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Exxaro Resources Ltd
Annual Report 2010

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FY2010 Annual Report · Exxaro Resources Ltd
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INTEGRATED 
ANNUAL REPORT

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2010

(cid:71)(cid:70)(cid:78)(cid:60)(cid:73)(cid:64)(cid:69)(cid:62)(cid:23)(cid:71)(cid:70)(cid:74)(cid:74)(cid:64)(cid:57)(cid:64)(cid:67)(cid:64)(cid:75)(cid:80)

PROFILE

One  of  the 

largest  black  empowerment  mining 

companies on the JSE Limited, Exxaro Resources is a 

constituent of the JSE’s Top 40 index and one of the 

best-performing  constituents  of  the  JSE’s  Socially 

Responsible Investment index. At year end, Exxaro had 

assets of R28,6 billion.

Exxaro  is  a  diverse  resources  group  with  a  portfolio 

CONTENTS

Group in brief
Material issues

2 Values
2 Highlights
3 Business objectives
4 Key ratios
5 Shareholder structure
5 Group at a glance
8 Locations
9 Financial summary
10 Summary of business operations

of coal, mineral sands and base metals assets as well 

Year under review

as a significant indirect interest in iron ore. The group 

has operations in South Africa, Australia, Namibia and 

China, and a pipeline of growth projects that is arguably 

among the best in its peer group.

The  group’s  strategic  focus,  record  of  innovation  and 

commitment  to  sustainable  development  underpin 

its  promise  to  contribute  to  the  economic  growth  of 

South Africa.

ABOUT THIS REPORT

Guided  by  global  best-practice  standards,  including  the  Global  Reporting 

Initiative  (GRI)  guidelines,  King  III  and  new  legislation  in  South  Africa,  and 

ongoing consultation with stakeholders, Exxaro produces an integrated annual 

report detailing the group’s economic, social and environmental performance.

Any  forward-looking  information  or  statements  in  this  report  must  not  be 

construed  as  an  official  forecast  nor  relied  on.  The  financial  information  on 

which any forward-looking information is based has also not been reviewed nor 

reported on by Exxaro’s auditors.

This report is only available in English.

www.exxaro.com

PLEASE  
TURN  
OVER

Information management

14 Approach to sustainable development
16 Risk management
21
22 Strategic focus areas
25 Stakeholder engagement
30 Report scope and boundary
32 Macro-economic and commodity review
38 Chairman’s statement
44 Chief executive officer’s review
48 Financial and operational review
60 Growth

Performance review

64 Review of mineral resources and reserves
78 Safety
83 Health and hygiene
91 Environment

120 Social performance

120 Human resources
129 Procurement
131 Socio-economic development

Governance review

140 Executive committee
142 Directorate
144 Regulatory compliance and  
corporate governance
148 Corporate governance
156 Mining charter scorecard
160 Remuneration report
168 Shareholder information and analysis

170 Assurance report
175 GRI indicator index

Financial statements
183 Annual financial statements

Administration

304 Notice of annual general meeting
308 Biographies of directors up for re-election
309 Form of proxy
IBC Administration and shareholders’ diary

MATERIAL ISSUES

These material issues were identified by consulting with stakeholders and using GRI guidelines 
(page 173). They are grouped and indexed according to Exxaro’s risk map (page 17) where 
applicable, and cross-referenced to detailed explanations elsewhere in this report where 
necessary.

Issue

>   Water

Availability, security of supply, efficient and responsible use of 
scarce water resources

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>   Hazardous waste management

>   Air quality management

>   Climate change

>   Cleaner production

>   Energy and greenhouse gases

>   Biodiversity management

Avoidance, minimisation, management and disposal of hazardous 
as well as general waste generated from Exxaro operations
Quantifying and determining the impact of emissions from  
Exxaro operations; managing non-compliance and ensuring 
continuous improvement. Focus includes dust from mining 
activities and emissions from smelters
Projected temperature increases could reduce water availability 
significantly in southern Africa, reduce agricultural yields across 
the continent, and place millions of people at risk of coastal 
flooding each year. From a South African perspective, the eastern 
part could experience higher rainfall while the western part could 
face water scarcity
Reduce environmental footprint from waste production and water 
use
Improve energy efficiency and increase use of renewable energy

Conserving biodiversity-rich sections, eradicating and controlling 
alien invasive species

>   Closure and rehabilitation

>   Significant environmental 

incidents

Continual review of rehabilitation assessments and 
implementation plans

Consider third-party applications for mines in closure
Retaining our licence to operate through regulatory and 
legislative compliance

>   Socio-economic development 

(projects, donations)

Approval and implementation of local economic development 
projects and donations as per social and labour plans

>   Social and labour plans
>   Community engagement 

>   Development of artisanal and 

small scale mining 

>   Employment opportunities

>   Support for development of small 

businesses and supply chain 
management (procurement, local 
procurement and empowerment) 

Granting and execution of submitted plans
Consultation with all authorities and interested and affected 
parties
Identification of small-scale mining projects

Preference for recruiting from areas surrounding current 
operations and labour-sending areas

Employment equity progressively addressed in employment 
practices
Facilitating socio-economic development and empowerment

 
 
Response

Integrated water and waste management programme implemented. Comprehensive plans being 
developed for each business unit in addition to studies on water reclamation and reuse

Hazardous waste management targets will be set in 2011 after approval of a policy document

Updated targets will be set in 2011 to ensure compliance, as a minimum, with applicable national 
standards

Risk map

Page

3, 9

95 — 98

3

3

99

105

The risks and related opportunities have been integrated into a climate change response strategy

7, 9

100

Budget allocation for numerous related projects requested 

Developed energy management and tracking system; studies under way on renewable energy 
projects
Biodiversity action plans developed for five operating units, with balance to be completed in 2011. 
Expenditure of R30 million in 2010 expected to increase in subsequent years as plans are 
implemented. Sponsoring research on biodiversity at selected universities, including specific 
studies at Exxaro operations and areas surrounding these operations
Performance assessments against approved environmental management programmes completed 
at eight operations and submitted to relevant authorities. Good progress with social and 
rehabilitation plans at closed mines, Durnacol and Hlobane

Continuous discipline in complying to regulatory and legal requirements

Socio-economic funds paid to business units to implement projects and donations totalled 2,5% 
of net profit after tax of managed operations in 2010. Total contribution to socio-economic 
development projects, corporate commitment and donations was R38,6 million

With the focus on sustainability, financial support for the following university chairs was approved 
in December 2010:
>   Exxaro chair in global change and sustainability at Wits: R12,5 million (2011–2015)
>   Exxaro chair in business and climate change at Unisa: R7,5 million (renewed support for 

2011–2015)

>   Exxaro chair on the interface between biodiversity and business at Pretoria: R3,4 million 

(2011–2013)

Mining right conversions and new-order approvals for most of our operations have been granted
In terms of the social and labour plans and other socio-economic development-related activities, 
engagement with all relevant stakeholders takes place at each business unit
At Grootegeluk mine, a feasibility study has been conducted for the Re a Dira small-scale mining 
project. This will be considered for approval in 2011
90% of Exxaro’s learnership intake as well as some 80% of unskilled and semi-skilled employees 
are from areas surrounding current operations, and 60% of these are from designated groups. 
The housing project at Medupi created a number of employment opportunities for people from 
the Lephalale area

Exxaro allocated over R13 million to developing enterprises, the bulk of its socio-economic 
development funding

R3,8 billion of group procurement spend went to HDSA suppliers; 50% of the total discretionary 
procurement spend

3, 7

3, 7

3

3

3

3

3
3

3

3, 10

3

105

100 — 105

107 — 112

112

115 — 116

132

132
132

132

132

123

129

MATERIAL ISSUES CONTINUED

>   Safe workplace (fatalities, 

lost-time injuries, health and 
safety systems)

>   Inadequate awareness of health and hygiene issues
>   Employers to meet legislated targets on noise and dust by 2013

Issue

>   Healthy people (occupational 
diseases, HIV/Aids testing and 
treatment, healthcare, medical 
surveillance)

>   High prevalence of HIV in South Africa and mining industry
>   High incidence of TB in South Africa and in the industry
>   Increase in cases of multidrug resistant strains due to patient 

non-compliance with treatment protocols 

>   Training and development

>   Career development

Initiatives are required to address literacy and numeracy levels as 
well as to ensure continuous focus on the training and 
development of artisans, skills and leadership development, and 
the removal of development barriers
To develop and sustain core competencies and maximise human 
capital to meet our strategic objectives and improve operational 
performance
Individual development plans required for all employees

>   Employment equity

Achieving regulatory and legislative targets

>   Employee relations and wellness

Equalisation of conditions of employment in coal businesses

Adverse implications of industrial action

S
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>   Decent wages and benefits 

(retirement and medical plans)

Freedom of association

Collective bargaining

Wellness

Wages

Retirement funds
Medical schemes
Post-retirement liability for medical scheme

>   Housing and living conditions

Home ownership

Hostels

>   Women in mining

Women in core positions

>   Contractor management

Policy and process

Control

Note 1: On Exxaro’s risk register but not in the top 20 based on residual risk ratings.

Response

>   Fatalities and lost-time injuries both down on 2009 but target remains zero for both indicators
>   Reviewed health and hygiene strategic framework, highlighting key health risks to be 

communicated to employees

>   Developed and implemented a tool for reporting early cases of hearing loss to management to 

ensure proactive mitigation

Risk map

Page

3

78 — 90

>   New management and reporting standards introduced. HIV testing above target, while all 

Note 1

83 — 90

incidents of occupational diseases declining

>   Exxaro HIV/Aids strategy implemented
>   TB management standard implemented, providing a guide for managers, employees and 

healthcare professionals

>   A R3-million assessment workshop was opened at Grovos in Lephalale in April 2010
>   180 ABET learners in 2010
>   379 artisan learners at various stages of qualification

A formal succession programme is in place for all employees in the management and specialist 
category

Progressive implementation of individual development plans for all Exxaro’s employees

Achieving the target for senior management level is an industry-wide challenge, but more women 
from designated groups are being appointed in core positions
Subsequent to a wage demand in 2009, management and organised labour from the coal 
businesses embarked on a process to progressively equalise conditions of employment
Employees at the KZN Sands operation embarked on a three-week strike in September 2010. 
Exxaro supports amicable resolution without the need for industrial action
Employees have freedom of association and can join a union of their choice. Labour relations at all 
Exxaro operations are managed to best facilitate progress towards an amicable and mutually 
beneficial resolution
Trade unions with sufficient members at a specific employer are recognised and these unions 
represent their members in collective bargaining processes
An employee assistance programme has been rolled out to all operations and is available for all 
employees to use
Wages compare well in the industry as determined by six-monthly market surveys. Exxaro 
complies with all requirements of the Basic Conditions of Employment Act and in most instances 
exceeds minimum requirements
All employees belong to a retirement fund. Employer contribution ranges between 10% and 18%
Where employees are members of accredited medical schemes, Exxaro subsidises contributions
Certain employees of Exxaro Coal Mpumalanga and Namakwa Sands qualify for a post-retirement 
contribution towards a medical scheme from their employer but no new entrants are allowed to 
these arrangements. Adequate provision for actuarially valued liabilities is made in the financial 
statements
Exxaro’s strategy was revised to comply with the new mining charter. The focus is still on home 
ownership and employees receive (either as an allowance or part of inclusive package) a housing 
or living-out allowance. In addition, 232 employees benefit from a home ownership subsidy
At all operations, except Tshikondeni, there is one person per room in the hostels; at Tshikondeni 
some rooms have two occupants. Meals are provided at Matla and Tshikondeni, and the quality 
and nutritional value are determined by a dietician
Although Exxaro already exceeds the prior mining charter target of having 10% of the workforce 
staffed by women, attracting women (specifically from designated groups) to the group’s core 
business remains a focus area. At present, women represent 7% of all learnerships for future core 
positions and 29% of our bursar and professional in-training programmes
A group policy and process was developed to standardise contractor management. The HR 
management system is used to capture contractors
Operations are responsible for managing contractors, ensuring progressive compliance to 
Exxaro’s policies and procedures while monitoring data integrity

10

10

3, 10

10

120 — 128

120 — 128

120 — 128

120 — 128

PLEASE  
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10

120 — 128

10

128

10

128

Note 1

129

MATERIAL ISSUES CONTINUED

C
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>   Economic value generated and 

Transparency in disclosure to stakeholders

Issue

distributed

Market presence
>   Black economic empowerment

Board structure – leadership and 
governance
>   Code of ethics
>   Black ownership and control
>   Stakeholder engagement 

(business partners, shareholders, 
employees etc)

>   Material stewardship 

>   Fraud prevention

>   Risk management

Code of ethics required to support the entrenched group value 
system
Legal and regulatory compliance in South Africa
Ensure stakeholder concerns are identified and addressed

To reduce the impact of fraud on the group’s resources and 
ensure that measures in place serve as a deterrent to 
perpetrating fraud
Integrated enterprise risk management fundamental to 
identifying and managing all risks in the organisation

Note 1: On Exxaro’s risk register but not in the top 20 based on residual risk ratings.
N/A: Not applicable.

 
Response

Risk map

Page

Cash value-added statement (page 179) reflects Exxaro’s cash taxation contribution to the fiscus, 
amounts collected on behalf of government, and cash payments to external suppliers for goods 
and services

Exxaro is the largest black empowered group on the JSE in terms of direct shareholding, while its 
day-to-day management is the responsibility of an empowered and representative executive 
committee 

Zero-tolerance code of ethics in place with compliance monitored by an ethics committee. 
Includes conflict-of-interest declarations and decisions
More than 50% of Exxaro is black owned and controlled
Exxaro is forming stakeholder engagement forums at each operation as well as a stakeholder 
panel at the corporate office. A socio-economic assessment will be conducted at every business 
unit in 2011 to capture and publish all stakeholder concerns, with detailed management responses
Sustainable supply chain management introduced, reflecting close collaboration with suppliers

Zero-tolerance approach to fraud. Effective anonymous reporting hotline in place for a number of 
years. Managed by an ethics committee with access to experienced forensic team

3

3

14

3
3

3

14

179

154

149

5
28

129

149

Entrenched and integrated enterprise risk management philosophy, policy, methodology and 
practice in the group. Risk management is integral to all strategic, business planning, and 
day-to-day activities 

N/A

16

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Group  
in brief

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 1

 
 
DIVIDER PAGE 1 – BACK (GROUP IN BRIEF)

VALUES

>   Empowered to grow and contribute — developing and deploying our knowledge 
and ingenuity to achieve our vision. We focus on people, create freedom to 
innovate and collaborate, respect individuality, have fun and rise to challenges. 

>   Teamwork – we succeed together through a climate of respect and equality.

>   Committed to excellence — we take ownership, provide visible leadership 

and encourage collaboration, commitment and creativity for the benefit of all.

>   Honest responsibility — we speak the truth and accept accountability for 

our actions.

HIGHLIGHTS 
>   Improvement in safety performance with lost-time injury frequency rate down 

24% to 0,25

>   Global economic recovery faster than anticipated, resulting in generally increased 

demand and higher prices

>   Revenue up 14% to more than R17 billion

>   Net operating profit increased R897 million to R2,6 billion, excluding the 2009 

KZN Sands impairment

>   Coal production up to 47Mt

>   Commissioning and nameplate production capacity achieved at Kwinana pigment 

plant and char plant 

>   Total dividend declared of 500 cents per share 

>   Net cash inflow of R1,4 billion

>   Net debt to equity at 13%

>   Healthy financial metrics, well positioned for growth

>   Development of Fairbreeze approved subject to regulatory and environmental 

authorisation 

>   Grootegeluk Medupi Expansion Project (GMEP) on time and within budget

LOWLIGHTS 
>   Two fatalities; two too many

>   Continued logistical challenges for coal exports

>   Substantial furnace downtime at KZN Sands and Namakwa Sands

>   Currency strength impacted on earnings

2 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

BUSINESS OBJECTIVES

Exxaro’s business objectives are measurable indicators of performance. At every level, and in different ways, our teams are accountable 

for these objectives.

FINANCIAL TARGETS1 2

Return on equity (ROE) – attributable 
earnings (%)

Net operating margin (%)

Return on capital employed (ROCE) (%)

EBITDA interest cover (times)

NON-FINANCIAL TARGETS

Safety

– fatalities

–  lost-time injury frequency rate (per 

200 000 hours)

Safety, health and environmental 
certification (number)

Employment equity

– management (%)3

Functional literacy4 (%) (2014:100)

HIV/Aids voluntary testing and 
counselling (%) (long-term target 95%)

Human resources development 
(% spend of payroll)

Learnerships5

Procurement from HDSA companies  
(%) (2014:56)

Community development (% of net profit 
after tax)6

Energy efficiency (%)7

HDSA ownership 2014 (%)

Target 
2011

Target 
2010

Actual 
2010

Actual 
2009

Actual 
2008

Actual
2007

>25

>20

>28

>4

0

0

17

100 

75

50

>1,0

3

>25

>20

>28

>4

0

34

15

38

9

2

19

12

25

7

3

30

18

36

14

5

15

14

23

10

5

0,21

0,25

0,33

0,39

0,36

17

40

70

70

>3

363

47

1,0

4

26

14

50

79

70

5,1

379

50

2,5

0

52

13

48

70

58

5,0

691

45

1,8

52

9

42

64

5,2

678

39

9

36

30

6,5

408

35

56

56

1 Actual financial ratios disclosed exclude the impact of impairments.
2 Where relevant, actual financial ratios have been restated to ensure comparability.
3 Employment equity target is based on compliance with the mining charter.
4 Below NQF level 1.
5 Learnerships include all disciplines, eg mining, engineering and plant. Average number in the system.
6 Funds transferred to business units for implementation of social and labour plan projects.
7 Total target is 10% by end 2012. Target for 2012 is 3%.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 3

KEY RATIOS

RATIOS

Profitability and asset management1

Return on net assets (%)

Return on ordinary shareholders’ equity

– Attributable earnings (%) 

– Headline earnings (%)

Return on invested capital (%)

Return on capital employed (%)

Operating margin (%) 

Solvency and liquidity

Net financing cost cover (times) – EBIT 

Net financing cost cover (times) – EBITDA 

Current ratio (times)

Net debt to equity (%)2

Net debt to earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (times)

Number of years to repay interest-bearing debt

 At 31 December  

2010
Unaudited
Rm

20091
Unaudited
Rm

 42 

 34 

 34 

 31 

 38 

 15 

 6 

 9 

 2 

 13 

0,6

 1 

 28 

 19 

 19 

 20 

 25 

 12 

 4 

 7 

 2 

 29 

 1,3 

 6 

1 To achieve comparability, the impact of the R1 435 million impairment of the KZN Sands assets in 2009 has been excluded.
2 Ratio calculated excluding contingent liabilities of R1 007 million (2009: R875 million). If included, ratio would be 18% (2009: 36%).

WE CREATE VALUE FOR ALL STAKEHOLDERS

Cash disbursed among 
stakeholders 2010

18%

Cash disbursed among 
stakeholders 2009

18%

7%

7%

68%

15%

58%

Remunerate employees for services
Provide lenders with a return on borrowings
Pay direct taxes to the state
Provide shareholders with cash dividends

4 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

9%

Remunerate employees for services
Provide lenders with a return on borrowings
Pay direct taxes to the state
Provide shareholders with cash dividends

SHAREHOLDER STRUCTURE

OUR GROUP STRUCTURE (as at 31 December 2010)

15%

Industrial
Development
Corporation

55%

9,5%

Eyesizwe(cid:86) 

Eyabantu(cid:86) 

9,5%

Tiso(cid:86) 

11%

Basadi Ba
Kopane(cid:86)

Anglo American 
plc*
9,70%

BEE  
Holdco
52,10%

Exxaro  
MPOWER#
2,97%

Minorities
(free float)
35,23%

100%

100%

100%

COAL

SANDS

BASE METALS & INDUSTRIAL MINERALS

20%

SISHEN 
IRON ORE
COMPANY

As at 31 December 2010

*   Held through Anglo South Africa Capital (Pty) Ltd.

(cid:86)   These are special purpose vehicles for shareholders in our black-owned holding company.

#   Employee share ownership programme.

A detailed analysis of the registered shareholders of Exxaro appears in the regulatory compliance and corporate governance report on 

pages 168 to 169.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 5

GROUP AT A GLANCE

BUSINESSES

2010 CONTRIBUTION TO  
GROUP REVENUE

61% R10 515 million

39%

Eight managed coal mines produce 46,8Mtpa of 
power station, steam and coking coal. All power 
station coal produced is supplied to the national 
power utility, Eskom, and municipal power stations. 

Grootegeluk is one of the most efficient mining 
operations in the world, and operates the world’s 
largest coal beneficiation complex. There is a robust 
pipeline of greenfield and expansion projects under 
way that will culminate in Exxaro becoming one of 
the largest coal producers in South Africa. Exxaro 
also produces char and related products for the 
rapidly growing ferroalloys industry.

61%

27% R4 640 million

27%

73%

12% R1 995 million

12%

88%

Exxaro’s South African mineral sands operations 
include KZN Sands and the Western Cape operations 
of Namakwa Sands. In Australia, our interests are 
housed in Australia Sands whose principal asset is 
the Tiwest joint venture (with Tronox Inc), the 
world’s largest integrated titanium minerals 
production and manufacturing company. 

Exxaro is one of the world’s largest suppliers of 
titanium dioxide feedstock and zircon. Collectively, 
the group’s minerals sands operations produced 
284kt of slag, 196kt of zircon, 90kt of synthetic 
rutile and 57kt of pigment in 2010. 

The Rosh Pinah zinc/lead mine in southern Namibia 
and Zincor electrolytic refinery in Gauteng are 
among the few integrated zinc mining and refinery 
operations worldwide. Exxaro has an interest in the 
Chifeng zinc refinery in China. In 2010, Rosh Pinah 
and Zincor produced 120kt each of zinc concentrate 
and zinc metal. A dedicated plant in Pretoria 
manufactures high-quality, gas-atomised ferrosilicon 
while the Glen Douglas dolomite mine provides a 
range of products for the steel, construction and 
agricultural sectors. The interest in the Glen Douglas 
operation was sold with effect from 1 January 2011.

Exxaro is also progressing the divestment of its base 
metals interest. 

Exxaro holds 20% of Sishen Iron Ore Company (Pty) 
Limited. The company’s two mines produced some 
43,3Mtpa of lumpy and fine iron ore; 43,1Mt was sold, 
and more than 85% of sales from Sishen mine 
exported. Sishen is one of the largest single open-pit 
mines in the world, known for its high grade and 
consistent product quality. 

COAL

MINERAL SANDS

BASE METALS AND 
INDUSTRIAL MINERALS

INVESTMENTS

IRON ORE

6 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

SALES FOR 12 MONTHS 
TO 31 DECEMBER 20101

000 
TONNES 

%
EXPORT3

OPERATIONS

REGIONAL
LOCATION

OWNERSHIP1

Grootegeluk mine

Limpopo

Division of Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited

Leeuwpan mine

Mpumalanga

Division of Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited

PRODUCTS 

Power station coal (Eskom)
Semi-soft coking coal
Steam coal

Power station coal (Eskom)
Steam coal

Tshikondeni mine

Limpopo

Division of Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited

Coking coal (ArcelorMittal)

Mafube coal

Mafube JV2

Mpumalanga

Division of Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited

Steam coal

Mpumalanga

Joint venture of Exxaro Coal Mpumalanga 
(Pty) Limited (50%)

Power station coal (Eskom)
Steam coal

Inyanda mine

Mpumalanga

Division of Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited

Exxaro reductants

Limpopo

Division of Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited

Arnot mine

Mpumalanga

Matla mine

Mpumalanga

New Clydesdale mine

Mpumalanga

Division of Exxaro Coal Mpumalanga
(Pty) Limited

Division of Exxaro Coal Mpumalanga
(Pty) Limited

Division of Exxaro Coal Mpumalanga
(Pty) Limited

Steam coal

Steam coal
Char

Power station coal (Eskom)

Power station coal (Eskom)

12 265

Power station coal (Eskom)
Steam coal

%

%

North Block Complex

Mpumalanga

Division of Exxaro Coal Mpumalanga
(Pty) Limited

Power station coal (Eskom)
Steam coal

KZN Sands

KwaZulu-Natal

Subsidiaries of Exxaro Resources Limited 
and a division of Exxaro TSA Sands (Pty) 
Limited and Exxaro Sands (Pty) Limited

Namakwa Sands

Northern Cape

Division of Exxaro TSA Sands (Pty) Limited 

Australia Sands2

Australia

Subsidiary of Exxaro Resources Limited 
which owns 50% in the Tiwest joint 
venture

Zincor refinery

Gauteng

Rosh Pinah mine

Namibia

Division of Exxaro Base Metals  
(Pty) Limited

Subsidiary of Exxaro Base Metals 
(Namibia) (Pty) Limited (50,04%)

Chifeng refinery2

China

Associate (22,44%)

Black Mountain 
Mining (Pty) Limited2

Northern Cape

Associate (26,00%)

Zircon
Rutile
Pig iron
Scrap iron
Chloride slag
Sulphate slag

Zircon
Rutile
Pig iron
Chloride slag
Sulphate slag

Zircon
Rutile
Synthetic rutile
Leucoxene
Pigment

Zinc metal
Sulphuric acid

Zinc concentrate 
Lead concentrate

Zinc metal 
Sulphuric acid

Zinc concentrate
Lead concentrate

Glen Douglas mine

Gauteng

Subsidiary of Exxaro Resources Limited

Metallurgical dolomite

FerroAlloys

Gauteng

Subsidiary of Exxaro Resources Limited

Atomised ferrosilicon 

Aggregate

Lime

Sishen mine2

Northern Cape

Thabazimbi mine2

Limpopo

Division of Sishen Iron Ore Company (Pty) 
Limited (20%)

Division of Sishen Iron Ore Company (Pty) 
Limited (20%)

Lump ore
Fine ore

Lump ore
Fine ore

1 100% ownership unless otherwise indicated.
2 Sales tonnage reflects the group’s interest in the relevant subsidiary, joint venture or associate.
3 Export sales denote sales in any country other than South Africa.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 7

14 904
1 754
1 584

1 805
1 162

260

1 321

949
32

1 784

24
122

4 173

96

710

2 236
518

55
29
108
3
136
19

147
31
86
128
20

41
19
30
16
55

90
125

98
20

29
51

18
19

410

783

45

6

5 155
3 069

74 
324

17
4

23

98

83

98

86
96
87

100
100

100
100
83
100
96

100
100
100
100
100

100
100

100
100

100

86
91

 
LOCATIONS

Amsterdam

Zug

CHINA

17

Beijing

NAMIBIA

18

South Africa

AUSTRALIA

Perth

16

12

Brisbane

10

9

1

2 3

24

MPUMALANGA

Middleburg

22

23

South Africa

14

15

21

19

20

13

Witbank

11

8

6

4

7

5

GAUTENG

Detailed maps on page 65 and 77

Coal

1 Grootegeluk (GG)
2 Grootegeluk Medupi Expansion Project (GMEP)
3 Char Plant phase 2
4 Leeuwpan
5 Arnot
6 Matla
7 North Block Complex
8 New Clydesdale
9 Tshikondeni
10 Mmamabula Central  

(coal bed methane project)

1 1 Inyanda
12 Moranbah South
13 Mafube*

Mineral sands
14 KZN Sands
15 Namakwa Sands
16 Australia Sands

Base metals and industrial minerals
17 Chifeng Zinc Refinery*
18 Rosh Pinah
19 Zincor
20 Glen Douglas
21 FerroAlloys
22 Black Mountain* 
23 Sishen Iron Ore Company* 

(Sishen and Thabazimbi mines)

Operations 

Growth projects 

Representative offices

* Joint ventures and investments not operationally controlled.

8 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

FINANCIAL SUMMARY

INCOME STATEMENTS
Revenue
Net operating profit1
Net financing cost
Investment and post-tax equity income
Tax
Non-controlling interest
Add back items for headline earnings
Headline earnings
Headline earnings per share (cents)
Dividends per share (cents)
Average realised exchange rate (R/US$)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Cash flows from operating activities 
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 12 months ended 
31 December

2010
 Audited
Rm

17 155
2 636
(455)
3 719
(665)
(27)
(22)
5 186
1 495
500
7,72

2 364
(978)
(269)
1 117

2009
Audited
Rm

 15 009 
 304 
 (415)
 1 900 
 (766)

 1 491 
 2 514 
 729 
 200 
 8,39 

 (206)
 (1 414)
 874 
 (746)

As at 31 December

2010
 Audited
Rm

2009
Audited
Rm

 2 140 
 6 977 
 85 
 28 609 

 13 305 
 46 
 75 
 3 880 
 726 
 1 375 

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
Assets
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Biological assets
Intangible asset
Investments in associates and joint ventures
Deferred tax
Financial assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Inventories, trade and other receivables
Non-current assets classified as held-for-sale
Total assets
Equity and liabilities
Capital and reserves
Equity attributable to owners of the parent
Non-controlling interest
Total equity
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing borrowings
Non-current provisions
Financial liabilities
Deferred tax
Current liabilities
Interest-bearing borrowings
Other
Non-current liabilities classified as held-for-sale
Total equity and liabilities
Net debt
ANALYSIS PER SHARE2
Number of shares in issue (million)
Weighted average number shares in issue (million)3
Earnings per ordinary share
– Attributable earnings (cents)
– Headline earnings (cents)
Dividend per ordinary share (cents)
Dividend cover (times)
Net asset value per ordinary share (cents)
1  Includes a R1 435 million impairment of the carrying value of the KZN Sands assets in 2009.
2 To achieve comparability, the impact of the R1 435 million impairment of the KZN Sands assets in 2009 has been excluded, where relevant.
3 Shares issued to Mpower are classified as treasury shares and are excluded from the calculation of the weighted average number of shares.

 716 
 3 237 
 52 
 28 609 
 2 220 

 1 501 
 1 495 
 500 
 3,00 
 4 870 

 3 644 
 2 193 
 – 
 1 353 

 17 437 
 (23)
 17 414 

 358 
 347 

 11 869 
 41 
 87 
 1 966 
 629 
 1 217 

 1 023 
 6 311 
 86 
 23 229 

 12 908 
 1 
 12 909 

 4 347 
 1 853 
 75 
 995 

 407 
 2 594 
 49 
 23 229 
 3 731 

 357 
 345 

 712 
 729 
 200 
 3,56 
 3 616 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 9

 
SUMMARY OF BUSINESS OPERATIONS

000 tonnes produced

COAL

Coking coal

Grootegeluk

Tshikondeni

Power station coal (Eskom)

Grootegeluk

Leeuwpan

Matla

Arnot

New Clydesdale

North Block Complex

Mafube

Steam coal

Grootegeluk

Leeuwpan

New Clydesdale

North Block Complex

Inyanda

Mafube

Char

12 months ended 31 December

2010

2009

2008

2007

2 419

2 134

285

36 767

14 924

1 688

12 288

4 173

2 674

1 020

7 502

1 441

1 408

850

697

1 779

1 327

114

2 020

1 752

268

36 562

15 324

1 247

11 273

5 213

2 822

683

6 638

1 207

1 259

822

691

1 843

816

38

2 560

2 233

327

36 700

14 581

1 188

13 230

4 865

115

2 271

5 574

1 387

1 801

984

561

841

2 962

2 499

463

34 246

14 510

956

13 030

3 702

156

1 892

4 111

1 486

1 421

814

391

Total coal production

46 802

45 258

44 834

41 319

KZN SANDS 

Ilmenite

Zircon

Rutile

Pig iron

Scrap iron

Chloride slag

Sulphate slag

236

33

17

71

12

113

29

368

36

20

108

15

104

24

229

34

19

50

16

95

18

367

34

17

90

20

150

26

10 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

000 tonnes produced

NAMAKWA SANDS1

Ilmenite

Zircon

Rutile

Pig iron

Scrap iron

Chloride slag

Sulphate slag

AUSTRALIA SANDS2

Ilmenite

Zircon

Rutile

Synthetic rutile

Leucoxene

Pigment

BASE METALS

Rosh Pinah (zinc concentrate)

Black Mountain (zinc concentrate)3

Zincor (zinc metal)

Zincor (sulphuric acid)

Chifeng (zinc metal)4

Rosh Pinah (lead concentrate)

Black Mountain (lead concentrate)3

INDUSTRIAL MINERALS

Glen Douglas

Metallurgical dolomite

Aggregate

Lime

FerroAlloys

Atomised ferrosilicon

IRON ORE5

Sishen

Thabazimbi

Total iron ore production

12 months ended 31 December

2010

2009

2008

2007

251

128

28

82

119

23

231

35

18

90

13

57

101

19

90

144

30

19

18

410

773

57

6

244

116

26

73

97

20

207

33

16

109

14

53

94

14

87

142

29

20

18

371

762

72

5

315

130

27

103

6

135

24

174

29

13

113

16

43

94

15

87

129

23

20

17

422

788

63

6

300

115

24

91

11

126

27

216

36

17

100

16

54

95

15

101

147

23

22

15

543

749

54

6

8 268

410

8 678

7 878

511

8 389

6 808

532

7 340

5 946

535

6 481

1   Physical information includes Namakwa Sands for 12 months from 1 January 2007 even though only acquired effective 1 October 2008.
2  Physical information reflects Exxaro Australia Sands’ 50% interest in the Tiwest joint venture.
3  Physical  information  reflects  Exxaro’s  26%  interest  in  Black  Mountain  Mining  (Pty)  Limited  from  1  January  2007  even  though  only  acquired  effective 

1 November 2008.

4  Physical information represents the effective interest in Chifeng (Hongye) refinery.
5  Physical information from 2007 reflects Exxaro’s 20% interest in Sishen Iron Ore Company.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 11

12 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

DIVIDER PAGE 2 — FRONT (YEAR UNDER REVIEW)

Year under review

i

w
e
v
e
r

r
e
d
n
u
r
a
e
Y

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 13

 
 
 
DIVIDER PAGE 2 — BACK (YEAR UNDER REVIEW)

APPROACH TO  
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

DISCLOSURE ON MANAGEMENT APPROACH 

Sustainability is generally defined as “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability 

of future generations to meet their own needs.” For Exxaro this means ensuring we do not undermine the capacity of the 

natural environment to provide services, and that we do not contribute to any instability in the communities in which we 

operate.

It also means balancing three aspects of business — economic, environmental and social — and integrating the requirements 

of each of these into the group’s planning, decision-making and operations.

In line with the World Business Council for Sustainable Development and other global benchmarks, sustainability is a critical 

thread  woven  through  our  broader  strategy  (page  22)  and  the  different  areas  of  our  business.  Spanning  corporate 

governance, ethics, workplace issues, intellectual property and stakeholder relations, the key benefits include:

>   Eco-efficiency = reduced costs, costs avoided (eg through new technology) and optimal investment strategies

>   Quality  management  =  better  risk  management,  greater  responsiveness  in  volatile  markets,  more  motivated  and 

committed staff, and enhanced intellectual capital

>   Licence to operate = lower costs of compliance, improved reputation with key stakeholders and greater influence with 

regulators

>   Market advance = stronger brands, greater customer loyalty, lower cost of capital, new products and processes, attracting 

(and retaining) the right talent

>   Sustainable profits = new business/increased market share and enhanced shareholder value.

SUSTAINABLE
PROFITS

ECO-
EFFICIENCY

MARKET
ADVANCE

QUALITY
MANAGEMENT

LICENCE
TO OPERATE

14 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

SAFETY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY

At Exxaro Resources we actively care for the health and safety of our people, the environment, surrounding communities 

and our resources by ensuring sustainable development in all our activities. Exxaro is committed to:

>   Consulting with employees, representatives and other stakeholders in appropriate forums to develop, communicate and 
review responsible and innovative policies, programmes and guidelines that safeguard the community, employees, 

contractors, other stakeholders and the environment, while providing flexibility to meet the needs of our businesses

>   Achieving high standards of environmental care and providing a safe and healthy workplace for employees, contractors 

and other relevant stakeholders

>   Ensuring an appropriate organisational structure and adequate resources  to  manage  sustainable  development, 

including safety, health and environmental matters and comply with legislation

>   Implementing  internationally  accepted  and  appropriate  standards  for  safety,  occupational  health  and  hygiene, 

environment and stakeholder engagement management systems

>   Complying with all applicable legislation and international obligations as a minimum requirement and implementing 

effective company standards, programmes and processes to manage risks

>   Maintaining continuous hazard and aspect identification and risk assessment for safety, occupational health and 

sustainable development in general

>   Maintaining competence and awareness  on  relevant  safety  and  sustainable  development  matters  through  training, 

mentoring and communication to employees and contractors

>   Conserving natural resources and reducing the environmental burden of waste generation and emissions to air, water 

and land through strategies focusing on reducing, reusing, recycling and responsible disposal of waste

>   Preventing injury, ill health, pollution and continually improving safety and sustainable development management and 

performance

>   Establishing  objectives,  targets  and  continuously  improving  operations  in  terms  of  safety  and  sustainable 

development performance and management systems

>   Ensuring  that  all  incidents  leading  to  fatalities, environmental impact, injury, occupational diseases, damage to 
property,  process  losses,  compliance  notices,  regulatory  fines  and  penalties  are  reported  and  investigated 
thoroughly to determine all contributing factors and promptly implementing corrective and preventive actions

>   Establishing and maintaining appropriate controls,  including  periodic  audits  and  reviews,  to  ensure  this  policy  is 

effectively implemented, updated and available to interested and affected parties

>   Maintaining a high level of emergency preparedness and response to manage any potential emergency.

This  policy  informs  the  entire  safety  and  sustainable  development  function  as  we  aspire  to  be  a  responsible  corporate 

citizen  that  contributes  to  mitigating  sustainable  development  challenges  in  our  operating  environments,  as  well  as 

international treaties to which South Africa is a signatory.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 15

RISK MANAGEMENT

DISCLOSURE ON MANAGEMENT APPROACH

Risk philosophy
Effective risk management is central to maintaining competitive advantage and adapting to changes in the internal and 

external business environment. The underlying principle of integrated enterprise-wide risk management (ERM) is that risk 

management must form part of all strategic, business planning and day-to-day operational activities. Exxaro’s ERM adopts 

a holistic approach to managing uncertainty, representing both risk and opportunity. The aim is to establish the acceptable 

level of risk in each area of business, which should be as low as reasonably practical, while taking full advantage of the 

highest returns possible to maximise shareholder wealth. In all risk management activities, compliance with South Africa’s 

King III is achieved by coordinating and integrating these activities for effective integrated risk management governance.

Risk  owners  are  responsible  for  continuous  identification,  assessment,  mitigation  and  management  of  risks  within  the 

existing and ever-changing risk profile of the environment in which they operate.

The  internal  auditors  and  chief  audit  executive,  being  responsible  for  the  combined  assurance  process,  evaluate  the 

effectiveness of the risk management process and report to the audit, risk and compliance committee (audit committee) 

which, in turn, provides assurance to the board.

Risk appetite
The audit committee approves Exxaro’s consolidated risk appetite for residual risks (ie the result after applying mitigation 

or  control  measures  to  the  inherent  risks  identified  and  assessed),  and  ensures  this  is  aligned  with  the  group  strategy. 

Exxaro’s risk appetite is a function of its ability to withstand unexpected losses and their impact on the group’s ability to 

continue as a going concern. Differentiated risk appetites apply at different levels throughout the group. The top residual 

risks at different levels in the organisation receive continuous and enhanced attention and are subject to periodic monitoring 

and reporting by risk owners to reduce the residual risk rating.

Risk identification and assessment process
The risk management process is continuous, with well-defined steps. Risks from all sources are identified and once they 

pass a set materiality threshold, a formal process begins in which causal factors and consequences are identified and the 

correlation with other risks and mitigating controls is reviewed.

The top residual business risks, appropriately categorised and based on impact and likelihood of occurrence, together with mitigating 

control measures, are disclosed below in descending order. These risks do not exceed Exxaro’s risk appetite but have the highest residual 

risk rating, warranting disclosure and continuous management as per the decision of the executive committee, audit, risk and compliance 

committee of the board, and the board itself.

16 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

EXXARO’S TOP RESIDUAL BUSINESS RISK MAP FOR 2010

Financial

18

14

12

20

17

3

2

6

8

100%

4

1

5

15

19

Strategic

9

10

16

Legend for 2010 residual business risk map

Compliance

7

11

13

Residual risk rating (%)

Scores range from 71-100

Scores range from 39-70

Scores range from 0-38

Operations

1. 
2. 

3. 
4. 

5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

 Infrastructure constraints impacting on current operations and growth aspirations (100)
 Commodity price and currency volatility impacting on profitability, investment returns, project evaluations and BEE shareholding 
structure (80)
 Inability to maintain a licence to operate due to non-compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory frameworks (80)
 Potential delays to operations and projects associated with the time taken to obtain approval for mining and environmental rights 
(80)
 Lack of security of, and cost of electricity, impacting adversely on safety and sustainable operations (80)
 Inadequate regulatory changes to enable meaningful participation in IPPs in the South African industry (80)
 Climate change impacting adversely on sustainable operations (64)
 Late commissioning of growth projects fundamental to Exxaro’s future sustainability (60)
 Insufficient supply of clean water for sustainable operations and communities (51)
 Insufficient attraction and retention of key skills negatively impacting on current operations and growth aspirations (48)
 Risks associated with the closure of current operations (48)
 Adverse impact of above inflation increases on operating costs, profitability, and cost of capital projects (48)
 Insufficient security of critical materials due to scarcity and price (48)
 Fraud perpetrated resulting in quantifiable losses (40)
 Risk of not successfully implementing improvement project initiatives (Project Siyaya) thereby not realising revenue, cost reduction 
and increased operational efficiency targets (32)
 Funding of current operations and growth aspirations hampered by balance sheet capacity and other resource constraints (32)
 Risk of previous versions of software applications impacting negatively on information security and availability (32)
 Investment opportunities do not yield expected returns (32)
 Resource nationalisation resulting in sub-optimal utilisation of resources (24)

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20.   Reliance on a non-managed operation for financial stability (20)

Residual risk ratings (percentages) are disclosed in brackets after the description of the residual risk.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 17

RISK MANAGEMENT CONTINUED

High-level business risks

Risk and category

Impact

Probability Control measures (mitigation)

Strategic and operations

High

High

Continuous collaboration with Transnet Freight Rail. 

Infrastructure constraints impacting on 

current operations and growth 

aspirations

Upgrade loading facilities. Leasing or acquiring export 

entitlement. Evaluate viability of own rolling stock

Strategic and financial

High

High

Continuous business improvement initiatives with 

Commodity price and currency volatility 

impacting on profitability, investment 

returns, project evaluations, loan 

covenant compliance and BEE 

shareholding structure

rigorous tracking. Optimised use of operating assets to 

leverage benefits of higher throughput. Increased 

manpower productivity. Pursue downstream 

beneficiation and integration. Diversification of markets 

and product sector. Restructure, if necessary, to be 

profitable throughout commodity cycles

Strategic and compliance

High

High

Engagement with relevant authorities and non-

Inability to maintain a licence to operate 

due to non-compliance with applicable 

legal and regulatory frameworks

governmental organisations. Ensure gap identification 

and progressive compliance with revised mining charter, 

King III report on governance for South Africa, 

environmental and other legislation to ensure 

sustainable operations within the framework of a 
responsible corporate citizen

Compliance and operations

High

High

Continuous engagement with relevant authorities. 

Potential delays to current operations 

and projects associated with the time 

taken to obtain approval for mining and 

environmental rights

Operations

Lack of security, and cost, of electricity 

impacting on safety and sustainable 

operations

Ensure compliance with legal and regulatory 

requirements to progress approvals required

High

High

Participation in industry forums that engage with Eskom 

and the National Energy Regulator of South Africa 

(NERSA). Investigation into co-generation and other 

renewable energy sources. Implementing power-sharing 

initiatives and examining alternatives for conserving 

electricity in operations. Continued commitment to 

Eskom to assist where possible with additional coal 

supply to achieve stability in the power grid

Strategic
Inadequate regulatory changes to enable 

meaningful participation in IPPs in the 

South African industry

High

Medium

Ongoing engagement and participation in regulatory 

processes and continued lobbying of decision makers

18 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Risk and category

Operations

Impact

Probability Control measures (mitigation)

High

Medium

Continuous research and industry participation to 

Climate change impacting on sustainable 

understand and quantify impacts to ensure mitigation 

operations

Strategic

Late commissioning of growth projects 

critical to Exxaro’s sustainability

initiatives are current and effective

Medium

Medium

Robust project management discipline. Knowledge 

sharing from experiences with previous projects

Strategic and operations

Medium

Medium

Continuous enhancement of current water management 

Insufficient supply of clean water for 

sustainable operations and communities

programmes combined with investigation of additional 

mitigation initiatives

Strategic and operations

High

Medium

Implementation of effective retention strategy for key 

Insufficient attraction and retention of 

key skills impacting negatively on 

current operations and growth 

aspirations

disciplines. Remain an employer of choice due to:

>   regularly benchmarked market-related remuneration

>   comprehensive training and development

>   growth opportunities

Focus on innovative recruitment initiatives and succession 

planning. Continuous rotation and exposure of own talent 
in multi-disciplinary project teams

Operations

High

Medium

Restructure, where necessary and where possible, to be 

Risks associated with the closure of 

current operations

profitable throughout commodity cycles

Continuous improvement to enhance efficiencies, 

productivity and profitability

Investigate downstream opportunities or alternative 

applications for current technology

Financial

High

Medium

Ensure comprehensive provision for escalation on 

Adverse impact of above-inflation 

increases on operating costs, profitability 

and costs of capital projects

project costing and timing of long-lead items. 

Continuous business improvement initiatives and 

knowledge sharing

Operations

High

Medium

Strategic sourcing and long-term contracting with 

Insufficient security of critical materials 

reliable suppliers. Implement mitigation plans to avert or 

due to scarcity and price

minimise potential impact

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 19

RISK MANAGEMENT CONTINUED

Risk and category

Financial

Fraud perpetrated, resulting in 

quantifiable losses

Impact

Probability Control measures (mitigation)

High

High

Sound and entrenched internal controls and governance. 

Discipline with procedural compliance. Zero tolerance to 

fraud. Strong and experienced forensic investigation 

capability. Continuous internal audit of controls and 

assurance of effective functioning

Strategic

High

Medium

Robust execution of initiatives complemented by 

Risk of not successfully implementing 

improvement project initiatives thereby 

not realising targets for revenue, cost 

reduction and increased operational 

efficiency

tracking to confirm set targets are realised

Strategic and operations

High

Medium

Ranking value-adding opportunities in an approved 

Funding of current operations and 

growth aspirations hampered by balance 

sheet capacity and other resource 

constraints

commodity strategy-aligned growth process and 

acceptable capital structure, underpinned by cash flow 

generation and preservation, giving credence to 

maintaining Exxaro’s empowerment status

Explore alternatives to raise equity given the group’s 

equity-raising restrictions

Compliance

High

Medium

Centralised control and enforcement of discipline 

Risk of previous versions of software 

applications impacting on information 

security and availability

Financial

Investment opportunities do not yield 

expected returns

combined with training opportunities on updated 

software applications

High

Medium

Applying conservative and strict criteria for project 

evaluation. Continuous update of prices and macro-

economic parameters complemented by a 

comprehensive risk analysis

Strategic

High

Low

Influence decision-making through collective lobbying 

Resource nationalisation resulting in 

sub-optimal utilisation of resources

and discussions at participative industry forums

Financial

High

Low

Focus on sustainability of managed operations in 

Reliance on non-managed operation for 

isolation

financial stability

Due to a different assessment of the impact, probability or control measures, or a combination of these, certain business risks disclosed 

in 2009 now have a residual risk rating that no longer warrants disclosure or the risk no longer exists, namely:
>   Future of the KZN Sands operation

>   Medium-term reserve confirmation for Namakwa Sands
>   Long-term, viable quality zinc concentrate supply to Zincor
>   Securing a strategic partner for Australia Sands

>   Poor safety record resulting in government, labour union and stakeholder intervention

>   HIV/Aids pandemic.

20 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Information technology is an integral part 

also  appointed  a  general  manager: 

of  doing  business 

today  as 

it 

is 

information  management.  This  senior 

fundamental to the support, sustainability 

executive  is  mandated  to  ensure  Exxaro 

and  growth  of  Exxaro.  It  cuts  across  all 

has  an 

integrated  system  capable  of 

aspects,  components  and  processes  in 

supplying meaningful and accurate data on 

business  and  is  therefore  not  only  an 

sustainability  elements  in  reporting  to 

operational  enabler  for  Exxaro,  but  an 

stakeholders within the new financial year. 

important  strategic  asset  that  can  be 

leveraged  to  create  opportunities  and 

As  part  of  our  ERP  strategy,  we  are 

gain competitive advantage.

migrating  the  group  to  the  latest  version 

of  SAP  enterprise  reporting  at  a  total 

However,  by 

its  nature, 

information 

capital  cost  of  R268  million.  Given  the 

technology also presents significant risks 

legacy  issues  and  disparate  systems  so 

and must be well governed and controlled 

common  to  a  merged  group,  we  have 

to  ensure  the  function  supports  the 

opted  for  a  two-phased  approach  to  the 

group’s strategic objectives. In exercising 

overall execution of this project. The first 

their duty of care, Exxaro directors ensure 

phase,  focused  on  design/blueprinting, 

that  prudent  and  reasonable  steps  have 

was 

initiated 

in  November  2010  and 

been  taken  in  information  management 

completed  in  February  2011.  The  second 

governance.

phase  is  implementing  the  new  solution; 
this  will  begin  in  March  2011  and  be 

One  of  Exxaro’s  strategic  focus  areas  is 

completed by October 2011.

achieving  operational  excellence.  This 

involves  simplifying,  standardising  and 

Oversight  for  information  management 

optimising core processes and structures 

(IM) 

in  Exxaro  falls  under  the  new 

across  the  group  to  ensure  a  common 

strategic  business  programme. 

It 

is 

method of executing Exxaro business, and 

monitored  by 

the  finance  director, 

having  exceptional  services  that  support 

general  manager  IM,  and  the  executive 

its growth and operational excellence.

general  managers  for  coal,  sands  and 

A  strategic  business  programme  was 

committee  meets  quarterly,  with  ad  hoc 

launched (page 45) to address these and 

meetings as required, and reports to the 

other  strategic  goals  such  as  generating 

audit,  risk  and  compliance  committee  of 

base metals and corporate services. The 

unrivalled  value 

in  return  on  capital 

the board. 

employed, and creating robust businesses 

that  share,  optimise  cost  structures, 

The IM executive committee is mandated 

improve  throughput  and  optimise  their 

to  ensure  proper  ICT  (information  and 

sales mix.

communications  technology)  governance 

and policies are in place, that overarching 

Technology plays a key role in enabling this 

ICT  strategic  direction 

is  aligned  to 

vision.  Accordingly  we 

launched  an 

Exxaro’s strategy. The committee will also 

investigation 

in  September  2010 

to 

monitor 

ICT 

value 

delivery 

and 

understand  the  key  business  drivers  and 

performance, functional sustainability and 

technology  requirements  of  our  business 

compliance  with  statutory  requirements 

programme  and  determine  the  most 

and  corporate  governance.  This  includes 

appropriate  enterprise  resource  planning 

consultative  processes  with  stakeholders 

(ERP)  strategy  to  enable  our  vision.  We 

such as employees and organised labour.

Governance of information 
management
All activities in the information 

management (IM) domain are governed 

by the following principles:

>   Strategic alignment — ensuring 

IM strategy is aligned with business 

strategy and that IM delivers against 

the strategy

>   Delivering value — optimising 

expenditure, proving the value of 

IM by delivering new investments 

that support the enterprise

>   Risk management — safeguarding 

information communication and 

technology assets and information, 

disaster recovery and continuity of 

operations

>   Resource management — making 

informed decisions about focus and 

priority for the use of information 

technology (IT) resources (finance, 

people, applications, technology, 

facilities, data), ensuring appropriate 

IT and related business resources 

are available to enable IM to deliver 

on expectations

>   Performance management — 

tracking project delivery and 

monitoring all information and 

communications technology (ICT) 

services to ensure operational 

excellence.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 21

STRATEGIC FOCUS AREAS

Exxaro’s  business  strategy  is  guided  by 

areas 

below, 

together  with 

our 

relevant areas and our business objectives 

five  areas  where  the  group  believes  it 

understanding  of  each  and  the  relevant 

set  out  targeted  financial  and  non-

must  perform  well  to  claim  competitive 

performance  examples.  The  CEO  and 

financial indicators (page 3).

advantage  and  provide  an  attractive 

financial 

and 

operational 

reviews 

investment  case.  We  explain  these  focus 

(pages 44 and 48) provide more detail in 

Strategic focus area

Implementation

Measure

Results and target

Ensure Exxaro’s 

sustainability

Integrated approach to risk 
management 

Access to good quality 
long-term resources
Responsible, safe operations

Risk management part of 
strategy, business planning 
and day-to-day operations
Life of mine

Environmental footprint, 
performance against safety 
and health objectives

Regulatory compliance 
Corporate citizenship

Responsible corporate 
citizenship footprint.
Governance ratings (JSE) 
and Socially Responsible 
Investment Index (SRI)

Healthy balance sheet and 
financial metrics

Financial performance

Protected intellectual 
property
Appropriate new technology 
development

Patent and trademark 
registrations and protection
Technology pipeline aligned 
with strategy

Entrenched integrated enterprise-wide 
risk management governance in place 
(page 16)
Long-term resources are aligned with 
commodity strategy (page 60, 64)
Prudent ongoing rehabilitation and 
provision for closure
Fatalities and lost-time injuries lower than 
in 2009; target remains zero (page 78)
Integrated water and waste management 
programmes implemented (page 95)
HIV and TB management strategies 
implemented (page 88, 89)
Progressive compliance with King III and 
revised mining charter (page 144, 156)
One of the best-performing constituents 
of the JSE’s SRI Index (page 30)
Socio-economic spend of 2,5% of net 
profit after tax from managed operations 
(page 131)
Debt to equity ratio of 13%
Compliance achieved with all loan 
covenants
Healthy financial metrics; geared for 
growth
Refer to the financial and operational 
review on page 48
Intellectual property committee formed 
from internal resources and legal advisors 
to ensure protection and currency of 
patents and licenses where applicable

22 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Strategic focus area

Implementation

Measure

Results and target

Protect and build 

Exxaro’s reputation

Positive stakeholder 
engagement

Representation and fair 
workplace

Publicity/media coverage. 
Feedback from stakeholder 
interaction initiatives
Recognition as an employer 
of choice
Legislative and regulatory 
compliance

Transparent and compliant 
reporting

Industry leader in 
transformation

Integrated and transparent 
reporting of economic, 
social and environmental 
performance
Compliance with revised 
mining charter

Develop Exxaro’s 

leadership and people

Preferred local and export 
supplier
Living our values and brand

Feedback from customers

Internal and external 
surveys

Develop effective leaders
Ensure right talent for 
operational management 
and growth
Reward and remunerate for 
innovation and productivity
Recognise our people as our 
strength

Leadership interventions, 
cross-discipline exposure, 
and management rotation

Benchmarked remuneration
Staff turnover rate
Internal recognition awards

Refer to stakeholder engagement 
summary on pages 25 to 28

Rated second among the mining 
companies that participated in the 
Deloitte Best Company to Work For survey
Progressive compliance with employment 
equity targets (page 123, 156)
Entrenched and compliant employment 
practices supported by a code of ethics 
and underpinned by a grievance and 
disciplinary policy
2010 integrated annual report

More than 50% black ownership
Representative board and executive 
committee overseeing strategy and 
day-to-day management
Progressive compliance with employment 
equity targets
50% of discretionary procurement spend 
went to HDSA suppliers
Refer to stakeholder engagement 
summary on page 25
Internal 360° peer evaluations reflect 
Exxaro value entrenchment among 
employees

Refer to social performance report on 
pages 120 to 128
Exxaro’s Best Company to Work For rating 
in 2010 was slightly lower than 2009, 
primarily because of the restructuring 
programme under way (page 45)

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 23

STRATEGIC FOCUS AREAS CONTINUED

Strategic focus area

Implementation

Measure

Results and target

Improve Exxaro’s 

portfolio

Top-quartile performer in 
peer group
Solid performance and 
growth throughout the 
commodity cycle

Innovation and 
technological development 
supporting Exxaro’s drive 
for continuous improvement 
and growth aspirations

JSE SRI Index rating
Return on capital employed 
(ROCE) comparison to peer 
group
Compound annual growth 
rate (CAGR) for revenue and 
net operating profit (EBIT)
Internal capacity and 
experience of technology 
resources 
Research and development 
(R&D) capacity and progress

Well-articulated growth 
strategy with robust and 
balanced opportunity and 
project pipeline
Funding capacity to support 
strategy realisation

Unambiguous growth 
strategy known to all 
stakeholders

Healthy financial metrics
External financial support
Credit rating

Achieve operational 

excellence

Physical production 
performance
Market share and reliability 
of supply

Consistently achieve annual 
stretched performance 
targets
Rigorous performance 
reviews for operations and 
support services
Effective project execution 
on time and within budget

Low-cost producer

Position on cash cost curve

One of the best-performing constituents 
of the JSE’s SRI Index
ROCE at 38% exceeds internal target and 
externally determined benchmark
CAGR for revenue and EBIT at 19% and 
52% respectively since creation of Exxaro

Management of mega project 
development, eg Grootegeluk mine 
expansion for Medupi (GMEP) performed 
with internal resources
Development of current application of 
AlloystreamTM technology by internal R&D 
resources 
Refer to strategy in CEO report on 
page 45 and growth report on page 60

Debt to equity ratio of 13%; healthy 
financial metrics; compliance with all 
external loan covenants; appetite from 
financiers for Exxaro’s mega-project 
financing (R4,5bn bridge facility for GMEP 
in place); formal credit rating to be 
considered in 2011

Coal production marginally higher in 2010; 
aspiration to become the largest coal 
producer in South Africa in the next few 
years (currently second) — 75Mt coal and 
750kt reductants per year
Increase coal export volumes and be a 
reliable local supplier
Char plant ramped up to nameplate 
capacity in last quarter of 2010. Pigment 
plant expansion at Kwinana in Australia 
ramped up to nameplate capacity in 2010
Maintain position among leading global 
suppliers of titanium dioxide and zircon, 
and increase share of global chloride 
pigment market
Cash production costs year on year on 
average below external inflation indicators 
due to disciplined cost management
Business optimisation project (Siyaya) 
aims to introduce a more effective 
operating model with benefits of increased 
revenue and lower service costs

24 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT

Engaging with our stakeholders is fundamental to creating value for all our investors. It also builds solid relationships with authorities 
and interested and affected parties. 

To further strengthen stakeholder engagement, Exxaro applies the AA1000SES standard based on the processes shown below. This is 
supported by a new integrated software system to manage stakeholder engagement more effectively.

Exxaro communicates with each stakeholder group in a number of ways: 

Stakeholder group

Objective

Issues raised

Progress

Employees are invited to 
comment on any aspect of the 
group through bi-monthly 
newsletters, intranet, regular 
employee surveys and feedback 
from various forums

Customer perceptions are 
surveyed through external 
service providers and by 
regular interaction

Supplier interaction is ongoing 
through external perception 
surveys, forums and other 
initiatives 

To maintain informed and 
supportive employees

Retrenchment procedures
Strategic business 
optimisation programme

Long-term security of supply

Long-term security of supply
Effectiveness of planned 
procure-to-pay process

To ensure customers view 
Exxaro as a reliable supplier 
and partner

>   Capitalise on our 

purchasing power to drive 
socio-economic 
empowerment, 
transformation and 
development in South 
Africa

>   Maintain a constructive and 

positive preferential 
procurement relationship 
between Exxaro and its 
suppliers

Trade unions — regular 
consultation with all recognised 
unions by the group’s employee 
relations management unit 

To maintain a collaborative 
relationship with accredited 
trade unions

Retrenchment procedures
Strategic business 
optimisation programme

Information-sharing sessions 
held. Opportunity to 
participate in consultation 
phase facilitated

Continuous engagement on 
mutually beneficial 
contractual arrangements

Target exceeded for 2010. 
Progress against targets in 
new mining charter tracked 
quarterly
Ongoing engagement

In 2010, Exxaro notified 
unions of the planned 
retrenchment of a maximum 
of 300 employees. Through 
consultation, we are still 
examining all options to limit 
the effect of restructuring on 
our people

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 25

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT CONTINUED

Stakeholder group

Objective

Issues raised

Progress

To maintain informed and 
supportive relationships with 
authorities and regulators at 
all levels that are important to 
Exxaro’s business aspirations

Progress with mining right 
conversions and approvals
Issuing of water permits and 
environmental approvals

Authorities — consultation at 
national, provincial, district and 
local level. Key government 
departments with which Exxaro 
interacts include mineral 
resources, water affairs, labour, 
environmental affairs and trade 
and industry

Regulators — senior Exxaro 
members meet with officials 
from relevant government 
departments

Industry bodies

To participate in industry 
forums instrumental to 
Exxaro’s business

Revised mining charter. 
Industry safety initiatives

Relationships at national and 
international level are handled 
by senior management. Local 
and regional government 
relations are handled by 
experienced members of 
Exxaro safety and sustainable 
development department. 
Understanding that sound 
government relations 
facilitate the group’s 
compliance/licensing 
requirements (mining rights, 
water permits, etc) Exxaro will 
centralise accountability for 
national/international 
relations, as well as oversight 
of all group stakeholder 
relations, as part of the 
group’s strategic business 
optimisation programme 

Exxaro’s chief executive 
officer has completed his third 
term as president of the 
Chamber of Mines, and the 
group actively participates in 
chamber issues

Investors — regular interaction 
between management and 
investor community includes 
financial results presentations, 
roadshows, site visits and 
individual meetings. Investors 
may request access to group 
operations and management 

To nurture solid relationships 
with investors, fund managers 
and investment analysts to 
ensure that Exxaro’s strategy, 
business plans and reported 
results are understood

Clarity on mineral sands 
strategy
Progress with energy portfolio
Progress with divesting zinc 
interests

Formal programme being 
developed to communicate 
strategy, challenges and 
targets to local and 
international investors

Media — regular interaction 
between management and 
media representatives 

To maintain informed and 
supportive media 
stakeholders

Coverage on mining groups’ 
alleged non-compliance with 
environmental legislation

Proactive interactions for 
insight on Exxaro’s strategy 
and developments: news 
releases, site visits, briefings, 
interviews. Media relations to 
manage ad hoc issues 

26 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Stakeholder group

Objective

Issues raised

Progress

Communities — in addition to 
the stakeholder engagement 
process, business units’ 
management members serve 
on municipal forums for 
integrated development 
planning and local economic 
development, and actively 
participate in capacity-building 
initiatives 

To consult with stakeholder 
communities on their needs, 
project planning and 
implementation

To provide details of 
stakeholders, basis for 
identification, engagement, 
stakeholder concerns, use of 
engagement information 

To demonstrate commitment 
to stakeholder involvement on 
social sustainability issues 
through policy and 
implementation 

Interest groups — Exxaro is 
building strong relationships 
with relevant non-government 
bodies and interest groups

Collaboration and partnering 
with interest groups that are 
important to Exxaro’s 
business operations

Employment opportunities 
and environmental impacts

Some environmental groups 
raised issues with the JSE and 
in the media about mining 
companies’ compliance with 
environmental standards, and 
whether JSE standards for 
membership of the Socially 
Responsible Investment index 
need to be raised. For Exxaro, 
issues included the alleged 
absence of water licences at 
specific operations and 
unauthorised mining 
operations at another

By June 2011 we aim to have a 
standardised strategy and 
systems in place to formalise:
>   Identifying stakeholders
>   Analysing stakeholder 

issues 

>   Formulating company 

responses 

>   Implementing stakeholder 

engagement plans for each 
operation

>   Training all relevant 

employees in the approach 
to stakeholder engagement

Exxaro satisfied the JSE that 
the required water licences 
had been issued, and that no 
unauthorised mining activities 
were being undertaken at 
Arnot’s Mooifontein section. 
Exxaro also demonstrated 
that an innovative solution 
was being implemented at 
Matla to preserve and 
minimise mining impacts on 
the wetland (page 97)

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 27

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT CONTINUED

Commitment to external initiatives
As part of our goal of leadership in sustainability, Exxaro actively participates in initiatives that benefit both the industry and South 

Africa. 

Initiative

Purpose

Progress

Community health project

To create HIV awareness and encourage 

Projects initiated at Arnot, Leeuwpan and 

HIV testing in communities surrounding 

North Block Complex in 2010. This will be 

our business units. We aim to create an 

followed by Inyanda, Matla and New 

environment that has no stigma against 

Clydesdale in 2011

people living with HIV/Aids

Exxaro chair in earth science at University 

Encourage research and dialogue

Support initiated until 2013

of Pretoria

University of Pretoria community-based 

Develop standards and protocols

Standards and protocols periodically 

project module 

reviewed

Exxaro chair in business and climate 

Encourage research and dialogue

Support renewed until 2015

change at Unisa

Exxaro chair for global change and 

Promote thought leadership

New support to 2013

sustainability at Wits

Mineral Education Trust Fund

Pool industry resources to support 

Annual contribution of over R1 million

National Business Initiative

tertiary education in the South African 

minerals industry and jointly seek 

solutions to related challenges

To ensure a coordinated response to 
issues such as climate change and water

Corporate membership
Exxaro participates in the Carbon 
Disclosure Project (CDP) programme for 
energy and water to ensure responsible 
stewardship

Bridging school

Enable school leavers to pursue tertiary 

Annual funding of over R2 million

education

28 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Case study — Grootegeluk expansion embodies Exxaro’s approach to sustainability

Grootegeluk  mine’s  expansion  for  Medupi  (GMEP)  is  one  of  the  largest  mining  growth  projects  in  southern  Africa,  and  bears 

testimony to Exxaro’s ability to successfully plan, develop and implement projects of this magnitude. On completion, this expansion 

will make Grootegeluk the largest coal operation in the world, producing around 33Mtpa of power station, coking and steam coal.

Realising the catalystic effect GMEP would have on the region and its infrastructure, Exxaro spearheaded the formation of the 

Lephalale Development Forum. This body brings together national, provincial and local government, other industry participants 

and civil society to meet the socio-economic development challenges that the Lephalale municipality would face.

The R9,5 billion GMEP project, near Lephalale in Limpopo province, entered a new phase in June 2010 as project team members 

moved on site to start construction. At present, GMEP is scheduled to begin supplying 14,6Mtpa coal to Eskom’s new power station 

(Medupi)  from  the  second  quarter  of  2012,  coinciding  with  the  commissioning  of  the  expansion  project.  Full  coal  production  is 

expected from 2014/2015.

The bulk of the long lead-time and major supply contracts for the project were finalised in mid-2010, including contracts for the 

supply of stackers and reclaimers, as well as the in-pit crushing system (a mobile system that enables operations teams to crush 

run-of-mine material as the mine pit advances. Material is then transported via conveyor belt to processing plants. Civil construction 

is well underway.

What this means to Exxaro
>   Grootegeluk will be able to supply the Medupi power station with over 14Mtpa of coal for the next 40 years from a beneficiation 

plant that has been designed to be energy efficient and zero effluent

>   It will enable Exxaro to increase its volumes available for export, and develop downstream products such as char and market coke 

in line with government’s drive to add value to natural resources through beneficiation. 

What it means to local labour
>   Through Exxaro’s housing project (page 94), more than R25 million has been spent with(cid:3)local suppliers and sub-contractors. At 

year end, the project had employed close to 500 local contractors, around 50% of its total labour force

>   Around  100  people  have  been  trained  by  Exxaro  contractors  as  part  of  the  group’s  socio-economic  development  plan.  This 

includes health and safety training as well as specialised technical skills. 

What it means to the region
>   Additional housing, education, health and welfare services, sport and recreation facilities are being planned, in conjunction with 

regional stakeholders

>   The capacity of the local water-treatment works (which supplies most of the municipal area with potable water) is being doubled 

at a capital cost of R100 million. This will supply 40 megalitres of drinking-quality water per day, which is expected to meet the 

region’s needs into the foreseeable future. The upgrade started in April 2010 and will be completed by August 2011.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 29

REPORT SCOPE AND BOUNDARY

Exxaro’s  2010  integrated  annual  report 

Initiative  (G3),  and  the  content  of  this 

Ongoing  feedback  from  a  range  of 

covers  the  group’s  financial  and  non-

report  has  again  been  prepared  in  line 

stakeholders  helps  us  to  contextualise 

financial performance. This integrates our 

with  GRI 

intermediate 

application 

certain  issues  better  for  more  informed 

economic,  social  and  environmental 

level B+.

results  for  a  group-wide  understanding, 

understanding  by  readers.  Feedback  is  a 

critical  element  of  our  reporting  process 

and  sets  out 

the  challenges  and 

As  a  signatory  to  the  United  Nations 

and the completed feedback form included 

opportunities  ahead.  The  report  is  also 

Global  Compact,  Exxaro  also  reports 

in this report should be directed to:

available at www.exxaro.com.

annually  on  progress  in  upholding  the 

Ramesh Chhagan

ten  universally  accepted  principles  of 

Manager: Risk and Sustainable 

The  methodologies 

for  determining 

human  rights,  labour,  the  environment 

Development

specific  indicators  are  described  in  the 

and anti-corruption.

E-mail: ramesh.chhagan@exxaro.com

text,  eg  injuries,  carbon  footprint  and  air 

Telephone: +27 12 307 4038

quality management.

Sustainability  performance  in  this  report 

Fax: +27 12 307 5338

spans  the  12  months  from  1  January  to 

Mobile: +27 83 609 1446

Exxaro was formed in November 2006 by 

31  December  2010.  In  addition  to  the 

www.exxaro.com

merging  the  former  Kumba  Resources 

printed report and web site, the report is 

and  Eyesizwe  operations.  While  this 

also available on CD.

process is largely complete, consolidation 

of  the  Namakwa  Sands  business  only 

This report excludes operations where we 

started towards the end of 2008. This has 
made  data  comparability  challenging  in 

do not have management control: 

>   Australia  Sands  —  principal  asset  is  a 

JSE Socially Responsible 
Investment (SRI) index 
Exxaro was again ranked among the best 

performers on the JSE’s revised SRI index 
in 2010. This index identifies best practice 

some areas. Throughout these processes, 

50% ownership of Tiwest joint venture

in  corporate  social  responsibility  and 

however,  Exxaro’s  earlier  adoption  of 

>   Chifeng  Refinery  —  Exxaro  has  an 

corporate  governance  in  a  benchmark 

triple bottom-line reporting has remained 

effective  22%  economic  interest  in  an 

index. Exxaro is classified as having a high 

a  cornerstone  of  our  commitment  to 

existing 

refinery 

facility 

in 

Inner 

environmental 

impact  because 

it 

is 

sustainable  development  and  of  our 

Mongolia, China

involved in mining and metals.

determination  to  entrench  global  safety 

>   Mafube  coal  mine  —  joint  venture  in 

and 

sustainable 

development 

best 

Mpumalanga, South Africa.

Solid progress is being made in areas that 

practices 

in  all  operations.  Exxaro 

>   Sishen Iron Ore Company — Exxaro has 

do  not  yet 

fully  comply  with  JSE 

therefore  reports  against  the  2006 

a 20% equity interest

guidelines  of 

the  Global  Reporting 

In determining material issues to include in this report, Exxaro uses the methodology 
recommended by G3 which spans external and internal factors: 

External 

Internal 

>   Key sustainability issues raised 

>   Exxaro’s values, policies, strategies, 

by stakeholders

processes and targets

>   Sectoral issues and challenges 
reported by peers and industry 
bodies such as the Chamber of 
Mines

>   The interests and expectations of 

stakeholders for whom our corporate 
progress is paramount, including employees, 
shareholders and suppliers

>   Relevant legislation and 

>   Key risks defined by corporate risk 

voluntary agreements (local 
and international) of strategic 
significance to the group and 
its stakeholders

>   High-profile sustainability 

issues, impacts or 
opportunities, from climate 
change to HIV/Aids

methodologies

>   Critical factors for Exxaro’s success, 
including the synergy between our 
operations and the universal aims of 
sustainable development.

The  outcome  of  this  process  identified  a  number  of  material  issues  pertinent  to 
business sustainability. These are disclosed on the foldout at the start of this report 
and cross referenced to detailed commentary in relevant sections.

requirements, 

specifically 

providing 

quantitative  objectives  and  targets  for 

certain  areas,  and  reporting  on  strategic 

moves towards sustainability.

Assurance — broad-based 
verification
Exxaro’s 

internal  systems  record  and 

monitor 

the 

quality 

(accuracy, 

completeness 

and 

consistency) 

of 

management  information  and  any  data 

gaps in the group.

In line with our commitment to the triple 

bottom  line,  having  the  quality  of  our 

disclosure  independently  assured  is  an 

integral part of reporting to stakeholders. 

Each year, the performance indicators and 

physical  sites  selected 

for  external 

assurance  are  assessed  to  ensure  this 

process 

adds  maximum 

value 

to 

stakeholders.  Ernst  &  Young’s  report 

appears on page 172.

30 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Awards and recognition

Tshwane 

International  Trade  and 

Infrastructure 

Investment 

Award  of  excellence  —  alternative  and  renewable  energies 

conference

category

Energy Cybernetics — inaugural Energy Barometer awards

First  place  —  corporate  head  office  category  —  for  actual 

operational efficiency

SANAS  reassessment  —  full  decade  of  excellence  since  first 

Namakwa  Sands  laboratories  at  the  smelter  and  mineral 

achieving IS 17025 accreditation in 2000

separation plant

NOSCAR — fifth consecutive award

Namakwa Sands — making it one of the top performing mines in 

the  country  on  safety,  health  and  environment  management 

standards (only 80 of 13 000 companies using the NOSA system 

have achieved this level of SHE performance)

Nedbank Capital Green Mining awards 

Exxaro won joint first place in the socio-economic category for 

its Zikhulise SME development and skills training centre project 

in  KwaZulu-Natal.  The  group  was  runner-up  in  the  prestigious 

sustainability category for the Lephalale eco-housing initiative, 

and  the  only  company  to  feature  twice  in  the  awards.  Now  in 

their  fifth  year,  the  Green  Mining  awards  acknowledge  the 

contribution responsible mining and mineral beneficiation makes 

to economic development in Africa

SAICE Engineering Excellence awards

A KZN Sands team scooped Project of the Year and overall 2010 

Innovation trophy at the annual Engineering Excellence awards, 

held by the South African Institute of Chemical Engineers. The 

awards  recognise  innovation  and  excellence  in  the  field  of 

chemical  engineering  and  pit  some  of  the  best  engineering 

projects  in  the  country  against  each  other.  The  Innovation 

accolade is widely regarded as the most prestigious award for a 

chemical engineer in South Africa. The same team has also been 

nominated  in  four  categories  for  the  international  awards  for 

innovation and excellence, held in the United Kingdom

2009 integrated annual report

Ranked  among  the  15  excellent  reports  by  Ernst  &  Young’s 

Excellence in Sustainability Reporting 2010

Corporate Research Foundation’s Best Employers survey 2010

Exxaro was ranked seventh among the top large-sized employers 

Carbon Disclosure Project 2010

(more than 4 000 employees)

Exxaro  took  part  in  the  Carbon  Disclosure  Project  and  again 

improved its performance significantly; it was ranked fourth out 

of 74 of the top 100 JSE listed companies

Exxaro was also one of the few mining companies to voluntarily 

participate in the first CDP water project

2010 Shenhua Cup International Mining Skills Competition, China

Matla won: (1) gold in the continuous miner operations category; 

(2)  silver  in  electrical  fault-finding  (long-wall  shearer);  and  (3) 

bronze for long-wall mining operations

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 31

MACRO-ECONOMIC AND COMMODITY REVIEW

Following on the global recession of 2009, 

6,4% due to monetary tightening in these 

The  key  risks  to  the  global  economy  in 

the world economy was characterised by a 

countries  and  slowing  growth 

in  the 

2011 are the possibility of more sovereign 

two-speed recovery in 2010. Whereas the 

export  markets  of  Europe  and  Japan. 

debt  problems  in  Europe,  as  well  as 

advanced  economies  recorded  real  GDP 

However,  economic  expansion  in  these 

possible  premature  and  excessive  fiscal 

(gross domestic product) growth of some 

countries will remain the major engine of 

and  monetary  tightening  in  this  region 

2,8%, the economies of emerging markets 

growth in the world economy in 2011.

which would result in very weak growth. In 

expanded  by  a  much  better  7,0%.  The 

emerging  markets,  on  the  other  hand, 

world  as  a  whole  recorded  real  GDP 

Economic  expansion 

in  the  USA 

is 

there  is  the  risk  that  central  banks  may 

growth of 3,9%, with developing countries 

expected to pick up steam in 2011, with the 

not  react  quickly  enough  to  counter  the 

growing at a fair rate of 4,0%. 

country expected to record a respectable 

inflationary threat and that price increases 

real  GDP  growth  rate  of  3,2%  based 

could thus spiral out of control. Conversely, 

Despite  unprecedented  monetary  easing 

primarily  on  private-sector  recovery  and 

excessive 

tightening  would  constrain 

and  stimulatory  measures  in  advanced 

the  continuation  of  fiscal  stimulus.  The 

economic  growth.  In  the  USA,  the  major 

economies,  these  countries  continued  to 

sovereign  and  banking-debt  crisis 

is 

risk appears to be the possibility that the 

face  conditions  typified  by  tight  credit, 

expected 

to  continue 

to  weigh  on 

property  market  could  continue 

to 

stagnant consumer demand and business 

confidence in Europe, with more countries, 

stagnate,  pushing  a  recovery 

in  this 

investment,  declining  housing  demand 

such  as  Spain,  Portugal  and  Belgium, 

market beyond 2011. This risk is shared by 

and  prices,  and  high  unemployment.  In 

thought to be at risk. Economic growth of 

some countries in Europe, notably the UK, 

addition,  banking  and  sovereign  debt 

some  1,6%  could  be  realised  in  Western 

Spain, France and Sweden.

crises,  notably  in  Greece  and  Ireland, 
continued to undermine confidence in the 

Europe. After a healthy recovery in 2010, 
Japan’s  real  GDP  growth  is  forecast  to 

Other  economic  risks  facing  the  world 

developed  world,  especially  in  Europe. 

stall temporarily, reaching only about 1,2% 

include 

the 

spectre  of 

increased 

Real GDP growth in the USA and Western 

in 2011.

Europe  advanced  by  2,9%  and  1,7% 

protectionism, currency manipulation and 

capital  controls  due  to  real  or  perceived 

respectively, while Japan’s GDP increased 

Real GDP growth in China is anticipated to 

exchange  rate  imbalances,  the  possibility 

by an exceptional 4,0%.

be  9,5%  in  2011.  As  with  many  other 

of  equity  and  property  bubbles 

in 

emerging  economies,  the  slowdown  in 

emerging  economies,  and  spikes  in  the 

In  emerging  markets,  on  the  other  hand, 

growth  is  expected  to  be  precipitated  by 

prices of oil, food and other commodities 

monetary 

easing 

and 

stimulatory 

fiscal  and  monetary 

tightening  and 

worldwide.  The  latter  could  continue  to 

measures had the desired effect and these 

depressed  market  conditions  in  Europe 

give  rise  to  social  unrest,  especially  in 

countries  continued  to  grow  at  a  healthy 

and  Japan.  Economic  expansion  in  India, 

countries with high unemployment. 

pace 

in  2010.  China  recorded  real 

however,  is  not  expected  to  suffer  much, 

economic  expansion  of  10,3%  and  India 

with  real  GDP  growth  of  8,3%  forecast 

8,5%.  Improved  intra-regional  trade  in 

for 2011.

south-east Asia countered muted demand 

conditions in the major consumer markets 

of  the  USA  and  Europe.  However,  rising 

Comparative GDP growth rates

inflationary 

pressures 

in 

emerging 

economies caused governments to resort 

to  monetary-tightening  measures  in  the 

second  half  of  2010,  resulting 

in  a 

moderate slowdown in growth generally.

In 2011, the two-speed recovery is likely to 

remain  a  feature  of  the  global  economy. 

Real GDP growth of some 3,5% is expected 

worldwide,  with  growth 

in  advanced 

economies decreasing to an expected rate 

of  2,4%  due  to  the  persistence  of 

conditions noted earlier and the need for 

fiscal  tightening 

in  Europe  especially. 

Economic  growth  in  emerging  markets  is 

expected  to  decline  moderately  to  about 

16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4

)
e
g
n
a
h
c
%

(
h
t
w
o
r
g
P
D
G

32 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

1
9
9
1

2
9
9
1

3
9
9
1

4
9
9
1

5
9
9
1

6
9
9
1

7
9
9
1

8
9
9
1

9
9
9
1

0
0
0
2

1
0
0
2

2
0
0
2

3
0
0
2

4
0
0
2

5
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

9
0
0
2

0
1
0
2

China

South Africa

World

United States

 
 
 
Following on the dismal economic growth 

rand is expected to remain strong in 2011, 

prices  increased  by  some  28%  and  steel 

performance  during 

the  worldwide 

at an average exchange rate of 7,15 against 

and  stainless  steel  prices  improved  by 

recession in 2009, South Africa’s real GDP 

the US dollar. A strong rand will continue 

about 

30%. 

Besides 

commodity 

growth  recovered,  albeit  slower  than 

to put pressure on export earnings and on 

production 

and  utilisation,  mineral 

expected,  to  2,7%  in  2010.  Despite  high 

the competitiveness of exporters. Factors 

markets  were 

influenced  by  supply 

consumer debt levels, strict bank lending 

that  could  have  a  major  impact  on  the 

disruptions, 

including 

weather-, 

rules,  continued  job  losses  and  elevated 

exchange  rate 

include  stronger-than-

infrastructure-, 

labour-  and  politically-

energy  costs,  real  private  consumption 

expected economic growth in the USA and 

related events, exchange rate movements 

expenditure increased at a healthy 4,7%. 

further sovereign debt woes in Europe.

and  investment  demand,  with  the  impact 

of the last factor continuing to increase. 

Expectations  are  that  accommodative 

monetary 

policy, 

together 

with 

Commodity review
China,  and  to  a  lesser  extent  India  and 

Estimates  are  that  global  crude  steel 

strengthening real disposable income and 

other emerging economies, remained the 

production  increased  by  15,0%,  or  by 

an  increase  in  consumer  confidence,  will 

major  engine  of  growth  for  commodity 

184Mt, in 2010 compared to 2009. In China 

result  in  improving  demand  conditions 

demand 

in  2010.  Robust  materials-

crude steel production expanded by about 

and 

the  economic  recovery  gaining 

intensive  real  fixed  asset  investment  and 

53Mt (9,3%) compared to 2009, totalling 

momentum  in  2011,  leading  to  real  GDP 

industrial  production  growth,  rising  by 

about 627Mt. Production in the rest of the 

growth 

increasing  to  3,6%.  This 

is, 

12,5%  and  15,3%  respectively,  meant 

world thus rose by some 20,0%, or about 

however, still significantly below potential. 

China  again  accounted  for  the  major 

131Mt, to 787Mt. However, this recovery in 

local 
High  household  debt,  a  strong 
currency,  uncertainty  on  future  macro 

portion  of  the  increase  in  commodity 
demand  in  2010  with  that  country  being 

crude  steel  production  in  the  rest  of  the 
world  has  left  output  still  some  4,8% 

policy,  high  wage  costs,  electricity 

responsible for over 30% of world demand 

below the level of 2008, prior to the global 

shortages  and  sharply  higher  electricity 

for almost all major mineral commodities.

economic recession. Growth in global steel 

prices, 

infrastructure 

inadequacy  and 

production is expected to continue in 2011, 

skills shortages will continue to constrain 

In 2010 commodity prices improved across 

with  emerging  and  advanced  economies 

the  economy.  Economic  developments 

the board, led by bulk prices, as advanced 

participating in this expansion. Output of 

elsewhere  in  the  world  will  also  continue 

economies  started  recovering  after  the 

crude  steel  is  expected  to  increase  by 

to have a significant impact on economic 

recession 

and 

emerging  markets 

some  5%  —  10%.  However,  shortages  of 

conditions in South Africa.

continued to grow at a healthy pace. The 

raw materials, particularly due to weather-

Economist  Metals  Price  Index,  based  on 

related  supply  disruptions,  could  hamper 

South  Africa’s  average  annual  consumer 

base metals prices, rose by 22%, crude oil 

steel production.

price  inflation  declined  to  4,3%  in  2010 

from  7,1%  in  2009,  allowing  for  further 

monetary relaxation by the Reserve Bank 

during  this  period.  On  a  quarterly  basis, 

the  inflation  rate  started  levelling  off  in 

the fourth quarter, at 3,5%, with increases 

in administered prices and above-inflation 

wage  demands  limiting  the  downward 

potential.  The  average  inflation  rate  in 

2011 is expected to remain at the level of 

2010.

The rand continued to strengthen against 

the US dollar in 2010, recording an average 

rate  of  7,32  compared  to  8,44  in  2009. 

The rand strengthened significantly in the 

last  quarter  of  2010,  due  mainly  to 

investment  flows  into  the  country  as 

emerging markets became the destination 

of  choice  for  foreign  investors  seeking 

higher  yields  for  their  investments.  The 

Nominal historical contract iron ore prices

)
t
/
$
S
U
(

e
c
i
r
P

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

1
9
9
1

2
9
9
1

3
9
9
1

4
9
9
1

5
9
9
1

6
9
9
1

7
9
9
1

8
9
9
1

9
9
9
1

0
0
0
2

1
0
0
2

2
0
0
2

3
0
0
2

4
0
0
2

5
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

9
0
0
2

0
1
0
2

Australia-Asia lump ore 
contract price

Australia-Asia fine ore 
contract price

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 33

 
MACRO-ECONOMIC AND COMMODITY REVIEW CONTINUED

In  the  international  coking  coal  market, 

early-2011 could see prices rise significantly 

increasing by more than 25% in these two 

the 

pricing  mechanism 

underwent 

in  the  first  quarter  of  2011  or  longer. 

countries, whereas exports from Indonesia 

fundamental change in 2010, moving from 

Benchmark semi-soft coking coal and low-

and Colombia rose by some 17% and 10% 

annual  benchmark  contract  pricing  to 

vol PCI coal saw price rises above 80% in 

respectively. 

Export 

volumes 

from 

quarterly  or  even  monthly  pricing.  The 

2010.  Given  the  forecast  tight  market 

Australia and South Africa were stagnant 

coking  coal  market  remained  structurally 

conditions  for  coking  coal  in  2011,  these 

due to logistical bottlenecks. The torrential 

tight  in  2010,  driven  primarily  by  rising 

swing  metallurgical  products  could  enjoy 

rains  in  north-eastern  Australia  in  early 

import demand from China and India and 

another year of strong price increases.

2011 will cause steam prices to remain well 

demand recovery in the rest of the world, 

above the USD110/t mark in the first part 

especially  Europe.  On  the  supply  side, 

The average Richards Bay spot steam coal 

of  2011  with  the  average  price  probably 

traditional swing producers, the USA and 

price  for  2010  of  USD91,21/t  was  some 

also  reaching  a  level  above  USD110/t. 

Canada, rose to the occasion by filling the 

42%  higher  than  the  average  for  2009. 

Logistical  capacity  for  seaborne  coal  is 

gap  in  the  market.  The  average  spot 

After starting the year at about USD83/t, 

expected to remain lower than demand in 

coking  coal  price  in  2010  was  USD222/t, 

the  price  ranged  between  USD82-95/t 

2011, which will also support higher prices. 

some  53%  higher  than  the  average  for 

until  the  end  of  October,  after  which  it 

South  Africa  will  not  be  able  to  capture 

2009. Structurally the coking coal market 

started  rising  significantly  to  exceed 

the  potential  additional  value 

in  the 

is  expected  to  remain  tight  in  2011,  with 

USD120/t  at  the  beginning  of  2011.  The 

market  given  that  the  ramp-up  of  rail 

average  prices  probably  remaining  at 

price  increase  was  driven  by  weather-

capacity  is  much  slower  than  that  of 

levels similar to 2010. However, significant 

related  supply  disruptions,  firstly 

in 

the port.

disruption  to  coking  coal  production  and 
transport in Queensland, Australia, due to 

in 
Indonesia  and  Colombia  and  then 
Australia  towards  the  end  of  the  year. 

In  2010  the 

iron  ore  contract  price 

torrential 

rains  over  end-2010  and 

Demand from India and China saw imports 

settlement  mechanism  between  iron  ore 

Nominal historical coal prices

)
t
/
$
S
U
(

e
c
i
r
P

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

1
9
9
1

2
9
9
1

3
9
9
1

4
9
9
1

5
9
9
1

6
9
9
1

7
9
9
1

8
9
9
1

9
9
9
1

0
0
0
2

1
0
0
2

2
0
0
2

3
0
0
2

4
0
0
2

5
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

9
0
0
2

0
1
0
2

Hard coking coal 
contract price

Semi-soft coking coal
contract price

RBCT steam coal 
spot price

producers  and  steel  mills  generally 

changed  from  an  annual  contract  to 

quarterly contracts, the latter being based 

on a trailing three-month average of spot 

prices  for  market  transactions  in  China. 

Monthly  Chinese  spot  prices  for  fine  ore 

increased  from  about  USD100/t  at  the 

beginning  of  2010  to  about  USD180/t  in 

June,  before  dropping  to  USD140/t  in 

September.  The  last  quarter  saw  prices 

rising again to USD170/t in December, for 

an average of USD142/t for the year. This 

was  about  90%  higher 

than 

the 

comparable  price  in  2009.  The  Chinese 

spot iron ore price trend followed the steel 

production  trend  in  that  country.  During 

the  year  Chinese  imports  of  iron  ore 

declined  by  about  2%,  but  domestic 

34 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
production  was  significantly  higher  than 

2010,  dollar  weakness  and  commodity 

in  stockpiles  that  keep  on  increasing. 

in 2009. Iron ore imports in the rest of the 

investment  demand  pushed  prices  to  an 

Nevertheless, 

commodity 

investment 

world expanded by about 30%, consistent 

average of USD2 281/t in December.

demand  should  sustain  prices  and  an 

with the recovery in steel production. The 

average  price  of  some  USD2  200/t  is 

global  iron  ore  market  is  expected  to 

In 2010 zinc demand grew by about 14%, 

forecast for 2011.

remain  tight 

in  2011  and  prices  are 

with  advanced  and  emerging  economies, 

therefore  forecast  to  increase  by  more 

including  China,  contributing  equally  in 

Following an approximate 9% increase in 

than 20% on average. However, should a 

percentage  terms.  Due  to  relatively  high 

mine production in 2010, zinc concentrate 

shortage of coking coal, due to flooding in 

zinc  prices  during  the  year,  refined  zinc 

production is expected to increase only by 

north-eastern  Australia,  cause 

steel 

production  rose  by  12%,  resulting  in  a 

about  5%  in  2011.  Forecasts  are  that  the 

production  to  be  curtailed, 

iron  ore 

market  surplus  of  about  900kt.  This 

concentrate  market  will  be  in  modest 

demand  and  prices  could  come  under 

caused zinc stocks to continue expanding, 

oversupply, but that realised contract zinc 

pressure.

with  LME  inventories  rising  from  about 

treatment  charges  in  2011  will  be  lower 

489kt  at  the  beginning  of  2010  to  some 

than  2010,  as  a  result  of  spot  zinc 

In  2010  the  average  LME  cash  zinc  price 

701kt at the end of the year.

treatment charges being much lower than 

was USD2 162/t, some 31% higher than in 

realised contract treatment charges for all 

2009.  In  the  first  half  of  2010,  the  zinc 

In 2011 refined zinc production is expected 

of  2010,  with  the  gap  widening  in  the 

price  declined 

from  an  average  of 

to expand by only about 3%, while demand 

second half of the year. A zinc treatment 

USD2  434/t  in  January  to  USD1  743/t  in 

is  projected  to  expand  by  6%,  primarily 

charge  of  USD210/t  of  concentrate  is 

June,  with  market  fundamentals  and  a 
strengthening  dollar  dictating  the  price 

driven  by  China  and  other  emerging 
in  the 
economies.  This  should  result 

forecast for 2011.

trend.  However,  in  the  second  half  of 

market surplus declining by 40%, but also 

Due  to  the  economic  recession,  the 

Nominal historical zinc and lead prices

)
t
/
$
S
U
(

s
e
c
i
r
p

d
a
e
l

d
n
a

c
n
Z

i

3 500

3 000

2 500

2 000

1 500

1 000 

500 

0

1
9
9
1

2
9
9
1

3
9
9
1

4
9
9
1

5
9
9
1

6
9
9
1

7
9
9
1

8
9
9
1

9
9
9
1

0
0
0
2

1
0
0
2

2
0
0
2

3
0
0
2

4
0
0
2

5
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

9
0
0
2

0
1
0
2

Zinc LME
spot price

Lead LME
spot price

Zinc realised treatment charge 
(US$/t concentrate)

titanium  dioxide  pigment  industry  cut 

back  production 

in  2009  to  match 

demand, 

resulting 

in 

low  capacity 

utilisation  rates.  Inventories  were  also 

drawn  down  to  historically  low  levels.  In 

addition three western plants were closed 

permanently during the recession, leading 

to  net  capacity  declining  by  5%.  In  2010, 

demand  recovered  at  a  higher-than-

expected  rate  of  about 

10%,  with 

consumption increasing both in advanced 

and emerging economies. Industry efforts 

to  ramp-up  production  to  meet  demand 

and replenish inventories were not entirely 

successful, due to production disruptions. 

The  tight  market  in  2010  resulted  in 

average  worldwide 

titanium  dioxide 

pigment  prices  rising  at  a  healthy  13% 

during  the  year.  Continued  low  inventory 

levels  and  expanding  demand  should 

produce another tight market in 2011 with 

a further increase in pigment prices.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 35

 
 
 
 
MACRO-ECONOMIC AND COMMODITY REVIEW CONTINUED

Nominal historical TiO2 pigment, feedstock and zircon prices

1 000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

)
t
/
$
S
U
(

s
e
c
i
r
p
n
o
c
r
i
z

d
n
a

k
c
o
t
s
d
e
e
f

2
O
T

i

2 500
2 250
2 000
1 750
1 500
1 250
1 000
750
500
250
0

)
t
/
$
S
U
(

e
c
i
r
p

t
n
e
m
g
i
P

1
9
9
1

2
9
9
1

3
9
9
1

4
9
9
1

5
9
9
1

6
9
9
1

7
9
9
1

8
9
9
1

9
9
9
1

0
0
0
2

1
0
0
2

2
0
0
2

3
0
0
2

4
0
0
2

5
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

9
0
0
2

0
1
0
2

Zircon price

Rutile price

Chloride 
slag price

US import 
pigment price

In 2010 higher-than-expected increases in 

of  low  industry  profitability.  This  leaves 

demand  for  titanium  dioxide  feedstock 

the supply industry with very little scope 

from  the  pigment  industry,  estimated  at 
16%, led to a tight market during the year, 

for  new  output  expansion  in  the  short  to 
medium term and higher prices are clearly 

despite producers ramping up production 

needed 

to 

induce 

new 

project 

to operate at close to full capacity. Supply 

development.  In  addition,  significant  cost 

disruptions,  noticeably 

labour-  and 

pressures  are  being  recorded 

in  the 

production-related  events 

in  southern 

industry,  notably  electricity  prices 

in 

Africa,  exacerbated  market  tightness. 

South  Africa.  Contracts  that  cap  price 

Average  prices  for  titanium  feedstocks 

increases  will  also  start  expiring  across 

generally  moved  sideways  or  increased 

the  industry  between  2011  and  2013,  and 

moderately.  However,  towards  the  end  of 

will  not  be  renewed.  Together,  these 

2010, 

the  outlook 

for  noteworthy 

factors point to significant feedstock price 

feedstock  price  increases  in  2011  gained 

increases  in  the  next  few  years.  In  2011 

ground  with  producers  and  consumers 

price  improvements  of  around  15%  and 

alike realising that markets, especially for 

more are anticipated. 

high-grade  feedstocks,  would  probably 

remain  tight  in  the  next  few  years  and 

During the economic recession, production 

could  move  into  significant  deficit  in  the 

of zircon was curtailed to match demand 

the  mining  industry  by  surprise,  with 

inventories being drawn down appreciably 

and  a  market  deficit  developing.  This, 

coupled to the fact that no significant new 

production  capacity  is  likely  to  come  on 

stream  before  2012,  led  to  zircon  prices 

increasing markedly in the second half of 

2010.  This  trend  is  expected  to  continue 

into 2011 as world markets face a supply-

constrained  future.  Average  international 

bulk zircon prices rose by a projected 26% 

in 2010. The average annual zircon price in 

2011  is  expected  to  be  more  than  60% 

higher than in 2010.

In 2010 the dollar weakened by 5% — 15% 

against 

the 

currencies 

of  major 

commodity-exporting 

countries. 

This 

softening  was  generally  caused  by  the 

accommodative  monetary  policy  in  the 
USA  and  investment  flows  into  emerging 

markets, as well as countries like Australia, 

where  higher  investment  yields  could  be 

realised.  The  weaker  dollar  resulted  in 

actual commodity-price increases in local 

currency units to be lower than price rises 

achieved  in  dollar  terms.  It  also  placed 

pressure  on  the  dollar-denominated  cash 

costs  of  companies  operating  in  these 

countries.  Conversely,  the  strengthening 

of  the  Chinese  yuan  against  the  dollar 

decreased the cost of commodity imports 

into  China.  The  weakening  of  the  dollar 

against  the  currencies  of  commodity-

exporting  countries 

is  expected 

to 

continue  in  2011,  but  at  a  much  more 

medium term. This outlook is the result of 

and  to  reduce  high 

inventory 

levels. 

modest rate. 

serious underinvestment in the feedstock 

However, the rapid recovery in demand in 

industry  over  the  last  five  years  because 

2010,  driven  primarily  by  China,  caught 

36 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mining  costs  generally  increased  in  2010 

In 2010, according to the Metals Economics 

due  to  strong  commodity  demand  from 

Group,  estimated  worldwide  non-ferrous 

emerging  economies  and  some  recovery 

exploration spending improved by 44% to 

from  advanced  economies 

requiring 

USD21,1 billion. This followed on the fall of 

capacity 

restarts 

and 

expansions. 

42% 

in  2009  due  to  the  economic 

Stronger  producer  currencies  and  higher 

recession.  The  increase  coincided  with 

energy  prices  added  to  these  pressures. 

improved  commodity  prices  and  greater 

Generally  lower  grades  and  expensive 

access  to  financing  for  junior  explorers. 

infrastructure 

requirements  also  put 

The 

increase 

in  exploration  spending 

significant  pressure  on  the  cost  of  new 

occurred  over  a  broad  front,  including 

projects. 

major, intermediate and junior companies 

and most countries. However, exploration 

Global  bulk  freight  rates  were  extremely 

expenditure was still 16% below the record 

volatile  in  2010.  The  Baltic  Dry  Index 

level of 2008, indicating that the appetite 

increased by 35% in the first five months 

for  risk  had  not  returned  to 

levels 

of the year, then declined by 60% over the 

experienced  prior 

to 

the  recession. 

next two months. A recovery of 76% in the 

Increasing 

resource 

nationalism 

ensuing two months was followed by a fall 

worldwide  continued  to  add  to  the  risk 

of 43% to the end of December, to a level 

faced 

by 

explorers. 

Exploration 

45%  below  that  at  the  beginning  of  the 
year.  The  major  demand  drivers  of  the 

expenditure is expected to continue rising 
in 2011.

market  were  the  bulk  commodity  import 

needs  of  China  and  India,  which  grew 

strongly  but  were  overshadowed  by  the 

rise  in  capacity  of  the  shipping  fleet. 

Estimates  are  that  the  Cape-size  fleet 

grew by a net 214 ships to 1 172 vessels, or 

22%.  As  another  significant  increase  is 

expected  in  the  shipping  fleet  in  2011, 

freight rates are projected to remain low. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 37

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT

LEN KONAR

reminder of how much more needs to be done to improve mine safety all over the world. In 
South Africa, we exceeded the 20% annual milestone agreed by the mine health and safety 

‘The Chilean mine rescue in October 2010 was an unmitigated triumph but an equally stark 
tripartite alliance stakeholders, reducing the number of fatalities in the industry by 24%.’

MORE IMPORTANTLY, THERE HAS BEEN A 
59% IMPROVEMENT SINCE 2003. RECORDING THIS 
PROGRESS AT INCREASING OPERATIONAL DEPTHS, 
COMBINED WITH A NATIONAL SKILLS SHORTAGE AND 
SLOW INDUSTRY ADVANCES IN FOSTERING A GENERAL 
CULTURE OF SAFETY, IS AN EXCEPTIONAL 
ACHIEVEMENT.

38 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Equally  exceptional  was  the  June  2010 

According  to  the  Chamber  of  Mines,  in 

Russia and Australia. The mining industry 

launch  of  a  strategy  for  sustainable 

2009  total  coal  sales  revenue  exceeded 

has  a  pivotal  role  to  play  in  developing 

growth and meaningful transformation of 

R65  billion,  followed  by  platinum  group 

people and communities, and investing in 

the  South  African  mining  industry.  This 

metals  or  PGMs  at  R58  billion  and  then 

the necessary research and development 

was 

an 

important  milestone 

in 

gold at R49 billion — together accounting 

to  beneficiate  our  minerals  in  support  of 

collaboration  between  government,  the 

for  over  70%  of  South  Africa’s  mineral 

sustainable 

economic 

growth.  The 

mining  industry  and  organised  labour. 

sales in that year.

Critically, 

it 

is  also  a 

fundamental 

acknowledgement by all stakeholders that 

But  South  Africa’s  mining  sector  has 

the  prosperity  of  South  Africa 

is 

shrunk  over  the 

16  years  to  2009, 

inseparably 

linked  to  the  successful 

compared to a global average growth rate 

operational imperatives of its world-class 

of 5%. The reasons for this are manifold, 

and dynamic mining sector.

including  those  beyond  the  industry’s 

control,  such  as  a  volatile  rand/dollar 

The  mining  industry  is  vital  to  South 

exchange  rate  and  the  global  economic 

Africa’s  economy,  accounting  for  around 

recession.  However  other  constraining 

9% of GDP, and 1 million direct and indirect 

factors  are  now  being  addressed,  to  a 

jobs  of  the  9  million  people  formally 

greater  or  lesser  extent.  These  include 

employed. It accounts for more than 50% 

infrastructural  challenges,  bureaucratic 

of the country’s merchandise exports and 

delays, regulatory uncertainty, the balance 

is, by far, South Africa’s biggest earner of 

between  productivity  and  cost,  and  the 

foreign  exchange.  The  mining  industry 

pool of available skills.

accounts  for  about  35%  of  the  value  of 

the  JSE  and  maintains  its  profile  as  a 

We remain concerned at the high levels of 

significant contributor to the development 

unemployment in South Africa compared 

of infrastructure, quite frequently in deep 

to  major  emerging  economies,  as  well  as 

rural  areas  of  South  and  southern  Africa 

the  continued  challenges  of  poverty  and 

where  very  little  other  economic  activity 

inequality. We must be vigilant in ensuring 

takes  place.  In  the  areas  of  secondary 

that 

ongoing 

above-inflation  wage 

beneficiation  and  final  fabrication,  about 

increases  are  matched  by  productivity 

R200  billion  in  value  is  added  to  South 

gains.

Africa’s  minerals  with  the  country  being 

self-sufficient  in  steel  and  cement,  and  a 

In the past year, we succeeded in being the 

major  producer  of  ferroalloys,  chemicals, 

best World Cup hosts. We need to build on 

plastics  and  synthetic 

fuels.  These 

that  momentum  and  spirit  and  —  in  line 

initiatives 

save 

the 

country 

some 

with President Jacob Zuma’s recent state 

R20  billion  in  imports  and  about  90%  of 

of  the  nation  address  —  meet  the 

South Africa’s total electricity generation 

challenges of job creation and functioning 

is derived from power stations fuelled by 

schools  to  produce  new  generations  of 

commitment  of 

the  major  mining 

companies  to  this  path  is  evident  in  a 

range  of  collaborative 

initiatives:  the 

mining industry growth and development 

task team, the revised mining charter, and 

the  tripartite  action  plan  on  health  and 

safety. With ongoing cooperation between 

government, 

labour  and 

the  mining 

industry, we can ensure mining remains a 

force in the South African economy.

Focus on water, energy and 
climate change

Nine of the world’s 10 warmest years have 

occurred since 2000, and 2010 was one of 

the  hottest  globally  since  records  began. 

According to the UN World Meteorological 

Association,  over  the  past  century  the 

global average has climbed from 13,6°C to 

14,4°C. Rising temperatures have obvious 

implications,  particularly  in  water-scarce 

regions such as southern Africa.

Last  year,  I  noted  that  energy  in  its 

broadest context must be dealt with as a 

strategic  imperative  —  we  need  to  take  a 

multi-faceted  approach  to  this  issue.  As 

part  of  this  process,  Exxaro  recommitted 

to  saving  10%  on  energy  efficiency  and 

carbon  emissions  by  2012  —  a  savings 

target  that  would  be  included  in  the 

annual business planning process. We are 

locally mined coal. 

citizens ready to play their rightful role in 

now in the second year of the three-year 

a new and improved South Africa, as well 

pledge,  and  we  will  strive  even  harder  in 

As  chairman  of  one  of  South  Africa’s 

as beyond our borders.

2011 to achieve these targets.

major  coal  producers,  it  gives  me  great 

pleasure  to  disclose  that  by  sales  value, 

South Africa has been rated as the richest 

Equally,  we  acknowledge  the  view  that 

coal  has  become  the  largest  component 

mineral resource holder in the world, well 

human  activity,  especially 

in  burning 

of  our 

country’s  mining 

industry. 

ahead  of  resource-rich  countries  such  as 

fossil fuels, contributes to increasing the 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 39

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT CONTINUED

ACKNOWLEDGING THE POTENTIAL SEVERITY OF 
WATER ISSUES — SUPPLY, QUALITY AND ACCESS — IN 
SOUTH AFRICA, EXXARO LAUNCHED AN INTEGRATED 
WATER AND WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME DURING 
THE YEAR.

concentration 

of 

greenhouse 

gas 

Exxaro also voluntarily participated in the 

While  the  charter  has  achieved  the 

emissions in the atmosphere; this in turn 

first  CDP  water  disclosure  initiative  and 

difficult  balance  needed  between  the 

contributes 

to  global  warming  and 

will continue to do so (page 95).

imperatives  of 

transformation  and 

ultimately  climate  change  that  affects 

encouraging  investment  in  the  South 

social  and  economic  wellbeing  and  the 

Regulatory environment

African 

mining 

industry, 

the 

ecological  balance 

in  different  ways 

Several key developments were finalised 

interpretation of some provisions will be 

across the world. As a responsible mining 

during the review period. These included 

important.  These  include  the  need  for 

group, Exxaro continues to participate in 

agreements  by  the  industry’s  tripartite 

clarity  on  the  continued  recognition  of 

the  Carbon  Disclosure  Project  (CDP) 

stakeholders  (government,  the  mining 

empowerment  transactions  that  have 

and has again improved its performance 

sector and organised labour) on strategic 

established 

independent  and  viable 

significantly.  In  2010,  Exxaro  was  ranked 

imperatives,  particularly  transformation 

historically disadvantaged South African 

fourth out of 74 of the top 100 JSE-listed 

and  growth,  that  will  guide  and  direct 

(HDSA)  mining 

companies. 

The 

companies.

mining  sector  decision-makers  well  into 

requirements 

and  possible  offsets 

the  future.  The  aim  is  to  elevate  the 

relating  to  beneficiation  also  remain 

It  is  now  widely  accepted  that  the  first 

industry  to  higher  levels  of  effective 

unclear,  especially  when  the  restrictive 

effects  of  climate  change  will  be 

performance so that it is able to maintain 

impact  of  potential  electricity  supply 

experienced  in  the  areas  of  water  and 

and  increase  its  contribution  to  national 

constraints  on  possible  beneficiation 

water management.

socio-economic 

development 

and 

activities 

is  taken 

into  account.  The 

The 

overriding 

objectives 

of 

the 

prosperity.

procurement requirements in the charter 

will 

remain 

challenging 

but  we 

programme are to:

Intrinsically  linked  to  realising  this  aim  is 

acknowledge 

the 

importance 

of 

>   Ensure  a  cost-effective 

integrated 

the  revised  mining  charter  which  was 

developing  HDSA 

enterprises;  our 

approach to water management

published  in  September  2010.  Following 

commitment  is  reflected  in  the  solid 

>  Be environmentally responsible

extensive  consultation,  we  believe  the 

progress made in this field (page 129). 

>  Be ecologically sustainable.

Department  of  Mineral  Resources  has 

succeeded 

in  producing  a  reasonably 

The  mining 

industry’s 

regulatory 

Accordingly,  we  commissioned  an  expert 

balanced charter. In the new charter, some 

framework  has  been  critically  examined 

analysis on water reclamation and re-use 

targets are specified in more detail which 

and  work  has  begun  on  a  review  of  the 

across our group. This formed the basis of 

adds  the  important  element  of  certainty, 

Mineral 

and 

Petroleum  Resources 

developing  a  detailed  action  plan  to 

always  a 

top-end  consideration 

in 

Development  Act,  the  MPRDA.  Proposed 

address water and waste management for 

investment decisions. New targets relating 

amendments are expected to be finalised 

Exxaro.  The  plan  addresses  all  key 

to  the  sustainability  of  the  industry  have 

in 2011.

components  —  from  risk  management  to 

been  added  and  the  scorecard  has  been 

stakeholder 

engagement  — 

against 

improved.  We  welcome  the  elevation  of 

measurable progress markers. 

health  and 

safety  performance 

to 

charter level. 

40 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Given  that  infrastructural  inefficiency  is 

companies are measured. We support the 

permeates  throughout  each  company. 

another  area  of  concern  affecting 

transition 

to 

integrated 

reporting 

Exxaro  is  making  good  progress  on  both 

industry growth and competitiveness, the 

espoused  by  King  III  and  the  Global 

aspects.

tripartite 

stakeholders 

decided 

to 

Reporting  Initiative  (GRI),  believing  this 

establish  a 

long-term 

infrastructure 

approach  will  clearly  communicate  how 

planning  mechanism  for  the  sector.  The 

Exxaro  aligns  sustainable  development 

Transformation and skills 
development

primary  purpose  of  this  initiative  is  to 

considerations  with  core  enterprise-wide 

South  Africa 

is  currently  producing 

thoroughly  research  the  infrastructural 

strategy.

needs of the industry and provide inputs 

around 5 600 qualified artisans each year, 

well below the annual target of 12 500 set 

to  all  other  national 

infrastructural 

As  part  of  our  reporting  process  this 

by  the  Department  of  Higher  Education 

processes.  The  ultimate  intention  is  to 

year,  we  used  a  multi-disciplinary 

and  Training.  Exxaro  has,  similar  to 

fast-track 

specific 

infrastructural 

approach  to 

identifying  the  group’s 

previous years, contributed more than its 

interventions so that mining commodities 

material 

issues.  These 

impacts  were 

proportionate share to skills development 

can  more  effectively  and 

in  greater 

tested  with  a  corporate  stakeholder 

in  the  wider  industry  in  an  attempt  to 

quantities be conveyed to global demand 

forum 

comprising 

interested 

and 

address  the  ongoing  shortage  of  skills  in 

destinations. 

affected  parties.  Feedback  from  the 

the  country.  Through  our  talent  pipeline 

forum  was  incorporated  into  divisional 

programme 

for  graduates,  we  are 

Sustainable development 

plans  to  manage  these 

issues  and 

addressing  future  shortages  of  critical 

Embedding  sustainable  practices  as  part 

approved 

by 

Exxaro’s 

executive 

skills as part of our commitment to skills 

of  corporate  strategy  offers  valuable 

committee.  Functional  heads  have 

development  within  a  broader  socio-

environmental and social benefits, as well 

committed  to  managing  these  issues  by 

economic development framework.

as greater business and shareholder value 

either  setting  specific  performance 

in the long term. Exxaro has joined leading 

targets or committing to do so in 2011. 

Corporate governance

companies 

around 

the  world 

in 

Exxaro  and 

its  directors  are 

fully 

entrenching this approach.

We  were  pleased  to  again  be  ranked 

committed to sound corporate governance 

among  the 

15  reports  regarded  as 

and 

to 

the  principles  of 

fairness, 

While  the  business  imperative  to  remain 

excellent  in  the  2010  Ernst  &  Young 

transparency, accountability, responsibility 

profitable  must  be  central  to  all  Exxaro’s 

Excellence 

in  Sustainability  Reporting 

and integrity in dealing with shareholders 

actions,  we  recognise  that  sustainability 

survey.  We  understand  that  reporting  to 

and  all  other  stakeholders.  We  endorse 

and  social  responsibility  issues  have  a 

stakeholders and providing assurance in a 

the  King 

III 

report  on  corporate 

direct influence on our ability to perform 

balanced  way  on  financial  and  non-

governance released on 1 September 2009, 

in future. 

financial  performance 

is  an  evolving 

and  have  begun  to 

implement  these 

discipline.  At  Exxaro,  much  effort  goes 

recommendations.

Sustainable  development,  or  its  end  goal 

into distilling this information each year to 

of  sustainability, 

is  a  cornerstone  of 

present an honest picture of the group to 

Good governance is the foundation of our 

Exxaro’s  business,  strategy  and  culture. 

all  stakeholders.  We  therefore  welcome 

ongoing ethical approach to business. The 

We  aim  to  make  Exxaro  an  undisputed 

local  and  global  initiatives  under  way  to 

board  continued  to  focus  on  promoting 

leader in sustainability. Equally, reporting 

develop 

standards 

for 

integrated 

the  high  standards  of  conduct  we  expect 

on 

and 

providing 

assurance 

to 

reporting.  This  will  make  stakeholder 

of our employees, customers and suppliers 

stakeholders  each  year  on  financial  and 

reporting more meaningful by entrenching 

around  the  world,  recognising  that  our 

non-financial  performance  is  becoming  a 

a  culture  of  sustainability  and  engaging 

leadership  and  actions  speak 

louder 

standard  against  which 

responsible 

board  members  to  ensure  that  this 

than words.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 41

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT CONTINUED

A  comprehensive  governance  report  is 

business  objectives  with 

long-term 

changes to the risk management process 

published  on  pages  140  to  169  of  this 

shareholder  interests.  Exxaro’s  strategic 

were necessary.

report.  The  tone  at  the  top  and  on  the 

objectives focus on delivering sustainable 

board  has  fostered  an  environment  that 

value over time.

reinforces the commitment to high ethical 

Safety, health and environment

Health and safety remain top priorities for 

standards, 

compliance  with 

legal 

The  board  of  directors  and  executive 

the board and group as a whole.

requirements  and  resistance  to  market 

management  measure  Exxaro’s  progress 

pressures for short-term results.

against 

these 

strategic 

objectives. 

We are committed to enforcing compliance 

Progress is then benchmarked using both 

with  the  requirements  of  the  South 

Our vision, our values and our commitment 

financial  and  non-financial  measures  and 

African  Occupational  Health  and  Safety 

to  accountability  will  keep  us  focused  on 

performance is appropriately rewarded.

Act  1993  (Act  85  of  1993).  Management 

our  pursuit  of  excellence,  regardless  of 

remains dedicated to identifying potential 

how challenging the road ahead is.

A  detailed  remuneration  report  appears 

hazards  and  reducing  risks  at  all  our 

on page 160.

operations.

We  believe  in  the  importance  of  our 

culture 

and 

ethics 

in 

business. 

Integrated risk management

Our  efforts  in  addressing  environmental 

Exxaro’s 

long-standing 

traditions  of 

Over the years, we have embedded robust 

issues  are  constantly  developing  and  we 

financial  strength,  long-term  customer 

risk,  capital  management  and  internal 

are 

committed 

to  protecting 

the 

relationships  and  entrepreneurial,  yet 

controls group-wide.

environment.

responsible,  management 

are 

as 

important as ever.

Events  during  the  year  have  powerfully 

Dividend

Directorate

reinforced  the  need  for  boards  to  have  a 

While acknowledging the need for prudent 

clear  understanding  of  the  risks  their 

cash  flow  management  in  an  uncertain 

The  following  changes  took  place  in  our 

businesses  face.  We  believe  the  Exxaro 

global  economic  environment,  Exxaro’s 

directorate during the year. Ms Simangele 

board and its committees have set a high 

solid operational and financial results, and 

Mngomezulu 

resigned, 

effective 

standard and we continue to improve the 

extensive  growth  aspiration,  supported 

21 December 2009, and Ms N Langeni was 

manner  in  which  we  evaluate,  formulate, 

the board’s declaration of a final dividend 

welcomed  as  her  successor  with  effect 

communicate  and  manage  the  broad 

for  the  2010  financial  year  of  300  cents 

from 23 February 2010.

spectrum of risks to which our businesses 

per  share  (2009:  100  cents).  This  brings 

Remuneration

are exposed.

the total dividend for the year to 500 cents 

per  share  (2009:  200  cents),  covered 

At  Exxaro,  we  are  committed  to  the 

Our  existing  risk  practices,  frameworks 

three 

times  by  attributable 

income. 

principle  of 

sensible  market-related 

and  procedures  proved  relatively  robust 

Particularly  pleasing,  some  R27  million 

remuneration,  structured  to  align  our 

during  the  review  period  and  no  major 

accrues  to  Exxaro’s  non-management 

42 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

category  employees 

in  terms  of  an 

success,  operationally  and  in  creating 

industry  more  competitive.  Mining  is  one 

employee 

share 

ownership 

plan 

value for all stakeholders. 

of  the  government’s  top  five  priority 

implemented  subsequent  to  the  creation 

of  the  group  in  2006.  Since  inception  of 

Prospects

growth areas and our industry is expected 

to  be  a  major  contributor 

to 

the 

the share ownership plan, these employees 

Prospects for the mining industry in South 

government’s  new  growth  path  target  of 

have benefited from dividend declarations 

Africa are arguably more robust at present 

creating five million jobs by 2020.

worth R66 million.

than any time since 2007, qualified by the 

need  for  cost  containment  across  the 

Exxaro is ready to play its role in achieving 

Appreciation

sector and fears of a protracted recovery 

this vision, firstly because we are a South 

The past two years have been among the 

from the recession. 

African  company  and,  secondly,  because 

most  challenging  in  mining  history.  The 

in a world with a growing population and 

young  Exxaro  group  has  weathered  this 

However,  and  to  follow  on  from  my 

limited  resources,  there  will  always  be 

with 

commitment 

and 

passion, 

opening remarks, to avoid missing out on 

demand for minerals and commodities.

underscoring  its  depth  of  mining  and 

the next commodities boom, South Africa 

management  talent.  Sipho  Nkosi,  who 

needs 

to 

prioritise 

infrastructural 

Through  the  resources,  expertise  and 

also  completed  his  third  consecutive 

investment,  particularly  rail,  ports  and 

experience  base  of  the  wider  group,  our 

term  as  president  of  the  Chamber  of 

electricity  supply. 

In  tandem,  as  an 

goal  is  to  unlock  value  for  shareholders 

Mines  in  the  review  period,  and  his 

industry,  we  also  need  to  concentrate  on 

associated  with 

our 

portfolio 

of 

executive  team  have  led  by  example  in 

innovation  and  beneficiation 

in  a 

investments.

spearheading Exxaro’s continued growth 

supportive regulatory environment. 

and  development.  Behind  them 

is  a 

formidable 

team  of  almost 

11  000 

These challenges will not be addressed by 

dedicated professionals — we thank every 

government  alone.  Electricity  supply  is 

one of you.

probably  the  single-biggest  constraint  to 

growth  in  the  local  mining  sector.  But 

Thanks  too  to  my  fellow  board  members 

meeting  this  need  will  take  time.  Recent 

for  their  input  and  counsel,  and  ongoing 

developments 

spearheaded 

by 

the 

contribution  to  the  highest  standards  of 

Chamber 

of  Mines 

illustrate 

an 

corporate governance.

unprecedented 

level  of  cooperation 

Dr Len Konar

Chairman

between  mining  companies,  labour  and 

15 March 2011

Exxaro  continues 

to  make  sterling 

government  to  put  the  industry  on  a 

progress  since  its  formation  four  years 

sustainable  growth  path  —  one  that 

ago  and  we  are  confident  that  the 

incorporates 

transformation 

and 

groundwork  has  been  laid  for  continued 

addresses  the  salient  issues  to  make  the 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 43

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER’S REVIEW

SIPHO NKOSI

operational performances, notable progress in the safety field, technological breakthroughs, 
and pleasing progress in realising our growth opportunities, particularly the Grootegeluk 

‘Exxaro’s fourth year as a listed empowered group was characterised by several excellent 
mine expansion for Eskom’s Medupi power station (known as GMEP).’

THE GROUP’S SOLID PERFORMANCE FOR 2010 IS 
REFLECTED IN CONSOLIDATED REVENUE RISING 14% TO 
R17,2 BILLION AND NET OPERATING PROFIT BY 52% TO 
R2,6 BILLION ON GENERALLY HIGHER SALES VOLUMES 
AND COMMODITY PRICES, AND DESPITE THE IMPACT OF 
A STRONGER RAND AND AUSTRALIAN DOLLAR TO THE 
US DOLLAR.

44 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Strategic intent
Exxaro’s  strategic 

intent 

major  expansion  project  at  its  Kwinana 

environment: how to improve the return 

is  to  be  a 

pigment  plant, 

increasing  production 

on  capital  employed  to  support  the 

diversified  mining  company  with  the 

following commodity-specific aspirations:

capacity  by  40 000tpa 

to  around 

group’s growth plans; how to align and 

150 000tpa. This will meet growing global 

optimise  operational  structures  and 

>   Coal

demand  for  its  core  product,  titanium 

processes in business units; and how to 

  —  Develop mega mines such as GMEP

dioxide pigment. 

  —   Increase  export  volumes  as  well  as 

entrench  a  culture  of  continuous 

improvement in the group.

volumes to the metals market

Further  growth  initiatives  aligned  with 

  —   Develop  downstream  value-adding 

Exxaro’s  strategic  intent  appear  in  the 

The key elements of the proposed services 

products  such  as  char  and  market 

growth report from page 60.

approach  are  largely  internal  and  have 

coke

  —   Pursue  viable  hard  coking  coal 

projects

>   Mineral sands

Compliance
At  the  time  of  writing,  mining  rights 

These 

include  a  clearer  distinction 

between  the  role  of  the  corporate  office 

conversions  had  been  granted  for  all  but 

(managing the group from a strategy, risk 

been  well  communicated  to  employees. 

  —   Maintain  position  among 

leading 

two  of  Exxaro’s  operations.  All  Exxaro’s 

and  governance  perspective  by  setting 

global  suppliers  of  titanium  dioxide 

and  zircon,  and  increase  share  of 

global chlorine pigment market

>   Iron ore

new operations (or extensions to existing 

direction, 

implementing  policies  and 

operations)  have  mining  rights  and 

safeguarding the group) and the services 

approved  environmental  management 

unit 

(providing  efficient  services 

to 

and social and labour plans, except Belfast. 

internal clients, with no corporate control 

  —   Increase Exxaro’s footprint by adding 

Final  revisions  for  this  operation  were 

functions).  The  services  function  will 

a direct, managed operational asset

submitted 

to 

the  department 

for 

measure  performance,  set  continuous 

>    Energy

consideration.

  —   Pursue 

viable 

clean-energy 

improvement targets, define clear service 

catalogues and manage Exxaro’s services 

alternatives  as  part  of  a  drive  to 

The  compliance  status  of  Exxaro’s 

offering.

achieve energy security.

operations is disclosed in the governance 

Progress against strategic 
intent
>   Excellent  progress  has  been  made  on 

our R9,5 billion GMEP to supply Eskom’s 

Medupi power station with 14,6Mtpa of 

coal for 40 years. First coal is due to be 

supplied  in  early  2012.  The  project 

was  at  41%  overall  completion  by 

section on page 146 and 147.

Most 

importantly 

for 

external 

stakeholders,  the  proposals  address  the 

Optimising our business
To  realise  our  strategy,  we  initiated  an 

relatively  high  cost  of  Exxaro’s  services, 

which  are  at  the  upper  end  of  industry 

intense  business-improvement  process  in 

benchmarks.  The  proposed  solution  will 

2009.  Known  as  Siyaya,  two  specialised 

move Exxaro to the lower end of that scale 

teams were mandated to explore how best 

by  2015  by  entrenching  a  culture  of 

to  help  the  group  become  operationally 

continuous  and  disciplined  improvement 

excellent  —  a  high-performing,  low-cost 

to  enhance 

the  group’s 

long-term 

31  January  2011,  and  remains  on 

and sustainable business.

competitive  advantage  and  optimise 

schedule and within budget.

productivity. 

>    On 23 February 2011, the Exxaro board 

In  October  2010,  a  proposed  solution  for 

approved the development of Fairbreeze 

subject  to  normal  regulatory  and 

the way forward was approved in principle, 

The Siyaya services and core teams have 

subject to the consultation process, by the 

identified  ways  to  potentially  save  over 

environmental  approvals.  Fairbreeze 

Exxaro board. 

R700  million  in  costs,  while  releasing 

will  replace  Hillendale  mine  which  is 

>   The  services  element  of  Siyaya  was 

around R900 million in untapped revenue 

nearing the end of its life of mine. 

tasked  with 

redesigning  Exxaro’s 

potential.

>   The  four  retorts  at  the  char  plant 

services environment to better support 

reached nameplate capacity in the last 

the 

group’s 

operations, 

growth 

These  proposals,  if  implemented,  could 

quarter of 2010.

aspirations  and  to  achieve  operational 

result  in  a  significant  restructure  of  the 

excellence.

group.  About  1  300  employees  could  be 

In  October  our  Western  Australia-based 

joint  venture,  Tiwest,  commissioned  a 

>   The Siyaya core project focused on key 

affected,  either 

through  minor  or 

challenges 

in  Exxaro’s  operational 

substantial  changes  to  their 

jobs,  a 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 45

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER’S REVIEW CONTINUED

GROUP SAFETY PERFORMANCE FOR THE YEAR SHOWED 
EXCELLENT PROGRESS AT SEVERAL OPERATIONS, WITH 
FATALITIES DECREASING FROM FOUR TO TWO AND A 
RECORD 24% IMPROVEMENT IN THE LOST-TIME INJURY 
FREQUENCY RATE TO 0,25. 

reduction  in  the  number  of  positions  or 

As  an  industry,  we  improved  our  safety 

In  the  foreword  to  the  2010  Carbon 

location  changes.  Exxaro  has  already 

record by 24% in 2010, making it the best 

Disclosure  Project,  CEO  Paul  Dickinson 

announced 

that 

a  maximum 

of 

safety  year 

in  South  Africa’s  mining 

made an interesting observation:

300  employees  might  be  retrenched. 

history. In no small measure, this reflects 

These are exciting times for business, with 

However,  the  group  will  do  everything 

possible to limit the impact on employees 

and  all  options  will  be 

investigated, 

including.

>   Offering voluntary severance packages 

at Exxaro’s discretion

>   Limiting  external  and  temporary  staff 

appointments

>   Strictly managing filling of vacancies

>   Critically considering the use of external 

contractors

>   Offering  early  retirement  at  Exxaro’s 

discretion

>   Limiting excessive overtime

>   Redeploying or reskilling employees.

Exxaro 

has 

started 

a 

formal 

consultation  process  with  trade  unions, 

in 

accordance  with 

the 

Labour 

Relations  Act.  The  process  applies  only 

to 

the 

following  employers:  Exxaro 

Resources,  Exxaro  Coal,  Exxaro  Coal 

Mpumalanga,  Exxaro  Reductants,  Exxaro 

TSA Sands, Exxaro Sands and Ferroalloys. 

Therefore  Zincor,  Rosh  Pinah  Zinc 

Corporation, Glen Douglas and Ferroland 

are excluded from the process.

Safety
While  the  lost-time  injury  frequency  rate 

the  cooperation  of  the  Department  of 

significant changes coming to the way we 

Mineral  Resources,  the 

leadership  of 

produce and consume energy. New power 

organised labour and fellow mineworkers. 

from  low-  or  zero-emission  sources  is  an 

It is also testimony to the myriad initiatives 

urgent  priority  for  climate  change  policy 

under  way  at  each  of  the  Chamber  of 

that  simultaneously  helps  deliver  energy 

Mines’ member companies.

security. New technologies such as smart 

grids,  electric  vehicles,  alternative  fuel 

Among  proposed  changes  to  the  Mine 

sources, 

advanced 

telepresence 

Health  and  Safety  Act  is  a  clause  that 

videoconferencing,  are  showing  a  clear 

stipulates  prison  sentences  for  chief 

case  for  business  growth  with  reduced 

executives  found  guilty  of  contravening 

emissions. The opportunities for business 

safety  regulations.  We  welcome  this 

are enormous — it is through the intelligent 

enforcement  in  the  interests  of  a  safer, 

investment  of  capital 

into  the  right 

growing industry. The established mining 

solutions, 

identified  by  the  business 

industry  has  already  demonstrated  its 

community,  that  we  will  achieve  the  low-

deep  commitment  to  safety,  recording  a 

carbon future we need.

24% decrease in mining fatalities in 2010. 

In addition, 40 000 safety representatives 

The  CDP  report  also  presented  some 

will be trained across the industry in the 

thought-provoking  context  for  climate 

next  four  years  as  part  of  several 

change:

initiatives  to  curb  fatalities  and  reach 

August 2010 (the month in which this CDP 

international  performance 

standards 

analysis  was  undertaken)  was 

an 

by 2013.

interesting  month 

in 

the 

global 

greenhouse: 

it  saw  fire,  drought  and 

Energy
The  broader  energy  issues  —  securing 

record-breaking  temperatures  in  Russia, 

floods in Pakistan, a “once-in-a-1 000-year 

supply, reducing cost, reducing the impact 

storm”  in  Tennessee,  mudslides  in  China, 

of 

climate 

change 

and 

limiting 

and  a  260km2 

ice-sheet  break  off  a 

environmental  impact  —  continue  to  be 

Greenland  glacier.  Not  only  was  there  an 

was  weaker  than  our 

internal  target 

elevated  as  a  strategic  priority  for  many 

obvious and profound human cost to these 

of  0,21,  the  steady 

improvement 

is 

businesses, 

including 

Exxaro. 

The 

events, there were also visible impacts on 

encouraging given that it reflects the all-

chairman  has  commented  on  water, 

the  global  market:  wheat  prices  hit  a 

important behavioural change.

energy and climate change in more detail.

22-month  high;  stock  and  bond  trading 

46 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

was  at  one  stage  curbed  in  Russia  by  as 

Chaired  by  Dr  Len  Konar,  our  board  of 

Base  metal  prices  are  widely  expected 

much  as  60%  after  wildfires  east  of 

directors  plays  an 

invaluable  and 

to  be  lower  in  the  first  half  of  2011. 

Moscow;  and  unseasonal  wet  weather 

constructive role in our development and 

Production and sales volumes should be 

delayed  the  offloading  of  sugar  from  a 

governance,  for  which  we  are  most 

in line with those achieved in 2010 with 

record 122 ships at Brazil’s ports, causing 

grateful. 

the logistical chain to Zincor remaining 

one  market  analyst  to  suggest  that 

a challenge.

weather-related  issues  will  result  in  “this 

The  loyal  support  of  our  customers  and 

year’s  worst-performing  commodity  to 

suppliers  around  the  world  remains  a 

The  group’s  consolidated  results  for  2011 

rise more than gold.

mainstay of our group while we value the 

will continue to be affected by the trading 

co-operation  from  regulatory  authorities 

levels of the local currency and Australian 

Exxaro aims to be a carbon-neutral group 

which is playing an integral and important 

dollar against the US dollar.

—  offsetting  its  carbon  emissions  in  a 

role in our aspirations.

number  of  ways  from  planting  trees  to 

cleaner production and energy efficiency. 

At  the  same  time,  we  believe  the  active 

Prospects
Given  the  prevailing  uncertainty  of  the 

participation of business across all sectors 

strength  and  pace  of  an  economic 

is  essential  in  developing  national  policy 

recovery in 2011, Exxaro will continue with 

that  finds 

the  appropriate  balance 

prudent capital prioritisation and working 

between  environmental  effectiveness, 

capital  management  while  pursuing 

Sipho Nkosi

economic  efficiency  and  social  equity.  To 

business improvement initiatives.

Chief executive officer

meet the government’s commitment to a 

+30% reduction in emissions by 2020 will 

Coal 

export 

volumes, 

at 

higher 

15 March 2011

require  accelerated  focus  on  energy 

international  prices,  are  expected  to 

efficiency across all sectors, a significantly 

remain in line with the tonnage achieved 

expanded  low-carbon  electricity  supply 

in 2010 despite the build up by Transnet 

programme,  introducing  carbon-capture 

Freight  Rail  to  increase  its  total  export 

and  storage 

technologies,  achieving 

rail rate to Richards Bay Coal Terminal to 

ambitious  targets  for  vehicle  efficiency, 

70Mtpa.  Prices  to  the  domestic  market 

electric  vehicles  and  passenger  modal 

for similar volumes should reflect normal 

shifts, 

and 

promoting 

enhanced 

inflation 

increases,  however  supply 

agricultural practices.

agreements  with  pricing  mechanisms 

Appreciation
History has proven that challenging times 

linked  to  hard  coking  coal  prices  should 

reflect a considerable increase.

bring out the best and the worst in people. 

The  positive  price  trends  for  mineral 

Throughout the review period, I have been 

sands  products  recorded  in  the  second 

inspired  and  humbled  by  the  dedication 

half  of  2010  are  expected  to  continue 

and passion evident at every level of our 

while  demand  should  remain  strong  in 

group. Exxaro is indeed fortunate to have 

the medium to long term until supply and 

people of this calibre.

demand imbalances are corrected.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 47

FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL REVIEW

WIM DE KLERK

recession as gains from generally greater demand at higher selling prices for Exxaro’s 
commodities, coupled with disciplined cost management, more than offset the negative 

‘Calendar 2010 saw Exxaro benefit from a faster-than-expected recovery from the global 
impact of a stronger local and Australian currency to the US dollar.’

THE GROUP’S BALANCE SHEET AND KEY FINANCIAL 
METRICS REMAIN HEALTHY AND PROVIDE A SOLID 
PLATFORM TO SUPPORT ITS GROWTH ASPIRATIONS. 
EXXARO REPORTED RECORD EARNINGS SINCE ITS 
CREATION IN NOVEMBER 2006, IN TURN RESULTING IN 
A RECORD DIVIDEND DECLARATION TO SHAREHOLDERS.

48 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

12 months ended 
31 December

2010

20091

10 515

2 952

7 563

4 640

1 288

1 551 

1 801

1 787

674

1 598

(485)

213

9 731

2 681

7 050

3 508

705

1 469

1 334

1 582

566

1 413

(397)

188

17 155

15 009

2 690

186

2 504

179

(66)

138

107

(113)

143

(171)

(85)

(120)

1 905

75

1 830

(124)

(12)

(2)

(110)

(8)

105

(47)

(66)

(34)

2 636

1 739

OVERVIEW
>   Revenue increased 14% to R17,2 billion

>   Comparable  net  operating  profit  up 

52% to R2,6 billion

>   Headline earnings per share up 105% to 

1 495 cents per share

>   Net cash inflow of R1,4 billion

>   Net debt to equity of 13%

>   Healthy financial metrics

COMPARABLE SEGMENTAL RESULTS

R million

REVENUE 

Coal

Tied operations

Commercial operations

>   Total  dividend  of  500  cents  per  share 

Mineral sands

covered  three  times  by  attributable 

KZN Sands

earnings

INTRODUCTION
The  group’s  audited  financial  results  and 

actual  physical 

information 

for 

the 

Australia Sands

Namakwa Sands

Base metals

Rosh Pinah

12-month  periods  ended  31  December 

Zincor

2010 and 2009 are not comparable due to 

the  R1  435  million  impairment  of  the 

carrying value of the assets of KZN Sands, 
accounted for on 31 December 2009, and 

the  inclusion  of  the  50%  proportionally 

Inter-segmental

Other

Total external revenue
NET OPERATING PROFIT

consolidated 

interest 

in  Mafube  Coal 

Coal

Mining 

(Pty)  Limited 

(Mafube) 

for 

Tied operations

Commercial operations

Mineral sands

KZN Sands 

Australia Sands

Namakwa Sands

Base metals

Rosh Pinah

Zincor

Other

Other

Total

12  months  compared  to  seven  months  in 

2009.  To  be  meaningful,  comparable 

supplementary  financial 

results  are 

disclosed  in  this  review  by  excluding  the 

2009 impairment of the carrying value of 

the assets of KZN Sands.

After  fulfilling  all  suspensive  conditions, 

Glen  Douglas  dolomite  mine  was  sold  to 
Afrimat  Limited  effective  1  January  2011. 
The operating results of Glen Douglas are 

therefore  still  included  for  12  months 

in 2010.

An  average  exchange  rate  of  R7,72  (spot 

average R7,30) to the US dollar (USD) was 

realised  compared  to  R8,39  for  the 

corresponding 

period. 

In 

addition, 

unrealised foreign currency losses on the 

revaluation 

of 

monetary 

items 

denominated  in  foreign  currency  were 

recorded based on the relative strength of 

the 

local  currency  to  the  USD  at 

31  December  2010.  The  relative  strength 

of  the  Australian  dollar  (AUD),  most 

notably in the second half of 2010 when it 

traded  around  parity  against  the  USD, 

continued  to  impact  negatively  on  the 

financial  results  of  the  mineral  sands 

operations in Australia. An average rate of 

1 Unaudited due to restatement of net operating profit of KZN Sands in 2009.

USD0,87 cents (spot average of USD0,92 

export  sales  volumes  at  higher  export 

cents) to the AUD was realised compared 

prices.

with USD0,76 cents in 2009.

Revenue
Group consolidated revenue increased by 

Mineral sands
Revenue 

increased  by  32%  to  over 

R4,6 billion with increased sales volumes 

14% to R17,2 billion due to generally higher 

realising at higher prices. 

sales  volumes  and  commodity  prices 

despite the impact of a stronger local and 

Australian currency. 

Base metals
Revenue  increased  by  13%  mainly  as  a 

result  of  the  higher  zinc  price  at  an 

Coal
Revenue  was  up  8%  due  to  higher 

average zinc price for 2010 of USD2 161 per 

tonne; 30% higher than in 2009 when an 

domestic  sales  volumes  at  lower  realised 

average price of USD1 665 per tonne was 

prices being only partially offset by lower 

realised. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 49

 
FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL REVIEW CONTINUED

Net operating profit
Group  consolidated  comparable  net 

operating profit was R897 million or 52% 

higher  at  R2,6  billion  at  an  operating 

margin  of  15%  compared  with  12%  in 

2009.

Coal
The coal business reported a 41% increase 

in net operating profit to R2 690 million at 

an  operating  margin  of  26%  with  higher 

export selling prices, higher sales volumes 

to  ArcelorMittal  South  Africa  Limited 

(AMSA)  and  Eskom,  offset  by  lower  sales 

prices domestically, lower export volumes 

and  a  stronger  average  realised  local 

currency.

Net operating income for the year for the 

Higher  revenue  assisted  in  achieving  a 

tied mines increased 148% mainly due to 

consolidated 

net 

operating 

profit, 

the non-recurring impact of Matla’s scope 

increasing from a comparable loss in 2009 

change in life of mine in the previous year 

of R124 million to a profit of R179 million. 

together  with 

the 

inflation-related 

Unlike  2009,  where  all  three  businesses 

increase 

in  2010 

in  terms  of  supply 

reported  net  operating  losses,  only  KZN 

agreements with Eskom and AMSA.

Sands reported a loss in 2010.

Mineral sands
The  mineral  sands  business  reported  a 

Base metals 
Despite  higher  revenue,  a  net  operating 

consolidated  net  operating  profit  as 

loss  of  R113  million  was  reported  due  to 

higher  sales  volumes  at  higher  prices, 

production  challenges  at  Zincor  refinery. 

supported 

by 

disciplined 

cost 

This  was  exacerbated  by  the  higher  cost 

management,  were 

instrumental 

in 

associated with external zinc concentrate 

offsetting  the  significant  impact  of  the 

purchased, higher selling and distribution, 

relative strength of both the local currency 

electricity, labour, rehabilitation as well as 

and AUD to the USD.

maintenance expenses. 

The following graph reconciles comparable net operating profit for 2009 to that reported for 2010:

Comparable net operating profit: FY09* vs FY10

n
o
i
l
l
i

m
R

3 000

2 500

2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0

-500

-1 000

Coal

Mineral Sands

Base Metals

Other

Total

FY09

1 905

(124)

(8)

(34)

Price

Volume

Exchange

Inflation

564

504

141

12

764

674

7

8

(178)

(486)

102

18

(544)

(329)

(198)

(108)

(27)

(662)

Cost

(36)

(191)

(247)

(97)

(571)

FY10

2 690

179

(113)

(120)

2 636

1 739

1 221

1 453

*Excludes impairment of R1 435 million at KZN Sands in FY09

50 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
OPERATIONS

UNAUDITED PHYSICAL INFORMATION (000 TONNES)

12 months ended  
31 December

6 months ended
30 June

2010

2009

2010

2009

Coal

Production

– Power station coal

Tied operations1

Commercial operations

– Coking coal

Tied operations1

Commercial operations

– Other coal

– Char

Coal buy-ins

Total

Sales

– Eskom coal

Tied operations1

Commercial operations

– Other domestic coal

Tied operations1

Commercial operations

– Coal export

– Char

Total

Mineral sands2

Production 

– Ilmenite

– Zircon

– Rutile

– Synthetic rutile

– Pig iron (LMPI)

– Scrap iron

– Slag tapped

– Chloride slag

– Sulphate slag

– Leucoxene

– Pigment

Total

36 767

16 461

20 306

2 419

285

2 134

7 502

114

36 562

16 486

20 076

2 020

268

1 752

6 638

38

759

18 269

8 365

9 904

1 187

124

1 063

3 518

49

46 802

46 017

23 023

36 428

16 438

19 990

5 044

260

4 784

4 106

122

36 299

16 473

19 826

4 587

259

4 328

4 715

31

18 379

8 356

10 023

2 447

117

2 330

1 842

52

18 583

8 704

9 879

922

129

793

3 061

430

22 996

18 494

8 700

9 794

1 920

130

1 790

2 389

45 700

45 632

22 720

22 803

718

196

63

90

153

12

262

232

52

13

57

819

185

62

109

181

15

331

201

44

14

53

367

424

94

28

51

81

8

141

84

16

7

25

97

33

54

95

7

171

104

19

7

25

1 848

2 014

902

1 036

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 51

 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL REVIEW CONTINUED

UNAUDITED PHYSICAL INFORMATION (000 TONNES)

12 months ended  
31 December

6 months ended
30 June

2010

2009

2010

2009

Sales

– Zircon

– Rutile

– Synthetic rutile

– Pig iron (LMPI)

– Scrap iron

– Chloride slag

– Sulphate slag

– Leucoxene

– Pigment

Total

Base metals

Production

– Zinc concentrate

Rosh Pinah

Black Mountain

– Zinc metal

Zincor

Chifeng3

– Lead concentrate

Rosh Pinah

Black Mountain

Sales

– Zinc metal sales

– Domestic

– Export

Lead concentrate sales

– Export

243

79

30

194

3

264

39

16

55

923

120

101

19

120

90

30

37

19

18

119

90

29

20

146

51

50

138

6

144

44

15

54

648

108

94

14

116

87

29

38

20

18

122

93

29

19

124

35

23

107

1

98

7

7

24

426

60

52

8

54

43

11

17

9

8

59

46

13

7

47

19

24

64

4

67

14

1

23

263

53

47

6

54

44

10

20

12

8

58

44

14

6

1 Tied operations refer to mines that supply their entire production to either Eskom or ArcelorMittal SA Limited in terms of contractual agreements.
2 Includes Exxaro Sands Australia’s interest in the Tiwest joint venture.
3 Exxaro’s effective interest in the Chifeng refinery is disclosed.

Coal
Production
Volumes were marginally higher than the 

previous  year.  Power 

station 

coal 

production  at  the  Eskom  tied  mines  was 

25kt lower due to adverse geological and 

technical issues at Arnot mine which were 

Production  at  the  commercial  operations 

only partially offset by higher production 

was  marginally  higher  than  in  2009  as 

at  Matla  mine.  Production  in  2009  at 

higher production at Leeuwpan mine after 

Matla  mine  was  affected  by  a  water 

commissioning the crushing and screening 

ingress 

incident  for  which  successful 

plant in 2010, coupled with the inclusion of 

mitigation was implemented in 2010. 

production from Mafube for 12 months as 

52 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
opposed to seven months in 2009, offset 

free-on-rail  basis  or  though  the  lease  of 

line  with  the  decrease  in  smelter  slag 

lower production at Grootegeluk mine and 

export entitlement.

output.

North Block Complex due to full stockpiles 

at Eskom.

Sales  of  reductants  from  the  char  plant 

Furnace 2 at Namakwa Sands will be down 

improved  threefold  as  2010  was  the  first 

for 103 days for a planned reline starting 

Coking  coal  production 

increased  at 

full production and sales year. Quality and 

in February 2011.

Grootegeluk  and  Tshikondeni  mines  as  a 

demand for the product has exceeded our 

result  of  increased  demand  mainly  from 

expectations.

ArcelorMittal SA Limited (AMSA).

The  inclusion  of  production  from  the 

Mafube  joint  venture  for  the  full  year  in 

Mineral sands
Production
At  KZN  Sands,  there  was  a  burn-through 

2010 compared to seven months in 2009 

at  Furnace  2  on  26  October  2010. 

At  Australia  Sands,  synthetic  rutile 

production was lower due to the planned 

38-day  shut 

late 

in 

the  year  and 

maintenance-related  challenges 
in  the 
first quarter of 2010. The synthetic rutile 
plant has a major shut every three years; 

as  well  as  higher  production  at 

Fortunately there were no injuries but the 

the previous shut was in 2007.

Grootegeluk,  Leeuwpan,  North  Block 

incident  resulted  in  both  furnaces  being 

Complex  and  New  Clydesdale  operations 

out of commission simultaneously for two 

The  Kwinana  pigment  plant  expansion  in 

due  to  higher  demand  and  improved 

months 

in  the 

last  quarter  of  2010. 

Australia  was  successfully  commissioned 

dispatches,  offset  by  marginally  lower 

Furnace  1  was  shut  on  1  July  2010  for  a 

in late June 2010 and achieved nameplate 

production  at  Inyanda,  led  to  a  13% 

planned  reline  and  pre-heating  has  now 

production capacity of 40ktpa in October. 

increase in steam coal production.

been  completed,  with  first  production  at 
the end of January 2011.

Significant  supply  interruptions  from  a 
key  raw  material  supplier  and  an  11-day 

The  char  plant  production  was  200% 

shut in May to complete all the tie-ins for 

higher than the previous year as the plant 

Total run-of-mine tonnage was more than 

the  expansion 

led  to 

lower  pigment 

only  started  production  in  the  middle 

a  million  tonnes  lower  in  2010  as  the 

production. 

of 2009. 

Sales
Power  station  and  coking  coal  sales  to 

Hillendale  mine  in  KwaZulu-Natal  nears 
the end of its life of mine. As a consequence 
of  this  and  lower  grades,  heavy  mineral 

Sales 
Volumes 

at 

all 

three 

businesses 

concentrate  was  73kt 

lower 

in  2010 

generally 

increased  on  the  back  of 

Eskom  and  AMSA  respectively  were 

at 414kt.

marginally higher than the previous year. 

stronger  markets,  further  supported  by 

higher  selling  prices.  High  stockpiles  at 

Other  domestic  sales  were  however  10% 

Zircon and rutile production was 11kt and 

the end of 2009 were reduced significantly, 

higher  than  in  2009  based  on  higher 

1kt higher than the prior year respectively 

improving cash flow. 

demand  from  AMSA  which  was  met  by 

as  higher  zircon  production  at  Australia 

redirecting  sales  destined  for  the  export 

Sands  due  to  improved  overall  utilisation 

market from Grootegeluk; this in turn was 

of the dredge mine, coupled with improved 

only possible because of lower availability 

recoveries  at  Namakwa  Sands  despite 

Base metals
Production
Zinc  concentrate  production  at  a  higher 

of trains and leased-in export entitlement.

lower  zircon  head  grades,  more  than 

grade at Rosh Pinah mine was 7kt higher 

offset  lower  production  at  KZN  Sands 

than 

in  2009  with 

lead  concentrate 

Exxaro Coal’s strategy to increase export 

resulting  from  the 

lower  concentrate 

production 1kt lower. 

volumes  was  hampered  by 

lower 

grade.

availability of trains, the Transnet Freight 

Production  of  zinc  metal  at  the  Zincor 

Rail  strike  as  well  as 

less  export 

Higher  slag  and  pig  iron  production  at 

refinery of 90kt was more than 3kt higher 

entitlement available for leasing. Exxaro’s 

Namakwa  Sands  resulting 

from 

the 

Richards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT) export 

benefits  of  increasing  side  feed  into  the 

entitlement increased from 1,8Mt to 6,3Mt 

furnaces was not sufficient to offset lower 

than in 2009 and can be attributed to less 
downtime  on  the  acid  plant.  The  2009 
production was also adversely affected by 

per annum with the commissioning of the 

furnace production at KZN Sands caused 

the accident in September 2009. 

Phase  V  expansion  but  Transnet  Freight 

by extended furnace downtime. Total slag 

Rail’s  constraints  limited  Exxaro’s  export 

tapped was 69kt lower at 262kt while low 

capacity for 2010 at 3Mt per annum. The 

manganese pig iron (LMPI) was 28kt lower 

Sales
Zinc  metal  sales  were  2%  lower  due  to 

remainder of exports were either sold on a 

at 153kt. Ilmenite production was lower in 

lower local demand.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 53

 
FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL REVIEW CONTINUED

COMPARABLE EARNINGS

R million

Net operating profit excluding 2009 impairment

Income from investments

Net financing cost

Equity-accounted income – net of tax

Taxation2

Minority interest

Attributable earnings excluding impairment

Adjustments net of taxation impact

Headline earnings

Weighted average number of shares (millions)

Attributable earnings (cents per share)

Headline earnings per share (cents per share)

12 months ended 
31 December

2010

2 636

2

(455)

3 717

(665)

(27)

5 208

(22)

5 186

347

1 501

1 495

20091

1 739

2

(415)

1 898

(371)

2 853

56

2 909

345

827

843

1 Not audited due to the comparability adjustment of 2009 figures.
2 A normalised rate of 28% was used in 2009 for comparative purposes.

Comparable attributable earnings, including Exxaro’s equity-accounted investment in associates, were R5 208 million or 1 501 cents per 
share, up 81% from 2009. 

Headline earnings were R5 186 million or 1 495 cents per share. This is a 105% increase on the disclosed 2009 earnings of R2 514 million 

at 729 cents per share, but 77% higher on comparable 2009 HEPS of 843 cents.

Net financing costs
An analysis of the composition of the disclosed comparable net financing cost is shown below:

R million

Interest expense and loan cost

Finance lease

Interest income

Interest adjustment on non-current provisions

Total

12 months ended 
31 December

2010

321

70

(135)

256

199

455

2009

460

66

(145)

381

34

415

The higher interest expense is due to the higher interest adjustment on non-current provisions, namely the unwinding of the discount 

rate in respect of Exxaro’s environmental rehabilitation provisions accounted for at net present value, offset somewhat by a lower net 

interest expense due to lower net debt levels. 

54 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Income from equity accounted investments — net of tax

Sishen iron ore company (Pty) Limited (SIOC) — 20%

Chifeng — 22% effective interest

Black Mountain — 26%

Total

12 months ended 
31 December

2010

3 623

8

86

3 717

2009

1 762

13

123

1 898

The  results  of  SIOC  are  fully  reported  by 

Kumba  Iron  Ore  Limited  in  its  financial 

results to 31 December 2010. 

Production  at  the  Chifeng  zinc  refinery 

was marginally higher than in 2009.

Exxaro’s  26%  share  in  Black  Mountain, 

acquired  in  the  last  quarter  of  2008, 
contributed R86 million to equity income; 

DIVIDENDS
Exxaro intends to progress to distributing 

50%  of 

attributable 

earnings 

to 

shareholders  by  means  of  interim  and 

final  dividend  declarations.  Dividend 

declarations  in  the  medium  term  may, 

however,  be  lower  to  adequately  provide 

for funding of the current growth pipeline 

of  projects,  comply  with  contractually 
loan  covenants,  and  maintain 
agreed 

lower  than  the  2009  contribution  of 

healthy key financial metrics.

R123 million.

Based on the record earnings and healthy 

cash  flow  position,  the  Exxaro  board 

declared a total dividend of 500 cents per 

share  for  the  2010  financial  year;  a 

dividend 

covered 

three 

times  by 

attributable  earnings.  The  dividend 

declarations  took  cognisance  of  Exxaro’s 
significant short- to medium-term capital 
expenditure requirements. 

Taxation
Excluding  post-tax  equity  accounted 

income, the effective tax rate was 30%, 

marginally  higher  than  the  statutory 

rate  of  28%  due  to  the  net  effect  of 

non-permanent differences. 

A reconciliation of the tax rate reflects 
the following:

>   Effective tax rate as a 
percentage of profit 
before tax

>  Tax effect of:

  –  Share of associates 
and joint ventures

  – Prior-year tax

  – Special tax allowances

  – Exempt income

  – Other

>  Corporate tax rate

Percentage
(%)

11,3

17,6

(1,9)

1,3

0,7

(1,0)

28,0

Since the creation of Exxaro in November 2006, the following dividends have been declared:

Period ended

30 June 2007

31 December 2007

30 June 2008

31 December 2008

30 June 2009

31 December 2009

30 June 2010

31 December 2010

Dividend

(cps) R million

R million
including
STC1

Date
declared

Date paid/
payable

15 August 2007

10 September 2007

20 February 2008

17 March 2008

13 August 2008

22 September 2008

23 February 2009

30 March 2009

19 August 2009

28 September 2009

24 February 2010

19 April 2010

11 August 2010

4 October 2010

211

353

620

710

356

357

715

211

353

620

710

356

357

715

1 074

1 074

23 February 2011

11 April 2011

60

100

175

200

100

100

200

300

1 No STC is payable due to the utilisation of STC credits arising from the dividend receipts from SIOC.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 55

FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL REVIEW CONTINUED

Total dividends declared for the 2010 financial year of R1 789 million are paid or payable to shareholders as follows:

R million

Gross dividend declared

BEE Holdco

Public 

Anglo American

Exxaro employee empowerment scheme (Mpower)1

1 50% of this dividend accrues to employee beneficiaries in the non-management category.

Total

1 789

933

629

174

53

Final 

1 074

560

378

104

32

Final 
interim

715

373

251

70

21

CASH FLOW

R million

Net cash retained from operations

Net financing cost, taxation and dividends

Cash used in investing activities

–  New capacity

–  Sustaining and environmental capital

Acquisition of investments and operations

Dividends received

Proceeds on sale of non-core assets and investments

Other

Cash inflow/(outflow)

Share issue

Other movements in net debt

Decrease/(increase) in net debt

12 months ended 
31 December

2010

4 106 

(1 742)

(1 522)

(1 155)

(149)

1 817

60

(29)

2009

2 117

(2 323)

(990)

(992)

(1 090)

1 754

11

(107)

1 386

(1 620)

29

96

43

227

1 511

(1 350)

56 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

DEBT STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL COVENANTS
The group’s debt structure at 31 December 2010 is:

R million 

Long term

– Corporate

– GMEP

– Australia Sands

Cash and cash equivalents

Net debt 

Short-term facilities

Drawn

4 360

3 576

784

(2 140)

2 220

Available

4 930

355

4 500

75

1 300

Repayment profile

2011

2012 

2013

2014

After 2014

716

856

1 865

296

627

4 360

Cash  retained  from  operations  was 

the receipt of R1 817 million in dividends, 

Compliance with the group’s financial loan 

R4  106  million  for  the  group.  This  was 

primarily  from  SIOC,  the  group  had  net 

covenants  with  external  financiers 

is 

primarily  used  to  fund  net  financing 

cash  inflow  of  R1  386  million  for  the 

shown below:

charges  of  R256  million, 

taxation 

financial  year.  The  final  dividend  for 

payments  of  R430  million,  dividend 
payments  of  R1  056  million  and  capital 

payment  in  April  2011  will  amount  to  a 
further  cash  outflow  of  R1  074  million 

expenditure  of  R2  677  million  of  which 

offset  by  the  dividend  inflow  from  SIOC 

R1  522  million  was  invested  in  new 

of R1 623 million.

capacity  and  R1  155  million  applied  to 

Net debt to equity (%)

EBITDA interest 
cover (times)

HDSCR1

sustaining  and  environmental  capital. 

Net debt of R3 731 million at 31 December 

CHDSCR2

Ratio Covenants

13

9

3,75

3,71

<80

>4

>1,3

>1,5

R918  million  of  expansion  capacity 

2009 

accordingly 

decreased 

to 

expenditure  was  for  the  Grootegeluk 

R2 220 million at a net debt to equity ratio 

mine expansion for Medupi (GMEP). After 

of 13% at 31 December 2010. 

1   Historical debt service cover ratio (HDSCR) being 
cash earnings, less unfunded capital expenditure 
and taxation, plus dividends received (collectively 
referred  to  as  free  cash  flow),  divided  by 
mandatory  capital  and  interest  payments  on 
financing facilities.

2   Cumulative  HDSCR  being  cash  and  cash 
equivalents  at  the  beginning  of  the  period,  plus 
free  cash  flow,  less  dividends  paid,  divided  by 
mandatory  capital  and  interest  payments  on 
financing  facilities.  Dividend  payments  may  not 
result in this calculation being less than 1,5.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 57

FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL REVIEW CONTINUED

ORGANISATIONAL 
STRUCTURE
Activities  to  optimise  Exxaro’s  zinc  asset 

portfolio  continue  to  ultimately  extract 

the most value in the divestment process, 

which is expected to start in 2011.

COMMODITY PRICE AND 
CURRENCY HEDGING
A total of 60% of Rosh Pinah’s projected 

zinc  and 

lead  concentrate  sales  was 

hedged in 2008 for the period July 2008 

to  December  2011  at  forward  prices 

operations as well as USD52 million at an 

ranging  from  USD2  215  to  USD1  887  per 

average rate of USD0,87c to the AUD for 

tonne 

for  zinc  and  USD2 385 

to 

the Australian operation.

USD1  771  per  tonne  for  lead.  Taking  the 

favourable  currency  hedging  in  place  on 

these  hedged  prices,  the  average  ZAR 
price equates to R19 976 per tonne. These 
hedges will mature in 2011.

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE
More  detail  is  provided  in  the  growth 

report  on  page  60  of  the  capital 

expenditure summary detailed below.

On  31  December  2010  Exxaro  had 

USD106  million  of  hedging  in  place  at  an 

average  exchange  rate  of  R7,19  for  local 

R million

Sustaining and environmental

–  Coal

–  Mineral sands

–  Base metals

–  Other

Expansion

–  Coal

–  Mineral sands

–  Base metals

–  Other 

Total 

GMEP (incl capitalised interest)

Financial
year 2012
Estimate

Financial
year 2011
Estimate

12 months
ended
31 December
2010

12 months
ended 
31 December 
2009

3 956

2 204

1 610

142

3 717

3 655

62

7 673

3 190

2 244

1 014

676

150

404

5 957

5 872

41

10

34

8 201

5 231

1 155

516

398

169

72

1 522

1 225

294

3

2 677

918

992

432

340

127

93

990

492

486

12

1 9827

58 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Capital  expenditure  for  2010  and  the 

Post  2012,  sustaining  capital  expenditure 

medium 

term 

is 

dominated 

by 

is  expected  to  revert  to  a  normalised 

Grootegeluk’s  Medupi  expansion  project, 

R1,3 billion per annum.

known  as  GMEP.  The  GMEP  capital 

disclosed includes capitalised interest.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I  express  my  sincere  appreciation  to  the 

Further  capital  expenditure  warranting 

very  competent  Exxaro  finance  teams 

mention is:

throughout the group for their continued 

>   Primary equipment replacement:

commitment,  dedication  and  valuable 

contributions. 

  —  2011 R263 million

  —  2012 R635 million

  —  2013 R608 million

>   Grootegeluk backfill project:

  —  2011 R243 million

  —  2012 R700 million

  —  2013 R368 million

>   Investment 

in  developing  Fairbreeze 

of  R2,4  billion  over  the  next  two  years 

Wim de Klerk

(included in sustaining capital)

Finance director

>   Co-generation  at  Namakwa  Sands  of 

R175 million

>   SAP upgrade of R214 million.

15 March 2011

Share price volumes traded for the period 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2010

0
0
0

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e
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Exxaro Resources volume

Exxaro Resources price

JSE All share

JSE Resource 20

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

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EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 59

 
 
 
 
GROWTH

Introduction
In  2010,  there  was  a  strong  recovery  in 

Globally,  capital  allocation  has  become 

one of the most pressing strategic issues 

Thabametsi
Thabametsi  is  a  prospective  greenfields 

commodity  markets  and 

faster-than-

anticipated 

recovery 

in 

the  global 

economy.  This  renewed  the  focus  on 

carbon,  reductants,  ferrous  and  energy 

growth  projects  in  line  with  the  group’s 

approved 

strategy 

to  maintain 

a 

diversified,  sustainable  and  profitable 

business portfolio.

for  mining  and  metals  companies.  We 

mine adjacent to Grootegeluk mine in the 

believe correct capital allocation follows 

Waterberg, 

Limpopo 

province. 

a  process  of 

comprehensive 

risk 

Development of this project was originally 

management.  By  analysing  scenarios 

planned  to  coincide  with  Eskom’s  future 

and impacts, and setting strict minimum 

developments in the Waterberg as well as 

investment 

criteria 

against  which 

the Department of Energy’s formalisation 

competing projects bid for scarce capital, 

and  establishment  of  an  appropriate 

we  identify  opportunities  to  preserve 

enabling  environment,  governed  by  the 

and  grow  shareholder  value,  refine 

National  Integrated  Resource  Plan  2010 

One  of  the  key  risks  to  achieving  this 

processes and controls and remain agile 

(NIRP  2010)  to  allow  for  new-generation 

goal 

is  effective  capital  allocation. 

in a competitive market. 

Exxaro’s  commodity  strategy  has  been  noted  in  the  chief  executive  officer’s  report  on 

page 45. The table provides a summary of a number of growth initiatives, followed by a 

brief description of some projects:

Ownership

Scope

Estimated 
capex

Status

Estimated 
start up

Coal

Coal

Coal

Coal

Coal

GMEP

14,6Mtpa

R9,5 billion Construction

Char phase 2

140-280ktpa TBD

Feasibility

Belfast

Market coke

Moranbah South 
(Australia) (50%)

3-5Mtpa

1Mtpa

6Mtpa

TBD

TBD

TBD

Pre-feasibility

Pre-feasibility

Pre-feasibility

Coal

Thabametsi

6-17Mtpa

TBD

Pre-feasibility

Sands

Fairbreeze mine

300ktpa

R2,4 billion Approved 

February 2011

2012

2013

2014

2014

2015

2016

2013

capacity  in  terms  of  Eskom’s  multi-site 

base  load  independent  power  producer 

(IPP) programme. 

The draft NIRP 2010, released in October 

2010,  does  not  cater  for  any  new  coal-

fired  power  generation  development 

until 2027. The draft was subjected to a 
public-review process in December 2010 

and  is  expected  to  be  finalised  early  in 

2011  after  receiving  comments  from  all 
stakeholders.  Due  to  delays  in  these 
initiatives, Exxaro’s focus is now on first 

developing  a  smaller  mine  for  coal 

supply to the Limpopo IPP envisaged in 
the  draft  NIRP  2010.  A  bankable 
feasibility  study  as  well  as  the  public 

consultation required for environmental 

Sands Dry mine replacement  

100-200ktpa TBD

Pre-feasibility

2013

approvals will begin once the scope for 

(Australia) (100%)

Energy Co-generation 

Namakwa Sands

14MW

TBD

Feasibility

Energy Wind energy

40-100MW TBD

Pre-feasibility

2012

2014

Coal
Grootegeluk mine expansion for Medupi (GMEP)
The Medupi coal supply and offtake agreement became unconditional and binding on 

Exxaro and Eskom on 24 June 2010. In terms of the agreement, Exxaro will supply 

14,6Mtpa  to  Medupi  power  station  for  a  40-year  period  post  ramp-up.  The  total 
capital cost of GMEP is forecast at R9,5 billion. First coal delivery will begin in May 
2012 and full commissioning is expected during 2014/15. Project detailed design was 
largely completed by the end of February 2011. Around 90% of the major construction 

packages and plant equipment packages have already been placed, and the balance 
will be placed during the first quarter of 2011. On-site construction has started with 
most bulk earthworks nearing completion. Civil work is well under way after major 
structural work was started in February 2011. Current indications are that the project 
will be completed within schedule and budget.

The R4,5 billion bridge loan facility for GMEP was secured in the first half of 2010 with a 
consortium of local and international financial institutions. First drawdown of the loan is 
only expected in the second quarter of 2011.

the  Limpopo  IPP  has  been  determined 
and  the  final  NIRP  2010  promulgated. 
First coal production could be expected 

by 2015/16, but depends on the Limpopo 

IPP  and  water-supply  development 

schedules.

Mafutha
Exxaro  has  a  prospecting  joint-venture 

agreement with Sasol Mining to investigate 

the  commercial  viability  of  developing  a 

new coal mine in the Waterberg to supply 

Sasol’s  potential  80  000  barrels  per  day 

inland coal-to-liquids facility. The study is 

still  in  an  extended  pre-feasibility  stage. 

Mining  the  170kt  bulk  sample  for  large-

scale  gasification  testing  at  the  Sasol 

Synfuels  Secunda  plant  began  in  August 

2009  and  was  completed  in  the  second 
quarter  of  2010.  Gasification  tests  are 
expected  to  be  complete  in  the  first 

quarter of 2011.

60 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Waterberg infrastructure 
development
An 

integrated 

infrastructure 

plan 

continues 

to  be  developed 

for  the 

Waterberg 

coalfields  with 

relevant 

remain encouraging. We anticipate that a 

second half of 2011 with the commercial 

feasibility  study  will  be  concluded  in  the 

second half of 2012, with first production 
expected in 2015. Moranbah South, which 
joint  venture  with  Anglo 
is  a  50% 

operation  date  scheduled  for  the  third 
quarter  of  2012.  Clean  Development 
Mechanism-registration  of  this  project 

is well advanced.

stakeholders.  Focus  areas  include  the 

American,  has  the  potential  to  produce 

>   Exxaro  continues  to 

facilitate  the 

some  6Mtpa  of  premium-quality  hard 

development  of  a  600–1  200MW  coal-

supply of raw water to the area, rail, road, 
housing  and  job  creation.  Exxaro  has 
completed  phase  I  of  its  eco-friendly 

housing  project 

in  Lephalale,  which 

received  an  award  at  the  2010  Nedbank 

coking coal.

Energy
The  development  of  Exxaro’s  energy 

Capital  Green  Mining  Awards 

in  the 

portfolio  to  explore  opportunities 

in 

sustainability category.

Sintel char and market coke
The  Sintel  char  plant  at  Grootegeluk 

energy  markets  is  progressing  according 

to  plan.  The  focus  is  on  cleaner-energy 

initiatives encompassing a combination of 

co-generation,  carbon  credit 

trading, 

mine  to  produce  reductants  for  the 

renewable  energy,  coal-bed  methane 

ferroalloy 

industry  has  been 

fully 

commissioned  with  all  four  retorts  in 
operation.  The  plant  reached  overall 
design  capacity  in  the  last  quarter  of 

2010.  Exxaro 

is  currently  evaluating 

phase  II  expansion  to  produce  a  further 

280ktpa  of  char  as  well  as  a  study  to 

development,  and  coal  base-load  project 
developments.  Securing  equity  funding 
partners  for  these  projects  continues  in 
parallel with investigations.

fired  power  station  in  the  Waterberg 

(Limpopo IPP). Non-binding term sheets 

for the offtake of 1 150MW of electricity 

have  been  signed  between  Exxaro  and 
industrial  offtakers.  The  project  is  one 
of  the  options  being  investigated  to 

enable  the  Thabametsi  coal  mine 
referred to earlier. 

Ferrous
Iron ore
Exxaro continues to evaluate opportunities 

aligned  with  its  strategy  to  establish  a 
direct footprint in the iron ore commodity. 

Coal-bed methane development
Development of the first five-spot test for 

AlloyStreamTM
Exxaro 

successfully 

concluded 

an 

produce  market  coke  from  semi-soft 

the coal-bed methane project in Botswana, 

agreement  to  partner  with  Assmang 

coking coal at Grootegeluk mine as part 

of its strategy of downstream integration 
and  beneficiation.  These  studies  should 
be completed during 2011.

Belfast
Exxaro’s application for a mining right for 

to test for economic gas flow, is in the final 
stages.  Five  wells  have  been  drilled  and 
four  of  these  have  been  fractured. 
Dewatering of the well field is under way 
and  gas  flow  is  steadily  increasing.  The 
in  2011  until 
wells  will  be  operated 

Limited to commercialise its AlloyStreamTM 

technology to beneficiate manganese ore 
into high-carbon ferromanganese alloy. A 
large demonstration facility is planned to 
be  completed  in  2011.  Major  benefits  of 
this  technology  include  lower  electrical 

economical  gas-flow  levels  have  been 

consumption 

and 

the 

use 

of 

the Belfast project has been accepted by 

obtained.

unagglomerated fine feed materials.

the  Department  of  Mineral  Resources 

(DMR)  and  is  being  processed.  Updated 

specialist  environmental 

studies  as 

required  by  the  national  environmental 

management  and  water  acts  will  be 

submitted  to  the  relevant  authorities  in 
the  first  half  of  2011.  The  pre-feasibility 
study  was  completed  in  December  2010 

and  the  decision  to  proceed  with  a  full 

feasibility  study  will  be  evaluated  in  the 
first  quarter  of  2011.  Depending  on  the 
outcome,  start-up  and  first  production  is 

anticipated in 2014.

Moranbah South
Exploration  of  the  hard  coking  coal 

Clean energy initiatives:
>   The  pre-feasibility  study  for  a  100MW 

wind farm on South Africa’s west coast 
has been completed. An 80m mast was 
installed at Brand se Baai in March 2010. 
The study indicates an initial project of 
between  40MW  and  66MW  is  viable. 
The  bankable  feasibility  study  is  now 

under way with completion planned for 

Mineral sands
Fairbreeze
On 22 February 2011, the board approved 

the development of Fairbreeze mine as a 

replacement 

feedstock  producer 

to 

Hillendale mine at KZN Sands, subject to 

obtaining  the  required  regulatory  and 
environmental  approvals.  A  possible 
reversal  or  partial  reversal  of  previous 

the third quarter of 2011.

impairments  of  the  carrying  value  of  the 

>   A pre-feasibility study for a 76MW wind 

assets  will  be  considered  simultaneously 

in  the  Tsitsikamma  region 

farm 
is 
continuing.  Exxaro  has  a  75%  share  in 
this  project.  This  study  should  be 
completed by the end of 2011.

by the board.

resource on the Moranbah South property 

>   A bankable feasibility study for a 14MW 

in  the  Bowen  Basin  of  Queensland, 

Australia,  is  progressing  well  and  results 

obtained  during  the  pre-feasibility  study 

co-generation plant at Namakwa Sands 
is  in  the  final  stages.  Construction  of 
the  power  plant  is  planned  for  the 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 61

62 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

DIVIDER PAGE 3 — FRONT (PERFORMANCE REVIEW)

Performance review

i

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EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 63

 
 
REVIEW OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES

The  Mineral  Resources  and  Ore  Reserves 

geological  potential,  the  mineability  and 

The processes and calculations associated 

underpinning Exxaro’s current operations 

associated risks/opportunities to establish 

with  the  estimate  have  been  audited  by 

and  growth  projects  are  summarised  in 

an  eventual  extraction  outline  (EEO). 

internal  competent  persons  and  are 

the  tables  on  pages  66  to  76.  Mineral 

Resources are reported inclusive of those 

that have been converted to Ore Reserves 

and  at  100%  ownership,  irrespective  of 

the  percentage  attributable  to  Exxaro, 

except  in  the  case  of  Black  Mountain, 

Gamsberg and Swartberg, because figures 

received 

from  Anglo  Base  Metals 

represent resources exclusive of reserves. 

Significant  changes  in  the  resource  or 

reserve  figures  have  been  explained  by 

relevant footnotes to each table. Resource 

estimations are based on resource models, 

which 

incorporate  all  new  validated 

geological  information  and,  if  applicable, 

revised 

resource 

definitions 

and 

classifications.  The  resource  models  are 
compiled  as  a  rule  between  June  and 

August of the reporting year. Ore Reserves 

are estimated using the relevant modifying 

factors  at  the  time  of  reporting  which 

include  mining,  metallurgical,  economic, 

marketing,  legal,  environmental,  social 

and 

governmental 

regulatory 

requirements. Mineral Resources in which 

Exxaro  held  the  controlling  interest  have 

been reviewed during 2010 to comply with 

“reasonable  and  realistic  prospects  for 

Mineral  Resources  and  Ore  Reserves 

audited  by  external  consultants  when 

quoted 

fall  within  existing  Exxaro 

deemed 

essential 

to 

establish 

Resources  mine  or  prospecting  rights. 

transparency.  For  mines  or  projects  in 

Mining rights are of sufficient duration (or 

which Exxaro does not hold the controlling 

convey  a  legal  right  to  convert  or  renew 

interest,  figures  have  been  compiled  by 

for  sufficient  duration)  to  enable  all 

competent  persons  from  the  applicable 

reserves  to  be  mined  in  accordance  with 

companies and have not been audited by 

current  production  schedules.  Mineral 

Exxaro.  Resource  and  reserve  estimation 

Resources  and  Ore  Reserves  were 

at Exxaro mines and projects in Australia 

estimated  by  competent  persons  on  an 

were  done  by  competent  persons  as 

operational  basis  and  in  accordance  with 

defined by the JORC Code (2004). 

the  SAMREC  Code  (2007)  for  South 

African  properties  and  the  JORC  Code 

The  person  in  Exxaro  designated  to  take 

(2004)  for  Australian  properties.  Ore 

corporate 

responsibility 

for  Mineral 

Reserves in the context of this report have 

Resources and reserves, HJ van der Berg, 

the  same  meaning  as  ‘Mineral  Reserves’, 

the  undersigned,  has  reviewed  and 

as defined by the SAMREC Code 2007. All 

endorsed the reported estimates.

competent  persons  have 

sufficient 

relevant  experience 

in  the  style  of 

mineralisation,  type  of  deposit,  mining 

method  and  activity  for  which  they  have 

taken  responsibility,  to  qualify  as  a 

‘competent  person’  as  defined  in  these 

codes  at  the  time  of  reporting.  These 

HJ van der Berg

competent  persons  have  signed  off  their 

MSc (Geology), BSc (hon)

respective  estimates 

in 

the  original 

Pr Sci Nat (400099/01)

Mineral  Resource  and  Ore  Reserve 

Manager mineral assets  

eventual  economic  extraction”  (SAMREC 

statements for the various operations and 

Code 2007). 

consent to the inclusion of the information 

in  this  report  in  the  form  and  context  in 

Exxaro  uses  a  systematic  review  process 

which 

it  appears.  A 

list  of  Exxaro’s 

that measures the level of maturity of the 

competent  persons  is  available  from  the 

exploration  work  done,  the  extent  of  the 

company secretary on written request.

64 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

the 

not 

with 

resource  and 

Exxaro’s tenure over its mineral assets as 
listed  in  the  tables  was  audited  and  is 
confirmed 
following 
consideration: the deal to divest from Glen 
Douglas dolomite mine was concluded and 
the  mine  was  transferred  to  Afrimat 
Limited with ministerial consent. The Glen 
reserve  are 
Douglas 
therefore 
reported.  Numerous 
conflicting  prospecting  right  applications 
were  lodged  by  junior  companies  over 
mineral areas held by Exxaro under a valid 
mining or a prospecting right. In many of 
those  cases,  the  DMR  has  accepted  the 
applications. Exxaro has submitted written 
objections  to  both  the  DMR  and  the 
applicant  on  all  known  conflicting 
applications.  However,  the  conflicting 
applications are not regarded as a threat 
to  any  of  the  rights,  because  they  are 
illegal.  Nevertheless  Exxaro 
in 
continuous  consultation  with  the  DMR  to 
get these matters resolved.

is 

It  is  anticipated  that  by  the  end  of  the 
minister’s  moratorium  on  accepting  new 
applications,  all  conflicting  applications 
will have been addressed.

The DMR has confirmed in writing that the 
Grootegeluk,  Tshikondeni,  Gravelotte, 
Matla  and  Strathrae  mines  have  been 
converted to new-order mining rights, but 
none of these mining rights has yet been 
the 
executed.  The  notification 
conversion  of  Arnot  and  Glisa  is  still 
outstanding.  All  other  Exxaro  mines  in 
South  Africa  are  operating  under  a  new-
order mining right.

for 

coal 

projects 

high-priority 

As  a  result  of  the  economic  climate  and 
good  management  practice,  all  growth 
projects,  including  exploration  projects, 
were evaluated and prioritised during the 
year.  Prospecting  activities  were  focused 
on the Waterberg coalfield and a number 
of 
in 
Mpumalanga  province,  especially  those 
close to existing Exxaro mines. Exploration 
drilling was conducted on priority targets 
and  the  confidence  in  resource  figures 
improved,  as  shown 
in  the  mineral 
resource  tables  overleaf.  This  includes 
additional drilling and geophysics done on 
in 
the  Moranbah 
Reportable 
Queensland, 
increased 
resource 
level  of 
significantly.  The  present 

South 
Australia. 

project 

tonnes 

have 

confidence in the mineral resource at this 
project  will  support  the  prefeasibility 
study, which is under way. 

present 

Exxaro  recognises  the  importance  and 
value of its mineral assets as the base of 
and 
its 
future 
success 
to  manage, 
sustainability.  The  drive 
optimise and grow the company’s mineral 
assets  will  therefore  remain  a  focus  in 
2011. Mineral asset risks and opportunities 
are being identified at each operation and 
growth  project  and  managed  to  improve 
utilisation and profitability, while pursuing 
safer  working  conditions  and  responsible 
environmental  practices.  Simultaneously, 
the  growth  strategy  will  focus  on  adding 
quality new resources to Exxaro’s mineral 
asset portfolio.

pressure 

on  mineral 

As  a  result  of  changes  in  the  resources 
arena, both internally and internationally, 
the 
asset 
management  has  increased  over  recent 
years.  Changing  legislation  and  statutory 
requirements mean operational standards 
and  procedures  must  be  continually 
compliant. 
adjusted 
Environmentally,  the 
inevitable  visual 
impact  of  mining  has  put  the  industry 
under the spotlight. To manage its mineral 
assets responsibly under these conditions, 
Exxaro 
standards  and 
modifying  factors  to  apply  the  impact  of 

is  adapting 

remain 

to 

all  these  elements  on  mineral  resource 
estimation  and  classification.  Although  it 
complicates  the  estimation  process,  we 
regard  it  as  the  only  way  to  identify, 
quantify and apply risks and opportunities 
in  mineral  asset  optimisation  and 
responsible  utilisation.  All  spheres  of  the 
mining environment such as geology, the 
natural  environment,  safety  as  well  as 
legal  and  statutory  compliance  has  an 
impact  especially  on  ore 
reserve 
estimation in Exxaro.

management 

The  result  is  that  important  industry 
drivers  such  as  safety,  profitability  and 
environmental 
are 
embedded in the way the mineral asset is 
evaluated in the ground. If these principles 
are  applied  continuously  through  the 
execution  process,  the  mine  will  comply 
with statutory and legal requirements and 
be profitable.

However,  a  further  consequence  of  this 
changing  environment  is  that  it  places  a 
the  economic 
question-mark  against 
mineability of poorer mineral deposits and 
puts  pressure  on  the  remaining  high-
quality  deposits.  The  envisaged  small-
scale mining industry will find it difficult to 
comply with these requirements and may 
not  develop  as  a  viable  branch  of  the 
industry in South Africa at all.

Coal mines and projects in South Africa

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 65

REVIEW OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES 
CONTINUED

COAL
Coal Resources
The table below details the total inclusive Coal Resources estimated as at 31 December 2010

Commodity

Operation1

Coal
Mpumalanga

Arnot mine6 (UG)
(captive market)

Matla mine (>18MJ/kg) (UG)
(captive market)

Matla mine (Low CV, 
15-18MJ/kg)7 (UG)
(captive market)

Matla mine (Total)7
(captive market) (UG)

Inyanda mine (OC)

Leeuwpan mine (OC)

Mafube mine8 (OC)

NBC mine9 (OC)
(North Block Complex)

NCC mine (UG/OC)
(New Clydesdale) 

Glisa South project10 (OC)
(prospecting)

Belfast project11 (OC)
(prospecting)

% attributable 
to Exxaro2

Resource 
category

Tonnes 
(million)3, 5

2010

100

100

100

100

100

100

50

100

100

100

100

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

169,3
46,0
48,8
264,1
313,5
335,4
179,7
828,5
129,4
28,7
39,1
197,2
442,9
364,1
218,8
1 025,8
11,4
–
–
11,4
179,7
2,8
–
182,5
112,4
–
52,0
164,4
26,0
5,1
0,2
31,3
11,5
42,2
–
53,7
20,0
47,1
9,4
76,6
83,2
24,2
25,9
133,3

2009

Tonnes 
(million)3, 5

150,2
38,3
25,5
214,0

406,0
330,5
107,5
844,0

Grade4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

Not reported 

Not reported 

12,6
–
–
12,6

181,7
2,8
–
184,5

121,1
–
57,3
178,4

30,7
5,1
0,2
36,0

13,9
42,2
–
56,1

 Raw Coal4
–
–
 Raw Coal4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
–
 Raw Coal4

 Raw Coal4
–
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
–
 Raw Coal4

Not reported

107,7
3,7
7,1
118,5

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

% 
change

23,4

(1,8)

N/A

N/A

(9,5)

(1,1)

(7,9)

(13,1)

(4)

N/A

13

Grade4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
–
–
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
–
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
–
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
–
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4

66 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Commodity

Operation1

Coal
Limpopo

Grootegeluk mine12 (OC)

Grootegeluk West project (OC)
(prospecting)

Waterberg North project13 (OC)
(prospecting)

Waterberg South project14 (OC)
(prospecting)

Tshikondeni mine (UG/OC)
(captive market)

Coal
Australia

Moranbah South project15 (UG)
(prospecting)

% attributable 
to Exxaro2

Resource 
category

Tonnes 
(million)3, 5

2010

100

100

100

100

100

50

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

Measured
Indicated
Inferred
TOTAL

2 559
1 541
787
4 887
–
2 579
2 249
4 828
–
–
2 253
2 253
–
–
895
895
23,5
10,1
–
33,6
146,4
325,4
136,5
608,2

2009

Tonnes 
(million)3, 5

2 610
1 290
787
4 687

–
1 021
3 617
4 638

–
–
2 176
2 176

–
–
699
699

24,0
10,1
–
34,1

56,0
150,0
60,4
266,4

Grade4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

–
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

–
–
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

–
–
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
–
Raw Coal

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4

% 
change

4,3

4,1

–
–

3,5

28

(1,6)

128,3

Grade4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
–
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
–
–
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4
–
–
 Raw Coal4

 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
–
Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
 Raw Coal4
Raw Coal4

Rounding off of figures may cause computational discrepancies.

All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained.

  1  Mining method: OC – open-cut, UG – underground.
  2  Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2010 only.
  3   The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt. Coal Resources are quoted on a Mineable Tonnage In Situ (MTIS) and on an 

air-dried basis.

  4   Coal qualities are reported in Table 1 and are quoted on a Mineable Tonnage In Situ (MTIS) and on an air-dried basis.
  5   Coal Resources are quoted “inclusive” of Coal Resources that have been modified to Coal Reserves unless otherwise stated.
  6   The increase of ~50Mt is the result of the review of the geological database (update of new holes and correction of historical holes), subsequent update of the 

geological model improving seam interpretation and a change in the quality cut-off parameters used (35% Ash). 

  7   Lower CV (15-18MJ/kg) coal from Seam 4 is utilised at Matla Mine 3 in addition to the Coal Resources (>18MJ/kg CV) previously reported. The inclusion of 

these Coal Resources resulted in a significant increase in the Total Resource base.

  8   Estimates are received from Anglo American and were not audited by Exxaro.
  9   The decrease of 4,7Mt is due to mining depletion. 
 10   The project area is adjacent to the NBC mine and is reported for the first time following four years of extensive exploration. 
 11   The increase of 14,8Mt (13%) is the result of the inclusion of potentially opencastable seams 3 and 4, not reported in 2009. 
 12   Mining depletion of 36,7Mt has been positively offset by the increase in resource as a result of the update of the geological model with new drill hole information. 
 13   The increase of ~77Mt is the result of new drilling information.
 14   The increase of ~196Mt is the result of new drilling information. 
 15   Estimates are received from Anglo American and not audited by Exxaro. The significant increase is primarily the result of the upgrading of Goonyella Middle (GM) 

Seam resources (~350Mt) from low potential to reportable resources based on extensive exploration work. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 67

REVIEW OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES 
CONTINUED

COAL RESOURCE QUALITIES
Table 1

Seam/ 
Layer/
Formation

Operation

Arnot mine

Matla mine

Seam 2
Seam 1
Seam 4 
(Low CV)
Seam 4
Seam 2

Inyanda mine Main 

Reserve
Pegasus –
South 
Reserve

TC2
BC2

Leeuwpan 
mine

NBC mine

Mafube mine Seam 2
Seam 1
NBC main 
orebody
Strathrae 
East
Eerstelings-
fontein

Glisa South 
project
NCC mine

Belfast  
project

Grootegeluk 
mine

Grootegeluk 
West project

Waterberg  
North project

Waterberg  
South project

A Grade 
Coal
B Grade 
Coal

Seam 4
Seam 3
Seam 2
Volksrust 
Formation
Vryheid 
Formation
Volksrust 
Formation
Vryheid 
Formation
Volksrust 
Formation
Vryheid 
Formation
Volksrust 
Formation
Vryheid 
Formation

Measured Resource

Tonnes 
(Mt)1
164,3
5,0

 CV 

MJ/kg % VM % Ash
20,6
20,6
18,9
30,1

23,9
25,3

129,4
233,0
80,5

17,2
19,5
24,0

22,1
22,7
24,0

33,6
30,7
19,1

10,3

25,2

23,9

20,6

% S
1,0
1,5

0,8
1,1
0,9

1,9

1,1

24,2

24,2

20,9

1,7

112,8
66,9
115,1
3,2

16,60
23,9
22,5
20,4

17,50
21,8
22,4
22,7

40,10
22,1
23,9
31,3

0,90
1,1
0,8
0,9

21,7

19,7

21,2

29,9

0,5

3,7

24,7

22,9

19,0

24,3

22,6

18,2

20,0

19,0

20,3

32,0

10,8

25,5

23,8

20,2

0,8

23,2

21,6

23,2

2,2
6,3
74,7

15,9
21,4
24,7

20,9
23,1
23,0

40,2
27,8
18,2

0,9

0,8

0,8

0,9

0,7

0,7

1,2
1,0
1,1

2010

Indicated Resource
 CV 

MJ/kg % VM % Ash
20,8
24,0
19,4
29,9

23,8
25,0

Tonnes 
(Mt)1
44,6
1,3

28,7
133,6
201,8

–

–

1,6
1,2
–
–

5,1

–

–

36,0
29,4
20,7

–

–

51,8
20,5

16,9
19,9
22,9

–

–

11,3
25,7
–
–

22,0
22,7
23,7

–

–

10,8
9,7
–
–

20,0

21,1

29,9

–

–

–

–

–

–

47,1

19,0

20,9

31,8

14,0

26,2

24,8

20,3

28,2

22,9

25,3

26,6

1,0
1,8
21,3

13,4
21,1
24,1

19,1
22,8
22,8

47,8
28,5
19,9

1 842

12,3

19,4

55,4

1,0

1 273

13,2

19,9

54,1

717

23,2

22,2

27,6

2,1

268

23,3

22,3

28,6

% S
0,9
2,7

1,0
1,0
1,0

–

–

0,7
0,7
–
–

0,9

–

–

1,0

0,9

0,9

1,1
1,5
1,0

1,0

2,2

Inferred Resource

Tonnes 
(Mt)1
46,3
2,6

 CV 

MJ/kg % VM % Ash
20,2
24,4
19,8
29,8

24,2
24,8

39,1
129,0
50,7

16,3
19,9
20,6

21,3
22,8
20,4

37,5
29,1
29,8

–

–

–
–
10,7
34,5

–

–

–
–
21,8
20,2

–

–

–
–
22,7
22,4

–

–

–
–
25,6
31,3

0,2

21,5

21,4

25,0

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

% S
0,9
3,0

1,3
1,0
1,0

–

–

–
–
0,9
1,0

0,8

–

–

9,4

21,0

21,6

27,6

1,0

–

–

2,3
1,1
22,5

–

–

12,7
20,7
22,9

–

–

19,2
22,7
21,9

–

–

50,0
29,3
22,7

610

13,2

19,2

55,1

177

23,2

21,5

28,5

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

2 149

11,1

19,3

56,9

0,9

1 800

10,1

18,7

58,8

430

20,4

21,9

32,1

2,2

449

19,5

21,6

34,2

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

14,0

22,8

–

–

–

–

1 468

10,8

19,0

56,8

785

18,1

21,7

36,2

354

14,1

23,2

44,9

541

17,1

21,6

36,1

0,7

–

–

–

–

0,6

136,5

27,0

17,9

21,9

0,6

–

–

0,8
1,1
1,1

1,3

2,0

0,9

2,1

0,9

1,8

1,1

2,1

–

23,5

30,8

Total

Tshikondeni 
mine
Moranbah 
project
26,0
146,4
VM – volatile matter, S – sulphur, CV – calorific value
Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies.
Coal qualities are quoted on a Mineable Tonnage In-Situ (MTIS) and on an air-dried basis

325,4

Total

18,2

26,9

30,8

22,0

10,1

19,0

22,0

25,7

14,0

0,7

0,6

1 The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt. 
2 TC – Top Coal, BC – Bottom Coal

68 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

COAL
Coal Reserves
The table below details the total Coal Reserve estimated as at 31 December 2010.

Commodity Operation1

% 
attribut-
able to 
Exxaro5

Reserve 
category

ROM 

(Mt)2, 3

Saleable product 
(Mt)2, 4

ROM 

(Mt)2, 3

Saleable product 
(Mt)2, 4

% 
change

2010

2009

Life of
Mine 
Plan 
(LoMP)
(Years)

Coal
Mpumalanga

Arnot mine7 (UG) 

100

Proved

(captive market)

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

Probable

TOTAL

46,4

11,6

58,0

6,3

Matla mine8 (UG)

100

Proved

132,4

(captive market)

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

Probable

149,5

TOTAL

281,9

57

9,4

0,4

9,8

–

78,1

73,6

Inyanda mine9 (OC)

100

Proved

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

Leeuwpan mine10 (OC) 

100

Proved

Probable

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

–

TOTAL

151,7

Coking 
coal

Thermal 
coal

Metal-
lurgical 
coal

Coking 
coal

Thermal 
coal

Metal-
lurgical 
coal

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

43,6

10,9

54,5

131,7

148,8

280,5

N/A

N/A

N/A

72,6

10,2

82,8

N/A

N/A

201,1

132,1

N/A

333,2

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

70,4

9,9

80,3

200,1

131,5

331,6

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

A-grade export steam coal

A-grade export steam coal

6,6

0,3

6,9

11,6

0,4

12,0

8,2

0,3

8,5

(29,9)

11,6

(15,4)

33

(18,4)

4,2

Export Thermal 

Metal-
lurgical

5,5

–

5,5

25,6

21,4

47,0

12,4

20,3

88,3

64,8

32,7

153,1

Export

Thermal 

4,2

–

4,2

35,4

9,4

44,8

Metal-
lurgical

9,5

23

32,5

(0,9)

22

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 69

REVIEW OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES 
CONTINUED

COAL continued
Coal Reserves continued

Commodity Operation1

% 
attribut-
able to 
Exxaro5

2010

2009

Reserve 
category

ROM 

(Mt)2, 3

Saleable product 
(Mt)2, 4

ROM 

(Mt)2, 3

Saleable product 
(Mt)2, 4

% 
change

Export Thermal 

Metal-
lurgical 

Export

Thermal 

Metal-
lurgical 

Life of
Mine 
Plan 
(LoMP)
(Years)

Coal
Mpumalanga 
(continued)

Mafube mine11 (OC) 

50

Proved

30,1

Probable

–

TOTAL

30,1

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

NBC12 (OC) 

100

Proved

(North Block Complex)

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

NCC mine13 (OC, UG)

100

Proved

(New Clydesdale)

Probable

–

–

27,2

27,2

–

7,6

2,3

TOTAL

10,0

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

Belfast project14
(UG/OC)

(prospecting)

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

100

Proved

Probable

TOTAL

–

–

67,3

67,3

0,8

Coal
Limpopo

Grootegeluk mine (OC)

100

Proved

2 056

Probable

913

14,8

–

14,8

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

–

21,6

21,6

97,6

58,9

6,9

–

6,9

–

17,0

17,0

5,6

0,9

6,5

–

35,4

35,4

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

35,6

67,3

102,9

26,9

4,1

31,0

11,7

–

11,7

91,9

3,0

94,9

900,5

356,9

91,0

21,9

2 140

666

18,4

25,1

43,5

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

56,8

–

56,8

96,4

33,0

8,2

21,2

29,4

24,5

3,7

28,2

7,6

–

7,6

29,9

–

29,9

905,3

309,6

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

83,3

33,7

(70,8)

6

(12,1)

6,3

(14,7)

6

(29,1)

21,1

TOTAL

2 969

156,5

1 257,4

112,9

2 806

129,4

1 214,9

117,0

5,8

54

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

302

Tshikondeni  
mine (UG/OC)

(captive market)

100

Proved

3,65

Probable

–

TOTAL

3,65

1,85

–

1,85

N/A

N/A

N/A

3,98

–

3,98

2,11

–

2,11

N/A

N/A

N/A

(8,3)

6

Inferred Resources in LoMP6

–

Rounding off of figures may cause computational discrepancies. All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained. Reserves quoted are 
inclusive of reported Mineral Resources unless otherwise stated.

  1   Mining method: OC – open-cut, UG – underground.
  2   The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt.
  3   Coal Reserves are quoted on a Run of Mine (RoM) reserve tonnage basis which represents the tonnages delivered to the plant at an applicable moisture and 

quality. 

  4   Saleable reserve tonnage represents the product tonnes of coal available-for-sale on a applicable moisture basis. Qualities of saleable products are provided in 

Table 2.

  5   Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2010 only.
  6   Inferred resources in Life of Mine Plan (LoMP) refer to Inferred Resources considered for the Life of Mine Plan.
  7   The decrease (30%) is the result of mining depletion (4,5Mt) and the exclusion of the envisaged open-cast areas due to technical investigations and pending 

authorisations. 

  8   The net decrease of ~51Mt is the result of mining depletion (12,8Mt), changes in the resource base, exclusion (~40Mt) of potential stooping areas underlying 

environmentally sensitive wetlands and the exclusion of Coal Reserves in Seam 2 attributed to safety conditions.

  9   The net decrease is primarily the result of mining depletion (~2,3Mt). The Pegasus-South ore body which is situated within the mine right area, but to the 

immediate north of the main ore body, has not been converted to Coal Reserves because of ongoing technical and environmental studies. 

 10   Measured Resources (reserve blocks OJ, OL, OI) have been converted to Probable Reserves due to metallurgical studies in progress and pending authorisations. 
 11   Figures are received from Anglo American and were not audited by Exxaro. Probable Reserves and Inferred Resources (considered for LoMP, ~66,6Mt) were 
excluded pending the approval for conversion of prospecting right to mining right. Application for conversion to mining right will be submitted, pending the 
completion of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). Anglo American Thermal Coal has reasonable expectation that such conversion will not be withheld. 
 12   The decrease (3,7Mt) is the result of mining depletion. The Coal Reserve was moved to the Probable Reserve category pending the outcome of technical 
investigations. The Reserve consists of the NBC main orebody (~23,97Mt), Strathrae East (0,57Mt) and Eerstelingsfontein (2,67Mt). The decrease in saleable 
product is the result of a revised product specification adopted in 2010.

 13   The decrease of 1,7Mt (~14%) is the result of mine depletion and a change in the resource base. The Haasfontein Reserves (~2,3Mt) was moved to the Probable 

Reserve category during the alignment of mining activities to environmental compliances. 

 14   The decrease in the Reserve is the result of the re-evaluation of the economics of the project and changes in proposed mine methods. The Reserve has been 

moved to the Probable Reserve category due to pending mine right and environmental authorisations.

70 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

COAL RESERVE QUALITIES
Table 2

Operation

Seam/Layer

Thermal saleable  
(proved + probable)

Metallurgical saleable  
(proved + probable)

Coking saleable  
(proved + probable)

Arnot mine

Matla mine

Seam 4

Seam 2

Inyanda mine

Leeuwpan 
mine

Mafube mine

TC2

BC2

NBC

Export

NBC Main 
orebody

Strathrae East

Eerstelings-
fontein

NCC mine

Belfast  
project

Thermal

Export

Grootegeluk 
mine

Volksrust 
Formation

Vryheid 
Formation

Tshikondeni 
mine

Tonnes 
(Mt)1

CV 
MJ/kg

54,2

130,9

151,0

7,6

24,3

18,7

21,7

27,5

%
VM

24,0

N/A

N/A

25,0

%
Ash

23,0

39,3

23,9

15,0

47,0

22,7

20,0

22,7

–

6,9

14,8

14,0

0,5

2,4

6,5

21,6

35,4

–

23,9

27,5

22,3

24,7

23,3

27,6

22,9

27,4

–

21,3

25,1

22,4

22,9

22,6

25,7

N/A

24,7

–

19,8

11,5

21,9

19,0

18,3

15,2

N/A

12,0

%
S

 Tonnes 
(Mt)1

CV 
MJ/kg

%
VM

%
Ash

%
S

 Tonnes 
(Mt)1

CV 
MJ/kg

%
VM

%
Ash

%
S

–

–

–

–

38,2

26,6

23,0

15,5

–

0,6

1,0

N/A

N/A

0,7

0,5

–

0,6

0,4

0,8

0,7

0,9

N/A

0,4

816,1

21,4

27,4

31,4

0,8

–

–

–

–

–

127,5

29,4

35,8

10,3

1,0

441,3

21,5

21,9

31,7

2,7

112,9

27,6

23,4

15,0

0,6

–

–

–

–

–

1,85

30,8

22,0

14,0

0,7

Saleable reserve tonnage represents the product tonnes of coal available for sale on a applicable moisture and air-dried quality basis. 
VM – volatile matter, S – sulphur, CV – calorific value
Rounding off of figures may cause computational discrepancies.

1 Saleable product tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt. 
2 TC – Top Coal, BC – Bottom Coal.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 71

REVIEW OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES 
CONTINUED

MINERAL SANDS
Mineral Resources
The table below details the total inclusive Mineral Sands Resources estimated as at 31 December 2010.

Commodity

Operation1

Mineral Sands
KwaZulu-Natal

Hillendale mine (including Braeburn  
+ Braeburn Extension)4 

(OC)

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro2

Resource 
category

Tonnes 
(million)3

2010

Grade

% Ilmenite

Tonnes 
(million)3

2009

Grade

% Ilmenite

% change

100

Measured

33,2

2,97

40,9

3,27

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

Fairbreeze A + B + C + C Ext + D5

100

Measured

(OC)

Block P

(OC)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

100

Measured

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

Port Durnford project6

51

Measured

(prospecting)

(OC)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

–

–

33,2

156,1

55,7

9,0

220,9

–

40,6

–

40,6

142,5

340,1

466,0

948,6

–

–

2,97

4,29

2,56

1,92

3,76

–

3,1

–

3,1

3,0

2,8

2,5

2,7

Mineral Sands
Eastern Cape

Mineral Sands
Limpopo 

Eastern Cape project

100

Measured

(Nombanjana, Ngcizele, Sandy Point 
old and recent)7

(OC)

Will apply for closure

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

Gravelotte sand and

100

Measured

pebbles 

(OC)

Gravelotte rock 

(OC)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

100

Measured

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

Letsitele sand project

100

Measured

(prospecting)

(OC)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

Letsitele rock project

100

Measured

(prospecting)

(OC)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

75,1

–

31,3

106,4

–

–

112,3

112,3

12,5

–

–

12,5

–

53,6

–

53,6

9,1

–

4,0

7,6

–

–

20,7

20,7

10,5

–

–

10,5

–

25,9

–

25,9

72 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

–

–

40,9

202,1

26,9

–

229,0

–

40,6

–

40,6

142,5

340,1

466,0

948,6

226,2

9,9

19,8

255,9

75,1

–

31,3

106,4

–

–

112,3

112,3

12,5

–

–

12,5

–

53,6

–

53,6

–

–

3,27

3,72

2,50

–

3,60

–

3,1

–

3,1

3,0

2,8

2,5

2,7

4,6

3,3

3,9

4,5

9,1

–

4,0

7,6

–

–

20,7

20,7

10,5

–

–

10,5

–

25,9

–

25,9

(18,9)

(4)

0

0

N/A

0

0

0

0

Mineral Sands
Australia

Tiwest

– Cooljarloo mine9

(OC)

Mineral Sands Resources continued

Commodity

Operation1

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro2

2010

2009

Resource 
category

Tonnes 
(million)3

Grade

Tonnes 
(million)3

Grade

% change

% Ilmenite

% Zircon

% Ilmenite

% Zircon

Mineral Sands
Western Cape

(OC)

Namakwa Sands mine8

100

Measured

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

50

Measured

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

344,0

385,9

199,5

929,4

232,3

193,0

–

425,4

–

62,3

36,5

98,8

–

25,6

–

25,6

55,2

12,0

15,9

83,1

3,27

2,07

2,31

2,57

% THM

2,3

1,9

–

2,1

% THM

–

2

2

2

–

6,0

6,0

4,5

4,8

4,0

4,5

0,82

0,49

0,65

0,64

0,7

0,7

0,3

0,6

578,1

258,1

84,8

921,0

95,0

234,1

10,0

339,1

3,0

2,5

1,5

2,7

%  THM

2,9

2,3

2,4

2,5

% THM

Not reported in 2009

–

–

25,6

–

25,6

91,4

–

–

91,4

–

–

6,0

–

6,0

4,5

–

–

4,5

0,9

25,4

N/A

0

(9)

– Cooljarloo West project10

50

Measured

(OC)

– Jurien project

(OC)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

50

Measured

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

– Dongara project11

50

Measured

(prospecting)

(OC)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

% THM – percent total heavy minerals
Mineral Resources are quoted inclusive of Mineral Resources that have been modified to Ore Reserves unless otherwise stated. 
Rounding off of figures may cause computational discrepancies.
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained.

  1   Mining method: OC – open-cut, UG – underground.
  2   Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2010 only.
  3   The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt.
  4   The decrease is primarily the result of mining depletion (~6Mt). 
  5   Geological models were revised and updated and Fairbreeze area D, previously reported separately, is now included in the Net Resource.
  6   The project is reviewed due to changed economical assumptions. The prospecting right has lapsed and a new application has been submitted, outcome is pending.
  7   Exxaro decided to disinvest as a result of technical and environmental constraints.
  8   The movements within the resource categories are mainly the result of a revised resource classification and orebody delineation. 
  9   The increase of 86,6Mt (~25%) and the movement between the various resource categories, are the result of a combination of factors. Mining depletion (~24Mt), the update of 
the  geological  model  that  incorporates  new  information  obtained  through  an  extensive  exploration  drilling  programme  executed  during  the  last  two  years,  as  well  as  the 
implementation of a larger, lower grade pit shell due to revised economical assumptions, are the primary contributors to the increase.

 10   The project is reported for the first time this year.
 11   Movements between the resource categories are the result of the review and update of the historical geological models. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 73

 
 
 
REVIEW OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES 
CONTINUED

MINERAL SANDS
Ore Reserves
The table below details the total Mineral Sands Reserves estimated as at 31 December 2010.

Commodity

Operation1

% 
attribut-
able to 
Exxaro2

Reserve 
category

ROM 
(Mt)3

2010

2009

Grade

Total heavy mineral (THM) composition

% 
THM

% 
Ilmenite

% 
Zircon

% 
Rutile

% 
Leuco-
xene

ROM 
(Mt)3

Grade

Total heavy mineral (THM) composition

% 
THM

% 
Ilmenite

% 
Zircon

% 
Rutile

% 
Leuco-
xene

Life of
Mine Plan
(LoMP)
(Years)

% 
change

100

Proved

11,6

6,37

54,89

6,88

3,90

2,02

18,9

7,03

56,19

7,25

3,98

1,99

Mineral Sands
KwaZulu-Natal

Hillendale  
mine5 (OC)
(including 
Braeburn and 
Braeburn 
Extension)

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources in LoMP4

Fairbreeze 
A+B+C+ C Ext 
and D6

(OC)

100

Proved

Probable

TOTAL

Mineral Sands
Limpopo 

Inferred Resources in LoMP4

Gravelotte sand 

100

Proved

(OC)

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources in LoMP4

Mineral Sands
Western Cape

Namakwa Sands 
mine7

(OC)

100

Proved

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources in LoMP4

Australia

Tiwest

50

Proved

–  Cooljarloo (OC)8

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources in LoMP4

– Jurien (OC)

50

Proved

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources in LoMP4

– Dongara (OC)

(prospecting)

50

Proved

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources in LoMP4

–

6,37

–

54,89

7,74

5,02

7,24

13,0

–

13,0

12,67

9,87

10,50

2,3

2,1

2,2

–

7,9

7,9

7,3

–

7,3

62,73

56,19

61,54

85,0

–

85,0

28,57

28,06

28,19

59,2

57,7

58,9 

–

54,0

54,0

48,6

–

48,6

–

6,88

8,52

7,81

8,39

N/A

–

N/A

8,45

6,38

6,95

9,2

9,8

9,4 

–

10,0

10,0

10,1

–

10,1

–

3,90

3,46

3,29

3,43

N/A

–

N/A

2,05

1,72

1,81

5,1

4,8

5,0

–

6,8

6,8

7,0

–

7,0

–

2,02

1,71

1,50

1,67

N/A

–

N/A

4,50

4,05

4,19

2,8

3,4

2,9

–

2,3

2,3

2,0

–

2,0

–

18,9

–

7,03

–

56,19

161,1

20,4

181,5

52,4

–

52,4

393,6

120,0

513,6

93,3

17,0

110,3

–

15,7

15,7

29,5

–

29,5

6,64

4,16

6,36

13,0

–

13,0

8,96

6,94

8,34

2,7

2,7

2,7

–

7,9

7,9

7,3

–

7,3

60,39

49,04

59,11

85,0

–

85,0

35,49

32,85

34,77

60,6

56,0

58,1 

–

54,0

54,0

48,6

–

48,6

–

7,25

8,19

7,36

8,09

N/A

–

N/A

8,15

7,49

7,55

8,8

13,4

9,0 

–

10,0

10,0

10,1

–

10,1

–

3,98

3,43

2,69

3,34

N/A

–

N/A

2,23

2,16

2,16

4,6

5,2

4,5

–

6,8

6,8

7,0

–

7,0

–

1,99

1,65

2,07

1,70

N/A

–

N/A

4,58

4,18

4,56

3,0

2,8

2,9

–

2,3

2,3

2,0

–

2,0

(38,6)

1,5

(23)

10

0

11

14,5

20

163,2

12

0

0

5,2

9,8

–

11,6

–

114,3

25,4

139,6

3,0

52,4

–

52,4

–

133,1

454,8

587,9

109

232,3

58,0

290,3

–

–

15,7

15,7

–

29,5

–

29,5

–

% THM – per cent total heavy minerals
Rounding off of figures may cause computational discrepancies.
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained.
Reserves quoted are inclusive of reported Mineral Resources unless otherwise stated.

1  Mining method: OC – open-cut, UG – underground.
3  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt.
4  Inferred Resources in Life of Mine Plan (LoMP) refer to Inferred Resources considered for the Life of Mine Plan.
5  The decrease of ~7,3Mt is the result of mining depletion. Resource of 18,2Mt is not converted to Reserve mainly because of infrastructure. 
6  The decrease of ~41Mt is mainly the result of a change in cut-off grade and movements within the resource categories. 
7  The increase of 74Mt is primarily due to a review of the economic assumptions resulting in the inclusion of material previously regarded as uneconomical. The 

East OFS Reserve (~180Mt) has been moved to the Probable Reserve category until further technical studies have been concluded. 

8  The increase of 180Mt is the result of the positive change in the resource base and the implementation of a new larger, lower-grade pit shell based on reviewed 

economic assumptions. 

74 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

BASE METALS
Mineral Resources
The table below details the total inclusive Base Metal Resources estimated as at 31 December 2010.

Commodity

Operation1

Base Metals
Namibia

Rosh Pinah mine 

(zinc and lead)

(UG)

2010

2009

% 
attribut-
able to 
Exxaro2

Resource 
category

Tonnes 
(million)3

Grade

50,04 Measured

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

Mt

4,2

5,2

2,9

12,3

% Zn

9,16

6,94

5,72

7,42

% Pb

2,12

2,29

0,99

1,92

Tonnes 
(million)3

Mt

4,2

5,8

1,7

11,7

2010

2009

% Zn

8,51

6,66

4,81

7,06

Commodity

Base Metals
Northern Cape

Resource 
category

Tonnes 
(million)3

Grade

Tonnes 
(million)3

% 
attribut-
able to 
Exxaro2

Operation1

Black Mountain Mining 

– Deeps & Broken Hill4, 5

26 Measured

(zinc, lead, copper and silver)

(UG)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

– Swartberg4, 6

26 Measured

(zinc,lead,copper and silver)

(UG)

Indicated

Inferred

TOTAL

Mt

3,7

6,0

9,6

19,3

–

16,4

31,9

48,3

Commodity

Operation1

% 
attribut-
able to 
Exxaro2

Resource 
category

Tonnes 
(million)3

– Gamsberg North4, 7

26 Measured

(zinc)

(OC)

Indicated

Inferred

Mt

43,3

57,5

53,3

TOTAL

154,1

% Zn

% Pb

% Cu

Ag g/t

3,57

3,92

2,60

3,20

–

2,91

2,73

2,79

0,38

0,49

0,53

0,49

–

0,64

0,67

0,66

41,17

56,99

24,85

37,96

–

35,4

32,2

33,3

2,67

3,09

2,75

2,84

–

0,68

0,65

0,66

Grade

% Zn

7,09

6,47

5,39

6,27

Mt

7,2

5,8

7,3

20,3

–

17,3

24,5

41,8

Tonnes 
(million)3

Mt

43,3

57,5

53,3

154,1

Grade

% Zn

% Pb

% Cu

3,16

3,02

2,26

2,80

–

2,87

2,79

2,82

0,37

0,45

0,73

0,52

–

0,70

0,61

0,65

2,74

2,10

2,95

2,63

–

0,63

0,68

0,66

Grade

% Zn

7,09

6,47

5,39

6,27

Grade

% 
change

% Pb

2,15

1,81

0,81

1,79

Ag g/t

38,50

44,69

25,94

35,78

–

35,0

41,0

39,0

5,4

% 
change

(5)

15

% 
change

0

% Zn – percent zinc, % Cu – percent copper, % Pb – percent lead, Ag g/t – grams per tonne silver
Mineral Resources are quoted inclusive of Mineral Resources that have been modified to Ore Reserves unless otherwise stated. 
Rounding off of figures may cause computational discrepancies.
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained.

1  Mining method: OC – open-cut, UG – underground.
2  Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2010 only.
3  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt.
4  Figures received from Anglo American and were not audited by Exxaro.
5  Resources quoted are in addition to reported Ore Reserves. Broken Hill and the Deeps Mineral Resources are combined for reporting purposes as both deposits 

are geologically connected and make use of the same mining infrastructure. 

6  Mine was placed on care and maintenance in 2007. No Ore Reserves, all remaining resources are declared. The increase is the result of a re-evaluation of the 

cut-off and the use of updated 2010 economic assumptions. 

7  Mineral Resources were formerly referred to as Gamsberg. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 75

REVIEW OF MINERAL RESOURCES AND RESERVES 
CONTINUED

BASE METALS
Ore Reserves
The table below details the total Base Metal Reserves estimated as at 31 December 2010.

2010

2009

ROM (Mt)3

Grade

Saleable product

Grade

Saleable product

3,7

2,8

6,5

–

% Zn

9,10

7,13

8,25

% Pb

1,97

2,06

2,01

2010

zinc metal 
(x 1 000t)

lead metal 
(x 1 000t)

ROM (Mt)3

336,0

198,9

535,0

72,8

57,5

130,3

2,8

2,0

4,8

% Zn

10,25

7,91

9,26

% Pb

2,50

1,68

2,16

2009

zinc metal 
(x 1 000t)

lead metal 
(x 1 000t)

% 
change

Life of
Mine Plan
(LoMP)
(Years)

281,8

158,4

440,2

68,7

33,8

102,5

36

9,5

ROM 
(Mt)3

% 
attribut-
able to 
Exxaro2

Reserve 
category

Grade

Saleable product

ROM 
(Mt)3

Grade

Saleable product

% Zn

% Pb

% Cu

Ag g/t

zinc 
metal 
(x 1 000t)

lead 
metal 
(x 1 000t)

copper 
metal 
(x 1 000t)

silver 
metal (t)

% Zn

% Pb

% Cu

Ag g/t

zinc 
metal 
(x 1 000t)

lead 
metal 
(x 1 000t)

copper 
metal 
(x 1 000t)

silver 
metal (t)

% 
change

Life of
Mine Plan
(LoMP)
(Years)

26

Proved

3,6

2,75

3,76

0,33

41,07

98,5

134,9

11,8

147,3

4,9

3,52

3,64

0,38

42,51

171,2

176,6

18,5

206,8

% 
attribut-
able to 
Exxaro2

Reserve 
category

Commodity Operation1

Base Metals
Namibia (zinc 
and lead)

Rosh Pinah 
mine5 (UG)

50,04

Proved

Probable

TOTAL

Inferred Resources inside LoMP4

Commodity Operation1

Base 
Metals
Northern 
Cape (zinc, 
lead, copper 
and silver)

Black 
Mountain 
mining 

Deeps6 (UG)

Probable

TOTAL

3,27

3,01

2,80

3,28

0,43

0,38

47,47

44,27

117,1

215,6

100,3

235,1

15,4

27,2

170,0

317,3

2,8

7,7

2,03

2,97

2,64

3,27

0,41

0,39

50,41

45,43

57,4

74,7

228,5

251,6

11,6

30,0

142,6

349,5

(7)

8

3,6

7,2

9,6

Inferred Resources inside LoMP4

% Zn – percent zinc, % Cu – percent copper, % Pb – percent lead, Ag g/t – grams per tonne silver, N/A – not applicable
Reserves quoted are inclusive of reported Mineral Resources unless otherwise stated.
Rounding off of figures may cause computational discrepancies.
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained.

1  Mining method: OC – open-cut, UG – underground.
2  Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2010 only.
3  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt.
4  Inferred Resources in Life of Mine Plan (LoMP) refer to Inferred Resources considered for the Life of Mine Plan.
5  The decrease of mining depletion (~0,7Mt) was offset by an increase of ~2,4Mt due to a change in the resource base and revised economic assumptions resulting 

in a net increase of 1,7Mt. 

6  Figures received from Anglo American and not audited by Exxaro. Reserves quoted are exclusive of reported Mineral Resources. 

76 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Mineral sand mines and projects in KwaZulu-Natal

Base metal and industrial mineral mines in Southern Africa

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 77

SAFETY

Disclosure on management 
approach
Keeping our people safe
Our safety and sustainable development 

incremental  target  of  improving  safety 

awareness,  varied  safety  competency 

performance  by  30%  each  year.  This  is 

and non-adherence to corporate safety 

measured  by 

the 

lost-time 

injury 

standards. Collectively, these may result 

frequency  rate  —  or  LTIFR,  a  standard  in 

in  the  perception  of  Exxaro  being  an 

governance model begins with meeting 

the mining industry. 

unsafe  business  —  a  perception  that 

carries material risk to our sustainability. 

legislative  requirements  as  a  minimum 

standard.  Sophisticated  risk  manage-

ment  systems  and  processes  are 

then  modelled  around  key  risks  for 

implementation  at  operational  level.  A 

risk-based  approach  also  informs  the 

way resources are allocated and used in 

the  group  to  ensure  ongoing  progress 

towards and beyond legal compliance. 

Every  lost-time  injury  is  investigated  by 

Accordingly,  we  have  developed  a 

the relevant business unit manager, while 

timeline (opposite) to Exxaro’s desirable 

all 

fatalities  are 

investigated  by  a 

state that includes: 

committee  with  the  appropriate  skills, 

>   Zero fatalities

headed  by  an 

independent  chairman. 

>   Zero lost-time injuries

These are reported to the board and Exco. 

>   Hazard 

identification 

and 

risk 

Each business unit tracks its adherence to 

assessments (HIRA)

standards  and 

legislation  through  a 

>   Visible felt leadership as a key driver 

programme  of  self-assessments  and 

of safety excellence in Exxaro

To  ensure  effective  communication, 

corporate audits.

>   Zero repeat incidents

Exxaro’s official language is English. All 

formal  communication  takes  place  in 

English,  while  remaining  sensitive  to 
local  conditions.  Fanakalo  (the  hybrid 

language  traditionally  used  in  South 

African  mines)  is  not  encouraged  and 

no  training  and  development  takes 

We  aim  to  achieve  this  target  through 

Exxaro  also  has  a  policy  detailing  the 

stringent  application  of  management 
protocols,  programmes  and  systems. 

approach  to  identifying,  preparing  for 
and responding to emergency situations 

Formal  management-worker  health  and 

affecting  employees  and  surrounding 

safety  committees  are  in  place  at  all 

communities.  This  spans  all  known 

operations, and meet regularly to ensure 

types of emergency including fire, flood, 

place in that language.

we reach our targets.

bomb threats, etc. Emergency situations 

that have occurred in recent years have 

Our  ultimate 

target  remains  zero 

injuries  and,  therefore,  zero  fatalities. 

To  reach  this  goal,  we  have  an 

The  2009  strategic  review  of  our  safety 

been  well  handled,  demonstrating  the 

practices  highlighted  key  risks  facing  our 

effectiveness  of  both  policy  and 

group, 

particularly 

limited 

hazard 

training. 

78 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Safety 
During the reporting period, no fines or sanctions for non-compliance with safety and health laws and regulations were imposed on any 

Exxaro operation. 

2009  

2010-2011 

CEO Safety Summit outcomes: 

Review priorities 

1   Set up task teams to address focus 

1   Review safety improvement plans 

areas 

(SIPs)

√

√

2012-2015 

Review priorities 

1   Annual CEO safety summit to 

challenge safety performance

2   Develop safety communication 

2   Set up and train peer review teams

2   Annual revision of SIPs

strategy 

3   Consistent disciplinary code applied 

3   Conduct group-wide peer reviews to 

3   Periodic peer reviews 

equally across all levels

promote implementation of SIPs

4   Revised HIRA standard to be 

4   SIP progress reports every quarter

understood and applied by all

5   Revised visible felt leadership 

5   CEO safety summits 2010 to discuss 

standard consistently applied across 

progress and challenges

Exxaro

6   Safety improvement plans as a result 

6   Continue benchmarking and 

of first summit

sourcing best practices  

7   Standardised incident investigation 

7   Develop competency on revised 

process

HIRA standard

√

√

√

√

4   Develop competency on revised 

HIRA standard

Flying the safety flag
Since  May  2010,  every  Exxaro 
operation has flown a ‘safe day’ flag 
for  each  day  without  a  lost-time 
injury.  These  highly  visible  flagpoles 
keep  safety  awareness  high  and 
celebrate  every  day  without  injury. 
In 
this 
the  eight  months  of 
campaign,  flags  were  raised  on 
205 of 245 working days — reflecting 
a safety-day rate of 84% at Exxaro.

Safety targets
Exxaro  has  committed  R60  million 
over five years (2009-2013) to achieve 
its safety targets:
>   Zero  fatalities  —  actual  for  2010  is 

two fatalities

>   0,21  lost-time  injury  frequency  rate 
per 200 000 hours for 2010; annual 
improvement  of  30%  —  actual  for 
2010 0,25

Highlights
>   Actual  LTIFR  of  0,25  is  an  annual 

improvement  of  24%,  below  the  target 

>   North  Block  Complex  achieved  20  000 

fatality-free shifts in November 2010
>   Arnot  engineers  developed  a  remote 

of 30% but steady progress

>   Namakwa  Sands  wins  NOSA  Top  100 

Mining  Companies  safety  award  for 

device  that  enables  electricians  to 

switch oil circuit breakers from at least 

20m  away  —  a  safety  innovation  with 

third  consecutive  year,  competing 

group-wide application.

against 

over 

120 

international 

companies  using 

the  NOSA  SHE 

management system

>   KZN  Sands’  Hillendale  shift  C  and 

residue  dam  B  teams  have  maintained 

their  outstanding  safety  records  since 

2001  (zero  fatalities  and  zero  lost-time 

injuries) 

>   Namakwa Sands’ smelter reached 1 134 

LTI-free days by year end

>   Namakwa  Sands’  separation  plants 

Safety summits
In  2009  Exxaro  initiated  its  group-wide 

CEO  Safety  Summits  under  the  theme 

Safety  Always,  All  the  Way.  These  bi-

annual  summits 

involve  a  range  of 

stakeholders to identify key areas that will 

make  a  tangible  difference  to  safety 

performance:  consequence  management, 

safety training, culture (the Exxaro safety 

way 

of 

life),  mini-HIRA 

(hazard 

celebrated one year without a lost-time 

identification  and  risk  assessment)  and 

injury  in  June  2010  and  reached  569 

communication. 

days by year end 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 79

SAFETY CONTINUED

Safety improvement plans in action
Following the 2009 safety summits, Exxaro’s safety programme, Safety Always All The Way, was launched across the group in 2010. 
Since then, the people of Exxaro have been flying their Safe Day flags high, and monitoring and measuring their progress each step 
of the way.

The people of Exxaro are flying the safety flag high, celebrating every “Safe Day” 
(LTI-free day) by hoisting safety symbol flags at operations countrywide.

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

h
t
n
o
m

r
e
p
s
y
a
d
e
f
a
s
%

25 Safe 
Days

25 Safe 
Days

26 Safe 
Days

26 Safe 
Days

24 Safe 
Days

23 Safe 
Days

26 Safe 
Days

28 Safe 
Days

27 Safe 
Days

23 Safe 
Days

May 
2010

June 
2010

Jul 
2010

Aug 
2010

Sept 
2010

Oct 
2010

Nov 
2010

Dec 
2010

Jan 
2011

Feb 
2011

Health and hygiene
Occupational health hazards affect a large number of workers globally — the ILO estimates that some 200 000 workers globally lose 
their lives at work and 68-157 million new cases of occupational diseases occur from various exposures in the workplace. In South 
Africa, the Department of Mineral Resources reported 177 fatalities but over 10 000 cases of occupational diseases in the mining 
industry in 2008. In 2009, this proportion had changed to 167 fatalities but over 8 000 cases of occupational diseases. Importantly, 
deaths due to these diseases will often occur several years after the employee has left the industry. At Exxaro, the trend of more 
occupational diseases than fatalities each year is similar but not nearly as pronounced: 
>   In 2008, 22 occupational diseases and five fatalities 
>   In 2009, 26 occupational diseases and four fatalities.

Healthy employees are essential for a safe workplace. Because the health effects of workplace hazards on an employee may only 
manifest years after initial exposure, it is important that every employee is made aware of his/her role in preventing occupational 
diseases, their impact and the means to mitigate the effects of potential exposure to workplace hazards. 

Accordingly, Exxaro employees are made aware of hazards in the work environment, and the risk they pose to employee health: 
>   Health risks are identified; quantified and monitored through a ventilation and occupational hygiene surveillance programme
>   Monitor health through the medical surveillance programme, to check that people are in good health 
>   Employees are: 
  —  encouraged to be vigilant about conditions that could affect their own safety and health or that of their colleagues
  —  provided with information on the health implications of exposure to the risk
  —  made aware of measures that should be taken for them to maintain their health.
>   The exposure risk to workplace hazards is managed through a hierarchy of controls by: 
  —  eliminating the hazard at source 
  —  substituting the equipment that generates the hazard 
  —  controlling levels of exposure by either moving employees out of the work area or providing personal protective equipment.

Employees are also made aware of the contribution of occupational diseases to the quality of life and loss of potential income and are 
encouraged to comply with mitigation measures in place in the workplace.

Environment
Sustainable development issues are central to Exxaro’s business, particularly the use of natural resources like water, air, biodiversity 
and land. Using these responsibly means:
>   Ensuring all activities are properly authorised
>   Using energy and water as efficiently as possible
>   Ensuring activities are conducted responsibly, from the twin perspectives of compliance and natural resource use.

80 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
With the support of government, Chamber 

subsequently  developed  and  introduced 

of Mines and Exxaro’s recognised unions, 

at Arnot uses initial/early examination to 

this focus on safety is producing tangible 

combat problems experienced with fall-of-

benefits.  By  year  end,  five  business  units 

ground incidents and is yielding impressive 

had worked for 12 months without a lost-

results.  Since  its  implementation,  Arnot 

time injury (LTI) and the group LTIFR had 

has  recorded  no  lost-time  injuries  from 

improved by 24% (page 82). 

falls  of  ground,  while  production  is  up 

Following on the CEO Safety Summit held 

in  April  2010, 

the  Exxaro 

safety 

Safety achievements

over 20% post training.

improvement  plan  was  rolled  out  to  all 

business  units.  This  plan  focuses  on 

training  VFL  change  champions  (change 

through 

visible 

felt 

leadership), 

communicating  Exxaro’s  zero-tolerance 

safety rules, rolling out the safety training 

Grootegeluk 

Inyanda

matrix,  safety  communication  guidelines 

Matla mine 2

and  mini  hazard  identification  and  risk 

Matla coal operations

assessments (HIRA). This programme will 

continue  in  2011,  supplemented  by  the 
introduction  of  health,  environment  and 

related issues to enhance awareness and 

participation.

Matla mine 3

Tshikondeni 

Arnot Coal

New Clydesdale

Matla mine 1

One  of 

the  most  notable 

safety 

Matla central

performances  of  the  review  period  came 

North Block Complex 

Fatality-free 

production 

shifts

1 000

1 000

1 000

1 000

2 000

2 000

5 000

5 000

8 000

10 000

19 000

Case study — No injuries for 
1 000 days at Namakwa Sands 
In  December,  Namakwa  Sands’ 
smelter  reached  a  major  safety 
milestone  of  1  134  days  without  a 
lost-time  injury.  This  is  especially 
significant  considering  a  complete 
furnace reline and two partial relines 
were  under  way  at  the  same  time. 
Also  under  construction  were  a 
product  storage  shed,  residue  dam 
and new fume-extraction plant. 

All  these  activities  involved  large 
numbers of contractors in addition to 
inherent  risks  of  a  smelter 
the 
environment  (where  molten  metal  is 
tapped at 1 600°C, carbon monoxide 
gas  is  released  during  the  tapping 
process  and  large  mobile  machinery 
is used in the smelting operation).

The 
smelter’s  previous  LTI-free 
record  was  486  days,  reflecting 
benefits  of  the  current  and  ongoing 
focus on safety.

Case study — Safety at Namakwa Sands 
Until recently, the high moisture content of material on the mill stockpile at Namakwa 
Sands’ west mine presented a serious safety risk in the form of mud rushes. Other 
potential risks included loss of production and equipment damage.

To address this, a project team developed and constructed a new oversize screening 
system. Screening out oversize material (+30mm) allows this to bypass the run-of-
mine stockpile and regular screens, and feed directly into the oversize stockpile. 

Construction started in January 2010, and the first feed went through in July. The 
regular screens are now more efficient, and Exxaro’s engineers estimate that only 
7%  of  the  moisture  is  now  discharged  into  the  mill  stockpile  versus  15%  before. 
Slurry rushes inside and outside the mill feed tunnel have been eliminated and the 
mill can now be fed safely and continuously.

The project was completed without a single lost-time injury.

from  Namakwa  Sands,  which  was  also 

ranked  first 

in  the  Top 

100  Mining 

Companies  category  at 

the  annual 

National Occupational Safety Association 

(NOSA)  awards.  This  was  the  third 

consecutive win for Namakwa Sands, with 

its  mine  and  smelter  competing  against 

126 other international mining companies 

using NOSA SHE management systems. To 

qualify globally for entry, companies first 

have to win their regional competitions in 

which 

they  are  evaluated  on 

their 

compliance 

to 

recognised 

SHE 

management standards, legal compliance 

and  actual  performance  and  experience. 

This  is  done  during  the  annual  NOSA 

grading  audit  conducted  at  all  Exxaro’s 

Namakwa 

Sands 

operations 

and 

companies  using  the  same  management 

system.

Equally  notable,  Exxaro’s  Arnot  was 

selected  as  the  pilot  site  for  the  South 

African  coal  sector  as  part  of  the 

mining industry’s occupational safety and 

health  (MOSH)  fall-of-ground  initiative. 

The  customised 

training 

intervention 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 81

SAFETY CONTINUED

Challenges
Although  key  risks  differ  by  operation, 

LTIFR

Exxaro’s  major  challenges  are  vehicle 

incidents, energy and machinery isolation, 

and  risk  awareness  and  discipline  at  all 

levels.  Skills  shortages  exacerbate  these 

challenges  and,  accordingly,  the  group 

concentrates  on  ensuring 

sufficient 

trained people are in place (page 124).

Improving safety performance extends to 

contractors  at  all  Exxaro  operations  as 

part of a formal programme: 

>   Contractors  are  managed  as  part  of 

Exxaro’s workforce

>   Adherence  to  corporate  contractor 

management  standards  is  enforced  by 

each operation’s contractor manager

>   Monthly inspections ensure compliance

>   Induction and medical examinations are 

required  by  all  contractors  before 

starting work

>   Contractors participate in monthly SHE 

meetings at operations.

Safety statistics
Exxaro set a target of zero fatalities, and 

an LTIFR (per 200 000 hours worked) of 

0,21  for  2010.  Despite  a  steady  reduction 

in  the  LTIFR  from  0,52  in  2005,  actual 

d
e
k
r
o
w
s
r
u
o
h
0
0
0
0
0
2

0,5

0,4

0,3

0,2

0,1

0

Fatalities

5

4

3

2

1

0

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

performance  was  0,25  in  2010.  This  is  a 

Tshikondeni  in  March  2010  when  he  was 

With all but three operations certified, the 

record 24% improvement on the LTIFR of 

caught  between  two  vehicles  in  a  towing 

focus  now  shifts  to  maintaining  and 

0,33  in  2009.  In  risk-specific  terms,  the 

process.  In  June  2010,  an  employee  was 

improving these standards.

leading  cause  of  injury  was  lifting  and 

injured  in  a  fall  of  ground,  and  passed 

materials  handling.  The  safety  of  our 

away 

in  December  2010.  An  autopsy 

Notably,  Exxaro  Reductants  received 

people  remains 

fundamental 

to  our 

report from an independent pathologist is 

integrated  ISO  and  OHSAS  accreditation 

business,  and  we  will  not  rest  until  we 

awaited 

to  determine  whether  he 

for  environment, 

risk  and  quality 

achieve our safety goals through collective 

succumbed  to  injuries  as  a  result  of  this 

standards. While ISO 14001 (environment) 

responsibility,  commitment  and  ongoing 

accident.  These  cases  were  thoroughly 

and  OHSAS  18001  (occupational  health 

focus. 

investigated,  and  the 

lessons 

learned 

and  safety)  are  corporate  requirements, 

incorporated into our safety programmes 

the  Reductants  team  believed  it  was 

The  fatality  frequency  rate  per  million 

to create an injury-free work environment

equally important to be accredited to the 

manhours  worked 

in  2010  was  a 

commendable  0,04,  compared  to  0,07  in 

2009.  Our  target  remains  zero,  as  no 

ISO/OHSAS certification
In 2010, another operation obtained both 

ISO  9001  (quality)  standard.  This  was  a 

singular  achievement,  given  that  plant 

commissioning  occurred  in  parallel  with 

death  is  acceptable.  Despite  excellent 

international 

health 

and 

safety 

accreditation processes.

safety performances at several mines, we 

accreditation 

(OHSAS 

18001) 

and 

regrettably lost a contractor employee at 

environmental  accreditation  (ISO  14001). 

82 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
HEALTH AND HYGIENE

Keeping our people healthy
Occupational health services aim to 

>   Monitoring and evaluation

The  occupational  health  hazards  to 

>   Consultation,  information,  instruction 

which  most  Exxaro  employees  are 

protect and promote workers’ safety, 

and training

health  and  wellbeing,  improve  their 

>   Continuous improvement.

working  conditions  and  working 

exposed are noise and dust, and this is 

reflected  in  the  occupational  disease 

profile.  Newly  diagnosed  cases  are 

environment.

Business units identify, rank and quantify 

submitted 

to 

the 

compensation 

their 

risks, 

and 

then 

implement 

authorities  for  confirmation  that  they 

Industry 

statistics 

show 

that 

programmes  to  mitigate  the 

impact. 

are work-related, and serve as an early 

occupational  diseases  account 

for 

Workplace  exposures  are 

linked 

to 

indicator  of  the  possible  occupational 

around  50  times  more  cases  than 

individuals and this forms the basis of the 

disease  burden.  Accepted  cases  are 

safety-related  fatalities. 

In  addition, 

medical surveillance programme. 

awarded compensation.

occupational diseases are often slow to 

manifest and long lasting, underscoring 

the  importance  of  proactive  initiatives 

to keep workforces healthy.

In  line  with  our  drive  to  achieve  zero 

harm, our vision for health is to have a 

work environment that has no adverse 
health  effects  on  our  employees  and 

affected  communities. 

In  2010,  we 

reviewed  our  health  and  hygiene 

strategic  framework  to  improve  our 

proactive  management  of  health.  We 

also  updated  our  reporting  framework 

Health & Hygiene Strategic Framework

5. Consultation, 
Information, 
Instruction & 
Training

REVIEW
EVIE
REEVIEW
ting

r
o
p
e

R

hemical

he
C
C

R e porting

1. Identification & 
Classification of 
Risks

P

h

y

PLAPLAAAN
PLAN
ANP

s

i

c

a

l

(cid:136)(cid:3) (cid:3)Chemical 
Burns
(cid:136)(cid:3) (cid:3)Vapour 

Exposed 
Diseases

(cid:136)(cid:3) TB
(cid:136)(cid:3) (cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:71)(cid:71)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:87)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:69)(cid:3)
(cid:52)(cid:83)(cid:77)(cid:87)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:77)(cid:82)(cid:75)

(cid:136)(cid:3) HIV/AIDS
(cid:136)(cid:3) Bio-hazards
(cid:136)(cid:3) Chronic Diseases
(cid:136)(cid:3) TB
(cid:136)(cid:3) (cid:3)Other 

Communicable 
Diseases

R

e

p

o
r
t
i
n
g

2. Assessment 

Assess
Su
& Surveillance

to help us track the implementation of 

4. Monitoring  
& Evaluation

our strategy. 

The  diagram  shows  the  stressors  to 

which  our  employees  are  exposed  and 

the  health  conditions  that  may  arise. 

Managing these issues spans:

>   Identifying and classifying risks
>   Assessment and surveillance

>   Prevention and control of risks

R

e

p

o

rting

(cid:136)(cid:3) NIHL
(cid:136)(cid:3) Lung Diseases
(cid:136)(cid:3) Thermal Stress
(cid:136)(cid:3) Fatigue
(cid:136)(cid:3) Radiation

Biological

3. Prevention and/or 
Control of Risks
DO

R e p orting

(cid:55)(cid:88)(cid:86)(cid:73)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:83)(cid:86)(cid:87)

(cid:39)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:77)(cid:88)(cid:77)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:87)

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 83

HEALTH AND HYGIENE CONTINUED

2009  
1   Status report on noise and 

2010-2011 
1   Review priorities 

Status
Strategy revised

2012-2015 
1   Review priorities 

dust-control programmes 

2   50% VCT 

2   Track cases with >5% loss 

Implemented

2   No cases >10% NIHL

of hearing (shift from 

baseline) 

3   A total of 200 peer 

3   Reduce percentage of 

In progress

3   >80% VCT;  

educators trained

employees exposed to OEL 

dust and fumes 

>70% retention on 

treatment programme

4   Implement TB standard at 

4   70% VCT and 50% 

38% retention on treatment 

4   >85% TB cases complete 

three business units 

retention on treatment 

programme

treatment

programme

5   TB treatment provided at 

2011 audit to assess 

5   Reduce new HIV infections 

50% of business units 

implementation

by 5% 

6   Occupational risk and 

Under development

6   Reduce indirect costs due 

exposure profiling standard

7   Baseline study of indirect 

In progress

costs of HIV/Aids 

8   Awareness campaign on 

In progress

noise, dust and thermal 

stress at all business units  

to HIV/Aids by 5% from 

baseline 

Health and hygiene targets

statistics 

team include:

>   Reduce 

NIHL 

(noise-induced 

>   Reached  our  target  of  a  70%  testing 

>   Training occupational hygienists on the 

>   Developed  standard  for  reporting  and 

management. Projects undertaken by this 

hearing loss) to less than 10% loss 

rate for HIV.

use  of  the  hearing  protection  device 

tool  developed  by  MOSH  (page  86)  to 

of hearing (shift from baseline) per 

individual by 2013

>   Reduce  compensation  costs  for 

occupational diseases

>   Reduce incidence of HIV

>   Raise  awareness  of  health  and 

hygiene programme.

Highlights
>   Interdisciplinary  approach  to  health 

management implemented

>   Pilot  site  Matla  reduced  dust  levels  by 

40%  in  a  MOSH  project  that  will  be 

rolled  out  to  other  sites  and  by  other 

companies 

in  the  mining 

industry 

(page 86)

>   Introduced  early  reporting  of  noise-

induced  hearing 

loss  to  proactively 

identify and minimise noise exposure to 

employees  and  enable  Exxaro  to  track 

the  effectiveness  of 

its 

control 

programmes

>   Revised corporate standard for medical 

surveillance

Acknowledging  that  collaboration  across 

assist  in  selecting  appropriate  devices 

departments 

is  essential 

for  health 

for various employee categories

and  hygiene 

initiatives 

to  succeed, 

>   Refresher  training  on  reading  X-rays 

during  the  year  Exxaro  formalised  its 

to 

identify  early  markers  of 

lung 

interdisciplinary  approach 

to  health 

diseases

management  in  a  forum  represented  by 

>   Developing  procurement  guidelines  for 

technology, 

information  management, 

selecting  equipment  based  on  noise 

human 

resources  and  supply  chain 

levels. 

Medical aid

Production changes

Employment benefits

Candidates/recruits

HHHHuman 
Humann
rerereeesosososososooururururururu cecececececessssss
resources

New positions

Absenteeism

HHHealth and 
eae ltth annnnndddddd
hyhyhyhyyygigigigigigigieneneneneneneneeeeee
hygiene

Transfers

Sick notes

Wellness

Contractors

Contractors

PPE

Equipment

Chemicals

New area

MiMine Mine
plplplplllanananananananninininininingngngngngng
plppp anningggg

PPPrPrPrPrPrPrPrPPrPPrrococococococococococcocococurururururururururururururururu ememememememememememememememememeeneneneneneneneneneneneeneeentttttttttttt
PProcuremennt

New processes

PPrPrPrPrPrPrPrPrPPrPPrrojojojojojojojojojojojojojojojjjececececececececeeceeceeececttttstststsstststststs
Projects

Collaboration across departments essential for health and hygiene to be a success

84 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Reporting standards
Exxaro  has  finalised  a  new  management 

standard on health and hygiene reporting 

criteria across the group. In terms of this 

>   Assessing 

the  health 

status  of 

employees  by 

regularly  collecting 

relevant  health  information  to  detect 

adverse  health  effects  at  the  earliest 

Meeting mining sector targets
Dust  and  noise-reduction  targets  set  by 

the  mining  industry  aim  to  reduce  the 

number  of  NIHL  and  silicosis  cases.  This 

standard, business units will report to the 

opportunity  and  ensure  continued 

depends on: 

executive  committee  monthly,  quarterly 

fitness to work

>   Minimising  noise  and  dust  exposure  to 

and  annually  on  key  health  and  hygiene 

>   Enabling  management 

to 

take 

below  occupational  exposure 

levels 

issues including noise, airborne pollutants, 

appropriate and timely corrective action 

(OEL)

hazardous  chemicals, 

thermal  stress, 

to  safeguard  the  health  and  wellbeing 

>   Reducing  the  time  spent  by  employees 

fatigue,  biological  hazards  and  radiation. 

of employees

in noisy and dusty areas 

Detailed  monthly  reports  will  provide  a 

>   Improving 

risk  management 

by 

>   Proper  use  of  personal  protective 

holistic  view  of  health  and  hygiene 

identifying  adverse  health  effects 

equipment. 

standards and trends across the group. 

among  employee  groups  exposed  to 

similar 

occupational 

hazards 

Initiatives to reduce noise include: 

This  will  enable  management  to  more 

(homogeneous exposure groups)

>   Enclosing machines with open cabins 

effectively  monitor  the  risk  identification 

>   Enabling employees to be fully informed 

>   Boxing work benches

and  assessment  process,  comply  with 

of  the  risks  associated  with  their  work 

>   Installing silencers on auxiliary fans

legislation and reporting requirements for 

and procedures to minimise those risks 

>   Training.

listed 

companies, 

and 

track 

the 

implementation  of  programmes  against 
set targets. 

and prevent occupational diseases

>   Identifying  occupational  disease  from 

previous  and  current  occupational 

Initiatives to reduce dust include: 
>   Removal  of  coal  crusher  at  one  of  our 

exposure, 

and 

referring 

affected 

sites

Medical surveillance
A  new  standard  was  developed  in  2010 

covering  medical 

surveillance 

of 

employees and contractors in terms of the 

employees for confirmation of diagnosis, 

>   Extraction 

fans  at  primary  and 

treatment 

where 

appropriate, 

secondary crushers

rehabilitation and proper placement

>   Use of water in stockpile areas

>   Submitting  claims  for  compensation 

>   Dust  suppression  on  opencast  surface 

Mine Health and Safety Act (29 of 1996), 

where necessary.

roads

Occupational Diseases in Mines and Works 

Act (78 of 1993 as amended), Occupational 

Health  and  Safety  Act  (85  of  1993), 

National  Nuclear  Regulator  Act  (47  of 

1999)  and  Compensation  for  Injuries  and 

Diseases Act (130 of 1993).

>   Increased  ventilation  in  underground 

As  per 

legislative 

requirements,  all 

employees  and  contractors  are  required 

to  undergo  medical  surveillance  in  terms 

sections
>   Wet plants

>   Training. 

of the risk assessment. This spans:

>   Pre-employment/pre-placement 

medical examination

The objectives of Exxaro’s new risk-based 

>   Periodic medical examination

medical surveillance standard include:

>   Early detection of adverse health effects 

>   Transfer medical examination
>   Out-of-cycle medical examination 

and 

occupational 

diseases 

from 

>   Exit medical examination.

workplace exposure

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 85

HEALTH AND HYGIENE CONTINUED

Case study — Reducing dust at Matla
Exxaro’s Matla coal mine was selected as a pilot site for the mines occupational safety and health initiative, known as MOSH. Given 

that the impact of dust is a key issue in preventing silicosis in the industry, the first project at Matla focused on reducing dust both 

on surface and underground. In tandem with assessing available dust-suppression systems, Matla initiated a broad and consultative 

communication process with employees, facilitated by union representatives. 

For the surface installation, the project addressed the high dust load at the plant secondary crushers. Automatically activated, a 

micro dust-suppression system produces atomised mist that has reduced respirable and total dust levels by more than 90%.

Underground, previous measurements had indicated high dust levels in intake airways. Using a fogger dust-suppression system at 

major points and air-scrubbing technology for airways, bunkers and silos, respirable dust levels dropped over 40% while total dust 

was reduced by more than 30%.

Key lessons learned from the pilot site have industry-wide application. These range from the importance of risk assessment to 

facilitating communication by involving unions and related associations. 

Case studies
Reducing tuberculosis cases at Matla 
In 2009, 12 accepted cases of pulmonary TB were from Matla. A three-year analysis of data on results of personal coal-dust levels, 

number of TB cases (reported and accepted for compensation) and affected occupations showed a correlation between increased 

dust  exposure  levels  and  the  number  of  TB  cases.  The  analysis  also  identified  specific  problematic  work  areas  and  work  areas 

where personal dust levels were decreasing.

Actions implemented to control or reduce dust levels included: 

>   Suppression to reduce respirable dust levels
>   Investigating new technology for respirators.

In 2010, Matla also had 12 accepted cases of occupational TB. However, two of these were first reported in 2005, which means a 

20% decrease in accepted TB cases for the review period. 

Reducing cases of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) at Matla
Given that around two-thirds of NIHL cases accepted for compensation by Exxaro in 2009 were from Matla, an investigation was 

conducted to:
>   Determine the proportion of personal noise samples exceeding 85dB(A) over an eight-hour shift
>   Identify the number of noise sources and their sound levels
>   Identify the number of people exposed to these noise levels and affected occupations.

Corrective action included:
>   Identifying priority equipment for replacement
>   Supplying customised hearing protection devices to employees exposed to noise levels >90dB(A)

>   Conducting hearing conservation awareness campaign.

In 2010 improvement was evident: Matla reported no new cases of NIHL; and had two cases accepted for compensation as opposed 

to 11 cases in 2009.

86 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Occupational diseases 
Two 

pieces  of 

legislation 

of  Mines,  unions  and  Department  of 

an  early 

indicator  of 

the  possible 

govern 

Health 

respectively) 

for 

former 

occupational  disease  burden.  These 

compensation: 

Compensation 

for 

Occupational    Injuries  and  Diseases  Act 

(COIDA) and the Occupational Diseases in 

Mines  and  Works  Act  which  provides  for 

medical  benefits  for  former  employees. 

Therefore, Exxaro educates employees on 

benefits  they  can  access  in  their  own 

health management but, more importantly, 

focuses on improving their health to avoid 

unnecessary or premature loss of life.

Exxaro 

is  also  participating 

in  a  tri-

partite  initiative  (employers-employees-

government represented by the Chamber 

Cumulative occupational diseases

mineworkers to improve access to medical 

were  occupational  TB  (52);  NIHL  (12); 

benefits as envisaged by the act. Internally 

pneumoconiosis  (23);  dermatitis  (1)  and 

we  will  also  focus  on  education  and 

work-related upper-limb disease (WRULD) 

awareness  of  the  benefits  of  preventive 

(1).  Tracking  this  data  indicates  potential 

measures  in  the  workplace  for  employee 

cases  that  could  be  compensated  and 

health and wellbeing, as well as employees 

provides  an  opportunity  to  reinforce 

benefits provided for by legislation.

preventive programmes.

Reported cases are those newly diagnosed 

In  2010,  Exxaro  had  35  occupational 

and  submitted  to  the  compensation 

disease cases accepted for compensation: 

authorities  to  confirm  they  are  work 

nine of NIHL, two of pneumoconiosis, 21 of 

related  and  eligible  for  compensation.  In 

occupational  TB,  two  of  dermatitis,  and 

2010  Exxaro  reported  89  occupational 

one WRULD. The five-year trend is shown 

diseases (compared to 85 in 2009): this is 

below.

s
e
s
a
c

d
e
t
p
e
c
c
A

25

20

15

10

5

0

NHL

Pneumoniocosis

Silicosis

Occupational TB

Lung disease

Dermatitis

WRULD

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 87

 
the 

TB in South Africa
South  Africa  has 
largest 
tuberculosis (TB) burden in the world 
with  900-1 000  new  cases  per 
100  000  people  each  year.  In  this 
country, 
the  high  rate  of  HIV 
prevalence (70%) among TB patients 
contributes  to  the  death  rate  of 
people with HIV/Aids. 

The  coal-mining  industry’s  focus  on 
TB  in  recent  years  is  reflected  in 
statistics  well  below  the  industry 
level.  Of  almost  4  500  cases  of 
occupational TB reported in 2009 by 
the  mining  industry,  only  207  were 
from  collieries.  This  translates  to  a 
rate  of  345/100 000  compared  to 
900/100 000  in  the  broader  mining 
industry. 

Some 10 000 new cases of multidrug-
resistant TB occur each year in South 
Africa  —  indicating  failure  in  the 
control of TB. Although treatment is 
available  at  primary  healthcare 
facilities,  resource  constraints  and 
other  social  issues  make  treatment 
supervision  and  follow-up  difficult. 
The Chamber of Mines has initiated a 
review  of  TB  programmes  in  the 
industry  and  Exxaro  will 
mining 
review its own programme in 2011 to 
assess the implementation of its own 
TB management standard.

HEALTH AND HYGIENE CONTINUED

In 2010, there was a decrease in NIHL, but 

TB  and  HIV  holistically  through  better 

no  decrease 

in  pneumoconiosis  and 

surveillance,  diagnosis,  treatment  and 

occupational  TB.  Efforts 

to 

reduce 

monitoring.  At  each  business  unit,  TB 

employees’ high noise exposure continue. 

education  initiatives  reach  employees  at 

There  is  also  increased  susceptibility  to 

least  once  a  year.  These 

include 

TB, possibly fuelled by the increase in the 

information  on  symptoms  and 

the 

number  of  individuals  with  compromised 

importance of early diagnosis for effective 

immune  systems.  There  have  been  no 

treatment. Adhering to this new standard 

cases of silicosis.

is  expected  to  reduce  the  risk  of 

developing,  contracting  and  spreading 

In  2011,  Exxaro  will  concentrate  on  a 

multiple-  and  extensively  drug-resistant 

hearing 

conservation 

programme, 

TB  in  Exxaro.  This  programme  will  be 

ensuring  each  business  unit  has  a 

reviewed in 2011.

dedicated  and  functioning  committee  to 

report and investigate incidents of hearing 

loss  above  5%  and  to  review  that  unit’s 

noise-related  procurement  policy  and 

criteria.  This  will  be  supplemented  by 

awareness  campaigns  across  the  group 

and  system 
accurate reporting.

improvements 

for  more 

Tuberculosis 
New  cases  of  non-occupational  TB 

increased from 2008 (63) to 2009 (83 out 

of  11  180  employees).  In  2010,  there  were 

30 new cases. The new TB standard issued 

for  the  group  in  2009  to  ensure  uniform 

and  comprehensive  management  of 

employees with TB has been implemented. 

This disease remains a focus for Exxaro’s 

health and hygiene team, given the scope 

Number of TB cases

100

80

60

40

20

0

2008

2009

2010

of related risks, including: 
>   Spread of TB in the communities where 

Areas for improvement that will influence 

the number of TB cases will be identified 

employees and contractors live 

from the TB programme audit conducted 

>   Significant  risk  of  co-worker  infection 

in  2011.  Ensuring  early  enrolment  of  HIV-

(10  to  18  people  are  infected  by  one 

positive  employees  onto 

the  HIV 

active TB patient) 

management programme will also ensure 

>   The high prevalence rate of HIV (which 

early 

identification  and  treatment  of 

compromises 

individual 

immune 

patients co-infected with HIV and TB.

systems)  is  a  known  risk  factor  for 

developing  TB,  therefore  TB  and  HIV/

Aids programmes need to be reinforced 

H1N1 (swine flu) 
There  was  one  recorded  case  of  H1N1  in 

>   Workplace exposure to mining dust is a 

Exxaro  in  2010  compared  to  three  cases 

contributing factor to TB.

reported  across  the  group  in  2009.  The 

individual was treated and recovered fully. 

Given the dramatic increase in TB rates in 

Exxaro  will  continue  to  monitor  and 

South Africa and in the mining industry in 

manage  potential  risks  as  the  flu  season 

recent  years,  it  is  important  to  manage 

approaches. 

88 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

HIV/Aids

Material issue — healthy people
While there is effective treatment for people infected with HIV, the disease is running 
rampant  globally,  with  two-thirds  of  the  HIV  burden  being  in  sub-Saharan  Africa. 
More than 33 million people are estimated to be living with HIV (including 2 million 
children)  —  5,7  million  of  these  are  in  South  Africa,  the  highest  prevalence  in  the 
world. Mining is one of the industries bearing the brunt of Aids-related deaths (along 
with  transport,  heavy  construction,  agriculture  and  fishing).  A  recent  report  from 
the Actuarial Society of South Africa estimates the  mining  industry’s Aids-related 
death costs at 3,4% of total salary cost. The society believes that without the rollout 
of  anti-retroviral  programmes  and  other  initiatives,  associated  insurance  claims 
could have reached R3 billion in 2010 instead of the R2,4 billion paid out. At Exxaro, 
we  have  devoted  considerable  time  and  cost  to  educating  our  people  about  this 
pandemic and the latest results are indeed encouraging. With appropriate counselling 
and support, 70% of our workforce has now been voluntarily tested and the numbers 
enrolling on treatment programmes are rising steadily. 

The prevalence of HIV/Aids across Exxaro 
is  currently  estimated  at  13%,  compared 
to 25% across the industry. At the end of 
2010, we had reached our target of a 70% 
testing rate for HIV, reflecting the impact 
of  extensive  campaigns  to  inform  and 
counsel  employees  ahead  of  testing.  Our 
target  for  2011  is  to  have  75%  of  our 
employees  participate 
voluntary 
counselling and testing. 

in 

Other initiatives include:
>   Peer  educators  are  supported  each 
month  in  sessions  for  debriefing  and 
training

>   Exxaro  has  started  a  programme  to 
destigmatise HIV/Aids in the group and 
encourage  employees  to  enrol  on  the 
HIV  management  programme  and 
access treatment timeously

>   The  projected  number  of  HIV-infected 
people  not  enrolled  on  the  treatment 
programme 
is  tracked  monthly  to 
encourage  13%  of  Exxaro  employees 
(projected  to  be  HIV  positive)  to  enrol 
on the HIV management programme. 
>   Ongoing  awareness  campaigns  help 
the 
group  employees  understand 
importance  of  their  HIV  status  and 
information  for  appropriate 
provide 
lifestyle  choices  such  as 
joining  a 
treatment  programme  or  keeping  their 
status negative. 

has 

initiated 

Community HIV programme 
Exxaro 
community 
programmes  at  Arnot,  Leeuwpan  and 
North Block Complex, which will be rolled 
out  to  three  other  sites  (Inyanda,  Matla 
and New Clydesdale) in 2011.

situational  analysis 

Following  a 
in 
communities around each of the business 
units, groups were identified for HIV/Aids 
training.  The  aim 
is  to  provide  HIV 
education  and  encourage  related  testing 
in communities around our business units 
to foster: 
>   Lower-risk lifestyles
>   Increased  access  to  available  ARV 

treatment programmes 

>   An overall reduction in HIV/Aids-related 
stigma  that  makes  it  easy  for  our 
employees  to  openly  discuss  their 
status  both  within  the  company  and 
outside, and support existing initiatives.

Arnot  has  completed  training  the  first 
group  of  35  community  peer  educators 
from the Mafube, Beestepan, Mooifontein 
and  Rietkuil  communities.  Community 
learners  were  enthusiastic  and  talked 
openly about many of the problems facing 
the  community,  including  the  difficulty  in 
talking  to  their  children  about  HIV/Aids 
issues.  For  an  HIV/Aids  programme  to 
from  all 
it  needs  support 
succeed, 

The statistics show Exxaro is making 
headway  in  its  fight  against  the 
spread  of  HIV/Aids.  Since  December 
2008: 
>   10  376  people  have  attended  HIV 

training

>   9 319 (90%) were counselled
>   8  696  (84%)  were  tested  and 

8 343 (80%) know their status

>   3  933  had  never  tested  before 

(or not in the prior two years)

>   1  163  tested  HIV  positive;  and 
583  (50%)  were  testing  for  the 
first time

>   7  483  tested  HIV  negative;  and 
3  317  (40%)  had  never  tested 
before

>   115  more  people  enrolled  onto  the 
HIV  management  programme  in 
2010, bringing the total to 448 
>   323 are on anti-retroviral treatment

stakeholders 
in  the  community  who 
represent  religious,  cultural  and  moral 
values:
>   Community  members  highlighted  the 
link  between  HIV  and  poverty,  alcohol 
lack  of 
abuse,  migrant 
education 

labour  and 

>   One learner said “There is a need for a 
coordinated and robust programme that 
delivers 
life  skills  programmes.  Our 
culture might have made us who we are, 
but who we become is up to us”

>   Many  learners  recognised  they  needed 
to  become  HIV  ambassadors  in  their 
their  own 
community  and  within 
families. One learner stated “This course 
is  going  to  build  a  strong  relationship 
between me and my family because we 
will understand the danger of HIV”.

three 

traditional 

At  Leeuwpan,  HIV/Aids  training  will  be 
provided  to  three  groups:  35  community 
members, 
health 
practitioners  and  40  caregivers  from  the 
Ekhukhanyeni  Drop-in  Centre  near 
Leeuwpan.  The  centre  provides  cooked 
meals for orphans and vulnerable children, 
home visits and referrals for chronically ill 
conduct 
patients. 

caregivers 

The 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 89

HEALTH AND HYGIENE CONTINUED

awareness  campaigns  and  training  on 
various  wellness 
topics.  They  are 
monitored  by  a  supervisor  who  conducts 
audits.  Caregivers  have  no  formal  HIV/
Aids training and little training in first aid. 
They have 379 patients on their database 
and about 70 orphans.

>   Management consultations
>   Personal emotional: In 2010 depression 
has  been  a  particular  challenge  for 
employees across Exxaro’s operations — 
we  believe  this  is  a  stark  reflection  of 
the  impact  of  two  years  of  economic 
turmoil 

and 

tests 

units 

business 

Wellness
Most 
arranged 
in  2010.  Service 
wellness  days 
providers  conduct  different  health-
screening 
advise 
participants on lifestyle issues. These 
days  are  open  to  employees,  family 
members 
broader 
community. Although participation is 
voluntary,  attendance  is  very  good 
and  contributes  to  the  effectiveness 
of our wellness programme.

and 

the 

safety,  production  requirements  and  the 
company’s  values.  We  recognise  that 
employees and their families face a range 
of  chronic  and  life-threatening  diseases 
with  social  and  financial  implications.  We 
strive  to  minimise  these 
implications 
through our comprehensive and proactive 
employee wellness programmes. 

>   Work-related reasons
>   Financial: Again reflecting the economic 
climate, some 1 900 of our people have 
garnishee  and  maintenance  orders 
deducted  from  their  monthly  pay.  On 
average,  affected  employees  are  each 
paying  R470  monthly  against  these 
orders.  Every  effort  is  being  made  to 
help 
their 
obligations  and  regain  their  financial 
footing. 

these  employees 

fulfil 

Exxaro  is  aware  of  social,  psychological 
and  mental  health  challenges  and  has 
programmes in place at all business units 
to  manage 
these  challenges  both 
reactively and proactively. 

Exxaro also has a programme focusing on 
executive  wellness.  This  consists  of  a 
holistic  assessment  as  well  as  general 
support to the executive team. 

The  importance  of  employee  wellness  is 
recognised in terms of ethical, legislative, 

empower 
programmes 
Wellness 
employees to manage their own wellbeing 
by  raising  awareness  and  disseminating 
information  through  work-site  posters, 
booklets, an annual wellness calendar, and 
wellness  days  at  business  units  that 
include health screenings.

Exxaro’s HIV/Aids service
Exxaro’s HIV/Aids service offers employees support focused on four key areas:
Prevention: 
>   Employees are trained and offered the opportunity to test for HIV
>   Peer educators are trained and supervised in conducting prevention programmes 

and providing information to colleagues

>   Condom distribution.

Detection: 
>   Voluntary HIV testing.

Treatment: 
>   Employees who test positive for HIV can enrol on a treatment programme through 

their own medical aid, or through Exxaro’s outsourced service provider.

Care and support: 
>   A  service  provider  call  centre  stays  in  touch  with  people  registered  on  the 

programme

>   Trained peer educators provide information about HIV/Aids to colleagues
>   Health  professionals  are  available  on-site  to  provide  technical  support  to  peer 

educators.

At North Block Complex, HIV/Aids training 
and  support  will  be  provided  to  two 
existing  projects 
in  the  Siyathuthuka 
community just outside Belfast: 
>   The Impilo Ende coal yard — provide HIV/
Aids training to members of an existing 
project  sponsored  by  North  Block 
Complex

>   Sizimisele  Home-based  Care  which  has 
been  operating  since  2006.  A  team 
of  12  caregivers  provides  Siyathuthuka 
community  with  home-based  care 
services  and  HIV/Aids  awareness.  They 
assist  around  90  patients  with  chronic 
diseases  and  also  provide  services  for 
orphaned  and  vulnerable  children,  TB 
patients 
are 
schoolchildren  and  old  people  who 
cannot take care of themselves). 

of  whom 

(some 

Employee wellness
To  ensure  support  for  any  of  our  people 
experiencing  difficulties,  an  employee 
assistance programme provides access to 
an  external  counselling  service.  The 
is  a  preventive  measure 
programme 
that  helps  employees  take  the  necessary 
steps  to  manage  personal  concerns, 
and  assists  management  in  minimising 
productivity issues. 

The overall objective is early identification, 
referral  and  resolution  of  personal  and 
work-related  problems  before  they  affect 
job  performance  and  productivity.  To 
achieve  this,  various  role  players  are 
trained  to  recognise  and  deal  with 
personal  issues  that  may  be  affecting  a 
staff  member’s  work  performance  and 
provide  guidance  on  how  to  use  the 
employee  assistance  programme  as  a 
management tool. 

the 

employee 

During  the  review  period,  our  people 
accessed 
assistance 
programme  service  for  the  following 
reasons in order of priority:
>   Couple and family issues
>   Dependency

90 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

ENVIRONMENT

Disclosure on management approach
Exxaro’s core focus is on conserving natural resources and reducing the burden of pollutants on the environment by: 

>   Minimising the use of natural resources

>   Complying  with  all  statutory  environmental  requirements  as  a  minimum  and  actively  participating  in  all  non-statutory 

environmental compliance requirements such as the Carbon Disclosure Project and its new water disclosure initiative, among 

others. Our aim is to exceed statutory compliance

>   Developing innovative policies and programmes for addressing environmental impacts and use of natural resources.

All Exxaro’s South African operations have environmental management programmes (EMPs) as required under the Mineral and 

Petroleum Resources Development Act (MPRDA) and the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA). While a record number 

of integrated water use licences were approved in the review period, the Department of Water Affairs directed the Arnot Mooifontein 

open-cast operation to cease using a haul road constructed over a water course. The Department of Mineral Resources directed 

North Block Complex’s Glisa operation to update and submit its EMPR. Both directives have been fully complied with. North Block 

Complex’s EMP is being updated to align all activities with environmental management plan reporting requirements, while the EMP 

amendment to Arnot’s Mooifontein operation is being considered by the authorities. All EMPs are key indicators in ensuring that 

Exxaro remains a sustainable business. Exxaro also adopts the precautionary principle entrenched in NEMA in evaluating all the 

environmental impacts of business opportunities. 

To  enhance  implementation  of  these  legal  requirements  and  the  sustainable  use  of  natural  resources,  group  standards  for  air 
quality  management,  water  management,  biodiversity  management,  rehabilitation  and  mine  closure  management,  and  incident 

management were implemented in 2010. 

A strategic review of key environmental risks from Exxaro’s mining activities in 2009 highlighted:

>   Air quality management, water quality management, water security and surface disturbance

>   Cost of, and provision for, environmental liabilities

>   Lead time for securing environmental authorisations

>   Increasing statutory and non-statutory environmental requirements.

Exxaro  believes  conservation  is  becoming  increasingly  important,  given  the  enormous  value  of  biodiversity  and  tourism  to  the 

South African economy. Accordingly, Exxaro intends to be a mining company that leads by example in protecting, enhancing and 

conserving  the  country’s  biodiversity  and  demonstrating  that  mining  activities  can  co-exist  with  world-class  biodiversity 

conservation initiatives. That way, we ensure the right of future generations to a healthy, complete and rich environment.

Under this policy, various conservation measures are being implemented that underscore Exxaro’s commitment to entrench duty-

of-care principles. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 91

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Exxaro’s green timeline

2011

>   Continue to develop cleaner energy initiatives encompassing a combination of co-generation, carbon credit trading, 

renewable energy, coal-bed methane development and coal base load projects.

2010  

>   Exxaro participated in the inaugural CDP water project
>   Record number of integrated water use licences approved

>   Major water management programme introduced

>   Sophisticated fume-extraction system installed at Namakwa Sands, with noticeable reduction of visible fumes

>   Final feasibility study under way on using furnace offgas to co-generate electricity

>   Developing renewable energy projects

>   Exxaro pays R912 million for electricity 

>   Group  budget  for  energy  and  carbon  management  programme  is  R9  million  —  programme  broadened  to  focus  on 

climate change and associated risks

>   Exxaro involved in industry engagement on future policies.

2009  

>   Exxaro pays over R600 million for electricity 
>   Energy and carbon strategy framework approved

>   Exxaro participates in SA Research Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage with local and international partners

>   Exxaro score in CDP leadership index improves 9 percentage points
>   Comprehensive  response  developed  to  energy,  carbon  and  climate  change  management  to  enable  and  achieve  the 

group’s vision.

2008  

>   South Africa realises the extent of its energy crisis 

>   Energy efficiency forum established, champions at each business unit
>   Exxaro places fifth in South Africa’s CDP leadership index chapter for the energy-intensive sector
>   Exxaro sponsors Unisa Chair in Business and Climate Change for three years
>   Exxaro spends R460 million on electricity.

2007  

>   Carbon emissions reported for the first time (1,9 million tonnes of CO2e) 
>   Exxaro spends R358 million on electricity.

2006  

>   Electricity highlighted as a major cost to the group
>   Exxaro adopts Energy Efficiency Accord.

92 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Feature case study — Grootegeluk expansion illustrates Exxaro’s approach to environmental impact

The energy-efficiency goals set by the Department of Mineral Resources were analysed and incorporated into the housing plans. 

One of the key points to consider was that, wherever possible, the efficient use of renewable energy (such as solar water heating, 

solar architecture, and energy-efficient appliances) had to be used. The houses were carefully planned with the following features:

>   Units face north-east, between trees for better temperature regulation and efficient lighting

>   Houses have insulation for better temperature regulation to save on energy costs

>   Grey-water recycling — recycled water used for toilets, gardens and washing cars, etc

>   House built with overhanging roofs to capture rainwater that can be used for cooking, washing and gardening

>   Solar systems to heat water, save electricity and reduce greenhouse emissions.

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EXXARO LEPHALALE GOES GREEN
EXXARO LEPHALALE GOES GREEN
EEEEEEEXXXXXXXXXXXAAAAAARRRRROOOO LLLLLLEEEEEEEPPPPHHHHAAAALLLLLLAAAAAAALLLLLEEEEEEE GGGGGGOOOOEEEEEESSSSSSS GGGGGGRRRREEEEEEEEEEEEENNNNNN

Houses positioned 
between trees for shade

Evaporative 
cooling system

Solar panels 
heating up 
water

Hot air escaping 
through louvres in roof

Reuse 
rainwater 
captured in 
watertank

Shade provided on walls 
with big roof overhang

Green housing
The purpose of the project was to build eco-friendly houses that did not rely on electricity supplies as their main sources of energy, 
guided by the following objectives:
>   Construct 797 housing/flat units of mixed architectural design, combining eco-friendly, renewable energy and ordinary building 

techniques to satisfy Exxaro’s housing needs.

>   Create a specific mix of housing types and location to ensure affordability across the range of income groups in the group.
>   Complete the project within the time, cost and quality constraints determined by Exxaro.
>   Ensure housing units meet the energy-efficiency goals set by the Department of Mineral Resources. These goals include energy 

savings for buildings.

>   Housing units should comply to all relevant legislation.
>   Endeavour to use local resources to promote economic growth and skills development: 50-70% local labour to be trained in key 

construction skills by the end of the project.

>   The  project  was  governed  by  Exxaro’s  BEE  policies:  contract  awards  had  to  comply  with  strict  broad-based  black  economic 

empowerment codes.

Prior to embarking on the Lephalale housing project, Exxaro piloted five eco-friendly houses in nearby Marapong. Sustainability 
aspects addressed included piloting environmentally friendly building materials and appliances, such as eco-friendly bricks, zinc-
fuel battery systems to power lights and small electrical appliances, to prove their cost-effectiveness for future Exxaro housing 
projects and the provincial housing department.

In addition, to meet housing demand in the area, Exxaro initiated the Lephalale Development Forum in conjunction with Eskom, 
Sasol, all levels of government and local stakeholders. The forum concentrates on infrastructure, housing, education, health and 
welfare services, sport and recreation facilities.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 93

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Feature case study — Grootegeluk expansion illustrates Exxaro’s approach to environmental impact 
continued

A compliance certificate was submitted with building plans for approval from the Lephalale Municipality.

This  project  cuts  across  all  sustainable  development  areas.  In  the  social  arena,  it  offers  mixed  and  affordable  housing  types; 
environmentally there is reduced requirement for energy and water; while economically it has provided skills training and small 
enterprise development.

In maximising the impact of a R590 million budget, the project also provided a number of benefits to the community and Exxaro 
employees:
>   In Marapong, 24 direct jobs were created in constructing the eco-friendly houses and there were 101 indirect beneficiaries 
>   In Lephalale, 1 124 employees were housed in mixed-use houses and flats
>   Green alternatives were incorporated in building these houses and flats. Energy savings are estimated at 2 334MWh per annum, 

at 2 400 tonnes CO2e

>   Of 1 023 contractors, 50% were from the local community (many of whom first had to complete artisan training offered by Exxaro 

and the European Union to build the required base of skills)

>   The  project  has  constructed  infrastructure  for  Lephalale  Municipality  to  support  the  housing  units  —  including  roads,  water 

recycling systems

>   In Grootegeluk, 41 people were trained and mentored in-house on road construction and brick-making
>   Entrepreneurial training has been offered by Exxaro to those showing interest
>   Exxaro has funded an upgrade of the water reticulation and sewerage system in Grootegeluk
>   There has been a significant improvement in infrastructure at Lephalale which will contribute to its maintenance and growth
>   The community is more environmentally responsible.

2011

2012

2012 — 2015 

1   Develop and implement air quality 

Review priorities
1   Review performance on air-quality 

Review priorities
1   Exxaro-wide strategic environmental 

management plans — Inyanda, KZN 

management plans for Grootegeluk, 

risk assessment 

Sands and Zincor 

2   EIA-EMP amendments (14)

3   Eight site-closure reviews 

New Clydesdale, Matla

2   Water business case implementation

2   Review performance on integrated 

3   Review implementation of closure 

water-use licence for Namakwa Sands, 

activities at mines in closure 

4   Ferroland divestment (Gravelotte and 

Arnot, North Block Complex, Glisa, 

4   Environmental liability management 

Hlobane)

Grootegeluk and selected projects 

process (EERF, Arnot-Matla) 

5   Approval of closure EMPR for Hlobane 

3   EIA-EMP amendments

6   Develop and implement integrated 

4   Ferroland divestment from Hlobane 

water-use licence (Glen Douglas, 

and Gravelotte 

Tshikondeni opencast and 

Eerstelingsfontein project)

5   Biodiversity action plans — Arnot-

Matla, North Block Complex, 

7   Assurance preparedness — all findings 

Grootegeluk, KZN Sands, Namakwa 

8   Biodiversity action plans  

Sands, Rosh Pinah 

6   Roll out of recommendations from the 

water business study 

7   Implementation of closure activities at 

Northfields and KZN Sands according 

to plan

8   Transfer of Glen Douglas 

environmental provisions to new 

owners Afrimat

9   Approval of closure EMPRs for 

Durnacol and Hlobane

Most of these have at least a 12-month cycle
Key: EIA — environmental impact assessment; EMP — environmental management plan; EMPR — environmental management plan report; EERF — Exxaro 
environmental rehabilitation fund 

94 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
Highlights
>   Water 

management 

management  programme  was  finalised, 

>   Waste  management  (domestic  waste 

programme 

drawing on internal and external expertise, 

and industrial residues)

introduced, supported by revised policy 

and  funds  approved  for  implementation. 

>   Water and salt balances

and management standard

The  programme  is  based  on  a  wide-

>   Monitoring and auditing systems.

>   Group  standards  implemented  for  air 

ranging  group  water  management  policy 

quality  management, 

biodiversity 

management,  rehabilitation  and  mine 

closure  management,  and 

incident 

management 

and standard, and includes Exxaro’s waste 

The aim of this comprehensive programme 

management activities through integrated 

is  to  achieve  responsible  and  sustainable 

water and waste management plans being 

water  management  use  across  Exxaro. 

developed  for  each  business  unit  that 

The  programme  will  concentrate  on 

>   Exxaro  in  top  three  mining  companies 

encompass:

relevant water-risk issues — from security 

on carbon disclosure standards in South 

Africa  and  participated 

in  the  first 

water-disclosure 

initiative 

issued  by 

>   Quantitative  impact  assessment  and 

of  supply  and  water  efficiency  to  water-

prediction  of  future  impacts  (pollution 

cost management — and manage these to 

sources and receiving environment)

ensure  current  and  future  anticipated 

global  body,  Carbon  Disclosure  Project 

>   Water supply

regulatory  compliance.  Exxaro  also  plans 

(CDP).

>   Water  resource  conservation  and/or 

to  create  awareness  of  water 

issues 

>   Record  integrated  water  use  licences 

reuse and reclamation

through communication and training, and 

approved

>   Storm water management

wider  competency  in  water-management 

>   Process water management

issues 

through 

research  and  skills 

New water management 
programme
Water management is a material issue for 

Exxaro.  During 

the  year  a  water 

>   Water treatment

>   Pollution control dams
>   Groundwater management

development. Initial areas of focus include 

reporting  and  assurance,  measurements 
technology  solutions  and 
and  data, 

management principles.

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Regulatory and Stakeholder Requirements
tory and Stakeholder Requ
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Exxaro Strategy
Vision, mission and values

S & SD Strategy

Water Strategy, Policy, 
and Standards

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p

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Water and Cost
Management
Supply, Effi ciency, Waste,   R e h a b

Measurements 
and Data

Compliance
House in order, Main t a i n

Technical 
Guidelines
Operational and Pro j e c t

s

Technology
Solutions

Business 
Opportunities
Water as commod i t y

     Knowledge, Skills, Competence and Researc h

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EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 95

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Material issue — Water use
For any company to truly understand its water use, and the impact of its activities on water, measurements and data on quality, 

quantity  and  cost  are  essential.  Exxaro’s  data  on  the  first  two  factors  is  relatively  well  established,  and  processes  are  being 

strengthened to ensure that cost is a standardised reporting indicator across our business units. 

Exxaro is investing in systems to more accurately measure water withdrawal by source at each operation. This will in turn provide 

a better understanding of our broader impact (water withdrawal, reduced access to water, loss of natural water resources, reduced 

agricultural activity) and our specific environmental impact (withdrawal impact on source, potential lowering of water table, reduced 

flow, draining of wetlands, downstream activities).

The group is also enhancing systems to measure total water discharge by quality and destination. This will enable us to address 

specific impacts of water discharge on the receiving environment, as well as other environmental issues around quality and quantity 

(including total dehydration of source, loss of wetlands and associated fauna and flora, degradation of the quality of the resource 

due to pollution). 

To determine the level of reporting maturity on these factors across our operations, site visits began with Grootegeluk, Exxaro’s 

largest operation. 

Reportable data types

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Data categories
Data categories
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Quality

Raw data

Primary data

Volume

Source

Estimations

Secondary data

• Evaporation
• Seepage
• Production
• Losses
• Recharge
• Dust suppression

• Chemistry
• Biodiversity

Two quality aspects,
1)  Chemical composition, and
2)  Impact on environment.

• Processed
• Potable
• Seepage
• Rainfall
• Dams
• Rivers
• Boreholes

Has characteristics 
associated with each source 
type.

Some water data is acquired using estimations, since 
direct measurement is not possible or practical.

Derived

Tertiary data

Water used

Total water used is derived from a combination of the 
primary and secondary data categories.

• Ground water

Water volumes can be broadly grouped into 
ground and surface. Both are required to 
calculate the total water salt balance.

Volumes

• Surface water

Quality

Costs

• Total water salt balance

The data required for water management reporting was discussed. 
It can be categorised into three areas. Some sub-categories can 
represent both water inflows and water outflows, for example 
‘seepages’.

96 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

A  steering  committee  of  subject-matter 

>   New Clydesdale Colliery

experts,  environmentalists  and  members 

>   KZN Sands (Fairbreeze)

of  senior  management  reports  to  the 

>   Zincor (NRDF)

Exxaro  executive  committee  and  board 

>   Inyanda

sub-committee for safety and sustainable 

development. 

The 

programme 

is 

While  Exxaro  already  reports  on  water 

supported  by  a  stakeholder  engagement 

issues  against  relevant  GRI  indicators  as 

and  communications  process  that  will  be 

well as UN Global Compact principles, and 

rolled out in 2011. 

the 

ICMM 

sustainable  development 

framework,  standardised  processes  will 

One  of  the  early  successes  of  the 

enhance data from the new financial year.

programme 

was 

Exxaro’s 

recent 

submission  to  the  first  CDP  Water 

During  the  year,  some  environmental 

Disclosure,  a  voluntary  but  detailed 

groups  raised  issues  with  the  JSE  and  in 

submission on water-related data that will 

the  media  about  mining  companies’ 

provide  valuable  insight  into  the  water 

compliance with environmental standards, 

strategies  of  many  of 

the 

largest 

and  particularly  about  whether  JSE 

companies in the world. 

standards for membership of the Socially 

Responsible  Investment  index  needed  to 

Water licensing
Most  of  Exxaro’s  operations  have  their 

the 
raised.  Exxaro  was  among 
be 
companies singled out for attention, citing 

water use authorised under the old water 

the  alleged  lack  of  water  licences  at 

act.  However,  all  operations  have  since 

specific 

operations 

and 

allegedly 

had  their  integrated  water-use  licences 

unauthorised  mining  operations 

at 

(or  IWULs)  submitted  to  the  appropriate 

another.  Exxaro  was  able  to  prove  to  the 

authorities for consideration and approval. 

JSE that the required water licences had 

Tshikondeni mine and mine pit expansion 

been  issued,  and  that  no  unauthorised 

was  the  first  Exxaro  operation  to  receive 

mining  activities  were  being  undertaken 

an  integrated  water-use  licence  —  the 

at Arnot’s Mooifontein section. In addition, 

culmination  of  detailed  consultation  with 

Exxaro  was  able  to  prove  that  an 

authorities.  Licences  have  since  been 

innovative solution was being implemented 

approved for:

>   Grootegeluk mine

at Matla to preserve and minimise mining 

impacts of the wetland (right). 

>   Grootegeluk  mine:  Medupi  expansion 

project (GMEP)

>   Char plant

>   Matla mine

>   Matla mine river diversion project
>   North Block Complex 

(Eerstelingsfontein)

Exxaro  has 

a  proven 

record  of 

environmental 

conservation 

and 

management, as illustrated in case studies 

in this report.

Case study — Limiting wetland 
damage at Matla
Exxaro’s  planned  expansion  of 

underground  operations  at  Matla 

coal mine in Mpumalanga will enable 

the  group  to  increase  capacity  and 

supply the Eskom power station while 

preserving  the  ecologically  sensitive 

and valuable wetland systems on the 

province’s Highveld. 

This unique wetland project combines 

an  adaptation  of  the  mining  model 

with a 14km diversion of the Rietspruit 

River, a tributary of the Olifants River 

which in turn is a major water source 

for  several  mines 

in  the  area, 

including  Exxaro’s  Inyanda  mine  and 

New Clydesdale mine. 

As a result of the controlled impacts 

of  mining  and  controlled  water  use, 

the  flow  and  functioning  of  the 

Rietspruit  ecosystem  has  been 

maintained  and 

its  biodiversity 

protected.  We  believe  this  is  a  good 

example  of  mining  innovation  and 

nature working together: at Matla, we 

are  going  below  the  wetland  using 

undermining,  a  technique  typically 

used  when  a  mine  extends  under  a 

building, roadway or town.

To date, Exxaro has spent R31 million 

on  constructing  the  river  diversion 

and another R1 million on monitoring 

biodiversity  in  the  wetland  project. 

Monitoring  will  continue  until  2017 

when mining ends at Matla. However 

we  will  continue  to  monitor  the 

performance  of  the  wetland  for  a 

further three years after mining has 

ceased 

to 

record 

post-mining 

conditions. Should results be positive 

after  this  period,  monitoring  will  be 

stopped.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 97

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Water efficiency projects

Business unit  

Description

Grootegeluk  

In pit storage of stormwater run-off for plant utilisation (after pH neutralisation plant to avoid corrosion) 

Dewatering of the Basalt aquifer and re-use as process water

The Basalt aquifer is fed mainly by seepage from the unlined pollution control dams, stockpile areas and 

slimes facility

Water recovery from the slimes disposal facility is re-used as process water

The beneficiation plant at Grootegeluk mine expansion for Medupi (GMEP) has been designed to be zero-

effluent in terms of water

Matla  

Arnot  

Excess water from underground is being considered for distribution to Eskom as process water  

No formal water reclamation used in plant plan in place  

Leeuwpan  

Water recovery from the slimes disposal facility 

Inyanda  

Water reclamation from the slimes facility is used as process water 

Storm water run-off recycled and re-used via the process water dams

Stormwater run-off from the plant area is captured and returned to the plant for re-use

Pit water from groundwater flow and run-off is pumped back to the dirty-water facilities for re-use 

Tshikondeni  

Slimes disposal with percolated water recovery for re-use in the plant area 

Stormwater run-off at the plant area is recycled back as process water

Pit stormwater run-off is used for dust suppression

North Block Complex  

Excess water from pit and stormwater run-off is collected in pollution control dams for dust suppression  

Zincor  

Rainwater collection from roofs is used to augment process water 

Glen Douglas  

KZN Sands  

Borehole abstraction used to draw back pollution plume and augment process water 

Stormwater run-off into opencast areas used as process water in the plant area  

Reclamation of rainwater to augment water from Umgeni Water 

Seepage and run-off at CPC is collected and used as process water

Namakwa Sands  

Seawater is used as process water 

Process water is recycled from the disposal facilities and re-used in the plant

Projects are now being tracked through the water steering committee

Total water withdrawal by 
source
Given the growing demand for water and 

scarcity of this natural resource in an arid 

South  Africa,  Exxaro  is  concentrating  on 

optimising  its  water  use  by  reusing  and 

reclaiming  contaminated  water  to  the 

fullest possible extent. In doing so, Exxaro 

process,  Exxaro  will  regularly  update  its 

can minimise raw-water abstraction. 

operational  water  balances  and  develop 

system changes to minimise consumption 

It  is  a  permit  condition  for  water  use 

of raw water while preventing losses from 

licences to be audited; these audits will be 

the water reticulation system.

coordinated 

through 

the  new  water 

management  programme.  As  part  of  this 

98 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Water withdrawal by source

l

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Source  

Municipal, 
boreholes

Unwa Dam, 
boreholes

Municipal

NAM-Water

Municipal,
boreholes,
rainwater
harvest  

Municipal 
(Waterboard 
— River 
abstraction)

Major 
climatic 
region

Temperate 
Highveld 
region

Tropical 
summer 
rainfall area

Temperate 
Highveld 
region

Desert

Temperate 
Highveld 
region

Sub-tropical 
east coast 
region

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Olifants River 
(Western 
Cape 
seawater); 
Municipal 
(Smelter)
Arid region

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A

Source

Eskom

a
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Municipal, 

boreholes

Major 

climatic 

region

Temperate 

Temperate 

Highveld 

region

Highveld 

region

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Mokolo Dam, 

Olifants River 

Boreholes

Eskom

boreholes, pit 

(Mpumalanga), 

Olifants River 

(Mpumalanga)

water

Tropical 

summer 

boreholes

Temperate 

Temperate 

Temperate 

Temperate 

Highveld 

rainfall area

region

Highveld 

region

Highveld 

region

Highveld 

region

Consumption per business unit (000m3)

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

Hazardous waste management 
In  2010,  a  multi-disciplinary  task  group 

incidents  and  to  keep  personal  radiation 

exposure  limits  as  low  as  possible.  The 

was  formed  to  focus  on  developing 

an 

integrated  approach  to  managing 

air,  water  and  biodiversity.  Detailed 

action  plans  should  be  finalised  in  2011. 

A 

company-wide  policy  on  waste 

management will be finalised in 2011. This 

will  address  material  issues,  such  as  the 

avoidance,  minimisation,  management 

and  disposal  of  hazardous  as  well  as 

general  waste  generated  from  Exxaro 

group  complies  with  the  conditions  of 

applicable authorisations and limits set by 

the 

International 

Commission 

on 

Radiological  Protection  or 

ICRP.  This 

includes developing an appropriate policy, 

implementing 

radiation 

protection 

programmes  to  protect  workers  and 

members  of  the  public,  and  enforcing  an 

emergency  preparedness  policy 

that 

spans transportation and physical security 

operations.

procedures.

2008

2009

2010

Radioactive materials are a potential risk 

at KZN Sands, Namakwa Sands and Zincor. 

Exxaro  aims  to  have  zero  radiation 

To  date,  there  have  been  no  breaches  of 

Exxaro’s  licence  conditions  issued  by  the 

National Nuclear Regulator for radioactive 

waste.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 99

 
 
 
 
 
 
ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Energy and climate change

Management approach
Given that energy and climate challenges are broad, and potential solutions complex, Exxaro is simultaneously addressing three 

imperatives: energy security, economic productivity and environmental impact.

To remain competitive and sustainable, Exxaro is dealing with potential energy shortages, rising costs of energy, climate change 

and related environmental concerns as imperatives in the group’s long-term business strategy. A dual approach is currently being 

implemented: 

>   An energy and carbon management programme is addressing mitigation and adaptation issues 

>   Exxaro is evaluating and developing a growth pipeline of environmentally friendly energy projects. 

These two programmes are linked by Exxaro’s drive to become carbon neutral and the need to thrive in a low-carbon economy.

Risks and opportunities of climate change
Following an independent physical climate-risk assessment of Exxaro’s operations in southern Africa in early 2009, the key risks to 

the group from climate change are floods, droughts, heat, disrupted transport infrastructure and increased vulnerability of local 

communities and workforces. The possible implications are outlined below:

>   Flooding

  —  Infrastructure damage leading to production losses

  —  Pit and dam flooding causing contamination of clean water and operating licence transgressions

  —  Deterioration of product quality.
>   Drought
  —  Water scarcity and increased cost of water for the whole region

  —  Increased cost of land management — fauna, flora and rehabilitation

  —  Increased fire hazards

  —  Higher demand for dust suppression.
>   Heat
  —  Fatigue from heat, humidity and dehydration leading to increased accidents

  —  Evaporation from dams will upset mine water balance

  —  Skills retention and talent management in unattractive environment.

These  risks,  and  related  opportunities,  were  integrated  into  a  climate  change  response  strategy  that  requires  an  internal  and 

external approach.

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Climate change 
response strategy

Data collection and 
management system

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100 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Energy and carbon management programme
The  energy  and  carbon  management  strategy  drives  the  programme  shown  below.  It  deals  with  both  operational  management  and 

energy project development and has six focus areas.

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Energy and carbon 
footprint data

Management and 
monitoring processes 
and systems

Energy consumption 
management

Consumption 
management platform

Energy trading 
platform

A platform for 
electricity trading 
(PCP/RTC, cogen and 
renewables)

Energy efficiency 
improvement 
projects

Energy efficiency 
improvements and 
current operations

Energy and 
carbon efficiency 
specifications for 
capital projects

Energy and carbon 
efficient capital project 
implementation

Becoming carbon 
neutral

Clean energy project 
implementation

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Reporting

 Assurance

Regulatory and stakeholder requirements

Exxaro  has  consolidated  its  approach  to 

clean  energy  at  group  level  in  recent 

years.  The  2007  strategic  map  included 

initiatives 

around 

the 

regulatory 

environment, 

energy 

efficiency, 

implementation  of  cleaner  technologies 

and reputational issues to thrive in a low-

carbon  economy.  In  2009,  this  map  was 

further  refined  to 

include  a  strong 

supporting programme. 

In  2010,  the  focus  has  been  on  high 

energy-consumption  areas,  specifically 

electricity  consumption.  This 

includes 

special attention to items such as electric 

motors, lighting, water heating, conveyors 

and  HVAC  (heating,  ventilation  and  air-

conditioning). By questioning basic design 

and  use  factors,  the  energy  teams  have 

already made headway in all these areas. 

As  an  example,  preliminary  results  on  a 

conveyor installation at Grootegeluk show 

an  efficiency  saving  of  25%  —  far  above 

what  was  expected  at  concept  and 

feasibility stage.

These initiatives will in time be expanded 

to  other  business  units  including  other 

sources  of  energy  such  as  diesel, 

illuminating  paraffin  and  petrol.  This  will 

The next step will be to critically evaluate 

facilitate  an  accurate  measure  of  total 

current 

plant 

processes.  Continual 

energy  use  from  all  sources  across  all 

improvement  is  embedded  in  Exxaro’s 

business  units,  and  how  this  relates  to 

culture  and  we  believe  there  is  solid 

production measurements such as run-of-

potential  to  increase  energy  efficiency 

mine tonnes, making it easier to effectively 

and reduce emissions through operational 

compare and measure energy efficiency. 

and process improvements.

Case study: Namakwa Sands
The  largest  consumers  of  electricity  at  Namakwa  Sands  are  the  arc  furnaces, 

accounting for over 90% of the electrical energy used at the smelter plant. Using 

furnace off-gas to generate electricity is one of the biggest opportunities for this 

business unit to become more energy efficient. The project is at feasibility stage and 

all indications are that, once complete, it could generate around 13MW.

Case study: Grootegeluk
Despite  difficult  test  work  to  prove  the  technology,  the  Grootegeluk  energy 

champions successfully implemented a variable speed drive pilot project. A conveyor 

installation  direct-on-line  starter  was  replaced  by  a  variable  speed  drive,  with  an 

energy  efficiency  saving  of  25%.  With  appropriate  funding  participation,  Exxaro 

plans to roll out the project to other conveyor installations. 

Grootegeluk is already using an electricity-based trolley-assist system in the pit in 

which  trucks  use  electricity  rather  than  diesel.  This  translates  to  a  cost  saving  of 

some R165 per truck. The saving for 2010 was some R8 million.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Energy and carbon footprint data
Reflecting  the  investment  and  effort  of  recent  years,  Exxaro’s  data  management  and 
reporting  is  steadily  maturing.  This  is  aligned  with  internal  and  external  reporting 
requirements, and is moving onto the main systems platform. This will become the basis 

of reporting on carbon disclosure and carbon footprint statistics. 

Total CO2e Exxaro Group

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Energy consumption management
Updated  metering 
equipment  was 
installed at our business units to facilitate: 
>   Consumption  management  (including 
managing  Eskom’s  power  conservation 
to 
programme  allocations  —  refer 
sidebar)
>   Tracking 

electrical 

verifying 

and 

efficiency initiatives

>   Verification of electricity accounts.

Exxaro  now  has  a  centralised  real-time 
metering  capability,  independent  business 
unit  monitoring  and  is  ready  for  Eskom’s 
power conservation programme (page 103).

Total energy Exxaro Group

For  the  review  period,  actual  average 
energy consumed was 12% lower than the 
collective  Exxaro  group  baseline.  The 
improved  performance 
is  a  combined 
result  of  lower  production  in  the  current 
economic climate and work completed to 
get the largest Exxaro electricity baselines 
adjusted and accepted by Eskom. To date, 
Eskom  has  approved  the  Grootegeluk, 
Namakwa  Sands  smelter,  Brand  se  Baai, 
Matla, KZN Sands smelter, Hillendale mine 
and Zincor baselines. These are subject to 
the  new  draft  power 
change 

in 

conservation programme rules.

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2010

2009

102 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Review of South Africa’s 
energy efficiency strategy
In  2010,  the  2005  energy  efficiency 

accord 

was 

reviewed 

and 

reconstituted 

as 

the  Business 

Network  for  Leadership  in  Energy 

Efficiency.  The  review  was  prompted 

by the 2009 energy shortages, price 

increases 

and 

new 

national 

electricity-provision policies. The new 

business network facilitates the move 

towards  mandatory  requirements.  It 

applies to all business sectors, and is 

intended 

to  encourage  business 

collaboration  and 

leadership  on 

energy  issues,  enhance  interaction 

with  government  and  provide  a 

measure  of  flexibility 

for 

the 

legislature.

The overarching objective is to drive 

continuous  improvement  of  energy 

efficiency  in  the  SA  business  sector, 

in  support  of  the  national  energy-

efficiency 

strategy, 

leading 

to 

enhanced 

international 

competitiveness and greenhouse gas 

reductions.

The  network  offers  considerable 

value for businesses:
>   Effective  management  of  energy, 
improved 
to 

leading 

competitiveness

>    Access  to  best  practice,  technical 
expertise and experience of others
>   Public  reporting  leading  to  public 
recognition  and  improved  brand 

equity

>   Better understanding of regulatory 

requirements, resulting in targeted 

responses

>   Standardised 
reporting, 

approaches 

to 

measurement, 

monitoring and verification

>   Constant 

feedback 

through 

member 

participation 

and 

interaction with government.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preparing for power outages

Following the 2007/8 power outages that resulted in widespread load shedding, a multi-stakeholder working group was established 

to develop a national code of practice on how future load shedding and load curtailment should be managed. As part of this process, 

South Africa now has a specification for the national power grid that provides three options for how customers like Exxaro are 

expected to act in a system emergency.

Option 1: load shedding
When instructed by the national system operator (Eskom), the customer must immediately reduce consumption by at least 25% by 

disconnecting loads automatically or manually.

Option 2: load curtailment
This happens in five stages, as shown below:

Stage

Type

Customer action

0

1

2

3

4

Unscheduled (pre-agreed)

Reduce  consumption  by  25%  for  two  hours  within  an  agreed  time  (typically 

10 minutes

Scheduled (notified)

Reduce normal demand by 10% within two hours of notification (excludes customers 

who participate under stage 0)

Scheduled (notified)

Scheduled (notified)

Reduce normal demand by 20% within two hours of notification

Unscheduled (instructed)

Reduce normal demand as instructed

Option 3: demand market participation (DMP)
This is an agreement between Eskom and customer to interrupt loads on a commercial basis. Customers who participate in DMP are 

exempt  from  stages  0,  1  and  2  load  curtailment,  and  receive  monetary  compensation  for  the  load  curtailment.  While  this 

compensation will not make up for the potential loss in production, in some cases (Namakwa Sands and KZN Sands) the impact is 

minimal. 

What this means to Exxaro
Namakwa Sands already participates in DMP and will be exempt from stages 0, 1 and 2. KZN Sands has selected the DMP option and 

is in the implementation stages. KZN Sands will also be exempt from stages 0, 1 and 2. 

As  critical  suppliers  to  Eskom,  Zincor,  Grootegeluk  and  Matla  cannot  allow  their  loads  to  be  shed  nor  is  DMP  an  option.  These 

operations therefore have selected option 2 — load curtailment.

Eskom’s power conservation programme
The South African electricity supply/demand balance is overly tight, and latest forecasts indicate this could worsen from 2011 to 

2012. This means availability rather than capacity is the key challenge, and that the security-of-supply risk is high. To mitigate this, 

Eskom’s  power  conservation  programme  (PCP)  is  scheduled  for  implementation  in  January  2011.  While  not  yet  finalised,  the 

programme  is  focused  on  lowering  absolute  electrical  consumption  by  10%  (for  businesses)  and  charging  punitive  rates  for 

exceeding agreed baselines. The financial implications of this programme could be significant.

KZN Sands, Namakwa Sands, Zincor, Grootegeluk and Matla are the five largest consumers (90%) of electricity in Exxaro and would 

potentially be impacted by the implementation of PCP. As key suppliers, Matla and Grootegeluk are excluded from the programme. 

Exxaro’s  energy  team  will  monitor  both  the  finalisation  of  the  programme  and  consumption  at  business  unit  level  to  optimise 

performance in terms of consumption versus allocation.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 103

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

South Africa’s energy debate
The ongoing debate around South Africa’s energy industry, coupled with the fact that coal remains the country’s most affordable 

electricity resource, raises a serious question: how do we as a nation balance the need to reduce our carbon footprint with the need 

to provide significantly more power at a price that keeps the industry competitive?

The question of price versus demand is one of the issues central to the government’s recently released second integrated resource 

plan (IRP), a 20-year plan that predicts how much electricity the country will need in the next two decades, how this demand could be 

met, and what it will cost. 

The IRP 2010 sketches the ideal scenario for electricity generation in South Africa, the sources of that energy, and the price at which 

it  will  be  sold  to  the  industry  and  public.  It  takes  into  account  carbon  emissions,  production  costs,  security  of  electricity  supply, 

sustainable job creation and water use.

The summary of the balanced scenario which the IRP 2010 proposes as the optimal electrical energy mix by 2030 envisages coal 

comprising 48% of the feedstock mix (compared to 80% at present), with baseload nuclear and renewable energies comprising 14% 

and 16% respectively (see pie chart below). Expectations are that the IRP 2010 proposal will be promulgated by early 2011.

IRP 2010 balanced scenario

6%

5%

2%

9%

16%

14%

Baseload coal
Baseload nuclear
Renewable energy (dispatchable)
Peaking open cycle gas turbine
Peaking pump storage
Mid-merit gas
Baseload import hydro

48%

What does this mean for Exxaro?
In its current draft, the IRP could have major implications for Exxaro’s business:

>   The only coal-fired power to be implemented after Kusile will be in 2027. This will temper Exxaro’s current coal ambitions in South 

Africa

>   The significant roll out of renewable energy sources supports Exxaro’s plans to develop its renewable energy business 

>   The IRP gives an indication of the long-term electricity price, which is more than 150% of the current price. This will significantly 

increase operating costs at Exxaro’s smelters.

What does it mean for consumers?
>   The long-term electricity price is even higher than current indications from Eskom and the National Energy Regulator of South 

Africa. This will put households under even more financial strain

>   The burden of higher electricity prices will make local industry less competitive on a global scale, which could affect employment

>   Positively, however, the draft IRP 2010 provides for the large-scale roll out of renewable and nuclear energy, which will result in 

cleaner air and fewer carbon emissions. 

104 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

and 

change 

Energy efficiency improvement 
projects
To  remain  competitive  while  dealing  with 
related 
climate 
environmental 
is 
improving  its  energy  efficiency  and  has 
committed to: 
>   Reduce  costs  by 

improving  energy 
efficiency  from  2009  baseline  by  10% 
by 2012 

concerns,  Exxaro 

its 

>   Promoting  the  use  of  sustainable  and 

renewable energy

>   Promoting the use of clean technologies.

In  2009,  the  electricity  baseline  was 
established for all business units. In 2010, 
conducted  at 
energy  audits  were 
Leeuwpan,  North  Block  Complex,  New 
Clydesdale,  Tshikondeni,  Grootegeluk, 
Namakwa  Sands,  Arnot,  Matla,  Inyanda, 
and  KZN  Sands,  as  well  as  the  research 
and  development  unit  and  corporate 
office.  The  top  projects  were  identified 
and 
solutions  are  being 
investigated.

common 

Becoming carbon neutral
A  feasibility  study  on  co-generation  to 
produce  some  15MW  of  electricity  from 
waste  energy  at  our  Namakwa  Sands 
operation  is  well  advanced.  This  project 
could save almost 150 000 tonnes of CO2e 
per annum and offers significant financial 
benefits via carbon credits. 

Further  co-generation  studies  are  under 
way  for  projects  at  our  own  and  other 
organisations’ operations with a potential 
150MW generation capacity, equating to a 
potential 1,5Mt CO2e per annum.

The objective is to minimise energy waste, 
thus  increasing  energy  efficiency.  The 
carbon footprint of electricity from these 
sources is virtually zero. 

the  roll  out  of  an  enabling  policy 
environment).

The  group  is  also  participating  in  carbon 
capture  and  storage  developments  by 
playing  an  active  role  in  establishing  the 
South African Centre for Carbon Capture 
and Storage (SA Centre for CCS).

Carbon disclosure project reporting
Exxaro  again  participated  in  the  Carbon 
Disclosure  Project  (CDP),  the 
leading 
proponent  of  climate  change  and  carbon 
disclosure.  In  2010  the  CDP  represented 
over 530 investors with USD64 trillion of 
assets  under  management;  a  total  of 
1  800  companies  participated  worldwide, 
including around 80% of the FTSE Global 
500.  Companies  listed  on  the  JSE  have 
participated  for  the  last  four  years;  in 
2010  74%  of  the  top  100  companies  (by 
the  JSE 
market  capitalisation)  on 
responded. 

Exxaro  performed  well  on  both  CDP 
measures:
>   The carbon disclosure rating focuses on 
disclosure  of  emissions,  the  degree  to 
which a company has identified its risks 
and opportunities from climate change, 
internal 
and 
structures for information management 
and  governance.  Exxaro  ranked  fourth 
with  a  score  of  87%  (compared  to  the 
first mining company at 93%) 
performance 

the  development  of 

rating, 
introduced  in  2010:  this  indicates  the 
degree  to  which  a  company  is  taking 
positive  actions  that  contribute  to 
climate  change  mitigation,  adaptation 
and 
transparency.  Companies  are 
ranked  in  four  performance  bands  — 
leading,  fast-following,  on  the  journey 
and  just  starting.  Exxaro  was  rated  in 
the second category.

carbon 

>   The 

Despite delays due to the global economic 
slowdown,  Exxaro  remains  committed  to 
by 
carbon 
reducing 
implementing  these  projects  as  well  as 
renewable  energy  initiatives  (subject  to 

footprint 

its 

Cleaner production
Exxaro  has  several  research  projects 
under  way  to  reduce  its  environmental 
footprint  from  waste  production  and 
water  use.  With  a  budget  of  over 

R1  700  million  for  the  review  period 
(mostly for scouting work), these include:
>   Dry beneficiation
>   Building environmental competency 
>   Power generation from waste coal
>   Slimes community of practice 
>   Water community of practice 
>   Water conservation and purification.

some 

included 

By year end, dry beneficiation technologies 
were being tested for various applications, 
with 
in 
already 
Grootegeluk’s Medupi designs. In addition, 
solid  progress  has  been  made  in  raising 
awareness  of  the  importance  of  water 
conservation  and  treatment,  as  well  as 
slimes  treatment,  across  the  group’s 
business units. 

Air quality management
Exxaro  has  implemented  an  air  quality 
management  framework  for  quantifying 
and  determining  the 
impact  of  our 
ambient  emissions,  and  managing  non-
compliance  and  continuous  improvement 
(below).  This  approach  is  aligned  to  the 
requirements  of 
the  2007  national 
framework for air quality management in 
South Africa, and provides a standardised 
methodology  across 
for 
quantifying emissions and determines the 
appropriate  action 
in  mitigating  their 
impact. 

the  group 

In  applying  this  framework,  particularly 
the  emission  inventory  process,  across 
our  operations,  it  is  evident  that  most  of 
our  ambient  pollution 
impacts  are 
associated  with  emissions  of  particulate 
In 
matter  or  dust  mining  activities. 
addition,  Exxaro  also  operates  smelting 
operations  in  its  mineral  sands  and  base 
metals  commodity  businesses.  Emissions 
from  these  smelters  are  regulated  by  a 
registration certificate issued by the chief 
air  pollution  control  officer 
the 
Department  of  Water  and  Environmental 
Affairs  (DWEA).  Emissions  of  concern 
from  these  smelters  are  particulate 
matter  (represented  as  PM10),  sulphur 
dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx). 

in 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 105

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Air quality management framework

Business unit’s emission inventory

Point sources
(eg stacks)

Line sources 
(roads)

Area sources 
(discard dumps)

Volume sources 
(fuel storage tanks)

Air quality impact 
assessment

If above government 
emission 
requirements

Result of emission 
inventory

If below government 
emission 
requirements

Air quality dispersion 
modelling

Development and implement 
air quality management plan

s
t
u
p
n

I

Meteorological 
data

Developing 
monitoring 
network

Developing 
mitigation plan

Compliance reporting
(monthly and annual reports)

Yes

Pivot compliance: 
reporting below 
emissions limits

No for three consecutive 
reporting periods

Inputs

Meteorological 
data

Digital terrain 
data

Emission 
inventory

Emissions from mining operations
Every day, Exxaro addresses the challenges of dust-generating activities (blasting, vehicle 

entrainment  and  wind  erosion  of  exposed  operational  areas)  through  environmental 

management measures. These include dust-suppressant agents on haul roads, applying 

water to secondary unpaved operational roads, and vegetating topsoil and overburden 

material.

All mining operations monitor daily fallout dust rates and results are assessed against 

national standards (SANS)(figure 1). 

Figure 1: National standards (SANS) 

Case study — Improving air 
quality at Namakwa Sands 
One  of  the  biggest  environmental 

challenges  at  the  Namakwa  Sands 

smelter  has  been  solved  by  a  new 

extraction  plant  that  removes  dust 

and  fumes  from  the  tapfloor  during 

tapping operations.

Namakwa Sands has an obligation to 

keep the West Coast environment as 

beautiful  as  it  is,  and  provide  a  safe 

environment  for  employees.  But  the 

previous fume-extraction system had 

become  inefficient  and  conditions  in 

the furnace building were unpleasant 

during  taps.  On  a  calm  day  the  red 

dust  hanging  over 

the 

furnace 

building was visible from a distance. 

Construction  of 

the  new 

fume-

extraction plant took 13 months at a 

cost of R63 million and, importantly, 

was  completed  without  a  lost-time 

injury.  The  plant  uses  the  most 

modern  filtration  equipment  and 

energy-efficient  fans  run  at  reduced 

power 

between 

taps. 

Most 

importantly,  it  improves  conditions 

on the tapfloor.

Level 

Target 

Action residential 

Action industrial 

Alert threshold 

Dust fallout rate

(mg/m2/day) Permitted frequency

300

600

Three in any year, no sequential months 

1 200

Three in any year, no sequential months 

2 400

None. First exceedance requires remediation and compulsory report to authorities 

Figure 2: Results from Exxaro’s monitoring points

Number of monthly exceedances 2010

Points monitored 
with single-unit 
fallout dust bucket

600mg/m2/day

>3 months/year

1 200 mg/m2 day

>3 months/year

58

36

9

10

5

7

4

5

1

2

Commodity

Coal

Mineral sands and 

base metals

106 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Performance of smelters

Business unit
Namakwa Sands

No of points
2

Pollutant
PM

KZN Sands

Zincor

2

1

14

2

SO2

SO2

PM

SO2

PM: particulate matter, SO2: sulphur dioxide

Permitted

emission rate Units

30 mg/m3 (24hr 
average)

Assessed
Bi-annually

500 mg/m3 (1hr 

Bi-annually

average)

500 mg/m3 (1hr 

Quarterly

average)
50 mg/m3 (24hr 
average)

Quarterly

500 mg/m3 (1hr 

Continuous

average)

Number of 
exceedances 
recorded 
for 2010
0

0

0

2

0

Exxaro’s 

operations 

Although 
are 
classified  under  industrial  targets,  some 
are  close  to  densely  populated  areas.  As 
such,  tracking  compliance  against  the 
more stringent residential limit as opposed 
to 
limit  provides  a 
standardised  and  more  appropriate 
management  approach  to  move  our 
operations  towards  the  long-term  target 
of 300mg/m2/day.

industrial 

the 

The tables on page 106 give a consolidated 
view  of  our  performance  against  air 
quality guidelines. In total, coal operations 
recorded  four  monthly  exceedances  of 
the  industrial  limit  of  1  200mg/m2/day. 
The SANS guideline allows operations to 
have at most three exceedances per year 
without  any  reporting.  Given  the  strong 
performance  of  our  coal  operations  in 
2010,  the  guideline  industrial  limit  was 
exceeded  by  one  month.  The  mineral 
sands  and  base  metal  operations  also 
registered  exceedances  of  the  industrial 
limit for five months in 2010. 

We  are  concentrating  on  improving  our 
mitigation  measures 
for  operational 
activities  that  contribute  significantly  to 
dustfall.  This  will  ensure  fallout  dust  is 
reduced to national residential guidelines 
of 300mg/m2/day. 

Emissions from smelting 
operations
All  Exxaro’s  smelters  have  registration 
certificates  under  section 
10  of  the 
Atmospheric  Pollution  Prevention  Act, 

1965,  which  has  been  superseded  by  the 
National Environment: Air Quality Act, 34 
of 2004. These stipulate acceptable stack 
emissions  for  particulate  matter  at  KZN 
Sands  smelters;  particulate  matter,  NOx 
and  SO2  at  Namakwa  Sands;  and  SO2  at 
the zinc smelter. The performance of our 
smelters  against  permit  conditions 
is 
shown below.

Biodiversity management 
Exxaro-owned  and  -managed  land  has 
significant  biodiversity  given  the  wide 
geographical  spread  of 
the  group’s 
operations.  As  part  of  the  process  of 
biodiversity  management 
developing 
plans 
for  each  business  unit,  a 
comprehensive  study  has  determined 
vegetation types on all land held by Exxaro 
and quantified greenhouse gas reduction 
as  a  result  of  vegetation.  The  carbon 
quantities  captured  in  the  32  types  of 
vegetation 
land  under  operational 
control  are  estimated  to  be  around 
tonnes.  A  summary  of 
30  million 
biodiversity  management 
shown 
overleaf.

in 

is 

terms  of  a 

formal  biodiversity 
In 
management policy, revised in 2010, group 
operations  are  mandated  to  ensure  that 
conserving biodiversity and using natural 
co-exist 
through  mining 
resources 
through proper planning, decision making, 
conservation and offsets. 

The  objectives  of  this  policy  focus  on 
protecting  and  conserving  biodiversity-

rich  sections  of  undisturbed  areas, 
preventing  or  limiting  destruction  of  Red 
Data  faunal  and  floral  species,  and 
eradicating  and  controlling  alien  invasive 
species 
through  practical  and  cost-
effective management skills, programmes 
and action plans.

A  detailed  management  standard  was 
issued at the end of the review period to 
guide  business  units 
implementing 
group policy. The standard aims to:
>   Ensure  a  cost-effective 

integrated 

in 

approach to biodiversity management

>   Be  environmentally 

responsible 

in 

protecting and managing biodiversity
>   Be ecologically sustainable by ensuring 
biodiversity-rich  areas  are  contained 
within  mining  right  areas,  to  manage 
and  monitor  protected  and  threatened 
Red Data species, and control declared 
category  1,  2  and  3  declared  invasive 
plants from spreading.

Detailed  desktop  studies  at  all  business 
units have been completed while specialist 
biodiversity  assessments  have  been 
completed  for  Tshikondeni,  Inyanda,  New 
Clydesdale,  Leeuwpan,  KZN  Sands  and 
Namakwa  Sands.  Assessments  are  under 
way for Grootegeluk, North Block Complex 
and  Arnot.  Identification,  mapping  and 
management  plans  for  the  control  and 
eradication of category 1, 2 and 3 species 
were 
the  biodiversity 
in 
assessments. Management plans for these 
species per business unit will be finalised 

included 

and 

implemented 

in  2011  although 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 107

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

implementation  is  already  under  way  at 

where  protected  trees  were  impacted  in 

West  University  on  the  ecology  of  the 

Grootegeluk  and  KZN  Sands.  Marking 

2010  had  approved  permits  for  the 

relocated  species  began  in  January  2011, 

protected 

trees  and  compiling  and 

removal/destruction  and  transport  of 

in  conjunction  with  SANBI  (SA  National 

submitting permit applications for various 

protected trees.

Biodiversity Institute) and the Mpumalanga 

developments 

at  Grootegeluk 

and 

Tourism and Parks Agency.

Tshikondeni  (the  only  two  business  units 

At  Inyanda  relocation  of  the  Red  Data 

where  this  was  required  to  date)  was 

species Frithia humilis was completed and 

To  date,  biodiversity  action  plans  have 

conducted  for  various  developments.  All 

will  be  monitored  until  2012.  A  post-

been  developed  for  five  of  Exxaro’s  17 

activities at Grootegeluk and Tshikondeni 

graduate research project with the North 

operating  units.  The  balance  will  be 

Biodiversity management

Inyanda

Zincor

Tshikondeni

Location/size of land 
owned, leased, managed 
or adjacent to protected 
areas of high biodiversity 
value

Land adjacent to 
protected areas

X

(cid:22) 
(Next to 
RAMSAR 
site)

(cid:22) 
Adjacent to Kruger National Park. Lies 
within the Gariep Centre of Plant 
Endemism 

Significant impacts of 
activities: total land owned/
leased/managed for 
production or extractive use

Size of land assessed (ha)

1 747

295,5

22 385,89

Buildings (farm buildings, 
mine buildings, etc)

12

38,29

Buildings (farm buildings, 
mine buildings, etc)

Cultivation
Grassland scrub

Mine tailings, pits, bare soil, 
airfields
Open water

249
18

0

4

Bushveld
0
0 Cultivated fields

106,77

Floodplain bushveld

0

Inland forest

71,52

4 457,49
708,97

26,81

235,34

Plantations

57

9,34 Mine tailings, pits, bare soil, 

131,76

Grassland (natural)

1 372

airfields
24,29 Mopani bushveld

5 710,09

Grassland secondary/
transformed grassland
Wetland grassland
Stream vegetation

Sugarcane
Degraded bushveld
Thicket and encroached 
bushveld

35

113,4 Mountain bushveld

3 920,79

0
0

0
0
0

0

3,41 Open bushveld
0 Open water

0
0
0

0

0

Riparian forest
Sand banks
Stream vegetation 
(bushveld)
Thicket and encroached 
bushveld
Transformed/degraded 
bushveld

0 Wetland grassland
0 Woodland

–

–

–
–

662,98
196,69

472,92
176,67
412,01

4 469,23

589,52

40,19
102,91
22 385,89

Total

1 747

295,5

108 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

completed in 2011. Expenditure of around 

After a directive from the Department of 

Measures 

include  ongoing  mitigation 

R30 million in 2010 is expected to increase 

Water  Affairs  on  the  haul  road  in  the 

initiatives  and  offset  areas  of  similar 

as  biodiversity  action  plans  are  fully 

eastern  pit  of  Mooifontein  operation,  we 

biodiversity  functionality.  Stakeholders 

implemented  and  declared  category  1,  2 

stopped  using  and  then  closed  this  haul 

and  interested  and  affected  parties  have 

and 3 alien invader species are eradicated.

road. 

been  duly  consulted  on  these  envisaged 

measures.

During the year, biodiversity was affected 

We  have  prioritised  rehabilitation  of  the 

at  Arnot  Mooifontein  where  mining 

affected  wetland  area 

to 

improve 

operations  intruded  on  a  wetland  area. 

biodiversity  and  ecological  functionality. 

Namakwa Sands

Rosh Pinah

KZN Sands

KZN – Hillendale & Port 
Durnford

(cid:22) 
(Close to Tongaland-
Pondoland Regional Centre 
of Floral Endemism)

CPC

 BSB

 CPS

Smelter

(cid:22)
(Southern 
Namaqualand 
Strandveld 
Centre of 
Plant 
Endemism)
66,35

(cid:22) 
(Southern 
Namaqualand 
Strandveld 
Centre of 
Plant 
Endemism)
0

(cid:22) 
(Southern 
Namaqualand 
Strandveld 
Centre of 
Plant 
Endemism)
0

(cid:22) 
(Southern 
Namaqualand 
Strandveld 
Centre of 
Plant 
Endemism)
0

5 418,51

Buildings (farm 
buildings, mine 
buildings, etc)
Coastal forest
Cultivation 
(harvested 
sugar cane)

Dune scrub

Mine tailings, 
borrow pits, 
bare soil, 
airfields
Plantations/
woodlots 
Secondary/
transformed 
grassland
Stream 
vegetation
Sugarcane
Wetland 
grassland

–
–
–

–

–

–
–
5 418,51

180,63

1,25

679,34
341,9

525,74

390,72

24,55

157,37

23,3

3 091,16
3,8

0
0
0

0

0
0

0,12
25,19

2,1

3,38

15,52

5,07

0

5,23
8,22

0,27
0
0

0

0
0
66,35

Not assessed in 2009/2010

0

0

0

(cid:22) 
(Adjacent to Sperr Gebied/
Richtersveld National Park/
endemic hotspot area

1 250,75

23,47

34,52
121,36

455,42

615,98

Buildings (farm 
buildings, mine 
buildings, etc)
Desert wash
Mine tailings, 
borrow pits, 
bare soil, 
airfields
Mountain 
desert
Sandy plains 
desert

–

–

–

–
–

–
–
–

–

–

–
–

0

0

0

0
0

0
0
0

0

0
0
1 250,75

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 109

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Biodiversity management

Inyanda

Zincor

Tshikondeni

Location/size of land 
owned, leased, managed 
or adjacent to protected 
areas of high biodiversity 
value

Land adjacent to 
protected areas

X

(cid:22) 
(Next to 
RAMSAR 
site)

(cid:22) 
Adjacent to Kruger National Park. Lies 
within the Gariep Centre of Plant 
Endemism 

Size of land assessed (ha)

1 747

295,5

22 385,89

Protected:

X

Restored

Habitats protected/restored?

Exxaro general biodiversity 
strategy (draft)
Management plan (EMPR)

Strategies, actions and plans 
for managing impacts on 
biodiversity

Biodiversity action plans

IUCN Red List and national 
conservation lists species 
affected by operations

–

Red Data 
species 
relocated 
to offset 
areas 
under 
MTPA 
(provincial) 
manage-
ment

(cid:22)
(cid:22)
Draft 2 
under review 
to update 
category 1, 
2 and 3 
manage-
ment 
measure

Red Data 
species 
Frithia 
humilis 
relocated 
to three 
offset 
areas. 
Continuous 
monitoring 
by North 
West 
University 
till 2012. 
Research 
project on 
lifecycle 
started in 
2011

(cid:22) 
(RAMSAR 
site)
(cid:22) 
(wetland 
with Red 
Data)

(cid:22) 

(Kruger National Park)

Adjacent to protected area 
– limited impact due to 
underground mining 
activities

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

Draft 2 
under 
review to 
update 
manage-
ment of 
Kniphofia 
sp 
manage-
ment 
measure

(cid:22) 
Recorded 
but not 
currently 
affected/
population 
of 
Kniphofia 
typhoides 
is stable 
and healthy

Draft update of certain 
sections in 2010 incomplete

(cid:22) 
Various species recorded in 
areas adjacent to current 
and future operations. 
Recorded but not currently 
affected by underground 
mining operations. Potential 
that future opencast 
operations may impact on 
Red Data listed species

110 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

KZN Sands

KZN – Hillendale & Port 
Durnford

(cid:22) 
(Close to Tongaland-
Pondoland Regional Centre 
of Floral Endemism)

5 418,51

X (No mining 
activities at 
Port Durnford)

X

(cid:22) 

(cid:22) 

(Only 
Hillendale 
– Port 
Durnford  
no mining 
activities)
Draft reviewed. 
Update 
category 1, 2 
and 3 declared 
invader 
species 
management 
measure 
(Hillendale 
only)

(cid:22) 
Recorded and 
currently 
affected 
(Hillendale 
– habitat 
transformation)

Namakwa Sands

Rosh Pinah

CPC

 BSB

 CPS

Smelter

(cid:22)
(Southern 
Namaqualand 
Strandveld 
Centre of 
Plant 
Endemism)
66,35

(cid:22) 
(Southern 
Namaqualand 
Strandveld 
Centre of 
Plant 
Endemism)
0

(cid:22) 
(Southern 
Namaqualand 
Strandveld 
Centre of 
Plant 
Endemism)
0

(cid:22) 
(Southern 
Namaqualand 
Strandveld 
Centre of 
Plant 
Endemism)
0

(cid:22) 
(Adjacent to Sperr Gebied/
Richtersveld National Park/
endemic hotspot area

1 250,75

(cid:22)

X

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

X

(cid:22)

X

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

X

(cid:22)

X

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

X

X 

X 

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

X 

(cid:22)

(cid:22)

Completed but 
not submitted 

Biodiversity 
study 
complete as 
part of EMPR 
amendment. 
Require 
biodiversity 
action plan

X 
None recorded 
to date

(cid:22) 
Recorded and 
currently 
affected 

(cid:22) 
Recorded and 
currently 
affected 

(cid:22) 
Recorded and 
currently 
affected 

(cid:22) 

Recorded 
various IUCN 
Red Data plant 
species 
– affected 
during 
previous 
exploration 
activities. Dust 
is currently the 
biggest impact 
on Red Data 
flora species. 
High number 
of endemic 
species 
present and 
recorded. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 111

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Legal framework for managing biodiversity in Exxaro
Biodiversity  management  in  South  Africa  is  based  on  the  clause  in  the  country’s 

constitution  that  stipulates  ‘everyone  has  the  right  to  an  environment  that  is  not 

harmful to their health or wellbeing and to have the environment protected, for the 

benefit of present and future generations’. It is governed primarily by the National 

Environmental  Management  Act,  and  supporting  legislation,  summarised  in  the 

following 

legislative  framework  that  guides  Exxaro’s  policy  on  biodiversity 

management:

>   National  Environmental  Management  Act  (NEMA)  (Act  No  107  of  1998,  Mine 

rehabilitation) 

>   National  Environmental  Management  Biodiversity  Act  (NEMBA)  (Act  No  10  of 

2004) and its annexures on threatened or protected species 

>   National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act (NEMPAA) (Act No 57 

of 2003) 

>   National Water Act (NWA) (Act No 36 of 1998)

>   Mineral and Petroleum Resource Development Act (MPRDA) (Act No 28 of 2003)

>   National  Environmental  Management:  Air  Quality  Act  (NEMAQA)  (Act  No  39  of 

2004)

>   Environment Conservation Act (ECA) (Act No 73 of 1989)
>   Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act (CARA) (Act No 43 of 1983)

>   World Heritage Convention Act (WHCA) (Act No 49 of 1999)

>   National Forests Act (Act No 84 of 1998)

>   Draft integrated coastal management bill (2006)

>   Marine Living Resources Act (Act No 18 of 1998)

>   Marine Pollution (Intervention) Act (Act No 64 of 1987)

>   Dumping at Sea Control Act (Act No 58 of 1973)

>   Sea-Shore Act (Act No 21 of 1935):

>   Sea Fisheries Act (Act No 58 of 1973)

In  terms  of  Exxaro’s  biodiversity  policy,  all  related  risks  need  to  be  identified, 

assessed and prioritised for all activities at business units. This includes the control 

and management of all Category 1 alien invaders, the protection and management of 

biodiversity hotspot areas/biodiversity-rich ecosystems, conservation of fauna and 

flora of business units situated in or adjacent to sensitive areas such as centres of 

plant  endemism  (Fairbreeze,  Rosh  Pinah)  sensitive  ecological  areas  (Matla  river 

diversion),  adjacent  to  RAMSAR  sites  (Zincor)  or  adjacent  to  protected  areas  or 

areas of high sensitivity for the tourism industry (Tshikondeni).

Mine rehabilitation
Exxaro’s  mine  rehabilitation  policy  and 

management standard follows a legal and 

risk  approach  —  chronological  steps  that 

optimise  ongoing  rehabilitation 

from 

feasibility  stage  through  all  operational 

phases  and,  ultimately,  preparing  for 

efficient closure of any mining operation. 

This 

framework 

dictates 

physical 

processes,  financial  provisions,  and 

rehabilitation performance indicators.

Business  units  report  quarterly  on  these 

indicators.  By  monitoring 

this  data, 

rehabilitation  backlogs  are 

identified 

before  undue  financial 

liabilities  are 

incurred.  The  goal  of  the  environmental 

rehabilitation department is to budget for 

and  schedule  ongoing 

rehabilitation 

aligned  with  the  mining  plans  of  each 
business  unit.  Integral  to  this  process  is 

minimising  any  negative  mining  impacts 

on  affected  parties  or  the  environment 

and communicating rehabilitation actions 

via established forums. 

Exxaro contributed roughly R68 million in 

2010  and  had  R502,5  million  in  its  trust 

fund at 31 December 2010 for mine-closure 

activities. 

Updating 

and 

revising 

rehabilitation  provisions  annually  also 

highlights 

potential 

rehabilitation 

alternatives  that  could  decrease  the 

closure  liabilities  of  mines  in  the  long 

term. 

112 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Closure-cost  reviews  were  completed  at 

eight  operations,  including  five  inactive 

sites.  Performance  assessments  against 

15 000

the 

objectives 

of 

environmental 

12 000

management plan reports were completed 

for  eight  operations  and  submitted  to 

DMR. In line with the growing government 

focus on rehabilitation, Exxaro is ensuring 

that all group business units have reviewed 

their rehabilitation plans (with appropriate 

9 000

6 000

3 000

schedules and budgets) and that these are 

0

being implemented. 

13 081,1 hectares

4 317,3 hectares

Land disturbed

Land rehabilitated

During  the  period,  the  Department  of 

Mineral  Resources  Mpumalanga  served 

Arnot  Colliery  with  a  directive  to  submit 

an  EMPR  (environmental  management 

plan  report)  performance  assessment 

report. This is a regulatory tool introduced 

the 

to  monitor 
by 
implementation  of  the  EMPR.  It  is  also  a 

department 

requirement 

in  terms  of  the  Exxaro 

environmental 

liability  management 

framework that operations conduct EMPR 

performance  assessments,  and  that  such 

assessments 

be 

reported 

to 

the 

department. 

Scheduling 

these 

assessments  is  done  through  the  Exxaro 

environmental  rehabilitation  fund.  The 

Arnot EMPR performance has since been 

completed 

and 

submitted 

to 

the 

department in Mpumalanga.

Exxaro’s  North  Block  Complex  also 

Mine closure
Exxaro has two mines at different stages 

Current  mining 

legislation  presents  a 

number  of  risks  specific  to  mine  closure. 

of  their  closure  plans  —  Durnacol  and 

These 

include  possible  pressure  from 

In  2010,  R145  million  was 
Hlobane. 
budgeted  for  mines  in  closure,  spanning 

increase  the 
affected  communities  to 
corporate  contribution  to  mine-closure 

implementation  of  the  relevant  social 

social programmes which will escalate the 

plans  and  rehabilitating  negative  and 

longer-term  financial  requirement.  An 

latent environmental impacts. 

additional  risk  comes  from  third-party 

applications for continued mining at mines 

During 

the  year, 

implementation  of 

in  closure 

(Hlobane  and  Durnacol). 

Durnacol’s  social  plan  gained  new 

Continued  mining  at  these  old  workings 

momentum  and  projects  such  as  the 

are  exceptionally  dangerous  and  any 

training centre, bakery and steelworks are 

incidents will have an impact on Exxaro’s 

now  operational,  underscoring 

solid 

image. Future liability is likely to escalate 

working 

relationship 

between 

this 

as  new  mining  and  old  mining  impacts 

community and Exxaro. Shaft-sealing and 

cannot  be  separated  in  terms  of  water 

dump  rehabilitation  activities  during  the 

quality,  subsidence  and  crack  formation. 

year have improved water, dust and visual 

With  any  mine  closure,  there  is  also  the 

received a directive from the department 

impacts at Durnacol.

risk  that  implementing  the  closure  plan 

might  not  address  all  negative  impacts. 

on  the  need  to  align  mining  activities 

(including  the  washing  plant)  with  the 

EMPR.  Since  the  processes  of  updating 

these  documents  had  already  started  in 

2010,  the  required  EMPR  update  was 

finalised and submitted to the department 

At Hlobane, the group policy of completing 

Exxaro  has  prepared  as  fully  as  possible 

rehabilitation  work  manually  has  created 

for  these  contingencies  in  its  existing 

job opportunities during the construction 

closure plans. 

phase.  Crack  and  subsidence  sealing  at 

Hlobane has improved water quality in the 

in Mpumalanga.

catchment area.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 113

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Broader industry participation
As  a  stakeholder  in  the  mining  industry, 

publication of Climate Change: A Guide for 

Corporates (Unisa Press, 2009), the pace 

Environmental performance
Exxaro  has  a  standardised  system  in  all 

Exxaro  actively  participates  in  shaping 

appropriate  policies 

in  South  Africa 

through many channels, including: 

>   The Chamber of Mines

has  accelerated  considerably  since  the 

business  units  to  ensure  the  effective 

appointment of Dr Godwell Nhamo. Since 

management  of  all  incidents,  leading  to 

August  2009,  four  research  papers  have 

a  safer  and  more  sustainable  work 

been  published,  nine  conference  papers 

environment.  This 

integrated  platform 

>   NERSA  (National  Energy  Regulator  of 

presented, and related courses at honour’s 

tracks  and  manages  incidents;  identifies 

South Africa) 

level  proposed.  The  Exxaro  group  was 

root  causes  and  ensures  proper  incident 

>   EIUG (Energy Intensive Users Group)

used as the first of a series of case studies 

reporting and management. Environmental 

>   NERT  (National  Electricity  Response 

examining 

how 

companies 

intend 

incidents are categorised as: 

Team)

operating  in  a  low-carbon  economy.  The 

>   Level  3  —  Environmental  incidents  with 

>   Energy  efficiency  accord  through  the 

Exxaro  study  was  published  in  2009. 

irreversible  on-site, 

immediate  and 

technical  committee  facilitated  by  the 

Dr Nhamo is also a member of the National 

remote-area  impacts,  will  involve  long-

National Business Institute (NBI)

Business  Initiative  (South  Africa)  climate 

term clean-up activities and a negative 

>   Industry 

energy 

policy-influence 

change  committee  working  group,  and  a 

impact  on  shareholder  value  (eg  over 

workshops

member  of  the  Department  of  Trade  and 

R500  000  in  damage  has  definitely 

>   World  Wildlife  Fund  (WWF)  round  table 

Industry/Business  Unity  South  Africa 

occurred)

event

climate  change  forum.  Dr  Nhamo  was 

>   Level  2  —  Environmental  incidents  with 

>   South  African  Chamber  of  Commerce 

named  Unisa’s  researcher  of  the  year  in 

reversible  on-site  and 

immediate 

Industry’s 

and 
dialogue

(SACCI)  electricity 

>   National  trade  delegation  to  the  UK  in 

2009,  a  significant  vote  of  confidence  in 
the chair’s activities.

surrounding  impacts,  will  involve  more 
than 48 hours in clean-up activities and 

a negative impact on shareholder value 

March 2010

Given this important progress, Exxaro has 

(eg  R50  000  —  R500  000  in  damage 

>   SANBI 

(the 

national 

body 

for 

renewed its sponsorship of this chair until 

has definitely occurred)

biodiversity).

2015.  This  will  maintain  the  current 

>   Level  1  —  Environmental  incidents  with 

momentum  and  strengthen  the  chair’s 

reversible  on-site  impacts,  will  involve 

Exxaro is also involved in the initiatives of: 

>   South  African 

Independent  Power 

critical  research,  advocacy  and  tuition 

immediate  clean-up  and  a  negative 

activities  in  advancing  the  business  and 

impact  on  shareholder  value  (eg  under 

Producers Association (SAIPPA)

climate change agenda.

R50 000).

>   Coaltech 2020

>   Fossil Fuel Foundation

>   Peace Parks Foundation
>   SA  Centre  for  Carbon  Capture  and 

From 2010, research will be streamlined to 

Reportable 

environmental 

incidents 

focus  mainly  on  business  and  address 

across  the  group  are  shown  alongside.  A 

climate  policy  at  national,  regional  and 

total  of  30  level  2  incidents  occurred  in 

Storage  with  international  and  local 

international 

levels, 

including 

the 

2010,  and  were  reported  to  the  relevant 

partners

>   Clinton Foundation.

Four years ago, Exxaro began sponsoring 

the Chair in Business and Climate Change 

transition  to  a  low-carbon  economy  (ie 

authorities. Corrective actions to remedy 

issues 

relating 

to  green/sustainable 

the  incidents  and  prevent  them  from 

procurement), energy and climate change, 

recurring  were  approved  by  authorities 

integrated  reporting  and  other  emerging 

prior  to  implementation.  There  were  no 

areas. Research topics will address climate 

significant  (level  3)  incidents  reported 

at Unisa to create a centre of excellence in 

change  and  business  issues  on  four  key 

in 2010.

business  and  climate  change  research, 

education  and  advocacy.  While  solid 

progress  was  made  in  the  early  years  of 

thematic  areas:  mitigation,  adaptation, 

greenhouse gas inventories, research and 

Fifteen of Exxaro’s 17 business units have 

development 

(including  breakthrough 

ISO  14001  accreditation,  reflecting  the 

this  sponsorship,  including  the  landmark 

low-carbon technologies).

global industry standards in place.

114 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Case study — Carbon offset project
Each year, Exxaro offsets the environmental impact of its annual report and group newsletter. The carbon footprint of the paper, 

printing and distribution is quantified under the international greenhouse gas reporting protocol. To ensure the integrity of an 

offset project, five criteria set by the World Bank must be followed:

1.   The project must be additional (ensuring the project is not claiming reductions that would already occur)

2.   It must result in real emission reductions (ensuring project activity is monitored and claimed emission reductions are verified)

3.   Emission  reductions  from  the  offset  project  must  not  be  double-counted  (the  same  emission  reductions  cannot  be  sold  to 

several buyers at the same time)

4.   Emission reductions must be permanent 

5.   The offset project should result in community benefits.

In 2009, we installed a 300-litre solar-powered geyser at the Badirammogo Home in Olievenhoutbosch, a low-cost housing area 

close to Exxaro’s corporate centre. The home offers full-time care to eight elderly residents and will benefit from the significant 

reduction in monthly running costs.

In 2010, we planted sufficient trees in and around our operations to offset the impact of the annual report and Exxaro’s internal 

newsletter.

Environmental incidents — group 

Commodity business

EXXARO COAL 

Arnot
Char plant
Durnacol
Grootegeluk
Hlobane
Inyanda
Leeuwpan
Matla
New Clydesdale Colliery
North Block Complex
Tshikondeni

MINERAL SANDS

KZN Sands
Namakwa Sands

BASE METALS AND INDUSTRIAL MINERALS

Glen Douglas
Rosh Pinah
Zincor

CORPORATE OFFICE

Alloystream
Ferroalloys
Head office
R & D

Total

Level 1: Minor impact and/or non-compliance
Level 2: Intermediate impact and/or non-compliance
Level 3: Major impact and/or non-compliance

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

500
50
54
0
61
0
22
103
109
94
4
3

330
86
244

101
30
0
71

0
0
0
0
0

495
75
23
0
135
0
37
28
51
72
26
48

339
79
260

188
47
0
141

0
0
0
0
0

18
1
0
0
1
0
11
0
1
1
2
1

12
11
1

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

6
0
0
0
2
0
4
0
0
0
0
0

14
10
4

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

931

1022

30

20

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 115

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Environmental incidents — level 2
Business unit
Grootegeluk

Description
Accidental diversion of reclaimed slimes 

Receiving environment
Groundwater

Matla

Arnot

KZN Sands — Hillendale

KZN Sands — CPC

KZN Sands — Hillendale

KZN Sands — Hillendale

KZN Sands — Hillendale

KZN Sands — Hillendale

KZN Sands — Hillendale

KZN Sands — Hillendale

KZN Sands — CPC

KZN Sands — CPC

North Block Complex Glisa

North Block Complex Strathrae
Tshikondeni
Inyanda mine

Inyanda mine

Inyanda mine

Inyanda railway siding

Inyanda railway siding

Inyanda mine

dam water to an unlined slimes dam 

caused localised pollution.
Graves were discovered during mining-

related activities; area demarcated and 

South African Heritage Resource Agency 

(SAHRA) informed.
Temporary silt damwall broke and caused 

slurry to run into field.
Failure of a slimes transfer pipeline 

Heritage resource

Soil and natural vegetation

Soil and natural vegetation

feeding the residue dam.
Burn-through on furnace 2 shell during a 

Air

metal tap with dust and iron oxide fumes.
Breach in berm caused sediment to wash 

off site into Umhlathuze River.
Water from backfill cyclones breached 

the berm; discoloration of Umhlathuze 

River.
Burst pipe caused slimes to spray onto 

neighbouring property.
Subsoil saturated due to elevated water 

ingress from hydro cyclone underflow; 

discoloration and retarded growth of 

sugar cane in neighbouring field.
Blocked channel caused surface runoff to 

neighbouring properties with damage to 

tomato crops.
HDPE pipe burst caused ROM to spill 

offsite.
Stack emission exceeded permit 

requirements for particulate matter.
Blockage in small disintegrator delivery 

line caused excessive visual smoke and 

particulate matter emissions
Decant water from block B flowing into a 

clean water environment.
Slurry spill into the field.
Discharge of sewage.
Dust concentrations exceeded air quality 

standards five times in 12 months.
Coal sediment and contaminated water 

spilled into a clean environment
Heavy rainfall caused return-water dam 

Surface water

Surface water

Soil and crops

Subsoil and crops

Surface water

Soil

Air

Air

Surface water

Soil and natural vegetation
Soil and natural vegetation
Air

Surface water

Soil and groundwater

level to exceed lined level.
Dust concentrations exceeded air quality 

Air

standards once in 12 months.
Pollution control dam overflowed twice in 

12 months.
Evaporation dam overflowed

Surface water

Surface water

116 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Consumption per business unit: 1 January — 31 December 2010 

Electricity (GJ)

Diesel (GJ)**

Sasol gas (GJ)

Petrol used (GJ)

Total energy  
use (GJ)*

Water (m3)

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

Commodity 
business

COAL 

Arnot

Char plant

Durnacol

Grootegeluk

Hlobane

Inyanda

Leeuwpan

Matla

 1 956 915 

 1 835 131 

 2 126 313 

 2 199 610 

 188 997 

 201 082 

 232 783 

 341 106 

 18 517 

 9 266 

 318 

 – 

 4 574 

 5 750 

 5 272 

 – 

 962 169 

 904 342 

 640 167 

 727 756 

 32 

 – 

 1 409 

 – 

 25 972 

 22 997 

 140 017 

 134 678 

 88 354 

 76 144 

 558 251 

 427 349 

 491 807 

 463 723 

 68 640 

 64 618 

New Clydesdale Colliery

 53 440 

 37 566 

 125 202 

 158 273 

North Block Complex

 8 826 

 5 184 

 314 028 

 307 630 

Tshikondeni***

 118 483 

 114 828 

 35 492 

 32 929 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 15 808 

 14 899 

 4 099 036 

 4 049 640 

 10 830 228 

 11 345 080 

 3 140 

 3 307 

 424 920 

 545 494 

 755 441 

 1 045 197 

 – 

 198 

 3 818 

 215 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 23 091 

 14 538 

 92 111 

 62 165 

 6 266 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 4 623 

 1 606 154 

 1 636 721 

 6 326 873 

 6 673 009 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 1 656 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 165 989 

 157 675 

 853 200 

 778 205 

 646 605 

 503 492 

 493 965 

 414 856 

 3 318 

 5 035 

 563 765 

 533 377 

 1 522 054 

 1 573 593 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 178 642 

 195 839 

 295 505 

 274 493 

 322 854 

 312 814 

 336 776 

 1 103 

 5 120 

 1 933 

 159 095 

 149 690 

 154 303 

 522 459 

MINERAL SANDS

 3 682 239 

 4 214 567 

 497 116 

 481 817 

 257 426 

 307 040 

 5 741 

 3 888 

 4 442 522 

 5 007 312 

 11 419 905 

 13 029 937 

KZN Sands***

 1 637 787 

 2 298 182 

 71 255 

 71 067 

 257 426 

 307 040 

 – 

 – 

 1 966 468 

 2 676 289 

 8 983 419 

 11 115 338 

Namakwa Sands 

 2 044 452 

 1 916 384 

 425 861 

 410 750 

BASE METALS AND 
INDUSTRIAL MINERALS

Glen Douglas

Rosh Pinah

Zincor

 1 674 769 

 1 697 593 

 162 521 

 153 602 

 35 753 

 44 809 

 57 796 

 61 296 

 156 318 

 161 225 

 63 650 

 61 169 

 1 482 698 

 1 491 559 

 41 075 

 31 137 

CORPORATE OFFICE

 51 757 

 48 506 

 430 

 1 670 

 4 881 

 17 679 

 19 195 

 24 329 

 24 430 

 8 079 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 430 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

Alloystream

Ferroalloys

Head Office

R & D

Total

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 1 335 

 – 

 1 335 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 5 741 

 3 888 

 2 476 054 

 2 331 023 

 2 436 486 

 1 914 599 

 401 

 401 

 – 

 – 

 2 261 

 72 

 51 

 2 138 

 – 

 395 

 1 837 691 

 1 851 591 

 2 701 754 

 2 731 962 

 395 

 93 950 

 106 501 

 295 706 

 289 315 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 219 968 

 222 394 

 1 033 549 

 1 149 524 

 1 523 773 

 1 522 696 

 1 372 499 

 1 293 123 

 55 783 

 48 506 

 1 742 

 4 881 

 19 065 

 19 195 

 26 897 

 24 430 

 8 079 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 7 365 680 

 7 795 797 

 2 786 380 

 2 835 029 

 258 761 

 307 040 

 24 211 

 19 183 

 10 435 032 

 10 957 049 

 24 951 887 

 27 106 979 

*  Total energy figures comprise electricity, diesel, petrol and Sasol gas
**  Figures are based on SAP issue reports 
***  Recommissioned furnace in 2009 ramping up to production

Energy consumption was 4,8% lower in 2010 mainly due to the unplanned downtime on furnaces at KZN Sands.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 117

ENVIRONMENT CONTINUED

Operational intensities

Commodity business

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

Saleable product 
(kt)

Energy/t

Electricity/t

Diesel/t

Water/t

COAL 

Arnot

Char plant

Durnacol

Grootegeluk

Hlobane

Inyanda

Leeuwpan

Matla

New Clydesdale Colliery

North Block Complex

Tshikondeni

MINERAL SANDS

KZN Sands

Namakwa Sands

BASE METALS AND INDUSTRIAL MINERALS

Glen Douglas

Rosh Pinah

Zincor

CORPORATE OFFICE

Alloystream

Ferroalloys

Head Office

R & D

Total

Eco-efficiency

COAL

MINERAL SANDS

BASE METALS AND INDUSTRIAL 
MINERALS

 44 436 

 36 412 

 4 167 

 5 211 

 114 

 – 

 n/a 

 – 

 18 426 

 13 521 

 – 

 1 830 

 3 149 

 – 

 n/a 

 2 585 

 12 336 

 11 254 

 858 

 3 278 

 278 

 838 

 499 

 339 

 1 269 

 1 061 

 118 

 90 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

785

2788

268

 984 

 659 

 325 

 1 440 

 1 228 

 121 

 91 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 0,10 

 0,10 

 0,20 

 – 

 0,09 

 – 

 0,09 

 0,21 

 0,05 

 0,21 

 0,10 

 0,57 

5,30

 3,94 

 7,29 

1,45

 0,09 

 1,86 

 0,11 

 0,10 

 0,40 

 – 

 0,12 

 – 

 0,21 

 0,19 

 0,05 

 0,25 

 0,11 

 0,56 

10,60

 2,98 

 7,61 

1,28

 0,08 

 1,82 

 0,05 

 0,05 

0,16

 – 

 0,05 

 – 

 0,01 

 0,03 

 0,04 

 0,06 

 0,00 

 0,43 

4,39

 3,28 

 6,02 

1,32

 0,03 

 1,32 

 0,05 

 0,04 

 0,25 

 – 

 0,07 

 – 

 0,03 

 0,03 

 0,04 

 0,05 

 0,00 

 0,43 

 4,28 

 3,49 

 5,89 

 1,18 

 0,04 

 1,33 

 17,01 

 16,78 

 16,55 

 16,43 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 0,05 

 0,06 

0

 – 

 0,03 

 – 

 0,08 

 0,18 

 0,01 

 0,15 

 0,10 

 0,13 

 0,59 

 0,14 

 1,25 

 0,13 

 0,05 

 0,54 

 0,46 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 0,06 

 0,07 

 0,14 

 – 

 0,05 

 – 

 0,18 

 0,17 

 0,01 

 0,20 

 0,11 

 0,12 

 0,49 

 0,11 

 1,26 

 0,11 

 0,05 

 0,51 

 0,34 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

0,27

 0,18 

 0,81 

 – 

 0,34 

 – 

 0,47 

 0,16 

 0,12 

 0,34 

 0,10 

 0,55 

 13,62 

 18,00 

 7,18 

 2,13 

 0,28 

 8,73 

 0,31 

 0,20 

 1,70 

 – 

 0,49 

 – 

 1,04 

 0,16 

 0,14 

 0,35 

 0,00 

 1,95 

 13,24 

 16,86 

 5,89 

 1,90 

 0,24 

 9,49 

 15,32 

 14,24 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 46 544 

 38 836 

0,25

0,27

0,17

 0,20 

 0,07 

 0,07 

 0,59 

 0,70 

Energy (GJ/t) 

Water (m3/t) 

Energy (GJ/t) 

Water (m3/t) 

Energy (GJ/t) 

Water (m3/t) 

2010

0,1

0,27

5,3

13,62

1,45

2,13

2009

0,11

0,31

5,09

13,24

1,29

1,90

2008

0,09

0,27

4,65

27,00

1,28

2,11

118 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

CO2 from electricity purchased and diesel 

Commodity business

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

CO2 from electricity purchased 
(kt)*

CO2 from diesel (kt)**

Total CO2 emissions (kt)

COAL 

Arnot

Char plant

Durnacol

Grootegeluk

Hlobane

Inyanda

Leeuwpan

Matla

New Clydesdale Colliery

North Block Complex

Tshikondeni

MINERAL SANDS

KZN Sands

Namakwa Sands

BASE METALS AND  
INDUSTRIAL MINERALS

Glen Douglas

Rosh Pinah

Zincor

Alloystream

Ferroalloys

Head Office

R & D

Total

*  Electricity purchased * 0,98/1 000
** Diesel used * 0,00271/1 000

CORPORATE OFFICE

 14,08 

 13,44 

 532,67 

 51,45 

 5,00 

 0,09 

 509,71 

 55,86 

 2,57 

 – 

 261,92 

 251,21 

 0,00 

 7,07 

 24,05 

 133,88 

 14,55 

 2,40 

 32,25 

 – 

 6,39 

 21,00 

 128,81 

 10,44 

 1,44 

 32,00 

 1 002,39 

 1 170,71 

 445,84 

 556,55 

 638,38 

 532,33 

 157,66 

 17,26 

 0,34 

 0,43 

 47,47 

 0,10 

 10,38 

 41,39 

 5,09 

 9,29 

 23,28 

 2,63 

 36,86 

 5,28 

 31,58 

 163,07 

 25,29 

 0,39 

 – 

 690,33 

 68,71 

 5,34 

 0,51 

 672,78 

 81,14 

 2,96 

 – 

 53,95 

 309,39 

 305,16 

 – 

 9,98 

 31,68 

 4,79 

 11,73 

 22,81 

 2,44 

 0,11 

 17,46 

 65,45 

 – 

 16,37 

 52,68 

 138,97 

 133,60 

 23,83 

 25,69 

 34,88 

 22,17 

 24,25 

 34,44 

 35,72 

 1 039,25 

 1 206,43 

 5,27 

 30,45 

 451,12 

 588,12 

 643,65 

 562,78 

 455,92 

 471,45 

 12,00 

 11,39 

 467,92 

 482,83 

 9,73 

 42,55 

 12,45 

 45,00 

 403,63 

 414,00 

 0,46 

 4,80 

 6,62 

 2,20 

 1,36 

 5,30 

 6,79 

 – 

 4,30 

 4,70 

 3,00 

 0,03 

 – 

 – 

 0,03 

 – 

 4,54 

 4,54 

 2,31 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 14,03 

 47,25 

 16,99 

 49,54 

 406,63 

 416,31 

 14,11 

 13,44 

 0,46 

 4,80 

 6,66 

 2,20 

 1,36 

 5,30 

 6,79 

 – 

 1 990,97 

 2 151,87 

 206,52 

 210,17 

 2 197,49 

 2 362,04 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 119

SOCIAL PERFORMANCE

Our people

Disclosure on management approach
Exxaro’s  approach  to  its  people  is  guided  by  a  comprehensive  suite  of  policies  that  covers  employment,  labour/management 

relations, occupational health and safety, training and education, and diversity and equal opportunity.

For a number of reasons, South Africa is particularly challenged by the shortage of specific skills and a national plan is in place to 

address this. Known as critical or scarce competencies, attracting, retaining and developing these skills is a focal area for all mining 

companies and a competitive point of difference. Supported by the leading practices developed in recent years, Exxaro concentrates 

on exceeding compliance targets in South Africa by training and development to maximise individual potential, equality and safety 

in  the  workplace,  meeting  our  employment  equity  targets  and  improving  standards  of  living  in  our  stakeholder  communities. 

Collectively, our initiatives are also contributing to reducing the shortage of skills in our industry.

Exxaro follows a total remuneration approach with guaranteed and variable components. The group’s vision, mission, business 

strategy and culture drive this philosophy and strategy, in tandem with governance structures and external statutory regulations 

(SA Revenue Services, King III and IFRS II). The components include guaranteed pay, short-term performance incentives and long-

term incentives such as share schemes and other benefits linked to longer-term targets to ensure sustainability. All components are 

benchmarked against the external market to ensure Exxaro remains competitive.

Wage agreements on remuneration are in place at all group employers, while formal processes determine remuneration for non-

unionised employees. Six-monthly market surveys ensure total remuneration is market related.

At all levels, minimum conditions of employment exceed the requirements of South Africa’s Basic Conditions of Employment Act.

Through Exxaro’s human resource development policy, we aim to:
>   Develop and sustain core competencies and maximise human resources to meet the group’s strategic objectives and improve 

operational performance

>   Create a learning culture by assisting and facilitating the process in which employees and their dependants take responsibility for 

improving their own educational and competency levels, to the mutual benefit of the individual and the organisation

>   Ensure integration and uniformity in all learning and development processes by leveraging technologies
>   Support and reinforce our values through various learning and development initiatives
>   Ensure learning and development initiatives are career-focused and aligned with business objectives
>   Establish life-long learning as the major thrust of learning and development.

Diversity and equal opportunity
When we created Exxaro — the largest black-owned mining company in the country — we stated our intention of being the best 

example of how South African companies could and should be run. We made a commitment to our people to ensure their progress 

and to build the skills base we needed to fulfil our vision. Employment equity is just one of the ways in which we are doing this.

While employment equity is certainly a legal issue, with strict targets imposed by both the mining charter and the government’s 

black economic empowerment codes, for Exxaro it is also a moral imperative.

At  the  heart  of  our  employment  equity  strategy  are  detailed  plans  developed  by  each  business  unit  in  consultation  with  its 

employees and unions. These are updated and progress reported to the board quarterly and government annually.

By  following  these  plans,  each  unit  ensures  that  recruitment  and  skills  development  are  conducted  responsibly,  encouraging 

transformation without affecting existing positions in the company. Each business unit has a formally assigned senior manager for 

employment  equity,  and  an  employment  equity  forum  responsible  for  ensuring  appropriate  plans  are  developed,  executed, 

monitored and communicated to employees. 

120 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Highlights
>   New R3 million assessment workshop opened in April at Grovos training centre in Lephalale

>   201 learners enrolled in 2010

Workforce
Exxaro’s staff complement was 10 937 at 31 December 2010, split into employees in bargaining units and the management and specialist 

category. In the bargaining units, there are 8 597 employees, with 1 913 employees in the management and specialist category. Regional 

distribution is shown below: 

Region

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Limpopo

Mpumalanga

Western Cape

Namibia

Expatriates

Local nationals*

Total

* Australia office.

Bargaining 
unit

Management 
and specialist 
category

Temporary 
employees

880

529

2 395

3 552

771

469

1

8 597

151

64

16

153

35

8

611

167

480

294

253

98

4

6

Total

1 642

760

2 891

3 999

1 059

575

4

7

1 913

427

10 937

The HR management system introduced in 

and  timely  business 

information,  and 

there 

is  no  discrimination  between 

March  2009  is  providing  the  group  with 

effective  forecasting  of  people-related 

salaries  of  men  and  women 

in  this 

end-to-end  business  process  integration, 

information  (employees  and  contracting 

category. 

In 

the  management  and 

including 

e-learning 

and  medical 

workforce). 

surveillance.  This  advanced  environment 

specialist  category,  all  employees  are  on 

performance  contracts  and 

individual 

has  enhanced  Exxaro’s  ability  to  monitor, 

There were again no reported incidents of 

salaries  are  based  on  performance,  not 

control  and  enforce  compliance  (medical 

discrimination  in  the  group  during  the 

gender or race. 

and 

induction  expiries,  overtime  and 

year. As collective agreements determine 

statutory  leave).  It  also  ensures  accurate 

specific  guaranteed  minimum  salaries, 

The breakdown of employees by gender and age is shown below.

Region

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Limpopo

Mpumalanga

Western Cape

Namibia

Expatriates

Local nationals

Total

Bargaining unit

Management and  
specialist category

Temporary  
employees

Male

Female

Male

Female

702

466

2 144

3 110

673

438

7 533

178

63

251

442

98

31

1

1 064

411

134

416

250

204

71

4

5

1 495

200

33

64

44

49

27

1

418

Male

113

41

8

113

25

4

Female

38

23

8

40

10

4

Total

1 642

760

2 891

3 999

1 059

575

4

7

304

123

10 937

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 121

SOCIAL PERFORMANCE CONTINUED

Bargaining unit

Management and special

Temporary employees

18-25

26-35

36-45

46-55

56-65

66-68

18-25

26-35

36-45

46-55

56-65

18-25

26-35

36-45

46-55

56-65

66-75

Total

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Limpopo

Mpumalanga

Western Cape

Namibia

Expatriates

Local 
nationals

Total

239

56

820

1 014

73

88

117

10

213

246

7

27

20

4

19

20

10

1

1

38

55

181

302

103

51

237

274

588

1 079

326

193

249

134

593

910

262

110

1

157

50

142

87

60

33

2

1

213

64

154

91

102

31

2

4

730

2 697

2 259

2 290

620

1

74

532

661

161

34

122

82

70

29

1

499

60

15

43

14

11

4

62

13

2

44

17

2

22

17

5

69

10

3

25

9

5

27

2

3

13

16

3

6

1

25

7

1

4

4

4

2

2

1

1 642

760

2 891

3 999

1 059

575

4

7

147

140

126

71

39

41

9

10 937

The challenge of finding suitable skills to staff new projects is ongoing. Exxaro has an active retention programme to maintain scarce 

skills that accounts for 5-6% of total payroll. Equally, considerable attention is given to building a sustainable talent pipeline of skills in 

critical or scarce competencies.

Employee turnover
Between 1 January and 31 December 2010, Exxaro’s average employee turnover rate was 6% (2009: 4%), primarily because of death, 

resignation, dismissal and disability. The turnover rate by employee group is show below: 

Employment equity – occupational levels

% of workforce

Number

Terminations January – December 2010

Top management

Senior management

Professional, specialist and middle management

Skilled technical, academically qualified and junior 
management

Semi-skilled and discretionary decision making

Unskilled staff

0

0

0

1

5

0

6

Breakdown of turnover statistics 

Gender

Race

Reasons for terminations

l

i

a
s
s
m
s
D

i

d
e
n
g
s
e
R

i

79

262

Turnover 
numbers

Total

F

M

A

Grand total

602

61

541

371

C

59

I

14

d
e
d
n
o
c
s
b

W A

158

40

y
t
i
l
i

b
a
s
D

i

66

h
t
a
e
D

85

122 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Turnover by age groups

57

d
e
r
i
t
e
R

70

119

114

20-30 years
41-50 years
61-70 years

31-41 years
51-60 years

0

19

13

74

475

21

602

131

181

Employment equity
The breakdown of Exxaro’s annual employment equity reports, as submitted to the Department of Labour, is shown below. As these 

reports are for the period 1 August 2009 to 31 July 2010, totals differ from year-end numbers.

Top management

Senior management

Professional, 
specialists and 
middle management

Skilled technical, 
academically 
qualified and junior 
management

Semi-skilled and 
discretionary 
decision making

Unskilled and 
defined decision 
making

Total permanent

Temporary 
employees

Total

Male

C

1

2

I

5

A

2

9

W

3

63

A

2

Female

C

I

1

W

8

217

29

33

491

72

9

22

131

Foreign

M

F

Total

6

91

2

1 015

1

9

1 206

213

42

1 251

228

51

24

358

11

2

3 386

3 536

447

11

272

317

79

9

59

71

4 801

929

5 899

41

5 940

692

2

694

30

91

2 110

32

91

2 142

159

778

16

794

2

141

3

144

3

559

20

579

56

2

58

6

98

1 129

4

10 428

116

98

4

10 544

A – African, I – Indian, C – Coloured, W – White. 
Excludes international employees and local nationals in Australia

Percentage of employees with NQF  
level 1 qualifications and above

79%

In 2010, 180 employees completed various 

ABET levels successfully (14 passed ABET 

level  4,  53  passed  level  3,  34  level  2, 

59 level 1 and 20 pre-ABET). Over 150 non-

Exxaro  employees  completed  different 

ABET levels during the year. 

66%

68%

68%

2007

2008

2009

2010

Literacy and numeracy
Exxaro’s target is to provide all employees 

with  qualifications  below  NQF  level  1  the 

opportunity 

to  become 

functionally 

literate.  Exxaro  employees  with  a 

qualification  of  below  NQF  level  1  now 

form 21% of the total workforce.

Exxaro  offers  sponsored,  voluntary  adult 

basic  education  and  training  (ABET) 

programmes at all commodity businesses 

and  carries  the 

full  cost  of  these 

programmes.  This  initiative  amounted  to 

R1,9 million in 2010, a significant increase 

on the prior year (2009: R1,3 million). 

To ensure informed decisions, candidates 

are  screened  and  counselled,  and  an 

incentive scheme for each level completed 

encourages  more  employees  to  become 

functionally literate and numerate. Almost 

1 200 employees have passed one or more 

ABET  levels  since  the  inception  of  this 

programme.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 123

SOCIAL PERFORMANCE CONTINUED

Exxaro  has  accredited  ABET  training  centres  at  Grootegeluk,  Tshikondeni,  Matla  and  Arnot  mines.  An  ABET  centre  was  launched  at 

North Block Complex in September 2009, while Tshikondeni centre introduced full-time classes in 2010. The group’s annual training 

reports and workplace skills plans, approved by the MQA, reflects the number of ABET candidates completing various levels as well as 

those planned for the years ahead. 

Functionally literate and numerate

Total staff count

Employees below ABET level 3

Employees on ABET level 3

Employees above ABET level 3

* Number of full-time employees.

Training and education

Number of people

2010

10 510*

1 683

511

8 316

2009

11 180

2 236

345

8 599

Material issue: Training and development
The critical shortage of artisans in South Africa, and around the world, is affecting virtually every aspect of our economy from 

municipal service delivery to routine maintenance.

At the heart of the issue lies the lack of suitably qualified candidates with the necessary entry skills, particularly in science and 

mathematics.  These  subjects  are  the  basis  of  many  trades.  The  situation  is  compounded  by  emigration,  significantly  reduced 

corporate training because of the government’s SETA learnership programme, and the fact that almost half our existing artisan 

population is over the age of 50. 

South  Africa  is  currently  producing  around  5  600  qualified  artisans  each  year  —  well  below  the  target  of  12  500  set  by  the 

Department of Higher Education and Training. Estimates of the country’s requirement range from 50 000 to 80 000 artisans — our 

current artisan workforce is estimated at 1 340. 

In 2010, Exxaro had 379 people at different stages of their artisan qualifications. To put this contribution into perspective, Exxaro 

alone accounts for a sizeable portion of all engineering learnerships registered with the MQA. This training will lead to full artisan 

status in trades such as electrician, fitter, plater, diesel mechanic and millwright. All these trades appear on South Africa’s scarce 

skills list.

Exxaro’s  human  resources  development  professionals  also  contribute  significantly  to  the  national  and  sectoral  transformation 

process by participating in bodies such as Business Unity South Africa, Chamber of Mines’ education advisory committee, and the 

MQA’s sector skills planning committee and standards-generating bodies.

124 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

At Exxaro, we believe that empowering all 

termination  as  part  of  the  social  and 

management  is  also  included  in  a  web-

staff  with  the  knowledge  and  skills  they 

labour plan for each mine. 

based induction programme.

need  to  develop  personally  will  also  help 

us  grow  the  company.  In  2010,  7  013 

To  preserve  technical  and  engineering 

Employees  in  the  bargaining  unit  are  not 

Exxaro employees successfully completed 

competence 

in  the  group,  aggressive 

part  of  Exxaro’s  formal  performance 

some  form  of  relevant  development 

retention 

and 

succession-planning 

management  system.  Their  development 

training.  Exxaro’s  policy  is  to  invest  an 

strategies  are 

in  place  for  technical 

is guided by individual development plans 

appropriate  amount  of  total  payroll  each 

and  other  categories.  Comprehensive 

based  on  the  job  profile,  formal  career 

year on human resource development. In 

training and growth opportunities provide 

path and individual preference.

2010,  this  was  5,1%  or  an  investment  of 

continual rotation and exposure of talent 

R140 million (2009: 5% or R126 million).

to multi-disciplinary teams.

We  encourage  our  people  to  accept  joint 

responsibility  in  managing  their  career 

In 2010, the group continued its broader 

Across 

the 

group, 

training 

and 

growth. 

Exxaro 

financially 

assists 

focus  on  skills  development,  moving 

development is based on a comprehensive 

permanent  employees  with  potential  to 

from engineering learnerships to include 

needs  analysis, 

incorporating  business 

continue  their  education  through  part-

other 

learnerships 

and 

skills 

strategy,  identified  skills  deficiencies  via 

time  studies  of  recognised,  approved 

programmes.  During  the  year,  Exxaro 

the  performance  management  process, 

courses  and  programmes.  Employees 

enrolled  166  new  engineering  learners, 

succession-planning 

requirements, 

nominated  by  the  company  to  attend 

17 mining learners, 12 operator learners, 

employee 

career 

progress 

and 

courses  or  programmes  are 

fully 

seven  administrative  learners  and  18 
the  Grootegeluk 
for 
plant 

learners 

employment equity plans.

tuition,  examinations, 
sponsored 
travel,  accommodation  costs  and  study 

for 

Medupi expansion project.

All  employees  outside  bargaining  units 

leave.

receive  formal  performance  and  career 

The ratio of learnerships in the pipeline to 

development 

reviews 

bi-annually. 

Specific 

strategies 

to  ensure 

the 

the  number  of  artisans  employed 

in 

Management  members  are  assessed 

accelerated  learning  and  development  of 

various trades is monitored as part of our 

throughout  the  year  as  the  basis  for 

black  people,  women  and  people  with 

artisan  retention  strategy.  This  ratio  is 

individual  succession  plans  and  talent 

disabilities include: 

currently 1:3.

management. These assessments are also 

>   Fast-tracking employees with leadership 

linked to reward and remuneration.

and management potential

E-learning  is  an  integral  part  of  our 

>   Accelerated 

development 

for 

training 

delivery 

approach 

and 

New management and specialist-category 

occupation-based skills

implemented across the organisation.

employees  undergo 

training  on 

the 

>   Formal study assistance

Portable  skills  training  is  provided  to 

reinforce  the  concept  that  reward 

is 

>   Life skills programmes

assist  employees 

in  managing  career 

driven  by  performance.  Performance 

>   Learnerships.

performance  management  process  to 

>   Adult basic education

Skills development

Description

Total leviable amount (payroll)

Total training spend

Total training spend on black people

Total training spend on black women

Total training spend on white women

* Numbers as per skills development plan submitted to Department of Labour on 31 March 2010 

Spent

2010*
Rm

2 736

140

115

21

11

2009
Rm

2 045

126

89

11

9

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 125

SOCIAL PERFORMANCE CONTINUED

Career development
To  ensure  solid  learning  foundations, 

further  skills  development  only  takes 

place  once  employees  have  been 

declared  competent 

in  their  current 

positions. 

In  most 

cases, 

further 

development is focused on a career path 

in the department in which the employee 

is currently working. 

Exxaro’s strategy is to ensure 75% of all 

new  appointments  are  made  internally. 

Our 

integrated  process 

is  therefore 

aligned  with  both  our  strategy  and 

industry  needs  to  provide  a  steady  flow 

advancement. The overarching objective 

at  a  cost  of  R11  million:  two-thirds  are 

is  to  ensure  that  trainees  entering  the 

historically 

disadvantaged 

South 

group  are  empowered,  challenged  and 

Africans and 30% are women. 

appropriately rewarded: 
>   Exxaro people development 

>   Professionals-in-training 

initiative
 Exxaro granted 30 bursaries in 2010 to 

programme
 In  this  three-year  programme  that 

school  leavers  interested  in  technical 

blends academic theory with the work 

disciplines 

such 

as 

engineering, 

environment,  each  professional-in-

geology 

and  mine 

surveying. 

training  has  a  mentor  who  supervises 

Candidates must be grade 12 students 

exposure  to  the  various  commodities, 

from  Exxaro  mining  communities  who 

leadership  and  management  training, 

want to study for a technical degree or 

and  formal  training  from  professional 

diploma.  On  completing  their  studies, 

bodies. 

In 

2010, 

there  were 

candidates  are  considered  for  an 

73 professionals in training throughout 

of  qualified  talent  for  our  growth  and 

Exxaro bursary.

expansion projects. 

In  2010,  there  were  221  participants  on 

programmes 

supporting 

internal 

>   Bursary programme
 There  are  currently 

118  bursars 

studying  at  South  African  institutions 

Exxaro  in  a  R40-million  programme: 

65%  are  from  designated  groups  and 

29% of those are women. 

Getting the golden ticket
In 2009, Exxaro introduced a programme to help employees obtain their government certificate of competence (GCC) in electrical 

or mechanical engineering. Given the pass rate of around 20%, obtaining the GCC offered by the Department of Mineral Resources 

has been a formidable obstacle to many engineers in the past. 

The Exxaro programme, developed by a manager in the engineering field at Matla, prepares qualifying employees by building on 

the practical engineering exposure and training they have received in the years prior to registering for the GCC examination. 

Since the introduction of the course, Exxaro’s pass rate has risen from 20% to 50%. 

Grovos conducting trade tests
Trainee electricians, fitters and millwrights are enjoying the benefits of the new R3-million assessment workshop that opened at 

the Grovos training centre in Lephalale in April. This is in line with legislation that requires training providers to conduct their final 

trade tests at a different venue to where learners were trained.

The launch of the assessment centre follows a series of improvements over the past four years, in which Grovos has increased the 

intake of new learners by 56%, while setting a record with an 89% qualification rate in 2009. In 2010, the qualification rate dropped 

slightly to 85%.

The centre is now equipped to train 180 learners per year, many of whom will be placed at Grootegeluk to support its expansion plans.

Case study — Exxaro learner management programme has industry-wide benefits
Exxaro’s learner management programme is instrumental in designing skills programmes for the engineering and mining disciplines 

in the coal industry. Once approved by the MQA, courses are loaded onto the MQA database for national use. In addition, Exxaro 

loads course material onto its own e-learning platform for other business units to use. 

During the year, two more groups of gas-testing and flame-proofing learners graduated. To date, 72 employees have been trained 

in gas-testing 720 unit standards and 38 employees in flame-proofing 141 unit standards.

126 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
Leadership development
Formal leadership development initiatives, mentorship programmes and succession-planning workshops involving senior management 

and  employees  are  ongoing.  Building  and  retaining  a  pool  of  current  and  future  leaders  is  a  priority  for  the  group  and  appropriate 

initiatives include a comprehensive succession-planning process and enhancing strategic leadership competencies. 

The  professionals-in-training  programme  supports  the  success  of  critical  skills  in  the  management  and  specialist  categories.  The 

programme also assists in achieving the group’s employment equity targets. 

New leadership programme — (In)Credible Leadership
Exxaro has developed a unique leadership philosophy dedicated to strategic business objectives and personal improvement on all 

levels. Hundreds of leaders in Exxaro have contributed to developing a sound philosophy that encourages leadership credibility first 

and incredibility to follow.

Credible
Competence: Leaders have basic functional and managing competencies to lead.

Self: Leaders have a value-centred, accountable and reflective character.

People orientated: Leaders have basic rational skills including diversity, respect and constructive discipline.

Communication: Leaders have foundational communication attitudes such as openness, listening and positive attitude.

Incredible
Involved: Leaders create a context for meaningful participation of teams through diversity, trust and alignment.

Inspire: Leaders connect people with the dream and maintain motivation for the vision.

Invest: Leaders facilitate knowledge and understanding of people.

Influence: Leaders influence achievement of goals through respect, understanding and openness to change. 

Communities of practice
Exxaro  has  communities  of  practice  for 

effective  development  and  sharing  of 

knowledge,  best  practices  and  lessons 

across the group. The focus is primarily on 

core  competencies  required  for  Exxaro’s 

sustainability. 

In 

practice, 

these 

communities  have  lowered  the  risk  of 

losing  key  knowledge  workers,  and 

In  September  2010,  members  of  NUM 

>   Housing  allowance  and/or  company 

employed 

in  the  bargaining  unit  at 

accommodation

Exxaro  Sands  operations  in  KwaZulu-

>   Guaranteed  annual  holiday  bonuses/

Natal went on strike over a wage dispute. 

13th  cheque 

for  bargaining  unit 

The  strike  was  resolved  after  three 

employees

weeks.  Labour  relations  at  all  other 

>   Travel/commuting allowances

Exxaro operations are managed in such a 

>   Standby  and  call-outs  as  well  as 

way that they facilitate progress towards 

amicable 

and  mutually 

beneficial 

payment for overtime worked
leave,  sick 

>   Annual 

leave,  maternity 

brought  new  people  up  to  speed  more 

resolution.

rapidly.

leave, family responsibility leave

>   On-target short-term incentive schemes

Labour relations
Almost  70%  of  Exxaro’s  employees  are 

represented 

by 

affiliated 

unions, 

Exxaro has a disciplinary code that is used 

>   Long-term incentives — either based on 

when necessary. The code is based on the 

share  price  appreciation  or 

the 

principle of fairness as required by labour 

achievement  of 

longer-term  targets 

law.  Supervisors  have 

the  skill 

to 

aimed at sustainable operations.

predominantly 

National 

Union 

of 

implement the code.

Mineworkers 

(NUM) 

(54,5%), 

and 

Solidarity 

(10,7%).  Other 

recognised 

unions are Mineworkers Union of Namibia 

(MUN), National Union of Metalworkers in 

South  Africa 

(NUMSA),  and  United 

Association of South Africa (UASA).

Negotiations  for  improved  wages  and 

conditions  of  employment  are  conducted 

in  various  in-house  forums  and  through 

Retirement  and  other  benefits  for  all 

Employee benefits
Through  collective  bargaining,  full-time 

permanent  employees  are  provided  by 

independent  defined  contribution  funds. 

employees  receive  a  range  of  benefits  — 

The  employer  contribution  to  retirement 

many  exceeding  legislative  stipulations 

funds  in  the  group  ranges  from  10%  to 

for  South  Africa’s  basic  conditions  of 

18%  of  employee  pensionable  earnings, 

employment — including: 

and is expensed as it occurs. All retirement 

>   Retirement  fund  membership  including 

funds are governed by the South African 

contributions by the employer

Pension  Funds  Act 

(1956),  with  no 

>   Medical  aid  membership  subsidised  by 

members on defined benefit plans.

the Chamber of Mines. 

the employer

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 127

SOCIAL PERFORMANCE CONTINUED

In  2010,  employees  participating 

in 

Exxaro’s  Mpower  (empowerment  scheme 

holding  around  3%  of  Exxaro’s  shares  to 

broaden 

share  participation  among 

Home owners (bought company property) 

workers)  received  their  fifth  dividend 

Hostels 

payment.  Since  inception  in  November 

Single quarters 

2006,  each  of  the  Mpower  beneficiaries 

(9 289  at  year  end)  has  received  some 

R5 670 in dividends. 

Rental and other 

Total 

Number of employees

2010

948

40

1 505

8 017

2009

929

594

1 343

8 314

2008

822

389

1 336

7 588

10 510

11 180

10 135

Housing
Exxaro  continues  to  focus  on  home 

ownership.  To  comply  with  the  mining 

charter  and  our  own  business  needs,  a 

new 

long-term  housing  strategy  was 

developed two years ago. 

In 2009, the group introduced a five-year 

subsidy  for  first-time  homebuyers  who 

are  permanent  employees.  This  was 
the 
welcome 
particularly 

given 

unprecedented scarcity of bank mortgage 

finance 

at 

that 

time. 

To 

date, 

232  employees  have  benefited  from  this 

subsidy  to  make  home-ownership  more 

affordable.

While  Exxaro’s  housing  policy  focuses  on 

home  ownership,  employees  receive  a 

housing  or  living-out  allowance  to  assist 

them  in  obtaining  accommodation.  The 

total  value  of  these  allowances  in  2010 

was over R137 million.

The  steady  increase  in  the  number  of 

In  2010,  five  women  aiming  to  become 

home  owners 

reflects 

the  group’s 

miners began their training programme at 

commitment  to  facilitating  affordable 

Tshikondeni. By the end of November, they 

ownership.  At  all  operations,  except 

had  completed  the  first  phase  of  their 

Tshikondeni  due  to  the  current  life  of 

studies at the Colliery training college and 

mine, there is only one person per room in 

will  train  for  another  12  months  on-site 

the  hostels;  at  Tshikondeni  some  rooms 

before qualifying as miners.

have two occupants.

Exxaro  provides  meals  at  Matla  and 

Human rights
Exxaro complies with labour legislation in 

Tshikondeni  where 

the  quality  and 

South  Africa  and  International  Labour 

nutritional  value  are  determined  by  a 

Organisation guidelines. As a signatory to 

dietician.  Qualified 

staff  continually 

the  United  Nations  Global  Compact,  the 

monitor 

adherence 

to 

contractual 

group encourages freedom of association 

obligations.  Employees  have  accessible 

and  collective  bargaining,  ensures  child 

mechanisms to engage both management 

labour is not tolerated and that forced or 

and suppliers on food issues.

compulsory labour is not practised.

Women in mining initiatives
Although  Exxaro  already  exceeds  prior 

Induction programmes educate employees 

about 

human 

rights.  Policies 

on 

mining  charter  targets  of  having  10%  of 

discrimination,  harassment  and  racism 

the  workforce 

staffed  by  women, 

are  in  place,  as  are  structures  to  protect 

attracting  women  to  work  in  the  group’s 

employees’ human rights in the workplace. 

core business remains a focus area. 

All  security  personnel  are  fully  trained 

after  appointment  on  human  rights 

aspects  relevant 

to  each  operation. 

Refresher  courses  also  cover  human 

rights issues.

128 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT

Disclosure on management 
approach 
Sustainable procurement
Exxaro  is  adapting  its  supply  chain 

operations  to  ensure  we  source, 

contract, 

lease,  hire  and  procure 

goods  and  services  from  suppliers 

that 

practise 

sustainable 

development  value-chain  principles 

that  minimise  harm  to  ourselves, 

others,  the  environment  and  our 

planet. This will include implementing 

warehouse 

and 

inventory 

management practices that minimise 

waste and excessive consumption or 

use of our natural resources. 

Equally,  our  supply  chain  partners 

important 

in 
are 
addressing  inefficiencies  that  might 

stakeholders 

impact negatively on health, hygiene, 

safety and the environment. 

Progress
In  the  review  period  Exxaro  developed  a 

sustainable  supply-chain  philosophy  that 

will  be  adopted  across  the  group  as  an 

initial milestone in building competency in 

this  field.  In  terms  of  this  philosophy,  all 

employees and other stakeholders making 

procurement  decisions  are  encouraged 

to  support  our  supply-chain  function  in 

building  relationships  with  suppliers  that 

demonstrate  commitment  to  sustainable 

business practices including:

>   Upholding  basic  human  rights  and 

complying to relevant labour legislation

Preferential procurement

Management approach on 
disclosure 
Preferential procurement
The group’s preferential procurement 

policy tasks the business to capitalise 

on  its  purchasing  power  to  ensure 

that, in business practices, we engage 

and  contract  with  external  suppliers 

with  strong  BEE  credentials  or  that 

are  making  a  tangible  effort  to 

transform  their  business  to  be  BEE 

compliant.  This 

is  an 

important 

>   Integrating  sound  health,  safety  and 

element of material stewardship.

Since  the  promulgation  of  the  new 

mining  charter  in  September  2010, 

we  have  reviewed  our  policy  and 

to  accommodate  multi-
strategy 
national  suppliers  of  capital  goods 

that  wish  to  contribute  0,5%  of 

annual 

income  generated 

from 

Exxaro  into  a  special  fund  for  the 

socio-economic development of local 

communities. 

hygiene  management  practices  into  all 

aspects of their businesses

>   Implementing  effective  and  compliant 

environmental  management  in  design, 

manufacturing and waste management 
processes

>   Commitment to Exxaro’s ethical code of 

conduct  in  dealing  with  internal  and 

external stakeholders

>   Supporting  and  contributing  to  the 

economic  and  social  development  of 

communities in which Exxaro operates.

All 

collaborative  efforts  with  our 

stakeholders and partners will be carried 

out in the spirit of support for sustainable 

business  practices,  enhancing  Exxaro’s 

level  of  competence 

in  supply-chain 

sustainability.  Current  focus  areas  are 

strategic sourcing, supplier management, 

procurement, 

logistics  and 

inventory 

management.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 129

SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT CONTINUED

Procurement from HDSA suppliers

)

%

(

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

% HDSA spend

Preferential procurement targets

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

% HDSA spend

Progress
Our  current  policy 

incorporates  BEE 

targets specified by expenditure on capital 

goods, operational goods and services. We 

have  demonstrated  our  commitment  to 

procuring from HDSA companies through 

steady  progression  from  16%  in  2004  to 

over  45%  in  2009.  We  exceeded  our 

2010  target  of  47%,  recording  an  actual 

procurement  level  of  50%  from  HDSA 

companies.

For  the  review  period,  the  50%  level 

achieved  represents  R3,8  billion  spent 

with  HDSA-owned  companies,  reflecting 

numerous  BEE  capital  contracts  for  the 

Medupi project among others. 

The  target  for  2011 

is  50%,  rising 

incrementally to 56% by 2014. Accurately 
reflecting  spending  on  suppliers  by 

category  as  required  by  the  mining 

charter 

is 

important 

to 

track  our 

performance against targets and we have 

configured our systems to report quarterly 

)

%

(

progress 

in  terms  of  capital  goods, 

consumable 

goods 

and 

services. 

Configuring  and  developing  our  systems 

to 

track  multi-national 

supplier 

contributions  remains  an  industry-wide 

challenge.

130 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Disclosure on management approach
Communities
Exxaro’s community activities are directly linked to its strategy by ensuring the group’s sustainability, and protecting and building 

its reputation by fostering mutually beneficial relationships with local communities. A local community is defined as a community 

in the immediate area of Exxaro’s operations and from labour-sending areas.

In considering any project, our overarching objective is to alleviate poverty and improve the life of identified communities. This is 

even more important given the rural location of most of our operations — areas characterised by the level of unemployment and 

relevant development needs.

Socio-economic development projects refer to the application of funds, goods and labour to provide sustainable services for the 

local  community,  which  can  be  owned,  managed  and  maintained  by  that  community.  Unlike  a  donation,  Exxaro’s  role  in  these 

projects extends beyond providing funds to active involvement in applying these funds, as well as a project management role. 

In South Africa, all mining groups are required to have social and labour plans supporting the key provisions of the mining charter. 

Exxaro’s social and labour plan strategy describes each plan as a set of initiatives designed to minimise any negative social impacts 

and maximise the positive social opportunities of mining operations. The objective is to ensure real sustainable development and 

growth in communities.

An  important  element  in  Exxaro’s  approach  is  generating  new  non-mining  economic  opportunities  within  identified  local 

communities,  particularly  for  local  BEE  companies  and  SMEs  owned  by  disadvantaged  groups.  Exxaro’s  role  is  to  ensure  that 

measures are in place to support the establishment and growth of SMEs and to develop effective linkages with funded, accredited 

training and development institutions.

In terms of socio-economic development, Exxaro implements social responsibility strategies that reflect ongoing commitment from 

the  company  via  the  Exxaro  Chairman’s  Fund  and  Exxaro  Foundation,  aimed  at  entrenching  the  image  of  Exxaro  as  a  caring 

corporate citizen in the community. 

Exxaro  encourages  volunteerism  and  participation  in  local  economic  development  projects  to  create  of  a  culture  of  socially 

conscious employees.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 131

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CONTINUED

Focus areas
Exxaro’s 

sustainable 

Although  not  all  our  social  and  labour 

development 

plans  have  been  approved  by 

the 

activities, 

including 

socio-economic 

initiatives  and  donations,  are  focused  on 

areas  that  are  relevant  and  strategic  to 

South 

Africa’s 

socio-economic 

development.  Accordingly,  we 

are 

Department  of  Mineral  Resources,  those 

already  in  place  are  mainly  implemented 

according  to  set  targets.  These  plans 

focus  on  communities  close  to  our 

operations,  as  well  as 

labour-sending 

Monitoring and evaluation
currently 
We  are 

implementing  a 

monitoring  and  evaluation  system  to 

measure progress and identify challenges. 

This  system  is  also  aligned  with  Exxaro’s 

internal 

socio-economic  development 

technology  platform. 

It  will  be  fully 

currently focusing on: 

>   Formal education

>   Skills development and capacity building

>   Enterprise development

>   Health and welfare

>   Environment

>   Infrastructure 

(related 

to 

socio-

economic projects)

>   Agriculture

>   Tourism

>   Sport and recreation.

In  implementing  our  strategy,  we  aim  to 
integrate  social  sustainability  into  our 

business activities, creating public-private 

partnerships  (PPPs)  where  possible  to 

extend  the  impact.  We  accept  that  the 

areas,  to  ensure  they  benefit  from  the 

operational by November 2011.

mine’s presence in multiple ways. 

Exxaro’s policy is to actively recruit labour 

from local communities wherever possible, 

and training initiatives focus on developing 

the skills of community members to fulfil 

the group’s requirements.

In 

2010, 

Exxaro 

allocated 

some 

R38,6  million 

to 

socio-economic 

development  projects  currently  under 

way,  corporate  projects  and  other 
some 
initiatives. 

includes 

This 

discretionary  donations  made  by  the 

corporate  centre  and  individual  business 

units. Most of these initiatives stem from 

Project implementation
Exxaro’s 

five-year 

socio-economic 

development projects focus on enterprise 

development, infrastructure development 

and  poverty  alleviation  as  requested  by 

the Department of Mineral Resources. 

In  terms  of  the  group’s  social  and  labour 

plans, Exxaro has 55 sustainable projects 

unfolding  over  a  five-year  period.  These 

are  being  implemented  in  conjunction 
with all relevant stakeholders to ensure a 

collaborative  approach.  The  number  of 

jobs being created through these projects 

exceeds  670,  indirectly  benefiting  over 

sustainability of host communities extends 

identified  community  needs  and  are 

11 400 people.

beyond  the  finite  time  frames  associated 

considered against the local municipality’s 

with our operations, and this is an integral 

integrated development plan. 

part of the closure plan for each mine.

Exxaro Chairman’s Fund and Exxaro Foundation 

Funds allocated 1 January – 31 December 2010: R38,6 million

12%

8%

6%

26%

Skills development
Environment
Education
Enterprise development
Sport and recreation
Infrastructure
Donations

12%

1%

35%

Exxaro  also  contributed  more 

than 

R16 million in 2010 via corporate projects 

and  commitments,  including  university 

chairs, skills development and membership 

fees  to  national  and  international  bodies 

such  as  the  National  Business  Initiative, 

WWF and the Peace Parks Foundation.

Some  of  Exxaro’s 

local  economic 

development projects are detailed as case 

studies overleaf.

132 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Case study — Zikulise skills training and SME development centre
The Zikulise centre was officially opened in November 2007 as a partnership project 

between  Exxaro  KZN  Sands,  uMhlathuze  Municipality,  NGO  Zikulise  Community 

Upliftment and the European Union.

This project will be worth R6 million on completion and will offer skills training in 

various areas including sewing, beading, baking, pottery, and handcrafted jewellery. 

It also caters for blind people who are trained by the Blind Society of KZN in weaving 

baskets  and  cane  furniture  production.  Off-site  training  in  bricklaying,  plumbing, 

plastering and carpentry will be offered.

Five  SME  companies  have  been  established  to  date,  with  three  currently  moving 

through  the  incubation  phase.  Established  SMEs  are  mentored  by  the  centre  for 

three  months  after  completing  skills  and  business  training  to  ensure  their 

sustainability. To date, 1 800 people from the community have been trained by the 

centre.

The  centre  also  promises  to  become  an  important  tourist  attraction  with  visitors 

able to view training sessions and buy products from trainees. An attractive cafeteria, 

where  bakery  trainees  also  learn  more  about  hospitality  training,  gives  visitors  to 

chance to enjoy unique African baking and delicacies like home-made ginger beer. 

Once a month, a morning market enables all SMEs to market their products at the 

centre.

Zikulise  is  rapidly  becoming  a  prime  training  centre,  concentrated  on  two  of 

government’s main focus areas in alleviating poverty, skills training and enterprise 

development.

the 

that  aims 

comprehensive 

Case study: Agri-business 
takes root at Grootegeluk 
At Grootegeluk, the success of a rural 
community is as integral to the mine 
as  its  operations.  Grootegeluk  has 
partnered  with 
Lephalale 
Agricultural Corridor (LAC) project — 
agri-business 
a 
initiative 
to  alleviate 
poverty  by  linking  the  burgeoning 
mining  economy  in  Lephalale  with 
the poorer marginalised economy of 
the  broader  region.  Our  goal  is  to 
establish  the  local  rural  villages  of 
Seleka,  Shongoane  and  Langa  as 
sustainable  food  sources  that  can 
supply  both  local  and  international 
markets.  Good  progress 
is  being 
made:
>   A  new  pump  and  water  reservoir 
have  been  installed  to  draw  and 
store water from the nearby river
>   Main-line irrigation has been set up 
both  at  the  reservoir  and  on 
selected  areas  of  farming  ground. 
This system is designed to best suit 
the  water  needs  of  the  area  and 
type  of  crops  that  will  be  grown  — 
instead  of  irrigating  upwards,  the 
water goes directly into the ground
>   Storage areas are being built in the 
communities  to  hold  agricultural 
produce.

industries 

Besides  this  infrastructure,  the  LAC 
will also help these communities sell 
their  products  to 
for 
catering purposes, as well as to local 
supermarkets and the community at 
large.  The  traditional  leader  for  the 
area,  Queen  Langa,  is  exceptionally 
pleased  with  the  progress  on  this 
project  since  Grootegeluk  came  on 
board. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 133

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CONTINUED

Case study — Innovative 

Case study: Inyanda supports infrastructure development

beneficiation at Namakwa 

Over the last three years, Inyanda has spent R3,3 million to maintain the 11km stretch 

Sands

of  Zaaihoek  Road  that  leads  to  the  mine  from  Oosbank  siding.  The  most  recent 

Namakwa  Sands’  mine  at  Brand-se-

upgrades were completed in October, and maintenance will continue in 2011.

Zaaihoek  Road  is  an  important  link  for  farming  and  Klarinet’s  developing 

communities, being one of the access roads on the north-eastern side leading to the 

town of eMalahleni (formerly Witbank). The road is also shared by school buses and 

other mining houses. Employees of Inyanda Coal use the road to get to work and the 

mine  transports  coal  products  to  local  and  overseas  markets.  Prior  to  Inyanda 

assuming this maintenance responsibility, the road was in serious disrepair.

Baai is like a huge sandpit next to the 

Atlantic  Ocean.  But  this  sandpit 

provides  a  livelihood  for  over  1  000 

employees and their families now and 

20  years 

into 

the 

future.  The 

sustainability  of 

this  deposit 

is 

therefore  a  key  focus  area  for  the 

Namakwa 

Sands 

geology 

and 

planning departments.

Traditionally, mining and beneficiation 

at  Namakwa  Sands  included  high-

grade  zones  and  low-grade  zones, 

also known as waste. But the mining 

method resulted in erratic feed to the 

primary  concentration  plants,  which 

affected  recovery  of  the  revenue-

generating minerals.

The  geology  department  recently 

instituted a grade-control programme 

to  stabilise  feed  to  the  plants  by 

cutting  out  waste  material  and 

blending  sand  from  different  pits. 

Using 

technology,  an 

innovative 

method 

was 

developed 

to 

communicate  this  to  the  mining 

department  and  to  brief  them  on 

their daily targets, thus ensuring the 

sustainability of the deposit for many 

years to come.

134 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Case study: Arnot hydroponics project

This 10-hectare project is in the Steve Tshwete municipal area, in Mpumalanga. It involves 21 local community members, who have 

been  trained  in  open-field  vegetable  production.  Arnot  Coal  is  assisting  beneficiaries  in  all  phases  to  achieve  the  following 

objectives: 

>   Build a sustainable BEE farming business

>   Create jobs for 21 community members

>   Alleviate poverty 

>   Contribute to reforming agribusiness in the municipal area

>   Develop skills for a number of prospective farmers from previously disadvantaged communities

The best site was identified by Arnot’s stakeholders forum, including representatives from the local municipality, an agricultural 

specialist from the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, and the National Union of Mineworkers. 

The mine provides funding and ongoing quality control, with appropriate employees using their time and skills to assist in building 

capacity.  The  mine’s  sustainable  development  manager  is  overseeing  the  project  daily  and  is  responsible  for  ensuring  that  the 

monitoring and evaluation system is in place.

Beneficiaries growing their first vegetables

And selling their produce

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 135

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CONTINUED

Case study – Official opening of Lepharo incubation project 

Lepharo, an incubation project registered as a section 21 company (in the name of Seda Ekurhuleni Base Metals Incubator) was 

officially  opened  by  the  executive  mayor  of  Ekurhuleni,  Clr  Mondli  Gungubele,  on  23  February  2011.  In  his  address,  the  mayor 

applauded the alignment with government’s drive to create jobs, skills development and reduce reliance on hand-outs.

The idea of establishing a base metals incubator to develop SMMEs in Ekurhuleni was conceived as an Exxaro and Impala Refineries 

initiative in 2003. The reasoning was simple: there was no downstream beneficiation business in base metals, particularly in zinc 

and copper, for small entrepreneurs. Traditionally, this segment was the domain of large companies.

A feasibility study on this initiative was conducted by IZASA and results showed that sustainable SMMEs in sheet-metal work and 

spin-casting using base metals could be established. 

An expression of interest was submitted to GODISA (now Seda Technology Programme) for funding to start a base metals incubator 

in Ekurhuleni. GODISA was the main funder of incubators in South Africa at the time.

GODISA  accepted  our  expression  of  interest  and  funds  were  raised  among  the  partners  (Seda  Technology  Programme,  Exxaro, 

Impala Refineries, Ekurhuleni Municipality) to establish and manage the centre.

The facilities were completed in 2009 and all machinery installed in 2010. 

There are two main businesses being incubated in this centre. These are spin-casting manufacturing keyholders, tin/bottle openers, 

medals, name tags, plate tags, trophies, etc, and sheet-metal work manufacturing gutters, down pipes, roof sheets, fascia boards, 

welding, etc. Two enterprises, Finecast and Medu Gutters and Installations, have graduated and are in business.

View www.lepharo.co.za

Case study: Makuya farmers’ cooperative

Exxaro’s Tshikondeni mine is partnering with national, provincial and local authorities as well as development agencies to help local 

farmers implement better farming methods and grow lucerne for animal feed which will in turn produce better livestock. 

This R1,5 million project (Exxaro’s contribution) is expected to create 40 direct jobs, with 150 indirect project beneficiaries. 

During the year, work was started on the loading zones for the crush pens, which are now being constructed, and two boreholes 

sunk to produce 2 000 litres per day. The administration block and engine room were completed and Eskom will install electricity. 

The University of Venda is conducting research on the most suitable types of livestock to be farmed.

136 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Case study: Namakwa Sands making a difference

The Pholla Park project will bring electricity to around 400 households in Vredendal on South Africa’s west coast, benefiting some 

1 600 people. This was part of a resettlement process in which informal housing was moved to designated areas and then connected 

to the electricity infrastructure, greatly improving the residents’ quality of life. In 2010, all 400 households were moved and the 

project completed two years ahead of schedule.

Of the total project cost of R3,42 million, Namakwa Sands contributed R1,95 million. The costs saved by completing the project 

ahead of schedule will be allocated to other approved projects, with agreement from the Department of Mineral Resources.

Pholla Park informal settlement — before

Newly constructed power lines

Serviced stands to which dwellings were removed

New serviced plots with informal houses established

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 137

138 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

DIVIDER PAGE 4 – FRONT (GOVERNANCE REVIEW)

Governance review

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EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 139

 
 
DIVIDER PAGE 4 – BACK (GOVERNANCE REVIEW)

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

1. Sipho Nkosi

2. Wim de Klerk

3. Trevor Arran

4. Mxolisi Mgojo

during  this  period.  From  2001,  he  managed 
Exxaro’s  mineral  sands  commodity  business 
and then the base metals businesses in 2008. 
He was appointed finance director in 2009.

4. Mr MDM Mgojo — Mxolisi (50) 
Executive general manager: coal
BSc (hons) energy studies, MBA, Advanced 
management programme (Wharton)

Previously  at  Eyesizwe  Coal,  Mxolisi  was 
responsible  for  marketing.  Before  assuming 
his  current  position,  he  was  responsible  for 
the  base  metals  and 
industrial  minerals 
commodity business.

3. Mr PT Arran — Trevor (43) 
Executive general manager: sands and base 
metals
BSc (hons)(econ geo), Advanced 
management programme (UP/GIBS), BEP, 
diploma project management

Trevor  has  a  wide  mining  background, 
supplemented by financial experience gained 
in  equity  markets,  investment  banking  and 
new  business.  He  assumed  responsibility  for 
his current portfolio early in 2009.

1. Mr SA Nkosi — Sipho (56)
Chief executive officer (executive director)
BCom (hons)(econ), MBA (Univ Mass, USA), 
Diploma in marketing management, 
Advanced management leadership 
programme

After  20  years  in  the  industrial  and  mining 
sectors,  Sipho  was  a  founder  of  Eyesizwe 
Holdings and served as chief executive officer 
before its merger into Exxaro in 2006. He was 
appointed CEO of Exxaro in September 2007.

2. Mr WA de Klerk — Wim (47) 
Finance director (executive director)
BCom (hons), Acc, CTA CA(SA), Executive 
management programme (Darden), 
Strategic marketing diploma (Harvard)

Wim  served  on  the  executive  management 
team  of  Iscor,  responsible  for  strategy  and 
continuous  improvement.  He  also  managed 
Iscor quarries and the Grootegeluk coal mine 

140 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

5. Retha Piater

6. Ernst Venter

7. Marie Viljoen

8. Willem van Niekerk

5. Mrs M Piater — Retha (56) 
Executive general manager: human 
resources
BCom (hons), MBA, Advanced management 
programme (Insead)

Retha  has  26  years  of  human  resources 
experience across the various business units 
and  commodities,  specifically  in  the  area  of 
remuneration.

6. Mr PE Venter — Ernst (54) 
Executive general manager: business growth 
BEng (hons), MBA, Advanced management 
programme (Insead)

Ernst  has  headed  a  number  of  portfolios 
including  base  metals,  consulting  services, 
mining technology, coal beneficiation, process 
development  and  plant  metallurgy.  Prior  to 
assuming  his  current  position,  he  was 
responsible for the coal commodity business.

7. Mrs MS Viljoen — Marie (64)
Company secretary

Marie  has  24  years’  experience  in  the  field. 
She  is  responsible  for  the  group’s  corporate 
governance  and  business  administration  to 
comply with statutory and legal requirements.

8. Dr WH van Niekerk — Willem (51)
Executive general manager: corporate 
services
BSc (hons), MSc, PhD (met eng)(Univ of 
Pretoria), BCom (Unisa), MBA (Henley 
Management College, London),  
TEP (Darden)

Willem  started  his  career  as  a  metallurgist 
with  Iscor  in  1985,  progressing  to  general 
manager  corporate  technology  by  2001.  At 
Exxaro,  he  has  headed  Zincor  and  Australia 
Sands, and is now responsible for technology, 
information management, logistics and supply 
chain management.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 141

DIRECTORATE

Mr SA Nkosi — Sipho (56) 
Chief executive officer (executive director) 

Page 140

Mr WA de Klerk — Wim (47)
Finance director (executive director)

Page 140

Sipho Nkosi

Wim de Klerk

Mr CI Griffith — Chris (46) 
Non-executive director, member of Tremco
BEng (mining)(hons), PrEng

Current directorships: CEO Kumba Iron Ore, chairman Sishen Iron Ore Company, 
director Kumba International Trading SA, member of Anglo American plc executive 
committee

Other memberships: registered professional engineer with the Engineering Council 
of South Africa, member of South African Institute for Mining and Metallurgy and 
Association of Mine Managers.

Mr JJ Geldenhuys — Jurie (68) 
Independent director, chairman of S&SD committee, member of Tremco
BSc (eng)(elec), BSc (eng)(min), MBA (Stanford), professional engineer

Current  directorships:  non-executive  chairman  Astral  Food  Limited  and  chair 
human resources and remuneration committee. 

Prior  directorships:  Avgold  Limited,  Anglovaal  Ltd,  Avmin  Ltd,  Freegold 
Consolidated  Mines  Ltd,  Hartebeestfontein  Gold  Mining  Company  Ltd,  Lorraine 
Gold Mines Ltd, Eastern Transvaal Gold Mines Ltd, Iscor Ltd, Sallies Ltd. President 
Chamber  of  Mines  (1993-1994),  served  on  Atomic  Energy  Council  and  National 
Water Advisory Council.

Chris Griffith

Jurie Geldenhuys

Ufikile Khumalo

Len Konar

Mr U Khumalo — Ufikile (45) 
Non-executive director
BSc  (eng),  MSc  (eng)(UCT),  MAP  (Wits),  Senior  executive  development 
programme (Harvard), Advanced management programme (Insead)

Current  responsibilities:  IDC  divisional  executive  responsible  for  investments  in 
resources  and  beneficiation  sectors,  food  beverage  and  agro  industries,  energy 
and infrastructure sectors as well as high-technology venture capital.

Prior directorships: non-executive director of many companies including JSE-listed 
DigiCore Holdings. 

Dr D Konar — Len (57)
Independent director, chairman of the board and nomination committee
BCom, CA(SA), MAS, DCom

Current directorships: chairman — Steinhoff International, Mustek Limited; director 
—  Illovo  Sugar,  South  African  Reserve  Bank,  Sappi,  JD  Group;  member  ad  hoc 
United Nations ethics panel.

Prior directorships: member of safeguards panel of International Monetary Fund, 
Washington;  co-chairman  of  implementation  oversight  panel  of  World  Bank, 
past  chairman  and  member  of  external  audit  committee  of  International 
Monetary Fund.

Tremco = transformation, remuneration, human resources and nomination committee

142 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Mr VZ Mntambo — Zwelibanzi (53) 
Non-executive director, member of Tremco
BJuris, LLB (Univ of North West), LLM (Yale) 

Current directorships: executive chairman Xalam Performance, chairman Metrobus 
(Pty) Ltd, Mainstreet 333 (Pty) Ltd, director SA Tourism (Pty) Ltd and trustee of 
Paleo-Anthropological Scientific Trust.

Prior directorships: executive director IMSSA, director-general of Gauteng Province 
and chairman of Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration of South 
Africa. 

Mrs N Langeni — Noluthando (67)
Non-executive director, member of the S&SD committee
BA(Cur) (Unisa), Diploma in nursing education (University of Natal)

Current directorships: CEO South African Women in Mining Investment Holdings 
(Pty)  Ltd,  group  CEO  Bambizandla  Holdings,  director  National  African  Women’s 
Alliance (Pty) Ltd (NAWA), chairman Basadi ba Kopane Investments (Pty) Ltd.

Prior directorships: Protea Hotels Group, group CEO NAWA.

Zwelibanzi Mntambo

Noluthando Langeni

Mr RP Mohring — Rick (64) 
Independent director, chairman of Tremco, member of audit, risk and compliance 
committee, member of S&SD committee
BSc (eng)(mining), MDP, professional engineer

Prior directorships: CEO NewCoal, an empowerment initiative and forerunner to 
Eyesizwe Coal.

Mr NL Sowazi — Nkunku (47) 
Non-executive director, member of audit, risk and compliance committee 
BA, MA (UCLA)

Current  directorships:  founding  executive  chairman  of  Tiso  Group,  chairman  of 
Idwala  Industrial  Holdings,  Home  Loan  Guarantee  Company,  Financial  Markets 
Trust; director Aveng Ltd, Alstom South Africa, Trident Steel, Emira Property Fund 
and African Explosives Ltd.

Prior  directorships:  executive  deputy  chairman  of  African  Bank  Investments 
Limited, MD Mortgage Indemnity Fund (Pty) Limited. 

Rick Mohring

Nkunku Sowazi

Mr J van Rooyen — Jeff (61) 
Independent director, chairman of audit, risk and compliance committee
BCom, BCompt (hons), CA(SA)

Current  directorships:  Uranus  Group,  non-executive  director  of  MTN  Group  and 
Pick n Pay Stores. Trustee of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 
Foundation,  member  of  University  of  Pretoria’s  faculty  of  economic  and 
management sciences oversight board. Founder member and former president of 
Association for the Advancement of Black Accountants of South Africa.

Prior directorships: partner Deloitte and Touché, chairman Public Accountants and 
Auditors  Board,  CEO  Financial  Services  Board,  advisor  to  the  Minister  of  Public 
Enterprises. 

Mr D Zihlangu — Rain (44) 
Non-executive director, member of S&SD committee
BSc (min eng) (Wits), MDP (SBL, Unisa), MBA (WBS, Wits)

Current directorships: CEO Eyabantu Capital Consortium; non-executive director 
PetroSA,  chairman  of  its  human  capital  committee,  member  of  its  business 
strategy committee; director of Sentula Mining.

Prior directorships: CEO Alexkor Limited

Jeff van Rooyen

Rain Zihlangu

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 143

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

. . . MOVING TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED REGULATORY 
AND COMPLIANCE PROCESS, SUPPORTED BY ENABLING 
TECHNOLOGY

Disclosure on management approach
Exxaro  is  systematically  developing  a  dedicated,  transformed  board,  equipped  with  the  necessary  skills  and  knowledge  to  make 

timely and effective decisions to ensure the group’s sustainability. The board provides strategic direction through in-depth knowledge 

of Exxaro’s markets and operations, and viable board processes. 

To ensure the base of knowledge, Exxaro pays market-related directors’ fees, and annually allocates sufficient funds for director 

induction and training. Continuing development is both direct through leading service providers and via the national skills levy. In 

2010, this amounted to R168 000. Regular meetings with the Exxaro management team are supplemented with communiqués to 

board members on topical matters to facilitate strategic thinking, planning and compliance. Quarterly information packs on broad 

business developments and legal issues are distributed. The chairman of the board meets weekly with executive management. Site 

visits are arranged as required and board members regularly attend group functions, including the CEO Safety Summits.

Leadership
Understanding  the  importance  of  diligent  succession  planning  to  the  sustainability  of  the  group,  Exxaro  has  launched  a  unique 

leadership programme for all line managers. The programme is aimed at creating a signature-style single leadership philosophy. 

Exxaro is one of the first organisations to move away from a commercial leadership approach to a customised programme linked to 

our brand and values. To date 619 line managers have attended this programme at a cost to the group of R345 000.

In terms of its charter, it is the responsibility 

A  compliance  policy  was  adopted  by  the 

of 

the  board 

to  govern 

the 

legal 

board in 2008 and sets out the integrated 

compliance management processes of the 

compliance  processes 

in  Exxaro.  The 

group. The board is assisted by the audit, 

policy  is  based  on  the  standards  of  the 

risk  and  compliance  committee  which, 

Compliance  Institute  of  South  Africa.  In 

inter  alia,  assesses  legal  and  compliance 

this  policy,  compliance  risk  is  defined  as 

risks  that  may  have  an  impact  on  the 

the risk to earnings, capital and reputation 

annual consolidated financial statements. 

arising from violations or non-compliance 

Safety, health and environmental risks are 

with 

laws, 

regulations, 

supervisory 

monitored  by  the  safety  and  sustainable 

requirements,  prescribed  practices  or 

development committee.

ethical standards.

We manage our compliance risks 
through:
>   Awareness  training  for  employees 

and  other  affected  stakeholders  on 

high compliance risks identified from 

time to time

>   Monitoring  and  reporting  on  the 
level  of  compliance  with  regulatory 

requirements

>   Providing  advice  and  formal  legal 

opinions  on  current  and  envisaged 

actions and business processes.

144 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Calendar  2010  proved  an  important  year 

for Exxaro from a compliance perspective, 

with the adoption and proposed adoption 

of a number of key regulatory changes in 

the  corporate  and  mining  spheres, 

including:

>   The adoption of the new mining charter 

in September 2010

>   The  King  Report  on  Corporate 

Governance  for  South  Africa  and  the 

King  Code  of  Governance  Principles 

(King  III),  which  became  effective  on 

1 March 2010

Key objectives for 2010 

Progress

Implementation of the new 

A corporate forum has been established to monitor 

mining charter

and evaluate progress on social and labour plans as 

well as the mining charter each quarter. A similar 

forum will be established at each business unit. The 

first progress reports were submitted to the 

Department of Mineral Resources at the end of 

March 2011.

Conducting an independent 

A favourable report was received by our 

King III readiness assessment 

independent external corporate governance 

to ascertain compliance gaps

advisers. A summary of the findings is discussed on 

page 150.

>   Approval  of  the  new  Companies  Act  71 

Implementing e-learning 

The Competition Act was identified as a high 

of  2008  by  parliament,  but  still  not 

training and awareness on 

compliance risk due to the potential impact and 

effected 

business implications of the 

probability of non-compliance. 

>   Proposed Competition Act amendments

Competition Act

>   Consumer  Protection  Act  68  of  2008, 

with  commencement  deferred  to  April 

2011

>   Amendments  to  the  National  Credit 

Act 34 of 2005

>   Stricter  enforcement  of  the  body  of 

legislation  relating  to  weighbridges, 

A Competition Act awareness programme was 

launched to address risks associated with 

non-compliance. At 31 December 2010, 558 of 
the targeted 667 employees in the group had 

completed the relevant e-learning training. 

A process is in place to ensure all participants 

complete the training.

particularly the Trade Metrology Act 77 

Continual monitoring of the 

The board and management receive a quarterly 

of 1973.

status of converting mining 

report on the status of all mining and prospecting 

rights and considering 

rights, which sets out the risk attached to the rights 

These  changes  formed  the  foundation  of 

associated risks

in terms of conflicting and competing applications 

Exxaro’s  key  compliance  objectives,  with 

progress set out below. 

and mitigating actions discussed.

Monitoring compliance to 

The investment in socio-economic development for 

social and labour plans

2010 was 2,5% of net profit after tax. Of 13 social 

and labour plans, 11 have been granted.

Conducting compliance audits 

To date 10 integrated water use licence applications 

on the status of integrated 

have been approved with seven still outstanding.

water-use licences in terms of 

the National Water Act

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 145

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

Key objectives for 2010 

Progress

Raising awareness of the 

Presentations on the status and major business 

business implications of the 

implications were made to the board, management 

new Companies Act

and business units as well as major subsidiary 

companies.

Training related to contract law 

Training was provided to the following business 

and basic contractual 

units:

management 

>   Medupi project team

>   Matla

>   Arnot

>   Namakwa Sands

>   North Block Complex

>   New Clydesdale

>   Leeuwpan

>   Inyanda.

Training will be extended to the remaining business 

units in 2011.

(MPRDA),  Exxaro  must  comply  with  the 

relevant approved mine works programme, 

social and labour plan and environmental 

management  programme  as  approved 

by  the  DMR  for  each  mining  right  held. 

Compliance audits on the implementation 

and  management  of  these  programmes 

will  be  conducted  in  2011  for  all  Exxaro 

mining  rights  and,  where  applicable, 

the required amendments applied for.

The MPRDA requires in section 28(2) that 

all  holders  should  annually  submit 

financial  reports  reflecting  profits  and 

losses as well as a report on its compliance 

with  the  mining  charter  and  MPRDA. 

Compliance  audits  on 

this  annual 

reporting  (as  well  as  the  monthly  return) 

will  be  conducted  in  2011  for  all  Exxaro 

Environmental laws awareness 

Awareness training was provided at:

mining rights.

training

>   Grootegeluk

>   Arnot

>   North Block Complex
>   Corporate centre.

Health, safety and labour 

Training was conducted at:

Awareness training will be ongoing in 2011.

awareness training

>   KZN Sands

>   Zincor
>   Grootegeluk

>   Inyanda

>   Matla.

The  year  was  marked  by  an  increase  in 

conflicting 

prospecting/mining 

right 

applications  being  accepted  and  granted 

by  the  DMR.  Exxaro  has  established  an 

internal monitoring and reporting process, 

through  Mineral  Asset  Management  and 

its 

legal  advisers,  to  deal  with  such 

applications  by  third  parties.  The  DMR 

itself recognised this as an area of concern 

and implemented an administrative action 

plan  together  with  a  moratorium  on  new 

prospecting  right  applications  until  end 

Legal liability training on health and safety will be 

February 2011.

rolled out in 2011. This will focus on line managers, 

mining/plant discipline at shopfloor or coal-face 

level, legal appointees, appointment letters and 

statutory lines of reporting. 

In  addition  to  conflicting  applications, 

third parties have approached the DMR to 

apply for prospecting rights on old dumps/

slurry  ponds,  etc  owned  by  Exxaro.  The 

necessary legal opinions on the status of 

Status of converting mining 
rights
It  is  imperative  that  mining  rights  be 

secured  by  Exxaro  for  its  existing  mines 

Strathrae.  Execution  and  registration  of 

these  dumps  have  been  obtained  and 

all  granted  conversions,  and  obtaining 

Exxaro  has  successfully  prevented  such 

conversion  for  the  old-order  rights  for 

rights  being  considered  by  the  DMR.  The 

Arnot  and  North  Block  Complex,  have 

business units affected (Hlobane, Durnacol 

and  new  mining  opportunities.  In  2010 

been prioritised for 2011.

and Zincor) have been briefed on the legal 

status of the dumps to ensure consistency 

conversion was granted by the Department 

of  Mineral  Resources  (DMR)  for  the  old-

order  mining  rights  held  for  Matla  and 

In  terms  of  the  Mineral  and  Petroleum 

in Exxaro’s approach to the DMR and third 

Resources  Development  Act 

2002 

parties.

146 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Exxaro mineral asset status as at 31 December 2010.
Locations of Exxaro’s mines are shown on pages 8, 65 and 77.

In place

In process

Not in place

Mining operation conversions

 Commodity Region

Mines

Mineral sands KZN

Hillendale

Fairbreeze A, B, C, D and Block P

Reserve 10 (Hillendale)

Mining* 
right 
granted

Mining(cid:204) 
right 
executed Action

Documents submitted for registration 
at Mining Titles Office

Documents submitted for registration 
at Mining Titles Office

Documents submitted for registration 
at Mining Titles Office

Western Cape Namakwa Sands

Complete

Coal

Limpopo

Gravelotte

Grootegeluk

Tshikondeni

Mpumalanga

Leeuwpan

Mafube

Arnot

Glisa (North Block Complex)

Matla

Strathrae (North Block Complex)

New mining rights

 Commodity Region

Mines

Mineral sands KZN

Fairbreeze C Ext

Braeburn (Hillendale)

UVS and Braeburn Ext 
(Hillendale)

Limpopo

Goni (Tshikondeni)

Coal

Mpumalanga

Inyanda

Leeuwpan Ext

Eerstelingsfontein

New Clydesdale Colliery

Belfast

Awaiting execution date from DMR

Formal application for historical gas

Execution date postponed on 
27 October 2010 till further notice

Documents submitted for registration 
at Mining Titles Office

Cession confirmed

Conversion application lodged

Conversion application lodged

Due for follow up

Due for follow up

Mining 
right 
granted

Mining 
right 
executed Action

Mining commencement extension 
granted

Complete

Complete

Complete

Power of attorney, captive three 
portions

Documents submitted for registration 
at Mining Titles Office

Renewal due

DMR to approve amended layout plan 
for registration

DMR meeting scheduled

* Granted = an administrative right granted prior to acceptance of terms and conditions.
(cid:204) Executed = approval of the EMPR and commencement date

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 147

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

Corporate governance
The provisions of King III became effective 

on 1 March 2010. The group is committed 

Key objectives for 2010 

Progress

Identify and appoint a 

Dr D Konar was appointed chairman of the board on 

chairman in line with our 

23 February 2010, and re-elected for one year on 

to  applying  these  principles  to  all  its 

BEE status

22 February 2011.

subsidiaries  as  appropriate.  However, 

Exxaro 

understands 

that 

effective 

governance practices should be embedded 

in  all  its  business  processes  rather  than 

following a simple tick-box approach.

As  proposed  in  King  III,  the  office  of  the 

company  secretary 

is  responsible  for 

implementing and monitoring compliance 

to  corporate  governance  best  practices 

across the group. Our company secretary, 

Mrs MS Viljoen, serves as a member of the 

executive  committee  (Exco);  she  reports 

directly to the CEO and has direct access 

to  the  chairman.  She  works  closely  with 

internal  audit,  the  acting  group  risk 

manager,  the  chief  audit  executive  and 

our outsourced legal advisers to promote 

a  culture  of  good  governance  and 

compliance in the group.

The  independent  corporate  governance 

compliance review conducted in 2008 was 

followed  by  an 

independent  King 

III 

Awareness programmes to the 

Presentations were made to the board, Exco and 

board and key business units

major business units and subsidiaries on the key 

requirements of King III.

The Exxaro sustainability and assurance steering 

committee was established to drive integrated 

reporting in the group.

Conduct an independent 

Review concluded in June 2010 with findings 

King III readiness assessment 

presented to the board and management. The 

to ascertain compliance gaps

status of compliance and action steps for 

continuous improvement are discussed on 

page 150.

Initiate an integrated risk and 

A project was initiated in conjunction with our risk 

compliance process adhering 

management advisers to address current 

to best-practice standards, 
supported by enabling 

shortcomings of our risk management methodology 
and to align with industry best practices such as 

technology

ISO 31000. The first phase of the project — 

identifying relevant gaps and making 

recommendations — is complete. 

The second phase – refining the current 

methodology and implementing enabling 

technology — is under way. 

readiness assessment in 2009, undertaken 

by  our  independent  sustainability  and 

Review current board 

committee structures, 

The review was completed in December 2010 

and comparative benchmarks obtained for 

governance 

advisers. 

Through 

composition and terms of 

implementation in 2011.

independent  advice,  we  ensure  we 

reference against best-practice 

continue  to  improve  our  well-established 

requirements

corporate  governance  processes  and 

Review organisational 

As part of the Siyaya programme it was proposed 

remain  abreast  of  the  latest  industry 

structures and processes to 

that governance, risk and compliance be merged 

developments.

address governance, risk and 

into a single business unit to ensure all related 

compliance in an effective, 

processes are integrated and that monitoring risk 

integrated and consistent 

and compliance is done independently.

manner

The review and adoption of a 

A new fraud-prevention policy was adopted in 

new fraud-prevention policy 

November 2010, supported by a dedicated 

and process

governance forum, the ethics committee, to ensure 

effective management of the process.

Conduct independent board 

To assess the skills and experience of each board 

assessments

member and the board as a whole, an independent 

board assessment was conducted by the Institute of 

Directors. 

148 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Ethics
Exxaro 

is  committed  to  the  highest 

reported  at  corporate  level  for  forensic 

totally anonymous for their protection.

In  2010,  31  cases  of  alleged  fraud  were 

people  report  incidents  while  remaining 

standards  of  honesty, 

integrity  and 

fairness,  and  has  zero  tolerance  for  the 

commissioning 

or 

concealment 

of 

fraudulent acts by employees, contractors 

or  suppliers.  To  support  this  approach,  a 

revised 

fraud-prevention  policy  was 

adopted during the review period.

The  group  has  an  ethics  committee 

comprising executives and representatives 

of  internal  audit  and  the  chief  audit 

executive. The committee, chaired by the 

finance  director,  meets  monthly 

to 

consider  issues  of  non-compliance  to  the 

group  code  of  ethics  and/or  conflict  of 

investigation, 11 of these via the ethics line. 

Eight  of  these  led  to  disciplinary  action 

and the dismissal of employees concerned. 

Four  cases  were  also  reported  to  the 

Key findings of the King III 
readiness assessment
The release of King III is a milestone in the 

South  African  Police  Service  (SAPS)  for 

evolution of corporate governance in South 

criminal  prosecution.  The  estimated 

Africa  and  offers  significant  opportunities 

impact  or  saving  to  the  group  of  prompt 

for  Exxaro  to  enhance  current  corporate 

action  against  suspected 

fraud  was 

governance  practices.  King  III  has  opted 

R4,5  million.  At  business  unit  level,  over 

for  an  “apply  or  explain”  governance 

160 cases of alleged fraud were reported, 

framework.  This  means  that  where  the 

resulting in disciplinary action in 36 cases 

board believes it to be in the best interests 

and 17 cases reported to SAPS.

of  the  company,  it  can  adopt  a  different 

The types of fraud investigated included:
>   Fraudulently changing bank accounts

practice 

from 

that  recommended 

in 

King III, but must explain this.

interest policy as well as matters reported 

>   Credit card fraud

The  table  summarises  key  observations 

on  the  ethics  line  or  to  management. 

Required investigations are conducted by 
a dedicated forensics team. This approach 

>   Tender fraud

>   A  fraudulent  payment  scheme  (crime 

is  reinforced  by  articles  highlighting  the 

syndicate)

independent  review  of  the  principles  of 
King  III  and  its  adoption  in  Exxaro.  The 

findings are the result of an independent 

>   Submitting false qualifications

and  areas  for  consideration  from  an 

importance  of  ethical  behaviour  in  the 

>   Fraudulent orders (crime syndicate with 

review  completed  by  a  leading  corporate 

quarterly internal newsletter.

possible employee collusion).

governance  adviser  in  the  second  half  of 

A  dedicated  ethics  line  is  in  place  to 

report  all  ethical  matters 

including 

possible  fraud  and  corruption.  This  is 

independently  operated  by  Tip-Offs  at  a 

cost of R100 000 per annum. 

Employees  and  all  stakeholders  can 

with  King  III,  the  reasons  are  given. 

report  suspected  incidents  of  fraud  or 

Actions initiated to apply or enhance the 

corruption  to  Tip-offs  at  0800  203  579 

principles are shown in the last column. 

last  year.  Where  Exxaro  does  not  comply 

or  exxaro@tip-offs.com.  This 

is  an 

independent  service  designed  to  help 

For a copy of King III contact the Institute 

of Directors at www.iodsa.co.za.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 149

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

Key:

No or minor adjustments required to conform with King III principles.

Specific gaps identified that would require focused management action to conform with King III principles.

Non-conformance with King III principles. Significant management effort required.

Chapter Governance element

Status Summary of findings

1

Ethical leadership and 
corporate citizenship

No major findings.

2

Board of directors

No major findings. 

Exxaro is currently not able to 
adopt all the principles on the 
composition of boards as our 
board structure is regulated by 
our articles of association 
based on the Pangolin 
shareholders’ agreement 
entered into between various 
parties in November 2006.

For more information, please 
contact the company secretary. 

The role of the audit committee 
must be re-assessed in light of 
its changed role, more 
specifically the:
>   review of integrated reporting
>   implementation of a 

combined assurance model

>   approving disclosure of 
sustainability issues.

The current risk management 
framework should be more 
integrated and aligned to 
industry best practice.

3

Audit committee

4

The governance of risk

Action steps for continuous 
improvement

>   Governance forum known as the ethics 

committee has been established. 

>   Fraud-prevention policy adopted by the 

board in November 2010. 

See page 149 for statistics.

Exxaro will continue with its board induction 
and extensive knowledge-enhancement 
programmes.

The structure, composition and terms of 
reference for all board committees, including 
the audit committee, were reviewed in 
December 2010 and January 2011, for 
finalisation in 2011.

At the request of the audit, risk and 
compliance committee, Exxaro has initiated a 
project to ensure that a new integrated risk 
management framework is designed and 
implemented across the group. 

The new framework will be supported by 
best-practice enabling technology that 
includes the ability to monitor all risks, 
including risks related to compliance and 
information technology.

The first phase of the project, which identified 
gaps with ISO 31000, from an organisational 
structure and process perspective, was 
concluded in October 2010. The next phase, 
which examines the implementation of 
enabling technology, will be finalised in 2011.

150 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Chapter Governance element

Status Summary of findings

5

6

7

8

The governance of 
information technology 
(IT)

Compliance with laws, 
rules, codes and  
standards

Internal audit

Governing stakeholder 
relations

This is the only new chapter in 
King III. 

The findings relate to:
>   The board not being 

sufficiently involved in IT 
strategy and governance 
>   IT risk being managed in a 

fragmented manner
>   The board not being 

sufficiently involved in the 
acquisition and disposal of IT 
goods and services.

Although Exxaro has adopted a 
compliance policy, the 
associated processes have not 
been implemented.

Exxaro should integrate risk 
management and control in its 
business processes to create 
value.

Current stakeholder relations 
policies need to be reviewed by 
the board.

The integrated report should 
also disclose the nature and 
outcome of Exxaro’s dealings 
with stakeholders.

9

Integrated reporting and 
disclosure

No major findings.

Action steps for continuous 
improvement

The new integrated risk management 
framework will include management of all IT 
risks (page 21).

Integrated compliance risk management was 
addressed from an organisational structure 
and process point of view. 

The proposed new process adheres to the 
standards of the Compliance Institute of South 
Africa and was finalised in November 2010.

We expect the integrated compliance risk 
management process to be implemented 
in 2011. 

See 4.

Exxaro has implemented a stakeholder 
relations strategy that is two pronged: a 
stakeholder management process at each 
business unit to ensure all material issues for 
internal and external stakeholders have been 
identified and a management response 
instituted; secondly, forming a stakeholder 
panel comprising independent experts and 
NGOs in the social and environment fields to 
verify that all relevant material issues have 
been identified. The report of the stakeholder 
panel is included on page 172.

A sustainability and assurance steering 
committee has been established that meets 
at least quarterly to discuss:
>   Material issues and their communication 

to the board

>   Regulatory changes that may impact the 

nature of reporting to stakeholders
>   The scope of external reporting and 

assurance.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 151

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

leadership 

Board
Role and composition
A  highlight  of  2010  was  the  appointment 
of  Dr  Len  Konar  as  chairman  of  the 
board  on  23  February  2010.  Dr  Konar 
has  extensive  experience  as  chairman 
and  provides  overall 
to 
the  board  without  limiting  the  principle 
of  collective  responsibility  of  board 
decisions.  Dr  Konar  is  also  chairman  for 
purposes  of  in-committee  discussions  at 
the transformation, remuneration, human 
resources  and  nomination  committee 
and 
is  not  a  member  of  any  other 
committee  of  the  board.  He  brings  a 
wealth  of  financial,  governance,  industry 
international  knowledge  (detailed 
and 
on  page 
the 
In 
recommendations  of  King  III,  Exxaro  has 
a unitary board structure, comprising:
>   Four 

non-executive 

independent 

line  with 

142). 

directors

>   Six non-executive directors 
>   Two executive directors.

In  assessing  the  status  of  directors,  the 
principles  contained  in  King  III  and  the 
Listings Requirements of the JSE Limited 
were used.

is  also  visible 

At  Exxaro  we  understand 
that  by 
promoting  transformation  actively  in  all 
our structures, a sustainable future will be 
ensured  in  the  communities  in  which  we 
operate.  This 
in  the 
composition  of  our  board:  we  are  proud 
that  the  majority  of  our  board  members 
are  historically  disadvantaged  South 
Africans.  The  diverse  backgrounds  of 
directors  ensure  a  wide 
range  of 
experience  in  commerce,  industry  and 
engineering. The directors have access to 
management  as  required,  and  Dr  Konar 
regularly  meets  individually  with  senior 
management to share knowledge.

The  board  defines  the  levels  of  authority 
in Exxaro and reserves specific powers to 
itself  while 
to 
delegating 
management. The collective responsibility 
of  management  vests 
the  chief 
executive officer, Mr Sipho Nkosi. Mr Nkosi 
provides  regular  reports  to  the  board  on 
progress  towards  the  group’s  objectives 

others 

in 

The  board  is  ultimately  accountable  and 
responsible  to  its  shareholders  for  the 
performance  and  affairs  of  Exxaro.  The 
board  therefore  retains  full  and  effective 
control  over  Exxaro  and  gives  strategic 
direction to its management. The board is 
also  responsible  for  ensuring  compliance 
with  all  relevant  laws,  regulations  and 
codes. 

In addition, the board has a responsibility 
the  broader  stakeholder  base  – 
to 
which 
includes  present  and  potential 
beneficiaries  of  Exxaro  products  and 
services, clients, lenders and employees – 
to  achieve  continuing  prosperity  and 
ensure its sustainability.

its  powers, 

The  board  has  a  written  charter  that 
governs 
functions  and 
responsibilities;  and  ensures  that  no  one 
board  member  has  unfettered  powers  of 
decision  making.  The  charter  is  reviewed 
annually.  The  board 
also 
formalises policies on board membership, 
composition, procedures, compliance and 
risk  management,  board  evaluation, 
induction and remuneration. A broadened 
policy  on  board  appointments  has  been 
approved by the board.

charter 

The  board  selects  and  appoints  the 
company  secretary  and  recognises  the 
pivotal role to be played by this person in 
entrenching  good  corporate  governance. 
All directors have access to the advice and 

services  of  the  company  secretary.  The 
board  has  an  established  procedure 
for  directors 
independent 
to  obtain 
professional advice at the group’s cost.

New directors are informed of their duties 
and  responsibilities  by  way  of  extensive 
induction  material,  and  also  have  access 
to  key  management  members  where 
information  on  Exxaro’s  operations  may 
be  obtained.  Visits 
to  operational 
businesses  are  included  in  the  annual 
board programme.

A  formal  ongoing  directors’  development 
programme was instituted in 2008, giving 
members  the  opportunity  to  attend 
briefing  sessions  to  ensure  they  are  kept 
up  to  date  with 
industry 
developments, risk management, financial 
reporting and corporate governance best 
practice.

local  and 

An  independent  appraisal  of  the  board 
was undertaken at the end of 2009 by the 
Institute  of  Directors.  Feedback  sessions 
were held with individual directors by the 
chairman.

The chief executive officer’s performance 
is also evaluated against his performance 
contract.  This  is  approved  annually  by 
the transformation, remuneration, human 
resources  and  nomination  committee, 
in  conjunction  with  the  chairman  of 

the board.

Attendance

 Board meetings 2010

D Konar (chairman)

WA de Klerk 

JJ Geldenhuys 

CI Griffith 

U Khumalo 

N Langeni 

VZ Mtambo 

RP Mohring 

SA Nkosi 

NL Sowazi 

J van Rooyen 

D Zihlangu 

b
e
F
3
2

P

P

P

A

A

NM

P

P

P

P

P

P

y
a
M
7
2

l

a
i
c
e
p
S

n
u
J
7

l

a
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p
S

n
u
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4
1

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a
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p
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l

u
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4
1

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1

l

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p
S

g
u
A

1
3

l

a
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p
S

p
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S
4
1

l

a
i
c
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p
S

t
c
O
6
2

P

P

P

P

P

P

A

P

P

P

P

P 

P

P

N

N

P

N

A

A

P

P

P

P

P

P

N

N

A

N

N

P

P

A

P

N

P

P

T

T

A

P

P

P

P

A

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

T

T

P

A

P

P

T

P

P

P

P

P 

A 

P

P

P

N

A

A

A

P

P

A

P

P

P

P

P

A

P

P

A

P

A

P

P

P 

v
o
N
0
3

P 

P 

P 

P 

A 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

A 

and strategy. 

P = present, A = apology, T = teleconference, N = not required, NM = not member

152 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
its  duties,  powers 

Committees of the board 
The board committees assist the board in 
executing 
and 
authorities.  The  board  delegates  to  each 
of the committees the authority required 
to  enable  the  committees  to  fulfil  their 
respective 
formal 
functions 
board-approved terms of reference.

through 

Delegating authority to board committees 
or  management  does  not  mitigate  or 
discharge  the  board  and  its  directors  of 
their  duties  and  responsibilities.  This  is 
reflected 
in  the  Exxaro  delegation-of-
authority framework which is managed by 
the office of the company secretary. This 
framework has been adopted by all wholly 
owned  subsidiaries  and 
is  reviewed 
annually.

The board has three committees through 
which it operates:
>   Audit, risk and compliance committee
>   Safety  and  sustainable  development 

committee

>   Transformation,  remuneration,  human 
resources and nomination committee.

In  the  spirit  of  transparency  and  full 
disclosure, each committee’s independent 
chairman  reports  formally  to  the  board 
after  each  meeting  on  all  matters  within 
its  duties  and  responsibilities,  including 
recommendations  on  envisaged  action 
steps. 

Board  committees  and  members  are 
authorised to obtain independent outside 
professional  advice  when  considered 
necessary. The company secretary assists 
board  committees  and  members 
in 
obtaining any such professional advice. 

Audit, risk and compliance 
(audit) committee
Apart  from  the  statutory  duties  of 
the  audit  committee  as  set  out  in  the 
Corporate  Laws  Amendment  Act,  and 
the  JSE  Listings 
the  provisions  of 
Requirements  and  King  III,  the  role  of 
this  committee  has  been  expanded  to 
include  issues  of  risk  management  and 
compliance.

The  committee  met  its  responsibilities 
under  the  current  terms  of  reference  for 
the review period.

The  terms  of  reference  will  be  expanded 
to  include  new  areas  of  responsibility,  eg 
integrated  reporting  and 
information 
technology.

The committee assists the board in:
>   Examining  and  reviewing  the  group’s 
financial  statements  and  reporting  of 
interim 
the 
final 
accompanying message to stakeholders 
and  any  other  announcements  on  the 
company’s  results  or  other  financial 
information to be made public

results, 

and 

>   Overseeing  cooperation  between  the 
internal  and  external  auditors,  and 
serving as a link between the board and 
these functions

>   Overseeing the external audit function
>   Approval of the internal audit plan, fees 
internal 

the 

and  qualifications  of 
auditors
>   Evaluating 

the 

qualification 

and 

independence of the external auditor

>   Approval of the external audit fees
>   Ensuring  effective 
controls are in place

internal  financial 

>   Reviewing  the  integrity  of  risk  control 

systems and risk policies

>   Evaluating the scope and effectiveness 

of the internal audit function

>   Evaluating the competency level of the 

financial director

>   Appointing the chief audit executive
>   Complying  with  legal  and  regulatory 

requirements.

The committee meets at least four  times 
a year.

The three members of the committee are 
non-executive members, and two of these 
are  independent.  The  finance  director, 
Wim  de  Klerk,  and  chief  audit  executive, 
Rian  Strydom,  attend  meetings  by 
invitation.  During  the  review  period,  the 
committee  considered,  and  was  satisfied 
with  the  adequacy  and  resources  of  the 
group’s  finance  function,  including  the 
appropriateness, expertise and experience 
of the finance director.

Although Exxaro is only required to rotate 
the  senior  partner  responsible  for  the 
group’s audit, we recognise that a periodic 
change 
in  external  auditors  supports 
good  governance  and  have  appointed 
PricewaterhouseCoopers 
external 
auditors from 1 January 2011.

as 

in  the 

To  ensure  consistency  in  sustainability 
reporting,  the  services  of  the  current 
assurance  provider  on  sustainability 
integrated  report  were 
issues 
retained.  The  audit  committee  has 
considered the disclosure of sustainability 
issues  in  the  integrated  report  and  is 
satisfied with the contents.

The committee has satisfied itself on the 
independence  of  the  external  auditor  in 
accordance  with  section  270A  of  the 
Principal  matters 
Companies  Act. 
considered  in  determining  independence 
included those arising from the ownership 
of  shares,  the  quantum  of  the  audit  fee 
and  the  types  and  quantum  of  the  non-
audit  services  provided  by  the  firm. 
Requisite  assurance  was  sought  and 
provided  by  the  external  auditor  that 
internal governance processes in the firm 
support  and  demonstrate  its  claim  to 
independence.

The  committee  also  determines  and 
carefully monitors the use of the external 
auditor for non-audit-related services and 
is guided by a formal policy that precludes 
from  providing 
the  external  auditor 
services 
audit 
that  would 
independence.  The  non-audit  services 
rendered  by  the  external  auditors  during 
tax  advisory 
the  period  comprised 
services, 
services, 
tax 
accounting  opinions  and  other  advisory 
services.  The  fees  applicable  to  these 
services totalled R747 288.

compliance 

impair 

committee 

nominated 

The 
the 
appointment  of  PricewaterhouseCoopers 
(PwC)  as  registered  auditors  for  the  2011 
financial year and Mr D Shango, the audit 
partner,  as  the  independent  registered 
auditor  of  the  company.  The  committee 
also  considered  and  satisfied  itself  that 
PwC,  including  its  advisors,  is  accredited 
in  terms  of  the  JSE  list  of  accredited 
auditors  as  contemplated  in  paragraph 
3.86 of the JSE Listings Requirements.

following 

The 
documents  were  submitted 
committees and board for noting:
>   Directors’ liability in terms of safety and 

compliance-related 
the 

to 

environmental statutes

>   Directors’ 

liability 

in  terms  of  the 
Competition Act 1 of 2009 (which seeks 
to  amend  the  Competition  Act  89  of 

1998) 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 153

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

>   Gap analysis on the King III report and actions required by the board and management

>   The impact of the proposed Companies Act 71 of 2008

>   Quarterly information manuals updating the board on industry, regulatory, legal and 

statutory matters.

 Audit meetings 2010 

23 Feb 

26 May 

10 Aug 

30 Nov 

J van Rooyen (chairman)

RP Mohring

NL Sowazi 

T

P

P

P = present, A = apology, T = teleconference

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

Safety and sustainable 
development (S&SD) committee
The name of this committee was changed 

from  safety,  health  and  environment 

committee 

in  2010  to  encompass 

its 

obligations to the environment, employees 

and communities impacted by operations 

in support of sustainable development. 

The  committee’s  purpose  is  to  provide 

advice to the board and, as necessary, to 

the audit, risk and compliance committee 

Transformation, remuneration, 
human resources and 
nomination committee
The purpose of this committee (known as 

Tremco) is to: 

>   Guide,  monitor,  review  and  evaluate 

Exxaro’s  progress  with  transformation, 

with  specific  reference  to  the  three 

primary  pillars:  employment  equity, 

>   Reviewing  and  recommending  to  the 

on S&SD risk matters. 

board its annual training programme

>   Maintaining procedures to review board 

In executing the governance function, the 

members’ interests.

committee will:

>   Assess 

the 

effectiveness 

of 

Although  the  board  chairman  is  not  a 

management’s 

approach 

to 

and 

member  of  this  committee,  a  separate 

activities 

in  managing  sustainability 

agenda is set for nominations committee 

risks

matters  and  the  board  chairman  takes 

>   Review  significant  S&SD 

incidents, 

community 

involvement 

and 

the chair.

preferential procurement

>   Make 

recommendations 

on 

Attendance

remuneration policies and practices for 

the  company’s  executive  directors, 

senior management and personnel

>   Review  compliance  with  all  statutory 

and  best-practice  requirements  on 

labour 

and 

industrial 

relations 

management.

  Tremco 

meetings  

2010 

RP Mohring 

(chairman)

JJ Geldenhuys 

CI Griffith 

Although this is a combined committee, a 

VZ Mntambo 

3 Feb  21 May  4 Nov 

P

A

NM

P

P

P

P

P 

P

P

A

P

process  has  been  put  in  place  to  ensure 

the  following  responsibilities  for  the 

nomination element are carried out:
>   Providing  recommendations  on  the 

composition  of  the  board  and  board 

committees  and  ensuring  that  the 

board  comprises  individuals  equipped 

to  fulfil  the  role  as  directors  of  the 

company

D Konar 

Invitee Invitee Invitee

P = present, A = apology, NM = not member

Nomination committee

  Nomination 

3 Feb  21 May  4 Nov 

committee 

meetings  

2010 

>   Annual revision of corporate governance 

D Konar 

guidelines  and  related  documents,  and 

(chairman)

providing  recommendations 

to 

the 

board as deemed advisable

>   Providing  comments  and  suggestions 

on  committee 

structures  of 

the 

board,  committee  operations,  member 

RP Mohring 

JJ Geldenhuys 

CI Griffith 

VZ Mntambo 

P

P

A

NM

P

P

P

P

P

P 

P

P

P

A

P

qualifications and member appointment

P = present, A = apology, NM = not member 

>   Establishing 

and 

maintaining 

procedures  for  interested  parties  to 

communicate with board members

154 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

performance indicators and compliance

>   Report  to  the  board  on  developments, 

trends  or  significant 

legislation  on 

S&SD  matters  relevant  to  Exxaro’s 

operations, assets and employees

>   Identify  issues  and  elements  arising 

from 

national 

and 

international 

protocols applicable to Exxaro’s S&SD

>   Ensure  the  company  reports  annually 

through  an  integrated  report  on  S&SD 

issues affecting it.

The committee meets at least three times 

a year.

Attendance

  S&SD 
meetings 
2010

JJ Geldenhuys 

(chairman)

N Langeni

RP Mohring

D Zihlangu

10 Mar 21 Jul 4 Nov

P

P

A

P

P

P

P

P

P

A

P

P

P = present, A = apology 

Management committees
Executive committee
The  executive  committee 

(Exco) 

is 

constituted  in  terms  of  the  articles  of 

association  to  assist  the  chief  executive 

officer (CEO) in managing the group.

 
Exco assists the CEO to guide and control 

Recommendations to terminate initiatives 

>   Ensuring the company’s offshore offices 

the  overall  direction  of  the  company  and 

already  in  the  current  strategy  or  to 

are  effectively  staffed,  managed  and 

acts  as  a  medium  of  communication  and 

proceed  with  initiatives  or  projects  not 

utilised.

coordination  between  the  business  units, 

included 

in  the  current  strategy  are 

corporate  service  departments  and  the 

subject to agreed governance procedures.

The  committee  meets  quarterly,  or  more 

subsidiary companies and the board.

frequently if required.

The duties of Exco include:
>   Overseeing  the  financial,  operational 

Investment review committee 
The 

investment  review  committee 

is 

constituted  as  a  management  committee 

External communications
Briefing  analysts, 

investors  and  fund 

and safety performance of Exxaro

to  assist  the  CEO  with  the  management 

managers 

is 

integral  to  maintaining 

>   Guiding  Exxaro  in  its  relations  with 

process of the group. 

shareholders  and  key  stakeholders, 

investor  relations.  However,  we  only 

provide  price-sensitive  information  after 

including 

personnel, 

regulators, 

The 

committee 

oversees 

approval 

disclosing that information to the market.

environmental interests and the media

processes  for 

investments.  These  are 

>   Developing  group  strategy  for  board 

designed to ensure they are aligned to the 

Broader stakeholder communication plans 

approval

group’s agreed strategies and values, risks 

are  in  place.  The  group  believes  in  clear, 

>   Receiving  and  considering 

regular 

are identified and evaluated, investments 

transparent, 

concise 

and 

timely 

reports  from  businesses  in  Exxaro  to 

are 

fully  optimised  to  produce  the 

dissemination  of  relevant  information  to 

monitor 

and  manage 

financial 

maximum  shareholder  value  within  an 

all stakeholders. This is achieved through 

performance

>   Ensuring 

coordination 

between 

business  units  and  corporate  service 

acceptable risk framework and appropriate 
risk management strategies are pursued.

a  multitude  of  channels  and  media, 
including  written,  electronic  and  verbal 

presentations.  Specifically,  there  are  a 

departments

The main purpose of the committee is to 

number  of  mechanisms  for  stakeholders 

>   Regularly  reviewing  the  adequacy  of 

review investments in a structured, formal 

to  interact  with  the  board  and  its  sub-

reporting 

arrangements 

and 

and transparent manner to ensure:

committees. These include annual general 

effectiveness  of  internal  control  and 

>   Each  project  meets  the  strategic, 

meetings,  representative 

forums  and 

risk management

technical and investment requirements 

internal  communications  across  a  range 

>   Approving  or  recommending  to  the 

of 

the  company,  which 

includes 

of platforms.

board  expenditure  and  other  financial 

identifying  and  managing  all  project-

commitments  as  specified 

in 

the 

related risks

framework 

for 

the  delegation  of 

>   Critical  decisions,  project  parameters, 

Marketing communication
In  line  with  its  corporate  values,  Exxaro 

authority

safety,  health  and  environmental 

communicates  regularly  and  openly  with 

>   Acting  as  a  responsible  corporate 

impacts and governance processes are 

all  stakeholders.  At  all 

times,  our 

citizen with an ethical culture.

followed  and  addressed  prior 

to 

communications  adhere  to  the 

laws, 

committing funds

standards and voluntary codes of accepted 

>   Each  project  enhances  the  portfolio 

marketing  communication  in  the  areas 

Portfolio review committee
The  portfolio 

review  committee 

is 

value of the company.

constituted  as  a  strategy  management 

committee to assist the CEO with portfolio 

management.

Offshore review committee
This  committee  assists  the  CEO  and 

finance  director  with  the  management 

The 

committee  ensures 

that  new 

process  of  Exxaro’s  portfolio  of  offshore 

opportunities  fit  Exxaro’s  portfolio  and 

investments  and  interests.  The  primary 

where  we  operate.  During  the  year,  no 

incidents 

of 

non-compliance  were 

recorded.

Implementation of the mining 
charter
In  2009,  the  Department  of  Mineral 

determines strategic priorities. It oversees 

responsibilities of the committee include:

Resources  promulgated  codes  of  good 

strategic initiatives and investigations into 

>   Financial  control  and  governance  of 

practice  for  the  mining  industry.  In  2010, 

the  viability  of  potential 

investment 

Exxaro’s  offshore 

investments  and 

the  review  of  the  mining  charter  was 

projects 

throughout 

the  group.  The 

multi-disciplinary interests

finalised and the accompanying scorecard 

committee  discusses  and  challenges 

>   Efficient financial structuring

adjusted.  Exxaro  already  complies  with 

Exxaro’s portfolio performance as well as 

>   Providing 

for 

funding 

offshore 

several  aspects  of  the  revised  scorecard 

intended strategic initiatives and projects. 

investments and expenditure

and  steady  progress  is  being  made  in 

Initiatives  aligned  with 

the  current 

>   Ensuring  financial  reporting,  auditing 

those  areas  where  the  group  does  not 

strategy  are  included  in  proceedings  of 

and  tax-related 

issues  are  properly 

fully  comply.  The  table  overleaf  sets  out 

the 

investment 

review 

committee. 

managed

the status on compliance:

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 155

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

MINING CHARTER SCORECARD
In 2009, the Department of Mineral Resources promulgated codes of good practice for the mining 
industry. In 2010, the review of the mining charter was finalised and the accompanying scorecard 
adjusted. Exxaro already complies with several aspects of the revised scorecard and steady progress 
is being made in those areas where the group does not fully comply.

Exxaro Resources: 2010 scorecard for the broad-based socio-economic mining empowerment charter 

Element

Reporting

Ownership

Description

Measure

Compliance target by 2014

Has the company reported the 
level of compliance with the 
charter for the calendar year
Minimum target for effective HDSA 
ownership

Documentary proof of receipt from 
the department

Annually

Meaningful economic participation 

26%

Housing and 
living conditions

Conversion and upgrading of 
hostels to attain the occupancy 
rate of one person per room. 

Full shareholder rights
Percentage reduction of 
occupancy rate towards 2014 
target

26%
Occupancy rate of one person per 
room

Conversion and upgrading of 
hostels into family units

Percentage conversion of hostels 
into family units

Family units established

Procurement and 
enterprise 
development

Procurement spent on BEE entity

Capital goods

Services
Consumable goods
Annual spend on procurement 
from multi-national suppliers
Top management (board)

Senior management 
Middle management
Junior management
Core skills
HRD expenditure as percentage of 
total annual payroll (excluding 
mandatory skills development 
levy)

Employment 
equity

Multinational suppliers 
contribution to the social fund
Diversification of the workplace to 
reflect the country’s demographics 
to attain competitiveness

Human resources 
development

Developing requisite skills, 
including support for South 
Africa-based research and 
development initiatives intended 
to develop solutions in exploration, 
mining, processing, technology 
efficiency (energy and water use in 
mining), beneficiation as well as 
environmental conservation

40%

70%
50%
0,5%

40%

40%
40%
40%
40%
5%

156 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Compliance target
2010

Mining charter report will be submitted to DMR during March 2011

Progress achieved by 

15%

15%

Accommodation
>   Number of people sharing hostel rooms = 40.
>   Number of employees accommodated in single quarters (one person per room) = 1 505
>   Number of employees staying in family quarters = 417
>   Number of company houses sold to employees = 948
Bargaining unit employees receive either a housing allowance or a living-out allowance for accommodation. 
These allowances differ by job grading and are annually revised through collective bargaining. Non-bargaining 
unit employees receive an all-inclusive remuneration package.
5%

30%
10%
0,5%

20%

20%
30%
40%
15%
3%

Actual
2010

52,10%

52,10%
1,15% of 
employees 
in company 
– provided 
accommodation

417 family units 
established

43%

24%
25%
0,5%

50% 

30% 
51% 
63% 
25% 
5,1%

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 157

 
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

MINING CHARTER SCORECARD CONTINUED

Exxaro Resources: 2010 scorecard for the broad-based socio-economic mining empowerment charter (continued)

Element

Description

Measure

Compliance target by 2014

Mine community 
development

Conduct ethnographic community 
consultative and collaborative 
processes to delineate community 
needs analysis

Sustainable 
development and 
growth

Improvement of the industry’s 
environmental management

Improvement of the industry’s 
mine health and safety 
performance
Utilisation of South Africa-based 
research facilities for analysis of 
samples across the mining value

Implement approved community 
projects

Up-to-date project implementation

Implement approved 
environmental management 
programmes (EMPs)
Implementation of tripartite action 
plan on health and safety

Percentage of samples in South 
African facilities

100%

100%

100%

Beneficiation

Contribution towards beneficiation 
(effective from 2012)

Added production volume 
contributory to local value addition 
beyond the baseline 

Section 26 of MRPDA (% above 
baseline)

158 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Progress achieved by 
Compliance target
2010

Actual
2010

>   Continual engagement with all stakeholders (ie authorities, interested and affected parties) ensures a 

collaborative approach in implementing community projects

>   The establishment of a formal ethnographic consultative and collaborative socio-economic development 

forum at each business unit to be finalised during June 2011

>   Total spend on socio-economic development in 2010 was 2,5% of net profit after tax
Programmes are in place to achieve the compliance target by 2014

In terms of implementing the tripartite action plan, Exxaro has developmental plans for 70% of the actions. 
These span continuous improvement in safety and health, transforming our culture, training, adopting leading 
practices, and supporting related research.
Exxaro has a research and development department and commissioned research was 100% South Africa-based 
in 2010.
>   In addition, Exxaro approved three tertiary chairs as part of its research support initiatives:
>   Exxaro chair in global change and sustainability at Wits
>   Exxaro chair in business and climate change at Unisa
>   Exxaro chair in biodiversity and business at University of Pretoria
Exxaro is in the business of mining and beneficiating minerals. Products like coal and zinc are sold as final 
products and used in other processes; they therefore cannot be further beneficiated. Other products like 
mineral sands are beneficiated to a semi state (slag). While these products are being investigated to increase 
beneficiation rates, they are technically complex processes and thus long-term projects.

Exxaro does not benefit from incentives in the mining charter for beneficiation as the group cannot offset 
ownership with beneficiation initiatives. Exxaro is already BEE owned. Exxaro is a founder member of SAMMRI 
(an industry/government (dti)/academic institution) initiative on long-term research in beneficiation to develop 
value-adding technologies and internal skills (HDSA) in South Africa.

A downstream project is our market coke initiative, where we are investigating the production of market coke 
as a reductant for the chrome industry. Certain technology evaluation accompanies this initiative. Our coal 
beneficiation target for 2014 is 0,5%.

Calendar 2009 was the first full production year for Exxaro’s char plant. Coal from Grootegeluk is beneficiated 
in the char plant, and the product sold locally to ferrochrome smelters as a reductant. Tar is processed as a 
by-product and sold to a tar-refining company for further processing into products such as wood preservatives. 
The full production capacity of the plant is 140ktpa char and 8ktpa of tar.

The mineral sands business unit is investigating downstream beneficiation opportunities for titania slag and 
zircon. A number of new titanium metal production technologies were investigated with the aim of establishing 
a local production facility. Investigations and studies are long term and ongoing.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 159

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

Remuneration report
Introduction
As  indicated  in  the  legal,  regulatory  and 

compliance  review,  PwC  was  engaged  to 

assess compliance with the King III report, 

including  a  remuneration  perspective.  A 

number  of  actions  were  undertaken  in 

2010  to  align  with  these  remuneration 

requirements;  however,  achieving 

full 

compliance will be an ongoing exercise in 

coming years.

Remuneration philosophy
The  Exxaro  brand  is  built  on  a  strong 

vision  –  everything  we  do  and  deliver 

today  will  allow  others  to  realise  their 

vision  tomorrow.  Exxaro  believes  in  the 

power  of  people  and  their  ability  to 

explore and shift boundaries that lead to 

success.  Exxaro’s  people  strategies  have 

been  developed  to  reinforce  the  brand 

values of:

>   People powered

>   Inspired leaders

>   Leading performance

>   Sustainable effort.

A total remuneration approach is followed. 

This  includes  guaranteed  and  variable 

components  which  play  a  critical  role  in 

attracting,  motivating  and  retaining  the 

high-performing  and  talented  individuals 

required to achieve Exxaro’s objectives.

We recognise that one of our competitive 

sources  of  value  is  our  people,  and  we 

believe  that  to  meet  our  corporate  goals 

and  business  objectives,  our  reward 

policies and objectives must:

>   Be an integral part of an overall human 

resource  strategy,  geared  to  support 

business strategies

>   Be  designed  to  motivate  and  reinforce 

At the annual general meeting to be held 

superior performance

on  19  May  2011,  shareholders  will  be 

>   Be  designed  to  motivate  and  reinforce 

requested  to  approve  the  remuneration 

living the values in an outstanding and 

policy  as  outlined  in  this  report  and  that 

demonstrable manner

the  board  of  directors  be  authorised  to 

>   Encourage 

the 

development 

of 

undertake 

the  necessary 

acts 

to 

organisational 

and 

individual 

implement  the  remuneration  policy  as 

performance

summarised 

here.  Resolutions 

for 

>   Encourage 

the 

development 

of 

consideration are included in the notice of 

competencies  required  to  meet  future 

meeting on page 304.

business needs

>   Be based on the premise that employees 

should  share  in  the  success  of  the 

company

Remuneration benchmarking
External  remuneration  benchmarking  for 

executives  and  general  staff  positions  is 

>   Be designed to attract and retain high-

done continually and external comparisons 

quality  individuals  with  the  optimum 

are reported to Tremco every six months.

mix of competencies

>   Be  aimed  at  securing  our  people’s 

The  benchmarking  used 

for  median 

commitment  to  goals  via  the  optimum 

performance  of  the  management  and 

mix  of  financial  and  non-financial 
rewards.

specialist category is the 50th percentile 
(median)  of  the  market’s  guaranteed 

Remuneration governance 
The transformation, remuneration, human 

remuneration  values.  Exxaro  allows  for  a 

30%  differentiation  from  median  market 

values  depending  on  the  performance 

resources  and  nomination  committee 

rating of the individual.

(Tremco) sets and monitors non-executive 

and  executive  remuneration  policies  for 

the 

company.  This 

committee 

is 

Remuneration policy
The total remuneration approach includes 

responsible for making recommendations 

guaranteed  and  variable  components,  as 

on remuneration policies and practices for 

noted  earlier,  to  attract,  motivate  and 

the company’s executive directors, senior 

retain the caliber of individuals required to 

management and personnel in general. 

achieve Exxaro’s objectives.

The  committee  comprises  four  non-

executive  directors.  The  CEO,  finance 

director (FD), executive general manager: 

human  resources,  and  compensation  and 

benefits advisers may be invited to attend 

any  meeting  but  they  have  no  voting 

rights.  For  full  details  on  the  committee, 

refer to the review on page 154.

160 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Exxaro remuneration: overview

Remuneration elements

F band

E band

DU band

DL band

CU band

A-DL band

Management and specialist category employees

employees

Bargaining category 

Guaranteed 

Notional cost of 

Annual adjustments based on:

remuneration

employment or 

>   Performance

basic salary

>   External market benchmark

>   Internal parity

>   Affordability

Annual adjustments 

based on:

>   Wage negotiations 

>   Mandate on 

affordability

Benefits

>   Retirement fund: employer and employee contributions

>   Medical aid: employer and employee contributions

>   Housing: Company housing or allowances/subsidies applicable to a specific business unit

Circumstantial 

>   Job-specific 

remuneration

>   Skills scarcity 

Variable 

Short-term 

remuneration

incentives

Long-term 

Incentives

Not applicable

Special performance: 
>   Individual 

performance base

>   On-target incentive:

>   Business unit stretch budget achievement

Second and third tier above target improvement incentives:

>   Capped at 30% of Exxaro above-budget improvement

>   Annually set stretched targets

Deferred 

Not applicable

bonus 

plan

>   Share 

match

Long-term incentive 

Not applicable

scheme
>   Performance 

conditions

Share appreciation right scheme

Not applicable

>   Performance conditions

Not applicable

Mpower scheme

>   3% and five-year employee share option scheme

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 161

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

Guaranteed remuneration
Management and specialist 
category
Employees 

in 

the  management  and 

>   Affordability:  all  salary  account-related 

mandates first to be included in Exxaro 

financial 

forecasting  model 

to 

determine affordability.

specialist  category,  including  executives, 

are  remunerated  on  a  total-package 

approach.  Guaranteed 

remuneration 

adjustments  to  employees’  are  based  on 

Non-management category
in 
Employees 

the  non-management 

category are remunerated on a traditional 

Retirement funds
Retirement  fund  contributions  are  made 

according  to  the  specific  conditions  of 

employment  and  fund  rules  for  the 

different 

levels  and 

categories  of 

employees.  Employer  and  employee 

contributions to these funds are reflected 

in  note  30  of  the  annual  financial 

the following fundamental principles: 

menu  package  consisting  of  basic  salary, 

statements.

>   Remuneration  based  on  performance: 

housing allowance, employer contributions 

individual performance contracting and 

to  retirement  and  medical  funds.  Annual 

assessment

adjustments  are  determined 

through 

>   External  competitiveness:  use 

the 

wage negotiations as applicable.

market median for median performance 

per  job  family,  per  level  as  reference 

point to determine competitiveness

>   Internal  equity:  same 

job  –  same 

Benefits
Contributions  to  retirement  funds  and 

medical aids are made by both employees 

performance  –  same  pay 

(except 

and employers. 

circumstantial)

Employees belong to any one of the following retirement funds:

Fund description

Chamber of Mines

Sentinel Funds

Mine Employees Pension Funds

Namakwa Sands Sentinel Funds

Alexander Forbes Pension Fund

Coris Capital Pension Funds (non-package and notional cost of 
employment)

Rosh Pinah Retirement Fund

BillProv

Iscor Employees Umbrella Provident Fund

Mine Workers Provident Funds

Namakwa Sands Provident Funds (C up & D+)

Zincor: Iscor Provident Fund – old

Employee 
% contribution 
or range

Employer 
% contribution 
or range

Total 
% contribution 
or range

13,20

7,50-10,70

7,50-10,70

6,50-7,50

7,50

7,00

9,75

7,00

7,00

11,45

12,50-20,52

12,50-15,00

13,90-26,60

12,50

10,00

16,25

10,50

10,00

24,65

20,00-28,02

20,00-24,65

20,40-34,10

20,00

17,00

26,00

17,50

17,00

7,50-10,70

7,50

8,00

12,50-15,00

9,00-15,00

14,74

20,00-24,65

16,50-22,50

22,74

Zincor: Selector Umbrella – (new and old)

7,00-8,00

10,00-14,74

17,00-22,74

Exxaro-accredited retirement funds are defined contribution funds. Any actuarially valued defined benefit fund obligation disclosed in 

the annual financial statements (refer to note 30) merely recognises past practice with no new entrants allowed. 

162 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Medical benefit funds
Employees may annually elect to belong to any of the following medical schemes:

Business unit

Fund names

Exxaro Coal 

Mpumalanga

Namakwa Sands

Exxaro Sands

Zincor

Exxaro Other

Bonitas

Bonitas

Bonitas

Bonitas

Discovery

Discovery

Discovery

Discovery

Discovery

Sizwe

WCMAS (ring-

fenced)

Employee

contributions

Employer 

contributions

50%

50%

* Employer contribution included in package.

Umvuzo

Sizwe

Sizwe

50%

50%

*100%

0%

50%

50%

Umvuzo

40%

60% to a max of 

R1 765

Exxaro  does  not  provide  any  post-

retirement  medical  benefits.  The  post-

Individual performance reward
A short-term incentive scheme focused on 

The second and third tier are profit based 

and  30%  of  gains  above  budget  are 

retirement benefit obligation disclosed in 

the  individual  is  used  to  augment  the 

shared with employees.

the annual financial statements (note 30) 

people performance management process 

merely  recognises  past  practice  which 

and retention strategy. 

was  discontinued  with  the  creation  of 

Exxaro in November 2006. 

Three-tier performance incentive
This 

three-tier 

performance 

is 

a 

Incentives  are  profit-based  and  gains 

above  set  targets  are  shared  (up  to  a 

maximum of 30%) with employees.

Contributions  to  medical  funds,  charged 

incentive 

created 

to 

reinforce 

a 

The 

three-level  short-term 

incentive 

against 

income,  are  also  reflected 

in 

performance culture. Accordingly, all full-

scheme structure is set out below:

note 30.

Variable remuneration
Exxaro  strives  to  create  a  culture  of 

powering possibilities, based on the belief 

that  people  can  make  the  difference  and 

are a major resource in delivering sterling 

business  results.  Incentive  schemes  are 

focused on the strategic objectives of the 

organisation. 

Short-term incentives
The following schemes based on individual 

business unit, commodity and group level 

performance are in place:

>   Individual performance reward

>   A three-tier performance incentive

  —  On-target business unit incentive

  —  Commodity improvement incentive

  —  Group improvement incentive.

time  employees  participate 

in 

this 

incentive scheme.

Three-tier performance incentive

t
e
g
d
u
b
n
o
t
n
e
m
e
v
o
r
p
m

i

%

Tier 3

Tier 2

Stretch

budget

Tier 1

Potential pay-out

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 163

 
 
 
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

First tier 
The  first  tier  is  a  line-of-sight  incentive 

Second tier
The second tier is based on exceeding the 

Long-term incentives
Exxaro  makes  general  share  offers  to 

based on achieving 100% of the business 

budgeted  consolidated  net  operating 

participants  once  a  year  in  terms  of  the 

unit’s set net operating profit target and is 

profit 

target  by 

an 

improvement 

following approved schemes:

currently equal to 8,33% of annual gross 

percentage at commodity level. 

>   Exxaro share appreciation right scheme 

remuneration  for  all  full-time  employees 

of  every  business  unit,  commodity  and 

corporate staff department. 

Third tier
The  third  tier  is  based  on  exceeding  the 

budgeted 

consolidated 

group 

net 

operating profit target above the second-

tier level. 

(SAR)

>   Exxaro long-term incentive plan (LTIP)

>   Deferred bonus plan (DBP).

The table below summarises Exxaro’s long-term incentives:

Rights
shares on 
31 Dec
2009

Maximum 
award per 
individual

Date 
implemented

Performance 
condition

Vesting 
period

Total 
grants 
since 
inception
 to 31 Dec 
2010

Grants
 during 
2010

01-03-2007

6 937 922

193 364 HEPS* 

3 years

1 797 040

6 847 500

01-03-2007

523 789

156 632

performance 
condition

50% TSR** 
50% ROCE*** 
performance 
condition

3 years

427 542

1 670 112

31-08-2007

96 374

18 285 None

3 years

31 318

104 700

Plan

Share 
appreciation 
rights

Long-term 
incentive plan

Deferred bonus 
plan

Eligibility

D3-F5
employee 
Paterson 
band

E2-F5
employee 
Paterson 
band

E4-F5
employee 
Paterson 
band

    * Headline earnings per share
  ** Total shareholder return
*** Return on capital employed

Exxaro share appreciation right scheme
Share appreciation rights are rights to receive Exxaro shares equal to the value of the difference between the exercise price and the 

grant price. 

Vesting  of  the  share  appreciation  rights  is  subject  to  a  HEPS  performance  condition,  over  a  three-year  performance  period,  set  by 

Tremco. If the performance condition is met, the share appreciation rights vest and participants have a further period of seven years 

from date of original offer in which to exercise these. 

Total rights granted and cancelled: 31 December 2009 to 31 December 2010

Share incentive scheme

Number of rights/shares 
not yet exercised on
31 Dec 2009

Offered
2010

Cancelled
2010

Number of rights/shares 
not yet exercised on
31 Dec 2010

Share appreciation right scheme

5 851 231

1 797 040

322 769

6 937 921

Details of transactions by participants have been excluded.

164 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Long-term incentive plan (LTIP)
Exxaro  employees  in  top  and  senior  management  levels  participate  in  the  LTIP  with  total  shareholder  return  and  return  on  capital 

employed performance conditions 

The LTIP allows for the conditional grant of Exxaro shares to qualifying employees, subject to performance conditions being met over a 

performance period of three years. The number of shares vesting of the conditional share award, after the performance period, depends 

on the extent to which the performance conditions, total shareholder return and return on capital employed as determined by Tremco 

have been satisfied.

Under the rules of the LTIP, Exxaro will procure the delivery of Exxaro shares to settle the value of the vested portion of the conditional 

share award. The conditional share awards which do not vest at the end of the performance period will lapse. 

Total awards granted and cancelled: 31 December 2009 to 31 December 2010

Share incentive scheme

Number of shares 
not yet exercised on
31 Dec 2009

Offered
2010

Cancelled
2010

Number of shares 
not yet exercised on
31 Dec 2010

Long-term incentive plan

1 549 575

427 542

39 361

1 523 789

Details of transactions by participants have been excluded.

Deferred bonus plan (DBP)
The purpose of the DBP is to encourage directors and senior employees to use part of their after-tax values of short-term incentive and 

special performance reward payment to acquire shares (pledged shares) in Exxaro. Participants who own pledged shares are entitled to 

all rights in respect of these shares, including dividend and voting rights. 

If the pledged shares are held for the pledge period of three years and the participants remain in the employ of the company for the 

pledge period, then the company will provide a matching award of free shares (matching shares). 

Total awards granted and cancelled: 31 December 2009 to 31 December 2010

Share incentive scheme

Deferred bonus plan

Number of rights/shares 
not yet exercised on
31 Dec 2009

Offered
2010

Cancelled
2010

Number of rights/shares 
not yet exercised on
31 Dec 2010

67 114

31 318

0

96 374

Details of transactions by participants have been excluded.

Kumba share option scheme
Details on the discontinued Kumba share option scheme are comprehensively addressed under equity compensation benefits in note 30 

to the annual financial statements.

Date 
implemented

Options on 
31 Dec
2009

Maximum 
award per 
individual

Performance 
condition

Vesting 
period

Total 
issued 
since 
inception
 to 31 Dec 
2010

Options 
granted
 during 
2010

03-12-2001

 1 459 520 

77 880

none

7 years

0

0

Plan

Eligibility

Exxaro options

Unbundling of 
Kumba 
Resources on 
26-11-2001

The option scheme was discontinued after the introduction of the share appreciation right scheme.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 165

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

Mpower (Exxaro employee share option scheme)
This scheme provides incentives to participants, attracts new employees and retains current staff. Another key purpose is to promote 

BEE in the company. The trust obtained some 3% of Exxaro’s shares:

>   All shares are unitised and granted to qualifying employees

>   The initial award – all employees in service on 26 November 2006 received 1 068 units with pro rata awards to new employees after 

this date.

Dividends are paid to participants: they qualify for 50% of each dividend (tax free) and the remaining 50% of dividend services the loan.

The capital appreciation period for the scheme is five years and ends in November 2011, when proceeds calculated in accordance with 

the trust deed and applicable taxation legislation will be paid to participants.

Current unit status of Mpower Trust:

2009
Closing unit balance 
31 Dec 2009

Units cancelled

Units cancelled death

Units awarded

Closing unit balance 
31 Dec 2010

2010

8 806 243

(365 071)

(83 331)

177 732

8 535 573

Remuneration of:
Executive directors, non-executive directors and senior managers
Directors

Information of the remuneration of executive directors and non-executive directors is reflected in the directors’ report on page 190. 

Senior managers

Recommended practice, in line with King III (2.26.2), is to disclose the salaries of the three most highly paid employees who are not 

directors. Exxaro decided to disclose the top four.

Earnings of four top earners excluding executive directors:

Annual (2010)

Guaranteed

Short-term incentives

Company 
contributions 
retirement 
and medical

Totals

STI

SPI

Total

244 334
206 986
230 634
255 450

3 271 203
2 982 106
3 051 468
3 030 570

436 871
268 386
430 298
365 881

773 729
566 592
627 625
551 444

1 210 600
834 978
1 057 923
 917 325

Total
package

3 026 869
2 775 120
2 820 834
2 775 120

Long-term 
incentives
Grant face 
value
exercised 
31 Dec 2009 
– 31 Dec 2010

1 171 640
617 635
1 111 767
483 709

Name and initials

Venter PE
Arran PT
Mgojo MDM
Van Niekerk WH

RP Mohring
Chairman

Transformation, human resources and remuneration committee

166 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Shareholder 
information and 
analysis
Market listings and other 
information
The principal market for Exxaro is the JSE 

Limited. As a constituent of the All Share 

Top  40  Index  (ALSI40  Index),  Exxaro 

shares trade through the Strate system.

Closing JSE share prices are published in 

most national and regional South African 

newspapers  and  are  available  during  the 

day  on  the  Exxaro  and  other  websites. 

Share  prices  are  also  available  on  I-Net 

Bridge, Reuters and Bloomberg.

Exxaro has an over-the-counter sponsored 

American depositary receipt (ADR) facility 

with the Bank of New York (BoNY) under a 

deposit 

agreement. 

For 

additional 

information,  please  refer  to  the  BoNY 

website: www.adrbny.com.

ADR holders
ADR  holders  may  instruct  BoNY  on  how 

shares represented by their ADRs should 

be voted. Registered holders of ADRs will 

have annual and interim reports mailed to 

them at their recorded address. Brokers or 

All  enquiries  about  shares  held  in  ADR 

financial  institutions  holding  ADRs  for 

form  should  be  directed  to  BoNY,  with 

shareholder  clients  are  responsible  for 

contact details set out on the inside back 

forwarding  shareholder 

information  to 

cover.

their clients.

Dividend determination
Dividends are determined in South African 

Shareholders  can  obtain  details  about 

their  own  shareholding  on  the  internet. 

Full  details,  including  how  to  gain  secure 

rand  (ZAR)  and  declared  payable 

in 

access to this personalised enquiry facility, 

the  same  currency  by  the  group.  ADR 

are  provided  on  the  Computershare 

shareholders are paid in US dollars by the 

website: www.computershare.com.

group’s ADR bank, BoNY. BoNY effects the 

conversion  of  ZAR-determined  dividends 

in  US  dollars  on  behalf  of  its  US  ADR 

shareholders.  Contact  Computershare  or 

BoNY for further details.

Shareholder communication
General shareholder enquiries
Computershare is the registrar for Exxaro. 
All general enquiries and correspondence 

Publication of financial 
statements
Shareholders  wishing  to  view  the  annual 

report  or  interim  report  in  electronic 

rather  than  paper  form  can  access  it  on 

the Exxaro website: www.exxaro.com.

Major shareholders
As  of  31  December  2010,  the  one  entity 

concerning  shareholders 

(other 

than 

known  to  Exxaro  as  owning  more  than 

shares  held  in  ADR  form)  should  be 

10%  of  its  shares  is  Main  Street  333 

directed to the registrar. Computershare’s 

(Pty)  Limited  with  186 550 873  shares, 

contact  details  are  on  the  inside  back 

representing  52,10%  of  the  number  of 

cover. 

Shareholders  must 

notify 

shares  in  issue.  This  entity  is  commonly 

Computershare promptly in writing of any 

referred to as BEE Holdco (page 5).

change of address.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 167

REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AND  
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CONTINUED

Registered shareholder spread 
as at 31 December 2010

Issued share capital: 358 089 230

Registered shareholder spread

Shareholder spread

1 – 1 000 shares

1 001 – 10 000 shares

10 001 – 100 000 shares

100 001 – 1 000 000 shares

1 000 001 shares and above

Total

Public and non-public shareholdings

Shareholder spread

NON-PUBLIC SHAREHOLDERS

Main Street 333 (Pty) Limited

Anglo American Corp of SA Limited

Exxaro Employee Empowerment

Kumba Management Share Trust

Kumba Bestuursaandele Trust

D Konar

WA De Klerk

SA Nkosi*

VZ Mntambo*

D Zihlangu*

NL Sowazi*

Number 
of holders

% of total 
shareholders

Number 
of shares

% of 
issued capital

19 748

3 327

603

152

23

82,79

13,95

2,53

0,64

0,10

5 836 578

9 685 427

19 244 323

42 245 466

281 077 436

23 853

100,00

358 089 230

1,63

2,70

5,37

11,80

78,50

100,00

Number 
of holders

% of total 
shareholders

Number 
of shares

% of 
issued capital

65,24

52,10

9,70

2,97

0,41

0,04

0,00

0,02

7

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0,05

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

0,00

233 573 805

186 550 873

34 730 282

10 618 974

1 459 520

159 038

168

54 950

9 698 806

5 529 881

2 818 552

3 038 387

PUBLIC SHAREHOLDERS

Total

*  Indirectly held through Main Street 333 (Pty) Limited.

23 846

23 853

99,95

124 515 425

100,00

358 089 230

34,76

100,00

168 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Beneficial shareholdings above 3%

Beneficial shareholdings

Main Street 333 (Pty) Limited

Anglo American Corp of SA Limited

Public Investment Corporation

Total

Beneficial shareholder categories

Category

Black economic empowerment

Pension funds

Corporate holding

Unit trusts

Other 

Retail investor

Employees

Insurance companies

Foreign government

American depositary receipts

Investment trust

University

Charity

Local authority

Other

Total

1 Includes categories above 2% only.

Total 
shareholding

% of 
issued capital

186 550 873

34 730 282

19 001 010

240 282 165

52,10

9,70

5,31

67,10

Total 
shareholding

% of 
issued capital

186 550 873

37 917 173

35 276 164

31 874 508

16 557 128

16 080 438

10 618 974

8 443 831

6 110 896

572 441

393 903

154 540

60 709

34 000

7 443 652

52,10

10,59

9,85

8,90

4,62

4,49

2,97

2,36

1,71

0,16

0,11

0,04

0,02

0,01

2,08

358 089 230

100,00

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 169

INDEPENDENT ASSURANCE REPORT TO THE 
DIRECTORS AND MANAGEMENT OF EXXARO 
RESOURCES LIMITED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

Scope of our engagement
We  have  completed  our 

independent 

assurance  engagement  to  enable  us  to 

express our limited assurance conclusions 

on Exxaro Resources Limited’s (‘Exxaro’s’) 

reporting 

of  material 

sustainable 

development  risks  and  opportunities  and 

used 

to  manage 

identified  material 

Assurance  Engagements  Other  Than 

sustainability  risks  and  opportunities  as 

Audits  or  Reviews  of  Historical  Financial 

related  to  the  following  key  performance 

Information.  This  standard  requires  us  to 

indicators:
>   Fatalities (page 82);

comply  with  ethical  requirements  and  to 

plan  and  perform  our  engagements  to 

>   Lost Time Injuries (LTI) (page 82);

obtain  limited  assurance  regarding  the 

>   LTI  frequency  rate  (LTIFR)  (page  82); 

Report and the specified Key Performance 

views and expectations of its stakeholders; 

and

Indicators  contained  in  the  Report,  as 

that  Exxaro’s  Sustainability  Performance 

>   Electricity (page 117).

expressed in this report.

Review 2010 (‘the Report’) for the period 

ending  31  December  2010,  has  been 

prepared, 

in  all  material  respects, 

in 

accordance  with  the  self-declared  Global 

Reporting Initiative (GRI) G3 Guidelines B+ 

application  level  using  the  principles  of 

materiality, 

completeness 

and 

sustainability 

context;  and  Exxaro’s 

performance  for 

identified  risks  and 

opportunities  by  way  of  the  following 

selected key performance indicators: 
>   Occupational 

Tuberculosis 

(TB) 

(page 88)

>   Pneumoconiosis (page 87)

>   Noise  Induced  Hearing  Loss  (NIHL) 

(page 87)

Our  responsibility 

in  performing  our 

independent 

limited  and 

reasonable 

Basis of work and limitations
The  procedures  selected  depend  on  our 

assurance  engagements 

is  to  Exxaro 

judgement,  including  the  assessment  of 

Resources Limited only and in accordance 

the risks of material misstatement of the 

with  the  terms  of  reference  for  this 

subject  matter  and  the  purpose  of  our 

engagement as agreed with them. To the 

engagement. 

In 

making 

these 

fullest extent permitted by law, we do not 

assessments, we have considered internal 

accept or assume responsibility to anyone 

control relevant to the entity’s preparation 

other than Exxaro Resources Limited, for 

and  presentation  of  the  Report  and  the 

our  work,  for  this  report,  or  for  the 
conclusions we have reached.

information contained therein, in order to 
for 
design 

appropriate 

procedures 

Directors’ responsibility
Exxaro’s Directors are responsible for the 

gathering 

sufficient 

appropriate 

assurance evidence to determine that the 

information in the Report is not materially 

preparation  and  presentation  of  the 

misstated or misleading as set out in the 

>   HIV/AIDS  voluntary  counselling  and 

Report 

and 

the 

information 

and 

summary  of  work  performed  below.  Our 

testing (VCT) (page 89)

>   Diesel (page 117)

>   Gas (page 117)
>   Hazardous waste disposed of (page 99)
>   Indirect CO2 emissions (from electricity 

and diesel only) (page 119)

>   Level  2  and  3  environmental  incidents 

(page 115/6)

>   Water consumption (page 117)

assessments  contained  in  the  Report  in 

assessment of relevant internal control is 

accordance with the relevant criteria. This 

not  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  a 

responsibility 

includes: 

designing, 

conclusion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the 

implementing and maintaining appropriate 

entity’s internal controls. 

performance management and systems to 

record, monitor and improve the accuracy, 

We have planned and performed our work 

completeness  and 

reliability  of 

the 

to  obtain  all 

the 

information  and 

sustainability data and to ensure that the 

explanations 

that  we 

considered 

information and data reported to meet the 

necessary  to  provide  a  basis  for  our 

>   Status of Integrated Water User licence 

requirements of the relevant criteria, and 

limited 

and 

reasonable 

assurance 

(IWUL) applications (page 97)

contains all relevant disclosures that could 

conclusions pertaining to the Report and 

>   Land 

disturbed 

vs 

rehabilitated 

materially  affect  any  of  the  conclusions 

the  specified  KPIs,  expressed  below.  We 

(page 113) 

drawn.

>   Employment Equity (EE) (page 123)

>   ABET training numbers (page 123)
>   Preferential procurement (page 129)

>   Socio-economic  development 

(SED) 

project spend as per Social and Labour 

plans (page 132)

We  have  completed  our 

independent 

assurance  engagement  to  enable  us  to 

express our reasonable limited assurance 

conclusions on whether the description of 

the  systems  and  approaches  Exxaro 

Assurance provider’s 
responsibility
Our responsibility is to express our limited 

have  no  responsibility  to  update  this 

report  for  events  and  circumstances 

occurring after the date of the report, nor 

will we perform any work in this regard.

and reasonable assurance conclusions on 

Where  a  limited  assurance  conclusion  is 

the areas as highlighted under the scope 

expressed,  our 

evidence 

gathering 

above.  Our 

independent 

limited  and 

procedures  are  more  limited  than  for  a 

reasonable  assurance  engagement  was 

reasonable  assurance  engagement,  and 

performed 

in  accordance  with 

the 

therefore less assurance is obtained than 

International  Federation  of  Accountants’ 

in a reasonable assurance engagement.

(IFACs) 

International 

Standard 

on 

Assurance  Engagements  (ISAE)  3000 

Our  report  does  not  extend  to  providing 

assurance on historical data. 

170 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

We  provide  no  assurance  over  the  web 

We believe that the evidence obtained as 

content  relating  to  the  Report  and  the 

part  of  our  assurance  engagement,  is 

specified KPIs. Assurance is provided only 

sufficient  and  appropriate  to  provide  a 

on  the  Report  and  specified  KPIs  as 

basis for our findings and our limited and 

included 

in  pdf 

format  on  Exxaro 

reasonable 

assurance 

conclusions 

Resources Limited’s website.

expressed below.

Summary of work performed
Set  out  below  is  a  summary  of  the 

Conclusions
Based on the work performed and subject 

procedures  performed  pertaining  to  the 

to 

the 

limitations  described  above, 

Report and the specified KPIs which were 

managements  disclosures  pertaining  to 

included  in  the  scope  of  our  assurance 

Fatalities,  LTIs,  LTIFR  and  Electricity 

engagement.

consumption are fairly stated.

>   We obtained an understanding of:

Based on the work performed and subject 

  —   The entity and its environment;

to the limitations described above, nothing 

  —   Entity-level controls;

has come to our attention that causes us 

  —   The stakeholder dialogue process;

to  believe  that  Managements  disclosures 

  —   The  selection  and  application  of 

pertaining  to  Occupational  TB;  NIHL; 

sustainability reporting policies;
  —   The  significant  reporting  processes 

including how information is initiated, 

Pneumoconiosis;  HIV/AIDS  VCT;  Diesel; 
Sasol gas; Hazardous waste; CO2 emissions 
(from electricity and diesel only); Level 2 

recorded,  processed,  reported  and 

and  3  environmental 

incidents;  Water 

incorrect information is corrected, as 

consumption; Status of IWUL applications; 

well  as  the  policies  and  procedures 

Land  disturbed  versus  rehabilitated;  EE; 

within the reporting processes.

ABET 

training  numbers;  Preferential 

>   We  made 

such 

enquiries 

of 

procurement;  SED  project  spend  as  per 

management,  employees  and  those 

Social  and  Labour  plans;  and  the  self-

responsible  for  the  preparation  of  the 

declared  B+  GRI  G3  application  level  are 

Report  and  the  specified  KPIs,  as  we 

not fairly stated.

considered necessary.

>   We 

inspected 

relevant  supporting 

documentation  and  obtained  such 

external 

confirmations 

and 

management  representations  as  we 

Ernst & Young Inc

considered necessary for the purposes 

Director — Alasdair Stewart

of our engagement.

Registered Auditor

>   We  performed  analytical  procedures 

Chartered Accountant (SA)

and limited tests of detail responsive to 

our  risk  assessment  and  the  level  of 

Ernst & Young

assurance 

required, 

including 

52 Corlett Drive 

comparison  of  judgementally  selected 

Johannesburg

information  to  the  underlying  source 

15 March 2011

documentation 

from  which 

the 

information has been derived.

>   We 

considered  whether 

Exxaro 

Resources  Limited  has  applied  the  GRI 

G3  Guidelines  to  a  level  described  on 

page 30.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 171

 
INDEPENDENT ASSURANCE

Stakeholder panel feedback – 
executive summary 
stakeholder 
The 

panel 

comprises 

academics 

from  related 

faculties  at 

leading 

universities, 

sustainability 

practices  within 

leading  professional 

services firms and independent experts.

Key  material  issues:  no  consensus  by 

panelists; key material issues ranged from 

climate change/greenhouse gas emissions 

(2) to economic value added and fatalities. 

One  panelist  grouped  his  most  pressing 

issues  as  water  withdrawal,  mine  closure, 

green  procurement,  working  conditions, 

LTI, health and safety systems, occupational 

diseases,  medical  surveillance,  decent 

wages, 

risk  management  and  clean 

production. 

However,  from  their  general  comments, 

understanding  that  the  amount  of 

against  the  political  backdrop,  the  most 

hazardous  material  disposed  of  could 

pressing  issues  in  2010  appear  to  be: 

impact mine closure costing)

1)  economic  value  added 

(spanning 

>   stakeholders:  who  are 

they 

(how 

ownership,  employment  equity,  decent 

identified, 

how 

engaged, 

how 

wages  and  living  conditions,  and  labour 

addressed).

relationships); 

2) 

climate 

change/

greenhouse  gas  emissions,  and  3)  safety 

All  highlighted  the  importance  of  context: 

and health (including pollution impacts on 

for example an aggregate figure for water 

health of communities in general).

withdrawal is meaningless if one operation 

is  in  a  desert  and  another  next  to  a  river. 

All  panelists  noted  that  to  be  effective, 

Equally, celebrating the creation of 100 jobs 

stakeholder reporting needs to begin from 

(enterprise  development)  becomes  hollow 

a base of proper planning: understanding 

in the context of shedding 1 000 members 

and  mapping 

the 

inter-relationships 

of the workforce (retrenchment).

between 

the 

various 

issues, 

and 

developing  a  strategic,  holistic  approach 

This  feedback  was  an  important  part  of 

to them. Specific pointers included:
>   process of determining material issues: 

the  progress  Exxaro  has  made 

in 

enhancing  its  stakeholder  reporting  in 

context,  cross-cutting  issues  (such  as 

2010. The role of the panel will be expanded 
in 2011.

172 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

GRI INDICATOR INDEX

Index to Global Reporting Initiative G3 indicators
This index includes the 2007 GRI guidelines (G3) and 2009 mining and minerals sector supplement.

Reasonable assurance by E&Y

Limited assurance by E&Y

Exxaro material issue

GRI  Topic

Strategy and analysis
Statement from senior management

Key impacts, risks and opportunities
Organisational profile
Name

Primary products

Operational structure

Location of head office

Countries of operation

Nature of ownership

Markets served

Scale of organisation

Significant changes to organisation

Awards
Report parameters
Reporting period

Date of previous report

Reporting cycle

Contact points

Process for defining report content

Boundary of report

Limitations

Basis for reporting on joint ventures, etc

Data measurement techniques and assumptions

Explanation of restatements

Significant changes to scope, boundary or methods

GRI index

Policy and practice on external assurance

1.1

1.2

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

3.10

3.11

3.12

3.13

Page

41

Foldout, 16

Cover

6

5

IBC

8

6-7

6-7

6-7

na

31

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

nr

9

zero

176

30

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 173

GRI INDICATOR INDEX CONTINUED

GRI  Topic

Governance, commitments and engagement
Governance structure

Status of chairperson

Independent non-executive directors

Mechanisms for stakeholders to interact with board

Link between compensation and performance

Process for avoiding conflict of interest

Expertise of board

Policies on economic, environmental and social performance

Procedures for board oversight of economic, environmental and social performance

Board performance

Precautionary approach

External principles endorsed

Membership of industry associations and advocacy groups 

Stakeholder groups

Basis for identification

Approach to stakeholder engagement

Topics and concerns raised, response
Economic 
Economic value generated and distributed – including payments to local communities as part of land-use 
agreements, excluding land purchases. Report countries of operation that are either candidate to or 
compliant with the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI).

Financial implications, risks and opportunities due to climate change

Coverage of defined benefit plan obligations

Significant financial assistance from government

Standard entry-level wage compared to local minimum wage

Policy, practices, and spending on local suppliers

Procedures for local hiring, proportion of senior management and workforce from local community

Development and impact of infrastructure investments and services for public benefit

Significant indirect economic impacts

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

4.10

4.11

4.12

4.13

4.14

4.15

4.16

4.17

EC1 

EC2 

EC3 

EC4 

EC5 

EC6 

EC7 

EC8 

EC9 

Page

148

152

152

155

160

149

152

154

154

152

92

30, 28

28

25

25

25

25

181

100

160

zero

160

129

120

132

132

174 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

GRI  Topic

Environmental
Materials
Materials used by weight or volume

Percentage recycled input materials (includes post-consumer recycled material and waste from industrial 
sources, but excludes internal recycling within facility (home scrap).
Energy
Direct consumption by primary energy source

Indirect consumption by primary source

Energy saved from conservation and efficiency improvements

Reductions from energy-efficient or renewable energy-based products and services

Initiatives to reduce indirect energy consumption, reductions achieved
Water
Total water withdrawal by source. Water use, including water quality

Sources significantly affected by withdrawal

EN1 

EN2 

EN3 

EN4 

EN5 

EN6 

EN7 

EN8

EN9 

EN10  Percentage and volume recycled and reused

Biodiversity

EN11 

Location and size of land owned, leased, managed or adjacent to protected areas, areas of high 
biodiversity value

EN12

Description of significant impacts of activities. 

Where possible, describe impact (gain/loss) on sustainable land use. Include impacts of resettlement and 
closure activities reported under MM9 and MM10 respectively.

MMI

Amount of land (owned/leased, managed for production or extractive use) disturbed or rehabilitated

EN13  Habitats protected or restored. Report on biodiversity offsets

EN14  Strategies, actions and plans for managing impacts on biodiversity. Disclose consideration of ecosystems 

services and associated values.

MM2

EN15 

Number and percentage of total sites requiring biodiversity management plans according to stated criteria, 
and number (percentage) of sites with plans in place

IUCN Red List species and national conservation list species in areas affected by operations
Emissions, effluents, and waste

EN16  Total direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions

EN17  Other relevant indirect greenhouse gas emissions

EN18 

Initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reductions achieved

EN19  Emissions of ozone-depleting substances

Management of radioactive material

EN20  NOx, SOx, and other significant air emissions by type and weight. Include emissions from major mobile 

sources and on-site stationary sources

EN21  Total water discharge by quality and destination

EN22  Total weight of waste by type and disposal method. Site waste and construction waste. Large-volume mining 

and mineral processing waste to be reported under MM3

MM3

Total amounts of overburden, rock, tailings and sludges and their associated risks

Page

nr

nm

117

117

101, 117

101

101-105

99

99

nr

107-111

108-111

108-111

113

108-111

108-111

108-111

108-111

102, 117

117

100-105

105

99

117

nr

nr

nr

EN23  Total number and volume of significant spills. Include spills of tailings, slimes or other significant process 

115-116

materials. Report follow-up actions to reduce number and severity of spills, even at a level before emergency 
procedures are required.

EN24  Waste transported under terms of Basel Convention (Annex I, II, III, VIII)

EN25 

EN26 

Identity, size, protected status, and biodiversity value of water bodies and related habitats significantly 
affected by discharges of water and runoff
Products and services
Initiatives to mitigate environmental impacts of products, extent of mitigation

EN27 Percentage of products sold and packaging materials reclaimed by category

Compliance

EN28  Significant fines, sanctions for non-compliance with environmental laws and regulations

Transport

EN29  Significant impacts of transporting products, and members of workforce

EN30  Total environmental protection expenditures and investments by type

na

nr

105

na

Zero

nr

nr

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 175

GRI INDICATOR INDEX CONTINUED

GRI  Topic

Social performance: labour practices and decent work
Employment
Workforce by employment type, employment contract and region

Number and rate of employee turnover by age group, gender, and region

Benefits for full-time employees not provided to temporary/part-time employees
Labour/management relations
Percentage employees covered by collective bargaining agreements

LA1 

LA2 

LA3 

LA4 

LA5  Minimum notice period on significant changes, including specified in collective agreements

MM4 Number of strikes and lock-outs exceeding one week’s duration, by country

LA6

LA7 

LA8 

LA9 

Occupational health and safety
Percentage workforce represented in formal joint health and safety committees to monitor and advise on 
programmes

Rates of injury, occupational diseases, lost days, absenteeism, work-related fatalities. Describe each 
fatality, and subsequent actions

Education, training, counselling, prevention, and risk-control programmes to assist workforce members, 
their families or community members with serious diseases

Health and safety topics covered in formal agreements with trade unions
Training and education

LA10  Average hours of training per year per employee by employee category

LA11 

Programmes for skills management and lifelong learning that support continued employability

Page

121

122

127, 160

127

127

127

80

82, 87

83

83

125

125

LA12  Percentage of employees receiving regular performance and career development reviews.

124, 160

Diversity and equal opportunity

LA13  Composition of governance bodies and breakdown of employees per category: gender, age group, minority 

group membership, and other indicators of diversity

LA14  Ratio of basic salary of men to women by employee category

Social performance: human rights
Investment and procurement practices
Percentage and number of significant investment agreements with human rights clauses or human rights 
screening

Percentage significant suppliers and contractors screened on human rights and actions taken

Total hours and percentage employee training on aspects of human rights relevant to operations
Non-discrimination
Total number of incidents of discrimination and actions taken
Freedom of association and collective bargaining

HR1 

HR2 

HR3 

HR4

HR5  Operations where right to freedom of association and collective bargaining may be at significant risk, 

actions taken to support rights.

HR6  Operations with significant risk for incidents of child labour, measures to eliminate

HR7  Operations with significant risk of forced or compulsory labour, measures to eliminate

Security practices
Percentage security personnel trained in policies/procedures on human rights relevant to operations 

HR8 

Total number of operations in/adjacent to indigenous peoples’ territories, and  number and percentage of 
operations/sites with formal agreements with indigenous peoples’ communities
Indigenous rights

MM5

HR9  Number of violations involving rights of indigenous people and actions taken 

123

121

nr

nr

128

Zero, 121

127

Zero

Zero

128

nr

nr

176 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

GRI  Topic

SO1

Social performance: society
Community
Programmes and practices to manage impacts of operations on communities, including entering, operating, 
and exiting. Exxaro donations
Disclose how Exxaro acts to mitigate negative impacts and contribute to local development, and how 
consultation processes ensure that assessing impacts and evaluating benefits properly reflect local views. 
Report on extent to which community participation processes are socially inclusive and ensure engagement 
with disadvantaged groups (social responsibility aspect) or means to oppose operations if they do not feel 
they are treated equitably (risk mitigation aspect).
Issues for particular consideration include:
(cid:33)(cid:3) (cid:3)Community economic development planning processes, including sources of community income, access to 
services and social infrastructure, access to capital and natural resources, and access to further education 
and skills training.

(cid:33)(cid:3) (cid:3)Co-ordination with other agencies, eg on poverty alleviation and natural resource management.
(cid:33)(cid:3) (cid:3)Procedures for identifying and protecting subsistence-related resources of local communities, including 

water, plants and wildlife.

(cid:33)(cid:3) (cid:3)Measures of community health and wellbeing, incl prevalence of cultural practices and associations.

MM6 Number and description of significant disputes on land use, customary rights of local communities and 

indigenous peoples

MM7

Extent to which grievance mechanisms were used to resolve disputes above, and outcomes

MM8 Number (and percentage of operating sites where artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) takes place on/

adjacent to the site; associated risks and actions taken to manage and mitigate these risks

MM9

Sites where resettlements took place, number of households resettled, and how livelihoods affected 

MM10 Number and percentage of operations with closure plans

SO2 

SO3 

SO4 

SO5 

SO6 

SO7 

SO8 

Corruption
Percentage and number of business units analysed for risks related to corruption 

Percentage of employees trained in anti-corruption policies and procedures

Actions taken in response to incidents of corruption 
Public policy
Public policy positions and participation in policy development and lobbying 

Total value of financial and in-kind contributions to political parties, politicians, and related institutions 
Anti-competitive behaviour
Legal actions for anti-competitive behaviour, anti-trust and monopoly practices, outcomes 
Compliance
Significant fines, sanctions for non-compliance with laws and regulations. Summary of judgments against 
Exxaro on health and safety and labour laws.

Page

131-136

nr

nr

nr

nr

113

nr

145

149

28

zero

Zero

Zero, 144

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 177

GRI INDICATOR INDEX CONTINUED

GRI  Topic

Social performance: product responsibility
Customer health and safety
Programmes and progress relating to materials stewardship

Life cycle stages in which impacts of products and services are assessed for improvement, percentage of 
significant products and services categories subject to such procedures

Number non-compliances with regulations and voluntary codes on health and safety impacts of products and 
services during life cycle, by types of outcomes
Products and service labelling
Type of information required, percentage of significant products concerned

Incidents of non-compliance with regulations and voluntary codes on labelling

Practices related to customer satisfaction
Marketing communications
Programmes for adherence to laws, standards, and voluntary codes 

Incidents of non-compliance 
Customer privacy
Substantiated complaints on breaches of customer privacy and losses of customer data
Compliance
Significant fines for non-compliance with laws and regulations concerning provision and use of products and 
services.

MM11

PR1 

PR2 

PR3 

PR4 

PR5 

PR6 

PR7 

PR8 

PR9 

 nm – not measured 

  nr – not reported 

  na – not applicable

Page

nr

nr

na

na

na

na

155

Zero

na

na

178 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

GROUP CASH VALUE ADDED STATEMENTS
for the year ended 31 December 2010 (Unaudited)

The value added statement shows the wealth the group has created through mining, beneficiation, trading and investing operations. Exxaro 
generates and creates value for many of its stakeholders as follows:
–   Exxaro’s biggest assets: employees receive salaries/wages, as well as bonuses.
–   The governments of the countries where Exxaro has operations receive taxes and royalty payments.
–   Suppliers and contractors are supported through the procurement of consumables, services and capital goods.
–   To ensure sustainability and expansion continual and substantial re-investment into the group is necessary.
–   Shareholders receive a fair return on their investment through dividends and growth on the share price.

The statement below summarises the total cash wealth created and how it was disbursed among the group’s stakeholders, leaving a retained 
amount which was reinvested in the group for the replacement of assets and further development of operations.

Cash generated
Cash derived from sales and services
Income from investments and interest received
Paid to suppliers for materials and services
Cash value added
Cash utilised to:
Remunerate employees for services
Pay direct taxes to the state
Provide lenders with a return on borrowings
Provide shareholders with cash dividends
Cash disbursed among stakeholders
Cash retained in the group to maintain and develop operations
Total cash value disbursed or retained

Notes to the group cash value added statement
1. Taxation contribution
Direct taxes (as above)
Value added taxes levied on purchases of goods
and services
Gross contributions

2. Additional amounts collected by the group on behalf of government

Value added tax and other duties charged on turnover 
Employees’ tax deducted from remuneration paid
Unemployment Insurance Fund
Withholding tax

3. Levies paid to government

Rates and taxes paid to local authorities
Royalties paid to government
Workers’ Compensation Fund
Unemployment Insurance Fund
Skills Development Levy

31 December 
2010
Rm

31 December
2009
Rm

 16 524 
 1 817 
 (10 044)
 8 297 

 14 812 
 1 754 
 (10 802)
5 764

 4 056 
 430 
 391 
 1 056 
 5 933 
 2 364 
 8 297 

 430 

 2 010 
 2 440 

 2 091 
 1 016 
 30 
 4 
 3 141 

 28 
 115 
 10 
 30 
 30 
 213 

 3 502 
 892
 526 
 1 050 
5 970
 (206)
5 764

 892

 1 915 
2 807

 1 976 
 652 
 32 

 2 660 

 35 
 80 
 6 
 32 
 30 
 183 

Cash disbursed among stakeholders 2010 

Cash disbursed among stakeholders 2009

18%

18%

7%

7%

Remunerate employees 
for services
Pay direct taxes 
to the state
Provide lenders with 
a return on borrowings
Provide shareholders 
with cash dividends

15%

68%

9%

58%

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 179

 
SELECTED GROUP FINANCIAL DATA  
TRANSLATED INTO US DOLLARS
for the year ended 31 December 2010 (Unaudited)

The group statutory 2010 financial statements have been expressed in US dollars for information purposes.

The  average  US  dollar/rand  of  USD1:R7,30  (2009:  USD1:R8,35)  has  been  used  to  translate  the  income  and  statement  of  cash 
flows,whilst the statement of financial position has been translated at the closing rate on the last day of the reporting period of USD1:R6,63 
(2009: USD1:R7,40).

INCOME STATEMENTS
Revenue
Operating expenses
NET OPERATING PROFIT
Net financing costs
Income from equity-accounted investments
PROFIT BEFORE TAX
Income tax expense
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR
Profit attributable to:
Owners of the parent
Non-controlling interests

Attributable earnings per share (cents)
Headline earnings
Headline earnings per share (cents)
STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION at 31 December 2010
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Biological assets
Intangible assets
Investments in associates and joint ventures
Deferred tax
Financial assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Other
Non-current assets classified as held-for-sale
TOTAL ASSETS
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity attributable to owners of the parent
Non-controlling interests
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing borrowings
Deferred tax, non-current provisions and financial liabilities
Current liabilities
Interest-bearing borrowings
Other
Non-current liabilities classified as held-for-sale
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
NET DEBT (refer definitions on page 181)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS for the year ended 31 December 2010
Cash flows from operating activities 
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

180 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

2010
USD
million

 2 350 
 (1 989)
 361 
 (62)
 509 
 808 
 (91)
 717 

 714 
 4 
 717 
 206 
 710 
 205 

 2 007 
 7 
 11 
 585 
 110 
 208 

 323 
 1 052 
13 
 4 316 

 2 630 
 (3)

 550 
 535 

 108 
 488 
 8 
 4 316 
 335 

 324 
 (134)
 (37)
 153 

2009
USD
million

 1 797 
 (1 761)
 36 
 (50)
 228 
 214 
 (92)
 122 

 122 

 122 
 36 
 301 
 87 

 1 605 
 6 
 12 
 266 
 85 
 164 

 138 
 853 
12 
 3 141 

 1 745 

 588 
 395 

 55 
 351 
 7 
 3 141 
 504 

 (25)
 (169)
 105 
 (89)

 
DEFINITIONS

Attributable cash flow per 
ordinary share
Cash  flow  from  operating  activities  after 

adjusting 

for  participation  of  non-

controlling interests therein divided by the 

weighted  average  number  of  ordinary 

shares in issue during the year.

Capital employed
Total  equity  plus  net  debt  minus  non-

current financial asset.

Cash and cash equivalents
Comprise  cash  on  hand  and  current 

—   EBITDA:  net  operating  profit  (before 

interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, 

impairment  charges  and  net  deficit/

surplus  on  sale  of  investments  and 

assets) divided by net financing costs.

Headline earnings yield
Headline  earnings  per  ordinary  share 

divided by the closing share price on the 

JSE Limited.

Invested capital
Total  equity,  interest-bearing  debt,  non-

current  provisions  and  net  deferred  tax 

accounts in bank, net of bank overdrafts, 

less cash and cash equivalents.

together with any highly liquid investments 

readily  convertible  to  known  amounts  of 

cash and not subject to significant risk of 

Net assets
Total assets less current and non-current 

Return on ordinary 
shareholders’ equity
— Attributable earnings

 Earnings  attributable  to  owners  of  the 

parent  as  a  percentage  of  average 

equity  attributable  to  owners  of  the 

parent.

— Headline earnings

 Headline  earnings  attributable 

to 

owners of the parent as a percentage of 

average  equity  attributable  to  owners 

of the parent.

Return on invested capital
Net  operating  profit  plus  income  from 

non-equity  accounted  investments  plus 

income  from  investments  in  associates 

as  a  percentage  of  the  average  invested 

changes in value.

liabilities 

less  non-controlling 

interests 

capital.

which equates to equity of owners of the 
parent.

Net debt to equity ratio
Interest-bearing  debt  less  cash  and  cash 

Return on net assets
Net  operating  profit  plus  income  from 

non-equity  accounted  investments  plus 

income from investments in associates as 

equivalents as percentage of total equity.

a percentage of the average net assets.

Net equity per ordinary share
Equity  attributable  to  owners  of  the 

Revenue per employee
Revenue  divided  by  the  average  number 

parent divided by the number of ordinary 

of employees during the year.

shares in issue at the year end.

Current ratio
Current  assets  divided  by  current 

liabilities.

Dividend cover
Attributable  earnings  per  ordinary  share 

divided by dividends per ordinary share.

Dividend yield
Dividends  per  ordinary  share  divided  by 

the closing share price on the JSE Limited.

Earnings per ordinary share
— Attributable earnings basis 

Number of years to repay 
interest-bearing debt
Interest-bearing  debt  divided  by  cash 

 Earnings  attributable  to  owners  of  the 

flow  from  operating  activities  before 

parent divided by the weighted average 

dividends paid.

number  of  ordinary  shares  in  issue 

during the year.

— Headline earnings basis 

Operating margin
Net  operating  profit  as  a  percentage 

 Earnings  attributable  to  owners  of  the 

of revenue.

parent  adjusted  for  profits  and  losses 

on items of a capital nature recognising 

the  tax  and  non-controlling  interests 

impacts  on  these  adjustments,  divided 

Operating profit per employee
Net  operating  profit  divided  by  the 

average number of employees during the 

by  the  weighted  average  number  of 

year.

ordinary shares in issue during the year.

NET FInancing cost cover
—   EBIT:  net  operating  profit 

Return on capital employed
Net  operating  profit  plus  income  from 

(before 

non-equity-accounted 

investments  plus 

interest  and 

tax)  divided  by  net 

income from investments in associates as 

financing costs

a percentage of average capital employed.

Total asset turnover
Revenue divided by average total assets.

Weighted average number of 
shares in issue
The  number  of  shares  in  issue  at  the 

beginning of the year, increased by shares 

issued during the year, weighted on a time 

basis  for  the  period  in  which  they  have 

participated in the income of the group.

In the case of shares issued pursuant to a 

share  capitalisation  award 

in 

lieu  of 

dividends, the participation of such shares 

is deemed to be from the date of issue.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 181

 
 
 
 
182 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

DIVIDER PAGE 5 – FRONT (FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)

GROUP ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010
for the year ended 31 December 2010

Financials

CONTENTS
Financial statements

184 Directors’ responsibility for financial 

reporting

184 Certificate by company secretary
185 Independent auditors’ report
186 Report of the directors
189 Directors’ remuneration
206 Income statements and statements  

of comprehensive income
207 Statements of financial position
208 Statements of cash flows
209 Group statement of changes in equity
210 Company statement of changes in equity
211 Notes to the annual financial statements

Annexures

297 1.   Non-current interest-bearing borrowings
299 2.   Investments in associates, joint 
ventures and other investments

301 3.   Investments in subsidiaries

Administration

304 Notice of annual general meeting
308 Biographies of directors up for re-election
309 Form of proxy
IBC Administration and shareholders’ diary

s
l
a
i
c
n
a
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F

i

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 183

 
DIVIDER PAGE 5 – BACK (FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL 
REPORTING

TO THE MEMBERS OF EXXARO RESOURCES LIMITED
The  directors  of  the  company  are  responsible  for  maintaining 
adequate  accounting  records,  the  preparation  of  the  annual 
financial statements of the company and the group and to develop 
and  maintain  a  sound  system  of  internal  control  to  safeguard 
shareholders’  investments  and  the  group’s  assets.  In  presenting 
the  accompanying  financial  statements,  International  Financial 
Reporting  Standards  have  been  followed,  applicable  accounting 
policies  have  been  used  and  prudent  judgements  and  estimates 
have been made.

In  order  for  the  directors  to  discharge  their  responsibilities, 
management has developed and continues to maintain a system 
of internal control aimed at reducing the risk of error or loss in a 
cost-effective manner. Such systems can provide reasonable but 
not absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss. The 
directors,  primarily  through  the  audit,  risk  and  compliance 
committee  which  consists  only  of  non-executive  directors,  meet 
periodically  with  the  external  and  internal  auditors,  as  well  as 
executive management to evaluate matters concerning accounting 
policies,  internal  control,  auditing,  financial  reporting  and  risk 
management. The group’s internal auditors independently evaluate 
the internal controls and coordinate their audit coverage with the 
external auditors. The external auditors are responsible for reporting 
on the financial statements. The external and internal auditors have 
unrestricted access to all records, property and personnel as well 
as to the audit, risk and compliance committee. The directors are 
not  aware  of  any  material  breakdown  in  the  functioning  of  these 
controls and systems during the year under review.

The  directors  are  of  the  opinion,  based  on  the  information  and 
explanations given by management and the internal auditors, and 
on comments made by the external auditors on the results of their 
audit conducted for the purpose of expressing their opinion on the 
annual  financial  statements,  that  the  internal  accounting  controls 
are adequate, such that the financial records may be relied on for 
preparing  the  financial  statements  and  maintaining  accountability 
for assets and liabilities.

The directors have reviewed the group’s financial budgets with its 
underlying business plans for the period to 31 December 2011. In 
light of the current financial position and existing borrowing facilities, 
they consider it appropriate that the annual financial statements be 
prepared on the going-concern basis.

Against  this  background,  the  directors  of  the  company  accept 
responsibility  for  the  annual  financial  statements,  which  were 
approved by the board of directors on 22 February 2011 and are 
signed on its behalf by:

SA Nkosi 
Chief executive officer 

WA de Klerk
Finance director

The external auditor has audited the annual financial statements of 
the  company  and  group  and  their  unmodified  report  appears  on 
page 185.

CERTIFICATE BY COMPANY SECRETARY

In terms of the Companies Act No 61 of 1973 of South Africa, as amended, I, MS Viljoen, in my capacity as company secretary, confirm that 
for the year ended 31 December 2010, the company has lodged with the Registrar of Companies all such returns as are required of a public 
company in terms of this Act and that all such returns are true, correct and up to date.

MS Viljoen
Company secretary

22 February 2011

184 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR ON 
THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS TO THE 
MEMBERS OF EXXARO RESOURCES LIMITED

We  have  audited  the  annual  financial  statements  of  Exxaro 
Resources  Limited,  which  comprise  the  statement  of  financial 
position  as  at  31  December  2010,  and  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income,  statement  of  changes  in  equity  and 
statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and a summary of 
significant accounting policies and other explanatory information, 
and the directors’ report, as set out on the attached pages.

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS
The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  preparation  and  fair 
presentation  of  these  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  and  in  the  manner 
required  by  the  Companies  Act  of  South  Africa,  and  for  such 
internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable 
the preparation of financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient 
and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

OPINION
In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material 
respects, the financial position of Exxaro Resources Limited as at 
31  December  2010,  and  its  financial  performance  and  its  cash 
flows  for  the  year  then  ended  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards and in the manner required by the 
Companies Act of South Africa.

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITY
Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  these  financial 
statements  based  on  our  audit.  We  conducted  our  audit  in 
accordance  with  International  Standards  on  Auditing.  Those 
standards  require  that  we  comply  with  ethical  requirements  and 
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether 
from  material 
misstatement.

the  financial  statements  are 

free 

Deloitte & Touche
Registered auditor
Per BW Smith
Partner

22 February 2011

Buildings 1 and 2, Deloitte Place
The Woodlands Office Park
Woodlands Drive, Sandton 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence 
about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The 
procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgement, including 
the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial 
statements,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error.  In  making  those  risk 
assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the 
entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements 
in  order  to  design  audit  procedures  that  are  appropriate  in  the 
circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on 
the  effectiveness  of  the  entity’s  internal  control.  An  audit  also 
includes  evaluating  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies 
used  and  the  reasonableness  of  accounting  estimates  made  by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the 
financial statements.

National Executive: GG Gelink (Chief Executive), 
AE Swiegers (Chief Operating Officer)
GM Pinnock (Audit), DL Kennedy (Risk Advisory), NB Kader (Tax 
& Legal Services), L Geeringh (Consulting), L Bam (Corporate 
Finance), JK Mazzocco (Human Resources), CR Beukman 
(Finance), TJ Brown (Clients), NT Mtoba (Chairman of the Board), 
MJ Comber (Deputy Chairman of the Board)

A full list of partners and directors is available on request.

BBBEE rating: Level 2 contributor/AAA (certified Empowerdex)
Member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 185

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS

The  directors  have  pleasure  in  presenting  the  annual  financial 
statements of Exxaro Resources Limited (Exxaro) and the group for 
the year ended 31 December 2010.

The  group  aims  to  cover  its  annual  net  funding  requirements 
through  longer-term  loan  facilities  with  maturities  spread  evenly 
over time.

NATURE OF BUSINESS
Exxaro,  incorporated  in  South  Africa,  is  a  mining  group  of 
companies  focusing  on  extracting  and  processing  a  range  of 
minerals  and  metals  including  coal,  mineral  sands,  base  metals 
and selected industrial minerals. Exxaro also holds a 20% interest 
in  Sishen  Iron  Ore  Company  (Pty)  Limited,  which  extracts  and 
processes iron ore.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The  board  of  Exxaro  endorses  the  principles  contained  in  the 
King III report. 

Full details on how these principles were applied in Exxaro and the 
actions  undertaken  to  achieve  full  compliance  are  set  out  in  the 
corporate governance report on page 140.

REGISTRATION DETAILS
Exxaro  is  a  company  listed  on  the  JSE  Limited.  The  company 
registration  number  is  2000/011076/06.  The  registered  office  is 
Roger  Dyason  Road,  Pretoria  West,  0183,  Republic  of  South 
Africa.

ACTIVITIES AND FINANCIAL RESULTS
Summarised information on the activities and performance of the 
group and the various divisions of the group are contained in the 
reports on pages 6 to 11 as well as in the financial and operational 
review on pages 48 to 59. These reports are unaudited.

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
As a diversified mining company Exxaro is exposed to the cyclical 
price  movements  associated  with  its  suite  of  commodities.  The 
group’s  policy  is  therefore  to  ensure  it  maintains  a  robust  capital 
structure  with  strong  financial  metrics  underpinned  by  adequate 
borrowing 
in 
commodity cycles. Growth opportunities, debt levels and dividend 
distributions to shareholders are considered against this backdrop.

facilities  to  withstand  a  significant  downturn 

The  board  of  directors  is  ultimately  responsible  to  monitor  debt 
levels,  return  on  capital  as  well  as  compliance  with  contractually 
agreed loan covenants. For the year under review the following key 
metrics were achieved:

Net debt/equity ratio (%)

Net financing cost cover – EBITDA 
(times)

Return on capital employed (%)

(Refer definitions on page 181)

2010

2009

13

9

38

29

7

15

The capital base consists of total shareholders’ equity as disclosed, 
as  well  as  interest-bearing  borrowings.  As  a  new-generation 
empowerment company with a 56% BEE shareholding, Exxaro is 
constrained from issuing equity, and its memorandum and articles 
of  association  accordingly  incorporate  various  provisions  limiting 
the issue of new shares or alterations to its share capital that could 
result in a loss of its empowerment status.

Although  the  intention  is  to  progress  to  distributing  50%  of 
attributable earnings to shareholders, adequate provision is made 
for  future  commitments  and  working  capital  requirements  in 
determining the level of interim and final dividends to shareholders.

The group may from time to time repurchase its own shares in the 
open market, depending on prevailing market prices. These share 
repurchases  are  primarily  intended  to  settle  the  group’s  various 
employee share incentive schemes and decisions are made on a 
specific transaction basis by the executive committee. The group 
does not, however, have a defined share buyback plan.

During the year, the group complied with all its contractually agreed 
loan covenants. 

There  were  no  changes  in  the  group’s  approach  to  capital 
management during the year. The group continuously reviews its 
capital  expenditure  programmes,  including  sustaining  capital  to 
ensure  that  its  capital  structure  remains  robust  to  withstand  any 
downturns.  Neither  the  company  nor  any  of  its  subsidiaries  are 
subject to externally imposed regulatory capital requirements.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Capital  expenditure  for  the  period  was  R2  677  million  (2009: 
R1 982 million).

SHAREHOLDERS’ RESOLUTIONS
At  the  ninth  annual  general  meeting  of  shareholders,  held  on 
21 May 2010, the following resolutions were passed:
•   renewal of the authority that unissued shares be placed under 

the control of the directors

•   general authority to issue shares for cash
•   resolution to approve amendments to the 2006 incentive plans
•   resolution to authorise directors to issue and allot shares in terms 

of the 2006 incentive plans

•   special resolution to authorise directors to repurchase company 

shares.

Exxaro  and  its  subsidiaries  have  passed  no  other  special  or 
ordinary  shareholders’  resolutions  of  material  interest  or  of  a 
substantive nature.

SHARE CAPITAL
The total number of shares in issue increased during the year to 
358 089 230. The increase can be summarised as follows:

Opening balance

Issued in terms of the Kumba 
management share option 
scheme due to options 
exercised at market prices 
ranging from R106,03 to 
R140,09

Closing balance

Date of 
issue

Number of 
shares

356 940 200

4 January 2010 
to 
17 December 
2010

1 149 030

358 089 230

186 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

SHAREHOLDERS
An  analysis  of  shareholders  and  shareholdings  appears  on 
page 168 of the annual report.

DIRECTORATE AND SHAREHOLDINGS
The names of the directors in office at the date of this report are set 
out on page 142.

DIVIDEND PAYMENTS
Dividend number 15
Interim dividend number 15 of 200 cents per share was declared in 
South  African  currency  for  the  period  ended  30  June  2010.  The 
dividend  was  paid  on  Monday,  4  October  2010  to  shareholders 
recorded  in  the  register  of  the  company  at  close  of  business  on 
Friday,  1  October  2010.  To  comply  with  the  requirements  of 
Strate,  the  last  day  to  trade  cum  dividend  was  Thursday, 
23 September 2010. The shares commenced trading ex dividend 
on Monday, 27 September 2010 and the record date was Friday, 
1 October 2010.

Dividend number 16
Final dividend number 16 of 300 cents per share was declared in 
South African currency for the period ended 31 December 2010.

No  Secondary  Tax  on  Companies  (STC)  was  payable  on  these 
dividends after taking into account STC credits on the dividends 
received from SIOC.

The  dividend  payment  date  is  Monday,  11  April  2011  to 
shareholders  recorded  in  the  books  of  the  company  at  close  of 
business on Friday, 8 April 2011. To comply with the requirements 
of Strate, the last day to trade cum dividend is Friday, 1 April 2011. 
The  shares  will  commence  trading  ex  dividend  on  Monday, 
4 April 2011 and the record date is Friday, 8 April 2011.

INVESTMENTS AND SUBSIDIARIES
The  financial 
in 
subsidiaries of the company is disclosed in annexures 2 and 3 to 
the financial statements.

investments  and 

information  on 

interests 

EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD
The directors are not aware of any matter or circumstance arising 
after the statement of financial position date up to the date of this 
report  not  dealt  with  in  this  report  or  in  the  group  financial 
statements  that  would  significantly  affect  the  operations  or  the 
results of the group.

On 1 January 2011 the Glen Douglas investment was sold to JSE-
listed  materials  supplier  Afrimat  Limited.  On  31  December  2010, 
this  investment  still  constituted  a  non-current  asset  classified  as 
held for sale.

The Fairbreeze project was approved by the board and construction 
is expected to start in the second quarter of 2011 subject to normal 
regulatory  and  environmental  approvals.  A  possible  reversal  or 
partial reversal of the previous impairments of the carrying value of 
the assets will be considered during 2011.

The following changes occurred to the board in 2010:
•   Ms N Langeni was appointed as a non-executive director of the 
board  on  23  February  2010  as  the  Basadi  Ba  Kopane 
Investments (Pty) Limited nominated representative.

•   The acting chairman, Dr D Konar, was elected as chairman of 
the board with effect from 23 February 2010. J van Rooyen was 
appointed  as  Chairman  of  the  Audit,  Risk  and  Compliance 
Committee (audit committee) on the same date.

The  directors  below  are  required  to  retire  by  rotation  in  terms  of 
clause 16.1 of the articles of association of the company, and being 
eligible  for  re-election,  offer  themselves  for  re-election  at  the 
forthcoming annual general meeting:
•   VZ Mntambo
•   NL Sowazi
•   J van Rooyen
•   D Zihlangu

COMPANY SECRETARY
The  company  secretary  is  MS  Viljoen.  The  company  secretary’s 
registered address is:
Roger Dyason Road 
Pretoria West 
0183 
South Africa 

PO Box 9229
Pretoria
0001
South Africa

AUDIT COMMITTEE
The audit committee (referred to as the audit, risk and compliance 
committee) of Exxaro operates within prescribed terms of reference 
incorporating all duties and responsibilities as required by the:
•   Corporate Laws Amendment Act
•   The JSE Listings Requirements
•   King III.

The committee has reviewed the scope as well as the independence 
and  objectivity  of  the  external  auditor  and  satisfied  itself  that  the 
external auditor is independent as defined by the Companies Act, 
and  the  committee  has  approved  the  audit  fees  for  the  period 
ended  31  December  2010.  The  committee  has  nominated 
PricewaterhouseCoopers  (PwC)  as  external  auditor  for  the  2011 
financial  year  for  approval  at  the  annual  general  meeting  on 
19  May  2011.  Refer  to  the  section  on  corporate  governance 
on page 153 for further details on the composition, role, purpose 
and principal functions of the audit committee. 

At the board meeting on 22 February 2011, Mr J van Rooyen was 
re-elected as chairman of the audit, risk and compliance committee 
for the following year.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 187

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS CONTINUED

The group’s capital base, the borrowing powers of the company 
and the group were set at 125% of shareholders’ funds for both 
the 2010 and 2009 financial years.

GOING CONCERN
The directors believe the group has adequate financial resources to 
continue in operation for the foreseeable future and accordingly the 
financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  a  going-concern 
basis.  The  board  is  not  aware  of  any  new  material  changes  that 
may  adversely  impact  the  group.  The  board  is  not  aware  of  any 
material non-compliance with statutory or regulatory requirements.

EMPLOYEE INCENTIVE SCHEMES
Details of the group’s employee incentive schemes are set out on 
page 164 of this report.

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
The  tenth  annual  general  meeting  of  members  of  Exxaro  will  be 
held  at  the  corporate  office,  Roger  Dyason  Road,  Pretoria  West, 
South  Africa,  at  09:00  on  Thursday,  19  May  2011.  Refer  to 
pages 304 to 308 of these annual financial statements for further 
details  of  the  ordinary  and  special  business  for  consideration  at 
this meeting.

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR
In line with the group’s practice of reviewing its service providers 
every five years, Exxaro appointed PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) 
as its statutory auditor from the 2011 fiscal year to replace Deloitte 
& Touche subsequent to its audit of Exxaro’s financial results for the 
year ended 31 December 2010.

NON-AUDIT SERVICES
Exxaro has an approved board policy to regulate the use of non-
audit services by our independent auditors. The policy differentiates 
between permitted and prohibited non-audit services, and specifies 
a monetary threshold by which approvals are considered. During 
the  year  under  review,  Deloitte  &  Touche  were  engaged  for  tax 
advisory and compliance services, accounting opinions and other 
advisory  services.  The  fees  applicable  to  these  services  totalled 
R0,8 million.

CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
The  accounting  policies  are  consistent  with  those  applied  in  the 
annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2009.

BORROWING POWERS
Borrowing capacity is determined by the directors in terms of the 
articles of association, from time to time:

Amount approved

Total borrowings

Unutilised borrowing capacity

GROUP

2010
Rm

21 850

 4 360

17 490

2009
Rm

16 136

 4 754

11 382

188 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION

This  report  on  remuneration  and  related  matters  covers  issues 
which are the concern of the board as a whole, in addition to those 
which were dealt with by the transformation, remuneration, human 
resources and nomination committee (Tremco).

DIRECTORS’ SERVICE CONTRACTS
All executive directors’ normal contracts are subject to six calendar 
months’ notice. Non-executive directors are not bound by service 
contracts.

REMUNERATION POLICY 
Tremco has a clearly defined mandate from the board aimed at:
•   ensuring 

the  company’s  chairman,  directors  and  senior 
executives are fairly rewarded for their individual contributions to 
the company’s overall performance

•   ensuring the company’s remuneration strategies and packages, 
including incentive schemes, are related to performance, suitably 
competitive  and  give  due  regard  to  the  interests  of  the 
shareholders  and  the  financial  and  commercial  health  of  the 
company (page 160).

There  are  no  restraints  of  trade  associated  with  the  contracts  of 
executive directors. 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 189

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION CONTINUED

SUMMARY OF REMUNERATION for the year ended 31 December 2010

Executive directors

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Less: Gains on share scheme

Add: Share-based payment expense

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Non-executive directors

JJ Geldenhuys

CI Griffith4

U Khumalo4

Dr D Konar (chairman)

N Langeni3

VZ Mntambo

RP Mohring

NL Sowazi4

J van Rooyen

D Zihlangu

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Basic salary
R

Fees for services
R

 5 233 180 

 2 879 349 

 8 112 529 

8 112 529

 411 680 

 236 487 

 200 120 

 603 200 

 191 622 

 268 460 

 509 330 

 297 770 

 371 031 

 268 460 

 3 358 160 

1  All incentive schemes are performance related and were approved by the board. The three-tier short-term incentive scheme applies to all employees throughout 

the group.

2  Include travel allowances.
3  Appointed on 23 February 2010.
4  Fees paid to the respective employer and not the individual.

Retirement amounts paid or received by executive directors are paid or received under defined contribution retirement funds.

190 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Performance 
bonuses1
R

Benefits and 
allowances2
R

Retirement fund 
contributions
R

3 150 335

 1 633 632 

 4 783 967

 97 403 

 225 137 

 322 540 

 458 341 

 274 397 

 732 738 

Gains on 
management 
share option 
scheme
R

 4 457 001 

 2 231 251 

 6 688 252 

Other
R

 6 005 

 3 488 

 9 493 

4 783 767

322 540

732 738

6 688 252

9 493

 34 003 

 6 569 

 26 520 

 3 179 

 70 271 

Total
R

13 402 265

7 247 254

20 649 519

 (6 688 252)

 9 890 618 

23 851 885

 445 683 

 236 487 

 200 120 

 603 200 

 198 191 

 268 460 

 535 850 

 297 770 

 371 031 

 271 639 

 3 428 431 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 191

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION CONTINUED

SUMMARY OF REMUNERATION for the year ended 31 December 2009

Executive directors

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk3

DJ van Staden4

Less: Gains on share scheme

Add: Share-based payment expense

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Non-executive directors

PM Baum5, 6

JJ Geldenhuys

CI Griffith5, 7

U Khumalo5

Dr D Konar (chairman)

VZ Mntambo

RP Mohring

SEA Mngomezulu8

NL Sowazi5

J van Rooyen

D Zihlangu

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Basic salary
R

Fees for services
R

 4 051 228 

 2 232 764 

 489 511 

 6 773 503 

6 773 503

 123 720 

 379 440 

 76 850 

 184 440 

 570 000 

 247 440 

 469 440 

 184 440 

 240 737 

 274 440 

 247 440 

 2 998 387 

1  All incentive schemes are performance related and were approved by the board. The three-tier short-term incentive scheme applies to all employees throughout 

the group.

2 Include travel allowances.
3 Appointed on 1 March 2009
4 Retired on 28 February 2009
5 Fees paid to the respective employer and not the individual
6 Resigned on 15 July 2009
7 Appointed on 16 July 2009
8 Resigned on 21 December 2009

Retirement amounts paid or received by executive directors are paid or received under defined contribution retirement funds.

192 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
Performance 
bonuses1
R

Benefits and 
allowances2
R

Retirement fund 
contributions
R

 2 373 637 

 1 708 603 

 308 427 

 4 390 667 

 135 713 

 215 838 

 426 980 

 778 531 

 368 187 

 217 551 

 51 117 

 636 855 

Gains on 
management 
share option 
scheme
R

 1 644 031 

 1 644 031 

Other
R

 4 728 

 2 843 

 529 

 8 100 

Total
R

 6 933 493 

 6 021 630 

 1 276 564 

 14 231 687 

 (1 644 031)

 3 288 279 

4 390 667

778 531

636 855

1 644 031

8 100

 15 875 935 

 35 241 

 19 693 

 11 696 

 66 630 

 123 720 

 414 681 

 76 850 

 184 440 

 570 000 

 247 440 

 489 133 

 184 440 

 240 737 

 274 440 

 259 136 

 3 065 017 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 193

 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION CONTINUED

Directors’ beneficial interest in Exxaro shares at 31 December 2010

 Direct 

 Indirect 

 1 462 

 168 

9 698 806

 5 529 881 

 3 038 387 

 2 818 552 

 54 950 

Director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

JJ Geldenhuys

CI Griffith

U Khumalo

Dr D Konar (chairman)

N Langeni

VZ Mntambo

RP Mohring

NL Sowazi

J van Rooyen

D Zihlangu

Directors’ non-beneficial interest in Exxaro shares at 31 December 2010

Director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

JJ Geldenhuys

CI Griffith

U Khumalo

Dr D Konar (chairman)

N Langeni

VZ Mntambo

RP Mohring

NL Sowazi

J van Rooyen

D Zihlangu

194 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Directors’ beneficial interest in Exxaro shares at 31 December 2009

 Direct 

 Indirect 

Director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

JJ Geldenhuys

CI Griffith

U Khumalo

Dr D Konar (chairman)

VZ Mntambo

RP Mohring

NL Sowazi

J van Rooyen

D Zihlangu

Directors’ non-beneficial interest in Exxaro shares at 31 December 2009

Director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

JJ Geldenhuys

CI Griffith

U Khumalo

Dr D Konar (chairman)

VZ Mntambo

RP Mohring

NL Sowazi

J van Rooyen

D Zihlangu

 1 462 

 168 

 8 016 068 

 5 529 881 

 2 181 590 

 2 818 552 

 54 950 

There has been no change to the interest of directors in share capital since the year-end.

On 31 December 2010 Mr SA Nkosi held 2,7% (2009: 2,3%), Mr VZ Mntambo held 1,5% (2009: 1,6%) and Mr NL Sowazi held 0,8% (2009: 
0,6%) directly or indirectly in the share capital of the company.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 195

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION CONTINUED

Directors’ share options and restricted share awards

The following options and rights in shares in the company were outstanding in favour of directors of the company under the company’s share 
option schemes:

Management share option scheme for the year ended 31 December 2010

Executive director

WA de Klerk

Options held at 
31 December 2010

Exercise price
R

Exercisable period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2010
R

 3 230 

 29 130 

 8 750 

 41 110 

 13,62 

 12,90 

 19,62 

16/03/2011

16/03/2011

22/04/2012

 440 055 

 3 968 671 

 1 192 100 

 5 600 826 

1 Based on a share price of R136,24 which prevailed on 31 December 2010.

Management share option scheme for the year ended 31 December 2009

Executive director

WA de Klerk

Options held at 
31 December 2009

Exercise price
R

Exercisable period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2009
R

 3 230 

 29 130 

 8 750 

13,62

 12,90 

 19,62 

16/03/2011

16/03/2011

22/04/2012

 337 535 

 3 044 085 

 914 375 

Total

 41 110 

 4 295 995 

1 Based on a share price of R104,50 which prevailed on 31 December 2009.

196 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax gain
R

Date exercised

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax gain
R

Date exercised

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20101
R

 396 063 

 3 592 894 

 1 020 425 

 5 009 382 

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20091
R

 293 542 

 2 668 308 

 742 700 

 2 140 

 4 000 

 2 840 

 1 710 

 9 790 

 11,48 

 11,48 

 10,76 

 10,76 

 10,76 

 3 704 550 

 20 480 

 92,11 

 91,20 

 91,51 

 91,30 

 91,00 

 172 548 

 318 880 

 229 330 

 137 723 

 785 550 

 1 644 031 

26/10/2009

26/10/2009

26/10/2009

26/10/2009

26/10/2009

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 197

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION CONTINUED

Management share appreciation right scheme for the year ended 31 December 2010

Executive director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Rights held at 
31 December 2010

Exercise price
R

Exercisable period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2010
R

 38 680 

 41 780 

 67 430 

 45 474 

 193 364 

 19 330 

 16 410 

 37 760 

 21 478 

 94 978 

60,60

112,35

67,07

126,77

60,60

112,35

67,07

126,77

01/03/2014

01/04/2015

01/04/2016

01/04/2017

01/03/2014

01/04/2015

01/04/2016

01/04/2017

 5 269 763 

 5 692 107 

 9 186 663 

 6 195 378 

 26 343 911 

 2 633 519 

 2 235 698 

 5 144 422 

 2 926 163 

 12 939 802 

1 Based on a share price of R136,24 which prevailed on 31 December 2010

Management share appreciation right scheme for the year ended 31 December 2009

Executive director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Rights held at 
31 December 2009

Exercise price
R

Exercisable period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20091
R

 38 680 

 41 780 

 67 430 

 147 890 

 19 330 

 16 410 

 37 760 

 73 500 

60,60

112,35

67,07

60,60

112,35

67,07

01/03/2014

01/04/2015

01/04/2016

01/03/2014

01/04/2015

01/04/2016

 4 042 060 

 7 046 435 

 11 088 495 

 2 019 985 

 3 945 920 

 5 965 905 

1 Based on a share price of R104,50 which prevailed on 31 December 2009.

It is assumed that directors will not exercise rights which are out of the money.

198 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20101
R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax gain
R

Date exercised

 2 925 755 

 998 124 

 4 664 133 

 430 639 

 9 018 651 

 1 462 121 

 392 035 

 2 611 859 

 203 397 

 4 669 412 

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20091
R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax gain
R

Date exercised

 1 698 052 

 2 523 905 

 4 221 957 

 848 587 

 1 413 357 

 2 261 944 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 199

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION CONTINUED

Management share scheme – long-term incentive plan for the year ended 31 December 2010

Rights held at 
31 December 2010

Exercise price
R

Exercisable period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2010
R

Executive director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

 41 782 

 67 438 

 47 412 

 156 632 

 16 418 

 37 764 

 21 478 

 75 660 

01/04/2011

01/04/2012

01/04/2013

 5 692 380 

 9 187 753 

 6 459 411 

 21 339 544 

01/04/2011

01/04/2012

01/04/2013

 2 236 788 

 5 144 967 

 2 926 163 

 10 307 918 

1 Based on a share price of R136,24 which prevailed on 31 December 2010.

Management share scheme – long-term incentive plan for the year ended 31 December 2009

Executive director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Rights held at 
31 December 2009

Exercise price
R

Exercisable period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2009
R

 38 682 

 41 782 

 67 438 

 147 902 

 19 334 

 16 418 

 37 764 

 73 516 

01/03/2010

01/04/2011

01/04/2012

01/03/2010

01/04/2011

01/04/2012

 4 042 269 

 4 366 219 

 7 047 271 

 15 455 759 

 2 020 403 

 1 715 681 

 3 946 338 

 7 682 422 

1 Based on a share price of R104,50 which prevailed on 31 December 2009.

200 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20101
R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax gain
R

Date exercised

 15 434 

 1 821 

 649 

 20 778 

 38 682 

 13 452 

 3 421 

 1 900 

 561 

 5 692 380 

 9 187 753 

 6 459 411 

 21 339 544 

 2 236 788 

 5 144 967 

 2 926 163 

 116,00 

 116,01 

 116,05 

 116,25 

 1 790 344 

 211 254 

 75 316 

 2 415 443 

05/03/2010

05/03/2010

05/03/2010

05/03/2010

116,25

116,26

116,28

116,31

 4 492 357 

 1 563 795 

 397 725 

 220 932 

 65 250 

05/03/2010

05/03/2010

05/03/2010

05/03/2010

 10 307 918 

 19 334 

 2 247 702 

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax gain
R

Date exercised

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20091
R

 4 042 269 

 4 366 219 

 7 047 271 

 15 455 759 

 2 020 403 

 1 715 681 

 3 946 338 

 7 682 422 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 201

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION CONTINUED

Management share scheme – deferred bonus plan for the year ended 31 December 2010

Rights held at 
31 December 2010

Exercise price
R

Exercisable period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2010
R

Executive director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

 718 

 2 573 

 213 

 2 315 

 6 620 

 466 

 1 433 

 3 527 

 420 

 18 285 

 542 

 1 398 

 182 

 1 644 

 3 000 

 326 

 1 003 

 2 083 

 262 

 10 440 

 28/02/2011 

 28/02/2011 

 01/09/2011 

 02/03/2012 

 31/03/2012 

 31/08/2012 

 01/03/2013 

 31/03/2013 

 31/08/2013 

 28/02/2011 

 28/02/2011 

 01/09/2011 

 02/03/2012 

 31/03/2012 

 31/08/2012 

 01/03/2013 

 31/03/2013 

 31/08/2013 

 97 820 

 350 546 

 29 019 

 315 396 

 901 909 

 63 488 

 195 232 

 480 518 

 57 221 

 2 491 149 

 73 842 

 190 464 

 24 796 

 223 979 

 408 720 

 44 414 

 136 649 

 283 788 

 35 695 

 1 422 347 

1 Based on a share price of R136,24 which prevailed on 31 December 2010.

202 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20101
R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax gain
R

Date exercised

361

112,68

 40 677 

 08/09/2010 

 97 820 

 350 546 

 29 019 

 315 396 

 901 909 

 63 488 

 195 232 

 480 518 

 57 221 

 2 491 149 

 73 842 

 190 464 

 24 796 

 223 979 

 408 720 

 44 414 

 136 649 

 283 788 

 35 695 

361

 212 

 112,68 

 40 677 

 23 888 

 08/09/2010 

 1 422 347 

 212 

 23 888 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 203

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION CONTINUED

Management share scheme – deferred bonus plan for the year ended 31 December 2009

Rights held at 
31 December 2009

Exercise price
R

Exercisable period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2009
R

Executive director

SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

 361 

 718 

 2 573 

 213 

 2 315 

 6 620 

 466 

 13 266 

 212 

 542 

 1 398 

 182 

 1 644 

 3 000 

 326 

 7 304 

 01/10/2010 

 01/04/2011 

 01/04/2011 

 01/10/2011 

 01/04/2012 

 04/05/2012 

 01/10/2012 

 01/10/2010 

 01/04/2011 

 01/04/2011 

 01/10/2011 

 01/04/2012 

 04/05/2012 

 01/10/2012 

 37 725 

 75 031 

 268 879 

 22 259 

 241 918 

 691 790 

 48 697 

 1 386 299 

 22 154 

 56 639 

 146 091 

 19 019 

 171 798 

 313 500 

 34 067 

 763 268 

1 Based on a share price of R104,50 which prevailed on 31 December 2009.

204 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20091
R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax gain
R

Date exercised

 37 725 

 75 031 

 268 879 

 22 259 

 241 918 

 691 790 

 48 697 

 1 386 299 

 22 154 

 56 639 

 146 091 

 19 019 

 171 798 

 313 500 

 34 067 

 763 268 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 205

INCOME STATEMENTS AND STATEMENTS 
OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
for the year ended 31 December 2010

Revenue

Operating expenses

NET OPERATING PROFIT/(LOSS)

Interest income

Interest expense

Income from investments 

Income from equity-accounted investments

PROFIT BEFORE TAX

Income tax expense

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR

Profit attributable to:

Owners of the parent

Non-controlling interests

Notes

2

3

5

5

6

14

7

STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income:

Exchange differences on translating foreign operations

Cash flow hedges

Share of comprehensive income of associates

Income tax relating to components of other comprehensive 
income

Net gain/(loss) recognised in other comprehensive income

26

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR

Total comprehensive income attributable to:

Owners of the parent

Non-controlling interests

ATTRIBUTABLE EARNINGS PER SHARE (CENTS) 

8

–  basic

–  diluted 

GROUP

COMPANY

2010 
Rm

17 155 

 (14 519)

 2 636 

 135 

 (590)

 2 

 3 717 

5 900 

 (665)

 5 235 

 5 208 

 27 

 5 235 

2009 
Rm

 15 009 

 (14 705)

 304 

 145 

 (560)

2 

 1 898 

1 789 

 (766)

 1 023 

2010 
Rm

1 048 

 (1 295)

 (247)

 64 

 (295)

 3 205 

 2 727 

 (36)

 2 691 

2009 
Rm

 1 009 

 (4 320)

 (3 311)

 51 

 (390)

 6 731 

 3 081 

 (2)

 3 079 

 1 023 

 2 691 

 3 079 

 1 023 

 2 691 

 3 079 

5 235 

1 023 

2 691 

3 079 

2 

 3 

2 

2 693 

3 

3 082 

 2 693 

 3 082 

 2 693 

 3 082 

(9)

227 

40 

(115)

143 

5 378 

 5 408 

 (30)

 5 378 

1 501 

1 443 

(35)

(474)

(34)

142 

(401)

622 

 759 

 (137)

 622 

297 

286 

206 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
at 31 December 2010

ASSETS

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Biological assets

Intangible assets

Investments in associates

 and joint ventures 

Investments in subsidiaries

Deferred tax

Financial assets

Total non-current assets

Current assets

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Current tax receivable

Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Non-current assets classified as held for sale

TOTAL ASSETS

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Capital and reserves

Share capital and premium

Other components of equity

Retained earnings

Equity attributable to owners of the parent

Non-controlling interests

Total equity

Non-current liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings

Non-current provisions

Financial liabilities

Deferred tax

Total non-current liabilities

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Interest-bearing borrowings

Current tax payable

Current provisions

Total current liabilities

Non-current liabilities classified as held for sale

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

NET DEBT

GROUP

2010 
Rm

COMPANY

2009 
Rm

2010 
Rm

2009 
Rm

Notes

11

12

13

14

15

23

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

21

22

19

13 305 

11 869 

266 

240 

46 

75 

41 

87 

3 880 

1 966 

1 

10 

 6 017 

6 668 

726 

1 375 

629 

1 217 

85 

12 

87 

11 

19 407 

15 809 

6 381 

7 016 

3 120 

3 752 

105 

2 140 

9 117 

85 

3 133 

3 121 

57 

1 023 

7 334 

86 

8 054 

7 090 

1 229 

9 283 

10 

14 

343 

7 447 

18 

28 609 

23 229 

15 674 

14 481 

2 170 

2 321 

12 946 

17 437 

(23)

2 141 

2 046 

8 721 

12 908 

1 

2 347 

1 143 

 8 656 

12 146 

2 318 

1 041 

 7 038 

10 397 

17 414 

12 909 

12 146 

10 397 

3 644 

2 193 

1 353 

7 190 

3 057 

716 

147 

33 

3 953 

52 

28 609 

2 220 

2 718 

27 

3 335 

28 

4 347 

1 853 

75 

995 

7 270 

2 745 

3 363 

2 510 

407 

57 

27 

3 001 

49 

23 229 

3 731 

366 

417 

359 

362 

783 

721 

15 674 

1 906 

14 481 

3 354 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 207

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for the year ended 31 December 2010

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

Cash generated by/(utilised in) operations

Net financing costs

Tax paid

Dividends paid

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Investments to maintain operations

Investments to expand operations

Investment in intangible assets

Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment

(Increase)/decrease in investments in other non-current assets

Income from equity accounted investments

Income from investments

Foreign currency translations

Notes

25.1

25.2

25.3

25.4

25.5

25.6

25.7

25.8

25.9

25.10

NET CASH INFLOW/(OUTFLOW)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Non-current interest-bearing borrowings raised

Non-current interest-bearing borrowings repaid

Current interest-bearing borrowings raised/(repaid)

Proceeds from issuance of share capital

Increase in loans from non-controlling interests

NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH  
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR

CALCULATION OF MOVEMENT IN NET DEBT:

GROUP

2010 
Rm

 4 106 

 (256)

 (430)

 (1 056)

 2 364 

 (1 155)

 (1 522)

60 

 (149)

 1 815 

 2 

 (29)

 (978)

 1 386 

 345 

 (960)

 311 

29 

6 

 (269)

 1 117 

 1 023 

 2 140 

2009 
Rm

 2 117 

 (381)

 (892)

 (1 050)

 (206)

 (992)

 (990)

 (19)

 11 

 (1 090)

 1 752 

 2 

 (88)

 (1 414)

 (1 620)

 1 572 

 (658)

 (93)

 43 

 10 

 874 

 (746)

 1 769 

 1 023 

COMPANY

2010 
Rm

 (24)

 (231)

2009 
Rm

 (788)

 (337)

 (1 073)

 (1 328)

 (1 066)

 (2 191)

 (68)

1 

 606 

 (88)

 (19)

 (795)

 2 205 

 2 131 

 2 

 2 746 

 1 418 

 (526)

 (35)

29 

 1 

 1 230 

 (961)

 1 301 

 (674)

 157 

42 

 (532)

 826 

 886 

 343 

 1 229 

 (135)

 478 

 343 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) as above

 1 386 

 (1 620)

Add:

–   proceeds from issuance of share capital

–   loans from non-controlling interests

–   non-cash flow movements in net debt applicable to currency 
translation differences of transactions denominated in foreign 
currency

–   non-cash flow movements in net debt applicable to currency 
translation differences of net debt items of foreign entities

DECREASE/(INCREASE) IN NET DEBT

 29 

 6 

43 

 10 

 187 

 340 

 (97)

 1 511 

 (123)

 (1 350)

208 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
GROUP STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
for the year ended 31 December 2010

Other components of equity

Foreign
currency
trans-
lations
Rm

Financial 
instru-
ments
revalu-
ation
Rm

Share
capital
Rm

Share
premium
Rm

Attribut-
able to
owners
of the 
parent
Rm

Non-
control-
ling
interests
Rm

Total
equity
Rm

Equity-
settled
Rm

Retained
income
Rm

 4 

 2 094 

 964 

 (162)

 43 

 145 

 1 081 

 8 708 

 12 996 

 128 

 13 124 

 (142)

 1 063 

160 

 (137)

 759 

 43 

 160 

 622 

 43 

 160 

 (1 050)

 (1 050)

 (1 050)

 10 

 10 

 4 

 2 137 

 802 

 (86)

 29 

 3 

 1 241 

 8 721 

 12 908 

 1 

 12 909 

 213 

 5 281 

 5 408 

 (30)

 5 378 

 148 

 29 

 148 

 29 

 148 

 (1 056)

 (1 056)

 (1 056)

 6 

 6 

 4 

 2 166 

 716 

 216 

 1 389 

 12 946 

 17 437 

 (23)

 17 414 

OPENING BALANCE AT  
1 JANUARY 2009

Total comprehensive income

Issue of share capital1

Share-based payment movements 
(restated)

Non-controlling interests additional 
contributions

Dividends paid2

BALANCE AT  
31 DECEMBER 2009

Total comprehensive income

Issue of share capital1

Share-based payment movement

Non-controlling interests additional 
contributions

Dividends paid2

BALANCE AT  
31 DECEMBER 2010

Dividend paid per share (cents) in 
respect of the 2009 financial year

Dividend paid per share (cents) in 
respect of the 2010 interim period

Final dividend payable per share 
(cents) in respect of 2010 financial 
year

200 

200 

 300 

1 Issued to the Kumba Resources Management Share Trust due to options exercised.
2 The STC on these dividends amount to Rnil after taking into account STC credits.

Foreign currency translation reserve
The foreign currency translation reserve comprises all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of 
foreign entities that are not integral to the operations of the group.

Financial instruments revaluation reserve
The financial instruments revaluation reserve comprises the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value of cash flow hedging 
instruments where the hedged transaction has not yet occurred.

Equity-settled reserve
The equity-settled reserve represents the fair value of services received and settled by equity instruments granted.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 209

 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
for the year ended 31 December 2010

Other components of equity

Foreign
currency
trans-
lations
Rm

Financial 
instru-
ments
revalu-
ation 
Rm

Share
capital
Rm

Share
premium
Rm

OPENING BALANCE AT 1 JANUARY 2009

 4 

 2 272 

Total comprehensive income

Share-based payment movements (restated)

Cash dividends paid1

Issue of share capital2

BALANCE AT 31 DECEMBER 2009

Total comprehensive income

Share-based payment movements

Cash dividends paid1

Issue of share capital2

42 

 4 

 2 314 

29 

 (3)

 3 

 2 

Equity-
settled
Rm

Retained
income
Rm

Total
equity
Rm

 949 

 5 025 

 8 247 

 3 079 

 3 082 

 92 

 92 

 (1 066)

 (1 066)

42 

 1 041 

 7 038 

 10 397 

 2 691 

 2 693 

 100 

 100 

(1 073)

 (1 073)

29 

BALANCE AT 31 DECEMBER 2010

 4 

 2 343 

 2 

 1 141 

 8 656 

 12 146 

Dividend paid per share (cents) in respect of the  
2009 financial year

Dividend paid per share (cents) in respect of the  
2010 interim period

Final dividend payable per share (cents) in respect of  
2010 financial year

200 

200 

300 

1 The STC on these dividends amount to Rnil after taking into account STC credits.
2 Issued to the Kumba Resources Management Share Trust due to options exercised.

210 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
for the year ended 31 December 2010

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Principal accounting policies
 The  principal  accounting  policies  of  the  group  and  the 
disclosures  made  in  the  annual  financial  statements  comply 
with 
(IFRS) 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards 
effective for the group’s financial year, as well as the AC 500 
statements as issued by the Accounting Practices Board or 
its  successor,  schedule  4  Part  IV  of  the  South  African 
Companies Act, No 61 of 1973, as amended, and the Listings 
Requirements of the JSE Limited.

 The  financial  statements  are  prepared  on  the  historical  cost 
basis,  except  for  the  revaluation  to  fair  value  of  financial 
instruments  and  biological  assets.  Where  comparative 
financial information is reported, the accounting policies have 
been applied consistently for all periods.

 Adoption of new and revised standards and interpretations
 In May 2010, the International Accounting Standards Board 
(IASB)  issued  amendments  to  the  standards  as  part  of  the 
annual improvements process. The amendments result from 
proposals  that  were  contained  in  the  exposure  draft  of 
proposed  amendments  to  IFRS  published  in  August  2009 
and in the exposure draft Rate-regulated Activities published 
in  July  2009.  The  annual  improvements  process  provides  a 
vehicle for making non-urgent but necessary amendments to 
IFRS. Some amendments involve consequential amendments 
to other IFRS.

The topics addressed by these amendments are as follows:
•   IFRS  1  First-time  Adoption  of  International  Financial 

Reporting Standards

•   IFRS 3 Business Combinations
•   IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures
•   IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements
•   IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements
•   IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting
•   IFRIC 13 Customer Loyalty Programmes

 The effective date of each amendment is included in the list of 
the new and revised standards and interpretation list below.

 The  following  Standards  and  Interpretations  have  been 
applied,  where  relevant,  to  the  financial  statements  for  the 
period ended 31 December 2010:
•   Amended  IFRS  1  First-time  Adoption  of  International 
Financial Reporting, effective for annual periods beginning 
on or after 1 July 2009.

•   Amended  IFRS  2  Share-based  Payment  resulting  from 
April  2009  Annual  Improvements  to  IFRS,  effective  for 
annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2009.

•   Amended  IFRS  2  Share-based  Payment,  effective  for 

annual periods on or after 1 January 2010.

•   Amended  IAS  17  Leases,  effective  for  annual  periods 

beginning on or after 1 January 2010.

•   Revised  IAS  27  Consolidated  and  Separate  Financial 
Statements,  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or 
after 1 July 2009.

•   Revised  IAS  28  Investments  in  Associates,  effective  for 

annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2009.

•   Revised  IAS  31  Interests  in  Joint  Ventures,  effective  for 

annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2009.

•   Amended  IAS  32  Financial  Instruments:  Presentation, 
for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after 

effective 
1 February 2010.

•   Amended IAS 36 Impairment of Assets, effective for annual 

periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010.

•   Amended  IAS  38  Intangible  Assets,  effective  for  annual 

periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010.

•   Amended  IAS  39  Financial  Instruments:  Recognition  and 

Measurement, effective from 1 July 2009.

•   Amended  IAS  39  Financial  Instruments:  Recognition  and 
Measurement,  effective  for  annual  periods  ending  on  or 
after 30 June 2009.

•   Amended  IAS  39  Financial  Instruments:  Recognition  and 
Measurement,  amendments  resulting  from  April  2009 
Annual Improvements to IFRS, effective for annual periods 
beginning on or after 1 January 2010.

•   Amended IFRIC 9 Reassessment of Embedded Derivatives, 
for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after 

effective 
1 July 2009.

•   IFRIC  17  Distributions  of  Non-cash  Assets  to  Owners, 
for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after 

effective 
1 July 2009.

•   IFRIC  18  Transfers  of  Assets  from  Customers,  effective 

from 1 July 2009.

 The adoption of the amended and revised standards did not 
have a significant impact on the measurement or disclosure 
and presentation of items included in the financial statements. 
No standards were early adopted during 2010 or 2009.

 At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, the 
following Standards and Interpretations were in issue but not 
yet effective:
•   Amended  IFRS  7  Financial  Instruments:  Disclosures, 
for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after 

effective 
1 January 2011.
•   IFRS  9  Financial 

Instruments  –  Classification  and 
Measurement, effective for annual periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2013.

•   Amended  IAS  24  Related  Party  Disclosure,  effective  date 

for annual periods 1 January 2011.

•   Amended IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting, effective for 

annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2011.

•   IFRIC  13  Customer  Loyalty  Programmes,  effective  for 

•   Revised IFRS 3 Business Combinations, effective for annual 

annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2011.

periods beginning on or after 1 July 2009.

•   Amended  IFRS  5  Non-current  Assets  Held  for  Sale  and 
Discontinued  Operations,  effective  for  annual  periods 
beginning on or after 1 July 2009.

•    Amended IFRS 8 Operating Segments, effective for annual 

periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010.

•   Amended  IAS  1  Presentation  of  Financial  Statements, 
effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2010.

•   Amended  IAS  7  Statement  of  Cash  Flows,  effective  for 

annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010.

•   IFRIC  14  IAS  19  The  Limit  on  a  Defined  Benefit  Asset, 
Minimum  Funding  Requirements  and  their  interaction, 
effective 
for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after 
1 January 2011.

•   IFRIC  19  Extinguishing  Financial  Liabilities  with  Equity 
Instruments,  effective  for  annual  periods  on  or  after 
1 January 2011.

 The  directors  believe  that  none  of  the  other  new  or  revised 
standards  and  interpretations  will  have  an  effect  other  than 
enhanced disclosure.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 211

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Basis of consolidation
 The  group  annual  financial  statements  present 
the 
consolidated financial position and changes therein, operating 
results  and  cash  flow  information  of  the  company  and  its 
subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are those entities in which the group 
has  an  interest  of  more  than  half  of  the  voting  rights  or  the 
power to exercise control.

 The results of subsidiaries are included for the duration of the 
period in which the group exercises control over the subsidiary. 
All intercompany transactions and resultant profits and losses 
between  group  companies  are  eliminated  on  consolidation. 
Where  necessary,  accounting  policies  for  subsidiaries  are 
changed to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by 
the  group.  If  it  is  not  practical  to  change  the  policies,  the 
appropriate adjustments are made on consolidation to ensure 
consistency within the group.

 The results of special purpose entities that, in substance, are 
controlled by the group, are consolidated.

 The  company  carries  its  investments  in  subsidiaries  at  cost 
less accumulated impairment losses.

Goodwill
 Goodwill  is  reflected  at  cost  less  accumulated  impairment 
losses, if any. It represents the excess of the cost of a business 
combination  over  the  fair  value  of  the  group’s  share  of  the 
identifiable net assets and contingent liabilities of that entity at 
the date of acquisition. Goodwill is assessed for impairment 
on an annual basis. 

 The  gains  or  losses  on  disposal  of  an  entity  includes  the 
balance of goodwill relating to the entity.

 Negative  goodwill  arising  on  a  business  combination 
represents the excess of the fair value of the net identifiable 
assets and contingent liabilities of the entity acquired over the 
cost of acquisition, and is recognised immediately in profit or 
loss.

Investments in associates and joint ventures
 The company carries its investments in associates and joint 
ventures at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

 An associate is an entity over which the group has the ability 
to exercise significant influence, but which it does not control.

 A joint venture is an entity jointly controlled by the group and 
one  or  more  other  venturers  in  terms  of  a  contractual 
arrangement  requiring  unanimous  consent  for  strategic 
financial and operating decisions. It may involve a corporation, 
partnership  or  another  entity  in  which  the  group  has  an 
interest.

 Investments  in  associates  are  accounted  for  in  the  group 
financial statements using the equity method for the duration 
of  the  period  in  which  the  group  has  the  ability  to  exercise 
significant influence. Equity accounted income represents the 
group’s proportionate share of profits of these entities and the 
share of tax thereon. The retained earnings of an associate, 
net of any dividends, are classified as distributable reserves. 
The group’s interest in associates is carried in the statement of 
financial position at an amount that reflects its share of the net 
assets and the unimpaired portion of goodwill on acquisition. 

 Where  the  group’s  share  of  losses  of  an  associate  exceeds 
the  carrying  amount  of  the  associate,  the  investment  in  the 
associate  is  carried  at  nil  value.  Additional  losses  are  only 
recognised to the extent that the group has incurred further 
funding  obligations  or  provided  guarantees  or  sureties  in 
respect of the associate.

 Investments in joint ventures are accounted for in the group 
financial  statements  using  the  proportionate  consolidation 
method.

 Where necessary, the results of associates and joint ventures 
are  restated  to  ensure  consistency  with  group  policies. 
Unrealised profits and losses are eliminated.

Property, plant and equipment
 Land  and  extensions  under  construction  are  stated  at  cost 
and  are  not  depreciated.  Buildings,  including  certain  non-
mining  residential  buildings  and  all  other  items  of  property, 
plant and equipment are reflected at cost less accumulated 
depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.

 Depreciation  is  charged  on  a  systematic  basis  over  the 
estimated useful lives of the assets after taking into account 
the estimated residual value of the assets. Useful life is either 
the period of time over which the asset is expected to be used 
or the number of production or similar units expected to be 
obtained from the use of the asset.

 Moulds and refractory furnace relines are depreciated based 
on the usage thereof.

 Items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  capitalised  in 
components where components have a different useful life to 
the main item of property, plant and equipment to which the 
component can be logically assigned.

 The estimated useful lives of assets and their residual values, 
are  reassessed  periodically  with  any  changes  in  such 
accounting  estimates  being  adjusted  in  the  financial  year  of 
reassessment and applied prospectively.

212 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Property, plant and equipment (continued)
 The estimated useful lives of items of property, plant and equipment are:

2010

Buildings and infrastructure (including residential buildings)

Mineral properties

Fixed plant and equipment

Mobile equipment, built-in process computers, underground mining  
equipment and reconditionable spares

13 000 – 50 000 hours 
or 1 – 17 years 

 Coal 

 Mineral sands 

 1 – 25 years 

 1 – 25 years 

 1 – 25 years 

 1 – 10 years 

 1 – 20 years 

 10 years 

 1 – 25 years 

 3 – 40 years 

 3 – 29 years 

 1 – 30 years 

 3 – 25 years 

 3 – 10 years 

 10 – 20 years 

 4 – 6 years 

 3 – 29 years 

Loose tools and computer equipment

Development costs

Refractory relines

Site preparation, mining development and exploration

Buildings and infrastructure (including residential 
buildings)

Mineral properties

Fixed plant and equipment

Mobile equipment, built-in process computers, 
underground mining equipment and reconditionable 
spares

Loose tools and computer equipment

Development costs

Refractory relines

2009

Buildings and infrastructure (including residential buildings)

Mineral properties

Fixed plant and equipment

Loose tools and computer equipment

Development costs

Refractory relines

Site preparation, mining development and exploration

Buildings and infrastructure  
(including residential buildings)

Mineral properties

Fixed plant and equipment

Mobile equipment, built-in process computers, 
underground mining equipment and reconditionable 
spares

Loose tools and computer equipment

Development costs

Refractory relines

 Base metals 

 Industrial minerals 

 Other 

 2 years – indefinite 

 10 – 25 years 

 20 – 25 years 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 2 years – 50 years 

 5 – 25 years 

 n/a 

 5 years 

 2 – 15 years 

 2 – 8 years 

 5 – 15 years 

 5 years 

 2 – 5 years 

 3 – 5 years 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 Coal 

 Mineral sands 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 3 – 40 years 

 3 – 29 years 

 1 – 30 years 

 3 – 25 years 

 3 – 15 years 

 10 – 20 years 

 4 – 6 years 

 3 – 29 years 

 2 – 25 years 

 2 – 25 years 

 2 – 25 years 

 1 – 5 years 

 8 – 20 years 

 n/a 

 0 – 25 years 

 Base metals 

 Industrial minerals 

 Other 

 2 years – indefinite 

 10 – 25 years 

 20 – 25 years 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 2 years – 50 years 

 5 – 25 years 

 5 – 10 years 

 2 – 15 years 

 2 – 8 years 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 5 – 15 years 

 5 years 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 2 – 5 years 

 3 – 5 years 

 n/a 

 n/a 

 6 years 

Mobile equipment, built-in process computers, underground mining  
equipment and reconditionable spares

 13 000 – 40 000 hours 
or 1 – 14 years 

Site preparation, mining development and exploration

 7 – 25 years 

 20 years 

Site preparation, mining development and exploration

 7 – 25 years 

 20 years 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 213

 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Property, plant and equipment (continued)
 Maintenance and repairs which neither materially add to the 
value of assets nor appreciably prolong their useful lives are 
taken to profit or loss.

 Direct  attributable  expenses  relating  to  mining  and  other 
major  capital  projects,  site  preparations  and  exploration  are 
capitalised until the asset is brought to a working condition for 
its  intended  use.  These  costs  include  dismantling  and 
site restoration costs to the extent that these are recognised 
as a provision.

 Financing  costs  directly  associated  with  the  construction  or 
acquisition of qualifying assets are capitalised at interest rates 
relating to loans specifically raised for that purpose, or at the 
average  borrowing  rate  where  the  general  pool  of  group 
borrowings  was  utilised.  Capitalisation  of  borrowing  costs 
ceases when the asset is substantially complete.

 Directly  attributable  costs  associated  with  the  acquisition, 
installation  of  certain  software  are 
development  and 
capitalised.  Such  assets  are  depreciated  using 
the 
amortisation  methods  and  periods  applicable  to  computer 
equipment. 

 Gains  and  losses  on  the  disposal  of  property,  plant  and 
equipment are taken to profit or loss.

Leased assets
 Leases  involving  plant  and  equipment  whereby  the  lessor 
provides finance to the group with the asset as security and 
where  the  group  assumes  substantially  all  the  benefits  and 
risks  of  ownership,  are  classified  as  finance  leases.  Assets 
acquired in terms of finance leases are capitalised at the lower 
of  fair  value  and  the  present  value  of  the  minimum  lease 
payments at inception of the lease and depreciated over the 
useful life of the asset. The capital element of future obligations 
under the leases is included as a liability in the statement of 
financial  position.  Each  lease  payment  is  allocated  between 
the liability and finance charges so as to achieve a constant 
rate on the finance balance outstanding. The interest element 
of  the  finance  charge  is  charged  against  income  over  the 
lease period using the effective interest rate method.

 For a sale and leaseback transaction that results in a finance 
lease, any excess of sales proceeds over the carrying amount 
is deferred and recognised on the straight-line basis over the 
period of the lease. 

 Leases of assets to the group under which all the risks and 
benefits of ownership are effectively retained by the lessor, are 
classified  as  operating 
leases.  Payments  made  under 
operating leases are charged against income on the straight-
line basis over the period of the lease.

 Arrangements  that  contain  the  right  to  use  an  asset  are 
evaluated  for  recognition,  classification  as  a  finance  or 
operating lease, measured, and accounted for accordingly.

Biological assets
 Biological  assets  are  measured  on  initial  recognition  and  at 
each financial year-end at their fair value less estimated point-
of-sale costs and any change in value is included in the net 
profit or loss for the period in which it arises.

 Plantations  are  measured  at  their  fair  value  less  estimated 
point-of-sale  costs.  The  fair  value  of  the  plantations  is 

214 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

determined  by  an  independent  appraiser,  based  on  the 
Faustman  Formula  as  applied  within  the  forestry  industry. 
Livestock are measured at fair value less estimated point-of-
sale costs, fair value being determined by the age and size of 
the animals and the market price. Market price is determined 
on  the  basis  that  the  animal  is  sold  to  be  slaughtered. 
Livestock held for sale is classified as consumable biological 
assets  (inventories).  Game  is  measured  at  fair  value  less 
estimated point-of-sale costs, fair value being determined as 
the market price. Market price is determined with reference to 
the most recent live auction selling prices. Game held for sale 
is classified as consumable biological assets (inventories).

Intangible assets
 An intangible asset is recognised at cost if it is probable that 
future  economic  benefits  will  flow  to  the  enterprise  and  the 
cost can be reliably measured. Amortisation is charged on a 
systematic  basis  over  the  estimated  useful  lives  of  the 
intangible assets.

 Subsequent  expenditure  on  capitalised  intangible  assets  is 
capitalised only if it increases the future benefits embodied in 
the specific asset to which it relates.

 Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortised on the 
straight-line  basis  over  their  estimated  useful  lives.  The 
amortisation  methods  and  estimated  remaining  useful  lives 
are reviewed at least annually. The estimated maximum useful 
lives of intangible assets in respect of patents, licences and 
franchises are 25 years.

 The carrying amounts are reviewed at each financial year-end 
to determine whether there is any indication of impairment.

Research, development and exploration costs
 Research,  development  and  exploration  costs  are  charged 
against income until they result in projects that are evaluated 
as being technically or commercially feasible, the group has 
sufficient  resources  to  complete  development  and  can 
demonstrate  how  the  asset  will  generate  future  economic 
benefits,  in  which  event  these  costs  are  capitalised  and 
amortised on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful 
life of the project or asset. The carrying amounts are reviewed 
at each financial year-end to determine whether there is any 
indication of impairment.

Impairment of assets
 The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each financial 
year-end  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of 
impairment.  If  any  such  indication  exists,  the  recoverable 
amount is estimated as the higher of the net selling price and 
the value in use.

 In assessing value in use, the expected future cash flows are 
discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate 
that reflects current market assessments of the time value of 
money and the risks specific to the asset. An impairment loss 
is  recognised  whenever  the  carrying  amount  exceeds  the 
recoverable amount.

 For  an  asset  that  does  not  generate  cash  inflows  largely 
independent  of  those  from  other  assets,  the  recoverable 
amount  is  determined  for  the  cash-generating  unit  to  which 
the asset belongs. An impairment loss is recognised whenever 
the carrying amount of the cash-generating unit exceeds its 
recoverable amount.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Impairment of assets (continued)
 A  previously  recognised  impairment  loss  is  reversed  if  there 
has  been  a  change  in  the  estimates  used  to  determine  the 
recoverable amount, however not to an amount higher than 
the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of 
depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognised in prior 
years.  For  goodwill  a  recognised  impairment  loss  is  not 
reversed.

Financial instruments
Recognition
 A financial instrument is recognised when the group becomes 
a party to a contract which entitles it to receive contractually 
agreed  cash  flows  on  the  instrument.  All  acquisitions  of 
financial  assets  that  require  delivery  within  the  timeframe 
established  by  regulation  or  market  convention  (regular-way 
purchases) are recognised at trade date, which is the date on 
which the group commits to acquire the asset.

Derecognition
 The group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual 
rights  to  the  cash  flows  from  the  asset  expire,  or  when  it 
transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on 
the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the 
risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  of  the  financial  assets  are 
transferred. Any interest in financial assets transferred that is 
created or retained by the group is recognised as a separate 
asset or liability.

 The  group  may  enter  into  transactions  whereby  it  transfers 
assets  recognised  on  its  statement  of  financial  position,  but 
retains either all risks and rewards of the transferred assets or 
a portion of them. If all, or substantially all, risks and rewards 
are retained, then the transferred assets are not derecognised 
from the statement of financial position. 

 The rights and obligations retained in the transfer of financial 
instruments are recognised separately as assets and liabilities 
as  appropriate.  In  transfers  where  control  over  the  asset 
is  retained,  the  group  continues  to  recognise  the  asset  to 
the  extent  of  its  continuing  involvement,  determined  by  the 
extent  to  which  it  is  exposed  to  changes  in  the  value  of 
the transferred asset.

Non-derivative financial instruments
 Non-derivative financial instruments comprise investments in 
equity and debt instruments, trade and other payables, cash 
and  cash  equivalents,  loans  and  borrowings  and  trade  and 
other receivables.

 Non-derivative  financial  instruments  are  recognised  initially 
at  fair  value  plus,  in  the  case  where  financial  instruments 
are  not  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss,  any  directly 
initial 
attributable 
transaction  costs.  Subsequent 
recognition,  non-derivative 
are 
measured as described below.

instruments 

financial 

to 

 Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call 
deposits. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand form 
an integral part of the group’s cash management system and 
are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for 
purposes  of  the  cash  flow  statements.  Cash  and  cash 
equivalents are measured at amortised cost.

Financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss
 The  group  designates  financial  assets  and  liabilities  at  fair 
value through profit or loss when either:
•   the assets or liabilities are managed, evaluated and reported 

internally on a fair value basis;

•   the  designation  eliminates  or  significantly  reduces  an 

accounting mismatch which would otherwise arise; or

•   the assets or liabilities contain an embedded derivative that 
significantly modifies the cash flows that would otherwise 
be  required  under  the  contract  and  has  to  be  separately 
disclosed and fair-valued through profit or loss. 

 All  of  the  group’s  financial  instruments  designated  as  at  fair 
value through profit or loss were designated as such as it is 
the  designation  significantly  reduces  an 
believed 
accounting mismatch which would otherwise arise. 

that 

to 

initial 

 Subsequent 
instruments 
designated or classified as at fair value through profit or loss 
are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised 
in profit or loss.

recognition,  financial 

Available-for-sale financial assets
 The group has designated certain assets as available-for-sale 
financial  assets.  In  other  circumstances  available-for-sale 
financial assets are classified as such because they do not fall 
within  the  classification  of  loans  and  receivables,  held  to 
maturity investments or financial assets at fair value through 
profit  or  loss.  Gains  or  losses  on  available-for-sale  financial 
assets are recognised directly in equity, except for impairment 
losses  and  foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  on  monetary 
items.  When  the  financial  asset 
is  derecognised,  the 
cumulative  gain  or  loss  previously  recognised  in  equity  is 
recognised in profit or loss.

 Financial instruments not at fair value through profit or 
loss, and not available-for-sale
•   Receivables

 Long-term receivables and trade and other receivables are 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate 
method.  Effective  interest  rate  method  is  a  method  of 
calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset or liability 
(or  group  of  financial  assets  or  financial  liabilities)  and 
allocating the interest income or interest expense over the 
relevant period. Amortised cost is the amount at which the 
long-term  receivables  and  trade  and  other  receivables  is 
measured at initial recognition, minus principal repayments, 
plus  or  minus  the  cumulative  amortisation  using  the 
effective interest rate method of any difference between the 
initial amount recognised and the maturity amount, minus 
any reduction for impairment or uncollectability.

•   Loans and borrowings

 Loans  and  borrowings  are  measured  at  amortised  cost 
using the effective interest rate method.

•   Payables

 Trade and other payables are reported at amortised cost, 
namely  original  debt  less  principal  repayments  and  any 
amortisation using the effective interest rate method.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 215

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Financial instruments (continued)
 Financial instruments not at fair value through profit or 
loss, and not available-for-sale (continued)
•   Investment in equity instruments

 The fair value of investments is based on quoted bid prices 
for  listed  securities  or  valuations  derived  from  discounted 
cash flow models for unlisted securities. Equity instruments 
fair  values  cannot  be  measured  reliably 
for  which 
are  recognised  at  cost  less  impairment.  When  equity 
instruments  classified  as  available-for-sale  are  sold  or 
impaired,  the  accumulated  fair  value  adjustments  are 
included in profit or loss as gains and losses from investment 
securities.

•   Held to maturity investments

 Investments with a fixed maturity that management has the 
intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held to 
maturity.  These  investments  are  included  in  non-current 
assets,  except  for  maturities  within  12  months  from  the 
financial  year-end  date,  which  are  classified  as  current 
assets.  Held  to  maturity  investments  are  carried  at 
amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Derivative financial instruments
 The group holds derivative financial instruments to hedge its 
foreign  currency,  interest  rate  and  price  risk  exposures. 
Embedded derivatives are separated from the host contract 
and accounted for separately if the economic characteristics 
and risks of the host contract and the embedded derivative 
are not closely related, a separate instrument with the same 
terms as the embedded derivative would meet the definition 
of a derivative, and the combined instrument is not measured 
at fair value through profit or loss.

 Derivative  instruments  are  recognised  initially  at  fair  value, 
attributable transaction costs are recognised in profit or loss 
when  incurred.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  derivative 
instruments  are  measured  at  fair  value,  and  changes  in  fair 
value are accounted for as described below.

Fair value hedges
 When a derivative is designated as a hedge of the change in 
fair value of a recognised asset or liability or a firm commitment, 
changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  derivative  are  recognised 
immediately  in  profit  or  loss  together  with  changes  in  the 
fair  value  of  the  hedged  item  that  are  attributable  to  the 
hedged risk.

 If the derivative expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or 
no longer meets the criteria for fair value hedge accounting, or 
the designation is revoked, hedge accounting is discontinued. 
Any adjustment up to that point, to a hedged item for which 
the effective interest rate method is used, is amortised to profit 
or loss as part of the recalculated effective interest rate of the 
item over its remaining life. 

Cash flow hedges
 When a derivative is designated as a hedge of the variability in 
cash flows attributable to a particular risk associated with a 
recognised  asset  or  liability  or  a  highly  probable  forecast 
transaction that could affect profit or loss, the effective portion 
of  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  derivative  is  recognised 
directly in equity. The amount recognised in equity is removed 
and included in profit or loss in the same period as the hedged 
item’s cash flows affect profit or loss under the same income 

216 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

statement line item as the hedged item. Any ineffective portion 
of  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  derivative  is  recognised 
immediately in profit or loss.

 If the derivative expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or 
no longer meets the criteria for cash flow hedge accounting, 
or  the  designation  is  revoked,  then  hedge  accounting  is 
discontinued and the amount recognised in equity remains in 
equity until the forecast transaction affects profit or loss. If the 
forecast  transaction  is  no  longer  expected  to  occur,  then 
hedge accounting is discontinued and the balance in equity is 
recognised immediately in profit or loss.

Economic hedges
 Hedge accounting is not applied to derivative instruments that 
economically  hedge  monetary  assets  and 
liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies. Changes in the fair value 
of such derivatives are recognised in profit or loss as part of 
foreign currency gains and losses.

Net investments in foreign operation hedges
 When  a  derivative,  or  a  non-derivative  financial  liability,  is 
designated  as  a  hedge  of  a  net  investment  in  a  foreign 
operation instrument, the effective portion of changes in the 
fair value of the hedging instrument is recognised directly in 
equity,  in  the  foreign  currency  translation  reserve.  Any 
ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative 
instrument  is  recognised  immediately  in  profit  or  loss.  The 
amount recognised in equity is removed and included in profit 
or loss on disposal of the foreign operation.

Separable embedded derivatives
 Changes in the fair value of separable embedded derivatives 
are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

Impairment of financial assets
 A  financial  asset  is  assessed  at  each  reporting  date  to 
determine  whether  there  is  any  objective  evidence  that  it  is 
impaired.  A  financial  asset  is  considered  to  be  impaired  if 
objective  evidence  indicates  that  one  or  more  events  have 
had  a  negative  effect  on  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  of 
that asset. An impairment allowance is raised when there is an 
indication of impairment and a write-off is only effected when 
the debtor is deemed to be fully impaired and not recoverable.

 An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at 
amortised  cost  is  calculated  as  the  difference  between  its 
carrying  amount,  and  the  present  value  of  the  estimated 
future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest 
rate.  An  impairment  loss  in  respect  of  an  available-for-sale 
financial asset is calculated by reference to its fair value.

 Individually  significant  financial  assets  are 
for 
impairment  on  an  individual  basis.  The  remaining  financial 
assets  are  assessed  collectively  in  groups  that  share  similar 
credit risk characteristics.

tested 

All impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. 

 An impairment loss is reversed if the reversal can be related 
objectively  to  an  event  occurring  after  the  impairment  loss 
was recognised. For financial assets measured at amortised 
cost  and  available-for-sale  financial  assets  that  are  debt 
securities,  the  reversal  is  recognised  in  profit  or  loss.  For 
available-for-sale financial assets that are equity securities, the 
reversal is recognised directly in equity.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Financial instruments (continued)
Offset
 Financial assets and liabilities are set off and the net amount 
presented  in  the  statement  of  financial  position  when,  and 
only when, the group has a legal right to set off the amounts 
and  intends  either  to  settle  on  a  net  basis  or  to  realise  the 
asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Determining fair values
 The determination of fair values of financial assets and financial 
liabilities  is  based  on  quoted  market  prices  or  dealer  price 
quotations for financial instruments traded in active markets. 
For all other financial instruments, fair value is determined by 
using  generally  accepted  valuation  techniques.  Valuation 
techniques 
the 
discounted  cash  flow  method,  comparison 
to  similar 
instruments  for  which  market  observable  prices  exist,  and 
valuation models. The group uses widely recognised valuation 
models  for  determining  the  fair  value  of  common  and  more 
simple  financial  instruments  like  interest  rate  and  currency 
swaps. For these financial instruments, inputs into models are 
available on the market. 

include  net  present  value 

techniques, 

 The  fair  value  of  long  and  medium-term  borrowings  is 
calculated using quoted market prices, or where such prices 
are  not  available,  discounted  cash  flow  analysis  using  the 
applicable  yield  curve  for  the  duration  of  the  borrowing  are 
used. The fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities 
with  standard  terms  and  conditions  and  traded  on  active 
liquid markets, is determined with reference to quoted market 
prices.  The  fair  value  of  other  financial  assets  and  financial 
liabilities  (excluding  derivative  instruments)  is  determined  in 
accordance with generally accepted pricing models based on 
discounted  cash  flow  analysis  using  prices  from  widely 
available  current  market  transactions.  The  fair  value  of 
derivative  instruments  is  calculated  using  quoted  prices. 
Where such prices are not available, use is made of discounted 
cash flow analyses for the duration of the instruments for non-
optional  derivatives,  and  option  pricing  models  for  optional 
derivatives.

Financial guarantee contracts
 Financial guarantees are contracts that require the group to 
make specified payments to reimburse the holder for a loss it 
incurs  because  a  specified  debtor  fails  to  make  payment 
when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument. 
Financial guarantee liabilities are initially recognised at their fair 
value, and the initial fair value is amortised over the life of the 
financial  guarantee.  The  guarantee  liability  is  subsequently 
carried at the higher of this amortised amount and the present 
value  of  any  expected  payment  if  a  payment  under  the 
guarantee  has  become  probable.  Financial  guarantees  are 
included within other liabilities.

Net finance costs
 Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested 
including  available-for-sale  financial  assets  and  hedging 
instruments  that  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss.  Interest 
income is recognised as it accrues in profit or loss, using the 
effective interest rate method. 

 Finance expenses comprise interest expense on borrowings 
and  agreements  for  the  use  of  assets  classified  as  finance 
leases 
IFRIC  4  Determining  whether  an 
Arrangement contains a Lease, unwinding of the discount on 
provisions, and dividends on preference shares classified as 

terms  of 

in 

liabilities. All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss 
using the effective interest rate method.

 Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis.

Fees and commission
 Fees and commission income and expenses that are integral 
to  the  effective  interest  rate  on  a  financial  asset  or  financial 
liability  are  included  in  the  measurement  of  the  effective 
interest rate.

 Other  fees  and  commission  expenses  relate  mainly  to 
transaction and service fees and are expensed as the services 
are received.

Inventories
 Inventories are valued at the lower of cost, determined on the 
moving  average  basis,  and  net  realisable  value.  The  cost  of 
finished  goods  and  work-in-progress  comprises 
raw 
materials, direct labour, other direct costs and fixed production 
overheads,  but  excludes  interest  charges.  Fixed  production 
overheads  are  allocated  on  the  basis  of  normal  capacity. 
Write-downs  to  net  realisable  value  and  inventory  losses 
are  expensed  in  the  period  in  which  the  write-downs  or 
losses occur.

Foreign currencies
Transactions and balances
 Transactions  denominated 
foreign  currencies  are 
translated  at  the  rate  of  exchange  ruling  at  the  transaction 
date.  Monetary  items  denominated  in  foreign  currencies 
are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at the reporting 
date.  Gains  or  losses  arising  on  translation  are  credited  to 
or charged against income.

in 

Foreign entities
 The financial statements of foreign entities are translated into 
South African rand as follows:
•   assets  and  liabilities  at  rates  of  exchange  ruling  at  the 

reporting date;

•   income,  expenditure  and  cash  flow  items  at  weighted 

average rates;

•   goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on acquisition at 

rates of exchange ruling at the reporting date.

 All  resulting  exchange  differences  are  reflected  as  part  of 
shareholders’ equity. On disposal, such translation differences 
are  recognised  in  the  income  statement  as  part  of  the 
cumulative gain or loss on disposal.

Foreign currency hedges
 Foreign  currency  hedges  are  dealt  with  in  the  financial 
instruments accounting policy.

Exchange rates used
 The average US dollar to South African rand conversion rate, 
where  applicable,  of  US$1:R7,30  (2009:  US$1:R8,35)  has 
been  used  to  translate  the  income  and  statements  of  cash 
flows  while  the  statement  of  financial  position  has  been 
translated at the closing rate at the last day of the reporting 
period US$1:R6,63 (2009: US$1:R7,40).

Revenue recognition
 Revenue,  which  excludes  value  added  tax,  represents  the 
gross value of goods invoiced. Export revenues are recorded 
according  to  the  relevant  sales  terms,  when  the  risks  and 
rewards of ownership are transferred.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 217

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Revenue recognition (continued)
 Exchange rates used (continued)
 Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when significant 
risks and rewards of ownership of the goods are transferred to 
the buyer.

 Revenue arising from services and royalties is recognised on 
the  accrual  basis  in  accordance  with  the  substance  of  the 
relevant agreements.

Interest and dividend income
 Interest  is  recognised  on  the  time  proportion  basis,  taking 
account  of  the  principal  outstanding  and  the  effective  rate 
over the period to maturity, when it is determined that such 
income will accrue to the group.

 Dividends are recognised when the right to receive payment is 
established.

Income tax expense
 Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently 
payable and deferred tax.

 The  tax  currently  payable  is  based  on  taxable  profit  for  the 
year. Taxable profit differs from profit as reported in the income 
statement  because  it  excludes  items  of  income  or  expense 
that are taxable or deductible in other years in determination 
of taxable profit (temporary differences), and it further excludes 
items  that  are  never  taxable  or  deductible  (non-temporary 
differences). The group’s liability for tax is calculated using tax 
rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the 
reporting date.

Deferred tax
 Deferred  tax  is  provided  using  the  balance  sheet  liability 
method  on  all  temporary  differences  between  the  carrying 
amounts  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts 
used for tax purposes.

 A  deferred  tax  asset  is  recognised  to  the  extent  that  it  is 
probable  that  future  taxable  profits  will  be  available  against 
which  the  associated  unused  tax  losses  and  deductible 
temporary differences can be utilised. The carrying amount of 
deferred  tax  assets  is  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  and 
reduced  to  the  extent  that  it  is  no  longer  probable  that 
sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of 
the asset to be recovered.

 Deferred  tax  is  calculated  using  tax  rates  that  have  been 
enacted  at  the  reporting  date.  The  effect  on  deferred  tax  of 
any  changes  in  taxation  rates  is  charged  or  credited  to  the 
income statement, except to the extent that it relates to items 
previously charged or credited directly to equity.

 Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  when  there  is  a 
legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against 
current  tax  liabilities  and  when  they  relate  to  income  taxes 
levied by the same taxation authority and the group intends 
and has the ability to settle its current tax assets and liabilities 
on a net basis.

Provisions
 Provisions are recognised when the group has a present legal 
or constructive obligation as a result of past events, for which 
it  is  probable  that  an  outflow  of  economic  benefits  will  be 
required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be 
made  of  the  amount  of  the  obligation.  Where  the  effect  of 

218 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

discounting  to  present  value  is  material,  provisions  are 
adjusted  to  reflect  the  time  value  of  money,  and  where 
appropriate, the risk specific to the liability.

is  made 

Decommissioning and environmental rehabilitation
 Provision 
for  environmental  rehabilitation  and 
decommissioning  costs  where  either  a  legal  or  constructive 
obligation is recognised as a result of past events. Estimates 
are based upon costs that are regularly reviewed and adjusted 
as appropriate for new circumstances.

 Where a provision is made for dismantling and site restoration 
costs, an asset of similar initial value is raised and amortised 
in accordance with the group’s accounting policy for property, 
plant and equipment.

 Annual contributions are made to the group’s Environmental 
Rehabilitation  Fund,  created  in  accordance  with  statutory 
requirements, to provide for the funding of the estimated cost 
of pollution control and rehabilitation during, and at the end of 
the  life  of  mines.  The  Exxaro  Environmental  Rehabilitation 
Fund is consolidated.

 Expenditure  on  plant  and  equipment  for  pollution  control  is 
capitalised and depreciated over the useful lives of the assets 
whilst the cost of ongoing current programmes to prevent and 
control pollution and to rehabilitate the environment is charged 
against profit or loss as incurred.

Employee benefits
Post-employment benefits
Retirement
 The group provides defined contribution retirement funds for 
the  benefit  of  employees,  the  assets  of  which  are  held  in 
separate funds. These funds are funded by contributions from 
the 
employees  and 
recommendations  of  independent  actuaries.  The  group’s 
contribution to the defined contribution fund is charged to the 
income statement in the year to which it relates.

taking  account  of 

the  group, 

 The group does not provide guarantees in respect of returns 
in the defined contribution funds.

 Provision for severance benefits is made in accordance with 
Namibian law for the Namibian operations. As the severance 
benefits  are  only  payable  on  retirement  or  the  involuntary 
termination  of  service  from  the  side  of  the  employer,  this  is 
accounted  for  as  a  post-retirement  service.  The  plan  is  a 
defined benefit obligation. The cost of providing these benefits 
is determined based on the projected unit credit method and 
actuarial valuations are performed at every reporting date. The 
defined  benefit  obligation  presented  in  the  statement  of 
financial position represents the sum of the present value of 
the obligation less the fair value of plan assets plus/minus any 
balance of unrecognised actuarial gains or losses, minus any 
balance of unrecognised past service costs.

 Unrecognised actuarial gains or losses are recognised in profit 
or  loss  based  on  the  corridor  method.  In  other  words,  an 
excess of the balance of unrecognised gains or losses over 
10% of the greater of the present value of the obligation or fair 
value of the plan assets is recognised in profit or loss over the 
expected remaining working lives of participating employees.

 Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that 
the  benefits  are  vested  and  recognised  over  the  remaining 
period until vesting for benefits that are unvested.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Employee benefits (continued)
 Post-employment benefits (continued)
Medical
 A  post-retirement  medical  contribution  obligation  exists  for 
certain in-service and retired employees who are members of 
accredited medical aid funds. This benefit is no longer offered 
to employees. The actuarially determined liability is raised as a 
non-current provision.

Short- and long-term benefits
 The cost of all short-term employee benefits, such as salaries, 
bonuses,  housing 
and  other 
contributions, are recognised during the period in which the 
employee renders the related service.

allowances,  medical 

 The  vesting  portion  of  long-term  benefits  is  recognised  and 
provided for at financial year-end, based on current total cost 
to company.

Termination benefits
 Termination  benefits  are  payable  whenever  an  employee’s 
employment is terminated before the normal retirement date 
or  whenever  an  employee  accepts  voluntary  redundancy  in 
exchange for these benefits.

to  either 

its  commitment 

 The  group  recognises  termination  benefits  when  it  has 
demonstrated 
the 
employment  of  current  employees  according  to  a  detailed 
formal  plan  without  possibility  of  withdrawal  or  to  provide 
termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage 
voluntary  redundancy.  If  the  benefits  fall  due  more  than 
12  months  after  the  reporting  date,  they  are  discounted  to 
present value.

terminate 

Equity compensation benefits
 Senior  management,  including  executive  directors,  and 
eligible employees participated in the share appreciation right 
scheme  (SARs),  long-term  incentive  plan  (LTIP),  deferred 
bonus  plan  (DBP),  share  option  scheme  and  the  employee 
empowerment participation scheme (MPower).

 SARs, LTIP, DBP, share options and MPower are treated as 
equity-settled  share-based  payment  schemes  with  the  fair 
value being expensed over the vesting period of the instrument 
with a corresponding increase in equity. The fair value of these 
schemes  are  determined  at  grant  date  and  subsequently 
reviewed  at  each  reporting  period  only  for  changes  in  non-
market performance conditions and employee attrition rates 
applicable to each scheme.

 Only  share  options  issued  to  certain  executives  and  senior 
managers  (phantom  options)  are  treated  as  cash-settled 
share-based  payments.  A  liability  equal  to  the  portion  of 
goods and services received is recognised at the current fair 
value determined at each financial year-end.

Dividend
 Dividends  paid  are  recognised  by  the  company  when  the 
shareholder’s right to receive payment is established. These 
dividends are recorded and disclosed as dividends paid in the 
statement  of  changes  in  equity.  Dividends  proposed  or 
declared  subsequent  to  the  year-end  are  not  recognised  at 
the  financial  year-end,  but  are  disclosed  in  the  notes  to  the 
financial statements.

Secondary tax on companies
 Tax costs incurred on dividends are included in the taxation 
line in the income statement in the year in which the related 
dividends are declared.

 Discontinued operations and non-current assets held 
for sale
 Discontinued  operations  are  significant,  distinguishable 
components of an enterprise that have been sold, abandoned 
or are the subject of formal plans for disposal or discontinuance. 

 The profit or loss on the sale or abandonment of a discontinued 
operation  is  determined  from  the  formalised  discontinuance 
date.

 If the carrying amount of a non-current asset and liability or 
disposal  group  will  be  recovered  principally  through  a  sale 
transaction rather than through continuing use, such an asset 
and  liability  is  classified  as  non-current  assets  and  liabilities 
held for sale and measured at the lower of carrying amount 
and fair value less cost to sell. This condition is regarded as 
met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset and 
liability (or disposal group) are available for immediate sale in 
its present condition. Management must be committed to the 
sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a 
completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

Segment reporting
 Exxaro is a mining group of companies focusing on extracting 
and processing a range of minerals and metals including coal, 
mineral sands, base metals, and selected industrial minerals. 
Exxaro also holds a 20% interest in Sishen Iron Ore Company 
(Pty) Limited which extracts and processes iron ore.

 Segments  are  based  on  the  group’s  different  products  and 
operations as well as the physical location of these operations 
and  associated  products.  The  group’s  reportable  segments 
are  tied  coal  operations,  commercial  coal  operations,  KZN 
Sands,  Namakwa  Sands,  Australia  Sands,  Rosh  Pinah, 
Zincor,  other  base  metals  and  other.  The  basis  of  segment 
reporting  is  representative  of  the  internal  structure  used  for 
management reporting.

Cash and cash equivalents
 For  the  purpose  of  the  statement  of  cash  flows,  cash  and 
cash  equivalents  comprise  cash  on  hand,  deposits  held  on 
call,  and  investments  in  money  market  instruments,  net  of 
bank overdrafts, all of which are available for use by the group 
unless otherwise stated. The carrying amount of these assets 
approximates their fair value.

following 

Judgements made by management
 The 
involving 
judgements,  apart 
estimates  (as  mentioned  below)  have  been  made  by 
management 
the  group’s 
accounting  policies  that  have  the  most  significant  effect  on 
the amounts recognised in the financial statements:
•   The identification of special purpose entities controlled by 

the  process  of  applying 

those 

from 

in 

the group which must be consolidated (refer note 28).

•   In  applying  IFRS  5  Non-current  Assets  Held  for  Sale  and 
Discontinued  Operations,  management  has  made 
to  which  non-current  assets  and 
judgements  as 
discontinued  operations  fall  within  the  scope  of  the 
standard and had to be reclassified and measured in terms 
of IFRS 5;

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 219

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Judgements made by management (continued)
•   In  applying  IFRS  2  Share-based  Payment,  management 
has  made  certain  judgements  in  respect  of  the  fair  value 
option pricing models to be used in determining the various 
share-based  arrangements  in  respect  of  employees,  as 
well  as  the  variable  elements  used  in  these  models  (refer 
note 30).

•   In applying IFRIC 4 Determining whether an Arrangement 
contains  a  Lease,  and  IAS  17  Leases,  contractual 
agreements  were  assessed  to  determine  whether  they 
convey the right to use an asset and their classification as 
either an operating or finance lease.

•   In applying IFRS 8 Operating Segments, the identification of 

reportable operating segments of the group.

•   In applying IAS 19 Employee Benefits, the identification as 
to  the  nature  of  benefits  provided  by  each  scheme  and 
thereby determine the classification of each scheme.

 Key assumptions made by management in applying 
accounting policies
 The  following  key  assumptions  concerning  the  future,  and 
other  key  sources  of  estimation  uncertainty  at  the  financial 
year-end,  may  have  a  significant  risk  of  causing  a  material 
adjustment  to  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities 
within the next financial year if the assumption or estimation 
changes significantly:

Going concern
 Management  considers  key  financial  metrics  and  loan 
covenant compliance in its approved medium-term budgets, 
together  with  its  existing  term  facilities,  to  conclude  that 
the  going-concern  assumption  used  in  compiling  its  annual 
financial statements, is relevant.

Share-based payments
 For share-based payments, estimates are made in determining 
the fair value of equity instruments granted. The assumptions 
are  used  in  the  Black-Scholes  methodology  and  the  Monte 
Carlo  valuation  methodology  and 
include  assumptions 
regarding  future  dividend  yield,  risk-free  rate,  expected 
employee attrition rate, expected share volatility and expected 
option life. Refer note 30.

Environmental and decommissioning provision
 Provision  is  made  for  environmental  and  decommissioning 
costs  where  either  a  legal  or  constructive  obligation  is 
recognised as a result of past events. Estimates are made in 
determining  the  present  obligation  of  environmental  and 
decommissioning  provisions,  which 
the  actual 
estimate,  the  discount  rate  used  and  the  expected  date  of 
closure of mining activities in determining the present value of 
environmental  and  decommissioning  provisions.  Estimates 
are based upon costs that are regularly reviewed, by internal 
and  external  experts,  and  adjusted  as  appropriate  for  new 
circumstances. Refer note 22.

include 

Post-retirement obligations
 For  defined  benefit  schemes,  management  is  required  to 
make annual estimates and assumptions about future returns 
on classes of schemes’ assets, future remuneration changes, 
employee  attrition  rates,  administration  costs,  changes  in 
benefits, inflation rates, exchange rates, life expectancy and 
expected  remaining  periods  of  service  of  employees.  In 
making  these  estimates  and  assumptions,  management 
considers  advice  provided  by  external  advisers,  such  as 
actuaries. Refer note 22.

220 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Other provisions
 For  other  provisions,  estimates  of  legal  or  constructive 
obligations are made resulting in the raising of provisions, and 
the expected date of probable outflow of economic benefits 
to assess whether the provision should be discounted. Refer 
note 22.

Impairments and impairment reversals
 Impairment  tests  are  performed  when  there  is  an  indication 
of impairment of assets or a reversal of previous impairments 
of  assets.  Management  therefore  has  implemented  certain 
impairment  indicators  and  these  include  movements  in 
exchange  rates,  commodity  prices  and  the  economic 
environment its businesses operate in.

 Estimates are made in determining the recoverable amount of 
assets  which  include  the  estimation  of  cash  flows  and 
discount rates used. In estimating the cash flows, management 
base  cash  flow  projections  on  reasonable  and  supportable 
assumptions  that  represent  managements’  best  estimate  of 
the  range  of  economic  conditions  that  will  exist  over  the 
remaining useful life of the assets, based on publicly available 
information.  The  discount  rates  used  are  pre-tax  rates  that 
reflect  the  current  market  assessment  of  the  time  value  of 
money and the risks specific to the assets for which the future 
cash flow estimates have not been adjusted. 

Contingent liabilities
 Management considers the existence of possible obligations 
which may arise from legal action as well as the possible non-
compliance  of  the  requirements  of  completion  guarantees 
and other guarantees provided. The estimation of the amount 
disclosed  is  based  on  the  expected  possible  outflow  of 
economic benefits should there be a present obligation. Refer 
note 31.

Deferred tax assets
 Deferred tax assets are recognised based on the probability 
that sufficient future taxable income will be available to reduce 
the  asset  carried.  This  requires  management  to  make 
assumptions  on  a  subsidiary  by  subsidiary  level  of  future 
taxable  income  in  determining  the  deferred  tax  asset  to  be 
raised. Refer note 23.

Useful life and residual values
 The depreciable amount of assets is allocated on a systematic 
basis  over  their  useful  lives.  In  determining  the  depreciable 
amount management makes certain assumptions in respect 
of  the  residual  value  of  assets  based  on  the  expected 
estimated amount that the entity would currently obtain from 
disposal  of  the  asset,  after  deducting  the  estimated  cost  of 
disposal. If an asset is expected to be abandoned the residual 
value is estimated at zero.

 In determining the useful life of assets, management considers 
the  expected  usage  of  assets,  expected  physical  wear  and 
tear, legal or similar limits of assets such as mineral rights as 
well as obsolescence.

Mineral resources
 Management makes estimates of mineral resources and ore 
reserves  in  accordance  with  the  SAMREC  Code  (2000)  for 
South  African  properties  and  the  JORC  Code  (2004)  for 
Australian  properties.  Such  estimates  relate  to  the  category 
for  the  resource  (measured,  indicated  or  inferred),  the 
quantum and the grade.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. REVENUE

Sale of goods

Services

3.  OPERATING EXPENSES

Cost by type

GROUP

COMPANY

Notes

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 17 127 

 15 009 

 28 

 17 155 

 15 009 

 1 048 

 1 048 

 1 009 

 1 009 

Raw materials and consumables

 3 470 

3 538 

 30 

Staff costs

–  salaries and wages

–  share-based payments

–  termination benefits

–  pension and medical costs

General charges 

Royalties

Railage and transport

Repairs and maintenance

Impairment charges of non-current assets

Impairment charges and write-offs of trade and 
other receivables

Energy

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Amortisation of intangible assets

4

11

13

Movement in inventories

Own work capitalised

Sublease rentals received

Cost by function

 3 702 

3 253 

 145 

 6 

 282 

 2 277 

 114 

 1 109 

 1 808 

 4 

 45 

 946 

 1 367 

 13 

 (631)

 (125)

 (13)

91 

4 

245 

2 751 

 86 

1 008 

1 585 

1 435 

 217 

761 

1 123 

13 

 (1 295)

 (97)

 (13)

 566 

 67 

 36 

 479 

 2 

 4 

 48 

 10 

 7 

 41 

 9 

 (4)

35

508

37

34

 389 

1

5

 3 273 

6

25

9

(1)

(1)

 14 519 

14 705 

 1 295 

4 320 

Costs of goods sold/services rendered

 13 539 

 12 199 

 1 237 

 1 048 

Selling and distribution costs

Sublease rentals received

Impairment charges of non-current assets

4

Impairment charges, write-offs of trade and 
other receivables

 944 

 (13)

4 

 867 

 (13)

 1 435 

 45 

 217 

48

10 

 14 519 

 14 705 

 1 295 

(1)

 3 273 

 4 320 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 221

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

GROUP

COMPANY

Notes

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

3.  OPERATING EXPENSES (continued)

The above costs are stated after including:
Auditors’ remuneration

–  audit fees

–  other services

Consultancy fees

Contingent rentals paid

Contingent rentals received

Currency exchange differences

–   net realised losses on currency exchange differences

–   net unrealised losses on currency exchange differences

Depreciation and amortisation

–  buildings

–  mineral properties

–  residential buildings

–  buildings and infrastructure

–  machinery, plant and equipment

–  leased assets under finance lease

–   site preparation, mining development, exploration and 

rehabilitation

–   amortisation of intangible assets

Directors’ emoluments (refer to the Directors’ 
remuneration report, page 192)

–   executive directors

  –   remuneration received by directors of the company

  –   bonuses and cash incentives

–  non-executive directors

  –   remuneration received by directors of the company

 16 

 1 

 224 

 13 

 (58)

 125 

 30 

 16 

 185 

 6 

 151 

 916 

 44 

 49 

 13 

 16 

 1 

 166 

 12 

 (37)

 576 

 45 

 1 

 180 

 6 

 125 

 767 

 9 

 35 

 13 

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

13

Exploration expenditure 

 60 

 115 

Fair value (gains)/losses on financial assets at fair value 
through profit or loss:

–   designated upon initial recognition

–   held for trading

–   ineffectiveness arising from cash flow hedges (gains)/

losses

 (13)

 (483)

 (19)

 (465)

 (5)

 60 

 5 

 148 

 4 

 2 

 5 

 1 

 78 

 8 

 8 

 41 

 25 

 9 

 9 

 19 

 5 

 3 

 11 

 4 

 3 

(1)

222 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

GROUP

COMPANY

Notes

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

3.  OPERATING EXPENSES (continued)

Fair value losses/(gains) on financial liabilities at fair value 
through profit or loss:

–   designated upon initial recognition

–   held for trading

Net fee costs on financial liabilities not at fair value 
through profit or loss

Impairment charges of non-current assets

Inventories write down to net realisable value

Provisions expenses

Net (profit)/loss on disposal or scrapping of property, 
plant and equipment

4

22

Reconditionable spares usage

Operating lease rentals expenses

–   property

–   equipment

Operating sublease rentals received

–   property

Research and development costs

Impairment charges, write-offs of trade and other 
receivables1

 36 

 5 

 4 

 50 

 47 

 (32)

 6 

 14 

 118 

 (13)

 3 

 45 

 (7)

 26 

 5 

 1 435 

 2 

 23 

 84 

 4 

 15 

 71 

 (13)

 7 

 217 

 5 

 48 

(1)

 6 

 10 

 3 

5

 4 

 7 

 14 

(1)

 3 

 10 

 3 273 

1   Consequent to the impairment of the KZN Sands businesses in 2009, intergroup loans receivable by the company (included in trade and other receivables) 

were impaired to an amount of R3 273 million.

Note: 
Pensions
Retirement amounts paid or receivable by executive directors are paid or received under defined contribution retirement funds.

Operating lease arrangements – contingent rent received
The  group  has  entered  into  various  operating  lease  arrangements,  of  which  some  will  include  contingent  rent  received.  The  major 
arrangements’ basis to determine contingent rent received is the useful life of property, plant and equipment.

Operating lease arrangements – contingent rent paid
The basis to determine contingent rent paid is the difference between fixed escalations as specified in the contracts and producer price 
index (PPI) escalations.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 223

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

4.

IMPAIRMENT CHARGES NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Included in operating expenses are the following impairment losses:

Impairment of property, plant and equipment1

Impairment of investments2

Impairment of property, plant and equipment held for sale3

Total impairment charges

Tax effect

Net effect on attributable earnings

 1 435 

 1 435 

 1 435 

4 

 4 

(1)

3 

 48 

 48 

 48 

1   The impairment of the investment in the KZN Sands operation resulted in the R1 435 million impairment on property, plant and equipment in 2009. The two 
Sands businesses in KZN are viewed as a single economic unit as the operations are interdependent and neither can operate economically without the 
other. The recoverable amount of the assets have been determined by the calculation of its value in use for which a discount of 8,4% was used compared 
to 8,3% used for the similar calculation performed on 30 June 2009. As at 31 December 2010, a similar evaluation of the value in use has been performed. 
The results thereof indicated that neither a further impairment nor a reversal of the previous impairment is required.

2   Relates to the impairment of the Botswana investment held by the company. Due to the risk profile and early stage of the exploration phase of the project, 

the entire investment has been impaired until such time as the economically exploitable profile of the gas reserves is better understood.

3   The anticipated sale of the Glen Douglas mine as a disposal group, requires an impairment to the fair value less costs to sell in terms of IFRS 5 Non-current 

Assets Held for Sale.

GROUP

COMPANY

5. NET FINANCING COSTS

Interest expense and loan costs 

Finance leases – interest

Interest income

Net interest expense

Interest adjustment on non-current provisions (refer note 22)

Borrowing costs capitalised during the year amounted to  
R46 million (2009: R6 million).

Included in interest expense is the following:

Interest expense on financial liabilities measured at amortised cost

Interest expense on bank overdrafts

Interest expense on financial liabilities designated at fair value 
through profit or loss

Interest expense or non-financial liabilities

Included in interest income is the following:

Interest income on unimpaired loans and receivables

Interest income on unimpaired available-for-sale financial assets

Interest income on cash and cash equivalents

Interest income on financial liabilities designated at fair value 
through profit or loss

Interest income on financial assets designated at fair value through 
profit or loss

2010
Rm

 321 

 70 

 (135)

 256 

 199 

 455 

 313 

 2 

6

 (26)

 (89)

 (2)

 (18)

2009
Rm

 460 

 66 

 (145)

 381 

 34 

 415 

 450 

 9 

 1 

 (38)

 (13)

 (75)

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 294 

 388 

 (64)

 230 

 1 

 231 

 293 

 1 

 (51)

 337 

 2 

 339 

386

2

 (63)

 (50)

 (19)

 (1)

(1)

224 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
6.

INCOME FROM INVESTMENTS

Subsidiaries

Unlisted shares

–  dividends

–  net interest received

Associates

–  dividends

Other

Listed shares

–  dividends

Total

7.

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

Charge to income

South African normal tax

–  Current  – current year

– prior year

–  Deferred  – current year

– prior year

Foreign normal tax

–  Current  – current year

– prior year

–  Deferred  – current year

– prior year

Total

Reconciliation of tax rates

Tax as a percentage of profit before tax

Tax effect of:

–   assessed losses not provided for

–  capital losses

–  disallowable expenditure

–  exempt income

–  special tax allowances

–  share of associates and joint ventures

–  tax rate differences

–  imputed income

–  prior year tax

–  derecognition of deferred tax asset

–  write down of subsidiaries’ loans

Standard tax rate

Effective tax rate for operations, excluding income  
from equity accounted investments, impairment charge 
and share of tax thereon

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 1 016 

 378 

 1 394 

 4 616 

 371 

4 987 

 1 811 

1 744 

 2 

 2 

 2 

 2 

 3 205 

 6 731 

 405 

 29 

 434 

 139 

 91 

 230 

 56 

 (12)

 44 

 (46)

 3 

 (43)

 665 

%

11,3 

 (0,2)

 (0,3)

 (0,2)

 0,7 

 1,3 

 17,6 

 0,1 

 (0,2)

 (1,9)

 (0,2)

 462 

 (51)

 411 

 343 

 1 

 344 

 36 

 14 

 50 

 (46)

 7 

 (39)

 766 

%

 42,8 

 (1,5)

 (1,3)

 (1,3)

 2,2 

 2,1 

 29,6 

0,5

 (0,8)

 1,7 

 (46,0)

28,0 

28,0 

30,5

57,8

13

13

 23 

 23 

 36 

%

1,3 

 (24)

 (24)

 4 

22

 26 

 2 

%

0,1

(1,3)

29,0 

 (0,2)

57,8 

(0,5)

(0,5)

28,0 

(29,7)

28,0 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 225

 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

8. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic headline earnings per share is calculated by dividing the headline earnings by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

Headline earnings (R million) (refer note 10)

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue (million)

Headline earnings per share (cents) 

For the diluted headline earnings per share the weighted average number of ordinary shares is 
adjusted to assume conversion of not yet released purchased shares and options under the 
employees’ share schemes, net of shares held by the schemes for releasing purposes. Diluted 
headline earnings per share is calculated by dividing headline earnings by the adjusted weighted 
average number of shares in issue.

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue (million) as calculated above

Adjusted for options and net purchased shares in terms of the employees’ share schemes (million)

Weighted average number for diluted headline earnings per share (million)

Diluted headline earnings per share (cents) 

Basic attributable earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit attributable to 
shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

Profit for the year attributable to equity holders of the parent (R million)

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue (million)

Basic earnings per share (cents)

For the diluted attributable earnings per share the weighted average number of ordinary shares is 
adjusted as above.

Diluted earnings per share (cents) 

For the 2010 and 2009 financial years, shares under option had an effect on the adjusted weighted 
average number of shares in issue as the average option price attached to the option shares was 
lower than the average market price.

GROUP

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 5 186 

 347 

 1 495 

 2 514 

 345 

 729 

 347 

 14 

 361 

 1 437 

 5 208 

 347 

 1 501 

361

 1 443 

 345 

 13 

 358 

 702 

 1 023 

 345 

 297 

358

 286 

226 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

9. DIVIDEND

Dividends paid during the year:

Cash dividends

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 1 056 

 1 050 

 1 073 

 1 066 

STC on these dividends amounts to nil (2009: nil) after taking into account STC credits.

10. RECONCILIATION OF GROUP HEADLINE EARNINGS

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent

Adjusted for: 

–   impairment of property, plant and equipment

–   losses on disposal of property, plant and equipment

–   share of associates’ gains or losses on disposal of property, 

plant and equipment

Headline earnings

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent

Adjusted for: 

–   impairment of property, plant and equipment

–   gains or losses on disposal of property, plant and equipment

–   share of associates’ gains or losses on disposal of property, 

plant and equipment

Headline earnings

For the year ended 31 December 2010

Gross
Rm

Tax
Rm

Non-
controlling 
interest
Rm

 4 

 (26)

 1 

(21)

 (1)

(1)

For the year ended 31 December 2009

Gross
Rm

Tax
Rm

Non-
controlling 
interest
Rm

 1 435 

 88 

 (8)

1 515 

 (24)

 2 

(22)

 (2)

(2)

2010
cents

 Net 
Rm

 5 208 

 3 

 (26)

 1 

5 186 

 Net 
Rm

 1 023 

 1 435 

 62 

 (6)

2 514 

2009 
cents

Group headline earnings per share for the year ended 31 December 2010

Headline earnings per share (refer note 8)

–   basic

–   diluted

 1 495 

 1 437 

 729 

 702 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 227

 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

11. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

 Land and 
 buildings 
 Rm 

 Mineral 
 properties 
 Rm 

 Residential 
 land and 
 buildings 
 Rm 

 Buildings 
and 
 infra- 
 structure 
 Rm 

 Machinery, 
 plant and 
 equipment 
 Rm 

 Site pre-
paration, 
 mining 
develop- 
 ment, 
exploration 
 and 
rehabili-
tation 
 Rm 

 Extensions 
 under 
 con-
struction 
 Rm 

 Total 
 Rm 

972 

17 

1 591 

1 749 

20 723 

2 677 

562 

20 

146 

728 

20 

16 

(8)

28 

2 640 

180 

2 969 

11 809 

1 

1 

67 

 11 

823 

42 

 66 

(1)

 (29)

 (311)

5 

 (25)

35 

1 105 

7 

 10 

 10 

 (1 136)

2 998 

13 503 

1 072 

2 214 

23 248 

(7)

174 

48 

6 

856 

151 

4 542 

960 

395 

49 

(1)

 (13)

 (215)

3 

20 

 (2)

3 

 2 

53 

997 

5 305 

449 

120 

 (341)

 63 

6 

6 626 

1 367 

 (229)

 29 

7 793 

672 

1 406 

142 

2 

2 228 

 (17)

655 

(61)

1 345 

142 

2 

2 150 

 (78)

6

(87)

2 559 

765 

185 

3 

 8 

961 

6 

6 

700 

1 592 

121 

1 346 

6 853 

481 

2 212 

13 305 

GROUP

2010

Gross carrying amount

At beginning of year

Additions

Changes in 
decommissioning assets

Disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

Exchange differences  
on translation

Other movements

At end of year

Accumulated 
depreciation

At beginning of year

Depreciation charges

Accumulated depreciation 
on disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

Exchange differences on 
translation

Other movements

At end of year

Impairment of assets

At beginning of year

Disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

At end of year

Net carrying amount  
at end of year

228 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

11. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (continued)

 Land and 
 buildings 
 Rm 

 Mineral 
 properties 
 Rm 

 Residential 
 land and 
 buildings 
 Rm 

 Buildings 
and 
 infra- 
 structure 
 Rm 

 Machinery, 
 plant and 
 equipment 
 Rm 

 Site pre-
paration, 
 mining 
develop- 
 ment, 
exploration 
 and 
rehabili-
tation 
 Rm 

 Extensions 
 under 
 con-
struction 
 Rm 

 Total 
 Rm 

 2 262 

 184 

 106 

 147 

 27 

 2 309 

 10 060 

 403 

 1 020 

 776 

 87 

 1 887 

17 625 

 339 

1 982 

Increase in joint venture

 349 

 87 

 2 

 7 

 7 

 81 

 15 

 704 

 17 

 (2)

 39 

 1 228 

 (4)

 (4)

 (186)

 (36)

 (230)

 1 

 (78)

562 

1 

1 

18 

 9 

 282 

2 640 

575 

180 

5 

 5 

 1 

180 

42 

6 

 (1)

 7 

 167 

2 969 

727 

125 

5 

 (3)

 5 

 (3)

 (5)

 51 

 150 

11 809 

3 787 

776 

44 

 (94)

 30 

(1)

 11 

 81 

972 

355 

35 

 5 

20 

765 

48 

856 

4 542 

395 

 2 

 7 

 (606)

1 591 

 (3)

 86 

(4)

20 723 

5 487 

 1 123 

 72 

 (97)

 45 

(4)

6 626 

 6 

 6 

227 

495 

445 

 911 

63 

 79 

 38 

829 

1 435 

 672 

 1 406 

142 

 (36)

2 

(36)

 2 228 

542 

1 869 

132 

1 441 

5 861 

435 

1 589 

11 869 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 229

GROUP

2009

Gross carrying amount

At beginning of year

Additions

Changes in 
decommissioning assets

Disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

Net reclassification to 
non-current assets 
classified as held for sale

Exchange differences  
on translation

Other movements

At end of year

Accumulated 
depreciation

At beginning of year

Depreciation charges

Increase in joint venture

Accumulated depreciation 
on disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

Exchange differences on 
translation

Other movements

At end of year

Impairment of assets

At beginning of year

Impairment charges  
(refer note 4)

Disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

At end of year

Net carrying amount  
at end of year

 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

11. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (continued)

The net carrying amount of machinery, plant and equipment includes:

Assets held under finance leases (refer note 21)

–   cost

–   accumulated depreciation

For detail of property, plant and equipment pledged as security refer to annexure 1.

A register of land and buildings is available for inspection at the registered office of the company.

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

196

112

84

197

69

128

 Land and 
 buildings 
 Rm 

 Mineral 
 properties 
 Rm 

 Residential 
 land and 
 buildings 
 Rm 

 Buildings 
and 
 infra- 
 structure 
 Rm 

 Machinery, 
 plant and 
 equipment 
 Rm 

 Site pre-
paration, 
 mining 
develop- 
 ment, 
exploration 
 and 
rehabili-
tation 
 Rm 

 Extensions 
 under 
 con-
struction 
 Rm 

 Total 
 Rm 

COMPANY

2010

Gross carrying amount

At beginning of year

Additions

Disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

Other movements

At end of year

Accumulated 
depreciation

At beginning of year

Depreciation charges

Accumulated depreciation  
on disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

At end of year

Net carrying amount  
at end of year

230 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

12 

 (2)

10 

5 

 (2)

3 

7 

215 

15 

 (3)

21 

248 

69 

41 

 (2)

108 

140 

87 

53 

 (21)

119 

314 

68 

 (5)

377 

74 

41 

 (4)

111 

119 

266 

11. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (continued)

 Land and 
 buildings 
 Rm 

 Mineral 
 properties 
 Rm 

 Residential 
 land and 
 buildings 
 Rm 

 Buildings 
and 
 infra- 
 structure 
 Rm 

 Machinery, 
 plant and 
 equipment 
 Rm 

 Site pre-
paration, 
 mining 
develop- 
 ment, 
exploration 
 and 
rehabili-
tation 
 Rm 

 Extensions 
 under 
 con-
struction 
 Rm 

 Total 
 Rm 

COMPANY

2009

Gross carrying amount

At beginning of year

Additions

Disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

Other movements

At end of year

Accumulated 
depreciation

At beginning of year

Depreciation charges

Accumulated depreciation 
on disposals of items of 
property, plant and 
equipment

At end of year

Net carrying amount at 
end of year

11 

1 

12 

5 

5 

7 

114 

22 

 (4)

83 

215 

48 

25 

 (4)

69 

146 

104 

66 

(83)

87 

229 

88 

 (4)

 1 

314 

53 

25 

 (4)

74 

87 

240 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 231

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

12. BIOLOGICAL ASSETS

GROUP

2010

Carrying amount

At beginning of year

Gains attributable to physical and price changes

Net reclassification to inventory

At end of year

Fair value of biological assets can be split as follows:

–  mature

–  immature

The plantation was valued by Mr J M Potgieter, an independent 
appraiser, on 17 November 2010.

2009

Carrying amount

At beginning of year

(Losses)/gains attributable to physical and price changes

Net reclassification to inventory

At end of year

Fair value of biological assets can be split as follows:

–  mature

–  immature

Plantations consist of wattle and blue gum trees.

Livestock consists of cattle and horses.

 Plantation 
 Rm 

 Livestock 
 Rm 

 Game 
 Rm 

 Total 
 Rm 

7 

1 

8 

4 

4 

8 

 8 

(1)

7 

4 

3 

7 

7 

4 

 (4)

7 

7 

7 

 6 

 3 

 (2)

7 

7 

7 

27 

5 

(1)

31 

31 

31 

 20 

 9 

 (2)

27 

27 

27 

41 

10 

 (5)

46 

 42 

 4 

46 

34 

 11 

 (4)

41 

 38 

 3 

41 

Game consists of rhino, buffalo, warthog, giraffe, ostrich and a large variety of antelope.

232 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
13.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Patents, licences and franchises

Gross carrying amount

At beginning of year

Additions

Exchange differences

At end of year

Accumulated amortisation

At beginning of year

Amortisation charge

Exchange differences

At end of year

Net carrying amount at end of year

All intangible assets have finite useful lives and are amortised on  
the straight-line basis over the respective useful lives.

14.

INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 143 

 2 

 145 

 56 

 13 

 1 

 70 

75 

121 

19 

3 

143 

 42 

 13 

 1 

56 

87 

19 

19 

9 

9 

18 

1 

19

19 

9

9 

10 

ASSOCIATED COMPANIES (Unlisted)

3 880 

1 965 

JOINT VENTURES (Unlisted)

–  incorporated

Total

3 880 

1 

1 966 

Refer to annexure 2 for market and directors’ valuations of investments.

Associate companies

Joint ventures

Investments
Rm

Loans1
Rm

Total
Rm

Investments
Rm

Loans
Rm

Total
Rm

2010

GROUP

At beginning of year

 1 810 

 155 

 1 965 

Transfer (to)/from other assets

Net share of results

  Per income statement

  Elimination of intergroup profits

Dividends paid

Exchange difference adjustments

Share of reserve movements

 3 655 

 3 654 

 1 

 (1 815)

 (12)

 24 

 63 

 63 

 3 718 

 3 717 

 1 

 (1 815)

 (12)

 24 

 1 

 (1)

 1 

 (1)

At end of year (refer annexure 2)

 3 662 

 218 

 3 880 

1  These loans are interest free and have no fixed repayment terms. These loans have been subordinated to other debt until such time that the associate’s 

assets exceeds its liabilities. The net share of results arises from the recoupment of previous impairments by way of current trading income.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 233

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

Associate companies

Joint ventures

Investments
Rm

Loans1
Rm

Total
Rm

Investments
Rm

Loans
Rm

Total
Rm

14.

INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES 
AND JOINT VENTURES 
(continued)

2009

GROUP

At beginning of year

Net share of results

  Per income statement

  Elimination of intergroup profits

Dividends paid

Exchange difference adjustments

Share of reserve movements

 1 816 

 1 776 

 1 776 

 (1 752)

 (38)

 8 

 32 

 123 

 122 

 1 

 1 848 

 1 899 

 1 898 

 1 

 (1 752)

 (38)

 8 

 1 

 1 

At end of year (refer annexure 2)

 1 810 

 155 

 1 965 

 1 

 1 

1  These loans are interest free and have no fixed repayment terms. These loans have been subordinated to other debt until such time that the associate’s 

assets exceeds its liabilities. The net share of results arises from the recoupment of previous impairments by way of current trading income.

Aggregate post-acquisition reserves:

–  associate companies

–  joint ventures 

Total

2010
Rm

 3 380 

3 014 

6 394 

2009
Rm

 1 466 

2 982 

4 448 

1  These loans are interest free and have no fixed repayment terms. These loans have been subordinated to other debt until such time that the associate’s 

assets exceeds its liabilities.

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

15.

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES

Shares at cost less impairment losses

Indebtedness

–   by subsidiaries

–   to subsidiaries

Total (refer annexure 3)

Less: Current portion included in trade and other receivables

Less: Current portion included in trade and other payables

Non-current portion

Aggregate attributable after tax profits and losses of subsidiaries:

–   profits

–   losses

 2 563 

 (658)

 1 743 

 (3 617)

 3 290 

 3 322 

10 745 

 10 358 

 (97)

 10 648 

 (8 018)

 97 

 2 727 

 6 017 

 (105)

 10 253 

 (7 012)

 105 

 3 346 

 6 668 

234 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. FINANCIAL ASSETS

Environmental Rehabilitation Trust asset

Long-term receivables

Investments (refer annexure 2)

For details refer to note 27 on financial instruments.

17.

INVENTORIES

Finished products

Work-in-progress

Raw materials

Plant spares and stores

Merchandise

Included above are inventories relating to Exxaro Sands (Pty) 
Limited, Rosh Pinah Zinc Corporation (Pty) Limited and Exxaro 
Base Metals (Pty) Limited which might be sold or utilised in 
production over more than 12 months. Included in merchandise are 
biological assets held for sale classified as inventories. There was 
no inventory sold in which delivery was delayed at the buyer’s 
request. No inventories were pledged as security for liabilities in 
both 2010 and 2009.

The amount of inventory carried at net realisable value (NRV) is 
R750 million (2009: R528 million).

18. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Indebtedness by subsidiaries (refer note 15)

Indebtedness by subsidiaries

Specific allowances for impairment

Derivative financial instruments (refer note 27.1)

Non-financial instrument receivables

Specific allowances for impairment

Collective allowances for impairment

Included in non-current assets classified as held for sale  
(refer note 19)

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

 522 

 477 

 376 

2009
 Rm 

 422 

 420 

 375 

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

 12 

 11 

 1 375 

 1 217 

 12 

 11 

 1 312 

 1 404 

 671 

 586 

 544 

 7 

 659 

 527 

 537 

 6 

 3 120

 3 133 

 2 554 

 209 

 2 620 

 240 

 192 

 848 

 (50)

 (1)

 51 

 433 

 (221)

 (2)

 38 

 8 018 

 11 298 

 (3 280)

 2 

 (4)

 40 

 7 012 

 10 285 

 (3 273)

 34 

 5 

(1)

 3 752 

 3 121 

 8 054 

 7 090 

22 

3 774 

18 

3 139 

10

8 064 

18

7 108 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 235

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

18. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (continued)

Trade receivables are stated after the following allowances  
for impairment:

Specific allowances for impairment

At beginning of year

Impairment loss recognised 

Indebtedness by subsidiaries impairments

Indebtedness by subsidiaries reversals

Impairment loss reversals

Other reconciling items

At end of year

Of which relates to:

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Subsidiaries

Collective allowances for impairment

At beginning of year

Other reconciling items

At end of year

Of which relates to:

Trade receivables

For a detailed analysis of the trade and other receivables refer to 
note 27 on financial instruments.

19. NON-CURRENT ASSETS CLASSIFIED AS HELD FOR SALE

Assets

Property, plant and equipment

Financial assets

Inventories

Trade and other receivables (refer note 18)

Tax receivable

Liabilities

Other long-term payables

Non-current provisions

Deferred tax liabilities

Trade and other payables (refer note 24)

Tax payable

Total at end of year

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

 (221)

 (45)

 (9)

 (220)

(3 274)

(1)

 (3)

 (23)

 16 

 (3 273)

 216 

 (50)

 (3)

 (47)

 (50)

 (2)

 1 

 (1)

 (1)

 (1)

 34 

 21 

 8 

 22 

 85 

 (29)

 (8)

 (14)

 (1)

(52)

33 

 3 

 5 

 (221)

 (3 284)

(3 274)

 (217)

 (4)

 (221)

 (2)

 (2)

 (2)

 (2)

 38 

17 

8 

 18 

 5 

 86 

 (28)

 (9)

 (12)

(49)

37 

 (4)

 (3 280)

 (3 284)

(1)

 (3 273)

(3 274)

 10 

 10 

 18 

 18 

10 

18 

Included  above  are  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  a  subsidiary,  Glen  Douglas  Dolomite  (Pty)  Limited,  classified  as  held  liabilities  for  sale 
(disposal group) and other assets and liabilities classified as held for sale. The Glen Douglas subsidiary was sold with an effective date of 
1 January 2011.

236 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

20. SHARE CAPITAL

Share capital at par value

Authorised

500 000 000 ordinary shares of R0,01 each 

Issued

358 089 230 (2009: 356 940 200) ordinary shares of R0,01 each

 5 

 4 

 5 

 4 

 5 

 4 

 5 

 4 

Share premium

 2 343 

 2 314 

 2 343 

 2 314 

Shares held by Kumba Resources Management Share Trust and 
the Exxaro Employee Empowerment Participation Scheme Trust 
(MPower)

Total

The Kumba Resources Management Share Trust and the Exxaro 
Employee Empowerment Participation Scheme Trust (MPower) 
have been consolidated.

Refer to statements of changes in equity (pages 209 to 210) for 
details of movements.

Reconciliation of authorised shares not issued (million)

Number of authorised unissued ordinary shares  
at beginning of year

Number of shares issued during the year

Number of unissued authorised shares at end of year

 (177)

 2 170 

 (177)

 2 141 

 2 347 

 2 318 

 143 

 (1)

 142 

 145 

 (2)

 143 

 143 

(1)

 142 

 145 

 (2)

 143 

 The following resolutions pertain to the unissued ordinary shares under the control of the directors until the forthcoming annual general 
meeting:

1.

 Control of authorised but unissued shares
The authorised but unissued shares in the capital of the company be and are hereby placed under the control and authority of the 
directors and that they be and are hereby authorised to allot, issue and otherwise dispose of such shares to such person or persons 
on  such  terms  and  conditions  and  at  such  times  as  they  may  from  time  to  time  and  at  their  discretion  deem  fit,  subject  to  the 
provisions of the Companies Act, No 61 of 1973, as amended,  article 3.2 of the articles of association of the company and the JSE 
Listings  Requirements.  The  issuing  of  shares  granted  under  this  authority  will  be  at  their  discretion  until  the  next  annual  general 
meeting  of  the  company  authorised  but  unissued  shares  for  such  purposes  as  they  may  determine,  after  setting  aside  so  many 
shares  as  may  be  required,  subject  to  article  3.2  of  the  articles  of  association  of  the  company,  to  be  allotted  and  issued  by  the 
company pursuant to the company’s approved employee share incentive schemes.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 237

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

20. SHARE CAPITAL (continued)

2. General authority to issue shares for cash

The directors of the company be and they are hereby authorised, by way of a general authority, to issue the authorised but unissued 
shares in the capital of the company for cash, as and when they in their discretion deem fit, subject to article 3.2 of the articles of 
association of the company, the Companies Act, No 61 of 1973, as amended and the JSE Listings Requirements, when applicable 
and the following limitation, namely that:
•   the equity securities which are the subject of the issue for cash must be of a class already in issue, or where this is not the case, 

must be limited to such securities or rights that are convertible into a class already in issue;

•   any such issue will only be made to “public shareholders” as defined in the JSE Listings Requirements and not to related parties;
•   the number of shares issued for cash shall not in the aggregate in the current financial year exceed 10% of the company’s issued 
share capital of ordinary shares. For purposes of determining the securities comprising the 10% number in any one year, account 
must be take of the dilution effect, in the year of options/convertible securities, by including the number of any equity securities 
which may be issued in future arising out of the issue of such options/convertible securities. The number of ordinary shares which 
may be issued shall be based on the number of ordinary shares in issue at the date of such application less any ordinary shares 
issued during the current financial year (or to be issued arising from options or convertible securities issued), provided that any 
ordinary shares to be issued pursuant to a rights issue (announced and irrevocable and underwritten) or acquisition (which has had 
final terms announced) may be included as though they were shares in issue at the date of application;

•   this authority is valid until the company’s next annual general meeting, provided that it shall not extend beyond 15 months from the 

date that this authority is given;

•   a paid press announcement giving full details, including the impact on the net asset value and earnings per share, will be published 
at the time of any issue representing, on a cumulative basis within one financial year, 5% or more of the number of shares in issue 
prior to the issue; and

•   the maximum discount permitted at which equity securities may be issued is 10% of the weighted average traded price on the JSE 
of those shares over the 30-business days prior to the date that the price of the issue is agreed between the company and the 
party subscribing for the securities.

 This ordinary resolution is required, under the JSE Listings Requirements, to be passed by achieving a 75% majority of the votes cast 
in favour of such resolution by all members present or represented by proxy and entitled to vote, at the annual general meeting.

3. General authority to repurchase shares

Subject to compliance with the JSE Listings Requirements, the Companies Act, No 61 of 1973, as amended, and article 36 of the 
articles of association of the company, be and are hereby authorised at their discretion to procure that the company or subsidiaries 
of the company acquire by repurchase on the JSE ordinary shares issued by the company provided that:
•   the number of ordinary shares acquired in any one financial year shall not exceed 20% of the ordinary shares in issue at the date 

on which this resolution is passed;

•   this must be effected through the order book operated by the JSE trading system and done without any prior understanding or 

arrangement between the company and the counterparty;

•   this authority shall lapse on the earlier of the date of the next annual general meeting of the company or 15 months after the date 

on which this resolutions is passed; and

•   the price paid per ordinary share may not be greater than 10% above the weighted average of the market value of the ordinary 

shares for the five business days immediately preceding the date on which a purchase is made.

238 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

20. SHARE CAPITAL (continued)

3.

 General authority to repurchase shares (continued)
The reason for and effect of this special resolution is to authorise the directors, if they deem it appropriate in the interests of the 
company, to procure that the company or subsidiaries of the company acquire or repurchase ordinary shares issued by the company 
subject to the restrictions contained in the above resolution.

At the present time the directors have no specific intention with regard to the utilisation of this authority which will only be used if the 
circumstances are appropriate. The directors, after considering the effect of a repurchase of up to 20% of the company’s issued 
ordinary shares, are of the opinion that if such repurchase is implemented:
•   the group and company and its subsidiaries (“the group”) will be able to pay its debts in the ordinary course of business for a period 

of 12 months after the date of this notice;

•   recognised and measured in accordance with the accounting policies used in the latest audited annual group financial statements, 
the assets of the company and the group will exceed the liabilities of the company and the group for a period of 12 months after 
the date of this notice;

•   the ordinary capital and reserves of the company and the group will be adequate for the purposes of the business of the company 

and the group for a period of 12 months after the date of this notice;

•   the working capital of the company and the group will be adequate for the purposes of the business of the company and the group 

for a period of 12 months after the date of this notice;

•   the  company  or  its  subsidiaries  will  not  repurchase  securities  during  a  prohibited  period  as  defined  in  paragraph  3.67  of  the 
JSE Listings Requirements unless the company has a repurchase programme in place where the dates and quantities of securities 
to be traded during the relevant prohibited period are fixed (not subject to any variation) and full details of the programme have been 
disclosed in an announcement released on SENS prior to the commencement of the prohibited period;

•   when the company or its subsidiaries has cumulatively repurchased 3% of the initial number of the relevant class of securities, and 

for each 3% in aggregate of the initial number of that class acquired thereafter, an announcement will be made;

•   the company at any point in time, only appoints one agent to effect any repurchase(s) on its behalf; and the company undertaking 
that it will not enter the market to repurchase the company’s securities until the company’s sponsor has provided written confirmation 
to  the  JSE  regarding  the  adequacy  of  the  company’s  working  capital  in  accordance  with  Schedule  25  of  the  JSE  Listings 
Requirements.

The above authorities are valid until the next annual general meeting.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 239

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

21.

INTEREST-BEARING BORROWINGS

Non-current borrowings

Summary of loans by financial year of redemption

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016 onwards

Total non-current borrowings (refer annexure 1)

Current portion included in current liabilities

Total

Details of interest rates payable on borrowings are shown in 
annexure 1.

Included in the above interest-bearing borrowings are obligations

relating to finance leases (refer note 11). Details are:

Minimum lease payments:

–   less than one year

–   more than one year and less than five years

–  more than five years

Total

Less: Future finance charges 

Present value of lease liabilities

Representing lease liabilities:

–  current

–  non-current (more than one year and less than five years)

–  non-current (more than five years)

Total

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

2010
Rm

2009
 Rm 

 362 

 617 

 617 

 1 701 

 200 

 200 

 3 697 

 (362)

 3 335 

 716 

 856 

 407 

 827 

 723 

 417 

 617 

 1 865 

 1 886 

 1 701 

 200 

 200 

 3 135 

 (417)

 2 718 

 296 

 285 

 342 

 4 360 

 (716)

 3 644 

 66 

 262 

 3 230 

 3 558 

 3 290 

 268 

 5 

 10 

 253 

 268 

 304 

 264 

 343 

 4 754 

 (407)

 4 347 

 63 

 256 

 3 302 

 3 621 

 3 361 

 260 

 5 

 13 

 242 

 260 

Exxaro entered into numerous operating and finance lease arrangements. All major lease arrangements are renewable if there is mutual 
agreement  between  the  parties  to  the  arrangements  with  some  contracts  specifying  extension  periods.  Arrangements  containing 
escalation clauses are usually based on CPI or PPI indexes. None of the lease arrangements contain restrictive clauses that are unusual 
to the particular type of lease.

There were no defaults or breaches in terms of interest-bearing borrowings during both reporting periods.

240 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Environ-
mental
rehabili-
tation
Rm

Decom-
mission-
ing
Rm

Restruc-
turing
Rm

Post- 
retirement
medical 
obligation
Rm

Post- 
retirement 
defined 
benefit
obligation
Rm

Cash-
settled 
share-
based
 payment
Rm

Total
Rm

22. PROVISIONS

GROUP

2010

At beginning of year

 1 323 

 442 

 30 

Charge to operating expenses

Additional provision

Unused amounts reversed

 28 

 31 

 (3)

 8 

 8 

 77 

 9 

 9 

Interest adjustment (refer note 5)

 134 

 56 

 6 

 3 

Provisions capitalised to property, plant 
and equipment

Utilised during year

Exchange differences

Reclassification to non-current assets 
held for sale

 120 

1 

 (14)

 1 

(1)

At end of year

 1 471 

 627 

Current portion included in  
current liabilities

 (27)

Total non-current provisions

 1 444 

 627 

 (6)

 30 

 (6)

 24 

2009

At beginning of year

 1 274 

 395 

 27 

Charge to operating expenses

Additional provision

Unused amounts reversed

Interest adjustment (refer note 5)

Provisions capitalised to property, plant 
and equipment

Increase in joint venture

Utilised during year

Exchange differences

Reclassification to non-current assets 
held for sale

 (3)

 2 

 (5)

 8 

39 

 3 

 12 

 12 

 16 

 30 

 (12)

 4 

(1)

At end of year

 1 323 

 442 

Current portion included in current 
liabilities

 (21)

Total non-current provisions

 1 302 

 442 

8 

 (5)

 30 

 (6)

 24 

 89 

 89 

68 

 7 

7 

2 

 77 

 77 

 3 

 2 

 2 

 5 

 5 

 3 

3 

 3 

 3 

 5 

 1 880 

 47 

 50 

 (3)

 199 

 120 

 (21)

 2 

(1)

(1)

 4 

 2 226 

 (33)

 4 

 2 193 

3 

 4 

 4 

 (2)

 1 767 

 23 

 28 

 (5)

 34 

 39 

 30 

 (19)

 7 

(1)

 5 

 1 880 

 (27)

 5 

 1 853 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 241

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

Environ-
mental
rehabili-
tation
Rm

Decom-
mission-
ing
Rm

Restruc-
turing
Rm

Post- 
retirement
medical 
obligation
Rm

Post- 
retirement 
defined 
benefit
obligation
Rm

Cash-
settled 
share-
based
 payment
Rm

Total
Rm

22. PROVISIONS (continued)

COMPANY

2010

At beginning of year

Charge to operating expenses

Additional provisions

Interest adjustment (refer note 5)

Utilised during the year

Total non-current provisions

2009

At beginning of year

Charge to operating expenses

Additional provisions 

Interest adjustment (refer note 5)

Utilised during year

Total non-current provisions

 23 

(1)

(1)

 1 

 23 

 21 

 2 

 23 

 5 

 28 

(1)

(1)

 1 

(1)

 27 

 24 

 4 

 4 

 2 

 (2)

 28 

(1)

 4 

 3 

 4 

 4 

 (2)

 5 

Environmental rehabilitation
Provision is made for environmental rehabilitation costs where either a legal or constructive obligation is recognised as a result of past 
events. Estimates are based upon costs that are regularly reviewed and adjusted as appropriate for new circumstances.

Decommissioning
The  decommissioning  provision  relates  to  decommissioning  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  where  either  a  legal  or  constructive 
obligation is recognised as a result of past events. Estimates are based upon costs that are regularly reviewed and adjusted as appropriate 
for new circumstances.

Funding of environmental and decommissioning rehabilitation
Contributions towards the cost of the mine closure are also made to the Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Fund and the balance of the 
fund amounted to R539 million (2009: R429 million) at year-end.

Of this amount, R521 million (2009: R422 million) is included in financial assets and R18 million (2009: R7 million) in trade and other 
receivables of the group. Cash flows will take place when the mines are rehabilitated.

Restructuring
The liability includes accruals for plant and facility closures, including the dismantling costs thereof, and employee termination costs in 
terms of the announced restructuring plans for the Hlobane and Durnacol mines. Provision is made on a piecemeal basis only for those 
restructuring obligations supported by a formally approved plan.

The restructuring for Durnacol mine will be completed within the next six years and for Hlobane mine in the next 16 years.

242 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
22. PROVISIONS (continued)

Post-retirement medical obligation
A  post-employment  healthcare  benefit  had  been  provided  to  a  group  of  continuation  and  in-service  members  on  the  Witbank  Coal 
Medical Aid Scheme and the BHP Billiton SA Medical Scheme. This benefit, which is no longer offered, applied to certain employees 
previously employed by Eyesizwe or Ingwe Coal and comprises a subsidy of contributions.

At Namakwa Sands a post-retirement medical obligation remains. The post-retirement liability is of a defined benefit nature, and consists 
of an implicit promise to pay a portion of members’ post-retirement medical aid contributions. This liability is also generated in respect of 
dependants  who  are  offered  continued  membership  of  the  medical  aid  upon  the  death  of  the  primary  member,  either  pre-  or  post-
retirement. This benefit, which is no longer offered, applied to employees employed prior to 2001 by Namakwa Sands.

The obligations represents a present value amount, which is actuarially valued on an annual basis. Any surplus or deficit arising from the 
valuation  is  recognised  in  the  income  statement.  The  provision  is  expected  to  be  utilised  over  the  expected  lives  of  the  remaining 
participants of the scheme.

Post-retirement defined benefit obligation
Provision for severance benefits is made in accordance with Namibian law for the Namibian operations. As the severance benefits are 
only  payable  on  retirement  or  the  involuntary  termination  of  service  from  the  side  of  the  employer,  this  is  accounted  for  as  a  post-
retirement service. The plan is a defined benefit obligation. The cost of providing these benefits is determined based on the projected unit 
credit method and actuarial valuations are performed at every reporting date. The defined benefit obligation presented in the statement 
of financial position represents the sum of the present value of the obligation less the fair value of plan assets plus/minus any balance of 
unrecognised actuarial gains or losses, minus any balance of unrecognised past service costs. The provision is expected to be utilised 
over the expected lives of the participants of scheme.

Cash-settled share-based payment
Exxaro offered a cash-settled share-based payment, based on the company’s share price performance, to certain individuals who were 
under an embargo and not entitled to accept share scheme offers, due to their involvement in the empowerment transaction.

23. DEFERRED TAX

The movement on the deferred tax account is as follows:

At beginning of year

Foreign currency adjustment

Increase in joint venture

Share-based payments movements

Items charged directly to other components of equity 

Transferred to non-current assets held for sale

Income statement charge (refer note 7)

–  current 

–  prior

At end of year

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

366 

(42)

 115

 1 

 93 

 94 

627 

174 

5 

26 

(16)

 (126)

 (2)

 297 

 8 

366 

 (87)

 (104)

(21)

(9)

23

 (85)

 4 

 22 

(87)

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 243

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

23. DEFERRED TAX (continued)

Comprising:

Deferred tax liabilities

–  property, plant and equipment

–  bad debt reassessment

–  income received in advance

–  inventories

–  leave pay accrual

–  financial instruments

–  provisions

–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation asset

–  decommissioning provision

–  share-based payments

–  hedge premium

–  restoration provision

–  prepayments

–  unrealised profits

–  assessed losses

Deferred tax assets

–  provisions

–  property, plant and equipment

–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation asset

–  decommissioning provision

–  financial instruments

–  share-based payments

–  hedge premium

–  unrealised foreign exchange profit/(loss)

–  restoration provision

–  inventories

–  bad debt reassessment

–  lease liability

–  leave pay accrual

–  prepayments

–  tax losses carried forward

–  derecognition of deferred tax assets

–  foreign tax losses carried forward

244 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

1 438 

 (8)

 (7)

13 

 (30)

 20 

 36 

104 

 (11)

 (19)

 1 

 (187)

14 

(5)

 (6)

1 353 

 (96)

 292 

 33 

 (11)

 (157)

 (42)

(1)

 145 

 (113)

 (3)

(1)

 (75)

 (13)

 20 

1 113 

 (46)

6 

 (31)

 (6)

86 

 (6)

 (6)

 2 

 (95)

7 

(25)

 (4)

995 

 (88)

137 

22 

 (9)

 (126)

 (17)

(1)

 98 

 (109)

 (3)

(1)

 (72)

 (13)

14 

 (2)

 6 

 4 

 (35)

 (7)

 (2)

4 

(13)

(1)

 (6)

 (6)

 (5)

 (1 241)

 (1 017)

 (45)

 (64)

 833 

 (296)

 (726)

627 

 822 

 (266)

 (629)

366 

 (85)

 (85)

 (87)

 (87)

23. DEFERRED TAX (continued)

Calculated tax losses

–   Tax losses available for set off against future South African 

taxable income

–   Tax losses available for set off against future foreign taxable 

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

4 454 

3 646 

161 

229 

income

 1 082 

 950 

The total deferred tax assets raised with regard to assessed losses 
amount to R706 million (2009: R465 million), and is mainly 
attributable to the Exxaro sands businesses. The total deferred tax 
assets not raised amount to R907 million (2009: R877 million).

24. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Trade payables

Other payables

Non-financial instrument payables

Leave pay accrual

Indebtedness to subsidiaries (refer note 15)

Derivative financial instruments (refer note 27.1)

Included in non-current assets classified as held for sale 
(refer note 19)

25. NOTES TO THE CASH FLOW STATEMENT

25.1 Cash generated by/(utilised in) operations

Net operating profit/(loss)

Adjusted for non-cash movements

–   depreciation and amortisation

–   impairment charges of non-current assets

–   impairment charges and write-offs of trade and other 

receivables

–   provisions 

–   foreign exchange revaluations and fair value adjustments

–   reconditionable spares usage

–   net (profit)/loss on disposal or scrapping of property, plant 

and equipment

–   share-based payment expenses

Cash inflows from operations

Working capital movements

–   increase in inventories

–   (increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables

–   increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables

–   utilisation of provisions (refer note 22)

 1 085 

 898 

 835 

 229 

 10 

 3 057 

 14 

 3 071 

932 

775 

 532 

226 

45 

 2 510 

 12 

 2 522 

 39 

 54 

 155 

 21 

 97 

 366 

24 

61 

 115 

20 

 105 

 34 

 359 

 366 

 359 

 2 636 

 304 

 (247)

 (3 311)

 1 380 

 4 

 1 136 

 1 435 

 45 

 47 

 (93)

 6 

 (32)

 80 

 217 

 23 

 2 

 4 

 84 

 83 

 4 073 

 3 288 

 (11)

 (478)

 543 

 (21)

 (643)

 (612)

 103 

 (19)

 50 

 48 

 10 

 (1)

 3 

 26 

 (111)

 84 

 4 

 (1)

 (24)

 34 

 3 273 

 3 

 7 

 30 

 36 

 (365)

 (457)

 (2)

 (788)

Cash generated by/(utilised in) operations

 4 106 

 2 117 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 245

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

25. NOTES TO THE CASH FLOW STATEMENT (continued)

25.2 Net financing costs

Net financing costs

Financing costs not involving cash flow (refer note 22)

25.3 Normal tax paid

Amounts (unpaid)/receivable at beginning of year

Amounts charged to the income statements

Arising on translation of foreign entities

Non-current assets classified as held for sale

Amounts unpaid/(receivable) at end of year

25.4 Dividends paid

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 (455)

 199 

 (256)

 (478)

 1 

 5 

 42 

 (430)

 (415)

 34 

 (381)

(433)

 (461)

 2 

 (892)

 (232)

 1 

 (231)

 13 

 (13)

 (339)

 2 

 (337)

(10)

 24 

(14)

Dividends declared and paid

 (1 056)

 (1 050)

 (1 073)

 (1 066)

 (68)

(68)

 (88)

(88)

 606 

 (795)

 606 

 (795)

25.5

Investments to maintain operations

Replacement of property, plant and equipment

Reconditional spares

25.6

Investments to expand operations

Expansion and new technology

25.7

Investment in other non-current assets

Increase in associates, joint ventures

Decrease/(Increase) in investments in subsidiaries

Increase in non-current financial assets

Increase in investment in joint venture

During July 2009, the group invested R1 082 million in 
Mafube Coal Mining (Pty) Limited, its joint venture with 
Anglo South Africa Capital (Pty) Limited, which is included 
in the coal segment results.

The increase consists of the following:

Property, plant and equipment

Non-current financial assets

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Deferred tax

Provisions

Trade and other payables

25.8

Income from equity-accounted investments

Income from equity-accounted investments as per income 
statement

Dividends received from equity-accounted investments

Non-cash flow income from equity-accounted investments 

 (1 109)

 (46)

 (1 155)

 (1 522)

 (1 522)

 (149)

 (149)

 3 717

 1 815 

 (3 717)

 1 815 

 (960)

(32)

(992)

 (990)

 (990)

 (1 082)

 (8)

 (1 090)

 1 156 

 3 

 36 

 49 

 (26)

 (30)

 (106)

 1 082 

 1 898

 1 752 

 (1 898)

 1 752 

246 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
25. NOTES TO THE CASH FLOW STATEMENT (continued)

25.9

Income from investments

Income from investments as per income statement

Non-cash flow dividends in specie received from subsidiary

25.10 Foreign currency translation reserve

At beginning of year

Closing balance

Movement

Unrealised losses/(profits) in relation to foreign transactions

Revaluation of non-current loans

Arising on translation of foreign entities:

–   inventories

–   trade and other receivables

–   financial assets

–   trade and other payables

–   utilisation of provision

–   taxation paid

–   property, plant and equipment acquired

–   intangible assets

–   investments acquired

–   non-current loans

–   current loans

–   non-controlling interests loans

–   share capital

GROUP

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 2 

 2 

 (802) 

 716

 (86) 

 (8) 

 (43) 

 108

 10

 17

 1

 3

 3

 (1) 

 (32) 

 (1) 

 12

 99

 (2) 

 (1) 

 (29) 

 2 

 2 

 (964) 

 802

 (162) 

 (48) 

 (172) 

 294

 20

 30

 8

 5

1

 (43) 

 (2) 

 30

 123

 (1) 

 123

 (88) 

 3 205 

 (1 000)

 2 205 

 6 731 

 (4 600)

 2 131 

 2 

 2 

 2 

 (2)

 3 

 3 

 (3)

 4 

 (3)

 (2)

 (3)

 2 

 1 

25.11 Translation of foreign cash and cash equivalents

Translation differences on cash and cash equivalents

 14 

 67 

26. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (RESTATED)

GROUP

Exchange differences on translating foreign operations

Share of other comprehensive income of associates

Financial instruments fair value gains/(losses) 
recognised in equity on cash flow hedges:

COMPANY

Exchange differences on translating foreign operations

2010

2009

Before-
tax 
amount
Rm

 (9)

 40 

 227 

 258 

 2 

 2 

Tax
Rm

 (38)

 (77)

 (115)

Net-of-
tax 
amount
Rm

Before-
tax 
amount
Rm

 (47)

 40 

 150 

 143 

 2 

 2 

 (35)

 (34)

 (474)

 (543)

 3 

 3 

Tax
Rm

 (62)

15

 189 

 142 

Net-of-
tax 
amount
Rm

 (97)

 (19)

 (285)

 (401)

 3 

 3 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 247

 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

27.1 Carrying amounts and fair value amounts of financial instruments

The tables below set out the group’s and company’s classification of each class of financial assets and liabilities, as well as their 
fair values.

At fair value through profit or loss

Held for 
trading
Rm

Designated
Rm

GROUP
2010
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Biological assets
Intangible assets
Investments in associates and joint ventures
Deferred tax
Financial assets, consisting of:
–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust asset
–  Richards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT)
–  Ndzalama Game Reserve
–  Long-term receivables
Total non-current assets
Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Current tax receivable
Derivative financial instruments
Cash and cash equivalents
Total current assets
Non-current assets classified as held for sale
Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Capital and reserves
Share capital
Other components of equity
Retained earnings
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent
Non-controlling interest
Total equity
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing borrowings
Non-current provisions
Deferred tax
Total financial non-current liabilities
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Derivative financial instruments
Interest-bearing borrowings
Current tax payable
Current provisions
Total current liabilities
Non-current liabilities classified as held for sale
Total liabilities

248 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 529 
 522 

 7 

 529 

 21 
 550 

 136 

 136 

 28 

 28 

 164 

 192 

 192 

 192 

 10 

 10 

 10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-
maturity 
investments 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Loans and 
receivables 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Available-for-
sale financial 
assets at 
fair value
Rm

Financial 
liabilities 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Non-financial 
assets and 
liabilities 
at cost
Rm

Total 
carrying 
amount
Rm

Fair value 
of financial 
instruments
Rm

Maximum 
exposure 
of carrying 
amount to 
credit risk 
Rm

 477 

 477 
 477 

 2 712 

 2 140 
 4 852 
 22 
 5 351 

 369 

 369 

 369 

 369 

 13 305 
 46 
 75 
 3 880 
 726 

 18 032 

 3 120 
 848 
 105 

 4 073 
 43 
 22 148 

 2 170 
 2 321 
 12 946 
 17 437 
 (23)
 17 414 

 201 
 2 193 
 1 353 
 3 747 

 3 307 

 3 307 

 1 983 

 1 064 

 622 

 2 605 
 14 
 5 926 

 66 
 147 
 33 
 1 310 
 38 
 22 509 

 13 305 
 46 
 75 
 3 880 
 726 
 1 375 
 522 
 369 
 7 
 477 
 19 407 

 3 120 
 3 560 
 105 
 192 
 2 140 
 9 117 
 85 
 28 609 

 2 170 
 2 321 
 12 946 
 17 437 
 (23)
 17 414 

 3 644 
 2 193 
 1 353 
 7 190 

 3 047 
 10 
 716 
 147 
 33 
 3 953 
 52 
 28 609 

 1 375 
 522 
 369 
 7 
 477 

 2 712 

 192 
 2 140 

 1 375 
 522 
 369 
 7 
 477 

 192 
 2 140 

 42 

 42 

 3 443 

 1 983 
 10 
 650 

 14 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 249

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.1 Carrying amounts and fair value amounts of financial instruments (continued)

GROUP
2009
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Biological assets
Intangible assets
Investments in associates and joint ventures
Deferred tax
Financial assets, consisting of:
–   Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust asset
–   Richards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT)
–   Ndzalama Game Reserve
–   Long-term receivables
Total non-current assets
Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Current tax receivables
Derivative financial instruments
Cash and cash equivalents
Total current assets
Non-current assets classified as held for sale
Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Capital and reserves
Share capital
Other components of equity
Retained earnings
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent
Non-controlling interest
Total equity
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing borrowings
Non-current provisions
Derivative financial instruments
Deferred tax
Total non-current liabilities
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Derivative financial instruments
Interest-bearing borrowings
Current tax payable
Current provisions
Total current liabilities
Non-current liabilities classified as held for sale
Total liabilities

At fair value through profit or loss

Held for 
trading
Rm

Designated
Rm

 429 
 422 

 7 

 429 

 17 
 446 

 153 

 153 

 28 

 28 

 181 

 51 

 51 

 51 

 75 

 75 

 45 

 45 

 120 

As disclosed in the table above, financial liabilities with a carrying amount and fair value of R163 million (2009: R181 million) have 
been designated at fair value through profit or loss.

The carrying amount of the financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss at 31 December 2010 was the same 
as the contractual amount at maturity date for the year ended 31 December 2009.

250 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-
maturity 
investments 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Loans and 
receivables 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Available-for-
sale financial 
assets at 
fair value
Rm

Financial 
liabilities 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Non-financial 
assets and 
liabilities 
at cost
Rm

Total 
carrying 
amount
Rm

Fair value 
of financial 
instruments
Rm

Maximum 
exposure 
of carrying 
amount to 
credit risk 
Rm

 420 

420
 420 

 2 649 

 1 023 
 3 673 
 23 
 4 116 

 368 

 368 

 368 

 368 

 11 869 
 41 
 87 
 1 966 
 629 

 14 592 

 3 133 
 421 
 57 

 3 611 
 47 
 18 250 

 2 141 
 2 046 
 8 721 
 12 908 
 1 
 12 909 

 211 
 1 853 

 995 
 3 059 

92

 49 
57
 27 
225
 37 
16 230

 11 869 
 41 
 87 
 1 966 
 629 
 1 217 
 422 
 368 
 7 
 420 
 15 809 

 3 133 
 3 070 
 57 
 51 
 1 023 
 7 334 
 86 
 23 229 

 2 141 
 2 046 
 8 721 
 12 908 
 1 
 12 909 

 4 347 
 1 853 
 75 
 995 
 7 270 

 2 465 
 45 
 407 
 57 
 27 
 3 001 
 49 
 23 229 

 1 217 
 422 
 368 
 7 
 420 

 1 217 
 422 
 368 
 7 
 420 

 2 649 

 2 649 

 51 
 1 023 

 51 
 1 023 

 40 

 40 

 4 136 

 75 

2 373
 45 
 358 

 12 

 3 983 

 3 983 

2 373

 330 

2 703
 12 
6 698

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 251

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.1 Carrying amounts and fair value amounts of financial instruments (continued)

At fair value through profit or loss

Held for 
trading
Rm

Designated
Rm

 12 

 12 

 12 

COMPANY

2010

ASSETS

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Intangible assets

Investments in subsidiaries

Deferred tax

Financial assets, consisting of:

–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust asset

Total non-current assets

Current assets

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Non-current assets classified as held for sale

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Capital and reserves

Share capital

Other components of equity

Retained earnings

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent

Total equity

Non-current liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings

Non-current provisions

Total financial non-current liabilities

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Interest-bearing borrowings

Total current liabilities

Total equity and liabilities

252 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-
maturity 
investments 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Loans and 
receivables 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Available-for-
sale financial 
assets at 
fair value
Rm

Financial 
liabilities 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Non-financial 
assets and 
liabilities 
at cost
Rm

Total 
carrying 
amount
Rm

Fair value 
of financial 
instruments
Rm

Maximum 
exposure 
of carrying 
amount to 
credit risk 
Rm

 2 726 

 2 726 

 8 052 

 1 229 

 9 281 

 12 007 

 266 

 1 

 3 291 

 85 

 3 643 

 2 

2

 10 

 266 

 1 

 6 017 

 85 

 12 

 6 381 

 8 054 

 1 229 

 9 283 

 10 

 3 655 

 15 674 

 2 347 

 1 143 

 8 656 

 12 146 

 12 146 

 27 

 27 

 176 

 176 

 2 347 

 1 143 

 8 656 

 12 146 

 12 146 

 2 718 

 27 

 2 745 

 366 

 417 

 783 

 2 726 

 2 726 

 12 

 12 

 8 052 

 1 229 

 8 052 

 1 229 

 2 718 

 190 

 417 

 2 718 

 2 718 

 190 

 417 

 607 

 3 325 

 12 349 

 15 674 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 253

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.1 Carrying amounts and fair value amounts of financial instruments (continued)

At fair value through profit or loss

Held for 
trading
Rm

Designated
Rm

 11 

 11 

 11 

 34 

 34 

 34 

 34 

 34 

 34 

COMPANY

2009

ASSETS

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Intangible assets

Investments in subsidiaries

Deferred tax

Financial assets, consisting of:

–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust asset 

Total non-current assets

Current assets

Trade and other receivables

Current tax receivable

Derivative financial instruments

Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Non-current assets classified as held for sale

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Capital and reserves

Share capital

Other components of equity

Retained earnings

Total equity

Non-current liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings

Non-current provisions

Total financial non-current liabilities

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Derivative financial instruments

Interest-bearing borrowings

Total current liabilities

Total liabilities

254 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-
maturity 
investments 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Loans and 
receivables 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Available-for-
sale financial 
assets at 
fair value
Rm

Financial 
liabilities 
at amortised 
cost
Rm

Non-financial 
assets and 
liabilities 
at cost
Rm

Total 
carrying 
amount
Rm

Fair value 
of financial 
instruments
Rm

Maximum 
exposure 
of carrying 
amount to 
credit risk 
Rm

 3 346 

 3 346 

 7 056 

 343 

 7 399 

 10 745 

 240 

 10 

 3 322 

 87 

 3 659 

 14 

 14 

 18 

 240 

 10 

 6 668 

 87 

 11 

 7 016 

 3 346 

 3 346 

 11 

 11 

 7 056 

 7 056 

 7 056 

 14 

 34 

 343 

 7 447 

 18 

 34 

 343 

 34 

 343 

 3 691 

 14 481 

 2 318 

 1 041 

 7 038 

 2 318 

 1 041 

 7 038 

 10 397 

 10 397 

 3 335 

 3 335 

 28 

 28 

 190 

 135 

 362 

 552 

 135 

 3 335 

 28 

 3 363 

 325 

 34 

 362 

 721 

 3 887 

 10 560 

 14 481 

 3 335 

 190 

 34 

 362 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 255

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.1 Carrying amounts and fair value amounts of financial instruments (continued)

As  disclosed  in  the  table  above,  there  were  no  financial  liabilities  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  as  at 
31 December 2010 for the company.

The Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust Fund (EERF) was created and complies with the requirements of both the Minerals 
and Petroleum Resources activities.

The EERF receives, holds and invests funds contributed by the Exxaro group of companies for the rehabilitation or management 
of negative environmental impacts associated with mining and exploration activities. The EERF receives, holds and invests funds 
contributed by the Exxaro mining operations, which contributions are aimed at providing for sufficient funds at date of estimated 
closure of mining activities to address the rehabilitation and environmental impacts.

The trustees of the fund are appointed by Exxaro and consist of sufficiently qualified Exxaro employees capable of fulfilling their 
fiduciary duties.

The funds are invested by Exxaro’s in-house treasury department with reputable financial institutions in accordance with a strict 
mandate to ensure capital preservation and real growth.

Funds accumulated for a specific mine or exploration project can only be utilised for the rehabilitation and environmental impacts 
of that specific mine or project.

If  a  mine  or  exploration  project  withdraws  from  the  fund  for  whatever  valid  reason,  the  funds  accumulated  for  such  mine  or 
exploration project are transferred to a similar fund approved by the Commissioner of South African Revenue Services. The fund 
cannot  be  closed  down  without  the  permission  of  the  Commissioner  of  the  South  African  Revenue  Services.  R106  million 
(2009: R67 million) of the investments designated at fair value through profit or loss and the EERF are equity investments listed on 
the JSE Limited.

Included in the long-term receivables is an amount of R449 million (2009: R420 million) recoverable from Eskom in respect of the 
rehabilitation and environmental expenditure of the Matla and Arnot mines at the end-of-life of these mines. The corresponding 
anticipated liability is disclosed as part of non-current provisions (refer note 22).

A 2% increase in the JSE industry average at reporting date would have increased equity by R0,7 million (2009: Rnil) after tax; an 
equal change in the opposite direction would have decreased equity by R0,7 million (2009: Rnil). The impact on profit or loss 
would have been an increase or decrease of R0,7 million (2009: Rnil) after tax. The analysis has been performed on the same basis 
for 2009.

There were no allowances for impairments on long-term receivables or investments in equity instruments at cost during the period 
under review. 

Fair values

Fair value hierarchy level

Financial assets and liabilities at fair value have been categorised in the following hierarchy structure:

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset/liability.

Level 3 – Inputs for the asset/liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

256 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.1 Carrying amounts and fair value amounts of financial instruments (continued)

Fair value
Rm

Level 1
Rm

 Level 2 
Rm

Level 3
Rm

GROUP

2010

Financial assets held for trading at fair value through profit  
or loss

–  Current derivative financial instruments

Financial assets designated as at fair value through profit  
or loss

–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust

–  Ndzalama Game Reserve

Available-for-sale financial assets

–  Richards Bay Coal Terminal 

Financial liabilities held for trading at fair value through profit 
or loss

–  Current derivative financial instruments

Financial liabilities designated as at fair value through profit 
or loss

–  Non-current interest-bearing borrowings

–  Current interest-bearing borrowings

 192 

 192 

 549 

 542 

 7 

 369 

 369 

 10 

 10 

 164 

 136 

 28 

 542 

 542 

Total

 1 284 

 542 

 192 

 192 

 10 

 10 

 164 

 136 

 28 

 366 

 7 

 7 

 369 

 369 

 376 

Reconciliation of level 3 hierarchy

Opening balance

Movement during the year

  Purchases

  Settlements

Closing balance

Ndzalama Game Reserve
Rm

Richards Bay Coal Terminal 
Rm

 7 

 7 

 368 

 36 

 (35)

 369 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 257

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.1 Carrying amounts and fair value amounts of financial instruments (continued)

Fair value
Rm

Level 1
Rm

 Level 2 
Rm

Level 3
Rm

COMPANY

2010

Financial assets designated as at fair value through profit  
or loss

–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust

 11 

 11 

GROUP

2009

Financial assets held for trading at fair value through profit  
or loss

–  Current derivative financial instruments

Financial assets designated as at fair value through profit or  
loss

–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust

–  Ndzalama Game Reserve

Available-for-sale financial assets

–  Richards Bay Coal Terminal 

Financial liabilities held for trading at fair value through profit 
or loss

–  Non-current derivatives

–  Current derivatives

Financial liabilities designated as at fair value through profit 
or loss

–  Non-current interest-bearing borrowings

–  Current interest-bearing borrowings

Total

Reconciliation of level 3 hierarchy

Opening balance

Movement during the year

Total gains or losses for the period recognised  
in profit or loss

Purchases

Sales

Transfers out of level 3 

Closing balance

 422 

 422 

 51 

 51 

 429 

 422 

 7 

 368 

 368 

 120 

 75 

 45 

 181 

 153 

 28 

 1 149 

 422 

Ndzalama 
Game Reserve
Rm

Richards Bay 
Coal Terminal 
Rm

 6 

1

 7 

 351 

 50 

(33)

 368 

 51 

 51 

 120 

 75 

 45 

 181 

 153 

 28 

 352 

 Igoda 
Rm

 25 

 7 

 7 

 368 

 368 

 375 

 Mafube 
Rm

 5 

 (25)

 (5)

258 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.1 Carrying amounts and fair value amounts of financial instruments (continued)

Fair value
Rm

Level 1
Rm

 Level 2 
Rm

Level 3
Rm

COMPANY

2009

Financial assets held for trading at fair value through profit  
or loss

–  Current derivative financial instruments

 34 

Financial assets designated as at fair value through profit  
or loss

–  Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Trust

 11 

 11 

At  31  December  2010  the  carrying  amounts  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  trade  and  other  receivables  and  trade  and  other 
payables approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities of these assets and liabilities.

Of the financial assets and liabilities as at 31 December 2010 and 2009, the interest-bearing borrowings had their fair values 
determined based on published price quotation in active market. The borrowings’ net present value (NPV) is calculated using the 
nominal annual compounding annually (NACA) rate.

No financial assets and liabilities had their fair value determined using valuation techniques during the year ended 31 December 
2010 or 2009.

For the financial year ended 31 December 2010, the investment in Richards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT) had no active market 
available. RBCT is the largest single export coal terminal in the world and is situated in Richards Bay. It is a 24-hour operation 
shipment/export. Exxaro acquired 8 662 shares (1,20% stake) in RBCT through the merger of the former Eyesizwe (Pty) Limited 
and Kumba Resources Limited which was valued at R2 million on 1 November 2006. Additional 10 000 shares were acquired in 
RBCT on 30 June 2008 for R213 million. These shares were purchased at a price of US$30 million. The 10 000 ordinary shares 
entitle  Exxaro  to  a  1,39%  shareholding  in  RBCT.  The  10  000  shares  also  entitle  Exxaro  to  1Mt  of  export  allocation.  All  the 
shareholders in RBCT acquire equity instruments in order to obtain the right to export coal. The South Dunes Coal Terminal (SDCT) 
also holds an investment in RBCT, of which Exxaro Coal (a 100% subsidiary of Exxaro Resources Limited) holds 33% in SDCT, 
with the effective value of R186 million at 31 December 2010 (2009: R186 million). All this coupled with minor wharfage expenses, 
results in the overall investment in RBCT with a carrying value of R400 million (2009: R401 million). The fair value could not be 
measured reliably because RBCT shares do not form part of an active market as there are no other shares available in South 
Africa. Willing buyers and sellers cannot be found at any time (restricted to a select few) of the same nature (homogenous) and 
prices are not available to the public. Although one could attach a certain set of market influences that significantly affect the value 
of such shares, the volatility of e.g. freight rates would cause the valuation to vary significantly.

The fair value of the financial instruments at initial recognition was determined to be the transaction price. Upon initial recognition 
no differences existed as a result of the fair value upon initial recognition differing to the value of the financial instrument determined 
using a valuation technique.

Subsequent to initial recognition, as the fair value of the investment in RBCT could not be measured reliably, the investment has 
been carried at cost. The carrying value of the investment in RBCT is R400 million (2009: R401 million).

It is not anticipated that the RBCT investments will be disposed of in the near future as the group has no intention to dispose of it.

27.2 Reclassification of financial assets

No reclassification of financial assets occurred during the period.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 259

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

 GROUP

 COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.3 Statement of changes in equity

Included in the statement of “other comprehensive income 
non-owner related movements” are the following pre-tax 
adjustments relating to financial instruments:

–  Effective portion of change in fair value of cash flow hedge

 310 

 (256)

The above amounts are all included in the hedging reserve.

27.4 Risk management

27.4.1

Financial risk management

The  group’s  corporate  treasury  function  (other  than  Exxaro  Australia  Sands  (Pty)  Limited  which  operates  on  a 
decentralised basis but within the approved group policies), provides financial risk management services to the business, 
co-ordinates  access  to  domestic  and  international  financial  markets,  and  monitors  and  manages  the  financial  risks 
relating to the operations of the group through internal risk reports which analyses exposures by degree and magnitude 
of risks. These risks include market risk (including foreign currency risk, interest rate risk, and price risk), credit risk and 
liquidity risk.

The group’s objectives, policies and processes for measuring and managing these risks are detailed below. The group’s 
management of capital is detailed in the report of the directors.

The  group  seeks  to  minimise  the  effects  of  these  risks  by  using  derivative  financial  instruments  to  hedge  these  risk 
exposures. The use of derivative financial instruments is governed by the group’s policies approved by the board of 
directors, which provide written principles on foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, the use of financial 
derivatives and non-derivative financial instruments, and the investment of excess liquidity. Compliance with policies and 
exposure limits is reviewed by the internal auditors on a continuous basis and results are reported to the board audit 
committee.

The group does not enter into or trade financial instruments, including derivative financial instruments, for speculative 
purposes. The group enters into financial instruments to manage and reduce the possible adverse impact on earnings 
and cash flows of changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Compliance with 
policies and exposure limits is reviewed by the internal auditors annually, with the results being reported to the audit 
committee.

27.4.2 Market risk management

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates, commodity prices 
and equity prices will affect the group’s income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments.

The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, 
whilst optimising the return on risk.

The  group’s  activities  expose  it  primarily  to  the  financial  risks  of  changes  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates  (see 
27.4.2.1 below), commodity prices (see 27.5.2.2 below) and interest rates (see 27.4.2.3 below). The group enters into 
a variety of derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate, foreign currency risks and commodity 
price risks, including:
•   forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  (FECs)  and  currency  options  to  hedge  the  exchange  rate  risk  arising  on  the 

export of coal, base metal and mineral sands products as well as imported capital expenditure;

•   forward interest rate contracts to manage interest rate risk;
•   interest rate swaps to manage the risk of rising interest rates; 
•   forward exchange contracts to hedge the commodity prices arising on the export of zinc and lead.

260 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.2 Market risk management (continued)

27.4.2.1

Foreign currency risk management

The group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies, hence exposures to exchange rate 
fluctuations arise. The currency in which transactions are entered into is mainly denominated in US dollars 
(USD), euro, and Australian dollars (AUD). Exchange rate exposures are managed within approved policy 
parameters utilising FECs, currency options and currency swap agreements.

The group maintains a fully covered exchange rate position in respect of foreign currency borrowings and 
imported capital equipment resulting in these exposures being fully converted to rand. Trade-related import 
exposures are managed through the use of economic hedges arising from export revenue as well as through 
FECs. Trade-related export exposures are hedged using FECs and options with specific focus on short-term 
receivables.

Uncovered  foreign  debtors  at  31  December  2010  amount  to  US$114  million  (2009:  US$142  million), 
whereas uncovered cash and cash equivalents amount to US$44 million (2009: US$40 million). All capital 
imports were fully hedged. There were no imports which were not fully hedged during both 2009 and 2009. 
Monetary items have been translated at the closing rate at the last day of the reporting period US$1:R6,60 
(2009: US$1:R7,40).

The FECs which are used to hedge foreign currency exposure mostly have a maturity of less than one year 
from the reporting date. When necessary, FECs are rolled over at maturity.

Pre-tax  unrealised  exchange  losses  amounting  to  Rnil  (2009:  Rnil)  arising  from  the  revaluation  of  Exxaro 
Australia Sands Pty Limited foreign currency loans for which an economic hedge exists through specific 
future export sales revenue, are recognised in equity as hedge accounting has been applied.

The following significant exchange rates applied for both group and company during the year:

2010

USD

Euro

Australian dollar

2009

USD

Euro

Australian dollar

Average 
spot rate

Average 
achieved rate

Closing 
spot rate

7,30

9,68

6,71

8,38

11,81

6,75

7,72

9,94

6,80

8,39

12,25

6,58

6,63

8,83

6,75

7,40

10,64

6,64

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 261

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.2 Market risk management (continued)

27.4.2.1

Foreign currency risk management
Foreign currency
Material FECs and currency options, which relate to specific balance sheet items, that do not form part of 
a  hedging  relationship  or  for  which  hedge  accounting  was  not  applied  at  31  December  2010  and 
31 December 2009, are summarised as follows:

Market-
related
value
Rm

Foreign
amount
million

Contract
value
Rm

Recognised
fair value
profits/
(losses)
Rm

 676 

 101 

 726 

 50 

 164 

 22 

 175 

 11 

GROUP
2010

Exports
United States dollar – FECs
2009

Exports
United States dollar – FECs

Cash flow hedges – foreign currency risk
The group has entered into certain forward exchange contracts, which relate to specific foreign commitments 
not yet due and export earnings for which the proceeds are not yet receivable. Details of the contracts at 
31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009 were as follows:

Market- 
related value
Rm

Foreign 
currency
million

Contract 
value
Rm

Recognised 
fair value 
in equity
Rm

GROUP
2010

Imports
United States Dollar – FECs

Euro – FECs

Less than three months
Three months
Total

Less than three months
Six months
One year
Total

Exports
United States dollar – FECs 

Less than three months
Three months
Six months

United States dollar – Note  
holders’ loan

One year
> three years
Total

10
1
 11 

10
 6 
 23 
 39 

 179 
 106 
 60 

 30 
 407 
 782 

1
1
 2 

1
 1 
 2 
 4 

 27 
 16 
 9 

 5 
 61 
 118 

10
1
 11 

10
 7 
 28 
 45 

 214 
 126 
 64 

 30 
 518 
 952 

 (5)
 (5)

 (35)
 (20)
 (4)

 (111)
 (170)

Note: In respect of an US$83 million (2009: US$60 million) loan liability of Exxaro Australia Sands Pty Limited, 
an economic hedge exists between US$ revenue and US$ borrowings. Accordingly, future sales proceeds 
to be applied to the repayment of US$ borrowings are recorded at the historical exchange rate effective at 
the date of loan draw down.

262 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.2 Market risk management (continued)

27.4.2.1

Foreign currency risk management (continued)

Cash flow hedges – foreign currency risk (continued)

With respect to the above-mentioned cash flow hedges, the future expected cash flows are represented below:

Expected future cash flows

–  United States dollar – FECs

–   United States Dollar – Note holders’ 

loan

Expected gain/(loss) in profit or loss 
(at maturity)

–   United States dollar – FECs

–   Euro – FECs

–   United States dollar – Note holders’ 

loan

GROUP

2009

Imports

United States dollar – FECs

Euro – FECs

Less than three months

Six months

Total

Less than three months

Three months

Total

Exports

United States dollar – Note  
holders’ loan

Less than three months

One year

> three years

Total

2011
Rm

 404 

 (59)

 (6)

 (111)

2012
Rm

>2012
Rm

 Total 
Rm

 30 

 407 

 404 

 437 

 (59)

 (6)

 (111)

 (222)

Market- 
related value
Rm

Foreign 
currency
million

Contract 
value
Rm

Recognised 
fair value 
in equity
Rm

 12 

 2 

 14 

 11 

 2 

 13 

133

 12 

 432 

 577 

 3 

 3 

 1 

 1 

18

 2 

 58 

 78 

 10 

 3 

 13 

 10 

 2 

 12 

135

 12 

 432 

 579 

 1 

 1 

 1 

 1 

 (2)

 (2)

Note: In respect of an US$60 million (2008: US$60 million) loan liability of Exxaro Australia Sands Pty Limited, 
an economic hedge exists between US$ revenue and US$ borrowings. Accordingly, future sales proceeds 
to be applied to the repayment of US$ borrowings are recorded at the historical exchange rate effective at 
the date of loan draw down.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 263

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.2 Market risk management (continued)

27.4.2.1

Foreign currency risk management (continued)

Cash flow hedges – foreign currency risk (continued)

With respect to the above-mentioned cash flow hedges, the future expected cash flows are represented below:

Expected future cash flows

–   United States dollar – FECs

–   Euro – FECs

–   United States dollar – Note holders’ 

loan

Expected gain/(loss) in profit or loss 
(at maturity)

–   United States dollar – FECs

–   Euro – FECs

2010
Rm

 135 

 12 

 (2)

 1 

2011
Rm

>2011
Rm

 12 

 432 

 Total 
Rm

 135 

 12 

 444 

 (2)

 1 

Market- 
related value
Rm

Foreign 
currency
million

Contract 
value
Rm

Recognised 
fair value 
in equity
Rm

COMPANY

2010

Imports

Euro – FECs

Less than three months

Total

 1 

 1 

 1 

 1 

With respect to the above-mentioned cash flow hedges, the future expected cash flows are represented below:

2011
Rm

>2011
Rm

2012
Rm

 1 

Market- 
related value
Rm

Foreign 
currency
million

Contract 
value
Rm

 Total 
Rm

 1 

Recognised 
fair value 
in equity
Rm

Expected future cash flows

Euro – FECs

COMPANY

2009

Imports

–   United States dollar – FECs

Less than three months

Total

 1 

 1 

 1 

 1 

264 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.2 Market risk management (continued)

27.4.2.1

Foreign currency risk management (continued)

Cash flow hedges – foreign currency risk (continued)

With respect to the above-mentioned cash flow hedges, the future expected cash flows are represented below:

Expected future cash flows

–  United States dollar – FECs

Foreign currency sensitivity

2010
Rm

>2011
Rm

2011
Rm

 1 

 Total 
Rm

 1 

The following table includes outstanding foreign currency denominated monetary items and adjusts their 
translation at the period end for a 10% increase in foreign currency rates and details the group and company 
sensitivity thereto. Foreign currency denominated monetary items such as cash balances, trade receivables, 
trade payables and loans have been included in the analysis. A positive number represents a gain whilst a 
negative number represents a loss.

For exports (US$), an increase in the exchange rate of the rand (ZAR) against the dollar (US$) (e.g. FEC taken 
out on exports at R7,94:US$1, with actual rate coming out at R8,73:US$1) represents a weakening of the 
rand against the US dollar, which results in a loss incurred of R0,79. The opposite applies for a decrease in 
the exchange rate.

Profit or loss

Equity

GROUP

United States dollar

Euro

COMPANY

2010
Rm

 179 

 45 

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 167 

 (29)

 (28)

United States dollar

 3 

 17 

For imports (euro), an increase in the exchange rate of the rand (ZAR) against the Euro (e.g. FEC taken out 
on exports at R10,00:€1, with actual rate coming out at R11,00:€1) represents a weakening of the rand 
against  the  euro,  which  results  in  a  gain  incurred  of  R1,00.  The  opposite  applies  for  a  decrease  in  the 
exchange rate. The opposite applies for a decrease in the exchange rate.

A 10% decrease in the rand against each foreign exchange rate would have an equal but opposite effect on 
the above, on the basis that all other variables remain constant.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 265

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.2 Market risk management (continued)

27.4.2.2 Commodity risk management

The group entered into commodity derivatives to hedge certain of its export product exposures, in terms of 
lead and zinc prices. Cash flow price hedges for coal at year-end are insignificant due to limited hedged 
exports and fixed price agreements.

During 2010 , the ineffective portion of the cash flow hedges reported in profit/(loss), amounted to R5 million 
(2009: Rnil). The current price hedges on lead and zinc will mature in December 2011.

As  of  31  December  2010  the  net  fair  value  of  commodity  derivatives  reflected  a  R55  million  loss  (2009: 
R87  million).  The  potential  loss  in  fair  value  for  such  commodity  hedging  derivatives  from  a  hypothetical 
adverse  10%  move  against  Exxaro’s  position  in  commodity  prices  would  be  approximately  R13  million 
(2009: R13 million).

Prices for future purchases and sales of goods and services are generally established on normal commercial 
terms through agents or direct with suppliers and customers. Price hedging is undertaken on a limited scale 
for future zinc sales at Rosh Pinah Zinc Corporation (Pty) Limited and Exxaro Base Metals (Pty) Limited to 
secure operating margins and reduce cash flow volatility. Price hedging is also undertaken for future lead 
sales at Rosh Pinah.

The potential profit or loss in accounting for changes in fair value for such commodity hedging derivatives 
assuming an adverse 10% move in commodity prices is demonstrated below. This analysis assumes that all 
other variables remain constant. The analysis is performed on the same basis for 2009.

Profit or loss

Equity

Lead 

Zinc

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

 (2)

 (11)

2009
Rm

 (2)

 (11)

A 10% positive move against the above commodity prices at 31 December would have had the equal but 
opposite effect on the above derivatives to the amounts shown above, on the basis that all other variables 
remain constant.

Cash flow hedges – commodity risk

The forward hedged position at balance sheet date is shown below:

2010

Recognised transactions

Lead

  Price

  Currency

Zinc

  Price

  Currency

Attributable to:

–  tax

–  non-controlling interests

Market- 
related
value
Rm

Tons

Foreign 
currency
million

Contract
value
Rm

Recog-
nised 
fair value 
in equity
Rm

 5 500 

 26 700 

 92 

 74 

 438 

 281 

 11 

 11 

 55 

 41 

 72 

 105 

 365 

 399 

 885 

 118 

 941 

 (21)

 31 

 (73)

 118 

 21 

 10 

 86 

The above-mentioned hedges mature in 2011, which year the future expected cash flows are expected.

266 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.2 Market risk management (continued)

27.4.2.2 Commodity risk management (continued)

Cash flow hedges – commodity risk (continued)

2009

Recognised transactions

Lead

  Currency

Zinc

  Price

  Currency

Attributable to:

–  tax

–  non-controlling interests

 Market- 
related 
value 
Rm

Tons

 Foreign 
currency 
million

 Contract 
value 
Rm

 Recog-
nised 
fair value 
in equity 
Rm

 10 675 

 53 100 

 138 

 158 

 1 237 

 1 070 

 20 

 20 

 114 

 85 

 186 

 186 

 1 056 

 1 185 

 2 603 

239

2 613

 (48)

 28 

 (181)

 115 

 (18)

 (9)

 (113)

With respect to the above-mentioned hedges, the future expected cash flows are represented below:

2010

2011

2012

 2013 

Total

Expected future cash inflows

Lead

Zinc

27.4.2.3

Interest rate risk management

 162 

 917 

 210 

 931 

 372 

 1 848 

The group is exposed to interest rate risk as it borrows and deposits funds at both fixed and floating interest 
rates  on  the  money  market.  The  risk  is  managed  by  maintaining  an  appropriate  mix  between  fixed  and 
floating  rate  borrowings  taking  into  account  future  interest  rate  expectations.  The  financial  institutions 
chosen are subject to compliance with the relevant regulatory bodies.

The interest rate repricing profile is summarised below:

AT 31 DECEMBER 2010

Term borrowings (under the IFRS 7 scope)

% of total borrowings

AT 31 DECEMBER 2009

Term borrowings (under the IFRS 7 scope)

% of total borrowings 

1 – 6
months
Rm

7 – 12
months
Rm

Beyond
1 year
Rm

Total
borrowings
Rm

 3 706 

 85 

 3 790 

 85 

 654 

 15 

 704 

 15 

 4 360 

100

 4 494 

 100 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 267

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.2 Market risk management (continued)

27.4.2.3

Interest rate risk management (continued)

The group makes use of interest rate derivatives to hedge specific exposures in the interest rate repricing 
profile of existing borrowings. The value of borrowings hedged by interest rate derivatives, the instruments 
used and the respective rates applicable to these contracts are as follows:

Borrowings
hedged
Rm

Floating
interest
payable
%

Floating
interest
receivable
%

Fixed
interest
payable
%

Fixed
interest
receivable
%

Recog-
nised
fair value
gain/(loss)
%

At 31 December 20091

Local

Interest rate derivatives 
beyond one year:

–  Interest rate swaps

675

3 month 
Jibar

11,1

(13)

1 The interest rate swap ceased at the end of November 2010.

The  following  table  reflects  the  potential  impact  on  earnings,  given  a  movement  in  interest  rates  of 
50 basis points:

Profit/(loss) 

27.4.3

Liquidity risk management

Increase of 50 basis points  
in interest rate

Decrease of 50 basis points  
in interest rate

2010
Rm

 (18)

2009
Rm

 (18)

2010
Rm

 18 

2009
Rm

 18 

Liquidity  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  group  will  not  be  able  to  meet  its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due.  The  group’s 
approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its 
liabilities when due, under normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to 
the group’s reputation.

The ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the board of directors, which has built an appropriate 
liquidity  risk  management  framework  for  the  management  of  the  group’s  short,  medium  and  long-term  funding  and 
liquidity management requirements.

The group manages liquidity risk by monitoring forecast cash flows in compliance with loan covenants and ensuring that 
adequate  unutilised  borrowing  facilities  are  maintained.  The  group  aims  to  cover  at  least  its  net  debt  requirements 
through long-term borrowing facilities.

Financial guarantee liabilities are initially recognised at their fair value, and the initial fair value is amortised over the life of 
the financial guarantee. The guarantee liability is subsequently carried at the higher of this amortised amount and the 
present value of any expected payment if a payment under the guarantee has become probable.

Financial guarantees are included within other liabilities.

268 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.3

Liquidity risk management (continued)

Borrowing capacity is determined by the directors in terms of the articles of association, from time to time:

Amount approved

Total borrowings

Unutilised borrowing capacity

 GROUP

2010
Rm

 21 850 

 4 360 

 17 490 

2009
Rm

 16 136 

 4 754 

 11 382 

The group’s capital base, the borrowing powers of the company and the group were set at 125% of shareholders’ funds 
for both the 2010 and 2009 financial years. 

Standard payment terms for the majority of trade payables is the end of the month following the month in which the 
goods  are  received  or  services  are  performed.  A  number  of  trade  payables  do  however  have  shorter  contracted 
payment periods.

To  avoid  incurring  interest  on  late  payments,  financial  risk  management  policies  and  procedures  are  entrenched  to 
ensure the timeous matching of orders placed with goods received notes or services acceptances and invoices.

Maturity profile of financial instruments

The following table details the group’s contractual maturities of financial liabilities:

Maturity

Carrying 
amount
Rm

Contrac-
tual 
cash flows
Rm

0 – 12 
months
Rm

1 – 2 
years
Rm

2 – 5 
years
Rm

More 
than 5 
years
Rm

 367 

 277 

 7 

 113 

 31 

 62 

 61 

 19 

 10 

 448 

 163 

 3 

 133 

 2 

 1 099 

 17 

 594 

 2 564 

 285 

 594 

 10 

 2 564 

 42 

 285 

 5 

GROUP

2010

Financial assets

Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation 
Trust asset

Richards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT)

Ndzalama Game Reserve

Derivative financial instruments

Long-term receivables

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Percentage profile (%)

Financial liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings 

Trade and other payables 

Derivative financial instruments 

Percentage profile (%)

Derivative financial liabilities  
(Included in the above)

Foreign exchange forward contracts 
used for hedging

–  Sell (rands inflow)

Other forward exchange contracts

–  Buy (rands outflow)

 542 

 369 

 7 

 192 

 477 

 2 734 

 2 140 

 6 461 

 100 

 4 093 

 1 997 

 10 

 6 100 

 100 

 726 

 56 

 542 

 369 

 7 

 192 

 477 

 2 734 

 2 140 

 6 461 

 100 

 4 093 

 1 997 

 10 

 6 100 

 100 

 192 

 2 734 

 2 140 

 5 066 

 78 

 650 

 1 997 

 10 

 2 657 

 44 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 269

 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.3

Liquidity risk management (continued)

Maturity profile of financial instruments (continued)

Maturity

Carrying 
amount
Rm

Contrac-
tual 
cash flows
Rm

0 – 12 
months
Rm

1 – 2 
years
Rm

2 – 5 
years
Rm

GROUP

2009

Financial assets

–   Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation 

Trust asset

–   Richards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT)

–   Ndzalama Game Reserve

–   Long-term receivables 

 439 

 368 

 7 

 420 

 439 

 368 

 7 

 420 

–   Trade and other receivables

 2 673 

 2 673 

 2 673 

 11 

 33 

 108 

 99 

 7 

More 
than 5 
years
Rm

 320 

 235 

 420 

–   Derivative financial instruments

–   Cash and cash equivalents

Percentage profile (%)

Financial liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings 

Trade and other payables 

Derivative financial instruments

 51 

 1 023 

 4 981 

 100 

 4 494 

 2 385 

 120 

 51 

 1 023 

 4 981 

 100 

 4 494 

 2 385 

 120 

 51 

 1 023 

 3 747 

 75 

 407 

 2 385 

 45 

 6 999 

 6 999 

 2 837 

Percentage profile (%)

 100 

 100 

40

 44 

1

 214 

4

 975 

 20 

 742 

 3 345 

 75 

 817 

12

 3 345 

48

Derivative financial liabilities  
(Included in the above)

Foreign exchange forward contracts 
used for hedging

–  Sell

Other forward exchange contracts

–  Buy

 175 

 24 

270 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.3

Liquidity risk management (continued)

Maturity profile of financial instruments (continued)

Maturity

Carrying 
amount
Rm

Contrac-
tual 
cash flows
Rm

0 – 12 
months
Rm

1 – 2 
years
Rm

2 – 5 
years
Rm

 12 

 12 

 10 778 

 10 778 

 10 778 

 1 229 

 1 229 

 1 229 

 12 019 

 12 019 

 12 007 

 100 

 100 

 99 

 12

 12

 3 135 

 3 135 

 190 

 190 

 3 325 

 3 325 

 100 

 100 

 417 

 190 

 607 

 18 

 617 

 2 101

 617 

 2 101

19

63

COMPANY

2010

Financial assets

Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation 
Trust asset

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Percentage profile (%)

Financial liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings 

Trade and other payables 

Percentage profile (%)

Derivative financial liabilities  
(Included in the above)

Foreign exchange forward contracts 
used for hedging

–  Buy

 1 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 271

 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.3

Liquidity risk management (continued)

Maturity profile of financial instruments (continued)

COMPANY

2009

Financial assets

Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation 
Trust asset

Trade and other receivables

Derivative financial instruments 

Intercompany loan debits 

Cash and cash equivalents

Maturity

Carrying 
amount
Rm

Contrac-
tual 
cash flows
Rm

0 – 12 
months
Rm

1 – 2 
years
Rm

2 – 5 
years
Rm

 11 

 11 

 11 

 10 402 

 10 402 

 10 402 

 34 

 34 

 34 

343

343

 343 

 10 790 

 10 790 

 10 779 

 11 

Percentage profile (%) 

 100 

 100 

 100 

Financial liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings 

Trade and other payables 

Derivative financial instruments 

Percentage profile (%)

Derivative financial liabilities  
(Included in the above)

Foreign exchange forward contracts 
used for hedging

 3 697 

 3 697 

 301 

 32 

 301 

 32 

 4 030 

 4 030 

 100 

 100 

 362 

 301 

 32 

 695 

 17 

 619 

 2 716 

 619 

 16 

 2 716 

 67 

–  Buy

 1 

272 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.4

Credit risk management

Credit risk relates to potential default by counterparties on cash and cash equivalents, investments, trade receivables 
and hedged positions. The group limits its counterparty exposure arising from money market and derivative instruments 
by only dealing with well-established financial institutions of high credit standing. The group exposure and the credit 
ratings of its counterparties are continuously monitored and the aggregate value of transactions concluded are spread 
amongst approved counterparties. Credit exposure is controlled by counterparty limits that are reviewed and approved 
by the board annually.

Trade receivables consist of a number of customers with whom Exxaro has long-standing relationships. A high portion 
of term supply arrangements exists with such clients resulting in limited credit exposure which exposure, where dictated 
by  customer  credit  worthiness  or  country  risk  assessment,  is  further  mitigated  through  a  combination  of  confirmed 
letters of credit and credit risk insurance.

Exxaro establishes an allowance for non-recoverability or impairment that represents its estimate of incurred losses in 
respect of trade and other receivables and investments. The main components of this allowance are a specific loss 
component that relates to individually significant exposures, and a collective loss component established for groups of 
similar assets in respect of losses that have historical data of payment statistics for similar financial assets.

At the reporting date, the amount of change in the fair value of financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit 
or loss, attributable to credit risk is as follows:

Cumulative

Current financial year

Exposure to credit risk

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

 (2)

2009
Rm

 (2)

 (8)

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. None of the financial instruments 
below was held as collateral for any security provided.

The maximum exposure to credit risk at both reporting dates was equal to the carrying value of financial assets for both 
group and company.

Detail of the trade receivables credit risk exposure:

By industry

Manufacturing (including structural metal and steel)

Public utilities

Other

By geographical area

South Africa

Asia

Europe

USA

Other

 GROUP

2010
%

 24 

 31 

 45 

 100 

 50 

 9 

 20 

 20 

 1 

2009
%

 25 

 32 

 43 

 100 

 41 

 9 

 21 

 15 

 14 

 100 

 100 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 273

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.4

Credit risk management (continued)

Exposure to credit risk (continued)

The group does not have any significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or any group of counterparties 
having similar characteristics. 

Financial guarantees are contracts that require the group to make specified payments to reimburse the holder for a loss 
it incurs because a specified debtor fails to make payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument.

Guarantee provided by banks to secure financing 

The carrying amount of the financial assets at 
reporting date was:

Neither past due nor impaired

–   trade and other receivables

–   other financial assets

–   derivative financial instruments

–   non-current assets held for sale

–   cash and cash equivalents

Past due or impaired

–   trade and other receivables

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 6 457 

 2 729 

 1 375 

 192 

 21 

 4 978 

 2 670 

 1 217 

 51 

 17 

 12 019 

 10 779 

 11 

 – 

 10 791 

 10 402 

 12 

 34 

 2 140 

 1 023 

 1 229 

 343 

 45 

 234 

 3 293 

 3 289 

Total financial assets

 6 502 

 5 212 

 15 312 

 14 080 

The group strives to enter into sales contracts with clients which stipulate the required payment terms. It is expected of 
each customer that these payment terms are adhered to. Where trade receivables balances become past  due, the 
normal recovery procedures are followed to recover the debt, where applicable new payment terms may be arranged 
to ensure that the debt is fully recovered. Therefore the credit quality of the above assets deemed to be neither past due 
nor impaired is considered to be within industry norm.

There were no financial assets with renegotiated terms during the 2010 or 2009 reporting periods.

274 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.4

Credit risk management (continued)

Exposure to credit risk (continued)

Trade and other receivables age analysis

Past due but not impaired

One – 30 days overdue

61 – 90 days overdue

Total carrying amount of financial instruments 
past due but not impaired

Past due and impaired

Total carrying amount of financial instruments 
past due and impaired

Total carrying amount of financial instruments 
past due or impaired

GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 5 

 5 

 40 

 40 

 45 

 1 

 1 

 2 

 233 

 3 293 

 3 289 

 233 

 3 293 

 3 289 

 235 

 3 293 

 3 289 

Before the financial instruments can be impaired, they are evaluated for the possibility of any recovery as well as the 
length of time at which the debt has been long outstanding.

No collateral was held by the Exxaro group as security and other enhancement over the financial assets during the years 
ended 31 December 2010 or 2009.

Loans and receivables designated at fair value through profit or loss

The group had no loans and receivables designated as at fair value through profit or loss during the period. 

Collateral

The group may require collateral in respect of the credit risk on derivative transactions with a third party. The amount of 
credit risk is the positive fair value of the contract. Collateral may be in the form of cash or in the form of a lien over a 
debtor’s assets, entitling the group to make a claim for current and future liabilities.

The group is also exposed to a situation where a third party may require collateral with respect to the transaction with 
that third party.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 275

 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

27. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

27.4 Risk management (continued)

27.4.4

Credit risk management (continued)

The carrying value of financial assets that may be repledged or resold by counterparties are as follows:

Collateral (continued)

GROUP

COMPANY

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

 44 

 61 

 105 

2009
Rm

 41 

 45 

 86 

These  transactions  are  conducted  under  terms  that  are  usual  and  customary  to  standard  lending  and  borrowing 
activities.

No financial assets were repledged during the year under review for collateral purposes.

Guarantees

The group did not during the period obtain financial or non-financial assets by taking possession of collateral it holds as 
security or calling on guarantees. 

There were no guarantees provided by banks to secure financing during the financial years ended 31 December 2010 
or 2009. For all other guarantees, refer to note 31 on contingent liabilities.

27.4.5 Other price risks

The group is exposed to equity price risks arising from equity investments. Equity investments are held for strategic 
rather than trading purposes. The group does not actively trade these investments.

28. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

During the year the company and its subsidiaries, in the ordinary course of business, entered into various sale and purchase transactions 
with associates and joint ventures. These transactions occurred under terms that are not more or less favourable than those arranged 
with third parties.

Associates and joint ventures

Details of investments in associates and joint ventures are disclosed in note 14 and annexure 2 whilst income is disclosed in note 14. 
There were no finance costs or expenses in respect of bad debts or doubtful debts incurred with regard to the joint ventures or the 
associates during the financial years ended 31 December 2010 or 2009.

Items of income and expense incurred during the year  
are as follows:

–  Group sales of goods

–  Group purchases of goods and services 

The outstanding balances at year-end are as follows:

–  included in trade and other receivables (refer note 18)

–  included in trade and other payables (refer note 24)

–  included in cash and cash equivalents

–  included in financial assets

2010

2009

Joint 
ventures
Rm

Associates
Rm

Joint 
ventures
Rm

Associates
Rm

 53 

 344 

 3 

 10 

 24 

 582 

 7 

 89 

 224 

 156 

 10 

 311 

 38 

 79 

 223 

 162 

 48 

 164 

 1 

 28 

During both years under review, there was no provision raised for doubtful debts related to the outstanding balances above. 

276 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

28. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (continued)

Subsidiaries

Details of income from, and investments in subsidiaries are disclosed in notes 6 and 15 respectively, as well as in annexure 3.

Corporate service fee from subsidiaries

The  following  significant  service  level  commitment  fees  and  corporate  service  fees  were  received  by  Exxaro  Resources  Limited  for 
essential services rendered:

Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited

Exxaro Base Metals (Pty) Limited

Exxaro Sands (Pty) Limited

Special purpose entities

2010
Rm

764

143

152

2009
Rm

708

139

152

The group has an interest in the following special purpose entities which are consolidated unless otherwise indicated:

Entity

Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Fund

Nature of business

Trust fund for mine closure

Exxaro Employee Empowerment Participation Scheme Trust

Employee share incentive trust

Exxaro Foundation

Exxaro Chairman’s Fund

Local social economic development1

Local social economic development1

Exxaro People Development Initiative

Local social economic development – bridging classes1

Kumba Resources Management Share Trust

Management share incentive trust

Mafube Coal Mining (Pty) Limited

1 Non-profit organisations.

Directors

Trust fund for mine closure

Details  relating  to  directors’  emoluments  and  shareholdings  (including  options)  in  the  company  are  disclosed  in  the  Directors’ 
remuneration report.

Senior employees

Details relating to option and share transactions are disclosed in note 30.

Key management personnel

For Exxaro Resources Limited other than the executive and non-executive directors, no other key management personnel were identified. 
Refer to page 192 for details on directors’ remuneration.

For the group, for 2010 and 2009, the executive committee has been identified as being key management personnel. 

Short-term employee benefits

Share-based payments – related expense

Total compensation paid to key management personnel

Shareholders

2010
Rm

 35 

 21 

 56 

2009
Rm

 34 

 7 

 41 

The principal shareholders of the company at 31 December 2010 are detailed in the “Analysis of Shareholders” schedule on page 168 of 
the annual report.

Contingent liabilities

Details are disclosed in note 31.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 277

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

29. OPERATING SEGMENTS

Information regarding the group’s reportable segments is presented below. Amounts reported for the prior year have been restated to 
conform to the requirements of IFRS 8.

Analysis of the group’s profit or losses and assets and liabilities by reportable segment:

Segment profit or loss

Segment revenue

Total revenue

Inter-segmental

External

Segment net operating profit/(loss)

Interest income (external)

Interest expense

Interest adjustment on non-current provisions (refer note 22)

Depreciation and amortisation of intangible assets

Impairment charge and reversals

Income tax expense/(income)

Other non-cash flow items not disclosed above

Cash inflow from operations

Cash generated by operations

Income/(loss) from equity accounted investments

Capital expenditure

Segment assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets

Investments in associates (equity accounted)

External assets (excluding deferred tax and investments in equity 
accounted associates and joint ventures)

Total assets

Liabilities (external)

Deferred tax liabilities

Current tax payable

Total liabilities

Additions in non-current assets1

Coal

Tied operations

Commercial  
operations

KZN Sands

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 2 952 

 2 681 

 7 563 

 7 050 

 1 288 

 705 

 2 952 

 2 681 

 7 563 

 7 050 

 1 288 

 705 

 75 

 2 504 

 1 830 

 (66)

 (1 447)

 186 

 2 

 32 

 39 

 135 

18

 243 

 206 

 44 

 22 

 121 

 569 

 556 

21

 2 

 (60)

 42 

 (42)

 22 

 139 

 177 

 67 

 31 

 61 

 4 

 70 

 8 

 3 

 50 

 (7)

 467 

 249 

 171 

 478 

 185 

 3 094 

 2 482 

 2 999 

 1 943 

 1 435 

 358 

 29 

 188 

 (311)

 3 

(44)

 150 

 251 

 1 740 

 924 

 52 

 87 

 48 

 22 

 100 

 179 

 1 333 

 1 333 

 629 

 121 

 16 

 766 

 623 

 623 

 816 

 9 792 

 8 566 

 2 741 

 1 943 

 9 840 

 8 588 

 2 841 

 2 122 

 2 487 

 1 606 

 533 

 426 

 60 

 1 135 

 5 

 132 

 899 

 20 

 881 

 3 754 

 2 525 

 1 741 

 2 006 

 533 

 52 

 426 

 87 

1  Excluding financial instruments, deferred tax, post-employment benefit assets and rights under insurance contracts.

The group relies on two of its major customers for its revenue from the tied coal operations, commercial coal operations, base metals 
Zincor and “Other” reportable segments. The group has revenues from two external customers which account for at least 10% or more 
individually to the group’s revenues (15% and 28% (2009:15% and 31%)). The total amount of revenue from these two customers was 
R2 538 million and R4 754 million respectively (2009: R2 249 million and R4 643 million respectively).

278 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mineral sands

Base metals

Other 

Total

Namakwa Sands

Australia Sands

Rosh  
Pinah

Zincor

Other base metals

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 1 801 

 1 334 

 1 551 

 1 469 

 1 801 

 1 334 

 1 551 

 1 469 

 107 

 (110)

 138 

 2 

 3 

 3 

 (3)

 3 

 43 

 9 

 (2)

 4 

 48 

 10 

 674 

 (485)

 189 

 143 

 4 

 1 

(1)

 166 

 147 

 186 

 161 

 52 

 (30)

 (13)

 307 

 667 

 (71)

 66 

 103 

 (87)

 (24)

31

 298 

 109 

 23 

 182 

 260 

 43 

 19 

 216 

 167 

 (397)

 169 

 105 

 5 

 7 

 12 

 55 

 22 

 43 

 203 

 188 

 566 

 1 113 

 1 016 

 213 

 188 

 17 155 

 15 009 

 485 

 397 

 1 598 

 1 413 

 (171)

 (47)

 (85)

 (66)

 5 

 25 

 58 

 (62)

 (2)

 (115)

 (191)

 1 

 1 

 18 

 53 

 (9)

 5 

 11 

 (35)

 5 

 26 

 3 

 (58)

 (58)

 93 

 213 

 (120)

 71 

 255 

 2 

 56 

 (22)

 41 

 23 

 (62)

 (44)

 188 

 17 155 

 15 009 

 (34)

 60 

 389 

 4 

 2 636 

 135 

 391 

 199 

 304 

 145 

 526 

 34 

 39 

 1 380 

 1 136 

 4 

 1 435 

 665 

53 

 766 

 413 

 4 073 

 3 288 

 4 106 

 2 117 

 37 

 40 

 45 

 52 

(1)

 1 

 (7)

 (65)

 (70)

 136 

 3 624 

 1 762 

 3 717 

 1 898 

 217 

 182 

 424 

 557 

 76 

 69 

 96 

 69 

 1 

 72 

 93 

 2 677 

 1 982 

 55 

 58 

 (15)

 (82)

 136 

 83 

 3 273 

 3 415 

 3 021 

 3 453 

 3 328 

 3 473 

 3 006 

 3 371 

 369 

 299 

 1 355 

 1 229 

 369 

 217 

 299 

 182 

 1 355 

 1 229 

 424 

 557 

 620 

 620 

 161 

 87 

 1 

 249 

 76 

 473 

 473 

 183 

 64 

 247 

 69 

 1 208 

 1 110 

 1 344 

 1 193 

 574 

 563 

 16 

 579 

 69 

 574 

 96 

 60 

 369 

 40 

 469 

 6 

 1 

 7 

 38 

 342 

 331 

 726 

 629 

 292 

 3 511 

 1 674 

 3 880 

 1 966 

 65 

 1 975 

 986 

 24 003 

 20 634 

 395 

 5 828 

 2 991 

 28 609 

 23 229 

 41 

 (39)

 4 

 6 

 1 

 3 581 

 4 105 

 9 695 

 9 268 

 10 

 (3)

 11 

 12 

 1 353 

 147 

 995 

 57 

 3 588 

 4 128 

 11 195 

 10 320 

 129 

 119 

 2 735 

 3 090 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 279

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

29. OPERATING SEGMENTS (continued)

Information about geographical areas

Sourced from country of domicile

–  South Africa

Sourced from foreign countries

–  Rest of Africa

–  Europe

–  Asia 

–  Australia

–  Other

Total segment

External revenue

Carrying amount of  
non-current assets1

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

 9 908 

 9 279 

 14 454 

 12 532 

 2 

 4 046 

 1 151 

 1 000 

 1 048 

 17 155 

 4 

 3 445 

 886 

 31 

 1 364 

 15 009 

 308 

 335 

 78 

 2 499 

 55 

 1 079 

17 339

14 001

1  Excluding financial instruments, deferred tax, post-employment benefit assets and rights under insurance contracts.

No asymmetrical (irregular) allocations to reportable segments occurred during the periods under review. There were no material changes 
in total assets disclosed from the last annual financial statements.

Total  segment  revenue,  which  excludes  value  added  tax,  represents  the  gross  value  of  goods  invoiced.  Export  revenue  is  recorded 
according to the relevant sales terms, when the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred. The group uses the basis of significant 
marketing regions to allocate external revenues to the individual countries.

Total segment revenue further includes operating revenues directly and reasonably allocable to the segments. These sales are made on 
a commercial basis.

Segment net operating profit equals segment revenue less segment expenses and includes impairment charges and goodwill amortisation. 
Segment expenses represent direct or reasonably allocable operating expenses on a segment basis.

Segment assets and liabilities include directly and reasonably allocable operating assets and liabilities. This information is not regularly 
provided to the chief decision maker.

There were no differences in the way segment profit or loss is measured in comparison to the previous annual period or between the 
reportable segments’ profits or losses and the group’s profit or loss.

280 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Retirement funds

Independent funds provide retirement and other benefits for all permanent employees, retired employees, and their dependants. At the 
end of the financial year, the main defined contribution retirement funds to which Exxaro was a participating employer, were as follows:
•   Exxaro Selector Pension Fund and Exxaro Selector Provident Fund;
•   Iscor Employees’ Provident Fund;
•   Mine Workers Provident Fund;
•   Namakwa Sands Employees Provident Fund; and
•   Sentinel Mining Industry Retirement Fund.

In compliance with the Pension Funds Act after the unbundling of Kumba Iron Ore Limited, Sishen Iron Ore Company employees were 
transferred to the newly created Kumba Iron Ore Selector Pension and Provident Fund after all regulatory approvals had been obtained.

Members generally pay a contribution of 7%, with the employer’s contribution of 10% in general to the above funds, being expensed 
as incurred.

All funds registered in the Republic of South Africa are governed by the South African Pension Funds Act of 1956 (the Act). 

Defined contribution funds

Membership of each fund at 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009 and employer contributions to each fund were as follows: 

GROUP

Exxaro Selector Funds

Iscor Employees’ Provident Fund

Mine Workers Provident Fund

Namakwa Sands Employees Provident Fund

Sentinel Mining Industry Retirement Fund

Other funds

COMPANY

Exxaro Selector Funds

Iscor Employees’ Provident Fund

Sentinel Mining Industry Retirement Fund

Working
members1
2010
Number

Working
members1
2009
Number

Employer
 contri-
butions
2010
Rm

Employer
 contri-
butions
2009
Rm

 2 473 

 3 038 

 986 

 1 840 

 1 111 

 992 

 2 516 

 3 625 

 893 

 1 906 

 1 177 

 421 

 75 

 33 

 14 

 13 

 32 

 18 

 66 

 37 

 12 

 15 

 31 

 8 

 10 440 

 10 538 

 185 

 169 

 643 

 85 

 42 

 770 

 702 

 131 

 38 

 871 

 27 

 1 

 3 

 31 

 25 

 1 

 2 

 28 

1  Working members who are contributing members to an accredited retirement fund.

Due to the nature of these funds the accrued liabilities by definition equate to the total assets under control of these funds.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 281

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Defined benefit funds

Exxaro previously disclosed its interest as a participating employer in the closed defined benefit funds namely the Mittal Steel South Africa 
Pension funds and Iscor Retirement Fund. Such interest was disclosed while final confirmation was awaited on either the approval by the 
Registrar  of  Pension  Funds  of  the  scheme  for  the  apportionment  of  an  existing  surplus,  or  the  permission  to  not  submit  a  surplus 
apportionment scheme in terms of section 15B of the Act. Both such final confirmations were received in 2007.

The group has a defined benefit obligation for the provision of severance benefits to employees of the Rosh Pinah operation in accordance 
with Namibian law. As the severance benefits are only payable on retirement or the involuntary termination of services from the side of the 
employer, this is accounted for as a post-retirement service obligation. This plan is a defined benefit obligation. No other post-retirement 
benefits are provided to these employees.

The most recent actuarial valuations of the present value of the defined benefit obligation were carried out at 31 December 2009 by 
Alexander Forbes. The present value of the defined obligation, and the related current service cost and past service cost, were measured 
using the projected unit credit method.

The principal assumptions used for the purposes of the actuarial valuations were as follows:

Discount rate

Inflation rate

Salary increase rate

Amounts recognised in profit or loss in respect of the defined benefit plan were as follows:

Current service cost

Interest on obligation

The expense for the year is included in the employee benefits expense in the income statement.

Reconciliation of the opening and closing balances of the present value of the defined obligation:

Defined benefit obligation at beginning of year

Plus: Current service cost

Plus: Interest cost

Defined benefit obligation at end of year

Refer note 22 for detail on liability.

Determination of estimated post-retirement expense for the next financial year:

Current service cost

Interest cost

Expense

2010
%

 7,50 

 4,00 

 5,50 

2010
Rm

1

1

2

3

1

1

5

2011
Rm

1

1

2

2009
%

 7,50 

 4,00 

 5,50 

2009
Rm

3

3

3

3

2010
Rm

1

1

2

282 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Medical funds

The group and company contribute to defined benefit medical aid schemes for the benefit of permanent employees and their dependants 
who choose to belong to one of a number of employer accredited schemes. The contributions charged against income amounted to 
R92 million (2009: R75 million). Exxaro has a post-retirement medical obligation to a limited number of in-service and retired employees 
belonging to two medical schemes for which an actuarially determined liability has been raised. Exxaro Coal Mpumalanga’s contribution 
to the post-retirement medical aid obligation for the year ended 31 December 2010 amounted to R2 million (2009: R1 million).

The post-retirement liability of Namakwa Sands is of a defined benefit nature, and consists of an implicit promise to pay a portion of 
members’ post-retirement medical aid contributions. This liability is also generated in respect of dependants who are offered continued 
membership of the medical aid on the death of the primary member, either pre- or post-retirement. This benefit, which is no longer offered, 
applied to employees employed prior to 2001 by Namakwa Sands.

The obligation represents a present value amount, which is actuarially valued on an annual basis. Any surplus or deficit arising from the 
valuation is recognised in the income statement. The provision is expected to be utilised over the expected lives of the participants of 
scheme.

Equity compensation benefits

The shareholders of Kumba Resources Limited (Kumba Resources) approved on 2 November 2006 an empowerment transaction which 
in essence entailed the unbundling of Kumba’s Iron Ore business. Kumba Iron Ore Limited (Kumba Iron Ore) which listed on 20 November 
2006, owned 74% of Sishen Iron Ore Company (Pty) Limited (Sishen Iron Ore) in December 2006. Kumba Resources was renamed 
Exxaro Resources Limited (Exxaro) on 27 November 2006.

As Sishen Iron Ore was a wholly owned subsidiary of Kumba Resources before the unbundling of Kumba Iron Ore, senior employees and 
directors of Sishen Iron Ore were eligible to participate in the Kumba Resources management share incentive plans.

In order to place, as far as possible, all participants in the Kumba Resources Management Share Option Scheme in the position they 
would have been in if they were shareholders of Kumba Resources at the time of the implementation of the empowerment transaction, 
the schemes continued in Exxaro and in Kumba Iron Ore, subject to certain amendments that were made to the Kumba Resources 
Management Share Option Plan.

Kumba Resources operated the Kumba Management Deferred Purchase Share Scheme and the Kumba Management Share Option 
Scheme for senior employees and executive directors of Kumba Resources.

The Kumba Management Deferred Purchase Share Scheme consisted of a combination of an option scheme, a purchase scheme 
and a deferred purchase scheme and governed to maturity the share scheme rights and obligations of employees which were in existence 
at the time of transfer of the employees from Iscor to Kumba Resources on unbundling of Kumba Resources effective July 2001.

Participants of the Exxaro and Kumba Iron Ore Management Deferred Purchase schemes who have been granted deferred purchase 
shares  received  an  Exxaro  share  and  a  Kumba  Iron  Ore  share  for  every  deferred  purchase  share  held  under  the  original  purchase 
agreement.

Shares  and/or  options  held  in  terms  of  Kumba  Management  Deferred  Purchase  Share  Scheme  are  released  in  five  equal  tranches 
commencing on the second anniversary of an offer date and expire on the ninth anniversary of an offer date.

The Kumba Management Share Option Scheme consists of the granting of options in respect of ordinary Kumba Resources shares, 
at market value, to eligible participants.

Options granted in terms of the Kumba Management Share Option Scheme can be exercised over five years commencing on the first 
anniversary of the offer date. If the options are accepted by participants, the vesting periods, unless decided otherwise by the directors, 
are as follows:
•   10% after first anniversary of offer date;
•   additional 20% after second anniversary of offer date;
•   additional 20% after third anniversary of offer date;
•   additional 25% after fourth anniversary of offer date; and
•   additional 25% after fifth anniversary of offer date.

The options not exercised lapse by the seventh anniversary of the offer date.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 283

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

Participants of the Exxaro and Kumba Iron Ore Management Share Option schemes exchanged each of their Kumba Resources options 
for an Exxaro option and a Kumba Iron Ore option. The strike price of each Kumba Resources option was apportioned between the 
Exxaro option and the Kumba Iron Ore option with reference to the volume weighted average price (VWAP) at which Exxaro and Kumba 
Iron Ore traded for the first 22 days post the implementation of the empowerment transaction. The VWAP was calculated as 32,81% for 
Exxaro and 67,19% for Kumba Iron Ore.

The Exxaro employees’ options in the Kumba Management Share Option schemes are released on the dates that the original options 
would have vested.

Their options relating to Kumba Iron Ore were released on the earlier of:
•   the date that the original options would have vested; or
•   24 months from the date of unbundling (20 November 2006).

The Kumba Iron Ore options held by Exxaro employees were all exercised during 2010 before the official lapse date of 20 May 2010.

The same periods apply to Kumba Iron Ore employees’ options in Exxaro.

According  to  the  rules  of  the  Long-term  Incentive  Plan  (LTIP)  executive  directors  and  certain  senior  employees  of  Exxaro  and  its 
subsidiaries  are  awarded  rights  to  a  number  of  ordinary  Exxaro  shares.  The  vesting  of  the  LTIP  awards  are  conditional  upon  the 
achievement of group performance levels (established by the transformation, remuneration, human resources and nominations committee 
of the board) over a performance period of three years.

The extent to which the performance conditions are met governs the number of shares that vest. The performance conditions set for the 
initial grant were as follows:
•   the  total  shareholder  return  (TSR)  condition:  the  Exxaro  TSR  will  be  compared  to  the  TSR  of  a  peer  group  over  the  three-year 

performance period, averaged over a six-month period. The peer group comprises of at least 16 members.

•   the return on capital employed (ROCE) condition: the ROCE measure is a return on capital employed measure with a number of relevant 

adjustments.

Targets are set by the committee based on existing ROCE performance in the base year of an LTIP award and planned ROCE performance 
in the final year of the LTIP performance period.

According  to  the  Deferred  Bonus  Plan  (DBP)  rules,  executive  directors  and  certain  senior  employees  of  Kumba  Resources  and  its 
subsidiaries have the opportunity to acquire shares (pledged shares) on the open market with 50% of the after-tax component of their 
annual short term incentives. After the pledged shares have been acquired, the shares are held by an escrow agent for the absolute 
benefit of the participant for a pledge period of three years.

A participant may at its election dispose of and withdraw the pledged shares from escrow at any stage. However, if the pledged shares 
are withdrawn from escrow, before the expiry of the pledge period, the participant forfeits the matching award.

The participant will qualify for a matching award at the end of the pledge period on condition that the participant is still employed and the 
pledged shares are still in escrow. The matching award entitles a participant to a number of shares equal in value to the pledged shares. 
Upon vesting, the pledged shares and the matching award are transferred and released to the participant and rank pari passu in all 
respects with the existing issued shares of Exxaro.

The company may settle the matching award by issuing new shares or alternatively, instruct any third party to acquire and deliver the 
shares to the participant.

The LTIP and DBP initiatives that existed in Kumba Resources Limited prior to the creation of Exxaro in November 2006 were collapsed 
and  subsequently  replaced  by  similar  initiatives  in  Exxaro.  The  extent  to  which  the  conditions  were  satisfied  up  to  the  date  of  the 
unbundling, determined the number of shares deemed to vest for each participant.

284 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

After the collapse of Kumba Resources’ LTIP and DBP schemes, Exxaro Resources awarded and will in future award rights in accordance 
to the rules of the new schemes.

As a result of restrictions related to the empowerment transaction of Kumba Resources, certain executives and senior managers who 
participated in the Kumba Resources Management Share Option Scheme were not able to receive certain grants of options which would 
normally have been made in the ordinary course of operations. The human resources and remuneration committee of Kumba Resources 
consequently awarded “phantom options” to the affected participants within the following framework:
•   awards of “phantom options” were made, with the grant price, vesting dates, and lapse periods set to be the same as those of the 

options awardable;

•   on exercise, the participants are paid (in cash) the difference between the market price (volume weighted average price on the day 

preceding exercise) and the grant price;

•   all other rules and arrangements in respect of the amended Kumba Resources Management Share Option Scheme were replicated for 

the Kumba Resources Phantom Share Option Scheme;

•   the Kumba Resources Phantom Share Option Scheme was replicated for Kumba Iron Ore; and
•   Exxaro and Kumba Iron Ore entered into an agreement that facilitates the settlement of obligations towards participants of the phantom 

option schemes. 

Accounting costs for Exxaro and Kumba Iron Ore phantom option schemes require recognition under IFRS 2 Share-based Payment using 
the treatment for cash-settled share-based payments. This treatment is more volatile than that of the conventional (equity-settled) scheme 
and  the  liability  will  require  marking  to  market  at  each  reporting  period.  Under  the  above  scheme  33  250  shares  are  outstanding  as 
31 December 2010 (2009: 43 150).

Exxaro made the first annual grant in the share appreciation right scheme (SARS) to participants in 2007,as well as new appointments. 
Under the rules of the scheme, participants obtain the right to receive a number of Exxaro shares to the value of the difference between 
the exercise price and the grant (or offer) price.

The performance period’s first review was on 1 March 2010. Rights vest if Exxaro’s headline earnings per share (HEPS) increased by a 
minimum of consumer price index (CPI) plus 6% in the three years. In 2011 and 2012 the minimum increase in HEPS to achieve is CPI 
plus 8% and CPI plus 10% respectively.

The committee has the discretion to determine the settlement method, being shares or cash.

Exxaro also created an employee empowerment participation scheme (MPower) whereby certain employees are given the opportunity 
to share in the growth of the company. Employees are awarded share units which entitles them to dividends of Exxaro in the five-year 
period ending November 2011. By the end of the five-year period or capital appreciation period, the units that employee beneficiaries hold 
in the trust, will be sold. The capital distribution is the profit that is made on the share units after they are sold and the outstanding loan 
(used to buy the shares) to Exxaro is settled.

No further awards will be made in terms of the old (Kumba) share incentive plans. The awards already granted and still outstanding are 
being phased out. Only SARS, LTIPs, DBP and MPower schemes remain.

Exxaro will be limited to issuing a maximum of 30 million shares, which amounts to approximately 10% of the number of issued shares 
as at the date of the general meeting where approval was given. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Exxaro may on instruction of the Exxaro 
board and the transformation, remuneration, human resources and nomination committee, and as a fallback provision only, pay an Exxaro 
employee participating in the share incentive plans an equivalent amount in cash in lieu of any Exxaro shares. The maximum number of 
Exxaro shares to which any one eligible participant is entitled in total in respect of all schemes albeit by the way of an allotment and issue 
of Exxaro shares and/or the grant of options shall not exceed one percent of the shares then in issue in the share capital of Exxaro.

As at 31 December 2010 the maximum number of shares approved and allocated by shareholders for the purposes of the schemes, 
30  million  (2009:  30  million)  represent  8,4%  (2009:  8,4%)  of  the  issued  shares.  Of  the  total  of  30  million  shares,  20,0  million 
(2009: 19,9 million) shares are available in the share scheme for future offers to participants, whilst 10,0 million (2009: 10,1 million) shares 
(2,8% of the issued shares) are allocated as options, LTIP, DBP, deferred purchase shares, or SARS to participants.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 285

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

Details are as follows:

Number of shares approved by shareholders

Options, LTIP, DBP, deferred purchase instruments and SARS held by Exxaro employees/participants

Options and deferred purchase instruments held by Kumba Iron Ore employees/participants

2010
Million

30,0 

(10,0)

20,0 

2009
Million

30,0 

(9,8)

(0,3)

19,9 

At  31  December  2010  the  company’s  loan  from  the  Kumba  Resources  Management  Share  Trust  amounted  to  R30  066  270 
(2009: R39 539 138). The loan is interest free and has no fixed repayment terms. This amount is reflected as an inter company current 
loan in the company’s accounts and eliminated at group level.

The market value of the shares available for utilisation at the end of the year amounted to R2 722 401 631 (2009: R2 078 809 095).

Details of the schemes and plans are:

Outstanding at beginning of year

Exercised

Lapsed/cancelled2

Outstanding at end of year

Options1

Exxaro employees

Kumba Iron Ore employees

December
2010
’000

December
2009
’000

December
2010
’000

December
2009
’000

2 295 

 (796)

 (39)

1 460 

3 554 

 (1 067)

 (192)

2 295 

344 

 (344)

1 272 

 (928)

344 

1 No further grants are made under these schemes and plans that are being phased out have been replaced by the new share incentive schemes.
2 Exercise price range for lapsed/cancelled options: R40,68 – R47,73 (2009: R12,16 – R47,73).

Outstanding at beginning of year

Exercised

Outstanding at end of year

Deferred purchase1

Exxaro employees

Kumba Iron Ore employees

December
2010

December
2009

December
2010

December
2009

200 

 (200)

4 200 

 (4 000)

 200 

 400 

 (400)

400 

 400 

1 No further grants are made under these schemes and plans that are being phased out have been replaced by the new share incentive schemes.

286 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

Outstanding at beginning of year

Issued

Exercised

Lapsed/cancelled

Outstanding at end of year

Outstanding at beginning of year

Issued

Exercised

Lapsed/cancelled

Outstanding at end of year

Deferred Bonus Plan

Long-term Incentive Plan1

December
2010
’000

December
2009
’000

December
2010
’000

December
2009
’000

 67 

 31 

 (2)

 96 

 18 

 55 

(1)

 (5)

 67 

 1 550 

 427 

 (414)

 (39)

 1 524 

 906 

 772 

 (21)

 (107)

1 550 

Phantom scheme

SARS

December
2010
’000

December
2009
’000

December
2010
’000

December
2009
’000

43 

 (10)

33 

 74 

 (31)

43 

5 851 

1 804 

 (394)

 (323)

6 938 

 3 097 

 3 194 

 (8)

 (432)

5 851 

1 There is no amount payable by participants on vesting. They will be awarded rights to ordinary shares in the company.

Details of issues during the period 
are as follows:

Deferred Bonus Plan

Long-term Incentive Plan

December
2010

December
2009

December
2010

December
2009

Expiry date

2013

2012/2013

2013

2012/2013

Exercise price (share price range) 
(R)

Total proceeds if options are 
exercised at reporting period/
deferred purchase shares at 
reporting date paid (R million)

Expiry date

Exercise price per share  
(share price range) (R)

Total proceeds if rights are 
immediately exercised (R million)

120,50 – 128,14

65,58 – 91,08

120,39 – 126,77

69,06 – 85,00

 0,3 

SARS

December
2010

2016/2017

4,0 

54,1 

53,4 

December
2009

2016

88,72 – 129,77

62,83 – 112,35

228,0

221,8

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 287

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

Details of options/deferred purchase shares exercised during the year are as follows:

Options

Long-term Incentive Plan

December
2010

December
2009

December
2010

December
2009

106,03 – 140,09

61,40 – 104,50

113,50 – 131,90

76,50 – 77,30

305,00 – 379,00

140,00 – 306,17

Exercise price per share  
(share price range) (R)

–   Exxaro employees in Exxaro 

(post-unbundling)

–   Exxaro employees in Kumba  
Iron Ore (post-unbundling)

–   Kumba Iron Ore employees in 

Exxaro (post-unbundling)

 103,00 – 133,30 

63,16 – 78,00

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Exercise price per share  
(share price range) (R)

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Exercise price per share  
(share price range) (R)

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

436,9 

541,6 

37,1 

1,6 

Deferred Bonus Plan

Deferred Purchase

December
2010

December
2009

December
2010

December
2009

117,48 – 117,80

77,32

109,5

65,75 – 66,50

Phantom scheme1

SARS

December
2010

December
2009

December
2010

December
2009

0,3 

76,00

76,00 – 91,28

105,90 – 138,80

67,83 – 92,00

20,7 

0,2 

1 The phantom option awards are classified as cash-settled since no shares will be issued when exercised.

288 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

Terms of the options and deferred purchase shares outstanding at 31 December 2010 are as follows:

Share options held by Exxaro employees in Exxaro:

Expiry date

2011

2012

2013

Total

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Expiry date

2011

2012

2013

Total

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Expiry date1

2011

2012

2014

2015

2016

2017

Total

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Options

Long-term Incentive Plan

Exercise price
R

12,90 – 13,62

18,38 – 32,84

33,47 – 47,73

Outstanding
’000

Exercise price
R

Outstanding
’000

85,00 – 112,45

63,45 – 69,06

120,39 – 126,77

 203 

 483 

 774 

 1 460 

44,0 

408 

696 

420 

1 524 

145,3 

Deferred Bonus Plan

Exercise price
R

89,60 – 111,88

65,58 – 91,08

120,50 – 128,14

Outstanding
’000

14 

51 

31 

96 

2,5

SARS

Phantom scheme

Exercise price
R

60,60 – 112,35

112,35

59,42 – 104,99

62,83 – 155,69

63,45 – 92,51

110,91 – 131,47

Outstanding
’000

Exercise price
R

Outstanding
’000

 6 

 2 

 765 

 1 565 

 2 860 

 1 740 

6 938 

633,5

19,62 – 32,84

33 

33

1  Exxaro made the first annual grant in the share appreciation rights scheme (SARS) to participants in 2007. The lapse date is regarded as the seventh 

anniversary of the grant. No issues were made during the unbundling year of 2006.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 289

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

Terms of the options and deferred purchase shares outstanding at 31 December 2009 are as follows:

Share options held by Exxaro employees in Exxaro:

Options

Long-term Incentive Plan

Expiry date

2010

2011

2012

2013

Total

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Expiry date

2010

2011

2012

Total

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Expiry date

2010

2012

2014

2015

2016

Total

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Exercise price
R

7,32 – 11,59

19,90 – 19,62

13,72 – 32,84

33,47 – 47,73

Exercise price
R

60,60 – 102,14

69,06 – 112,35

63,45 – 67,07

Outstanding
’000

71

437

717

 1 070 

2 295 

64,8

Deferred Bonus Plan

Deferred purchase

Exercise price
R

18,36

Exercise price
R

86,45

89,60 – 111,88

65,58 – 91,08

Outstanding
’000

2 

14 

51 

67 

5,2

Outstanding

424 

415 

711 

1 550 

94,8

Outstanding

200 

200 

SARS

Phantom scheme

Exercise price
R

Outstanding
’000

Exercise price
R

Outstanding
’000

59,42 – 104,99

62,83 – 155,69

63,45 – 92,51

1 179 

1 723 

2 949 

5 851 

457,6

19,62

19,62

10 

33 

43

290 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

Share options held by Exxaro employees in Kumba Iron Ore:

Expiry date

2010

Total

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Share options held by Kumba Iron 
Ore employees in Exxaro:

Expiry date

2010

Total

Total proceeds if shares are issued 
(R million)

Options

Exercise price
R

15,38 – 97,74

Outstanding
’000

1 018 

1 018 

49,9

Options

Deferred purchase

Exercise price
R

6,91 – 47,73

Outstanding
’000

Exercise price
R

Outstanding

 344 

 344 

9,0

21,06

 400 

 400 

The exercise prices of the options held by Exxaro employees in Exxaro and Kumba Iron Ore respectively at 31 December 2008 and 
31 December 2009, have been recalculated with reference to the VWAP split of 32,81% for Exxaro and 67,19% for Kumba Iron Ore. The 
last date for exercising these options was 20 May 2010.

Details of options vested but not sold during the year are as follows:

Options

December
2010

December
2009

Exxaro employees in Exxaro 
(post-unbundling)

Number of shares

 1 129 010 

 1 346 500 

Exercise price (share price range) 
(R)

Exxaro employees in Kumba Iron 
Ore (post-unbundling)

Number of shares

Exercise price (share price range) 
(R)

Kumba Iron Ore employees in 
Exxaro (post-unbundling)

Number of shares

Exercise price (share price range) 
(R)

12,90 – 47,73

7,34 – 47,73

 1 018 210 

15,38 – 97,74

 343 890 

6,91 – 47,73

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 291

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Equity compensation benefits (continued)

Exxaro shares/options only

Number of shares vesting at 
beginning of year

–   Exxaro employees in Exxaro

–   Kumba Iron Ore employees in 

Exxaro

Net change during the year

Number of shares vesting at end 
of year

–   Exxaro employees in Exxaro

Directors’ interests in shares

Options
’000

2 639 

2 295 

344 

 (1 179)

1 460 

1 460 

Long-term 
Incentive 
Plan
’000

Deferred 
Bonus Plan
’000

Deferred 
purchase
’000

1 550 

1 550 

 (26)

1 524 

1 524 

67 

 67 

 29 

96 

96 

SARS
’000

Total
’000

5 851 

5 851 

10 107 

9 763 

1 087 

6 938 

6 938 

344 

 (89)

10 018 

10 018 

For details refer to the report of the directors’ remuneration.

Fair value of equity-settled share-based payment transactions with employees

The group applies IFRS 2 to grants of shares, share options or other equity instruments that are granted.

In determining the fair value of services received as consideration for equity instruments, measurement is referenced to the fair value of 
the equity instruments granted.

The group applied the transitional provisions of IFRS 2 and applied the principles to grants that were granted after 7 November 2002.

Kumba Resources listed on 26 November 2001 and the volatility of its share price since then has been used to determine the calculations.

The changes to the schemes brought about by the empowerment transaction were treated as a modification. The services received were 
measured at the grant date fair value of the original equity instruments granted. Any incremental increase in the fair value of the equity 
instruments granted is recognised over the revised vesting period.

The fair value of the options issued under the Management Share Option Scheme was determined immediately before and after the 
modification using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

The weighted average incremental fair value granted per option at the original strike price as a result of the modification amounted to 
R12,55 whilst the incremental fair value for a repriced option amounted to R14,93.

292 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Fair value of equity-settled share-based payment transactions with employees (continued)

2010

2009

 Exxaro 

Kumba 
Iron Ore

 Exxaro 

Kumba 
Iron Ore

The Black-Scholes methodology is used to calculate the fair value 
of options granted to employees.

The inputs to the model are as follows:

Share price (R)

Weighted average exercise price range – original strike price (R)

Weighted average exercise price range – repriced strike price (R)

Annualised expected volatility (%)

Option life (years) (weighted average)

Dividend yield (%)

Risk-free interest rate (%) (weighted average)

Expected employee attrition (%)

 49,00 

 34,76 

 13,12 

 37,90 

 3,11 

 4 

 8,26 

 4,0 

 110,00 

 71,18 

 26,86 

 37,90 

 3,08 

 4 

 8,26 

 4,0 

 49,00 

 34,76 

 13,12 

 37,90 

 3,11 

 4 

 8,26 

 10,0 

The Black-Scholes methodology is used to calculate the fair value of share appreciation rights (SARs) granted to employees.

The inputs to the model as at 31 December 2010 are as follows:

Share price (R)

Weighted average exercise price range

Annualised expected volatility (%)

Option life (years) (weighted average)

Dividend yield (%)

Risk-free interest rate (%) (weighted average)

Expected employee attrition (%)

The inputs to the model as at 31 December 2009 were as follows:

Share price (R)

Weighted average exercise price range

Annualised expected volatility (%)

Option life (years) (weighted average)

Dividend yield (%)

Risk-free interest rate (weighted average) (%)

Expected employee attrition (%)

SARs 
vesting in 
three years

SARs 
vesting in 
four years

 126,84 

 126,77 

 45,13 

 5,00 

 4,52 

 8,01 

 4,0 

 74,20 

 67,70 

 44,20 

 5,00 

 8,52 

 8,58 

 10,0 

 126,84 

 126,77 

 44,14 

 5,50 

 4,66 

 7,85 

 4,0 

 74,20 

 67,70 

 43,19 

 5,50 

 8,68 

 8,65 

 10,0 

 110,00 

 71,18 

 26,86 

 37,90 

 3,08 

 4 

 8,26 

 10,0 

SARs 
vesting in 
five years

 126,84 

 126,77 

 43,15 

 6,00 

 4,72 

 7,77 

 4,0 

 74,20 

 67,70 

 42,19 

 6,00 

 8,96 

 8,72 

 10,0 

The Monte Carlo valuation methodology is used to calculate the fair value of long-term incentive plan, deferred bonus plan and MPower 
grants to employees.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 293

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

30.

 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (continued)

Fair value of equity-settled share-based payment transactions with employees (continued)

The inputs to the LTIP model are as follows:

Date of grant

Share price at grant date (R)

Risk-free rate (%)

Dividend yield (%)

Expected volatility (%)

Time to vesting

1/4/2010

1/4/2009

1/4/2008

28/2/2007

 126,84 

 74,20 

110,35

 61,24 

 7,53 

 3,89 

N/A

 7,85 

 6,39 

N/A

8,88

2,81

N/A

7,70

4,08

36,80

Three years 
from date 
of grant

Three years 
from date 
of grant

Three years 
from date 
of grant

Three years 
from date 
of grant

Expected employee attrition (%)

2,90

2,90

2,90

2,90

The inputs to the DBP model are as follows:

Year of grant

Average share price at grant date(s) (R)

Risk-free rate (%)

Dividend yield (%)

Expected volatility (%)

Time to vesting

2010

92,38

 7,44 

 3,96 

N/A

2009

77,06

 7,49 

 6,66 

N/A

2008

111,88

8,88

2,77

N/A

2007

 61,24 

7,70

4,08

36,80

Three years 
from date 
of grant

Three years 
from date 
of grant

Three years 
from date 
of grant

Three years 
from date 
of grant

Expected employee attrition (%)

5,00

5,00

5,00

5,00

The inputs to the MPower model are as follows:

Date of grant

Share price at grant date (R)

Risk-free rate (%)

Dividend yield (%)

Expected volatility (%)

Vest date

Vesting probability (%)

The inputs to the phantom scheme model are as follows:

Date of grant

Share price(s) at grant date(s) (R)

Risk-free rate (%)

Dividend yield (%)

Expected volatility (%)

Time to vesting

294 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

1/31/2007

 71,00 

 8,20 

 3,00 

 37,00 

28/11/2011

 100 

1/12/05 – 22/4/05

 19,62 – 32,84 

6,5

4,7

 38,00 

Mainly over 
five years 
in tranches

 GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

59

99

31. CONTINGENT ASSETS AND LIABILITIES 

Contingent assets

Surrender fee on prospect rights, exploration rights  
and mining rights.

 63 

An outstanding insurance claim for the Furnace 2 incident at Exxaro 
TSA Sands (Pty) Limited for which settlement was received in the 
first half of 2010.

Contingent liabilities

Contingent liabilities at balance sheet date, not otherwise provided 
for in these annual financial statements, arising from:
–   guarantees in the normal course of business from which it is 

anticipated that no material liabilities will arise:

–  other1

1Includes the group’s share of contingent liabilities of associates and joint 
ventures of R117 million (2009: R61 million). The increase in 2010 and 2009 is 
mainly attributable to guarantees to the Department of Mineral and Resources 
(DMR) in respect of environmental liabilities on immediate closure of mining 
operations.

The timing and occurrence of any possible outflows are uncertain.

32. COMMITMENTS

Capital commitments at 31 December 2010

 707 
 300 

562 
155 

1 
 151 

48 

Capital expenditure contracted for plant and equipment

 6 475 

3 550 

 67 

Capital expenditure authorised for plant and equipment  
but not contracted

The above includes the group’s share of capital commitments  
of associates and joint ventures.

Capital expenditure will be financed from available cash resources, 
funds generated from operations and available borrowing capacity.

Capital expenditure contracted relating to captive mines 
Tshikondeni, Arnot and Matla, which will be financed by ArcelorMittal 
SA Limited and Eskom respectively.

 2 490 

1 420 

 173 

 556 

565 

 1 

18 

97 

78 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 295

NOTES TO THE  
ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
for the year ended 31 December 2010

 GROUP

COMPANY

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

2010
Rm

2009
Rm

32. COMMITMENTS (continued)

A trust known as New Africa Mining Fund (the Fund) was 
established during 2003 to make portfolio investments in junior 
mining projects within South Africa and elsewhere on the continent 
of Africa. Exxaro, as an investor participant to the Fund, has 
committed to contribute R20 million towards the Fund. The Fund 
manager can draw down this balance or any portion as and when 
required, by serving a 10-day notice to Exxaro. The commitment 
period commenced on 1 March 2003 and expired on 28 February 
2009. Since then, up until 28 February 2013 no new investments in 
new funds may be undertaken by the Fund, however, Exxaro may 
still be required to invest funds into established investments limited 
to the initial R20 million commitment.

Operating lease commitments

The future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable 
operating leases are as follows:
–   less than one year
–   more than one year and less than five years
–   more than five years

Total

Operating sublease receivable

Non-cancellable operating lease rentals are receivable as follows:
–   less than one year
–   more than one year and less than five years

Total

8 
7 

15 

 57 
 67 
 8 

 132 

 2 
 4 

 6 

44 
42 
6 

92 

1 
3 

4 

 7 
 5 

12 

 1 

1 

296 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

ANNEXURE 1
NON-CURRENT INTEREST-BEARING BORROWINGS

LOCAL

Unsecured loans

Secured loans

Rate of interest per 
year (payable 
half-yearly) 

Rate of interest per 
year (payable 
half-yearly) 

GROUP

COMPANY

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

Fixed
%

Floating
%

Fixed
%

Floating
%

Rm

Rm

Rm

Rm

6,810

6,810

6,810

6,810

6,910

6,810

6,910

6,810

6,910

6,810

6,910

6,810

7,610

8,110

9,350

10,540

8,510

8,510

8,510

8,610

8,510

8,610

8,510

8,610

8,510

8,610

8,510

7,610

9,120

10,540

6 

150 

415 

540 

675 

100 

125 

180 

224 

48 

60 

180 

1 000 

181 

150 

342 

405 

675 

75 

125 

135 

224 

36 

60 

108 

800 

167 

6 

150

342

405

675

75

125

135

224

36

60

108

800

150 

415 

540 

675 

100 

125 

180 

224 

48 

60 

180 

1 000 

3 308 

3 884 

3 135 

3 697 

Final 
repay-
ment 
date

 2011 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2015 

 2016 

 2016 

 2011 

12,130

 2011 

17,490

 2012 

11,420

 2013 

13,540

 2025 

8,330

 2026 

10,710

 2031 

22,200

 2032 

32,930

12,130 

17,490 

11,420 

13,540 

8,330 

10,710 

22,200 

32,930 

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1 

1 

1 

6 

23 

12 

87 

137 

268 

2 

1 

1 

8 

24 

12 

86 

126 

260 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 297

 
ANNEXURE 1 CONTINUED
NON-CURRENT INTEREST-BEARING BORROWINGS

Rate of interest per 
year (payable 
half-yearly) 

Rate of interest per 
year (payable 
half-yearly) 

GROUP

COMPANY

Final 
repay-
ment 
date

2010

2009

2010

2009

2010

2009

Fixed
%

Floating
%

Fixed
%

Floating
%

Rm

Rm

Rm

Rm

FOREIGN

Unsecured loans (US$)

 2011 

8,050 

5,6209

 2016 

 6,640 

6,640 

FOREIGN SECURED  
LOANS (US$)

Total non-current interest-bearing  
borrowings (refer note 21)

 2012 

3,790 

10

11

166 

444 

610 

236 

387 

623 

161 

4 360 

4 754 

3 135 

3 697 

Finance leases recognised due to IFRIC 4 (Determining whether an Agreement contains a Lease)
1   Finance lease agreement between Exxaro Sands (Pty) Limited and Mhlathuze Water in respect of a plant with a book value of Rnil (2009: R1 million). 
2   Finance lease agreement between FerroAlloys (Pty) Limited and African Oxygen Limited (Afrox) in respect of machinery and equipment with a book value of Rnil 

(2009: Rnil). 

3   Finance lease agreement between Exxaro Sands (Pty) Limited and Eskom in respect of buildings with a book value of Rnil (2009: R1 million). 
4   Finance lease agreement between Exxaro TSA Sands (Pty) Limited and Air Products in respect of a plant with a book value of R3 million (2009: R4 million). 
5   Finance lease agreement between Exxaro TSA Sands (Pty) Limited and Mhlathuze Water in respect of a plant with a book value of R13 million (2009: R20 million). 
6   Finance lease agreement between Exxaro TSA Sands (Pty) Limited and Eskom in respect of buildings with a book value of R9 million (2009: R13 million). 
7   Finance  lease  agreement  between  Exxaro  Sands  (Pty)  Limited  and  Kusasa  Bulk  Terminals  (Phase  1)  in  respect  of  a  plant  with  a  book  value  of  R28  million 

(2009: R43 million). 

8   Finance  lease  agreement  between  Exxaro  Sands  (Pty)  Limited  and  Kusasa  Bulk  Terminals  (Phase  2)  in  respect  of  a  plant  with  a  book  value  of  R31  million 

(2009: R47 million). 

9   A syndicated loan facility of US$45 million (variable interest rate), of which US$34 million was drawn on 31 December 2010 (US$21 million 31 December 2009).
10  US$60 million senior notes (fixed interest rate) issued by Ticor Finance (A.C.T.) Pty Limited, an entity controlled by Exxaro Australia Sands (Pty) Limited.
11  A trade receivable facility from Investec Limited that is secured for the outstanding amount of US$24,250,000, against pigment receivables for that amount. 

298 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

Year-end
other 
than
31 Dec

30 June

ANNEXURE 2
INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES, JOINT VENTURES AND OTHER INVESTMENTS

Nature
of 
business1

Country
of incor-
poration2

Number 
of shares 
held 

Percentage 
holding 

Group carrying 
amount 

Company carrying 
amount 

2010
 % 

2009
 % 

2010
 Rm 

2009
 Rm 

2010
 Rm 

2009
 Rm 

ASSOCIATED COMPANIES

Unlisted

Black Mountain Mining (Pty) Limited

A

RSA

 260 

 26,00 

 26,00 

242 

Chifeng Kumba Hongye Zinc Corporation 
Limited

Chifeng NFC Kumba Hongye Zinc Corporation 
Limited

Sishen Iron Ore Company (Pty) Limited

Total associated companies (refer note 14)

JOINT VENTURES

Incorporated

Unlisted

Mafube Coal Mining (Pty) Limited

RoshSkor Township (Pty) Limited

South Dunes Coal Terminal Co. (Pty) Limited

Thakweneng Mineral Resources (Pty) Limited

Rosh Pinah Health Care (Pty) Limited

Total joint ventures investments  
(refer note 14)

Unincorporated

Moranbah Coal Project

Tiwest

INVESTMENT COMPANIES

Unlisted

Richards Bay Coal Terminal3

Other

Total other investments (refer note 16)

TOTAL INVESTMENTS

The investments are valued at balance sheet 
date. Listed shares are valued at market value 
and unlisted shares at directors’ value.

Unlisted investments in associates
–   directors’ valuation

Unlisted other investments
–   directors’ valuation

A & M

CH

 58 520 000 

 38,00 

 38,00 

A & M

A

CH

 42 500 000 

RSA  240 000 000 

 25,00 

 20,00 

 25,00 

 20,00 

92 

35 

3 511 

3 880 

A

C

A

E

C

A

A

RSA

NAM

RSA

RSA

NAM

 50 

 50 

 1 333 

 1 

 31 

 50,00 

 50,00 

 33,33 

 50,00 

 31,00 

 50,00 

 50,00 

 33,33 

 50,00 

 31,00 

 50,00 

 50,00 

 50,00 

 50,00 

155 

102 

35 

1 673 

1 965 

1 

1 

369 

7 

376 

368 

7 

375 

4 256 

2 341 

20 782 

14 165 

407 

408 

Where the above entities’ financial year-ends are not co-terminous with that of the company, financial information has been obtained from published information or management 
accounts as appropriate.

1 A – Mining, C – Service, E – Exploration, M – Manufacturing.
2 RSA – Republic of South Africa, CH – People’s Republic of China, NAM – Namibia
3 Included in the directors’ valuation of 2010 is an amount of R31 million (2009: R33 million) in respect of RBCT, which is classified as part of other debtors.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 299

 
 
 
 
ANNEXURE 2 CONTINUED
INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES, JOINT VENTURES AND OTHER INVESTMENTS

The group’s effective share of balance sheet, income statement and cash flow items in respect of associated companies and joint ventures is 
as follows:

INCOME STATEMENTS

Revenue

Operating expenses

NET OPERATING PROFIT/(LOSS)

Net financing costs

PROFIT/(LOSS) BEFORE TAX

Income tax expense

PROFIT/(LOSS) FOR THE YEAR

Profit/(loss) for the year attributable to owners of the parent

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

Non-current assets

Current assets

TOTAL ASSETS

Equity and liabilities

 Associated companies 

 Joint ventures 

2010 
 Rm 

2009 
 Rm 

2010 
 Rm 

2009 
 Rm 

8 614 

 (3 473)

5 141 

 (34)

5 107 

 (1 390)

3 717 

3 717 

3 718 

2 462 

6 180 

5 419 

 (2 687)

2 732 

 (49)

2 683 

 (785)

1 898 

1 898 

2 714 

1 302 

4 016 

2 147 

 (1 835)

1 484 

 (1 500)

312 

(101)

211 

 (33)

178 

178 

3 873 

1 801 

5 674 

(16)

(5)

(21)

(21)

(21)

3 591 

1 506 

5 097 

EQUITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO OWNERS OF THE PARENT

3 670 

1 759 

2 942 

2 913 

Non-current liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings

Non-current provisions

Deferred tax and other

Current liabilities

Interest-bearing borrowings

Other

856 

201 

557 

94 

802 

990 

126 

521 

112 

508 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

6 180 

4 016 

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

Net cash flows from operating activities

Net cash flows from investing activities

Net cash flows from financing activities

Foreign currency translations

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 1 829 

 (974)

 (121)

 37 

 771 

 159 

 (835)

 (2)

 29 

 (649)

320 

261 

496 

63 

1 592 

5 674 

110 

 (456)

 322 

165 

249 

64 

28 

1 678 

5 097 

216 

 (567)

 275 

 (24)

 (76)

300 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

ANNEXURE 3
INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES1

Country
of
incor-
poration2

Nature
of 
business3

DIRECT INVESTMENTS
AlloyStream (Pty) Limited
AlloyStream Holdings (Pty) Limited
Clipeus Investment Holdings (Pty) Limited
Colonna Properties (Pty) Limited
Cullinan Refractories Limited
Exxaro Base Metals and Industrial Minerals 
Holdings (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Base Metals (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Chairman’s Fund
Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Coal Botswana Holding 
(Pty) Limited4
Exxaro Employee Empowerment 
Participation Scheme Trust
Exxaro Environmental Rehabilitation Fund
Exxaro Esmore Cooperatief U.A5
Exxaro FerroAlloys (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Foundation
Exxaro Holdings (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Holdings Sands (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Insurance Company Limited
Exxaro On-Site (Pty) Limited
Exxaro People Development Initiative
Exxaro Properties (Groenkloof) (Pty) Limited
Exxaro TSA Sands (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Sands (Pty) Limited
Ferroland Grondtrust (Pty) Limited
Glen Douglas Dolomite (Pty) Limited6
Kumba Resources Management 
Share Trust
Rocsi Holdings (Pty) Limited
Skyprops 112 (Pty) Limited

RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA

RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA

Bot

RSA
RSA
NE
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA
RSA

RSA
RSA
RSA

M
H
H
B
A

H
M
T
A

H

T
T
J
M
T
H
H
I
C
E
B
M
A
D
A

T
H
H

Issued 
capital-
unlisted
ordinary
shares

R

1 
1 
1 
200 
1 000 

Interest of company

Investment in shares

2010
R

2009
R

Indebtedness
2010
Rm

2009
Rm

1
746 163 
1 
2 518 966 
1 000 

1
 746 163 
1 
2 518 966 
1 000 

 17 

 2 

 16 

 2 

1 
5 500 000 

1 
247 712 500 

1 
247 712 500 

 768 

 375 

1 

200 

1 000 

1 000 

 4 936 

 4 787 

32 742 723 

1 

1 

1 

566 827 
40 000 
50 
1 

459 517 297 
1 869 951 859 
5 000 000 
1 

459 517 297 
1 869 951 859 
5 000 000 
1 

1 
510 
200 
2 
10 000

1 
510 
6 003 355 
2 

1 
510 
6 003 355 
2 

647 044 943 
100 

653 722 945 
44 389 208 

653 722 945 
44 389 208 

 (32)

 52 

 1 

 3 531 
 150 
 22 

 (30)
 488 
 20 

 (22)

 28 

 3 651 
 250 
 10 

 (40)
 308 
 20 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 301

  
  
ANNEXURE 3 CONTINUED
INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES1

Country
of
incor-
poration2

Nature
of 
business3

RSA
AUS
AUS
NAM
HK
NE
Bot
RSA
RSA
NE
IRL
AUS
NE
NE
NE
AUS

TUR

TUR
NE
RSA
NE
RSA
RSA
AUS
PERU
MAU
AUS
NAM

NAM
AUS
AUS

RSA
AUS
AUS
AUS
AUS
AUS
AUS

A
A & P
C
H
H
P
P
A
M
J
F
H
H
C
C
H

P

P
P
M
H
B
A
A
G
F
C
H

A
C
C

A
F
F
H
H
H
A

Issued 
capital-
unlisted
ordinary
shares

R

5 000
11 
2 038 299 354 
100 
1 354 
119 209 
200 
100 000 
1 

893 656 391 
5 
662 037 
172 866 
172 866 
5 

32 512 

6 436 530 
134 973 
1 
169 999 
136 500 000 
1 000 
31 740 964 
10 
1 
10 
1 000 

2 280 
10 
10 

3 675
10 
10 
8 111 062 
10 
85 101 240 
48 216 010 

INDIRECT INVESTMENTS
Coastal Coal (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Australia Pty Limited
Exxaro Australia Sands Pty Limited
Exxaro Base Metals (Namibia) (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Base Metals China Limited
Exxaro Base Metals International BV
Exxaro Coal Botswana (Pty) Limited (75%)
Exxaro Coal Mpumalanga (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Coke (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Esmore Cooperatief U.A
Exxaro Finance Ireland
Exxaro Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited
Exxaro International BV
Exxaro International Coal Trading BV
Exxaro International Trading BV
Exxaro Investments (Australia) Pty Limited
Exxaro Maden Arama ve Madencilik 
Limited. Sti. 
Exxaro Madencilik Sanayi Ve Ticaret 
Anonim Sirketi (76%)
Exxaro Mineral Sands BV
Exxaro Reductants (Pty) Limited
Exxaro Sands Holdings BV
Ferrowest (Pty) Limited (95%)
Inyanda Coal (Pty) Limited
Magnetic Minerals Pty Limited6
Omacor Sac
Oreco Leasing Limited
Pigment Holdings Pty Limited
Rosh Pinah Mine Holdings (Pty) Limited
Rosh Pinah Zinc Corporation (Pty) Limited 
(50,0264%)
Senbar Holdings Pty Limited
Synthetic Rutile Holdings Pty Limited
The Vryheid (Natal) Railway Coal and
Iron Company Limited
Ticor Energy Pty Limited6
Ticor Finance (A.C.T.) Pty Limited
Ticor Resources Pty Limited
Tific Pty Limited
TiO2 Corporation NL
Yalgoo Minerals Pty Limited
TOTAL INVESTMENTS IN 
SUBSIDIARIES (refer note 15)

Interest of company

Investment in shares

2010
R

2009
R

Indebtedness
2010
Rm

 (35)

 1 
 241 

2009
Rm

 (42)
 (1)
 3 
 262 

 494 

 616 

 1 

 1 

 3 

 4 

 18 

 25 

3 289 564 811 

3 322 307 534 

 10 648 

 10 253 

1 At 100% holding except where otherwise indicated
2  RSA  –  Republic  of  South  Africa,  AUS  –  Australia,  NAM  –  Namibia,  HK  –  Hong  Kong,  IRL  –  Ireland,  MAU  –  Mauritius,  NE  –  Netherlands,  Bot  –  Botswana, 

TUR – Turkey

3  A – Mining, B – Property, C – Service, D – Land management, E – Section 21 company, F – Finance, G – Dormant, H – Holdings, I – Insurance, J – Cooperative, 

M – Manufacturing, P – Exploration, T – Trust

4  A wholly owned subsidiary of Exxaro Coal (Pty) Limited in 2008 – transferred to Exxaro Resources Limited in 2009.
5  Cooperative in Rotterdam, Netherlands with the following members: Exxaro Resources Limited and Exxaro Holdings (Pty) Limited.
6  Reclassified during 2008 as non-current asset classified as held for sale. This investment was sold with effective date 1 January 2011.

302 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
  
INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES
TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF INDEBTEDNESS TO AND FROM SUBSIDIARIES

Rate of interest per year  
(payable half-yearly)1

2010
Floating
%

2009
Floating
%

Final 
repayment date

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2013 

 2015 

6,810 

6,810 

6,810 

6,910 

6,810 

6,910 

6,810 

6,910 

6,810 

6,910 

6,810 

7,610 

8,510 

8,510 

8,510 

8,610 

8,510 

8,610 

8,510 

8,610 

8,510 

8,610 

8,610 

7,610 

Total unsecured non-current loans

Interest-bearing current loans payable/(receivable)2

Current portion of non-current loans

Non-interest-bearing current loans

Current loans

Total 

1  There were no indebtedness to and from subsidiaries with fixed rate of interest per year.
2  Interest charged at average overnight money market rates.

2010
Rm

150 

178 

270 

675 

75 

100 

90 

224 

24 

60 

80 

800 

2 726 

1 369 

421 

6 132 

7 922 

10 648 

2009
Rm

150 

342 

405 

675 

100 

100 

134 

224 

36 

60 

120 

1 000 

3 346 

509 

330 

6 068 

6 907 

10 253 

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 303

 
NOTICE OF ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING

Exxaro Resources Limited 
(Incorporated in the Republic of South Africa)
Registration Number: 2000/011076/06
JSE share code: EXX
ISIN: ZAE000084992
ADR code: EXXAY
(“Exxaro” or “the company”)

Notice is hereby given that the tenth annual general meeting of members of Exxaro will be held at the corporate office, Roger Dyason Road, 
Pretoria West, South Africa, at 09:00 on Thursday, 19 May 2011 to consider, and if deemed fit, pass with or without modification, the following 
resolutions:

1.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 1: APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 To receive and adopt the annual financial statements of the group for the period ended 31 December 2010, including the directors’ and 
independent auditors’ reports thereon.

2.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 2: RE-ELECTION OF DIRECTOR

To re-elect by separate resolution VZ Mntambo who offers himself for re-election;

3.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 3: RE-ELECTION OF DIRECTOR

To re-elect by separate resolution NL Sowazi who offers himself for re-election;

4.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 4: RE-ELECTION OF DIRECTOR

To re-elect by separate resolution J van Rooyen who offers himself for re-election; and

5.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 5: RE-ELECTION OF DIRECTOR

To re-elect by separate resolution D Zihlangu who offers himself for re-election

 as directors of the company, who retire by rotation in terms of article 16.1 of the company’s articles of association. A brief résumé for each 
director standing for re-election appears on page 308 of this annual report.

6.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 6: NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ FEES

6.1   To ratify the remuneration of non-executive directors for the period 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2010 (refer to page 190 of the 

annual report).

6.2  To approve the remuneration of non-executive directors for the period 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2011.

Chairman

Director

Audit committee chairman

Audit committee member

Board committee chairman

Board committee member

Current

Proposed

R433 600

R650 000

R200 120

R216 130

R184 880

R199 670

R97 650

R105 460

R143 220

R154 680

R68 340

R73 810

7.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 7: APPOINTMENT OF AUDIT, RISK AND COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE MEMBERS

 “Resolved  that  the  members  of  the  audit,  risk  and  compliance  committee,  be  and  are  hereby  appointed  in  accordance  with  the 
recommendations  of  King  III.  The  membership  as  proposed  by  the  board  of  directors  is  J  van  Rooyen  (chairman),  RP  Mohring  and 
NL Sowazi.”

304 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 8: APPROVAL OF REMUNERATION POLICY

 “Resolved to approve, through a non-binding advisory note, the company’s remuneration policy and its implementation, as set out in the 
Remuneration Report, which appears on page 160 of the annual report.”

9.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 9: APPOINTMENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

 To  appoint  PricewaterhouseCoopers  (PwC),  with  the  designated  audit  partner  being  Mr  D  Shango,  as  independent  auditors  of  the 
company for the ensuing year.

10.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 10: AUDITORS’ FEES

To authorise the directors to determine the auditors’ remuneration for the period ended 31 December 2010.

11.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 11: CONTROL OF AUTHORISED BUT UNISSUED SHARES

 “Resolved that the authorised but unissued shares in the capital of the company be and are hereby placed under the control and authority 
of the directors and that they be and are hereby authorised to allot, issue and otherwise dispose of such shares to such person or persons 
on such terms and conditions and at such times as they may from time to time and at their discretion deem fit, subject to the provisions 
of the Companies Act, No 61 of 1973, (as amended), or the Companies Act, No 71 of 2008, should it become effective prior to the annual 
general  meeting,  article  3.2  of  the  articles  of  association  of  the  company  and  the  JSE  Listings  Requirements.  The  issuing  of  shares 
granted under this authority will be at their discretion until the next annual general meeting of the company, after setting aside so many 
shares as may be required, to be allotted and issued by the company pursuant to the company’s approved employee share incentive 
schemes.”

12.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 12: GENERAL AUTHORITY TO ISSUE SHARES FOR CASH

 “Resolved that the directors of the company be and are hereby authorised, by way of a general authority, to issue the authorised but 
unissued shares in the capital of the company (and/or any options/convertible securities that are convertible into ordinary shares) for cash, 
as and when they in their discretion deem fit, subject to article 3.2 of the articles of association of the company, the Companies Act, 
No 61 of 1973, (as amended), or the Companies Act No 71 of 2008, should it become effective prior to the annual general meeting, and 
the JSE Listings Requirements, when applicable and with the following limitation, namely that:
•   the equity securities which are the subject of the issue for cash must be of a class already in issue, or where this is not the case, must 

be limited to such securities or rights that are convertible into a class already in issue;

•   any such issue will only be made to “public shareholders” as defined in the JSE Listings Requirements and not to related parties, unless 

the JSE otherwise agrees;

•   the number of shares issued for cash shall not in the aggregate in the current financial year exceed 10% (ten per cent) of the company’s 
issued share capital of ordinary shares (for purposes of determining the securities comprising the 10% number in any one year, account 
must be taken of the dilution effect, in the year of options/convertible securities, by including the number of any equity securities which 
may be issued in future arising out of the issue of such options/convertible securities). The number of ordinary shares which may be 
issued shall be based on the number of ordinary shares in issue at the date of such application less any ordinary shares issued during 
the current financial year (or to be issued arising from options or convertible securities issued), provided that any ordinary shares to be 
issued pursuant to a rights issue (announced and irrevocable and underwritten) or acquisition (which has had final terms announced) 
may be included as though they were shares in issue at the date of application;

•   this authority is valid until the company’s next annual general meeting, provided that it shall not extend beyond 15 (fifteen) months from 

the date that this authority is given;

•   a paid press announcement giving full details, including the impact on net asset value and earnings per share, will be published at the 
time of any issue representing, on a cumulative basis within 1 (one) financial year, 5% (five per cent) or more of the number of shares in 
issue prior to the issue; and

•   the maximum discount permitted at which equity securities may be issued is 10% (ten per cent) of the weighted average traded price 
on the JSE of those shares over the 30 (thirty) business days prior to the date that the price of the issue is agreed between the company 
and the party subscribing for the securities.

 This ordinary resolution is required, under the JSE Listings Requirements, to be passed by achieving a 75% (seventy five per cent) majority 
of the votes cast in favour of such resolution by all members present or represented by proxy and entitled to vote, at the annual general 
meeting.”

13.  ORDINARY RESOLUTION NUMBER 13: AUTHORISE DIRECTORS AND/OR THE COMPANY SECRETARY

 To authorise any one director and/or the Company Secretary or equivalent, to do all such things and sign all such documents as are 
deemed necessary to implement the resolutions set out in the notice convening the annual general meeting at which these resolutions 
will be considered.

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 305

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTICE OF ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING CONTINUED

14.  SPECIAL RESOLUTION NUMBER 1: GENERAL AUTHORITY TO REPURCHASE SHARES

 “Resolved that, subject to compliance with the JSE Listings Requirements, the Companies Act (Act 61 of 1973), as amended, or the 
Companies Act, No 71 of 2008 (“the New Companies Act”) should it become effective prior to the annual general meeting, and article 36 
of the articles of association of the company, the directors be and are hereby authorised at their discretion to procure that the company 
or subsidiaries of the company acquire or repurchase ordinary shares issued by the company, provided that:
•   the number of ordinary shares acquired in any one financial year shall not exceed 20% (twenty per cent) of the ordinary shares in issue 

at the date on which this resolution is passed;

•   this  must  be  effected  through  the  order  book  operated  by  the  JSE  trading  system  and  done  without  any  prior  understanding  or 

arrangement between the company and the counterparty;

•   this authority shall lapse on the earlier of the date of the next annual general meeting of the company or 15 (fifteen) months after the 

date on which this resolution is passed; 

•   in respect of share repurchases to be undertaken after the introduction of the New Companies Act, (i) the board of directors pass a 
resolution that they have authorised the repurchase, (ii) that the company pass the solvency and liquidity test and (iii) that since the 
solvency and liquidity test was done there have been no material changes to the financial position of the group;

•   in  the  event  that  the  New  Companies  Act  has  become  effective  and  the  company’s  articles  does  not  require  this  resolution  to  be 
proposed and adopted as a special resolution, it be adopted as an ordinary resolution, provided that it is supported by at least 75% 
(seventy five per cent) majority of the votes cast in favour of such resolution by all members present or represented by proxy and entitled 
to vote, at the annual general meeting; and

•   the price paid per ordinary share may not be greater than 10% (ten per cent) above the weighted average of the market value of the 

ordinary shares for the five business days immediately preceding the date on which a purchase is made.

 The reason for and effect of this special resolution is to authorise the directors, if they deem it appropriate in the interests of the company, 
to procure that the company or subsidiaries of the company acquire or repurchase ordinary shares issued by the company subject to the 
restrictions contained in the above resolution.

 At  present,  the  directors  have  no  specific  intention  on  the  utilisation  of  this  authority  which  will  only  be  used  if  circumstances  are 
appropriate. The directors undertake that, to the extent it is still required by the JSE Listings Requirements and the New Companies Act, 
they  will  not  implement  the  repurchase  as  contemplated  in  this  special  resolution  while  this  general  authority  is  valid,  subject  to  the 
following limitations, namely that:
•   the company and the group will be able to pay its debts in the ordinary course of business for a period of 12 (twelve) months after such 

repurchase;

•   recognised and measured in accordance with the accounting policies used in the latest audited annual group financial statements, the 
assets of the company and the group will exceed the liabilities of the company and the group for a period of 12 (twelve) months after 
such repurchase;

•   the ordinary capital and reserves of the company and the group will be adequate for the purposes of the business of the company and 

the group for a period of 12 (twelve) months after such repurchase;

•   the working capital of the company and the group will be adequate for the purposes of the business of the company and the group for 

a period of 12 (twelve) months after such repurchase;

•   the company or its subsidiaries will not repurchase securities during a prohibited period as defined in paragraph 3.67 of the JSE Listings 
Requirements unless the company has a repurchase programme in place where the dates and quantities of securities to be traded 
during the relevant prohibited period are fixed (not subject to any variation) and full details of the programme have been disclosed in an 
announcement released on SENS prior to the commencement of the prohibited period;

•   when the company or its subsidiaries have cumulatively repurchased 3% (three per cent) of the initial number of the relevant class of 
securities, and for each 3% (three per cent) in aggregate of the initial number of that class acquired thereafter, an announcement will 
be made;

•   the company at any time only appoints one agent to effect any repurchase(s) on its behalf; and
•   the company undertaking that it will not enter the market to repurchase its own securities until the company’s sponsor has provided 
written confirmation to the JSE regarding the adequacy of the company’s working capital in accordance with schedule 25 of the JSE 
Listings Requirements.”

15.  To transact such other business as may be transacted at an annual general meeting.

306 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DISCLOSURES REQUIRED IN TERMS OF THE JSE LISTINGS REQUIREMENTS
The following information is provided in accordance with paragraph 11.26 of the JSE Listings Requirements and relates to special resolution 
number 1.

LITIGATION STATEMENT
Other than disclosed or accounted for in these annual financial statements, the directors of the company, whose names are given on page 142 
of these annual financial statements, are not aware of any legal or arbitration proceedings, pending or threatened against the group, which may 
have or have had a material effect on the group’s financial position in the 12 months preceding the date of this notice of annual general meeting.

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT
The directors, whose names are given on page 142 of these financial statements, collectively and individually accept full responsibility for the 
accuracy of the information given in this special resolution, and certify that to the best of their knowledge and belief there are no facts that have 
been omitted which would make any statements false or misleading and that all reasonable enquiries to ascertain such facts have been made 
and that this resolution and additional disclosure in terms of paragraph 11.26 of the JSE Listings Requirements pertaining thereto contain all 
information required by law and the JSE Listings Requirements.

MATERIAL CHANGES
Other than the facts and developments reported on in these annual financial statements, there have been no material changes in the affairs, 
financial or trading position of the group since the signature date of this annual report and the posting date thereof.

The following further disclosures required in terms of the JSE Listings Requirements are set out in accordance with the reference pages in 
these annual financial statements of which this notice forms part:
•  Directors and management – refer to pages 140 to 143 of this report;
•  Major shareholders of the company – refer to page 168 of this report;
•  Directors’ interest in the company’s shares – refer page 194 of this report;
•  Share capital of the company – refer page 168 of this report.

In terms of schedule 14 of the JSE Listings Requirements, equity securities held by a share trust or a scheme will not have their votes at a 
general  meeting  or  annual  general  meeting  taken  into  account  for  the  purposes  of  resolutions  proposed  in  terms  of  the  JSE  Listings 
Requirements.

By order of the board

MS Viljoen
Company Secretary

Pretoria
15 March 2011

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 307

NOTICE OF ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING CONTINUED

SHORT BIOGRAPHIES OF EXXARO DIRECTORS SEEKING RE-ELECTION

Name: VZ Mntambo – Zwelibanzi (53)
Designation: Non-executive director
Academic qualifications: BJuris, LLB (UNW), LLM (Yale)
Experience: Zwelibanzi is executive chairman of ASG Business Solutions. He was previously senior lecturer at the University of Natal; executive 
director of IMSSA; director-general of Gauteng Province and chairman of the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration. He is 
chairman of Metrobus (Pty) Limited, Mainstreet 333 (Pty) Limited, director of SA Tourism (Pty) Limited and Aveng Limited.

Name: NL Sowazi – Nkululeko (47)
Designation: Non-executive director
Academic qualifications: BA; MA (UCLA)
Experience: Nkululeko is founding executive chairman of the Tiso Group, a black-controlled investment holding company with interests in 
natural resources, infrastructure and industrial services. Nkululeko was previously executive deputy chairman of JSE-listed banking group, 
African  Bank  Investments  Limited  (ABIL)  and  managing  director  of  the  Mortgage  Indemnity  Fund  (Pty)  Limited.  He  is  chairman  of  Idwala 
Industrial Holdings, the Home Loan Guarantee Company, the Financial Markets Trust, and serves on the boards of Aveng Limited, Alstom 
South Africa, Trident Steel, Emira Property Fund and African Explosives Limited.

Name: J van Rooyen – Jeff (61)
Designation: Non-executive director
Academic qualifications: BCom (SA); BCompt (hons) (SA); CA(SA)
Experience: Director of various companies in the Uranus Group. Non-executive director of MTN Group Limited and Pick n Pay Stores Limited. 
Trustee of the International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation and member of the University of Pretoria’s faculty of economic and 
management sciences oversight board. Former partner in Deloitte and Touche, former chairman of Public Accountants and Auditors Board, 
former  CEO  of  Financial  Services  Board  and  former  adviser  to  the  late  Ms  Stella  Sigcau,  Minister  of  Public  Enterprises.  Jeff  is  a  founder 
member and former president of the Association for the Advancement of Black Accountants of South Africa.

Name: D Zihlangu – Rain (44)
Designation: Non-executive director
Academic qualifications: BSc (min eng) (Wits); MDP (SBL, Unisa); MBA (WBS, Wits)
Experience: Dalikhaya is chief executive officer of Eyabantu Capital Consortium. Between 1989 and 1994 he was a stoper/developer and shift 
boss at Vaal Reefs Gold Mining Company. From 1995 until 2002, he was a shift boss, mine overseer, operations manager and mine manager 
at Impala Platinum Limited. Dalikhaya was chief executive officer of Alexkor Limited from 2002 until 2005. From 2006, Dalikhaya has been a 
non-executive director of the South African National Oil and Gas Company (PetroSA). He is chairman of PetroSA’s human capital committee 
and serves on its business strategy committee.

308 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

FORM OF PROXY

EXXARO RESOURCES LIMITED
(Incorporated in the Republic of South Africa)
(Registration No 2000/011076/06)
JSE share code: EXX
ISIN: ZAE 000084992
ADR code: EXXAY
(“Exxaro” or “the company”)

POWERING POSSIBILITY

TO BE COMPLETED BY CERTIFICATED SHAREHOLDERS AND DEMATERIALISED SHAREHOLDERS WITH “OWN NAME” 
REGISTRATION ONLY

For completion by registered members of Exxaro unable to attend the annual general meeting of the company to be held at 09:00 on Thursday, 
19 May 2011, at the Exxaro Corporate Centre, Roger Dyason Road, Pretoria West, South Africa or at any adjournment of that meeting.

A shareholder is entitled to appoint one or more proxies (none of whom needs to be a shareholder of Exxaro) to attend, speak and vote or 
abstain from voting in the place of that shareholder at the annual general meeting.

I/We

of (address)

being the holder/s of 

1. 

2. 

shares in the company, do hereby appoint:

or, failing him/her

or, failing him/her

the chairman of the annual general meeting, as my/our proxy to attend, speak and, on a poll, vote on my/our behalf at the annual general 
meeting of members to be held at 09:00 on Thursday, 19 May 2011 at the Exxaro Corporate Centre, Roger Dyason Road, Pretoria West, 
Gauteng or at any adjournment of that meeting, and to vote or abstain from voting as follows on the ordinary and special resolutions to be 
proposed at such meeting:

For

Against

Abstain

Ordinary business
1. Resolution to adopt the 2010 audited group financial statements
2. Resolution to re-elect VZ Mntambo as director required to retire by rotation in terms of article 

16.1 of the articles of association

3. Resolution to re-elect NL Sowazi as director required to retire by rotation in terms of article 16.1 

of the articles of association

4. Resolution to re-elect J van Rooyen as director required to retire by rotation in terms of article 

16.1 of the articles of association

5. Resolution to re-elect D Zihlangu as director required to retire by rotation in terms of article 16.1 

of the articles of association

6. Resolution to ratify/approve non-executive directors’ fees

6.1   Ratification of the remuneration of non-executive directors for the period 1 January 2010 to 

31 December 2010

6.2   Approval the remuneration of non-executive directors for the period 1 January 2011 to 

31 December 2011

7. Resolution to appoint audit, risk and compliance committee members
8. Resolution to approve, through a non-binding advisory note, the company’s remuneration policy 

and its implementation, as set out in the Remuneration Report

9. Resolution to appoint PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) as independent auditors of the company 

and to note D Shango as the designated audit partner

10. Resolution to authorise the auditors’ fees for the period ended 31 December 2010
11. Resolution to authorise directors to allot and issue unissued ordinary shares
12. Resolution to authorise directors to issue shares for cash
13. Resolution to authorise directors and/or the Company Secretary to implement the resolutions set 

out in the notice convening the annual general meeting

Special business
1. Special resolution to authorise directors to repurchase company shares

Please indicate with an “X” in the appropriate spaces provided above how you wish your vote to be cast. If no indication is given, the proxy 
may vote or abstain as he/she sees fit.

Signed at 

Signature

Assisted by me, where applicable (name and signature)

Please read the notes on the reverse side hereof.

this 

day of 

2011

EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010 309

NOTES TO THE FORM OF PROXY

1.  A form of proxy is only to be completed by those ordinary shareholders who are:
1.1  holding ordinary shares in certificated form; or
1.2  recorded on sub-register electronic form in ‘own name’.

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

 If you have already dematerialised your ordinary shares through a central securities depository participant (CSDP) or broker and wish to 
attend the annual general meeting, you must request your CSDP or broker to provide you with a letter of representation or you must 
instruct your CSDP or broker to vote by proxy on your behalf in terms of the agreement entered into between yourself and your CSDP or 
broker.

 A member may insert the name of a proxy or the names of two alternative proxies of the member’s choice in the space.  The person 
whose name stands first on the form of proxy and who is present at the annual general meeting of shareholders will be entitled to act to 
the exclusion of those whose names follow.

 On a show of hands, a member of the company present in person or by proxy will have one vote, irrespective of the number of shares 
he/she holds or represents, provided that a proxy shall, irrespective of the number of members he/she represents, have only one vote.  
On a poll, a member who is present in person or represented by proxy will be entitled to that proportion of the total votes in the company 
which the aggregate amount of the nominal value of shares held by him/her bears to the aggregate amount of the nominal value of all 
shares issued by the company.

 A member’s instructions to the proxy must be indicated by inserting the relevant numbers of votes exercisable by the member in the box 
provided.  Failure to comply with this will be deemed to authorise the proxy to vote or to abstain from voting at the annual general meeting 
as he/she deems fit in respect of all the member’s exercisable votes. A member or the proxy is not obliged to use all the votes exercisable 
by the member or by the proxy, but the total of the votes cast and in respect of which abstention is recorded may not exceed the total of 
the votes exercisable by the member or by the proxy.

6. 

 Forms of proxy must be lodged at or posted to Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited, to be received not later than 48 hours 
before the time fixed for the meeting (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays).

For shareholders on the South African register:
Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited
Ground Floor
70 Marshall Street
Johannesburg
2001
PO Box 61051
Marshalltown
2107
www.computershare.com
Tel: +27 11 370 5000

Over-the-counter American depository receipt (ADR) holders:
 Exxaro has an ADR facility with The Bank of New York (BoNY) under a deposit agreement. ADR holders may instruct BoNY how the 
shares represented by their ADRs should be voted.
American Depository Receipt Facility (ADR)
Bank of New York
101 Barclay Street
New York, NY 10286
www.adrbny.com
shareowners@bankofny.com
Tel: +(00-1) 888 815 5133

7. 

8. 

 Completing and lodging this form of proxy will not preclude the relevant member from attending the annual general meeting and speaking 
and voting in person to the exclusion of any appointed proxy.

 Documentary evidence establishing the authority of a person signing this form of proxy in a representative capacity or other legal capacity 
must be attached to this form of proxy, unless previously recorded by the transfer secretaries or waived by the chairman of the annual 
general meeting.

9.  Any alteration or correction made to this form of proxy must be initialled by the signatory/ies.

10.   Notwithstanding  the  aforegoing,  the  chairman  of  the  annual  general  meeting  may  waive  any  formalities  that  would  otherwise  be  a 

prerequisite for a valid proxy.

11.   If any shares are jointly held, all joint members must sign this form of proxy.  If more than one of those members is present at the annual 

general meet, either in person or by proxy, the person whose name first appears in the register will be entitled to vote.

310 EXXARO INTEGRATED ANNUAL REPORT 2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ADMINISTRATION

Secretary and registered office
MS Viljoen
Exxaro Resources Limited
Roger Dyason Road
Pretoria West
0183
PO Box 9229
Pretoria
0001
South Africa
Telephone +27 12 307 5000

Company registration number: 2000/011076/06

JSE share code: EXX
ISIN code: ZAE000084992

Auditors 
Deloitte & Touche
Private Bag X6
Gallo Manor
2052

Commercial bankers
Absa Bank Limited

Corporate law advisers
CLS Consulting Services (Pty) Limited

United States ADR Depository
The Bank of New York
101 Barclay Street
New York NY 10286
United States of America

Sponsor
Deutsche Securities (SA) (Pty) Limited
3 Exchange Square
87 Maude Street
Sandton
2196

Registrars
Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited
Ground Floor, 70 Marshall Street
Johannesburg
2001
PO Box 61051
Marshalltown
2107

SHAREHOLDERS’ DIARY

FINANCIAL YEAR-END

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING

REPORTS AND ACCOUNTS
Announcement of annual results
Annual Report
Interim report for the half-year ending 30 June

DISTRIBUTION
Final dividend declaration
Payment
Interim dividend declaration
Payment

31 December

May

Published
February
March
August

February
March/April
August
September/October

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the NAPM recycled mark. The body of this document is printed on Cartridge 105gsm. A minimum of 30% fibre used in making this paper 
comes from well-managed forests independently certified according to the rules of the Forest Stewardship Council.

Carbon offset
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BASTION GRAPHICS

Exxaro Resources Limited
Roger Dyason Road
Pretoria West
Pretoria
0183
Telephone 
+27 12 307 5000

www.exxaro.com

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