’  Report 
and the financial statements in accordance 
with applicable law and regulations. 

Company 
law  requires  the  Directors  to 
prepare  Group  and  Company  financial 
statements  for  each  financial  year.  The 
Directors  are  required  by  the  AIM  Rules  of 
the  London  Stock  Exchange  to  prepare 
Group  financial  statements  in  accordance 
International  Financial  Reporting 
with 
Standards 
(“IFRS”)  as  adopted  by  the 
European  Union  (“EU”)  and  have  elected 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
the 
under  company 
Company 
in 
accordance with IFRS as adopted by the EU. 

to  prepare 
statements 

law 
financial 

The financial statements are required by law 
and IFRS adopted by the EU to present fairly 
the  financial  position  and  performance  of 
the  Group  and  Company;  the  Companies 
Act  2006  provides 
in  relation  to  such 
financial  statements  that  references  in  the 
relevant  part  of  that  Act  to  financial 
statements  giving  a  true  and  fair  view  are 
references 
fair 
presentation. 

their  achieving  a 

to 

Under company law the Directors must not 
approve  the  financial  statements  unless 
they are satisfied that they give a true and 
fair view of the state of affairs of the Group 
and the Company and of the profit or loss of 
the Group for that period. 

In  preparing  each  of  the  Group  and 
the 
Company 
Directors are required to: 

statements, 

financial 

• 

select suitable accounting policies and 
then apply them consistently; 

•  make 

judgements  and  accounting 
estimates  that  are  reasonable  and 
prudent; 
state whether they have been prepared 
in accordance with IFRS adopted by the 
EU; and 

• 

GOVERNANCE 

inappropriate  to  presume  that  the 
Group and the Company will continue in 
business. 

the  Company’s 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  keeping 
adequate  accounting  records  that  are 
sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the  Group’s 
transactions  and 
and 
disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at  any 
time the financial position of the Group and 
the  Company  and  enable  them  to  ensure 
that  the  financial  statements  comply  with 
the  Companies Act 2006.  They  are  also 
responsible  for  safeguarding  the  assets  of 
the Group and the Company and hence for 
taking  reasonable  steps  for  the  prevention 
and  detection  of 
fraud  and  other 
irregularities. 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the 
maintenance and integrity of the corporate 
and  financial  information  included  on  the 
Group’s website. 

Legislation in the United Kingdom governing 
the  preparation  and  dissemination  of 
financial  statements  may  differ 
from 
legislation in other jurisdictions. 

On behalf of the Board 

Julian Wheatland 
Chief Executive Officer 
7 June 2021

•  prepare the financial statements on the 
is 

going  concern  basis  unless 

it 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

TO THE MEMBERS OF CORNERSTONE FS PLC 

Opinion 

We have audited the financial statements of Cornerstone FS PLC (the “Parent Company”) and its 
subsidiaries  (the  “Group”)  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2020  which  comprise  the 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income,  the  Consolidated  and  Parent  Company 
Statement  of  Financial  Position,  the  Consolidated  and  Parent  Company  Statements  of  Cash 
Flows, the Consolidated and Parent Company Statements of Changes in Equity and notes to the 
financial  statements,  including  a  summary  of  significant  accounting  policies.  The  financial 
reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  their  preparation  is  applicable  law  and 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. 

In our opinion, the financial statements: 

•  give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s affairs 

as at 31 December 2020 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended; 

•  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRSs  as  adopted  by  the  European 

Union; and 

•  have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) 
and  applicable  law.  Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the 
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are 
independent of the Group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to 
listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these 
requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate 
to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern 

In  auditing  the  financial  statements,  we  have  concluded  that  the  directors’  use  of  the  going 
concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.  

Our  audit  procedures  to  evaluate  the  directors’  assessment  of  the  Group  and  the  Parent 
Company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included, but were 
not limited to: 

•  Undertaking an initial assessment at the planning stage of the audit to identify events or 
conditions  that  may  cast  significant  doubt  on  the  Group  and  the  Parent’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern; 

•  Evaluating the methodology used by the directors to assess the Group and the Parent’s 

ability to continue as a going concern; 

•  Reviewing the directors’ going concern assessment and evaluating the key assumptions 

used and judgments applied; 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      32 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

•  Reviewing  the  liquidity  headroom  and  applying  a  number  of  sensitivities  to  the  base 
forecast assessment of the directors to ensure there was sufficient headroom to adopt 
the going concern basis of accounting; 

•  Reviewing the appropriateness of the directors’ disclosures in the financial statements.  

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating 
to  events  or  conditions  that,  individually  or  collectively,  may  cast  significant  doubt  on  the 
Group's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when 
the financial statements are authorised for issue.    

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are 
described in the relevant sections of this report.    

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance 
in our audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant 
assessed  risks  of  material  misstatement  (whether  or  not  due  to  fraud)  we  identified.    These 
matters included those which had the greatest effect on the overall audit strategy, the allocation 
of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were 
addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our 
opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.  

Key Audit Matter Description 

How the matter was addressed in the audit 

Reverse  Acquisition accounting  in the Group’s  
financial statements 

On  9  September  2020  the  Parent  Company 
acquired  the  entire  share  capital  of  FXPress 
Payment Services Limited (“FXPress”) satisfied by 
the  issue  of  1,401,275,638  ordinary  shares  for  a 
consideration of £5,697,773.  

The  acquisition  has  been  treated  as  a  Reverse 
Takeover since following the transaction, 96.42% 
of the shares in the Parent Company, were owned 
by previous FXPress shareholders. 

The  Parent  Company  did  not  have  an  existing 
trade  prior  to  the  transaction  and  therefore  did 
in 
not  meet  the  definition  of  a  business, 
accordance with IFRS 3: “Business Combinations” 
(“IFRS 3”) 

The transaction could not be considered to be a 
business combination and has been treated as a 
share-based payment transaction in accordance 
with IFRS 2 Share-based Payment (“IFRS 2”) 

There is a risk that the accounting treatment does 
not follow the requirements of IFRS 2 and IFRS 3.  

Our  audit  work  reviewed  and  considered  the 
Board’s assessment that the: 

• 

Transaction was a Reverse Takeover 

•  Parent Company was not a business prior 
to  the  transaction  and  therefore  the 
transaction  was 
business 
combination 

not 

a 

• 

Transaction  was  a  share-based  payment 
within the scope of IFRS 2 

We  also  reviewed  the  valuation  of  the  share-
based  payment  of  £211,000  and 
the 
assumptions  which  underpinned  it,  as  well  as 
the  consolidation  adjustments  in  respect  of 
the transaction.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      33 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

The  Board  assessed  the  full  details  of  the 
takeover,  concluding  that  the  legal  acquirer 
could not be defined as a business and therefore 
the  accounting 
in 
treatment 
accordance with IFRS 2 and not IFRS 3. 

should  be 

This  has  been  reflected  within  the  financial 
statements.  

Valuation  of 
in 
Company’s financial statements 

investments 

the  Parent 

How the matter was addressed in the audit 

The Parent Company acquired a new subsidiary, 
FX Press. 

Our  audit  work  considered,  but  was  not 
restricted to, the following work: 

The  Parent  Company’s  Statement  of  Financial 
Position as at 31 December 2020 includes a total 
investment of £6,147,773, in 100% of the ordinary 
share capital of FXPress. 

There  is  a  risk  that  this  investment  might  be 
overstated within the financial statements.  

The  Board  concluded  that  there  no  impairment 
required to the carrying value of the investment, 
based  on  their  assessment  of  the  forecasted 
future  cash  flows  of  the  business  and  the 
proximity of the acquisition to the year-end.  

Since  31  December  2020,  the  Parent  Company 
has floated on AIM and raised cash to support its 
growth plans.   

Our application of materiality 

•  A review of the calculation of the valuation 
of  the  initial  investment  in  FXPress  in  line 
with  the  transaction  documentation  to 
ensure that the value had been calculated 
correctly. 

•  A  review  of  the  impairment  assessment 
prepared  by  the  Board  in  respect  of  the 
carrying value of the investment in FXPress 
in  accordance  with 
forecast 
performance in all scenarios. 

the 

•  A  review  of  post  year-end  activity  of  the 

business. 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, in evaluating the 
effect of misstatements and in forming an option. For the purpose of determining whether the 
financial  statements  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  we  define  materiality  as  the 
magnitude  of  a  misstatement  or  an  omission  from  the  financial  statements,  or  related 
disclosures, that would make it probable that the judgment of a reasonable person, relying on 
the information would have been changed or influenced by the misstatement or omission. We 
also  determine  a  level  of  performance  materiality,  which  we  used  to  determine  the  extent  of 
testing need, to reduce to an appropriately low level the risk that the aggregate of uncorrected 
and undetected misstatement exceeds materiality for the financial statements as a whole.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      34 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

The  materiality  for  the  Group  financial  statements  as  a  whole  was  set  at  £118,000.  This  was 
determined with reference to a combination of 2% of gross assets of the Parent Company, since 
a  key  performance  indicator  ("KPI")  is  the  valuation  of  the  business  and  5%  of  the  projected 
Group loss for the year, the loss being a combination of both the revenue and operating expenses 
KPIs in an exceptional year. 

On the basis of our risk assessment and review of the Group’s control environment, performance 
materiality was set at 75% of materiality, being £88,500. 

The  reporting  threshold  to  the  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  was  set  as  5%  of  materiality,  being 
£5,900. If in our opinion differences below this level warranted reporting on qualitative grounds, 
these would also be reported.  

The materiality for the Parent Company financial statements was set at the same level as noted 
above. 

On the basis of our risk assessment and review of the Parent Company’s control environment, 
performance materiality was set at 75% of materiality, being £88,500 and the reporting threshold 
was the same as the Group. 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Our audit scope included all components of the Group which are all registered companies in the 
United Kingdom. Our assessment of audit risk, our evaluation of materiality and our allocation of 
performance  materiality  determine  our  audit  scope  for  the  Group.  This  enables  us  to  form  an 
opinion on the financial statements. We take into account size, risk profile, the organisation of 
the  Group  and  the  internal  control  environment  when  assessing  the  level  of  work  to  be 
performed.  

Based on our assessment of the accounting processes, the industry in which the Group operates 
and  the  control  environment  we  concluded  that  it  was  appropriate  to  undertake  an  entirely 
substantive audit approach. Our audit procedures included testing of income and expenditure, 
assets, liabilities and equities. We have set out how we tested the key audit matters in the Key 
Audit Matters section above.  

Other information 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information.  The  other  information  comprises  the 
information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s 
report  thereon.  Our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements  does  not  cover  the  other  information 
and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon.  

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other 
information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent 
with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be 
materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material  inconsistencies  or  apparent  material 
misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine  whether  there  is  a  material  misstatement  in  the 
financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work 
we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, 
we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      35 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year 
for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; 
and 
the  strategic  report  and  the  directors’  report  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
applicable legal requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and the Parent company and its 
environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements 
in the strategic report or the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies 
Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

•  adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept  by  the  Parent  Company,  or  returns 

• 

adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records 
and returns; or 

•  certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of directors 

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible 
for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair  view,  and  for  such  internal  control  as  the  directors  determine  is  necessary  to  enable  the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to 
fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and 
the Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters 
related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors 
either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a 
whole  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an 
auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but 
is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a 
material  misstatement  when  it  exists.  Misstatements  can  arise  from  fraud  or  error  and  are 
considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to 
influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      36 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, 
including fraud. 

Based on our understanding of the company and industry, we identified that the principal risks 
of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations  related  to  regulatory  requirements  for  the 
Investment advisory business and trade regulations, and we considered the extent to which non-
compliance might have a material effect on the financial statements. We also considered those 
laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial statements 
such as the Companies Act 2006, income tax, payroll tax and sales tax. 

We  evaluated  management’s  incentives  and  opportunities  for  fraudulent  manipulation  of  the 
financial statements (including the risk of override of controls), and determined that the principal 
risks were related to posting inappropriate journal entries to revenue and management bias in 
accounting estimates. Audit procedures performed by the engagement team included: 

Inspecting correspondence with regulators and tax authorities; 

• 
•  Discussions with management including consideration of known or suspected instances of 

• 
• 

non-compliance with laws and regulation and fraud; 
Evaluating management’s controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities; 
Identifying  and  testing  journals,  in  particular  journal  entries  posted  with  unusual  account 
combinations, postings by unusual users or with unusual descriptions; and 

•  Challenging assumptions and judgments made by management in their critical accounting 

estimate. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on 
the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s  website  at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This 
description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 
of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state 
to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditor's report 
and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our 
audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Simon Wilks 
(Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of Haysmacintyre LLP 
Statutory Auditors 
Date: 7 June 2021  

          10 Queen Street Place 
                                      London  
                    EC4R 1AG 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      37 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Group Statement of Comprehensive Income  
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

REVENUE 
Cost of sales 

GROSS PROFIT 

ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES 
Share-based compensation 
Further adjustments to underlying profit from operations (see below) 
Other administrative expenses 

TOTAL ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES 

Underlying loss from operations 
Stated after the add back of: 
- share-based compensation on reverse acquisition 
- other share-based compensation 
- transaction costs 

LOSS FROM OPERATIONS 

Finance and other income 
Finance costs 

LOSS BEFORE TAX 

Income tax expense 

LOSS FOR THE YEAR 

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE LOSS FOR THE YEAR 

Loss per ordinary share – basic & diluted (pence) 

Year  
ended  
31 December 
2020 
£  

9-month 
period ended  
31 December 
2019 
£  

Notes 

1 

1,664,237 
(1,167,929) 

1,240,938 
(702,000) 

496,308 

538,938 

2 
14 

14 
14 

2 

3 
3 

6 

7 

(358,443) 
(793,577) 
(1,499,589) 

- 
- 
(620,117) 

(2,651,609) 

(620,117) 

(1,003,281) 

(81,179) 

211,281 
147,162 
793,577 

- 
- 
- 

(2,155,301) 

(81,179) 

603 
- 

- 
(370) 

(2,154,698) 

(81,549) 

- 
 ________ 

- 
 ________ 

(2,154,698) 

(81,549) 

(2,154,698) 

(81,549) 

(14.99) 
 _______ 

(0.73) 
 _______ 

All amounts are derived from continuing operations. 

The Notes to the Financial Statements form an integral part of these financial statements. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      38 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Group and Company Statement of Financial Position  
As at 31 December 2020 

ASSETS 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS 
Intangible assets 
Tangible assets 
Investments 

CURRENT ASSETS 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
EQUITY 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Share-based payment reserve 
Merger relief reserve  
Reverse acquisition reserve 
Retained earnings 

TOTAL EQUITY 

CURRENT LIABILITIES 
Trade and other payables 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

Group  
31 
December 
2020 
£  

Group 
31 
December 
2019 
£  

Company 
31 
December 
2020 
£ 

Company 
31  
July 
2020 
£ 

Notes 

8 
9 
10 

12 

14 

13 

320,972 
8,464 
- 
 _______ 
329,436 

570,159 
183,675 
 _______ 
753,834 
 _______ 
1,083,270 
 _______ 

165,887 
951,422 
54,215 
5,557,645 
(3,140,631) 
(3,724,461) 
 _______ 
(135,923) 
 _______ 

1,219,193 
 _______ 
1,083,270 
 _______ 

6,076 
1,050 
- 
 _______ 
7,126 

355,370 
78,265 
 _______ 
433,635 
 _______ 
440,761 
 _______ 

91,559 
1,543,988 
- 
- 
- 
(1,569,763) 
 _______ 
65,784 
 _______ 

374,977 
 _______ 
440,761 
 _______ 

226,278 
- 
6,147,773 
 _______ 
6,374,051 

238,810 
96,394 
 _______ 
335,204 
 _______ 
6,709,225 
 _______ 

165,887 
951,422 
54,215 
5,557,645 
- 
(1,083,751) 
 _______ 
5,645,418 
 _______ 

1,063,837 
 _______ 
6,709,255 
 _______ 

- 
- 
100 
 _______ 
100 

95,000 
- 
 _______ 
95,000 
 _______ 
95,100 
 _______ 

286 
8,186,967 
- 
- 
- 
(8,092,153) 
 _______ 
95,100 
 _______ 

- 
 _______ 
95,100 
 _______ 

A separate profit and loss account for the parent company is omitted from the Group financial statements 
by virtue of section 408 of the Companies Act 2006. The Company loss for the five-month period ended 31 
December 2020 was £1,173,655 (seven-month period ended 31 July 2020: profit of £63,418). 

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 7 June 2021 
and are signed on its behalf by: 

Julian Wheatland 
Chief Executive Officer

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      39 

 
 
                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                               FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Group Statement of Changes in Equity  
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Balance at 1 April 2019 

Issue of shares 
Loss and total comprehensive income for the year 

Balance at 31 December 2019 

Parent company reflected on reverse acquisition 
Issue of FXPress Payment Services Ltd shares prior to acquisition 
Share-based payments for FXPress Payment Services Ltd shares 
prior to acquisition 
Costs of raising equity in FXPress Payment Services Ltd 
Reverse acquisition adjustment 
Issue of shares 
Issue of consideration shares 
Costs of raising equity 
Share-based payments (note 14) 
Loss and total comprehensive income for the year 

Balance at 31 December 2020 

Share capital 
£ 
82,496 

Share premium 
£ 
1,146,676 

Share-based 
payment 
reserve 
£ 
- 

9,063 
- 
_______ 
91,559 

5,197 
12,037 

- 
- 
(103,596) 
20,562 
140,128 
- 
- 
- 
 _______ 
165,887 
 _______ 

397,312 
- 
_______ 
1,543,988 

- 
565,426 

- 
(50,000) 
(2,059,414) 
1,007,557 
- 
(56,135) 
- 
- 
 _______ 
951,422 
 _______ 

- 
- 
_______ 
- 

- 
- 

92,947 

(92,947) 
- 
- 
- 
54,215 
- 
_______ 
54,215 
_______ 

Merger relief 
reserve 
£ 
- 

- 
- 
_______ 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
5,557,645 
- 
- 
- 
_______ 
5,557,645 
_______ 

Reverse 
acquisition 
reserve 
£ 
- 

- 
- 
_______ 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
2,557,142 
- 
(5,697,773) 
- 
- 
- 
_______ 
(3,140,631) 
_______ 

Retained 
earnings 
£ 
(1,488,214) 

- 
(81,549) 
_______ 
(1,569,763) 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(2,154,698) 
_______ 
(3,724,461) 
_______ 

Total  
£ 
(259,042) 

406,375 
(81,549) 
_______ 
65,784 

5,197 
577,463 

92,947 
(50,000) 
301,185 
1,028,119 
- 
(56,135) 
54,215 
(2,154,698) 
_______ 
(135,923) 
_______ 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

40 

 
 
 
 
               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity  
For the five months ended 31 December 2020 

Share  
capital 
£ 

Share 
premium 
£ 

Balance at 1 January 2020 
Profit and total comprehensive 
income for the period 

286 

8,186,967 

- 

- 

Balance at 31 July 2020 

286 

8,186,967 

Bonus issues 
Capital reduction 
Issue of consideration shares 
Issue of other shares 
Costs of raising equity 
Share-based payments 
Loss and total comprehensive 
income for the period 

Balance at 31 December 2020 

4,911 
- 
140,128 
20,562 
- 
- 

- 
 _______ 

165,887 
 _______ 

(4,911) 
(8,182,057) 
- 
1,007,558 
(56,135) 
- 

- 
 _______ 

951,422 
 _______ 

Share-
based 
payment 
reserve 
£ 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
54,215 

- 
_______ 

54,215 
_______ 

Merger relief 
reserve 
£ 

Retained   
earnings 
£ 

Total  
£ 

- 

- 

- 

(8,155,571) 

31,682 

63,418 

63,418 

(8,092,153) 

95,100 

- 
- 
5,557,645 
- 
- 
- 

- 
8,182,057 

- 
- 
- 

- 
_______ 

(1,173,655) 
_______ 

5,557,645 
_______ 

(1,083,751) 
_______ 

- 
- 
5,697,773 
1,028,120 
(56,135) 
54,215 

(1,173,655) 
_______ 

5,645,418 
_______ 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Group and Company Cash Flow Statement 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Group  
Year ended  
31 December 
2020  

Notes 

£  

Group 
9-month 
period 
ended  
31 December 
2019 
£ 

Company  
5-month 
period 
ended  
31 December 
2020  
£  

Company 
7-month 
period 
ended  
31 July 2020  

£  

(2,154,698) 

(81,549) 

(1,173,655) 

63,418 

3 
3 
14 
8,9 

(603) 
- 
358,443 
22,270 

- 
370 
- 
3,656 

(603) 
- 
54,215 
16,638 

- 
- 
- 
26,541 

(83,297) 

(120,731) 

(370,302) 

800,188 

1,000,240 
_______ 

(857,645) 

- 
 _______ 
(857,645) 

96,290 
 _______ 

1,069,655 
_________ 

(1,315,279) 
 _______ 

(101,964) 

(404,052) 

(425,132) 

- 
 _______ 
(101,964) 

- 
_________ 
(404,052) 

- 
 _______ 
(425,132) 

9 
8      

(9,144) 
(335,436) 
 _______ 
(344,580) 

- 
- 
 _______ 
- 

- 
(242,916) 
_________ 
(242,916) 

- 
- 
 _______ 
- 

14 

1,212,032 
- 
95,000 
603 
- 
_______ 
1,307,635 

406,375 
(381,300) 
- 
- 
(370) 
_______ 
24,705 

647,759 
- 
95,000 
603 
- 
__________ 
743,362 

- 
- 
- 
- 

 _______ 
- 

105,410 

(77,259) 

96,394 

(425,132) 

78,265 
 _______ 
183,675 

425,132 
 _______ 
- 
  =====================  =====================  =====================  ===================== 

- 
________ 
96,394 

155,524 
 _______ 
78,265 

Loss before tax                                                      
Adjustments to reconcile profit before tax to 
cash generated from operating activities: 
Finance income 
Finance costs 
Share-based compensation 
Depreciation and amortisation 
(Increase)/decrease in accrued income, 
trade and other receivables 
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other 
payables 

Cash used in operations 

Income tax paid 

Cash used in operating activities 

Investing activities 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
Acquisition of intangible assets 

Cash used in investment activities 

Financing activities 
Shares issued (net of costs) 
Repayment of shareholder loans 
Loans received  
Interest and similar income 
Interest and similar charges 

Cash generated from financing activities 

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash 
equivalents 

Opening cash and cash equivalents 

Closing cash and cash equivalents 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Notes to the Financial Statements 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

BASIS OF PREPARATION 

Cornerstone FS plc is a public limited company, incorporated and domiciled in England. The Company was 
admitted to AIM, London Stock Exchange's market for small and medium size growth companies, on 6 April 
2021. The registered office of the Company is The Old Rectory, Addington, Buckingham, England, MK18 2JR, 
and  its  principal  business  address  is  1  Poultry,  London,  EC2R  8EJ.  The  main  activities  are  set  out  in  the 
Strategic Report on pages 2-14. 

These  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  (“IFRS”)  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2020  and  the 
comparative  9-month  period  to  31  December  2019,  and  with  those  parts  of  the  Companies  Act  2006 
applicable  to companies  reporting  under  IFRS.  The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  sterling, 
which is the Group’s presentation currency and the functional currency of each Group entity. They have 
been  prepared  using  the  historical  cost  convention  except  for  the  measurement  of  certain  financial 
instruments. 

The parent company accounts have also been prepared in accordance with IFRS and using the historical 
cost  convention.  The  accounting  policies  set  out  below  have  been  applied  consistently  to  the  parent 
company where applicable. 

Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest pound. 

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that 
affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent 
liabilities at the date of the financial statements. If in the future such estimates and assumptions, which are 
based on management’s best judgement at the date of the financial statements, deviate from the actual 
circumstances, the original estimates and assumptions will be modified as appropriate in the year in which 
the circumstances change.   

NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS 
As of the date of approval of these financial statements, the following Standards and Interpretations which 
have not been applied in these financial statements were in issue but not yet effective: 

• 
• 

IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts (effective p/c on or after 1 January 2021). 
Amendments to IAS 1, presentation of financial statements on classification of liabilities 
(effective p/c on or after 1 January 2022).  

Some of these standards and amendments have not yet been endorsed by the EU which may cause their 
effective dates to change. 

The Directors anticipate that the adoption of these Standards and Interpretations in future periods will have 
no material impact on the financial statements of the Group. The Group does not intend to apply any of 
these pronouncements early. 

IMPACT OF NEW INTERNATIONAL REPORTING STANDARDS, AMENDMENTS AND INTERPRETATIONS 
The  following  Standards  and  Interpretations  have  been  considered  and  applied  in  these  financial 
statements: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

IFRIC 23 Uncertainty over Income Tax Positions 
Amendments to IFRS 9 Prepayment Features with Negative Compensation 
Amendments to IAS 28 Long-term interests in Associates and Joint Ventures 
IFRS 16 Leases  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

There has been no material impact on the financial statements as a result of adopting these Standards and 
Interpretations. 

BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION  
The  consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the  financial  statements  of  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiary undertakings. Entities are accounted for as subsidiary undertakings when the Group is exposed 
to or has rights to variable returns through its involvement with the entity and it has the ability to affect 
those returns through its power over the entity.  

Details of subsidiary undertakings and % shareholding: 
- 
FXPress Payment Services Ltd  
- 
Avila House Limited 
- 
CS Commercial Limited 
Cornerstone EBT Trustee Limited  - 

100% owned by the Company 
100% owned by FXPress Payment Services Ltd 
100% owned by the Company 
100% owned by the Company 

All subsidiary undertakings have an accounting reference date ended 31 December. 

Although  the  consolidated  financial  information  has  been  issued  in  the  name  of  Cornerstone  FS  plc 
(“Cornerstone”), the legal parent, it represents in substance continuation of the financial information of the 
primary legal subsidiary, FXPress Payment Services Ltd. 

The assets and liabilities of the primary legal subsidiary are recognised and measured in the consolidated 
financial statements at the pre-combination carrying amounts and not re-stated at fair value. 

The retained earnings and reserves balances recognised in the consolidated financial statements reflect 
the retained earnings and other reserves of the primary legal subsidiary immediately before the business 
combination and the results of the period from 1 January 2020 to the date of the business combination are 
those of the primary legal subsidiary only.  

As  FXPress  Payment  Services  Ltd  reversed  into  Cornerstone  when  Cornerstone  did  not  have  an  existing 
trade, the transaction cannot be considered a business combination, as at the time of the reverse takeover, 
Cornerstone  did  not  meet  the  definition  of  a  business,  under  IFRS  3  “Business  Combinations”.  As  the 
transaction is capital in nature and completed through the issue of shares, it falls within the scope of IFRS 2 
‘Share-based  payments’.  Any  difference  in  the  fair  value  of  shares  deemed  to  be  issued  by  the  legal 
subsidiary (FXPress Payment Services Ltd) and the fair value of net identifiable assets in the legal parent 
(Cornerstone FS plc) forms part of the deemed cost of acquisition. 

GOING CONCERN 
During the year ended 31 December 2020, the Group made a loss of £2,154,698, which has resulted in the 
balance sheet showing a net liabilities position of £135,923. Post year-end, the Group’s balance sheet was 
strengthened with the raising of gross proceeds of £2.2m via a placing of new ordinary shares following the 
Company’s admission to AIM. The Group also has access to £450,000 in convertible loan note facilities.  

The Directors have prepared a cash flow forecast covering a period extending 24 months from 31 December 
2020. The Directors have taken into account the placing proceeds mentioned above, the historical growth 
and  the  inherent  risks  and  uncertainties  facing  the  Group’s  business,  and  have  derived  forecast 
assumptions that are their best estimate of the future development of Group’s business. The Directors have 
also run various scenario planning forecasts alongside their best-estimate forecast assumptions, which all 
indicate sufficient cash resources to continue to finance the Group’s working capital requirements over the 
forecast period. 

The Directors are mindful of COVID-19 and the impact that this has had on operations is discussed further 
in note 20. The Board have reviewed forecasts in light of this and do not consider there to be any material 
uncertainties pertaining to the Group’s ability to discharge its liabilities as they arise.  

For these reasons, the Directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the 
Group’s financial statements. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

REVENUE  
The Group applies IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers for the recognition of revenue. IFRS 15 
established  a  comprehensive  framework  for  determining  whether,  how  much  and  when  revenue  is 
recognised. It affects the timing and recognition of revenue items,  but not generally the overall amount 
recognised. 

The performance obligations of the Group’s revenue streams are satisfied on the transaction date or by the 
provision of the service for the period described in the contract. Revenue is not recognised where there is 
evidence to suggest that customers do not have the ability or intention to pay. The Group does not have 
any contracts with customers where the performance obligations have not been fully satisfied.  

The Group derives revenue from the provision of foreign exchange and payment services. When a contract 
with a client is entered into, it immediately enters into a separate matched contract with its institutional 
counterparty. 

Spot and forward revenue is recognised when a binding contract is entered into by a client and the rate is 
fixed and determined. Revenue represents the difference between the rate offered to clients and the rate 
received from its institutional counterparties. 

INVESTMENTS  
Investments in subsidiary undertakings are accounted for at cost less impairment.  

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised on the Group Statement of Financial Position when 
the Group has become a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

Derivative financial instruments 
Derivative  financial  assets  and  liabilities  are  carried  as  assets  when  their  fair  value  is  positive  and  as 
liabilities when their fair value is negative. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are included in the income 
statement. The Group’s derivative financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss comprise 
solely of forward foreign exchange contracts. 

Trade, loan and other receivables 
Trade and loan receivables are initially measured at their transaction price. Trade and loan receivables 
are  held  to  collect  the  contractual  cash  flows  which  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest. 
Therefore, these receivables are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate 
method.  The  Directors  have  considered  the  impact  of  discounting  trade  and  loan  receivables  whose 
settlement may be deferred for lengthy periods and concluded that the impact would not be material. 

An impairment loss is recognised for the expected credit losses on trade and loan receivables when there 
is an increased probability that the counterparty will be unable to settle an instrument’s contractual cash 
flows on the contractual due dates, a reduction in the amounts expected to be recovered, or both.  

Impairment losses and any subsequent reversals of impairment losses are adjusted against the carrying 
amount of the receivable and are recognised in profit or loss. 

Trade payables 
Trade payables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective 
interest method. 

Equity instruments 
Equity instruments issued by the Group are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. 

Financial liabilities 
Financial liabilities are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. 
An instrument will be classified as a financial liability when there is a contractual obligation to deliver cash 
or another financial asset to another enterprise. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks and other short-term 
highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. 

For  the  purposes  of  the  Cash  Flow  Statement,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  consist  of  cash  and  cash 
equivalents as defined above, net of any outstanding bank overdraft which is integral to the Group’s cash 
management. 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS 
An intangible asset, which is an identifiable non-monetary asset without physical substance, is recognised 
to the extent that it is probable that the expected future economic benefits attributable to the asset will 
flow to the Group and that its cost can be measured reliably. The asset is deemed to be identifiable when it 
is separable or when it arises from contractual or other legal rights.  

Amortisation is charged on a straight-line basis through the profit or loss within administrative expenses. 
The rates applicable, which represent the Directors’ best estimate of the useful economic life, are as follows:  

Internally developed software 
Software costs  
Other intangible assets 

– 3 years  
– 3 years 
– 3 years (no charge in the first period of ownership) 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 
All property, plant and equipment is initially recorded at cost and is subsequently measured at cost less 
accumulated depreciation and any recognised impairment loss. 

Depreciation, which is charged through the profit or loss within administrative expenses, is provided at rates 
calculated to write off the cost less residual value of each asset over its expected useful life, as follows: 

Computer equipment  

- 25% straight line 

The gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an asset is determined as the difference between 
the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss. 

PROVISIONS 
Provisions  are  recognised  when  the  Group  has  a  present  obligation  as  a  result  of  a  past  event  which  it  is 
probable will result in an outflow of economic benefits that can be reliably estimated. 

SHARE CAPITAL 
Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares are shown 
in share premium as a deduction from the proceeds. 

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION 
Where share options are awarded to employees, the fair value of the options at the date of grant is charged 
to the income statement over the vesting period. Non-market vesting conditions are taken into account by 
adjusting the number of equity instruments expected to vest at each balance sheet date so that, ultimately, 
the cumulative amount recognised over the vesting period is based on the number of options that eventually 
vest. Market vesting conditions are factored into the fair value of the options granted. 

As  long  as  all  other  vesting  conditions  are  satisfied,  a  charge  is  made  irrespective  of  whether  the  market 
vesting conditions are satisfied. The cumulative expense is not adjusted for failure to achieve a market vesting 
condition. 

Where the terms and conditions of options are modified before they vest, the increase in the fair value of the 
options, measured immediately before and after the modification, is also charged to the income statement 
over the remaining vesting period. Where equity instruments are granted to persons other than employees, 
the income statement is charged with fair value of goods and services received.  

Cancelled or settled options are accounted for as an acceleration of vesting and the amount that would have 
been recognised over the remaining vesting period is recognised immediately. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

The proceeds received net of any attributable transaction costs are credited to share capital (nominal value) 
and share premium when the options are exercised. 

Fair value is measured by use of the Black-Scholes pricing model which is considered by management to be 
the most appropriate method of valuation. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 
The  Group  operates  a  defined  contribution  pension  scheme.  The  pension  costs  charged  in  the  financial 
statements represent the contribution payable by the Group during the year. 

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense in the period the 
related service is rendered at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange 
for that service. 

TAXATION 
Current income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or 
paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are 
enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognised 
directly  in  equity  or  other  comprehensive  income  is  recognised  in  equity  and  not  in  the  consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income. 

Deferred income tax is provided on all temporary differences at the reporting date arising between the tax 
bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  for  financial  reporting  purposes.  Deferred  tax 
assets and liabilities are offset when the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets 
and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority. 

Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of the Group’s tax losses carried forward. 

Research  and  Development  tax  credits  are  not  recognised  as  receivables  until  the  claims  have  been 
submitted and agreed by HMRC. 

CRITIAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other 
factors,  including  expectations  of  future  events  that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the 
circumstances. 

The Group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting judgements 
will,  by  definition,  seldom  equal  the  related  actual  results.  The  estimates  and  assumptions  that  have  a 
significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the 
next financial year are discussed below. 

IMPAIRMENT 
At each accounting reference date, the  Group reviews the carrying amounts of its intangibles, property, 
plant  and  equipment  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  that  those  assets  have  suffered  an 
impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to 
determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).  

Where the asset does not generate cash flows that are independent from other assets, the Group estimates 
the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. An intangible asset with an 
indefinite useful life is tested for impairment annually and whenever there is an indication that the asset 
may be impaired. 

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, 
the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that 
reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which 
the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted. 

If  the  recoverable  amount  of  an  asset  (or  cash-generating  unit)  is  estimated  to  be  less  than  its  carrying 
amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  immediately  in  profit  or  loss,  unless  the  relevant  asset  is  carried  at  a 
revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease. 

Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) 
is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount 
does  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount  that  would  have  been  determined  had  no  impairment  loss  been 
recognised  for  the  asset  (or  cash-generating  unit)  in  prior  years.  A  reversal  of  an  impairment  loss  is 
recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried in at a revalued amount, in which 
case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase. 

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION 
The fair value of share-based awards is measured using the Black-Scholes model which inherently makes 
use of significant estimates and assumptions concerning the future applied by the Directors. Such estimates 
and judgements include the expected life of the options and the number of employees that will achieve the 
vesting conditions. Further details of the share option scheme are given in note 14. 

ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES 

The  Group  uses  the  alternative  performance  measure  of  underlying  profit/(loss)  from  operations.  This 
measure is not defined under IFRS, nor is it a measure of financial performance under IFRS.  

This measure is sometimes used by investors to evaluate a company’s operational performance with a long-
term view towards adding shareholder value. This measure should not be considered an alternative, but 
instead supplementary, to profit/(loss) from operations and any other measure of performance derived in 
accordance with IFRS.  

Alternative performance measures do not have generally accepted principles for governing calculations 
and  may  vary  from  company  to  company.  As  such,  the  underlying  profit/(loss)  from  operations  quoted 
within the Group Statement of Comprehensive Income should not be used as a basis for comparison of the 
Group’s performance with other companies. 

UNDERLYING PROFIT/(LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS 
The  Group  uses  underlying  profit/(loss)  from  operations,  defined  as  profit/(loss)  from  operations,  adding 
back  share-based  compensation  and  transaction  costs  associated  with  the  Group’s  AIM  listing  and 
acquisitions strategy. 

The  underlying  loss  from  operations  is  reconciled  back  to  the  loss  from  operations  within  the  Group 
Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1 

REVENUE AND SEGMENTAL REPORTING 

All of the Group’s revenue arises from activities within the UK. Management considers there to be 
only one operating segment within the business based on the way the business is organised and 
the way results are reported internally.  

Revenue is as follows: 

Total revenue 

2 

LOSS FROM OPERATIONS 

Loss from operations is stated after charging: 
Share-based compensation on reverse acquisition 
Other share-based compensation 
Transaction costs 
Expensed software development costs 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Short-term (2018 IAS 17 operating) lease rentals 

Group 
Year ended 31 
December 
2020 

£ 

 _______ 
1,664,237 
 _______ 

Group 
9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
£ 

 _______ 
1,240,938 
 _______ 

Group 
Year ended 
31 December 
2020 

£ 

Group 
9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
£ 

211,281 
147,162 
793,577 
42,333 
1,730 
20,540 
70,697 
 _______ 

- 
- 
- 
43,000 
729 
2,926 
69,992 
 _______ 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2            LOSS FROM OPERATIONS (continued) 

Amounts payable to the Group’s auditor in respect of both audit and non-audit services: 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Audit Services 
-   Statutory audit 
Other Services 
The  auditing  of  accounts  of  associates  of  the 
Company pursuant to legislation: 
-   Audit of subsidiaries and its associates 

3 

INTEREST AND SIMILAR ITEMS  

i. 

ii. 

Total finance and other income 

Total finance costs 

4 

EMPLOYEES 

Year ended 31 
December 2020 

£  

15,000 

9-month period 
ended 31 
December 2019 
£  

- 

16,500 
------------------------- 
31,500 
========================= 

8,000 
------------------------- 
8,000 
========================= 

Group 

Year ended 31 
December 2020 

£ 
603 
 _______ 
- 
 _______ 

Group 
9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
£ 
- 
 _______ 
370 
 _______ 

The average monthly numbers of employees in the Group (including the Directors) during the year 
was made up as follows (the Company has no employees other than the Directors): 

Directors 
Employees 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 
Number 
- 
9 
 _______ 
9 
 _______ 

9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
Number 
- 
6 
 _______ 
6 
 _______ 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EMPLOYMENT COSTS 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Pension costs  
Share-based compensation                      

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 
£ 

9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
£ 

618,522 
68,455 
5,930 
26,787 
 _______ 
719,694 
 _______ 

135,557 
13,899 
4,073 
- 
 _______ 
153,529 
 _______ 

REMUNERATION OF KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL 
The remuneration of the Directors, who are the key management personnel of the Group, is set out 
below  in  aggregate.  Further  information  about  the  remuneration  of  the  individual  directors  is 
provided in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 24-26. 

Salaries and fees 
Share-based compensation  
Social security costs 

Number of Directors to whom retirement benefits are accruing 
under a defined contribution scheme 

The remuneration in respect of the highest paid Director was: 
Salaries and fees 
Share-based compensation 
Social security costs 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 
£ 

9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
£ 

116,786 
20,088 
9,453 
 _______ 
146,327 
 _______ 

- 
- 
- 
 _______ 

 _______ 

Number 

Number 

- 

- 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 
£ 

9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
£ 

85,000 
15,452 
5,580 
 _______ 
106,032 
 _______ 

- 
- 
- 
 _______ 
- 
 _______ 

During the year no (2019: nil) Directors exercised any (2019: nil) share options.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
          
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

5 

PENSION COSTS 

The Group operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The scheme and its assets are held by 
independent  managers.  The  pension  charge  represents  contributions  due  from  the  Group  and 
amounted  to  £5,930  (2019:  £4,070).  At  31  December  2020  contributions  of  £2,490  remained 
outstanding and are included within other payables (31 December 2019: £543).  

6 

TAXATION 

The tax on the loss on ordinary activities for the period was as follows: 

CURRENT TAX: 
UK Corporation tax 
Deferred tax 

Tax on loss on ordinary activities 

Loss before taxation 

Loss multiplied by main rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19% 
(9-month ended 31 December 2019: 19%) 
EFFECTS OF: 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Share-based payments  
Other deductions in period 
Tax losses carried forward 

Current tax 

Group 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 
£ 
 _______ 

Group 
9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
£ 
 _______ 

- 
- 
 _______ 
- 
 _______ 

Group 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 
£ 
(2,154,698) 
 _______ 

- 
- 
 _______ 
- 
 _______ 

Group 
9-month 
period ended 
31 December 
2019 
£ 
(81,549) 
 _______ 

(409,393) 

(15,494) 

155,158 
68,104 
(1,446) 
185,577 
 _______ 
- 
 _______ 

656 
- 
- 
14,838 
 _______ 
- 
 _______ 

As  at  31  December  2020,  the  Group  had  prepared  but  not  yet  submitted  a  Research  and 
Development tax credits reclaim, the estimated net benefit of which is approximately £62,000. It 
has not been recognised as an asset due to its contingent nature.  

As at 31 December 2020, the Group had tax losses carried forward of £2,847,347 (31 December 2019: 
£1,860,098). Deferred tax has not been recognised in respect of these tax losses. The standard rate 
of corporation tax applicable to the Group for the year ended 31 December 2020 was 19.0%. The 
UK government has indicated that the rate of corporation tax may be increased to 25% with effect 
from 1 April 2023.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

7 

LOSS PER SHARE 

The  loss  per  share  of  14.99p  is  based  upon  the  loss  of  £2,154,698  (2019:  loss  of  £81,549)  and  the 
weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue for the year of 14,370,030 (2019: 11,221,348). 

The  loss  incurred  by  the  Group  means  that  the  effect  of  any  outstanding  warrants  and  options 
would be considered anti-dilutive and is ignored for the purposes of the loss per share calculation. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 

GROUP INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

COST 
At 1 January 2020  
Additions  
Acquired through business combination 

At 31 December 2020 

AMORTISATION 
At 1 January 2020 
Charge for the period 

At 31 December 2020 

NET BOOK VALUE 
At 31 December 2020 

At 31 December 2019 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Internally 
developed 
software 
£ 

- 
242,916 
- 
 _______ 
242,916 

- 
16,638 
 _______ 
16,638 

Software costs 

£ 

Other 
£ 

15,611 
- 
- 
 _______ 
15,611 

9,535 
3,902 
 _______ 
13,437 

- 
- 
92,520 
 _______ 
92,520 

- 
- 
 _______ 
- 

Total 
£ 

15,611 
242,916 
92,520 
 _______ 
351,047 

9,535 
20,540 
 _______ 
30,075 

226,278 
 _______ 
- 
 _______ 

2,174 
 _______ 
6,076 
 _______ 

92,520 
 _______ 

- 

 _______ 

320,972 
 _______ 
6,076 
 _______ 

Other intangible assets comprise regulatory licenses held at cost and are not amortised in the first period 
of ownership. 

COMPANY INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

COST 
At 1 August 2020  
Additions  

At 31 December 2020 

AMORTISATION 
At 1 August 2020 
Charge for the period 

At 31 December 2020 

NET BOOK VALUE 
At 31 December 2020 

At 31 July 2020 

Internally 
developed 
software 
£ 

- 
242,916 
 _______ 
242,916 

- 
16,638 
 _______ 
16,638 

Software costs 

£ 

Other 
£ 

- 
- 
 _______ 
- 

- 
- 
 _______ 
- 

- 
- 
 _______ 

- 
- 
 _______ 

Total 
£ 

- 
242,916 
 _______ 
242,916 

- 
16,638 
 _______ 
16,638 

226,278 
 _______ 
- 
 _______ 

- 

- 

 _______ 

 _______ 

- 

- 

226,278 
 _______ 

- 

 _______ 

 _______ 

 _______ 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9 

GROUP PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

COST 
At 1 January 2020  
Additions 

At 31 December 2020 

DEPRECIATION 
At 1 January 2020  
Charge for the period 

At 31 December 2020 

NET BOOK VALUE 
At 31 December 2020 

At 31 December 2019 

Computer Equipment 
£ 

6,531 
9,144 

15,675 

5,481 
1,730 

7,211 

8,464 

1,050 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 

INVESTMENTS 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Cost or Valuation 
At 1 August 2020  
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2020 

Net Book value 
At 31 December 2020 

At 31 July 2020 

Investments in  
Subsidiaries 
£ 

100 
6,147,773 
(100) 

6,147,773 

6,147,773 

100 

The  Company’s  investment  as  at  31  December  2020  represents  the  initial  investment  in  FXPress 
Payment Services Ltd on 9 September 2020 and a further £450,000 invested on 31 December 2020. 

On 9 September 2020, the Company acquired the entire issued share capital of FXPress Payment 
Services  Ltd  (“legal  subsidiary”)  for  a  consideration  of  £5,697,773,  satisfied  by  the  issue  of 
1,401,275,638 shares. 

Prior  to  the  acquisition,  on  7  July  2020,  the  legacy  business  and  trade  of  Cornerstone  (formerly 
Cornerstone Brands, a consumer product business) together with its trade, assets and liabilities, 
was  hived  down  to  a  newly  incorporated  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  CSTT  Limited  (“CSTT”). 
Cornerstone’s  investment  in  CSTT,  stated  at  cost,  was  £100.  The  disposal  of  CSTT  to  the  prior 
owners of the legacy business was approved by shareholders at a general meeting on 26 August 
2020 and completed on 9 September 2020. 

As the legal subsidiary reversed into the Company (“legal parent”), without an existing trade, this 
transaction cannot be considered a business combination, as the legal parent did not meet the 
definition of a business, under IFRS 3 “Business Combinations”.  

As the transaction is capital in nature and completed through the issue of shares it falls within the 
scope of IFRS 2 ‘Share-based payments’. Any difference in the fair value of shares deemed to be 
issued by the legal subsidiary and the fair value of net identifiable assets in the legal parent will 
form part of the deemed cost of acquisition.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares  in  subsidiary  and  associate  undertakings  are  stated  at  cost.  As  at  31  December  2020, 
Cornerstone  FS  plc  owned  the  following  principal  subsidiaries  which  are  included  in  the 
consolidated accounts: 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Subsidiary 

FXPress Payment Services Ltd 

Avila House Limited 

CS Commercial Limited  
(audit exempt) 

Cornerstone EBT Trustee Limited 
(audit exempt) 

11 

AVILA HOUSE ACQUISITION 

Principal 
Activity 

Foreign 
Exchange 
and 
Payment 
Services 

Country of 
Incorporation 

Northern 
Ireland 

E-money and 
Payment 
Services 

England and 
Wales 

Dormant 

Employee 
Benefit 
Scheme 
Trustee 

England and 
Wales 

England and  
Wales 

Registered Office 
1 Elmfield 
Avenue, 
Warrenpoint, 
Newry, 
Co. Down, BT34 
3HQ 
The Old Rectory, 
Addington, 
Buckinghamshire, 
MK18 2JR 
The Old Rectory, 
Addington, 
Buckinghamshire, 
MK18 2JR 
The Old Rectory, 
Addington, 
Buckinghamshire, 
MK18 2JR 

Percentage 
of Ownership 

100 per cent. 

100 per cent.  

100 per cent.  

100 per cent.  

On 19 October 2020 FXPress Payment Services Ltd acquired the entire issued share capital of Avila 
House Limited (“Avila House”), a company which has a small electronic money institution licence 
focused on multi-currency e-wallets, for a total consideration of £92,685 (satisfied by £60,000 in 
shares and £32,685 in cash). The acquisition was made in line with the Group’s strategy to allow 
clients to leave funds on deposit, effectively providing them with multi-currency current accounts. 

The  Group  determined  that  the  activities  and  assets  acquired  represent  a  business  as  defined 
under IFRS 3 Business Combinations and has accounted for the transaction accordingly.  

The net assets acquired at the date of acquisition were determined to be £92,520, representing the 
fair value of the FCA registered small electronic money institution licence, which was the only asset 
held by Avila House at the time of acquisition.  

No goodwill arose as a result of the acquisition. 

Since the acquisition date, Avila House has not generated any revenue (also in line with the Group’s 
product  development  roadmap)  and  generated  a  loss  of  £3,822,  which  is  included  in  the 
consolidated financial statements. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12 

CURRENT TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Trade receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 
Derivative financial assets at fair value 
Other receivables 
Amounts due from Group undertakings and 
undertakings in which the Company has a 
participating interest 
Taxes and social security 

Company  Company 

Group 
31 
December 
2020 
£ 

Group 
31 
December 
2019 
£ 

31 
December 
2020 
£ 

8,405 
24,623 
299,035 
140,378 

7,720 
- 
281,134 
66,516 

- 
9,600 
- 
131,492 

31 July 
2020 
£ 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
97,718                    - 

 _______ 
570,159 
 _______ 

 _______ 
355,370 
 _______ 

- 
97,718 
 _______ 
238,310 
 _______ 

95,000 

- 
 _______ 
95,000 
 _______ 

For the year ended 31 December 2020, £nil was recorded as a bad debt expense (nine-month period 
ended 31 December 2019: £nil). 

As  at  31  December  2020,  the  Group  had  a  contingent  asset  in  respect  of  Research  and 
Development  tax  credits  for  which  a  reclaim  had  been  prepared,  but  not  yet  submitted  (31 
December 2019: £nil). The estimated net benefit of the claim is approximately £62,000 and has not 
been included in current receivables due to its contingent nature.  

13 

CURRENT TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES  

Trade payables 
Derivative financial liabilities at fair value 
Other tax and social security 
Other payables and accruals 
Amount due to Group undertakings 

Group 
31 
December 
2020 
£ 
525,064 
216,061 
47,273 
430,795 
- 
 _______ 
1,219,193 
 _______ 

Group  Company  Company 

31 
December 
2019 
£ 
101,577 
249,989 
5,458 
17,953 
- 
 _______ 
374,977 
 _______ 

31 
December 
2020 
£ 
238,654 
- 
17,411 
290,773 
516,999 
 _______ 
1,063,837 
 _______ 

31 July 
2020 
£ 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

 _______ 

- 

 _______ 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

14 

SHARE CAPITAL AND RESERVES 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

Ordinary shares of £0.00001 each as at 1 August 2020 
Bonus issue of £0.00001 shares 9 August 2020 
Consolidation to £0.0001 9 August 2020 
Issue of consideration shares of £0.0001 9 September 2020 
Bonus issue of £0.0001 shares 10 September 2020 
Issue of new shares of £0.0001 16 September 2020 
Consolidation to £0.01 shares 2 October 2020 
Issue of new shares of £0.01 October to December 2020 

Ordinary shares of £0.01 each at 31 December 2020 

Ordinary 

shares  Share capital 
£ 
286 
2,573 
- 
140,128 
2,336 
1,344 
- 
19,219 
 _______ 
165,886 
 _______ 

No. 
28,597,462 
257,377,158 
(257,377,158) 
1,401,275,638 
23,363,722 
13,438,678 
(1,452,008,745) 
1,921,853 
 _______ 
16,588,608 
 _______ 

At 31 December 2020 share subscriptions of £131,492, comprising £2,630 share capital and £128,862 
share premium, remained unpaid (31 July 2020: £nil). 

The following  changes in the share capital of the Company have taken place in the  five-month 
period ended 31 December 2020: 

•  On  26  August  2020,  the  Company  issued  9  bonus  shares  for  every  share  in  issue  and 
subsequently consolidated such shares, in respect of each relevant class of shares, on the 
basis of 10 shares of £0.00001 each into 1 share of £0.0001 each; 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

on 9 September 2020, 1,401,275,638 new A ordinary shares of £0.0001 each were issued as 
consideration  shares  to  FXPress  Payment  Services  Ltd  shareholders  pursuant  to  the 
acquisition; 

on 10 September 2020, 23,363,722 new bonus E ordinary shares of £0.0001 each were issued; 

on 16 September 2020, 13,438,598 new A ordinary shares of £0.0001 each were issued at a 
price  of  £0.005  each  and  80  new  A  ordinary  shares  of  £0.0001  each  were  issued  for  the 
purposes of ensuring there would be a whole number of shares in issue upon the proposed 
consolidation on 2 October 2020; 

on  2  October  2020,  the  entire  issued  share  capital  of  the  Company  comprising  different 
classes of shares were re-designated and consolidated on the basis of 100 shares of £0.0001 
each into 1 Ordinary Share of £0.01 each; 

on  3  October  2020,  1,390,018  Ordinary  Shares  were  issued  at  a  price  of  £0.50  each  and 
211,835 Ordinary Shares were issued in consideration for services at an equivalent price of 
£0.50 per share;  

on  19  October  2020,  120,000  Ordinary  Shares  were  issued  as  consideration  shares  to  the 
shareholders of Avila House in accordance with the terms of the share purchase agreement; 
and 

on 1 December 2020, 200,000 Ordinary Shares were issued at a price of £0.50 each. 

All Ordinary Shares are equally eligible to receive dividends and the repayment of capital and 
represent equal votes at meetings of shareholders. 

As at 31 December 2020, £131,492 of issued share capital was unpaid (31 December 2019: £26,247). 

The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within owner’s equity: 

Share capital: Amount subscribed for shares at nominal value. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Share premium: Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value, less costs of 
share issue. 

Share-based payment reserve:  The  share-based  payment  reserve  comprises  the  cumulative 
expense representing the extent to which the vesting period of warrants and share options has 
passed  and  management’s  best  estimate  of  the  achievement  or  otherwise  of  non-market 
conditions and the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. 

Merger relief reserve:  Effect  on  equity  of  the  consideration  shares  issued  over  their  nominal 
value. 

Reverse acquisition reserve:  Effect  on  equity  of  the  reverse  acquisition  of  FXPress  Payment 
Services Ltd. 

Retained losses:  Cumulative  realised  profits  less  cumulative  realised  losses  and  distributions 
made, attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company. 

Options 

The  Company  operates  an  Enterprise  Management  Inventive  (“EMI”)  Scheme  equity-settled 
share-based remuneration scheme for employees.   

Each of the option agreements under the EMI scheme provides that the relevant options vest, as 
to one third of the shares comprised in them, on each of the first three anniversaries of the date 
of grant. Once vested, the options are exercisable at any time. The options are also exercisable 
in  the  event  of  a  change  of  control.  If  the  optionholder’s  employment  within  the  Group  is 
terminated,  other  than  for  gross  misconduct,  any  options  vested  may  be  exercised  within  90 
days  of  such  termination  (12  months  in  the  case  of  the  optionholder’s  death).  Otherwise  the 
options  lapse  five  years  after  the  date  of  grant.  The  options  also  lapse,  inter  alia,  if  the 
optionholder  is  adjudged  bankrupt  or  proposes  a  voluntary  arrangement  or  other  scheme  in 
relation to his/her debts. 

Outstanding as at 1 August 2020 
Granted during the period 

Outstanding as at 31 December 2020 

Ordinary 
shares 
No. 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
£ 

- 
1,599,480 
 _______ 
1,599,480 
 _______ 

- 
0.50 

 _______ 

0.50 

 _______ 

On 2 December 2020 Julian Wheatland was granted options over 922,677 Ordinary Shares at an 
exercise price of £0.50 per  share. The Company has also agreed to make an annual grant of 
additional options to Julian Wheatland equal to 5% of any increase in the fully diluted capital of 
the Company which has occurred in the 12 months immediately prior to the date of grant to be 
exercisable at a price equal to the average mid-market closing price of the Ordinary Shares over 
the relevant 12-month period. 

On  2  December  2020  Judy  Happe  was  granted  options  over  276,803  Ordinary  Shares  at  an 
exercise price of £0.50 per  share. The Company has also agreed to make an annual grant of 
additional options to Judy Happe equal to 1.5% of any increase in the fully diluted capital of the 
Company  which  has  occurred  in  the  12  months  immediately  prior  to  the  date  of  grant  to  be 
exercisable at a price equal to the average mid-market closing price of the Ordinary Shares over 
the relevant 12-month period. 

On 2 December 2020 a further 400,000 options were granted to other senior employees at an 
exercise price of £0.50 per share. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

The Black-Scholes model was used for calculating the cost of options. The model inputs for the 
options issued were: 

- 2 December 2020 

Grant date  
Share price at grant date - 50 pence 
- 50 pence 
Exercise price 
- 0.8% 
Risk free rate 
- 83.7% (based on reference to the Group’s quoted competitors) 
Expected volatility 
- 5 years 
Contractual life   

Market performance conditions were ignored in determining the fair value of options. 

The weighted average contractual life of the options is five years (2019: zero). 

No options were exercised during the current year (2019: nil). 

Warrants 

Between 15 January 2020 and 31 March 2020 FXPress Payment Services Ltd granted 14,911,060 
warrants to various advisors, employees and directors with an average exercise price of £0.050 
and a term of five years. Due to failure to satisfy a vesting condition specified at the grant date, 
the fair value of 9,155,930 warrants issued to employees and ex-employees was assessed to be 
zero. 

The  remaining  5,755,130  warrants  were estimated  to have  an average  fair  value  of  £0.016  per 
warrant at the grant date using the Black-Scholes valuation model.  The principal inputs into the 
model were: 

Share price at grant date 
Risk-free rate   
Expected Volatility 
Contractual life 

- between 4.7 pence and 5.5 pence 
- 0.75% 
- 25% 
- 5 years 

In connection with the reverse acquisition of the Company on 9 September 2020, the Directors 
of Cornerstone wrote to the holders of the 9,155,930 outstanding FXPress Payment Services Ltd 
warrants, agreeing to exchange their warrants for warrants in Cornerstone in return for waiving 
all rights under their FXPress Payment Services Ltd warrants.   

As a result of the effective cancellation of the FXPress Payment Services Ltd warrants, FXPress 
Payment Services Ltd recognised an accelerated share-based payment charge of £92,947 for 
the year-ended 31 December 2020 (9 months ended 31 December 2019: £nil).  

On  3  October  2020  Cornerstone  granted  778,460  warrants  to  the  former  holders  of  FXPress 
Payment Services Ltd warrants with an average exercise price of £0.31 and an average term of 
four years and 117 days. Between 5 October 2020 and 10 December 2020 Cornerstone granted 
1,000,000  warrants  with  an  exercise  price  of  £0.50  and  a  term  of  five  years.  The Cornerstone 
warrants were estimated to have an average grant date fair value of £0.342 per warrant using 
the Black-Scholes valuation model.  The principal inputs into the model were: 

Share price at grant date 
Risk-free rate   
Expected volatility 
Contractual life 

- between 16.6 pence and 50 pence 
- 0.8% 
- 83.7% 
- between 4 years & 105 days and 5 years 

The Group share-based compensation charge for the year ended 31 December 2020 of £147,162 
(9-month period ended 31 December 2019: £nil) consists of £92,947 in relation to the accelerated 
share-based payment charges in respect of the cancelled warrants in FXPress Payment Services 
Ltd,  £27,428  in  respect  of  the  replacement  warrants  granted  in  Cornerstone  and  £26,787  in 
respect of the Cornerstone options.  

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15      

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Details of key management compensation are included in note 4. Key management are considered 
to be the Directors of the Group.   

Transactions with subsidiaries  
During the year, the Company and FXPress Payment Services Ltd entered into various transactions 
with  each  other  including  software  development  charges,  licenses  fees  and  working  capital 
support. The net balance of transactions between the companies are held on an interest free inter-
Group loan which has no terms for repayment. At the year end, the Company owed £516,999 (2019: 
£nil) to FXPress Payment Services Ltd. 

Other related parties:  

All of the amounts below were in respect of the year ended 31 December 2020. 

Fees  of  £50,000  (2019:  £nil)  in  connection  with  fundraising  activities  were  due  to  LGEC  Capital 
Partners LLP, of which Gareth Edwards is a Designated Member. The amount was unpaid at the 
year-end. 

Corporate finance advisory fees of £49,323 were due to London Bridge Capital Limited, a company 
of  which  Gareth  Edwards  and  Elliott  Mannis  are  directors  and  Elliott  Mannis  is  the  shareholder.  
£36,135 remained due to London Bridge Capital Limited at the year-end (2019: £nil). 

Terry  Everson,  a  director  of  FXPress  Payment  Services  Ltd  and  a  significant  shareholder  in 
Cornerstone,  was  paid  consulting  fees  of  £24,000  via  Hazelwood  Financial  Ltd,  a  company  of 
which he is a director and significant shareholder (9 months ended 31 December 2019: £54,000). As 
at 31 December 2020, a loan of £10,000 made by the Group to Terry Everson remained unpaid (31 
December 2019: £nil). 

William  Newton,  a  director  of  FXPress  Payment  Services  Ltd  and  a  significant  shareholder  in 
Cornerstone, was paid consulting fees of £8,333 (9 months ended 31 December 2019: £21,000). 

Stephen  Flynn,  a  director  of  FXPress  Payment  Services  Ltd  and  a  significant  shareholder  in 
Cornerstone, was paid consulting fees of £68,871 via JF Technology (UK) Ltd, a company of which 
he is a director and significant shareholder (9 months ended 31 December 2019: £21,500). 

David Mason, a director of FXPress Payment Services Ltd, was paid consulting fees of £85,800 (9 
months ended 31 December 2019: £nil). 

Jason Conibear, a former director of FXPress Payment Services Ltd, was paid consulting fees of 
£42,650 (9 months ended 31 December 2019: £15,000). 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

FINANCIAL ASSETS 

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL ASSETS 
Foreign currency forward contracts with 
customers 
Foreign currency forward contracts with 
institutional counterparty 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 
Foreign currency forward contracts with 
customers 
Foreign currency forward contracts with 
institutional counterparty 

Trade payables 
Other payables 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Group 
31 
December 
2020 
£ 

Group  Company  Company 

31 
December 
2019 
£ 

31 
December 
2020 
£ 

31 July 
2020 
£ 

253,077 

182,117 

45,958 

99,017 

 _______ 
299,035 
183,675 
8,405 
165,001 
 _______ 
656,116 
 _______ 

 _______ 
281,134 
78,265 
7,720 
66,516 
 _______ 
433,655 
 _______ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

 _______ 
- 
96,394 
- 
141,092 
 _______ 
237,486 
 _______ 

 _______ 
- 
- 
- 
95,000 
 _______ 
95,000 
 _______ 

Group 
31 
December 
2020 
£ 

Group  Company  Company 

31 
December 
2019 
£ 

31 
December 
2020 
£ 

31 July 
2020 
£ 

55,869 

120,754 

160,192 

129,235 

- 

- 

- 

- 

 _______ 
216,061 
525,064 
430,795 
 _______ 
1,171,920 
 _______ 

 _______ 
249,989 
101,577 
17,953 
 _______ 
369,519 
 _______ 

 _______ 
- 
238,654 
807,772 
 _______ 
1,046,426 
 _______ 

 _______ 
- 
- 
- 

 _______ 

- 

 _______ 

All financial assets and liabilities have contractual maturity of less than one year. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative financial assets and liabilities 

Derivative financial assets not designated as hedging instruments 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Foreign currency forward contracts with 
customers 
Foreign currency forward contracts with 
institutional counterparty 

31 December 2020 

31 December 2019 

Fair Value 
£ 

Notional 
Principal 
£ 

Fair Value 
£ 

Notional 
Principal 
£ 

253,077 

14,686,425 

182,117 

4,986,924 

5,785,633 
45,958 
 _______ 
 _______ 
299,035  20,472,058 
 _______ 
 _______ 

99,017 
 _______ 

4,971,285 

 _______ 

281,134  9,958,209 

 _______ 

 _______ 

Derivative financial liabilities not designated as hedging instruments 

Foreign currency forward contracts with 
customers 
Foreign currency forward contracts with 
institutional counterparty 

31 December 2020 

31 December 2019 

Fair Value 
£ 

Notional 
Principal 
£ 

Fair Value 
£ 

Notional 
Principal 
£ 

55,869 

4,392,467 

120,754 

4,535,780 

160,192 
 _______ 
216,061 
 _______ 

12,390,456 
 _______ 
16,782,923 
 _______ 

129,235 
 _______ 
249,989 
 _______ 

5,192,152 

 _______ 

9,727,932 

 _______ 

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date.  Foreign  currency 
forward contracts are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. 

There are three levels of fair value hierarchy: 

• 

• 

• 

Level 1 – the fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets is based on quoted 
market prices at the end of the reporting period. 

Level 2 – valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair 
value measurement is directly or indirectly observable. 

Level 3 – valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair 
value measurement is unobservable. 

Foreign currency forward contracts with customers generally require immediate settlement on the 
maturity date of the individual contract and fall into level 2 of the fair value hierarchy above. Level 
2 comprises those financial instruments which can be valued using inputs other than quoted prices 
that are observable for the asset or liability either directly (i.e. prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from 
prices). The fair value of forward foreign exchange contracts is measured using observable forward 
exchange rates for contracts with a similar maturity at the reporting date. 

The net gain on financial assets at fair value through profit or loss for year ended 31 December 2020 
was £4,839 (9 months ended 31 December 2019: £13,250). 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Financial instruments – risk management 

Financial assets primarily comprise trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents and 
derivative  financial  assets.  Financial  liabilities  comprise  trade  and  other  payables,  shareholder 
loans  and  derivative  financial  liabilities.  The  main  risks  arising  from  financial  instruments  are 
market  risk  (including  foreign  currency  risk  and  interest  rate  risk),  liquidity  risk,  credit  risk  and 
counterparty risk. 

Market risk 

Market  risk  for  the  Group  comprises  foreign  exchange  risk  and  interest  rate  risk.  The  Group 
operates as a riskless matched principal broker for deliverable non-speculative spot and forward 
foreign currency transactions, with each trade with its clients matched with an identical trade with 
an institutional counterparty. Therefore, foreign exchange risk is mitigated through the matching 
of  foreign  currency  assets  and  liabilities  between  clients  and  institutional  counterparties  which 
move in parity. 

The  Group’s  cash  balances  are  primarily  held  in  Pound  Sterling  and  the  Group  does  not  hold 
significant cash balances in foreign currencies. 

Interest  rate  risk  affects  the  Group  to  the  extent  that  it  implicitly  impacts  the  price  of  foreign 
currency forward contracts. However, this risk is mitigated in the same way as foreign currency 
risk. 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall 
due. The Group has extensive controls to ensure that it has sufficient cash or working capital to 
meet its cash requirements to mitigate this risk. 

As per the Going Concern note above, the Directors have prepared a cash flow forecast taking 
into account proceeds from the IPO fund raise, the historical growth in the Group’s business and 
the  inherent  risks  and  uncertainties  facing  the  Group’s  business  to  assess  the  Group’s  working 
capital requirements.  

The Group also has systems in place to monitor the margin requirements of its clients and its margin 
requirement  with  the  institutional  counterparty  for  the  back-to-back  foreign  currency  forward 
contract  on  a  real-time  basis  and  request  any  necessary  top  up  payment  from  the  clients.  The 
Group also has the right to close any position if no margin is given. 

Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk that clients do not meet their contractual obligations in respect of the currency 
spot  and  forward  contracts  which  leads  to  a  financial  loss.  All  customers  are  subject  to  credit 
verification checks. Approximately 90% of the Group’s trades are spot currency contracts which 
are required to be settled within two working days. For forward currency contracts, as noted above, 
clients are required to provide margin that mitigates credit exposure. Trade limits are applied to all 
clients. The Group has systems to monitor trade limits and collateral requirements on a real-time 
basis. The Group does not have any significant concentration of exposures within its client base. 

Counterparty risk 

Each trade between a client and the Group is matched with an identified trade with Velocity Trade 
International  (“Velocity”),  which  is  a  global  foreign  exchange  liquidity  and  trade  provider  that 
provides pricing, execution and settlement services for the Group. 

The  Group  also  has  brokerage  accounts  with  alternative  institutional  counterparties  and  could 
transact with them instead if Velocity is unable to provide liquidity. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management  of  settled  and  open  trades  are  conducted  via  Currency  Cloud,  the  GV  (formerly 
Google  Ventures)  backed  global  payments  and  FX  platform.  Client  funds  are  transferred  to 
Velocity via Currency Cloud for additional protection and to reduce counterparty risk. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

17 

FINANCIAL COMMITMENTS 

The Group is not considered to have any operating lease commitments. The offices utilised by the 
Group  are  serviced  offices,  which  have  a  short  notice  period  and  therefore  it  has  not  been 
considered necessary to disclose these as an operating lease commitment. 

18 

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

The capital structure of the business consists of cash and cash equivalents, debt and equity. Equity 
comprises share capital, share premium and retained losses and is equal to the amount shown as 
‘Equity’ in the balance sheet. The Group’s current objectives when maintaining capital are to: 

• 

• 

safeguard  the  Group’s  ability  to  operate  as  a  going  concern  so  that  it  can  continue  to 
pursue its growth plans; 

provide a reasonable expectation of future returns to shareholders; and 

•  maintain adequate financial flexibility to preserve its ability to meet financial obligations, 

both current and long term. 

The Group sets the amount of capital it requires in proportion to risk. The Group manages its capital 
structure and adjusts it in the light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics 
of underlying assets. 

The Company is subject to the following externally imposed capital requirements: 

• 

as a public limited company, the Company is required to have a minimum issued share 
capital of £50,000. 

FXPress  Payment  Services  Ltd,  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company,  is  subject  to  the 
following capital requirement under the Payment Service Regulations 2017: 

• 

either 10% of fixed overheads for the preceding year or the initial capital requirement of 
€50,000, whichever is the higher. 

19  

EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING DATE 

On 26 February 2021, 24,326 Ordinary Shares were issued at a price of £0.407 each on the exercise 
of warrants. 

On 17 March 2021, the Company and William Newton entered into a facility to borrow £350,000 
from William Newton at any time until 31 December 2023 on not less than 20 Business Days’ notice 
in consideration of the Company issuing William Newton with 6% unsecured convertible loan notes 
2024. 

On 25 March 2021, the Company and Robert Lee entered into a facility to borrow £100,000 from 
Robert  Lee  at  any  time  until  31  December  2023  on  not  less  than  20  Business  Days’  notice  in 
consideration of the Company issuing Robert Lee with 6% unsecured convertible loan notes 2024. 
A drawdown notice was issued to Robert Lee on 17 May 2021 requesting payment of the £100,000 
loan by 14 June 2021. 

The convertible loan notes 2024 bear interest at the rate of 6% per annum and will be redeemable 
on the occurrence of usual events of default and, in any event, on 31 March 2024. They may be 
converted in tranches of £50,000 at a subscription price of 61 pence per share at any time until a 
redemption notice is served. 

On 6 April 2021, the Company was admitted to AIM, London Stock Exchange's market for small and 
medium size growth companies. The Company placed 3,664,648 new ordinary shares at a price of 

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      66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

61 pence per ordinary share, raising gross proceeds of £2,235,435. The shares sold under the placing 
represent approximately 18 per cent of the Company's issued share capital. In connection with the 
Company’s  listing,  63,114  warrants  were  issued  to  the  Company’s  broker,  Peterhouse  Capital 
Limited, on 6 April 2021 with an exercise price of 61 pence per share and an expiry date of 6 April 
2023.  

20 

COVID-19 

The COVID-19 pandemic developed rapidly in 2020, with a significant number of cases. Measures 
taken by the UK government to contain the virus have affected economic activity. The Group has 
taken a number of measures to monitor and mitigate the effects of COVID-19, such as safety and 
health measures for its people such as social distancing and working from home. 

All staff have successfully worked remotely during government-advised lockdowns and have had 
full access to the Group’s technology platform that allows them to connect virtually and continue 
to operate as normal on business activities. 

The impact on the Group’s business and results has not been significant. The Group will continue 
to follow the UK government policies and advice and do its utmost to continue its operations in the 
best and safest way possible without jeopardising the health and safety of its people. 

Annual Report and Accounts 2020 

      67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Registrar 
Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
Steelpark Road 
Halesowen 
B62 8HD 

Financial PR Adviser 
Luther Pendragon 
48 Gracechurch Street 
London  
EC3V 0EJ 

Company Information 

Registered Office 
The Old Rectory 
Addington 
Buckinghamshire 
MK18 2JR 

Principal Trading Address 
1 Poultry 
London 
EC2R 8ET 

Company Registration Number 
08367949 

Company Secretary  
Hanh Jelf, TH Jelf LLP 

Nominated & Financial Adviser 
SPARK Advisory Partners Limited 
5 St John’s Lane 
London 
EC1M 4BH 

Joint Brokers 
Peterhouse Capital Limited 
80 Cheapside 
London 
EC2V 6EE 

Pello Capital Limited 
7th Floor 
10 Lower Thames Street 
London 
EC3R 6AF 

Auditors 
Haysmacintyre LLP 
10 Queen Street Place 
London 
EC4R 1AG 

Solicitors  
TH Jelf LLP 
The Old Rectory 
Addington 
Buckinghamshire 
MK18 2JR 

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      68