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eGain Corporation

egan · NASDAQ Technology
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FY2017 Annual Report · eGain Corporation
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Dear(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)stockholder,(cid:3)

(cid:3)

I(cid:3)am(cid:3)delighted(cid:3)to(cid:3)tell(cid:3)you(cid:3)that(cid:3)we(cid:3)have(cid:3)successfully(cid:3)completed(cid:3)our(cid:3)transition(cid:3)to(cid:3)a(cid:3)SaaS(cid:3)business(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)

fourth(cid:3)quarter(cid:3)of(cid:3)fiscal(cid:3)2017.(cid:3)To(cid:3)put(cid:3)our(cid:3)transition(cid:3)into(cid:3)perspective,(cid:3)our(cid:3)legacy(cid:3)license(cid:3)revenue(cid:3)went(cid:3)from(cid:3)

$14.5(cid:3)million(cid:3)in(cid:3)fiscal(cid:3)2016(cid:3)to(cid:3)$4.6(cid:3)million(cid:3)in(cid:3)fiscal(cid:3)2017.(cid:3)We(cid:3)expect(cid:3)less(cid:3)than(cid:3)$1.0(cid:3)million(cid:3)of(cid:3)legacy(cid:3)license(cid:3)

revenue(cid:3)in(cid:3)fiscal(cid:3)2018.(cid:3)

(cid:3)

We(cid:3)are(cid:3)singularly(cid:3)focused(cid:3)on(cid:3)SaaS(cid:3)growth,(cid:3)guiding(cid:3)our(cid:3)legacy(cid:3)license(cid:3)clients(cid:3)to(cid:3)a(cid:3)better(cid:3)innovation(cid:3)

consumption(cid:3)model(cid:3)in(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)Cloud.(cid:3)We(cid:3)exited(cid:3)this(cid:3)fiscal(cid:3)year(cid:3)with(cid:3)sequential(cid:3)fourth(cid:3)quarter(cid:3)SaaS(cid:3)revenue(cid:3)

growth,(cid:3)more(cid:3)operating(cid:3)cash(cid:3)flow,(cid:3)and(cid:3)an(cid:3)improving(cid:3)bottom(cid:3)line.(cid:3)Specifically,(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)fiscal(cid:3)fourth(cid:3)quarter:(cid:3)

(cid:3)

(cid:120) Our(cid:3)SaaS(cid:3)revenue(cid:3)was(cid:3)up(cid:3)33%(cid:3)sequentially(cid:3)over(cid:3)the(cid:3)third(cid:3)quarter(cid:3)

(cid:120) We(cid:3)generated(cid:3)$3.9(cid:3)million(cid:3)in(cid:3)operating(cid:3)cash(cid:3)flow(cid:3)in(cid:3)this(cid:3)quarter,(cid:3)up(cid:3)39%(cid:3)over(cid:3)third(cid:3)quarter(cid:3)

(cid:120) We(cid:3)improved(cid:3)our(cid:3)non(cid:882)GAAP(cid:3)operating(cid:3)income(cid:3)to(cid:3)$250,000,(cid:3)compared(cid:3)to(cid:3)a(cid:3)loss(cid:3)of(cid:3)$1.2(cid:3)million(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)

third(cid:3)quarter(cid:3)

(cid:3)

Looking(cid:3)back,(cid:3)I(cid:3)am(cid:3)proud(cid:3)of(cid:3)our(cid:3)team(cid:3)and(cid:3)the(cid:3)way(cid:3)we(cid:3)executed(cid:3)this(cid:3)transition(cid:3)while(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)public(cid:3)eye.(cid:3)In(cid:3)

addition(cid:3)to(cid:3)working(cid:3)through(cid:3)the(cid:3)inherent(cid:3)challenges(cid:3)of(cid:3)moving(cid:3)to(cid:3)a(cid:3)SaaS(cid:3)model,(cid:3)the(cid:3)team(cid:3)moved(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)

forward(cid:3)by(cid:3)driving(cid:3)customer(cid:3)success,(cid:3)accelerating(cid:3)product(cid:3)innovation,(cid:3)and(cid:3)generating(cid:3)operating(cid:3)cash.(cid:3)

Indeed,(cid:3)we(cid:3)lived(cid:3)dangerously(cid:3)through(cid:3)this(cid:3)transition.(cid:3)As(cid:3)far(cid:3)as(cid:3)I(cid:3)know,(cid:3)we(cid:3)are(cid:3)the(cid:3)only(cid:3)public(cid:3)company(cid:3)of(cid:3)

our(cid:3)scale(cid:3)to(cid:3)have(cid:3)successfully(cid:3)completed(cid:3)such(cid:3)a(cid:3)model(cid:3)transition(cid:3)without(cid:3)requiring(cid:3)equity(cid:3)infusion.(cid:3)I(cid:3)trust(cid:3)

this(cid:3)is(cid:3)welcome(cid:3)news(cid:3)to(cid:3)you,(cid:3)my(cid:3)fellow(cid:3)stockholders.(cid:3)The(cid:3)public(cid:3)markets(cid:3)seem(cid:3)to(cid:3)be(cid:3)pleased(cid:3)that(cid:3)our(cid:3)multi(cid:882)

year(cid:3)transition(cid:3)is(cid:3)behind(cid:3)us.(cid:3)

(cid:3)

We(cid:3)continue(cid:3)to(cid:3)acquire(cid:3)new(cid:3)clients(cid:3)looking(cid:3)to(cid:3)digitally(cid:3)transform(cid:3)their(cid:3)customer(cid:3)engagement(cid:3)capability.(cid:3)

In(cid:3)North(cid:3)America,(cid:3)we(cid:3)saw(cid:3)good(cid:3)new(cid:3)logo(cid:3)wins(cid:3)in(cid:3)healthcare(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)fiscal(cid:3)year.(cid:3)Our(cid:3)customer(cid:3)success(cid:3)team,(cid:3)

which(cid:3)was(cid:3)launched(cid:3)last(cid:3)year(cid:3)as(cid:3)part(cid:3)of(cid:3)our(cid:3)“land(cid:3)and(cid:3)expand”(cid:3)strategy,(cid:3)is(cid:3)now(cid:3)systematically(cid:3)engaging(cid:3)

clients(cid:3)to(cid:3)help(cid:3)them(cid:3)consume(cid:3)innovation(cid:3)better(cid:3)in(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)Cloud.(cid:3)For(cid:3)example,(cid:3)a(cid:3)large(cid:3)banking(cid:3)client,(cid:3)who(cid:3)

initially(cid:3)implemented(cid:3)our(cid:3)product(cid:3)on(cid:3)premise,(cid:3)moved(cid:3)to(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)Cloud(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)fourth(cid:3)quarter(cid:3)and,(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)

process,(cid:3)added(cid:3)significant(cid:3)new(cid:3)capabilities(cid:3)from(cid:3)the(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)suite(cid:3)to(cid:3)accelerate(cid:3)its(cid:3)digital(cid:3)transformation(cid:3)

program.(cid:3)Overall,(cid:3)our(cid:3)focus(cid:3)on(cid:3)customer(cid:3)success(cid:3)is(cid:3)showing(cid:3)measurable(cid:3)results(cid:3)in(cid:3)improved(cid:3)customer(cid:3)

satisfaction,(cid:3)better(cid:3)retention,(cid:3)and(cid:3)new(cid:3)expansion(cid:3)opportunities.(cid:3)

(cid:3)

(cid:3)

Our(cid:3)latest(cid:3)product(cid:3)version,(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)Solve(cid:3)17,(cid:3)is being(cid:3)received(cid:3)well.(cid:3)Current(cid:3)clients,(cid:3)prospects,(cid:3)and(cid:3)partners(cid:3)

are(cid:3)all(cid:3)excited(cid:3)about(cid:3)our(cid:3)new(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)Advisor(cid:3)Desktop—a(cid:3)reimagined(cid:3)omnichannel(cid:3)workspace(cid:3)for(cid:3)the(cid:3)

customer(cid:3)engagement(cid:3)associate.(cid:3)This(cid:3)desktop(cid:3)is(cid:3)digital(cid:882)first,(cid:3)knowledge(cid:882)infused,(cid:3)and(cid:3)AI(cid:882)powered.(cid:3)As(cid:3)you(cid:3)

can(cid:3)imagine,(cid:3)our(cid:3)“clean(cid:882)slate”(cid:3)approach(cid:3)is(cid:3)radically(cid:3)different(cid:3)from(cid:3)what(cid:3)has(cid:3)been(cid:3)a(cid:3)conventional(cid:3)phone(cid:882)

centric(cid:3)desktop(cid:3)design(cid:3)for(cid:3)the(cid:3)last(cid:3)25(cid:3)years,(cid:3)starting(cid:3)with(cid:3)the(cid:3)first(cid:3)generation(cid:3)of(cid:3)agent(cid:3)desktop(cid:3)providers(cid:3)

like(cid:3)Scopus,(cid:3)Vantive,(cid:3)and(cid:3)Clarify.(cid:3)In(cid:3)the(cid:3)eGain(cid:3)desktop,(cid:3)digital,(cid:3)mobile,(cid:3)and(cid:3)social(cid:3)interactions(cid:3)are(cid:3)primary,(cid:3)

voice(cid:3)is(cid:3)a(cid:3)component(cid:3)of(cid:3)digital,(cid:3)and(cid:3)omnichannel(cid:3)experiences(cid:3)are(cid:3)optimized(cid:3)out(cid:3)of(cid:3)the(cid:3)box.(cid:3)Our(cid:3)advisor(cid:3)

desktop(cid:3)is(cid:3)built(cid:3)for(cid:3)the(cid:3)millennial(cid:3)associate(cid:3)who(cid:3)grew(cid:3)up(cid:3)texting(cid:3)more(cid:3)than(cid:3)talking.(cid:3)We(cid:3)think(cid:3)our(cid:3)suite(cid:3)helps(cid:3)

clients(cid:3)solve(cid:3)customer(cid:3)problems—easily(cid:3)and(cid:3)quickly—with(cid:3)invisible(cid:3)technology(cid:3)and(cid:3)memorable(cid:3)design.(cid:3)

(cid:3)

With(cid:3)our(cid:3)new(cid:3)product(cid:3)version,(cid:3)we(cid:3)successfully(cid:3)debuted(cid:3)in(cid:3)Gartner’s(cid:3)CRM(cid:3)Customer(cid:3)Engagement(cid:3)Magic(cid:3)

Quadrant(cid:3)(MQ)(cid:3)this(cid:3)year.(cid:3)In(cid:3)the(cid:3)past,(cid:3)as(cid:3)you(cid:3)may(cid:3)recall,(cid:3)we(cid:3)were(cid:3)the(cid:3)leader(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)Web(cid:3)Customer(cid:3)Service(cid:3)

MQ(cid:3)for(cid:3)five(cid:3)straight(cid:3)years(cid:3)(until(cid:3)2013(cid:3)when(cid:3)Gartner(cid:3)stopped(cid:3)that(cid:3)MQ).(cid:3)This(cid:3)new(cid:3)MQ(cid:3)recognition(cid:3)from(cid:3)

Gartner(cid:3)positions(cid:3)us(cid:3)nicely(cid:3)in(cid:3)the(cid:3)much(cid:3)larger(cid:3)market(cid:3)of(cid:3)agent(cid:3)desktops,(cid:3)where(cid:3)we(cid:3)are(cid:3)especially(cid:3)attractive(cid:3)

to(cid:3)early(cid:3)B2C(cid:3)adopters—those(cid:3)aggressively(cid:3)driving(cid:3)digital(cid:882)first(cid:3)strategies(cid:3)to(cid:3)transform(cid:3)service(cid:3)and(cid:3)sales.(cid:3)

(cid:3)

Turning(cid:3)to(cid:3)the(cid:3)team,(cid:3)we(cid:3)announced(cid:3)last(cid:3)month(cid:3)that(cid:3)Todd(cid:3)Woodstra(cid:3)is(cid:3)our(cid:3)new(cid:3)head(cid:3)of(cid:3)Global(cid:3)Sales.(cid:3)Todd(cid:3)

is(cid:3)a(cid:3)talented(cid:3)sales(cid:3)leader(cid:3)with(cid:3)a(cid:3)distinguished(cid:3)track(cid:3)record,(cid:3)notably(cid:3)at(cid:3)Nuance(cid:3)where(cid:3)he(cid:3)led(cid:3)worldwide(cid:3)

channels(cid:3)and(cid:3)alliances.(cid:3)At(cid:3)eGain,(cid:3)Todd(cid:3)will(cid:3)drive(cid:3)all(cid:3)direct(cid:3)and(cid:3)channel(cid:3)sales,(cid:3)develop(cid:3)new(cid:3)routes(cid:3)to(cid:3)market,(cid:3)

optimize(cid:3)sales(cid:3)operations,(cid:3)and(cid:3)drive(cid:3)accountable(cid:3)execution.(cid:3)I(cid:3)am(cid:3)very(cid:3)excited(cid:3)to(cid:3)have(cid:3)him(cid:3)on(cid:3)board.(cid:3)

(cid:3)

Our(cid:3)road(cid:3)ahead(cid:3)is(cid:3)exciting(cid:3)and(cid:3)simple.(cid:3)We(cid:3)will(cid:3)continue(cid:3)to(cid:3)delight(cid:3)our(cid:3)customers(cid:3)with(cid:3)rapid(cid:3)innovation(cid:3)and(cid:3)

best(cid:3)value.(cid:3)If(cid:3)you(cid:3)or(cid:3)somebody(cid:3)you(cid:3)know(cid:3)needs(cid:3)digital(cid:3)customer(cid:3)engagement(cid:3)solutions,(cid:3)please(cid:3)visit(cid:3)our(cid:3)

website(cid:3)at(cid:3)www.egain.com(cid:3)or(cid:3)send(cid:3)me(cid:3)an(cid:3)email(cid:3)at(cid:3)ashu@egain.com.(cid:3)We(cid:3)will(cid:3)be(cid:3)thrilled(cid:3)to(cid:3)serve(cid:3)you.(cid:3)

(cid:3)

Sincerely,(cid:3)

Ashu(cid:3)Roy(cid:3)

CEO(cid:3)

(cid:3)

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION  
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549  

FORM 10-K  

(Mark One)  

(cid:95)  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  
For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2017  
or  

(cid:133)  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  

For the transition period from                      to                       
Commission File Number: 001-35314  

eGain Corporation  

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)  

 Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction 
of incorporation or organization) 
1252 Borregas Avenue 
Sunnyvale, California 94089 
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) 
(408) 636-4500 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  

Title of Each Class 
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None  

77-0466366 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification No.) 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered 
Nasdaq Capital Market 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  (cid:133)    No  (cid:95)  
Indicate by check mark if registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  (cid:133)    No  (cid:95)  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
during  the  preceding  12 months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the  registrant  was  required  to  file  such  reports),  and  (2) has  been  subject  to  such  filing 
requirements for the past 90 days:    Yes  (cid:95)    No  (cid:133)  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File 
required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was 
required to submit and post such files).    Yes  (cid:95)    No  (cid:133).  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to 
the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to 
this Form 10-K. (cid:95)  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an 
emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” 
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  
  (cid:133) 
Large accelerated filer 
  (cid:133)  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 
  (cid:133)(cid:3)

Non-accelerated filer 
Emerging growth company 

   Smaller reporting company 

   Accelerated filer 

  (cid:133) 
  (cid:95) 
  (cid:3)

  (cid:3)

  (cid:3)

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any 

new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. (cid:133) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes (cid:133) No (cid:95).  
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates (based on the closing price on the Nasdaq Capital Market) 
on December 31, 2016, was approximately $17.7 million. For purposes of the foregoing calculation only, the registrant has included in the shares owned by 
affiliates the beneficial ownership of voting and non-voting common equity of officers and directors, and affiliated entities, of the registrant and members of 
their families. Such inclusion shall not be construed as an admission that any such person is an affiliate for any other purpose.  
There were 27,230,571 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock $0.001 par value, outstanding on September 19, 2017. 

Items 10 (as to directors), 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III incorporate by reference information from the registrant’s proxy statement to be filed with the 

Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the registrant’s 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
eGAIN CORPORATION  
TABLE OF CONTENTS  
2017 FORM 10-K  

   Page 

Item 
No.       

   PART I 

1. 

   Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      4 

1A. 

   Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      10 

1B. 

   Unresolved Staff Comments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      25 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

   Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      25 

   Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      25 

   Mine Safety Disclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      25 

   PART II 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      26 

   Selected Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      29 

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . .      30 

7A. 

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      47 

8. 

9. 

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      49 

   Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure  . . . . . . . . . . . .      83 

9A. 

   Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      83 

9B. 

   Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      83 

   PART III 

10. 

   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      84 

11. 

   Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      84 

12. 

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters . . . .      84 

13. 

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      84 

14. 

   Principal Accounting Fees and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      84 

   PART IV 

15. 

   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      85 

   Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      87 

2 

  
 
 
 
   
  
     
  
   
 
  
  
   
 
  
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
CAUTIONARY NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS  

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities 
Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995.    These  statements  may  be  identified  by  the  use  of  the  words  such  as  “anticipates,” 
“believes,” “continue,” “could,” “would,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “might,” “plans,” “potential,” 
“should,” or “will” and similar expressions or the negative of those terms. The forward-looking statements include, but 
are not limited to, statements regarding: the effect of changes in macroeconomic factors beyond our control; our hybrid 
revenue model and its potential impact on our total revenue; our ability to predict subscription renewals or upgrade rates; 
our lengthy sales cycles and the difficulty in predicting timing of sales or delays; competition in the markets in which we 
do business and our failure to compete successfully therein; our expectations regarding the composition of our customers 
and the result of a loss of a significant customer; the adequacy of our capital resources and need for additional financing 
and the effect of failing to obtain adequate funding; the result of our failure to comply with the covenants under the Wells 
Fargo Credit Agreement; the development and expansion of our strategic and third party distribution partnerships and 
relationships with systems integrators; our ability to effectively implement and improve our current products; our ability 
to innovate and respond to rapid technological change and competitive challenges; legal liability or the effect of negative 
publicity  for  the  services  provided  to  consumers  via  our technology platforms;  legal and  regulatory uncertainties and 
other  risks  related  to  protection  of  our  intellectual  property  assets;  our  ability  to  anticipate  our  competitors;  the 
operational integrity and maintenance of our systems; the effect of unauthorized access to a customer’s data or our data 
or our IT systems; the uncertainty of demand for our products; the anticipated customer benefits from our products; the 
actual mix in new business between subscription and license transactions when compared with management’s projections; 
our ability to increase the profitability of our recurring products and services; the ability to increase revenue as a result 
of the increased investment in sales and marketing; our ability to hire additional personnel and retain key personnel; our 
ability to expand and improve our sales performance and marketing activities; our ability to manage our expenditures and 
estimate future expenses, revenue, and operational requirements; our ability to manage our business plans, strategies and 
outlooks and any business-related forecasts or projections; the effect of changes to management judgments and estimates; 
the impact of any modification to our pricing practices in the future; risks from our substantial international operations; 
our ability to timely adapt and comply with changing European regulatory and political environments; our inability to 
successfully detect weaknesses or errors in our internal controls; our ability to take adequate precautions against claims 
or  lawsuits  made  by  third  parties,  including  alleged  infringement  of  proprietary  rights;  our  ability  to  manage  future 
growth; the trading price of our common stock; geographical and currency fluctuations; and our expectations with respect 
to revenue, cost of revenue, expenses and other financial metrics.  

Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially 
from those expected. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those risks discussed in Item 1A “Risk 
Factors” in this report. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in statements relating to our future 
plans, product releases, objectives, expectations and intentions, and other assumptions underlying or relating to any of 
these statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to 
predict.  Therefore,  actual  results  may  differ  materially  and  adversely  from  those  expressed  in  any  forward-looking 
statements. Readers are directed to risks and uncertainties identified below, under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this 
report, for factors that may cause actual results to be different than those expressed in these forward-looking statements. 
Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements for 
any reason.  

All references to “eGain”, the “Company”, “our”, “we” or “us” mean eGain Corporation and its subsidiaries, except 

where it is clear from the context that such terms mean only this parent company and excludes subsidiaries.  

eGain and the eGain® are trademarks of eGain Corporation. We also refer to trademarks of other corporations and 

organizations in this report. 

3 

 
 
 
ITEM 1. 

BUSINESS  

Overview  

PART I 

eGain  Corporation  is  a  leading  provider  of  cloud-based  customer  engagement  software.  We  help  business-to-
consumer  (B2C)  brands  operationalize  digital  customer  engagement  strategy.  Our  suite  includes  rich  applications  for 
digital  interaction,  knowledge  management,  and  artificial  intelligence  (AI)-based  process  guidance.  We  also  provide 
advanced,  integrated  analytics  for  contact  centers  and  digital  properties  to  holistically  measure,  manage,  and  optimize 
resources. Benefits include reduced customer effort, customer satisfaction, connected service processes, converted upsell 
opportunities, and improved compliance—across mobile, social, web, and phone. Hundreds of global enterprises rely on 
eGain to transform fragmented customer service systems into unified Customer Engagement Hubs. 

We have operations in the United States, United Kingdom and India.  

Industry Background  

As products become commoditized in a global economy and a digital world, customer loyalty increasingly depends 
on ease of doing business. Today’s digital consumers expect to be served intelligently across all touch points. In response, 
businesses are seeking efficient, scalable solutions to deliver smart customer experiences that are quick and easy.  

Traditional customer relationship management (CRM) solutions are not designed for the digital world. Mostly, they 
view the phone as the primary customer interaction channel. Digital channels like web, mobile and social are not designed 
into the solution from the start. As a result, customer journeys tend to be fragmented and inconsistent across channels, 
especially digital-first engagements. Moreover, traditional CRM tools do not natively leverage the power of AI, knowledge 
and analytics to automate and optimize customer journeys as well as to enhance agent capability. 

The eGain Solution  

Our solution make it easy for B2C businesses to engage customers in a digital world across all touch points, delivering 

the following benefits: 

•  Build profitable long-term customer relationships. Customers are spending more time conducting business 
on  mobile,  social  and  web.  Our  solution  helps  businesses  design  brand-aligned,  omnichannel  customer 
journeys that are easy, quick and helpful. Whether a customer is looking to buy, ask a question, or pay a bill, 
our solution helps businesses provide customers personalized, guided and consistent responses. As a result, 
businesses improve their customer satisfaction and NPS scores. 

•  Reduce operating costs through self-service automation and improved agent productivity. Our solution helps 
companies provide highly effective customer service while reducing operating costs. Robust customer self-
service tools fronted by chatbots, guided by AI, and scaffolded with context-aware escalation paths reduce 
cost  of  service  without  compromising  customer  effort.  Intelligent  routing,  auto-response,  tracking,  and 
reporting features, complemented with agent-facing knowledge tools, measurably enhance the productivity 
of service agents.  

• 

Increase revenue through intelligent offers and contextual promotions. Our solution also helps businesses 
convert more website visitors into buyers, reduce shopping cart abandonment and increase average order 
value. It enables agents to contextually up-sell and cross-sell products in the course of customer interactions. 
A visitor to a website using eGain is proactively offered personalized promotions or real-time assistance, 
based on configurable business rules informed by visitor behavior and history. Visitors collaborate with a 
customer service agent live over the web through click-to-call, text or video chat, and cobrowse to inquire 
about and buy a product. 

4 

  
Products and Services  

eGain Suite  

Recognized  by  industry  analysts  and  trusted  by  leading  companies  worldwide,  the  eGain  software  suite  helps 
businesses  engage,  acquire,  and  serve  customers  through  multiple  engagement  channels.  Modular,  best-of-breed 
applications—built on a customer engagement hub platform—combine 360-degree customer context, AI-powered process 
guidance, and actionable knowledge to enhance every customer interaction. Designed to rapidly implement and optimize 
digital-first customer engagement strategies, the eGain suite consists of:  

•  Mobile applications to engage customers through smartphones and tablets.  

•  Social applications to deliver comprehensive social media based customer service capability and are embedded 

into desktop applications in the eGain Suite.  

•  Web applications to transform B2C websites into interactive shopping destinations.  

•  Desktop  applications  to  help  traditional  call  centers  evolve  into  AI-and-knowledge-powered  omnichannel 

customer engagement hubs.  

•  Management  applications  to  provide  the  insight  and  capabilities  needed  to  drive  smarter  contact  center 

operations. 

•  Messaging applications to provide a rich set of secure, personalized customer communication options.  

Mobile Applications  

• 

eGain Mobile™ makes mobile engagement easy. It enables businesses to offer all engagement options in the 
eGain suite to mobile users. Capabilities include mobile virtual assistant, offers, chat, click-to-call, cobrowsing, 
self-service, and notifications.  

Web Applications  

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

eGain  Offers™  helps  businesses  engage  visitors  on  the  company  website  and  Facebook  fan  pages  with 
proactive, targeted offers. Using browsing behavior and other customer attributes, the solution anticipates visitor 
needs and proactively serves a personalized offer for sales promotion, customer self-service or agent assistance. 

eGain  Virtual  Assistant™,  a  key  AI-based  application  in  the  eGain  portfolio,  enables  conversational 
automation  to  engage  customers  across  digital  touch  points.  It  leverages  Multilingual  and  emotionally 
intelligent,  eGain  virtual  assistants  are  deployed  on  websites  and  mobile  devices  and  support  seamless 
integration with assisted channels. 

eGain Cobrowse™ enables phone and chat reps to show customers around the website, help locate information, 
and “hand-hold” them through anxiety-ridden tasks such as complex forms committing consumers to significant 
decisions in health care, finance and government. It offers secure, hypertext markup language (HTML)-based 
cobrowsing without any customer download requirement. All actions during the cobrowse session are tracked, 
auditable and controlled through a combination of user roles and fine-grained business rules.  

eGain  Super  Chat™  enables  website  visitors  to  conduct  text,  short  message  service  (SMS),  Facebook 
Messenger, audio and video chats with agents. It gives agents a comprehensive set of tools to engage customers 
in real-time. The system’s flexible routing and workflow maximize agent productivity and optimize interaction 
quality. 

eGain ClickToCall™ provides website visitors the ability to request a callback. Callbacks can be scheduled 
according to the customer’s convenience or be established in real-time. Customer browsing context is shared 
with the agent to seamlessly leverage eGain Cobrowse during the voice call. 

5 

• 

eGain  SelfService™  is  a  comprehensive  customer  self-service  application  with  a  rich  set  of  capabilities, 
including AI-based virtual assistant, process guidance, dynamic FAQs, topic-based browsing, natural language 
search,  and case tracking.  

Desktop Applications  

• 

• 

• 

• 

eGain Advisor Desktop™ is a reimagined desktop for customer service advisors in a digital world. It is built 
ground  up  to  be  digital-first,  knowledge-infused,  AI-guided  and  analytics-powered.  Unlike  traditional  CRM 
applications built on the phone-first interaction model in early 1990s, the eGain Advisor Desktop seamlessly 
blends digital self-service engagement with intelligent assisted escalation in a productive, painless, proactive 
and personalized manner. Interactions across all digital and voice channels can be resolved in one place. 

eGain CallTrack™ is a comprehensive and a flexible call logging system. Together with eGain Knowledge™, 
it provides an integrated application for logging, tracking, and resolving customer issues. It also features task-
based workflows and process management for service fulfillment.  

eGain Mail+Social™ is an industry-leading application for processing inbound customer emails and providing 
mission-critical  email  customer  response,  incorporating  hundreds  of  best  practices  developed  over  years  of 
serving  innovative  global  enterprises.  The  application  also  enables  social  media-based  customer  service, 
knowledge harvesting, single-source social publishing, and reputation management.   

eGain  Knowledge+AI™  empowers  contact  center  agents  with  best-practice  AI-powered  knowledge 
management and is designed to make every agent as productive and capable as the enterprise’s best agent. eGain 
Knowledge uses patented AI technology coupled with natural language processing to establish intent and guide 
advisors to resolve customer inquiries.  

Management Applications 

• 

eGain  Operational  Analytics™ helps  businesses  monitor,  measure,  and  manage  their omnichannel  contact 
center operation. It offers both insight and the ability to intervene effectively. 

Messaging Applications  

• 

• 

eGain Secure Messaging™ enables secure and authenticated messaging for business with their customers. It 
is a secure web-based portal for customers to read confidential messages, including attachments.  

eGain Notify™ is a flexible, responsive and scalable application to deliver automatic reminders, alerts, and 
updates  at  all  stages  of  the  customer  journey.  Typically,  businesses  use  the  application  to  deliver  targeted, 
personalized, triggered alerts—across SMS, email, secure message and voice mail.  

Cloud Operations  

We serve our customers and end users from several secure data centers worldwide. Physical security features at these 
facilities include 24x7 on-site security, three physical barriers and multiple access controls. The systems at these facilities 
are protected by firewalls and encryption technology. Operational redundancy features include redundant power, on-site 
backup generators, multiple carrier entrance facilities, and robust environmental controls and monitoring.  

We employ a wide range of security features, including two-factor authentication, data encryption, encoded session 
identifications  and  passwords.  We  contract  with  specialized  security  vendors  to  conduct  regular  security  audits  of  our 
infrastructure. We also employ outside vendors for 24x7 managed network security and monitoring. Every page we serve 
is delivered encrypted to the end user via a Secure Socket Layer, or SSL, transaction. We also use encryption in our storage 
systems and backup technology.  

We continuously monitor the performance of our application suite using a variety of automated tools. We designed 
our infrastructure with built-in redundancy for all key components. Our network includes redundant firewalls, switches 
and intrusion detection systems, and incorporates failover backup for maximum uptime. We load balance at each tier in 

6 

the network infrastructure. We also designed our application server clusters so that servers can fail without interrupting 
the user experience, and our database servers are clustered for failover. We regularly back up and store customer data both 
on and off-site in secure locations to minimize the risk of data loss at any facility.  

Customers  

We  serve  a  worldwide  customer  base  across  a  wide  variety  of  industry  sectors,  including  healthcare,  retail, 
telecommunications, financial services, insurance, outsourced services, technology, utilities, government, manufacturing 
and consumer electronics. Our product is sold primarily to large B2C enterprises (over $500 million in annual revenue). 
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017, international revenue accounted for 51% and domestic revenue for 49% of total 
revenue, compared to 50% and 50%, respectively, for fiscal year 2016, and 52% and 48%, respectively, for fiscal year 
2015.  

One customer accounted for 13% of total revenue in fiscal year 2017. Two customers accounted for 14% and 10%, 

respectively, of total revenue in fiscal year 2016. One customer accounted for 10% of total revenue in fiscal year 2015.  

Competition  

We compete with other application software vendors including Genesys Telecommunications, Live Person, Inc., and 
Moxie Software, Inc. In addition, we face actual or potential competition from larger software companies such as Microsoft 
Corporation, Oracle Corporation, Salesforce.com, Inc., and Verint KANA. that may attempt to sell customer engagement 
software to their installed base. We also compete with internally developed applications within large enterprises. Finally, 
we face, or expect to face, competition from software vendors who may develop toolsets and products that allow customers 
to build new applications that run on the customers’ infrastructure or as hosted services.  

We believe the principal competitive factors in our market include the following:  

•  proven track record of customer success; 

• 

speed and ease of implementation; 

•  product functionality; 

• 

financial stability and viability of the vendor; 

•  product adoption; 

• 

• 

ease of use and rates of user adoption; 

low total cost of ownership and demonstrable cost-effective benefits for customers;  

•  performance, security, scalability, flexibility and reliability of the service; 

• 

ease of integration with existing applications;  

•  quality of customer support; 

• 

availability and quality of implementation, consulting and training services; and 

•  vendor reputation and brand awareness. 

7 

Sales and Marketing  

Sales Strategy  

Our sales strategy is to pursue targeted accounts, mostly B2C enterprises, through a combination of our direct sales 
force and partners. We target our sales efforts at enterprise companies. Our North American direct sales organization is 
based  at  our  corporate  headquarters  in  Sunnyvale,  California,  with  field  sales  presence  throughout  the  United  States. 
Internationally, we have offices in India and the United Kingdom.  

The direct sales force is organized into teams that include field sales representatives and sales consultants. Our direct 

sales force is complemented by lead generation representatives and sales development representatives.  

We also complement our direct sales force with reseller and sales alliances. We believe we are able to leverage 

additional sales, marketing and deployment capabilities through these alliances.  

Marketing and Partner Strategy  

Our marketing strategy is to build our brand around innovative and robust products trusted by leading enterprises. 
Our  marketing  organization  focuses  on  public  relations,  analyst  relations,  marketing  communications  and  demand 
generation. We employ a wide range of marketing avenues to deliver our message, including print and Internet advertising, 
targeted electronic and postal mailing, email newsletters, and a variety of trade shows, seminars, webinars, and interest 
groups.  

Our marketing group also produces sales tools, including product collateral, customer case studies, demonstrations, 
presentations, and competitive analyses. In addition, the group performs market analyses and customer reviews to identify 
and develop key partnership opportunities and product capabilities.  

We believe that our partners help extend the breadth and depth of our product offerings, drive market penetration, 
and augment our professional service capabilities. We believe these relationships are important to delivering successful, 
integrated products and services to our customers, and scaling our business. Our partner portal, EcoNet™, enables us to 
provide comprehensive sales, support and services information for channel partners, while enabling them to collaborate 
with one another through an online forum. Partner enablement is a key focus area for our consulting and training teams 
too.  

As of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017, we had 81 employees engaged in worldwide sales and marketing activities.  

Consulting and Education  

Our worldwide professional services organization provides consulting and education services designed to facilitate 

customer success and build customer loyalty.  

•  Consulting  Services. Our  consulting  services  group  offers  rapid  implementation  services,  custom  solution 
development, and systems integration services. Consultants work with customers to understand their specific 
requirements,  analyze  their  business  needs,  and  implement  integrated  solutions.  We  provide  these  services 
independently  or  in  partnership  with  system  integrators  who  have  developed  consulting  expertise  on  our 
platform.  

•  Education  Services. Our  education  services  group  provides  a  comprehensive  set  of  basic  and  customized 
training programs to our customers and partners in addition to online tutorial modules for ongoing refresher 
courses. Training programs are offered either in-person at the customer site, or at one of our worldwide training 
centers.  

As  of  fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  2017,  we  had  113  professionals  providing  worldwide  services  for  systems 

installation, solutions development, application management, and education.  

8 

Customer Support  

We  offer  a  comprehensive  collection of  support  services designed  to rapidly  respond to  inquiries.  Our  technical 
support services are available to customers worldwide under maintenance and support agreements. The customer success 
team uses eGain’s own software suite to provide world-class service to all our customers through support centers located 
in California, the United Kingdom, and India.  

As of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017, there were 63 employees engaged in worldwide customer support services 

and 42 employees engaged in worldwide cloud services and maintenance support.  

Research and Development  

The market for our products changes rapidly and is characterized by evolving industry standards, swift changes in 
customer  requirements,  and  frequent  new  product  introductions  and  enhancements.  We  believe  that  strong  product 
development  capabilities  are  essential  to  our  strategy  of  maintaining  technology  leadership.  This  includes  enhancing 
current  technology,  providing  excellent  quality,  performance,  and  functionality,  as  well  as  developing  additional 
applications, and maintaining the competitiveness of our product and service offerings.  

We continuously analyze market and customer requirements and evaluate external technology that we believe will 
enhance our competitiveness, increase our lifetime customer value or expand our target market. As a result of this process, 
we acquired Exony Limited, a leader in enterprise contact center analytics software, in August 2014.   

As  of  the  fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  2017,  we  had  130  employees  engaged  in  worldwide  product  development 
activities. We spent approximately $13.8 million on research and development in fiscal year 2017, and $16.1 million and 
$16.0 million, respectively, in fiscal years 2016 and 2015.  

Intellectual Property  

We regard our intellectual property as critical to our success. We rely on intellectual property and other laws, in 
addition to confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements, to protect the proprietary aspects of our technology and 
business. 

As of June 30, 2017, we had 7 issued patents in the United States. In addition, we have a number of pending patent 
applications  in  the United  States,  including  one provisional  filing  and  several non-provisional  filings.  Our  issued  U.S. 
patents expire at various times between 2029 and 2032. 

We continually assess the propriety of seeking intellectual property protection for those aspects of our technology 
that we believe constitute innovations providing significant competitive advantages. Future applications may or may not 
receive the issuance of valid patents or registered trademarks.  

We  routinely  require  our  employees,  customers,  and  potential  business  partners  to  enter  into  confidentiality  and 
nondisclosure agreements before we will disclose any sensitive aspects of our products, technology, or business plans. In 
addition, we require employees to agree to surrender to us any proprietary information, inventions or other intellectual 
property  they  generate  or  come  to  possess  while  employed  by  us.  Despite  our  efforts  to  protect  our  proprietary  rights 
through confidentiality and license agreements, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our 
products or technology. These precautions may not prevent misappropriation or infringement of our intellectual property. 
In addition, some of our license agreements with certain customers and partners require us to place the source code for our 
products into escrow. These agreements typically provide that some party will have a limited, non-exclusive right to access 
and use this code as authorized by the license agreement if there is a bankruptcy proceeding instituted by or against us, or 
if we materially breach a contractual commitment to provide support and maintenance to the party.  

Employees  

As  of  the  fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  2017,  we  had  479  full-time  employees,  of  which  130  were  in  product 

development, 218 in services and support, 81 in sales and marketing, and 50 in finance and administration.  

9 

None of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. While we believe our relations with our 
employees are good, our future performance depends largely upon the continued service of our key technical, sales and 
marketing, and senior management personnel, none of whom are bound by employment agreements requiring service for 
a defined period of time.  

Available Information  

We were incorporated in Delaware in September 1997, and our website is located at www.egain.com. We make 
available free of charge on our website our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports 
on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file or furnish 
such  materials  to  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission.  Our  website  and  the  information  contained  therein  or 
connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS 

The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Other events that we do not currently 

anticipate or that we currently deem immaterial also may affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial 
condition.  

Our business is influenced by a range of factors that are beyond our control and that we have no comparative 
advantage in forecasting. These include: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

general economic and business conditions;  

currency exchange rate fluctuations;  

the overall demand for enterprise software and services;  

customer acceptance of cloud-based solutions;        

governmental budgetary constraints or shifts in government spending priorities; and  

general political developments. 

The global economic climate continues to influence our business. This includes items such as, a general tightening 
in the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity, increases in the rates of default and bankruptcy, and extreme volatility in 
credit, equity and fixed income markets. These macroeconomic developments negatively affected, and could continue to 
negatively affect, our business, operating results or financial condition which, in turn, could adversely affect our stock 
price. A general weakening of, and related declining corporate confidence in, the global economy or the curtailment in 
government or corporate spending could cause current or potential customers to reduce their technology budgets or be 
unable to fund software or services purchases, which could cause customers to delay, decrease or cancel purchases of our 
products and services or cause customers not to pay us or to delay paying us for previously purchased products and 
services.  

Our revenue and operating results have fluctuated in the past and are likely to fluctuate in the future, and 
because we recognize revenue from subscriptions over a period of time, downturns in revenue may not be 
immediately reflected in our operating results. 

Because we recognize recurring revenue and maintenance revenue ratably over the terms of the related 

subscription agreements and maintenance support agreements, most of our revenue each quarter results from recognition 
of deferred revenue related to agreements entered into during previous quarters. Consequently, declines in new or 
renewed subscription agreements and maintenance agreements that occur in one quarter will largely be felt in future 
quarters, both because we may be unable to generate sufficient new revenue to offset the decline and because we may be 
unable to adjust our operating costs and capital expenditures to align with the changes in revenue. In addition, our 
subscription model makes it more difficult for us to increase our revenue rapidly in any period, because revenue from 
new customers must be recognized over the applicable subscription term. Legacy license revenue is difficult to forecast 
and is likely to fluctuate due to many factors that are beyond our control including transition of license customers to 

10 

recurring revenue models. Accordingly, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations should 
not be relied upon as definitive indicators of future performance.  

Other factors that may cause our revenue and operating results to fluctuate include:  

timing of customer budget cycles; 

the priority our customers place on our products compared to other business investments; 

size, timing and contract terms of new customer contracts, and unpredictable and often lengthy sales cycles; 

reduced renewals; 

competitive factors, including new product introductions, upgrades and discounted pricing or special payment 
terms offered by our competitors, as well as strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, 
divestitures, spin-offs, joint ventures, strategic investments or changes in business strategy; 

technical difficulties, errors or service interruptions in our solutions that may cause customer dissatisfaction 
with solutions; 

consolidation among our customers, which may alter their buying patterns, or business failures that may reduce 
demand for our solutions; 

operating expenses associated with expansion of our sales force or business, and our product development 
efforts; 

cost, timing and management efforts related to the introduction of new features to our solutions; 

our ability to obtain, maintain and protect our intellectual property rights and adequately safeguard the 
information imported to our solutions or otherwise provided to us by our customers; and 

extraordinary expenses such as impairment charges, litigation or other payments related to settlement of dispute. 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Any of these developments may adversely affect our revenue, operating results and financial condition. Furthermore, we 

maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make 
required payments. In such cases, we may be required to defer revenue recognition on sales to affected customers. In the 
future, we may have to record additional reserves or write-offs, or defer revenue on sales transactions, which could 
negatively impact our financial results.  

If we are unable to increase the profitability of our recurring revenue products and services, if we experience 
significant customer attrition, or if we are required to defer recognition of revenue, our operating results could be 
adversely affected.  

We have invested, and expect to continue to invest, substantial resources to expand, market, and implement and 

refine our recurring revenue products and services offerings. Our business model shift to recurring revenues, and our 
subscription services in particular, has generally generated much lower gross margins than our traditional perpetual 
license sales. If we are unable to increase the volume of our subscription business to offset the lower margins, we may 
not be able to achieve sustained profitability.  

In order to sustain or increase our recent operating profitability, we must improve gross margins in our recurring 

revenue product and services offerings. Factors that could harm our ability to improve our gross margins include:  

• 

increased costs to license and maintain third party software embedded in our software applications or the cost to 
create or substitute such third party software if it can no longer be licensed on commercially reasonable terms;  

11 

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our inability to maintain or increase the prices customers pay for our products and services based on 
competitive pricing pressures and general economic conditions limiting customer demand;  

increased cost of third party services providers, including data centers for our cloud operations and professional 
services contractors performing implementation and technical support services to cloud customers;  

customer contractual requirements that delay revenue recognition until customer implementations commence 
production operations or customer-specific requirements are met;  

significant attrition as customers decide for their own economic or other reasons to not renew their subscription  
contracts when they are up for renewal could negatively impact the efficiency of our data centers and lead to the 
costs being spread over fewer customers negatively impacting gross margin; and 

the inability to implement, or delays in implementing, technology-based efficiencies and efforts to streamline 
and consolidate processes to reduce operating costs. 

We cannot accurately predict subscription renewal or upgrade rates and the impact these rates may have on our 
future revenue and operating results.  

Even though our subscription contracts are typically structured for auto-renewals, we do allow our customers to 

elect not to renew their subscriptions for our service after the expiration of their initial subscription period, which is 
typically 12 to 36 months, and some customers have elected not to renew. In addition, our customers may choose to 
renew for fewer subscriptions, renew for shorter contract lengths, or renew for lower cost editions of our service. We 
cannot accurately predict renewal rates given our varied customer base of enterprise and small and medium size business 
customers and the number of multiyear subscription contracts. Our renewal rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a 
number of factors, including customer dissatisfaction with our service, decreases in customers’ spending levels, 
decreases in the number of users at our customers, pricing changes and deteriorating general economic conditions. If our 
customers do not renew their subscriptions for our service or reduce the number of paying subscriptions at the time of 
renewal, our revenue will decline and our business will suffer.  

Our future success also depends in part on our ability to sell additional features and services, more subscriptions 

or enhanced editions of our service to our current customers. This may also require increasingly sophisticated and costly 
sales efforts that are targeted at senior management. Similarly, the rate at which our customers purchase new or enhanced 
services depends on a number of factors, including general economic conditions and that our customers do not react 
negatively to any price changes related to these additional features and services. If our efforts to upsell to our customers 
are not successful and negative reaction occurs, our business may suffer.    

Our credit agreement contains restrictive and financial covenants that may limit our operational flexibility. 
Furthermore, if we default on our obligations under the credit agreement, our operations may be interrupted and 
our business and financial results could be adversely affected. 

In November 2014, we entered into a credit agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Wells 
Fargo), under which Wells Fargo agreed to provide a term loan in the amount of $10.0 million (Term) and revolving loan 
to us in an amount not to exceed $10.0 million (Revolver), Term and Revolver (collectively, the Loans). In September 
2015, we increased the maximum borrowing amount of the Revolver to $15.0 million. The Loans contain a number of 
restrictive covenants, and its terms may restrict our current and future operations, including:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

affecting our flexibility to plan for, or react to, changes in our business and industry conditions; 

affecting our ability to use our cash flows, or obtain additional financing, for future working capital, capital 
expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes; 

placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our less leveraged competitors; and 

increasing our vulnerability to the impact of adverse economic and industry conditions. 

12 

In addition, if we fail to comply with the covenants or payment obligations specified in the Loans, we may trigger 

an event of default, in which case Wells Fargo would have the right to: (i) terminate its commitment to provide 
additional loans under the Loans, and (ii) declare all borrowings outstanding, together with accrued and unpaid interest 
and fees, to be immediately due and payable. In addition, Wells Fargo would have the right to proceed against the Loans 
collateral, which consists of substantially all our assets. If the debt under the Loans were to be accelerated, we may not 
have sufficient cash or be able to sell sufficient collateral to repay this debt, which would have an immediate material 
adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. 

Our lengthy sales cycles and the difficulty in predicting timing of sales or delays may impair our operating 
results.  

The long sales cycle for our products may cause license and subscription revenue and operating results to vary 

significantly from period to period. The sales cycle for our products can be six months or more and varies substantially 
from customer to customer. Because we sell complex and deeply integrated solutions, it can take many months of 
customer education to secure sales. Because our potential customers may evaluate our products before, if ever, executing 
definitive agreements, we may incur substantial expenses and spend significant management and legal effort in 
connection with the potential customer.  

Our multi-product offering and the increasingly complex needs of our customers contribute to a longer and 

unpredictable sales cycle. Consequently, we often face difficulty predicting the quarter in which expected sales will 
actually occur. This contributes to the uncertainty and fluctuations in our future operating results. In particular, the 
corporate decision-making and approval process of our customers and potential customers has become more 
complicated. This has caused our average sales cycle to further increase and, in some cases, has prevented the closure of 
sales that we believed were likely to close.  

We may need additional capital, and raising such additional capital may be difficult or impossible and will likely 
significantly dilute existing stockholders.  

We believe that existing capital resources will enable us to maintain current and planned operations for the next 
12 months. However, our working capital requirements in the foreseeable future are subject to numerous risks and will 
depend on a variety of factors. We may need to secure additional financing due to unforeseen or unanticipated market 
conditions. We may try to raise additional funds through public or private financings, strategic relationships, or other 
arrangements. Such financing may be difficult to obtain on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we succeed in raising 
additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible securities, then the issuance could result in substantial 
dilution to existing stockholders. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of debt securities or preferred stock, 
these new securities would have rights, preferences, and privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock. 
The terms of these securities could impose restrictions on our operations.  

Because we depend on a relatively small number of customers for a substantial portion of our revenue, the loss of 
any of these customers or our failure to attract new significant customers could adversely impact our revenue and 
harm our business.  

We have in the past and expect in the future to derive a substantial portion of our revenue from sales to a 
relatively small number of customers. The composition of these customers has varied in the past, and we expect that it 
will continue to vary over time. The loss of any significant customer or a decline in business with any significant 
customer would materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.  

As we acquire companies or technologies, we may not realize the expected business benefits, the acquisitions could 
prove difficult to integrate, disrupt our business, dilute stockholder value and adversely affect our operations.   

As part of our business strategy, we periodically make investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary 

businesses, joint ventures, services and technologies and intellectual property rights, and we expect that we will continue 
to make such investments and acquisitions in the future. In August 2014, we acquired Exony Ltd. Acquisitions and 
investments involve numerous risks, including:  

• 

the potential failure to achieve the expected benefits of the combination or acquisition; 

13 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

difficulties in and the cost of integrating operations, technologies, services and personnel; 

diversion of financial and managerial resources from existing operations; 

risks of entering new markets in which we have little or no experience or where competitors may have stronger 
market positions; 

potential write-offs of acquired assets or investments, and potential financial and credit risks associated with 
acquired customers; 

potential loss of key employees; 

inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset acquisition or investment costs; 

the inability to maintain relationships with customers and partners of the acquired business; 

the difficulty of transitioning the acquired technology onto our existing platforms and maintaining the security 
standards consistent with our other services for such technology; 

potential unknown liabilities associated with the acquired businesses; 

unanticipated expenses related to acquired technology and its integration into existing technology; 

negative impact to our results of operations because of the depreciation and amortization of amounts related to 
acquired intangible assets, fixed assets and deferred compensation, and the loss of acquired deferred revenue 
and unbilled deferred revenue; 

delays in customer purchases due to uncertainty related to any acquisition; 

the need to implement controls, procedures and policies at the acquired company; 

challenges caused by distance, language and cultural differences; 

in the case of foreign acquisitions, the challenges associated with integrating operations across different cultures 
and languages and any currency and regulatory risks associated with specific countries; and 

the tax effects of any such acquisitions. 

In addition, if we finance acquisitions by issuing equity or convertible or other debt securities or loans, our existing 

stockholders may be diluted, or we could face constraints related to the terms of repayment obligations related to the 
incurrence of indebtedness which could affect the market price of our common stock. Further, if we fail to evaluate and 
execute acquisitions or investments effectively, our business operations and prospects may be seriously harmed. 

We must compete successfully in our market segment.  

The market for customer engagement software is intensely competitive. Other than product innovation and existing 
customer relationships, there are no substantial barriers to entry in this market, and established or new entities may enter 
this market in the future. While software internally developed by enterprises represents indirect competition, we also 
compete directly with packaged application software vendors, including Avaya, Inc., Genesys Telecommunications, 
LivePerson, Inc., and Moxie Software, Inc. In addition, we face actual or potential competition from larger software 
companies such as Microsoft Corporation, Oracle Corporation, Salesforce.com, Inc. and similar companies that may 
attempt to sell customer engagement software to their installed base.  

We believe competition will continue to be fierce as current competitors increase the sophistication of their 
offerings and as new participants enter the market. Many of our current and potential competitors have longer operating 
histories, larger customer bases, broader brand recognition, and significantly greater financial, marketing and other 

14 

resources. With more established and better-financed competitors, these companies may be able to undertake more 
extensive marketing campaigns, adopt more aggressive pricing policies, and make more attractive offers to businesses to 
induce them to use their products or services.  

If we fail to expand and improve our sales performance and marketing activities, we may be unable to grow our 
business, negatively impacting our operating results and financial condition.  

Expansion and growth of our business is dependent on our ability to expand our sales force and on the ability of 
our sales force to increase sales. If we are not able to effectively develop and maintain awareness of our products in a 
cost-effective manner, we may not achieve widespread acceptance of our existing and future products. This may result in 
a failure to expand and attract new customers and enhance relationships with existing customers. This may impede our 
efforts to improve operations in other areas of the Company and may result in declines in the market price of our 
common stock.  

Due to the complexity of our customer engagement hub platform and related products and services, we must 
utilize highly trained sales personnel to educate prospective customers regarding the use and benefits of our products and 
services as well as provide effective customer support. If we have turnover in our sales and marketing teams, we may not 
be able to successfully compete with those of our competitors.  

Our failure to develop and expand strategic and third party distribution channels would impede our revenue 
growth.  

Our success and future growth depends in part upon the skills, experience, performance and continued service of 

our distribution partners, including software and hardware vendors and resellers. We engage with distribution partners in 
a number of ways, including assisting us to identify prospective customers, to distribute our products in geographies 
where we do not have a physical presence and to distribute our products where they are considered complementary to 
other third party products distributed by the partner. We believe that our future success depends in part upon our ability 
to develop and expand strategic, long term and profitable partnerships and reseller relationships. If we are unable to do 
so, or if any existing or future distribution partners fail to successfully market, resell, implement or support our products 
for their customers, or if distribution partners represent multiple providers and devote greater resources to market, resell, 
implement and support competing products and services, our future revenue growth could be impeded. Our failure to 
develop and expand relationships with systems integrators could harm our business.  

We sometimes rely on system integrators to recommend our products to their customers and to install and support 

our products for their customers. We likewise depend on broad market acceptance by these system integrators of our 
product and service offerings. Our agreements generally do not prohibit competitive offerings and system integrators 
may develop market or recommend software applications that compete with our products. Moreover, if these firms fail to 
implement our products successfully for their customers, we may not have the resources to implement our products on 
the schedule required by their customers. To the extent we devote resources to these relationships and the partnerships do 
not proceed as anticipated or provide revenue or other results as anticipated, our business may be harmed. Once 
partnerships are forged, there can be no guarantee that such relationships will be renewed in the future or available on 
acceptable terms. If we lose strategic third party relationships, fail to renew or develop new relationships, or fail to fully 
exploit revenue opportunities within such relationships, our results of operations and future growth may suffer.  

Our international operations involve various risks.  

We derived 51% of our revenue from international sales for the fiscal year 2017 compared to 50% for the fiscal 

year 2016, and 52% for fiscal year 2015. Including those discussed above, our international sales operations are subject 
to a number of specific risks, such as:  

• 

• 

• 

general economic conditions in each country or region in which we do or plan to do business;  

foreign currency fluctuations and imposition of exchange controls;  

expenses associated with complying with differing technology standards and language translation issues;  

15 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

difficulty and costs in staffing and managing our international operations;  

difficulties in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods;  

health or similar issues, such as a pandemic or epidemic;  

various trade restrictions and tax consequences;  

hostilities in various parts of the world; and  

reduced intellectual property protections in some countries. 

As of June 30, 2017, approximately 47% of our workforce was employed in India. Of these employees, 31% are 

allocated to research and development. Although the movement of certain operations internationally was principally 
motivated by cost cutting, the continued management of these remote operations requires significant management 
attention and financial resources that could adversely affect our operating performance. In addition, with the significant 
increase in the numbers of foreign businesses that have established operations in India, the competition to attract and 
retain employees there has increased significantly. As a result of the increased competition for skilled workers, we 
experienced increased compensation costs and expect these costs to increase in the future. Our reliance on our workforce 
in India makes us particularly susceptible to disruptions in the business environment in that region. In particular, 
sophisticated telecommunications links, high-speed data communications with other eGain offices and customers, and 
overall consistency and stability of our business infrastructure are vital to our day-to-day operations, and any impairment 
of such infrastructure will cause our financial condition and results to suffer. The maintenance of stable political relations 
between the United States, European Union and India are also of great importance to our operations.  

Any of these risks could have a significant impact on our product development, customer support, or professional 

services. To the extent the benefit of maintaining these operations abroad does not exceed the expense of establishing 
and maintaining such activities, our operating results and financial condition will suffer.  

Difficulties in implementing our products could harm our revenue and margins.  

We generally recognize license or subscription revenue from a customer sale when persuasive evidence of an 
arrangement exists, the product or access to the product has been delivered, the arrangement does not involve significant 
customization of the software, the license or subscription fee is fixed or determinable and collection of the fee is 
probable. If an arrangement requires significant customization or implementation services from us, recognition of the 
associated license or subscription and service revenue could be delayed. The timing of the commencement and 
completion of these services is subject to factors that may be beyond our control, as this process may require access to 
the customer’s facilities and coordination with the customer’s personnel after delivery of the software. In addition, 
customers could cancel or delay product implementations. Implementation typically involves working with sophisticated 
software, computing and communications systems. If we experience difficulties with implementation or do not meet 
project milestones in a timely manner, we could be obligated to devote more customer support, engineering and other 
resources to a particular project. Some customers may also require us to develop customized features or capabilities. If 
new or existing customers cancel or have difficulty deploying our products or require significant amounts of our 
professional services, support, or customized features, revenue recognition could be cancelled or further delayed and our 
costs could increase, causing increased variability in our operating results.  

Our reserves may be insufficient to cover receivables we are unable to collect.  

We assume a certain level of credit risk with our customers in order to do business. Conditions affecting any of our 

customers could cause them to become unable or unwilling to pay us in a timely manner, or at all, for products or 
services we have already provided them. In the past, we have experienced collection delays from certain customers, and 
we cannot predict whether we will continue to experience similar or more severe delays in the future. Although we have 
established reserves to cover losses due to delays or inability to pay, there can be no assurance that such reserves will be 
sufficient to cover our losses. If losses due to delays or inability to pay are greater than our reserves, it could harm our 
business, operating results and financial condition.  

16 

We may be subject to legal liability and/or negative publicity for the services provided to consumers via our 
technology platforms.  

Our technology platforms enable representatives of our customers as well as individual service providers to 
communicate with consumers and other persons seeking information or advice on the Internet. The law relating to the 
liability of online platform providers such as us for the activities of users of their online platforms is often challenged in 
the U.S. and internationally. We may be unable to prevent users of our technology platforms from providing negligent, 
unlawful or inappropriate advice, information or content via our technology platforms, or from behaving in an unlawful 
manner, and we may be subject to allegations of civil or criminal liability for negligent, fraudulent, unlawful or 
inappropriate activities carried out by users of our technology platforms.  

Claims could be made against online services companies under both U.S. and foreign law such as fraud, 
defamation, libel, invasion of privacy, negligence, copyright or trademark infringement, or other theories based on the 
nature and content of the materials disseminated by users of our technology platforms. In addition, domestic and foreign 
legislation has been proposed that could prohibit or impose liability for the transmission over the Internet of certain types 
of information. Our defense of any of these actions could be costly and involve significant time and attention of our 
management and other resources.  

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act, or DMCA, is intended, among other things, to reduce the liability of online 

service providers for listing or linking to third party web properties that include materials that infringe copyrights or 
rights of others. Additionally, portions of The Communications Decency Act, or CDA, are intended to provide statutory 
protections to online service providers who distribute third party content. A safe harbor for copyright infringement is also 
available under the DMCA to certain online service providers that provide specific services, if the providers take certain 
affirmative steps as set forth in the DMCA. Important questions regarding the safe harbor under the DMCA and the CDA 
have yet to be litigated, and we cannot guarantee that we will meet the safe harbor requirements of the DMCA or of the 
CDA. If we are not covered by a safe harbor, for any reason, we could be exposed to claims, which could be costly and 
time-consuming to defend.  

Unplanned system interruptions and capacity constraints and failure to effect efficient transmission of customer 
communications and data over the Internet could harm our business and reputation.  

Our customers have in the past experienced some interruptions with eGain cloud operations. We believe that these 

interruptions will continue to occur from time to time. These interruptions could be due to hardware and operating 
system failures. As a result, our business will suffer if we experience frequent or long system interruptions that result in 
the unavailability or reduced performance of our hosted operations or reduce our ability to provide remote management 
services. We expect to experience occasional temporary capacity constraints due to sharply increased traffic or other 
Internet-wide disruptions, which may cause unanticipated system disruptions, slower response times, impaired quality, 
and degradation in levels of customer service. If this were to continue to happen, our business and reputation could be 
seriously harmed.  

The growth in the use of the Internet has caused interruptions and delays in accessing the Internet and transmitting 
data over the Internet. Interruptions also occur due to systems burdens brought on by unsolicited bulk email or “Spam,” 
malicious service attacks and hacking into operating systems, viruses, worms and a “Trojan” horse, the proliferation of 
which is beyond our control and may seriously impact our and our customers’ businesses.  

Because we provide cloud-based software, interruptions or delays in Internet transmissions will harm our 

customers’ ability to receive and respond to online interactions. Therefore, our market depends on ongoing 
improvements being made to the entire Internet infrastructure to alleviate overloading and congestion.  

Our success largely depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and communications 

hardware and network systems. A significant amount of our computer and communications systems are located in 
Sunnyvale, California. Due to our location, our systems and operations are vulnerable to damage or interruption from 
fire, earthquake, power loss, telecommunications failure and similar events. Customer data that we store in third party 
data centers may also be vulnerable to damage or interruption from floods, fires, power loss, telecommunications failures 
and similar events. Any damage to, or failure of, our systems generally could result in interruptions in our service. 

17 

Interruptions in our service may reduce our revenue, cause us to issue credits or pay penalties, cause customers to 
terminate their subscriptions and adversely affect our renewal rate and our ability to attract new customers. 

We do maintain a business continuity plan for our customers in the event of an outage. We maintain other co-
locations for the purposes of disaster recovery as well as maintaining backups of our customer’s information. We provide 
premium disaster recovery and standard disaster recovery to our customers.  If a customer opts not to pay for premium 
disaster recovery, we will only assure that their data is available within 72 hours. This delay could cause severe 
disruptions to our customers’ customers and may result in customer termination of our solutions.  Our premium disaster 
recovery service provides for an alternative data center and a return to operations within one business day.   

We have entered into service agreements with some of our customers that require minimum performance 

standards, including standards regarding the availability and response time of our remote management services. If we fail 
to meet these standards, our customers could terminate their relationships with us, and we could be subject to contractual 
refunds and service credits to, and exposure to claims for losses by, customers. Any unplanned interruption of services 
may harm our ability to attract and retain customers.  

If our security measures are breached and unauthorized access is obtained to a customer’s data or our data or 
our IT systems, our service may be perceived as not being secure, customers may curtail or stop using our service 
and we may incur significant legal and financial exposure and liabilities.  

Our service involves the storage and transmission of customers’ proprietary information, and security breaches 
could expose us to a risk of loss of this information, litigation and possible liability. These security measures may be 
breached as a result of third-party action, including intentional misconduct by computer hackers, employee error, 
malfeasance or otherwise and result in someone obtaining unauthorized access to our customers’ data or our data, 
including our intellectual property and other confidential business information, or our IT systems. Additionally, third 
parties may attempt to fraudulently induce employees or customers into disclosing sensitive information such as user 
names, passwords or other information in order to gain access to our customers’ data or our data or IT systems. Because 
the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, or to sabotage systems, change frequently and generally are not 
recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate 
preventative measures. In addition, our customers may authorize third party access to their customer data located in our 
cloud environment. Because we do not control the transmissions between customer authorized third parties, or the 
processing of such data by customer authorized third parties, we cannot ensure the integrity or security of such 
transmissions or processing. Any security breach could result in a loss of confidence in the security of our service, 
damage our reputation, negatively impact our future sales, disrupt our business and lead to legal liability.  

The terms we agree to in our Service Level Agreements or other contracts may result in increased costs or 
liabilities, which would in turn affect our results of operations.  

Our Service Level Agreements (SLAs) provides for service credits for system unavailability, and in some cases, 
indemnities for loss, damage or costs resulting from use of our system. If we were required to provide any of these in a 
material way, our results of operations would suffer.  

We have been and may in the future be sued by third parties for various claims including alleged infringement of 
proprietary rights.  

We are involved in various legal matters arising from the normal course of business activities. These may include 
claims, suits, and other proceedings involving alleged infringement of third-party patents and other intellectual property 
rights, and commercial, labor and employment, and other matters.  

The software and Internet industries are characterized by the existence of a large number of patents, trademarks 

and copyrights and by frequent litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property 
rights. We have received in the past and may receive in the future communications from third parties claiming that we or 
our customers have infringed the intellectual property rights of others. In addition we have been, and may in the future 
be, sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their claimed proprietary rights. Our technologies and those of our 
customers may be subject to injunction if they are found to infringe the rights of a third party or we may be required to 

18 

pay damages, or both. Many of our agreements require us to indemnify our customers for third-party intellectual 
property infringement claims, which would increase the cost to us of an adverse ruling on such a claim.  

The outcome of any litigation, regardless of its merits, is inherently uncertain. Any claims and lawsuits, and the 

disposition of such claims and lawsuits, could be time-consuming and expensive to resolve, divert management attention 
from executing our business plan, lead to attempts on the part of other parties to pursue similar claims and, in the case of 
intellectual property claims, require us to change our technology, change our business practices or pay monetary 
damages, or enter into short- or long-term royalty or licensing agreements.  

Any adverse determination related to intellectual property claims or other litigation could prevent us from offering 

our service to others, could be material to our financial condition or cash flows, or both, or could otherwise adversely 
affect our operating results. In addition, depending on the nature and timing of any such dispute, a resolution of a legal 
matter could materially affect our future results of operation or cash flows or both.  

We rely on trademark, copyright, trade secret laws, contractual restrictions and patent rights to protect our 
intellectual property and proprietary rights and if these rights are impaired, then our ability to generate revenue 
will be harmed.  

If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights adequately, our competitors might gain access to our 
technology, and our business might be harmed. In addition, defending our intellectual property rights might entail 
significant expense. Any of our trademarks or other intellectual property rights may be challenged by others or 
invalidated through administrative process or litigation. While we have some U.S. patents and pending U.S. patent 
applications, we may be unable to obtain patent protection for the technology covered in our patent applications. In 
addition, our existing patents and any patents issued in the future may not provide us with competitive advantages, or 
may be successfully challenged by third parties. Furthermore, legal standards relating to the validity, enforceability and 
scope of protection of intellectual property rights are uncertain. Effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret 
protection may not be available to us in every country in which our service is available. The laws of some foreign 
countries may not be as protective of intellectual property rights as those in the U.S., and mechanisms for enforcement of 
intellectual property rights may be inadequate. Accordingly, despite our efforts, we may be unable to prevent third 
parties from infringing upon or misappropriating our intellectual property.  

We might be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights. We 

may initiate claims or litigation against third parties for infringement of our proprietary rights or to establish the validity 
of our proprietary rights. Any litigation, whether or not it is resolved in our favor, could result in significant expense to 
us and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel.  

Our failure or inability to develop non-infringing technology or license the proprietary rights on a timely basis 
would harm our business.  

We may be subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time in the ordinary course of our business, 

including claims of alleged infringement of the patents and other intellectual property rights of third parties. Our 
products may infringe issued patents that may relate to our products because patent applications in the United States are 
not publicly disclosed until the patent is issued, and hence applications may have been filed which relate to our software 
products. Intellectual property litigation is expensive, time consuming, and could divert management’s attention away 
from running our business. This litigation could also require us to develop non-infringing technology or enter into 
royalty or license agreements. These royalty or license agreements, if required, may not be available on acceptable terms, 
if at all, in the event of a successful claim of infringement.  

Software errors could be costly and time-consuming for us to correct, and could harm our reputation and impair 
our ability to sell our solutions. 

Our solutions are based on complex software that may contain errors, or "bugs," that could be costly to correct, 
harm our reputation and impair our ability to sell our solutions to new customers. Moreover, customers relying on our 
solution may be more sensitive to such errors, and potential security vulnerabilities and business interruptions for these 
applications. If we incur substantial costs to correct any errors of this nature, our operating margins could be adversely 

19 

affected. Because our customers depend on our solutions for critical business functions, any service interruptions could 
result in lost or delayed market acceptance and lost sales, higher service-level credits and warranty costs, diversion of 
development resources and product liability suits.   

Our stock price has demonstrated volatility and continued market conditions may cause declines or fluctuations.  

The price at which our common stock trades has been and will likely continue to be highly volatile and show wide 

fluctuations due to factors such as the following:  

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• 

• 

• 

transition to a recurring revenue model; 

concerns related to liquidity of our stock;  

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results, our ability to meet announced or anticipated 
profitability goals and changes in or failure to meet securities analysts’ expectations;  

announcements of technological innovations and/or the introduction of new services by us or our competitors;  

developments with respect to intellectual property rights and litigation, regulatory scrutiny and new legislation;  

conditions and trends in the Internet and other technology industries; and  

general market and economic conditions. 

Furthermore, the stock market has recently and in the past experienced significant price and volume fluctuations 

that have affected the market prices for the common stock of technology companies, regardless of the specific operating 
performance of the affected company. These broad market fluctuations may cause the market price of our common stock 
to decline.  

Our insiders who are significant stockholders may control the election of our board and may have interests that 
conflict with those of other stockholders.  

Our directors and executive officers, together with their affiliates and members of their immediate families, 
beneficially owned, in the aggregate, approximately 36% of our outstanding capital stock as of September 19, 2017, of 
which our Chief Executive Officer, Ashutosh Roy, beneficially owned approximately 31% as of such date. As a result of 
these concentrated holdings, Mr. Roy individually or together with this group has the ability to exercise significant 
control over most matters requiring our stockholders’ approval, including the election and removal of directors and the 
approval of significant corporate transactions.  

Our offshore product development, support and professional services may prove difficult to manage or may not 
allow us to realize our cost reduction goals, produce effective new solutions and provide professional services to 
drive growth. 

We use offshore resources to perform new product and services development and provide support and 
professional consulting efforts, which requires detailed technical and logistical coordination. We must ensure that our 
international resources and personnel are aware of and understand development specifications and customer support, as 
well as implementation and configuration requirements and that they can meet applicable timelines. If we are unable to 
maintain acceptable standards of quality in support, product development and professional services, our attempts to 
reduce costs and drive growth through new products and margin improvements in technical support and professional 
services may be negatively impacted, which would adversely affect our results of operations. Outsourcing services to 
offshore providers may expose us to misappropriation of our intellectual property or that of our customers, or make it 
more difficult to defend intellectual property rights in our technology. 

20 

If we are unable to hire and retain key personnel, our business and results of operations would be negatively 
affected.  

Our success will also depend in large part on the skills, experience and performance of our senior management, 

engineering, sales, marketing and other key personnel. The loss of the services of any of our senior management or other 
key personnel, including our Chief Executive Officer and co-founder, Ashutosh Roy, could harm our business. 
Additionally, an increase in attrition in the Indian workforce on which we rely for research and development would have 
significant negative effects on us and our results of operations. If we cannot hire and retain qualified personnel, our 
ability to expand our business would be impaired and our results of operations would suffer.  

Changes in the European regulatory environment regarding privacy and data protection regulations could expose 
us to risks of noncompliance and costs associated with compliance. 

We have in the past relied on adherence to the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Safe Harbor Privacy Principles 

and compliance with the U.S.-EU and U.S.-Swiss Safe Harbor Frameworks as agreed to and set forth by the U.S. 
Department of Commerce, and the European Union and Switzerland, which established a means for legitimating the 
transfer of PII by U.S. companies doing business in Europe from the European Economic Area to the U.S. As a result of 
the October 6, 2015 European Union Court of Justice, or ECJ, opinion in Case C-362/14 (Schrems v. Data Protection 
Commissioner) regarding the adequacy of the U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Framework, the U.S. – EU Safe Harbor Framework 
is no longer deemed to be a valid method of compliance with restrictions set forth in the Data Protection Directive 
(Directive) (and member states’ implementations thereof) regarding the transfer of data outside of the European 
Economic Area requiring us to rely on alternative mechanisms permitted under the Directive, such as consent and EU-
specified standard contractual clauses.  The U.S. - EU Safe Harbor was replaced with the EU - U.S. Privacy Shield 
(Privacy Shield) in July 2016 and, starting on August 1, 2016, the Privacy Shield was made available to companies for 
self-certification. We have self-certified with the Privacy Shield. Nevertheless, some of the mechanisms permitting 
transfer of data from the EU to the U.S. have been subject to challenges, whose outcomes remain uncertain. On 
December 15, 2015, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union reached a political agreement on 
the future EU data protection legal framework. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), adopted on 27 April 
2016, will replace the Directive, and becomes enforceable from 25 May 2018 after a two-year transition period. The 
GDPR will have significant impacts on how businesses can collect and process the personal data of EU individuals. We 
may be unsuccessful in establishing legitimate means of transferring data from the European Economic Area, we may 
experience hesitancy, reluctance, or refusal by European or multi-national customers to continue to use our services due 
to the potential risk exposure to such customers as a result of the ECJ ruling or the implementation of GDPR, and we and 
our customers are at risk of enforcement actions taken by an EU data protection authority until such point in time that we 
ensure that all data transfers to us from the European Economic Area are legitimized. We may find it necessary to 
establish systems to maintain EU-origin data in the European Economic Area, which may involve substantial expense 
and distraction from other aspects of our business. We publicly post our privacy policies and practices concerning our 
processing, use and disclosure of PII. Our publication of our privacy policy and other statements we publish that provide 
promises and assurances about privacy and security can subject us to potential state and federal action if they are found 
to be deceptive or misrepresentative of our practices. Further, the costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed 
by, such laws, regulations and policies that are applicable to us may limit the use and adoption of our products and 
solutions and could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. 

Privacy concerns and laws, evolving regulation of cloud computing, cross-border data transfer restrictions and 
other domestic or foreign regulations may limit the use and adoption of our solutions and adversely affect our 
business.  

Regulation related to the provision of services on the Internet is increasing, as federal, state and foreign 

governments continue to adopt new laws and regulations addressing data privacy and the collection, processing, storage 
and use of personal information. Further, laws are increasingly aimed at the use of personal information for marketing 
purposes, such as the European Union’s e-Privacy Directive, and the country-specific regulations that implement that 
directive. Such laws and regulations are subject to differing interpretations and may be inconsistent among jurisdictions. 
These and other requirements could reduce demand for our solutions or restrict our ability to store and process data or, in 
some cases, impact our ability to offer our services and solutions in certain locations.  

21 

In addition to government activity, privacy advocacy and other industry groups have established or may establish 

new self-regulatory standards that may place additional burdens on us. Our customers expect us to meet voluntary 
certification or other standards established by third parties, such as TRUSTe. If we are unable to maintain these 
certifications or meet these standards, it could adversely affect our ability to provide our solutions to certain customers 
and could harm our business.  

The costs of compliance with and other burdens imposed by laws, regulations and standards may limit the use and 

adoption of our service and reduce overall demand for it, or lead to significant fines, penalties or liabilities for any 
noncompliance.  

Furthermore, concerns regarding data privacy may cause our customers’ customers to resist providing the data 

necessary to allow our customers to use our service effectively. Even the perception that the privacy of personal 
information is not satisfactorily protected or does not meet regulatory requirements could inhibit sales of our products or 
services, and could limit adoption of our subscription solution.  

Industry-specific regulation is evolving and unfavorable industry-specific laws, regulations or interpretive 
positions could harm our business.   

Our customers and potential customers do business in a variety of industries, including financial services, the 

public sector, healthcare and telecommunications. Regulators in certain industries have adopted and may in the future 
adopt regulations or interpretive positions regarding the use of cloud computing and other outsourced services. The costs 
of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, industry-specific laws, regulations and interpretive positions may 
limit customers’ use and adoption of our services and reduce overall demand for our services. For example, some 
financial services regulators have imposed guidelines for use of cloud computing services that mandate specific controls 
or require financial services enterprises to obtain regulatory approval prior to outsourcing certain functions. If we are 
unable to comply with these guidelines or controls, or if our customers are unable to obtain regulatory approval to use 
our service where required, our business may be harmed. In addition, an inability to satisfy the standards of certain 
voluntary third-party certification bodies that our customers may expect, such as an attestation of compliance with the 
Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standards, may have an adverse impact on our business. If in the future we 
are unable to achieve or maintain these industry-specific certifications or other requirements or standards relevant to our 
customers, it may harm our business.  

In some cases, industry-specific laws, regulations or interpretive positions may also apply directly to us as a 
service provider. Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with such requirements could have an adverse impact 
on our business.  

We may need to license third-party technologies and may be unable to do so on commercially reasonable terms.  

To the extent we need to license third-party technologies, we may be unable to do so on commercially reasonable 

terms or at all. In addition, we may fail to successfully integrate any licensed technology into our products or services. 
Third-party licenses may expose us to increased risks, including risks associated with the integration of new technology, 
the diversion of resources from the development of our own proprietary technology, and our inability to generate revenue 
from new technology sufficient to offset associated acquisition and maintenance costs. Our inability to obtain and 
successfully integrate any of these licenses could delay product and service development until equivalent technology can 
be identified, licensed and integrated. This in turn would harm our business and operating results.  

Changes to current accounting policies could have a significant effect on our reported financial results or the way 
in which we conduct our business.  

Generally accepted accounting principles and the related accounting pronouncements, implementation guidelines 
and interpretations for some of our significant accounting policies are highly complex and require subjective judgments 
and assumptions. Some of our more significant accounting policies that could be affected by changes in the accounting 
rules and the related implementation guidelines and interpretations include:  

• 

recognition of revenue;  

22 

• 

• 

contingencies and litigation; and  

accounting for income taxes. 

Changes in these or other rules, or scrutiny of our current accounting practices, or a determination that our 

judgments or assumptions in the application of these accounting principles were incorrect, could have a significant 
adverse effect on our reported operating results or the way in which we conduct our business.  

We depend on broad market acceptance of our applications and of our business model.  

We depend on the widespread acceptance and use of our applications as an effective solution for businesses 
seeking to manage high volumes of customer interactions across multiple channels, including Web, phone, email, print 
and in-person. While we believe the potential to be very large, we cannot accurately estimate the size or growth rate of 
the potential market for such product and service offerings generally, and we do not know whether our products and 
services in particular will achieve broad market acceptance. The market for customer engagement software is rapidly 
evolving, and concerns over the security and reliability of online transactions, the privacy of users and quality of service 
or other issues may inhibit the growth of the Internet and commercial online services. If the market for our applications 
fails to grow or grows more slowly than we currently anticipate, our business will be seriously harmed.  

Furthermore, our business model is premised on business assumptions that are still evolving. Our business model 

assumes that both customers and companies will increasingly elect to communicate via multiple channels, as well as 
demand integration of the online channels into the traditional telephone-based call center. If any of these assumptions is 
incorrect or if customers and companies do not adopt digital technology in a timely manner, our business will be 
seriously harmed and our stock price will decline.  

We may be unable to respond to the rapid technological change and changing customer preferences in the online 
sales, marketing, customer service, and/or online consumer services industries and this may harm our business.  

If we are unable, for technological, legal, financial or other reasons, to adapt in a timely manner to changing 

market conditions in the online sales, marketing, customer service and/or e-commerce industry or our customers’ or 
Internet users’ requirements or preferences, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be 
materially and adversely affected. Business on the Internet is characterized by rapid technological change. In addition, 
the market for online sales, marketing, customer service and expert advice solutions is relatively new. Sudden changes in 
customer and Internet user requirements and preferences, frequent new product and service introductions embodying 
new technologies, such as broadband communications, and the emergence of new industry standards and practices such 
as but not limited to security standards could render our services and our proprietary technology and systems obsolete. 
The rapid evolution of these products and services will require that we continually improve the performance, features 
and reliability of our services. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to:  

• 

• 

• 

enhance the features and performance of our services;  

develop and offer new services that are valuable to companies doing business online as well as Internet users; 
and  

respond to technological advances and emerging industry standards and practices in a cost-effective and timely 
manner. 

If any of our new services, including upgrades to our current services, do not meet our customers’ or Internet 

users’ expectations, our business may be harmed. Updating our technology may require significant additional capital 
expenditures and could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.  

If new services require us to grow rapidly, this could place a significant strain on our managerial, operational, 

technical and financial resources. In order to manage our growth, we could be required to implement new or upgraded 
operating and financial systems, procedures and controls. Our failure to expand our operations in an efficient manner 
could cause our expenses to grow, our revenue to decline or grow more slowly than expected and could otherwise have a 
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition  

23 

We may engage in future acquisitions or investments that could dilute our existing stockholders, cause us to incur 
significant expenses or harm our business.  

We may review acquisition or investment prospects that we believe may complement our current business or 
enhance our technological capabilities. Integrating any newly acquired businesses or their technologies or products may 
be expensive and time-consuming, and may not result in benefits to our business. To finance any acquisitions, it may be 
necessary for us to raise additional funds through public or private financings. Additional funds may not be available on 
terms that are favorable to us, if at all, and, in the case of equity financings, may result in dilution to our existing 
stockholders. We may not be able to operate acquired businesses profitably. If we are unable to integrate newly acquired 
entities or technologies effectively, our operating results could suffer. Future acquisitions by us could also result in large 
and immediate write-offs, incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities, or amortization of expenses related to goodwill 
and other intangibles, any of which could harm our operating results. 

We may not be able to realize the benefits of offering the limited “Try & Buy” free version of our service. 

We offer a limited version of our subscription service to customers or potential customers free of charge (known 

as “Try & Buy”) in order to promote usage, brand and product awareness, and adoption, and we invest time and 
resources for such initial engagements without compensation from the customers. Some customers never enter into a 
definitive contract for our paid subscription service despite the time and effort we may have expended on such Try & 
Buy initiatives.  To the extent that these customers do not become paying customers, we will not realize the intended 
benefits of this marketing effort, and our ability to grow our business and revenue may be harmed. 

The uncertainty surrounding the implementation and effect of Brexit may cause increased economic volatility, 
affecting our operations and business. 

On June 23, 2016, voters in the United Kingdom (U.K.) approved an advisory referendum to withdraw 
membership from the European Union (E.U.), which proposed exit (referred to as Brexit) could cause disruptions to, and 
create uncertainty surrounding, our business in the U.K. and E.U., including affecting our relationships with our existing 
and future customers, suppliers and employees. As a result, Brexit could have an adverse effect on our future business, 
financial results and operations. The formal process for U.K. leaving the E.U. began in March 2017, when the U.K. 
served notice to the European Council under Article 50 of the Treaty of Lisbon. The long-term nature of the U.K.’s 
relationship with the E.U. is unclear and there is considerable uncertainty when any relationship will be agreed and 
implemented. The political and economic instability created by Brexit has caused and may continue to cause significant 
volatility in global financial markets and uncertainty regarding the regulation of data protection in the U.K. Brexit could 
also have the effect of disrupting the free movement of goods, services, and people between the U.K., the E.U., and 
elsewhere. The effects of Brexit will depend on any agreements the U.K. makes to retain access to E.U. markets either 
during a transitional period or more permanently. Brexit could lead to legal uncertainty and potentially divergent national 
laws and regulations as the U.K. determines which E.U. laws to replace or replicate. Further, uncertainty around these 
and related issues could lead to adverse effects on the economy of the U.K. and the other economies in which we 
operate. There can be no assurance that any or all of these events will not have a material adverse effect on our business 
operations, results of operations and financial condition. 

24 

ITEM  1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS  

None.  

ITEM 2. 

PROPERTIES  

We  lease  all  facilities  used  in  our  business  as  of  June  30,  2017.  The  following  table  summarizes  our  principal 

properties:  

Location 
Sunnyvale, California . . . .     Corporate Headquarters 
Newbury, England . . . . . . .   
Corporate Office – EMEA 
Pune, India . . . . . . . . . . . . .     Corporate Office – APAC 

Principal Use 

ITEM 3. 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  

Approximate Square 
Footage 
 42,541 
 14,090 
 33,262 

Lease Expiration 
Date 

2022 
2024 
2021 

In  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  we  are  involved  in  various  legal  proceedings  and  claims  related  to  alleged 
infringement of third-party patents and other intellectual property rights, commercial, corporate and securities, labor and 
employment, wage and hour, and other claims. We have been, and may in the future be, put on notice and/or sued by third 
parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights, including patent infringement.  

We evaluate all claims and lawsuits with respect to their potential merits, our potential defenses and counterclaims, 
settlement or litigation potential and the expected effect on us. Our technologies may be subject to injunction if they are 
found to infringe the rights of a third party. In addition, our agreements require us to indemnify our customers for third-
party intellectual property infringement claims, which could increase the cost to us of an adverse ruling on such a claim.  

ITEM 4.   MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES  

Not applicable.  

Executive Officers of the Registrant. 

The following table sets forth information regarding eGain’s current executive officers as of September 26, 2017:  

Name 
Ashutosh Roy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       
Eric Smit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Promod Narang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Todd Woodstra  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

Age 

Position 

 51       Chief Executive Officer and Chairman 
 55    
 59    
 55    

Chief Financial Officer 
Senior Vice President of Products and Engineering 
Senior Vice President of Global Sales 

Ashutosh Roy co-founded eGain and has served as Chief Executive Officer and a director of eGain since September 
1997 and President since October 2003. From May 1995 through April 1997, Mr. Roy served as Chairman of WhoWhere? 
Inc., an Internet-service company co-founded by Mr. Roy. From June 1994 to April 1995, Mr. Roy co-founded Parsec 
Technologies, a call center company based in New Delhi, India. From August 1988, to August 1992, Mr. Roy worked as 
a Software Engineer at Digital Equipment Corp. Mr. Roy holds a B.S. in Computer Science from the Indian Institute of 
Technology, New Delhi, a Master’s degree in Computer Science from Johns Hopkins University and an M.B.A. from 
Stanford University.  

Eric Smit has served as Chief Financial Officer since August 2002. From April 2001 to July 2002, Mr. Smit served 
as Vice President, Operations of eGain. From June 1999 to April 2001, Mr. Smit served as Vice President, Finance and 
Administration of eGain. From June 1998 to June 1999, Mr. Smit served as Director of Finance of eGain. From December 
1996 to May 1998, Mr. Smit served as Director of Finance for WhoWhere? Inc., an Internet services company. From April 
1993  to  November  1996,  Mr. Smit  served  as  Vice  President  of  Operations  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Velocity 
Incorporated, a software game developer and publishing company. Mr. Smit holds a Bachelor of Commerce in Accounting 
from Rhodes University, South Africa.  

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
     
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
Promod Narang has served as Sr. Vice President of Engineering of eGain since March 2000. Mr. Narang joined 
eGain in October 1998, and served as Director of Engineering prior to assuming his current position. Prior to joining eGain, 
Mr. Narang served as President of VMpro, a system software consulting company from September 1987 to October 1998. 
Mr. Narang holds a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science from Wayne State University.  

Todd Woodstra was appointed as Senior Vice President of Global Sales on August 14, 2017. Mr. Woodstra has 
served as Vice President of Global Channel and Partner Alliances for Nuance Communications, where he managed and 
executed  business  in  channels  and  commercial  enterprise,  self-service,  mobile,  collaboration,  unified  communications, 
natural language speech recognition, voice biometrics, gesture technologies, inbound/outbound notification and voice-to-
text transcription. Thereafter, Mr. Woodstra became the Senior Vice President of Enterprise Sales for Interactions LLC, 
where he led enterprise customer sales focused on virtual assistant solutions. 

PART II  

ITEM  5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 

AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES  

Market Information  

The  following  table  sets  forth,  for  the  periods  indicated,  high  and  low  bid  prices  for  eGain’s  common  stock  as 

reported by the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.  

Year Ended June 30, 2017 

First Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Second Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Third Quarter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Fourth Quarter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Year Ended June 30, 2016 

      High 

      Low 
 $  3.51    $  2.12 
 $  3.40    $  1.93 
 $  2.40    $  1.35 
 $  1.90    $  1.30 

First Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Second Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Third Quarter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Fourth Quarter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

 $  5.01    $  3.13 
 $  5.00    $  3.78 
 $  4.46    $  2.79 
 $  3.99    $  2.65 

Holders  

As  of  September 19,  2017,  there  were  approximately  198  stockholders  of  record.  This  number  does  not  include 
stockholders  whose  shares  are  held  in  trust  by  other  entities.  As  of  September 19,  2017,  we  estimate  that  there  were 
approximately 2,900 beneficial stockholders of our common stock.  

Dividends  

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently anticipate that we will 

retain all available funds for use in the operation of our business and do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the 
foreseeable future. 

Stock Performance Graph 

The following shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of our other filings under the Securities 

Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 

The graph below compares the cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock with the cumulative total 
return on the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index and the Nasdaq Composite Total Return Index for each of the last five fiscal 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
years ended June 30, 2017, assuming an initial investment of $100. Data for the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index and the 
Nasdaq Composite Total Return Index assume no dividends. 

The comparisons in the graph below are based upon historical data and are not indicative of, nor intended to 

forecast, future performance of our common stock. 

eGain Corporation

Nasdaq Composite

S&P Software & Services Select Industry Index

$200

$180

$160

$140

$120

$100

$80

$60

$40

$20

$0

6 / 3 0 /2 0 1 3

6 / 3 0 /2 0 1 4

6 / 3 0 /2 0 1 5

6 / 3 0 /2 0 1 6

6 / 3 0 /2 0 1 7

eGain Corporation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Nasdaq Composite  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
S&P Software & Services Select Industry Index . .  

Equity Compensation Plan Information  

06-30-13 
$ 100.00 
$ 100.00 
$ 100.00 

06-30-14 
$ 70.37 
$ 131.17 
$ 124.67 

06-30-15 
$ 52.08 
$ 150.10 
$ 144.92 

06-30-16 
$ 29.31 
$ 147.58 
$ 144.55 

06-30-17 
$ 17.15 
$ 189.34 
$ 180.53 

The following table summarizes our equity compensation plans as of June 30, 2017:  

Number of 
securities to be  
  issued upon exercise   
of outstanding 
  options and rights 
(a) 

 17,209  
 1,408,799  

  Weighted-average 
exercise price of 

     Number of securities 
remaining available for 
future issuance under 
equity compensation 

  outstanding options    plans (excluding securities 

and rights 
(b) 

reflected in column (a) 
(c) 

$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

 0.67   
 4.01   

 0.66   
 5.16   
 4.39   

 — 
 1,302,880 

 — 
 795,038 
 2,097,918 

Plan Category 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders  
1998 Stock Plan  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
2005 Stock Incentive Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

Equity compensation plans not approved by security 
holders 

2000 Non-Management Stock Option Plan  . . . . . . . . .     
2005 Management Stock Option Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

 10,000  
 837,652  
 2,273,660  

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved By Security Holders  

2000 Non-Management Stock Option Plan  

In July 2000, our board of directors adopted the 2000 Non-Management Stock Option Plan, which provides for the 
grant of non-statutory stock options and stock purchase rights to employees of eGain. A total of 200,000 shares of common 
stock were reserved for issuance under the 2000 Non-Management Stock Option Plan. This plan expired in July 2010, and 
there are no further options available to grant under the 2000 Plan.  

2005 Management Stock Option Plan  

In May 2005, our board of directors adopted the 2005 Management Stock Option Plan, or the 2005 Management 
Plan, pursuant to which the Compensation Committee may grant non-qualified stock options to purchase up to 962,400 
shares of eGain common stock, at an exercise price of not less than 100% of the fair market value of such common stock, 
to directors, officers and key employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. Options granted under the 2005 Management 
Plan are subject to vesting as determined by the Compensation Committee. The options are exercisable for up to ten years 
from the date of grant. 

In both November 2007 and September 2011, our board of directors approved an increase of 500,000 shares for 

issuance under the 2005 Management Stock Option Plan.  

In September 2014, our board of directors approved an amendment to the 2005 Management Stock Option Plan that 
increased  the  number  of  shares  of  common  stock  reserved  for  issuance  by  1,000,000  shares  from  1,962,400  shares  to 
2,962,400 shares and extended the expiration date of the of the 2005 Management Stock Option Plan to September 30, 
2024. 

Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities  

On September 14, 2009, we announced that our board of directors approved a repurchase program under which we 
may purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of our common stock. The duration of the repurchase program is open-ended. Under 
the program, we purchase shares of common stock from time to time through the open market and privately negotiated 
transactions at prices deemed appropriate by management. The repurchase is funded by cash on hand. There were no shares 
repurchased during fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015.  

28 

 
ITEM 6. 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA  

The  selected  consolidated  financial  data  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  information  under  “Item  7. 
Management’s  Discussion  and Analysis of Financial  Condition  and  Results  of Operations,” our  consolidated financial 
statements and the related notes which are included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” 

Revenue 

2017 

Year ended June 30, 
2015 
(in thousands, except per share information) 

2014 

2016 

2013 

Recurring  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  43,585   $  42,783   $   42,311   $  40,477   $  32,281 
   12,853 
Legacy license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
   13,755 
Professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
   58,889 
Total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 5,495 
Cost of recurring  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 151 
Cost of legacy license  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
   12,360 
Cost of professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
   18,006 
Total cost of revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
   40,883 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

    18,325  
    15,277  
    75,913  
    12,082  
 61  
    16,998  
    29,141  
    46,772  

   14,800  
   14,985  
   70,262  
 8,518  
 104  
   14,840  
   23,462  
   46,800  

 4,557  
   10,073  
   58,215  
   11,956  
 50  
 9,193  
   21,199  
   37,016  

   14,466  
   12,126  
   69,375  
   12,401  
 29  
   11,259  
   23,689  
   45,686  

Operating Expenses 
Research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total operating expenses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income / (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Interest expense, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other income / (expense), net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income / (loss) before income tax benefit (provision) . . . .   
Income tax benefit (provision) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net income / (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  (6,020)  $  (6,240)  $  (12,429)  $  (5,246)  $ 
Per share information 

    16,042  
    32,703  
 9,313  
    58,058  
   (11,286) 
 (834) 
 11  
   (12,109) 
 (320) 

 9,963  
   33,367  
 7,529  
   50,859  
    (4,059) 
 (181) 
 (415) 
    (4,655) 
 (591) 

   16,063  
   27,722  
 7,774  
   51,559  
    (5,873) 
    (1,958) 
 728  
    (7,103) 
 863  

   13,753  
   20,436  
 6,552  
   40,741  
    (3,725) 
    (1,730) 
 (32) 
    (5,487) 
 (533) 

 8,419 
   24,434 
 6,787 
   39,640 
 1,243 
 (483)
 303 
 1,063 
 (379)
 684 

Basic and diluted net income / (loss) per common 
share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   (0.22)  $   (0.23)  $ 
Weighted average shares used in computing basic net 
income / (loss) per common share  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Weighted average shares used in computing diluted net 
income / (loss) per common share  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

   27,108  

   27,108  

   27,056  

   27,056  

 (0.47)  $   (0.21)  $ 

 0.03 

    26,609  

    26,609  

   25,353  

   24,780 

   25,353  

   26,089 

Below is a summary of stock - based compensation 
included in the costs and expenses above: 

Cost of revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 131   $ 
 281   $ 
 80   $ 
 175   $ 

 249   $ 
 472   $ 
 169   $ 
 298   $ 

 476   $ 
 736   $ 
 574   $ 
 531   $ 

 280   $ 
 386   $ 
 464   $ 
 397   $ 

 121 
 261 
 360 
 339 

2017 

2016 

June 30, 
2015 

2014 

2013 

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: 

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments (including 
restricted cash)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Working capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Long-term debt (bank borrowings and capital lease obligations) . . .    

$  10,633   $  11,785   $   9,309   $   8,815   $  17,235 
 (886)  $  (2,039)  $  (1,885)  $   2,021 
$  (7,680)  $ 
$  39,751   $  48,063   $  49,731   $  32,647   $  43,536 
$  23,219   $  15,717   $  15,812   $  13,713   $  19,736 
$  14,844   $  20,376   $  18,554   $   4,208   $   2,000 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
        
               
    
        
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
   
  
  
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
         
         
         
         
  
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS 

OF OPERATIONS  

The following discussion of eGain’s financial condition and results of operations should be read together with 
the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  related  notes  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  This  discussion  may 
contain forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. These risks 
and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements.  

Overview  

eGain  Corporation  is  a  leading  provider  of  cloud-based  customer  engagement  software.  We  help  B2C  brands 
operationalize digital customer engagement strategy. Our suite includes rich applications for digital interaction, knowledge 
management,  and  AI-based  process  guidance.  We  also  provide  advanced,  integrated  analytics  for  contact  centers  and 
digital  properties  to  holistically  measure,  manage,  and  optimize  resources.  Benefits  include  reduced  customer  effort, 
customer  satisfaction,  connected  service  processes,  converted  upsell  opportunities,  and  improved  compliance—across 
mobile, social, web, and phone. Hundreds of global enterprises rely on eGain to transform fragmented customer service 
systems into unified Customer Engagement Hubs. 

We have operations in the United States, United Kingdom and India.  

In fiscal year 2017, we recorded annual revenue of $58.2 million and loss from operations of $3.7 million, compared 
to  annual  revenue of $69.4 million  and  a  loss  from  operations  of  $5.9 million  in fiscal  year 2016. The  year-over-year 
decrease  in  total  revenue  was  primarily  driven  by  the  68%  decrease  in  legacy  license  revenue  and  17%  decrease  in 
professional services revenue. Recurring revenue was $43.6 million in fiscal year 2017, compared to $42.8 million in fiscal 
year 2016.  Legacy license revenue was $4.6 million in fiscal year 2017, compared to $14.5 million in fiscal year 2016. 
Professional services revenue was $10.1 million in fiscal year 2017, compared to $12.1 million in fiscal year 2016. Cash 
provided by operations was $5.4 million for fiscal year 2017, compared to cash used in operations of $1.9 million for fiscal 
year 2016.  

Unbilled Deferred Revenue  

Unbilled deferred revenue represents business that is contracted but not yet invoiced or collected and off–balance-
sheet and, accordingly, is not recorded in deferred revenue. As such, the deferred revenue balance on our consolidated 
balance sheet does not represent the total contract value of annual or multi-year, non-cancelable subscription agreements. 
As of June 30, 2017, unbilled deferred revenue increased to $37.0 million, up from $31.1 million as of June 30, 2016.  

Key Financial Measures  

We monitor the key financial performance measures set forth below as well as cash and cash equivalents and available 
debt  capacity,  which  are  discussed  in  Liquidity  and  Capital  Resources,  to  help  us  evaluate  trends,  establish  budgets, 
measure the effectiveness of our sales and marketing efforts and assess operational effectiveness and efficiencies. These 
key financial performance measures include certain non-GAAP metrics, including non-GAAP operating loss as defined 
below. The presentation of the non-GAAP financial measures is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute 
for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles (GAAP).  

Non-GAAP operating loss, a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined as operating loss, adjusted for the impact of 

stock-based compensation expense and amortization of acquired intangibles.   

Management believes that it is useful to exclude certain non-cash charges and non-core operational charges from 
non-GAAP operating loss because (i) the amount of such expenses in any specific period may not directly correlate to the 
underlying performance of our business operations and (ii) such expenses can vary significantly between periods as a result 
of the timing of new stock-based awards and acquisitions. 

30 

The following table presents our key financial measures, including a reconciliation of GAAP loss from operations to 

non-GAAP loss from operations for each of the following periods: 

Loss from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  (3,725) 
Add: 

2017 

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 
$  (5,873)

2015 
$  (11,286)

Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Amortization of acquired intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-GAAP loss from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 667   
 2,091  
 (967) 

 1,188   
 2,781  
$  (1,904)

 2,317 
 2,510 
$   (6,459)

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses our consolidated 
financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of 
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going 
basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, allowance for 
doubtful accounts, goodwill, intangibles, deferred tax valuation allowance, accrued liabilities, long-lived assets and stock-
based compensation. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors 
that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about 
the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from 
these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.  

Business Combinations  

Business combinations are accounted for at fair value under the purchase method of accounting. Acquisition costs 
are expensed as incurred and recorded in general and administrative expenses and changes in deferred tax asset valuation 
allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date affect income tax expense. The accounting for business 
combinations requires estimates and judgment as to expectations for future cash flows of the acquired business, and the 
allocation of those cash flows to identifiable intangible assets, in determining the estimated fair value for assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed. The fair values assigned to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based 
on management’s estimates and assumptions, as well as other information compiled by management, including valuations 
that utilize customary valuation procedures and techniques. If the actual results differ from the estimates and judgments 
used in these estimates, the amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements could result in a possible impairment 
of the intangible assets and goodwill, or require acceleration of the amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets. 

Revenue Recognition  

We enter into arrangements to deliver multiple products or services (multiple-elements). We apply software revenue 
recognition rules and multiple-elements arrangement revenue guidance. Significant management judgments and estimates 
are  made  and  used  to  determine  the  revenue  recognized  in  any  accounting  period.  Material  differences  may  result  in 
changes to the amount and timing of our revenue for any period if different conditions were to prevail. We present revenue 
net of taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities.  

We derive revenue from three sources:  

i. 

ii. 

iii. 

Recurring fees (previously referred to as subscription and support) primarily consist of cloud revenue from 
customers accessing our enterprise cloud computing services, term and ratable license revenue, and 
maintenance and support revenue;  

Legacy license fees primarily consist of perpetual software license revenue which we no longer sell to new 
customers;  

Professional services primarily consist of consulting, implementation services and training.  

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues are recognized when all of the following criteria are met:  

•  Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists: Evidence of an arrangement consists of a written contract signed 
by both the customer and management prior to the end of the period. We use signed software license, services 
agreements  and  order  forms  as  evidence  of  an  arrangement  for  sales  of  software,  cloud,  maintenance  and 
support. We use a signed statement of work as evidence of arrangement for professional services.  

•  Delivery or performance has occurred: Software is delivered to customers electronically, and license files are 
delivered electronically. Delivery is considered to have occurred when we provide the customer access to the 
software along with a license file and/or login credentials.  

•  Fees are fixed or determinable: We assess whether the fee is fixed or determinable based on the payment terms 
associated with the transaction. Arrangements where a significant portion of the fee is due beyond 90 days from 
delivery are generally not considered to be fixed or determinable.  

•  Collectibility is probable: We assess collectibility based on a number of factors, including the customer’s past 
payment  history  and  its  current  creditworthiness.  Payment  terms  generally  range  from  30  to  90  days  from 
invoice  date.  If  we  determine  that  collection  of  a  fee  is  not  reasonably  assured,  we  defer  the  revenue  and 
recognize it at the time collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of cash payment.  

Revenue from  sales  to  resellers  is generally  recognized upon delivery  to  the  reseller dependent on  the  facts  and 
circumstances of the transaction, such as our understanding of the reseller’s plans to sell the software, existence of return 
provisions, price protection or other allowances, the reseller’s financial status and our past experience with the reseller. 
Historically sales to resellers have not included any return provisions, price protection or other allowances. 

We apply the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 985-605, Software Revenue Recognition, to 
all transactions involving the licensing of software products. In the event of a multiple element arrangement for a license 
transaction, we evaluate the transaction as if each element represents a separate unit of accounting taking into account all 
factors following the accounting standards. We apply ASC 605, Revenue Recognition, for cloud transactions to determine 
the accounting treatment for multiple elements. We also apply ASC 605-35 for fixed fee arrangements in which we use 
the percentage of completion method to recognize revenue when reliable estimates are available for the costs and efforts 
necessary to complete the implementation services. When such estimates are not available, the completed contract method 
is utilized. Under the completed contract method, revenue is recognized only when a contract is completed or substantially 
complete.  

When  legacy  perpetual  licenses  were  sold  together  with  system  implementation  and  consulting  services,  legacy 
license fees were recognized upon shipment, provided that (i) payment of the license fees were not dependent upon the 
performance of the consulting and implementation services, (ii) the services were available from other vendors, (iii) the 
services qualified for separate accounting as we have sufficient experience in providing such services, had the ability to 
estimate  cost  of  providing  such  services,  and  we  had  vendor  specific  objective  evidence,  or  VSOE,  of  fair  value,  and 
(iv) the services were not essential to the functionality of the software.  

We enter into arrangements with multiple-deliverables that generally include subscription, maintenance and support, 
and professional services. We evaluate whether each of the elements in these arrangements represents a separate unit of 
accounting, as defined by ASC 605, using all applicable facts and circumstances, including whether (i) we sell or could 
readily sell the element unaccompanied by the other elements, (ii) the element has stand-alone value to the customer, and 
(iii) there is a general right of return. For revenue recognition with multiple-deliverable elements, we apply the selling 
price hierarchy, which includes VSOE, third-party evidence of selling price, or TPE, and best estimate of selling price, or 
BESP. We determine the relative selling price for a deliverable based on VSOE, if available, or BESP, if VSOE is not 
available. We determined that TPE is not a practical alternative due to differences in its service offerings compared to 
other parties and the availability of relevant third-party pricing information.  

We  determine  BESP  by  considering  our  overall  pricing  objectives  and  market  conditions.  Significant  pricing 
practices taken into consideration include our discounting practices, the size and volume of our transactions, the customer 
demographic, the geographic area where services are sold, price lists, its go-to-market strategy, historical standalone sales 

32 

and  contract  prices.  The  determination  of  BESP  is  made  through  consultation with  and  approval  by  our  management, 
taking  into  consideration  the  go-to-market  strategy.  As  our  go-to-market  strategies  evolve,  we  may  modify  its  pricing 
practices in the future, which could result in changes in relative selling prices, including both VSOE and BESP.  

Recurring Revenue  

Cloud Revenue  

Cloud revenue consists of subscription fees along with bundled maintenance and support revenue from customers 
accessing  our  cloud-based  service  offerings.  We  recognize  cloud  revenue  ratably  over  the  period  of  the  applicable 
agreement as services are provided. Cloud agreements typically have an initial term of 12 to 36 months and automatically 
renew unless either party cancels the agreement. The majority of the cloud services customers purchase a combination of 
our cloud service and professional services. 

We consider the applicability of ASC 985-605, on a contract-by-contract basis. In cloud-based agreements, where 
the customer does not have the contractual right to take possession of the software, the revenue is recognized on a monthly 
basis  over  the  term  of  the  contract.  Invoiced  amounts  are  recorded  in  accounts  receivable  and  in  deferred  revenue  or 
revenue, depending on whether the revenue recognition criteria have been met. We consider a software element to exist 
when we determine that the customer has the contractual right to take possession of our software at any time during the 
cloud  period  without  significant  penalty  and  can  feasibly  run  the  software  on  its  own  hardware  or  enter  into  another 
arrangement with a third party to host the software. Additionally, we have established VSOE for the cloud and maintenance 
and support elements of perpetual license sales, based on the prices charged when sold separately and substantive renewal 
terms. Accordingly, when a software element exists in a cloud services arrangement, license revenue for the perpetual 
software license element is determined using the residual method and is recognized upon delivery. Revenue for the cloud 
and maintenance and support elements is recognized ratably over the contractual time period. Professional services are 
recognized as described below under Professional Services Revenue. If VSOE of fair value cannot be established for the 
undelivered elements of an agreement, the entire amount of revenue from the arrangement is recognized ratably over the 
period that these elements are delivered.  

Term and Ratable License Revenue  

Term  and  ratable  license  revenue  includes  arrangements  where  our  customers  receive  license  rights  to  use  our 
software  along  with  bundled  maintenance  and  support  services  for  the  term  of  the  contract  or  the  Company  has  not 
established VSOE for the bundled multi-year maintenance and support services. The majority of our contracts provide 
customers  with  the  right  to  use  one  or  more  products  up  to  a  specific  license  capacity.  Certain  terms  of  our  license 
agreements  stipulate  that  customers  can  exceed  pre-determined  base  capacity  levels,  in  which  case  additional  fees  are 
specified in the license agreement. Term license revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the license contract, and 
ratable license revenue is recognized over the term of the associated bundled maintenance and support contract.  

Version 15.5 and future releases of the perpetual license is a cloud and perpetual license hybrid software which 
represents a service contract under ASC 605-25. The cloud components are essential to the functionality of version 15.5 
and future releases, and we have a contractual obligation to deliver these cloud components. Per ASC 605-25, a delivered 
item is considered a separate unit of accounting only if (i) the delivered item has standalone value; and (ii) if the service 
contract has a general right of return, then delivery and performance of the undelivered item is probable and substantially 
within the vendor’s control. We cannot separate the cloud components because there is no standalone value of the cloud 
components. The perpetual license revenue is recognized over the economic life of the software which was determined to 
be three years. 

Maintenance and Support Revenue  

Maintenance and support revenue consists of customers purchasing maintenance and support for our on-premise 
software.  We  use  VSOE  of  fair  value  for  maintenance  and  support  to  account  for  the  arrangement  using  the  residual 
method, regardless of any separate prices stated within the contract for each element. Maintenance and support revenue is 
recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance contract, which is typically one year. Maintenance and support is 

33 

renewable by the customer on an annual basis. Maintenance and support rates, including subsequent renewal rates, are 
typically established based upon a specified percentage of net license fees as set forth in the arrangement.  

Legacy License Revenue  

Legacy license revenue consists of perpetual license rights sold to customers to use our software in conjunction with 
related maintenance and support services. If an acceptance period is required, revenue is recognized upon the earlier of 
customer acceptance or the expiration of the acceptance period. In software arrangements that include rights to multiple 
software products and/or services, we use the residual method for perpetual licenses released as version 15 or prior under 
which revenue is allocated to the undelivered elements based on VSOE of the fair value of such undelivered elements. The 
residual amount of revenue is allocated to the delivered elements and recognized as revenue, assuming all other criteria 
for revenue recognition have been met. Such undelivered elements in these arrangements typically consist of software 
maintenance and support, implementation and consulting services and, in some cases, cloud services. 

Professional Services Revenue  

Professional services revenue includes system implementation, consulting and training. For license transactions, the 
majority of our consulting and implementation services qualify for separate accounting. We use VSOE of fair value for 
the services to account for the arrangement using the residual method, regardless of any separate prices stated within the 
contract for each element. Our consulting and implementation service contracts are bid either on a fixed-fee basis or on a 
time-and-materials  basis.  Substantially  all  of  our  contracts  are  on  a  time-and-materials  basis.  For  time-and-materials 
contracts, where the services are not essential to the functionality, we recognize revenue as services are performed. If the 
services are essential to functionality, then both the product license revenue and the service revenue are recognized under 
the percentage of completion method. For a fixed-fee contract, we recognize revenue based upon the costs and efforts to 
complete the services in accordance with the percentage of completion method, provided we are able to estimate such cost 
and efforts.  

Under ASC 605-25, in order to account for deliverables in a multiple-deliverable arrangement as separate units of 
accounting,  the  deliverables  must  have  standalone  value  upon  delivery.  For  cloud  services,  in  determining  whether 
professional services have standalone value, we consider the following factors for each professional services agreement: 
availability of the services from other vendors, the nature of the professional services, the timing of when the professional 
services contract was signed in comparison to the subscription service start date and the contractual dependence of the 
subscription service on the customer’s satisfaction with the professional services work.  

We  have  standalone  value  for  consulting  and  implementation  services.  For  those  contracts  that  have  standalone 
value, we recognized the services revenue when rendered for time and material contracts, when the milestones are achieved 
and  accepted  by  the  customer  for  fixed  price  contracts  or  by  percentage  of  completion  basis  if  there  is  no  acceptance 
criteria. 

Training revenue that meets the criteria to be accounted for separately is recognized when training is provided.  

Deferred Revenue  

Deferred revenue primarily consists of payments received in advance of revenue recognition from cloud, term and 
ratable license, and maintenance and support services and is recognized as the revenue recognition criteria are met. We 
generally invoice customers in annual or quarterly installments. The deferred revenue balance does not represent the total 
contract value of annual or multi-year, non-cancelable cloud or maintenance and support agreements. Deferred revenue is 
influenced by several factors, including seasonality, the compounding effects of renewals, invoice duration, invoice timing 
and new business linearity within the quarter.  

Deferred revenue that will be recognized during the succeeding twelve-month period is recorded as current deferred 
revenue and the remaining portion is recorded as noncurrent. As of June 30, 2017, deferred revenue increased to $23.2 
million compared to $15.7 million as of June 30, 2016.  

34 

Deferred Commissions  

Deferred commissions are the direct and incremental costs directly associated with cloud and term license contracts 

with customers and consist of sales commissions to our direct sales force.  

The commissions are deferred and amortized over the terms of the related customer contracts, which are typically 
12 to 36 months. The commission payments are paid based on contract terms in the month following the quarter in which 
the  commissions  are  earned.  The  deferred  commission  amounts  are  recognized  as  sales  and  marketing  expense  in  the 
consolidated statements of operations over the terms of the related customer contracts, in proportion to the recognition of 
the associated revenue.  

Stock-Based Compensation  

We  account  for  stock-based  compensation  in  accordance  with  ASC  718,  Compensation —  Stock  Compensation. 
Under the fair value recognition provisions of ASC 718, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based 
on the fair value of the award and is recognized as an expense over the vesting period. Determining the fair value of the 
stock-based awards at the grant date requires significant judgment and the use of estimates, particularly surrounding Black-
Scholes  valuation  assumptions  such  as  stock  price  volatility  and  expected  option  lives.  We  determine  the  appropriate 
measure of expected volatility by reviewing historic volatility in the share price of our common stock, as adjusted for 
certain events that management deems to be non-recurring and non-indicative of future events. We base our estimate of 
expected life on the historical exercise behavior, cancellations of all past option grants made by us during the time period 
in which our equity shares have been publicly traded, the contractual term, the vesting period and the expected remaining 
term of the option. Based on our historical experience of option pre-vesting cancellations, we have assumed an annualized 
14.93% forfeiture rate for our options. We record additional expense if the actual forfeiture rate is lower than we estimated, 
and record a recovery of prior expense if the actual forfeiture is higher than what we estimated.  

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets  

In accordance with ASC 350, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, we review goodwill annually for impairment 
or sooner whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that they may be impaired. These events or circumstances 
could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition, or 
sale  or  disposition  of  a  significant  portion  of  a  reporting  unit.  In  addition,  we  evaluate  purchased  intangible  assets  to 
determine that all such assets have determinable lives. We operate under a single reporting unit and accordingly, all of our 
goodwill  is  associated  with  the  entire  company.  We  early  adopted  Accounting  Standards  Update  (ASU)  2017-04, 
Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, in 2017 and had no impairment due to a negative carrying amount of our reporting unit. 
We performed an annual impairment review for fiscal year 2016 and found no impairment.  

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts  

We extend unsecured credit to customers on a regular basis. Our accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned 
from customers and are not interest bearing. We also maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts to reserve for potential 
uncollectible  trade receivables. We review our  trade  receivables  by  aging  category  to  identify  specific  customers  with 
known disputes or collectability issues. We exercise judgment when determining the adequacy of these reserves as we 
evaluate historical bad debt trends, general economic conditions in the U.S. and internationally, and changes in customer 
financial conditions. If we make different judgments or utilize different estimates, then material differences may result in 
additional reserves for trade receivables, which would be reflected by charges in general and administrative expenses for 
any period presented. We write-off a receivable after all collection efforts have been exhausted and the amount is deemed 
uncollectible.  

Leases  

Lease agreements are evaluated to determine whether they are capital or operating leases in accordance with ASC 

840, Leases. When any one of the four test criteria in ASC 840 is met, the lease then qualifies as a capital lease.  

Capital leases are capitalized at the lower of the net present value of the total amount payable under the leasing 
agreement (excluding finance charges) or the fair market value of the leased asset. Capital lease assets are depreciated on 

35 

a  straight-line  basis,  over  a  period  consistent  with  our  normal  depreciation  policy  for  tangible  fixed  assets,  but  not 
exceeding the lease term. Interest charges are expensed over the period of the lease in relation to the carrying value of the 
capital lease obligation.  

Rent expense for operating leases, which may include free rent or fixed escalation amounts in addition to minimum 

lease payments, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the duration of each lease term.  

Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance  

When we prepare our consolidated financial statements, we estimate our income tax liability for each of the various 
jurisdictions  where  we  conduct  business.  This  requires  us  to  estimate  our  actual  current  tax  exposure  and  to  assess 
temporary differences that result from differing treatment of certain items for tax and accounting purposes. The net deferred 
tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based upon weighted available evidence, it is more likely than not that 
some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We must make significant judgments to determine our provision 
for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance to be recorded against our net deferred 
tax assets. As of June 30, 2017, we had a valuation allowance of approximately $83.7 million of which approximately 
$80.2 million was attributable to U.S. and state net operating losses and research and development credit carryforwards.  

We apply ASC 740, Income Taxes, in determining any uncertain tax positions. The guidance seeks to reduce the 
diversity in practice associated with certain aspects of measurement and recognition in accounting for income taxes and 
prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of 
a  tax  position  that  an  entity  takes  or  expects  to  take  in  a  tax  return.  Additionally,  ASC  740  provides  guidance  on  de-
recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. Under ASC 740, 
an  entity  may  only  recognize  or  continue  to  recognize  tax  positions  that  meet  a  “more  likely  than  not”  threshold.  In 
accordance with our accounting policy, we recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as 
a component of other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations.  

Fair Value of Financial Instruments  

Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable 
and accrued liabilities. We do not have any derivative financial instruments. We believe the reported carrying amounts of 
these financial instruments approximate fair value, based upon their short-term nature and comparable market information 
available at the respective balance sheet dates. The carrying value of our bank borrowings and capital lease obligations 
approximates fair value based on the borrowing rates currently available to us for loans and capital leases with similar 
terms. 

36 

Results of Operations  

The following table sets forth certain items reflected in our consolidated statements of operations expressed as a 

percent of total revenue for the periods indicated.  

Revenue: 

     2017 

       2016 

     2015   

Recurring  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Legacy license  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

 62 %   
 21 %   
 17 %   
Total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       100 %     100 %   
 18 %   
 — %   
 16 %   
 34 %   
 66 %   

Cost of recurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Cost of legacy license  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Cost of professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Total cost of revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Gross profit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

 20 %   
 — %   
 16 %   
 36 %   
 64 %   

 75 %   
 8 %   
 17 %   

 56 %
 24 %
 20 %
 100 %
 16 %
 — %
 23 %
 39 %
 61 %

Operating Expenses: 

Research and development  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Total operating expenses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Loss from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

 24 %   
 35 %   
 11 %   
 70 %   
 (6)%   

 23 %   
 40 %   
 11 %   
 74 %   
 (8)%   

 21 %
 43 %
 12 %
 76 %
 (15)%

Revenue  

Total revenue, which consists of recurring, legacy license and professional services revenue, was $58.2 million, 

$69.4 million, and $75.9 million, in fiscal years 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively.  

In fiscal year 2017, total revenue decreased 16% or $11.2 million, from the prior year. The decrease in legacy 
license revenue in fiscal year 2017 was primarily attributable to the transition from a perpetual license business toward a 
cloud delivery model. Our international sales accounted for approximately 51% of total revenue in fiscal year 2017, an 
increase from 50% of total revenue in fiscal year 2016. The impact of the foreign exchange fluctuation between the U.S. 
dollar,  the  Euro  and  British  pound  in  total  revenue  was  $4.8  million  and  $2.1  million  in  fiscal  years  2017  and  2016, 
respectively. One customer accounted for 13% of total revenue in fiscal year 2017. Two customers accounted for 14% and 
10% of total revenue in fiscal year 2016. There was one customer that accounted for 10% of total revenue in fiscal year 
2015.  

Recurring Revenue  

Revenue 

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 
     2016 to 2017      2015 to 2016   

(in thousands) 

Recurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 43,585  $  42,783  $ 42,311  $  802      2 %$ 472      1 %
Percentage of total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

 56 %   

 62 %  

 75 %  

Recurring revenue includes cloud, term and ratable licenses, software maintenance and support revenue. Recurring 
revenue  was  $43.6  million,  $42.8  million,  and  $42.3  million  in  fiscal  years  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  respectively.  This 
represented an increase of 2% or $802,000 in fiscal year 2017 compared to fiscal year 2016 and an increase of 1% or 
$472,000 in fiscal year 2016 compared to fiscal year 2015. Recurring revenue represented 75%, 62%, and 56% of total 
revenue for the fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  

The increase in fiscal year 2017 was primarily due to the strategic decision to move to a ratable or cloud delivery 
business  model  from  the  hybrid  model  that  included  legacy  perpetual  licenses.    The  impact  from  foreign  currency 
fluctuations was a decrease of $3.4 million in fiscal year 2017. 

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The increase in fiscal year 2016 was primarily an increase in cloud revenue due to the shift from a perpetual license 
business toward a cloud delivery model and the improved renewal rate.  The impact from foreign currency fluctuations 
was a decrease of $1.2 million in fiscal year 2016.  

Excluding the impact from any future foreign currency fluctuation, we expect recurring revenue to increase in fiscal 

year 2018 due to the shift from a legacy perpetual license business toward a cloud delivery model. 

Legacy license Revenue  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

      2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

2015 to 2016 

Revenue 

Legacy license  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Percentage of total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

(in thousands) 

 $  18,325  $ (9,909)      (68)% $ (3,859)     (21)%

 $ 4,557  $ 14,466 
 8 %  

 21 %   

 24 %    

Legacy license revenue was $4.6 million, $14.5 million, and $18.3 million in fiscal years 2017, 2016, and 2015, 
respectively. This represents a decrease of 68% or $9.9 million in fiscal year 2017 from fiscal year 2016, compared to a 
decrease of 21% or $3.9 million in fiscal year 2016 from fiscal year 2015. Legacy license revenue represented 8%, 21%, 
and 24% of total revenue for the fiscal years 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively.  

The decrease in legacy license revenue in fiscal year 2017 was primarily attributable to the transition from perpetual 
license  business  toward  a  cloud  delivery  model.  The  impact  from  the  foreign  currency  fluctuations  on  legacy  license 
revenue was a decrease of $418,000 in fiscal year 2017. 

The decrease in legacy license revenue in fiscal year 2016 was primarily attributable to the shift from perpetual 
license  business  toward  a  cloud  delivery  model.  The  impact  from  the  foreign  currency  fluctuations  on  legacy  license 
revenue was a decrease of $363,000 in fiscal year 2016.  

As we no longer sell legacy licenses to new customers and are actively working to migrate all existing legacy license 

customers to our cloud delivery model, we anticipate legacy license revenue to decrease in fiscal year 2018.  

Professional Services Revenue  

Revenue 

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

2015 to 2016 

(in thousands) 

Professional services  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 10,073 
Percentage of total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 17 %   

 $  12,126  $ 15,277 
 17 %  

 20 %     

 $ (2,053)     (17)% $ (3,151)     (21)%

Professional services revenue was $10.1 million, $12.1 million, and $15.3 million in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 
2015, respectively. This represented a decrease of 17%, or $2.1 million in fiscal year 2017 compared to fiscal year 2016 
and a decrease of 21%, or $3.2 million in fiscal year 2016 compared to fiscal year 2015.  

The decrease in professional services revenue in fiscal year 2017 was primarily attributable to a continued reduction 
in time required for an average implementation project as a result of the improvements to our product deployment process. 
The impact from foreign currency fluctuation was an increase of $987,000. 

The decrease in professional services revenue in fiscal year 2016 was primarily attributable to a reduction in time 
required for an average implementation project as a result of the improvements to our product deployment process. The 
impact from foreign currency fluctuation was an increase of $468,000.  

Excluding  the  impact  from  any  future  foreign  currency  fluctuations,  we  expect  professional  services  revenue  to 

increase or remain relatively constant in fiscal year 2018.   

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Cost of Revenue  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

2015 to 2016 

Cost of revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  21,199  $ 23,689 

 $  29,141  $ (2,490)      (11)%$  (5,452)     (19)%

(in thousands) 

Percentage of total revenue . . . . . .    
Gross margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

 36 %  
 64 %  

 34 %   
 66 %   

 39 %    
 61 %    

Total  cost  of  revenue  was  $21.2  million,  $23.7  million,  and  $29.1  million  in  fiscal  years  2017,  2016  and  2015, 
respectively. This represented a decrease of 11% or $2.5 million in fiscal year 2017 compared to fiscal year 2016 and a 
decrease of 19% or $5.5 million in fiscal year 2016 compared to fiscal year 2015.  

Total cost of revenue as a percentage of total revenue was 36%, 34%, and 39% for fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, 

respectively.  

The  decrease  in  fiscal  year  2017  was  primarily  due  to  decreases  of  (i)  international  subsidiaries’  expenses  of 
approximately $1.4 million related to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against the Euro, British pound, and Indian rupee; 
(ii) $1.4 million in personnel and personnel-related expenses primarily in professional services related to the improved 
efficiency  in  customer  system  implementations;  and  (iii)  $438,000  in  outside  consulting  expense  partially  offset  by 
increases of (i) $676,000 in cloud related expenses due to increased costs incurred to migrate from the use of traditional 
data centers to web-based services; and (ii) $22,000 in license related expenses. 

The decrease in fiscal year 2016 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $4.4 million in personnel and personnel-related 
expenses; (ii) international subsidiaries’ expenses of approximately $970,000 related to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar 
against  the  Euro,  British  pound,  and  Indian  rupee;  and  (iii) $376,000  in  outside  consulting  expense partially  offset  by 
increases of (i) $240,000 in cloud related expenses such as hosted network and lease cost paid to remote co-location centers 
and (ii) $26,000 in intangible amortization of customer relationships related to acquired maintenance contracts. 

Gross margin was 64%, 66% and 61% for fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  

In order to better understand the changes within our cost of revenue and resulting gross margins, we have provided 

the following discussion of the individual components of our cost of revenue.  

Cost of Recurring  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

  2015 to 2016   

Cost of recurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  11,956  $ 12,401  $  12,082  $ (445)      (4)%$ 319      3 %

Percentage of recurring revenue  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gross margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 27 %  
 73 %  

 29 %  
 71 %  

 29 %    
 71 %    

(in thousands) 

Cost of recurring revenue includes personnel costs for our cloud services and maintenance and support, and to a 
lesser extent occupancy costs and related overhead. It also includes depreciation of capital equipment used in our hosted 
network, cost of support for the third-party software, and lease costs paid to remote co-location centers.  

Total cost of recurring revenue was $12.0 million, $12.4 million, and $12.1 million in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 
2015, respectively. This represented a decrease of 4% or $445,000 in fiscal year 2017 compared to fiscal year 2016 and an 
increase  of  3%,  or  $319,000  in  fiscal  year  2016  compared  to  fiscal  year  2015.  Total  cost  of  recurring  revenue  as  a 
percentage of total recurring revenue was 27% (a gross margin of 73%) in fiscal year 2017. Total cost of recurring revenue 
as a percentage of total recurring revenue was 29% (a gross margin of 71%) in fiscal years 2016 and 2015.  

The decrease in cost of recurring revenue in fiscal year 2017 was primarily due to decreases of (i) international 
subsidiaries’ expenses of approximately $689,000 from foreign exchange fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, 
British pound and Indian rupee; (ii) $252,000 in personnel and personnel-related expenses; and (iii) $180,000 in outside 

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consulting services partially offset by an increase of (i) $676,000 in cloud related expenses due to increased costs incurred 
to migrate from the use of traditional data centers to web-based services.  

The increase in cost of recurring revenue in fiscal year 2016 was primarily due to increases of (i) $276,000 in cloud 
related expenses; (ii) $221,000 in personnel and personnel-related expenses; (iii) $162,000 in outside consulting services; 
and (iv) $26,000 in intangible amortization of customer relationships related to acquired maintenance contracts partially 
offset  by  a  decrease  of  international  subsidiaries’  expenses  of  approximately  $364,000  from  the  foreign  exchange 
fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, British pound and Indian rupee.  

Excluding  the  impact  from  any  future  foreign  currency  fluctuations,  we  anticipate  cost  of  recurring  revenue  to 
increase slightly or remain relatively constant and recurring revenue as well as gross margin to increase in fiscal year 2018. 

Cost of Legacy License  

Cost of legacy license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  50 

$   29 

$   61     $ 21      72 %$ (32)     (52)%

  Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2015 
  2017  

2016   

Year-Over-Year Change 
  2016 to 2017    2015 to 2016    

(in thousands) 

Percentage of legacy license revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gross margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 1 %    

 - %     
   99 %     100 %     100 %     

 - %    

Cost of legacy license primarily includes third-party software royalties and delivery costs for shipments to customers. 
Total cost of legacy license was $50,000, $29,000 and $61,000 in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. This 
represented an increase of 72% or $21,000 in fiscal year 2017 compared to 2016 and a decrease of 52% or $32,000 in 
fiscal  year  2016  compared  to  2015.  Total  cost  of  legacy  license  as  a  percentage  of  total  legacy  license  revenue  was 
approximately 1% (a gross margin of 99%) in fiscal year 2017. Total cost of legacy license as a percentage of total legacy 
license revenue was approximately 0% (a gross margin of 100%) in fiscal years 2016 and 2015.  

The increase in cost of legacy license in fiscal year 2017 was primarily due to increase in third party royalty expense. 

The decrease in cost of legacy license in fiscal year 2016 was primarily due to decrease in third party royalty expense.  

We anticipate cost of legacy license to remain relatively constant in future periods but to increase as a percentage of 

legacy license revenue as we expect legacy license revenue to decline.  

Cost of Professional Services  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

2015 to 2016 

Cost of professional services  . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  9,193     $  11,259     $  16,998     $ (2,066)      (18)% $ (5,739)     (34)%

Percentage of professional services . . . . . .  
Gross margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

 91 %   
 9 %   

 93 %   
 7 %   

 111 %     
 (11)%     

(in thousands) 

Cost of professional services includes personnel costs for consulting services, and to a lesser extent occupancy costs 
and related overhead. Total cost of professional services was $9.2 million, $11.3 million and $17.0 million in fiscal years 
2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. This represented a decrease of 18% or $2.1 million in fiscal year 2017 compared to 
fiscal year 2016 and a decrease of 34% or $5.7 million in fiscal year 2016 compared to fiscal year 2015. Total cost of 
professional services as a percentage of total professional services revenue was 91% (gross margin of 9%) in fiscal year 
2017 compared to 93% (gross margin of 7%) in fiscal year 2016 and 111% (a negative gross margin of 11%) in fiscal year 
2015.  

The decrease in cost of professional services in fiscal year 2017 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $1.8 million 
in  personnel  and  personnel-related  expense  from  the  decreased  headcount;  and  (ii)  $258,000  in  outside  consulting 
expenses. The decrease in personnel costs and improved gross margin was due to a decrease in personnel costs and the 

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reduction in time required for an average implementation project as a result of improvements to our product development 
process. 

The decrease in cost of professional services in fiscal year 2016 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $4.6 million 
in  personnel  and  personnel-related  expense  from  the  decreased  headcount;  (ii)  international  subsidiaries’  expenses  of 
approximately $606,000 from the foreign exchange fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, British pound and the 
Indian rupee and (iii) $538,000 in outside consulting expenses. The decrease in personnel costs and improved gross margin 
was due to the reduction in time required for an average implementation project as a result of improvements to our product 
development process.  

Excluding the impact from any future foreign currency fluctuations, we anticipate cost of professional services to 

increase or remain relatively constant and gross margin to increase or remain relatively constant in future periods. 

Research and Development  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

  2015 to 2016   

2015 
(in thousands) 

Research and development  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  13,753     $  16,063     $  16,042     $  (2,310)     (14)%$ 21      — %

Percentage of total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 24 %   

 23 %   

 21 %   

Research and development expenses primarily consist of compensation and benefits for our engineering, product 
management and quality assurance personnel, and, to a lesser extent, occupancy costs and related overhead. Research and 
development expense was $13.8 million, $16.1 million and $16.0 million in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 
This represented a decrease of $2.3 million in fiscal year 2017 compared to fiscal year 2016 and an increase of $21,000 in 
fiscal year 2016 compared to fiscal year 2015. Total research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenue 
was 24%, 23% and 21% for fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

The decrease in research and development expense in fiscal year 2017 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $1.5  
million  in  personnel  and  personnel-related  expenses  consisting  of  $925,000  in  personnel  expenses  and  a  reduction  of 
$544,000  in  overhead  expenses;  (ii)  international  subsidiaries’  expenses  of  approximately  $653,000  from  the  foreign 
exchange fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, British pound and the Indian rupee; and (iii) $148,000 in outside 
consulting services. 

Research and development expense in fiscal year 2016 was consistent with fiscal year 2015. 

Excluding any fluctuation of foreign exchange rates in the Euro, British pound, and Indian rupee against the U.S. 
dollar, we anticipate research and development expense to remain relatively constant as a percentage of total revenue in 
fiscal year 2018 based upon our current product development plans. 

Sales and Marketing  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

2015 to 2016 

Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  17,141      $  24,628      $  28,970      $  (7,487)     (30)%  $  (4,342)     (15)%
 (17)%
Marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total sales and marketing  . . . . . . . . . .  
 (15)%
Percentage of total revenue . . . . . . . .   

$   3,295    $   3,094    $   3,733    $ 
 201   
$  20,436    $  27,722    $  32,703    $  (7,286)  

 (639)  
 (26)%  $  (4,981)  

 40 %     

 43 %     

 35 %     

 6 %  $ 

(in thousands) 

Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of compensation and benefits for our sales, marketing and business 
development personnel, lead generation activities, advertising, trade show and other promotional costs and, to a lesser 
extent, occupancy costs and related overhead. Sales and marketing expense was $20.4 million, $27.7 million and $32.7 
million in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015 respectively. This represented a decrease of 26%, or $7.3 million in fiscal year 
2017 compared to fiscal year 2016 and a decrease of 15%, or $5.0 million in fiscal year 2016 compared to fiscal year 2015. 

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Total sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenue was 35%, 40% and 43% in fiscal years 2017, 2016 
and 2015, respectively.  

Total sales expense was $17.1 million for fiscal 2017, a decrease of 30% or $7.5 million, from $24.6 million for 
fiscal year 2016. The decrease in fiscal year 2017 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $5.9 million in personnel and 
personnel-related expense related to the decreased headcount; (ii) international subsidiaries’ expenses of approximately 
$1.1 million primarily from the foreign exchange fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, British pound and Indian 
rupee; (iii) $623,000 in intangible amortization of customer relationships related to acquired software contracts partially 
offset by an increase of (i) $125,000 in outside consulting. 

Total marketing expense was $3.3 million for fiscal 2017, an increase of 6% or $201,000 from $3.1 million for fiscal 
year  2016.  The  increase  in  fiscal  year  2017  was  primarily  due  to  increases  of  (i)  $169,000  in  outside  consulting;  (ii) 
$168,000 in marketing program expenses; (iii) $38,000 in personnel and personnel-related expense partially offset by a 
decrease  of  international  subsidiaries’  expenses  of  approximately  $174,000  primarily  from  the  foreign  exchange 
fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, British pound and Indian rupee. 

Total sales expense was $24.6 million for fiscal 2016, a decrease of 15% or $4.3 million, from $29.0 million for 
fiscal year 2015. The decrease in fiscal year 2016 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $3.0 million in personnel and 
personnel-related expense related to the decreased headcount and (ii) international subsidiaries’ expenses of approximately 
$1.5 million primarily from the foreign exchange fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, British pound and Indian 
rupee  partially  offset  by  increases  of  (i)  $129,000  in  outside  consulting  and  (ii)  $67,000  in  intangible  amortization  of 
customer relationships related to acquired software contracts. 

Total marketing expense was $3.1 million for fiscal 2016, a decrease of 17% or $639,000, from $3.7 million for 
fiscal year 2015. The decrease in fiscal year 2016 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $360,000 in marketing program 
expenses,  (ii)  international  subsidiaries’  expenses  of  approximately  $184,000  primarily  from  the  foreign  exchange 
fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, British pound and Indian rupee; (iii) $64,000 in outside consulting and (iv) 
$32,000 in personnel and personnel-related expense.  

Excluding any fluctuation of foreign exchange rates in the Euro, British pound, and Indian rupee against the U.S. 
dollar, we anticipate sales and marketing expense to decrease or remain relatively constant as a percentage of total revenue 
in fiscal year 2018.  

General and Administrative  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

2015 to 2016 

General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  6,552    $  7,774    $  9,313   $  (1,222)     (16)%$  (1,539)     (17)%
 11 %  

Percentage of total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

 11 %  

 12 %  

(in thousands) 

General  and  administrative  expenses  primarily  consist  of  compensation  and  benefits  for  our  finance,  human 
resources,  administrative  and  legal  services  personnel,  fees  for  outside  professional  services,  provision  for  doubtful 
accounts, occupancy costs and related overhead. General and administrative expense was $6.6 million, $7.8 million and 
$9.3 million in the fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. This represented a decrease of 16% or $1.2 million in 
fiscal year 2017 compared to fiscal 2016 and a decrease of 17% or $1.5 million in fiscal year 2016 compared to fiscal year 
2015. Total general and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue was 11%, 11% and 12% in fiscal years 
2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  

The decrease in fiscal year 2017 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $1.2 million in personnel and personnel-related 
expense from the decreased headcount; (ii) international subsidiaries’ expenses of approximately $345,000 primarily from 
the  foreign  exchange  fluctuation  between  the  U.S.  dollar,  the  Euro,  British  pound  and  Indian  rupee;  (iii)  $68,000  in 
intangible  amortization  of  acquired developed  software  technology;  and  (iv) $71,000  in  legal  and other  costs partially 
offset  by  increases  of  (i)  $345,000  from  outside  consulting  services,  including  accounting  and  audit  services;  and  (ii) 
$115,000 in bad debt expense. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
    
       
    
     
 
The decrease in fiscal year 2016 was primarily due to decreases of (i) $888,000 in personnel and personnel-related 
expense  from  the  decreased  headcount;  (ii)  $798,000  in  one-time  acquisition  transaction  costs;  (iii)  international 
subsidiaries’ expenses of approximately $215,000 primarily from the foreign exchange fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, 
the Euro, British pound and Indian rupee; and (iv) $33,000 from outside consulting services, including accounting and 
audit services partially offset by increases of (i) $336,000 in legal expenses as a result of a June 30, 2015 accrual reversal 
and (ii) $52,000 in bad debt expense.  

We anticipate general and administrative expenses to increase or remain relatively constant as a percentage of total 
revenue in fiscal year 2018 based upon current revenue expectations excluding the fluctuation of foreign exchange rates 
in the Euro, British pound, and Indian rupee against the U.S. dollar.  

Amortization of Stock-Based Compensation  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2015 
2016 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

2015 to 2016 

(in thousands) 

 (227)     (48)%
 476     $ (118)     (47)%$ 
Cost of revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  131     $ 
Research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 (36)%
 (264)  
 (40)%  
 736       (191)  
   281      
Sales and marketing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 (71)%
 (405)  
 (53)%  
 574        (89)  
 80      
 (44)%
 (41)%  
   175      
General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 (233)  
 531       (123)  
Total stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 (49)%
 (44)%$  (1,129)  
$  667    $  1,188    $  2,317    $ (521)  
Percentage of total revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

 249     $ 
 472      
 169      
 298      

 3 %       

 1 %   

 2 %   

Stock-based  compensation  expenses  include  the  amortization of  the  fair  value of  share-based payments  made  to 
employees, members of our board of directors and consultants, primarily in the form of stock options. The fair value of 
stock options granted is recognized as an expense as the underlying stock options vest.  The decrease in our stock-based 
compensation expense in fiscal 2017 was primarily due to the decrease in Company-wide headcount as well as a decrease 
in option grant activity. The decrease in our stock-based compensation expense in fiscal 2016 was primarily due to the 
decrease in Company-wide headcount as well as decrease in option grant activity.  

We value our share-based payments under ASC 718, and record compensation expense for all share-based payments 

made to employees based on the fair value at the date of the grant.  

We expect our stock-based compensation expense to increase in fiscal year 2018 based on anticipated hiring and/or 

stock price increases. Refer also to Subsequent Event (Note 12) regarding the repricing of certain options.   

Loss from Operations  

Fiscal Year Ended June 30 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Year-Over-Year Change 

2016 to 2017 

2015 to 2016 

Operating loss  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  (3,725)     $  (5,873)    $  (11,286)    $  2,148      37 % $  5,413      48 %
 (6) %   

Operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 (15)%   

 (8)%   

(in thousands) 

Loss from operations was $3.7 million in fiscal year 2017 compared to loss from operations of $5.9 million in fiscal 
year 2016 and loss from operations of $11.3 million in fiscal year 2015. We recorded a negative operating margin of 6%, 
8% and 15% in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  

The  decrease  in  operating  loss  in  fiscal  year  2017  was  due  to  a  decrease  in  total  cost  of  revenue  and  operating 
expenses of $13.3 million partially offset by a decrease in revenue of $11.2 million. The decrease in revenue was primarily 
due to a decrease in new legacy license transactions, as we transition to a cloud delivery model, and professional services 
revenue. The impact of fluctuations of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar on revenue was a decrease of $4.8 million. 
The decrease in total costs and operating expenses was primarily due to decreases of (i) $9.8 million in personnel-related 
costs; (ii) $3.7 million in international expenses from the foreign exchange fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, 
British pound and Indian rupee; (iii) $691,000 in intangible amortization from prior acquisition; and (iv) $71,000 in legal 
and other costs partially offset by increases of (i) $639,000 cloud related expenses; (ii) $168,000 in marketing program 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
           
  
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
    
       
      
  
 
 
expenses; (iii) $115,000 in bad debt expense; and (iv) $52,000 in outside consulting services which includes accounting, 
audit and investor relations fees.  

The decrease in operating loss in fiscal year 2016 was due to a decrease in total costs of revenue and operating 
expenses of $12.0 million partially offset by a decrease in revenue of $6.5 million. The decrease in revenue was primarily 
due to a decrease in new license transactions and professional services revenue. The impact of any fluctuation of foreign 
currencies against the U.S. dollar on revenue was a decrease of $2.1 million. The decrease in total costs and operating 
expenses was primarily due to decreases of (i) $7.8 million in in personnel-related costs; (ii) $3.3 million in international 
expenses from the foreign exchange fluctuation between the U.S. dollar, the Euro, British pound and Indian rupee; (iii) 
$798,000 in one-time acquisition transaction costs; (iv) $551,000 in outside consulting services which includes accounting, 
audit  and  investor  relations  fees  and  (v)  $360,000  in  marketing  program  expenses  partially  offset  by  increases  of  (i) 
$321,000 in legal expenses as a result of a June 30, 2015 accrual reversal; (ii) $270,000 in intangible amortization from 
acquisition; (iii) $245,000 cloud related expenses and (iv) $45,000 in bad debt expense. 

Interest Expense, Net  

Net interest expense was $1.7 million, $2.0 million and $834,000 in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 
This represents a decrease of 12% or $228,000 in fiscal year 2017, compared to fiscal year 2016 and an increase of 135% 
or $1.1 million in fiscal year 2016, compared to fiscal year 2015. Interest income was not significant in any year. 

The decrease in interest expense in fiscal year 2017 was primarily due to the repayment of bank borrowings resulting 

in lower average indebtedness. 

The  increase  in  interest  expense  in  fiscal  years  2016  and  2015  was  primarily  due  to  interest  incurred  on  bank 

borrowings and capital leasing agreements. 

Other Income (Expense), Net  

Other expense, net, was $32,000 in fiscal year 2017, compared to other income, net, of $728,000 in fiscal year 2016 
and other income, net, of $11,000 in fiscal year 2015. Other income and expense in fiscal years 2017 and 2016 primarily 
included the foreign exchange loss and gain on international trade receivables. Other expense and income in fiscal year 
2015 was primarily due to (i) $359,000 reclassification of the accumulated translation expense recorded when liquidating 
our Inference, SiteBridge and Australia subsidiaries, and (ii) $190,000 in foreign exchange loss and gain on international 
trade  receivables  due  to  the  weakening  of  the  British  pound  and  Euro  against  the  dollar  in  which  certain  sales  were 
denominated.  

Income Tax Benefit (Provision)  

Income tax provision was $533,000 in fiscal year 2017, and income tax benefit was $863,000 in fiscal year 2016. 
Income tax provision was $320,000 in fiscal year 2015. The tax provision in fiscal year 2017 primarily relates to foreign 
and state provisions. The federal provision was fully provided with a valuation allowance. The tax benefit in fiscal year 
2016 primarily relates to the release of valuation allowance against deferred tax assets in the United Kingdom and reversal 
of the intangible amortization generated and benefited by Exony Limited (Exony) which was acquired in fiscal year 2015, 
partially offset by the income tax provision for foreign subsidiaries.  

New Accounting Pronouncements  

For information with respect to recent accounting pronouncements and the impact of these pronouncements on our 
consolidated financial statements, see Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 Financial 
Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report.  

44 

Liquidity and Capital Resources  

Overview  

As of June 30, 2017 and 2016, our cash and cash equivalents were $10.6 million and $11.8 million, respectively. 
Our working capital was a negative $7.7 million as of June 30, 2017, compared to a negative working capital of $886,000 
as of June 30, 2016. As of June 30, 2017, our deferred revenue was $23.2 million, compared to $15.7 million as of June 
30, 2016. Unbilled deferred revenue, representing business that is contracted but not yet  invoiced or collected and off 
balance sheet, was $37.0 million as of June 30, 2017, up from $31.1 million as of June 30, 2016. 

As of June 30, 2017 and 2016, our restricted cash was $6,000 and $5,000, respectively. The increase was primarily 

attributed to foreign exchange movement. 

On November 21, 2014, we entered into a new $20 million credit facility with Wells Fargo Bank to be used for 
working capital and support our strategic growth plans. The facility, which includes a $10 million, five-year term loan and 
a $10 million revolver, replaces our prior credit facility with Comerica Bank.  For the term loan, we must make quarterly 
installments  of  principal  at  varying  amounts,  plus  all  accrued  interest,  at  specified  dates  through  the  maturity  date  of 
November 21, 2019, at which time remaining amounts shall be immediately due and payable.  

On September 1, 2015, we amended the credit facility with Wells Fargo to increase the revolver from $10 million 
to $15 million and increased the quarterly installments of principal at varying amounts, plus all accrued interest, at specified 
dates through the maturity date which remained unchanged at November 21, 2019. 

Based upon our fiscal year 2018 plan, we believe that existing capital resources will enable us to maintain current 
and planned operations for at least the next 12 months. From time to time, however, we may consider opportunities for 
raising additional capital and/or exchanging all or a portion of our existing debt for equity. We can make no assurances 
that such opportunities will be available to us on economic terms we consider favorable, if at all.  

If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, our ability to achieve or sustain positive cash flows, maintain 
current  operations,  fund  any  potential  expansion,  take  advantage  of  unanticipated  opportunities,  develop  or  enhance 
products or services, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures would be significantly limited. Our expectations as to 
our future cash flows and our future cash balances are subject to a number of assumptions, including assumptions regarding 
anticipated increases in our revenue, the mix of new cloud and license business, our ability to retain existing customers 
and customer purchasing and payment patterns, many of which are beyond our control.  

Cash Flows  

Net cash provided by operating activities was $5.4 million in fiscal year 2017 compared to net cash provided by 
operating  activities  of  $1.9  million  in  fiscal  year  2016.  In  fiscal  year  2017,  net  cash  provided  by  operating  activities 
increased $3.5 million over fiscal year 2016 primarily due to lower net loss after adjusting for amortization of acquired 
intangibles, depreciation and amortization, amortization of deferred commissions, stock-based compensation, provision 
for doubtful accounts, amortization of deferred financing costs, and changes in working capital accounts, specifically a 
decrease in accounts receivables and an increase in deferred revenue due to timing of prepayments received for cloud 
customer renewals. 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1.9 million in fiscal year 2016 compared to net cash used in operating 
activities of $10.5 million in fiscal year 2015. The decrease in cash used was primarily due to a net loss of $6.2 million for 
the  fiscal  year  2016  compared  to  a  net  loss  of  $12.4  million  in  the  comparable  year-ago  period  after  adjusting  for 
depreciation,  amortization  of  deferred  commissions,  deferred  financing  costs,  and  intangible  assets,  stock-based 
compensation, and changes in working capital accounts. Decreases in accrued compensation related to the settlement of 
Exony working capital and management incentive commitments, deferred revenue and accounts receivable decreased due 
to the timing of prepayments received for cloud customer renewals and improved cash collections led to the improvement 
in  cash  used  in  operations,  as  well.  The  increase  in  accrued  liabilities  was  primarily  due  to  the  increase  in  customer 
advances. 

45 

Net cash used in operating activities was $10.5 million in fiscal year 2015 compared to net cash used in operating 
activities of $4.7 million in fiscal year 2014. In fiscal year 2015, net cash used by operating activities increased $5.8 million 
over fiscal year 2014 primarily due to lower net income after adjusting for depreciation and amortization, amortization of 
deferred commissions, stock-based compensation, and changes in working capital accounts specifically, the addition of 
acquired intangible amortization of $2.5 million and increases in deferred revenue due to the addition of acquired customer 
balances  from  our  Exony  acquisition,  accounts  receivable  due  to  timing  of  prepayments  received  for  cloud  customer 
renewals, accrued liabilities due to the addition of working capital and other consideration accrued as part of the Exony 
acquisition and accrued compensation due to acquired liabilities from our Exony acquisition. 

Net cash used in investing activities was $492,000 in fiscal year 2017. Net cash used in investing activities primarily 
related to purchases of equipment and software of $492,000 to support the increase in investment for cloud infrastructure 
and equipment for new employees.  

Net cash provided by investing activities was $74,000 in fiscal year 2016. Net cash provided by investing activities 
in fiscal year 2016 primarily related to a decrease of $621,000 in restricted cash partially offset by $547,000 of equipment 
and software purchases.  

Net  cash  used  in  investing  activities  was  $3.4  million  in  fiscal  year  2015.  Net  cash  used  in  investing  activities 
primarily  related  to  (i)  $1.9  million  of  cash  paid  for  the  acquisition  of  Exony,  net  of  cash  acquired  (ii)  an  increase  in 
restricted cash of $779,000 related to escrow funds reserved for the payment of Exony management incentive bonuses and 
(iii) $741,000 of equipment and software purchases. 

Net  cash  used  in  financing  activities  was  $6.0  million  in  fiscal  year  2017.  Net  cash  used  in  financing  activities  
primarily  included  payments  of  $14.0  million  on  existing  bank  borrowings,  payments  of  $329,000  on  capital  lease 
obligations, and payments of $130,000 made for debt issue costs partially offset by proceeds from bank borrowings of 
$8.5 million and proceeds from exercise of stock options of $11,000.  

Net  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  was  $1.7  million  in  fiscal  year  2016.  Net  cash  provided  by  financing 
activities  primarily  related  to  (i)  $11.8  million  in  bank  borrowings  from  our  bank  facility  to  fund  operations  and  (ii) 
$172,000 from the exercise of stock options partially offset by (i) $9.5 million repayment of existing bank borrowings; (ii) 
$498,000 payments on capital lease obligations and (iii) $270,000 payments for debt issue costs.   

Net cash provided by financing activities was $13.6 million in fiscal year 2015. Net cash provided by financing 
activities primarily related to (i) $26.5 million in borrowings from our bank facilities used to finance the majority of the 
acquisition of Exony on August 6, 2014 and to support our strategic growth plans and (ii) $339,000 from the exercise of 
stock options partially offset by (i) the repayment of $12.2 million of existing bank borrowings, (ii) $550,000 payments 
made for debt issue costs, and (iii) $434,000 principal payments on capital lease obligations.  

Commitments  

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of June 30, 2017 and the effect such obligations are 

expected to have on its liquidity and cash flow in future periods (in thousands):  

Total 

1 Year 

2 - 3 Years 

4 - 5 Years 

  More than 

5 Years 

Payments Due by Period 

Operating leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $ 
Capital leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Bank borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Contractual commitments . . . . . .  
Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

$ 

 4,207      $ 

 1,172      $ 

 162 
 16,056 
 3,839 
 24,264 

  $ 

 119 
 1,000 
 981 
 3,272 

  $ 

 1,969      $ 
 43 
 15,056 
 2,858 
 19,926 

  $ 

 1,066      $ 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 1,066 

  $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements  

As  of  June  30,  2017,  we  had  no  significant  off-balance-sheet  arrangements,  as  defined  in  Item 303(a)(4)  of 

Regulation S-K.  

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
     
     
 
   
   
   
     
 
   
   
     
     
 
Quarterly Results of Operations  

The following tables set forth certain unaudited consolidated statement of operations data for the eight quarters ended 
June  30,  2017.  This  data  has  been  derived  from  unaudited  consolidated  financial  statements  that,  in  the  opinion  of 
management, include all adjustments consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of 
such information when read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto. 

The unaudited quarterly information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and 
Notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. We believe that period-to-period comparisons of our financial results 
are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance.  

  Jun. 30, 
2017 

  Mar. 31,    Dec. 31, 

2017 

2016 

  Sep. 30, 
2016 

  Jun. 30, 
2016 

  Mar. 31,    Dec. 31, 

2016 

2015 

  Sep. 30, 
2015 

(in thousands, except per share information) 

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:  . . .          
Revenue: 

Recurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 11,603 
 333 
Legacy license  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 2,685 
Professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
   14,621 
Total revenue  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 3,080 
Cost of recurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cost of legacy license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 15 
 2,318 
Cost of professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 5,413 
Total cost of revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 9,208 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

  $ 10,137 
 1,156 
 2,557 
     13,850 
 3,149 
 24 
 2,486 
 5,659 
 8,191 

  $ 10,982 
 1,418 
 2,599 
     14,999 
 2,800 
 4 
 2,259 
 5,063 
 9,936 

  $ 10,863 
 1,650 
 2,232 
     14,745 
 2,927 
 7 
 2,130 
 5,064 
 9,681 

  $ 10,828 
 3,807 
 2,987 
     17,622 
 3,065 
 5 
 2,450 
 5,520 
     12,102 

  $ 10,330 
 3,169 
 2,792 
     16,291 
 3,141 
 8 
 2,572 
 5,721 
     10,570 

  $ 10,783 
 5,064 
 3,139 
     18,986 
 3,116 
 9 
 2,851 
 5,976 
     13,010 

  $ 10,842 
 2,426 
 3,208 
     16,476 
 3,079 
 7 
 3,386 
 6,472 
     10,004 

Operating Expenses: 

Research and development  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Sales and marketing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
General and administrative  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Interest expense, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other income (expense), net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Loss before income tax benefit (provision) . . . . . . . .   
Income tax benefit (provision) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net Income (loss)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $
Per share information: 

 3,487 
 4,553 
 1,499 
 9,539 
 (331)
 (379)
 (79)
 (789)
 744 
 (45)

Basic net income (loss) per common share . . . . .   $  (0.00)
Weighted average shares used in computing 
basic net income (loss) per common share  . . . . .   
   27,114 
Diluted net income (loss) per common share . . . .   $  (0.00)
Weighted average shares used in computing 
diluted net income (loss) per common share . . . .   

   27,114 

 3,231 
 5,541 
 1,462 
     10,234 

 3,675 
 5,240 
 2,031 
     10,946 

 3,360 
 5,102 
 1,560 
     10,022 
      (1,831)     
 (470)     
 12 

 3,900 
 3,939 
 6,668 
 6,311 
 2,246 
 1,743 
     12,814 
     11,993 
 (516)       (2,810)
 109 
 (333)
 (676)     
 (437)     
 217 
 240 
 (74)     
 (111)       (2,823)       (1,266)       (2,903)
 (334)
 1,488 
  $  (3,001)   $  (1,379)   $  (3,237)
  $  (2,515)   $  (1,049)   $  (2,411)   $  1,377 

 4,208 
 7,126 
 1,892 
     13,226 
      (2,656)     
 (512)     
 345 

 (298)       (1,265)     
 (422)     
 (459)     
 108 
 (73)     

 (830)       (1,579)     
 (832)     
 (219)     

 4,016 
 7,617 
 1,893 
     13,526 

      (2,289)     
 (226)     

 (113)     

 (178)     

  $  (0.09)   $  (0.04)   $  (0.09)   $

 0.05 

  $  (0.11)   $  (0.05)   $  (0.12)

     27,105 
  $  (0.09)   $  (0.04)   $  (0.09)   $

     27,108 

     27,106 

     27,096 
 0.05 

     27,070 
     27,022 
     27,036 
  $  (0.11)   $  (0.05)   $  (0.12)

     27,105 

     27,106 

     27,108 

     27,607 

     27,070 

     27,036 

     27,022 

ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk  

We develop products in the United States and India and sell these products in the United States and internationally. 
Generally, international sales are made in local currency. As a result, our financial results could be affected by factors such 
as  changes  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates  or  weak  economic  conditions  in  foreign  markets.  Identifiable  assets 
denominated in foreign currency as of June 30, 2017 totaled approximately $8.6 million. A 10% increase in the value of 
the  dollar  relative  to  other  currencies  would  decrease  the  value  of  these  assets  by  $860,000.  We  do  not  currently  use 
derivative instruments to hedge against foreign exchange risk. As such we are exposed to market risk from fluctuations in 
foreign currency exchange rates, principally from the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Euro and the British 
pound and the Indian rupee. An unfavorable change in the foreign currency exchange rates may cause an adverse effect 
on our financial position or results of operations.  

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Interest Rate Risk  

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to interest earned on our cash and cash 
equivalents. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve our capital to fund operations. We also seek 
to  maximize  income  from  our  investments  without  assuming  significant  risk.  Our  investment  policy  provides  for 
investments in short-term, low-risk, investment-grade debt instruments. These investments are subject to interest rate risk 
and will decrease in value if market interest rates increase.  

Our cash and cash equivalents, totaling $10.6 million as of June 30, 2017, did not include any auction preferred 
stock, auction rate securities or mortgage-backed investments. We currently do not hedge interest rate exposure, and we 
do not have any foreign currency or other derivative financial instruments. To date, we have not experienced a loss of 
principal on any of our investments. Although we currently expect that our ability to access or liquidate these investments 
as needed to support our business activities will continue, we cannot ensure that this will not change. We believe that, if 
market interest rates were to change immediately and uniformly by 10% from levels as of June 30, 2017, the impact on 
the fair value of these securities or our cash flows or income would not be material.  

48 

 
 
ITEM 8. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  

eGain Corporation  
Consolidated Financial Statements  

As of June 30, 2017 and 2016 and for the years ended June 30, 2017, 2016, and 2015  

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements  

Report of BPM LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Consolidated Financial Statements: 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2017 and 2016 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) for the years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 
and 2015 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Page 
Number  
50 

51 
52 
53 

54 
55 
56 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

Board of Directors and Stockholders 
eGain Corporation 
Sunnyvale, California 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  eGain  Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries  (the 
“Company”) as of June 30, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, 
stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2017. Our audits also 
included the financial statement schedule listed in the index to this Annual Report on Form 10-K at Part IV Item 15(a)(2). 
These  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  financial  statement  schedule  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s 
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement 
schedule based on our audits.  

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether 
the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to 
perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over 
financial  reporting  as  a  basis  for  designing  audit  procedures  that  are  appropriate  in  the  circumstances,  but  not  for  the 
purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting. 
Accordingly,  we  express  no  such  opinion.  An  audit  also  includes  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  supporting  the 
amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant 
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our 
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.  

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the 
financial position of eGain Corporation and its subsidiaries as of June 30, 2017 and 2016, and the results of their operations 
and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2017 in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when 
considered in relation to the consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the 
information set forth therein.  

/s/ BPM LLP  

San Jose, California  

September 26, 2017 

50 

 
 
eGAIN CORPORATION  
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS  
(in thousands, except per share amounts)  

June 30, 

2017 

2016 

ASSETS 
Current assets: 

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $357 and $756 as of 
June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Deferred commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Prepaid expenses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other current assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Deferred commissions, net of current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Goodwill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT 
Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Accrued compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Deferred revenue  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Capital lease obligations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Bank borrowings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total current liabilities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Deferred revenue, net of current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Bank borrowings, net of current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other long term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 10,627    $ 
 6   

 11,780 
 5 

 7,201   
 690   
 1,737  
 370   
 20,631   
 1,059   
 694   
 2,748  
 13,186   
 1,433   
 39,751    $ 

 2,363    $ 
 4,339   
 2,364   
 18,332   
 108   
 805   
 28,311   
 4,887   
 42   
 14,802   
 1,330   
 49,372   

 11,876 
 787 
 1,480 
 426 
 26,354 
 1,688 
 325 
 4,839 
 13,186 
 1,671 
 48,063 

 2,099 
 5,642 
 5,670 
 12,672 
 329 
 828 
 27,240 
 3,045 
 153 
 20,223 
 1,679 
 52,340 

Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7 and 8) 
Stockholders' deficit: 

Common stock, $0.001 par value - authorized: 50,000 shares; outstanding: 27,127 
and 27,108 shares as of June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Additional paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Notes receivable from stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Accumulated deficit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total stockholders' deficit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total liabilities and stockholders' deficit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 27   
 343,367   
 (83) 
 (1,663) 
    (351,269) 
 (9,621)  
 39,751    $ 

 27 
 342,689 
 (81)
 (1,663)
    (345,249)
 (4,277)
 48,063 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements  

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
   
  
  
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
  
  
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
eGAIN CORPORATION  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS  
(in thousands, except per share information)  

Revenue: 

Years Ended June 30, 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Recurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  43,585    $  42,783   $   42,311 
Legacy license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
    18,325 
    15,277 
Professional services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
    75,913 
Total revenue  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
    12,082 
Cost of recurring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Cost of legacy license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 61 
    16,998 
Cost of professional services  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
    29,141 
Total cost of revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
    46,772 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

 4,557   
   10,073   
   58,215   
   11,956   
 50   
 9,193   
   21,199   
   37,016   

   14,466  
   12,126  
   69,375  
   12,401  
 29  
   11,259  
   23,689  
   45,686  

Operating expenses: 

     16,042 
Research and development  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
     32,703 
 9,313 
General and administrative  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
    58,058 
   (11,286)
Loss from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (834)
Interest expense, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other income (expense), net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 11 
   (12,109)
Loss before income tax benefit (provision) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income tax benefit (provision) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (320)
Net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  (6,020)   $  (6,240)  $  (12,429)
Per share information: 

     16,063 
     27,722 
 7,774  
   51,559  
    (5,873) 
    (1,958) 
 728  
    (7,103) 
 863  

 6,552   
   40,741   
    (3,725)  
    (1,730)  
 (32)  
    (5,487)  
 (533)  

   13,753 
   20,436 

Basic and diluted net loss per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $   (0.22)   $   (0.23)  $ 
Weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per 
common share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

   27,108   

   27,056  

 (0.47)

    26,609 

Below is a summary of stock-based compensation included in the costs and 
expenses above: 

Cost of revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
Research and development  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
General and administrative  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 

 131    $ 
 281    $ 
 80    $ 
 175    $ 

 249   $ 
 472   $ 
 169   $ 
 298   $ 

 476 
 736 
 574 
 531 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements  

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
   
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
    
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
    
  
   
  
  
    
       
   
  
  
 
 
 
eGAIN CORPORATION  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS  
(in thousands)  

Net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  (6,020)   $  (6,240)   $  (12,429)
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes: 

Years Ended June 30, 
2016 

2015 

2017 

 159 
Foreign currency translation adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cumulative translation adjustments from liquidation of inactive subsidiaries . . . .   
 (359)
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (200)
Total comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  (6,020)   $  (6,733)   $  (12,629)

 (493)  
 —   
 (493)  

 —   
 —   
 —   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements  

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
eGAIN CORPORATION  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)  
(in thousands)  

  Common Stock 
  Shares 

  Additional    Receivable 
  Paid-in 
  Amount   Capital 
     330,657 

From 
  Stockholders  

 25 
 —      
 —      
 1      
 —      

 —      
 —      
 338      
 2,317      

Notes 

     Accumulated         
Other 

Total 

Loss 

  Comprehensive   Accumulated    Stockholders' 
  Equity (Deficit) 
Deficit 
 3,049 
 8 
 (3)
 339 
 2,317 

 (970)       (326,580)     
 —      
 —      
 —      
 —      

 —      
 —      
 —      
 —      

 (83)      
 8      
 (3)      
 —      
 —      

BALANCES AS OF JUNE 30, 2014      25,471      
 —      
Repayment on stockholder notes . . . .     
 —      
Interest on stockholder notes . . . . . . .    
 341      
Exercise of stock options . . . . . . . . . .     
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . .     
 —      
Share issuance related to business 
combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net loss  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Foreign currency translation 
adjustments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Cumulative translation adjustment 
from liquidation of inactive 
subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

 1,210      
 —      

 —      

 — 

BALANCES AS OF JUNE 30, 2015 .      27,022     
 —      
Interest on stockholder notes . . . . . . .    
 86      
Exercise of stock options . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . .    
 —      
Net loss  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 —      
Foreign currency translation 
adjustments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
BALANCES AS OF JUNE 30, 2016 .      27,108     
 —      
Interest on stockholder notes . . . . . . .    
 19      
Exercise of stock options . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . .    
 —      
Net loss  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 — 
BALANCES AS OF JUNE 30, 2017 .      27,127 

 — 

  $ 

 1      
 —      

 8,017      
 —      

 —      
 —      

 —      
 —      

 —      
 (12,429)     

 8,018 
 (12,429)

 —      

 —      

 —      

 159      

 —      

 159 

 — 
 27 
 —      
 —      
 —      
 —      

 — 
 27 
 —      
 —      
 —      
 — 
 27 

 — 
     341,329 

 —      
 172      
 1,188      
 —      

 — 
     342,689 

 —      
 11      
 667      
 — 
  $ 343,367 

  $ 

 —      
 (78)     
 (3)      
 —      
 —      
 —      

 —      
 (81)     
 (2)      
 —      
 —      
 —      
 (83)    $ 

 (359)     
 (1,170)    
 —      
 —      
 —      
 —      

 —      
 (339,009)    
 —      
 —      
 —      
 (6,240)     

 (493)     
 (1,663)    
 —      
 —      
 —      
 —      

 —      
 (345,249)    
 —      
 —      
 —      
 (6,020)     
 (1,663)   $   (351,269)   $ 

 (359)
 1,099 
 (3)
 172 
 1,188 
 (6,240)

 (493)
 (4,277)
 (2)
 11 
 667 
 (6,020)
 (9,621)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements  

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
       
 
      
 
    
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
   
    
    
    
   
    
    
    
 
 
 
eGAIN CORPORATION  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS  
(in thousands)  

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: 
Depreciation and amortization  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Loss on disposal of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Amortization of deferred financing costs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Amortization of acquired intangibles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Stock-based compensation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Provision for doubtful accounts  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Amortization of deferred commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 

Accounts receivable, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Prepaid expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Other non-current assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accrued compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accrued liabilities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Other long term liabilities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Cash flows from investing activities: 

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Purchases of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Cash flows from financing activities: 

Payments on bank borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Payments on capital lease obligation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Proceeds from bank borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Payments made for debt issue costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Repayments on related party notes receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Effect of exchange rate differences on cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Years Ended June 30, 
2016 

2017 

2015 

$ 

 (6,020)

  $ 

 (6,240)   $  (12,429)

 1,108 
 18 
 — 
 207 
 2,091 
 667 
 303 
 884 

 4,209 
 (1,168)
 (267)
 54 
 (216)
 262 
 (1,285)
 (3,281)
 7,711 
 124 
 5,401 

 —  
 (492)
 — 
 (492)

 2,057   
 (1,406) 
 47  
 231  
 2,781  
 1,188   
 264   
 728   

 (272)  
 (1,049)  
 (586)  
 248  
 48   
 429   
 (864)  
 3,208   
 825   
 230   
 1,867   

 —  
 (547)  
 621   
 74   

 2,503 
 (268)
 — 
 79 
 2,510 
 2,317 
 194 
 1,006 

 (116)
 (794)
 (515)
 448 
 44 
 (1,093)
 (1,454)
 (1,113)
 (1,566)
 (256)
   (10,503)

 (1,905)
 (741)
 (779)
 (3,425)

    (14,000)
 (329)
 8,479 
 (130)
 11 
 — 
 (5,969)
 (93)
 (1,153)
 11,780 
 10,627 

$ 

  $ 

 (9,510)  
 (498)  
 11,837   
 (270) 
 172   
 —   
 1,731   
 (525)  
 3,147   
 8,633   
 11,780    $ 

   (12,200)
 (434)
    26,450 
 (550)
 339 
 8 
    13,613 
 163 
 (152)
 8,785 
 8,633 

Supplemental cash flow disclosures: 

Cash paid for interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Cash paid for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

$ 
$ 

 1,537 
 268 

  $ 
  $ 

 1,748    $ 
 282    $ 

 362 
 412 

Non-cash items: 

$ 
Purchases of equipment through trade accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Property and equipment acquired under a capital lease  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
$ 
Issuance of common stock in connection with business acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 15    $ 
 —    $ 
 —   $ 

 11    $ 
 250    $ 
 —   $ 

 40 
 208 
 8,018 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements 

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eGAIN CORPORATION  

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

1. SUMMARY OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Organization and Nature of Business  

eGain Corporation (“eGain”, the “Company”, “our”, “we” or “us”) is a leading provider of cloud-based customer 
engagement software. We help B2C brands operationalize digital customer engagement strategy. Our suite includes rich 
applications for digital interaction, knowledge management, and AI-based process guidance. We also provide advanced, 
integrated  analytics  for  contact  centers  and  digital  properties  to  holistically  measure,  manage,  and  optimize  resources. 
Benefits  include  reduced  customer  effort,  customer  satisfaction,  connected  service  processes,  converted  upsell 
opportunities, and improved compliance—across mobile, social, web, and phone. Hundreds of global enterprises rely on 
eGain to transform fragmented customer service systems into unified Customer Engagement Hubs. 

We have operations in the United States, United Kingdom and India. 

Principles of Consolidation  

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  eGain  and  our  wholly-owned  subsidiaries,  eGain 
Communications Ltd., Exony Limited (Exony), eGain Communications Pvt. Ltd., eGain Communications (SA), eGain 
France  S.A.R.L  and  eGain  Deutschland  GmbH.  All  significant  intercompany  balances  and  transactions  have  been 
eliminated.  

In fiscal year 2016, we closed our Italy (eGain Communications SrL), Netherlands (eGain Communications B.V. 

and Ireland (eGain Communications Ltd.) offices.  

In  fiscal  year  2015,  we  liquidated  our  Inference,  SiteBridge  and  Australia  (eGain  Communications  Pty  Ltd) 
subsidiaries and recorded a reclassification adjustment from accumulated other comprehensive loss on the consolidated 
balance sheets to other expense on the consolidated statements of operations. 

Reclassification 

Certain  reclassifications  were  made  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  to  conform  to  the  current  period 
presentation. As of June 30, 2017, we classify subscription and support revenue as recurring revenue due to the strategic 
decision  to  move  to  a  ratable  or  cloud  delivery  business  model  from  the  hybrid  model  that  included  legacy  perpetual 
licenses. These reclassifications did not result in any change in previously reported net losses, total assets or stockholders’ 
equity (deficit). 

Business Combinations  

Business combinations are accounted for at fair value under the purchase method of accounting. Acquisition costs 
are expensed as incurred and recorded in general and administrative expenses and changes in deferred tax asset valuation 
allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date affect income tax expense. The accounting for business 
combinations requires estimates and judgment as to expectations for future cash flows of the acquired business, and the 
allocation of those cash flows to identifiable intangible assets, in determining the estimated fair value for assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed. The fair values assigned to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based 
on management’s estimates and assumptions, as well as other information compiled by management, including valuations 
that utilize customary valuation procedures and techniques. If the actual results differ from the estimates and judgments 
used in these estimates, the amounts recorded in the condensed consolidated financial statements could result in a possible 
impairment  of  the  intangible  assets  and  goodwill,  or  require  acceleration  of  the  amortization  expense  of  finite-lived 
intangible assets. 

56 

Use of Estimates   

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in 
the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of 
assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements 
and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The estimates are based upon information 
available as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  

We  evaluate our  significant estimates,  including  those related  to revenue recognition,  provision for doubtful  accounts, 
valuation  of  stock-based  compensation,  valuation  of  long-lived  assets,  valuation  of  deferred  tax  assets,  and  litigation, 
among others. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be 
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of 
assets  and  liabilities  that  are not  readily  apparent from  other  sources. We refer  to  accounting estimates  of  this  type  as 
“critical accounting estimates.”  

Foreign Currency  

The functional currency of each of our international subsidiaries is the local currency of the country in which it 
operates. Assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are translated at month-end exchange rates, and revenue and 
expenses  are  translated  at  the  average  monthly  exchange  rates.  The  resulting  cumulative  translation  adjustments  are 
recorded  as  a  component  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss.  Foreign  currency  transaction  gains  and  losses  are 
included in “other income (expense), net” in the consolidated statements of operations, and resulted in a gain of $14,000, 
a gain of $697,000, and a loss of $400,000 in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Investments  

We consider all highly liquid investments with an original purchase to maturity date of three months or less to be 
cash equivalents. Time deposits held for investments that are not debt securities are included in short-term investments in 
the  consolidated  balance  sheets.  Investments  in  time  deposits  with  original  maturities  of  more  than  three  months  but 
remaining  maturities  of  less  than  one  year  are  considered  short-term  investments.  Investments  held  with  the  intent  to 
reinvest  or  hold  for  longer  than  a  year,  or  with  remaining  maturities  of  one  year  or  more,  are  considered  long-term 
investments. As of June 30, 2017 and 2016 we did not have any short-term or long-term investments.  

Cash earmarked for a specific purpose and therefore not available for immediate and general use by the Company is 
considered restricted cash. Expected usage of restricted cash within one year is classified as a current asset; expected usage 
more than a year is considered a non-current asset. As of June 30, 2017 and 2016, our restricted cash was nominal. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments  

Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable 
and accrued liabilities. We do not have any derivative financial instruments. We believe the reported carrying amounts of 
these financial instruments approximate fair value, based upon their short-term nature and comparable market information 
available at the respective balance sheet dates. The carrying value of our bank borrowings and capital lease obligations 
approximates fair value based on the borrowing rates currently available to us for loans and capital leases with similar 
terms. 

Concentration of Credit Risk  

Financial instruments that subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents 
and  trade  accounts  receivable.  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  investments  are  deposited  with  high  credit  quality 
institutions. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of default by these institutions to the extent of the amount recorded 
on the balance sheet. We invest excess cash primarily in money market funds, which are highly liquid securities that bear 
minimal risk. In addition, we have investment policies and procedures that are reviewed periodically to minimize credit 
risk. Our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash were $10.6 million as of June 30, 2017 which exceeded the FDIC 
(Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) limit.  

57 

Our  customer  base  extends  across  many  different  industries  and  geographic  regions.  Revenue  is  allocated  to 
individual countries and geographic region by customer, based on where the product is shipped to and location of services 
performed. One customer accounted for 13% of total revenue in fiscal year 2017. There were two customers that accounted 
for 10% and 14%, respectively, of total revenue in fiscal years 2016.  One customer accounted for 10% of total revenue in 
fiscal year 2015. 

We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers with outstanding receivables and generally do not require 
collateral. In addition, we established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of 
customers, historical trends and other information. Two customers accounted for 20% and 11% of accounts receivable as 
of June 30, 2017.  There were two customers that accounted for 23% and 14% of accounts receivable as of June 30, 2016. 
Two customers accounted for approximately 16% and 12%, respectively, of accounts receivable as of June 30, 2015.  

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts  

We extend unsecured credit to our customers on a regular basis. Our accounts receivable are derived from revenue 
earned from customers and are not interest bearing. We also maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts to reserve for 
potential uncollectible trade receivables. We review our trade receivables by aging category to identify specific customers 
with known disputes or collectibility issues. We exercise judgment when determining the adequacy of these reserves as 
we  evaluate  historical  bad  debt  trends,  general  economic  conditions  in  the  U.S.  and  internationally,  and  changes  in 
customer financial conditions. If we made different judgments or utilized different estimates, material differences may 
result  in  additional  reserves  for  trade  receivables,  which  would  be  reflected  by  charges  in  general  and  administrative 
expenses for any period presented. We write off a receivable after all collection efforts have been exhausted and the amount 
is deemed uncollectible.  

Property and Equipment  

Property  and  equipment  are  stated  at  cost,  net  of  accumulated  depreciation  and  amortization.  Depreciation  is 
computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the respective assets, which typically is between 
three to five years.  Leasehold improvements and leased equipment are depreciated on straight-line basis over the shorter 
of the lease term or useful life of the asset, which is typically three to five years.  

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets  

We review goodwill annually for impairment or sooner whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that 
it may be impaired. These events or circumstances could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, 
operating performance indicators, competition, or sale or disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit. In addition, 
we evaluate purchased intangible assets to determine that all such assets have determinable lives. We operate under a single 
reporting unit and accordingly, all of our goodwill is associated with the entire company. We early adopted Accounting 
Standards Update (ASU) 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, in fiscal year 2017 and had no impairment due to a 
negative carrying amount of our reporting unit. We performed an annual impairment review in June 2016 and identified 
no impairment.  

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets  

We  review  long-lived  assets  for  impairment,  including  property  and  equipment,  whenever  events  or  changes  in 
business circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss 
is recognized when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual 
disposition are less than its carrying amount. Impairment, if any, is assessed using discounted cash flows. During fiscal 
years 2017, 2016 and 2015, we did not have any such losses.  

Revenue Recognition  

We enter into arrangements to deliver multiple products or services (multiple-elements). We apply software revenue 
recognition rules and multiple-elements arrangement revenue guidance. Significant management judgments and estimates 
are  made  and  used  to  determine  the  revenue  recognized  in  any  accounting  period.  Material  differences  may  result  in 

58 

changes to the amount and timing of our revenue for any period if different conditions were to prevail. We present revenue, 
net of taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities.  

We derive revenue from three sources:  

i. 

ii. 

iii. 

Recurring fees (previously referred to as subscription and support) primarily consist of cloud revenue from 
customers  accessing  our  enterprise  cloud  computing  services,  term  and  ratable  license  revenue,  and 
maintenance and support revenue;  

Legacy license fees primarily consist of perpetual software license revenue which we no longer sell to new 
customers;  

Professional services primarily consist of consulting, implementation services and training.  

Revenues are recognized when all of the following criteria are met:  

•  Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists: Evidence of an arrangement consists of a written contract signed 
by both the customer and management prior to the end of the period. We use signed software license, services 
agreements  and  order  forms  as  evidence  of  an  arrangement  for  sales  of  software,  cloud,  maintenance  and 
support. We use signed statement of work as evidence of arrangement for professional services.  

•  Delivery or performance has occurred: Software is delivered to customers electronically, and license files are 
delivered electronically. Delivery is considered to have occurred when we provide the customer access to the 
software along with a license file and/or login credentials.  

•  Fees are fixed or determinable: We assess whether the fee is fixed or determinable based on the payment terms 
associated with the transaction. Arrangements where a significant portion of the fee is due beyond 90 days from 
delivery are generally not considered to be fixed or determinable.  

•  Collectibility is probable: We assess collectibility based on a number of factors, including the customer’s past 
payment  history  and  its  current  creditworthiness.  Payment  terms  generally  range  from  30  to  90  days  from 
invoice  date.  If  we  determine  that  collection  of  a  fee  is  not  reasonably  assured,  we  defer  the  revenue  and 
recognize it at the time collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of cash payment.  

Revenue from  sales  to  resellers  is generally  recognized  upon delivery  to  the reseller  dependent on  the  facts  and 
circumstances of the transaction, such as our understanding of the reseller’s plans to sell the software, existence of return 
provisions,  price  protection  or  other  allowances,  the  reseller’s  financial  status  and  our  experience  with  the  reseller. 
Historically sales to resellers have not included any return provisions, price protections or other allowances. 

We apply the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 985-605, Software Revenue Recognition, 
to all transactions involving the licensing of software products. In the event of a multiple element arrangement for a license 
transaction, we evaluate the transaction as if each element represents a separate unit of accounting taking into account all 
factors following the accounting standards. We apply ASC 605, Revenue Recognition, for cloud transactions to determine 
the accounting treatment for multiple elements. We also apply ASC 605-35 for fixed fee arrangements in which we use 
the percentage of completion method to recognize revenue when reliable estimates are available for the costs and efforts 
necessary to complete the implementation services. When such estimates are not available, the completed contract method 
is utilized. Under the completed contract method, revenue is recognized only when a contract is completed or substantially 
complete.  

When  legacy  perpetual  licenses  were  sold  together  with  system  implementation  and  consulting  services,  legacy 
license fees were recognized upon shipment, provided that (i) payment of the license fees were not dependent upon the 
performance of the consulting and implementation services, (ii) the services were available from other vendors, (iii) the 
services qualified for separate accounting as we have sufficient experience in providing such services, had the ability to 
estimate  cost  of  providing  such  services,  and  we  had  vendor-specific  objective  evidence,  or  VSOE,  of  fair  value,  and 
(iv) the services were not essential to the functionality of the software.  

59 

We enter into arrangements with multiple-deliverables that generally include subscription, maintenance and support, 
and professional services. We evaluate whether each of the elements in these arrangements represents a separate unit of 
accounting, as defined by ASC 605, using all applicable facts and circumstances, including whether (i) we sell or could 
readily sell the element unaccompanied by the other elements, (ii) the element has stand-alone value to the customer, and 
(iii) there is a general right of return. For revenue recognition with multiple-deliverable elements, we apply the selling 
price hierarchy, which includes VSOE, third-party evidence of selling price, or TPE, and best estimate of selling price, or 
BESP. We determine the relative selling price for a deliverable based on VSOE, if available, or BESP, if VSOE is not 
available. We determined that TPE is not a practical alternative due to differences in our service offerings compared to 
other parties and the availability of relevant third-party pricing information.  

We  determine  BESP  by  considering  our  overall  pricing  objectives  and  market  conditions.  Significant  pricing 
practices taken into consideration include our discounting practices, the size and volume of our transactions, customer 
demographic, the geographic area where services are sold, price lists, its go-to-market strategy, historical standalone sales 
and  contract  prices.  The  determination  of  BESP  is  made  through  consultation with  and  approval  by  our  management, 
taking into consideration the go-to-market strategy. As our go-to-market strategies evolve, we may modify our pricing 
practices in the future, which could result in changes in relative selling prices, including both VSOE and BESP.  

Recurring Revenue  

Cloud Revenue  

Cloud revenue consists of subscription fees along with bundled maintenance and support revenue from customers 
accessing our cloud-based service offerings. We recognize cloud services revenue ratably over the period of the applicable 
agreement as services are provided. Cloud agreements typically have an initial term of 12 to 36 months and automatically 
renew unless either party cancels the agreement. The majority of the cloud services customers purchase a combination of 
our cloud service and professional services. In some cases, the customer may also acquire a license for our software.  

We consider the applicability of ASC 985-605, on a contract-by-contract basis. In cloud based agreements, where 
the customer does not have the contractual right to take possession of the software, the revenue is recognized on a monthly 
basis  over  the  term  of  the  contract.  Invoiced  amounts  are  recorded  in  accounts  receivable  and  in  deferred  revenue  or 
revenue, depending on whether the revenue recognition criteria have been met. We consider a software element to exist 
when we determine that the customer has the contractual right to take possession of our software at any time during the 
cloud  period  without  significant  penalty  and  can  feasibly  run  the  software  on  its  own  hardware  or  enter  into  another 
arrangement with a third party to host the software. Additionally, we have established VSOE for the cloud and maintenance 
and support elements of perpetual license sales, based on the prices charged when sold separately and substantive renewal 
terms. Accordingly, when a software element exists in a cloud services arrangement, license revenue for the perpetual 
software license element is determined using the residual method and is recognized upon delivery. Revenue for the cloud 
and maintenance and support elements is recognized ratably over the contractual time period. Professional services are 
recognized as described below under Professional Services Revenue. If VSOE of fair value cannot be established for the 
undelivered elements of an agreement, the entire amount of revenue from the arrangement is recognized ratably over the 
period that these elements are delivered.  

Term and Ratable License Revenue  

Term  and  ratable  license  revenue  includes  arrangements  where  our  customers  receive  license  rights  to  use  our 
software  along  with  bundled  maintenance  and  support  services  for  the  term  of  the  contract  or  the  Company  has  not 
established VSOE for the bundled multi-year maintenance and support services. The majority of our contracts provide 
customers  with  the  right  to  use  one  or  more  products  up  to  a  specific  license  capacity.  Certain  terms  of  our  license 
agreements  stipulate  that  customers  can  exceed  pre-determined  base  capacity  levels,  in  which  case  additional  fees  are 
specified in the license agreement. Term license revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the license contract, and 
ratable license revenue is recognized over the term of the associated bundled maintenance and support contract.  

Version 15.5 and future releases of the perpetual license is a cloud and perpetual license hybrid software which 
represents a service contract under ASC 605-25. The cloud components are essential to the functionality of version 15.5 
and future releases, and we have a contractual obligation to deliver these cloud components. Per ASC 605-25, a delivered 

60 

item is considered a separate unit of accounting only if (i) the delivered item has standalone value; and (ii) if the service 
contract has a general right of return, then delivery and performance of the undelivered item is probable and substantially 
within the vendor’s control. We cannot separate the cloud components because there is no standalone value of the cloud 
components. The perpetual license revenue is recognized over the economic life of the software which was determined to 
be three years. 

Maintenance and Support Revenue  

Maintenance and support revenue consists of customers purchasing maintenance and support for our on-premise 
software.  We  use  VSOE  of  fair  value  for  maintenance  and  support  to  account  for  the  arrangement  using  the  residual 
method, regardless of any separate prices stated within the contract for each element. Maintenance and support revenue is 
recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance contract, which is typically one year. Maintenance and support is 
renewable by the customer on an annual basis. Maintenance and support rates, including subsequent renewal rates, are 
typically established based upon a specified percentage of net license fees as set forth in the arrangement.  

Legacy License Revenue  

Legacy license revenue consists of perpetual license rights sold to customers to use our software in conjunction with 
related maintenance and support services. If an acceptance period is required, revenue is recognized upon the earlier of 
customer acceptance or the expiration of the acceptance period. In software arrangements that include rights to multiple 
software products and/or services, we use the residual method for perpetual licenses released as version 15 or prior under 
which revenue is allocated to the undelivered elements based on VSOE of the fair value of such undelivered elements. The 
residual amount of revenue is allocated to the delivered elements and recognized as revenue, assuming all other criteria 
for revenue recognition have been met. Such undelivered elements in these arrangements typically consist of software 
maintenance and support, implementation and consulting services and, in some cases, cloud services. 

Professional Services Revenue  

Professional services revenue includes system implementation, consulting and training. For license transactions, the 
majority of our consulting and implementation services qualify for separate accounting. We use VSOE of fair value for 
the services to account for the arrangement using the residual method, regardless of any separate prices stated within the 
contract for each element. Our consulting and implementation service contracts are bid either on a fixed-fee basis or on a 
time-and-materials  basis.  Substantially  all  of  our  contracts  are  on  a  time-and-materials  basis.  For  time-and-materials 
contracts, where the services are not essential to the functionality, we recognize revenue as services are performed. If the 
services are essential to functionality, then both the product license revenue and the service revenue are recognized under 
the percentage of completion method. For a fixed-fee contract, we recognize revenue based upon the costs and efforts to 
complete the services in accordance with the percentage of completion method, provided we are able to estimate such cost 
and efforts.  

Under ASC 605-25, in order to account for deliverables in a multiple-deliverable arrangement as separate units of 
accounting,  the  deliverables  must  have  standalone  value  upon  delivery.  For  cloud  services,  in  determining  whether 
professional services have standalone value, we consider the following factors for each professional services agreement: 
availability of the services from other vendors, the nature of the professional services, the timing of when the professional 
services contract was signed in comparison to the subscription service start date and the contractual dependence of the 
subscription service on the customer’s satisfaction with the professional services work. 

We have standalone value for consulting and implementation services. For those contracts that have standalone value, 
we recognized the services revenue when rendered for time and material contracts, when the milestones are achieved and 
accepted by the customer for fixed price contracts or by percentage of completion basis if there is no acceptance criteria. 

Training revenue that meets the criteria to be accounted for separately is recognized when training is provided.  

Deferred Revenue  

Deferred revenue primarily consists of payments received in advance of revenue recognition from cloud, term and 
ratable license, and maintenance and support services and is recognized as the revenue recognition criteria are met. We 

61 

generally invoice customers in annual or quarterly installments. The deferred revenue balance does not represent the total 
contract value of annual or multi-year, non-cancelable cloud or maintenance and support agreements. Deferred revenue is 
influenced by several factors, including seasonality, the compounding effects of renewals, invoice duration, invoice timing 
and new business linearity within the quarter.  

Deferred revenue that will be recognized during the succeeding twelve-month period is recorded as current deferred 

revenue and the remaining portion is recorded as noncurrent.  

Deferred Commissions  

Deferred commissions are the direct and incremental costs directly associated with cloud and term license contracts 

with customers and consist of sales commissions to our direct sales force.  

The commissions are deferred and amortized over the terms of the related customer contracts, which are typically 
12 to 36 months. The commission payments are paid based on contract terms in the month following the quarter in which 
the  commissions  are  earned.  The  deferred  commission  amounts  are  recognized  as  sales  and  marketing  expense  in  the 
consolidated statements of operations over the terms of the related customer contracts, in proportion to the recognition of 
the associated revenue. 

Deferred Financing Costs 

Costs relating to obtaining the credit agreement with Wells Fargo Bank are capitalized and amortized over the term 
of  the  related  debt  using  the  effective  interest  method.  As  of  June  30,  2017  and  2016,  deferred  financing  costs  were 
$950,000 and $820,000, respectively, and accumulated amortization was $501,000 and $294,000, respectively. Deferred 
financing costs are included net of bank borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of 
deferred financing costs recorded as interest expense was $207,000, $231,000 and $79,000 for the fiscal years ended June 
30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. When a loan is paid in full, any unamortized financing costs are removed from the 
related accounts and charged to operations as interest expense. 

Leases  

Lease agreements are evaluated to determine whether they are capital or operating leases in accordance with ASC 

840, Leases. When any one of the four test criteria in ASC 840 is met, the lease then qualifies as a capital lease.  

Capital leases are capitalized at the lower of the net present value of the total amount payable under the leasing 
agreement (excluding finance charges) or the fair market value of the leased asset. Capital lease assets are depreciated on 
a  straight-line  basis,  over  a  period  consistent  with  our  normal  depreciation  policy  for  tangible  fixed  assets,  but  not 
exceeding the lease term. Interest charges are expensed over the period of the lease in relation to the carrying value of the 
capital lease obligation.  

Rent expense for operating leases, which may include free rent or fixed escalation amounts in addition to minimum 

lease payments, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the duration of each lease term.  

Software Development Costs  

We account for software development costs in accordance with ASC 985, Software, for costs of the software to be 
sold, leased or marketed, whereby costs for the development of new software products and substantial enhancements to 
existing software products are included in research and development expense as incurred until technological feasibility has 
been  established,  at  which  time  any  additional  costs  are  capitalized.  Technological  feasibility  is  established  upon 
completion  of  a  working  model.  To  date,  software  development  costs  incurred  in  the  period  between  achieving 
technological feasibility and general availability of software have not been material and have been charged to operations 
as incurred.  

62 

Advertising Costs  

We expense advertising costs as incurred. Total advertising expenses for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 

and 2015 were $52,000, $121,000, and $68,000 respectively.  

Stock-Based Compensation  

We  account  for  stock-based  compensation  in  accordance  with  ASC  718,  Compensation—Stock  Compensation. 
Under the fair value recognition provisions of ASC 718, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based 
on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the vesting period. Determining the fair value of the stock-
based  awards  at  the  grant  date  requires  significant  judgment  and  the  use  of  estimates,  particularly  surrounding  Black-
Scholes valuation assumptions such as stock price volatility and expected option term.  

Income Taxes  

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. 
Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable 
to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax 
bases. For the legacy eGain business in the United States, based upon the weight of available evidence, which includes our 
historical operating performance and the reported cumulative net losses in all prior years, we have provided a full valuation 
allowance against our net deferred tax assets. For the legacy eGain business in the United Kingdom, based on the positive 
evidence, the Company has determined it would be able to utilize the deferred tax assets and does not have a valuation 
allowance  against  the  deferred  tax  assets.  The  remaining  eGain  foreign  operations  as  well  as  Exony’s  business  have 
historically been profitable and we believe it is more likely than not that those assets will be realized. Our tax provision 
primarily relates to foreign activities as well as state income taxes. Our income tax rate differs from the statutory tax rates 
primarily due to the utilization of net operating loss carry-forwards which had previously been valued against as well as 
our foreign operations. 

We  account  for  uncertain  tax  positions  according  to  the  provisions  of  ASC  740.  ASC  740  contains  a  two-step 
approach for recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. Tax positions are evaluated for recognition by determining 
if  the  weight  of  available  evidence  indicates  that  it  is  probable  that  the  position  will  be  sustained  on  audit,  including 
resolution of related appeals or litigation. Tax benefits are then measured as the largest amount which is more than 50% 
likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We consider many factors when evaluating and estimating tax positions 
and tax benefits, which may require periodic adjustments and which may not accurately anticipate actual outcomes.  

Comprehensive Loss  

We report comprehensive loss and its components in accordance with ASC 220, Comprehensive Income. Under the 
accounting  standards,  comprehensive  loss  includes  all  changes  in  equity  during  a  period  except  those  resulting  from 
investments by or distributions to owners. Total comprehensive loss for each of the three years in the period ended June 
30,  2017  is  shown  in  the  accompanying  statements  of  comprehensive  loss.  Accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss 
presented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2017 and 2016 consist of accumulated foreign 
currency translation adjustments.  

Net Loss Per Common Share  

Basic  net  loss  per  common  share  is  computed  using  the  weighted-average  number  of  shares  of  common  stock 
outstanding. In periods where net income is reported, the weighted average number of shares is increased by warrants and 
options in the money to calculate diluted net income per common share.  

63 

The following table represents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per common share (in thousands, except 

per share data):  

Net loss applicable to common stockholders  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Basic net loss per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Weighted average common shares used in computing basic 
net loss per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Effect of dilutive options and warrants outstanding  . . . . .  
Weighted average common shares used in computing diluted 
net loss per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Diluted net loss per common share  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

2017 

Years Ended June 30, 
2016 
 $  (6,020)   $  (6,240)   $  (12,429)
 (0.47)
 $   (0.22)   $   (0.23)   $ 

2015 

    27,108 
 — 

     27,056 
 — 

      26,609 
 — 

    27,108 
 $   (0.22)   $   (0.23)   $ 

     27,056 

      26,609 
 (0.47)

Weighted average shares of stock options to purchase 2,404,591, 2,661,609, and 2,718,069 shares of common stock 
as of June 30, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted net income (loss) per 
common share due to their anti-dilutive effect. Such securities could have a dilutive effect in future periods.  

Segment Information  

We  operate  in  one  segment,  the  development,  license,  implementation  and  support  of  our  customer  service 
infrastructure  software  solutions.  Operating  segments  are  identified  as  components  of  an  enterprise  for  which  discrete 
financial information is available and regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision-maker in order to make decisions 
about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance. Our chief operating decision-makers under ASC 
280,  Segment  Reporting,  are  our  executive  management  team.  Our  chief  operating  decision-makers  review  financial 
information  presented  on  a  consolidated  basis  for  purposes  of  making  operating  decisions  and  assessing  financial 
performance.  

Information relating to our geographic areas for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is as follows 

(in thousands):   

Year ended June 30, 2017: 

North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
EMEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Asia Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Year ended June 30, 2016: 

North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
EMEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Asia Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Year ended June 30, 2015: 

North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
EMEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Asia Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Total 

  Revenue 

      Operating        
Income 
(Loss) 

  Long-Lived 
  Assets 

 $  28,711 
    28,106 
 1,398 
 $  58,215 

  $   (4,515)   $ 
 4,283 
 (3,493)     

 463 
 497 
 99 
  $   (3,725)   $   1,059 

 $  34,922 
    32,157 
 2,296 
 $  69,375 

  $   (6,078)   $ 
 3,162 
 (2,957)     

 925 
 627 
 136 
  $   (5,873)   $   1,688 

 $  36,551 
    37,666 
 1,696 
 $  75,913 

  $   (7,382)      
 204 
 (4,108)      
  $  (11,286)      

For the purposes of entity-wide geographic area disclosures, we define long-lived assets as hard assets that cannot 

be easily removed, such as property and equipment. 

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New Accounting Pronouncements  

In  May  2017,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (FASB)  issued  ASU  2017-09,  Compensation—Stock 
Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting, which provides guidance about which changes to the terms 
or conditions of a shared-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. ASU 
2017-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (our fiscal 2019), including interim 
reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the future 
impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04 Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test 
for  Goodwill  Impairment,  which  eliminates  Step  2  from  goodwill  impairment  testing.  The  Board  also  eliminated 
requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment. ASU 
2017-04 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal 2021), including interim 
reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. We early adopted this guidance in 
fiscal year 2017. 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, which 
provides  specific  guidance  on  how  to  classify  restricted  cash.  ASU  2016-18  is  effective  for  annual  reporting  periods 
beginning after December 15, 2017 (our fiscal 2019), including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting 
periods.  Early  adoption  is  permitted.  We  are  currently  assessing  the  future  impact  of  this  update  on  our  consolidated 
financial statements and related disclosures. 

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other 
Than Inventory, which provides that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of 
an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. ASU 2016-16 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning 
after December 15, 2017 (our fiscal 2019), including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early 
adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the future impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements 
and related disclosures. 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain 
Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, to address diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and 
classified in the statement of cash flows. The amendments should be applied using a retrospective transition method to 
each  period  presented.  If  it  is  impracticable  to  apply  the  amendments  retrospectively  for  some  of  the  issues,  the 
amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. ASU 2016-15 is effective 
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 (our fiscal 2019), and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early 
adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the future impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements 
and related disclosures. 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09,  Compensation-Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee 
Share-Based  Payment  Accounting  (ASU 2016-09),  which  simplifies  several  aspects  of  the  accounting  for  share-based 
payment award transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, 
and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 
15, 2016 (our fiscal 2018), and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently 
assessing the future impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, which requires that we recognize lease assets and liabilities 
on the balance sheet. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 (our fiscal 2020), 
and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the future impact 
of this update on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which supersedes the revenue 
recognition  requirements  in  Topic  605,  Revenue  Recognition  and  requires  entities  to  recognize  revenue  in  a  way  that 
depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the 
entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The amendments in this update are effective for annual 
reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (our fiscal 2019), including interim periods within that reporting 

65 

period, with early application permitted for periods beginning after December 31, 2016. In March 2016, the FASB issued 
ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting 
Revenue  Gross  versus  Net),  which  clarifies  how  to  apply  the  implementation  guidance  on  principal  versus  agent 
considerations related to the sale of goods or services to a customer as updated by ASU 2014-09. In April 2016, the FASB 
issued  ASU  2016-10,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606)  Identifying  Performance  Obligations  and 
Licensing, which clarifies two aspects of Topic 606: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation 
guidance, while retaining the related principles for those areas, as updated by ASU 2014-09. In May 2016, the FASB 
issued ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical 
Expedients, which makes narrow scope amendments to Topic 606 including implementation issues on collectability, non-
cash consideration and completed contracts at transition. In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-20, Technical 
Corrections  and  Improvements  to  Topic  606,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers,  which  provides  technical 
corrections  and  improvements  to  Topic  606  and  other  Topics  amended  by  ASU  2014-09  to  increase  stakeholders’ 
awareness of the proposals and to expedite improvements to ASU 2014-09. The effective date and transition requirements 
for the amendments are equivalent to those for Topic 606. 

Topic 606 is effective for our fiscal year 2019 beginning on July 1, 2018 using either one of two transition methods 
including several practical expedients: (i) full retrospective method, in which the new standard would be applied to each 
prior reporting period presented; or (ii) the modified retrospective method, in which the cumulative effect of initially 
applying the new standard would be recognized at the date of initial application and providing certain additional 
disclosures as defined in the guidance. We have not selected a transition method yet. We are still evaluating the overall 
effect that the standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes to the consolidated 
financial statements. 

2. BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS  

Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):  

Computers and equipment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $   1,382    $   2,215 
 475        1,473 
Leased equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 249 
 255      
Furniture and fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Leasehold improvements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 553 
 412      
    2,524        4,490 
Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accumulated depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
   (1,465)      (2,802)
Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $   1,059    $   1,688 

June 30, 

2017 

2016 

Depreciation and amortization expense was $1.1 million, $2.1 million and $2.5 million for the years ended June 30, 
2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Accumulated depreciation relating to computers, equipment and software under capital 
leases totaled $863,000 and $1.0 million as of June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Amortization of assets under capital 
leases is included in depreciation and amortization expense. Disposals of fixed assets were $14.0 million and $1.2 million 
and for the years ended June 30, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Fully depreciated equipment of $6.1 million and $17.6 
million as of June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, is not included in the table above.  

Accrued compensation consists of the following (in thousands):  

June 30, 

Accrued bonuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $   1,326 
    1,794 
Accrued vacation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 752 
Payroll and other employee related costs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accrued commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 467   
Accrued compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $   4,339 

2017 

2016 
  $   1,514 
      1,834 
 891 
    1,403 
  $   5,642 

66 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
  
    
  
 
Accrued liabilities consists of the following (in thousands):   

Accrued other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
VAT liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Sales tax payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Customer advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

June 30, 

      2017 

2016 

 $ 

 907 
 980 
 602 
 364 
 558 
 193 
 462        3,968 
  $  5,670 

 $  2,364 

3. BANK BORROWINGS  

On November 21, 2014, we entered into a Credit Agreement (the Credit Agreement) with Wells Fargo Bank, as 
administrative agent and the lenders party thereto. The Credit Agreement provides for the extension of revolving loans 
(Revolving  Loans)  in  an  aggregate  principal  amount  not  to  exceed  $10.0  million,  and  a  term  loan  (Term  Loan)  in  an 
aggregate principal amount not to exceed $10.0 million, but in each case limited by an amount not to exceed 60% of our 
trailing twelve month recurring revenues from subscription and support fees attributable to software, as calculated under 
the Credit Agreement. The obligations under the Credit Agreement mature on November 21, 2019. 

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, in the case of LIBOR rate loans, at a per annum rate 

equal to the applicable LIBOR rate, plus 4.75%.  Borrowings under the Credit Agreement that are not LIBOR rate loans 
bear interest at a per annum rate equal to (i) the greatest of (A) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (B) the one month 
LIBOR rate plus 1.00% per annum, and (C) the rate of interest announced, from time to time, by Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association as its “prime rate,” plus (ii) 3.75%. 

We  will  pay  certain  recurring  fees  with  respect  to  the  Credit  Agreement,  including  servicing  fees  to  the 
administrative agent. Prior to the first anniversary of the closing date of the Credit Agreement voluntary repayments of the 
Term Loan, voluntary permanent reductions of the commitment related to the Revolving Loans and certain mandatory 
prepayments are subject a prepayment premium of 1.0% of the amount prepaid or reduced. 

Subject to certain exceptions, the loans extended under the Credit Agreement are subject to customary mandatory 
prepayment  provisions  with  respect  to  the  following:  net  proceeds  from  certain  asset  sales;  net  proceeds  from  certain 
issuances or incurrences of debt (other than debt permitted to be incurred under the terms of the Credit Agreement); net 
proceeds of certain judgments, settlements and other claims or causes of action of us; and a portion with step-downs based 
upon the achievement of a financial covenant linked to the Leverage Ratio; as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement 
of our annual excess cash flow and our subsidiaries, and with such required prepayment amount to be reduced dollar-for-
dollar by any voluntary prepayments of term loans.   

The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, subject to limitations and exceptions, and 
customary covenants restricting our ability and our subsidiaries to: incur additional indebtedness; incur liens; engage in 
mergers or other fundamental changes; consummate acquisitions; sell certain property or assets; change the nature of their 
business; prepay or amend certain indebtedness; pay dividends, other distributions or repurchase our equity interests or 
our subsidiaries; make investments; or engage in certain transactions with affiliates. In addition, the Credit Agreement 
contains financial covenants which initially require us to achieve minimum EBITDA and liquidity levels. However, subject 
to the conditions of the Credit Agreement, once we have achieved a minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined 
in the Credit Agreement) of 1.50 to 1.00 and a Leverage Ratio of less than 2.50 to 1.00, we will be required to comply with 
a minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio and a specific Leverage Ratio.  

The  Credit  Agreement  contains  customary  events  of  default,  including  with  respect  to:  nonpayment  of  principal, 
interest,  fees  or  other  amounts;  failure  to  perform  or  observe  covenants;  monetary  judgment  defaults;  bankruptcy, 
insolvency and dissolution events; cross-default to other material indebtedness; material inaccuracy of a representation or 
warranty  when  made;  failure  to  perfect  a  lien;  actual  or  asserted  invalidity  or  impairment  of  any  definitive  loan 
documentation or repudiation of guaranties; or a change of control.  

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
    
   
    
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
As a condition to entering into the Credit Agreement, we pledged substantially all assets such as accounts receivable 

and property and equipment as collateral for the benefit of Wells Fargo Bank. 

On September 2, 2015, the Company entered into Amendment Number One (the Amendment) to that certain Credit 

Agreement, dated as of November 21, 2014 (as further amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from 
time to time), among us, the lenders, and Wells Fargo Bank, as administrative agent. Pursuant to the Amendment, we 
increased the total maximum revolving loan commitments thereunder from $10.0 million to $15.0 million and increased 
the quarterly amortization payments of the term loan under the Credit Agreement to $187,500 for the quarters ended 
September 30, 2015 through December 31, 2015 and $250,000 in each quarter ending thereafter.  Borrowings under the 
Amendment bear interest, in the case of LIBOR rate loans, at a per annum rate equal to the applicable LIBOR rate, plus 
7.0%.  Borrowings under the Credit Agreement that are not LIBOR rate loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to 
the rate of interest announced, from time to time, by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as its “prime rate,” plus 
6.0%. In connection with the Amendment, certain fees were also modified such that prior to the first anniversary of the 
Amendment, voluntary repayments of the Term Loan, voluntary permanent reductions of the commitment related to the 
Revolving Loans and certain mandatory prepayments will be subject a prepayment premium of 1.0% of the amount 
prepaid or reduced.  The financial covenants concerning minimum EBITDA and liquidity levels contained in the Credit 
Agreement were modified in the Amendment as follows:  

1. We were required to achieve minimum EBITDA of not more negative than $1.68 million for the three (3) month 
period ended September 30, 2015 and not more negative than $2.228 million for the six (6) month period ended 
December 31, 2015.  Thereafter, minimum EBITDA levels will be based on amounts agreed to by us and the 
requisite lenders based upon annual projections delivered to the agent, and the failure to reach an agreement on 
reset minimum EBITDA levels acceptable to the agent in its sole discretion shall constitute an event of default 
under the Credit Agreement; and 

2. We were required to achieve minimum liquidity of at least $10.0 million for the month ended December 31, 
2015 and at all times thereafter. 

On January 27, 2017, the Company entered into Amendment Number Two to the Credit Agreement (the 

Amendment No. 2), which amends the Credit Agreement dated as of November 21, 2014, among the Company, Wells 
Fargo Bank, National Association, as agent, and the lenders party thereto (as amended, the Credit Agreement).  Pursuant 
to the Amendment, the Applicable Margin (as defined in the Credit Agreement) at which LIBOR loans advanced under 
the Credit Agreement bear interest may be either the applicable LIBOR rate plus 5.5% per annum or 7.0% per annum, 
depending on the Company’s “TTM Recurring Revenue Calculation” (as defined in the Credit Agreement).  The TTM 
Recurring Revenue Calculation is based on the Company’s consolidated trailing twelve months of revenue relating to 
recurring revenue attributable to the Company’s software.  Loans may also bear interest under the Credit Agreement at 
the applicable Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and the corresponding Applicable Margin for Base Rate 
loans is 1.0% per annum less than for LIBOR loans.  Under the Amendment No. 2, a 1.0% fee will also be payable until 
the first anniversary of the Amendment No. 2 on the amount of any voluntary prepayment of the term loan advanced 
under the Credit Agreement or the amount of any voluntary reduction of revolving commitments provided under the 
Credit Agreement. 

The Amendment No. 2 modifies the two financial covenants the Company is required to comply with until the 

Financial Covenant Replacement Date (as defined in the Credit Agreement) has occurred. The Financial Covenant 
Replacement Date is the first day of the fiscal quarter following the date on which the Company has achieved (i) a Fixed 
Charge Coverage Ratio equal to or greater than 1.50 to 1.00 and (ii) a Leverage Ratio of less than 2.50 to 1.00 for the 
immediately preceding two consecutive fiscal quarters (as such terms are defined in the Credit Agreement).  In addition, 
the Financial Covenant Replacement Date will not be deemed to occur unless the Company is in compliance with the 
applicable Leverage Ratio as of the last day of the fiscal quarter preceding the test date. As of June 30, 2017, the Fixed 
Charge Coverage Ratio and Leverage Ratio financial covenants were not met, and the Financial Covenant Replacement 
Date was not deemed to have occurred. 

68 

Under the Amendment No. 2 the minimum EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement and specific to Wells 

Fargo) levels the Company is required to achieve on and prior to the Financial Covenant Replacement Date were 
modified to be, as of the end of each fiscal quarter, at the least the amount set forth in the table below for the applicable 
period opposite such amount: 

$ 

For the four quarter period ending 
December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
March 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
June 30, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
September 30, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
March 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
June 30, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
September 30, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
March 31, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
June 30, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
September 30, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Applicable Amount 

 (900,000)
 (2,000,000)
 (4,500,000)
 (6,100,000)
 (5,100,000)
 (3,800,000)
 (3,000,000)
 (1,500,000)
 — 
 1,500,000 
 3,000,000 
 4,000,000 

In addition, the amount of Liquidity (as defined in the Credit Agreement) the Company is required to maintain on 

and prior to the Financial Covenant Replacement Date was reduced from $10 million to $4 million. 

As of June 30, 2017, we were in compliance with these financial covenant terms. 

If the Leverage Ratio is greater than 3.00 to 1:00 as of the end of the fiscal year, then we are contractually obligated 

to repay an amount equivalent to 50% of the Excess Cash Flow as specified in the Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 
2017, our Leverage Ratio was above this threshold, and 50% of Excess Cash Flow was determined to be the amount of 
$729,000.  We obtained a bank waiver and were not required to pay this amount. 

As of June 30, 2017, balances on the Term Loan, Revolving Loans and debt maturities during each of the next five 

years on an aggregate basis were (in thousands): 

Year Ending June 30, 
2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        $ 
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total bank borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Less amounts representing deferred financing costs, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total bank borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Less current debt maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Bank borrowings, net of current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

      Bank 
     Borrowings 
 1,000 
 1,000 
   14,056 
 — 
 — 
 16,056 
 (449)
 15,607 
 (805)
$  14,802 

Amortization expense related to deferred financing costs amounted to $207,000 and $231,000 and $79,000 for 

the years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
     
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
4. INCOME TAXES 

Loss before income tax benefit (provision) consisted of the following (in thousands):  

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ (5,148)    $  (11,823)   $  (24,621)
 4,720        12,512 
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Loss before income tax benefit (provision) . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ (5,487)    $   (7,103)   $  (12,109)

 (339)      

Year Ended June 30, 
2016 

2015 

2017 

The following table reconciles the federal statutory tax rate to the effective tax rate of the income tax provision:  

Year Ended June 30, 

      2017 

      2016 

      2015    

 34.0 %   34.0 % 
Federal statutory income tax rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (0.2)  
Current state taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Foreign rate differential  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (8.9)  
 3.1   
Research and development credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Foreign withholding tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (4.3)  
Other items  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (5.7)  
Net change in valuation allowance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     (27.7)  

 (0.1)  
 (0.8)  
 3.5  
 (5.4)  
 (2.4)  
 (16.7) 

Effective tax rate  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

 (9.7)%   12.1 % 

 34.0 %
 —   
 (4.9) 
 1.5   
 (2.2)  
 1.8  
 (32.8)  
 (2.6)%

The components of the income tax (benefit) provision are as follows (in thousands):  

Year Ended June 30, 
2016 

     2015 

     2017       

Current provision: 

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $   —    $ 
Foreign  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
   505      
 10      
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
   515      
Total current: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred (benefit): 

 —    $ 

 23 
 533        560 
 5 
 543        588 

 10      

Foreign  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total deferred: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Income tax (benefit) provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  533    $ 

 18       (1,406)       (268)
 18       (1,406)       (268)
 (863)    $   320 

As of June 30, 2017, we had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $218.3 million and 
$32.7 million, respectively. The net operating loss carryforwards will expire at various dates beginning in fiscal year ending 
June 30, 2018 through June 30, 2037, if not utilized. Partial amounts of the net operating losses are generated from the 
exercise of options and the tax benefit would be credited directly to stockholders’ equity (deficit). We also had federal 
research and development credit carryforwards of approximately $2.8 million as of June 30, 2017 which will expire at 
various dates beginning in fiscal year ending June 30, 2019 through June 30, 2037, if not utilized. The California research 
and development credit carryforwards are approximately $4.3 million as of June 30, 2017 and have an indefinite carryover 
period. We also have U.K. net operating loss carryforwards, which do not expire, of approximately $1.5 million as of June 
30, 2017.  

Utilization of the Federal and California net operating losses and credits may be subject to a substantial limitation 
due to the “change in ownership” provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and similar state provisions. The annual 
limitation may result in the expiration of net operating losses and credits before utilization.  

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  reflect  the  net  tax  effects  of  net  operating  loss  and  credit  carryforwards  and  of 
temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and the amounts used for 
income tax purposes.  

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
    
 
 
  
  
     
      
  
  
 
We early adopted ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes—Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes, as of June 30, 2016 

on a prospective basis. Periods presented in the consolidated financial statements reflect the adoption of the guidance. 

Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities for federal, state and foreign income taxes are as 

follows (in thousands):  

Deferred tax assets: 

Net operating loss carryforwards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Research credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred revenue  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accruals and reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Gross deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Less valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Deferred tax assets, included in other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred tax liabilities: 

June 30, 

2017 

2016 

 5,658 
 886 
 1,564 
 1,260 
 376 

$   74,806    $   74,751 
 5,289 
 372 
 111 
 1,199 
 411 
    82,133 
   (80,863)
 1,270 

    84,550   
   (83,747)  
 803   

Foreign, primarily intangible assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred tax liabilities, included in other long term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Net deferred tax assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 (256)
 (256)  
 547    $ 

 (705)
 (705)
 565 

ASC 740, Income Taxes, provides for the recognition of deferred tax assets if realization of such assets is more likely 
than not. For the legacy eGain business in the United States, based upon the weight of available evidence, which includes 
our historical operating performance and the reported cumulative net losses in all prior years, we have provided a full 
valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets.  For the legacy eGain business in the United Kingdom, based on 
the positive evidence, the Company has determined it would be able to utilize the deferred tax assets and does not have a 
valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets. The remaining eGain foreign operations as well as Exony’s business 
have historically been profitable and we believe it is more likely than not that those assets will be realized. Our tax provision 
primarily relates to foreign activities as well as state income taxes. Our income tax rate differs from the statutory tax rates 
primarily due to the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards which had previously been valued against as well as 
our foreign operations.   

The net valuation allowance increased by $2.9 million for the year ended June 30, 2017, compared to the increase 

of $2.3 million for year ended June 30, 2016.  

Deferred  tax  liabilities  have  not  been  recognized  for  $11.2  million  of  undistributed  earnings  of  our  foreign 
subsidiaries  as  of  June  30,  2017.  It  is  our  intention  to  reinvest  such  undistributed  earnings  indefinitely  in  our  foreign 
subsidiaries. If we distribute these earnings, in the form of dividends or otherwise, we would be subject to both United 
States income taxes (net of applicable foreign tax credits) and withholding taxes payable to the foreign jurisdiction.  

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
    
  
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Uncertain Tax Positions  

The aggregate changes in the balance of our gross unrecognized tax benefits during fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015 

were as follows (in thousands):  

Year Ended June 30, 
2016 

2017 

2015 

Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  1,413   $  1,346   $  1,290 
Increases in balances related to tax positions taken during current 
periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Decrease in balances related to tax positions taken during prior 
periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 — 
Ending balance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  1,465    $  1,413    $  1,346 

 67      

 —      

 —      

 52      

 56 

No accrued interest and penalties have been recognized related to unrecognized tax (benefit) in the provision for 

income tax until the credits have been utilized.  

We do not anticipate the amount of existing unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within 
the next 12 months. We file income tax returns in the United States, and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In these 
jurisdictions tax years 1994-2015 remain subject to examination by the appropriate governmental agencies due to tax loss 
carryovers from those years. 

5. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY  

Common Stock  

We have reserved shares of common stock for issuance as of June 30, 2017 as follows:  

Stock options outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     2,273,660  
Reserved for future grants of stock options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     2,097,918  
Total reserved shares of common stock for issuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     4,371,578  

     Reserved 

Stock 
  Options 

Preferred Stock  

We are authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share, and no shares 
of preferred stock are outstanding. Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to 
issue up  to 5,000,000  shares of  preferred  stock  in one or  more  series  and  to fix  the  rights, preferences, privileges  and 
restrictions thereof. These rights, preferences and privileges could include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, 
terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the 
designation of such series, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock.  

2005 Management Stock Option Plan  

In May 2005, our board of directors adopted the 2005 Management Stock Option Plan, or the 2005 Management 
Plan, which provides for the grant of non-statutory stock options to directors, officers and key employees of eGain and its 
subsidiaries. The Plan was increased by 500,000 shares of common stock in November 2007, 500,000 shares of common 
stock  in  September  2011  and  1.0  million  shares  of  common  stock  in  September  2014.  Our  board  also  extended  the 
expiration date of the 2005 Management Stock Option Plan to September 30, 2024. Options under the 2005 Management 
Plan are granted at a price not less than 100% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. Options 
granted under the 2005 Management Plan are subject to eGain’s right of repurchase, whose right shall lapse with respect 
to one-forty-eighth (1/48th) of the shares granted to a director, officer or key employee for each month of continuous service 
provided by such director, officer or key employee to eGain. The options granted under this plan are exercisable for up to 
ten years from the date of grant.  

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table represents the activity under the 2005 Management Stock Option Plan:  

Shares 

  Available for    Options 

  Weighted 

Balance as of June 30, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

Grant 
 352,481   
Shares Authorized for Issuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     1,000,000   
Options Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      (670,200)  
Options Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Balance as of June 30, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Balance as of June 30, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Options Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Balance as of June 30, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 537,207    $ 
 —    $ 
 670,200    $ 
 —     (218,691)   $ 
 (40,709)   $ 
 948,007    $ 
 98,875    $ 
 (38,307)   $ 
 132,534     (132,534)   $ 
 876,041    $ 
 756,649   
 68,750   $ 
 (68,750) 
 —   $ 
 —  
 107,139     (107,139)  $ 
 837,652   $ 
 795,038   

  Outstanding    Average Price 
 2.92 
 — 
 6.10 
 0.91 
 5.95 
 5.50 
 3.99 
 3.08 
 6.29 
 5.33 
 1.92 
 — 
 4.33 
 5.16 

 40,709   
 722,990   
 (98,875)  
 —   

2005 Stock Incentive Plan  

In  March  2005,  our  board  of  directors  adopted  the  2005  Stock  Incentive  Plan,  the  2005  Incentive  Plan,  which 
provides for the grant of stock options to eGain’s employees, officers, directors and consultants. The 2005 Stock Incentive 
Plan was subsequently amended in February 2009, September 2011, and in September 2014. In September 2014, our board 
of directors approved an increase in the 2005 Incentive Plan by 1.0 million shares of common stock, extend the expiration 
date of the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan to September 30, 2024 and made certain other changes. Options granted under the 
2005  Incentive  Plan  are  either  incentive  stock  options  or  non-statutory  stock  options.  Incentive  stock  options  may  be 
granted to employees with exercise prices of no less than the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant. The 
options generally vest ratably over a period of four years and expire no later than ten years from the date of grant.  

The following table represents the activity under the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan:  

Shares 

  Available for    Options 

     Weighted
  Average 

Balance as of June 30, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

Shares Authorized for Issuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      1,000,000   
Options Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       (257,800)   
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 —   
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 150,730   

Grant 
  Outstanding    Price 
 200,624     1,632,435    $   4.96 
 —    $ 
 — 
 257,800    $   4.77 
 (73,510)   $   1.47 
 (150,730)   $   7.83 
Balance as of June 30, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      1,093,554     1,665,995    $   4.83 
 199,775    $   3.98 
 (39,320)   $   0.92 
 (259,915)   $   6.45 
Balance as of June 30, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      1,153,694     1,566,535    $   4.55 
 138,675   $   2.08 
 (8,550)  $   0.75 
 (287,861)  $   6.10 
 1,302,880     1,408,799    $   4.01 

Options Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Balance as of June 30, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Options Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       (199,775)   
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 —   
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
 259,915   

 (138,675)  
 —  
 287,861  

2000 Non-Management Stock Option Plan  

In July 2000, our board of directors adopted the 2000 Non-Management Stock Option Plan, or the 2000 Plan, which 
provided for the grant of non-statutory stock options to our employees, advisors and consultants of eGain. Options under 

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
    
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
the 2000 Plan were granted at a price not less than 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. 
Our board of directors determines the fair market value (as defined in the 2000 Plan) of the common stock, date of grant 
and vesting schedules of the options granted. The options generally vest ratably over 4 years and expire no later than 10 
years from the date of grant. This plan expired in July 2010 and there are no further options available to grant under the 
2000 Plan.  

The following table represents the activity under the 2000 Non-Management Stock Option Plan:  

Shares 

  Available for    Options 

     Weighted
  Average 

Grant 

  Outstanding   Price 

Balance as of June 30, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Balance as of June 30, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Balance as of June 30, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Balance as of June 30, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   

 21,180    $   0.68 
 (9,030)   $   0.65 
 —    $ 
 — 
 12,150    $   0.71 
 (900)   $   1.09 
 (1,250)   $   0.86 
 10,000    $   0.66 
 — 
 —    $ 
 —    $ 
 — 
 10,000    $   0.66 

1998 Stock Plan  

In June 1998, our board of directors adopted the 1998 Stock Plan, or the 1998 Plan, which provides for grant of stock 
options to eligible participants. Options granted under the 1998 Plan are either incentive stock options or non-statutory 
stock options. Incentive stock options may be granted to employees with exercise prices of no less than the fair value of 
the common stock and non-statutory options may be granted to eligible participants at exercise prices of no less than 85% 
of the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant. Our board of directors determines the fair market value (as 
defined in the 1998 Plan) of the common stock, date of grant and vesting schedules of the options granted. The options 
generally vest ratably over a period of four years and expire no later than 10 years from the date of grant. Options are 
generally exercisable upon grant, subject to our repurchase rights until vested. This plan expired in November 2010 and 
there are no further options available to grant under the 1998 Plan.  

The following table represents the activity under the 1998 Stock Plan:  

Shares 

  Available for    Options 

     Weighted
  Average 

Grant 

  Outstanding   Price 

Balance as of June 30, 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Balance as of June 30, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Balance as of June 30, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Options Exercised  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Options Forfeited / Expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Balance as of June 30, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   

 91,568    $   0.66 
 (39,809)   $   0.64 
 (12,800)   $   0.67 
 38,959    $   0.67 
 (3,750)   $   0.65 
 —    $ 
 — 
 35,209    $   0.67 
 (15,000)   $   0.68 
 (3,000)   $   0.60 
 17,209    $   0.67 

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The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable under all stock option 

plans as of June 30, 2017:  

Options Outstanding 

Options Exercisable 

Range of 
Exercise 
Prices 
$0.30-$0.30    
$0.50-$0.74    
$0.75-$1.80    
$2.10-$3.74    
$3.85-$5.28    
$5.31-$6.25    
$6.29-$6.29    
$6.36-$7.94    
$8.02-$13.58    
$15.50-$15.50   
$0.30-$15.50 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
      Contractual Life       
1.45 
2.09 
4.08 
7.65 
5.78 
4.73 
7.20 
6.63 
5.97 
6.25 
5.38 

   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
$ 

Number 

 3,000   
 446,913   
 275,493   
 235,039   
 416,885   
 67,063   
 429,000   
 247,117   
 148,050   
 5,100   
   2,273,660  

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price 

 0.30 
 0.74 
 1.36 
 3.12 
 4.75 
 5.55 
 6.29 
 7.63 
 10.39 
 15.50 
 4.39 

Number 

 3,000    $ 
 446,913    $ 
 192,059    $ 
 102,462    $ 
 323,627    $ 
 66,438    $ 
 292,852    $ 
 195,960    $ 
 132,704    $ 
 4,675    $ 
  $ 

 1,760,690 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price 

 0.30 
 0.74 
 1.20 
 3.55 
 4.94 
 5.54 
 6.29 
 7.63 
 10.42 
 15.50 
 4.36 

The summary of options vested and exercisable as of June 30, 2017 comprised:  

      Weighted 
  Average 

  Number of 

Shares 

  Weighted 
Average 
  Exercise Price  

  Aggregate    Remaining 
  Contractual
Term 

Intrinsic 
 Value 

Options outstanding  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       2,273,660    $ 
Fully vested and expected to vest options . .      2,190,876    $ 
Options exercisable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      1,760,690    $ 

 4.39    $ 501,634   
 4.41    $ 501,103   
 4.36    $ 499,669   

 5.38 
 5.26 
 4.57 

The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table represents the total intrinsic value based on stock options with a 
weighted average exercise price less than our closing stock price of $1.65 as of June 30, 2017 that would have been received 
by the option holders, had they exercised their options on June 30, 2017. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised 
during fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $21,000, $53,000, and $1.0 million, respectively.  

Stock-Based Compensation  

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized 

as expense over the vesting period. All of our stock-based compensation is accounted for as an equity instrument.  

The table below summarizes the effect of stock-based compensation (in thousands, except per share amounts):  

Year Ended June 30, 
2016 

2015 

2017 

Non-cash stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  (667)  $  (1,188)   $  (2,317)
 — 
Income tax benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net income effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $  (667)  $  (1,188)   $  (2,317)
Net effect on income (loss) per share, basic and diluted  . . . . . .   $  (0.02)  $   (0.04)   $   (0.09)

 —      

 —      

We utilized  the  Black-Scholes  valuation  model for  estimating  the  fair value of  the  stock-based  compensation  of 
options  granted.  All  shares  of  our  common  stock  issued  pursuant  to  our  stock  option  plans  are  only  issued  out  of  an 
authorized  reserve  of  shares  of  common  stock,  which  were  previously  registered  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission on a registration statement on Form S-8.  

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During  the  fiscal  years  ended  June  30,  2017,  2016  and  2015  there  were  207,425,  298,650,  and  928,000  options 
granted, respectively, with a weighted average fair value of $1.20, $2.06, and $3.50, per share, respectively, using the 
following assumptions:  

Year Ended June 30, 

      2015    
 —   
Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Expected volatility  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 79 % 
Average risk-free interest rate  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     1.70 %   1.53 %   1.66 % 
Expected life (in years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     5.89   

 —   
 56 % 

 —   
 61 % 

     2017        2016 

 4.50   

 5.01   

The dividend yield of zero is based on the fact that we have never paid cash dividends and have no present intention 
to pay cash dividends. We determined the appropriate measure of expected volatility by reviewing historic volatility in the 
share price of our common stock, as adjusted for certain events that management deemed to be non-recurring and non-
indicative of future events. The risk-free interest rate is derived from the average U.S. Treasury Strips rate with maturities 
approximating the expected lives of the awards during the period, which approximate the rate in effect at the time of the 
grant.  

We base our estimate of expected life of a stock option on the historical exercise behavior, and cancellations of all 
past option grants made by the company during the time period which its equity shares have been publicly traded, the 
contractual term of the option, the vesting period and the expected remaining term of the outstanding options.  

Total  compensation  cost,  net  of  forfeitures,  for  all  options  granted  but  not  yet  vested  as  of  June  30,  2017  was 

$323,000 which is expected to be recognized over the weighted average period of 1.17 years.  

6. ACQUISITION 

On  July  30,  2014,  we  entered  into  a  Share  Purchase  Agreement  (Purchase  Agreement)  with  Exony  Limited,  a 
privately held United Kingdom company (Exony), and certain of its shareholders (collectively, the Shareholders), pursuant 
to which we agreed to acquire all the outstanding share capital of Exony for (A) an aggregate of  1,209,308 shares of the 
Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (Company Stock), with a value of $8.02 million as of August 6, 
2014, the closing date of the acquisition (based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock as of such date) and 
(B) an aggregate of $8.13 million in cash (collectively “Acquisition Consideration”), with 15% of each of the cash and 
Company Stock being held in an escrow account to secure certain indemnification obligations of the Shareholders.  The 
Acquisition  Consideration  is  subject  to  an  adjustment  based  on  Exony’s  working  capital  as  of  the  closing.  The  other 
purchase consideration relates to two shareholders of Exony who have the right to exercise their options within six months 
from  the  acquisition  date  which  entitles  them  to  $299,000  (45,119  shares)  of  Company  Stock  and  $341,000  of  cash 
acquisition consideration.  The  cash portion of  the  transaction  was  funded  from  eGain’s  existing  cash and  its  available 
credit facility. We have incurred acquisition costs of approximately $844,000 through June 30, 2015, which are included 
in general and administrative expenses. 

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
The purchase price for this acquisition had been allocated based on estimates of the fair values of the acquired assets 

and assumed liabilities at the date of acquisition as follows (in thousands): 

Purchase consideration: 

Cash  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Stock (1,164,189 shares of Company Stock) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Other purchase consideration (includes 45,119 shares of Company Stock)  . . . . . . . . . .  
Working capital adjustment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total purchase price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

$ 

 7,841  
 7,719  
 640  
 1,355  

$   17,555 

Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed: 

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Prepaid and other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accrued compensation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Accrued liabilities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total liabilities assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Fair value of identifiable intangibles at acquisition-date: 

Developed technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Customer relationships  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Trade name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Total identifiable intangibles at acquisition-date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Deferred tax liability:  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Goodwill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

 2,751  
 3,185  
 2,850  
 281  
 315  

 (786) 
    (3,139) 
 (352) 
    (4,185) 
 (326) 

 6,990  
 2,990  
 150  

 9,382 

    (8,788)

    10,130 
    (1,475)
 8,306 
$ 

The  allocation  of  the  purchase  price  consideration  was  based  on  estimates  of  fair  value;  such  estimates  and 
assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date).  As of June 
30,  2015,  we  finalized  the  working  capital  adjustment  and  other  purchase  consideration,  adjusting  goodwill  down  by 
$44,000. Such values were updated in the purchase consideration noted in the table above. 

Included in the acquisition of Exony are operating lease commitments for office space in Newbury, England. The 

annual lease payment for a 5 year term lease is approximately $260,000 and $91,000 for a 2 year term lease. 

The goodwill of $8.3 million arising from the Exony acquisition largely reflects the expansion of our service offerings 
complementary  to  our  existing  products.  As  Exony  is  considered  an  innovative  contact  center  software  provider,  the 
acquisition was intended to extend eGain's platform with contact center management, reporting and analytics capabilities 
to our customers. 

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Intangible assets will be amortized over the estimated lives, as follows (in thousands): 

Intangible Asset 
Developed technology . . . . . .     $ 
Customer relationships - 
software contracts . . . . . . . . .    
Customer relationships - 
maintenance contracts . . . . . .    
Trade name . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

  $ 

Gross 
Carrying 
      Amount 

Accumulated 
Amortization 

Net Balance 
June 30, 2017 

      Life       

Consolidated 
Statements of Operations 
Category   

 6,990     $ 

 (5,073)  $ 

 1,917    

 4     Research and development 

 1,380    

 (1,380) 

 —    

 2     Sales and marketing 

 1,610    
 150    
 10,130    $ 

 (779) 
 (150) 
 (7,382)  $ 

 831    
 —    
 2,748   

 6     Cost of recurring 
 2     General and administrative 

Intangible Asset 
Developed technology . . . . . .     $ 
Customer relationships - 
software contracts . . . . . . . . .    
Customer relationships - 
maintenance contracts . . . . . .    
Trade name . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

  $ 

Gross 
Carrying 
      Amount 

Accumulated 
Amortization 

Net Balance 
June 30, 2016 

      Life       

Consolidated 
Statements of Operations 
Category   

 6,990     $ 

 (3,325)  $ 

 3,665    

 4     Research and development 

 1,380    

 (1,313) 

 67    

 2     Sales and marketing 

 1,610    
 150    
 10,130    $ 

 (510) 
 (143) 
 (5,291)  $ 

 1,100    
 7    
 4,839   

 6     Cost of recurring 
 2     General and administrative 

Amortization expense related to the above intangible assets for fiscal year ended June 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was 

$2.1 million, $2.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively.  

Estimated future amortization expense remaining as of June 30, 2017 for intangible assets acquired is as follows: 

2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total future amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 2,016 
 438 
 268 
 26 
 2,748 

  Year Ending
     June 30, 

The operating results for this acquisition are included in the consolidated results of operations from August 6, 2014 

(the date of acquisition). The Company determined that it is impracticable to provide comparative pro forma financial 
information related to the acquisition. Exony, a private company, did not historically prepare financial statements in 
accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, significant estimates of amounts to be included 
in pro forma financial information would be required and subject to an inordinate level of subjectivity. For fiscal years 
ended 2017, 2016 and 2015, Exony contributed revenues of $10.4 million, $11.2 million and $11.0 million, respectively. 
Exony contributed a net loss of $227,000 during fiscal year 2017 and net income of $3.7 million and $793,000 during 
fiscal years 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES  

Leases 

We lease our facilities under non-cancelable operating leases that expire on various dates through fiscal year 2022. 
On May 14, 2014, we entered into the First Amendment to the office lease for our Sunnyvale facility to extend the term 
of the lease through March 2022 and lease additional space in the current premises.  The term of the additional space 
commenced on August 5, 2015 and is scheduled to expire on March 31, 2022. As part of the lease extension, the landlord 
provided  the  Company  with  a  tenant  improvement  allowance  during  2015  through  2016  of  $411,000.  Our  lease 
agreements provide us with the option to renew. We recognize rent expense, which includes fixed escalation amounts 
in addition to minimum lease payment, on a straight-line basis over each lease term. The difference between the amount 
paid for rent and the amount recognized under the straight-line basis is recorded as a deferred rent liability. The deferred 

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rent liability was $406,000 and $364,000 as of June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We lease certain equipment and 
software under operating and capital leases with various expiration dates. 

For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, rent expense for facilities under operating leases was 
$1.0 million, $1.9 million, and $1.4 million, net of rental income of $521,000, $466,000 and $83,000, respectively.  

We entered into a sublease agreement that commenced on August 8, 2015 and that expired on August 31, 2016. 
Rental income from the sublease was approximately $426,000 for the year ended June 30, 2016. The sublease tenant 
did not renew and in accordance with ASC 420 Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations, we recorded a $305,000 lease exit 
liability and related rent expense on June 30, 2016 for an expected loss on the sublease for approximately 22,000 
square feet of space as we will not receive sublease payments until another sublease tenant is found. The sublease is 
under our master lease agreement for our Sunnyvale facility. We classified the $305,000 lease exit liability in current 
liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2016. We expect the future minimum lease 
payments under non-cancellable operating leases to be offset with sub-lease income, once a tenant is secured.  

In December 2016, we entered into a two year sublease agreement for the 22,000 square feet of space with a 
subtenant that commenced on January 1, 2017. As a result, the remaining lease exit liability was reversed as a credit 
to rent expense during the three months ended December 31, 2016. 

A summary of future minimum lease payments is as follows (in thousands):  

Fiscal Year June 30, 
2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

Total minimum lease payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Less amounts representing interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Less current capital lease obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Capital lease obligation, net of current portion  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Cloud Services  

      Operating 

Leases 

      Capital    
  Leases 

 1,172   
 967   
 1,002   
 597   
 469   
 4,207   

 119   
 43   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 162   
 (12) 
 150   
    (108) 
 42  

  $ 

We have agreements with third parties to provide co-location services for cloud operations that expire on various 
dates through fiscal year 2017. The agreements require payment of a minimum amount per month in return for which the 
cloud services provider provides co-location services with certain guarantees of network availability. Rental expense for 
co-location centers was $888,000, $1.1 million, and $1.2 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively. Our commitment for minimum payments under the leases as of June 30, 2017 is $121,000 through year 2017. 

 Contractual Obligations and Commitments 

Contractual agreements with third parties consist of software licenses, maintenance and support for our operations. 

As of June 30, 2017, future payments for non-cancellable contractual agreements are $860,000, $1.5 million and $1.4 
million in fiscal years 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. 

Employee benefit plans  

Defined Contribution Plans  

We  sponsor  an  employee  savings  and  retirement  plan,  the  401(k)  Plan,  as  allowed  under  Section 401(k)  of  the 
Internal  Revenue  Code.  The  401(k)  Plan  is  available  to  all  domestic  employees  who  meet  minimum  age  and  service 
requirements, and provides employees with tax deferred salary deductions and alternative investment options. Employees 
may contribute up to 60% of their salary, subject to certain limitations. We, at the discretion of our board of directors, may 

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
contribute to the 401(k) Plan. In fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, we contributed approximately $376,000, $446,000 and 
$391,000 to the 401(k) Plan, respectively. We also have a defined contribution plan related to our foreign subsidiaries. 
Amounts expensed under this plan were $385,000, $636,000, and $1.1 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2017, 
2016 and 2015, respectively.  

Gratuity Plan—India  

In accordance with Gratuity Act of 1972, we sponsor a defined benefit plan, or the Gratuity Plan, for all of our Indian 
employees. The Gratuity Plan is required by local law, which provides a lump sum payment to vested employees upon 
retirement or termination of employment in an amount based on each employee’s salary and duration of employment with 
the company. The Gratuity Plan benefit cost for the year is calculated on an actuarial basis. Current service costs and 
actuarial gains or losses, or prior service cost, for the Gratuity Plan were insignificant for the fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 
2015.  

Severance Pay – Italy  

We  accrue  a  severance  provision  and  pay  related  taxes  to  local  governmental  agencies  consistent  with  local 
regulatory requirements. There were no severance plan expenses for fiscal year 2016 and insignificant plan expenses for 
fiscal year 2015.We closed the Italy office during fiscal year 2016.  

Warranty  

We generally warrant that the program portion of our software will perform substantially in accordance with certain 
specifications for a period up to one year from the date of delivery. Our liability for a breach of this warranty is either a 
return of the license fee or providing a fix, patch, work-around or replacement of the software.  

We  also  provide  standard  warranties  against  and  indemnification  for  the  potential  infringement  of  third  party 
intellectual property rights to our customers relating to the use of our products, as well as indemnification agreements with 
certain officers and employees under which we may be required to indemnify such persons for liabilities arising out of 
their duties to us. The terms of such obligations vary. Generally, the maximum obligation is the amount permitted by law.  

Historically,  costs  related  to  these  warranties  have  not  been  significant.  However,  we  cannot  guarantee  that  a 

warranty reserve will not become necessary in the future.  

Indemnification  

We have also agreed to indemnify our directors and executive officers for costs associated with any fees, expenses, 
judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by any of these persons in any action or proceeding to which any of 
those persons is, or is threatened to be, made a party by reason of the person’s service as a director or officer, including 
any action by us, arising out of that person’s services as our director or officer or that person’s services provided to any 
other company or enterprise at our request.  

Transfer pricing  

We have received transfer-pricing assessments from tax authorities with regard to transfer pricing issues for certain 
fiscal years, which we have appealed with the appropriate authority. We review the status of each significant matter and 
assess its potential financial exposure. We believe that such assessments are without merit and would not have a significant 
impact on our consolidated financial statements.  

8. LITIGATION  

In  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  we  are  involved  in  various  legal  proceedings  and  claims  related  to  alleged 
infringement of third-party patents and other intellectual property rights, commercial, corporate and securities, labor and 
employment, wage and hour, and other claims that are not expected to have a material impact. We have been, and may in 

80 

the future be, put on notice and/or sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights, including patent 
infringement. 

We evaluate all claims and lawsuits with respect to their potential merits, our potential defenses and counterclaims, 
settlement or litigation potential and the expected effect on us. Our technologies may be subject to injunction if they are 
found to infringe the rights of a third party. In addition, our agreements require us to indemnify our customers for third-
party intellectual property infringement claims, which could increase the cost to us of an adverse ruling on such a claim.  

9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT  

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures, defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair 
value of assets and liabilities, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the exchange 
price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the 
assets or liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Subsequent changes in 
fair value of these financial assets and liabilities are recognized in earnings or other comprehensive income when they 
occur. ASC 820 applies whenever other statements require or permit assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value.  

ASC 820 includes a fair value hierarchy, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, 
that is intended to increase the consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures. Valuation 
techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable 
inputs. Observable inputs reflect assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market 
data obtained from independent sources while unobservable inputs reflect a reporting entity’s pricing based upon their own 
market assumptions.  

The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:  

Level 1 – instrument valuations are obtained from real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving 

identical assets.  

Level 2 – instrument valuations are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments.  

Level 3 – instrument valuations are obtained without observable market value and require a high level of judgment to 

determine the fair value.  

 As of June 30, 2017 and 2016, we did not have any Level 1, 2 or 3 assets or liabilities.  

10. SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM  

On September 14, 2009, we announced that our board of directors approved a repurchase program under which we 
may purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of our common stock. The duration of the repurchase program is open-ended. Under 
the program, we purchase shares of common stock from time to time through the open market and privately negotiated 
transactions at prices deemed appropriate by management. The repurchase is funded by cash on hand. There were no shares 
repurchased during fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015.  

81 

 
11. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited) 

Following is a summary of quarterly operating results and share data for the years ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, 

respectively: 

1st Quarter    2nd Quarter     3rd Quarter      4th Quarter     Fiscal Year
(in thousands, except per share data) 

Fiscal 2017 
Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  14,745    $   14,999    $ 
Gross profit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   9,681    $ 
 9,936    $ 
Loss from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   (1,265)  $ 
 (298)  $ 
Net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   (2,411)  $   (1,049)  $ 
 (0.04)  $ 
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share . . . . . . .    $ 

 (0.09)  $ 

 13,850    $   14,621    $   58,215 
 9,208    $   37,016 
 8,191    $ 
 (331)  $   (3,725)
 (1,831)  $ 
 (45)  $   (6,020)
 (2,515)  $ 
 (0.22)
 (0.09)  $ 

 (0.00)  $ 

Fiscal 2016 
Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  16,476    $   18,986    $ 
Gross profit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  10,004    $   13,010    $ 
Income (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   (2,810)  $ 
 (516)  $ 
Net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   (3,237)  $   (1,379)  $ 
 (0.05)  $ 
Basic and diluted net loss per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 (0.12)  $ 

 16,291    $   17,622    $   69,375 
 10,570    $   12,102    $   45,686 
 109   $   (5,873)
 (2,656)  $ 
 1,377   $   (6,240)
 (3,001)  $ 
 (0.23)
 (0.11)  $ 

 0.05   $ 

12. SUBSEQUENT EVENT  

On September 19, 2017, our board of directors approved a repricing to $2.50 of certain outstanding options under 
our 2005 Stock Incentive Plan held by employees who are not executive officers or directors of the Company. The repricing 
applied to options held by such employees with an exercise price greater than $2.50 per share which was the closing stock 
price as reported on Nasdaq on September 19, 2017. 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
      
      
      
       
  
  
 
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
  
     
      
      
      
       
  
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9. 

CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  

None.  

ITEM  9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such 
term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure 
that  information  required  to  be  disclosed  by  us  in  reports  that  we  file  or  submit  under  the  Exchange  Act  is  recorded, 
processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and 
forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive 
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing 
and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, 
no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the 
disclosure controls and procedures are met. Our disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to meet reasonable 
assurance  standards.  Additionally,  in  designing  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  our  management  necessarily  was 
required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. 
The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood 
of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential 
future conditions.  

Based  on  their  evaluation  as  of  the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  our  Chief 
Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  have  concluded  that,  as  of  June  30,  2017,  our  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.  

Changes in Internal Controls. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in 
Rule  13a-15(f)  under  the  Exchange  Act)  that  occurred  during  our  last  fiscal  quarter  that  has  materially  affected,  or  is 
reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.  

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our management is responsible 
for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange 
Act Rules 13a-15(f). Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may 
become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted 
an  evaluation  of  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  the  framework  in  Internal 
Control—Integrated  Framework  (2013  Framework)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the 
Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013 
Framework), our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 
2017. 

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION  

None.   

83 

 
 
PART III  

ITEM  10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  

The  information  required  by  this  item  (with  respect  to  our  Directors)  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  the 
information under the caption “Election of Directors” contained in eGain’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission  in  connection with  the  solicitation  of  proxies  for  the  Company’s  2017  Annual  Meeting of 
Stockholders, the Proxy Statement.  

Certain information required by this item concerning executive officers is set forth in Part I of this Report under the 

caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant” and is incorporated herein by reference. 

The information contained under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the 
definitive Proxy Statement for the Company’s 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM  11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  

The  information  contained  under  the  heading  “Executive  Compensation”  and  under  the  captions  “Director 
Compensation,”  and  “Recent  Option  Grants”  in  the  definitive  Proxy  Statement  for  eGain’s  2017  Annual  Meeting  of 
Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM  12.  SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  

The information contained under the heading “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” 
in the definitive Proxy Statement for eGain’s 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM  13.  CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS  AND  DIRECTOR 

INDEPENDENCE  

The  information  contained  under  the  caption  “Related  Party  Transactions”  in  the  definitive  Proxy  Statement  for 

eGain’s 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM  14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES  

The  information  contained  under  the  heading  “Principal  Accounting  Fees  and  Services”  in  the  definitive  Proxy 

Statement for eGain’s 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference.  

84 

 
 
 
PART IV  

ITEM  15.  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  
(a) 

1. Financial Statements  

See Index to Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report.  

2. Financial Statement Schedule  

Financial statement schedule, which is included at the end of this report:  
Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.  

All other schedules have been omitted since they are either not required, not applicable or the information has been 

included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.  

3. Exhibits  

See Item 15(b) of this report.  

(b)  Exhibits  

Exhibit  
No. 

23.1 

31.1 

31.2 

32.1 

32.2 

The exhibits listed below are filed or incorporated by reference herein.  

Description of Exhibits 

Consent of BPM LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

Rule 13a/15(d)-14 Certification of Chief Executive Officer.* 

Rule 13a/15(d)-14 Certification of Chief Financial Officer.* 

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 of Ashutosh Roy, Chief Executive Officer.* 

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 of Eric Smit, Chief Financial Officer.* 

101.INS 

XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 

101.CAL 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 

101.DEF 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 

101.LAB 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 

101.PRE 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 

* 

The material contained in this exhibit is not deemed “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is 
not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the company under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934,  whether  made  before  or  after  date  hereof  and  irrespective  of  any  general  incorporation 
language contained in such filing.  

# 

Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit  
No. 

23.1 

31.1 

31.2 

32.1 

32.2 

EXHIBIT INDEX  

Description of Exhibits 

Consent of BPM LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

Rule 13a-15(e)/15(d)-15(e) Certification of Chief Executive Officer. 

Rule 13a-15(e) /15(d)-15(e) Certification of Chief Financial Officer. 

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 of Ashutosh Roy, Chief Executive Officer.* 

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 of Eric Smit, Chief Financial Officer.*  

101.INS 

XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 

101.CAL 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 

101.DEF 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 

101.LAB 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 

101.PRE 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 

* 

The material contained in this exhibit is not deemed “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is 
not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the company under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934,  whether  made  before  or  after  date  hereof  and  irrespective  of  any  general  incorporation 
language contained in such filing. 

# 

Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly 

caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.  

SIGNATURES  

Date: September 26, 2017 

eGAIN CORPORATION 

   By:    

/s/ ASHUTOSH ROY 
Chief Executive Officer 

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENT, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints 
Ashutosh Roy and Eric Smit, and each of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of 
substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place, and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all 
amendments to this annual report, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, 
with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission,  granting unto  said  attorneys-in-fact  and  agents,  and  each of  them,  full 
power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all 
intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-
fact and agents or their substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.  

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed below 

by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.  

Name 

Title 

Date 

/s/ ASHUTOSH ROY  
Ashutosh Roy 

   Chief Executive Officer and Director 

(Principal Executive Officer) 

    September 26, 2017 

/s/ ERIC N. SMIT  
Eric N. Smit 

  Chief Financial Officer 

September 26, 2017 

(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial 
 and Accounting Officer) 

/s/ CHRISTINE RUSSELL  
Christine Russell 

/s/ GUNJAN SINHA  
Gunjan Sinha 

   Director 

   Director 

/s/ PHIROZ P. DARUKHANAVALA  
Phiroz P. Darukhanavala 

   Director 

/s/ BRETT SHOCKLEY 
Brett Shockley 

  Director 

    September 26, 2017 

    September 26, 2017 

    September 26, 2017 

    September 26, 2017 

87 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS  
(in thousands)  

Amounts   

     Balance at       Additions     Written Off,     
  Beginning of    Charged to  

Period 

  Expense 

Net of 
  Recoveries 

  Balance at 
  End of Period 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: 

Year ended June 30, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
Year ended June 30, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
Year ended June 30, 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 

 756    $ 
 768    $ 
 574    $ 

 303    $ 
 264    $ 
 194    $ 

 (702)  $ 
 (276)  $ 
 —   $ 

 357 
 756 
 768 

88