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Delek Logistics Partners

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FY2022 Annual Report · Delek Logistics Partners
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1 

 
 
 
 
DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

AS OF 31 DECEMBER 2022 

EUROS IN THOUSANDS 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEX 

Chairman's Statement  

Company Information  

Information on the Board of Directors 

Professional Advisers   

Directors’ Report 

Chairman’s Statement on Corporate Governance 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

Independent Auditors' Report 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

3 

Page 

4-6 

7 

8 

9 

10-13 

14-20 

21 

22-23 

24-25 

26 

27 

28-29 

30-59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Summary 

The  Palm  Oil  Operation  experienced  a  surge  in  CPO  prices  during  2022,  reaching  unprecedented  levels.    This 

significantly  contributed  to  our  financial  performance  during  a  period  of  very  low  production  due  to  an 

atypically  weak  high  season.  Additionally,  our  mill  operations  performed  well  demonstrated  by  the  improved 

CPO extraction rate and effective operating cost management, despite global inflation. These factors collectively 

established a solid foundation that allowed the Palm Oil Operation to achieve a strong EBITDA of €4.6m. 

The Cashew Operation achieved notable progress during 2022 including first production and first sales revenue, 

despite equipment delays resulting in a much longer than expected commission phase and a net loss of €2.3m. 

With all key equipment on site prior to year end, commercial production is now well underway and we believe 

that the financial performance of the Cashew Operation will significantly improve during 2023. 

Palm Oil Operation 

CPO production volumes started well in January 2022, however, the expected high season, which typically peaks 

from February through May did not materialize as usual. Consequently, this marked the weakest high season in 

the Company's history. It is important to note that this decline in production was experienced across the region. 

Nonetheless,  local  experts  anticipated  that  this  variation  is  temporary,  and  we  have  seen  a  significant 

improvement in the 2023 high season so far. 

We  achieved  record  prices  for  CPO  and  PKO  in  2022  as  global  inflationary  pressures  post  Covid-19  created 

supply constraints which was compounded by the war in Ukraine which hampered the supply of sunflower oil, a 

substitution for CPO.  We saw some easing in the global supply constraints as the year progressed and CPO prices 

softened to around $US1,000 towards the end of 2022, still well above the long term CPO price average of around 

€800  per  tonne.    We  anticipate  CPO  prices  may  soften  further  as  2023  progresses  although  to  this  point,  CPO 

prices remain above historical averages and supportive of a strong 2023 year of financial performance.  Whilst 

seasonal  and  annual  variations  in  CPO  prices  are  inevitable,  we  remain  positive  on  the  medium  to  long  term 

outlook for CPO prices given challengers bringing more supply to the market and demand side robustness due to 

the necessity nature of vegetable oils and therefore CPO, the largest consumed vegetable oil world-wide.  

After  a  lengthy  consultation  period,  the  Roundtable  on  Sustainable  Palm  Oil  (‘RSPO’)  finally  provided  a  clear 

pathway  in  H2  2022  of  the  information  required  to  complete  the  Company  estates  audit  and  we  are  now 

preparing  the  works  required  with  the  objective  of  completing  the  audits  of  the  Palm  Oil  Mill  and  Company 

estates at the same time.  The two key final reports requested by RSPO for the estates audit were a LUCA (land 

use  change  analysis)  and  HCV-HCS  (High  Conservation  Value  –  High  Carbon  Stock)  assessment.    Both  reports 

were commissioned post period end in early 2023 and we expect to receive these reports in early Q3 2023.  With 

these reports completed we will be able to engage RSPO auditors to complete the audit and we will update the 

market as soon as this audit process has commenced. 

Cashew Operation 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Cashew Operation achieved key milestones in 2022 including first production and first sales.  However, the 

ramp in production has been hindered by supplier delays including the sorting and shelling equipment delivery 

being well behind schedule from the Italian supplier.  The Company attempted to mitigate delays by taking over 

the logistics of shipment directly rather than await consolidation  in Italy by  the Cashew operation vendor and 

utilising substitute shelling equipment in order to continue the testing and commissioning of the entire Cashew 

Operation.  Now with all key equipment now on site we commenced commercial production including the first 

quarterly market reporting.  We expect a material  improvement in production in 2023 and strong progression 

towards  the  Cashew  Operation  becoming  a  positive  contributor  to  group  profitability  after  reporting  a  €2.3 

million net loss in 2022. 

The  Directors  firmly  believe  that,  given  time,  the  Cashew  Operation  has  the  potential  to  surpass  the  Palm  Oil 

Operation in terms of profit contribution to the Group. Our approach to the development of the Cashew project 

allows for significant capacity expansion within a short period. With a nameplate capacity of 15,000 tonnes per 

annum (‘tpa’), the plant's production can be increased by 50% at no additional cost by adding a third shift, thus 

reaching  a  production  capacity  of  15,000tpa.  Moreover,  with  a  capital  expenditure  of  €5-6  million,  the  mill's 

capacity  can  be  doubled  to  30,000tpa,  which  the  Directors  estimate  could  generate  approximately  €35-40 

million in annual revenues based on current prices. 

Other Projects 

While we have future expansion plans, including the processing of a third commodity and clean energy 

initiatives, these projects are currently on hold as we prioritize the ramp up of the Cashew Operation, which we 

believe will play a pivotal role in enhancing the Group's financial performance in 2023 and beyond. 

Group Financial Performance 

A summary of the  Group financial performance for FY2022, in addition to the comparatives for the previous 5 

years, is outlined in the table below. 

FY2022 

FY2021 

FY 2020 

FY 2019 

FY 2018 

FY 2017 

FFB collected (tonnes) 

116,733 

190,020 

154,151 

176,019 

146,036 

171,696 

CPO production (tonnes) 

25,751 

39,953 

34,002 

37,649 

33,077 

38,736 

CPO sales (tonnes) 

26,016 

39,092 

34,008 

37,713 

32,692 

38,373 

Average CPO price per tonne 

€1,025 

€868 

€602 

€491 

€542 

€680 

Total Revenue (all products)  

€31.2m 

€37.4m 

€22.5m 

€20.9m 

€20.9m 

€30.2m 

Gross Margin 

€5.1m 

€6.5m 

€2.3m 

€1.7m 

€1.7m 

€6.9m 

Gross Margin % 

16.7% 

17.4% 

10.2% 

8.1% 

8.3% 

 22.8% 

Overheads  

€3.9m 

€3.8m 

€2.8m 

€3.2m 

€3.2m 

€3.6m 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA 

EBITDA % 

€2.7m 

€4.8m 

€1.2m 

€0.2m 

(€0.2m) 

€4.5m 

9.3% 

12.8% 

5.3% 

1.0% 

- 

14.9% 

Net Profit / (Loss) After Tax 

(€1.3m) 

€0.6m 

(€2.2m) 

(€3.3m) 

(€3.3m) 

€1.6m 

Net Profit / (Loss) After Tax % 

- 

1.6% 

- 

- 

- 

5.3% 

Total Assets 

€54.7m 

€51.7m 

€43.3m 

€33.6m 

€33.4m 

€33.9m 

Total Liabilities  

€39.4m 

€35.5m 

€30.8m 

€20.8m 

€21.8m 

€19.2m 

Total Equity 

€15.3m 

€16.3m 

€12.5m 

€12.8m 

€11.6m 

€14.7m 

Palm Oil Operation 

• 

Strong  EBITDA  of  €4.6m  delivered  from  the  Ayenouan  palm  oil  plant  in  Côte  d’Ivoire  (‘Palm  Oil 

Operation’)  primarily  driven  by  record  Crude  Palm  Oil  (‘CPO’)  and  Palm  Kernel  Oil  Pricing  (‘PKO’) 

offsetting a historically low Fresh Fruit Bunch (‘FFB’) harvesting year:  

o  18.4% decrease in revenues to €30.5m (2020: €37.4m)  - includes sale of CPO, Palm Kernel Oil 

('PKO'), Palm Kernel Cake ('PKC') and Nursery Plants 

o  Gross margin increased by 9.2% to 19.0% (2021: 17.4%) 

o  2022 EBITDA of €4.6m (2021: €5.2m)  

o  Net profit after tax of €1.1m (2020: €1.0m)  

Cashew Operation 

•  First year of cashew pilot production commenced and first year of sales achieved of €0.7m 

•  Cashew Operation operating loss of €2.3m recorded for 2022 during the commissioning process 

• 

Significant improvement in financial results expected in 2023 as commercial production ramps up 

Outlook 

Looking ahead, with the Palm Oil Operation currently experience a rebound in production quantities and prices 

continuing  to  remain  high  the  short  term  outlook  for  this  operation  is  positive.    In  addition,  with  the  Cashew 

operation  is  now  transitioning  towards  a  consistent  and  growing  financial  contributor  to  the  Group's 

performance, we remain on track to deliver a record financial performance in 2023. 

I  extend  my  gratitude  to  the  Board,  Management,  employees,  and  advisors  for  their  support  and  hard  work 

throughout the year. 

Andrew Tillery 

Non-Executive Chairman 

Date: 27 June 2023 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION 

Directors  

Andrew James Tillery, Non-Executive Chairman 

Youval Rasin, Chief Executive Officer 

Yehoshua Shai Kol, Chief Financial Officer 

Lincoln John Moore, Executive Director 

Aristide Achybrou, Non-Executive Director  

Secretary 

Absolute Trust Nominees Ltd 

Registered Office 

38 Agias Fylaxeos, Nicolas Court 

First Floor, Office 101 

P.C. 3025  

Company Registration    

HE 210981 

Country of Incorporation 

Cyprus 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INFORMATION ON THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

Andrew Tillery, Non-Executive Chairman 

Mr  Tillery  is  an  experienced  project  manager  and  investment  executive  with  over  25  years’  operational 

management and private equity experience in Africa and other emerging markets. This includes eight years 

(1996-2003) as a CEO in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa where he had responsibility for managing a group of oil 

palm operations and also founding a natural rubber business. Mr Tillery has  an MA and MSc from Oxford 

University, an MBA from the University of Chicago and worked with CDC Group Plc (the UK Government 

development  finance  institution)  from  1989  until  2004.  Following  this  he  spent  several  years  in  emerging 

markets  investment  management.  He  is  currently  on  the  board  of  a  number  of  African  agribusiness  and 

adviser to several agribusiness investment funds in sub-Saharan Africa.  

Youval Rasin, Chief Executive Officer 

Mr Rasin is the co-founder of Dekel and has held senior management positions in various companies within 

the Rina Group, a family holding company with diverse interests including agriculture, mining and hotels in 

Africa and Europe. By profession, Mr Rasin is a qualified lawyer and has been active in Côte d’Ivoire since 

2002, with 10 years’ experience in agro-industrial projects including 14 years in the palm oil industry with 

Dekel. 

Yehoshua Shai Kol, Deputy CEO and Chief Financial Officer 

Mr Kol is the co-founder of Dekel. By profession, Mr Kol is a Chartered Accountant, and has an MBA from 

Tel  Aviv  University.  Mr  Kol  worked  for  13  years  in  finance,  with  significant  business  &  international 

exposure. Mr Kol is a former employee of KPMG Corporate Finance and Professional Practice. He was also 

the Financial Director for Europe, Middle East and Africa for an international software company, Director of 

Finance and Business Development for Yellow Pages Ltd in Israel, during which time he led fund raising 

and M&A. 

Lincoln John Moore, Executive Director 

For the past 12 years Mr Moore has been actively involved in establishing and developing oil palm projects 

in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Côte d’Ivoire. Mr Moore was the former Chief Financial Officer of Sierra Leone 

Agriculture Ltd until September 2011 and a co-founder and former director of Ragnar Capital Ltd.  He has 

played key roles in raising funding and developing early stage oil palm projects in West Africa. Mr Moore is 

a Chartered Accountant and former senior manager in the restructuring division of Deloitte.  

Aristide (“Aris”) C. Achy Brou, Non-Executive Director 

Over the last 20 years Aristide has held senior positions in the commodity and derivative trading divisions at 

Citadel, British Petroleum, JP Morgan and Goldman Sachs. A native of Côte d’Ivoire, Aristide and his 

family have been involved in rubber plantations and processing operations in the country for over 40 years. 

Aristide grew up in both France and Côte d’Ivoire and after graduating from the leading aerospace 

engineering school in France, he moved to the US where he obtained a Master of Science at MIT and 

received a PhD in Applied Statistics from Johns Hopkins University. Additionally, he holds an MBA from 

the Wharton Business School, with a focus on Finance and Operational Management of Corporations. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
PROFESSIONAL ADVISERS 

Nominated Adviser and Joint Broker 

Joint Brokers  

Auditor 

Solicitors 

WH Ireland Limited 

24 Martin Lane,  

London EC4R 0DR 

Optiva Securities Limited 

49 Berkeley Square, Mayfair 

London W1J 5AZ 

Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer 

(a member of Ernst & Young Global) 

3 Aminadav St. 

Tel-Aviv 67067 

Israel 

Hill Dickinson LLP 

The Broadgate Tower 

20 Primrose Street 

London EC2A 2EW  

United Kingdom 

Depositary 

Computershare Investor Services PLC 

Registrars 

The Pavilions 

Bridgewater Road 

Bristol BS99 6ZZ 

United Kingdom 

Cymain Registrars Ltd 

26 Vyronos Avenue 

1096 Nicosia 
Cyprus 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The  Directors  present  their  annual  report  and  the  audited  Financial  Statements  for  the  year  ended 

31 December 2022. 

Principal Activities 

Dekel Public Ltd. is a Cyprus based holding company which owns 100% per cent. of, and is the operator of, 

Dekel Cote d’Ivoire SA, an oil palm production company established in the Republic of Cote d’Ivoire. 

Dekel  Public  Ltd.  also  holds  a  100%  interest  in  Pearlside  Holdings  Ltd  who  through  its  100%  owned 

subsidiary Capro CI. which operates a cashew processing operation in the Republic of Cote d’Ivoire.   

Group Results 

The  Group  results  are  set  out  later  in  this  report  and  are  stated  in  thousands  Euros.    The  Group  made 

operating net loss after tax of €1.3 million (2021 – net profit after tax of €0.6 million). The Directors do not 

recommend the payment of a dividend (2021 - nil).  

Review of the Business 

A review of the business for the year is set out in the Chairman’s Statement. 

Key Performance Indicators 

The Group implemented the following key performance indicators during 2022: 

Key Performance Indicator 

Budget 

Actual 

Fresh Fruit Bunches (‘FFB’) Received  

180,000 tn 

116,733 tn 

Crude Palm Oil (‘CPO’) Extraction Rate  

22.0% 

CPO Produced 

39,600 tn 

22.1% 

25,751 tn 

Future Developments 

Future Developments are outlined in the Outlook section of the Chairman’s Statement. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Going Concern 

The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts and budgets that show that, for a period of at least twelve 

months from the date of signing these Financial Statements, the Group expects to have sufficient resources to 

continue  its  business.  Accordingly,  the  Directors  believe  that  it  is  appropriate  to  prepare  the  Financial 

Statements on a going concern basis.  See Note 1 for further details. 

Events After the Reporting Period 

On  24  January  2023  the  Company  increased  its  ownership  in  Pearlside  Holdings  Ltd,  the  wholly  owned 

parent  of  Capro  CI  SA,  the  entity  which  owns  the  Cashew  Operation  via  the  acquisition  of  a  29.3% 

beneficial interest for a total consideration of £619k (based on closing share price of 3.1p per share as at 23 

January 2023). Consideration was provided via the issue of 19,968,701 new ordinary shares of €0.0003367 

in the Company. 

Directors’ Remuneration 

Details of Directors’ Remuneration for 2022 and 2021 are set out in the table below. 

Executive Directors 
Youval Rasin 
-2022 

-2021 

Shai Kol 
-2022 
-2021 

Lincoln Moore 
-2022 

-2021 

Non-Executive Directors 
Andrew Tillery 
-2022 
-2021 
Aristide Achybrou 
-2022 
-2021 

Salaries 
and Fees 
€'000 

Benefits 
€'000 

Bonuses 
€'000 

182 

33 

- 

Total 
€'000 

215 

233  

            33  

29    

          294  

183 
233  

34 
            32  

- 
 29 

217 
          294  

98 

- 

- 

98 

101  

             -    

16    

         117  

27 
28  

27 
28 

- 

- 

             -    

             -    

- 

- 

             -    

             -    

27 
28  

27 
28 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
             
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
                     
             
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Directors’ Shares and Options 

Details of Directors’ interests as at 27 June 2023 in share options and warrants are set out in the table below: 

Director 

Andrew Tillery  
Youval Rasin 
Yehoshua Shai Kol 
Lincoln John Moore 
Aristide Achy Brou 

Number of 
Ordinary 
Shares 

Number 
of Vested 
Options 

Number 
of 
Unvested 
Options 

- 
-  1,800,000 
68,406,705  6,933,333  1,566,667 
28,221,861  6.933,333  1,566,667 
5,549,791  6,933,333  1,566,667 
- 
23,824,324 

- 

Substantial Shareholding 

As  at  27  June  2023,  the  Company  had  been  notified  of  the  following  substantial  shareholdings  in  the 

ordinary share capital: 

Directors 
Youval Rasin 
Shai Kol 

68,406,705 
28,221,861 

Aristide Achy Brou 

23,824,324 

Lincoln Moore 
Over 3% 
Miton Group plc 
AgDevCo Ltd 

5,549,791 

52,892,394 
41,188,990 

Biopalm Energy Limited 

35,455,111 

Kilik & Co LLP 

21,522,000 

12.25% 
5.05% 

4.27% 

0.99% 

9.47% 
7.37% 

6.35% 

3.85% 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
Corporate Governance 

Audit  and  Remuneration  Committees  have  been  established  and  in  each  case  comprise  Andrew  Tillery, 

Aristide Achybrou and Lincoln Moore. 

The role of the Remuneration Committee is to review the performance of the executive Directors and to set 

the scale and structure of their remuneration, including bonus arrangements.  The Remuneration Committee 

also administers and establishes performance targets for the Group’s employee share schemes and executive 

incentive schemes for key management.  In exercising this role, the terms of reference of the Remuneration 

Committee require it to comply with the Code of Best Practice published in the Combined Code. 

The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible for  making recommendations  to  the  Board  on the  appointment  of the 

auditors and the audit fee, and receives and reviews reports from management and the Company’s auditors 

on the internal control systems in use throughout the Group and its accounting policies. 

Suppliers’ Payment Policy 

It is the Group's policy to agree appropriate terms and conditions for its transactions with suppliers by means 

ranging  from  standard  terms  and  conditions  to  individually  negotiated  contracts  and  to  pay  suppliers 

according to agreed terms and conditions, provided that the supplier meets those terms and conditions. The 

Group does not have a standard or code dealing specifically with the payment of suppliers. 

Trade payables at the year end all relate to sundry administrative overheads and disclosure of the number of 

days purchases represented by year end payables is therefore not meaningful. 

Directors' Indemnities 

In accordance with the Companies (Audit Investigations and Community Enterprise) Act 2004, which came 

into force on 6 April 2005, the Company has indemnified the Directors against liability to third parties, and 

undertaken to pay Directors' legal costs as incurred, provided that they are reimbursed to the Company if the 

individual is convicted. 

By Order of the Board 

Lincoln Moore, Executive Director                                   Date: 27 June 2023 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  

Introduction 

The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company  recognises  the  importance  of  sound  corporate  governance  and 

applies The Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code (2018) (the ‘QCA Code’), which they 

believe is the most appropriate recognised governance code for a company with shares admitted to trading on 

the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange. The QCA Code provides the Company with the framework 

to  help  ensure  that  a  strong  level  of  governance  is  maintained,  enabling  the  Company  to  embed  the 

governance  culture  that  exists  within  the  organisation  as  part  of  building  a  successful  and  sustainable 

business for all its stakeholders. 

The QCA Code has ten principles of corporate governance that the Company has committed to apply within 

the 

foundations  of 

the  business.  Full  details  can  be 

found  on 

the  company’s  website: 

www.dekelagrivision.com.   

We have outlined below a short explanation of how the Company applies each of the principles at the time of 

preparation of this report.  The Company will continually reassess and strengthen its policies and associated 

execution of the aforementioned policies. 

Principle One 

Establish a strategy and business model which promote long-term value for shareholders 

Dekel is a large-scale palm oil producer that works in close partnership with the communities and authorities 

in  its  areas  of  operation.  The  establishment  of  such  partnerships  enables  Dekel  to  pursue  its  strategy  of 

building sustainable, inclusive and environmentally sensitive palm oil production centres in the Ivory Coast.  

Full details are provided on the Company’s website. 

At the core of our immediate strategy is working to defend and increase our market share of the quantity of 

FFB from our small holder suppliers and increase the market size of FFB from small holders in our region.  

To increase market share we apply best practise supplier payment systems and assist our small holders with 

logistics.  This is evident in the 7 logistic centres we have established to ease the transportation burden on 

small holders delivering FFB to our Mill.  We have also implemented both a sustainable fertiliser programme 

with our small holder farmers and a health care programme. 

We are also working hard to apply best in practise environmental processes in our existing operations.  An 

example  of  this  is  our  effluent  treatment  plant  operation  which  we  understand  is  one  of  the  only  fully 

compliant  system  operating  in  our  country  of  operations.    We  are  also  a  fully  committed  member  of  the 

Round Table for Sustainable Palm Oil and we are well advanced to full certification. 

The  falls  in  CPO  prices  through  2018 to  2020  (which  has  currently corrected  to  materially  higher  prices), 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
highlighted  a  need  to  further  diversify  our  operations.    We  therefore  commenced  the  Cashew  Operation 

project applying our small holder business model.  The Cashew Operation commenced pilot production in 

early 2022 and commercial production in early 2023. 

Dekel  will  continue  to  assess  opportunities  to  diversify  its  commodity  base  and  in  time,  the  countries  it 

operates to deliver long term sustainable and diversified revenue streams. 

Principle Two 

Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 

The  Board  is  committed  to  maintaining  good  communication  and  having  constructive  dialogue  with  its 

shareholders  in  order  to  communicate  Dekel’s  strategy  and  progress  and  to  understand  the  needs  and 

expectations of shareholders.  In 2021 this included increasing our use of social media (primarily Twitter), 

regular  podcasts  to  explain  key  announcements  and  twice  yearly  shareholder  dial  in  calls  to  communicate 

with our shareholders. See the Dekel website for further details. 

Principle Three 

Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term 

success 

The Group’s operations in Côte d’Ivoire to date have created over 300 new jobs at the Palm Oil Operaion 

and over 200 new jobs at the Cashew Operation.It is also expected that our market entry as a reliable sales 

partner for palm  oil and  cashew  small  holders  will  continue  to  encourage  the  improvement  of  existing  oil 

farm yields, enhance farmers’ income, revitalise the Co-operatives and accelerate the development of social 

infrastructure in the local community.  

Dekel  Côte  d’Ivoire’s  activity  affects  the  lives  of  more  than  6,000  families  directly  and  indirectly.  Dekel 

Côte d’Ivoire has completed an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (“ESIA”) which is in line with 

the  International  Finance  Corporation  (“IFC”)  requirements  and  Ivorian  law.  Dekel  Côte  d’Ivoire  is 

committed to adopt and operate in accordance with the recommendations provided by the ESIA. 

The  aim  of  the  ESIA  report  was  to  satisfy  both  legal  and  institutional  obligations  under  the  Ivorian 

environmental protection laws (Arrêté no 00972 du 14 Novembre 2007 relatif á l’ application du décret no 

96 894 du 8 Novembre 1996), and also comply with the IFC standards on the environment. 

Dekel  Côte  d’Ivoire  is  a  member  of  the  Roundtable  of  Sustainable  Palm  Oil  (“RSPO”).  The  RSPO  was 

established in 2004 to promote the production and use of sustainable palm oil. The RSPO is an association 

created by organisations carrying out activities in and around the entire supply chain for palm oil to promote 

the  growth  and  use  of  sustainable  palm  oil.  The  Directors  are  committed  to  compliance  with  its  code  of 

conduct where applicable and are well advanced towards full RSPO certification. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principle Four 

Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the 

organization 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  ensuring  that  procedures  are  in  place  and  being  implemented  effectively  to 

identify, evaluate and manage the significant risks faced by the Company. A list of the key operational and 

business risks is outlined on the Dekel website. 

In  terms  of  internal  processes,  the  Company  operates  pursuant  to  internally  created  processes  and 

procedures, ensures all key strategy decisions are reviewed and approved by the Board and operates board 

committees for both the Audit Committee and Remuneration Committee. 

Principle Five 

Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair 

All  of the  Directors  are subject to election by shareholders at  the  first  Annual General Meeting  after  their 

appointment to the Board and will continue to seek re-election at least once every three years. To date in the 

current financial year, the Directors have a 100% record of attendance at meetings. Directors meet formally 

and informally both in person and by telephone. The Board is responsible to the shareholders for the proper 

management of the Group.  The Boards undertakes the following meeting process: 

-  Strategy and Budgeting meeting once per year  

-  Monthly circulation of operational and financial results 

-  Weekly board update calls 

Andrew Tillery and Aristide Achybrou are considered to be Independent Directors (applying the principles 

on independence set out in Section B.1.1. of the UK Corporate Governance Code published by the Financial 

Reporting Council). 

The  Company  also  recognises  that  from  time  to  time  board  changes  are  appropriate  to  bring  new  a  fresh 

review  of  operations  and  strategy.    In  2020  Aristide  Achybrou  replaced  Bernard  Francois  as  part  of  this 

strategy. 

Principle Six 

Ensure that between them, the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and 

capabilities 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our multi-disciplinary management team of executives, entrepreneurs and agronomists can call upon more 

than  30  years  of  experience  in  the  international  agro-industry.  Team  members  have  driven  the  planning, 

implementation  and  management  of  large-scale  agricultural  and  agri-industrial  projects  across  several 

continents.  The  Board  considers  that  all  of  the  Directors  and  Non-Executive  Directors  are  of  sufficient 

competence and calibre to add strength and objectivity to its activities, and bring considerable experience in 

scientific,  operational  and  financial  development  of  food  products  and  companies.  The  Board  regularly 

reviews the composition of the Board to ensure that it has the necessary breadth and depth of skills to support 

the ongoing development of the Company. The Board ensures its knowledge is kept up to date on key issues 

and  developments  pertaining  to  the  Company,  its  operational  environment  and  to  the  Directors’ 

responsibilities  as  members  of  the  Board.  During  the  course  of  the  year,  Directors  receive  updates  from 

various external advisers on a number of industry and corporate governance matters. 

Audit  and  Remuneration  Committees  have  been  established  and  in  each  case  comprise  Andrew  Tillery, 

Lincoln Moore and Aristide Achybrou. The audit and remuneration committees comprise a majority of non-

executives and that they are chaired by non executives. 

The role of the Remuneration Committee is to review the performance of the executive Directors and to set 

the scale and structure of their remuneration, including bonus arrangements. The Remuneration Committee 

also administers and establishes performance targets for the Group’s employee share schemes and executive 

incentive schemes for key management. In exercising this role, the terms of reference of the Remuneration 

Committee require it to comply with the Code of Best Practice published in the Combined Code. 

The  Audit  Committee  is  responsible for  making recommendations  to  the  Board  on the  appointment  of the 

auditors and the audit fee, and receives and reviews reports from management and the Company’s auditors 

on the internal control systems in use throughout the Group and its accounting policies. 

The  Directors’  biographies  and  details  are  set  out  earlier  in  this  report  and  further  information  for  the 

Directors is summarised in the table below. 

Name 

Role 

Time 

Dekel Shareholder 

Andrew Tillery 

Non-Executive 

2 days per month 

No 

Chairman 

Youval Rasin 

Chief Executive Office 

Full time 

Yehohua Shai 

Deputy CEO and Chief 

Full time 

Kol 

Financial Officer 

Lincoln Moore 

Executive Director 

Full time 

Non-Executive Director 

2 days per month 

Aristide 

Achybrou 

Principle Seven 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 

Internal evaluation of the Board, the Committees and individual Directors is undertaken on an annual basis in 

the form of peer appraisal and discussions to determine the effectiveness and performance against targets and 

objectives, as well as the Directors' continued independence. As a part of the appraisal the appropriateness 

and  opportunity  for  continuing  professional  development  whether  formal  or  informal  is  discussed  and 

assessed. 

The  Board  may  utilise  the  results  of  the  evaluation  process  when  considering  the  adequacy  of  the 

composition  of  the  Board  and  for  succession  planning.  Succession  planning  is  formally  considered  by  the 

Board on an annual basis in conjunction with the appraisal process.  See principal 5 for 2020 board change 

implemented. 

Principle Eight 

Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 

The Board recognises that their decisions regarding strategy and risk will impact the corporate culture of the 

Company as a whole which in turn will impact Company’s performance. The Directors are very aware that 

the tone and culture set by the Board will greatly impact all aspects of the Company as a whole and the way 

that consultants or other representatives behave.  

The  Board  seeks  to  maintain  the  highest  standards  of  integrity  and  probity  in  the  conduct  of  the  Group’s 

operations.  These  values  are  enshrined  in  the  written  policies  and  working  practices  adopted  by  all 

employees in the Group. An open culture is encouraged within the Group, with regular communications to 

staff regarding progress and staff feedback regularly sought. The Executives regularly monitors the Group’s 

cultural environment and  seeks  to  address  any  concerns  than may  arise, escalating  these  to  Board level as 

necessary. 

The  Group  is  committed  to  providing  a  safe  environment  for  its  staff  and  all  other  parties  for  which  the 

Group has a legal or moral responsibility in this area. The Group’s health and safety policies and procedures 

encompass all aspects of the Group’s day-to-day operations. 

Issues of bribery and corruption are taken seriously. The Company has a zero-tolerance approach to bribery 

and corruption and has an anti-bribery and corruption policy in place to protect the Company, its employees 

and those third parties to which the business engages with. The policy is provided to staff upon joining the 

business  and  training  is  provided  to  ensure  that  all  employees  within  the  business  are  aware  of  the 

importance of preventing bribery and corruption. Each employment contract specifies that the employee will 

comply with the policies. 

There were no issues to note during the 2022 financial year. 

Principle Nine 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-

making by the Board 

Ultimate  authority  for  all  aspects  of  the  Company's  activities  rests  with  the  Board,  the  respective 

responsibilities of the Chairman and Non-Executive Directors arising as a consequence of delegation by the 

Board. The Board has adopted appropriate delegations of authority which set out matters which are reserved 

for the Board. The Chairman is responsible for the effectiveness of the Board as well as primary contact with 

shareholders. 

The Board has overall responsibility for promoting the success of the Group. The Executive Directors have 

day-to-day  responsibility  for  the  operational  management  of  the  Group’s  activities.  The  Non-executive 

Directors are responsible for bringing independent and objective judgment to Board decisions. 

There  is  a  clear  separation  of  the  roles  of  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Non-executive  Chairman.  The 

Chairman  is  responsible  for  overseeing  the  running  of  the  Board,  ensuring  that  no  individual  or  group 

dominates  the  Board’s  decision-making  and  ensuring  the  Non-executive  Directors  are  properly  briefed  on 

matters. The Chairman has overall responsibility for corporate governance matters in the Group and chairs 

the Nominations and Corporate Governance Committee. The Chief Executive Officer has the responsibility 

for implementing  the  strategy  of  the  Board  and  managing the  day-to-day  business  activities  of  the  Group. 

The Company Secretary is responsible for ensuring that Board procedures are followed and applicable rules 

and regulations are complied with. 

The Board has established an Audit Committee and Remuneration Committee with formally delegated duties 

and responsibilities. 

Audit Committee  

The  Audit  Committee  comprises  three  Directors,  Andrew  Tillery,  Lincoln  Moore  and  Aristide  Achybrou, 

and is chaired by Andrew Tillery. The Audit Committee will meet at the time of preparation of the annual 

and interim accounts of the Company at such other times as the chairman of the Audit Committee shall deem 

necessary. The Audit Committee receives and reviews reports from management of the Company’s auditors 

relating  to  the  interim  and  annual  accounts  and  keeps  under  review  the  accounting  and  internal  controls 

which the Company has in place. 

Remuneration Committee  

The  Remuneration  Committee  comprises  three  Directors,  Andrew  Tillery,  Lincoln  Moore  and  Aristide 

Achybrou, and is chaired by Andrew Tillery. The Remuneration Committee will meet at such times as the 

chairman of the Remuneration Committee or the Board deem necessary. The Remuneration Committee will 

determine and review (in consultation with the Board) the terms and conditions of service of the executive 

directors  and  non-executive  directors.  The  Remuneration  Committee  will  also  review  the  terms  and 

conditions  of  any  proposed  share  incentive  plans,  to  be  approved  by  the  Board  and  the  Company’s 

shareholders. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  setting  remuneration  packages,  the  Committee  ensured  that  individual  compensation  levels,  and  total 

board compensation, were comparable with those of other AIM-listed companies where appropriate. 

Further details are set out in the Director’s Report and notes to the accounts. 

Principle Ten 

Communicate how the Group is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with 

shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

The Company places a high priority on regular communications with its various stakeholder groups and aims 

to ensure that all communications concerning the Group’s activities are clear, fair and accurate. Full details 

of  how  the  Company  maintains  a  dialogue  with  shareholders  and  other  stakeholders  is  set  out  on  the 

Company’s website and in Principal 2 above. 

Andrew Tillery 

Non-Executive Chairman 

Date: 27 June 2023 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the Financial Statements in accordance 

with applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare Financial Statements for each financial year.  Under that law 

the  Directors  have  elected  to  prepare  the  Group  Financial  Statements  under  the  International  Financial 

Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’).  The Financial Statements are required by law to give a true and fair view of 

the state of affairs of the Group and Company, in addition to the profit or loss of the Group for that period. 

In preparing these Financial Statements, the Directors are required to: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

state  whether  applicable  accounting  standards  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material 

departure disclosed and explained in the Financial Statements; and 

prepare  the  Financial  Statements  on  the  going  concern  basis,  unless  it  is  inappropriate  to 

presume that the Group will continue in business. 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  which  disclose  with  reasonable 

accuracy  at  any  time  the  financial  position  of  the  Group  and  to  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  Financial 

Statements comply with the Companies Act 2006.  They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of 

the  Group  and  hence  for  taking  reasonable  steps  for  the  prevention  and  detection  of  fraud  and  other 

irregularities. 

In so far as each of the Directors are aware: 

• 

• 

there is no relevant audit information of which the Group's auditors are unaware; and 

the Directors have taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of 

any relevant audit information and to establish that the auditors are aware of that information. 

The  Directors  are responsible for  the maintenance  and  integrity  of the corporate  and financial  information 

included on the Company's website.   

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer 
144 Menachem Begin Road, Building A, 
Tel-Aviv 6492102, Israel 

  Tel: +972-3-6232525 
Fax: +972-3-5622555 
ey.com 

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT 

To the Shareholders of 

DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC. 

Opinion  

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC. and its 
subsidiaries ("the Group"), which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as of 
31 December 2022 and 2021, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, 
changes in equity and cash flows for each of the years then ended, and the related notes to the 
consolidated financial statements, which, as described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial 
statements, have been prepared on the basis of International Financial Reporting Standards as 
adopted by the European Union.  

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material 
respects, the financial position of the Group as of 31 December 2022 and 2021, and the results of its 
operations and its cash flows for the each of the years then ended in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union 

Basis for Opinion 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United 
States of America (GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the 
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our 
report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audits. We 
believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our audit opinion. 

Responsibilities of Management for the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the 
European Union, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant 
to the preparation and fair presentation of consolidated financial statements that are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether 
there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for at least one year from the end of the reporting 
period. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial 
statements as a whole are free of material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue 
an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but 
is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a 
material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may 
involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal 
control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually 
or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the 
consolidated financial statements. 

In performing an audit in accordance with GAAS, we: 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. 
Identify  and  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements, 
whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. 
Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures 
in the consolidated financial statements. 
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures 
that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the 
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed.  
Evaluate  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies  used  and  the  reasonableness  of  significant 
accounting  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluate  the  overall  presentation  of  the 
consolidated financial statements. 
Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that 
raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable 
period of time. 

We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other 
matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal 
control-related matters that we identified during the audit. 

Tel-Aviv, Israel 
June 27, 2023. 

KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER 
A Member of Ernst & Young Global 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC. 

ASSETS 

CURRENT ASSETS: 

Cash and cash equivalents 

    Trade receivables  

Inventory   
Bank deposits - restricted 
Other accounts receivable 

Total current assets 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS: 

Bank deposits - restricted 
Property and equipment, net 

Total non-current assets 

Total assets 

31 December  

2022 
2021 
Euros in thousands 

  Note 

4 
10 
5 

2,240 
1,568 
3,158 
679 
950 

8,595 

1,595 
1,487 
3,240 
595 
365 

7,282 

10 
7 

850 
45,235 

501 
43,892 

46,085 

44,393 

54,680 

51,675 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC. 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 

CURRENT LIABILITIES: 

Short-term loans and current maturities of long-term loans 
Trade payables  
Advances from customers 
Loan from non-controlling interest 
Other accounts payable  

Total current liabilities 

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES: 

Long-term lease liabilities 
Accrued severance pay, net 
Loan from shareholder                                         
Long-term loans 

Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

EQUITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO EQUITY HOLDERS OF 

THE COMPANY 
Share capital 
Additional paid-in capital 
Accumulated deficit 
Capital reserve 
Capital reserve from transactions with non-controlling 

interests 

  Note 

  10b 

6 
8 

9 

6 
10 

11 

Non-controlling interests 

Total equity  

Total liabilities and equity 

31 December 

2022 
2021 
Euros in thousands 

5,671 
1,359 
346 
- 
3,852 

5,431 
1,374 
108 
915 
2,646 

11,228 

10,474 

128 
127  
630 
27,241 

169 
135 
- 
24,562 

28,126 

24,866 

39,354 

 35,340 

177 
40,736 
(18,804) 
2,532 

(9,315) 
15,326 

170 
39,985 
(17,971) 
2,532 

(8,710) 
16,006 

- 

329 

15,326 

16,335 

54,680 

51,675 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

June 27, 2023 
Date of approval of 
the 
financial statements 

Youval Rasin 

  Yehoshua Shai Kol 

  Lincoln John Moore 

  Director and Chief 
Executive Officer 

  Director and Chief 
Finance Officer  

  Executive Director 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC. 

  Note 

  12 
  15a 

  15b 

  15c 

  14 

Year ended  
31 December 

2022 
2021 
Euros in thousands 
(Except per share 
amounts) 

31,205 
26,185 

5,020 
3,845 

1,175 
103 
(2,475) 

(1,197) 
141 

(1,338) 

(833) 
(505) 

(1,338) 

37,391 
30,880 

6,511 
3,869 

2,642 
- 
(1,726) 

916 
275 

641 

757 
(116) 

641 

Revenues  
Cost of revenues 

Gross profit  
General and administrative expenses 

Operating profit  
Other income 
Finance cost 

Profit (loss) before taxes on income 
Taxes on income  

Net income (loss) and total comprehensive income (loss) 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the Company 
Non-controlling interests 

Net income (loss) and total comprehensive income (loss) 

Net earnings (loss) per share attributable to equity holders 

of the Company: 

Basic and diluted net earnings (loss) per share  

  16 

0.00   

0.00 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC. 

Attributable to equity holders of the Company 

Share 
capital 

Additional 
paid-in 
capital 

Accumulated 
deficit 

Capital reserve 

Capital reserve 
from 
transactions 
with non-
controlling 
interests 

Non-
controlling 
interests 

Total 

Total Equity 

Euros in thousands 

Balance as of 1 January, 2021 

142 

35,570 

(18,728) 

2,532 

(7,754) 

11,762 

700 

12,462 

Net income (loss) and total comprehensive income (loss) 
Issue of shares (Note 10) 
Non-controlling interests arising from initially consolidated subsidiary 
Share-based compensation 

- 
26 
2 
- 

- 
3,719 
401 
295 

757 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(956) 

757 
3,745 
(553) 
295 

(116) 
- 
(255) 
- 

641 
3,745 
(808) 
295 

Balance as of 31 December 2021 

170 

39,985 

(17,971) 

2,532 

(8,710) 

16,006 

329 

16,335 

Net loss and total comprehensive loss 
Issue of shares for services provided (Note 11) 
Issue of shares upon acquisition of non-controlling interests (Note 6) 

- 
- 
7 

- 
44 
707 

(833) 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
(605) 

(833) 
44 
109 

(505) 
- 
176 

(1,338) 
44 
285 

Balance as of 31 December 2022 

177 

40,736 

(18,804) 

2,532 

(9,315) 

15,326 

- 

15,326 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC. 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net income (loss) 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used 

in) operating activities: 
 Adjustments to the profit or loss items: 
Depreciation 
Share-based compensation 
Accrued interest on long-term loans and non-current liabilities 
Change in employee benefit liabilities, net 
Gain from sale of property and equipment 

Changes in asset and liability items: 

   Decrease (increase) in inventories 

Increase in other accounts receivable 
Increase in trade payables 
Increase (decrease) in advances from customers 
Increase in other accounts payable 

Cash paid during the year for: 
   Income taxes  

Interest  

Year ended  
31 December 

2021 
2022 
Euros in thousands 

(1,338) 

641 

1,554 
- 
1,421 
(8) 
(103) 

82 
(531) 
28 
238 
1,206 
3,887 

(135) 
(1,848) 

1,888 
295 
1,188 
(103) 
- 

(1,957) 
(1,296) 
498 
(1,863) 
859 
(491) 

(264) 
(1,188) 

(1,983) 

(1,452) 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 

566 

(1,302) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC. 

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Investment in bank deposits  
Sale of property and equipment 
Purchase of property and equipment 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities: 
Issue of shares (offering net of expenses) 
Cash paid on acquisition of non-controlling interests 
Long-term lease, net 
Loan to subsidiary by non-controlling interests 
Receipt (repayments) of short-term loans, net 
Receipt of long-term loans 
Repayment of long-term loans 

Net cash provided by financing activities 

 Increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

Year ended  
31 December 

2021 
2022 
Euros in thousands 

(433) 
206 
(2,566) 

(814) 
- 
(4,568) 

(2,793) 

(5,382) 

- 
- 
(41) 
- 
(1,668) 
10,577 
(5,995) 

2,873 

645 
1,595 

2,240 

3,726 
(806) 
(23) 
915 
605 
5,997 
(2,338) 

8,077 

1,393 
202 

1,595 

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities: 
Issuance of shares in consideration for non-controlling interest in 

Pearlside 

714 

403 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial information. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

DEKEL AGRI VISION PLC. 

NOTE 1:-  GENERAL 

a. 

b. 

c. 

Dekel  Agri-Vision  PLC  ("the  Company")  is  a  public  limited  company  incorporated  in 
Cyprus on 24 October 2007. The Company's Ordinary shares are admitted for trading on 
the  AIM,  a  market  operated  by  the  London  Stock  Exchange.  The  Company  is  engaged 
through its subsidiaries in developing and cultivating palm oil plantations in Cote d'Ivoire 
for  the  purpose  of  producing  and  marketing  Crude  Palm  Oil  ("CPO"),  as  well  as 
constructing  a  Raw  Cashew  Nut  (“RCN”)  processing  plant,  which  is  currently  in  the 
initial production phase. The Company's registered office is in Limassol, Cyprus.  

CS DekelOil Siva Ltd. ("DekelOil Siva"), a company incorporated in Cyprus, is a wholly 
owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company.  DekelOil  CI  SA,  a  subsidiary  in  Cote  d'Ivoire 
currently held 99.85% by DekelOil Siva, is engaged in developing and cultivating palm 
oil  plantations  for  the  purpose  of  producing  and  marketing  CPO.  DekelOil  CI  SA 
constructed and is currently operating its palm oil mill. 

Pearlside Holdings Ltd. (“Pearlside”), a company incorporated in Cyprus, is a subsidiary 
of  the  Company  since  December  2020.  The  Company  holds  100%  interest  since 
December 2022 (previously 70.7% interest since February 2021). Pearlside has a wholly 
owned subsidiary in Cote d’Ivoire, Capro CI SA (“Capro”). Capro is currently engaged in 
the initial production phase of its RCN processing plant in Cote d’Ivoire near the village 
of Tiabisu (see also Note 11). 

d. 

DekelOil Consulting Ltd. a company located in Israel and a wholly owned subsidiary of 
DekelOil Siva, is engaged in providing services to the Company and its subsidiaries. 

e. 

Cash flow from operations and working capital deficiency: 

In 2022 the Company generated a positive cash flow from operation of approx €0.5 
million  compared  to  a  negative  cash  flow  of  €1.3  million  in  2021.  Palm  Oil  activity 
continued to be strong and continued to generate positive operating cash flow, which was 
offset  by  the  negative  operating  cash  flow  from  the  RCN  activity  which  is  in  its 
commissioning  phase.   The  Group  working  capital  deficiency  continued to    decrease  to 
€2.6  million  at  31  December  2022  from  €3.2  million  as  of  31  December  2021.      In 
addition, expenditures for the completion of the RCN processing plant of Pearlside have 
been  almost  entirely  paid  and  have  now  entered  the  production  phase  with  operational 
capacity in the process of increasing materially over the coming months.  As a result, the 
RCN operation is expected to produce additional operating cash flow for the Group in the 
latter  half  of  2023  and  beyond.  The  Group  has  prepared  detailed  forecasted  cash  flows 
through the end of 2024, which indicate that the Group should have positive cash flows 
from its operations. However, the operations of the Group are subject to various market 
conditions, including quantity and quality of fruit harvests and market prices, that are not 
under  the  Group's  control  that  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  the  Group's  future  cash 
flows.  

Based  on  the  above,  the  Company's  management  believes  it  will  have  sufficient  funds 
necessary to continue its operations and to meet its obligations as they become due for at 
least a period of twelve months from the date of approval of the financial statements. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

DEKEL AGRI VISION PLC. 

NOTE 1:-  GENERAL (Cont.) 

f.      Effects of inflation and increase in interest rate: 

Following the global macroeconomic developments in 2022, there was an 
increase in rates of inflation in worldwide. As part of the measures taken to 
restrain inflationary price increases, central banks around the world, including the 
Bank of Israel, began raising their benchmark interest rates. All of the Company’s 
loans bear fixed interest rates (except a negligible amount of €147 thousands), and 
accordingly the increase in interest rates has not had a material effect on the 
consolidated financial statements. 

g.   Definitions:  

The Group 

-  DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC and its subsidiaries. 

The Company  -  DEKEL AGRI-VISION PLC.  

Subsidiaries 

-  Companies that are controlled by the Company- CS DekelOil Siva Ltd, 
DekelOil  CI  SA,  DekelOil  Consulting  Ltd,  and  commencing  from 
December 2020 - Pearlside Holdings, Capro CI SA. 

NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The following accounting policies have been applied consistently in the financial statements for 
all periods presented, unless otherwise stated. 

a. 

Basis of presentation of the financial statements: 

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union ("IFRS"). 

The financial statements have been prepared on a cost basis.  

The Company has elected to present profit or loss items using the function of 
expense method. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.): 

b.  Consolidated financial statements: 

The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of companies that 
are controlled by the Company (subsidiaries). Control is achieved when the Company is 
exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has 
the  ability  to  affect  those  returns  through  its  power  over  the  investee.  Potential  voting 
rights are considered when assessing whether an entity has control. The consolidation of 
the  financial  statements  commences  on  the  date  on  which  control  is  obtained  and  ends 
when such control ceases. 

The financial statements of the Company and of the subsidiaries are prepared as of 
the same dates and periods. The consolidated financial statements are prepared 
using uniform accounting policies by all companies in the Group. Significant 
intragroup balances and transactions and gains or losses resulting from intragroup 
transactions are eliminated in full in the consolidated financial statements. 

Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries represent the equity in subsidiaries not 
attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. Non-controlling interests are 
presented in equity separately from the equity attributable to the equity holders of 
the Company. Profit or loss and components of other comprehensive income are 
attributed to the Company and to non-controlling interests. Losses are attributed to 
non-controlling interests even if they result in a negative balance of non-
controlling interests in the consolidated statement of financial position.  

A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without a change of control, is 
accounted for as a change in equity by adjusting the carrying amount of the non-
controlling interests with a corresponding adjustment of the equity attributable to 
equity holders of the Company less / plus the consideration paid or received. 

c. 

Business combinations and goodwill: 

Business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method. The 
cost of the acquisition is measured at the fair value of the consideration transferred 
on the acquisition date with the addition of non-controlling interests in the 
acquiree. In each business combination, the Company chooses whether to measure 
the non-controlling interests in the acquiree based on their fair value on the 
acquisition date or at their proportionate share in the fair value of the acquiree's 
net identifiable assets. 

Direct acquisition costs are carried to the statement of profit or loss as incurred. 

In a business combination achieved in stages, equity interests in the acquiree that 
had been held by the acquirer prior to obtaining control are measured at the 
acquisition date fair value while recognizing a gain or loss resulting from the 
revaluation of the prior investment on the date of achieving control. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.): 

c.  Business combinations and goodwill (Cont.): 

Contingent consideration is recognized at fair value on the acquisition date and 
classified as a financial asset or liability in accordance with IAS 39. Subsequent 
changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration are recognized in profit 
or loss. If the contingent consideration is classified as an equity instrument, it is 
measured at fair value on the acquisition date without subsequent remeasurement. 

d. 

Functional currency, presentation currency and foreign currency: 

1. 

Functional currency and presentation currency: 

The local currency used in Cote d'Ivoire is the West African CFA Franc 
("FCFA"), which has a fixed exchange rate with the Euro (Euro 1 = FCFA 
655.957). A substantial portion of the Group's revenues and expenses is 
incurred in or linked to the Euro. The Group obtains debt financing mostly 
in FCFA linked to Euros and the funds of the Group are held in FCFA. 
Therefore, the Company's management has determined that the Euro is the 
currency of the primary economic environment of the Company and its 
subsidiaries, and thus its functional currency. The presentation currency is 
Euro. 

2. 

Transactions, assets and liabilities in foreign currency: 

Transactions denominated in foreign currency are recorded upon initial 
recognition at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. After initial 
recognition, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency 
are translated at each reporting date into the functional currency at the 
exchange rate at that date. Exchange rate differences, other than those 
capitalized to qualifying assets or accounted for as hedging transactions in 
equity, are recognized in profit or loss. Non-monetary assets and liabilities 
denominated in foreign currency and measured at cost are translated at the 
exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currency and measured at fair value are 
translated into the functional currency using the exchange rate prevailing at 
the date when the fair value was determined. 

e. 

Cash equivalents: 

Cash equivalents are considered as highly liquid investments, including 
unrestricted short-term bank deposits with an original maturity of three months or 
less from the date of acquisition.  

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.): 

f. 

Financial instruments: 

1. 

Financial assets: 

Financial assets are measured upon initial recognition at fair value plus transaction 
costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial assets, except 
for financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss in respect of which 
transaction costs are recorded in profit or loss.  

The Company classifies and measures debt instruments in the financial statements 
based on the following criteria: 

- 

- 

 The Company's business model for managing financial assets; and 

 The contractual cash flow terms of the financial asset. 

a) 

Debt instruments are measured at amortized cost when: 

The Company's business model is to hold the financial assets in order 
to collect their contractual cash flows, and the contractual terms of the 
financial  assets  give  rise  on  specified  dates  to  cash  flows  that  are 
solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal  amount 
outstanding. After initial recognition, the instruments in this category 
are  measured  according  to  their  terms  at  amortized  cost  using  the 
effective interest rate method, less any provision for impairment. 

On  the  date  of  initial  recognition,  the  Company  may  irrevocably 
designate a debt instrument as measured at fair value through profit or 
loss if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or 
recognition inconsistency, such as when a related financial liability is 
also measured at fair value through profit or loss. 

b) 

Equity instruments and other financial assets held for trading: 

Investments in equity instruments do not meet the above criteria and 
accordingly are measured at fair value through profit or loss.  

Other  financial  assets  held  for  trading,  including  derivatives,  are 
measured at fair value through profit or loss unless they are designated 
as effective hedging instruments.  
Dividends  from  investments  in  equity  instruments  are  recognized  in 
profit or loss when the right to receive the dividends is established. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.): 

f. 

Financial instruments (Cont.): 

2. 

Impairment of financial assets: 

The  Company  evaluates  at  the  end  of  each  reporting  period  the  loss 
allowance for financial debt instruments which are not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss. 

The  Company  has  short-term  financial  assets  such  as  trade  receivables  in 
respect  of  which the  Company applies  a  simplified  approach and measures 
the loss allowance in an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses. 
An  impairment  loss  on  debt  instruments  measured  at  amortized  cost  is 
recognized in profit or loss with a corresponding loss allowance that is offset 
from the carrying amount of the financial asset.  

As of 31 December 2021, there were no past-due trade receivables. 

3. 

Financial liabilities: 

a) 

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost: 

Financial  liabilities  are  initially  recognized  at  fair  value  less 
transaction  costs  that  are  directly  attributable  to  the  issue  of  the 
financial liability. 

After initial recognition, the Company measures all financial liabilities 
at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. 

4. 

Derecognition of financial instruments: 

a) 

Financial assets: 

A  financial  asset  is  derecognized  when  the  contractual  rights  to  the 
cash flows from the financial asset expire.  

b) 

Financial liabilities: 

A  financial  liability  is  derecognized  when  it  is  extinguished,  that  is 
when the obligation is discharged or cancelled or expires. 

g. 

Borrowing costs: 

The  Group  capitalizes  borrowing  costs  that  are  attributable  to  the  acquisition, 
construction,  or  production  of  qualifying  assets  which  necessarily  take  a  substantial 
period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.  

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.): 

g. 

Borrowing costs (Cont.): 

The  capitalization  of  borrowing  costs  commences  when  expenditures  for  the  asset  are 
incurred,  the  activities  to  prepare  the  asset  are  in  progress  and  borrowing  costs  are 
incurred and ceases when substantially all the activities to prepare the qualifying asset for 
its  intended  use  or  sale  are  complete.  The  amount  of  borrowing  costs  capitalized  in  a 
reporting period includes specific borrowing costs and general borrowing costs based on 
a weighted capitalization rate.  

h. 

Leases: 

The Company accounts for a contract as a lease when the contract terms convey the right 
to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

The Group as a lessee: 

For leases in which the Company is the lessee, the Company recognizes on the 
commencement date of the lease a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, 
excluding leases whose term is up to 12 months and leases for which the 
underlying asset is of low value. For these excluded leases, the Company has 
elected to recognize the lease payments as an expense in profit or loss on a 
straight-line basis over the lease term. In measuring the lease liability, the 
Company has elected to apply the practical expedient in the Standard and does not 
separate the lease components from the non-lease components (such as 
management and maintenance services, etc.) included in a single contract. 

On the commencement date, the lease liability includes all unpaid lease payments 
discounted at the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily 
determined, or otherwise using the Group's incremental borrowing rate. After the 
commencement date, the Group measures the lease liability using the effective 
interest rate method. 

On the commencement date, the right-of-use asset is recognized in an amount 
equal to the lease liability plus lease payments already made on or before the 
commencement date and initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use asset is 
measured applying the cost model and depreciated over the shorter of its useful 
life or the lease term. 
Following are the periods of depreciation of the right-of-use assets by class of underlying 
asset: 

Land  
Motor vehicles 

Years 

99 
5 

The Group tests for impairment of the right-of-use asset whenever there are 
indications of impairment pursuant to the provisions of IAS 36. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.): 

i.  

Biological assets: 

Biological  assets  of  the  Company  are  fresh  fruit  bunches  (FFB)  that  grow  on  palm  oil 
trees. The period of biological transformation of FFB from blossom to harvest and then 
conversion  to  inventory  and  sale  is  relatively  short  (about  2  months).  Accordingly,  any 
changes in fair value at each reporting date are generally immaterial.  

j. 

Property and equipment: 

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Palm oil trees 
before  maturity  are  measured  at  accumulated  cost,  and  depreciation  commences  upon 
reaching maturity. 
 Depreciation is calculated by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of 
the assets at the following annual rates: 

Extraction mill 
Palm oil plantations 
Computers and peripheral equipment 
Equipment and furniture 
Motor vehicles 
Agriculture equipment 

% 

2.5 
3.33 
33 
15 – 20 
25 
15 

The useful life, depreciation method and residual value of an asset are reviewed at least 
each year-end and any changes are accounted for prospectively as a change in accounting 
estimate.  Depreciation  of  an  asset  ceases  at  the  earlier  of  the  date  that  the  asset  is 
classified as held for sale and the date that the asset is derecognized.  

k. 

Impairment of non-financial assets: 

The Company evaluates the need to record an impairment of non-financial assets 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount is 
not recoverable.  

If the carrying amount of non-financial assets exceeds their recoverable amount, 
the assets are reduced to their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the 
higher of fair value less costs of sale and value in use. In measuring value in use, 
the expected future cash flows are discounted using a pre-tax discount rate that 
reflects the risks specific to the asset. The recoverable amount of an asset that 
does not generate independent cash flows is determined for the cash-generating 
unit to which the asset belongs. Impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. 

An impairment loss of an asset, other than goodwill, is reversed only if there have 
been changes in the estimates used to determine the asset's recoverable amount 
since the last impairment loss was recognized. Reversal of an impairment loss, as 
above, shall not be increased above the lower of the carrying amount that would 
have been determined (net of depreciation or amortization) had no impairment 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
loss been recognized for the asset in prior years and its recoverable amount. The 
reversal of impairment loss of an asset presented at cost is recognized in profit or 
loss.  

NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.): 

l. 

Revenue recognition: 

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when the control over the 
services is transferred to the customer. The transaction price is the amount of the 
consideration that is expected to be received based on the contract terms.   

In determining the amount of revenue from contracts with customers, the 
Company evaluates whether it is a principal or an agent in the arrangement. The 
Company is a principal when the Company controls the promised goods or 
services before transferring them to the customer. In these circumstances, the 
Company recognizes revenue for the gross amount of the consideration. When the 
Company is an agent, it recognizes revenue for the net amount of the 
consideration, after deducting the amount due to the principal. 

Revenue from the sale of goods: 

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized in profit or loss at the point in time when the 
control of the goods is transferred to the customer, generally upon delivery of the goods 
to the customer.  

Contract balances: 

Amounts received from customers in advance of performance by the Company are 
recorded as contract liabilities/advance payments from customers and recognized 
as revenue in profit or loss when the work is performed. For all years presented in 
these financial statements, such advances were recognized as revenues in the year 
subsequent to their receipt.  

m.  

Inventories: 

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of 
inventories comprises costs of purchase and costs incurred in bringing the 
inventories to their present location and condition. Net realizable value is the 
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less estimated costs of 
completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The Company 
periodically evaluates the condition and age of inventories and makes provisions 
for slow moving inventories accordingly. 

Cost of finished goods inventories is determined on the basis of average costs 
including materials, labor and other direct and indirect manufacturing costs based 
on normal capacity. 

n. 

Earnings (loss) per share: 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) per share are calculated by dividing the net income attributable to equity 
holders of the Company by the weighted number of Ordinary shares outstanding during 
the period.  

NOTE 2:-  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.): 

o. 

Earnings (loss) per share: 

Potential  Ordinary  shares are  included  in  the  computation  of  diluted  earnings  per  share 
when their conversion decreases earnings per share from continuing operations. Potential 
Ordinary shares that are converted during the period are included in diluted earnings per 
share only until the conversion date and from that date in basic earnings per share. The 
Company's share of earnings of investees is included based on its share of earnings per 
share of the investees multiplied by the number of shares held by the Company.  

p. 

Provisions: 

A provision in accordance with IAS 37 is recognized when the Group has a 
present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable 
that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to 
settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the 
obligation. When the Group expects part or all of the expense to be reimbursed, 
for example under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognized as a 
separate asset but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense 
is recognized in profit or loss net of any reimbursement. 

q.  Fair value measurement: 

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a 
liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement 
date. 

Fair value measurement is based on the assumption that the transaction will 

take place in the asset's or the liability's principal market, or in the absence of a 
principal market, in the most advantageous market.  

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that 
market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that 
market participants act in their economic best interest.  

Fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market 
participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest 
and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset 
in its highest and best use.  

The Group uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and 
for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use 
of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.  

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All assets and liabilities measured at fair value or for which fair value is disclosed 
are categorized into levels within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest 
level input that is significant to the entire fair value measurement: 

q. 

Fair value measurement (Cont.): 

Level 1 

-  quoted  prices  (unadjusted)  in  active  markets  for  identical  assets  or 

liabilities. 

Level 2 

-  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  within  Level  1  that  are 

observable either directly or indirectly. 

Level 3 

-  inputs that are not based on observable market data (valuation techniques 

which use inputs that are not based on observable market data). 

r. 

Share-based payment transactions: 

The  Company's  employees  /  other  service  providers  are  entitled  to  remuneration  in  the 
form  of  equity-settled  share-based  payment  transactions  and  certain  employees  /  other 
service  providers  are  entitled  to  remuneration  in  the  form  of  cash-settled  share-based 
payment  transactions  that  are  measured  based  on  the  increase  in  the  Company's  share 
price. 

Equity-settled transactions: 
The  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  with  employees  is  measured  by  reference  to  the 
fair value of the equity instruments at the date on which they are granted. The fair value is 
determined using an acceptable option model.  

The  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  is  recognized,  together  with  a  corresponding 
increase in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are 
fulfilled, ending on the date on which the relevant employees become fully entitled to the 
award  ("the  vesting  date").  The  cumulative  expense  recognized  for  equity-settled 
transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the 
vesting  period  has  expired  and  the  Company's  best  estimate  of  the  number  of  equity 
instruments that will ultimately vest. 

s. 

Taxes on income: 
Current or deferred taxes are recognized in profit or loss, except to the extent that they 
relate to items which are recognized in other comprehensive income or equity.  

1. 

Current taxes: 

The current tax liability is measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been 
enacted  or  substantively  enacted  by  the  end  of  reporting  period  as  well  as 
adjustments  required  in  connection  with  the  tax  liability  in  respect  of  previous 
years.  

2. 

Deferred taxes: 

Deferred  taxes  are  computed  in  respect  of  temporary  differences  between  the 
carrying  amounts  in  the  financial  statements  and  the  amounts  attributed  for  tax 
purposes.  
Deferred taxes are measured at the tax rate that is expected to apply when the asset 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
is  realized  or  the  liability  is  settled,  based  on  tax  laws  that  have  been  enacted  or 
substantively enacted by the reporting date.  

s.  Taxes on income (Cont.) 

Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent 
that it is not probable that they will be utilized. Temporary differences for which 
deferred tax assets had not been recognized are reviewed at each reporting date and 
a  respective  deferred  tax  asset  is  recognized  to  the  extent  that  their  utilization  is 
probable.  

Taxes  that  would  apply  in  the  event  of  the  disposal  of  investments  in  investees 
have  not  been  taken  into  account  in  computing  deferred  taxes,  as  long  as  the 
disposal of the investments in investees is not probable in the foreseeable future.  
Also,  deferred  taxes  that  would  apply  in  the  event  of  distribution  of  earnings  by 
investees  as  dividends  have  not  been  taken  into  account  in  computing  deferred 
taxes, since the distribution of dividends does not involve an additional tax liability 
or since it is the Company's policy not to initiate distribution of dividends from a 
subsidiary that would trigger an additional tax liability.  

t. 

Significant accounting estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial 
statements: 

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates and 
assumptions that have an effect on the application of the accounting policies and on the 
reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses.  Changes  in  accounting 
estimates are reported in the period of the change in estimate. 

u. 

Changes  in  accounting  policies  -  initial  application  of  new  financial  reporting  and 
accounting  standards  and  amendments  to  existing  financial  reporting  and  accounting 
standards:  

Amendment to IAS 16, "Property, Plant and Equipment": 

In May 2020, the IASB issued an amendment to IAS 16, "Property, Plant and 
Equipment" ("the Amendment"). The Amendment prohibits a company from 
deducting from the cost of property, plant and equipment ("PP&E") consideration 
received from the sales of items produced while the company is preparing the 
asset for its intended use. Instead, the company should recognize such 
consideration and related costs in profit or loss.  

The Amendment is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 
January  2022. The Amendment is applied retrospectively, but only to items of 
PP&E made available for use on or after the beginning of the earliest period 
presented in the financial statements in which the company first applies the 
Amendment.  

The cumulative effect of initially applying the Amendment is recognized as an 
adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings (or other component of 
equity, as applicable) at the beginning of the earliest period presented. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The application of the Amendment did not have a material impact on the 
Company's financial statements.  

NOTE 3:-  DISCLOSURE  OF  NEW  STANDARDS  IN  THE  PERIOD  PRIOR  TO  THEIR 

ADOPTION  

a.  Amendment to IAS 1, "Presentation of Financial Statements": 

In January 2020, the IASB issued an amendment to IAS 1, "Presentation of 
Financial Statements" regarding the criteria for determining the classification of 
liabilities as current or non-current ("the Original Amendment"). In October 2022, 
the IASB issued a subsequent amendment ("the Subsequent Amendment"). 

According to the Subsequent Amendment: 

• 

• 

covenants 
with  which  an  entity  must  comply  on  or  before  the  reporting  date  will  affect  a 
liability's classification as current or non-current. 

Only 

An  entity  should 
provide  disclosure  when  a  liability  arising  from  a  loan  agreement  is  classified  as 
non-current and the entity's right to defer settlement is contingent on compliance 
with  future  covenants  within  twelve  months  from  the  reporting  date.  This 
disclosure is required to include information about the covenants and the related 
liabilities. The disclosures must include information about the nature of the future 
covenants and when compliance is applicable, as well as the carrying amount of 
the  related  liabilities.  The  purpose  of  this  information  is  to  allow  users  to 
understand  the  nature  of  the  future  covenants  and  to  assess  the  risk  that  a 
liability classified as non-current  could become  repayable within twelve  months. 
Furthermore, if facts and circumstances indicate that an entity may have difficulty 
in  complying  with  such  covenants,  those  facts  and  circumstances  should  be 
disclosed.  

According to the Original Amendment, the conversion option of a liability affects 
the classification of the entire liability as current or non-current unless the 
conversion component is an equity instrument. 

The Original Amendment and Subsequent Amendment are both effective for 
annual periods beginning on or after 1 January  2024 and must be applied 
retrospectively. Early application is permitted. 

The Company is evaluating the possible impact of the Amendment on its current 
loan agreements. 

b.  Amendment to IAS 8, "Accounting Policies, Changes to Accounting Estimates 

and Errors": 

In February 2021, the IASB issued an amendment to IAS 8, "Accounting Policies, 
Changes to Accounting Estimates and Errors" ("the Amendment"), in which it 
introduces a new definition of "accounting estimates".  
Accounting estimates are defined as "monetary amounts in financial statements 
that are subject to measurement uncertainty". The Amendment clarifies the 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
distinction between changes in accounting estimates and changes in accounting 
policies and the correction of errors. 
The Amendment is to be applied prospectively for annual reporting periods 
beginning on or after 1 January  2023 and is applicable to changes in accounting 
policies and changes in accounting estimates that occur on or after the start of that 
period. Early application is permitted. 

NOTE 3:-  DISCLOSURE  OF  NEW  STANDARDS  IN  THE  PERIOD  PRIOR  TO  THEIR 

ADOPTION (Cont.) 

c.  Amendment to IAS 12, "Income Taxes": 

In May 2021, the IASB issued an amendment to IAS 12, "Income Taxes" ("IAS 
12"), which narrows the scope of the initial recognition exception under IAS 
12.15 and IAS 12.24 ("the Amendment"). 

According to the recognition guidelines of deferred tax assets and liabilities, IAS 
12 excludes recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities in respect of certain 
temporary differences arising from the initial recognition of certain transactions. 
This exception is referred to as the "initial recognition exception". The 
Amendment narrows the scope of the initial recognition exception and clarifies 
that it does not apply to the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities arising 
from transactions that are not a business combination and that give rise to equal 
taxable and deductible temporary differences, even if they meet the other criteria 
of the initial recognition exception. 

The Amendment applies for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 
January , 2023, with earlier application permitted. In relation to leases and 
decommissioning obligations, the Amendment is to be applied commencing from 
the earliest reporting period presented in the financial statements in which the 
Amendment is initially applied. The cumulative effect of the initial application of 
the Amendment should be recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of 
retained earnings (or another component of equity, as appropriate) at that date. 

The Company estimates that the initial application of the Amendment is not 
expected to have a material impact on its financial statements. 

d.  Amendment to IAS 1 - Disclosure of Accounting Policies: 

In February 2021, the IASB issued an amendment to IAS 1, "Presentation of 
Financial Statements" ("the Amendment"), which replaces the requirement to 
disclose 'significant' accounting policies with a requirement to disclose 'material' 
accounting policies. One of the main reasons for the Amendment is the absence of 
a definition of the term 'significant' in IFRS whereas the term 'material' is defined 
in several standards and particularly in IAS 1. 

The Amendment is applicable for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January  
2023. Early application is permitted. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company is evaluating the effects of the Amendment on its financial 
statements. 

NOTE 4:-  INVENTORY 

Raw cashew nuts   
Spare parts, tools & materials 
Kernel cashew nuts 
Palm oil mill final products 
Plants 

NOTE 5:-  OTHER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE 

Advance payment to suppliers and prepaid expenses  
Loans to employees  
Government authorities (VAT) 
Prepaid expenses and other receivables 

 31 December  

2022 

2021 
  Euros in thousands 

1,248 
986 
350 
334 
240 

3,158 

1,381 
771 
- 
902 
186 

3,240 

 31 December  

2022 

2021 
  Euros in thousands 

904 
38 
5 
3 

950 

319 
29 
10 
7 

365 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 6:-  INVESTMENT IN PEARLSIDE HOLDINGS LTD  

As described in Note 1c, Pearlside Holdings Ltd ("Pearlside") is a subsidiary of the 
Company. As of 1 January 2021, the Company had a 54% equity interest in Pearlside.  

On 8 February 2021, the Company signed an agreement to purchase an additional 
16.7% of Pearlside for a total value of £1.062 million (€1.2 million), of which £354,000 
(€403 thousand) was settled via the issue of 7,080,000 new Ordinary shares at 5 pence 
per share (see Note 11), and the remaining £708,000 (€806 thousand) was settled in 
cash. Following this acquisition, the Company held 70.7% of Pearlside. The difference 
between the total consideration and the carrying amount of the non-controlling interests, 
in the amount of € 956 thousand, was recorded as a charge to “capital reserve from 
transactions with non-controlling interests” in equity.  

During 2021 the  shareholders  of  Pearlside  invested additional funds  as a  loan  to  Pearlside, in 
order to finance the construction and activity of Pearlside. The portion of the loan provided by 
the non-controlling interests amounted to €915 thousand. The loan bears no interest and is to be 
repaid only from available funds of Pearlside.  The loan was presented as a current liability in 
the consolidated statement of financial position as of 31 December 2021. 

On 30 December 2022, the Company signed an agreement to purchase the remaining 
29.3% held by the non-controlling interests by way of issuing 19,968,701 Ordinary 
shares of the Company. Based on the market price of the Company's shares on the date 
of the purchase, the total fair value of the shares amounts to €714 thousand. 

Following this acquisition, the Company holds 100% of Pearlside.  

Concurrently, it was agreed that the loan in the amount of €915 thousand provided by the 
non-controlling interests, would only be repaid from the available cash flow from 
Pearlside, as to be determined in the sole discretion of the board of directors of 
Pearlside. The Company believes that no repayments of the loan will be made prior to 1 
January 2024, and accordingly, the loan has been classified as a non-current loan from a 
shareholder. As the loan bears no interest, the fair value of the loan in the amount of 
€630 thousand was calculated based on the present value of estimated future repayments 
discounted using the prevailing market rate of interest (7.75%) for a similar type of 
loan.   

Of the total fair value of the shares issued in the amount of €714 thousand, € 285 
thousand is attributed to the difference (discount) between the nominal amount of the 
loan from the shareholder and the fair value of the loan. The aggregation of remaining 
portion of the fair value (€ 429 thousand) and the negative carrying amount (€ 176 
thousand) of the non-controlling interests, in the amount of € 605 thousand, has been 
recorded as a charge to “capital reserve from transactions with non-controlling 
interests” in equity.  

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 7:-  PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET 

Composition and movement: 

Computers 
and 
peripheral 
equipment 

Equipment 
and 
furniture 

Motor 
vehicles 

Agricultur
e 
equipment 

Extraction 
mill 
and land 

Palm oil 
plantations 

Cashew 
processing 
mill under 
construction 
and land 

Total 

Cost: 
Balance as of 1 January, 2021 

Additions during the year 
Disposals during the year  

Balance as of 1 January, 2022 

Additions during the year 
Disposals during the year  

282 

87 
- 

369 

22 
- 

Balance as of 31 December, 2022 

391 

Accumulated depreciation: 
Balance as of 1 January 2021 

Depreciation  
Disposals during the year  

Balance as of 31 December 2021 

Depreciation  
Disposals during the year  

177 

31 
- 

208 

55 
- 

106 

453 
- 

559 

302 
- 

861 

99 

15 
- 

1,552 

490 

26,281 

7,632 

12,133 

48,476 

723 
(149) 

- 
- 

247 
- 

- 
- 

3,079 
- 

4,589 
(149) 

2,126 

490 

26,528 

7,632 

15,212 

52,916 

482 
(352) 

292 
- 

105 
(57) 

- 
- 

1,797 
- 

3,000 
(409) 

2,256 

782 

26,576 

7,632 

17,009 

55,507 

958 

409 

4,569 

1,015 

220 
(145) 

26 
- 

861 
- 

789 
- 

114 

1,033 

435 

5,430 

1,804 

88 
- 

281 
(306) 

68 
- 

737 
- 

320 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

5 
- 

5 

7,227 

1,942 
(145) 

9,024 

1,554 
(306) 

10,272 

Balance as of 31 December 2022 

263 

202 

1,008 

503 

6,167 

2,124 

Depreciated cost at 31 December 

2022 

Depreciated cost at 31 December 

2021 

128 

659 

1,249 

278 

20,409 

5,508 

17,004 

45,235 

161 

445 

1,093 

55 

21,098 

5,828 

15,212 

43,892 

Substantially all property and equipment are located in Coite d’Ivoire.

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 8:-  OTHER ACCOUNTS PAYABLE  

Employees and payroll accruals 
VAT payable 
Other accounts payable and accrued expenses 

31 December  

2022 

2021 
  Euros in thousands 

1,015 
467 
2,370 

3,852 

917 
405 
1,324 

2,646 

NOTE 9:-  RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITIES 

On 24 June 2008, DekelOil CI SA signed a lease agreement for 42 hectares near the village of 
Ayenouan, Cote d'Ivoire. The agreement is with the village of Adao and the people occupying 
the  land  in  Ayenouan.  The  lease  is  for  90  years  and  the  payment  for  the  lease  is  FCFA 
3,000,000 (app. € 4,573) per annum.  

A subsidiary signed a lease agreement with the government authorities for 6 hectares near the 
village of Tiabissuo, Cote d’Ivoire. The agreement is for a lease of 99 years with an annual lease 
payment of 6 million FCFA (app. € 9,146) 

The right-of-use assets in respect of the above leases are included in Property and Equipment 
(Note 7). The balance of the lease liabilities at 31 December 2022 amounted to € 128 (2021 - 
€169).  

NOTE 10:-  LOANS 

a. 

Long-term loans: 

Interest rate as of 
31 December  

  Currency 

2022 

31 December 

2022 

2021 

Euros in thousands 

SOGEBOURSE (c.1) 
SIB (c.2) 
AgDevCo (c.3) 
BGFI (c.4) 
BIDC (c.5) 
NSIA (c.6) 
NSIA (c.7) 
BGFI (c.8) 
HUDSON (c.9) 
Poalim (c.10) 
Mizrachi (c.10) 

Total loans 

Less - current maturities 

8.4% 
6.85% 
7% 
7.5% 
7.25% 
8.5% 
7.75% 
7.75% 
7.5% 
4.2% 
4.2% 

In FCFA 
In FCFA 
In Euro 
In FCFA 
In FCFA 
In FCFA 
In FCFA  
In FCFA 
In FCFA 
In NIS 
In NIS 

47 

2,750 
124 
3,600 
711 
4,573 
2,287 
762 
1,441 
15,138 
76 
72 

31,534 

(4,293) 

27,241 

- 
4,568 
256 
7,200 
941 
4,053 
2,287 
133 
1,524 
5,991 
- 
- 

26,953 

(2,391) 

24,562 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 10:-  LOANS (Cont.) 

b. 

Short-term loans and current maturities: 

Bank credit line (c.11) 
Short-term loan from bank 
Current maturities - per a. above 

31 December  

2022 

2021 
  Euros in thousands 

1,378 
- 
4,293 

5,671 

1,888 
1,152 
2,391 

5,431 

c. 

1. 

In  September  2016  DekelOil  CI  SA  signed  a  long-term  financing  facility 
agreement with a consortium of institutional investors arranged by SOGEBOURSE 
for  a  long-term loan  of  up  to  FCFA  10 billion (approximately  €15.2 million). Of 
this  amount,    FCFA  5.5  billion  (approximately  €8.4  million)  was  utilized  to 
refinance  the  West  Africa  Development  Bank  („BOAD“)  loan  The  loan    is 
repayable  over 7 years in fourteen semi annual payments. And bears  interest at a 
rate of 6.85% per annum.  
On  22  October  2016  SOGEBOURSE  transferred  the  funds  and  the  BOAD  loan 
was repaid in full.  
On 1 February 2018 the DekelOil CI SA drew  down a second tranche of FCFA 2.8 
billion  (€4.34  million)  from  its  FCFA  10  billion  (€15.2  million)    long-term 
Syndicated  Loan  Facility  with  Sogebourse  CI.  On  the  same  terms  as  the  first 
tranche.   Part of the funds were used to repay a short-term loan in the amount of 
€1,524 thousand and a long-term loan in the amount of €497 thousand.  

2. 

3. 

In October 2018 DekelOil CI SA signed a loan agreement with Societe Ivorienne 
de Banque (“SIB”) for FCFA 400 million (approximately €610 thousand). The loan 
is for 5 years and bears interest at a rate of 8.2% per annum. One of the boilers in 
the CPO extraction mill serves as a security for the loan.  

In  July  2019  DekelOil  CI  SA  signed  an  agreement  with  AgDevCo  Limited 
(“AgDevCo”),  a  leading  African  agriculture  sector  impact  investor  for  a  €7.2 
million  loan  for  a  term  of  10  years,  4  years  of  principal  grace  and  6  years  of 
repayment, with a gross interest rate of 7.5% per annum, variable and based on  12-
month  Euro  Short  Term  Rate  published  by  the  European  Central  Bank  (which 
replaced the Euro Libor used previously)  plus a pre-defined spread, and collared 
with a minimum rate of 6% per annum and a maximum rate of 9% per annum. In 
August  2022  DekelOil  CI  SA  repaid  €3.6  million  out  of  the  €7.2  million. 
Following  this  repayment,  it  was  agreed  that  the  interest  will  be  fixed  at  7%  per 
annum,  and  that  the  remaining  loan  will  be  paid  in  4  equal  annual  instalments 
starting in July 2024. It was also agreed that all financial covenants were canceled. 
The fixed assets of DekelOil CI SA serves as a security for this loan.  

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 10:-  LOANS (Cont.) 

4.  

5. 

6. 

7.  

8.  

On 7 July 2020 DekelOil CI SA signed a loan agreement with Banque Gabonaise Francaise 
International (“BGFI”) for FCFA 800 million (approximately €1,220 thousand). The loan is 
for 5 years and bears interest at a rate of 7.25% per annum.  

3

,000

On 16 March 2016 Capro CI SA signed a loan agreement with the Bank of Investment and 
Development of  CEDEAO  (“EBID”)  according  to  which EBID  agreed  to  grant  Capro  CI 
SA a facility of 
 million FCFA (€ 4,573 thousand).  During 2022 Capro CI SA made 
the last withdrawal under this loan agreement ayth the amount of €520. 
The  EBID  loan  shall  bear  interest  at  a  rate  of  8.5%  per  annum.  The  loan  has  a  tenure  of 
seven  years  and  shall be  repaid  in  20 quarterly  installments  over  five  years,  commencing 
after a grace period on principal payments of two years. Principal payments start in January 
2022.  According  to  the  loan agreement  as  a  security  for  this  loan  there  is  a  lien  over  the 
equipment of Capro CI SA and an amount of €97 thousand has been deposited in a bank by 
Capro CI SA (non-current bank deposits). 

In  2018  Capro  CI  SA  signed  a  loan  agreement  with  NSIA  bank,  Togo  (“NSIA  Togo”) 
according  to  which  NSIA  Togo  agreed  to  grant  Capro  CI  SA  a  facility  of  1,500  million 
FCFA (€ 2,278 thousand). 
NSIA Togo loan shall bear interest at a rate of 7.25%% per annum. The loan has a tenure of 
seven  years  and  shall be  repaid  in  20 quarterly  installments  over  five  years,  commencing 
after a grace period on principal payments of two years from the first withdrawal made on 
20 February 2020.  As a security for this loan there is a lien over the equipment of Capro CI 
SA  and  an  amount  of  €49  thousand  has  been deposited  in  a  bank  by  Capro  CI  SA  (non-
current bank deposits). 

On  30 March 2020 Capro CI SA signed a loan agreement with NSIA bank Cote  d’Ivoire 
(“NSIA”) according to which NSIA agreed to grant Capro CI SA a facility of 500 million 
FCFA (€ 762 thousand).  
NSIA loan shall bear interest at a rate of 7.25% per annum. The loan is for two years with 
one year grace period on principal payments. The loan was fully repaid in 2022.  
In August 2022 Capro CI SA signed a new loan agreement with NSIA for the same amount. 
The loan will bear interest at a rate of 7.75%. The loan is for two years with one year grace 
period on principal payments. 

On  3  February  2020  Capro  CI  SA  signed  a  loan  agreement  with  Banque  Gabonaise 
Francaise  International  (“BGFI”)  for  FCFA  1,000  million  (approximately  €1,542 
thousand). The loan shall bear interest at a rate of 7.5% per annum. The loan has a tenure of 
seven years and shall be repaid in monthly installments over five years, commencing after a 
grace  period  on  principal  payments  of  two  years  from  the  first  withdrawal  made  in 
September 2020. According to the loan agreement as a security for this loan an amount of 
€114 thousand has been deposited in a bank by Capro CI SA (non-current bank deposits). 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 10:-  LOANS (Cont.) 

9.  

On 25 January 2021 DekelOil CI SA signed an agreement  with  Hudson  for  issuance of  a 
long-term  bond of  up  to  10,000  million  FCFA  )€15.2  million(.  The  first  tranche of  3,930 
million FCFA (€ 6 million) was received on 27 January 2021, and the second tranche of 6 
billion FCFA )€9.1 million) was received on 24 July 2022. The bond is for 7 years with a 3-
year grace for principal repayments. The first tranche of the bond bears annual interest of 
7.75% and the second tranche of the bond bears annual interest of 7.25%.  According to the 
agreement DekelOil CI SA accumulates the funds for each payment prior to each payment 
by  a  monthly  payment  to  be  made  for  that  purpose  to  a  designated  deposit  account.  In 
addition,  a  fixed  amount  has  been  deposited  in  a  separate  bank  account.  As  of  31 
December,  2022,  the  current  deposit  amounts  to  €649  thousand  (2021  -  €  283  thousand) 
and the non-current deposit amounts to €588 thousand (€239 thousand), respectively. 

10. 

 In August and in October 2022 a subsidiary of the Company signed  two loan agreements 
for two vehicles in the amount of €148 thousand (denominated in NIS). The loan is for 
5 years with annual interest of 4.2% which is linked to the prime interest rate in Israel. 

11.      The Company has a line of credit of €3 million from various banks in Cote d’Ivoire. The 

lines of credit are revolving annually and bear an annual interest rate of 7.75% 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 11:-  EQUITY  

a. 

Composition of share capital: 

31 December  

2022 

2021 

Authorized 

31 December 

2022 
2021 
Issued and outstanding 

Number of shares 

Ordinary shares of € 0.0003367 

par value each 

1,000,000,000 

  1,000,000,000 

  557,373,476 

535,863,569 

Each Ordinary share confers upon its holder voting rights, the right to receive  cash and 
share dividends, and the right to share in excess assets upon liquidation of the Company. 

Commencing  from  December  2019,  pursuant  to  his  remuneration  contract,  the  General 
Manager of the company’s subsidiary, shall be issued 400,000 Ordinary Shares per year 
at  par  value  over  the  next  3  years,  vesting  on  a  monthly  basis.  The  fair  value  of  the 
Ordinary  shares  to  be  issued  at  the  date  of  grant  amounts  to  €  34  thousand.  As  of  31 
December 2022, all 1,200,000 Ordinary shares are fully vested. 800,000 Ordinary shares 
were issued to the General Manager in 2022.  

On  29  January  2021,  the  Company  raised  equity  totaling  to  £3.3  million  (€3.7 
million,  (net  of  £0.23 million  (€0.26 million)  fund  raising  costs)  through  the  placing  of 
70,000,000 new Ordinary Shares at an issue price of 5 pence per share. 

On  8  February 2021, the Company  signed an  agreement  to  purchase  an additional 
16.7%  of  Pearlside  for  a  total  consideration  of  £1.062  million  (€1.2  million),  of  which 
£354,000 (€403 thousand) was settled via the issue of 7,080,000 new Ordinary shares at 
5 pence per share - see Note 6.  

In  2021  (January  and  September)  the  Company  issued  1,656,029  ordinary  shares  to 
certain brokers in consideration for services provided. The fair value of the shares issued 
amounting to € 64 thousand was recorded in general and administrative expenses. 

In 2022 the Company issued 645,037 ordinary shares to certain brokers and suppliers in 
consideration for services provided and issued 496,169 ordinary shares to a director as a 
remuneration  for  his  services.  The  fair  value  of  the  shares  issued  amounting  to  €  44 
thousand was recorded in general and administrative expenses.  

See Note 6 for details of issuance of 19,968,701 Ordinary shares valued at €714 thousand 
(based on the market price of the shares) upon acquisition of non-controlling interest in 
Pearlside.  

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 11:-  EQUITY (Cont.) 

b. 

Share option plan: 

As of 31 December 2022 and 2021 there are 35,522,314 options outstanding to purchase 
Ordinary shares at a weighted average exercise price of €0.033. 
There are 5,866,667 options outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of €0.023 
that may only be exercised if at any point following the date of grant, the 30-day Volume 
Weighted  Average  Price  of  the  Ordinary  Shares  achieves  a  price  per  share  equal  to  or 
exceeding 6.0 pence. This condition has not been met as of 31 December 2022. 
Accordingly,  as  of  31  December  2022  and  2021  there  are  29,655,647  options  that  are 
exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of €0.035. 

During 2022 and 2021, no options were granted, exercised, forfeited or expired. 

c. 

Capital reserve: 

The  capital  reserve  comprises  the  contribution  to  equity  of  the  Company  by  the 
controlling shareholders. 

NOTE 12:-  REVENUES 

a. 

Substantially all the revenues are derived from the sales of Palm Oil, Palm Kernel Oil and 
Palm Kernel Cake in Cote d'Ivoire, see also Note 19.  

b.  Major customers:  

Revenues from major customers which each 
account for 10% or more of total revenues 
reported in the financial statements: 

Customer A -  
Customer B -  

Year ended 31 
December  

2022 

2021 
  Euros in thousands 

9,403 
8,811 

23,925 
5,241 

NOTE 13:-  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT 

The  fair  value  of  accounts  and  other  receivables,  loans,  and  trade  and  other  payables 
approximates their carrying amount due to their short-term maturities. The fair value of long-
term  loans  with  a  carrying  amount  of  €32,164  thousands  and  €26,953  thousands  (including 
current  maturities)  as  of  31  December,  2022  and  2021,  respectively,  approximates  their  fair 
value (level 3 of the fair value hierarchy). 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 14:-  INCOME TAXES 

a. 

Tax rates applicable to the income of the Company and its subsidiaries: 

The  Company  and  its  subsidiaries,  CS  DekelOil  Siva  Ltd  and  Pearlside  Holdings  Ltd, 
were incorporated in  Cyprus  and  are taxed according  to  Cyprus tax  laws.  The  statutory 
tax rate is 12.5%. 

The carryforward losses (which may be carried forward indefinitely) of the Company are 
approximately €31 thousand, of CS DekelOil Siva Ltd are approximately €20 thousand, 
and of Pearlside are approximately €12 thousand.  

The subsidiary, DekelOil CI SA, was incorporated in Cote d'Ivoire and is taxed according 
to Cote d'Ivoire tax laws. Based on its investment plan, DekelOil CI SA received a full 
tax exemption from local income tax, "Tax on Industrial and Commercial profits," for the 
thirteen  years  starting  1  January  2014,  50%  tax  exemption  for  the  fourteenth  year  and 
25% tax exemption for the fifteenth year. 

The  tax  exemptions  were  conditional  upon  meeting  the  terms  of  the  investment  plan, 
which the Group has met. 

The subsidiary, Capro CI SA, was incorporated in Cote d'Ivoire and is taxed according to 
Cote  d'Ivoire  tax  laws.  Based  on  its  investment  plan,  Capro  CI  SA  received  a  full  tax 
exemption  from  local  income  tax,  "Tax  on  Industrial  and  Commercial  profits,"  for  the 
thirteen  years  starting  from  commencement  of  production,  50%  tax  exemption  for  the 
fourteenth year and 25% tax exemption for the fifteenth year. 

The  tax  exemptions  were  conditional  upon  meeting  the  terms  of  the  investment  plan, 
which the Group is expecting to meet. 

The subsidiary DekelOil Consulting Ltd was incorporated in Israel and is taxed according 
to Israeli tax laws. 

b. 

Tax assessments: 

The  Company's  subsidiaries,  DekelOil  CI  SA  and  Capro  CI  SA  received  a  final  tax 
assessment through 2020 and 2019 respectivly. 
As of 31 December 2022, the Company and all its other subsidiaries had not yet received 
final tax assessments. For DekelOil Consulting LTD the tax assessment prior to 2014 is 
deemed to be final. 

c. 

The  tax  expense  during  the  year  ended  31  December,  2022,  relates  to  tax  of  the 
Company's subsidiaries DekelOil CI SA and DekelOil Consulting Ltd.

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 15:-  SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION TO THE STATEMENT OF  COMPREHENSIVE 

INCOME 

a.  Cost of revenues: 

Cost of fruit 

  Maintenance and other operating costs  

Salaries and related benefits 
Depreciation  
Cultivation and nursery costs 
Vehicles  

b.  General and administrative expenses: 

Salaries and related benefits 
Subcontractors 
Legal, accounting, and professional fees 
Depreciation 
Office expenses 
Travel expenses 
Vehicle maintenance 
Insurance 
Brokerage and nominated advisor fees 
Share-based compensation 
Other  

c.  Finance cost: 

Interest on loans (*) 
Bank fees  
Exchange rate differences 

Year ended  
31 December 

2022 
2021 
Euros in thousands 

19,072 
3,092 
1,788 
1,304 
717 
212 
26,185 

1,741 
515 
274 
250 
182 
167 
148 
111 
56 
- 
401 

3,845 

1,675 
638 
162 

2,475 

23,064 
3,251 
1,937 
1,684 
588 
356 
30,880 

1,610 
452 
378 
204 
160 
84 
118 
168 
99 
271 
325 

3,869 

1,438 
400 
(112) 

1,726 

*) 
thousand). 

 Net of interest capitalized of €434 thousand (2021 - €827 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 16:-  INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE 

The following reflects the income  (loss) and share data used in the basic and diluted  earnings 
per share computations: 

  Year ended 31 December 

2021 
2022 
Euros in thousands 

Net income (loss) attributable to equity holders of the 
Company 
Weighted average number of Ordinary shares used for 

computation of: 

Basic earnings (loss) per share 

(833) 

757 

537,209,718    528,368,244 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share                                                      

  537,209,718        

  529,217,521 

In 2022, share options are excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share as their effect 
is antidilutive.  

NOTE 17:-  BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES 

a. 

Balances: 
Current: 
Other accounts payable 
Non-current: 
Loan from shareholder (see Note 6) 

b. 

Compensation of key management personnel of the 

Company: 

Short-term employee benefits  
Share-based compensation  

Year ended  
31 December 

2022 

2021 
  Euros in thousands 

286 

630 

820 
- 

452 

- 

801 
224 

c. 

Significant agreements with related parties: 
1. 

In  February  2008,  DekelOil  Consulting  Limited  ("Consulting")  signed  an 
employment agreement with a shareholder, who is a director of the Company, the 
CEO of the Company and the chairman of the Board of Directors of DekelOil CI 
SA. Under the employment agreement, the CEO is entitled to a monthly salary of 
€ 20,000 per month. The agreement is terminable by the Company with 24 months' 
notice. The total annual salary, social benefits, bonuses and management fee paid 
to  the  CEO  during  2022  and  2021  was  approximately  €239  thousand  and  €217 
thousand, respectively. 

2. 

In  March  2008,  DekelOil  Consulting  Limited  signed  an  employment  agreement 
with a shareholder, who is a director of the Company, its Deputy CEO and Chief 
Financial Officer. The agreement was amended on 11 July 2014, by the board of 
the subsidiary to reflect the same salary terms as those of the CEO described in c 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
(1) above.  The total annual salary and social benefits paid to the employee during 
2022 and 2021 was approximately €239 thousand and €217 thousand, respectively. 

NOTE 18:-  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

a. 

Classification of financial liabilities: 

The financial liabilities in the statement of financial position are classified by groups of 
financial instruments pursuant to IFRS 9:  

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost:  
Trade and other payables  
Short-term loans 
Long-term lease liabilities 
Loan from shareholder  
Loan from non-controlling interest 
Long-term loans (including current maturities) 

Total  

b. 

Financial risks factors: 

31 December  

2022 

2021 
  Euros in thousands 

5,211   
1,378 
128 
630 
- 
31,534 

4,022 
3,040 
169 
- 
915 
26,947 

38,881   

35,093 

The Group's activities expose it to market risk (foreign exchange risk).  

Foreign exchange risk: 

The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk resulting from the exposure to different 
currencies, mainly, NIS and GBP. Since the FCFA is fixed to the Euro, the Group is not 
exposed to foreign exchange risk in respect of the FCFA. As of December 31, 20 22 , the 
foreign exchange risk is immaterial. 

Liquidity risk: 
The table below summarizes the maturity profile of the Group's financial liabilities based 
on contractual undiscounted payments (including interest payments): 

31 December 2022 

  Less than 
one year   

1 to 2 
years 

2 to 3 
years 

3 to 4 
years 

4 to 5 
years 

  > 5 years  

Total 

Euros in thousands 

Long-term loans (1) 
Loan from shareholder 
Short-term loan  
Trade payables and other 

accounts payable 

Long-term lease 
liabilities 

6,519 
- 
1,378 

5,211 

44 

6,942 
- 
- 

- 

44 

6,487 
- 
- 

- 

44 

7,931 
- 
- 

- 

44 

5,423 
- 
- 

- 

34 

3,262 
915 
- 

- 

1,350 

36,564 
915 
1,378 

5,211 

1,559 

  13,152 

6,986 

6,531 

7,975 

5,457 

5,527 

45,627 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 18:-  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Cont.) 

31 December 2021 

  Less than 
one year   

1 to 2 
years 

2 to 3 
years 

3 to 4 
years 

4 to 5 
years 

  > 5 years  

Total 

Euros in thousands 

Long-term loans (1) 
Loan from non-

controlling interest 

Short-term loan  
Trade payables and other 

accounts payable 

Long-term lease 
liabilities 

4,117 

3,269 

4,563 

4,447 

4,225 

  10,937 

31,558 

915 
3,040 

4,022 

30 

- 
- 

- 

15 

- 
- 

- 

15 

- 
- 

- 

15 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

15 

1,365 

915 
3,040 

4,022 

1,455 

  12,124  

3,284 

4,578 

4,462 

4,240 

  12,302 

 40,990 

Movement in financial liabilities: 

Short 
term 
loans 

Long 
term 
loans (1)  

 Lease 
liabilities 

  Loan 
from non-
controllin
g interest 
(2) 

  Total 

Balance as of 1 January 2021 

2,437 

  23,291   

192 

- 

  23,557 

Receipt of short-term loan   
Repayment of long-term lease 
Repayment of loans 
Receipt of long-term loans 

Balance as of 31 December 

2021 

Receipt of short-term loan   
Receipt of long-term loan   
Repayment of long-term lease 
Repayment of loans 
Loan discount (2) 
Receipt of long-term loans 

Balance as of 31 December 

2022 

3,040 
- 

-   
-   
  (2,437)    (2,339)   
5,991   

- 

- 
(23) 
- 
- 

3,040 

  26,943   

169 

1,378 

-   
  (4,591)   

  (3,040)   

- 

(41) 
- 

3,955 
(23) 
(4,776) 
5,991 

  28,704 

1,378 
(4,591) 
(41) 
(3,040) 
285 

915 
- 
- 
- 

915 

- 

- 
285 

630 

1,378 

  31,534   

128 

  33,670 

Including current maturities and accrued interest.  

1) 
2)       2022 - loan from shareholder, see Note 6. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 19:-   OPERATING SEGMENTS 

a. 

General: 

The  operating  segments  are  identified  based  on  information  that  is  reviewed  by  the 
Company's management to make decisions about resources to be allocated and assess its 
performance.  Accordingly,  for  management  purposes,  the  Group  is  organized  into  two 
operating segments based on the two business units the Group has. The two business units 
are  incorporated  under  two  separate  subsidiaries  of  the  Company,  the  CPO  production 
unit  is  incorporated  under  CS  DekelOil  Siva  Ltd  and  its  subsidiary  and  the  RCN 
processing  plant  in  commissioning  stage  is  incorporated  under  Pearlside  Holdings  Ltd 
and its subsidiary (see Note 1). 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 19:-   OPERATING SEGMENTS (Cont.) 

Segment performance (segment income (loss)) and the segment assets and liabilities are 
derived  from  the  financial  statements  of  each  separate  group  of  entities  as  described 
above. Unallocated items are mainly the Group's headquarter costs, and taxes on income.  

b. 

Reporting operating segments:  

  Crude Palm 
Oil 

Raw 

Cashew Nut    Unallocated 
Euros in thousands 

Total 

Year ended 31 December 2022: 

Revenues-External customers 

30,459 

746 

- 

Segment operating profit (loss) 

3,727 

(1,430) 

(1,122) 

Finance cost 
Other income 
Profit (loss) before taxes on income 

Depreciation and amortization 

Year ended 31 December 2021: 

Revenues-External customers 

Segment operating profit (loss) 

Finance cost 
Profit before taxes on income 

Depreciation and amortization 

(2,182) 
103 
1,648 

1,383 

37,391 

3,830 

(1,805) 
2,844 

1,861 

(265) 
- 
(1,695) 

146 

- 

(28) 
- 
(1,150) 

25 

- 

(391) 

(797) 

(5) 
(396) 

- 

84 
(1,532) 

27 

31,205 

1,175 

(2,475) 
103 
(1,197) 

1,554 

37,391 

2,642 

(1,726) 
916 

1,888 

  Crude Palm 
Oil 

Raw 

Cashew Nut    Unallocated 
Euros in thousands 

Total 

As of 31 December 2022: 

Segment assets 

36,389 

18,291 

Segment liabilities 

28,427 

10,927 

As of 31 December 2021: 

Segment assets 

35,368 

16,307 

Segment operating profit (loss) 

24,397 

10,943 

- 

- 

- 

- 

54,680 

39,354 

51,51,675 

35,340 

59