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CS Disco, Inc.
Annual Report 2020

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FY2020 Annual Report · CS Disco, Inc.
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Annual  
Report 
2020

ABN 72 088 749 008

LawFinance Limited
Contents
31 December 2020

Corporate directory
Directors' report
Auditor's independence declaration
Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income
Consolidated statement of financial position
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
Consolidated statement of cash flows
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
Directors' declaration
Independent auditor's report to the members of LawFinance Limited
Shareholder information

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LawFinance Limited
Corporate directory
31 December 2020

Directors

Tim Storey - Non-Executive Chairman
Daniel Kleijn - Executive Director, Managing Director
Anthony Murphy - Non-Executive Director 
David Wattel - Non-Executive Director

Company secretary

Andrew Palfreyman

Registered office

Share register

Auditor

Solicitors

Suite 2, Level 16
56 Pitt Street
Sydney NSW 2000
Tel: +61 2 9696 0220
Fax: +61 2 9252 3430

Automic Pty Ltd
Level 5
126 Phillip Street
Sydney NSW 2000
Tel: 1300 288 664 (within Australia) or +61 2 9698 5414 (outside Australia)
Fax: +61 2 9287 0303

Stantons International
Level 36, Gateway
1 Macquarie Place
Sydney NSW 2000

Corrs Chambers Westgarth
Level 17
8-12 Chifley Square
Sydney NSW 2000

Automic Pty Ltd
Level 5
126 Phillip Street
Sydney NSW 2000

Stock exchange listing

LawFinance Limited shares are listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX 
code: LAW)

Website

www.lawfinance.com.au

Corporate Governance Statement 

The  directors  and  management  are  committed  to  conducting  the  business  of 
LawFinance  Limited  in  an  ethical  manner  and  in  accordance  with  the  highest 
standards  of  corporate  governance.  LawFinance  Limited  has  adopted  and 
substantially  complied  with 
the  ASX  Corporate  Governance  Principles  and 
Recommendations (Fourth Edition) (‘Recommendations’) to the extent appropriate to 
the size and nature of its operations.

The  Corporate  Governance  Statement,  which  sets  out  the  corporate  governance 
practices that were in operation during the financial year and identifies and explains 
any Recommendations that have not been followed, was approved by the Board of 
Directors  at  the  same  time  as  the  Annual  Report  and  can  be  found  at 
http://www.lawfinance.com.au/investorcentre/governance/

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LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

The directors present their report, together with the financial statements, on the consolidated entity (referred to hereafter as 
the 'Group') consisting of LawFinance Limited (referred to hereafter as the 'Company' or 'parent entity') and the entities it 
controlled at the end of, or during, the year ended 31 December 2020.

Directors
The following persons were directors of LawFinance Limited during the whole of the financial year and up to the date of this 
report, unless otherwise stated:

Tim Storey
Anthony Murphy
David Wattel
Daniel Kleijn (appointed on 8 December 2020)
Diane Jones (resigned on 8 December 2020)

Nature of operations and principal activities
The  Group  has  developed  into  a  diversified  provider  of  financing  solutions  for  law  firms.  During  the  financial  year  the 
principal activities of the Group consisted of:
● Medical lien funding;
●
●

Disbursement funding; and
Litigation funding, now classified as discontinued operations, and is being sold (subject to shareholder approval).

Medical lien funding
National  Health  Finance  Holdco,  LLC  and  its  subsidiaries  ('NHF')  operate  a  medical  lien  funding  business  in  the  United 
States.

Established in 1999, the NHF business is an Arizona-based medical lien funding business providing funding in 22 states in 
the United States. The medical liens purchased generally relate to the provision of medical services to individuals involved 
in  motor  vehicle  accidents  where  the  services  are  required  due  to  an  injury  sustained  in  the  accident  and  where  those 
individuals were the not-at-fault party. This business was purchased by the Group on 28 September 2018.

NHF purchases a lien or obtains a letter of protection over medical receivables associated with personal injury cases from 
medical providers and hospitals. The return to NHF is realised upon payment by the at-fault party or their insurance carrier 
upon conclusion of the personal injury litigation, either by settlement or judgment.

NHF provides a funding solution for the victim of a motor vehicle accident by facilitating access to medical care they would 
likely  not  otherwise  receive.  NHF’s  funding  solution  enables  medical  providers  to  obtain  quick  liquidity  and  reduce  the 
administrative burden by managing the medical claims through the litigation process. Medical providers working on a lien 
basis who do not use the NHF solution are required to wait for a successful conclusion of the legal proceeding before being 
paid. NHF’s funding solution is also of benefit to the lawyers acting on behalf of the injured party as it ensures there is no 
“gap” in medical care and the claim can be maximised. Thus the solution assists all three plaintiff-side parties.

The key business drivers of the NHF business entail ensuring that: 
●

an  appropriate  discount  is  negotiated  with  the  medical  provider  when  purchasing  each  medical  lien  or  letter  of 
protection. On average NHF pays around 30% of the face value of the relevant invoice;
the  law  firm  progresses  the  case  within  normal  parameters.  On  average  NHF’s  cases  are  completed  within  37 
months; and
an appropriate amount for the medical lien is paid from each case settlement. On average NHF collects around 48% 
of the face value of a medical lien when the applicable case concludes.

●

●

In any given financial period, the profitability of this business is dependent upon revenue and settlement levels. Legislative, 
regulatory, judicial, policy changes, and additional competition may have an impact on future profitability.

3

LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Disbursement funding
The disbursement funding division operates in Australia and is referred to as 'JustKapital Finance'.

JustKapital Finance provides finance to law firms to fund the legal disbursements required to progress the claims of their 
clients  and  which  the  client  generally  cannot  fund  themselves.  The  deferred  payment  structure  offered  by  JustKapital 
Finance  addresses  the  immediate  and  growing  demand  where  the  client  or  firm  cannot,  or  may  not  be  willing  to,  fund 
disbursements directly. JustKapital Finance does not fund the legal fees related to the case. JustKapital Finance pays the 
disbursements directly, charges a standardised mark-up and immediately invoices the law firm once the disbursements are 
paid. The JustKapital Finance invoice becomes payable upon completion of the underlying case, which on average is in 
about 28 months’ time. Discounts may be provided to the invoiced cost if the case concludes quickly or in other exceptional 
circumstances.  The  key  business  driver  of  the  disbursement  funding  business  is  to  ensure  that  the  client  law  firm 
progresses the case within normal parameters. In any given financial period, the profitability of the disbursement funding 
business  is  dependent  upon  revenue  and  discount  levels.  Legislative,  regulatory,  judicial,  policy  changes,  and  additional 
competition may have an impact on future profitability.

Litigation funding
During  the  2018  financial  year  the  Board  resolved  to  exit  the  litigation  funding  division.  The  litigation  funding  division  is 
capital intensive which has stretched the Group’s working capital resources. Therefore, the Board determined that the best 
use  of  the  Group’s  limited  resources  was  to  invest  in  its  core  businesses,  being  the  JustKapital  Finance  and  NHF 
businesses.

On  29  January  2021,  as  announced  to  the  market,  the  Company  entered  into  a  definitive  conditional  agreement  to  sell 
JustKapital  Litigation  Pty  Ltd  (and  its  subsidiaries)  for  A$1  to  Legal  Equity  Partners  Pty  Limited  (‘LEP’),  plus  conditional 
proceeds equal to:

●
●

50% of the net proceeds received from one of the funded cases; and
50% of any excess proceeds after repayment of the secured debt.

For  the  purposes  of  financial  reporting,  management  has  assumed  the  value  of  the  conditional  component  of  the  sales 
proceeds  to  have  nil  value.  Management  is  in  the  process  of  satisfying  conditions  precedent  under  the  sale  agreement 
including  holding  an  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  ('EGM')  for  shareholders  to  approve  the  transaction.  Grant  Thornton 
had prepared an Independent Expert's Report which has concluded the transaction to be fair and reasonable.

As announced to the market on 24 March 2021, the EGM which had been convened for 29 March 2021, for Shareholders 
to consider their approval of the transaction, was postponed. The decision to postpone the EGM was made following the 
Group being informed that one of the litigation cases where JustKapital Litigation Pty Ltd is a co-funder has had a material 
positive  development,  after  a  US  federal  jury  decided  that  the  plaintiff  should  be  paid  a  sum  higher  than  initially 
anticipated. The  defendant  has  made  statements  to  the  media  that  it  is  disappointed  with  the  ruling  and  that  it  would 
appeal.

The  Directors  and  Grant  Thornton  are  assessing  whether  the  development  affects  their  recommendation  that  the  sale 
transaction  is  fair  and  reasonable. The  Group  and  LEP  have  extended  the  deadline  for  completing  the  sale  (following 
satisfaction of conditions precedent) until 30 April 2021. The Group is currently in discussions with LEP regarding potential 
variations to the commercial terms of the sale agreement, in light of the developments. Once this process is concluded the 
Directors will circulate updated materials to shareholders (if required) and advise the new date for the EGM.

Given that the Company has previously indicated that the Litigation Funding business was in run-off (since late 2017), it 
has been deemed appropriate to reclassify this business as discontinued operations. 

Management  has  made  provisions  to  the  carrying  value  of  litigation  funding  assets  to  reflect  the  terms  of  the  sale 
agreement with LEP.

Dividends
There were no dividends paid, recommended or declared during the current or previous financial year.

4

LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Review of operations
At the commencement of this financial year, the Group was well positioned to execute its strategic plan. The foundation of 
the  plan  was  the  completion  of  its  financial  restructuring  through  various  capital  raising  initiatives  and  through  the 
conversion  of  debt  to  equity.  The  restructuring  had  been  announced  on  24  December  2019.  The  financial  restructuring 
initiatives  were  approved  by  shareholders  at  an  extraordinary  general  meeting  held  on  10  March  2020.  The  initiatives 
resulted in the issuance of a total of 404,869,578 new shares and the reduction of $50,481,000 in debt in the period. These 
initiatives  were  undertaken  to  reduce  the  overall  debt  levels  and  to  enable  the  Group  to  take  advantage  of  growth 
opportunities, particularly for the NHF business.

On 11 March 2020, Coronavirus was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation ('COVID-19 pandemic'). At 
the onset of the pandemic the Directors took immediate and decisive action. The Directors agreed to a full salary deferral 
for a minimum of three months, key management personnel agreed to salary deferments of between 25% and 50%, a third 
of  the  workforce  was  dismissed,  deferred  payment  arrangements  were  structured  with  creditors  and  standstill 
arrangements were negotiated with the Group’s financiers. This decisive action has ensured that the Group could continue 
to operate during the pandemic, albeit on a smaller scale.

National Health Finance ('NHF')
In the United States ('U.S.') court activity has slowed dramatically since the COVID-19 outbreak, and cases have not been 
able  to  move  through  the  system  in  the  normal  manner,  thereby  extending  case  settlement  timeframes.  Motor  vehicle 
insurers  have  taken  advantage  of  the  situation  to  delay  settlement  discussions  and  make  payments  unless  the  victim  is 
willing to accept discounts. This has had a material impact on cash collections. As a result, our cash flow from collections 
in the U.S. are down from our expectations for 2020.

JustKapital Finance ('JKF')
JKF,  the  Australian  disbursement  funding  business,  collected  on  receivables  throughout  the  year  consistently  with 
expectations. However, JKF issued significantly fewer loans during 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and debt 
funding challenges.

Significant changes in the state of affairs
Strategic review, management changes and turnaround plans

Despite the actions taken by the Directors in response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic they were insufficient to 
ensure  that  the  cashflows  generated  by  the  business  could  fund  operations  of  the  business  and  meet  the  financing 
obligations of the Group, particularly in respect of its Corporate Debt facilities.

The Directors’ commenced a strategic review of the Group in September 2020, and engaged Deloitte Financial Advisory 
Pty Ltd ('Deloitte') to support management in this review and to work closely with its Lenders under the defaulted secured 
Syndicated Acquisition Facility ('SAF').

On 9 December 2020, the Directors announced to the market the appointment of new executives Daniel Kleijn (CEO) and 
Phil Smith (CFO), who would be responsible for developing and delivering the Group’s turnaround. The Group’s turnaround 
plans are comprised of its Restructuring and Recapitalisation plan ('RP'), and strategic Value Creation Plans ('VCP').

Simultaneously with the changes to the executive management team, the Group undertook and completed a A$5 million 
Share Placement which was announced to the market on 11 December 2020. This placement was strongly supported by 
existing shareholders and new investors which included the largest lenders under the Syndicated Acquisition Facility. This 
A$5m capital injection provided the required liquidity funding to develop Turnaround Plans and implement the RP.

The  Group  is  in  the  process  of  implementing  its  RP,  which  has  three  key  components. The  RP  is  designed  to  reset  the 
Group’s capital and funding structures to provide the Group the required platform to pursue its VCP. The following three 
components  of  the  RP  are  inter-related,  and  as  such  are  being  negotiated  and  pursued  simultaneously  on  an  inter-
conditional basis

(1) Obtain a new NHF Front Book finance facility in order to refinance Atalaya and support strategic growth plans for the 

NHF business;

(2) Restructure Corporate Debt Facilities including the conversion of a substantial portion of corporate debt to the equity 

(shares) of the Group; and

(3) Raising sufficient new equity capital to fund operations and support the implementation of the VCP.

There were no other significant changes in the state of affairs of the Group during the financial year.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Matters subsequent to the end of the financial year
(i) On 29 January 2021, as announced to the market, the Company entered into a definitive conditional agreement to sell 

JustKapital Litigation Pty Ltd (and its subsidiaries) for A$1, plus conditional proceeds equal to:

● 50% of the net proceeds received from one of the funded cases; and
● 50% of any excess proceeds after repayment of the secured debt.

For  the  purposes  of  financial  reporting,  management  has  assumed  the  value  of  the  conditional  component  of  the 
sales  proceeds  to  have  nil  value.  Management  is  in  the  process  of  satisfying  conditions  precedent  under  the  sale 
agreement  including  holding  an  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  for  shareholders  to  approve  the  transaction.  Grant 
Thornton have prepared an Independent Expert’s Report (‘IER’) which had concluded the transaction to be fair and 
reasonable  and  in  the  best  interest  of  shareholders.  This  IER  is  currently  being  updated  based  on  recent  positive 
developments, as announced to the market on 24 March 2021. The terms of the agreement are being reconsidered in 
parallel  with  Grant  Thornton’s  work.  The  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  to  obtain  shareholder  approval  for  the 
transaction has been postponed until further notice.

(ii)

In  February  2021  AssetSecure  Pty  Ltd,  being  the  asset-backed  lender  to  JustKapital  Financing  Pty  Ltd,  formally 
agreed to amend terms of the facility to allow originations to recommence albeit in a reduced capacity of A$2-3 million
subject to their own internal periodic reviews. AssetSecure Pty Ltd’s internal lending mandate has changed and the 
Directors envisage refinancing this facility with a new lender by the end of June 2021. There are continuing defaults 
under the Receivables Purchase Agreement which the borrower is seeking to resolve.

No  other matter or circumstance has  arisen since  31 December 2020 that has  significantly affected, or  may significantly 
affect the Group's operations, the results of those operations, or the Group's state of affairs in future financial years.

Environmental regulation
The Group is not subject to any significant environmental regulation under Australian Commonwealth or State law.

Information on directors
Name:
Title:
Experience and expertise:

Other current directorships:

Tim Storey
Non-Executive Chairman, Non-Executive Director 
Tim holds a number of directorships in various private and public companies. He is a 
barrister  and  solicitor  and  was  a  partner  at  one  of  New  Zealand’s  premier  law  firms 
through  to  2006  and  has  practised  in  both  Australia  and  New  Zealand,  focusing  on 
corporate,  commercial  and  property  transactions.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Institute  of 
Directors (NZ) and the Financial Services Institute of Australasia.
Chairman  of  Stride  Property  Group  (NZX:  SPG)  and  Director  of  Investore  Property 
Limited (NZX: IPL).

Former directorships (last 3 years): None
Special responsibilities:

Interests in shares:
Interests in options:
Interests in rights:

Member of the Remuneration and Nominations Committee and Chairman of the Audit 
and Risk Committee
7,263,315 ordinary shares
Nil options/warrants over ordinary shares
Nil performance rights over ordinary shares

Name:
Title:
Experience and expertise:

Anthony Murphy
Non-Executive Director
Anthony  is  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Lucerne  Investment  Partners  and  is 
responsible 
leading  both  Group  strategy  and  ongoing 
management  at  Lucerne  Investment  Partners.  Anthony  founded  and  led  the 
Australian Wealth Management business at Canaccord Genuity – a global investment 
bank.  Anthony  holds  a  Bachelor  of  Economics  and  Bachelor  of  Commerce  degrees 
from Australian National University.
Other current directorships:
None
Former directorships (last 3 years): None
Special responsibilities:

for  overseeing  and 

Chairman of the Remuneration and Nominations Committee and member of the Audit 
and Risk Committee
5,636,250 ordinary shares
Nil options/warrants over ordinary shares
Nil performance rights over ordinary shares

Interests in shares:
Interests in options:
Interests in rights:

6

LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Name:
Title:
Experience and expertise:

David Wattel
Non-Executive Director (resigned as Executive Director 1 December 2020)
David  graduated  from  the  University  of  Illinois  in  1984  with  a  degree  in  economics 
before obtaining his Juris Doctor (JD) in 1988 from Arizona State University College 
of  Law.  He  has  practiced  personal  injury  law  ever  since  graduating.  He  founded 
Wattel  &  York;  a  multi-state  personal  injury  and  medical  malpractice  law  firm.  He 
speaks  at  numerous  conferences  in  the  area  of  personal  injury  and  litigation.  David 
has been actively managing and overseeing the growth of NHF.
Other current directorships:
None
Former directorships (last 3 years): None
None
Special responsibilities:
107,548,701 ordinary shares
Interests in shares:
61,431,818 warrants over ordinary shares; 35,750,000 options over ordinary shares
Interests in options:
Nil performance rights over ordinary shares
Interests in rights:

Name:
Title:
Experience and expertise:

Daniel Kleijn (appointed on 8 December 2020)
Chief Executive Officer, Managing Director
Prior  to  joining  LawFinance  Limited,  Daniel  was  a  Managing  Director  at  Lazard  and 
UBS.  Daniel  has  a  Master  of  Economics  from  the  University  of  Groningen  in  the 
Netherlands and is a mentor to CEOs of charities.
Other current directorships:
None
Former directorships (last 3 years): None
None
Special responsibilities:
Nil ordinary shares
Interests in shares:
Nil options/warrants over ordinary shares
Interests in options:
Nil performance rights over ordinary shares
Interests in rights:

Name:
Title:
Experience and expertise:

Diane Jones (resigned on 8 December 2020)
Former Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director
Prior to joining LawFinance Limited in 2016, Diane was the Chief Operating Officer, 
Chief Financial Officer and Company Secretary of Australia’s largest litigation funder 
IMF Bentham Limited (ASX: IMF).
Other current directorships:
None
Former directorships (last 3 years): None
None
Special responsibilities:

'Other current directorships' quoted above are current directorships for listed entities only and exclude directorships of all 
other types of entities, unless otherwise stated.

'Former  directorships  (last  3  years)'  quoted  above  are  directorships  held  in  the  last  3  years  for  listed  entities  only  and 
excludes directorships of all other types of entities, unless otherwise stated.

Company secretary
Andrew Palfreyman was appointed Company Secretary on 18 February 2021. Andrew is a corporate lawyer and company 
secretary  within  the  Automic  Group,  a  professional  services  company  providing  company  secretarial,  legal,  registry  and 
accounting  services  to  Australian  entities.  He  provides  legal  counsel,  company  secretarial  and  corporate  compliance 
advice to listed and private companies. He was admitted to the Supreme Court of NSW as a practising solicitor in 2018.

The previous Company Secretary was Dean Jagger who resigned from the position on 18 February 2021.

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Meetings of directors
The number of meetings of the Company's Board of Directors ('the Board') held during the year ended 31 December 2020, 
and the number of meetings attended by each director were:

Tim Storey
Anthony Murphy
David Wattel
Daniel Kleijn
Diane Jones

Full Board

Attended

Held

4
4
4
-
4

4
4
4
-
4

Held: represents the number of meetings held during the time the Director held office. In addition to formal board meetings 
held, the Board has regular conferences that have not been designated formal board meetings.

The Audit and Risk Committee and Remuneration Committee meetings were combined with Board meetings as detailed 
above.

Remuneration report (audited)
The  remuneration  report  details  the  key  management  personnel  ('KMP')  remuneration  arrangements  for  the  Group,  in 
accordance with the requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 and its Regulations.

KMPs  are  those  persons  having  authority  and  responsibility  for  planning,  directing  and  controlling  the  activities  of  the 
relevant entity, directly or indirectly, including all directors.

The remuneration report is set out under the following main headings:
●
●
●
●
●
●

Principles used to determine the nature and amount of remuneration
Details of remuneration
Service agreements
Share-based compensation
General performance and link to remuneration policy
Additional disclosures relating to KMPs

Details of the KMPs
The KMPs currently comprise of the following directors and other senior executives of the Group.

Name

Title

Non-Executive Directors

  Tim Storey
  Anthony Murphy
  David Wattel

Executive Directors
     Daniel Kleijn
     Diane Jones

Senior Executives
  Anthony Hersch
  Phil Smith
  Craig Beatton
  Sarika Merchant
  Richard Cruz

Non-Executive Chairman, Non-Executive Director
Non-Executive Director
Non-Executive Director (Former Chief Executive Officer – NHF and Executive Director – 
resigned 1 December 2020)

Chief Executive Officer, Managing Director (appointed 8 December 2020)
Former Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director (resigned 8 December 2020)

Chief Operating Officer
Chief Financial Officer (appointed 8 December 2020)
Head of Reporting and Compliance, Former Chief Financial Officer
Former Chief Financial Officer – NHF (resigned 31 July 2020)
Chief Operating Officer - NHF

8

LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Principles used to determine the nature and amount of remuneration

Remuneration & Nominations Committee ('R&NC')
Due to the size and composition of the Board, the responsibilities of the R&NC continued to be performed by the full Board 
during  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2020.  Therefore,  during  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2020  the 
Board was responsible for the following in relation to the remuneration policy and practices of the Group:

●
●

determining and reviewing remuneration arrangements for the Board and senior executives; and
assessing the appropriateness of the nature and amount of the emoluments of the directors and senior executives by 
reference  to  relevant  employment  market  conditions,  with  the  overall  objective  of  ensuring  the  best  stakeholder 
benefit from the Board and executive team.

Remuneration policy
The  remuneration  policy  of  the  Group  has  been  designed  to  align  KMP  objectives  with  shareholder  and  business 
objectives by providing a fixed remuneration component and offering specific short-term and long-term incentives based on 
key performance areas affecting the Group’s financial results.

During  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2020,  the  Board’s  policy  for  determining  the  nature  and  amount  of 
remuneration for KMP of the Group was approved by the Board prior to the financial year ended 31 December 2020. This 
is detailed below:
●
●
●
●

senior executives receive a fixed remuneration component;
senior executives may receive a variable remuneration component via performance incentives;
performance incentives are paid once predetermined key performance indicators ('KPIs') have been met;
incentives paid in the form of options or rights are intended to align the interests of the Group and senior executives 
with those of the shareholders. In this regard, KMP are prohibited from limiting risk attached to those instruments by 
use of derivatives or other means; and
senior  executive  packages  are  reviewed  annually  by  reference  to  the  Group’s  performance,  executive  performance 
and comparable information from industry sectors.

●

Non-executive directors remuneration
Non-executive directors' fees and payments are reviewed annually. Usually, this review will be undertaken by the R&NC, 
however due to the current structure of the Board this responsibility has currently moved to the Board. The chairman's fees 
are  determined  independently  to  the  fees  of  other  non-executive  directors  based  on  comparative  roles  in  the  external 
market.  The  chairman  is  not  present  at  any  discussions  relating  to  the  determination  of  his  own  remuneration.  Non-
executive directors may be offered the opportunity, and encouraged, to participate in the Group’s equity plan arrangements 
to align their interests with shareholder interests.

Non-executive directors fees

Role

Chairman
Non-executive director

US$

80,630
57,593

ASX  listing  rules  require  the  aggregate  non-executive  director  remuneration  be  determined  periodically  by  a  general 
meeting.  The  most  recent  determination  was  at  the  Annual  General  Meeting  held  on  30  November  2011,  where  the 
shareholders approved a maximum annual aggregate remuneration of US$230,370 (A$300,000).

Executive remuneration
The Group aims to reward executives based on their position and responsibility, with a level and mix of remuneration which 
has  both  fixed  and  variable  components.  The  executive  remuneration  and  reward  framework  has  the  following 
components, the combination of these comprise the executive's total remuneration.

Fixed remuneration
Fixed  compensation,  consisting  of  base  salary,  superannuation  and  non-monetary  benefits,  is  reviewed  annually  by  the 
Board. The process consists of a review of Group and individual performance, relevant comparative compensation in the 
market and internally and, where appropriate, external advice on policies and practices.

Executives  may  receive  their  fixed  remuneration  in  the  form  of  cash  or  other  fringe  benefits  (for  example  motor  vehicle 
benefits) where it does not create any additional costs to the Group and provides additional value to the executive.

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Variable remuneration
The objective of the variable compensation incentive is to reward executives in a manner that aligns this element of their 
compensation with the objectives and internal KPIs of the Group. The total potential incentive available is set at a level so 
as to provide sufficient incentive to the executive to achieve the operational targets and such that the cost to the Group is 
reasonable in the circumstances.

The variable component is delivered in two parts:

a) Short-Term Incentive Plan ('STIP')
The STIP is a discretionary annual bonus payment available to participants who are senior executives of the Company and 
is  based  on  a  percentage  (up  to  30%  for  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2020,  with  a  further  15%  stretch  at  the 
discretion of the Board) of the senior executive participant's total fixed remuneration ('TFR'), payable in cash or ordinary 
shares of the Company at the discretion of the Board.

The purpose of the STIP component is to provide an annual 'at risk' incentive to senior executive participants that is linked 
to the achievement of specific financial and non-financial objectives. Participants are eligible to participate in the STIP from 
the beginning of each financial year, which is also when financial and non-financial performance objectives are set for each 
Executive  Participant.  At  the  end  of  the  financial  year,  the  financial  objectives  are  reassessed  for  the  following  financial 
year and may include stretch targets where the Board thinks this is consistent with enhancing Total Shareholders Return 
('TSR').

b) Long-Term Incentive Plan ('LTIP')
The  LTIP  is  a  discretionary  bonus  available  to  directors  and  senior  executives  and  complements  the  STIP.  The  LTIP 
encourages equity ownership and gives participants the opportunity to be rewarded for shareholder value creation.

The LTIP comprises any one, or a combination, of the following:

options;

(i)
(ii) performance rights (or, in certain circumstances, a cash payment in lieu of shares); and/or
(iii) plan loan under the Loan Agreement (for the purpose of funding the issue price of the shares offered.

Use of remuneration consultants
During  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2020,  the  Board  engaged  HRascent  to  review  and  advise  on  KMP 
remuneration, for both directors and senior executives. The advice is continuing and no fees were paid to HRascent during 
the financial year.

Voting and comments made at the Company's 2020 Annual General Meeting ('AGM')
At the 2020 AGM held on 29 July 2020, 96.44% of the votes received supported the adoption of the remuneration report for 
the financial period ended 31 December 2019.

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Details of remuneration

Amounts of remuneration
Remuneration for the year 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020.

31 Dec 2020

Executive Directors:
David Wattel (i)
Daniel Kleijn (ii)
Diane Jones (iii)

Non-Executive Directors:
Tim Storey (iv)
Anthony Murphy (v)

Other KMP:
Anthony Hersch
Phil Smith (vi)
Craig Beatton
Sarika Merchant (vii)
Richard Cruz

Salary and
fees
US$

201,266
22,447
365,070

72,462
47,268

251,201
11,182
156,210
284,454
263,215
1,674,775

Short-term 
benefits

EIP and
bonuses monetary

Non-

Post-
employme-
nt benefits 
Super-

Long ser-
annuation vice leave

Long-term 
benefits 

US$

US$

US$

US$

-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
1,021
14,494

-
4,491

14,494
1,062
14,594
-
-
50,156

-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

Share-
based 
payments 
Equity-
settled
US$

-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

Total
US$

201,266
23,468
379,564

72,462
51,759

265,695
12,244
170,804
284,454
263,215
1,724,931

(i) Represents remuneration from 1 January 2020 to 1 December 2020. David resigned as an Executive Director on 1 
December 2020 but continues as a Non-Executive Director. He was not paid any Directors Fees as a Non-Executive
Director during the current year.

(ii) Represents remuneration from 8 December 2020 to 31 December 2020.
(iii) Represents remuneration from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020. Diane resigned as Chief Executive Officer and

Executive Director on 8 December 2020 and is currently serving out her Notice Period to 30 June 2021.

(iv) Prolex Limited, an entity associated with Tim Storey, was paid US$72,462 (A$105,000) for directors’ fees. A$50,000 

of these directors’ fees have been accrued and are yet to be paid.

(v) Of the total of US$51,759 (A$75,000), A$56,250 has been accrued and is yet to be paid.
(vi) Represents remuneration from 8 December 2020 to 31 December 2020.
(vii) Represents remuneration as Chief Financial Officer – NHF from 1 January 2020 to 31 July 2020 of US$217,977 and

remuneration as a consultant (charged on an hourly basis) from 1 August 2020 to 31 December 2020 of US$66,477.

11

LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Remuneration for the year 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019.

31 Dec 2019

Executive Directors:
David Wattel
Diane Jones

Non-Executive Directors:
Tim Storey (i)
Anthony Murphy

Other KMP:
Anthony Hersch
Craig Beatton
Sarika Merchant
Richard Cruz

Short-term 
benefits

EIP and
bonuses monetary

Non-

Post-
employme-
nt benefits 
Super-

Long ser-
annuation vice leave

Long-term 
benefits 

US$

US$

US$

US$

Salary and
fees
US$

400,000
368,421

1,882
122,869

73,095
47,681

-
-

-
-

-
-

229,193
143,043
274,748
230,000
1,766,181

51,166
20,884
36,882
51,882
285,565

-
-
5,149
5,842
10,991

-
14,457

-
4,530

14,457
13,589
-
-
47,033

-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Share-
based 
payments 
Equity-
settled
US$

-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Total
US$

401,882
505,747

73,095
52,211

294,816
177,516
316,779
287,724
2,109,770

(i) Prolex Limited, an entity associated with Tim Storey, was paid US$73,095 for directors fees.

The proportion of remuneration linked to performance and the fixed proportion are as follows:

Name

Executive Directors:
David Wattel
Daniel Kleijn
Diane Jones

Non-executive Directors:
Tim Storey
Anthony Murphy

Other KMP:
Anthony Hersch
Phil Smith
Craig Beatton
Sarika Merchant
Richard Cruz

Fixed remuneration

Performance related - STIP Performance related - LTIP
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019 31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019 31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

99% 
-
76% 

100% 
100% 

83% 
-
88% 
88% 
82% 

-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-

1% 
-
24% 

-
-

17% 
-
12% 
12% 
18% 

-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Service agreements
Remuneration and other terms of employment for KMP are formalised in service agreements. Details of these agreements 
are as follows:

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Tim Storey
Non-Executive Chairman, Non-Executive Director
1 April 2015
Ongoing
Tim is paid a gross salary of US$80,600 (A$105,000) per annum.

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Anthony Murphy
Non-Executive Director
31 October 2017
Ongoing
Anthony  is  paid  a  gross  salary  of  US$57,593  (A$75,000)  per  annum  inclusive  of 
superannuation.

David Wattel
Non-Executive Director (resigned as Executive Director 1 December 2020)
28 September 2018
Ongoing
David was paid a gross salary of US$400,000 per annum until 1 May 2020, reduced 
to  $240,000  per  annum  until  1  December  2020.  During  the  current  year,  David  was 
not paid a salary from 10 March 2020 to 30 June 2020. Notice period is 1 month by 
NHF,  or  3  months  by  the  employee.  David’s  remuneration  structure  from  1  January 
2021  is  yet  to  be  finalised,  but  will  be  linked  exclusively  to  performance  metrics,  as 
outlined in the Company’s market announcement on 9 December 2020.

Daniel Kleijn
Chief Executive Officer, Managing Director
8 December 2020
Ongoing
Daniel is paid a gross salary of US$441,543 (A$575,000) per annum inclusive of 
superannuation. Notice period is 6 months by either party.
Daniel will be eligible to participate in STI arrangements offered by LAW from time to 
time commencing in the 2021 Financial (calendar) year. Daniel will be entitled to up to 
75% of his fixed remuneration in the 2021 financial year.
Daniel will be eligible to participate in LTI arrangements offered by LAW from time to 
time. Upon joining LAW, Daniel will be offered a grant of options to acquire 
45,833,333 LAW shares with a strike price of A$0.049. The options will vest 3 years 
from the date of grant and be exercisable for a 1 year period after they vest. These 
options have an approximate value of A$412,500. In the 2021 financial year, Daniel 
will be offered a grant of options to acquire LAW shares, with a minimum value of 
A$412,500. Further details regarding these awards will be determined in the future by 
LAW, but the terms relating to vesting and exercise of these options will be consistent 
with those granted to other LAW executives.

Diane Jones
Former Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director (resigned 8 December 2020)
15 March 2016
Not applicable
Diane  is  paid  a  gross  salary  of  US$422,345  (A$550,000)  per  annum  inclusive  of 
superannuation.  She  is  currently  serving  her  Notice  Period,  which  expires  30  June 
2021.

Anthony Hersch
Chief Operating Officer
18 April 2016
Ongoing
Anthony 
is  paid  a  gross  salary  of  US$230,370  (A$300,000)  (US$295,642 
(A$385,000)  to  31  December  2020)  per  annum  inclusive  of  superannuation.  Notice 
period is 3 months.

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:
Details:

Phil Smith
Chief Financial Officer
8 December 2020
Ongoing
Phil is paid a gross salary of US$230,370 (A$300,000) per annum inclusive of 
superannuation. Notice period is 3 months by the Company or 6 months by the 
employee.
Phil will be eligible to participate in STI arrangements offered by LAW from time to 
time commencing in the 2021 Financial (calendar) year. Phil will be entitled to up to 
75% of his fixed remuneration in the 2021 financial year.
Phil will be eligible to participate in LTI arrangements offered by LAW from time to 
time. Upon joining LAW, Phil will be offered a grant of options to acquire 25,000,000 
LAW shares with a strike price of A$0.049. The options will vest 3 years from the date 
of grant and be exercisable for a 1 year period after they vest. These options have an 
approximate value of A$225,000. In the 2021 financial year, Phil will be offered a 
grant of options to acquire LAW shares, with a minimum value of A$225,000. Further 
details regarding these awards will be determined in the future by LAW, but the terms 
relating to vesting and exercise of these options will be consistent with those granted 
to other LAW executives.

Craig Beatton
Head of Reporting & Compliance (Chief Financial Officer until 8 December 2020)
9 September 2016
Ongoing
Craig is paid a gross salary of US$153,580 (A$200,000) (US$190,055 (A$247,500) to 
31 December 2020) per annum inclusive of superannuation. Notice period is 1 month.

Sarika Merchant
Former Chief Financial Officer – NHF (resigned 31 July 2020)
11 April 2018
Not applicable
Sarika was paid an annual base salary of US$300,000 per annum. No notice period. 
From 1 August 2020 to 31 December 2020 Sarika was retained as a consultant on an 
hourly basis to assist with the transitioning of her role.

Name:
Title:
Agreement commenced:
Term of agreement:

Details:

Richard Cruz
Chief Operating Officer - NHF
No signed agreement in place, commenced employment 25 April 2016.
No agreement in place and employment relationship is governed by general Arizonan 
law.
Richard is paid an annual salary of US$230,000 per annum. No notice period.

KMPs have no entitlement to termination payments in the event of removal for misconduct.

Share-based compensation

Issue of shares
There  were  no  shares  issued  to  directors  and  other  KMP  as  part  of  compensation  during  the  year  ended  31  December 
2020.

Options
There  were  no  options  over  ordinary  shares  issued  to  directors  and  other  KMP  as  part  of  compensation  that  were 
outstanding as at 31 December 2020.

Performance rights
There were no performance rights over ordinary shares issued to directors and other KMP as part of compensation that 
were outstanding as at 31 December 2020.

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

General performance and link to remuneration policy
The earnings of the Group for the five years to 31 December 2020 are summarised below:

31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

31 Dec 2018 30 Jun 2018 30 Jun 2017

US$'000

(restated)
US$'000

US$'000

US$'000

US$'000

Total revenue and other income
EBITDA (excluding the litigation funding 
business)
Loss after income tax

(7,519)

(656)

4,554

5,918

3,570

(57,154)
(78,136)

(28,324)
(23,256)

120
(11,548)

2,857
(5,142)

1,929
(4,279)

The factors that are considered to affect TSR are summarised below:

31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019 31 Dec 2018 30 Jun 2018 30 Jun 2017

Share price at financial year end (A$)
Basic loss per share (cents per share)
Diluted loss per share (cents per share)

0.03
(8.68)
(8.68)

0.06
(4.70)
(4.70)

0.07
(4.60)
(4.60)

0.07
(3.68)
(3.68)

0.20
(3.53)
(3.53)

The basic loss per share and diluted loss per share for the year ended 31 December 2019 is restated (refer to note 4). 

Short-Term Incentive Plan
Financial year ended 31 December 2020 - STIP
There were no bonuses paid to KMPs during the current financial period.

Financial year ended 31 December 2019 - STIP
KMPs  were  paid  an  incentive  for  the  successful  integration  of  the  NHF  business  into  the  Group,  to  create  a  platform  to 
achieve future growth and improved financial performance.

Name

Diane Jones
David Wattel
Anthony Hersch
Craig Beatton
Richard Cruz
Sarika Merchant

Maximum
STI
$

Actual
STI
$

 Awarded
STI
%

122,869
120,000
68,758
42,913
69,000
82,424

122,869
1,882
51,666
20,884
51,882
36,882

505,964

286,065

100% 
2% 
75% 
49% 
75% 
45% 

Long-Term Incentive Plan
There  were  no  grants  of  equity  under  the  LTIP  during  the  financial  period  ended  31  December  2020  and  31  December 
2019.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Additional disclosures relating to KMPs
Shareholding
The  number  of  ordinary  shares  in  the  Company  held  during  the  financial  year  by  each  director  and  other  KMP  of  the 
Group, including their personally related parties, is set out below:

Tim Storey
Anthony Murphy
David Wattel
Diane Jones*
Anthony Hersch
Craig Beatton

Balance at  Received as
 part of rem-
the start of 
 uneration
the year
6,603,014
3,865,000
107,548,701
3,911,831
957,227
50,000
122,935,773

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Additions

660,301
1,771,250
-
1,210,273
-
50,000
3,691,824

Disposals/ 
other

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Balance at 
the end of 
the year
7,263,315
5,636,250
107,548,701
5,122,104
957,227
100,000
126,627,597

*

shares held at the date of resignation

During  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2020,  there  were  no  shares  in  the  Company  held  by  directors  and  other 
KMPs other than those disclosed in the table above.

Options granted
The number of options over ordinary shares in the Company held during the financial year by each director and other KMP 
of the Group, including their personally related parties, is set out below:

Options over ordinary shares
David Wattel

Balance at 
the start of 
the year

Granted

Exercised

Expired/ 
forfeited/ 
other

Balance at 
the end of 
the year

-
-

35,750,000
35,750,000

-
-

-
-

35,750,000
35,750,000

The details of the options granted during the financial year is set out below:

Grant date

13/03/2020
13/03/2020
13/03/2020

Expiry date

28/09/2021
28/09/2022
28/09/2023

*

Exercise price - A$0.25, A$0.40 and A$0.60 respectively.

Exercise 
price*

US$0.192 
US$0.307 
US$0.461 

Number

12,000,000
11,250,000
12,500,000
35,750,000

The options were granted as full payment for David's 50% portion of a promissory note (US$4,500,000) and vendor loans 
(A$8,600,000).

During the financial year ended 31 December 2020, there were no options over ordinary shares in the Company held by 
directors and KMP’s other than those disclosed in the table above.

Performance rights
During  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2020,  there  were  no  performance  rights  over  ordinary  shares  in  the 
Company held by directors and other KMPs.

16

LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Convertible bonds
The number of convertible bonds in the Company held during the financial year by each director and other KMPs of the 
Group, including their personally-related parties, is set below:

Balance at Received as
 the start of  part of rem-
uneration

the year

Additions

Disposals/
Other

Balance at
 the end of
the year

Diane Jones

500

-

-

(500)

-

During the financial year ended 31 December 2020, there were no convertible bonds in the Company held by directors and 
other KMPs other than those disclosed in the table above.

Warrants
The  number  of  warrants  over  ordinary  shares  in  the  Company  held  during  the  financial  year  by  each  director  and  other 
KMP of the Group, including their personally related parties, is set out below:

David Wattel

Balance at 
the start of 
the year
61,431,818
61,431,818

Granted

Vested

-
-

Expired/ 
forfeited/ 
other

Balance at 
the end of 
the year
61,431,818
61,431,818

-
-

-
-

The grant date and expiry date of the warrants is 28 September 2018 and 28 September 2022 respectively.

The exercise price of the warrants is A$0.135 (31 December 2019: A$0.135). As a result of the capital raising undertaken, 
the exercise price of the warrants was adjusted in accordance with ASX Listing Rule 6.22.2.

During the financial year ended 31 December 2020, there were no warrants over ordinary shares in the Company held by 
directors and other KMPs other than those disclosed in the table above.

Other transactions with KMPs and their related parties
Lucerne  Group  manages  funds  on  behalf  of  third  parties.  Anthony  Murphy  is  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Lucerne 
Investment Partners, part of the Lucerne Group. Refer to note 34 for further details.

David  Wattel  is  a  director  of  Multus  Medical  LLC,  a  company  that  specialises  in  creating  3-Dimensional  anatomical 
schematics  from  standardised  MRI  data.  This  company  provides  services  to  patients  to  assist  in  their  personal  injury 
insurance claims, and NHF funds the cost of these services. David is also a founding member of Wattel & York – Attorneys 
at Law, a personal injury and property damage law firm. Wattel & York have the carriage and conduct over a small number 
of personal injury matters where NHF holds a medical lien. Refer to note 34 for further details.

This concludes the remuneration report, which has been audited.

Shares under option
Unissued ordinary shares of LawFinance Limited under option at the date of this report are as follows:

Grant date

13/03/2020
13/03/2020
13/03/2020

Expiry date

28/09/2021
28/09/2022
28/09/2023

Exercise 
price*

Number 
under option

US$0.192 
US$0.307 
US$0.461 

24,000,000
22,500,000
25,000,000

71,500,000

*

Exercise price - A$0.25, A$0.40 and A$0.60 respectively.

No person entitled to exercise the options had or has any right by virtue of the options to participate in any share issue of 
the Company or of any other body corporate.

17

LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

Shares under warrants
Unissued ordinary shares of LawFinance Limited under warrants at the date of this report are as follows:

Grant date

28/09/2018*
28/09/2018**

Expiry date

28/09/2022
28/09/2022

Number 
under rights

329,880,000
122,863,636

452,743,636

The exercise price of the warrants is A$0.135 (31 December 2019: A$0.135). As a result of the capital raising undertaken, 
the exercise price of the warrants was adjusted in accordance with ASX Listing Rule 6.22.2.

* Warrants issued to other Syndicated Acquisition Facility participants
** Warrants issued to NHF Founders

Shares issued on the exercise of options
There  were  no  ordinary  shares  of  LawFinance  Limited  issued  on  the  exercise  of  options  during  the  year  ended  31 
December 2020 and up to the date of this report.

Shares issued on the exercise of warrants
There  were  no  ordinary  shares  of  LawFinance  Limited  issued  on  the  exercise  of  warrants  during  the  year  ended  31 
December 2020 and up to the date of this report.

Indemnity and insurance of officers
The  Company  has  indemnified  the  directors  and  executives  of  the  Company  for  costs  incurred,  in  their  capacity  as  a 
Director or executive, for which they may be held personally liable, except where there is a lack of good faith.

During the financial period, the Company paid a premium in respect of a contract to insure the directors and executives of 
the Company against a liability to the extent permitted by the Corporations Act 2001. The contract of insurance prohibits 
disclosure of the nature of the liability and the amount of the premium.

Indemnity and insurance of auditor
The Company has not, during or since the end of the financial year, indemnified or agreed to indemnify the auditor of the 
Company or any related entity against a liability incurred by the auditor.

During  the  financial  year,  the  Company  has  not  paid  a  premium  in  respect  of  a  contract  to  insure  the  auditor  of  the 
Company or any related entity.

Proceedings on behalf of the Company
No  person  has  applied  to  the  Court  under  section  237  of  the  Corporations  Act  2001  for  leave  to  bring  proceedings  on 
behalf  of  the  Company,  or  to  intervene  in  any  proceedings  to  which  the  Company  is  a  party  for  the  purpose  of  taking 
responsibility on behalf of the Company for all or part of those proceedings.

Non-audit services
Details of the amounts paid or payable to the auditor for non-audit services provided during the financial year by the auditor 
are outlined in note 31 to the financial statements.

The directors are satisfied that the provision of non-audit services during the financial year, by the auditor (or by another 
person or firm on the auditor's behalf), is compatible with the general standard of independence for auditors imposed by 
the Corporations Act 2001.

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Directors' report
31 December 2020

The directors are of the opinion that the services as disclosed in note 31 to the financial statements do not compromise the 
external auditor's independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 for the following reasons:
●

all non-audit services have been reviewed and approved to ensure that they do not impact the integrity and objectivity 
of the auditor; and
none of the services undermine the general principles relating to auditor independence as set out in APES 110 Code 
of  Ethics  for  Professional  Accountants  (including  Independence  Standards)  issued  by  the  Accounting  Professional 
and  Ethical  Standards  Board,  including  reviewing  or  auditing  the  auditor's  own  work,  acting  in  a  management  or 
decision-making capacity for the Company, acting as advocate for the Company or jointly sharing economic risks and
rewards.

●

Officers of the Company who are former directors of Stantons International
There are no officers of the Company who are former directors of Stantons International.

Rounding of amounts
The  Company  is  of  a  kind  referred  to  in  Corporations  Instrument  2016/191,  issued  by  the  Australian  Securities  and 
Investments Commission, relating to 'rounding-off'. Amounts in this report have been rounded off in accordance with that 
Corporations Instrument to the nearest thousand dollars, or in certain cases, the nearest dollar.

Auditor's independence declaration
A copy of the auditor's independence declaration as required under section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001 is set out 
immediately after this directors' report.

Auditor
Stantons International continues in office in accordance with section 327 of the Corporations Act 2001.

This  report  is  made  in  accordance  with  a  resolution  of  directors,  pursuant  to  section  298(2)(a)  of  the  Corporations  Act 
2001.

On behalf of the directors

___________________________
Tim Storey
Chairman

31 March 2021
Sydney

19

PO Box 1908 
West Perth WA 6872 
Australia 

Level 2, 1 Walker Avenue 
West Perth WA 6005 
Australia 

Tel: +61 8 9481 3188 
Fax: +61 8 9321 1204 

ABN: 84 144 581 519 
www.stantons.com.au 

Stantons International Audit and Consulting Pty Ltd  
trading as 

Chartered Accountants and Consultants 

31 March 2021 

Board of Directors 
LawFinance Limited 
Suite 2, Level 16 
56 Pitt Street,  
Sydney NSW 2000 

Dear Directors  

RE: 

LAWFINANCE LIMITED  

In  accordance  with  section  307C  of  the  Corporations  Act  2001,  I  am  pleased  to  provide  the  following 
declaration of independence to the directors of LawFinance Limited. 

As Audit Director for the audit of the financial statements of  LawFinance Limited for the year ended 31 
December  2020,  I  declare  that  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief,  there  have  been  no 
contraventions of: 

(i) 

the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the audit; and 

(ii) 

any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit. 

Yours sincerely 

STANTONS INTERNATIONAL AUDIT AND CONSULTING PTY LTD 
(Trading as Stantons International) 
(An Authorised Audit Company) 

Samir Tirokdar 
Director 

Liability limited by a scheme approved  
under Professional Standards Legislation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Revenue
Net loss from disbursement funding/medical lien funding
Other revenue
Total revenue
Non-supplier related cost of sales

Gross loss

Other income
Foreign exchange gain

Expenses
Impairment gain on financial liabilities
Employee benefits expense
Depreciation and amortisation expense
Impairment of assets
Administration and other expenses
Finance costs

Note

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000 
                        Restated*

US$'000

6
7

8

9
9
9
9
9
9

(9,444)
1,916 
(7,528)
(51)

(7,579)

2 
7 

19,602 
(4,951)
(666)
(42,866)
(3,872)
(16,831)

(925)
261 
(664)
206

(458)

3 
5 

-  
(5,760)
(591)
-  
(3,109)
(18,414)

(Loss) before income tax (expense)/benefit from continuing operations

(57,154)

(28,324)

Income tax (expense)/benefit

10

(13,542)

5,245 

(Loss) after income tax (expense)/benefit from continuing operations

(70,696)

(23,079)

(Loss) after income tax expense from discontinued operations

11

(7,440)

(177)

(Loss) after income tax (expense)/benefit for the year

(78,136)

(23,256)

Other comprehensive (loss)/income

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss
Foreign currency translation

Other comprehensive (loss)/income for the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive loss for the year

(Loss) for the year is attributable to:
Non-controlling interest
Owners of LawFinance Limited

Total comprehensive loss for the year is attributable to:
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Non-controlling interest

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Owners of LawFinance Limited

(1,680)

(1,680)

780 

780 

(79,816)

(22,476)

338 
(78,474)

(494)
(22,762)

(78,136)

(23,256)

338 
-  
338 

(494)
-  
(494)

(72,714)
(7,440)
(80,154)

(21,805)
(177)
(21,982)

(79,816)

(22,476)

11

The above consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income should be read in conjunction with the 
accompanying notes
21

LawFinance Limited
Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Earnings per share for loss from continuing operations attributable to the 
owners of LawFinance Limited
Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

Earnings per share for loss from discontinued operations attributable to the 
owners of LawFinance Limited
Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

Earnings per share for loss attributable to the owners of LawFinance Limited 
Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

*Refer to note 4 for detailed information on the restatement of comparatives.

12
12

12
12

12
12

Cents

Cents
Restated*

(7.82)
(7.82)

(4.77)
(4.77)

(0.82)
(0.82)

(8.68)
(8.68)

(0.04)
(0.04)

(4.70)
(4.70)

The above consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income should be read in conjunction with the 
accompanying notes
22

LawFinance Limited
Consolidated statement of financial position
As at 31 December 2020

Assets

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss - Australia
Financial assets at amortised cost - USA
Other loans and receivables
Prepayments

Assets held for sale
Total current assets

Non-current assets
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss - Australia
Financial assets at amortised cost - USA
Other loans and receivables
Investment held in joint operations
Property, plant and equipment
Right-of-use assets
Goodwill
Other intangibles
Deferred tax
Total non-current assets

Total assets

Liabilities

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Borrowings
Lease liabilities
Employee benefits

Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale
Total current liabilities

Non-current liabilities
Borrowings
Lease liabilities
Provision for withholding tax
Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net liabilities

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

Note

US$'000

US$'000
Restated*

13
14
15
16

11

14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
10

22
23

11

23

4,900 
7,194 
15,239 
677 
118 
28,128 
10,248 
38,376 

8,929 
38,014 
5 
-
91 
1,074 
-
10 
-
48,123 

5,777 
12,260 
17,236 
1,654 
165 
37,092 
-  
37,092 

9,923 
55,895 
5 
1,157
168
1,443
40,504
8,040
12,579
129,714 

86,499 

166,806 

6,789 
113,514 
461 
287 
121,051 
10,248 
131,299 

416 
784 
1,559 
2,759 

9,322 
117,375 
369 
213 
127,279 
-  
127,279 

40,073 
1,162 
804 
42,039 

134,058 

169,318 

(47,559)

(2,512)

The above consolidated statement of financial position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes
23

LawFinance Limited
Consolidated statement of financial position
As at 31 December 2020

Equity
Issued capital
Capitalising converting notes
Reserves
Accumulated losses
(Deficiency) attributable to the owners of LawFinance Limited
Non-controlling interest

Total (deficiency)

*Refer to note 4 for detailed information on the restatement of comparatives.

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

Note

US$'000

US$'000
Restated*

24
25
26

61,310 
13,933 
5,220 
(127,560)
(47,097)
(462)

40,924 
-  
6,778 
(49,086)
(1,384)
(1,128)

(47,559)

(2,512)

The above consolidated statement of financial position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes
24

LawFinance Limited
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Consolidated

Issued
capital
US$'000

Capitalising 
converting
notes
US$'000

Reserves
US$'000

Accumulated
losses
US$'000

Non-
controlling
interest
US$'000

5,998

(26,310)

516

Total 
(deficiency)
US$'000
Restated*
17,853

Balance at 1 January 2019

37,649

Adjustment for change in 
accounting policy (AASB 16 
Leases)

Balance at 1 January 2019 - 
restated

(Loss) after income tax benefit 
for the year
Other comprehensive income 
for the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive 
(loss)/income for the year

Transactions with owners in 
their capacity as owners:
Distributions to non-controlling 
interest
Issue of shares - placement 
(note 24)
Share issue costs

-

37,649

-

-

-

-

3,499
(224)

Balance at 31 December 2019

40,924

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-
-

-

-

(14)

-

(14)

5,998

(26,324)

516

17,839

-

(22,762)

(494)

(23,256)

780

-

-

780

780

(22,762)

(494)

(22,476)

-

-
-

-

-
-

(1,150)

(1,150)

-
-

3,499
(224)

6,778

(49,086)

(1,128)

(2,512)

*Refer to note 4 for detailed information on the restatement of comparatives.

The above consolidated statement of changes in equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes
25

LawFinance Limited
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Consolidated

Issued
capital
US$'000

Capitalising
converting
notes
US$'000

Reserves
US$'000

Accumulated
losses
US$'000

Non-
controlling
interest
US$'000

Total 
(deficiency)
US$'000

Balance at 1 January 2020

40,924

(Loss)/profit after income tax 
expense for the year
Other comprehensive loss for 
the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive 
(loss)/income for the year

Transactions with owners in 
their capacity as owners:
Contributions of equity, net of 
transaction costs (note 24)
Distribution to non-controlling 
interest
Share-based payments
Capitalising converting notes 
(note 25)

-

-

-

20,386

-
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-
-

13,933

6,778

(49,086)

(1,128)

(2,512)

-

(78,474)

338

(78,136)

(1,680)

-

-

(1,680)

(1,680)

(78,474)

338

(79,816)

-

-
122

-

-

-
-

-

-

328
-

-

20,386

328
122

13,933

Balance at 31 December 2020

61,310

13,933

5,220

(127,560)

(462)

(47,559)

The above consolidated statement of changes in equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes
26

 
 
LawFinance Limited
Consolidated statement of cash flows
For the year ended 31 December 2020

Cash flows from operating activities
Cash collections from customers (inclusive of GST)
Payments to suppliers and employees
Payments for disbursement reports and medical liens
Drawdowns from working capital facilities - disbursement funding division
Drawdowns from working capital facilities - medical lien funding division
Repayment of working capital facilities - disbursement funding division
Repayment of working capital facilities - medical lien funding division
Interest and fees related to working capital facilities
Interest received
Interest paid

Note

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

28,179 
(8,398)
(11,506)
3,526 
6,083 
(9,379)
(12,950)
(7,006)
2 
(18)

33,060 
(11,772)
(30,015)
9,903 
17,625 
(8,326)
(15,925)
(8,476)
7 
(70)

Net cash (outflow) from operating activities

37

(11,467)

(13,989)

Cash flows from investing activities
Payments for purchase of non-controlling interest
Payments for property, plant and equipment
Payments for litigation case funding (net of co-funders contributions)
Net proceeds from realisation of investments (case settlements)

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issue of shares
Share issue transaction costs
Proceeds from borrowings - corporate
Repayment of borrowings - corporate
Repayment of lease liabilities
Interest and fees related to loans and borrowings

Net cash inflow from financing activities

24

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the financial year
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the financial year

13

-  
(16)
(222)
1,855 

1,617 

9,058 
(409)
28,689 
(25,391)
(245)
(1,320)

(5)
(156)
(799)
632 

(328)

3,499 
-  
18,468 
(1,186)
(159)
(4,116)

10,382 

16,506 

532 
5,777 
(958)

5,351 

2,189 
3,696 
(108)

5,777 

The above consolidated statement of cash flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes
27

 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 1. General information

The  financial  statements  cover  LawFinance  Limited  as  a  Group  consisting  of  LawFinance  Limited  ('Company'  or  'parent 
entity') and the entities it controlled ('the Group') at the end of, or during, the period.

The financial statements are presented in United States dollars ('US$' or '$'), which is LawFinance Limited's presentation 
currency.  The  functional  currency  of  the  Group's  Australian  operations  is  Australian  dollars  ('A$')  and  that  of  its  United 
States operations is United States dollars.

LawFinance  Limited  is  a  listed  public  company  limited  by  shares,  incorporated  and  domiciled  in  Australia.  Its  registered 
office and principal place of business is:

Suite 2, Level 16 
56 Pitt Street
Sydney NSW 2000

A description of the nature of the Group's operations and its principal activities are included in the directors' report, which is 
not part of the financial statements.

The financial statements were authorised for issue, in accordance with a resolution of directors, on 31 March 2021.

Note 2. Significant accounting policies

New or amended Accounting Standards and Interpretations adopted
The  Group  has  adopted  all  of  the  new  or  amended  Accounting  Standards  and  Interpretations  issued  by  the  Australian 
Accounting Standards Board ('AASB') that are mandatory for the current reporting period.

Any new or amended Accounting Standards or Interpretations that are not yet mandatory have not been early adopted.

The following Accounting Standards and Interpretations are most relevant to the Group:

Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (Conceptual Framework)
The  Group  has  adopted  the  revised  Conceptual  Framework  from  1  January  2020.  The  Conceptual  Framework  contains 
new definition and recognition criteria as well as new guidance on measurement that affects several Accounting Standards, 
but it has not had a material impact on the Group's financial statements.

Basis of preparation
These general purpose financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and 
Interpretations  issued  by  the  Australian  Accounting  Standards  Board  ('AASB')  and  the  Corporations  Act  2001,  as 
appropriate  for  for-profit  oriented  entities.  These  financial  statements  also  comply  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ('IASB').

Historical cost convention
The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical  cost  convention,  modified  where  appropriate,  by  the 
measurement at fair value of selected non-current assets, financial assets and financial liabilities.

Critical accounting estimates
The  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical  accounting  estimates.  It  also  requires 
management  to  exercise  its  judgment  in  the  process  of  applying  the  Group's  accounting  policies.  The  areas  involving  a 
higher  degree  of  judgment  or  complexity,  or  areas  where  assumptions  and  estimates  are  significant  to  the  financial 
statements, are disclosed in note 3.

Going concern - material uncertainty
The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group  have  been  prepared  on  a  going  concern  basis,  which  indicates 
continuity of business activities and the realisation of assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business.

The Group made an after-tax loss of $78,136,000 for the year ended 31 December 2020 after realising net impairments of 
$27,438,000,  additional  provisioning  against  Financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  of  $3,044,000  and 
derecognising Group deferred tax assets of $12,579,000.

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

As  at  31  December  2020  the  Group  had  net  a  net  asset  deficiency  of  US$47,559,000  (31  December  2019:  net  asset 
deficiency: US$2,512,000). It had net current liabilities of US$92,923,000 (31 December 2019: US$90,187,000). Corporate 
Debt facilities of the Group were broadly in default of their payment obligations. The Group was working constructively with 
all its corporate lenders to restructure these facilities. The Lenders of the largest corporate debt facility being the Syndicate 
Acquisition  Facility,  which  had  outstanding  principal  and  interest,  including  side  loans,  of  US$41,342,000  (31  December 
2019: US$32,923,000) had agreed a formal standstill agreement until the end of April 2021, while they continued to work 
towards a consensual restructuring agreement.

As at 31 December 2020, NHF’s receivables-backed lending facilities were in technical breach of their facility terms (refer 
to  note  23).  Lenders,  including  Atalaya,  Assetsecure  and  EFI,  were  working  cooperatively  with  the  Group  to  rectify  this 
position.  The  Group  is  in  the  process  of  refinancing  NHF’s  Atalaya  facility,  which  is  secured  over  NHF’s  Front  Book  of 
receivables, with a new funder.

The  ability  of  the  Group  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  is  dependent  upon  the  successful  restructuring  of  the  Group’s 
liabilities and recapitalisation plans ('RP') and the continued support of the Group’s receivables-backed lenders.

The  Group’s  RP  focuses  on  five  key  components  which,  its  Directors  believe,  if  achieved,  would  ensure  that  the  Group 
remains a going concern.

The following five key components of the RP are inter-related and as such are being pursued simultaneously;
(1) Complete the sale of the ligation portfolio (refer note 11); 
(2) Restructure and/or obtain waivers of breaches under the Group’s EFI and Assetsecure receivables-backed facilities 

(referred to above and in note 23);

(3) Obtaining  a  new  NHF  Front  Book  finance  facility  in  order  to  refinance  Atalaya  $17,012,000  (note  23),  and  support 

strategic growth plans for the NHF business;

(4) Restructuring  the  Corporate  Debt  Facilities  including  the  conversion  of  a  substantial  portion  of  corporate  debt 

recorded on the balance sheet as at 31 December 2020, into the equity (shares) of LawFinance Limited; and
(5) Raising sufficient new equity capital to fund operations and support the implementation of strategic growth plans.

Each of these 5 key components of the RP are in advanced stages of planning, negotiation, and implementation with the 
support  of  the  Group’s  financial  and  legal  advisors.  These  events  or  conditions,  along  with  uncertainty  related  to  the 
successful completion of the restructuring of liabilities and recapitalisation plans indicate that a material uncertainty exists 
which may cast significant doubt over the company's ability to continue as a going concern. Therefore, the Group may be 
unable to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business and at the amounts stated in the 
financial  report.  In  particular  we  draw  your  attention  to  notes  14  (Financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  – 
Australia) and 15 (Financial assets at amortised cost – USA) of the financial report which discloses the carrying value of 
financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  of  $16,123,000  (2019: US$22,183,000)  and  the  carrying  value  of  the 
financial  assets  at  amortised  cost  of  $53,253,000  (2019: US$73,131,000).  These  financial  assets  may  be  significantly 
impaired if the restructure of the Group is not successfully completed.

At the date of this report, the Directors of the Company are of the opinion that there are reasonable grounds to expect that 
the Group will be successful in implementing its RP and therefore able to continue as a going concern. In arriving at this 
conclusion, the Directors have assessed the likelihood of successfully implementing each of the three key components of 
the RP as well as their likely impacts on the financial position of the Group. In undertaking this assessment, the Directors’ 
have considered the status of each key process, the level of support/position of relevant stakeholders, and advice from the 
Group’s  legal  and  financial  advisors.  The  Directors  also  engaged  Wexted  Advisors  ('Wexted')  to  provide  independent 
advice  on,  upon  amongst  other  things  the  likelihood  of  the  RP  being  achieved.  Wexted  advised  the  Directors,  in  March 
2021, that in Wexted’s opinion there was a reasonable likelihood that the RP would be successfully implemented.

At this time, the Directors are of the opinion that no asset is likely to be realised for an amount less than the amount at 
which  it  is  recorded  in  the  financial  report  at  31  December  2020.  Accordingly,  no  adjustments  have  been  made  to  the 
financial  report  relating  to  the  recoverability  and  classification  of  the  asset  carrying  amounts  or  the  amounts  and 
classifications of liabilities that might be necessary should the Group not continue as a going concern.

Parent entity information
In  accordance  with  the  Corporations  Act  2001,  these  financial  statements  present  the  results  of  the  Group  only. 
Supplementary information about the parent entity is disclosed in note 35.

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Principles of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the assets and liabilities of all subsidiaries of LawFinance Limited as at 
31 December 2020 and the results of all subsidiaries for the period then ended.

Subsidiaries  are  all  those  entities  over  which  the  Group  has  control.  The  Group  controls  an  entity  when  the  Group  is 
exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns 
through its power to direct the activities of the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is 
transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases.

Intercompany  transactions,  balances  and  unrealised  gains  on  transactions  between  entities  in  the  Group  are  eliminated. 
Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of the impairment of the asset transferred. 
Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted 
by the Group.

The acquisition of subsidiaries is accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. A change in ownership interest, 
without  the  loss  of  control,  is  accounted  for  as  an  equity  transaction,  where  the  difference  between  the  consideration 
transferred  and  the  book  value  of  the  share  of  the  non-controlling  interest  acquired  is  recognised  directly  in  equity 
attributable to the parent.

Non-controlling interest in the results and equity of subsidiaries are shown separately in the statement of profit or loss and 
other  comprehensive  income,  statement  of  financial  position  and  statement  of  changes  in  equity  of  the  Group.  Losses 
incurred by the Group are attributed to the non-controlling interest in full, even if that results in a deficit balance.

Where  the  Group  loses  control  over  a  subsidiary,  it  derecognises  the  assets  including  goodwill,  liabilities  and  non-
controlling interest in the subsidiary together with any cumulative translation differences recognised in equity. The Group 
recognises the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any investment retained together with any gain 
or loss in profit or loss.

Operating segments
Operating  segments  are  presented  using  the  'management  approach',  where  the  information  presented  is  on  the  same 
basis as the internal reports provided to the Chief Operating Decision Makers ('CODM'). The CODM is responsible for the 
allocation of resources to operating segments and assessing their performance.

Foreign currency translation
The financial statements are presented in United States dollars, which is LawFinance Limited's presentation currency. The 
functional  currency  of  the  Group's  Australian  operations  is  Australian  dollars  and  that  of  its  United  States  operations  is 
United States dollars.

Foreign currency transactions
Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated  into  the  Group's  relevant  functional  currency  using  the  exchange  rates 
prevailing  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the  settlement  of  such 
transactions and from the translation at financial year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in 
foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss.

Foreign operations
The  assets  and  liabilities  of  foreign  operations  are  translated  into  United  States  dollars  using  the  exchange  rates  at  the 
reporting  date.  The  revenues  and  expenses  of  foreign  operations  are  translated  into  United  States  dollars  using  the 
average exchange rates, which approximate the rates at the dates of the transactions, for the period. All resulting foreign 
exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income through the foreign currency reserve in equity.

The foreign currency reserve is recognised in profit or loss when the foreign operation or net investment is disposed of.

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Revenue recognition
The Group recognises revenue as follows:

Australian disbursement funding business
In the Australian disbursement funding business, the Group enters into contracts with law firms to pay, on the law firms’ 
behalf, legal disbursements to progress their clients’ claims. These disbursements include independent expert reports and 
medico-legal reports relating to the client’s injuries.

The Group enters into a contract with the law firm to provide financing for legal disbursements in relation to their clients’ 
legal matters ('Australian disbursement receivables'). As the contract with the law firm does not involve the provision of any 
good or service to the law firm, the Group concluded that the arrangement is not a contract with a customer under AASB 
15 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers'.

Rather, as the contract is the provision of loan financing to the law firm it creates a financial asset that is within the scope of 
AASB 9 'Financial Instruments'.

Classification
The  Group  holds  Australian  disbursement  receivables  to  collect  their  contractual  cash  flows.  The  contractual  cash  flows 
that arise from the arrangement with the legal firm do not solely relate to the repayment of principal and interest, primarily 
as they do not vary with time. Accordingly, Australian disbursement receivables are classified as at fair value through profit 
or loss.

Initial recognition and measurement
Australian disbursement receivables are recognised initially at fair value.

The best evidence of fair value of a financial instrument at initial recognition is normally the transaction price (i.e. the fair 
value of the consideration given or received). The transaction price of Australian disbursement receivables is the amount of 
cash paid to fund the legal disbursement costs.

The calculated fair value of the financial asset represents the invoice amount (where the final amount to be received by the 
Australian disbursement funding is subject to change and conditional upon the outcome of decisions made by the relevant 
Court or the Insurer), adjusted for such factors as time value of money, discounts and write-offs, and credit risk. In the case 
of  a  legal  disbursement  funding  arrangement  or  medical  lien  funding  arrangement,  the  calculated  fair  value  of  the  loan 
receivable at initial recognition may differ from the transaction price.

No  active  market  exists  for  these  loans.  Any  difference  between the  calculated  fair  value  and  the  transaction price (also 
known as a day 1 margin) is deferred and the Group recognises the deferred difference as a gain or loss only to the extent 
that it arises from a change in a factor (including time) that market participants would take into account when pricing the 
asset.

Subsequent measurement
Any subsequent changes in fair value on Australian disbursement receivables is recognised in the profit or loss statement 
and  presented  as  net  gains  or  losses  on  loan  receivables  at  fair  value.  The  net  gains  or  losses  are  calculated  using 
assumptions  based  on  historical  performance,  for  31  December  2020  the  directors  have  used  the  data  for  the  last  12 
months to include any impact for the COVID-19 pandemic (the 31 December 2019 assumptions were based on actuarial 
assumptions).  These  assumptions  include  information  on  changes  to  actual  and  expected  write-offs,  discounts  and 
collections of loan receivables, as well as interest margin, taking into account the time value of money, credit risk, and the 
amortisation of any day 1 margins.

The deferred day 1 margin is recognised in the profit or loss on a systematic basis over the term of the arrangement using 
the  same  assumptions  and  methodologies.  It  is  based  on  the  profile  of  cash  collections  and  the  subsequent  weighted 
average calculation of these collections applied to the recognition of the day 1 margin.

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Derecognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily 
derecognised  (i.e.  removed  from  the  Group’s  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position)  when  the  contractual  rights  to 
receive cash flows from the loan receivables have either occurred or expired, or where there is an obligation to transfer the 
cash flows from those receivables and that transfer qualifies for derecognition. Additional impairment gains or losses can 
arise if the amount or timing of cash flows differ from the expectation set at the previous period end.

US medical lien funding business
In  this  business,  the  Group  purchases  a  lien  or  obtains  a  letter  of  protection  over  receivables  of  medical  providers  and 
hospitals associated with personal injury legal cases ('medical lien receivables').

The  Group  does  not  take  primary  responsibility  for  the  actual  medical  treatment  in  the  United  States  nor  is  it  obliged  to 
purchase any medical lien. The Group solely enters into a contract with the medical provider to take a lien over a specific 
invoice and notifies the law firm of the patient (who is the party ultimately responsible for paying the invoice) of that medical 
lien.  Considering  this  arrangement  does  not  involve  the  provision  of  any  good  or  service  to  the  law  firm,  the  Group  had 
concluded that the arrangement is not a contract with a customer under AASB 15. As the transaction involves a payment 
for a right to future cash flows arising from an existing receivable, the Group has concluded that medical lien receivables 
are financial assets in the scope of AASB 9.

Classification
The Group holds medical lien receivables to collect their contractual cash flows. The contractual cash flows that arise from 
the lien arise from payments of the original invoice’s face value and are therefore the repayment of its principal. Payments 
under  the  lien  are  required  to  be  classified  in  line  with  the  nature  of  the  underlying  payment.  Accordingly,  medical  lien 
receivables  are  classified  as  at  amortised  cost.  In  addition,  because  it  is  expected  that  less  than  the  full  amount  of  the 
invoice  will  be  received  in  settlement  the  medical  lien  receivables  are  considered  to  be  'purchased  or  originated  credit 
impaired' ('POCI').

Initial recognition and measurement
Medical lien receivables are recognised initially at fair value.

The best evidence of fair value of a financial instrument at initial recognition is normally the transaction price (i.e. the fair 
value of the consideration given or received). The transaction price of medical lien receivables is the amount of cash paid 
to the medical provider for the lien and is considered to represent fair value. The initial fair value of medical lien receivables 
acquired in the NHF acquisition has been determined through valuation techniques that are consistent in approach to those 
used for Australian disbursement receivables (but with inputs appropriate for the nature of the medical lien receivables).

Subsequent measurement
Financial assets at amortised cost are adjusted from their initial fair value by accruing interest using the effective interest 
rate method. This is the interest rate that discounts expected future cash flows arising from the asset to its fair value on 
inception.  At  initial  recognition,  POCI  assets  do  not  carry  a  separate  impairment  allowance;  instead,  lifetime  expected 
credit losses are incorporated into the calculation of the effective interest rate.

At  each  period  end,  the  future  expected  cash  flows  now  expected  to  arise  from  the  asset  are  discounted  at  the  original 
effective  interest  rate.  Any  changes  in  value  arising  from  changes  in  the  amount  or  timing  of  expected  cash  flows  are 
recognised as an impairment change (gain or loss).

Derecognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily 
derecognised  (i.e.  removed  from  the  Group’s  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position)  when  the  contractual  rights  to 
receive cash flows from the loan receivables have either occurred or expired, or where there is an obligation to transfer the 
cash flows from those receivables and that transfer qualifies for derecognition. Additional impairment gains or losses can 
arise if the amount or timing of cash flows differ from the expectation set at the previous period end.

Rent
Rent revenue is recognised on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Interest
Interest revenue is recognised as interest accrues using the effective interest method. This is a method of calculating the 
amortised cost of a financial asset and allocating the interest income over the relevant period using the effective interest 
rate, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset 
to the net carrying amount of the financial asset.

Government grants
Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be 
received  and  the  Group  will  comply  with  all  attached  conditions.  Government  grants  relating  to  costs  are  deferred  and 
recognised in profit or loss as other income over the periods necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended 
to compensate. 

Income tax
The  income  tax  expense  or  benefit  for  the  period  is  the  tax  payable  on  that  period's  taxable  income  based  on  the 
applicable income tax rate for each jurisdiction, adjusted by the changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to 
temporary differences, unused tax losses and the adjustment recognised for prior periods, where applicable.

An income tax benefit will arise for the financial year where an income tax loss is incurred and, where the permitted to do 
so, is carried-back against a qualifying prior period’s tax payable to generate a refundable tax offset.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for temporary differences at the tax rates expected to be applied when 
the  assets  are  recovered  or  liabilities  are  settled,  based  on  those  tax  rates  that  are  enacted  or  substantively  enacted, 
except for:
●

when the deferred income tax asset or liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a 
transaction that is not a business combination and that, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting 
nor taxable profits; or
when the  taxable temporary difference is associated  with  interests in subsidiaries,  associates or  joint ventures,  and 
the  timing  of  the  reversal  can  be  controlled  and  it  is  probable  that  the  temporary  difference  will  not  reverse  in  the 
foreseeable future.

●

Deferred tax assets are recognised for deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that 
future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses.

The carrying amount of recognised and unrecognised deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date. Deferred 
tax assets recognised are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that future taxable profits will be available for 
the carrying amount to be recovered. Previously unrecognised deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is 
probable that there are future taxable profits available to recover the asset.

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  only  where  there  is  a  legally  enforceable  right  to  offset  current  tax  assets 
against  current  tax  liabilities  and  deferred  tax  assets  against  deferred  tax  liabilities;  and  they  relate  to  the  same  taxable 
authority on either the same taxable entity or different taxable entities which intend to settle simultaneously.

Discontinued operations
A discontinued operation is a component of the Group that has been disposed of or is classified as held for sale and that 
represents  a  separate  major  line  of  business  or  geographical  area  of  operations,  is  part  of  a  single  co-ordinated  plan  to 
dispose of such a line of business or area of operations, or is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale. The 
results  of  discontinued  operations  are  presented  separately  on  the  face  of  the  statement  of  profit  or  loss  and  other 
comprehensive income.

Current and non-current classification
Assets and liabilities are presented in the statement of financial position based on current and non-current classification.

An  asset  is  classified  as  current  when:  it  is  either  expected  to  be  realised  or  intended  to  be  sold  or  consumed  in  the 
Group's normal operating cycle; it is held primarily for the purpose of trading; it is expected to be realised within 12 months 
after the reporting period; or the asset is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle 
a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current.

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

A liability is classified as current when: it is either expected to be settled in the Group's normal operating cycle; it is held 
primarily  for  the  purpose  of  trading;  it  is  due  to  be  settled  within  12  months  after  the  reporting  period;  or  there  is  no 
unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. All other liabilities 
are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are always classified as non-current.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly 
liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and 
which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

Financial instruments
A  financial  instrument  is  any  contract  that  gives  rise  to  a  financial  asset  of  one  entity  and  a  financial  liability  or  equity 
instrument of another entity.

Loan receivables at fair value through profit or loss – Australian disbursement funding business

Initial recognition and measurement
The Group’s financial assets at fair value through profit or loss relates to the loan receivables arising from its disbursement 
funding business. The Group’s loan receivables from this funding business are classified, at initial recognition, as financial 
assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss.  The  determination  is  made  at  initial  recognition  based  on  the  Australian 
disbursement  funding  business  model  for  managing  its  financial  instruments  and  the  non-contractual  cash  flow 
characteristics of its instruments.

The Australian disbursement funding financial asset at fair value through profit or loss is recognised initially at fair value. 
The best evidence of fair value of a financial instrument at initial recognition is normally the transaction price (i.e. the fair 
value of the consideration given or received). In the case of a legal disbursement funding arrangement, the fair value of the 
loan receivable at initial recognition may differ from the transaction price.

The fair value of the financial asset represents the invoice amount (where the final amount to be received by the Australian 
disbursement funding is subject to change and conditional upon the outcome of decisions made by the relevant Court or 
the  Insurer),  adjusted  for  such  factors  as  time  value  of  money,  discounts  and  write-offs,  and  credit  risk.  The  transaction 
price of the financial asset is the amount of cash paid to fund the legal disbursement costs.

No active market exists for these loans. The difference between the fair value and the transaction price (also known as day 
1 margin) is deferred and the Group recognises the deferred difference as a gain or loss only to the extent that it arises 
from a change in a factor (including time) that market participants would take into account when pricing the asset.

Subsequent measurement
Loan receivables for the Australian disbursement funding are carried in the statement of financial position at fair value, with 
changes in fair value presented in the statement of profit or loss as net gains or losses on loan receivables at fair value. 
The  net  gains  or  losses  are  calculated  using  assumptions  based  on  historical  performance,  for  31  December  2020  the 
directors have used the data for the last 12 months to include any impact for the COVID-19 pandemic (the 31 December 
2019  assumptions  were  based  on  actuarial  assumptions).  These  assumptions  include  information  on  changes  to  actual 
and expected write-offs, discounts and collections of loan receivables, as well as interest margin, taking into account the 
time value of money, credit risk, and the amortisation of any day 1 margins.

The deferred day 1 margin is recognised in the profit or loss on a systematic basis over the term of the arrangement using 
the  same  assumptions  and  methodologies.  It  is  based  on  the  profile  of  cash  collections  and  the  subsequent  weighted 
average calculation of these collections applied to the recognition of the day 1 margin.

Derecognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily 
derecognised (i.e., removed from the Group’s consolidated statement of financial position) when the contractual rights to 
receive cash flows from the loan receivables have either occurred or expired, or where there is an obligation to transfer the 
cash flows from those receivables and that transfer qualifies for derecognition. Additional impairment gains or losses can 
arise if the amount or timing of cash flows differ from the expectation set at the previous period end.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Loan receivables at amortised cost – US medical lien receivables funding business

Initial recognition and measurement
Medical lien receivables are recognised initially at fair value.

The best evidence of fair value of a financial instrument at initial recognition is normally the transaction price (i.e. the fair 
value of the consideration given or received). The transaction price of medical lien receivables is the amount of cash paid 
to the medical provider for the lien and is considered to represent fair value. The initial fair value of medical lien receivables 
acquired in the NHF acquisition has been determined through valuation techniques that are consistent in approach to those 
used for Australian disbursement receivables (but with inputs appropriate for the nature of the medical lien receivables).

Subsequent measurement
Financial assets at amortised cost are adjusted from their initial fair value by accruing interest using the effective interest 
rate method. This is the interest rate that discounts expected future cash flows arising from the asset to its fair value on 
inception.  At  initial  recognition,  POCI  assets  do  not  carry  a  separate  impairment  allowance;  instead,  lifetime  expected 
credit losses are incorporated into the calculation of the effective interest rate.

At  each  period  end,  the  future  expected  cash  flows  now  expected  to  arise  from  the  asset  are  discounted  at  the  original 
effective  interest  rate.  Any  changes  in  value  arising  from  changes  in  the  amount  or  timing  expected  cash  flows  are 
recognised as an impairment change (gain or loss).

Derecognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily 
derecognised (i.e., removed from the Group’s consolidated statement of financial position) when the contractual rights to 
receive cash flows from the loan receivables have either occurred or expired, or where there is an obligation to transfer the 
cash flows from those receivables and that transfer qualifies for derecognition. Additional impairment gains or losses can 
arise if the amount or timing of cash flows differ from the expectation set at the previous period end.

Non-current assets or disposal groups classified as held for sale
Non-current assets and assets of disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered 
principally through a sale transaction rather than through continued use. They are measured at the lower of their carrying 
amount and fair value less costs of disposal. For non-current assets or assets of disposal groups to be classified as held 
for sale, they must be available for immediate sale in their present condition and their sale must be highly probable.

An impairment loss is recognised for any initial or subsequent write down of the non-current assets and assets of disposal 
groups  to  fair  value  less  costs  of  disposal.  A  gain  is  recognised  for  any  subsequent  increases  in  fair  value  less  costs  of 
disposal  of  a  non-current  assets  and  assets  of  disposal  groups,  but  not  in  excess  of  any  cumulative  impairment  loss 
previously recognised.

Non-current assets are not depreciated or amortised while they are classified as held for sale. Interest and other expenses 
attributable to the liabilities of assets held for sale continue to be recognised.

Non-current assets classified as held for sale and the assets of disposal groups classified as held for sale are presented 
separately on the face of the statement of financial position, in current assets. The liabilities of disposal groups classified as 
held for sale are presented separately on the face of the statement of financial position, in current liabilities.

Joint operations
A joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the 
assets,  and  obligations  for  the  liabilities,  relating  to  the  arrangement.  Joint  control  is  the  contractually  agreed  sharing  of 
control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of the 
parties sharing control in relation to the following:

●
●
●
●
●

its assets, including its share of any assets held jointly;
its liabilities, including its share of any liabilities incurred jointly;
its revenue from the sale of its share of the output arising from the joint operation;
its share of the revenue from the sale of the output by the joint operation; and
its expenses, including its share of any expenses incurred jointly.

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

The  Group  accounts  for  the  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses  relating  to  its  interest  in  a  joint  operation  in 
accordance with the relevant Accounting Standard applicable to the particular assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses.

Investments and other financial assets
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income include equity investments which the Group intends to 
hold for the foreseeable future and has irrevocably elected to classify them as such upon initial recognition.

Trade and other receivables
Trade receivables, other than loan receivables from its disbursement funding business and medical lien funding business 
mentioned previously in the Financial instruments note, are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at 
amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any allowance for expected credit losses.

The Group has applied the simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses, which uses a lifetime expected loss 
allowance. To measure the expected credit losses, trade receivables have been grouped based on days overdue. 

Other receivables are recognised at amortised cost, less any allowance for expected credit losses.

Property, plant and equipment
Plant  and  equipment  is  stated  at  historical  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  impairment.  Historical  cost  includes 
expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.

Depreciation  is  calculated  on  a  straight-line  basis  to  write-off  the  net  cost  of  each  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment 
over their expected useful lives as follows:

Plant and equipment

3-7 years

The  residual  values,  useful  lives  and  depreciation  methods  are  reviewed,  and  adjusted  if  appropriate,  at  each  reporting 
date.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when there is no future economic benefit to the 
Group. Gains and losses between the carrying amount and the disposal proceeds are taken to profit or loss.

Right-of-use assets
A right-of-use asset is recognised at the commencement date of a lease. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which 
comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, adjusted for, as applicable, any lease payments made at or before the 
commencement date net of any lease incentives received, any initial direct costs incurred, and, except where included in 
the  cost  of  inventories,  an  estimate  of  costs  expected  to  be  incurred  for  dismantling  and  removing  the  underlying  asset, 
and restoring the site or asset.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the unexpired period of the lease or the estimated useful 
life of the asset, whichever is the shorter. Where the Group expects to obtain ownership of the leased asset at the end of 
the lease term, the depreciation is over its estimated useful life. Right-of use assets are subject to impairment or adjusted 
for any remeasurement of lease liabilities.

The  Group  has  elected  not  to  recognise  a  right-of-use  asset  and  corresponding  lease  liability  for  short-term  leases  with 
terms of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. Lease payments on these assets are expensed to profit or loss 
as incurred.

Intangible assets
Intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination, other than goodwill, are initially measured at their fair value 
at the date of the acquisition. Intangible assets acquired separately are initially recognised at cost. Indefinite life intangible 
assets  are  not  amortised  and  are  subsequently  measured  at  cost  less  any  impairment.  Finite  life  intangible  assets  are 
subsequently  measured  at  cost  less  amortisation  and  any  impairment.  The  gains  or  losses  recognised  in  profit  or  loss 
arising from the derecognition of intangible assets are measured as the difference between net disposal proceeds and the 
carrying amount of the intangible asset. The method and useful lives of finite life intangible assets are reviewed annually. 
Changes in the expected pattern of consumption or useful life are accounted for prospectively by changing the amortisation 
method or period.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Goodwill
Goodwill  arises  on  the  acquisition  of  a  business.  Goodwill  is  not  amortised.  Instead,  goodwill  is  tested  annually  for 
impairment, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it might be impaired, and is carried at 
cost  less  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Impairment  losses  on  goodwill  are  taken  to  profit  or  loss  and  are  not 
subsequently reversed.

Customer relationships
As part of the acquisition of NHF a portion of the business consideration was applied to the value of existing long-standing 
customer relationships. This value will be amortised over a 10-year period.

Website
Significant costs associated with the development of the revenue generating aspects of the website, including the capacity 
of placing orders, are deferred and amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of their expected benefit, being their 
useful life of 3 years.

Litigation contracts in progress
Litigation  contracts  in  progress  represent  future  economic  benefits  controlled  by  the  Group.  As  litigation  contracts  in 
progress  may  be  exchanged  or  sold,  the  Group  is  able  to  control  the  expected  future  economic  benefit  flowing  from  the 
litigation  contracts  in  progress.  Accordingly,  litigation  contracts  in  progress  meet  the  definition  of  intangible  assets.  The 
carrying value of litigation contracts in progress includes the capitalisation of external costs of funding the litigation, such as 
solicitors’ fees, counsels’ fees and experts’ fees, the capitalisation of certain directly attributable internal costs of managing 
the litigation, such as certain wages and other out of pocket expenses. Litigation contracts in progress are not amortised as 
the  assets  are  not  available-for-use  until  the  determination  of  a  successful  judgment  or  settlement,  at  which  point  the 
assets are realised, and revenue is recognised.

The following specific asset recognition rules have been applied to litigation contracts in progress:
Actions still outstanding: When funded litigation is outstanding and pending a determination, litigation contracts in progress 
are carried at cost. Subsequent expenditure is capitalised when it meets all of the following criteria:
●

demonstration  of  ability  of  the  Group  to  complete  the  litigation  so  that  the  asset  will  be  available-for-use  and  the 
benefits embodied in the asset will be realised;
demonstration that the asset will generate future economic benefits;
demonstration that the Group intends to complete the litigation;
demonstration of the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the litigation; and
ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the asset during the litigation contract in progress.

●
●
●
●

Successful judgments: Where the litigation has been determined in favour of the Group or a positive settlement has been 
agreed, this constitutes a derecognition of the intangible asset and accordingly a gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss 
statement. Any future costs relating to the defence of an appeal by the defendant are expensed as incurred.

Unsuccessful judgments: Where the litigation is unsuccessful at trial, this is a trigger for impairment of the intangible asset 
and the asset is written down to its recoverable amount. If the claimant, having been unsuccessful at trial appeals against 
the judgment, then future costs incurred by the Group on appeal are expensed as incurred.

Impairment of financial assets
The  Group  recognises  a  loss  allowance  for  expected  credit  losses  on  financial  assets  which  are  either  measured  at 
amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income. The measurement of the loss allowance depends upon 
the  Group's  assessment  at  the  end  of  each  reporting  period  as  to  whether  the  financial  instrument's  credit  risk  has 
increased significantly since initial recognition, based on reasonable and supportable information that is available, without 
undue cost or effort to obtain.

Where  there  has  not  been  a  significant  increase  in  exposure  to  credit  risk  since  initial  recognition,  a  12-month  expected 
credit loss allowance is estimated. This represents a portion of the asset's lifetime expected credit losses that is attributable 
to a default event that is possible within the next 12 months. Where a financial asset has become credit impaired or where 
it  is  determined  that  credit  risk  has  increased  significantly,  the  loss  allowance  is  based  on  the  asset's  lifetime  expected 
credit losses. The amount of expected credit loss recognised is measured on the basis of the probability weighted present 
value of anticipated cash shortfalls over the life of the instrument discounted at the original effective interest rate.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

For  financial  assets  mandatorily  measured  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income,  the  loss  allowance  is 
recognised in other comprehensive income with a corresponding expense through profit or loss. In all other cases, the loss 
allowance reduces the asset’s carrying value with a corresponding expense through profit or loss.

Impairment of non-financial assets
Goodwill  and  other  intangible  assets  that  have  an  indefinite  useful  life  are  not  subject  to  amortisation  and  are  tested 
annually  for  impairment,  or  more  frequently  if  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  they  might  be  impaired. 
Other  non-financial  assets  are  reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the 
carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset's carrying 
amount exceeds its recoverable amount.

Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs of disposal and value-in-use. The value-in-use is the 
present value of the estimated future cash flows relating to the asset using a pre-tax discount rate specific to the asset or 
cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. Assets that do not have independent cash flows are grouped together to 
form a cash-generating unit.

Trade and other payables
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Group prior to the end of the financial year and 
which  are  unpaid.  Due  to  their  short-term  nature  they  are  measured  at  amortised  cost  and  are  not  discounted.  The 
amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 30 days of recognition.

Borrowings
Loans and borrowings are initially recognised at the fair value of the consideration received, net of transaction costs. They 
are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The liability arising from the facility agreement entered into with Efficient Frontier Investing (see note 23) accrues interest at 
12% per annum. Additionally, following the full repayment of the loan the agreement requires that a share of any further 
proceeds from the medical lien receivables are transferred to the lenders. An estimate of the amount of future proceeds to 
be transferred to the lenders has been included in the determining the expected cash flows when measuring this liability at 
amortised cost as they are an integral part of the effective interest rate.

Convertible  bonds  are  redeemable  at  the  discretion  of  the  Group  and  are  classified  as  a  liability  in  the  statement  of 
financial position due to the operability of the convertible bond’s anti-dilution clauses. As the convertible bonds include a 
conversion feature the convertible bonds are considered to represent a liability with an equity conversion option derivative. 
The  conversion  feature  has  been  fair  valued  separately  and  on  initial  recognition  and  deducted  from  the  value  of  the 
convertible bonds. The derivative is subsequently measured at fair valued at each reporting date and any movement in fair 
value is accounted for in profit or loss. The convertible bonds liability is recorded at amortised cost and interest is accreted 
to the face value of the convertible bonds over the term of the convertible bond.

Lease liabilities
A lease liability is recognised at the commencement date of a lease. The lease liability is initially recognised at the present 
value of the lease payments to be made over the term of the lease, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease 
or,  if  that  rate  cannot  be  readily  determined,  the  Group's  incremental  borrowing  rate.  Lease  payments  comprise  of  fixed 
payments  less  any  lease  incentives  receivable,  variable  lease  payments  that  depend  on  an  index  or  a  rate,  amounts 
expected to be paid under residual value guarantees, exercise price of a purchase option when the exercise of the option 
is reasonably certain to occur, and any anticipated termination penalties. The variable lease payments that do not depend 
on an index or a rate are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Lease liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The carrying amounts are remeasured 
if  there  is  a  change  in  the  following:  future  lease  payments  arising  from  a  change  in  an  index  or  a  rate  used;  residual 
guarantee; lease term; certainty of a purchase option and termination penalties. When a lease liability is remeasured, an 
adjustment  is  made  to  the  corresponding  right-of  use  asset,  or  to  profit  or  loss  if  the  carrying  amount  of  the  right-of-use 
asset is fully written down.

Finance costs
All other finance costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits
Liabilities  for  wages  and  salaries,  including  non-monetary  benefits,  annual  leave  and  long  service  leave  expected  to  be 
settled wholly within 12 months of the reporting date are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities 
are settled.

Other long-term employee benefits
The liability for annual leave and long service leave not expected to be settled within 12 months of the reporting date are 
measured at the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to 
the reporting date. Consideration is given to expected future wage and salary levels, experience of employee departures 
and periods of service. Expected future payments are discounted using market yields at the reporting date on high quality 
corporate bonds with terms to maturity and currency that match, as closely as possible, the estimated future cash outflows.

Equity-settled share-based compensation benefits are provided to employees and directors.

Equity-settled transactions are awards of shares, or options over shares, that are provided to employees and directors in 
exchange for the rendering of services. 

The  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  are  measured  at  fair  value  on  grant  date.  Fair  value  is  independently  determined 
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model that takes into account the exercise price, the term of the option, the impact 
of dilution, the share price at grant date and expected price volatility of the underlying share, the expected dividend yield 
and the risk free interest rate for the term of the option, together with non-vesting conditions that do not determine whether 
the Group receives the services that entitle the employees to receive payment. No account is taken of any other vesting 
conditions.

The  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  are  recognised  as  an  expense  with  a  corresponding  increase  in  equity  over  the 
vesting period. The cumulative charge to profit or loss is calculated based on the grant date fair value of the award, the 
best  estimate  of  the  number  of  awards  that  are  likely  to  vest  and  the  expired  portion  of  the  vesting  period.  The  amount 
recognised in profit or loss for the period is the cumulative amount calculated at each reporting date less amounts already 
recognised in previous periods.

Market conditions are taken into consideration in determining fair value. Therefore any awards subject to market conditions 
are considered to vest irrespective of whether or not that market condition has been met, provided all other conditions are 
satisfied.

If equity-settled awards are modified, as a minimum an expense is recognised as if the modification has not been made. 
An  additional  expense  is  recognised,  over  the  remaining  vesting  period,  for  any  modification  that  increases  the  total  fair 
value of the share-based compensation benefit as at the date of modification.

If the non-vesting condition is within the control of the Group or employee, the failure to satisfy the condition is treated as a 
cancellation.  If  the  condition  is  not  within  the  control  of  the  Group  or  employee  and  is  not  satisfied  during  the  vesting 
period, any remaining expense for the award is recognised over the remaining vesting period, unless the award is forfeited.

If equity-settled awards are cancelled, they are treated as if they had vested on the date of cancellation, and any remaining 
expense is recognised immediately. If a new replacement award is substituted for the cancelled award, the cancelled and 
new award is treated as if they were a modification.

Fair value measurement
When an asset or liability, financial or non-financial, is measured at fair value for recognition or disclosure purposes, the 
fair value is based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction 
between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date;  and  assumes  that  the  transaction  will  take  place  either:  in  the 
principal market; or in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market.

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Fair  value  is  measured  using  the  assumptions  that  market  participants  would  use  when  pricing  the  asset  or  liability, 
assuming  they  act in their  economic  best  interests.  For  non-financial  assets,  the  fair  value  measurement  is  based  on  its 
highest  and  best  use.  Valuation  techniques  that  are  appropriate  in  the  circumstances  and  for  which  sufficient  data  is 
available  to  measure  fair  value,  are  used,  maximising  the  use  of  relevant  observable  inputs  and  minimising  the  use  of 
unobservable inputs.

Assets  and  liabilities  measured  at  fair  value  are  classified  into  three  levels,  using  a  fair  value  hierarchy  that  reflects  the 
significance  of  the  inputs  used  in  making  the  measurements.  Classifications  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  and 
transfers between levels are determined based on a reassessment of the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair 
value measurement.

For recurring and non-recurring fair value measurements, external valuers may be used when internal expertise is either 
not available or when the valuation is deemed to be significant. External valuers are selected based on market knowledge 
and  reputation.  Where  there  is  a  significant  change  in  fair  value  of  an  asset  or  liability  from  one  period  to  another,  an 
analysis is undertaken, which includes a verification of the major inputs applied in the latest valuation and a comparison, 
where applicable, with external sources of data.

Issued capital
Ordinary shares are classified as equity.

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, 
from the proceeds.

Business combinations
The  acquisition  method  of  accounting  is  used  to  account  for  business  combinations  regardless  of  whether  equity 
instruments or other assets are acquired.

The  consideration  transferred  is  the  sum  of  the  acquisition-date  fair  values  of  the  assets  transferred,  equity  instruments 
issued or liabilities incurred by the acquirer to former owners of the acquiree and the amount of any non-controlling interest 
in the acquiree. For each business combination, the non-controlling interest in the acquiree is measured at either fair value 
or  at  the  proportionate  share  of  the  acquiree's  identifiable  net  assets.  All  acquisition  costs  are  expensed  as  incurred  to 
profit or loss.

On the acquisition of a business, the Group assesses the financial assets acquired and liabilities assumed for appropriate 
classification  and  designation  in  accordance  with  the  contractual  terms,  economic  conditions,  the  Group's  operating  or 
accounting policies and other pertinent conditions in existence at the acquisition-date.

Where  the  business  combination  is  achieved  in  stages,  the  Group  remeasures  its  previously  held  equity  interest  in  the 
acquiree at the acquisition-date fair value and the difference between the fair value and the previous carrying amount is 
recognised in profit or loss.

Contingent  consideration  to  be  transferred  by  the  acquirer  is  recognised  at  the  acquisition-date  fair  value.  Subsequent 
changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  contingent  consideration  classified  as  an  asset  or  liability  is  recognised  in  profit  or  loss. 
Contingent  consideration  classified  as  equity  is  not  remeasured  and  its  subsequent  settlement  is  accounted  for  within 
equity.

The  difference  between  the  acquisition-date  fair  value  of  assets  acquired,  liabilities  assumed  and  any  non-controlling 
interest in the acquiree and the fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of any pre-existing investment 
in the acquiree is recognised as goodwill. If the consideration transferred and the pre-existing fair value is less than the fair 
value of the identifiable net assets acquired, being a bargain purchase to the acquirer, the difference is recognised as a 
gain directly in profit or loss by the acquirer on the acquisition-date, but only after a reassessment of the identification and 
measurement of the net assets acquired, the non-controlling interest in the acquiree, if any, the consideration transferred 
and the acquirer's previously held equity interest in the acquirer.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Business  combinations  are  initially  accounted  for  on  a  provisional  basis.  The  acquirer  retrospectively  adjusts  the 
provisional amounts recognised and also recognises additional assets or liabilities during the measurement period, based 
on  new  information  obtained  about  the  facts  and  circumstances  that  existed  at  the  acquisition-date.  The  measurement 
period ends on either the earlier of (i) 12 months from the date of the acquisition or (ii) when the acquirer receives all the 
information possible to determine fair value.

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share
Basic  earnings  per  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  the  profit  attributable  to  the  owners  of  LawFinance  Limited,  excluding 
any costs of servicing equity other than ordinary shares, by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding 
during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in ordinary shares issued during the financial year.

Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account 
the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential ordinary shares and the 
weighted  average  number  of  shares  assumed  to  have  been  issued  for  no  consideration  in  relation  to  dilutive  potential 
ordinary shares.

Goods and Services Tax ('GST') and other similar taxes
Revenues,  expenses  and  assets  are  recognised  net  of  the  amount  of  associated  GST,  unless  the  GST  incurred  is  not 
recoverable from the tax authority. In this case it is recognised as part of the cost of the acquisition of the asset or as part 
of the expense.

Receivables  and  payables  are  stated  inclusive  of  the  amount  of  GST  receivable  or  payable.  The  net  amount  of  GST 
recoverable  from,  or  payable  to,  the  tax  authority  is  included  in  other  receivables  or  other  payables  in  the  statement  of 
financial position.

Cash  flows  are  presented  on  a  gross  basis.  The  GST  components  of  cash  flows  arising  from  investing  or  financing 
activities which are recoverable from, or payable to the tax authority, are presented as operating cash flows.

Commitments and contingencies are disclosed net of the amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the tax authority.

Rounding of amounts
The  Company  is  of  a  kind  referred  to  in  Corporations  Instrument  2016/191,  issued  by  the  Australian  Securities  and 
Investments Commission, relating to 'rounding-off'. Amounts in this report have been rounded off in accordance with that 
Corporations Instrument to the nearest thousand dollars or, in certain cases, the nearest dollar.

New Accounting Standards and Interpretations not yet mandatory or early adopted
Australian  Accounting  Standards  and  Interpretations  that  have  recently  been  issued  or  amended  but  are  not  yet 
mandatory,  have  not  been  early  adopted  by  the  Group  for  the  annual  reporting  period  ended  31  December  2020.  The 
Group has not yet assessed the impact of these new or amended Accounting Standards and Interpretations.

Note 3. Critical accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions

The  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  requires  management  to  make  judgments,  estimates  and  assumptions  that 
affect the reported amounts in the financial statements. Management continually evaluates its judgments and estimates in 
relation to assets, liabilities, contingent liabilities, revenue and expenses. Management bases its judgments, estimates and 
assumptions  on  historical  experience  and  on  other  various  factors,  including  expectations  of  future  events,  management 
believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The resulting accounting judgments and estimates will seldom equal 
the  related  actual  results.  The  judgments,  estimates  and  assumptions  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  causing  a  material 
adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities (refer to the respective notes) within the next financial year are 
discussed below.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 3. Critical accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (continued)

Key judgments and estimates - Australian disbursement receivables
The key judgments applied in determining the accounting treatment for Australian disbursement receivables are:
●
●

That the contract is a financing arrangement, not the provision of goods or services; and
That cashflows arising from the contract are not solely principal and interest. This is on the ground that the quantum of 
payment does not vary with the passage of time.

Fair  value  measurement  and  carrying  value  measurement  of  loan  receivables  for  Australian  Disbursement  Funding 
business
The key estimates applied are those used to determine the fair value of the Australian disbursement receivables. The fair 
values  cannot  be  measured  based  on  quoted  prices  in  active  markets.  Instead,  their  fair  value  is  measured  using 
assumptions that are based on historical performance, for 31 December 2020 the directors have used the data for the last 
12  months  to  include  any  impact  for  the  COVID-19  pandemic  (the  31  December  2019  assumptions  were  based  on 
actuarial assumptions). These assumptions take into account discount rates, credit risk and analysis of discounts and write 
offs (a Level 3 fair value measurement). The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, 
but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgment is required in establishing fair values and the deferred day 1 margin. 
Changes in assumptions relating to these factors could affect the reported fair value and carrying value of loan receivables 
and its fair value movement through profit or loss.

The key assumptions used to determine the fair value of the loan receivables are provided in note 29.

Key judgments and estimates - medical lien receivables
The key judgment applied in determining the accounting treatment for medical lien receivables is that the cash flows arising 
from the arrangement are solely repayment of the original invoiced amount.

The key estimates involved in determining the amortised cost of the medical lien receivables are:
●

The fair value estimate applied in determining the allocation of the purchase price to acquired medical lien receivables 
for the NHF acquisition;
The  estimation  of  the  expected  amount  and  timing  of  cash  flows  arising  from  the  medical  lien  receivables  at  their 
inception; and
The  re-estimation  of  the  expected  amount  and  timing  of  cash  flows  arising  from  the  medical  lien  receivables  at  31 
December 2020 and 31 December 2019.

●

●

Key judgements and estimates - EFI Facility Agreement liability
The  key  estimates  applied  in  determining  the  amortised  cost  of  the  liability  arising  from  the  new  facility  agreement  (see 
note  23)  are  primarily  based  on  the  assumptions  underlying  the  expected  recovery  of  the  medical  lien  receivables, 
specifically:
●

The estimation of the expected amount and timing of future cash flows arising from the medical lien receivables that 
will be used to repay the principal and accrued interest under the facility; and 

● Where the estimate indicates that loan and accrued interest will be repaid in full, the estimation of the lender’s share 

of any further cash flows under the facility agreement.

Changes in the timing and magnitude of the estimated cash flows from those assessed at inception of the loan will impact 
the  income  statement.  A  reduction  in  the  amount  of  proceeds  or  those  proceeds  arising  later  than  expected  will  have  a 
negative impact. Increases in the amount of proceeds or those proceeds arising earlier than anticipated will have a positive 
impact.

The  assumptions  used  in  determining  the  amortised  cost  of  the  liability  are  the  same  as  those  that  have  been  used  to 
assess the amortised cost of the related assets.

Carrying value measurement of loan receivables for Medical Lien Receivables
Classifying loan receivables at amortised cost and the use of the credit-adjusted effective interest rate method requires the 
Group to estimate future cash flows from medical lien receivables at acquisition date and at each balance sheet date.

Estimating the timing and amount of cash flows for both the calculation of credit-adjusted effective interest rates ('CAEIRs') 
and  subsequent  re-measurement  of  the  carrying  amount  of  medical  lien  receivables  requires  significant  management 
judgment regarding key assumptions.

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 3. Critical accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (continued)

The  key  underlying  estimates  that  form  the  basis  for  amortised  cost  accounting  are  the  quantum  of  the  expected  cash 
receipt from the lien and its expected timing, as the vast majority of medical liens are settled through one-off payments.

Cash  flow  forecasts  are  generated  using  models  incorporating  a  number  of  factors  including  historical  experience  of  the 
magnitude and timing of recoveries on accounts which have similar key attributes, which is determined at an invoice level 
basis.

The  Group  uses  the  information  and  data  obtained  on  acquisition  of  the  medical  lien  to  determine  expected  cash  flow 
forecasts  and  calculate  the  CAEIRs.  The  Group  in  later  periods  adjusts  the  carrying  amount  of  the  portfolios  to  reflect 
revised estimated cash flows. Events or changes in assumptions and management’s judgment will affect the recognition of 
revenue in the period. Changes that could have a material impact on the estimate of future cash flows include the Group's 
experience  of  recoveries  from  medical  liens  in  the  relevant  jurisdiction,  the  Group's  success  in  negotiating  levels  of 
settlements and changes in the timing of payments due to State legislation and/or changing market practice.

Management  also  review  the  model  on  a  portfolio  basis  to  take  into  account  external  factors,  which  have  impacted 
historical,  or  will  impact  future,  performance  and  where  necessary  portfolios  are  calibrated  to  take  into  account  these 
known  factors.  The  assumptions  and  estimates  made  are  specific  to  the  particular  characteristics  of  each  State  based 
portfolio.

If  resolution  of  any  uncertainty  results  in  an  increase  or  decrease  in  the  carrying  value  of  loan  receivables,  this  is 
recognised in the income statement at that point in time. The estimated future cash flows are most sensitive to observed 
payment history, as well as timing of future cash flow receipt.

Share-based payment transactions
The  Group  measures  the  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  with  employees  by  reference  to  the  fair  value  of  the  equity 
instruments at the date at which they are granted. The fair value is determined by using the Black-Scholes model taking 
into  account  the  terms  and  conditions  upon  which  the  instruments  were  granted.  The  accounting  estimates  and 
assumptions relating to equity-settled share-based payments would have no impact on the carrying amounts of assets and 
liabilities within the next annual reporting period but may impact profit or loss and equity.

Allowance for expected credit losses
The  allowance  for  expected  credit  losses  assessment  requires  a  degree  of  estimation  and  judgment.  It  is  based  on  the 
lifetime  expected  credit  loss,  grouped  based  on  days  overdue,  and  makes  assumptions  to  allocate  an  overall  expected 
credit loss rate for each group. These assumptions include recent sales experience and historical collection rates.

Goodwill
The Group tests annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate impairment, whether goodwill 
has suffered any impairment, in accordance with the accounting policy stated in note 2. The recoverable amounts of cash-
generating  units  have  been  determined  based  on  value-in-use  calculations.  These  calculations  require  the  use  of 
assumptions,  including  estimated  discount  rates  based  on  the  current  cost  of  capital  and  growth  rates  of  the  estimated 
future cash flows.

Impairment of non-financial assets other than goodwill
The Group assesses impairment of non-financial assets other than goodwill at each reporting date by evaluating conditions 
specific  to  the  Group  and  to  the  particular  asset  that  may  lead  to  impairment.  This  includes  an  assessment  of  each 
individual litigation contract in progress as to whether the underlying litigation is likely to be successful, the cost and timing 
of future expected cash flows to completion and the ability of the defendant(s) to pay upon a successful completion. If an 
impairment trigger exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is determined. This involves fair value less costs of disposal 
or value-in-use calculations, which incorporate a number of key estimates and assumptions.

Provision for adverse costs
In  the  event  that  litigation  funded  by  the  Group  is  unsuccessful,  the  Group  raises  a  provision  which  is  based  upon  the 
Group’s best estimate of the amount of the adverse costs it will have to remit following consultation with external advisors 
and taking into account any adverse costs order insurance in respect of the liability.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 3. Critical accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (continued)

Income tax
The  Group  is  subject  to  income  taxes  in  the  jurisdictions  in  which  it  operates.  Significant  judgment  is  required  in 
determining  the  provision  for  income  tax.  There  are  many  transactions  and  calculations  undertaken  during  the  ordinary 
course of business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Group recognises liabilities for anticipated tax 
audit issues based on the Group's current understanding of the tax law. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is 
different  from  the  carrying  amounts,  such  differences  will  impact  the  current  and  deferred  tax  provisions  in  the  period  in 
which such determination is made.

Recovery of deferred tax assets
Deferred  tax  assets  are  recognised  for  deductible  temporary  differences  only  if  the  Group  considers  it  is  probable  that 
future  taxable  amounts  will  be  available  to  utilise  those  temporary  differences  and  losses.  Refer  to  note  10  for  further 
details.

Valuation of contingent proceeds
For the purposes of financial reporting, the Directors have made an internal management assessment that the value of the 
conditional component of the sales proceeds of the Litigation Funding business has a nil value – refer to note 11.

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 4. Restatement of comparatives

Prior period restatement
Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

Extract

Revenue
Other revenue

Other income

Expenses
Impairment gain on financial liabilities
Impairment of assets
Administration and other expenses
Finance costs

31 Dec 2019
US$'000
Reported

Consolidated

US$'000
Adjustment
   (ii) & (iii)

31 Dec 2019
US$'000
Restated

661

582

(400)

(579)

261

3

20,828
(458)
(3,210)
(17,249)

(20,828)
458
101
(1,165)

-
-
(3,109)
(18,414)

(Loss) before income tax benefit from continuing operations

(5,911)

(22,413)

(28,324)

Income tax benefit

2,811

2,434

5,245

(Loss) after income tax benefit from continuing operations

(3,100)

(19,979)

(23,079)

(Loss) after income tax expense from discontinued operations

-

(177)

(177)

(Loss) after income tax (expense)/benefit for the year

(3,100)

(20,156)

(23,256)

Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation

Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax

875

875

(95)

(95)

780

780

Total comprehensive loss for the year

(2,225)

(20,251)

(22,476)

(Loss) for the year is attributable to:
Non-controlling interest
Owners of LawFinance Limited

Total comprehensive loss for the year is attributable to:
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Non-controlling interest

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Owners of LawFinance Limited

(494)
(2,606)

-
(20,156)

(494)
(22,762)

(3,100)

(20,156)

(23,256)

(494)
-
(494)

(1,731)
-
(1,731)

-
-
-

(20,074)
(177)
(20,251)

(494)
-
(494)

(21,805)
(177)
(21,982)

(2,225)

(20,251)

(22,476)

45

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 4. Restatement of comparatives (continued)

Earnings per share for loss from continuing operations attributable to 
the owners of LawFinance Limited
Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

Earnings per share for loss from discontinued operations attributable to 
the owners of LawFinance Limited
Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

Earnings per share for loss attributable to the owners of LawFinance 
Limited
Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

Cents
Reported

Cents
Adjustment
    (ii) & (iii)

Cents
Restated

-
-

-
-

(4.77)
(4.77)

(4.77)
(4.77)

(0.04)
(0.04)

(0.04)
(0.04)

(0.54)
(0.54)

(4.16)
(4.16)

(4.70)
(4.70)

(i)

The reclassification of the Atalaya Capital Management borrowings from non-current to current for the year ended 31 
December 2019. The Company had received a conditional waiver subject to one final condition outstanding that was 
fulfilled shortly after year end and as such considered a current liability for the year ended 31 December 2019. There 
is no impact to the comparative statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2019.

(ii) The  write  down  of  the  Vendor  loan  -  NHF  Founders  and  NHF  Founder  Promissory  Notes  totalling  US$22,612,000 
were  subject  to  shareholder  approval,  which  was  obtained  at  the  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  held  on  10  March 
2020.  At  the  time  of  the  signing  of  the  31  December  2019  financial  statements  on  31  March  2020,  the  Board  were 
satisfied  that  all  the  conditions  concerning  the  write  down  were  met  and  therefore  that  the  write  downs  should  be 
included in 31 December 2019 results as an adjusting event.
The  directors  have  subsequently  sought  third  party  advice  on  this  classification  and  the  procedures  undertaken  to 
form this view. In particular, the Board considered whether the liabilities could be assessed as being extinguished as
at 31 December 2019 and whether the subsequent shareholder vote was confirmation of circumstances that existed 
at balance date or a new circumstance occurring in the 2020 financial year.
As a result of this advice, the Board concluded that, as shareholder approval was obtained after 31 December 2019, 
the write down of these liabilities was incorrectly recorded at 31 December 2019. Accordingly, the restatement has de-
recognised the write down in the statement of financial position for the year ended 31 December 2019. These loans 
have now been fully impaired (or written-off) in the year ended 31 December 2020. The reported impairment gain on 
financial liabilities of 20,828,000 was reversed at 31 December 2019 and subsequently disclosed in the current year. 
There was also an interest expense adjustment in relation to these Vendor loans and Founder Promissory Notes of 
1,167,000,  where  the  interest  that  had  been  written  back  at  31  December  2019  was  reversed,  and  subsequently 
written back in the current year. Refer to the table above for the impact on total comprehensive loss.

(iii) Discontinued operations - On 29 January 2021, as announced to the market, the Company entered into a definitive 
conditional  agreement  to  sell  JustKapital  Litigation  Pty  Ltd  (and  its  subsidiaries)  for  A$1,  plus  conditional  proceeds 
equal to:

● 50% of the net proceeds received from one of the funded cases; and
● 50% of any excess proceeds after repayment of the secured debt.

For  the  purposes  of  financial  reporting,  management  has  assumed  the  value  of  the  conditional  component  of  the 
sales  proceeds  to  have  $nil  value.  Management  is  in  the  process  of  satisfying  conditions  precedent  under  the  sale 
agreement  including  holding  an  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  for  shareholders  to  approve  the  transaction.  Grant 
Thornton have prepared an Independent Expert’s Report ('IER') which had concluded the transaction to be fair and 
reasonable. This IER is currently being updated based on recent positive developments, as announced to the market 
on 24 March 2021. The terms of the agreement are being reconsidered in parallel with Grant Thornton’s work. The 
Extraordinary  General  Meeting  to  obtain  shareholder  approval  for  the  transaction  has  been  postponed  until  further 
notice.
Given that the Company has previously indicated that the Litigation Funding business was in run-off (since late 2017), 
it has been deemed appropriate for the prior year profit or loss amounts to be restated as discontinued operations.

46

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 4. Restatement of comparatives (continued)

The impact on each line item of the statement of financial position as at 31 December 2019 is as follows:

Consolidated

Assets
Non-current assets:
Deferred tax

Total non-current assets

Total assets

Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Borrowings

Total current liabilities

Non-current liabilities:
Borrowings

31 Dec 2019
US$'000
Reported

US$'000
Adjustment
(i)

US$'000
Adjustment
(ii)

31 Dec 2019
US$'000
Restated

10,340

127,475

164,567

-

-

-

2,239

12,579

2,239

129,714

2,239

166,806

66,894

41,603

8,878

117,375

76,798

41,603

8,878

127,279

68,064

(41,603)

13,612

40,073

Total non-current liabilities

70,030

(41,603)

13,612

42,039

Total liabilities

146,828

-

22,490

169,318

Consolidated

Net assets/(liabilities) and equity
Net assets/(liabilities)

Equity:
Reserves

Accumulated losses

Total equity/(deficit)

Note 5. Operating segments

31 Dec 2019
US$'000
Reported

US$'000
Adjustment
(i)

US$'000
Adjustment
(ii)

31 Dec 2019
US$'000
Restated

17,739

6,873

(28,930)

17,739

-

-

-

-

(20,251)

(2,512)

(95)

6,778

(20,156)

(49,086)

(20,251)

(2,512)

Identification of reportable operating segments
The  Group  is  organised  into  three  operating  segments:  (i)  JustKapital  Finance,  comprising  the  Australian  disbursement 
funding  business  and  short-term  funding,  (ii)  National  Health  Finance,  comprising  the  US  medical  lien  funding  business 
and (iii) all other operations including litigation funding (discontinued operations) and head office costs.

These operating segments are based on the internal reports that are reviewed and used by the Board (who are identified 
as  the  Chief  Operating  Decision  Makers  ('CODM'))  in  assessing  performance  and  in  determining  the  allocation  of 
resources.

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 5. Operating segments (continued)

Operating segment information

Consolidated - 31 Dec 2020

Revenue
Net (loss)/income from disbursement funding/medical lien 
funding
Other revenue

Other income
Total revenue

Segment result
Depreciation and amortisation
Finance costs
(Loss)/profit before income tax expense
Income tax expense
(Loss) after income tax expense

Assets
Segment assets
Total assets

Liabilities
Segment liabilities
Total liabilities

Consolidated - 31 Dec 2019

Revenue
Net income/(loss) from disbursement funding/medical lien 
funding
Other revenue

Other income
Total revenue

Segment result
Depreciation and amortisation
Finance costs
(Loss) before income tax benefit
Income tax benefit
(Loss) after income tax benefit

Assets
Segment assets
Total assets

Liabilities
Segment liabilities
Total liabilities

JustKapital
Finance
US$'000

National 
Health
Finance
US$'000

Other
US$'000

Total
US$'000

(133)
22
(111)
-
(111)

(5,593)
(196)
(1,840)
(7,629)

(9,311)
118
(9,193)
-
(9,193)

(50,507)
(467)
(8,463)
(59,437)

-
1,918
1,918
2
1,920

12,334
(921)
(8,883)
2,530

16,516

56,473

13,510

17,849

56,575

59,634

(9,444)
2,058
(7,386)
2
(7,384)

(43,766)
(1,584)
(19,186)
(64,536)
(13,600)
(78,136)

86,499
86,499

134,058
134,058

JustKapital
Finance
US$'000

National 
Health
Finance
US$'000

Other
US$'000

Total
US$'000

3,252
30
3,282
-
3,282

2,127
(129)
(2,135)
(137)

(4,177)
181
(3,996)
-
(3,996)

(9,404)
(456)
(8,867)
(18,727)

-
50
50
587
637

(2,022)
(6)
(7,413)
(9,441)

27,039

121,661

18,106

22,546

81,767

65,005

(925)
261
(664)
587
(77)

(9,299)
(591)
(18,415)
(28,305)
5,049
(23,256)

166,806
166,806

169,318
169,318

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 5. Operating segments (continued)

Segment information for the comparative period has been restated. Refer to note 4.

Segment assets
Where  an  asset  is  used  across  multiple  segments,  the  asset  is  allocated  to  the  segment  that  receives  the  majority  of 
economic  value  from  the  asset.  In  the  majority  of  instances,  segment  assets  are  clearly  identifiable  on  the  basis  of  their 
nature and physical location.

Segment liabilities
Liabilities are allocated to segments where there is a direct nexus between the incurrence of the liability and the operations 
of the segment. Accordingly, all liabilities are allocated based on the operations of the segment.

Geographical information

Australia
United States

Revenue from external 
customers

Geographical non-current 
assets

31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019 31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

US$'000

US$'000

1,807
(9,193)

(7,386)

3,332
(3,996)

232
943

12,077
39,235

(664)

1,175

51,312

The geographical non-current assets above are exclusive of, where applicable, financial instruments, deferred tax assets, 
post-employment benefits assets and rights under insurance contracts.

Note 6. Net loss from disbursement funding/medical lien funding

Disbursement funding - Australia:
Fair value (loss)/gain on financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Medical lien funding - USA:
Interest income at amortised cost
Net impairment losses on financial assets at amortised cost
Net settlement gains on financial assets at amortised cost

Consolidated Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(133)
(133)

3,252
3,252

8,550
(18,275)
414
(9,311)

2,687
(8,402)
1,538
(4,177)

(9,444)

(925)

Due  to  the  portfolio  calculation  approach  used  for  the  medical  lien  funding  receivables  acquired  as  part  of  the  business 
combination  with  LawFinance  Limited,  it  was  not  possible  to  accurately  separate  impairment  gains/losses  arising  on 
settlement of those receivables as at 31 December 2019. This portfolio calculation was enhanced to report the appropriate 
disclosure as at 31 December 2020.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 7. Other revenue

Interest received – short-term lending
Brokerage commission received – insurance
Rebates received - medical lien funding
Rental income
Government grants
Administration fees
Non-case related settlements - NHF
Interest adjustment - vendor loan

Other revenue

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

22 
-  
-  
64 
263 
-  
44 
1,523 

1,916 

30 
14 
11 
144 
-  
2 
60 
-  

261 

Government grants
During  the  year  the  Group  received  payments  from  the  Australian  Government  amounting  to  $253,000  as  part  of  its 
‘Boosting  Cash  Flow  for  Employers’  scheme  in  response  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  $10,000  from  the  City  of 
Chandler, Phoenix, Arizona USA in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. These non-tax amounts have been recognised 
as  government  grants  and  recognised  as  other  revenue  once  there  is  reasonable  assurance  that  the  Group  will  comply 
with  any  conditions  attached.  The  Group  received  one  final  payment  from  the  Australian  Government  in  January  2021 
which will be included as other revenue next year. No further payments were received in the USA.

Interest adjustment – vendor loan
As a result of the write-off of the vendor loan the Group reversed the interest that had previously been capitalised to this 
vendor loan during the period.

Note 8. Other income

Interest income

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

2 

3 

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 9. Expenses

(Loss) before income tax from continuing operations includes the following specific 
expenses:

Impairment gain on financial liabilities*
Adjustment – vendor loan
Adjustment – promissory notes payable

Employee benefits expense
Defined contribution superannuation expense
Employee benefits expense excluding superannuation

Depreciation and amortisation expense
Depreciation - property, plant and equipment
Depreciation - right-of-use assets
Amortisation - other intangibles

Impairment of assets
Goodwill
Customer relationships
Impairment of short-term loans

Administration and other expenses 
ASIC, ASX and share registry fees
Insurance
Legal and professional fees**
Rent and office costs
Travel and accommodation
Short-term lease payments
Low-value assets lease payments
Other

Finance costs
Interest expense and line fees
Interest - right-of-use assets

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(10,602)
(9,000)

(19,602)

154 
4,797 

4,951 

77 
394 
195 

666 

40,906 
1,481 
479 

42,866 

41 
191 
3,091 
23 
99 
15 
57 
355 

3,872 

-  
-  

-  

72 
5,688 

5,760 

117 
232 
242 

591 

-  
-  
-  

-  

90 
107 
1,781 
298 
204 
55 
44 
530 

3,109 

16,740 
91 

18,348 
66 

16,831 

18,414 

*

**

As a result of the write-off of the vendor loan the Group reversed the interest that had previously been capitalised to 
this vendor loan during the period.
This  amount  includes  legal  and  professional  fees  of  $1,454,000  (2019:  $nil)  associated  with  the  Efficient  Frontier 
Investing  refinance  and  in  addressing  defaults  under  the  Syndicated  acquisition  facility  and  the  ongoing  process  to 
restructure it.

51

 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 10. Income tax

Income tax expense/(benefit) is attributable to:
(Loss) from continuing operations
(Loss)/profit from discontinued operations

Aggregate income tax expense/(benefit)

Numerical reconciliation of income tax expense/(benefit) and tax at the statutory rate
(Loss) before income tax (expense)/benefit from continuing operations
(Loss)/profit before income tax expense from discontinued operations

Tax at the statutory tax rate of 27.5%

Tax effect amounts which are not deductible/(taxable) in calculating taxable income:

Expenses not deductible
Income not assessable
Bad debts

Difference in overseas tax rates
Exchange differences
Adjustment for derecognition of deferred tax asset

Income tax expense/(benefit)

Non-current assets
Deferred tax asset

Attributable to:
- USA
- Australia

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

13,542 
58 

(5,245)
196 

13,600 

(5,049)

(57,154)
(7,382)

(28,324)
19 

(64,536)

(28,305)

(17,747)

(7,784)

4,367 
(14,714)
-  

(28,094)
16,364 
12,751 
12,579 

841 
-  
49 

(6,894)
1,033 
812 
-  

13,600 

(5,049)

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

-

-
-

-

12,579

7,044
5,535

12,579

The Group assessed the recoverable amount of the deferred tax asset based on future expected profits over the next three 
years,  taking  into  account  the  challenging  trading  conditions  caused  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  As  a  result  of  this 
assessment, the deferred tax asset attributable to USA and Australia have been derecognised.

Despite the derecognition of the Deferred Tax Assets, the Group will seek to utilise its carried forward tax losses in future 
years.  In  Australia,  these  tax  losses  will  be  utilised  subject  to  satisfying  either  the  ‘Continuity  of  Ownership’  test  or 
‘Continuity of Business’ test. The Group monitors this situation regularly and currently satisfies at least one of these tests.

Currently  the  Group  has  $23,876,000  (A$$31,093,000)  of  income  tax  losses  to  utilise  in  Australia  and  $54,976,000  of 
income tax losses to utilise in the USA.

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 10. Income tax (continued)

Deferred tax asset
Deferred tax asset comprises temporary differences attributable to:

Tax losses
Other temporary differences
Loans and other receivables
Set off deferred tax liability

Deferred tax asset

Deferred tax liability
Deferred tax liability comprises temporary differences attributable to:

Property, plant and equipment
Prepayments
Work in progress
Other temporary differences
Set off deferred tax asset

Deferred tax liability

Note 11. Discontinued operations

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

-  
-  
-  
-  

-  

7,957 
2,519 
4,809 
(2,706)

12,579 

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

-  
-  
-  
-  
-  

-  

111 
1 
1,688 
906 
(2,706)

-  

Description
On  29  January  2021,  as  announced  to  the  market,  the  Company  entered  into  a  definitive  conditional  agreement  to  sell 
JustKapital Litigation Pty Ltd (and its subsidiaries) for A$1, plus conditional proceeds equal to:

●
●

50% of the net proceeds received from one of the funded cases; and
50% of any excess proceeds after repayment of the secured debt.

For  the  purposes  of  financial  reporting,  management  has  assumed  the  value  of  the  conditional  component  of  the  sales 
proceeds  to  have  nil  value.  Management  is  in  the  process  of  satisfying  conditions  precedent  under  the  sale  agreement 
including  holding  an  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  for  shareholders  to  approve  the  transaction.  Grant  Thornton  have 
prepared an Independent Expert’s Report (‘IER’) which had concluded the transaction to be fair and reasonable. This IER 
is  currently being  updated  based  on  recent positive developments,  as announced  to the  market on 24  March 2021. The 
terms of the agreement are being reconsidered in parallel with Grant Thornton’s work. The Extraordinary General Meeting 
to obtain shareholder approval for the transaction has been postponed until further notice.

Given that the Company has previously indicated that the Litigation Funding business was in run-off (since late 2017), it 
has been deemed appropriate to reclassify this business as discontinued operations.

Provisions to the carrying value of litigation funding assets have been made to reflect the terms of the sale agreement with 
Legal Equity partners Pty Limited.

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 11. Discontinued operations (continued)

Financial performance information

Litigation contracts in progress – settlements and judgments
Litigation contracts in progress – expenses
Total revenue

Depreciation and amortisation
Impairment of assets (note 21)
Administration and other expenses
Finance costs*
Total expenses

(Loss)/profit before income tax expense
Income tax expense

(Loss) after income tax expense from discontinued operations

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

1,892 
(1,750)
142 

(918)
(4,174)
(77)
(2,355)
(7,524)

(7,382)
(58)

(7,440)

636 
(57)
579 

-  
(458)
(101)
(1)
(560)

19 
(196)

(177)

*

A Minimum Return of $2,304,000 (A$3,000,000) under the Loan Facility with Principis Master Fund SPC, which is due 
for payment by 17 July 2021, has been expensed in the current year.

Cash flow information

Net cash (outflow) from operating activities
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities
Net cash (outflow) from financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents from discontinued operations

Carrying amounts of assets and liabilities classified as held for sale

Cash and cash equivalents (note 13)
Prepayments
Litigation contracts in progress - capitalised external costs* (note 21)
Investment held in joint operation
Total assets

Trade and other payables
Accruals
Borrowings
Total liabilities

Net assets

*

Net of provision for case impairment of $4,174,000

54

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(77)
1,633 
(54)

1,502 

(101)
(167)
(1)

(269)

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020
US$'000

451 
38 
8,070 
1,689 
10,248 

2,316 
215 
7,717 
10,248 

-  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 12. Earnings per share

Earnings per share for loss from continuing operations
(Loss) after income tax attributable to the owners of LawFinance Limited

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(70,696)

(23,079)

Number

Number

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating basic earnings per share

904,189,005

483,849,508

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating diluted earnings per share

904,189,005

483,849,508

Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

Earnings per share for loss from discontinued operations
(Loss) after income tax attributable to the owners of LawFinance Limited

Cents

Cents

(7.82)
(7.82)

(4.77)
(4.77)

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(7,440)

(177)

Number

Number

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating basic earnings per share

904,189,005

483,849,508

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating diluted earnings per share

904,189,005

483,849,508

Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

Earnings per share for loss
(Loss) after income tax
Non-controlling interest

Cents

Cents

(0.82)
(0.82)

(0.04)
(0.04)

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(78,136)
(338)

(23,256)
494 

(Loss) after income tax attributable to the owners of LawFinance Limited

(78,474)

(22,762)

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating basic earnings per share

904,189,005

483,849,508

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating diluted earnings per share

904,189,005

483,849,508

Number

Number

Basic loss per share
Diluted loss per share

55

Cents

Cents

(8.68)
(8.68)

(4.70)
(4.70)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 12. Earnings per share (continued)

The  Company  excluded  71,500,000  options  on  issue  (2019:  nil),  14,000  convertible  bonds  (2019:  50,000),  452,743,636 
warrants (2019: 452,743,636) and 223,414,026 shares attached to the Capitalising converting notes (note 25) (2019: nil) 
from the diluted earnings calculations as they are anti-dilutive for the financial period.

Note 13. Cash and cash equivalents

Current assets
Cash at bank*

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

4,900 

5,777 

Reconciliation to cash and cash equivalents at the end of the financial year
The above figures are reconciled to cash and cash equivalents at the end of the financial 
year as shown in the statement of cash flows as follows:

Balances as above
Cash and cash equivalents - classified as held for sale 

Balance as per statement of cash flows

4,900 
451 

5,351 

5,777 
-  

5,777 

*

Of  the  total  cash  at  bank,  $1,585,000  (2019:  $2,287,000)  was  considered  unavailable  for  operations  as  it  was  held 
pending distribution to asset-backed lenders.

Short-term cash deposits are used as bank guarantee security. Refer to note 32.

Note 14. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss - Australia

Current assets
Loan receivables - disbursement funding - Australia (gross)
Fair value movement
Unrecognised day 1 margin
Allowance for expected credit losses

Non-current assets
Loan receivables - disbursement funding - Australia (gross)
Fair value movement
Unrecognised day 1 margin

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

13,597 
(2,827)
(532)
(3,044)

16,877 
(3,198)
(719)
(700)

7,194 

12,260 

12,980 
(2,700)
(1,351)

14,733 
(2,791)
(2,019)

8,929 

9,923 

16,123 

22,183 

Loan receivables are dependent upon a decision in the related matter by the Court or the insurance company if a case is 
settled.  The  loan  receivables  (gross)  disclosed  above  include  US$5,104,000  (2019:  US$  nil)  which  are  past  due  but  not 
impaired. The Company believes the amounts are fully recoverable.

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 15. Financial assets at amortised cost - USA

Current assets
Loan receivables - medical lien funding - USA (gross)
Allowance for expected credit losses

Non-current assets
Loan receivables - medical lien funding - USA (gross)
Allowance for expected credit losses

Consolidated Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

Restated
US$'000

48,161
(32,922)
15,239

46,043
(28,807)
17,236

120,132
(82,118)
38,014

149,310
(93,415)
55,895

53,253

73,131

Medical lien funding receivables are considered purchased credit impaired assets under accounting standards. They are 
initially recognised with an allowance for expected credit losses reflecting estimated lifetime credit losses. This reflects an 
estimate of both the probability that a settlement will not recover the entire face value of the underlying receivable and the 
probability that no settlement is obtained and is based on historical loss rates.

Note 16. Other loans and receivables

Current assets
Other trade receivables
Short-term loans

Other receivables

Non-current assets
Other receivables

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

48 
128 
176 

501 

677 

5 

682 

70 
283 
353 

1,301 

1,654 

5 

1,659 

Other receivables (current) as at 31 December 2020 are the Mesh receivables. The associated Mesh liabilities of $717,000 
are included in note 22 'Trade and other payables'.

Other  receivables  at  31  December  2019  include  amounts  due  to  the  Group  from  its  joint  venture  partner  for  its  share  of 
investments made in co-funded cases. No such amounts are owing to the Group at 31 December 2020, and the cases are 
now included in assets held for sale (note 11).

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 17. Investment held in joint operations

Non-current assets
Investment held in joint operation

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

-  

1,157 

The  Group  has  a  material  joint  operation  with  Longford  Capital  Management  LP  ('Longford  Capital')  where  the  Group 
coinvests with Longford Capital in one case in the United States on a 50:50 basis. The Group is entitled to its proportionate 
share  of  the  litigation  contracts  in  progress  income  received  and  bears  a  proportionate  share  of  the  joint  operation’s 
investment in the case. This joint operation now forms part of the discontinued operations as shown in note 11.

Note 18. Property, plant and equipment

Non-current assets
Plant and equipment - at cost
Less: Accumulated depreciation

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

459 
(368)

91 

433 
(265)

168 

Reconciliations
Reconciliations of the written down values at the beginning and end of the current and previous financial year are set out 
below:

Consolidated

Balance at 1 January 2019
Additions
Exchange differences
Depreciation expense

Balance at 31 December 2019
Additions
Exchange differences
Depreciation expense

Balance at 31 December 2020

Note 19. Right-of-use assets

Non-current assets
Land and buildings - right-of-use
Less: Accumulated depreciation

Additions to the right-of-use assets during the period were US$nil.

58

Plant and 
equipment
US$'000

198
90
(3)
(117)

168
13
(13)
(77)

91

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

1,780 
(706)

1,074 

1,755 
(312)

1,443 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 19. Right-of-use assets (continued)

The  Group  leases  land  and  buildings  for  its  offices  under  agreements  of  between  two  and  seven  years,  with,  in  some 
cases, options to extend.

For other AASB 16 lease related disclosures refer to the following:
●
●
●
●

Refer note 9 for details of interest on lease liabilities and other lease payments;
Refer note 28 for undiscounted future lease commitments;
Refer consolidated statement of financial position for lease liabilities at the end of the reporting period; and
Refer consolidated statement of cash flows for repayment of lease liabilities.

Note 20. Goodwill

Non-current assets
Goodwill - Australian disbursement funding business
Goodwill - US medical lien funding business

Movements in Goodwill during the current financial year are set out below:

Balance at 1 January 2020
Foreign currency translation
Impairment

Balance as at 31 December 2020

Goodwill - Australian disbursement funding business

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

-  
-  

-  

4,159 
36,345 

40,504 

Australian
disburse-
ment
funding 
business
US$'000

US medical
lien funding 
business
US$'000

Total
US$'000

4,159
402
(4,561)

36,345
-
(36,345)

40,504
402
(40,906)

-

-

-

As at 31 December 2020, the AssetSecure Pty Ltd loan was in default and overdrawn. JustKapital Financing Pty Ltd ('JKF') 
had  no  ability  to  originate  new  business  at  that  point  in  time  and  significant  uncertainty  existed  relating  to  continued 
operations.  As  mentioned  in  note  39,  AssetSecure  agreed  in  February  2021  to  vary  facility  terms  which  will  allow  for 
originations/funding  to  recommence  albeit  on  a  restricted  basis.  Given  the  constrained  funding  facilities  and  uncertain 
impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on future cashflows, a decision was taken to fully impair the Goodwill associated with 
the acquisition of the JKF Business of $4,561,000.

Goodwill – US medical lien funding business

Due to the terms of the refinancing of the underperforming back book announced to the market on 7 December 2020 (the 
back book of claims was the main asset of the NHF business acquired in 2018), constrained funding facilities and uncertain 
impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on future cashflows, a decision was taken to fully impair the Goodwill associated with 
the acquisition of the NHF Business of $36,345,000.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 21. Other intangibles

Non-current assets
Website - at cost
Less: Accumulated amortisation

Customer relationships – US medical lien funding business
Less: Accumulated amortisation and impairment

Litigation contracts in progress - capitalised external costs
Litigation contracts in progress - capitalised internal costs

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

25 
(15)
10 

1,913 
(1,913)
-  

-  
-  
-  

10 

17 
(13)
4 

1,913 
(239)
1,674 

5,594 
768 
6,362 

8,040 

Reconciliations
Reconciliations of the written down values at the beginning and end of the current and previous financial year are set out 
below:

Consolidated

Balance at 1 January 2019
Additions
Exchange differences
Amortisation expense

Balance at 31 December 2019
Additions
Classified as held for sale (note 11)
Disposals
Case funding adjustments
Impairment
Exchange differences
Amortisation expense

Balance at 31 December 2020

Website
US$'000

Customer
relationships
US$'000

Litigation 
contracts in 
progress
US$'000

Total
US$'000

7
-
-
(3)

4
8
-
-
-
-
-
(2)

10

1,913
-
-
(239)

1,674
-
-
-
-
(1,481)
-
(193)

6,864
(448)
(54)
-

6,362
3,042
(8,070)
(870)
4,295
(4,174)
333
(918)

8,784
(448)
(54)
(242)

8,040
3,050
(8,070)
(870)
4,295
(5,655)
333
(1,113)

-

-

10

Due to the terms of the refinancing of the underperforming back book announced to the market on 7 December 2020 (the 
back book of claims was the main asset of the NHF business acquired in 2018), constrained funding facilities and uncertain 
impacts  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  on  future  cashflows,  a  decision  was  taken  to  fully  impair  the  customer  relationships 
associated with the acquisition of the NHF Business of $1,481,000.

Litigation contracts in progress – these costs form part of the discontinued operations as set out in note 11.

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 22. Trade and other payables

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Accruals
Goods and services tax payable

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

5,031 
1,673 
85 

6,789 

6,603 
2,650 
69 

9,322 

Trade and other payables are paid within the agreed credit terms.

Refer to note 28 for further information on financial instruments.

The above Trade and other payables as at 31 December 2020 includes Mesh liabilities of $717,000 – see note 16 'Other 
loans and receivables'.

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 23. Borrowings

Current liabilities
Assetsecure Pty Limited loan (i)
Efficient Frontier Investing (ii)
Vendor loan - Australian disbursement funding business (iii)
Convertible bonds payable (iv)
Lucerne Group combined loan (v)
Lucerne Group facility - US medical lien funding business (vi)
Paradise Diversified Holdings Limited Partnership (vii)
Other NHF subordinated debt (viii)
Other NHF subordinated debt (ix)
Other NHF subordinated debt (x)
Insurance financing - Australia
Syndicated acquisition facility ('SAF') (xi)
SAF Side Loan 1 (xii)
SAF Side Loan 2 (xiii)
Paycheck Protection Program loan (xiv)
NHF Founder Promissory Notes (xv)
Atalaya Capital Management (xvi)
Economic Injury Disaster Relief loan (xvii)
Insurance financing - USA
Credit cards

Non-current liabilities
Assetsecure Pty Limited loan (i)
Lucerne Group facility - US medical lien funding business (vi)
Other NHF subordinated debt (x)
Economic Injury Disaster Relief loan (xvii)
Paycheck Protection Program loan (xiv)
Vendor loan - NHF Founders (xviii)

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

17,017 
25,266 
-  
1,233 
3,684 
415 
-  
1,410 
1,000 
4,750 
27 
36,716 
2,130 
2,496 
335 
-  
17,012 
4 
-  
19 

-  
-  
315 
3,500 
11,642 
8,858 
4,163 
1,180 
1,000 
3,000 
33 
29,396 
1,252 
2,275 
-  
9,000 
41,603 
-  
55 
103 

113,514 

117,375 

-  
-  
-  
146 
270 
-  

416 

21,447 
3,264 
1,750 
-  
-  
13,612 

40,073 

113,930 

157,448 

Refer to note 28 for further information on financial instruments.

(i) Assetsecure Pty Limited ('Assetsecure')
This  loan  facility  of  $30,716,000  (A$40,000,000)  is  available  to  fund  the  Australian  disbursement  funding  business 
operated by JustKapital Financing Pty Limited. This loan facility expires on 30 September 2022. This loan is classified as 
current in the current financial period, as loan terms have been breached and not rectified. Interest and management fees 
payable  total  7.8%  per  annum  (2019:  7.7%  per  annum)  on  the  drawn  down  amounts  and  the  facility  line  fee  is  1%  per 
annum (2019: 1% per annum).

The  loan  is  secured  by  a  general  security  agreement  over  the  assets  of  JustKapital  Financing  Pty  Limited.  The  parent 
entity and other entities within the Group have guaranteed the facility.

Management  are  working  closely  with  AssetSecure  in  respect  of  ongoing  defaults  under  the  loan  facility.  In  accordance 
with an agreement reached with them in February 2021 they are continuing to allow funding under the agreement – see 
note 39 for details.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 23. Borrowings (continued)

(ii) Efficient Frontier Investing
On 4 December 2020, the Company entered into a facility agreement for US$25,550,000 with Efficient Frontier Investing 
('EFI'),  acting  as  agent  for  a  syndicate  of  financiers  –  reduced  to  $25,266,000  at  31  December  2020  (2019:  $nil).  The 
facility  was  used  to  refinance  amounts  owing  to  Atalaya  Capital  Management  and  Paradise  Diversified  Holdings  and  is 
repayable on 4 December 2023, with interest accruing at 12.50% per annum (2019: n/a).

Under the terms of the agreement, the facility is to be repaid with proceeds received from the assets of NHF SPV III LLC (a 
company established during 2020 which acquired the rights to the US medical lien receivables). Following the repayment 
of the facility and any accrued interest, the syndicate is entitled to approximately 54% of the future cash flows from those 
receivables. Management has estimated the expected cash flows to arise under the agreement, including principal, interest 
and the share of the remaining proceeds, and determined that the effective interest rate for this borrowing is 14.9%.

The  facility  is  subject  to  a  number  of  financial  and  non-financial  covenants,  with  the  primary  financial  covenant  being  a 
calculation  of  the  Loan  to  Value  Ratio  ('LVR')  between  the  principal  outstanding  on  the  loan  and  the  secured  assets.  A 
breach of a covenant may require the Group to repay the loan earlier. The loan is secured by a general security agreement 
over  the  assets  of  NHF  SPV  III  LLC,  which  holds  a  selection  of  the  NHF  Receivables  whose  carrying  value  at  31 
December 2020 was $29,502,000. LawFinance Limited has also provided a guarantee over the facility.

The  receivables  held  within  NHF  SPV  III  LLC  were  assessed  under  the  derecognition  requirements  in  AASB  9,  with  the 
receivables continuing to be recognised at amortised cost by the Company in their entirety.

NHF is currently in technical default of this finance facility and EFI is reserving its rights under the finance agreement. NHF 
failed  to  meet  the  post  financial  close  requirement  to  open  the  Proceeds  Account  required  under  the  agreement  and 
ensure  a  DACA  (Deposit  Account  Control  Agreement  –  a  US  security)  was  in  place  by  18  December  2020. Challenges 
were  encountered  in  opening  the  DACA  as  a  consequence  of  EFI  not  being  a  US  domiciled  entity  and  US  regulatory 
requirements. NHF is working closely with EFI to finalise the establishment of the account.

In addition, the EFI facility included a Key Person term, which triggered a review event under the terms of the facility, when 
Diane Jones resigned from the Group. We have requested a waiver of this provision. EFI have not yet waived this review 
event requirement, while the focus is on establishing the DACA.

As  a  consequence,  we  have  recorded  the  entire  EFI  loan  as  a  current  liability,  pending  the  resolution  and  waiver  of 
ongoing breaches.

(iii) Vendor loan - Australian disbursement funding business
The loan due to the vendor of the Australian disbursement funding business was repaid on 15 March 2020. Interest was 
payable  at  11%  (2019:  11%)  per  annum.  The  Group  signed  a  variation  agreement  on  2  July  2019,  with  a  monthly 
repayment schedule. The loan was unsecured.

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 23. Borrowings (continued)

(iv) Convertible bonds payable
On 15 July 2016, the Company issued 50,000 convertible bonds, each with a face value of A$100. The total consideration 
received  from  the  convertible  bonds  was  $3,695,500  (A$5,000,000).  Interest  payments  are  cumulative  and  payable  at 
11.5% per annum (2019: 11.5%), quarterly in arrears. The bonds are convertible into ordinary shares of the Company at 
the option of the holder prior to their maturity. The holder can elect to convert prior to maturity date by providing notice only 
after the Company’s next general meeting. The conversion price, if such an election is made, is A$0.30 per ordinary share, 
or 80% of the issue price of any future equity issued should the issue price be lower than A$0.30 per ordinary share. The 
Company  undertook  a  capital  raising  in  November  2018  at  A$0.08  per  share.  As  a  result  of  that  capital  raising  the 
conversion price of the convertible bonds is now A$0.064 per ordinary share. During the year ended 31 December 2020, 
three bondholders have converted A$3,600,000 (plus capitalised interest of A$237,000) of bonds into ordinary shares. The 
remaining bonds maturity date has been extended to 31 December 2021.

The Company has a right to redeem the bonds earlier than their maturity date at a 10% premium to face value. With the 
agreement of the Company, the bond holders may partially or fully apply the redemption amount to subscribe for ordinary 
shares at a price that represents a 10% discount to a 5-day volume weighted average price ('VWAP') determined by the 
holder within the previous 90 days.

The  convertible  bonds  are  categorised  as  a  liability  in  the  statement  of  financial  position  due  to  the  terms  of  the  anti- 
dilution  clauses.  Due  to  the  conversion  feature  the  convertible  bonds  are  considered  to  include  a  derivative  liability.  As 
such the convertible bonds are considered to represent a liability with an equity conversion option derivative with the entire 
instrument being accounted for at fair value through profit or loss.

The facility is subject to a number of covenants. A breach of a covenant may require the Group to repay the bond earlier. 
No covenants have been breached as at 31 December 2020.

(v) Lucerne Group combined loan
The  Lucerne  Finance  Pty  Limited  short-term  loan  facility  and  the  Lucerne  Composite  Master  Fund  loan  facility  were 
amalgamated  during  the  year  ended  30  June  2018  to  become  the  Lucerne  Group  combined  loan.  $8,843,000  was 
repayable on 15 March 2020 and $2,799,000 was repayable on 31 December 2020. Ongoing interest payable was 13.5% 
per annum (2019: 13.5% per annum (including establishment fees)) on $8,843,000 (2019: $8,843,000). Ongoing interest 
payable was 15% per annum (2019: 15%) on $2,799,000 (2019: $2,799,000). The loan is unsecured.

The facility is subject to a number of covenants. A breach of a covenant may require the Group to repay the loan earlier. 
No covenants have been breached as at 31 December 2020.

During the year ended 31 December 2020, the Company either repaid the majority of this loan by issue of equity or the 
loan was converted into the Capitalising Converting Note (refer to note 25). The outstanding balance as at 31 December 
2020 of US$3,684,000 (A$4,797,000) has been split into three loans, as follows:
(a) A total of US$314,000 (A$408,000) which is repayable on 31 December 2021;
(b) A total of US$1,926,000 (A$2,508,000) was repayable on 31 December 2019. The Group is currently in discussion to 

extend the repayment date of this facility; and

(c) A total of US$1,444,000 (A$1,881,000) was repayable on 31 December 2019. The Group is currently in discussion to 

extend the repayment date of this facility.

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 23. Borrowings (continued)

(vi) Lucerne Group facility - US medical lien funding business
Lucerne  Finance  Pty  Limited  and  the  Principis  Master  Fund  had  jointly  provided  facilities  totalling  $12,122,000  (2019: 
$12,122,000)  to  the  medical  lien  funding  business  as  at  30  June  2020.  $8,858,000  of  this  facility  was  repayable  on  28 
September  2020  with  an  interest  rate  of  19%  per  annum  (2019:  19%),  $2,550,000  of  this  facility  was  repayable  on  9 
August  2021  with  an  interest  rate  of  9.95%  per  annum  (2019:  9.95%)  and  $714,000  of  this  facility  was  repayable  on  13 
September 2021 with an interest rate of 15.5% per annum (2019: 15.5%).

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2020,  the  Company  either  repaid  this  loan  by  issue  of  equity  or  the  loan  was 
converted into the Capitalising Converting Note (refer to note 25).

Subsequently, the Principis Master Fund provided facilities of $365,000 (2019: $nil) and $50,000 (2019: $nil). $365,000 of 
this facility was repayable on 27 October 2020 with an interest rate of 13.5% per annum (2019: n/a). The Group is currently 
in discussion to extend the repayment date of this facility. $50,000 of this facility was repayable on 4 December 2020 with 
an interest rate of 13.5% per annum (2019: n/a). The Group is currently in discussion to extend the repayment date of this 
facility.

(vii) Paradise Diversified Holdings Limited Partnership
This facility of $7,931,000 (2019: $4,163,000) was provided to fund the investment in specific accounts receivable in the 
US. This facility was repaid on 4 December 2020 through the proceeds from the new facility provided by Efficient Frontier 
Investing.  Interest  payable  under  this  facility  was  45%  per  annum  (2019:  30%).  The  loan  was  guaranteed  by  NHF  and 
LawFinance.

(viii) Other NHF subordinated debt
A third party has provided a $1,410,000 facility (2019: $1,180,000) to fund working capital of the business which remains 
payable as at 31 December 2020. This facility was repayable on 31 January 2021. The Group is currently in discussion to 
extend the repayment date of this total facility. Interest payable under this facility is 24% per annum (2019: 24%) and can 
be repaid early without penalty. The loan is guaranteed by NHF and LawFinance.

(ix) Other NHF subordinated debt
A  third  party  has  provided  a  $1,000,000  facility  to  NHF  which  remains  payable  as  at  31  December  2020  (2019: 
$1,000,000). The facilities are repayable on demand. Interest is payable at 12% per annum (2019: 12% per annum). The 
loan is unsecured.

(x) Other NHF subordinated debt
Three third parties have provided facilities totalling $4,750,000 (2019: $4,750,000) to the medical lien funding business to 
fund  working  capital  as  at  31  December  2020.  $3,000,000  of  this  facility  was  repayable  on  31  December  2020  with  an 
interest rate of 13.5% per annum (2019: 13.5%), $250,000 of this facility is repayable on 30 June 2021 with an interest rate 
of 13% per annum (2019: 13%) and $1,500,000 of this facility is repayable on 31 July 2021 with an interest rate of 13.5% 
per annum (2019: 13.5%). These loans are guaranteed by NHF and LawFinance. The Group is currently in discussion to 
extend the repayment date of this total facility.

(xi) Syndicated acquisition facility ('SAF')
The  Syndicated  acquisition  facility  of  $32,252,000  (A$42,000,000)  (2019:  $29,396,000  (A$42,000,000))  was  provided  by 
leading Australian institutions and family offices. The facility is repayable on 28 September 2022 but may be repaid at any 
time after 28 September 2021. Interest payable under this facility is 13% per annum (2019: 13% per annum). Interest has 
been  accrued  under  this  facility  for  the  period  and  therefore  the  balance  as  at  31  December  2020  was  $36,716,000 
(A$47,813,000). The loan is secured over all of the assets of the Group, with second ranking security provided behind the 
assets secured to Assetsecure (see (i) above) and Atalaya (see (xvi) below). 

The facility is subject to a number of covenants. A breach of a covenant may require the Group to repay the loan earlier. 
Several covenants were breached during the year ended 31 December 2020, including the non-payment of interest. The 
Group has successfully negotiated a standstill agreement with the Majority Lender of the facility until 30 April 2021. Despite 
the fact that the facility is repayable on 28 September 2022, and no facility members have demanded the facility be repaid, 
the facility has been classified as a current liability (31 December 2019: current).

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 23. Borrowings (continued)

(xii) SAF Side Loan 1
Washington H Soul Pattinson & Company Limited ('WHSP') had provided a $2,130,000 (A$2,773,000) (2019: $1,252,000 
(A$1,789,000)) loan to the Group. This loan was acquired by third parties on 4 December 2020. Interest payable under this 
loan  is  18%  per  annum  (2019:  15%)  on  $1,976,000  (A$2,573,000)  and  18%  per  annum  (2019:  18%)  on  $154,000 
(A$200,000).  The  loan  is  secured  over  all  of  the  assets  of  the  Group,  with  second  ranking  security  provided  behind  the 
assets secured to Assetsecure (see (i) above) and Atalaya (see (xvi) below).

(xiii) SAF Side Loan 2
WHSP had also provided a $2,496,000 (A$3,250,000) (2019: $2,275,000 (A$3,250,000)) deferred financing arrangement, 
giving  the  Group  the  ability  to  defer  interest  payments  payable  under  the  Syndicated  Acquisition  Facility.  This  loan  was 
acquired by third parties on 4 December 2020. Interest payable under this arrangement is 18% per annum (2019: 15%). 
The loan is secured over all of the assets of the Group, with second ranking security provided behind the assets secured to 
Assetsecure (see (i) above) and Atalaya (see (xvi) below).

(xiv) Paycheck Protection Program loan
The Paycheck Protection Program Loan (or 'PPP Loan'), was made available by the U.S. Small Business Administration. 
The  PPP  Loan  was  made  available  to  US  businesses  in  order  to  help  bridge  the  economic  gap  that  arose  during  the 
COVID-19 pandemic and is to be utilised mainly for payroll (60%) and rent, mortgage interest payments and utilities (40%). 
The Group has 24 weeks to utilise all the funds from the date the loan proceeds were received. The Company received the 
loan funds on 17 April 2020.

Interest payable is 1% per annum until the loan is repaid in full, or forgiven under various US loan forgiveness programs. 
Loan forgiveness can be applied for in relation to this loan under Section 1106 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic 
Security Act. This forgiveness can potentially be the entire amount of the loan other than an amount considered to be the 
Economic  Injury  Disaster  Advance  amount  received  ('EIDL  Advance'),  if  any.  The  Group  received  $10,000  as  an  EIDL 
Advance  as  part  of  its  PPP  Loan.  The  Company’s  preliminary  calculations  show  that  it  should  be  able  to  apply  for  the 
forgiveness of this loan, except for the $10,000 EIDL Advance. If the loan forgiveness is not granted, the Company must 
repay  the  whole  loan  over  an  18  month  period  at  approximately  $33,500  each  month  until  the  loan  and  its  associated 
interest is repaid in full. Given the backlog in processing forgiveness applications, this loan is still pending and as such, the 
monthly loan repayments, if required, have not yet commenced.

(xv) NHF Founder Promissory Notes
As  a  result  of  the  restatement  of  the  31  December  2019  comparatives  (refer  to  note  4),  these  Promissory  Notes  were 
forgiven  in  full  during  this  current  reporting  period,  with  the  Company  issuing  various  options  to  the  Founders  in  March 
2020. The options were approved by shareholders at the extraordinary general meeting on 10 March 2020, and issued on 
13 March 2020. The Promissory Notes were interest free (2019: interest free). The Promissory Notes were unsecured.

(xvi) Atalaya Capital Management ('Atalaya')
The loan facility of $80,000,000 (2019: $80,000,000) is available to fund the US medical lien funding business. The facility 
is repayable on 25 April 2022. However, it is repayable on demand if loan covenants are breached and not rectified. The 
facility  is  secured  by  a  first  ranking  charge  over  the  assets  of  NHF  SPV  I,  LLC  (being  the  company  which  owns  these 
accounts  receivables  in  the  US).  The  interest  and  fees  payable  under  the  drawn  down  facility  total  13.5%  per  annum 
(2019: 12.76% per annum) and the undrawn line fees are 1% (2019: 1%).

The facility is subject to a number of covenants. A breach of a covenant may require the Group to repay the loan earlier. 
Certain  covenants  were  breached  during  the  year  ended  31  December  2019.  Atalaya  and  the  Group  entered  into  a 
forbearance  arrangement  on  17  October  2019.  That  forbearance  arrangement  provided  that  all  prior  covenant  breaches 
would  be  waived  if  the  Group  complied  with  the  forbearance  arrangement  by  31  January  2020.  The  Group  received 
confirmation that it had complied with the waiver conditions on 28 February 2020.

However, as a result of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, additional breaches of the facility have occurred during the 
period. Although Atalaya have not demanded the facility be repaid, as several covenants were breached during the current 
reporting period, it has been reclassified as a current liability (refer to note 4).

(xvii) Economic Injury Disaster Relief loan
The Economic Injury Disaster Relief loan (or 'EIDL Loan'), of $150,000 was made available to the Company by the U.S. 
Small  Business  Administration  on  16  June  2020.  Interest  at  3.75%  per  annum  is  payable  under  this  EIDL  Loan. 
Repayments, including principal and interest, of $731 per month, commence on 26 July 2021. The loan term is 30 years.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 23. Borrowings (continued)

(xviii) Vendor loan - NHF Founders
As a result of the restatement of the 31 December 2019 comparatives (refer to note 4), this loan was forgiven in full during
this current reporting period, with the Company issuing various options to the Vendors in March 2020. The options were
approved by shareholders at the extraordinary general meeting on 10 March 2020, and issued on 13 March 2020. There
was no interest payable under this facility in the current reporting period (2019: 13% per annum). The loan was unsecured.

Financing arrangements
At the reporting date, the following lines of credit were available:

Total facilities

Assetsecure Pty Limited loan (a)
Atalaya Capital Management (b)
NHF founder promissory notes
Syndicated acquisition facility (c)
Efficient Frontier Investing (d)

Used at the reporting date

Assetsecure Pty Limited loan (a)
Atalaya Capital Management (b)
NHF founder promissory notes
Syndicated acquisition facility (c)
Efficient Frontier Investing (d)

Unused at the reporting date

Assetsecure Pty Limited loan (a)
Atalaya Capital Management (b)
NHF founder promissory notes
Syndicated acquisition facility (c)
Efficient Frontier Investing (d)

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

30,716 
80,000 
-
32,252 
25,550 
168,518 

17,017 
17,012 
-
32,252 
25,266 
91,547 

13,699 
62,988 
-  
-  
 - 
76,687 

27,996 
80,000 
9,000
29,396

-  
146,392 

21,447 
41,603 
9,000
29,396

-  
101,446 

6,549 
38,397 
-  
-  
-  
44,946 

(a) The  facility  can  be  drawn-down  based  upon  various  calculations  relating  to  the  underlying  disbursement  funding 

receivables. As at 31 December 2020, $nil could be drawn down as a result of these calculations (2019: $nil).

(b) The  facility  can  be  drawn-down  based  upon  various  calculations  relating  to  the  underlying  medical  lien  funding

receivables. As at 31 December 2020, $nil could be drawn down as a result of these calculations (2019: $nil).

(c) This facility excludes capitalised interest of $4,464,000 (2019: $nil).
(d) This facility does not have a redraw option.

Note 24. Issued capital

Ordinary shares - fully paid

1,170,230,045

561,760,467

61,310 

40,924 

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019 31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

Shares

Shares

US$'000

US$'000

67

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 24. Issued capital (continued)

Movements in ordinary share capital

Details

Date

Shares

Issue price

US$'000

Balance
Issue of shares - placement (i)
Share issue costs

1 January 2019
31 December 2019

Balance
Issue of shares - rights issue (ii) & (iii)
Issue of shares - conversion of convertible bonds (iii) 2 April 2020
Issue of shares - litigation settlement (iii)
2 April 2020
Issue of shares - conversion of convertible bonds (iii) 20 May 2020
Issue of shares - placement (iv)
Share issue costs

31 December 2019
21 February 2020

14 December 2020

483,635,467
78,125,000
- 

561,760,467
330,923,639
819,090
14,000,000
59,126,849
203,600,000
- 

US$0.045 

US$0.042 
US$0.040 
US$0.040 
US$0.041 
US$0.019 

Balance

31 December 2020

1,170,230,045

37,649
3,499
(224)

40,924
13,957
33
558
2,451
3,831
(444)

61,310

These shares were issued by the share registry on 2 January 2020.

(i)
(ii) The cash received from the rights issue was US$5,345,000 (A$8,210,000) and the balance related to debt to equity

conversion.
Issue price A$0.064 per share
Issue price A$0.025 per share

(iii)
(iv)

Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares entitle the holder to participate in any dividends declared and any proceeds attributable to shareholders 
should the Company be wound up, in proportions that consider both the number of shares held and the extent to which 
those  shares  are  paid  up.  The  fully  paid  ordinary  shares  have  no  par  value  and  the  Company  does  not  have  a  limited 
amount of authorised capital.

On a show of hands every member present at a meeting in person or by proxy shall have one vote and upon a poll each 
share shall have one vote.

There are 215,097,403 (2019: 215,097,403) ordinary shares escrowed at 31 December 2020.

Options
Options do not entitle the holder to participate in dividends or to vote at a meeting of the Company.

Performance rights
Performance rights do not entitle the holder to participate in dividends or to vote at a meeting of the Company.

Convertible bonds
Convertible bonds do not entitle the holder to participate in dividends or to vote at a meeting of the Company.

Warrants
Warrants issued on acquisition of NHF do not entitle the holder to participate in dividends or to vote at a meeting of the 
Company.

Share buy-back
There is no current on-market share buy-back.

Capital risk management
Management controls the capital of the Group in order to maintain a sustainable debt to equity ratio, generate long-term 
shareholder value and ensure that the Group can fund its operations and continue as a going concern.

The Group’s debt and capital include ordinary share capital and financial liabilities, supported by financial assets.

68

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 24. Issued capital (continued)

The  Group  is  not  subject  to  any  externally  imposed  capital  requirements.  Management  effectively  manages  the  Group’s 
capital by assessing the Group’s financial risks and adjusting its capital structure in response to changes in these risks and 
in the market. These responses include the management of debt levels, distributions to shareholders and share issues.

Consistent with the market announcement to the ASX on 29 January 2021 the Group’s plans include raising new equity 
funding,  in  the  near  term,  as  a  component  of  its  broader  restructuring  and  recapitalisation  plans. The  Directors  intend  to 
make further announcements in this regard in due course.

Note 25. Capitalising converting notes

Capitalising converting notes

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

13,933 

-  

On  9  June  2020,  the  Company  issued  188,972,861  Capitalising  converting  notes  ('CCN')  at  a  face  value  of  A$0.10  per 
share to convert A$18.9 million of existing subordinated debt owed by the Company. The noteholders may elect to convert 
the notes into ordinary shares before 31 December 2022. The CCN accrues the noteholder interest at 6% per annum and 
this  interest  is  also  convertible  into  ordinary  shares,  and  not  payable  in  cash.  The  CNN  do  not  entitle  the  noteholder  to 
participate in dividends or to vote at a meeting of the Company.

Financial instruments issued by the Company are classified as equity when they do not meet the definition of a financial 
liability.  The  CCN’s  do  not  create  a  contractual  obligation  to  deliver  cash  to  the  noteholder  and  the  number  of  ordinary 
shares  to  be  issued  upon  conversion  is  fixed  at  223,414,026,  hence  these  CCN’s  have  been  classified  as  equity.  The 
capitalised interest is calculated quarterly and this interest will be classified as equity on a quarterly basis until the notes 
are  converted  into  ordinary  shares,  or  until  31  December  2022.  During  the  year  ended  31  December  2020,  $652,000 
(A$935,000) of interest was transferred into equity (2019: nil).

Note 26. Reserves

Foreign currency reserve
Share-based payments reserve

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(898)
6,118 

5,220 

782 
5,996 

6,778 

Foreign currency reserve
The reserve is used to recognise exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of Australian 
operations to United States dollars.

Share-based payments reserve
The  reserve  is  used  to  recognise  the  value  of  equity  benefits  provided  to  employees  and  directors  as  part  of  their 
remuneration, and other parties as part of their compensation for services.

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 26. Reserves (continued)

Movements in reserves
Movements in reserves during the current and previous financial period are set out below:

Consolidated

Balance at 1 January 2019
Foreign currency translation

Balance at 31 December 2019
Foreign currency translation
Share-based payments

Balance at 31 December 2020

Note 27. Dividends

Foreign
currency
US$'000

Share-based
payments
US$'000

Total
US$'000

2
780

782
(1,680)
-

(898)

5,996
-

5,996
-
122

6,118

5,998
780

6,778
(1,680)
122

5,220

There were no dividends paid, recommended or declared during the current or previous financial year.

Note 28. Financial instruments

Financial risk management objectives
The  Group’s  principal  financial  instruments  comprise  cash  and  short-term  deposits,  receivables  and  payables  and  its 
finance facilities.

The Group manages its exposure to key financial risks in accordance with the Group’s financial risk management policy. 
The  objective  of  the  policy  is  to  support  the  delivery  of  the  Group’s  financial  targets  whilst  protecting  its  future  financial 
security.

The main risks arising from the Group’s financial instruments are market risk (foreign currency risk and interest rate risk), 
credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group uses different methods to measure and manage different types of risks to which it is 
exposed.  These  include  monitoring  levels  of  exposure  to  interest  rates  and  currencies  and  assessments  of  market 
forecasts for interest rates and foreign currencies. Ageing analyses and monitoring of receivables using an expected credit 
loss matrix are undertaken to manage credit risk. Liquidity risk is monitored through the development of future rolling cash 
flow forecasts.

Market risk

Foreign currency risk
Foreign currency risk arises from investments and borrowings that are denominated in a currency other than the functional 
currencies  of  the  entities  within  the  Group.  These  are  Australian  dollars  and  United  States  dollars  based  on  country  of 
operation of the entities within the Group.

In addition, the Group is exposed to non-financial instrument risk on the translation of these entities from their functional 
currency to the presentation currency of United States dollars. This presentation risk is separate to the foreign currency risk 
dealt with here.

The Group does not hedge any foreign currency risks as those currency positions are considered to be long-term in nature.

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 28. Financial instruments (continued)

The carrying amount of the Group's foreign currency denominated financial assets at the reporting date was as follows:

Consolidated

Australian dollars
United States dollars

Assets

Liabilities

31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019 31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

US$'000

US$'000

19,883
55,520

25,207
77,539

(77,165)
(56,575)

(96,554)
(72,767)

75,403

102,746

(133,740)

(169,321)

The  Group  had  net  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  of  US$58,337,000  (US$75,403,000  less  liabilities  of 
US$133,740,000)  as  at  31  December  2020  (2019:  net  liabilities  of  US$66,575,000  (US$102,746,000  less  liabilities  of 
US$169,321,000)).

USD strengthened
Effect on 
profit before 

Effect on 
equity

tax           

USD weakened
Effect on 
profit before 

tax           

Effect on 
equity

Consolidated - 31 Dec 2020

% change

US$'000

US$'000

% change

US$'000

US$'000

Australian dollars

10% 

5,728

5,728

10% 

(5,728)

(5,728)

USD strengthened
Effect on 
profit before 

Effect on 
equity

tax           

USD weakened
Effect on 
profit before 

tax           

Effect on 
equity

Consolidated - 31 Dec 2019

% change

US$'000

US$'000

% change

US$'000

US$'000

Australian dollars

10% 

7,135

7,135

10% 

(7,135)

(7,135)

The  percentage  change  is  the  expected  overall  volatility  of  the  significant  currencies,  which  is  based  on  management's 
assessment  of  reasonable  possible  fluctuations  taking  into  consideration  movements  over  the  last  12  months  each  year 
and the spot rate at each reporting date.

Price risk
The Group is not exposed to any significant price risk.

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 28. Financial instruments (continued)

Interest rate risk
The  Group's  main  interest  rate  risk  arises  from  borrowings  and  cash  and  cash  equivalents.  The  Group’s  exposure  to 
interest rate risk, which is the risk that a financial instrument’s value will fluctuate as a result of changes in market rates and 
the effective weighted average interest rates on financial liabilities, is as follows:

Assetsecure Pty Limited loan
Efficient Frontier Investing
Vendor loan - Australian disbursement funding business
Convertible bonds payable
Lucerne Group combined loan
Lucerne Group facility - US medical lien funding business
Paradise Diversified Holdings Limited Partnership
Other NHF subordinated debt
Other NHF subordinated debt
Other NHF subordinated debt
Insurance financing - Australia
Syndicated acquisition facility ('SAF')
SAF Side Loan 1
SAF Side Loan 2
Paycheck Protection Program loan
NHF Founder Promissory Notes
Atalaya Capital Management
Economic Injury Disaster Relief loan
Insurance financing - USA
Credit cards
Vendor loan - NHF Founders
Cash and cash equivalents

31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019 31 Dec 2019

Weighted
average
interest rate
%

Balance
US$'000

Weighted
average
interest rate
%

Balance
US$'000

8.41% 
12.50% 
-
11.50% 
18.99% 
13.50% 
-
24.00% 
12.00% 
13.47% 
5.06% 
13.36% 
18.00% 
18.00% 
1.00% 
-
14.38% 
3.75% 
-
15.04% 
-
0.02% 

17,017
25,266
-
1,233
3,684
415
-
1,410
1,000
4,750
27
36,716
2,130
2,496
605
-
17,012
150
-
19
-
(5,351)

8.79% 
-
11.00% 
11.50% 
13.44% 
16.89% 
30.00% 
24.00% 
12.00% 
13.47% 
6.21% 
13.00% 
15.00% 
13.00% 
-
-
14.25% 
-
6.58% 
17.04% 
12.17% 
0.04% 

21,447
-
315
3,500
11,642
12,122
4,163
1,180
1,000
4,750
33
29,396
1,252
2,275
-
9,000
41,603
-
55
103
13,612
(5,777)

Net exposure to cash flow interest rate risk

108,579

151,671

The weighted average interest rate for the period ended 31 December 2020 was 13.53% (2019: 14.29%).

The Group has net interest-bearing liabilities and therefore income and operating cash flows are subject to changes in the 
market  rates.  The  Group  regularly  analyses  its  interest  rate  exposure.  Within  this  analysis  consideration  is  given  to 
expected  interest  rate  movements  and  the  Group’s  future  cash  requirements,  potential  renewals  of  existing  positions, 
alternative financing, and the mix of fixed and variable interest rates. A movement in interest rates of +/-100 basis points 
will result in less than a +/-US$1,107,000 (2019: US$1,317,000) impact on the Group’s results and operating cash flows.

Credit risk
The  Group  has  adopted  a  lifetime  expected  loss  allowance  in  estimating  expected  credit  losses  to  trade  receivables 
through  the  use  of  a  provisions  matrix  using  fixed  rates  of  credit  loss  provisioning.  These  provisions  are  considered 
representative across all customers of the Group based on recent sales experience, historical collection rates and forward-
looking information that is available.

Generally, trade receivables are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. Indicators of this include 
the  failure  of  a  debtor  to  engage  in  a  repayment  plan,  no  active  enforcement  activity  and  a  failure  to  make  contractual 
payments for a period greater than 1 year.

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its 
contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Group’s cash and cash equivalents and receivables.

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 28. Financial instruments (continued)

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  comprise  of  cash  on  hand  and  demand  deposits.  The  Group  limits  its  credit  risk  by  holding 
cash balances and demand deposits with reputable counterparties with acceptable credit ratings.

Receivables  for  the  disbursement  funding  division  are  with  licensed  solicitors  as  the  counterparty.  The  Group  transacts 
with in excess of 120 law firms and limits its credit risk by ensuring that there is a credit limit applied to any law firm and 
that settlement funds are deposited into the law firms' trust accounts (which are periodically audited by the Law Society).

Receivables for the short-term loans division are with licensed solicitors as the counterparty. The Group limits its credit risk 
by ensuring that there is a credit limit applied to any law firm. Personal guarantees are obtained from the principals of the 
firm and the loans are monitored on a monthly basis.

Receivables relating to the litigation funding division are as a result of a funded case successfully concluding. The Group 
assesses  the  defendants'  capacity  to  pay  in  the  matters  funded  by  the  Group  prior  to  entering  into  any  agreement  to 
provide  funding  and  continues  this  assessment  during  the  course  of  funding.  The  Group’s  continual  monitoring  of  the 
defendants’ financial capacity mitigates this risk.

Receivables for the US medical lien funding division are held with licensed lawyers who have a fiduciary duty to protect the 
receivable. The Group transacts with in excess of 2,000 law firms and limits its credit risk by ensuring that the lawyer has a 
valid and active license to practice law in their respective State. Settlement funds are required to be deposited into the law 
firms' trust accounts where State Bar rules and regulations apply, protecting the funds from mismanagement.

Liquidity risk
Refer to Note 2 – ‘Going concern – material uncertainty’ and the Group’s restructuring and recapitalisation plans.

Management  continually  reviews  the  Group’s  liquidity  position,  including  the  preparation  of  cash  flow  forecasts,  to 
determine the forecast liquidity position and to maintain appropriate liquidity levels.

The  liquidity  risk  for  the  Group  is  the  ability  to  raise  equity  or  debt  financing  in  the  future.  This  risk  is  mitigated  by  the 
headroom, where available, from the following facilities:

Assetsecure Pty Limited loan (subject to certain calculations, see note 23)
Atalaya Capital Management (subject to certain calculations, see note 23)

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

-  
-  

-  

6,549 
38,397 

44,946 

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 28. Financial instruments (continued)

Remaining contractual maturities
The following are the remaining contractual maturities as at the reporting date. The amounts are gross, undiscounted and 
include contractual interest payments and exclude the impact of netting agreements.

Consolidated - 31 Dec 2020

Non-interest bearing:
Trade and other payables

Interest bearing:
Assetsecure Pty Limited loan*
Efficient Frontier Investing*
Convertible bonds payable
Lucerne Group combined loan
Lucerne Group facility - US 
medical lien funding business
Other NHF subordinated debt
Other NHF subordinated debt
Other NHF subordinated debt
Insurance financing - Australia
Syndicated acquisition facility 
('SAF')*
SAF Side Loan 1*
SAF Side Loan 2*
Paycheck Protection Program 
loan
Atalaya Capital Management
Economic Injury Disaster Relief 
loan
Credit cards
Lease liabilities

Weighted
average
interest rate
%

1 year or 
less
US$'000

Between 1 
and 2 years
US$'000

Between 2 
and 5 years Over 5 years

US$'000

US$'000

Remaining
contractual
maturities
US$'000

-

5,116

-

-

8.41% 
12.50% 
11.50% 
18.99% 

13.50% 
24.00% 
12.00% 
13.47% 
5.06% 

13.36% 
18.00% 
18.00% 

1.00% 
14.38% 

3.75% 
15.04% 
6.88% 

1,498
3,158
1,375
4,383

471
1,439
120
5,289
27

4,907
2,328
2,945

6
2,467

6
22
452

18,137
3,158
-
-

-
-
120
-
-

40,359
-
-

607
17,789

6
-
194

-
28,182
-
-

-
-
1,240
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

17
-
189

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-

294
-
868

5,116

19,635
34,498
1,375
4,383

471
1,439
1,480
5,289
27

45,266
2,328
2,945

613
20,256

323
22
1,703

*

Refer  to  note  23  and  the  technical  breaches  of  these  facilities  –  the  above  remaining  contractual  maturities  are  as 
expected once the breaches have been rectified.

36,009

80,370

29,628

1,162

147,169

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 28. Financial instruments (continued)

Remaining contractual maturities
The following are the remaining contractual maturities as at the reporting date. The amounts are gross, undiscounted and 
include contractual interest payments and exclude the impact of netting agreements.

Consolidated - 31 Dec 2019

Non-interest bearing:
Trade and other payables
NHF founder promissory notes

Interest bearing:
Assetsecure Pty Limited loan
Vendor loan - Australian 
disbursement funding business
Convertible bonds payable
Lucerne Group combined loan
Lucerne Group facility - US 
medical lien funding business
Paradise Diversified Holdings 
Limited Partnership
Other NHF subordinated debt
Other NHF subordinated debt
Other NHF subordinated debt
Insurance financing - Australia
Syndicated acquisition facility 
('SAF')
SAF side loan 1
SAF side loan 2
Atalaya Capital Management
Insurance financing - USA
Credit cards
Vendor loan - NHF Founders
Lease liabilities

Weighted
average 
interest rate
%

1 year or 
less
US$'000

Between 1 
and 2 years
US$'000

Between 2 
and 5 years Over 5 years

US$'000

US$'000

Remaining
contractual 
maturities
US$'000

-
-

6,672
9,000

-
-

-
-

8.79% 

1,871

1,866

22,842

11.00% 
11.50% 
13.44% 

315
3,588
12,064

16.89% 

10,279

30.00% 
24.00% 
12.00% 
13.47% 
6.21% 

13.00% 
15.00% 
13.00% 
14.25% 
6.58% 
17.04% 
12.17% 
6.76% 

4,895
1,298
120
3,642
33

3,832
1,346
2,422
5,945
56
123
13,122
104

-
-
-

3,495

-
-
120
1,884
-

3,821
-
-
5,928
-
-
-
513

-
-
-

-

-
-
1,360
-
-

32,233
-
-
43,471
-
-
-
401

-
-

-

-
-
-

-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,046

6,672
9,000

26,579

315
3,588
12,064

13,774

4,895
1,298
1,600
5,526
33

39,886
1,346
2,422
55,344
56
123
13,122
2,064

80,727

17,627

100,307

1,046

199,707

Note 29. Fair value measurement

Fair value measurement hierarchy for assets
The  following  tables  detail  the  Group's  assets  and  liabilities,  measured  or  disclosed  at  fair  value,  using  a  three  level 
hierarchy, based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the entire fair value measurement, being:
Level  1:  Quoted  prices  (unadjusted)  in  active  markets  for  identical  assets  or  liabilities  that  the  entity  can  access  at  the 
measurement date.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly 
or indirectly.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

Consolidated - 31 Dec 2020

Assets measured at fair value:
  Loan receivables - disbursement funding - Australia 
Total assets

Level 1
US$'000

Level 2
US$'000

Level 3
US$'000

Total
US$'000

-
-

-
-

18,006
18,006

18,006
18,006

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 29. Fair value measurement (continued)

Consolidated - 31 Dec 2019

Assets measured at fair value:
  Loan receivables - disbursement funding - Australia 
Total assets

Level 1
US$'000

Level 2
US$'000

Level 3
US$'000

Total
US$'000

-
-

-
-

24,921
24,921

24,921
24,921

The  above  Loan  receivables  are  shown  excluding  the  adjustment  for  the  unrecognised  day  1  margin.  There  were  no 
transfers between levels during the financial period.

Description of significant unobservable inputs to valuation
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of loan receivables categorised within Level 3 of 
the fair value hierarchy are as shown below.

The actuarial valuation involves:
●
●

Analysis of historical collections data;
Setting assumptions based on the experience of historical collections data (including repayment patterns, proportion 
of write-offs and discounts);
Application of assumptions to the open receivables in order to project the future repayments over the expected life of 
the contracts;
Discounting  the  projected  repayments  for  the  open  receivables  using  an  appropriate  discount  rate  to  the  valuation 
date;
Calculation  of  the  fair  value  of  the  invoices  taking  into  account  the  discounted  repayments  which  have  allowed  for 
discounts and write-offs and credit risk; and
Calculation  of  the  day  1  margin  and  its  systematic  recognition  within  profit  or  loss  over  the  expected  term  of  the 
arrangement  is  based  on  the  profile  of  cash  collections  and  the  subsequent  weighted  average  calculation  of  these 
collections applied to the recognition of the day 1 margin.

The key assumptions include:
●

The discount rate is calculated at a margin of 4% over the 3 year non-financial corporate A-rate bond. The discount 
rate is 4.45% (2019: 5.67%); and
The write-off assumption allows for cases closed without collection of any amounts on the invoices and the discount 
assumption reflects discounts given to legal firms for reasons such as early settlements of invoices or the application 
of discretion by Management. The overall write-off/discount rate applied is 14.9% (2019: 11.9%).

●

●

●

●

●

Loan receivables fair value measurement – valuation process
Valuations  are  performed  on  a  half-yearly  basis.  For  the  purpose  of  the  valuation,  Management  collates  the  inputs  and 
data required to be applied in the valuations. Management performs a reconciliation of the fair value based on the valuation 
results and as part of the reconciliation process reviews any unusual movements noted.

76

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 29. Fair value measurement (continued)

Reconciliation of fair value measurement of the Loan receivables and deferred day 1 margin is set out below:

Consolidated

Balance at 1 January 2019
Cash disbursements in relation to new loans
New day 1 margin
Cash collections - disbursement funding
Gains or losses recognised in profit or loss
Amortisation of day 1 margin
Exchange rate movement

Balance at 31 December 2019
Cash disbursements in relation to new loans
New day 1 margin
Cash collections - disbursement funding
Losses recognised in profit or loss
Amortisation of day 1 margin
Exchange rate movement

Fair value
US$'000

Deferred day
1 margin
US$'000

Total
US$'000

24,301
8,007
-
(10,284)
3,210
-
(313)

24,921
2,194
-
(11,629)
(242)
-
2,762

(3,037)
-
(2,407)
-
-
2,681
25

(2,738)
-
(1,196)
-
-
2,249
(198)

21,264
8,007
(2,407)
(10,284)
3,210
2,681
(288)

22,183
2,194
(1,196)
(11,629)
(242)
2,249
2,564

Balance at 31 December 2020

18,006

(1,883)

16,123

This reconciliation excludes other receivables and short-term loans.

There were no transfers into or out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the financial year.

The  Loan  receivables  -  disbursement  funding  -  Australia  (gross)  balance  was  US$26,577,000  as  at  31  December  2020 
(2019: US$31,610,000).

Note 30. Key management personnel disclosures

Compensation
The aggregate compensation made to directors and other members of key management personnel ('KMP') of the Group is 
set out below:

Short-term employee benefits
Post-employment benefits

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$

US$

1,674,775 
50,156 

2,062,737 
47,033 

1,724,931 

2,109,770 

The above figures include amounts paid to companies related to directors for the service and/or director fees payable to 
directors.

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 31. Remuneration of auditors

During  the  financial  period  the  following  fees  were  paid  or  payable  for  services  provided  by  Stantons  International 
('Stantons'), the auditor of the Company, and Spielman Koenigsberg & Parker, LLP ('SKP'), the auditor of NHF:

Audit services - Stantons
Audit or review of the financial statements

Other services - Stantons
Other corporate services

Audit services - SKP
Audit or review of the financial statements

Note 32. Contingent liabilities

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$

US$

121,541 

133,350 

5,649 

-  

127,190 

133,350 

13,983 

124,710 

Bank guarantees
The Group has given bank guarantees as at 31 December 2020 of $116,000 (2019: $104,000) to various landlords. The 
guarantees are secured by an offset arrangement with the short-term cash deposits.

Litigation funding agreements
In certain jurisdictions litigation funding agreements contain an undertaking from the legal entity ('the funding entity') that is 
funding the litigation that it will pay adverse costs awarded to the successful party in respect of costs incurred during the 
period of funding, should the client’s litigation be unsuccessful. It is not possible to predict in which cases such an award 
might  be  made  or  the  quantum  of  such  awards.  In  general  terms  an  award  of  adverse  costs  to  a  defendant  will 
approximate 70% (2019: 70%) of the amount paid by the plaintiff to pursue the litigation (although in some cases there may 
be  more  than  one  defendant). In  all  outstanding  cases  the  particular  funding  entity  has  taken  out  adverse  cost  order 
insurance policies to meet the costs of adverse cost orders, however, there is a risk that in some cases that the insurance 
cover is insufficient to meet the cost of any adverse cost order, in full.

If  any  contingent  liability  crystalises  during  the  period  31  December  2020  to  the  date  of  completion  of  the  sale  of  the 
litigation  portfolio  (refer  to  note  11),  due  to  the  award  of  adverse  costs  against  the  funded  plaintiff then  the  liability  will 
transfer with the funding entities being sold, upon completion. From the date the sale is completed, the funding entities will 
no longer be part of the Group and as such the costs will cease to be a contingent liability of the Group as they will still be 
contingent liabilities of the funding entities.

Litigation against NHF
NHF is involved in two separate proceedings (litigation) that were commenced in Florida in 2017. These proceedings relate 
to  a  failed  medical  practice  which  sold  various  medical  invoices  to  NHF.  The  proceedings  are  being  defended  as  the 
medical invoices purchased were on an arm’s length basis and are subject to a contract entered into with the now bankrupt 
medical practice. As such, NHF believes there are no amounts payable to the medical practice or its creditors. There has 
been no change to the status of this case since 31 December 2019.

NHF  is  also  involved  with  litigation  that  was  commenced  in  Oklahoma  in  2019.  The  proceedings  relate  to  a  patient  of  a 
medical  provider  that  sold  various  receivables  to  NHF.  The  proceeding  is  being  defended  as  the  lien  is  a  legal  contract, 
binding upon the patient. NHF also has an indemnity clause with the medical provider. As such, NHF believes there will be 
no amounts payable to the plaintiff. There has been no change to the status of this case since 31 December 2019.

Note 33. Commitments

The  Group  had  no  capital  commitments  for  property,  plant  and  equipment  as  at  31  December  2020  and  31  December 
2019.

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 34. Related party transactions

Parent entity
LawFinance Limited is the parent entity.

Subsidiaries
Interests in subsidiaries are set out in note 36.

Key management personnel
Disclosures  relating  to  key  management  personnel  are  set  out  in  note  30  and  the  remuneration  report  included  in  the 
directors' report.

Transactions with related parties
The following transactions occurred with related parties:

Other related parties - expenses:
Lucerne Group - interest on borrowings
Lucerne Group - underwriting fees
Multus Medical LLC - cost of sales
Diane Jones - Convertible Bond Interest

Other related parties - income:
Multus Medical LLC - office rental
Multus Medical LLC - staff and administration costs
Wattel & York - staff costs
David Wattel - interest adjustment on vendor loan
Mark Siegel - interest adjustment on vendor loan
David Wattel - fair value adjustment - Notes Payable
Mark Siegel - fair value adjustment - Notes Payable
David Wattel & Mark Siegel - fair value adjustment - Vendor Loan

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$

US$

736,116 
-
2,200 
940 

2,468,636 
110,234
78,838
3,996 

64,341 
18,994 
5,205 
761,423 
761,423 
4,500,000 
4,500,000 
10,602,241 

83,313 
28,477 
41,090 
-  
-  
-  
-  
-  

Lucerne  Group  manages  funds  on  behalf  of  third  parties.  Anthony  Murphy  is  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Lucerne 
Investment Partners, part of the Lucerne Group.

David  Wattel  is  a  director  of  Multus  Medical  LLC,  a  company  that  specialises  in  creating  3-Dimensional  anatomical 
schematics from standardised MRI data. This company also provides services to patients to assist in their personal injury 
insurance claims, and NHF fund the cost of these services. David is also a founding member of Wattel & York – Attorneys 
at Law, a personal injury and property damage law firm.

Receivable from and payable to related parties
The following balances are outstanding at the reporting date in relation to transactions with related parties:

Current receivables from other related parties:
Multus Medical LLC
Wattel & York

Current payables to other related parties:
Lucerne Group
Wattel & York
David and Desiree Wattel

79

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$

US$

-
-

18,995
3,413

126,703 
-
92,542 

275,404 
4,400
-

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 34. Related party transactions (continued)

Loans to/from related parties
There were no loans to or from related parties at the current and previous reporting date, except for the facilities with the 
Lucerne Group and the NHF Vendors/Founders as detailed in note 23. Diane Jones was also a convertible note holder as 
detailed in the Directors' Report.

There were also borrowings factored into the sale of the Litigation funding business to Legal Equity Partners Pty Limited, 
as detailed in note 11 ‘Discontinued operations’.

Terms and conditions
All transactions were made on normal commercial terms and conditions and at market rates.

Note 35. Parent entity information

Set out below is the supplementary information about the parent entity.

Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

(Loss)/profit after income tax

Total comprehensive (loss)/income

Statement of financial position

Total current assets

Total assets

Total current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net (liabilities)/assets

Equity

Issued capital
Capitalising converting notes
Foreign currency reserve
Share-based payments reserve
Accumulated losses

Total (deficiency)/equity

Parent
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(109,317)

10,155 

(109,317)

10,155 

Parent
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

3,418 

2,577 

3,401 

85,461 

47,880 

49,913 

49,439 

51,411 

(46,038)

34,050 

59,353 
13,933 
8,524 
6,044 
(133,892)

40,924 
-  
(3,646)
5,996 
(9,224)

(46,038)

34,050 

Guarantees entered into by the parent entity in relation to the debts of its subsidiaries
Except as described in note 23 and note 32, the parent entity had no guarantees in relation to the debts of its subsidiaries 
as at 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2019.

Contingent liabilities
The parent entity had no contingent liabilities as at 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2019 other than those disclosed 
in note 32.

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 35. Parent entity information (continued)

Capital commitments - Property, plant and equipment
The  parent  entity  had  no  capital  commitments  for  property,  plant  and  equipment  as  at  31  December  2020  and  31 
December 2019.

Significant accounting policies
The accounting policies of the parent entity are consistent with those of the Group, as disclosed in note 2, except for the 
following:
●
●

Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for at cost, less any impairment, in the parent entity.
Dividends received from subsidiaries are recognised as other income by the parent entity and its receipt may be an 
indicator of an impairment of the investment.

Note 36. Interests in subsidiaries

The  consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the  assets,  liabilities  and  results  of  the  following  subsidiaries  in 
accordance with the accounting policy described in note 2:

Name

JustKapital Financing Pty Limited
JustKapital Litigation Pty Limited
JustKapital Litigation Insurance Pty Limited
JustKapital Co-Funding No 1 Pty Limited
JustKapital Portfolio Pty Limited
JustKapital STL Pty Limited
JustKapital NHF USA Holdings, LLC
JustKapital NHF Holdings Pty Limited
National Health Finance HoldCo, LLC

Subsidiaries of National Health Finance HoldCo, 
LLC
Accident Medical Funding, LLC
Apex Injury Network, LLC
Arizona Injury Medical Specialists, LLC
Ark-La-Tex Injury Network, LLC
Atlanta Health Funding, LLC
Auto Medical Funding, LLC
Bakersfield Injury Network, LLC
Balboa Medical Funding, LLC
Bay Area Medical Finance, LLC
Bayou Health Finance, LLC
California Health Finance, LLC
California Legal Medical Funding, LLC
Central Coast Injury Network, LLC
Classic City Injury Solutions, LLC
Coast Medical Finance, LLC
Complete Health Network, LLC
Cordova Injury Network, LLC
Desert Sky Medical Funding, LLC
DFW Medical Finance, LLC
East Bay Medical Finance, LLC
Florida Healthcare Finance, LLC
Fresno Injury Treatment Network, LLC
Georgia Injury Treatment Network, LLC
Great Salt Lake Medical Finance, LLC
Greater Houston Medical Funding, LLC
GTI Medical Funding, LLC

Principal place of business /
Country of incorporation

Ownership interest
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

%

%

Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
USA
Australia
USA

USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA

81

100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 

100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 

71.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
99.00% 
50.50% 
68.00% 
72.50% 
72.50% 
75.00% 
48.50% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
90.50% 
72.50% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
71.50% 
89.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 

71.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
99.00% 
50.50% 
68.00% 
72.50% 
72.50% 
75.00% 
48.50% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
90.50% 
72.50% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
71.50% 
89.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 36. Interests in subsidiaries (continued)

Name

HALO Medical Funding, LLC
Healthcare Affiliates of Florida, LLC
Hospital Capital Partners, LLC
Illinois Injury Solutions, LLC
Injury Health Alliance, LLC
Injury Medical Network, LLC
Inland Empire Medical Funding, LLC
Kentucky Injury Network, LLC
Lone Star Lien Solutions, LLC
Louisiana HealthNet Solutions, LLC
Medical Financial Group, LLC
Metroplex Medical Finance, LLC
Monument Medical Funding, LLC
Mountain Medical Finance, LLC
Mountain West Medical Funding, LLC
MSP Payment Solutions, LLC
Nashville Injury Network, LLC
National Health Finance DM, LLC
National Health Finance of Florida, LLC
National Health Finance of Florida 2, LLC
National Health Finance WA, LLC
National Medical Finance & Assistance, LLC
Nevada Health Finance, LLC
Nevada Medical Concierge Services, LLC
Nevada Orthopedic and Spinal Financing, LLC
New Mexico Health Finance, LLC
New Mexico Medical Financing, LLC
North Carolina Health Finance, LLC
North Texas Medical Finance, LLC
Northern Florida Medical Finance, LLC
NW Health Network, LLC
Odessa Health Finance, LLC
Oklahoma Health Finance, LLC
Oklahoma Injury Network, LLC
Oklahoma Injury Solutions, LLC
Old Pueblo Medical Financing of Delaware, LLC
Old Pueblo Medical Financing, LLC
ONYX Medical Funding Group, LLC
Pennsylvania Healthcare Finance, LLC
Physicians Accident Injury Network, LLC
Pikes Peak Medical Funding, LLC
Premier Medical Review, LLC
Red River Medical Funding, LLC
Rocky Mountain Medical Finance, LLC
San Fernando Injury Network, LLC
Silver State Surgical Solutions, LLC
Smash Medical Funding, LLC
SMD Medical Finance, LLC
Southern California Injury Treatment Network, LLC
Southern Idaho Medical Funding, LLC
Southwest Injury Solutions, LLC
Southwest Medical Financing, LLC
Surgical Capital Partners, LLC
Top Tier Injury Solutions, LLC

Principal place of business /
Country of incorporation

Ownership interest
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

%

%

USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA
USA

82

75.00% 
75.00% 
80.00% 
87.00% 
70.00% 
67.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
73.00% 
70.00% 
70.00% 
75.00% 
78.00% 
75.00% 
70.00% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
76.00% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
60.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
68.00% 
49.00% 
73.00% 
70.00% 
89.00% 
66.00% 
75.00% 
83.00% 
71.50% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
50.00% 
70.00% 
70.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
73.00% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
75.00% 
68.00% 
99.00% 
75.00% 
73.00% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
75.00% 

75.00% 
75.00% 
80.00% 
87.00% 
70.00% 
67.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
55.00% 
73.00% 
70.00% 
70.00% 
75.00% 
78.00% 
75.00% 
70.00% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
60.80% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
60.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
68.00% 
49.00% 
73.00% 
70.00% 
89.00% 
66.00% 
75.00% 
83.00% 
71.50% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
50.00% 
70.00% 
70.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
75.00% 
73.00% 
75.00% 
80.00% 
75.00% 
68.00% 
99.00% 
75.00% 
73.00% 
75.00% 
100.00% 
75.00% 

 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 36. Interests in subsidiaries (continued)

Name

Tri Cities Injury Solutions, LLC
Tristate Medical Finance, LLC
Waterleaf Medical Finance, LLC
West Coast Injury Solutions, LLC

Note 37. Cash flow information

Principal place of business /
Country of incorporation

Ownership interest

31 Dec 2020
%

31 Dec 2019
%

USA
USA
USA
USA

75.00% 
75.00% 
73.00% 
75.00% 

75.00% 
75.00% 
73.00% 
75.00% 

Reconciliation of (loss) after income tax to net cash (outflow) from operating activities

(Loss) after income tax (expense)/benefit for the year

Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation
Employee bonus provision
Employee leave provision
Interest income
Commissions payable
Interest expense
Impairment expense - short-term loans
Impairment expense - goodwill and customer relationships
Net foreign exchange differences
Fair value gain on financial liabilities

Change in operating assets and liabilities:

Decrease in other loans and receivables
Decrease/(increase) in deferred tax assets
Decrease/(increase) in prepayments
Decrease in trade and other payables
Increase in tax provision
Increase/(decrease) in provisions or employee benefits
Increase in borrowings

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

(78,136)

(23,256)

666 
-  
47 
(1,545)
(31)
8,186 
479 
42,387 
(5,434)
(19,602)

25,938 
12,579 
47 
(1,632)
755 
74 
3,755 

591 
305 
29 
370 
(217)
9,769 
458 
-  
477 
-  

1,777 
(5,790)
(98)
(2,326)
804 
(2)
3,120 

Net cash (outflow) from operating activities

(11,467)

(13,989)

The comparatives above have been realigned in accordance with the restatements in note 4.

Non-cash investing and financing activities

Additions to the right-of-use assets
Shares issued (consideration for underwriting)

83

Consolidated
31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

US$'000

US$'000

-  
200 

200 

1,663 
-  

1,663 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 37. Cash flow information (continued)

Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities

Vendor 
loan - 
Australian 
disbursem
ent funding
business
US$'000

Converti - 
ble bonds
payable
US$'000

Lucerne 
Group 
combined
loan
US$'000

Lucerne 
Group 
facility - US 
medical 
lien 
funding
business
US$'000

Paradise 
Diversified 
Holdings 
Limited 
Partner-
ship
US$'000

Other NHF 
subordin- 
ated debt
US$'000

Other NHF 
subordin- 
ated debt
US$'000

Total
US$'000

824
-
(525)

23

(7)
-

3,529
-
-

-

(29)
-

8,548
2,785
-

367

(58)
-

5,238
5,660
-

732

-
492

-
4,124
(11)

50

-
-

1,150
-
-

30

-
-

1,000
-
-

-

-
-

20,289
12,569
(536)

1,202

(94)
492

315

3,500

11,642

12,122

4,163

1,180

1,000

33,922

-
-
(346)

(2,946)
-
-

(4,070)
-
-

(12,122)
550
(151)

-
2,942
(8,100)

-

-

31

-

(6,017)

339

340

998

1,131

-

16

-

-

1,233

3,684

415

-

995

-

-

-
-
-

-

230

-

-
-
-

-

-

-

(19,138)
3,492
(8,597)

(6,017)

2,578

1,502

1,410

1,000

7,742

Consolidated

Balance at 1 
January 2019
Loans received
Loans repaid
Capitalised 
interest
Exchange 
differences
Other adjustment

Balance at 31 
December 2019
Conversion to 
shares
Loans received
Loans repaid
Conversion to 
Capitalising 
Converting Note
Capitalised 
interest
Exchange 
differences

Balance at 31 
December 2020

84

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 37. Cash flow information (continued)

Other NHF 
subordin- 
ated debt
US$'000

Insurance 
financing
- Australia
US$'000

Syndicated 
acquisition 
facility
('SAF')
US$'000

SAF Side
Loan 1
US$'000

SAF Side
Loan 2
US$'000

NHF 
Founder 
Prom-
issory
Notes
US$'000

Atalaya 
Capital 
Man
-agement
US$'000

Total
US$'000

-
4,750
-

-

-

-
88
(55)

-

-

29,644
-
-

-

(248)

-
864
-

388

-

-
2,275
-

-

-

9,000
-
-

39,902
17,625
(15,924)

78,546
25,602
(15,979)

-

-

-

-

388

(248)

4,750

33

29,396

1,252

2,275

9,000

41,603

88,309

-
-

-

-
-

88
(98)

-

4
-

-
-

4,414

2,906
-

-
-

602

122
154

-
-

-

-
-

-

221
-

-
(9,000)

3,141
(27,732)

3,229
(27,830)

-

-
-

5,016

3,253
(8,846)

4,750

27

36,716

2,130

2,496

-

17,012

63,131

Consolidated

Balance at 1 
January 2019
Loans received
Loans repaid
Capitalised 
interest
Exchange 
differences
Balance at 31 
December 2019

Loans received
Loans repaid
Capitalised 
interest
Exchange 
differences
Other adjustment

Balance at 31 
December 2020

85

 
 
 
 
Paycheck 
Protection 
Program
loan
US$'000

Insurance 
financing
- USA
US$'000

Credit
cards
US$'000

Asset-
secure Pty 
Limited
loan
US$'000

Vendor 
loan - NHF
Founders
US$'000

Economic 
Injury 
Disaster 
Relief
loan
US$'000

Efficient 
Frontier
Investing
US$'000

Total
US$'000

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 37. Cash flow information (continued)

Consolidated

Balance at 1 
January 2019
Loans received
Loans repaid
Capitalised 
interest
Exchange 
differences
Balance at 31 
December 2019

Loans received
Loans repaid
Capitalised 
interest
Exchange 
differences
Other 
adjustments

Balance at 31 
December 2020

Consolidated

-
-
-

-

-

-

605
-

-

-

-

605

-
90
(35)

-

-

55

-
(55)

-

-

-

-

Balance at 1 January 2019
Leases recognised on the adoption of AASB 16
Additions
Repayment of leases
Balance at 31 December 2019

Repayment of leases
Exchange differences

Balance at 31 December 2020

Note 38. Share-based payments

414
209
(505)

-

20,028
9,903
(8,326)

12,546
-
-

-

1,171

(15)

(158)

(105)

103

21,447

13,612

-
-
-

-

-

-

-
-
-

-

-

-

32,988
10,202
(8,866)

1,171

(278)

35,217

183
(267)

3,923
(10,436)

-

-
-

-

2,083

1,322

-

(14,934)

-

-

-

150
-

25,550
(336)

30,411
(11,094)

-

-

-

52

-

-

52

3,405

(14,934)

19

17,017

-

150

25,266

43,057

Lease
liabilities
US$'000

-
27
1,663
(159)
1,531

(245)
(41)

1,245

Share options
At  the  2016  Annual  General  Meeting  held  on  30  November  2016,  shareholders  approved  for  the  Company  to  adopt  the 
JKL  Incentive  Plan  ('Incentive  Plan')  and  associated  Non-Recourse  Loan  Agreements  for  directors,  officers,  employees 
and consultants ('Participants'). The Incentive Plan, effective from 1 July 2016, replaced the previous Incentive Option Plan 
and Executive Incentive Plans ('EIP').

86

LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 38. Share-based payments (continued)

The objectives of the Incentive Plan are to:
supplement Participant remuneration;
●
ensure that the Group's remuneration policy is competitive in retaining and motivating the Participants;
●
provide  a  mechanism  for  achieving  the  Group's  overarching  remuneration  objective  of  aligning  the  interests  of 
●
Participants and shareholders; and
reward  Participants  based  on  the  Group's  overall  performance  including  achieving  successful  judgements  or 
settlements  of  individual  cases,  growth  of  the  disbursements  funding  business  (JustKapital  Finance)  and  other 
businesses and high performance.

●

Set out below are summaries of options granted under the plans:

31 Dec 2020

Grant date

Expiry date

13/03/2020
13/03/2020
13/03/2020

28/09/2021
28/09/2022
28/09/2023

Exercise 
price*

US$0.192 
US$0.307 
US$0.461 

Balance at 
the start of 
the year

Granted

Exercised

Lapsed

-
-
-
-

24,000,000
22,500,000
25,000,000
71,500,000

-
-
-
-

Balance at 
the end of 
the year

-
-
-
-

24,000,000
22,500,000
25,000,000
71,500,000

Weighted average exercise price

US$0.000

US$0.322 

US$0.000

US$0.000

US$0.000

*

Exercise price - A$0.25, A$0.40 and A$0.60 respectively.

31 Dec 2019

Grant date

Expiry date

Exercise 
price*

22/01/2016

22/01/2019

US$0.176 

Balance at 
the start of 
the year

1,500,000
1,500,000

Granted

Exercised

Lapsed

Balance at 
the end of 
the year

-
-

-
-

(1,500,000)
(1,500,000)

-
-

Weighted average exercise price

US$0.176 

US$0.000

US$0.000

US$0.000

US$0.000

*

Exercise price - A$0.25

Set out below are the options exercisable at the end of the financial year:

Grant date

Expiry date

13/03/2020
13/03/2020
13/03/2020

28/09/2021
28/09/2022
28/09/2023

31 Dec 2020 31 Dec 2019

Number

Number

24,000,000
22,500,000
25,000,000

71,500,000

-
-
-

-

The weighted average share price during the financial period was US$0.037 (2019: US$0.050).

The  weighted  average  remaining  contractual  life  of  options  outstanding  at  31  December  2020  was  1.76  years  (2019:  nil 
years).

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 38. Share-based payments (continued)

Warrants
Set out below are summaries of warrants granted on acquisition of NHF:

31 Dec 2020

Grant date

Expiry date

28/09/2018

28/09/2022

31 Dec 2019

Grant date

Expiry date

28/09/2018

28/09/2022

Exercise 
price*

Balance at 
the start of 
the year

US$0.104  452,743,636
452,743,636

Exercise 
price*

Balance at 
the start of 
the year

Granted

US$0.099  452,743,636
452,743,636

Granted

Exercised

Expired/ 
forfeited/
 other

Balance at 
the end of 
the year

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

Expired/ 
forfeited/
 other

-
-

-
-

452,743,636
452,743,636

Balance at 
the end of 
the year

452,743,636
452,743,636

Exercised

*

Exercise price at 31 Dec 2020 A$0.135 (31 Dec 2019 : A$0.135)

The weighted average remaining contractual life of warrants outstanding at 31 December 2020 was 1.75 years (2019: 2.75 
years).

For the options granted during the current financial year, the valuation model inputs used to determine the fair value at the 
grant date, are as follows:

Grant date

Expiry date

Share price
at grant date

Exercise
price

Expected
volatility

Dividend
yield

Risk-free

Fair value

interest rate at grant date

13/03/2020
13/03/2020
13/03/2020

28/09/2021
28/09/2022
28/09/2023

US$0.041 
US$0.041 
US$0.041 

US$0.192 
US$0.307 
US$0.461 

56% 
56% 
56% 

-
-
-

0.50%  US$0.0003 
0.50%  US$0.0004 
0.50%  US$0.0005 

Shares issued

There were no shares issued as share-based payments during the year ended 31 December 2020.

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
31 December 2020

Note 39. Events after the reporting period

(i) On 29 January 2021, as announced to the market, the Company entered into a definitive conditional agreement to sell 

JustKapital Litigation Pty Ltd (and its subsidiaries) for A$1, plus conditional proceeds equal to:

● 50% of the net proceeds received from one of the funded cases; and
● 50% of any excess proceeds after repayment of the secured debt.

For  the  purposes  of  financial  reporting,  management  has  assumed  the  value  of  the  conditional  component  of  the 
sales  proceeds  to  have  nil  value.  Management  is  in  the  process  of  satisfying  conditions  precedent  under  the  sale 
agreement  including  holding  an  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  for  shareholders  to  approve  the  transaction.  Grant 
Thornton have prepared an Independent Expert’s Report (‘IER’) which had concluded the transaction to be fair and 
reasonable  and  in  the  best  interest  of  shareholders. This  IER  is  currently  being  updated  based  on  recent  positive 
developments, as announced to the market on 24 March 2021. The terms of the agreement are being reconsidered in 
parallel  with  Grant  Thornton’s  work.  The  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  to  obtain  shareholder  approval  for  the 
transaction has been postponed until further notice.

(ii)

In  February  2021  AssetSecure  Pty  Ltd,  being  the  asset-backed  lender  to  JustKapital  Financing  Pty  Ltd,  formally 
agreed to amend terms of the facility to allow originations to recommence albeit in a reduced capacity of A$2-3 million
subject to their own internal periodic reviews. AssetSecure Pty Ltd’s internal lending mandate has changed and the 
Directors  envisage  refinancing  this  facility  with  a  new  lender  by  the  end  of  June  2021.  There  are  continuing 
defaults under the Receivables Purchase Agreement which the borrower is seeking to resolve.

No  other matter or circumstance has  arisen since  31 December 2020 that has  significantly affected, or  may significantly 
affect the Group's operations, the results of those operations, or the Group's state of affairs in future financial years.

89

LawFinance Limited
Directors' declaration
31 December 2020

In the directors' opinion:

●

●

●

●

the  attached  financial  statements  and  notes  comply  with  the  Corporations  Act  2001,  the  Accounting  Standards,  the 
Corporations Regulations 2001 and other mandatory professional reporting requirements;

the attached financial statements and notes comply with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the
International Accounting Standards Board as described in note 2 to the financial statements;

the  attached  financial  statements  and  notes  give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the  Group's  financial  position  as  at  31 
December 2020 and of its performance for the financial year ended on that date; and

there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become due 
and payable as stated in the Going Concern section of note 2 to the financial statements.

The directors have been given the declarations required by section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001.

Signed in accordance with a resolution of directors made pursuant to section 295(5)(a) of the Corporations Act 2001.

On behalf of the directors

___________________________
Tim Storey
Chairman

31 March 2021
Sydney

90

Stantons International Audit and Consulting Pty Ltd  
trading as 

Chartered Accountants and Consultants 

PO Box 1908 
West Perth WA 6872 
Australia 

Level 2, 1 Walker Avenue 
West Perth WA 6005 
Australia 

Tel: +61 8 9481 3188 
Fax: +61 8 9321 1204 

ABN: 84 144 581 519 
www.stantons.com.au 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 
TO THE MEMBERS OF  
LAWFINANCE LIMITED 

Report on the Audit of the Financial Report  

Opinion 

We have audited the financial report of Lawfinance Limited the Company and its subsidiaries (“the Group”), which 
comprises the consolidated statement of financial position as at 31 December 2020, the consolidated statement of 
profit  or  loss  and  other  comprehensive  income,  the  consolidated  statement  of  changes  in  equity  and  the 
consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements, including a 
summary of significant accounting policies, and the directors' declaration. 

In our opinion, the accompanying financial report of the  Group is in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, 
including: 

(i) 

giving a true and fair view of the  Group’s financial position as at 31 December 2020 and of its financial 
performance for the year then ended; and 

(ii) 

complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001. 

Basis for Opinion 

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  Australian  Auditing  Standards.  Our  responsibilities  under  those 
standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report section of our 
report.  We  are  independent  of  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  auditor  independence  requirements  of  the 
Corporations Act 2001 and the ethical requirements of the Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board's 
APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including Independence Standards) that are relevant to our 
audit of the financial report in Australia. We have also fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
the Code. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Material Uncertainty Relating to Going Concern  

Without modifying our audit opinion expressed above, attention is drawn to the following matter. 

We draw your attention to note 2 (Going concern - material uncertainty) and note 23 (Borrowings) of the financial 
report which states that the financial report has been prepared on a going concern basis and describes the events 
which give rise to the existence of a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the Group’s ability to 
continue as a going concern.  

As  at  31  December  2020  the  Group  had  a  working  capital  deficiency  of  US$92,923,000  (31  Dec  2019: 
US$90,187,000), cash and cash equivalents of US$4,900,000 (31 Dec 2019: US$5,777,000) and incurred a loss 
after tax for the year amounting to US$78,136,000 (2019: US$23,256,000). As at 31 December 2020 the Syndicated 
acquisition  facility  of  US$36,716,000,  Assetsecure  Pty  Limited  facility  US$17,017,000  and  the  Atalaya  Capital 

Liability limited by a scheme approved  
under Professional Standards Legislation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management loan of US$17,012,000 had breached convents and been reclassified as current liabilities (refer note 
23).  

The ability of the Group to continue as a going concern is subject to the Group realising cashflows from collecting 
its  outstanding  disbursement  receivables  books  in  accordance  with  its  budgeted  cashflows  and  completing  its 
recapitalisation plans as outlined in note 2 (Going concern - material uncertainty) of the financial report. 

 In the event that the Board does not successfully realise cashflows from  collecting its outstanding disbursement 
receivables books in accordance with its budgeted cashflows, successfully complete its recapitalisation plans as 
outlined  in  note  2  (Going  concern  -  material  uncertainty),  the  Group  may  not  be  able  to  realise  its  assets  and 
discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business and/or as and when they fall due.  

In particular we draw your attention to notes 14 (Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss – Australia) and 
15 (Financial assets at amortised cost – USA) of the financial report which discloses the carrying value of financial 
assets at fair value through profit or loss of US$16,123,000 (2019:  US$22,183,000) and the carrying value of the 
financial  assets  at  amortised  cost  of  US$53,253,000  (2019:    US$73,131,000).  These  financial  assets  may  be 
significantly impaired if the recapitalisation plans of the group as outlined in note 2 are not completed. 

Key Audit Matters 

In  addition  to  the  matter  described  in  the  Material  Uncertainty  Related  to  Going  Concern  section,  we  have 
determined the matters described below to be Key Audit Matters to be communicated in our report.  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our  audit of 
the financial report of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial 
report as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

Key Audit Matters 

How the matter was addressed in the audit 

Classification and measurement of financial 
assets  

As  at  31  December  2020,  Financial  Assets  totalled 
US$69,376,000 (refer to Note 14 (Financial assets at 
fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  –  Australia  and  15 
(Financial assets at amortised cost – USA)). 

in 

the 

financial  assets  balance 

Included 
is 
US$16,123,000  in  relation  to  the  Group’s  Australian 
to  as 
disbursement/funding  Business 
JustKapital  Financing  Pty  Limited 
(“JKF”).These 
financial assets are held at fair value though profit or 
loss  

referred 

in 

the 

financial  assets  balance 

is 
Included 
US$53,253,000 in relation to the Group’s Medical Lien 
disbursement/funding  Business  referred  to  as  Nation 
Health  Finance  (“NHF”).These  financial  assets  are 
held at amortised cost after impairment gains/losses.  

This  is  considered  to  be  a  key  audit  matter  due  to 
significance of the balance and this required significant 
judgement in the valuation and classification  of these 
financial assets. 

Inter alia, our audit procedures included the following: 

i.  Tested  the  valuation  models  provided  by  the 
management,  assessing  the  design  of  the  model 
and  its  various  inputs.  We  have  also  critically 
assessed the assumptions used in the valuation by 
comparing  to  historical  data  in  the  accounting 
records; 

ii.  We  completed  substantive  testing  on  a  sample 
basis of the transactions within the valuation model 
including additions during the period; 

iii.  Tested for impairments and requested adjustments 

to carrying value of assets as required; 

iv.  Obtained confirmations, tested on a sample basis, 

of individual financial assets; and 

v.  Assessed whether the disclosures included in the 
financial  report  were  in  accordance  with  the 
requirements  of  AASB  9  Financial  Instruments: 
Disclosures.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key Audit Matters 

How the matter was addressed in the audit 

Carrying Value/Impairment of Goodwill  

The  carrying  value  of  Goodwill  as  at  31  December 
2020 was US$40,906,000 prior to impairment. 

Inter alia, our audit procedures included the following: 

The  company  recognised  an  impairment  charge  of 
US$40,906,000  for  Goodwill  during  the  period  ended 
31  December 
Associated  Customer 
relationships  of  US$1,481,000  were  also  impaired  in 
the same period.  

2020. 

The  carrying  value/Impairment  of  Goodwill  is  a  key 
audit matter due to: 

▪  The  significance  of  the  Goodwill  representing 

24% of total assets in the prior year;  

▪  The  necessity 

to  assess  management’s 
application of the requirements of the accounting 
standards, 
to 
impairment test at each reporting period; and 

requirement 

including 

the 

I. 

II. 

III. 

Challenged  management  on  their  historical 
budgets  and  its  application  to  the  impairment 
models; 

Reviewed the company’s breaches of lending 
covenants and its implications to the future 
cashflows; 

Agreed  to  management’s  assessment  to  fully 
impair 
Customer 
relationships given the uncertainties outlined in 
points i and ii ; and 

Goodwill/Associated 

IV. 

Reviewed  the  disclosures  included  in  the 
annual report (refer note 20 Goodwill). 

▪  The assessment of significant judgements made 
by  management  in  relation  to  the  impairment 
review. 

Discontinued Operations  

The loss from Discontinued Operations was 
US$7,440,000 (31 December 2019 -US$177,000). 

Inter alia, our audit procedures included the following: 

On  29  January  2021  the  Company  entered  into  a 
definitive  conditional  agreement  to  sell  JustKapital 
Litigation  Pty  Ltd  (and  its  subsidiaries)  for  A$1,  plus 
conditional proceeds equal to: 50% of the net proceeds 
received from one of the funded cases; and 50% of any 
excess proceeds after repayment of the secured debt 
(refer to Note 11 Discontinued operations).  

We determined this to be a key audit matter given the 
materiality  of  the  amount  involved  together  with  the 
level of judgement required in assessing the final sale 
price which is subject to conditional proceeds. 

As  at  the  date  of  this  report  the  transaction  is  still  to 
complete. 

I. 

II. 

III. 

IV. 

Restatement/Impairment of Vendor Loans 

Reviewed  agreement 
Litigation Pty Limited; 

to  sell  Juskapital 

Tested  determination  of Assets held for Sale 
and Associated liabilities;  

Reviewed  management’s  assessment  of  the 
value of the conditional component of the sales 
proceeds to have nil value; and 

Reviewed  the  disclosures  included  in  the 
in  accordance  with 
annual 
accounting 
11 
Discontinued operations). 

report  were 

standards 

(refer 

note 

Founder 

The write down of the Vendor loan - NHF Founders and 
NHF 
totalling 
Promissory 
US$19,602,000 were subject to shareholder approval, 
which  was  obtained  at  the  Extraordinary  General 
Meeting held on 10 March 2020 (Note 4 Restatement 
of comparatives). 

Notes 

As  at  31  December  2019  the  company  had  impaired 
the  loans  as  they  had  agreed  all  terms  with  Vendor. 
However due to advice received in FY20 the Directors 
restated the FY19 comparatives to reflect the fact that 
transaction  had  not  completed  as  at  the  prior  year 
reporting date.  

We determined this to be a key audit matter given the 
materiality of the amount involved. 

Inter alia, our audit procedures included the following: 

I. 

II. 

III. 

Reviewed  original  agreements  to  write  off 
loans; 

Reviewed client’s calculations for Restatement 
and impairment in FY20. 

Reviewed  the  disclosures  included  in  the 
in  accordance  with 
annual 
accounting 
4 
Restatement of comparatives). 

report  were 

standards 

(refer 

note 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Information  

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in 
the Group’s annual report for the year ended 31 December 2020, but does not include the financial report and our 
auditor’s report thereon.  

Our opinion on the financial report does not cover the other information and accordingly we do not express any form 
of assurance opinion thereon.  

In connection with our audit of the financial report, our responsibility is to read the other information  and, in doing 
so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  report  or  our  knowledge 
obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed, we 
conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have 
nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of the Directors for the Financial Report 

The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair 
view  in  accordance  with  Australian  Accounting  Standards  and  the  Corporations  Act  2001  and  for  such  internal 
control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and 
fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial report, the directors are responsible for assessing the ability of the Group to continue as 
a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting  unless  the  directors  either  intend  to  liquidate  the  Group  or  to  cease  operations,  or  has  no  realistic 
alternative but to do so. 

Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial report as a whole is free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable 
assurance  is  a  high  level  of  assurance,  but  is  not  a  guarantee  that  an  audit  conducted  in  accordance  with  the 
Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected 
to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of this financial report. 

As  part  of  an  audit  in  accordance  with  Australian  Auditing  Standards,  we  exercise  professional  judgement  and 
maintain  professional  scepticism  throughout  the  audit.  An  audit  involves  performing  procedures  to  obtain  audit 
evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial report. 

The  procedures  selected  depend  on  the  auditor's  judgement,  including  the  assessment  of  the  risks  of  material 
misstatement of the financial report, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor 
considers internal control relevant to the entity's preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair view in 
order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an 
opinion on the effectiveness of the entity's internal control. 

The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as 
fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

An  audit  also  includes  evaluating  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies  used  and  the  reasonableness  of 
accounting estimates made by the Directors, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial report. 

We conclude on the appropriateness of the Directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on 
the  audit evidence obtained, whether a  material uncertainty  exists  related  to  events  or conditions  that may  cast 
significant doubt on the Group's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty 
exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the financial report or, if 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained 
up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue 
as a going concern. 

We evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial report, including the disclosures, and 
whether  the  financial  report  represents  the  underlying  transactions  and  events  in  a  manner  that  achieves  fair 
presentation. 

We  obtain  sufficient  appropriate  audit  evidence  regarding  the  financial  information  of  the  entities  or  business 
activities  within  the  Group  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  financial  report.  We  are  responsible  for  the  direction, 
supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. 

We communicate with the Directors regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and 
significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in Internal control that we identify during our audit. 

The Auditing Standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements relating to audit engagements. 
We also provide the Directors with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding 
independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought 
to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

From the matters communicated with the Directors, we determine those matters that were of most significance in 
the audit of the financial report of the current period and are therefore key audit matters. We describe these matters 
in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely 
rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse 
consequences  of  doing  so  would  reasonably  be  expected  to  outweigh  the  public  interest  benefits  of  such 
communication. 

Report on the Remuneration Report  

Opinion on the Remuneration Report  

We have audited the Remuneration Report included in pages 8 to 17 of the directors’ report for the year ended 31 
December 2020. 

In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of Lawfinance Limited for the year ended 31 December 2020 complies with 
section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. 

Responsibilities 

The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the Remuneration Report in 
accordance  with  section  300A  of  the  Corporations  Act  2001.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the 
Remuneration Report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. 

STANTONS INTERNATIONAL AUDIT AND CONSULTING PTY LTD 
(Trading as Stantons International) 
(An Authorised Audit Company) 

Samir Tirodkar 
Director 
West Perth, Western Australia 
31 March 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Shareholder information
31 December 2020

The shareholder information set out below was applicable as at 29 March 2021.

Distribution of equity securities
Analysis of number of equity security holders by size of holding:

1 to 1,000
1,001 to 5,000
5,001 to 10,000
10,001 to 100,000
100,001 and over

Holding less than a marketable parcel

Equity security holders

Ordinary shares

Options over ordinary 
shares

Number
of holders

% of total
shares
issued

Number
of holders

% of total
shares
issued

39
15
54
289
296

693

243

-
-
0.04
1.01
98.95

100.00

-

-
-
-
-
2

2

-

-
-
-
-
100.00

100.00

-

Twenty largest quoted equity security holders
The names of the twenty largest security holders of quoted equity securities are listed below:

Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited
National Nominees Limited
Mr Mark Siegel
Mr David Wattel
J P Morgan Nominees Australia Pty Limited
Washington H Soul Pattinson & Company Limited
Principis Master Fund SPC (Lucerne Composite Master A/c)
Principis Master Fund SPC (Lucerne Comp Mast Fund SP)
Factotum Group Pty Limited (Factotum Partners A/c)
Australian Philanthropic Services Foundation Pty Limited (APS Foundation A/c)
Aquasia Pty Limited (Aquasia Private Invest A/c)
Barbright Australia Pty Ltd (Interquartz Super Fund A/c)
Mr John Herbert Bannister
National Nominees Limited
Litigation Management Pty Limited
J F Byrnes Super Pty Ltd (Argoon Avenue S/F A/c)
Kesor Pty Limited (Sorensen Superfund A/c)
Ms Snezana Bowden
Efficient Frontier Investments SA
Mr Jason Maxwell Yu

Ordinary shares

Number held

% of total 
shares
issued

144,233,412
113,420,169
107,548,702
107,548,701
66,000,000
43,750,000
43,047,018
40,000,000
25,300,000
20,000,001
20,000,000
19,000,000
16,963,146
16,079,831
13,140,625
8,618,182
8,400,000
8,300,000
8,000,000
7,700,000

837,049,787

12.33
9.69
9.19
9.19
5.64
3.74
3.68
3.42
2.16
1.71
1.71
1.62
1.45
1.37
1.12
0.74
0.72
0.71
0.68
0.66

71.53

96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LawFinance Limited
Shareholder information
31 December 2020

Unquoted equity securities (options)

Options – exercisable at A$0.25 cent before 28 September 2021
Options – exercisable at A$0.40 cent before 28 September 2022
Options – exercisable at A$0.60 cent before 28 September 2023

Substantial holders
Substantial holders in the Company are set out below:

Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited
National Nominees Limited
Mr Mark Siegel
Mr David Wattel
J P Morgan Nominees Australia Pty Limited

Voting rights
The voting rights attached to ordinary shares are set out below:

Number
on issue

Number
of holders

24,000,000
22,500,000
25,000,000

2
2
2

Ordinary shares

Number held

144,233,412
113,420,169
107,548,702
107,548,701
66,000,000

% of total 
shares
issued

12.33
9.69
9.19
9.19
5.64

Ordinary shares
On a show of hands every member present at a meeting in person or by proxy shall have one vote and upon a poll each 
share shall have one vote.

Warrants

Details

Warrants issued to other Syndicated Acquisition 
Facility participants
Warrants issued to NHF Founders

Securities subject to voluntary escrow

Details

Escrowed director and KMP shares related to the 
purchase of NHF

Number 
of warrants

329,880,000
122,863,636

452,743,636

Number 
of shares

215,097,403

97