Duos Technologies Group
Annual Report 2023

Plain-text annual report

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ——————— FORM 10-K ——————— ☒ ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 ☐ TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from: _____________ to _____________ Commission file number: 000-55497 ——————— DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) ——————— Florida (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation) 65-0493217 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 7660 Centurion Parkway, Suite 100 Jacksonville, Florida 32256 (Address of Principal Executive Offices) (904) 296-2807 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share Trading Symbol(s) DUOT Name of each exchange on which registered The NASDAQ Capital Market Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☒ Emerging growth company ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☒ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report: ☐ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) Yes ☐ No ☒ The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the average bid and asked price of such common equity on June 30, 2023, was $26,153,446. As of March 28, 2024, the registrant has one class of common equity, and the number of shares outstanding of such common equity is 7,306,663. Documents Incorporated by Reference: None. DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. 2023 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Item 1. Business Item 1A. Risk Factors Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments Item 1C. Cybersecurity Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Item 5. Item 6. Item 7. Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures PART II Market for Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities [Reserved] Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Item 8. Item 9. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Item 9B. Other Information Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Item 11. Executive Compensation Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules Item 16. Form 10-K Summary SIGNATURES PART IV i PAGE 1 6 13 13 13 14 14 15 18 19 27 27 27 27 27 27 28 35 39 43 44 45 47 48 FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Certain statements made in this discussion are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may”, “will”, “should”, “expects”, “intends”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “predicts”, or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology and include, without limitation, statements below regarding our business plans, the ability to raise working capital and expectations as to market acceptance of our products. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and there are important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, our ability to continue as a going concern, our ability to generate sufficient cash to continue and expand operations, the competitive environment generally and in our specific market areas, changes in technology, the availability of and the terms of financing, changes in costs and availability of goods and services, economic conditions in general and in our specific market areas, changes in federal, state and/or local government laws and regulations potentially affecting the use of our technology, changes in operating strategy or development plans and the ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. Although we believe that expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, performance or achievements. Indeed, it is likely that some of our assumptions may prove to be incorrect. Our actual results and financial position may vary from those projected or implied in the forward-looking statements and the variances may be material. Moreover, we do not assume responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of these forward-looking statements. The Company is under no duty to update any forward-looking statements after the date of this report, except as may be required by law. ii Item 1. Business. Our Corporate History PART I Information Systems Associates, Inc. (“ISA”) was incorporated in Florida on May 31, 1994. Our original business operations consisted of consulting services for asset management of large corporate data centers and the development and licensing of information technology (“IT”) asset management software. In late 2014, ISA entered negotiations with Duos Technologies, Inc. (“duostech™”) for the purposes of executing a merger between the two organizations (also known as a “reverse triangular merger”). Incorporated under the laws of Florida on November 30, 1990, duostech™ operated in various industry segments, specializing in the design, development and deployment of proprietary technology applications and turn-key engineered systems. This transaction was completed on April 1, 2015, whereby duostech™ became a wholly owned subsidiary of ISA. After the merger was completed, ISA changed its corporate name to Duos Technologies Group, Inc. The Company, based in Jacksonville, Florida, oversees its wholly owned subsidiary, duostech™ and employs approximately 71 people and is a technology company which designs, develops, deploys and operates intelligent technology solutions with a focus on software applications and artificial intelligence (“AI”). The Company has a strong portfolio of intellectual property. The Company’s headquarters are located at 7660 Centurion Parkway, Suite 100, Jacksonville, Florida 32256 and main telephone number is (904) 296-2807. Overview The Company, operating under its brand name duostech, develops and deploys technology systems with focus on inspecting and evaluating moving vehicles. Its technology focus is within the Vision Technology market sector and, more specifically, the Machine Vision subsector. Machine Vision companies provide imaging-based automatic inspection and analysis for process control for industry with potential expansion into other markets. Duos has developed key technologies over the past several years in software, industry specific hardware and artificial intelligence and has demonstrated industrial strength usability of its systems supporting rail, logistics and intermodal businesses that streamline operations, improve safety and reduce costs. Our team includes engineering subject matter expertise in hardware, software, and information technology as well as industry specific applications of artificial intelligence also referred to as Expert Artificial Intelligence. We also have specific industry experts in the rail industry on staff and as consultants. Duos is currently developing industry solutions for its target markets which will address rail, trucking, aviation and other vehicle-based processes. Duos’ initial offering, the Railcar Inspection Portal (RIP), provides both freight and transit railroad customers and select government agencies the ability to conduct fully remote railcar inspections of trains while they are moving at full speed. The RIP utilizes a variety of sophisticated optical, laser and speed sensors to scan each passing railcar to create a high-resolution image-set of the top, sides and undercarriage. These images are then processed with our edge data center using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to identify safety and security defects on each railcar. The algorithms are developed in conjunction with industrial application experts, in this case resident Railcar Mechanical Engineers, to provide specific guidance in the analysis (“human in the loop”). Within seconds of the railcar passing through the RIP, a detailed report is sent to the customer where they are able to take action on identified issues. This solution has the potential to transform the railroad industry immediately increasing safety, improving efficiency and reducing costs. The Company has already deployed this system with several Class 1 railroads and anticipates an increased demand from transit and other railroad customers along with selected government agencies that operate and/or manage rail traffic. The Company has deployed RIPs in Canada, Mexico and the United States and anticipates expanding this solution into Europe, Asia and the Middle East in coming years. The Company has also developed the Automated Logistics Information System (ALIS) which automates gatehouse operations where transport trucks enter and exit large logistics and intermodal facilities. This solution incorporates a similar set of sensors, data processing and artificial intelligence to streamline the customer’s logistics transactions and tracking and can also automate the security and safety inspection if called for. The Company has already deployed this system with one large North American retailer and anticipates increased demand from other large retailers, railroad intermodal operators and select government agencies that manage logistics and border crossing points. The Company is evaluating other solutions for moving vehicles including aircraft, which could provide similar benefits in terms of safety and efficiency for required inspections as part of an operations process. 1 We have developed two proprietary solutions that operate our software and artificial intelligence. centraco® is an Enterprise Information Management Software platform that consolidates data and events from multiple sources into a unified and distributive user interface. Customized to the end user’s Concept of Operations (CONOPS), it provides improved situational awareness and data visualization for operational objectives compared to traditional manual inspections. truevue360™ is our fully integrated platform that we utilize to develop and deploy Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms, including Machine Learning, Computer Vision, Object Detection and Deep Neural Network-based processing for real-time applications. These same Artificial Intelligence applications have begun to open up other opportunities for the Company to provide revenue producing solutions with potentially high market adoption. In 2021, the Company ended support of its IT Asset Management (ITAM) solution which cataloged results for data center asset inventory and audit services. We are currently evaluating using our current operations experience within “edge data centers” (as deployed for our Railcar Inspection Portal) to drive additional revenues within other markets requiring this type of solution although no specific offering has been developed at this time. In the last quarter of 2022, the Company elected not to renew a support contract for its Integrated Correctional Automation System (iCAS) for one customer. The Company subsequently sold its iCAS assets to a buyer during the second quarter of 2023 for $165,000 via a convertible note. The year 2023 ushered in a new phase in the Company’s development. Although we continue to see an extension of challenges faced in 2022, we also see positive changes and opportunities for our business that will be discussed in greater detail herein. They include: · · · Introducing a new “subscription” based offering for access to data and images by a much broader target market including Class 1 railroads, railcar owners and lessors, and short-line railroads. Owning and operating a network of RIPs with multiple subscribers outside of the Company’s traditional customer base. Selling customized RIPs to Class 1, short-line and other industrial companies where specialized applications or routes demand a bespoke solution. duostech™ Railcar Inspection Portal (rip®) Federal regulations require each railcar/train to be inspected for mechanical defects prior to leaving a rail yard. Founded in 1934, the Association of American Railroads (AAR) is responsible for setting the standards for the safety and productivity of the U.S./North American freight rail industry, and by extension, has established the inspection parameters for the rail industry’s rolling stock. Also known as the “Why Made” codes, the AAR established approximately 110 inspection points under its guidelines for mechanical inspections. Under current practice, inspections are conducted manually, a very labor intensive and inefficient process that only covers a select number of inspection points and can take several hours per train. We believe our Railcar Inspection Portal has the potential to reduce this inspection to minutes while the train is moving at speed, improving safety, reducing dwell time and optimizing maintenance. 2 Our system combines high-definition image and data capture technologies with our AI-based analytics applications that are typically installed on active tracks located between two rail yards. We inspect railcars traveling through our inspection portal at speeds of up to 70 mph and report mechanical anomalies detected by our system to the inbound train yard, well ahead of the train entering the yard. Currently, three Class 1 railroads and several transit and international railroads use our rip® technology with one of those railroads broadly deploying the technology across its network. The Company continues to expand its detection capabilities through the development and integration of additional sensor technologies to include laser, infrared, thermal, sound and x-ray to process AI-based analytics of inspection points. Currently the Company has a high-reliability catalog of over 48 artificial intelligence algorithms which can be integrated into the RIP to enhance mechanical anomalies detections. These detections support railroads in the active maintenance and overall safety of their railcar fleet and networks. Markets We believe the opportunity for our Railcar Inspection Portal business is substantial and continues to be our number one priority. We are currently engaged with the RIP solution with three of seven Class 1 railroad operators with 13 systems already deployed across the North American rail network. Because of our early leadership position, we have been able to accumulate experience and intellectual property that we believe would be time-consuming and expensive for a new competitor to replicate. Furthermore, we believe we have the ability to upgrade and scale our solutions with additional technologies in the future. We believe that the current market for our technologies is substantial. At the same time, we recognize that the technology life cycle is fast and evolving. Potential competitors could move into this sector, and it is possible that some Class 1 railroads could develop their own solutions that limit our total addressable market. In late 2022, the Company announced it will pursue a subscription platform for the RIPs. Under this new model, the Company will build, own and operate its RIP product and offer the data access for each portal to potential customers. This expansion of the RIP offering would potentially open up the addressable market to other railroads, railcar owners, and car lessors. This shift increases the pool of potential customers by lowering the entry point for the RIP and would reshape the Company’s working capital needs to invest in the construction of a RIP ahead of customer revenue inflows. The Company continues to explore this expansion on the long-term effects it may have on future cash flows. Another market we are pursuing as our second priority is using our Automated Logistics and Information Systems solution (alis™). Potential customers include commercial retail logistics and intermodal operators, Class 1 rail intermodal operators that are moving large amounts of automobiles, and U.S. Government agencies such as the Department of Defense and the Department of Homeland Security. Today, we currently have 20 production systems in use, but we believe the greenfield opportunity here to be substantial. We have identified over 900 lanes of traffic within nearly 300 facilities as potential business opportunities in the near-term. Currently, we are focused on the North American market, but plan to expand globally in the future with interest from Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Patents and Trademarks The Company holds a number of patents and trademarks for our technology solutions. We protect our intellectual property rights by relying on federal, state, and common law rights, as well as contractual restrictions. We control access to our proprietary technology by entering into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with all of our employees and contractors, and confidentiality agreements with third parties. We also actively engage in monitoring activities with respect to infringing uses of our intellectual property by third parties. 3 Specific Areas of Competition One of our primary commercial goals is to develop innovative technology solutions and target potential “greenfield” market spaces in order to maximize our business footprint and give us the ability to help define the market parameters for the future. Other companies that participate in the visual and optical (laser) based railcar inspection systems market include Wabtec (Beena Vision), KLD Labs, WID, IEM, and Camlin Rail. Some Class 1 railroads have stated that they are developing “in-house” solutions. We believe that Duos has a significant competitive advantage in that we have multiple years of deployment experience, have access to millions of images where our RIP has performed scans with AI analysis and in-house industry expertise to train our systems and make identification of common problems more automated. Our Automated Logistics Information System (ALIS) also represents an opportunity to expand into a mature market that we believe has a significant technology gap. While most facilities, such as distribution centers, that process commercial trucks in and out have sophisticated software management applications for logistics control, they have most often not implemented an advanced gatehouse automation solution. Historically, this category was referred to as “Automated Gate Systems” or AGS. The purpose of AGS technology is to streamline entry in to and exit out of facilities. The marketplace for this was mostly seaports and intermodal transfer facilities and was relatively expensive technology to deploy. Our Growth Strategy Vision The Company designs, develops, deploys and operates intelligent technology solutions for inspecting and evaluating moving objects. Its technology application focus is within the rail and intermodal markets which offers imaging-based automatic inspection and analysis for process control for industry with potential expansion into other markets. Objectives · · · · · · · Improve our operational and technical execution, customer satisfaction and implementation speed. Expand Rail Inspection Portal and Automated Logistics Information System with current and future customers in Rail, Logistics and U.S. Government sectors. Offer both CAPEX (one-time sale) and Subscription pricing models that seek to increase recurring revenue and improve profitability. Form strategic partnerships that improve market access and credibility. Improve policy, processes, and toolsets to become a viable platform for internal growth and for mergers and acquisitions. Thoughtfully execute mergers and acquisitions to expand offerings and/or capabilities. Promote a performance-based work force where employees enjoy their work and are incentivized to excel and innovate. 4 Organic Growth Our organic growth strategy is to continue our focus and prioritization in the rail, logistics and intermodal market space. In this regard, the Company has made significant changes in the senior management team to include a new Chief Executive Officer, who joined the Company in September 2020 and has years of experience successfully leading start-up and turn-around companies. In addition, a key account executive from one of Duos’ competitors joined the team during late 2022 to support the continued revenue growth of the business bringing significant sales experience focused around the rail market. In the third quarter of 2023, the Company also brought on a new Chief Commercial Officer bringing significant experience from the sales and operations aspects of the intermodal and power industries. In 2021, the Company also hired a new Chief Technology Officer bringing 25 years of experience in designing and delivering value driven technologies. Our new CTO has already led the team through instrumental changes to its approach to software and artificial intelligence development. The team also saw a change in CFO in late 2022 with the new CFO bringing significant experience in growth for asset-intensive businesses which aligns with the subscription format the Company will expand into. The new leadership team’s focus is to improve operational and technical execution which will in turn enable the commercial side of the business to expand RIP and ALIS delivery into existing and new customers. Even though supply chain issues are expected to continue in 2024, the Company’s primary customers have indicated readiness to order more equipment and services based upon the Company’s current performance and the new subscription offerings expands the universe of potential customers. Additionally, the CEO has directed that the Company make continual engineering and software upgrades to the RIP to meet anticipated Federal Railroad Association (FRA) and Association of American Railroad (AAR) standards. Manufacturing and Assembly The Company designs and develops technology solutions using a combination of in-house fabrication, commercial off-the-shelf technology, and outsourced manufacturing. On- site installations are performed using a combination of in-house project managers and engineers and using third-party sub-contractors as needed. Throughout the process of design, develop, deploy and operate, the Company maintains responsibility for all aspects. Our internal manufacturing operations consist primarily of materials procurement, assembly, testing and quality control by our engineers. If not manufactured internally, we use third-party manufacturing partners to produce our hardware related components and hardware products and we most often complete final assembly, testing and quality control processes for these components and products. Our manufacturing processes are based on standardization of components across product types, centralization of assembly and distribution centers, and a “build-to-order” methodology in which products generally are built only after customers have placed firm orders. For most of our hardware products, we have existing alternate sources of supply. For 2024 and possibly beyond, we expect to face significant challenges with macro-economic impacts, specifically inflation and supply chain disruption. Although these started to be identified in late 2021, we believe they continue to manifest themselves in ways that could challenge our business growth in the future. Specifically, the ability to source key components and certain implementation services will dictate just how quickly the Company can meet desired installation deadlines. In the industries in which we operate, the time from concept to contract can be substantial. Although we are now adapting to these challenges, previous bids that have been submitted could be challenging to execute within the financial framework and execution times originally envisaged. We continue to have dialogue with our customers regarding potential price increases and implementation delays, but we may suffer some economic impacts as a result of this. Revenue recognition could be delayed as a result of these factors and profitability could be impacted due to higher costs for materials and other services. The Company will continue to monitor the situation and update shareholders as the situation unfolds. Research and Development The Company’s R&D and software development teams design and develop all systems and software applications with a combination of full-time in-house software engineers and outside contractors. Internal development allows us to maintain technical control over the design and development of our products. Rapid technological advances in hardware and software development, evolving standards in computer hardware and software technology, and changing customer requirements characterize the markets in which we compete. We plan to continue to dedicate significant resources to research and development efforts, including software development, to maintain and improve our current product and services offerings. 5 Government Regulations The Company has worked with various agencies of the federal government for more than 10 years including the Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”). When our solutions have been deployed into these agencies, they meet specific requirements for certification, safety and security that are stipulated in requirements and contract documents. The Company is currently competing for other government related work and strictly follows the rules and regulations outlined in the Federal Acquisition Regulations. The Company’s primary customers are all governed by regulations related to the safe and effective transportation of goods and passengers, primarily by rail, but in future scenarios by air, road and sea. While changes in the regulatory environment could impact the Company in future years, we believe any changes will be overall positive for the Company. We continuously review potential changes in the regulatory environment and maintain contact with key personnel at certain agencies including the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) as well as the DHS previously mentioned. We expect to develop similar relationships with governmental agencies in target markets both in the US and internationally. At this time, we believe our offerings are complementary to the current and evolving standards and that we will adapt to any new regulations as they are promulgated. Employees We have a current staff of 71 employees, of which 66 are full-time, the majority of which work in the Jacksonville area, none of which are subject to a collective bargaining agreement. We have not experienced any work stoppages and we consider our relationship with our employees to be good. Item 1A. Risk Factors. Risks Related to Our Company and Business The nature of the technology management platforms utilized by us are complex and highly integrated, and if we fail to successfully manage releases or integrate new solutions, it could harm our revenues, operating income, and reputation. The technology platforms developed and designed by us accommodate integrated applications that include our own developed technology and third-party technology, thereby substantially increasing their functionality. Due to this complexity and the condensed development cycles under which we operate, we may experience errors in our software, corruption or loss of our data, or unexpected performance issues from time to time. For example, our solutions may face interoperability difficulties with software operating systems or programs being used by our customers, or new releases, upgrades, fixes or the integration of acquired technologies may have unanticipated consequences on the operation and performance of our other solutions. If we encounter integration challenges or discover errors in our solutions late in our development cycle, it may cause us to delay our launch dates. Any major integration or interoperability issues or launch delays could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, operating income and reputation. 6 We face risks as a result of the coronavirus (COVID-19 pandemic) lingering effects which could significantly disrupt our research and development, operations, sales, and financial results. Our business has been adversely impacted by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to global macroeconomic effects, the COVID-19 pandemic and related adverse public health developments caused disruption and/or delays to our operations and sales activities. Our third-party manufacturers and our customers were disrupted by worker absenteeism, quarantines and restrictions on employees’ ability to work, office and factory closures, disruptions to ports and other shipping infrastructure, border closures, or other travel or health-related restrictions. Depending on the magnitude of such effects on our activities or the operations of our third-party manufacturers and third- party distributors, the supply of our products, in some cases, continue to be delayed, which could continue to adversely affect our business, operations and customer relationships. In addition, the pandemic or other disease outbreak have had and may continue to have over the longer term a material adverse effect on the economies and financial markets of many countries, resulting in an economic downturn that will affect demand for our products and services and impact our operating results. There can be no assurance that any decrease in sales resulting from the pandemic slowdown will be offset by increased sales in subsequent periods. Although the magnitude of the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on our business and operations remains uncertain, the continued spread of COVID-19 and the related public health measures and travel and business restrictions may adversely impact our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. In addition, we have experienced and may in the future experience disruptions to our business operations resulting from quarantines, self-isolations, or other restrictions on the ability of our employees to perform their jobs that may impact our ability to develop and design our products and services in a timely manner or meet required milestones or customer commitments. We may be adversely affected by the effects of inflation and supply chain disruption Our business operates in an environment of long bid to contract award cycles. Our customer’s bid requirements are such that firm pricing is expected on much or all of our proposals and as such we must commit to certain commercial terms and conditions such as pricing. In addition, the Company hires employees and contractors to perform most (if not all) of the work required to complete a contract. We are beginning to experience the impacts of inflation upon previously forecasted costs including employees that require higher salaries, contractors demanding higher prices for jobs and higher costs for materials necessary to complete contracts. While we endeavor to charge additional costs to our customers, in some cases this may not be possible contractually and as a result our profitability may suffer as a result. Although we anticipate these effects to be mitigated in the long term, we cannot be assured that this will be possible in all or any instances and as such our revenue, profitability and growth prospects may suffer as a result of this. Current supply chain issues continue to extend deadlines for shipment of key components used in our technology systems. The effect of this may be to delay revenue recognition. We have experienced and expect to continue to experience delays to our business operations resulting from lack of materials availability, delays in securing key components such as video cameras requiring certain computer chips, and other material and personnel shortages that may impact our ability to implement our products and services in a timely manner or meet required milestones or customer commitments. In addition, higher costs for travel may adversely impact our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. This has made it necessary for the Company to order certain components prior to receiving a contract to ensure we have key components available when necessary to satisfy future contract obligations. Our products and services may fail to keep pace with rapidly changing technology and evolving industry standards. The market in which we operate is characterized by rapid, and sometimes disruptive, technological developments, evolving industry standards, frequent new product introductions and enhancements and changes in customer requirements. In addition, both traditional and new competitors are investing heavily in our market areas and competing for customers. As next-generation video analytics technology continues to evolve, we must keep pace in order to maintain or expand our market position. We continue to introduce new product offerings focused on automating mechanical and security inspections in the rail, logistics, intermodal and government sectors as potential revenue drivers. If we are not able to successfully add staff resources with sufficient technical skills to develop and bring these new products to market in a timely manner, achieve market acceptance of our products and services or identify new market opportunities for our products and services, our business and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. The market opportunity for our products and services may not develop in the ways that we anticipate. The demand for our products and services could change quickly and in ways that we may not anticipate. Our operating results may be adversely affected if the market opportunity for our products and services does not develop in the ways that we anticipate or if other technologies become more accepted or standard in our industry or disrupt our technology platforms. 7 Our revenues are dependent on general economic conditions and the willingness of enterprises to invest in technology. We believe that operators in the business sectors we are focused on continue to be cautious about sustained economic growth and seek to maintain or improve profitability through cost control and constrained spending. While our core technologies are designed to address cost reduction, other factors may cause companies to delay or cancel capital projects, including the implementation of our products and services. In addition, the business sectors in which we are focused are under financial pressure to reduce capital investment which may make it more difficult for us to close large contracts in the immediate future. We believe there is a growing market trend toward more customers exploring operating expense models as opposed to capital expense models for procuring technology. We believe the market trend toward operating expense models will continue as customers seek ways of reducing their overhead and other costs. All of the foregoing may result in continued pressure on our ability to increase our revenue and may potentially create competitive pricing pressures and price erosion. If these or other conditions limit our ability to grow revenue or cause our revenue to decline our operating results may be materially and adversely affected. Our working capital profile may shift over time to require additional investment. Historically, the Company has leveraged significant milestone payments at a contract onset to fund the purchase of required materials. Expansion into a subscription format would allow the Company to potentially transact faster and more routinely with a larger customer base than it has previously had. In certain instances where the Company would build, own and operate its own assets, it may require a different working capital and capitalization strategy whereby the Company will be required to make upfront investments without significant customer milestone payments to offset the investment. The Company believes that this presents a short-term capital risk but will, long-term, improve the overall performance of the business. Some of our competitors are larger and have greater financial and other resources than we do. Some of our product offerings compete and will compete with other similar products from our competitors. These competitive products could be marketed by well-established, successful companies that possess greater financial, marketing, distributional, personnel and other resources than we possess. In certain instances, competitors with greater financial resources also may be able to enter a market in direct competition with us offering attractive marketing tools to encourage the sale of products that compete with our products or present cost features that our target end users may find attractive. We have a history of losses and our growth plans may lead to additional losses and negative operating cash flows in the future. Our accumulated deficit was approximately $64 million as of December 31, 2023. Our operating losses may continue as we continue to expend resources to further develop and enhance our technology offering, to complete prototyping for proof-of-concept, obtain regulatory clearances or approvals as required, expand our business development activities and finance capabilities and conduct further research and development. We also expect to experience negative cash flow in the short-term until our revenues and margins increase at a rate greater than our expenses, which may not occur. We may be unable to protect our intellectual property, which could impair our competitive advantage, reduce our revenue, and increase our costs. Our success and ability to compete depend in part on our ability to maintain the proprietary aspects of our technologies and products. We rely on a combination of trade secrets, patents, copyrights, trademarks, confidentiality agreements, and other contractual provisions to protect our intellectual property, but these measures may provide only limited protection. We customarily enter into written confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements with our employees, consultants, customers, manufacturers, and other recipients of information about our technologies and products and assignment of invention agreements with our employees and consultants. We may not always be able to enforce these agreements and may fail to enter into any such agreement in every instance when appropriate. We license from third-parties certain technology used in and for our products. These third-party licenses are granted with restrictions; therefore, such third-party technology may not remain available to us on terms beneficial to us. Our failure to enforce and protect our intellectual property rights or obtain from third parties the right to use necessary technology could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect proprietary rights as fully as do the laws of the United States. Patents may not be issued from the patent applications that we have filed or may file in the future. Our issued patents may be challenged, invalidated, or circumvented, and claims of our patents may not be of sufficient scope or strength, or issued in the proper geographic regions, to provide meaningful protection or any commercial advantage. We have registered certain of our trademarks in the United States and other countries. We cannot assure you that we will obtain registrations of principal or other trademarks in key markets in the future. Failure to obtain registrations could compromise our ability to protect fully our trademarks and brands and could increase the risk of challenge from third parties to our use of our trademarks and brands. 8 We may be required to incur substantial expenses and divert management attention and resources in defending intellectual property litigation against us. We cannot be certain that our technologies and products do not and will not infringe on issued patents or other proprietary rights of others. While we are not currently subject to any infringement claim, any future claim, with or without merit, could result in significant litigation costs and diversion of resources, including the attention of management, and could require us to enter into royalty and licensing agreements, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business. We may not be able to obtain such licenses on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, or the terms of any offered licenses may be unacceptable to us. If forced to cease using such technology, we may be unable to develop or obtain alternate technology. Accordingly, an adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding, or failure to obtain necessary licenses, could prevent us from manufacturing, using, or selling certain of our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition. Furthermore, parties making such claims could secure a judgment awarding substantial damages, as well as injunctive or other equitable relief, which could effectively block our ability to make, use, or sell our products in the United States or abroad. Such a judgment could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition. In addition, we are obligated under certain agreements to indemnify the other party in connection with infringement by us of the proprietary rights of third parties. In the event that we are required to indemnify parties under these agreements, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We may incur substantial expenses and divert management resources in prosecuting others for their unauthorized use of our intellectual property rights. Other companies, including our competitors, may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technologies, duplicate our technologies, or design around our patents, and may have or obtain patents or other proprietary rights that would prevent, limit, or interfere with our ability to make, use, or sell our products. Although we do not have operations outside North America at this time, we may compete for contracts in other countries in the future. Effective intellectual property protection may be unavailable, or limited, in some foreign countries in which we may do business, such as China. Unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise use aspects of our technologies and products that we regard as proprietary. Our means of protecting our proprietary rights in the United States or abroad may not be adequate or competitors may independently develop similar technologies. If our intellectual property protection is insufficient to protect our intellectual property rights, we could face increased competition in the market for our technologies and products. Should any of our competitors file patent applications or obtain patents that claim inventions also claimed by us, we may choose to participate in an interference proceeding to determine the right to a patent for these inventions, because our business would be harmed if we fail to enforce and protect our intellectual property rights. Even if the outcome is favorable, this proceeding could result in substantial cost to us and disrupt our business. In the future, we also may need to file lawsuits to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. This litigation, whether successful or unsuccessful, could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. 9 If we are unable to apply technology effectively in driving value for our clients through technology-based solutions or gain internal efficiencies and effective internal controls through the application of technology and related tools, our operating results, client relationships, growth and compliance programs could be adversely affected. Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to anticipate and respond effectively to the threat and opportunity presented by new technology disruption and developments. These may include new software applications or related services based on artificial intelligence, machine learning, or robotics. We may be exposed to competitive risks related to the adoption and application of new technologies by established market participants or new entrants, start-up companies and others. These new entrants are focused on using technology and innovation, including artificial intelligence, to simplify and improve the client experience, increase efficiencies, alter business models and effect other potentially disruptive changes in the industries in which we operate. We must also develop and implement technology solutions and technical expertise among our employees that anticipate and keep pace with rapid and continuing changes in technology, industry standards, client preferences and internal control standards. We may not be successful in anticipating or responding to these developments on a timely and cost-effective basis and our ideas may not be accepted in the marketplace. Additionally, the effort to gain technological expertise and develop new technologies in our business requires us to incur significant expenses. If we cannot offer new technologies as quickly as our competitors, or if our competitors develop more cost-effective technologies or product offerings, we could experience a material adverse effect on our operating results, client relationships, growth and compliance programs. We are dependent on information technology networks and systems to securely process, transmit and store electronic information and to communicate among our locations around North America and with our people, clients, partners and vendors. As the breadth and complexity of this infrastructure continues to grow, including as a result of the use of mobile technologies, social media and cloud-based services, the risk of security breaches and cyberattacks increases. Such breaches could lead to shutdowns or disruptions of or damage to our systems and those of our clients, alliance partners and vendors, and unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential information, including personal data. In the past, we have experienced data security breaches resulting from unauthorized access to our and our service providers’ systems, which to date have not had a material impact on our operations, however, there is no assurance that such impacts will not be material in the future. In providing services and solutions to clients, we may be required to manage, utilize and store sensitive or confidential client data, possibly including personal data, and we anticipate these activities to increase, including through the use of artificial intelligence, the internet of things and analytics. Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential client data, whether through systems failure, employee negligence, fraud, misappropriation, or other intentional or unintentional acts, could damage our reputation, could cause us to lose clients and could result in significant financial exposure. Similarly, unauthorized access to our or through our or our service providers’ information systems or those we develop for our clients, whether by our employees or third parties, including a cyberattack by computer programmers, hackers, members of organized crime and/or state- sponsored organizations, who continuously develop and deploy viruses, ransomware or other malicious software programs or social engineering attacks, could result in negative publicity, significant remediation costs, legal liability, damage to our reputation and government sanctions and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Cybersecurity threats are constantly expanding and evolving, thereby increasing the difficulty of detecting and defending against them and maintaining effective security measures and protocols. We depend on key personnel who would be difficult to replace, and our business plan will likely be harmed if we lose their services or cannot hire additional qualified personnel. Our success depends substantially on the efforts and abilities of our senior management and certain key personnel. The competition for qualified management and key personnel, especially engineers, is intense. Although we maintain non-competition and non-disclosure covenants with all our key personnel, we do not have employment agreements with most of them. The loss of services of key employees, or the inability to hire, train, and retain key personnel, especially engineers and technical support personnel, could delay the development and sale of our products, disrupt our business, and interfere with our ability to execute our business plan. 10 Due to our dependence on a limited number of customers, we are subject to a concentration of credit risk. For the year ended December 31, 2023, three customers accounted for 48%, 30%, and 11% of revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2022, four customers accounted for 42%, 18%, 14% and 14% of revenues. In all cases, there are no minimum contract values stated. Each contract covers an agreement to deliver a rail inspection portal which, once accepted, must be paid in full, with 30% or more being due and payable prior to delivery. The balances of the contracts are for service and maintenance which is paid annually in advance with revenues recorded ratably over the contract period. As of December 31, 2023, two customers accounted for 83%, and 11% of our accounts receivable. In the case of insolvency by one of our significant customers, accounts receivable with respect to that customer might not be collectible, might not be fully collectible, or might be collectible over longer than normal terms, each of which could adversely affect our financial position. Additionally, our largest customer accounted for approximately 48% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023. This concentration of credit risk makes us more vulnerable economically. The loss of any of these customers could materially reduce our revenues and net income, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Risks Related to Our Common Stock There is currently not an active liquid trading market for the Company’s common stock. Our common stock is quoted on the Nasdaq Capital Market tier under the symbol “DUOT”. However, there is currently limited active trading in our common stock. Although there are periodic volume spikes from time to time, we cannot give an assurance that a consistent, active trading market will develop. If an active market for our common stock develops, there is a significant risk that our stock price may fluctuate in the future in response to any of the following factors, some of which are beyond our control: · Variations in our quarterly operating results; · Announcements that our revenue or income are below analysts’ expectations; · General economic downturns; · Sales of large blocks of our common stock; and · Announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments. 11 You may experience dilution of your ownership interest due to future issuances of our securities. We are in a capital-intensive business, and we may not have sufficient funds to finance the growth of our business or to support our projected capital expenditures. As a result, we may require additional funds from future equity or debt financings, including potential sales of preferred shares or convertible debt, to complete the development of new projects and pay the general and administrative costs of our business. We may in the future issue our previously authorized and unissued securities, resulting in the dilution of the ownership interests of holders of our common stock. We are currently authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of common stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock. We may also issue additional shares of common stock or other securities that are convertible into or exercisable for common stock in future public offerings or private placements for capital raising purposes or for other business purposes. The future issuance of a substantial number of shares of common stock into the public market, or the perception that such issuance could occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common shares. A decline in the price of our common stock could make it more difficult to raise funds through future offerings of our common stock or securities convertible into common stock. Our Board of Directors may issue and fix the terms of shares of our Preferred Stock without stockholder approval, which could adversely affect the voting power of holders of our Common Stock or any change in control of our Company. Our Articles of Incorporation authorize the issuance of up to 10,000,000 shares of "blank check" preferred stock, with such designations rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors is empowered, without shareholder approval, to issue shares of preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights which could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of our common stock. In the event of such issuances, the preferred stock could be used, under certain circumstances, as a method of discouraging, delaying, or preventing a change in control of our Company. We do not expect to pay dividends and investors should not buy our common stock expecting to receive dividends. We do not anticipate that we will declare or pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, you will only realize an economic gain on your investment in our common stock if the price appreciates. You should not purchase our common stock expecting to receive cash dividends. Accordingly, our stockholders will not realize a return on their investment unless the trading price of our common stock appreciates, which is uncertain and unpredictable. In addition, because we do not pay dividends, our common stock may be less attractive, which may cause us to have trouble raising additional funds which could affect our ability to expand our business operations. Our operating results are likely to fluctuate from period to period. We anticipate that there may be significant fluctuations in our future operating results. Potential causes of future fluctuations in our operating results may include: · · Period-to-period fluctuations in financial results Issues in manufacturing products · Unanticipated potential product liability claims · The introduction of technological innovations or new commercial products by competitors · The entry into, or termination of, key agreements, including key strategic alliance agreements · The initiation of litigation to enforce or defend any of our intellectual property rights · Regulatory changes · Failure of any of our products to achieve commercial success 12 We are subject to the Florida anti-takeover provisions, which may prevent you from exercising a vote on business combinations, mergers or otherwise. As a Florida corporation, we are subject to certain anti-takeover provisions that apply to public corporations under Florida law. Pursuant to Section 607.0901 of the Florida Business Corporation Act, or the Florida Act, a publicly held Florida corporation, under certain circumstances, may not engage in a broad range of business combinations or other extraordinary corporate transactions with an interested shareholder without the approval of the holders of two-thirds of the voting shares of the corporation (excluding shares held by the interested shareholder). An interested shareholder is defined as a person who together with affiliates and associates beneficially owns more than 15% of a corporation’s outstanding voting shares. We have not made an election in our amended Articles of Incorporation to opt out of Section 607.0901. In addition, we are subject to Section 607.0902 of the Florida Act which prohibits the voting of shares in a publicly held Florida corporation that are acquired in a control-share acquisition unless (i) our board of directors approved such acquisition prior to its consummation or (ii) after such acquisition, in lieu of prior approval by our board of directors, the holders of a majority of the corporation’s voting shares, exclusive of shares owned by officers of the corporation, employee directors or the acquiring party, approve the granting of voting rights as to the shares acquired in the control-share acquisition. A control-share acquisition is defined as an acquisition that immediately thereafter entitles the acquiring party to 20% or more of the total voting power in an election of directors. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. None. Item 1C. Cybersecurity Risk Management We have in place certain infrastructure, systems, policies, and procedures that are designed to proactively and reactively address circumstances that arise when an unexpected cybersecurity incident occurs. These include processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. Our internal procedures dictate that we evaluate and evolve our security measures as appropriate. Identifying, assessing, and managing cybersecurity risk is integrated into our overall internal controls approach. Additionally, we have in place cybersecurity and data privacy policies designed to (a) respond to new requirements in global privacy laws and (b) prevent, detect, respond to, mitigate and recover from identified and significant cybersecurity threats. Refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this annual report on Form 10-K for additional information about cybersecurity-related risks. Governance During the first quarter of 2024, information security matters reporting, including managing and assessing risks from cybersecurity threats, have been established under the oversight of the Audit Committee of the Board or the “Audit Committee.” The Audit Committee also reviews the adequacy and effectiveness of the Company’s information security policies and practices and the internal controls regarding information security risks. Our security efforts are managed by a team of IT professionals who oversee the daily responsibilities of managing cybersecurity identification and threats. Going forward, the Audit Committee receives regular information security updates from management, including our Chief Technology Officer, who the board designated as the Chief Information Security Officer. The management team has established a quarterly rhythm to keep the Board and Audit Committee apprised of identified risks, ongoing risk management and changes in procedure to ensure transparency in the Company’s governance over cybersecurity. Item 2. Properties. On July 26, 2021, the Company entered a new operating lease agreement of office and warehouse combination space of 40,000 square feet with the lease commencing on November 1, 2021 and ending May 31, 2032, This additional space allows for resource growth and engineering efforts for operations before deploying to the field. The rent for the first twelve months of the term were calculated as rentable base space on 30,000 square feet. The rent is subject to an annual escalation of 2.5%, beginning December 1, 2022. The Company made a security deposit payment in the amount of $600,000 on July 26, 2021. The Company has applied the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”) in the fourth quarter of 2021 The Company now has a total of office and warehouse space of 40,000 square feet. Rental expense for the office lease during 2023 and 2022 was $781,638 and $782,591, respectively. 13 Item 3. Legal Proceedings. From time to time, we may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of our operations in the normal course of business. We are currently not involved in any litigation that we believe could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our Company or any of our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our Company, our common stock, any of our subsidiaries or any of our Company’s or our subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures. Not Applicable. 14 PART II Item 5. Market for Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. Market Information Our common stock is quoted on the Nasdaq Capital Markets (“Nasdaq”) under the trading symbol “DUOT”. Authorized Capital The Company is authorized to issue an aggregate number of 510,000,000 shares of capital stock, of which 10,000,000 shares are blank check preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 500,000,000 shares are common stock, $0.001 par value per share. Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Our board of directors has designated 500,000 of the 10,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we have no shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, respectively. Series B Convertible Preferred Stock Our board of directors has designated 15,000 of the 10,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. Each share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock was convertible at any time at the holder’s option into a number of shares of common stock equal to $1,000 divided by the conversion price of $7.00 per share. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we could not effect any conversion of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, with certain exceptions, to the extent that, after giving effect to an attempted conversion, the holder of shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (together with such holder’s affiliates, and any persons acting as a group together with such holder or any of such holder’s affiliates) would beneficially own a number of shares of our common stock in excess of 4.99% (or, at the election of the purchaser, 9.99%) of the shares of our common stock then outstanding after giving effect to such conversion. Holders of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock voted on an as converted basis on all matters on which the holders of common stock are entitled to vote, subject to beneficial ownership limitations. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there are 0 and 0 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, respectively. Series C Convertible Preferred Stock On February 26, 2021, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain existing investors in the Company (the “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchasers purchased 4,500 shares of a newly authorized Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series C Convertible Preferred Stock”), and the Company received proceeds of $4,500,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there are 0 and 0 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, respectively. Under the Purchase Agreement, the Company was required to hold a meeting of shareholders at the earliest practical date, and such meeting occurred on July 15, 2021. Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5635(d) limits the number of shares of common stock (or securities that are convertible into common stock) that can be issued in a transaction other than a public offering without shareholder approval. The rule required shareholder approval for us to issue shares of common stock underlying the Series C Preferred Stock which equal 20% or more of our Common Stock outstanding before the issuance at a price less than the lower of the price immediately preceding the signing of the Purchase Agreement or the average of the price for the five trading days immediately preceding such signing. We received the shareholder approval at the meeting held on July 15, 2021. 15 In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Purchasers. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company filed with the SEC a registration statement covering the resale by the Purchasers of the shares of common stock into which the shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock were convertible. The Company caused the registration statement to be declared effective on June 3, 2021. The Registration Rights Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. The Company’s Board of Directors has designated 5,000 shares as the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock. Each share of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated value of $1,000. The holders of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, the holders of the common stock and the holders of any other class or series of shares entitled to vote with the common stock shall vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Company. Each share of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock had 172 votes (subject to adjustment); provided that in no event may a holder of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock be entitled to vote a number of shares in excess of such holder’s Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined in the Certificate of Designation). Each share of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock was convertible, at any time and from time to time, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of common stock (subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) determined by dividing the stated value of such share ($1,000) by the conversion price, which was $5.50 (subject to adjustment). Series D Convertible Preferred Stock On September 28, 2022 the Company amended its articles of incorporation to designate 4,000 shares as the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series D Convertible Preferred Stock”). Each share of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated value of $1,000. The holders of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, the holders of the common stock and the holders of any other class or series of shares entitled to vote with the common stock shall vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Company. Each share of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock has 333 votes (subject to standard anti-dilution adjustment); provided that in no event may a holder of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock be entitled to vote a number of shares in excess of such holder’s Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined in the Certificate of Designation and as described below). Each share of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible, at any time and from time to time, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of common stock (subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) determined by dividing the stated value of such share ($1,000) by the conversion price, which is $3.00 (subject to adjustment). The Company shall not effect any conversion of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, and a holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion sought by the holder such holder (together with such holder’s Attribution Parties (as defined in the Certificate of Designation)) would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or upon election by a holder, 19.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). All holders of the Series D Preferred Stock have elected the 19.99% Beneficial Ownership Limitation. The Company reserves and keeps available out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, solely for the issuance upon the conversion of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, such a number of shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be issuable upon the conversion of all of the shares of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock then outstanding. Additionally, the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock does not have the right to dividends (other than any dividends payable on the common stock on an as converted basis) and in the event of an involuntary liquidation, the Series D shares shall be treated as a pro rata equivalent of common stock outstanding at the date of the liquidation event and have no liquidation preference. On September 30, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain existing investors in the Company (the “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchasers purchased 999 shares of the newly authorized Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, and the Company received proceeds of $999,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. On October 29, 2022, the Company sold to an existing investor in the Company 300 shares of Series D Preferred Stock at a price of $1,000 a share, resulting in gross proceeds of $300,000 to the Company. In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Purchasers. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company filed with the SEC a registration statement covering the resale by the Purchasers of the shares of common stock into which the shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock are convertible. The Registration Rights Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. On May 16, 2023 Series D Convertible Preferred received approval at the shareholders meeting for conversion to common stock. On March 22, 2024, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements with certain accredited investors. Pursuant to one agreement (the “Series D Purchase Agreement”), the Company issued an aggregate of 500 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock and the Company received proceeds of $500,000. On March 28, 2024, the Company entered into one additional agreement with an accredited investor and issued an additional 120 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred and received proceeds of $120,000. The Series D Preferred Stock was sold at $1,000 a share. The Series D Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements, and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 there are 1,299 and 1,299 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, respectively. 16 Series E Convertible Preferred Stock The Company’s Board of Directors has designated 30,000 shares as the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series E Convertible Preferred Stock”). Each share of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated value of $1,000. The holders of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, the holders of the common stock and the holders of any other class or series of shares entitled to vote with the common stock shall vote as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Company. Each share of Series E Preferred Stock has 333 votes (subject to adjustment); provided that in no event may a holder of Series E Preferred Stock be entitled to vote a number of shares in excess of such holder’s Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Each share of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible, subject to shareholder approval (which has not yet been granted); at any time and from time to time, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of common stock (subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) determined by dividing the stated value of such share ($1,000) by the conversion price, which is $3.00 (subject to adjustment). The Company shall not effect any conversion of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, and the holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion sought by the holder such holder (together with such holder’s Attribution Parties (as defined in the Certificate of Designation)) would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or upon election by a holder, 19.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). All holders of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock elected the 19.99% Beneficial Ownership Limitation The Company on March 27, 2023 entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an existing investor in the Company (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser purchased 4,000 shares of a newly authorized Series E Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $1,000 per share, and the Company received proceeds of $4,000,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. The investor’s Purchase Agreement also provided that the Company would not, with certain exceptions, sell or issue common stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) on or prior to December 31, 2023 that entitled any person to acquire shares of common stock at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock without the consent of the Purchaser. On November 9, 2023, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "November Purchase Agreement") with certain existing investors in the Company (the "Purchasers"). Pursuant to the November Purchase Agreement, the Purchasers purchased an aggregate of 2,500 shares of Series E Preferred Stock and the Company received aggregate proceeds of $2,500,000. The Series E Preferred Stock was sold at $1,000 a share. The November Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. The terms of the Series E Preferred Stock were previously disclosed in the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 28, 2023 and the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of the Series E Preferred Stock was filed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K. The November Purchase Agreement also provides that the Company will not, with certain exceptions, sell or issue common stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the November Purchase Agreement) on or prior to June 30, 2024 that entitles any person to acquire shares of common stock at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series E Preferred Stock without the consent of the Purchasers. The conversion price of the Series E Preferred Stock currently is $3.00 per share (subject to adjustment). The Purchasers under the November Purchase Agreement also were the holders of the Company's Series F Preferred Stock issued on August 2, 2023. The purchase agreement relating to the shares of Series F Preferred Stock required the consent of the holders in the event the Company were to issue common stock or rights to acquire common stock prior to December 31, 2023 at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series F Preferred Stock, which was $6.20 per share. As a result, on November 10, 2023 the Company and the holders of the Series F Preferred Stock entered into Exchange Agreements pursuant to which the holders of Series F Preferred Stock exchanged their 5,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock for an equal number of shares of Series E Preferred Stock. As a result of the November Purchase Agreement and the Exchange Agreements, the Company issued a total of 7,500 shares of Series E Preferred Stock and the 5,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock were cancelled. On March 22, 2024, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements with certain accredited investors. Pursuant to one agreement (the “Series E Purchase Agreement”), the Company issued an aggregate of 2,125 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock and the Company received proceeds of $2,125,000. The Series E Preferred Stock was sold at $1,000 a share. The Series E Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements, and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, there were 11,500 and 0 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. Series F Convertible Preferred Stock On August 1, 2023, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an existing, accredited investor in the Company (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement on August 2, 2023, the Purchaser purchased 5,000 shares of a newly authorized Series F Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series F Convertible Preferred Stock”), and the Company received proceeds of $5,000,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. The Company's Board of Directors designated 5,000 shares as the Series F Preferred Stock. Each share of Series F Preferred Stock was convertible, at any time and from time to time, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of common stock (subject to the beneficial ownership limitation described below) determined by dividing the stated value of such share ($1,000) by the conversion price, which was $6.20 (subject to adjustment). The Company, however, shall not effect any conversion of the Series F Preferred Stock, and the holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of the Series F Preferred Stock, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion sought by the holder such holder (together with such holder’s Attribution Parties (as defined in the Certificate of Designation)) would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or upon election by a holder, 19.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion. The purchasers of the Series F Preferred Stock elected that their ownership limitation would be 19.99%. 17 The holders of the Series F Preferred Stock, the holders of the common stock and the holders of any other class or series of shares entitled to vote with the common stock shall vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Company. Each share of Series F Preferred Stock has 161 votes (subject to adjustment); provided that in no event may a holder of Series F Preferred Stock be entitled to vote a number of shares in excess of such holder’s ownership limitation. The Company also agreed that it would not, with certain exceptions, sell or issue common stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the Purchase Agreement relating to the Series F Preferred Stock) on or prior to December 31, 2023 that entitled any person to acquire shares of common stock at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series F Preferred Stock without the consent of the holders. As a result of that agreement, upon the issuance of 2,500 shares of Series E Preferred Stock (which have a conversion price of $3.00 per share) on November 10, 2023, the holders exchanged their 5,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock for 5,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock. All of the shares of Series F Preferred Stock thereupon were cancelled. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, there were 0 and 0 shares of Series F Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. Approximate Number of Equity Security Holders As of March 28, 2024, there were approximately 3,070 holders of record of our common stock, and the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on March 28, 2024 was $4.34 per share. Dividend To date, we have not paid any dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying any such dividends in the foreseeable future. The declaration and payment of dividends on the common stock is at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our operating results, financial condition, capital requirements, contractual restrictions or such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. We currently expect to use all available funds to finance the future development and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities There were no unregistered sales of the Company’s equity securities during 2023 that were not previously disclosed in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or in a Current Report on Form 8-K. Item 6. Reserved 18 Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. This Form 10-K and other reports filed by the Company from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) contain or may contain forward-looking statements and information that are based upon beliefs of, and information currently available to, the Company’s management as well as estimates and assumptions made by Company’s management. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are only predictions and speak only as of the date hereof. When used in the filings, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions as they relate to the Company or the Company’s management identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect the current view of the Company with respect to future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors, including the risks contained in the “Risk Factors” section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, relating to the Company’s industry, the Company’s operations and results of operations, and any businesses that the Company may acquire. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ significantly from those anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended, or planned. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, the Company does not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Our consolidated financial statements would be affected to the extent there are material differences between these estimates and actual results. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by GAAP and does not require management’s judgment in its application. There are also areas in which management’s judgment in selecting any available alternative would not produce a materially different result. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report. Overview We intend for this discussion to provide information that will assist in understanding our financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles affect our financial statements. Plan of Operation The Company’s growth strategy includes expansion of its technology base through organic development efforts, strategic partnerships, and strategic acquisitions where appropriate. The Company provides its broad range of technology solutions with an emphasis on the Vision Technology market sector and, more specifically, the Machine Vision subsector. Machine Vision companies provide imaging-based automatic inspection and analysis for process control for industry with potential expansion into other markets. Duos is currently developing industry solutions for its target markets which will address rail, trucking, aviation and other vehicle-based processes. Duos’ initial offering, the Railcar Inspection Portal (RIP), provides both freight and transit railroad customers and select government agencies the ability to conduct fully automated railcar inspections of trains while they are moving at full speed. Specifically, based upon the current and anticipated business growth, the Company is investing in resources to focus on execution within its target markets. We continue to evaluate key requirements within those markets, our go-to-market strategy and add development resources to allow us to compete for additional projects to drive additional revenue growth. 19 Prospects and Outlook The Company’s focus is to improve operational and technical execution which, we believe, will in turn enable the commercial side of the business to expand RIP and ALIS delivery into existing customers and to expand and diversify our current customer base. The Company’s primary customers have indicated readiness to order more equipment and services should the Company execute as expected on key deliverables. With the Company working toward a subscription platform approach and its expansion of its artificial intelligence offering, this will also open up additional commercial avenues to the Company. Historically, the Company has been focused on large, one-time sales with the subscription opportunities representing an expanded addressable market with emphasis on recurring revenues. Additionally, the Company is making engineering and software upgrades to the RIP to meet anticipated Federal Railroad Association (FRA) and Association of American Railroad (AAR) standards. These upgrades will continue to be released throughout 2024 and are expected to drive revenue growth this year and beyond. The Company is expanding its focus in the rail industry to encompass passenger transportation and was awarded a large, multi-year contract with a national rail carrier. The Company anticipates that it will install a two-RIP solution for the carrier in 2024, with a long-term services agreement commencing upon delivery of the system. Although the Company’s prospects for future revenue growth are anticipated to be favorable, investing in our securities involves risk and careful consideration should be made before deciding to purchase our securities. There are many risks that affect our business and results of operations, some of which are beyond our control and unexpected macro events can have a severe impact on the business. Please see the risk factors identified in “Item 1A – Risk Factors” elsewhere in this Annual Report. Results of Operations The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in this report. For the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to December 31, 2022 The following table sets forth a summary of our Consolidated Statements of Operations that is used in the following discussions of our results of operations: Revenues Cost of revenues Gross margin Operating expenses Loss from operations Other income Net loss For the Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ 7,471,198 $ 6,162,317 1,308,881 12,755,447 (11,446,566) 204,848 (11,241,718) $ 15,012,366 10,264,263 4,748,103 11,613,252 (6,865,149) 366 (6,864,783) 20 Revenues Revenues: Technology systems Services and consulting Total revenues 2023 For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 % Change $ $ 3,618,022 $ 3,853,176 11,190,292 3,822,074 7,471,198 $ 15,012,366 -68% 1% -50% For the full year 2023, there was a 50% decrease in overall revenues compared to 2022. This decrease was primarily driven by the substantial completion of two freight RIP projects, alongside ongoing procurement and manufacturing for our transit-focused RIPs in 2022. However, in 2023, despite progress into the advanced stages of procurement and manufacturing for the transit-focused RIPs, customer-driven delays beyond the Company’s control arose during the ongoing production of the two high-speed transit- focused RIPs and thus resulted in timing delays of the overall project delivery timeline shifting anticipated revenues into 2024. For the full year 2023, there was a small increase in services and consulting revenues as there were one-time services performed in 2022, related to major site maintenance and repairs for a single customer which did not occur in 2023. Underlying recurring revenues climbed by approximately 23% on a year-over-year basis. This growth is fueled by the expansion of service contracts following the completion of new portals in early 2023, coupled with the deployment of AI services deployed with several customers. The Company is focusing on increasing its business from services and the increase is the result of new contracts for existing and new systems which the Company anticipates will continue growing throughout 2024 and beyond. The Company continues to navigate delays outside of the Company's control related to the ongoing production and installation of our two high-speed transit-focused Railcar Inspection Portals. Management cautions that because of the delays in anticipated start dates, certain installations may produce revenues towards the end of 2024. These deferrals resulted in a slightly lower revenue growth performance than originally anticipated. However, the bulk of these deferred revenues are expected to be reported in 2024. While customer-driven delays in the installation of our high-speed transit-focused Railcar Inspection Portals have impacted revenue growth timing year-over-year, the Company's capital structure remains resilient, allowing us to pursue large projects despite unexpected delays. It should be noted that the Company recently increased its working capital to account for an increase in pre-contract procurement activities to avoid a slowdown in revenues caused by delays in receiving certain components as had been the case in previous years. The Company undertook a major review of operations during 2021 and made significant changes in staffing including additional engineering staff and revamping its software development and Artificial Intelligence staffing. These efforts have yielded benefits throughout 2022, 2023 and beyond. Overall, in 2023, the Company achieved notable success in advancing procurement and manufacturing for its transit-focused RIPs, expanding service contracts, and securing new AI contracts and growing its AI portfolio, including the announcement of its inaugural subscription customer. Recurring revenue from services and consulting continues to grow and is expected to contribute significantly to future revenue streams, bolstered by new long-term contracts with existing customers expected to commence in the coming months. Cost of Revenues Cost of revenues: Technology systems Services and consulting Total cost of revenues 2023 For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 % Change $ $ 4,352,247 $ 1,810,070 6,162,317 $ 8,376,649 1,887,614 10,264,263 -48% -4% -40% 21 Cost of revenues largely comprises equipment, certain fixed labor and overhead necessary to support the implementation of new systems and support and maintenance of existing systems. Cost of revenues on technology systems decreased during the period compared to the equivalent period in 2022 in-line with the decline in project revenues. The decline in costs generally follows the same trend as project revenues year-over-year as a result of an overall timing difference of major project work related to the substantial completion of two freight Railcar Inspection Portals and subsequent progression of procurement and manufacturing for the transit-focused RIPs compared to the equivalent period in 2023 where the Company continued to progress into the advanced stages of procurement and manufacturing of the transit-focused RIPs, which it anticipates completing during 2024. These internal costs are being recognized against project and support revenues with a similar reduction in costs previously recognized for research and development, engineering and internal support. The project costs reflect subsequent allocations of fixed costs related to the staff and departmental costs associated with procurement, manufacturing and installation of RIP installations. As such, in 2023, this fixed component contributed to a negative margin on the Technology systems revenues. In concert with this, there is a continued focus on construction costs and savings through efficiency, but the Company has elected to retain its key employees in anticipation of expected sales growth in technology systems and services in 2024 and beyond. Cost of revenues decreased on services and consulting year-over-year. The decrease in costs was a result of one-time services performed in 2022, related to major site maintenance and repairs for a single customer slightly offset by additional services costs related to the completion of two new freight portals in early 2023. The Company continues to put into service additional artificial intelligence algorithms and maintenance and support services which are high margin and represent only marginal increases in the requisite costs to deliver these services. Gross Margin Revenues Cost of revenues Gross margin 2023 For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 % Change $ $ 7,471,198 $ 6,162,317 1,308,881 $ 15,012,366 10,264,263 4,748,103 -50% -40% -72% Gross margin showed a decrease for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022. As noted above, the decline in margin was a direct result of an increased level of business activity the Company recognized in 2022 related to the delivery of two freight portals and the progression of the transit-focused RIPs compared to the activity in 2023 as well as project delays that were experienced in the latter half of 2023. The business activity in 2023 consisted primarily of continued progression into the advanced stages of procurement and manufacturing for the transit-focused RIPs. The Company began to recognize revenue and profit on those activities in accordance with its revenue recognition policy. The recognition of the revenue and subsequent profit from these projects, as well as underlying services and maintenance revenues from existing and recently completed projects, coupled with the previously mentioned fixed departmental costs resulted in a gross margin of approximately 18%. By comparison for the full- year 2022, the Company had increased business activity from a handful of projects primarily related to the substantial completion of two freight RIPs along with significant progress made on the procurement and manufacturing of our two transit-focused RIPs. The recognition of the revenue and subsequent profit from these major projects, as well as underlying services and maintenance revenues from existing projects, resulted in a 32% gross margin in 2022. 22 Operating Expenses Operating expenses: Sales and marketing Research and development General and Administration Total operating expense 2023 1,493,309 $ 1,812,951 9,449,187 12,755,447 $ $ $ For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 % Change 1,337,186 1,651,064 8,625,002 11,613,252 12% 10% 10% 10% Overall operating expenses were higher by 10% in 2023 as compared to the full-year 2022. There was a 12% increase in sales and marketing related to increased investment into the capability of the commercial team, including the addition of professionals with extensive experience and leadership in the rail industry. Research and development costs saw a 10% uptick during the year, driven by the increased personnel costs related to the departments allocated to R&D. Additionally, a 10% increase in general and administration costs was influenced by several factors, including non-cash amortization charges associated with roughly 400,000 share options that were issued during 2023 as well as an increase in incentive programs tied to certain 2022 performance targets. These efforts reflect a focus on employee retention and to drive higher performance and attract and retain better quality resources in a tight labor market. The Company still faces some pressure on existing staff compensation as a result of inflation in prior years but remains focused to manage and stabilize administrative costs without interruption to customer service. Other factors driving the increase in general and administration costs include an increase in depreciation charges linked to capitalized AI development cost for third party support to expand Duos’ AI catalog to over 40 algorithms by the end of 2023. Lastly the Company saw increased general and administration costs related to a financing deal which was ultimately not consummated with a bank as well as additional legal and consulting fees related to intellectual property and patents documentation and support. These changes in expenses reflect the Company's ongoing efforts to invest in talent, expand capabilities, and drive growth in line with its operating plan. Loss From Operations The losses from operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were $11,446,566 and $6,865,149, respectively. The increase in losses from operations during the year was the result of declining system revenues stemming from a decrease in business activity as well as project delays experienced in the latter half of 2023 that were beyond the Company’s control. The Company has continued to face inflation and supply chain pressures during 2023 and, as normal course of business, has worked to balance these impacts through management of customer contracts and cost control efforts. Interest Expense Interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $7,159 and $9,191, respectively. The reduction in interest expense was primarily attributed to the extinguishment of equipment financing payables in 2023 that were present during 2022. Other Income Other income for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $212,007 and $9,557, respectively. The increase is mainly attributable to the Company's sale of its iCAS assets to a purchaser in the second quarter of 2023 for $165,000 through a convertible note. Net Loss The net loss for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $11,241,718 and $6,864,783, respectively. The increase in net loss is primarily attributable to the decrease in project activity in 2023 compared to 2022, offset slightly with an increase in the Company’s recurring services and consulting. Net loss per common share was $1.56 and $1.11 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Liquidity and Capital Resources As of December 31, 2023, the Company has a cash balance of $2,441,842 and an Accounts Receivable balance of $1,462,463. 23 Cash Flows The following table sets forth the major components of our statements of cash flows data for the periods presented: Net cash used in operating activities Net cash used in investing activities Net cash provided in financing activities Net increase (decrease) in cash For the Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ (8,746,564) $ (1,093,909) 11,161,223 1,320,750 $ (7,873,307) (644,888) 8,745,567 227,372 Net cash used in operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $8,746,564 and $7,873,307, respectively. The increase in net cash used in operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 was the result of expenditures related to current projects as previously discussed as well as expenditures related to projects which the Company anticipates will be completed in 2024. In addition, there are several changes in assets and liabilities that increased the use of cash in operations including decreases in accounts payable, accrued expenses and the operating lease obligation. Net cash used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $1,093,909 and $644,888, respectively. The Company continued to invest in computing, lab equipment, internal use software and artificial intelligence detections development as reflected in the year-over-year increase in 2023. Net cash provided in financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $11,161,223 and $8,745,567, respectively. Cash flows provided by financing activities during 2023 were primarily attributable to gross proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock to shareholders in the amount of $11,500,000, offset by $25,797 in issuance costs. 2023 marked an increase from 2022 financing activities of $8,745,567. During 2023, we funded our operations through the sale of our equity (or equity linked) securities, and through revenues generated and cash received from ongoing project execution, services and associated maintenance revenues. As of March 27, 2024, we have cash on hand of approximately $3,329,753 after an equity capital raise in March 2024 which provided net proceeds of $2,745,000. We have approximately $165,500 in monthly lease and other mandatory payments, not including payroll and ordinary expenses which are due monthly. On a long-term basis, our liquidity is dependent on the continuation and expansion of operations and receipt of revenues. Our current capital and access to further capital and revenues are sufficient to fund such expansion we are now less dependent on timely payments by our customers for projects and work in process, however we expect such timely payments to continue. Material cash requirements will be satisfied within the normal course of business including substantial upfront payments from our customers prior to starting projects. In some cases, the Company may elect to purchase materials and supplies in advance of contract award but where there is a high probability of that award. Most, if not all, high value items that are pre-purchased, can be re-purposed if necessary. The maximum amount of material cash requirements not currently supported by up- front customer deposits is expected to be less than $1 million. Demand for the products and services will be dependent on, among other things, market acceptance of our products and services, the technology market in general, and general economic conditions, which are cyclical in nature. In as much as a major portion of our activities is the receipt of revenues from the sales of our products and services, our business operations may be adversely affected by our competitors and prolonged recession periods although these are not considered to be a factor at present. In the event of expansion into owning and operating its own Railcar Inspection Portals, the Company’s cash requirements and timing may shift. Specifically, the Company would endeavor to buy all materials ahead of time and invest in the RIP with follow-on contracts for long-term services and licensing. While this would shift the Company’s cash requirements, it anticipates a 12 – 18-month cash break-even point for each site and an opportunity for improved cash flows over time with high-margin agreements with the investment bolstered by access to further funding via common stock and private placement offerings. Liquidity Under Accounting Codification ASC 205, Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) (“ASC 205-40”), the Company has the responsibility to evaluate whether conditions and/or events raise substantial doubt about its ability to meet its future financial obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. As required by ASC 205-40, this evaluation shall initially not take into consideration the potential mitigating effects of plans that have not been fully implemented as of the date the financial statements are issued. Management has assessed the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in accordance with the requirement of ASC 205-40. 24 As reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company had a net loss of $11,241,718 for the year ended December 31, 2023. During the same period, cash used in operating activities was $8,746,564. The working capital surplus and accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2023, were $3,009,842 and $63,603,552, respectively. In previous financial reports, the Company had raised substantial doubt about continuing as a going concern. This was principally due to a lack of working capital prior to an underwritten offerings and private placements which were completed during the first, third and fourth quarters of 2022, the first, third and fourth quarters of 2023, as well as the first quarter of 2024. As previously noted, the Company was successful during 2023 in raising gross proceeds of over $11,500,000 from the sale of Series E and F Preferred Stock. Additionally, late in the first quarter of 2024, the Company raised gross proceeds of $2,745,000 from the issuance of a combination of Series D and E Preferred Stock (See Note 17). As part of its strategy, the Company will endeavor to utilize the Preferred Series E and the remainder of the Series D as additional funding mechanisms. Additionally, during the second quarter of 2024, the Company will again have access to its S-3 “shelf registration” statement allowing the Company to sell additional common shares. At the time of this document, the Company estimates that it has available capacity on its shelf registration which it can utilize to bolster working capital and growth of the business in the event it did not have an uptake in the preferred classes of shares previously noted. Although additional investment is not assured, the Company is comfortable that it would be able to raise sufficient capital to support expanded operations based on an anticipated increase in business activity. In the long run, the continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the ability of the Company to continue executing its business plan, generate enough revenue, and attain consistently profitable operations. Although the lingering effects of the global pandemic related to the coronavirus (Covid-19) previously affected our operations, particularly in our supply chain, we now believe that the supply chain lags have largely been abated. We have analyzed our cash flow under “stress test” conditions and have determined that we have sufficient liquid assets on hand or available via the capital markets to maintain operations for at least twelve months from the issuance date of this report. In addition, management has taken and continues to take actions including, but not limited to, elimination of certain costs that do not contribute to short term revenue, and re- aligning both management and staffing with a focus on improving certain skill sets necessary to build growth and profitability and focusing product strategy on opportunities that are likely to bear results in the relatively short term. The Company believes that, with the combination of commercial sales success, Series E Preferred Stock offering coupled with an S-3 shelf registration availability starting in the second quarter of 2024, it will have sufficient working capital to meet its obligations over the following twelve months. In the last twelve months the Company has seen growth in its contracted backlog as well as significant, positive signs from new commercial projects that indicate improvements in future revenues. Management believes that, at this time, the conditions in our market space with ongoing contract delays and the additional time needed to execute on new contracts previously reported have put a strain on our cash reserves. However, recent private placements as well as the availability to raise capital via its shelf registration indicate there is no substantial doubt for the Company to continue as a going concern for a period of twelve months. We continue executing the plan to grow our business and achieve profitability. The Company may selectively look at opportunities for fund raising in the future. Management has extensively evaluated our requirements for the next 12 months and has determined that the Company currently has sufficient cash and access to capital to operate for at least that period. While no assurance can be provided, management believes that these actions provide the opportunity for the Company to continue as a going concern and to grow its business and achieve profitability with access to additional capital funding. Ultimately the continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the ability of the Company to continue executing the plan described above which was put in place in late 2022 and will continue in 2024 and beyond. As a result, we expect to generate sufficient revenue and to attain profitable operations with minimal cash use in the next 12-18 months. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. 25 Critical Accounting Estimates Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue over time using a cost-based input methodology in which significant judgment is required to estimate costs to complete projects. These estimated costs are then used to determine the progress towards contract completion and the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize. The Company follows the principles in ASC 606 which include the following: a contract with a customer creates distinct contract assets and performance obligations, satisfaction of a performance obligation creates revenue, and a performance obligation is satisfied upon transfer of control to a good or service to a customer. Revenue is recognized by evaluating the Company revenue contracts with customers based on the five-step model under ASC 606: Identify the contract with the customer Identify the performance obligations in the contract 1. 2. 3. Determine the transaction price 4. Allocate the transaction price to separate performance obligations; and 5. Recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied. The Company generates revenue from four sources: 1. Technology Systems 2. AI Technologies 3. Technical Support 4. Consulting Services Stock Based Compensation The Company accounts for employee and non-employee stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718-10, “Share-Based Payment,” which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors including stock options, restricted stock units, and employee stock purchases based on estimated fair values. The stock-based compensation carries a graded vesting feature subject to the condition of time of employment service with awarded stock-based compensation tranches vesting evenly upon the anniversary date of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula. In accordance with ASC 718-10-35-8, the Company elected to recognize the fair value of the stock award using the graded vesting method as time of employment service is the criteria for vesting. The Company amortizes the fair value of the stock award over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. The Company’s determination of fair value using an option-pricing model is affected by the stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly subjective variables. The Company estimates volatility based upon the historical stock price of the Company and estimates the expected term for stock options using the simplified method for employees and directors and the contractual term for non-employees. The risk-free rate is determined based upon the prevailing rate of United States Treasury securities with similar maturities. 26 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Not applicable. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. Our consolidated financial statements are contained in pages F-1 through F-35 which appear at the end of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures. There are no reportable events under this item for the year ended December 31, 2023. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures With the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Based upon such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller have concluded that, as of the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller, evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth in the framework contained in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of the end of the period covered by this report based on those criteria. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors, and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. With the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Based upon such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller have concluded that, as of the end of such period, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a- 15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the year ended December 31, 2023, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) for the quarter ended December 31, 2023, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting. Item 9B. Other Information. Trading Plans During the quarter ended December 31, 2023, no director or Section 16 officer adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements (in each case, as defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K). Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections Not applicable. 27 Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance PART III The following is a list of our executive officers and directors. All directors serve one-year terms or until their successors are duly qualified and elected or his earlier resignation, removal or disqualification. The officers of the Company are elected by the Board. Name Charles P. Ferry Andrew W. Murphy Kenneth Ehrman(1) Frank Lonegro (2) Ned Mavrommatis (3) James Craig Nixon (4) ——————— (1) Chairman of our Board of Directors, member of the Compensation Committee, Chairman of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee, and resigned his Position Chief Executive Officer, Director Chief Financial Officer Chairman Director Director Director Age 57 40 52 55 52 63 membership of the Audit Committee effective April 1, 2024. Independent Director and Member of the Audit Committee effective April l, 2024. (2) (3) Chairman of the Audit Committee, member of the Compensation Committee and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. (4) Chairman of the Compensation Committee, member of the Audit Committee and the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. Charles P. Ferry, Chief Executive Officer, Director Mr. Ferry was appointed Chief Executive Officer, effective September 1, 2020. Mr. Ferry was then elected as a member of our Board of Directors on November 19, 2020 by our shareholders. Mr. Ferry combines over three years of experience in the energy industry and seven years in the defense contracting industry following 26 years of active-duty service in the United States Army. From 2018 through 2020, Mr. Ferry was the Chief Executive Officer for APR Energy, a global fast-track power company. Prior to this, Mr. Ferry was the President and Chief Operating Officer of APR Energy from 2016 to 2018. From 2014 to 2016, Mr. Ferry was the General Manager for ARMA Global Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of General Dynamics, a defense contracting company that delivered Information Technology engineering, services, and logistics. Mr. Ferry was the Vice President of ARMA Global Corporation from 2010 to 2014 before being acquired by General Dynamics. From 2009 to 2010, Mr. Ferry was the Director, Business Development and Operations at Lockheed-Martin. His leadership assignments in the U.S. Army include: Director, NORAD-NORTHCOM Current Operations, Infantry Battalion Task Force Commander, Joint Special Operations Task Force Commander, Regimental and Battalion Operations Officer, and Airborne Rifle Company Commander. His military leadership assignments include 48 months of combat in Somalia, Afghanistan and Iraq. Mr. Ferry has an undergraduate degree from Brigham Young University. Our Board of Directors believes Mr. Ferry brings significant commercial and operational experience to the Company and has shown demonstrable leadership skills as both a Military officer with a distinguished service record and in leading companies to profitable growth. 28 Andrew W. Murphy, Chief Financial Officer Mr. Murphy has over 16 years of progressive business experience in accounting and finance including nearly five years of public company experience for a London Stock Exchange-based company. He joined Duos Technologies, Inc. in 2020 where he served on the Commercial team to support new project bids while also building out the Finance function. Prior to joining Duos, from 2011 to 2020 Mr. Murphy held progressive senior Finance roles within APR Energy, a global fast-track power and asset management company formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). In these roles Mr. Murphy oversaw the pricing & risk management efforts for more than $800 million in new business and asset transactions across the globe. Additionally, he was also responsible for managing the FP&A function as well as supporting M&A activity and the investor relations function during APR Energy’s time on the LSE. Prior to his time with APR, Mr. Murphy served in corporate accounting roles within a Fortune 500 company as well as time working in public accounting with a focus on tax and business services. Mr. Murphy graduated from Jacksonville University “cum laude” with a business degree in Accounting and later received his Master’s degree in Business Administration with a focus in Finance. Kenneth Ehrman, Chairman Mr. Ehrman joined the Board on January 31, 2019. He was elected as Chairman of the Board in November 2020. As an innovator in intelligent machine to machine (MtoM wireless technology) and industrial applications of the internet of things (IoT), Mr. Ehrman has coauthored more than 40 patents in wireless communications, mobile data, asset tracking, power management cargo and impact sensing as well as rental car management. Mr. Ehrman is the founder of Halo Collar, which invented a technology used for the tracking of canines to replace GPS-based wireless fences. Halo Collar has recorded more than 20,000-unit sales since its inception in July 2020. He also currently serves as an independent consultant to several high-technology companies in supply chain/logistics and transportation. Mr. Ehrman advises technology companies focused on solutions for these industries. Prior to joining our Board, Mr. Ehrman served as Chief Executive Officer of I.D. Systems, Inc., a company he founded in 1993 as a Stanford University engineering student. During his tenure at I.D. Systems, he pioneered the commercial use of radio frequency identification technology for industrial asset management and took the company public on the Nasdaq in 1999. Under his leadership, I.D. Systems was named one of North America’s fastest growing technology companies by Deloitte in 2005, 2006, and 2012. Mr. Ehrman received multiple awards during his time at I.D. Systems, including Deloitte Entrepreneur of the Year and Ground Support Worldwide Engineer/Innovator Leader. Mr. Ehrman is also the Chairman of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee as well as a member of the Compensation Committee. The Board believes that Mr. Ehrman’s management experience, engineering expertise and long history and familiarity with industries the Company currently operates in, make him ideally qualified to help lead the Company towards continued growth. Frank A. Lonegro, Director Mr. Lonegro was elected to the Board of Directors on July 19, 2023. Since February 2024, Mr. Lonegro has been the Chief Executive Officer and a board member of Landstar Systems, Inc. (Nasdaq: LSTR), a technology-focused integrated transportation solutions and services provider based in Jacksonville, Florida. From 2020 to early 2024, Mr. Lonegro was an Executive Vice President and the Chief Financial Officer of Beacon Roofing Supply, Inc., the largest publicly traded distributor of roofing materials and complementary building products in North America. Prior to Beacon, he had a nearly 20-year career with CSX Corporation, a Fortune 500 transportation company, where he most recently served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from 2015 to 2019. Mr. Lonegro’s career at CSX entailed a unique blend of cross-functional experience, combining financial, operational and functional executive leadership roles. As Chief Financial Officer, he helped lead transformative operational changes yielding substantial productivity savings and markedly improved operating margins which led to significant stockholder value creation. Prior to his role as Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Lonegro delivered strong results in key leadership roles of increasing responsibility across operations, service, information technology and internal audit. Prior to joining CSX, Mr. Lonegro practiced law for seven years, focusing on complex commercial litigation, loan workouts and business transactions. Mr. Lonegro earned a bachelor’s degree from Duke University, a law degree from the University of Florida and an MBA from the University of Florida. 29 Ned Mavrommatis, Director Mr. Mavrommatis has served as the Chief Financial Officer of Halo Collar since May 2022. The Halo Collar is the newest smart safety system for dogs. Co-founded by Cesar Millan, this patented system utilizes proprietary technology & dog psychology to provide a wireless smart fence, smart training, GPS tracker and activity tracker combined into one easy-to-use smart collar. Prior to Halo Collar Mr. Mavrommatis served as the Chief Financial Officer of PowerFleet, Inc. (NASDAQ: PWFL) from October 2019 to May 2022 and I.D Systems, Inc. (NASDAQ: IDSY) from August 1999 to October 2019. Mr. Mavrommatis started his career in public accounting. Mr. Mavrommatis received a Master of Business Administration in finance from New York University’s Leonard Stern School of Business and a Bachelor of Business Administration in accounting from Bernard M. Baruch College, The City University of New York. Mr. Mavrommatis is also a Certified Public Accountant. James Craig Nixon, Director Mr. Nixon joined our Board of Directors on July 15, 2021 and serves as Chairman of the Compensation Committee and a member of the Audit and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committees. Brigadier General Craig Nixon (Ret.) is a combat decorated, special operations soldier. Over a 29-year Army career, Brigadier General Nixon served in a wide range of assignments including seven tours in special operations units including assignments as the Commander, 75th Ranger Regiment and Director of Operations for Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) and US Special Operations Command. He is a combat decorated soldier whose awards include the Distinguished Service Medal, Silver Star, three Bronze Stars, and the Purple Heart. After retiring from the Army in 2011, he was an original Partner at McChrystal Group, helped create a highly successful leadership consulting company and led their engagements with a number of technology focused Fortune 500 companies. In 2013 he became the Chief Executive Officer of ACADEMI and over three years through a combination of organic growth and acquisitions built Constellis Group, a global leader in security and training with over 10,000 employees in 30 countries. During his tenure Constellis tripled in revenue to over $1 billion annually and saw a fivefold increase in EBITDA. Mr. Nixon is founder and Chief Executive Officer of Nixon Six Solutions from January 2016 until present, a consulting firm focusing on growth and market entry strategy, leadership, and mergers & acquisitions. He is on a number of government and technology boards and is also a frequent speaker on geopolitics, leadership, and veterans’ challenges. Brigadier General Nixon is a graduate of Auburn University and has earned master’s degrees from the Command and Staff College and the Air War College. He is a decorated retired General Officer, successful entrepreneur, and passionate supporter of veteran non-profit organizations. He was selected for the Ranger Hall of Fame and Auburn University at Montgomery Top Fifty Alumni in 2017. Our Board of Directors believes that Mr. Nixon’s extensive military and management experience and familiarity with technology industries make him ideally suited to help lead the Company towards excellence in operations and strategic planning. 30 Key Employees Jeff Necciai, Chief Technology Officer, Operating Subsidiary Duos Technologies, Inc. Mr. Necciai brings over 25 years of experience in designing, developing, and delivering value-driven technology solutions across a wide range of industries to Duos. Prior to joining Duos in January 2021, Jeff served as the Chief Technology Officer of NASCENT Technology, where he cultivated and led high-performing cross-functional product teams to develop and deliver comprehensive gate automation solutions to rail and maritime terminal customers. Jeff was responsible for the solution design and software architecture for many of the company's innovations, including an advanced OCR and imaging solution, proprietary point-to-point VoIP technology, an automated work queue management system, a line of integrated “smart” outdoor IP-based callboxes, and a comprehensive human-assisted security and surveillance platform. In 2001, Jeff co-founded and served as Lead Systems Architect for Solution Dynamics, which developed remote digital video surveillance products for institutional customers. Jeff is listed on several technology-based patents and has contributed articles for publications such as American Shipper, World Cargo News, and the Journal of Commerce. Jeff holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration from Clarion University of Pennsylvania. Chris King, Chief Commercial Officer, Operating Subsidiary Duos Technologies, Inc. Mr. King joins Duos with over 20 years of operational and commercial leadership experience within the energy and supply chain sectors. Prior to joining Duos, he served in a series of progressive management roles within APR Energy (“APR”), a global fast track power company. During Mr. King’s time at APR, his responsibilities included: leading all power plant operations, which consisted of 16 sites around the world and over 500 employees; managing acquisition integrations of over $300 million in new projects; maintaining full P&L accountability for all operations; and building and heading up a team that closed over $1 billion in new revenue, asset sales, and contract extensions. Prior to his time at APR, Mr. King held several operational leadership roles at CEVA Logistics, including a role as Lean Six Sigma Leader in charge of designing and executing continuous improvement projects for CEVA operations across the world. Family Relationships There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers. Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires the Company’s executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than 10% of the Company’s common stock, to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership on Forms 3, 4 and 5 with the SEC. Based solely on our review of certain reports filed with the SEC pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, the reports required to be filed with respect to transactions in our Common Stock during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, were filed timely, except for one Form 4 for each of Mr. Ferry and Mr. Murphy in connection with grants of options were not filed timely. Code of Ethics The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics for adherence by its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to ensure honest and ethical conduct, full, fair and proper disclosure of financial information in the Company’s periodic reports filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and compliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations. Any person may obtain a copy of our Code of Ethics by mailing a request to the Company at 7660 Centurion Parkway, Suite 100, Jacksonville, Florida 33256. Board Composition and Director Independence Our Board of Directors currently consists of five members: Mr. Kenneth Ehrman, Mr. Charles P. Ferry, Mr. Ned Mavrommatis, Mr. James Craig Nixon, and Mr. Frank Lonegro. The directors will serve until our next annual meeting and until their successors are duly elected and qualified. The Company defines “independent” as that term is defined in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2). In making the determination of whether a member of the board is independent, our board considers, among other things, transactions and relationships between each director and his immediate family and the Company, including those reported under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions”. The purpose of this review is to determine whether any such relationships or transactions are material and, therefore, inconsistent with a determination that the directors are independent. Based on such review and its understanding of such relationships and transactions, our board affirmatively determined that Mr. Ehrman, Mr. Mavrommatis, Mr. Nixon, and Mr. Lonegro are all qualified as independent and none of them have any material relationship with us that might interfere with his exercise of independent judgment. 31 Board Committees Our Board of Directors has established an audit committee, a compensation committee and a corporate governance and nominating committee. Each committee has its own charter, which is available on our website at www.duostech.com. Each of the board committees has the composition and responsibilities described below. Members will serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by our Board of Directors. Mr. Mavrommatis, Mr. Nixon and Mr. Ehrman, all of whom are independent directors within the meaning of the Nasdaq’s listing rules, are the Chairman of the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee and the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee, respectively. Each of the independent members of our Board of Directors also serves on one or more committees as previously disclosed. Audit Committee The Audit Committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes and oversees the audit of our financial statements and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. The specific functions of this Committee include, but are not limited to: · · · · · · · · · · appointing, approving the compensation of, and assessing the independence of our independent registered public accounting firm; overseeing the work of our independent registered public accounting firm, including through the receipt and consideration of reports from such firm; reviewing and discussing with management and the independent registered public accounting firm our annual and quarterly financial statements and related disclosures; monitoring our internal control over financial reporting, disclosure controls and procedures and code of business conduct and ethics; discussing our risk management policies; establishing policies regarding hiring employees from the independent registered public accounting firm and procedures for the receipt and retention of accounting related complaints and concerns; meeting independently with our independent registered public accounting firm and management; reviewing and approving or ratifying any related person transactions; preparing the audit committee report required by SEC rules; and oversight of cybersecurity risk management and governance. Our board has determined that Mr. Mavrommatis is currently qualified as an “audit committee financial expert”, as such term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation S-K. Mr. Mavrommatis serves as the Chairman of the Audit Committee. 32 Compensation Committee The Committee’s compensation-related responsibilities include, but are not limited to: · · · · · · · · reviewing and approving on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives with respect to compensation for our Chief Executive Officer; reviewing, approving and recommending to our board of directors on an annual basis the evaluation process and compensation structure for our other executive officers; determining the need for and the appropriateness of employment agreements and change in control agreements for each of our executive officers and any other officers recommended by the Chief Executive Officer or board of directors; providing oversight of management’s decisions concerning the performance and compensation of other Company officers, employees, consultants and advisors; reviewing our incentive compensation and other equity-based plans and recommending changes in such plans to our board of directors as needed, and exercising all the authority of our board of directors with respect to the administration of such plans; overseeing and administering the Company’s Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation; reviewing and recommending to our board of directors the compensation of independent directors, including incentive and equity-based compensation; and selecting, retaining and terminating such compensation consultants, outside counsel or other advisors as it deems necessary or appropriate. Mr. Nixon serves as the Chairman of the Compensation Committee. 33 Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee The responsibilities of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee include: · · · · · · · · recommending to the board of directors nominees for election as directors at any meeting of stockholders and nominees to fill vacancies on the board; considering candidates proposed by stockholders in accordance with the requirements in the Committee charter; overseeing the administration of the Company’s Code of Ethics; reviewing with the entire board of directors, on an annual basis, the requisite skills and criteria for board candidates and the composition of the board as a whole; having the authority to retain search firms to assist in identifying board candidates, approve the terms of the search firm’s engagement, and cause the Company to pay the engaged search firm’s engagement fee; recommending to the board of directors on an annual basis the directors to be appointed to each committee of the board of directors; overseeing an annual self-evaluation of the board of directors and its committees to determine whether it and its committees are functioning effectively; and developing and recommending to the board a set of corporate governance guidelines applicable to the Company. Mr. Ehrman serves as the Chairman of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings To the best of our knowledge, none of our directors or executive officers has, during the past ten years: · · · · · · been convicted in a criminal proceeding or been subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses); had any bankruptcy petition filed by or against the business or property of the person, or of any partnership, corporation or business association of which he was a general partner or executive officer, either at the time of the bankruptcy filing or within two years prior to that time; been subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction or federal or state authority, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting, his involvement in any type of business, securities, futures, commodities, investment, banking, savings and loan, or insurance activities, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity; been found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated; been the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated (not including any settlement of a civil proceeding among private litigants), relating to an alleged violation of any federal or state securities or commodities law or regulation, any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order, or any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or been the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member. Except as set forth in our discussion below in “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions,” none of our directors or executive officers has been involved in any transactions with us or any of our directors, executive officers, affiliates or associates which are required to be disclosed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Commission. 34 Item 11. Executive Compensation EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The following table sets forth the total compensation received for services rendered in all capacities to our Company for the last two fiscal years, which was awarded to, earned by, or paid to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer (the “Named Executive Officers”). Name and Principal Position Charles P. Ferry, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Andrew W. Murphy, Chief Financial Officer (CFO) (5) Adrian G. Goldfarb, Former Chief Financial Officer(10), Former Director Connie L. Weeks, Former Chief Accounting Officer(15) Year 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 Salary ($) Bonus ($) Options ($) Other Comp. ($) Total ($) 260,625 250,000 125,000(1) 150,000(3) 73,365(2) 235,144(4) 221,010 206,500 224,675 214,385 — 167,030 57,240(6) 60,000 (8) 58,692(7) 188,115(9) 31,000(11) 50,000(13) 55,024(12) 176,358(14) — 20,000 (16) — 94,058(17) — — — — — — — — 458,990 635,144 336,942 454,615 310,699 440,743 — 281,088 ——————— (1) Represents $125,000 objectives bonus. (2) Option compensation is the fair market value of 37,889 share, five-year options with a strike price of $4.22 and three-year vesting granted to Mr. Ferry as a retention incentive. See table below for valuation methodology. (3) Represents $150,000 objectives bonus. (4) Option compensation is the fair market value of 100,000 share, five-year options with a strike price of $6.41 and three-year vesting granted to Mr. Ferry as a retention incentive. See table below for valuation methodology. (5) Mr. Murphy became Chief Financial Officer effective November 15, 2022. (6) Represents $57,240 objectives bonus. (7) Option compensation is the fair market value of 30,311 share, five-year options with a strike price of $4.22 and three-year vesting granted to Mr. Murphy as a retention incentive. See table below for valuation methodology. (8) Represents $60,000 objectives bonus. (9) Option compensation is the fair market value of 80,000 share, five-year options with a strike price of $6.41 and three-year vesting granted to Mr. Murphy as a retention incentive. See table below for valuation methodology. (10) Mr. Goldfarb retired as Chief Financial Officer effective November 15, 2022. (11) Represents $31,000 objectives bonus. (12) Option compensation is the fair market value of 28,417 share, five-year options with a strike price of $4.22 and three-year vesting granted to Mr. Goldfarb as a retention incentive. See table below for valuation methodology. (13) Represents $50,000 objectives bonus. (14) Option compensation is the fair market value of 75,000 share, five-year options with a strike price of $6.41 and three-year vesting granted to Mr. Goldfarb as a retention incentive. See table below for valuation methodology. (15) On December 31, 2022 Ms. Weeks retired from the Company. (16) Represents bonus award for long service to the Company. (17) Option compensation is the fair market value of 40,000 share, five-year options with a strike price of $6.41 and initial three-year vesting granted to Ms. Weeks as a retention incentive. Ms. Weeks' options become fully vested upon her retirement on December 31, 2022 as an accommodation for long service to the Company. See table below for valuation methodology. 35 Risk free interest rate Expected term in years Dividend yield Volatility of common stock Estimated annual forfeitures Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2023 For the Years Ended December 31, 2023 3.73% 3.50 — 54% - 118% — 2022 0.97% - 3.15% 3.25 - 3.50 — 72% - 80% — Equity Incentive Plan Awards; Number of shares underlying unexercised unearned options Number of shares underlying unexercised options exercisable — 33,333 100,000 — 26,667 20,000 — 25,000 18,929 18,929 40,000 18,929 18,929 37,889 $ 66,667 $ — $ 30,311 $ 53,333 $ — $ 28,417 $ 50,000 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ Option exercise price Option Expiration date 4.22 6.41 4.18 4.22 6.41 4.35 4.22 6.41 6.00 4.74 6.41 6.00 4.74 03/31/2028 12/31/2026 08/31/2025 03/31/2028 12/31/2026 11/22/2025 03/31/2028 12/31/2026 03/31/2025 03/31/2025 12/31/2026 03/31/2025 03/31/2025 Number of shares or units of stock that have not vested Market value of shares or units of stock that have not vested $ — — — — — — — — — — — — — Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of unearned shares, units or other rights that have not vested Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or payout value of unearned shares, units or other rights that have not vested $ — — — — — — — — — — — — — 37,889 66,667 — 30,311 53,333 — 28,417 50,000 — — — — — $0 $0 — $0 $0 — $0 $0 — — — — — Name Charles P. Ferry Charles P. Ferry Charles P. Ferry Andrew W. Murphy Andrew W. Murphy Andrew W. Murphy Adrian G. Goldfarb Adrian G. Goldfarb Adrian G. Goldfarb Adrian G. Goldfarb Connie L. Weeks Connie L. Weeks Connie L. Weeks Employment Agreements Charles P. Ferry On September 1, 2020, the Company entered into an employment agreement (the “Ferry Employment Agreement”) with Charles P. Ferry pursuant to which Mr. Ferry serves as Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The Ferry Employment Agreement is for a term of one year (the “Initial Term”) and shall be automatically extended for additional terms of successive one-year periods (the “Additional Term”) unless the Company or Mr. Ferry gives at least 60 days written notice of non-renewal prior to the expiration of the Initial Term or an Additional Term. During 2022 Mr. Ferry received a base salary at an annual rate of $250,000 and also received a bonus in the amount of $150,000 during 2022 for achievement of certain objectives in 2022 in accordance with criteria determined by our Board of Directors and based on the review and recommendation of the Compensation Committee. In 2023, Mr. Ferry’s annual salary was increased to $265,000 and he was paid a bonus of $125,000 based on criteria determined by our Board of Directors and based on the review and recommendation of the Compensation Committee. Mr. Ferry continues to be eligible for an annual bonus in an amount up to $150,000 in accordance with criteria, including but not limited to, revenue targets, profitability and other key performance indicators. Additionally, Mr. Ferry initially received 100,000 non- qualified stock options that are exercisable into 100,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $4.18, of which 100% were vested as of September 1, 2022. He received a further grant in January 2022 in the amount of 100,000 non-qualified options with a term of five years and a exercise price of $6.41. The options have a three-year vesting period. Additionally, he received a further grant in April 2023 in the amount of 37,889 non-qualified options with a term of five years and a exercise price of $4.22. The options have a three-year vesting period. The Ferry Employment Agreement can be terminated with or without cause at any time during the Initial Term or during an Additional Term. As a full-time employee of the Company, Mr. Ferry is eligible to participate in all of the Company’s benefit programs. Potential Payments upon Change of Control or Termination following a Change of Control and Severance The Ferry Employment Agreement contains certain provisions for early termination, which may result in a severance payment equal to up to six months of base salary then in effect. Generally, we do not provide any severance specifically upon a change in control, nor do we provide for accelerated vesting upon a change in control. 36 Andrew W. Murphy On December 1, 2023, the Company entered into an employment agreement (the “Murphy Employment Agreement”) with Andrew W. Murphy, pursuant to which Mr. Murphy serves as Chief Financial Officer of the Company. The Murphy Employment Agreement is for a term through March 31, 2025 (the “Initial Term”) and shall be automatically extended for additional terms of successive one-year periods (the “Additional Term”) unless the Company or Mr. Murphy gives at least 60 days written notice of non-renewal prior to the expiration of the Initial Term or each Additional Term. Mr. Murphy is to receive a base salary at the annual rate of $224,720. Mr. Murphy is also eligible for an annual performance bonus in an amount up to $70,000 in accordance with criteria, including but not limited to, revenue targets, profitability and other key performance indicators, as recommended by the Chief Executive Officer and accepted by the Board of Directors. Additionally, Mr. Murphy initially received 20,000 non-qualified stock options at an exercise price of $4.35 with a term of five years and have a three-year vesting period. He received a further grant in January 2022 in the amount of 80,000 non- qualified options with a term of five years and a strike price of $6.41. The options have a three-year vesting period. Additionally, he received a further grant in April 2023 in the amount of 30,311 non-qualified options with a term of five years and an exercise price of $4.22. The options have a three-year vesting period. The Murphy Employment Agreement may be terminated with or without cause and by Mr. Murphy for good reason. As a full-time employee of the Company, Mr. Murphy will be eligible to participate in all of the Company’s benefit programs. Potential Payments upon Change of Control or Termination following a Change of Control and Severance. The Murphy Employment Agreement contains certain provisions for early termination, which may result in a severance payment equal to up to six months of base salary then in effect. Generally, we do not provide any severance specifically upon a change in control, nor do we provide for accelerated vesting upon a change in control. Adrian G. Goldfarb On April 1, 2018, the Company entered into an employment agreement (the “Goldfarb Employment Agreement”) with Adrian G. Goldfarb, pursuant to which Mr. Goldfarb served as Chief Financial Officer of the Company through November 15, 2022 and subsequently, assumed a new role as Strategic Advisor to the CEO. During 2022, Mr. Goldfarb was paid an annual salary of $220,000 and he was paid a bonus of $50,000. In 2023, Mr. Goldfarb’s annual salary was increased to $226,600 and he was paid a bonus of $31,000. The Goldfarb Employment Agreement had an initial term through March 31, 2019, subject to renewal for successive one-year terms unless either party gives the other notice of that party’s election to not renew at least 60 days prior to the expiration of the then-current term. The Goldfarb Employment Agreement remains in effect through March 31, 2024 at which point the agreement will be terminated. The Goldfarb Employment Agreement was approved by the Compensation Committee. Potential Payments upon Change of Control or Termination following a Change of Control and Severance The Goldfarb Employment Agreement contains certain provisions for early termination, which may result in a severance payment equal to one year of base salary then in effect. Generally, we do not provide any severance specifically upon a change in control, nor do we provide for accelerated vesting upon change in control. Connie L. Weeks On April 1, 2018, the Company entered into an employment agreement (the “Weeks Employment Agreement”) with Connie L. Weeks, pursuant to which Ms. Weeks served as Chief Accounting Officer of the Company. During 2022, Ms. Weeks was paid an annual salary of $152,260 as well as a $20,000 performance bonus and $14,770 in compensations for unused paid time off. The Weeks Employment Agreement had an initial term that extended through March 31, 2019, subject to renewal for successive one- year terms unless either party gave notice of that party’s election to not renew to the other party at least 60 days prior to the expiration of the then-current term. Ms. Weeks gave notice to the Company that she would be retiring effective December 31, 2022. As a consequence, the Weeks Employment Agreement terminated effective December 31, 2022. The Weeks Employment Agreement was approved by the Compensation Committee. Potential Payments upon Change of Control or Termination following a Change of Control and Severance The Weeks Employment Agreement contained certain provisions for early termination, which may have resulted in a severance payment equal to two years of base salary then in effect. This provision is no longer in effect and Ms. Weeks will not receive any further compensation following her retirement. 37 Director Compensation Starting in 2021, the Compensation Committee determined that directors will receive $40,000 for serving as a member of a committee and $10,000 for serving as Chairman of a committee. The $10,000 fee is also inclusive of any services rendered as a member of one or more committees. The board compensation will be paid 40% in cash and 60% in shares of restricted common stock or options to purchase shares of our common stock, as elected by the board member. Each board member may further elect to receive up to 100% of compensation in restricted stock. The following table summarizes data concerning the compensation of our non-employee directors for the year ended December 31, 2023. Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) 5,000 0 Stock Awards ($)(5) 45,000 18,065 Option Awards ($) Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) All Other Compensation ($) Total ($) 50,000 18,065 Kenneth Ehrman (1) Frank A. Lonegro (2) Ned Mavrommatis (3) James Craig Nixon (4) ——————— (1) Kenneth Ehrman was appointed to the board in January 2019. Through November 19, 2020, he served as Chairman of the Compensation Committee and as of that date he was named Chairman of our Board of Directors. He serves as a member of the Compensation Committee and is Chairman of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. He was also a member of the Audit Committee through April 1, 2024 30,000 50,000 20,000 0 50,000 50,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (2) Frank A. Lonegro was appointed to the board on July 19, 2023. Mr. Lonegro became a member of the Audit Committee on April 1, 2024. Mr. Lonegro elected to receive all of his compensation in stock. (3) Ned Mavrommatis was appointed to the board on August 13, 2019. Through November 19, 2020, he served as Co-Chairman of the Audit Committee and since then he has been the sole Chairman of the Audit Committee and he is a member of the Compensation and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committees. (4) James Craig Nixon was appointed to the board on July 15, 2021. Since his appointment, he has served as Chairman of the Compensation Committee and he is a member of the Audit and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committees. Mr. Nixon elected to receive all of his compensation in stock. (5) Reflects the aggregate grant date fair value of stock awards computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. In determining the grant date fair value of stock awards, the Company used the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. 38 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. As of March 28, 2024, our authorized capitalization was 500,000,000 shares of common stock $0.001 par value per share, 500,000 shares of Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred A”), 15,000 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred B”), 5,000 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred C”), 4,000 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred D”), 30,000 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred E”), and 5,000 shares of Series F Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred F”). As of the same date, there were 0 shares of Preferred A, 0 shares of Preferred B, 0 shares of Preferred C, 1,919 shares of Preferred D, 13,625 shares of Preferred E, and 0 shares of Preferred F outstanding, respectively, and 7,306,663 shares of our common stock issued. Additionally, our common stock entitles its holder to one vote on each matter submitted to the stockholders. The following table sets forth, as of March 28, 2024, the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by (i) each person who is known by us to own of record or beneficially five percent or more of our outstanding shares, (ii) each of our directors, (iii) each of our executive officers and (iv) all of our directors and executive officers as a group. Unless otherwise indicated, each of the persons listed below has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares of our common stock beneficially owned. The address of our directors and executive officers is c/o Duos Technologies Group, Inc., at 7660 Centurion Parkway, Suite 100, Jacksonville, Florida 32256. Name and Address of Beneficial Owner 5% Beneficial Shareholders Bleichroeder LP 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 47th Floor New York, NY 10105 (1) Pessin Family Holdings 500 Fifth Avenue, Suite 2240 New York, NY 10110 (2) Bard Associates, Inc. 135 South LaSalle Street, Suite 3700 Chicago, Illinois 60603(3) Laurence W. Lytton 467 Central Park West New York, New York 10025(4) Directors and Executive Officers Charles P. Ferry(5) Andrew W. Murphy(6) Kenneth Ehrman(7) Ned Mavrommatis(8) James C. Nixon Frank A. Lonegro Executive Officers and Directors as a Group (6 persons) ——————— *Denotes less than 1% Number of Shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned Percentage of Shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned 1,504,934 19.99% 1,459,945 20.00% 418,283 5.72% 482,976 140,409 49,866 74,528 43,519 37,759 4,835 350,916 6.60% 1.89% * * * * * 4.67% (1) Based on Amendment No. 7 to Schedule 13G/A filed by Bleichroeder LP (“Bleichroeder”) with the SEC on February 14, 2024 (the “Bleichroeder 13G/A”). According to the Bleichroeder 13G/A, Bleichroeder is an investment advisor registered under Section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and as of February 14, 2024 was deemed to be the beneficial owner of 1,283,162 shares of our Common Stock (21 April Fund, Ltd. held 929,522 shares and 21 April Fund, LP held 353,640 shares) as a result of acting as investment advisor to various clients. Bleichroeder also owns warrants to purchase shares of our Common Stock held of record by 21 April Fund, Ltd. in the amount of 32,724 and warrants to purchase shares of our Common Stock held of record by 21 April Fund LP (together with 21 April Fund, Ltd., the “21 April Entities”) in the amount of 11,920, which are subject to a 9.99% beneficial ownership limitation included in such warrants. The 21 April Entities also purchased 999 shares of Series D Preferred Stock on September 30, 2022, which are convertible into 333,000 shares of Common Stock (21 April Fund, Ltd. holds 237,000 common equivalent shares and 21 April Fund, LP holds 96,000 common equivalent shares). The 21 April Entities also purchased 4,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock on March 27, 2023, which are convertible into 1,333,334 shares of Common Stock (21 April Fund, Ltd. holds 933,334 common equivalent shares and 21 April Fund, LP holds 400,000 common equivalent shares). The 21 April Entities also purchased an additional 2,500 shares of Series E Preferred Stock on November 10, 2023, which are convertible into 833,333 shares of Common Stock (21 April Fund, Ltd. holds 508,333 common equivalent shares and 21 April Fund, LP holds 325,000 common equivalent shares). The 21 April Entities also purchased an additional 1,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock on March 22, 2024, which are convertible into 333,334 shares of Common Stock (21 April Fund, Ltd. holds 281,334 common equivalent shares and 21 April Fund, LP holds 52,000 common equivalent shares). The 21 April Entities exchanged 5,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock that were acquired in connection with the Purchase Agreement of Series F Convertible Preferred Stock, completed on August 2, 2023. The 5,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock, originally convertible into 806,452 common shares, were exchanged for 5,000 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock on November 10, 2023, which are convertible into 1,666,667 shares of Common Stock, representing an additional 860,215 common share equivalents (21 April Fund, Ltd. now holds 1,116,667 common equivalent shares and 21 April Fund, LP now holds 550,000 common equivalent shares). Conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock and the Series E Preferred Stock owned by the 21 April Entities is subject to a 19.99% beneficial ownership limitation. Due to the beneficial ownership limitations, included in the above number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned are 1,283,162 shares of Common Stock and an aggregate of 221,776 shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock and/or the Series E Preferred Stock. All other shares are excluded. If there were no beneficial ownership limitations, Bleichroeder would be deemed to beneficially own 5,827,474 shares of Common Stock, representing 49.17% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. 39 (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Based on Amendment No. 5 to Schedule 13D/A filed by Norman H. Pessin, Sandra F. Pessin and Brian L. Pessin with the SEC on October 7, 2022 disclosing that Norman H. Pessin owns 57,972 shares of our Common Stock, Sandra F. Pessin owns 1,221,062 shares of our Common Stock and Brian L. Pessin owns 180,911 shares of our Common Stock. Based on Schedule 13G/A filed by Bard Associates, Inc. (“Bard”) with the SEC on January 4, 2024, disclosing that Bard has sole voting and dispositive power as to 10,000 shares of Common Stock and shared dispositive power as to 408,283 shares of Common Stock. Based on Amendment No. 4 to Schedule 13G/A filed by Mr. Lytton with the SEC on February 14, 2024. Mr. Lytton also purchased 1,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock on March 22, 2024, which are convertible into 333,334 shares of Common Stock. Mr. Lytton also purchased 300 shares of Series D Preferred Stock on October 29, 2022, which are convertible into 100,000 shares of Common Stock. These shares are excluded from the above as conversion of the Series D Preferred Stock owned by Mr. Lytton is subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitation. If there were no beneficial ownership limitation, Mr. Lytton would be deemed to beneficially own 916,310 shares of Common Stock, representing 11.84% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. Includes 100,000 shares of our Common Stock underlying the vested and exercisable portion of options to purchase our Common Stock at an exercise price of $4.18 per share and 33,334 shares of our Common Stock underlying the vested and exercisable portion of options to purchase our Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.41 per share. Also includes 1,075 shares of Common Stock owned by Mr. Ferry and 6,000 shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by Mr. Ferry in a joint account with his spouse. 66,666 shares of our Common Stock underlying the unvested and currently non-exercisable portion of options to purchase our Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.41 per share and 37,889 shares of our Common Stock underlying the unvested and currently non-exercisable portion of option to purchase our Common Stock at an exercise price of $4.22 were excluded. Includes (i) options to purchase 20,000 shares of our Common Stock at $4.35 per share, all of which are fully vested and exercisable; (ii) options to purchase 26,667 shares of our Common Stock at $6.41 per share, all of which are fully vested and exercisable; and (iii) 3,199 shares of our Common Stock. 53,334 shares of our Common Stock underlying the unvested and currently non-exercisable portion of options to purchase our Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.41 per share and 30,311 shares of our Common Stock underlying the unvested and currently non-exercisable portion of options to purchase our Common Stock at an exercise price of $4.22 were excluded. Includes (i) options to purchase 8,572 shares of our Common Stock at $4.74 per share, all of which are fully vested and currently exercisable, and (ii) options to purchase 8,572 shares of our Common Stock at $6.00 per share, all of which are fully vested and currently exercisable. Includes (i) options to purchase 8,572 shares of our Common Stock at $4.74 per share, all of which are fully vested and currently exercisable, and (ii) options to purchase 8,572 shares of our Common Stock at $6.00 per share, all of which are fully vested and currently exercisable. Equity Compensation Plan Information 2021 Equity Plan On May 12, 2021, the Board adopted, with shareholder approval, the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”) providing for the issuance of up to 1,000,000 shares of our Common Stock. The purpose of the 2021 Plan is to assist the Company in attracting and retaining key employees, directors and consultants and to provide incentives to such individuals to align their interests with those of our shareholders. 40 General Description of the 2021 Plan The following is a summary of the material provisions of the 2021 Plan and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the 2021 Plan, which you are encouraged to read in full. Administration The 2021 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board, which consists of three members of the Board, each of whom is a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act and an “outside director” within the meaning of Code Section 162(m). Among other things, the Compensation Committee has complete discretion, subject to the express limits of the 2021 Plan, to determine the directors, employees and nonemployee consultants to be granted an award, the type of award to be granted, the terms and conditions of the award, the form of payment to be made and/or the number of shares of Common Stock subject to each award, the exercise price of each option and base price of each stock appreciation right (“SAR”), the term of each award, the vesting schedule for an award, whether to accelerate vesting, the value of the Common Stock underlying the award, and the required withholding, if any. The Compensation Committee may amend, modify or terminate any outstanding award, provided that the participant’s consent to such action is required if the action would impair the participant’s rights or entitlements with respect to that award. The Compensation Committee is also authorized to construe the award agreements and may prescribe rules relating to the 2021 Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Compensation Committee does not have any authority to grant or modify an award under the 2021 Plan with terms or conditions that would cause the grant, vesting or exercise thereof to be considered nonqualified “deferred compensation” subject to Code Section 409A. Grant of Awards; Shares Available for Awards The 2021 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, SARs, performance share awards, performance unit awards, distribution equivalent right awards, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards and unrestricted stock awards to non-employee directors, officers, employees and nonemployee consultants of the Company or its affiliates. We have reserved a total of 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance as or under awards to be made under the 2021 Plan. If any award expires, is cancelled, or terminates unexercised or is forfeited, the number of shares subject thereto is again available for grant under the 2021 Plan. Stock Options The 2021 Plan provides for either “incentive stock options” (“ISOs”), which are intended to meet the requirements for special federal income tax treatment under the Code, or “nonqualified stock options” (“NQSOs”). On May 12, 2021, the 2021 Plan was adopted by the board of directors and it was approved by the shareholders on July 15, 2021. Stock options may be granted on such terms and conditions as the Compensation Committee may determine; provided, however, that the per share exercise price under a stock option may not be less than the fair market value of a share of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant and the term of the stock option may not exceed 10 years (110% of such value and five years in the case of an ISO granted to an employee who owns (or is deemed to own) more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of capital stock of the Company or a parent or subsidiary of the Company). ISOs may only be granted to employees. In addition, the aggregate fair market value of our Common Stock covered by one or more ISOs (determined at the time of grant) which are exercisable for the first time by an employee during any calendar year may not exceed $100,000. Any excess is treated as a NQSO. 41 Stock Appreciation Rights An SAR entitles the participant, upon exercise, to receive an amount, in cash or stock or a combination thereof, equal to the increase in the fair market value of the underlying Common Stock between the date of grant and the date of exercise. SARs may be granted in tandem with, or independently of, stock options granted under the 2021 Plan. An SAR granted in tandem with a stock option (i) is exercisable only at such times, and to the extent, that the related stock option is exercisable in accordance with the procedure for exercise of the related stock option; (ii) terminates upon termination or exercise of the related stock option (likewise, the Common Stock option granted in tandem with a SAR terminates upon exercise of the SAR); (iii) is transferable only with the related stock option; and (iv) if the related stock option is an ISO, may be exercised only when the value of the stock subject to the stock option exceeds the exercise price of the stock option. An SAR that is not granted in tandem with a stock option is exercisable at such times as the Compensation Committee may specify. Performance Share and Performance Unit Awards Performance share and performance unit awards entitle the participant to receive cash or shares of our Common Stock upon the attainment of specified performance goals. In the case of performance units, the right to acquire the units is denominated in cash values. Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Unit Awards A restricted stock award is a grant or sale of Common Stock to the participant, subject to our right to repurchase all or part of the shares at their purchase price (or to require forfeiture of such shares if issued to the participant at no cost) in the event that conditions specified by the Compensation Committee in the award are not satisfied prior to the end of the time period during which the shares subject to the award may be repurchased by or forfeited to us. Our restricted stock unit entitles the participant to receive a cash payment equal to the fair market value of a share of Common Stock for each restricted stock unit subject to such restricted stock unit award, if the participant satisfies the applicable vesting requirement. Unrestricted Stock Awards An unrestricted stock award is a grant or sale of shares of our Common Stock to the participant that is not subject to transfer, forfeiture or other restrictions, in consideration for past services rendered to the Company or an affiliate or for other valid consideration. Amendment and Termination The Compensation Committee may adopt, amend and rescind rules relating to the administration of the 2021 Plan, and amend, suspend or terminate the 2021 Plan, but no such amendment, rescission, suspension or termination will be made that materially and adversely impairs the rights of any participant with respect to any award received thereby under the 2021 Plan without the participant’s consent, other than amendments that are necessary to permit the granting of awards in compliance with applicable laws. 42 The following table provides equity compensation plan information as of December 31, 2023: Plan Category Equity compensation plans approved by security holders Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans 1,321,429(1) (2) $ 330,000 $ 5.67(3) 4.22(5) 105,1334) N/A 1. On March 11, 2016, the Board adopted, subject to the receipt of stockholder approval, which was received on April 21, 2016, the 2016 Plan providing for the issuance of up to 16,327 shares of our common stock. The 2016 Plan was subsequently modified with stockholder approval twice: on January 18, 2018 to increase the total maximum number of shares issuable under the 2016 Plan to 178,572 and on July 31, 2019 to increase the total maximum number of shares issuable under the 2016 Plan to 321,429 of which 311,898 had been issued. The purpose of the 2016 Plan was to assist the Company in attracting and retaining key employees, directors, and consultants and to provide incentives to such individuals to align their interests with those of our stockholders. There are no available shares to be issued under the 2016 Plan. 2. On April 12, 2021, the Board adopted, subject to the receipt of stockholder approval, which was received on July 15, 2021, the 2021 Plan providing for the issuance of up to 1,000,000 shares of our common stock of which 978,117 have been issued and 190,000 forfeited as of December 31, 2023. The purpose of the 2021 Plan was to replace the 2016 Plan which had expired and continue to assist the Company in attracting and retaining key employees, directors, and consultants and to provide incentives to such individuals to align their interests with those of our stockholders. 3. Represents the aggregate Weighted Average Exercise Price of 1,248,775 remaining, outstanding options from the 2016 and 2021 Plan as of December 31, 2023. 4. Remaining securities available for future issuance for the 2021 Plan accounts for approximately 107,000 shares cumulatively issued to members of the board of directors as compensation through December 31, 2023. 5. Represents the aggregate Weighted Average Exercise Price of 330,000 outstanding options as of December 31, 2023. Employee Stock Purchase Plan In the fourth quarter of 2022, the board of directors adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) which was effective as of January 1, 2023 with a term of 10 years. The ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a discounted price, through payroll deductions from a minimum of 1% and up to 25% of their eligible compensation up to a maximum of $25,000 or the IRS allowable limit per calendar year. The Company’s Chief Financial Officer administers the ESPP in conjunction with approvals from the Company’s Compensation Committee, including with respect to the frequency and duration of offering periods, the maximum number of shares that an eligible employee may purchase during an offering period, and, subject to certain limitations set forth in the ESPP, the per-share purchase price. Currently, the maximum number of shares that can be purchased by an eligible employee under the ESPP is 10,000 shares per offering period and there are two six-month offering periods that begin in the first and third quarters of each fiscal year. The purchase price for one share of Common Stock under the ESPP is currently equal to 85% of the fair market value of one share of Common Stock on the first trading day of the offering period or the purchase date, whichever is lower (look-back feature). Although not required by the ESPP, all payroll deductions received or held by the Company under the ESPP are segregated and deemed as “restricted cash” until the completion of the offering period and redemption of the applicable shares and those withheld amounts are recorded as liabilities. The maximum aggregate number of shares of the Common Stock that may be issued under the ESPP is 1,000,000 shares. Under ASC 718-50 “Employee Share Purchase Plans” the plan is considered a compensatory plan and the compensation for each six-month offering period is computed based upon the grant date fair value of the estimated shares to be purchased based on the estimated payroll deduction withholdings. The grant date fair value was computed as the sum of (a) 15% purchase discount off of the grant date quoted trading price of the Company’s common stock and (b) the fair value of the look-back feature of the Company’s common stock on the grant date which consists of a call option on 85% of a share of common stock and a put option on 15% of a share of common stock. In the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company issued 111,538 shares of common stock related to two transactions. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the employee contributions for the first ESPP tranche totaled $117,048 and represented a purchase price of $1.79 per share for 65,561 shares. For the six-month period beginning July 1, 2023 and ending December 31, 2023 the employee contributions for the second ESPP tranche totaled $113,352 and represented a purchase price of $2.47 per share for 45,977 shares. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence None Policy on Future Related Party Transactions The Company requires that any related party transactions must be approved by a majority of the Company’s independent directors. 43 Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services. Fees Billed for Audit and Non-Audit Services The following table presents for each of the last two fiscal years the aggregate fees billed in connection with the audits of our financial statements and other professional services rendered by our independent registered public accounting firm Salberg & Company, P.A. Audit Fees (1) Audit-Related Fees (2) Tax Fees (3) All Other Fees (4) Total Accounting fees and Services 2023 2022 $ $ 116,400 $ 31,100 — — 147,500 $ 111,200 18,900 — — 130,100 ——————— (1) Audit Fees. These are fees for professional services for the audit of our annual financial statements, and for the review of the financial statements included in our filings on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q, and for services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. Audit-Related Fees. These are fees for assurance and related services by the principal accountant that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of the registrant’s financial statements. Tax Fees. These are fees for professional services rendered by the principal accountant with respect to tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning. All Other Fees. These are fees for products and services provided by the principal accountant, other than the services reported above. (2) (3) (4) 44 PART IV Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules. (a) The following documents are filed or furnished as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K: 1. Financial Statements Reference is made to the Index to Financial Statements under page F-1 hereof. 2. Financial Statement Schedules The Financial Statement Schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, not required, or the information is shown in the financial statements or related notes. 3. Exhibits Exhibit No. 2.1 Exhibit Description First Amendment to Merger and Plan of Merger, dated March 15, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 on March 19, 2015) Merger Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated February 6, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 2.1 on February 9, 2015) Amendment to Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 3.1 on July 13, 2015) Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 3.1 on April 7, 2015) Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Company’s Form S-1/A filed on May 28, 2021) Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 3.1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2017) Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation Designation Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 3.1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 29, 2017) Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 15, 2020) Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation Designation of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2021) Amendments to Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.8 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 18, 2021) Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation Designation of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 3, 2022). Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation Designation of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 28, 2023) Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation Designation of Series F Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 3, 2023) Common Stock Purchase Warrant (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 4.1 on December 23, 2016) Form of Purchaser Warrant (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 4.1 on November 29, 2017) Form of Placement Agent Warrant (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 4.2 on November 29, 2017) Form of Representative’s Warrant Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 24, 2020) Description of the Company’s Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Year Ended December 31, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2022) 10.1+ Employment Agreement, dated September 1, 2020, between the Company and Charles P. Ferry (incorporated by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6+ 10.7 10.8 filed as Exhibit 10.32 on March 30, 2021) Securities Purchase Agreement, dated March 31, 2016, by and between Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and the Schedule of Buyers attached thereto (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.1 on April 6, 2016) Security and Pledge Agreement, dated April 1, 2016, by and among Duos Technologies Group, Inc., each of the Company’s Subsidiaries named therein and GPB Debt Holdings II, LLC (in its capacity as collateral agent) (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.2 on April 6, 2016) Guaranty, dated April 1, 2016, by and among each of Duos Technologies Group, Inc.’s Subsidiaries named therein and GPB Debt Holdings II, LLC (in its capacity as collateral agent) (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.3 on April 6, 2016) Warrant, dated April 1, 2016, issued by Duos Technologies Group, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.4 on April 6, 2016) 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on April 1, 2016) Securities Purchase Agreement, dated December 20, 2016, by and between Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and JMJ Financial (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.1 on December 23, 2016) Promissory Note, dated December 20, 2016, by and between Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and JMJ Financial (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.2 on December 23, 2016) 45 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.1 on November 29, 2017) Form of Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.2 on November 29, 2017) Amendment #1 to the Securities Purchase Agreement and to the Note, dated May 22, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed as Exhibit 10.5 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2017) Amendment #2 to the Securities Purchase Agreement and to the Note, dated July 12, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed as Exhibit 10.6 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2017) Amendment #3 to the Securities Purchase Agreement and to the Note, dated August 14, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed as Exhibit 10.7 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2017) Amendment #4 to the Securities Purchase Agreement and Note, dated November 14, 2017, by and between Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and JMJ Financial (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed as Exhibit 10.8 on November 20, 2017) Amendment #5 to the Securities Purchase Agreement and Note, dated November 16, 2017, by and between Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and JMJ Financial (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed as Exhibit 10.9 on November 20, 2017) Amendment #6 to the Securities Purchase Agreement and Note, dated November 20, 2017, by and between Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and JMJ Financial (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed as Exhibit 10.10 on November 20, 2017) Forbearance Agreement, dated May 12, 2017, by and among Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and GPB Debt Holdings II, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed as Exhibit 10.13 on November 20, 2017) Form of Note Holder Letter Agreement, dated June 9, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2017) 10.19+ Form of Arcaini Letter Agreement, dated June 9, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.2 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2017) 10.20+ Form of Goldfarb Letter Agreement, dated June 9, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.3 with the 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2017) GPB Debt Holdings II, LLC Letter Agreement, dated August 1, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed as Exhibit 10.4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2017) Form of Conversion Letter (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.5 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 29, 2017) Form of Redemption Letter (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 29, 2017) Form of Pay-off Letter (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed as Exhibit 10.3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 29, 2017) 10.25+ Amendment to 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B of the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 18, 2017). 10.26+ Amendment to 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 21, 2019) 10.27+ Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 15, 2020) 10.28 10.29 10.30 10.31 Paycheck Protection Program Note, dated April 23, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2020) Separation Agreement, dated July 10, 2020, by and between Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and Gianni B. Arcaini (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 12, 2020) Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2021) Form of Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2021) 46 10.32+ 10.33+ 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on June 23, 2021) Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 2018, between the Company and Adrian G. Goldfarb (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the 10.34+ Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 2018, between the Company and Connie L. Weeks (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 11, 2019) 10.35 10.36 10.37 10.38 Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 11, 2019) Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 3, 2022) Form of Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 3, 2022) Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 28, 2023) Form of Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 28, 2023) 10.39+ 2021 Equity Incentive Plan as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit C to the definitive Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 2023) 10.40+ Duos Technologies Group, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit B to the definitive Proxy Statement filed with the 10.41 10.42 10.43 10.44 10.45 Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 2023) Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 3, 2023) Form of Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 3, 2023) Form of Securities Purchase Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2023) Form of Exchange Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2023) Form of Registration Rights Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2023) 10.46+ Employment Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2023, between Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and Andrew W. Murphy (incorporated herein by reference to 10.47 10.48 10.49 10.50 14.1 Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2023). Form of Securities Purchase Agreement for Series D Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 25, 2024) Form of Registration Rights Agreement for Series D Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 25, 2024) Form of Securities Purchase Agreement for Series E Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 25, 2024) Form of Registration Rights Agreement for Series E Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 25, 2024) Code of Ethics (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 14.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Year Ended December 31, 2018 on April 15, 2019) 21 23.1 31.1* 31.2* 32.1** 32.2** 97* 99.1 99.2 99.3 101.INS * List of Subsidiaries (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed on May 28, 2021) Consent of Salberg & Company, P.A. Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. DUOS Technologies Group, Inc. Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation Audit Committee Charter (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 15, 2019) Compensation Committee Charter (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 15, 2019) Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee Charter (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 15, 2019) Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document) Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) 101.SCH * 101.CAL * 101.DEF * 101.LAB * 101.PRE * 104* ——————— * ** + filed herewith furnished herewith indicates management contract or compensatory plan Item 16. Form 10-K Summary Not applicable 47 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES Date: April 1, 2024 Date: April 1, 2024 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. By: /s/ Charles P. Ferry Charles P. Ferry Chief Executive Officer By: /s/ Andrew W. Murphy Andrew W. Murphy Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title /s/ Charles P. Ferry Charles P. Ferry /s/ Andrew W. Murphy Andrew W. Murphy /s/ Kenneth Ehrman Kenneth Ehrman /s/ Ned Mavrommatis Ned Mavrommatis /s/ James Craig Nixon James Craig Nixon /s/ Frank A. Lonegro Frank A. Lonegro Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) Chairman Director Director Director 48 Date April 1, 2024 April 1, 2024 April 1, 2024 April 1, 2024 April 1, 2024 April 1, 2024 INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID # 106) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-1 F-2 F-4 F-6 F-7 F-8 F-9 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of: Duos Technologies Group, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Duos Technologies Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023 and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Basis for Opinion These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate. 2295 NW Corporate Blvd., Suite 240 • Boca Raton, FL 33431 Phone: (561) 995-8270 • Toll Free: (866) CPA-8500 • Fax: (561) 995-1920 www.salbergco.com • info@salbergco.com Member National Association of Certified Valuation Analysts • Registered with the PCAOB Member CPAConnect with Affiliated Offices Worldwide • Member Center for Public Company Audit Firms F-2 Percentage of Completion Revenue Recognition & Related Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities As described in footnote 1, “Revenue Recognition – Technology Systems” and footnote 8, “Revenues and Contract Accounting” to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recognizes revenue over time using a cost-based input methodology in which significant judgement is required to determine estimated costs to complete projects. These estimated costs are then used to determine the progress towards contract completion and the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize. In addition, contract assets on uncompleted contracts represent cumulative revenues in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts accounted for under the percentage of completion contract method. Contract liabilities on uncompleted contracts represent billings that exceed cumulative revenues recognized on uncompleted contracts accounted for under the percentage of completion contract method. We identified this percentage of completion revenue recognition as a critical audit matter. Auditing management’s estimates and judgments regarding forecasts of total estimated costs to complete projects is especially challenging and complex. The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included (a) evaluated the reasonableness of management’s cost estimates to complete projects by gaining an understanding of the management’s process to develop the estimates, comparing them to historical information, year-to-date current information, information available on projects subsequent to year end, and other supporting information, (b) performed ratio analysis and gross margin comparisons when applicable on a sample of technology systems revenues (c) agreed cost details to supporting documents, (d) confirmed billings with customers and/or traced cash receipts to bank statements, (e) recomputed the revenue earned and recognized, and (f) recomputed the contract asset or liability We agree with management’s conclusions. Analysis of Liquidity and Going Concern As summarized in Footnote 2 “Liquidity” to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has a history of net losses and net cash used in operating activities and believes such conditions will continue for a period of time into the future. These are considered adverse conditions or events that lead management to consider whether there is substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time or whether such concerns are alleviated with management’s plans. We identified the going concern risk analysis as a critical audit matter. Auditing management’s going concern analysis including their process to develop the analysis and the projections of future cash flows, operating trends, and assessments of internal and external matters that may affect the Company’s future operations and cash flows involved a high degree of subjectivity. Additionally, auditing management’s plans to address the going concern risk involved highly subjective auditor judgment. The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included (a) assessed the reasonableness of management’s process for developing their assessment of whether a going concern risk exists, (b) assessed the reasonableness of assumptions management used in their future cash flow projections, consideration of positive and negative evidence impacting management’s forecasts, and consideration of the Company’s financing arrangements in place as of the report date, (c) developed our own independent calculation of expected source and use of funds and needs of the Company over the one year period from the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements, (d) tested management’s bank reconciliations and confirmed cash balances as of December 31, 2023 with the banks and inspected the bank balances after the March 2024 capital raise (e) identified management’s plans for dealing with the adverse conditions and events discussed above and assessed the reasonableness of the assumptions of such plans, (f) assessed whether it is probable that management’s plans, when implemented, will mitigate the adverse effects of the conditions and events discussed above, (g) concluded whether substantial doubt exists as to whether the Company can continue as a going concern for a period of one year after the consolidated financial statements are issued and (h) considered the effect of such conclusion on the consolidated financial statement disclosures and our report of an independent registered public accounting firm. We agree with management’s conclusions. /s/ Salberg & Company, P.A. SALBERG & COMPANY, P.A. We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2013 Boca Raton, Florida April 1, 2024 F-3 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS ASSETS CURRENT ASSETS: Cash Accounts receivable, net Contract assets Inventory Prepaid expenses and other current assets Total Current Assets Property and equipment, net Operating lease right of use asset Security deposit OTHER ASSETS: Note Receivable, net Patents and trademarks, net Software development costs, net Total Other Assets TOTAL ASSETS December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ 2,441,842 $ 1,462,463 641,947 1,526,165 184,478 6,256,895 726,507 4,373,155 550,000 153,750 129,140 652,838 935,728 1,121,092 3,418,263 425,722 1,428,360 441,320 6,834,757 629,490 4,689,931 600,000 — 69,733 265,208 334,941 $ 12,842,285 $ 13,089,119 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. F-4 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED) LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY CURRENT LIABILITIES: Accounts payable Notes payable - financing agreements Accrued expenses Equipment financing payable-current portion Operating lease obligations-current portion Contract liabilities Total Current Liabilities Operating lease obligations, less current portion Total Liabilities Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ 595,634 $ 41,976 164,113 — 779,087 1,666,243 3,247,053 4,228,718 7,475,771 2,290,390 74,575 453,023 22,851 696,869 957,997 4,495,705 4,542,943 9,038,648 Preferred stock: $0.001 par value, 10,000,000 authorized, 9,441,000 shares available to be designated Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock, $10 stated value per share 500,000 shares designated; 0 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, convertible into common stock at $6.30 per share Series B convertible preferred stock, $1,000 stated value per share, 15,000 shares designated; 0 and 0 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, convertible into common stock at $7 per share Series C convertible preferred stock, $1,000 stated value per share, 5,000 shares designated; 0 and 0 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, convertible into common stock at $5.50 per share Series D convertible preferred stock, $1,000 stated value per share, 4,000 shares designated; 1,299 and 1,299 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, convertible into common stock at $3 per share Series E convertible preferred stock, $1,000 stated value per share, 30,000 shares designated; 11,500 and 0 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, convertible into common stock at $3 per share Series F convertible preferred stock, $1,000 stated value per share, 5,000 shares designated; 0 and 0 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, convertible into common stock at $6.20 per share Common stock: $0.001 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized, 7,306,663 and 7,156,876 shares issued, 7,305,339 and 7,155,552 shares outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively Additional paid-in-capital Accumulated deficit Sub-total Less: Treasury stock (1,324 shares of common stock at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022) Total Stockholders' Equity Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity — — — 1 12 — — — — 1 — — 7,306 69,120,199 (63,603,552) 5,523,966 (157,452) 5,366,514 7,156 56,562,600 (52,361,834) 4,207,923 (157,452) 4,050,471 $ 12,842,285 $ 13,089,119 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. F-5 REVENUES: Technology systems Services and consulting Total Revenues COST OF REVENUES: Technology systems Services and consulting Total Cost of Revenues GROSS MARGIN OPERATING EXPENSES: Sales and marketing Research and development General and Administration Total Operating Expenses LOSS FROM OPERATIONS OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES): Interest expense Other income, net Total Other Income (Expenses) NET LOSS Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share Weighted Average Shares-Basic and Diluted DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS For the Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ 3,618,022 $ 3,853,176 11,190,292 3,822,074 7,471,198 15,012,366 4,352,247 1,810,070 8,376,649 1,887,614 6,162,317 10,264,263 1,308,881 4,748,103 1,493,309 1,812,951 9,449,187 1,337,186 1,651,064 8,625,002 12,755,447 11,613,252 (11,446,566) (6,865,149) (7,159) 212,007 204,848 (9,191) 9,557 366 (11,241,718) $ (6,864,783) (1.56) $ (1.11) 7,204,177 6,175,193 $ $ See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. F-6 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Preferred Stock B Preferred Stock C Preferred Stock D Preferred Stock E Preferred Stock F Common Stock Additional Accumulated # of Shares Amount # of Shares Amount # of Shares Amount # of Shares Amount # of Shares Amount # of Shares Amount Paid-in- Capital Deficit Treasury Stock Total 851 $ 1 2,500 $ 2 — $ — — $ — — $ — 4,111,047 $ 4,111 $46,431,874 $(45,497,051) $(157,452) $ 781,485 — — (2,500) (2) — — — — — — 454,546 455 (453) — — — (851) (1) — — — — — — — — 121,572 122 (121) — — — — — — — 1,299 1 — — — — — — 1,298,999 — — 1,299,000 — — — — — — — — — — — — 819,191 — — 819,191 — — — — — — — — — — 2,425,752 2,425 8,798,579 — — 8,801,004 Balance December 31, 2021 Series C preferred stock converted to common stock Series B preferred stock converted to common stock Series D preferred stock converted to common stock Stock options compensation Common stock issued for cash Stock issuance cost — — — — — — — — — — — — (942,926) (942,926) Stock issued for services Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2022 Balance December 31, 2022 Series E preferred stock issued Series F preferred stock issued Series F preferred stock exchanged for Series E preferred Stock options compensation — — — — — — — — — — 43,959 43 157,457 — — 157,500 — — — — — — — — — — — — — (6,864,783) — (6,864,783) — $ — — $ — 1,299 $ 1 — $ — — $ — 7,156,876 $ 7,156 $56,562,600 $(52,361,834) $(157,452) $ 4,050,471 — — — — — — 6,500 7 — — — — 6,499,993 — — 6,500,000 — — — — — — — — 5,000 5 — — 4,999,995 — — 5,000,000 — — — — — — 5,000 5 (5,000) (5) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 573,441 — — 573,441 Stock issuance cost — — — — — — — — — — — — (25,797) — — (25,797) Stock issued for services Stock issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan for cash and compensation Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 Balance December 31, 2023 — — — — — — — — — — 38,249 38 143,027 — — 143,065 — — — — — — — — — — 111,538 112 366,940 — — 367,052 — — — — — — — — — — — — — (11,241,718) — (11,241,718) — $ — — $ — 1,299 $ 1 11,500 $ 12 — $ — 7,306,663 $ 7,306 $69,120,199 $(63,603,552) $(157,452) $ 5,366,514 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. F-7 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Cash from operating activities: Net loss Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization Stock based compensation Stock issued for services Amortization of operating lease right of use asset Changes in assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable Note receivable Contract assets Inventory Security deposit Prepaid expenses and other current assets Accounts payable Accrued expenses Operating lease obligation Contract liabilities Net cash used in operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Purchase of patents/trademarks Purchase of software development Purchase of fixed assets Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Repayments of insurance and equipment financing Repayment of finance lease Proceeds from common stock issued Issuance cost Proceeds from shares issued under Employee Stock Purchase Plan Proceeds from preferred stock issued Net cash provided by financing activities Net increase in cash Cash, beginning of year Cash, end of year Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: Interest paid Taxes paid Supplemental Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities: Notes issued for financing of insurance premiums For the Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ (11,241,718) $ (6,864,783) 550,201 710,047 143,065 316,776 1,955,800 (153,750) (216,225) (97,804) 50,000 744,771 (1,694,756) (289,209) (232,007) 708,245 350,192 819,191 157,500 235,834 (1,679,720) — (422,273) (1,130,022) — 266,539 1,245,890 (165,069) 184,728 (871,314) (8,746,564) (7,873,307) (69,327) (527,896) (496,686) (1,093,909) (520,529) (22,851) — (25,797) 230,400 11,500,000 11,161,223 1,320,750 1,121,092 2,441,842 $ 7,159 $ 29,085 $ (18,190) (281,783) (344,915) (644,888) (331,175) (80,335) 8,801,003 (942,926) — 1,299,000 8,745,567 227,372 893,720 1,121,092 9,292 1,264 487,929 $ 353,244 $ $ $ $ See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. F-8 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 NOTE 1 – NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Nature of Operations Duos Technologies Group, Inc. (the “Company”), through its operating subsidiaries, Duos Technologies, Inc. (“Duos”) and TrueVue360, Inc. (“TrueVue360”) (collectively the “Company”), is a company that specializes in machine vision and artificial intelligence to analyze fast moving objects such as trains, trucks, automobiles, and aircraft. This technology can help improve safety, maintenance, and operating metrics. The Company is the inventor of the Railcar Inspection Portal (RIP) and is currently the rail industry leader for machine vision/camera wayside detection systems that include the use of Artificial Intelligence at speeds up to 125 mph. The RIP inspects a train at full speed from the top, sides, and bottom looking at FRA/AAR mandated safety inspection points. The system also detects illegal riders that assists law enforcement agencies. Each rail car is scanned with machine vision cameras and other sensors from the top, sides, and bottom and images are produced within seconds of passing that can be used by the customer to help prevent derailments, improve maintenance operations, and assist with security. The Company self-performs all aspects of hardware, software, IT, and Artificial Intelligence development and engineering and holds several patents and maintains significant intellectual property. The Company also has a proprietary portfolio of over 48 Artificial Intelligence “Use Cases” that automatically flag defects. The Company has deployed this system with several Class 1 and passenger customers and anticipates an increased demand in the future from rail operators, car owners, shippers, and law enforcement agencies. The Company has also developed the Automated Logistics Information System (ALIS) which automates gatehouse operations where trucks enter and exit large logistics and intermodal facilities. This solution also incorporates sensors and data points as necessary for each operation and directly interconnects with backend logistics databases and processes to streamline operations and significantly improve operations and security and, importantly, dramatically improves throughput on each lane on which the technology is deployed. The Company expects to deploy an upgraded Truck Inspection Portal (TIP) which uses the same technology and lessons learned from the ALIS and RIP systems. The Company’s strategy is to expand our existing customer base in the Class 1, short line, and passenger space in North America; expand our subscription offering to car owners and shippers; and expand operations to meet the demand from international customers. The Company has prepared to respond and scale if necessary to react to increased demand from potential regulations that may be imposed around wayside detection technology. In the future the Company may put more emphasis on the trucking and intermodal sector with an updated Truck Inspection Portal solution. The Company continues to focus on operational and technical excellence, customer satisfaction, and maintaining a highly skilled and performance-based work force. F-9 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Duos Technologies, Inc. and TrueVue360, Inc. All inter- company transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The most significant estimates in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include the allowance on accounts receivable and notes receivable, valuation of common stock warrants received in exchange for an asset sale, valuation of deferred tax assets, valuation of intangible and other long-lived assets, estimates of net contract revenues and the total estimated costs to determine progress towards contract completion, valuation of inventory, estimates of the valuation of right of use assets and corresponding lease liabilities, valuation of warrants issued with debt and valuation of stock-based awards. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Concentrations Cash Concentrations Cash is maintained at financial institutions and at times, balances may exceed federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses related to these balances. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had balances in a financial institution which combined exceeded federally insured limits by approximately $1,948,794. Any loss incurred or a lack of access to such funds could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operation and cash flows. F-10 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Significant Customers and Concentration of Credit Risk The Company had certain customers whose revenue individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue, or whose accounts receivable balances individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable, as follows: For the year ended December 31, 2023, three customers accounted for 48%, 30%, and 11% of revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2022, four customers accounted for 42%, 18%, 14% and 14% of revenues. In all cases, there are no minimum contract values stated. Each contract covers an agreement to deliver a rail inspection portal which, once accepted, must be paid in full, with 30% or more being due and payable prior to delivery. The balances of the contracts are for service and maintenance which is paid annually in advance with revenues recorded ratably over the contract period. At December 31, 2023, two customers accounted for 83%, and 11%, of accounts receivable. At December 31, 2022, four customers accounted for 34%, 31%, 19% and 10% of accounts receivable. Much of the credit risk is mitigated since all of the customers listed here are Class 1 railroads with a history of timely payments to us. Geographic Concentration Approximately 44% and 41% of revenue in 2023 and 2022, respectively, is generated from customers outside of the United States. Significant Vendors and Concentration of Credit Risk In some instances, the Company relies on a limited pool of vendors for key components related to the manufacturing of its subsystems. These vendors are primarily focused on camera, server and lighting technologies integral to the Company’s solution. Where possible, the Company seeks multiple vendors for key components to mitigate vendor concentration risk. F-11 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. ASC 820 establishes a common definition for fair value to be applied to existing generally accepted accounting principles that requires the use of fair value measurements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure about such fair value measurements. ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Additionally, ASC 820 requires the use of valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. These inputs are prioritized below: Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data Level 3: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the use of the reporting entity’s own assumptions that the market participants would use in the valuation of the asset or liability based on the best available information. The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under the Financial Accounting Standard Board’s (“FASB”) accounting standard for such instruments. Under this standard, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The estimated fair value of certain financial instruments, including accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued expenses and notes payable are carried at historical cost basis, which approximates their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. Accounts Receivable On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASC 326, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses". In accordance with ASC 326, an allowance is maintained for estimated forward- looking losses resulting from the possible inability of customers to make required payments (current expected losses). The amount of the allowance is determined principally on the basis of past collection experience and known financial factors regarding specific customers. Accounts receivable are stated at estimated net realizable value. Accounts receivable are comprised of balances due from customers net of estimated allowances for uncollectible accounts. In determining the collections on the account, historical trends are evaluated, and specific customer issues are reviewed to arrive at appropriate allowances. The Company reviews its accounts to estimate losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Any required allowance is based on specific analysis of past due accounts and also considers historical trends of write-offs. Past due status is based on how recently payments have been received from customers. Inventory Inventory consists primarily of spare parts and consumables and long-lead time components to be used in the production of our technology systems or in connection with maintenance agreements with customers. Any inventory deemed to be obsolete is written off. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory cost is primarily determined using the weighted average cost method. F-12 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided by the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the property and equipment (three to five years). When assets are sold or retired, their costs and accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss resulting from their disposal is included in the statement of operations. Leasehold improvements are expensed over the shorter of the term of our lease or their useful lives. Software Development Costs Software development costs incurred prior to establishing technological feasibility are charged to operations and included in research and development costs. The technological feasibility of a software product is established when the Company has completed all planning, designing, coding, and testing activities that are necessary to establish that the product meets its design specifications, including functionality, features, and technical performance requirements. Software development costs incurred after establishing technological feasibility for software sold as a perpetual license, as defined within ASC 985-20 (Software – Costs of Software to be Sold, Leased, or Marketed) are capitalized and amortized on a product-by-product basis when the product is available for general release to customers. Software development costs are evaluated for impairment annually by comparing the net realizable value to the unamortized capitalization costs and writing these costs down to net realizable value. Patents and Trademarks Patents and trademarks which are stated at amortized cost, relate to the development of video surveillance security system technology and are being amortized over 17 years. Long-Lived Assets The Company evaluates the recoverability of its property, equipment, and other long-lived assets in accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-35-15 “Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”, which requires recognition of impairment of long-lived assets in the event the net book values of such assets exceed the estimated future undiscounted cash flows attributable to such assets or the business to which such intangible assets relate. This guidance requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Product Warranties The Company has a 90-day warranty period for materials and labor after final acceptance of a project. If any parts are defective they are replaced under our vendor warranty which is usually 12 to 36 months. Final acceptance terms vary by customer. Some customers have a cure period for any material deviation and if the Company fails or is unable to correct any deviations, a full refund of all payments made by the customer will be arranged by the Company. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the warranty costs have been de-minimis, therefore no accrual of warranty liability has been made. Loan Costs Loan costs paid to lenders, or third parties are recorded as debt discounts to the related loans and amortized to interest expense over the loan term. Sales Returns Our systems are sold as integrated systems and there are no sales returns allowed. Revenue Recognition The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), that affects the timing of when certain types of revenues will be recognized. The basic principles in ASC 606 include the following: a contract with a customer creates distinct contract assets and performance obligations, satisfaction of a performance obligation creates revenue, and a performance obligation is satisfied upon transfer of control to a good or service to a customer. F-13 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Revenue is recognized by evaluating our revenue contracts with customers based on the five-step model under ASC 606: 1. 2. Identify the contract with the customer; Identify the performance obligations in the contract; 3. Determine the transaction price; 4. Allocate the transaction price to separate performance obligations; and 5. Recognize revenue when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied. The Company generates revenue from four sources: (1) Technology Systems; (2) AI Technologies; (3) Technical Support and (4) Consulting services. Technology Systems For revenues related to technology systems, the Company recognizes revenue over time using a cost-based input methodology in which significant judgment is required to estimate costs to complete projects. These estimated costs are then used to determine the progress towards contract completion and the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize. Accordingly, the Company now bases its revenue recognition on ASC 606-10-25-27, where control of a good or service transfers over time if the entity’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity and the entity has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date including a profit margin or reasonable return on capital. Control is deemed to pass to the customer instantaneously as the goods are manufactured and revenue is recognized accordingly. In addition, the Company has adopted ASC 606-10-55-21 such that if the cost incurred is not proportionate to the progress in satisfying the performance obligation, we adjust the input method to recognize revenue only to the extent of the cost incurred. Therefore, the Company will recognize revenue at an equal amount to the cost of the goods to satisfy the performance obligation. To accurately reflect revenue recognition based on the input method, the Company has adopted the implementation guidance as set out in ASC-606-10-55-187 through 192. Under this method, contract revenues are recognized over the performance period of the contract in direct proportion to the costs incurred. Costs include direct material, direct labor, subcontract labor and other allocable indirect costs. All un-allocable indirect costs and corporate general and administrative costs are also charged to the periods as incurred. Any recognized revenues that have not been billed to a customer are recorded as an asset in “contract assets”. Any billings of customers more than recognized revenues are recorded as a liability in “contract liabilities”. However, in the event a loss on a contract is foreseen, the Company will recognize the loss when such loss is determined to be both probable and reasonably estimable. AI Technologies The Company has revenue from applications that incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) in the form of predetermined algorithms which provide important operating information to the users of our systems. The revenue generated from these applications of AI consists of a fixed fee related to the design, development, testing and incorporation of new algorithms into the system, which is recognized as revenue at a point in time upon acceptance, as well as an annual application maintenance fee, which is recognized as revenue ratably over the contracted maintenance term. Technical Support Technical support services are provided on both an as-needed and extended-term basis and may include providing both parts and labor. Maintenance and technical support provided outside of a maintenance contract are on an “as-requested” basis, and revenue is recognized over time as the services are provided. Revenue for maintenance and technical support provided on an extended-term basis is recognized over time ratably over the term of the contract. F-14 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Consulting Services The Company’s consulting services business generates revenues under contracts with customers from four sources: (1) Professional Services (consulting and auditing); (2) Software licensing with optional hardware sales; (3) Customer service training and (4) Maintenance support. (1) Revenues for professional services, which are of short-term duration, are recognized when services are completed; (2) For all periods reflected in this report, software license sales have been one-time sales of a perpetual license to use our software product and the customer also has the option to purchase third-party manufactured handheld devices from us if they purchase our software license. Accordingly, the revenue is recognized upon delivery of the software and delivery of the hardware, as applicable, to the customer; (3) Training sales are one-time upfront short-term training sessions and are recognized after the service has been performed; and (4) Maintenance/support is an optional product sold to our software license customers under one-year contracts. Accordingly, maintenance payments received upfront are deferred and recognized over the contract term. Multiple Performance Obligations and Allocation of Transaction Price Arrangements with customers may involve multiple performance obligations including project revenue and maintenance services in our Technology Systems business. Maintenance will occur after the project is completed and may be provided on an extended-term basis or on an as-needed basis. In our consulting services business, multiple performance obligations may include any of the above four sources. Training and maintenance on software products may occur after the software product sale while other services may occur before or after the software product sale and may not relate to the software product. Revenue recognition for a multiple performance obligations arrangement is as follows: Each performance obligation is accounted for separately when each has value to the customer on a standalone basis and there is Company specific objective evidence of the selling price of each deliverable. For revenue arrangements with multiple deliverables, the Company allocates the total customer arrangement to the separate units of accounting based on their relative selling prices as determined by the price of the items when sold separately. Once the selling price is allocated, the revenue for each performance obligation is recognized using the applicable criteria under GAAP as discussed above for performance obligations sold in single performance obligation arrangements. A delivered item or items that do not qualify as a separate unit of accounting within the arrangement are combined with the other applicable undelivered items within the arrangement. The allocation of arrangement consideration and the recognition of revenue is then determined for those combined deliverables as a single unit of accounting. The Company sells its various services and software and hardware products at established prices on a standalone basis which provides Company specific objective evidence of selling price for purposes of performance obligations relative selling price allocation. The Company only sells maintenance services or spare parts based on its established rates after it has completed a system integration project for a customer. The customer is not required to purchase maintenance services. All elements in multiple performance obligations arrangements with Company customers qualify as separate units of account for revenue recognition purposes. Advertising The Company expenses the cost of advertising. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no advertising costs. F-15 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Stock Based Compensation The Company accounts for employee and non-employee stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718-10, “Share-Based Payment,” which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employee and directors including stock options, restricted stock units, and employee stock purchases based on estimated fair values. The stock-based compensation carries a graded vesting feature subject to the condition of time of employment service with awarded stock-based compensation tranches vesting evenly upon the anniversary date of the award. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula. In accordance with ASC 718-10-35-8, the Company elected to recognize the fair value of the stock award using the graded vesting method as time of employment service is the criteria for vesting. The Company’s determination of fair value using an option-pricing model is affected by the stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly subjective variables. The Company estimates volatility based upon the historical stock price of the Company and estimates the expected term for stock options using the simplified method for employees and directors and the contractual term for non-employees. The risk-free rate is determined based upon the prevailing rate of United States Treasury securities with similar maturities. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of deferred income taxes for differences between the basis of assets and liabilities for financial statement and income tax purposes. The deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax return consequences of those differences, which will either be taxable or deductible when the assets and liabilities are recovered or settled. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The Company evaluates all significant tax positions as required by ASC 740. As of December 31, 2023, the Company does not believe that it has taken any positions that would require the recording of any additional tax liability, nor does it believe that there are any unrealized tax benefits that would either increase or decrease within the next year. Any penalties and interest assessed by income taxing authorities are included in operating expenses. The federal and state income tax returns of the Company are subject to examination by the IRS and state taxing authorities, generally for three years after they were filed. Tax years 2020, 2021 and 2022 remain open for potential audit. Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings per share (EPS) are computed by dividing the net loss applicable to common stock by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss applicable to common stock by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period and, if dilutive, potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise or conversion of stock options, stock warrants, convertible debt instruments, convertible preferred stock or other common stock equivalents. Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation if their effect is anti-dilutive. At December 31, 2023, there were (i) an aggregate of 44,644 outstanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock, (ii) employee stock options to purchase an aggregate of 1,387,775 shares of common stock, (iii) 433,000 common shares issuable upon conversion of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, (iv) 3,833,334 common shares issuable upon conversion of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, and (v) 0 common shares issuable upon conversion of Series F Convertible Preferred Stock, all of which were excluded from the computation of diluted net earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. At December 31, 2022, there was an aggregate of 147,591 outstanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock aggregate of 926,266 employee stock options to purchase shares of common stock, and 433,000 common shares were issuable upon conversion of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, all of which were excluded from the computation of diluted net earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. F-16 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Leases The Company follows ASC 842 “Leases”. This guidance requires lessees to recognize right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities for most operating leases. In addition, this guidance requires that lessors separate lease and non-lease components in a contract in accordance with the revenue guidance in ASC 606. The Company made an accounting policy election to not recognize short-term leases with terms of twelve months or less on the balance sheet and instead recognize the lease payments in expense as incurred. The Company has also elected to account for real estate leases that contain both lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. At the inception of a contract the Company assesses whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. The Company’s assessment is based on: (1) whether the contract involves the use of a distinct identified asset, (2) whether we obtain the right to substantially all the economic benefit from the use of the asset throughout the period, and (3) whether we have the right to direct the use of the asset. Operating ROU assets represent the right to use the leased asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date to determine the present value of future payments. The lease term includes all periods covered by renewal and termination options where the Company is reasonably certain to exercise the renewal options or not to exercise the termination options. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in general and administration expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Recent Accounting Pronouncements From time to time, the FASB or other standards setting bodies will issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB ASC are communicated through issuance of an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”). In August 2020, the FASB issued an accounting pronouncement (ASU 2020-06) related to the measurement and disclosure requirements for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity's own equity. The pronouncement simplifies and adds disclosure requirements for the accounting and measurement of convertible instruments and the settlement assessment for contracts in an entity's own equity. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023. The Company early adopted this pronouncement for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2022, and it did not have a material effect on our audited consolidated financial statements. In May 2021, the FASB issued an accounting pronouncement (ASU 2021-04) related to modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (such as warrants) that remain equity classified after modification or exchange. The pronouncement states that an entity should treat the modification as an exchange of the original instrument for a new instrument, and the effect of the modification should be calculated as the difference between the fair value of the modified instrument and the fair value of that instrument immediately before modification. An entity should then recognize the effect of the modification on the basis of the substance of the transaction, in the same manner as if cash had been paid as consideration. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2021. The pronouncement is applied prospectively to all modifications that occur after the initial date of adoption. We adopted this pronouncement for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2022, and it did not have a material effect on our audited consolidated financial statements. In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. The guidance was issued as improvements to ASU No. 2016-13. The vintage disclosure changes require an entity to disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied prospectively. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The amendments will impact our disclosures but will not otherwise impact the consolidated financial statements. During 2023, the Company adopted a policy related to Topic 326 whereby it periodically reviews the collectability and historical write-offs, if any, to evaluate the need for any credit losses or an allowance. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. ASU 2023-07 requires companies to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. ASU 2023-07 is effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2024 and interim periods beginning on January 1, 2025. ASU 2023-07 must be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is evaluating the disclosure impact of ASU 2023-07; however, the standard will not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose, on an annual basis, specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. Further, ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose additional information about income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025 and will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. The Company is evaluating the disclosure impact of ASU 2023-09; however, the standard will not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, if adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements. F-17 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 NOTE 2 – LIQUIDITY Under Accounting Codification ASC 205, Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40) (“ASC 205-40”), the Company has the responsibility to evaluate whether conditions and/or events raise substantial doubt about its ability to meet its future financial obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. As required by ASC 205-40, this evaluation shall initially not take into consideration the potential mitigating effects of plans that have not been fully implemented as of the date the financial statements are issued. Management has assessed the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern in accordance with the requirement of ASC 205-40. As reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company had a net loss of $11,241,718 for the year ended December 31, 2023. During the same period, cash used in operating activities was $8,746,564. The working capital surplus and accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2023, were $3,009,842 and $63,603,552, respectively. In previous financial reports, the Company had raised substantial doubt about continuing as a going concern. This was principally due to a lack of working capital prior to an underwritten offerings and a private placement which were completed during the first, third and fourth quarters of 2022, the first, third and fourth quarters of 2023, as well as the first quarter of 2024. As previously noted, the Company was successful during 2023 in raising gross proceeds of over $11,500,000 from the sale of Series E and F Preferred Stock. Additionally, late in the first quarter of 2024, the Company raised gross proceeds of $2,745,000 from the issuance of a combination of Series D and E Preferred Stock (See Note 17). As part of its strategy, the Company will endeavor to utilize the Preferred Series E and the remainder of the Series D as additional funding mechanisms. Additionally, during the second quarter of 2024, the Company will again have access to its S-3 “shelf registration” statement allowing the Company to sell additional common shares. At the time of this document, the Company estimates that it has available capacity on its shelf registration which it can utilize to bolster working capital and growth of the business in the event it did not have an uptake in the preferred classes of shares previously noted. Although additional investment is not assured, the Company is comfortable that it would be able to raise sufficient capital to support expanded operations based on an anticipated increase in business activity. In the long run, the continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the ability of the Company to continue executing its business plan, generate enough revenue, and attain consistently profitable operations. Although the lingering effects of the global pandemic related to the coronavirus (Covid-19) previously effected our operations, particularly in our supply chain, we now believe that the supply chain lags have largely been abated. We have analyzed our cash flow under “stress test” conditions and have determined that we have sufficient liquid assets on hand or available via the capital markets to maintain operations for at least twelve months from the issuance date of this report. In addition, management has taken and continues to take actions including, but not limited to, elimination of certain costs that do not contribute to short term revenue, and re- aligning both management and staffing with a focus on improving certain skill sets necessary to build growth and profitability and focusing product strategy on opportunities that are likely to bear results in the relatively short term. The Company believes that, with the combination of commercial sales success, Series E Preferred Stock offering coupled with an S-3 shelf registration availability starting in the second quarter of 2024, it will have sufficient working capital to meet its obligations over the following twelve months. In the last twelve months the Company has seen growth in its contracted backlog as well as significant, positive signs from new commercial projects that indicate improvements in future revenues. Management believes that, at this time, the conditions in our market space with ongoing contract delays and the additional time needed to execute on new contracts previously reported have put a strain on our cash reserves. However, recent private placements as well as the availability to raise capital via its shelf registration indicate there is no substantial doubt for the Company to continue as a going concern for a period of twelve months. We continue executing the plan to grow our business and achieve profitability. The Company may selectively look at opportunities for fund raising in the future. Management has extensively evaluated our requirements for the next 12 months and has determined that the Company currently has sufficient cash and access to capital to operate for at least that period. While no assurance can be provided, management believes that these actions provide the opportunity for the Company to continue as a going concern and to grow its business and achieve profitability with access to additional capital funding. Ultimately the continuation of the Company as a going concern is dependent upon the ability of the Company to continue executing the plan described above which was put in place in late 2022 and will continue in 2024 and beyond. As a result, we expect to generate sufficient revenue and to attain profitable operations with minimal cash use in the next 12-18 months. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. F-18 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 NOTE 3 – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Accounts receivable were as follows at December 31, 2023 and 2022: Accounts receivable Allowance for doubtful accounts Accounts Receivable, Net There was no bad debt expense during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. NOTE 4 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT The major classes of property and equipment are as follows at December 31, 2023 and 2022: Furniture & Fixtures Tools and Equipment Leasehold Improvements Internal Use Software Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross Accumulated Depreciation Property, Equipment and Software, net Internal Use Software consisted of the following: Internal Use Software Accumulated depreciation Internal Use Software, net Depreciation Expense: Property and equipment, excluding internal use software Software amortization expense The following is a schedule of estimated future depreciation expense of software at December 31, 2023: 2024 2025 2026 Depreciation expense in 2023 and 2022 was $315,686 and $267,959, respectively. NOTE 5 – PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS Patents Accumulated Amortization Patent, net Amortization expense in 2023 and 2022 was $9,920 and $13,688, respectively. $ $ F-19 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 1,462,463 $ — 1,462,463 $ 3,418,263 — 3,418,263 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 132,018 $ 1,291,673 298,004 381,441 2,103,136 (1,376,629) 726,507 $ 115,238 1,162,568 228,404 100,241 1,606,451 (976,961) 629,490 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 381,441 $ (133,149) 248,292 $ 100,241 (57,032) 43,209 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 315,686 $ 84,328 262,895 57,033 100,952 103,716 43,624 248,292 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ $ 395,472 $ (266,332) 129,140 $ 326,145 (256,412) 69,733 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 NOTE 6 – SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS Software Development Construction in Progress Accumulated amortization Software Development, net December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ $ 721,309 $ 148,371 (216,842) 652,838 $ 341,784 — (76,576) 265,208 Amortization of software development costs in 2023 and 2022 was $140,267 and $16,576, respectively. The following is a schedule of estimated future amortization expense of software at December 31, 2023: 2024 2025 2026 $ $ 269,893 252,341 130,604 652,838 Depreciation of software cost in 2023 and 2022 was $84,328 and $57,033. respectively. NOTE 7 – DEBT Notes Payable – Insurance Premium Financing Agreements The Company’s notes payable relating to financing agreements classified as current liabilities consist of the following as of: Notes Payable Third Party - Insurance Note 1 Third Party - Insurance Note 2 Third Party - Insurance Note 3 Third Party - Insurance Note 4 Total December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Principal Interest Principal Interest $ $ — 39,968 2,008 — 41,976 — $ 8.00% — — $ — 17,753 16,094 40,728 74,575 —% 6.24% — — The Company entered into an agreement on December 23, 2022 with its insurance provider by issuing a $26,484 note payable (Insurance Note 1) for the purchase of an insurance policy, secured by that policy with an annual interest rate of 8.73% payable in 10 monthly installments of principal and interest totaling $2,755 through October 23, 2023. The balance of Insurance Note 1 as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was zero and zero , respectively. The Company entered into an agreement on April 15, 2022 with its insurance provider by issuing a note payable (Insurance Note 2) for the purchase of an insurance policy in the amount of $63,766, secured by that policy with an annual interest rate of 6.24% and payable in 11 monthly installments of principal and interest totaling $5,979. The Company entered into an agreement on April 15, 2023 with its insurance provider by issuing a note payable (Insurance Note 2) for the purchase of an insurance policy in the amount of $142,734, secured by that policy with an annual interest rate of 8.00% and payable in 11 monthly installments of principal and interest totaling $13,501. At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of Insurance Note 2 was $39,968 and $17,753, respectively. The Company entered into an agreement on September 15, 2022 with its insurance provider by issuing a note payable (Insurance Note 3) for the purchase of an insurance policy in the amount of $24,140. The policy was renewed on February 3, 2023 and is payable in 12 monthly installments of $2,012. At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of Insurance Note 3 was $2,008 and $16,094, respectively. The Company entered into an agreement on February 3, 2022 with its insurance provider by issuing a note payable for the purchase of an insurance policy in the amount of $242,591 with a down payment paid in the amount of $41,854 in the first quarter of 2022 and ten monthly installments of $20,073. The Company received a refund on September 30, 2022 as a result of the annual audit of the policy resulting in the refund being applied to the outstanding amount of $53,175. The policy renewed on February 3, 2023 and, in connection therewith, the Company issued a new note payable (Insurance Note 4) to the insurer in the amount of $293,520; with a down payment paid in the amount of $125,690 and payable in ten monthly installments of $23,976. At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of Insurance Note 4 was zero and $40,728, respectively. Equipment Financing The Company entered into an agreement on May 22, 2020 with an equipment financing company by issuing a $121,637 secured note, with an annual interest rate of 9.90% and payable in monthly installments of principal and interest totaling $3,919 through June 1, 2023. At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the aggregate balance of these notes was zero and $22,851 respectively. F-20 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 NOTE 8 – REVENUES AND CONTRACT ACCOUNTING The Company generates revenue from four sources: (1) Technology Systems; (2) AI Technology which is included in the consolidated statements of operations line-item Technology Systems; (3) Technical Support; and (4) Consulting Services which is included in the consolidated statements of operations line-item Services and Consulting. Contract assets and contract liabilities on uncompleted contracts for revenues recognized over time are as follows: Contract Assets Contract assets on uncompleted contracts represent cumulative revenues recognized in excess of billings and/or cash received on uncompleted contracts accounted for under the cost-to-cost input method which recognizes revenue based on the ratio of costs incurred to total estimated costs. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, contract assets on uncompleted contracts consisted of the following: Cumulative revenues recognized Less: Billings or cash received Contract Assets Contract Liabilities 2023 2022 $ $ 8,820,256 $ (8,178,309) 641,947 $ 5,934,205 (5,508,483) 425,722 Contract liabilities on uncompleted contracts represent billings and/or cash received that exceed cumulative revenues recognized on uncompleted contracts accounted for under the cost-to-cost input method. Contract liabilities on services and consulting revenues represent billings and/or cash received in excess of revenue recognized on service agreements that are not accounted for under the cost-to-cost input method. The Company expects to recognize all contract liabilities within 12 months from the date of the consolidated balance sheet. F-21 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 At December 31, 2023 and 2022, contract liabilities on uncompleted contracts consisted of the following: Billings and/or cash receipts on uncompleted contracts Less: Cumulative revenues Contract liabilities, technology systems Contract Liabilities, services and consulting Total Contract Liabilities $ $ $ 2023 2022 1,264,658 $ (199,976) 1,064,682 $ 601,561 1,666,243 $ 4,355,470 (4,144,018) 211,452 746,545 957,997 Contract liabilities at December 31, 2022 were $957,997; of which $211,452 for technology systems and $721,810 in services and consulting have been recognized as of December 31, 2023. Disaggregation of Revenue The Company is following the guidance of ASC 606-10-55-296 and 297 for disaggregation of revenue. Accordingly, revenue has been disaggregated according to the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows. We are providing qualitative and quantitative disclosures. Qualitative: 1. We have four distinct revenue sources: a. Technology Systems (Turnkey, engineered projects); b. AI Technology (Associated maintenance and support services); c. Technical Support (Licensing and professional services related to auditing of data center assets); and d. Consulting Services (Predetermined algorithms to provide important operating information to the users of our systems). 2. We currently operate in North America including the USA, Mexico and Canada. 3. Our customers include rail transportation, commercial, government, banking and IT suppliers. 4. Our technology systems and equipment projects fall into two types: a. Transfer of goods and services are over time. b. Goods delivered at point in time. 5. Our services & maintenance contracts are fixed price and fall into two duration types: a. Turnkey engineered projects and professional service contracts that are less than one year in duration and are typically one to two quarters in length; and b. Maintenance and support contracts ranging from one to five years in length. Quantitative: Segments Primary Geographical Markets North America Major Goods and Service Lines Turnkey Projects Maintenance & Support Data Center Auditing Services Software License Algorithms Timing of Revenue Recognition Goods transferred over time Services transferred over time $ $ $ $ $ For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 Rail Commercial Government Artificial Intelligence Total 6,261,748 $ 78,575 $ 11,353 $ 1,119,522 $7,471,198 3,616,334 2,645,414 — — — 6,261,748 $ $ 3,616,334 2,645,414 6,261,748 $ $ 1,694 76,881 — — — 78,575 $ $ 1,694 76,881 78,575 $ $ F-22 — $ 11,353 — — — 11,353 $ — $ 11,353 11,353 $ — — — — 1,119,522 1,119,522 — 1,119,522 1,119,522 $3,618,028 2,733,648 — — 1,119,522 $7,471,198 $3,218,028 3,853,170 $7,471,198 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 Rail Commercial Government Artificial Intelligence Total $ 13,710,777 $ 115,443 $ 237,414 $ 948,732 $ 15,012,366 $ $ $ $ 10,789,693 2,921,084 — — — 13,710,777 $ $ 9,297 106,146 — — — 115,443 $ $ 156,530 80,884 — — — 237,414 $ $ 234,772 — — — 713,960 948,732 $ $ 11,190,292 3,108,114 — — 713,960 15,012,366 10,789,693 2,921,084 13,710,777 $ $ 9,297 106,146 115,443 $ $ 156,530 80,884 237,414 $ $ 234,772 713,960 948,732 $ $ 11,190,292 3,822,074 15,012,366 Quantitative: Segments Primary Geographical Markets North America Major Goods and Service Lines Turnkey Projects Maintenance & Support Data Center Auditing Services Software License Algorithms Timing of Revenue Recognition Goods transferred over time Services transferred over time Segment Information The Company operates in one reportable segment. NOTE 9 – DEFERRED COMPENSATION As of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the Company has accrued zero and $297,620, respectively, of deferred compensation relating to individual agreements with the former CEO and sales staff, which are included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet in accrued expenses. (See Note 10) NOTE 10 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Operating Lease Obligations On July 26, 2021, the Company entered a new operating lease agreement for office and warehouse combination space of 40,000 square feet, with the lease commencing on November 1, 2021, and ending April 30, 2032. This new space combines the Company’s two separate work locations into one facility, which allows for greater collaboration and also accommodates a larger anticipated workforce and manufacturing facility. On November 24, 2021, the lease was amended to commence on December 1, 2021, and end on May 31, 2032. The Company recognized a ROU asset and operating lease liability in the amount of $4,980,104 at lease commencement. Rent for the first eleven months of the term was calculated based on 30,000 rentable square feet. The rent is subject to an annual escalation of 2.5%, beginning November 1, 2023. The Company made a security deposit payment in the amount of $600,000 on July 26, 2021. Per the contract, in the 18th month the security deposit was reduced by $50,000. The right of use asset balance at December 31, 2023, net of accumulated amortization, was $4,373,155. F-23 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 As of December 31, 2023, the office and warehouse lease is the Company’s only lease with a term greater than twelve months. The office and warehouse lease has a remaining term of approximately 8.5 years and includes an option to extend for two renewal terms of five years each. The renewal options are not reasonably certain to be exercised, and therefore, they are not included when determining the lease term used to establish the right-of use asset and lease liability. The Company also has several short-term leases, primarily related to equipment. The Company made an accounting policy election to not recognize short-term leases with terms of twelve months or less on the consolidated balance sheet and instead recognize the lease payments in expense as incurred. The Company has also elected to account for real estate leases that contain both lease and non- lease components (such as common area maintenance) as a single lease component. The following table shows supplemental information related to leases: Lease cost: Operating lease cost Short-term lease cost Other information: Operating cash outflow used for operating leases Weighted average discount rate Weighted average remaining lease term At December 31, 2023, future minimum lease payments due under the operating lease are as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ $ 781,638 63,770 $ $ 696,869 $ 9.0% 8.5 years 782,591 33,751 416,250 9.0% 9.5 years Calendar year: 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Thereafter Total undiscounted future minimum lease payments Less: Impact of discounting Total present value of operating lease obligation Current portion Operating lease obligation, less current portion Executive Severance Agreement Amount 779,087 798,556 818,518 838,984 859,856 3,183,571 7,278,572 (2,270,767) 5,007,805 (779,087) 4,228,718 $ $ Pursuant to a separation agreement with Gianni Arcaini, our former Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board (the “Separation Agreement”), Mr. Arcaini’s employment with the Company ended on September 1, 2020 (“Separation Date”). The Separation Agreement provided that he would receive separation payments over a 36- month period equal to his base salary plus $75,000 as well as certain limited health and life insurance benefits. The Separation Agreement also contained confidentiality, non- disparagement and non-solicitation covenants and a release of claims by Mr. Arcaini. In accordance with the Separation Agreement, the Company paid to Mr. Arcaini the total sum of $747,788. On March 1, 2021, the Company paid to Mr. Arcaini a lump-sum amount equal to the first six months of payments, or $124,631, owed to Mr. Arcaini and the Company continued to pay him in semi-monthly installments for 30 months thereafter, as contemplated in Mr. Arcaini’s Separation Agreement. The remaining balance included in accrued expenses in the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheet is zero as of December 31, 2023. F-24 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 NOTE 11 – INCOME TAXES The Company maintains deferred tax assets and liabilities that reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The deferred tax assets (liabilities) at December 31, 2023 and 2022 consist of net operating loss carryforwards and differences in the book basis and tax basis of intangible assets. The items accounting for the difference between income taxes at the effective statutory rate and the provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: Income tax benefit at U.S. statutory rate of 21% State income taxes Non-deductible expenses Change in valuation allowance Total provision for income tax The Company’s approximate net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: Deferred Tax Asset (Liability): Net operating loss carryforward Intangible assets Valuation allowance Net deferred tax assets Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 (2,360,761) $ (404,702) 271,648 2,493,815 — $ (1,441,624) (247,135) 201,521 1,487,238 — December 31, 2023 2022 12,318,836 $ (84,823) 12,234,013 (12,234,013) — $ 9,772,854 (32,656) 9,740,198 (9,740,198) — $ $ $ $ The gross operating loss carryforward was approximately $50,076,569 and $39,727,050 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company provided a valuation allowance equal to the net deferred income tax assets for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022 because it was not known whether future taxable income will be sufficient to utilize the loss carryforward and other deferred tax assets. The increase in the valuation allowance was $2,493,815 in 2023. The potential tax benefit arising from the net operating loss carryforward of $4,357,876 from the period prior to January 1, 2018, will expire in 2037. The potential tax benefit arising from the net operating loss carryforward of $7,876,137 generated after January 1, 2018 can be carried forward indefinitely within the annual usage limitations. F-25 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Additionally, the future utilization of the net operating loss carryforward to offset future taxable income is subject to an annual limitation as a result of ownership or business changes that may occur in the future. The Company has not conducted a study to determine the limitations on the utilization of these net operating loss carryforwards. If necessary, the deferred tax assets will be reduced by any carryforward that may not be utilized or expires prior to utilization as a result of such limitations, with a corresponding reduction of the valuation allowance. The Company does not have any uncertain tax positions or events leading to uncertainty in a tax position. The Company’s 2022, 2021 and 2020 Corporate Income Tax Returns are subject to Internal Revenue Service examination. NOTE 12 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 2016 Equity Plan We maintained the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”) for employees, officers, directors and other entities and individuals whose efforts contribute to our success. The 2016 Plan terminated pursuant to its terms on December 31, 2020, although all outstanding awards on such date continue in full force and effect. 2021 Equity Plan On May 12, 2021, the Board adopted, with shareholder approval as of July 15, 2021, the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”) providing for the issuance of up to 1,000,000 shares of our Common Stock. The purpose of the 2021 Plan is to assist the Company in attracting and retaining key employees, directors and consultants and to provide incentives to such individuals to align their interests with those of our shareholders. General Description of the 2021 Plan The following is a summary of the material provisions of the 2021 Plan and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the 2021 Plan, which you are encouraged to read in full. Administration The 2021 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board, which consists of three members of the Board, each of whom is a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act and an “outside director” within the meaning of Code Section 162(m). Among other things, the Compensation Committee has complete discretion, subject to the express limits of the 2021 Plan, to determine the directors, employees and nonemployee consultants to be granted an award, the type of award to be granted, the terms and conditions of the award, the form of payment to be made and/or the number of shares of Common Stock subject to each award, the exercise price of each option and base price of each stock appreciation right (“SAR”), the term of each award, the vesting schedule for an award, whether to accelerate vesting, the value of the Common Stock underlying the award, and the required withholding, if any. The Compensation Committee may amend, modify or terminate any outstanding award, provided that the participant’s consent to such action is required if the action would impair the participant’s rights or entitlements with respect to that award. The Compensation Committee is also authorized to construe the award agreements and may prescribe rules relating to the 2021 Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Compensation Committee does not have any authority to grant or modify an award under the 2021 Plan with terms or conditions that would cause the grant, vesting or exercise thereof to be considered nonqualified “deferred compensation” subject to Code Section 409A. Grant of Awards; Shares Available for Awards The 2021 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, SARs, performance share awards, performance unit awards, distribution equivalent right awards, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards and unrestricted stock awards to non-employee directors, officers, employees and nonemployee consultants of the Company or its affiliates. We have reserved a total of 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance as or under awards to be made under the 2021 Plan. If any award expires, is cancelled, or terminates unexercised or is forfeited, the number of shares subject thereto is again available for grant under the 2021 Plan. F-26 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Stock Options The 2021 Plan provides for either “incentive stock options” (“ISOs”), which are intended to meet the requirements for special federal income tax treatment under the Code, or “nonqualified stock options” (“NQSOs”). On May 12, 2021, the 2021 Plan was approved by the board of directors and by the shareholders on July 15, 2021. Stock options may be granted on such terms and conditions as the Compensation Committee may determine; provided, however, that the per share exercise price under a stock option may not be less than the fair market value of a share of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant and the term of the stock option may not exceed 10 years (110% of such value and five years in the case of an ISO granted to an employee who owns (or is deemed to own) more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of capital stock of the Company or a parent or subsidiary of the Company). ISOs may only be granted to employees. In addition, the aggregate fair market value of our Common Stock covered by one or more ISOs (determined at the time of grant) which are exercisable for the first time by an employee during any calendar year may not exceed $100,000. Any excess is treated as a NQSO. Stock Appreciation Rights An SAR entitles the participant, upon exercise, to receive an amount, in cash or stock or a combination thereof, equal to the increase in the fair market value of the underlying Common Stock between the date of grant and the date of exercise. SARs may be granted in tandem with, or independently of, stock options granted under the 2021 Plan. An SAR granted in tandem with a stock option (i) is exercisable only at such times, and to the extent, that the related stock option is exercisable in accordance with the procedure for exercise of the related stock option; (ii) terminates upon termination or exercise of the related stock option (likewise, the Common Stock option granted in tandem with a SAR terminates upon exercise of the SAR); (iii) is transferable only with the related stock option; and (iv) if the related stock option is an ISO, may be exercised only when the value of the stock subject to the stock option exceeds the exercise price of the stock option. An SAR that is not granted in tandem with a stock option is exercisable at such times as the Compensation Committee may specify. Performance Share and Performance Unit Awards Performance share and performance unit awards entitle the participant to receive cash or shares of our Common Stock upon the attainment of specified performance goals. In the case of performance units, the right to acquire the units is denominated in cash values. Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Unit Awards A restricted stock award is a grant or sale of Common Stock to the participant, subject to our right to repurchase all or part of the shares at their purchase price (or to require forfeiture of such shares if issued to the participant at no cost) in the event that conditions specified by the Compensation Committee in the award are not satisfied prior to the end of the time period during which the shares subject to the award may be repurchased by or forfeited to us. Our restricted stock unit entitles the participant to receive a cash payment equal to the fair market value of a share of Common Stock for each restricted stock unit subject to such restricted stock unit award, if the participant satisfies the applicable vesting requirement. Unrestricted Stock Awards An unrestricted stock award is a grant or sale of shares of our Common Stock to the participant that is not subject to transfer, forfeiture or other restrictions, in consideration for past services rendered to the Company or an affiliate or for other valid consideration. Amendment and Termination The Compensation Committee may adopt, amend and rescind rules relating to the administration of the 2021 Plan, and amend, suspend or terminate the 2021 Plan, but no such amendment, rescission, suspension or termination will be made that materially and adversely impairs the rights of any participant with respect to any award received thereby under the 2021 Plan without the participant’s consent, other than amendments that are necessary to permit the granting of awards in compliance with applicable laws. F-27 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Series B Convertible Preferred Stock The following summary of certain terms and provisions of our Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Convertible Preferred Stock”) is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the terms and provisions set forth in our certificate of designation of preferences, rights and limitations of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Convertible Preferred Certificate of Designation”) as previously filed. Subject to the limitations prescribed by our articles of incorporation, our board of directors is authorized to establish the number of shares constituting each series of preferred stock and to fix the designations, powers, preferences, and rights of the shares of each of those series and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions of each of those series, all without any further vote or action by our stockholders. Our board of directors designated 15,000 of the 10,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock with a stated value of $1,000 per share. The shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock were validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. Each share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock was convertible at any time at the holder’s option into a number of shares of common stock equal to $1,000 divided by the conversion price of $7.00 per share. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we could not effect any conversion of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, with certain exceptions, to the extent that, after giving effect to an attempted conversion, the holder of shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (together with such holder’s affiliates, and any persons acting as a group together with such holder or any of such holder’s affiliates) would beneficially own a number of shares of our common stock in excess of 4.99% (or, at the election of the purchaser, 9.99%) of the shares of our common stock then outstanding after giving effect to such conversion. The Series B Convertible Preferred Certificate of Designation does not prohibit the Company from waiving this limitation. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of Company, whether voluntary or involuntary (a “Liquidation”), the holders shall be entitled to participate on an as-converted-to-common stock basis (without giving effect to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) with holders of the common stock in any distribution of assets of the Company to the holders of the common stock. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, there are zero and zero shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. Series C Convertible Preferred Stock The Company’s Board of Directors designated 5,000 shares as the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series C Convertible Preferred Stock”). Each share of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated value of $1,000. The holders of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, the holders of the common stock and the holders of any other class or series of shares entitled to vote with the common stock shall vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Company. Each share of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock had 172 votes (subject to adjustment); provided that in no event may a holder of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock be entitled to vote a number of shares in excess of such holder’s Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined in the Certificate of Designation and as described below). Each share of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock was convertible, at any time and from time to time, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of common stock (subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) determined by dividing the stated value of such share ($1,000) by the conversion price, which is $5.50 (subject to adjustment). The Company shall not effect any conversion of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, and a holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion sought by the holder such holder (together with such holder’s Attribution Parties (as defined in the Certificate of Designation)) would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or upon election by a holder, 19.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). All holders of the Series C Preferred Stock elected the 19.99% Beneficial Ownership Limitation. On February 26, 2021, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain existing investors in the Company (the “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchasers purchased 4,500 shares of a newly authorized Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, and the Company received proceeds of $4,500,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. In January 2022, the 2,500 outstanding shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock were converted into 454,546 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, there were zero and zero shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Purchasers. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company filed with the SEC a registration statement covering the resale by the Purchasers of the shares of common stock into which the shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock were convertible. The Registration Rights Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. F-28 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Series D Convertible Preferred Stock On September 28, 2022, the Company amended its articles of incorporation to designate 4,000 shares as the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series D Convertible Preferred Stock”). Each share of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated value of $1,000. The holders of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, the holders of the common stock and the holders of any other class or series of shares entitled to vote with the common stock shall vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Company. Each share of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock has 333 votes (subject to standard anti-dilution adjustment); provided that in no event may a holder of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock be entitled to vote a number of shares in excess of such holder’s Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined in the Certificate of Designation and as described below). Each share of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible, at any time and from time to time, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of common stock (subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) determined by dividing the stated value of such share ($1,000) by the conversion price, which is $3.00 (subject to adjustment). The Company shall not effect any conversion of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, and a holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion sought by the holder such holder (together with such holder’s Attribution Parties (as defined in the Certificate of Designation)) would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or upon election by a holder, 19.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). All holders of the Series D Preferred Stock elected the 19.99% Beneficial Ownership Limitation. The Company shall reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, solely for the issuance upon the conversion of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, such a number of shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be issuable upon the conversion of all of the shares of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock then outstanding. Additionally, the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock does not have the right to dividends and in the event of an involuntary liquidation, the Series D shares shall be treated as a pro rata equivalent of common stock outstanding at the date of the liquidation event and have no liquidation preference. On September 30, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain existing investors in the Company (the “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchasers purchased 999 shares of the newly authorized Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, and the Company received proceeds of $999,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. On October 29, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with a certain existing investor in the Company (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser purchased 300 shares of the newly authorized Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, and the Company received proceeds of $300,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. In connection with such Purchase Agreements, the Company also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Purchasers. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company filed with the SEC a registration statement covering the resale by the Purchasers of the shares of common stock into which the shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock are convertible. The Registration Rights Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. On May 16, 2023 the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock was approved for conversion to common shares during the Company’s annual shareholder meeting. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, there were 1,299 and 1,299 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. Series E Convertible Preferred Stock The Company’s Board of Directors has designated 30,000 shares as the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series E Convertible Preferred Stock”). Each share of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated value of $1,000. The holders of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, the holders of the common stock and the holders of any other class or series of shares entitled to vote with the common stock shall vote as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Company. Each share of Series E Preferred Stock has 333 votes (subject to adjustment); provided that in no event may a holder of Series E Preferred Stock be entitled to vote a number of shares in excess of such holder’s Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Each share of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible, subject to shareholder approval (which has not yet been granted); at any time and from time to time, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of common stock (subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) determined by dividing the stated value of such share ($1,000) by the conversion price, which is $3.00 (subject to adjustment). The Company shall not effect any conversion of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, and the holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion sought by the holder such holder (together with such holder’s Attribution Parties (as defined in the Certificate of Designation)) would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or upon election by a holder, 19.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). All holders of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock elected the 19.99% Beneficial Ownership Limitation. F-29 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 The Company on March 27, 2023 entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an existing investor in the Company (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser purchased 4,000 shares of a newly authorized Series E Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $1,000 per share, and the Company received proceeds of $4,000,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. The existing investor’s Purchase Agreement also provides that the Company will not, with certain exceptions, sell or issue common stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) on or prior to December 31, 2023 that entitles any person to acquire shares of common stock at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock without the consent of the Purchaser. On November 9, 2023, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an existing investor in the Company (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser purchased 2,500 shares of authorized Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, at a price of $1,000 per share, and the Company received proceeds of $2,500,000. In connection with the November 2023 Series E Convertible Preferred Stock offering, the Company entered into an Exchange Agreement with the investor and issued an additional 5,000 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock at $1,000 per share with the $3.00 per common share common stock equivalent conversion price in exchange for 5,000 outstanding and issued shares of Series F Convertible Preferred Stock, which were convertible to common stock at $6.20 per common share. All shares of Series F Convertible Preferred Stock were held by a single shareholder. The November Purchase Agreement also provides that the Company will not, with certain exceptions, sell or issue common stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the November Purchase Agreement) on or prior to June 30, 2024 that entitles any person to acquire shares of common stock at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series E Preferred Stock without the consent of the Purchasers. The conversion price of the Series E Preferred Stock currently is $3.00 per share (subject to adjustment). The Purchasers under the November Purchase Agreement also were the holders of the Company's Series F Preferred Stock issued on August 1, 2023. The purchase agreement relating to the shares of Series F Preferred Stock required the consent of the holders in the event the Company were to issue common stock or rights to acquire common stock prior to December 31, 2023 at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series F Preferred Stock, which was $6.20 per share. As a result, on November 10, 2023 the Company and the holders of the Series F Preferred Stock entered into Exchange Agreements pursuant to which the holders of Series F Preferred Stock exchanged their 5,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock for an equal number of shares of Series E Preferred Stock. As a result of the November Purchase Agreement and the Exchange Agreements, the Company issued a total of 7,500 shares of Series E Preferred Stock and the 5,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock were cancelled. The existing investor’s Purchase Agreement also provides that the Company would not, with certain exceptions, sell or issue common stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) on or prior to December 31, 2023 that entitled any person to acquire shares of common stock at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock without the consent of the Purchaser. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, there were 11,500 and 0 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. Series F Convertible Preferred Stock On August 2, 2023, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an existing, accredited investor in the Company (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser purchased 5,000 shares of a newly authorized Series F Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series F Convertible Preferred Stock”), and the Company received proceeds of $5,000,000. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. The Company's Board of Directors designated 5,000 shares as the Series F Preferred Stock. Each share of Series F Preferred Stock is convertible, at any time and from time to time, at the option of the holder, into that number of shares of common stock (subject to the beneficial ownership limitation described below) determined by dividing the stated value of such share ($1,000) by the conversion price, which is $6.20 (subject to adjustment) which equates to 161 common shares for each converted Series F preferred share. The Company, however, shall not effect any conversion of the Series F Preferred Stock, and the holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of the Series F Preferred Stock, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion sought by the holder such holder (together with such holder’s Attribution Parties (as defined in the Certificate of Designation)) would beneficially own more than 4.99% (or upon election by a holder, 19.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion. The purchasers of the Series F Preferred Stock elected that their ownership limitation would be 19.99%. The holders of the Series F Preferred Stock, the holders of the common stock and the holders of any other class or series of shares entitled to vote with the common stock shall vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders of the Company. Each share of Series F Preferred Stock had 161 votes (subject to adjustment); provided that in no event may a holder of Series F Preferred Stock be entitled to vote a number of shares in excess of such holder’s ownership limitation. The Company also agreed that it would not, with certain exceptions, sell or issue common stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the Purchase Agreement relating to the Series F Preferred Stock) on or prior to December 31, 2023 that entitled any person to acquire shares of common stock at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series F Preferred Stock without the consent of the holders. As a result of that agreement, upon the issuance of 2,500 shares of Series E Preferred Stock (which have a conversion price of $3.00 per share) on November 10, 2023, the holders exchanged their 5,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock for 5,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock. All of the shares of Series F Preferred Stock thereupon were cancelled with 0 shares now outstanding. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, there were 0 and 0 shares of Series F Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. F-30 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Common stock issued 2023 Transactions On March 31, 2023, the Company issued 12,463 shares of common stock for payment of board fees to three directors for a value of $32,500 for services to the board which was expensed during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The value of the shares is based on the March 31, 2023 grant date quoted trading price of $2.61. On June 30, 2023, the Company issued 5,645 shares of common stock for payment of board fees to three directors for a value of $32,500 for services to the board which was expensed during the three months ended June 30, 2023. The value of the shares is based on the June 30, 2023 grant date quoted trading price of $5.76. On June 30, 2023, the Company issued 65,561 shares of common stock to employees participating in the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan at the end of a six-month offering period. The employee contributions totaled $117,048 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and represented a purchase price of $1.79 per share and stock-based compensation of $66,217 was recognized. The purchase price for one share of Common Stock under the ESPP is equal to 85% of the fair market value of one share of Common Stock on the first trading day of the offering period or the purchase date, whichever is lower. The Company issued 7,910 shares of common stock for payment of board fees to four directors for a value of $40,565 for services to the board which was expensed during the three months ended September 30, 2023. The value of the shares is based on the September 29, 2023 grant date quoted trading price of $5.13. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company had an accrued liability of $72,801 of employee contributions for the ESPP which may convert to shares of common stock upon the close of the offering period open from July 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. The Company issued 12,231 shares of common stock for payment of board fees to four directors for a value of $37,500 for services to the board which was expensed during the three months ended December 31, 2023. The value of the shares is based on the December 29, 2023 grant date quoted trading price of $3.06. On December 29, 2023, the Company issued 45,977 shares of common stock to employees participating in the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan at the end of a six- month offering period. The employee contributions totaled $113,352 for the six months ended December 29, 2023 and represented a purchase price of $2.47 per share and stock-based compensation of $70,434 was recognized. The purchase price for one share of Common Stock under the ESPP is equal to 85% of the fair market value of one share of Common Stock on the first trading day of the offering period or the purchase date, whichever is lower. 2022 Transactions On January 11, 2022, shareholders converted 710 and 1,790 for a total of 2,500 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock collectively with a stated value of $2.5 million owned by two entities related to each other with a conversion price of $5.50 per common share resulting in the issuance of 129,091 and 325,455 shares of the Company’s common stock. On February 3, 2022, the Company closed an offering of 1,325,000 shares of common stock in the amount of $5,300,000 or $4 per share before certain underwriting fees and offering expenses with net proceeds of $4,779,000. On February 21, 2022, the Company closed on an “over-allotment” offering of 198,750 shares of common stock in the amount of $795,000 or $4 per share before certain underwriting fees and offering expenses with net proceeds of $739,350. Both this and the previous issuance were “takedowns” from a previously filed “shelf” registration statement for the offer of up to $50,000,000 in the aggregate of common stock, Preferred Stock, Debt Securities, Warrants, Rights or Units from time to time in one or more offerings. On March 31, 2022, the Company issued 7,198 shares of common stock for payment of board fees to four directors in the amount of $40,000 at $5.56 per share for services to the board which was expensed during the three months ended March 31, 2022. On June 30, 2022, the Company issued 10,668 shares of common stock for payment of board fees to four directors in the amount of $40,000 at $3.75 per share for services to the board which was expensed during the three months ended June 30, 2022. On August 25, 2022, 121,572 common shares were issued upon conversion of 851 shares of Series B Preferred Stock. On September 30, 2022, the Company issued 9,758 shares of common stock for payment of board fees to four directors in the amount of $40,000, or $4.09 per share based on the daily trading price, for services to the board which was expensed during the three months ended September 30, 2022. On September 30, 2022, we sold to certain existing investors in the Company in a private placement 818,335 shares of common stock at a price of $3.00 a share and 999 shares of Series D Preferred Stock at a price of $1,000 a share, resulting in the gross amount raised of $3,454,003 and we accrued estimated offering costs of $260,816 as of September 30, 2022. Subsequently, we adjusted the estimated offering costs to the actual amount of $257,240. On October 29, 2022, we sold to an existing investor in the Company and two accredited investors in a private placement 83,667 shares of common stock at a price of $3.00 a share and 300 shares of Series D Preferred Stock at a price of $1,000 a share, resulting in the gross amount raised of $551,001, including gross proceeds of $251,001 for common stock and $300,000 for Series D Preferred Stock, and recorded offering costs of $105,460. On December 30, 2022, the Company issued 16,335 shares of common stock for payment of board fees to four directors in the amount of $37,500 at $2.30 per share for services to the board which was expensed during the three months ended December 31, 2022. F-31 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Employee Stock Purchase Plan In the fourth quarter of 2022, the board of directors adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) which, was effective as of January 1, 2023 with a term of 10 years. The ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a discounted price, through payroll deductions from a minimum of 1% and up to 25% of their eligible compensation up to a maximum of $25,000 or the IRS allowable limit per calendar year. The Company’s Chief Financial Officer administers the ESPP in conjunction with approvals from the Company’s Compensation Committee, including with respect to the frequency and duration of offering periods, the maximum number of shares that an eligible employee may purchase during an offering period, and, subject to certain limitations set forth in the ESPP, the per-share purchase price. Currently, the maximum number of shares that can be purchased by an eligible employee under the ESPP is 10,000 shares per offering period and there are two six-month offering periods that begin in the first and third quarters of each fiscal year. The purchase price for one share of Common Stock under the ESPP is currently equal to 85% of the fair market value of one share of Common Stock on the first trading day of the offering period or the purchase date, whichever is lower (look-back feature). Although not required by the ESPP, all payroll deductions received or held by the Company under the ESPP are segregated and deemed as “restricted cash” until the completion of the offering period and redemption of the applicable shares and those withheld amounts are recorded as liabilities. The maximum aggregate number of shares of the Common Stock that may be issued under the ESPP is 1,000,000 shares. Under ASC 718-50 “Employee Share Purchase Plans” the plan is considered a compensatory plan and the compensation for each six-month offering period is computed based upon the grant date fair value of the estimated shares to be purchased based on the estimated payroll deduction withholdings. The grant date fair value was computed as the sum of (a) 15% purchase discount off of the grant date quoted trading price of the Company’s common stock and (b) the fair value of the look-back feature of the Company’s common stock on the grant date which consists of a call option on 85% of a share of common stock and a put option on 15% of a share of common stock. In the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company issued 111,538 shares of common stock related to two transactions. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the employee contributions for the first ESPP tranche totaled $117,048 and represented a purchase price of $1.79 per share for 65,561 shares. For the six-month period beginning July 1, 2023 and ending December 31, 2023 the employee contributions for the second ESPP tranche totaled $113,352 and represented a purchase price of $2.47 per share for 45,977 shares. Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation expense recognized under ASC 718-10 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, was $573,441 and $819,191, respectively, for stock options granted to employees and directors. This expense is included in selling general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the periods is based on the grant date fair value of the portion of share-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest during the period. At December 31, 2023, the total compensation cost for stock options that was not yet recognized was $580,572. This cost will be recognized over the remaining vesting term of the options ranging from 12 months to 2.0 years. Treasury Stock In August 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a new class of Preferred Stock, “Series A”. For shareholders who invested in previous private placements, the Company was offering on a case-by-case basis, the ability to convert the existing amount invested into an equivalent amount in the Series A on the condition that they invest an equivalent additional amount in the Series A. In December of 2017, the Company redeemed all of the Series A and continues to hold 235 shares purchased for $148,000 as a part of the original transaction. In December 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with two shareholders to purchase shares from them at fair market value. The Company purchased 84 shares at $7.00 per shares and 140 shares at $6.30 per share. In 2019, the Company entered into an agreement with two shareholders to purchase shares from them at fair market value. The Company purchased 115 shares at $10.08 per share and 753 shares at $9.09 per share. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the Company held 1,324 shares of Common at an aggregate value of $157,452. NOTE 13 – COMMON STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS Options 2023 During the second quarter of 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors granted 293,117 new stock options and in the fourth quarter granted a further 170,000 new stock options both with a strike price of $4.22 per share to 19 key employees and one contract employee. These options were awarded as a one-time award as a retention incentive and have a fair value of approximately $556,000 for the April 1, 2023 awards and approximately $172,000 for the December 1, 2023 award and carry a three-year vesting period. The issuance of these options generated stock option compensation expense in the year in the amount of $269,611 and a balance of unamortized stock option compensation expense of $458,389, that is being expensed over the following 2.0 years. During the first quarter of 2023, two former staff members forfeited 1,608 non-qualified stock options as the options expired. 2022 During the first quarter of 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors granted 665,000 new stock options and in the third quarter granted a further 20,000 new stock options both with a strike price of $6.41 per share to 16 key employees. These options were awarded as a one-time award as a retention incentive and have a fair value of $1,596,804 for the January 1, 2022 awards and $33,096 for the July 1, 2022 award and carry a three-year vesting period. The issuance of these options generated stock option compensation expense in the year in the amount of $819,191 and a balance of unamortized stock option compensation expense of $458,389, that is being expensed over the following 2.0 years. During the second quarter of 2022, three former staff members forfeited 110,000 non-qualified stock options. Additionally, during the third quarter of 2022, two employees forfeited 80,000 non-qualified stock options. F-32 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 During the third quarter of 2021, the shareholders approved the issuance of up to one million shares or share equivalents in the form of stock options for the purposes of share issuance for compensation to Board Members and grants to certain staff members for recruiting and retention. On August 5, 2021, the Company filed an S-8 registration statement in concert with the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan. The plan covers a period of ten years. Outstanding at December 31, 2021 Granted Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2022 Exercisable at December 31, 2022 Outstanding at December 31, 2022 Granted Exercised/Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2023 Exercisable at December 31, 2023 Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value 4.98 6.41 6.41 5.74 5.02 5.74 4.22 14.00 5.23 5.38 3.4 $ 4.0 — 3.3 3.3 3.3 4.35 — 3.0 $ 1.8 197,506 — — — — — — — — — Shares 431,266 $ 685,000 $ (190,000) $ 926,266 $ 404,599 $ 926,266 $ 463,117 $ (1,608) $ 1,387,775 $ 581,324 $ The fair value of the incentive stock option grants for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were estimated using the following weighted- average assumptions: Risk free interest rate Expected term in years Dividend yield Volatility of common stock Weighted average grant date fair value per option Warrants 2023 For the Years Ended December 31, 2023 3.73% 3.50 — 54% –118% $1.57 2022 0.97% – 3.15% 3.25 – 3.50 — 72% – 80% $2.33 During the first and fourth quarters of 2023, warrants held by 48 holders representing 102,947 shares expired. All of the expired warrants can no longer be exercised. 2022 During the fourth quarter of 2022, warrants held by 63 holders representing 1,228,875 shares expired. All of the expired warrants can no longer be exercised. F-33 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 Outstanding at December 31, 2021 Warrants expired, forfeited, cancelled or exercised Warrants issued Outstanding at December 31, 2022 Exercisable at December 31, 2022 Outstanding at December 31, 2022 Warrants expired, forfeited, cancelled or exercised Warrants issued Outstanding at December 31, 2023 Exercisable at December 31, 2023 NOTE 14 – DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLAN Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value 8.18 — — 8.63 8.63 8.63 — — 7.70 7.70 1.9 — — 0.98 0.8 0.8 — — 0.7 0.7 — — — — — — — — — — Number of Warrants 1,376,466 $ (1,228,875) $ — $ 80,091 $ 80,091 $ 80,091 $ (102,947) $ — $ 44,644 $ 44,644 $ The Company has a 401(k)-retirement savings plan (the “401(k) Plan”) covering all eligible employees. The 401(k) Plan allows employees to defer a portion of their annual compensation, and the Company may match a portion of the employees’ contributions generally after the first six months of service. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company matched 100% of the first 4% of eligible employee compensation that was contributed to the 401(k) Plan. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized expense for matching cash contributions to the 401(k) Plan totaling $216,332. NOTE 15 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS There were no related party transactions for the periods reflected in this report. NOTE 16 – SALE OF ASSETS On June 29, 2023, the Company completed a transaction whereby it sold assets related to its Integrated Correctional Automation System (iCAS) business with a single customer. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company elected to not renew a support contract due to the limited nature of the business. The transaction was completed with a third-party buyer of which the Company’s former Chief Financial Officer is a director. Said former officer did not participate in the transaction on behalf of the Company. The assets of the iCAS business were sold for a convertible promissory note with a principal amount of $165,000 with a 10% original issue discount as well as common stock purchase warrants. The note matures in 2 years from the date of sale and is convertible immediately through the later of the maturity date or payment by the borrower of the default amount, as defined in the note, into shares of the buyer’s common stock at a conversion price of $0.003 or 55,000,000 shares. The conversion of the note carries restrictions which include limiting conversion to the extent it would exceed 4.99% of the common stock outstanding of the buyer. The convertible promissory note is subject to standard anti-dilution provisions. The common stock purchase warrants are for a total of 55,000,000 common shares of the buyer at an exercise price of $0.01 per share. The warrants are subject to standard anti-dilution provisions. The warrants are not exercisable until on or after six months from the issuance date and no later than on or before the third anniversary of the issuance date. The Company may exercise the warrants at any time after the six-month anniversary of the issuance date on a cashless basis if there is no effective registration statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares at prevailing market prices by the holder. The exercise of these warrants is subject to beneficial ownership limits of 4.99% which may be increased by the holder up to 9.99% as defined in the warrant . Given that the shares carried no intrinsic value at the time of the transaction and that the overall fair value is de minimis, the Company has not recorded the warrants associated with the transaction. The Company recognized a gain on sale of assets of $150,000, which is included in other income. The original issue discount is being accrued into interest income over the term of the note. F-34 DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022 The note receivable was recorded as follows on September 30, 2023: Convertible note receivable Unamortized discount Convertible note receivable, net NOTE 17 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS December 31, 2023 165,000 (11,250) 153,750 $ $ On March 22, 2024, the Company conducted a private placement offering, selling a combined total of 620 Series D Convertible Preferred Stock and 2,125 Series E Convertible Preferred Stock to both existing and new accredited investors. The offering price for both Series D and Series E was at $1,000 per share with a common equivalent of $3.00 for both classes of shares. The private placement brought in gross proceeds of $2,745,000 to the Company. The Series D Convertible Preferred Stock has already been approved for common stock conversion during the Company's 2023 annual shareholders meeting. The Series E Preferred Stock is subject to shareholder approval for conversion to common stock. As such, the securities purchase agreement for Series E Convertible Preferred Stock carries standard anti-dilution provisions which remain in effect until December 31, 2024. In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Purchasers. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company shall file with the SEC a registration statement covering the resale by the Purchasers of the shares of common stock into which the shares of Series D and Series E Preferred Stock are convertible. Subject to certain conditions, the Company must cause the registration statement to be declared effective by 90 days after closing (or in the event of a full review by the SEC, by 120 days). The Registration Rights Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, agreements and indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. Under the Purchase Agreement, the Company is required to hold a meeting of shareholders at the earliest practical date, but in no event later than 120 days after closing (or 150 days in the event of a review of the proxy statement by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”)). As described below, the terms of the Series E Preferred Stock limit its convertibility until the Company receives shareholder approval (the “Stockholder Approval”). If the Company does not obtain the Stockholder Approval at the first meeting, it is required to hold shareholder meetings every four months until the Stockholder Approval is obtained. The Purchase Agreement for Series E Preferred Stock also provides that the Company will not, with certain exceptions, sell or issue common stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) on or prior to December 31, 2024 that entitles any person to acquire shares of common stock at an effective price per share less than the then conversion price of the Series E Preferred Stock without the consent of the Purchaser. The Registration Rights Agreement contains provisions for liquidated damages equal to 1% multiplied by the aggregate subscription amount paid, paid each month, in the event certain deadlines are missed. F-35  Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Exhibit 23.1 We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Forms S-1 (SEC File # 333-268638, 333-273272 and 333-276327) and Forms S-8 (SEC File # 333-258525, 333-257897 and 333-273265) of Duos Technologies Group, Inc. of our report dated April 1, 2024 on the consolidated financial statements of Duos Technologies Group, Inc., as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and for the each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2023. /s/ Salberg & Company, P.A. SALBERG & COMPANY, P.A. Boca Raton, Florida April 1, 2024 CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 31.1 I, Charles P. Ferry, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Duos Technologies Group, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a) b) c) d) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly for the period in which this annual report is being prepared; designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function): a) b) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. Date: April 1, 2024 By: /s/ Charles P. Ferry Charles P. Ferry Chief Executive Officer Exhibit 31.2 CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 I, Andrew W. Murphy, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Duos Technologies Group, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a) b) c) d) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly for the period in which this annual report is being prepared; designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function): a) b) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. Date: April 1, 2024 By: /s/ Andrew W. Murphy Andrew W. Murphy Chief Financial Officer CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 EXHIBIT 32.1 In connection with this Annual Report of Duos Technologies Group, Inc. (the “Company”), on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, I, Charles P. Ferry, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify to the best of my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Sec. 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: (1) Such Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: April 1, 2024 By:/s/ Charles P. Ferry Charles P. Ferry Chief Executive Officer CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 EXHIBIT 32.2 In connection with this Annual Report of Duos Technologies Group, Inc. (the “Company”), on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, I, Andrew W. Murphy, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify to the best of my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Sec. 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: (1) Such Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: April 1, 2024 By:/s/ Andrew W. Murphy Andrew W. Murphy Chief Financial Officer Exhibit 97 _____________________________________________ DUOS TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC. POLICY FOR THE RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION ______________________________________________ A. OVERVIEW In accordance with the applicable rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market (the “Nasdaq Rules”), and Section 10D and Rule 10D-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (“Rule 10D-1”), the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Duos Technologies Group, Inc. (the “Company”) has adopted this Policy (the “Policy”) to provide for the recovery of erroneously awarded Incentive- based Compensation from Executive Officers. All capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in Section H, below. B. RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION (1) In the event of an Accounting Restatement, the Company will reasonably promptly recover the Erroneously Awarded Compensation Received in accordance with the Nasdaq Rules and Rule 10D-1 as follows: (i) After an Accounting Restatement, the Compensation Committee (if composed entirely of independent directors, or in the absence of such a committee, a majority of independent directors serving on the Board) (the “Committee”) shall determine the amount of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation Received by each Executive Officer and shall promptly notify each Executive Officer with a written notice containing the amount of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation and a demand for repayment or return of such compensation, as applicable. a. For Incentive-based Compensation based on (or derived from) the Company’s stock price or total shareholder return, where the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the information in the applicable Accounting Restatement: i. The amount to be repaid or returned shall be determined by the Committee based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Accounting Restatement on the Company’s stock price or total shareholder return upon which the Incentive-based Compensation was Received; and 1 ii. The Company shall maintain documentation of the determination of such reasonable estimate and provide the relevant documentation as required to Nasdaq. (ii) (iii) (iv) The Committee shall have discretion to determine the appropriate means of recovering Erroneously Awarded Compensation based on the particular facts and circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as set forth in Section B(2) below, in no event may the Company accept an amount that is less than the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation in satisfaction of an Executive Officer’s obligations hereunder. To the extent that the Executive Officer has already reimbursed the Company for any Erroneously Awarded Compensation Received under any duplicative recovery obligations established by the Company or applicable law, it shall be appropriate for any such reimbursed amount to be credited to the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation that is subject to recovery under this Policy. To the extent that an Executive Officer fails to repay all Erroneously Awarded Compensation to the Company when due, the Company shall take all actions reasonable and appropriate to recover such Erroneously Awarded Compensation from the applicable Executive Officer. The applicable Executive Officer shall be required to reimburse the Company for any and all expenses reasonably incurred (including legal fees) by the Company in recovering such Erroneously Awarded Compensation in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence. (2) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to take the actions contemplated by Section B(1) above if the Committee (which, as specified above, is composed entirely of independent directors or in the absence of such a committee, a majority of the independent directors serving on the Board) determines that recovery would be impracticable and any of the following two conditions are met: (i) (ii) The Committee has determined that the direct expenses paid to a third party to assist in enforcing the Policy would exceed the amount to be recovered. Before making this determination, the Company must make a reasonable attempt to recover the Erroneously Awarded Compensation, documented such attempt(s) and provided such documentation to Nasdaq; or Recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to employees of the Company, to fail to meet the requirements of Section 401(a)(13) or Section 411(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and regulations thereunder. 2 C. DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS The Company shall file all disclosures with respect to this Policy required by applicable U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings and rules. D. PROHIBITION OF INDEMNIFICATION The Company shall not be permitted to insure or indemnify any Executive Officer against (i) the loss of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation that is repaid, returned or recovered pursuant to the terms of this Policy, or (ii) any claims relating to the Company’s enforcement of its rights under this Policy. Further, the Company shall not enter into any agreement that exempts any Incentive-based Compensation that is granted, paid or awarded to an Executive Officer from the application of this Policy or that waives the Company’s right to recovery of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation, and this Policy shall supersede any such agreement (whether entered into before, on or after the Effective Date of this Policy). E. ADMINISTRATION AND INTERPRETATION This Policy shall be administered by the Committee, and any determinations made by the Committee shall be final and binding on all affected individuals. The Committee is authorized to interpret and construe this Policy and to make all determinations necessary, appropriate, or advisable for the administration of this Policy and for the Company’s compliance with Nasdaq Rules, Section 10D, Rule 10D-1 and any other applicable law, regulation, rule or interpretation of the SEC or Nasdaq promulgated or issued in connection therewith. F. AMENDMENT; TERMINATION The Committee may amend this Policy from time to time in its discretion and shall amend this Policy as it deems necessary. Notwithstanding anything in this Section F to the contrary, no amendment or termination of this Policy shall be effective if such amendment or termination would (after taking into account any actions taken by the Company contemporaneously with such amendment or termination) cause the Company to violate any federal securities laws, SEC rule or Nasdaq rule. G. OTHER RECOVERY RIGHTS This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Executive Officers and, to the extent required by applicable law or guidance from the SEC or Nasdaq, their beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives. The Committee intends that this Policy will be applied to the fullest extent required by applicable law. Any employment agreement, equity award agreement, compensatory plan or any other agreement or arrangement with an Executive Officer shall be deemed to include, as a condition to the grant of any benefit thereunder, an agreement by the Executive Officer to abide by the terms of this Policy. Any right of recovery under this Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights of recovery that may be available to the Company under applicable law, regulation or rule or pursuant to the terms of any policy of the Company or any provision in any employment agreement, equity award agreement, compensatory plan, agreement or other arrangement. 3 H. DEFINITIONS For purposes of this Policy, the following capitalized terms shall have the meanings set forth below. (1) “Accounting Restatement” means an accounting restatement due to the material noncompliance of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, including any required accounting restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements (a “Big R” restatement), or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period (a “little r” restatement). (2) “Clawback Eligible Incentive Compensation” means all Incentive-based Compensation Received by an Executive Officer (i) on or after the effective date of the applicable Nasdaq rules, (ii) after beginning service as an Executive Officer, (iii) who served as an Executive Officer at any time during the applicable performance period relating to any Incentive-based Compensation (whether or not such Executive Officer is serving at the time the Erroneously Awarded Compensation is required to be repaid to the Company), (iv) while the Company has a class of securities listed on a national securities exchange or a national securities association, and (v) during the applicable Clawback Period (as defined below). (3) “Clawback Period” means, with respect to any Accounting Restatement, the three completed fiscal years of the Company immediately preceding the Restatement Date (as defined below), and if the Company changes its fiscal year, any transition period of less than nine months within or immediately following those three completed fiscal years. (4) “Erroneously Awarded Compensation” means, with respect to each Executive Officer in connection with an Accounting Restatement, the amount of Clawback Eligible Incentive Compensation that exceeds the amount of Incentive-based Compensation that otherwise would have been Received had it been determined based on the restated amounts, computed without regard to any taxes paid. (5) “Executive Officer” means each individual who is currently or was previously designated as an “officer” of the Company as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act. For the avoidance of doubt, the identification of an executive officer for purposes of this Policy shall include each executive officer who is or was identified pursuant to Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K, as well as the principal financial officer and principal accounting officer (or, if there is no principal accounting officer, the controller). (6) “Financial Reporting Measures” means measures that are determined and presented in accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, and all other measures that are derived wholly or in part from such measures. Stock price and total shareholder return (and any measures that are derived wholly or in part from stock price or total shareholder return) shall, for purposes of this Policy, be considered Financial Reporting Measures. For the avoidance of doubt, a Financial Reporting Measure need not be presented in the Company’s financial statements or included in a filing with the SEC. 4 (7) “Incentive-based Compensation” means any compensation that is granted, earned or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure. (8) “Nasdaq” means The Nasdaq Stock Market. (9) “Received” means, with respect to any Incentive-based Compensation, actual or deemed receipt, and Incentive-based Compensation shall be deemed received in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive- based Compensation award is attained, even if the payment or grant of the Incentive-based Compensation to the Executive Officer occurs after the end of that period. (10) “Restatement Date” means the earlier to occur of (i) the date the Board, a committee of the Board or the officers of the Company authorized to take such action if Board action is not required, concludes, or reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement, or (ii) the date a court, regulator or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare an Accounting Restatement. Effective as of December 1, 2023. 5 ATTESTATION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF POLICY FOR THE RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION Exhibit A By my signature below, I acknowledge and agree that: · · I have received and read the attached Policy for the Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation (this “Policy”). I hereby agree to abide by all of the terms of this Policy both during and after my employment with the Company, including, without limitation, by promptly repaying or returning any Erroneously Awarded Compensation to the Company as determined in accordance with this Policy. Signature: _________________________________ Printed Name: _____________________________ Date: _____________________________________ 

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