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EnWave

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FY2023 Annual Report · EnWave
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Enwell Energy plc 
Registered number 4462555 

Annual Report and Financial Statements  

for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
Contents 

Strategic Report 

-  Highlights 

-  Chairman’s Statement 

-  Chief Executive’s Statement 

- 

Business Model  

-  Our Strategic Priorities   

-  Overview of Assets  

-  Overview of Reserves 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Finance Review 

Key Performance Indicators 

Sustainability 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Statement Under S172(1) of the Companies Act 2006 

Corporate Governance 

Board of Directors 

Corporate Governance Statement 

Directors’ Report 

Independent Auditors’ Report 

Financials 

Consolidated Income Statement 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Company Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Balance Sheet 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 

Company Balance Sheet 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

Company Cash Flow Statement 

Notes forming part of the financial statements 

Corporate Information 

Glossary 

1 

2 

4 

7 

10 

12 

14 

17 

20 

23 

24 

28 

36 

39 

41 

47 

50 

57 

58 

58 

59 

60 

61 

62 

63 

64 

65 

109 

110 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report 

Highlights 

Operational 

•  Aggregate average daily production of 2,644 boepd (calculated on the days when the Group’s fields 
were actually in production) (2022: 2,956 boepd (calculated on the days when the Group’s fields were 
actually in production)) 

•  Aggregate production volumes for the year of 885,610 boe (not adjusted for days when the Group’s 
fields were off production) (2022: 965,730 boe (not adjusted for days when the Group’s fields were off 
production) 

•  GOL-107 development well completed in Q4 2023 and is undergoing long-term test production 

Financial 

•  Revenue of $62.2 million (2022: $133.4 million), down 53%, primarily as a result of lower production 

rates and gas prices  

•  Gross profit of $39.0 million (2022: $85.9 million), down 55% 

•  Operating profit of $35.5 million (2022: $75.8 million), down 53%, predominantly as a result of lower 

production rates and gas prices 

•  Net profit of $26.5 million (2022: $60.2 million), down 56% 

•  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  $76.5  million  as  at  31  December  2023  (2022:  $88.7  million),  and  of 

$91.0 million as at 27 May 2024   

•  Average  realised  gas,  condensate  and  LPG  prices  in  Ukraine  were 

lower  at  $394/Mm3 
(UAH14,426/Mm3),  $71/bbl  and  $98/boe  respectively  (2022:  $960/Mm3  (UAH30,341/Mm3)  gas, 
$73/bbl condensate and $143/boe LPG)  

• 

Interim dividend of 15 pence per ordinary share, £48.1 million in aggregate, paid in June 2023 (2022: 
nil) 

Outlook 

•  The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has had a significant impact on all aspects of life 
in Ukraine, including the Group’s business and operations. The scale and duration of disruption to the 
Group’s business continues to be difficult to predict, and there remains significant uncertainty about 
the outcome of the war in Ukraine 

• 

In April and May 2023, the Ukrainian authorities took a number of regulatory actions against the Group, 
which  included  the  suspension  of  the  VAS  production  licence  and  SC  exploration  licence,  and 
consequently all work at these licences was suspended 

•  Subject to the resolution of the regulatory issues and the Group’s ability to operate safely, development 
work planned for the remainder of 2024 and 2025 at the MEX-GOL and SV fields includes deepening 
the MEX-109 well to explore a deeper horizon, investigating the hydraulic fracturing of the SV-29 well, 
planning a workover of the MEX-102 well to access a shallower horizon, evaluating the potential for 
sidetracking  of  the  MEX-119  well  to  access  additional  reserves,  installing  additional  compression 
equipment and upgrading the flow-line network and other field infrastructure 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•  Further work on the VAS field and SC licence area will remain suspended until there is a resolution of 

the regulatory issues, including the lifting of the suspension orders 

•  Currently, the Group retains a substantial proportion of its cash outside Ukraine, which enhances the 
Group’s  ability  to  navigate  the  current  risk  environment  for  the  foreseeable  future,  and  provides  a 
material buffer to any further disruptions to the Group’s operations 

•  The Group’s development programme for the remainder of 2024 and 2025 is expected to be funded 

from existing cash resources and operational cash flow 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Statement  

I am pleased to present the 2023 Annual Report and Financial Statements but wish that circumstances were 
different. The invasion of  Ukraine by Russia in February 2022  and the ongoing conflict  has created  a very 
challenging and worrying outlook for both the current and future situation in Ukraine, and I am greatly saddened 
by the terrible events occurring there.  

The ongoing war has had a significant impact on all aspects of life in Ukraine, including the Group’s business 
and operations. The overall scale and duration of disruption to the Group’s business continues to be difficult 
to predict, and there remains significant uncertainty about the outcome of the war. 

Notwithstanding the disruption caused by the war, during 2023, the Group continued with some development 
activities  at  the  MEX-GOL  and  SV  fields,  as  well  as  some  operations  at  the  VAS  field  and  SC  exploration 
licence  area until regulatory action by the Ukrainian  authorities  in May  2023 required the suspension of  all 
activities at both the VAS field and SC licence. At the MEX-GOL field, the GOL-107 development well was 
completed in late October 2023, and initial testing demonstrated gas flows from the well, albeit at lower than 
anticipated  rates.  The  well  has  been  hooked  up  to  the  gas  processing  facilities  for  longer-term  testing  to 
establish  optimal  operating  parameters  and  to  assess  whether  stimulation  may  improve  production  rates. 
Additionally, at the MEX-GOL field, planning continued for the deepening of the MEX-109 well to explore a 
deeper horizon, a workover of the MEX-102 well to access a shallower horizon and evaluating the potential for 
sidetracking of the MEX-119 well to access additional reserves. At the SV field, hydraulic fracturing of the SV-
29 development well is being considered.  

Aggregate average daily production (calculated for the days when the fields were actually on production) from 
the MEX-GOL, SV and VAS fields during the year was 2,644 boepd, which is lower than the aggregate daily 
production rate of 2,956 boepd achieved during 2022 due to the disruption caused by the war, natural field 
decline and the suspension of the VAS field operations in May 2023. The aggregate production volumes for 
the year were 885,610 boe (not adjusted for days when the fields were off production), which is lower than the 
aggregate production volumes of 965,730 boe in 2022 for the same reasons.   

There was also a significant decline in gas prices during the year causing revenues to decline to $62.2 million 
(2022: $133.4 million). The Group’s net profit was lower at $26.5 million (2022: $60.2 million) and operating 
profit was  lower at $35.5  million (2022:  $75.8 million). Cash  generated from operations  increased to $62.9 
million (2022: $47.5 million), predominantly due to the recovery of receivables which had built up over previous 
periods.   

Whilst  the  Group’s  operational  activities  continued  broadly  in  line  with  2022,  development  activity  was 
significantly impacted by the increase in risks faced by the Group in Ukraine. 

There is significant disruption to the fiscal and economic environment in Ukraine due to the ongoing conflict, 
but during 2023, growth returned to the economy and the inflation rate declined, although the Ukrainian Hryvnia 
weakened further against other currencies. It is likely that fiscal and economic uncertainties will continue in the 
future until hostilities cease. 

The Ukrainian Government has implemented a number of reforms in the oil and gas sector in recent years, 
which include the deregulation of the gas supply market in late 2015, and subsequently, simplification of the 
regulatory procedures applicable to oil and gas exploration and production activities in Ukraine.   

The deregulation of the gas supply market, supported by electronic gas trading platforms and improved pricing 
transparency, has meant that Ukrainian market prices for gas are broadly correlated with the price of imported 
gas.  During  2023,  Ukrainian  gas  prices  weakened,  reflecting  a  similar  trend  in  European  gas  prices,  as 
disruption  to  worldwide  oil  and  gas  supplies  eased.  Condensate  and  LPG  prices  were  also  lower  by 
comparison to the previous year for the same reason. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring of Smart Holding Group 

In January 2023, the Company was notified that there had been a restructuring of the ownership of the PJSC 
Smart-Holding Group, a member of which held a major shareholding in the Company, and which was ultimately 
controlled by Mr Vadym Novynskyi (“Mr Novynskyi”). Under this restructuring, which occurred with effect from 
1 December 2022, Mr Novynskyi disposed of his major indirect shareholding interest in the Company to two 
trusts registered in Cyprus named the SMART Trust and the STEP Trust. Further information is contained in 
the Company’s announcement dated 17 January 2023, and the TR-1 Forms published on 26 January 2023, 
31 July 2023 and 20 March 2024. 

Regulatory Actions by Ukrainian Authorities and Suspension of VAS and SC Licences 

In early December 2022, the Ukrainian Government imposed sanctions on Mr Novynskyi, as set out in the 
Company’s announcement dated 9 December 2022.  

As announced on 4 January 2023, new legislation, Law No. 2805-IX, relating to the natural resources sector 
was enacted in Ukraine, which came into force on 28 March 2023. This legislation is a substantial package of 
new  procedures  and  reforms  designed  to  improve  the  regulatory  process  relating  to  the  exploration  and 
development of natural resources in Ukraine. However, the legislation includes provisions that if the ultimate 
beneficial owner of a mineral or hydrocarbon licence becomes the subject of sanctions in Ukraine, then  the 
State Geologic and Subsoil Survey of Ukraine (the “SGSS”) may suspend or revoke that licence.  

Following Law No. 2805-IX coming into force on 28 March 2023, the Ukrainian authorities have taken a number 
of regulatory actions against certain of the Group’s subsidiary companies in Ukraine. 

As announced on 12 April 2023, such regulatory actions included conducting a search at the Group’s Yakhnyky 
office,  from  where  the  MEX-GOL  and  SV  fields  are  operated,  and  placing  certain  physical  assets  of  the 
Ukrainian branch (representative) office of Regal Petroleum Corporation Limited (“RPC”) and LLC Arkona Gas-
Energy (“Arkona”) (which respectively hold the MEX-GOL and SV fields and the SC exploration licence) under 
seizure, thereby restricting any actions that would change registration of the property  rights relating to such 
assets,  although  the  use  of  such  assets  was  not  restricted  and  therefore  the  Company  has  been  able  to 
continue  to  operate  and  produce  gas  and  condensate  from  the  MEX-GOL  and  SV  fields.  In  addition,  the 
Ministry of Justice of Ukraine (the “MoJ”) made an Order cancelling the registration entry made on behalf of a 
subsidiary of the Company named LLC Regal Petroleum Corporation (Ukraine) Limited  in the Unified State 
Register  of  Legal  Entities,  Individuals–entrepreneurs  and  Civil  Institutions  of  Ukraine  (the  “State  Register”) 
relating  to the ultimate beneficial owners of such company, which were stated as  being the trustees of the 
SMART Trust and STEP Trust as previously notified to the Company, thereby restoring the previous entry in 
the State Register, Mr Novynskyi. Furthermore, the SGSS issued an Order to RPC requiring that additional 
information  be  provided and/or violations  be eliminated in  the  disclosures relating to the ultimate beneficial 
owners of the MEX-GOL and SV licences respectively. 

On 2 May 2023, the MoJ made further Orders cancelling the registration entry made on behalf of three further 
Ukrainian  subsidiaries  of  the  Company  named  LLC  Prom-Enerho  Produkt  (“PEP”),  Arkona  and  LLC  Well 
Investum (“Well Investum”) respectively in the State Register relating to the ultimate beneficial owners of such 
companies,  which  again  were  stated  as  being  the  trustees  of  the  SMART  Trust  and  STEP  Trust,  thereby 
restoring  the  previous entry,  Mr  Novynskyi.  PEP  holds  the  VAS  production  licence,  Arkona  holds  the  SC 
exploration licence and Well Investum is a dormant company. 

Following the issuance of the abovementioned Orders by the MoJ,  Mr Novynskyi is registered  in the State 
Register as the ultimate beneficial owner of each of PEP and Arkona, and is consequently recognised by the 
SGSS as the ultimate beneficial owner of each of the VAS production licence and SC exploration licence. As 
a result, on 4 May 2023, the SGSS issued orders suspending the VAS production licence and SC exploration 
licence  for  a  period  of  5  years  effective  from  that  date.  Accordingly,  the  Company  ceased  all  field  and 
production operations on the VAS and SC licence areas. 

In July 2023, new legislation was introduced in Ukraine, which will come into force in September 2024, and 
which  requires  that  branches  (or  representative  offices)  of  foreign  companies  operating  in  Ukraine  register 
their ultimate beneficial owners in Ukrainian Registries. Regal Petroleum Corporation Ltd ("RPC"), which holds 

5 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the MEX-GOL and SV licences, operates such a branch and will therefore be required to register its ultimate 
beneficial owners from the implementation of this law, which raises a potential risk that such registration will 
not be accepted by the Ukrainian authorities, and possibly result in regulatory action against RPC and/or its 
licences and assets, including suspension of the MEX-GOL and SV licences. 

Interim Dividend 

On  15  June  2023,  the  Company  paid  an  interim  dividend  of  15  pence  per  ordinary  share,  aggregating  to 
approximately  £48.1  million,  which  was  the  Company’s  maiden  dividend  payment  to  its  shareholders.  The 
Company has not declared any further dividends since then. 

Board and Management Changes 

In March 2024, Chris Hopkinson stepped down as Non-Executive Chairman of the Board, and Sergii Glazunov 
stepped down as Chief Executive Officer and a Director, and I joined the Board as Non-Executive Chairman 
and Igor Basai joined the Board as a Non-Executive Director.   

In addition, Oleksiy Zayets was appointed as Interim Chief Executive Officer.  

On  behalf  of  the  Board,  I  would  like  to  thank  Chris  and  Sergii  for  their  valued  contributions  during  their 
respective tenures with the Company, and to welcome Igor to the Board.   

Outlook 

The  ongoing  war  in  Ukraine  creates  a  devastating  humanitarian  situation  in  Ukraine,  as  well  as  extreme 
challenges to the fiscal, economic and business environment. This  has been  exacerbated in respect of the 
Group by the regulatory actions of the Ukrainian authorities, culminating in the suspension of the VAS and SC 
licences.  

Under these circumstances, it is extremely difficult to plan future investment and operational activities at the 
Group’s fields. However, subject to resolution of the current regulatory issues with the Ukrainian authorities, 
and it being safe to do so, the Group is planning to undertake further limited development activities during the 
remainder of 2024 and beyond in order to continue the development of its fields.  In doing so, the Group  is 
taking and will take all measures available to protect and safeguard its personnel and business, with the safety 
and wellbeing of its personnel and contractors being paramount. The Group retains a significant proportion of 
its cash reserves outside Ukraine, and this provides a material buffer to any further disruptions to the Group’s 
operations. This has enabled the Board to reach the opinion that the Group has sufficient resources to navigate 
the current risk environment for the foreseeable future. 

In conclusion, on behalf of the Board, I would like to thank all of our staff for their continued dedication and 
support during 2023, especially their remarkable fortitude during the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. 

Chuck Valceschini  
Chairman 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Executive’s Statement 

Introduction 

The  war  in  Ukraine  has  materially  disrupted  the  Group’s  development  activity  at  its  Ukrainian  fields  during 
2023. During the year, production operations and some development activities continued at the MEX-GOL and 
SV fields, and this enabled the completion of the GOL-107 development well in late October 2023. After initial 
testing of this well demonstrated gas flows, albeit at lower than expected rates, the well was hooked up to the 
gas  processing  facilities  to  undergo  longer-term  testing  to  establish  its  optimal  operating  parameters  and 
assess whether stimulation of the well may improve flow rates.   

At  the  VAS  field,  production  operations  continued  until  May  2023,  when  the  VAS  production  licence  was 
suspended  by  the  Ukrainian  authorities.  The  SC  exploration  licence  was  also  suspended  in  May  2023. 
Consequently, all work at both licence areas has remained suspended since then. 

Overall production in 2023 was lower than in 2022 due to the disruption to production operations caused by 
the war in Ukraine, natural field decline and the suspension of the VAS production licence. 

Quality, Health, Safety and Environment (“QHSE”) 

The Group is committed to maintaining the highest QHSE standards and the effective management of these 
areas is an intrinsic element of its overall business ethos. The Group’s QHSE policies and performance are 
overseen by the Health, Safety and Environment Committee. Through strict enforcement of the Group’s QHSE 
policies,  together  with  regular  management  meetings,  training  and  the  appointment  of  dedicated  safety 
professionals, the Group strives to ensure that the impact of its business activities on its staff, contractors and 
the  environment  is  as  low  as  is  reasonably  practicable.  The  Group  reports  safety  and  environmental 
performance in accordance with industry practice and guidelines. 

I am pleased to report that during 2023, a total of 397,997 man-hours of staff and contractor time were recorded 
without a Lost Time Incident occurring. The total number of safe man-hours now stands at over 5 million man-
hours without a Lost Time Incident. No environmental incidents were recorded during the year.   

Production 

The average daily production of gas, condensate and LPG for the 2023 year from the MEX-GOL and SV fields 
(351 days in 2022) and for the 124 days in 2023 (147 days in 2022) that the VAS field was producing, is shown 
below:  

Field 

Gas 
(MMscf/d) 

Condensate 
(bbl/d) 

LPG 
(bbl/d) 

Aggregate  
boepd 

2023 

2022 

2023 

2022 

2023 

2022 

2023 

2022 

MEX-
GOL & 
SV  

9.5 

11.0 

368 

445 

379 

318 

2,314 

2,604 

VAS 

1.7 

1.8 

18 

18 

- 

- 

330 

352 

Total 

11.2 

12.8 

386 

463 

379 

318 

2,644 

2,956 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As a result of the continued operational disruptions caused by the war and deferment of development work, 
the Group’s average daily production rate for the 2023 year has been materially adversely affected. In addition, 
as announced on 4 May 2023, as a result of regulatory actions by the Ukrainian authorities, the VAS production 
licence and the SC exploration licence have been suspended for a period of five years. 

Aggregate production volumes for the year were 885,610 boe (not adjusted for days when the fields were off 
production), which is lower than the aggregate production volumes of 965,730 boe in 2022 for the reasons set 
out above.   

Nevertheless,  production  is  currently  continuing  at  the  MEX-GOL  and  SV  fields  at  a  rate  of  approximately 
2,000 boepd.    

Operations 

The war in Ukraine has significantly affected fiscal and economic stability in Ukraine, and the oil and gas sector 
in  Ukraine  has  been  particularly  affected  by  interruptions  to  power  supplies,  the  unavailability  of  oil  field 
equipment and services and disruptions to the markets for the sale of gas, condensate and LPG. In addition, 
the  decrease  in  gas  prices  in  Europe  fed  through  to  the  Group’s  realised  prices  in  Ukraine,  impacting  the 
Group’s revenues and profitability during the year.  

During 2023, the Group continued to refine its geological subsurface models of the MEX-GOL, SV and VAS 
fields, as well as the SC licence area, in order to enhance its strategy for the further development of such fields 
and licence area, including the timing and level of future capital investment required to exploit the hydrocarbon 
resources.   

At the MEX-GOL and SV fields, the GOL-107 development well, targeting production from the V-20 and V-23 
Visean formations, was completed in late October 2023. The well was spudded in December 2022 and drilled 
to  a  final  depth  of  5,190  metres.  One  interval,  at  a  drilled  depth  of  5,140  -  5,143  metres,  within  the  V-23 
formation,  was  perforated  and  demonstrated  gas  flows,  but  at  lower  than  anticipated  rates.  The  well  was 
hooked  up  to  the  gas  processing  facilities  to  undergo  longer-term  testing  to  establish  its  optimal  operating 
parameters and assess whether stimulation of the well may improve flow rates.   

The Group continued to operate each of the SV-2 and SV-12 wells under joint venture agreements with NJSC 
Ukrnafta,  the  majority  State-owned  oil  and  gas  producer.  Under  the  agreements,  the  gas  and  condensate 
produced from the respective wells is sold under an equal net profit sharing arrangement between the Group 
and  NJSC  Ukrnafta,  with  the  Group  accounting  for  the  hydrocarbons  produced  and  sold  from  the  wells  as 
revenue, and the net profit share due to NJSC Ukrnafta being treated as a lease expense in cost  of sales. 
However, following the SV-2 well experiencing water ingress, a workover of this well was undertaken to replace 
the production string and remove obstructions in the well, but this work was unsuccessful and the well is now 
shut in, and further remedial work is not being considered at the present time. 

At  the  VAS  field,  production  operations  continued  until  May  2023,  when  the  Ukrainian  authorities  took 
regulatory action to suspend the VAS licence for a period of five years. 

Similarly, the SC exploration licence was suspended by the Ukrainian authorities in May 2023 for a period of 
five years. 

Outlook   

The ongoing war in Ukraine has caused significant disruption to the country as a whole and to the Group’s 
business activities, and until there  is a resolution to the conflict, the disruption  and uncertainty are likely to 
continue. However, subject to resolution of the current regulatory issues with the Ukrainian authorities and it 
being safe to do so, during the remainder of 2024 and 2025, the Group plans to continue the development of 
its fields to the extent it is possible to do so.  

At the MEX-GOL and SV fields, the development programme includes deepening the MEX-109 well to explore 
a deeper horizon in the Visean formation, investigating the hydraulic fracturing of the SV-29 well, planning a 
workover of the MEX-102 well to access a shallower horizon, evaluating the potential for sidetracking of the 

8 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
MEX-119 well to access additional reserves, installing additional compression equipment and upgrading and 
maintaining the flow-line network and pipelines and other field infrastructure, as well as planning for the further 
development of the fields. 

Further  work  on  the  VAS  and  SC  licence  areas  will  remain  suspended  until  there  is  a  resolution  of  the 
regulatory issues, including the lifting of the suspension orders made in respect of those licences. 

Finally, I would like to add my thanks to all of our staff for the continued hard work and dedication they have 
shown over the course of 2023, and to especially recognise their continuing efforts and professionalism in the 
face of the extremely challenging current situation in Ukraine. 

Oleksiy Zayets  
Interim Chief Executive Officer 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business Model 

Activities  

Exploration 
We aim to identify new  opportunities within  our fields by accurate geological and geophysical  analysis and 
modelling to achieve a high probability of success 

Appraisal 
We pursue methodical analysis and review of drilling results to refine our subsurface models and ensure that 
discoveries are adequately appraised prior to development 

Development 
We carefully plan our development activities using tailored drilling techniques and extraction processes so as 
to fully exploit our reserve base, safely and economically 

Production 
We continually monitor production results to manage reservoir performance and maximise extraction rates, as 
well as reviewing processing facilities to optimise recoveries  

Resources 

Large and growing reserves 
Our  proved  and  probable  (2P)  reserves  are  approximately  58  MMboe  and  will  be  commercialised  through 
careful and incremental development 

Cutting edge technology 
We  use  modern,  innovative  technology  and  processes  in  our  development  activities,  and  encourage  the 
investigation and adoption of new methods by our staff 

Detailed budgeting process 
A detailed budgeting process is essential to cost forecasting and performance discipline and to enable fiscal 
control of our business 

Highly experienced team 
We have well qualified and experienced technical management to plan and supervise operational activities.  
Additionally, we engage with suitably qualified local and international geological, geophysical and engineering 
experts and contractors to supplement and broaden the pool of expertise available to us 

100% operatorship of assets 
Through our 100% operatorship of our fields, we have the ability to maintain rigidly monitored planning and 
operational discipline, and can promptly modify plans and schedules should adverse economic, operational or 
other issues arise  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stakeholders 

Employees 
We aim to be a model employer, with high reputational and behavioural standards, safe operational working 
conditions and clearly structured career opportunities and progression for employees 

Government 
We adopt and maintain best industry standards to fully exploit hydrocarbons resources for consumption within 
Ukraine, and support the development of the oil and gas industry in Ukraine 

Investors 
We  maintain  disciplined  operational  and  financial  management  to  deliver  strong  growth,  successful 
development of reserves and profitable results 

Local community 
We  embed  corporate  and  social  responsibility  throughout  our  business  activities,  and  contribute  to  and 
participate  in  local  community  and  countrywide  social  and  welfare  programmes,  including  material 
humanitarian aid to provide support during the ongoing war in Ukraine 

Suppliers 
We  maintain  a  clear  and  consistent  approach  to  dealing  with  suppliers,  ensuring  adherence  to  contractual 
obligations and maintaining safe working practices  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Strategic Priorities  

Our three strategic priorities 

1 

Deliver profitable production and reserves growth in Ukraine, with continued capital efficient 
operational excellence  

Key targets: 

Organic Growth 
• 
• 
• 

Expedite development of our assets, accelerate production growth, and exploit our resource base  
Careful field and reserves development planning  
Geological modelling to achieve high probability of success 

Growth of reserves and resources 
• 

Additional exploration, life cycle mix, new business opportunities and screening process 

Improving performance  
• 
• 
• 

Adopt oil and gas industry best practices 
Reduce costs of operations 
Application of drilling model  

Key risks: 
• 
• 
• 

Reservoir and operational performance  
Regional stability and conflict  
Commodity price shifts  

2  

Be a responsible steward of the resources we manage, produce and deliver to market  

Key targets: 

Operating safely and responsibly 
• 

Continual  assessment  and  monitoring  of  a  safe  operating  environment  during  the  ongoing  war  in 
Ukraine  
Adopt and exceed industry standards 
Embed corporate and social responsibility processes throughout the business organisation 

• 
• 

Strong and stable governance  
• 

Adhere to the QCA Code and institutional shareholder body guidance  

Rigid operational financial and risk planning  
• 
• 

Ensure that future operations and sales reflect the market and forecasts 
Be cognisant of the necessity for good reservoir and corporate resource management 

Key risks:  
• 
• 
• 

Implementation and adherence to QHSE policies 
Maintenance of independence of the Board of Directors 
Maintenance of controls and processes for financial and risk management   

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 

Recruit  and  retain  a  management  team  capable  of  delivering  consistent  top  quartile 
performance across recognised industry and market metrics  

Key targets:  

Stakeholder buy-in  
• 

Team clear on behaviours, roles and responsibilities  

Retention 
• 

Keeping great people on the team  

Correct skills for the objective/role  
• 

Clarity of skills required for each position  

Attracting new talent  
• 
• 

Strong reputation as a model employer 
Transparent and clearly structured career opportunities, progression and talent nurturing 

Key risks: 
• 
• 
• 

Failure to challenge and motivate existing employees 
Compensation 
Competitiveness  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Overview of Assets  

We operate four fields in the Dnieper-Donets basin in north-eastern Ukraine. Our fields have high potential for 
growth and longevity for future production - a strong foundation for success. 

MEX-GOL and SV fields 

The  MEX-GOL  and  SV  fields  are  held  under  two  adjacent  production  licences,  but  are  operated  as  one 
integrated asset, and have significant gas and condensate reserves and potential resources of unconventional 
gas. 

Production Licences 
We hold a 100% working interest in, and are the operator of, the MEX-GOL and SV fields. The production 
licences  for  the  fields  were  granted  to  the  Group  in  July  2004  with  an  initial  duration  of  20  years,  and  the 
duration  of  these  licences  have  recently  been  extended  to  2044  in  order  to  fully  develop  the  remaining 
reserves. The economic life of these fields extend to 2038 and 2042 respectively pursuant to the most recent 
reserves and resources assessment by DeGolyer and MacNaughton (“D&M”) as at 31 December 2017. 

The two licences, located in Ukraine’s Poltava region, are adjacent and extend over a combined area of 253 
km², approximately 200 km east of Kyiv. 

Geology 
Geologically, the fields are located towards the middle of the Dnieper-Donets sedimentary basin which extends 
across the major part of north-eastern Ukraine. The vast majority of Ukrainian gas and condensate production 
comes from this basin. The reservoirs comprise a series of gently dipping Carboniferous sandstones of Visean 
age inter-bedded with shales at around 4,700 metres below the surface, with a gross thickness of between 
800 and 1,000 metres. 

Analysis suggests that the origin of these deposits ranges from fluvial to deltaic, and much of the trapping at 
these  fields  is  stratigraphic.  Below  these  reservoirs  is  a  thick  sequence  of  shale  above  deeper,  similar, 
sandstones at a depth of around 5,800 metres. These sands are of Tournasian age and offer additional gas 
potential. Deeper sandstones of Devonian age have also been penetrated in the fields. 

Reserves 
The  development  of  the  fields  began  in  1995  by  the  Ukrainian  State  company  Chernihivnaftogasgeologiya 
(“CNGG”), and shortly after this time, the Group entered a joint venture with CNGG in respect of the exploration 
and development of these fields. 

The fields have been mapped with 3D seismic, and a geological subsurface model has been developed and 
refined using data derived from high-level reprocessing of such 3D seismic and new wells drilled on the fields.  

The assessment undertaken by D&M as at 31 December 2017 estimated proved plus probable (2P) reserves 
attributable to the fields of 50.0 MMboe, with 3C contingent resources of 25.3 MMboe.  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VAS field 

The VAS field is a smaller field with interesting potential. The field has assessed proved plus probable reserves 
in excess of 3 MMboe and substantial contingent and prospective resources, as well as potential resources of 
unconventional gas. 

Production Licence 
We hold a 100% working interest in, and are the operator of, the VAS field. The production licence for the field 
was granted in August 2012 with a duration of 20 years. The economic life of the field extends to 2032 pursuant 
to the most recent reserves and resources assessment by D&M as at 31 December 2018.  

The licence extends over an area of 33.2 km² and is located 17 km south-east of Kharkiv, in the Kharkiv region 
of Ukraine. The field was discovered in 1981, and the first well on the licence area was drilled in 2004. 

Geology 
Geologically, the field is located towards the middle of the Dnieper-Donets sedimentary basin in north-east 
Ukraine.  The  field  is  trapped  in  an  anticlinal  structure  broken  into  several  faulted  blocks,  which  are  gently 
dipping  to  the  north,  stretching  from  the  north-east  to  south-west  along  a  main  bounding  fault.  The  gas  is 
located in Carboniferous sandstones of Bashkirian, Serpukhovian and Visean age.  

The productive reservoirs are at depths between 3,370 and 3,700 metres.  

Reserves 
The field has  been  mapped with 3D seismic,  and a geological subsurface model has been developed and 
refined using data derived from such 3D seismic and new wells drilled on the field.  

The assessment undertaken by D&M as at 31 December 2018 estimated proved plus probable (2P) reserves 
of 3.1 MMboe, with 3C contingent resources of 0.6 MMboe, and prospective resources of 7.7 MMboe in the 
VED area of the field. The next well planned on the field is designed to explore the VED area of the field.   

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SC Licence 

The SC licence area is located near to and has similar characteristics to the SV field, and is prospective for 
gas and condensate. 

Exploration Licence 
We hold a 100% working interest in, and are the operator of, the SC licence. The licence was granted in May 
2017 with a duration of 20 years. 

The licence extends over an area of  97 km2, and is located in the Poltava region in north-eastern Ukraine, 
approximately 15 km east of the SV field.  

Geology 

Geologically, the field is located towards the middle of the Dnieper-Donets sedimentary basin which extends 
across the major part of north-eastern Ukraine. The vast majority of Ukrainian gas and condensate production 
comes from this basin. The reservoirs comprise a series of gently dipping Carboniferous sandstones of Visean 
age inter-bedded with shales at depth between 4,600 and 6,000 metres. 

Resources 

The licence is prospective for gas and condensate, and has been the subject of exploration since the 1980s, 
with five wells having  been drilled on the licence since then, although none  of these wells are currently on 
production.    

The assessment undertaken by D&M as at 1 January 2021 estimated proved plus probable (2P) reserves of 
12.1 MMboe, with 3C contingent resources of 15.0 MMboe.   

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Overview of Reserves 

1. 

MEX-GOL and SV fields  

The Group’s estimates of the remaining Reserves and Resources at the MEX-GOL and SV fields are derived 
from an assessment undertaken by D&M, as at 31 December 2017 (the “MEX-GOL-SV Report”), which was 
announced on 31 July 2018. During the period from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2023, the Group has 
produced 6.99 MMboe from these fields. 

The MEX-GOL-SV Report estimated the remaining Reserves as at 31 December 2017 in the MEX-GOL and 
SV fields as follows: 

Proved  
(1P) 

Proved + Probable  
(2P) 

Proved + Probable + 
Possible (3P) 

Gas  

121.9 Bscf / 3.5 Bm3 

218.3 Bscf / 6.2 Bm3 

256.5 Bscf / 7.3 Bm3 

Condensate 

4.3 MMbbl / 514 Mtonne 

7.9 MMbbl / 943 Mtonne 

9.2 MMbbl / 1,098 
Mtonne 

LPG 

2.8 MMbbl / 233 Mtonne 

5.0 MMbbl / 418 Mtonne 

5.8 MMbbl / 491 Mtonne 

Total 

27.8 MMboe 

50.0 MMboe 

58.6 MMboe 

The MEX-GOL-SV Report estimated the Contingent Resources as at 31 December 2017 in the MEX-GOL and 
SV fields as follows: 

Contingent Resources 
(1C) 

Contingent Resources 
(2C) 

Contingent Resources 
(3C) 

Gas  

14.7 Bscf / 0.42 Bm3 

38.3 Bscf / 1.08 Bm3 

105.9 Bscf / 3.00 Bm3 

Condensate 

1.17 MMbbl / 144 Mtonne 

2.8 MMbbl / 343 Mtonne 

6.6 MMbbl / 812 Mtonne 

Total 

3.8 MMboe 

9.6 MMboe 

25.3 MMboe 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. 

VAS field 

The  Group’s  estimates  of  the  remaining  Reserves  and  Resources  at  the  VAS  field  and  the  Prospective 
Resources at the VED prospect are derived from an assessment undertaken by D&M as at 31 December 2018 
(the “VAS Report”), which was announced on 21 August 2019. During the period from 1 January 2019 to 31 
December 2023, 0.80 MMboe were produced from the field. 

The VAS Report estimated the remaining Reserves as at 31 December 2018 in the VAS field as follows: 

Proved  
(1P) 

Proved + Probable  
(2P) 

Proved + Probable + 
Possible (3P) 

Gas  

9,114 MMscf / 258 MMm3 

15,098 MMscf / 427 
MMm3 

18,816 MMscf / 533 
MMm3 

Condensate 

205 Mbbl / 25 Mtonne 

346 Mbbl / 42 Mtonne 

401 Mbbl / 48 Mtonne 

Total 

1.895 MMboe 

3.145 MMboe 

3.890 MMboe 

The VAS Report estimated the Contingent Resources as at 31 December 2018 in the VAS field as follows: 

Contingent Resources 
(1C) 

Contingent Resources 
(2C) 

Contingent Resources 
(3C) 

Gas  

Condensate 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,912 MMscf / 83 MMm3 

74 Mbbl / 9 Mtonne 

The  VAS  Report  estimated  the  Prospective  Resources  as  at  31  December  2018  in  the  VED  prospect  as 
follows:  

Low (1U) 

Best (2U) 

High (3U) 

Mean 

Gas  

23,721 MMscf / 
672 MMm3 

38,079 MMscf / 
1,078 MMm3 

62,293 MMscf / 
1,764 MMm3 

41,291 MMscf / 
1,169 MMm3 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. 

SC Licence 

The Group’s estimates of the remaining Reserves and Contingent Resources at the SC Licence are derived 
from an assessment undertaken by D&M as at 1 January 2021 (the “SC Report”), which was announced on 2 
June 2021. 

The SC Report estimated the remaining Reserves as at 1 January 2021 in the SC licence area as follows: 

Proved  
(1P) 

Proved + Probable  
(2P) 

Proved + Probable + 
Possible (3P) 

Gas  

17.20 Bscf / 0.49 Bm3  

65.16 Bscf / 1.85 Bm3 

85.03 Bscf / 2.41 Bm3 

Condensate 

145 Mbbl / 16 Mtonne 

548 Mbbl / 61 Mtonne 

716 Mbbl / 80 Mtonne 

Total 

3.2 MMboe 

12.1 MMboe 

15.7 MMboe 

The SC Report estimated the Contingent Resources as at 1 January 2021 in the SC licence area as follows: 

Contingent Resources 
(1C) 

Contingent Resources 
(2C) 

Contingent Resources 
(3C) 

Gas  

8.56 Bscf / 0.24 Bm3 

14.18 Bscf / 0.40 Bm3 

81.16 Bscf / 2.30 Bm3 

Condensate 

72 Mbbl / 8 Mtonne 

119 Mbbl / 13 Mtonne 

682 Mbbl / 75 Mtonne 

Total 

1.6 MMboe 

2.6 MMboe 

15.0 MMboe 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finance Review 

Despite the continued significant disruption caused by the war in Ukraine, the Group was still able to generate 
a net profit for the period of $26.5 million, down 56% on last year (2022: $60.2 million) due to lower production 
rates and, more materially, much lower commodity prices.  

Revenue for the year, derived from the sale of the Group’s Ukrainian gas, condensate and LPG production, 
was  down  53%  at  $62.2  million  (2022:  $133.4  million)  as  a  result  of  significantly  lower  commodity  prices, 
compounded by lower production rates.   

Aggregate average daily production for the year (calculated on the days when the Group’s fields were actually 
in  production)  was  down  approximately  11%  at  2,644  boepd  (2022:  2,956  boepd)  due  to  the  disruption  to 
operations as a result of the war in Ukraine, natural field decline and the suspension of the VAS field in May 
2023. Aggregate production volumes for the year  were 885,610 boe (not adjusted for days when the fields 
were off production), which is lower than the aggregate production volumes of  965,730 boe in 2022 for the 
same reasons.   

During the year, global, and particularly European,  commodity prices declined as the disruption to supplies 
caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine abated, and these decreases also occurred in Ukraine, causing a 
59% decline in average gas price realisations in the period at $394/Mm3 (UAH14,426/Mm3), with condensate 
and  LPG  average  sales  prices  also  down  by  3%  and  32%  at  $71/bbl  and  $98/boe  respectively  (2022: 
$960/Mm3 (UAH30,341/Mm3), $73/bbl and $143/boe respectively).    

During the period from 1 January 2024 to 30 April 2024, the average realised gas, condensate and LPG prices 
were $306/Mm3 (UAH11,750/Mm3), $109/bbl and $93/boe respectively. 

Gross profit for the year more than halved at $39.0 million (2022: $85.9 million).  

Cost  of  sales  for  the  year  was  also  lower  at  $23.2  million  (2022:  $47.5  million).  The  decline  in  production 
resulted in a decline in depreciation, and the decreased commodity prices also reduced the revenue-related 
costs of taxes and well rental.  

Cash generated from operations increased significantly to $62.9 million (2022: $47.5 million), predominantly 
as a consequence of the recovery of overdue receivables that had built up in the period after the invasion of 
Ukraine. 

The subsoil tax rates applicable to gas production were stable during the year as follows: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

when gas prices are up to $150/Mm3, the rate for wells drilled prior to 1 January 2018 (“old wells”) is 
14.5% for gas produced from deposits at depths shallower than 5,000 metres and 7% for gas produced 
from deposits deeper than 5,000 metres, and for wells drilled after 1 January 2018 (“new wells”) is 6% 
for gas produced from deposits at depths shallower than 5,000 metres and 3% for gas produced from 
deposits deeper than 5,000 metres; 

when gas prices are between $150/Mm3 and $400/Mm3, the rate for old wells is 29% for gas produced 
from deposits at depths shallower than 5,000 metres and 14% for gas produced from deposits deeper 
than 5,000 metres, and for new wells is 12% for gas produced from deposits at depths shallower than 
5,000 metres and 6% for gas produced from deposits deeper than 5,000 metres; 

when gas prices are more than $400/Mm3, for the first $400/Mm3, the rate for old wells is 29% for gas 
produced  from  deposits  at  depths  shallower  than  5,000  metres  and  14%  for  gas  produced  from 
deposits deeper than 5,000 metres, and for new wells is 12% for gas produced from deposits at depths 
shallower than 5,000 metres and 6% for gas produced from deposits deeper than 5,000 metres, and 
for  the  difference  between  $400/Mm3  and  the  actual  price,  the  rate  for  old  wells  is  65%  for  gas 
produced  from  deposits  at  depths  shallower  than  5,000  metres  and  31%  for  gas  produced  from 
deposits deeper than 5,000 metres, and for new wells is 36% for gas produced from deposits at depths 
shallower than 5,000 metres and 18% for gas produced from deposits deeper than 5,000 metres. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The subsoil tax rates applicable to condensate production were 31% for condensate produced from deposits 
shallower than 5,000 metres and 16% for condensate produced from deposits deeper than 5,000 metres, for 
both old and new wells. 

As a direct result of the war in Ukraine, including the significant decline in domestic consumption disrupting 
the previous supply, demand and pricing dynamics, there was a divergence between domestic and European 
gas pricing, and accordingly, the methodology (linked to European prices) used to determine the reference 
gas price for the subsoil tax rates had a significantly detrimental effect for domestic gas producers. In order to 
address this issue, legislation was implemented in August 2022 which modified such methodology to ensure 
that it operates as originally intended (with such reference price being aligned with domestic prices).    

Administrative expenses for the year were broadly unchanged at $6.9 million (2022: $6.8 million). 

The tax charge for the year was less at $8.7 million (2022: $13.1 million charge), and comprised a current tax 
charge of $6.8 million (2022: $14.3 million charge) and a deferred tax charge of $1.9 million (2022: $1.2 million 
credit).        

A deferred tax asset relating to the Group’s provision for decommissioning as at 31 December 2023 of $0.6 
million  (2022:  $0.5  million)  was  recognised  on  the  tax  effect  of  the  temporary  differences  of  the  Group’s 
provision for decommissioning at the MEX-GOL and SV fields, and its tax base. A deferred tax liability relating 
to the Group’s development and production assets at the MEX-GOL and SV fields as at 31 December 2023 of 
$5.5 million (2022: $3.7 million) was recognised on the tax effect of the temporary differences between the 
carrying value of the Group’s development and production asset at the MEX-GOL and SV fields, and its tax 
base.  

A deferred tax asset relating to the Group’s provision for decommissioning as at 31 December 2023 of $0.3 
million  (2022:  $0.3  million)  was  recognised  on  the  tax  effect  of  the  temporary  differences  on  the  Group’s 
provision on decommissioning at the VAS field, and its tax base. A deferred tax liability relating to the Group’s 
development and production assets at the VAS field as at 31 December 2023 of $0.1 million (2022: deferred 
tax liability of $0.02 million) was recognised on the tax effect of the temporary differences between the carrying 
value of the Group’s development and production asset at the VAS field, and its tax base. 

Capital  investment  of  $13.5  million  reflects  the  investment  in  the  Group’s  oil  and  gas  development  and 
production assets during the year (2022: $12.9 million), primarily relating to the drilling of the GOL-107 well. 
The  materially  consistent  capital  investment  is  a  function  of  the  deferral  of  certain  aspects  of  the  Group’s 
development plans necessitated by the ongoing war in Ukraine. 

A review of any indicators of impairment of the carrying value of the Group’s assets was undertaken at the 
year end and this review did conclude that the war in Ukraine and the suspension of the VAS production licence 
had resulted in such an indicator. Impairment reviews were therefore conducted on the carrying value of the 
Group’s assets but did not result in the recognition of any further impairment loss (2022: $4.3 million loss). 

Cash and cash equivalents held as at 31 December 2023 were lower at $76.5 million (2022: $88.7 million), 
the decrease being predominantly the result of the payment of the £48.1 million interim dividend in June 2023 
and despite the significant increase in cash from operations. The Group’s cash and cash equivalents balance 
as at 27 May 2024 was $91.0 million, held as to $72.5 million equivalent in Ukrainian Hryvnia and the balance 
of $18.5 million equivalent predominantly in US Dollars, Euros and Pounds Sterling.  

During  2023,  the  Ukrainian  Hryvnia  was  relatively  stable  against  the  US  Dollar,  weakening  from 
UAH36.6/$1.00 on 31 December 2022 to UAH38.0/$1.00 on 31 December 2023. The impact of this was $4.8 
million of foreign exchange loss (2022: $38.1 million of foreign exchange loss). Increases and decreases in 
the value of the Ukrainian Hryvnia against the US Dollar affect the carrying value of the Group’s assets. The 
official exchange rate of the Ukrainian Hryvnia to the US Dollar on 27 May 2024 was UAH40.1/$1.00.  

Cash from operations has funded the capital investment during the year, and the Group’s current cash position 
and  positive  operating  cash  flow  are  the  sources  from  which  the  Group  plans  to  fund  the  development 
programmes for its assets over the remainder of 2024 and beyond. This is coupled with the fact that the Group 
is currently debt-free, and therefore has no debt covenants that may otherwise impede its ability to implement 

21 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
contingency plans if domestic and/or global circumstances dictate. This flexibility and ability to monitor and 
manage development plans and liquidity is a cornerstone of our planning, and underpins our assessments of 
the future. With monetary resources at the end of the year of $76.5 million and annual running costs of less 
than $8 million, the Group remains in a very strong position, notwithstanding the impact of the current conflict 
in Ukraine, as well as any local or global shocks that may occur to the industry and/or the Group.  

On 15 June 2023, the Company paid an interim dividend of 15 pence per ordinary share, approximately £48.1 
million in aggregate, which was the Company’s maiden dividend payment to its shareholders. No final dividend 
has been declared. 

Bruce Burrows  
Finance Director 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key Performance Indicators 

The  Group  uses  key  performance  indicators  (KPIs)  to  measure  its  performance  and  achievements  in  its 
business activities. The KPIs are reviewed annually to ensure that the KPIs are relevant. The Group’s targeted 
and achieved results of its KPIs for 2023 are set out below. The war in Ukraine had a material and ongoing 
impact on all operational and financial targets, and had a significant impact on the actual outcome for the year 
and therefore  performance against target. The  Level  One KPI is an  overriding  KPI for performance related 
remuneration, and must be achieved to invoke the Level Two KPIs.  

Level One KPI 

1. 

Fatalities of zero  

• 

• 

Target   - 

Actual  - 

zero 

zero 

Level Two KPIs  

1. 

Total volumes of gas and condensate produced 

• 

• 

Target  -  

889,650 boe     

Actual  - 

885,610 boe     

2. 

Lost Time Incidents 

• 

• 

Target  -  

zero 

Actual  - 

zero 

3. 

Operating expenditure per barrel of oil equivalent 

• 

• 

Target  -  

UAH768 ($17.9) 

Actual  - 

UAH644 ($17.6) 

4. 

Cashflow from operating activities 

• 

• 

Target  -  

UAH2,226 million ($51.8 million) 

Actual  - 

UAH2,067 million ($56.5 million) 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sustainability 

We strive to operate and develop our business in a sustainable way and believe in operating to top  quartile 
ethical, safety and environmental standards. We intend to make a positive impact wherever we work. 

Transparency and fairness 
We succeed in business by working in an honest and ethical way, and we will not countenance bribery and 
corruption. Our Anti-Bribery and Corruption Policy explains our approach to these issues. It is also important 
that  all  our  stakeholders  are  well  informed  about  our  work,  and  that  we  carry  out  tenders  for  operational 
services and equipment in a fair and transparent way.  

Our people 
Our people are our most valuable asset. We work hard to develop the talents and skills of our team, and we 
endeavour  to  recruit  outstanding  new  employees  to  enrich  our  capabilities.  At  the  same  time,  we  place 
paramount emphasis on safety at work, as well as the broader health and safety of our employees, and have 
and continue to implement rigorous new processes and training across the business. 

Environmental protection 
We regularly update and modernise our infrastructure and ways of working to improve efficiency and reduce 
our impact on the natural world. Independent environmental research companies monitor the environment in 
the areas in which we operate to ensure that we meet the relevant standards and regulations. 

Local communities 
We work hard to give back to the communities where we work, not just by creating jobs and paying taxes, but 
by  maintaining  and  contributing  to  local  organisations  and  infrastructure.  Among  other  things,  we  have 
supported local schools (e.g. materials for repair works and funding of school meals) and youth sports, as well 
as the repair of roads and local infrastructure, although the war has curtailed many of these initiatives in recent 
times. 

Humanitarian aid  
Since the commencement of the war, we have contributed to humanitarian aid initiatives in Ukraine, including 
contributing to the provision of medical equipment and supplies and other humanitarian aid. 

Environmental Management 

Protecting the natural  environment has always been a key focus for us but arguably has never been  more 
important  than  now.  We  carefully  monitor  the  effects  of  our  operations,  regularly  upgrade  equipment  to 
minimise our impact, and have implemented strict quality, health, safety and environmental policies. Our QHSE 
policies and performance are overseen by our Health, Safety and Environment Committee. 

We work to mitigate our environmental impact in many ways, including taking a responsible attitude to methods 
of production, carefully coordinating our activities, using only high-quality materials certified to international 
standards, and frequently updating our technology and processes. 

We have been accredited to environmental standard ISO 14001:2015 Environmental Management Systems, 
and our QHSE policies are designed to raise standards in these areas. 

Regular monitoring of environmental indicators for ongoing projects ensures we can continually assess our 
impact on the environment. 

Modernised infrastructure 
We continue to modernise our production infrastructure in order to improve both operational and environmental 
performance. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Over  recent  years  we  have  progressively  upgraded  infrastructure,  including  the  metering  and  separation 
station (“MSS”) at the gas processing facility at the MEX-GOL and SV fields. This involved the replacement of 
equipment  and  automation  of  various  processes,  allowing  us  to  solve  a  number  of  issues  and  reduce  our 
environmental impact through, in particular: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

significant reduction of gas flaring, gas losses and air emissions 
expansion of pollution controls in and around the area 
development of an enclosed gas measuring system on a well 
stricter observance of environmental laws and safety regulations 

We also installed a new condensate stabilisation unit (“CSU”) at the MSS, enabling us to use raw materials 
more  efficiently  and  greatly  improve  the  MSS’s  environmental  performance.  We  also  installed  facilities  to 
produce  LPG  at  the  MEX-GOL  and  SV  fields.  The  LPG  produced  is  not  only  a  very  marketable  product 
(liquefied propane-butane) but is also a relatively environmentally friendly hydrocarbon fuel. 

We have undertaken work on the gas processing facilities at the MEX-GOL and SV fields to upgrade the LPG 
extraction circuit, increase the flow capacity of the facilities, and significantly increase the liquids tank storage 
capacity, all of which are designed to improve overall plant efficiencies, improve the quality of liquids produced 
and boost recoveries of LPG, while reducing environmental emissions.  

Our QHSE policies 
Our policies for quality, health, safety and environment protection focus on the following: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

using our capabilities in the most efficient ways possible 
protecting and improving environmental conditions where we work 
improving occupational health and safety 
developing and expanding employees’ skills 

Environmental monitoring 
From time to time, we commission independent environmental research companies to monitor the state of soil, 
underground  and  open  water,  and  plant  and  animal  life  throughout  the  entire  area  of  our  activities.  These 
studies have never detected any violation of relevant environmental standards. 

Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (“SECR”) 
We  remain  very  aware  of  the  current  drive  globally  to  monitor,  reduce  and  report  levels  of  energy  use  in 
delivering Group performance, and note that SECR reporting requirements apply to the Group. However, as 
our United Kingdom emissions are de-minimis, with only two full-time employees in the United Kingdom and 
no operational presence, we fall below the minimum threshold and are currently exempt from reporting such 
information. Notwithstanding that exemption, but subject to the restrictions caused by the war in Ukraine, we 
are endeavouring to review our Ukrainian operations to determine the processes of self-reporting for our global 
operations, and formulating the content of our intended self-reporting.  

This initiative is intended to: 

• 

• 

• 
• 

disclose  the  environmental-related  data  currently  collected,  including:  energy  consumed,  water 
consumed, greenhouse gas emissions and waste generated (in natural units and relative to volumes 
of extracted gas); 
determine any additional  applicable  indicators to be added, for example:  natural gas  and solid fuel 
consumed  for  heating,  compressors  and  other  equipment;  diesel  fuel  used  in  diesel  generators; 
consumption of petrol and diesel in vehicles, etc.; 
determine potential benchmarks; and 
determine the reporting frequency. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

25 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Health and Safety 

Safety at work is fundamental and underpins all our success. We continue to improve our safety standards by 
introducing new processes and systems. We have introduced new production processes which are intended 
to meet or exceed all applicable health and safety standards in Ukraine, as well as aiming to be more efficient 
than previously.  

We operate a Near Miss reporting system, designed to increase occupational health and safety by detecting 
and eliminating dangerous incidents, situations, and practices (“Near Misses”). We centrally record all Near 
Misses in our workplaces and seek to establish ways to reduce or eliminate the chances of dangerous incidents 
occurring  in  the  future.  We  undertake  practical  training  sessions  and  generate  a  register  of  reported  Near 
Misses,  ranked  by  risk  level  (identification,  recognition  and  mitigation  as  a  key  to  safe  working).  We  have 
developed our Near Miss reporting system to be a fully electronic process, carrying out Near Miss training for 
internal auditors and coaches, rolling out new ways to detect and eliminate Near Misses, and introducing Near 
Miss KPIs for our team.  

In  2020,  we  launched  our  TOP  10  safety  standards  for  high  risk  operations,  with  leadership  and  training 
programmes for each of these standards. 

In  2021,  we  continued  to  develop  our  health  and  safety  regime,  with  the  implementation  of  a  number  of 
improvement measures, digitisation of health and safety procedures, the adoption of specific measures for the 
protection  of  employees  against  COVID-19,  and  an  extensive  occupational  health  and  safety  training 
programme  for  all  employees.  In  addition,  our  operations  were  re-certified  as  complying  with  international 
standards of quality, occupational safety and health management systems, according to ISO 14001:2015 and 
ISO 45001:2018. 

In early 2022, in anticipation of possible military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, a crisis management 
committee was established to prepare for such a conflict, including developing emergency and contingency 
plans  in  case  of  war  and  undertaking  safety  and  evacuation  drills  at  operational  sites.  This  proved  crucial 
immediately  following  the  invasion  of  Ukraine  by  Russia,  facilitating  the  prompt  and  safe  evacuation  of 
personnel,  who  were  then  able  to  work  remotely,  as  well  as  the  evacuation  of  their  families  to  the  west  of 
Ukraine.  Surface  and  underground  bomb  shelters  were  constructed  at  all  operational  sites  during  2022. 
Information and instruction materials have been developed and training has been conducted for all personnel, 
including  safety  actions  in  case  of  shelling  or  chemical  or  radiation  contamination;  mental  health  aid;  and 
enhanced practical training on first aid and medical assistance.  

The safe implementation and undertaking of technical work also remains a priority, and all scheduled training 
was conducted as planned during 2023, including safe lifting operations, gas work safety, fire safety and safe 
driving.  All  operational  sites  maintain  incident  reporting  transparency,  and  if  incidents  occurred,  or  were 
identified,  appropriate  corrective  actions  were  undertaken.  Despite  the  war,  the  Group  operated  within 
applicable  legal,  health,  safety  and  environmental  frameworks  and,  despite  the  imposition  of  martial  law, 
successfully obtained all necessary approvals from environmental and labour inspection authorities. 

The preservation of human life and health is our highest value, and we will continue to work hard to further 
raise occupational health and safety standards. 

War in Ukraine 

The  invasion  of  Ukraine  by  Russia  which  commenced  on  24  February  2022  has  caused  a  catastrophic 
humanitarian  situation  in  Ukraine,  as  well  as  extreme  challenges  to  the  fiscal,  economic  and  business 
environment. At the present time, the scope and duration of the war is unknown and there is a great deal of 
uncertainty about the ultimate impact that such war will have on Ukraine and its population.  

These circumstances mean that it is extremely difficult to plan future investment and operational activities at 
the Group’s fields. The Group is taking all possible measures to safeguard its staff, especially those who are 
located at the Group’s fields. Where possible, staff work remotely and have been supplied with all necessary 
devices  and  software  to  facilitate  remote  working,  and  only  necessary  field  staff  attend  field  operational 
facilities and locations, where all possible measures are maintained to minimise risk, such as ensuring that 
26 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
hydrocarbon  inventories  are  kept  at  minimum  levels.  Currently,  production  and  limited  field  operations  are 
being  undertaken  at  the  MEX-GOL  and  SV  fields.  However,  in  undertaking  such  operations,  the  Group  is 
taking,  and  will  take,  all  measures  available  to  protect  and  safeguard  its  personnel  and  business,  with  the 
safety and wellbeing of its staff and contractors being paramount. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties  

Risks Overview 

Managing risks effectively is fundamental to the success of our business and we apply rigorous criteria across 
our  operations  and  functions.  We  also  operate  to  top  quartile  quality,  health,  safety  and  environmental 
(“QHSE”) standards, and we monitor and manage each of these areas. 

We  evaluate  the  risks  according  to  a  common  set  of  assessment  criteria  deployed  across  business  units, 
corporate functions and capital investment projects, and then rank and prioritise risks by importance and by 
comparing their level against predetermined target risk levels and tolerance thresholds. 

For all major risks we have developed a strategy for how we respond and mitigation plans, with deadlines and 
responsibilities, so if a serious risk ever materialises, we know how we will react and will react quickly. 

The key team responsible for managing risks is our Management Risk Committee. This Committee monitors 
our business operations,  identifies  and records important risks, and formally reviews and updates  our Risk 
Register and Mitigation Plan each quarter.  

In addition, oversight and responsibility of all QHSE matters falls to the HSE Committee composed of Board 
members and senior management.  

The  Group’s  QHSE  policies  are  robustly  enforced  via  management  meetings,  training  and  the  work  of  our 
safety experts. The overall aim is always to ensure that the impact of our work on our staff, contractors and 
the environment is as low as is practically possible. 

We also operate a Near Miss reporting system, collecting and addressing reports on near miss incidents to 
monitor and improve occupational health and safety. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal Risks and How We Manage Them 

The Group has a risk evaluation methodology in place to assist in the review of the risks across all material 
aspects  of  its  business.  This  methodology  highlights  external,  operational  and  technical,  financial  and 
corporate risks and assesses the level of risk and potential consequences. It is periodically presented to the 
Audit  Committee  and  the  Board  for  review,  to  bring  to  their  attention  potential  risks  and,  where  possible, 
propose mitigating actions. Key risks recognised and mitigation factors are detailed below:- 

Risk 
External risks 
War in Ukraine 
On  24  February  2022,  Russia  invaded  Ukraine  and 
there  is  currently  a  serious  and  ongoing  war  within 
Ukraine. This war is having a huge impact on Ukraine 
and  its  population,  with  significant  destruction  of 
infrastructure and buildings in the areas of conflict, as 
well as damage in other areas of Ukraine. The war is 
resulting  in  significant  casualties  and  has  caused  a 
huge humanitarian catastrophe and refugee influx into 
neighbouring countries. The war is also impacting the 
fiscal  and  economic  environment  in  Ukraine,  as  well 
as  the  financial  stability  and  banking  system  in 
Ukraine, including restrictions on the transfer of funds 
outside  Ukraine.  The  war  is  an  escalation  of  the 
previous regional conflict risk faced by the business, a 
dispute that has been going on since 2014 in parts of 
eastern  Ukraine,  and  since  that  time  Russia  has 
continued to occupy Crimea. The current war is also 
having  a  significant  adverse  effect  on  the  Ukrainian 
financial  markets,  hampering  the  ability  of  Ukrainian 
companies  and  banks  to  obtain  funding  from  the 
international  capital  and  debt  markets.  The  war  has 
disrupted  the  Group’s  business  and  operations, 
causing periods of suspension of field operations, and 
has  also  impacted  the  supply  of  materials  and 
equipment  and  the  availability  of  contractors  to 
undertake  field  operations.  At  present,  the  war  is 
ongoing  and  the  scope  and  duration  of  the  war  is 
uncertain. 
Risk relating to Ukraine 
Ukraine is an emerging market and as such the Group 
is  exposed  to  greater  regulatory,  economic  and 
political  risks  than  it  would  be  in  other  jurisdictions. 
Emerging  economies  are  generally  subject  to  a 
volatile  political  and  economic  environment,  which 
makes 
to  market  downturns 
elsewhere in the world and could adversely impact the 
Group’s ability to operate in the market. Furthermore, 
the  war  in  Ukraine  is  impacting  the  fiscal  and 
economic  environment,  the  financial  and  banking 
system,  and  the  economic  stability  of  Ukraine.  As  a 
result, Ukraine will require financial assistance and/or 
aid  from  international  financial  agencies  to  provide 
economic support and assist with the reconstruction of 
infrastructure and buildings damaged in the war.  
Banking system in Ukraine 
The banking system in Ukraine has been under great 
strain in recent years due to the weak level of capital, 

them  vulnerable 

29 

Mitigation 

The Group has assets in the areas of conflict in the east 
of Ukraine, and the war has disrupted its operations in 
those  areas.  The  Group  has  been  only  undertaking 
limited field and production operations at the MEX-GOL 
and  SV  fields,  as  well  as  at  the  VAS  and  SC  licence 
areas until their suspension in May 2023. At the MEX-
GOL  and  SV  fields,  inventories  of  hydrocarbons  are 
being maintained at minimum levels. At the sites where 
operations  are  suspended, 
there  are  no  staff 
permanently on site, except for necessary security staff. 
Where possible, all other staff work remotely and have 
been supplied with all necessary devices and software 
to facilitate remote working. Additionally, the Group aims 
to maintain a significant proportion of its cash resources 
outside  Ukraine.  The  Group  continues  to  monitor  the 
situation  and  endeavours  to  protect  its  assets  and 
safeguard its staff and contractors.  

The  Group  minimises 
risk  by  continuously 
this 
monitoring the market in Ukraine and by maintaining as 
strong  a  working  relationship  as  possible  with  the 
Ukrainian  regulatory  authorities.  The  Group  also 
maintains a significant proportion of its cash holdings in 
international banks outside Ukraine.  

The creditworthiness and potential risks relating to the 
banks in Ukraine are regularly reviewed by the Group, 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
In  addition,  Ukraine  continues 

low  asset  quality  caused  by  the  economic  situation, 
currency depreciation, changing regulations and other 
economic  pressures  generally,  and  so  the  risks 
associated  with  the  banks  in  Ukraine  have  been 
significant, including in relation to the banks with which 
the Group has operated bank accounts. This situation 
was  improving  moderately  following  remedial  action 
by the National Bank of Ukraine, but the current war 
has significantly affected such improvements, and the 
National  Bank  of  Ukraine  has  imposed  a  number  of 
restrictive measures designed to protect the banking 
system, including restrictions on the transfer of funds 
outside Ukraine (albeit that the Group aims to maintain 
a significant proportion  of  its cash resources outside 
Ukraine). 
to  be 
supported by funding from the International Monetary 
Fund, and has requested further funding support from 
the International Monetary Fund. 
Geopolitical environment in Ukraine 
Although  there  were  some  improvements  in  recent 
years,  there  has  not  been  a  final  resolution  of  the 
political, fiscal and economic situation in Ukraine, and 
the current war has had a severe detrimental effect on 
the economic situation in Ukraine. The ongoing effects 
of this are difficult to predict and likely to continue to 
affect  the  Ukrainian  economy  and  potentially  the 
Group’s business. This situation is currently affecting 
the Group’s  production and field operations, and the 
ongoing 
the  Group’s 
development and operational planning for its assets.  
Climate change 
Any near and medium-term continued warming of the 
planet can have potentially increasing negative social, 
economic 
consequences, 
environmental 
generally,  globally  and  regionally,  and  specifically  in 
relation  to  the  Group.  The  potential  impacts  include: 
loss  of  market;  and  increased  costs  of  operations 
through increasing regulatory oversight and controls, 
including potential effective or actual loss of licences 
to  operate.  As  a  diligent  operator  aware  of  and 
responsive  to  its  good  stewardship  responsibilities, 
the  Group  not  only  needs  to  monitor  and  modify  its 
business plans and operations to react to changes, but 
also to ensure its environmental footprint is as minimal 
as it can practicably be in managing the hydrocarbon 
resources the Group produces. 
Operational and technical risks 
Quality, Health, Safety and Environment (“QHSE”) 
The  oil  and  gas  industry,  by  its  nature,  conducts 
activities  which 
safety, 
environmental  and  security 
incidents.  Serious 
incidents can not only have a financial impact but can 
also  damage 
the 
opportunity  to  undertake  further  projects.  The  war  in 
Ukraine poses significant risks to field operations, by 
way of potential threat to the lives of employees and 
contractors,  and  damage 
to  equipment  and 
infrastructure. 

reputation  and 

is  disrupting 

the  Group’s 

instability 

health, 

cause 

and 

can 

but  the  geopolitical  and  economic  events  in  Ukraine 
over  recent  years  have  significantly  weakened  the 
Ukrainian banking sector. This has been exacerbated by 
the current war in Ukraine. In light of this, the Group has 
taken and continues to take steps to diversify its banking 
arrangements between a number of banks in Ukraine. 
These  measures  are  designed  to  spread  the  risks 
associated  with  each  bank’s  creditworthiness,  and  the 
Group  endeavours  to  use  banks  that  have  the  best 
available  creditworthiness.  Nevertheless,  and  despite 
the recent improvements, the Ukrainian banking sector 
remains weakly capitalised and so the risks associated 
with the banks in Ukraine remain significant, including in 
relation  to  the  banks  with  which  the  Group  operates 
bank  accounts.  As  a  consequence,  the  Group  also 
maintains a significant proportion of its cash holdings in 
international banks outside Ukraine.  

The  Group  continually  monitors 
the  market  and 
business  environment  in  Ukraine  and  endeavours  to 
recognise approaching risks and factors that may affect 
its  business.  However,  the  war  in  Ukraine  creates 
material  challenges  in  planning  future  investment  and 
operations.  The  Group 
its  operational 
is 
activities to minimise risk to its staff and contractors, and 
to limit its financial exposure. 

limiting 

from 

its  emissions 

The Group’s plans include: assessing, reducing and/or 
mitigating 
its  operations;  and 
identifying  climate  change-related  risks  and  assessing 
the  degree  to  which  they  can  affect  its  business, 
including financial implications. The HSE Committee is 
specifically 
tasked  with  overseeing,  measuring, 
benchmarking and mitigating the Group’s environmental 
and climate impact, which will be reported on in future 
periods.  At  this  stage,  the  Group  does  not  consider 
climate change to have any material implications on the 
Group’s 
including  accounting 
estimates. 

financial  statements, 

The Group maintains QHSE policies and requires that 
management,  staff  and  contractors  adhere  to  these 
policies.  The  policies  ensure  that  the  Group  meets 
Ukrainian  legislative  standards  in  full  and  achieves 
international standards to the maximum extent possible. 
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic the Group has 
implemented processes and controls intended to ensure 
protection  of  all  our  stakeholders  and  minimise  any 
disruption  to  our  business.  As  a  consequence  of  the 
current war in Ukraine, operations at the MEX-GOL, SV 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
and  VAS  fields  and  SC  licence  area  have  been 
suspended  for  periods,  and  currently  only  limited  field 
and  production  operations  are  continuing  at  the  MEX-
GOL and  SV  fields. Only essential staff  are located at 
site, and all other staff are working remotely, either from 
areas away from the conflict areas or outside Ukraine. 
The Group has invested in technology that allows many 
staff to work just as effectively from remote locations.  

The Group has well qualified and experienced technical 
management  staff  to  plan  and  supervise  operational 
activities. In addition, the  Group engages with suitably 
qualified local and international geological, geophysical 
and engineering experts and contractors to supplement 
and  broaden  the  pool  of  expertise  available  to  the 
Group.  Detailed  planning  of  development  activities  is 
undertaken with the aim of managing the inherent risks 
associated with oil and gas exploration and production, 
as  well  as  ensuring  that  appropriate  equipment  and 
personnel are available for the operations, and that local 
contractors are appropriately supervised. 

In  recent  years,  the  Group  has  engaged  external 
technical  consultants  to  undertake  a  comprehensive 
review and re-evaluation study of the MEX-GOL and SV 
fields in order to gain an improved understanding of the 
geological  aspects  of 
reservoir 
the 
engineering, drilling and completion techniques, and the 
results of this study and further planned technical work 
are being used by the Group in the future development 
of these fields. The Group has established an ongoing 
relationship with such external technical consultants to 
ensure that technical management and planning is of a 
high  quality  in  respect  of  all  development  activities  on 
the Group’s fields. 

fields  and 

staff, 

technical  management 

The  Group’s 
in 
consultation  with  its  external  technical  consultants, 
carefully  plan  and  supervise  development  and 
operational activities with the aim of managing the risks 
associated with the further development of the Group’s 
fields  in  Ukraine.  This  includes  detailed  review  and 
consideration of available subsurface data, utilisation of 
modern  geological  software,  and  utilisation  of 
engineering  and  completion  techniques  developed  for 

Industry risks 
The  Group  is  exposed  to  risks  which  are  generally 
associated with the oil and gas industry. For example, 
the Group’s ability to pursue and develop its projects 
and undertake development programmes depends on 
a number of uncertainties, including the availability of 
capital,  seasonal  conditions,  regulatory  approvals, 
gas,  oil,  condensate  and  LPG  prices,  development 
costs  and  drilling  success.  As  a  result  of  these 
uncertainties,  it  is  unknown  whether  potential  drilling 
locations identified on proposed projects will ever be 
drilled or whether these or any other potential drilling 
locations  will  be  able 
to  produce  gas,  oil  or 
condensate.  In  addition,  drilling  activities  are  subject 
to  many  risks,  including  the  risk  that  commercially 
productive reservoirs will not be discovered. Drilling for 
hydrocarbons can be unprofitable, not only due to dry 
holes, but also as a result of productive wells that do 
not  produce  sufficiently  to  be  economic.  In  addition, 
drilling and production operations are highly technical 
and complex activities and may be curtailed, delayed 
or cancelled as a result of a variety of factors.   
Production of hydrocarbons 
Producing  gas  and  condensate 
reservoirs  are 
generally characterised by declining production rates 
which  vary  depending  upon  reservoir  characteristics 
and  other  factors.  Future  production  of  the  Group’s 
gas  and  condensate  reserves,  and  therefore  the 
Group’s cash flow and income, are highly dependent 
on 
in  operating  existing 
producing  wells,  drilling  new  production  wells  and 
efficiently developing and exploiting any reserves, and 
finding  or  acquiring  additional  reserves.  The  Group 
may not be able to develop, find or acquire reserves 
at  acceptable  costs.  The  experience  gained  from 
drilling undertaken to date highlights such risks as the 
Group  targets  the  appraisal  and  production  of  these 
hydrocarbons.  
Risks  relating 
further  development  and 
operation of the Group’s gas and condensate fields in 
Ukraine 
The  planned  development  and  operation  of  the 
Group’s  gas  and  condensate  fields  in  Ukraine  is 
susceptible to appraisal, development and operational 
risk. This could include, but is not restricted to, delays 
in the delivery of equipment in Ukraine, failure of key 
equipment, lower than expected production from wells 
that  are  currently  producing,  or  new  wells  that  are 
brought  on-stream,  problematic  wells  and  complex 
geology  which  is  difficult  to  drill  or  interpret.  The 

the  Group’s  success 

the 

to 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
generation  of  significant  operational  cash 
is 
dependent on the successful delivery and completion 
of  the  development  and  operation  of  the  fields.  The 
impacting  planning  and 
war 
implementation of development and operations at the 
Group’s fields.  

in  Ukraine 

is 

Drilling and workover operations 
Due  to  the  depth  and  nature  of  the  reservoirs  in  the 
Group’s fields, the technical difficulty of drilling or re-
entering  wells  in  the  Group’s  fields  is  high,  and  this 
and  the  equipment  limitations  within  Ukraine,  can 
result 
than  expected 
outcomes for wells. 
Maintenance of facilities 
There  is  a  risk  that  production  or  transportation 
facilities  can  fail  due  to  non-adequate  maintenance, 
control or poor performance of the Group’s suppliers.  

in  unsuccessful  or 

lower 

the  fields.  With  regards  to  operational  activities,  the 
Group  ensures 
that  appropriate  equipment  and 
personnel  are  available  for  the  operations,  and  that 
operational contractors are appropriately supervised. In 
addition,  the  Group  performs  a  review  of  indicators  of 
impairment of its oil and gas assets on an annual basis, 
and considers whether an assessment of its oil and gas 
assets by a suitably  qualified  independent  assessor is 
appropriate or required. 

The utilisation of detailed sub-surface analysis, careful 
well planning and engineering design in designing work 
programmes,  along  with  appropriate  procurement 
procedures  and  competent  on-site  management,  aims 
to minimise these risks. 

the  Ukrainian  minimum 

The  Group’s  facilities  are  operated  and  maintained  at 
standards  above 
legal 
requirements.  Operations  staff  are  experienced  and 
receive supplemental training to ensure that facilities are 
properly  operated  and  maintained.  Service  providers 
are  rigorously  reviewed  at  the  tender  stage  and  are 
monitored during the contract period. 

the 

the  Group’s  development  obligations 

Financial risks 
Exposure to cash flow and liquidity risk 
There is a risk that insufficient funds are available to 
meet 
to 
commercialise the Group’s oil and gas assets.  Since 
future  capital 
a  significant  proportion  of 
requirements of the Group is expected to be derived 
from  operational  cash  generated  from  production, 
including from wells yet to be drilled, there is a risk that 
in  the  longer  term  insufficient  operational  cash  is 
generated, or that additional funding, should the need 
arise,  cannot  be  secured.  The  war  in  Ukraine  has 
disrupted production operations at the Group’s fields, 
and consequently reduced anticipated cash flows from 
those fields, and this has increased the risk regarding 
sufficiency of capital for development. In addition, the 
conflict may disrupt the sales market for hydrocarbons 
that  are  produced.  Currently,  however,  hydrocarbon 
prices are reasonably strong, which is ameliorating the 
potential  reduction  in  cash  flows,  and  the  Group’s 
sales  counterparties  are  meeting 
financial 
obligations. In addition to the risk of operational cash 
shortfalls,  there  is  a  risk  that  even  with  strong  cash 
flows and cash balances, the Group, from time to time, 
can  suffer  from  non-Ukrainian  operational  banking 
appetite for businesses such as the Group’s business, 
which  can  ultimately  manifest  itself  in  having  a 
restricted access to banking services. 
Ensuring appropriate business practices 
The Group operates in Ukraine, an emerging market, 
where  certain  inappropriate  business  practices  may, 
from  time  to  time  occur,  such  as  corrupt  business 
practices, bribery, appropriation of property and fraud, 
all of which can lead to financial loss.  

their 

The  Group  maintains  adequate  cash  reserves  and 
closely  monitors  forecasted  and  actual  cash  flow,  as 
well as short and longer-term funding requirements. The 
Group  aims  to  maintain  a  significant  proportion  of  its 
cash  resources  outside  Ukraine.  The  Group  does  not 
currently have any loans outstanding, internal financial 
projections  are  regularly  made  based  on  the  latest 
estimates  available,  and  various  scenarios  are  run  to 
assess the robustness of the Group’s liquidity. However, 
as the risk to future capital funding is inherent in the oil 
and  gas  exploration  and  development  industry  and 
reliant  in  part  on  future  development  success,  it  is 
difficult  for  the  Group  to  take  any  other  measures  to 
further  mitigate 
its 
this  risk,  other 
development  activities  to  its  available  capital  funding 
from  time  to  time.  The  Group  aims  to  maintain  as 
diverse a range of banking relationships as possible to 
reduce the risks associated with limited accessibility to 
banking services which may exist from time to time. 

tailoring 

than 

The  Group  maintains  anti-bribery  and  corruption 
policies  in  relation  to  all  aspects  of  its  business,  and 
ensures that clear authority levels and robust approval 
processes are in place, with stringent controls over cash 
management  and  the  tendering  and  procurement 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hydrocarbon price risk 
The Group derives its revenue principally from the sale 
of its Ukrainian gas, condensate and LPG production. 
These  revenues  are  subject  to  commodity  price 
volatility and political influence. A prolonged period of 
low gas, condensate and LPG prices may impact the 
Group’s  ability  to  maintain  its  long-term  investment 
programme  with  a  consequent  effect  on  its  growth 
rate, which in turn may impact the Company’s share 
price  or  any  shareholder 
returns.  Lower  gas, 
condensate  and  LPG  prices  may  not  only  decrease 
the  Group’s  revenues  per  unit,  but  may  also  reduce 
the  amount  of  gas,  condensate  and  LPG  which  the 
Group can produce economically, as would increases 
in costs associated with hydrocarbon production, such 
as subsoil taxes and royalties. The overall economics 
of the Group’s key assets (being the net present value 
of the future cash flows from its Ukrainian projects) are 
far more sensitive to long term gas, condensate and 
LPG  prices  than  short-term  price  volatility.  However, 
short-term volatility does affect liquidity risk, as, in the 
early  stage  of  the  projects,  income  from  production 
revenues  is  offset  by  capital  investment.  In  addition, 
the  war  in  Ukraine  may  disrupt  the  sales  market  for 
hydrocarbons, although, currently, hydrocarbon prices 
are strong, and the Group’s sales counterparties are 
meeting their financial obligations.  
Currency risk 
Since  the  beginning  of  2014,  the  Ukrainian  Hryvnia 
significantly devalued against major world currencies, 
including  the  US  Dollar,  where  it  has  fallen  from 
UAH8.3/$1.00  on  1  January  2014  to  UAH38.0/$1.00 
on 31 December 2023, and UAH40.1/$1.00 on 27 May 
2024.  This  devaluation  has  been  a  significant 
contributor to the imposition of banking restrictions by 
the  National  Bank  of  Ukraine  over  recent  years. In 
addition, the geopolitical events in Ukraine over recent 
years  and  the  current  war  in  Ukraine  are  likely  to 
continue  to  impact  the  valuation  of  the  Ukrainian 
Hryvnia  against  major  world  currencies.  Further 
devaluation  of  the  Ukrainian  Hryvnia  against  the  US 
Dollar  will  affect  the  carrying  value  of  the  Group’s 
assets.   
Counterparty and credit risk 
The challenging political and economic environment in 
Ukraine and current war means that  businesses can 
be  subject  to  significant  financial  strain,  which  can 
mean  that  the  Group  is  exposed  to  increased 
counterparty risk if counterparties fail or default in their 
contractual  obligations  to  the  Group,  including  in 
relation  to  the  sale  of  its  hydrocarbon  production, 
resulting in financial loss to the Group. 
Financial markets and economic outlook 
The performance of the Group is influenced by global 
economic conditions and, in particular, the conditions 
prevailing  in  the  United  Kingdom  and  Ukraine.  The 

33 

processes.  In  addition,  office  and  site  protection  is 
maintained to protect the Group’s assets.  

The  Group  sells  a  proportion  of  Its  hydrocarbon 
production through offtake arrangements, which include 
pricing formulae so as to ensure that it achieves market 
prices for its products, as well as utilising the electronic 
market platforms in Ukraine to achieve market prices for 
its remaining products. However, hydrocarbon prices in 
Ukraine are implicitly linked to world hydrocarbon prices 
and so the Group is subject to external price trends.  

The Group’s sales proceeds are received in Ukrainian 
Hryvnia,  and  the  majority  of  the  capital  expenditure 
costs  for  the  current  investment  programme  will  be 
incurred  in  Ukrainian  Hryvnia,  thus  the  currency  of 
revenue  and  costs  are  largely  matched.  In  light  of  the 
previous  devaluation  and  volatility  of  the  Ukrainian 
Hryvnia  against  major  world  currencies,  and  since  the 
Ukrainian  Hryvnia  does  not  benefit  from  the  range  of 
currency  hedging  instruments  which  are  available  in 
more developed economies, the Group  has adopted a 
policy that, where possible, funds not required for use in 
Ukraine be retained on  deposit in the United  Kingdom 
and Europe, principally in US Dollars.   

The  Group  monitors  the  financial  position  and  credit 
quality  of  its  contractual  counterparties  and  seeks  to 
manage  the  risk  associated  with  counterparties  by 
contracting  with 
and 
creditworthy 
customers.  Hydrocarbon  production  is  sold  on  terms 
that limit supply credit and/or title transfer until payment 
is received. 

contractors 

The Group’s sales proceeds are received in  Ukrainian 
Hryvnia  and  a  significant  proportion  of  investment 
expenditure  is  made  in  Ukrainian  Hryvnia,  which 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
minimises  risks  related  to  foreign  exchange  volatility. 
However,  hydrocarbon  prices  in  Ukraine  are  implicitly 
linked to world hydrocarbon prices and so the Group is 
subject to external price movements. The Group holds 
a significant proportion of its cash reserves in the United 
Kingdom  and  Europe,  mostly  in  US  Dollars,  with 
reputable  financial  institutions.  The  financial  status  of 
counterparties 
to  manage 
is  carefully  monitored 
counterparty  risks.  Nevertheless,  the  overall  exposure 
that the Group faces as a result of these risks cannot be 
predicted and many of these are outside of the Group’s 
control. 

The Group ensures compliance with commitments and 
regulations  relating  to  its  production  and  exploration 
licences  through  Group  procedures  and  controls  or, 
where  this  is  not  immediately  feasible  for  practical  or 
logistical  considerations,  seeks  to  enter  into  dialogue 
with  the  relevant  Government  bodies  with  a  view  to 
agreeing  a  reasonable 
for  achieving 
compliance or an alternative, mutually agreeable course 
of action. Work programmes are designed to ensure that 
all licence obligations are met and continual interaction 
with  Government  bodies  is  maintained  in  relation  to 
licence obligations and commitments. 

frame 

time 

economies  in  these  regions  have  been  subject  to 
volatile  pressures  in  recent  periods,  with  the  global 
economy  having  experienced  a 
long  period  of 
difficulty, the COVID pandemic, and more particularly 
the  current  war  in  Ukraine.  This  has  led  to  extreme 
the  Ukrainian 
foreign  exchange  movements 
Hryvnia,  high 
interest  rates,  and 
increased  credit  risk  relating  to  the  Group’s  key 
counterparties.  

inflation  and 

in 

Corporate risks 
Ukrainian production licences 
The  Group  operates  in  a  region  where  the  right  to 
production can be challenged by State and non-State 
parties. During 2010, this manifested itself in the form 
of a Ministry Order instructing the Group to suspend 
all operations and production from its MEX-GOL and 
SV production licences, which was not resolved until 
mid-2011. In 2013, new rules relating to the updating 
of production licences led to further challenges being 
raised  by  the  Ukrainian  authorities  to  the  production 
licences held by independent oil and gas producers in 
Ukraine,  including  the  Group.  In  March  2019,  a 
Ministry  Order  was  issued  instructing  the  Group  to 
suspend  all  operations  and  production  from  its  VAS 
production licence, which was not resolved until March 
2023.  In  2020,  LLC  Arkona  Gas-Energy  (“Arkona”) 
faced a challenge from PJSC Ukrnafta concerning the 
validity  of  its  SC  exploration  licence,  which  was 
ultimately  resolved  in  Arkona’s  favour  until  February 
2021.  During  2023,  the  Ukrainian  authorities  have 
taken  a  number  of  regulatory  actions  against  the 
Group,  which  have  culminated  in  Ministry  Orders 
being made in May 2023 to suspend all operations and 
production  at  the  VAS  production  licence  and  SC 
exploration licence. Excepting the current suspension 
Orders made in respect of the VAS production licence 
and  SC  exploration  licence,  all  such  challenges 
affecting the Group have been successfully defended 
through the Ukrainian legal system. In July 2023, new 
legislation was introduced in Ukraine, which will come 
into force in September 2024, and which requires that 
branches 
foreign 
companies operating in Ukraine register their ultimate 
beneficial  owners  in  Ukrainian  Registries.  Regal 
Petroleum  Corporation  Ltd  ("RPC"),  which  holds  the 
MEX-GOL and SV licences, operates such a branch 
and  will  therefore  be  required  to  register  its  ultimate 
beneficial owners from the implementation of this law, 
which raises a potential risk that such registration will 
not  be  accepted  by  the  Ukrainian  authorities,  and 
possibly result in regulatory action against RPC and/or 
its  licences  and  assets,  including  suspension  of  the 
licences.  The  business 
MEX-GOL  and  SV 
environment  is  such  that  these  types  of  challenges 
may  arise  at  any  time  in  relation  to  the  Group’s 

representative  offices)  of 

(or 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
operations,  licence  history,  compliance  with  licence 
commitments  and/or  local  regulations.  In  addition, 
production licences in Ukraine are issued with and/or 
carry  ongoing  compliance  obligations,  which  if  not 
met, may lead to the loss of a licence. 
Risks relating to key personnel 
The  Group’s  success  depends  upon  skilled 
management  as  well  as  technical  expertise  and 
administrative  staff.  The  loss  of  service  of  critical 
members  from  the  Group’s  team  could  have  an 
adverse  effect  on  the  business.  The  current  war  in 
Ukraine  has  meant  that,  as  far  as  possible,  the 
Group’s staff have needed to move away from areas 
of conflict and work remotely.    

The  Group  periodically  reviews  the  compensation  and 
contractual terms of its staff. In addition, the Group has 
developed relationships with a number of technical and 
other professional experts and advisers, who are used 
to provide specialist services as required. As a result of 
the war, only essential staff are located at site, and all 
other staff are working remotely, either from areas away 
from  the  conflict  areas  or  outside  Ukraine.  The  Group 
has  invested  in  technology  that  allows  many  staff  to 
work just as effectively from remote locations. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement by the Directors in performance of their statutory duties in accordance with 
Section 172(1) of the Companies Act 2006 

Introduction 

The Directors of the Company must act in accordance with a set of general duties, which are detailed in Section 
172(1) of the Companies Act 2006, as follows: 

“A director of a company must act in the way he considers, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the 
success of the company for the benefit of its members as a whole and, in doing so have regard (amongst other 
matters) to: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the likely consequences of any decision in the long term; 
the interests of the company’s employees; 
the need to foster the company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others; 
the impact of the company’s operations on the community and environment; 
the desirability of the company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and 
the need to act fairly as between members of the company.” 

The Directors are mindful of their duty to promote the success of the Company as described above. Details of 
how the Directors have had regard to these matters can be found throughout this Annual Report and Financial 
Statements, where we provide examples of how we: take into account the likely consequences of long-term 
decisions; understand the importance of engaging with our employees; build relationships with stakeholders; 
understand the impact of our operations on the communities in our region and the environment we depend 
upon;  attribute  importance  to  behaving  as  a  responsible  business;  and  ensure  that  we  act  fairly  between 
shareholders. 

Statement 

The Directors of the Company consider, both individually and collectively, that they have acted in the way they 
consider,  in  good  faith,  would  be  most  likely  to  promote  the  success  of  the  Company  for  the  benefit  of  its 
shareholders as a whole (having regard to the stakeholders and matters set out in Section 172(1)(a-f) of the 
Companies  Act  2006)  in  the  decisions  taken  during  the  year  ended  31  December  2023.  Examples  of  this 
include: 

• 

Long-term decision-making 

We have a strategy for the  development of our business and our oil and gas assets in Ukraine, and 
retain, monitor and adjust a corporate financial model for the economic life of our assets. Our plan is 
designed to have a long-term beneficial impact on the Company and to contribute to its success in safely 
producing gas, condensate and LPG from our fields in Ukraine. We will continue to operate our business 
with robust and documented financial and operational controls and in line with safety and environmental 
regulations and requirements. 

• 

Employees’ interests 

Our  employees  are  fundamental  to  the  delivery  of  our  business  plan.  We  aim  to  be  a  responsible 
employer  in  our  approach  to  the  remuneration  and  benefits  that  our  employees  receive.  The  health, 
safety and well-being of our employees is one of our primary considerations in the way we do business, 
and the training and development of our employees to develop their skills and expertise is fundamental 
in the highly technical and specialised oil and gas industry. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

Relationships with stakeholders 

We aim to operate our gas and condensate fields in Ukraine safely and efficiently for the benefit of all 
of our stakeholders, including employees, Government, investors, local community and suppliers. In the 
operational extraction and production of gas, condensate and LPG, there are many risks, including to 
health, safety and the environment. In our operational activities, we rigorously apply our quality, health, 
safety and environmental (“QHSE”) policies to protect the safety of our employees and contractors, and 
to protect the environment from pollution. In the delivery of our hydrocarbon products, we aim to ensure 
that our products meet all applicable regulatory requirements and to be a reliable and consistent supplier 
to  our  customers.  We  also  aim  to  act  responsibly  and  fairly  in  how  we  engage  with  our  contractors, 
suppliers and customers, and to co-operate with our industry regulators, all of which are integral to the 
successful delivery of our business plan and the stewardship of the resources we manage. 

• 

Impact on community and environment 

Our business plan takes into account the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and 
environment in which we operate, and our wider societal responsibilities, particularly in Ukraine at our 
operational sites. Prior to the outbreak of the war, we had a broad range of corporate social responsibility 
(“CSR”)  initiatives  in  Ukraine,  supporting  a  number  of  community  projects,  including  support  of  local 
schools (e.g. materials for repair works and funding of school meals) and youth sports, as well as  the 
repair of roads and local infrastructure. Since the outbreak of the war, our initiatives have focussed on 
humanitarian  aid,  in  particular  the  procurement  of  medical  equipment  and  supplies.  We  also  strictly 
adhere to our QHSE policies in our approach to the environment and ensure compliance with applicable 
health, safety and environmental regulatory requirements.  

Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (“SECR”) 

We remain very aware of the current drive globally to monitor, reduce and report levels of energy use in 
delivering  Group  performance,  and  note  that  SECR  reporting  requirements  apply  to  the  Group. 
However, as our United Kingdom emissions are de-minimis, with only two full-time employees in the 
United Kingdom and no operational presence, we fall below the minimum threshold and are currently 
exempt from reporting such information. Notwithstanding that exemption, but subject to the restrictions 
caused by the war in Ukraine, we are endeavouring to review our Ukrainian operations to determine the 
processes of self-reporting for our global operations and formulating the content of our intended self-
reporting.  

This initiative is intended to: 

• 

• 

• 
• 

disclose  the  environment-related  data  currently  collected,  including:  energy  consumed,  water 
consumed,  greenhouse  gas  emissions  and  waste  generated  (in  natural  units  and  relative  to 
volumes of extracted gas); 
determine any additional applicable indicators to be added, for example: natural gas and solid 
fuel  consumed  for  heating,  compressors  and  other  equipment;  diesel  fuel  used  in  diesel 
generators; consumption of petrol and diesel in vehicles, etc.; 
determine potential benchmarks; and 
determine the reporting frequency. 

We will keep shareholders updated on this initiative of recognised significance. 

• 

Business conduct 

We aim to ensure that the Company behaves responsibly in the wider community, and that our business 
is operated in a responsible manner, operating within the high standards of business conduct and good 
governance expected for a business such as ours. We have in place, and monitor adherence to, our 
Anti-Bribery and Corruption Policy and a range of QHSE related policies. This approach contributes to 
the delivery of our business plan by ensuring we work in an honest and ethical way, and we require the 
same from our employees, contractors and others connected with the business.  

37 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
  
 
 
  
 
• 

Fair engagement with shareholders 

Our intention is always to behave responsibly toward our shareholders and treat them fairly and equally, 
so they, too,  may benefit from the successful delivery of our business plan. In light of our significant 
majority shareholder, we have in place a Relationship Agreement to ensure that the management and 
governance  of  the  Company  is  and  remains  independent.  We  have  adopted  and,  subject  to  limited 
exceptions, adhere to the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code 2018 (“QCA Code”) 
to ensure clearly defined governance procedures within our business. 

Strategic Report Approval  

The  Strategic  Report,  which  incorporates  Highlights,  Chairman’s  Statement,  Chief  Executive’s  Statement, 
Business Model, Our Strategic Priorities, Overview of Assets, Overview of Reserves, Finance Review, Key 
Performance Indicators, Sustainability, Principal Risks and Uncertainties and Statement under s172(1) of the 
Companies Act 2006, was approved by the Board on 20 June 2024 and signed on its behalf by: 

Chuck Valceschini 
Chairman 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance  

Board of Directors 

Chuck Valceschini 
Non-Executive Chairman 

Chuck  Valceschini  was  appointed  as  Non-Executive  Chairman  in  March  2024.  Mr  Valceschini  is  an 
experienced senior executive and director, with extensive knowledge of the global oil and gas industry. He 
commenced his career in technical and operational roles with Marathon Oil Corporation in the United States. 
He then moved to similar roles in international postings with IPR Energy Group and Nobel Oil. He subsequently 
joined Anglo Albanian Petroleum, American Energy Group, Hycarbex Inc and Severtek LLC, and then TNK-
BP and BP plc in senior technical and management roles. He subsequently founded Valceschini & Associates 
LLC to provide technical and commercial services to the oil and gas industry. He has also been a Director of 
Block Energy and Chairman of JKX Oil & Gas. Mr Valceschini has a BSc in Petroleum Engineering from the 
University  of  Wyoming,  and  an  MSc  in  Engineering  Management  from  Portland  State  University.  He  is  a 
member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers.  

Audit Committee Chairman 
Remuneration Committee Member 
Nomination Committee Chairman 
HSE Committee Member 

Bruce Burrows 
Finance Director 
Bruce  Burrows  was  appointed  as  Finance  Director  in  June  2019,  having  previously  been  a  Non-Executive 
Director since August 2017. Mr Burrows has extensive experience in the oil and gas industry, and, in particular, 
Ukraine and Eastern Europe, having been Finance Director of JKX Oil & Gas for 14 years until 2011. Since 
then, he has been Chief Financial Officer of Seven Energy International, Lekoil, and AITEO Group, and has 
served as a non-executive Director of Azonto Petroleum and European Goldfields. Mr Burrows is a member 
of  the  Institute  of  Chartered  Accountants  of  Australia  &  New  Zealand,  and  holds  a  BSc  Honours  from 
Canterbury University (New Zealand) and a Diploma in Accounting from Victoria University (New Zealand).  

Nomination Committee Member 

Dr Gehrig Schultz 
Non-Executive Director 
Gehrig  Schultz  became  a  Non-Executive  Director  in  August  2022.  He  is  a  geophysicist  with  extensive 
experience in the global oil and gas industry. He commenced his career in South America, with management 
roles  with  Western  Geophysical  and  Grant  Geophysical,  before  joining  PGS  Onshore  to  assist  with  the 
development  of its geophysical business worldwide.  He was then Chairman and Chief  Executive Officer of 
Prospectiuni  S.A.  and  Chairman  of  Tender  Oil  &  Gas,  before  founding  Surus  Geophysical  B.V.  to  provide 
geophysical consulting services. He joined EPI Limited in 2018 as Chief Operating Officer of Geoscience, and 
currently leads the geoscience division. Mr Schultz has a BSc in Geophysical Engineering from the Colorado 
School of Mines, and a PhD in Geophysics from the University of Bucharest. 

Audit Committee Member 
Remuneration Committee Chairman 
HSE Committee Chairman 

Alexey Pertin 
Non-Executive Director 
Alexey Pertin was appointed as a Non-Executive Director in April 2011 and is a nominee of the Company's 
indirect majority shareholder, Smart Holding (Cyprus) Limited. He is currently Chairman of the Supervisory 
Board of PJSC Smart-Holding, having previously been Chief Executive Officer of PJSC Smart-Holding. He is 
also Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Metinvest B.V., and Chairman of the Strategic & Investment 
Committee of the Supervisory Board of Metinvest B.V. He also holds Director positions with Adeona Holdings 

39 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Limited,  Smart  Holding  (Cyprus)  Limited  and  Smart  Holding  N.V.  Mr  Pertin  previously  held  the  position  of 
Strategy  and  Corporate  Development  Director  of  PJSC  Smart-Holding.  Prior  to  joining  the  Smart  Holding 
Group, he held various management positions at JSC Severstal-Group, including the positions of Deputy Chief 
Executive  Officer  for  Business  Development  at  JSC  Severstal-Group  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  CJSC 
Izhora  Pipe  Plant.  Mr  Pertin  graduated  from  Cherepovets  State  University  and  Saint  Petersburg  State 
Technical University with qualifications in financial management, and he also holds an MBA from Newcastle 
Business School, England. 

HSE Committee Member 

Yuliia Kirianova 
Non-Executive Director 
Yuliia Kirianova was appointed as a Non-Executive Director in May 2016 and is a nominee of the Company's 
indirect majority shareholder, Smart Holding (Cyprus) Limited. Ms Kirianova is currently the Chief Executive 
Officer  of  PJSC  Smart-Holding,  having  previously  been  Chief  Financial  Officer  and  First  Deputy  Chief 
Executive Officer of PJSC Smart-Holding. Prior to joining the Smart Holding Group, Ms Kirianova held positions 
at ING Bank Ukraine, JSC System Capital Management and LLC DCH Investment Management. Ms Kirianova 
holds  a  degree  in  Finance  from  the  National  Academy  of  Management,  Kyiv  and  an  MBA  from  the  Open 
University. 

Audit Committee Member 

Igor Basai 
Non-Executive Director 
Igor  Basai was  appointed  as a Non-Executive  Director in March 2024  and  is  a  nominee of the Company’s 
indirect majority shareholder, Smart Holding (Cyprus) Limited. Mr Basai is an experienced human resources 
professional,  having  started  his  career  in  recruitment  with  HR  Consulting  and  Brain  Source  International, 
before joining the HR department of Metinvest Holding. He then held senior HR roles with RU-COM Group, 
British  American  Tobacco,  Prodo  Group,  Kellogg,  PepsiCo  and  Interpipe,  before  joining  the  Smart-Holding 
Group as HR and Organisational Development Director. Mr Basai has a Specialist Degree in English Philology 
and  Practical  Psychology  from  the  Kyiv  National  Linguistic  University,  and  a  Postgraduate  Diploma  in  HR 
Management from Nottingham Trent University. 

Remuneration Committee Member 
Nomination Committee Member 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement 

The Company has adopted the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code 2018 (“QCA Code”). 
This statement sets out how the Company complies with, or departs from, the 10 principles of the QCA Code. 

1.  Strategy and business model 

The Group is engaged in the exploration and development of oil and gas projects, with assets in Ukraine. 

The  Directors  of  the  Company  set  the  Company’s  strategy  and  monitor  its  implementation  through 
management and financial performance reviews. The Board also works to ensure that adequate resources are 
available to implement the Company’s strategy in a timely manner. The Company has set out a strategy and 
business model (including the key challenges to its implementation) to promote long-term value creation for 
shareholders and will update all shareholders on this in its Annual Report each year. 

The  Board  meets  on  a  regular  basis  to  discuss  the  strategic  direction  of  the  Company  and  any  significant 
deviation or change will be highlighted promptly should this occur. 

2.  Understanding and meeting shareholders’ needs and expectations 

The Company is committed to listening to, and communicating openly with, its shareholders to ensure that its 
strategy, business model and performance are clearly understood. The Annual General Meeting is a forum for 
shareholders to engage in dialogue with the Board. The results of the Annual General Meeting are published 
via  a  regulatory  information  service  and  can  be  found  in  the  News  section  of  the  Company’s  website  at 
www.enwell-energy.com.  

Chuck Valceschini, Chairman, Oleksiy Zayets, Interim Chief Executive Officer, and Bruce Burrows, Finance 
Director, are the principal contacts between the Company and its shareholders, with whom they each maintain 
a regular dialogue. The views of shareholders are communicated to the whole Board. 

The  Company’s  progress  on  achieving  its  key  targets  is  regularly  communicated  to  investors  through  its 
announcements to the market. The Company also utilises other professional advisers such as the Company’s 
Nominated  Adviser,  Broker  and  the  Company  Secretary,  who  provide  advice  and  recommendations  on 
shareholder communication. 

3.  Taking into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-

term success 

The  Board  members  recognise  their  responsibilities  to  stakeholders  including  staff,  suppliers,  customers, 
regulators and within the communities in which the Company operates. The Company has senior managers 
of its operating divisions who provide regular feedback to the Chief Executive Officer, who then ensures that 
the  Board  as  a  whole  is  informed  of  any  major  developments.  In  turn,  the  Board  communicates  with 
management and staff on key issues which may affect them in connection with the Group’s business. 

The Company is involved in the local communities close to its operations through sponsorship and community 
projects and activities. Careful attention is given to ensure that all operational activities are performed in an 
environmentally  responsible  manner  and  in  accordance  with  applicable  laws  and  regulations.  Both  the 
involvement  in  local  communities  and  the  performance  of  operational  activities  in  an  environmentally 
responsible manner are monitored by the Board to ensure that ethical values and behaviours are recognised.  

4.  Embedding effective risk management 

The  Board  regularly  reviews  the  risks  facing  the  business  and  the  internal  controls  which  are  in  place  to 
address these risks. The Company has a Management Risk Committee that monitors the Group’s business 
operations and identifies key risks that are faced. The Management Risk Committee maintains a Risk Register 
and  Mitigation  Plan  that  is  formally  reviewed  and  updated  quarterly.  The  Management  Risk  Committee 
regularly reports to the Board on risk management and mitigation.  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Company  is  committed  to  maintaining  the  highest  quality,  health,  safety  and  environment  (“QHSE”) 
standards and the effective management of these areas is an intrinsic element of the overall business ethos. 
The  Company  has  a  Health,  Safety  and  Environment  Committee  that  oversees  and  monitors  the  Group’s 
activities and adherence to its QHSE policies, as well as supervising the updating and implementation of such 
policies. The Health, Safety and Environment Committee meets regularly and reports to the Board on all QHSE 
matters.  Through  strict  enforcement  of  the  Group’s  QHSE  policies,  together  with  regular  management 
meetings, training and the appointment of dedicated safety professionals, the Company strives to ensure that 
the impact of its business activities on its staff, contractors and the environment is as low as is reasonably 
practicable.  The  Company  reports  safety  and  environmental  performance  in  accordance  with  oil  industry 
practice and guidelines. 

The Board is responsible for the Group’s system of internal control and reviewing its effectiveness. Any such 
system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives and can 
only  provide  reasonable  and  not  absolute  assurance  against  material  misstatement  or  loss.  However,  the 
Company  believes  that  its  internal  control  systems  are  appropriate  to  the  Company’s  business.  Internal 
controls  are  assessed  for  effectiveness  and  risks  are  monitored  and  reviewed  through  regular  Board  and 
management meetings. 

5.  Maintaining a balanced and well-functioning Board 

In the spirit of the QCA Code, it is the Board’s function to ensure that the Company is managed for the long-
term benefit of all shareholders and other stakeholders with effective and efficient decision-making. Corporate 
governance is an important part of that function, reducing risk and adding value to the Company. The Chairman 
oversees  Corporate  Governance  compliance  for  the  Company  and  the  Board  monitors  the  governance 
framework of the Company on an ongoing basis. 

As  an  AIM-quoted  company,  the  Company  is  required  to  apply  a  recognised  corporate  governance  code, 
demonstrating how it complies with such corporate governance code and where it departs from it. 

The  Board has formally  adopted the QCA Code as the basis for its corporate  governance framework. The 
Board recognises the principles of the QCA Code, which focus on the creation of medium to long-term value 
for shareholders. The Company will provide annual updates on its compliance with the QCA Code in its Annual 
Reports. 

The composition of the Board is as follows: 

Board Member 

Chuck Valceschini (Chairman) * 
Bruce Burrows 
Alexey Pertin  
Yuliia Kirianova 
Gehrig Schultz   
Igor Basai * 
Chris Hopkinson ** 
Sergii Glazunov ** 
*appointed 7 March 2024 / ** resigned 7 March 2024 

2023 Meetings Attended  
(out of a total possible) 
0/0 
20/20 
1/20 
10/20 
16/20 
0/0 
20/20 
20/20 

The Board comprises six Directors, being the Non-Executive Chairman, the Finance Director and four Non-
Executive Directors, reflecting a blend of different experience and backgrounds. The Non-Executive Chairman 
is Chuck Valceschini. Three of the Non-Executive Directors are nominees of Smart Holding (Cyprus) Limited, 
the indirect majority shareholder of the Company. The Company has entered into a Relationship Agreement 
with  Smart  Holding  (Cyprus)  Limited,  which  regulates  the  relationship  between  them  to  ensure  that  the 
business and affairs of the Company are managed by the Board, independently of Smart Holding (Cyprus) 
Limited and its associated entities. The Board also has procedures in place to monitor and deal with Directors’ 
conflicts of interest. The Directors are expected to devote such time as is necessary for the proper performance 
of their respective duties. The Executive Director is an employee of the Group, and the Non-Executive Directors 
are expected to spend a minimum number of days on the Group’s business each year. The Board considers 

42 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chuck  Valceschini  and  Gehrig  Schultz  to  be  independent  Non-Executives  in  terms  of  the  QCA  guidelines, 
although given the size of the Company, the Board has not appointed a senior independent Director.   

The  Board  is  responsible  for  setting  the  direction  of  the  Company  through  the  establishment  of  strategic 
objectives and key policies. The Board has a schedule of matters reserved for its review and approval, and 
such items include Group strategy, approval of major capital expenditure projects, approval of the annual and 
interim  results,  annual  budgets,  dividend  policy,  Board  composition  and  structure,  and  appointment  and 
assessment of senior management. The Board monitors the exposure to key business risks and reviews the 
strategic  direction  of  all  operating  subsidiaries,  their  annual  budgets,  their  performance  in  relation  to  those 
budgets and their capital expenditure. The Board maintains its independence from the day-to-day responsibility 
for managing the business which it delegates to the Chief Executive Officer and the senior management team. 
The Chief Executive Officer, being the senior executive, has a particular role and areas of responsibility and 
engages with the Company’s shareholders and stakeholders as required. 

Regular Board meetings are held (a minimum of four per year) and ad hoc meetings are scheduled as required. 
The attendance at Board and Committee meetings during the year will be reported in the Annual Report.  All 
Directors  have  access  to  management,  including  the  Company  Secretary,  and  to  such  information  as  is 
needed to carry out their duties and responsibilities fully and effectively. Furthermore, all Directors are entitled 
to seek independent professional advice concerning the affairs of the Company, at its expense.  

All Directors are subject to election by shareholders at the first opportunity following their appointment by the 
Board. In addition, Directors will retire by rotation and stand for re-election by shareholders at least once every 
three years in accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association. 

Further details of the Board of Directors, and their roles and background, are set out in the preceding pages 
of this Report. 

6.  Having appropriate experience, skills and capabilities on the Board 

The Board has a mix of experience, skills, gender, linguistic and personal qualities that help deliver the strategy 
of  the  Company,  including  managerial,  technical  and  financial  expertise  in  the  oil  and  gas  industry.  The 
composition of the Board ensures that no one individual or group dominates the decision-making process. The 
Company will ensure that between them the Directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and 
capabilities to deliver the Company’s strategy and targets. The Directors keep their respective skills up-to-date 
through  a  combination  of  attendance  at  relevant  industry  events  and  conferences,  continued  professional 
development and experience gained from other board and management roles. 

7.  Evaluating Board performance  

Given  the  Company’s  current  size,  the  Board  has  not  considered  it  necessary  to  undertake  an  external 
assessment of the Board performance and effectiveness during the period, but monitors for any such need. 

8.  Ethical values and behaviours  

The  Company  operates  a  corporate  culture  that  is  based  on  ethical  values  and  behaviours.  It  maintains  a 
quality  system  appropriate  to  the  standards  required  for  a  Company  of  its  size.  The  Board  communicates 
regularly with management through meetings and messages, and information is cascaded to staff at operating 
subsidiaries via management meetings with operational personnel. 

The  Company  maintains  appropriate  policies  which  reflect  these  values,  including  an  Anti-Bribery  and 
Corruption Policy in relation to its compliance with the Bribery Act 2010, and Policies on Disclosure of Inside 
Information and Share Dealing. These policies set out the high ethical standards required of the Group’s staff 
in the course of carrying out its business activities regarding dealing with gifts, hospitality, corruption, fraud, 
the use of inside information and whistle-blowing. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9.  Maintaining governance structures and processes  

The Board 
In addition to the Chairman’s Statement and explanation provided under principle 5 above, the Chairman is 
responsible for the  leadership of  the Board  and is pivotal to fostering  a culture that  adopts good corporate 
governance. 

The  Chairman,  together  with  the  rest  of  the  Board,  sets  the  direction  for  the  Company  through  a  formal 
schedule  of  matters  reserved  for  its  decision.  The  Chief  Executive  Officer,  as  the  senior  executive,  has  a 
particular role and areas of responsibility and engages with the Company’s shareholders and stakeholders as 
required. The Board has a schedule of matters reserved for its review and approval, and such items include 
Group  strategy,  approval  of  major  capital  expenditure  projects,  approval  of  the  annual  and  interim  results, 
annual budgets, dividend policy, Board composition and structure, and the appointment and assessment of 
senior management. The Board monitors the exposure to key business risks and reviews the strategic direction 
of  all  operating  subsidiaries,  their  annual  budgets,  their  performance  in  relation  to  those  budgets  and  their 
capital  expenditure.  The  Board  delegates  day-to-day  responsibility  for  managing  the  business  to  the  Chief 
Executive Officer and the senior management team. 

Committees 
The  Board  has  established  four  committees,  being  the  Audit  Committee,  Remuneration  Committee, 
Nomination Committee and Health, Safety and Environment Committee. The Audit Committee is composed of 
two  independent  Non-Executive  Directors  (Chuck  Valceschini  and  Gehrig  Schultz)  and  a  Non-Executive 
Director  (Yuliia  Kirianova)  who  is  a  nominee  of  Smart  Holding  (Cyprus)  Limited,  the  indirect  majority 
shareholder of the Company. The Remuneration Committee is composed of two independent Non-Executive 
Directors (Chuck Valceschini and Gehrig Schultz) and a Non-Executive Director (Igor Basai) who is a nominee 
of Smart Holding (Cyprus) Limited. The Nomination Committee is composed of an independent Non-Executive 
Director (Chuck Valceschini), an Executive Director (Bruce Burrows) and a Non-Executive Director (Igor Basai) 
who  is  a  nominee  of  Smart  Holding  (Cyprus)  Limited.  The  Health,  Safety  and  Environment  Committee  is 
composed of two independent Non-Executive Directors (Chuck Valceschini and Gehrig Schultz) and a Non-
Executive  Director  (Alexey  Pertin)  who  is  a  nominee  of  Smart  Holding  (Cyprus)  Limited.  The  QCA  Code 
recommends  that  the  membership  of  these  committees  is  made  up  of  only  independent  non-executive 
directors, but given the size of the Company and the fact that three of the Directors are nominees of  Smart 
Holding (Cyprus) Limited, the Board considers that the composition of these Committees is appropriate in the 
circumstances. 

Audit Committee 
The Audit Committee meets not less than twice a year to review the published financial information, and the 
effectiveness  of  external  audit  and  internal  financial  controls.  It  deals  with  the  appointment,  terms  of 
engagement and fees of the external Auditors, the scope of the audit, review of the financial statements and 
reports, including any changes to accounting policies or practices, and the review of the Group’s system of 
risk  management  and  internal  controls  and  compliance  with  applicable  laws  and  regulations.  Meetings  are 
normally attended, by invitation, by a representative of the Auditors. 

The composition of the Audit Committee is as follows: 

Committee Member 

Chuck Valceschini (Chairman) * 
Gehrig Schultz  
Yuliia Kirianova * 
Bruce Burrows ** 
Chris Hopkinson ** 
*appointed 7 March 2024 / **resigned 7 March 2024 

2023 Meetings Attended 
(out of a total possible) 
0/0 
4/4 
0/0 
4/4 
4/4 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration Committee 
The Remuneration Committee is responsible for establishing and developing the Company’s general policy on 
executive and senior management remuneration, having regard to the need to attract and retain individuals of 
the highest calibre and with the appropriate experience to make a significant contribution to the Group, and 
determining specific remuneration packages for Executive Directors and senior management. 

The composition of the Remuneration Committee is as follows: 

Committee Member 

Gehrig Schultz (Chairman) * 
Charles Valceschini   
Igor Basai * 
Bruce Burrows ** 
Chris Hopkinson ** 
*appointed 7 March 2024 / ** resigned 7 March 2024 

2023 Meetings Attended 
(out of a total possible) 
2/2 
0/0 
0/0 
0/2 
2/2 

Nomination Committee 
The Nomination Committee is responsible for overseeing the Company’s recruitment of Directors and senior 
executive  management,  reviewing  the  composition  and  evaluating  the  expertise  of  the  Board  and  senior 
executive management and ensuring that a  process is in place for orderly succession to  Board and senior 
management positions. The Nomination Committee was established in June 2024. 

The composition of the Nomination Committee is as follows: 

Committee Member 

Charles Valceschini (Chairman)  
Bruce Burrows   
Igor Basai 

Health, Safety and Environment Committee 
The  Health,  Safety  and  Environment  Committee  meets  not  less  than  once  a  year  to  oversee  and  monitor 
QHSE matters affecting the Company and its business activities. It is responsible for the supervision of QHSE 
matters,  including  evaluation  of  the  effectiveness  of  QHSE  policies,  assessment  of  Group  performance 
regarding  the  impact  of  decisions  relating  to  QHSE  issues,  oversight  of  compliance  of  QHSE  policies  with 
applicable  international  and  oil  industry  practice  and  guidelines,  and  development  and  maintenance  of  the 
framework of QHSE policies for the management and reporting of QHSE issues affecting the Group. During 
the period, there was frequent communication between the HSE Committee members in relation to their remit, 
despite  no  formal  meetings  being  convened,  this  being  dictated  by  the  disruption  and  adjustment  to  work 
locations and practices caused by the war in Ukraine. 

The composition of the Health, Safety and Environment Committee is as follows: 

Committee Member 

Gehrig Schultz (Chairman)  
Chuck Valceschini * 
Alexey Pertin * 
Chris Hopkinson **  
Sergii Glazunov ** 
*appointed 7 March 2024 / **resigned 7 March 2024 

2023 Meetings Attended 
(out of a total possible) 
0/0 
0/0 
0/0 
0/0 
0/0 

10.  Communicating with shareholders and other relevant stakeholders  

The Board recognises that it is accountable to shareholders for the performance and activities of the Company 
and the Group. The Board engages in discussions with shareholders as appropriate from time to time through 
formal meetings or correspondence and audio-visual and telephone discussions. The Annual General Meeting 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of  the  Company  provides  an  opportunity  for  the  Directors  to  present  to  shareholders  a  report  on  current 
operations and developments and enables shareholders to express their views about the Company’s business. 

As required by Rule 26 of the AIM Rules for Companies, the Company publishes historical Annual Reports, 
Interim Reports, Notices of General Meetings and all announcements since the Company’s admission to the 
AIM Market, which are available in the News section of its website at www.enwell-energy.com. 

The Board does not publish an Audit Committee or Remuneration Committee report in its Annual Report as 
the  Board considers this is not appropriate  given the  size and stage of development of  the Company. The 
Board will consider annually whether it considers it appropriate for these reports to be included in future Annual 
Reports. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report 

The Directors present their Annual Report and the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 
31 December 2023. 

Statement under Section 172(1) of the Companies Act 2006 

The Statement by the Directors in the performance of their statutory duties in accordance with Section 172(1) of 
the Companies Act 2006 is set out in the Strategic Report. 

Future Developments  

The  future  developments  relating  to  the  Group  are  described  in  the  Strategic  Report,  and  are  therefore  not 
repeated in the Directors’ Report in accordance with Section 414C(11) of the Companies Act 2006 and related 
statutory requirements. 

Dividends 

An interim dividend of 15 pence per ordinary share, totalling £48.1 million, was paid for the period on 15 June 
2023 (2022: nil). No final dividend for the period is proposed (2022: nil).  

Capital Structure 

Details  of  the  issued  share  capital,  together  with  details  of  the  movements  in  the  Company's  issued  share 
capital during the year, are shown in Note 26. The Company has one class of ordinary shares which carry no 
right to fixed income. Each share carries the right to one vote at general meetings of the Company.  

There are no specific restrictions on the size of a holding nor on the transfer of shares, which are both governed 
by the general provisions of the Articles of Association of the Company and prevailing legislation. The Directors 
are not aware of any agreements between holders of the Company's shares that may result in restrictions on 
the transfer of securities or on voting rights.  

No person has any special rights of control over the Company's share capital and all issued shares are fully 
paid. 

With  regard  to  the  appointment  and  replacement  of  Directors,  the  Company  is  governed  by  its  Articles  of 
Association, the Companies Act 2006 and related legislation. The Articles of Association themselves may be 
amended by special resolution of the shareholders. The powers of the Directors are described in the Corporate 
Governance Statement. 

Directors and Directors’ Interests 

The Directors who held office during the year and up to the date hereof were as follows: 

Chris Hopkinson (resigned 7 March 2024) 
Sergii Glazunov (resigned 7 March 2024) 
Alexey Pertin 
Yuliia Kirianova 
Bruce Burrows 
Gehrig Schultz  
Chuck Valceschini (appointed 7 March 2024) 
Igor Basai (appointed 7 March 2024) 

None of the Directors who held office at the end of the financial year had any disclosable interest in the shares 
of the Company or any other Group companies. 

According to the register of Directors’ interests, no rights to subscribe for shares in or debentures of Group 
companies were granted to any of the Directors or their immediate families, or exercised by them, during the 
financial year. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

47 

 
 
 
Directors’ Indemnities 

The Company has made qualifying third party indemnity provisions for the benefit of its Directors in accordance 
with Section 234 of the Companies Act 2006, which were made during the year and remain in force at the date 
of this report. 

Political Contributions 

During the year the Group did not make any political contributions (2022: nil). 

Financial Risk Management 

The Group’s financial risk management is disclosed in the Strategic Report,  and is therefore not repeated in 
the  Directors’  Report  in  accordance  with  Section  414C(11)  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  and  related  statutory 
requirements. 

Post Balance Sheet Events 

Details of significant events since the Balance Sheet date are contained in Note 32. 

Substantial Shareholders 

As at 20 June 2024, the Company had been notified of the following interests of 3% or more in its issued share 
capital: 

Substantial Shareholder 

Smart Energy (CY) Limited * 

Pope Asset Management 

Number of 
shares 

264,996,769 

22,273,339 

% of issued 
ordinary 
share capital 

82.65% 

6.95% 

* Smart Energy (CY) Limited is 100% owned by Smart Holding (Cyprus) Limited. 

Going Concern Assessment 

The  Directors  have  assessed  the  ability  of  the  Group  and  the  Company  to  continue  as  a  going  concern, 
including considering the impact of the ongoing war in Ukraine, and the results of this assessment are set out 
in Note 2. 

Directors’ Responsibilities Statement 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law, 
the Directors have prepared the Group and  Company financial statements  in accordance with UK-adopted 
international accounting standards.  

Under company law, the Directors must not  approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company and of the profit or loss of the 
Group for that period. In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

• 

• 

• 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

state whether applicable UK-adopted international accounting standards have been followed, subject to 
any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; 

make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and 

48 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the 
Group and Company will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group and Company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors are also responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and 
explain  the  Group’s  and  Company’s  transactions  and  disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at  any  time  the 
financial position of the Group and Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply 
with the Companies Act 2006. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the Company’s website. Legislation in the 
United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation 
in other jurisdictions. 

Directors’ Confirmations 

In the case of each Director in office at the date the Directors’ Report is approved: 

• 

• 

so  far  as  the  Director  is  aware,  there  is  no  relevant  audit  information  of  which  the  Group’s  and 
Company’s Auditors are unaware; and  

the  Director  has  taken  all  the  steps  that  he/she  ought  to  have  taken  as  a  Director  in  order  to  make 
himself/herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Group’s and Company’s 
Auditors are aware of that information. 

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of section 418 of the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Independent Auditors 

A resolution to reappoint Zenth Audit Ltd as Independent Auditors will be proposed at the next Annual General 
Meeting. 

On behalf of the Board 

Chuck Valceschini 
Chairman 
20 June 2024 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditors’ Report to the members of Enwell Energy plc 

Report on the audit of the financial statements 

Opinion 
We  have  audited  the  financial  statements  of  Enwell  Energy  plc  (the  “Company”)  and  together  with  its 
subsidiaries (the ”Group”).  These financial statements are  included within  the Annual Report  and Financial 
Statements (the "Annual Report"), which comprise: the consolidated and company balance sheets as at 31 
December  2023;  the  consolidated  income  statement,  the  consolidated  and  company  statements  of 
comprehensive  income,  the  consolidated  and  company  cash  flow  statements,  and  the  consolidated  and 
company statements of changes in equity for the year then ended; and the notes to the financial statements, 
which include a description of the significant accounting policies. 

In  our  opinion,  Enwell  Energy  plc's  G roup  financial  statements  and  C ompany  financial  statements  (the 
"financial statements"): 

• 

• 
• 

give a true and fair view of the state of the Group's and of the Company's affairs as at 31  December 2023 
and of the Group's profit and the Group's and Company's cash flows for the year then ended; 
have been properly prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards; and 
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 
We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  International  Standards  on  Auditing  (UK)  (ISAs  (UK))  and 
applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities 
for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  section  of  our  report.  We  are  independent  of  the  Company  in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, 
including  the FRC's  Ethical Standard as applicable to listed  entities, and we  have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern assumption on the Company financial statements 
In auditing the Company financial statements, we have concluded that the Directors' use of the going concern 
basis of accounting in the preparation of the Company financial statements is appropriate. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or 
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as 
a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for 
issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report. However, because not all future events or conditions can be predicted, this 
statement is not a guarantee as to the Company’s ability as a going concern. 

Material uncertainty related to going concern on the Group financial statements 
In  forming  our  opinion  on  the  Group  financial  statements,  which  is  not  modified,  we  have  considered  the 
adequacy  of  the  disclosure  made  in  Note  2  to  the  financial  statements  concerning  the  Group's  ability  to 
continue as a going concern. The Group's operations are entirely based in Ukraine. On 24 February 2022, the 
Russian Federation commenced a military invasion of Ukraine which disrupted operations at the Group’s field 
locations. As described in Note 2 “Going concern” to the financial statements, following the adoption of new 
legislation the Ukrainian authorities suspended in May 2023 the VAS production licence and the SC exploration 
licence for a period of 5 years. The future development of this conflict and the future actions of the Ukrainian 
state authorities are inherently uncertain and might have potential short and long-term impact on the Group's 
operations, staff and assets in Ukraine. These conditions, along with the other matters explained in Note 2 to 
the financial statements, indicate the existence of a material uncertainty which may cast significant doubt about 
the Group's ability to continue as a going concern and realise its assets in the normal course of business. The 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Group  financial  statements do  not  include  the  adjustments  that  would  result  if  the  Group  were  unable  to 
continue as a going concern. 

In auditing the Group financial statements, we have concluded that the Directors' use of the going concern 
basis of accounting in the preparation of the Group financial statements is appropriate. 

Our evaluation of the Directors' assessment of the Group's ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis 
of accounting included: 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 

• 

We obtained the Directors' assessment and conclusions with respect to going concern. 
We discussed the going concern assessment with management and those charged with governance 
and challenged the key assumptions, estimates and judgements made in the assessment. 
We tested the cash flow models used in the going concern assessment. 
We assessed the likelihood of the different scenarios and sensitivities considered by the Directors, with 
specific  consideration  of  the  potential  impact  of  the  Russian  military  invasion  of  Ukraine  and  the 
suspension of other MEX-GOL and SV licences by the state authorities in Ukraine. 
We discussed with the Group legal advisers the measures taken by the Group to defend its business 
and assets in Ukraine 
We considered the appropriateness of the disclosures made in respect of going concern in the Group 
financial statements. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report. 

Our audit approach 

Overview 
Audit scope 
• 

Key audit matters 
• 

Materiality 
• 

• 

• 

• 
• 

In addition to the statutory audit of the parent company, we conducted full scope audits of two significant 
components  out  of  the  Group's  five  components  which  were  selected  due  to  their  size  and  risk 
characteristics. An audit of one or more account balances, classes of transactions or disclosures was 
performed at a further three components. 
This enabled us to obtain coverage of 100% of consolidated revenue, 100% coverage of consolidated 
profit before tax and 100% coverage of consolidated total assets of the Group. 

Material  uncertainty  related  to going concern  (refer  to  'Material  uncertainty  related  to  going  concern 
assumption on the Group financial statements' above). 
Carrying value of investments in, and loans to, subsidiary undertakings (parent). 

Overall Group  materiality:  US$2,921,000  (2022:  US$2,521,000)  based on 5% of three-year  average 
(2022: three-year average) profit before tax adjusted for non-recurring items. 
Overall Company materiality: US$925,000 (2022: US$1,690,000) based on 1% of total assets. 
Performance  materiality:  US$2,191,000  (2022:  US$1,260,000)  (Group)  and  US$695,000  (2022: 
US$845,000) (Company). 

The scope of our audit 
As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material misstatement in 
the financial statements. 

Key audit matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in the auditors' professional judgement, were of most significance in 
the audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant  assessed risks of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) identified by the auditors, including those which had the 
greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts 
of  the  engagement  team.  These  matters,  and  any  comments  we  make  on  the  results  of  our  procedures 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
thereon, were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our 
opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

In addition to going concern, described in the 'Material uncertainty related to going concern assumption on the 
Group financial statements' section  above, we determined the matters described  below to  be the key audit 
matters to be communicated in our report. This is not a complete list of all risks identified by our audit. 

Key audit matter 
Carrying  value  of  investments  in,  and  loans  to, 
subsidiary undertakings (parent) 

Refer to Note 3 'Significant Accounting Judgements 
and Estimates' and Note 19 'Investments and Loans 
to  Subsidiary  Undertakings'.  As  at  31  December 
2023,  the  Company  had  a  total  investment  in 
subsidiaries  of  US$69.9  million  (2022:  US$80.7 
million)  comprising 
in  shares  of 
US$30.7 million  (2022:  US$30.7  million)  and  long 
term  investment  loans  of  US$39.2  million  (2022: 
US$50.0 million). 

investment 

At the balance sheet date, management updated its 
assessment  of  the  expected  credit  loss  on  the 
Company's intercompany receivable and determined 
that  the  provision  against  the  receivable  should  be 
In  addition, 
increased  by  US$15.0  million. 
management  updated 
the 
recoverable amount of the Company's investments in 
its  subsidiaries  and  determined  that  no  impairment 
loss should be recognised. 

its  assessment  of 

the  recoverability  of 

the 
The  assessment  of 
involves  subjective 
investments'  carrying  value 
judgements about future business performance, with 
key assumptions including cash flows and discount 
rates.  The  assessment  of  expected  credit  loss 
requires subjective judgements and estimates of the 
timing of future cash flows. 

Accordingly, this was  an area of focus for our audit 
as  there  is  a  risk  that  the  carrying  value  of  the 
Company's  investments  in  subsidiaries  and  the 
intercompany 
receivables  could  be  materially 
misstated. 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

in,  and 

To  address  the  risk  that  the  carrying  amount  of 
investments 
to,  subsidiary 
undertakings  as  at  31  December  2023,  may  be 
misstated,  we 
following 
performed 
procedures: 

loans 

the 

- Discussed  with  management 
assumptions used; 

the 

key 

- Evaluated  the  overall  methodology  applied  in 
management's  assessment of the expected credit 
losses on loans  to subsidiaries  and determination 
of  the  recoverable  amounts  of  investments  in 
and 
subsidiaries 
appropriateness,  and  verified  the  mathematical 
accuracy of the related cash flow models; 

reasonableness 

for 

- Validated the assumptions used by management 
by  agreeing  or  comparing  them  to  external  and 
internal sources, where  appropriate; recalculated 
the weighted average cost of capital using inputs 
from external sources; 

- Agreed  internally  generated  assumptions  to  the 
approved budgets and management plans; 

- Performed  sensitivity  analysis  to  understand  if 
reasonably  possible  changes  in  management's 
assumptions would result in a material change in 
the balances. 

We  concur  with  management's  conclusions  in 
respect of the carrying amount of investments in, 
and  loans  to,  subsidiary  undertakings  as  at  31 
December 2023 and the resulting impact on profit 
or loss. 

We verified that the Company's assessment  was 
appropriately  accounted  for  and  disclosed  in  the 
company financial statements for the year ended 
31  December  2023,  including  the  disclosure  of 
applicable estimates and judgements. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
How we tailored the audit scope 
We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed enough work  to be able to give an opinion on 
the financial  statements  as a  whole,  taking  into account  the structure  of  the  Group and  the Company,  the 
accounting processes and controls, and the industry in which they operate. 

The Group is structured as two operating segments on a geographical basis: the UK head office and Ukrainian 
oil and gas exploration, development and production. The consolidated financial statements are a consolidation 
of six legal entities, comprising the Group's operating businesses and centralised functions. 

Day-to-day management of the operations of the Group and the Company, including accounting and. financial 
reporting, is undertaken in Kyiv, Ukraine. Accordingly, a significant portion of our audit work was undertaken in 
Kyiv on our  behalf  by Ukrainian component auditors,  part  of  a reputable  international  accounting network. In 
establishing the overall approach to the Group audit, we determined the type of work that needed to be performed 
by us, as the group audit team, or by the local firm in Ukraine, as a component audit team. 

We  conducted  full  scope  audits  of  the  parent  company  and  of  one  component  out  of  the  Group's  five 
components which were selected due to their size and risk characteristics. We audited the parent company 
financial  statements  and  the  component  auditors  audited  the  one  local  significant  component  which  was  a 
representative office whereas we performed specific scope procedures for the holding company. An audit of 
one  or  more  account  balances,  classes  of  transactions  or  disclosures  was  performed  at  a  further  four 
insignificant components.  We carried  out two of these specific scope procedures and the component  team 
carried out two specific scope engagements.  

Further specific audit procedures relating to the consolidation, compliance with laws and regulations outside of 
Ukraine including the audit of UK tax, and procedures relating to the appropriate presentation and disclosure 
of the Annual Report and Financial Statements were performed directly by us as the group audit team. 

This enabled us to obtain coverage of 100% of consolidated revenue, 100% coverage of consolidated profit 
before tax and 100% coverage of consolidated total assets of the Group. 

Where work was performed by our component team in Ukraine, we determined the level of involvement  we 
needed to have in their work to ensure sufficient appropriate audit evidence had been obtained as a basis for 
our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements.  We  conducted  our  oversight  through  regular  dialogue  via  video 
conferencing,  calls  and  other  forms  of  communication  as  considered  necessary  and  appropriate  in  the 
circumstances  throughout  the  planning,  execution,  and  completion  phases  of  the  audit.  In  addition,  we 
performed a review of component auditor working papers to satisfy ourselves that the appropriate audit work 
had been performed. We also attended key meetings virtually with management in Ukraine and our component 
team. 

Materiality 
The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. We set certain quantitative thresholds 
for materiality. These, together with qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit 
and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures  on the individual financial statement line items and 
disclosures and in evaluating the effect of misstatements, both individually and in aggregate on the financial 
statements as a whole.  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Based on our professional  judgement,  we determined  materiality for the financial statements as a whole as 
follows: 

Overall 
materiality 
How we 
determined it 

for 

Rationale 
benchmark 
applied 

Financial statements - Group 
US$2,921,000 (2022: US$2,521,000). 

Financial statements - Company 
US$925,000 (2022: US$1,690,000). 

1% of total assets 

We  believe  that  total  assets  is  the 
primary measure used by shareholders 
in  assessing  the  performance  of  the 
Company, and is a generally accepted 
auditing benchmark. 

three-year  average  (2022: 

three-year 
5%  of 
average)  profit  before  tax  adjusted  for  non-
recurring ·items 
Profit before tax is the primary measure used by 
the shareholders in assessing the performance 
of  the  Group  and  is  a  generally  accepted 
auditing benchmark. The  Group's earnings are 
heavily influenced by the realised selling price of 
gas  and,  despite  the  relatively  stable  level  of 
production in the last three years, profit for the 
current  year  is  showing  a  decreasing  trend. 
Therefore,  it  was  considered  to be  appropriate 
to  use  an  average  of  profit  before  tax  and  the 
three-year  average  profit  before  tax  (2022: 
three-year  average)  was  considered  to  be  the 
most appropriate benchmark. 

For each component  in the scope of our Group audit, we allocated a materiality that is less than our overall 
Group  materiality.  The  range  of  materiality  allocated  across  components  was  between  US$1,168,000  and 
US$1,753,000. Certain components were audited to a local statutory audit materiality that was also less than 
our overall Group materiality. 

We use performance  materiality  to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability  that the aggregate of 
uncorrected  and  undetected  misstatements  exceeds  overall  materiality.  Specifically,  we  use  performance 
materiality in determining the scope of our audit and the nature and extent of our testing of account balances, 
classes of transactions and disclosures, for example in determining sample sizes. Due to this being our second 
year  audit,  our  performance  materiality  was  75%  (2022:  50%)  of  overall  materiality,  amounting  to 
US$2,191,000 (2022: US$1,260,000) for the Group financial statements and US$695,000 (2022: US$845,000) 
for the Company financial statements. 

In determining the performance materiality, we considered a number of factors - the history of misstatements, 
risk assessment and aggregation risk and the effectiveness of controls  - and concluded that an amount in the 
middle of our normal range was appropriate. 

We agreed with those charged with governance that we would report to them misstatements identified during 
our  audit  above  US$146,000  (2022:  US$126,000)  for  the  Group  audit  and  above  US$46,000  (2022: 
US$84,500) for the Company audit, as well as misstatements below those amounts that, in our view, warranted 
reporting for qualitative reasons. 

Reporting on other information 
The other information comprises all of the information in the Annual Report other than the financial statements 
and our auditors' report thereon. The Directors are responsible for the other information. Our opinion on the 
financial statements does not cover the other information and, accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion 
or, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in this report, any form of assurance thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, 
in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or 
our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify an apparent 
material inconsistency or material misstatement, we are required to perform procedures to conclude whether 
there is a material misstatement of the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. 

54 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If, based  on the  work  we  have performed,  we  conclude  that  there  is  a  material  misstatement  of  this  other 
information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report based on these responsibilities. 

With  respect  to  the  Strategic  Report  and  Directors'  Report,  we  also  considered  whether  the  disclosures 
required by the UK Companies Act 2006 have been included. 

Based on our work undertaken in the course of the audit, the Companies Act 2006 requires us also to report 
certain opinions and matters as described below. 

Strategic Report and Directors' Report 
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit, the information  given in the Strategic 
Report and Directors' Report for the year ended 31 December 2023 is consistent with the financial statements 
and has been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

In light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and Company and their environment obtained in the 
course of the audit, we did not identify any material misstatements in the Strategic Report and Directors' Report. 

Responsibilities for the financial statements and the audit 

Responsibilities of the Directors for the financial statements 
As  explained  more  fully  in  the  Directors'  Responsibilities  Statement,  the  Directors  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the applicable framework and for being satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view. The Directors are also responsible for such internal control as they determine is 
necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether 
due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  financial  statements,  the  Directors  are  responsible  for  assessing  the  Group's  and  the 
Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern 
and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the 
Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement,  whether  due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors'  report that includes  our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures  in  line  with  our  responsibilities, outlined  above,  to  detect  material  misstatements  in respect  of 
irregularities,  including  fraud.  The  extent  to  which  our  procedures  are  capable  of  detecting  irregularities, 
including fraud, is detailed below. 

Based on our understanding of the Group and industry, we identified that the principal risks of non compliance 
with laws and regulations  related  to the failure  to comply with environmental  regulations,  health  and  safety 
regulations and the relevant tax compliance regulations in the jurisdictions in which the Group operates, and 
we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial statements.  

We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the financial statements such as 
the  Companies  Act  2006.  We  evaluated  management's  incentives  and  opportunities  for  fraudulent 
manipulation of the financial statements (including the risk of override of controls), and determined that the 
principal  risks  were  related  to  posting  inappropriate  journal  entries  and  management  bias  in  accounting 
estimates. The Group engagement team shared this risk assessment with the component auditors so that they 
could include appropriate audit procedures in response to such risks in their work.  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit procedures performed by the group engagement team and/or component auditors included: 

• 

• 
• 

• 

Inquiries  of  management  and  those  charged  with  governance,  including  consideration  of  known  or 
suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulation and fraud; 
Understanding and evaluating controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities and fraud; 
Assessing  significant  judgements  and  estimates  in  particular  those  relating  to  the  carrying  value  of 
investments in, and loans to, subsidiary undertakings, and the disclosure of these items (and as outlined 
further in the 'Key audit matters' section of this report). 
Identifying and testing journal entries, using specific risk criteria, including journals with unusual account 
combinations,  journals  posted  by  unexpected  users,  journals  with  no  description  or  specific  words 
included in the description and year end and consolidation journals. 

There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above. We are less likely to become aware of 
instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations that are not closely related to events and transactions 
reflected  in  the  financial  statements.  Also,  the  risk  of  not  detecting  a  material  misstatement  due to fraud is 
higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment  by, 
for example, forgery or intentional misrepresentations, or through collusion. 

Our audit testing might  include  testing complete  populations  of certain  transactions  and balances,  possibly 
using data auditing techniques.  However,  it typically involves selecting a limited number of items for testing, 
rather than testing complete populations. We will often seek to target particular items for testing based on their 
size or risk characteristics. In other cases, we will use audit sampling to enable us to draw a conclusion about 
the population from which the sample is selected. 

A further  description  of our  responsibilities  for the audit of  the financial  statements  is located  on  the FRC's 
website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditors' report. 

Other required  reporting 

Companies Act 2006 exception reporting 
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 
• 

• 
• 

we have not obtained all the information and explanations we require for our audit; or 
adequate  accounting  records  have not been kept  by the  C ompany,  or returns  adequate  for our  audit 
have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
certain disclosures of Directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
the Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns. 

We have no exceptions to report arising from this responsibility. 

Use of this report 
This report, including the opinions, has been prepared for and only for the Company's members as a body in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 and for no other purpose. We do not, in 
giving these opinions, accept or assume responsibility for any other purpose or to any other person to whom 
this report is shown or into whose hands it may come save where expressly agreed by our prior consent in 
writing. 

Filip Lyapov (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
for and on behalf of Zenith Audit Ltd 
Statutory Auditor 
1st Floor, 18 Devonshire Row, London EC2M 4RH 
20 June 2024 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Income Statement 
for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit 
Administrative expenses 
Other operating gains/(losses), (net) 
Operating profit  
Finance income 
Finance costs 
Net impairment (losses) on financial assets 
Other gains/(losses), (net) 
Profit before taxation 
Income tax expense 
Profit for the year  

Earnings per share (cents)  

Basic and diluted 

Note 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

4 
5 

6 
9 

10 
11 

12 

13 

62,194 
(23,222) 
38,972 
(6,953) 
3,517 
35,536 
2,144 
(2,705) 
(475) 
683 
35,183 
(8,697) 
26,486 

133,380  
(47,457) 
85,923 
(6,830) 
(3,320) 
75,773 
1,126 
(1,410) 
(444) 
(1,738) 
73,307 
(13,124) 
60,183 

15 

8.3c 

18.8c 

The  Notes  set  out  below  on  pages  65  to  108  are  an  integral  part  of  these  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive income/(expense): 
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss: 
Equity – foreign currency translation 
Items that will not be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss: 
Re-measurements of post-employment benefit obligations 

Total other comprehensive income/(expense)  

Total comprehensive income for the year 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

26,486 

60,183 

(4,844) 

(38,094) 

47 

53 

(4,797) 

(38,041) 

21,689 

22,142 

Company Statement of Comprehensive Income 
for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Profit/(loss) for the year 

14 

7,151 

(6,358) 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

7,151 

(6,358) 

Note 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

The Notes set out below on pages 65 to 108 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet 
as at 31 December 2023 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Right-of-use assets 
Deferred tax asset 
Prepayments for fixed assets 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Liabilities 

Current liabilities 

Trade and other payables 

Lease liabilities 
Corporation tax payable 

Net current assets 

Non-current liabilities 
Provision for decommissioning 
Lease liabilities 
Defined benefit liability 
Deferred tax liability 
Other non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Equity 
Called up share capital 
Foreign exchange reserve 
Merger reserve  
Capital contributions reserve 
Retained earnings 
Total equity 

Note 

16 
17 
18 
25 

20 
21 
22 

23 
18 

24 
18 

25 

26 
27 
27 
27 

2023 
$000 

79,277 
8,372 
192 
352 
110 
88,303 

2,951 
15,585 
76,493 
95,029 

2022 
$000 

74,256 
8,994 
364 
287 
5,385 
89,286 

3,358 
60,993 
88,652 
153,003 

183,332 

242,289 

(6,012) 

(38) 
(2,175) 
(8,225) 

(28,084) 

(229) 
(2,447) 
(30,760) 

86,804 

122,243 

(7,305) 
(245) 
(372) 
(4,976) 
(88) 
(12,986) 

(6,964) 
(258) 
(323) 
(3,232) 
(93) 
(10,870) 

(21,211) 

(41,630) 

162,121 

200,659 

28,115 
(146,549) 
(3,204) 
7,477 
276,282 
162,121 

28,115 
(141,705) 
(3,204) 
7,477 
309,976 
200,659 

The Notes set out below on pages 65 to 108 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

The financial statements of Enwell Energy plc, company number 04462555,  on pages 57 to 108 were approved by 
the Board of Directors on 20 June 2024 and signed on its behalf by:  

Bruce Burrows 
Finance Director

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Called  
up share 
capital 
$000 

28,115 
- 

- 

- 

- 

28,115 

Called  
up share 
capital 
$000 

28,115 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
28,115 

Share 
premium 
account 
$000 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Share 
premium 
account 
$000 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

As at 1 January 2022 
Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive expense 
  - exchange differences 
  - re-measurements of post-
employment benefit obligations 
Total comprehensive 
income/(expense) 
As at 31 December 2022 

As at 1 January 2023 
Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive income 
  - exchange differences 
  - re-measurements of post-
employment benefit obligations 
Total comprehensive 
income/(expense) 
Dividends 
As at 31 December 2023 

Merger 
reserve 
$000 

 (3,204) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

Merger 
reserve 
$000 

(3,204) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

Capital 
contributions 
reserve 
$000 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve* 
$000 

Retained 
earnings/(Accumu
lated losses) 
$000 

 (103,611) 
- 

(38,094) 

- 

(38,094) 

(141,705) 

 249,740  
60,183 

- 

53 

60,236 

309,976 

Total equity 
$000 

 178,517  
60,183 

(38,094) 

53 

22,142   

200,659 

(3,204) 

7,477 

Capital 
contributions 
reserve 
$000 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve* 
$000 

Retained 
earnings/(Accum
ulated losses) 
$000 

Total equity 
$000 

(141,705) 

(4,844) 

(4,844) 

- 
(146,549) 

309,976 
26,486 

- 

47 

26,533 

(60,227) 
276,282 

200,659 
26,486 

(4,844) 

47 

21,689 

(60,227) 
162,121 

- 
(3,204) 

- 
7,477 

 7,477  
- 

- 

- 

- 

7,477 
- 

- 

- 

- 

  * Predominantly as a result of exchange differences on non-monetary assets and liabilities where the subsidiaries’ functional currency is not the US Dollar.  

The Notes set out below on pages 65 to 108 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 
for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Operating activities 
Cash generated from operations 
Charitable donations 
Income tax paid 
Interest received 
Net cash inflow from operating activities 

Investing activities 
Purchase of oil and gas development, production and other property, 
plant and equipment 
Purchase of oil and gas exploration and evaluation assets 
Sale of financial instruments 
Purchase  of  oil  and  gas  development,  production  and  other 
intangible assets 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 
Net cash outflow from investing activities 

Financing activities 
Payment of principal portion of lease liabilities 
Dividend paid 
Net cash outflow from financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents  
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 
ECL* of cash and cash equivalents 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes 
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

*ECL – Expected credit losses 

Note 

28 
12 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

62,947 
(17) 
(6,990) 
4,578 
60,518 

47,541 
(6,534) 
(15,863) 
1,888 
27,032 

(10,179) 

(19,829) 

(335) 
- 

(320) 

(4,092) 
4,762 

(1,482) 

7 
(10,827) 

4 
(20,637) 

(406) 
(59,623) 
(60,029) 

(10,338) 
88,652 
(494) 
(1,327) 
76,493 

(398) 
- 
(398) 

5,997 
87,780 
(14) 
(5,111) 
88,652 

22 

22 

The Notes set out below on pages 65 to 108 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Balance Sheet 
as at 31 December 2023 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Intangible assets 
Investments 
Loans to subsidiary undertakings 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Liabilities 
Non-current liabilities 
Other non-current liabilities 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 

Net current assets 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Note 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

19 
19 

21 
22 

36 
30,704 
39,206  
69,946 

1,369 
20,695 
22,064 

41 
30,704 
49,974 
80,719 

1,170 
81,541 
82,711 

92,010 

163,430 

- 

- 
- 

(2,171) 
(2,171) 

(20,515) 
(20,515) 

19,893 

62,196 

(2,171) 

(20,515) 

89,839 

142,915 

28,115 
114,800 
7,151 
(60,227) 
61,724 
89,839 

28,115 
121,158 
(6,358) 
- 
114,800 
142,915 

Equity 
Called up share capital 
Retained earnings/(Accumulated losses) as at 1 January 

-  Profit/(loss) for the year and total comprehensive income 
-  Dividend payment 

Retained earnings/(Accumulated losses) as at 31 December 
Total equity 

26 

14 

The Notes set out below on pages 65 to 108 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

The  financial  statements  of  Enwell  Energy  plc,  company  number  04462555,  on  pages  57  to  108  were 
approved by the Board of Directors on 20 June 2024 and signed on its behalf by:  

Bruce Burrows  
Finance Director 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity 
for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Called up 
share 
capital 

$000 

28,115 

- 

28,115 

Called up 
share 
capital 

$000 

28,115 

- 

- 
28,115 

Share 
premium 
account 

$000 

Retained 
earnings/ 
(Accumulated 
losses) 
$000 

- 

- 

- 

121,158 

(6,358) 

114,800 

Total equity 

$000 

149,273 

(6,358) 

142,915 

Share 
premium 
account 

$000 

Retained 
earnings/ 
(Accumulated 
losses) 
$000 

Total equity 

$000 

- 

- 

- 
- 

114,800 

142,915 

7,151 

(60,227) 
61,724 

7,151 

(60,227) 
89,839 

As at 1 January 2022 
Profit  for  the  year  and  total 
comprehensive income 
As at 31 December 2022 

As at 1 January 2023 
Profit  for  the  year  and  total 
comprehensive income 
Dividend payment 
As at 31 December 2023 

The Notes set out below on pages 65 to 108 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Cash Flow Statement 
for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Operating activities 
Cash used in operations 
Taxation paid 
Interest received 
Net cash from/(used in) operating activities 

Investing activities 
Purchase of subsidiaries 
Repayment  of  principal  and  interest  on  loans  to  Group 
companies 
Issue of loans to Group companies 
Net cash from/(used in) investing activities 

Note 

28 

Financing acitvities 
Dividends paid 
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

22 

2023 
$000 

(2,975) 
- 
1,906 
(1,069) 

(100) 

- 

- 
(100) 

(59,623) 
(59,623) 
(60,792) 
81,541 
(54) 
20,695 

2022 
$000 

21,691 
(10) 
677 
22,358 

(1,211) 

1,077 

(4,000) 
(4,134) 

- 
- 
18,224 
63,299 
18 
81,541 

The Notes set out below on pages 65 to 108 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Notes forming part of the financial statements 

1.  General Information and Operational Environment 

Enwell  Energy  plc  (the  “Company”)  and  its  subsidiaries  (the  “Group”)  is  a  gas,  condensate  and  LPG 
production group.  

The Company is a public limited company quoted on the AIM Market operated by London Stock Exchange 
plc and  incorporated in England  and  Wales  under the Companies  Act 2006. The Company’s registered 
office  is  at  16  Old  Queen  Street,  London,  SW1H  9HP,  United  Kingdom  and  its  registered  number  is 
4462555. The principal activities of the Group and the nature of the Group’s operations are set out above.  

As  at  31  December  2023,  the  Company’s  immediate  parent  company  was  Smart  Energy  (CY)  Limited, 
which was 100% owned by Smart Holding (Cyprus) Limited, which was 100% owned by Proteas Trustees 
Ltd as trustee of the STEP Trust, and Proteas Trustee Services Ltd, Afroditi Loukaidou, Elena Iona and 
Maria Sokratous as trustees of the SMART Trust. Accordingly, the Company was ultimately controlled by 
Proteas Trustees Ltd as trustee of the STEP Trust, and Proteas Trustee Services Ltd, Afroditi Loukaidou, 
Elena Iona and Maria Sokratous as trustees of the SMART Trust. As at 31 December 2022, the Company’s 
immediate parent company was Smart Energy (CY) Limited, which was 100% owned by Smart Holding 
(Cyprus)  Limited,  which  was  100%  owned  by  Proteas  Trustees  Ltd  as  trustee  of  the  STEP  Trust,  and 
Proteas Trustee Services Ltd, Afroditi Loukaidou, Elena Iona and Charoula Sofokleous as trustees of the 
SMART Trust. 

The Group’s gas, condensate and LPG extraction and production facilities are located in Ukraine.  

Impact of the ongoing war in Ukraine 

On 24 February 2022, Russia commenced a military invasion of Ukraine, and since then there has been 
an ongoing war in Ukraine. Shortly after the invasion, the Ukrainian Government imposed martial law, and 
the  corresponding  introduction  of  related  temporary  restrictions  that  impact,  amongst  other  areas,  the 
economic  environment  and  business  operations  in  Ukraine.  The  war  has  caused  significant  economic 
challenges in  Ukraine, which has led to  a deterioration of Ukrainian  State finances, volatility of financial 
markets, illiquidity on capital markets, higher inflation and a depreciation of the national currency against 
major foreign currencies. 

The war is continuing, causing very significant numbers of military and civilian casualties and significant 
dislocation of the Ukrainian population. The Russian army has occupied territories in the east and south of 
Ukraine,  including  the  majority  of  the  Kherson,  Zaporizhzhia,  Luhansk  and  Donetsk  regions.  Russian 
attacks have targeted and destroyed civilian infrastructure over wide areas of Ukraine, including hospitals 
and residential complexes.  

According to a projection published by the National Bank of Ukraine (“NBU”) in December 2023, Ukrainian 
GDP increased by 4.9% in 2023 (2022: 29.1% decrease). 

In June 2022, the NBU took a number of measures to protect the Ukrainian economy, including significantly 
increasing its key policy interest rate to 25%, introducing temporary restrictions on foreign currency trades 
and limiting cross-border payments for non-critical imports and repayment of debt to foreign creditors, apart 
from  international  institutions.  In  addition,  the  Ukrainian  Hryvnia  exchange  rate  with  the  US  Dollar  was 
effectively  fixed  at  UAH29.25:$1.00  in  February  2022  and  then  at  UAH36.57:$1.00  in  July  2022  on  the 
foreign exchange market to ensure the stable operation of Ukraine’s financial system.  

However, in June 2023, the NBU lifted some of the currency restrictions, including those related to making 
cross-border payments to service and repay external credit facilities and loans established after 20 June 
2023 (subject to a number of requirements) and those that were established earlier through an international 
financial organisation or secured by a foreign export credit agency or foreign state. Furthermore, with effect 
from 1 December 2023, the NBU relaxed the measures that related, inter alia, to foreign currency sale limits 
for banks and non-banking financial institutions and allowed export credit agencies to make international 
fund transfers for insurance/reinsurance contracts.  

65 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
In addition, during 2023, the NBU gradually decreased its key policy rate, and this has stood at 15% since 
15 December 2023. The NBU is now following an interest rate policy consistent with inflation targets. The 
inflation rate in Ukraine for 2023 was 5% (2022: 26.6%) according to the statistics published by the State 
Statistics Service of Ukraine.   

On 3 October 2023, the NBU returned to a floating exchange rate for the Ukrainian Hryvnia, and as of 31 
December  2023,  the  Ukrainian  Hryvnia  exchange  rate  with  the  US  Dollar  was  UAH37.98/$1.00 
(UAH36.57/$1.00 as at 31 December 2022).  

The Ukrainian Government also took a number of actions designed to limit the negative effects of the war 
on the Ukrainian economic environment during the period of martial law, but several of these actions were 
relaxed with effect from 1 August 2023, including the moratorium on tax audits.  

Since  the  start  of  the  war,  the  Ukrainian  budget  has  experienced  a  significant  deficit,  which  has  been 
financed  by  national  and  international  borrowings,  grants,  and  other  means.  As  a  result  of  the  inflow  of 
international aid, Ukrainian  currency reserves have reached a record  level of $41.7 billion as of 31 July 
2023. This was the highest level of such reserves in more than 30 years. However, following a slowdown 
of international aid, such reserves decreased to $40.5 billion as of 31 December 2023. International support 
is crucially important  to Ukraine’s ability to continue fighting against  Russia’s aggression and to fund  its 
budget deficit and ongoing debt repayments. 

The nature of the situation in Ukraine and the unpredictability of the outcome means it is impracticable to 
assess the full impact of the war on the economic environment. 

Overall,  the  final  resolution  and  the  ongoing  effects  of  the  war  and  political  and  economic  situation  in 
Ukraine are difficult to predict, but they may have further severe effects on the Ukrainian economy and the 
Group’s business. 

As at 27 May 2024, the official NBU exchange rate of the Ukrainian Hryvnia  against the US Dollar was 
UAH40.1/$1.00, compared with UAH38.0/$1.00 as at 31 December 2023.  

Further details of risks relating to Ukraine can be found within the Principal Risks section of the Strategic 
Report. 

2.  Accounting Policies 

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are 
set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise 
stated. 

Basis of Preparation  

On 31 December 2020, IFRS as adopted by the European Union at that date was brought into UK law and 
became  UK-adopted  International  Accounting  Standards,  with  future  changes  being  subject  to 
endorsement  by  the  UK  Endorsement  Board.  The  Group  and  Company  transitioned  to  UK-adopted 
International Accounting Standards on 1 January 2021. This change constitutes a change in accounting 
framework. However, there is no impact on recognition, measurement or disclosure in the period reported 
as a result of the change in framework. The consolidated financial statements of the Group and the financial 
statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted International Accounting 
Standards  and  with  the  requirements  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  as  applicable  to  companies  reporting 
under those standards.  

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted International 
Accounting Standards under the historical cost convention, as modified by the initial recognition of financial 
instruments based on fair value, and by the revaluation of financial instruments categorised at fair value 
through  profit  or  loss  (“FVTPL”)  and  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income  (“FVOCI”).  The 
principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set 
out below.  Apart from the  accounting policy changes effective from 1  January 2022 these policies have 
been consistently applied to all the periods presented, unless otherwise stated. 

66 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with UK-adopted International Accounting Standards 
requires  the  use  of  certain  critical  accounting  estimates.  It  also  requires  management  to  exercise  its 
judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree 
of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated 
financial  statements  are  disclosed  in  Note  3.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in 
thousands of US Dollars. 

Going Concern 

The Group’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future operations, performance 
and position are set out in the Chairman’s Statement, Chief Executive’s Statement and Finance Review. 
The financial position of the Group, its cash flows and liquidity position are set out in these consolidated 
financial statements. 

On 24 February 2022, Russia commenced a military invasion of Ukraine, and since then there has been 
an  ongoing  war  between  Russia  and  Ukraine.  Immediately  after  the  commencement  of  the  war,  the 
Ukrainian Government imposed martial law and introduced a number of related temporary restrictions that 
impacted the economic environment and business operations in Ukraine. While a number of restrictions 
remain in place, improvements in the economic environment have led the Ukrainian Government to relax 
a number of the restrictions and stabilise the economic situation in Ukraine. 

The production assets of the Group are located in the central and eastern part of the country (Poltava and 
Kharkiv regions) which are controlled by the Ukrainian Government.  As of the date of approval of these 
financial statements, no assets of the Group have been damaged, and the Group continues to operate and 
produce  from  its  MEX-GOL  and  SV  assets  in  the  Poltava  region.  However,  the  licences  relating  to  the 
Group’s SC asset in the Poltava region and VAS asset in the Kharkiv region are suspended after the State 
Geologic  and  Subsoil  Survey  of  Ukraine  issued  orders  on  4  May  2023  for  the  suspension  of  the  SC 
exploration  licence  and  VAS  production  licence  for  a  period  of  five  years  effective  from  that  date,  and 
consequently the Group ceased all field and production operations on these licences. No military activities 
have  occurred  at  the  Group’s  field  locations.  The  Gas  Transmission  System  Operator  of  Ukraine  has 
maintained  complete  operational  and  technological  control  over  the  operations  of  the  Ukrainian  Gas 
Transmission System. However, as of the date of approval of these financial statements, the war has had, 
and continues to have, a material impact on the production and sales levels of the business and execution 
of the Group’s 2023 budget. 

The Group has no debt and funds its operations from its own cash resources. Cash and cash equivalents 
were $91.0 million as at 27 May 2024. The Directors maintain a significant level of flexibility to modify the 
Group’s  development  plans  as  may  be  required  to  preserve  cash  resources  for  liquidity  management. 
Absent  the  potential  impact  of  the  war  in  Ukraine,  the  Directors  are  satisfied  that  the  Group  and  the 
Company are a going concern and will continue their operations for the foreseeable future. 

In assessing the impact of the war on the ability of the Group and the Company to continue as a going 
concern,  the  Directors  have  analysed  a  number  of  possible  scenarios  of  economic  and  military 
developments and the impact on the expected cash flows of the Group and Company for 2024 and 2025. 
This includes considering a possible (but in the view of the Directors, highly unlikely) worst case scenario 
in  which  the  Group  has  zero  production  as  a  result  of  possible  future  military  conflict  dictating  field 
operations being completely shut-in, and all other non-production related costs being maintained at current 
levels  with  no  reduction  or  mitigating  actions  as  would  otherwise  be  possible.  Even  in  this  worst-case 
scenario, the Directors are satisfied that the Group and the Company have sufficient liquid resources to be 
able to meet their liabilities as they fall due and to be able to continue as a going concern for the foreseeable 
future. 

The corporate strategy for the near term is to: 

• 

continue production from MEX-GOL and SV licences, generating cash to cover Group costs and add 
to existing cash resources, whilst moderating development  plans to reduce cash spend  exposure 
whilst the war and operational/political uncertainty continues; 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

vigorously pursue legal initiatives to protect the Group’s assets, restore all licences and production, 
and seek compensation for losses incurred to date and as may be incurred in the future; and 

tightly manage costs to ensure cash resources are maintained at levels capable of sustaining the 
business through the uncertainty that lies ahead. 

In respect of the Group’s operations, staff and assets in Ukraine, the potential short and long-term impact 
of the future development of the war is inherently uncertain. Accordingly, this creates a material uncertainty 
related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going 
concern because of the potential impact on its ability to continue its operations for the foreseeable future 
and  realise  its  assets  in  the  normal  course  of  business.  The  financial  statements  do  not  include  the 
adjustments that would result if the Group were unable to continue as a going concern. 

The Company is a UK-based investment holding company. The Company had cash and cash equivalents 
of $18.5 million as at 27 May 2024, all of which are held outside of Ukraine, in US Dollars, Pounds Sterling 
and Euros. The Directors are satisfied that the Company is a going concern and will be able to continue its 
operations for the foreseeable future, and there is no material uncertainty in respect of its ability to do so. 

New and amended standards adopted by the Group 

The following amended standards became effective from 1 January 2023, but did not have a material impact 
on the Group’s consolidated or Company’s financial statements:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

IFRS 17 "Insurance Contracts". IFRS 17 replaces IFRS 4, which has given companies dispensation 
to carry on accounting for insurance contracts using existing practices. As a consequence, it was 
difficult  for  investors  to  compare  and  contrast  the  financial  performance  of  otherwise  similar 
insurance companies.  
Amendments to IFRS 17 and an amendment to IFRS 4 (issued on 25 June 2020 and effective for 
annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  January  2023).    The  amendments  include  a  number  of 
clarifications  intended  to  ease  implementation  of  IFRS  17,  simplify  some  requirements  of  the 
standard and transition. 
Transition option to insurers applying IFRS 17 – Amendments to IFRS 17 (issued on 9 December 
2021 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).   The amendment to 
the  transition  requirements  in  IFRS  17  provides  insurers  with  an  option  aimed  at  improving  the 
usefulness of information to investors on initial application of IFRS 17. 
Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2: Disclosure of Accounting policies (issued on 
12 February 2021 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023). IAS 1 was 
amended to require companies to disclose their material accounting policy information rather than 
their significant accounting policies. 
Amendments to IAS 8: Definition of Accounting Estimates (issued on 12 February 2021 and effective 
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023). The  amendment to IAS 8 clarified how 
companies should distinguish changes in accounting policies from changes in accounting estimates. 
Deferred tax related to assets and liabilities arising from a single transaction – Amendments to IAS 
12 (issued on 7 May 2021 and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).  
The amendments to IAS 12 specify how to account for deferred tax on transactions such as leases 
and decommissioning obligations.   
Amendments to IAS 12 Income taxes: International Tax Reform – Pillar Two Model Rules (issued 23 
May 2023). In May 2023, the IASB issued narrow-scope amendments to IAS 12, ‘Income Taxes’. 
This amendment was introduced in response to the imminent implementation of the Pillar Two model 
rules  released  by  the  Organisation  for  Economic  Co-operation  and  Development's  (OECD)  as  a 
result of international tax reform. 

Impact of standards issued but not yet applied by the Group 

Certain  new  standards  and  interpretations  have  been  issued  that  are  mandatory  for  the  annual  periods 
beginning on or after 1 January 2024 or later, and which the Group has not early adopted.  

(a) 

Amendments to IFRS 16 Leases: Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)  Classification of liabilities as current or non-current – Amendments to IAS 1 

(c) 

Amendments  to  IAS  7  Statement  of  Cash  Flows  and  IFRS  7  Financial  Instruments:  Disclosures: 
Supplier Finance Arrangements 

(d) 

Amendments to IAS 21 Lack of Exchangeability 

(e) 

Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture – Amendments 
to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 

These new standards and interpretations are not expected to affect significantly the Group’s consolidated 
financial statements.  

Exchange differences on intra-group balances with foreign operation  

The Group has certain inter-company monetary balances of which the Company is the beneficial owner. 
These monetary balances are payable by a subsidiary that is a foreign operation and are eliminated on 
consolidation.  

In  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  exchange  differences  arising  on  such  payables  because  the 
transaction  currency  differs  from  the  subsidiary’s  functional  currency  are  recognised  initially  in  other 
comprehensive income if the settlement of such payables is continuously deferred and is neither planned 
nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future.  

In such cases, the respective receivables of the Company are regarded as an extension of the Company’s 
net  investment  in  that  foreign  operation,  and  the  cumulative  amount  of  the  abovementioned  exchange 
differences  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  is  carried  forward  within  the  foreign  exchange 
reserve in equity and is reclassified to profit or loss only upon disposal of the foreign operation.  

When the subsidiary that is a foreign operation settles its quasi-equity liability due to the Company, but the 
Company continues to possess the same percentage of the subsidiary, i.e. there has been no change in 
its proportionate ownership interest, such settlement is not regarded as a disposal or a partial disposal, and 
therefore cumulative exchange differences are not reclassified.  

The designation of inter-company monetary balances as part of the net investment in a foreign operation 
is re-assessed when management’s expectations and intentions on settlement change due to a change in 
circumstances.  

Where, because of a change in circumstances, a receivable balance, or part thereof, previously designated 
as a net investment into a foreign operation is intended to be settled, the receivable is de-designated and 
is no longer regarded as part of the net investment.  

In such cases, the exchange differences arising on the subsidiary’s payable following de-designation are 
recognised within finance costs / income in profit or loss, similar to foreign exchange differences arising 
from financing. 

Foreign exchange gains and losses not related to intra-group balances are recognised on a net basis as 
other gains or losses. 

Basis of Consolidation  

The consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the financial information  of the Company and  entities 
controlled by the Company (and its subsidiaries) made up to 31 December each year.  

Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries  are  all  entities  (including  structured  entities)  over  which  the  Group  has  control.  The  Group 
controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with 
the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

69 

 
 
 
 
consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the 
date that control ceases. 

The  Group  applies  the  acquisition  method  to  account  for  business  combinations.  The  consideration 
transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair value of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred 
to  the  former  owners  of  the  acquiree  and  the  equity  interests  issued  by  the  Group.  The  consideration 
transferred  includes  the  fair  value  of  any  asset  or  liability  resulting  from  a  contingent  consideration 
arrangement. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business 
combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. The Group recognises any 
non-controlling  interest  in  the  acquiree  on  an  acquisition-by-acquisition  basis  at  the  non-controlling 
interest’s proportionate share of the recognised amounts of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets.  

Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. 

If  the  business  combination  is  achieved  in  stages,  the  acquisition  date  carrying  value  of  the  acquirer’s 
previously held equity interest in the acquiree is re-measured to fair value at the acquisition date; any gains 
or losses arising from such re-measurement are recognised in profit or loss. 

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the Group is recognised at fair value at the acquisition 
date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration that is deemed to be an asset 
or liability is recognised in accordance with IFRS 9 in profit or loss. 

Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between Group companies are 
eliminated. Unrealised losses are also eliminated. When necessary, amounts reported by subsidiaries have 
been adjusted to conform with the Group’s accounting policies. 

Segment reporting 

The Group’s only class of business activity is oil and gas exploration, development and production. The 
Group’s  primary  operations  are  located  in  Ukraine,  with  its  head  office  in  the  United  Kingdom. 
The geographical  segments  are  the  basis  on  which  the  Group  reports  its  segment  information  to 
management. Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided 
to the Board of Directors.  

Commercial Reserves 

Proved  and  probable  oil  and  gas  reserves  are  estimated  quantities  of  commercially  producible 
hydrocarbons which the existing geological, geophysical and engineering data show to be recoverable in 
future years from known reservoirs. Proved reserves are those quantities of petroleum that, by analysis of 
geoscience  and  engineering  data,  can  be  estimated  with  reasonable  certainty  to  be  commercially 
recoverable  from  known  reservoirs  and  under  defined  technical  and  commercial  conditions.  Probable 
reserves are those additional reserves which analysis of geoscience and engineering data indicate are less 
likely  to  be  recovered  than  proved  reserves  but  more  certain  to  be  recovered  than  possible  reserves. 
The proved  and  probable  reserves  conform  to  the  definition  approved  by  the  Petroleum  Resources 
Management System. 

Oil and Gas Exploration/Evaluation and Development/Production Assets  

The Group applies the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas assets, having regard to the 
requirements of IFRS 6 Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources.  

Exploration costs are incurred to discover hydrocarbon resources. Evaluation costs are incurred to assess 
the technical feasibility and commercial viability of the resources found. Exploration, as defined in IFRS 6 
Exploration and evaluation of mineral resources, starts when the legal rights to explore have been obtained. 
Expenditure incurred before obtaining the legal right to explore is generally expensed; an exception to this 
would be separately acquired intangible assets such as payment for an option to obtain legal rights. 

Expenditures incurred in the exploration activities are expensed unless they meet the definition of an asset. 
The Group recognises an asset when it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Group as a result 
of  the  expenditure.  The  economic  benefits  might  be  available  through  commercial  exploitation  of 
70 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
hydrocarbon  reserves  or  sales  of  exploration  findings  or  further  development  rights.  Exploration  and 
evaluation  (“E&E”)  assets  are  recognised  as  either  property,  plant  and  equipment  or  intangible  assets, 
according to their nature, in single field cost centres. 

The capitalisation point is the earlier of: 

(a)  

(b)  

the point at which the fair value less costs to sell the property can be reliably determined as being 
higher  than  the  total  of  the  expenses  incurred  and  costs  already  capitalised  (such  as  licence 
acquisition costs); and 

an assessment of the property demonstrates that commercially viable reserves are present and 
hence there are probable future economic benefits from the continued development and production 
of the resource. 

E&E  assets  are  reclassified  from  Exploration  and  Evaluation  when  evaluation  procedures  have  been 
completed.  E&E  assets  that  are  not  commercially  viable  are  written  down.  E&E  assets  for  which 
commercially viable reserves have been identified are reclassified to Development and Production assets. 
E&E assets are tested for impairment immediately prior to reclassification out of E&E. 

Once an E&E asset has been reclassified from E&E, it is subject to the normal IFRS requirements. This 
includes impairment testing at the cash-generating unit (“CGU”) level and depreciation. 

Abandonment and Retirement of Individual Items of Property, Plant and Equipment 

Normally, no gains or losses shall be recognised if only an individual item of equipment is abandoned or 
retired or if only a single lease or other part of a group of proved properties constituting the amortisation 
base is abandoned or retired as long as the remainder of the property or group of properties constituting 
the amortisation base continues to produce oil or gas. Instead, the asset being abandoned or retired shall 
be deemed to be fully amortised, and its costs shall be charged to accumulated depreciation, depletion or 
amortisation.  When  the  last  well  on  an  individual  property  (if  that  is  the  amortisation  base)  or  group  of 
properties  (if  amortisation  is  determined  on  the  basis  of  an  aggregation  of  properties  with  a  common 
geological structure) ceases to produce and the entire property or group of properties is abandoned, a gain 
or loss shall be recognised. Occasionally, the partial abandonment or retirement of a proved property or 
group of proved properties or the abandonment or retirement of wells or related equipment or facilities may 
result from a catastrophic event or other major abnormality. In those cases, a loss shall be recognised at 
the time of abandonment or retirement. 

Intangible Assets other than Oil and Gas Assets  

Intangible assets other than oil and gas assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and any 
provision for  impairment. These assets represent  exploration  licences.  Amortisation is charged so as to 
write off the cost, less estimated residual value on a straight-line basis of 20-25% per annum. 

Depreciation, Depletion and Amortisation 

All expenditure carried within each field is amortised from the commencement of commercial production on 
a unit of production basis, which is the ratio of gas production in the period to the estimated quantities of 
commercial reserves at the end of the period plus the production in the period, generally on a field by field 
basis. In certain circumstances, fields within a single development  area may be combined for  depletion 
purposes. Costs used in the unit of production calculation comprise the net book value of capitalised costs 
plus the estimated future field development costs necessary to bring the reserves into production. 

Impairment 

At  each  balance  sheet  date,  the  Group  reviews  the  carrying  amount  of  oil  and  gas  development  and 
production  assets  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  that  those  assets  have  suffered  an 
impairment  loss.  This  includes  exploration  and  appraisal  costs  capitalised  which  are  assessed  for 
impairment in accordance with IFRS 6. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset 
is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss.  

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For oil and gas development and production assets, the recoverable amount is the greater of fair value less 
costs to dispose and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted 
to their present value using an expected weighted average cost of capital. If the recoverable amount of an 
asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its 
recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised as an expense immediately. The valuation method 
used for determination of fair value less cost of disposal is based on unobservable market data, which is 
within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. 

Should  an  impairment  loss  subsequently  reverse,  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  is  increased  to  the 
revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the 
carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset 
in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised as income immediately. 

Decommissioning Provision 

Where a material liability for the removal of existing production facilities and site restoration at the end of 
the productive life of a field exists, a provision for decommissioning is recognised. The amount recognised 
is the present value of estimated future expenditure determined in accordance with local conditions and 
requirements.  The  cost  of  the  relevant  property,  plant  and  equipment  is  increased  with  an  amount 
equivalent  to  the  provision  and  depreciated  on  a  unit  of  production  basis.  Changes  in  estimates  are 
recognised prospectively, with corresponding adjustments to the provision and the associated fixed asset. 
The unwinding of the discount on the decommissioning provision is included within finance costs.  

Property, Plant and Equipment other than Oil and Gas Assets  

Property, plant and equipment other than oil and gas assets (included in Other fixed assets in Note 16 are 
stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any provision for impairment. Depreciation is charged so 
as to write off the cost of assets on a straight-line basis over their useful lives as follows:  

Buildings and constructions 
Machinery and equipment 
Vehicles 
Office and other equipment 

Useful lives in years 

10 to 20 years 
2 to 5 years 
5 years 
4 to 12 years 

Spare parts and equipment purchased with the intention to be used in future capital investment projects 
are recognised as oil and gas development and production assets within property, plant and equipment.  

Right-of-use assets 

The Group leases various offices, equipment, wells and land. Contracts may contain both lease and non-
lease  components.  The  Group  allocates  the  consideration  in  the  contract  to  the  lease  and  non-lease 
components based on their relative stand-alone prices. 

Assets arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis.  

Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following: 

● 
● 
● 
● 

the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability, 
any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received, 
any initial direct costs, and 
costs to restore the asset to the conditions required by lease agreements.  

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Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease term 
on a straight-line basis. If the Group is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use 
asset is depreciated over the underlying assets’ useful lives. Depreciation on the items of the right-of-use 
assets is calculated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives as follows:  

Land 
Wells 
Properties: 
Buildings and constructions 
Machinery and equipment 
Vehicles 
Office and other equipment 

Inventories  

Useful lives in years 

40 to 50 years 
10 to 20 years 

10 to 20 years 
2 to 5 years 
5 years 
4 to 12 years 

Inventories typically consist of materials, spare parts and hydrocarbons, and are stated at the lower of cost 
and  net realisable value. Cost of  finished goods is determined on the weighted  average bases.  Cost  of 
other  than  finished  goods  inventory  is  determined  on  the  first  in  first  out  basis.  Net  realisable  value 
represents the estimated selling price less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in 
marketing, selling and distribution.  

Revenue Recognition  

Revenue is income arising in the course of the Group’s ordinary activities. Revenue is recognised by the 
amount  of  the  transaction  price.  Transaction  price  is  the  amount  of  consideration  to  which  the  Group 
expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring control over promised goods or services to a customer, 
excluding the amounts collected on behalf of third parties. 

Revenue is recognised net of indirect taxes and excise duties.  

Sales of gas, condensate and LPG are recognised when control of the good has transferred, being when 
the goods are delivered to the customer, the customer has full discretion over the goods, and there is no 
unfulfilled obligation that could affect the customer’s acceptance of the goods. Delivery occurs when the 
goods have been shipped to the specific location, the risks of obsolescence and loss have been transferred 
to  the  customer,  and  either  the  customer  has  accepted  the  goods  in  accordance  with  the  contract,  the 
acceptance  provisions have lapsed, or the Group  has objective evidence that all criteria for acceptance 
have been satisfied.  

A receivable is recognised when the goods are delivered as this is the point in time that the consideration 
is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due. 

The Group normally uses standardised contracts for the sale of gas, condensate and LPG, which define 
the  point  of  control  transfer.  The  price  and  quantity  of  each  sale  transaction  are  indicated  in  the 
specifications to the sales contracts.  

The control over gas is transferred to a customer when the respective act of acceptance is signed by the 
parties to a contract upon delivery of gas to the point of sale specified in the contract, normally being a 
certain  point  in  the  Ukrainian  gas  transportation  system.  Acts  of  acceptance  of  gas  are  signed  and  the 
respective revenues are recognised on a monthly basis. 

The control over condensate and LPG is transferred to a customer when the respective waybill is signed 
by the parties to a contract upon shipment of goods at the point of sale specified in the contract, which is 
normally the Group’s production site. 

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Foreign Currencies 

The Group’s consolidated financial statements and those of the Company are presented in US Dollars. The 
functional currency of the subsidiaries which operate in Ukraine is Ukrainian Hryvnia. The remaining entities 
have US Dollars as their functional currency. 

The  functional  currency  of  individual  companies  is  determined  by  the  primary  economic  environment  in 
which the entity operates, normally the one in which it primarily generates and expends cash. In preparing 
the  financial  statements  of  the  individual  companies,  transactions  in  currencies  other  than  the  entity’s 
functional currency (“foreign currencies”) are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of 
the transactions. At each balance sheet date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign 
currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. Foreign exchange gains and 
losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange 
rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated  in foreign currencies are recognised in the Income 
Statement.  Non-monetary  assets  and  liabilities  carried  at  fair  value  that  are  denominated  in  foreign 
currencies  are  translated  at  the  rates  prevailing  at  the  date  when  the  fair  value  was  determined.  Non-
monetary items which are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. 
Gains and losses arising on retranslation are included in net profit or loss for the period, except for exchange 
differences arising on balances which are considered long term investments where the changes in fair value 
are recognised directly in other comprehensive income.  

On consolidation, the assets and liabilities of the Group’s subsidiaries which do not use US Dollars as their 
functional currency are translated into US Dollars as follows: 

(a) 

(b) 

assets and liabilities for each Balance Sheet presented are translated at the closing rate at the date 
of that Balance Sheet; 

income and expenses for each Income Statement are translated at average monthly exchange rates 
(unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing 
on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the rate on the dates 
of the transactions); and 

(c) 

all resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income. 

The principal rates of exchange used for translating foreign currency balances  as at 31 December 2023 
were  $1:UAH37.98 (2022:  $1:  UAH36.57),  $1:£0.779  (2022: $1:£ 0.827), $1:€0.886  (2022:  $1:€ 0.934), 
and the average rates for the year were $1:UAH36.58 (2022: $1:UAH32.37), $1:£0.804 (2022: $1:£ 0.811), 
$1:€0.923 (2022: $1:€ 0.951) 

None of the Group’s operations are considered to use the currency of a hyperinflationary economy, however 
this is kept under review. 

Pensions 

The Group contributes to a local government pension scheme in Ukraine and defined benefit plans. The 
Group  has  no  further  payment  obligations  towards  the  local  government  pension  scheme  once  the 
contributions have been paid. 

Defined  benefit  plans  define  an  amount  of  pension  benefit  that  an  employee  will  receive  on  retirement, 
usually dependent on one or more factors such as age, years of service and compensation.  

The Group companies participate in a mandatory Ukrainian State-defined retirement benefit plan, which 
provides  for  early  pension  benefits  for  employees  working  in  certain  workplaces  with  hazardous  and 
unhealthy  working  conditions.  The  Group  also  provides  lump  sum  benefits  upon  retirement  subject  to 
certain conditions. The early pension benefit (in the form of a monthly annuity) is payable by employers 
only until the employee has reached the statutory retirement age. The pension scheme is based on a benefit 
formula which depends on each individual member’s average salary, his/her total length of past service 
and total length of past service at specific types of workplaces (“list II” category). 

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74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The liability recognised in the Balance Sheet in respect of defined benefit pension plans is the present value 
of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The 
defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit 
method.  The  present  value  of  the  defined  benefit  obligation  is  determined  by  discounting  the  estimated 
future  cash  outflows  using  interest  rates  of  high-quality  corporate  bonds  that  are  denominated  in  the 
currency in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of 
the  related  pension  obligation.  Since  Ukraine  has  no  deep  market  in  such  bonds,  the  market  rates  on 
government bonds are used. 

The current service cost of the defined benefit plan, recognised in the Income Statement within the Cost of 
Sales in employee benefit expense, except where included in the cost of an asset, reflects the increase in 
the  defined  benefit  obligation  resulting  from  employee  service  in  the  current  year,  benefit  changes 
curtailments and settlements. Past-service costs are recognised immediately in the Income Statement. 

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit 
obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Income 
Statement within the Cost of Sales. 

Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are 
charged or credited to equity in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise. 

Taxation  

The tax expense represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax.  

Current tax, including UK corporation and overseas tax, is provided at amounts expected to be paid (or 
recovered) using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance 
sheet date.  

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts 
of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation 
of taxable profit, and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are 
generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the 
extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences 
can  be  utilised.  Such  assets  and  liabilities  are  not  recognised  if  the  temporary  difference  arises  from 
goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities 
in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.  

Deferred  tax  liabilities  are  recognised  for  taxable  temporary  differences  arising  on  investments  in 
subsidiaries and associates, and interests in joint ventures, except where the Group is able to control the 
reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the 
foreseeable future.  

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates which are expected to apply in the period when the liability is 
settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the Income Statement, except when 
it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in 
equity.  

Other  taxes  which  include  recoverable  value  added  tax,  excise  tax  and  custom  duties  represent  the 
amounts receivable or payable to local tax authorities in the countries where the Group operates. 

Value added tax 

Output  value  added  tax  related  to  sales  is  payable  to  tax  authorities  on  the  earlier  of  (a)  collection  of 
receivables  from  customers  or  (b)  delivery  of  goods  or  services  to  customers.  Input  VAT  is  generally 
recoverable against output VAT upon receipt of the VAT invoice. The tax authorities permit the settlement 
of VAT on a net basis. VAT related to sales and purchases is recognised in the consolidated statement of 
financial position on a gross basis for different entities of the Group and disclosed separately as an asset 

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75 

 
 
 
 
and  a  liability.  Where  provision  has  been  made  for  expected  credit  losses  (“ECL”)  of  receivables,  the 
impairment loss is recorded for the gross amount of the debtor, including VAT. 

Financial Instruments  

Financial instruments - key measurement terms. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an 
asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement 
date. The  best  evidence of fair value is the price  in an active  market. An  active  market  is one in which 
transactions  for  the  asset  or  liability  take  place  with  sufficient  frequency  and  volume  to  provide  pricing 
information on an ongoing basis.  

Fair value of financial instruments traded in an active market is measured as the product of the quoted price 
for the individual asset or liability and the number of instruments held by the entity. This is the case even if 
a market’s normal daily trading volume is not sufficient to absorb the quantity held and placing orders to 
sell the position in a single transaction might affect the quoted price.  

A portfolio of financial derivatives or other financial assets and liabilities that are not traded in an active 
market is measured at the fair value of a group of financial assets and financial liabilities on the basis of the 
price that would be received to sell a net long position (i.e. an asset) for a particular risk exposure or paid 
to transfer a net short position (i.e. a liability) for a particular risk exposure in an orderly transaction between 
market participants at the measurement date. This is applicable for assets carried at fair value on a recurring 
basis if the Group: (a) manages the group of financial assets and financial liabilities on the basis of the 
Group’s net exposure to a particular market risk (or risks) or to the credit risk of a particular counterparty in 
accordance  with  the  Group’s  documented  risk  management  or  investment  strategy;  (b)  it  provides 
information  on  that  basis  about  the  group  of  assets  and  liabilities  to  the  Group’s  key  management 
personnel; and (c) the market risks, including duration of the Group’s exposure to a particular market risk 
(or risks) arising from the financial assets and financial liabilities are substantially the same. 

Valuation  techniques  such  as  discounted  cash  flow  models  or  models  based  on  recent  arm’s  length 
transactions or consideration of financial data of the investees are used to measure fair value of certain 
financial  instruments  for  which  external  market  pricing  information  is  not  available.  Fair  value 
measurements are analysed by level in the fair value hierarchy as follows: (i) level one are measurements 
at quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, (ii) level two measurements 
are valuations techniques with all material inputs observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, 
as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices), and (iii) level three measurements are valuations not 
based  on  solely  observable  market  data  (that  is,  the  measurement  requires  significant  unobservable 
inputs). 

Transaction costs are incremental costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, issue or disposal of 
a financial instrument. An incremental cost is one that would not have been incurred if the transaction had 
not  taken  place.  Transaction  costs  include  fees  and  commissions  paid  to  agents  (including  employees 
acting  as  selling  agents),  advisers,  brokers  and  dealers,  levies  by  regulatory  agencies  and  securities 
exchanges, and transfer taxes and duties. Transaction costs do not include debt premiums or discounts, 
financing costs or internal administrative or holding costs.  

Fair  value  is  the  amount  at  which  the  financial  instrument  was  recognised  at  initial  recognition,  while 
amortised cost (“AC”) is the amount at which the financial instrument was subsequently measured after the 
initial recognition  less any  principal repayments,  plus  accrued interest,  and for financial  assets less any 
allowance for ECL. Accrued interest includes amortisation of transaction costs deferred at initial recognition 
and of any premium or discount to the maturity amount using the effective interest method. Accrued interest 
income and accrued interest expense, including both accrued coupon and amortised discount or premium 
(including fees deferred at origination, if any), are not presented separately and are included in the carrying 
values of the related items in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

The effective interest method is a method of allocating interest income or interest expense over the relevant 
period, so as to achieve a constant periodic rate of interest (effective interest rate) on the carrying amount. 
The  effective  interest  rate  is  the  rate  that  exactly  discounts  estimated  future  cash  payments  or  receipts 
(excluding future credit losses) through the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, if 
appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial instrument. The effective interest rate discounts 

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cash flows of variable interest instruments to the next interest repricing date, except for the premium or 
discount which reflects the credit spread over the floating rate specified in the instrument, or other variables 
that are not reset to market rates. Such premiums or discounts are amortised over the whole expected life 
of the instrument. The present value calculation includes all fees paid or received between parties to the 
contract that are an integral part of the effective interest rate. For assets that are purchased or originated 
credit impaired (“POCI”) at initial recognition, the effective interest rate is adjusted for credit risk, i.e. it is 
calculated based on the expected cash flows on initial recognition instead of contractual payments. 

Financial instruments – initial recognition. Financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”) 
are initially recorded at fair value. All other financial instruments are initially recorded at fair value adjusted 
for transaction costs. Fair value at initial recognition is best evidenced by the transaction price. A gain or 
loss on initial recognition is only recorded if there is a difference between fair value and transaction price 
which can be evidenced by other observable current market transactions in the same instrument or by a 
valuation technique whose inputs include only data from observable markets. After the initial recognition, 
an ECL allowance is recognised for financial assets measured at AC and investments in debt instruments 
measured  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income  (“FVOCI”),  resulting  in  an  immediate 
accounting loss. 

All  purchases  and  sales  of  financial  assets  that  require  delivery  within  the  time  frame  established  by 
regulation or market convention (“regular way” purchases and sales) are recorded at trade date, which is 
the date on which the Group commits to deliver a financial asset. All other purchases are recognised when 
the entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

Financial  assets  –  classification  and  subsequent  measurement  –  measurement  categories.  The  Group 
classifies  financial  assets  in  the  following  measurement  categories:  FVTPL,  FVOCI  and  AC.  The 
classification and subsequent measurement of debt financial assets depends on: (i) the Group’s business 
model  for  managing  the  related  assets  portfolio  and  (ii)  the  cash  flow  characteristics  of  the  asset.  The 
Group’s financial assets include cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, loans to subsidiary 
undertakings, all of which are classified as AC in accordance with IFRS 9. 

Financial  assets  -  classification  and  subsequent  measurement  –  business  model.  The  business  model 
reflects how the Group manages the assets in order to generate cash flows – whether the Group’s objective 
is: (i) solely to collect the contractual cash flows from the assets (“hold to collect contractual cash flows”), 
or (ii) to collect both the contractual cash flows and the cash flows arising from the sale of assets (“hold to 
collect contractual cash flows and sell”) or, if  neither of (i) and (ii)  is applicable,  the financial assets are 
classified as part of “other” business model and measured at FVTPL.  

Business model is determined for a group of assets (on a portfolio level) based on all relevant evidence 
about the activities that the Group undertakes to achieve the objective set out for the portfolio available at 
the date of the assessment. Factors considered by the Group in determining the business model include 
past experience on how the cash flows for the respective assets were collected. 

The Group’s business model for financial assets is to collect the contractual cash flows from the assets 
(“hold to collect contractual cash flows”). 

Financial  assets  -  classification  and  subsequent  measurement  -  cash  flow  characteristics.  Where  the 
business model is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows or to hold contractual cash flows and sell, 
the Group assesses whether the cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest (“SPPI”). 
Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining whether their 
cash flows are consistent with the SPPI feature. In making this assessment, the Group considers whether 
the  contractual  cash  flows  are  consistent  with  a  basic  lending  arrangement,  i.e.  interest  includes  only 
consideration for credit risk, time value of money, other basic lending risks and profit margin.  

Where the contractual terms introduce exposure to risk or volatility that is inconsistent with a basic lending 
arrangement, the financial asset is classified and measured at FVTPL. The SPPI assessment is performed 
on initial recognition of an asset and it is not subsequently reassessed.  

Financial assets - reclassification. Financial instruments are reclassified only when the business model for 
managing the portfolio as a whole changes. The reclassification has a prospective effect and takes place 
from the beginning of the first reporting period that follows after the change in the business model. The 

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Group did not change its business model during the current and comparative period and did not make any 
reclassifications. 

Financial assets impairment - credit loss allowance for ECL. The Group assesses, on a forward-looking 
basis,  the  ECL  for  debt  instruments  measured  at  AC  and  FVOCI  and  for  the  exposures  arising  for 
contractual  assets.  The  Group  measures  ECL  and  recognises  Net  impairment  losses  on  financial  and 
contractual assets at each reporting date. The measurement of ECL reflects: (i) an unbiased and probability 
weighted amount that is determined by evaluating a range of possible outcomes, (ii) time value of  money 
and (iii) all reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost and effort at the 
end of each reporting period about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future conditions. 

Debt instruments measured at AC and contractual assets are presented in the consolidated statement of 
financial position net of the allowance for ECL. For loan commitments and financial guarantees, a separate 
provision for ECL is recognised as a liability in the consolidated statement of financial position.  

The Group applies a simplified  approach for impairment of cash and cash equivalents, other short-term 
investments and trade and other receivables, by recognising lifetime expected credit losses based on past 
default  experience  and  credit  profiles,  adjusted  as  appropriate  for  current  observable  data.  For  other 
financial assets the Group applies a three stage model for impairment, based on changes in credit quality 
since initial recognition. A financial instrument that is not credit-impaired on initial recognition is classified 
in  Stage  1.  Financial  assets  in  Stage  1  have  their  ECL  measured  at  an  amount  equal  to  the  portion  of 
lifetime ECL that results from default events possible within the next 12 months or until contractual maturity, 
if shorter (“12 Months ECL”). If the Group identifies a significant increase in credit risk (“SICR”) since initial 
recognition, the asset is transferred to Stage 2 and its ECL is measured based on ECL on a lifetime basis, 
that is, up until contractual maturity but considering expected prepayments, if any (“Lifetime ECL”). If the 
Group determines that a financial asset is credit-impaired, the asset is transferred to Stage 3 and its ECL 
is measured as a Lifetime ECL. For financial assets that are purchased or originated credit-impaired (“POCI 
Assets”), the ECL is always measured as a Lifetime ECL.  

Financial  assets  -  write-off.  Financial  assets  are  written-off,  in  whole  or  in  part,  when  the  Group  has 
exhausted  all  practical  recovery  efforts  and  has  concluded  that  there  is  no  reasonable  expectation  of 
recovery. The write-off represents a derecognition event. The Group may write-off financial assets that are 
still subject to enforcement activity when the Group seeks to recover amounts that are contractually due, 
however, there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. 

Financial  assets  -  derecognition.  The  Group  derecognises  financial  assets  when  (a)  the  assets  are 
redeemed or the rights to cash flows from the assets otherwise expire or (b) the Group has transferred the 
rights to  the cash flows from the financial assets or  entered  into a qualifying  pass-through arrangement 
whilst (i) also transferring substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the assets or (ii) neither 
transferring nor retaining substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership but not retaining control.  

Financial assets - modification. If the modified terms are substantially different, the rights to cash flows from 
the original asset expire and the Company derecognises the original financial asset and recognises a new 
asset  at  its  fair  value.  The  date  of  renegotiation  is  considered  to  be  the  date  of  initial  recognition  for 
subsequent  impairment  calculation  purposes,  including  determining  whether  a  SICR  has  occurred.  Any 
difference  between  the  carrying  amount  of  the  original  asset  derecognised  and  fair  value  of  the  new 
substantially  modified  asset  is  recognised  in  profit  or  loss,  unless  the  substance  of  the  difference  is 
attributed to a capital transaction with owners. If the modified asset is not substantially different from the 
original  asset  and  the  modification  does  not  result  in  derecognition.  The  Group  recalculates  the  gross 
carrying amount by discounting the modified contractual cash flows by the original effective interest rate (or 
credit-adjusted effective interest rate for POCI financial assets), and recognises a modification gain or loss 
in profit or loss.  

Financial liabilities - measurement categories. Financial liabilities are classified as subsequently measured 
at  AC,  except  for  (i)  financial  liabilities  at  FVTPL:  this  classification  is  applied  to  derivatives,  financial 
liabilities  held  for  trading  (e.g.  short  positions  in  securities),  contingent  consideration  recognised  by  an 
acquirer in a business combination and other financial liabilities designated as such at initial recognition 
and (ii) financial guarantee contracts and loan commitments. The Group’s financial liabilities include trade 
and other payables, lease liabilities, all of which are classified as AC in accordance with IFRS 9. 

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Financial liabilities - derecognition. Financial liabilities are derecognised when they are extinguished (i.e. 
when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires). 

Trade Receivables  

Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods sold in the ordinary course of business. If 
collection is expected in one year or less, they are classified as current assets. If not, they are presented 
as non-current assets. 

Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using 
the effective interest method, less expected credit losses. 

Prepayments 

Prepayments are carried at cost less provision for impairment. A prepayment is classified as non-current 
when the goods or services relating to the prepayment are expected to be obtained after one year, or when 
the prepayment relates to  an  asset which will  itself  be classified  as non-current upon initial recognition. 
Prepayments to  acquire  assets are transferred to the  carrying amount of the asset once the Group has 
obtained control of the asset and it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the asset will 
flow  to  the  Group.  Other  prepayments  are  written  off  to  profit  or  loss  when  the  services  relating  to  the 
prepayments  are  received.  If  there  is  an  indication  that  the  assets,  goods  or  services  relating  to  a 
prepayment will not be received, the carrying value of the prepayment is written down accordingly and a 
corresponding impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss for the year. 

Investments in subsidiaries 

Investments  made  by  the  Company  in  its  subsidiaries  are  stated  at  cost  in  the  Company’s  financial 
statements  and  reviewed  for  impairment  if  there  are  indications  that  the  carrying  value  may  not  be 
recoverable. 

Loans issued to subsidiaries 

Loans  issued  by  the  Company  to  its  subsidiaries  are  initially  recognised  in  the  Company’s  financial 
statements at fair value and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method, 
less credit loss allowance. Net change in credit losses and foreign exchange differences on loans issued 
are recognised in the Company’s statement of profit or loss in the period when incurred. 

Trade and Other Payables  

Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course 
of business from suppliers. Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within 
one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities.  

Trade payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using 
the effective interest method. 

Lease liabilities 

Liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis. Lease liabilities include the 
net present value of the following lease payments: 

● 
● 

● 
● 

fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable, 
variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or 
rate as at the commencement date, 
the exercise price of a purchase option if the Group is reasonably certain to exercise that option, and 
payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Group exercising that 
option.  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

79 

 
 
 
 
Extension and termination options are included in a number of property and equipment leases across the 
Group. These terms are used to maximise operational flexibility in terms of managing contracts. Extension 
options (or period after termination options) are only included in the lease term if the lease is reasonably 
certain to be extended (or not terminated). Lease payments to be made under reasonably certain extension 
options are also included in the measurement of the liability. 

The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be readily 
determined, which is generally the case for leases of the Group, the Group’s incremental borrowing rate is 
used, being the rate that the Group would have to pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of 
similar value in a similar economic environment with similar terms and conditions. 

To determine the incremental borrowing rate, the Group: 

● 

● 
● 

where possible, uses recent third-party financing received by the individual lessee as a starting point, 
adjusted to reflect changes in financing conditions since third party financing was received, 
uses a build-up approach that starts with a risk-free interest rate adjusted for credit risk, and 
makes adjustments specific to the lease, e.g. term, country, currency and collateral. 

The Group is exposed to potential future increases in variable lease payments based on an index or rate, 
which  are  not  included  in  the  lease  liability  until  they  take  effect.  When  adjustments  to  lease  payments 
based on an index or rate take effect, the lease liability is reassessed and adjusted against the right-of-use 
asset. 

Lease payments are allocated between principal and finance costs. The finance costs are charged to profit 
or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance 
of the liability for each period. 

Payments  associated  with  short-term  leases  and  all  leases  of  low-value  assets  under  $5,000  are 
recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short-term leases are leases with a lease 
term of 12 months or less. 

Equity Instruments 

Ordinary shares are classified as  equity. Equity  instruments  issued by the Company and the Group are 
recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Any excess of the fair value of consideration 
received over the par value of shares issued is recorded as share premium in equity. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and deposits held at call with banks and other short-
term highly liquid investments which are readily convertible to a known amount of cash with insignificant 
risk  of  change  in  value.  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  are  carried  at  amortised  cost.  Interest  income  that 
relates to cash and cash equivalents on current and deposit accounts is disclosed within operating cash 
flow. 

Other short-term investments 

Other short-term investments include current accounts and deposits held at banks, which do not meet the 
cash and cash equivalents definition. Current accounts and deposits held at banks, which do not meet the 
cash  and  cash  equivalents  definition  are  measured  initially  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  carried  at 
amortised  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method.  Interest  received  on  other  short-term  investments  is 
disclosed within operating cash flow. 

Interest income 
Interest income is recognised as it accrues, taking into account the effective yield on the asset. Interest 
income on current bank accounts and on demand deposits or term deposits with the  maturity less than 
three months recognised as part of cash and cash equivalents is recognised as other operating income. 
Interest income on term deposits other than those classified as cash and cash equivalents is recognised 
as finance income. 

80 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
Certain reclassifications have been made in the comparative numbers for better clarity and consistency of 
presentation. 

3.  Significant Accounting Judgements and Estimates 

The Group  makes estimates and judgements concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates 
will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and judgements which have a risk 
of causing material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year 
are discussed below. 

Depreciation of Oil and Gas Development and Production Assets 

Development  and  production  assets  held  in  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  depreciated  on  a  unit  of 
production basis at a rate calculated by reference to proved and probable reserves at the end of the period 
plus the production in the period, and incorporating the estimated future cost of developing and extracting 
those  reserves.  Future  development  costs  are  estimated  using  estimates  about  the  number  of  wells 
required to produce those reserves, the cost of the wells, future production facilities and operating costs, 
together with assumptions on oil and gas realisations, and are revised annually. The reserves estimates 
used are determined using estimates of gas in place, recovery factors, future hydrocarbon prices and also 
take into consideration the Group’s latest development plan for the associated development and production 
asset. The latest development plan and therefore the inputs used to determine the depreciation charge for 
the MEX-GOL, SV and VAS fields continue until the end of the economic life of the fields, which is assessed 
to  be  2038,  2042  and  2033  respectively,  based  on  the  assessment  contained  in  the  DeGolyer  & 
MacNaughton reserves report for these fields. The licences for the MEX-GOL and SV fields have recently 
been extended until 2044. Were the estimated reserves at the beginning of the year to differ by 10% from 
previous  assumptions,  the  impact  on  depreciation  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2023  would  be  to 
increase  it  by  $1,066,000  or  decrease  it  by  $479,000  (2022:  increase  by  $1,394,000  or  decrease  by 
$626,000). 

Provision for Decommissioning 

The Group has decommissioning obligations in respect of its Ukrainian assets. The full extent to which the 
provision  is  required  depends  on  the  legal  requirements  at  the  time  of  decommissioning,  the  costs  and 
timing of any decommissioning works and the discount rate applied to such costs.  

A detailed assessment of gross decommissioning cost was undertaken on a well-by-well basis using local 
data on day rates and equipment costs. The discount rate applied on the decommissioning cost provision 
as at 31 December 2023 was 4.67% (31 December 2022: 4.76%). The discount rate is calculated in real 
terms based on the yield to maturity of Ukrainian Government bonds denominated in the currency in which 
the liability is expected to be settled and with the settlement date that approximates the timing of settlement 
of  decommissioning  obligations.  Increase  of  the  discount  rate  applied  is  caused  by  the  growth  of  the 
Ukrainian risk-free rate. 

The change in estimate applied to calculate the provision as at 31 December 2023 resulted from the revision 
of the estimated costs of decommissioning (increase of $556,000 in provision), an increase in the discount 
rate applied (increase of $86,000 in provision), revision of the economic life of the VAS field and SC field 
(decrease of $362,000 in provision). The costs are expected to be incurred by 2038 on the MEX-GOL field, 
by 2042 on the SV field, and by 2033 on the VAS field, which is the end of the estimated economic life of 
the respective fields (Note 24).  

Net Carrying Amount of Inter-Company Loans Receivable and Investments by the Company into a 
Subsidiary 

The  Company  has  certain  inter-company  loans  receivable  from  a  subsidiary,  which  are  eliminated  on 
consolidation.  For  the  purpose  of  the  Company’s  financial  statements,  these  receivable  balances  are 
carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less credit loss allowance. Measurement of 
lifetime expected credit losses on inter-company loans is a significant judgment that involves models and 
data  inputs  including  forward-looking  information,  current  conditions  and  forecasts  of  future  conditions 

81 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
impacting the estimated future cash flows that are expected to be recovered, time value of money, etc. In 
previous  years,  significant  impairment  charges  were  recorded  against  the  carrying  amount  of  the  loans 
issued to subsidiaries as the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective 
interest  rate  was  less  than  the  carrying  amount  of  the  loans,  and  the  resulting  impairment  losses  were 
recognised in profit or loss in the Company’s financial statements. 

For  the  purpose  of  assessment  of  the  credit  loss  allowance  as  at  31  December  2023,  the  Company 
considered  all  reasonable  and  supportable  forward-looking  information  available  as  at  that  date  without 
undue cost and effort, which includes a range  of factors, such as estimated future net cash flows to be 
generated by the subsidiaries operating in Ukraine and cash flow management. All these factors have a 
significant impact on the amounts subject to repayment on the loans and investments. The estimated future 
discounted  cash  flows  generated  by  the  subsidiaries  operating  in  Ukraine  are  considered  as  a  primary 
source of repayment on the loans and investments. As at 31 December 2023, the present value of future 
net cash flows to be generated by the subsidiaries operating in Ukraine during 2024 – 2028, adjusted for 
the subsidiaries’ working capital as at 31 December 2023 and estimated amounts reserved by the Group 
for investment projects in the time horizon was calculated.  

The key assumptions used in the discounted cash flow model are: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

production levels for a period of five years assumed to be: at the level of 6.7 MMboe for the MEX-
GOL and SV fields and zero for the period of suspension of the VAS field and SC licence area; 

proved plus probable (2P) reserves at the beginning of 2024 at the MEX-GOL and SV fields of 43.0 
MMboe, at the VAS field of 2.3 MMboe and at the SC licence area of 12.1 MMboe; 

commodity  prices  –  the  model  assumes  gas  prices  of  $423/Mm3  in  2024,  $450/Mm3  in  2025, 
decreasing to $414/Mm3 in 2026, and $400/Mm3 in subsequent years; 

discount  rate  applied  is  36.17%  in  2024,  30.08%  in  2025,  23.99%  in  2026,  17.89%  in  2027  and 
11.80% in 2028, determined in real terms; 

production taxes applicable to gas production at variable rates under relevant legislation; 

capital expenditure allowance for maintenance and development of: MEX-GOL and SV fields at the 
level of $750,000 per year, VAS field at the level of $250,000 per year and SC licence area at the 
level of $100,000 per year; 

future capital expenditures for a period of five years assumed to be: for the MEX-GOL and SV fields 
at the level of $195,300,000, VAS field at the level of $80,000 and SC licence area at the level of 
$26,100,000; 

life of field for the purpose of the assessment of loans – cash flows were taken for a period of five 
years  as  management  believes  there  is  no  reasonably  available  information  to  build  reliable 
expectations and demonstrate the ability to settle the loans over a longer perspective; 

life of field for the purpose of the assessment of investments – cash flows were taken for a period of 
the full economic life of the respective CGUs. 

The resulting amount, net of the carrying value of the Company’s investments in subsidiaries and loans, 
was  compared  to  the  discounted  cash  flows  and  net  financial  assets  of  the  subsidiaries  as  at 
31 December 2023. As such, the Company has recorded $14,979,000 of loss, being the net change in the 
expected credit losses for loans issued to and investments in subsidiaries in the Company’s statement of 
profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2023.  

As with any economic forecast, the projections and likelihoods of occurrence are subject to a high degree 
of inherent uncertainty, and therefore the actual outcomes may be significantly different to those projected. 
The Company considers these forecasts to represent its best estimate of the possible outcomes. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.  Segmental Information 

In  line  with  the  Group’s  internal  reporting  framework  and  management  structure,  the  key  strategic  and 
operating decisions are made by the Board of Directors, who review internal monthly management reports, 
budget and forecast information as part of this process. Accordingly, the Board of Directors is deemed to 
be the Chief Operating Decision Maker within the Group. 

The Group’s only class of business activity is oil and gas exploration, development and production. The 
Group’s operations are located in Ukraine, with its head office in the United Kingdom. These geographical 
regions  are  the  basis  on  which  the  Group  reports  its  segment  information.  The  segment  results  as 
presented  represent  operating  profit  before  depreciation,  amortisation  and  impairment  of  non-current 
assets. 

Revenue 
Gas sales 
Condensate sales 
Liquefied Petroleum Gas sales 
Total revenue 

Segment result 
Depreciation and amortisation of non-current 
assets 
Operating profit 

Ukraine 
2023 
$000 

42,270 
10,466 
9,458 
62,194 

United 
Kingdom 
2023 
$000 

- 
- 
- 
- 

43,649  

(1,409) 

(6,704) 

- 

Total 
2023 
$000 

42,270 
10,466 
9,458 
62,194 

42,240 

(6,704) 

35,536 

Segment assets 

Capital additions* 

161,232 

22,100 

183,332 

15,749 

- 

15,749 

*Comprises additions to property, plant and equipment (Note 16) 

There are no inter-segment sales within the Group and all products are sold in the geographical region in 
which they are produced. The Group is not significantly impacted by seasonality. Revenue is recognised at 
a point in time. 

During 2022 and until May 2023, the Group was selling all of its gas production to its related party, LLC 
Smart  Energy  (“Smart  Energy”).  Smart  Energy  has  oil  and  gas  operations  in  Ukraine  and  is  part  of  the 
PJSC  Smart-Holding  Group,  which  was  ultimately  controlled  by  Mr  Vadym  Novynskyi,  who  until  1 
December 2022, through an indirect 82.65% majority shareholding, ultimately controlled the Group. This 
arrangement came about in 2017 as a consequence of the Ukrainian Government introducing a number of 
new  provisions  into  the  Ukrainian  Tax  Code  over  the  previous  two  years,  including  transfer  pricing 
regulations for companies  operating  in Ukraine. The introduction of the  new regulations has meant that 
there is an increased regulatory burden on affected companies in Ukraine who must prepare and submit 
reporting  information  to  the  Ukrainian  Tax  Authorities.  Due  to  the  corporate  structure  of  the  Group,  a 
substantial proportion of its gas production is produced by a non-Ukrainian subsidiary of the Group, which 
operates in Ukraine as a branch, or representative office as it is classified in Ukraine. Under the Ukrainian 
tax regulations, this  places additional regulatory obligations on each  of  the Group’s  potential customers 
who may be less inclined to purchase the Group’s gas and/or may seek discounts on sales prices. As a 
result of discussions between the Company and Smart Energy, Smart Energy agreed to purchase all of the 
Group’s gas production and to assume responsibility for the regulatory obligations under the Ukrainian tax 
regulations. Furthermore, Smart Energy agreed to combine the Group’s gas production with its own gas 
production, and to sell such gas as combined volumes, which was intended to result in higher sales prices 
due  to  the  larger  sales  volumes.  In  order  to  cover  Smart  Energy’s  sales,  administration  and  regulatory 
compliance costs, the Group sold its gas to Smart Energy at a discount of 2.0% to the gas sales prices 
83 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
achieved by Smart Energy, who sold the combined volumes in line with market prices. The terms of sale 
for the Group’s gas to Smart Energy were (i) for 35% of the monthly volume of gas by the 15th of the month 
following the month of delivery, and (ii) payment of the remaining balance by the end of that month. This 
arrangement was terminated in May 2023. 

Revenue 
Gas sales 
Condensate sales 
Liquefied Petroleum Gas sales 
Total revenue 

Segment result 
Depreciation and amortisation of non-current assets 
Operating profit 

Ukraine 
2022 
$000 

109,461 
12,744 
11,175 
133,380 

84,750 
(7,837) 

United 
Kingdom 
2022 
$000 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(1,140) 
- 

Total 
2022 
$000 

109,461 
12,744 
11,175 
133,380 

83,610 
(7,837) 
75,773 

Segment assets 

Capital additions* 

158,982 

82,752 

241,734 

19,807 

 -  

19,807  

*Comprises additions to property, plant and equipment (Note 16) 

5.  Cost of Sales 

Production taxes 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Rent expenses (Note 18) 
Staff costs (Note 8) 
Cost of inventories recognised as an expense 
Amortisation of mineral reserves (Note 17) 
Transmission tariff for Ukrainian gas system 
Other expenses 

2023 
$000 

8,610 
5,719 
2,573 
2,142 
1,587 
359 
322 
1,910 
23,222 

2022 
$000 

25,271 
6,684 
8,468 
2,149 
1,510 
411 
493 
2,471 
47,457 

A transmission tariff for use of the Ukrainian gas transit system of UAH101.93/Mm3 of gas was applicable 
to the Group (2022: UAH101.93/Mm3).   

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6.  Administrative Expenses 

Staff costs (Note 8) 
Consultancy fees 
Professional services 
Depreciation of other fixed assets  
Group Auditor’s remuneration* 
Rent expenses  
Amortisation of other intangible assets 
Other expenses 

2023 
$000 

3,585 
1,567 
339 
321 
146 
137 
113 
745 
6,953 

2022 
$000 

4,105 
906 
187  
297 
139 
248  
169  
779  
6,830  

*The Group Auditor did not provide any non-audit services for the 2023 and 2022 audits. 

7.  Remuneration of Directors 

Directors’ emoluments 

The emoluments of the individual Directors were as follows: 

Executive Directors: 
Sergii Glazunov 
Bruce Burrows 

Non-executive Directors: 
Chris Hopkinson 
Alexey Pertin 
Yuliia Kirianova 
Dmitry Sazonenko 
Dr Gehrig Schultz 

2023 
$000 

815 

2022 
$000 

1,325 

Total 
Emoluments 
2023 
$000 

Total 
emoluments 
2022 
$000 

180 
343 

124 
56 
56 
- 
56 
815 

473 
546 

124 
56 
56 
50 
20 
1,325 

The emoluments include base salary, bonuses and fees. According to the Register of Directors’ Interests, 
no  rights  to  subscribe  for  shares  in  or  debentures  of  any  Group  companies  were  granted  to  any  of  the 
Directors or their immediate families during the financial year, and there were no outstanding options to 
Directors. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8.  Staff Numbers and Costs 

The  average  monthly  number  of  employees  during  the  year  (including  Executive  Directors)  and  the 
aggregate staff costs of such employees were as follows: 

Group 
Management / operational 
Administrative support 

Number of employees 

2023 

2022 

169 
70 
239 

 166 
 81 
 247 

The  prior  year  comparative  numbers  of  employees  were  amended  to  conform  to  the  current  year 
presentation. The number of employees includes full-time and part-time employees. 

Wages and salaries 
Other pension costs 
Social security costs 

9.  Other Operating Gains/(Losses), (net) 

Interest income on cash and cash equivalents 
Gain on sales of current assets 
Contractor penalties applied 
Impairment of property, plant and equipment (Note 16) 
Other operating (loss)/income, net 

10.  Finance Income 

Financial instrument: unwinding of discount 

11.  Finance Costs 

Unwinding of discount on financial liabilities 
Unwinding of discount on provision for decommissioning (Note 24) 
Interest expense on lease liabilities 

2023 
$000 

5,268 
723 
80 
6,071 

2023 
$000 

4,578 
5 
1 
- 
(1,067) 
3,517 

2023 
$000 

2,144 
2,144 

2023 
$000 

2,291 
331 
83 
2,705 

2022 
$000 

5,729 
816 
90 
6,635 

2022 
$000 

1,888 
20 
114 
(4,257) 
(1,085) 
(3,320) 

2022 
$000 

1,126 
1,126 

2022 
$000 

996 
293 
121 
1,410 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12.  Other Gains/(Losses), (net) 

Charitable donations 
Foreign exchange gains/(losses) 
Other gains/(losses), (net) 

2023 
$000 

(17) 
731 
(31) 
683 

2022 
$000 

(6,534) 
4,843 
(47) 
(1,738) 

Charitable donations for the year ended 31 December 2023 and 2022 comprise humanitarian aid for the 
population and armed forces of Ukraine.  

13.  Income Tax Expense 

a) 

Income tax expense and (benefit): 

Current tax 
UK - current year 
UK - prior year 
Overseas - current year  
Overseas - prior year 

Deferred tax (Note 25) 
UK - current year 
UK - prior year 
Overseas - current year 
Income tax expense 

2023 
$000 

131 
- 
6,621 
83 

1,941 
- 
(79) 
8,697 

2022 
$000 

54 
- 
14,263 
- 

1,852 
(3,021) 
(24) 
13,124 

b) 

Factors affecting tax charge for the year: 

The tax assessed for the year is different from the corporation tax rate in the UK of 19.00% rising to 25.00% 
with effect from 1 April 2023. The expense for the year can be reconciled to the profit as per the Income 
Statement as follows: 

Profit before taxation 
Tax charge at UK tax rate of 19.00%/25.00% (2022: 19.00%) 

Tax effects of: 
Lower foreign corporate tax rates in Ukraine (18.00%) (2022: 18.00%) 
Disallowed expenses and non-taxable income 
Previously unrecognised tax losses used to reduce income tax expense  
Adjustments in respect of prior periods 
Total tax expense for the year 

2023 
$000 

35,183 
7,010 

(504) 
3,148 
(957) 
- 
8,697 

2022 
$000 

73,307 
13,928  

(699) 
6,708 
(3,792) 
(3,021) 
13,124 

The tax effect of disallowed expenses and non-taxable income are mainly represented by foreign exchange 
differences  of  LLC  Regal  Petroleum  Corporation  (Ukraine)  Limited  and  the  net  change  in  credit  loss 
allowance for loans issued to subsidiaries and shares in subsidiary undertakings. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  tax  effect  of  losses  not  recognised  as  deferred  tax  assets  are  mainly  represented  by  accumulated 
losses of LLC Regal Petroleum Corporation (Ukraine) Limited. 

14.  Profit/(Loss) for the Year 

The Company has taken advantage of the  exemption allowed under section  408 of the Companies Act 
2006 and has not presented its own Income Statement in these financial statements. The Parent Company 
profit after tax was $7,151,000 for the year ended 31 December 2023 (2022: loss after tax $6,358,000). 

15.  Earnings per Share 

The  calculation  of  basic  earnings  per  ordinary  share  has  been  based  on  the  profit  for  the  year  and 
320,637,836 (2022: 320,637,836) ordinary shares, being the weighted average number of shares in issue 
for the year. There are no dilutive instruments. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

88 

 
 
 
 
16.  Property, Plant and Equipment 

Group 

Cost  
At the beginning of the year 
Additions 
Change in decommissioning provision 
Disposals 
Exchange differences 
At the end of the year 

  Accumulated depreciation and impairment 

At the beginning of the year 
Charge for year 
Disposals 
Impairment charged 
Exchange differences 
At the end of the year 

Net  book  value  at  the  beginning  of 
the year 
Net book value at the end of the year 

Oil and Gas 
Development 
and 
Production 
assets  
Ukraine 
$000 

2023 

Oil and Gas 
Exploration 
and 
Evaluation 
Assets 
$000 

135,255 
13,530 
293 
(1,389) 
(5,787) 
141,902 

73,108 
5,555 
(95) 
- 
(2,949) 
75,619 

62,147 

66,283 

13,093 
1,403 
(13) 

(539) 
13,944 

1,677 
- 
- 
- 
(42) 
1,635 

11,416 

12,309 

Other 
fixed 
assets 
$000 

1,968 
816 

(519) 
(84) 
2,181 

1,275 
304 
(95) 
- 
12 
1,496 

693 

685 

Total 
$000 

150,316 
15,749 
280 
(1,908) 
(6,410) 
158,027 

76,060 
5,859 
(190) 
- 
(2,979) 
78,750 

74,256 

79,277 

Oil and Gas 
Development 
and 
Production 
assets  
Ukraine 
$000 

Oil and Gas 
Exploration 
and 
Evaluation 
Assets 
$000 

2022 

Other 
fixed 
assets 
$000 

2,631 
386 
- 
(356) 
(693) 
1,968 

1,423 
301 
(57) 

(392) 
1,275 

Total 
$000 

175,911 
19,807 
2,634 
(574) 
(47,462) 
150,316 

88,493 
7,207 
(132) 
4,257 
(23,765) 
76,060 

10,110 
6,549 
38 
(18) 
(3,586) 
13,093 

- 
- 
- 
1,896 
(219) 
1,677 

10,110 

1,208 

87,418 

11,416 

693 

74,256 

163,170 
12,872 
2,596 
(200) 
(43,183) 
135,255 

87,070 
6,906 
(75) 
2,361 
(23,154) 
73,108 

76,100 

62,147 

MEX-GOL, SV, SC and VAS gas and condensate fields 

In accordance with the Group’s accounting policies, oil and gas development and producing assets are tested for an impairment loss at each balance sheet date. 
As at 31 December 2023, oil and gas development and producing assets were tested for an impairment loss, however no loss was recognised in the period (Note 
3). 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. 

Intangible Assets 

2023 

Group 

Cost  
At the beginning of the year 
Additions 
Disposals 
Exchange differences 
At the end of the year 

  Accumulated amortisation 
At the beginning of the year 
Charge for year 
Disposals 
Exchange differences 
At the end of the year 

Net book value at the beginning of the 
year 
Net book value at the end of the year 

Exploration 
and 
evaluation 
intangible 
assets  
$000 

Mineral 
reserve rights 
$000 

5,080 
- 
- 
(189) 
4,891 

2,925 
359 

(122) 
3,162 
2,155 

1,729 

6,433 
- 
- 
(243) 
6,190 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
6,433 

6,190 

Other 
intangible 
assets 

$000 

860 
196 
(108) 
(34) 
914 

454 
130 
(106) 
(17) 
461 
406 

Exploration 
and 
evaluation 
intangible 
assets  
$000 

2022 

Other 
intangible 
assets 
$000 

Total 
$000 

Mineral 
reserve rights 
$000 

12,373 
196 
(108) 
(466) 
11,995 

3,379 
489 
(106) 
(139) 
3,623 
8,994 

6,810 
- 
- 
(1,730) 
5,080 

3,439 
411 
- 
(925) 
2,925 
3,371 

8,651 
- 
- 
(2,218) 
6,433 

- 
 -  
 -  
- 
- 
8,651 

453 

8,372 

2,155 

6,433 

752 
322 
(27) 
(187) 
860 

434 
182 
(27) 
(135) 
454 
318 

406 

Total 
$000 

16,213 
322 
(27) 
(4,135) 
12,373 

3,873 
593 
(27) 
(1,060) 
3,379 
12,340 

8,994 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Intangible assets consist mainly of the hydrocarbon production licence relating to the VAS field which is 
held by one of the Group's subsidiaries, LLC Prom-Enerho Produkt, and a hydrocarbon exploration licence 
relating to the Svystunivsko-Chervonolutskyi (“SC”) area which is held by LLC Arkona Gas-Energy. The 
Group amortises the hydrocarbon production licence relating to the VAS field using the straight-line method 
over the term of the economic life of the VAS field until 2028. The hydrocarbon exploration licence relating 
to the SC area is not amortised due to it being in an exploration and evaluation stage. 

In accordance with  the Group’s accounting  policies,  intangible  assets are tested for impairment  at each 
balance sheet date as part of the impairment testing of the Group’s oil and gas development and production 
assets  if  impairment  indicators  exist.  As  at  31  December  2023,  intangible  assets  were  tested  for  an 
impairment loss, however no loss was recognised in the period. 

18.  Right-of-use Assets 

This note provides information for right-of-use assets and leases obligations where the Group is a lessee. 

Amount recognised in the balance sheet: 

Right-of-use assets 
Properties 
Land 
Wells 

Lease liabilities 
Current 
Non-current 

2023 
$000 

- 
153 
39 
192 

2023 
$000 

38 
245 
283 

2022 
$000 

150  
170 
44 
364 

2022 
$000 

229 
258 
487 

After modification and due to termination of contracts, disposals to the right-of-use assets during the 2023 
financial  year  were  $115,000  (2022:  disposals  to  the  right-of-use  assets  after  modification  and  due  to 
termination of contracts were $271,000). 

Amounts recognised in the statement of profit or loss: 

Depreciation charge 
Properties 
Land 
Wells 

Interest expense (included in finance cost) 
Expense  relating  to  short-term  leases  (included  in  cost  of  sales  and 
administrative expenses) 
Expense  relating  to  variable  lease  payments  not  included  in  lease 
liabilities (included in cost of sales) 
Expense relating to lease payments for land under wells not included in 
lease liabilities (included in cost of sales) 

2023 
$000 

(199) 
(11) 
(5) 
(215) 

(331) 
(132) 

2022 
$000 

(237) 
(14) 
(5) 
(256) 

(121) 
(228) 

(2,522) 

(8,430) 

(42) 

(38) 

The total cash outflow for leases in 2023 was $ 3,835,000 (2022: $12,464,000). 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19. 

Investments and Loans to Subsidiary Undertakings 

Company 
As at 1 January 2022 
Additions including accrued interest 
Repayment of interest and loans 
Impairment 
Exchange differences 
As at 31 December 2022 
Additions including accrued interest 
Repayment of interest and loans 
Impairment 
Exchange differences 
As at 31 December 2023 

Shares in 
subsidiary 
undertakings 
$000 

Loans to 
subsidiary 
undertakings 
$000 

38,527 
3 
- 
(7,826) 
- 
30,704 
- 
- 
- 
- 
30,704 

48,899 
6,740 
(1,077) 
(2,116) 
(2,472) 
49,974 
 2,795  
- 
 (14,979) 
 1,416  
 39,206  

Total 
$000 

87,426 
6,743 
(1,077) 
(9,942) 
(2,472) 
80,678 
 2,795  
- 
 (14,979) 
 1,416  
 69,910  

The Company has recorded a loss of $14,979,000, being the net change in expected credit losses for loans 
issued to subsidiaries in the Company’s statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2023 
(Note 3) (2022: $2,116,000).   

The Company’s discounted cash flow  model  used for the assessment of the investments recoverability, 
flexed for sensitivities, produced the following results: 

Discount rate (increase)/decrease by 1% 
Change in gas price increase/(decrease) by 10% 

1,355/1,472 
2,734/(13,698) 

 (247)/220 
 1,664/(1,647)  

31 December 2023 
$000 

31 December 2022 
$000 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table presented below discloses the changes in the gross carrying amount and credit loss allowance 
between the beginning and the end of the reporting period for loans to subsidiary undertakings carried at 
impairment  assessment  as  at 
amortised  cost  and  classified  within  a 
31 December 2023:  

three-stage  model 

for 

Stage 1  Stage 2 

Credit loss allowance 
Stage 3 
(lifetime 
ECL for 
credit  
impaired) 

(lifetime 
ECL for 
SICR)  

Gross carrying amount 

Stage 1  Stage 2 

Total 

(12-
months 
ECL) 

(lifetime 
ECL for 
SICR)  

Stage 3 
(lifetime 
ECL for 
credit 
impaired) 

Total 

(12-
months 
ECL) 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

As at 1 January 2023 

(1,722) 

- 

(17,831) 

(19,553) 

17,234 

- 

52,293 

69,527 

Movements with impact 
on credit loss allowance 
charge for the year: 

Modification of loans 
Additions including 
accrued interest 
Payment of interest 
Repayment of loans 
Exchange difference 
Changes to ECL 
measurement model 
assumptions 

Total movements with 
impact on credit loss 
allowance charge for 
the year 

As at 31 December 
2023 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
(3,538) 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

1,522 
- 

1,522 
- 

- 
960 

- 
- 
- 
(11,441) 

- 
- 
- 
(14,979) 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(1,522) 
1,835 

(1,522) 
2,795 

- 
- 
1,416 
- 

- 
- 
1,416 
- 

(3,538) 

- 

(9,919) 

(13,457) 

960 

- 

1,729 

2,689 

(5,260) 

- 

(27,750) 

(33,010) 

18,194 

- 

54,022 

72,216 

ECL - Expected credit losses 
SICR - Significant increase in credit risk 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table presented below discloses the changes in the gross carrying amount and credit loss allowance 
between the beginning and the end of the reporting period for loans to subsidiary undertakings carried at 
impairment  assessment  as  at 
amortised  cost  and  classified  within  a 
31 December 2022:  

three-stage  model 

for 

Stage 1  Stage 2 

Stage 1  Stage 2 

Credit loss allowance 
Stage 3 
(lifetime 
ECL for 
credit  
impaired) 

(lifetime 
ECL for 
SICR)  

(12-
months 
ECL) 

Total 

(12-
months 
ECL) 

Gross carrying amount 
Stage 3 
(lifetime 
ECL for 
credit 
impaired) 

(lifetime 
ECL for 
SICR)  

Total 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000   

As at 1 January 2022 

(637) 

- 

(16,044) 

(16,681) 

12,276 

- 

53,304 

65,580 

Movements with impact 
on credit loss allowance 
charge for the year: 

Modification of loans 
Additions including 
accrued interest 
Payment of interest 
Repayment of loans 
Exchange difference 
Changes to ECL 
measurement model 
assumptions 

Total movements with 
impact on credit loss 
allowance charge for the 
year 

As at 31 December 
2022 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
(1,085) 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(876) 
- 

(876) 
- 

- 
4,958 

- 
- 
120 
(1,031) 

- 
- 
120 
(2,116) 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

876 
1,782 

876 
6,740 

(1,077) 
- 
(2,592) 
- 

(1,077) 
- 
(2,592) 
- 

(1,085) 

- 

(1,787) 

(2,872) 

4,958 

- 

(1,011) 

3,947 

(1,722) 

- 

(17,831) 

(19,553) 

17,234 

- 

52,293 

69,527 

ECL – Expected credit losses 
SICR – Significant increase in credit risk

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsidiary undertakings  

As at 31 December 2023 and 2022, the Company’s subsidiary undertakings, all of which are included in 
the consolidated financial statements, were: 

Registered address 

Country of 
incorporation 

Country of 
operation 

Principal 
activity 

% of shares held 

31 December 
2023 

31 December 
2022 

Regal Petroleum 
Corporation 
Limited 

3rd Floor, Charter Place, 
23-27 Seaton Place, St 
Helier, Jersey, JE4 0WH  

Regal Petroleum 
Corporation 
Limited (Branch 
Office) 

162 Shevchenko Str., 
Yakhnyky Village, 
Lokhvytsya District, 
Poltava Region, 37212 

LLC Arkona 
Gas-Energy 

LLC Regal  
Petroleum 
Corporation 
(Ukraine) 
Limited 

162 Shevchenko Str., 
Yakhnyky Village, 
Lokhvytsya District, 
Poltava Region, 37212 

162 Shevchenko Str., 
Yakhnyky Village, 
Lokhvytsya District, 
Poltava Region, 37212 

Jersey 

Ukraine 

Oil & Natural 
Gas Extraction 

100% 

100% 

Ukraine 

Oil & Natural 
Gas Extraction 

Ukraine 

Ukraine 

Ukraine 

Ukraine 

Exploration 
and Evaluation 
for Oil and 
Natural Gas  

Holding 
Company 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

LLC Prom-
Enerho Produkt 

3 Klemanska Str., Kiev, 
02081 

Ukraine 

Ukraine 

Oil & Natural 
Gas Extraction 

100% 

100% 

Well Investum 
LLC 

58 Yaroslavska str., 
Kyiv, 04071 

Ukraine 

Ukraine 

Dormant 
Company 

100% 

- 

*Regal Group 
Services Limited 

16 Old Queen Street, 
London, SW1H 9HP 

United 
Kingdom 

United 
Kingdom 

Service 
Company 

100% 

100% 

Regal Group Services Limited was dissolved on 21 February 2023.   

The  Parent  Company,  Enwell  Energy  plc,  holds  direct  interests  in  100%  of  the  share  capital  of  Regal 
Petroleum  Corporation  Limited,  LLC  Regal  Petroleum  Corporation  (Ukraine)  Limited,  LLC  Arkona  Gas-
Energy and Well Investum LLC, and a 100% indirect interest in LLC Prom-Enerho Produkt through its 100% 
shareholding in LLC Regal Petroleum Corporation (Ukraine) Limited, which owns all of the share capital of 
LLC Prom-Enerho Produkt. The Parent Company, Enwell Energy plc, held a direct interest in 100% of the 
share capital of Regal Group Services Limited until it was dissolved on 21 February 2023.   

20. 

Inventories 

Current 
Materials and spare parts 
Finished goods 

           Group 
2023 
$000 

 2,336    
 615    
 2,951    

2022 
$000 

1,914 
1,444 
3,358 

Inventories consist of materials, spare parts and finished goods. Materials and spare parts are represented 
by spare parts that were not assigned to any new wells, production raw materials and fuel at the storage 
facility. Finished goods consist of produced gas held in underground gas storage facilities and condensate 
and LPG held at the processing facility prior to sale. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2023, allowances for impairment of materials and spare parts amounted to $671,000 
(31 December 2022: $705,000). 

All  inventories  are  measured  at  the  lower  of  cost  or  net  realisable  value.  There  was  no  write  down  of 
inventory as at 31 December 2023 or 2022.  

21.  Trade and Other Receivables 

Trade receivables 
Other financial receivables 
Financial aids 
Less credit loss allowance 
Total financial receivables 

Prepayments and accrued income 
Other receivables 
Total trade and other receivables 

Group 

Company 

2023 
$000 

11,580 
533 
- 
(323) 
11,790 

350 
3,445 
15,585 

2022 
$000 

46,188 
284 
11,316 
(433) 
57,355 

509 
3,129 
60,993 

2023 
$000 

4 
533 
- 
- 
537 

- 
832 
1,369 

2022 
$000 

- 
285 
- 
- 
285 

249 
636 
1,170 

Due to the short-term nature of the trade and other receivables, their carrying amount is assumed to be the 
same as their fair value. All trade and other financial receivables, except those provided for, are considered 
to be of high credit quality.  

As at 31 December 2023, the Group’s total trade receivables, net of expected credit losses amounted to 
$11,752,000  and  100%  were  denominated  in  Ukrainian  Hryvnia  (31 December  2022:  $46,033,000  and 
100% were denominated in Ukrainian Hryvnia). Further description of financial receivables is disclosed in 
Note 29. 

Analysis by credit quality of financial trade and other receivables and expected credit loss allowance as at 
31 December 2023 is as follows: 

Loss rate  Gross carrying 
amount 
$000 

Life-
time ECL 
$000 

Carrying 
amount 
$000 

Basis 

28.91% 

- 

- 

100% 

95 

(95) 

- 

- 

28.91% 

 11,485  

(227) 

11,258 

28.91% 

- 

 533  

- 

(1) 

- 

532 

- 

financial position of 
related party 

number of days the 
asset is past due 

historical credit 
losses experienced 

individual default 
rates 

- 

12,113 

(323) 

11,790 

Trade receivables from 
related parties 

Trade receivables - 
credit impaired 

Trade receivables - 
other 

Other financial 
receivables 

Financial aids 

Total trade and other 
receivables for which 
individual approach 
for ECL is used 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

96 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Analysis by credit quality of financial trade and other receivables and expected credit loss allowance as at 
31 December 2022 is as follows: 

Loss rate  Gross carrying 
amount 
$000 

Life-
time ECL 
$000 

Carrying 
amount 
$000 

Basis 

9.99% 

46,003 

(126) 

45,877 

financial position of 
related party 

100% 

9.99% 

9.99% 

98 

87 

(98) 

(1) 

- 

number of days the 
asset is past due 

86 

historical credit 
losses experienced 

284 

(25) 

259 

individual default 
rates 

- 

11,316 

(183) 

11,133 

- 

57, 788 

(433) 

57,355 

Trade receivables from 
related parties 

Trade receivables - 
credit impaired 

Trade receivables - 
other 

Other financial 
receivables 

Financial aids 

Total trade and other 
receivables for which 
individual approach 
for ECL is used 

ECL - Expected credit losses 

The following table explains the changes in the credit loss allowance for trade and other receivables under 
the simplified ECL model between the beginning and the end of the year: 

Trade and other receivables 
Balance as at 1 January  
New originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised during the year 
Changes in estimates and assumptions 
Foreign exchange movements 
Balance as at 31 December  

22.  Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 
Cash at bank 
Demand deposits and term deposits with 
maturity of less than 3 months 

2023 
$000 

433 
 151  
(460)  
 210  
(12)  
323 

2022 
$000 

140 
441 
(172) 
61 
(37) 
433 

Group 

Company 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

 54,873    

33,243 

20,695 

 21,620    

55,409 

- 

76,493    

88,652 

20,695 

26,541 

55,000 

81,541 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

97 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash at bank earns interest at fluctuating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. Demand deposits are 
made for varying periods depending on the immediate cash requirements of the Group and earn interest at 
the respective short-term deposit rates. The terms and conditions upon which the Group’s demand deposits 
are made allow immediate access to all cash deposits, with no significant loss of interest. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 
Ukrainian Hryvnia 
US Dollars 
British Pounds 
Euros 

Group 

Company 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

55,787    
20,341    
116    
249   
76,493    

6,874 
81,282 
223 
273 
88,652 

- 

20,330    
116   
249    

20,695 

- 
81,046 
223 
272 
81,541 

The credit quality of cash and cash equivalents balances may be summarised based on Moody’s  ratings 
as follows as at 31 December: 

Cash at bank 
and on hand 
2023 
$000 

Demand deposits 
and term deposits 
with maturity less 
than 3 months 
2023 
$000 

A- to A+ rated 
B- to B+ rated 
C- to C+ rated 
Unrated 

20,708 
- 
4,017 
30,148 
54,873 

- 
- 
- 
21,620 
21,620 

Cash at bank 
and on hand 
2022 
$000 

26,537 
- 
3,209 
3,497 
33,243 

Demand deposits 
and term deposits 
with maturity less 
than 3 months 
2022 
$000 

55,000 
- 
409 
- 
55,409 

A- to A+ rated 
B- to B+ rated 
C- to C+ rated 
Unrated 

Total cash and 
cash equivalents 
and other short-
term investments 
2023 
$000 

20,708 
- 
4,017 
51,768 
76,493 

Total cash and 
cash equivalents 
and other short-
term investments 
2022 
$000 

81,537 
- 
3,618 
3,497 
88,652 

For cash and cash equivalents, the Group assessed ECL based on the Moody’s rating for rated banks and 
based on the sovereign rating of Ukraine defined by Standard & Poor's as “CCC” as at 31 December 2023 
for non-rated banks. Based on this assessment, the Group concluded that the identified impairment loss 
was immaterial. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23.  Trade and Other Payables 

Taxation and social security 
Trade payables 
Accruals and other payables 
Advances received 

Group 

Company 

2023 
$000 

1,632 
1,293 
2,934 
153 
6,012 

2022 
$000 

3,347 
1,079 
22,365 
1,293 
28,084 

2023 
$000 

32    
- 

2,139    

- 

2,171    

2022 
$000 

51 
- 
20,464 
- 
20,515 

The carrying amounts of trade and other payables are assumed to be the same as their fair values, due to 
their short-term nature. Financial payables are disclosed in Note 29. 

24.  Provision for Decommissioning 

Group 
At the beginning of the year 
Amounts provided 
Unwinding of discount 
Change in estimate 
Effect of exchange difference 
At the end of the year 

2023 
$000 

6,964 
- 
 331    
 280  
 (270) 
7,305    

2022 
$000 

5,467 
137 
293 
2,497 
(1,430) 
6,964 

The provision for decommissioning is based on the net present value of the Group’s estimated liability for 
the removal of the Ukrainian production facilities and well site restoration at the end of production life.  

The non-current provision of $7,305,000 (31 December 2022: $6,964,000) represents a provision for the 
decommissioning of the Group’s MEX-GOL, SV, VAS and SC production and exploration facilities, including 
site restoration. 

The change in estimates applied to calculate the provision as at 31 December 2023 is explained in Note 3. 

The principal assumptions used are as follows:  

31 December 2023 

31 December 2022 

Discount rate 
Average cost of restoration per well ($000) 

4.67% 
339 

4.76% 
326  

The sensitivity of the restoration provision to changes in the principal assumptions to the provision balance 
and related asset is presented below: 

Discount rate (increase)/decrease by 1% 
Change in average cost of well restoration increase/ 
(decrease) by 10% 

 (1,005)/1,187  

 653/(653)  

 (561)/665  

451/(451)  

31 December 2023 
$000 

31 December 2022 
$000 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25.  Deferred Tax 

Deferred tax (liability)/asset recognised relating to oil and 
gas development and production assets at the MEX-GOL-
SV fields and provision for decommissioning 
At the beginning of the year 
Charged to Income Statement - UK current year 
Charged to Income Statement - UK prior year 
Effect of exchange difference 
At the end of the year 

Deferred tax asset/(liability) recognised relating to 
development and production assets at the VAS field and 
provision for decommissioning 
At the beginning of the year 
Credited to Income Statement - overseas current year 
Effect of exchange difference 
At the end of the year 

2023 
$000 

(3,232) 
(1,941) 
- 
197 
(4,976) 

2023 
$000 

287 
79 
(14) 
352 

2022 
$000 

(5,197) 
(1,852) 
3,021 
796 
(3,232) 

2022 
$000 

361 
24 
(98) 
287 

There was a further $77,523,000 (31 December 2022: $77,072,000) of unrecognised UK tax losses carried 
forward for which no deferred tax asset in the amount of $19,380,750 has been recognised. These losses 
can be carried forward indefinitely, subject to certain rules regarding capital transactions and changes in 
the trade of the Company. However, as at the balance sheet date, there is no evidence that taxable profit 
will be available against which the unused tax losses can be realised. 

The deferred tax asset relating to the Group’s provision for decommissioning as at 31 December 2023 of 
$555,000 (31 December 2022: $449,000) was recognised on the tax effect of the temporary differences of 
the Group’s provision for decommissioning at the MEX-GOL and SV fields, and its tax base. The deferred 
tax liability relating to the Group’s development and production assets at the MEX-GOL and SV fields as at 
31 December 2023 of $5,531,000 (31 December 2022: $3,681,000) was recognised on the tax effect of the 
temporary differences between the carrying value of the Group’s development and production asset at the 
MEX-GOL and SV fields, and its tax base. The deferred tax liability will be settled more than twelve months 
after the reporting period. 

The deferred tax asset relating to the Group’s provision for decommissioning as at 31 December 2023 of 
$280,000 (31 December 2022: $310,000) was recognised on the tax effect of the temporary differences on 
the Group’s provision on decommissioning at the VAS field, and its tax base. The deferred tax asset relating 
to the Group’s development and production assets at the VAS field as at 31 December 2023 of $72,000 
(31 December 2022: deferred tax  liability of $23,000) was recognised on the tax effect of the  temporary 
differences between the carrying value of the Group’s development and production asset at the VAS field, 
and its tax base. The deferred tax assets are expected to be recovered more than twelve months after the 
reporting period. 

Losses accumulated in a Ukrainian subsidiary service company of UAH1,443,349,000 ($38,000,000) as at 
31 December  2023  and  UAH877,268,000  ($23,990,000)  as  at  31 December  2022  mainly  originated  as 
foreign exchange differences on inter-company loans and for which no deferred tax asset was recognised 
as this subsidiary is not expected to have taxable profits to utilise these losses in the future. 

As at 31 December 2023 and 2022, the Group has not recorded a deferred tax liability in respect of taxable 
temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries as the Group is able to control the timing 
of the reversal of those temporary differences and does not intend to reverse them in the foreseeable future. 
100 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UK Corporation Tax change 

The Corporation Tax rate of 19% effective at the beginning of the year, changed with effect from 1 April 
2023, when it was replaced by variable rates ranging from 19% to 25%. A small profits rate of 19% applies 
to companies whose profits are equal to or less than £50,000, while the main Corporation Tax rate of 25% 
applies to companies with profits in excess of £250,000. 

Double tax treaty 

On 30 October 2019, the Parliament of Ukraine voted for ratification of a Protocol changing the Double Tax 
Treaties between Ukraine and the United Kingdom. The Protocol and the new Treaty will enter into force 
upon  completion  of  ratification  formalities,  and  for  the  purposes  of  withholding  tax,  commence  applying 
from 1 January 2020. The Group accrues and pays withholding tax on current amounts of interest at the 
moment when such interest accrues and is paid. 

26.  Called Up Share Capital 

Number 

           2023 
$000 

Number 

         2022 
$000 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 
Opening balance as at 1 January 
Issued during the year 
Closing balance as at 31 December 

320,637,836 
- 
320,637,836 

28,115 
- 
28,115 

320,637,836 
- 
320,637,836 

28,115 
- 
28,115 

There are no restrictions over ordinary shares issued. The Company is a public company limited by shares. 

27.  Other Reserves 

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared and are entitled to one vote 
per share at any general meeting of shareholders.  

Other reserves, the movements in which are shown in the statements of changes in equity, comprise the 
following: 

Capital contributions reserve  

The  capital  contributions  reserve  is  non-distributable  and  represents  the  value  of  equity  invested  in 
subsidiary entities prior to the Company listing. 

Merger reserve 

The  merger  reserve  represents  the  difference  between  the  nominal  value  of  shares  acquired  by  the 
Company  and  those  issued  to  acquire  subsidiary  undertakings.  This  balance  relates  wholly  to  the 
acquisition  of  Regal  Petroleum  (Jersey)  Limited  and  that  company’s  acquisition  of  Regal  Petroleum 
Corporation Limited during 2002. 

Foreign exchange reserve 

Exchange reserve movement for the year attributable to currency fluctuations. This balance predominantly 
represents the result of exchange differences on non-monetary assets and liabilities where the subsidiaries’ 
functional currency is not the US Dollar. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

101 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28.  Reconciliation of Operating Profit to Operating Cash Flow 

Group 
Operating profit 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Less interest income recorded within operating profit 
Impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Fines and penalties received 
Gain on sales of current assets, net 
Net (gain)/loss on sale of non-current assets 
Change in working capital: 
Increase in provisions 
(Increase)/decrease in inventory 
(Increase)/decrease in receivables  
Increase/(decrease) in payables 
Cash generated from operations 

Company 
Operating profit 
Interest received 
Change in working capital: 
Movement in provisions (including impairment of subsidiary loans) 
Decrease/(increase) in receivables 
(Decrease)/increase in payables 
Cash used in operations 

29.  Financial Instruments 

Capital Risk Management 

2023 
$000 

35,536 
6,704 
(4,578) 
- 
(1) 
(5) 
(1) 

 (492) 
 1,880  
 44,956  
 (21,052) 
62,947 

2023 
$000 

(16,994) 
(1,661) 

14,979 
(754) 
1,455 
(2,975) 

2022 
$000 

75,773 
7,837 
(1,888) 
4,256 
(114) 
(20) 
(44) 

117 
(1,480) 
(56,849) 
19,953 
47,541 

2022 
$000 

(8,112) 
 (2,740) 

9,942 
(316) 
22,917 
21,691 

The  Group  defines  its  capital  as  equity.  As  at  31  December  2023,  net  assets  were  $162,121,000 
(31 December 2022: $200,659,000). The primary source of the Group’s liquidity has been cash generated 
from  operations.  The  Group’s  objectives  when  managing  capital  are  to  safeguard  the  Group’s  and  the 
Company's ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits 
for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. 

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to 
shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets. 

The  capital  structure  of  the  Group  consists  of  equity  attributable  to  the  equity  holders  of  the  parent, 
comprising issued share capital, share premium, reserves and retained earnings. 

There are no capital requirements imposed on the Group. 

Financial Risk Management 

The Group’s financial instruments comprise cash and cash equivalents and various items such as debtors 
and creditors that arise directly from its operations. The Group has bank accounts denominated in British 
Pounds, US Dollars, Euros and Ukrainian Hryvnia. The Group does not have any external borrowings. The 
main future risks arising from the Group’s financial instruments are currently currency risk, interest rate risk, 
liquidity risk and credit risk. 

102 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities comprise the following: 

Financial Assets 

Group 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other financial receivables 

Company 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Loans to subsidiary undertakings 

Financial Liabilities 

Group 
Lease liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Other financial liabilities 

Company 
Trade and other payables 

2023 
$000 

76,493 
 11,790    
88,283 

2023 
$000 

20,695 
39,206    
59,901 

2023 
$000 

283 
1,293 
1,248 
2,824    

2023 
$000 

2,139 
2,139 

2022 
$000 

88,652 
46,039 
134,691 

2022 
$000 

81,541 
49,974 
131,515 

2022 
$000 

487 
1,079 
20,422 
21,988 

2022 
$000 

19,923 
19,923 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost, which approximates their fair value 
as the instruments are mostly short-term. Assets and liabilities of the Group where fair value is disclosed 
are level 2 in the fair value hierarchy and valued using the current cost accounting technique. 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Group to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of 
cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable, and financial instruments that potentially subject the 
Company  to  concentrations  of  credit  risk  consist  primarily  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  loans  to 
subsidiary undertakings.    

Currency Risk 

The  functional  currencies  of  the  Group’s  entities  are  US  Dollars  and  Ukrainian  Hryvnia.  The  following 
analysis of net monetary assets and liabilities shows the Group’s currency exposures. Exposures comprise 
the monetary assets and liabilities of the Group that are not denominated in the functional currency of the 
relevant entity.  

Currency 

British Pounds 
US Dollars 
Euros 
Net monetary assets less liabilities 

2023 
$000 

182    
- 
262   
444    

2022 
$000 

223 
235 
273 
731 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Group’s exposure to currency risk at the end of the reporting period is not significant due to immaterial 
balances of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. 

The sensitivity of the exchange rate of US Dollars is presented below: 

31 December 2023 
$000 

31 December 2022 
$000 

Increase/(decrease) by 10% 

 - 

23/(23) 

The prior year comparative figures were amended to conform to the current year presentation. 

Interest Rate Risk Management 

The Group is not exposed to interest rate  risk on financial liabilities as none of the entities in the Group 
have any external borrowings. The Group does not use interest rate forward contracts and interest rate 
swap contracts as part of its strategy. 

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk on financial assets as entities in the Group hold money market 
deposits at floating interest rates. The risk is managed by fixing interest rates for a period of time when 
indications exist that interest rates may move adversely. 

The Group’s exposure to interest rates on financial assets and financial liabilities are detailed in the liquidity 
risk section below. 

Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis 

The sensitivity analysis below has been determined based on exposure to interest rates for non-derivative 
instruments at the balance sheet date. A 0.5% increase or decrease is used when reporting interest rate 
risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of a reasonably 
possible change in interest rates. 

If interest rates earned on money market deposits had been 0.5% higher / lower and all other variables 
were held constant, the Group’s: 

• 

• 

profit for the year ended 31 December 2023 would increase by $141,000 in the event of 0.5% higher 
interest rates and decrease by $141,000 in the event of 0.5% lower interest rates (profit for the year 
ended 31 December 2022 would increase by $97,000 in the event of 0.5% higher interest rates and 
decrease  by  $97,000  in  the  event  of  0.5%  lower  interest  rates).  This  is  mainly  attributable  to  the 
Group’s exposure to interest rates on its money market deposits; and 
other equity reserves would not be affected (2022: not affected) 

Interest payable on the Group’s liabilities would have an immaterial effect on the profit or loss for the year. 

Liquidity Risk 

The  Group’s  objective  throughout  the  year  has  been  to  ensure  continuity  of  funding.  Operations  have 
primarily been financed through revenue from Ukrainian operations. 

The  table  below  shows  liabilities  by  their  remaining  contractual  maturity.  The  amounts  disclosed  in  the 
maturity  table  are  the  contractual  undiscounted  cash  flows  including  future  interest.  Such  undiscounted 
cash flows differ from the amount included in the statement of financial position because the statement of 
financial position amount is based on discounted cash flows and does not include the interest that will be 
accrued in future periods. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

104 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
When the amount payable is not fixed, the amount disclosed is determined by reference to the conditions 
existing at the reporting date. Foreign currency payments are translated using the spot exchange rate at 
the end of the reporting period. The maturity analysis of financial liabilities as at 31 December 2023 is as 
follows: 

As at 31 December 
2023 

Liabilities 
Trade and other 
payables 
Lease liabilities 
Other non-current 
liabilities 
Total future 
payments, including 
future principal and 
interest payments 

On demand 
and less than 
1 month 
$000 

From 1 
to 
3 months 
$000 

From 3 to 
12 months 

$000 

From 
12 months 
to 5 years 
$000 

More 
than 5 
years 
$000 

Total 

$000 

2,311 

54 

- 

- 

110 

- 

307 

515 

- 

- 

1,064 

102 

- 

2,618 

383 

2,126 

143 

245 

2,365 

110 

822 

1,166 

526 

4,989 

The maturity analysis of financial liabilities as at 31 December 2022 is as follows: 

As at 31 December 
2022 

Liabilities 
Trade and other 
payables 
Lease liabilities 
Other non-current 
liabilities 
Total future payments, 
including future 
principal and interest 
payments 

On demand 
and less than 
1 month 
$000 

From 1 to 
3 months 

From 3 to 
12 months 

$000 

$000 

From 
12 months 
to 5 years 
$000 

More than 
5 years 

Total 

$000 

$000 

21,194 

29 

- 

21,223 

- 

60 

- 

60 

307 

284 

- 

- 

492 

106 

-  21,501 

367 

1,232 

170 

276 

591 

598 

537  23,009 

Details of the Group’s cash management policy are explained in Note 22. 

Liquidity risk for the Group is further detailed under the Principal Risks section above. 

Credit Risk 

Credit risk principally arises in respect of the Group’s cash balance. For balances held outside Ukraine, 
where $20,695,000 of the overall cash and cash equivalents is held (31 December 2022: $81,537,000), the 
Group  only  deposits  cash  surpluses  with  major  banks  of  high  quality  credit  standing  (Note 22).  As  at 
31 December  2023,  the  remaining  balance  of  $55,786,000  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  was  held  in 
Ukraine  (31  December  2022:  $7,115,000  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  was  held  in  Ukraine).  As  at  31 
December 2023, Standard & Poor’s affirmed Ukraine’s sovereign credit rating of ‘CCC’, Outlook Negative. 
There  is  no  international  credit  rating  information  available  for  the  specific  banks  in  Ukraine  where  the 
Group currently holds its cash and cash equivalents.   

The Group has taken steps to diversify its banking arrangements between a number of banks in Ukraine 
and increased the quality of cash placed with UK and European banking institutions. These measures are 
designed  to  spread  the  risks  associated  with  each  bank’s  creditworthiness.  Management  considers  the 
credit risk to be immaterial.  

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Risk Profile of Financial Assets 

The Group had the following cash and cash equivalent balances which are included in financial assets as 
at 31 December with an exposure to interest rate risk: 

Currency 

Euros 
British Pounds 
Ukrainian Hryvnia 
US Dollars 

Floating 
rate 
financial 
assets 
2023 
$000 

Fixed 
rate 
financial 
assets 
2023 
$000 

Total 
2023 
$000 

Total 
2022 
$000 

 249    
 116    
 55,787    
 20,341   
 76,493    

 249    
 116    
 -    
 20,341    
 20,706    

- 
- 

55,787    

273 
223 
6,874 
81,282 
55,787     88,652 

- 

Floating 
rate 
financial 
assets 
2022 
$000 

Fixed 
rate 
financial 
assets 
2022 
$000 

273 
223 
- 
81,282 
81,778 

- 
- 
6,874 
- 
6,874 

Cash deposits included in the above balances comprise term deposits with maturity less than 3 months of 
$21,620,000 and term deposits with maturity more than 3 months but less than a year of $nil (2022: term 
deposits  with  maturity  less  than  3  months  of  $55,409,000  and  term  deposits  with  maturity  more  than  3 
months but less than a year of $nil). 

As  at  31  December  2023,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  the  Company  of  $20,695,000  were  held  in 
US Dollars at a floating rate (2022: $81,046,000). 

Interest Rate Risk Profile of Financial Liabilities 

As at 31 December 2023 and 2022, the Group had no interest bearing financial liabilities.  

Maturity of Financial Liabilities 

The maturity profile of financial liabilities, on an undiscounted basis, is as follows: 

Group 
In one year or less 

Company 
In one year or less 

Borrowing Facilities 

2023 
$000 

2,824    
2,824 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

21,988 
21,988 

2022 
$000 

2,139    
2,139       

19,923 
19,923 

As at 31 December 2023 and 2022, the Group did not have any borrowing facilities available to it. 

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities 

The fair value of all financial instruments is not materially different from their book value. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

106 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30.  Contingencies and Commitments  

Amounts contracted in relation to the Group’s 2023 investment programme in the MEX-GOL, SV, VAS and 
SC fields in Ukraine, but not provided for in the financial statements at 31 December 2023, were $118,000 
related to Oil and Gas Exploration and Evaluation assets and $597,000 related to Oil and Gas Development 
and  Production  assets  (2022:  $156,000  related  to  Oil  and  Gas  Exploration  and  Evaluation  assets  and 
$8,607,000 related to Oil and Gas Development and Production assets).  

Since 2010, the Group has been in dispute with the Ukrainian tax authorities in respect of VAT receivables 
on  imported  leased  equipment,  with  a  disputed  liability  of  up  to  UAH8,487,000  ($302,000)  inclusive  of 
penalties and other associated costs. There is a level of ambiguity in the interpretation of the relevant tax 
legislation, and the position adopted by the Group has been challenged by the Ukrainian tax authorities, 
which  has  led  to  legal  proceedings  to  resolve  the  issue.  The  Group  had  been  successful  in  three  court 
cases in respect of this dispute in courts of different levels. On 20 September 2016, a hearing was held in 
the  Supreme  Court  of  Ukraine  of  an  appeal  of  the  Ukrainian  tax  authorities  against  the  decision  of  the 
Higher Administrative Court of Ukraine, in which the appeal of the Ukrainian tax authorities was upheld. As 
a result of this appeal decision, all decisions of the lower courts were cancelled, and the case was remitted 
to the first instance court for a new trial. On 1 December 2016 and 7 March 2017 respectively, the Group 
received  positive  decisions  in  the  first  and  second  instance  courts,  but  no  appointment  of  hearings  has 
been settled yet. No liability has been recognised in these consolidated financial statements for the year 
ended 31 December 2023 (31 December 2022: nil), as the Group has been successful in previous court 
cases in respect of this dispute in courts of different levels, the date of the next legal proceedings has not 
been set and as management believes that adequate defences exist to the claim.  

31.  Related Party Disclosures 

Key  management  personnel  of  the  Group  are  considered  to  comprise  only  the  Directors.  Details  of 
Directors’ remuneration are disclosed in Note 7.  

During the year, Group companies entered into the following transactions with related parties who are not 
members of the Group: 

Total 

2023 
$000 

19,409 
689 
1 
48 

LLC 
Smart 
Energy  
2023 
$000 

19,408 
306 
- 
10 

Sale of goods/services 
Purchase of goods/services 
Amounts owed by related parties 
Amounts owed to related parties 

Other 

Total 

2023 
$000 

2022 
$000 

LLC 
Smart 
Energy  
2022 
$000 

1  113,787   113,741  
571 
56,227 
20,576 

1,061 
56,230 
20,603 

383 
1 
38 

Other 

2022 
$000 

46 
490 
3 
27 

All related party transactions were with subsidiaries of the ultimate Parent Company, and primarily relate 
to the sale of gas (see Note 4 for more details), the rental of office facilities and a vehicle and the sale of 
equipment. The amounts outstanding were unsecured and will be settled in cash. 

As  at  the  date  of  this  report,  none  of  the  Company’s  controlling  parties  prepares  consolidated  financial 
statements available for public use.   

32.  Post Balance Sheet Events 

The  ongoing  war  in  Ukraine  means  that  the  fiscal,  economic  and  humanitarian  situation  in  Ukraine  is 
unstable and extremely challenging and the final resolution and consequences of the ongoing war are hard 
to predict, but they may have a further serious impact on the Ukrainian economy and business of the Group. 
Management continues to identify and mitigate, where possible, the impact on the Group, but the majority 
of these factors are beyond their control, including the duration and severity of war, as well as the further 
actions of various governments and diplomacy. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

107 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
33.  Auditor’s Limitation Liability Agreement 

It is proposed that an Auditor’s Limitation of Liability Agreement in respect of the financial year ended 31 
December 2023 between the Company and Zenith Audit  Ltd will  be  entered into following  shareholders 
approval  being  obtained  at  the  next  Annual  General  Meeting  of  the  Company.  The  principal  terms  and 
conditions of such Agreement are set out below:  

-   The Agreement limits the amount of any liability owed to the Company by the Auditor in respect of any 
negligence,  default,  breach  of  duty  or  breach  of  trust,  occurring  in  the  course  of  the  audit  of  the 
Company's  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2023,  for  which  the  Auditor  may 
otherwise be liable to the Company.  

-   The  Agreement  also  stipulates  the  maximum  aggregated  amount  payable  in  event  of  any  of  the 

circumstances stated above. 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Information 

Company Secretary and Registered Office 
Chris Phillips 
16 Old Queen Street 
London SW1H 9HP 
United Kingdom 

Independent Auditor 
Zenith Audit Ltd 
1st Floor 
18 Devonshire Row 
London EC2M 4RH 
United Kingdom 

Nominated Adviser 
Strand Hanson Limited 
26 Mount Row 
London W1K 3SQ 
United Kingdom 

Broker 
Zeus Capital Limited 
125 Old Broad Street 
London EC2N 1AR 
United Kingdom 

PR Adviser 
Citigate Dewe Rogerson 
8th Floor 
Holborn Gate 
26 Southampton Buildings 
London WC2A 1AN 
United Kingdom 

Solicitors 
Squire Patton Boggs (UK) LLP 
60 London Wall 
London EC2M 5TQ 
United Kingdom 

Share Registry 
Computershare Investor Services PLC 
The Pavilions 
Bridgwater Road 
Bristol BS99 6ZY 
United Kingdom 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

109 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Glossary 

AAPG 
Arkona 
bbl  
bbl/d 
Bm3 
boe 
boepd 
Bscf 
Company 
D&M 
€ 
Group  
km 
km2 
LPG 
MEX-GOL 
m3 
m³/d 
Mboe 
Mm³ 
MMbbl 
MMboe 
MMm3 
MMscf 
MMscf/d 
Mtonnes 
% 
QCA Code 
QHSE 
SC 
scf 

SPE 
SPEE 
SV 
Tscf 
$ 
UAH 
VAS 
VED 
WPC 

American Association of Petroleum Geologists 
LLC Arkona Gas-Energy 
barrel 
barrels per day 
thousands of millions of cubic metres 
barrels of oil equivalent 
barrels of oil equivalent per day 
thousands of millions of scf  
Enwell Energy plc 
DeGolyer and MacNaughton 
Euro 
Enwell Energy plc and its subsidiaries 
kilometre 
square kilometre 
liquefied petroleum gas 
Mekhediviska-Golotvshinska 
cubic metres 
cubic metres per day 
thousand barrels of oil equivalent 
thousand cubic metres 
million barrels 
million barrels of oil equivalent 
million cubic metres 
million scf 
million scf per day  
thousand tonnes 
per cent. 
Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code 2018 
quality, health, safety and environment 
Svystunivsko-Chervonolutskyi 
standard  cubic  feet  measured  at  20  degrees  Celsius  and  one 
atmosphere 
Society of Petroleum Engineers 
Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers 
Svyrydivske 
trillion scf 
United States Dollar 
Ukrainian Hryvnia 
Vasyschevskoye 
Vvdenska 
World Petroleum Council 

Enwell Energy plc - Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 

110