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Euro Manganese

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FY2021 Annual Report · Euro Manganese
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2021 ANNUAL REPORT 
ARBN 627 968 567 

Assembly of the Chvaletice Manganese Project Demonstration Plant 

TSXV: EMN   |    ASX: EMN   |   OTCQX: EUMNF   WWW.MN25.CA

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE DIRECTORY 

Board of Directors 

Management 

John Webster 
Marco A. Romero 
David B. Dreisinger 
Gregory P. Martyr 
Thomas M. Stepien 

Marco A. Romero 
Martina Blahova 
Andrea Zaradic 
Fausto Taddei 
Jan Votava 

Incorporation Details 

Business Corporations Act (British 
Columbia) 

Non-Executive Chairman 
President and Chief Executive Officer 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director  

President and Chief Executive Officer 
Chief Financial Officer 
Vice President Operations 
VP Corp. Development and Corp. Secretary 
Managing Director, Mangan Chvaletice s.r.o. 

Registered Office 

Head Office 

Website 
e-mail 

Share Registry 

Legal Counsel  

Suite 1700 - 666 Burrard Street, 
Vancouver, British Columbia  
V6C 2X8   Canada 

#709 - 700 West Pender Street, 
Vancouver, British Columbia,  
V6C 1G8   Canada 

www.mn25.ca 
info@mn25.ca 

Tel: + 1 604 681 1010 

Australia: 
Computershare Investor Services Pty 
Limited  
Level 4, 60 Carrington Street 
Sydney NSW 2000, Australia 

Canada: 
Computershare Investor Services Inc. 
510 Burrard Street, 3rd Floor 
Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 3B9 
Canada 

Australia: 
MinterEllison 
Level 40, Governor Macquarie Tower 
1 Farrer Place 
Sydney NSW 2000 
Australia  

Canada: 
Stikeman Elliott LLP 
Suite 1700 - 666 Burrard Street,  
Vancouver, British Columbia  
V6C 2X8 
Canada 

Auditors 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP  
250 Howe Street, Suite 1400, 
Vancouver, British Columbia 
V6C 3S7  Canada 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS PAGE 

I. 

LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS 

II.  CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021, 

INCLUDING: 

MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY 

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF LOSS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

III.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 

IV.  MINING TENEMENTS AND MINERAL RESOURCE STATEMENT 

V.  OTHER ASX ANNUAL REPORT INFORMATION 

1 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS 

16 December 2021 

Dear Fellow Shareholders,  

Fiscal 2021 was another challenging year for much of the world, with new variants of the COVID-19 virus, on-going 
and ever-changing travel restrictions, supply-chain disruptions and rising prices.  Despite these challenges, our team 
members stayed safe and made good progress on our flagship Chvaletice Manganese Project.  This progress was 
made possible by two sizeable private equity placements which raised gross proceeds of $40 million.  Another $2.5 
million was raised through the exercise of options and broker warrants. This is expected to be sufficient funding to 
complete the evaluation and pre-development work on the Project, as summarized below. 

During the year, we secured the support of EIT InnoEnergy, an arm of the EU-backed European Institute of Innovation 
and Technology. This step will draw on EIT InnoEnergy’s extensive government and industry connections to  help 
accelerate  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project’s  integration  into  the  EU’s  battery  supply  chain  and  help  facilitate 
government-backed sources of funding. We also entered into agreements to terminate an existing 1.2% NSR interest 
in the Project for aggregate consideration of USD$4.5 million.  Part of this was paid during the year, leaving USD$3.6 
million to be paid in January 2022.  The elimination of this royalty is estimated to save around US$91 million in costs 
over the Project life, increasing its after-tax NPV by about US$25 million based on the results of the 2019 preliminary 
economic assessment, which results will be updated in connection with the feasibility study. 

From a market standpoint, the year represented a profound turning point for the global electric vehicle and lithium-
ion battery industries.  During the last year, several additional European and North American automakers announced 
long-term  plans  to  use  lithium-ion  battery  chemistries  that  contain  manganese,  and  the  projected  demand  for 
battery-grade  manganese  products  continued  to  grow.  In  the  meantime,  governments  in  key  jurisdictions  put 
forward  policy  initiatives  designed  to  accelerate  the  electrification  of  mobility  and  the  building  of  local  and 
sustainable battery supply chains. The European Union unveiled its “Fit for 50” legislative package, which set the 
stage for increasingly stringent regulations that require only the greenest batteries, with the greenest materials, to 
be sold in Europe and, for those that do not comply, to be penalized. 

We continue to experience significant interest in our high-purity manganese products. As a result, we have restarted 
our pilot plant to provide small product samples to prospective customers in advance of larger-scale samples that 
will come from our demonstration plant. The original pilot plant, which operated in 2018, produced exceptionally 
pure manganese products during process design studies for the  Project’s PEA.  Fabrication of our demonstration 
plant’s components is complete, and assembly of the plant modules recently began at a facility in China.  Its assembly 
will be followed by cold-commissioning and shipment of the modules to site in the Czech Republic, expected early 
in the New Year. Its hot-commissioning and start-up is targeted for the second quarter of 2022.  The high-purity 
product samples from the pilot plant and the demonstration plant will allow our prospective customers to continue 
or initiate the necessary supply chain qualification work. 

Work on the Project’s feasibility study continues, with approximately 78% of physical progress completed as at the 
end of October. All verification test work is complete.  Progress continues on the engineering studies. The Company 
is targeting completion of the feasibility study in the first half of calendar 2022. 

The Chvaletice Manganese Project continues to receive the support of the Czech government. Our eligibility timeline 
for certain investment incentives was extended by two years to March 2025 by the Czech Ministry of Industry and 
Trade.  These amount to approximately $27 million in investment tax credits based on the first €100 million in capital 
expenditures.  The Ministry of the Environment granted an extension to our exploration licences by three years to 
May 31, 2026. It also granted a new Preliminary Mining Permit, valid until May 31, 2026, which secures our rights to 
the Chvaletice tailings resource. 

2 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In early 2021, the Czech Ministry of the Environment concluded its six-month screening of the Chvaletice Manganese 
Project’s preliminary Environmental Impact Assessment, following which, the Company was given the green light to 
proceed with the Project’s Final Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA).  This is the biggest and most 
important step on the way to earning regulatory approval and full permitting for the Project. It will include valuable 
input from our extensive and ongoing engagement with local stakeholders. We anticipate the ESIA will be completed 
and submitted to permitting authorities in the first half of calendar 2022.  

In 2021, the Company also began pursuing other potential business opportunities. These included investigating the 
production of new value-added manganese specialty products to seize emerging market opportunities, as well as 
the  potential  to  upgrade  impure  manganese  outputs  from  lithium-ion  battery  recycling  back  to  battery-grade 
products.  We  are  also  seeking  to  leverage  our  core  technical  and  commercial  expertise  as  a  potential 
partner/developer  of  other  high-purity  manganese  development  projects.  We  recently  entered  into  a  joint 
development agreement with Nano One Materials Corp., a clean technology company with patented processes for 
the low-cost, low-environmental footprint production of high-performance cathode materials used in lithium-ion 
batteries. Our collaboration is aimed at developing low-cost, environmentally sustainable applications of high-purity 
manganese in next-generation cathode materials. 

This year, we began a global search for a new Chief Executive Officer to carry the Company through its next stage of 
development as an operating company at the heart of the European battery supply chain. We expect to announce 
the new CEO’s appointment shortly.  

Our principal targets for 2022 are as follows: 

• 
• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

to deliver small scale samples from our pilot plant; 
to  commission,  start-up  and  initiate  production  at  our  demonstration  plant  to  advance  the  supply  chain 
qualification of our products;  
to complete the feasibility study; 
to complete the Final Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process; 
to conclude offtake agreements with high quality customers;  
to complete negotiations for the acquisition of certain land rights and access; and 
to reach a final investment decision by the end of 2022. 

We aim to establish the Chvaletice Manganese Project as a sustainable and reliable producer of exceptional quality 
battery raw materials to satisfy the needs of producers of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles, as well as those 
of other high-technology applications.  We remain committed to seizing this unprecedented commercial opportunity 
in  an  effective,  efficient  and  prudent  manner,  while  adhering  to  the  best  practices  in  corporate  governance, 
application of technology, environmental excellence and social responsibility. 

We  would  like  to  express  our  gratitude  to  our  employees,  fellow  directors,  shareholders,  national  and  local 
governments,  community  members,  partners,  suppliers,  prospective  customers  and  other  stakeholders  for  their 
support over the past year. We look forward to a positive, healthy and productive 2022.  

Yours faithfully,  

(Signed) “John Webster” 
Non-Executive Chairman 

3 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 

Financial Statements 

Management's Report………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..5 

Independent Auditor's Report…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position……………………………………………………………………………………………….…10 

Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss……………………………………………………………………………….11 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity…………..……………………………………………………………...12 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows……………………………………………………………………………………………………………13 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Note 1 - Nature of Operations ………………………………………..…………….………………………………………………………………….13 

Note 2 - Basis of Preparation………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………..13 

Note 3 - Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments .……………………….…………………………………………14 

Note 4 - Exploration and Evaluation Assets……………………………………………………………………………………………………….21 

Note 5 - Property and Equipment .……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………22 

Note 6 – EPCS Option and Other Assets…..………………………………………………………….…………………………………………….23 
Note 7 – Government Loan…….……………….………………………………………………………….…………………………………………….25 
Note 8 – Equity ……………………………………….………………………………………………………….…………………………………………….25 

Note 9 – Related Party Transactions………………….……………………….…………..………………………………………………………..29 

Note 10 –Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments……………..……………………………………………………………..29 

Note 11 – Financial Risk Management………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………..30 

Note 12 – Segmented Information………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………….31 

Note 13 – Commitments..............……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..31 

Note 14 – Supplemental Cash Flow Information …………………………………………………………………………..………………….32 

Note 15 – Management of Capital…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….32 

Note 16 – Income Taxes……………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………..33 

4 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Responsibility for Financial Reporting 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Euro Manganese Inc. (the  "Company") were prepared by 
management  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  issued  by  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board. Management acknowledges responsibility for the preparation and presentation of the 
consolidated financial statements, including responsibility for significant accounting judgments and estimates and 
the  choice  of  accounting  principles  and  methods  that  are  appropriate  to  the  Company’s  circumstances.  The 
significant accounting policies of the Company are summarized in Note 3 to these consolidated financial statements. 

Management  has  established  processes  that  are  in  place  to  provide  management  with  sufficient  knowledge  to 
support its opinion that it has exercised reasonable diligence such that (i) the consolidated financial statements do 
not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated or that is 
necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it is made, as of the date of 
and for the periods presented by the consolidated financial statements and (ii) the consolidated financial statements 
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, the results of operations and cash flows of the Company, 
as of the date and for the period presented by the consolidated financial statements. 

The Board of Directors is responsible for reviewing and approving the consolidated financial statements together 
with other financial information of the Company and for ensuring that management fulfills its financial reporting 
responsibilities. 

Management  recognizes  its  responsibility  for  conducting  the  Company’s  affairs  in  compliance  with  established 
financial  standards,  applicable  laws  and  regulations,  and  for  maintaining  proper  standards  of  conduct  for  its 
activities. 

16 December 2021 

(Signed) “Marco Romero”  

(Signed) “Martina Blahova” 

President and Chief Executive Officer 

Chief Financial Officer 

5 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report 

To the Shareholders of Euro Manganese Inc. 

Our opinion 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, 
the financial position of Euro Manganese Inc. and its subsidiary (together, the Company) as at 
September 30, 2021 and 2020, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the years then ended 
in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). 

What we have audited 
The Company’s consolidated financial statements comprise: 











the consolidated statements of financial position as at September 30, 2021 and 2020;

the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss for the years then ended;

the consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity for the years then ended;

the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended; and

the notes to the consolidated financial statements, which include significant accounting policies and
other explanatory information.

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of 
the consolidated financial statements section of our report. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 

Independence 
We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements in Canada. We have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities 
in accordance with these requirements. 

Other information 

Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis and the information, other than the consolidated financial statements and our 
auditor’s report thereon, included in the annual report. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
PricewaterhouseCoopers Place, 250 Howe Street, Suite 1400, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 3S7 
T: +1 604 806 7000, F: +1 604 806 7806 

“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 

6 | P a g e

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other 
information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or 
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the 
consolidated financial statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS, and for such internal control as management determines is 
necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate 
the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting 
process.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as 
a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s 
report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a 
guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards 
will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and 
are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards, we exercise 
professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 



Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements,
whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and
obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of
not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error,

7 | P a g e

as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of 
internal control. 

 Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures

that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control.



Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting
estimates and related disclosures made by management.

 Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and,
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report
to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are
inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to
the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to
cease to continue as a going concern.



Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements,
including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying
transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

 Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or
business activities within the Company to express an opinion on the consolidated financial
statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We
remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope 
and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal 
control that we identify during our audit.  

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Lana Kirk. 

/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Chartered Professional Accountants 

Vancouver, British Columbia
December 16, 2021 

8 | P a g e

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

ASSETS 
Current assets 
Cash 
Prepaid expenses 
Accounts receivable 

Non-current assets 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Other assets 
Option 
Total assets 
LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Accounts payable 
Due to related parties 
Liability for land deposits 
Lease liability 
Liability for royalty buy back 

Non-current liabilities 
Lease liability 
Government loan 
Long term liability for land deposits 
Total liabilities 

EQUITY 
Share capital 
Equity reserve 
Deficit 
Total equity 

Note 

September 30, 2021  September 30, 2020 

$  

$ 

31,218,582 

364,894 

179,334 
31,762,810 

6,693,544 

2,737,162 

507,598 

1,634,576 
43,335,690 

854,884 

48,801 

82,152 

122,674 

4,576,367 
5,684,878 

165,484 

— 

82,152 
5,932,514 

2,730,739 

378,378 

30,084 
3,139,201 

1,249,086 

364,688 

239,534 

815,000 
5,807,509 

169,662 

20,717 
— 
27,110 
— 
217,489 

— 
40,000 
— 
257,489 

67,498,015 

5,096,807 
(35,191,646) 
37,403,176 

28,608,578 

2,592,667 
(25,651,225) 
5,550,020 

4 
5 
6 
6 

9 
6 

4 

7 
6 

8 

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 

43,335,690 

5,807,509 

Approved on behalf of the Board of Directors on December 16, 2021 

"Marco Romero" 

Marco Romero, Director  

"John Webster" 

John Webster, Director 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

9 | P a g e

Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Project evaluation expenses 

Engineering 
Remuneration 
Share-based compensation 
Drilling, sampling and surveys 
Metallurgical 
Travel 
Legal and professional fees 
Geological 
Market studies 
Supplies and rentals 

Other expenses 
Remuneration 
Share-based compensation 
Total remuneration 
Legal and professional fees 
Investor relations 
Product sales and marketing 
Travel 
Filing and compliance fees 
Accretion expense 
Office, general and administrative 
Insurance 
Conferences 
Depreciation 
Foreign exchange 

Loss and comprehensive loss for the year 

Year ended September 30, 

2021    
$  

2020    
$  

2,981,762    
781,625    
415,733    
133,460    
—    
13,118    
373,581    
121,894    
96,009    
33,292    
4,950,474    

1,532,023    
417,721    
1,949,744    
751,928    
605,627    
130,319    
17,414    
400,564    
20,718    
156,877    
119,088    
39,603    
103,375    
294,690    
4,589,947    
9,540,421    

1,663,702    
943,624    
138,104    
3,690    
41,408    
63,782    
154,542    
78,887    
83,043    
27,179    
3,197,961    

1,022,307    
271,707    
1,294,014    
566,811    
227,713    
284,033    
83,906    
293,209    
102,035    
91,054    
109,421    
27,813    
71,928    
25,595    
3,177,532    
6,375,493    

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic and 
diluted 
Basic and diluted loss per common share 

337,294,064   

190,921,092   

$0.03  

$0.03  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

10 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

Balance at September 30, 2019 
Shares issued in private placement, net of expenses 
Shares issued as payment of services 
Shares issued as repayment of deferred consideration 
Share-based compensation 
Loss and comprehensive loss for the period 

Balance at September 30, 2020 
Shares issued in private placement, net of expenses 
Options exercised 
Warrants exercised 
Warrants issued in private placement 
Deferred share consideration 
Share-based compensation 
Loss and comprehensive loss for the period 

Attributable to equity shareholders of the Company 

Share Capital 

Share Capital 

Equity Reserves 

Deficit 

Shareholders'  
Equity (Deficit) 

Note 

# 

175,065,435    
72,818,494    
6,945,625    
3,333,333    
—    
—    
83,097,452    

258,162,887    
110,444,445    
3,119,333    
5,756,750    
—    
—    
—    
—    
119,320,528    

8d) 

$  
22,973,236    
4,543,278    
792,064    
300,000    
—    
—    
5,635,342    

28,608,578    
37,822,210    
869,404    
2,448,595    
(2,250,772)   
—    
—    
—    
38,889,437    

$  
2,182,856    
—    
—    
—    
409,811    
—    
409,811    

2,592,667    
—    
(354,028)   
(504,070)   
2,250,772    
278,012    
833,454    
—    
2,504,140    

$  
(19,275,732)   
—    
—    
—    
—    
(6,375,493)   
(6,375,493)   

(25,651,225)   
—    
—    
—    
—    
—    
—    
(9,540,421)   
(9,540,421)   

$  
5,880,360    
4,543,278    
792,064    
300,000    
409,811    
(6,375,493)   
(330,340)   

5,550,020    
37,822,210    
515,376    
1,944,525    
—    
278,012    
833,454    
(9,540,421)   
31,853,156    

Balance at September 30, 2021 

377,483,415    

67,498,015    

5,096,807    

(35,191,646)   

37,403,176    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

11 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

(unaudited) 

Operating activities 

Net loss for the year 
Less non-cash transactions: 
Share-based compensation 

Shares issued for services 
Depreciation 
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 
Lease liability accretion 

Accretion expense 
Non-cash foreign exchange loss 
Other income 

Changes in non-cash working capital items: 

Accounts payable 
Accounts receivable 
Prepaid expenses 

Due to related parties 

Cash used in operating activities 

Financing activities 

Common shares issued for cash 
Share issue costs paid 
Share subscriptions received 
Exercise of warrants 

Exercise of stock options 
Lease principal and interest payments 
(Repayment of) Proceeds from government loan 

Cash generated from financing activities 

Investing activities 

Property & equipment acquisition 

Proceeds from sale of equipment 
Payment for royalty buy back 
Option, deposit for land and land acquisition 

Cash used in investing activities 

Increase (decrease) in Cash 

Cash - beginning of year 
Cash - end of year 

Supplemental cash flow information (Note 14) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Note 

Year ended September 30, 
2021   
2020    
$  
$  

(9,540,421)   

(6,375,493)   

833,454    
—    
103,375    
1,176    
20,718    
—    
241,053    
(9,651)   
(8,350,296)   

682,290    
(149,250)   
13,484    
28,084    
(7,775,688)   

40,149,390    
(2,327,180)   
278,012    
1,944,525    
515,376    
(99,260)   
(30,000)   
40,430,863    

(2,120,251)   
—    
(1,105,698)   
(941,383)   
(4,167,332)   

409,811    

535,368    
71,928    
—    
77,873    

24,162    
—    
(46,571)   

(5,302,922)   

(412,060)   
15,064    
34,485    

(149,901)   
(5,815,334)   

4,543,278    
—    
—    
—    

—    
(111,289)   
40,000    

4,471,989    

(4,317)   

447    
—    
(6,740)   

(10,610)   

28,487,843    

(1,353,955)   

2,730,739    
31,218,582    

4,084,694    

2,730,739    

12 | P a g e  

8 
8 
8 
8 

8 

8 

5 

4 
5,6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
1.  Nature of Operations and Liquidity 

Euro Manganese Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated under the British Columbia Business Corporations Act on November 
24, 2014. The Company’s common shares are traded on the TSX Venture Exchange ("TSX-V") and CHESS Depository Interests 
("CDIs", with each CDI representing one common share) are traded on the Australia Securities Exchange ("ASX"), under the 
symbols "EMN.V" and "EMN.AX", respectively. On June 15, 2021, the Company's shares started trading on the OTC Best 
Market  ("OTCQX") under the symbol "EUMNF". The Company is focused on the development  of the Chvaletice deposit, 
which involves the re-processing of a readily leachable manganese deposit hosted in the tailings of a decommissioned mine 
in the Czech Republic (the “Chvaletice Manganese Project”), for the production of high-purity electrolytic manganese metal 
(“HPEMM”),  high-purity  manganese  sulphate  monohydrate  (“HPMSM”)  and  other  high-purity  manganese  products, 
principally for use in lithium-ion batteries. 

The  Company’s  corporate  offices  are  located  at  700  West  Pender  Street,  Suite  709,  Vancouver,  B.C.,  Canada,  and  its 
registered offices are located at Suite 1700, 666 Burrard Street, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  a  going  concern  basis  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the 
normal course of business.  

The Company is an early-stage resource development company that does not own any properties with established reserves 
and has no operating revenues. Further, there is no assurance that the evaluation and acquisition activities executed or 
planned by the Company for the Chvaletice Manganese Project will result in the development of a profitable commercial 
operation.  The  Company  will  most  likely  continue  to  operate  at  a  loss  while  the  Company  is  evaluating  the  Chvaletice 
Manganese Project and planning its potential development. 

The Company continues to actively monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the impact on economic activity 
and on the Chvaletice Manganese Project. Throughout the pandemic, the Company has taken a number of measures to 
safeguard  the  health  of  its  employees  while  continuing  to  advance  work  related  to  the  Project.  The  Company  has 
experienced delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic, largely as a result of travel restrictions and supply chain disruptions. 
Despite the easing of certain travel restrictions and some improvement in the global economy during 2021, the duration of 
the pandemic and its impact on the Company’s ability to progress the development of its project remain uncertain, especially 
in light of the recent surge in OCID-19 cases in the Czech Republic.  Additionally, while productivity has seen improvements 
in recent months in part due to widespread vaccinations, the COVID-19 Delta variant outbreak and the newly-discovered 
Omicron variant may result in new or extended travel restrictions being implemented which could further impact the Project 
schedule. 

2.  Basis of Preparation 

2.1 Statement of compliance 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRS  as  issued  by  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board. The accounting policies presented in Note 3 were consistently applied to all periods presented. 

These consolidated financial  statements were prepared by management  and approved by the Board of Directors of the 
Company (the “Board”) on December 16, 2021. 

2.2 Basis of measurement 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  using  the  accrual  basis  of  accounting  except  for  cash flow 
information. In addition, these consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis. 

13 | P a g e  

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

2.  Basis of Preparation (continued) 

2.3 Basis of consolidation 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the  accounts  of  the  Company  and  the  entity  controlled  by  the 
Company. The Company controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with 
the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. The consolidated financial statements 
include the accounts of the Company's subsidiaries from the date of control commences until the date that control ceases. 
The  financial  statements  of  its  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Mangan  Chvaletice  s.r.o.  ("Mangan"),  are  included  in  the 
consolidated financial statements for both periods presented. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have 
been eliminated. 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments 

3.1 Foreign currency translation 

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars, which is the functional currency of the Company 
and its subsidiary. 

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the Company’s functional currency at the exchange rate at the 
date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional 
currency rate of exchange prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms 
of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-
monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when fair 
value is determined. All gains and losses on translation of these foreign currency transactions are included in profit or loss. 

3.2 Mineral exploration and evaluation costs 

Mineral exploration and evaluation costs include costs to acquire the rights to explore, geological studies, exploratory drilling 
and sampling, and directly attributable management costs. 

Exploration and evaluation costs that are incurred prior to the Company obtaining a material legal interest in a property, 
are  expensed  in  the  period  incurred.  In  addition,  exploration  and  evaluation  costs,  other  than  direct  acquisition  costs, 
incurred prior to management establishing that the resource exists and that the costs can be economically recovered, are 
expensed in the period incurred. 

Exploration and evaluation costs are capitalized as mineral interests when the technical feasibility and commercial viability 
of the extraction of a mineral resource of a property has been determined. 

Therefore, prior to capitalizing such costs, management determines that the following conditions have been met: 

a)  There is a probable future benefit that will contribute to future cash inflows; 

b)  The Company can obtain the benefit and control access to it; and 

c)  The transaction or event giving rise to the benefit has already occurred. 

Once the technical feasibility and commercial viability of a property has been determined, the exploration and evaluation 
assets are first tested for impairment, and then reclassified as a mineral project cost within property, plant and equipment.  

14 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

The capitalized costs of a producing mineral project are amortized on a unit-of-production basis over the estimated ore 
reserves of the project. Costs incurred after a project is placed into production that increase production volumes or extend 
the life of the project are capitalized. 

Proceeds  from  the  sale  of  properties  or  projects,  or  cash  proceeds  received  from  option  payments,  are  recorded  as  a 
reduction of the cost of the related mineral interest. 

3.3 Impairment of non-financial assets 

At  each  financial  position  reporting  date,  the  carrying  amounts  of  the  Company’s  non-current  non-financial  assets  are 
reviewed  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  that  those  assets  are  impaired.  If  any  indication  exists,  the 
recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment. The recoverable amount 
is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and the value in use. Fair value is determined as the amount that would be 
obtained from the sale of the asset in an arms-length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties. In assessing 
value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects 
the prevailing market assessment of the time-value of money and the risks specific to the asset. Future cash flows are based 
on forecast estimates of production, product prices, and operating, capital, and reclamation costs.  

Assumptions  underlying  future  cash  flow  estimates  are  subject  to  risks  and  uncertainties.  Any  differences  between 
assumptions  used  and  actual  market  conditions  and  the  Company’s  performance,  could  have  a  material  effect  on  the 
Company’s financial position and results of operations. 

Impairment is normally assessed at the level of cash generating units, which are identified as the smallest identifiable group 
of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets. 

If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset is 
reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is recognized in the statement of comprehensive loss for the 
period. 

When an impairment loss reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable 
amount,  provided  such  revised  estimate  may  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  prior  to  the  recognition  of 
impairment losses recorded in previous periods. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in the statement 
of comprehensive loss. 

3.4 Property and equipment 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost 
includes expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. The carrying amount of a replaced asset 
is derecognized when replaced. Information technology hardware and software, and equipment and furniture are amortized 
on a straight-line basis over three years. Land is not depreciated. 

The  Company  allocates  the  amount  initially  recognized  in  respect  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  to  its 
significant parts and separately depreciates each such part. Residual values, method of amortization, and useful lives of the 
assets are reviewed annually and adjusted if appropriate. Gains and losses on disposals of property, plant and equipment 
are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount of the asset and are included as part of other gains 
and losses in the statement of comprehensive loss. 

15 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

3.5 Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits held with financial institutions and other short-term, highly liquid 
investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and 
subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. There were no cash equivalents at September 30, 2021, and 2020. 

3.6 Share and warrant based compensation 

a)  Options - Share-based payments to employees are measured at the fair value of the instruments issued and amortized 
over  the  vesting  periods.  Share-based  payments  to  non-employees  are  measured  at  the  fair  value  of  goods  or  services 
received or the fair value of equity instruments issued. If it is determined the fair value of the goods and services cannot be 
reliably measured and are recorded at the date of the goods or services are received. The corresponding amount is recorded 
to the option reserves.  

The  fair  value  of  the  options  is  determined  using  the  Black-Scholes  Option  Pricing  Model  or  when  they  are  issued  in 
settlement  of  compensation,  measured  at  the  fair  value  of  the  services  rendered.  The  number  of  shares  and  options 
expected to vest is reviewed and adjusted at the end of each reporting period such that the amount recognized for services 
received  as  consideration  for  the  equity  instruments  granted  shall  be  based  on  the  number  of  equity  instruments  that 
eventually vest (Note 9(b)). 

b)  Warrants - Warrant-issued payments as part of financing efforts are measured, at the time of issue, at the fair value of 
the services rendered, or, if the value of the services rendered is not determinable, using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing 
Model. 

3.7 Income taxes 

Income tax comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognized in the statement of comprehensive loss except to 
the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case the income tax is also recognized directly in 
equity. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable or recoverable on the taxable income for the period, using tax rates enacted or 
substantially enacted at the end of the reporting period. 

In  general,  deferred  tax  is  recognized  in  respect  of  temporary  differences  arising  between  the  tax  bases  of  assets  and 
liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Deferred  tax  is  determined  on  a  non-
discounted basis using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted at the statement  of financial 
position date and are expected to apply when the deferred tax asset or liability is settled. Deferred tax assets are recognized 
to the extent that it is probable that the assets will be recovered.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities, where recognized, are 
presented as non-current. 

16 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

3.8 Financial instruments 

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, receivables, accounts payable, due to related parties and  liabilities 
for royalty buy back and land deposits. Cash and receivables are classified as loans and receivables. Accounts payable, due 
to related parties and liabilities for royalty buy back and land deposits are classified as other financial liabilities. 

i)  Classification 

Classification of financial instruments is determined at initial recognition. 

A  financial  asset  is  classified  as  measured  at:  amortized  cost,  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income 
("FVOCI") or fair value through profit or loss ("FVTPL"). The classification of financial assets is generally based on 
the  business  model  in  which  a  financial  asset  is  managed  and  its  contractual  cash  flow  characteristics.  The 
derivatives  embedded  in  contracts  where  the  host  is  a  financial  asset  in  the  scope  of  the  standard  are  never 
separated. Instead, the hybrid financial instrument as a whole is assessed for classification. Payments made to 
date to purchase the shares of E.P. Chvaletice s.r.o. ("EPCS") are classified as FVTPL (Note 6). The Company's cash 
and accounts receivable are classified as measured at amortized cost. 

A financial liability is measured at amortized cost, unless it is required to be measured at FVTPL such as instruments 
held for trading or derivatives, or the Company opted to measure the liability as FVTPL. The Company's accounts 
payable, due to related parties and liabilities for royalty buy back and land deposits are classified as measured at 
amortized cost. 

ii)  Measurement 

Financial assets and liabilities at FVTPL - Financial assets and liabilities at FVTPL are initially recognized at fair value 
and transaction costs are expensed in the consolidated statement of income. Realized and unrealized gains and 
losses arising from changes in the fair value of the financial assets or liabilities held at FVTPL are included in the 
consolidated statement of loss in the period in which they arise. Where the Company has opted to designate a 
financial liability at FVTPL, any changes associated with the Company's own credit risk will be recognized in other 
comprehensive income ("OCI"). 

Financial assets at FVOCI - Investments in equity instruments at FVOCI are initially recognized at fair value plus 
transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair value, with gains and losses arising from changes from 
initial recognition recognized in OCI. 

Financial  assets  and  liabilities  at  amortized  cost  -  Financial  assets  and  liabilities  at  amortized  cost  are  initially 
recognized at fair value, and subsequently carried at amortized cost less any impairment. 

iii)  Impairment of financial assets  

An expected credit loss ("ECL") model applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, contract assets and 
debt investments at FVOCI, but not to investments in equity instruments.  

The application of the simplified approach to measuring the ECL, uses a lifetime expected loss allowance for all 
trade receivables. This has no impact on the carrying amounts of the Company's financial assets given the accounts 
receivable are mostly taxes receivable and therefore outside of scope of IFRS 9. 

17 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

iv)  Derecognition 

Financial assets are derecognized when the investments mature or are sold, and substantially all the risks and 
rewards of ownership have been transferred. A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the 
liability is discharged, canceled or expired. Gains and losses on derecognition are recognized within finance income 
and finance costs, respectively. Gains or losses on financial assets classified as FVOCI remain within accumulated 
OCI. 

v)  Fair value of financial instruments 

The fair values of quoted investments are based on current prices. If the market for a financial asset is not active, 
the Company establishes fair value by using valuation techniques. These include the use of recent arm’s length 
transactions, reference to other instruments that are substantially the same, discounted cash flow analysis, and 
option pricing models refined to reflect the financial asset’s specific circumstances. 

3.9 Leases 

At the inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease based on whether the 
contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To 
assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:  

• 

• 

• 

The  contract  involves  the  use  of  an  identified  asset  -  this  may  be  specified  explicitly  or  implicitly  and  should  be 
physically  distinct  or  represent  substantially  all  the  capacity  of  a  physically  distinct  asset.  If  the  supplier  has  a 
substantive substitution right, then the asset is not identified;  

The Company has the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from use of the asset throughout the 
period of use; and 

The Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Company has this right when it has the decision-making 
rights that are most relevant to changing how and for what purpose the asset is used.  

The Company recognizes a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The ROU asset 
is initially measured based on the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before 
the  commencement  date,  plus  any  initial  direct  costs  incurred  and  an  estimate  of  costs  to  dismantle  and  remove  the 
underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.  

The ROU assets are subsequently depreciated to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the ROU asset or the lease term 
using the straight-line method as this most closely reflects the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic 
benefits. The ROU asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of 
the lease liability. 

A lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement 
date discounted by the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the incremental 
borrowing rate. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise: fixed payments; variable lease payments that 
depend on an index or a rate; amounts expected to be payable under any residual value guarantee, and the exercise price 
under any purchase option that the Company would be reasonably certain to exercise; lease payments in any optional 
renewal period if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option; and penalties for any early termination 
of a lease unless the Company is reasonably certain not to terminate early. 

18 | P a g e  

 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

The Company elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of twelve 
months or less and leases of low-value assets. The lease payments associated with these leases are charged directly to the 
statement of loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 

3.10 Related party transactions 

Parties  are  related  if  one  party  has  the  ability,  directly  or  indirectly,  to  control  the  other  party  or  exercise  significant 
influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they 
are subject to common control. Related parties may be individuals or corporate entities. A transaction is a related party 
transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties. 

3.10 Loss per share 

Basic loss per share is calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. 
Diluted loss per share is calculated giving effect to the potential dilution that would occur if securities or other contracts to 
issue common shares were exercised or converted to common shares using the treasury stock method. If the Company 
incurs a net loss in a fiscal period, basic and diluted loss per share are the same. 

3.11 Asset Retirement Obligation 

An obligation to incur restoration, rehabilitation and environmental costs arises when environmental disturbance is caused 
by the exploration, development and ongoing production of a mineral interest by or on behalf of the Company. Costs for 
restoration of site damage which is created on an ongoing basis during exploration and evaluation are provided for at their 
net present values and charged against profits in the period such exploration and evaluation occurs. Discount rates using a 
risk-free  rate  that  reflects  the  time  value  of  money  are  used  to  calculate  the  net  present  value.  The  related  liability  is 
adjusted for each period for the unwinding of the discount rate and for changes to the current market-based discount rate, 
amount or timing of the underlying cash flows needed to settle the obligation. As at September 30, 2021 and 2020, the 
Company does not have any asset retirement obligations. 

3.12 Accounting for government grants and disclosure of government assistance 

A forgivable loan is treated as a government grant when there is reasonable assurance that the entity will meet the terms 
for forgiveness of the loan. The benefit of a government loan at a below-market rate of interest is treated as a government 
grant which is recognized and measured in accordance with IFRS 9 Financial instruments. The benefit of the below-market 
rate of interest is the difference between the initial carrying value of the loan, discounted over the term of the loan using 
the incremental borrowing rate for the Company, and the proceeds received. 

3.13 Recent accounting pronouncements 

Certain new standards, interpretations, amendments and improvements to existing standards were issued by the IASB 
were  issued  but  not  yet  adopted  by  the  Company.  The  Company  is  currently  assessing  the  impact  of  the  following 
pronouncements on the consolidated financial statements: 

Amendments to IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment ("IAS 16"): Proceeds before Intended Use prohibits deducting from 
the cost of property, plant and equipment amounts received from selling items produced while preparing the asset for its 
intended use. Instead, amounts received will be recognized as sales proceeds and the related cost in profit or loss. The 
effective date of the amendment is for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022. The amendment must be 
applied retrospectively to certain items of property.  

19 | P a g e  

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

3.  Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments (continued) 

Interest Rate Benchmark Reform  - Phase 2 (Amendments to IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, IAS 39 Financial Instruments: 
Recognition and Measurement, IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures, IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts and IFRS 16 Leases) 
with  amendments  that  address  issues  that  might  affect  financial  reporting  related  to  financial  instruments  and  hedge 
accounting resulting from the reform of an interest rate benchmark, including its replacement with alternative benchmark 
rates.  The  amendments  are  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2021  and  are  to  be  applied 
retrospectively. 

Amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes: Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction clarifies 
the accounting for deferred tax on transactions such as leases and decommissioning obligations by removing the initial 
recognition exemption for transactions in which equal amounts of deductible and taxable temporary differences arise on 
initial recognition. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.  

3.14 Critical Estimates and Judgments 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates that 
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the 
consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The 
estimates and the underlying assumptions are based on the judgment of management, including historical experience and 
other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. 

The  estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.  A  revision  to  an  accounting  estimate  is 
recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised, if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the 
revision and future periods if the revision affects both the current and future periods. 

The  following  are  critical  judgments  and  estimates  that  management  has  made  in  the  process  of  applying  accounting 
policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements: 

a)  Management is required to assess exploration and evaluation assets for impairment at each period end. The triggering 
events are defined in IFRS 6 Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources ("IFRS 6"). In making the assessment, 
management is required to make judgments as to whether impairment indicators exist when assessing the following 
factors: the period during which the entity has the right to explore in the specific area has expired during the year or 
will expire in the near future, substantive expenditure on further exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources 
in the specific area is neither budgeted nor planned, sufficient data exists to support that extracting the resources will 
not  be  technically  feasible  or  commercially  viable  and  facts  and  circumstances  suggest  that  the  carrying  amount 
exceeds the recoverable amount. The nature of exploration and evaluation activity is such that only a small proportion 
of projects are ultimately successful, and some assets are likely to become impaired in future periods. 

Management has determined that there were no triggering events present as defined in IFRS 6 for the exploration and 
evaluation assets and as such, no impairment test was performed at September 30, 2021 and 2020. 

b)  The Company applied significant judgment in determining the fair value of the option payments made pursuant to an 
option agreement  with EPCS  ("EPCS Option Agreement") and their classification as a  financial instrument  at FVTPL 
(Note 6), including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company and the Project. 

20 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

4.  Exploration and Evaluation Assets 

The Company holds two exploration licenses for the Chvaletice Manganese Project (the “Licenses”). The Company was also 
issued a Preliminary Mining Permit by the Czech Ministry of Environment, referred to by the Ministry as the prior consent 
of the establishment of the Mining Lease District (the "Preliminary Mining Permit"). The Preliminary Mining Permit covers 
the areas included in Licenses and secures the Company's rights for the entire deposit. The Preliminary Mining Permit forms 
one of the prerequisites for the application for the establishment of the Mining Lease District and represents one of the 
key steps towards final permitting for the Project. The establishment of the Mining Lease District, the application for the 
final Mining Permit, and applications for permits relating to the construction of infrastructure required for the Project, are 
required prior to operation at the Chvaletice Manganese Project. At September 30, 2021, the Licenses and the Preliminary 
Mining Permit were both valid until May 31, 2026. 

The acquisition of Mangan included the grant of a 1.2% net smelter royalty interest ("NSR") and the issue, over a four-year 
period, of common shares of the Company in five equal tranches, each valued at $300,000. 

On  May  31,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  royalty  termination  agreements  with  the  original  owners  of  Mangan  to 
purchase and extinguish the NSR in the Chvaletice Manganese Project  for an aggregate consideration of USD4,500,000 
($5,424,458), payable in two instalments: 20% in cash, amounting to USD900,000 ($1,085,698) which was paid May 31, 
2021; and 80%, amounting to USD3,600,000 ($4,338,760), on or before January 31, 2022, by a combination of cash and up 
to 50% in common shares, at the sole option of the Company, based on a price per share equal  to the 20-day volume 
weighted average price on the TSX-V prior to the date of issuance. The Company also incurred $20,000 in transaction costs. 
The liability for the royalty buy back increased to $4,576,367 at September 30, 2021 due to the movement in the foreign 
exchange rate. 

The total carrying value of the Company’s exploration and evaluation assets of $6,693,544 also includes the fair value of 
the initial share consideration following the acquisition date of Mangan on May 13, 2016, as well as the discounted value 
of  the  deferred  share  consideration,  as  determined  by  the  Company  on  the  acquisition  date,  totaling  $1,249,086.  The 
deferred consideration was fully settled on May 13, 2020. 

21 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

5.  Property and Equipment 

September 30, 2021 

Assets under 
construction (a) 

Equipment 

Land 

Lease assets (b) 

Total 

$  

$   

$   

$    

$   

—    
2,064,835    
—    
2,064,835    

85,755    
33,357    
(6,609)   
112,503    

318,729    
14,602    

333,331    

50,665    
364,231    
(50,665)   
364,231    

455,149    
2,477,025    
(57,274)   
2,874,900    

—    
—    
—    
—    

(58,080)   
(26,659)   
5,433      
(79,306)   

—    
—    

—    

(32,381)   
(76,716)   
50,665    
(58,432)   

(90,461)   
(103,375)   
56,098    
(137,738)   

Cost 
October 1, 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 
September 30, 2021 

Accumulated depreciation 
October 1, 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 
September 30, 2021 

Net Book Value 
October 1, 2020 
September 30, 2021 
a)  Represents demonstration plant under construction. 
b) 

—    
2,064,835    

27,675    
33,197    

318,729    
333,331    

18,284    
305,799    

364,688    
2,737,162    

Includes head office lease in Canada and lease of premises for the demonstration plant in the Czech Republic, expiring in 
December 2023 and August 2023, respectively. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate for lease liabilities at 
recognition was 8%. 

22 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

5.  Property and Equipment (continued) 

Cost 

October 1, 2019 

Adoption of IFRS 16 

Additions 

Disposals and adjustments 
September 30, 2020 

Accumulated depreciation 

October 1, 2019 

Additions 

Disposals 
September 30, 2020 

Net Book Value 

October 1, 2019 
September 30, 2020 

6.  EPCS Option and Other Assets 

a)  Option 

September 30, 2020 

Equipment 

Land 

Lease assets 

Total 

$   

$   

$   

$   

82,447    

318,729    

—    

401,176    

—    

4,317    

(1,009)   
85,755    

(32,224)   

(26,417)   

561    
(58,080)   

—    

—    

—    
318,729    

—    

—    

—    
—    

97,781    

4,827    

(51,943)   
50,665    

—    

(45,511)   

13,130    
(32,381)   

97,781    

9,144    

(52,952)   
455,149    

(32,224)   

(71,928)   

13,691    
(90,461)   

50,223    
27,675    

318,729    
318,729    

—    
18,284    

368,952    
364,688    

On October 17, 2018, the Company, through its Czech subsidiary, Mangan, made the first option payment of 14 million 
Czech Koruna ($815,000) as stipulated in an option agreement for the purchase of a 100% interest in EP Chvaletice s.r.o. 
("EPCS") dated on August 13, 2018 ("EPCS Option Agreement"). EPCS is a Czech operating company whose principal asset 
is a large parcel of industrial zoned land adjacent to the Chvaletice Manganese Project, where the Company proposes to 
develop its high-purity manganese processing facility. On August 13, 2021, the Company exercised the option to extend 
the payment term of the following instalments by one year. As part of this extension, the Company made a payment of 14 
million Czech Koruna ($819,576) to EPCS, which represents a portion of the final instalment. The fee for the extension is 
2,100,000 Czech Koruna (approximately $121,472), payable together with the deferred instalment in 2022.  

Pursuant to the EPCS Option Agreement, the Company, after exercising the option to extend the payment terms, has the 
right  to  acquire  a  100%  interest  in  EPCS  by  making  two  additional  instalments  aggregating  112  million  Czech  Koruna 
(approximately $6.48 million) as follows: 

i. 

an instalment of 42,000,000 Czech Koruna (approximately $2.43 million at September 30, 2021), due within 60 
days of final approval of the environmental impact assessment for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, but no later 
than on August 13, 2022, four years after signing the EPCS Option Agreement, which was extended from three 
years following the extension described above; and 

23 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
6.  EPCS Option and Other Assets (continued) 

ii.  a final instalment of 70,000,000 Czech Koruna (approximately $4.05 million at September 30, 2021), due upon 
receipt of all development permits for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, but no later than five years after signing 
the EPCS Option Agreement. 

The first and second payments made on October 17, 2018, and August 13, 2021, respectively, are  derivatives classified as 
FVTPL due to the following: 

i. 
ii. 

The option is for the acquisition of shares of EPCS rather than a non-monetary asset; 
It  does  not  meet  any  of  the  scope  exceptions  from  recognition  as  a  derivative  asset  under  IFRS  9  Financial 
Instruments; 

iii.  Control  of  the  Company  over  EPCS  is  not  present  until  the  last  option  payment  is  made.  The  remaining  two 
payments are dependent on the Board's approval and are not legally enforceable by the shareholder of EPCS.  

For the year ended September 30, 2021, the fair value of the option increased by the $819,576 payment made to the EPCS 
on August 13, 2021. There were no other changes in the fair value of the option in the year ended September 30, 2020. 

b)  Other assets 

Other assets, representing additional land purchases and land option agreements, are as follows: 

Miscellaneous land parcels and second railway switch (plant area) 
Land for buffer zone and infrastructure corridor (tailings area) 
Additional land and rail spur extension (plant area) 
Balance at September 30, 2021 

September 30, 

2021    
$     
227,667    
11,867    
268,064    
507,598    

2020    
$   
227,667    
11,867    
—    
239,534    

a) 
b) 
c) 

a)  On February 7, 2019, the Company signed an amendment to the EPCS Option Agreement (the “Amendment”), 
funding,  through  EPCS,  the  purchase  of  several  land  parcels  adjacent  to  the  land  owned  by  EPCS,  and  thus 
increasing the Option Agreement value by 3,500,000 Czech Koruna ($203,220). Pursuant to the Amendment, in 
the event that EPCS is not ultimately acquired under the EPCS Option Agreement, the ownership of these land 
parcels  will  be  transferred  to  Mangan  at  no  additional  cost.  The  Company  also  incurred  transaction  costs  of 
$24,447.  

b)  On May 11, 2019, the Company signed a purchase contract with the Municipality of Trnavka for a 2.96-hectare 
parcel of land adjacent to the Chvaletice Manganese Project tailings, on which the Company plans to construct a 
visual and acoustic barrier between Trnavka and the Chvaletice Manganese Project tailings. The first payment, 
representing 10% of the total amount, 202,699 Czech Koruna ($11,867) was paid on May 20, 2019. Subsequent 
payments are based on permitting milestones over the period to March 2029. 

c)  On December 18, 2020, the Company paid the first installment of $86,373 pursuant to the agreement with Sprava 
Nemovitosti Kirchdorfer CZ s.r.o. to acquire a 49,971 m² parcel of land, including a rail spur extension that provides 
additional room and flexibility for the proposed Chvaletice commercial plant layout. The cost of the land is CZK 
18,739,125 (approximately $1.1 million) and is to be paid in five annual installments of approximately $80,000, 
followed by the remaining balance of approximately $700,000 in the final year. The Company has the option to 
terminate the contract after the third installment in October 2022. During the year, the Company recognized a 
liability for the two payments due in October 2021 and 2022 in the total amount of $160,857, which increased to 
$164,304  at  September  30,  2021  due  to  the  change  in  the  foreign  exchange  rate.  The  Company  also  incurred 
transaction costs of $20,834. 

24 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

7.  Government loan 

On April 23, 2020, the Company received, through its Canadian banking institution, $40,000 from the Canada Emergency 
Business Account, which provides support for Canadian business during COVID-19 pandemic. The loan was interest-free 
until December 31, 2022, after which it would convert into a three-year loan with an interest rate of 5% per annum. If 75% 
of the principal was repaid before December 31, 2022, the remainder of the loan would be forgiven. The loan proceeds 
received approximated the fair value. Accordingly, the loan was recorded at its nominal value. The Company repaid the 
loan on April 6, 2021, with a gain on repayment of $10,000.  

8.  Equity 

a)  Common shares 

The Company has unlimited authorized common shares with no par value. 

Balance at October 1, 2020 
Shares issued in private placements 

Less: Cash expenses paid 

Add: 

Options exercised 
Broker warrants exercised 

Total shares issued for cash 

Less: non-cash expenses: 
Broker warrants issued 

Add: 

Non-cash value of exercised options 
Non-cash value of exercised broker warrants 

Balance at September 30, 2021 

(a) Includes 58,066,754 CDIs issued for AUD0.20 per CDI. 
(b) All 50,000,000 CDIs were issued for AUD0.60 per CDI. 

Share price 
$    

0.19     (a) 
0.45     
0.58     (b) 

0.17     
0.34     

Number of  
common shares 

258,162,887 

60,000,000    
444,445    

50,000,000    

110,444,445 

3,119,333    
5,756,750    
119,320,528    

377,483,415 

Share capital 

$   
28,608,578    

11,339,829    
200,000    

28,609,561    
(2,327,180)   

37,822,210    

515,376    
1,944,525    
40,282,111    

(2,250,772)   

354,028    
504,070    
67,498,015 

The following is a summary of shares issued during the year ended September 30, 2021:  

During the three months ended December 31, 2020, the Company completed a two-tranche brokered private placement 
of 1,933,246 common shares and 58,066,754 CDIs, at a price of $0.19 per common share or AUD0.20 per CDI, respectively 
for  aggregate  gross  proceeds  of  $11,339,829  ("Offering  A").  Fees  payable  in  cash  by  the  Company  in  connection  with 
Offering  A  consisted  of  AUD571,568  ($547,990)  to  the  lead  manager  and  bookrunner  and  $119,557  to  the  Company's 
financial advisor. Additionally, the lead manager was issued 6,000,000 broker warrants exercisable any time on or prior to 
December 16, 2023, with one-half of such broker warrants having an exercise price of $0.30 per share and one-half of such 
broker warrants having an exercise price of $0.35 per share. 

25 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

8.  Equity (continued) 

On January 7, 2021, the Company closed a non-brokered private placement consisting of 444,445 common shares at a price 
of $0.45 per common share for proceeds of $200,000. 

On  March  30,  2021,  and  May  10,  2021,  the  Company  completed  the  first  and second  tranches,  respectively,  of  a  two-
tranche brokered private placement of 50,000,000 CDIs, at a price of AUD0.60 per CDI for aggregate gross proceeds of 
AUD30,000,000 ($28,609,561) ("Offering B"). Fees payable in cash by the Company in connection with Offering B consisted 
of  AUD1,470,930  ($1,403,060)  to  the  lead  manager  and  bookrunner  and  $27,995  to  the  Company's  financial  advisor. 
Additionally,  the  lead  manager  was  issued  2,500,000  broker  warrants  having  an  exercise  price  of  $0.58  per  share  and 
exercisable any time on or prior to May 10, 2023.  

The Company incurred additional share issue costs of $228,578 in connection with the private placements. 

b)  Share options 

The Company has a rolling share-based compensation plan (the “Plan”) allowing for the reservation of a maximum 10% of 
the common shares issued and outstanding at any given time for issuance under the Plan. Under the Plan, all share options 
are granted at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors. The term of any option granted may not exceed ten 
years and the exercise price may not be less than the market value of the Company shares. 

Current outstanding options have an expiry date of ten years and vest over a period of 24 months, except for 900,000 
options granted to certain officers of the Company which vest in 5 years from the date of grant and 350,000 options granted 
to a consultant, vesting one-third on the date of grant and one-third on each of the four- and eight-month anniversaries of 
the date of grant. A continuity summary of the share options granted and outstanding under the Plan for the year ended 
September 30, 2021 and 2020 is presented below: 

Year ended September 30, 

2021 
Weighted  
average  
exercise price    
($/per share) 
0.16    

0.59    

0.17    

0.28    

0.20    

0.23    

Number of  
share options 

15,500,000    

4,800,000    

—    

(575,000)   

—    

19,725,000    

2020 
Weighted 
average  

exercise price     
($/per share) 
0.17    

0.12    

—    

0.10    

—    

0.16    

Number of  
share options 

19,725,000    
2,850,000    
(3,119,333)   
(300,002)   
(184,667)   
18,970,998    

Balance, beginning of the year 

Options granted during the year 

Options exercised during the year 

Options expired 

Options forfeited 

Balance, end of the year 

During the year ended September 30, 2021 the Company recorded share-based compensation expense of $833,454 (2020 
- $409,811) of which $415,733 has been allocated to project expenses (2020 - $138,104) and $417,721 to administrative 
expenses (2020 - $271,707). During the year ended September 30, 2021, the weighted average share price on the dates 
when the share options were exercised, was $0.54 per share. 

26 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

8.  Equity (continued) 

The balance of options outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2021, is as follows: 

Options outstanding & exercisable 

Options exercisable 

Exercise price 
 ($/Share) 

Number of share 
options  

Weighted average 
remaining contractual 
life     (years) 

Number of share 
options 

Weighted average 
remaining contractual 
life     (years) 

0.08    
0.10    
0.11    
0.13    
0.20    
0.25    
0.28    
0.59    
0.61    
0.23    

1,425,000    
1,075,000    
6,687,667    
500,000    
2,925,000    
1,466,667    
2,041,664    
500,000    
2,350,000    
18,970,998    

4.6    
5.5    
7.7    
9.0    
6.4    
7.2    
7.4    
9.7    
9.5    
7.4    

1,425,000    
1,075,000    
5,405,003    
333,334    
2,925,000    
1,416,667    
2,041,664    
166,668    
600,003    
15,388,339    

4.6    
5.5    
7.4    
9.0    
6.4    
7.2    
7.4    
9.7    
9.5    
6.9    

Option pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. The expected life of the options considered such 
factors as the average length of time similar option grants in the past have remained outstanding prior to exercise and the 
vesting period of the grants. Volatility was estimated based on volatility assumptions of comparable companies. Changes 
in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the estimated fair value of the options. 

In the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company applied the fair  value-based method of accounting to 
determine the value of stock options granted to employees, including directors, and non-employees on the date of grant 
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: 

Risk free rate 
Expected life (years) 
Annualized volatility 
Dividend rate 
Forfeiture rate 
Option exercise price 
Grant date fair value 

Year ended September 30, 

2021 
0.16  % 
9.0 
90  % 
—  % 
—  % 
$0.59 
$0.49 

2020 
0.21  % 
9.0 
90  % 
—  % 
—  % 
$0.12 
$0.08 

27 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 
8.  Equity (continued) 

c)  Warrants 

Outstanding, beginning of the year 

Issued 
Exercised 

Outstanding, end of the year 

September 30, 2021 

September 30, 2020 

Number of 
warrants 

5,756,750   
8,500,000   
(5,756,750)  
8,500,000   

Weighted-average 
exercise price 
$  
0.34    
0.40    
0.34    
0.40    

Number of 
warrants 

5,756,750   
—   
—   
5,756,750   

Weighted-average 
exercise price 
$ 
0.34    
—    
—    
0.34    

As at September 30, 2021, the following warrants were outstanding: 

Expiry date 

 December 16, 2023 
 December 16, 2023 
 May 10, 2023 

Weighted average 
exercise price 

Number of 
warrants  

Weighted average 
remaining contractual 
life (years) 

0.30  
0.35  
0.58  
0.40  

3,000,000  
3,000,000  
2,500,000  
8,500,000  

2.2    
2.2    
1.6    
2.0    

In connection with Offering A, the Company issued Broker Warrants exercisable anytime prior to December 16, 2023, with 
one-half of such Broker Warrants having an exercise price of $0.30 per share and one-half of such Broker Warrants having 
an exercise price of $0.35 per share. Based on Black-Scholes pricing model using a risk-free rate of 0.32%, an expected life 
of 3.0 years, an annualized volatility of 90% (based on volatility assumptions of comparable companies), a dividend rate of 
nil, and a share price of $0.445 (share price on the date of special general meeting approving the issue of the warrants), 
these warrants were assigned an estimated total value of $1,666,414. 

In  connection  with  Offering  B,  the  Company  issued  Broker  Warrants  having  an  exercise  price  of  $0.58  per  share  and 
exercisable  anytime  prior  to  May  10,  2023.  Based  on  Black-Scholes  pricing  model  using  a  risk-free  rate  of  0.28%,  an 
expected life of 2 years, an annualized volatility of 90%, a dividend rate of nil, and a share price of $0.52 (share price on the 
date of special general meeting approving the issue of the warrants), these warrants were assigned an estimated total 
value of $584,358. 

a)  Deferred Share Consideration 

On  February  22,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  an  agreement  with  EIT  InnoEnergy,  a  Knowledge  and  Innovation 
Community supported by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology, securing their support for the Chvaletice 
Manganese Project. In connection with their support, EIT InnoEnergy will invest €250,000 over three installments that will 
go towards ongoing work on a detailed feasibility study and demonstration plant.  The first and second investment tranches 
of  €62,500  ($92,850)  and  €125,000  ($185,162)  were  advanced  on  March  24,  2021  and  July  26,  2021,  respectively. 
Accordingly, the Company will issue 147,380 and 330,647 common shares to EIT InnoEnergy at the price of $0.63 and $0.56 
per share, respectively, in connection with the first and second installment tranches, with such common shares expected 
to be issued in early January 2022. The third installment tranche of €62,500 is expected to be made in the first calendar 
quarter of 2022 and common shares related to that instalment are expected to be issued in early January 2023. 

28 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

9.  Related Party Transactions 

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiary have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this 
note. Details of transactions between the Company and other related parties are disclosed below. Related parties include 
the Board of Directors, officers and advisory board, close family members and enterprises that are controlled by these 
individuals as well as certain consultants performing similar functions.   

a)  Key management compensation 

Key management personnel include the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, 
Vice President, Corporate Development and Corporate Secretary, Vice President, Operations, Chief Technology Officer 
and the Managing Director of the Company’s Czech subsidiary. During the years ended September 30, 2021, and 2020, 
the Company incurred the following expenses to officers or directors of the Company or companies with common 
directors: 

Salaries and fees 
Share-based compensation 

b)  Related party transactions during the year 

Year ended September 30, 
2020    
2021    
$ 
$ 
1,160,479    
1,787,234    
243,663    
192,908    
1,404,142    
1,980,142    

Fees provided by PRK Partners s.r.o. (“PRK”), a legal firm associated with a former director and a former advisory board 
member, for the year ended September 30, 2021 amounted to $27,757 (2020 - $149,519). Fees paid to the advisory board 
members for the year ended September 30, 2021 amounted to $25,000 (2020 - $9,314). 

c)  The balances payable to related parties at the period ends were as follows: 

Salaries and fees payable to directors and officers 
Fees provided by a legal firm associated with a director 
Outstanding payables due to directors and officers 

These transactions were incurred in the normal course of operations. 

10. Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments 

September 30, 
2021    
$ 
33,803    
—    
14,998    
48,801    

2020    
$ 
16,158    
576    
3,983    
20,717    

Financial instruments measured at fair value are classified into one of three levels in the fair value hierarchy according to 
the relative reliability of the inputs used to estimate the fair values. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are:  

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;  

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly; and  

Level 3: Inputs that are not based on observable market data.  

29 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

10. Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments (continued) 

The fair values of the Company’s cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, due to related parties, liabilities for royalty 
buy back and land deposits approximate carrying values, which are the amounts recorded on the consolidated statement 
of financial position due to their short-term nature.  

The  option  payments  pursuant  to  the  EPCS  Option  Agreement  (Note  6)  are  a  derivative.  It  is  a  financial  instrument 
measured at fair value through profit and loss using Level 3 inputs as there is no observable market data available. The 
option was initially recognized at fair value which equaled the initial cash payment of $815,000 as stipulated in the EPCS 
Option Agreement and increased by $819,576 on August 13, 2021 representing the second payment under the EPCS Option 
Agreement. No factors affecting the fair value of the EPCS Option in the time from the initial recognition to the period end 
were identified. Factors that were considered in this assessment were: compliance with EPCS Option Agreement, changes 
in intended land use, demand for high purity manganese products and price development, project progress and changes in 
local economy and legislation. 

There were no transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy in the year ended September 30, 2021. 

11. Financial Risk Management 

a)  Credit risk 

Credit  risk  is  the  risk  of  potential  loss  to  the  Company  if  the  counterparty  to  a  financial  instrument  fails  to  meet  its 
contractual  obligations.  The  Company’s  credit  risk  is  primarily  attributable  to  its  liquid  financial  assets  including  cash. 
Management  believes  that  the  credit  risk  concentration  with  respect  to  these  instruments  is  remote  as  they  primarily 
consist of amounts on deposit with a major financial institution. 

At September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk was its cash balance of $31,218,582 and 
$2,730,739, respectively. 

b)  Liquidity risk 

Liquidity  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  Company  will  incur  difficulties  meeting  its  financial  obligations  as  they  are  due.  The 
Company’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its 
liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions without incurring unacceptable losses or risking harm to 
the  Company’s  reputation  (Note  1).  At  September  30,  2021,  the  maturity  of  accounts  payable,  due  to  related  parties 
balances, liability for royalty buy back and half of the liability for land deposits is under one year. The remaining half of the 
liability for land deposits is due in under two years. 

c)  Market risk 

Market risk is the risk of loss that may arise from changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates 
and price risk. 

Interest Rate risk 

The Company has cash balances and no interest-bearing debt. The Company invests a portion of its cash in an interest-
bearing account with a major Canadian bank. 

30 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

11. Financial Risk Management (continued) 

Foreign currency risk 

Currency  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  values  or  future  cash  flows  of  the  Company's  financial  instruments  will  fluctuate 
because of changes in foreign currency rates. The Company's financial instruments are exposed to currency  risk where 
those  instruments  are  denominated  in  currencies  that  are  not  the  functional  currency  of  the  entity  that  holds  them. 
Exchange gains and losses in these situations impact earnings. At September  30, 2021, a  10% fluctuation in the $/USD 
would result in an approximate increase/decrease of $450,000 in net loss due to the change in the royalty buy back liability. 

12. Segmented Information 

The  Company’s  operations  are  all  conducted  in  one  segment,  the  exploration  and  development  of  exploration  and 
evaluation assets. The Company’s exploration and evaluation assets and property and equipment are in the Czech Republic. 

13. Commitments 

At September 30, 2021, the Company was committed to make the minimum annual cash payments, as follows: 

Minimum office lease payments (1) 
Operating expenditure commitments (2) 
Total contractual obligations 
(1) The Company has one non-cancellable operating office leases expiring within two years. 
(2) Operating expenditure commitments relate to the evaluation work on the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

Payments due by period 
Less than one 
year   
$   
5,657    
43,355    
49,012    

Total   
$   
7,496    
43,355    
50,851    

1 - 2 years  
$   
1,839    
—    
1,839    

In  addition  to  the  commitments  disclosed  above,  the  Company  has  entered  into  various  agreements  related  to  the 
feasibility  study  and  the  demonstration  plant.  These  contracts  can  be  canceled  by  the  Company  upon  notice  without 
penalty, subject to the costs incurred up to and in respect of the cancellation. 

The Company has entered into employment agreements with its executive officers in which the individuals are entitled to 
a  combination  of  base  salary,  extended  benefits,  specified  milestones  payments,  and  may  be  eligible  for  annual 
performance-based bonus as determined by the Board in its sole discretion. Following termination without cause, executive 
officers are also entitled to 12-month written notice or pay in lieu of notice of termination equivalent to 12 months’ salary. 
Further, upon a change of control, as defined in their employment agreements, certain executives are entitled to lump sum 
payments of twenty-four months of their base salaries. Total maximum commitment upon change of control would amount 
to $1.5 million. 

The Company agreed to acquire a right-of-way for a period of 30 years having an annual rental of CZK 60,000 (approximately 
$3,000).  

31 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

14. Supplemental Cash Flow Information 

Non-cash financing and investing transactions in the year ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows: 

Shares issued in private placement as settlement of payable 
Transfer of reserves on exercise of share options 
Fair value of broker warrants issued from private placement 
Transfer of reserves on exercise of broker warrants 
Recognition of liability for land deposits 
Repayment of deferred consideration commitment 
Recognition of liability for royalty buy back 

15. Management of Capital 

Year ended September 30, 
2020    
$   
300,000    
—    
—    
—    
—    
300,000    
—    

2021    
$   
—    
354,028    
2,250,772    
504,070    
160,857    
—    
4,338,760    

The Company’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, 
to pursue suitable business opportunities and to maintain a flexible capital structure for its projects for the benefit of its 
stakeholders. As the Company is in the evaluation stage and has not achieved commercial operations from its projects, its 
principal source of funds is from the issuance of common shares. Further information related to liquidity risk is disclosed in 
Note 1 and 11. 

In the management of capital, the Company includes the components of equity. The Company manages and adjusts its 
capital  structure  considering  changes  in  economic  conditions  and  the  risk  characteristics  of  the  underlying  assets.  To 
maintain and adjust the capital structure, the Company may attempt to issue new shares, enter joint venture property 
arrangements, acquire or dispose of assets or adjust the amount of cash and cash equivalents and investments. 

To  facilitate  the  management  of  its  capital  requirements,  the  Company  prepares  annual  expenditure  budgets  that  are 
updated  as  necessary,  depending  on  various  factors,  including  successful  capital  deployment  and  general  industry 
conditions. The annual and updated budgets are approved by the Board. 

The Company’s investment policy is to invest its cash in high-quality, highly liquid short-term interest-bearing investments 
with maturities or three months or less from the original date of acquisition, selected with regards to the expected timing 
of expenditures from continuing operations. 

The  Company  is  uncertain  as  to  whether  its  current  capital  resources  will  be  sufficient  to  carry  on  its  evaluation  and 
development plans and operations through its current operating period and, accordingly, management is reviewing the 
timing  and  scope  of  current  evaluation  plans  and  is  also  pursuing  other  financing  alternatives  to  fund  the  Company’s 
operations. The Company is not currently subject to externally imposed capital requirements. There were no changes in 
the Company’s approach to capital management in the period. 

32 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Euro Manganese Inc. 
(Expressed in Canadian dollars) 

16. Income Taxes 

A reconciliation of the income tax recoveries at the statutory tax rate of 27% (2020 - 27%) is as follows: 

Loss for the year 

Expected income tax recovery 

Non-deductible expenses and other 

Effect of foreign tax rates and tax rate changes 

Effect of deductible temporary difference not recognized 

Income tax recovery 

September 30, 

2021    
$  

2020    
$  

(9,540,421)   

(6,375,493)   

(2,575,914)   

(1,721,383)   

225,279    
625,170    
1,725,465    

—    

146,570    
403,692    
1,171,121    

—    

The  Company  has  not  recognized  any  deferred  tax  assets  as  realization  is  not  probable.  The  significant 
components of the Company’s deferred tax assets are as follows: 

Equipment 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Share issuance costs 
Tax operating losses 

Unrecognized deferred income tax assets 
Deferred income tax assets 

September 30, 
2021  

$      

27,969  
3,353,712  
666,394  
3,654,449  
7,702,524  
(7,702,524) 
—  

2020    
$   
19,346    
2,249,657    
402,540    
2,784,381    
5,455,924    
(5,455,924)   
—    

At  September  30,  2021,  the  Company  had  the  following  estimated  tax  operating  losses  available  to  reduce 
future taxable income, including losses for which deferred tax assets are not recognized as listed in the table 
above. Losses expire at various dates and amounts between 2022 and 2040. 

At September 30, 2021 

Canada 

Czech Republic 

Tax operating losses 

$   

13,255,300    

3,904,800    

17,160,100    

33 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 

1.  Introduction 

The principal business and current focus of Euro Manganese Inc. (the "Company" or "EMN") is the proposed  development of 
the Chvaletice Manganese Project (the "Project"), in which the Company has a 100% ownership interest. The Project involves 
the  re-processing  of  a  readily  leachable  manganese  deposit  hosted  in  the  tailings  of  a  decommissioned  mine  in  the  Czech 
Republic. The Company's goal is to produce high-purity manganese products in an economically, socially and environmentally-
sound manner, principally for use in lithium-ion batteries. 

EMN was incorporated under the British Columbia Business Corporations Act on November 24, 2014. The Company’s corporate 
offices are located at 700 West Pender Street, Suite 709, Vancouver, B.C., Canada, and its registered offices are located at Suite 
1700, Park Place, 666 Burrard Street, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. The Company’s common shares are traded on the TSX Venture 
Exchange ("TSX-V") and on the OTC Best Market ("OTCQX") under the symbols "EMN.V" and "EMN.AX", respectively. CHESS 
Depository  Interests  ("CDIs",  with  each  CDI  representing  one  common  share)  are  also  traded  on  the  Australia  Securities 
Exchange ("ASX") under the symbol "EMN.AX".  

This  management’s  discussion  and  analysis  (“MD&A”)  of  the  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations,  prepared  as  of 
December 16, 2021, supplements, but does not form part of the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company for 
the  year  ended  September  30,  2021  (the  “September  2021  Financial  Statements”),  which  can  be  found  along  with  other 
information of the Company on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with 
the International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (the “IASB”). 
The Company’s significant accounting policies are set out in Note 3 of the September 2021 Financial Statements.   

Additional information relating to the Company, including the Annual Information Form for the year ended September 30, 2021, 
is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, and on the Company's website www.mn25.ca. 

The technical information in this MD&A concerning the Chvaletice Manganese Project was prepared under the supervision of 
Ms.  Andrea  Zaradic,  P.  Eng.,  a  Qualified  Person  under  the  National  Instrument  43-101  Standards  of  Disclosure  for  Mineral 
Projects ("NI 43-101"). 

This MD&A contains "forward-looking statements" that are subject to risk factors as set out in a cautionary note contained in 
section 19. The financial information presented in this MD&A is in Canadian dollars, unless otherwise stated. 

2.  Overview 

The Chvaletice Manganese Project is located in the Czech Republic, within the townships of Chvaletice and Trnavka, in the Labe 
River valley, approximately 90 kilometres to the east of the country's capital, Prague. The Project site is adjacent to established 
infrastructure, including an 820-megawatt coal-fired power station that supplies the Czech Republic’s national grid, a  major 
railway  line,  a  highway  and  a  natural  gas  line.  The  surrounding  region  is  industrialized  and  skilled  labour  is  expected  to  be 
available  from  local  markets.  The  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  resource  is  contained  in  flotation  tailings  piles  that  were 
emplaced on flat terrain immediately below the site of a flotation mill site, adjacent to the former Chvaletice open pit mine. 
The tailings were deposited during historical milling operations for the recovery of pyrite used for the production of sulfuric 
acid. The tailings, which consist of three separate piles ranging from 12 to 28 meters in thickness, cover a cumulative surface 
area of approximately one square kilometer.  

34 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

2.  Overview (continued) 

The  Company  has  significantly  advanced  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  since  2015  and  believes  that  the  Project’s 
environmentally-friendly tailings reprocessing to produce  ultra-high-purity manganese products should enable it to become 
Europe’s  only  primary  producer  of  such  products,  with  a  best-in-class  environmental  footprint.  The  Chvaletice  Manganese 
Project is also expected to result in the environmental remediation of a polluted former mine site, bringing it into full compliance 
with modern Czech and European Union environmental standards and regulations. 

The Chvaletice Manganese Project is targeting production of ultra-high-purity electrolytic manganese metal ("HPEMM") with 
specifications  exceeding  99.9%  Mn  and  ultra-high-purity  manganese  sulphate  monohydrate  ("HPMSM")  with  a  minimum 
manganese content of 32.34%, both of which exceed typical industry standards. These products will be selenium, fluorine and 
chromium-free and are designed to contain very low levels of deleterious impurities.  

HPEMM and HPMSM are critical components of Li-ion batteries and few sources of manganese are suitable for the sustainable 
and economic production of high-purity manganese products. As such, demand for high-purity manganese products is growing 
rapidly,  fueled  largely  by  the  Li-ion  and  electric  vehicle  ("EV")  markets.  The  Company  has  entered  into  five  technical  and 
commercial  collaboration  memorandums  of  understanding  ("MOU")  with  consumers  of  high-purity  manganese  products, 
intended to result in the supply chain qualification of the Project’s products and the eventual offtake thereof. The Company is 
also  in  active  discussions  and  negotiations  with  several  other  parties,  including  battery,  chemical  and  automobile 
manufacturers, with the intent to enter into additional MOUs. An overview of the high-purity manganese market can be found 
in section 6 of this MD&A. 

The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Mangan Chvaletice s.r.o. (“Mangan”) holds two licenses covering mineral exploration 
rights for the Chvaletice Manganese Project ("Licenses"), which are both valid until May 31, 2026. On July 20, 2021, Mangan 
was also issued a new Preliminary Mining Permit, referred to by the Czech Ministry of Environment as the Prior Consent for the 
Establishment of a Mining Lease District, which is valid until May 31, 2026. The Preliminary Mining Permit represents one of the 
key steps towards final permitting for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, covers the areas included in the Licenses, and secures 
Mangan’s exploration rights for the entire deposit. The establishment of the Mining Lease District, the application for the Final 
Mining Permit, and applications for permits relating to the construction of infrastructure and operation of a processing facility 
required  for  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project,  must  be  submitted  and  approved  prior  to  any  commercial  extraction  and 
processing activities at the Project. 

The Company has experienced ongoing collaboration and support for the Project at various levels of the Czech Government, 
which approved the Company’s application for certain investment incentives in the form of investment tax credits on eligible 
project  expenditures, and in March 2020, issued a  ruling  under European Union’s Natura 2000, which  determined  that the 
Project is not expected to adversely impact endangered and protected species habitat.  

The area of interest for the Chvaletice Manganese Project overlies several privately-owned land parcels with surface rights.  To 
date, Mangan has received the consent to access the site from landowners whose surface properties underlie the tailings, for 
the purpose of conducting exploration and other project development related activities. At present, Mangan does not hold 
surface  rights  to  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project  area,  which  includes  those  parcels  of  land  underlying  and  immediately 
surrounding the three tailings deposits comprising the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

The  Company  is  currently  negotiating  the  acquisition  of  the  remaining  surface  rights,  leases,  rights  of  way,  or  other 
arrangements in those areas where it intends to develop its operations, site facilities and infrastructure. There is no assurance 
that areas needed for these activities and facilities will be secured. Mangan has, however, signed an option agreement giving it 
the right to acquire 100% of a company that owns a 19.94-hectare parcel of land intended to be the site of Mangan’s ultra-high 
purity processing plant  (section 6 of this MD&A). The Company also agreed to acquire rights to several additional strategic 
parcels of land, completing its land assembly for the proposed Chvaletice commercial plant.  

35 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

2.  Overview (continued) 

The  land  for  the  proposed processing  plant  is  already  zoned  for  industrial  use  and  the  Company  has  initiated  the  rezoning 
process for the tailings land. Both adjoining municipalities have voted unanimously to proceed with the required land-use plan 
change  after  an  intensive  community  consultation  which  has  been  ongoing  for  several  years,  with  overwhelmingly  positive 
feedback and has continued to receive valuable local resident project planning and design input.   

The Company filed a Technical Report having an effective date of January 29, 2019, prepared by Tetra Tech Canada Inc. (“Tetra 
Tech”), which reported an updated Mineral Resource estimate and the results of a Preliminary Economic Assessment ("PEA") 
for the Chvaletice Manganese Project (section 6 of this MD&A).  

The Company continues to actively monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the impact on economic activity 
and  on  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project.  Throughout  the  pandemic,  the  Company  has  taken  a  number  of  measures  to 
safeguard the health of its employees while continuing to advance work related to the Project. The Company has experienced 
delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic, largely as a result of travel restrictions and supply chain disruptions. Despite the easing 
of certain travel restrictions and some improvement in the global economy during 2021, the duration of the pandemic and its 
impact on the Company’s ability to progress the development of its project remain uncertain, especially in light of the recent 
surge in COVID-19 cases in the Czech Republic. Additionally, while productivity has seen improvements in recent months in part 
due to widespread vaccinations, the COVID-19 Delta variant outbreak and the newly-discovered Omicron variant may result in 
new or extended travel restrictions being implemented which could further impact the Project schedule. 

3.  Financial and Project Highlights 

The following is a summary of the Company’s highlights during the year ended September 30, 2021, and to the date of this 
MD&A: 

• 

In October 2021, the pilot plant, which  was originally  operated in 2018, was restarted  to produce product samples for 
certain prospective customers to continue or initiate their supply chain qualification work in advance of larger samples 
delivered from the Project’s Demonstration Plant. 

•  On September 24, 2021, Mangan was issued the construction permit to upgrade two industrial buildings at the planned 
commercial plant site, which will host the demonstration plant, and the upgrade work commenced in October 2021. 

•  On September 16, 2021, the Company received the globally recognized ISO 27001 certification for Information Security 
Management Systems confirming that the Company is in line with information security best practice. The Company also 
plans to obtain a  TISAX certification, which  is based on the ISO 27001 standard, in order to be recognized  as a  trusted 
service provider to the European automotive industry. 

•  On  October  4,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Joint  Development  Agreement  with  Nano  One  Materials  Corp.  Joint 
activities  will  focus  on  developing  manganese  products  expected  to  be  produced  by  the  Company  for  use  in  cathode 
materials made by Nano One Materials Corp., in the context of rapidly rising demand for high-purity manganese products. 

•  On July 26, 2021, the Company received an investment instalment of €125,000 ($185,162) from EIT InnoEnergy, an EU-
backed organization. The first installment of €62,500 ($92,850) was made on March 24, 2021. These represent two of the 
three investment installments in the Project which aggregate €250,000.    EIT InnoEnergy will also provide assistance in 
securing customer off-take agreements and access to Project financing. 

•  On July 20, 2021, the Czech Ministry of the Environment granted Mangan a new Preliminary Mining Permit, valid until May 
31,  2026.  The  permit  secures  Mangan’s  exclusive  rights  to  the  Chvaletice  tailings  resource  and  the  Company’s  right  to 
conduct the Project’s Final Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ("Final ESIA"), which is expected to be completed 
and filed with permitting authorities in the first half of calendar 2022. 

36 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

3.  Financial and Project Highlights (continued) 

•  On July 2, 2021, the Czech Ministry of the Environment granted Mangan an extension of its exploration licences by three 
years to May 31, 2026. The extension allows work to continue on all aspects of the manganese resource development, 
including the tailings extraction for the Project’s demonstration plant.  

•  On June 15, 2021, the Company's shares started trading on the OTC Best Market ("OTCQX") under the symbol "EUMNF".  

•  On May 31, 2021, the Company entered into royalty termination agreements to purchase and extinguish an aggregate 1.2% 
net  smelter  royalty  interest  in  the  Manganese  Chvaletice  Project  for  aggregate  consideration  of  USD4.5  million 
(approximately $5.5 million) payable in two instalments: USD0.9 million ($1.1 million) which was paid May 31, 2021; and 
USD3.6 million (approximately $4.5 million), on  or before January 31, 2022, by a combination of cash and up to 50% in 
common  shares,  at  the  sole option  of  the  Company,  based  on  a  price  per  share  equal to  the  20-day volume  weighted 
average price on the TSX-V prior to the date of issuance.  

•  On May 10, 2021, the Company completed the second tranche of a two-tranche brokered private placement of 50.0 million 
CDIs at a price of AUD0.60 for aggregate gross proceeds of AUD30.0 million ($28.6 million) and net proceeds of AUD28.5 
million ($27.2 million). 

•  On  January  14,  2021,  the  Company  announced  the  conclusion  of  a  six-month  screening  of  the  Project’s  preliminary 
Environmental Impact Assessment ("EIA") conducted by the Czech Ministry of Environment (the “Ministry”). Based on the 
official notification received from the Ministry, the Company can now proceed with the next stage of the environmental 
permitting process, which is the preparation of the Final ESIA. 

•  On January 7, 2021, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement of 444,445 common shares at a price of 

CAD $0.45 per Share, raising $200,000 for general working capital purposes. 

•  On November 18, 2020, the Company placed the order for the demonstration plant and resumed the confirmatory test 

work and various engineering studies for the feasibility study. 

•  On December 16, 2020, the Company completed the second tranche of a two-tranche brokered private placement of 1.9 
million common shares and 58.1 million CDIs, at a price of $0.19 per common share or AUD$0.20 per CDI, respectively for 
aggregate gross proceeds of $11.3 million (the "Offering") and net proceeds of $10.6 million. 

• 

In December 2020, the Company agreed to acquire rights to three strategic parcels of land, completing its land assembly 
for the proposed Chvaletice commercial plant.  

4.  Outlook 

During the year ended September 30, 2021, the Company secured what is expected to be sufficient funding to complete the 
evaluation and pre-development work on the Project, including the completion of its feasibility studies, environmental studies, 
permitting, the re-start of the pilot plant and the commissioning of the Chvaletice demonstration plant and its operation for 
one  year.  Additional  funding  will  be  required  for  the  continuous  operation  of  the  demonstration  plant,  additional  land 
acquisitions, as well as the potential future construction of infrastructure and facilities for the Chvaletice Manganese Project 
(section 9 of this MD&A).  

The following are the Company's short-term priorities:  

• 

• 

production  and  delivery  of  small  samples  of  high-purity  manganese  products  from  the  pilot  plant  to  allow  prospective 
customers to continue or initiate their supply chain qualification; 

taking delivery of, installing, commissioning and operating the demonstration plant to allow the Company to produce bulk, 
multi-tonne finished product samples for prospective customers' supply chain qualification;  

37 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

4.  Outlook (continued) 

• 

• 

• 

• 

completion of the feasibility study which includes confirmatory test work, associated engineering activities, an updated 
capital and operating cost estimate and economic analysis; 

completion of the Project's Final ESIA process; 

continuing  discussions  and  negotiations  with  potential  customers,  as  well  as  strategic  and  financial  partners  and 
government agencies, including those related to funding the development of the Chvaletice Manganese Project; and 

completion of negotiations for the acquisition of certain land rights and access. 

The  completion  of  the  Chvaletice  demonstration  plant,  its  commissioning  and  the  start  of  production  are  targeted  for  the 
second quarter of calendar 2022. The completion of the feasibility study and the Final ESIA, are targeted for completion in the 
first half of calendar 2022. This could potentially enable the final environmental permitting for the Project to be completed late 
in calendar 2022. However, further disruptions resulting from an extended duration of the COVID-19 pandemic may continue 
to affect the Company, its suppliers and service providers, and therefore, could result in additional delays in the Company's 
activities. 

As it moves through the feasibility stage and the pre-development stage, the Company intends to evaluate potential value-
enhancing opportunities for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, with the aim of reducing costs and technical risks. These may 
include optimizing building sizing and layout, equipment selection, solid-liquid separation methods, as well as minimizing energy 
and water consumption. The Company is also evaluating the possibility of producing additional high-purity manganese products.  

Once permitted, all remaining land acquisitions have been completed and offtake agreements have been entered into with the 
Company’s potential customers, along with the completion of a bankable feasibility study demonstrating both the economic 
and technical viability of the Project, the Company intends to secure project financing in order to commence construction of 
the full-scale commercial Chvaletice process plant and related infrastructure. The Company believes that the capacity for project 
financing is likely to compare advantageously to the majority of projects given its safe jurisdiction, quality of potential offtake 
agreements that are possible in this industry, environmental benefits, and strategic position within the European battery supply 
chain.  The  Project’s  debt  capacity  would  be  influenced  by:  the  bankability  of  offtake  agreements  and  any  available  price 
downside protection; government, Export Development Agency and European Union credit guarantees of debt; sponsorship by 
customers through advances, prepayments on offtake agreements and / or equity or debt contributions; and any cost overrun 
protection provided by an Engineering Procurement Construction (“EPC”) counterparty. 

5.  Significant Transactions During the Year Ended September 30, 2021  

The Company did not complete any additional transactions in the year ended September 30, 2021, other than the transactions 
described in section 3 of this MD&A. Significant transactions which occurred subsequent to year end are described in section 
15 of this MD&A. 

6.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project 

Mineral Resource Estimate 

The Chvaletice Manganese Project's Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources were reported in the NI 43-101 technical report 
entitled  "Technical  Report  and  Preliminary  Economic  Assessment  for  the  Project,  Chvaletice,  Czech  Republic"  ("Technical 
Report"), with an effective date of January 29, 2019, as prepared by Tetra Tech, released and filed on SEDAR on March 15, 2019. 
The Technical Report was prepared by Mr. James Barr, P. Geo, Mr. Jianhui (John) Huang, Ph.D., P. Eng., Mr. Mark Horan, P. Eng., 
Mr. Hassan Ghaffari, P. Eng., and Mr. Chris Johns, P. Eng., all with Tetra Tech and all of whom are Qualified Persons under NI 
43-101. 

38 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

6.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project (continued) 

A summary of the mineral resource estimate for the Chvaletice Manganese Project included in the Technical Report is presented 
in the table below: 

Tailings Cell # 

Classification 

Dry In-situ Bulk 
Density 
(t/m3) 

Volume 

(m3) 

Tonnage 
(metric tonnes) 

Total Mn 
(%) 

Soluble Mn 
(%) 

#1 

#2 

#3 

Total 

Measured 

Indicated 

Measured 

Indicated 

Measured 

Indicated 

Measured 

Indicated 

Combined 

Measured and 
Indicated 

Note (1): Numbers may not add exactly due to rounding. 

1.52    

1.47    

1.53    

1.55    

1.45    

1.45    

1.51    

1.50    

6,577,000    

10,029,000    

160,000    

236,000    

7,990,000    

12,201,000    

123,000    

189,000    

2,942,000    

4,265,000    

27,000    

39,000    

17,509,000    

26,496,000    

309,000    

464,000    

7.95    

8.35    

6.79    

7.22    

7.35    

7.9    

7.32    

7.85    

1.51    

17,818,000    

26,960,000    

7.33    

6.49    
6.67    
5.42    
5.30    
5.63    
5.89    
5.86    
6.05    

5.86    

Note (2): Mineral Resources do not have demonstrated economic viability but have reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. Indicated 
Resources have lower confidence than Measured Resources. The estimate of Mineral Resources may be  materially affected by environmental, 
permitting, legal, title, taxation, sociopolitical, marketing, or other relevant issues. 

Option Agreement and Other Land Acquisitions 

The Company, through its subsidiary, Mangan, has entered into an option agreement dated August 13, 2018 (the "EPCS Option 
Agreement") to acquire 100% of the equity of EP Chvaletice s.r.o. ("EPCS"), a small Czech steel fabrication company that owns 
a 19.94 hectare parcel of land. This land is located immediately south of the highway and rail line that bound the Chvaletice 
tailings deposit. It is also adjacent to the Chvaletice power plant and 1.7-hectare parcel of land and rail siding that was previously 
acquired by the Company. This strategic land parcel encompasses the intended site of its proposed processing plant. The land 
is  zoned  for  industrial  use  and  contains  numerous  buildings,  including  office,  warehousing  and  other  industrial  structures, 
several of which are leased to short-term tenants. The land also contains two rail spurs and is served by gas, water and power. 
The Company will have the right to acquire EPCS by making payments aggregating 140 million Czech Koruna payable in four 
cash instalments, the first and second of which were paid on October 17, 2018, and August 13, 2021, respectively, each in the 
amount of 14 million Czech Koruna ($815,000 and $819,576, respectively).  

The Company can complete the acquisition of EPCS by making two additional instalments aggregating 112 million Czech Koruna 
(approximately $6.48 million). The next instalment of 42 million Czech Koruna (approximately $2.43 million) is due within 60 
days of approval of the Final ESIA for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, but no later than on August 13, 2022. The payment 
date was extended by one year for an additional payment of 2.1 million Czech Koruna (approximately $0.12 million), payable 
together with the deferred instalment in 2022. The last instalment of 70 million Czech Koruna (approximately $4.05 million) is 
due upon receipt of all development permits for the Chvaletice Manganese Project, but no later than five years after signing 
the EPCS Option Agreement. 

39 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

6.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project (continued) 

During the year ended September 30, 2021, the Company entered into the following agreements to acquire rights to three 
additional strategic parcels of land, competing its land assembly for the proposed Chvaletice commercial plant:  

i.  Purchase from the owner of the nearby Chvaletice power plant, a 1,952 m² section of land encompassing Rail Spur no. 
1, through which the proposed Chvaletice process plant will be serviced and connected to existing rail infrastructure. 
This acquisition is particularly important for the Project, as it provides the Company with a second rail connection, 
through the existing rail siding of the neighboring power plant. This is expected to provide greater logistical capacity 
and flexibility for the project. The cost of the land is 252,762 Czech Koruna (approximately $14,000). The acquisition 
of this section of land was completed on April 15, 2021. 

ii.  Purchase of a 49,971 m² parcel of land, including a rail spur extension that will provide additional room and flexibility 
for the definitive Chvaletice commercial plant layout. The cost of the land is 18,739,125 Czech Koruna (approximately 
$1.1 million) and can be paid in five 7.5% annual  installments (approximately $80,000), followed by the remaining 
balance  of  approximately  $700,000  in  the  final  year.  The  first  installment  was  refundable,  subject  to  a  positive 
environmental due diligence of the site, which was obtained in January 2021. Thereafter, the Company has the option 
to terminate the contract after the third installment. At September 30, 2021, the Company recognized a liability for 
the two payments due in October 2021 and 2022 in the total amount of $164,304.  

iii.  Lease of a 3,504 m² right-of-way for a period of 30 years, with a one-month cancellation notice period, to allow the 
straightening of a proposed conveyor route. Annual rental will be 60,000 Czech Koruna (approximately $3,000) and 
the Company will retain an option to purchase this land.  

PEA Results 

The main highlights of the PEA results, as summarized from the Technical Report, are as follows: 

•  Recycling of a 27 million tonne Measured and Indicated tailings  resource (98.3% Measured) with a combined grade 

averaging 7.33% Mn, without the requirement of any hard rock mining, crushing or milling; 

• 

• 

25-year project operating life producing 1.19 million tonnes of HPEMM, with two-thirds expected to be converted into 
HPMSM with the flexibility to supply either product, to suit customer preference; 

Saleable product includes 404,100 tonnes of HPEMM and 2.35 million tonnes of HPMSM; 

•  After-tax NPV of USD593 million and pre-tax NPV of USD782 million, using a 10% real discount rate, and based on 
average life-of-project HPEMM (containing 99.9% Mn) price of USD4,617/tonne and an average HPMSM (containing 
32.34% Mn) price of USD2,666/tonne (prices based on a market study prepared for the Company by CPM Group LLC);  

•  USD404 million in pre-production capital, USD24.8 million in sustaining capital, and USD31 million in working capital, 
with an ungeared, pre-tax 25.2% IRR with a 4.5-year payback, and a post-tax 22.6% IRR with a 4.9-year payback; 
•  Access to excellent transportation, energy and community infrastructure. Proposed process plant site to be located in 

an industrially-zoned brownfield site, where a historical process plant generated the Chvaletice tailings; 

• 

Exceptional green project credentials resulting in a significant remediation of the Chvaletice tailings site, arresting the 
ongoing pollution related to historical tailings disposal activities; and 

•  Opportunities exist to enhance returns through process optimization initiatives and various government investment 

incentives and financial support programs that may be available. 

40 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

6.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project (continued) 

Feasibility Study and Environmental Impact Assessment 

In  2019,  the  Company  appointed  Tetra  Tech  Canada  as  the  owner’s  engineering  representative  for  the  feasibility  study, 
responsible for overseeing the consultants and service providers in connection with the feasibility study, and for the preparation 
of the NI 43-101/JORC feasibility study report for the Chvaletice Manganese Project. The Company also appointed BGRIMM 
Technology  Group  as  the  lead  process  plant  engineer,  which  is  working  closely  with  Tetra  Tech  and  the  Company’s  other 
consultants. Together, these firms are conducting the excavation design, process plant design, tailings/residue storage facility 
design, and other related studies for the Project. Tetra Tech is compiling the necessary feasibility study inputs.  

Work  on  the  basic  design  for  the  rail  siding  system  that  will  be  required  as  part  of  the  construction,  commissioning  and 
operations of the main commercial plant is underway. As of October 31, 2021, the feasibility study was approximately 78% 
complete  and  on  budget,  with  verification  and  testing  work  completed  and  good  progress  being  made  on  the  engineering 
studies. The Company is also preparing a reagent supply chain strategy plan for the Project, along with an assessment of power 
supply options both within the Czech Republic and the surrounding EU countries with an emphasis on options to acquire long 
term zero-carbon and renewable energy. The Company is targeting completion of the feasibility study in the first half of calendar 
2022. 

The Company has engaged consulting firms Minviro Ltd. and RCS Global Group to conduct a joint Life Cycle Assessment of the 
Chvaletice Manganese Project as part of the Company’s commitment to environmental excellence and transparency. 

In January 2021, the Company received the comments from the Czech Ministry of Environment on the Preliminary EIA, which 
included the Project Description. The Project Description and Preliminary EIA, which were publicly available for comment to 
local communities, residents, organizations and regulators, included a description of: the manganese production process and 
resulting environmental footprint; results of baseline and other studies conducted to date; health, safety and environmental 
management plans; impact assessment, impact mitigation and avoidance plans and measures; socio-economic impacts on local 
communities; and reclamation plans and objectives. 

The  Project  Description  and  the  input  and  comments  received,  will  form  the  basis  for  the  last  stage  of  the  environmental 
permitting process, in the form of a Final ESIA. The preparation of the Final ESIA and related permit application is also underway. 
The Company appointed GET s.r.o. in the Czech Republic to prepare the Final ESIA. Subject to the continued advancement of 
the feasibility study, the Company expects the timely completion of the Final ESIA documentation to be submitted to the Czech 
Ministry of the Environment in the first half of calendar 2022 which could potentially enable final environmental permitting for 
the Project later in 2022. 

Commercial and Demonstration Plant Progress Update 

Several  prospective  customers  have  expressed  interest  in  procuring  high-purity  manganese  products  from  the  Chvaletice 
Manganese Project and in testing and qualifying the products of the proposed Chvaletice demonstration plant. These parties 
have included manufacturers of electric vehicle batteries and related chemicals, who aim to design precursor and cathode 
formulations in combination with available nickel, cobalt and lithium products, and chemical, aluminum and steel companies, 
as well as electric vehicle manufacturers. 

The Chvaletice demonstration plant, which is intended to replicate the entire process flowsheet proposed in the PEA and to 
produce  the  equivalent  of  100kg  per  day  of  HPMSM,  will  also  enable  process  optimization  and  testing  for  final  product 
development and serve as a testing and training facility for future operators. 

The Company signed a fixed-price, turnkey contract for the supply and commissioning of a technology, equipment package for 
the demonstration plant, which includes performance guarantees, as well as commissioning services and an operator training 
program. The equipment procurement and fabrication of the demonstration plant is underway. Its delivery at site in the Czech 
Republic is expected in the first quarter of calendar 2022, followed by completion of commissioning and start of production in 
the second quarter of calendar 2022. In September 2021, Mangan was issued the construction permit to upgrade two leased 
industrial  buildings  at  the  planned  commercial  plant  site,  which  will  host  the  demonstration  plant,  and  the  upgrade  work 
commenced in October 2021. 

41 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

6.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project (continued) 

The  Company  estimates  that  the  cost,  including  fabrication,  delivery,  commissioning,  laboratory  set-up  and  an  operator 
training program, as well as the cost of operation for one year, will be approximately USD5 million ($7.0 million). To the date 
of this MD&A, the Company made total payments of USD1.6 million ($1.9 million) for the demonstration plant and incurred 
additional expenses of $0.2 million for permitting and site preparation. 

To  date,  approximately  55%  of  the  demonstration  plant’s  planned  first  year  production  has  been  allocated  to  several 
customers for testing and qualification. These parties and their markets include: a global leading participant in the lithium-ion 
battery supply chain, for use in NMC cathodes; a company focused on large scale lithium-ion battery manufacturing, for use 
in NMC cathodes; a global chemicals and specialty materials company, for use in metal hydride for hybrid automobile anodes; 
and JFE Corporation, a leading Japanese steel producer, for use in specialty steel applications.  

Upon successful completion of testing and evaluation by these and other parties, and subject to a production decision being 
made based on the results of a feasibility study, the Company intends to work towards establishing long-term commercial 
offtake arrangements for the supply of its high-purity manganese products. However, there can be no assurance that these 
discussions will lead to offtake agreements or commercial or strategic relationships in the near term, if at all. 

The  Company  continues  to  hold  active  discussions  and  negotiations  with  several  consumers  of  high-purity  manganese 
products, which include battery, chemical and automobile manufacturers, in Asia, Europe and North America, and expects to 
allocate  the  remainder  of  the  demonstration  plant’s  initial  year  of  production  in  the  near  term.  The  Company  is  also 
considering extending the life of the demonstration plant to two or possibly three years. 

Following discussions with prospective customers, the Company re-started its pilot plant to deliver product samples in early 
2022, in advance of the production from the demonstration plant. This will allow prospective customers to continue or initiate 
their  supply  chain  qualification  of  the  Company's  products  in  advance  of  larger  samples  delivered  from  the  Project’s 
demonstration plant.  

High Purity Manganese Market Overview 

In connection with the preparation of the PEA, the Company commissioned the independent research and consultancy firm of 
CPM  Group  LLC  (“CPM  Group”)  to  provide  an  HPEMM  and  HPMSM  (collectively  described  as  "High-Purity  Manganese"  or 
"HPM") product  market outlook  study for the Chvaletice  Manganese Project.  Cairn Energy Research Advisors (“Cairn ERA”) 
contributed  technical  and  battery  industry  inputs  to  the  CPM  Group  report.  The  extended  executive  summary  of  the  CPM 
market  outlook  entitled  “Market  Outlook  for  High-Purity  Electrolytic  Manganese  Metal  and  High-Purity  Manganese  Sulfate 
Monohydrate”  is  reproduced  in  section  19  of  the  Technical  Report.  Since  their  initial  reports,  HPM  demand  figures  were 
updated upwards by Cairn ERA and CPM Group during 2020 and 2021, with the latest update dated October 2021. 

High-performance NMC Li-ion batteries are being increasingly used in EVs and other energy storage applications. In 2020 and 
to date in 2021, this battery chemistry accounted for nearly half of all Li-ion batteries produced, if measured by MWh. The 
manufacturing processes and formulations for Li-ion batteries require reliable, high-purity sources of manganese and other 
battery raw materials to ensure that the batteries meet increasingly demanding performance, safety and durability standards. 
The  high-purity  manganese  materials  for  the  precursor  cathode  materials  of  NMC  batteries  can  be  supplied  in  the  form  of 
HPEMM and HPMSM.  

Demand for high purity manganese is growing rapidly around the world, driven by the growth of EV sales and the Li-ion battery 
industry. In the second half of 2020 and the first three quarters of calendar 2021, four major electric vehicles manufacturers, 
Tesla,  Volkswagen,  Stellantis  and  Renault,  made  public  commitments  to  manganese-based  batteries  for  their  mass-market 
vehicles going forward, causing a major upward revision of the HPM demand projection forecasts, as illustrated on the graphs 
below. However, only certain manganese ores can feasibly and sustainably be used for the specialty, high end products of the 
battery industry. A critical factor is availability of the right quality ore in the right location. Carbonate ores, which are rare, are 
ideal  for the production of high-purity manganese, although oxides can be used after roasting or chemical treatment  using 
current commercial processes, resulting in a higher cost of reagents and energy, which can also cause environmental issues. 

42 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

6.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project (continued) 

In the third quarter of calendar 2021, Cairn ERA and CPM Group updated their forecasts of total rechargeable (or secondary) 
Li-ion battery demand (below, left), as well as HPM demand (below, right), which is now expected to grow from 36,800 tonnes 
in 2020 to approximately 903,000 tonnes in 2030.  

According to the International Manganese Institute, China produced only 4.2% of the 2020 global output of manganese ore 
(down 33% from previous year), while retaining its dominant position as a supplier of high-purity manganese products – 
more than 80% of the HPMSM suitable for the battery industry originated in China in 2020. China relies heavily on imported 
ore, mainly from South Africa, Australia, Gabon and Ghana. The global  output  situation remains similar  in 2021 and at 
present, only about 3% of HPMSM suitable for the battery industry is produced in Europe. In discussions with prospective 
customers,  the  Company  has  learned  that  they  are  increasingly  interested  in  diversifying  their  strategic  raw  material 
sourcing  and  wish  to  promote  the  creation  of  independent,  local  supply  chains, particularly  in  regions  such  as  Europe, 
where  the  automobile  manufacturing  industry  employs  over  14  million  people  directly  and  indirectly  and  where  the 
automotive companies have made strong commitments to the electrification of their fleets. 

Europe is rapidly becoming a major hub in the global electric car and battery industries, with 7 battery cell gigafactories 
(defined as >1GWh/annum of battery production) operating now and a further 50 gigafactories expected to be in operation 
by 2030. Local supply chains are being built in Europe and apart from the convenient logistics, companies located within 
the European single market benefit from frictionless trading and additional benefits (e.g. imported manganese sulphate 
monohydrate is currently subject to a 5% EU import tariff). According to announcements from the battery makers, by 2030 
Europe should have 57 battery gigafactories, with more than 1,458 GWh of production capacity installed (30% of global 
capacity, second after China). CPM Group reports that the entire planned output of the Chvaletice Manganese Project can 
be consumed by the growing lithium-battery sector in Europe.  

In addition to the highest and most consistent product purity possible, European consumers of HPM expect the products 
they use to be traceable and to have ‘green credentials’, with a preference for locally made materials. The local supply 
chain in Europe is growing rapidly, and, in addition to the battery gigafactories under construction, will soon include 6 
precursor  makers,  5  electrolyte  and  separator  factories,  and  8  battery  pack  assembly  plants.  Around  forty  of  the 
gigafactories  that  consume  manganese  inputs  are  or  will  be  located  between  200  km  and  500  km  of  the  Chvaletice 
Manganese Project, as shown below. 

43 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

6.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project (continued) 

Environmental, Social and Governance Performance 

The Company seeks to maintain a safe and secure working environment for all of its employees, contractors and consultants, 
and recognizes the critical importance of operating in a sustainable manner. The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics and 
Business  Conduct  (the  "Code"),  setting  out  the  standards  which  guide  the  conduct  of  its  business  and  the  behavior  of  its 
directors, officers, employees and consultants. All new employees must read and commit to abide by the Code. The Code, 
among other things, sets out standards in areas relating to the Company's: commitment to health and safety in its business 
operations; compliance with applicable occupational health and safety laws and regulations; promoting and providing a work 
environment in which individuals are treated with respect, and is free of all forms of discrimination and abusive and harassing 
conduct; providing employees with equal opportunity; and ethical and transparent business conduct and legal compliance. 
The Company is also committed to gender pay parity.  

44 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

6.  Review of Operations - Chvaletice Manganese Project (continued) 

The Code also requires the Company to conduct its exploration, development and commercial operations using environmental 
best practices, with a goal of protecting human health, minimizing impact on ecosystems and local communities, and to always 
remain  in  compliance  with  applicable  environmental  laws  and  regulations.  Further,  the  Code  requires  that  the  Company 
conduct its operations with a view to respecting and enhancing the economic and social well-being of the communities in 
which the Company operates. 

The Company's whistleblower policy (the “Policy") provides employees and consultants of the Company with the mechanics 
by which they may raise concerns with respect to falsification of financial records, unethical conduct, harassment, theft, and 
violation of the Code, or any other "wrong-doing" in a confidential, anonymous process. The Policy also provides employees 
and contractors with information regarding who to contact with a complaint, how the Company will respond to a complaint, 
and timeframes for the Company to respond. The Company will respect the confidentiality of any whistle blowing complaint 
received where the complainant requests that confidentiality. 

The Company also adheres to strict governance practices, overseen by a Board of Directors (the "Board") whose majority are 
independent from management. The entire Board makes every reasonable effort to meet as often as possible in-person or by 
video conference. The Board receives comprehensive briefings from management in advance of meetings. Meeting frequency 
ranges from monthly to quarterly, or more frequently when circumstances dictate. Board meetings are generally attended by 
the  entire  management  team,  other  than  in  camera  meetings,  which  are  attended  only  by  independent  directors.  Three 
committees of the Board focus on specific aspects of corporate governance. All committees are chaired and populated by a 
majority  of  independent  directors.  The  committees  are  as  follows:  1)  Audit  Committee,  2)  Governance,  Compensation, 
Nomination and Sustainability Committee and 3) Technical Committee. The Board Charter, Committee Mandates, Code and 
Policy are publicly posted on the Company’s website.  

The Board receives an environmental, health and safety ("EHS") report from management at each scheduled quarterly Board 
meeting. The EHS report covers all activities at the Company’s worksites. During the past year, the Company experienced zero 
lost time accidents or incidents, and zero environmental violations or incidents.  

Starting in 2022, the Company plans to publish its first annual Environmental, Social and Governance Report, where it will 
publicly report on its performance against stated goals and objective criteria. 

7.  Annual Financial Review 

(expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share data) 
Revenue 

Chvaletice Project evaluation expenses 

Other expenses 
Net loss for the year attributable to shareholders 

2020    

Years ended September 30, 
2021    
$ 
—    
4,950    
4,590    
9,540    

3,178    
6,377    

$ 
—    

3,199    

2019    

$ 
—    

4,947    

3,370    
8,317    

Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to shareholders (1) 

$0.03 

$0.03 

$0.05 

Cash 
Total assets (2) 
Non-current financial liabilities (2) 

As at September 30, 

2021 
$ 
31,219    
43,336    
248    

2020 

$ 
2,731    

5,808    

40    

2019 

$ 
4,085    

6,909    

—    

45 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

7.  Annual Financial Review (continued) 

(1) Fully diluted weighted average common shares outstanding, used in the calculation of diluted net loss per share in each of the periods 
presented, are not reflective of the outstanding stock options and warrants at that time as their exercises would be anti-dilutive in the 
net loss per share calculation. 

(2)Total assets for each year shown include $1,249,086 in mineral property interest related to the acquisition of the Chvaletice Manganese 
Project on May 13, 2016 and at September 30, 2021, total assets also include the net smelter royalty buy back from the original owners 
of Mangan in the amount of $4,338,760. 

Year ended September 30, 2021, compared to the year ended September 30, 2020  

The loss for the year ended September 30, 2021, of $9,540,421 compares to a loss of $6,375,493 for the year ended September 
30, 2020, representing an increase of $3,164,928 or 49.6%. Basic and fully diluted loss per share in the current period remain 
unchanged at $0.03 per common share. A summary of the project evaluation and other expenses, and an explanation of the 
significant variances is as follows: 

Year ended September 30, 

(expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share data) 
Exploration and evaluation expenses 

Engineering 

Remuneration 
Share-based compensation 
Drilling, sampling and surveys 
Metallurgical 

Travel 
Legal and professional fees 
Geological 
Market studies 

Supplies and rentals 

Other expenses 

Remuneration 
Share-based compensation 

Total remuneration 
Legal and professional fees 

Investor relations 
Product sales and marketing 
Travel 
Filing and compliance fees 

Accretion expense 
Office, general and administrative 
Insurance 
Conferences 

Depreciation 
Foreign exchange 

Total loss for the year attributable to shareholders 

Loss per share attributable to shareholders 

2021    
$ 

2,982    
782    
416    
133    
—    
13    
373    
122    
96    
33    
4,950    

1,532    
418    
1,950    
752    
606    
130    
17    
401    
21    
157    
119    
39    
103    
295    
4,590    
9,540    

$0.03 

2020    
$ 

1,664    

944    
138    
4    
41    

64    
155    
79    
83    

27    
3,199    

1,022    
272    

1,294    
567    

228    
284    
84    
293    

102    
91    
109    
28    

72    
26    

3,178    

6,377    

$0.03 

46 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

7.  Annual Financial Review (continued) 

Project evaluation costs for the year ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, were $4,950,474 and $3,197,961 respectively. These 
activities represent work conducted on the Project’s feasibility study, the EIA and the Final ESIA, and planning and permitting 
work related to and procurement of the Chvaletice demonstration plant. Project evaluation activities were impacted by the 
COVID-19 pandemic commencing in mid-March 2020 and continued throughout most of calendar 2020. Work on the feasibility 
study resumed in November 2020, following the completion of the first tranche of an $11 million private placement in late 
October 2020, and was fully underway again starting the first quarter of calendar 2021. Accordingly, project evaluation costs 
were 55% higher in the year ended September 30, 2021 than in the comparative period in fiscal 2020. The main cost variances 
include: an increase of $1,318,060 in engineering costs which include environmental costs, which in both periods related mainly 
to the preparation of the EIA Notification and the feasibility study; a $129,770 increase in drilling, sampling and survey costs, a 
$43,007 increase in geological costs; and an increase of $277,629 in share-based compensation due to stock options grants in 
the second quarter of fiscal 2021. There was also a $219,039 increase in legal and professional fees, relating to land purchase 
activities. The overall increase in project evaluation costs was partially offset by a decrease in remuneration of $161,999 as a 
result of the cost cutting measures in the Czech Republic in 2020 and a decrease in travel costs of $50,664 due to the global 
COVID-19 pandemic travel restrictions.  

The $1,412,415 increase in administrative costs for the year ended September 30, 2021, over the same period in 2020, is mainly 
attributable to: a $509,716 increase in remuneration due to a higher number of employees in the corporate office in Canada 
and the impact of COVID-19 related cost cutting measures in the comparative period; a $377,914 increase in investor relations 
expenses due to the engagement of investor relations services in Australia and Canada in the current year; a $185,117 increase 
in legal and professional fees related to the OTCQX listing, the CEO succession plan process, ISO 27001 certification and general 
legal matters; a $146,014 increase in share-based compensation due to options grants at higher value in the current period; an 
increase of $107,355 in filing and compliance fees as a result of two private placements in the current year; a $65,823 increase 
in general and administrative expenses due to the Company's office move and increased IT costs; and a $269,095 increase in 
foreign exchange loss arising mainly from revaluation of the liabilities for the royalty buy back and land acquisition deposits at 
year end. The overall increase in administrative costs was partially offset by: a decrease of $66,492 in travel resulting from 
COVID-19  related  restrictions;  a  $153,714  decrease  in  product  sales  and  marketing  expenses;  and  a  $81,317  decrease  in 
accretion expense primarily due to the decrease in the amortization of leases.  

8.  Quarterly Financial Review 

The  following  table  summarizes  selected  financial  information  for  each  of  the  eight  most  recently  completed  quarters, 
expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except for share amounts: 

As at the end of or for the 
period ending 

Cash 

Total assets 

Working capital (1) 

Current liabilities 

Revenue 

Project evaluation expenses 

Other expenses 

Net loss attributable to 
shareholders 

Net loss per share, basic and 
diluted, attributable to 
shareholders 

July to 
Sept'21 

$ 

31,219    

43,336    

26,078    

April to 
June'21 

$ 

Jan to 

March'21  Oct to Dec'20 
$ 

$ 

33,457    

33,118    

11,394    

44,472    

37,276    

15,449    

27,821    

32,877    

11,372    

5,685    

6,025    

—    

—    

1,437    

1,256    

1,724    

1,342    

624    

—    

1,305    

1,165    

454    

—    

484    

826    

July to 
Sept'20 

$ 

2,731    

5,808    

2,922    

217    

—    

409    

894    

April to 
June'20 

$ 

442    

3,488    

11    

791    

—    

408    

636    

Jan to 

March'20  Oct to Dec'19 
$ 

$ 

1,266    

4,531    

(347)   

2,136    

—    

2,236    

5,562    

1,504    

1,297    

—    

1,062    

1,319    

868    

780    

2,693    

3,066    

2,470    

1,310    

1,303    

1,044    

1,930    

2,099    

0.01    

0.01    

0.01    

—    

0.01    

0.01    

0.01    

0.01    

(1) The additional non-GAAP financial measure of working capital is calculated as current assets less current liabilities. 

47 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

8.  Quarterly Financial Review (continued) 

• 

• 

The variation in quarterly evaluation expenditures is mainly attributed to the following: 

At the end of the quarter ended December 31, 2020, the work on the feasibility study resumed and was continuing at full 
capacity in the following three quarters. 

•  During the five quarters leading up to the resumption of the feasibility study work and ordering of the demonstration plant 
in the last quarter of calendar 2020, the Company incurred project evaluation costs related to the commissioning of studies 
for the demonstration plant, the initiation of the planning stage of the feasibility study, and the advancement of the work 
on the EIA. The preliminary EIA Notification was filed at the end of the quarter ended June 30, 2020, and the results of the 
review process were received in January 2021. 

• 

• 

• 

The quarters ended June 30, 2020, September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2020 were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, 
causing delays and deferrals of feasibility study work and significant cost cutting measures.  

In  the  three  most  recent  quarters,  the  Company  focused  on  progressing  the  feasibility  study,  preparation  work  and 
permitting of the demonstration plant and the preparation of the Final ESIA. 

Fluctuations in the level of quarterly administrative expenditures is mainly attributed to the following: 

•  Other expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 are higher than the prior quarter as a result of increased professional 
fees resulting from the hiring of a financial adviser, increased investor relations, and higher product sales and marketing 
expenses relating to the MoUs signed by the Company. 

• 

The quarters ended June 30, 2020, September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2020 were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, 
which resulted in significant cost cutting measures, including temporary salary adjustments, re-negotiations, cancellations 
or interruptions of contracts and restricted travel. 

•  Other expenses for the most recent three quarters are higher as a result of increased investor relations expenses due to 
the engagement of service providers in Australia, due to an increase in filing and compliance fees relating to the private 
placements completed in the year ended September 30, 2021 and also due to higher number of employees in the corporate 
office in Canada. 

48 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

8.  Quarterly Financial Review (continued) 

Three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020  

Three months ended September 30, 

(expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share data) 

Exploration and evaluation expenses 

Engineering 

Remuneration 

Share-based compensation 

Drilling, sampling and surveys 

Travel 

Legal and professional fees 

Geological 

Market studies 

Supplies and rentals 

Other expenses 

Remuneration 

Share-based compensation 

Total remuneration 

Legal and professional fees 

Investor relations 

Product sales and marketing 

Travel 

Filing and compliance fees 

Accretion expense 

Office, general and administrative 

Insurance 

Conferences 

Depreciation 

Foreign exchange 

Total loss for the quarter 

Basic and diluted loss per common share 

2021    

$ 

685    

261    

86    

86    

13    

244    

18    

32    

12    

1,437    

434    

103    

537    

249    

95    

19    

14    

92    

6    

21    

34    

12    

39    

138    

1,256    

2,693    

$0.01 

2020    

$ 

111    

222    

50    

—    

—    

17    

—    

—    

9    

409    

249    

110    

359    

215    

94    

46    

(1)   

129    

10    

(20)   

35    

5    

16    

6    

894    

1,303    

$0.01 

Project evaluation costs for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, were $1,437,890 and $408,983 respectively. 
The increase over the comparative quarter in fiscal 2020 is due to the impact of COVID-19 in 2020 on the level of work conducted 
in connection with the advancement of the feasibility study work and the planning, permitting and other studies related to the 
demonstration plant. The delay in securing financing and COVID-19 restrictions prevented the Company from advancing the 
Project significantly in the three months ended September 30, 2020. The main cost variances include: an increase of $574,303 
in engineering costs which include environmental costs; an increase of $85,961 in geotechnical drilling, sampling and survey 
costs; an increase of $17,572 in geological costs; an increase in remuneration of $39,641 due to the hiring of employees in the 
Czech Republic; an increase of $35,949 in share-based compensation due to option grants in the second quarter of fiscal 2021; 
and an increase of $226,780 in legal and professional fees related mainly to land purchase negotiations. Also, market studies 
resumed after being temporarily suspended in 2020 which resulted in an increase of $32,164 in the current quarter.  

49 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

8.  Quarterly Financial Review (continued) 

The $364,135 increase in administrative costs for the three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the same period 
in 2020, is mainly attributable to: a $184,129 increase in remuneration due to a higher number of employees in the corporate 
office in Canada and the impact of COVID-19 related cost cutting measures in the comparative period; a $34,429 increase in 
legal  and  professional  expenses  related  to  the  OTCQX  listing  and  the  CEO  succession  plan  process  in  the  current  period;  a 
$15,883 increase in travel; a $7,809 increase in conferences as more EV related events, mainly virtual, were available in the 
current  period,  an  increase  of  $40,753  in  office,  general  and  administrative  costs  due  to  the  Company's  office  move  and 
increased IT costs; and an increase of $132,131 in foreign exchange loss arising from revaluation of the liabilities for the royalty 
buy back and land deposits at period end. The overall increase in administrative costs was partially offset by: a $26,926 decrease 
in product sales and marketing; and a decrease of $36,613 in filing and compliance fees as a result of the private placement in 
the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020.  

9.  Liquidity and Capital Resources 

As  at  September  30,  2021,  the  Company  held  cash  of  approximately  $31.2  million.  Cash  is  held  with  reputable  financial 
institutions and is invested in high-quality, highly liquid short-term investments with maturities of three months or less. The 
funds are not exposed to significant liquidity risk and there are no restrictions on the ability of the Company to use these funds 
to meet its obligations.  

The increase in cash of $28.5 million during the year ended September 30, 2021, is a result of $40.4 million of cash generated 
from financing activities, which included two private placements in fiscal 2021 and certain warrant and share option exercises. 
This increase was partially offset by cash used in operating and investing activities of $7.8 million and $4.2 million, respectively. 
The use of cash in investing activities represents the first two instalments paid for the demonstration plant, the first instalment 
for the net smelter royalty buy back, the second payment of the EPCS Option and certain land related payments. Working capital 
increased by $23.2 million during the year ended September 30, 2021, to $26.1 million from $2.9 million at September 30, 2020.  

Additional  funding  will  be  required  for  the  potential  future  construction  of  infrastructure  and  facilities  for  the  Chvaletice 
Manganese Project. The ability of the Company to arrange such equity financings will depend principally upon prevailing market 
conditions, the business performance of the Company, and other factors such as further disruptions resulting from an extended 
duration  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic.    Such  funding  may  not  be  available  when  needed,  if  at  all,  or  be  available  on  terms 
favourable to the Company and its shareholders. Failure to obtain such additional financing could result in a delay, indefinite 
postponement or curtailment of further evaluation and development of the Company’s principal property. 

The Company’s commitments at September 30, 2021, are shown in section 12 of this MD&A.  

10. Off Balance Sheet Arrangements 

As at September 30, 2021, there are no off-balance sheet arrangements which could have a material impact on current or future 
results of operations or the financial condition of the Company.  

11. Related Party Transactions 

For the year ended September 30, 2021, amounts paid to related parties were incurred in the normal course of operations and 
measured at the exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the transacting parties.  

At September 30, 2021, key management personnel include those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, 
directing and controlling the activities of the Company as a whole, and consisted of the Company’s Board of Directors, President 
and  Chief  Executive  Officer,  Chief  Financial  Officer,  Vice  President,  Corporate  Development  and  Corporate  Secretary,  Vice 
President, Operations, Chief Technology Officer and the Managing Director of the Company’s Czech subsidiary. 

50 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

11. Related Party Transactions (continued) 

Salaries and fees 

Share-based compensation 

Year ended September 30, 

2021 

$ 
1,787,234    

192,908    

1,980,142    

2020 

$ 

1,160,479    

243,663    

1,404,142    

Fees provided by PRK Partners s.r.o. (“PRK”), a legal firm associated with a former director of the Company, for the year ended 
September 30, 2021, amounted to $27,757 (2020 - $149,519). The current and prior year fees related to general legal services 
and various land purchase negotiations. Fees paid to the advisory board members for the year ended September 30, 2021, 
amounted to $25,000 (2020 - $9,314). 

At September 30, 2021, amounts owing to officers of the Company for salaries amounted to $33,803 (2020  - $16,158) and 
represented salary owing to the Managing Director of Mangan. At September 30, 2021, no fees were owing to the directors of 
the Company. At  September  30, 2020, fees owing to PRK  as a  related party amounted  to $576.  Other amounts payable to 
officers and directors for the reimbursement of travel related expenses were $14,998 at September 30, 2021 (2020 - $3,983). 

12. Contractual Commitments 

Contractual committed undiscounted cash flow requirements as at September 30, 2021, are as follows: 

Payments due by period 

Total  Less than one year 

1 - 2 years 

Minimum office lease payments (1) 

Operating expenditure commitments (2) 

$ 

7,496    

43,355    

$ 

5,657    

43,355    

Total contractual obligations 
(1) The Company has one non-cancellable operating office leases expiring within two years. 
(2) Operating expenditure commitments relate to the evaluation work on the Chvaletice Manganese Project. 

50,851    

49,012    

$ 

1,839    

—    

1,839    

In addition to the commitments disclosed above, the Company has entered into various agreements related to the feasibility 
study and the demonstration plant. These contracts can be canceled by the Company upon notice without penalty, subject to 
the costs incurred up to and in respect of the cancellation. 

The Company has entered into employment agreements with its executive officers in which the individuals are entitled to a 
combination of base salary, extended benefits, specified milestones payments, and may be eligible for annual performance-
based bonus as determined by the Board in its sole discretion. Following termination without cause, executive officers are also 
entitled to 12-month written notice or pay in lieu of notice of termination equivalent to 12 months’ salary. Further, upon a 
change of control, as defined in their employment agreements, certain executives are entitled to lump sum payments of twenty-
four months of their base salaries. Total maximum commitment upon change of control would amount to $1.5 million.  

The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. 

51 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

13. Outstanding Share Data 

The Company’s authorized share capital consists of an unlimited number of common shares without par value. The following 
common shares, stock options and share purchase warrants were outstanding at December 16, 2021: 

Issued and outstanding common shares 
Share options 
Warrants 

Number of securities 
377,843,415    
18,970,998    
8,500,000    

Pursuant to two investment instalments received from EIT InnoEnergy in the aggregate amount of  €187,500 ($278,012), the 
Company expects to issue 478,027 common shares to EIT InnoEnergy in January 2022, at an average price of $0.5816 per share. 
Additionally, pursuant to the royalty termination agreements entered into on May 31, 2021, the Company, at  its sole option, 
may pay up to 50% of the remaining obligations due thereunder, in the aggregate amount of USD3.6 million (approximately 
$4.5 million), in common shares based on a price per share equal to the 20-day weighted volume average on the TSX-V prior to 
the date of issuance (section 3 of this MD&A). 

14. Proposed Transactions 

As at September 30, 2021, there is no proposed asset or business acquisition or disposition being considered that would affect 
the financial condition, financial performance or cash flows of the Company.   

15. Significant Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments 

Basis of preparation and accounting policies 

The Company's consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. A detailed 
description of the Company's significant accounting policies can be found in note 3 of the Company's September 2021 Financial 
Statements. The impact of future accounting changes is disclosed in Note 3.13. to the September 2021 Financial Statements. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgments 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates that 
affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosures  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the 
consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Areas of 
judgment  and key sources of estimation uncertainty that have the most significant  effect are disclosed in note 3.14. of the 
September 2021 Financial Statements. 

16. Financial Instruments and Financial Risk Management 

A description of the Company's financial instruments and financial risks that the Company is exposed to and management of 
these risks can be found in notes 10 and 11, respectively, of the Company's September 2021 Financial Statements. 

52 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2021 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

17. Internal Controls over Financial Reporting and Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

The Company’s management, under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) are 
responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate disclosure controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures 
are designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to the CEO and CFO during the reporting period. The Company’s CEO and CFO believe that the 
Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be 
disclosed  under  applicable  securities  regulations  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods 
specified in the securities legislation.  

Management, including the CEO and CFO, has evaluated the design and operating effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure 
controls  and  procedures  as  of  September  30,  2021.  Based  on  this  evaluation,  management  concluded  that  the  Company’s 
disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in NI 52-109 - Certification of Disclosure in Issuer’s Annual and Interim Filings, 
are effective to achieve the purpose for which they have been designed. 

Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting 

Management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external 
purposes in accordance with IFRS. The Company uses the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
("COSO") internal control framework to design internal controls over financial reporting. 

Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (1) pertain to the maintenance of records 
that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and disposition of assets, (2) provide reasonable assurance 
that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS, and that 
receipts  and  expenditures  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the 
Company, and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or 
disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.  

Because of their inherent limitations, internal controls over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance and may 
not  prevent  or detect misstatements. The design, maintenance and testing of any system of controls is based in part  upon 
certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and any control system may not succeed in achieving its stated goals 
under all potential future conditions. 

Management, under the supervision and with the participation of our CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness of the 
design and operating effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2021. Based 
on its evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting, as defined in NI 52-109 
- Certification of Disclosure in Issuer’s Annual and Interim Filings, are effective to achieve the purpose for which they have been 
designed. 

18. Forward-Looking Statements and Risks Notice 

Except  for  statements  of  historical  fact  relating  to  the  Company,  certain  information  contained  in  this  MD&A  constitutes 
forward-looking statements or forward-looking information. Forward-looking statements or information typically include words 
and phrases about the future, such as: “seek”, “anticipate”, “plan”, “continue”, “estimate”, “expect”, “may”, “will”, “project”, 
“predict”, “potential”, “targeting”, “intend”, “could”, “might”, “should”, “believe”, “will likely result”, “are expected to”, “will 
continue”, “is anticipated”, “believes”, “estimated”, “intends”, “plans”, “projection”, “outlook” and similar expressions. These 
statements involve known and unknown risks, assumptions, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results or 
events  to  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in  such  forward-looking  statements.  The  Company  believes  there  is  a 
reasonable basis for the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements, however no assurance can be given that 
these expectations will prove to be correct and the forward-looking statements included herein should not be unduly relied 
upon. 

53 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the Year Ended September 30, 2020 
Euro Manganese Inc. 

18. Forward-Looking Statements and Risks Notice (continued) 

All of the results of the PEA constitute forward-looking information or statements, including estimates of internal rates 
of return, payback periods, net present values, future production, estimates of cash cost, assumed long term prices for 
HPEMM  and  HPMSM,  proposed  extraction  plans  and  methods,  operating  life  estimates,  cash  flow  forecasts,  metal 
recoveries  and  estimates  of  capital  and  operating  costs.  Furthermore,  with  respect  to  this  specific  forward-looking 
information concerning the development of the Chvaletice Manganese Project, the Company has based its assumptions 
and analysis on certain factors that are inherently uncertain. Uncertainties include among others: (i) the adequacy of 
infrastructure; (ii) the ability to develop adequate processing capacity; (iii) the price of HPEMM and HPMSM; (iv)  the 
ability to acquire or obtain access to the surface rights to the lands under the Chvaletice tailings; (v)the availability of 
equipment and facilities necessary to complete development; (vi) the size of future processing plants and future tailings 
extraction rates; (vii) the cost of consumables and extraction and processing equipment; (viii) unforeseen technological 
and  engineering  problems;  (ix)  currency  fluctuations;  (x)  changes  in  laws  or  regulations;  (xi)  the  availability  and 
productivity of skilled labour; and (xii) the regulation of the mining industry by various governmental agencies. 

Such forward-looking information or statements also include, without limitation, statements regarding the Company’s 
intentions  regarding  the  Project  in  the  Czech  Republic,  including  without  limitation,  the  continued  evaluation  and 
development  of  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project,  the  completion  of  a  feasibility  study,  the  building  of  the 
demonstration plant in the Czech Republic, the Company's ability to secure additional financing and/or strategic partners 
for the ongoing development of the Chvaletice Manganese Project, its ability to acquire or obtain access to the remaining 
land  or  surface  rights  needed  for  the  Chvaletice  Manganese  Project,  the  filing  of  a  Final  EIA  and  related  permit 
applications with the Czech regulatory agencies and local communities, the growth and development of the high-purity 
manganese products market and any other matters relating to the evaluation, planning and development of the Project. 
The Company also cautions readers that the PEA supporting the technical feasibility or economic viability of the Chvaletice 
Manganese  Project,  including  the  marketability  of  the  high-purity  manganese  products,  extraction  method,  costs, 
processing, metal recoveries and any other technical aspects related to the Chvaletice Manganese Project, is preliminary 
in nature and there is no certainty that the results in the PEA will be realized. 

This MD&A also contains references to estimates of Mineral Resources. The estimation of Mineral Resources is inherently 
uncertain  and  involves  subjective  judgments  about  many  relevant  factors.  Mineral  Resources  that  are  not  Mineral 
Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. The accuracy of any such estimates is a function of the quantity 
and  quality  of  available  data,  and  of  the  assumptions  made  and  judgments  used  in  engineering  and  geological 
interpretation, which may prove to be unreliable and depend, to a certain extent, upon the analysis of drilling results and 
statistical  inferences  that  may  ultimately  prove  to  be  inaccurate.  Mineral  Resource  estimates  may  have  to  be  re-
estimated based on, among other things: (i) fluctuations in manganese or other mineral prices; (ii) results of drilling; (iii) 
results of metallurgical testing and other studies; (iv) changes to proposed extraction operations, including recoveries 
and dilution; (v) the evaluation of extraction and operating plans subsequent to the date of any estimates; and (vi) the 
possible failure to receive required permits, approvals and licences. 

The Company is engaged in the evaluation, exploration and development of mineral projects which, by their nature, are 
speculative.  Accordingly,  the  Company  is  subject  to  risks  associated  with  its  industry  and  business,  including  but  not 
limited to: risks inherent in the mineral exploration and evaluation and mineral extraction business; commodity price 
fluctuations;  competition  for  mineral  properties;  mineral  resources  and  reserves  and  recovery  estimates;  currency 
fluctuations;  interest  rate  risk;  financing  risk;  environmental  risk;  country  risk;  permitting  risk;  political  risk;  legal 
proceedings; and numerous other risks. A summary of the risks relating to the business of the Company and industry-
related risks, and risks relating to the Company’s Shares is included in the Company’s Annual Information Form dated 
December 16, 2021, filed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com under the Company’s profile. Additional risks associated with the 
COVID-19 global pandemic are discussed in section 2 of this MD&A. 

If any of such risks or uncertainties actually occur, the Company’s business, financial condition or operating results could 
be harmed substantially and could differ materially from the plans and other forward-looking statements discussed in 
this MD&A. The Company will not necessarily update this information unless it is required to by securities laws. 

54 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
MINING TENEMENTS AND MINERAL RESOURCE STATEMENT  

Mining Tenements Held by the Company and the Percentage Interest held in each Mining Tenement: 

Tenement 
Trnávka I 
Preliminary Mining 
Permit 
Preliminary Mining 
Permit 
Trnávka II 

License Status 
Exploration  
Preliminary Mining 
Permit 
Preliminary Mining 
Permit 
Exploration  

Notes: 

Reference 
631/550/14-Hd 
MZP/2018/550/387-HD  

Note 
1 
2 

Interest 
Acquired 
During Year 
- 
- 

Interest 
Divested 
During Year 
- 
100% 

MZP/2021/550/768-HD  

MZP/2018/550/386-HD  

2 

3 

100% 

- 

- 

- 

Interest 
Held at 
Year-end 
100% 
- 

100% 

100% 

1.  Exploration license 631/550/14-Hd, issued by the Czech Ministry of Environment in favour of Mangan Chvaletice s.r.o. 

was valid until 31 May 2023. On 2 July 2021, Mangan received an extension of this license until 31 May 2026.  

2.  The  Preliminary  Mining  Permit  is  the  prior  consent  of  the  Ministry  of  Environment  of  the  Czech  Republic  for  the 
establishment of the Mining Lease District and covers the areas covered by Exploration Licenses Trnávka I and Trnávka 
II.  The Preliminary Mining Permit was valid until 30 April 2023, and was replaced by a new Preliminary Mining License 
valid until 31 May 2026.  

3.  Exploration license MZP/2018/550/386-HD, issued by the Czech Ministry of Environment in favour of Mangan was valid 

until 31 May 2023. On 2 July 2021, Mangan received an extension of this license until 31 May 2026. 

Mineral Resources Statement: 

The Company reviews and reports its mineral resources at least annually. The date of reporting is 30 September 
each  year,  to  coincide  with  the  Company’s  end  of  fiscal  year.    If  there  are  any  material  changes  to  its  mineral 
resources over the course of the year, the Company is required to report these changes.   

The mineral resource statement for the Chvaletice Manganese Project in the Czech Republic, as at the current and 
previous balance sheet dates, 30 September 2021 and 2020, respectively, is prepared in accordance with Canadian 
National  Instrument  43-101  and  JORC  Code  (2012  Edition).  The  mineral  resource  statement  presented  below  is 
derived from the independent NI 43-101 technical report with an effective date of January 29, 2019 (released March 
15, 2019) entitled  "Technical Report and Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Chvaletice Manganese Project 
Chvaletice, Czech Republic" and the JORC Code Competent Persons Report with an effective date of January 29, 2019 
(release date of March 22, 2019) entitled "Public Reporting and Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Chvaletice 
Manganese Project Chvaletice, Czech Republic," both prepared by Mr. James Barr, P. Geo, Mr. Jianhui (John) Huang, 
Ph.D., P. Eng., Mr. Mark Horan, P. Eng., Mr. Hassan Ghaffari, P. Eng., and Mr. Chris Johns, P. Eng. 

Tailings 
Cell # 

Classification 

Dry In -situ Bulk 
Density (t/m3) 

Volume (m3) 

Tonnage 
(metric tonnes) 

Total Mn (%) 

Soluble Mn (%) 

#1 

#2 

#3 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

TOTAL 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

COMBINED 

M&I 

1.52 

1.47 

1.53 

1.55 

1.45 

1.45 

1.51 

1.50 

1.51 

6,577,000 

10,029,000 

160,000 

236,000 

7,990,000 

12,201,000 

123,000 

189,000 

2,942,000 

4,265,000 

27,000 

39,000 

17,509,000 

26,496,000 

309,000 

464,000 

17,818,000 

26,960,000 

7.95 

8.35 

6.79 

7.22 

7.35 

7.90 

7.32 

7.85 

7.33 

6.49 

6.67 

5.42 

5.30 

5.63 

5.89 

5.86 

6.05 

5.86 

55 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes: 
1.  Mineral  Resources  do  not  have  demonstrated  economic  viability  but  have  reasonable  prospects  for  eventual  economic 
extraction. Indicated Resources have lower confidence than Measured Resources. Inferred Resources have lower confidence 
than Indicated Resources.  Mineral Reserves have not been defined for the Project. The estimate of Mineral Resources may 
be materially affected by environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, sociopolitical, marketing, or other relevant issues. 

2.  Numbers may not add exactly due to rounding.  
3.  The independent mineral resource estimates for the Chvaletice Manganese project was prepared by Tetra Tech Canada Inc. 
(“Tetra Tech”) and is reported and classified in accordance with the guidelines of the 2012 Australasian Code for Reporting of 
Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code 2012) and the Canadian National Instruments 43-
101.  

4.  A  preliminary  break-even  grade  of  3.20%  tMn  was  estimated  to  test  the  mineral  resources  as  reasonable  prospects  for 
eventual economic extraction. Since this estimated break-even grade falls below the grades reported for most of the resource 
blocks (excluding 10,000 t which have grades less than 3.20% tMn) a cut-off grade was not applied to the tailings resource 
block model. 

Governance Arrangements and Internal Controls:  The Company has ensured that the mineral resources quoted are 
subject to good governance arrangements and internal controls. The mineral resources reported have been based 
on information compiled by Mr. James Barr, P. Geo, Senior Geologist, and Mr. Jianhui (John) Huang, Ph.D., P. Eng., 
Senior Metallurgical Engineer, both with, or formerly with, Tetra Tech.  Messrs. Barr and Huang are consultants to 
the Company and have sufficient experience in the field of activity being reported to qualify as Competent Persons 
as defined in the 2012 edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resource and 
Ore  Reserves,  and  both  are  Qualified  Persons  under  National  Instrument  43-101  –  ‘Standards  of  Disclosure  for 
Mineral  Projects’.    The  consultants have  also  undertaken  reviews  of  the  quality  and  suitability  of  the  underlying 
information used to generate the resource estimation. In addition, technical information concerning the Chvaletice 
Manganese Project is reviewed by Ms. Andrea Zaradic, the Company’s Vice President Operations, and a Qualified 
Person under NI 43-101. Ms. Zaradic is not independent within the meaning of NI 43-101. 

Competent Persons and Qualifying Person Statements 

The information in this annual  report  that relates to Mineral Resources in relation to the Chvaletice  Manganese 
Project is based on information compiled by Messrs. Barr and Huang of Tetra Tech, both of whom are members of 
the Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia. Messrs.  Barr and Huang are consultants to the Company and 
have  sufficient  experience  in  the  style  of  mineralisation  and  to  the  activity  undertaken  to  qualify  as  Competent 
Persons  as  defined  in  the  2012  edition  of  the  Australasian  Code  for  Reporting  of  Exploration  Results,  Mineral 
Resource and Ore Reserves and are Qualified Persons under National Instrument 43-101 – ‘Standards of Disclosure 
for Mineral Projects’.  Messrs. Barr and Huang consent to the inclusion in the annual report of the matters based on 
this information in the form and context in which it appears.  

The  technical reports  and competent  persons reports  relating to  Mineral  Resources  are available to view on the 
Company’s website at www.mn25.com and the ASX’s Market Announcement Platform, respectively. The Company 
confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the 
original market announcement and that all material assumptions in the market announcement continue to apply 
and have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Persons’ 
and  Qualifying  Persons’  findings  are  presented  have  not  been  materially  modified  from  the  original  market 
announcements. 

56 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER ASX ANNUAL REPORT INFORMATION  

The following information is provided pursuant to ASX Listing Rule 4.10, of Chapter 4 – Periodic Disclosure, and is complete 
unless the specific requirement is not applicable to Euro Manganese Inc. or unless the Company has received a waiver with 
respect to such requirement:  

Corporate Governance Statement 

The Company’s Corporate Governance Statement is provided on the Company’s website at 
https://www.mn25.ca/corporate-governance-statement 

Names of Substantial Shareholders 

There are no substantial holders of the Company as of 30 November 2021. 

Number of Holders of Each Class of Securities(1) 

The Company’s authorized share capital consists of an unlimited number of Shares without par value.  As of 30 November 
2021, 377,483,415 Shares (including CDIs) were issued and outstanding and held by 7,741 shareholders, one of which (CDS 
& Co.) held 104,471,636 Shares on behalf of 32 nominee and depository entities.  As of 16 December 2021, the number of 
Shares issued and outstanding remained at 377,483,415 and there were 18,970,998 Shares issuable on the exercise of 
incentive stock options held by  twenty-nine option holders, and  8,500,000 Shares issuable on the exercise of common 
share purchase warrants held by one warrant holder. 

Voting Rights 

All of the Shares (including CDIs) rank equally as to voting rights, participation in a distribution of the assets of the Company 
on a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company and entitlement to any dividends declared by the Company. 
The holders of the Shares are entitled to receive notice of, and to attend and vote at, all meetings of shareholders, with 
each Share carrying the right to one vote. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, or any 
other  distribution  of  the  assets  of  the  Company  among  its  shareholders  for  the  purpose  of  winding-up  its  affairs,  the 
holders of the Shares will be entitled to receive, on a pro rata basis, all of the assets remaining after the payment by the 
Company of all of its liabilities. The holders of Shares are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by the Board 
in  respect  of  the  Shares  on  a  pro  rata  basis.    The  Shares  do  not  carry  any  pre-emptive,  subscription,  redemption  or 
conversion rights. 

Distribution of Holders(1)  

As of 30 November 2021, the distribution of shareholders was as follows: 

Size of holding 
1 – 1,000 
1,000 – 5,000 
5,001 – 10,000 
10,001 – 100,000 
100,001 and over 
Total 

Number of holders 
1,014 
3,309 
1,387 
1,823 
208 
7,741 

Percentage 
13.10% 
42.74% 
17.92% 
23.55% 
2.69% 
100.00% 

Holders with Less than a Marketable Parcel of the Company’s Main Class of Securities(1) 

As of 30 November 2021, there were approximately 674 holders of the Company’s Shares/CDIs with less than a Marketable 
Parcel, based on the closing price of the CDIs on the ASX as of that date of A$0.525. 

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Name of Corporate Secretary 

Mr. Fausto Taddei is Vice President Corporate Development and Corporate Secretary. 

Address and Telephone Number of the Company’s Registered Office in Australia and its Principal Administrative Office 

The  Company  has  no  registered  or  administrative  offices  in  Australia.  The  Company’s  registered  and  principal 
administrative offices are located at: 

Registered Office: 
Suite 1700 - 666 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British 
Columbia  
V6C 2X8   Canada 

Canada: 
#709 - 700 West Pender Street, 
Vancouver, British Columbia,  
V6C 1G8   Canada 
Tel: + 1 604 681 1010 

Address and Telephone Number of Each Office at which a Register of Securities is Kept 

The Register of securities is kept at the following offices  

Australia: 
Computershare Investor Services Pty Limited 
Level 4, 60 Carrington Street 
Sydney NSW 2000, Australia 
Toll Free 1300 855 080 
Toll +61 (03) 9415 4000 

Canada: 
Computershare Investor Services Inc. 
510 Burrard Street, 3rd Floor 
Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 3B9 
Canada 
Tel: + 1 604 661 9400 

A list of Other Stock Exchanges on which any of the Company’s Securities are Quoted 

The Company’s Common Shares are quoted on the TSX Venture Exchange (“TSXV”) under the symbol “EMN” and on the 
OTCQX Best Market (“OTCQX”) under the symbol “EUMNF.” 

Number and Class of Restricted Securities 

As of 30 November 2021, there are no restricted securities. 

Particulars of Unquoted Equity Securities 

Unquoted equity securities include options and warrants to purchase shares.   

The Board has adopted a stock option plan (the “Stock Option Plan”) whereby the maximum number of Shares that may 
be reserved for issuance under outstanding stock options is 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding Shares on a 
non-diluted basis, as constituted on the date of any grant of options under the Stock Option Plan.  The purpose of the 
Stock Option Plan is to allow the Company to grant options to directors, officers, employees and consultants, as additional 
compensation and as an opportunity to participate in the success of the Company.  The granting of such options is intended 
to align the interests of such persons with that of the Company’s shareholders.   

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Particulars of Unquoted Equity Securities (continued) 

As of 30 November 2021, there were Shares issuable on the exercise of incentive stock options held by twenty-eight option 
holders, having the following exercise prices and expiry dates:  

Number of Options 
1,425,000 
1,075,000 
2,450,000 
475,000 
2,425,000 
500,000 
1,000,000 
2,041,665 
150,000 
150,000 
166,666 
3,762,667 
500,000 
2,350,000 
500,000 

Exercise Prices (CAD$) 
$0.08 
$0.10 
$0.11 
$0.11 
$0.20 
$0.20 
$0.25 
$0.28 
$0.25 
$0.25 
$0.25 
$0.11 
$0.125 
$0.61 
$0.59 

Expiry Date 
16 May 2026 
06 April 2027 
22 September 2027 
14 December 2027 
21 February 2028 
20 March 2028 
15 August 2028 
14 February 2029 
14 May 2029 
12 August 2029 
06 April 2030 
11 September 2030 
22 September 2030 
30 March 2031 
22 June 2031 

As of 30 November 2021, the Company has outstanding the following broker warrants entitling the holder to purchase 
Shares on the exercise of warrants having the following exercise prices and expiry dates: 

Number of Warrants 
2,500,000 
3,000,000 
3,000,000 

Exercise Prices (CAD$) 
$0.58 
$0.30 
$0.35 

Expiry Date 
10 May 2023 
16 December 2023 
16 December 2023 

Review of Operations and Activities for the Reporting Period 

A  review  of  operations  of  the  consolidated  entity  for  the  reporting  period  ended  30  September  2021  is  provided  in 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis included in this Annual Report immediately following the consolidated financial 
statements for the same period.   

Additional information on the Company, its directors and executive management, and risk factors faced by the Company 
can be found in the Company’s Annual Information Form for the year ended 30 September 2021, dated 16 December 2021, 
a  copy  of which  is  lodged  with  ASX  (www.asx.com.au)  and  on  SEDAR  (at  www.sedar.com), both  under the  Company’s 
profile. 

Details of director and executive compensation will be included in the Management’s Information Circular for the Annual 
General Meeting of shareholders. 

Details of a Current On-market Buy-back 

None. 

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Shares and Options Issued under the Stock Option Plan 

The following table represents the number of Shares exercised and the number of Options granted under the Company’s 
Stock Option Plan for the reporting period ended 30 September 2021: 

Date of Issue 
20 November 2020 
26 November 2020 
30 March 2021 
31 March 2021 
16 April 2021 
03 May 2021 
22 June 2021 
05 July 2021 
05 July 2021 
30 July 2021 
30 July 2021 
30 July 2021 
30 July 2021 
30 July 2021 
25 August 2021 
25 August 2021 
30 August 2021 
01 September 2021 

Number of Securities 
334,000 
125,000 
2,350,000 Options 
33,333 
16,667 
50,000 
500,000 Options 
125,000 
75,000 
200,000 
375,000 
375,000 
300,000 
200,000 
335,333 
250,000 
250,000 
75,000 

Issue Price (CAD$) 
$0.11 
$0.20 
$0.61 
$0.28 
$0.28 
$0.25 
$0.59 
$0.20 
$0.28 
$0.08 
$0.10 
$0.11 
$0.20 
$0.28 
$0.11 
$0.25 
$0.20 
$0.28 

Description  
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Option Grant 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Option Grant 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 
Exercise of Options 

Use of Cash in a Manner Consistent with Business Objectives 

The Company has used its cash and assets in a form readily convertible into cash that it had at the time of listing in a way 
consistent with its stated business objectives. Refer to Section 9 of the Management’s Discussion and Analysis, included in 
this Annual Report, for a comparison of the actual use of proceeds to the expected use of  proceeds as provided in its 
prospectus offering documents.  

Summary of Securities Approved for the purposes of Item 7 of section 611 of the Corporations Act which have not yet 
been completed 

None. 

Details of Securities Purchased On-market during the Reporting Period 

None. 

Names of any Person having a Beneficial Ownership of more than 10% of any  Class of Securities of Voting or Equity 
Securities and the Number of Securities in which each Substantial Holder has an interest: 

To the best of the Company’s knowledge, there are no persons having beneficial ownership of more than 10% of any class 
of any securities of the Company.  

60 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Information: 

The Company was incorporated under the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) on 24 November 2014. 

The Company is not subject to chapters 6, 6A, 6B and 6C of the Corporations Act (Australia) dealing with the acquisition of 
its shares (including substantial holdings and takeovers).  

There are no limitations on the acquisition of securities imposed by the jurisdiction in which the Company is incorporated 
and  registered,  and  there  are  no  limitations  on  the  acquisition  of  securities  imposed  under  the  Company’s  articles  of 
incorporation. 

Note  1:    In  Canada,  in  order  for  shares  to  settle  and  trade  on  the  TSXV,  shares  must  be  held  through  a  nominee  or 
depository that is a participant in the Canadian Depository for Securities  (“CDS”). Participants in CDS include brokers in 
Canada and other registered entities. Through participant accounts in CDS, the ultimate shareholder is able to make and 
settle trades on TSXV.  As at 30 November 2021, 104,471,636 shares were held through CDS in 32 participant accounts. 
The Company is not readily able to determine the range of distribution for these 104,471,636 shares held in CDS and how 
many shareholders, if any, hold less than a marketable parcel of the Company’s shares.  Accordingly, the distribution of 
shareholders and the number of shareholders with less than a marketable parcel of the Company’s shares/CDIs may not 
be accurate. 

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