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Eldorado Gold Corp

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FY2015 Annual Report · Eldorado Gold Corp
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BALANCING
our
RESPONSIBILITIES

Eldorado Gold Year in Review and Financials 2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS

YEAR IN REVIEW
Eldorado Gold at a Glance   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 1
Our Strategy   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 2
Where we Operate  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 3
Letter from the President and CEO  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 4
2015 Highlights & Year in Review .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 6
Our Performance and Targets .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 8
Our Business  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 10
Our Approach to Responsible Mining .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 12
Contributing to Sustainable Development  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 14
Our Value Chain and Local Procurement  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 16
Governance and Transparency  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 18
Stakeholder Engagement  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 20
Materiality Assessment .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 22
Our Communities – Building Opportunities  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 24
Managing our Environmental Footprint  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 28
Managing our Inputs  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 32
Managing our Outputs  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 36
Biodiversity and Reclamation  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 38
Our People .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 40
Keeping our People Safe  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 44
GRI Index  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 48
Mineral Reserves  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 54
Mineral Resources  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 55
Cautionary Note about Forward-Looking  

Statements and Information  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 56

FINANCIALS
Financial Review .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . F1
Corporate Information  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 75

ABOUT THIS REPORT

This Report includes data on the operational, economic, environmental, and 
social performance of our six producing mines . While we discuss construction 
and development projects in relevant sections of this Report, our performance 
data is focused on our producing assets . Data represents the full 2015 calendar 
year, and all costs are reported in US dollars unless otherwise noted .

This Report has been prepared in accordance with the “Core” Global 
Reporting Initiative (GRI) fourth-generation (G4) Sustainability Reporting 
Guidelines (www .globalreporting .org/reporting/g4) . We currently do not 
externally verify the Sustainability Report, but the content has been prepared 
and reviewed internally .

Where applicable, restatements of prior-year data have been highlighted 
throughout the Report . Restatements occur as a result of updated or more 
accurate data becoming available after our previous 2014 Sustainability Report 
publication date .

Other In-Country Sustainability Reporting

■  Greece – Our Greek subsidiary, Hellas Gold publishes an annual Corporate 

Social Responsibility (CSR) report that is aligned with the GRI .

■  China – Our Jinfeng operation in China voluntarily publishes an annual 

CSR report in accordance with various Chinese reporting guidelines .

We welcome feedback from stakeholders regarding our sustainability 
reporting . Please direct comments or requests for further information to: 
sustainability@eldoradogold .com .

Rehabilitated areas of the Olympias tailings facility, Greece

 
ELDORADO GOLD  
at a GLANCE

Headquartered in Vancouver, Eldorado Gold is one of Canada’s 
leading mid-tier public gold companies, with shares trading on the 
Toronto (TSX: ELD) and New York (NYSE: EGO) stock exchanges. 

Eldorado’s operations are global and we have assets in Turkey, China, Greece, Romania and Brazil . 
Our activities involve all facets of mining, including exploration, development, production and 
reclamation . In 2015, we produced 723,532 ounces of gold and had proven and probable gold 
reserves of approximately 25 million ounces . Eldorado is the largest foreign gold producer in China 
and operates the largest gold mine in Turkey .

Our 33 offices, operations and projects employ approximately 7,300 people worldwide . We operate 
as a decentralized business, with the majority of employees and management being nationals of the 
countries where our operations and offices are located .

Our success is based on a low-cost strategy, a highly skilled and dedicated workforce, safe and 
responsible operations, and long-term partnerships with the communities where we operate . 

Eldorado has a market capitalization of over $2 billion and revenues of approximately 
$0 .9 billion per year .

For more information on Eldorado Gold, our entities, and financial performance, please see our 
2015 Annual Information Form on our website: www .eldoradogold .com/investors/financial-
information/filings .

DID YOU KNOW?

Eldorado operates 
Turkey’s largest gold 
mine: Kişladağ  

Eldorado’s assets in Greece 
have the potential to make 
the country a leading 
European gold producer

KEY FACTS

7,300 

employees & contractors 
worldwide

5

countries of operation

6

producing mines

25

years’ experience in  
building and operating 
mines globally

724,000 oz

gold produced in 2015

25

Moz gold reserves

Production from our two 
Turkish mines accounts for 
more than 40% of Turkey’s 
total annual gold production

Eldorado was the first 
Western company to 
build and operate a gold 
mine in China

Crushed ore being transported 
via conveyor at Kişladağ, Turkey

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    1

OUR STRATEGY

We aim to build value for all those invested 
in us – from our employees to our neighbours 
and shareholders. We do this by discovering, 
acquiring, and developing quality gold assets 
in prospective jurisdictions. This has been our 
strategy for the past 20 years and underpins 
our vision to build a sustainable, high-quality 
business in the gold sector. 

Kişladağ open pit at dusk, Turkey

2    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

OUR STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

Our success to date stems from a commitment to the following 
four strategic priorities .

1. Quality Assets

  Our business is based on a portfolio of long-life, low-

cost assets in prospective jurisdictions . The quality of our 
asset base allows us to achieve long-term growth with 
high margins, enhancing our ability to generate free 
cash flows and earnings per share .

2. Operational Excellence

  We invest in new technologies and training our people 

in order to increase productivity, reduce risk and operate 
to guidance year-on-year .

3. Capital Discipline

  Capital discipline underpins every business decision 

we make . We consider all competing uses of cash and 
prioritize capital for sustaining our operations and 
developing our key projects .

  Our balance sheet strength is a key competitive advantage, 
as it positions us to develop our assets, take advantage of 
opportunities and withstand market pressures .

4. Accountability

  We are committed to doing business honestly, respecting 
our neighbours, minimizing our environmental impacts 
and keeping our people safe . Operating this way is 
essential to the sustainability of our business .

“Eldorado has always focused on 
developing quality assets managed 
by strong technical teams, prioritizing 
stakeholder relationships at all 
levels and conducting exploration in 
prospective geological locations.”

Paul Wright 
President and CEO

WHERE we OPERATE

Our activities span three continents: Europe, Asia and South America. We have 
strategically built our portfolio in under-explored, highly prospective areas that 
offer the potential for long-term growth and access to high-quality assets.

The maps below show the locations of our operations, along with Eldorado’s percentage 
ownership of each asset.

EUROPE

LEGEND

Deva

11

ROMANIA

7

3

10

GREECE

Ankara

TURKEY

Athens

1

2

8

ASIA

9

6

4

Beijing

CHINA

5

SOUTH AMERICA

13

12

BRAZIL

Belo Horizonte

OPERATING MINES

1

2

3

4

5

Efemçukuru, Turkey (Gold – 100%)

Kişladağ, Turkey (Gold – 100%)

Stratoni, Greece (Silver, Lead, Zinc – 95%)

Tanjianshan, China (Gold – 90%)

Jinfeng, China (Gold – 82%)

  White Mountain, China (Gold – 95%)
6

CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

7

8

9

Olympias, Greece (Gold, Silver, Lead, Zinc – 95%)

Skouries, Greece (Gold, Copper – 95%)(1)

Eastern Dragon, China (Gold, Silver – 75%)

EVALUATION &  
DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

10

11

12

Perama Hill, Greece (Gold, Silver – 100%)(1)

Certej, Romania (Gold, Silver – 81%)

Tocantinzinho, Brazil (Gold – 100%)

CARE & MAINTENANCE

13

Vila Nova, Brazil (Iron Ore – 100%)

• 

Country Office

(1)   Both Skouries and Perama Hill were put on care and maintenance in January 2016.

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LETTER from the 
PRESIDENT and CEO

Paul Wright, President and CEO

Over the past 20 years, Eldorado Gold has built 
more than just mines. In that time, we have 
helped establish Turkey’s gold mining industry, 
brought leading safety and environmental 
standards to new mining jurisdictions, and helped 
local communities achieve a better standard of 
living. Patience, dedication and dialogue have 
allowed us to enter six new countries, build and 
expand eight mines and develop Eldorado into 
a leading mid-tier gold producer.

Paul N. Wright 

President and Chief Executive Officer

4    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

“Our six mines continued 
to outperform in 2015, 
exceeding our initial 
production guidance 
by nearly 10%.”

“Our teams’ efforts resulted 
in a 25% improvement in 
accident rates across our 
global operations.”

1.03

Total Lost-Time Injury 
Frequency Rate

“We will continue to invest 
in our people, our operations 
and our communities to ensure 
that we remain welcome 
partners in the areas where 
we operate.”

The integrity of our teams and their ability to build relationships, trust and 
mutual respect with key stakeholders underpins our history of successful 
operations . We are guided by the values of honesty, openness and 
accountability and we continue to measure our performance beyond the 
balance sheet .

This report outlines our operational and sustainability performance for 
2015 . We use a wide range of metrics to track our progress from year to 
year, noting areas where we have improved and identifying areas where 
we can improve further . This data-driven approach helps us set targets for 
subsequent years and focus our resources on areas of mutual importance 
to our operations and stakeholders .

Exceeding Our Guidance

From an operational standpoint, our six mines continued to outperform 
in 2015 . We produced a total of 723,532 ounces of gold, exceeding our 
initial guidance of 640,000 to 700,000 ounces . Cash operating costs 
were at the low end of our forecasts, finishing the year at $552 per 
ounce, and all-in sustaining costs were $842 per ounce . Accounting for 
depletion, our reserves and resources for the year were down slightly; 
however, we have an impressive total proven and probable gold reserve 
base of nearly 25 million ounces of gold and a leading reserve life in 
comparison to our peer group in the gold industry . With the price of 
gold significantly down from its 2011 high of over $1,900 per ounce, we 
remain disciplined in allocating funds prudently to our growth projects so 
that we can maintain the financial flexibility that will enable us to sustain 
and grow our business .

Focusing on Safety

From our commitment to health and safety, I am proud to report that 
our teams’ efforts resulted in a 25% improvement in accident rates 
across our global operations, achieving a total Lost-Time Injury Frequency 
Rate of 1 .03 . We had no fatalities in 2015, but I am deeply saddened 
to report the tragic death of Mr . Konstantinos Strounis, an experienced 
underground miner at our Stratoni mine in Greece, in February 2016 . 
A mines inspector examined the scene immediately following the fatal 
accident and found no substandard operating conditions . We are 
waiting on the inspector’s final report; however, we do not rest on that 
and are ensuring we do everything we can to prevent further incidents . 
Our internal investigation has resulted in findings that we have acted 
upon immediately, in order to reduce the likelihood of a similar accident 
occurring again .

Committed to Environmental Best Practices

On the environment side, we are proud to have achieved another year 
with no reportable environmental incidents . With Efemçukuru receiving 
ISO 14001 certification in 2015, all of our operations in Turkey and Greece 
are now certified to this global standard .

We demonstrated our commitment to implementing best practices at our 
mine sites by completing International Cyanide Management Code (ICMC) 
certification at our Jinfeng and Tanjianshan mines . This is an enormous 
accomplishment for our site teams and I am proud to report these are the 
first two gold mines in China to be ICMC certified .

As a member of the Mining Association of Canada, we achieved our 2015 
target of assessing our operations’ conformance to the protocols outlined 
in the Towards Sustainable Mining framework . All sites completed full 
reviews, and while each identified gaps at various stages of the protocols, 
we are working to further improve our internal processes and standards 
over the next two years as we move towards formal implementation of the 
framework at each of our operations .

Engaging to Build Trust

Our track record of building long-term relationships with local 
communities and all levels of government in Turkey, China and Brazil has 
set the bar for how we engage with our stakeholders in Greece . Despite 
the Greek courts upholding the legality of our permits for our Skouries 
and Olympias projects on numerous occasions, we continue to face 
permitting challenges with the current Greek Ministry of Environment and 
Energy . We strive to operate to the highest environmental, health, safety 
and community standards and we continue to work hard to demonstrate 
this responsible approach to the Greek government . We made a 
commitment to these projects when we acquired them back in 2012, 
and we remain dedicated to their development over the long term .

Looking Ahead

Our consistent production, organic exploration potential, financial stability 
and low debt, an enviable project pipeline and the long lives of our assets 
place us in a strong position for sustainable growth . Looking ahead, we 
have set ambitious targets for our operations in 2016 that encompass 
economic, health, safety, environmental and community aspects . Of note, 
we aim to become a signatory to the UN Global Compact and to 
strengthen the existing grievance mechanisms at sites . We will continue 
to invest in our people, our operations and our communities so that we 
remain welcome partners in the areas where we operate .

It is the passion and dedication of our global team that has built Eldorado 
into the company that it is today . I am honoured to work with people 
who exhibit quality and integrity in all that they do .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    5

2015 HIGHLIGHTS & 
YEAR in REVIEW

$6.05 million 

($11.1 million in 2014)(1)

The amount we invested in social 
responsibility projects in the 
communities where we operate .

NaCN 

Three of Eldorado’s four sites 
using cyanide have achieved certification 
under the International Cyanide 
Management Code .

305% 

(433% in 2014)

The total volume of water processed by 
our water treatment plants as a percentage 
of total water use across all of our sites . 
At Kişladağ, we recycled and reused nearly 
35 times more water than we withdrew 
from local water sources .

4.59 TRIFR 

(6.69 in 2014)

A 31% reduction in our company-wide 
2015 Total Recordable Injury Frequency 
Rate (TRIFR) per million hours worked . This 
reflects a company-wide reduction of lost-
time injuries, medical-treatment injuries, 
and restricted-work injuries in 2015 .

1.03 LTIFR 

(1.38 in 2014)

99% 

The percentage of employees at each of 
our sites who are from that country .

A 25% reduction in our company-wide 
2015 Lost-Time Injury Frequency Rate 
(LTIFR) per million hours worked . This is the 
fourth year that Eldorado has achieved an 
annual reduction in its LTIFR .

4,703 m3

The number of cubic metres of topsoil 
stockpiled for reclamation at Jinfeng 
in 2015 . 

23 ha 

The number of hectares of rehabilitated 
land at our sites in 2015 .

0

The number of reportable spills that 
occurred at Eldorado’s sites in 2015 .

2 million
plants and 
250
species

The number of plants growing in our 
Olympias Plant Nursery – one of the 
largest nurseries in northern Greece – 
as part of Eldorado’s rehabilitation and 
landscaping efforts in the region .

6    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

(1)   Two large community projects (funding for a new elementary school and university buildings 
in Turkey) were completed in 2014, hence a decrease in 2015 community spend .

YEAR IN REVIEW 

Q1 2015

Q4 2015

■  Jinfeng: Became the first operating mine in China to achieve 
International Cyanide Management Code (ICMC) certification

■  Vila Nova: Was placed on care and maintenance pending a 
recovery in iron ore prices; unfortunately, this resulted in the 
termination of ~200 full-time positions

Q2 2015

■  Kişladağ: Completed the recertification of the ISO 14001 

environmental management system 

■  All operations in China began implementing the Country 

Strategic Occupational Health and Safety Plan

■  Jinfeng: A $444 fine was issued to our Jinfeng operation, 

related to two minor non-compliances of effluent discharge that 
occurred in Q1 and Q3 2014

■  Eastern Dragon: Received Project Permit Approval from the 

National Development and Reform Commission, which included 
a review and verification of previous permits granted, including 
the Environmental Protection Assessment, the Social Risk 
Management Licence and all relevant business licences

■  Tocantinzinho: Completed a positive feasibility study 

■  Certej: Completed a positive feasibility study

Q3 2015

■  Efemçukuru: Successfully completed the ISO 14001 and OHSAS 

18001 (Occupational Health and Safety) external audits 

■  Kişladağ: Received an award from the Marmara region 

industrial zone recognizing the site’s environmental management 
systems and performance

■  Jinfeng: Invited to attend the 2015 Guizhou Provincial 

Corporate Social Responsibility Release Conference with Jinfeng’s 
Corporate Social Responsibility Report

■  Tanjianshan: Completed the raise of the tailings dam 4 without 

any significant health, safety or environmental incidents

■  Hellas Gold: Greece’s Ministry of Environment and Energy 

revoked approved technical studies, preventing the company 
from progressing its development plans in Halkidiki . In January 
2016, Greece’s top administrative court ruled that the decision 
to revoke Eldorado’s mining licence was baseless

■  Hellas Gold: Provided opportunities to 266 local summer 

student trainees from the Aristotle Municipality

■  Certej: Romanian court ruled that our environmental permit for 

Certej is valid

■  All operations in Turkey, China and Greece completed a 

gap assessment against the Mining Association of Canada’s 
Towards Sustainable Mining framework, to prepare for 
implementing this framework

■  Kişladağ: Completed a biodiversity conservation site study; 
no impacts were found outside the mine site boundary

■  Kişladağ: Delivered environmental management refresher 

training to over 1,000 employees and contractors

■  Tanjianshan: Achieved ICMC certification in December

■  White Mountain: Achieved 98% compliance with the ICMC . 

Full certification with the Code cannot be achieved until cyanide 
jurisdictional, manufacture and transport arrangements are 
agreed to and amended with the local government

■  New site records of 543 days (Jinfeng) and 298 days (White 

Mountain) without a lost-time injury, as at December 31, 2015

■  All of our China sites achieved zero lost-time injuries in 2015

■  Hellas Gold: Received prizes in all four categories entered at 
the national HR Awards, including: Excellence in Workplace 
Well-being; Excellence in Performance Management Strategy; 
Best Performance Management Tools / Practices; and Best Local 
Recruitment Practices 

■  Tocantinzinho: Submitted our application for the installation 

licence to local authorities

Gold Production 2015

Gold production of 723,532 ounces

(1)

2%

53%

45%

Gold Reserves 2015

Gold reserves of ~25 million ounces

Turkey
China
Greece
Romania
Brazil

7%

10%

34%

35%

14%

(1)  Production is from tailings 

retreatment at Olympias .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    7

OUR PERFORMANCE and TARGETS

Our focus on building value for all those invested in us and our commitment to 
operating to the highest health, safety, and environmental standards continues 
to drive our performance targets each year.

2015 PERFORMANCE

Achieved

Partially Achieved

Not Achieved

Area

Economic/
Operations

Target

Result

Comment

Produce between 640,000–700,000 ounces 
of gold 

Deliver cash operating costs between 
$570–$615 per ounce

Produced 723,532 ounces of gold

Cash operating costs of $552 per ounce

Deliver AISC between $960–$995 per ounce

AISC of $842 per ounce

Maintain gold reserves between 20 and 
25 times the production rate

Continue to advance our development 
projects at Skouries and Olympias in Greece

Remain in the lowest quartile of industry 
cash costs

Maintain liquidity of no less than $200 million

Maintain a debt-to-capital ratio of less 
than 30%

Gold reserves of ~25 million ounces,  
over 30 times the production rate

Phase I at Olympias was completed in early 2016; while 
Skouries was put on care and maintenance in January 
2016, development progressed throughout 2015

Our flat cash costs year-on-year continues to place us 
in the lowest quartile of industry cash costs 

Total liquidity of ~$668 million at year-end 2015 
and rigorous planning, budgeting and forecasting 
processes in place

Debt-to-capital ratio of 10 .8%

Pay a semi-annual dividend

Paid dividends of CDN$0 .02/share

Health, Safety, 
Environment

Zero fatalities

Reduce our LTIFR

Identify and mitigate safety risks

Align sites’ management processes with 
MAC’s TSM Health and Safety protocol

Work to align our site, regional and 
corporate-level crisis management 
communication plans with MAC’s TSM 
Crisis Management protocol

Have no reportable environmental incidents

Become ICMC compliant at all our Chinese 
operations (Jinfeng, Tanjianshan and 
White Mountain)

8    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

No fatalities in 2015

Reduced LTIFR to 1 .03 from 1 .38 in 2015

30% reduction in accident rates at our 
Chinese operations

All sites completed a full review throughout the year 
and found the existing safety management to be 
aligned with TSM at levels B and above

All sites reviewed and updated crisis management 
plans accordingly . Plans reflect TSM protocols

No reportable environmental incidents occurred 
in 2015

Jinfeng and Tanjianshan received ICMC certification 
in January and December 2015 respectively . White 
Mountain made significant improvements in safe 
cyanide management and continues to benchmark 
its activities against the Cyanide Code protocols, but 
is currently prevented from achieving compliance 
because its cyanide supplier and transporter have 
opted not to become a signatory to the Code

2015 PERFORMANCE

Area

Governance

Target

Result

Comment

Align sites’ management processes with MAC’s 
TSM Tailings Management protocol

Gap assessments were completed; all sites have 
undergone third-party review

Improve the transparency of our commitment 
to health, safety and the environment by 
updating existing policies

Improve the transparency of our 
commitment to human rights by formalizing 
a corporate policy

Adhere to the World Gold Council’s  
Conflict-Free Gold Standard

Continue to be transparent by publishing 
annual reports to GRI guidelines

Maximize the value of our Chinese assets

Continue to treat our host communities 
with respect and deliver tangible and 
ongoing benefits

Expand our channels of engagement 
with stakeholders

Align sites’ management processes with 
MAC’s TSM Aboriginal and Community 
Outreach protocol

Published updated policies in January 2016

Published and distributed a human rights policy in 
January 2016

All our operations continue to meet the Conflict-
Free Gold Standard

This is our fifth report which aims to incorporates 
elements of the Annual Reports as well

Exploration of listing assets on Hong Kong Stock 
Exchange or sale of assets ongoing

Donations and community spending totalled 
$6 .5 million in 2015

Development of our sustainability blog and social 
media platforms

All sites have management processes for community 
outreach and completed assessments of these 
processes against the TSM protocol with results 
indicating a B or better rating

Community

2016 TARGETS

Area

Target

Economic/Operations

Produce between 565,000–630,000 ounces of gold

Deliver cash operating costs between $585–$620 per ounce

Maintain gold reserves between 20 and 25 times the production rate

Maintain a debt-to-capital ratio of less than 30%

Health, Safety, Environment

Zero fatalities

Achieve a minimum 10% year-on-year improvement in the Reportable Injury Frequency Rate

Implement a Corporate Safety Directive across all regions

Improve scores at sites for MAC’s Health and Safety protocol

Conduct review for alignment with the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights;  
implement plans to close any gaps

Have no reportable environmental incidents

Continue ICMC compliance at current operating sites, design new projects to standards upon start-up

Increase availability and transparency of environmental data collected at sites

Governance

Review plans for an employee diversity policy

Become a signatory to the UN Global Compact

Develop reporting systems compliant with the Extractive Sector Transparency Measures Act guidelines to 
enhance transparency of payments in the countries where we operate . Initial reporting under the act is 
due by May 2017

Community

Implement formal grievance mechanisms at sites that do not already have one

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    9

OUR BUSINESS

CREATING VALUE THROUGHOUT THE MINING LIFE CYCLE

We find, mine and produce gold. At each stage of the mining process, we aim to create value for all of 
our stakeholders while operating responsibly. For us, this means developing strategies to mitigate our 
risks and impacts while also building opportunities for those whose lives our operations touch, either 
directly or indirectly. 

Exploration

Development

Construction

Mining & 
Processing

Reclamation,  
Care & Maintenance, 
& Closure

Exploration

Our exploration and business development teams actively look for new 
resources within our focus jurisdictions and in new regions . They assess 
early and advanced stage exploration projects and conduct near-mine and 
grassroots exploration programs with the aim of adding value through 
discovery in order to increase our resources and reserves .

During grassroots exploration, small teams visit prospective areas to 
conduct geological surveys and sampling . If results indicate a possible 
mineralized deposit, we drill exploration holes to determine whether 
economically viable concentrations of metals exist . During this phase, 
we engage with local community members to identify their social and 
environmental concerns . We also begin conducting environmental 
baseline studies . 

These studies give us a picture of the capital costs required for development 

and the longer-term economics of the project . We are then able to decide if 

a capital investment makes economic sense, in order to begin construction .

We also conduct extensive environmental testing during this phase to 
establish baseline data for air, water, soil and biodiversity . This information 
becomes part of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) (also known 
as an Environmental Impact Study) that must be completed and 
approved by the relevant authorities before a mine can be developed . 
The environmental permitting process also enables us to consult with the 
community to obtain input and commentary .

Infrastructure development initiatives – such as improving roads, building 

sewage systems and drilling water wells – may also commence, according 

to local community needs . 

Development

During the development stage, we complete feasibility studies 
to determine:

■  The optimal mining methods and mineral recovery processes 

for a project

■  The required infrastructure

■  The best placement of facilities, based on thorough impact 

and mitigation assessments

■  The required monitoring, closure and reclamation plans

10    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Construction

Once our EIA is approved and we have received any other relevant 
permits, we can begin construction . The risk mitigation measures 
identified in the EIA guide all of our activities .

Construction employs the greatest number of people in the mining life 
cycle and we add significant value to local economies through this job 
growth . We aim to hire local residents and we train all of our employees 
and contractors in the industry’s leading environmental, health and safety 
practices, procedures and controls .

Based on our dialogue with local communities, we identify gaps in skills 
and capacity, provide on-the-job training and if needed work with local 
technical schools and universities to enhance their mining-specific and 
trades programs so that local residents can increase their prospects of 
employment with us .

 
Mining and Processing

During production, ore is extracted from underground and/or open pit 
mines . It is then processed to extract metals such as gold and silver . 
The leftover waste is placed in an engineered facility or placed back 
underground as backfill . An ongoing monitoring plan – to test air, water 
and soil quality, and noise, blast vibration and dust levels – enables us to 
comply with environmental regulations .

We add value during the production phase through a commitment to 
operational excellence and community engagement . New equipment and 
technologies, continuous improvement projects, low accident rates, good 
environmental stewardship, and effective internal procedures all combine 
to deliver productivity benefits . Consultation with local communities helps 
us identify where we can help create new opportunities for sustainable 
economic development . 

Reclamation, Care and Maintenance, 
and Closure

Restoring the land so it is compatible with the surrounding landscape is 
a priority for us and our communities . How we conduct our rehabilitation 
in one jurisdiction impacts our welcome in another jurisdiction . Prior to 
and throughout a mine’s operation, we develop plans for mine closure . 
These address:

■  Decommissioning – dismantling project infrastructure such as 

facilities and buildings

■  Reclamation – revegetating disturbed areas

■  Ongoing monitoring – long-term monitoring 

of environmental parameters

■  Closure costs – provisions are made and updated regularly

Whenever possible, remediation is done during the mine’s operation, 
and topsoil from mining and construction areas is stored for later use 
in reclamation activities . We investigate different plant, shrub and tree 
species suitable for local propagation in studies that are typically done 
in onsite greenhouses . 

When we close a mine site, we conduct further reclamation activities as 
required in our EIA so that the environment can successfully transition to 
a productive ecosystem . 

Tocantinzinho gold project, Brazil

SPOTLIGHT: RESPONSIBLE FROM THE START: 
OUR TOCANTINZINHO PROJECT

As we advance our Tocantinzinho project in Brazil through the 
permitting process, an environmental consulting company has been 
conducting baseline assessments on the water, soil, air, archaeological, 
flora and fauna conditions of the project area . At the same time, we 
are complying with 60 conditions of environmental monitoring, as set 
out in our environmental licences, and are reporting the results to the 
relevant local, state and national environmental agencies . For example, 
we monitor surface and groundwater to analyze 19 physicochemical 
parameters, and we present this data in a monthly environmental 
monitoring report to the environmental agencies of the state . 

We are also looking ahead to identify opportunities to share the 
economic benefits associated with the project . In 2016, we will 
conduct a capacity assessment of local stakeholders to establish a 
baseline understanding of the skills and education levels in the project 
area . We plan to establish two training centres to offer vocational 
training aligned with the project’s skills requirements .

Vila Nova iron ore mine, Brazil

SPOTLIGHT: MAINTAINING ENVIRONMENTAL 
RESPONSIBILITIES DURING CARE AND 
MAINTENANCE AT VILA NOVA

In January 2015, we put our Vila Nova iron ore mine in Brazil on 
care and maintenance . Environmental monitoring at the operation 
continues, and we report to state and federal environmental agencies 
on a monthly, quarterly and bi-annual basis . Although no mining 
or processing activities are occurring at the site, our compliance 
with legal conditions and reclamation activities remains unchanged, 
and no notices of violations were issued by environmental agencies 
in 2015 . We also continue to support our community outreach 
activities – for example, we maintain our support for the Athlete of 
the Future Program, which was launched in 2013 in partnership with 
local schools to stimulate interest in academics and sports . For more 
information on our Athlete of the Future program, view our video: 
www .eldoradogold .com/news-and-media/video-library/ . 

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    11

OUR APPROACH 
to RESPONSIBLE MINING

For Eldorado, operating responsibly means protecting the environment, providing safe 
workplaces for our people, maintaining good relationships with our stakeholders, and investing 
in infrastructure, economic development, health and education in the communities where we 
operate. From exploration to reclamation, we anticipate our impacts and monitor our progress 
in order to achieve the high standards we have set for ourselves. 

This commitment to excellence is our approach everywhere we do business.

OUR GUIDING PRINCIPLES

Our guiding principles underpin all that we do .

ACT WITH INTEGRITY
We are committed to being 
honest, straightforward and 
accountable in all our 
business practices.

BEHAVE RESPONSIBLY
We strive to demonstrate that 
mining can be done 
responsibly. We do this by 
emphasizing environmental 
stewardship at every stage of 
the project life cycle.

ENRICH LIVES
We aim to create real, lasting 
and tangible benefits for the 
people whose lives our 
operations touch.

OPERATE SAFELY
People come first. We implement 
industry best practices, adhere to 
all safety regulations and have 
strict management systems in place 
to promote a culture of safety 
wherever we operate.

ENGAGE OPENLY
We believe that clear, 
comprehensive disclosure, high 
standards of corporate governance 
and ethical business practices are 
the only way to do business.

12    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

OUR GUIDING FRAMEWORKS

To support our internal policies and rigorous controls on ethical conduct, 
health and safety, and environmental and social responsibility, we 
participate in several global initiatives that establish standards and 
guidelines for best practice in these areas . Many of these frameworks have 
been developed in consultation with non-governmental organizations, 
academics, regulators and other stakeholder groups, and provide a means 
to verify, measure and report on our performance . These include:

■  World Gold Council’s Conflict-Free Gold Standard

■  United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights

■  Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights

■ 

ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems Standard

■  OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Management 

Systems Standard

■ 

International Cyanide Management Code

■  Mining Association of Canada’s Towards Sustainable Mining 

(TSM) Framework

■  Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4

■  Carbon Disclosure Project

Please see page 30 for a case study on how we have implemented the 
International Cyanide Management Code at our sites, and visit our website 
to view a copy of our Conflict-Free Gold Report: www .eldoradogold .com/
responsibility/our-approach/accountability .

Reclaimed areas at Kişladağ, Turkey

SPOTLIGHT: IMPLEMENTING MAC’S TOWARDS 
SUSTAINABLE MINING FRAMEWORK

In 2015, we advanced our implementation of the Mining Association 
of Canada’s (MAC) Towards Sustainable Mining (TSM) framework .  
Specifically, we identified four of the six TSM protocols as priorities 
for implementation: Tailings Management, Community Outreach, 
Safety and Health, and Crisis Management . In 2015, all operations 
conducted gap assessments against the management system 
requirements in each of the six protocols . As expected, we found that 
our sites’ existing practices already reflected many of the guidelines 
suggested by the TSM framework, particularly in the areas of Safety 
and Health and Community Outreach . For Crisis Management and 
Tailings Management, while existing practices and maintenance were 
deemed robust, we identified opportunities to further improve our 
alignment with the TSM protocols and have started taking action on 
these opportunities . Our development projects are also incorporating 
the TSM protocols into their management programs . 

Water collection and reclamation in progress at Kişladağ, Turkey

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    13

CONTRIBUTING to  
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Our operations contribute to the broader social and economic 
development of the communities and countries where we operate.

BUILDING OPPORTUNITIES 
AND ENRICHING LIVES

The benefits of our mining projects go far beyond the value of the 
metals we produce . Our projects create a series of direct, indirect and 
induced impacts that benefit local communities and national economies . 
This ripple effect of economic activity multiplies as it moves outwards 
from our mining projects .

Mining Creates Employment

Our mining projects create significant job opportunities for local 
communities and beyond . Direct jobs are created at the mine itself and 
indirect jobs are created throughout the industry supply chain . Jobs in the 
wider economy are created as demand increases for local services, such as 
shops, restaurants, hotels, schools and hospitals . The International Council 
on Mining and Metals (ICMM) estimates that for every one direct mining 
employee, three to five people may be employed indirectly elsewhere in 
the host nation’s economy .

Our emphasis on ongoing training provides our employees with 
opportunities to develop their skills while they work with us and enables 
them to pursue new opportunities once our operations end . 

Mining Generates Revenues

Our mines can be a significant source of income for employees and for 
governments . Our projects generate revenues in the form of wages, 
income taxes (personal and corporate), royalties and exports . Depending 
on metal prices, production from our assets can contribute significantly 
to a country’s trade balance . Studies by the ICMM indicate that for every 
$1 of economic activity invested by a mining project, an additional $3 or 
more is generated elsewhere in the host economy . 

Primary school in Uşak province, Turkey

Mining Builds Communities

The infrastructure we build for new mining projects, such as power, water 
and road development, also benefits local communities, particularly in 
more remote regions . Water wells have been used for agricultural activities 
in Greece and road development has improved transportation between 
villages near our Jinfeng mine in China . Our projects have also directly 
contributed to the well-being of communities through donations to health 
centres and sports facilities and by funding tuition costs and educational 
initiatives for local students, including at the university level . In Turkey, we 
helped construct a 42-classroom building for Uşak University and a primary 
school for 480 students, in addition to having worked with local farmers to 
develop agricultural co-ops . Improving educational outcomes for children 
and the ability to access better markets for farmers helps generate local 
economic capacity and a growing regional tax base . 

“Mining is one of the few industries that can still transform 
societies and provide quality of life for people in remote places 
around the world that other industries don’t necessarily reach.”

Paul Wright 
President and CEO

14    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF A MINING PROJECT

Increased need for 
municipal services
(police, fire, transport)

Development of 
local goods and services
(shops, grocers, 
restaurants, 
leisure activities)

Development 
of municipal facilities
(schools, universities, 
hospitals, sport centres)

Job creation
(wider economy)

INDUCED impacts result from 
employees of both the mine and 
the supply chain relocating to, 
and spending their wages in, the 
local community.

BANK

H

Utilities

Accounting and
legal services

Transport

Mining fleet 
(trucks and 
loaders)

Parts, equipment  
and machinery

Industrial 
materials

Engineering and 
environmental services

Job creation
(supply chain)

INDIRECT impacts result 
from suppliers purchasing 
goods and services to 
meet mine demand.

MINING PROJECT

Payments for 
land use

Infrastructure
development
(installation of power,
water, roads)

Lodging for
mine personnel

Salaries

Community 
projects

Skill development

Royalties

Sales of metals

Export revenues

Payments 
to suppliers

Job creation
(mining company)

Government taxes
(personal & corporate)

DIRECT impacts result from 
the development and 
operation of a mine.

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    15

OUR VALUE CHAIN 
and LOCAL PROCUREMENT

As a key source of employment and raw materials, mining is connected to almost all industries and 
their value chains. We recognize that our operations and investments have a profound impact locally, 
regionally and nationally. With operations and development projects in diverse jurisdictions across 
three continents, our value chain directly impacts numerous sectors and industries, including: 

■  Retail and consumer

■  Financial and investment

■  Manufacturing

■ 

Infrastructure and urban development

OUR VALUE CHAIN

■  Mobility

■  Power and electricity

The diagram below illustrates examples of Eldorado Gold’s own value chain, 
and industry and end-user demand for our products .

Suppliers

Contractors

Refiners

End-Users 

Suppliers

Refiners

Suppliers provide the materials and goods needed at our operations, 
such as mining equipment, fuel, explosives and chemicals . Where 
possible, we try to purchase goods and services from local suppliers 
in surrounding communities or within the host country . In those cases 
where we can’t procure specialist goods or services locally, we work 
within our jurisdictions to improve capacity or, on occasion, import from 
external suppliers .

Contractors

Contractors are hired for numerous activities across all stages of the 
mining life cycle . They provide access to specialized technical knowledge 
and skills, cost efficiencies, and satisfy short-term capacity demands such 
as during shutdowns or routine maintenance . 

Refiners purchase gold doré bars in order to further process and purify 
the metal . Once purified, gold bullion is registered on a commodities 
exchange such as CME Group, or traded in markets such as the London 
Bullion Market . 

End-Users

End-users of gold are widespread and include individuals, investors, 
scientists, manufacturers and central banks . The value of gold has 
been recognized for centuries and its unique properties (it is malleable, 
conductive, does not tarnish and alloys well) mean that the precious 
metal is used in a variety of applications, including jewelry, electronics and 
computers, dentistry and medicine, aerospace, and medals and awards .

16    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

 
LOCAL PROCUREMENT

The purchase of goods and services typically makes up 50-60% of the 
production cost of mining . Increasing the share of procurement that is 
captured by local firms can have a significant impact on the domestic 
economy in our operating jurisdictions .

While we do not have a formal policy, we encourage the purchasing 
departments at all of our sites to hire locally and use local suppliers 
wherever possible . We take action at our sites to identify and work with 
local suppliers to improve their capacity and ability to work with us . 
This maximizes our positive economic contribution in the regions where we 
operate and creates an effective network of suppliers close to operations, 
improving our operational efficiency .

Our broad target is to increase the percentage of the materials purchased 
from companies near our operations and projects every year . Local suppliers 
are developing their businesses and are increasingly capable of providing 
a larger proportion of the products and services required at our sites . 
Domestic suppliers of goods and services were the biggest recipients 
of our supplier expenditure in 2015, accounting for 84% of our host-
country investment .

LOCAL PROCUREMENT:

■  Creates jobs

■  Promotes skill development and technology transfer

■ 

Increases integration into global value chains

■  Formalizes local economies

■  Lowers procurement costs

■  Strengthens our social licence to operate

Local electricians work at Efemçukuru, Turkey

SPOTLIGHT: LOCAL PROCUREMENT IN TURKEY

After five years in operation, there are now nine local independent 
companies that provide services such as transport, welding, 
maintenance or electrical to our Efemçukuru mine site in Turkey . 
These contractors employ just over 100 people from the immediate 
local villages . The companies started by completing small pieces of 
work during the mine construction phase and have now gained the 
skills, certificates and licences needed to work on larger projects at the 
mine site . The Efemçukuru Construction Department works with local 
suppliers, helping them obtain the necessary permits and licences or 
gain additional skills needed to continue to work at the operation .

One such company is the Kizildaglilar Nakliyat Transport Service . 
Established in 2010 by 25 local community members, the company 
initially operated a single tank truck that was contracted to provide 
dust control on the mine access road at Efemçukuru . Today, the firm 
has just under 50 employees and a fleet of 20 vehicles . In addition 
to site services, the company also provides transport for Eldorado 
employees and visitors to and from site, and transfers for local high 
school and junior high school students .

TABLE 1: PAYMENTS TO SUPPLIERS

($ Millions)

Turkey

China

Greece

Romania

Brazil

Payment to domestic suppliers

Payment to international suppliers

Total

193

51

244

140

0

140

% Spend on domestic versus international suppliers

79%

100%

164

37

201

81%

20

8

28

6

0

6

70%

97%

Total All 
Juristictions

523

97

620

84%

We define “local” as procurement from contractors and suppliers located within the neighbouring villages and communities of our sites . However, for data-reporting purposes, we report on 
“payments to suppliers” within the categories of domestic and international suppliers only . Domestic suppliers include both local and national suppliers . If the money is spent within the country 
(even if the company is a multinational), we categorize it as an in-country or domestic spend .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    17

 
 
 
 
 
 
GOVERNANCE 
and 
TRANSPARENCY

Central to Eldorado’s record as a trusted 
operator is a commitment to ethical business 
practices and high standards of corporate 
governance. We recognize the importance of 
having an integrated approach to managing 
our operations, risks and relationships.

Efemçukuru processing plant, Turkey

18    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Governance at Eldorado is headed by our Board of Directors . 
The Board provides senior management with independent and 
objective advice . Our corporate governance policies explicitly 
require the Chairman of our Board and all members of our Board 
committees to be independent . Together, the Board works with 
senior management to set long-term goals, develop strategy and 
monitor Eldorado’s progress toward achieving its goals . The Board 
also regularly evaluates our principal business risks and monitors 
the effectiveness of our risk management process .

Our Board is composed of the following committees: 
Audit, Compensation, Corporate Governance and Nominating, 
and Sustainability .

Sustainability Committee

The Sustainability Committee oversees our policies, programs and 
practices in the areas of environment, health, safety, community 
relations and security . The Committee seeks to be assured 
that Eldorado consistently promotes ethical, transparent and 
responsible behaviour, and meaningfully engages its stakeholders .

The Sustainability Committee receives detailed quarterly reports 
from all sites and works with Eldorado leadership to suggest 
directives for senior management to pursue . The Committee 
receives a briefing within 24 hours if a fatality, serious lost-time 
injury, significant environmental incident or anything that is legally 
reportable occurs . The Committee periodically visits our sites for 
first-hand validation and interaction with our operations personnel .

For more information on our Board committees, visit  
www .eldoradogold .com/about-us/leadership/board-committees .

SENIOR MANAGEMENT OVERSIGHT

Eldorado operates with a decentralized, yet coordinated business 
infrastructure . Our senior management team in Vancouver 
works closely with management teams in each of our operating 
jurisdictions, ensuring a clear line of sight to each operation . 
Ultimate accountability for social and environmental performance 
rests with our President and Chief Executive Officer, while day-
to-day responsibility is shared at the corporate level by the Chief 
Operating Officer, the Senior Vice President, Operations, and the 
Vice President, Investor Relations and Corporate Communications .

In addition to frequent site visits, our senior management team 
aims for open communication and appropriate oversight through 
weekly reporting on safety, health, environment and community 
performance from site general managers and country managers .

CORPORATE DISCLOSURE AND TRANSPARENCY

Revenue Transparency

Our governance systems are designed so that we consistently evaluate 
and effectively manage our risks; this, in turn, helps us stay focused on 
our long-term planning, decision-making and communication . We believe 
that clear, comprehensive disclosure and open communication with our 
stakeholders will continue to encourage confidence in the legitimacy and 
honesty of our business practices . 

Governance Policies

Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, Anti-Bribery and Corruption 
Policy, and Insider Trading Policy reinforce our standards and values 
and outline our expectation that our employees and suppliers will 
operate in accordance with the highest standards of legal and 
ethical behaviour . We also outline our commitments to protecting 
the environment and the safety of our people and neighbours in our 
Environmental and Health and Safety policies . These were updated in 
2015 . In early 2016, we published a Human Rights Policy . For more 
information, visit www .eldoradogold .com/about-us/governance .

Sustainability Factors in Compensation

Regular performance reviews are performed at our sites, typically on 
an annual basis, although some sites conduct monthly performance 
reviews . Health, safety and environmental key performance 
indicators are embedded into performance reviews that are linked to 
compensation decisions . 

Revenue transparency is critical to our investors and stakeholders . 
Beyond public financial reporting, we aspire to further increase the level 
of disclosure we make with respect to payments made to governments 
as part of a broader industry mandate to fight corruption . We 
recognize the importance of initiatives such as the Extractive Industries 
Transparency Initiative (EITI) in improving revenue transparency, as well 
as in strengthening government and company systems, informing public 
debate, and enhancing stakeholder trust . While we do not operate in 
any EITI signatory countries, both Canada and the European Union (EU) 
have passed laws that require mandatory public reporting of payments to 
governments by the extractive sector . The respective laws are:

■  Canada’s Extractive Sector Transparency Measures Act (ESTMA), 

which came into force on June 1, 2015

■  EU’s Transparency and Accounting Directives (EU Directives), 

introduced in 2013

Eldorado’s first report under ESTMA – covering payments made to 
foreign and domestic governments at all levels during the 2016 fiscal 
year – will be published by the May 29, 2017 deadline prescribed by the 
Act . Reporting will be publicly available and will summarize Eldorado’s 
payments of taxes, royalties, fees, bonuses, production entitlements, 
dividends, and other categories of payment prescribed by the Act .

Under the EU Directives, member states were required to adopt the 
requirements into domestic law in 2015, becoming effective as of 
January 1, 2016 . Currently, Romania has implemented this legislation, 
while legislation in Greece is not yet in effect . We do not have mining 
operations in the Netherlands, therefore our Dutch subsidiaries fall 
outside the scope of the EU Directives . 

TABLE 2: PAYMENTS TO GOVERNMENTS(1)

($ Millions)

Royalties and land-use payments

Income and other corporate tax

Employee taxes

Other(2)

Total

Turkey

China

Greece

Romania

Brazil

2 .41

44 .60

15 .56

34 .00

96.57

3 .01

19 .40

2 .50

30 .69

55.60

0 .60

0 .44

9 .14

36 .65

46.82

0 .00

0 .00

0 .51

0 .57

1.08

0 .00

0 .00

0 .97

0 .40

1.37

Total All 
Juristictions

6 .02

64 .43

28 .69

102 .31

201.45

(1)   In future reporting, payments to Governments will be calculated and presented in a manner consistent with requirements outlined by the Extractive Sector Transparency Measures Act .

(2)   Payments of taxes related to procurement of goods and services including withholding taxes, import and fuel duties . Also includes indirect taxes (such as value-added tax) where these 

are not repaid to the company during the period .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    19

 
 
 
 
 
 
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT

We build trust through our ongoing 
collaboration with a broad range of stakeholders, 
which involves listening and responding to 
stakeholder interests and concerns. 

OUR STAKEHOLDERS

We define our core group of stakeholders as employees, contractors, 
suppliers, investors, local community members, governments, non-
governmental organizations (NGOs) and industry groups . Each stakeholder 
group has unique expectations, and we therefore tailor our engagement 
practices to best meet their needs .

Talking with local communities near Jinfeng, China

HOW WE INTERACT WITH OUR STAKEHOLDERS

Stakeholder Group

Employees

Shareholders

Ways We Interact

■  Corporate, regional and site personnel engagement
■  Employee newsletters, social media and email
■  Workplace health and safety committees
■  Performance and development reviews

■  Perception studies
■  Annual shareholder meeting
■  Quarterly conference calls to discuss results 
■  Frequent meetings

Government

■  Ongoing communication and dialogue with government officials at the municipal, regional and 

Suppliers and contractors

Industry associations

NGOs

Communities

national levels

■  Ongoing communication and dialogue between representatives
■  Performance reviews

■  Membership in industry associations such as the International Cyanide Management Institute, the 
World Gold Council, the Mining Association of British Columbia, and the Mining Association of 
Canada (MAC) . We also participate in several working committees, such as MAC’s International Social 
Responsibility Committee

■  At Kışladağ, we established an independent environmental committee, which includes representatives 

from NGOs

■  Ongoing community engagement activities, including collaborative community projects
■  Neighbourhood meetings
■  Site tours for local residents and students
■  Regional newsletters, local media and social media

20    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

GOVERNMENT RELATIONS

Effective communication with our local stakeholders is important to 

Mining is a heavily regulated industry and our operations are subject 

our continued success and we have made this integral to our operating 

to the laws and policies of the countries in which we operate . Our  

approach for decades . We have established various methods for 

in-country teams maintain regular dialogue with government authorities 

communicating with local stakeholders that emphasize two-way dialogue 

at the local, regional and national levels in order to better understand 

and provide opportunities for local stakeholders to submit anonymous 

government objectives and policies, provide information about our 

feedback to our site personnel . Please see Table 3 for details on the 

projects, discuss relevant issues, and advance our permits . At the 

various communication methods currently established at our operations .

corporate level, we work with ministerial offices and diplomats, both 

in Canada and abroad, to communicate our development successes 

Moving forward, Eldorado has committed to implementing a framework 

consistent with the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human 

and challenges .

Rights, and we are reviewing our approach to monitoring, documenting 

We advocate for clear, fair and transparent regulation and proactively 

and reporting on community feedback – including grievances – at 

share our experience as a global operator to help governments develop 

each operation in order to improve the way we track and respond 

and maintain appropriate legislation . We do not participate in any party 

to stakeholder concerns .

politics or make payments to any political parties .

TABLE 3: COMMUNICATION WITH LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS 

Turkey

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

China

White 
Mountain

Greece

Tanjianshan (1)

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

Local site grievance mechanism

Email feedback

Site office – Open door policy

Informal engagement  
(daily interaction in communities)

Formal engagement

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

N

N

Y

N

N

  N(2)

Y

Y

Y

Y

(1)   Tanjianshan is in a remote location, over 40 km from the nearest local community .

(2)  A local site grievance mechanism is planned but not implemented . Feedback through other mechanisms (e .g . email, meetings, website, etc .) 

are forwarded to the responsible departments, investigated and responded to .

TABLE 4: REQUESTS AND COMPLAINTS RECEIVED 

Number received

Predominant topics

Turkey

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

China

White 
Mountain

Greece

Tanjianshan (1)

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

3

71

18

133

Blasting 
vibration; dust

Dust; road 
maintenance

Community 
investment; 
local 
procurement

Blasting 
vibration; dust; 
water-related; 
employment

–

– 

10

Desire for 
employment 

(1)   Tanjianshan is in a remote location, over 40 km from the nearest local community .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MATERIALITY ASSESSMENT

This Report is an important tool we use to communicate with our various external stakeholders 
and we conduct an annual materiality assessment to identify the key topics and aspects that should 
receive attention in this Report. Although we have a clear understanding of what is important from 
an internal perspective, the annual materiality assessment process enables us to consider external 
views when we are identifying and selecting the sustainability topics to report on. 

We use the Global Reporting Initiative’s definition of materiality 
to determine the material topics to include in our Report. A topic 
is material if, in the view of senior management and/or key 
stakeholder groups, it is of such importance that it could in the 
short, medium or long term:

■  Have a substantive influence on the assessments and decisions 

of our stakeholders, or

■  Significantly impact Eldorado’s economic, environmental and 

social performance

IDENTIFICATION

Principles that guide our identification of material issues include:

As part of our formal process to identify material topics, we analyzed 
the prominent internal and external trends and events of 2015 . 

■  Stakeholder Inclusiveness: Have we identified and engaged with our 

key stakeholders?

Tending to saplings in our plant nursery at Kişladağ, Turkey

External Analysis

The mining industry engages with many interest groups, including 
governments, investors, contractors and suppliers, service providers, 
mining-affected communities, civil society organizations, organized 
labour, academia, research institutions and downstream users . When 
thinking about the most important topics of 2015, we considered the 
various perceptions that external stakeholder groups hold regarding the 
performance of Eldorado and the mining industry in general . We relied on 
stakeholder engagement records and other internal communications, as 
well as external resources such as media and industry reports to identify 
the material topics of greatest concern to external stakeholder groups .

Internal Analysis

Building on the comprehensive materiality assessment conducted by a third 
party for the 2014 Sustainability Report, we asked key internal stakeholders 
across our offices, operations and projects to identify the key achievements, 
challenges and trends of 2015 . The results of this survey were then 
analyzed in the context of the wider trends and events in the mining 
industry; global economic, social and environmental conditions; political 
landscapes; and popular opinion .

22    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

■  Relevance: Have we considered the relevance of all identified issues?

■  Significance: How important is the topic to our stakeholders? 

■  Control: How much do we own or control the issue?

■ 

Influence: How do we influence the issue?

■  Transparency: Are we clearly and openly reporting on the issue?

PRIORITIZATION

Over 40 topics were identified during the materiality assessment process . 
We assessed the relative importance of each topic to inform how much 
coverage we should allocate to the topic in our Report . If a topic is of 
greater importance, we include greater analysis of and commentary on 
the issue to explain how it impacts or could potentially impact Eldorado 
or its stakeholder groups, and how we manage the topic . 

The top 13 material topics are outlined in the matrix on the next page 
based on the significance of their economic, environmental and social 
impacts, as well as their influence on the assessments and decisions 
of stakeholders .

RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

Our stakeholders are interested in the issues and risks that affect Eldorado’s 
long-term business performance and sustainable development . The most 
significant trend identified in 2015 is the strong desire for more complete, 
comprehensive and transparent communication on environmental, social 
and governance performance . This has informed our approach to reporting 
on all of our material topics this year .

HIGHER 

s
r
e
d

l

o
h
e
k
a
t
S
o
t

e
c
n
a
t
r
o
p
m

I

Community Investment

Localization of
Goods & Services

Social Licence to Operate

Water Use

Biodiversity
& Reclamation

Waste Management
(including Tailings)

Overall Environmental
Performance

H

I

G

H

E

R

M

A

T

E

R
I

A

L
I
T

Y

Permits & Licences

Emergency
Preparedness

Health & Safety

Economic Performance

Workforce Skills
Development

Energy Use

LOWER

HIGHER 

MOST MATERIAL TOPICS IN 2015

Issue

Relevance

Impact on Eldorado

Economic/ 
Operations

Economic performance

Our ability to operate at a profit and return value to all our stakeholders is central 
to our contribution to sustainable development.

Health, safety, 
environment

Overall environmental 
performance

Improving our environmental performance and reducing our footprint improves our 
stakeholder interactions, credibility and reputation.

Waste management

Water

Health and safety

Biodiversity and reclamation

Energy use

Governance

Permits and licences

Emergency preparedness

Workforce skills development

Community

Social licence

Localization of goods 
and services

Community investment

Effective management of tailings and waste reduces the environmental risks and 
impacts associated with unplanned discharges.

Water management and recycling practices limit our reliance on water sources and 
prevents the release of contaminated water.

Protecting the health and safety of employees, contractors and communities is our 
biggest priority and a cornerstone of our company.

Identifying and protecting high value species and habitats, and returning landscapes 
to conditions similar to pre-disturbance, is critical to our social licence to operate and 
ability to advance new projects.

Reducing our energy use and associated greenhouse gas emissions is essential to 
improve our efficiency, lower operating costs, improve air quality and reduce our 
contribution to human-induced climate change.

Obtaining permits and licences in a timely fashion is critical for our project development 
and continued ability to operate.

By planning for emergencies, we identify, prioritize and implement controls for potential 
hazards at each of our sites, which help to minimize their impact while safeguarding our 
employees and the environment.

Investing in training and education can empower our workforce, raise 
productivity, boosts innovation, encourage broader investment and expand labour 
market opportunities.

Government and community support for our activities remained our most material issue 
in 2015, in order to maintain our social licence to operate.

Local employment and procurement provides significant direct and indirect benefits 
in the regions where we operate.

Investing in our communities helps to improve the education, health and sustainable 
development of local economies, both during and after mine life.

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    23

 
 
 
OUR COMMUNITIES –  
BUILDING OPPORTUNITIES

Everywhere we operate we aim to enrich 
lives by developing lasting opportunities for 
local communities. For the past 20 years, we 
have built partnerships with our stakeholders 
to improve infrastructure, health, education 
and support projects that will endure beyond 
the life of our operations. 

24    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Children play in the streets of Efemçukuru village, near Efemçukuru mine, Turkey

UNDERSTANDING HOW WE CAN CONTRIBUTE

We have conducted studies to anticipate and manage the social and 
economic impacts of our operations . Social Impact Assessments (SIAs) 
represent a best-practice approach to identifying local stakeholders and 
their social, cultural and economic characteristics . The purposes of an SIA 
are to analyze how a mining project may affect communities and define 
strategies to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive benefits . In 
addition to the operations listed in Table 5, our Certej and Eastern Dragon 
projects have also completed SIAs .

Donating clothes to local Buyi women near Jinfeng, China

TABLE 5: LOCAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT TOOLS 

Formalized stakeholder mapping

Social impact assessment

Public disclosure  
of impact assessments

Local community  
development programs

Turkey

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

China

White 
Mountain

Greece

Tanjianshan (1)

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

N

Y

N

N

N

Y

N

N

N

N

Y

In progress

Y

Y

(1)  Tanjianshan is in a remote location, over 40 km from the nearest local community .

LOCAL COMMUNITY INVESTMENT

Our operations are located in diverse jurisdictions, each with their own 

cultural and social characteristics . As a result, we have adopted site-

specific approaches to community investment that are appropriate to 

the local customs, values, and needs, yet are based on the same core 

principles of community inclusion and transparency in decision-making . 

TABLE 6: PAYMENTS TO COMMUNITIES AND COMMUNITY INVESTMENTS

($ Millions)

Turkey

China

Greece

Romania

Payments to communities and community investments

0 .96

2 .33

2 .63

0 .11

Brazil

0 .02

Total

6.05

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    25

 
 
 
 
Community Investment by Operation

Kişladağ, Turkey

Community relations personnel meet with stakeholders, local leaders, 
village mukhtars, mayors and sub-governors on an ongoing basis . 
There is a community interest group that meets every six months to 
determine investment priorities .

2015 Highlights:

■  Maintaining potable water sources for nine villages

■  Maintaining a sewage system for five villages

■  Maintaining village halls for three villages

Girls play in Gümüşkol village near Kişladağ mine, Turkey

Efemçukuru, Turkey

Jinfeng, China

Each quarter, community relations personnel engage with local 
communities through defined communication channels to collaboratively 
evaluate, prioritize and select community projects to be completed . 
Community investment projects are generally focused on health, 
education, agriculture and infrastructure . 

At the beginning of each year, the Four-Party Coalition (see case study 
on page 27) creates a list of agreed-upon community development 
projects . Benefits from the projects are aligned with stakeholder needs 
and implementation progress is monitored throughout the year . 

2015 Highlights:

2015 Highlights:

■  Promoting education by providing vehicles and transportation for 
44 students from local villages to and from their schools . In 2004, 
there was only one high school graduate in Efemçukuru Village . 
There are now 51 high school students and 7 university students from 
Efemçukuru . School uniforms and stationary were also provided to 
students in 2015, and general insurance costs for the local elementary 
school are paid by the mine

■ 

Investing in infrastructure including roads, the sewage system, 
a health clinic, an ambulance service, and weekly visits to local 
villages by the company doctor

■  Continuing to support the Efemçukuru Agriculture Development 

Cooperative, an initiative to promote modern agricultural techniques 
to increase crop quality and yields

■  Career training program for 25 female college students 

of Zhenfeng county

■  House-to-house footpath cementing in Bainitian sub-village

■  Sugar cane plantation

■  Sponsorship for four college entrants and 48 high school students 

in the community 

■  Ongoing Magazine-Lannigou Road upgrading

White Mountain, China

Water supply and road improvements were identified as top infrastructure 
priorities by the communities near our White Mountain operations .

2015 Highlights:

■  Water supply improvements

■  Continued road upgrades – 938 metres of public road through the 

community were paved by a local contractor

■  Education initiatives

■  Other public welfare investments, including the installation of solar 

street lighting and opening a new medical clinic

Annual income per capita in Diaoshuihu village has nearly tripled since 
2009, when Eldorado first acquired White Mountain . 

26    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Tanjianshan, China

Our Tanjianshan operation does not have local communities nearby . 
However, in 2015 we made donations to schools in the nearest community, 
which is approximately 40 kilometres away .

Greece

At our operations and development projects in Greece, community 
investment priorities are set after discussions with representatives of 
the local villages . They are also based on the annual materiality analysis 
Hellas Gold conducts as part of its Greek Corporate Social Responsibility 
reporting . Most community investments are for ongoing needs and 
infrastructure projects that are shared equally among community 
stakeholders . We also hold monthly meetings with the heads of the villages 
to discuss adjustments and evaluate the success of the infrastructure 
investments to date . 

2015 Highlights:

■  Continued to support the local health centre in Paleohori

■  Maintained local roads 

■  Maintained local monuments

■  Donated to schools

Over the past four years, we have provided over $4 million to the 
Municipality of Aristotle, where our Skouries and Olympias projects are 
located, to fund improvements to street paving, lighting, sewage and other 
municipal infrastructure . As our projects advance, we will continue to focus 
on community initiatives that develop sustainable social capital such as 
infrastructure development, educational initiatives and health care .

Cemented footpaths in local villages near Jinfeng, China

A Four-Party meeting in session at Jinfeng, China

SPOTLIGHT: THE FOUR-PARTY COALITION: 
COLLABORATIVE COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT 
IN CHINA

At all of our locations, we collaboratively engage with local 
communities to help their members build opportunities . In China, 
where Eldorado is the largest foreign gold producer, our community 
relations teams work closely with local stakeholders to better 
understand their concerns and find solutions to the issues that matter 
the most to them .

At two of our three mines in China, we have a Four-Party Coalition 
model in place to promote positive community relations and 
development . Set up in 2009 at White Mountain and in 2012 at 
Jinfeng, the coalition is made up of representatives from our mines, 
local government, host communities and academic institutions . 
The group meets monthly to discuss community issues and to 
identify and prioritize programs and activities that improve living 
standards and build local capacity . These include infrastructure 
development, improved access to education and health care, and 
agricultural initiatives .

Both mines promote the development of local businesses by providing 
them with opportunities to undertake contracts for the mines . For 
example, at both locations, local community members have started 
businesses that manufacture bricks from process tailings .

By involving local stakeholders in collective planning, decision-
making and implementation, the Four-Party Coalition represents a 
best-practice approach to rural community development in China . 
The Coalition has received praise from all levels of government in 
China and has gained state-wide media attention . 

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    27

MANAGING our  
ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT

We are committed to protecting our air, water and soil – resources that we 
all share. This is why we carefully plan, design and build our operations to 
limit their environmental footprint only to what is absolutely necessary. It is 
why we implement new technologies to get the best efficiency out of the 
resources and materials we use, strictly adhere to safety and environmental 
regulations, and reclaim areas no longer needed for mining use. And it is 
why we maintain systems to identify, manage, monitor and mitigate our 
potential impacts from project inception through to closure.

28    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Efemçukuru vineyard, Turkey

We are focused on maintaining sound environmental practices 
in all of our activities with the aim of developing and operating 
our mines in a responsible manner . Across all our operations and 
development sites, our actions are guided by the following principles 
for environmental excellence: 

■  Ensuring that the protection of human health and the natural 

environment is accomplished at the same time as benefits are derived 
from economic and social development

■  Providing necessary training on environmental matters to contribute 
to greater environmental awareness in our operating jurisdictions

■  Protecting environment-related social and cultural assets

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

We have achieved certification under the International Standards 
Organization 14001 (ISO 14001) Environmental Management System 
at several of our operations . The overall aim of ISO 14001 is to support 
environmental protection and prevent pollution . ISO 14001 represents a 
stringent guideline created to help organizations achieve environmental 
goals, using a structured approach that enables consistent environmental 
performance over time . Establishing environmental management systems 
at our operations has involved:

■  Developing site-specific environmental policies

■  Establishing objectives and processes to achieve the 

■  Making sure that all environmental legislation is strictly observed 

policy commitments

and complied with

■  Keeping all concerned parties – including employees, suppliers, 

contractors, and local communities – informed of technical subjects 
and legal arrangements regarding the environment

■ 

Informing the public, relevant government institutions and 
other stakeholders of our environmental performance in a fully 
transparent manner

■  Continuously taking action as needed to improve performance

■  Demonstrating our performance through regular audits and reporting

Our two mines in Turkey (Efemçukuru and Kişladağ) as well as our 
Halkidiki assets in Greece (Stratoni, Olympias and Skouries) are ISO 14001 
certified . In 2015, Efemçukuru and Kişladağ passed interim external 
audits to confirm their conformance with the ISO 14001 standard .

Our Chinese assets have developed environmental management 
systems that are based on the ISO 14001 standard, but have not 
sought certification . Certification under the ISO 14001 standard is an 
exceptionally rigorous process, and our Chinese assets have instead 
focused on achieving certification under the International Cyanide 
Management Code, which in itself, requires a rigorous environmental 
management system to be in place to achieve certification .

Every newly recruited employee, including the personnel of suppliers 
and contractors, must complete environmental training, and all existing 
employees are provided with ongoing environmental training to keep 
their environmental knowledge up to date . 

“We take our responsibility of preparing for and 
managing the mineral extraction process very seriously. 
We do all that we can to ensure that our activities have 
the least possible impact on our environment.”

Paul Skayman 
Chief Operating Officer

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    29

The ICMC audit at Tanjianshan, China

Informing local community members about our cyanide 
safety procedures near Jinfeng, China

SPOTLIGHT: RAISING THE BAR: ACHIEVING ICMC CERTIFICATION IN CHINA

Cyanide management is a core focus of our operating and monitoring 
activities at our sites that use cyanide to separate gold from ore . We use 
very dilute solutions, in the range of 0 .01-0 .05% sodium cyanide, and we 
have strict protocols and procedures in place for cyanide storage, handling 
and disposal .

5.  Decommissioning. When our operations end, we have stringent 

decommissioning plans in place to protect human health and wildlife .

6.  Worker safety. From contractors to employees, we consider the 
exposure risk to everyone on our sites, and work to minimize or 
eliminate this risk .

To ensure that our operations are implementing global best practices in 
cyanide management, we applied to become a Cyanide Code signatory 
in 2012 . The International Cyanide Management Code is a voluntary 
initiative for gold mining companies aimed at protecting human health and 
preventing adverse environmental impacts . The Code provides guidance on 
the safe management of cyanide before, during and after the gold recovery 
process . Certification involves an independent audit of mining operations 
to verify that sites’ policies and procedures meet the Code’s rigorous 
standards . Audit results are made public to inform stakeholders of the 
status of cyanide management practices at the certified operation .

Our flagship mine, Kişladağ in Turkey, was certified in 2013, and our Jinfeng 
and Tanjianshan mines became the first two gold mines in China to be 
certified, in 2015 . As part of certification, we developed and implemented 
additional health, safety and environmental management systems and 
procedures in order to fully comply with all nine of the Code’s principles:

1.  Production. Our mines use suppliers who limit their workers’ and the 

environment’s exposure to cyanide .

2.  Transportation. Our cyanide transporters have rigorous emergency 

response plans and cyanide management practices .

3.  Handling and storage. Our unloading, storing and mixing facilities 
comply with the Code, with effective ventilation and measures to 
prevent cyanide from leaching .

4.  Operations. Updated policies and emergency procedures that govern 
sites’ management and control of cyanide help facilitate its safe use .

30    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

7.  Emergency response. In the event of an emergency, our sites are 

prepared to protect human health and minimize environmental impacts 
through training and investment in appropriate response equipment .

8.  Training. Cyanide management is the responsibility of our employees 
and contractors, and their competency, skill and awareness begin with 
the training we provide them to safely operate with and respond to any 
issues with cyanide .

9.  Dialogue. We’ve successfully maintained communications with local 

populations and communities, informing them about our plans and the 
safety of our facilities .

Despite making significant improvements to cyanide management 
procedures at our White Mountain mine in China, the site does not 
currently comply with Cyanide Code Principles 1 and 2 because our cyanide 
supplier and transporter are not yet signatories to the Code . Rather than 
switch to a certified supplier, which would result in longer transport 
times and increased hazards associated with moving dangerous materials 
over significantly greater distances, our risk assessment resulted in our 
decision to continue working with our current close-proximity supplier and 
encourage its improved procedures and adoption of the Code over time .

For more information on the Cyanide Code,  
please visit: www .cyanidecode .org . 

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS

Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) are conducted to evaluate the 
potential impacts a proposed project may have on environmental resources 
and the people who depend on them . As part of permitting during project 
development, we comprehensively identify potential impacts and submit 
mitigation plans to regulators . Once completed, EIAs are comprehensive 
documents that include baseline studies to assess the current state of the 
environment at the proposed mine site . They also identify potential effects 
of our planned activities and outline steps to minimize any identified risks . 
EIAs require extensive consultation with local communities, as well as 
considerable input from technical and environmental experts . 

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

In line with international best practices, Eldorado regularly monitors air, soil 
and water quality, as well as noise levels and energy use at our operations . 
This not only confirms that we are operating within regulations but also 
provides us with a benchmark upon which we can implement programs to 
further minimize our use of water, energy and chemicals . 

As part of our commitment to transparency and accountability, we 
helped establish Independent Environmental Committees at Kişladağ and 
Efemçukuru in Turkey, and at Stratoni, Olympias and Skouries in Greece . 
These external groups include academics, scientists and representatives 
from the local authorities . Committee members collect environmental 
data from our sites and submit it to a third-party laboratory for testing, 
to ensure independence and accuracy . This approach has helped us develop 
our credibility by providing our stakeholders with third-party information 
they can trust . To further promote transparency, we are close to finalizing 
an online database where all of the environmental data from Stratoni, 
Skouries and Olympias will be publicly available in 2016 .

ENVIRONMENTAL FINES AND PENALTIES

We incurred one fine in 2015 associated with an environmental non-
compliance in 2014 . A $444 fine was issued to our Jinfeng operation for a 
permit non-compliance related to effluent discharge that occurred the prior 
year . In Q1 2014, the site reported total suspended solids 0 .9 times above 
standard, and in Q3 2014 ammonia nitrate was 1 .2 times above standard . 
No fines or penalties related to an environmental non-compliance in 2015 
were received .

In early 2016, the Ministry of Environment and Energy in Greece issued two 
decisions imposing fines to Hellas Gold regarding alleged environmental 
non-compliances that occurred between 2012 and 2014 at Olympias 
and Stratoni . Site inspections were carried out during this period by 
the environmental inspectors, and in response to their findings, Hellas 
Gold prepared and submitted detailed answers . Despite the responses, 
the Ministry imposed the fines totaling €1 .7 million, and Hellas Gold 
has filed respective appeals for the cancellation of the fines before the 
Administrative Court in Athens .

Flowers blooming on the reclaimed tailings area at Olympias, Greece

SPOTLIGHT: HELPING CONTRACTORS MANAGE 
THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES IN GREECE

Our Hellas Gold Procurement Department has been working to 
incorporate environmental practices into supply chain planning, 
in direct partnership with the company’s Environment Division and 
Internal Environmental Management . 

Hellas Gold has developed a Contractor Environmental Management 
Handbook that is included in all tender notices . It forms an integral 
part of the contracts awarded at our mining and project facilities . The 
Handbook’s primary objective is to facilitate environmental protection 
and prevent environmental degradation . Contractors are required to 
train their staff about environmental issues at regular intervals, and 
our Handbook forms part of their training materials .

“Environmental monitoring is just like other 
tracking systems – such as weather forecasts 
and traffic reports. It helps us to understand 
our natural environment so we can make 
better decisions on how we manage 
and protect it.”

Doug Jones 
Senior VP of Operations

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    31

MANAGING our INPUTS

Water and energy are fundamental mining inputs, and we 
recognize the many economic, environmental and social 
benefits to improving efficiency when using these resources. 
In this section, we summarize our management approach and 
2015 performance related to water and energy use.

32    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Water treatment plant at Kişladağ, Turkey

WATER USE

Availability and access to water is critical for our mining operations . 
We use water for mineral processing, dust suppression, slurry transport, 
and personal consumption; therefore, responsibly managing water is 
essential to our sustainable development over the long term . While we 
do not set quantitative targets regarding water consumption, our water 
use is strictly controlled across all of our sites, and each operation has 
implemented practices that reduce, reuse and recycle water . 

Monitoring Water Resources

Across our operations, we withdrew nearly 12 million cubic metres of 
water during the mining process in 2015 . This includes water removed 
from our mines following precipitation as well as groundwater that must 
be continuously pumped out from our underground mines . Overall, we 
experienced an 8% increase in total water withdrawals in 2015 compared 
to 2014 volumes, largely attributable to mine dewatering .

WATER FLOW THROUGH A MINE SITE

Water use is continuously monitored using flow meters, and we regularly 
take water quality samples from groundwater and surface water sources 
within and around our sites . We compare water quality results with the 
limit values set out in pertinent regulations and our operating permits, 
and we share these detailed results with regulators and government, 
typically on a quarterly basis .

Water availability varies by site . For operations that have limited access 
to water, such as Kişladağ and Tanjianshan, we have implemented 
extensive water conservation and recycling programs to reduce our 
need to withdraw water . At Jinfeng, where precipitation is higher, we 
capture rainwater run-off from our land and buildings, which we then 
treat and use in production . All water that comes into contact with our 
sites is treated and tested before being used or discharged back into the 
environment (e .g . rivers, lakes and reinjection into groundwater) .

WATER INPUTS
A  Precipitation (rainfall and snow)
B  Surface water (lakes, rivers, oceans)
C  Ground water (wells, mine dewatering)
D  Wastewater from another organization
E  Municipal water

WATER USE
F  Potable water, fire suppression
G  Drilling
H  Dust suppression
I  Processing (ore preparation, solids/water 
  preparation, mineral extraction)
J  Leach pad
K  Tailings slurry

WATER TREATMENT
L  Wastewater treatment ponds
M Water treatment plant

WATER OUTPUTS
N  Releases to aquatic 
  environment (treated water)
O  Water diversion of 
  non-contaminated water
P  Evaporation

I

J

K

M

L

H

N

B & C

A

P

F

B

O

G

C

D 

E

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    33

TABLE 7: TOTAL WATER WITHDRAWAL  

Turkey

China

Greece

2015 
Total

2014 
Total (1)(2)

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

White 
Mountain

Tanjianshan

Stratoni, 
Skouries, 
Olympias (3)

0

836

0

0

0

836

3 .0

0

2,041

0

656

0

2,697

2,613

713

0

944

0

0

0

713

7 .1

384

0

0

2,425

16 .2

0

0

22

966

12 .4

0

0

0

1

657

6 .7

6,250

8,743

8,232

0

0

0

384

3

23

84

–

3

6,250

11,850

10,932

(Thousands m3)
Surface water 
(rivers, lakes, and oceans)

Ground water 
(wells, underground mine water)

Rainwater collected/stored

Wastewater from another 
organization

Municipal water

Total

Water efficiency (m3/oz)

(1)  No data was collected on wastewater used from other organizations in 2014 . As a result, total water withdrawals may have been slightly higher than presented in the total for 2014 .

(2)  A correction was made to White Mountain’s reported groundwater withdrawals in 2014, from 226,000 m3 to 1,159,000 m3 . The previously stated value was total production water used by the site’s 

processing plant in 2014 .

(3)  Water efficiency was not calculated for our Greece assets . Gold recovered at Olympias is from tailings retreatment, and does not offer a reasonable basis for comparability .

Our reported water efficiency is not a true reflection of site water use or 

data collection and reporting, we are investigating new data sources in 

its correlation to production . In reality, due to the need to dewater our 

order to improve our understanding of water balances and to calculate our 

mines, we withdraw far more water than we use and consequently our 

water efficiency as a relationship of water used in production per ounce of 

actual water efficiency is much higher . As we continue to improve our 

gold produced .

TABLE 8: VOLUME OF WATER PROCESSED BY WATER TREATMENT PLANTS 

Turkey

(Thousands m3)

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

China

White 
Mountain

Greece

2015 Total

Tanjianshan

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

Volume of water processed

29,141

713

2,127

1,075

941

2,204

36,201

Our site water treatment plants operate continuously year-round to reduce 
our reliance on external water sources . Kişladağ uses a leach pad to extract 
gold from ore, treating and circulating approximately 14,000 gallons of 

water per minute through a closed system, with minor losses attributable 

to evaporation . Approximately 35 times more water is recycled and reused 

by the site compared to new water withdrawals .

Other sites, like Tanjianshan, do not allow any water to be openly 

discharged back into the environment . All water is reused through process 

plants, including grey water from sewage .

34    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ENERGY USE

Energy use at our operations is a significant operating cost, and related 
air emissions are one of our major environmental impacts . 

In 2015, international stakeholders and governments continued to 
express increasing concern about the risks and potential impacts 
associated with climate change . The general trend across most 
jurisdictions, including where we operate, is emphasis on regulation that 
may penalize heavy greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters . As a result of both 
the upfront costs associated with energy use at our operations and the 
potential for our operating jurisdictions to impose GHG emission levies, 
improving the energy efficiency of our operations is important for us . 

In some of our operating jurisdictions, energy efficiency and GHG 
emission reduction goals are already represented in regulations . For 
example, in Turkey each year, an energy usage declaration is made to the 
government, and every four years, an energy-efficiency study must be 
performed and submitted to the government . At Jinfeng, in accordance 
with the government energy reduction policy issued by the National 
Development and Reform Commission in 2011, a five-year target was set 
to reduce energy consumption by 2,100 tons of standard coal between 
2011 and 2015 . During this time, Jinfeng reduced energy consumption 
by 3,325 tonnes of standard coal, exceeding performance by 58% .

See Table 10 below for further information on the energy intensity 
performance achieved at our gold mining operations . 

TABLE 9: ENERGY CONSUMPTION  

Turkey

(GJ)

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

China

White 
Mountain

Greece

Company Total

Tanjianshan

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

Purchased electricity

330,042

143,201

528,000

238,140

320,000

190,000

1,749,383

Liquefied petroleum gas

715(1)

0

0

Diesel for mobile equipment

995,663

66,615

91,500

Gasoline for mobile 
equipment

0

Diesel for generators

16,466

0

0

1

0

4

92,749

2,800

0

2015 Totals

2014 Totals 

1,342,886

209,816

619,501

333,693

1,329,114

197,062

658,195

362,753

0

66,660

5,175

16,230

408,065

430,623

0

54,543

18,271

24,084

286,898

267,059

719

1,367,730

26,247

56,780

3,200,859

3,244,806

(1)  Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) was not used in 2015 . The amount reported reflects Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) used at the Kişladağ site .

Between 2015 and 2014, we reduced company-wide energy 
consumption by 1% . However, with reduced gold production our overall 
energy efficiency actually decreased to 4 .53 GJ/oz . With the exception of 
Jinfeng, we saw lower grades of material across each of our sites, which 
means that we mined and processed more ore to maintain production 
levels . Kişladağ experienced the biggest drop in ore grade, and saw 
the largest increase in total material moved per ounce . Jinfeng’s gold 
production was lower, so even though the site used less energy in 2015, 
there was a net increase in energy intensity .

Haulage fleet vehicle diesel use and electricity consumption are the 
company’s primary energy sources . Kişladağ remains our largest energy 
user, with the site’s vehicle fleet consuming more diesel than the rest of 
the company combined . With a deepening pit, Kişladağ’s haul trucks are 
having to travel further each year to transfer material to our crushing 
system and the waste dump . Jinfeng’s mill is the largest amongst 
Eldorado’s operations, with an annual capacity of 1 .5 million tonnes of 
ore, and is therefore our largest electricity user . Tanjianshan and White 
Mountain have the second and third largest mills respectively, capable 
of processing 1 .1 million and 800 thousand tonnes of ore . Kişladağ’s 
crushing circuit is the final major energy user at our sites .

TABLE 10: ENERGY INTENSITY   

Turkey

(GJ/oz Au Produced)(1)

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

China

White 
Mountain

Greece

Company Total(1)

Stratoni, Skouries,

Tanjianshan

Olympias (2)

2015

2014

(1)  Weighted average . 

4 .77 

4 .27

2 .09

1 .99

4 .14

3 .91

4 .27 

4 .25

4 .18 

4 .00

_

_

4 .12

3 .86

(2)  Gold is not produced at Stratoni and our Skouries and Olympias gold assets are in development .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGING our OUTPUTS

The activities and outputs of our activities can have a significant and 
lasting impact on the natural environment surrounding each of our 
mines. Waste management, protecting biodiversity and reclamation 
are important activities at our mines and were highlighted in our 
2015 materiality analysis as important environmental aspects. 
In this section, we summarize our management approach and 2015 
performance, and highlight some example case studies of broader 
initiatives being undertaken at our sites to limit any negative 
impacts from our activities.

36    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Tanjianshan roaster complex at dawn, China

WASTE MANAGEMENT

Different forms of waste are generated through our mining activities, 
including overburden, waste rock, tailings, slag, mine water, sludge 
and refuse . Across all our sites, waste rock is the primary form of waste 
generated, which has been extracted from the mining areas in order to 
access ore . Waste rock contains no economically valuable material .

Waste generated at our operations is sorted and classified as hazardous 
or non-hazardous waste, in line with regulations . All types of waste, 
including hazardous waste, are stored and disposed of with consideration 
for their potential environmental impacts . Management programs 
are developed and implemented on a site-by-site basis, depending 
on the characteristics of the waste being generated . For example, at 
Efemçukuru, where waste rock has acid rock drainage potential, storage 
areas are lined and seepage is collected and treated before disposal . 
Where waste rock does not pose any toxicity risk, such as at White 
Mountain, it is partially reused for mine backfill .

Waste management activities and objectives represent significant 
elements of our ISO 14001 environmental management systems . As per 
local regulations in each of our operating jurisdictions, all disposed waste 
types and quantities are recorded in legal disposal documents that are 
periodically submitted to host governments . We conduct due diligence 
on our waste disposal contractors, and periodically visit disposal and 
recycling contractors to evaluate their environmental practices .

DUST CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT

The creation of dust is one of our impacts that we manage closely and 
actively . Major sources of dust emissions include:

■  Blasting operations in the open pit area

■  Loading, haulage and offloading of ore and waste rock 

■  Operation of crushing units

■  Traffic on roads that are in general use

Where our operations have the potential to create significant dust, we 
ensure that water tank trucks continuously perform on-site watering 
activities to suppress dust . In dry seasons, materials are dampened 
before we conduct blasting operations . Water spraying and closed dust 
collecting systems are provided around our operations, and particularly at 
the primary crusher and the fine ore stockpile areas . Water sprayers are 
also used on conveyor belts at certain intervals . With a view to measuring 
the results of these mitigation activities, regular dust measurements are 
taken around our operations and in neighbouring villages on daily and 
monthly bases .

SPOTLIGHT: MANAGING OUR TAILINGS

Tailings management is a core activity at our operations and is 
embedded in our daily monitoring and management practices .

Tailings are the material that remains after the mineral extraction 
process is completed, and are primarily a mixture of ground rock 
and water . Tailings are typically stored in a specially designed tailings 
storage facility and can contain trace amounts of chemicals from 
the extraction process, making them acidic or alkaline . Their safe 
management and disposal is a priority for us in order to protect the 
nearby environment and communities .

We manage our tailings facilities consistent with robust government 
regulations, accepted international standards and best practices . Our 
tailings facilities are all site-specific and have been carefully designed 
and constructed by specialized engineering consulting firms, in line 
with regulations, in order to minimize environmental risks . At each of 
our facilities we have:

■  Conducted extensive studies to locate the facility away from 

sensitive environmental areas such as lakes, streams, wetlands and 
key biodiversity zones

■  Designed the extraction process so that tailings contain as few 

impurities as possible and are environmentally stable

■  Constructed the facilities to be able to withstand extreme weather 

and seismic events

■ 

Installed upstream and downstream monitoring facilities to 
measure water quality

We also have comprehensive tailings management systems in place 
at each of our operations . These include:

■  Plans and procedures that identify clear roles, responsibilities 
and communication channels for personnel responsible for 
tailings management

■  Ongoing training of personnel responsible for 

tailings management

■  Operational controls such as real-time monitoring of tailings 

facilities, routine inspections and risk assessments, and regular 
maintenance programs

■  Emergency preparedness and response plans,

■  Periodic review of tailings facility design, construction, operation 
and closure plans to facilitate ongoing relevance and alignment 
with current best practices

■  Oversight from corporate head office to verify completion of any 
updates or corrective actions and to identify opportunities for 
shared learning across company operations

As part of our commitment to continuous improvement of our tailings 
management practices, our site teams conduct daily monitoring of the 
tailings facilities, and our were recently audited by an internationally 
recognized expert in tailings management and dam safety . Our most 
recent external audit did not identify any major deficiencies in our 
tailings management practices . 

We will look to strengthen our management approach by 
further aligning our operating practices with MAC’s TSM Tailings 
Management Protocol . This is based on a Plan, Do, Check, Act 
system of continuous improvement .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    37

BIODIVERSITY  
and RECLAMATION

We implement programs to preserve biodiversity 
at and near our operations. These programs 
have been developed through engagement with 
experts and local communities, and are focused 
on implementing conservation strategies consistent 
with the mitigation hierarchy (avoidance, 
minimization, rehabilitation and/or offset). 

BIODIVERSITY

There are areas of rich biodiversity near several of our operations and 
development projects . The identification and classification of protected 
areas vary by jurisdiction . As a result, jurisdiction-specific and 
international protected areas are taken into account during baseline 
assessment studies that feed into the EIA . Baseline assessments of 
flora and fauna are conducted to identify all species present, as well as 
their population and habitat characteristics . As a condition of receiving 
the necessary permits to proceed with building a project, we must 
outline impact avoidance or remediation plans that are specific to each 
project site . Our biodiversity management plans at each site represent 
the criteria by which state authorities evaluate our performance . 
Biodiversity objectives and management plans are critical components 
of our site-specific environmental management systems .

In 2015, an additional in-depth study of biodiversity impacts was 
completed at our Kişladağ operation in partnership with Hacettepe 
University . Professionals from the University conducted similar studies 
in the region of the mine and were retained to update our evaluation 
of biodiversity impacts near Kişladağ . A report was delivered in 
January 2016, and no perceptible impacts on biodiversity outside of 
the direct mining area were detected . 

RECLAMATION

Our approach to reclamation is centred on:

■  Designing mine closure and reclamation plans, before we even 

begin mine construction

■  Ensuring sufficient funds are allocated to carry out our 

reclamation obligations

■  Continuously reclaiming land during operation

■  Engaging with all relevant stakeholders to understand land-use 

objectives for reclaimed land

Before we begin production at our operations, we strip vegetal soil 
(topsoil and subsurface soil) from the areas where the ore will be 
extracted or facilities will be erected . This stripped vegetal soil is stored 
in designated areas and it is used later in rehabilitation activities .

In areas where we have completed mining activities, rehabilitation 
activities are conducted in a progressive manner over several years . 
We develop rehabilitation plans based on research conducted as part 
of baseline assessments . By starting rehabilitation efforts during the 
operating phase of the mine, we can improve the visual appearance 
of landscaping, minimize dust and help expedite the completion of 
mine closure .  

Flowers at Jinfeng, China

■ 

In 2015, 23 hectares of land were reclaimed to the  
agreed end use at our operations.

38    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

PLANNING NOW FOR MINE CLOSURE

Our stakeholders have made it clear that mine closure is a critical component 
of the mining life cycle . Mine closure planning for each of our operations 
begins during the project development stage, with extensive preparation 
going into the site’s EIA submission document . Each EIA includes a fully 
detailed mine closure plan to be used in the event of a planned closure, 
a sudden or unplanned closure, or a temporary closure (suspension) . These 
plans begin as a concept and evolve throughout the mine’s life, through 
regular and critical reviews conducted both internally and externally .

Using the Mining Association of Canada’s TSM Mine Closure Framework as a 
guide, we consider the following areas while planning for a future mine closure:

1. Natural Environment

We strive to return disturbed areas to a stable state for post-mining land 
use . This includes removing all equipment, closing pits and shafts, treating 
all water sources as required, and revegetating waste rock facilities, tailings 
dams and leach pads . Wherever possible, we aim to conduct concurrent 
revegetation of land during the operating phase .

2. Socioeconomic Impacts

We work with local communities and host governments to implement 
and support strategies that mitigate impacts associated with the mine’s 
closure . This includes local capacity-building though economic diversification 
programs, education and skills development for both the local communities 
and our employees, and the development of subcommittees to help manage 
the reclamation and closure process .

3. Health and Safety

We take into account numerous health and safety considerations during both 
operations and the closure process . Many of our mine sites use hazardous 
substances, such as diesel and toxic heavy metals, or produce hazardous 
wastes that must be controlled to prevent exposure to the environment and 
public . Further, there are often vertical or near-vertical faces in the open pits 
following operation . Our Mine Closure Plans are designed to remove health 
and safety risks after a mine’s closure . 

4. Financial Obligations

The aim of thorough closure planning and cost estimating is to ensure that 
investment, development and operating decisions take into account any 
potential future financial impacts . Working with our lead closure consultants, 
The Mines Group, we annually review the total estimated cost for closing, 
decommissioning, demolishing, rehabilitating and post-closure monitoring 
at each of our projects while complying with industry best practices and 
all applicable laws . Consistent with Canadian securities requirements, the 
accounting obligations are defined by the Financial Accounting Standards 
Board (FAS 143) and adhere to all legal obligations and compliance 
requirements within each of our operating jurisdictions . Close collaboration 
between the finance and operations teams allow for annual reports on 
adjustments to this “Asset Retirement Obligation .”

Reclaimed arable land at Jinfeng, China

SPOTLIGHT: RECLAMATION PLANNING 
AT JINFENG

In order to improve the living standards of local people by increasing 
the quantity of arable land surrounding our Jinfeng operation, we 
have been working with the state and county on Eldorado-funded 
plans to implement a land reclamation project . At a former rock 
dump, we are planting shrubs in slope areas and transforming flat 
surfaces into fertile farmland . Over two years, the land is cultivated 
so that the soil has enough phosphorus, available potassium and 
total nitrogen to support crop growth . For a region that has very 
little flat land, this project will result in approximately 324 hectares of 
arable land for farming, which will be handed over to the government 
upon completion . 

Fruit trees grow on rehabilitated land at Jinfeng, China

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    39

OUR PEOPLE

Our success is a result of the dedicated employees and contractors 
who work for us and our global subsidiaries. It is our people’s 
motivation and commitment to excellence that drives our 
performance and helps us achieve our corporate objectives. 
As such, we aim to ensure that all of our employees and 
contractors are working in safe and effective environments.

40    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Employees on site at Efemçukuru, Turkey

Fostering an Effective Work Environment

■  Undertaking transparent employment practices

■  Providing professional training to facilitate lifelong learning

■  Emphasizing in-house staff development based on professional skills 

and personal abilities, and promoting staff internally

OUR WORKFORCE

We aim to hire workers from nearby communities whenever possible . 
At the operation and project level, 99% of employees and contractors are 
nationals . We believe in training local employees for senior roles . Turkish, 
Greek, Brazilian, Chinese and Romanian employees form part of the 
management teams working in their respective home countries, alongside 
a small number of expatriate employees . Please see Tables 11 and 12 
for a detailed breakdown of our employee and contractor numbers .

In accordance with the relevant law and regulations, we uphold strong 
and fair labour practices . We believe in equal opportunities and base our 
hiring practices on skills and experience . We strive to ensure that male 
and female employees are paid equally for equivalent jobs . As outlined 
in our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, everyone at Eldorado is 
expected to maintain a safe and healthy work environment, and promote 
a workplace that is free from discrimination and harassment on any basis, 
including race, colour, religion, gender, age, national origin, disability or 
sexual orientation .

We aim to maintain the best possible relations with our workforce . 
Our human resources approach is based on a series of principles and 
values that include: 

■  Employing people from local communities

■  Promoting a culture that builds a common identity for staff 

in all workplaces

TABLE 11: OUR EMPLOYEES

Total Employees

Percentage Female

Percentage Nationals (1)

Percentage from 
Local Communities (2)

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Turkey – Other

Jinfeng

Tanjianshan

White Mountain

Eastern Dragon

China – Other

Halkidiki assets  
(Olympias, Skouries, Stratoni)

Perama Hill site & Sapes office

Greece – Other

Tocantinzinho

Brazil – Other(3)

Romania  
(Certej site & Deva office)

Canada

Netherlands

Barbados

Total

785

433

60

826

419

620

31

33

1,011

10

41

9

19

221

45

5

3

4,571

5%

5%

25%

13%

15%

16%

13%

48%

9%

40%

39%

11%

26%

15%

36%

40%

67%

12%

99%

99%

98%

99%

99%

99%

100%

91%

99%

100%

98%

100%

100%

99%

76%

20%

100%

99%

82%

48%

N/A(4)

19%

78%

84%

77%

0%

87%

10%

  2%(5)

11%

100%

62%

62%

0%

100%

65%

(1)  We define “nationals” as citizens of the host country .

(4) 

Information not available .

(2)  We define “local” as national employees from the closest neighbouring villages and 

(5)  “Local employee” refers to residents of Halkidiki region only .

communities to our sites .

(3)  The numbers above are for Eldorado’s Belo Horizonte office and do not include Vila Nova, 

which went on care and maintenance in early 2015 .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    41

 
 
 
TABLE 12: OUR CONTRACTORS (1) 

Total

Percentage female

Percentage nationals

Percentage from local communities

Turkey

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

473

1%

100%

60%

324

6%

100%

35%

205

15%

100%

25%

China

White 
Mountain

329

5%

100%

70%

Greece

Tanjianshan

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

219

10%

100%

68%

1,005

8%

100%

61%

(1)  Contractor numbers fluctuate over the course of a given year . The data displayed in Table 12 represents the average of the number of contractors as at January 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . 

The contractor numbers above do not include contractors we hire elsewhere in Greece, Brazil, Romania and Canada .

TABLE 13: NEW EMPLOYEE HIRES 

Total number of new hires

Percentage new hires female

Percentage new hires nationals

Percentage new hires from  
local communities

Turkey

China

White

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

Mountain (1)

Tanjianshan

74

1%

99%

74%

46

0 .2%

100%

48%

18

56%

100%

56%

100

9%

100%

30%

18

55%

100%

55%

Greece

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

41

12%

100%

41%

(1)  70 temporary workers were hired at White Mountain as boiler workers in 2015 .

TABLE 14: EMPLOYEE TURNOVER (VOLUNTARY & INVOLUNTARY) 

Male turnover

Female turnover

Turkey

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

4%

8%

7%

5%

8 .5%

0 .6%

China

White 
Mountain

2 .4%

0 .3%

Greece

Tanjianshan

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

8 .5%

0 .6%

2 .6%

11 .6%

TABLE 15: EMPLOYEES COVERED BY COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENTS 

Percentage employees covered by 
collective bargaining agreements

Turkey

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

71%

69%

Jinfeng

100%

China

White 
Mountain

Greece

Tanjianshan

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

100%

0%(1)

66%

(1)  Union membership at Tanjianshan is voluntary, though most hourly workers use individual Bargaining Agreements .

42    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Monitoring the floatation process at Olympias, Greece

Sample testing at Efemçukuru, Turkey

DEVELOPING OUR PEOPLE

Training and Up-Skilling

Developing workforce capacity and conducting regular training across 
all of our sites is an ongoing priority . The majority of our workforce 
comes from local communities and regions, and often have no prior 
mining experience . We see the social and economic benefits of fostering 
a local workforce and economy, and we invest in relevant training and 
development to improve the productivity and safety of our employees . 
We are proud of the low turnover rates across each of our sites, 
as the retention of personnel is a great indicator of both our company 
performance and employee satisfaction .

All new recruits and interns at our facilities undergo training on safety, 
accident prevention, environmental issues and company procedures, 
among other topics . Ongoing training priorities are defined based on 
job requirements, performance evaluation notes and legal requirements, 
and consist of occupational, leadership, technical, and safety and 
environment training . Even at sites with a long mining history and 
well-established workforce, such as Tanjianshan, we see the benefits 
of training to improve employee capacity, productivity, and health and 
safety performance .

TABLE 16: EMPLOYEE TRAINING HOURS 

Average number of  
hours training per employee

Turkey

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

China

White 
Mountain

Greece

Tanjianshan

Stratoni, Skouries, 
Olympias

41

52

27

58

10

9

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    43

 
 
 
 
KEEPING our PEOPLE SAFE

Safety is a core value at Eldorado and is fully ingrained in 
the way we do business. From design criteria through to 
operations, we strive to reduce risk through elimination, 
substitution, engineering controls, procedures, training and 
protective equipment. Our managers are expected to lead 
by example, and prioritize and implement safe attitudes 
and initiatives to promote a culture of safety.

44    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Employees underground at Efemçukuru, Turkey

CREATING A SAFETY CULTURE

Our approach to health and safety is a balance between equipping 
individuals with the skills to recognize hazards and the values to make 
the right decisions, and ensuring that strong policies, procedures and 
systems are in place to safeguard workplaces . We continue to strengthen 
our safety culture by taking a holistic view towards safety leadership that 
incorporates psychological aspects (how our people feel), behavioural 
aspects (what our people do) and situational aspects (our policies, 
procedures and systems) . 

Through a global commitment to leadership and training, identification 
of risks, management and mitigation of risks, being prepared for 
incidents, and learning from incidents, we are succeeding at making 
our workplaces safer . 

Core principles of our health and safety approach include:

■  That safe work practices and productivity go hand in hand

■  Risk identification and control 

■  Education and training 

■  Empathy in leadership

■  Continuous improvement through the review 

of safety performance

HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Each of our operations has established a site-specific Occupational Health 
and Safety policy that is aligned with our corporate policy, to monitor and 
report lead and lag indicators . We have found site-specific approaches to 
be particularly successful as they account for cultural attitudes towards 
safety and can be targeted at areas of priority . Site-specific health and 
safety targets are defined annually as part of the management review 
element of our health and safety management systems . 

Weekly health and safety incident reports are prepared by each 
site and region outlining weekly, month-to-date and year-to-date 
statistics, including:

■  Near misses – an event which, in different circumstances, could have 
resulted in harm to people, damage to property or loss to a process

■  First aid incidents – care is provided to a person who is injured or 

who suddenly becomes ill (e .g . disinfecting a cut, applying a bandage, 
helping someone who is choking, etc .)

■  Medically treated injuries – an injury or disease that resulted in a 

certain level of treatment (not first aid treatment) given by a physician 
or other medical personnel (e .g . prescription medication, sutures, 
therapeutic treatment)

■  Restricted work injuries – an injury or disease that resulted in the 
restriction of work or motion, including temporary or permanent 
transfer to another job

■  Lost-Time Injuries – a work-related injury or disease that resulted in 

time lost from work of at least one day or shift, a permanent disability, 
or a fatality

■  Fatalities – death resulting from an accident

Health and safety reporting is reviewed during weekly operational 
calls between site General Managers and Eldorado’s Corporate office, 
including the Chief Operating Officer and Senior Vice President of 
Operations . All reported incidents are discussed, and the results of any 
investigations are provided during these calls .

To complement our internal systems, we use the internationally 
recognized OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety management 
framework to help us better identify and manage safety risks and 
improve our safety performance .

Our Kişladağ and Efemçukuru mines in Turkey and our Halkidiki assets 
in Greece are certified to OHSAS 18001 . Our Chinese operations have 
established Occupational Health and Safety management systems that 
are consistent with OHSAS 18001 . However, they have not yet sought 
certification, for the same reasons that they have not sought certification 
for their environmental management systems: the decision was made to 
focus on achieving and maintaining certification under the International 
Cyanide Management Code (ICMC), a component of which includes an 
assessment of health and safety management practices . We have now 
achieved ICMC certification at our Jinfeng and Tanjianshan operations, 
with our White Mountain operation passing all operational aspects of the 
ICMC compliance audit .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    45

Ensuring Contractor Safety 

We communicate our minimum expectations regarding contractor health 
and safety practices within all tender notices and project assignments 
at Eldorado’s mining facilities . They form an integral part of the contracts 
Eldorado signs with each consultant . The objective of these rules is to 
ensure that contractors carry out work safely and in-line with Eldorado’s 
standards; prevent accidents among their staff, our staff or third parties; 
and avoid damage or harm to facilities and equipment belonging to the 
contractor, Eldorado or third parties . 

Tagging in at Efemçukuru, Turkey

SAFETY PERFORMANCE 

We accomplished very strong health and safety performance in 

2015, with a 25% reduction to our Lost-Time Injury Frequency Rate 

compared to the prior year – the fourth consecutive year of reduction . 

Unfortunately, we were deeply saddened to have had a fatal accident 

in February 2016 at our Stratoni mine in Greece . Employee health and 

safety is our highest priority and we continue to review and reinforce our 

safety practices across each of our sites and projects to prevent similar 

incidents from occurring . 

■  We are constantly modernizing infrastructure, procedures 

and equipment

■  We inform, train, listen to, mobilize and actively engage with 
all employees about Occupational Health and Safety issues

■  We prevent accidents by carrying out constant checks, assessing 
occupational risks and immediately taking suitable measures

■  We strive for our policy to be consistently applied in every 

partnership we build

TABLE 17: FATALITIES, LTIFR AND TRIFR PER MILLION HOURS WORKED (1)  

Turkey

China

Greece

2015 
Total

2014 
Total

Kişladağ

Efemçukuru

Jinfeng

White 
Mountain

Tanjianshan (1)

0

2

0

0 .7

0

0

5 .49

14 .21

1 .79

0

0 .4

1 .35

0

0

0 .51

Stratoni, 
Skouries, 
Olympias

0

2 .1

6 .97

0

1 .03

4 .59

0

1 .38(4)

6 .68

Fatalities(2)

LTIFR

TRIFR(3)

(1)  Data by gender is not available .

(2)  Reported performance is for the 2015 calendar year; however, we are deeply saddened to report a fatality on February 29, 2016 at our Stratoni mine in Greece .

(3)  TRIs include medically treated injuries, restricted work injuries, and lost-time injuries .

(4)  An adjustment to the reported LTIFR in 2014 occurred following updated site data for total working hours, falling from 1 .44 to 1 .38 .

46    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

 
 
 
 
EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Emergency response programs are in place at all of our operations . 

Our emergency response teams are made up of employees who have 

received additional training in emergency protocols, procedures and 

equipment . The emergency response programs include extensive emergency 

drills and emergency training, such as mine rescue drills, fire drills, CPR and 

first aid training, and training in the use of hazardous materials suits and 

other safety equipment . Our emergency response teams maintain close 

working relationships with community-based emergency responders .

SAFETY BEYOND THE MINE

Making a safety commitment board at Tanjianshan, China

Our commitment to health and safety does not end with our employees 

and contractors . We also consider local stakeholders’ health and safety in 

all of our activities . To promote health and safety in the communities near 

our operations, all of our sites have informal or formal mutual aid assistance 

programs in which Eldorado’s emergency response teams help in community 

emergencies, if requested . At our Chinese mines, clinics offer both Western 

and traditional Chinese medicine . Employees and community members 

may choose between the two when seeking treatment . Health programs 

at our sites provide basic medical treatments and services for employees, 

contractors, including immunizations and medical checkups . 

SPOTLIGHT: IMPROVING WORKER 
SAFETY AT TANJIANSHAN: HANDS UP 
FOR SAFETY INITIATIVE

In 2013 our Tanjianshan mine noticed a number of incidents related 
to preventable hand injuries . To raise awareness of the hazards and 
to remind employees of the importance of their hands, the Hands Up 
for Safety initiative was introduced . Employees participated in games 
and exercises that provided a fun yet powerful demonstration of 
the difficulties of conducting simple tasks while dealing with a hand 
injury . Hand safety statistics and safety practices were also discussed, 
and employees signed pledges of their commitment to safety .

After the Hands Up for Safety group session, hand injuries at 
Tanjianshan decreased from 64% of all site injuries in 2013 to 31% 
of all site injuries in 2014 . In 2015, there was only one minor hand 
injury at Tanjianshan, and it did not result in a lost-time injury . In fact, 
Tanjianshan has not had a lost-time injury for over two years .

Welding at Tanjianshan, China

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    47

G4–3

G4–4

G4–5

G4–6

G4–7

G4–8

G4–9

G4–10

G4–11

G4–12

G4–13

G4–14

G4–15

GRI G4 ‘CORE’ CONTENT INDEX

General Standard  
Disclosures

Description of Indicator

Page Number, Link, or Location of Information

STRATEGY AND ANALYSIS

G4–1

Letter from CEO

ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE

Organization name

4–5

53

Primary brands, products, and services

1, 10, 11, 53

Location of headquarters

Number of countries where the organization 
has significant operations

Nature of ownership

Markets served

Scale of the organization: employees, 
operations, net revenues, production

Employee numbers  
(by region, type and gender)

1, 53

3

1, 3

3, 10, 11, 15–17

1, 3, 10–11

41–42

Percentage of employees covered by collective 
bargaining agreements

42

Organization’s supply chain

Significant changes during 
the reporting period

Precautionary principle

Externally developed economic, 
environmental and social charters, principles, 
or other initiatives to which the organization 
subscribes or which it endorses

14–17

7

10–11, 25, 31 .  
We recognize there are environmental and social impacts from our operations . 
Eldorado Gold is committed to using a precautionary approach throughout the 
lives of our mines, and before any activities commence we assess the potential 
environmental and social impacts, and evaluate how to avoid, control, or 
mitigate these, even when impacts are not scientifically certain .

13

20

G4–16

Memberships of associations

IDENTIFIED MATERIAL ASPECTS AND BOUNDARIES

G4–17

G4–18

G4–19

G4–20

G4–21

G4–22

G4–23

All entities included in the organization’s 
consolidated financial statements

Please see Eldorado Gold’s 2015 Annual Information Form – 
www .eldoradogold .com/investors/financial-information/filings/ 

Process for defining report content and 
aspect boundaries

22–23

List all Material Aspects

Which Aspects are material within the 
organization

Which Aspects are material external 
to the organization

23

23

23

Restatements of information

0 (“About This Report”), 46

Significant changes from previous reporting 
periods in the Scope and Aspect boundaries

The scope of the report has not changed . Material aspects were determined 
in our formal materiality assessment undertaken in 2015, per pages 22–23 .

48    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

 
 
General Standard  
Disclosures

Description of Indicator

Page Number, Link, or Location of Information

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT

G4–24

G4–25

G4–26

G4–27

REPORT PROFILE

G4–28

G4–29

G4–30

G4–31

G4–32

G4–33

GOVERNANCE

List of stakeholder groups

Basis for identification and selection of 
stakeholders with whom to engage

Organization’s approach to stakeholder 
management

Key topics and concerns raised through 
stakeholder engagement

20

20–22

20–21

21, 23

Reporting period

0 (“About This Report”)

Date of most previous report

2014 Sustainability Report, published April 2015 .

Reporting cycle

Contact point

GRI Reporting Level

External assurance

0 (“About This Report”)

0 (“About This Report”)

0 (“About This Report”)

0 (“About This Report”)

G4–34

Governance structure of the organization

18–19, www .eldoradogold .com/about-us/governance/

ETHICS AND INTEGRITY

G4–56

Values, principles, standards and norms of 
behaviour of the organization

19, www .eldoradogold .com/about-us/governance/

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    49

 
 
GRI G4 ‘CORE’ CONTENT INDEX

Fully reported against the GRI G4 guidelines

Partially reported against the GRI G4 guidelines

MATERIAL 
ASPECTS

Report Section

Page 
Number

Level of 
Reporting

Identified Omission(s) and 
Reason(s) for Omission(s)

Comments & Links

ECONOMIC / OPERATIONS 
Economic Performance

G4–DMA

G4–EC1

CEO Letter, Our Business, 
Contributing to Sustainable 
Development, Our Value Chain 
and Local Procurement, Our 
Communities

Our Performance and Targets, 
Payments to Suppliers, Payments 
to Governments, Local 
Community Investment

5, 10, 11,  
14–15, 
17, 25

1, 8, 17, 
19, 25

HEALTH, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENT 
Overall Environmental Performance

G4–DMA

Year In Review, Our Performance 
and Targets, Our Approach 
to Responsible Mining, 
Managing our Inputs, Managing 
our Outputs, Biodiversity 
and Reclamation

7–9, 13, 
32–39

Waste Management

G4–DMA

G4–EN24

Water

G4–DMA

Waste Management, Spotlight: 
Managing our Tailings

The number of reportable spills 
that occurred at Eldorado’s sites 
in 2015 (0)

37

6

Managing our Environmental 
Footprint, Managing our Inputs

28–34

G4–EN8

Water Use

G4–EN10

Volume of water treated as a 
percentage of total water use 
(305%), Water Use

33–34

6, 33–34

Health and Safety

G4–DMA

Letter from the CEO, Year In 
Review, Our Performance 
and Targets, Our Approach to 
Responsible Mining, Keeping our 
People Safe

4, 7–9, 
13, 
45–47

G4–LA6

Safety Performance

46

50    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Payments to Providers of Capital 
and Economic Value Retained has 
not been reported . This data is 
available within Eldorado's 2015 
Financial Report .

www .eldoradogold .com/
investors/financial-information/
annual-reports/

Water recycled and reused is 
currently not reported . We report 
on the total volume of water treated 
by our water treatment plants as a 
percentage of total water use .

Safety performance is not 
broken down by employees and 
contractors or gender, as we do not 
internally track and report by these 
breakdowns . Site safety performance 
is reported in accordance with local 
government requirements .

MATERIAL 
ASPECTS

Report Section

Page 
Number

Level of 
Reporting

Identified Omission(s) and 
Reason(s) for Omission(s)

Comments & Links

HEALTH, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENT (Continued) 
Biodiversity and Reclamation

G4–DMA

G4–MM1

Our Business, Biodiversity and 
Reclamation

2015 Highlights & Year in 
Review, Reclamation

10–11, 
38–39

6, 38

G4–MM2

Biodiversity

38

Energy Use

G4–DMA

Managing our Environmental 
Footprint, Managing our Inputs

28–31, 
35

G4–EN3

G4–EN5

Energy Consumption

Energy Intensity

35

35

GOVERNANCE 
Permits and Licences

G4–2

CEO Letter, Year In Review, 
Our Business, Stakeholder 
Engagement, Managing our 
Environmental Footprint

5, 7, 
10–11, 
21, 31

Emergency Preparedness

G4–DMA

Managing our Environmental 
Footprint, Emergency Response

30, 47

Workforce Skills Development

G4–DMA

Managing our Environmental 
Footprint, Emergency Response

G4–DMA

Our People

G4–LA1

New Employee Hires, Employee 
Turnover

G4–LA9

Employee Training Hours

G4–LA11

Sustainability Factors in 
Compensation

30, 47

40–43

42

43

19

At this time, we do not report on 
the total land disturbed and not yet 
rehabilitated, or the total amount of 
new land disturbed .

www .eldoradogold .com/
investors/financial-information/
annual-reports/

Energy intensity ratio 
calculated based on total energy 
consumption (scope 1 and scope 
2 sources) .

We do not monitor or report on new 
employee hires or employee turnover 
by age group .

We do not track training hours 
by gender .

We do not track our performance 
review information by gender or 
employment category .

Training hours reflect Eldorado 
Gold employee training and 
does not include training hours 
provided to Contractors .

We aim for all our employees 
(100%) to conduct regular 
(annual, if not more frequent) 
performance reviews .

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    51

GRI G4 ‘CORE’ CONTENT INDEX

Fully reported against the GRI G4 guidelines

Partially reported against the GRI G4 guidelines

MATERIAL 
ASPECTS

Report Section

Page 
Number

Level of 
Reporting

Identified Omission(s) and 
Reason(s) for Omission(s)

Comments & Links

COMMUNITY 
Social Licence

G4–24

G4–25

G4–26

G4–27

G4–DMA

G4–SO1

G4–SO11

List of stakeholder groups

Basis for identification and 
selection of stakeholders with 
whom to engage

Organization’s approach to 
stakeholder management

Key topics and concerns raised 
through stakeholder engagement

Stakeholder Engagement, 
2015 Materiality Assessment, 
Our Communities – Building 
Opportunities, Spotlight: 
The Four Party Coalition

Stakeholder Engagement, 
Our Communities – Building 
Opportunities, Environmental 
Impact Assessments

Requests and Complaints 
Received

20

20–22

20–21

21, 23

20–27

20–21, 
24–27, 
31

20–21

Localization of Goods and Services

G4–DMA

G4–EC6

Our Value Chain and Local 
Procurement, Our People

Our Employees (Percentage 
Nationals, Percentage from 
Local Communities)

16–17, 
40–43

41–42

G4–EC9

Payments to Suppliers

16–17

52    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

At this time, we are unable to report 
the number of site stakeholder 
engagement plans based on 
stakeholder mapping .

At this time, we do not track the 
number of grievances addressed and 
resolved during the reporting period .

Our sites review and investigate 
all requests, complaints and 
grievances filed at our sites .  
As we review our current 
grievance mechanisms, we aim 
to improve the tracking of these 
grievances from filing to closure .

We report on the total number 
of employees hired from local 
communities – not just Senior 
Management – as we believe 
this is more compelling statistic 
to demonstrate our local hiring 
preferences and influence .

MATERIAL 
ASPECTS

Report Section

Page 
Number

Level of 
Reporting

Identified Omission(s) and 
Reason(s) for Omission(s)

Comments & Links

COMMUNITY (Continued) 
Community Investment

G4–DMA

G4–EC1

G4–EC7

CEO Letter, Our Business, 
Contributing to Sustainable 
Development, Our Value 
Chain and Local Procurement, 
Our Communities

Our Performance and Targets, 
Payments to Suppliers, Payments 
to Governments, Local 
Community Investment

5, 10, 11, 
14–15, 
17, 25

1, 8, 17, 
19, 25

Local Community Investment, 
Community Investment 
by Operation

25–27

Payments to Providers of Capital 
and Economic Value Retained has 
not been reported . This data is 
available within Eldorado’s 2015 
Financial Report .

www .eldoradogold .com/
investors/financial-information/
annual-reports/

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    53

MINERAL RESERVES

as of December 31, 2015 

Proven Mineral Reserves 

Probable Mineral Reserves 

Total Proven & Probable

GOLD 

Certej   
Eastern Dragon 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Kişladağ 
Olympias 
Perama  
Skouries 
Tanjianshan 
Tocantinzinho 
White Mountain 

Total Gold 

SILVER 

Certej    
Eastern Dragon 
Olympias 
Perama  
Stratoni 

Total Silver 

COPPER 

Skouries 

Total Copper 

LEAD 

Olympias 
Stratoni 

Total Lead 

ZINC 

Olympias 
Stratoni 

Total Zinc 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

  In-situ oz 
(x1000) 

g/t 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

In-situ oz 
(x1000) 

g/t 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

In-situ oz 
 (x1000)

 g/t 

22,788 

1 .93 
837  11 .07 
8 .31 
801 
3 .94 
5,360 
0 .85 
48,581 
8 .65 
4,851 
4 .44 
2,477 
0 .91 
73,474 
2 .18 
1,340 
1 .53 
16,699 
3 .26 
3,510 

1,414 
297 
214 
680 
1,333 
1,349 
354 
2,148 
94 
821 
368 

21,500 
2,168 
3,367 
9,767 
282,378 
11,236 
7,220 
79,262 
1,267 
22,914 
2,446 

1 .43 
6 .46 
6 .84 
3 .77 
0 .67 
7 .54 
2 .68 
0 .64 
3 .83 
1 .36 
3 .10 

988 
447 
740 
1,183 
6,065 
2,724 
621 
1,643 
156 
1,003 
244 

44,288 
3,005 
4,168 
15,127 
330,959 
16,087 
9,697 
152,736 
2,607 
39,613 
5,956 

180,718 

1.56 

9,072 

443,525 

1.11 

15,814 

624,243 

22,788 
837 
4,851 
2,477 
428 

10 
81 
124 
3 
172 

7,004 
2,178 
19,339 
254 
2,367 

21,500 
2,168 
11,236 
7,220 
227 

12 
67 
130 
4 
184 

8,551 
4,628 
46,962 
897 
1,343 

31,381 

31 

31,142 

42,351 

46 

62,381 

44,288 
3,005 
16,087 
9,697 
655 

73,732 

1 .69 
7 .70 
7 .12 
3 .83 
0 .70 
7 .87 
3 .13 
0 .77 
2 .98 
1 .43 
3 .20 

1.24 

11 
70 
128 
4 
176 

2,402
744
954
1,863
7,398
4,073
975
3,791
250
1,824
612

24,886 

15,555
6,806
66,301
1,151
3,710

39 

93,523

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

In-situ t 
(x1000) 

% 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

In-situ t 
(x1000) 

% 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

73,474 

0 .54 

73,474 

0.54 

394 

394 

79,262 

0 .48 

79,262 

0.48 

382 

382 

152,736 

152,736 

 % 

0 .51 

0.51 

4,851 
428 

5,279 

4 .1 
6 .6 

4.3 

4,851 
428 

5 .1 
10 .2 

5,279 

5.5 

199 
28 

227 

247 
44 

291 

11,236 
227 

11,463 

4 .4 
7 .3 

4.5 

11,236 
227 

6 .0 
10 .3 

11,463 

6.1 

494 
17 

511 

674 
23 

697 

16,087 
655 

16,742 

4 .3 
6 .9 

4.4 

16,087 
655 

16,742 

5 .7 
10 .2 

5.9 

In-situ t 
 (x1000)

776

776

693
45

738

921
67

988

Notes on Mineral Resources and Reserves  

Mineral Reserve Notes

1 .   Mineral reserves and mineral resources are as of  

1.   Long Term Metal Price Assumptions: 

3.   Qualified Persons:

December 31, 2015 . 

2 .  Mineral reserves are included in the mineral resources .

3 .  The mineral reserves and mineral resources are disclosed on 

a total project basis . 

4 .  The Olympias mineral reserves and mineral resources now 

exclude the remaining old tailings material . 

5 .  Vila Nova mineral reserves have been removed from the 

Reserve tabulation due to not being economic at projected 
long term iron ore prices . 

54    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

Gold = $1,200/oz . Silver = $16 .00/oz (for Stratoni it was 
$7 .74/oz Ag as governed by a streaming agreement 
with Silver Wheaton (Caymans) Ltd .); Copper = $3 .00/lb; 
Pb price = $2,000/t and Zn price = $2,000/t . 

2.  Cut-off grades: 

Kişladağ: $7 .30 NSR; Efemçukuru: 3 .48 g/t Au; Perama Hill: 
0 .8 g/t Au; Tanjianshan: 1 .30 g/t Au (JLG) , 1 .7 g/t Au 
(QLT South), 3 .80 g/t Au (QLT); Jinfeng: 0 .65 g/t Au 
(open pit), 2 .3g/t Au (underground); White Mountain: 
1 .8 g/t Au; Eastern Dragon: 1 .0 g/t Au (open pit), 1 .7g/t Au 
(underground); Tocantinzinho: 0 .42 g/t Au; Skouries: 
$12 .00 NSR (open pit), $33 .33 NSR (underground); 
Olympias: $76 .00 NSR; Stratoni: 15 .54% Zn Equivalent 
grade (=Zn%+Pb%*1 .20+Ag%*165); Certej: 0 .90 g/t Au 
Equivalent grade (=Au(g/t)+Ag(g/t)*0 .0121) . 

Richard Miller, P .Eng ., General Manager,Kişladağ Mine, 
is responsible for the Kişladağ reserves .
John Nilsson, P .Eng ., of Nilsson Mine Services, is responsible 
for the Skouries open pit, Certej and Tocantinzinho reserves .  

Doug Jones (Registered Member – SME), Senior Vice 
President, Operations for the Company, is responsible for 
the Tanjianshan, Jinfeng, White Mountain, Eastern Dragon, 
Efemçukuru, Olympias, Stratoni and Perama reserves . 

Colm Keogh, P .Eng, Principal Mining Engineer, AMC Mining 
Consultants (Canada) Ltd ., is responsible for the Skouries 
underground reserves . 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
MINERAL RESOURCES

as of December 31, 2015  Measured  Resources 

Indicated Resources 

Total Measured & Indicated 

Inferred Resources

GOLD 

Certej 
Eastern Dragon 
Efemçukuru 
Jinfeng 
Kişladağ 
Olympias 
Perama  
Piavitsa 
Sapes 
Skouries 
Tanjianshan 
Tocantinzinho 
White Mountain 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

 In-situ oz 
(x1000) 

g/t 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

 In-situ oz 
g/t  (x1000) 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

 In-situ oz 
 g/t   (x1000) 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

 In-situ oz 
 g/t   (x1000)

27,518  1 .80 
800 12 .48 
2,343  8 .82 
6,887  4 .16 
48,232  0 .82 
4,464  9 .97 
3,064  4 .30 
– 
– 
– 
– 
100,018  0 .79 
2,007  2 .13 
17,530  1 .51 
4,206  3 .64 

1,592 
322 
665 
920 
1,276 
1,431 
424 
– 
– 
2,534 
137 
851 
491 

62,463  1 .23 
2,700  6 .04 
2,573  7 .84 
13,029  3 .78 
441,134  0 .59 
10,644  8 .55 
9,375  3 .18 
– 
– 
2,423  6 .08 
189,263  0 .47 
3,384  3 .01 
31,202  1 .26 
2,678  3 .45 

2,472 
530 
649 
1,581 
8,325 
2,926 
958 
– 
474 
2,867 
327 
1,264 
297 

89,981  1 .40 
3,500  7 .50 
4,916  8 .31 
19,916  3 .91 
489,366  0 .61 
15,108  8 .97 
12,439  3 .46 
– 
– 
2,423  6 .08 
289,281  0 .58 
5,391  2 .68 
48,732  1 .35 
6,884  3 .56 

4,064 
852 
1,314 
2,501 
9,601 
4,357 
1,382 
– 
474 
5,401 
464 
2,115 
788 

12,228  0 .96 
2,200  2 .67 
5,524  4 .75 
7,818  3 .83 
372,643  0 .40 
3,955  8 .34 
8,766  1 .96 
10,542  5 .70 
1,011  10 .65 
170,136  0 .31 
4,341  3 .85 
2,395  0 .90 
1,685  6 .98 

376
190
844
962
4,792
1,060
554
1,932
347
1,680
537
69
378

Total Gold 

217,069  1.53  10,643 

770,868  0.91  22,670 

987,937  1.05  33,313 

603,244  0.71 

13,721

SILVER 

Certej 
Eastern Dragon 
Olympias 
Perama  
Piavitsa 
Stratoni 

27,518 
800 

7,768 
9 
91 
2,400 
4,464  142  20,380 
335 
3 
3,064 
– 
– 
– 
4,162 
644  201 

62,463 
2,700 

9  17,833 
5,900 
67 
10,644  147  50,305 
2,833 
– 
2,808 

9 
– 
412  212 

9,375 
– 

89,981 
3,500 
15,108 
12,439 
– 
1,056 

73 

9  25,601 
8,300 
146  70,685 
3,168 
– 
6,970 

8 
– 
205 

3 
12,228 
2,200 
20 
3,955  118 
7 
8,766 
57 
10,542 
490  169 

1,364
1,500
15,050
1,860
19,156
2,662

Total Silver 

36,490 

30  35,045 

85,594 

29  79,679 

122,084 

29  114,724 

38,181 

34 

41,592 

COPPER 

Tonnes 
(x1000)  % 

  In-situ t 
(x1000) 

Tonnes 
  In-situ t 
(x1000)  %  (x1000) 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

  In-situ t 
 %   (x1000) 

Tonnes 
(x1000) 

In-situ t 
 %   (x1000)

Skouries 

100,018  0 .48 

Total Copper 

100,018  0.48 

484 

484 

189,263  0 .40 

189,263  0.40 

289,281  0 .43 

1,242 

170,136  0 .34 

289,281  0.43 

1,242 

170,136  0.34 

578

578

153
31

184

171
43

214

3,955 
490 

4,445 

3,955 
490 

4,445 

3 .9 
6 .4 

4.1 

4 .3 
8 .8 

4.8 

9,519  59 .7 

9,519  59.7 

758 

758 

532 
33 

565 

724 
48 

772 

210 
50 

260 

259 
68 

327 

10,644 
412 

11,056 

5 .0 
7 .9 

5.1 

10,644 

6 .8 
412  11 .7 

11,056 

7.0 

15,108 
1,056 

16,164 

4 .9 
7 .9 

5.1 

742 
83 

825 

15,108 

6 .5 
1,056  11 .0 

983 
116 

16,164 

6.8 

1,099 

10,982  58 .5 

10,982  58.5 

13,194  58 .7 

13,194  58.7 

2.  Qualified Persons:

Stephen Juras, Ph .D ., P .Geo ., Director, Technical Services 
for the Company, is responsible for all of the Company’s 
mineral resources except for those associated with Sapes . 

Peter Lewis, Ph .D ., P .Geo ., Vice President, Exploration 
for the Company, is responsible for the Sapes 
mineral resources . 

LEAD 

Olympias 
Stratoni 

Total Lead 

ZINC 

Olympias 
Stratoni 

Total Zinc 

IRON 

Vila Nova 

Total Iron 

4,464 
644 

4 .7 
7 .7 

5,108 

5.1 

4,464 

5 .8 
644  10 .6 

5,108 

6.4 

2,212  59 .3 

2,212  59.3 

Mineral Resource Notes

1.  Cut-off grades:  

Kişladağ: 0 .25 g/t Au; Efemçukuru: 2 .5 g/t Au; 
Perama Hill: 0 .5 g/t Au; Jinfeng: 0 .5 g/t Au (open pit), 
2 .0 g/t Au (underground); Tanjianshan: 1 .0 g/t Au 
(JLG), 1 .0 g/t Au (QLT South), 2 .5 g/t Au (QLT); 
White Mountain: 1 .0 g/t Au; Eastern Dragon: 1 .0 g/t 
Au; Tocantinzinho: 0 .3 g/t Au; Certej: 0 .7 g/t Au; 
Skouries: 0 .20 g/t Au Equivalent grade (open pit), 
0 .60 g/t Au Equivalent grade (underground) (=Au g/t 
+ 1 .6*Cu%); Piavitsa: 3 .5 g/t Au; Sapes: 2 .5 g/t Au 
(underground), 1 .0 g/t Au (open pit) . Resource cut-offs 
for Olympias and Stratoni are geological-based due to the 
sharpness of the mineralized contacts and the high-grade 
nature of the mineralization .  

Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015    55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAUTIONARY NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION

Certain statements and information in this Report, including all statements that are not historical facts, are forward-looking statements and forward-looking information within the meaning 
of applicable US and Canadian securities laws . Such forward-looking statements or information include, but are not limited to, statements or information with respect to our strategy, plans, 
goals, outlook, financial disclosure; our future financial and operating performance, price of gold and other commodities, cash flow, cash costs, targets, production and expenditures; our 
mineral reserve and resource estimates; and our proposed mine development (including permitting), exploration, acquisitions, our expectation as to future performance at our mines and 
other events and developments that have not yet happened . Often, these statements include words such as “plans”, “expects” or  “does not expect”, “is expected”, “budget”, “scheduled”, 
“estimates”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “anticipates” or “does not anticipate” or “believes” or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results “may”, 
“could”, “would”, “might” or “will” be taken, occur or be achieved . 

With respect to forward-looking statements and information included in this Report, we have made numerous assumptions, estimates and opinions that may prove to be incorrect, including 
among other things, assumptions about the price of gold and other commodities; exchange rates; anticipated costs and expenditures; production, mineral reserves and resources and 
metallurgical recoveries; the impact of acquisitions, dispositions, suspensions or delays on our business; the political and economic environment in which we operate; and the ability to achieve 
our goals . Even though our management believes that the assumptions made and the expectations represented by such statements or information are reasonable, there is no assurance that 
the forward-looking statements or information will prove to be accurate . By their nature, forward-looking statements and information are based on assumptions and involve known and 
unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to be materially different from future results, performance 
or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements or information . Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, among other things, the following:   

•  regulatory restrictions, including environmental regulatory restrictions and liability, including actual costs of reclamation; 
•  risks of operating in foreign countries, including controls, regulations, changes in mining regimes or governments and political or economic developments in the countries in which 

we currently or may in the future conduct business; 

•  changes in law and regulatory requirements, including permitting, foreign investment, environmental, tax and health and safety laws and regulations;
•  title, permitting and licensing risks, including the risks of obtaining and maintaining the validity and enforceability of necessary permits and licenses, the timing of obtaining and renewing 

such permits and licenses, and risks of defective title to mineral property; 

•  competition for mineral properties and merger and acquisition targets;
•  environmental risks, including use and transport of regulated substances;
• 

infrastructure, water, energy, equipment  and other input availability and durability, and their cost and impact on capital and operating costs, exploration, development and 
production schedules;

•  volatility of global and local economic climate; 
•  community and non-governmental actions and regulatory risks, including the possibility of a shutdown at any of our operations;
•  ability to maintain positive relationships with the communities we operate in and loss of reputation;
•  gold and other metal price volatility and the impact of any related hedging activities;
•  subjectivity of estimating mineral resources and reserves and the reliance on available data and assumptions and judgments used in interpretation of such data and depletion of grades 

or quantities of reserves;

•  discrepancies between actual and estimated production, mineral reserves and resources and metallurgical recoveries; 
•  speculative and uncertain nature of gold and other mineral exploration;
•  development, mining and operational risk, including timing, hazards and losses that are uninsured or uninsurable;
•  risks of not meeting production and cost targets or estimates;
•  the loss of key employees and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel and labour disputes; 
•  prices for energy inputs, labour, material costs, supplies and services (including shipping) remaining consistent with expectations; 
•  risk associated with joint ventures;
• 
•  currency exchange fluctuations and the impact of any related hedging activities;
•  risks associated with maintaining substantial levels of indebtedness, including potential financial constraints on operations, interest rate risk and credit rating risk;
•  the risks that the integration of acquired businesses may take longer than expected, the anticipated benefits of the integration may be less than estimated or the costs of acquisition may 

increased capital requirements and the ability to obtain financing;

be higher than anticipated;

•  the impact of acquisitions and dispositions, monetization, mergers and other business combinations and transactions, including effect of changes in our portfolio of projects on our 

operations, capital requirements, and financial condition and ability to complete acquisitions; 
litigation risks, including the uncertainties inherent in current and future legal challenges we are, or may become, a party to;

• 
•  share capital dilution and share price volatility;
•  taxation, including change in tax laws and interpretations of tax laws;
•  failure, security breaches or disruption of our information technology systems; and
•  risks related to natural disasters and climate change .

See our Annual Information Form and our quarterly and annual MD&A for additional information on risks, uncertainties and other factors relating to the forward-looking statements and 
information . Although we have attempted to identify factors that would cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those disclosed in the forward-looking statements or 
information, there may be other factors that cause actual results, performances, achievements or events not to be anticipated, estimated or intended . Also, many of the factors are beyond 
our control . Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information . We undertake no obligation to reissue or update forward-looking statements 
or information as a result of new information or events after the date of this Report except as may be required by law . All forward-looking statements and information made in this document 
are qualified by this cautionary statement .

Cautionary Note about Production Outlook, Guidance and Estimates
Readers are cautioned that production outlook, guidance and estimates are subject to a variety of factors that are likely to cause actual results to vary from our estimates, and such variations 
may be material . Forward-looking information generally involves risks and uncertainties as described above which are, in many instances, beyond our control, including: (i) global and local 
economic conditions; (ii) pricing and cost factors; (iii) unanticipated events or changes in current development plans, execution of development plans, future operating results, financial 
conditions or other aspects of our business over time; and (iv) unfavourable regulatory developments, that could cause actual events and results to vary significantly from those included in or 
contemplated by such statements . The production outlook, guidance and estimates reflect certain assumptions by us, which assumptions may differ with respect to future events, economic, 
competitive and regulatory conditions, financial market conditions and future business decisions, including, without limitation, a continuation of existing business operations on substantially 
the same basis as currently exists all of which assumptions are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control . Accordingly, there is no assurance that the outlook, guidance and 
estimates are indicative of our future performance or that actual results would not differ materially from those in the outlook, guidance and estimates .

Cautionary Note to US Investors Concerning Estimates of Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resources
The terms “mineral resource”, “measured mineral resource”, “indicated mineral resource”, “inferred mineral resource” used herein are Canadian mining terms used in accordance 
with National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) under the guidelines set out in the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and 
Petroleum (the “CIM”) Standards on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves, adopted by the CIM Council, as may be amended from time to time . These definitions differ from the 
definitions in the United States Securities & Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Industry Guide 7 . In the United States, a mineral reserve is defined as a part of a mineral deposit which could 
be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time the mineral reserve determination is made .

While the terms “mineral resource”, “measured mineral resource,” “indicated mineral resource”, and “inferred mineral resource” are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, 
they are not defined terms under standards in the United States and normally are not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC . As such, information 
contained herein concerning descriptions of mineralization and resources under Canadian standards may not be comparable to similar information made public by U .S . companies in 
SEC filings . With respect to “indicated mineral resource” and “inferred mineral resource”, there is a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence and a great uncertainty as to their 
economic and legal feasibility . It cannot be assumed that all or any part of a “measured mineral resource”, “indicated mineral resource” or “inferred mineral resource” will ever be upgraded 
to a higher category . Accordingly, information herein containing descriptions of our mineral deposits may not be comparable to similar information made public by US companies subject to 
the reporting and disclosure requirements under US federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder .

56    Eldorado Gold Year in Review 2015

FINANCIAL REVIEW

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 2 
and Results of Operations

Management’s Responsibility for Financial Reporting  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 27

Independent Auditors’ Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 28

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 29

Consolidated Balance Sheets  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 30

Consolidated Income Statements  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 31

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 32

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 33

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 34

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 35 

Board of Directors, Officers and Senior Management Team  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 73 

Shareholder Information  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 74

Corporate Information  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . 75

Cautionary Note About Forward-Looking Statements and Information  .  .  .  .  .  . . 76

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    F1

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)

for the year ended December 31, 2015
Throughout this MD&A, Eldorado, we, us, our and the Company mean Eldorado Gold Corporation. 

This year means 2015. All dollar amounts are in United States dollars unless stated otherwise.

The information in this MD&A is as of March 23, 2016. You should also read our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 
December 31, 2015. We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as 
issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). We file them with appropriate regulatory authorities in Canada and the United States. 
You can find more information about Eldorado, including our Annual Information Form, on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

About Eldorado

Based in Vancouver, Canada, Eldorado owns and operates mines around the world. Its activities involve all facets of the mining industry including 
exploration, development, production and reclamation. 

OPERATING GOLD MINES:

■  Kişladağ, in Turkey (100%)

■  Efemçukuru, in Turkey (100%)

■  Tanjianshan, in China (90%)

■  White Mountain, in China (95%)

■ 

Jinfeng, in China (82%)

GOLD PROJECTS: 

■  Perama Hill, in Greece (100%)

■  Olympias, in Greece (95%)

■  Skouries, in Greece (95%)

■  Certej, in Romania (81%)

■  Eastern Dragon, in China (75%)

■  Tocantinzinho, in Brazil (100%) 

OTHER MINES: 

■  Stratoni – Lead and Zinc Concentrates, in Greece (95%)

■  Vila Nova – Iron Ore, in Brazil (100%)

ELDORADO IS LISTED ON THE FOLLOWING EXCHANGES:

■  Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbol ELD 

■  New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol EGO

ELD is part of the S&P/TSX Global Gold Index. EGO is part of the AMEX Gold BUGS Index.

2    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 20152015 Overview

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

■  Loss attributable to shareholders of the Company of $1,540.9 million or $2.15 loss per share, compared to net income attributable to shareholders 

of the Company of $102.6 million or $0.14 per share in 2014.

■  Dividends paid of $11.3 million in 2015, compared to $13.0 million in 2014.

■  Liquidity was $667.6 million at year end, including $292.6 million in cash, cash equivalents, and term deposits, and $375.0 million in unused lines 

of credit (2014 – $876.3 million of liquidity).

■  During 2015 the Company recognized non-cash impairment charges of $1,525.2 million, net of taxes.

SELECTED PERFORMANCE MEASURES (1)

■  Gold production of 723,532 ounces, including production from Olympias tailings retreatment (2014 – 789,224 ounces).

■  Total cash costs averaged $606 per ounce (2014 – $557 per ounce).

■  All-in sustaining cash costs averaged $842 per ounce (2014 – $779).

■  Gross profit from gold mining operations of $230.0 million (2014 – $382.7 million).

■  Adjusted net earnings of $13.2 million ($0.02 per share) compared to adjusted net earnings of $138.7 million ($0.19 per share) in 2014. 

■  Cash generated from operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital was $193.1 million (2014 – $342.9 million).

IMPAIRMENT CHARGES

During 2015 the Company recorded non-cash impairment charges totalling $1,049.2 million in property, plant and equipment (net of deferred income tax 
recovery), and $476.0 million in goodwill mainly related to Greece. The impairment of property, plant and equipment included $739.9 million related to 
Skouries, $214.1 million related to Certej, $31.2 million related to Stratoni, $35.8 million related to TJS, and $28.2 million related to Vila Nova. 

In addition to ongoing permitting issues at Skouries, higher estimated capital and operating costs affected projected cash flows from Skouries and Certej, 
leading to fair value estimates below these projects’ carrying values. Stratoni (lead and zinc) and Vila Nova (iron ore) were both affected by the continuing 
world-wide slump in base metals prices.

(1)   Throughout this MD&A we use cash operating cost per ounce, total cash costs per ounce, all-in sustaining cash costs, gross profit from gold mining operations, adjusted net earnings, and cash flow 
from operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital as additional measures of Company performance. These are non-IFRS measures. Please see page 14 for an explanation and 
discussion of these non-IFRS measures.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    3

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015Summarized Annual Financial Results

($ millions except as noted) 

2015 

2014 

2013

Revenues 

Gold revenues 

Gold sold (ounces) 

Average realized gold price ($/ounce) 

Average London spot gold price ($/ounce) 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

All-in sustaining cash cost ($/ounce sold) 

Gross profit from gold mining operations 

Adjusted net earnings 

Net profit (loss) attributable to shareholders of the Company 

Earnings (loss) per share attributable to shareholders of the Company – basic ($/share) 

Earnings (loss) per share attributable to shareholders of the Company – diluted ($/share) 

Cash flow from operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital   

Capital spending – cash basis 

Dividends paid – (CDN$/share) 

Cash, cash equivalents and term deposits 

Total assets 
Total long-term financial liabilities(1) 

 (1)  Includes long-term debt net of deferred financing costs, other non-current liabilities, and asset retirement obligations.

863.3 

823.8 

705,310 

1,168 

1,159 

552 

606 

842 

230.0 

13.2 

(1,540.9) 

(2.15) 

(2.15) 

193.1 

396.0 

0.02 

292.6 

1,067.9 

980.9 

774,522 

1,266 

1,266 

500 

557 

779 

382.7 

138.7 

102.6 

0.14 

0.14 

342.9 

410.7 

0.02 

501.3 

1,124.0

1,020.0

725,095

1,407

1,411

494

551

n/a

481.1

192.9

(653.3)

(0.91)

(0.91)

382.0

482.0

0.12

623.9

5,464.6 

698.5 

7,393.6 

745.5 

7,235.2

670.3

REVIEW OF ANNUAL FINANCIAL RESULTS

Gold sales volumes decreased 9% year over year, reflecting decreases in gold production at Kişladağ and the Company’s Chinese mines. Total cash costs 
per ounce increased 9% year over year, mainly due to increases in operating costs at Kişladağ and Tanjianshan. Gross profit from gold mining operations 
of $230.0 million fell 40% year over year on decreasing gross margins as a result of lower sales volumes, higher unit operating costs and lower realized 
gold prices. 

Loss attributable to shareholders of the Company was $1,540.9 million (or $2.15 per share), compared to a net profit attributable to shareholders 
of the Company of $102.6 million (or $0.14 per share) in 2014. The loss in 2015 was mainly due to impairment losses, net of tax, in the amount of 
$1,525.2 million ($1,423.0 million attributable to shareholders of the Company), a deferred income tax charge of $63.5 million related to a change 
in income tax rates in Greece, and lower gross profits from gold mining operations.

Adjusted net earnings for the year was $13.2 million ($0.02 per share) as compared with $138.7 million ($0.19 per share) for 2014. The main factor 
in the decrease in adjusted net earnings was the decrease in gross profit from gold mining operations described above. Please see page 15 for a 
reconciliation between loss attributable to shareholders of the Company and adjusted net earnings.

4    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summarized Quarterly Financial Results

2015

($ millions except as noted) 

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

2015

Revenues  

Gold revenues 

Gold sold (ounces) 

Average realized gold price ($/ounce) 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

All-in sustaining cash cost ($/ounce sold) 

Gross profit from gold mining operations 

Adjusted net earnings (loss) 

Net profit (loss) attributable to shareholders of the Company 

Earnings (loss) per share attributable to shareholders of the  

238.3 

224.0 

181,820 

1,232 

521 

729 

77.1 

19.5 

(8.2) 

214.2 

204.2 

170,056 

1,201 

569 

900 

61.4 

17.0 

(198.6) 

211.5 

206.2 

182,124 

1,132 

552 

835 

53.1 

(4.0) 

(96.1) 

199.3 

189.4 

171,310 

1,105 

567 

914 

38.4 

(19.3) 

863.3

823.8

705,310

1,168

552

842

230.0

13.2

(1,238.0) 

(1,540.9)

Company – basic ($/share) 

(0.01) 

(0.28) 

(0.13) 

(1.73) 

Earnings (loss) per share attributable to shareholders of the  

Company – diluted ($/share) 

(0.01) 

(0.28) 

(0.13) 

(1.73) 

(2.15)

(2.15)

Cash flow from operating activities before changes in  

non-cash working capital 

58.9 

61.9 

43.4 

28.9 

193.1

2014

($ millions except as noted) 

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

2014

Revenues 

Gold revenues 

Gold sold (ounces) 

Average realized gold price ($/ounce) 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

All-in sustaining cash cost ($/ounce sold) 

Gross profit from gold mining operations 

Adjusted net earnings 

Net profit (loss) attributable to shareholders of the Company 

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the  

Company – basic ($/share) 

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the  

Company – diluted ($/share) 

Cash flow from operating activities before changes in  

non-cash working capital 

279.9 

247.6 

190,628 

1,299 

519 

786 

95.4 

37.3 

31.3 

0.04 

0.04 

94.7 

265.5 

247.6 

190,621 

1,299 

489 

829 

100.8 

35.9 

37.6 

0.05 

0.05 

92.2 

263.5 

241.2 

189,321 

1,274 

488 

735 

102.0 

36.1 

19.8 

0.03 

0.03 

78.7 

259.0 

244.5 

203,952 

1,199 

505 

761 

84.5 

29.4 

13.9 

0.02 

0.02 

77.3 

1,067.9

980.9

774,522

1,266

500

779

382.7

138.7

102.6

0.14

0.14

342.9

REVIEW OF QUARTERLY RESULTS

Loss attributable to shareholders of the Company for the quarter was $1,238.0 million ($1.73 per share) as compared to net profit for the quarter ended 
December 31, 2014 of $13.9 million ($0.02 per share). Adjusted loss was $19.3 million as compared to 2014 adjusted net earnings of $29.4 million. 
The main factors that impacted earnings for the fourth quarter year over year was the impairment charge attributable to shareholders of the company, 
net of taxes, of $1,249.6 million recorded in the fourth quarter of 2015, and lower gold sales volumes and prices.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    5

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 20152015 

2014 

  2016 outlook

723,532 

789,224 

565,000 to 630,000

552 

606 

842 

94.9 

281,280 

543 

558 

30.6 

100,482 

521 

540 

24.1 

97,563 

473 

646 

14.7 

149,655 

587 

669 

10.0 

78,156 

653 

691 

15.5 

16,396 

500 

557 

779 

109.0 

585 to 620

n/a

940 to 980

105.0

311,233 

225,000 to 240,000

443 

461 

41.6 

98,829 

573 

595 

25.6 

107,614 

389 

559 

5.4 

168,50 

575 

658 

16.0 

85,308 

617 

657 

20.4 

17,737 

550 to 600

n/a

50.0

90,000 to 100,000

550 to 600

n/a

20.0

70,000 to 80,000

675 to 725

n/a

5.0

95,000 to 105,000

700 to 750

n/a

15.0

 75,000 to 85,000

625 to 675

n/a

15.0

n/a

Operations Review and Outlook

GOLD OPERATIONS

Total Operating Gold Mines

Gold ounces produced 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

All-in sustaining cash costs ($/ounce)  

Sustaining capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Kişladağ 
Gold ounces produced 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Sustaining capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Efemçukuru 

Gold ounces produced 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce)  

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Sustaining capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Tanjianshan 

Gold ounces produced 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Sustaining capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Jinfeng 

Gold ounces produced 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Sustaining capital expenditure ($ millions) 

White Mountain 

Gold ounces produced 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Sustaining capital expenditure ($ millions) 

Olympias 

Gold ounces produced from tailings retreatment 

6    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
Annual Review – Operations

KIŞLADAĞ

Operating Data 

Tonnes placed on pad 

Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 

Gold (ounces) 

–  Produced 

–  Sold 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Financial Data ($ millions) 

Gold revenues 

Depreciation and depletion 

Gross profit from mining operations 

Sustaining capital expenditures 

2015 

2014

19,146,685 

15,501,790

0.70 

1.01

281,280 

280,892 

543 

558 

311,233

311,451

443

461

326.5 

46.5 

121.2 

30.6 

392.5

28.1

218.2

41.6

Gold production at Kişladağ was 10% lower year over year mainly as a result of lower ore grades, which were expected for this phase of the open pit. 
Lower ore grades were partly offset by an increase in ore tonnage and an inventory draw-down resulting from increased solution application to the leach 
pad. Kişladağ placed 24% more total tonnes on the leach pad at a 31% lower head grade than in 2014. Cash operating costs per ounce were higher year 
over year as a result of the lower grade of ore, partly offset by a decline in diesel fuel prices, and a weakening of the Turkish lira. Capital expenditures at 
Kişladağ in 2015 included capitalized waste stripping, equipment overhauls and sustaining construction projects. 

EFEMÇUKURU

Operating Data 

Tonnes milled 

Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 

Average recovery rate (to concentrate) 

Gold (ounces) 

–  Produced 

–  Sold 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Financial Data ($ millions) 

Gold revenues 

Depreciation and depletion 

Gross profit from mining operations 

Sustaining capital expenditures 

2015 

2014

454,863 

7.82 

91.7% 

100,482 

99,147 

521 

540 

113.5 

30.3 

28.0 

24.1 

436,852

8.34

93.3%

98,829

101,717

$573

$595

128.8

26.9

40.2

25.6

Gold production at Efemçukuru increased 2% year over year due to favorable smelter settlement adjustments as well as an increase in mill throughput. 
Gold ounces sold were lower due to concentrate inventory movements. Lower cash operating costs were the result of both the impact of the weakening 
Turkish lira, cost reduction initiatives, and slightly higher gold production. Capital spending included costs related to capitalized underground development, 
mobile equipment, tailings dam construction, and process improvements.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    7

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TANJIANSHAN

Operating Data 

Tonnes milled 

Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 

Average recovery rate 

Gold (ounces) 

–  Produced 

–  Sold 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Financial Data ($ millions) 

Gold revenues 

Depreciation and depletion 

Gross profit from mining operations 

Sustaining capital expenditures 

2015 

2014

1,060,176 

1,045,440

3.14 

82.4% 

97,563 

97,563 

473 

646 

115.5 

25.3 

26.8 

14.7 

3.69

81.7%

107,614

107,614

389

559

136.6

22.2

53.5

5.4

Gold production at Tanjianshan was 9% lower year over year mainly due to lower average treated head grade, and gold-in-circuit inventory movements. 
Cash operating costs per ounce were higher than 2014 mainly due to lower average treated head grade and higher ore and waste tonnes mined. 
Capital expenditures for the year included construction of a tailings dam lift and driving the Qinlongtan (“QLT”) Deep decline in order to evaluate the 
QLT resource.

JINFENG

Operating Data 

Tonnes milled 

Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 

Average recovery rate 

Gold (ounces) 

–  Produced 

–  Sold 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Financial Data ($ millions) 

Gold revenues 

Depreciation and Depletion 

Gross profit from mining operations 

Sustaining capital expenditures 

2015 

2014

1,303,863 

1,470,824

4.13 

86.2% 

149,655 

149,552 

587 

669 

176.6 

37.2 

39.3 

10.0 

3.99

86.8%

168,503

168,432

575

658

214.5

52.2

51.5

16.0

Gold production at Jinfeng was 11% lower year over year mainly as a result of less ore milled, partially offset by higher average treated head grade. 
Ore production fell year over year with the completion of the open pit in April 2015. Cash operating costs per ounce were 2% higher year over year 
mainly due to lower gold production. Capital expenditures for the year included underground development, mining equipment and the construction of 
dry stacking facilities at the flotation and carbon in leach (“CIL”) tailings dams. 

8    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WHITE MOUNTAIN

Operating Data 

Tonnes milled 

Average treated head grade (g/t Au) 

Average recovery rate 

Gold (ounces) 

–  Produced 

–  Sold 

Cash operating costs ($/ounce) 

Total cash costs ($/ounce) 

Financial Data ($ millions) 

Gold revenues 

Depreciation and depletion 

Gross profit from mining operations 

Sustaining capital expenditures 

2015 

2014

849,335 

3.30 

86.5% 

78,156 

78,156 

653 

691 

91.6 

27.0 

10.5 

15.5 

850,782

3.47

86.9%

85,308

85,308

617

657

108.6

33.1

19.2

20.4

Gold production at White Mountain was 8% lower year over year due to lower average treated head grade and gold-in-circuit inventory movements. 
Cash operating costs per ounce were 6% higher than in 2014 principally as a result of the lower average treated head grade. Capital expenditures for 
the year included underground electrical infrastructure, upgrades to the mill and backfill plant, and ongoing expansion of the tailings storage facility.

STRATONI

Operating Data 

Tonnes ore processed (dry) 

Pb grade (%) 

Zn grade (%) 

Tonnes of concentrate produced 

Tonnes of concentrate sold 

Average realized concentrate price ($/tonne) 

Cash Costs ($/tonne of concentrate sold) 

Financial Data ($ millions) 

Concentrate revenues 

Depreciation and depletion 

Gross profit (loss) from mining operations 

Sustaining capital expenditures 

2015 

2014

154,992 

219,861

6.5% 

8.5% 

40,232 

46,502 

771(1) 
774 

35.9 

8.6 

(12.5) 

3.2 

5.9%

10.5%

58,375

57,719

884

714

51.0

8.4

0.6

5.0

(1)   Average realized price included mark to market downward adjustments to accounts receivable in the amount of $48 per tonne.

Stratoni produced 31% less concentrate than 2014 mainly due to lower mine output. Mine output was impacted by fewer available underground 
production faces as well as an extended mine shutdown related to Kassandra mines’ permitting issues. Stratoni reported a loss from mining operations of 
$12.5 million (2014 – gross profit $0.6 million). The loss included write down of inventory to net realizable value of $3.3 million. In addition to the shortfall 
in production, the profitability of mining operations was impacted by weak lead and zinc prices. Capital expenditures for the year included upgrades to 
health, safety and environmental equipment, and upgrades to the water treatment plant.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    9

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VILA NOVA

Operating Data 

Tonnes processed 

Iron ore produced 

Average Grade (% Fe) 

Iron ore tonnes 

–  Sold 
Average realized iron ore price(1) ($/tonne) 
Cash costs ($/tonne sold) 

Financial Data ($ millions) 

Iron ore revenues 

Depreciation and depletion 

Gross profit (loss) from mining operations 

Sustaining capital expenditures 

2015 

2014

20,017 

16,038 

63.7% 

806,082

693,714

63.1%

47,815 

524,645

(8) 

33 

(0.4) 

1.0 

(11.8) 

– 

60

55

31.6

4.9

(16.7)

1.0

(1) 

 Average realized price includes negative adjustments to prior shipments.

A nominal amount of iron ore was processed and shipped in the first quarter of 2015 while preparing the plant for shutdown. No production was realized 
during the rest of the 2015 year, and sales and logistic activities remained suspended during the year due to low iron ore market prices.

10    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Annual Review – Development Projects

KIŞLADAĞ

Design concepts were developed during 2015 for additional crushing and screening capacity to increase plant throughput at Kişladağ to 20 million tonnes 
per year. The crushing circuit was optimized with a change in crush size that is expected to improve gold recovery when it becomes operational in 2016.

OLYMPIAS

The Olympias plant treated 589,675 tonnes of tailings at a grade of 1.99 grams per tonne during 2015. A total of 16,396 ounces of gold were produced 
during the year. The Olympias plant is expected to cease treating tailings during the first quarter of 2016. 

During 2015 basic engineering for Phase II was completed, and full implementation began with detailed engineering and procurement of long lead items 
well advanced by year end. The construction phase is expected to begin in 2016 assuming the timely receipt of the required installation permit, with 
commissioning forecast by the end of the year. Underground mine development and refurbishment continued at Olympias during 2015, with underground 
ore production for Phase II projected to begin early in 2017. During 2015, 659 metres of underground access were rehabilitated and 1,901 metres of 
new development were completed. In addition, approximately 330 metres were advanced on the main Stratoni-Olympias decline, bringing total decline 
advance project-to-date to 1,950 metres. Capital costs incurred in 2015 were $97 million, consisting of $72 million in construction capital and $25 million 
in capitalized cost for tailings retreatment.

SKOURIES

Engineering design work for the processing plant and surface facilities progressed during 2015, with engineering at over 93% complete by year end. 
During the year a substantial amount of the equipment and various steel structures required to complete construction of the plant and facilities were 
delivered to the Skouries site, with over 80% of the procurement scope completed by the end of the year. Work continued on construction of the process 
plant and road access was completed to the base of the tailings dam. 

Work on the development of the Skouries underground mine design was advanced during 2015 from scoping level through prefeasibility level. 
The underground mine design is expected to be completed in 2016. The mine is projected to achieve a throughput rate of 4.5 million tonnes per year 
using shaft and ramp access with sub-level open stoping along vertical development intervals of 60 metres. The open pit is expected to be used for 
disposal of mill tailings during the life of the underground operation. The open pit is projected to operate for a period of eight years to be followed by 
22 years of underground mining. During 2015 a total of $112.9 million was spent on Skouries, excluding capitalized exploration and capitalized interest.

On January 11, 2016 the Company announced that construction and development activities at the Skouries project were being suspended due to delays 
in the issuance of routine permits and licences by the Greek permitting authorities. Environmental protection works and care and maintenance activities 
continued to be performed in order to safeguard the environment and the assets of the Company at site at a cost of approximately $1.0 million per month.

CERTEJ

In May 2015 the Company released the results of the feasibility study for the Certej project. The study included improvements in the mine design and 
further optimization of the flotation and oxidation processes for gold recovery. This study resulted in a decrease in projected capital investment and 
reduced life of mine operating costs, as compared with the previous feasibility study. Engineering work continued during 2015 on trade off studies 
with a focus on further opportunities to improve the project and increase the level of engineering confidence. Work began on amending the existing 
environmental permits to reflect the proposed changes, and will continue to be the focus of efforts in 2016. During 2015 a total of $15.8 million was 
spent on Certej, mainly on geotechnical and metallurgical testing, site preparation and engineering studies. 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    11

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015PERAMA HILL

Project engineering was completed during the year on Perama Hill and the project was placed on care and maintenance pending receipt of the 
Environmental Impact Assessment approval. In 2015, a total of $1.0 million was spent on the Perama Hill project.

EASTERN DRAGON

A key milestone was achieved in June 2015 with the receipt of the Project Permit Approval (“PPA”). The PPA, which was approved by the National 
Development and Reform Commission (“NDRC”), provides verification of previous permitting steps including the Environmental Protection Assessment 
approval. The conversion of the Exploration Licence to a Mining Licence is progressing, evidenced by formal acceptance of the application by the Ministry 
of Land and Resources (“MLR”) on March 1, 2016. Mine personnel continue to be engaged with local, state and central government authorities to actively 
pursue all avenues to advance permitting while maintaining all existing agreements in good standing.

TOCANTINZINHO

The Company completed a feasibility study for the Tocantinzinho project during 2015. The project is projected to generate positive cash flows with a 
return rate of 13.5% after tax at a forecast gold price of $1,250 per ounce. Capital costs incurred at Tocantinzinho in 2015 totalled $4.1 million and were 
spent on engineering and site works to advance the installation of the access road to the site.

12    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015Annual Review – Exploration

A total of $30.0 million was spent in 2015 on exploration, which included 58,000 metres of drilling. Exploration activities were conducted at 17 projects 
including early-stage, brownfields and in-mine programs in Turkey, China, Brazil, Greece, Serbia and Romania.

TURKEY

At the Efemçukuru mine 5,500 metres of drilling focused on establishing the grade and continuity of mineralized trends within the Kokarpinar vein system. 
Reconnaissance teams drill-tested porphyry-epithermal targets at the Dölek project in Northeast Turkey (1,900 metres), and conducted project generation 
work mainly in northern and western Turkey. Aeromagnetic data were acquired covering roughly 6,000 square kilometres in an area west of Kişladağ, 
which will form the basis of regional reconnaissance work in 2016, directed towards identifying new porphyry and epithermal targets.

CHINA

In China, brownfields and in-mine exploration programs were completed at Tanjianshan and White Mountain. At Tanjianshan, 4,700 metres of drilling, 
collared from the new underground development, defined along-strike and down-dip extensions to the high-grade Qinlongtan North deposit. Drilling 
was also completed at the nearby Xijingou deposit (2,200 metres), and the Dushugou and Qingshan prospects (800 metres total). At White Mountain, 
14,200 metres of underground drilling were completed, focused mainly on expanding resources in the South, North, and Far North zones. Finally, 
a 600 metres drill program tested new exploration targets on the Anbao licence, north of Jinfeng.

BRAZIL

In Brazil, the KRB prospect in the Tocantinzinho project area was tested with 3,000 metres of drilling completed. Other exploration activities in Brazil were 
limited project generation, mainly in the Central Brazil gold belt and in the northeastern part of the country. In December an option agreement was signed 
with a private Brazilian company covering parts of the prospective Mara Rosa greenstone belt. The agreement includes the right to earn up to 100% in the 
subject licences.

GREECE

Exploration drilling in Greece totalled 900 metres of underground drilling that targeted extensions of the Mavres Petres deposit. Other exploration activities 
focused on mapping and sampling programs on our Halkidiki and Sapes licence areas, and project generation work in Northern Greece. Several new high-
grade vein occurrences were identified peripheral to the Skouries deposit, and drilling targets were defined at the Tsikara and Fisoka prospects. 

ROMANIA

In Romania, five exploration projects were drilled in the Certej area. A total of 5,100 metres of drilling were completed at the Muncel VMS deposit aimed 
at identifying gold-rich areas within the base metal system. At Magura, 8,900 metres of drilling targeted down-dip and along-strike extensions of high-
grade veins that were historically explored in underground workings. At the newly acquired Certej North exploration licence, 4,700 metres of drilling 
were completed intersecting broad zones of peripheral porphyry and epithermal-style alteration/mineralization. Drilling programs also tested the P. Avram 
prospect (1,700 metres) and porphyry targets on the Deva exploration licence (650 metres).

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    13

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015Non-IFRS Measures

Throughout this document we have provided measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, as well as some non-IFRS performance measures as additional 
information for investors who also use them to evaluate our performance. Since there is no standard method for calculating non-IFRS measures, they are 
not a reliable way to compare us against other companies. Non-IFRS measures should be used with other performance measures prepared in accordance 
with IFRS. We have defined our non-IFRS measures below and reconciled them with the IFRS measures we report.

Cash Operating Cost, Total Cash Cost
The table below reconciles cash operating cost and total cash cost to operating costs. We calculate costs according to the Gold Institute Standard. 

($ millions, except for gold ounces sold and per ounce amounts) 

Production costs (from consolidated income statements) 

Vila Nova and Stratoni production costs 

Production costs – excluding Vila Nova and Stratoni 

Less: 

By-product credits 

Total cash cost 

Less: 

Royalty expense and production taxes 

Cash operating cost 

Gold ounces sold  

Total cash cost per ounce 

Cash operating cost per ounce 

2015 

469.8 

38.1 

431.7 

(4.2) 

427 .5 

2014

508.3

72.5

435.8

(4.4)

431 .4

(38.2) 

(44.1)

389 .3 

705,310 

606 

552 

387 .3

774,522

557

500

All-in Sustaining Cash Cost
All-in sustaining costs are calculated by taking total cash costs and adding sustaining capital expenditures, corporate administrative expenses, exploration 
and evaluation costs, and reclamation cost accretion. Sustaining capital expenditures are defined as those expenditures which do not increase annual 
gold ounce production at a mine site, and exclude all expenditures at the Company’s projects. Certain other cash expenditures, including tax payments, 
dividends and financing costs, are also not included. The Company believes that this measure represents the total costs of producing gold from current 
operations, and provides the Company and other stakeholders of the company with additional information of the Company’s operational performance 
and ability to generate cash flows. The Company reports this measure on a gold ounces sold basis.

Calculation of All-in Sustaining Cash Costs

($ millions, except for gold ounces sold and all-in sustaining cash cost per ounce sold) 

Total cash cost – excluding Vila Nova and Stratoni (per table above) 

Sustaining capital spending at operating gold mines 

Exploration spending at operating gold mines 
General and administrative expenses(1) 
All-in sustaining cash costs 

Gold ounces sold 

All-in sustaining cash cost per ounce sold 

 2015 

427.5 

94.9 

10.4 

61.4 

594.2 

705,310 

842 

2014

431.4

109.0

9.1

53.6

603.1

774,522

779

(1)  Excludes G&A expenses related to business development activities and projects. Includes share-based payments expense and defined benefit pension plan expense as well as asset retirement obligation 

accretion expense.

14    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flow From Operations Before Changes in Non-cash Working Capital
We use cash flow from operations (or operating activities) before changes in non-cash working capital to supplement our consolidated financial 
statements, and calculate it by not including the period to period movement of non-cash working capital items, like accounts receivable, advances and 
deposits, inventory, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. 

We believe this provides a better indication of our cash flow from operations and may be meaningful to investors in evaluating our past performance or 
future prospects. It is not meant to be a substitute for cash flow from operations (or operating activities), which we calculate according to IFRS.

Adjusted Net Earnings
The Company has included non-IFRS performance measures, adjusted net earnings and adjusted net earnings per share, throughout this document. 
Adjusted net earnings excludes gains/losses and other costs incurred for acquisitions and disposals of mining interests, impairment charges, unrealized and 
non-cash realized gains/losses of financial instruments and foreign exchange impacts on deferred income tax. The Company also excludes net earnings and 
losses of certain associates that the Company does not view as part of the core mining operations. The Company excludes these items from net earnings 
to provide a measure which allows the Company and investors to evaluate the results of the underlying core operations of the Company and its ability to 
generate cash flow. Accordingly, it is intended to provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures 
of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS.

The following table provides a reconciliation of adjusted net earnings to the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31:

($ millions, except for weighted average shares and earnings per share)   

Q4 2015 

2015 

2014

Net (loss) earnings attributable to shareholders of the Company 

(1,238 .0) 

(1,540 .9) 

102 .6

Transaction costs 

Losses (gains) on disposal of assets 

Losses (gains) on available-for-sale securities 

Loss on investment in associates 

Impairment loss on investment in associates 

Write-down of assets & inventory 
Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment, and goodwill (net of taxes)(1)   
Unrealized losses (gains) on foreign exchange translation of deferred income tax balances 
Deferred income tax charge for change in Greek tax rates(1) 
Total adjusted net earnings 

Weighted average shares outstanding 

Adjusted net earnings ($/share) 

 (1)   Attributable to shareholders of the Company. 

1.2 

0.2 

0.0 

0.0 

0.0 

15.2 

1,208.9 

(3.6) 

(3.2) 

(19 .3) 

3.1 

0.2 

0.0 

0.0 

0.0 

28.5 

1,423.0 

38.9 

60.4 

13 .2 

0.0

1.9

2.4

0.1

0.0

16.5

0.0

15.2

0.0

138 .7

716,587 

716,586 

(0 .03) 

0 .02 

716,288

0 .19

Gross Profit from Gold Mining Operations
Gross profit from gold mining operations represents gross revenues from gold mining operations less production costs and depreciation, depletion and 
amortization related to those operations. 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    15

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Condition & Liquidity

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Operating activities before changes in non-cash working capital generated $193.1 million in cash in 2015, compared to $342.9 million in 2014.

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

The Company invested $396.0 million in capital expenditures this year. Evaluation and development expenditures, including capitalized drilling programs 
and Olympias tailings retreatment, totalled $262.9 million, while sustaining capital spending at our producing mines totalled $98.1 million ($94.9 million 
at our producing gold mines and $3.2 million at Stratoni and Vila Nova). We also spent $5.0 million on land acquisitions in Turkey and Romania. A total of 
$27.2 million in bond interest was also charged to capital projects. The remaining $2.8 million related to fixed assets for our corporate offices in Canada, 
Brazil, Turkey, Greece, Romania and China. In addition, cash proceeds of $17.9 million related to gold concentrate sales proceeds from tailings retreatment 
were recorded as cash flows from investment activities.

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

The Company paid dividends of $10.9 million to non-controlling interests and $11.3 million to shareholders during 2015.

The Company is suspending the cash payment of its semi-annual dividend payment effective the first quarter of 2016. The decision of the Board of 
Directors has been made in view of the low gold price, the terms and conditions of the Dividend Policy and the requirements of the Canada Business 
Corporations Act (“CBCA”). We continue to believe that a portion of funds from operations should be shared with our investors and look forward to 
resuming dividend payments in an environment of stronger gold prices.

Capital Resources

($ millions) 

Cash, cash equivalents and term deposits 

Working capital 

Restricted collateralized accounts 

Debt – Current and long-term 

2015 

292.6 

335.4 

0.2 

589.4 

2014

501.3

646.2

0.3

603.5

Management believes that the working capital at December 31, 2015, together with future cash flows from operations and, where appropriate, selected 
financing sources, including available credit lines, are sufficient to support our planned and foreseeable commitments, and dividends, if declared, in 2016 
and beyond. 

Within 1 year 

2 to 3 years 

4 to 5 years  Over 5 years 

Total

– 

0.7 

5.9 

53.1 

59 .7 

– 

0.7 

6.0 

2.5 

9 .2 

600.0 

– 

6.2 

0.2 

606 .4 

– 

– 

6.1 

– 

6 .1 

600.0

1.4

24.2

55.8

681 .4

Contractual Obligations
As at December 31, 2015

($ millions) 

Debt 

Capital leases 

Operating leases 

Purchase obligations 

Totals 

The table does not include interest on debt.

16    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2015, Hellas Gold had entered into off-take agreements pursuant to which Hellas Gold agreed to sell a total of 17,280 dry metric 
tonnes of zinc concentrates, 9,860 dry metric tonnes of lead/silver concentrates, and 26,225 gold concentrate through the financial year ending 
December 31, 2016.

In April 2007, Hellas agreed to sell to Silver Wheaton (Caymans) Ltd. (“Silver Wheaton”) all of the payable silver contained in lead concentrate produced 
within an area of approximately seven square kilometres around Stratoni. The sale was made in consideration of a prepayment to Hellas of $57.5 million 
in cash, plus a fixed price per ounce of payable silver to be delivered of the lesser of $3.90 and the prevailing market price per ounce, adjusted higher 
every April by 1%. For the period April 2015 through March 2016, this amount is equal to $4.14 per ounce. In October 2015 the agreement with 
Silver Wheaton was amended to provide an increase in the price per ounce of payable silver to be delivered to Hellas based on Hellas achieving certain 
exploration drilling milestones.

In May 2013, the Company, in connection with Hellas Gold, entered into a Letter of Guarantee in favour of the Greek Ministry of Environment, Energy and 
Climate Change, in the amount of €50.0 million, as security for the due and proper performance of rehabilitation works committed in connection with the 
Environmental Impact Assessment approved for the Kassandra Mines (Stratoni, Olympias and Skouries). The Letter of Guarantee is renewed annually and 
expires on July 26, 2026. The Letter of Guarantee has an annual fee of 57 basis points. 

As at December 31, 2015, Tuprag Metal Madencilik Sanayi Ve Ticaret A.S. (“Tuprag”) had entered into off-take agreements pursuant to which Tuprag 
agreed to sell a total of 36,000 dry metric tonnes of gold concentrate through the financial year ending December 31, 2016.

Debt

JINFENG 

On January 16, 2013, Jinfeng entered into a RMB 100.0 million ($15.4 million) working capital loan with China Commerce Bank (“CMB”). Each 
draw-down had a fixed interest rate of 5.6% and had a term of six months. The facility had a term of up to one year, from January 16, 2013 to 
January 14, 2014. In January 2014 the term of the facility was extended to January 28, 2015 and was not subsequently renewed. This facility was 
unsecured. The proceeds were used to fund working capital obligations. As at December 31, 2015, Jinfeng repaid the full amount under this facility. 

REVOLVING CREDIT FACILITY

The Company has a $375.0 million revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks (“the credit facility” or “ARCA”). The ARCA matures on 
November 23, 2016. The ARCA is secured by the shares of SG Resources and Tuprag, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company. The ARCA contains 
covenants that restrict, among other things, the ability of the Company to incur an aggregate unsecured indebtedness exceeding $850.0 million, incur 
secured indebtedness up to $200.0 million, make distributions in certain circumstances, sell material assets and carry on a business other than one related to 
the mining business. Significant financial covenants include a maximum debt to Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”) 
of 3.5:1 and a minimum EBITDA to interest of 3:1. The Company is in compliance with these covenants at December 31, 2015. Loan interest is variable 
depending on a leverage ratio pricing grid. The Company’s current leverage ratio is approximately 1.99:1. At this ratio, interest charges and fees are as follows: 
LIBOR plus margin of 2.00% and undrawn standby fee of 0.50%. Fees of $4.7 million were paid in relation to the credit facility. This amount was deferred as 
pre-payments for liquidity services and was amortized to financing costs. No amounts were drawn down under the ARCA as at December 31, 2015.

SENIOR NOTES

On December 10, 2012, the Company completed an offering of $600.0 million senior notes (“the notes”) at par value, with a coupon rate of 6.125% 
due December 15, 2020. The notes pay interest semi-annually on June 15 and December 15. The Company received proceeds of $589.5 million from the 
offering, which is net of the commission payment. The notes are redeemable by the Company in whole or in part, for cash:

a)  At any time prior to December 15, 2016 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes at the treasury yield plus 

50 basis points, and any accrued and unpaid interest; 

b)  on and after the dates provided below, at the redemption prices, expressed as a percentage of principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, set forth 

below, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the notes:

  December 15, 2016 
  December 15, 2017 
2018 and thereafter 

103.063%
101.531%
100.000%

The early prepayment prices are to reimburse the lender for lost interest for the remaining term. The fair market value of the notes as at 
December 31, 2015 is $526.9 million. 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    17

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
ENTRUSTED LOAN

In November 2010, Eastern Dragon, HSBC Bank (China) and QDML, our 90% owned subsidiary, entered into a RMB 12.0 million ($2.0 million) entrusted 
loan agreement, which has been increased to RMB 720.0 million ($110.9 million) through a series of amendments. Under the terms of the entrusted loan, 
QDML with its own funds entrusts HSBC Bank (China) to provide a loan facility in the name of QDML to Eastern Dragon. The loan can be drawn down 
in tranches. Each draw-down bears interest fixed at the prevailing lending rate stipulated by the People’s Bank of China on the date of draw-down. Each 
draw-down has a term of one year and can be rolled forward at the discretion of QDML. The interest rate on this loan as at December 31, 2015 was 
4.59%. As at December 31, 2015, RMB 667.1 million ($102.7 million) had been drawn under the entrusted loan. Subsequent to December 31, 2015, 
RMB 3.1 million ($0.5 million) was drawn under this loan. The entrusted loan has been recorded on a net settlement basis.

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company operates defined benefit pension plans in Canada with two components: a registered pension plan (“the Pension Plan”) and a 
supplementary pension plan (“the SERP”). During the second quarter of 2012, the SERP was converted into a Retirement Compensation Arrangement 
(“RCA”), a trust account. As it is a trust account, the assets in the account are protected from the Company’s creditors. The RCA requires the Company to 
remit 50% of any contributions and any realized investment gains to the Receiver General of Canada as refundable tax.

These plans, which are available only to certain qualifying employees, provide benefits based on an employee’s years of service and final average earnings 
at retirement. Annual contributions related to these plans are actuarially determined and made at or in excess of minimum requirements prescribed 
by legislation.

Eldorado’s plans have actuarial valuations performed for funding purposes. The Pension Plan last had an actuarial valuation performed as of 
January 1, 2014 for funding purposes with the next required valuation as of January 1, 2017. The SERP’s last valuation was on January 1, 2015 for funding 
purposes and the next valuation will be prepared in accordance with the terms of the pension plan. The measurement date to determine the pension 
obligation and assets for accounting purposes was December 31, 2015.

The SERP is designed to provide supplementary pension benefits to qualifying employees affected by the maximum pension limits under the 
Income Tax Act pursuant to the registered Pension Plan. Further, the Company is not required to pre-fund any benefit obligation under the SERP.

Cash contributed to the Pension Plan and the SERP was $2.8 million (2014 – $2.7 million). Cash payments totalling $0.1 million were made directly to 
beneficiaries during the year (2014 – $0.2 million). The Company expects to contribute $0.04 million to the Pension Plan and $1.7 million to the SERP 
in 2016.

Equity

In 2015 the Company received net proceeds of $0.1 million for issuing 22,610 common shares related to stock options and warrants being exercised. 

Common Shares Outstanding 
– as of March 23, 2016 

– as of December 31, 2015 

Share purchase options – as of March 23, 2016 
(Weighted average exercise price per share: CDN$7.67)

Managing Risk

716,587,134

716,587,134

32,290,135

This section describes the types of risks we are exposed to and our objectives and policies for managing them (please read the Company’s Annual 
Information Form for additional information).

We monitor risk using our risk management review process. Management prepares a risk assessment report every quarter outlining our operational and 
financial risks. The Board reviews the report to evaluate and assess the risks we are exposed to in various markets, and discusses the steps management 
takes to manage and mitigate them. 

18    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL RISK

Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that we cannot meet our financial obligations. The Company mitigates liquidity risk through the implementation of its capital 
management policy by spreading the maturity dates of investments over time, managing its capital expenditures and operational cash flows, and 
maintaining adequate lines of credit. We use a rigorous planning, budgeting and forecasting process to help determine the funds we will need to support 
our ongoing operations and our expansion plans. Management believes that the working capital at December 31, 2015, together with future cash 
flows from operations and, where appropriate, selected financing sources, is sufficient to support our planned and foreseeable commitments in 2016 
and beyond.

Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that the counterparty to a financial instrument will not meet its obligations and will cause the Company to incur a financial loss. 
The Company limits counterparty risk by entering into business arrangements with high credit-quality counterparties, limiting the amount of exposure to 
each counterparty and monitoring the financial condition of counterparties. For cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable, credit risk is represented 
by the carrying amount on the balance sheet. 

Payment for metal sales is normally in advance or within 15 days of shipment depending on the buyer. The historical level of customer defaults is negligible 
which reduces the credit risk associated with trade receivables at December 31, 2015. 

We invest our cash and cash equivalents in major financial institutions and in government issuances, according to our short-term investment policy. 
The credit risk associated with these investments is considered to be low. 

Currency Risk
We sell gold in US dollars, but our costs are mainly in US dollars, Canadian dollars, Turkish lira, Brazilian real, euros, Romanian lei, and Chinese renminbi. 
An increase in the value of any of these currencies against the US dollar can increase our production costs and capital expenditures, which can affect 
future cash flows. The Company has a risk management policy that includes hedging its foreign exchange exposure to reduce the risk associated with 
currency fluctuations. The Company currently does not have any currency hedges, but may hedge in the future.

The table below shows our assets and liabilities and debt denominated in currencies other than the US dollar at December 31, 2015. We recognized a loss 
of $16.8 million on foreign exchange this year, compared to a loss of $7.2 million in 2014.

(thousands) 

Canadian  Australian 
dollar  

dollar 

Euro 

Turkish 
lira 

Chinese 
renminbi 

Swedish  Romanian  Great British  Brazilian 
real

pound 

krona 

lei 

172 

4,737 

2,165 

357,183 

1,774 

8,014 

244 

21,559

Cash and cash equivalents 

Marketable securities 

Accounts receivable  

and other 

Accounts payable and

4,705 

25,369 

2,261 

– 

1 

– 

– 

– 

6,143 

54,785 

182,288 

accrued liabilities 

(12,111) 

(192) 

(58,596) 

(97,073) 

(434,573) 

Other non-current liabilities 

Debt 

– 

– 

– 

– 

(2,158) 

(11,116) 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

9,212 

(6,027) 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

–

10,255

(3,953)

–

–

Net balance 

20,224 

(19) 

(49,874) 

(51,239) 

104,898 

1,774 

11,199 

244 

27,861

Equivalent in US dollars 

14,614 

(14) 

(54,143) 

(17,622) 

16,155 

210 

2,700 

360 

7,112

Accounts receivable and other current and long-term assets relate to goods and services taxes, income taxes, value-added taxes and insurance receivables. 
Based on the balances at December 31, 2015, a 10% increase/decrease in the exchange rates on that date would have resulted in a decrease/increase of 
approximately $3.1 million in profit before taxes.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    19

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rates determine how much interest we pay on our debt, and how much we earn on our cash and cash equivalents, which can affect future 
cash flows.

All of our debt is in the form of notes with a fixed interest rate of 6.125%. However, borrowings under the ARCA are at variable rates of interest and any 
borrowings would expose the Company to interest rate cost and interest rate risk. In the future we may enter into interest rate swaps that involve the 
exchange of floating for fixed rate interest payments in order to reduce interest rate volatility. 

Price Risk
Our profitability depends on the price of gold, which is affected by many things, including the sale or purchase of gold by central banks and financial 
institutions, interest rates, exchange rates, inflation or deflation, fluctuations in the value of the US dollar and foreign currencies, global and regional 
supply and demand, and the political and economic conditions of the world’s major gold-producing countries. The cost of production, development and 
exploration varies depending on the market prices of certain mining consumables, including diesel fuel and electricity. Electricity is regionally priced in 
Turkey and China and semi-regulated by the federal governments of those countries, which reduces the risk of price fluctuations. The Company currently 
does not have any long-term gold hedges or other commodity hedges, but we may hedge in the future.

Sensitivity Analysis for Key Variables

A change of 

Would change our 
after-tax net earnings by 

Currency values against the US dollar 

Price of gold (based on the expectations and assumptions we used in our 2016 outlook) 

Interest rate on variable interest debt  

Price of diesel fuel 

10%  

10% 

10% 

10% 

(1)  The Company did not have any variable interest debt outstanding at the end of 2015.

OTHER RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

$3.1 million

$49.0 million

N/A (1)

$2.1 million

Exploration and Development
The cost and results of our exploration and development programs affect our profitability and value. The life of a mine is fixed based on its mineral 
reserves, so we actively seek to replace and expand our reserves, mainly through exploration, acquisition and the development of our existing operations. 
Exploring for minerals involves many risks and may not lead to new economically viable mining operations or yield new reserves to replace and expand 
current reserves. Our reserve estimates are based on certain assumptions and affected by the inherent limitations of the estimation process.

Acquiring title to mineral properties is a detailed and time-consuming process. We take steps, in accordance with industry standards, to verify and secure 
legal title to mineral properties that we have, or are seeking, an interest in. Although we take every precaution to ensure that legal title to our properties 
is properly recorded in our name, there can be no assurance we will ultimately secure title on every property. Legal title to our properties depends on the 
laws in the countries we operate in, and their appropriate and consistent application.

Operations
The business of gold mining involves many operational risks and hazards. We work to reduce the risks associated with our projects by setting high 
operational standards, hiring and training appropriately skilled personnel, and making improvements to our operations. We maintain adequate insurance 
to cover normal business risk. We rely on a number of key employees. Our success depends on attracting and retaining qualified personnel in a 
competitive labour environment.

Environment
There may be environmental hazards at our mines or projects that we are unaware of. We may be liable for any associated losses, or be forced to do 
extensive remedial cleanup or pay for governmental remedial cleanup, even if the hazards were caused by previous or existing owners or operators of the 
property, past or present owners of adjacent properties or by natural conditions. The costs of any cleanup could have a material and adverse effect on our 
operations and profitability.

20    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Laws, Regulations and Permits
Our activities are subject to extensive federal, provincial, state and local laws and regulations governing environmental protection and employee health 
and safety. We must obtain government permits and provide associated financial assurance to conduct certain activities. We are also subject to various 
conditions related to reclamation that are imposed under federal, state or provincial air, water quality and mine reclamation rules and permits.

We have budgeted for future capital and operating expenditures to obtain such permits and maintain compliance with these environmental, health and 
safety laws; however, any changes to these laws in the future could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations and 
could delay our ability to obtain such permits.

If these laws are not complied with, we may face injunctions, damages and penalties, or our permits could be suspended or revoked. There is no 
assurance that we have been, or will be, in compliance with environmental, health and safety laws at all times, that our compliance will not be challenged, 
or that the cost of complying with current or future laws will not have a material and adverse effect on our future cash flow, results of operations and 
financial condition.

Litigation
All industries, including the mining industry, are subject to legal claims that are with and without merit. 

We are currently involved in various routine legal and regulatory proceedings. It’s unlikely that the final outcome of these routine proceedings will have a 
material and adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations; however, defense and settlement costs can be substantial, even for claims 
that are without merit. Due to the inherent uncertainty of the litigation process and dealings with regulatory bodies, there is no assurance that any legal 
or regulatory proceeding will be resolved in a manner that will not have a material and adverse effect on our future cash flow, results of operations or 
financial condition.

Political Risk
We operate in five countries outside of North America: Turkey, China, Brazil, Romania and Greece. Our operations in these countries may be subject to 
political, economic and other risks that may affect our future operations and financial position.

We review these and other risks related to the business in foreign countries on an ongoing basis. Such reviews may cause us to re-evaluate and realign our 
business objectives and strategic direction from time to time, including considering suspension of projects or disposition of certain assets.

Other Information 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

We are required to make estimates that affect the amount of assets, liabilities, contingent liabilities, revenue and expenses we report. We have identified 
the following critical accounting policies and estimates. You can find all of our significant accounting policies in note 3 of our 2015 consolidated 
financial statements.

Inventories
We value finished goods (including metal concentrates, doré and iron ore), work-in-process, heap leach ore and stockpiled ore at the average production 
cost or its net realizable value – whichever is lower. 

We consider ore stacked on our leach pads and in process at our mines as work-in-process inventory and record their value in earnings, and include them 
in the cost of sales based on ounces of gold sold, using the following assumptions in our estimates:

■ 
■ 
■ 
■ 
■ 

the amount of gold we estimate is in the ore stacked on the leach pads 
the amount of gold we expect to recover from the stacks
the amount of gold and other metals in the mill circuits
the amount of gold and other metals in concentrates 
the gold and other metal prices we expect to realize when the gold and other metals is sold 

If our estimates or assumptions are inaccurate, we could be required to write down the value we have recorded on our work-in-process inventories, 
which would reduce our earnings and working capital. At December 31, 2015, the average cost of inventory was below its net realizable value.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    21

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015Reserves and Resources
Our estimates for Kişladağ, Efemçukuru, Tanjianshan, Jinfeng, White Mountain, Perama Hill, Tocantinzinho, Eastern Dragon, Skouries, Olympias, Stratoni, 
Certej and Vila Nova are based on the definitions adopted by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, and in compliance with 
Canadian National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (NI 43-101), developed by the Canadian Securities Administrators.

You will not be able to compare the mineral reserve and resources information in this report with similar information from US companies. The United 
States Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) defines a mineral reserve as the part of a mineral deposit that can be economically and legally extracted or 
produced. It does not recognize the terms measured, indicated and inferred mineral resources (mining terms under NI 43-101), and does not accept them 
in reports and registration statements. You should not assume that:

■ 

■ 

■ 

the mineral reserves defined in this report qualify as reserves under SEC standards

the measured and indicated mineral resources in this report will ever be converted to reserves 

the inferred mineral resources in this report are economically mineable, or will ever be upgraded to a higher category 

Value Beyond Proven and Probable Reserves (“VBPP”)
On acquisition of a mineral property, we prepare an estimate of the fair value of the exploration potential of that property and record this amount as an 
asset, called value beyond proven and probable, as at the date of acquisition. As part of our annual business cycle, we prepare estimates of proven and 
probable reserves for each mineral property. The change in reserves, net of production, is used to determine the amount to be converted from VBPP to 
proven and probable reserves subject to amortization.

Property, Plant and Equipment
We depreciate most of our mining properties, plant and equipment using the unit-of-production method, where the value of property is reduced as 
reserves are depleted. We base this on mining rates and our estimates of reserves. If these change, we could be required to write down the recorded value 
of our mining properties, plant and equipment, or to increase the amount of future depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, both of which 
would reduce our earnings and net assets. 

At each reporting period if there are indicators of an impairment of property, plant and equipment, we assess whether there has been impairment. In the 
event of impairment we would be required to write down the recorded value of our mining properties, plant and equipment, which would reduce our 
earnings and net assets. 

For producing properties, we base our assessment on the future net cash flows we expect the property will generate. There may be an impairment if metal 
prices have declined, production costs have increased, or metal recoveries are lower than previously estimated.

For non-producing properties, we base our assessment on whether there are factors that might indicate the need for a write-down. There may be an 
impairment if we believe current economics or permitting issues will prevent us from recovering the costs we have deferred for the property.

Goodwill and Impairment Testing
We account for business combinations using the purchase method of accounting. We record the fair market value of assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed as of the date of acquisition, and record any excess of the purchase price over fair value as goodwill. When the excess is negative it is recognized 
immediately in income. The assumptions underlying fair value estimates are subject to significant risks and uncertainties.

We review and evaluate the carrying amount of goodwill in the fourth quarter of every fiscal year, and when events or changes in circumstances suggest 
that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable. Management is required to make a judgement with respect to which cash generating units (CGUs) 
should be grouped together for goodwill testing purposes, including the assessment of operating segments, the highest level at which goodwill can 
be tested.

To test the recoverability of the carrying amount of goodwill we compare the fair value of our CGUs or operating segments to their carrying amounts. 
Calculating the estimated fair values of these CGUs or operating segments requires management to make estimates and assumptions with respect to 
future production levels, operating and capital costs in our life-of-mine (“LOM”) plans, long-term metal prices, foreign exchange rates and discount 
rates. Changes in any of the assumptions or estimates used in determining the fair values could impact the impairment analysis. If a CGU’s or operating 
segment’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, we compare its carrying value to the implied fair value of its goodwill, and charge the amount the carrying 
value exceeds fair value to operations.

At December 31, 2015, our consolidated balance sheet included $50.3 million in goodwill all pertaining to White Mountain.

22    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015Asset Retirement Obligations
We estimate the mine closure date, the discount rate, the inflation rate and the timing reclamation costs to determine the carrying value of an asset 
retirement obligation.

Income Taxes
We record income taxes using income tax rates we expect to apply in the years we estimate the various temporary differences will be recovered or 
settled. Where the tax laws and regulations are unclear or subject to varying interpretations, these estimates could change, and materially affect the 
amount of income tax liabilities recorded at the balance sheet date.

Pension Plans
We use various actuarial assumptions to estimate our obligations and expenses, including a long-term estimate of the expected rate of return on plan 
assets, the discount rate, the rate of salary escalation and the average remaining service period of active employees expected to receive benefits. 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

Key assumptions – pension plans 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Pension Plan 

Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 

Discount rate – Beginning of year  

Discount rate – End of year  

Rate of salary escalation 

Average remaining service period of active  
employees expected to receive benefits 

SERP

4.0%

4.8%

4.0%

2.5%

4.0% 

4.0% 

4.0% 

2.0% 

4.0% 

4.0% 

4.0% 

2.0% 

4.0% 

4.8% 

4.0% 

2.5% 

8.5 years 

8.5 years 

7.2 years 

7.2 years 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    23

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Upcoming Changes in Accounting Standards

The following standards have been published and are mandatory for Eldorado’s annual accounting periods no earlier than January 1, 2018:

■ 

■ 

■ 

IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” – This standard was published in July 2014 and replaces the existing guidance in IAS 39, ‘Financial Instruments: 
Recognition and Measurement’. IFRS 9 includes revised guidance on the classification and measurement of financial instruments, including a new 
expected credit loss model for calculating impairment on financial assets, and the new general hedge accounting requirements. It also carries forward 
the guidance on recognition and derecognition of financial instruments from IAS 39. IFRS 9 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or 
after January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the extent of the impact of the adoption of this standard.

IFRS 15 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” – This standard contains a single model that applies to contracts with customers and two 
approaches to recognizing revenue: at a point in time or over time. The model features a contract-based five-step analysis of transactions to determine 
whether, how much and when revenue is recognized. New estimates and judgemental thresholds have been introduced, which may affect the amount 
and/or timing of revenue recognized. This standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with early adoption 
permitted. The Company does not expect this standard to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 16 “Leases” – This standard was published in January 2016 and replaces the existing guidance in IAS 17, ‘Leases’. IFRS 16 introduces a single 
accounting model for lessees and for all leases with a term of more than 12 months, unless the underlying asset is of low value. A lessee will be 
required to recognize a right-of-use asset, representing its right to use the underlying asset, and a lease liability, representing its obligation to make 
lease payments. The accounting treatment for lessors will remain largely the same as under IAS 17. IFRS 16 is effective for annual reporting periods 
beginning on or after January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the extent of the impact of the adoption 
of this standard.

There are other new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations that have been published and are not yet effective. The Company believes 
they will have no material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

24    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information is gathered and reported to senior 
management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow for timely decisions about public disclosure.

Management, including the CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as 
at December 31, 2015, as defined in the rules of the US Securities and Exchange Commission and Canadian Securities Administrators. Based on this 
evaluation, they concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that the information required to 
be disclosed in reports we filed or submitted under United States and Canadian securities legislation was recorded, processed, summarized and reported 
within the time periods specified in those rules.

INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management, including the CEO and CFO, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, and used 
the framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013) to evaluate the effectiveness of our controls 
in 2015. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as at December 31, 2015 and 
provided a reasonable assurance of the reliability of our financial reporting and preparation of the financial statements.

No matter how well designed, however, any system of internal control has inherent limitations. Even systems determined to be effective can provide only 
reasonable assurance of the reliability of financial statement preparation and presentation.

KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, and has expressed 
their opinion in their report included with our annual consolidated financial statements in Form 40-F.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2015 that have materially affected, 
or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

QUALIFIED PERSON

Except as otherwise noted, Paul Skayman, P. Eng., the Company’s Chief Operating Officer, is the Qualified Person under NI 43-101 who approved the 
scientific or technical information contained in this MD&A and has verified the technical data disclosed in this document.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    25

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION AND RISKS

This MD&A includes statements and information about what we expect to happen in the future. When we discuss our strategy, plans and future 
financial and operating performance, or other things that have not yet happened in this review, we are making statements considered to be 
forward-looking information or forward-looking statements under Canadian and United States securities laws. We refer to them in this document 
as forward looking information.

Key things to understand about the forward-looking information in this document:

■ 

It typically includes words and phrases about the future, such as: plan, expect, forecast, intend, anticipate, believe, estimate, budget, 
scheduled, may, could, would, might, will, as well as the negative of these words and phrases.

■  Although it represents our current views, which we consider to be reasonable, we can give no assurance that the forward-looking 

■ 

■ 

the changing price of gold and currencies and the impact of any hedging activities 

information will prove to be accurate.
It is based on a number of assumptions, including things like the future price of gold, anticipated costs and spending, and our ability 
to achieve our goals.
It is also subject to the risks associated with our business, including:
■ 
■  actual and estimated production and cost of production
■  discrepancies between actual and estimated mineral reserves and resources
■ 
■ 
■ 
■  acquisition risks 
■  other risks that are set out in our Annual Information Form

the speculative nature of gold exploration
risks associated with mining operations and development
regulatory, title, permitting and licensing risks

If our assumptions prove to be incorrect or the risks materialize, our actual results and events may vary materially from what we currently expect.

Forward-looking information is designed to help you understand management’s current views of our near and longer-term prospects, and it may not 
be appropriate for other purposes. We will not necessarily update this information unless we are required to by securities laws.

The Company’s operations are subject to a number of risks and other uncertainties, including risks related to the Company’s foreign operations, 
government, environmental and other regulations and operating costs. Occurrence of various factors and uncertainties of risk cannot be accurately 
predicted and could cause actual results to differ significantly from our current expectations and result in a material adverse effect on the Company’s 
operations or profitability. A comprehensive discussion of the Company’s risks and uncertainties is set out in our Annual Information Form dated 
March 27, 2015. By this reference we hereby incorporate this discussion as a part of this MD&A. The reader is directed to carefully review this discussion 
for a proper understanding of these risks and uncertainties.

26    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)For the year ended December 31, 2015MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING

The management of Eldorado Gold Corporation is responsible for the integrity and fair presentation of the financial information contained in this annual 
report. Where appropriate, the financial information, including financial statements, reflects amounts based on management’s best estimates and 
judgements. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board. Financial information presented elsewhere in the annual report is consistent with that disclosed in the financial statements.

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Management has established and 
maintains a system of internal accounting control designed to provide reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded from loss or unauthorized use, 
financial information is reliable and accurate and transactions are properly recorded and executed in accordance with management’s authorization. 
This system includes established policies and procedures, the selection and training of qualified personnel and an organization providing for appropriate 
delegation of authority and segregation of responsibilities. Any system of internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well designed, has 
inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement 
preparation and presentation. 

Management has a process in place to evaluate internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment, management has concluded that 
as at December 31, 2015, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective.

The Board of Directors oversees management’s responsibility for financial reporting and internal control systems through an Audit Committee, which 
is composed entirely of independent directors. The Audit Committee meets periodically with management, the Company’s outside advisors and the 
independent auditors to review the scope and results of the annual audit and to review the financial statements and related financial reporting and 
internal control matters before the financial statements are approved by the Board of Directors and submitted to the Company’s shareholders.

KPMG, an independent registered public accounting firm, appointed by the shareholders, has audited the Company’s financial statements in accordance 
with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and has 
expressed their opinion in their report titled “Independent Auditors’ Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm”. The effectiveness of the Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting as at December 31, 2015 has also been audited by KPMG, and their opinion is included in their report titled 
“Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”. 

Paul N . Wright 
President & Chief Executive Officer 

Fabiana E . Chubbs
Chief Financial Officer

March 23, 2016 
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    27

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT OF REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Eldorado Gold Corporation 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Eldorado Gold Corporation, which comprise the consolidated balance sheets as 
at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the consolidated income statements, statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash 
flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2015, and notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and 
other explanatory information.

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to 
enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditors’ Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance 
with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those 
standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the 
consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. 
The procedures selected depend on our judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial 
statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, we consider internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair 
presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. An audit also includes 
evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating 
the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Eldorado Gold 
Corporation as at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for each of 
the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2015, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board.

Other Matter
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Eldorado Gold Corporation’s 
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013), and our report dated March 23, 2016 expressed an unmodified 
(unqualified) opinion on the effectiveness of Eldorado Gold Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.

Chartered Accountants  
Vancouver, Canada

March 23, 2016

28    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Eldorado Gold Corporation

We have audited Eldorado Gold Corporation’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013). 
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness 
of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying report titled “Management’s Responsibility for Financial Reporting”. 
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require 
that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all 
material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness 
exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing 
such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting 
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal 
control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately 
and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as 
necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of 
the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance 
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the 
financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation 
of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on 
criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013).

We also have audited, in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards and the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 and the related consolidated 
income statements, statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended 
December 31, 2015, and our report dated March 23, 2016 expressed an unmodified (unqualified) opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

Chartered Accountants  
Vancouver, Canada

March 23, 2016

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    29

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Expressed in thousands of US dollars)

For the year ended December 31 

Note 

2015 

2014

 288,189  

 4,382  

 248  

18,331  

85,468  

 175,626  

572,244  

 –  

 83,147  

 10,897  

 4,747,759  

 50,276  

5,464,323  

 236,819  

 –  

236,819  

 589,395  

6,166  

 102,636  

 607,871  

 498,514 

 2,800 

 262 

 4,251 

 117,995 

 223,412 

 847,234 

 104 

 43,605 

 12,790 

 5,963,611 

 526,296 

 7,393,640 

 184,712 

 16,343 

 201,055 

 587,201 

 49,194 

 109,069 

 869,207 

1,542,887  

 1,815,726 

 5,319,101  

(10,211) 

47,236  

(20,572) 

(1,583,873) 

3,751,681  

169,755  

3,921,436  

5,464,323  

 5,318,950 

 (12,949)

 38,430 

 (18,127)

 (31,721)

 5,294,583 

 283,331 

 5,577,914 

 7,393,640

6 

7 

8 

17 

10 

16 

11 

12 

13 

14 

14 

15 

17 

18 

Assets

Current assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Term deposits 

Restricted cash  

  Marketable securities  

  Accounts receivable and other 

Inventories 

Deferred income tax assets 

Other assets 

Defined benefit pension plan 

Property, plant and equipment 

Goodwill 

Liabilities & equity 

Current liabilities 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

  Current debt 

Debt 

Other non-current liability 

Asset retirement obligations 

Deferred income tax liabilities 

Equity 

Share capital 

Treasury stock 

  Contributed surplus 

  Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

  Deficit 

Total equity attributable to shareholders of the Company 

Attributable to non-controlling interests 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Approved on behalf of the Board of Directors

John Webster 
Director 

Date of approval: March 23, 2016

30    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

Paul N . Wright 
Director

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

(Expressed in thousands of US dollars except per share amounts)

For the year ended December 31 

Note 

2015 

2014

Revenue

Metal sales 

Cost of sales 

Production costs 

Inventory write-down 

Depreciation and amortization 

Gross profit 

Exploration expenses 

Mine standby costs 

General and administrative expenses 

Defined benefit pension plan expense 

Share-based payments 

26 

16 

19 

Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment and goodwill 

11, 12 

Other write-down of assets 

Foreign exchange loss 

Operating profit (loss) 

Loss on disposal of assets 

Loss on marketable securities and other investments 

Loss on investments in associates 

Other income 

Asset retirement obligation accretion 

Interest and financing costs 

Profit (loss) before income tax 

Income tax expense (recovery) 

Profit (loss) for the year 

Attributable to:

Shareholders of the Company 

Non-controlling interests 

Profit (loss) for the year 

15 

27 

17 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (thousands) 

28 

Basic 

Diluted 

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the Company: 

Basic earnings (loss) per share  

Diluted earnings (loss) per share 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 863,292  

 1,067,899 

 469,818  

12,024  

178,978  

660,820  

202,472  

17,853  

10,244  

56,191  

 1,670  

 15,877  

 1,881,665  

16,451  

16,794  

(1,814,273) 

159  

–  

–  

(5,661) 

 2,411  

 18,328  

(1,829,510) 

 (184,368) 

(1,645,142) 

(1,540,895) 

(104,247) 

(1,645,142) 

716,586 

716,590 

(2.15) 

(2.15) 

 508,280 

 13,469 

 177,227 

 698,976 

 368,923 

 16,230 

 – 

 68,196 

 1,620 

 18,775 

 – 

 3,001 

 7,176 

 253,925 

 1,926 

 2,415 

 102 

 (9,436)

 2,326 

 28,779 

 227,813 

 121,269 

 106,544 

 102,607 

 3,937 

 106,544 

716,288

716,300

 0.14 

 0.14 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Expressed in thousands of US dollars)

For the year ended December 31 

Note 

Profit (loss) for the year 

Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets 

Realized gains on disposal of available-for-sale financial assets  

Actuarial gains on severance obligation 

Actuarial losses on defined benefit pension plans 

16 

Total other comprehensive loss for the year 

2015 

(1,645,142) 

(2,232) 

–  

642  

 (855) 

(2,445) 

2014

 106,544 

 (2,353)

 1,878 

 – 

 (596)

 (1,071)

Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year 

(1,647,587) 

 105,473 

Attributable to: 

Shareholders of the Company 

Non-controlling interests 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

(1,543,340) 

 (104,247) 

 (1,647,587) 

 101,536 

 3,937 

 105,473 

32    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Expressed in thousands of US dollars)

For the year ended December 31 

Note 

2015 

2014

Cash flows generated from (used in): 

Operating activities 

Profit (loss) for the year 

Items not affecting cash: 

Asset retirement obligation accretion 

Depreciation and amortization 

Unrealized foreign exchange loss 

Deferred income tax expense (recovery) 

Loss on disposal of assets 

Loss on investment in associates 

Other write-down of assets 

Impairment loss on property, plant and equipment and goodwill 

Loss on marketable securities and other investments 

Share-based payments 

Defined benefit pension plan expense 

Property reclamation payments 

Changes in non-cash working capital 

Investing activities 

Net cash paid on acquisition of subsidiary 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment 

Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment 

Proceeds on production of tailings retreatment 

Purchase of marketable securities 

Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities 

Redemption of (investment in) term deposits 

Decrease (increase) in restricted cash 

Financing activities 

Issuance of common shares for cash 

Proceeds from contributions from non-controlling interest 

Dividend paid to shareholders 

Dividend paid to non-controlling interests 

Purchase of treasury stock 

Long-term and bank debt proceeds 

Long-term and bank debt repayments 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents – Beginning of year 

20 

5(a) 

(1,645,142) 

2,411  

178,978  

2,250  

(261,232) 

159  

 –  

16,451  

1,881,665  

 –  

15,877  

1,670  

 193,087  

(722) 

 29,393  

 221,758  

 –  

(396,027) 

3,481  

17,918  

(16,312) 

 –  

(1,582) 

(345) 

 (392,867) 

121  

1,600  

(11,257) 

(10,929) 

(2,394) 

 8,171  

(24,528) 

 (39,216) 

(210,325) 

498,514  

 106,544 

 2,326 

 177,227 

 1,154 

 27,795 

 1,926 

 102 

 3,001 

 – 

 2,415 

 18,775 

 1,620 

 342,885 

 (3,038)

 (56,502)

 283,345 

 (30,318)

 (410,690)

 147 

 26,599 

 (3,313)

 1,521 

 31,902 

 31 

 (384,121)

 1,996 

 40,000 

 (13,010)

 (12,466)

 (6,413)

 32,625 

 (32,622)

 10,110 

 (90,666)

 589,180 

Cash and cash equivalents – End of year 

 288,189  

 498,514

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Expressed in thousands of US dollars)

For the year ended December 31 

Note 

2015 

2014

Share capital  

Balance – Beginning of year 

Shares issued upon exercise of share options, for cash 

Transfer of contributed surplus on exercise of options 

Transfer of contributed surplus on exercise of deferred phantom units   

 5,318,950  

5,314,589 

 121  

 30  

 –  

1,996 

2,141 

224 

Balance – End of year 

 5,319,101  

5,318,950 

Treasury stock 

Balance – Beginning of year 

Purchase of treasury stock 

Shares redeemed upon exercise of restricted share units 

Balance – End of year 

Contributed surplus 

Balance – Beginning of year 

Share-based payments 

Shares redeemed upon exercise of restricted share units 

Recognition of other non-current liability and related costs 

Transfer to share capital on exercise of options and deferred phantom units 

Balance – End of year 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

Balance – Beginning of year 

  Other comprehensive loss for the year 

Balance – End of year 

Deficit 

Balance – Beginning of year 

  Dividends paid 

Profit (loss) attributable to shareholders of the Company 

Balance – End of year 

Total equity attributable to shareholders of the Company 

Non-controlling interests 

Balance – Beginning of year 

Profit (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests 

  Dividends declared to non-controlling interests 

Increase during the period 

Balance – End of year 

 (12,949) 

 (2,394) 

 5,132  

 (10,211) 

 38,430  

 16,258  

 (5,132) 

 (2,290) 

 (30) 

 47,236  

 (18,127) 

 (2,445) 

 (20,572) 

 (31,721) 

 (11,257) 

 (1,540,895) 

 (1,583,873) 

 3,751,681  

 283,331  

 (104,247) 

 (10,929) 

 1,600  

 169,755  

(10,953)

(6,413)

4,417 

(12,949)

78,557 

18,503 

(4,417)

(51,848)

 (2,365)

38,430 

(17,056)

(1,071)

(18,127)

(121,318)

(13,010)

102,607 

(31,721)

5,294,583 

251,045 

3,937 

(11,651)

40,000 

283,331 

Total equity 

 3,921,436  

5,577,914 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

34    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Expressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated)

1 .  General Information 

Eldorado Gold Corporation (“Eldorado” or the “Company”) is a gold exploration, development and mining company. The Company has operations and 
ongoing exploration and development projects in Turkey, China, Greece, Brazil and Romania. The Company acquired Glory Resources Ltd. (“Glory”) in 
March 2014. Glory has the Sapes project in Thrace, Greece.

Eldorado is a public company which is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange and is incorporated and domiciled in Canada.

2 .  Basis of Preparation

These consolidated financial statements, including comparatives, have been prepared using accounting policies in compliance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). 

Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on March 23, 2016.

UPCOMING CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

The following standards have been published and are mandatory for Eldorado’s annual accounting periods no earlier than January 1, 2018:

■ 

■ 

■ 

IFRS 9 ‘Financial Instruments’ – This standard was published in July 2014 and replaces the existing guidance in IAS 39, ‘Financial Instruments: 
Recognition and Measurement’. IFRS 9 includes revised guidance on the classification and measurement of financial instruments, including a new 
expected credit loss model for calculating impairment on financial assets, and the new general hedge accounting requirements. It also carries forward 
the guidance on recognition and derecognition of financial instruments from IAS 39. IFRS 9 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or 
after January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the extent of the impact of the adoption of this standard.

IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’ – This standard contains a single model that applies to contracts with customers and two approaches 
to recognizing revenue: at a point in time or over time. The model features a contract-based five-step analysis of transactions to determine whether, 
how much and when revenue is recognized. New estimates and judgemental thresholds have been introduced, which may affect the amount  
and/or timing of revenue recognized. This standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with early 
adoption permitted. The Company does not expect this standard to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ – This standard was published in January 2016 and replaces the existing guidance in IAS 17, ‘Leases’. IFRS 16 introduces a single 
accounting model for lessees and for all leases with a term of more than 12 months, unless the underlying asset is of low value. A lessee will be 
required to recognize a right-of-use asset, representing its right to use the underlying asset, and a lease liability, representing its obligation to make 
lease payments. The accounting treatment for lessors will remain largely the same as under IAS 17. IFRS 16 is effective for annual reporting periods 
beginning on or after January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the extent of the impact of the adoption 
of this standard.

There are other new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations that have been published and are not yet effective. The Company believes 
they will have no material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    35

3 .  Significant Accounting Policies

The principal accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all years presented in these consolidated financial statements, 
and have been applied consistently by all Eldorado entities. 

3 .1  BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

(i)  Subsidiaries and Business Combinations

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by Eldorado. Control exists when Eldorado is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement 
with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. In assessing control, potential voting rights that currently 
are exercisable are taken into account. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date 
that control commences until the date that control ceases. 

The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for business acquisitions. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the fair value of the 
assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of exchange. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and 
contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of 
any non-controlling interest.

The excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of Eldorado’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If the cost 
of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets acquired, the difference, or gain is recognized directly in the income statement.

Transaction costs, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, which the Company incurs in connection with a business 
combination, are expensed as incurred.

The most significant wholly-owned and partially-owned subsidiaries of Eldorado, are presented below:

Subsidiary 
projects owned

Location 

Ownership interest 

Status 

Operations and development 

Tüprag Metal Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret AS (“Tüprag”)  Turkey 

100% 

Consolidated 

Kişladağ Mine

Efemçukuru Mine

Qinghai Dachaidan Mining Ltd. (“QDML”) 

Sino Guizhou Jinfeng Mining Ltd. (“Jinfeng”) 

Sino Gold Jilin BMZ Mining Ltd. 

Heihe Rockmining Ltd. (“Eastern Dragon”) 

Hellas Gold SA (“Hellas”) 

Olympias Project

Skouries Project

Thracean Gold Mining SA 

Glory Resources Ltd. 

Unamgen Mineração e Metalurgia S/A  

Brazauro Resources Corporation (“Brazauro”) 

Deva Gold SA (“Deva”) 

China 

China 

China 

China 

Greece 

Greece 

Greece 

Brazil 

Brazil 

Romania 

90% 

82% 

95% 

75% 

95% 

Consolidated 

Consolidated 

Consolidated 

Consolidated 

Consolidated 

TJS Mine

Jinfeng Mine

White Mountain Mine

Eastern Dragon Project

Stratoni Mine

100% 

Consolidated 

100% 

Consolidated 

100% 

Consolidated 

100% 

Consolidated 

81% 

Consolidated 

Perama Hill Project

Sapes Project

Vila Nova Iron Ore Mine

Tocantinzinho Project

Certej Project

(ii) 

Investments in Associates (Equity Accounted for Investees)
Associates are those entities where Eldorado has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the financial and operating policies. 
Significant influence is presumed to exist when the Company holds between 20% and 50% of the voting power of another entity. 

Associates are accounted for using the equity method (equity accounted investees) and are recognized initially at cost. The consolidated financial 
statements include Eldorado’s share of the income and expenses and equity movements of equity accounted investees, after adjustments to align the 
accounting policies with those of Eldorado, from the date that significant influence commences until the date that significant influence ceases. 

36    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

When the Company’s share of losses exceeds its interest in an equity accounted investee, the carrying amount of that interest (including any long-
term investments) is reduced to nil and the recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent that the Company has an obligation to 
make, or has made, payments on behalf of the investee.

At each balance sheet date, each investment in associates is assessed for indicators of impairment.

(iii)   Transactions with Non-Controlling Interests

For purchases from non-controlling interests, the difference between any consideration paid and the relevant share of the carrying value of net assets 
of the subsidiary acquired is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity.

Eldorado treats transactions in the ordinary course of business with non-controlling interests as transactions with third parties.

(iv)  Transactions Eliminated on Consolidation 

Intra-company and intercompany balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and expenses arising from all such transactions, are 
eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. 

3 .2  FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION

(i)   Functional and Presentation Currency

Items included in the financial statements of each of Eldorado’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment 
in which the entity operates (the functional currency). The consolidated financial statements are presented in US dollars, which is the Company’s 
functional and presentation currency, as well as the functional currency of all significant subsidiaries.

(ii)   Transactions and Balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. 
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are translated to the functional currency at the exchange rate 
at that date. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions, and from the translation of monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, are recognized in the income statement. 

3 .3  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

(i)  Cost and Valuation

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and any impairment in value. When an asset is disposed of, 
it is derecognized and the difference between its carrying value and net sales proceeds is recognized as a gain or loss in the income statement.

(ii)  Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment include expenditures incurred on properties under development, significant payments related to the acquisition of 
land and mineral rights and property, plant and equipment which are recorded at cost on initial acquisition. Cost includes the purchase price and the 
directly attributable costs of acquisition or construction required to bring an asset to the location and condition necessary for the asset to be capable 
of operating in the manner intended by management. 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    37

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

(iii)  Depreciation

Mine development costs, property, plant and equipment and other mining assets whose estimated useful life is the same as the remaining life of the 
mine are depreciated, depleted and amortized over a mine’s estimated life using the units-of-production method calculated based on proven and 
probable reserves. 

Capitalized development costs related to a multi-pit operation are amortized on a pit-by-pit basis over the pit’s estimated life using the units-of-
production method calculated based on proven and probable reserves related to each pit.

Property, plant and equipment and other assets whose estimated useful lives are less than the remaining life of the mine are depreciated on a 
straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the assets.

Where components of an asset have a different useful life and cost that is significant to the total cost of the asset, depreciation is calculated on each 
separate component.

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at the end of each year and adjusted if appropriate.

(iv)  Subsequent Costs

Expenditure on major maintenance or repairs includes the cost of replacement parts of assets and overhaul costs. Where an asset or part of an asset 
is replaced and it is probable that further future economic benefit will flow to the Company, the expenditure is capitalized. Similarly, overhaul costs 
associated with major maintenance are capitalized when it is probable that future economic benefit will flow to the Company and any remaining 
costs of previous overhauls relating to the same asset are derecognized. All other expenditures are expensed as incurred.

(v)  Deferred Stripping Costs

Stripping costs incurred during the production phase of a mine are considered production costs and included in the cost of inventory produced 
during the period in which the stripping costs are incurred, unless the stripping activity can be shown to be a betterment of the mineral property, 
in which case the stripping costs are capitalized. Betterment occurs when stripping activity increases future output of the mine by providing access 
to additional reserves. Stripping costs incurred to prepare the ore body for extraction are capitalized as mine development costs (pre-stripping). 
Capitalized stripping costs are amortized on a unit-of-production basis over the proven and probable reserves to which they relate.

(vi)  Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs are expensed as incurred except where they are directly attributable to the financing of construction or development of qualifying 
assets requiring a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended future use. Interest is capitalized up to the date when substantially all the 
activities necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use are complete. 

Investment income arising on the temporary investment of proceeds from borrowings is offset against borrowing costs being capitalized.

(vii)  Mine Standby and Restructuring Costs

Mine standby costs and costs related to restructuring a mining operation are charged directly to expense in the period incurred. Mine standby costs 
include labour, maintenance and mine support costs during temporary shutdowns of a mine. 

3 .4  EXPLORATION, EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES

(i)   Exploration

Exploration expenditures reflect the costs related to the initial search for mineral deposits with economic potential or obtaining more information 
about existing mineral deposits. Exploration expenditures typically include costs associated with the acquisition of mineral licences, prospecting, 
sampling, mapping, diamond drilling and other work involved in searching for ore. All expenditures relating to exploration activities are expensed as 
incurred except for the costs associated with the acquisition of mineral licences which are capitalized.

38    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

(ii)   Evaluation

Evaluation expenditures reflect costs incurred at projects related to establishing the technical and commercial viability of mineral deposits identified 
through exploration or acquired through a business combination or asset acquisition.

Evaluation expenditures include the cost of:

a)  establishing the volume and grade of deposits through drilling of core samples, trenching and sampling activities in an ore body that is classified 

as either a mineral resource or a proven and probable reserve;

b)  determining the optimal methods of extraction and metallurgical and treatment processes; 
c)  studies related to surveying, transportation and infrastructure requirements;
d)  permitting activities; and
e)  economic evaluations to determine whether development of the mineralized material is commercially justified, including scoping, prefeasibility 

and final feasibility studies.

Evaluation expenditures are capitalized if management determines that there is evidence to support probability of generating positive economic 
returns in the future. A mineral resource is considered to have economic potential when it is expected the technical feasibility and commercial viability 
of extraction of the mineral resource is demonstrable considering long-term metal prices. Therefore, prior to capitalizing such costs, management 
determines that the following conditions have been met:

■  There is a probable future benefit that will contribute to future cash inflows;

■  The Company can obtain the benefit and control access to it; and

■  The transaction or event giving rise to the benefit has already occurred.

The evaluation phase is complete once technical feasibility of the extraction of the mineral deposit has been determined through preparation of a 
reserve and resource statement, including a mining plan as well as receipt of required permits and approval of the Board of Directors to proceed with 
development of the mine. 

(iii)   Development

Development expenditures are those that are incurred during the phase of preparing a mineral deposit for extraction and processing. These include 
pre-stripping costs and underground development costs to gain access to the ore that is suitable for sustaining commercial mining, preparing land, 
construction of plant, equipment and buildings and costs of commissioning the mine and mill.

Expenditures incurred on development projects continue to be capitalized until the mine and mill moves into the production stage. The Company 
assesses each mine construction project to determine when a mine moves into production stage. The criteria used to assess the start date are 
determined based on the nature of each mine construction project, such as the complexity of a plant or its location. Various relevant criteria are 
considered to assess when the mine is substantially complete and ready for its intended use and moved into the production stage. Some of the 
criteria considered would include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) the level of capital expenditures compared to construction cost estimates; 
(2) the completion of a reasonable period of testing of mine plant and equipment; (3) the ability to produce minerals in saleable form (within 
specification); and (4) the ability to sustain ongoing production of minerals.

Alternatively, if the factors that impact the technical feasibility and commercial viability of a project change and no longer support the probability of 
generating positive economic returns in the future, expenditures will no longer be capitalized.

3 .5  GOODWILL 

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of Eldorado’s share of the net assets of the acquired business at the 
date of acquisition. When the excess is negative (negative goodwill), it is recognized immediately in income. Goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries 
and businesses is shown separately as goodwill in the financial statements. Goodwill on acquisition of associates is included in investments in 
significantly influenced companies and tested for impairment as part of the overall investment.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    39

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Goodwill is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses and tested annually for impairment. Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed. 
The impairment testing is performed annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it may be impaired.

Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units for the purpose of impairment testing. The allocation is made to those cash generating units 
or groups of cash generating units (“CGUs”) that are expected to benefit from the business combination in which the goodwill arose. 
If the composition of one or more cash generating units to which goodwill has been allocated changes due to a re-organization, the goodwill  
is re-allocated to the units affected.

The gain or loss on disposal of an entity includes the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold.

3 .6  IMPAIRMENT OF NON-FINANCIAL ASSETS

Other long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be 
recoverable. An impairment test is performed when the impairment indicators demonstrate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, and it 
is reviewed at least annually.

An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is 
the higher of an asset’s fair value less cost to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels 
for which there are separately identifiable cash flows or CGUs. 

Value in use is determined as the present value of the future cash flows expected to be derived from an asset or CGU based on the detailed mine 
and/or production plans. The estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current 
market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. 

Fair value less cost to sell is the amount obtainable from the sale of an asset or CGU in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable, willing 
parties, less the costs of disposal. For mining assets, fair value less cost to sell is often estimated using a discounted cash flow approach because a 
fair value is not readily available from an active market or binding sale agreement. Estimated future cash flows are calculated using estimated future 
prices, mineral reserves and resources, operating and capital costs. All assumptions used are those that an independent market participant would 
consider appropriate. Non-financial assets other than goodwill impaired in prior periods are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment when 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that an item is no longer impaired.

3 .7  FINANCIAL ASSETS

(i)   Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following categories: at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables, and available-for-sale. 
The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets were acquired. Management determines the classification of its financial 
assets at initial recognition.

(a) Financial Assets at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are financial assets held for trading. A financial asset is classified in this category if acquired 
principally for the purpose of selling in the short term. Derivatives are also categorized as held for trading unless they are designated as hedges. 

(b) Loans and Receivables
Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are 
included in current assets, except for those with maturities of greater than 12 months after the end of the reporting period, which are classified as 
non-current assets. Eldorado’s loans and receivables comprise cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and other, and other 
assets in the balance sheet.

40    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

(c) Available-for-sale Financial Assets
Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivative financial assets that are either designated in this category or not classified in any of the other 
categories. They are included in non-current assets unless the investment matures or management intends to dispose of it within 12 months of the 
end of the reporting period. Eldorado’s available-for-sale financial assets comprise marketable securities not held for the purpose of trading.

(ii)   Recognition and Measurement

Financial assets are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss. 
Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognized at fair value, and transaction costs are expensed in the income 
statement. Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the investments have expired or have been transferred and 
the Company has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. 

Available-for-sale financial assets and financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are subsequently carried at fair value. Loans and receivables 
are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of the ‘financial assets at fair value through profit or loss’ category are presented in the income 
statement within ‘Gain or loss on marketable securities’ in the period in which they arise. Dividend income from ‘financial assets at fair value through 
profit or loss’ is recognized in the income statement as part of other income when Eldorado’s right to receive payments is established.

Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of available-for-sale financial assets are recognized in other comprehensive income and 
presented within equity. When marketable securities classified as available-for-sale are sold or impaired, the accumulated fair value adjustments 
recognized in other comprehensive income are included in the income statement as ‘Gain or loss on marketable securities’.

(iii)  Impairment of Financial Assets

The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or group of financial assets is 
impaired. A financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired and impairment losses are incurred only if there is objective evidence of impairment 
as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (a ‘loss event’) and that loss event (or events) has an impact 
on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated.

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortized cost is calculated as the difference between its carrying amount, and the 
present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate. An impairment loss in respect of an available-
for-sale financial asset is calculated by reference to its fair value. In the case of equity instruments classified as available-for-sale, a significant or 
prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is also evidence that the assets are impaired. If any such evidence exists for available-
for-sale financial assets, the cumulative loss – measured as the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment 
loss on that financial asset that was previously recognized in profit or loss – is removed from equity and recognized in the income statement.

All impairment losses are recognized in profit or loss. Any cumulative loss in respect of an available-for-sale financial asset recognized previously 
in equity is transferred to profit or loss. An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related objectively to an event occurring after the 
impairment loss was recognized. Impairment losses recognized for equity securities are not reversed.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    41

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

3 .8 DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Derivatives are recognized initially at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivatives are 
measured at fair value, and changes in fair value thereafter are recognized in profit and loss. Fair values for derivative instruments are determined 
using valuation techniques, using assumptions based on market conditions existing at the balance sheet date. Derivatives are not accounted for using 
hedge accounting.

3 .9  INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location and condition are 
accounted for as follows:

i)  Product inventory consists of stockpiled ore, ore on leach pads, crushed ore, in-circuit material at properties with milling or processing operations, 
gold concentrate, other metal concentrate, iron ore stockpile awaiting shipment, doré awaiting refinement and unsold bullion. Product inventory 
costs consist of direct production costs including mining, crushing and processing; site administration costs; and allocated indirect costs, including 
depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment. 

Inventory costs are charged to production costs on the basis of quantity of metal sold. The Company regularly evaluates and refines estimates 
used in determining the costs charged to production costs and costs absorbed into inventory carrying values based upon actual gold recoveries 
and operating plans. 

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses.

ii)  Materials and supplies inventory consists of consumables used in operations, such as fuel, chemicals, reagents and spare parts, which are valued 
at the lower of average cost and net realizable value and, where appropriate, less a provision for obsolescence. Costs include acquisition, freight 
and other directly attributable costs.

3 .10 TRADE RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for bullion, doré, gold concentrate, other metal concentrates and iron ore sold in the ordinary 
course of business. 

Trade receivables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less a 
provision for impairment where neccesary.

3 .11  CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with maturities at 
the date of acquisition of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities on the 
balance sheet.

3 .12  SHARE CAPITAL

Common shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of common shares and share options are recognized as 
a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects. Common shares held by the Company are classified as treasury stock and recorded as a reduction 
of shareholders’ equity.

3 .13 TRADE PAYABLES

Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Accounts 
payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the business if longer). 
If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities.

Trade payables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

42    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

3 .14 DEBT AND BORROWINGS

Borrowings are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently carried at amortized cost, calculated 
using the effective interest method. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the 
income statement over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities and other borrowings are recognized as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable 
that some or all of the facility and other borrowings will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw-down occurs. To the extent 
there is no evidence that it is probable that some or all of the facility and borrowings will be drawn down, the fee is capitalized as a pre-payment for 
liquidity services and amortized over the period of the loan to which it relates.

3 .15 CURRENT AND DEFERRED INCOME TAX

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in the income statement except to the extent that it relates 
to items recognized either in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case it is recognized in other comprehensive income or in 
equity, respectively.

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, 
and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. Taxes on income in the interim periods are accrued using the tax rate that would be 
applicable to expected total annual earnings. The tax rate used is the rate that is substantively enacted.

Deferred income tax is recognized, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their 
carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an 
asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or 
loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are 
expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled.

A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary difference 
can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax 
benefit will be realized.

3 .16 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(i)   Defined Benefit Plans

Certain employees have entitlements under Company pension plans, which are defined benefit pension plans. For defined benefit plans, the level of 
benefit provided is based on the length of service and earnings of the person entitled.

The cost of the defined benefit plan is determined using the projected unit credit method. The related pension liability recognized in the consolidated 
balance sheet is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets.

The Company obtains actuarial valuations for defined benefit plans for each balance sheet date. Actuarial assumptions used in the determination of 
defined benefit pension plan liabilities are based on best estimates, including rate of salary escalation and expected retirement dates of employees. 
The discount rate is based on high-quality bond yields, as per IAS 19. The assumption used to determine the interest income on plan assets is equal 
to the discount rate, as per IAS 19. 

Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in full in the period in which they occur in other comprehensive income, without recycling to the statement 
of income in subsequent periods. Current service cost, the vested element of any past service cost, the interest income on plan assets and the interest 
arising on the pension liability are included in the same line items in the statement of income as the related compensation cost.

Past service costs are recognized immediately to the extent the benefits are vested, and otherwise are amortized on a straight-line basis over the 
average period until the benefits become vested.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    43

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

(ii)   Termination Benefits

Eldorado recognizes termination benefits when it is demonstrably committed to either terminating the employment of current employees according 
to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal, or providing benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary termination. 
Benefits falling due more than 12 months after the end of the reporting period are discounted to their present value.

(iii)  Short-Term Benefits

Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is 
recognized for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonus or profit-sharing plans if Eldorado has a present legal or constructive 
obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

3 .17  SHARE-BASED PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS

The Company applies the fair value method of accounting for all stock option awards and equity-settled restricted share units and performance share 
units. Under this method the Company recognizes a compensation expense for all stock options awarded to employees, based on the fair value 
of the options on the date of grant which is determined by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. For equity-settled restricted share units, 
compensation expense is recognized based on the quoted market value of the shares. For equity-settled performance share units, compensation 
expense is recognized based on the fair value of the shares on the date of grant which is determined by a valuator.

The fair value of the options, restricted share units and performance share units are expensed over the vesting period of the awards with a 
corresponding increase in equity. No expense is recognized for awards that do not ultimately vest. Deferred share units are liability awards recorded 
at the quoted market price at the grant date. The corresponding liability is marked to market at each reporting date.

3 .18 PROVISIONS

A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and 
it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. They are determined by discounting the expected future 
cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

(i)   Rehabilitation and Restoration

Provision is made for mine rehabilitation and restoration when an obligation is incurred. The provision is recognized as a liability with a corresponding 
asset recognized in relation to the mine site. At each reporting date the rehabilitation liability is re-measured in line with changes in discount rates, 
and timing or amount of the costs to be incurred. The rehabilitation liability is classified as an ‘Asset retirement obligation’ on the balance sheet.

The provision recognized represents management’s best estimate of the present value of the future costs required. Significant estimates and 
assumptions are made in determining the amount of restoration and rehabilitation provisions. Those estimates and assumptions deal with 
uncertainties such as: requirements of the relevant legal and regulatory frameworks, the magnitude of necessary remediation activities, and the 
timing, extent and costs of required restoration and rehabilitation activity.

These uncertainties may result in future actual expenditure differing from the amounts currently provided. The provision recognized is periodically 
reviewed and updated based on the facts and circumstances available at the time. Changes to the estimated future costs for operating sites are 
recognized in the balance sheet by adjusting both the restoration and rehabilitation asset and provision. Such changes give rise to a change in future 
depreciation and financial charges.

44    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated3 .   Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

3 .19 REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue from the sale of bullion, doré, gold concentrate, other metal concentrates and iron ore is recognized when persuasive evidence of an 
arrangement exists, the bullion, doré, metal concentrates and iron ore has been shipped, title has passed to the purchaser, the price is fixed or 
determinable, and collection is reasonably assured. Revenues realized from sales of pre-commercial production are recorded as a reduction of 
property plant and equipment. 

Our metal concentrates are sold under pricing arrangements where final metal prices are determined by market prices subsequent to the date of 
shipment. Provisional revenue is recorded at date of shipment based on metal prices at that time. Adjustments are made to the provisional revenue 
in subsequent periods based on fluctuations in the market prices until date of final metal pricing. Consequently, at each reporting period the 
receivable balances relating to sales of concentrates change with the fluctuations in market prices. 

3 .20 FINANCE INCOME AND EXPENSES

Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested (including available-for-sale financial assets), gains on the disposal of available-for-sale 
financial assets and changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. Interest income is recognized as it accrues in profit 
or loss, using the effective interest method. 

Finance expenses comprise interest expense on borrowings, unwinding of the discount on provisions, changes in the fair value of financial assets at 
fair value through profit or loss, and impairment losses recognized on financial assets. All borrowing costs are recognized in profit or loss using the 
effective interest method, except for those amounts capitalized as part of the cost of qualifying property, plant and equipment.

3 .21 EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

Eldorado presents basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data for its common shares. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit or loss 
attributable to common shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted 
EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to common shareholders and the weighted average number of common shares 
outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares, which comprise warrants and share options granted to employees.

4 .  Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that 
affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from 
these estimates. 

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed at each period end. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which 
the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates include assumptions and estimates relating to determining defined proven and probable 
reserves, value beyond proven and probable reserves, fair values for purposes of purchase price allocations for business acquisitions, asset impairment 
analyses, asset retirement obligations, share-based payments and warrants, pension benefits, valuation of deferred income tax assets, the provision 
for income tax liabilities, deferred income taxes, and assessing and evaluating contingencies. 

Actual results could differ from these estimates. Outlined below are some of the areas which require management to make significant estimates 
and assumptions in determining carrying values. 

PURCHASE PRICE ALLOCATION

Business combinations require estimates to be made at the date of acquisition in relation to determining asset and liability fair values and the 
allocation of the purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    45

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
4 .   Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements (continued)

In respect of mining company acquisitions, purchase consideration is typically allocated to the mineral reserves and resources being acquired. 
The estimate of reserves and resources is subject to assumptions relating to life of the mine and may change when new information becomes 
available. Changes in reserves and resources as a result of factors such as production costs, recovery rates, grade or reserves or commodity 
prices could impact depreciation rates, asset carrying values and environmental and restoration provisions. Changes in assumptions over long-
term commodity prices, market demand and supply, and economic and regulatory climates could also impact the carrying value of assets, 
including goodwill.

ESTIMATED RECOVERABLE RESERVES AND RESOURCES

Mineral reserve and resource estimates are based on various assumptions relating to operating matters, including, with respect to production costs, 
mining and processing recoveries, cut-off grades, as well as assumptions relating to long-term commodity prices and, in some cases, exchange rates, 
inflation rates and capital costs. Cost estimates are based on feasibility study estimates or operating history. Estimates are prepared by appropriately 
qualified persons, but will be impacted by forecasted commodity prices, inflation rates, exchange rates, capital and production costs and recoveries, 
amongst other factors. Estimated recoverable reserves and resources are used to determine the depreciation of property, plant and equipment at 
operating mine sites, in accounting for deferred stripping costs, in performing impairment testing and for forecasting the timing of the payment 
of decommissioning and restoration costs. Therefore, changes in the assumptions used could impact the carrying value of assets, depreciation and 
impairment charges recorded in the income statement and the carrying value of the decommissioning and restoration provision.

CURRENT AND DEFERRED TAXES

The Company calculates current and deferred tax provisions for each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. Actual amounts of income tax expense 
are not final until tax returns are filed and accepted by the relevant authorities. This occurs subsequent to the issuance of financial statements. 
Therefore, profit in subsequent periods will be affected by the amount that estimates differ from the final tax returns.

Estimates of recoverability are required in assessing whether deferred tax assets and certain deferred tax liabilities are recognized on the balance 
sheet. The Company also evaluates the recoverability of deferred tax assets based on an assessment of the ability to use the underlying future tax 
deductions before they expire against future taxable income. Deferred tax liabilities arising from temporary differences on investments in subsidiaries, 
joint ventures and associates are recognized unless the reversal of the temporary differences is not expected to occur in the foreseeable future and 
can be controlled. 

Assumptions about the generation of future taxable profits and repatriation of retained earnings depend on management’s estimates of future 
production and sales volumes, commodity prices, reserves, operating costs, decommissioning and restoration costs, capital expenditures, dividends 
and other capital management transactions. 

Judgement is also required in the application of income tax legislation. These estimates and judgements are subject to risk and uncertainty and could 
result in an adjustment to current and deferred tax provisions and a corresponding credit or debit to profit.

IMPAIRMENT OF NON-CURRENT ASSETS AND GOODWILL

Non-current assets are tested for impairment when events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may not be fully 
recoverable. We conduct an annual test for impairment of goodwill in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year and at any other time of the year if an 
indicator of impairment is identified. 

Calculating the estimated fair values of CGUs for non-current asset impairment tests and CGUs or groups of CGUs for goodwill impairment tests 
requires management to make estimates and assumptions with respect to future production levels, operating and capital costs in our life-of-
mine (“LOM”) plans, long-term metal prices, foreign exchange rates and discount rates. Changes in any of the assumptions or estimates used in 
determining the fair values could impact the impairment analysis. 

Management is also required to make judgements with respect to the level at which goodwill is tested for impairment. Judgements include an 
assessment of whether CGUs should be grouped together for goodwill testing purposes at a level not larger than an operating segment or tested at 
the individual CGU level.

46    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
5 .  Acquisitions and Other Transactions

A)  ACQUISITION OF GLORY

In March 2014, Eldorado completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding common shares of Glory that it did not already own. 
As a result, Eldorado acquired a 100% interest in the Sapes project in Thrace, Greece. Prior to the transaction, Eldorado owned 19.9% interest 
in Glory and the investment was accounted for as an investment in associate.

Total consideration of $39,219 included cash for 179,504,179 shares in the amount of $27,583, an option buy-out payment of $1,590 to holders of 
Glory options, and $10,046 related to the 44,595,920 shares of Glory that Eldorado had purchased prior to the off-market takeover bid. A total of 
$1,229 was incurred as transaction costs and was capitalized as property, plant and equipment.

This transaction has been accounted for as an acquisition of assets and liabilities as Glory did not constitute a business, as defined in IFRS 3. 
Other than a small working capital amount, the remainder of the value for this transaction was assigned to property, plant and equipment. 

Eldorado paid net cash of $30,318 as a result of the transaction. This amount was a result of an acquired cash balance of $84, less cash consideration 
of $29,173 and transaction costs of $1,229.

B)  EASTERN DRAGON AGREEMENT

In March 25, 2014, the Company, through one of its subsidiaries, entered into a Subscription and a Shareholders agreement (“Agreements”) with 
CDH Fortune II Limited (“CDH”).

As a result of these Agreements, CDH acquired 21.5% of the total ordinary shares of Sino Gold Tenya (HK) Limited (“Tenya”), a subsidiary of the 
Company, and indirectly a 20% interest in the Eastern Dragon Project. 

Under the terms of the Agreements, CDH has the right to require Eldorado to purchase or procure the purchase by another party of the CDH’s shares 
in Tenya at a fixed price (“Put Option”) for 90 days following the second anniversary of the Agreements.

The Agreements include other rights and obligations of the Company and CDH associated with the advancement of the Eastern Dragon Project.

This transaction has been accounted as an equity transaction with the recognition of a non-controlling interest in the amount of $40,000 
representing the consideration received. A liability in the amount of $46,970 has been recorded at the transaction date, representing the present 
value of the redemption amount of the Put Option, as well as $2,654 of transaction costs. The sum of these amounts was recorded against equity. 
Future changes in the present value of the redemption amount of the Put Option are being charged against equity. The present value of the liability 
representing the Put Option as of December 31, 2015 is $51,484 and is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the balance sheet. 
As of December 31, 2014 this liability was included in other non-current liabilities.

6 .  Cash and Cash Equivalents

($ thousands) 

Cash at bank and on hand 

Short-term bank deposits 

7 .  Accounts Receivable and Other

($ thousands) 

Trade receivables 

Value added and other taxes recoverable 

Other receivables and advances 

Prepaid expenses and deposits 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

240,389 

47,800 

288,189 

444,176

54,338

498,514

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

16,137 

16,195 

15,903 

37,233 

85,468 

19,771

40,378

18,572

39,274

117,995

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    47

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 . 

Inventories

($ thousands) 

Ore stockpiles 

In-process inventory and finished goods 

Materials and supplies 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

30,897 

36,841 

107,888 

175,626 

44,195

64,314

114,903

223,412

The cost of materials and supplies consumed during the year and included in production costs amounted to $190,875 (2014 – $244,003).

Inventory write-downs related to iron ore, zinc and lead inventories amounting to $12,024 (2014 – $13,469) were recognized during the year.

9 . 

Investment in Subsidiaries

The following table summarizes the information relating to each of the Company’s subsidiaries that has non-controlling interests (“NCI”) with 
material impact on net profit. The amounts disclosed for each subsidiary are based on those included in the consolidated financial statements before 
inter-company eliminations. Disclosures related to Eastern Dragon and White Mountain have not been provided as these subsidiaries currently have 
no material impact on net profit.

($ thousands) 

NCI percentage 

Current assets 

Non-current assets 

Current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 

Net assets 

December 31, 2015

QDML 

Jinfeng 

Hellas 

Deva

10% 

 197,914  

 88,194  

 (24,131) 

 (7,831) 

18% 

 47,920  

5% 

 37,563  

 588,335  

 1,777,369  

 (116,356) 

 (30,581) 

 (748,756) 

 (288,772) 

19%

 4,279 

 396,280 

 (167,749)

 (43,688)

 254,146  

 489,318  

 777,404  

 189,122 

Carrying amount of NCI 

 21,013  

 16,572  

 33,682  

 56,521 

Revenue 

Net profit (loss) 

Total comprehensive income (loss) 

Profit (loss) allocated to NCI 

Dividends paid to NCI 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

 115,762  

 176,641  

 35,869  

 23,367  

 (1,371,819) 

 23,367  

 (1,371,819) 

 – 

 (216,044)

 (216,044)

 5,071  

 (69,476) 

 (40,684)

 5,634  

 30,874  

 (12,250) 

 (21,991) 

 –  

 249,719  

 (241,428) 

 –  

 – 

 14,805 

 (19,983)

 – 

 9,733  

 9,733  

 1,830  

 3,262  

 44,973  

 (17,934) 

 (32,623) 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

 (5,584) 

 (3,367) 

 8,291  

 (5,178)

48    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9 . 

Investment in Subsidiaries (continued)

($ thousands) 

NCI percentage 

Current assets 

Non-current assets 

Current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 

Net assets 

December 31, 2014

QDML 

Jinfeng 

Hellas 

Deva

10% 

 215,370  

 96,011  

 (26,457) 

 (7,886) 

18% 

 59,570  

5% 

 55,214  

 610,952  

 3,087,628  

 (146,685) 

 (26,583) 

 (509,296) 

 (546,404) 

19%

 10,134 

 630,672 

 (151,183)

 (84,456)

 277,038  

 497,254  

 2,087,142  

 405,167 

Carrying amount of NCI 

 22,445  

 17,136  

 101,558  

 97,205 

Revenue 

Net profit (loss) 

Total comprehensive income (loss) 

Profit (loss) allocated to NCI 

Dividends paid to NCI 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

 136,982  

 214,527  

 42,917  

 42,917  

 35,040  

 35,040  

 51,018  

 (35,284) 

 (35,284) 

 4,231  

 5,155  

 (1,754) 

 3,898  

 46,481  

 (8,833) 

(38,978) 

 7,753  

 65,219  

 (15,956) 

 (43,069) 

 –  

 234,506  

 (240,279) 

 –  

 – 

 887 

 887 

 – 

 – 

 23,307 

 (18,731)

 – 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

 (1,330) 

 6,194  

 (5,773) 

 4,576 

Significant Restrictions
The Company cannot increase the draw-down limit of the entrusted loan described in note 14(d) without the consent of QDML’s  
non-controlling interest.

10 .  Other Assets

($ thousands) 

Restricted credit card deposits 

Non-current accounts receivable and other 

Prepaid loan costs (note 14(b)) 

Environmental guarantee deposits 

Deposit on land acquisition at Jinfeng 

Long-term value added and other taxes recoverable 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

39 

2,875 

– 

13,667 

2,739 

63,827 

83,147 

627

2,925

1,011

14,423

2,907

21,712

43,605

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    49

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11 .  Property, Plant and Equipment

($ thousands) 

Cost 

Land and 
Buildings  

Plant and 
 Equipment 

Capital Works 
in Progress 

Mineral 
Properties  
 and Leases 

Capitalized 
Evaluation 

Total

Balance at January 1, 2014 

 329,112  

 1,569,539  

 159,584  

 4,223,421  

 55,958  

 6,337,614 

Acquisition of Glory 

Additions/transfers 

 –  

 36,657  

Proceeds on production of tailings retreatment 

 –  

Other movements 

Disposals 

 15,955  

(153) 

 268  

 93,527  

 –  

 535  

(876) 

 –  

 11,086  

 –  

(26,410) 

 –  

 39,285  

 287,602  

(26,599) 

 6,862  

 –  

 –  

 13,122  

 –  

 360  

 –  

 39,553 

 441,994 

(26,599)

(2,698)

(1,029)

Balance at December 31, 2014 

 381,571  

 1,662,993  

 144,260  

 4,530,571  

 69,440  

 6,788,835 

Balance at January 1, 2015 

 381,571  

 1,662,993  

 144,260  

 4,530,571  

 69,440  

 6,788,835 

Additions/transfers 

 35,866  

 67,649  

 20,588  

Proceeds on production of tailings retreatment 

Other movements 

Disposals 

 –  

 20  

(10,566) 

 –  

 3,661  

(2,237) 

 –  

(455) 

(1) 

 263,183  

(17,918) 

 1,751  

(1,038) 

 4,674  

 391,960 

 –  

(3,094) 

 –  

(17,918)

 1,883 

(13,842)

Balance at December 31, 2015 

 406,891  

 1,732,066  

 164,392  

 4,776,549  

 71,020  

 7,150,918 

Depreciation and impairment losses 

Balance at January 1, 2014 

Depreciation for the year 

Other movements 

Disposals 

(57,360) 

(35,160) 

 2,619  

 102  

(459,151) 

(110,923) 

 153  

 785  

Balance at December 31, 2014 

(89,799) 

(569,136) 

Balance at January 1, 2015 

Depreciation for the year 

Other movements 

Impairment losses 

Disposals 

(89,799) 

(32,877) 

(666) 

(15,883) 

 7,320  

(569,136) 

(118,474) 

(2,648) 

(131,637) 

 922  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

(136,721) 

(23,698) 

(5,870) 

 –  

(166,289) 

(166,289) 

(25,756) 

(112) 

(4,733) 

(1,253,392) 

 –  

 1  

Balance at December 31, 2015 

(131,905) 

(820,973) 

(4,733) 

(1,445,548) 

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

(653,232)

(169,781)

(3,098)

 887 

(825,224)

(825,224)

(177,107)

(3,426)

(1,405,645)

 8,243 

(2,403,159)

Carrying amounts 

At January 1, 2014 

 271,752  

 1,110,388  

 159,584  

 4,086,700  

 55,958  

 5,684,382 

At December 31, 2014 

 291,772  

 1,093,857  

 144,260  

 4,364,282  

 69,440  

 5,963,611 

Balance at December 31, 2015 

 274,986  

 911,093  

 159,659  

 3,331,001  

 71,020  

 4,747,759

The amount of capitalized interest during the year ended December 31, 2015 included in property, plant and equipment  
was $27,215 (2014 – $14,450). 

50    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11 .  Property, Plant and Equipment (continued)

In accordance with the Company’s accounting policies each CGU is assessed for indicators of impairment, from both external and internal sources, 
at the end of each reporting period, which may suggest that the carrying values of its assets are impaired for accounting purposes. If such indicators 
of impairment exist to any or all CGUs, those CGUs are tested for impairment. 

The Company determined that indicators of impairment were identified in the CGUs of the Certej project, Skouries project, the Stratoni mine, the 
Vila Nova mine and the TJS mine. No other indicators of impairment were identified. 

For the Skouries project, the Company identified indicators of impairment from both internal and external sources of information. Those were 
comprised of delays in the permitting process, higher projected capital and operating costs and placement of the project on care and maintenance. 
For the Stratoni mine, the Company identified the sustained low prices of lead and zinc as indicators of impairment. For the TJS mine, changes in the 
mine plan resulted in an impairment. The assumptions and valuation method used in our asset impairment review for these assets are the same as 
those described for the annual impairment testing of goodwill (note 12). 

For the Vila Nova mine, the Company identified the sustained low price of iron ore as indicators of impairment. The key assumptions used for the 
calculation of Vila Nova were an iron price of $70 and a discount rate of 5%.

For the Certej project, the Company completed a feasibility study which reflected higher capital and operating costs than had been assumed in the 
purchase price allocation used to record the Company’s acquisition of European Goldfields Inc. The key assumptions used for the calculations were 
as follows:

Gold price ($/oz) 
Silver price ($/oz) 
Inflation rate 
Discount rate 

$1,300
$20
2%
7%

As at December 31, 2015, the Company recorded impairment charges totalling $1,405,645 ($1,049,196 net of deferred income tax recovery), 
excluding the impairment of goodwill totalling $476,020 (note 12). Impairment charges comprised of $1,042,066 ($739,867 net of deferred income 
tax recovery) to the Skouries project, $43,974 ($31,222 net of deferred income tax recovery) to the Stratoni mine, $254,910 ($214,125 net of 
deferred income tax recovery) on our Certej project, $36,462 ($35,749 net of deferred income tax recovery) to the TJS mine and $28,233 to the 
Vila Nova mine.

These impairment charges were applied to the property, plant and equipment based on the relative carrying amounts of the assets as at 
December 31, 2015 that were subject to impairment charges. At December 31, 2015, the carrying amount of our Skouries project, our Certej project 
and our TJS mine after impairment charges was $309,110, $396,279 and $50,497, respectively. The full value of the property, plant and equipment 
was impaired at the Stratoni mine and the Vila Nova mine; as a result the carrying amount of the Stratoni mine and Vila Nova mine is nil. 

The values assigned to the key assumptions represent management’s assessment of future trends in the gold mining industry and in the global 
economic environment. The assumptions used are management’s best estimates and are based on both current and historical information from 
external and internal sources.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    51

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
12 .  Goodwill

($ thousands) 

Cost 

Balance at January 1, 

Impaired during the year 

Balance at December 31, 

2015 

2014

 526,296  

 (476,020) 

 50,276  

 526,296 

 – 

 526,296

Impairment Tests for Goodwill
Goodwill is tested for impairment annually and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Impairment is 
determined for goodwill by assessing the recoverable amount of each CGU or group of CGUs to which the goodwill relates. Where the recoverable 
amount of the CGU is less than its carrying amount including goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized. Impairment losses relating to goodwill 
cannot be reversed in future periods. 

Goodwill is allocated to the individual CGUs of TJS and White Mountain in China and to a group of CGUs in Greece. 

The recoverable amount of a CGU or group of CGUs is determined based on the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value-in-use. These 
calculations use projections based on financial budgets approved by management. Cash flows beyond the five-year period are extrapolated using the 
estimated growth rates stated below. The estimates of future cash flows were derived from the most recent LOM plans with mine lives ranging from 
6 to 38 years. 

Key assumptions used for fair value less costs to sell calculations are as follows:

Gold price ($/oz) 

Silver price ($/oz) 

Copper ($/lb) 

Lead ($/lb) 

Zinc ($/lb) 

Inflation rate  

Discount rate 

2015 

1,100 – 1,300 

16 – 18 

2.59 – 2.86 

0.82 – 0.91 

0.91 

2% 

5% – 9% 

2014

1,300

20

3.00

0.95

1.00

2%

7% – 9%

Based on the goodwill impairment test performed on its CGUs, the Company concluded that the goodwill was recoverable in the CGU of White 
Mountain; however, goodwill was not recoverable in the CGU of TJS and the group of CGUs in Greece. The discounted cash flow model yielded an 
impairment of the full carrying value of goodwill of Greece ($473,782) and TJS ($2,238).

The above assumptions have been used for the analysis of the recoverability of goodwill and the CGUs to which it relates. The discount rates used 
reflect specific risks relating to the relevant CGUs. 

Permitting delays and increased capital and operating costs have negatively affected the cash flow at the Skouries project, which was the main 
contributor to the decline in the cash flows of the group of CGUs in Greece. 

As at December 31, 2015, the goodwill balance is allocated to the White Mountain CGU in the amount of $50,276.

The recoverable amount of CGUs is sensitive to change in gold prices. A 27% decrease in the long-term gold price, in isolation, could cause the 
carrying value to exceed the recoverable amount of White Mountain’s CGU.

52    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12 .  Goodwill (continued)

The Company believes that a long-term decline in the gold price environment would result in changes in operating cost inputs that may offset the 
impact of a lower gold price environment.

The values assigned to the key assumptions represent management’s assessment of future trends in the gold mining industry and in the global 
economic environment. The assumptions used are management’s best estimates and are based on both current and historical information from 
external and internal sources.

13 .  Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

($ thousands) 

Trade payables 

Taxes payable 

Accrued expenses 

14 .  Debt

($ thousands) 

Current: 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

97,345 

5,857 

133,617 

236,819 

83,566

6,230

94,916

184,712

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

Jinfeng China Merchant Bank (“CMB”) working capital loan (a) 

– 

16,343

Non-current: 

Senior notes (c) 

Total debt 

589,395 

589,395 

587,201

603,544

(a)   Jinfeng CMB Working Capital Loan

On January 16, 2013, Jinfeng entered into a RMB 100.0 million ($15,400) working capital loan with CMB. Each draw-down had a fixed interest 
rate of 5.6% and had a term of six months. The facility had a term of up to one year. In January 2014, the term of the facility was extended to 
January 28, 2015 and was not subsequently renewed. This facility was unsecured. The proceeds were used to fund working capital obligations.

As at December 31, 2015, Jinfeng has repaid the full amount under this facility. 

(b)   Revolving Credit Facility

The Company has a $375.0 million revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks (“the credit facility” or “ARCA”). The ARCA matures on 
November 23, 2016. The ARCA is secured by the shares of SG Resources and Tuprag, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company.

The ARCA contains covenants that restrict, among other things, the ability of the Company to incur an aggregate unsecured indebtedness exceeding 
$850.0 million, incur secured indebtedness up to $200.0 million, make distributions in certain circumstances, sell material assets and carry on a 
business other than one related to the mining business. Significant financial covenants include a maximum debt to Earnings before Interest, Taxes, 
Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”) of 3.5:1 and a minimum EBITDA to interest of 3:1. The Company is in compliance with these covenants 
at December 31, 2015. 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    53

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14 .  Debt (continued)

Loan interest is variable, dependent on a leverage ratio pricing grid. The Company’s current leverage ratio is approximately 1.99:1. At this ratio, 
interest charges and fees are as follows: LIBOR plus margin of 2.00% and undrawn standby fee of 0.50%. Fees of $4,728 were paid in relation to 
the credit facility. This amount was deferred as pre-payments for liquidity services and was amortized to financing costs. As at December 31, 2015, 
the prepaid loan cost on the balance sheet was nil (2014 – $1,011) (note 10).

No amounts were drawn down under the ARCA as at December 31, 2015.

(c)   Senior Notes

On December 10, 2012, the Company completed an offering of $600.0 million senior notes (“the notes”) at par value, with a coupon 
rate of 6.125% due December 15, 2020. The notes pay interest semi-annually on June 15 and December 15. The Company received proceeds 
of $589.5 million from the offering, which is net of the commission payment. The notes are redeemable by the Company in whole or in part, 
for cash: 

i)  At any time prior to December 15, 2016 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes at the treasury 

yield plus 50 basis points, and any accrued and unpaid interest;

ii)  On and after the dates provided below, at the redemption prices, expressed as a percentage of principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, set 

forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the notes:

December 15, 2016  103.063%
December 15, 2017  101.531%
2018 and thereafter  100.000%

The early prepayment prices are to reimburse the lender for lost interest for the remaining term. The fair market value of the notes as at 
December 31, 2015 is $526.9 million. 

Net deferred financing costs of $10,605 have been included as an offset in the balance of the notes in the financial statements and are being 
amortized over the term of the notes. 

(d)   Entrusted Loan

In November 2010, Eastern Dragon, HSBC Bank (China) and QDML entered into an entrusted loan agreement, which currently has an approved limit 
of RMB 720.0 million ($110,878).

Under the terms of the entrusted loan, QDML with its own funds entrusts HSBC Bank (China) to provide a loan facility in the name of QDML to 
Eastern Dragon. The loan can be drawn down in tranches. Each draw-down bears interest fixed at the prevailing lending rate stipulated by the 
People’s Bank of China on the date of draw-down. Each draw-down has a term of one year and can be rolled forward at the discretion of QDML. 
The interest rate on this loan as at December 31, 2015 was 4.59%.

As at December 31, 2015, RMB 667.1 million ($102,735) had been drawn under the entrusted loan. 

Subsequent to December 31, 2015, RMB 3.1 million ($477) was drawn under this loan.

The entrusted loan has been recorded on a net settlement basis.

54    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated15 .  Asset Retirement Obligations

($ thousands) 

Greece 

Brazil 

China 

Turkey 

Romania 

Total

At January 1, 2015 

Accretion during the year 

Revisions to estimate of obligation 

Settlements 

At December 31, 2015 

Estimated undiscounted amount 

 46,344  

 938  

 (7,037) 

 (242) 

 40,003  

 68,372  

 3,110  

 66  

 911  

 –  

 4,087  

 4,113  

 23,709  

 480  

 (1,096) 

 (171) 

 34,454  

 1,452  

 109,069 

 890  

 (881) 

 (309) 

 37  

 (19) 

 –  

 2,411 

 (8,122)

 (722)

 22,922  

 34,154  

 1,470  

 102,636 

 28,795  

 50,349  

 2,323  

 153,952 

The Company’s asset retirement obligations relate to the restoration and rehabilitation of the Company’s mining operations and projects under 
development. The expected timing of the cash flows in respect of the provision is based on the estimated life of the various mining operations. The 
decrease in the estimate of the obligation in 2015 in all countries was mainly due to favourable foreign exchange rates which lowered the unit costs 
of the reclamation activities. Additionally, slightly higher discount rates further contributed to a lower net present value of the reclamation obligation. 
These favourable movements in Greece were offset marginally by the increased disturbance at the Skouries project.

The provision is calculated as the present value of estimated future net cash outflows based on the following key assumptions:

(%) 

Greece 

Brazil 

China 

Turkey 

Romania 

At December 31, 2014 

Inflation rate 

Discount rate 

At December 31, 2015 

Inflation rate 

Discount rate 

 2.0  

 0.7 to 2.8  

 2.0  

 0.6 to 3.0  

 2.0  

 2.1  

 2.0  

 0.6  

 2.0  

 2.0  

 1.1 to 2.1  

 2.2 to 2.7  

 2.0  

 2.0  

 1.0 to 2.3  

 2.2 to 2.9  

 2.0 

 2.5 

 2.0 

 2.7 

The discount rate is a risk-free rate determined based on US Treasury bond rates. US Treasury bond rates have been used for all of the mine sites, as 
the liabilities are denominated in US dollars and the majority of the expenditures are expected to be incurred in US dollars. The inflation rates used in 
determining the present value of the future net cash outflows are based on worldwide inflation rates.

Environmental guarantee deposits exist with respect to the environmental rehabilitation of the mines in China (note 10).

Additionally, the Company has a €50.0 million Letter of Guarantee to the Ministry of Environment of Greece as security for the due and proper 
performance of rehabilitation works in relation to the mining and metallurgical facilities of the Kassandra Mines (Stratoni, Olympias and Skouries) and 
the removal, cleaning and rehabilitation of the old Olympias tailings. This Letter of Guarantee is renewed annually, expires on July 26, 2026 and has 
an annual fee of 57 basis points.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    55

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16 .  Defined Benefit Plans

($ thousands) 

Balance sheet obligations (asset) for:  

Pension Plan  

Supplemental Pension Plan  

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

 554  

 (11,452) 

 (10,898) 

 839 

 (13,629)

(12,790)

($ thousands) 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

Income statement charge for:  

Pension Plan  

Supplemental Pension Plan  

Actuarial losses (gains) recognized in the statement of other  

comprehensive income in the period (before tax)  

Cumulative actuarial losses recognized in the statement of other  

comprehensive income (before tax)  

 203  

 1,467  

 1,670  

 855  

 14,974  

 198 

 1,422 

 1,620 

 596 

 14,119 

The Company operates defined benefit pension plans in Canada with two components: a registered pension plan (“the Pension Plan”) and a 
supplemental pension plan (“the SERP”). During the second quarter of 2012, the SERP was converted into a Retirement Compensation Arrangement 
(“RCA”), a trust account. As it is a trust account, the assets in the account are protected from the Company’s creditors. The RCA requires the 
Company to remit 50% of any contributions and any realized investment gains to the Receiver General of Canada as refundable tax.

These plans, which are only available to certain qualifying employees, provide benefits based on an employee’s years of service and final average 
earnings at retirement. Annual contributions related to these plans are actuarially determined and made at or in excess of minimum requirements 
prescribed by legislation.

Eldorado’s plans have actuarial valuations performed for funding purposes. The Pension Plan last had an actuarial valuation performed as of 
January 1, 2014 for funding purposes with the next required valuation as of January 1, 2017. The SERP’s last valuation was on January 1, 2015 for 
funding purposes, and the next valuation will be prepared in accordance with the terms of the pension plan. The measurement date to determine 
the pension obligation and assets for accounting purposes was December 31, 2015.

The SERP is designed to provide supplementary pension benefits to qualifying employees affected by the maximum pen-sion limits under the Income 
Tax Act pursuant to the registered Pension Plan. Further, the Company is not required to pre-fund any benefit obligation under the SERP. 

Total Cash Payments
The amount contributed to the Pension Plan and the SERP was $2,798 (2014 – $2,700). Cash payments totalling $135 were made directly to 
beneficiaries during the year (2014 – $156). The expected contribution to the Pension Plan is $37 and $1,746 to the SERP in 2016. 

56    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16 .  Defined Benefit Plans (continued)

The amounts recognized in the balance sheet are determined as follows:

($ thousands) 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Total 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Total

Present value of obligations 

Fair value of plan assets 

 2,522  

 (1,968) 

 31,565  

 (43,016) 

 34,087  

 (44,984) 

 2,763  

 (1,924) 

 33,320  

 (46,949) 

 36,083 

 (48,873)

Liability (asset) on balance sheet 

 554  

 (11,451) 

 (10,897) 

 839  

 (13,629) 

 (12,790)

The movement in the defined benefit obligation over the year is as follows:

($ thousands) 

2015 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Total 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

2014

Total

Balance at January 1, 

  Current service cost 

Interest cost 

  Actuarial loss (gain) 

Benefit payments 

Exchange gain 

 2,763  

 33,320  

 36,083  

 2,407  

 31,529  

 33,936 

 176  

 104  

 26  

 –  

 (547) 

 1,972  

 1,246  

 1,300  

 (135) 

 (6,138) 

 2,148  

 1,350  

 1,326  

 (135) 

 (6,685) 

 172  

 114  

 280  

 –  

 (210) 

 2,076  

 1,487  

 940  

 (156) 

 (2,556) 

 2,248 

 1,601 

 1,220 

 (156)

 (2,766)

Balance at December 31, 

 2,522  

 31,565  

 34,087  

 2,763  

 33,320  

 36,083 

The movement in the fair value of plan assets of the year is as follows:

($ thousands) 

2015 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Total 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

At January 1, 

Interest income on plan assets 

  Actuarial gain (loss) 

  Contributions by employer 

Benefit payments 

Exchange loss 

 1,924  

 46,949  

 48,873  

 1,930  

 77  

 (55) 

 334  

 –  

 (312) 

 1,751  

 (416) 

 2,464  

 (135) 

 (7,597) 

 1,828  

 (471) 

 2,798  

 (135) 

 (7,909) 

 88  

 66  

 –  

 –  

 (160) 

 45,490  

 2,141  

 558  

 2,700  

 (156) 

 (3,784) 

2014

Total

 47,420 

 2,229 

 624 

 2,700 

 (156)

 (3,944)

At December 31, 

 1,968  

 43,016  

 44,984  

 1,924  

 46,949  

 48,873

The amounts recognized in the income statement are as follows:

($ thousands) 

2015 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Total 

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Current service cost 

Interest cost 

Expected return on plan assets 

Defined benefit plans expense 

 176  

 104  

 (77) 

 203  

 1,972  

 1,246  

 (1,751) 

 2,148  

 1,350  

 (1,828) 

 1,467  

 1,670  

 172  

 114  

 (88) 

 198  

 2,076  

 1,487  

 (2,141) 

 1,422  

2014

Total

 2,248 

 1,601 

 (2,229)

 1,620 

The actual return on plan assets was $1,687 (2014 – $3,124).

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    57

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16 .  Defined Benefit Plans (continued)

The principal actuarial assumptions used were as follows:

(%) 

Expected return on plan assets 

Discount rate – Beginning of year 

Discount rate – End of year 

Rate of salary escalation 

Average remaining service period of active employees  

Pension Plan 

 4.0  

4.0  

 4.0  

 2.0  

2015 

SERP 

 4.0  

 4.0  

 4.0  

 2.0  

Pension Plan 

 4.0  

 4.8  

 4.0  

 2.5  

2014

SERP

 4.0 

 4.8 

 4.0 

 2.5 

expected to receive benefits 

 8.5 years  

 8.5 years  

 7.2 years  

 7.2 years 

The assumption used to determine the interest income on plan assets is equal to the discount rate, as per IAS 19.

Plan Assets
The assets of the Pension Plan and the amounts deposited in the SERP account are managed by a major investment management company and are 
invested only in conformity with the investment requirements of applicable pension laws.

The following table summarizes the defined benefit plans’ weighted average asset allocation percentages by asset category:

(%) 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

Pension Plan 

SERP 

Pension Plan 

SERP

Investment funds 

  Money market 

  Canadian fixed income 

  Canadian equities 

  US equities 

International equities 

Other (1) 

Total 

3 

97 

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

4 

4 

19 

19 

9 

45 

1 

99 

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

8

4

20

16

7

45

100 

100 

100 

100

(1)   Assets held by the Canada Revenue Agency in the refundable tax account. 

The sensitivity of the overall pension liability to changes in the weighted principal assumptions is:

Discount rate 

Change in assumption 

Impact on overall liability

Increase by 0.5% 

Decrease by 0.5% 

Decrease by $2,496

Increase by $2,256

Salary escalation rate 

Increase/decrease by 0.5% 

Increase/decrease by $105

58    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17 .  Income Tax Expense and Deferred Taxes

Total income tax expense (recovery) consists of:

($ thousands) 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

Current tax expense 

Deferred tax expense (recovery) 

Total income tax expense (recovery) attributable to geographical jurisdiction is as follows:

($ thousands) 

Turkey 

China 

Greece 

Brazil 

Canada 

Romania 

Other jurisdictions 

Factors affecting income tax expense (recovery) for the year:

($ thousands) 

Profit (loss) before income tax 

Canadian statutory tax rate 

Tax expense (recovery) on net income (loss) at Canadian statutory tax rate 

Items that cause an increase (decrease) in income tax expense: 

Foreign income subject to different income tax rates than Canada 

Increase in Greek tax rates 

Non-tax effected operating losses 

Non-deductible expenses and other items 

Non-deductible goodwill impairment 

Foreign exchange and other translation adjustments 

Amounts under (over) provided in prior years 

Investment tax credits 

Withholding tax on foreign income 

Income tax expense (recovery) 

 76,864  

 (261,232) 

 (184,368) 

2015 

 61,726  

 37,022  

 (247,903) 

 5,719  

 –  

 (41,140) 

 208  

 (184,368) 

2015 

 (1,829,510) 

26.00% 

 (475,673) 

 (26,713) 

 63,503  

 43,056  

 13,063  

 137,397  

 45,510  

 1,396  

 (13,989) 

 28,082  

 (184,368) 

93,474 

27,795 

 121,269 

2014

 74,959 

37,263 

 5,005 

 2,761 

 – 

 201 

 1,080 

 121,269 

2014

 227,813 

26.00%

 59,231 

 (17,307)

 – 

 24,470 

 13,481 

 – 

 16,914 

 4,350 

 (517)

20,647 

121,269 

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    59

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
17 .  Income Tax Expense and Deferred Taxes (continued)

The change for the year in the Company’s net deferred tax position was as follows:

($ thousands) 

Net deferred tax asset (liability) 

Balance at January 1, 

    Deferred income tax (expense) recovery in the income statement 

Net balance at December 31, 

2015 

2014

 (869,103) 

 261,232  

 (607,871) 

(841,308)

 (27,795)

 (869,103) 

The composition of the Company’s net deferred income tax asset and liability and deferred tax expense is as follows:

Type of temporary difference 

Deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities 

Expense (recovery) 
on the income statement

($ thousands) 

2015 

2014 

2015 

2014 

2015 

2014

Property, plant and equipment 

Loss carryforwards 

Liabilities 

Investment tax credits 

Other items 

 –  

 20,389  

 18,650  

 5,665  

12,135  

 2,735  

 17,590  

 28,082  

 1,078  

 6,729  

 653,922  

 913,383  

 (256,726) 

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 51  

 –  

 10,788  

 11,883  

 (2,799) 

 9,381  

 (4,587) 

 (6,501) 

 36,610 

 (5,531)

 (12,589)

 6,717 

 2,588 

Balance at December 31, 

56,839  

 56,214  

 664,710  

 925,317  

 (261,232) 

 27,795 

Unrecognized deferred tax assets

($ thousands) 

Tax losses 

Other deductible temporary differences 

Total unrecognized deferred tax assets 

2015 

 151,889  

 20,583  

 172,472  

2014

 128,169 

 6,733 

 134,902 

Unrecognized Tax Losses
At December 31, 2015 the Company had losses with a tax benefit of $151,889 (2014 – $128,169) which are not recognized as deferred tax assets. 
The Company recognizes the benefit of tax losses only to the extent of anticipated future taxable income that can be reduced by the tax losses. The 
gross amount of the tax losses for which a tax benefit has not been recorded expire as shown on the following page. 

60    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17 .  Income Tax Expense and Deferred Taxes (continued)

($ thousands) 
Expiry date 

2016 

2017 

2018 

2019 

2020 

2025 

2026 

2027 

2028 

2029 

2030 

2031 

2032 

2033 

2034 

2035 

No Expiry 

 Canada  

 Brazil  

 Greece  

 Australia  

 Total 

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 7,858  

 14,839  

 10,703  

 25,965  

 23,444  

 7,285  

 45,351  

 75,450  

 64,883  

 58,689  

 58,634  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 19,528  

 2,199  

 5,708  

 10,176  

 27,095  

 19,225  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 31,179  

 2,199 

 5,708 

 10,176 

 27,095 

 19,225 

 7,858 

 14,839 

 10,703 

 25,965 

 23,444 

 7,285 

 45,351 

 75,450 

 64,883 

 58,689 

 58,634 

 50,707 

 393,101  

 19,528  

 64,403  

 31,179  

 508,211 

Capital losses with no expiry 

Tax effect of total losses not recognized 

 140,477  

 120,468  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 140,477 

 3,390  

 18,677  

 9,354  

 151,889 

DEDUCTIBLE TEMPORARY DIFFERENCES

At December 31, 2015 the Company had deductible temporary differences for which deferred tax assets of $20,583 (2014 – $6,733) have not 
been recognized, because it is not probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the Company can utilize the benefits. The vast 
majority of these temporary benefits have no expiry date.

TEMPORARY DIFFERENCES ASSOCIATED WITH INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES

The Company has not recognized deferred tax liabilities in respect of historical unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries for which we are able 
to control the timing of the remittance and are considered reinvested for the foreseeable future. At December 31, 2015, these earnings amount 
to $1,159,318 (2014 – $1,803,336). Substantially all of these earnings would be subject to withholding taxes if they were remitted by the 
foreign subsidiaries.

TAX CREDITS

The Company has $0 (2014 – $396) of tax credits that have not been recognized.

OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING TAXATION

During the year the Turkish lira has weakened, causing a deferred income tax expense during the year of $24,505 due to the decrease in the value of 
the future tax deductions associated with the Turkish operations. The Company expects that in the future significant foreign exchange movements in 
the Turkish lira, euro or Chinese renminbi in relation to the US dollar will cause significant volatility in the deferred income tax expense or recovery.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    61

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18 .  Share Capital

Eldorado’s authorized share capital consists of an unlimited number of voting common shares without par value and an unlimited number of non-voting 
common shares without par value. At December 31, 2015 there were no non-voting common shares outstanding (December 31, 2014 – none).

Voting common shares 

At January 1, 2014 

Shares issued upon exercise of share options, for cash 

Estimated fair value of share options exercised 

Common shares issued for deferred phantom units 

At December 31, 2014 

Shares issued upon exercise of share options, for cash 

Estimated fair value of share options exercised 

At December 31, 2015 

19 .  Share-Based Payments

(a)   Share Option Plans

Number of shares 

Total $

  716,216,690 

5,314,589

315,914 

– 

31,920 

  716,564,524 

22,610 

– 

  716,587,134 

1,996

2,141

224

5,318,950

121

30

5,319,101

The Company has two share option plans (“Plans”) approved, as amended, by the shareholders on May 1, 2014 under which share purchase options 
(“Options”) can be granted to directors, officers, employees and consultants.

The Company’s Employee, Consultant and Advisor Plan (“Employee Plan”) consists of Employee Plan Options subject to a 10-year maximum. 
Currently all Employee Plan Options have a five-year term. Employee Plan Options vest at the discretion of the Board of Directors at the time an 
option is granted. Employee Plan Options granted before November 1, 2015 vest in three separate tranches over two years and Employee Plan 
Options granted on or after November 1, 2015 vest annually in three separate tranches commencing one year after the date of grant. As at 
December 31, 2015, a total of 15,510,585 options (2014 – 18,287,530) were available to grant to employees, consultants or advisors under the 
Employee Plan.

The Company’s Directors and Officers Plan (“D&O Plan”) consists of D&O Plan Options subject to a 10-year maximum. Currently all D&O Plan Options 
have a five-year term. D&O Plan Options vest at the discretion of the Board of Directors at the time an option is granted. D&O Plan Options granted 
before November 1, 2015 vest in three separate tranches over two years and D&O Plan Options granted on or after November 1, 2015 vest annually 
in three separate tranches commencing one year after the date of grant. As at December 31, 2015, a total of 6,810,575 Options (2014 – 9,033,015) 
were available to grant to directors and officers under the D&O Plan.

Movements in the number of share options outstanding and their related weighted average exercise prices are as follows:

Weighted average 
exercise price 
(CDN$) 

11.75 

6.64 

6.64 

12.62 

9 .97 

2015 

Number of 
options 

20,995,992 

8,274,440 

(22,610) 

(3,728,388) 

25,519,434 

Weighted average 
exercise price 
(CDN$) 

13.20 

7.78 

7.23 

12.01 

11 .75 

2014

Number of 
options

16,753,421

6,365,824

(315,914)

(1,807,339)

20,995,992

At January 1, 

Regular options granted 

Exercised 

Forfeited 

At December 31, 

62    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19 .  Share-Based Payments (continued)

At December 31, 2015, 18,273,622 share purchase options (December 31, 2014 – 15,199,444) with a weighted average exercise price of 
CDN$11.17 (December 31, 2014 – CDN$12.97) had vested and were exercisable. Options outstanding are as follows:

 Range of 
 exercise price 
 (CDN$)  

 $3.00 to $3.99 

 $6.00 to $6.99 

 $7.00 to $7.99 

 $8.00 to $8.99 

 $10.00 to $10.99 

 $12.00 to $12.99 

 $14.00 to $14.99 

 $15.00 to $15.99 

 $16.00 to $16.99 

Shares 

100,000 

8,030,710 

5,673,643 

45,405 

4,925,186 

507,952 

62,289 

4,075,149 

2,099,100 

25,519,434 

Total options outstanding 

Exercisable options

December 31, 2015

Weighted average 
remaining contractual 
life (years) 

Weighted average 
exercise price 
(CDN$) 

  Weighted average 
exercise price 
(CDN$)

Shares 

4.8 

4.1 

3.2 

2.3 

2.1 

1.4 

1.8 

1.1 

0.1 

2 .7 

3.96 

6.66 

7.81 

8.19 

10.43 

12.74 

14.45 

15.22 

16.66 

9 .97 

16,667 

2,759,234 

3,782,640 

45,405 

4,925,186 

507,952 

62,289 

4,075,149 

2,099,100 

18,273,622 

3.95

6.66

7.81

8.19

10.43

12.74

14.45

15.22

16.66

11 .17

Share-based payments expense related to share options for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $11,282 (2014 – $11,123).

The assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were:

Risk-free interest rate 

Expected volatility (range) 

Expected life (range) 

Expected dividends 

Forfeiture rate 

2015 

2014

0.39% 

53% – 58% 

1.01%

45% – 50%

0.83 – 2.85 years 

0.83 – 2.83 years

CDN$0.02 

7% 

CDN$0.12

6%

The weighted average fair value per stock option was CDN$1.75 (2014 – CDN$1.83). Volatility was determined based on the historical volatility over 
the estimated lives of the options.

(b)   Restricted Share Unit Plan

The Company has a Restricted Share Unit (‘‘RSU’’) plan whereby restricted share units may be granted to senior management of the Company. 
Once vested, an RSU is exercisable into one common share entitling the holder to receive the common share for no additional consideration. For 
RSUs granted before November 1, 2015, one-third vest on June 30 of the grant year, a second third vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant 
and the last third vest on the second anniversary of the date of grant. For RSUs granted on or after November 1, 2015, one-third vest on the first 
anniversary of the date of grant, a second third vest on the second anniversary of the date of grant and the last third vest on the third anniversary of 
the date of grant. The current maximum number of common shares authorized for issue under the RSU plan is 5,000,000. 

A total of 596,089 RSUs (2014 – 877,753) at a grant-date fair value of CDN$6.67 per unit were granted during the year ended December 31, 2015 
(2014 – CDN$7.84) under the Company’s RSU plan and 198,697 RSUs were exercisable at December 31, 2015 (2014 – 292,585).

The fair value of each RSU issued is determined as the closing share price at grant date.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    63

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19 .  Share-Based Payments (continued)

A summary of the status of the RSU plan and changes during the year is as follows:

At January 1, 

Granted  

Redeemed 

Forfeited 

At December 31,  

2015 

1,086,523 

596,089 

(715,889) 

(81,877) 

884,846 

2014

 774,845

 877,753

 (566,075)

–

1,086,523

As at December 31, 2015, 884,846 common shares purchased by the Company remain held in trust in connection with this plan (2014 – 1,086,523). 
At the end of the period, 225,406 restricted share units are fully vested and exercisable (2014 – 282,314). These shares purchased and held in trust 
have been included in treasury stock in the balance sheet.

Restricted share units expense for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $4,147 (2014 – $7,380).

(c)   Deferred Share Units Plan 

The Company has an Independent Directors Deferred Share Unit (“DSU”) plan under which DSUs are be granted by the Board from time to time 
to independent directors (“participants”). The performance period of each DSU commences on the grant date and expires on the termination date 
of the participant. The termination date is when the participant ceases to be a Director of the Company. On redemption each unit entitles the 
participant to receive a cash payment equal to the market value of the Company’s shares on the date of redemption. 

At December 31, 2015, 386,303 DSUs were outstanding (2014 – 259,037) with a value of $1,144 (2014 – $1,581), which is included in accounts 
payable and accrued liabilities.

Compensation income related to the DSUs was $381 for the year ended December 31, 2015 (2014 – expense of $272).

(d)   Performance Share Units Plan

The Company has a Performance Share Unit (“PSU”) plan whereby performance share units may be granted to senior management of the Company. 
Once vested, a PSU is redeemable into one common share entitling the holder to receive the common share for no additional consideration. 

A total of 624,580 PSUs were granted during the year ended December 31, 2015 under the Company’s PSU plan (2014 – none). The PSUs vest 
on the third anniversary of the grant date, subject to achievement of predetermined performance criteria. When fully vested the number of PSUs 
redeemed will range from 0% to 200% of the target award, subject to the performance of the share price over the three-year period. The current 
maximum number of common shares authorized for issuance from treasury under the PSU plan is 3,130,000.

Compensation expense related to PSUs for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $829 (2014 – $0).

20 .  Supplementary Cash Flow Information

($ thousands) 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

Changes in non-cash working capital 

  Accounts receivable and other 

Inventories 

  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

Total 

Supplementary cash flow information 

Income taxes paid 

Interest paid 

64    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

(6,562) 

45,915 

(9,960) 

29,393 

81,282 

34,166 

(34,206)

13,184

(35,480)

(56,502)

88,150

34,536

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21 .  Financial Risk Management

21 .1  FINANCIAL RISK FACTORS 

Eldorado’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk 
and liquidity risk. Eldorado’s overall risk management program focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimize potential 
adverse effects on Eldorado’s financial performance.  

(a)  Market Risk

(i) Foreign Exchange Risk
The Company operates principally in Canada, Turkey, China, Brazil, Greece and Romania, and is therefore exposed to foreign exchange risk arising 
from transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Foreign exchange risk arises when future commercial transactions or recognized assets or 
liabilities are denominated in a currency that is not the entity’s functional currency. 

Eldorado’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, marketable securities, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and debt are denominated 
in several currencies, and are therefore subject to fluctuation against the US dollar. 

The table below summarizes Eldorado’s exposure to the various currencies denominated in the foreign currency, as listed below:

Canadian  Australian 
dollar 

dollar 

Turkish   

Euro 

lira 

Chinese  Swedish  Romanian  Great British  Brazilian 
real

pound 

renminbi 

krona 

lei 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Marketable securities 

 4,705  

 25,369  

Accounts receivable and other 

 2,261  

 172  

 4,737  

 2,165  

 357,183  

 1,774  

 8,014  

 244  

 21,559 

 –  

 1  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 6,143  

 54,785  

 182,288  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 9,212  

 –  

 –  

 – 

 10,255 

Accounts payable and  
accrued liabilities 

Other non-current liability 

Debt 

 (12,111) 

 (192) 

 (58,596) 

 (97,073) 

 (434,573) 

 –  

 (6,027) 

 –  

 (3,953)

 –  

 –  

 (2,158) 

 (11,116) 

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 – 

Net balance 

 20,224  

 (19) 

 (49,874) 

 (51,239) 

 104,898  

 1,774  

 11,199  

 244  

 27,861 

Equivalent in US dollars 

 14,614  

 (14) 

 (54,143) 

 (17,622) 

 16,155  

 210  

 2,700  

 360  

 7,112

Based on the balances as at December 31, 2015, a 1% increase/decrease in the US dollar exchange rate against all of the other currencies on 
that date would have resulted in a decrease/increase of approximately $306 in profit (loss) before taxes. There would be no effect on other 
comprehensive income.

Cash flows from operations are exposed to foreign exchange risk, as commodity sales are set in US dollars and a certain amount of operating 
expenses are in the currency of the country in which mining operations take place. 

(ii) Metal Price Risk and Other Price Risk
Eldorado is subject to price risk for fluctuations in the market price of gold and other metals. Gold and other metals prices are affected by numerous 
factors beyond the Company’s control, including central bank sales, producer hedging activities, the relative exchange rate of the US dollar with other 
major currencies, global and regional demand and political and economic conditions. 

Worldwide gold and other metals production levels also affect their prices, and the price of these metals is occasionally subject to rapid short-term 
changes due to speculative activities. The Company has elected not to actively manage its exposure to metal price risk at this time. From time to time, 
Eldorado may use commodity price contracts to manage its exposure to fluctuations in the price of gold and other metals.

Other price risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate as a result of changes in market prices. 

Eldorado’s other price risk includes equity price risk, whereby the Company’s investments in marketable securities are subject to market 
price fluctuation.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    65

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21 .  Financial Risk Management (continued)

(iii) Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates. 
Current financial assets and financial liabilities are generally not exposed to interest rate risk because of their short-term nature. The Company’s debt 
is in the form of notes with a fixed interest rate of 6.13%. 

(b)  Credit Risk

Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will fail to discharge an obligation and cause the other party to incur a financial 
loss. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accounts 
receivable. Eldorado deposits its cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, with high credit quality financial institutions as determined by 
rating agencies. 

Payment for metal sales is normally in advance or within fifteen days of shipment depending on the buyer. The historical level of customer defaults 
is negligible which reduces the credit risk associated with trade receivables at December 31, 2015. 

(c)   Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that an entity will encounter difficulty in raising funds to meet commitments associated with financial instruments. 
The Company manages liquidity by maintaining adequate cash and cash equivalent balances and by using its lines of credit as required. Management 
monitors and reviews both actual and forecasted cash flows, and also matches the maturity profile of financial assets and liabilities. Contractual 
maturities relating to debt are included in note 14.

21 .2 CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT

Eldorado’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development 
of our mining projects. Capital consists of all of the components of equity: share capital from ordinary shares, contributed surplus, accumulated other 
comprehensive income, deficit and non-controlling interests.

Consistent with others in the industry, Eldorado monitors capital on the basis of the debt to capital ratio and debt to EBITDA. The debt to capital 
ratio is calculated as debt, including current and non-current debt, divided by capital. The debt to EBITDA ratio is calculated as debt, including current 
and non-current debt, divided by earnings before interest costs, taxes and depreciation. This policy includes a target debt to capital ratio of less than 
30% and a debt to EBITDA target ratio below 3.5.

As at December 31, 2015, our debt to capital ratio was 15.0% (2014 – 10.8%) and our debt to EBITDA ratio was 1.99:1 (2014 – 1.3:1).

These policy targets are managed through the repayments and issuances of debt as well as the continuing management of operations and 
capital expenditures.

21 .3 FAIR VALUE ESTIMATION

Fair values are determined directly by reference to published price quotations in an active market, when available, or by using a valuation technique 
that uses inputs observed from relevant markets. 

66    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated21 .  Financial Risk Management (continued)

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

■  Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

■  Level 2 – Inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, but do not qualify as Level 1 inputs (i.e.,quoted prices for similar assets 

or liabilities).

■  Level 3 – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable 

(i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

The only assets measured at fair value as at December 31, 2015 are marketable securities. No liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis 
as at December 31, 2015.

The fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets is based on quoted market prices at the balance sheet date. A market is regarded 
as active if quoted prices are readily and regularly available from an exchange, dealer, broker, industry group, pricing service, or regulatory agency, 
and those prices represent actual and regularly occurring market transactions on an arm’s length basis. The quoted market price used for financial 
assets held by the group is the current bid price. These instruments are included in Level 1. Instruments included in Level 1 comprise primarily publicly 
traded equity investments classified as held-for-trading securities or available-for-sale securities. 

22 .  Commitments

The Company’s contractual obligations, not recorded on the balance sheet, at December 31, 2015, include:

($ thousands) 

Operating leases and capital expenditures 

Purchase obligations 

Totals 

2016 

6,683 

53,136 

59,819 

2017 

4,580 

2,354 

6,934 

2018 

2019 and later

2,221 

63 

2,284 

12,234

126

12,360

Purchase obligations in 2016 relate primarily to sustaining capital expenditures at Kişladağ, mine development projects in Greece, as well as operating 
and maintenance supply contracts at our operating mines.

23 .  Contingencies

The Company is involved in legal proceedings from time to time, arising in the ordinary course of its business. As at December 31, 2015, the amount 
of ultimate liability with respect to these actions will not, in the opinion of management, ma-terially affect Eldorado’s financial position, results of 
operations or cash flows.

24 .  Related Party Transactions

Key management includes directors (executive and non-executive), officers and senior management. The compensation paid or payable to key 
management for employee services, including amortization of share-based payments, is shown below:

($ thousands) 

Salaries and other short-term employee benefits 

Defined benefit pension plan 

Share-based payments 

2015 

 10,106  

 1,670  

 9,188  

20,964  

2014

 13,199 

 1,620 

 12,514 

 27,333

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    67

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
25 .  Financial Instruments by Category

Fair Value
The following table provides the carrying value and the fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2015 and De-cember 31, 2014:

($ thousands) 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

 Carrying amount 

Fair value 

 Carrying amount 

Fair value

Financial Assets 

Available-for-sale  

   Marketable securities 

Loans and receivables 

   Cash and cash equivalents 

   Term deposit 

Restricted cash 

  Accounts receivable and other 

  Other assets 

Financial Liabilities at amortized cost 

   Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

   Debt 

   Other non-current liability 

26 .  Production Costs

($ thousands) 

Labour 

Fuel 

Reagents 

Electricity 

Mining contractors 

Operating and maintenance supplies and services 

Site general and administrative costs 

Inventory change 

Royalties, production taxes and selling expenses 

27 .  Interest and Financing Costs

($ thousands) 

Interest expense 

Financing fees 

Total interest and financing costs 

68    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

 18,331  

 18,331  

 4,251  

 4,251 

 288,189  

 288,189  

 498,514  

 498,514 

 4,382  

 248  

 69,273  

 19,320  

 4,382  

 248  

 69,273  

 19,320  

 2,800  

 262  

 77,617  

 21,893  

 2,800 

 262 

 77,617 

 21,893 

 236,819  

 589,395  

 –  

 236,819  

 526,878  

 –  

 184,712  

 603,544  

 49,194  

 184,712 

 600,221 

 49,194 

2015 

 95,653  

 36,686  

 50,631  

 39,104  

 46,668  

 103,558  

 32,723  

 31,199  

 33,596  

469,818  

2015 

 10,108  

 8,220  

18,328  

2014

 104,118 

 51,152 

 48,570 

 34,865 

 46,745 

 144,281 

 28,664 

 3,238 

46,647 

 508,280 

2014

 23,039 

 5,740 

 28,779 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
28 .  Earnings per Share

The weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purposes of diluted earnings per share reconciles to the weighted average number 
of ordinary shares used in the calculation of basic earnings per share as follows:

(Thousands) 

December 31, 2015 

December 31, 2014

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the calculation 

of basic earnings per share 

Diluted impact of stock options 

 716,586  

 4  

 716,288 

 12 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the calculation 

  of diluted earnings per share 

 716,590  

 716,300

29 .  Segment Information

IDENTIFICATION OF REPORTABLE SEGMENTS

The Company has identified its operating segments based on the internal reports that are reviewed and used by the Chief Executive Officer and the 
executive management (the chief operating decision makers or CODM) in assessing performance and in determining the allocation of resources.

The CODM considers the business from both a geographic and product perspective and assesses the performance of the operating segments based 
on measures of profit and loss as well as assets and liabilities. These measures include operating profit, expenditures on exploration, property, 
plant and equipment and non-current assets, as well as total debt. As at December 31, 2015, Eldorado had six reportable segments based on the 
geographical location of mining and exploration and development activities. 

29 .1 GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS 

Geographically, the operating segments are identified by country and by operating mine or mine under construction. The Turkey reporting segment 
includes the Kişladağ and the Efemçukuru mines and exploration activities in Turkey. The China reporting segment includes the TJS, Jinfeng and 
White Mountain mines, the Eastern Dragon project and exploration activities in China. The Brazil reporting segment includes the Vila Nova mine, 
Tocantinzinho project and exploration activities in Brazil. The Greece reporting segment includes the Stratoni mine, the Olympias, Skouries, Perama 
Hill and Sapes projects and exploration activities in Greece. The Romania reporting segment includes the Certej project and development activities 
in Romania. Other reporting segment includes operations of Eldorado’s corporate office and exploration activities in other countries. 

Financial information about each of these operating segments is reported to the CODM on at least a monthly basis. The mines in each of the 
different segments share similar economic characteristics and have been aggregated accordingly.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    69

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29 .  Segment Information (continued)   

($ thousands) 

Turkey 

China  

Brazil  

Greece 

Romania 

Other 

2015

Total

Information about profit and loss 

Metal sales to external customers 

Production costs 

Inventory write-down 

Depreciation 

Gross profit (loss) 

 443,609  

 384,213  

 214,001  

 217,696  

 –  

 –  

 77,164  

 89,657  

 (399) 

 1,616  

 8,745  

 1,028  

 35,869  

 36,505  

 3,279  

 10,676  

 152,444  

 76,860  

 (11,788) 

 (14,591) 

 –  

 –  

 1  

 (1) 

 –  

 –  

 452  

 863,292 

 469,818 

 12,024 

 178,978 

 (452) 

 202,472 

Other material items of income and expense 

Impairment loss on property, plant and  

and equipment and goodwill 

 –  

 38,699  

 28,233  

 1,559,823  

 254,910  

Other write-down of assets 

Exploration expenses 

Income tax expense (recovery) 

Additions to property, plant and

 6,891  

 5,576  

 6,387  

 1,524  

 61,726  

 37,021  

 3,173  

 1,493  

 5,719  

 –  

 –  

 2,421  

 3,351  

 3,488  

 –  

 –  

 1,881,665 

 16,451 

 17,853 

 (247,722) 

 (41,140) 

 28  

 (184,368)

equipment during the year 

 83,501  

 49,517  

 4,176  

 242,655  

 19,983  

 250  

 400,082 

Information about assets and liabilities 
Property, plant and equipment (1) 
Goodwill 

 898,027  

 1,327,725  

 179,702  

 1,942,419  

 398,147  

 1,739  

 4,747,759 

 –  

 50,276  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 50,276 

898,027  

 1,378,001  

 179,702  

 1,942,419  

 398,147  

 1,739  

 4,798,035 

Debt 

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 –    589,395  

589,395 

(1)    Net of revenues from sale of production from tailings retreatment.

70    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
29 .  Segment Information (continued)

($ thousands) 

Turkey 

China  

Brazil  

Greece 

Romania 

Other 

2014

Total

Information about profit and loss 

Metal sales to external customers 

Production costs 

Inventory write-down 

Depreciation 

Gross profit (loss) 

 524,919  

 460,343  

 207,809  

 227,958  

 –  

 –  

 55,420  

 107,365  

 31,619  

 29,926  

 13,469  

 4,928  

 51,018  

 42,587  

 –  

 8,782  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 1  

 –  

 –  

 –  

 731  

 1,067,899 

 508,280 

 13,469 

 177,227 

 261,690  

 125,020  

 (16,704) 

 (351) 

 (1) 

 (731) 

 368,923 

Other material items of income and expense 

Other write-down of assets 

Exploration expenses 

Income tax expense 

Additions to property, plant and 
equipment during the year 

 –  

 3,415  

 74,959  

 3,001  

 2,682  

 37,263  

 –  

 3,796  

 2,761  

 –  

 1,395  

 6,085  

 –  

 –  

 2,092  

 2,850  

 3,001 

 16,230 

 201  

 –  

 121,269 

 88,844  

 50,410  

 5,399  

 253,685  

 18,730  

 404  

 417,472 

Information about assets and liabilities
Property, plant and equipment (1) 
Goodwill 

 895,035  

 1,407,558  

 205,091  

 2,817,855  

 636,134  

 1,938  

 5,963,611 

 –  

 52,514  

 –  

 473,782  

 –  

 –  

 526,296 

 895,035  

 1,460,072  

 205,091  

 3,291,637  

 636,134  

 1,938  

 6,489,907 

Debt 

 –  

 16,343  

 –  

 –  

 –    587,201  

 603,544 

(1)     Net of revenues from sale of production from tailings retreatment.

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    71

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29 .  Segment Information (continued)   

The Turkey and China segments derive their revenues from sales of gold. The Brazil segment derives its revenue from sales of iron ore. The Greece 
segment derives its revenue from sales of zinc, lead and silver concentrates.

The measure of total debt represents the current and long-term portions of debt.

29 .2 ECONOMIC DEPENDENCE 

At December 31, 2015, each of our Chinese mines had one major customer, to whom each sells its entire production, as follows: 

TJS Mine 
Jinfeng Mine 
White Mountain Mine 

Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter Factory Co. Ltd.of Zhongjin Gold Holding Co. Ltd.
China National Gold Group
Refinery of Shandong Humon Smelting Co. Ltd.

29 .3 SEASONALITY/CYCLICALITY OF OPERATIONS

Management does not consider operations to be of a significant seasonal or cyclical nature.

30 .  EVENTS OCCURRING AFTER THE REPORTING DATE

On January 11, 2016, the Company announced that due to delays on the issuance of routine permits and licences by the Greek authorities, 
that would allow Hellas Gold to complete the construction of the Skouries processing plant, construction and development activities at the Skouries 
project have been suspended. Environmental protection works and care and maintenance activities will continue to be performed in order to 
safeguard the environment and the assets of the Company at site at a cost of approximately $1.0 million per month.

72    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSExpressed in thousands of US dollars, unless otherwise stated 
 
 
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS  
AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

SENIOR MANAGEMENT

Robert Gilmore (1) (2)
Non-executive Chairman of the Board and 
Independent Director

Paul Wright
President and Chief Executive Officer

Jason Cho
VP, Corporate Development

Fabiana Chubbs
Chief Financial Officer

Paul Skayman
Chief Operating Officer

Dawn Moss
Executive VP Administration 
and Corporate Secretary

K . Ross Cory (1) (3)
Independent Director

Pamela Gibson (3) (4)
Independent Director

Geoffrey Handley (2) (4)
Independent Director

Michael Price (1) (4)
Independent Director

Steven Reid (2) (4)
Independent Director

Jonathan Rubenstein (2) (3)
Independent Director

Donald Shumka (1) (3)
Independent Director

John Webster (1)
Independent Director

Paul Wright
President and Chief Executive Officer

Committees of the Board of Directors
(1)  Audit Committee
(2)  Compensation Committee
(3)  Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee
(4)  Sustainability Committee

Dale Churcher
VP, Engineering

Doug Jones
Senior VP, Operations

Peter Lewis
VP, Exploration

Krista Muhr
VP, Investor Relations and  
Corporate Communications

David Bickford
VP and General Manager, Turkey

Eduardo Moura
VP and General Manager, Greece

Lincoln Silva
VP and General Manager, Brazil

Nicolae Stanca
VP and General Manager, Romania

Shane Williams
VP, Capital Projects

Jacinta Zaleski
VP, Human Resources

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    73

 
 
 
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

STOCK EXCHANGES
Eldorado is traded on the Toronto Stock 
Exchange (TSX: ELD) and on the New York 
Stock Exchange (NYSE: EGO)

ANNUAL SHAREHOLDERS 
MEETING
May 25, 2016 
3:00pm Pacific Time

INVESTOR CONTACT 
INFORMATION
For inquiries related to Eldorado Gold’s 
operating activities and financial performance:

Krista Muhr 
Vice President Investor Relations 
604 687 4018 
info@eldoradogold.com

For inquiries related to shares, dividends or 
change of address:

Computershare Investor Services  
1 800 564 6253 
www-us.computershare.com/Investor/ 
Contact/Enquiry  

Vancouver Club 
915 West Hastings Street 
Vancouver, BC  V6C 1C6

TRANSFER AGENT AND  
REGISTRAR
Computershare Investor Services  
100 University Avenue 
8th Floor, North Tower 
Toronto, Ontario  M5J 2Y1

AUDITORS
KPMG LLP 
Vancouver, BC

LEGAL COUNSEL
Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP 
Vancouver, BC  Canada 

Dorsey & Whitney LLP 
Denver, CO  USA

SOURCES OF SHAREHOLDER 
INFORMATION
These financials are one of several sources of 
information for shareholders of Eldorado Gold 
Corporation. Other sources include:

■  The comparative interim financial 
statements published quarterly.

■  The Management Proxy Circular describing 
the matters to be considered at the Annual 
Meeting of Shareholders.

■  The Annual Information Form, Form 40-F 
and other corporate and continuous 
disclosure documents available on the 
Company’s website, the SEDAR website 
(www.sedar.com) and the US Securities 
and Exchange Commission website  
(www.sec.gov).

Section 303A.11 of the NYSE Listed Company 
Manual permits foreign private issuers to 
follow home country practices in lieu of 
certain provisions of the NYSE Listed Company 
Manual. A foreign private issuer that follows 
home country practices in lieu of certain 
provision of the NYSE Listed Company Manual 
must disclose any significant ways in which 
its corporate governance practices differ 
from those followed by domestic companies. 
A description of the significant ways in which 
the Company’s governance practices differ 
from those followed by domestic companies 
pursuant to the NYSE Listed Company 
Manual is available on the Company’s website 
at www.eldoradogold.com. 

COMPANY FILINGS
www.sedar.com 
www.sec.gov

74    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

CORPORATE INFORMATION 

Canada (Head Office)

Greece

Eldorado Gold Corporation 
1188 Bentall 5 
550 Burrard Street 
Vancouver, BC  V6C 2B5   Canada

Tel:   604 687 4018 
Fax:  604 687 4026 
Toll-free: 1 888 353 8166

Hellas Gold SA & Thracean  
Gold Mining SA 
23A Vasilissis Sofias Avenue 
Athens 
10674   Greece  

Tel:   30 214 687 0000 
Fax:  30 214 687 0095

Turkey

Brazil

Tüprag Metal Madencilik  
Sanayive Ticaret A.S. 
Iran Caddesi 
Turan Emeksiz Sok. No. 1 
06700 Gaziosmanpasa 
Ankara   Turkey 

Tel:  90 312 468 4536  
Fax:  90 312 468 2646

China

Eldorado Gold Corporation 
Room 1001, West Tower 
LG Twin Towers 
B-12 Jianguomenwai Avenue  
Chaoyang District, Beijing 
100022   China

Tel:   86 10 5828 7966  
Fax:  86 10 5828 7967

Unamgen Mineração e Metalurgia S/A 
Avenida Olegário Maciel  
1846 – Santo Agostinho 
Belo Horizonte, MG 
CEP 30180-112   Brazil

Tel:   55 31 2101 3753 
Fax:  55 31 2101 3758

Romania

Deva Gold SA 
No. 9 Dragos Voda Street 
BL. 28, SC. A-B 
Deva, Hunedoara County 
330034   Romania

Tel:   40 25 423 3680 
Fax:  40 25 423 3682

Eldorado Gold Financials 2015    75

CAUTIONARY NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION

Certain statements and information in this Report, including all statements that are not historical facts, are forward-looking statements and forward-looking information within the meaning 
of applicable US and Canadian securities laws. Such forward-looking statements or information include, but are not limited to, statements or information with respect to our strategy, plans, 
goals, outlook, financial disclosure; our future financial and operating performance, price of gold and other commodities, cash flow, cash costs, targets, production and expenditures; our 
mineral reserve and resource estimates; and our proposed mine development (including permitting), exploration, acquisitions, our expectation as to future performance at our mines and 
other events and developments that have not yet happened. Often, these statements include words such as “plans”, “expects” or  “does not expect”, “is expected”, “budget”, “scheduled”, 
“estimates”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “anticipates” or “does not anticipate” or “believes” or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results “may”, 
“could”, “would”, “might” or “will” be taken, occur or be achieved. 

With respect to forward-looking statements and information included in this Report, we have made numerous assumptions, estimates and opinions that may prove to be incorrect, including 
among other things, assumptions about the price of gold and other commodities; exchange rates; anticipated costs and expenditures; production, mineral reserves and resources and 
metallurgical recoveries; the impact of acquisitions, dispositions, suspensions or delays on our business; the political and economic environment in which we operate; and the ability to achieve 
our goals. Even though our management believes that the assumptions made and the expectations represented by such statements or information are reasonable, there is no assurance that 
the forward-looking statements or information will prove to be accurate. By their nature, forward-looking statements and information are based on assumptions and involve known and 
unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to be materially different from future results, performance 
or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements or information. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, among other things, the following:   

•  regulatory restrictions, including environmental regulatory restrictions and liability, including actual costs of reclamation; 
•  risks of operating in foreign countries, including controls, regulations, changes in mining regimes or governments and political or economic developments in the countries in which 

we currently or may in the future conduct business; 

•  changes in law and regulatory requirements, including permitting, foreign investment, environmental, tax and health and safety laws and regulations;
•  title, permitting and licensing risks, including the risks of obtaining and maintaining the validity and enforceability of necessary permits and licenses, the timing of obtaining and renewing 

such permits and licenses, and risks of defective title to mineral property; 

•  competition for mineral properties and merger and acquisition targets;
•  environmental risks, including use and transport of regulated substances;
• 

infrastructure, water, energy, equipment  and other input availability and durability, and their cost and impact on capital and operating costs, exploration, development and 
production schedules;

•  volatility of global and local economic climate; 
•  community and non-governmental actions and regulatory risks, including the possibility of a shutdown at any of our operations;
•  ability to maintain positive relationships with the communities we operate in and loss of reputation;
•  gold and other metal price volatility and the impact of any related hedging activities;
•  subjectivity of estimating mineral resources and reserves and the reliance on available data and assumptions and judgments used in interpretation of such data and depletion of grades 

or quantities of reserves;

•  discrepancies between actual and estimated production, mineral reserves and resources and metallurgical recoveries; 
•  speculative and uncertain nature of gold and other mineral exploration;
•  development, mining and operational risk, including timing, hazards and losses that are uninsured or uninsurable;
•  risks of not meeting production and cost targets or estimates;
•  the loss of key employees and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel and labour disputes; 
•  prices for energy inputs, labour, material costs, supplies and services (including shipping) remaining consistent with expectations; 
•  risk associated with joint ventures;
• 
•  currency exchange fluctuations and the impact of any related hedging activities;
•  risks associated with maintaining substantial levels of indebtedness, including potential financial constraints on operations, interest rate risk and credit rating risk;
•  the risks that the integration of acquired businesses may take longer than expected, the anticipated benefits of the integration may be less than estimated or the costs of acquisition may 

increased capital requirements and the ability to obtain financing;

be higher than anticipated;

•  the impact of acquisitions and dispositions, monetization, mergers and other business combinations and transactions, including effect of changes in our portfolio of projects on our 

operations, capital requirements, and financial condition and ability to complete acquisitions; 
litigation risks, including the uncertainties inherent in current and future legal challenges we are, or may become, a party to;

• 
•  share capital dilution and share price volatility;
•  taxation, including change in tax laws and interpretations of tax laws;
•  failure, security breaches or disruption of our information technology systems; and
•  risks related to natural disasters and climate change.

See our Annual Information Form and our quarterly and annual MD&A for additional information on risks, uncertainties and other factors relating to the forward-looking statements and 
information. Although we have attempted to identify factors that would cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those disclosed in the forward-looking statements or 
information, there may be other factors that cause actual results, performances, achievements or events not to be anticipated, estimated or intended. Also, many of the factors are beyond 
our control. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information. We undertake no obligation to reissue or update forward-looking statements 
or information as a result of new information or events after the date of this Report except as may be required by law. All forward-looking statements and information made in this document 
are qualified by this cautionary statement.

Cautionary Note about Production Outlook, Guidance and Estimates
Readers are cautioned that production outlook, guidance and estimates are subject to a variety of factors that are likely to cause actual results to vary from our estimates, and such variations 
may be material. Forward-looking information generally involves risks and uncertainties as described above which are, in many instances, beyond our control, including: (i) global and local 
economic conditions; (ii) pricing and cost factors; (iii) unanticipated events or changes in current development plans, execution of development plans, future operating results, financial 
conditions or other aspects of our business over time; and (iv) unfavourable regulatory developments, that could cause actual events and results to vary significantly from those included in or 
contemplated by such statements. The production outlook, guidance and estimates reflect certain assumptions by us, which assumptions may differ with respect to future events, economic, 
competitive and regulatory conditions, financial market conditions and future business decisions, including, without limitation, a continuation of existing business operations on substantially 
the same basis as currently exists all of which assumptions are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Accordingly, there is no assurance that the outlook, guidance and 
estimates are indicative of our future performance or that actual results would not differ materially from those in the outlook, guidance and estimates.

Cautionary Note to US Investors Concerning Estimates of Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resources
The terms “mineral resource”, “measured mineral resource”, “indicated mineral resource”, “inferred mineral resource” used herein are Canadian mining terms used in accordance 
with National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) under the guidelines set out in the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and 
Petroleum (the “CIM”) Standards on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves, adopted by the CIM Council, as may be amended from time to time. These definitions differ from the 
definitions in the United States Securities & Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Industry Guide 7. In the United States, a mineral reserve is defined as a part of a mineral deposit which could 
be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time the mineral reserve determination is made.

While the terms “mineral resource”, “measured mineral resource,” “indicated mineral resource”, and “inferred mineral resource” are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, 
they are not defined terms under standards in the United States and normally are not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. As such, information 
contained herein concerning descriptions of mineralization and resources under Canadian standards may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies in 
SEC filings. With respect to “indicated mineral resource” and “inferred mineral resource”, there is a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence and a great uncertainty as to their 
economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of a “measured mineral resource”, “indicated mineral resource” or “inferred mineral resource” will ever be upgraded 
to a higher category. Accordingly, information herein containing descriptions of our mineral deposits may not be comparable to similar information made public by US companies subject to 
the reporting and disclosure requirements under US federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

76    Eldorado Gold Financials 2015

CORPORATE INFORMATION 

Canada (Head Office)

Greece

Eldorado Gold Corporation 
1188 Bentall 5 
550 Burrard Street 
Vancouver, BC  V6C 2B5   Canada

Tel:   604 687 4018 
Fax:  604 687 4026 
Toll-free: 1 888 353 8166

Hellas Gold SA & Thracean  
Gold Mining SA 
23A Vasilissis Sofias Avenue 
Athens 
10674   Greece  

Tel:   30 214 687 0000 
Fax:  30 214 687 0095

Turkey

Brazil

Unamgen Mineração e Metalurgia S/A 
Avenida Olegário Maciel  
1846 – Santo Agostinho 
Belo Horizonte, MG 
CEP 30180-112   Brazil

Tel:   55 31 2101 3753 
Fax:  55 31 2101 3758

Romania

Deva Gold SA 
No . 9 Dragos Voda Street 
BL . 28, SC . A-B 
Deva, Hunedoara County 
330034   Romania

Tel:   40 25 423 3680 
Fax:  40 25 423 3682

Tüprag Metal Madencilik  
Sanayive Ticaret A.S. 
Iran Caddesi 
Turan Emeksiz Sok . No . 1 
06700 Gaziosmanpasa 
Ankara   Turkey 

Tel:  90 312 468 4536  
Fax:  90 312 468 2646

China

Eldorado Gold Corporation 
Room 1001, West Tower 
LG Twin Towers 
B-12 Jianguomenwai Avenue  
Chaoyang District, Beijing 
100022   China

Tel:   86 10 5828 7966  
Fax:  86 10 5828 7967

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Eldorado Gold Corporation
1188 Bentall 5
550 Burrard Street
Vancouver, BC  V6C 2B5 Canada

Tel: +1 604 687 4018
Fax: +1 604 687 4026
Toll-free: +1 888 353 8166
eldoradogold.com

TSX: ELD
NYSE: EGO