Quarterlytics / Euro Manganese

Euro Manganese

emn · TSX-V
Claim this profile
Ticker emn
Exchange TSX-V
Sector
Industry
Employees 11-50
← All annual reports
FY2019 Annual Report · Euro Manganese
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
TSXV: EMN   ASX: EMN       WWW.MN25.CA 

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 
ARBN 627 968 567 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE DIRECTORY 

Board of Directors 

Management 

Roman Shklanka 
Marco A. Romero 
Harvey N. McLeod 
John Webster 
Daniel Rosický 
David B. Dreisinger 
Gregory P. Martyr 
Jan Votava 

Marco A. Romero 
Pierre F. Massé 
Thomas Glück 
Fausto Taddei 

Jan Votava 

Non-Executive Chairman 
President and Chief Executive Officer 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director  
Non-Executive Director 
Managing Director, Mangan Chvaletice s.r.o. 

President and Chief Executive Officer 
VP Finance and Chief Financial Officer 
VP Development 
VP Corporate Development and Corporate 
Secretary 
Managing Director, Mangan Chvaletice s.r.o. 

Incorporation Details 

Business Corporations Act (British 
Columbia) 

Registered Office 

Head Office 

Website 
e-mail 

Share Registry 

Legal Counsel  

Suite 1700 - 666 Burrard Street, 
Vancouver, British Columbia  
V6C 2X8   Canada 

1500 - 1040 West Georgia Street, 
Vancouver, British Columbia,  
V6E 4H8   Canada 

www.mn25.ca 
info@mn25.ca 

Tel: + 1 604 681 1010 

Australia: 
Computershare Investor Services Pty 
Limited  
Level 4, 60 Carrington Street 
Sydney NSW 2000, Australia 

Canada: 
Computershare Investor Services Inc. 
510 Burrard Street, 3rd Floor 
Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 3B9 
Canada 

Australia: 
MinterEllison 
Level 40, Governor Macquarie Tower 
1 Farrer Place 
Sydney NSW 2000 
Australia  

Canada: 
Stikeman Elliott LLP 
Suite 1700 - 666 Burrard Street,  
Vancouver, British Columbia  
V6C 2X8 
Canada 

Auditors 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP  
250 Howe Street, Suite 1400, 
Vancouver, British Columbia 
V6C 3S7  Canada 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS PAGE 

I. 

LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS 

II.  CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019, 

INCLUDING: 

MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY 

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF LOSS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

III.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 

IV.  MINING TENEMENTS AND MINERAL RESOURCE STATEMENT 

V.  CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 

VI.  OTHER ASX ANNUAL REPORT INFORMATION 

1 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS 

16 December 2019 

Dear Fellow Shareholders,  

2019 was a transformative year for Euro Manganese.  Our stated, near-term goals following completion of our 
initial public offerings on the Australian Securities Exchange and the TSX Venture Exchange at the beginning of the 
fiscal year included: an update to the Mineral Resource for our 100%-owned Chvaletice Manganese Project in the 
Czech Republic; and the completion of a Preliminary Economic Assessment (“PEA”). 

Based on the results of an additional drilling program and test work conducted during 2018, we issued the updated 
mineral  resource  statement  for  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  in  mid-December  2018,  improving  the 
confidence classification of the resources to Measured and Indicated, from Indicated and Inferred. Specifically, the 
updated mineral resource estimate reported 26.5 million tonnes of Measured and 0.46 million tonnes of Indicated 
mineral  resources  grading  7.32%  and  7.85%,  respectively.  The  classification  of  our  mineral  resources  as  98.3% 
Measured is a significant achievement for any resource company. 

In late January 2019, we released the results of the PEA for the Project, incorporating the updated Mineral Resource.  
The PEA reported strong economics with an after-tax net present value ("NPV") of US$593 million at a 10% discount 
rate and a 22.6% internal rate of return (“IRR”), and a pre-tax NPV of US$782 million at a 10% discount rate and a 25.2% 
IRR.  Notable aspects of the PEA included: a 25-year project operating life producing 1.19 million tonnes of high-
purity electrolytic manganese metal (“HPEMM”) with specifications exceeding 99.9%, two-thirds of which is expected 
to be converted into high-purity manganese sulphate monohydrate (“HPMSM”) having a minimum manganese content 
of 32.34%, both specifications exceeding typical industry standards; and US$404 million in pre-production capital, 
US$24.8 million in sustaining capital, and US$31 million in working capital.  Moreover, the recycling of the 27 million 
tonne resource without any hard rock mining, crushing or milling, and the design of the project provide exceptional 
green credentials.  We intend to meet or exceed all Czech and European health, safety and environmental standards, 
resulting in a significant remediation of the Chvaletice tailings site, arresting the existing ongoing pollution related 
to historical mining activities. 

Throughout  2019,  our  technical  team  worked  on  the  design,  engineering,  planning  and  permitting  of  a 
demonstration  plant  for  the  Project,  intended  to  produce  bulk,  multi-tonne  high-purity  manganese  finished 
product samples for customer testing, evaluation and qualification. In early December 2019, we  entered into a 
fixed-price,  turnkey  contract  with  Changsha  Research  Institute  for  Mining  and  Metallurgy,  a  division  of  China 
Minmetals Corporation, for the supply and commissioning of the demonstration plant which includes performance 
guarantees.  The demonstration plant replicates the process flowsheet that was used in the PEA and will process 
Chvaletice tailings to produce up to 100 kg/day of dry crystalline HPMSM made from approximately 32 kg/day of 
ultra  HPEMM.    The  cost  of  the  demonstration  plant  is  approximately  US$2.5  million,  exclusive  of  our  site 
infrastructure and installation costs, which together with a year’s operating costs, are estimated at an additional 
US$2.5  million.  The  supply  and  delivery  of  the  demonstration  plant  remains  subject  to  financing  and  we  are 
targeting its installation and commissioning by calendar Q4 2020. 

Based on the highly encouraging results of the PEA and on strong projected market fundamentals for high-purity 
manganese  products,  particularly  in  Europe,  the  Company  advanced  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  to  the 
feasibility stage.  We appointed Tetra Tech Canada Inc. as our engineering representative for the feasibility study, 
responsible  for  overseeing  the  consultants  and  service providers, and for the preparation of the NI 43-101/JORC 
feasibility study report.  We also appointed several other key consultants, including BGRIMM Technology Group 
("BGRIMM") as the lead process plant engineer.   BGRIMM is a division of Beijing General Research Institute of 

2 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mining and Metallurgy, a leading provider of innovative technology, diversified products and process-orientated 
engineering services for the mineral and material industries worldwide and their appointment allows the Company 
to leverage on the engineering and construction expertise for similar plants that exists in China.  A number of other 
contributors to the feasibility study have been selected, principally including engineering firms based in the Czech 
Republic, which will be responsible for: environmental and tailings extraction planning and design; managing the 
preparation  of  the  Project’s  environmental  impacts  assessment  (“EIA”)  and  related  studies;  the  railway 
infrastructure design study; and to provide localization, regulatory compliance and cost estimation services. The 
feasibility  study  test  work  program,  which  includes  numerous  optimization  and  verification  tests,  began  in  the 
fourth quarter of fiscal 2019.  The completion of the Feasibility Study is expected in the second half of 2020. 

Numerous parties have expressed interest in securing long-term supply of high-purity manganese products from 
the Chvaletice Manganese Project and in testing the products of the proposed demonstration plant. These have 
included manufacturers of electric vehicle batteries, precursors and cathodes, as well as chemical, aluminum and 
steel  companies,  and  electric  vehicle  manufacturers.    We  have  signed  one  strategic  cooperation  and  technical 
agreement  with a  consumer of high-purity manganese products  for  the  testing  of  our  demonstration  plant’s 
products focused on large-scale lithium-ion battery manufacturing, including the production of high-performance 
lithium-ion batteries for several market segments, including electric vehicles. Upon successful completion of testing 
and evaluation of these products, we would expect to enter into offtake agreement negotiations with interested 
parties. 

Our  goals  for  2020  include  the  completion  of  the  aforementioned  feasibility  study  and  demonstration  plant, 
accompanied  by  the  filing of the Project  Description/Notification  in  the  second  quarter  of  calendar  2020  and 
subsequent filing of EIA documentation in the fourth quarter of calendar 2020, both with the Czech Ministry of the 
Environment. To complete these goals, we expect to announce a financing in early 2020. To that end, we believe 
that the geographical location and demonstrable environmental benefits of the Project, as well as the continued 
development of a major European electrical vehicle industry supply chain, opens a number of financing options 
that are significantly broader than those typically available to most resource extraction projects.  Additionally, we 
recently appointed Bacchus Capital Advisers as our strategic and financial adviser, to provide tactical and strategic 
advisory services.  The Bacchus Capital team have been involved in building some of the world’s most successful 
mining companies, playing key roles in many of the metals and mining industry’s most significant transactions and 
their knowledge of the battery raw materials sector will be of great assistance as we move forward.  

The Chvaletice Manganese Project is the only significant manganese deposit in Europe and stands to become its 
only primary producer of high purity manganese products, and as a result, we believe it is a strategic European 
asset.  Our aim is to establish the Project as a reliable producer of HPEMM and HPMSM to satisfy the needs of 
producers of lithium-ion battery precursor materials, as well as producers of specialty steel and aluminum alloys. 
We  are  committed  to  achieving  this  in  an  effective,  efficient  and  prudent  manner  while  adhering  to  the  best 
practices in corporate governance, application of technology, environmental excellence and social integration. 

In conclusion, we would again like to take this opportunity to thank all our stakeholders, including shareholders, 
our fellow directors, executives and employees, as well as the local communities, residents and governments, for 
their continued and valued support, guidance and assistance over the past year.  We look forward to an exciting 
2020.  

Yours faithfully,  

(Signed) “Roman Shklanka” 
Non-Executive Chairman 

(Signed) “Marco A. Romero” 
Director, President & CEO 

3 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 

Financial Statements 

Management's Report………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..5 

Independent Auditor's Report…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position……………………………………………………………………………………………….…10 

Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss……………………………………………………………………………….11 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity…………..……………………………………………………………...12 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows……………………………………………………………………………………………………………13 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Note 1 - Nature of Operations and Going Concern………….…………….………………………………………………………………….14 

Note 2 - Basis of Preparation………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………..14 

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments .…………………………………………………………………15 

Note 4 - Exploration and Evaluation Assets……………………………………………………………………………………………………….21 

Note 5 - Property and Equipment .……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………22 

Note 6 – EPCS Option and Other Assets…..……………………………………………………………………………………………………….23 

Note 7 – Deferred Consideration………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………24 

Note 8 – Equity ……………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………….25 

Note 9 – Related Party Transactions………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………..29 

Note 10 –Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments……………..……………………………………………………………..30 

Note 11 – Financial Risk Management………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………..30 

Note 12 – Segmented Information………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………….31 

Note 13 – Commitments..............……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..31 

Note 14 – Management of Capital…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….32 

Note 15 – Income Taxes……………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………..32 

4 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Responsibility for Financial Reporting 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Euro Manganese Inc. (the "Company") were prepared by 
management  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  issued  by  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board. Management acknowledges responsibility for the preparation and presentation of the 
consolidated financial statements, including responsibility for significant accounting judgments and estimates and 
the  choice  of  accounting  principles  and  methods  that  are  appropriate  to  the  Company’s  circumstances.  The 
significant accounting policies of the Company are summarized in Note 3 to these consolidated financial statements. 

Management  has  established  processes  that  are  in  place  to  provide  management  with  sufficient  knowledge  to 
support its opinion that it has exercised reasonable diligence such that (i) the consolidated financial statements do 
not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is 
necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it is made, as of the date of 
and for the periods presented by the consolidated financial statements and (ii) the consolidated financial statements 
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, the results of operations and cash flows of the Company, 
as of the date and for the period presented by the consolidated financial statements. 

The Board of Directors is responsible for reviewing and approving the consolidated financial statements together 
with other financial information of the Company and for ensuring that management fulfills its financial reporting 
responsibilities. 

Management  recognizes  its  responsibility  for  conducting  the  Company’s  affairs  in  compliance  with  established 
financial  standards,  applicable  laws  and  regulations,  and  for  maintaining  proper  standards  of  conduct  for  its 
activities. 

December 16, 2019 

(Signed) “Marco Romero”  

(Signed) “Pierre Massé” 

President and Chief Executive Officer 

Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer 

5 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report 

To the Shareholders of Euro Manganese Inc. 

Our opinion 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, 
the financial position of Euro Manganese Inc. and its subsidiary (together, the Company) as at 
September 30, 2019 and 2018, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the years then ended in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). 

What we have audited 
The Company’s consolidated financial statements comprise: 











the consolidated statements of financial position as at September 30, 2019 and 2018;

the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss for the years then ended;

the consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity for the years then ended;

the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended; and

the notes to the consolidated financial statements, which include a summary of significant
accounting policies.

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit 
of the consolidated financial statements section of our report. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. 

Independence 
We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements in Canada. We have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
PricewaterhouseCoopers Place, 250 Howe Street, Suite 1400, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 3S7 
T: +1 604 806 7000, F: +1 604 806 7806 

“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 

6 

Material uncertainty related to going concern 

We draw attention to Note 1 in the consolidated financial statements, which describes matters and 
conditions that indicate the existence of a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

Other information 

Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis and the information, other than the consolidated financial statements and our 
auditor’s report thereon, included in the Annual Report. 

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the 
other information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or 
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the 
consolidated financial statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary 
to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate 
the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process. 

7 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as 
a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s 
report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee 
that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards will always 
detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are 
considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards, we exercise 
professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 













Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements,
whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and
obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk
of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from
error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the
override of internal control.

Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an
opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control.

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting
estimates and related disclosures made by management.

Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and,
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s
report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are
inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to
the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to
cease to continue as a going concern.

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements,
including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the
underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or
business activities within the Company to express an opinion on the consolidated financial
statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit.
We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

8 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope 
and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal 
control that we identify during our audit.  

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Lana Kirk. 

(Signed) “PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP”

Chartered Professional Accountants 

Vancouver, British Columbia 
December 16, 2019 

9

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

ASSETS 

Current assets 

Cash 

Prepaid expenses 

Accounts receivable 

Non-current assets 

Exploration and evaluation assets 

Property and equipment 

Other assets 

Option 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 

Current liabilities 

Accounts payable 

Due to related parties 

Deferred consideration 

Non-current liabilities 

Deferred consideration 

Total liabilities 

EQUITY 

Share capital 

Equity reserve 

Deficit 

Total equity 

Note 

September 30, 2019 

September 30, 2018 

$ 

$ 

4,084,694  
112,864  
45,148  
4,242,706  

1,249,086  
369,952  
232,794  
815,000  
6,908,538  

581,722  
170,618  
275,838  
1,028,178  

—  
1,776,440  

10,368,002  
124,326  
162,549  
10,654,877  

1,249,086  
369,110  
—  
—  
12,273,073  

940,028  
320,639  
275,236  
1,535,903  

240,537  
1,776,440  

22,973,236  
2,182,856  

(19,275,732 ) 
5,880,360  

19,972,416  
1,482,544  

(10,958,327 ) 
10,496,633  

4 

5 

6 

6 

9 

7 

6 

8 

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 

6,908,538 

12,273,073   

Nature of operations and going concern (Note 1) 

Approved on behalf of the Board of Directors on December 16, 2019 

"Marco Romero"   
Marco Romero, Director 

"John Webster" 
John Webster, Director 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

10 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

                                   Year ended September 30, 

Project evaluation expenses 

Engineering 

Remuneration 

Share-based compensation 

Drilling, sampling and surveys 

Metallurgical 

Travel 

Legal and professional fees 

Geological 

Market studies 

Project management 

Supplies and rentals 

Other expenses 

Remuneration 

Share-based compensation 

Total remuneration 

Legal and professional fees 

Investor relations 

Product sales and marketing 

Travel 

Filing fees and compliance 

Accretion expense 

Office, general and administrative 

Insurance 

Office rent 

Conferences 

Depreciation 

Loss and comprehensive loss for the year 

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding –  
     basic and diluted 
Basic and diluted loss per common share 

2019  

$ 

1,977,576  
1,098,270  
254,004  
212,214  
380,687  
123,338  
370,366  
215,060  
208,681  
—  
107,019  
4,947,215  

1,305,466  
493,630  
1,799,096  
252,690  
274,728  
35,325  
273,394  
258,710  
60,065  
181,056  
102,991  
53,108  
55,354  
23,673  
3,370,190  
8,317,405  

2018  

$ 

1,854,448  
683,450  
216,043  
329,595  
277,209  
233,241  
459,398  
141,522  
142,961  
146,619  
105,176  
4,589,662  

816,105  
414,820  
1,230,925  
121,226  
21,660  
27,213  
122,457  
127,142  
91,396  
107,494  
39,899  
28,942  
20,403  
5,656  
1,944,413  
3,413,356  

172,002,914 

116,356,568 

$0.05 

$0.06 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

11 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Balance at September 30, 2017 

Shares and warrants issued for cash, net of expenses 

Options exercised 

Shares issued as payment of services 

Shares issued as part of broker fees 

Shares issued as repayment of deferred consideration 

Share-based compensation 

Loss and comprehensive loss for the year 

Balance at September 30, 2018 

Shares and warrants issued for cash, net of expenses 

Warrants exercised 

Shares issued as part of broker fees 

Shares issued as repayment of deferred consideration 

Share-based compensation 

Loss and comprehensive loss for the year 

Attributable to equity shareholders of the Company 

Share  

Capital 

Share  

Capital 

# 
90,411,610  
62,750,000  
50,000  
2,833,940  
2,964,050  
1,500,000  
—  
—  
70,097,990  

160,509,600  
10,000,000  
2,927,265  
200,000  
1,428,570  
—  
—  
14,555,835  

$ 
7,183,542  
11,462,746  
9,250  
370,875  
646,003  
300,000  
—  
—  
12,788,874  

19,972,416  
2,232,609   
418,211   
50,000   
300,000   
—   
—   
3,000,820  

Equity  

Reserves 

$ 
381,086  
474,345  
(3,750 ) 
—  
—  
—  
630,863  
—  
1,101,458  

1,482,544  
48,890   
(96,212)   
—   
—   
747,634   
—   
700,312  

Shareholders' 

Deficit 

Equity (Deficit) 

$ 
(4,424,252 ) 
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  

(6,534,075 ) 

(6,534,075 ) 

(10,958,327 ) 
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   

$ 
3,140,376  
11,937,091  
5,500  
370,875  
646,003  
300,000  
630,863  

(6,534,075 ) 
7,356,257  

10,496,633  
2,281,499 

321,999 

50,000 

300,000 

747,634 

(8,317,405)   

(8,317,405) 

(8,317,405 ) 

(4,616,273) 

Balance at September 30, 2019 

175,065,435  

22,973,236  

2,182,856  

(19,275,732)  

5,880,360 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

12 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 

7 

8 (a) 

6 
5 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
(unaudited) 

Operating activities 

Net loss for the period 
Less non-cash transactions: 

Share-based compensation 
Shares and warrants for services 
Depreciation 
Accretion expense 

Changes in non-cash working capital items: 

Accounts payable 
Accounts receivable 
Prepaid expenses 
Due to related parties 

Cash used in operating activities 

Financing activities 

Common shares issued for cash, net of expenses 
Exercise of warrants 
Exercise of stock options 

Cash generated from financing activities 

Investing activities 

Option and deposit for land 
Property & equipment acquisition 

Cash used in investing activities 

(Decrease) increase in Cash 

Cash - beginning of year 

Cash - end of year 

Non-cash transactions excluded from above: 
Common shares issued as payment of financing services 
Share issue costs 

Shares issued as payment of broker warrants 

Equity reserve 
Share capital 

Issue of employee warrants 

Equity Reserve 
Share Capital 

Repayment of deferred consideration commitment 

Share capital 
Deferred share payment commitment 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Year ended September 30, 
2018  
$ 

2019  
$ 

(8,317,405 ) 

(6,534,075 ) 

747,634  
—  
23,673  
60,065  
(7,486,033 ) 

(126,772)  
117,401  
11,462  
(135,833)  
(133,742)  
(7,619,775 ) 

2,085,777  
321,999  
—  
2,407,776  

(1,047,794)  
(23,515)  
(1,071,309 ) 

(6,283,308)  

10,368,002  
4,084,694  

(50,000 ) 
50,000  

48,890  
(48,890 ) 

—  
—  

300,000  
(300,000 ) 

630,863  
277,771  
5,656  
91,396  
(5,528,389 ) 

377,649  
(89,539 ) 
4,902 ) 
237,719 ) 
530,731  
(4,997,658 ) 

12,865,239  
—  
5,500  
12,870,739  

— 
(366,073) 

(366,073 ) 

7,507,008  

2,860,994  
10,368,002  

(682,426 ) 
682,426  

474,345  
(474,345 ) 

116,313  
(116,313 ) 

300,000  
(300,000 ) 

13 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
1.  Nature of Operations and Going Concern 

Euro Manganese Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated under the British Columbia Business Corporations Act on 
November  24,  2014.  The  Company  completed  an  initial  public  offering  (“IPO”)  of  its  shares  on  the  Australia 
Securities Exchange ("ASX") on September 28, 2018, and completed an IPO on the TSX Venture Exchange ("TSX- V") on 
October 2, 2018. The Company’s common shares commenced trading on the TSX-V and CHESS Depository  Interests 
("CDIs", with each CDI representing one common share) started trading on the ASX on October 2, 2018, under the 
symbols  "EMN.V"  and  "EMN.AX",  respectively.  The  Company  is  focused  on  the  evaluation  and  potential 
development of the Chvaletice deposit, which involves the re-processing of a manganese deposit hosted in historic 
mine  tailings  in  the  Czech  Republic  (the  “Chvaletice  Manganese  Project”),  for  the  production  of  high-purity 
electrolytic manganese metal (“HPEMM”) and high-purity manganese sulphate monohydrate (“HPMSM”). 

The Company’s corporate offices are located at 1040 West Georgia Street, Suite 1500, Vancouver, B.C., Canada, and 
its registered offices are located at Suite 1700, 666 Burrard Street, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  a  going  concern  basis  in  accordance  with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”),  which  contemplates  the  realization  of  assets  and  the 
satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. Several conditions discussed below and in Note 14 give 
rise to material uncertainties that may cast significant doubt on this assumption. 

As an early stage resource development company, it does not own any properties with established reserves, has no 
operating revenues and is unable to self-finance its operations. Further, there is no assurance that the evaluation and 
acquisition activities executed or planned by the Company for the Chvaletice Manganese Project will result in the 
development of a profitable commercial operation. The Company will likely operate at a loss while the Company 
is evaluating the potential of the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

At September 30, 2019, the Company’s equity totaled $5,880,360 (2018 - $10,496,633) and working capital totaled 
$3,214,528  (2018  -  $9,118,974),  including  cash  of  $4,084,694  (2018  -  $10,368,002).  The  loss  for  the  year  was 
$8,317,405 (2018 - $6,534,075) while cash used in operating activities was $7,619,775 (2018 - $4,997,658). These 
capital resources are not expected to provide sufficient working capital to fund its corporate and committed project 
development costs for at least twelve months from the date of these financial statements. 

Additional funding will be required for further evaluation and development work including the completion of feasibility 
studies, environmental studies, permitting, as well as the potential future construction of infrastructure and facilities 
for the Chvaletice Manganese Project. The ability of the Company to arrange such equity or other financing in the 
future  will  depend  principally  upon  prevailing  market  conditions  and  the  performance  of  the  Company.  Such 
additional funding may not be available when needed, if at all, or be available on terms favorable to the Company. 
Failure to obtain such additional financing could result in delay or indefinite postponement of further evaluation 
and development of the Company’s principal property and could result in material adjustments to the carrying 
values of assets. 

2.  Basis of Preparation 

2.1 Statement of compliance 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board. The accounting policies presented in Note 3 were consistently applied to all periods 
presented, except for IFRS 9 Financial instruments, which was adopted on October 1, 2018; however, the adoption did 
not have any impact on the comparative period (Note 3.8). 

These consolidated financial statements were prepared by management and approved by the Board of Directors 
of the Company (the “Board”) on December 16, 2019. 

14 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
2.  Basis of Preparation (continued) 

2.2 Basis of measurement 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the accrual basis of accounting except for cash 
flow information. In addition, these consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost 
basis. 

2.3 Basis of consolidation 

These consolidated financial statements incorporate the accounts of the Company and the entities controlled by 
the Company. The Company controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its 
involvement  with  the  entity  and  has  the  ability  to  affect  those  returns  through  its  power  over  the  entity.  The 
consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of the  Company's  subsidiaries  from  the  date  of  control 
commences until the date that control ceases. The financial statements of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Mangan 
Chvaletice s.r.o. ("Mangan"), are included in the consolidated financial statements for both periods presented. All 
significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments 

3.1 Foreign currency translation 

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars, which is the functional currency of the 
Company and its subsidiary. 

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the Company’s functional currency at the exchange rate at 
the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the 
functional currency rate of exchange prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Non-monetary items that are 
measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as at the dates 
of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using 
the exchange rates at the date when fair value is determined. All gains and losses on translation of these foreign 
currency transactions are included in profit or loss. 

3.2 Mineral exploration and evaluation costs 

Mineral  exploration  and  evaluation  costs  include  costs  to  acquire  the  rights  to  explore,  geological  studies, 
exploratory drilling and sampling, and directly attributable management costs. 

Exploration and evaluation costs that are incurred prior to the Company obtaining a material legal interest in a 
property,  are  expensed  in  the  period  incurred.  In  addition,  exploration  and  evaluation  costs,  other  than  direct 
acquisition costs, incurred prior to management identifying that the Mineral Resource of a property has economic 
potential, are expensed in the period incurred. 

Exploration  and  evaluation  costs  are  capitalized  as  mineral  interests  when  a  mineral  resource  of  a  property  is 
identified  as  having  economic  potential.  This  can  be  determined  based  on  a  completed  feasibility  study  and 
management's decision to proceed with the development of the project. A mineral resource is considered to have 
economic potential when it is expected that documented resources can be legally and economically developed 
considering long-term metal prices. 

Therefore, prior to capitalizing such costs, management determines that the following conditions have been met: 

a)  There is a probable future benefit that will contribute to future cash inflows, 
b)  The Company can obtain the benefit and control access to it, and 
c)  The transaction or event giving rise to the benefit has already occurred. 

15 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

Once the technical and commercial viability of a property has been determined, the exploration and evaluation 
assets are first tested for impairment, and then reclassified as a mineral project and carried at cost until it is placed 
into commercial production, sold, abandoned or determined by management to be impaired. 

The capitalized costs of a producing mineral project are amortized on a unit-of-production basis over the estimated 
ore reserves of the project. Costs incurred after a project is placed into production that increase production volumes 
or extend the life of the project are capitalized. 

Proceeds from the sale of properties or projects, or cash proceeds received from option payments, are recorded 
as a reduction of the cost of the related mineral interest. 

3.3 Impairment of non-financial assets 

At each financial position reporting date, the carrying amounts of the Company’s non-current non-financial assets 
are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that those assets are impaired. If any indication exists, 
the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment. The recoverable 
amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and the value in use. Fair value is determined as the amount 
that would be obtained from the sale of the asset in an arms-length transaction between knowledgeable and willing 
parties. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-
tax discount rate that reflects the prevailing market assessment of the time-value of money and the risks specific to the 
asset. Future cash flows are based on forecast estimates of production, product prices, and operating, capital, and 
reclamation costs. 

Assumptions underlying future cash flow estimates are subject to risks and uncertainties. Any differences between 
assumptions used and actual market conditions and the Company’s performance, could have a material effect on 
the Company’s financial position and results of operations. 

Impairment is normally assessed at the level of cash generating units, which are identified as the smallest identifiable 
group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets. 

If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the 
asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is recognized in the statement of comprehensive 
loss for the period. 

When an impairment loss reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised estimate of its 
recoverable amount, provided such revised estimate may not exceed the carrying amount of the asset prior to the 
recognition  of  impairment  losses  recorded  in  previous  periods.  A  reversal  of  an  impairment  loss  is  recognized 
immediately in the statement of comprehensive loss. 

3.4 Property and equipment 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. 
Cost includes expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. The carrying amount of a 
replaced  asset  is  derecognized  when  replaced.  IT  hardware  and  software,  and  equipment  and  furniture  are 
amortized on a declining balance basis at an annual rate of 30%. Land is not depreciated. 

The  Company  allocates  the  amount  initially  recognized  in  respect  of  an  item  of  property  and  equipment  to  its 
significant parts and separately depreciates each such part. Residual values, method of amortization, and useful 
lives of the assets are reviewed annually and adjusted if appropriate. Gains and losses on disposals of property and 
equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount of the asset and are included as 
part of other gains and losses in the statement of comprehensive loss. 

16 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

3.5 Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits held with financial institutions and other short-term, highly 
liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of 
cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. There were no cash equivalents at September 30, 2019, 
and 2018. 

3.6 Share and warrant based compensation 

a)  Options - Share-based payments to employees are measured at the fair value of the instruments issued and 
amortized over the vesting periods. Share-based payments to non-employees are measured at the fair value of 
goods or services received or the fair value of equity instruments issued. If it is determined the fair value of the 
goods  and  services  cannot  be  reliably  measured  and  are  recorded  at  the  date  of  the  goods  or  services  are 
received. The corresponding amount is recorded to the option reserves. 

The fair value of the options is determined using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model or when they are issued 
in settlement of compensation, measured at the fair value of the services rendered. The number of shares and 
options expected to vest is reviewed and adjusted at the end of each reporting period such that the amount 
recognized  for  services  received  as  consideration  for  the  equity  instruments  granted  shall  be  based  on  the 
number of equity instruments that eventually vest (note 8(b)). 

b)  Warrants - Warrant-issued payments to employees or as part of financing efforts are measured, at the time of 
issue, at the fair value of the services rendered, or, if the value of the services rendered is not determinable, 
using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model. 

3.7 Income taxes 

Income  tax  comprises  current  and  deferred  tax.  Income  tax  is  recognized  in  the  statement  of 
comprehensive loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case 
the income tax is also recognized directly in equity. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable or recoverable on the taxable income for the period, using tax rates enacted or 
substantially enacted at the end of the reporting period. 

In general, deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets 
and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax is determined on 
a non-discounted basis using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted at the statement of 
financial position date and are expected to apply when the deferred tax asset or liability is settled. Deferred tax 
assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that the assets will be recovered. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities where recognized are presented as non-current. 

3.8 Financial instruments 

IFRS  9  is  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2018,  and  sets  out  requirements  for 
recognizing and measuring financial assets, financial liabilities and some contracts to buy or sell non-financial items. 
This standard replaces IAS 39 Financial instruments: recognition and measurement ("IAS 39"). IFRS 9, for the most 
part,  retains  the  existing  requirements  in  IAS  39  for  the  classification  and  measurement  of  financial  liabilities. 
However, it eliminates the previous IAS 39 financial assets categories of held to maturity, loans and receivables and 
available for sale. IFRS 9 allows for exemption from restating prior periods in respect to the standard's classification 
and measurement requirements. The Company chose to apply this exemption upon initial adoption; however, the 
adoption  had  no  impact  on  the  comparative  period's  financial  statements. The  accounting  policy  for  financial 
instruments adopted on October 1, 2018, is as follows: 

17 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

The  Company’s  financial  instruments  consist  of  cash,  receivables,  due  from  related  parties,  accounts  payable, 
deferred consideration and due to related parties. Cash, receivables, and due from related parties are classified as 
loans and receivables. Accounts payable, due to related parties and deferred consideration are classified as other 
financial liabilities. 

i)  Classification 

Classification of financial instruments is determined at initial recognition. 

A  financial  asset  is  classified  as  measured  at:  amortized  cost,  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive 
income  ("FVOCI")  or  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  ("FVTPL").  The  classification  of  financial  assets  is 
generally based on the business model in which a financial asset is managed and its contractual cash flow 
characteristics. The derivatives embedded in contracts where the host is a financial asset in the scope of the 
standard  are  never  separated.  Instead,  the  hybrid  financial  instrument  as  a  whole  is  assessed  for 
classification.  The  Company's  first  option  payment  for  the  shares  of  E.P.  Chvaletice  s.r.o.  ("EPCS")  is 
classified as FVTPL (Note 6). The Company's cash and accounts receivable are classified as measured at 
amortized cost. 

A financial liability is measured at amortized cost, unless it is required to be measured at FVTPL such as 
instruments held for trading or derivatives, or the Company opted to measure the liability as FVTPL. The 
Company's accounts payable, due to related parties and deferred consideration are classified as measured at 
amortized cost. 

ii)  Measurement 

Financial assets and liabilities at FVTPL - Financial assets and liabilities at FVTPL are initially recognized at 
fair  value  and  transaction  costs  are  expensed  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  income.  Realized  and 
unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of the financial assets or liabilities held at 
FVTPL are included in the consolidated statement of loss in the period in which they arise. Where the 
Company has opted to designate a financial liability at FVTPL, any changes associated with the Company's 
own credit risk will be recognized in other comprehensive income ("OCI"). 

Financial assets at FVOCI - Investments in equity instruments at FVOCI are initially recognized at fair value 
plus transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair value, with gains and losses arising from 
changes from initial recognition recognized in OCI. 

Financial  assets  and  liabilities  at  amortized  cost  -  Financial  assets  and  liabilities  at  amortized  cost  are 
initially recognized at fair value, and subsequently carried at amortized cost less any impairment. 

iii)  Impairment of financial assets 

An expected credit loss ("ECL") model applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, contract 
assets and debt investments at FVOCI, but not to investments in equity instruments. 

The  application  of  the  simplified  approach  to  measuring  the  ECL,  which  uses  a  lifetime  expected  loss 
allowance for all trade receivables, had no impact on the carrying amounts of the Company's financial assets 
on the transition date given the accounts receivable are mostly taxes receivable and therefore outside of 
scope of IFRS 9. 

iv)  Derecognition 

Financial assets are derecognized when the investments mature or are sold, and substantially all the risks and 
rewards of ownership have been transferred. A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under 
the  liability  is  discharged,  canceled  or  expired.  Gains  and  losses  on  derecognition  are  recognized  within 
finance income and finance costs, respectively. Gains or losses on financial assets classified as FVOCI remain 
within accumulated OCI. 

18 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

v)  Fair value of financial instruments 

The fair values of quoted investments are based on current prices. If the market for a financial asset is not 
active, the Company establishes fair value by using valuation techniques. These include the use of recent 
arm’s length transactions, reference to other instruments that are substantially the same, discounted cash 
flow analysis, and option pricing models refined to reflect the financial asset’s specific circumstances. 

The accounting policy applied under IAS 39 during the year ended September 30, 2018 was as follows: 

The  Company’s  financial  instruments  consist  of  cash,  receivables,  due  from  related  parties,  accounts  payable, 
deferred consideration and due to related parties. Cash, receivables, and due from related parties are designated as 
loans and receivables. Accounts payable, due to related parties and deferred consideration are classified as other 
financial liabilities. 

All financial assets are initially recorded at fair value and designated upon inception into one of the following four 
categories: 

Fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”) - This category includes derivatives, or assets incurred mainly for the 
purpose of selling or repurchasing them in the near term. The assets are measured at fair value with gains and 
losses recognized in the consolidated statement of loss. 

Loans and receivables - These assets are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are 
not  quoted  in  an  active  market.  They  are  carried  at  cost  less  any  provision  for  impairment.  The  assets  in  this 
category are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. 

Held to maturity investments - This category includes non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable 
payments and fixed maturities that the Company intends to hold to maturity. These assets are measured at amortized 
cost using the effective interest rate method. Any changes to the carrying amount of the investment, including 
impairment losses, are recognized in statement of loss and comprehensive loss. 

Available-for-sale - Non-derivative financial assets not included in the above categories are classified as available- for-
sale. They are measured at fair value with gains and losses recognized in other comprehensive income or loss, except 
for  impairment  losses.  Interest  calculated  using  the  effective  interest  method  and  foreign  exchange  gains  and 
losses on monetary items are recognized in the consolidated statement of loss. 

Transaction  costs  associated  with  FVTPL  financial  assets  are  expensed  as  incurred,  while  transaction  costs 
associated with all other financial assets are included in the initial carrying amount of the asset. 

All financial liabilities are initially recorded at fair value and designated upon inception as FVTPL or other financial 
liabilities. 

Fair value through profit and loss - This category comprises derivatives or liabilities acquired or incurred principally 
for the purpose of selling or re-purchasing in the near term. The fair value changes are recognized in the consolidated 
statement of loss.  

Other financial liabilities - Financial liabilities classified as other financial liabilities are initially recognized at fair 
value less directly attributable transaction costs. After initial recognition, other financial liabilities are subsequently 
measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate method is a method 
of calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability and of allocating the accretion charge over the relevant 
period. The effective interest rate is the rate that discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected 
life of the financial liability. 

19 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

3.9 Related party transactions 

Parties are related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant 
influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if 
they are subject to common control. Related parties may be individuals or corporate entities. A transaction is a 
related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties. 

3.10 Loss per share 

Basic loss per share is calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the 
period. Diluted loss per share is calculated giving effect to the potential dilution that would occur if securities or 
other contracts to issue common shares were exercised or converted to common shares using the treasury stock 
method. If the Company incurs a net loss in a fiscal period, basic and diluted loss per share are the same. 

3.11 Asset Retirement Obligation 

An obligation to incur restoration, rehabilitation and environmental costs arises when environmental disturbance 
is caused by the exploration, development and ongoing production of a mineral interest by or on behalf of the 
Company.  Costs  for  restoration  of  site  damage  which  is  created  on  an  ongoing  basis  during  exploration  and 
evaluation are provided for at their net present values and charged against profits in the period such exploration 
and  evaluation  occurs.  Discount  rates  using  a  risk-free  rate  that  reflects  the  time  value  of  money  are  used  to 
calculate the net present value. The related liability is adjusted for each period for the unwinding of the discount 
rate and for changes to the current market-based discount rate, amount or timing of the underlying cash flows 
needed  to  settle  the  obligation.  As  at  September  30,  2019  and  2018,  the  Company  does  not  have  any 
decommissioning obligations. 

3.12 Recent accounting pronouncements 

The Company has not applied the following pronouncements that have been issued but are not yet effective: 

IFRS 16 - Leases ("IFRS 16") - The new standard on lease accounting was issued on January 13, 2016 and replaces 
the current guidance in IAS 17 Lease Accounting. The new standard results in substantially all lessee leases being 
recorded on the consolidated statement of financial position. IFRS 16 is effective for annual periods beginning on 
or after January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. 

The Company will adopt IFRS 16 for the annual reporting period beginning on October 1, 2019, using the modified 
retrospective approach with measurement of the right-of-use asset at an amount equal to the lease liability. The 
Company will apply the following practical expedients on initial application: 

• apply IFRS 16 only to contracts that were previously identified as leases; and 
• not recognize leases for which the underlying asset is of low value or considered to be a short-term 

lease. 

The assessment of non-cancellable operating lease commitments for office space and office equipment in Canada 
and the Czech Republic indicates that our arrangements will meet the definition of a lease under IFRS 16 and will 
result in the recognition of a right-of-use asset and a corresponding liability in respect of these leases at October 
1,  2019  in  the  amount  of  approximately  $98,000.  The  Company  does  not  expect  a  material  impact  to  the 
Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Loss  or  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Cash  Flows;  however, 
compared with the existing accounting for operating leases, the classification of expenses and cash flows will be 
impacted. 

20 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

3.13 Critical Estimates and Judgments 

The  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  management  to  make 
estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at 
the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the 
reporting  period.  The  estimates  and  the  underlying  assumptions  are  based  on  the  judgment  of management, 
including  historical  experience  and  other  factors  that  management  believes  to  be  reasonable  under  the 
circumstances. 

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. A revision to an accounting estimate is 
recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised, if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of 
the revision and future periods if the revision affects both the current and future periods. 

The following are critical judgments and estimates that management has made in the process of applying accounting 
policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements: 

a)  Management is required to assess impairment in respect of exploration and evaluation assets. The triggering 
events  are  defined  in  IFRS  6  Exploration  for  and  Evaluation  of  Mineral  Resources  ("IFRS  6").  In  making  the 
assessment, management is required to make judgments on the status of each project, future plans towards 
finding commercial reserves and whether future economic benefits are likely either from exploitation or future 
sale or whether activities have not reached a stage that permits a reasonable assessment of the existence of 
reserves. The nature of exploration and evaluation activity is such that only a small proportion of projects are 
ultimately successful, and some assets are likely to become impaired in future periods. 

Management  has  determined  that  there  were  no  triggering  events  present  as  defined  in  IFRS  6  for  the 
exploration and evaluation assets and as such, no impairment test was performed. 

b)  As part of the acquisition of Mangan on May 13, 2016, the Company discounted the $1.2 million future deferred 
share consideration at an annual rate of 15%, which represented an estimate of the Company’s borrowing rate 
at the time of the acquisition. The deferred consideration balance is accreted at an annual rate of 15% over 
the remaining repayment period and the resulting increase is recorded as an annual accretion charge in the 
statement of loss and comprehensive loss. 

c)  Significant estimation was involved in determining the fair value of shares issued by the Company prior to 
being publicly traded on October 2, 2018. Reference was made to the most recent share price negotiated with 
arms-length third parties when estimating the fair value of shares issued. 

d) 

In addition, the Company applied significant judgment in determining the fair value of the first option payment 
pursuant  to  an  option  agreement  with  EPCS  ("EPCS  Option  Agreement")  and  its  classification  as  financial 
instrument at FVTPL (Note 6). 

4.  Exploration and Evaluation Assets 

The Company was formed with the objective of evaluating, acquiring, developing and operating the Chvaletice 
Manganese  Project  as  an  HPEMM  and  HPMSM  project.  The  Company  holds  two  exploration  licenses  for  the 
Chvaletice Manganese Project (the “Licenses”), both expiring May 31, 2023. On April 17, 2018, with effect from 
April 28, 2018, the Company was issued a Preliminary Mining Permit by the Czech Ministry of Environment, referred to 
by the Ministry as the prior consent of the establishment of the Mining Lease District (the "Preliminary  Mining 
Permit"). The Preliminary Mining Permit, valid until April 30, 2023, covers the areas included in Licenses and secures 
the Company's rights for the entire deposit. The Preliminary Mining Permit forms one of the prerequisites for the 
application for the establishment of the Mining Lease District and represents one of the key steps towards final 
permitting  for  the  project.  The  establishment  of  the  Mining  Lease  District,  the  application  for  the  final  Mining 
Permit, and applications for permits relating to the construction of infrastructure required for the project, are required 
prior to mining at the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

21 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

4.  Exploration and Evaluation Assets 

The acquisition of Mangan included granting a 1.2% net smelter royalty interest and the issue, over a four-year 
period,  of  common  shares  of  the  Company  in  five  equal  tranches,  each  valued  at  $300,000  (see  Note  7).  The 
carrying value of the Company’s exploration and evaluation assets of $1,249,086 represents the fair value of the 
initial share consideration following the acquisition date of Mangan on May 13, 2016, as well as the discounted 
value of the deferred share consideration, as determined by the Company on the acquisition date. 

5.  Property and Equipment 

Cost 
October 1, 2018 

Additions 

September 30, 2019 

Accumulated depreciation 
October 1, 2018 

Additions 

September 30, 2019 

Net Book Value 
October 1, 2018 

September 30, 2019 

                      September 30, 2019 

Equipment 

Land 

Total 

$ 

$   

$ 

58,932  
23,515  
82,447  

(8,551 ) 

(23,623 ) 

(32,224 ) 

318,729    
—    
318,729    

—    
—    
—   

50,381  
50,223  

318,729   
318,729   

377,661  
23,515  
401,176  

(8,551 ) 

(23,623 ) 

(32,224 ) 

369,110  
368,952  

22 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
5.  Property and Equipment (continued) 

Cost 
October 1, 2017 

Additions 

September 30, 2018 

Accumulated depreciation 

October 1, 2017 

Additions 

September 30, 2018 

Net Book Value 

October 1, 2017 

September 30, 2018 

                      September 30, 2018 

Equipment 

Land 

Total 

$ 

11,588  
47,344  
58,932  

(2,895 ) 

(5,656 ) 

(8,551 ) 

$   

—    

318,729   (a) 
318,729    

—    
—    
—   

$ 

11,588  
366,073  
377,661  

(2,895 ) 

(5,656 ) 

(8,551 ) 

8,693  
50,381  

—   
318,729   

8,693  
369,110  

(a) In November 2017, the Company acquired land near the Chvaletice Project area. 

6.  EPCS Options and Other Assets 

EPCS Option 

On October 17, 2018, the Company, through its Czech subsidiary Mangan, made the first option payment of 14 
million Czech Korunas ($815,000) as stipulated in the EPCS Option Agreement for the purchase of a 100% interest in 
EPCS  dated  on August  13,  2018.  EPCS  is  a  Czech  operating  company  whose  principal  asset  is  a  large  parcel  of 
industrial zoned land adjacent to the Chvaletice Manganese Project, where the Company proposes to develop its 
high-purity manganese processing facility. 

Pursuant to the EPCS Option Agreement, the Company has the right to acquire a 100% interest in EPCS by making two 
additional instalments aggregating 126 million Czech Koruna (approximately $7.32 million) as follows: 

a)  an instalment of 42,000,000 Czech Koruna (approximately $2.35 million at September  30, 2019), within  60 
days of final approval of the environmental impact assessment ("EIA") for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, 
but no later than three years after signing the EPCS Option Agreement. The three-year term may be extended 
under certain circumstances by up to one year; and 

b)  a final instalment of 84,000,000 Czech Koruna (approximately $4.69 million at September 30, 2019), due upon 
receipt of all development permits for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, but no later than five years after 
signing the EPCS Option Agreement. 

The first payment made on October 17, 2018, is a derivative classified as FVTPL due to the following: 

a)  The option is for the acquisition of shares of EPCS rather than a non-monetary asset; 

b) 

It does not meet any of the scope exceptions from recognition as a derivative under IFRS 9; 

c)  Control of the Company over EPCS is not present until the third option payment is made. The remaining two 
payments are dependent on the Board's approval and are not legally enforceable by the shareholder of EPCS. 

There was no change in the fair value of the option in the period from the payment to September 30, 2019. 

23 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

6.  EPCS Options and Other Assets (continued) 

Deposits for Land 

On February 7, 2019, the Company signed an amendment to the Option Agreement (the “Amendment”), funding, 
through EPCS, the purchase of several land parcels adjacent to the land owned by EPCS, and thus increasing the 
Option Agreement value by 3,500,000 Czech Koruna ($203,220). Pursuant to the Amendment, in the event that 
EPCS  is  not  ultimately  acquired  under  the  Option  Agreement,  the  ownership  of  these  land  parcels  will  be 
transferred to Mangan at no additional cost. As at September 30, 2019, the amount was paid to EPCS. The payment and 
the related transaction costs of $17,707 were classified as a deposit for land under other non-current assets. 

On May 11, 2019, the Company signed a purchase contract with the Municipality of Trnavka for a 2.96-hectare 
parcel of land adjacent to the Project tailings, on which the Company plans to construct an infrastructure corridor, 
as well as a visual and acoustic barrier between Trnavka and the Project tailings. The total amount of 2,026,990 
Czech  Koruna  (approximately  $120,000)  will  be  paid  in  four  installments,  based  on  the  EIA  and  permitting 
milestones. The first payment, representing 10% of the total amount, 202,699 Czech Koruna ($11,867) was paid on 
May 20, 2019. 

7.  Deferred Consideration 

The deferred consideration relates to the Company’s remaining share issuance commitment in connection with the 
acquisition of its exploration and evaluation assets (note 4).  Movement in the deferred consideration during the 
year is as follows: 

Balance, beginning of the year 
Accretion during the year 

Fair value of share consideration issued during the year 

Balance, end of the year 
Less: current portion 

Year ended September 30, 

2019 

$ 
515,773  
60,065  
(300,000 ) 
275,838  
(275,838 ) 
—  

2018 

$ 
724,377  
91,396  
(300,000 ) 

515,773  
(275,236 ) 
240,537  

On  May  13,  2019,  and  May  9,  2018,  the  Company  issued  a  total  of  1,428,570  and  1,500,000  shares  at  $0.21 
and$0.20 per share, respectively, as repayments of $300,000 in deferred consideration  

At September 30, 2019, the Company has a commitment to issue common shares for a total value of $300,000 due 
on May 13, 2020. The number of shares to be issued will be based on the value of the Company’s shares at the time 
of issuance, which is defined to be the 20-trading day weighted average of the Company’s share price. Pursuant to 
an amending agreement between the Company and Mangan’s founding shareholders dated June 15, 2018,  the 
terms of the remaining obligations were modified to (i) limit the minimum deemed value of the shares to be issued 
so as not to be less than $0.05 per share; (ii) provide the Company with an option to settle the obligation in cash rather 
than shares; and (iii) require the obligation to be settled in cash in the event that the remaining share issuance results 
in a deemed value of below $0.05 per share. 

24 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
8.  Equity 

a)  Common shares 

The Company has unlimited authorized common shares with no par value. 

Issued and outstanding shares at September 30, 2019, were as follows: 

Share price 

$   

0.25  

0.11  

Number of 
common 
shares 

160,509,600  

10,000,000  

2,927,265  
12,927,265  

Balance at September 30, 2018 (a)  

 Shares issued pursuant to IPO in Canada 

    Initial public offering 

    Less: Cash expenses paid 

Exercise of broker warrants (note 8c) 

Less: non-cash expenses: 

Issue costs accrued in prior period 

Broker warrants exercised 

Broker warrants issue 

Shares issued for broker fees 

Shares issued for deferred consideration (Note 7) 

0.25  
0.21  

200,000  
1,428,570  

Share capital 

$ 
19,972,416  

2,500,000  
(414,223 )
321,996  
2,407,776  

245,722  

96,212  

(98,890 ) 

2,650,820  

50,000  
300,000  

Balance at September 30, 2019 

175,065,435 

22,973,236 

(a) 

Incudes the proceeds from the Australian IPO which was completed on September 30, 2018. 

The following is a summary of shares issued during the year ended September 30, 2019: 

i) Shares issued for cash and broker fees: 

On October 2, 2018, the Company completed its IPO on the TSX-V of 10,000,000 common shares at a price of 
$0.25 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,500,000. Fees payable to the Canadian agent  included the 
corporate finance fee; plus 6% of the aggregate gross proceeds of the Canadian IPO in excess of $1,500,000, payable 
1% or $10,000 in cash and 5% in fully paid common shares (200,000 shares valued  at  $50,000),  and  a  warrant 
entitling the Canadian agent to purchase 400,000 shares at an exercise price of $0.375 per share for a period of 
36 months from the date of issue (the “Canadian Agent’s Warrant”).   

ii) Escrowed securities 

Upon the listing of the Company’s CDIs and common shares on the ASX and TSXV, respectively, certain of its 
securities became subject to escrow. Specifically, under National Policy 46-201 Escrow for Initial Public Offerings 
(“NP 46-201”), 29,045,361 common shares and 6,400,000 options became subject to escrow. Under the TSX-V’s 
Seed Sale Resale Restrictions (“SSRR”), 778,575 common shares and 225,000 options became subject to escrow. 
Under the ASX Listing Rules, 25,522,290 common shares, 9,550,000  options  and  8,684,015  warrants  became 
subject to escrow. 

25 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
8.  Equity (continued) 

In many cases, a particular holder, or particular common share, option or warrant, will be subject to escrow under 
one or more of NP 46-201, SSRR and ASX Listing Rules. In such cases, the particular security will not be released 
from escrow until the release schedule for all regimes have been met. Accordingly, as of  the date of these 
consolidated financial statements, the following securities remain subject to escrow and are scheduled to be 
released as follows: 

October 2, 2019 
April 2, 2020 

September 28, 2020 

b)  Share options 

Common shares 
2,093,632 
1,874,466 

25,770,568 
29,738,666 

Options 
406,250 
406,250 

7,175,000 
7,798,500 

Warrants 
— 
— 

5,756,750 
5,756,750 

The Company has a rolling share-based compensation plan (the “Plan”) allowing for the reservation of a maximum 
10% of the common shares issued and outstanding at any given time for issuance under the Plan.  Under the Plan, all 
stock options are granted at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors. The term of any option granted may 
not exceed ten years and the exercise price may not be less than the market value of the Company shares or, if the 
Company’s shares are not traded on a stock exchange, the share value equal to the Company’s most recent arm’s 
length equity financing share price. 

Current outstanding options have an expiry date of ten years and vest over a period of 24 months. A continuity 
summary of the stock options granted and outstanding under the Plan for the year ended September 30, 2019 and 
2018 is presented below: 

Year ended 

September 30, 2019 

September 30, 2018 

Number of share 
options 

Weighted average 
exercise price 
($/per share) 

Number of share 
options 

Weighted average 
exercise price  
($/per share) 

Balance, beginning of the year 

Options granted during the year 

Options exercised during the year 

Options expired 

Options forfeited 

Balance, end of the year 

12,525,000  
3,275,000  
—  

(200,000 ) 

(100,000 ) 
15,500,000  

0.15  
0.27  
—  
0.25  
0.25  
0.17  

7,250,000  
5,275,000  
(50,000)  
(149,995)  
(250,005)  
12,525,000  

0.10  
0.20  
0.11  
0.09  
0.10  
0.15  

During  the  year  ended  September  30,  2019  the  Company  recorded  share-based  compensation  expense  of 
$747,634 (2018 - $630,863) of which $254,004 has been allocated to project expenses (2018 - $216,043) and 
$493,630 to administrative expenses (2018 - $414,820). 

26 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
8.  Equity (continued) 

The balance of options outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2019, is as follows: 

Options outstanding & exercisable 

Options exercisable (a) 

Exercise price 
($/Share) 

Number of share 
options 

Weighted average 
remaining 
contractual life 
(years) 

Number of share options 
outstanding 

Weighted average 
remaining 
contractual life 
(years) 

0.08 

0.10 

0.11 

0.20 

0.25 

0.28 

0.17 

1,625,000  
1,775,000  
4,100,000  
3,725,000  
1,550,000  
2,725,000  
15,500,000  

6.6 

7.4 

8.0 

8.4 

9.2 

9.4 

8.2 

1,625,000  
1,775,000  
3,866,660  
2,483,295  
849,999  
908,326  
11,508,280  

6.6 

7.4 

8.0 

8.4 

9.1 

9.4 

8.0 

(a) Certain options are subject to escrow (Note 8 a) ii)). 

The weighted-average fair value of share options granted in the year ended September 30, 2019, was estimated to 
be $0.21 per share option. 

Option pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. The expected life of the options considered 
such factors as the average length of time similar option grants in the past have remained outstanding prior to 
exercise and the vesting period of the grants. Volatility was estimated based on volatility assumptions of comparable 
companies.  Changes  in  the  subjective  input  assumptions  can  materially  affect  the  estimated  fair  value  of  the 
options. 

In the year ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company applied the fair value-based method of accounting to 
determine the value of stock options granted to employees, including directors, and non-employees on the date of 
grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: 

Risk free rate 
Expected life (years) 

Annualized volatility 

Dividend rate 

Forfeiture rate 

Option exercise price 

Grant date fair value 

Year ended September 30, 
2018 

2019 

1.74% 
9.0 

90% 

—% 

—% 

$0.27 

$0.21 

2.20% 
9.0 

67% 

  —% 

  —% 

$0.19 

$0.14 

27 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

8.  Equity (continued) 

c)  Warrants 

Outstanding, beginning of the year 

Issued 

Exercised 

Expired 

Outstanding, end of the year 

September 30, 2019 

September 30, 2018 

Number of 
warrants 

Weighted-
average 
exercise price 

5,784,015  
2,900,000  
(2,927,265 ) 
—  
5,756,750  

$   
0.20  
0.38  
0.11  
—  
0.34  

Number of 
warrants 

2,927,265  
2,856,750  
—  
—  
5,784,015  

Weighted-
average 
exercise price 
$ 

0.11 

0.30 

— 

— 

0.20 

As at September 30, 2019, the following warrants were outstanding: 

Expiry date 

February 28, 2021 

October 1, 2021 

Weighted average 
exercise price 
0.30  
0.38  
0.34  

Number of 
warrants 
2,856,750  
2,900,000  
5,756,750  

Weighted average  
remaining  
contractual life 
(years) 
0.9  
2.4  
1.7  

On October 2, 2018, in connection with the IPO in Australia and Canada, the Company issued warrants entitling 
the Australian and Canadian agents to purchase 2,500,000 and 400,000 common shares, respectively, at $0.375 per 
share.  Based  on  Black-Scholes  pricing  model  using  a  risk-free  rate  of  2.19%,  an  expected  life  of  3.0  years,  an 
annualized volatility of 90% (based on volatility assumptions of comparable companies), a dividend rate of nil, and a 
share price of $0.25, these warrants were assigned an estimated total value of $354,466. 

On  June  14,  2019  and  July  25,  2019,  Cannaccord  Genuity  Corp.  exercised  2,335,145  and  592,120  warrants, 
respectively, which were issued between June 16, 2017 and August 18, 2017, for their services as an agent in a 
private  offering,  and  purchased  in  total  2,927,265  common  shares  at  $0.11  per  share.  These  common  shares 
remain subject to escrow until September 28, 2020. 

28 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

9.  Related Party Transactions 

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiary have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in 
this note.  Details of transactions between the Company and other related parties are disclosed below.  Related 
parties include the board of directors and officers, close family members and enterprises that are controlled by 
these individuals as well as certain consultants performing similar functions. 

a)  Key management compensation 

Key management personnel include the board of directors and the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, the 
Managing  Director  of  the  Company’s  Czech  subsidiary,  Vice  President,  Corporate  Development  and  Corporate 
Secretary and the Vice President, Project Development. 

During the year ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, the Company incurred the following expenses to officers 
or directors of the Company or companies with common directors: 

Salaries and consulting fees payable to directors and officers 
Directors’ and officers' stock-based compensation 

Year ended September 30, 
2018  
$ 
1,269,954  
406,158  
1,676,112  

2019  
$ 
1,512,566  
475,038  
1,987,604  

b)  Related party transactions during the year 

A Company’s director is associated with PRK Partners s.r.o. (“PRK”), a legal firm based in the Czech Republic.  During 
the year ended September 30, 2019, PRK’s legal fees charged to the Company totaled $226,935 (2018 - $468,540). 

c)  The balances payable to related parties at the period ends were as follows: 

Salaries and consulting fees from directors and officers 

Fees provided by a legal firm associated with a director 

Outstanding payable due to officers and directors 

September 30, 

2019  

$ 
71,414  
48,329  
50,875  
170,618  

2018  

$ 
64,895  
237,246  
18,498  
320,639  

These transactions were incurred in the normal course of operations. 

10.  Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments 

Financial  instruments  measured  at  fair  value  are  classified  into  one  of  three  levels  in  the  fair  value  hierarchy 
according to the relative reliability of the inputs used to estimate the fair values. The three levels of the fair value 
hierarchy are: 

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; 
and 

Level 3: Inputs that are not based on observable market data. 

29 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

10.  Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments (continued) 

The  fair  values  of  the  Company’s  cash,  accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable  and  due  to  related  parties 
approximate carrying values, which are the amounts recorded on the consolidated statement of financial position 
due to their short-term nature. 

The first option payment pursuant to the EPCS Option Agreement (Note 6) is a derivative. It is a financial instrument 
measured at fair value through profit and loss using Level 3 inputs as there is no observable market data available. 
The option was initially recognized at fair value which equaled the initial cash payment of $815,000 as stipulated 
in the EPCS Option Agreement. No factors affecting the fair value of the EPCS Option in the time from the initial 
recognition to the period end were identified. 

11.  Financial Risk Management 

a)  Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk of potential loss to the Company if the counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its 
contractual obligations. The Company’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its liquid financial assets including 
cash. Management believes that the credit risk concentration with respect to these instruments is remote as they 
primarily consist of amounts on deposit with a major financial institution. 

At  September  30,  2019  and  2018,  the  Company’s  maximum  exposure  to  credit  risk  was  its  cash  balance 
of$4,084,694 and $10,368,002, respectively. 

b)  Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will incur difficulties meeting its financial obligations as they are due. The 
Company’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to 
meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions without incurring unacceptable losses or 
risking harm to the Company’s reputation (Note 1). At September 30, 2019, the maturity of accounts payable and 
due to related parties balances is under one year. 

c)  Market risk 

Market risk is the risk of loss that may arise from changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign exchange 
rates and price risk. 

Interest rate risk 

The Company has cash balances and no interest-bearing debt. The Company invests a portion of its cash in an 
interest-bearing account with a major Canadian bank. 

Foreign currency risk 

Currency risk is the risk that the fair values or future cash flows of the Company's financial instruments will fluctuate 
because of changes in foreign currency rates. The Company's financial instruments are exposed to currency risk 
where those instruments are denominated in currencies that are not the functional currency of the entity that holds 
them. Exchange gains and losses in these situations impact earnings. 

Price risk 

The Company is exposed to price risk with respect to commodity prices. Commodity price risk is defined as the 
potential adverse impact on earnings and economic value due to commodity price movements and volatilities. The 
Company closely monitors commodity prices of resources, individual equity movements, and the stock market to 
determine the appropriate course of action to be taken by the Company. 

30 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

12.  Segmented Information 

The Company’s operations are all conducted in one segment, the exploration and development of exploration and 
evaluation assets. The Company’s exploration and evaluation assets and property and equipment are in the Czech 
Republic. 

13.  Commitments 

The  following  is  a  maturity  profile  of  financial  liabilities  and  operating  and  capital  commitments  presenting 
undiscounted cash flows at September 30, 2019: 

Minimum office lease payments (1) 
Operating expenditure  
    commitments (2) 

Total contractual obligations 

Payments due by period: 

Total 

$ 
161,820  

503,743 
665,563  

Less than  
one year 

$ 
106,646  

503,743 
610,389  

1 - 2 years 

2 - 3 years  After 3 years 

$ 
52,208  

— 
52,208  

$ 
2,373  

— 
2,373  

$ 

593 

— 

593 

 (1) The Company has three non-cancellable operating office leases expiring within two to four years. 
(2) Operating expenditure commitments relate mostly to the exploration and evaluation work on the Chvaletice 

Project. 

Other commitments include: 

a)  The Company's obligation to issue common shares in satisfaction of the remaining deferred consideration 

relating to Mangan’s Acquisition (note 7). 

b)  The Company has entered into employment agreements with its executive officers in which the individuals 
are entitled to a combination of base salary, extended benefits, specified milestones payments, and may be 
eligible for annual performance-based bonus as determined by the Board in its sole discretion. Following 
termination without cause, executive officers are also entitled to 12-month written notice or, in one case, 
a severance equivalent of one year’s salary. Further, upon a change of control, as defined in their employment 
agreements, certain executives are entitled to lump sum payments of between eighteen and twenty-four 
months of their base salaries. Total maximum commitment upon change of control would amount to $1.9 
million. 

Following termination without cause, certain executive officers are also entitled to up to 12-month written 
notice  of  termination,  a  severance  equivalent  up  to  one-year  salary  or,  two-year  salary  if  the  officer’s 
employment is terminated or unilaterally changed within six months of a Company’s change of control. 

c) 

In connection with the acquisition of Mangan, the Chvaletice Manganese Project is subject to a 1.2% net 
smelter royalty interest. Mangan has a right of first refusal on the sale of all or a part of the royalties held 
by  Mangan’s founding shareholders and has 90 calendar days to match any bona fide and binding offer 
accepted by any of the royalty holders. 

31 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
14.  Management of Capital 

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going 
concern, to pursue suitable business opportunities and to maintain a flexible capital structure for its projects for 
the  benefit  of  its  stakeholders.  As  the  Company  is  in  the  evaluation  stage  and  has  not  achieved  commercial 
operations from its projects, its principal source of funds is from the issuance of common shares. Further information 
related to liquidity risk is disclosed in Note 1 and 11. 

In the management of capital, the Company includes the components of equity. The Company manages and adjusts 
its capital structure considering changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To 
maintain  and  adjust  the  capital  structure,  the  Company  may  attempt  to  issue  new  shares,  enter  joint  venture 
property  arrangements,  acquire  or  dispose  of  assets  or  adjust  the  amount  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and 
investments. 

To facilitate the management of its capital requirements, the Company prepares annual expenditure budgets that 
are  updated  as  necessary  depending  on  various  factors,  including  successful  capital  deployment  and  general 
industry conditions. The annual and updated budgets are approved by the Board. 

The Company’s investment policy is to invest its cash in highly liquid short-term interest-bearing investments with 
maturities or three months or less from the original date of acquisition, selected with regards to the expected timing 
of expenditures from continuing operations. 

The Company is uncertain as to whether its current capital resources will be sufficient to carry on its evaluation 
and  development  plans  and  operations  through  its  current  operating  period  and,  accordingly,  management  is 
reviewing the timing and scope of current evaluation plans and is also pursuing other financing alternatives to fund 
the Company’s operations. 

The Company is not currently subject to externally imposed capital requirements. There were no changes in the 
Company’s approach to capital management in the period. 

15.  Income Taxes 

A reconciliation of the income tax recoveries at the statutory tax rate of 27% (2018 - 26%) is as follows: 

Loss for the year 

)Expected income tax recovery 
Non-deductible expenses and other 

Effect of foreign tax rates and tax rate changes 

Effect of deductible temporary difference not recognized 

Income tax recovery 

                September 30, 

2019  
$ 

(8,317,405 ) 

(2,245,699 ) 
204,150  
603,011  
1,438,538  
—  

2018  

$     

(6,534,075 ) 

(1,764,200  
201,735  
568,908  
993,557  
—  

32 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

15.  Income Taxes (continued) 

The Company has not recognized any deferred tax assets as realization is not probable. The significant components 
of the Company’s deferred tax assets are as follows: 

Equipment 
Exploration and evaluation assets 

Tax operating losses 

Unrecognized deferred income tax assets 

Deferred income tax assets 

                                       September 30, 

2019  
$ 
18,526  
1,840,739  
8,345,200 8
10,204,465  
(10,204,465 ) 
—  

2018  
$ 
13,542  
1,139,862  
3,283,500  
4,436,904  
(4,436,904 ) 
—  

At September 30, 2019, the Company had the following estimated tax operating losses available to reduce future 
taxable income, including losses for which deferred tax assets are not recognized as listed in the table above. Losses 
expire at various dates and amounts between 2022 and 2039. 

At September 30, 2019 

Canada 
Czech Republic 

Tax operating losses 

$ 
5,430,500  
2,914,700  
8,345,200  

33 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 

1.  Introduction 

The  principal  business  and  current  focus  of  Euro  Manganese  Inc.  (the  "Company")  is  the  evaluation  and  potential 
development of the Chvaletice Manganese Project (the "Project"), which involves the re-processing of a manganese 
deposit hosted in historic mine tailings in the Czech Republic in order to produce high-purity manganese products in an 
economically, socially and environmentally-sound manner. 

The Company was incorporated under the British Columbia Business Corporations Act on November 24, 2014. The 
Company’s corporate offices are located at Suite 1500, 1040 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, B.C., Canada  and its 
registered offices are located at Suite 1700, Park Place, 666 Burrard Street, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. The Company’s 
common shares are traded on the TSX Venture Exchange ("TSX-V") and CHESS Depository Interests ("CDIs", with each 
CDI  representing  one  common  share)  are  traded  on  the Australia  Securities  Exchange  ("ASX")  under  the  symbols 
"EMN.V" and "EMN.AX", respectively. 

This management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) of the financial condition and results of operations, prepared as 
of December 16, 2019, supplements, but does not form part of the audited consolidated financial statements of the 
Company for the year ended September 30, 2019 (the “September 2019 Financial Statements”), which can be found 
along  with  other  information  of  the  Company  on  SEDAR  at  www.sedar.com.  The  Company  prepares  its  financial 
statements in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"), as issued by the International 
Accounting  Standards  Board  (the  “IASB”).  The  Company’s  significant  accounting  policies  are  set  out  in  Note  3  of 
September 2019 Financial Statements. 

Additional information relating to the Company, including the Annual Information Form for the year ended September 30, 
2019, is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, and on the Company's website www.mn25.ca. 

The  technical  information  in  this  MD&A  concerning  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  was  prepared  under  the 
supervision of Mr. Gary Nordin, a Qualified Person under the National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for 
Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101"). 

This  MD&A  contains  "forward-looking  statements"  that  are  subject  to  risk  factors  as  set  out  in  a  cautionary  note 
contained in Section 18. 

The financial information presented in this MD&A is in Canadian dollars, unless otherwise stated. 

2.  Overview 

The  Company  was  formed  with  the  objective  of  acquiring,  evaluating,  developing  and  operating  the  Chvaletice 
Manganese  Project  located  in  the  Czech  Republic,  an  anthropogenic  manganese  deposit  hosted  in  historic  mine 
tailings,  in  which  the  Company  has  a  100%  ownership  interest.  The  Company’s  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Mangan 
Chvaletice  s.r.o.  (“Mangan”)  holds  two  licences  covering  mineral  exploration  rights  for  the  Chvaletice  Manganese 
Project ("Licences"), which are both valid until May 31, 2023. In 2018, Mangan was also issued a Preliminary Mining 
Permit  by  the  Ministry  of  Environment,  referred  to  by  the  Ministry  of  Environment  as  the  prior  consent  for  the 
establishment of a Mining Lease District. The Preliminary Mining Permit, valid until April 30, 2023, represents one of 
the key steps towards final permitting for the Project, covers the areas included in the Licences, and secures Mangan’s 
exploration rights for the entire deposit. 

Based on the Preliminary Mining Permit and other documents, including the Environmental Impact Assessment ("EIA"), 
which may only commence after the Preliminary Mining Permit is issued, Mangan has until April 30, 2023, to apply for 
the establishment of the Mining Lease District covering the areas included in the Licences. The establishment of the 
Mining  Lease  District,  the  application  for  the  final  Mining  Permit,  and  applications  for  permits  relating  to  the 
construction of infrastructure and operation of a processing facility required for the Project, must be submitted and 
approved prior to any commercial extraction and processing activities at the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

34 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

At present, Mangan does not hold surface rights to the Chvaletice Manganese Project area, which includes those parcels 
of land underlying and immediately surrounding the three tailings deposits which comprise the Chvaletice Manganese 
Project. The area of interest for the Chvaletice Manganese Project overlies several privately-owned land parcels with 
surface rights. To date, Mangan has received the consent to conduct exploration activities and to access the site from 
the landowners whose surface properties underlie the tailings. The Company is currently negotiating the acquisition 
of these surface rights, leases, rights of way, or other arrangements in additional areas where it intends to develop its 
operations, site facilities and infrastructure. There is no guarantee that areas needed for these activities and facilities 
will be secured. 

Mangan has, however, signed an option agreement giving it the right to acquire 100% of a company that owns a 19.94-
hectare parcel of land intended to be the site of Mangan’s ultra-high purity processing plant (section 5 of this MD&A). 

On December 12, 2018, the Company reported an updated Mineral Resource Estimate and on January 30, 2019, the 
Company reported the results of a Preliminary Economic Assessment ("PEA") for the Chvaletice Manganese Project 
(section 5 of this MD&A). 

The  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  is  targeting  production  of  ultra-high-purity  electrolytic  manganese  metal 
("HPEMM")  with  specifications  exceeding  99.9%  Mn  and  ultra-high-purity  manganese  sulphate  monohydrate 
("HPMSM") with a minimum manganese content of 32.34%, which exceed typical industry standards. These products 
will be selenium and chromium-free, and are designed to contain very low levels of deleterious impurities. As such, the 
Company believes the Chvaletice Manganese Project stands to become an important and environmentally-sustainable 
part of the international and European lithium-ion battery supply chains. 

The main activities required for the Chvaletice Manganese Project’s full development will incorporate several phases 
in order to support the construction of a new plant, focusing principally on the rapidly emerging electric vehicle battery 
industry. The phases include: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

construction and commissioning of a demonstration plant in the second half of calendar 2020 to produce multi- 
tonne, high-purity manganese product samples for customer testing and supply-chain qualification; 

completion in the second half of 2020 of a feasibility study incorporating the design of processing facilities and 
infrastructure; 

submission  of  a  Project  notification  and description  to  the  Czech  Ministry  of  the  Environment,  the  filing  of  an 
Environmental Impact Assessment and related permit applications; and 

continued  market  development  for  the  Company's  HPEMM  and  HPMSM  products  with  the  goal  of  initiating 
product testing and qualification programs and, eventually, entering into commercial agreements with potential 
customers over the course of calendar 2020. 

3.  Financial and Project Highlights 

The following is a summary of the Company’s highlights during the year ended September 30, 2019, and to the date of 
this MD&A: 

• 

• 

Selected BGRIMM Technology Group ("BGRIMM") as the lead process plant engineer, who will be working closely 
with Tetra Tech and the Company’s other consultants to complete a feasibility study in the second half of calendar 
2020. 

Entered  into  a  fixed-price,  turnkey  contract  with  Changsha  Research  Institute  for  Mining  and  Metallurgy 
(“CRIMM”) for the supply and commissioning of a technology, equipment package for a demonstration plant, which 
includes performance guarantees, as well as commissioning services and an operator training program. 

•  On September 5, 2019, filed an application for certain investment incentives in the Czech Republic. If approved, these 
tax credits would be in addition to the normal tax depreciation on eligible Project assets acquired by Mangan and 
would be applied toward Czech corporate income taxes otherwise payable by Mangan on earnings generated by the 

35 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Project. Based on the legislation in place at the time of the application and on eligible assets of up to € 100 million 
(approx.  $148  million),  the  tax  credits  would  amount  to  approximately  €  18.75  million  (approximately  $27.75 
million). 

•  On  July  24,  2019  and  June  14,  2019,  pursuant  to  the  exercise  of  broker  warrants,  issued  a  total  of  2,927,265 

common shares at $0.11 per common share for total proceeds of $321,999. 

•  On May 13, 2019, issued a total of 1,428,570 common shares at $0.21 per common share as repayment of 

• 

$300,000 in deferred consideration related to the acquisition of the shares of Mangan. The Company’s remaining 
commitment related to the acquisition of the Mangan shares is for a final issuance of common shares  on  May  13, 
2020, valued at $300,000. 

•  On  May  8,  2019,  signed  a  strategic  agreement  with  a  consumer  of  battery  raw  materials,  which  includes  a 
framework for technical cooperation. The parties intend to collaborate so that the Company’s proposed Project 
plant can be designed and built to meet the party’s long-term requirements for environmentally-superior high 
purity manganese products. The strategic agreement also provides for potential offtake negotiations. 

•  Appointed Bilfinger Tebodin Czech Republic s.r.o. to initiate preparation of the Project’s EIA and related permit 

applications. 

•  Appointed  Tetra  Tech  Canada  Inc.  (“Tetra  Tech”)  as  the  owner’s  engineering  representative,  responsible  for 
overseeing the other consultants and service providers in connection with the Project's feasibility study, and to 
prepare the NI 43-101/Joint Ore Reserves Committee Code ("JORC Code") feasibility study report for the Project. 

•  Acquired five small parcels of land from the operator of the electrical power station adjacent to the Project, which 
fill small gaps in and around the proposed Project plant site lands owned by EP Chvaletice s.r.o. ("EPCS"),  which  the 
Company has the option to acquire. 

•  On May 11, 2019, signed a purchase contract with the Municipality of Trnavka for a 2.96-hectare parcel of land 
adjacent to the Project tailings, on which the Company plans to construct a visual and acoustic barrier between 
Trnavka  and  the  Project  tailings.  The  total  amount  of  2,026,990  Czech  Korunas  ("CZK")  (approximately 
$120,000) will be paid in four installments, conditional on the EIA and permitting milestones. The first payment, 
representing 10% of the total amount, CZK 202,699 ($11,867) was paid on May 20, 2019. 

• 

In April and May, 2019, the neighbouring municipalities of Chvaletice and Trnavka, on which the Project tailings are 
located, and which respectively lie just to the west and east of the Project, voted unanimously to approve  the 
initiation of the rezoning process of the lands underlying the Project’s tailings deposit under municipal land  use 
plans. 

•  On January 30, 2019, reported the results of the PEA for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, supporting a 25- year 
project life with strong economics of an after-tax net present value ("NPV") of US$593 million at a 10% discount 
rate and a 22.6% IRR, and a pre-tax NPV of US$782 million at a 10% real discount rate and a 25.2% IRR. 

•  On January 28, 2019, filed an updated NI 43-101 Mineral Resource Estimate for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, 
in which the 27 million tonnes of Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource categories were upgraded to Measured 
and Indicated Mineral Resource categories with an average grade of 7.33% Mn (98.3% of the resource tonnage 
were classified as Measured Mineral Resources). 

•  On October 17, 2018, made the first option payment of CZK 14 million ($815,000), through Mangan, to acquire 100% 
of the equity  of EPCS, a company that owns a large parcel of industrial zoned land  adjacent  to  the  Chvaletice 
Manganese Project, where the Company proposes to develop its high-purity manganese processing facility. 

•  Completed the Initial Public Offering ("IPO") on the TSX-V ("Canadian Offering") and raised $2,500,000 on October 
2, 2018, for the continued evaluation of the Chvaletice Manganese Project. The Company's shares and CDIs started 
trading  on  the  TSX-V  and  the  ASX,  respectively,  on  October  2,  2018,  under  the  symbols  EMN.V  and  EMN.AX, 
respectively. 

36 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

4.  Significant Transactions During the Year Ended September 30, 2019 

In addition to the events described in Section 3 of this MD&A, the Company completed the following transactions in 
the year ended September 30, 2019: 

• 

• 

Following  the  completion  of  the  Australian  IPO  on  September  28,  2018,  raising  gross  proceeds  of 
AUD$6,500,000 ($6,066,342) (the “Australian Offering”), the Company completed the Canadian IPO on October 
2,  2018,  raising  additional  gross proceeds of $2,500,000. Fees payable to the Canadian Agent included a corporate 
finance fee of $70,000, plus 6% of the aggregate gross IPO proceeds in excess of $1,500,000, payable 1% or $10,000 
in cash and 5% in fully paid common shares (200,000 common shares valued at $50,000), and warrants entitling 
agent to purchase 10% of the common shares issued in excess of 6,000,000 common shares (400,000 common shares) 
at an exercise price of $0.375 per share for a period of 36 months from the date of issue. 

The expenses related to the Canadian IPO, including the $10,000 cash fee, the $50,000 value attributed to the 
200,000 common shares and the $48,890 value attributed to the Canadian Agent's Warrants were applied against 
the gross proceeds. Upon completion of the Canadian IPO, on October 2, 2018, the Company’s CDIs and common 
shares commenced trading on the ASX and TSX-V, respectively. 

•  On February 7, 2019, the Company signed an amendment to the option agreement with EPCS, funding, through EPCS, 
the  purchase  of  several  land  parcels,  adjacent  to  the  land  owned  by  EPCS,  and  thus  increasing  the  option 
agreement  value  by  CZK  3,500,000  ($203,220).  Pursuant  to  the  amendment,  in  the  event  that  EPCS  is  not 
ultimately  acquired  under  the  option  agreement,  the  ownership  of  these  land  parcels  will  be  transferred  to 
Mangan at no additional cost. The amount was fully paid as at September 30, 2019 and was classified as a deposit 
for land under other non-current assets. 

5.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project 

The Chvaletice Manganese Project is located in the Czech Republic, within the townships of Chvaletice and 
Trnavka, in the Labe River valley. The Czech capital city of Prague is located 90 kilometres to the west. The 
Chvaletice Manganese Project site is adjacent to established infrastructure, including an 820-megawatt coal-
fired power station that supplies the Czech Republic’s national grid, a railway line, a highway and a gas line. 
The surrounding region is industrialized and skilled labor is expected to be available from local markets. 

The Chvaletice Manganese Project resource is contained in three flotation tailings piles that were emplaced 
on flat terrain immediately below the site of a flotation mill site, adjacent to the former Chvaletice open pit 
mine and mill.  The tailings were deposited from historical milling operations for the recovery of manganese 
and the extraction of pyrite used for the production of sulfuric acid. The tailings, which are in three separate 
piles in thickness ranging from 12 to 28 meters, cover a cumulative surface area of approximately one square 
kilometre. 

Mineral Resource Estimate Update 

In 2018, the Company conducted additional drilling at the Chvaletice Manganese Project. Final results of the drilling 
program were incorporated  in the  NI 43-101  technical report  entitled "Technical  Report and  Preliminary Economic 
Assessment  for  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project,  Chvaletice,  Czech  Republic"  (the  "Technical  Report"),  with  an 
effective date of January 29, 2019, as prepared by Tetra Tech, released and filed on SEDAR on March 15, 2019. The 
Technical Report was prepared by Mr. James Barr, P. Geo, Mr. Jianhui (John) Huang, Ph.D., P. Eng., Mr. Mark Horan, P. 
Eng., Mr. Hassan Ghaffari, P. Eng., and Mr. Chris Johns, P. Eng., all with Tetra Tech and all of whom are Qualified Persons 
under NI 43-101. 

A summary of the mineral resource estimate for the Chvaletice Manganese Project included in the Technical 
Report is presented in the table below: 

37 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Tailings Cell # 

Classification 

Dry In -situ Bulk 
Density (t/m3) 

Volume (m3) 

Tonnage 
(metric tonnes) 

Total Mn (%) 

Soluble Mn (%) 

#1 

#2 

#3 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

TOTAL 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

COMBINED 

M&I 

1.52 

1.47 

1.53 

1.55 

1.45 

1.45 

1.51 

1.50 

1.51 

6,577,000 

10,029,000 

160,000 

236,000 

7,990,000 

12,201,000 

123,000 

189,000 

2,942,000 

4,265,000 

27,000 

39,000 

17,509,000 

26,496,000 

309,000 

464,000 

17,818,000 

26,960,000 

7.95 

8.35 

6.79 

7.22 

7.35 

7.90 

7.32 

7.85 

7.33 

6.49 

6.67 

5.42 

5.30 

5.63 

5.89 

5.86 

6.05 

5.86 

Note (1): Numbers may not add exactly due to rounding. 
Note (2): Mineral Resources do not have demonstrated economic viability but have reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. 
Indicated  Resources  have  lower  confidence  than  Measured  Resources.  The  estimate  of  Mineral  Resources  may  be  materially  affected  by 
environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, sociopolitical, marketing, or other relevant issues.  

Option Agreement 

On August 13, 2018, the Company, through Mangan, signed an option agreement (the "EPCS Option Agreement"), giving 
Mangan the right to acquire 100% of the equity of EPCS, a small Czech steel fabrication company that owns a 19.94 
hectare parcel of land located immediately south of the highway and rail line that bound the Chvaletice tailings deposit. 
This land parcel is immediately adjacent to the Chvaletice power plant and to a 1.7 hectare parcel of land and rail siding 
that was acquired by the Company in November 2017. 

The land is zoned for industrial use and contains numerous buildings, including office, warehousing and other industrial 
structures, several of which are leased to short-term tenants. The land also contains two rail spurs and is served by gas, 
water and power. 

The Company will have the right to acquire EPCS by making payments aggregating CZK 140 million payable in three cash 
instalments, the first of which was paid on October 17, 2018, in the amount of CZK14 million ($815,000). The Company can 
complete the acquisition of EPCS by making two additional instalments aggregating CZK 126 million (approximately $7.04 
million) as follows: 

i. 

ii. 

an instalment of CZK 42,000,000 (approximately $2.35 million at September 30, 2019) ("Second 
Instalment"), within 60 days of final approval of the EIA for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, and no later 
than three years after signing the EPCS Option Agreement. The three-year term may be extended under 
certain circumstances by up to one year; and 

a final payment of CZK 84,000,000 (approximately $4.69 million at September 30, 2019) ("Final 
Payment"), due upon receipt of all development permits for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, and no 
later than five years after signing the EPCS Option Agreement. 

The  shares  of  EPCS  are  being  held  in  escrow  pending  release  of  the  Final  Payment  by  the  Company.  To secure  the 
transaction,  liens  have  been  placed  by  the  Company  on  the  property  and  shares  of  EPCS,  while  the  EPCS  Option 
Agreement is in effect. The vendor of EPCS will continue to operate its steel fabrication business until the Final Payment 
is received, will retain profits from the business and will remain responsible for any losses incurred by the business during 
the term of the EPCS Option Agreement. The Company will endeavour to retrain and transition as many of the EPCS 
employees as possible into the proposed Chvaletice Manganese Project's workforce. 

On  February  7,  2019,  the  Company  signed  an  amendment  to  the  Option Agreement  (the  “Amendment”),  funding, 
through EPCS, the purchase of several land parcels adjacent to the land owned by EPCS (section 4 of this MD&A). 

38 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

PEA Results 

On January 30, 2019, the Company completed and reported the results of the Chvaletice Manganese Project PEA for the 
production of high-purity manganese products, namely HPEMM and HPMSM. The Technical Report, with an effective 
date of January 29, 2019, as prepared by Tetra Tech, was released and filed on SEDAR on March 15, 2019. 

The highlights of the PEA are as follows: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Recycling of a 27 million tonne Measured and Indicated tailings resource (98.3% Measured) with a combined 
grade averaging 7.33% Mn, without the requirement of any hard rock mining, crushing or milling; 

25-year project operating life producing 1.19 million tonnes of HPEMM, two-thirds of which is expected to be 
converted into HPMSM; 

Saleable product includes 404,100 tonnes of HPEMM and 2.35 million tonnes of HPMSM, focusing principally 
on Europe's rapidly emerging electric vehicle battery industry; 

Flexibility to supply either HPEMM or HPMSM, to suit customer preference; 

After tax NPV of US$593 million and pre-tax NPV of US$782 million, using a 10% real discount rate, and based 
on average life-of-project HPEMM (containing 99.9% Mn) price of US$4,617/tonne and an average  HPMSM 
(containing 32% Mn) price of US$2,666/tonne (prices based on a market study prepared for the Company by 
CPM Group LLC); 

•  US$404 million in pre-production capital, US$24.8 million in sustaining capital, and US$31 million in working 
capital, with an ungeared, pre-tax 25.2% IRR with a 4.5-year payback, and a post-tax 22.6% IRR with a 4.9-year 
payback; 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Targeting production of ultra-high-purity electrolytic manganese metal with specifications exceeding 99.9% Mn 
and  ultra-high-purity  manganese  sulphate  monohydrate  with  a  minimum  manganese  content  of  32.34%, 
which exceed typical industry standards; 

Access to excellent transportation, energy and community infrastructure. Proposed process plant site to be 
located in an industrially-zoned brownfield site, where a historical process plant generated the Chvaletice tailings; 

Exceptional green project credentials with the Project design meeting or exceeding all Czech and European 
health, safety and environmental standards, resulting in a significant remediation of the Chvaletice tailings site, 
arresting the ongoing pollution related to historical mining activities; 

Sophisticated, stable and business-friendly European Union jurisdiction that is highly supportive of new and, 
especially, green investment; and 

•  Opportunities  exist  to  enhance  returns  through  process  optimization  initiatives  and  various  investment 

incentives that may be available through the Czech Republic and European Union. 

HPEMM & HPMSM Market Development 

In early May 2019, the Company signed a strategic agreement with a consumer of battery raw materials, which provides 
a framework for strategic and technical cooperation that is focused on large-scale lithium-ion batteries manufacturing, 
including  the  production  of  high-performance  lithium-ion  batteries  for  several  market  segments,  including  electric 
vehicles. 

Pursuant to the  agreement, both parties intend to collaborate and to share technical and strategic information, so that 
the Company’s proposed Chvaletice Manganese Project plant can be designed and built to meet the long-term supply 
requirements of environmentally-superior high purity manganese products of the Party and its customers. Under the 
terms of the strategic agreement, the Company intends to deliver a specified quantity of HPMSM (the “Demonstration 
Material”) to the Party’s facility in the first half of calendar 2020. The Demonstration Material will be produced at the 
Company's demonstration plant, which will provide bulk, multi-tonne finished product samples for customer testing 
and evaluation, and which will be made from the Chvaletice tailings. Upon completion of testing and qualification of the 
Demonstration Material, the parties intend to enter into negotiations with the objective of agreeing on the terms and 

39 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

conditions  of  an  offtake  agreement  with  respect  to  the  supply  and  purchase  of  high  purity  manganese  products 
produced at the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

The Company continues to hold active discussions with several other consumers of high-purity manganese products in Asia, 
Europe and North America, and expects to enter into similar agreements with such companies during the calendar 2020, for 
the  testing  and  qualification  of  the  remainder  of  the  Demonstration  Material,  followed  by  negotiations of  offtake 
agreements and long-term commercial relationships with some or all of these parties later in the year.  

The  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  is  targeting  production  of  ultra-high-purity  electrolytic  manganese  metal  with 
specifications  exceeding  99.9%  Mn  and  ultra-high-purity  manganese  sulphate  monohydrate  with  a  minimum 
manganese content of 32.34%, which exceed typical industry standards. These products will be selenium and chromium-
free   and are designed to contain very low levels of deleterious impurities. As such, the Company believes  the  Chvaletice 
Manganese  Project  stands  to  become  an  important  and  environmentally-sustainable  part  of  the  international  and 
European lithium-ion battery supply chains. 

In connection with the preparation of the PEA, the Company commissioned the independent research and consultancy 
firm  of  CPM  Group  LLC  (“CPM  Group”)  to  provide  an  HPEMM  and  HPMSM  product  market  outlook  study  for  the 
Chvaletice Manganese Project. The CPM Group prepared a comprehensive market research report  and  provided  an 
extended executive summary of the market information for high purity manganese products, including market demand 
and supply and projected HPEMM and HPMSM prices. Cairn Energy Research Advisors (“Cairn ERA”) contributed technical 
and battery industry inputs to the CPM Group report. The extended executive  summary  of  the  CPM  market  outlook 
entitled  “Market  Outlook  for  High-Purity  Electrolytic  Manganese  Metal  and  High-Purity  Manganese  Sulfate 
Monohydrate,” dated January 21, 2019 is reproduced in Section 19 of the Technical Report. 

Highlights of the CPM Group report include: 

• 

• 

• 

A  double-digit  increase  of  HPEMM  and  HPMSM  demand  is  expected,  driven  by  the  electric  vehicle  ("EV") 
Lithium-ion battery industry. 

The Chvaletice Manganese Project is poised to become a key strategic asset in the heart of Europe by targeting 
production of some of the highest purity electrolytic manganese metal and manganese sulphate monohydrate 
available in the world today. The European consumers are currently sourcing the majority of their needs from 
China, which produces over 98% of electrolytic manganese metal and over 85% of high-purity manganese 
sulfate in the world. 

Production of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries for EVs is expected to dominate the market for HPEMM and 
HPMSM over the next two decades dwarfing any other application for these products. Following Cairn ERA’s 
research into battery markets and combining it with its own research, CPM Group forecasts an 80-fold increase 
in the use of manganese in rechargeable Li-ion batteries between 2017 and 2037, as shown in the following 
figure. 

40 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

• 

Europe is expected to play an important part in this ‘electric vehicle revolution’ with nine battery and battery 
precursor factories, with no fewer than twelve electric car factories already under construction or announced 
recently. Europe is expected to become the second most important centre (after China) of the global electric 
car and battery industries. Six large battery factories that will consume manganese inputs are located between 
200 km and 400 km of Chvaletice as shown below: 

• 

• 

The CPM Group believes that the entire planned output of the Chvaletice Manganese Project can be consumed by 
the growing lithium-battery sector in Europe. Local supply chains are being built in Europe and apart from the 
convenient logistics, companies located within the European single market benefit from frictionless trading and 
additional benefits (e.g. imported manganese sulphate monohydrate is subject to a 5% EU import tariff). 

Data from the motor vehicle industry indicates that the number of EVs on the roads of the world surpassed the 
3 million mark in 2017 with 1/3rd of this number sold in 2017 alone. In 2018, China on its own produced more 
than a million EVs and is expected to double this amount by 2020. The following figure represents the annual 
forecast EV annual sales forecast to 2040 (including plug-in hybrids) with a cumulative annual growth rate 
(CAGR) of 35% from 2017 to 2027, and 10% from 2027 to 2040. 

• 

CPM Group reports that the EV production is ramping up rapidly and that accelerating market demand will 
lead to stronger sales during the next two decades, based on the forecasts from Cairn ERA and the International 
Energy Agency (IEA). 

41 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Feasibility Study and EIA 

The  Company  advanced  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  to  the  feasibility  stage,  and  appointed  Tetra  Tech as the 
owner’s  engineering  representative  for  the  feasibility  study,  responsible  for  overseeing  the  consultants  and service 
providers in connection with the feasibility study, and for the preparation of the NI 43-101/JORC feasibility study report for 
the Project. 

The preparation of the Chvaletice Manganese Project’s EIA and related permit application is underway. The Company 
appointed  Bilfinger  Tebodin  Czech  Republic  s.r.o.,  to 
filing  of  the  Project 
Description/Notification with the Czech Ministry of the Environment. The Project Description/Notification will include  a 
description of: the manganese production process and resulting environmental footprint; results of baseline and other 
studies conducted to date; health, safety and environmental management plans; impact assessment, impact mitigation 
and avoidance plans/measures; socio-economic impacts on local communities; and reclamation plans/ objectives. 

lead  the  preparation  and 

The Project Description will be available to local communities, residents, organizations and regulators, during a public 
comment  and  consultation  period.  The  Project  Description  and  the  input  and  comments  received,  as  well  as  any 
requirements for changes, will serve as the basis of further environmental studies, if required, and will form the basis for 
the 
last  stage  of  the  environmental  permitting  process.  The  Company  expects  the  filing  of  the  Project 
Description/Notification with the Czech Ministry of the Environment to be made in the second quarter of calendar 2020 
and  the  completion of the EIA documentation to be submitted to the Czech Ministry of the Environment by the fourth 
quarter of calendar 2020. 

The Company also selected BGRIMM as the lead process plant engineer, who will be working closely with Tetra Tech and 
the  Company’s  other  consultants.  Together,  these  firms  will  conduct  the  excavation  design,  process  plant  design, 
tailings/residue storage facility design, and other related studies for the project and compile the necessary  feasibility 
study inputs. Subject to the awarding of any remaining feasibility study contracts, the Company expects the feasibility 
study to be completed in the second half of calendar 2020. 

6.  Outlook 

The Company does not expect that its current capital resources will be sufficient to fully fund the feasibility study and 
the demonstration plant and any new commitments it may make with respect to additional acquisitions of land or surface 
rights. Accordingly, the Company expects it will be required to raise additional funding for its next stage of development 
(see section 9 - "Liquidity and Capital Resources”). The expected funding of the feasibility study and the demonstration 
plant is estimated at a total of $11.4 million. 

As  it  moves  through  the  feasibility  stage,  the  Company  expects  to  continue  evaluating  potential value-enhancing 
opportunities for the Chvaletice Manganese Project. These include the potential for on-site production of sulphuric acid, 
optimizing  building  sizing  and  layout,  equipment  selection,  solid-liquid  separation  methods,  alternative  magnesium 
removal methods, manganese sulphate crystallization technologies, leaching methods, waste generation minimization 
and  recycling,  as  well  as  minimizing  energy  and  water  consumption.  In  collaboration  with  one  or  more  potential 
consumers of high-purity manganese products, the Company also intends to evaluate the feasibility of building one or 
more satellite manganese metal dissolution plants to be located at customer NMC precursor plants.  This would allow 
the Company to sell manganese sulphate solution instead of granulated manganese sulphate monohydrate, eliminating 
the  energy-intensive  crystallization  step.  The  Company  also  plans  to  evaluate  the  possibility  of  selling  by-product 
magnesium sulfate for agricultural use. These opportunities and others will be evaluated within the scope of work of 
design studies of the feasibility study. 

42 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Planning is also underway to design, build and commission a demonstration plant in the Czech Republic that will provide 
bulk, multi-tonne finished product samples for customer evaluation. The plant is intended to replicate the entire process 
flowsheet proposed in the PEA and to produce the equivalent of 100kg per day of manganese sulphate monohydrate. 
Several parties have expressed interest in testing and qualifying these products in order to design precursor and cathode 
formulations in combination with available nickel, cobalt and lithium products. The demonstration plant will also enable 
process optimization and testing for the final products development. In addition, it is expected to serve as a testing and 
training  facility  for  future  operators. The  Company  entered  into  a fixed-price,  turnkey  contract  with  CRIMM  for  the 
supply  and  commissioning  of  a  technology,  equipment  package  for  the  demonstration  plant,  which  includes 
performance guarantees, as well as commissioning services and an operator training program. The supply and delivery 
of  the  demonstration  plant  remains  subject  to  financing.  The  Company  is  targeting  the  completion  of  the  plant 
construction and the delivery of the first finished product samples to potential customers in the second half of calendar 
2020. 

The Company continues to hold discussions with several other consumers of high-purity manganese products in Asia, 
Europe and North America, centered around the possibility of the Chvaletice Manganese Project's future production 
providing a competitive, high-purity, environmentally-superior and reliable long-term supply of HPEMM and/or HPMSM. 
The  Company  expects  to  enter  into  agreements  with  such  companies  over  the  course  of  2020,  and  to  enter  into 
negotiations of offtake agreements with these parties. However, given that the Chvaletice Manganese Project is still in 
the evaluation stage, and still requires financing and permits, there can be no assurance that these discussions will lead to 
offtake agreements or commercial or strategic relationships in the near term, if at all. 

7.  Annual Financial Review 

(expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share data) 

Revenue 

Exploration and evaluation expenses Chvaletice Project 

Other expenses 
Net loss for the year attributable to shareholders 

Years ended September 30, 

2019 

$ 
— 

4,947 

3,370 
8,317 

2018 

2017 

$ 

— 

4,590 

1,943 
6,533 

$ 

— 

2,398 

1,015 
3,413 

Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to shareholders (1) 

$0.05 

$0.06 

$0.07 

Cash 
Total assets (2) 
Non-current financial liabilities (2) 

As at September 30, 

2019 

$ 
4,085 
6,909 
— 

2018 

$ 

10,368 
12,273 
241 

2017 

$ 

2,861 
4,321 
450 

(1) Fully diluted weighted average common shares outstanding, used in the calculation of diluted net loss per share in each of the 
periods presented, are not reflective of the outstanding stock options and warrants at that time as their exercises would be anti-
dilutive in the net loss per share calculation. 

(2)Total assets for each year shown include $1,249,086 in mineral property interest related to the acquisition of the Chvaletice 
Manganese Project on May 13, 2016. Non-current liabilities as at September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 represents the non- current 
portions of the deferred share consideration to be issued in connection with the acquisition of the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

43 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Year ended September 30, 2019, compared to the year ended September 30, 2018 

The loss for the year ended September 30, 2019, of $8,317,405 compares to a loss of $6,534,075 for the year ended 
September 30, 2018, representing an increase of $1,783,330 or 27.3%. Basic and fully diluted loss per share decreased 
by $0.01 in the current period to $0.05 per common share. A summary of the project evaluation and other expenses, 
and an explanation of the significant variances is as follows: 

Year ended September 30, 

(expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share data) 

Exploration and evaluation expenses 

Engineering 

Remuneration 

Share-based compensation 

Drilling, sampling and surveys 

Metallurgical 

Travel 

Legal and professional fees 

Geological 

Market studies 

Project management 

Supplies and rentals 

Other expenses 

Remuneration 

Share-based compensation 

Total remuneration 

Legal and professional fees 

Investor relations 

Product sales and marketing 

Travel 

Filing fees and compliance 

Accretion expense 

Office, general and administrative 

Insurance 

Office rent 

Conferences 

Depreciation 

Total loss for the year attributable to shareholders 

Loss per share attributable to shareholders 

2019 

$ 

1,978 

1,098 

254 

212 

381 

123 

370 

215 

209 

— 

107 

2018 

$ 

1,855 

683 

216 

330 

277 

233 

459 

142 

143 

147 

105 

4,947 

4,590 

1,305 

494 

1,799 

253 

275 

35 

273 

259 

60 

181 

103 

53 

55 

24 

3,370 

8,317 

$0.05 

816 

415 

1,231 

121 

22 

27 

122 

127 

91 

108 

40 

29 

20 

6 

1,944 

6,534 

$0.06 

44 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Project  evaluation  costs  for  the  year  ended  September  30,  2019  and  2018,  were  $4,947,215  and  $4,589,662 
respectively. The main cost variances include: increases of $414,820 in remuneration and $123,128 in engineering costs, 
both related to the PEA and the feasibility study; an increase in geological costs of $73,538 due to a hydro- geological 
study of the Project; an increase in market studies of $65,720 due to completion of product pricing inputs to the PEA; and 
a  $37,961  increase  in  share-based  compensation  as  a  result  of  the  increased  project  personnel.  These  costs  were 
partially offset by a decrease of $117,381 in drilling, sampling and surveys attributable to the completion of the 2018 
drilling program; a decrease in travel of $109,903 as a greater portion of Project activities were performed in the Czech 
Republic in the current period; a decrease of $146,619 in external project management costs following the hiring of a full 
time Managing Director of Mangan; and a decrease in legal and professional fees of $89,032 which was mainly due to 
the high fees in the comparative period in relation to the EPCS Option. 

Engineering,  remuneration,  geological  and  metallurgical  costs  for  year  ended  September  30,  2019,  represent 
approximately 74% (year ended September 30, 2018 - 64%) of the total project evaluation costs for the period and are 
related to a number of activities supporting the completion of the PEA and the future development of the Project, including: 
a tailings/residue facility design study; studies related to test work, process and infrastructure design; the initiation of a 
wide range of bench and pilot scale tests and investigations to determine the optimum process to recover manganese 
to produce HPEMM  and HPMSM; scoping and pre-feasibility-level process design studies,  evaluating  plant  and  site 
infrastructure layout alternatives, developing preliminary capital and operating cost estimates, planning and carrying 
out extensive environmental studies, and conducting widespread community consultations. In the current period, the 
Company also incurred costs relating to the planning stage of the feasibility study and commenced work on the EIA and 
commissioned  studies  for  the  demonstration  plant.  In  the  comparative  period,  in  addition  to  the  aforementioned 
activities, costs also include an extensive geotechnical and hydrogeological study, initiated in January 2018, of the tailings 
and certain lands under consideration for a potential plant site. 

The $1,425,777 increase in other expenses for the year ended September 30, 2019, over the same period in 2018, is mainly 
attributable  to  total  remuneration  which  increased  by  $568,171,  of  which  $78,810  was  an  increase  in  share-based 
compensation related to options granted to directors and officers during 2019. The increase in total remuneration was 
attributable  to  the  growth  of  the  Company,  the  hiring  of  more  full-time  employees  rather  than consultants  and  to 
bonuses paid in December 2018 of $70,000. 

Other significant increases in administrative costs for the year ended September 30, 2019, over the comparative period 
included: a $253,068 increase in investor relations expenses following the listings on the TSX-V and ASX and the hiring 
of  investor  relations  consultants  in  Europe  and  Australia,  news  dissemination  costs  and  investor  conferences;  a 
$131,464  increase  in  legal  and  professional  fees  mainly  due  to  the  regulatory  filing  requirements  in  Canada  and 
Australia; a $150,937 increase in travel costs related to increased investor relations and market development activities; 
$73,562 increase in general administration expenses due to higher information technology  related  costs  and  foreign 
exchange loss and a $63,092 increase in insurance costs relating to the IPO. These costs were partially offset by lower 
filing fees by $131,568 as significant initial filing fees payable to the TSX-V and the ASX were incurred in the comparative 
period in relation to the Company’s public listing and by a decline in accretion expense as a result of the decreasing 
remaining balance of the deferred consideration. 

45 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

8.  Quarterly Financial Review 

The following table summarizes selected financial information for each of the eight most recently completed quarters, 
expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except for share amounts: 

As at the end of or for 
the period ending 

July to 
Sept'19 

April to 
June'19 

Jan to 
March'19 

Oct to 
Dec'18 

$ 

5,512 

8,390 

4,814 

902 

— 

1,127 

878 

$ 

$ 

7,093 

9,013 

10,029 

11,773 

6,416 

1,001 

— 

1,217 

909 

8,385 

957 

— 

1,544 

833 

July to 
Sept'18 

$ 

10,368 

12,273 

9,119 

1,536 

— 

1,453 

629 

April to 
June'18 

Jan to 
March'18 

Oct to 
Dec'17 

$ 

6,194 

7,928 

5,450 

891 

— 

1,049 

452 

$ 

7,648 

9,381 

6,973 

825 

— 

969 

515 

$ 

1,536 

3,302 

721 

1,005 

— 

1,119 

348 

2,005 

2,126 

2,377 

2,082 

1,501 

1,485 

1,467 

$ 

4,085 

6,909 

3,215 

1,028 

— 

1,059 

751 

1,810 

Cash 

Total assets 

Working capital (1) 

Current liabilities 

Revenue 
Project exploration 
expenses 
Other expenses 
Net loss attributable to 
shareholders 
Net loss per share, 
basic and diluted, 
attributable to 
shareholders 
(1) 

0.02 

0.01 

0.01 

0.01 

0.02 

0.01 

0.01 

0.02 

The additional non-GAAP financial measure of working capital is calculated as current assets less current liabilities. 

The variation in quarterly exploration and evaluation expenditures is mainly attributed to the following: 

Project evaluation expenses 

a.  The four quarters of fiscal 2018 and the first quarter of fiscal 2019 reflect the work performed in the preparation 
of  the  PEA,  which  was  completed  in  January  2019.  The  work  included  various  engineering,  sampling  and 
surveys, and metallurgical studies from Canadian, European and Chinese engineering consulting firms. 

b. 

In order to manage the increased level of engineering consultants and other project activities within the Czech 
Republic,  in  October  2017,  the  Company  started  hiring  local  full-time  personnel,  starting  with  a  full-time 
Managing Director of Mangan subsequently followed by the hiring of additional technical and administrative 
personnel. Around the same time, the Company also raised its presence in the country with the opening of 
offices in Prague and a Project Information Centre in the town of Chvaletice. 

c.  Beginning  January  2018,  project  related  costs  reflect  the  hiring  of  a  full-time  Vice  President,  Project 

Development, to oversee process engineering and overall project development planning. 

d.  Expenditures in the second half of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, reflect legal and professional fees 
associated with negotiating land purchase agreements and the quarter ended September 30, 2018, also reflects 
the costs of the 2018 drilling program which was initiated in July 2018. 

e.  Costs incurred from mid-2018 to March 31, 2019, include the significant metallurgical test work, geological, 
engineering and other consultant fees, market studies, process and infrastructure design studies, and extensive 
environmental studies, all in support of the PEA on the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

f. 

In the most recent two quarters, the Company commissioned studies for the demonstration plant, initiated the 
planning stage of the feasibility study, and advanced the work on the EIA. 

46 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Other expenses 

The increase in the level of quarterly administrative expenditures is mainly attributed to the combination of: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Increased remuneration beginning in January 2018, due to a higher number of full-time employees. These 
costs  also  comprise  increased  non-cash  share-based  compensation  related  to  option  grants  to  directors, 
management and employees. 

Increased investor relations and travel costs following the Company listing on the ASX and TSX-V in October 
2018, continuous financing efforts and ongoing negotiations with potential customers. 

Additional legal and professional costs resulting from the Company being a publicly listed entity from October 
2, 2018, and costs relating to on-going negotiations of land purchases. 

Increased insurance costs as a result of the public listing. 

Three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018 

Three months ended September 30,  
(expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share data) 

2019 

$ 

Exploration and evaluation expenses 
Engineering 
Remuneration 
Share-based compensation 
Drilling, sampling and surveys 
Metallurgical 
Travel 
Legal and professional fees 
Geological 
Market studies 
Project management 
Supplies and rentals 

Other expenses 
Remuneration 
Share-based compensation 
Total remuneration 
Legal and professional fees 
Investor relations 
Product sales and marketing 
Travel 
Filing fees and compliance 
Accretion expense 
Office, general and administrative 
Insurance 
Office rent 
Conferences 
Depreciation 

Total loss for the quarter 

Basic and diluted loss per common share 

2018 

$ 

382 
198 
85 
299 
167 
62 
186 
30 
(38) 
61 
21 

355 
324 
45 
2 
131 
37 
95 
19 
40 
— 
11 

1,059 

1,453 

322 
93 
415 
64 
14 
17 
43 
70 
10 
34 
25 
6 
45 
8 

751 

1,810 

$0.02 

222 
128 
350 
21 
16 
4 
46 
127 
18 
29 
8 
8 
— 
2 

629 

2,082 

$0.02 

47 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Project evaluation costs for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, were $1,058,508 and$1,451,761 
respectively. The main cost variances include: a $296,522 decrease in drilling and sampling costs as the drill programs 
were completed in late 2018; a $36,539 decrease in metallurgical costs which in the current period relate to the initial 
work on the feasibility study while in the comparative period they related to the completion  of  the  PEA;  a  $90,719 
decrease in legal and professional fees relating to significant land purchase negotiations in the comparative quarter and 
a decrease of $25,139 in travel expenses as greater portion of Project activities in the current quarter were performed in 
the Czech Republic. This was partially offset by an increase in market studies of $78,238 as various marketing studies were 
performed in the current quarter. 

Engineering, remuneration, geological and metallurgical costs for three months ended September 30, 2019, represent 
approximately 78% (three months ended September 30, 2018 - 54%) of the total project evaluation costs. In the current 
quarter, these project evaluation costs related to the advancement of the EIA, the initial work on the feasibility study and 
the planning and studies for the demonstration plant. In the comparative quarter, such project evaluation costs related 
to a number of activities supporting the completion of the PEA, including: a tailings/ residue facility design study; studies 
related to test work, process and infrastructure design; the initiation of a wide range of bench and pilot scale tests and 
investigations to determine the optimum process to recover manganese to produce HPEMM and HPMSM; scoping and 
pre-feasibility-level  process  design  studies;  evaluating  plant  and  site  infrastructure  layout  alternatives;  developing 
preliminary  capital  and  operating  cost  estimates;  planning  and  carrying  out  extensive  environmental  studies;  and 
conducting widespread community consultations. 

The $121,101 increase in administrative costs for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to the same 
period  in  2018,  is  mainly  attributable  to:  a  $99,931  increase  in  remuneration  due  to  higher  number  of  full  time 
employees and to bonuses paid in December 2018 of $70,000; a $45,058 and a $2,635 increase in conference participation 
and investor relations expenses, respectively, as a result of increased manganese market development  activities;  and  a 
$43,455 increase in legal and professional fees due to increased regulatory compliance requirements. These costs were 
partially offset by a $35,887 decrease in non-cash share-based compensation which impacted the comparative period 
due to new options granted to employees, directors and officers in August  2018; a $57,154 decrease in filing fees as 
significant fees were incurred in connection with the  initial public listings in the comparative period. 

9.  Liquidity and Capital Resources 

As at September 30, 2019, the Company held cash of approximately $4.1 million. Cash is held with reputable financial 
institutions and is invested in highly liquid short-term investments with maturities of three months or less. The funds are 
not exposed to significant liquidity risk and there are no restrictions on the ability of the Company to use these funds to 
meet its obligations. 

Cash decreased by $6.3 million during the year ended September 30, 2019, primarily due to cash used in operating activities 
of  $7.6  million  and  cash  used  in  investing  activities  of  $1.1  million,  representing  mainly  the  payment  of  the  first 
instalment on the EPCS Option Agreement. This was partially offset by the proceeds from the Canadian Offering, which 
raised $2.5 million, less cash expenses of $0.4 million, and the exercise of broker warrants which raised $0.3 million. 

As at September 30, 2019, the Company had working capital of $3.2 million, including cash of $4.1 million. The loss for 
the year was $8.3 million while cash used in operating activities was $7.6 million. Working capital at September 30, 
2018,  was  $9.1  million,  including  cash  of  $10.4  million.  The  decrease  in  working  capital  was  due  to  operating 
expenditures and the first EPCS Option payment, offset by the proceeds from the Canadian IPO and the exercise of broker 
warrants, as described above. 

The  Company’s  commitments  at  September  30,  2019,  which  include  minimum  office  lease  payments  and  project 
development  commitments  of  $0.7  million  are  shown  in  section  12  of  this  MD&A.  Having  completed  the  PEA,  the 
Company is advancing the Chvaletice Manganese Project to the feasibility study stage, which will require expenditures 
of approximately $4.9 million and is being staged based on the Company's available  cash  resources.  The  Company  also 
intends  to  build  a  demonstration  plant  to  produce  bulk  product  samples  for  customer testing and qualification. The 
supply and delivery of the demonstration plant remains subject to financing. The Company estimates that the total cost, 

48 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

including the purchase and its operation for one year, will be approximately $6.5 million. Accordingly, the Company does 
not have sufficient capital resources to fund the feasibility study, demonstration plant, ongoing corporate costs, and any 
new commitments it may make with respect to additional acquisitions of land or surface rights. The Company will be 
required to raise additional funding for these activities in fiscal 2020. 

As an early stage corporation, the Company does not own any properties with established Mineral Reserves and has no 
operating revenues and is unable to self-finance its operations. Accordingly, the main source of future funds  presently 
available to the Company is through the issuance of share capital. Additional funding will also be required for the potential 
future construction of infrastructure and facilities for the Project. The ability of the Company to arrange such equity 
financings will depend principally upon prevailing market conditions and the business performance of the Company. 
The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is substantially dependent on its ability to raise funds through the 
issuance of shares. Such funding may not be available when needed, if at all, or be available on terms favorable to the 
Company  and  its  shareholders.  Failure  to  obtain  such  additional  financing  could  result  in  a  delay,  indefinite 
postponement or curtailment of further evaluation and development of the Company’s principal property and could 
result in material adjustments to the carrying values of assets. 

Use of Proceeds 

In the Company's prospectus dated September 21, 2018 for initial public offering on the TSX-V, the Company provided a 
listing of the expected use of proceeds in connection with the Canadian and Australian Offerings. The expected use of proceeds 
was pared as of August 31, 2018.  Accordingly, the following provides a comparison of the expected use of proceeds to the 
actual use of proceeds for the 13-month period ending September 30, 2019: 

Use of proceeds to September 30, 2019 

Proposed use of 
proceeds for 18 
months per 
prospectus 
$ 

Proposed use of 
proceeds 
amounts for 13 
months to Sept. 
30, 2019 
$ 

Actual use of 
proceeds 
amounts for 13 
months to Sept. 
30, 2019 
$ 

Difference 
(saving) / 
overspent for 
13 month 
period 
$ 

Geology and Mineral Resources program (1) 

889,000 

889,000 

204,000 

(685,000) 

Metallurgical testing and process engineering work 
program and other engineering studies related to the 
PEA 
Environmental studies 
First option payment related to purchase of EP 
Chvaletice s.r.o. 

Cost of technical staff in the Czech Republic and 
Vancouver for 18 months 

874,000 

303,000 

874,000 

303,000 

1,032,000 

316,000 

158,000 

13,000 

831,000 

831,000 

815,000 

(16,000)  

2,427,000 

1,753,000 

1,953,000 

200,000 

Cost of the Canadian and Australian IPO 
General and administrative expenses 

Total 

805,000 
2,837,000 

8,966,000 

805,000 
2,112,000 

7,567,000 

1,007,000 
3,066,000 

8,393,000 

202,000 
954,000 

826,000 

 (1) 

The Company completed the geology and mineral resource program, but at a lesser cost that originally forecast. 

49 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

The analysis of the general and administrative costs is as follows: 

Use of proceeds to September 30, 2019 

Professional fees (legal and audit) 

Salaries and consultants 

Investor relations and manganese metal market 
development, product sales and 
marketing 

Insurance 

Travel 

Office, administrative and other (1) 

Total 

Proposed use 
of proceeds 
for 18 months 
per 
prospectus 
$ 

306,000 

1,685,000 

340,000 

150,000 

104,000 

252,000 

Proposed use of 
proceeds 
amounts for 13 
months to Sept. 
30, 2019 

Actual use of 
proceeds 
amounts for 13 
months to Sept. 
30, 2019 

Difference 
(saving) / 
overspent for 
13 month 
period 

$ 

221,000 

1,217,000 

258,000 

150,000 

75,000 

191,000 

$ 

294,000 

1,409,000 

278,000 

108,000 

296,000 

681,000 

$ 

73,000 

192,000 

20,000 

(42,000) 

221,000 

490,000 

954,000 

2,837,000 

2,112,000 

3,066,000 

(1) 

Variance mainly due to higher filing and compliance fees than originally estimated. 

Differences noted in the table above are not expected to have material impact on the Company's ability to achieve its 
business objectives as disclosed in the Company's prospectus dated September 21, 2018. 

10. Off Balance Sheet Arrangements 

As at September 30, 2019, there are no off-balance sheet arrangements which could have a material impact on current 
or future results of operations or the financial condition of the Company. 

11. Related Party Transactions 

For  the  year  ended  September  30,  2019,  amounts  paid  to  related  parties  were  incurred  in  the  normal  course  of 
operations and measured at the exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by 
the transacting parties. 

At  September  30,  2019,  key  management  personnel  include  those  persons  having  authority  and  responsibility  for 
planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Company as a whole, and consisted of the Company’s directors 
and officers, including its non-executive Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Managing Director of Mangan, 
Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Corporate Development and Corporate Secretary. 

Salaries and consulting fees payable to officers and directors 

Directors’ and officers' stock-based compensation 
Total remuneration 

  Twelve months ended September 30, 
2018 
$ 
1,269,954 

2019 
$ 
1,512,566 

475,038 
1,987,604 

406,158 
1,676,112 

Fees provided by a legal firm associated with a director of the Company 

226,935 

468,540 

50 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Fees provided by PRK Partners s.r.o. (“PRK”), a legal firm associated with Daniel Rosický, a director of the Company,  for the 
year ended September 30, 2019 amounted to $226,935 (2018 - $468,540). The current year fees relate to general legal 
services  and  various  land  purchase  negotiations  whereas  the  prior  year  fees  primarily  related  to  the  extensive 
negotiations relating to the EPCS Option Agreement. 

As  at  September  30,  2019,  amounts  owing  to  directors  and  officers  of  the  Company  for  salaries  and  directors  fees 
amounted to $71,414 (2018 - $64,895) and included $32,377 owing to the Managing Director of Mangan and$39,037 
owing in directors’ fees. As at September 30, 2019, fees owing to PRK amounted to $48,329 (2018-$237,246). Other 
amounts payable to officers and directors for the reimbursement of travel related expenses were $50,875 for the year 
ended September 30, 2019 (2018 - $18,498). 

12. Contractual Commitments 

Pursuant to the Mangan Acquisition Agreement, dated May 13, 2016, the Company committed to five issuances of 
common shares, each valued at $300,000. At September 30, 2019, the Company has a commitment to issue common 
shares for a total value of $300,000 due on May 13, 2020. The number of shares to be issued will be based on the value 
of the Company’s shares at the time of issuance, which is defined to be the 20-trading day weighted average of the 
Company’s  share  price.  Pursuant  to  an  amending  agreement  between  the  Company  and  Mangan’s  founding 
shareholders dated June 15, 2018, the terms of the remaining obligations were  modified to (i)  limit  the  minimum 
deemed value of the shares to be issued so as not to be less than $0.05 per share; (ii) provide the Company with an 
option to settle the obligation in cash rather than shares; and (iii) require the obligation to be settled in cash in the event 
that the remaining share issuance results in a deemed value of below $0.05 per share. 

In connection with the acquisition of Mangan, the Chvaletice Manganese Project is subject to a 1.2% net smelter royalty 
interest.  Mangan  has  a  right  of  first  refusal  on  the  sale  of  all  or  a  part  of  the  royalties  held  by  Mangan’s  founding 
shareholders and has 90 calendar days to match any bona fide and binding offer accepted by any of the royalty holders. 

The Company has entered into employment agreements with its executive officers in which the individuals are entitled 
to  a  combination  of  base  salary;  extended  benefits;  specified  milestones  payments;  and  may  be  eligible  for  annual 
performance-based  bonus  as  determined  by  the  Board  in  its  sole  discretion.  Following  termination  without cause, 
executive officers are also entitled to 12-month written notice or, in one case, a severance equivalent of one year’s salary. 
Further, upon a change of control, as defined in their employment agreements, certain executives are entitled to lump 
sum payments of between eighteen and twenty-four months of their base salaries. 

Contractual committed undiscounted cash flow requirements as at September 30, 2019, are as follows: 

Minimum office lease payments (1) 
Operating expenditure commitments (2) 
Total contractual obligations 

Payments due by period 

Total 
$ 
161,820 
503,743 
665,563 

Less than  
one year 
$ 
106,646 
503,743 
610,389 

1 – 2 years 
$ 
52,208 
— 
52,208 

2 – 3 years 
$ 
2,373 
— 
2,373 

After 3 years 
$ 
593 
— 
593 

(1) 

The Company has three non-cancellable operating office leases expiring within 2 to 4 years. 

(2) 

Operating expenditure commitments relate to the evaluation work on the Chvaletice Project, mainly the feasibility study. 

51 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

13. Outstanding Share Data 

The Company’s authorized share capital consists of an unlimited number of common shares without par value. The 
following common shares, stock options and share purchase warrants were outstanding at December 16, 2019: 

Issued and outstanding common shares 
Share options 
Warrants 

Number of securities 
175,065,435 
15,500,000 
5,756,750 

Certain number of common shares and share options and all of the share purchase warrants are subject to escrow.  For 
detail on the number of escrowed securities and the timing of their release refer to note 8(ii) of the Company's September 
2019 Financial Statements. 

14. Proposed Transactions 

As at September 30, 2019, there is no proposed asset or business acquisition or disposition being considered that would 
affect the financial condition, financial performance or cash flows of the Company. 

15. Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments 

Basis of preparation and accounting policies 

Our  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRS  as  issued  by  the  IASB.  Detailed 
description of the Company's significant accounting policies can be found in note 3, of the Company's September 2019 
Financial Statements. The impact of future accounting changes is disclosed in Note 3.12. to our September 2019 Financial 
Statements. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgments 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates 
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the 
consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. 
Areas of judgment and key sources of estimation uncertainty that have the most significant effect are disclosed in note 
3.13. of our September 2019 Financial Statements. 

16. Financial Instruments and Financial Risk Management 

A  description  of  the  Company's  financial  instruments  and  financial  risks  that  the  Company  is  exposed  to  and 
management of these risks can be found in notes 10 and 11, respectively, of the Company's September 2019 Financial 
Statements. 

17. Internal Controls over Financial Reporting and Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

The Company’s management, under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) 
are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and 
procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information relating to the Company, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the CEO and CFO during the reporting period. The Company’s CEO and CFO 
believe  that  the  Company’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  are  effective  in  providing  reasonable  assurance  that 
information required to be disclosed under applicable securities regulations  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and 
reported within the time periods specified in the securities legislation. 

Management, including the CEO and CFO, has evaluated the design and operating effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure 
controls and procedures as of September 30, 2019. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s 
disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in NI 52-109 - Certification of Disclosure in Issuer’s Annual and Interim 
Filings, are effective to achieve the purpose for which they have been designed. 

52 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide 
reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for 
external  purposes  in  accordance  with  IFRS.  The  Company  uses  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the 
Treadway Commission ("COSO") internal control framework to design internal controls over financial reporting. 

Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (1) pertain to the maintenance  of 
records  that  in  reasonable  detail  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  disposition  of  assets,  (2)  provide 
reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in 
accordance  with  IFRS,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of 
management  and  directors  of  the  Company,  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely 
detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use  or  disposition  of  assets  that  could  have  a material  effect  on  the  financial 
statements. 

Because of their inherent limitations, internal controls over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance 
and may not prevent or detect misstatements. The design, maintenance and testing of any system of controls is based in 
part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and any control system may not succeed in achieving 
its stated goals under all potential future conditions. 

Management, under the supervision and with the participation of our CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness  of  the 
design and operating effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2019. 
Based its evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting, as defined in 
NI 52-109 - Certification of Disclosure in Issuer’s Annual and Interim Filings, are effective to achieve the purpose for which 
they have been designed. 

18. Forward-Looking Statements and Risks Notice 

Except for statements of historical fact relating to the Company, certain information contained in this MD&A constitutes 
forward-looking statements or forward-looking information. Forward-looking statements or information typically include 
words and phrases about the future, such as: “seek”, “anticipate”, “plan”, “continue”, “estimate”, “expect”, “may”, “will”, 
“project”,  “predict”,  “potential”,  “targeting”,  “intend”,  “could”,  “might”,  “should”,  “believe”,  “will  likely  result”,  “are 
expected to”, “will continue”, “is anticipated”, “believes”, “estimated”, “intends”, “plans”, “projection”, “outlook” and 
similar expressions. These statements involve known and unknown risks, assumptions, uncertainties and other factors that 
may  cause  actual  results  or  events  to  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in such forward-looking statements. The 
Company believes there is a reasonable basis for the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements, however no 
assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct and the forward-looking statements included 
herein should not be unduly relied upon. 

All of the results of the PEA constitute forward-looking information or statements, including estimates of internal rates 
of return, payback periods, net present values, future production, estimates of cash cost, assumed long term prices  for 
HPEMM  and  HPMSM,  proposed  extraction  plans  and  methods,  operating  life  estimates,  cash  flow  forecasts,  metal 
recoveries  and  estimates  of  capital  and  operating  costs.  Furthermore,  with  respect  to  this  specific  forward-looking 
information concerning the development of the Project, the Company has based its assumptions and analysis on certain 
factors that are inherently uncertain. Uncertainties include among others: (i) the adequacy of infrastructure; (ii) the ability 
to develop adequate processing capacity; (iii) the price of HPEMM and HPMSM; 

(iv) the availability of equipment and facilities necessary to complete development; (v) the size of future processing plants 
and future tailings extraction rates; (vi) the cost of consumables and extraction and processing equipment; 

(vii) unforeseen technological and engineering problems; (viii) currency fluctuations; (ix) changes in laws or regulations; 
(x)  the  availability  and  productivity  of  skilled  labour;  and  (xi)  the  regulation  of  the  mining  industry  by  various 
governmental agencies. 

Such forward-looking information or statements also include, without limitation, statements regarding the Company’s 
intentions  regarding  the  Project  in  the  Czech  Republic,  including  without  limitation,  the  continued  evaluation  and 
development of the Project, the completion of a feasibility study, the building of the demonstration plant in the Czech 

53 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2019 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

Republic, the Company's ability to secure additional financing for the ongoing development of the Project, its ability to 
acquire the remaining land or surface rights needed for the Project, the filing of an EIA, related permit applications and a 
formal project description with the Czech regulatory agencies and local  communities, the growth and development of 
the high purity manganese products market and any other matters relating to the evaluation, planning and development 
of the Project. The Company also cautions readers that the PEA on the Project that supports the technical feasibility or 
economic viability of the Project, including the marketability of the high-purity manganese products, extraction method, 
costs, processing, metal recoveries and any other technical aspects related to the Project, is preliminary in nature and 
there is no certainty that the PEA will be realized. 

This MD&A also contains references to estimates of Mineral Resources. The estimation of Mineral Resources is inherently 
uncertain  and  involves  subjective  judgments  about  many  relevant  factors.  Mineral  Resources  that  are  not  Mineral 
Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. The accuracy of any such estimates is a function of the quantity 
and  quality  of  available  data,  and  of  the  assumptions  made  and  judgments  used  in  engineering  and  geological 
interpretation, which may prove to be unreliable and depend, to a certain extent, upon the analysis of drilling results and 
statistical inferences that may ultimately prove to be inaccurate. Mineral Resource estimates may have to be re-estimated 
based on, among other things: (i) fluctuations in manganese or other  mineral prices; (ii) results of drilling; (iii) results of 
metallurgical testing and other studies; (iv) changes to proposed extraction operations, including recoveries and dilution; 
(v) the evaluation of extraction and operating plans subsequent to the date of any estimates; and (vi) the possible failure 
to receive required permits, approvals and licences. 

The Company is engaged in the evaluation, exploration and development of mineral projects which, by their nature,  are 
speculative. Accordingly,  the  Company  is  subject  to risks  associated  with  its  industry  and  business,  including  but  not 
limited to: risks inherent in the mineral exploration and evaluation and mineral extraction business; commodity price 
fluctuations;  competition  for  mineral  properties;  mineral  resources  and  reserves  and  recovery  estimates;  currency 
fluctuations;  interest  rate  risk;  financing  risk;  environmental  risk;  country  risk;  permitting  risk;  political  risk;  legal 
proceedings; and numerous other risks. A summary of the risks relating to the business of the Company and industry-
related risks, and risks relating to the Company’s Shares is included in the Company’s Annual Information Form dated 
December 16, 2019, filed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com under the Company’s profile. 

If any of such risks or uncertainties actually occur, the Company’s business, financial condition or operating results could be 
harmed substantially and could differ materially from the plans and other forward-looking statements discussed in this 
MD&A. The Company will not necessarily update this information unless it is required to by Securities laws.

54 | P a g e  

 
 
 
MINING TENEMENTS AND MINERAL RESOURCE STATEMENT  

Mining Tenements Held by the Company and the Percentage Interest held in each Mining Tenement: 

Tenement 
Trnávka I 
Preliminary Mining 
Permit 
Trnávka II 

License Status 
Exploration  
Preliminary Mining 
Permit 
Exploration  

Notes: 

Reference 
631/550/14-Hd 
MZP/2018/550/387-HD  

Note 
1 
2 

Interest 
Acquired 
During Year 
- 
- 

Interest 
Divested 
During Year 
- 
- 

Interest 
Held at 
Year-end 
100% 
100% 

MZP/2018/550/386-HD  

3 

- 

- 

100% 

1.  Exploration license 631/550/14-Hd was issued by the Czech Ministry of Environment on 2 September 2014 in favour of 
GET s.r.o and subsequently transferred to Mangan Chvaletice s.r.o. effective 25 September 2015, and was valid until 30 
September 2019.  On 4 December 2018, Mangan received a renewal and extension of this license until 31 May 2023.  
2.  The  Preliminary  Mining  Permit  is  the  prior  consent  of  the  Ministry  of  Environment  of  the  Czech  Republic  for  the 
establishment of the Mining Lease District, issued 17 April 2018, with effect 28 April 2018.  The Preliminary Mining 
License is valid until 30 April 2023, and covers the areas covered by Exploration License Trnávka I and Trnávka II.  
3.  Exploration license MZP/2018/550/386-HD was issued by the Czech Ministry of Environment on 4 May 2018 in favour 

of Mangan Chvaletice s.r.o., effective 23 May 2018, and is valid until 31 May 2023. 

Mineral Resources Statement: 

The Company reviews and reports its mineral resources at least annually. The date of reporting is 30 September 
each  year,  to  coincide  with  the  Company’s  end  of  fiscal  year.    If  there  are  any  material  changes  to  its  mineral 
resources over the course of the year, the Company is required to report these changes.   

The initial mineral resource statement for the Chvaletice Manganese Project in the Czech Republic, as at the end of 
the  previous  balance  sheet  date,  30  September  2018,  was  prepared  in  accordance  with  Canadian  National 
Instrument 43-101 and JORC Code (2012 Edition), and included 23.37 million tonnes of Indicated and 3.51 million 
tonnes  of  Inferred  mineral  resources  grading  7.40%  and  8.21%,  respectively.   Based  on  the  results  of  additional 
drilling and test work conducted during 2018, the Company issued an updated mineral resource statement for the 
Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  effective  8  December  2018  (with  a  release  date  of  28  January  2019)  which  has 
improved the confidence classification of the resources to the measured and indicated categories.  The updated 
mineral resource estimate was also prepared in accordance with Canadian National Instrument 43-101 and JORC 
Code (2012 Edition), and reported the mineral resources as summarized below: 

Tailings 
Cell # 

Classification 

Dry In -situ Bulk 
Density (t/m3) 

Volume (m3) 

Tonnage 
(metric tonnes) 

Total Mn (%) 

Soluble Mn (%) 

#1 

#2 

#3 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

1.52 

1.47 

1.53 

1.55 

1.45 

1.45 

6,577,000 

10,029,000 

160,000 

236,000 

7,990,000 

12,201,000 

123,000 

189,000 

2,942,000 

4,265,000 

27,000 

39,000 

TOTAL 

MEASURED 

1.51 

17,509,000 

26,496,000 

INDICATED 

COMBINED 

M&I 

1.50 

1.51 

309,000 

464,000 

17,818,000 

26,960,000 

7.95 

8.35 

6.79 

7.22 

7.35 

7.90 

7.32 

7.85 

7.33 

6.49 

6.67 

5.42 

5.30 

5.63 

5.89 

5.86 

6.05 

5.86 

55 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes: 
1.  Mineral  Resources  do  not  have  demonstrated  economic  viability  but  have  reasonable  prospects  for  eventual  economic 
extraction. Indicated Resources have lower confidence than Measured Resources. Inferred Resources have lower confidence 
than Indicated Resources.  Mineral Reserves have not been defined for the Project. The estimate of Mineral Resources may 
be materially affected by environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, sociopolitical, marketing, or other relevant issues. 

2.  Numbers may not add exactly due to rounding.  
3.  The independent mineral resource estimates for the Chvaletice Manganese project was prepared by Tetra Tech Canada Inc. 
(“Tetra Tech”) and is reported and classified in accordance with the guidelines of the 2012 Australasian Code for Reporting of 
Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code 2012) and the Canadian National Instruments 43-
101.  

4.  A  preliminary  break-even  grade  of  3.20%  tMn  was  estimated  to  test  the  mineral  resources  as  reasonable  prospects  for 
eventual economic extraction. Since this estimated break-even grade falls below the grades reported for most of the resource 
blocks (excluding 10,000 t which have grades less than 3.20% tMn) a cut-off grade was not applied to the tailings resource 
block model. 

Governance Arrangements and Internal Controls:  The Company has ensured that the mineral resources quoted are 
subject to good governance arrangements and internal controls. The mineral resources reported have been based 
on information compiled by Mr. James Barr, P. Geo, Senior Geologist, and Mr. Jianhui (John) Huang, Ph.D., P. Eng., 
Senior Metallurgical Engineer, both with Tetra Tech.  Messrs. Barr and Huang are consultants to the Company and 
have sufficient experience in the field of activity being reported to qualify as Competent Persons as defined in the 
2012 edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resource and Ore Reserves, and 
both are Qualified Persons under National Instrument 43-101 – ‘Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects’.  The 
consultants  have  also  undertaken  reviews  of  the  quality  and  suitability  of  the  underlying  information  used  to 
generate the resource estimation. In addition, technical information concerning the Chvaletice Manganese Project 
is reviewed by Mr. Gary Nordin, a consultant to the Company and its Chief Geologist, and a Qualified Person under 
NI 43-101.  

Competent Persons and Qualifying Person Statements 

The information in this annual report that relates to Mineral Resources in relation to the Chvaletice  Manganese 
Project is based on information compiled by Messrs. Barr and Huang of Tetra Tech, both of whom are members of 
the Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia. Messrs. Barr and Huang are consultants to the Company and 
have  sufficient  experience  in  the  style  of  mineralisation  and  to  the  activity  undertaken  to  qualify  as  Competent 
Persons  as  defined  in  the  2012  edition  of  the  Australasian  Code  for  Reporting  of  Exploration  Results,  Mineral 
Resource and Ore Reserves and are Qualified Persons under National Instrument 43-101 – ‘Standards of Disclosure 
for Mineral Projects’. Messrs. Barr and Huang consent to the inclusion in the annual report of the matters based on 
this information in the form and context in which it appears.  

The  technical  reports  relating  to  Mineral  Resources  are  available  to  view  on  the  Company’s  website  at 
www.mn25.com and on the ASX’s Market Announcement Platform. The Company confirms that it is not aware of 
any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the original market announcement 
and that all material assumptions in the market announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. 
The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Persons’ and Qualifying Persons’ findings 
are presented have not been materially modified from the original market announcements. 

56 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT  

(ARBN 627 968 567) 

Corporate Governance Statement 

Overview 

Euro Manganese Inc. (the “Company”) believes in the importance of a strong board of directors (“Board”) and sound 
corporate governance policies and practices to direct and manage its business affairs. The Company considers that 
good  corporate  governance  enhances  its  performance,  and  is  essential  to  retaining  the  trust  of  shareholders, 
attracting  the  right  people  to  the  organisation  and  maintaining  its  social  license  in  the  communities  in  which  it 
operates. 

Canadian Corporate Governance  

The Board is responsible for the overall corporate governance of the Company, and it recognises the need for the 
highest standards of ethical behaviour and accountability. It is committed to administering its corporate governance 
structures to promote integrity and responsible decision making.  

The  Company  is  incorporated  in  the  Province  of  British  Columbia,  Canada  and  its  shares  were  listed  on  the  TSX 
Venture Exchange (“TSXV”) on 2 October 2018. Accordingly, the Board seeks to apply the corporate governance 
practices  and  procedures  set  out  in  National  Policy  58-201  –  Corporate  Governance  Guidelines  (“NP  58-201”) 
(published by the British Columbia Securities Commission and other Canadian corporate securities regulators) where 
possible, having regard to the Company’s size and the nature of its operations.  

Compliance with ASX Recommendations 

The Company was officially admitted to the ASX on 28 September 2018 sought to adopt the ASX Recommendations 
in August 2018 in preparation for listing on ASX.  The corporate governance principles and practices adopted by the 
Company may depart from those generally applicable to  ASX-listed companies under the Corporate  Governance 
Principles  and  Recommendations’  (Third  Edition)  (“ASX  Recommendations”)  published  by  the  ASX  Corporate 
Governance Council.   

The Company sets out below its “if not why not” report in relation to those matters of corporate governance where 
the Company’s practice departs from the ASX Recommendations, to the extent that they are currently applicable to 
the Company.  

Corporate Governance Documents 

Copies  of  the  Company’s  corporate  governance  mandates,  policies  and  charters  are  available  on  its  website, 
https://www.mn25.ca.  

Date 

This statement is current as of 16 December 2019 and has been approved by the Board of Directors of the Company. 

57 | P a g e  

 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

1. 

 Principle 1 – Lay solid foundations for management and oversight 

A listed entity should establish and disclose the respective roles and responsibilities of its board and 
management and how their performance is monitored and evaluated. 

1.1 

 ASX Recommendation 1.1 

A listed entity should disclose: 

a. 

b. 

the  respective  roles  and  responsibilities  of  its 
board and management; and 

those matters expressly reserved to the board and 
those delegated to management. 

Yes 

Yes 

1.2 

ASX Recommendation 1.2 

A listed entity should: 

a. 

b. 

undertake appropriate checks before appointing a 
person,  or  putting  forward  to  security  holders  a 
candidate for election, as a director; and 

provide  security  holders  with  all  material 
information in its possession relevant to a decision 
on whether or not to elect or re-elect a director. 

Yes 

Yes  

1.3 

ASX Recommendation 1.3 

A  listed  entity  should  have  a  written  agreement  with 
each director and senior executive setting out the terms 
of their appointment. 

Partially 
complied with.  

1.4 

ASX Recommendation 1.4 

The  company  secretary  of  a  listed  entity  should  be 
accountable directly to the board, through the chair, on 
all  matters  to  do  with  the  proper  functioning  of  the 
board. 

Not followed 

The Company has a formal Board Charter (a copy is located on the Company’s 
website)  which  sets  out  those  matters  reserved  for  the  Board  and  those 
delegated to management.  

The Board’s functions include, among other things, developing and setting the 
Company’s strategic direction in conjunction with management, overall review 
of  performance  against  targets  and  objectives,  reviewing  management’s 
performance,  ensuring  the  Company  has  adequate  systems  and  internal 
controls  together  with  appropriate  monitoring  of  compliance  activities, 
approval  and  compliance  with  policies 
including  health,  safety  and 
environment and reporting to shareholders on the direction and performance 
of the Company.  

The Board has also established various committees to assist in carrying out its 
duties.  These  Committees  include  the  Audit  Committee,  the  Technical 
Committee,  and 
the  Governance,  Compensation,  Nominating  and 
Sustainability Committee (the “GCNS Committee”).  

The  Chief  Executive  officer  (“CEO”),  supported  by  senior  executives,  is 
responsible for the day-to-day management of the Company’s affairs and the 
implementation of strategy and policy initiatives. 

Before the Company proposes to appoint a new Director, appropriate checks 
are  undertaken  which  include  but  are  not  limited  to  reviewing  the  person’s 
character,  experience,  education,  work  experience  and  criminal  record. 
Interviews with the potential candidates are conducted by existing Directors to 
make sure their experience, personality and ethics are an appropriate fit for the 
strategic direction of Company. Appropriate discussions with third parties who 
know the proposed Director may also be undertaken.  

Directors’  biographical  details, 
including  their  relevant  qualifications, 
experience and the skills they bring to the Board are detailed on the Company 
website, in the Company’s Annual Information Form, and in the Management 
Information  Circular  for  the  Annual  General  and  Special  Meeting  of 
Shareholders. Details of any other public company directorships held are also 
provided in the Company’s Annual Information Form and in the Management 
Information  Circular  for  the  Annual  General  and  Special  Meeting  of 
Shareholders. 

All  senior  executives,  including  the  Company’s  non-independent,  executive 
directors, have a written employment agreement with the Company setting out 
the terms of their appointment. 

As  a  matter  of  practice,  the  Company  does  not  currently  enter  into  written 
formal  agreements  with  its  non-executive  (independent)  directors.    All 
Directors  are  provided  with  copies  of  the  board  mandate,  sub-committee 
mandates,  and  all  other  codes  of  conduct  and  policies  outlining  their 
responsibilities and company polices that they are expected to abide by.   

Additionally, the Company enters into a formal indemnity agreement with each 
director and senior executive upon their commencement with the Company. 

Given the Company’s current size and stage of development, the company does 
not  have  a  separate  Corporate  Secretary.    Prior  to  1  November  2018,  the 
Company’s VP Finance and Chief Financial Officer also acted as the Company’s 
Corporate  Secretary  and  reported  to  the  President  &  CEO.    Effective  1 
November  2018,  the  Company  hired  a  new  executive  as  VP  Corporate 
Development, who also acts as the Company’s Corporate Secretary, reporting 
to the President & CEO.   

The CEO and the Corporate Secretary communicate  regularly with the board 
Chair on matters having to do with the proper functioning of the board and its 
committees.  All board meeting agendas are approved by the Chair. 

58 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

1.5 

ASX Recommendation 1.5 

A listed entity should: 

a. 

b. 

c. 

a  diversity  policy  which 

includes 
have 
requirements  for  the  board  or  a  relevant 
committee  of  the  board  to  set  measurable 
objectives  for  achieving  gender  diversity  and  to 
assess  annually  both  the  objectives  and  the 
entity’s progress in achieving them; 

disclose that policy or a summary of it; and 

disclose as at the end of each reporting period the 
measurable  objectives 
for  achieving  gender 
diversity set by the board or a relevant committee 
of  the  board  in  accordance  with  the  entity’s 
diversity policy and its progress towards achieving 
them, and either: 

1. 

2. 

the  respective  proportions  of  men  and 
women  on  the  board,  in  senior  executive 
positions and across the whole organisation 
(including  how  the  entity  has  defined 
“senior executive” for these purposes); or 

if the entity is a “relevant employer” under 
the  Workplace  gender  Equality  Act,  the 
entity’s  most  recent  “Gender  Equality 
Indicators”,  as  defined  in  and  published 
under that Act. 

Partially 
followed.  

Yes 

No 

The  Diversity  policy  was  established  and  approved  by  the  Board  on  14 
December 2017.  Given the Company’s current size and stage of development, 
it is not practical to set measurable objectives for achieving gender diversity.  
The Company has a policy to select the best available officers and staff for each 
relevant position in a non-discriminatory manner based on merit. 

A copy of the Diversity Policy is disclosed on the Company’s website.  

Not done to date given The Company’s current size and stage of development.  

No 

Not done to date given the Company’s current size and stage of development. 

Not applicable. 

The Company is a Foreign company and is not subject to the Workplace Gender 
Equality  Act.    Canada  has  not  mandated/legislated  requirements  for  gender 
equality for company directors or senior management.  

1.6 

ASX Recommendation 1.6 

A listed entity should: 

a. 

have  and  disclose  a  process  for  periodically 
evaluating  the  performance  of  the  board,  its 
committees and individual directors; and 

Yes 

The  processes  for  periodic  Board  member  performance  evaluation  are 
incorporated into the Board mandate and mandate of the GCNS Committee – 
both  of  which  were  approved  by  the  Board  on  14  December  2017,  and  are 
disclosed on the Company’s website. 

Through the GCNS Committee, the Board will assess the overall effectiveness 
of (i) the Board as a whole, (ii) individual directors (including the Chairman, and 
any Lead Director, if appointed) and (iii) each of the committees (other than 
the  GCNS  Committee  which  shall  be  evaluated  by  the  full  Board)  from  a 
corporate governance perspective and compliance with the relevant mandate, 
charter  or  terms  of  reference  as  applicable.    In  connection  with  such 
evaluations, each director will be required to provide his or her assessment of 
the effectiveness of the Board and each committee as well as the performance 
of  the  individual  directors,  annually.  Such  evaluations  take  into  account  the 
competencies  and  skills  each  director  is  expected  to  bring  to  his  or  her 
particular role on the Board or on a committee, as well as any other relevant 
facts.  

The Audit Committee must also assess, on an annual basis, its effectiveness. 

b. 

disclose,  in  relation  to  each  reporting  period, 
whether 
evaluation  was 
undertaken in the reporting period in accordance 
with that process. 

performance 

a 

Yes  

During  the  reporting  period  ended  30  September  2019,  evaluations,  as 
described above, were first completed in early December 2018, in connection 
with the approval of the 2018 financial reports and other year-end filings.  

1.7 

ASX Recommendation 1.7 

A listed entity should: 

a. 

have  and  disclose  a  process  for  periodically 
evaluating 
its  senior 
the  performance  of 
executives; and 

Yes 

The Board Mandate provides for the monitoring of management’s successes, 
which 
involves  assessing  the  performance  of  senior  executives.  The 
performance  of  the  CEO  is  evaluated  by  the  Chairman  with  input  from  the 
Board  and  the  review  is  then  discussed  with  the  Board.  The  CEO  will  also 
evaluate the performance of key executives on an annual basis. 

59 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

b. 

disclose,  in  relation  to  each  reporting  period, 
whether 
evaluation  was 
undertaken in the reporting period in accordance 
with that process. 

performance 

a 

Yes  

During  the  reporting  period  ended  30  September  2019,  performance 
evaluations  were  carried  out  by  the  CEO  in  early  2019,  related  to  the  2018 
calendar  year.    The  Company  intends  to  carry  out  these  evaluations  on  a 
calendar year basis. 

2. 

 Principle 2 – Structure the board to add value 

A listed entity should have a board of an appropriate size, composition, skills and commitment to 
enable it to discharge its duties effectively. 

2.1 

 ASX Recommendation 2.1 

The board of a listed entity should: 

a. 

have a nomination committee which: 

1. 

has  at  least  three  members,  a  majority  of 
whom are independent directors; and 

2. 

is chaired by an independent director, 

and disclose: 

3. 

4. 

5. 

the charter of the committee; 

the members of the committee; and 

as at the end of each reporting period, the 
number  of  times  the  committee  met 
throughout  the  period  and  the  individual 
attendances  of  the  members  at  those 
meetings; or 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes  

Yes 

Yes 

The  GCNS  Committee  is  composed  of  a  minimum  of  three  directors,  the 
majority  of  whom  shall  be  independent  directors.    Current  members  of  the 
GCNS  Committee  include  Harvey  N.  McLeod,  John  Webster,  and  Marco 
Romero,  with  Messrs.  McLeod  and  Webster  being  independent  directors.  
Harvey N. McLeod is the current chair of the committee. 

The GCNS Charter is disclosed on the Company’s website. The members of the 
GCNS committee are disclosed above and on the Company’s website.  

Since its formation 14 December 2017 to the end of the reporting period on 30 
September 2018, the GCNS Committee held three meetings, each of which was 
attended by all three committee members. During the reporting period on 30 
September 2019, the GCNS Committee met four times, on 10 December 2018, 
11  February  2019,  29  April  2019  and  06  August  2019  each  of  which  was 
attended by all three committee members. 

b. 

if  it  does  not  have  a  nomination  committee, 
disclose that fact and the processes it employs to 
address  board  succession  issues  and  to  ensure 
that  the  board  has  the  appropriate  balance  of 
skills, knowledge, experience, independence and 
diversity  to  enable  it  to  discharge  its  duties  and 
responsibilities effectively. 

Not applicable. 

2.2 

 ASX Recommendation 2.2 

A  listed  entity  should  have  and  disclose  a  board  skills 
matrix setting out the mix of skills and diversity that the 
board  currently  has  or  is  looking  to  achieve  in  its 
membership. 

Not followed 

The  Company  does  not  currently  have  a  formal  skills  or  diversity  matrix  in 
relation to the Board members. The Board considers that such a matrix is not 
necessary given the current size and stage of the Company’s development.  

However, as a matter of practice, the Board requires that each director:  

•  possess  the  skills  and  experiences  required  to  carry  out  their  duties  and 
functions; and  

• demonstrate a track record of honesty, integrity, ethical behaviour, fairness 
and responsibility and a commitment to representing the long-term interests 
of the Company’s shareholders.  

The Board endeavours to ensure that the Board is comprised of individuals with 
varying backgrounds, who have (either collectively or  individually) significant 
experience  in  running  and  managing  public  companies,  particularly  in  the 
resource  sector.    The  significant  and  relevant  board  experience  is  set  out  in 
each Director’s biography on the Company’s website, in the Company’s Annual 
Information Form, and in the Management Information Circular for the Annual 
General and Special Meeting of Shareholders. 

The Board may adopt a formal skills matrix at a later  time as the Company’s 
operations grow and evolve. 

60 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

2.3 

 ASX Recommendation 2.3 

A listed entity should disclose: 

a. 

the  names  of  the  directors  considered  by  the 
board to be independent directors; 

Yes  

b. 

if a director has an interest, position, association 
or relationship of the type described in Box 2.3 but 
the  board  is  of  the  opinion  that  it  does  not 
compromise  the  independence  of  the  director, 
the nature of the interest, position, association or 
relationship  in  question  and  an  explanation  of 
why the board is of that opinion; and 

Yes 

The  Board  currently  consists  of  eight  members,  a  majority  of  whom  are 
independent. Marco A. Romero is not independent as he is the President and 
CEO  of  the  Company,  and  Jan  Votava  is  not  independent  as  he  is  Managing 
Director of Mangan Chvaletice s.r.o., the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary. 
Additionally, Daniel J. Rosický is not independent as he is a partner in PRK Raft 
s.a., a wholly owned subsidiary of PRK Partners, attorneys, a Czech law firm that 
provides legal services to the Company’s Czech subsidiary and in which he is a 
partner.  Roman  Shklanka,  David  B.  Dreisinger,  Harvey  N.  McLeod,  Gregory 
Martyr and John Webster are considered independent as none of them is an 
adviser  or  supplier  to  the  Company  or  has  any  other  material  contractual 
relationship with the Company other than their position as a Director.   

The Company has determined that there are no known conflicts of interest. As 
indicated above, Daniel J. Rosický is not independent as he is a partner in PRK 
Raft s.a., a wholly owned subsidiary of PRK Partners, attorneys, a Czech law firm 
that provides legal services to the Company’s Czech subsidiary and in which he 
is a partner.  The Board has determined that Mr. Rosický’s position as partner 
in this firm does not interfere with his independent judgement as a director of 
the Company.  

c. 

the length of service of each director. 

Yes 

Each director has served since their appointments shown opposite their names:  

Roman Shklanka – 25 November 2014; 
Marco A. Romero - 25 November 2014; 
Harvey N. McLeod – 14 September 2015; 
John Webster -14 September 2015; 
David B. Dreisinger – 14 September 2015; 
Daniel J. Rosický – 11 January 2016; 
Jan Votava – 21 September 2017; and 
Gregory P. Martyr – 20 March 2018. 

2.4 

 ASX Recommendation 2.4 

A  majority  of  the  board  of  a  listed  entity  should  be 
independent directors. 

Yes 

The  Board  currently  comprises  a  majority  of  independent  directors  (five 
independent  directors  and  three  non-independent  directors).    Refer  to 
Recommendation 2.3 for further information.  

2.5 

 ASX Recommendation 2.5 

The  chair  of  the  board  of  a  listed  entity  should  be  an 
independent  director  and,  in  particular,  should  not  be 
the same person as the CEO of the entity. 

Yes 

The Company has adopted the recommendation that the Chairman should be 
independent. Roman Shklanka is non-Executive Chairman of the Board and is 
independent. The CEO is Marco A. Romero.  

2.6 

 ASX Recommendation 2.6 

A listed entity should have a program for inducting new 
directors  and  provide  appropriate  professional 
development opportunities for directors to develop and 
maintain  the  skills  and  knowledge  needed  to  perform 
their role as directors effectively. 

Yes 

In  conjunction  with  the  GCNS  Committee,  the  Board  oversees  the 
establishment  of  suitable  orientation  programs  for  new  Directors  and 
continuing  education  opportunities  for  all  Directors.  New  Directors  are 
provided  with  corporate  policies,  historical  information  about  the  Company, 
management  reports,  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  site  visits,  as  well  as 
information  on  the  Company’s  performance  and  its  strategic  plan  with  an 
outline of the general duties and responsibilities entailed in carrying out their 
duties.  

The  Company  also  encourages  Directors  to  attend,  enrol  or  participate  in 
courses and/or seminars dealing with financial literacy, corporate governance 
and related matters. Each Director of the Company has the responsibility for 
ensuring  that  he  maintains  the  skill  and  knowledge  necessary  to  meet  his 
obligations  as  a  Director.  The  Company  arranges  regular  meetings  and 
encourages 
the  Company’s 
management  team  members  and  requires  all  independent  directors  to 
participate in board committees. 

interaction  between 

the  directors  with 

61 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

3. 

 Principle 3 – Act ethically and responsibly 

A listed entity should act ethically and responsibly. 

3.1 

 ASX Recommendation 3.1 

A listed entity should: 

a. 

have  a  code  of  conduct  for  its  directors,  senior 
executives and employees; and 

b. 

disclose that code or a summary of it. 

Yes 

Yes 

The Board adopted and approved a Code of Ethics and Business Conduct on 14 
December 2017.  All Directors, senior executives & employees are required to 
read and acknowledge (in writing) their having read the code.  A copy of the 
Company’s Code of Ethics and Business Conduct is disclosed on the Company’s 
website. 

4. 

 Principle 4 – Safeguard integrity in corporate reporting 

A listed entity should have formal and rigorous processes that independently verify and safeguard the 
integrity of its corporate reporting. 

4.1 

 ASX Recommendation 4.1 

The board of a listed entity should: 

a. 

have an audit committee which: 

1. 

2. 

has at least three members, all of whom are 
non-executive  directors  and  a  majority  of 
whom are independent directors; and 

Yes 

All members of Audit Committee are non-executive directors, John Webster, 
David Dreisinger, Roman Shklanka (to 22 February 2019), and Gregory Martyr 
(from 22 February 2019), each of which is independent.  

is chaired by an independent director, who 
is not the chair of the board, 

Yes 

John Webster is the chair of the Audit Committee, is independent and is not 
the Chair of the Board.  

and disclose: 

3. 

4. 

5. 

the charter of the committee; 

the  relevant  qualifications  and  experience 
of the members of the committee; and 

in  relation  to  each  reporting  period,  the 
number  of  times  the  committee  met 
throughout  the  period  and  the  individual 
attendances  of  the  members  at  those 
meetings; or 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

A copy of the Audit Committee Charter is available on the Company's website. 

The  relevant  qualifications  and  experience  of  the  Committee  members  is 
included in Directors’ Report contained in theCompany’s Annual Information 
Form, and in the Management Information Circular for the Annual General and 
Special Meeting of Shareholders. 

Since its formation 14 December 2017 to the end of the reporting period on 30 
September  2018,  the  Audit  Committee  held  three  meetings,  of  which  John 
Webster  attended  all  three,  and  Roman  Shklanka  and  David  Dreisinger 
attended two. During the reporting period on 30 September  2019, the Audit 
Committee met four times, on 07 December 2018, 11 February 2019, 10 May 
2019 and 06 August 2019 each of which was attended by John Webster and 
David Dreisinger. Prior to the appointment of Gregory Martyr on 22 February 
2019,  Roman  Shklanka  attended  the  two  Audit  Committee  meetings  on  07 
December 2018 and 11 February 2019.  Following his appointment to the Audit 
Committee, Gregory Martyr attended the two Audit Committee  meetings on 
10 May 2019 and 06 August 2019. 

b. 

if  it  does  not  have  an  audit  committee,  disclose 
that  fact  and  the  processes  it  employs  that 
independently  verify  and  safeguard  the  integrity 
of its corporate reporting, including the processes 
for the appointment and removal of the external 
auditor and the rotation of the audit engagement 
partner. 

Not applicable.  

62 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

4.2 

 ASX Recommendation 4.2 

The  board  of  a  listed  entity  should,  before  it  approves 
the  entity’s  financial  statements  for  a  financial  period, 
receive from its CEO and CFO a declaration that, in their 
opinion,  the  financial  records  of  the  entity  have  been 
properly  maintained  and  that  the  financial  statements 
comply with the appropriate accounting standards and 
give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the  financial  position  and 
performance of the entity and that the opinion has been 
formed  on  the  basis  of  a  sound  system  of  risk 
management  and  internal  control  which  is  operating 
effectively. 

4.3 

 ASX Recommendation 4.3 

Yes 

As a foreign registered company, the Company is not required to comply with 
the  annual  financial  reporting  requirements  of  the  Corporations  Act.  The 
Company is therefore not required to provide these declarations in accordance 
with section 295A of the Corporations Act.  

However,  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  Canadian  securities  law 
(National  Instrument  52-  109),  the  chief  executive  officer  and  chief  financial 
officer  of  the  Company  are  required  to  formally  certify  financial  statements 
filed by the Company. As part of this certification process, the chief executive 
officer and chief financial officer are required to provide a certificate declaring 
that they have each reviewed the financial statements, the financial statements 
contain  no  misrepresentations  and  that  they  fairly  present,  in  all  material 
respects,  the  financial  condition,  results of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the 
Company. 

A  listed  entity  that  has  an  AGM  should  ensure  that  its 
external  auditor  attends  its  AGM  and  is  available  to 
answer questions from security holders relevant to the 
audit. 

Yes 

The Company requests that a representative of its external auditor attend each 
annual general meeting and be available to answer any shareholder questions 
concerning  the  conduct  of  the  audit  and  the  preparation  and  content  of  the 
auditor’s report. 

5. 

 Principle 5 – Make timely and balanced disclosure 

A  listed  entity  should  make  timely  and  balanced  disclosure  of  all  matters  concerning  it  that  a 
reasonable person would expect to have a material effect on the price or value of its securities. 

5.1 

 ASX Recommendation 5.1 

A listed entity should: 

a. 

have  a  written  policy  for  complying  with  its 
continuous  disclosure  obligations  under  the 
Listing Rules; and 

Yes 

The Board has adopted a Continuous Disclosure Policy which raises awareness 
of  the  Company’s  obligations  under  the  continuous  disclosure  regime; 
establishes  a  process  to  ensure  that  information  about  the  Company,  which 
may be market sensitive and which may require disclosure, is brought to the 
attention of the person(s) primarily responsible for ensuring that the Company 
complies with its continuous disclosure obligations in a timely manner and is 
kept confidential; and sets out the obligations of Directors, officers, employees 
and contractors of the Company to ensure that the Company complies with its 
continuous disclosure obligations.  

b. 

disclose that policy or a summary of it. 

Yes 

A copy of the Continuous Disclosure Policy is located on the Company’s website 

6. 

 Principle 6 – Respect the rights of security holders 

A listed entity should respect the rights of its security holders by providing them with appropriate 
information and facilities to allow them to exercise those rights effectively. 

6.1 

 ASX Recommendation 6.1 

A  listed  entity  should  provide  information  about  itself 
and its governance to investors via its website. 

Yes 

The Company provides information about itself and its governance to investors 
via  its  website.  The  Corporate  Governance  tab/menu  provides  access  to  all 
Committee Charters and other relevant Corporate Governance Policies 

6.2 

  ASX Recommendation 6.2 

A listed entity should design and implement an investor 
relations  program  to 
facilitate  effective  two-way 
communication with investors. 

Yes  

The  Board  aims  to  ensure  that  shareholders  are  provided  with  all  of  the 
information  necessary  to  assess  the  performance  of  the  Company.  The 
Company follows the principles outlined in its Continuous Disclosure policy to 
ensure all  investors are fully informed on  the activities of  the Company. The 
CEO is responsible for other investor relations activities with the assistance of 
the VP Corporate Development and Company Secretary.   

63 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

Shareholders or the public may make enquires to the Company via its website. 
Shareholder  queries  are  dealt  with  on an individual  basis  and any  requested 
information is provided whenever possible. Significant shareholder queries are 
brought to the attention of management or the Board. 

6.3 

 ASX Recommendation 6.3 

A listed entity should disclose the policies and processes 
it has in place to facilitate and encourage participation 
at meetings of security holders. 

Yes 

Prior to each meeting of shareholders, the Company disseminates a notice of 
meeting and an information circular which informs of all matters to be put to 
the  meeting,  encourages  participation  of  shareholders  in  such  meetings  and 
sets out the processes of facilitating participation. 

6.4 

 Recommendation 6.4 

A listed entity should give security holders the option to 
receive 
send 
communications  to,  the  entity  and  its  security  registry 
electronically. 

communications 

from, 

and 

Yes  

The  Company  considers  that  communicating  with  shareholders  by  electronic 
means is an efficient way to distribute information in a timely and convenient 
manner.  Canadian  law  does  not  permit  the  Company  to  send  all  types  of 
disclosure documents to shareholders electronically. However, as a matter of 
practice,  the  Company  provides  shareholders  with  the  option  to  receive 
communications from the Company electronically, wherever possible. Existing 
shareholders are able and encouraged to:  

• consent to receiving communications electronically (where permitted by law) 
by completing and returning a consent form which may be obtained from the 
Company or its securities registry; and  

• subscribe to the Company’s mailing list, to receive ongoing updates in relation 
to the Company and its operations via email.  

7. 

 Principle 7 – Recognise and manage risk 

A  listed  entity  should  establish  a  sound  risk  management  framework  and  periodically  review  the 
effectiveness of that framework. 

7.1 

 ASX Recommendation 7.1 

The board of a listed entity should: 

a. 

have a committee or committees to oversee risk, 
each of which: 

1. 

has  at  least  three  members,  a  majority  of 
whom are independent directors; and 

2. 

is chaired by an independent director, 

and disclose: 

3. 

4. 

5. 

the charter of the committee; 

the members of the committee; and 

as at the end of each reporting period, the 
number  of  times  the  committee  met 
throughout  the  period  and  the  individual 
attendances  of  the  members  at  those 
meetings; or 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes  

Yes 

Yes 

b. 

if it does not have a risk committee or committees 
that  satisfy  (a)  above,  disclose  that  fact  and  the 
processes  it  employs  for  overseeing  the  entity’s 
risk management framework. 

Not applicable. 

The Company has delegated risk oversight and risk management to the Audit 
Committee. Risk oversight and risk management are also a part of the overall 
responsibilities of the Board.  

The audit committee is comprised of three non-executive directors, all of which 
are independent. John Webster is the current chair of the Audit Committee. 

A copy of the Audit Committee Charter is available on the Company's website. 

John  Webster,  David  Dreisinger  and  Gregory  Martyr  all  of  which  are 
independent. John Webster is the current chair. 

Since its formation 14 December 2017 to the end of the reporting period on 30 
September  2018,  the  Audit  Committee  held  three  meetings,  of  which  John 
Webster  attended  all  three,  and  Roman  Shklanka  and  David  Dreisinger 
attended two. During the reporting period on 30 September  2019, the Audit 
Committee met four times, on 07 December 2018, 11 February 2019, 10 May 
2019 and 06 August 2019 each of which was attended by John Webster and 
David Dreisinger. Prior to the appointment of Gregory Martyr on 22 February 
2019,  Roman  Shklanka  attended  the  two  Audit  Committee  meetings  on  07 
December 2018 and 11 February 2019.  Following his appointment to the Audit 
Committee, Gregory Martyr attended the two Audit Committee  meetings on 
10 May 2019 and 06 August 2019. 

64 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

7.2 

 ASX Recommendation 7.2 

The board or a committee of the board should: 

a. 

b. 

review  the  entity’s  risk  management  framework 
at least annually to satisfy itself that it continues 
to be sound; and 

Yes 

disclose,  in  relation  to  each  reporting  period, 
whether such a review has taken place. 

Yes 

7.3 

 Recommendation 7.3 

A listed entity should disclose: 

a. 

b. 

if  it  has  an  internal  audit  function,  how  the 
function is structured and what role it performs; 
or 

Not applicable.  

if it does not have an internal audit function, that 
fact  and  the  processes  it  employs  for  evaluating 
and continually improving the effectiveness of its 
risk management and internal control processes. 

Yes 

7.4 

 ASX Recommendation 7.4 

A  listed  entity  should  disclose  whether  it  has  any 
material  exposure  to  economic,  environmental  and 
social sustainability risks and, if it does, how it manages 
or intends to manage those risks. 

Yes 

The  Company  commenced  an  organisation  wide  risk  review  in  late  2018  to 
identify potential business risks, with such risks then being assessed and ranked 
using  the  Company’s  risk  matrix.  The  effectiveness  of  controls  in  place  to 
address  each  risk  is  to  be  reviewed  on  a  regular  basis  and,  and  where  the 
residual risk is considered outside of acceptable limits, further controls and risk 
mitigation measures are to be developed and implemented. 

Given its size and current stage of development, the Company does not have a 
formal internal audit function. Under the Audit Committee Charter, the Audit 
Committee  is  responsible  for  (amongst  other  things)  inquiring  as  to  the 
adequacy of the Company’s system of internal controls and reviewing periodic 
includes 
reports  from  management  regarding 
assessing risk with respect to financial reporting. The Audit Committee provides 
quarterly reports to the Board in this regard, and the Board is responsible for 
overseeing  the  processes  implemented  to  ensure  the  integrity  of  the 
Company’s internal control and management information systems.  

internal  controls,  which 

The processes that the Board and Audit Committee employ for evaluating and 
continually improving the effectiveness of the Company’s risk management and 
control processes are set out in Recommendation 7.1 above.  

The  Company  is  a  mineral  exploration  company  whose  primary  focus  is  the 
evaluation and development of the Chvaletice manganese project in the Czech 
Republic. The Company is therefore exposed to economic, environmental and 
social sustainability risks. 

Economic  risks:  The  Company  considers  that  the  following  (non-exhaustive) 
operational risks are inherent in the industry in which it operates:  

• fluctuations in commodity prices and exchange rates;  

• accuracy of mineral reserve and resource estimates;  

• reliance on licenses, permits and approvals from governmental authorities, 
as well as the Company’s ability to secure surface rights over the claims which 
comprise its Chvaletice Manganese Project; 

• the intensively competitive nature of the mineral exploration and extraction 
industry for financial resources and technical expertise;  

• ability to obtain additional financing;  

• the dependence on key personnel, employees and consultants;  

• access to infrastructure and critical supplies; and  

• changed operating, market or regulatory environments, and in-country risks.  

The Audit Committee Charter provide for the establishment, maintenance and 
evaluation of risk management systems, to manage and minimise risks to the 
Company. 

Environmental  risk:  All  phases  of  the  Company’s  operations  are  subject  to 
environmental  regulation.    Environmental  legislation  is  evolving  in  a  manner 
which requires increasingly strict standards and enforcement, increased fines 
and penalties for non-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments 
of proposed projects and a heightened degree of responsibility for corporations 
and their officers, directors and employees.  There is no assurance that future 
changes  in  environmental  regulation,  if  any,  will  not  adversely  affect  the 
Company’s  operations, 
its  ability  to  develop  the  Chvaletice 
Manganese  Project,  capital  and  operating  expenditures,  earnings  and 
competitive position. 

including 

The  area  covered  by  the  Company’s  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  has  been 
significantly  impacted  by  past  mining  and  other  heavy  industrial  activities. 
Czech law exempts  land owners and developers from impacts prior  to  1989.  

65 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

Mining  activity  at  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  predates  1975.    The 
Company is, however, responsible for any new disturbances and impacts that 
it may cause. 

Environmental  baseline  studies  have  been  in  progress  since  the  summer  of 
2016. These include hydrological sampling and monitoring, as well as fauna and 
flora  surveys.    As  part  of  the  permitting  for  the  project,  the  Company  will 
adhere to Czech environmental regulations, standards and best practices for an 
Environmental  Monitoring  and  Management  Plan,  including  waste  water, 
waste and tailings storage, air, noise and other environmental regulations.  

The Company has initiated pro-active and regular consultation with community 
stakeholders, which are expected to intensify as the evaluation and planning 
for  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  advances.    The  Company’s  subsidiary, 
Mangan, opened a Project Information Center in November 2017 in the Town 
of  Chvaletice’s  Municipal  Culture  House  to  provide  local  residents  with 
opportunities to learn about the Chvaletice Manganese Project and to provide 
feedback and suggestions. 

Due to the location of the Chvaletice Manganese Project on the shore of the 
Labe River, there is potential for environmental sensitivities related to run-off 
and  potential  impacts  to  local  groundwater.  Adequate  additional  baseline 
environmental  data  collection  and  planning  will  be  required  to  ensure  the 
effects to the receiving environment are well understood.  This baseline work 
has been initiated and is ongoing. 

Social sustainability risks: The Company emphasizes a safe and secure working 
environment  and  recognizes  the  importance  of  operating  in  a  sustainable 
manner.  The  Company  has  adopted  a  Code  of  Ethics  and  Business  Conduct 
which sets out the standards which guide the conduct of its business and the 
behavior  of  its  directors,  officers,  employees  and  consultants.    All  new 
employees must read, and acknowledge that they will abide by, the Code when 
hired.  The Code, among other things, sets out standards in areas relating to 
the Company’s: commitment to health and safety in  its business operations; 
laws  and 
compliance  with  applicable  occupational  health  and  safety 
regulations; promoting and providing a work environment in which individuals 
are treated with respect, and are free of all forms of discrimination and abusive 
and  harassing  conduct;  providing  employees  with  equal  opportunity;  and 
ethical business conduct and legal compliance.  

The Code also requires the Company to conduct its exploration, development 
and  mining  operations  using  environmental  best  practices  with  a  goal  of 
protecting human health, minimizing impact on the ecosystem and returning 
exploration and mining sites to a high environmental standard, and always in 
compliance  with  all  applicable  environmental  laws  and  regulations.    Further, 
the  Code  requires  that  the  Company  conduct  its  operations  with  a  view  to 
respecting  and  enhancing  the  economic  and  social  situations  of  the 
communities in which the Company operates.  

The  Company  has  also  adopted  a  Whistleblowing  Policy  wherein  employees 
and  consultants  of  the  Company  are  provided  with  the  mechanics  by  which 
they  may  raise  concerns  with  respect  to  falsification  of  financial  records, 
unethical conduct, harassment, theft, and violation of the Code, or any other 
“wrong-doing” in a confidential, anonymous process.   

More information on the environmental and social responsibility risks and how 
the company manages such risks can be found on the Company’s website under 
https://www.mn25.ca/ethics  

8. 

 Principle 8 – Remunerate fairly and responsibly 

A listed entity should pay director remuneration sufficient to attract and retain high quality directors 
and design its executive remuneration to attract, retain and motivate high quality senior executives 
and to align their interests with the creation of value for security holders. 

8.1 

 ASX Recommendation 8.1 

The board of a listed entity should: 

The  Company  has  established  a  GCNS  Committee  which  has  been  delegated 
responsibility of, among other things, making recommendations to the board 
regarding Director remuneration, as well as executive remuneration.  

66 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
ASX RECOMMENDATION 

COMPLIED WITH? 

COMMENT 

a. 

have a remuneration committee which: 

1. 

has  at  least  three  members,  a  majority  of 
whom are independent directors; and 

2. 

is chaired by an independent director, 

and disclose: 

3. 

the charter of the committee; 

4. 

the members of the committee; and 

5. 

as at the end of each reporting period, the 
number  of  times  the  committee  met 
throughout  the  period  and  the  individual 
attendances  of  the  members  at  those 
meetings; or 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

The  GCNS  Committee  is  composed  of  a  minimum  of  three  directors,  the 
majority of whom shall be independent directors. 

Harvey N. McLeod, an independent director, is the current chair of the GCNS 
Committee. 

The Company has adopted a charter for the GCNS Committee, a copy of which 
is available on the Company's website. 

Current  members  of  the  GCNS  Committee  include  Harvey  N.  McLeod,  John 
Webster, and Marco Romero. 

Since its formation 14 December 2017 to the end of the reporting period on 30 
September 2018, the GCNS Committee held three meetings, each of which was 
attended by all three committee members. During the reporting period on 30 
September 2019, the GCNS Committee met four times, on 10 December 2018, 
11  February  2019,  29  April  2019  and  06  August  2019  each  of  which  was 
attended by all three committee members. 

b. 

if  it  does  not  have  a  remuneration  committee, 
disclose that fact and the processes it employs for 
setting the level and composition of remuneration 
for  directors  and  senior  executives  and  ensuring 
that  such  remuneration  is  appropriate  and  not 
excessive. 

Not applicable 

8.2 

 ASX Recommendation 8.2 

A listed entity should separately disclose its policies and 
practices  regarding  the  remuneration  of  non-executive 
directors  and  the  remuneration  of  executive  directors 
and other senior executives. 

Yes  

8.3 

 ASX Recommendation 8.3 

A listed entity which has an equity-based remuneration 
scheme should: 

a. 

have  a  policy  on  whether  participants  are 
permitted  to  enter  into  transactions  (whether 
through the use of derivatives or otherwise) which 
limit  the  economic  risk  of  participating  in  the 
scheme; and 

Yes 

b. 

disclose that policy or a summary of it. 

Yes  

The structure of non-executive Director remuneration is clearly distinguishable 
from  that  of  executive  Directors  and  other  senior  executives.  Non-executive 
Directors are  remunerated on a fixed fee  basis for time and responsibility as 
part of an aggregate remuneration approved by shareholders. Non-executive 
and executive Directors are eligible to receive incentive stock options under the 
Company’s  shareholder  approved  stock  option  plan.    As  of  the  date  hereof, 
non-executive  and  executive  Directors  hold  an  aggregate  of  8,325,000  stock 
options to purchase shares in the Company, representing 53.71% of the total 
incentive  options  outstanding.    Senior  executives  are  remunerated  on  an 
annual basis based on a combination, and in some cases are eligible for pre-
defined  bonuses  based  on  the  achievement  of  certain  milestones.    Senior 
officers  of  the  Company  are  also  eligible  to  receive  incentive  stock  options 
under the Company’s shareholder approved stock option plan.  

Further  details  regarding  the  remuneration  practices  and  policies  for  the 
Company’s Directors and officers are included in the Compensation section of 
the Company’s Management Information Circular for the Annual General and 
Special  Meeting  of  Shareholders    which  informs  of  all  matters  to  be  put  to 
shareholders at an annual general meeting of the Company.  

The Company’s only equity-based remuneration scheme is its Stock Option Plan 
which  governs  the  issuance  of  incentive  stock  options  to  directors,  officers, 
employees and consultants. The plan was ratified by the shareholders of the 
Company on 11 February 2019.  

The  Company's  Securities  Trading  Policy  prohibits  participants  of  any  equity-
based  remuneration  scheme  entering  into  transactions  which  limits  the 
economic risk of a participant. 

A copy of the Company’s Insider Trading Policy is available on the Company’s 
website. 

67 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER ASX ANNUAL REPORT INFORMATION  

The following information is provided pursuant to ASX Listing Rule 4.10, of Chapter 4 – Periodic Disclosure, and is complete 
unless the specific requirement is not applicable to Euro Manganese Inc. or unless the Company has received a waiver with 
respect to such requirement:  

Corporate Governance Statement 

The Company’s Corporate Governance Statement is provided in the preceding section of this Annual Report. 

Names of Substantial Shareholders 

The names of the substantial shareholders, as of 30 November 2019, are as follows: 

Shareholder 
Terra Capital Natural Resources Fund 
Roman Shklanka 
Marco A. Romero 
Tribeca Investment Partners Pty Ltd. 

Number of Holders of Each Class of Securities(1) 

Shares/CDIs held 
17,128,785 
10,453,335 
9,713,000 
9,265,156 

Percentage interest 
9.78% 
5.97% 
5.55% 
5.29% 

The Company’s authorized share capital consists of an unlimited number of Shares without par value.  As at 30 November 
2019, 175,065,435 Shares (including CDIs) are issued and outstanding and held by 308 shareholders, one of which (CDS & 
Co.) holds 58,339,155 Shares on behalf of 21 nominee and depository entities.  In addition, as of 16 December 2019, there 
were  15,500,000  Shares  issuable  on  the  exercise  of  incentive  stock  options  held  by  twenty-eight  option  holders,  and 
5,756,750 Shares issuable on the exercise of common share purchase warrants held by two warrant holders. 

Voting Rights 

All of the Shares (including CDIs) rank equally as to voting rights, participation in a distribution of the assets of the Company 
on a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company and entitlement to any dividends declared by the Company. 
The holders of the Shares are entitled to receive notice of, and to attend and vote at, all meetings of shareholders, with 
each Share carrying the right to one vote. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, or any 
other  distribution  of  the  assets  of  the  Company  among  its  shareholders  for  the  purpose  of  winding-up  its  affairs,  the 
holders of the Shares will be entitled to receive, on a pro rata basis, all of the assets remaining after the payment by the 
Company of all of its liabilities. The holders of Shares are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by the Board 
in  respect  of  the  Shares  on  a  pro  rata  basis.    The  Shares  do  not  carry  any  pre-emptive,  subscription,  redemption  or 
conversion rights. 

Distribution of Holders(1)  

As at 30 November 2019, the distribution of shareholders was as follows: 

Size of holding 
1 – 1,000 
1,000 – 5,000 
5,001 – 10,000 
10,001 – 100,000 
100,001 and over 
Total 

Number of holders 
14 
15 
30 
163 
86 
308 

Percentage 
4.55% 
4.87% 
9.74% 
52.92% 
27.92% 
100.00% 

68 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Holders with Less than a Marketable Parcel of the Company’s Main Class of Securities(1) 

As of 30 November 2019, there were approximately twenty-three holders of the Company’s Shares/CDIs with less than a 
Marketable Parcel, based on the closing price of the CDIs on the ASX as of that date of A$0.165. 

Name of Corporate Secretary 

During the reporting period, the Company’s VP Finance and Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Pierre Massé, was the Corporate 
Secretary  of  the  Company  from  1  October  to  31  October  2018.    Effective  1  November  2018,  Mr.  Fausto  Taddei  was 
appointed Vice President Corporate Development and Corporate Secretary. 

Address and Telephone Number of the Company’s Registered Office in Australia and its Principal Administrative Office 

The  Company  has  no  registered  or  administrative  offices  in  Australia.    The  Company’s  registered  and  principal 
administrative offices are located at: 

Registered Office: 
Suite 1700 - 666 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British 
Columbia  
V6C 2X8   Canada 

Canada: 
1500 - 1040 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, 
British Columbia,  
V6E 4H8   Canada 
Tel: + 1 604 681 1010 

Address and Telephone Number of Each Office at which a Register of Securities is Kept 

The Register of securities is kept at the following offices  

Australia: 
Computershare Investor Services Pty Limited 
Level 4, 60 Carrington Street 
Sydney NSW 2000, Australia 
Toll Free 1300 855 080 
Toll +61 (03) 9415 4000 

Canada: 
Computershare Investor Services Inc. 
510 Burrard Street, 3rd Floor 
Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 3B9 
Canada 
Tel: + 1 604 661 9400 

A list of Other Stock Exchanges on which any of the Company’s Securities are Quoted 

The Company’s Common Shares are quoted on the TSX Venture Exchange (“TSXV”) under the symbol “EMN.” 

Number and Class of Restricted Securities 

The following information is provided as of 30 November 2019. 

Under ASX Listing Rules, Shares, options and warrants held by certain promotors, related parties, and consultants were 
escrowed for a period of up to two years from the ASX listing date of 28 September 2018. The following securities are 
escrowed until the following scheduled release dates: 

Date to be released from Escrow 
28 September 2020 
Total 

Shares/CDIs 
25,770,569 
25,770,569 

Options 
7,175,000 
7,175,000 

Warrants 
5,756,750 
5,756,750 

In accordance with Canada’s National Policy 46-201 – Escrow for Initial Public Offerings (“NP 46-201”), the following Shares 
and options are escrowed until the following scheduled release dates: 

Date to be released from Escrow 
2 April 2020 
Total 

Shares 
7,261,340 
7,261,340 

Options 
1,600,000 
1,600,000 

Warrants 
- 
- 

69 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number and Class of Restricted Securities (continued) 

In  many  cases,  a  particular  holder,  or  any  particular  share,  option  or  warrant,  will  fall  into  one  or  more  of  the  above 
categories.  If a holder of these securities is subject to one or more of these escrow regimes, the securities will not be 
released from escrow until the release schedule for all regimes have been met. Given this overlap, on any particular release 
date, despite a security being released from a particular escrow regime, such security may still be in escrow under another 
regime. 

Particulars of Unquoted Equity Securities 

Unquoted equity securities include options and warrants to purchase shares.   

The Board has adopted a stock option plan (the “Stock Option Plan”) whereby the maximum number of Shares that may 
be reserved for issuance under outstanding stock options is 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding Shares on a 
non-diluted basis, as constituted on the date of any grant of options under the Stock Option Plan.  The purpose of the 
Stock Option Plan is to allow the Company to grant options to directors, officers, employees and consultants, as additional 
compensation and as an opportunity to participate in the success of the Company.  The granting of such options is intended 
to align the interests of such persons with that of the Company’s shareholders.  

As of 30 November 2019, there were 15,850,000 Shares issuable on the exercise of incentive stock options held by twenty-
eight option holders, having the following exercise prices and expiry dates:  

Number of Options 
1,625,000 
200,000 
1,575,000 
3,400,000 
700,000 
3,225,000 
500,000 
1,000,000 
2,725,000 
400,000 
150,000 

Exercise Prices (CAD$) 
C$0.08 
C$0.10 
C$0.10 
C$0.11 
C$0.11 
C$0.20 
C$0.20 
C$0.25 
C$0.28 
C$0.25 
C$0.25 

Expiry Date 
16 May 2026 
14 June 2026 
06 April 2027 
22 September 2027 
14 December 2027 
21 February 2028 
20 March 2028 
15 August 2028 
14 February 2029 
14 May 2029 
12 August 2029 

In connection with fees related to private equity placements in 2018, and the initial public offerings of CDIs in Australia 
and Shares in Canada, the Company issued the broker and agent warrants entitling the holders to purchase  Shares on the 
exercise of warrants having the following exercise prices and expiry dates: 

Number of Warrants 
2,856,750 
2,900,000 

Exercise Prices (CAD$) 
C$0.30 
C$0.375 

Expiry Date 
28 February 2021 
02 October 2021 

Review of Operations and Activities for the Reporting Period 

A  review  of  operations  of  the  consolidated  entity  for  the  reporting  period  ended  30  September  2019  is  provided  in 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis included in this Annual Report immediately following the consolidated financial 
statements for the same period.   

Additional information on the Company, its directors and executive management, and risk factors faced by the Company 
can be found in the Company’s Annual Information Form for the year ended 30 September 2019, dated 16 December 2019, 
a  copy  of which  is  lodged  with  ASX  (www.asx.com.au)  and  on  SEDAR  (at www.sedar.com), both  under the  Company’s 
profile. 

70 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Review of Operations and Activities for the Reporting Period (continued) 

Details of director and executive compensation will be included in the Management’s Information Circular for the Annual 
General Meeting of shareholders. 

Details of a Current On-market Buy-back 

None. 

Use of Cash in a Manner Consistent with Business Objectives 

The Company has used its cash and assets in a form readily convertible into cash that it had at the time of listing in a way 
consistent with its stated business objectives. Refer to Section 9 of the Management’s Discussion and Analysis, included in 
this Annual Report, for a comparison of the actual use of proceeds to the expected use of  proceeds as provided in its 
prospectus offering documents.  

Summary of Securities Approved for the purposes of Item 7 of section 611 of the Corporations Act which have not yet 
been completed 

None. 

Details of Securities Purchased On-market during the Reporting Period 

None. 

Names of any Person having a Beneficial Ownership of more than 10% of any Class of Securities of Voting or Equity 
Securities and the Number of Securities in which each Substantial Holder has an interest: 

To the best of the Company’s knowledge, there are no persons having beneficial ownership of more than 10% of any class 
of any securities of the Company.  

Other Information: 

The Company was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) on 24 November 2014. 

The Company is not subject to chapters 6, 6A, 6B and 6C of the Corporations Act (Australia) dealing with the acquisition of 
its shares (including substantial holdings and takeovers).  

There are no limitations on the acquisition of securities imposed by the jurisdiction in which the Company is incorporated 
and  registered,  and  there  are  no  limitations  on  the  acquisition  of  securities  imposed  under  the  Company’s  articles  of 
incorporation. 

Note  1:    In  Canada,  in  order  for  shares  to  settle  and  trade  on  the  TSXV,  shares  must  be  held  through  a  nominee  or 
depository that is a participant in the Canadian Depository for Securities (“CDS”). Participants in CDS include brokers in 
Canada and other registered entities. Through participant accounts in CDS, the ultimate shareholder is able to make and 
settle trades on TSXV.  As at 30 November 2019, 58,339,155 shares were held through CDS in 21 participant accounts. The 
Company is not readily able to determine the range of distribution for these 58,339,155 shares held in CDS and how many 
shareholders,  if  any,  hold  less  than  a  marketable  parcel  of  the  Company’s  shares.   Accordingly,  the  distribution  of 
shareholders and the number of shareholders with less than a marketable parcel of the Company’s shares/CDIs may not 
be accurate. 

71 | P a g e