Quarterlytics / Energy / Coal / Exxaro Resources Ltd / FY2012 Annual Report

Exxaro Resources Ltd
Annual Report 2012

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FY2012 Annual Report · Exxaro Resources Ltd
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INTEGRATED REPORT 2012

www.exxaro.com

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p I

CONTENTS

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Profile
About this report
Exxaro at a glance

Mining and other operations
Mining industry in South Africa
Macro-economic context
Message from the chairman
Message from the CEO

Business strategy

Future focus/outlook

Risk management and material issues
Compliance

Sustainability
Stakeholder engagement

Performance in 2012
Performance against targets

Human capital 
People — development 
Safety
People — workforce
Health and hygiene
Remuneration report

Natural capital
Environmental management
Mineral reserves and resources

Social capital
Local economic development
Developing the body of knowledge
Sustainable procurement
Infrastructure development

Manufactured capital

Financial capital
Executive committee
Directorate
Governance practices
Application of King III
Abridged financial statements
Group financial performance in brief

Additional information
Mining charter scorecard
Assurance statement
Shareholders analysis
Notice of annual general meeting
Form of proxy
Administration

1
2

4
9
11
14
16

18

24

32
51

52
63

70
79

84
86
90
95
103
110

118
120
156

188
190
195
198
200

202

206
208
210
214
215

312
314
320
324
326
338
IBC

p II

PROFILE

The story of Exxaro is an unfolding one — just six years since its formation, Exxaro 
nonetheless draws on a pedigree and wealth of skills that stretch back decades. 
It is a company rooted in South Africa and respected among its peers for its 
innovation, ethics and integrity.

Building on an established base, Exxaro is one of the largest South African-based 
diversified resources groups, with interests in the coal, mineral sands, ferrous and 
energy commodities. The second-largest coal producer in South Africa with current 
production of 40 million tonnes per annum, Exxaro is listed on the JSE Limited, where 
it is a constituent of the Top 40 and the Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) indices 
respectively.

At 31 December 2012, Exxaro had assets of R41,6 billion and a market capitalisation 
of R60 billion (US$7 billion).

With a strong well-executed strategy, top-quartile returns, access to funds and 
good quality resources, Exxaro provides a unique listed investment opportunity 
into its chosen commodities. Exxaro was one of the top 10 globally in terms of 
total shareholder returns in 2012 (page 83). We are well on track to add significant 
value to all our stakeholders by tripling our market value from the 2010 baseline 
to US$20 billion by 2020.

TOTAL ASSETS OF

R41,6bn

SECOND-LARGEST COAL  
PRODUCER IN SA

40Mtpa 

COMMODITY PORTFOLIO

COAL

TITANIUM DIOXIDE

FERROUS

ENERGY

R60bn

MARKET  
CAPITALISATION

HEPS of 1 401 cents — down 33%  
AEPS of 2 734 cents — up 24% 

Final dividend of 150 cents per share — down 70%

Total dividend of 500 cents per share — down 38%

ABOUT THIS REPORT

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 01

Exxaro produces an integrated annual report detailing its economic, social and 
environmental performance for a group-wide understanding, and sets out the 
challenges and opportunities ahead. This report covers the financial year to 
31 December 2012, and key subsequent developments, and follows the 2011 report.

Content is guided by legislative and regulatory requirements, including the Companies 
Act No. 71 of 2008, as amended (Companies Act), and the JSE Listings Requirements, 
as well as global best-practice standards, including the International Integrated 
Reporting Committee, United Nations Global Compact, Global Reporting Initiative 
(GRI G3), the King Report on Governance for South Africa 2009 (King III) and 
ongoing consultation with stakeholders. Given revised reporting requirements by the 
Department of Mineral Resources in terms of the mining charter scorecard, Exxaro will 
disclose its performance per mining right post the end-March deadline on its website 
www.exxaro.com. Group performance is disclosed in this report.

The content of this report has again been prepared in line with GRI intermediate 
application level B+. The expanded GRI Index is available on the website  
www.exxaro.com

The report, which is only produced in English, together with further elaboration is also 
available on our website www.exxaro.com or on CD on request. The methodologies for 
determining specific indicators are summarised in the text or detailed in our GRI index.

Corporate activity and non-recurring transactions or accounting entries since Exxaro’s 
inception make data comparability challenging in some areas; this is explained where 
it will aid understanding. This report includes limited information on operations where 
we do not have management control but have a significant equity interest which can 
include joint control: Chifeng Refinery (Inner Mongolia, China), Mafube coal joint 
venture, Sishen Iron Ore Company and Cennergi (all in South Africa). We report on our 
mineral sands operations on a limited basis for the first six months of the period only, 
after which management passed to Tronox Limited.

We have reported LTIs and fatalities for our Mayoko operation, and in future, we will 
expand the sustainability indicators for this operation.

Throughout its formative years, Exxaro’s earlier adoption of triple bottom-line 
reporting has remained a cornerstone of our commitment to sustainability and 
of our determination to entrench global safety and sustainability best practices 
in all operations.

Disclaimer

Opinions expressed in this 
report are, by nature, subject 
to known and unknown risks 
and uncertainties. Changing 
information or circumstances 
may cause the actual results, 
plans and objectives of Exxaro 
Resources Limited to differ 
materially from those expressed 
or implied in any forward-
looking statements. Financial 
forecasts and data in this report 
are estimates which at times 
are based on reports prepared 
by experts who, in turn, may 
have relied on management 
estimates. Undue reliance 
should not be placed on such 
opinions, forecasts or data. No 
representation is made on the 
completeness or correctness of 
opinions, forecasts or data in 
this report. Neither the company 
nor any of its affiliates, advisors 
or representatives accepts any 
responsibility for any loss arising 
from the use of any opinion 
expressed, forecast or data in 
this report. Forward-looking 
statements apply only as of the 
date on which they are made and 
the company does not undertake 
any obligation to publicly update 
or revise any of its opinions or 
forward-looking statements, 
whether to reflect new data or 
future events or circumstances. 
The financial information on 
which the forward-looking 
statements are based have not 
been audited nor reported on 
by the company’s independent 
external auditors.

Ongoing feedback from a range of stakeholders helps us to contextualise  

certain issues better for more informed understanding by readers. 

Contact:

Hanno Olinger | Manager: Sustainability 

Tel: +27 12 307 3359 | Fax: +27 12 307 5327 | Mobile: +27 83 609 1094 

Email: Hanno.Olinger@exxaro.com | www.exxaro.com

p 02

EXXARO AT A GLANCE

Shareholding

Coal

Ferrous

Mineral sands

Base metals

Energy

Main Street 333 Proprietary Limited (BEE HoldCo)

   Industrial Development Corporation
   Eyesizwe•
   Eyabantu•
   TISO•
   Basadi Ba Kopane•

Anglo American plc*

Minorities (Free float)

Other non-public shareholders

*  Held through Anglo South Africa Capital Proprietary Limited
•  Special Purpose vehicles for shareholders in Main Street 333 Proprietary Limited

%

52,14

15,3

54,1

9,7

9,7

11,2

9,71

35,29

2,86

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 03

Return to shareholders
Since the creation of Exxaro in November 2006, the following dividends have been declared 

Period ended

Dividend (cps)

R million

 including STC1 Date declared

Date paid/payable

R million

30 June 2007

31 December 2007

30 June 2008

31 December 2008

30 June 2009

31 December 2009

30 June 2010

31 December 2010

30 June 2011

31 December 2011

30 June 2012

31 December 2012

60

100

175

200

100

100

200

300

300

500

350

150

211

353

620

710

356

357

715

1 074

1 076

1 771

1 252

537

211

15 August 2007

10 September 2007

353

20 February 2008

17 March 2008

620

13 August 2008

22 September 2008

710

23 February 2009

30 March 2009

356

357

19 August 2009

28 September 2009

24 February 2010

19 April 2010

715

11 August 2010

4 October 2010

1 074

23 February 2011

11 April 2011

1 076

16 August 2011

26 September 2011

1 771

21 February 2012

2 April 2012

1 252

31 July 2012

25 September 2012

537

6 March 2013

15 April 2013

1  No STC (secondary tax on companies) is payable due to the use of STC credits arising from dividend receipts from SIOC. The STC dispensation was 

replaced by a new dividends tax with effect from 1 April 2012.

Values
•  Empowered to grow and contribute — developing and deploying our knowledge and ingenuity to achieve our vision. 

We focus on people, create freedom to innovate and collaborate, respect individuality, have fun and rise to challenges

•  Teamwork — we succeed together through a climate of respect and equality

•  Committed to excellence — we take ownership, provide visible leadership and encourage collaboration, commitment and 

creativity for the benefit of all

•  Honest responsibility — we speak the truth and accept accountability for our actions.

01

mining 
and other 
operations

Haultruck used at Grootegeluk to haul coal from benches to tipping bins

p 06

MINING AND OTHER OPERATIONS

Coal
Through eight managed coal mines, Exxaro produces 40Mtpa of power station, 
steam and coking coal. All power station coal is supplied to the national power utility, 
Eskom, and municipal power stations. Grootegeluk is one of the most-efficient mining 
operations in the world, and operates the world’s largest coal beneficiation complex. 
A robust pipeline of greenfield and expansion projects will result in Exxaro remaining 
one of the largest coal producers in South Africa. Exxaro also produces char and 
related products for the rapidly growing ferroalloys industry.

Production for year ended  
31 December (000t)

Sales for year ended  
31 December 2012

Operation

Products

2012

2011

2010

000t 

% export

Grootegeluk mine 

Power station coal (Eskom)

13 976

14 909

14 294

14 174

Semi-soft coking coal

Steam coal

Leeuwpan mine

Power station coal (Eskom)

Steam coal 

Tshikondeni mine

Coking coal (ArcelorMittal)

Mafube coal

Steam coal

Inyanda mine

Steam coal

Exxaro Reductants

Char

Arnot mine

Matla mine

Power station coal (Eskom)

Power station coal (Eskom)

New Clydesdale mine Steam coal

North Block Complex Power station coal (Eskom)

Steam coal 

2 027

1 513

2 320

1 524

339

1 845

43

2 081

10 948

717

2 717

1 862

1 460

2 151

1 879

299

1 918

142

2 291

2 419

1 441

1 688

1 408

285

1 779

114

4 173

10 150

12 288

628

2 265

81

850

2 674

697

2 043

1 455

1 922

1 761

283

1 100

1 623

62

2 081

10 941

623

2 249

32

1

15

100

81

88

Mineral sands
Exxaro’s mineral sands operations consist of a 26% direct equity interest in KZN 
Sands and the Western Cape operations of Namakwa Sands as well as a 44,65% 
equity interest in US-listed Tronox Limited (Tronox) which owns the remaining 
74% in KZN Sands and Namakwa Sands in addition to other mineral sands 
interests outside of South Africa. Tronox is the world’s largest fully integrated 
producer of titanium ore and titanium dioxide (TiO2).

 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 07

Production for year ended  
31 December 
(000t)

2012*

147

9

7

46

5

66

12

183

54

18

58

68

13

73

11

7

54

4

26

2011

168

2010

236

28

17

51

7

129

22

377

135

31

109

1

152

27

226

32

19

110

10

76

32

17

71

12

113

29

251

129

28

82

119

23

231

35

18

90

13

57

Sales for 
year ended
31 December 
2012
(000t)

2012*

6

4

19

1

65

13

24

13

47

72

15

15

7

7

12

4

20

Operation

KZN Sands 

Products

Ilmenite

Zircon 

Rutile

Pig iron

Scrap iron

Chloride slag

Sulphate slag

Namakwa Sands

Ilmenite

Zircon

Rutile

Pig iron

Scrap iron

Chloride slag

Sulphate slag

Australia Sands

Ilmenite

Zircon

Rutile

Synthetic rutile

Leucoxene

Pigment

*  Production and sales volumes from 1 January 2012 to 15 June 2012

Base metals
In line with its strategy to exit this commodity, Exxaro’s remaining base metals 
portfolio now only includes its effective 11,97% and 26% interests in the Chifeng 
zinc refinery in China and Black Mountain in South Africa, respectively. The sale 
of Rosh Pinah mine was finalised in June 2012 and the Zincor refinery closed in 
December 2011.

Production for year 
ended 31 December 
(000t)

Sales for year ended  
31 December  
(000t)

2012

33

6

2011

89

73

16

2012

37

4

2011

86

18

Zinc concentrate (Rosh Pinah)

Zinc metal (Zincor)

Lead concentrate (Rosh Pinah)

p 08 MINING AND OTHER 
OPERATIONS

Ferrous
Exxaro’s acquisition of African Iron Limited in 2012 gives substance to our strategy 
of expanding into the ferrous metals sector. This operation and related exploration 
opportunities in the Republic of Congo, an iron ore development frontier, provide 
an attractive platform for further growth in a key commodity. We believe the 
fundamentals of iron ore are positive in the medium to long term and we are drawing 
on inhouse expertise and experience in mining bulk commodities to unlock this 
potential. Production is expected to begin in the second half of 2013.

On the alloy side of our business, Exxaro FerroAlloys produced and sold a record 
volume of gas-atomised ferrosilicon for use in dense medium separation plants during 
the year.

AlloyStreamTM, a proprietary technology development in cooperation with Assmang 
to produce high-carbon ferromanganese, successfully operated a large-scale 
demonstration facility for a record campaign spanning seven months. The furnace will 
be relined for a second campaign beginning mid-2013.

Energy
In terms of Exxaro’s strategy, we are actively participating in renewable energy 
initiatives, both to ensure security of supply for our own operations and to reduce our 
carbon footprint.

During the year, our joint venture with Tata Power was officially launched as Cennergi 
Proprietary Limited. This company is the preferred bidder for the Department of 
Energy on two wind projects in the Eastern Cape:

•  Amakhala Emoyeni wind farm near Bedford (140MW)

•  Tsitsikamma Community wind farm in Mfengu community land (95MW).

Encouragingly, Cennergi received an award for its contribution to the country’s wind 
industry from SAWEA (South Africa Wind Energy Association), reflecting both the 
quality of its projects and its broader contribution to developing renewable energy 
solutions. As part of each wind farm, Cennergi and its partners have developed 
detailed and consultative plans for community development.

In addition, construction is under way on a co-generation plant at Namakwa Sands, 
on South Africa’s west coast. While this operation is now managed by Tronox Limited, 
we believe co-generation is an important alternative energy supply in our country. 
Beyond our borders, Exxaro is making progress on a coal-bed methane exploration 
project in Botswana.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 09

Watershed for the industry

Trade union militancy and 
violence in the mining sector 
entered a new era in 2001 
when new labour legislation 
enabled three strong unions 
(NUM1, UASA2 and Solidarity) 
to finalise the agreements that 
would ensure most workers 
were represented in all 
formal bargaining structures. 
Through consultation and 
collective bargaining, multi-
year wage agreements 
became commonplace and 
the level of strike action 
dropped dramatically.

Several factors coincided to 
create the ‘perfect storm’ in 
2012. The rise of a breakaway 
union from NUM in the form 
of AMCU (Association of 
Mineworkers and Construction 
Union) and a breakaway party 
from the ruling ANC brought 
a new dimension to the trade 
union scene in South Africa, 
fanning a wave of unprotected 
strikes that cost the country 
over R10 billion in lost 
production and estimates of 
R18 billion once exports were 
included. Sadly, the strikes 
also cost individuals millions in 
lost wages, exacerbated by the 
impact of debt taken on to fund 
their lives and their families in 
the meantime. Protest actions 
were concentrated in the gold 
and platinum sectors, with 
some unrest in the iron ore and 
coal sectors. 

The tragic loss of life, scale of 
wage demands and protracted 
negotiations combined to 
dent confidence and economic 
growth prospects, resulting in 
sovereign downgrades from 
ratings agencies. In October, 
the country’s finance minister 
noted that declining mining 
output and spread of strike 
activity had also depressed 
activity in related industries 
such as manufacturing, logistics 
and services, adversely affecting 
GDP, tax revenues, exports and 
employment.

1  National Union of Mineworkers
2  United Association of South Africa

Mining industry in South Africa
Following the discovery of diamonds and gold late in the 19th century, mineral wealth 

rapidly became the cornerstone of the South African economy. This changed midway 

through the 20th century as other sectors became more prominent in the makeup of 

gross domestic product or GDP.

South Africa remains a major repository of global mineral reserves, the world’s 
leading producer of platinum, vanadium, ferrochromium, vermiculite, uranium, lead 
and copper, and among the top ten in gold, coal, nickel, iron ore, titanium oxide and 
aluminium. Pertinent to Exxaro, the value of coal exports now exceeds gold, with South 
Africa ranking fourth in world coal reserves, seventh in production and fifth in exports.

Leeuwpan mine

p 10 MINING AND OTHER 
OPERATIONS

Observers say labour action in 
2012 arose because traditional 
unions appeared to be losing 
touch with the needs of their 
members, and due to the lack 
of significant improvement 
in worker conditions — fertile 
ground for a new union or 
political party looking to win 
support.

A respected South African 
economist stated at the time 
that while high salary demands 
had created impossible 
expectations, he believed the 
crisis would bring employers 
and unions together, given the 
growing understanding from 
all fronts that these high wage 
demands were just not possible 
and raised the risk of wide-scale 
job losses in the near future.

As with all politically motivated 
interpretation, the very real 
progress made by the industry 
in the past decade was largely 
ignored — progress covering 
economic empowerment, 
improved working conditions 
and wage levels, often 
accompanied by monetary 
benefits based on productivity 
and safety.

Using Exxaro as example, our 
people became shareholders 
in 2006 and benefited from 
a R1 billion payout last year 
when our first employee share 
option scheme matured. 
The new Mpower scheme 
runs until 2017. We have 
made excellent progress in 
housing, with two thirds of 
our workforce now providing 
their own accommodation 
(bought or rented). Over the 
past six years, Exxaro has 
spent almost R1 billion on 
training and development, 
and through the Exxaro 
Chairman’s Fund and Exxaro 
Foundation over R184 million 
in various community 
development initiatives — from 
literacy training to enterprise 
development, from community 
health to education.

We understand these 
contributions underpin our own 
sustainability and, therefore, 
our ability to continue sharing 
our growth with stakeholders. 
We remain committed to this 
inclusive approach wherever 
we operate.

Equally, the mining sector is critical to the economic health of the country. The sector 

accounts for around 30% of the value of the JSE and, according to the Chamber of 

Mines, contributes:

•  Almost 19% of the country’s GDP (over 9% direct). Because mineral resources are 
often concentrated in remote areas, mining can account for the bulk of regional 
or provincial GDP

•  Over 50% of the total foreign exchange earnings of South Africa

•  Over 1,3 million jobs (some 514 000 directly, translating into an annual wage bill of 
R90 billion). The social multiplier from mining is very significant for South Africa 
Given a dependency ratio of about 10:1, this means over 13,5 million people depend 
daily on jobs created in the sector for the food on their table

•  Some R437 billion in expenditures, 90% of which is spent locally

•  About 25% of all investment in the economy is related to the mining sector

•  50% of the carrying capacity of Transnet’s rail and ports networks

•  Helps provide around 72% of the country’s primary energy needs

•  Over 17% of direct corporate tax receipts (worth around R26 billion) and R5,5 billion 

in royalties

•  Some R800 million on corporate social investment programmes (2011), in addition 

to social and labour plan and mining charter commitments

•  Over R4 billion on skills development (2011).

Given this strategic importance, in 2012, tripartite task teams composed of government, 
labour and business representatives identified a number of constraints that were 
affecting the growth and competitiveness of the South African mining industry. These 
include the shortage of key infrastructure, such as rail and port capacity and insufficient 
supply of water and energy. These constraints have largely contributed to the decline in 
South Africa’s share of global exploration expenditure from 5% in 2004 to 1% in 2011.

By reinstating mining as the cornerstone of the country’s economy, the tripartite 
initiative is ensuring focused and sustained political leadership. The announcement 
of a multi-year infrastructural programme by President Zuma in his February 2012 
state of the nation address was an important breakthrough. State agencies such as 
Transnet and Eskom have subsequently made specific project announcements to 
alleviate the effects of constraints on the industry. As example, with the appropriate 
rail infrastructure in place, we could lift the mining sector’s annual growth rate from 
1% to 7%.

Despite the turmoil in the industry that made global headlines in 2012 and continued 
into the new year (sidebar), mining remains a key investment proposition in South 
Africa. All agree that the country’s mining sector has changed forever: labour costs 
will be higher in the long term, labour relations will remain unpredictable in the shorter 
term and risks will rise. However, over the past decade, mining companies operating 
in South Africa have built a proven record of managing these risks through formal 
bargaining structures, albeit more effectively at some times than others.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 11

Macro-economic context
For most of 2012, global economic growth was suppressed by extreme uncertainty 
around policies in the critical economies of the United States (fiscal cliff), euro zone 
(sovereign-debt crisis) and China (political and economic transition). Since then, the 
United States has avoided the fiscal cliff, investors seem to be calmer about the euro 
zone debt crisis and China has escaped a hard landing.

In 2013, global real GDP growth is expected to remain subdued at around 2,6% mainly 
due to mixed performances across regions. Early indications are that growth is picking 
up in China and Latin America, while the euro zone’s economy is stabilising (albeit at 
depressed levels). For different reasons growth is expected to weaken in North America 
(US fiscal tightening), Japan (downward trajectory of domestic demand) and the Middle 
East and North Africa (declining oil revenues).

Emerging-market economies continued to grow at the 5% level and are on track to 
reach 5,3% in 2013. But growth is not projected to rebound to the higher rates of 
7,34% and 6,21% recorded in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Supportive policies have 
underpinned much of the recent economic acceleration in many of these economies.

South Africa’s GDP growth declined from 3,5% in 2011 to 2,5% in 2012. Growth is 
expected to remain below trend in 2013 since export growth is constrained by weak 
global demand and a volatile currency. Ongoing recessionary conditions in the 
euro zone will limit South Africa’s exports of manufactured goods, but an improved 
economic outlook for China should boost demand for resources. Domestically, the 
consumer’s personal finances are expected to be pressured by rising prices, fears of 
monetary tightening and high debt levels.

Gross domestic product

10

8

6

4%

2

0

-2

World

China

USA

Eurozone

Japan

South Africa

2011

2012

2013e

p 12 MINING AND OTHER 
OPERATIONS

South Africa’s average annual consumer price index (CPI) increased to 5,6% in 2012, 
after 5% in 2011. The 2013 rate is expected to be about 5,8% mainly as a result of 
the upward pressure from food prices and above-inflation wage and electricity tariff 
increases. The reweighting and rebasing of CPI, effective January 2013, is forecast to 
have limited impact.

SA consumer price index

2013e

2012

2011

4,0

4,5

5,0

%

5,5

6,0

In the second half of 2012, for the first time since the Eskom power challenges in 2008, 
local factors started to affect the rand. These are twofold: socio-economic and the 
balance of payments. Ongoing violent and unprotected labour strikes, coupled with 
several sovereign downgrades and widening of the current account deficit weakened 
the currency, from an average of 7,93 to the dollar in the first half of 2012 to 8,47 
in the second half. These concerns spilled over into 2013 with the rand depreciating 
further to 9,16 to the dollar on 12 March 2013.

The current account deficit is expected to increase further as investment accelerates, 
particularly government infrastructure spending, necessitating higher imports, with 
exports lagging on slow global demand. Upward pressures on the rand, which are 
expected to cushion the longer-term depreciating bias of the currency, include South 
Africa’s steady accumulation of reserves, underpinning foreign-investor interest 
and rising commodity prices as global growth gradually increases. Rand volatility is 
expected to continue in 2013 — an average of 8,55 to the dollar is forecast for the year.

ZAR/USD average exchange rate

2013e

2012

2011

6,5

7,0

7,5

8,0

8,5

9,0

%

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 13

Commodity review
While 2011 was a year of ‘storm after the calm’, 2012 was a ‘sideways to downwards’ 

year for commodity fundamentals. With a second-half price collapse and severe 

destocking, some commodities dipped to spot levels below marginal cost support. 

In contrast, 2013 is expected to be a ‘rebuilding’ year, with fundamentals and returns 

moving sideways to up as global commodity demand gradually picks up and works its 

way through still-constrained commodity production and distribution capacity.

Global crude steel production is estimated to have risen by 1,2% in 2012 to 1 548Mt. 

In China, crude steel production expanded by about 3% from 2011 to some 717Mt. 

China’s share of world production increased from 45,4% in 2011 to 46,3% in 2012. 

Output in the USA increased by 2,5% while Europe declined by 2,7%. Global crude 

steel production is expected to continue growing in 2013 with output improving by 

a projected 3,4%.

Global crude 
steel production

2013e

Hard coking 
coal prices

In the second half of 2012, coking coal prices fell to lows last seen during the global 

2013e

financial crisis. Supply from the USA (as the swing producer) started to erode as a 

result. In 2013, market conditions are expected to improve on supply cuts and better 

steel market fundamentals in key Asian import markets, namely Japan, India and 

China. The average coking coal contract price is expected to range between US$175/t 

and US$200/t, free on board (FOB) Australia.

Despite growing demand in Asia and economics that favoured coal over gas in Europe, 

2012 seaborne steam coal market prices declined significantly, even below marginal 

cost support levels at some stages, as global supply remained abundant. In response, 

suppliers rationalised production. The average Richards Bay FOB spot steam coal price 

for 2012, at US$93,09/t, was some 20% lower than in 2011. The 2013 price outlook for 

steam coal remains flat with downward risk.

In September 2012, the iron fine ore spot price declined to US$86,7/t, cost and freight 

(CFR) China — levels last seen in 2009 — given particularly bearish global sentiment, 

uncertainty in the Chinese steel sector and a focus on deeper-than-anticipated 

destocking. This has led to the reassessment and review of some existing iron ore 

projects. In turn, 2013 has started on a positive note with spot prices reaching highs 

of US$158,9/t. Supply concerns, restocking efforts and positive sentiment were key 

drivers of this price rally. The average 2013 Australian FOB contract fine ore price is 

expected to remain around US$120-130/t.

Calendar 2012 was a challenging time for the titanium value chain. Prices for both 
feedstocks and titanium dioxide (TiO2) pigment weakened after a period of extended 
increases. The zircon market declined drastically, following a cycle of rapid price 

increases with significant structural changes in zircon intensity in porcelain tile 

manufacturing. The demand gap of 2012 is expected to continue into 2013, with 
average prices for TiO2 feedstocks, zircon and TiO2 pigment considerably lower.

Seaborne steam 
coal spot prices

2013e

Contract iron 
ore prices

2013e

TiO2 feedstocks, 
Zircon and TiO2 
pigment prices

2013e

p 14

MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRMAN

Calendar 2012 will long be remembered as a watershed in the South African mining 
industry, a time in which the industry faced a number of challenges. Externally, these 
included political posturing with calls for nationalisation and enforced transformation. 
Internally, the industry faced a wave of unprotected strikes often with tragic 
consequences and an estimated total value of production lost of over R10 billion. 
Cumulatively, these challenges dented confidence and economic growth prospects 
after international ratings agencies downgraded the sovereign outlook. Equally, 
they have also raised investor concern about the security of their investments in the 
domestic mining industry.

We believe that the South African mining industry remains a significant and strategic 
force in the national economy, accounting for over 500 000 direct jobs, with the 
estimated number of dependants ranging up to five million, and another 800 000 
jobs indirectly.

South Africa is also one of the world’s richest countries by mineral reserves and 
production. As rising populations and urbanisation fuel demand for natural resources, 
the country heads global production of a number of key minerals. Equally, the South 
African mining industry is mature, innovative and world-class in many instances, and 
we believe opportunities for sustained growth are plentiful.

While Exxaro was relatively untouched by labour unrest in 2012, incidents of labour 
unrest have occurred at a number of Exxaro’s operations in March 2013. Respective 
employers in the Exxaro group signed an agreement on 22 March 2013 with the 
National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) to end the unprotected strike, which had 
lasted approximately three weeks, in terms of which all employees would return to 
work on 25 March. The full financial impact of the strikes is still to be determined, 
but all attempts will be made to make up the deficits. We will also continue working 
closely with the Chamber of Mines and our peers to ensure the sustainability of our 
collective industries.

As detailed in our strategy section on page 20, to succeed as a diversified miner 
in such a fluid environment requires a dynamic approach to fulfilling the inherent 
prerequisites.

1

2

3

4

5

6

STRATEGY
Clear execution of strategy

COMMODITIES
Choosing the right commodities 
to be exposed to

MANAGEMENT
Deep management track record 
and experience

CAPITAL ALLOCATION
Correct allocation of capital

CAPITALISED
Remain adequately capitalised
with stable dividend policy

RISKS
Understanding and mitigating risks

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 15

The extent to which Exxaro is succeeding in fully developing its strategy is clear. 

On the all-important measure of total return to shareholders, Exxaro ranks among the 

world’s best. Our focus on protecting and conserving our environment sets the group 

apart, as evidenced by our top ranking in the international Carbon Disclosure Project. 

Our record of innovation continues to expand, as does our reputation as an employer, 

reinforcing our sustainability.

Exxaro’s governance standards were developed against best practice, and they 

continue to guide our group as we expand our operating areas. Compliance, for our 

group, is a minimum standard and this report highlights areas where we are not only 

exceeding compliance but setting new standards for the industry.

As the discipline of integrated reporting evolves, Exxaro has taken a different 

approach to reporting to our stakeholders this year. Instead of detailed reports 

from the chairman and chief executive officer, we have included discussions on our 

performance drivers (page 72), approach to sustainability (page 54), operating 

environment, risk management and material issues (page 34). The in-depth report 

is available on our website www.exxaro.com and distilled into a concise, printed 

integrated report. We welcome your feedback on this approach. Our aim is to make 

our reporting understandable, meaningful and accurate, and this process will only be 

facilitated by your participation.

Exxaro is a young company, but backed by decades of experience. Despite a 

challenging year, its results are testimony to the calibre of people on the board, 

throughout the executive management structures — so capably led by Sipho Nkosi — 

and in the commitment of a workforce of over 7 700 people. My thanks to every 

one of you.

The building blocks for Exxaro’s long-term growth are firmly in place. While any mining 

company will always face risks beyond its control, the board believes Exxaro has the 

discipline, resources and people to deliver on its full potential.

Dr Len Konar

Chairman

28 March 2013

p 16

MESSAGE FROM THE CEO

Exxaro’s 2012 integrated annual report details the company’s vision, strategy, 
progress, risks and opportunities. As noted by the chairman, we are reporting in a 
different and more integrated format, and that gives me the latitude to communicate 
with you, our stakeholders, on what it is that sets Exxaro apart.

When Exxaro was formed six years ago through the merger of Kumba Resources 
and Eyesizwe, we committed to creating a company that would make a sustainable 
difference to South Africa both economically and socially. This was embodied in our 
vision: Through our innovation and growth, we will be a powerful source of endless 
possibilities. It was articulated in our belief that everything we do and deliver today 
will allow others to realise their vision tomorrow. It is evident in our practice of looking 
beyond our current commodities and operations to see the impact we have on people 
and the planet. It is embedded in a philosophy that enables our people to truly live by 
our values: empowered to grow and contribute, teamwork, committed to excellence 
and honest responsibility.

This approach gives us flexibility in a world changing every few months, and the 
understanding that we are part of the developing world, which is driving global growth.

Equally, we have developed an operating model that contributes to earnings, growth 
and sustainability. The past year has been an important one in Exxaro’s strategic 
development towards tripling our market value to US$20 billion by 2020.

We have made solid progress on most elements of our strategy, most notably:

•  Optimising our portfolio: reducing our exposure to base metals, merging our mineral 
sands interests with Tronox Limited, expanding our presence in the ferrous market 
and completing a major expansion in the coal market.

•  Ensuring Exxaro’s sustainability: our approach is based on best practice in 

integrating the constituent elements and stakeholders that make up our group and 
operating our business in a way that serves the best interests of all — from total 
returns to shareholders (page 83) to relocating protected baboon spiders (page 146) 
and spearheading innovations that will change an industry (page 204)

•  Protect Exxaro’s reputation: growing brand awareness, achievements and accolades 

during the year were our commitment to growing stronger

•  Develop our leadership and people: each year we invest well over the stipulated 
level in developing our people and the benefits are clear at every level, from 
research breakthroughs to real transformation in our management ranks

•  Achieve operational excellence: this will always be a process of continual 

improvement but our progress is evident in our results.

With these pillars entrenched in our business, we are well on track to tripling our 
market value in the next eight years. Importantly, given that world knowledge 
doubles every five years, we believe research and development is key to competing 
effectively. The benefits of our lengthy investments in research and development are 
now unfolding as a number of innovations become commercial operations. At Exxaro, 
innovation is a creative and systematic approach to our work to create new value from 
existing operations, as well as from emerging markets and technologies. Innovation 
is a key enabler of our organisational growth strategy and involves each critical stage 
from generating ideas, to discovery, development, demonstration and industrialisation 
of sustainable solutions for conventionally complex and unresolved problems. 
In essence, we give people a chance to test ideas and we accept failure when the result 
is learning.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 17

Our path towards our goal of becoming a US$20 billion company is also the 
springboard to international competition. Our project pipeline will give us the 
required critical mass to reach that goal by 2020. Our strategy remains focused on an 
evolutionary journey towards being a major sustainable diversified mining company 
with a global footprint encompassing significant investments in carbon, reductants, 
mineral sands, ferrous and energy. 

Looking ahead for 12 months, the 2013 financial and operational results are expected 
to be impacted by commodity price volatility, the ZAR/US$ exchange rate fluctuations 
as well as the availability of trains in the export coal business.

Both thermal and coking coal seaborne markets are expected to be soft as a result of 
sluggish demand in Europe, India and China, exacerbated by increased stock levels. 
As a result, Exxaro will continue to pursue new domestic markets, albeit at lower 
prices, in the short to medium term.

The domestic steam coal market is expected to remain stable, with a marginal increase 
in demand from Eskom.

Cost management across the group will remain a priority for the year ahead. As part 
of overcoming current economic challenges, Exxaro will continue to strive for cost 
reduction and increased efficiencies in all its processes.

The group is focused on developing a clear ramp-up strategy for the Grootegeluk 
Medupi expansion project, incorporating possible effects of current labour unrest at 
the Medupi power station. The ferrous project team continues to work ahead on the 
Mayoko project to ensure the 2Mtpa Phase I is delivered successfully, on time and 
within budget. This will include finalisation of key concessions with the government 
of Republic of Congo.

Exxaro’s equity income in 2013 will remain under pressure, but is expected to improve 
toward the second half. Pigment markets are expected to be soft in the first half of 
2013, resulting in tighter supply-demand conditions in the second half. Tronox is also 
expected to be in a position to fully demonstrate the value of its vertically integrated 
structure and the material cost advantage generated by this structure. As reported in 
the Kumba Iron Ore results in February 2013, annual production volumes from Sishen 
mine are expected to increase in 2013, while export sales volumes are expected to be 
similar to those in 2012.

Sipho Nkosi
Chief executive officer

28 March 2013

02

business 
strategy

Raw coal and discard bunkers in construction for the Grootegeluk Medupi Expansion Project (GMEP)

p 20

BUSINESS STRATEGY

US$20 billion market capitalisation by 2020

F

I

N

A

O

N

P

C

E

I

A

R

L

A

T

E

I

X

O

A

C

N

C

E

A

H

L

L

I

E

L

E

A

V

N
A
M
U
H

N

E

D

C

E

ENSURE EXXARO’S  

ABILITY

SUSTAIN

N

NATURAL
I M P R O V E   E X X A R O ’ S
P O R T F O L I O
NCIAL

A

FIN

S O C I A L
PROTECT AND  
BUILD EXXARO’S 
REPUTATION

M

A

N

U

F

A

C

T

U

R

E

D

A
N
D
P
E
O
P
L
E

L
E
A
D
E
R
S
H
P

I

D
E
V
E
L
O
P
E
X
X
A
R
O
S

’

Further detail on the integration between Exxaro’s strategic objectives and 
sustainability capitals is provided on page 61.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 21

Overview of strategy
A track record of delivering

Coal

•   Secure incremental RBCT export allocation
•   Move downstream in reductant market

•   RBCT allocation more than doubled
•   Char in production, char phase 2 bankable feasibility 

•   Grootegeluk expansion (GMEP)
•   Develop Inyanda, Mafube and Belfast

study under way

•   GMEP delivered first coal to Medupi power station
•   Inyanda, Mafube in production; Belfast project 
in process, temporary mining licence approved 
in March 2013

•   Progress study on Moranbah South 

•   Moranbah prefeasibility study complete in 2012

in Australia

•  Progress independent power producer 

•   Thabametsi phase 1 bankable feasibility study 

opportunities in the Waterberg

complete in 2013

Iron ore

•   Grow iron ore exposure

•   Acquired 100% of African Iron Limited
•   Mayoko phased project development in Republic 

of Congo

Titanium dioxide

•   Grow mineral sands business
•   Exercise option to acquire Namakwa Sands •   Namakwa Sands acquired on 1 October 2008
•   Organic growth of Tiwest and development 

•  Expansion of Tiwest capacity in Western Australia

•   Mineral sands business sold to Tronox Limited, listed 

of local interests

on NYSE:
—   Tronox is the only fully integrated global producer 

of TiO2 and mineral sands

—   Third largest global producer and marketer of TiO2 

manufactured via chloride technology 
—   Second largest global producer of titanium 

feedstock 

—   Second largest global producer of zircon

•   Development of Fairbreeze

•  Fairbreeze resource secured — to be developed by 

Tronox

AlloyStream™

•   Patent and test process technology
•   Partnership envisaged

•   Testing of commercial viability 2012/2013
•   Project Letaba joint venture with Assmang

Base metals and 
industrial minerals

•   Reduce interest in base metal commodities

•   Divest from non-core interests in industrial 

minerals

•   Zincor plant closed in December 2011
•   Rosh Pinah sold to Glencore International AG in 2012
•   Glen Douglas sold in 2010 to Afrimat Limited

Energy

•   Develop scenarios on increased demand 
and prices as well as possible supply 
interruptions

•   Cennergi joint venture with Tata Power
•   First co-generation plant at Namakwa Sands
•   Coal-bed methane exploration in Botswana 

•   Formulate views on renewable and green 

with Sekaname

energy in striving to reduce carbon 
footprint

•  Preferred bidder on two wind projects in 

Eastern Cape

p 22

BUSINESS STRATEGY

Continued strong focus on executing strategy
1 

Ensuring Exxaro’s sustainability through focusing on:

•  Safety: Continuous awareness campaigns and training and retraining

•  Fatality-free year (12 June 2011 to 12 June 2012) 

• 

Infrastructure: water, transport and energy, and optimisation programmes

•  Risk management: enterprise risk management and corporate governance 

compliance frameworks; integrated approach to risk management, compliance 

and assurance ensuring risk mitigation

2  Protecting and building Exxaro’s reputation through:

•  Blue Drop certification: R100 million upgrade on the Zeeland project recently 

completed

•  Community outreach: community development programmes in priority areas

•  Growing brand: employees carry it with pride

3  Developing Exxaro’s leadership and people:

Strong leadership:

•  Board and executive committee — significant industry experience

•  Well-equipped to successfully formulate and execute strategy 

4  Empowering employees through:

•  Ongoing training: 5,5% of payroll spent on training

•  Employment equity: outperform in four of six categories 

•  Recognition: focus on performance and recognition

•  Sharing Mpower 2012: 7 086 employees each received 387 units to the value 

of R75 000. This scheme will run for the next five years

•  Strong relationship with unions: constructive negotiations and well-established 

process of involvement and communication 

5  Portfolio improvement: Focus on globally diversified portfolio

Coal:

• 

Innovative, integrated and synergistic coal and reductants business with global 

footprint

•  GMEP, Moranbah South, Thabametsi mine

Titanium dioxide:

• 

• 

Increase exposure to integrated value chain

Investment in Tronox

Divesting of non-core assets: 

•  Zinc — consider alternative options for plant utilisation

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 23

Ferrous:

•  African Iron Ore acquired

•  10 million tonnes per annum of iron ore by 2017

•  Mayoko phased project :

—  Phase 1: 30kt pa by 2013 and 2Mt pa by 2014

—  Phase 2: Bankable feasibility study to increase in excess of 7Mt 

•  AlloyStream: Project Letaba — JV with Assmang

Energy:

•  Ensure energy security for own operations

•  Cennergi JV

•  Coal bed methane in Botswana

Operational excellence:

•  Performance

Regularly achieving annual stretched performance targets:

•  Low-cost producer with standardised processes

•  Rigorous performance reviews to continuously improve operations and services

—  Skills: Appropriately skilled, competent and value-driven workforce

—  Safety: Internalised safety and sustainable development

—  Projects: High-quality project execution on time, within budget 

—  Logistics and supply: Secured long-term critical/strategic commodity supply 

to enable seamless management of commodity flows

03

future focus

Rope shovel bucket used to load coal from the benches

p 26

FUTURE FOCUS

Future focus — ferrous
Since acquiring African Iron early in 2012, and assuming direct management 
and operational control, Exxaro has completed a broad financial, technical and 
operational review of African Iron’s projects in the Republic of Congo (Congo).

YAOUNDÉ

CAMEROON

Mbalam
Sundance Resources Limited

Douala

Kribi

Bata

Nabeba
Sundance Resources Limited

River

Avima
Core Mining Limited

EQUATORIAL
GUINEA

Badondo
Equatorial Resources Limited

Sembé

Ouesso

Mekambe

Youkou
Waratah Gold Limited

Makokou

R

i

v

e

r

Belinga
CMEC

Booué

LIBREVILLE

R

ail

w

a

y

Port Gentil

GABON

MAYOKO IRON
ORE PROJECT

REPUBLIC
OF CONGO 
(ROC)

Franceville

Mbinda

Mayoko-Moussondji
Iron Ore Project
Equatorial Resources Limited

Mossenjo

Bambama

Zanaga Iron Ore Project

Sintoukola 
Potash Project Limited
Elemental Minerals Limited

R

a

i
l

w

a

y

Makolaa 
Potash Project
MAG Industries Corp

Pointe-Noire

Dolisie

BRAZZAVILLE

KINSHASA

CABINDA
(ANGOLA)

DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC
OF CONGO (DRC)

Iron ore project

Potash project plant

Oil gas field

National capital city

Major sea port

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 27

Unlike its much larger neighbour, Democratic Republic of the Congo or DRC, Congo 

enjoys a stable government and has good relations with South Africa. Exxaro has 

developed a healthy working relationship with the Congolese government.

Early findings from the project at Mayoko indicate that this mine has significant 

potential in terms of resource quality and size, with much of the groundwork for 

this near-term development opportunity in an emerging iron ore province already 

completed by African Iron. The project currently has a JORC-compliant mineral 

resource of 685Mt of iron ore, consisting of a hematite cap of direct shipping ore 

(DSO) at 55% Fe and beneficiable DSO ore at 41% Fe.

With a revised exploration programme and accelerated drilling, production is expected 

to begin in 2013. This will be an economic boost for the small village of Mayoko and 

the broader region, from which much of the required labour will be drawn. Given the 

remote location, many villagers have not worked in industry before but are eager to 

acquire new skills. While there will be some deforestation involved in preparing for 

mining operations, the requisite rehabilitation and environmental plans will be put 

in place.

To accommodate its target of producing 10Mtpa of iron ore by 2017, Exxaro is looking 

at expanding rail facilities. The existing rail corridor was one of the most important 

attributes of this opportunity and although the rail line is in good repair, its capacity 

would need to be expanded. The existing port in capital city Pointe-Noire does not have 

the capacity for iron ore exports. Given the scale of mining activity under way a new 

bulk commodities port is being developed to the north, facilitated by investments from 

Exxaro and other major mining companies.

Exxaro is also investigating additional regional potential in terms of size and quality, 

with exploration drilling under way at:

•  Ngoubou-Ngoubou (untested licence area spanning 944km2), adjacent to Mayoko 

(Exxaro holds an 85% interest in the prospecting authority)

•  Mt Lekoumou (some 1 000km2 licence area) — limited exploration to date

•  Mt Mipoundi.

p 28

FUTURE FOCUS

Prospects for iron ore from this region are promising. Although logistical 

infrastructure will be key to future development, global seaborne trade is expected to 

increase to over 1,4 billion tonnes from 1,16 billion tonnes in 2011. The shortfall in lump 

ore production, due to growing production from Brazil and India, means production 

of pellets could double by 2021. For Exxaro, unlocking the full potential of this 

opportunity will require an intense focus on capital intensity to move Mayoko further 

down the US$/tonne scale, where it is already positioned in the lower half.

As it has proven with the Inyanda and Mafube coal mines in South Africa, Exxaro has 

the expertise and experience to develop an iron ore project from conceptual phase 

to production. This includes extensive engineering capabilities in design, operational 

expertise, maintenance and project management, as well as experience with bulk 

mining, opencast and underground operations, beneficiation and downstream 

processing and value-added products.

Inyanda mine

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 29

Future focus — coal
Over 50% of South Africa’s remaining reserves lie in the Waterberg coalfields, 

a 3 500km2 expanse of Limpopo that stretches into Botswana and hosts almost 

76 billion tonnes of in-situ inferred resources in 11 coal-bearing zones.

WATERBERG

LIMPOPO

GAUTENG

FREE STATE

MPUMALANGA

KWAZULU-NATAL

Waterberg feeder

Coal backbone system

Coal export line

Swazi line system

Exxaro’s Grootegeluk mine lies near the country’s largest remaining coal reserves. The logistics of moving 
mined product to market, and the infrastructure required, have until now been obstacles to capitalising on the 
wealth of the Waterberg. Collective effort by government, parastatals and industry will make this aspiration 
possible.

p 30

FUTURE FOCUS

Adjacent to our Grootegeluk mine in Limpopo, Exxaro has inferred resources of over 

three billion tonnes in its Waterberg properties. While coordinated plans to develop 

the required infrastructure for this region are finalised by numerous public and private 

stakeholders, Exxaro has continued to refine its own development plan, now extending 

to 2025:

•  Phase 1: Grootegeluk mine’s brownfields expansion to supply Eskom’s Medupi power 

station delivered its first coal on time, with full production scheduled for 2016. 

This 45-year contract will see Grootegeluk deliver 14,6Mtpa to the 4 800MW power 

station

•  Phase 2: Thabametsi mine is a greenfields development — an open-pit coal mine and 
beneficiation complex also supplying independent power producers (2 000MW). 

With an estimated time frame of 2015 — 2025, Thabametsi will supply 17Mtpa to 

power stations and 2,8Mtpa to other markets

•  Phase 3: By developing other greenfields coal mines, Exxaro will produce 13Mtpa for 

exports from 2018 to 2025.

Other downstream opportunities for Exxaro’s Waterberg resources include:

•  Char plant: first phase is operational, and the feasibility study for phase II is 

under way

•  Market coke: feasibility study under way

•  Electricity generation: advanced plans include co-generation and independent 

power producers, as well as a solar plant (through Cennergi).

Conveyor belts carry coal from Grootegeluk to Matimba and Medupi power stations. Conveyor belts between the mine and 
power stations are 4km and 9km respectively

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 31

Several key challenges remain to unlocking the potential of the Waterberg. These are 

depicted below:

Power generation

Exports

Reducing
the

carbon

footprint

Ore 
beneficiation

Reductants 
coal-to-liquid

Domestic

Power generation

Industry

Mining

Co-generation

Solar

Ore reserves

04

risk 
management 
and material 
issues

Semi-mobile tip and crusher being tested at the Grootegeluk Medupi Expansion Project (GMEP) before hot commissioning

p 34

RISK MANAGEMENT  
AND MATERIAL ISSUES

Managing risk and compliance to ensure Exxaro’s sustainability
An integrated risk and compliance framework
Exxaro understands that risk and compliance run across our five sustainability 

capitals and need to be managed across the organisation in a standardised, consistent 

manner to ensure they contribute to our drive for sustainability. Traditionally mining 

companies have very mature safety risk management programmes and processes, but 

this level of maturity is often not replicated in other areas. Over the years frameworks 

have been developed to address risks on a functional basis, rarely integrating all 

aspects of risk (regardless of origin) to business processes.

With our new enterprise risk management (ERM) framework, Exxaro has departed from 

this concept and developed a five-layered approach, which integrates all functional 

risk management processes and links strategic risk management with operational risk 

management. This approach to risk management is graphically illustrated below — the 

first diagram shows our ERM process.

STRATEGY AND OBJECTIVES

Risk 
identification

Risk 
assessment

Risk 
treatment

Risk 
reporting

Communication
and consultation

MONITORING

The ERM process is illustrated in five layers, shown below:

All types of risks and all types of impacts, eg licence to operate, finance,
safety, environment and regulatory, community etc

Strategic risk assessment

Major hazard/threat baseline risk assessment

Project/issue risk assessment

Routine and non-routine task planning risk assessment

Continuous risk assessment

This allows an individual to assess the potential safety or financial impact if 

an identified event takes place, as well as possible operational, environmental, 

health, legal/compliance, quality and information technology (IT) consequences. 

Our quantitative and qualitative impact matrix is fully scalable for the group and 

its operations, projects and services, and considers our strategic objectives where 

exposure limits have been set.

Compliance risk is no longer viewed as a separate process, but integrated into our 

risk management process, ensuring Exxaro has true transparency on its strategic risk 

exposures, including compliance and legal/regulatory events. This process also formed 

the basis of our combined assurance approach: Exxaro is one of few companies that 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 35

can link its combined assurance initiatives to up-to-date, standardised cross-functional 

risk registers for all operations as well as the group.

Board disclosure
Please refer to section 4.1 in the King III compliance report on page 232.

2012 achievements
Training was provided to all risk champions in the group on ERM to ensure they are 

familiar with the new process and that a healthy risk culture is embedded throughout 

all operations as well as our corporate service functions and major projects.

Risk registers were reviewed and updated in 2012. The top risks identified through 

these processes were reported to the sustainability, risk and compliance committee 

each quarter and led to a number of initiatives to address strategic risks raised. 

These include:

•  Post-implementation reviews on new operating system modules

•  Reviewing the status of compliance to our social and labour plans

•  Reviewing the status of compliance to the mining charter at operational level

•  Compiling an updated regulatory universe for Exxaro

•  Compiling practical executive summaries of all laws and regulations with which 

Exxaro must comply

•  Conducting licence-to-operate regulatory training at all business units/operations.

Exxaro has successfully implemented an appropriate risk management enabler. 

The system was rolled out at one business unit as a pilot during the year and will 

be rolled out to the remaining business units, regional offices, corporate office and 

service functions in the first half of 2013. What makes this system unique is that it 

also supplies the platform for effective compliance management and monitoring. 

User acceptance testing on the compliance enhancement has already taken place.

Looking forward
The governance, risk and compliance department has planned the following activities 
for 2013:

•  Rolling out the risk management enabler to remaining business units

•  Risk review sessions

•  Establishing risk appetite levels per strategic objective for the company and 

obtaining board approval. Regular board monitoring and review of these levels

•  Documenting a risk aggregation policy

•  Documenting a risk escalation policy

•  Updating the ERM framework

•  Linking key performance indicators (KPIs) and key responsibility indicators (KRIs) 

to management performance contracts

•  Conducting a risk maturity self-assessment

•  Conducting compliance reviews on all activities with an environmental impact

•  Compiling compliance risk management plans enabled by the new risk management 

enabler.

p 36

RISK MANAGEMENT AND  
MATERIAL ISSUES

Outcome
The following table illustrates the updated top 10 strategic risks for the group based 
on the review process followed during the year. These risks have been benchmarked 
against local and global surveys and correlated with risks identified at business units, 
service functions, major projects and at commodity business level. The risks are also 
compared to the residual risk gap of the previous financial year and trends analysed 
to indicate whether mitigation controls had the desired impact in closing the gap.

Summary of top 10 risks

No

Strategic objective

Risk 

Potential impact

Ensure Exxaro’s 
sustainability
•  Regulatory 
compliance

State 
intervention 
in the mining 
sector

•  Strategic
•  Financial

Risk 
response

Accept

Residual 
risk gap 
trend

Sustainability 
capital*

KPIs

Financial

•  Costs
•  Shareholders’ 

return

Government 
relationships

•  Strategic
•  Financial

Accept

NEW

Financial
Social

1

2

3

4

5

Protect and build 
Exxaro’s reputation
•  Sound governance 

practices

Improve Exxaro’s 
portfolio
•  Secured 

infrastructure to 
serve our growth 
aspirations

Ensure Exxaro’s 
sustainability
•  Responsible, safe 

operations

Ensure Exxaro’s 
sustainability
•  Regulatory 
compliance

•  Responsible, safe 

operations

Protect and build 
Exxaro’s reputation
•  Sound governance 

practices

•  Number of 
projects 
delayed
•  Opportunity 

losses

•  Return 

on capital 
employed 
(ROCE)

•  Financial

Reduction

Manufactured
Financial

•  Financial
•  Environmental

Reduction

NEW

Financial
Social
Natural

•  Costs 
•  Biodiversity

Infrastructure 
capacity, access, 
development 
and funding

Ability to 
accurately 
determine 
financial closure 
obligations 
(cost of closure)

Compliance to 
environmental 
legislation

•  Financial
•  Environmental
•  Reputational

Reduction

Natural

•  Biodiversity
•  Energy
•  Green house 
gas emissions

•  Water
•  Waste
•  Ongoing 

rehabilitation 
costs

 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 37

Risk 
response

Reduction

Residual 
risk gap 
trend

Sustainability 
capital*

KPIs

Social

•  Compliance

No

Strategic objective

Risk 

Potential impact

Maintain social 
licence to 
operate

•  Financial
•  Reputational

Protect and build 
Exxaro’s reputation
Industry leader in 
• 
transformation
Ensure Exxaro’s 
sustainability
•  Regulatory 
compliance

Ensure Exxaro’s 
sustainability
•  Responsible, safe 

operations

Achieve operational 
excellence
•  Consistently achieve 
annual stretched 
performance targets

•  Rigorous 

performance reviews 
to continuously 
improve operations 
and services

6

7

8

9

10

Mine 
rehabilitation

Ability to meet 
production 
demands 
(throughput)

•  Financial
•  Environmental
•  Reputational

•  Financial
•  Operational

Reduction

NEW

Natural

•  Biodiversity

Reduction

NEW

Financial

•  Revenue
•  Operating 

profit margins

•  ROCE

Ensure Exxaro’s 
sustainability
•  Regulatory 
compliance

Legal and 
regulatory 
compliance

•  Financial
•  Reputational

Reduction

NEW

•  Compliance

Financial
Human
Manufactured
Natural
Social

Cost 
competitiveness 
of assets (cost/
tonne)

Achieve operational 
excellence
•  Consistently achieve 
annual stretched 
performance targets

•  Rigorous 

performance reviews 
to continuously 
improve operations 
and services

•  Financial

Reduction

Financial

•  Revenue
•  Costs
•  Operating 

profit margins

•  ROCE

*  Further details on the capital model are provided on page 54 of this report

Key

Description

Current residual gap rating Increased

Current residual gap rating decreased

NEW  

A new top 10 risk was identified

p 38

RISK MANAGEMENT AND  
MATERIAL ISSUES

Top 10 risk trend report
The change in the residual risk gap (difference between current residual risk and desired residual risk) for the top 10 
strategic risks is shown below.

Risk 
ranking Risk name

State intervention in the 
mining sector

Inherent
 risk

74

Government relationships

76

Residual
 risk gap
2011

Risk 
trend

Residual
 risk gap
2012

Reason for change in trend or advent of 
a new top risk

8

–

35 Onerous and often impractical recommendations 
in the Minerals and Petroleum Amendment 
Bill 2012.
Ongoing discussions on increased royalties, 
resource taxes and other encumbrances on 
the mining industry.

NEW

30

Lack of coordination between different 
government departments compounded by 
delayed responses, resulting in costly time 
delays which affect the ability of business to 
execute on business and project plans, often 
with adverse consequences on employment.

Infrastructure capacity, 
access, development and 
funding

Ability to accurately 
determine financial closure 
obligations (cost of closure)

Compliance with 
environmental legislation

59

47

74

21

25

Increasing mismatch of projects’ and 
operations’ demands for both funding and 
infrastructure construction.

–

NEW

20 Changes in legislation, coupled with more 

onerous interpretation, and heightened 
stakeholder involvement.

24

18

1

2

3

4

5

6

Maintain social licence to 
operate

64

27

18

Exxaro rolled out training to all operations on 
key licence-to-operate requirements such as 
MPRDA, NEMA, NWA and MHSA activities, 
resulting in enhanced awareness and effort to 
address. Provincial audits (DWA Mpumalanga) 
conducted on compliance to water use licence 
conditions at Leeuwpan, Matla and New 
Clydesdale, with feedback awaited. After follow-
up DWA audits in Limpopo, identified gaps 
addressed.

Exxaro rolled out training to all operations on 
key licence-to-operate requirements such as 
MPRDA, MHSA, BBBEE and Companies Act 
activities. Compliance audits on social licence 
to operate issues such as our social and labour 
plans and the mining charter. Gaps identified 
were discussed and are being addressed via the 
new social and labour plan (SLP) forum and in 
the plans for 2013-2017. Regular engagements 
held with key stakeholders such as the 
Department of Mineral Resources and the JSE.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 39

Risk 
ranking Risk name

Inherent
 risk

Residual
 risk gap
2011

Risk 
trend

Residual
 risk gap
2012

Reason for change in trend or advent of 
a new top risk

7

8

9

Mine rehabilitation

Ability to meet production 
demands (throughput)

Legal and regulatory 
compliance

10

Cost competitiveness of 
assets (cost/tonne)

Key

Description

52

56

47

56

NEW

NEW

NEW

–

–

–

6

18 A deliberate focus on ongoing rehabilitation 

of the existing environmental footprint is required 
as opposed to primarily providing resources for 
final closure in future.

15

13

Exxaro’s significant contribution to international, 
but primarily local, demand for coal.

Introduction of various new laws and regulations 
have the potential to impact business and 
require additional resources to be committed.

12 Greater awareness to ensure value to all 

stakeholders.

Current residual gap rating Increased

Current residual gap rating decreased

NEW  

A new top 10 risk was identified

 
p 40

RISK MANAGEMENT AND  
MATERIAL ISSUES

Top 10 heat map
This illustrates the top 10 strategic risks (inherently before any controls) as identified 
through our ERM process and approved by the board.

4

1

2

3

6

8

7

10
5 9

Y
T
I
L
I
B
A
B
O
R
P

5

4

3

2

1

RANGE

1

2

3 4 5

IMPACT

Probability/likelihood of occurrence

Impact

Range Factor

Description

Range Factor

Description

5

4

3

2

1

>80 — 100 Almost certain

>61 — 80

Likely

>36 — 60 Possible

>10 — 35 Unlikely

< and = 10 Rare

Sustainability capital

5

4

3

2

1

>80 — 100 Extreme

>61 — 80 Major

>36 — 60 High

>10 — 35 Moderate

< and = 10 Negligible

Financial

Human

Manufactured

Natural

Social

 
   
 
 
 
 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 41

Top ten risks

Risk 1

State intervention in the mining sector (resource nationalism)

Risk description

State intervention in the mining sector that goes beyond taxation in seeking greater 

participation and value from the sector. This may include mandatory beneficiation, 

full or partial resource nationalisation or export levies that could impact on financial 

performance in the sector and may discourage investors/stakeholders from investing 

Risk category

Root cause

in the industry.

Political

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Proposed changes to legislation 

•  Financial losses

Exxaro influences decision-making by participating 

with limited stakeholder 

•  Labour unrest

in recognised forums, having regular meetings 

involvement.

•  Disinvestment and loss 

with government and commenting on proposed 

of  employment

legislative changes

KPIS

•  Costs

•  Shareholders’ return

Risk 2

Government relationships

Risk description

Ineffectiveness within the government administrative process may result in 

approvals not being obtained in time, negatively impacting on the effective and 

efficient operations of the company, and timely delivery of projects

Risk category

Root cause

Political

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Ineffective administration 

•  Production stoppages

•  Active and constant interaction with 

processes delaying approvals

•  Financial losses

•  Disinvestment and loss 

of employment

government to speed up the approval 
process

•  Constant follow-up with authorities to obtain 

all required approvals

•  Opportunity losses

•  Long-term mine plans to indicate all likely 

approvals that need to be obtained to ensure 
approval requests are submitted timeously 
to the relevant authority

•  Long-term mining activities are included 
in approved EMPs to reduce unnecessary 
interim approvals

•  Regular management and executive level 

meetings in the company

KPIS

•  Number of projects delayed

•  Opportunity losses

p 42

RISK MANAGEMENT AND  
MATERIAL ISSUES

Risk 3

Infrastructure capacity, access, development and funding

Risk description

Lack of sufficient infrastructure capacity, access, development and funding

Risk category

Root cause

Infrastructure

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Competition for limited 

•  Financial losses

•  Collaboration with other stakeholders and 

infrastructure resources

•  Limitations on potential to expand

government on a plan to improve and align 

•  Funding for large infrastructure 

•  Opportunity losses for new 

employment

still limited and costly

•  Delays in government 

infrastructure aspirations to 

assist with mining industry 

growth aspirations

KPIS

Return on capital employed

existing infrastructure, and undertake new 

infrastructure initiatives

• 

Identify other stakeholders to co-develop a 

solution with shared benefits and to extend 

infrastructure

•  Understand return on infrastructure and 

consider appropriate funding

Risk 4

Ability to accurately determine financial closure obligations (cost of closure)

Risk description

Financial mine-closure obligations may be inaccurately determined, resulting in additional 

unplanned funding commitments during life-of-mine and at closure

Risk category

Root cause

Financial

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Heightened awareness of 

•  Financial loss

•  Documented procedure guides management 

the social cost of closure of 

•  Delayed rehabilitation

operations

•  Stricter interpretation of 

legislative requirements

•  Community unrest

•  Non-compliance to licence-to-

operate regulatory requirements

KPIS

Biodiversity

•  Total land rehabilitated

•  Total land disturbance

•  Land use in protected areas 

of high biodiversity value

Ongoing rehabilitation costs

when calculating closure cost and now includes 

greater awareness of the social cost of closure

•  EMP extension for mining footprint includes 

detail on measurable closure objective

• 

Independent consultants conduct closure 

cost assessments and/or reviews of internal 

assessments

•  Monthly reporting and meetings on financial 

standing

•  Ongoing consultation with authorities

•  Knowledge shared between business units

Future actions

•  Mining biodiversity guidelines published in 2013 

will be used to update action plans

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 43

Risk 5

Compliance to environmental legislation

Risk description

Non-compliance to environmental legislation

Risk category

Root cause

Environmental

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Changes in legislation

•  Financial impact

•  External specialist updates Exxaro on legal 

•  Lack of human resources or 

•  Reputational damage

changes

specialists

•  Community unrest

•  Lack of awareness/knowledge 

•  Litigation exposure

•  External audits conducted by departments 

of water affairs, environment, and mineral 

(environmental issues)

•  Directives issued that may stop 

resources

•  Shortage of water in the area

operations

•  No proper mine closure 

plan that incorporates mine 

rehabilitation plan

•  Environmental compliance 

in the past may not have 

been within required legal 

prescriptions

KPIs

Biodiversity

•  Total land rehabilitated

•  Total land disturbance

•  Land use in protected areas or areas of high biodiversity value  

— to be updated against new industry guidelines

Energy

•  Energy consumption

•  Energy by source

•  Electricity efficiency

•  Diesel efficiency

GHG emissions

•  Total emissions

•  Total emission reduction

•  External companies assess environmental 

management programmes (EMPs)

•  External companies assist with monitoring 

and reporting on environmental issues

•  Updated integrated audit schedules

•  Compulsory inductions provided to all 

personnel and visitors

• 

Internal environmental incident reporting

•  Qualifying environmental incidents reported 

to the authorities

•  Scheduled dust and/or noise measuring and 

monitoring

•  Service contracts in place for waste 

management

•  Regular training and awareness campaigns

•  Regular liaison with authorities 

Water

•  Total water withdrawal split by source

•  Total volume of water recycled or reused

•  Total water discharge

•  Water efficiency

Waste

•  Total amounts of overburden, rock, tailings 

and sludges

•  Hazardous waste

p 44

RISK MANAGEMENT AND  
MATERIAL ISSUES

Risk 6

Maintain social licence to operate

Risk description

Unable to meet all the requirements needed to maintain a social licence to operate

Risk category

Root cause

Licence to operate

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Unable to achieve social and 

•  Production stoppages

•  Drive existing social and labour plan 

labour plan (SLP) targets as 

•  Financial losses

programmes to achieve more than compliance 

approved, most notably the 

potential impact on communities 

surrounding our operations

•  Reputational damage

•  Community unrest

•  Non-compliance to laws and 

regulations that may affect mining 

rights

to all aspects of the mining charter

•  Pursue identified initiatives to progressively 

improve Exxaro’s current level 4 contributory 

status under the DTI’s BBBEE codes

•  Adhere as a minimum to commitments in SLPs

•  Proactive sustainable socio-economic 

development initiatives in the communities 

in which we operate

KPIS

•  Amount allocated to community development per annum

•  Sustainable community development projects as per social and labour plans

•  Community engagement (negative impacts)

•  BBBEE score

Risk 7

Mine rehabilitation

Risk description

Ability to effectively rehabilitate the mine. Matching funding to achieve approved 

Risk category

Root cause

technical solution

Environmental

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

• 

Insufficient funding available 
for rehabilitation

•  Reputational damage

•  Financial losses

•  Legacy projects managed, eg village handover 
to municipalities under way in Tshikondeni

•  Changes in legislation

•  Environmental impact (habitat 

•  EMP in place and to be updated

•  Uncertainty on execution  

losses)

•  Exxaro environmental rehabilitation fund 

of EMP

•  Temporary or permanent mine 

in place

•  Vague description in current  

closure

•  Agreement between Exxaro and Eskom to create 

EMP

•  Non-compliance to laws and 

regulations

a rehabilitation trust for Matla and Arnot 
(approved by DMR)

•  Bank guarantees issued to Department 

of Mineral Resources (DMR)

•  Rehabilitation calculations and accounting 

provision created

•  Rehabilitation programmes in place

KPIS

Biodiversity

•  Total land disturbance

•  Total land rehabilitated

•  Land use in protected areas of high biodiversity value

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 45

Risk 8

Ability to meet production demands (throughput)

Risk description

Production targets not met

Risk category

Root cause

Production and quality

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Geological constraints

•  Breach of contract

•  Accelerate business improvement (projects 

•  Logistical constraints

•  Financial loss

currently running)

•  Labour capacity

•  Encumbrance of Eskom’s power-

•  Condition-based budget model feeding from 

life-of-mine plan

•  Regular interaction with unions, Eskom and 

other stakeholders

•  Environmental factors 

generation capacity

(compliance with legislation)

•  Reputational damage

•  Land-purchase issues

•  Labour and union relations 

KPIS

•  Production and sales tonnes

•  Operating profit margins 

•  ROCE

Risk 9

Legal and regulatory compliance

Risk description

Not adhering to laws and regulations governing the business

Risk category

Root cause

Legal and regulatory compliance

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Changes in legislation

•  Production stoppages (Section 

•  Areas of responsibility assigned to management 

•  Lack of awareness/knowledge

54/55 of Mine Health and Safety 

and legal appointments in place

•  Non-compliance by employees

Act)

•  Consequence management on non-compliance

•  External audits by authorities

• 

Internal audits and inspections

•  Regular safety awareness campaigns

•  Scheduled safety meetings 

•  Training on policies and procedures for all 

employees, visitors and contractors

•  Visible felt leadership

•  Daily and weekly area inspections

•  Human behaviour

• 

Incidents and accidents

•  Fatalities

•  Financial loss

•  Reputational damage

•  Damage to property

KPIS

Compliance

•  Environmental fines

•  Non-compliance on permits

•  Licences or rights

•  Number of environmental prosecutions

•  Section 54s in terms of the Mine Health and Safety Act

•  Cost of non-compliance

•  Number of SLPs outside of or deviating from target

p 46

RISK MANAGEMENT AND  
MATERIAL ISSUES

Risk 10

Cost competitiveness of assets (cost/tonne)

Risk description

Cost competitiveness of mining/production, which provides market and customer 

Risk category

Root cause

confidence

Markets

Potential impact

Mitigating controls

•  Additional regional and service 

•  Financial loss

•  Business improvement initiatives established 

level costs

•  Premature mine closure

(including target setting and tracking)

•  Limited life of mine

•  Social impact

•  Little variability due to high 

•  Reputational damage

•  Focus on business unit’s controllable efficiencies 

(cost of electricity, maintenance, production 

fixed-cost component

•  Difficult mining conditions 

•  Operating margin squeeze

•  Affordability of capital projects  

tonnes vs production times)

•  Quarterly reviews

• 

Increased awareness of cost management

•  Management accountants becoming business 

partners in the relevant areas

(significant resources to extract 

strained

very low tonnages)

• 

International coal price levels 

for business units to achieve 

good margins

• 

Increased cost of mining due to 

excess overburden removed

•  End-to-end processes not 

optimal

KPIS

•  Production tonnes (R)

•  Sales tonnes variance (R)

•  Unit cost (R/product)

•  Operating profit margins

•  Return on capital employed

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 47

Combined assurance
Companies that operate in a very technical and highly regulated environment are 

usually accustomed to regular audits, reviews and assurance activities. However, 

Exxaro realised that these reviews were possibly not always adding value and that 

controls to mitigate potential high impacts did not always receive the necessary 
attention when assurance activities were planned.

In 2012 Exxaro implemented a combined assurance framework and process, based 
on international best practice and the principles of King III, to ensure risk-based 
assurance activities and prevent audit fatigue. Through the combined assurance 
framework, critical processes, risks linked to these processes and the associated 
assurance providers, are identified.

The combined assurance framework was approved by the audit committee in 
November 2012 (see 3.5 in King III Compliance report on page 230). To improve the 
process, the framework will be revised annually and updated accordingly.

Process
The combined assurance process followed in Exxaro is illustrated below.

Risk mapping

Analysis

Combined 
assurance  
design

Combined 
assurance 
reporting

Opinion on risk 
and control

Exxaro is following a phased approach to effectively implement this combined 
assurance process:

•  Phase 1: Management’s representation of assurance received

•  Phase 2A: Validation of management’s representations

•  Phase 2B: Evidence to support the written assessment

•  Phase 3: Embedding combined assurance.

2012 achievements
The combined assurance process began in 2012 and was conducted in line with the 
approved combined assurance framework.

Phase 1 has been completed for all business units. An assurance map of business units 
has been completed based on enterprise risk management (ERM) profiles developed 
for business units.

The functional-area approach (covering the most significant strategic risks based 
on the inherent score) has been adopted. The risk register as presented to the 
sustainability, risk and compliance committee was used for the combined assurance 
assessment.

The risk register has been populated with management’s representation of assurance 
received for each risk in line with the combined assurance framework.

The scope of work performed during phase 1 includes:

• 

Identifying and specifying the sources of assurance over Exxaro’s top strategic 
(inherent) risks

•  Providing the audit committee with an assurance map based on a detailed 

assurance analysis

•  Providing a basis for identifying areas of potential over/under assurance or areas 

where no assurance exists.

p 48

RISK MANAGEMENT AND  
MATERIAL ISSUES

Outcome
In total, 124 risks were included in phase 1 of the combined assurance review at 

Exxaro’s business units. The table illustrates an unvalidated assurance map of the 

risks and assessment of the adequacy of assurance provided. The validity of these 

assessments will be verified during phase 2.

Risks

Arnot strategic risks

Grootegeluk strategic 
risks

Inyanda strategic risks

Leeuwpan strategic 
risks

Matla strategic risks

North Block Complex 
strategic risks

New Clydesdale 
strategic risks

Tshikondeni strategic 
risks

Total

Legend

Level

Number
of risks

No
 assurance

Limited
assurance

Adequate 
assurance

Over
 assurance

13

12

20

17

12

16

14

20

124

—

—

1

—

—

1

—

—

2

6

4

6

9

4

8

4

10

51

4

6

11

6

4

4

6

10

51

3

2

2

2

4

3

4

—

20

What do we mean

No assurance

No assurance provided

Limited assurance

Some assurance provided (room for improvement)

Adequate assurance

Appropriate assurance regularly provided 

Over assurance

Over-assured: cost and effort outweighs benefit

The table indicates the levels of assurance used by management to evaluate the 
quality of assurance provided.

Looking forward

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

The combined assurance process review for phase 1 will be completed in 2013 at 
the regional offices and services functions

Phases 2A, 2B and 3 will also be completed in 2013 at all business units, regional 
offices, service functions and corporate office

A governance, risk and compliance forum will be established in 2013 where 
assurance activities will be deliberated and coordinated

The audit committee will provide oversight for combined assurance and provide 
the board with a written assessment on the state of risk management

Current ineffective assurance activities will be replaced and coordinated by the 
chief audit executive to ensure activities are focused according to our biggest 
exposures.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 49

All assurance providers’ activities planned for the year will be mapped to the risk 
profile and compared to the assurance map developed. From this, the governance, risk 
and compliance forum will be able to determine the actual assurance to be performed 
for the year. The governance, risk and compliance department will then be able to 
assess the appropriateness of assurance provided in forming its ongoing assessment 
of overall risk management and internal control effectiveness.

Case study — managing risk proactively
In 2012 Exxaro became the first South African resources company to 
become an accredited member of the Road Transport Management System 
(RTMS). This is an industry-led, voluntary self-regulation scheme that could 
go a long way to addressing some of the current challenges in the logistics 
industry. By encouraging those involved in the road logistics value chain to 
implement its vehicle management system, the RTMS aims to preserve road 
infrastructure, improve road safety and increase general productivity.

The system is based on three sets of standards (for consignors, hauliers and 
consignees) covering all aspects of vehicle and driver management.

Exxaro has already put this system in place at Grootegeluk and North Block 
Complex, with a dedicated team going to great lengths to ensure that improved 
road safety and compliance with road transport regulations are incorporated 
into our operations. The RTMS team commented that Exxaro has set the 
benchmark for other forward-thinking organisations to self-regulate, to the 
benefit of the entire South African road transport sector.

The new vehicle management system will be rolled out to other business units 
over the next few months.

Accredited operators will benefit from

•  The opportunity to implement performance-based standards, which means 
a vehicle can be designed outside the current legal limits to carry heavier 
payloads while still complying with safety and other requirements.

•  Being exempt from having to stop when weighbridges are full (currently 

in KwaZulu-Natal only).

Exxaro will benefit from

•  Less risk: Proposed changes to the national road traffic act will make 
consignees and consignors jointly responsible for third-party hauliers’ 
practices, such as overloading and vehicles not being roadworthy.

•  Greater social responsibility: Better road and vehicle maintenance, along 
with more carefully managed driver fatigue and health, could significantly 
improve South Africa’s road safety record and lower logistical costs.

•  Productivity improvements: Those who comply with RTMS standards 

(based on a detailed audit of their transport management systems) will 
be given some leeway on current practices. This could mean cost savings, 
for example, as a result of shorter cycle times and using vehicles carrying 
bigger payloads.

•  Improved reputation: Exxaro recognises that it contributes to wear and 

tear on South African roads, and our RTMS membership demonstrates our 
commitment to addressing this.

p 50

RISK MANAGEMENT AND  
MATERIAL ISSUES

Maintain our regulatory and social licence to operate
As a group, by FY12 Exxaro had been granted 19 mining rights (new or 

converted), and submitted applications for a further two operations. For five 

of the granted mining rights, execution is still under way.

As for all South African mining companies, every mining right requires its own 

approved mining work programme, social and labour plan, and environmental 

management programme. A detailed annual report must be submitted to 

the Department of Mineral Resources covering financial performance and 

compliance with both the mining charter and Mineral and Petroleum Resources 

Development Act. The intention of this varied legislation is to ensure an 

equitable distribution of benefits among stakeholders — an aim we fully 

support.

For each of these mining rights, developing the necessary plans requires 

in-depth analysis of the challenges, risks and opportunities presented by the 

operating environment, stakeholder groups and the natural environment.

Clearly, where a group such as Exxaro has operations close to each other, 

the risk of duplicated effort cannot be overlooked. This risk is particularly 

acute in terms of socio-economic development initiatives and local economic 

development plans which involve multiple local authorities and sometimes 

transitory stakeholders but are often founded in common needs and concerns.

Accordingly, we instituted a comprehensive year-long internal programme 

across our coal operations to audit the level of compliance, identify areas of 

duplication and make practical recommendations. The results of this audit were 

mixed, with pleasing progress at some mines being somewhat offset by delayed 

or shelved projects at others. The reasons range from changed stakeholder 

priorities, to delays in required approvals, to insufficient project management 

skills and time constraints to make projects sustainable.

We understand both the risk this poses to retaining our mining rights and our 

moral obligation to the communities where we operate and which provide the 

people who drive our operations. Management teams at each operation have 

committed to using the enterprise-wide project management system to drive 

project implementation and to engage with government and communities to 

ensure implementation.

This progress will be monitored quarterly by the sustainability, risk and 

compliance committee of the board, with related targets incorporated into 

the key performance indicators of each operation.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 51

Compliance
Status of converting mining rights and approving new-order mining 
rights
To ensure sustainability, it is imperative that Exxaro secures mining rights for its 

existing mines and new mining opportunities. The status of conversions and new 

mining rights granted and executed by the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) 

is shown below.

Converted mining rights: granting and execution

Business unit 

Grootegeluk 

Arnot 

North Block Complex 
Strathrae 

Mining right granted1  Mining right executed2 

2 April 2009 

30 March 2011 

12 December 2011 

6 December 2012

23 November 2009 

Awaiting DMR

North Block Complex Glisa 

12 December 2011 

6 December 2012

Matla 

Leeuwpan 

Gravelotte 

Tshikondeni 

23 November 2009 

Awaiting DMR 

1 June 2009 

2 April 2009 

2 April 2009 

24 March 2010 

30 March 2011 

Awaiting DMR 

New-order mining rights: granting and execution

Business unit 

Mining right granted1

Mining right executed2 

New Clydesdale 

8 November 2007

6 December 2007 

Inyanda 

15 October 2006

6 November 2006 

Leeuwpan Ext 

1 June 2009

24 March 2010 

Eerstelingsfontein3 

28 November 2006

29 April 2009 

Belfast 

Thabametsi 

26 February 2013

Awaiting DMR 

Paardeplaats South 

Awaiting DMR

1   Granted: an administrative right granted prior to acceptance of terms and conditions
2  Executed: approval of the EMPR and commencement date
3  Renewal application submitted in March 2013

Execution and registration of all granted conversions as well as obtaining new-order 

rights for Thabametsi has been prioritised for 2013.

In terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 2002 (MPRDA), 

Exxaro must comply with the relevant approved mine works programme, social and 

labour plan and environmental management programme as approved by the DMR for 

each mining right held. The compliance of our operations to mine works programmes, 

social and labour plans and environmental management programmes was audited by 

the DMR in 2011 on an ad hoc basis, and formal feedback received in 2012. With minor 

exceptions, the DMR found Exxaro to be compliant with the provisions.

Section 28(2) of the MPRDA requires that all holders should annually submit financial 
reports reflecting profits and losses as well as a report on compliance with the mining 
charter and MPRDA. The 2012 report will be submitted as required.

05

sustainability

Discard bunker in construction for Grootegeluk Medupi Expansion Project (GMEP) and backfill project in the pit to replace discard dumps in future

p 54

SUSTAINABILITY

Background
There is a plethora of literature and research on the topics of sustainable development 

and sustainability, and each source has a different interpretation of the concepts. 

The terms are used almost interchangeably, and both have a relevant meaning but as 

Mervyn King, current chairman of the International Integrated Reporting Committee 

(IIRC) states, “Sustainability is a social and an economic imperative”.

Many buzzwords are associated with sustainability, and they all address some aspect 

of sustainability, but when the whole picture has to be understood and crystallised, 

a broad-thinking approach has to be adopted.

In Exxaro, the term sustainability denotes the collective factors and drivers that either 

threaten or help create our long-term survival, growth and contribution to society.

What does sustainability mean for Exxaro?
For Exxaro, sustainability is about securing the future. Our aim is to harmonise 

(or integrate) business, community and environmental needs and obligations to enable 

Exxaro to achieve its founding goal of being a company that makes a positive social 

and economic contribution to South Africa. The concept figures prominently in the way 

we do business:

•  Of our five strategic focus areas, ensuring Exxaro’s sustainability is in first place

•  Of Exxaro’s nine aspirations, five are directly related to sustainability (relevance in 

the 22nd century, growth, mining charter, carbon neutral, and employer of choice)

•  Of Exxaro’s seven non-negotiable principles, three relate to sustainability (cause no 

harm, sound governance, leaving a legacy in communities).

Since our formation in 2006, Exxaro has employed the triple bottom-line framework 

to address sustainable development. While adequate for many organisations and in its 

time, we believe an organisation of Exxaro’s size requires a more mature management 

model. In line with best practice, we have since adopted the capitals model.

Triple bottom line

The five capitals

ECONOMY

society 

Environment

Environment

Society

Economy

F
O
S
T
E
S
B
U
S
E
R
A

Manufactured

Financial

Social 

Human 

Natural 

Natural capital

Social and human capital

Manufactured and financial capital

 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 55

The term ‘capital’ refers to anything (physical, intangible or virtual) from which you 
can extract revenue or a yield. Much in the same way as financial investment generates 
income you can live off, certain types of ‘sustainability capital’ can be accumulated and 
maintained to create a steady flow of benefits for people and organisations.

As its name suggests, the capitals model describes five types of sustainability ‘capital’ 
— natural, human, social, manufactured and financial — and then organises each issue 
or challenge into one of these categories.

Natural

Human

Social

Manufactured

Financial

This creates a bird’s-eye view of all our sustainability priorities across the business, 
and enables Exxaro to manage them appropriately. For example, when considering 
compliance and standards, legislation such as the MPRDA would influence natural, 
human and social capital, whereas the BBBEE Codes of Good Practice influence human 
capital, and the Companies Act would guide elements under financial capital.

Being able to organise issues this way makes it easier for Exxaro to identify areas for 
improvement, establish programmes to address gaps, and clearly delineate the roles 
and responsibilities of certain functions to meet our sustainability objectives.

Ultimately, it has enabled Exxaro to view sustainability as a place of balance and 
health, as opposed to the process by which you grow into that place — which is 
sustainable development. The IIRC even advocates an additional capital to be 
considered, the intellectual capital of an organisation. Within Exxaro’s sustainability 
framework, the intellectual capital aspects reside under human capital while 
intellectual property aspects reside under manufactured capital.

Linking in compliance, risks and material issues
Once the different capitals are understood, and the key components relevant to 
each sustainability capital determined, integrating views can be built in a methodical 
process:

•  The first considerations affecting an organisation’s sustainability are the minimum 
compliance requirements, standards or best practices for each component in each 
sustainability capital.

•  Second, what are the major enterprise risks facing the organisation and where 

exactly do they lie in the sustainability capitals framework? The ERM framework, 
which covers all risks from strategic to operational level, categories risks in the 
respective sustainability capital.

•  Third, what are the material issues for the organisation and how do they affect the 

organisation’s ability to achieve its strategic objectives?

•  Stakeholder issues are also critical in determining where the focus should be to 

ensure the organisation’s sustainability.

p 56

SUSTAINABILITY

These views, which flesh out the sustainability framework, drive the need to act 
proactively to address compliance requirements, risks and material issues. In addition, 
beneficial opportunities for all stakeholders are factored in to give Exxaro a fuller 
understanding of the breadth and depth of the elements that need to be addressed to 
secure the future.

Sustainability — the political context
The prosperity of South Africa is inseparably linked to the sustainability of our 
world-class and dynamic mining sector. According to the Chamber of Mines’ latest 
fact sheet, the mining sector contributes almost one fifth of the country’s GDP, but 
is unfortunately shrinking in economic size with a marginally negative growth rate.

South Africa’s current GDP growth rate is too slow to tackle unemployment and 
poverty in any meaningful way. Using China’s 2011 growth rate of 9% as example, that 
country would double the size of its economy in just eight years. At a growth rate of 
3%, South Africa will need more than 24 years to double its GDP.

In other words, what South Africa needs to achieve in the next few years will 
realistically take a generation to accomplish. And that is time the country does not 
have, given the escalating incidence of civil protest about the lack of improvement in 
living conditions. South Africa cannot afford the social or financial costs of the tragedy 
that was Marikana: over 40 lives, over R3 billion cost to the treasury and the follow-on 
threat to 10 000 jobs according to Congress of South African Trade Unions (Cosatu). 
These are the very costs the mining charter sought to prevent with its vision of 
facilitating sustainable transformation, growth and development of a mining industry 
already in decline.

We believe sustainable transformation is achievable. In the past six years, Exxaro has 
reached several key milestones, including:

•  One of the largest black empowered groups on the JSE by direct shareholding 
(almost 53% in black hands) with a demographically representative executive 
committee responsible for day-to-day management

•  Over R21 billion spent with black suppliers since listing in 2006

•  Cumulative expenditure on training since 2006 close to R1 billion

•  Since 2006, enrolled almost 2 900 young people in Exxaro learnerships

•  Over R142 million spent on socio-economic initiatives since 2006

•  Our employee share scheme paid out over R1 billion to non-management 

participating employees when it vested after five years in December 2011. A new 
scheme was introduced in 2012.

We believe that if we implement the capitals model of sustainability successfully, and 
manage the related issues correctly, we could create more employment for South 
Africans and uplift disadvantaged South Africans at the same time. Managing our 
social and labour plans through the social element of the model and our workplace 
skills plans through the human capital element will naturally lead to the transformation 
so needed in our country. Exxaro will be contributing to local economies while growing 
our business sustainably. And we will meet our obligations to the mining charter and 
contribute to the successful implementation of the national development plan.

A developing trend proves that companies which focus on sustainability attract more 
investment opportunities, because investors and analysts look at each company’s 
long-term prospects — the very issues that sustainability addresses. Supporting this, 
Exxaro was recently named as one of the top ten mining companies worldwide in 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 57

delivering the highest total shareholder returns over the period 2001 to 2011 by the 
Boston Consulting Group — despite the global economic crisis.

For these reasons, sustainability is a crucial consideration for Exxaro. A comprehensive 
and successful sustainability strategy will enable us to manage the short, medium and 
long-term challenges facing our business, our industry and our country.

Today, mining companies operate in a world facing more and more challenges, 
from environmental issues such as climate change and water, to stricter regulatory 
environments, ageing infrastructure and new technological advancements. In the 
African context — where bigger challenges combine with sometimes bigger potential —
it is imperative that we take stock, and reassess the proverbial bigger picture.

In any business or sector, short-term factors often grab the headlines. However, it is 
the long-term trends that will produce a different world in 2030 and beyond. It is the 
long-term considerations that should shape our thinking and are doing so at Exxaro.

From a mining company perspective, it is critical we understand the contextual 
elements including:
•  Earth’s limited natural resources: diminishing mineral resources, water scarcity, 

strain on agricultural land

•  Changing demographics: significant ageing world population — except in Africa 
where the populace is largely young and unemployed, and uneven population 
growth

•  Proliferating technology and knowledge: new technologies are developed quicker 

and new products have shorter life spans
Increasing sustainability, regulatory and social demands

• 
•  New infrastructure in less developed places.

As resources become scarcer, stakeholders more informed, and green pressures 
increase, governments across the world will play a more aggressive role to ensure 
strategic resources are mined in a responsible, safe and beneficial manner — for both 
state and societies.

This presents generic challenges to mining investors in Africa:

•  Political stability: openness to foreign direct investment, transparent legal and 

regulatory environment, monetary and fiscal discipline, security of tenure, resource 
nationalism

• 

Infrastructure/logistical limitations: ageing road, water and electricity 
infrastructure, bottlenecks due to insufficient capital allocation, inefficient service 
delivery

•  Skills shortages: quality of secondary and tertiary education, scientific research, 

new patents, ageing workforce, productivity.

African populations are mostly young and unemployed, which presents major 
challenges in terms of creating a positive and hope-filled future for these people. If not, 
we could see a repeat of recent events in North Africa in the rest of Africa.

Holistic approach
In short, only a holistic and inclusive approach to managing these myriad risks will 
yield best results. Governments, communities, employees and labour all need to be 
consulted to ensure a win-win partnership with investors. In Exxaro, we believe the 
capitals model for sustainability will provide the necessary support for delivering on 
our strategy.

p 58

SUSTAINABILITY

  Natural capital is about energy, fuels, matter, resources, environment, ecosystem 
processes, climate change and eco-efficiency among many other elements. 
Knowing the applicable legislation — such as the MPRDA, National Water Act and 
National Environmental Management Act — dictates that businesses should have 
policies and programmes that enable the efficient management of, for example, 
water extraction, water quality, waste, air quality, materials stewardships, 
material substitution, renewable energy, cyclical systems and emissions 
reduction strategies.

An example of such a programme is Exxaro’s energy and carbon management 
framework. As a coal producer and intensive energy user, Exxaro plays a 
significant role in the energy environment in South Africa. In 2007, Exxaro’s 
leaders recognised the group had to deal with energy in its broadest context 
(shortages, rising costs, climate change, environmental concerns) to remain 
competitive and sustainable for the benefit of all stakeholders. Since then, Exxaro 
has been addressing three issues that have become central to the local energy 
environment: energy security, economic productivity and environmental impact, 
which includes climate change, land and water use and carbon emissions.
  Human capital incorporates health and hygiene, safety, knowledge, skills, 
intellectual output, employee wellness and well-being, human rights and equity, 
quality management, process innovation, values-led leadership, personal and 
professional development and volunteerism. Legislation such as the Mine Health 
and Safety Act, Occupational Health and Safety Act and various labour regulations 
and guidelines provide the framework to shape our management programmes for 
most of these issues.

Some examples of human capital management in Exxaro are our HIV/Aids 
programme and our training and development initiatives.

Two-thirds of the global HIV burden is in sub-Saharan Africa, despite the 
availability of effective treatment options for people infected with HIV. Mining is 
one of the industries bearing the brunt of the HIV/Aids pandemic. Exxaro devotes 
considerable time to educating employees about the pandemic and the results 
are encouraging:

•  Exxaro’s HIV/Aids prevalence rate is estimated at under 13%, compared to 25% 

across the industry

•  An HIV/Aids disclosure initiative was launched, supporting a marked increase 

in enrolment onto the treatment programme

•  Exxaro’s HIV/Aids programme includes peer educators, awareness campaigns 

and community education programmes, all aiming to foster lower-risk lifestyles, 
increased access to available anti-retroviral treatment programmes and a 
reduction in HIV/Aids-related stigma.

Exxaro believes that empowering staff with the knowledge and skills they need 
to develop personally will also help grow the company and the nation:

•  Over 17% of Exxaro’s workforce comprises women, compared to the average 

of 11% in the broader South African mining sector

•  Sponsored adult basic education and training (ABET) programmes at all 

operations totalled R6 million

•  Exxaro accounts for a sizable portion of all engineering learnerships with 

the Mining Qualifications Authority

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 59

• 

In 2012, Exxaro employees successfully completed more than 68 000 
compliance-related and almost 25 500 development-related training sessions

•  Exxaro invested 5,5% of total payroll in 2012 on human resource development, 

an investment of R177 million.

While employment equity is certainly a legal issue, with strict targets imposed by 
both the mining charter and BEE codes, for Exxaro it is also a moral imperative. 
When we created Exxaro, we stated our intention of being the best example of how 
South African companies should be run. At the heart of our employment equity 
strategy are detailed plans developed by each business unit in consultation with 
employees and unions. By following these plans, each unit ensures recruitment 
and skills development are conducted responsibly, encouraging transformation 
without affecting existing positions in the company.
  Social capital is about internal relationships, values and trust, networks 
and our operating model, as well as external relationships with suppliers and 
customers, trust and reputation and our licence to operate. Areas requiring 
attention and management plans, and shaped by the mining charter, the national 
development plan and other state-level imperatives, are community investment 
and development, proactive stakeholder engagement, human rights, ethical 
procurement, compliance and good governance systems.

For Exxaro, socio-economic development initiatives and donations are focused 
on areas that are relevant and strategic to South Africa’s development: formal 
education, skills development and capacity building, enterprise development, 
health and welfare, environment, infrastructure development, agriculture, and 
sport and recreation. Examples include:

•  Our people development initiative ensures children from schools near our 

operations are recruited into the bridging programme

•  Our artisan skills development programme provides artisan training to 

community members

•  The Exxaro bursary programme provides engineering bursaries to historically 

disadvantaged South Africans (HDSAs)

•  Exxaro is playing a leading role in development of the Waterberg coalfields 

and development of Lephalale in Limpopo province

•  Funding for university chairs, skills development and national and international 

bodies such as the National Business Initiative, WWF and Peace Parks 
Foundation.

Artisan training remains a topical and sensitive issue for all industries requiring 
specific trades. The mining industry, one of the largest contributors of trained 
artisans in South Africa, is often also the one hardest hit by a shortage of artisans.

Collectively, the mining industry and the Mining Qualifications Authority offer 
generous bursaries and scholarships to employees, matriculants and students 
to grow South Africa’s skills base each year — within the sector, but also for the 
benefit of the broader economy.

Local economic development is aimed at alleviating poverty and improving 
lives. An important element in Exxaro’s approach is generating new non-
mining economic opportunities in identified local communities, particularly 
for local BEE companies and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) owned 
by disadvantaged groups.

p 60

SUSTAINABILITY

  Manufactured capital refers to all the material goods, infrastructure, technology, 
networks, ICT or information and communication technology, business processes 
and systems that make up an organisation. This is about the way we mine, how 
we beneficiate, logistics, infrastructure, engineering, processes and innovation 
in all these areas. Management plans are aimed at promoting eco-efficiency, 
eco-innovation, reducing energy intensity, driving resource efficiency, zero waste, 
zero emissions and sustainable construction.

Sustainability at Exxaro is also about innovation — innovation for sustainability. 
This is encapsulated in our vision: through our innovation and growth we will be 
a powerful source of endless possibilities.

Exxaro’s founding aims included maintaining a research and development focus, 
which is now paying dividends in a number of innovations setting new standards:

•  Largest coal beneficiation complex in the world

•  UHDMS (ultra high dense medium separation) project

•  AlloyStreamTM

• 

Increasing focus on natural capital, combined with our innovation initiative, has 
also resulted in a very promising constructed wetlands project.

A new group-wide culture of innovation is driving the $20 billion by 2020 strategy. 
A systematic innovation framework incorporates management system  for ideas 
and project pipeline management and is aimed at increasing the predictability of 
project success.

  Financial capital reflects the productive power of the other types of capital — 
currency, share price, ownership, governance, risk and growth. Performance 
measurement, transparency and accountability, best-practice corporate 
governance, green accounting, cost internalisation, new investment criteria 
and valuing intangible assets such as environment, costs, brand and reputation 
are the measures of this pillar. For each element, tools such as the GRI are used 
as guidance.

Critics argue that transformation in the mining industry has made a handful of 
black people extremely wealthy. Yes, it has, but it has also benefited millions 
more through shareholding, skills development, socio-economic development, 
preferential procurement and enterprise development. While we do believe the 
mining charter should go some way towards effecting the desired change, only 
a few ownership structures to date have benefited neighbouring communities. 
That will require a far more innovative approach to ownership.

We add value to our financial capital by:

•  Managing costs (drivers, capital projects, energy, supply chain, investing in 

automation, transport/fleet ownership)

•  Scenario planning to deal with commodity price volatility

•  Financial modelling (balancing social, economic and environmental imperatives)

•  Capital projects (demand and necessity dictate the spend, but talent gap, 

community negotiations, government intervention/legislation, funding and 
infrastructure are challenges). Management and governance are key, (as 
are supply chain, staffing, relationships, geographic or product groupings, 
operating model redesign, automation)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 61

F

I

N

O

A

P

N

E

C

I

R

A

A

L

T

I

N
A
M
U
H

E

O

A

X

N

C

C

H

A

E

L

L

I

E

L

A

V

E

N

E

D

C

E

ENSURE EXXARO’S  

ABILITY

SUSTAIN

N

NATURAL
I M P R O V E   E X X A R O ’ S
P O R T F O L I O
NCIAL

A

FIN

S O C I A L
PROTECT AND  
BUILD EXXARO’S 
REPUTATION

M

A

N

U

F

A

C

T

U

R

E

D

A
N
D
P
E
O
P
L
E

L
E
A
D
E
R
S
H
P

I

D
E
V
E
L
O
P
E
X
X
A
R
O
S

’

•  Non-traditional financing in often unfamiliar markets (private equity, sovereign 

wealth funds, hedge funds, joint ventures, mergers, acquisitions, demand) 
where relationships are critical

•  Growth through vertical integration, foreign projects, acquisitions

•  Plan for the unforeseeable/worst-case scenario. View this as a risk and an 

opportunity

•  Adopting a phased development approach

•  Focus from board level, through all layers of management, on best-practice 
governance initiatives and processes that enable the business strategy.

Supporting the Exxaro strategy
Exxaro has five strategic focus areas shown below. The five capitals sustainability 
framework is a means to support Exxaro in reaching its strategic objectives and 
complements the five strategic focus areas.

Strategic focus area

Five capitals category

Ensure Exxaro’s 
sustainability 

All five categories of sustainability capitals apply — from 
compliance to benefits 

Protect and build Exxaro’s 
reputation

All compliance, material issues, stakeholder issues, and 
risks of each of the five capitals apply

Develop Exxaro’s leadership 
and people

Primarily the opportunities and benefits aspects of 
human capital and social capital apply

Improve Exxaro’s portfolio

Primarily the opportunities and benefits aspects of 
manufactured capital and financial capital apply

Achieve operational 
excellence

Primarily the opportunities and benefits of human capital 
and manufactured capital apply

Measuring sustainability across the organisation
Sustainability is moving higher on the agenda in Exxaro and is being reported at the 
highest level – to the sustainability, risk and compliance committee of the board. Each 
quarter, specific sustainability indicators across the different capitals are measured 
and reported to this committee. These are aligned with the GRI and are also linked to 
Exxaro’s material issues, stakeholder issues, risks and compliance requirements. They 
also change as business conditions change. As far as possible, Exxaro seeks a form of 
assurance on these key performance indicators — from internal controls to external 
assurance.

Reporting sustainability indicators (noted in the risk management section) is a journey 
that will improve and sustainability reporting will drive change in the business.

Innovation for sustainability
Sustainability at Exxaro is also about innovation — innovation for sustainability. This 
is encapsulated in our vision: through our innovation and growth we will be a powerful 
source of endless possibilities.

To set the context — mines by nature have limited life spans. Companies are 
continuously competing for fewer mineral deposits of lower grades which are more 
difficult to reach and more complex to mine. This, in addition to high operating costs, 
high shareholder expectations, uncertainty on mining rights and infrastructure 
constraints, means that the mining industry must constantly develop, acquire or adapt 
innovative technologies to ensure its sustainability.

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
p 62

SUSTAINABILITY

Developing innovative technologies has been a key strategy in the group’s history of 
identifying growth opportunities and adding value, and has influenced decisions to 
maintain a research and development division when others were reducing the scope 
and scale of their R&D.

Over the last two years, Exxaro has been working on a programme to make blue-sky 
innovation part of the group’s culture. This will broaden the company’s technology 
strategy and innovation programme to functions as diverse as sustainability, services, 
human resources, supply chain, information management, and SHEC or safety, health, 
environment and community.

Exxaro has developed a systematic process and supporting infrastructure that 
enables employees to log and evaluate ideas, develop a compelling business case and, 
if proven, add them to our project pipeline. This, in turn, is guided by our ten-step 
technology strategy development process that ensures projects support Exxaro’s 
business goals. Recent successes include:

•  The ultra high dense medium separation (UHDMS) processing technology provides 
a solution to the challenge of declining ore qualities and the limitations of existing 
technologies by improving resource utilisation and increasing life of mine.

•  Exxaro’s AlloyStream team is commercialising a new smelting process with 
a manganese partner using coal fines. This is the first manganese smelting 
process innovation in the industry in nearly 80 years. Proving that innovation is 
not necessarily a quick process, it took 18 years of testing, but the benefits are 
worthwhile, including a one-step steel smelting process, life-of-mine extensions and 
energy savings of up to half the costs of a traditional smelter.

•  Exxaro’s diversification strategy has extended beyond the mining industry to 

cleaner energy. As a coal producer and thus intensive energy user, Exxaro plays 
a significant role in the energy environment in South Africa. Over the last six years, 
Exxaro has addressed three issues that have become central to this environment: 
energy security, economic productivity and environmental impact, including climate 
change, land and water use and carbon emissions. A major achievement of the 
group’s energy strategy was the formation of a company aimed at generating power 
via a mix of renewable and cleaner energy sources. Cennergi was launched in April 
2012 as a joint venture with Tata Power of India.

•  Exxaro also recently announced a transaction with USA pigment manufacturer, 

Tronox, to form the world’s first vertically integrated mineral sands processing and 
pigment company.

•  The group’s future mine programme started in 2012 on the back of the innovation 
culture drive. Guided by senior functional coaches, a group of young professionals 
was tasked with defining technology focus areas for Exxaro and aligning these to 
the group’s commodity strategy for 2020, 2030 and 2050 horizons. They conducted 
local and global research, made benchmarking visits to companies around the 
world and attended numerous conferences to identify innovative opportunities and 
development initiatives which Exxaro could pursue in future.

All this focused activity will result in innovations that will keep Exxaro sustainable and 
position it to contribute to the nation’s economic growth from local to national level.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 63

Stakeholder engagement
The need for listed companies to respond to stakeholder concerns about social, 
economic and environmental performance – the triple bottom line – has grown 
exponentially in recent years. This is also increasingly linked to investor interests 
in emerging risk-related aspects of financial performance.

Stakeholder engagement guidelines and standards (such as Global Reporting Initiative, 
AA1000SES, King III and others) have emerged to drive stakeholder engagement 
processes and the quality of those interactions.

We believe engagement is fundamental to creating value for all our stakeholders: 
it assists in identifying issues that are material and may otherwise have an impact 
(negative or positive) on their wellbeing. We also believe that engaging with our 
stakeholders promotes the principles of balance, comparability, reliability, accuracy 
and transparency of our reporting, both internally and externally.

Accountability and oversight of group-wide stakeholder engagement is managed 
centrally to coordinate and support activities performed by Exxaro employees who 
interact directly with stakeholders.

Exxaro applies the AA1000SES standard and King III recommendations in a process 
that starts with identifying individuals or groups who affect or are affected by Exxaro 
and its operations’ current or future activities, classifying these as internal or external 
stakeholders, and then as direct or indirect stakeholders. To prioritise stakeholders, 
we identify those who influence or are influenced by Exxaro’s economic, social and 
environmental performance now, and in future. To ensure Exxaro successfully deals 
with all identified concerns, a risk matrix has been developed and implemented 
throughout the company. This includes a specific software enabler that records all 
issues and incidents to assist with comprehensive monitoring.

We strive to engage openly and proactively with stakeholders, responding to their 
issues and requests as part of ongoing programmes implemented by stakeholder-
facing teams across the group. The table identifies key stakeholders, methods and 
frequency of engagement and key issues.

p 64

SUSTAINABILITY

Stakeholder

Community 
stakeholders 
which include 
all authorities, 
affected and 
interested 
parties such as 
government, 
NGOs, etc

Engagement 
method

Community 
engagement 
forum 

Community 
development 
forum

Purpose

Frequency

Formal socio-economic 
assessments (SEATs) 
assessment every three 
years, followed by 
quarterly engagement 
forums

In 2013 Exxaro will conduct 
the next round of SEATs at 
all business units

Quarterly 

Identify material issues 
affecting communities 
surrounding Exxaro 
operations

Monitor progress on 
implementing local economic 
development projects and 
project spending

Determine local economic 
development projects 
for social labour plan, 
and implement these in a 
collaborative way

Engagement 
forums

Provide feedback to 
surrounding communities on 
resolving material issues

Quarterly 

Issues raised

•  Safety
•  Health
•  Environmental
•  Community 

•  Local economic 
development 
procurement 
opportunities
•  Employment 
opportunities
•  Environmental 

concerns

•  Education and skills 
development needs

•  Job creation 
initiatives

•  Shareholding/ 

equity

• 

Issues of mutual 
interest to 
operations and 
surrounding 
communities

Customers

Marketing

Enable Exxaro to understand 
and meet customer 
specifications

As required by each 
commodity business’ 
marketing department

•  Product quantities 

and qualities
•  Logistical issues

Advertise Exxaro products

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 65

Stakeholder

Engagement 
method

Purpose

Update on group strategy and 
developments

Promote ongoing 
discussions between worker 
representatives and mine 
management about the future 
of the mine

Implement strategies 
on downscaling and 
retrenchment when required

Provide feedback on progress 
made against social and 
labour plan commitments

Scheduled engagement takes 
place with recognised trade 
unions at operational and 
employer level 

Ensure government and 
Exxaro management are 
aligned

Update on group strategy and 
developments

Comply with environmental 
impact assessment (EIA) 
authorisations’ requirements

Engagement on mining rights, 
mining charter, social and 
labour plans and industry 
developments

Ensure investors are 
informed of group 
strategy, performance and 
developments

Employees

Intranet portal

Road shows

Group newsletter

Electronic 
communication

Information 
briefs

Caucus groups

Future Forum

Labour unions

Government

Government 
relations

Investors

Interested and 
affected parties’ 
authorisation 
process

DMR

Road shows

Briefings and 
meetings

Securities 
Exchange News 
Service (SENS)

Financial 
reporting

Site visits

Frequency

Ongoing

Quarterly

Ongoing

Issues raised

•  Remuneration and 
incentive schemes

•  Benefits

•  Corporate 

developments

Quarterly at business unit 
and corporate centre

•  Mine closure issues
•  Human resource 
development
•  Local economic 
development

Ongoing

Ongoing

• 

Issues relating 
to the employer/
employee 
relationship

•  Group support 

for government 
initiatives

As required by EIA 
authorisation process

•  Compliance with 

legislation

As required

Biannually

Ad hoc

Ad hoc

Biannually

•  Compliance

• 

Industry 
developments

•  Group strategy and 
implementation 

•  Corporate activity

•  Actual financial and 
operational results, 
outlook 

p 66

SUSTAINABILITY

Stakeholder

Media and  
general public

NGOs

Suppliers

Engagement 
method

Site visits

Interviews

News releases

Website

Advertising

Mine 
engagement

Corporate 
engagement

Green 
procurement

Sustainable 
supplier 
engagement

Preferential 
procurement

Purpose

Provide information for media 
to inform general public and 
other stakeholders

Update on group strategy and 
developments

Keep mine stakeholders 
informed on operational 
affairs

Frequency

Ad hoc

As required by media

Issues raised

•  Legislative 
compliance 

Ad hoc

Ongoing

Ad hoc

Quarterly

•  Group strategy and 
implementation

•  Corporate activity

Keep corporate stakeholders 
informed on Exxaro 
developments

Ad hoc

Maximise supply chain 
efficiency by buying 
environmentally friendly 
products and services 
and setting sustainability 
requirements in supplier 
agreements

Collaborate with suppliers 
in addressing supply chain 
sustainability issues and 
enhance their capabilities to 
meet sustainability standards:
•  Supplier sustainability 
assessments (audits)
•  Supplier sustainability 

development

•  Supplier innovations

To ensure Exxaro purchases 
goods and services from 
suppliers that meet BEE 
compliance requirements

As opportunities for green 
initiatives occur and as 
initiatives are identified 
by the green procurement 
working group. 

•  External 

stakeholders to be 
engaged in 2013 

As required by supply 
chain management

•  External 

stakeholders to be 
engaged in 2013 

Ongoing requirement on 
request-for-quotation or 
tender enquiry documents. 
Specified as a requirement 
for evaluating tenders.

•  Ongoing legislative 

compliance

Broader industry participation
As a stakeholder in the mining industry, Exxaro actively participates in shaping 
appropriate policies in South Africa through many channels, including:

•  The Chamber of Mines

•  National Energy Regulator of South Africa (NERSA)

•  Energy intensive users group (EIUG)

•  National electricity response team (NERT)

•  Energy efficiency accord through the technical committee facilitated by the National 

Business Institute (NBI)

• 

Industry energy policy-influence workshops

•  World Wildlife Fund (WWF) round table event

•  South African Chamber of Commerce and Industry’s (SACCI) electricity dialogue

•  SANBI (South Africa National Biodiversity Institute).

Exxaro is also involved in the initiatives of:

•  South African Independent Power Producers Association (SAIPPA)

•  Coaltech 2020

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 67

•  Fossil Fuel Foundation

•  Peace Parks Foundation

•  SA Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage with international and local partners

•  Clinton Foundation.

In terms of research and advocacy, Exxaro funds several university chairs, including:

•  Business and climate change (Unisa) — to promote and advance research, teaching 

and advocacy-orientated community engagements in this field, especially in 
developing economies.

•  Energy efficiency (Pretoria) — to participate at the forefront of research activities in 
energy efficiency and deliver world-class research and educational outputs for the 
benefit of Exxaro and South Africa.

•  Global change and sustainability (Wits) — to provide an enabling research platform 
of global significance and local impact, fostering informed and innovative actions 
for adaptation and mitigation strategies for sustainability in the rapidly changing 
southern African region.

•  Business and biodiversity leadership (Pretoria) — focusing on thought leadership 
in the interface between the spheres of business and biodiversity. As a group, 
Exxaro strives to influence society to make the right decisions by carefully 
managing the way in which we mine. This programme is an opportunity for 
the group to be at the forefront of driving something that will not only benefit 
South Africa, but also the world.

Commitment to external initiatives
As part of our goal of leadership in sustainability, Exxaro actively participates in 
initiatives that benefit both the industry and South Africa.

Initiative

Purpose

Progress

Community health project

Exxaro chair in earth science 
at University of Pretoria

University of Pretoria 
community-based project 
module

Mineral Education Trust Fund

National Business Initiative

To create HIV awareness and encourage 
HIV testing in communities surrounding 
our business units. We aim to create an 
environment that has no stigma against 
people living with HIV/Aids

Projects initiated at Arnot, Leeuwpan and 
North Block Complex in 2010, followed 
by Inyanda, Matla and New Clydesdale in 
2011. In 2012, Grootegeluk, Reductants and 
Tshikondeni implemented this initiative

Encourage research and dialogue

Support initiated until 2013

Compulsory community module for second 
year engineering students

Student support of community projects run 
by business units

Pool industry resources to support tertiary 
education in the South African minerals 
industry and jointly seek solutions to 
related challenges

To ensure a coordinated response to issues 
such as climate change and water

Annual contribution of over R2 million

Corporate membership

Exxaro participates in the Carbon Disclosure 
Project (CDP) programmes for energy and 
water to ensure responsible stewardship

Annual funding of over R1 million

People development initiative

Bridging year to prepare students for 
tertiary education in mining-related studies 
as well as sponsorships in the fields of 
education, health and entrepreneurial 
studies

p 68

SUSTAINABILITY

Key sustainability performance indicators
These sustainability indicators have been assured by PwC. 

Sustainability indicator

Safety
Fatalities
Lost-time injuries (LTIs)
Lost-time injury frequency rate (LTIFR) 

Occupational health
Employees participating in HIV/Aids voluntary 
counselling and testing (VCT)
Employees tested positive for HIV as a percentage 
of employees participating in VCT
New cases of pneumoconiosis 
New cases of occupational tuberculosis 
New cases of noise induced hearing loss 

Energy
Total diesel used
Total Sasol gas used
Total electricity used

Greenhouse gases
Indirect CO2 emissions — Scope 2 emissions 
Direct CO2 emissions from own operations —  
Scope 1 emissions
Scope 3

Environmental compliance
Status of integrated water user licence (IWUL) 
applications

Level 2 and 3 environmental incidents

Amendments made to approved EMPRs

Water
Total water withdrawal by source 

Unit

Number
Number
Rate

Number

Rate

Number
Number
Number

GJ
GJ
GJ

CO2 tonnes
CO2 tonnes

CO2 tonnes

Approved

Pending
Level 2
Level 3
Number

2012 Level of assurance

2 Reasonable
66 Reasonable
0,29 Reasonable

3 616 Limited

13% Limited

24 Limited
66 Limited
Limited
22

2 520 233 Reasonable
212 961 Reasonable
4 279 399 Reasonable

1 117 409 Reasonable
345 781

Limited

70 644 554 Limited

21 Reasonable

Limited

3
11
0
11 Reasonable

Cubic metres

12 308 604 Limited

Dust
Dust fallout rate
Environmental fallout dust: Points monitored with single 
unit dust bucket
Exceedances of residential limit

Number

Months

Exceedances of industrial limit

Months

73

Limited

Coal average 
per operation — 3
Coal worst 
performer — 11
Coal average per 
operation — 2
Coal worst 
performer — 7

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 69

Sustainability indicator

Land rehabilitation
Disturbances versus land rehabilitation 

Waste
Hazardous waste generated 

Unit

Ha

Tonnes

Radioactive waste disposed of (tonnes) — compliance 
to NNR

Number

Mining Charter
Ownership (% ownership by HDSAs)
Employment equity (total number of employees per race, 
gender and grade)
Procurement from historically disadvantaged 
South African (HDSA) suppliers

%
%

Value

Percentage conversion of hostels into family units

% spend
%

2012 Level of assurance

Land disturbed — 
8 944 ha

Limited

Land rehabilitated — 

2 840 ha

1 484 tonnes
Only for managed 
coal operations
No breaches 
reported

Limited

Limited

52,7% Reasonable
40% Reasonable

R7,9 billion Reasonable

59%
All conversions 
completed 
prior to 2012

Reasonable

Global Reporting Initiative
Self-declaration of application level

Level

B+

Limited

06

performance 
in 2012

Discard conveyor carrying discard from all Grootegeluk plants to kidney stacker en route to the discard dump

p 72

PERFORMANCE IN 2012

By corporate standards, Exxaro is a young company. However, in just six years, we 
have built on decades of experience and expertise to live up to our credo of powering 
possibility. Our progress is continually monitored at both financial and non-financial 
levels (see key sustainability performance indicators in the risk management section, 
page 41) and our intentions clearly set out in our strategy (page 20).

Performance targets
Exxaro’s business objectives are measurable indicators of progress. At every level, 
and in different ways, our teams are accountable for these objectives. All performance 
targets are measured at least annually, as part of the strategic review, and adjusted 
where required.

Target

Actual

Assured

2013

2012

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

Financial targets1 

Return on equity (ROE) – attributable  
earnings (%)

Operating margin (%)

Return on capital employed  
(ROCE) (%)

EBITDA interest cover (times)

Non-financial targets

Safety
– fatalities

–  lost-time injury frequency rate  
(per 200 000 hours worked) 

Employment equity – management 
(%)2

Functional literacy – employees (%)3

HIV/Aids voluntary testing and 
counselling (%) (long-term target 95%) 

Human resources development  
(% spend of payroll)

Learnerships4

Procurement from HDSA companies 
(%) (2014: 56) 

Community development (% of net 
profit after tax)5

Energy efficiency (%)

BBBEE rating – minimum level7

HDSA ownership (%)

>25 

>20 

>28 

>4 

>25 

>20 

>28 

>4 

19

20

27

11

36

18*

44*

22*

34 

14* 

38 

10* 

19 

12 

25 

7 

30 

18 

36 

14 

15 

14 

23 

10 

0

0

2

3

2 

3 

5 

5 

0,15

0,15

0,29

0,20

0,25 

0,33 

0,39 

0,36 

40

82

95

4,5

400

40

81

85

4,0

400

54

52

>1,0

N/A6

4

26

>1,0

6,2

4

26

40

81

75

5,5

437

59

1,8

4

52,7

41

82

82

5,7

397

59

1,4

3,8

5

52

50 

79 

70 

3,8 

379 

48 

70 

58 

5,0 

691 

42 

36 

64 

30 

5,2 

678 

6,5 

408 

50 

45 

39 

35 

2,5 

1,8 

52 

52 

56 

56 

*  Restated
1  Actual financial ratios disclosed exclude the impact of impairments and other non-recurring entries or the accounting for events that would make 

comparisons meaningless

2  Employment equity target is based on compliance with the mining charter
3  Above NQF level 1 (ABET 4, grade 9 and above)
4  Learnerships include all disciplines, eg mining, engineering, geology, etc. Average number in the system
5  Funds expended by business units for implementation of social and labour plan projects
6  Total cumulative target of 10% reduction from 2009 baseline by end 2012 achieved. Focus shifts to energy intensity improvements per business units
7  Revised DTI BBBEE codes currently being assessed by Exxaro

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 73

Delivering on group strategy
The 12 months to 31 December 2012 reflected solid progress on Exxaro’s five-point 
strategy:

Improve Exxaro’s portfolio
•  Coal: Construction on the Grootegeluk Medupi expansion project to supply 
Eskom’s Medupi power station with 14,6Mtpa of coal is progressing well. 
Exxaro was able to meet its contractual commitments on time with first coal 
delivered during 2012.

•  Mineral sands: Further to the interim results announcement, Exxaro has 

increased its shareholding in Tronox Limited, listed on the New York Stock 
Exchange, from the 39,2% held at date of transaction to 44,65% at 31 
December 2012. This is in line with the group’s strategy to increase its 
exposure to the mineral sands and pigment businesses.

•  Ferrous: Following the previous announcement on the acquisition of the 

African Iron Limited group of companies, we continue with our strategy to 
develop an Exxaro-managed and controlled iron ore business. For most of 
2012, we concentrated on activities to increase the resource, completing the 
bankable feasibility study for a 2Mtpa operation and negotiating a mining 
convention with the government of the Republic of Congo.

•  Energy: We continue to explore opportunities in the energy market, focusing 

on cleaner energy initiatives. Cennergi, our new joint venture with Tata 
Power, was awarded two wind energy projects in the Eastern Cape. We also 
recently concluded a term sheet with Linc Energy Limited to jointly pursue 
underground coal gasification as a commercial business to develop energy 
solutions in sub-Saharan Africa. This is in line with our strategy to include 
clean energy technologies as part of our energy growth aspirations.

•  Base metals: In line with our strategy to exit this market, the sale of Rosh 
Pinah was completed in June, following the earlier end of production at 
Zincor. The group continues to hold 26% in Black Mountain mine.

Exxaro’s growth initiatives continue to focus on diversifying the business with 
carbon, reductants, ferrous and energy projects, aligned with our approved 
commodity strategy.

Coal
Grootegeluk Medupi expansion project (GMEP) expenditure to date is R7,1 billion 
with the project 92% complete. Total project expenditure is estimated 
at R10,2 billion. The budget has been increased by R700 million due to a 
combination of factors, including escalations, labour unrest, steel shortages and 
additional scope. The first coal based on a revised ramp-up schedule agreed with 
Eskom was delivered to the utility to commission the respective coal-handling 
systems. The coal supply ramp-up will begin in the first half of 2013 and is 
expected to continue until the second half of 2016.

The project will be implemented in three phases to provide for the delayed  
ramp–up of Eskom tonnages. Phase one includes the first mining equipment, 
run-of-mine bunker, total plant complex and total dispatch facilities. We 
anticipate that coal will be produced through the plant in the first half of 2013. 
Phase two, which is 75% complete, includes the conveyors and semi-mobile tip 
and crushers in the pit. This is forecast to be completed by the third quarter of 
2013. Phase three includes the remaining mining equipment and the housing 
project of 740 units, forecast to be complete in the first half of 2013.

 
p 74

PERFORMANCE IN 2012

The backfill project at Grootegeluk is progressing well, with phase one forecast 
to be completed in the third quarter of 2013 and phase two by the end of 2014.

Exxaro continues to engage with relevant stakeholders to conclude 
implementation plans for integrated infrastructure for the Waterberg coalfields, 
including the supply of water, rail, road and housing. The upgrade of the Zeeland 
water treatment works plant, which supplies Lephalale municipality with potable 
water, was completed and commissioned in 2012, doubling capacity from 20Mℓ/
day to 40Mℓ/day. This integrated infrastructure is crucial to developing all 
projects in the Waterberg, geared to both domestic and export markets.

Recent weak market conditions delayed the char phase II expansion project. 
The bankable feasibility study is still expected to be complete in the first half 
of 2013. Exxaro is also evaluating a bankable feasibility study to produce 
market coke from semi-soft coking coal at Grootegeluk, which is expected to be 
completed in 2013.

The bankable feasibility study on the Belfast project in Mpumalanga continues to 
progress and is expected to be complete in the first half of 2013. Exxaro received 
the mining right for this project in the first quarter of 2013.

The Moranbah South project is a 50/50 joint venture with Anglo American in the 
Bowen Basin of Queensland, Australia. The prefeasibility study indicated high 
potential for a dual longwall mine to produce 10 to 12Mtpa of prime hard coking 
coal product. The joint value engineering between Exxaro and Anglo American 
is progressing as planned. This is expected to continue throughout the first half 
of 2013, after which the prefeasibility study will be updated, before obtaining 
approval to begin the definitive feasibility study.

Ferrous
A review of the operations and technical aspects of the Mayoko project in 
Republic of Congo was completed in the second half of 2012.

Implementation of phase I progressed rapidly after it was approved by the 
Exxaro board in 2012. The immediate priority is to produce initial tonnes by the 
second half of 2013 by focusing on transported ore that does not require much 
processing. The initial phase is also aimed at ensuring access to critical rail and 
port infrastructure and de-bottlenecking the entire production and logistics 
chain before ramping production up to a rate of 2Mtpa in 2014. The ultimate 
objective is to develop the project in phases to produce and export 10Mtpa 
by 2016/2017.

A legally binding memorandum of understanding detailing the principles of the 
final Republic of Congo mining convention was concluded between Exxaro and 
the government of that country in December 2012. All efforts are now being 
directed at reaching agreement with the government for the mining convention 
to be enacted during the parliamentary session in the second half of 2013.

Regular engagement with the relevant Republic of Congo government 
authorities continues at all levels to ensure the project is successfully 
implemented.

The bankable feasibility study for the ferrosilicon expansion project will be 
conducted in 2013. Production is envisaged to increase from the third quarter 
of 2014, ramping up to almost double the existing capacity to meet growing 
customer demand.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 75

Energy
Exxaro continues to explore opportunities in energy markets, with a focus on 
cleaner energy initiatives.

Cennergi, a 50/50 joint venture with Tata Power, was granted preferred 
bidder status on two projects submitted in window 2 under the independent 
power producer procurement programme. The joint venture will continue to 
focus on obtaining financial closure on the Amakhala and Tsitsikamma wind 
projects by the first half of 2013. It is preparing to submit additional renewable 
energy projects in window 3 of the Department of Energy’s renewable energy 
independent power producer programme in the third quarter of 2013.

The prefeasibility study on developing a 600MW coal-fired base load 
independent power producer power station in the Waterberg continues. 
Following a selection process, Exxaro and an independent power producer 
developer concluded a project development agreement in November 2012. 
The agreement was approved by the Exxaro board and remains subject only to 
concluding a coal supply and offtake term sheet by the second quarter of 2013. 
The environmental impact assessment process and associated studies are under 
way, due for completion in 2013. The bankable feasibility study is conditional on 
establishing an appropriate enabling environment for such a development.

Thabametsi is a prospective greenfields mine adjacent to Grootegeluk mine in 
the Waterberg. Its development will coincide with the 600MW power station 
noted above. The mining right application is in process and first coal production 
is expected by 2016/2017, although this depends on the 600MW Waterberg 
independent power producer and water supply development schedules.

Exxaro and Linc Energy signed a term sheet to develop underground coal 
gasification projects in sub-Saharan Africa in October 2012.

  Ensure Exxaro’s sustainability

Safety and health
Safety remains a top priority. The group continues to strive to achieve zero harm 
at our operations, with a focus on proactive risk identification and assessment, 
as well as enhancing the effectiveness of control measures undertaken. Our 
safety performance for the year was mixed: after achieving the rare industry 
milestone of 12 months without a fatality in July, there were regrettably two 
fatalities in the second half. The biggest disappointment of our performance in 
2012 was the significant deterioration in our lost-time injury frequency rate or 
LTIFR. This reversed the positive trend of recent years to end at 0,29 — missing 
the target of 0,15 and well above the 0,21 in 2011. Management is aggressively 
addressing this trend reversal. Six business units achieved no lost-time injuries 
for the year ended 31 December 2012 compared to five in 2011.

Health and hygiene focus areas in 2012 included a review of the health and 
hygiene programme, HIV/Aids and TB, system development and health 
awareness. These initiatives are detailed on page 103.

p 76

PERFORMANCE IN 2012

Environment
Exxaro’s operations have applied for all outstanding environmental 
authorisations required in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources 
Development Act, the National Water Act and the National Environmental 
Management Act. We continue to strive to find a balance between the 
environmental, social and economic impacts of mining, and aspire to more than 
mere compliance. 

Regrettably, Exxaro needed to resort to the courts during the year on certain 
integrated water use licences after North Block Complex (Glisa) and Leeuwpan 
mines were given directives for suspected non-compliance with the National 
Water Act. These directives were suspended by the High Court and the Minister 
of Water Affairs directed to reinstate the Water Tribunal, which had been 
placed in abeyance by the department pending the amendment of the National 
Water Act.

Eerstelingsfontein mine’s water licence is being appealed by a stakeholder 
group. This appeal is pending at the High Court, with no hearing date set as yet. 
We believe the High Court is likely to refer the appeal back to the Water Tribunal, 
which is currently in abeyance.

New mining rights applications in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources 
Development Act of South Africa were submitted for the Paardeplaats and 
Thabametsi projects. Final environmental management plans were submitted 
in the first quarter of 2013.

A wetland strategy project was initiated in 2012 to assist operations to address 
the challenges of mining in ecologically sensitive environments.

All 12 Exxaro-operated business units have retained their ISO 14000 and 
OHSAS 18001 certifications in 2012.

Innovation
To ensure the sustainability of the group, Exxaro has several breakthrough 
innovations that are expected to turn into commercial operations. If fully 
developed, they will contribute to the group’s strategic goal of achieving a 
US$20 billion market capitalisation by 2020, and to the economic development 
of South Africa. One such initiative is the ultra high dense medium separation 
processing technology which provides a solution to the challenge of declining 
iron ore qualities and the limitations of existing technologies by improving 
resource utilisation and increasing life of mine.

  Protect and build Exxaro’s reputation

Understanding that an organisation is only as prosperous as the communities in 
which it operates, Exxaro has several community development projects under 
way. These projects are aimed at ensuring we are able to maximise benefits by 
focusing on sustainable initiatives for surrounding communities.

A good example is the R100 million upgrade of the Zeeland water treatment 
works plant which supplies potable water to over 21 000 residents in the 
Lephalale local municipality in Limpopo. Completed and commissioned in 
the second quarter of 2012, the water treatment works is operated by our 
Grootegeluk mine as part of its contribution to local infrastructure and has been 
awarded Blue Drop certification by the Department of Water Affairs. 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 77

As required by the MPRDA, new social and labour plans are being developed 
for all the Exxaro mining-right operations, covering 2013 to 2017. An extension 
to submit these plans was requested from the DMR. The intention is to more 
accurately determine exact local community issues and support municipal 
integrated development plans with better sustainable priorities before 
finalisation and submission. In drafting the social and labour plans, we will use 
greater financial rigour to include feasibility studies (where necessary), cash 
flow analysis, sustainability evaluations of projects, and economic value added 
for all respective stakeholders. 

A new community development policy, the Exxaro social compact, is being 
developed. This aims to provide a new paradigm for community development 
that further progresses the moving away from the remaining elements of a 
‘paternalistic’ model to one focused on assisting communities in determining 
their own developmental path. 

The group’s contribution to the Exxaro Chairman’s Fund and Exxaro Foundation 
in 2012 earmarked for investments in social and labour plans was R50 million, 
from which R24 million was spent on community development initiatives in 
the year. An additional discretionary R10 million was also contributed from 
corporate departments.

  Develop Exxaro’s leadership and people 

An integral element of our long-term sustainability is empowering our 
employees. In May 2012, the board and shareholders approved the new 
employee share ownership plan, referred to as Mpower 2012, for employees 
below management level. The new scheme will run for five years, with each 
employee receiving 387 Exxaro shares at no cost to the employee. The economic 
cost of implementing the new scheme was around R584 million. 

  Achieve operational and financial excellence 

Performance on revenue net operating, earnings and cash flow are 
comprehensively reported on under “Group financial performance in brief” 
under the financial capital section.

Exxaro will continue to focus on creating and maintaining a safe and healthy environment for our people to work in

p 78

PERFORMANCE IN 2012

Performance against targets

What we said we would do

Progress

Target 2013 and beyond

Aim for our target of:
•  Zero fatalities
•  LTIFR of 0,15
•  100% of business units to 
have implemented safety 
improvement plans

•  Fatality-free first half and 12 months 

fatality-free by July 2012. This 
is rare in our industry and while 
we are grateful and delighted, we 
need to consistently guard against 
complacency. Regrettably, there 
were two fatalities in the second half. 
The LTIFR was 0,29

•  82% of safety improvement plans 

implemented

•  Eight business unit teams achieved 

their safe day target

•  Zero fatalities
•  LTIFR 0,15 (2013, zero long term)
•  Maintain OHSAS 18001 certifications 

and obtain certification for 
Grootegeluk Medupi expansion 
project

Comply with industry targets to:
•  Reduce noise-induced hearing 
loss (NIHL) to less than 10% 
(from baseline) per individual 
by 2013

•  Maintain prevalence of 

HIV below industry norm: 
Internal targets: 80% VCT, 
>70% retention on treatment 
programme, reduce indirect 
costs by 5% from baseline

•  Raise awareness of health 
and hygiene programme.

•  Review system requirements 
to support health processes 

• 

• 

Introduce management 
standard for profiling 
occupational risk exposure

Improve DTI BBBEE scorecard 
from level 5 to level 4 by 
2012 and minimum level 4 
by 2013, based on revised 
and more onerous DTI BBBEE 
codes

•  Meet mining charter 
scorecard targets for 
transformation

•  Employee shareholders — 

enhanced benefits

•  Although fewer cases of NIHL were 

•  Reduce NIHL to less than 10% from 

reported in 2012, the existing number 
of cases warrants continued focus

baseline per individual 

•  Train 20% of line managers on ways 
to support employees with HIV/Aids

•  HIV/Aids prevalence is estimated 
13% (industry average 25%), with 
92% of employees who attended 
HIV training electing to test for HIV. 
Since the successful launch of our HIV 
disclosure initiative in June 2012, more 
than 130 individuals have enrolled on 
the HIV management and treatment 
programme — Treatment retention 
70%, total of 164 community peer 
educators trained at nine sites

•  Awareness is being raised by 

•  Continue to raise employee 

awareness about chronic diseases

•  Level 4 rating for 2013, then 

progressively improve

•  Achieve outstanding 2014 targets 

developing and distributing health 
information to employees on NIHL, 
HIV/Aids, TB

•  System requirements were reviewed 
and preparations for implementation 
completed

•  Pilot project initiated in Pretoria 
region. The aim is to standardise 
implementation of risk-based medical 
surveillance at all sites

•  Level 4 achieved 

•  Compliance reported per mining 
right for 2011, with no critical non-
conformance; 2012 compliance being 
compiled and verified

•  New Mpower scheme introduced — 
qualifying employees receive units 
(equivalent to shares) at no cost to 
employee

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EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 79

What we said we would do

Progress

Target 2013 and beyond

•  Conduct comprehensive skills 

•  Pilot skills audit completed at North 

•  Audits envisaged for additional 

audit

Block Complex and skills audit initiated 
at Inyanda

business units

•  Give all employees the 

opportunity to participate in 
home ownership by 2014

•  7,7% bought company property, 2,8% 
in family quarters, 153 participating 
in Exxaro’s subsidised first-time 
homeowner scheme, 13,3% in single 
quarters

e
l
p
o
e
p

r
u
O

analysis at remaining business 
units

t •  Complete formal stakeholder 
n
e
m
e
g
a
g
n
e

stakeholder engagement 
policy

•  Develop community 

•  SEAT (socio-economic assessment 

tool) to be rolled out at all 
operations in 2013

•  Policy and management standard to 
be approved and rolled out in 2013

r
e
d
l
o
h
e
k
a
t
S

t
n
e
m
n
o
r
i

v
n
E

• 

Improve on JSE SRI rating by 
continuously implementing 
innovative environmental 
solutions

•  Further improve compliance 

levels

•  Forum to develop clear policy 

and standards on mine-
closure requirements given 
that Exxaro has two mines 
within five years of closure 
(Tshikondeni and Inyanda)

• 

Implementing integrated business 
model to guide the lifecycle of our 
operations — from planning and 
feasibility to post-closure activities. 
Environmental specialists participating 
in project-planning forums

•  We have conducted environmental 
legal assessments at all operations 
and developed auditable action plans 
to close identified gaps. All senior and 
project managers attended relevant 
legal training. We are developing 
wetland, pans and sensitive eco-system 
databases and related strategies per 
operation

•  Forum established and standards 

developed based on a legal and risk 
approach. Rehabilitation standard 
updated in 2012, to strengthen ongoing 
rehabilitation procedures

•  All projects to have environmental 
specialist input at planning stage

•  Exxaro wetland strategy to be 

finalised in 2013

•  All mines within five years of closure 
to initiate approval of closure plans

 
 
p 80

PERFORMANCE IN 2012

Our future

Our future will be defined by several factors, some outside our control. However, 

Exxaro has a strong balance sheet, excellent project pipeline and a motivated 

workforce to ensure we reach our goal of building a company with a U$20 billion 

market capitalisation by 2020.

Reaching our goals
To realise our commodity growth aspirations, we are focused on effectively managing 
the key elements that underpin this success:

Element

Measure 

Target for 2013 and beyond

Our people — keeping 
our workforce safe 
and healthy

•  Reducing loss-time injury 
frequency rate (LTIFR) by 
30% pa

•  0,15 (2013). 0,0 (longer term). Disappointingly, we missed our 

target in 2012 and appropriate measures are being taken

•  Reduce the incidence of 
life-threatening diseases

•  Wellness

•  The HIV/Aids prevalence is 13% compared to 25% in the mining 

industry. Ongoing campaigns encourage our people to know their 
status. In 2012, over 90% of those who attended HIV training 
chose to participate in voluntary counselling and testing. There 
was a marked increase in the number of employees who enrolled 
on the HIV/Aids management programme in 2012 compared to the 
prior two years, with 70% adhering to their treatment programmes

•  Given the resurgence of TB, continual education on signs and 
symptoms needs to be given to employees so they can access 
medical care in good time. Although infection rates have 
decreased over the past three years, a rate of 500 per 100 000 
is still high. Community peer educators have been trained at nine 
sites in Mpumalanga and Limpopo

•  Community legacy

• 

In 2012, we contributed R60 million on community projects 
(page 190)

Our natural 
environment — 
managing our use 
of resources and 
minimising emissions

• 

• 

Improved legal 
compliance, authorisation 
and certification

Integrating environmental 
management principles 
throughout life-of-mine 
planning

•  All operations have required ISO 14000 and OHSAS 18001 

certification

•  Biodiversity action plans 

•  Achieved. Targets for business units being set

developed for most 
business units

•  Hazardous waste 

• 

In progress. Targets for business units being set

management — baseline 
assessment

•  Reduce potable water 
consumption by 5%

•  Air quality reduce 

emissions by 10% over 
three years to 2012

• 

Improving energy 
efficiency by 10% by 2012

•  Achieved. New targets include discharge water, re-use, recycling

•  Long- and short-term goals qualified

•  Partially achieved. New energy intensity targets set per business 

unit

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 81

Element

Measure 

Target for 2013 and beyond

Our sustainability 
— managing our 
manufactured, 
intellectual and 
financial capital

• 

• 

Improved infrastructure

Innovation — group-wide 
campaign under way to 
capitalise on depth of 
intellectual capital in 
Exxaro

•  Future mine design — an 
integrated model guides 
the lifecycle of our 
operational activities from 
planning and feasibility 
stages of a mining project 
to post-closure

In 2012, the first AlloyStream™ ferromanganese furnace was 
commissioned — representing the first new manganese production 
technology in 80 years and a proprietary innovation for Exxaro 
after 18 years of development and investment. The AlloyStream 
furnace uses cheaper reductants, less electricity and has a lower 
environmental impact than conventional technology. AlloyStream 
reduces steel smelting to a one-step process, doubles the life of 
a manganese mine and halves the electrical energy costs of a 
traditional smelter

Our host communities •  Create sustainable 

•  Capacity building interventions in education, skills development, 

communities

enterprise development and agriculture

• 

Increase GDP of local 
communities

•  Leaving a sustainable legacy in our communities

p 82

PERFORMANCE IN 2012

Case study — putting more energy into using less energy
Getting metals and minerals from mine to market is an energy-intensive business, 
whichever way you look at it. Sponsoring related research is just one of the ways 
in which Exxaro is tackling this challenge.

Electricity plays a critical part in extraction, processing and beneficiation and, 
as a business, Exxaro’s energy footprint is considerable. Managing our fossil fuel 
use has always been a priority, but given the cost and scarcity of power, coupled 
with our responsibility to the environment and society, we are becoming more 
innovative in how we address this issue.

In 2012, we completed the first of a three-year sponsorship of an energy 
efficiency research chair at the University of Pretoria’s Centre of New Energy 
Systems (CNES). This investment will provide the knowledge Exxaro needs to 
achieve our energy efficiency and energy intensity ambitions, and builds on 
three years of work aimed at realising our pledge to achieve an energy efficiency 
target of 10% by the end of 2012.

In 2011 we achieved a 0,8% year-on-year auditable electricity saving — equivalent 
to about 17GWh of electricity and R8 million in Eskom charges. We reduced 
diesel and electricity consumption by 2,4% and 3,2% respectively, year-on-year, 
compared with the 2009 baseline for the coal, sands and base metals sectors.

In 2012, we adopted a new approach, focusing on measuring energy efficiency 
improvements exclusively. Targets for 2013 are specific to individual business 
units and are in the region of 5%.

Over the past three years, our understanding of energy efficiency has advanced 
significantly. While recognising that it is a cross-discipline issue that affects all 
aspects of our organisation, we also understand that efficiency improvements 
must be balanced against the need to meet increasing production targets. 
The energy efficiency research chair at CNES is just one of many cross-cutting 
initiatives that will help us achieve this delicate balance.

Ultimately, energy efficiency will enable Exxaro to continue ‘powering possibility’ 
— just more efficiently.

Awards

Boston Consulting Group

One of the top ten mining companies worldwide 
measured by highest total shareholder returns over 
2001 to 2011. See panel right

Financial Mail

Among the top ten in the Top South Africa Company 
survey for financial excellence 

Deloitte Best Company 
to Work For

Ernst & Young World 
Entrepreneur Awards  
2012

Frost & Sullivan 2012  
Growth Innovation 
Leadership Award

Carbon Disclosure  
Project

Corporate Research 
Foundation Best Employers 

Exxaro earned a Standard of Excellence Award in 
the 2012 survey. We are exceptionally proud of this 
achievement given that this was a target we set for 2016, 
and achieved four years early

CEO Sipho Nkosi won the master category for southern 
Africa (page 89)

Awarded to Exxaro CEO, Sipho Nkosi, for his commitment 
and dedication to building a greater sustainable mining 
industry, while continuing to drive and lead South Africa 
into the future

Top score of 100 points on leadership index for carbon 
and energy management — a first for South Africa and 
the company. 

Exxaro was rated in the top ten in the 2011/2012 survey

Department of Water Affairs Exxaro’s Zeeland water treatment works, which supplies 

water to over 21 000 residents of Lephalale local 
municipality in Limpopo, was awarded the prestigious 
Blue Drop certification by the Department of Water 
Affairs (DWA)

Grootegeluk was second in the industry, mining and 
power sector category of the DWA’s water conservation 
and demand-side management award 

Green Excellence in Technology Innovation in Mining

Best internal newsletter (fourth award)

Frost & Sullivan Global 
Research Platform

South Africa Publications 
Forum

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 83

Top 10 in shareholder 
returns globally

In January 2013, Exxaro was 
named as one of the top ten 
mining companies worldwide 
delivering the highest total 
shareholder returns (TSRs) 
over the period spanning 2001 
to 2011.

A report from the Boston 
Consulting Group  
(www.bcg.com) stated that 
excellent capital stewardship, 
robust organic growth and a 
strong, credible outlook for 
value creation helped the 
global mining industry achieve 
average TSRs of 18% between 
2001 and 2011, 15% more than 
the S&P500. “Notably, the 
decade-long annual average 
TSR of the industry’s top ten 
was an impressive 39%,” 
says the report. “Unlike their 
industry peers, the top ten 
mining companies continued to 
earn high TSRs in the second 
half of the decade, the period 
encompassing the global 
financial crisis.”

The Boston Consulting Group 
noted, “The mining industry 
clearly benefited from the 
continued economic expansion 
in emerging markets, which led 
to steadily rising commodity 
prices. Value creation was also 
fuelled by production growth, 
margin expansion, and cash 
returned to equity holders.”

Exxaro was the only South 
African miner among the top 10 
value creators.

According to the study, 
factors behind the dramatic 
performance of the top ten 
include managing capital 
expenditures and consequent 
cash flows well. The result 
was evident in their debt 
management, limited equity 
dilution and dividend policies.

07

human 
capital

Mining activities being executed from mine plan

p 86

HUMAN CAPITAL

People — employees and stakeholders
Our approach to our people is guided by a comprehensive suite of policies covering 
employment, labour/management relations, occupational health and safety, training 
and education, diversity and equal opportunity.

South Africa is particularly challenged by the shortage of specific skills and a national 
plan is in place to address critical or scarce competencies. As such, attracting, 
retaining and developing these skills is a focal area for all mining companies and a 
competitive point of difference. Supported by the leading practices developed in 
recent years, Exxaro concentrates on exceeding compliance targets in South Africa by 
training and development to maximise individual potential, equality and safety in the 
workplace, meeting our employment equity targets and improving standards of living 
in our stakeholder communities. Collectively, our initiatives are also contributing to 
reducing the shortage of skills in our industry.

The group’s vision, mission, business strategy and culture drive a total remuneration 
philosophy and strategy in tandem with a total remuneration approach. The underlying 
components include guaranteed pay, short-term performance incentives and long-
term incentives such as share-based schemes and other benefits linked to longer-term 
targets to ensure sustainability. All components are benchmarked against the external 
market to ensure Exxaro remains competitive.

Wage agreements on remuneration are in place at all group employers, while formal 
processes determine remuneration for management and specialist categories. 
Six-monthly market surveys ensure total remuneration is market related.

At all levels, minimum conditions of employment generally exceed the requirements 
of South Africa’s Basic Conditions of Employment Act.

Through Exxaro’s human resource development policy, we aim to:

•  Develop and sustain core competencies and maximise human resources to meet the 

group’s strategic objectives and improve operational performance

•  Create a learning culture by assisting and facilitating the process in which 

employees and their dependants take responsibility for improving their own 
educational and competency levels, to the mutual benefit of the individual and the 
organisation

•  Ensure integration and uniformity in all learning and development processes by 

leveraging technologies

•  Support and reinforce our values through various learning and development 

initiatives

•  Ensure learning and development initiatives are career-focused and aligned with 

business objectives

•  Establish life-long learning as the major thrust of learning and development.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 87

Current and future skills requirements
Skills development
The shortage of skills in South Africa is well documented, and not unique to this 
country. For companies like Exxaro, the skills deficit translates into issues surrounding 
leadership and culture, literacy and numeracy, and providing a pipeline of core and 
critical skills. The private sector cannot afford to wait for the public education system 
to produce the calibre of people it needs at every level. The sustainability of business 
collectively depends on rapidly developing the skills each company needs to run and 
develop its operations which, in turn, enable it to empower employees to develop their 
full potential and ultimately contribute to national economic growth.

At Exxaro, we focus on empowering all staff with the knowledge and skills they need to 
develop personally and help us grow the company for the benefit of all. Our policy is to 
invest an appropriate amount of total salaries and wages each year on human resource 
development. In 2012, this was 5,5% or an investment of R177 million (2011: 5,7% or 
R225 million). The lower monetary value in 2012 is primarily due to corporate activity 
and divestment in Exxaro’s mineral sands and base metals businesses respectively.

We encourage our people to accept joint responsibility for managing their career 
growth. Financial assistance is provided to permanent employees with potential to 
continue their education through part-time studies of recognised, approved courses 
and programmes. Employees nominated by the company to attend courses or 
programmes are fully sponsored for tuition, examinations, travel, accommodation 
costs and study leave. In 2012, 49 employees enrolled for post-graduate studies and 
489 for management development programmes sponsored by Exxaro.

Specific strategies to ensure the accelerated learning and development of black 
people, women and people with disabilities include:

•  Fast-tracking employees with leadership and management potential

•  Accelerated development for occupation-based skills

•  Formal study assistance

•  Adult basic education

•  Life skills programmes

•  Learnerships.

Skills development

Total training spend

Total training spend on HDSA

Spent

2011
Rm

225

172

2012
Rm

177

134

2010
Rm

140

115

p 88

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Graduate programme
Exxaro’s three-year professionals-in-training programme blends academic theory 
with the work environment. Each graduate has a mentor who supervises exposure to 
various commodities, leadership and management training. Mentors also assist with 
fulfilling registration requirements for relevant governing bodies and professional 
associations. In 2012, there were 80 professionals in training throughout Exxaro 
(2011: 88) in a R39,4 million programme. Of the 2012 intake, 43% are women. 
Over 90% of qualifying professionals-in-training were permanently appointed 
at Exxaro.

Bursary programme
There are currently 101 bursars studying at South African institutions at a cost of 
R9,2 million per annum. Over two-thirds are historically disadvantaged South Africans 
and 24% are women.

As part of its bridging programme, Exxaro granted 12 bursaries in 2012 to school-
leavers interested in technical disciplines such as engineering (metallurgical, chemical, 
mechanical, electrical, industrial, mining or civil), mine surveying and geology. 
Candidates must be grade 12 students from Exxaro communities who want to study for 
a technical degree or diploma. Six students secured Exxaro bursaries during the intake 
for 2013. The total cost of bursaries is R1,5 million per annum.

Community education
In 2012, 154 community members enrolled for adult basic education and training 
(ABET) at Exxaro. At North Block Complex almost R700 000 was spent on grade 12 
learners in Saturday schools to improve science and mathematical knowledge and 
understanding.

Sponsorships
In 2012, Exxaro committed to offer scholarships to students in the fields of education, 
health sciences, entrepreneurial studies and in the areas of Exxaro’s research chairs. 
These individuals are expected to practise their crafts in communities where Exxaro 
operates for a specific period. Alternatively, their research should support the 
objectives of the chair and/or add value to Exxaro. During the year, four scholarships 
were awarded to two medical students and two education students.

Talent management
Retention
The challenge of finding suitable skills to staff new projects is ongoing. Exxaro has an 
active retention programme to maintain scarce skills that accounts for 5-6% of total 
payroll. Equally, considerable attention is given to building a sustainable talent pipeline 
of skills in critical or scarce competencies.

To preserve technical and engineering competence in the group, aggressive 
retention and succession-planning strategies are in place. These are supported by 
comprehensive training and growth opportunities that continually rotate and expose 
talented individuals to multidisciplinary teams.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 89

Leading by example
Exxaro CEO, Sipho Nkosi, 
emerged victorious at the 
Southern Africa chapter of 
the Ernst & Young World 
Entrepreneur Awards after 
being named the winner in the 
master entrepreneur category.

Now in their 15th year, the awards 
recognise entrepreneurs who 
demonstrate excellence in their 
respective fields of work and are 
described as a testament to the 
talent and potential that exist 
in Africa.

Sipho will fly the southern 
African flag high alongside 
his West and East African 
counterparts in 2013 when he 
competes at the Ernst & Young 
World Entrepreneur of the Year 
event in Monte Carlo against 
winners from some 50 nations.

The global programme 
celebrates the achievements 
of outstanding entrepreneurs 
and ensures their contribution 
to their country’s economic 
and social progress is widely 
recognised and honoured. This 
is considered one of the world’s 
premier business awards.

Following the award, Sipho 
noted that it was in fact 
recognition for Exxaro and all 
its people in the way the group 
moves forward with R&D and 
new ideas for survival in the 
industry. “I am just the leader 
of a great team. I was very 
privileged to be afforded the 
opportunity to represent the 
organisation in this way.”

“I believe this is a fitting 
testimony to the commitment of 
our people to this company and 
to entrepreneurship. It is this 
spirit that will take us through 
to meet our 2020 vision.”

Leadership development
Understanding that leadership is vital in building a high-performance culture, Exxaro 
has developed a unique philosophy dedicated to strategic business objectives 
and personal leadership improvement on all levels. In addition to valuing change 
in promoting business growth and performance, leaders in Exxaro are developed 
according to the credo that leaders must be credible to be truly incredible:

•  Credible leaders

—  Competence: basic functional and managing competencies to lead

—  Self: value-centred, accountable and reflective characters

—  People orientated: relational skills including diversity, respect and constructive 

discipline

—  Communication: foundational communication attitudes such as openness, 

listening and positive attitude

• 

Incredible leaders

—  Involved: create a context for meaningful participation of teams through 

diversity, trust and alignment

—  Inspire: connect people with the dream and maintain motivation to the vision

—  Invest: facilitate knowledge and understanding of people

—  Influence: influence achieving goals through respect, understanding and 

openness to change.

Additional skills development takes place after employees have been declared 
competent in their current positions to ensure solid foundations. In most cases, further 
development concentrates on a career path in the discipline in which an employee is 
currently working.

Additional skills development takes place after employees have been declared competent in their current positions to 
ensure solid foundations

p 90

HUMAN CAPITAL 

People — towards a zero-harm culture

Strategy

Risk

Opportunity

Target

To drive a 
zero-harm 
culture 

Safety incidents 
may affect company 
performance 

Align safety culture to the 
Exxaro high-performance 
culture and add value through 
good safety practices

2013: LTIFR of 0,15

Zero fatalities

The safety of our people is fundamental to our business, and we will not rest until 

we achieve our safety goals through collective responsibility, commitment and 

ongoing focus.

Our safety governance model begins with meeting legislative requirements as a 

minimum. Industry best practice risk management systems and processes are then 

modelled around key risks for implementation at operational level. This approach 

also informs the way human and financial resources are allocated and used to ensure 

improvement beyond legal compliance.

All 12 operational business units have international health and safety accreditation 

(OHSAS 18001).

To ensure effective communication, Exxaro’s official medium of instruction (both 

written and spoken) is English. All formal communication takes place in English, while 

remaining sensitive to local conditions. Fanakalo (the hybrid language traditionally 

used in South African mines) is not encouraged and no communication, training and 

development takes place in that language.

Our ultimate target remains zero injuries and, therefore, zero fatalities. To reach this 

goal, we review our lost-time injury frequency rate (LTIFR) target annually based on 

prior performance.

We will achieve this target by applying stringent management protocols, programmes 

and systems. Formal management health and safety committees are in place at 

all operations and meet regularly to discuss pertinent safety issues and risks 

observed during the previous shift, day, week and month. This allows operational 

teams to communicate effectively any safety issues and risks, while assessing their 

performance against corporate targets.

Every lost-time injury is investigated by the relevant business unit manager, while all 

fatalities are investigated by a committee with the appropriate skills, headed by an 

independent chairman. Findings are reported to the executive committee and the 

sustainability, risk and compliance committee and escalated to the board if required. 

Each business unit tracks its adherence to standards and legislation through a 

programme of self-assessments and corporate audits.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 91

The key generic risks facing our group range from limited hazard awareness to varied 

safety competency and non-adherence to corporate safety standards. Collectively, 

these may result in Exxaro being perceived as an unsafe business — which poses 

material risk to our sustainability. Accordingly, we have developed a timeline to achieve 
the desirable state that includes:

•  Zero fatalities

•  Zero lost-time injuries

•  Effective hazard identification and risk assessments (HIRA)

•  Visible felt leadership as a key driver of safety excellence

•  Zero repeat incidents.

Safety highlights
• 

In July 2012, Exxaro recorded a 12-month fatality-free period. This proves we can 
reach our target and is a powerful incentive to all our teams

•  Although the group missed its LTIFR target, commendable performances were 
recorded at Inyanda, Exxaro Reductants and North Block Complex. Research & 
development, Durnacol and Zincor also achieved their targets

•  Eight business units reached their safe-day targets (days without LTI).

Lowlights
•  Regrettably, two fatalities between August and December

•  Disappointingly, the LTIFR was 0,29 against a target of 0,15, reflecting the increase 

in number of lost-time injuries (LTIs) to 66 in 2012, compared with 48 in 2011.

Focus areas
To maintain our OHSAS 18001 certifications, Exxaro committed R60 million over five 
years (2009 to 2013) to achieving its safety targets:

•  Zero fatalities in the longer term and a 12-month fatality-free period in the short 

term

—  Actual performance for 2012: 12 months without a fatality achieved in July 2012 

but two fatalities to year end

• 

Improvement target was set at 30% (LTIFR = 0,15)

—  Actual performance in 2012 was a deterioration of 45% (LTIFR = 0,29).

Exxaro’s CEO Sustainability Summit is a biannual forum involving stakeholders 
from government (departments of mineral resources, water, health), labour, local 
communities, employees, media and any other interested and affected parties. At the 
inaugural summit four years ago, we identified five key areas that would enable us to 
make a tangible difference to safety performance:

•  Consequence management

•  Safety training

•  Culture (the Exxaro safety way of life)

•  Mini-HIRA (hazard identification risk assessment)

•  Communication.

p 92

HUMAN CAPITAL 

In 2012, Exxaro also introduced periodic SHEC summits with internal representation 

only and focused on addressing pressing SHEC challenges.

With the support of government, the Chamber of Mines and Exxaro’s recognised 

unions, this focus is producing tangible results. By year end, six business units had 

worked for 12 months without a lost-time injury (Inyanda, North Block Complex, 

Ferroland, R&D, Durnacol and Zincor).

Following the first summit, we rolled out an Exxaro safety improvement plan to all 

business units, focusing on the areas noted above. Progress in implementing these 

plans is monitored quarterly in the safety and sustainable development forum, and 

reported to the social and ethics committee. In 2011, we added health, environment 

and related issues to these plans to enhance awareness and participation. By the end 

of 2012, 82% of safety improvement plans had been implemented.

Exxaro set a target of zero fatalities, and an LTIFR (per 200 000 hours worked) of 0,15 
for 2012. Disappointingly, actual LTIFR performance was 0,29 — a 45% deterioration 
on the LTIFR of 0,20 in 2011. Exxaro management is currently implementing several 
programmes to improve performance:

•  Safety awareness is being raised using industrial theatre. This was instituted in the 

last quarter of 2012 and is 80% complete

•  The mini-HIRA process is being reviewed to enhance the effectiveness of the hazard 

identification and risk assessment process, which is expected to significantly 
minimise or prevent injuries

•  Visibility of management in the plant is being increased by enhancing visible felt 

leadership (VFL)

•  Medical treatment incident target was set and will be monitored to ensure 

prevention starts from non-LTI incidents.

The fatality frequency rate per 200 000 man hours worked in 2012 was 0,06 
compared to 0,07 in 2011. Our target remains zero, as no death is acceptable.

In risk-specific terms, the leading cause of injury was lifting and materials handling.

Exxaro LTIFR 2008 to 2012 (per 200 000 hours worked)

0,40

0,35

0,30

0,25

0,20

0,15

0,10

0,05

0,00

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013f

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 93

Exxaro fatalities 2008 to 2012

5

4

3

2

1

0

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

During the reporting period, no fines or sanctions for non-compliance with 
safety and health laws and regulations were imposed on any Exxaro operation. 
However, Tshikondeni and Grootegeluk mines were issued with section 54 and 55 
non-conformance notices which resulted in work stoppages:

•  Grootegeluk: 2 x section 54, 1 x section 55

•  Tshikondeni: 3 x section 54, 1 x section 55

• 

Inyanda: 1 x section 55

•  Matla: 1 x section 54.

In all instances, non-conformances were corrected and our corrective actions 
presented to the DMR authorities in Limpopo and Mpumalanga. The notices were 
subsequently lifted.

Safety training
While key risks differ by operation, our major challenges are vehicle incidents, energy 
and machinery isolation, and risk awareness and discipline at all levels. Because skills 
shortages exacerbate these challenges, the group concentrates on continuous  
on–the-job training to ensure sufficient trained people are in place, applying safe 
working practices.

Improving safety performance extends to contractors at all Exxaro operations as part 
of a formal programme:

•  Where appropriate, contractors are managed as part of Exxaro’s workforce

•  Adherence to corporate contractor management standards is enforced by each 

operation’s contractor manager

•  Monthly inspections ensure compliance

•  Contractors need to complete the relevant induction and medical examinations 

before starting work

•  Contractors participate in monthly SHEC meetings at operations.

p 94

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Exxaro has also implemented a policy detailing the approach to identifying, preparing 
for and responding to emergency situations affecting employees and surrounding 
communities. This spans all known types of emergency including fire, flood and bomb 
threats. Emergency situations that have occurred in recent years have been well 
handled, demonstrating the effectiveness of policy, training and execution.

Safety awareness
In January 2011, Exxaro launched the safety recognition award (for teams reaching 
their safe-day targets). This award also recognises year-on-year safety improvements 
in LTIFR and reinforces safety behaviour.

In 2012, team members at several business units achieved their safe-day targets 
(days without LTIs):

• 

Inyanda (345)

•  Grootegeluk Medupi expansion project (93)

•  New Clydesdale (287)

•  Research and Development (255)

•  Reductants (335)

•  Matla (118)

•  Tshikondeni (195)

•  Zincor (202).

These teams have qualified for the R1 300 safety recognition incentive per employee. 
Because achievements are recognised immediately, teams may qualify more than once 
in a year.

In addition, for the past two years, each Exxaro operation has raised a ‘safe day’ flag 
for each day without a lost-time injury. These visible flagpoles keep safety awareness 
high and celebrate every day without injury.

Paying tribute to our colleagues
Regrettably, in 2012, we lost two colleagues (2011: three). Our aim is zero harm and 
we continue to do our utmost to ensure we reach and maintain this goal as soon 
as possible.

•  Matla — 5 August 2012: electrician Nonhlanhla Shabalala (34) died from secondary 
complications after surgery for an injury sustained in an underground vehicle 
accident on 14 July 2012

•  Grootegeluk — 19 October 2012: Shadrack Moroka (57) sustained fatal injuries when 

a haulpak truck collided with an LDV bakkie in which he was an occupant.

These cases were thoroughly investigated, and lessons incorporated into our safety 
programmes to create an injury-free work environment.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 95

People — attracting and retaining a skilled workforce
For Exxaro’s management approach, see page 86.

Since Exxaro’s formation six years ago, we have steadily been building a culture 
that reflects the values of our organisation and our philosophy by engaging our 
talent to unlock value for Exxaro and its stakeholders. Our aim is to develop a high-
performance, enabling culture at every level using integrated and benchmarked 
practices to achieve strategic alignment and meet business targets.

Exxaro progressively benchmarks itself as an employer of choice against several other 
organisations, nationally and internationally, on the key drivers of culture, talent and 
engagement.

Specific strategic responses are identified from results in the prestigious Deloitte 
Best Company to Work For public survey in which Exxaro participates every second 
year. Our aim is to steadily improve our rating, reflecting the group-wide emphasis on 
performance in a healthy employee climate that proactively attracts and retains talent 
(see awards on page 83).

Share ownership
In 2011, employees participating in Exxaro’s Mpower (an empowerment scheme 
to broaden share participation among workers) shared a payout of over R1 billion. 
Since inception six years ago, each Mpower beneficiary has received over R9 200 in 
dividends. A new scheme was implemented in July 2012, known as Mpower 2012, and 
will run until end-May 2017. Participants received their first dividend in the review 
period.

In 2011, employees participating in Exxaro’s Mpower shared a payout of over R1 billion

p 96

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Importantly, in Mpower 2012, the various employer companies in the Exxaro group 
contributed cash to the trust to purchase shares. This means there is no loan to repay 
first, so Mpower 2012 participants will enjoy potential growth and profit from the 
outset. Each of the 7 290 participants received 387 units worth R75 000 on 1 July, 
regardless of remuneration level or years of service. New qualifying employees will 
receive a pro-rated number of units. 

Employment equity
When we created Exxaro — then the largest black-owned mining company in the 
country — we stated our intention of being the best example of how South African 
companies could and should be run. We made a commitment to our people to ensure 
their progress and to build the skills base we needed to fulfil our vision. Employment 
equity is just one of the ways in which we are doing this.

While employment equity is certainly a compliance issue, with strict targets imposed 
by both the mining charter and the government’s BEE codes, for Exxaro it is also a 
moral imperative.

At the heart of our employment equity strategy are detailed plans developed by each 
business unit in consultation with its employees and unions. These are updated and 
progress reported to the board quarterly and government annually.

By following these plans, each unit ensures that recruitment and skills development 
is conducted responsibly, encouraging transformation without affecting existing 
positions in the company. Each business unit has a dedicated senior manager for 
employment equity, and an employment equity forum responsible for ensuring 
appropriate plans are developed, executed, monitored and communicated to 
employees.

Exxaro’s staff complement was 7 721 at 31 December 2012, split into employees in 
bargaining units (80%) and the management and specialist category (20%). The drop 
in numbers from 2011 to 2012 reflects the transfer of our mineral sands operations to 
Tronox and the sale of Rosh Pinah.

The breakdown of Exxaro’s annual employment equity reports, as submitted to the 
Department of Labour, is shown below. As these reports are for the period 1 August 
2011 to 31 July 2012, totals differ from year-end numbers, which may appear elsewhere 
in the report.

Employee group gender key

Bargaining unit

Management and 
specialist category

Male Female

Total Male Female

Total

Grand 
total

Mpumalanga

2 922

455

3 377

134

40

174

2 142

250

2 392

70

70

Region

Gauteng

Limpopo

Foreigners

Expatriates

Local nationals

Total

458

380

274

5

4

7

367

825

999

60

54

5

440

2 832

328

3 705

5

4

12

75

4

12

Table reflects the figures as submitted to the DOL on 31 January 2012

5 268

745

6 013

1 128

486

1 614

7 627

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 97

Female

Foreigners

A

C

I/A

W

2

76

272

268

131

749

2

5

25

4

2

38

2

16

9

1

7

114

271

14

5

28

411

M

4

4

11

57

3

75

Grand
Total

4

104

841

2 650

3 241

775

7 615

Employment equity by race and gender

Level

Top management

Senior management

Middle management

Junior management

Semi-skilled 

Unskilled

Total

A

2

13

209

1 085

2 803

598

4 710

3

14

14

3

4

38

Male

C

I/A

W

2

71

378

955

85

31

4

25

8

6

1

44

1 522

A — African, I/A — Indian/Asians, C — coloured, W — white

Table reflects the figures as submitted to the DOL on 31 January 2012

12 local nationals have been excluded because they do not qualify as EE

For 2012, and excluding the mineral sands and Rosh Pinah operations, Exxaro’s 
average employee turnover rate was 11,7% (2011: 11%), primarily because of death, 
resignation, dismissal and disability. This rate reflects the closure of Zincor and 
voluntary separations as part of Exxaro’s restructuring process. The average turnover 
rate excluding voluntary retrenchments was 6% for 2012. The turnover rate by 
employee group is shown below:

Breakdown of turnover statistics

Top management

Senior management

Professional, specialist and middle management

Skilled technical, academically qualified and junior 
management

Semi-skilled and discretionary decision-making

Unskilled staff

Total

Terminations January  
to December 2012

% of workforce

Number

–

0,14

1,14

4,10

4,24

2,13

11,75

–

12

97

350

362

182

1 003

p 98

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Breakdown of turnover statistics

Turnover 

Gender

Race

Reasons for terminations

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85 513

%

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0,7

0,9 23,8

3,1

8,3

4,4

3,5 21,1

8,5 51,2

* 

 Included in other: 512 retrenchments and one breach of contract

Turnover vs total workforce per age group

%

25

20

15

10

5

0

21 — 30

31 — 40

41 — 50

51 — 57

58 — 65

Age groups

Remuneration
The Exxaro brand is built on a strong vision — everything we do and deliver today 
will allow others to realise their vision tomorrow. We believe in the power of people 
and their ability to explore and shift boundaries, which leads to success. As such, 
our people strategies have been developed to reinforce our brand values:

•  People-powered

• 

Inspired leaders

•  Leading performance

•  Sustainable effort.

We follow a total remuneration approach. This includes guaranteed and variable 
components which play a critical role in attracting, motivating and retaining the high-
performing and talented individuals required to build a sustainable business.

One of our competitive sources of value is our people. To meet our corporate goals and 
business objectives, we believe our reward policies and objectives must:

•  Be integral to an overall human resources strategy, geared to support business 

strategies

•  Be designed to motivate and reinforce superior performance, and continually 

demonstrate the company values

•  Encourage the development of organisational and individual performance

•  Encourage the development of competencies required to meet future business 

needs

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 99

•  Be based on the premise that employees should share are the success of the 

company

•  Be designed to attract and retain high-quality individuals with the optimum mix 

of competencies

•  Be aimed at securing our people’s commitment to goals via the optimum mix of 

financial and non-financial rewards.

Training
Across Exxaro, training and development are based on a comprehensive needs 
analysis, incorporating business strategy, identified skills gaps via the performance 
management process and training matrixes, succession-planning requirements, 
employee career progress and employment equity plans.

A pilot skills audit was completed at North Block Complex to determine the gap in 
skills in the current position and, where applicable, the next higher position. A skills 
audit also started at Inyanda towards the end of 2012. The skills audit is a process for 
identifying current job and competency requirements, comparing these with what is 
needed currently and, more importantly, in future to achieve organisational goals and 
objectives.

Exxaro offers sponsored training in engineering learnerships at the Grovos training 
centre in Lephalale, as well as engineering and mining learnerships at Colliery Training 
College (CTC, where Exxaro is a shareholder) in Mpumalanga. As part of the talent 
pipeline, Exxaro also provides sponsored on-the-job training in core skills programmes 
like maintenance operators and mobile equipment operators.

Three Exxaro business units (Grootegeluk, Matla and Tshikondeni) are MQA-accredited 
training providers in selective mining and engineering disciplines. This enables our 
people to be trained in mining and engineering, declared competent and obtain their 
MQA certification inhouse. In addition, all employees are trained in world-class quality 
management measures.

One of our competitive sources of value is our people

p 100

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Learnerships
In 2012, 437 learners were receiving training and development across Exxaro at its 
own accredited training centres at Grovos and CTC.

Monthly average number of learners in training
120

100

80

60

40

20

0

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I

Literacy and numeracy
Exxaro provides all employees with qualifications below NQF level 1 the opportunity to 
become functionally literate. Less than 20% of Exxaro’s total workforce now falls into 
that category, which is important to ensure effective communication, particularly on 
safety issues.

Exxaro offers voluntary adult basic education and training (ABET) programmes at all 
commodity businesses, paid for by the company. This initiative amounted to R6 million 
in 2012 (2011: R4,4 million).

To ensure informed decisions, candidates are screened and counselled, and where 
employees complete training in their own time, an incentive scheme for each level 
completed is in place.

In 2012, 70 employees and 164 non-employees completed various ABET levels 
successfully, while 156 employees and 154 non-employees enrolled on various ABET 
levels. More than 1 200 employees have passed one or more ABET levels since the 
inception of this programme.

Exxaro has accredited ABET training centres at Grootegeluk (partnership with external 
provider), Tshikondeni and Matla. Accredited external providers are used by the other 
business units.

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 101

Functional literacy and numeracy rates

2012

2011

2010  

2009

Total staff count

8 873*

10 903*

10 510*

11 180

Employees below ABET level 3

Employees on ABET level 3

Employees above ABET level 3

1 155

501

7 217

1 177

595

9 131

1 683

511

8 316

2 236

345

8 599

*  Number of full-time employees as per 2012, 2011 and 2010 workplace skill plans

Managing work conditions
Exxaro’s approach to our people is guided by a comprehensive suite of policies that 
covers employment, labour relations, occupational health and safety, training and 
education, diversity and equal opportunity. Our aim is to provide working conditions 
that are safe and healthy, opportunities that are enriching and an environment 
conducive to performance.

We use several benchmarks to assess our standards and measure our progress. 
One of these is the Deloitte Best Company to Work For — a prestigious annual survey 
that identifies the best companies to work for across the southern African region as 
rated by their employees. Exxaro participates every two years.

In 2012, Exxaro earned a Standard of Excellence award in this survey. We are 
exceptionally proud of this achievement, given that this was a target we set for 2016, 
and achieved four years early.

This is a challenging award — the result of concerted effort to achieve a clear goal to 
continually improve our people management capabilities and is, therefore, more prized 
as a result.

We believe our people are our business. Our employees are the ones who will help 
realise our strategic vision of being a $20 billion business by 2020. We are now 
reviewing the detailed results of the survey to address gaps in the way we work, 
understanding that continual improvement is the only way to ensure we remain a great 
company to work for.

Eliminating discrimination and resolving grievances
As an employer, Exxaro is firmly committed to extending equal opportunity to all, 
irrespective of race, religion, gender, health status, sexual preference or nationality.

Our corporate values guide the way we do business, and discrimination on any grounds 
is not acceptable.

Programmes under way to eliminate discrimination, HIV awareness, training on the 
disciplinary and grievance process.

Human rights policy
Exxaro complies with labour legislation in South Africa and International Labour 
Organisation guidelines. As a signatory to the United Nations Global Compact, the 
group encourages freedom of association and collective bargaining, ensures child 
labour is not tolerated and that forced or compulsory labour is not practised.

p 102

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Induction programmes educate employees about human rights. Policies on 
discrimination, harassment and racism are in place, as are structures to protect 
employees’ human rights in the workplace. Security personnel are fully trained after 
appointment on human rights aspects relevant to each operation. Refresher courses 
also cover human rights issues.

Women in mining
In Exxaro, 17% of the workforce comprises women, and we continue to focus on 
attracting women through our talent pipelines. Although this is a challenge, 43% 
of young professionals-in-training (PITs) are women, 24% of our full-time bursars 
in engineering and mining at universities are women and 26% of the intake to 
learnerships and skills programmes comprises women. In our people development 
initiative (bridging programme), 60% of participants are women.

Housing
Exxaro’s focus on home-ownership complies with both the mining charter and our own 
business needs, and is based on a long-term housing strategy developed five years 
ago. The goal is for all employees to have the opportunity to participate in home-
ownership by 2014.

Since introducing a five-year subsidy for first-time homebuyers who are permanent 
employees in 2009 — a period characterised by the unprecedented scarcity of bank 
mortgage finance — 153 employees have benefited from this plan to make home-
ownership more affordable.

While Exxaro’s housing policy focuses on home-ownership, employees receive a 
housing or living-out allowance to assist with accommodation. The value of these 
allowances in 2012 was some R228 million.

The steady percentage rise in the number of home owners underscores the group’s 
commitment to facilitating affordable ownership. At all operations, except Tshikondeni 
due to the current life of mine, there is only one person per room in the hostels; at 
Tshikondeni some rooms have two occupants. 

Home owners (bought company property)

Hostels 

Single quarters 

Family quarters/flats

Rental and other* 

Total**

2012

606

6

1 038

740

5 418

7 808

Number of employees

2011

927

15

1 202

755

7 614

10 513

2010

948

40

1 505

8 017

10 510  

2009

929

594

1 343

8 314

11 180

2008

822

389

1 336

7 588

10 135

Includes 153 employees using Exxaro’s first-time homeowner scheme 

* 
**  Excludes Rosh Pinah, Zincor and mineral sands operations

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 103

People — towards a healthier workforce

Strategy

Risk

Opportunity

Target

Reduce the incidence of 
occupational diseases

Noise, dust, HIV/Aids, 
TB, chronic diseases 
of lifestyle

Increase the number of 
people enrolled on the 
HIV/Aids management 
programme

Early detection and 
management of TB

Implement programme to 
prevent and control chronic 
diseases of lifestyle

Mine Occupational Safety and 
Health (MOSH) initiatives aimed at 
assisting industry to meet targets 
to reduce new occupational 
diseases

Reduce noise-induced hearing 
loss (NIHL) to less than 10% 
(from baseline) per individual 
by 2013

Introduction of government-led 
HIV testing campaign aimed at 
encouraging more people to test

70% of HIV-positive people 
enrolled on management 
programme

New regimen of anti-retroviral 
treatment, making it easier 
to comply

New TB diagnostic test — enabling 
earlier confirmation and start of 
treatment

Audit of TB programme at three 
business units

Exxaro survey on chronic diseases 
identified risks

Case management of employees 
with chronic diseases

Exxaro’s vision for health and hygiene is to create a workplace that has no adverse 
health effects on our employees and affected communities. 

According to the International Labour Organization, the mining sector makes up 1% of 
the global workforce and yet it contributes 8% of fatal accidents at work. The sector 
also contributes a significant number of injuries, disabling occupational diseases such 
as pneumoconiosis and hearing loss. Occupational diseases, which often manifest after 
leaving the employer, have varied outcomes and may: 

•  Affect productivity

•  Affect quality of life

•  Lead to early retirement

•  Lead to loss of potential income

•  Decrease sense of self-worth

•  Result in loss of breadwinner for families.

According to data reported to the Department of Mineral Resources, seven times more 
occupational diseases are reported than fatalities. Therefore implementing proactive 
programmes to reduce new cases of occupational diseases is integral to creating a 
healthy workforce:

•  A healthy workforce is essential to enable Exxaro to deliver on its strategic focus 
areas employees have various opportunities to access healthcare including their 
medical aid schemes, occupational health services, HIV/Aids and tuberculosis (TB) 
programmes

•  Workplace risks that impact on the health of employees are identified and prioritised

•  Prevention programmes are implemented.

p 104

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Reported cases of occupational 
disease

 NIHL — 22

  Pneumoconiosis — 24

 COAD — 7

  TB — 66

Exxaro’s medical surveillance processes have been strengthened in recent years to 
ensure our employees remain healthy and productive. In 2012, a pilot for profiling 
occupational risk exposure was introduced and will be extended to other sites in 2013 
to standardise risk-based medical surveillance. 

Key health and hygiene indicators are reported to the executive committee monthly, 
quarterly and annually. Regular reporting enables management to more effectively 
monitor the risk identification and assessment process, comply with legislation 
and reporting requirements for listed companies, and track the implementation of 
programmes against set targets.

Highlights
•  Championed by the CEO, we rolled out an Exxaro-wide HIV disclosure initiative

•  A system to track and monitor employees with early noise-induced hearing loss is 

being piloted at certain business units and will be expanded to the rest of the group 
in 2013.

Progress
During 2012 several major health-related projects were under way, including:

•  A review of our health and hygiene programme and factors influencing the 

prevalence of occupational diseases were highlighted. In 2013 and there will be 
additional focus on early detection, investigation and follow-up of occupational 
diseases

• 

Initiated a review of our emergency medical standard

•  Conducted internal audits of our ventilation and occupational hygiene programme

•  Continued with the review and design of system requirements to support health 

processes

•  Conducted a survey on chronic diseases of lifestyle at some operations. 

The prevalence of chronic diseases and the contributing social factors were 
established (see panel)

• 

Initiated a noise-awareness campaign during deaf awareness week, with messages 
reminding employees of the importance of protecting their hearing

•  A review of the current implementation of our TB programme was initiated. This will 

continue in 2013 to ensure early detection and compliance to treatment.

Occupational diseases
Reported occupational diseases
Reported cases are those newly diagnosed and submitted to the compensation 
authorities to confirm they are work-related and eligible for compensation as per the 
Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act (COIDA) and Occupational 
Diseases in Mines and Works Act (ODMWA).

In 2012, Exxaro reported 119 occupational diseases compared to 102 in 2011. Over 50% 
are TB (66). We reported cases of pneumoconiosis (24), chronic obstructive airways 
diseases (COAD) (7) and NIHL (22).

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 105

Accepted occupational diseases
These are cases where it can be demonstrated that the condition is work related and 
are thus accepted for compensation. In 2012, Exxaro had 40 occupational disease 
cases accepted for compensation: pneumoconiosis (6), occupational TB (33), NIHL (1)
and chronic obstructive airway disease (1). There were no cases of silicosis.

Accepted occupational diseases

s
e
s
a
c

f
o
r
e
b
m
u
N

35

30

25

20

5

0

NIHL

Pneumoconiosis

COAD

Occupational TB

Dermatitis

2009

2010

2011

2012

Mining sector targets on noise and silicosis
In 2003, the mining sector set targets to eliminate silicosis and noise-induced hearing 
loss:

Noise
•  Reduce NIHL to less than 10% per individual by 2008
•  Reduce noise from equipment to under 110dB(A) by 2013.

Silicosis
•  By December 2008, 95% of all exposure measurement results <0,1mg/m3 for 

respirable crystalline silica
•  Eliminate silicosis by 2013.

Current status (2012)
In 2012, Exxaro has:
•  No cases of silicosis
•  22 cases of employees with hearing loss were submitted to Rand Mutual Assurance 
(RMA) and two have been rejected and one accepted. We await feedback on the 
balance. 

Continued implementation of the hearing conservation and dust-control 
programmes is essential to reduce the number of new occupational diseases.

 
 
p 106

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Chronic diseases of lifestyle
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 40% of deaths from non-
communicable diseases occur in low- and medium-income countries. The impact on 
families with a member who has had a heart attack or stroke is the disproportionate 
spending on medical costs, as well as loss of income, driving the family to poverty.

Experts predict that by 2030 the 10 leading causes of disease will no longer include 
infectious diseases and maternal and child health conditions but rather diabetes, heart 
disease and stroke, mental health conditions and respiratory infections.

Poor nutrition during pregnancy and in the first two years of life are predisposing 
factors to develop chronic vascular diseases (heart attacks and strokes) and diabetes 
later in life. As such, the prevention and control of chronic disease of lifestyle is 
important to preserve health gains made over the last century.

In the mining industry, possible injuries as a result of side effects of treatment or 
complications from the condition could, in certain circumstances, be fatal. Controlling 
and managing chronic diseases is a proactive measure aimed at reducing deaths and 
ill health.

Risk factors for chronic diseases of lifestyle

Tobacco use

Cardiovascular
disease

Harmful use
of alcohol

Diabetes

Chronic
respiratory
disease

Physical 
inactivity

Cancers

Unhealthy diets

Diagram taken from WHO: Global study for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 107

Exxaro survey of chronic diseases of lifestyle
While legislation provides for employers to manage and report occupational 
diseases, chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDL) also have a major impact on the 
health of employees and may affect the fitness to perform work. In the sample 
of Exxaro employees surveyed:
•  36% who have CDL have a history of smoking
•  66% of smokers have hypertension
•  75% of those with hypertension were obese
•  17% of those with diabetes were obese.

This information will be used to integrate the prevention and control of chronic 
diseases in workplace health programmes. A standardised approach on collecting 
information on chronic diseases will be implemented to ensure information on 
chronic diseases is captured. This will be supported by case management and 
monitoring the progress of individuals with chronic diseases.

HIV/Aids and TB
Although the prevalence of HIV/Aids across Exxaro is currently estimated at 13%, 

compared to 25% across the industry, we continue to concentrate on educating our 

people about this pandemic, with encouraging results. With appropriate counselling 

and support, 91% of our workforce (excluding contractors) voluntarily tested between 

2010 and 2012, and the numbers enrolling on treatment programmes are rising 

steadily.

As part of our commitment to an HIV-free future, during the year Exxaro launched 

an initiative to encourage employees to disclose their HIV/Aids status. The reason 

was that, despite resources provided by the company, not enough employees were 

benefiting from the HIV/Aids programme. Following the launch of this initiative in 

June 2012, there was a marked increase in the number of people enrolling on the 

HIV/Aids management programme. The decrease in the number of enrolled people 

observed in 2011 was due to the separation with our zinc business which had two 

business units.

During 2012, 3 616 employees under went voluntary counselling and testing (VCT).

Exxaro is making headway in its fight against the spread of HIV/Aids. Since January 2010:

•  8 747 people have attended HIV training

•  8 092 (92%) were counselled

•  7 948 (91%) were tested and 7 646 (87%) know their status

•  2 666 had never tested before (or not in the prior two years)

•  1 054 tested HIV positive; and 428 (41%) were testing for the first time

•  6 894 tested HIV negative

•  98 people are on anti-retroviral treatment.

p 108

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Dealing with stigma
In June 2012, a disclosure initiative was launched by Exxaro’s CEO, who emphasised 
that discriminating against HIV-positive employees is not acceptable. Most business 
units have rolled out this initiative, with some encouraging signs in the second half 
of 2012:
•  An increase in the number of employees openly living with HIV (from two to five 

individuals)

•  Over 130 employees enrolled onto the HIV management programme (from 322 to 

454). In addition, we started training line managers in the required skills to support 
employees who disclose their status. This will be rolled out further in 2013.

Community HIV programme
After initiating community HIV programmes in areas surrounding six operations 
(in Mpumalanga) in 2010 and 2011, these programmes were established at another 
three business units in Limpopo in the review period. A total of 164 community peer 
educators have been trained as part of our HIV community awareness programme.

Tuberculosis
According to the World Health Organisation, in 2010, almost nine million people fell ill 
with TB globally and 1,4 million died as a result, making this one of the most prevalent 
of diseases and the biggest killer. Compounding the issue, people with compromised 
immune systems have a much higher risk of falling ill. The HIV/Aids prevalence rate in 
South Africa makes managing TB a particular challenge. Early diagnosis and proper 
treatment is key to tackling a disease that has reached crisis proportions in our 
country.

Exxaro’s TB rates (per 100 000) remain similar to the general population. In 2012 we 
concentrated on reviewing the implementation of our TB management standard at 
three sites. In 2013, we will continue these reviews and implement corrective actions 
where required.

Tuberculosis infection rates

1 200

960

720

480

240

0

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Number of cases

Rate per 100 000 people

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 109

Employee wellness
An employee assistance programme provides access to an external counselling service 
to ensure support for any of our people facing difficulties. This is a preventive measure 
that helps employees take the necessary steps to manage personal concerns, and 
assists management in minimising productivity issues.

The overall objective is early identification, referral and resolution of personal and 
work-related problems before they affect job performance and productivity. To achieve 
this, managers, supervisors and various role players are trained to recognise and deal 
with personal issues that may affect a staff member’s work performance and provide 
guidance on how to use the employee assistance programme as a management tool.

During the year, an increasing number of our people used this service for:

•  Financial problems

•  Personal and emotional difficulties

•  Family matters

•  Work-related challenges

•  Dependency on substances.

Programmes are in place at all business units to manage social, psychological 
and mental health challenges, both reactively and proactively. Exxaro also has a 
programme focusing on executive wellness. This consists of a holistic assessment 
as well as general support to the executive team.

Most business units again arranged wellness days in 2012. Service providers conduct 
different health-screening tests and advise participants on lifestyle issues. These 
days are open to employees, family members and the broader community. Although 
participation is voluntary, attendance is very good and contributes to the effectiveness 
of our wellness programme.

Wellness programmes empower employees to manage their own wellbeing by raising 
awareness and disseminating information through work-site posters, booklets, an 
annual wellness calendar, and wellness days at business units that include health 
screenings.

p 110

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Remuneration report
In 2012 Hay Group and 21st Century were engaged to benchmark Exxaro’s remuneration 
practices against best practice and governance requirements. A number of 
recommendations have been implemented, and this process will continue.

Philosophy
The Exxaro brand is built on a strong vision — everything we do and deliver today 
will allow others to realise their vision tomorrow. We believe in the power of people 
and their ability to explore and shift boundaries, which leads to success. As such, our 
people strategies have been developed to reinforce our brand values:

•  People-powered

• 

Inspired leaders

•  Leading performance

•  Sustainable effort.

The remuneration and nomination committee (Remco) sets and monitors 
non-executive and executive remuneration for the company. This committee is 
responsible for making recommendations to the board on remuneration policies and 
practices for executive directors, non-executive directors, senior management and all 
other employees.

The committee comprises five non-executive directors of which the majority is 
independent. The CEO, finance director (FD) and executive head: human resources are 
invited to attend any meeting, but do not have any voting rights. For full details on the 
committee, refer to the governance review on page 214.

At the annual general meeting on 24 May 2013, shareholders will be requested to 
approve the remuneration policy outlined in this report as a non-binding advisory vote 
and authorise the board of directors to undertake the necessary steps to implement 
this policy. Resolutions for consideration are included in the notice of meeting on 
page 332.

Benchmarking
External remuneration benchmarking for executives, non-executives, managers and 
other personnel positions is done continuously, with external comparisons reported 
to Remco every six months.

The salary benchmark used for median performance of our management and specialist 
category staff is the 50th percentile (median) of the market’s guaranteed remuneration 
values. Exxaro allows for a 30% differentiation from median market values, depending 
on the performance rating of the individual.

Policy
A total remuneration approach has been adopted, which includes guaranteed and 
variable components, to attract, motivate and retain the calibre of individuals required 
to achieve Exxaro’s objectives.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 111

Exxaro remuneration: Overview

Management and specialist category employees

Remuneration elements

Executive 
management

Senior 
management

Middle 
management

Junior 
management

F band

E band

DU and DM 
band

CU and DL 
band

Annual adjustments based on:

Notional cost of 
employment or 
basic salary

•  Performance

•  External market

• 

Internal parity

•  Affordability

Bargaining category 
employees

A-CM band

Annual adjustments 
based on:

•  Wage negotiations

•  Mandate on 
affordability

Guaranteed 
remuneration

Benefits

•  Retirement fund: employer and employee contributions

•  Medical aid: employer and employee contributions

•  Housing: company housing or allowances/subsidies applicable to specific 

business unit

Circumstantial 
remuneration

•  Job-specific 

•  Skills scarcity 

Short-term 
incentives

Special performance: 

•   Individual performance base

Not applicable

•   Business unit stretch budget achievement

Second and third tier above target improvement incentives:

•   Capped at 30% of Exxaro’s above-budget improvement

Variable 
remuneration

Long-term 
incentives

•  Annually set stretched targets

Deferred bonus plan (EM as 
from 1 March 2013, previously 
from EU and above)

•   Share match

Long-term incentive scheme (DM and above)

•   Performance conditions

Share appreciation right scheme (being 
phased out, no new allocations since 
1 April 1202)

•   Performance conditions

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

On 22 May 2012, shareholders approved 
a new five-year employee share option 
scheme (Mpower 2012) effective from 
1 July 2012 until 31 May 2017

p 112

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Guaranteed remuneration
Management and specialist category
Employees in the management and specialist category, including executives, are 
remunerated on a total-package approach. Guaranteed remuneration adjustments 
to employees are based on the following fundamental principles:

•  Remuneration is based on performance through individual performance contracting 

and assessment

•  External competitiveness: the market median for median performance per 
job family, per level as reference point is used to determine remuneration 
competitiveness

• 

Internal equity: same job — same performance — same pay (except circumstantial)

•  Affordability: all salary account-related mandates are first included in the Exxaro 

financial forecasting model to determine affordability.

Non-management category
Employees in the non-management category are remunerated on a traditional menu 
package comprising basic salary, housing allowance, other site-specific allowances as 
well as employer contributions to retirement and medical funds. Annual adjustments 
are usually determined through wage negotiations where applicable.

Benefits
Contributions to retirement funds and medical aids are made by both employees and 
employers.

Retirement funds
Retirement fund contributions are made according to the specific conditions of 
employment and fund rules for the different levels and categories of employees. 
Employer and employee contributions to this fund are reflected in note 36 of the 
annual financial statements.

All employees belong to one of the following retirement funds:

Fund description

Sentinel Funds

Mine Employees Pension Funds

Exxaro Selector Funds 

Iscor Employees Umbrella Provident Fund

Mine Workers Provident Funds

Employee %
contribution range

Employer % 
contribution range

Total %
contribution range

7,50 – 13,20

7,50 – 10,70

7,00 – 8,00

7,00 – 8,00

7,50 – 10,70

12,50 – 20,52

12,50 – 15,00

10,00 – 15,00

10,00 – 15,00

12,50 – 15,00

20,00 – 28,02

20,00 – 24,65

17,00 – 22,00

17,00 – 22,00

20,00 – 24,65

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 113

Exxaro-accredited retirement funds are defined contribution funds.

Any actuarially valued defined benefit fund obligation disclosed in the annual financial 
statements merely recognises past practice with no new entrants allowed. 

Medical benefit funds
Employees may annually elect to belong to any of the following medical schemes:

Business unit

Fund names

Exxaro Coal 
Mpumalanga

Bonitas
Discovery
Sizwe
WCMAS (ring 
fenced)

Zincor

Discovery
Sizwe

Exxaro other (including 
all management and 
specialist category of 
employees)

Bonitas
Discovery
Sizwe
Umvuzo

Employee contributions 50%

Employer contributions

50%

50%

50%

40%

60% capped

Exxaro does not provide any post-retirement medical benefits. The post-retirement 
benefit obligation disclosed in the annual financial statements merely recognises past 
practice that was discontinued with the creation of Exxaro in November 2006.

Contributions to medical funds, charged against income, are also reflected in note 36 of 
the annual financial statements.

Short-term incentives
Exxaro strives to create a culture of powering possibilities, based on the belief that 
people can make the difference and are a major resource in delivering sterling 
business results. Incentive schemes are focused on the strategic objectives of the 
organisation. 

The following schemes — based on individual, business unit, and commodity and group-
level performance — are in place:

• 

Individual performance reward

•  A three-tier performance incentive:

—  On-target business unit incentive

—  Commodity business improvement incentive

—  Group improvement incentive.

p 114

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Individual performance reward
This scheme applies to employees in the middle, senior and executive management 
categories.

A short-term incentive scheme focused on the individual is used to augment the 
performance management process and retention strategy.

The basis for paying this incentive rests on achieving specific agreed individual 
targets.

The three-tier performance incentive
The three-tier performance incentive was created to reinforce a performance culture 
and applies to all full-time employees.

First tier 
The first tier is a line-of-sight incentive based on achieving the business unit’s net 
operating profit target and is currently equal to 8,33% of annual gross remuneration 
for all full-time employees of every business unit, commodity, services and corporate 
office department.

Second tier
The second tier is based on exceeding the commodity business unit budgeted 
consolidated net operating profit.

Third tier
The third tier is based on exceeding the budgeted consolidated group net operating 
profit target.

Long-term incentives
Exxaro makes general share offers to participants once a year under the following 
approved schemes: 

•  Exxaro share appreciation right scheme (SAR) (This scheme is being phased out and 

no new allocations have been made since 1 April 2012)

•  Exxaro long-term incentive plan (LTIP)

•  Deferred bonus plan (DBP).

The table summarises Exxaro’s long-term incentives and details of awards granted and 
cancelled between 31 December 2011 and 31 December 2012.

Eligibility 
(employee 
Paterson band)

Date
implemented

Rights/
shares on
 31 Dec 2011

Maximum
 award per
 individual

Plan

Performance 
condition

Vesting
 period

Grants 
in 2012

Total
 grants from
 inception
 to 
31 Dec 2012

Grants
 cancelled 
in 2012

Share 
appreciation 
rights

DM — FU 
employee 
Paterson band

Long-term 
incentive plan

Deferred 
bonus plan

DM — FU 
employee 
Paterson band

EU — FU 
employee 
Paterson band

*   Headline earnings per share
**  Total shareholder return
***  Return on capital employed

01/03/2007

7 347 556

229 902 HEPS* 

3 years

175 177

256 187

5 562 816

01/03/2007

1 478 880

152 515 50% TSR**   

3 years 2 022 702

144 148

2 649 562

31/08/2007

108 500

50 % ROCE*** 

15 190 Reached short-
term incentive 
goal in order 
to qualify for 
a value to be 
matched

3 years

25 390

1 298

80 724

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 115

Share appreciation right scheme
Participants are awarded a conditional right to receive shares equal to the value of the 
difference between the share price at the time the rights were granted and the share 
price when the rights are exercised (should the share appreciate in value). This scheme 
is being phased out and no new allocations have been made since 1 April 2012.

Grant limits

Vesting period

Employees on Paterson band DM — FU

Three years. If the performance condition is met, share appreciation rights vest and 
participants have to exercise their right within seven years from the date of original offer

Performance conditions

Headline earnings per share (HEPS) set by Remco

Other

SAR not exercised within a period of seven years lapse

Long-term incentive plan (LTIP)
The LTIP provides for the delivery of conditional awards in shares after three years from the date of grant provided certain 
conditions are met.

Grant limits

Vesting period

Employees on Paterson DM — FU

Three years, subject to achieving performance conditions over a three-year performance 
period.

Performance conditions

Equally weighted between return on capital employed (ROCE) and total shareholder 
return (TSR).

•  ROCE: Minimum and maximum ROCE targets are set annually. The ROCE portion of the 
award will vest linearly between 0% for achieving the minimum ROCE target and 100% 
for achieving or exceeding the maximum ROCE target. Accordingly, if Exxaro achieves 
a ROCE target that is lower than the maximum target, but higher than the minimum 
target, only a portion of the awards will vest.

•  TSR: Annually a peer group of companies is selected to compare TSR. The TSR portion 
of the award vests linearly between 0% for a TSR equal to the minimum TSR of the 
peer group and 100% for a TSR equal to the maximum TSR of the peer group. Thus, 
if Exxaro achieves a TSR target that is lower than the maximum target, but higher than 
the minimum target, only a portion of the awards will vest.

Our peer group consists of Exxaro’s direct and indirect competitors, namely: Yanzhou 
Coal Mining Company Limited, African Rainbow Minerals Limited, Sasol Limited, 
Lonmin plc, Xstrata Limited, OZ Minerals Limited, Aquarius Platinum Limited, PPC 
Limited, Shenhua Group Corporation Limited, Arch Coal Incorporated, Gold Fields 
Limited, Iluka Resources Limited, Impala Platinum Holdings Limited, Boliden Limited, 
Tech Cominco Limited and Anglo American plc.

Peer group for TSR evaluation

Other

•  TSR performance is measured by PwC to confirm achievement of target and ROCE 

achievement is audited by the internal auditors.

•  Participants receive a payment settled in equity on vesting.

p 116

HUMAN CAPITAL 

Deferred bonus plan
On receipt of a short-term incentive and special performance reward payments, 
participants are able to use part of their after-tax bonus to acquire shares (pledged 
shares) in Exxaro with a matching award on the vesting date.

Grant limits

Employees on Paterson EU and above

Vesting period

Three years

Performance conditions In order to qualify for the deferred bonus plan, qualifying 
employees must have achieved their short-term incentive 
goal of which a portion (50% in respect of EM, 90% in 
respect of EU and above) can then be utilised towards 
this scheme.

Retention conditions

•  Shares will be matched at the end of the three-year period.

Other

• 

If the pledged shares are held for the pledge period of 
three years and participants remain employed by the 
company for that period, the company will provide a 
matching award of free shares (matching shares).

Pledged shares are held in escrow until the vesting date, 
but participants receive full dividends and may dispose of 
the shares, thereby sacrificing the commensurate portion 
of future matching shares.

Mpower 2012 (Exxaro employee share option scheme)
The Mpower 2012 scheme was implemented on 1 July 2012, and will run for a five-year 
period until 31 May 2017. Only employees on Paterson D2 band and lower qualify to 
participate. Employer companies in the Exxaro group made capital contributions 
of R75 000 for each qualifying employee to enable the share subscription. Each 
qualifying employee on 1 July 2012 received 387 shares. Employees who join 
later will receive a pro-rated number of shares. On 31 December 2012, there were 
7 290 beneficiaries participating in the scheme.

In addition, in October 2012, Mpower 2012 paid R9 686 334 in dividends to 
beneficiaries of the scheme.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 117

Remuneration of executive directors, non-executive directors and 
prescribed officers

Directors
Information on the remuneration of executive directors and non-executive directors 
appears in the directors’ and prescribed officers’ remuneration report on page 257.

The guaranteed versus variable remuneration of the executive directors (CEO and FD) 
are roughly split at 70% variable and 30% guaranteed.

Prescribed officers
Recommended practice, in line with King III (2.26.2), is to disclose the salaries of the 
three most highly paid employees who are not directors. In Exxaro, these individuals 
are also prescribed officers, as defined in the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, as 
amended, and hence full disclosure of the remuneration of all prescribed officers 
appears in the directors’ report on page 257.

RP Mohring
Chairman: Remuneration and nomination committee

08

natural 
capital

Measurements are done to ensure compliance to the Environmental Management Plan of the mine

p 120

Exxaro’s green timeline

• 

• 

• 

2012
• 

 Carbon footprint 
significantly reduced
 Cennergi is preferred 
bidder on two wind energy 
projects totalling 234MW — 
the Amakhala Emoyeni and 
Tsitsikamma wind farms

2011
• 

 Launched biodiversity, 
waste and air programme
 Formed stand-alone energy 
company, Cennergi, with 
international energy 
partner
 R107 million spent on 
developing cleaner energy 
initiatives — a combination 
of co-generation, carbon 
credit trading, renewable 
energy, biodiesel, coal-bed 
methane development and 
coal base-load projects

2010
• 

 Major water management 
programme introduced
 Developing renewable 
energy projects

• 

2009
Comprehensive response 
developed to energy, 
carbon and climate change 
management

2008
• 

 Energy efficiency task team 
established, voluntary 
champions at each business unit
 Sponsors Unisa chair in 
business and climate change for 
three years

• 

NATURAL CAPITAL

Environment — investing in our natural world
Sustainable development issues are central to Exxaro’s business, none more so 
than the use of natural resources like water, air, biodiversity and land. Using these 
responsibly means:

•  Ensuring all activities are properly authorised

•  Using energy and water as efficiently as possible

•  Ensuring activities are conducted responsibly from the twin perspectives of 

compliance and natural resource use.

Accordingly, Exxaro focuses on conserving natural resources and reducing the burden 
of pollutants on the environment by:

•  Minimising the use of natural resources

•  Complying with all statutory environmental requirements as a minimum

•  Actively participating in all non-statutory environmental compliance requirements 

such as the global carbon and water disclosure projects, among others

•  Developing innovative policies and programmes for addressing environmental 

impacts and use of natural resources.

All Exxaro’s South African operations have environmental management programmes 
(EMPs) as required under the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development 
Act (MPRDA) and the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA). All EMPs 
are key indicators in ensuring Exxaro remains a sustainable business. Eleven 
amendments were made to EMPs during 2012. Exxaro also adopts the precautionary 
principle entrenched in NEMA in evaluating the environmental impacts of business 
opportunities. All South African operations have submitted applications for integrated 
water use licences, with 21 of 24 granted to date. In the outstanding areas, Exxaro’s 
water use is permitted under the old water act. Grootegeluk, char and GMEP share one 
integrated water use licence.

In recent years, we have developed comprehensive group standards to enhance 
implementation of legal requirements and the sustainable use of natural resources. 
These include management standards for air quality, water, energy, rehabilitation 
and mine closure, and environmental incident management and reporting.

We believe conservation is becoming increasingly important, given the enormous value 
of biodiversity and tourism to the South African economy. Accordingly, we intend to 
be a mining company that leads by example in protecting, enhancing and conserving 
the country’s biodiversity and demonstrating that mining activities can co-exist with 
world-class biodiversity conservation initiatives. That way, we ensure the right of 
future generations to a healthy, complete and rich environment. Various conservation 
measures are being implemented that underscore Exxaro’s commitment to entrench 
duty-of-care principles.

2007
Carbon emissions reported 
for the first time (19 million 
tonnes of CO2e)

2006
Exxaro adopts Energy 
Efficiency Accord

Highlights

•  Significant reduction in carbon footprint

•  Cennergi selected as preferred bidder in two wind energy projects in the 

Eastern Cape:

—  Amakhala Emoyeni wind farm near Bedford (140MW)

—  Tsitsikamma Community wind farm in Mfengu community land (95MW)

•  Cennergi received the SAWEA industry award for its contribution to South Africa’s 

Most of these have at least a 12-month cycle

wind industry.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 121

Focus areas

After a strategic review of key environmental risks from Exxaro’s operations, the 
following challenges were identified:

•  Air quality management

•  Water quality management, security of supply (page 131)

•  Hazardous waste management (page 151)

•  Biodiversity management (page 136)

•  Ongoing rehabilitation (page 148)

•  Cost of, and provision for, environmental liabilities

•  Lead time for securing environmental authorisations

• 

Increasing statutory and non-statutory environmental requirements.

Air quality
As a mining group, air quality is a material risk to Exxaro on several levels, particularly 
dust and other criteria pollutants (eg PM10 and PM2,5) from opencast operations. 
Accordingly, we focus on:

•  Minimising impact on the receiving environment

•  Full legislative compliance

•  Air quality management planning

•  Risk management

•  Monitoring, measurement and reporting.

Progress on implementing new management standard

Objectives

Fully-compliant, 
sustainable 
air quality 
management 
system, 
managed and 
controlled 
by trained 
specialists at 
business units

Ensure 
Exxaro’s 
air quality 
framework 
enables 
sustainable 
business 
growth

Critical 
success 
factors

Key outputs

Progress

What

When

Integrated 
air quality 
management 
planning in core 
operational 
processes

Baseline 
air quality 
assessments

Optimise 
air quality 
monitoring 
programme

Third quarter 
2012

Third quarter 
2012

Develop 
air quality 
management 
plans

Performance 
review

First quarter 
2013

Third quarter 
2013

Baseline 
assessments 
under way 
in business 
units as part 
of air quality 
management

Air quality 
management 
plans are 
available 
for some 
business 
units. Work in 
progress for 
balance

p 122

NATURAL CAPITAL

Exxaro’s long- and short-
term goals for air quality 
management will include:

• 

Initiating smaller particulate 
matter (PM10 and PM2,5) 
monitoring at some business 
units, particularly those close 
to sensitive receptor areas 
by 2016

•  Redesigning dust fallout and 
PM10 monitoring networks 
in our business units, in line 
with mining schedules by 
2015. This will ensure fair 
representation and accuracy 
of monitored data

•  Meteorological monitoring to 
ensure availability of surface 
data for temperature, wind 
direction, wind speed, etc by 
2016. This data will be used for 
dispersion modelling, baseline 
characterisation, dust fallout 
monitoring and reporting, etc
 Ensuring compliance to 
air quality standards and 
guidelines in the country 
by 2015

• 

Aligned to the 2007 national framework, currently under review, Exxaro’s air quality 
management framework helps business units identify, quantify and determine the 
impacts of emissions, manage compliance and aim for continuous improvement.

In applying this framework across our operations, particularly the emission inventory 
process, most of our ambient pollution impacts relate to emissions of particulate 
matter or dust deposition from mining activities. For the review period, Exxaro 
also operated smelting operations in its mineral sands and base metals commodity 
businesses, which are classifi ed as listed activities (National Environmental 
Management: Air Quality Act, No. 39 of 2004). Emissions from smelters are regulated 
by an atmosphere emission licence issued by licensing offi cers of the metropolitan 
municipality, district municipality or provincial environmental departments.

Emissions from mining operations
Exxaro addresses the challenges of dust-generating activities (blasting, drilling, 
crushing and screening, vehicle entrainment, materials handling and wind erosion 
of exposed operational areas) through daily environmental management measures. 
These include applying dust-suppressant agents on haul roads, applying water to 
secondary unpaved operational roads, vegetating topsoil stockpiles and overburden 
material.

All mining operations monitor daily dust fallout rates and results are assessed against 
South African national standards (SANS 1929:2005: Limits for common pollutants).

Although Exxaro’s operations are classifi ed under industrial targets, according to 
SANS limits, some operations are close to residential areas. As such, we track our 
compliance against the more stringent residential limit (600mg/m2/day) instead of the 
industrial limit (1 200mg/m2/day) to minimise the impact on residents.

We are concentrating on improving our mitigation measures for operational activities 
that contribute signifi cantly to dustfall. This will ensure fallout dust is reduced to the 
SANS residential limit.

Comparing Exxaro’s dust fallout rate against the regulated industrial limit, our 
averaged coal operations exceeded the limit for three months in 2012.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 123

Results from Exxaro’s monitoring points

Commodity

Coal

Long-term 
target

300mg/m2/day

Average monthly 
fallout rate

2012

480

2011

393

Compliance 
target (not to 
be exceeded 
three times 
or two 
consecutive 
months)

Number of points 
monitored with 
single bucket

Industrial standard – months 
exceeded**

Residential standard – months 
exceeded

1 200mg/m2/day 
(single monitoring)*

600mg/m2/day 
(single bucket monitoring)*

Average per 
operation

Worst-performing 
operation

Average per 
operation

Worst-performing 
operation

Commodity

Coal

600mg/
m2/day

2012

2011

2012

2011

2012

2011

2012

2011

2012

2011

73

65

2

1

7

3

3

5

11

8

*  Table excludes Leeuwpan and Inyanda which both use a different four-bucket monitoring system for dust fallout
**   Dust fallout becomes a level 2 environmental incident if: the number of reportable environmental incidents with reversible on-site and immediate 

surrounding impacts will involve more than 48 hours clean-up activities and a negative impact on shareholder value of R50 000 to R500 000 worth 
of damage has defi nitely occurred

Fallout dust analysis
Compliance to industrial 

Compliance to residential

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

Matla

Arnot

Tshikondeni

Grootegeluk

Arnot

NBC

Grootegeluk

NCC

*  Only single dust bucket results considered for compliance assessment purposes

 
p 124

NATURAL CAPITAL

Environmental accreditation
All Exxaro’s business units have ISO 14001 accreditation, reflecting the global industry 
standards in place to minimise environmental impacts.

Legal compliance
South African mining companies are heavily regulated — and receiving, converting 
and retaining their mining licences centres on compliance. To ensure we continue to 
at least meet legal requirements, compliance across Exxaro is monitored by two board-
mandated entities: the sustainability, risk and compliance committee as well as the 
social and ethics committee.

Running all our operations with approved EMPs or environmental management plans is 
fundamental to our sustainability and legal compliance. Some EMPs are being updated 
to align to the MPRDA and to include new developments, for example Medupi conveyor 
and Medupi warehouse.

Significant fines and directives received during the year included:

•  North Block Complex: Glisa’s above-ground diesel tank was authorised after being 

fined for non-compliance in February 2011.

•  Grootegeluk was instructed to clean up its industrial waste. An action plan was 
prepared and submitted to DMR, followed by a progress report with evidence. 
The plan was approved by DMR.

•  Leeuwpan received notices from DWA for mining activities close to a wetland area 

and constructing a river crossing. Exxaro responded to these notices promptly and, 
in December 2012, the High Court suspended them. See governance report for more 
detail.

•  North Block Complex’s Glisa received a directive from DWA’s compliance monitoring 

and enforcement section for not having a water use licence even though many 
of Glisa’s activities were authorised under the old water act. The directive was 
suspended in the High Court.

• 

In April 2012, a directive was issued by the Mpumalanga DMR requesting Exxaro 
and other mines to provide information on rehabilitation activities and water 
management. After discussions with the DMR to clarify exact requirements, 
the mining companies responded to these directives, outlining environmental 
management practices implemented by various mines.

•  Tshikondeni received a notice from the DWA Limpopo on water licence compliance 

gaps. An action plan addressing these gaps was submitted to the department.

Incident reporting
Exxaro’s standardised reporting system ensures all business units manage incidents 
effectively, leading to a safer and more sustainable work environment. In 2012, 
11 level 2 incidents occurred and were reported to the relevant authorities. Corrective 
actions to remedy the incidents and prevent recurrence were approved by authorities 
prior to implementation. There were no significant (level 3) incidents in 2012.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 125

Environmental incidents — group

           Level 1

         Level 2

         Level 3

Commodity business 

2012

2011

2012

2011

Exxaro coal 
Arnot 
Char plant 
Durnacol 
Grootegeluk 
Hlobane 
Inyanda 
Leeuwpan 
Matla 
New Clydesdale Colliery 
North Block Complex 
Tshikondeni 
Mineral sands*
KZN Sands 
Namakwa Sands 
Base metals and industrial minerals 
Rosh Pinah 
Corporate office 
AlloyStream 
FerroAlloys 
R&D 

Total 

Level 1: Minor impact and/or non-compliance
Level 2: Intermediate impact and/or non-compliance
Level 3: Major impact and/or non-compliance
* Mineral sands only to June 2012

357
55
4
–
129
–
17
73
32
46
–
1
54
–
54
–
–
–
–
–
–

411

323
–
–
–
103
–
18
25
101
76
–
–
280
113
167
–
–
–
–
–
–

603

6
–
–
–
2
–
2
–
–
–
–
2
5
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

11

19
–
–
–
–
–
13
1
–
1
4
–
9
8
1
–
–
–
–
–
–

28

2012

None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None

None

2011

None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None

None

p 126

NATURAL CAPITAL

Environmental incidents — level 2 detail

Business unit

Description

Receiving environment

Response

KZN Sands

Overspray from mining activities

Nearby manufacturing 
facility

Affected building cleaned and 
repainted

KZN Sands

Inyanda

KZN Sands

Inyanda

Baghouse 10 stack exceeded 
permit requirements

Air pollution

Bags replaced with better-quality 
items

One dust bucket exceeded 
air quality standard of  
1 200mg/m2/day 

Air pollution

Dust suppression measures

Smelter underflow spilled to 
Hillendale Mine

Road, no damage to 
private property

Road cleaned and tankers repaired 
to higher specifications

Blackhill station 2 (all buckets) 
and station 5 (East bucket) 
exceeded air quality standard 
of 1 200mg/m2/day 

Air pollution

Dust suppression measures

KZN Sands

Overflow of subsurface drainage

uMhlatuze River

Infrastructure improved, pump 
repaired and water samples 
analysed

KZN Sands

Smelter underflow spillage 
en route

Road, no damage to 
private property

Road cleaned and tankers repaired 
to higher specifications

Tshikondeni 

Fire in scrap area

Air pollution

Grootegeluk 

Oil spill

Plant area

Tshikondeni 

Water flowing into mini-pits

Potential groundwater 
pollution

Grootegeluk 

Water overflowing

Veld at nearby dam

Burned material disposed of as 
hazardous waste, contractor 
employee retrained

Affected area and water 
professionally cleaned

Spill cleaned, employees trained

Necessary equipment modifications 
effected

Climate change
Because energy and climate challenges are broad and potential solutions complex, 
Exxaro is addressing three imperatives simultaneously: energy security, economic 
productivity and environmental impact.

To remain competitive and sustainable, we are dealing with potential energy 
shortages, rising costs of energy, climate change and related environmental concerns 
as imperatives in our long-term business strategy, using a dual approach:

•  An energy and carbon management programme is addressing mitigation and 

adaptation issues

•  We are evaluating and developing a growth pipeline of environmentally friendly 

energy projects

These programmes are linked by our drive to become carbon neutral and the need 
to thrive in a low-carbon economy.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 127

Risks and opportunities of climate change
Three years ago, we commissioned an independent physical climate-risk assessment 
of Exxaro’s operations in southern Africa. This study highlighted key risks from climate 
change as floods, droughts, heat, disrupted transport infrastructure and increased 
vulnerability of local communities and workforces. The possible implications are 
outlined below:

•  Mine-specific risks such as physical impacts from weather damage and risks to 

health and safety (including availability of trains, slimes dam-handling capacity, 
evaporation, etc)

•  Flooding — infrastructure damage leading to production losses; flooded pits and 

dams contaminating clean water and breaching operating licence conditions; and 
deterioration of product quality

•  Fatigue — from heat, humidity and dehydration leading to more accidents, in addition 

to skills retention and talent management in an unattractive environment

•  Community-specific risks such as water scarcity, disease, loss of infrastructure, 

and impact on nearby agricultural communities

•  Drought-concerns around water scarcity and increased cost of water for the whole 
region as well as higher cost of land management — fauna, flora and rehabilitation, 
increased fire hazards and greater demand for dust suppression

•  Group risks — not continuing to achieve the targets and deliverables set out in the 

carbon management programme

•  Carbon pricing and regulatory developments, such as carbon taxation especially for 

energy-intensive sectors.

These risks, and related opportunities, were integrated into a climate change position 
statement that requires an internal and external approach to achieving our goal of 
being a clean (carbon-neutral) company. In the short term, our goal was to improve 
energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions each by 10% by the end of 2012. 
We partially achieved both targets.

As part of this strategy, we have established a stand-alone energy supply company, 
Cennergi, to feed the national grid and third-party customers. In a joint venture with 
Tata Power of India, Cennergi will focus on greener power production to contribute 
to lowering carbon emissions and position South Africa as proactively driving 
sustainability.

Carbon footprint
Exxaro’s data management and reporting continues to mature. In 2012, the carbon 
database was migrated to the main systems platform as the accepted base for 
reporting on carbon disclosure and carbon footprint statistics.

Exxaro is focused on reducing its carbon footprint and, in 2010, committed to an 
absolute emissions reduction of 10% by 31 December 2012. By the end of the review 
period, we had achieved this target. In 2013, we have implemented a new target, 
premised on improving overall energy efficiency across the group, which is expected to 
yield further emissions reductions of around 5% by the end of 2013. Scope 3 emissions 
are reported for the first time in the current financial year.

p 128

NATURAL CAPITAL

Defi nitions

•  Scope 1 emissions are direct 
greenhouse gases (GHG), 
measured in carbon dioxide 
equivalent tons (t CO2e) 
of emissions from sources 
owned or controlled by the 
company, eg emissions 
from diesel, petrol, gas and 
anthracite combusted in daily 
mining operations

•  Scope 2 accounts for GHG 
emissions from electricity 
bought from Eskom

•  Scope 3 emissions are 

defi ned as being outside 
Exxaro’s control but 
occurring as a result of 
our products or activities, 
ie from the sale of coal, 
business travel, purchased 
goods and services, 
employee commuting and 
transportation.

In 2012, scope 1 and scope 2 emissions reduced by 21,9% and 40,0% respectively and 
by 36,6% combined. Exxaro’s scope 3 sale of product CO2e emissions for the year 
(70 538kt) were in line with 2011’s reported emissions of 70 576kt CO2e.

We have also identifi ed opportunities to reduce lifestyle carbon footprints. The Exxaro 
projects that will reduce the carbon footprint are divided into confi rmed, probable and 
possible projects and some examples include:

•  Confi rmed projects (approved)

—  Energy effi ciency 

—   Co-generation

•  Probable projects (bankable)

—  Co-generation

—  Wind projects (Amakhala-Emoyeni and Tsitsikamma)

•  Possible projects (up to feasibility)

—  Wind power generation 

—  Solar power generation

—  Biodiseal

GHG emissions (kt CO2e)

2012

2012
%

2011

2011
%

2010

2010
%

2009

2009
%

78
10
58
2

346
187
11

Scope 1:
Diesel
Sasol gas
Fugitive 
emissions
Paraffi n
Anthracite
Other
Scope 2:
Electricity
Total scope 1 
1 463
and 2
70 645
Scope 3*:
Product sales 70 538
Transmission 
losses

1 117

107

24
13
1

5
1
4
–

443
210
14

75
18
118
8

19
9
1

3
1
5
–

503
207
13

86
18
164
15

21
9
–

4
1
7
–

529
205
15

86
17
195
11

21
8
1

3
 –
8
1

76

1 863

81

1 924

79

1 976

79

100

2 306
70 754
70 576

178

100

2 427
72 310
72 126

184

100

2 505
*
*

*

100

Total scope 1, 2 and 3

*  

 Emissions from product sales and grid transmission losses contribute more than 99% to total scope 3 
emissions. Scope 3 emissions were not quantifi ed in 2009

Adjustments made to previously reported Scope 2 GHG emissions resulting from the 
amendment of the GEF are presented below:

kt CO2e

Previously reported
Adjustments attributable to amendment 
of the GEF 
Restated

2011

2 041

(178)
1 863

2010

2 108

(184)
1 924

2009

2 165

(189)
1 976

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 129

There has until now been no general consensus on the methodology to be used 
in calculating the GEF for South Africa’s electricity grid, or on the actual number. 
In the current fi nancial year, a group comprising Exxaro, the National Business 
Initiative (NBI), Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) and an external consultant devised 
a methodology that adhered to the Greenhouse Protocol corporate accounting and 
reporting standard for emissions, and resulted in a GEF of 0,94t CO2e/MWh for South 
Africa for 2011. This is some 10% less than the 1,03t CO2e/MWh previously assumed. 
In the absence of an update for 2012, this factor has been implemented for the current 
fi nancial year and has been applied retrospectively to the base and succeeding years. 

Carbon disclosure
Carbon emission disclosure is vital for companies today — both from the perspective 
of environmental stewardship as a responsible corporate citizen and to develop 
an accurate energy and carbon database which will become compulsory and when 
proposed carbon taxation is promulgated.

Exxaro has participated in the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) in South Africa since 
2008. CDP is the only global climate-change reporting system, representing over 
655 institutional investors with US$78 trillion of assets under management in 2012. 
Over 3 000 organisations in around 60 countries now measure and disclose their 
greenhouse gas emissions, water management and climate change strategies through 
CDP. This data is made available for use by a wide global audience and provides 
valuable insights into corporate strategies while driving investment towards those 
companies adhering to sustainable carbon and emissions management.

In 2012, Exxaro again performed well on both CDP measures:

• 

 Carbon disclosure leadership index (measures only quality and completeness of 
response) — Exxaro achieved the top score of 100 points, a fi rst for South Africa 
and the company, improving on its score of 94 in 2011

•  Carbon performance score (measures the ambition and success of a company’s 
short- and long-term actions to mitigate climate change) — Exxaro scored B. 
According to CDP criteria, that places Exxaro among the top performers that have 
demonstrated integration of climate change recognised as a priority for strategy, 
with not all initiatives fully established. We acknowledge, however, that this is an 
on going process of improvement.

As part of our focus on continuous improvement, in 2012 we enhanced both disclosure 
and performance by:

• 

Integrating carbon and water risk management into the formal Exxaro risk 
management system

•  Aligning CDP supply chain management requirements with our green supply chain 

management initiatives.

This will ensure we are well prepared for proposed mandatory reporting on issues 
such as carbon budgeting, emissions measurement, reporting and verifi cation and 
carbon pricing.

Energy management
Exxaro has consolidated its approach to clean energy at corporate level in recent 
years, and integrated this into the group strategy. This has given us a clearer 
understanding of the risks and opportunities presented by energy in the broader 
sense, and enabled us to focus on improving capacity and capability in our business 
to manage climate change-related issues.

p 130

NATURAL CAPITAL

Externally, this has included funding Exxaro chairs at different universities in 
business and climate change, and energy efficiency, to support research, education 
and advocacy. This has also raised awareness of Exxaro’s corporate citizenship and 
environmental stewardship with government and external stakeholders. Internally, 
to remain competitive while dealing with climate change and related environmental 
concerns, Exxaro is improving its energy efficiency and has committed to several 
initiatives:

In the past three years, we have concentrated on high energy-consumption areas, 
specifically electricity consumption. We have aligned our process of monitoring 
independent business units with Eskom’s power conservation programme.

We are also developing a more accurate measure of total energy use from all sources across 
all business units, and how this relates to production measurements such as run-of-mine 
tonnes. This makes it easier to effectively compare and measure energy efficiency.

The next step will be to critically evaluate current plant processes. Continuous 
improvement is embedded in Exxaro’s culture and we believe there is solid potential 
to increase energy efficiency and reduce emissions through operational and 
process improvements as each operation aims for its specific energy efficiency 
improvement target.

For 2012, actual electricity consumed was 1 189GWh, 40% lower than 2011 (1 975GWh) 
and 49,0% lower than the reduced Eskom baseline of 2 330GWh. The improved 
performance is primarily a result of divested and discontinued operations.

Electricity consumption trend (GWh)

2 500

2 000

1 500

1 000

500

0

 Other

 Coal operations

 Base metals

 Mineral sands

2009

2010

2011

2012

Cleaner production
To reach our goal of becoming a leading participant in the independent production 
of clean-energy in southern Africa, several research projects are under way to reduce 
Exxaro’s environmental footprint from waste production and water use, including:

•  Characterising and assessing coal discards company-wide for electricity generation

•  Raising awareness of the importance of water conservation throughout Exxaro. 

Specifically, investigating further implementation of dry processing technologies 
as well as water treatment technologies.

In terms of waste management, a concept study is under way at Leeuwpan mine to use 
discard coal to generate electricity.

For water conservation, a prefeasibility study is being done on acid mine water 
treatment at North Block Complex. Water-flow meters were installed at all 
Exxaro mines.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 131

Various dry beneficiation technologies are being evaluated for specific implementation 
at Leeuwpan, with one of the principal advantages being elimination of process water. 
Encouraging initial results will be investigated further in the new financial year. 

In line with the group’s zero-effluent strategy for new projects, dry screening 
technology was incorporated in the final design and implementation of our 
Grootegeluk Medupi expansion project to drastically reduce effluent streams and the 
negative impact of slimes dams.

Environment — responsible use

Water management and efficiency
By local and international definitions, South Africa is a water-stressed region. In 2012 
Exxaro began monitoring and reporting according to JSE SRI reporting categories, 
which are aligned to the definitions and environmental categories from the GRI’s 
mining and metals sector guidelines. The accuracy of water measurement, monitoring 
and reporting has improved dramatically from 2011 to 2012; however Exxaro has only 
included water abstraction volumetric data in this report, with the exception of rainfall, 
abstraction from the sea and dewatering data. Consolidated dewatering volumetric 
data in some business units is still not at the required accuracy level to be included 
in the limited assurance in the 2012 integrated annual report. In 2013, Exxaro is 
developing a rainwater catchment measurement methodology and, since the second 
half of 2012, we have been replacing stolen and faulty water meters with analogue and 
telemetric metering, which will mitigate estimated data. For 2013, we intend to report 
on all water inflow categories. This will be aligned to the reporting format of Exxaro’s 
annual submission to the Water Carbon Disclosure Project.

For Exxaro, conserving water starts with quantifying and qualifying water abstraction 
and relating these volumes to efficiency indicators. Responsible custodianship can also 
be determined by re-use and recycling. In addition to these reporting areas, Exxaro’s 
business units measure the use of water abstracted as well as the volumes of stored 

water. Storage reduces the risk of accidental discharge and enables water re-used 
and recycling.

Grootegeluk adopted an integrated water management plan to utilise all surface rain water on the mine premises

p 132

NATURAL CAPITAL

Assurance 
level

Water source

Water (kilolitres)  

Production (kt)

Water withdrawal
intensity (kℓ/kt)

Business 
unit

Coal 

Arnot

Limited 
assurance

Other supplier: 
potable 

Char plant Water 

Durnacol

management 
reporting

Water 
management 
reporting

Grootegeluk Limited 

assurance

Hlobane

Water 
management 
reporting

Supplied by 
Grootegeluk

Water abstraction: 
river

Water abstraction: 
dam

Municipal supply: 
potable

Water abstraction: 
borehole

Water abstraction: 
dam

Other supplier: 
potable

Municipal supply: 
potable

2012

2011

2012

2011

2012

2011

7 589 992

10 544 173 

38 808 

39 244 

523 232 

57 2107 

2 081 

2 291 

251

250

53 121 

152 210 

43 

142 

1 235

1 072

33 768 

31 785 

No
product

No 
product

No 
product

No 
product

4 160 771 

6 292 888 

17 517 

18 231 

238

345

937 

1 205 

No 
product

No 
product

No 
product

No 
product

Inyanda

 Audit 
assurance

Water abstraction: 
borehole

99 543 

*123 011 

1 845 

1 918 

54

64

Water abstraction: 
dam

Water abstraction: 
borehole 

Other supply: 
potable

Leeuwpan Water 

Matla

management 
reporting

Water 
management 
reporting

New 
Clydesdale 

Audit 
assurance

Water abstraction: 
river 

North Block 
Complex

Water 
management 
reporting

Municipal supply: 
potable 

Tshikondeni Audit 

assurance

Water abstraction: 
river 

Mineral sands

KZN Sands# Water 

management 
reporting

Municipal supply: 
potable

Municipal supply: 
raw

5 963

470 000 

2 601 

3 239 

62

145

1 401 538 

1 493 114 

10 948 

10 150 

128

147

74 920 

289 070 

717 

628 

104

17 596 

476 553 

2 717 

2 346 

6

460

203

1 218 603 

642 230 

339 

299 

3 595

2 148

3 972 597 

9 038 940 

2 498 329 

*6 199 120 

794 

335 

1 549 

509 

7 458

12 179

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 133

Business 
unit

Namakwa 
Sands#

Assurance 
level

Water source

Water (kilolitres)  

Production (kt)

Water withdrawal
intensity (kℓ/kt)

2012

2011

2012

1 474 268 

2 839 820 

459 

2011

1 040 

2012

3 212

2011

2 731

Water 
management 
reporting

Water abstraction: 
canal 

Municipal 
abstraction: potable

Corporate office

AlloyStream Water 

management 
reporting

FerroAlloys Water 

management 
reporting

112 975 

68 685 

Municipal:  
potable – invoiced

52 256 

242  Product not
 disclosed

Product not
 disclosed

Municipal: 
potable – invoiced

9 728 

5 077  Product not
 disclosed

Product not
 disclosed

Head office Invoice based Municipal:  

46 166 

52 083  No product No product  

R&D

Total

Notes

potable – invoiced

Municipal:  
potable – invoiced

Water 
management 
reporting

4 825 

11 283  No product No product  

 12 308 604  

*  Adjustments made to 2011 reported volumetric data 
#  Six months data

Water sourced from independent entities outside of municipal supply, ie water supply from regional water authorities and/or directly from Eskom 

Other suppliers of potable and raw water

In 2011 Exxaro reported on volumes for water used. In 2012 Exxaro changed to the GRI EN water abstracted reporting category. This resulted 
in changes to Inyanda and KZN Sands 2011 reported volumetric data

Audit process: Water management reporting categories are not subject to audit review

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
p 134

NATURAL CAPITAL

We are planning water treatment solutions to treat and recycle contaminated water to 
the fullest possible extent to minimise the water intensity of some mines. To date, all 
water sources have been qualified and quantified in the Exxaro water database.

As a key resource, our concerns range from availability and security of supply, to 
efficient and responsible use of scarce resources and regulatory compliance.

In the past two years, we have focused on rolling out the Exxaro water management 
programme to entrench group policies and standards in each business unit. To be 
ecologically sustainable, our programme was aligned to best-practice guidelines from 
the Department of Water Affairs covering:

• 

Integrated water and waste management planning

•  Stormwater management planning

•  Water and salt balances

•  Water monitoring systems

•  Water re-use and reclamation

•  Pollution control dams

•  Environmental performance indicators.

A centralised water accounting process was implemented in 2011 to enable 
accurate quantitative reporting. This was extended in 2012 to qualitative reporting. 
The database is aligned to report accurately on all voluntary and statutory 
requirements (Carbon Disclosure Project, integrated annual report, JSE SRI, GRI and 
United Nations Global Compact).

Exxaro regularly updates its operational water balances and has developed system 
changes to minimise raw-water consumption and prevent losses from the water 
reticulation system.

Exxaro is committed to water efficiency targets. The first of these was to reduce 
potable water by 5% by the end of 2012, off the 2010 baseline. With detailed 
standardised water accounting, the baseline was moved to 2011.

A coal sector saving of 2,1% was achieved through efficiency and awareness, but as 
a group, a 46% saving was achieved, primarily attributable to the divestment of our 
mineral sands and base metals operations. Our water intensity has decreased from 
year to year. The proposed water treatment plant at Matla will reduce Exxaro’s external 
potable water consumption significantly.

Other water abstraction volume-reduction targets will be qualified in 2013. These will 
cover water re-use and water recycling. Exxaro, in partnership with leading water-
treatment units of tertiary institutions, is developing a wetland mine water treatment 
pilot, which uses biomimicry to purify and re-use stored polluted mine water.

We continue to search for technology solutions to clean water for re-use and recycling, 
as well as for release into the environment. We are implementing dry-processing 
technology in our mining operations to minimise the use of water. Other technology 
solutions being investigated include ion-exchange, reverse osmosis, filtration, 
evaporation and leak detection.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 135

In addition, Exxaro’s long-term view on water issues means that proactive measures 
are being taken to mitigate anticipated impacts from climate change. Because our 
operations are now concentrated in the north-east of South Africa, these impacts 
largely relate to extreme storms with excessive rainfall and risk of flooding. A growing 
proportion of our reported environmental incidents relate to extreme storm events.

To improve water management expertise in the business, education and training 
is ongoing to ensure issues are understood and that there is a direct benefit to all 
stakeholders. This is linked to creating green jobs in the business as these skills 
become more important in achieving sustainable water use and stewardship.

Exxaro submitted its third report to the CDP water disclosure initiative. This voluntary, 
but detailed, participation on water-related data will provide valuable insight into the 
water strategies of many of the largest companies in the world.

Water management initiatives
Efficiency projects and goals by individual operations include:

Grootegeluk opencast  
mine

In-pit storage of stormwater

Run-off for plant use

Grootegeluk Medupi 
expansion project (GMEP)

Dewatering of the Basalt aquifer and re-use as process 
water

Beneficiation plant has been designed for zero-effluent

Leeuwpan mine

Water recovery from pit storage and sewage treatment

Stormwater run-off recycled and re-used via process 
water dams 

Tshikondeni mine

Reclamation of sewage water for rehabilitation growth 
on dumps

Inyanda mine

New Clydesdale Colliery 

Recovery of slimes water and underground dewatering 
for process water, reducing demand from the river

Process water sourced from pit dewatering and slimes 
water recovery. Only in emergency dry situations will the 
mine source from the Olifants River

Abstraction from Olifants River for domestic use only 
with process water sourced from slimes recovery and 
underground dewatering

North Block Complex 
Glisa  mine

Potable water sourced from Belfast municipality with all 
process water reclaimed from old underground workings

Matla and Arnot

Mafube

Various initiatives and programmes in place to reduce 
intake of raw and potable water from Eskom. This 
includes the water treatment plant at Matla

Process water used in coal washing is reclaimed from 
various opencast operations

p 136

NATURAL CAPITAL

Managing wetlands 
responsibly

As one of South Africa’s leading 
diversifi ed resources companies, 
we take pride in our reputation as 
a responsible operator of mines 
across the country. During the 
year, inaccurate media reports 
in a major daily newspaper 
and other media alleged that 
operations at our Leeuwpan 
mine had been halted by the 
Department of Water Affairs 
(DWA) and that the mine was 
operating illegally in a wetland 
area. One of the articles also 
used a misleading front page 
photograph. Exxaro refuted this 
information and responded by 
publishing correct information 
in the newspaper and on our 
website, and by issuing a 
statement to all media. Exxaro 
management also engaged with 
the newspaper editorial team 
to promote accurate reporting 
in future.

The correct information was, 
as noted elsewhere in the 
environmental and governance 
sections of this report, that in 
terms of the National Water Act, 
Leeuwpan mine is licensed and 
fully compliant with all relevant 
legislation. The water use licence 
includes the wetland area. The 
pre-directives and a directive 
from DWA related to mining 
activities close to the wetland 
area and construction of a river 
crossing were challenged by 
Exxaro in the High Court, which 
ruled in the group’s favour and 
suspended the directives.

The judgment means Exxaro 
may continue to mine in the area 
which DWA contended was not 
covered by the water licence. 
Despite permission received 
from court, Exxaro will employ 
the services of a wetland expert 
to conduct additional wetland 
sensitivity studies to determine 
the historical and potential 
impacts, if any. The court also 
ordered the DWA to reinstate 
the Water Tribunal which will 
impartially consider the parties’ 
views on the matter. 

Following engagement with the 
JSE’s SRI to communicate this 
situation, the JSE indicated it was 
satisfi ed with the information. 

Water use licensing
While most Exxaro operations have their water use authorised under the old Water Act, 
we have been steadily migrating these authorisations to the new (1998) National Water 
Act: all operations have had their integrated water use licences (or IWULs) submitted 
to the Department of Water Affairs for approval. By January 2013, 21 IWULs had been 
granted with three pending. During the year, six were granted, making the migration 
process 98% complete.

Exxaro reports on water issues against relevant GRI indicators as well as UN Global 
Compact principles, and the ICMM sustainable development framework. Standardised 
processes have further enhanced data accuracy and capture for this reporting period.

Exxaro water issues in the media
•  Exxaro’s Zeeland water treatment works, which supplies water to over 21 000 

residents of Lephalale local municipality in Limpopo, was awarded the prestigious 
Blue Drop certifi cation by the Department of Water Affairs (DWA). This follows the 
completion of a full water quality assessment by DWA which started in 2011. Zeeland 
water treatment works achieved an impressive 100% for its drinking water quality 
and treatment process management

•  Managing wetlands responsibly (see panel).

Responsible conservation of biodiversity
Our vision is to conserve Exxaro’s biodiversity through the sustainable co-existence of 
our mining operations and the country’s natural resources for future generations. In 
addition to complying with legislation and non-statutory best practice, we are aiming 
to develop a competitive advantage through conservancy and re-establishing resilient 
ecosystems.

We are making steady progress in implementing conservation measures that 
underscore Exxaro’s commitment to entrench duty-of-care principles.

During the review period, we developed the strategy and framework to reach our 
goals, and compiled baseline reports and biodiversity action plans for most business 
units. Performance reviews against these action plans will begin in June 2013.

Our detailed management standard guides business units in implementing group 
policy, aiming to:

•  Ensure a cost-effective integrated approach to biodiversity management

•  Be environmentally responsible in protecting and managing biodiversity

•  Be ecologically sustainable by ensuring biodiversity-rich areas are contained within 
mining right areas, to manage and monitor protected and threatened Red Data 
species, and control declared category 1, 2 and 3 invasive plants.

Wetland baseline assessments for almost all business units were updated in recent 
years. Matla and Grootegeluk baseline assessments are currently being updated to 
fi ll gaps and update wetland maps. Detailed inventories of wetlands types identifi ed 
(pans, hill slope, valley bottom, etc) have been updated. The present ecological state 
(PES), ecological importance and sensitivity (EIS) and functionality (EcoService) of 
all wetlands in each business unit were updated. Wetland management plans will be 
considered for sections within mining right areas to add value to wetland ecosystems, 
diversity and functionality to improve PES, EIS and functionality. 

The wetland inventory and wetlands maps will be used to consider biodiversity-
sensitive areas as part of business and mine-planning decisions. A wetland policy and 
management standard has been drafted and will go through the process of approval 
and implementation in 2013.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 137

Signifi cant impact of activities
While Exxaro is not yet able to quantify its impact in protected sites or areas of high-
diversity value, new industry guidelines will be used in the year ahead to update all 
business units’ areas of high biodiversity value. This data will be presented in the next 
report to stakeholders. In the interim, we continue to act responsibly in mitigating 
our impact:

•  At Grootegeluk, relocation of two protected baboon spider species was initiated and 
monitored. Various scientifi c papers will be submitted for publications at the end of 
the relocation and research project (see case study)

•  Marking protected trees and submitting permit applications for various 

developments at Grootegeluk and Tshikondeni (the only two business units 
where this was required to date). Existing permit renewals and permits for new 
developments were approved by the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and 
Fisheries

•  At Inyanda, relocation of the Red Data species Frithia humilis was completed 
and monitored until end 2012. A postgraduate research project with the North 
West University on the ecology of the relocated species began in January 2011, 
in conjunction with SA National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) and the Mpumalanga 
Tourism and Parks Agency

•  We have prioritised rehabilitation of the affected wetland area at Arnot’s 

Mooifontein operation to improve biodiversity and ecological functionality. Offset 
mitigations are also being considered as recommended by the Department of Water 
Affairs. Measures include ongoing mitigation initiatives and offset areas in similar 
wetlands with the same ecosystem functionality. Stakeholders and interested and 
affected parties have been consulted on proposed measures. Once the wetland 
rehabilitation plan is approved, detailed rehabilitation will be conducted to 
compensate for loss.

Approximately R30 million has been spent since 2010 and this is expected to increase 
as biodiversity action plans are fully implemented and declared alien invader species 
are eradicated.

Exxaro’s long-term view on water issues means that proactive measures are being taken to mitigate anticipated impacts 
from climate change

p 138

NATURAL CAPITAL

Biodiversity across the Exxaro group 2012

Geographic 
location

Arnot

Biome

Grassland

Name of vegetation 
unit (Mucina & 
Rutherford 2006)

Conservation status of 
vegetation units according 
to National Spatial 
Biodiversity Assessment 
Report — 2011

Eastern highveld 
grassland (GM12)

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Type of 
operation(s)

Mostly 
underground 
with limited 
opencast

Grassland

Eastern temperate 
freshwater wetlands 
(AZf3)

Conservation target of 24%

North Block 
Complex – Glisa

Grassland

Eastern highveld 
grassland (GM12)

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Opencast and 
underground

a
g
n
a
l
a
m
u
p
M

Grassland

Eastern temperate 
freshwater wetlands 
(AZf3)

Conservation target of 24%

Grassland

Lydenburg montane 
grassland (GM18)

Vulnerable with conservation 
target of 27%

NBC Strathrae

Grassland

Eastern highveld 
grassland (GM12)

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Opencast and 
underground

Grassland

Eastern temperate 
freshwater wetlands 
(AZf3)

Conservation target of 24%

* Based on carbon footprint report calculations (2008)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 139

Land owned/leased/
managed by Exxaro

Combination of owned, 
leased and managed by 
Exxaro – some farms in 
mining right area belonging 
to privately owned 
landowners/farmers. Mining 
activities take place only on 
land belonging to Exxaro/
Eskom 

Position relative to 
protected/high diversity 
area 

Size of operational site (ha) with 
dominant vegetation surface areas per 
vegetation type in brackets* 

Not close to any Ramsar or 
protected areas/nature 
reserves under the 
Protected Areas Act, but 
some plant communities 
listed as endangered by 
NSBAR 2004

18 668ha (8 116ha grassland, 931ha 
wetland, 435ha secondary/transformed 
grassland consisting of abandoned 
croplands/rehabilitated areas, 497ha 
plantations, woodstocks, shelterbelts, 
6 909ha cultivated lands, 902ha mine 
tailings and mining-related infrastructures, 
518ha open water, 33ha grassland scrub 
and 327ha buildings)

Biodiversity value 
(nature of area, 
listing of protected 
status)

Endangered

Exxaro

Not close to any Ramsar or 
protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
however some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

1 014,43ha (246,60 ha natural grassland,  
32,7ha wetland grassland, 7,00ha grassland 
scrub, 2,72ha buildings, 9,92ha cultivated 
fields, 292,75ha mine tailings and 
associated infrastructure, 49,22ha open 
water, 291,04ha plantations and 82,49ha 
secondary/transformed grassland)

Combination of owned, 
leased and managed by 
Exxaro – some farms in 
mining right area belong to 
private landowners/farmers 

Not close to any Ramsar or 
protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

6 166ha (3 206ha natural primary grassland, 
358ha wetland grassland, 211ha secondary/
transformed grassland consisting of 
abandoned cropland and rehabilitated 
areas, 1 811ha cultivated fields, 296ha mine 
tailings, borrow pits etc, 240ha open water, 
43ha plantations, woodlocks, shelterbelts)

Least threatened

Endangered

Least threatened

Vulnerable

Least threatened

Endangered

p 140

NATURAL CAPITAL

Biodiversity across the Exxaro group 2012 (continued)

Geographic 
location

Name of vegetation 
unit (Mucina & 
Rutherford 2006)

Biome

Conservation status of 
vegetation units according 
to National Spatial 
Biodiversity Assessment 
Report — 2011

Inyanda

Grassland

Rand highveld 
grassland (GM11)

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Type of 
operation(s)

Opencast

Leeuwpan

Grassland

Eastern highveld 
grassland (GM12)

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Opencast

a
g
n
a
l
a
m
u
p
M

Grassland

Grassland

Matla

Grassland

Eastern temperate 
freshwater wetlands 
(AZf3)

Soweto highveld 
grassland (GM8)

Eastern highveld 
grassland (GM12)

Conservation target of 24%

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Underground

Grassland

Eastern temperate 
freshwater wetlands 
(AZf3)

Conservation target of 24%

New Clydesdale 
Colliery

Grassland

Eastern highveld 
grassland (GM12)

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Opencast and 
underground

Grassland

Eastern temperate 
freshwater wetlands 
(AZf3)

Conservation target of 24%

* Based on carbon footprint report calculations (2008)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 141

Position relative to 
protected/high diversity 
area 

Size of operational site (ha) with 
dominant vegetation surface areas per 
vegetation type in brackets* 

1 747ha (1 372ha natural grassland, 18ha 
grassland scrub, 248ha cultivated fields – 
rest consist of open water, mine tailings, 
secondary grassland etc)

Biodiversity value 
(nature of area, 
listing of protected 
status)

Endangered

2 073ha (111ha grassland, 225ha wetland 
grassland, 1 061ha cultivated lands – rest 
consist of mine tailings, buildings, 
mining-related infrastructures, secondary 
grassland and open water) 

Endangered

Land owned/leased/
managed by Exxaro

Land owned by Exxaro

Land owned by Exxaro

Not close to any Ramsar 
or protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

Not close to any Ramsar 
or protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

Combination of owned, 
leased and managed by 
Exxaro – some farms in 
mining right area belong to 
private landowners/
farmers. Mining activities 
only take place on land 
belonging to Exxaro/Eskom

Not close to any Ramsar 
or protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

26 162ha (7 329ha grassland, 3 446ha 
wetland grassland, 115ha stream vegetation 
(bushveld), 11 708ha cultivated fields; 
1 654ha secondary grassland)

Combination of owned, 
leased and managed by 
Exxaro – some farms in  
mining right area belong 
to privately owned 
landowners/farmers

Not close to any Ramsar 
or protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

5 383ha (1 479ha natural grassland, 174ha 
wetland grassland, 578ha secondary/
transformed grassland consisting of 
abounded cropfields, 256ha mine tailings, 
borrowpits, bare soils etc. Balance 
comprises plantations, open water, etc)

Least threatened

Endangered

Endangered

Least threatened

Endangered

Least threatened

p 142

NATURAL CAPITAL

Biodiversity across the Exxaro group 2012 (continued)

Geographic 
location

Name of vegetation 
unit (Mucina & 
Rutherford 2006)

Biome

Conservation status of 
vegetation units according 
to National Spatial 
Biodiversity Assessment 
Report — 2011

Type of 
operation(s)

Durnacol

Grassland

Income sandy 
grassland (Gs7)

Vulnerable with conservation 
target of 23%

Historically 
underground

l
a
t
a
N
-
u

l

u
Z
a
w
K

o
p
o
p
m
L

i

Hlobane

Grassland

Wakkerstroom montane 
grassland (GM14)

Least threatened with 
conservation target of 27%

Historically 
underground

Tshikondeni

Forest 
– azonal 

Lowveld riverine forest 
(FOa1)

Critically endangered with 
a conservation target of 
100%

Largely 
underground 
with three small 
mini pits

Forest – zonal 
and intrazonal 

Ironwood dry forest 
(FOz9)

Conservation target of 100%

Savanna

Savanna 
– lowveld

Savanna 
– central 
bushveld

Musina mopane 
bushveld (SVmp1)

Least threatened with 
conservation target of 19%

Makuluke sandy 
bushveld (SVI1)

Vulnerable with conservation 
target of 19%

Limpopo sweet 
bushveld (SVcb19)

Least threatened with 
conservation target of 19%

Opencast

Grootegeluk

* Based on carbon footprint report calculations (2008)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 143

Position relative to 
protected/high diversity 
area 

Size of operational site (ha) with 
dominant vegetation surface areas per 
vegetation type in brackets* 

Land owned/leased/
managed by Exxaro

Combination of owned, 
leased and managed by 
Exxaro – some farms in 
mining right area belong to 
private landowners/farmers

Combination of owned, 
leased and managed by 
Exxaro – some farms in 
mining right area belong to 
private landowners/farmers

Not close to any Ramsar or 
protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

Not close to any Ramsar or 
protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

Surface rights belong to the 
state

Adjacent to the Kruger 
National Park

20 102ha (11 113ha natural grassland 
vegetation, 4 041ha wetland grassland, 
154ha stream vegetation (bushveld), 
2 263ha secondary/transformed grassland 
consisting of abandoned cropfields and 
rehabilitated areas, 113ha retracted 
plantations, 423ha plantations, 698ha 
cultivated fields, 322ha grassland scrub, 
97ha open water, 295ha mine tailings and 
related infrastructure, 582ha buildings)

5 780ha (1 070ha grassland scrub, 152ha 
mountain bushveld, 16ha open bushveld, 
1 729ha grassland, 1 033ha plantations, 
229ha wetland grassland, 63ha stream 
vegetation (bushveld), 291ha buildings, 
328ha mine tailings and associated 
infrastructure, 39ha open water, 436ha 
retracted plantations, 33ha rocky outcrops, 
305ha secondary/transformed grassland)

22 386ha (5 710ha mopani bushveld, 
3 921ha mountain bushveld, 663ha open 
bushveld, 473ha riparian forest, 4 469ha 
thicket and encroached bushveld, 103ha 
woodland, 40ha wetland grassland, 412ha 
stream vegetation, 235ha inland forests and 
the rest consists of buildings (72ha), 
cultivated fields (709ha), floodplain bushveld 
(27ha) etc

Exxaro

Not close to any Ramsar or 
protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

18 391ha (11 493ha bushveld vegetation, 
2 016ha open bushveld, 960ha thicket and 
encroached bushveld, 36ha pans, 805ha 
woodlands, 0,4ha cultivated fields, 187ha 
floodplain bushveld, 11ha floodplain 
grassland, 2 257ha mine tailings and 
associated infrastructure, 178ha buildings, 
431ha transformed/degraded bushveld and 
17ha open water)

Biodiversity value 
(nature of area, 
listing of protected 
status)

Vulnerable

Least threatened

Critically endangered

Least threatened

Vulnerable

Least threatened

p 144

NATURAL CAPITAL

Biodiversity across the Exxaro group 2012 (continued)

Name of vegetation 
unit (Mucina & 
Rutherford 2006)

Biome

Conservation status of 
vegetation units according 
to National Spatial 
Biodiversity Assessment 
Report — 2011

Type of 
operation(s)

FerroAlloys

Grassland

Soweto highveld 
grassland (GM8)

Endangered with 
conservation target of 24%

Industrial site 
– no mining

Geographic 
location

g
n
e
t
u
a
G

* Based on carbon footprint report calculations (2008)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 145

Land owned/leased/
managed by Exxaro

ArcelorMittal

Position relative to 
protected/high diversity 
area 

Size of operational site (ha) with 
dominant vegetation surface areas per 
vegetation type in brackets* 

Biodiversity value 
(nature of area, 
listing of protected 
status)

Disturbed area within an industrial area

Endangered

Not close to any Ramsar or 
protected areas/nature 
reserves protected under 
the Protected Areas Act, 
but some plant 
communities listed as 
endangered by NSBAR 
2004

p 146

NATURAL CAPITAL

Case study — Relocating the baboon spiders at Grootegeluk
Two species of baboon spiders, namely the golden-brown baboon spider 
(Augacephalus junodi) and the burst horned baboon spider (Ceratogyrus darlingi), 
were recorded in March 2012 while clearing vegetation before upgrading roads as 
part of the Grootegeluk Medupi expansion project.

During transect walks, Exxaro’s ecologist, people from the local community, 
Grootegeluk’s environmental specialist and rangers from Manketti Game Reserve 
recorded and marked some 175 baboon spider burrows, prompting a research 
project to capture, keep and relocate as many of these spiders as possible. The 
reason for this is that baboon spiders are long-living invertebrates protected 
under the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act.

In the absence of any scientifi c precedent on relocating these species, Exxaro 
collaborated with specialists in developing a dedicated research project that will 
address several key questions:

•  Can baboon spiders be relocated successfully after being removed from their 

burrows, held in captivity for a while and then relocated into the wild?

•  To what extent can the proposed method succeed and can this ensure 

successful relocation and survival of other species across development areas 
in South Africa?

• 

Is there a difference in outcome based on the:
—  Time of the year
—  Relocation method
—  Demographics of the released population (age, sex, species, etc)?

•  What is the total cost of relocation?

Adult female golden-brown baboon spider 

Adult female burst horned baboon spider

Baboon spider burrows recorded along the Nelson Mandela Road

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 147

To date, a total of 175 individual spiders have been removed by digging up the 
burrow and surrounding area, and kept in suitable containers for monitoring until 
being relocated in manmade burrows in the natural environment. Individuals 
collected in the same area were marked to relocate them together and minimise 
impacts on the population/community.

The habitat of sub-populations was investigated to determine acceptable habitat 
conditions. Aspects considered included substrate structure and texture; soil 
moisture; vegetation type and density; food-source availability (invertebrates) 
and vegetation canopy cover.

An 800ha portion in the south of the Manketti game reserve, some 5–10km from 
the capture site, was identifi ed as a suitable habitat. The area was screened and 
a natural population of baboon spiders identifi ed and used as a control.

Artifi cial burrows were built and tailored to the size of individual baboon spiders 
being released. A steel cage was fi xed into the ground over each artifi cial burrow 
to prevent spiders from escaping until they had adopted the burrow, and to keep 
natural predators out.

Four relocation periods were planned: the fi rst happened in the second half of 
August 2012, after the coldest part of winter. The second and third relocations 
were conducted in October and November 2012 after the fi rst summer rains. 
A fourth relocation took place in March 2013.

Each burrow for both the relocated and control populations was monitored 
weekly directly after release, and monthly after the fi rst three months. Over 95% 
of the spiders survived in their artifi cial burrows, underscoring the success of 
this research project and its potential application in relocating other species. 
Continuous monitoring is taking place.

Steel cage protecting artifi cial burrow

p 148

NATURAL CAPITAL

Land management 2012

Heritage and land management

10 000

8 000

s
e
r
a
t
c
e
H

6 000

4 000

2 000

0

Total land
disturbed

Total land
rehabilitated

Exxaro operates on a cradle-to-grave mining lifecycle that integrates our operational 
activities from the planning and feasibility stages of a mining project to post closure. 
Environmental risks are monitored for up to fi ve years after closure.

Our goal is to budget for and schedule ongoing rehabilitation aligned with individual 
mining plans. Integral to this process is minimising any negative impacts on affected 
parties or the environment, and communicating rehabilitation actions via established 
forums.

Business units report quarterly on set indicators, while screening-level environmental 
risk assessments are conducted fi ve years before closure. The Exxaro Environmental 
Rehabilitation Fund (EERF) is the primary vehicle used to provide for liabilities, while 
additional bank guarantees are taken out to provide for new developments. In line with 
revised group standards, in the fi rst quarter of each year, EERF trustees decide which 
business units’ cost estimates will be conducted externally or reviewed by a competent 
third party based on each business unit’s risk profi le. EERF fi gures are updated 
biannually and submitted annually to the DMR.

Exxaro contributed R55,7 million to the Environmental Rehabilitation Fund in 2012 and 
had R553,5 million in its trust fund at 31 December 2012 for mine-closure activities 
(2011: R61,7 million and R606,6 million respectively). The reduction refl ects the 
divestment of our mineral sands business to Tronox. In addition, the group had bank 
guarantees of R368,7 million in place. Updating these provisions annually highlights 
potential rehabilitation alternatives that could decrease the closure liabilities of mines 
in the long term.

To address the environmental closure obligations for Matla and Arnot mines, a 
separate rehabilitation trust fund has been established and merely awaits approval 
from the Master’s Offi ce. Trustee representatives from Exxaro and Eskom will serve 
on the fund.

External closure-cost reviews were completed at fi ve operations during the year. 
Performance assessments against the objectives of environmental management plan 
reports were completed for eight operations and submitted to DMR. In line with the 
growing government focus on rehabilitation, all group business units are reviewing 
their rehabilitation plans (with appropriate schedules and budgets).

Mine closure
Exxaro has social and labour plans in place for all operations. To address the social 
aspects of mine closure, associated liabilities form part of operational costs during 
the life of mine while post-closure social liabilities are provided for as part of the 
closure cost.

Environmentally, Exxaro proactively addresses any liability build-up by tracking 
rehabilitation progress, reducing closure cost by including concurrent rehabilitation 
where possible as part of operational cost, conducting environmental impact 
assessments as part of ISO 14001 certifi cation at all stages of mining as required and 
tracking any changes during the life of mine.

As part of the closure process, Exxaro also engages extensively with interested and 
affected parties to minimise the social impact of closure. Studies are undertaken to 
determine if existing infrastructure and machinery can be used by the local community 
as part of leaving a positive legacy.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 149

Exxaro has two mines at different stages of their closure plans — Tshikondeni, and 
Inyanda. In 2012, R399,2 million was budgeted to cover implementation of the relevant 
social plans and rehabilitate negative and latent environmental impacts.

Zincor
The Zincor plant was ramped down at the end of 2011, with last zinc product produced 
in December 2011. All voluntary retrenchments were completed in the first quarter of 
2012 after the plant was cleaned and decommissioned. More than 200 employees were 
appointed in alternative positions in the Exxaro group. A core team was appointed 
to oversee rehabilitation and planning of the possible closure of the Zincor site if no 
alternative use could be established. To date, rehabilitation planning has proceeded for 
both the plant and surrounding areas. Environmental monitoring is ongoing for water 
and associated legal requirements.

At present Exxaro is considering alternative uses for the Zincor facility, and final 
rehabilitation and closure plans will depend on a possible new business plan to 
be adopted.

Cradle-to-grave mining lifecycle

LEVEL OF 
CERTAINTY

PLANNING AND 
FEASIBILITY

OPERATIONAL

DECOMMISSIONING  
AND CLOSURE

POST-CLOSURE

D
N
A
G
N

I

N
N
A
L
P

E
S
A
H
P
Y
T
I
L
I

B

I
S
A
E
F

L
A
N
O

I
T
A
R
E
P
O

E
S
A
H
P

G
N

I

N
O

I
S
S
I
M
M
O
C
E
D

E
S
A
H
P
E
R
U
S
O
L
C
D
N
A

E
R
U
S
O
L
C
-
T
S
O
P

E
S
A
H
P

Planning and 
feasibility studies

Develop detailed operational plan including 
progressive rehabilitation plan

Baseline studies

Identify R&D needs for closure

Compilation and 
approval of EMP

Implementation and ongoing review of 
operational plan

EMP performance assessment

Progressive implementation of rehabilitation 
closure plan

Implementation of monitoring programmes

Implementation of R&D programmes

Screening level 
environmental risk 
assessment (ERA)

Define closure impacts

Prepare conceptual 
closure plan, including 
first order closure cost 
assessment

Ongoing ERA and 
review of closure 
plan and closure cost 
assessment

Quantitative ERA five 
years prior to closure

Obtain approval and 
implement closure 
plan

Implement verification 
monitoring 
programme

Regular performance 
assessment

Compile final closure 
risk assessment report

Approval of closure 
certificate

Define post-closure 
impact

Define post-closure 
objectives including 
land-use objectives

Ongoing review 
of post-closure 
impact

Ongoing 
consultation with 
interested and 
affected parties 
on post-closure 
objectives

Define monitoring 
and maintenance 
procedures

Finalise financial 
arrangements 
and contractual 
agreements

Implement 
monitoring  and 
maintenance 
programmes

Third-party 
responsibility

E
S
A
H
P
E
R
U
S
O
L
C
D
N
A
G
N

I

N
O

I
S
S
I
M
M
O
C
E
D

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
p 150

NATURAL CAPITAL

Mine-closure planning process

E
V
I
T
C
E
J
B
O

E
S
A
H
P

E
S
A
H
P
T
N
E
M
S
S
E
S
S
A
K
S
I
R

T
N
E
M
E
G
A
N
A
M

E
S
A
H
P
N
O
I
T
P
O

E
S
A
H
P
E
R
U
S
O
L
C

Develop initial 
closure objectives

CONSULTATION

Perform a Level 1 
(screening level) ERA

CONSULTATION

POTENTIAL RISK

UNCERTAIN RISK

INSIGNIFICANT RISK

Perform a Level 2
(quantitative) ERA

Define and implement monitoring
programme to define risk

Document insignificant
and acceptable risks

Re-evaluate risk

YES

Design and implement 
confirmation
monitoring programme

Is risk acceptable 
without any further 
mitigation

NO

Identify alternative
strategy

Quantitative risk assessment
of alternative strategies

CONSULTATION

Define and agree on
acceptable level of impact

Finalise management measures,
implementation programme 
and financial provision

PEER REVIEW

CONSULTATION

APPROVAL 
OF CLOSURE
CERTIFICATE

Final closure
assessment report

Prepare and submit closure
assessment report

C
O
N
S
U
L
T
A
T
I
O
N

P
E
E
R
R
E
V
I
E
W

Implement closure plan 
and verification monitoring

CONSULTATION

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 151

Tshikondeni
At Tshikondeni, we have incorporated statutory requirements into our own initiatives 
to ensure an orderly and benefi cial social closure process:

•  Forming a social closure committee (statutory future forum) as part of the mine 

closure committee

•  Drawing up a mine-closure stakeholder database and engagement plan

•  Commissioning a structured study to assess the needs and expectations of all 

relevant internal and external stakeholders, eg SEAT

•  Commissioning a socio-economic impact assessment study which will include 

a full assessment of the social impact of closure and mitigation plans

•  Drawing up a detailed mine closure communication plan

•  Finalising a social closure plan

•  Finalising an environmental closure plan

•  Obtaining buy-in from all relevant stakeholders and approval from the DMR.

Current mining legislation presents a number of specifi c risks in mine closure. These 
include possible pressure from affected communities to increase the corporate 
contribution to mine-closure social programmes which will escalate the longer-term 
fi nancial requirement. An additional risk comes from third-party applications for 
continued mining at mines in closure (Hlobane and Durnacol). Continued mining at 
these old workings is exceptionally dangerous and any incidents will have an impact on 
Exxaro’s reputation. Future liability is likely to escalate as new and old mining impacts 
cannot be separated in terms of water quality, subsidence and crack formation. With 
any mine closure, there is also the risk that implementing the closure plan might 
not address all negative impacts. Exxaro has prepared as fully as possible for these 
contingencies in its existing closure plans.

Hazardous waste management
Given that hazardous waste is a material risk to Exxaro’s business, we are rolling out 
a more proactive approach based on accurate data and group-wide standards. This will 
address material issues, such as avoidance, minimisation, management and correct 
disposal of hazardous waste. The total hazardous waste generated at our managed 
coal operations during 2012 was 1 484 tonnes.

We are developing the group policy and management standards for hazardous waste, 
and baseline waste assessments are under way for key operations. Once these are 
complete, project implementation plans will be fi nalised and performance monitored 
regularly to enable the group to report more fully on this component.

Radioactive materials remain a potential risk at KZN Sands and Namakwa Sands, 
for which responsibility now rests with Tronox. No breaches were reported in terms 
of the National Nuclear Regulator (NNR) for the reporting period.

Hazardous waste

s
e
n
n
o
T

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Grootegeluk

Leeuwpan

Arnot

p 152

NATURAL CAPITAL

Consumption 2012

GJ

Coal 

Arnot

Char plant/
Reductants

Durnacol

Grootegeluk

Hlobane

Inyanda

Leeuwpan

Matla

Electricity

Diesel

Sasol gas

LPG

2012

2011

2012

2011

1 897 646

1 923 201

2 221 489

2 162 868

2012

—

2011

—

186 447

177 988

19 570

52 383

 – 

 22 610 

3 081

2 369

354

349

2 533

4 465

2012

442

31

23

2011

341

174

950 991

966 374

830 549

731 913

196

132

15

16

1 275

1 682

27 747

26 437

166 070

196 857

88 927

90 946

605 280

606 766

459 302

447 659

69 087

63 970

New Clydesdale 

59 599

55 862

23 947

81 457

North Block Complex

22 490

19 788

343 347

321 374

Tshikondeni

101 774

115 172

156 750

99 632

Mineral sands

2 195 894

3 733 636

270 845

529 024

141 985

275 221

KZN Sands

951 437

1 302 882

25 128

55 786

141 985

275 221

Namakwa Sands

1 244 457

2 430 754

245 717

473 238

Base metals 

Rosh Pinah2

Zincor

96 193

1 423 942

26 825

138 274

—

—

—

63 520

157 360

26 825

85 668

32 673

1 266 582

 —

52 606

Corporate office

89 666

53 124

1 074

812

70 976

1 126

—

AlloyStream

FerroAlloys

Head office

R&D

Total

38 205

3 366

21 362

18 169

24 922

24 434

5 177

7 155

 347 

 294 

 155 

 278 

 – 

 – 

554

258

69 698

3

1 278

1 123

4 279 399

7 133 903

2 520 233

2 830 978

212 961

276 347

442

1  Total energy use comprises electricity and fossil fuel consumption. Exxaro operates and manages a central energy data repository to record business unit 
energy consumption intensity performance, carbon emissions measurement and cost performance. Data is sourced from invoices tendered by appointed 
suppliers. Data recorded on the energy database is subjected to annual external audit. Energy data captured for the 2012 financial year has been audited 
by PwC

2  Divested to Glencore International AG during 2012

3

49

102

25

1

12

—

35

293

293

132

132

1

1

767

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 153

Paraffin

Oil light fuel bulk

Anthracite

Petrol

Total energy use1

2012

—

2011

—

2012

—

2011

—

2012

—

2011

—

2012

7 583

2 285

2011

2012

2011

9 129

4 127 160

4 095 539

2 837

208 333

233 207

3 104

25 153

160

257

3 047

5 071

2 251

2 900

1 783 987

1 701 319

64

134

1 354

1 832

193 820

223 294

694 256

697 712

2 823

3 002

531 314

514 666

83 571

137 319

365 838

341 162

 – 

258 536

214 804

130 792

239 816

1 230

3

441 029

903 939

3 121

4 603

3 184 896

5 686 534

130 792

239 816

1 230

6

6

31

31

—

54

54

—

3

—

441 029

903 939

3 121

4 499

2 066 346

4 052 541

—

—

—

—

123 055

1 562 402

104

1 118 550

1 633 993

90 382

243 082

32 673

1 319 320

—

—

—

—

3 022

2 683

164 738

57 747

63

30

42

28

108 313

3 411

22 964

19 320

2 838

2 487

27 915

27 475

91

126

5 546

7 540

130 823

239 870

1 236

3

441 029

903 939

13 726

16 415

7 599 849

11 402 221

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
p 154

NATURAL CAPITAL

Consumption 2012 (continued)

000t

Coal 

Arnot

Char/plant/
reductants

New 
Clydesdale 

North Block 
Complex

CO2 from electricity 
purchased

CO2 from diesel

CO2 from Sasol gas

CO2 from fugitive 
emissions

2012

2011

2010

2012

2011

2010

2012

2011

2010

2012

2011

2010

495,50

502,17

311,45

164,71

160,37

157,65

0,00

0,00

0,00

 77,87 

 74,97 

 85,83 

 48,69 

 46,47 

49,35

 1,45 

 3,88 

17,26

 0,54 

 0,62 

 1,16 

 – 

 5,90 

 5,32 

 0,23 

 0,18 

Durnacol

 0,09 

 0,09 

 0,08 

 0,19 

 0,33 

0,34

0,43

Grootegeluk

 248,31 

 252,33 

251,24

 61,58 

 54,27 

47,47

 14,19 

 15,24 

 15,03 

Hlobane

Inyanda

 0,00 

 0,00 

 0,01 

 0,10 

 0,12 

0,10

 7,25 

 6,90 

6,79

 12,31 

 14,60 

10,38

Leeuwpan

 23,22 

 23,75 

23,07

 44,88 

 44,99 

41,39

Matla

 119,93 

 116,89 

128,41

 5,12 

 4,74 

5,09

 0,94 

 1,00 

 0,91 

 2,48 

 2,96 

 2,34 

 47,35 

 43,90 

 53,15 

 15,56 

 14,58 

13,95

 1,78 

 6,04 

9,28

 7,09 

 6,13 

 8,88 

 5,87 

 5,17 

2,38

 25,46 

 23,83 

23,28

Tshikondeni

 26,58 

 30,07 

38,94

 11,62 

 7,39 

2,63

 1,36 

 1,25 

 1,42 

 3,92 

 3,87 

 2,94 

Mineral sands

573,38

974,90

961,48

 20,08 

39,20

36,91

10,68

13,76

12,87

 – 

 – 

 – 

KZN Sands

 248,43 

 340,20 

427,65

 1,86 

 4,14 

5,28

10,68

13,76

12,87

Namakwa 
Sands

 324,94 

 634,70  533,83

 18,22 

 35,06 

31,63

Base metals 

25,12

371,81

427,65

 1,99 

10,25

12,01

0,00

0,00

0,00

 – 

 – 

 – 

Glen Douglas

 – 

 – 

9,34

 – 

 – 

Rosh Pinah

 16,59 

 41,09 

 44,72 

 1,99 

 6,35 

Zincor

 8,53 

 330,72 

387,15

 – 

 3,90 

4,29

4,72

3,00

Corporate 
office

 23,41 

 13,87 

13,52

 0,08 

0,06

0,07

0,00

0,00

0,00

 – 

 – 

 – 

AlloyStream

 9,98 

 0,88 

 0,44 

 0,03 

Ferroalloys

 5,58 

 4,75 

Head office

 6,51 

 6,38 

 1,35 

 1,87 

R&D

Total

 – 

 – 

 0,02 

 0,01 

 0,04 

 0,02 

 0,02 

0,00

0,02

0,03

0,02

4,62

6,35

2,11

 1 117,41   1 862,75  1 923,75  186,86  209,88

206,64

10,68

13,76

12,87

 77,87 

 74,97 

 85,83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 155

CO2 from paraffin

CO2 from anthracite

CO2 from other energy 
sources

Total CO2 emissions

2012

2011

2010

2012

2011

2010

2012

2011

2010

2012

2011

2010

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

1,22

0,21

 0,61 

 3,63 

739,30

 738,12 

758,57

 0,20 

 0,22 

50,89

 51,17 

67,99

 0,23 

 0,28 

 6,08 

 0,42 

5,66

 0,51 

0,48

 0,20 

 1,87 

324,56

 322,04 

315,61

 0,10 

 0,12 

 0,11 

 0,53 

 20,50 

 22,50 

18,61

0,02

 0,33 

 70,60 

 71,70 

67,13

0,20 

 0,21 

 0,23 

 172,60 

 165,74 

186,88

0,03

 24,45 

 26,75 

32,11

 0,10 

 32,69 

 30,25 

 27,10 

0,28

 0,35 

 42,40 

 41,33 

33,86

 9,91 

 18,18 

 18,16 

 57,70 

 118,27 

 164,32 

 – 

 4,95 

 7,75 

671,74  1 169,26 

201,43

 86,77 

 1,54 

260,97

 359,64 

532,57

 9,91 

 18,18 

 18,16 

57,70

 118,27 

 77,55 

 3,41 

 7,75 

410,77

 809,62 

668,92

 0,00 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

0,01

 1,00 

 2,98 

 27,12 

 383,06 

452,29

 0,45 

 – 

 – 

 14,08 

 0,00 

0,01

 0,09 

 0,10 

 18,59 

 47,53 

45,63

 0,91 

 2,43 

 8,53 

 335,53 

392,58

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

 1,51 

 0,41 

24,65

 15,44 

14,00

0,88

0,06

0,19

0,01

 10,90 

 5,66 

 1,51 

 0,41 

 6,71 

 1,38 

 0,88 

 4,75 

 7,93 

 1,89 

0,44

4,64

6,80

2,12

 9,92 

 18,18 

 18,16 

 57,70 

 118,27 

 164,32 

 1,14 

 8,07 

 14,77   1 462,81 

 2 305,88  2 406,34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
p 156

NATURAL CAPITAL

Review of mineral resources and reserves
The mineral resources and ore reserves underpinning Exxaro’s current operations and 
growth projects are summarised in the tables on pages 160 to 187. Mineral resources 
are reported inclusive of those mineral resources which have been converted to ore 
reserves and at 100%, irrespective of the percentage attributable to Exxaro, except 
in the case of Gamsberg and Black Mountain, because figures received from Vedanta 
(JORC Code 2004) represent resources exclusive of reserves. Significant changes 
in the resource or reserve figures are explained by relevant footnotes to each table. 
As a result of the Tronox transaction, which included KZN Sands, Namakwa Sands 
and Tiwest, Exxaro owns more than 44% of Tronox, but this has an impact on the 
mineral resources and reserves owned by Exxaro as shown in the attached tables. 
It is also important to note that Rosh Pinah mine has been excluded, because it was 
sold to Glencore in 2012. Resource estimations are based on resource models, which 
incorporate all new validated geological information, updated geological models and 
if applicable, revised resource definitions and classifications. The resource models 
are compiled as a rule between June and August of the reporting year. Ore reserves 
are estimated using the relevant modifying factors at the time of reporting (mining, 
metallurgical, economic, marketing, legal, environmental, social and regulatory 
requirements). Mineral resources in which Exxaro held the controlling interest have 
been reviewed in 2012 to comply with “reasonable and realistic prospects for eventual 
economic extraction” (SAMREC Code 2007).

Exxaro uses a systematic review process that measures the level of maturity of the 
exploration work done, the extent of the geological potential, the mineability and 
associated risks/opportunities to establish an eventual extraction outline (EEO). 
Mineral resources and ore reserves quoted fall within existing Exxaro Resources 
mine or prospecting rights. Mining rights are of sufficient duration (or convey a legal 
right to convert or renew for sufficient duration) to enable all reserves to be mined in 
accordance with current production schedules. Mineral resources and ore reserves 
were estimated by competent persons on an operational basis and in accordance 
with the SAMREC Code (2007) for South African properties and the JORC Code 
(2004) for Australian properties. Ore reserves in the context of this report have the 
same meaning as “mineral reserves”, as defined by the SAMREC Code 2007. All the 
competent persons have sufficient relevant experience in the style of mineralisation, 
type of deposit, mining method and activity for which they have taken responsibility, 
to qualify as a “competent person” as defined in these codes at the time of reporting. 
These competent persons have signed off their respective estimates in the original 
mineral resources and ore reserve statements for the various operations and consent 
to the inclusion of the information in this report in the form and context in which it 
appears. A list of Exxaro’s competent persons is available from the company secretary 
on written request.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 157

The processes and calculations associated with the estimate have been audited by 
internal competent persons and are audited by external consultants when deemed 
essential to establish transparency. In the case of mines or projects in which Exxaro 
does not hold the controlling interest, figures have been compiled by competent 
persons from the applicable companies and have not been audited by Exxaro. 
Resource and reserve estimation at Exxaro mines or projects outside Africa was done 
by competent persons as defined by the JORC Code (2004).

The person within Exxaro designated to take corporate responsibility for mineral 
resources and reserves, HJ van der Berg, the undersigned, has reviewed and endorsed 
the reported estimates.

HJ van der Berg
MSc (Geology), BSc (Hons) Pr Sci Nat (400099/01)
Manager: Mineral Assets

4 March 2013

p 158

NATURAL CAPITAL

Commentary
Exxaro’s tenure over its mineral assets as listed in the tables was audited and is 
confirmed. The mining rights for Arnot and for Glisa were executed in 2012. The mining 
right for Tshikondeni, as well as for Matla and Strathrae, still needs to be scheduled 
for execution, but Exxaro has written confirmation from the DMR that the mining 
licence in all three instances has been converted to a mining right. The execution of 
these rights is expected to happen early in 2013. Conflicting applications over Exxaro’s 
mining and prospecting rights, which had been a constant concern over the past two 
years, have been addressed through the right channels. The DMR has introduced an 
electronic submission process, which although not perfect yet, identifies existing 
prospecting and mining rights and automatically prevents overlapping applications 
for the same mineral. A bigger issue has arisen as a result of the lack of transparency 
between the Department of Mineral Resources and the Department of Energy, which 
results in exploration rights for natural gas being granted over existing coal mining and 
prospecting rights without any prior consultation. This matter is being addressed.

It is critical for Exxaro management and investors to have a high level of confidence 
in the company’s mineral assets and to have the assurance that these resources and 
reserves will deliver the expected value. Therefore, a mineral asset policy was drafted 
and approved by the Exxaro board in 2012. This policy is being implemented through 
procedures and governance measures designed to achieve this goal, while the drive to 
add additional good-quality mineral assets will continue.

Exxaro is keenly aware of the importance of its mineral assets, both for the short-
term profitability of its operations and the sustainability of the company into the 
future. The optimisation of mineral assets beyond what is generally referred to as 
mineral resource management is being driven as a priority. Changes in the resources 
market, increased awareness of protecting the natural environment and changing 
legislation and statutory requirements demand a change in the utilisation strategy and 
execution of mining and prospecting operations. The mining industry in South Africa 
has to adhere to the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act (MPRDA), 
the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA), the National Water Act (NWA) 
and the Mine Health and Safety Act (MHSA), which all have a direct impact on the 
utilisation of the mineral assets of the country.

Although everybody agrees that the different legislations are necessary, the devil lies 
in implementation and sometimes conflicting objectives. The most significant impact 
of, for example, NEMA is the sterilisation of high-quality mineral resources, which will 
be lost for future generations. As an example, the coal resources sterilised in existing 
mines as a result of environmental legislation shorten the life of the mine, which is a 
waste of invested capital and loss of jobs. The growing demand for electricity implies 
that the sterilised reserves must sooner than necessary be replaced by coal from new 
mines, with additional impact on the environment and agricultural land. Unfortunately, 
in most cases the sterilised coal is also lost for future generations and the concern 
should be how justifiable and responsible is the loss? To protect the environment and 
agriculture, but also manage mineral resources optimally, is going to require great 
insight and meaningful cooperation between government, mining, agriculture and 
environment sectors.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 159

A constructive way of growing and strengthening Exxaro is to expand into other 
strategically important mineral commodities. Hard coking coal and iron ore have 
been in Exxaro’s growth strategy from the beginning. Exxaro has a 50% share in the 
Moranbah South project, a hard coking coal deposit in Australia. This is regarded as a 
world-class resource and is at feasibility study stage. The iron ore market is expected 
to remain strong and grow extensively over the next 50 years, but high-grade iron ore 
in the major iron ore provinces such as the Northern Cape, the Pilbara (Australia) and 
even the huge Brazilian deposits is being depleted continuously and at an increasing 
rate. Good iron ore assets are therefore in high demand among large international 
mining houses and extremely expensive to acquire. As a result, Exxaro has targeted 
deposits, which can be upgraded through beneficiation to a high-grade product and 
smaller high-grade deposits, which were not favoured by the major direct shipping 
iron ore producers. Over the past four years, an extensive search programme was 
launched to identify and evaluate available deposits and to acquire a suitable iron ore 
project. This objective has been achieved by acquiring a major part of the Mayoko iron 
ore deposits in the Republic of Congo. The mineral resource is large enough to sustain 
a significant annual production (10Mtpa) for 30 years and more. An enriched surface 
deposit overlying the main orebody provides an opportunity to begin production and 
enter the market quickly. Internationally, the appetite for these deposits is growing and 
within the next decade, the market value of these deposits will increase substantially.

In conclusion, the company’s mineral resources and reserves value statement: Exxaro’s 
mineral resources and reserves represent the company’s fundamental value to be 
treated with responsibility and respect. Accountable mining is focused on achieving 
this goal through teamwork by people who are empowered to grow and participate and 
are committed to excellence and honest responsibility.

p 160

NATURAL CAPITAL

Coal

Coal resources
The table below details the total inclusive Coal Resources estimated as at 31 December 2012.

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro2

Resource 
category

2012

Tonnes 
(million)3,5

Commodity

Operation1

Arnot mine (UG/OC) 
(captive market)

Matla mine (>18MJ/kg, 
26% DAV)6 (UG)
(captive market)

Matla mine (Low CV 15-
18MJ/kg, 30% Ash)7 (UG)
(captive market)

100

100

100

a
g
n
a
l
a
m
u
p
M

Inyanda mine8 (OC)

100

Leeuwpan mine (OC)

100

Mafube mine9 (OC)

50

NBC mine10 (OC)
(North Block Complex)

NCC mine (OC/UG)
(New Clydesdale)

100

100

Glisa South project (OC)
(prospecting)

100

Belfast project (UG/OC)
(prospecting)

100

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

187,8
42,8
29,6

260,2

344,1
253,3
192,1

789,5

53,1
40,4
98,3

191,7

5,71

5,71

150,4

150,4

116,5
38,4
37,5

192,5

34,4
0,0
1,3

35,7

31,2
23,3

54,5

20,0
47,1
9,4

76,5

83,2
24,2
25,9

133,3

Grade4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
–
–

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
–

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 161

2011

Tonnes 
(million)3,5

161,2
46,3
51,5

259,1

107,3
523,7
179,7

810,7

32,8
111,0
39,1

182,9

7,8

7,8

153,7
2,7

156,4

107,6
7,4
51,4

166,4

31,2
4,7
4,2

40,1

30,8
23,3

54,1

20,0
47,1
9,4

76,5

83,2
24,2
25,9

133,3

Grade4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
–
–

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
–

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

% 
change

0,4

(2,6)

4,8

(26,8)

(3,8)

15,7

(11,0)

0,8

—

—

p 162

NATURAL CAPITAL

Coal

Coal resources (continued)

Commodity

Operation1

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro2

Grootegeluk mine (OC)

100

Resource 
category

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Grootegeluk West project 
(OC)
(prospecting)

Waterberg North project 
(OC)
(prospecting)

Waterberg South project 
(OC)
(prospecting)

100

Measured

Indicated
Inferred

Total

100

Measured

Indicated
Inferred

Total

100

Measured

Tshikondeni mine (UG/OC)
(captive market)

100

Moranbah South project11 
(prospecting)

50

Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

o
p
o
p
m
L

i

a
i
l
a
r
t
s
u
A

2012

Tonnes 
(million)3,5

2 476
1 585
735

4 795

2 579
2 249

4 828

2 253

2 253

895

895

5,3
25,1

30,4

349,6
302,3
50,8

702,6

Grade4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

—

—
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

—

—
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
—

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained
1  Mining method: OC — open-cut, UG — underground
2 
3 

Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2012 only
 The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt. Coal Resources are quoted on a Mineable Tonnage In-Situ (MTIS) and 
on an air-dried basis

4  Coal qualities are reported in Table 1 and are quoted on a Mineable Tonnage In-situ (MTIS) and on an air-dried basis
5  Coal Resources are quoted Inclusive of Coal Resources that have been modified to Coal Reserves unless otherwise stated
6 
7 

The movement within the categories is primarily the result of an extensive drilling programme undertaken during the reporting period
 An amount of coal from Seam 4, which is below the cut-off used to define Matla’s coal Resources, is utilised at Matla mine 3 therefore it is reported 
separately
The increase of 0,49Mt, drilling and update of geological model, is offset by mining (2,58Mt) resulting in a net decrease of 2,09Mt
 The figures were received from Anglo American Thermal Coal and were not audited by Exxaro. The increase is the result of additional drilling and the 
upgrade of Seam 4 due to the viability of a lower quality product

8 
9 

10  The decrease of 4,4Mt is the result of mining (4,2Mt) and a change in classification methodology
11 

 Estimates are received from Anglo American Metallurgical Coal Proprietary Limited and not audited by Exxaro. The increase is the result of a revised 
classification methodology

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 163

2011

Tonnes 
(million)3,5

2 523
1 539
787

4 849

2 579
2 249

4 828

2 253

2 253

895

895

7,4
25,4

32,8

191,5
307,1
128,5

627,1

Grade4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

—

—
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

—

—
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
—

Raw coal4

Raw coal4
Raw coal4
Raw coal4

Raw coal4

% 
change

(1,1)

—

—

—

(7,3)

12,0

p 164

NATURAL CAPITAL

Coal
Coal resource qualities

Table 1

Operation

Arnot mine

Matla mine

Inyanda mine

Leeuwpan mine

Mafube mine

NBC mine

Seam/Layer/
Formation

Seam 2
Seam 1

Seam 2
Seam 4
Low CV seam 4

Main reserve
Pegasus reserve

TC2
BC2

Seam 2
Seam 1
Seam 4

Glisa
Stratrae east
Eerstelingsfontein

Glisa South project

NCC mine

Total seams

Belfast project

Seam 4
Seam 3
Seam 2

Grootegeluk mine

Volksrust Formation
Vryheid Formation

Grootegeluk West 
project

Volksrust Formation
Vryheid Formation

Waterberg North 
project

Volksrust Formation
Vryheid Formation

Waterberg South 
project

Volksrust Formation
Vryheid Formation

Tshikondeni mine

Moranbah project

Goonyella Middle Seam 
(GM)

Tonnes 
(Mt)1

 CV MJ/kg

183,5
7,3

87,6
256,6
53,1

4,66
1,05

87,6
62,8

100,4
16,1

30,1
0,5
3,7

20,0

31,2

2,2
6,3
74,7

1 774
702

23,78
25,12

23,52
19,78
17,05

25,32
22,28

16,60
23,90

22,74
20,45

19,00
24,70
24,34

19,03

24,27

15,93
21,47
24,77

12,35
22,88

Measured resource

%VM

24,22
30,13

23,80
22,51
20,27

23,73
21,67

17,50
21,80

22,40
22,60

21,27
22,90
22,60

20,28

22,72

20,93
23,01
23,06

19,39
22,06

%Ash

20,85
19,21

20,93
30,30
36,00

20,90
24,00

40,10
22,10

23,68
30,91

32,02
19,00
18,26

31,96

23,10

40,21
27,85
18,26

55,46
28,19

%S

0,95
1,12

0,86
0,99
0,94

1,13
1,62

0,90
1,10

1,00
0,90

0,78
0,80
0,85

0,86

1,44

1,26
1,07
1,10

1,03
2,10

Tonnes 
(Mt)1

41,5
1,3

124,1
129,2
40,4

26,2
12,2

47,1

23,3

1,0
1,8
21,3

1318
267

2 150
430

5,3

349,6

30,59

26,28

21,86

18,80

24,55

24,60

0,70

0,57

25,1

302,3

VM — volatile matter, S — sulphur, CV — calorific value
Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
Coal qualities are quoted on a Mineable Tonnage In-Situ (MTIS) and on an air-dried basis
1  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt 
2  TC Top Coal, BC Bottom Coal

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 165

Indicated resource

Inferred resource

2012

 CV MJ/kg

 24,08
25,55

23,41
20,07
17,31

%VM

 24,63
30,72

23,97
22,26
19,87

%Ash

19,80 
17,79

20,50
28,67
38,51

%S

 0,97
1,14

0,82
1,04
1,14

21,76
18,79

22,34
20,79

21,76
35,75

0,90
0,90

21,59

21,67

29,40

1,37

19,03

22,73

13,48
21,14
24,10

13,09
22,04

11,13
20,37

20,87

20,71

19,10
22,82
22,82

19,83
22,23

19,30
21,87

31,78

28,36

47,83
28,56
19,92

54,31
28,36

56,88
32,11

0,95

0,94

1,11
1,59
1,08

1,05
2,17

0,88
2,23

Tonnes 
(Mt)1

 CV MJ/kg

29,0
0,6

114,0
78,1
98,3

7,3
10,5
19,7

1,3

 24,63
25,24

21,72
20,08
17,23

21,60
17,39
15,73

19,34

%VM

24,60
29,61

22,64
22,51
20,00

22,70
19,67
19,50

21,37

%Ash

 18,66
18,36

24,97
28,70
33,97

26,99
40,56
41,15

31,28

%S

0,88 
1,84

1,23
0,90
0,92

0,90
0,90
0,91

0,69

9,4

20,96

21,55

27,63

1,04

2,3
1,1
22,5

560
174

1800
448

1468
785

354
541

12,78
20,74
22,90

13,03
23,10

10,09
19,48

10,83
18,05

14,14
17,12

19,21
22,79
21,91

19,08
21,23

18,73
21,61

19,01
21,69

23,18
21,58

50,06
29,32
22,70

55,30
29,06

58,81
34,16

56,80
36,19

44,93
36,11

0,88
1,16
1,06

1,22
1,97

0,88
2,12

0,87
1,75

1,08
2,12

30,80

27,28

22,00

21,80

24,00

21,80

0,70

0,55

50,8

27,83

17,40

20,00

0,54

p 166

NATURAL CAPITAL

Coal

Coal reserves
The table below details the total coal reserves estimated as at 31 December 2012

Commodity

Operation1

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro5

Reserve 
category

ROM 

(Mt)2,3

Arnot mine7 (UG) 100
(captive market)

Matla mine8 (UG) 100
(captive market)

a
g
n
a
l
a
m
u
p
M

Inyanda mine9 
(OC)

100

Leeuwpan mine 
(OC)10

100

Mafube mine11 
(OC)

50

Proved
Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources in 
LoMP6

Proved
Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources in 
LoMP6

Proved
Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources in 
LoMP6

Proved
Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources in 
LoMP6

Proved
Probable

Total

17,0
24,9

41,9

0,5

145,3
96,7

242,0

39,8

4,29
0,96

5,25

—

65,7
76,7

142,4

—

12,1
70,7

82,8

2012

Saleable product (Mt)2,4

Coking 

Thermal  Metallurgical

N/A
N/A

N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A

38,5
3,7

42,2

0,5

144,6
96,2

240,8

N/A
N/A

N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A

A-grade export steam coal

2,93
0,69

3,62

Export

Thermal  Metallurgical 

3,0
2,0

5,0

19,4
21,4

40,8

12,4
20,3

32,7

Export

Thermal  Metallurgical 

5,8
24,2

30,0

2,4
21,2

23,6

N/A
N/A

N/A

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 167

Life of 
mine plan 
(LoMP) 
(years)

 % 
change

(6,9)

12,0

(11,0)

26,0

(26,9)

2,3

2011

ROM 

(Mt)2,3

Saleable product (Mt)2,4

Coking 

Thermal 

Metallurgical

N/A
N/A

N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A

37,1
7,7

44,8

28,6
241,8

270,4

N/A
N/A

N/A

N/A
N/A

N/A

A-grade export steam coal

4,33
0,69

5,02

37,3
7,7

45,0

7,3

28,7
243,1

271,8

57,0

6,22
0,96

7,18

—

72,4
73,6

146,0

—

24,8
66,6

91,3

Export

Thermal 

Metallurgical 

3,7
—

3,7

24,1
21,4

45,5

11,6
20,3

31,9

(2,5)

17,0

Export

Thermal 

Metallurgical 

11,6
22,2

33,8

6,8
25,0

31,8

N/A
N/A

N/A

(9,3)

13,8

p 168

NATURAL CAPITAL

Coal

Coal reserves (continued)

Commodity

Operation1

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro5

Reserve 
category

ROM 

(Mt)2,3

NBC mine (OC)
(North Block 
Complex)

100

Proved
Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources  
in LoMP6

NCC mine12 (UG/
OC)
(New 
Clydesdale)

a
g
n
a
l
a
m
u
p
M

100

Proved

Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources  
in LoMP6

Belfast project13 
(UG/OC)
(prospecting)

100

Proved

Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources  
in LoMP6

14,3
3,2

17,5

–

3,5

–

3,5

–

–

67,3

67,3

0,8

2012

Saleable product (Mt)2,4

Coking 

Thermal  Metallurgical

N/A
N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

–

35,4

35,4

8,6
3,2

11,8

2,2

2,2

–

21,6

21,6

N/A
N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 169

2011

Saleable product (Mt)2,4

Coking 

Thermal 

Metallurgical

N/A
N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

–

35,4

35,4

7,7
3,9

11,6

5,1

0,9

6,0

–

21,6

21,6

N/A
N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Life of 
mine plan 
(LoMP) 
(years)

 % 
change

9,5

4,5

(59,2)

2,5

—

21,1

ROM 

(Mt)2,3

10,8
5,2

16,0

0,98

6,9

1,8

8,7

–

–

67,3

67,3

0,8

p 170

NATURAL CAPITAL

Coal

Coal reserves (continued)

Commodity

Operation1

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro5

Reserve 
category

ROM 

(Mt)2,3

Grootegeluk 
mine (OC)

100

Proved

o
p
o
p
m
L

i

Tshikondeni 
mine14 
(UG/OC)
(captive market)

Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources  
in LoMP6

100

Proved

Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources in 
LoMP6

2 083

999

3 082

390

1,2

—

1,2

2012

Saleable product (Mt)2,4

Coking

Thermal  Metallurgical 

83

61

145

0,6

—

0,6

979

419

1 398

N/A

N/A

N/A

76

21

97

N/A

N/A

N/A

Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained
1  Mining method: OC — open-cut, UG — underground
2 
3 

4 

5 
6 
7 

The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt
 Coal Reserves are quoted on a Run Of Mine (ROM) reserve tonnage basis which represents the tonnages delivered to the plant at an applicable moisture 
and quality
 Saleable reserve tonnage represents the product tonnes of coal available for sale on an applicable moisture basis. Qualities of Saleable Products are 
provided in Table 2
Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2012 only
Inferred Resources in Life of Mine Plan (LoMP) refer to Inferred Resources considered for the Life of Mine Plan
 The movement within the categories is the result of pending environmental authorisations at the Grootlaagte and Schoonoord reserve areas as well as 
structural complexities impacting on roof conditions at 8 Shaft. The Mooifontein OC has not been converted to reserves due to ongoing environmental 
and technical studies
The changes are as a result of mining, update of mine layout and the exclusion due to environmental assessments
The decrease is the result of mining (1,9Mt). Pegasus South has been classified as probable due to pending environmental authorisations

8 
9 
10  Reserve areas OL, OJ, OI and UB are reported as probable as the result of pending environmental studies
11 

 Figures were received from Anglo American Thermal Coal and were not audited by Exxaro. Changes are as a result of reclassification of the Pan 2 area 
in Springboklaagte pending the granting of the environmental approvals and removal of the Rooipan area
 A decrease of 5,2Mt is the result of mining (1,4Mt) and the removal of Haasfontein (OC, 2,11Mt) and Diepspruit pillars based on current 
economical viability
 The Reserve is classified as probable due to the pending approval of the conversion of a prospecting right to a mining right and associated pending 
environmental authorisations. Exxaro Coal has a reasonable expectation that such conversion will not be withheld. 

12 

13 

14  A decrease of 0,7Mt is the result of mining. Expected mine closure during 2014

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 171

2011

Saleable product (Mt)2,4

Coking

Thermal 

Metallurgical 

94

59

153

0,9

0,1

0,9

872

356

1 228

N/A

N/A

N/A

89

22

111

N/A

N/A

N/A

Life of 
mine plan 
(LoMP) 
(years)

 % 
change

5,8

30+

(35,3)

2,0

ROM 

(Mt)2,3

2 006

907

2 913

302

1,8

0,1

1,9

p 172

NATURAL CAPITAL

Coal reserve qualities

Table 2

Operatable

Arnot mine

Matla mine

Inyanda mine

Leeuwpan mine

Mafube mine

NBC

NCC mine

Belfast project

Grootegeluk mine

Tshikondeni mine

Seam/layer

Thermal saleable (proved + probable)

 Tonnes 
(Mt)1

CV MJ/kg

%VM

%Ash

Seam 4
Seam 2

TC2
BC2

Middlings
Export

Glisa
Strathrae East
Eerstelingsfontein

Thermal
Export

Volksrust Formation
Vryheid Formation

42,9

149,6
92,4

3,62

40,9

23,6
30,0

14,2
0,5
2,7

2,17

21,6
35,4

907
491

22,1

19,5
24,3

27,5 

21,8

22,9
27,5

21,8
24,7
23,3

26,6

22,9
27,4

21,5
22,7

22,5

20,3
24,0

25,0 

20,1

21,2
26,9

22,6
22,9
22,6

28,9

N/A
24,7

27,4
22,0

23,0

33,8
20,6

15,0 

24,6

22,6
11,5

24,7
19,0
18,3

15,1

N/A
12,0

31,2
28,4

%S

0,9

0,9
1,0

0,7 

0,4

0,7
0,4

0,7
0,8
0,7

0,6

N/A
0,4

0,9
2,0

Saleable reserve tonnage represents the product tonnes of coal available for sale on an applicable moisture and air-dried quality basis 
VM — volatile matter, S — sulphur, CV — calorific value
Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
1  Saleable product tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt
2  TC Top Coal BC Bottom Coal

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 173

2012

Metallurgical saleable (proved + probable)

Coking saleable (proved + probable)

 Tonnes 
(Mt)1

CV MJ/kg

%VM

%Ash

%S

 Tonnes 
(Mt)1

CV MJ/kg

%VM %Ash

%S

37,8

26,1

20,9

15,5

0,5

97

22,1

23,0

14,4

0,6

145

29,5

35,9

9,9

1,1

0,55

30,8

22,0

13,0

0,7

p 174

NATURAL CAPITAL

Base metals

Base metal resources
The table below details the total inclusive mineral base metal resources estimated as at 31 December 2012

Commodity Operation(1)

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro2

Resource 
Category

Tonnes 
(million)3

a
i
b
i
m
a
N

e
p
a
C
n
r
e
h
t
r
o
N

Rosh Pinah 
mine4 (UG)
(zinc and lead)

Black Mountain 
Mining5
Deeps mine6 
(UG)
(zinc, lead, 
copper and 
silver)

Swartberg  
mine7
(zinc, lead, 
copper and 
silver) (UG)

Gamsberg 
North mine 
(OC)
(zinc)

Measured

Indicated
Inferred

Total

26

Measured

Indicated

Inferred

Total

26

Measured

Indicated

Inferred

Total

26

Measured

Gamsberg East8 26
(project)
(zinc)

Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

2012

Grade

Sold

%Zn

%Pb

%Cu

Ag g/t

3,6

3,4

2,3

3,2

—

3,0

2,8

2,9

0,3

0,4

0,7

0,4

—

0,6

0,7

0,7

40,4

46,0

20,6

37,1

—

35,9

32,2

33,5

7,2

6,2

4,8

18,2

0,0

15,5

30,1

45,7

43,2

57,5
53,3

154,0

0,0
0,0
32,3

32,3

2,7

2,1

2,1

2,3

—

0,7

0,7

0,7

7,1

6,5
5,4

6,3

—
—
9,8

9,8

%Zn — percent zinc, %Cu — percent copper, %Pb — percent lead, Ag g/t — grams per tonne silver
Mineral Resources are quoted Inclusive of Mineral Resources that have been modified to Ore Reserves unless otherwise stated
Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained
1  Mining method: OC — open-cut, UG — underground
2  Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro
3  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt
4  Rosh Pinah mine has been sold
5  Estimates are received from Vendata Resources plc as at 30 September 2012 and not audited by Exxaro
6  Resources quoted are in addition to reported Ore Reserves
7  Resources will be updated in March 2013 with results of exploration programme conducted in 2012
8  Reserves will be declared once the feasibility study has been completed (in 2013)

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 175

Tonnes 
(million)3

3,8

5,0
6,6

15,5 

7,2

6,2

4,9

18,3

—

15,5

30,1

45,7

43,2

57,5
53,3

154,0

0,0
0,0
32,3

32,3

2011

Grade

%Zn

%Pb

8,9

6,8
8,2

7,9

2,1

2,3
1,0

1,7

%Zn

%Pb

Cu%

Ag g/t

3,6

3,4

2,3

3,2

—

3,0

2,8

2,9

0,3

0,4

0,7

0,4

—

0,6

0,7

0,7

40,4

46,0

20,8

37,1

—

35,9

32,2

33,5

2,7

2,1

2,1

2,3

—

0,7

0,7

0,7

7,1

6,5
5,4

6,3

—
—
9,8

9,8

% 
change

N/A

(0,4)

0

0

0

p 176

NATURAL CAPITAL

Base metals

Base metal reserves
The table below details the total inclusive base metal reserves estimated as at 31 December 2012

2012

Commodity Operation1

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro2

Reserve 
category

ROM 
(Mt)3

Grade

             Saleable product

Rosh Pinah 
Mine5 (UG)
Namibia

Black 
Mountain 
Mining

Deeps6
(UG)

)
d
a
e
l

d
n
a

c
n

i
z
(

)
r
e
v

l
i
s

d
n
a

r
e
p
p
o
c

,

d
a
e
l

,
c
n

i
z
(

Proved

Probable

Total

Sold

%Zn %Pb %Cu Ag g/t

Zinc 
metal 
(x 1,000t)

Lead 
metal 
(x 1,000t)

Copper 
metal 
(x 1,000t)

2,9

3,2

0,4

37,0

91,7

101,4

11,6

2,1

2,4

2,4

2,7

0,4

0,4

41,9

39,8

89,9

181,6

100,4

201,8

17,2

28,8

26

Proved

Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources 
in LoMP4

3,2

4,2

7,4

4,8

%Zn — percent zinc, %Cu — percent copper, %Pb — percent lead, Ag g/t — grams per tonne silver, NA — Not applicable
Reserves quoted are inclusive of reported Mineral Resources unless otherwise stated
Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained
1  Mining method: OC — open-cut, UG — underground
2  Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2012 only
3  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt
4 
5  Rosh Pinah has been sold
6  Figures received from Vendata Resources plc as at 30 September 2012 and not audited by Exxaro. The net decrease of 1,1Mt is the result of mining

Inferred Resources in Life of Mine Plan (LoMP) refer to Inferred Resources considered for the Life of Mine Plan

 
 
 
 
 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 177

2011

Grade

Saleable product

%Zn

%Pb

8,9

7,2

8,2

2,1

2,3

2,2

Zinc 
metal 
(x 1,000t)
232,2

Lead 
metal 
(x 1,000t)
53,3

159,3

391,5

51,3

104,6

%Zn

%Pb

%Cu

Ag g/t

Zinc 
metal 
(x 1,000t)

Lead 
metal 
(x 1,000t)

Copper 
metal 
(x 1,000t)

Silver 
metal 
(x 1,000t)

Life of 
mine plan 
(LoMP) 
(years)

%
change

N/A

% 
change

Life of 
mine plan 
(LoMP) 
(years)

3,0

2,2

2,6

3,4

2,5

2,9

0,4

39,0

117,1

133,1

14,5

153,4

0,4

0,4

41,8

100,3

40,3

217,4

112,6

245,6

18,8

33,3

189,8

343,2

(12,7)

7

ROM 
(Mt)3

2,6

2,2

4,8

3,9

4,5

8,5

9,6

Silver 
metal 
(x 1,000t)

118,9

175,6

294,5

p 178

NATURAL CAPITAL

Iron ore

Iron ore resources
The table below details the total inclusive iron ore resources estimated as at 31 December 2012

Commodity

Operation1

% attributable 
to Exxaro2

Resource category

Iron ore
Republic of Congo (RoC)

Mayoko mine (OC) 

100

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

%Fe refers to in-situ Fe content, %Fe — percent iron
Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained
1  Mining method: OC, lithological boundary used, no cut off grade applied
2   Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2012 only
3  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 179

2012

2011

Tonnes 
(million)3

Grade 
%Fe 

Tonnes 
(million)3

Grade
%Fe

%
change

40,2
245,0
400,2

685,4

45,7
34,3
32,7

34,0

Not reported

N/A

p 180

NATURAL CAPITAL

Mineral sands***

Mineral sands resources
The table below details the total inclusive mineral sands resources estimated as at 31 December 2012

Commodity

Operation1

% attributable 
to Exxaro2

Resource 
category

Hillendale Mine + Braeburn + Breaburn Extension4 (OC)

59,04

l
a
t
a
N
-
u

l

u
Z
a
w
K

n
r
e
t
s
a
E

e
p
a
C

o
p
o
p
m
L

i

Fairbreeze A+B+C+C Ext + D (OC)

Block P (OC)
(mining right)

Port Durnford project (OC)
(prospecting)

Eastern Cape project (OC)
(Nombanjana, Ngcizele,
Sandy Point old and recent)

Gravelotte sand5 (OC)
(mining right)

Gravelotte rock6 (OC)
(mining right)

Letsitele sand project (OC)
(prospecting)

Letsitele rock project (OC)
(prospecting)

59,04

59,04

59,04

59,04

100

100

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 181

2012

2011

Tonnes
(million)3

Grade

Tonnes 
(million)3

Grade

%
change

%Ilmenite

%Ilmenite

2,90

2,90

4,29
2,56
1,92

3,76

3,05

3,05

3,04
2,75
2,52

2,68

4,62
3,30
3,92

4,51

9,90

9,90

23,10
18,20

18,60

14,6
–
–

14,6

156,1
55,7
9,0

220,9

–
40,6
–

40,6

142,5
340,1
466,0

948,6

226,2
9,9
19,8

255,9

74,9

74,9

9,7
113,9

123,6

Divest

Divest

24,2
–
–

24,2

156,1
55,7
9,0

220,9

–
40,6
–

40,6

142,5
340,1
466,0

948,6

226,2
9,9
19,8

255,9

75,1
–
31,3

106,4

–
112,3

112,3

12,5
–
–

12,5

–
53,6
–

53,6

2,76

2,76

4,29
2,56
1,92

3,76

3,10

3,10

3,00
2,80
2,50

2,70

4,60
3,30
3,90

4,50

9,10
–
4,00

7,60

–
20,70

20,70

10,5
–
–

10,5

–
25,9
–

25,9

(39,6)

–

–

–

–

(29,6)

10,1

N/A

N/A

p 182

NATURAL CAPITAL

Mineral sands***

Mineral sands resources (continued)

l
a
t
a
N
-
u

l

u
Z
a
w
K

a
i
l
a
r
t
s
u
A

Tonnes 
(million)3

2012

Grade

%Ilmenite

%Zircon

0,79
0,62
0,61

0,72

Namakwa Sands 
mine (OC)

59,04

Tiwest 

Cooljarloo mine (OC)

44,65

Tiwest 

Cooljarloo west 
project7 (OC)
(prospecting)

Cooljarloo north 
west project7
(OC) (prospecting)

44,65

44,65

Jurien project (OC)
(mining right)

44,65

Dongara project8 
(OC)
(prospecting)

44,65

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

Measured
Indicated
Inferred

Total

509,6
257,4
142,3

909,3

170,8
196,8

367,6

65,1
34,0

99,1

79,5

79,5

25,6

25,6

106,3
12,8
37,9

157,0

3,11
2,55
2,38

2,84

%THM

2,1
1,9

2,0

%THM

2,1
2,0

2,1

1,8

1,8

6,0

6,0

4,0
4,5
3,9

4,0

***  Estimates are received from Tronox and not audited by Exxaro
%THM — percent Total Heavy Mineral
Mineral Sands Resources are quoted Inclusive of Mineral Sands Resources that have been modified to Mineral Sands Reserves unless otherwise stated
Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained
1 
 Mining method: OC — open-cut, UG — underground
2  Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2012 only
3  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt
4  The decrease of ~9Mt is the result of mining depletion (3,2Mt) and the removal of low potential resources in the peripheral parts of the ore body (6Mt)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 183

Tonnes 
(million)3

2011

Grade

%Ilmenite

%Zircon

%
change

0,61
0,72
0,58

0,64

434,7
360,7
82,0

877,4

207,3
192,8

399,9

111,0
86,0

197,0

—

—

25,6

25,6

55,2
12,0
15,9

83,1

2,90
2,72
2,59

2,79

%THM

2,1
1,9

2,1

%THM

1,8
1,8

1,8

6,0

6,0

4,5
4,8
4,0

4,5

3,6

(8,1)

(49,7)

N/A

—

88,9

5  New resource classification resulted in a movement of material from the measured to indicated category 

and the exclusion of 31,3Mt (pebble bed), previously in the inferred category

6  The increase is the result of additional drilling information obtained on farms Malati and Begin and an 

update of the geological model

7  The change is the result of a split into Cooljarloo West and North-west, because it makes geographical 

sense (occurrence of ore bodies in relation to Cooljarloo mine) as well as a change in economic parameters

8  The increase in resource is the result of new economical parameters used in ore definition

p 184

NATURAL CAPITAL

Mineral sands***

Mineral sands reserves
The table below details the total mineral sands reserves estimated as at 31 December 2012

Commodity Operation1

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro2

Reserve 
category

ROM 
(Mt)3

2012

Grade Total heavy mineral (THM) composition

%THM

%Ilmenite

%Rutile

%Zircon

l
a
t
a
N
-
u

l

u
Z
a
w
K

o
p
o
p
m
L

i

e
p
a
C
n
r
e
t
s
e
W

a
i
l
a
r
t
s
u
A

Hillendale 
mine5 (OC)

59,04

2,9
–

2,9

–

Proved
Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources 
in LoMP4

Fairbreeze 
A+B+C+ C 
ext.+D (OC)
(mining right)

Gravelotte 
sand6 (OC)
(mining right)

Namakwa 
sands 
Mine (OC)

59,04

Proved

114,3

Probable

25,4

139,6

3,0

Total

Inferred 
resources 
in LoMP4

100

Proved

Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources 
in LoMP4

–

–

–

–

59,04

Proved

271,9

Probable

160,3

432,2

49,6

Total

Inferred 
resources 
in LoMP4

Tiwest
– Cooljarloo 
mine (OC)7

44,65

Proved
Probable

170,8
57,9

Total

228,7

5,3
–

5,3

7,7

5,0

7,2

9,7

7,1

8,8

2,2
2,1

2,2

61,3
–

61,3

62,7

56,2

61,9

33,8

34,7

34,1

60,1
63,1

60,8

4,0
–

4,0

3,5

3,3

3,4

2,4

2,7

2,5

4,9
5,1

5,0

7,6
–

7,6

8,5

7,8

8,4

9,5

8,1

9,1

9,4
10,6

9,7

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 185

2011

ROM 

(Mt)(3)

Grade Total heavy mineral (THM) composition

%Leucoxene

%THM %Ilmenite

%Rutile %Zircon

% 
Leucoxene

2,0
–

2,0

7,3
–

7,3

–

1,7

114,3

1,5

1,7

5,2

6,0

5,4

25,4

139,6

3,0

52,4

–

52,4

–

185,5

272,4

457,9

4,4

2,7
2,9

207,0
57,7

2,7

264,7

5,9
–

5,9

7,7

5,0

7,2

13,0

–

13,0

9,7

7,8

8,6

2,2
2,1

2,2

56,1
–

56,1

62,7

56,2

61,9

85,0

–

85,0

33,8

36,8

35,5

59,3
56,1

58,6

3,9
–

3,9

3,5

3,3

3,4

2,6

2,4

2,6

5,0
4,7

5,0

7,1
–

7,1

8,5

7,8

8,4

9,7

9,5

9,6

9,3
9,5

9,4

2,0
–

2,0

1,7

1,5

1,7

7,2

6,0

6,5

2,7
3,0

2,8

Life of 
mine plan 
(LoMP) 
(years)

%
change 

(60,4)

1

10

–

–

N/A

(5,6)

31

(13,6)

11

p 186

NATURAL CAPITAL

Mineral sands***

Mineral sands reserves (continued)

Commodity Operation1

% 
attributable 
to Exxaro2

Reserve 
category

ROM 
(Mt)3

– Jurien project 
(OC)
(mining right)

44,65

a
i
l
a
r
t
s
u
A

Inferred 
resources 
in LoMP4

Proved
Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources 
in LoMP4

– Dongara 
project8 (OC)
(prospecting)

44,65

Proved

Probable

Total

Inferred 
resources 
in LoMP4

–

–
15,7

15,7

–

64,6

–

64,6

–

2012

Grade Total heavy mineral (THM) composition

%THM

%Ilmenite

%Rutile

%Zircon

–
7,9

7,9

5,1

–

5,1

–
53,6

53,6

48,9

–

48,9

–
6,8

6,8

6,1

–

6,1

–
10,4

10,4

11,2

–

11,2

*** Estimates are received from Tronox and not audited by Exxaro
%THM — percent Total Heavy Minerals
Rounding-off of figures may cause computational discrepancies
All changes more than 10% (significant) are explained
1  Mining method: OC — open-cut, UG — underground
2  Figures are reported at 100% irrespective of percentage attributable to Exxaro and refer to 2012 only
3  The tonnages are quoted in metric tonnes and million tonnes is abbreviated as Mt
4 
5  The decrease is as a result of mining depletion (3,21Mt), model refinement (1,2Mt) and the removal of low potential resources in the peripheral parts of the 

Inferred Resources in Life of Mine Plan (LoMP) refer to Inferred Resources considered for the Life of Mine Plan

ore body

6  Reserves currently under review
7  The decrease in the reserve is the result of mining
8  The increase in mineral reserves (35,1Mt) is the result of new economical parameters used in ore definition

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 187

2011

ROM 

(Mt)(3)

Grade Total heavy mineral (THM) composition

%Leucoxene

%THM %Ilmenite

%Rutile %Zircon

% 
Leucoxene

Life of 
mine plan 
(LoMP) 
(years)

%
change 

–

–
15,7

15,7

29,5

–

29,5

–

–
2,3

2,3

2,8

–

2,8

–
7,9

7,9

7,3

–

7,3

–
54,0

54,0

48,6

–

48,6

–
6,8

6,8

7,0

–

7,0

–
10,0

10,0

10,1

–

10,1

–
2,3

2,3

2,0

–

2,0

–

5

119,0

20

09

social
capital

The Ikageng Arts and Craft project at Grootegeluk provides business development for entrepreneurs

p 190

SOCIAL CAPITAL

People — partnering with communities
Objective: To be a powerful source of value for Exxaro and surrounding communities, 
based on the principles of integrated sustainable development

Strategy

Risk

Opportunity

Target

Community 
activism

To produce and 
implement an Exxaro 
social compact 
framework that will 
ensure we go beyond 
compliance 

To manage community 
expectations

Community 
activism

To develop and roll 
out local economic 
development initiatives 
and sustainable related 
projects 

Social 
licence to 
operate 
breach

Through the Exxaro 
social compact, we 
will develop a body of 
best-practice evidence 
of community and 
business development 
and growth 

Effective and 
transparent stakeholder 
engagement

Implement against 
approved milestones

Policy being 
finalised for 
implementation 
in 2013

Continuous

As per milestones

To optimise 
stakeholder 
engagement at 
operational level

Community 
activism

Effective and 
transparent stakeholder 
engagement

Continuous

To proactively manage 
SHEC risks 

Community 
activism

Develop a risk model

Completed in 2012

Roll out SEAT

Local economic development

Our community activities are directly linked to our strategy by ensuring Exxaro’s 
sustainability, and protecting and building its reputation by fostering mutually 
beneficial relationships with local communities (defined as one in the immediate area 
of Exxaro’s operations and from major labour-sending areas).

In considering any project, our overarching objective is to alleviate poverty and 
improve the life of identified communities. This is even more important given the 
rural location of most of our operations — areas characterised by the high level of 
unemployment and related development needs.

Local economic development projects refer to deploying funds, goods and labour to 
provide sustainable services for the local community that can be owned, managed 
and maintained by that community. Unlike a donation, Exxaro’s role extends beyond 
funding to active involvement in how these funds are used, as well as a project 
management role.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 191

In South Africa, all mining groups are required to have social and labour plans 
supporting targets in the mining charter. Exxaro’s social and labour plan strategy 
describes each plan as a set of initiatives designed to minimise any negative social 
impacts and maximise the positive social opportunities of mining operations. The 
objective is to ensure real sustainable development and growth in communities.

An important element in Exxaro’s approach is generating new non-mining economic 
opportunities in identified local communities, particularly for local BEE companies 
and SMEs owned by disadvantaged groups. Our role is to ensure measures are in place 
to support the establishment and growth of SMEs and to develop effective links with 
funded, accredited training and development institutions.

In terms of local economic development, Exxaro implements social responsibility 
strategies that reflect ongoing commitment from the company via the Exxaro 
Chairman’s Fund and Exxaro Foundation, aimed at entrenching the group as a caring 
corporate citizen in the community.

In line with policy, we encourage volunteerism and participation in local economic 
development projects to create a culture of socially conscious employees.

Exxaro’s sustainable development activities, including local economic initiatives and 
donations, are focused on areas that are relevant and strategic to South Africa’s socio-
economic development. Accordingly, we are currently focusing on:

•  Formal education

•  Skills development and capacity building

•  Enterprise development

•  Health and welfare

• 

Infrastructure (related to local economic projects)

•  Agriculture.

In considering any project, our overarching objective is to alleviate poverty and improve the life of our communities

p 192

SOCIAL CAPITAL

All our social and labour plans for the period 2007 to 2012 were approved by the 
Department of Mineral Resources, with certain objectives still being implemented in 
2013. Unfulfilled commitments, where still relevant and practical, will be included in 
the social and labour plans 2013–2017. These plans focus on communities close to our 
operations, as well as major labour-sending areas, to ensure they benefit from the 
mine’s presence in multiple ways. As part of this process, existing plans for all mining 
operations were audited and results reported to the executive committee in October 
2012. In addition, mining charter compliance reports per mining operation were 
finalised and presented to the executive committee.

Contributions by Exxaro 
Chairman’s Fund and Exxaro 
Foundation — 2012

In 2012, Exxaro allocated R60 million to local economic development initiatives under 
way, including corporate projects and other initiatives (2011: R52 million). Because of 
unavoidable delays, we only spent R34,2 million of the allocated funds. The difference 
carries over to the new financial year.

Most of our initiatives stem from identified community needs and are considered 
against the local municipality’s integrated development plan.

Exxaro’s five-year local economic development projects focus on enterprise 
development, infrastructure development, education and skills development. 

Education and skills development
Education and skills development is a priority in South Africa, given the ongoing 
shortage of skills in critical sectors and poor quality of public education. Exxaro, like 
most of the private sector in the country, is contributing to the broader education field 
to counter constrained government spending.

From building individual classrooms to equipping laboratories or offering bridging 
courses, Saturday schools and bursaries, we believe the contributions of the private 
sector are playing a valuable role in educating learners and giving individuals the 
opportunity to reach their full potential. We fully acknowledge that more needs to be 
done and, where possible, are working closely with educational departments to make 
a real difference.

Projects
In terms of the group’s social and labour plans, Exxaro has 42 local economic 
development projects unfolding over a five-year period. These are being implemented 
in conjunction with all relevant stakeholders to ensure a collaborative approach. 
The number of jobs being created through these projects exceeds 235, indirectly 
benefiting over 1 175 people.

 Education — 24%

  Sustainable development — 3%

 Environment — 4%

  Health and welfare — 2%

   Enterprise development — 28%

   Infrastructure — 34%

 Skills development — 5%

Total: R50 million

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 193

Some of the projects under way across our group are summarised below.

Siyathuthuka Butterfield bakery project
The Siyathuthuka Butterfield bakery project in Belfast is a good example of a legacy 
project meeting its objectives. Since September 2011, Exxaro has invested over 
R2 million into the Butterfield bakery franchise, now generating solid monthly turnover 
from a 100% black locally owned bakery outlet. The project benefits 16 people 
directly — including six women and one disabled person — and 64 people indirectly. 
The project also adds economic benefits for community members, schools and feeding 
programmes which now have access to fresh bread at affordable prices.

Located roughly 5km from the Siyathuthuka community in Belfast, Mpumalanga, 
the bakery is easily accessible to local residents. Most importantly, the project 
complements the country-wide need for food security and enterprise development 
in communities affected by poverty and unemployment.

The Siyathuthuka Butterfield bakery project in Belfast benefits 16 people directly, and 64 people indirectly

p 194

SOCIAL CAPITAL

The Saturday school project helps 315 learners each year to benefit educationally and to receive one fresh 
healthy meal a day

Saturday school project — Belfast
The quality of South Africa’s maths and science education urgently needs to be 
addressed to support our national growth and development goals, and Exxaro has 
focused on addressing this challenge.

The Waterval Boven circuit in Belfast, near our North Block Complex mine, had a 
poor performance history in grade 12 results. The Saturday school project helps 
315 learners each year to benefit educationally and to receive one fresh healthy meal 
a day. The project also directly benefits three women employed as food handlers, 
12 educators and six transport businesses, with 84 people and 315 households 
benefiting indirectly.

Since inception, the project has improved results from 40% to 74% in 2011 and 72% in 
2012. Exxaro is funding the project fully, spending about R900 000 a year for learners’ 
transport and catering, and paying a stipend to the teachers.

Boitlhamo construction development
The town of Lephalale is currently undergoing massive industrial development, 
especially in the energy sector with the construction of Medupi power station and 
Exxaro’s expanded mining activities at Grootegeluk to support the power station. 
This rapid development has increased demand for housing, in turn creating a business 
opportunity in the construction industry.

Exxaro established and funded a brick-producing enterprise, investing over R1,3 million 
to produce a monthly turnover that currently benefits 24 local residents. This is 
expected to increase to 52 people when the project reaches optimal production. 
The project is a 100% youth-owned enterprise and self-sustaining.

Mohlasedi poultry farm
Lephalale municipality comprises 38 villages, largely characterised by poverty 
and unemployment. At times, even the cost of transport to town is a challenge and 
residents are thus unable to get affordable and fresh food. To bring the food source 
closer to the villagers, Exxaro invested R1,5 million to establish a poultry enterprise.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 195

Exxaro invested R1,5 million to establish the Mohlasedi poultry enterprise

With appropriate infrastructure, tools and training, broiler production started in 2010, 
and egg laying followed in 2011. Today the project is independent of Grootegeluk’s 
support as it generates enough monthly turnover to pay its operational costs. Ten local 
people benefit directly and 40 indirectly. It also benefits the local community as they 
no longer have to travel to town for poultry.

Developing the body of knowledge
In terms of corporate commitments, Exxaro contributed over R11,9 million in 2012 via 
corporate projects, including four university chairs, skills development initiatives, 
education and membership fees to national and international bodies such as the 
National Business Initiative, WWF and the Peace Parks Foundation.

p 196

SOCIAL CAPITAL

We are particularly committed to developing the body of knowledge at tertiary level by 
funding chairs in carefully selected disciplines.

At present, Exxaro is funding four university chairs:

•  Exxaro chair in business and climate change (Unisa) — to promote and advance 
research, teaching and advocacy-orientated community engagements in this field, 
especially in developing economies.

Background and progress during the year
Research themes for this chair include:

—  Carbon accounting and footprinting

—  Business response to climate change in key industry sectors in South Africa, 
including mining, finance and insurance, retail, agriculture and automotive

—  Integrated reporting

—  Climate change and corporate strategy

—  Green economies and green jobs

—  Climate change and water — focusing on the corporate level.

Unisa will host at least one international conference during the tenure of the chair. The 
chair is also to develop national and international research collaborative partnerships.

Progress
—  Incumbents for the chair being recruited

—  Work plan being defined

—  Research under way

—  International conference conducted

•  Exxaro chair in global change and sustainability (Wits) — to provide an enabling 
research platform of global significance and local impact, fostering informed and 
innovative actions for adaptation and mitigation strategies for sustainability in the 
rapidly changing southern African region.

Background and progress during the year
Research themes include:

—  Carbon accounting and footprinting

—  Business response to climate change in key industry sectors in South Africa, 
including mining, finance and insurance, retail, agriculture and automotive

—  Integrated reporting

—  Climate change and corporate strategy

—  Green economies and green jobs

—  Climate change and water — focusing on the corporate level

The university must host at least one international conference during the tenure of the 
chair. The chair must also develop national and international research collaborative 
partnerships.

Progress
—  Incumbents for the chair being recruited

—  Work plan being defined

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 197

•  Exxaro chair in business and biodiversity leadership (University of Pretoria) 

— focusing on thought leadership in the interface between the spheres of business 
and biodiversity. As a group, Exxaro strives to influence society to make the right 
decisions by carefully managing the way in which we mine. This programme is an 
opportunity for the group to be at the forefront of driving something that will not 
only benefit South Africa, but also the world.

Background and progress during the year
Research themes include:

—  Implementation of voluntary ecosystem valuation

—  Identification and evaluation of current business responses to biodiversity in Exxaro 

and other industries

—  Integrated reporting

—  Legal framework within which business has to operate

—  Land rehabilitation

—  Green economies and green jobs

—  Linking biodiversity with environmental management and other issues such as 

climate change and water with special emphasis on wetlands.

Researchers must attend conferences related to the research topics and develop 
national and international research collaborative partnerships.

Progress
—  Incumbents for the chair being recruited

—  Work plan defined

—  Literature review under way.

•  Exxaro chair in energy efficiency (University of Pretoria) — to participate at the 

forefront of research activities in energy efficiency and deliver world-class research 
and educational outputs for the benefit of Exxaro and South Africa.

Background and progress during the year
Research themes include:

—  Mining system components: energy efficiency study (energy efficiency of conveyor 

belts, crushers, winders, pumps, etc)

—  Integrated mining operational process optimisation (system component optimal 

sizing and matching)

—  Analysis of process plant nameplate capacity, throughput and energy use, 

in relation to actual output and energy consumption

—  Design efficiency in capital projects (eg designing green- and brownfield mining and 

processing projects from start using energy efficiency guiding principles)

—  Mine engineering for energy efficiency (eg above and underground distance, 

opencast vs underground mining method, HVAC or heating, ventilation and air-
conditioning, material handling)

—  Co-generation, using waste heat generated in a process to produce electricity that 
could be used in the same or related processes in the same operations (ie smelters, 
process plants, flares)

p 198

SOCIAL CAPITAL

—  Smelter technology and smelter efficiency

—  Sustainable low-carbon transport in continuous mining applications

—  Influence and effect of monitoring systems (Scada) on energy efficiency and their 

optimisation relative to social behavioural change to energy efficiency improvement

—  Energy efficiency through energy consumption and energy data mining

—  Clean development mechanism (CDM) and carbon trading (carbon footprint and 
carbon neutral study), as well as the low-carbon economy from CDM to NAMAs 
(national appropriate mitigation actions)

—  Energy efficiency measurement, verification, energy baseline determination and 

evaluation

—  Wind resource potential study (statistical study on wind energy distribution for site 

selection and power plant design)

—  Wind power plant and concentrated solar plant system optimisation.

The university will actively participate in at least one international conference during 
the tenure of the chair. The chair is also to develop national and international research 
collaborative partnerships.

Progress
—  Incumbents for chair being recruited

—  Work plan defined

—  Literature review under way

—  University participated in international conference

Sustainable procurement
In implementing our philosophy on supply chain sustainability, we aim to ensure that 
when making procurement decisions we source, contract, lease, hire and procure 
goods and services from suppliers that demonstrate commitment to sustainable 
business practices and support Exxaro’s compliance efforts in terms of the 
mining charter.

During the period, green procurement, HDSA procurement and sustainable supplier 
engagement were identified as key focus elements for Exxaro’s approach to 
sustainable procurement. The green procurement reporting framework developed 
in 2012 will enable us to track progress on green procurement and equip supply chain 
officials with the required capability in designated improvement areas.

Green procurement
Exxaro is already acquiring some products with green attributes. The challenge has 
always been demonstrating progress towards specific green procurement milestones 
in terms of visibility and commodity targeting.

The scope of the project concentrates on specific commodities that will translate 
successes in terms of energy efficient procurement, environmentally preferable 
procurement, resource efficient procurement and reverse logistics.

Preferential procurement
Our preferential procurement policy capitalises on the group’s purchasing power to 
ensure we contract with external suppliers with strong BEE credentials or are making 
a tangible effort to transform their business to be BEE compliant. In line with the 
revised mining charter of 2010, our policy and strategy enforce compliance to all 
categories of the preferential procurement and enterprise development elements.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 199

Our commitment to procuring from HDSA suppliers is reflected in the steady 
progression from under 40% in 2007 to 59% (above the target of 52%) or R7,9 billion 
in 2012.

Procurement from HDSA suppliers

60

50

40

%

30

20

10

0

2005

2006 2007

2008 2009

2010

2011

2012

Preferential procurement targets

60

50

40

30%

20

10

0

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013f

2014f

Sustainable supplier engagement
In 2012, the executive committee approved a supplier code of conduct. This code 
will create a shared foundation for supply chain sustainability to enable supply chain 
officials, suppliers and internal stakeholders to make informed decisions about:

•  Exxaro sustainability standards for compliance by all suppliers

•  Supply chain sustainability focus areas that, if appropriately addressed, should keep 
both Exxaro and suppliers well ahead of regulatory standards, creating impetus 
for innovation, continuous improvement, risk mitigation, learning and operational 
efficiency

•  Perspectives for developing criteria to be used when assessing and auditing supplier 

progress on compliance with sustainability issues being addressed in the codes

•  Basis from which collaborative development spheres of suppliers will be focusing.

Contractor management
Exxaro focuses on its core activities and subcontracts specialist tasks. At any point, 
hundreds of contractors are moving through Exxaro sites, presenting specific health, 
safety and environmental risks. We require contractors to adhere to group standards 
as part of our legal compliance process. As such, managing contractors is now a key 
compliance indicator in its own right.

p 200

SOCIAL CAPITAL

The induction and training centre at Marapong near Grootegeluk is proving valuable in 
reducing the time and cost incurred by new contractors before they start work at the 
mine. Contractors can now complete all their computer- or classroom-based induction 
at this centre in one process, from registration to issuing access cards, that takes 
about five days.

All contractor employee data was captured on to Exxaro’s HR database in April 2012, 
enabling the group to monitor, control and enforce compliance. The system also 
provides accurate and timely business information, and effective forecasts of people-
related statistics (from medical surveillance to e-learning).

To date, Exxaro has invested over R35 million in HR system enhancements and data 
maintenance to comply with relevant legislation.

Infrastructure development
Partnering with government in developing infrastructure that benefits our company 
and the people of South Africa simply makes business sense. Partnerships of these 
types are common in our social and labour plans where we work with national, 
provincial and regional authorities to achieve common goals, particularly in the fields 
of education and health.

Exxaro is also actively involved in infrastructure development and longer-term 
projects, particularly in the energy field, that will benefit South Africa. These are 
summarised below.

Energy
•  Energy efficiency — the innovative techniques in place at our new coal plants in 

South Africa’s Limpopo have industry-wide application

•  The 800 low energy-use houses we built for employees in Limpopo are proving that 

green building is also cost efficient in the long run

•  Our new joint-venture energy company is focused on generating power for the 
company and country through a mix of renewable and cleaner energy sources. 
Less than two months after its launch, Cennergi was preferred bidder for two wind 
energy projects (Amakhala 139MW and Tsitsikamma 95MW), under the Department 
of Energy’s renewable energy independent power producers programme (REIPPP).

•  We are pursuing clean development mechanism (CDM) status and aim to achieve 

certified emission reduction registration with the UNFCCC for a number of our clean 
energy projects.

Water
Various initiatives are under way to increase the supply of water — technically referred 
to as watershed management:

• 

In the Waterberg, several companies — most notably Exxaro — are gearing up to 
increase future coal production to support electricity generation through Eskom 
for the country. To supply water to this arid region, an extra pipeline is being 
constructed from Mokolo Dam to the Waterberg operations

•  Feasibility studies are under way between the Department of Water Affairs,  

Trans–Caledon Water Authority and Lephalale Municipality on a proposed inter-
basin transfer from the Caledon River to the Crocodile River in the Waterberg. 
Studies are also under way to assess implementation of a water transfer from 
Lesotho Highlands to the Waterberg.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 201

•  Maintained and operated by Exxaro, Zeeland water treatment works currently supplies 

water to over 21 000 Lephalale residents in Limpopo, purifying 40 megalitres of 
drinking water each day and supplying it directly to the Lephalale Local Municipality. 
In addition to Blue Drop certification, the premier award for quality, Zeeland has been 
cited as “an example to other municipalities and potential partners of what is possible 
when proper planning, commitment and implementation come together”.

•  Exxaro’s Tshikondeni mine is in northern Limpopo, an area that is severely water 

stressed. The communities around the mine rely wholly on recycled water from the 
Tshikondeni treatment plant for quality potable water. Until 2011, water monitoring 
at this mine was manually captured and the community could not be alerted to 
potential water shortages in advance. At considerable cost, we installed telemetric 
monitoring systems and worked closely with stakeholders to sensitise them to the 
changes in water management that would result from accurately monitoring water 
flow. This initiative improved the management and monitoring of recycled water, 
ensured a stable supply of water to the community and an accurate supply to the coal 
processing plant.

The rapid development in Lephalale increased demand for housing, in turn creating a business opportunity in the 
construction industry

10

manufactured 
capital

Haultruck at Grootegeluk on trolley system to save fuel, improve carbon footprint and ensure higher productivity

p 204

MANUFACTURED CAPITAL

Research and development
Sustainability at Exxaro is also about innovation — innovation FOR sustainability. 
This is encapsulated in our vision: through our innovation and growth we will be 
a powerful source of endless possibilities.

Over the last two years, Exxaro has been working on a programme to make blue-sky 
innovation part of the group’s culture. This will broaden the company’s technology 
strategy and innovation programme to functions as diverse as sustainability, services, 
human resources, supply chain, information management, and SHEC or safety, health, 
environment and community.

Exxaro has developed a systematic process and supporting infrastructure that 
enables employees to log and evaluate ideas, develop a compelling business case and, 
if proven, add them to our project pipeline. This, in turn, is guided by our ten-step 
technology strategy development process that ensures projects support Exxaro’s 
business goals. Recent successes include:

•  The ultra high dense medium separation (UHDMS) processing technology provides 
a solution to the challenge of declining ore qualities and the limitations of existing 
technologies by improving resource utilisation and increasing life of mine.

•  Exxaro’s AlloyStream team is commercialising a new smelting process with 
a manganese partner using coal fines. This is the first manganese smelting 
process innovation in the industry in nearly 80 years. Proving that innovation is 
not necessarily a quick process, it took 18 years of testing, but the benefits are 
worthwhile, including a one-step steel smelting process, life-of-mine extensions 
and energy savings of up to half the costs of a traditional smelter.

•  Exxaro’s diversification strategy has extended beyond the mining industry to 

cleaner energy. As a coal producer and thus intensive energy user, Exxaro plays 
a significant role in the energy environment in South Africa. Over the last six years, 
Exxaro has addressed three issues that have become central to this environment: 
energy security, economic productivity and environmental impact, including 
climate change, land and water use and carbon emissions. A major achievement of 
the group’s energy strategy was the formation of a company aimed at generating 
power via a mix of renewable and cleaner energy sources. Cennergi was launched 
in April 2012 as a joint venture with Tata Power of India.

•  Exxaro also recently announced a deal with US pigment manufacturer, Tronox, 
to form the world’s first vertically integrated mineral sands processing and 
pigment company.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 205

•  The group’s future mine programme started in 2012 on the back of the innovation 
culture drive. Guided by senior functional coaches, a group of young professionals 
was tasked with defining technology focus areas for Exxaro and aligning these to 
the group’s commodity strategy for 2020, 2030 and 2050 horizons. They conducted 
local and global research, made benchmarking visits to companies around the 
world and attended numerous conferences to identify innovative opportunities and 
development initiatives which Exxaro could pursue in future.

All this focused activity will result in innovations that will keep Exxaro sustainable 
and position the group to contribute to the nation’s economic growth from local to 
national level.

Through our innovation and growth we will be a powerful source of endless possibilities

11

financial 
capital

Belt attendant at Matla plant, checking coal and ensuring belt is in perfect working order

p 208

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE*

01
SA NKOSI — SIPHO (58)
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 
(EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR)

02
WA DE KLERK — WIM (49)
FINANCE DIRECTOR 
(EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR)

BCom (hons)(econ), MBA (Univ 
Mass, USA), Diploma in marketing 
management (Unisa), Advanced 
management leadership programme 
(Oxford)

Experience: After 20 years in the 
industrial and mining sectors, Sipho 
was a founder of Eyesizwe Holdings 
and served as chief executive offi cer 
before its merger into Exxaro in 2006. 
He was appointed CEO of Exxaro in 
September 2007. Sipho is a director 
of a number of companies, including 
Sanlam Limited, and served as 
president of the Chamber of Mines 
from November 2007 to November 
2010.

BCom (hons) Acc CA(SA), Executive 
Management Programme (Darden), 
Strategic Marketing Diploma (Harvard)

Experience: Wim joined Iscor in 1996, 
managing the group’s quarries and 
Grootegeluk coal mine. He became 
part of the executive team as group 
general manager for strategy and 
continuous improvement in 1999. 
After Kumba Resource’s inception in 
2001, he headed the mineral sands 
commodity and once Exxaro was 
formed and listed in 2006, he became 
executive general manager for 
mineral sands and base metals until 
his appointment as fi nance director 
in 2009.

03
MDM MGOJO — MXOLISI (52)
EXECUTIVE HEAD: OPERATIONS

BSc (hons) energy studies, MBA, 
Advanced management programme 
(Wharton)

Experience: Previously at Eyesizwe 
Coal, Mxolisi was responsible for 
marketing. Before assuming his 
current position in August 2008, he 
was responsible for the base metals 
and industrial minerals commodity 
business.

04
M PIATER — RETHA (58)
EXECUTIVE HEAD: HUMAN RESOURCES

BCom (hons), MBA, Advanced 
management programme (Insead)

Experience: Retha has 28 years of 
human resources experience across 
the various business units and 
commodities, specifi cally in the area of 

remuneration.

*    Prescribed offi cers in terms of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, as amended

01

02

03

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 209

International Association. Carina 
spent nine years with De Beers in 
various operational and head-offi ce 
positions, including human resources, 
business improvement and corporate 
secretariat, as well as a period with 
Investec as corporate secretariat legal 
advisor. Carina assumed her current 
role in June 2011.

05
PE VENTER — ERNST (56)
EXECUTIVE HEAD: GROWTH, 
TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES

BEng (hons), MBA, Advanced 
management programme (Insead)

Experience: Ernst has headed 
a number of portfolios including 
base metals, Zincor, consulting 
services, mining technology, coal 
benefi ciation, process development 
and plant metallurgy. From 2002 
to 2008, he was responsible for 
the coal commodity business and 

then established Exxaro’s business 

growth division.

06
M VETI — MONGEZI (49)
GENERAL MANAGER: SAFETY, HEALTH, 
ENVIRONMENT AND COMMUNITY 
DEVELOPMENT

MBL (Unisa), national higher 
diploma in metalliferous mining 
(Technikon Witwatersrand), national 
diploma in coal mining (Technikon 
Witwatersrand), Advanced 
management programme (Wharton), 

mine overseer’s certifi cate and mine 
manager’s certifi cate of competency 
for fi ery mines.

Experience: In the early 1980s, 
Mongezi worked for Anglo Gold at 
Western Deep Levels and joined Sasol 
Mining in 1994. In 2002, he became 
mine manager at Arnot, and was 
appointed general manager Area  2 
in Exxaro soon after the merger, 
before assuming his current role in 

February 2010.

07
CH WESSELS — CARINA (35)
GROUP COMPANY SECRETARY

LLB (Univ of Pretoria), Advanced 
labour law (Univ of Pretoria), LLM 
(Unisa), Programme for management 
development (GIBS), FCIS (CSSA).

Experience: Carina is an admitted 
advocate of the High Court of South 
Africa, and a fellow and president 
of Chartered Secretaries Southern 
Africa. Carina also represents 
southern Africa as vice president 
of the global Corporate Secretaries 

04

05

06

07

p 210

DIRECTORATE

01
SA NKOSI — SIPHO (58)

positions on the gold, platinum and 

copper zinc mines of the Anglovaal 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER (EXECUTIVE 

Group. From 1981 until retirement, 

04
S DAKILE-HLONGWANE — 
SALUKAZI (62)

DIRECTOR)

he served in technical and executive 

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND 

Director since 28 November 2006

See page 208

02
WA DE KLERK — WIM (49)

FINANCE DIRECTOR 

(EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR)

Director since 1 March 2009

See page 208

03
JJ GELDENHUYS — JURIE (70)

INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR, CHAIRMAN 

OF SUSTAINABILITY, RISK AND 

COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE, MEMBER 

OF REMUNERATION AND NOMINATION, 

AUDIT AND SOCIAL AND ETHICS 

COMMITTEES

BSc (eng)(elec), BSc (eng)(min), 
MBA  (Stanford), professional engineer

Director since 28 November 2006

Experience: From 1965 to 1980, 
Jurie held production and managerial 

capacities involving gold, base metals, 
coal, ferrous metals and industrial 
minerals. He retired as managing 
director of Avgold Limited in 2000 
and served the group in a consulting 
capacity until 2002. He has served 
on the boards of Anglovaal Limited, 
Avmin Limited, Freegold Consolidated 
Mines Limited, Hartebeestfontein Gold 
Mining Company Limited, Lorraine 
Gold Mines Limited, Eastern Transvaal 
Gold Mines Limited, Iscor Limited 
and Sallies Limited. He served as the 
Chamber of Mines’ president (1993 to 
1994) and on the chamber’s executive 
council, gold producers’ committee 
and various other chamber-related 
board committees. He also served 
on the Atomic Energy Council and 
National Water Advisory Council. He 
is currently non-executive director 
and chairman of Astral Foods 
Limited (and a member of the human 
resources and remuneration and 
nomination committee and nomination 
committee).

MEMBER OF SUSTAINABILITY, RISK AND 

COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE

BA (economics and statistics), 
MA (development economics)

Director since 21 February 2012

Experience: Salukazi is deputy-
chairman of Nozala Investments, 
a company she co-founded in 1996. 
Her experience includes: 1977 to 1982 
senior investment offi cer, Lesotho 
National Development Corporation; 
1983 to 1995 African Development 
Bank (Abidjan/Côte d’Ivoire) as 
country programme offi cer and 
later principal corporation offi cer; 
senior manager, structured fi nance 
division/FirstCorp Merchant Bank 
and assistant general manager, BOE 
Specialised Finance. Salukazi is a 
non-executive director of Nozala’s 
investee companies including Eqstra 
Holdings Limited, Enviroserv Holdings 
Limited, Woodlands Dairy Proprietary 
Limited, Afripack Proprietary Limited, 
Tsebo Outsourcing Group Proprietary 
Limited and Mutual Construction 

01

02

03

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 211

combined with an improved safety 
performance. Under his leadership, 
the Zibulo mine in South Africa 
reached commercial operating levels 
ahead of schedule, and Thermal 
Coal has actively participated in the 
pursuit of cleaner coal solutions for 
the world’s energy needs. A chartered 
accountant by profession, Norman 
began his career with accounting 
roles at Zambia Consolidated Copper 
Mines, before spending 17 years with 
Deloitte & Touche, also in Zambia. He 
has extensive experience of the Anglo 
American group, after joining in 2001, 
serving as CEO of Scaw Metals, both 
fi nance director and acting CEO of 
Anglo’s platinum business; CFO of the 
then Anglo Coal business and CFO of 
Konkola Copper mines.

Company Proprietary Limited. She 
is also a non-executive director of 
MultiChoice South Africa Holdings 
Limited and a trustee of Nozala Trust 
and Chancellor House Trust.

05 (no picture)
U KHUMALO — UFIKILE (47) 

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Resigned with effect from 
31 January 2013

06
DR D KONAR — LEN (59)

INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR, CHAIRMAN 

OF THE BOARD AND MEMBER OF 

REMUNERATION AND NOMINATION 

COMMITTEE (CHAIRS NOMINATION 

MATTERS)

BCom, CA(SA), MAS, DCom

Director since 28 November 2006

Experience: After completing his 
articles of clerkship at Ernst & Young 
in Durban, Len began his career as an 
academic at the University of Durban-
Westville. He then spent six years 
with the Independent Development 
Trust as head of investments and 
internal audit, prior to becoming a 
professional director of companies 

and consultant. Len is chairman of 
Steinhoff International and Mustek 
Limited and a member of the boards 
of Illovo Sugar, Sappi and JD Group. 
He is a past member of the ad hoc 
ethics panel of the United Nations, 
safeguards panel of the International 
Monetary Fund in Washington, 
co-chairman of the implementation 
oversight panel of the World Bank, 
and past chairman and member of 
the external audit committee of the 
International Monetary Fund.

07
NB MBAZIMA — NORMAN (54)

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND 

MEMBER OF REMUNERATION AND 

NOMINATION COMMITTEE

Fellow of the Association of Chartered 
Certifi ed Accountants (FCCA), Fellow 
of the Zambia Institute of Chartered 
Accountants (FZICA)  

Director since 30 November 2012

Experience: Norman joined Kumba 
Iron Ore on 1 September 2012 as 
CEO. As CEO of Anglo American 
Thermal Coal from October 2009, 
he spearheaded the business unit’s 
record operating profi t in 2011, 

04

06

07

p 212

DIRECTORATE

08
VZ MNTAMBO — ZWELIBANZI (55)
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND 

MEMBER OF REMUNERATION AND 

NOMINATION COMMITTEE

BJuris, LLB (Univ North West), 
LLM (Yale)

Director since 28 November 2006

Experience: Zwelibanzi is executive 
chairman of Xalam Performance. 
He was previously senior lecturer 
at the University of Natal; executive 
director of IMSSA; director-general 
of Gauteng Province and chairman 
of the Commission for Conciliation, 
Mediation and Arbitration. He is 
chairman of Metrobus Proprietary 
Limited and Mainstreet 333 
Proprietary Limited. He also a director 
of SA Tourism Proprietary Limited and 
a trustee of the Paleo-Anthropologial 
Scientifi c Trust.

09
RP MOHRING — RICK (66)

INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR, 

CHAIRMAN OF REMUNERATION AND 

NOMINATION COMMITTEE, MEMBER 

OF AUDIT, SUSTAINABILITY,  RISK AND 

COMPLIANCE AND SOCIAL AND ETHICS 

COMMITTEES

BSc (eng)(mining), MDP, professional 
engineer

Director since 28 November 2006

Experience: From 1972 to 1998, 
Rick held production, managerial 
and executive positions in the gold 
and coal divisions of the Rand Mines 
and Billiton groups. From 1998 until 
2000, he was chief executive offi cer 
of NewCoal, a black empowerment 
initiative set up by Anglo Coal and 
Ingwe Coal Corporation. Eyesizwe 
Coal, the largest BEE coal company in 
South Africa, was formed in November 
2000 through this process. From 2000 
until 2003, Rick was deputy chief 
executive offi cer of Eyesizwe Coal. 
As such, he was responsible for the 
operational control of mines producing 
25Mtpa of coal, new business 
development, technical services and 
health and safety. After 37 years in 

the mining industry, Rick retired from 
Eyesizwe Coal in December 2003 and 
set up a private consulting company, 
Mohring Mining Consulting.

10
DR MF RANDERA — FAZEL (64)
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND 
CHAIRMAN OF SOCIAL AND ETHICS 
COMMITTEE

MRCS, LRCP; DRCOG

Director since 13 June 2012

Experience: Globally, Fazel has 
served as board and council member 
of the World Medical Association (1997 
to 2000), participated in the World 
Health Organization international 
enquiry into the tobacco industry 
(1998 to 1999), chaired the global 
initiative on HIV/Aids reporting 
(2004). In South Africa, he sat on the 
Truth and Reconciliation Commission 
(1995 to 1998), founded the Ethics 
Institute, served as its chairman 
(1997 to 2000), and served on the 
Human Rights Commission (1997 
to 1999). Working in hospitals and 
facilities in the UK and South Africa, 
he specialised in a range of medical 
disciplines, including occupational 
health and HIV/Aids. Fazel chaired the 
Private Healthcare Forum (2004 to 

08

09

10

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 213

2007), and served as a member of the 
South African Centre for Survivors 

of Torture (2006 to 2011). He was 

inspector general for South Africa’s 

intelligence services (1999-2001); and 
served on a number of ministerial 
advisory bodies. He was the health 
advisor at the Chamber of Mines 
and is deputy chairman of Nehawu 
Investment Holdings.

11
NL SOWAZI — NKULULEKO (49)
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

BA, MA (UCLA)

Director since 28 November 2006

Experience: Nkululeko is chairman 
of Kagiso Tiso Holdings, a leading 
diversifi ed investment holding 
company with interests in media, 
infrastructure, power, resources 
and fi nancial services. He serves 
on the boards of Aveng Limited and 
Actom Holdings. He is also chairman 
of Idwala Industrial Holdings, Litha 
Healthcare Group and The Home 
Loan Guarantee Company. He was 
previously executive chairman and 
co-founder of Tiso Group, an executive 

director of African Bank Investments 
Limited and managing director of 
specialist insurance agency Mortgage 
Indemnity Fund.

12
J VAN ROOYEN — JEFF (63) 
INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR AND 
CHAIRMAN OF AUDIT COMMITTEE

 BCom, BCompt (hons), CA(SA)

Director since 13 August 2008

Experience: Jeff is a director of 
various companies in the Uranus 
Group, non-executive director of 
MTN Group Limited, Pick ‘n Pay 
Stores Limited and Pick ‘n Pay 
Holdings Limited. He is chairman of 
the Financial Reporting Standards 
Council (FRSC), a former trustee of the 
International Accounting Standards 
(IFRS) Foundation and member of 
the University of Pretoria’s faculty of 
economic and management sciences’ 
oversight board. He was a partner 
in Deloitte & Touche, chairman of 
the Public Accountants and Auditors 
Board, CEO of the Financial Services 
Board and advisor to the former 
Minister of Public Enterprises. Jeff 
is a founder member and former 

president of the Association for the 
Advancement of Black Accountants of 
South Africa.

13
D ZIHLANGU — RAIN (46)
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND 
MEMBER OF SUSTAINABILITY, RISK AND 
COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE

BSc (min eng) (Wits), MDP (SBL, 
Unisa), MBA (WBS, Wits)

Director since 28 November 2006

Experience: Rain is CEO of Eyabantu 
Capital Consortium. Between 1989 and 
1994 he was a stoper/developer and 
shift boss at Vaal Reefs Gold Mining 
Company. From 1995 to 2002 he was a 
shift boss, mine overseer, operations 
manager and mine manager at Impala 
Platinum Limited. Rain was CEO of 
Alexkor Limited from 2002 until 2005. 
From 2006 to November 2012, he was 
an independent non-executive director 
of the South African National Oil and 
Gas Company (PetroSA) and served on 
its business performance monitoring 
committee. He also serves on the 
board and audit committee of Sentula 
Mining.

11

12

13

p 214

GOVERNANCE

Integrating sustainability in our governance practices
As a listed resources company, Exxaro operates in an extremely regulated 
environment, which naturally drives our compliance and governance initiatives. 
However, as an ethical, values-based, and proudly South African black-empowered 
resources company, our compliance and governance initiatives are driven by more 
than mere minimum requirements, but rather the firm belief that our licence to 
operate depends on us being a responsible corporate citizen.

As a responsible corporate citizen, we take decisions that enable our strategy, ensure 
our profitability and performance, but also consider the risks to which we are exposed, 
the legitimate interests and expectations of our stakeholders and ones that are 
socially and environmentally responsible.

By balancing these imperatives, as a responsible corporate citizen, we entrench our 
sustainability and make a meaningful contribution to the South African economy.

In 2011 we reported on governance matters in the form of a key objectives scorecard. 
These key objectives, namely:

•  governance supporting and enabling company strategic objectives;

•  regulatory and legislative performance: going beyond compliance;

•  fully embracing the principles of King III; and

• 

integrated governance assurance 

are of a long-term and sustainable nature and therefore remained applicable 
during 2012. They will also remain the key overarching governance objectives in the 
medium term.

In August 2012 the JSE Limited issued a guidance note requiring all listed companies 
to disclose their application of the King III principles in greater detail. The note 
requires companies to disclose, through a narrative statement, how each principle 
was applied or to explain why or to what extent it was not applied. As a result, we have 
not included a general governance scorecard again, but a detailed King III scorecard 
which encapsulates the key governance objectives noted above and their related 
activities, as well as the narrative information previously contained in the body of our 
governance report. Although the integrated report contains a number of examples on 
how the King III principles are applied in Exxaro, we hope this summary gives readers 
a comprehensive, but concise, picture of our application. In future, we will only provide 
a summary of the Chapter II application in our printed integrated report with the 
remainder of the detail being web-based.

In the 2011 report we indicated that assurance on King III application would be provided 
in the 2012 report. Such assurance would, however, be a first for South Africa and 
we are still in the process of finalising review and assurance parameters with our 
independent external auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers. We are working towards 
providing such an assurance report for 2013.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 215

Application of King III

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Ethical leadership and corporate citizenship

1.1

The board should 
provide effective 
leadership based on 
an ethical foundation.

1.2

The board should 
ensure the company 
is and is seen to 
be a responsible 
corporate citizen.

We are driven by our desire to always operate as a responsible corporate 
citizen and recognise that an ethical culture underpins corporate governance 
and contributes to our licence to operate. Exxaro and its board of directors 
are committed to ensuring ethical and sustainable business practices, guided 
by our values. The board and management subscribe to the philosophy that 
corporate governance, built on an ethical and values-based foundation, 
permeates all business activities and enables us to achieve our short- and 
medium-term strategic objectives while contributing to reaching Exxaro’s 
vision of becoming a US$20 billion company by market capitalisation by 2020.

The board supports the group’s brand and communications strategy which 
strives to effectively communicate its corporate citizenship.

In 2012 the following awards were received by the group as examples of, 
inter alia, our corporate citizenship: 

•  A Standard of Excellence Award in the 2012 Deloitte Best Company to Work 

for survey 

•  Exxaro’s internal newsletter has been ranked Best Internal Newsletter four 

times by the SA Publications Forum 

•  The group was again included on the JSE’s SRI index following its annual 

review 

•  Ranked among the top ten in Financial Mail’s Top Companies Awards

•  Top position in the Carbon Disclosure Project’s leadership index 

•  2011 integrated report ranked among the top ten in Ernst & Young’s 

Integrated Reporting 2012 Awards.

You will find many other examples in this report to emphasise Exxaro’s 
corporate citizenship, for example, the fact that Exxaro was ranked fourth in 
the BettaBeta Green Exchange Traded Fund, the primary investment product 
of Nedbank’s Green Index, an investment index developed by Nedbank Capital 
comprising a selection of stocks from the top 100 JSE-listed companies ranked 
by environmental credentials and liquidity.

Another example, in 2012 Exxaro won the award for green excellence in 
technology innovation in mining presented by Frost & Sullivan’s Global 
Research Platform. Exxaro scored top marks for:

•  A technological platform characterised by long-term sustainability, and 

adaptable and responsive to changing environmental needs

•  Technological solutions that address climate change concerns

•  A clearly demonstrated responsibility to reducing environmental burden.

p 216

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

1.3

The board should 
ensure the 
company’s ethics are 
managed effectively.

Exxaro remains committed to the highest standards of honesty, integrity and 
fairness.

As indicated in the 2011 reports, as part of the governance strategy, early 
in the review period we assessed the maturity of our control systems for 
fraud, corruption and bribery risks, and how effectively the relationship 
between these risks, controls and performance is managed in relation to 
industry peers.

Although overall scores indicated that required activities were established, 
specific improvement initiatives were implemented to enhance the maturity, 
which included:

•  Revising the ethics committee’s terms of reference

•  Revising the following key policies to incorporate best practice and 

legislative changes:

—  Code of ethics

—  Whistleblowing

—  Conflicts of interest

—  Fraud investigation

—  Fraud prevention

—  Fraud response

—  Gifts and benefits from suppliers

•  Considering fraud-related risks during the annual risk assessment review

•  Planning an anti-fraud and corruption awareness campaign to be launched 

in 2013

•  Evaluating and using a case management system

•  Minor use of data analytics and considering the future use of data analytics 

to proactively identify potential risks

• 

Incorporating fraud-related surprise audits in the 2013 internal audit plan.

The group’s ethics processes are managed by the ethics committee, which 
comprises executives, representatives of internal audit and the chief audit 
executive. Chaired by the chief audit executive, it meets either monthly or as 
required to consider issues of non-compliance to the group code of ethics or 
conflicts of interest policy, as well as matters reported on the ethics line or to 
management.

Required investigations are conducted by a dedicated forensics team that 
reports their findings independently to the chief audit executive. This 
approach is reinforced by articles highlighting the importance of ethical 
behaviour in the quarterly internal newsletter.

The ethics committee formally reports to the social and ethics committee of 
the board, ensuring the board has full oversight of ethics-related matters.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 217

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Incidents of unethical behaviour
At Exxaro, reports of alleged unethical behaviour are received through 
the anonymous reporting hotline and other mechanisms. All reports are 
periodically reviewed by the Exxaro ethics committee and referred either for 
forensic investigation or to the functional heads to be investigated.

In 2012, 272 cases of alleged unethical behaviour (2011: 240) were reported 
for investigation, 43 of these via the ethics line (2011: 37). In total, 759 people 
were subjected to disciplinary hearings arising from the cases reported, with 
60 arrests made by the South African Police Services (SAPS) for criminal 
prosecution based on the results of investigations referred to them (2011: 34). 
The direct monetary value of the cases reported and investigated was 
R8 632 026 (2011: R5 673 539) with R4 151 626 being recovered/saved due 
to the investigations.

The types of fraud investigated included:
•  Fraudulently changing bank accounts
•  Tender fraud
•  Accepting bribes and favours for contracts
•  Misusing position
•  Conflicts of interest
• 
•  Unsafe working procedures.

Irregularities with appointments of employees

Cases reported

Disciplinary hearings

Reported to SAPS

Impact/savings

2012

Other reports

 received Reporting line

25

6

247

753

43

R4 151 626

Employees and all stakeholders can report suspected incidents of fraud or 
corruption, or unethical behaviour, to our dedicated 24-hour ethics hotline 
(0800 203 579 or exxaro@tip-offs.com). This is an independent service 
operated at a cost of R48 000 per annum, and designed to help people report 
incidents while remaining anonymous for their protection.

p 218

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Boards and directors

2.1

The board should 
act as the focal point 
for and custodian 
of corporate 
governance. 

2.2

The board should 
appreciate that 
strategy, risk, 
performance and 
sustainability are 
inseparable.

The board charter specifically emphasises this responsibility and the board 
acts accordingly.

The board is intimately involved in governance matters through ongoing 
development interventions and sessions — refer principle 2.20 for further 
details.

The board, as custodian of corporate governance, has made the office of 
the group company secretary responsible for implementing and monitoring 
compliance to associated best-practices across the group. Our group company 
secretary, Mrs CH Wessels, serves as a member of the executive committee 
(Exco); she reports directly to the CEO and has direct access to the chairman. 
She works closely with internal audit, the compliance and risk management 
functions, chief audit executive and our outsourced legal advisers to promote 
a culture of good governance and compliance in the group.

The board charter specifically emphasises the fact that the board 
acknowledges that strategy, risk, performance and sustainability are 
inseparable and gives effect to this by:

•  Contributing to and approving the strategy on an annual basis, at which 
point past performance, key risks and sustainability matters are also 
debated

•  Satisfying itself that strategy and business plans do not give rise to risks 
that have not been thoroughly assessed by management and captured 
through the comprehensive enterprise risk management process

• 

Identifying key performance and risk areas

•  Ensuring that the strategy will result in sustainable outcomes

•  Considering sustainability as a business opportunity that guides strategy 

formulation.

During the year, the board (specifically through the sustainability, risk 
and compliance committee to which it has delegated general oversight for 
sustainability, risk and compliance matters) approved the capitals framework 
as Exxaro’s holistic and integrated approach to sustainability. The board and 
committee fully support this framework and will ensure it is entrenched in 
Exxaro.

The discussion of material issues is an attempt to further highlight the 
integration and importance of these areas to stakeholders. Material issues are 
those aspects that, if considered, managed and reviewed thoroughly, would 
result in Exxaro remaining sustainable for years to come and include ‘licence 
to operate’ issues.

The board and committee also monitor key performance indicators for 
material issues as well as a broader range of sustainability, risk and 
compliance KPIs and interrogate the results of trend reporting.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 219

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Refer principle 1.1 and 1.3

Refer principle 1.2

Refer principle 1.1 and 1.3

Refer principle 3.1

Refer principle 4.1

Refer principle 5.1

Refer principle 6.1

Refer principle 7.1

Refer principle 8.1

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

2.11

The board should 
provide effective 
leadership based on 
an ethical foundation.

The board should 
ensure the company 
is and is seen to 
be a responsible 
corporate citizen.

The board should 
ensure company 
ethics are managed 
effectively.

The board should 
ensure the company 
has an effective and 
independent audit 
committee.

The board should be 
responsible for the 
governance of risk.

The board should 
be responsible 
for information 
technology (IT) 
governance. 

The board should 
ensure the company 
complies with all 
applicable laws and 
considers adherence 
to non-binding rules, 
codes and standards. 

The board should 
ensure there is an 
effective risk-based 
internal audit.

The board should 
appreciate that 
stakeholders’ 
perceptions affect 
the company’s 
reputation. 

p 220

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

2.12

2.13

2.14

2.15

2.16

2.17

The board should 
ensure the integrity 
of the company’s 
integrated report. 

The board should 
report on the 
effectiveness of the 
company’s system of 
internal controls.

The board and its 
directors should act 
in the best interest 
of the company.

The board should 
consider business 
rescue proceedings 
or other turnaround 
mechanisms as soon 
as the company is 
financially distressed 
as defined in the act.

The board should 
elect a chairman who 
is an independent 
non-executive 
director. The CEO 
should not also fulfil 
the role of chairman 
of the board.

The board should 
appoint the CEO 
and establish a 
framework for 
delegation of 
authority.

Refer principle 9.1

Refer principle 7.3

Review and reporting is done through the audit committee and is disclosed on 
page 251 of this report.

The board strictly adheres to the fiduciary duties and duty-of-care and skill 
codified in the Companies Act. This is mirrored in the conflicts of interest 
policy, which also applies to directors. This policy was reviewed and improved 
in 2012.

Conflicts are declared at each meeting and conservatively interpreted: all 
conflicts (even those not within the definition of personal financial interests) 
are treated in line with section 75 of the Companies Act.

The audit committee reviews financial information in detail and recommends 
any specific action to the board if required.

The committee regularly reviews the solvency and liquidity of the group. In 
addition, when considering and reviewing the provision of financial  assistance 
to related and inter-related parties, the board as a whole also considers the 
solvency and liquidity of the group. During the year, the company met the 
solvency and liquidity test each time it was performed.

The chairman, Dr D Konar, is an independent non-executive director and the 
CEO is Mr SA Nkosi.

The board appointed Mr SA Nkosi as CEO on 1 September 2007. The role and 
responsibilities of the CEO are stipulated in the board charter. In addition, 
a detailed delegation of authority policy and framework indicate matters 
reserved for the board and those delegated to management.

The board also approved a new division of responsibilities policy, clearly 
describing the division between the chairman and CEO on 4 March 2013.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 221

Principle

Indicator

Comment

2.18

The board should 
comprise a balance 
of power, with a 
majority of non-
executive directors. 
The majority of 
non-executive 
directors should be 
independent.

Sections 3.84(b), (f) 
and (g) of the Listings 
Requirements

2.19

Directors should be 
appointed through a 
formal process.

Section 3.84(a) and 
(e) of the Listings 
Requirements

In line with the recommendations of King III, Exxaro has a unitary board 
structure, currently comprising:

•   Four independent non-executive directors

•   Six non-executive directors

•   Two executive directors, being the CEO and full-time finance director.

In assessing the status of directors, the principles of King III and the Listings 
Requirements of the JSE Limited were used.

The policy dealing with the division of responsibilities between the chairman 
and CEO noted in principle 2.17 helps to ensure a balance of power and 
authority to guarantee that no director has unfettered powers. The board 
charter and memorandum of incorporation further ensure that proper voting 
principles and processes are employed to enable a balance of power.

The external board assessment conducted in 2012 and discussed under 
principle 2.22 also reaffirmed that no director has unfettered powers.

Shareholder agreements entered into on establishing Exxaro provided for 
the nomination of directors by specific shareholders: these conditions remain 
in force until 2016 and thus impact on the number of non-independent 
non-executive directors. Despite their classification as non-independent, 
all directors apply independence of mind to matters under discussion, a 
contention which was also reaffirmed during the board assessment process.

The company is currently considering appointing additional independent non-
executive directors, but this will have to be weighed against the risk of having 
an unduly large board and detracting from board efficacy and participation.

In line with the board charter, the remuneration and nomination committee 
(Remco) is responsible for identifying suitable candidates as independent non-
executive directors to be proposed to shareholders for approval.

The nomination responsibilities of Remco are detailed in its terms of 
reference.

The board also approved a new policy dealing with the nomination and 
appointment of directors on 4 March 2013, ensuring a formal and transparent 
process and confirming that the appointment is a matter for the board as 
a whole, after assistance from Remco, which comprises only non-executive 
directors with the majority being independent.

Brief résumés of directors standing for election and re-election appear in the 
notice of the annual general meeting.

p 222

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

2.20 The induction and 

ongoing training 
and development of 
directors should be 
conducted through a 
formal process. 

New directors are informed of their responsibilities through extensive induction 
material, discussions and visits to material business units. All have access to 
key management members for information on Exxaro’s operations.

The formal ongoing directors’ development programme involves two full-day 
sessions during the year, visits to key business units, as well as the opportunity 
to attend outsourced training interventions as required.

The 2012 full-day sessions dealt, inter alia, with:

•  Social media and networking and appropriate related items for the board’s 

agenda

• 

IT governance

•  Tides of change — how global change impacts the board agenda

• 

Introduction to doing business in the Republic of Congo, as well as details 
on its mining legislation

•  Refresher on the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act and 

resource and reserve statements.

Visits to operational businesses for all directors are part of the annual board 
programme. During the year, induction and other visits were made to the 
following business units:

•  Fairbreeze

•  AlloyStream

•  Matla

•  Grootegeluk.

In addition to formal sessions, directors receive group and industry news 
articles daily, as well as regular analyst reports. During the year, in excess of 
R1,2 million (2011: R1 million) was spent on director development and support, 
information sharing and corporate governance initiatives.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 223

Principle

Indicator

Comment

2.21

The board should 
be assisted by 
a competent, 
suitably qualified 
and experienced 
company secretary.

Section 3.84 (i) and 
(j) of the Listings 
Requirements

The board selects and appoints the group company secretary and recognises 
the pivotal role to be played by this person in entrenching good corporate 
governance. All directors have access to the advice and services of the group 
company secretary. The board has an established procedure for directors 
to obtain independent professional advice at the group’s cost. The group 
company secretary assists directors, board committees and their members 
in obtaining professional advice.

Mrs CH Wessels was appointed group company secretary on 1 July 2011. She is 
not a director of the company, although she is a director of a number of 
subsidiaries and associates. This relationship does not affect her arm’s length 
relationship with the Exxaro board.

In line with the Listings Requirements, a detailed assessment was conducted 
by the board to satisfy itself of the competence, qualifications and experience 
of the group company secretary. This was performed through:

•  A review of qualifications and experience: Mrs Wessels holds LLB and 
LLM degrees, a certificate in advanced labour law, has completed a 
programme for management development, is an admitted advocate of 
the High Court of South Africa and is a fellow and president of Chartered 
Secretaries Southern Africa (CSSA). From 1 January 2013 she has also 
represented southern Africa as vice-president of the Corporate Secretaries 
International Association, a global federation of corporate secretaries, 
representing 70 000 members worldwide

During the review period, she co-authored the CSSA corporate 
administration textbook and contributed to the corporate secretaryship 
textbook. She also delivered presentations at nine corporate governance 
conferences and exceeded her continued professional development 
requirements as prescribed by CSSA.

•  Completion of an assessment detailing all the legislative and King III 
requirements by each director. The assessment specifically included 
questions on how effectively she performs the role as gatekeeper of 
good governance in the company, the effectiveness of the arm’s length 
relationship (including her advisory role) and how she has performed the 
role and duties as group company secretary: an average score of 3.7 out 
of 4 was achieved; indicating directors mostly strongly agreed that all 
requirements had been met, including competence, qualifications and 
experience requirements. 

p 224

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

2.22

The evaluation of the 
board, its committees 
and individual 
directors should be 
performed every 
year.

As promised in the 2011 integrated report, in 2012 an external assessment was 
conducted, involving:

•  Completion of detailed questionnaires by directors, executive heads and 

the group company secretary

• 

Individual interviews with directors, executive heads and the group 
company secretary

•  Attendance of a board and board committee meeting as observers.

The following main findings were highlighted during the assessment:

•  The board is competent, but the structure could be improved by increasing 
the number of independent non-executive directors (refer principle 2.18 
regarding current plans)

•  Core processes appear to be sound, but some areas for improvement have 

been identified

•  The board functions as an inclusive team, with contributions being 

quite varied

•  The board is well informed and attentive to key issues

•  The board comprises a highly diverse group of individuals.

The service provider rated the board as transcending from a ‘developed 
board’ to an ‘advanced board’ in respect of overall maturity.

Five priority areas for improvement have been identified and will be actioned 
during 2013. 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 225

Principle

Indicator

Comment

2.23

The board should 
delegate certain 
functions to 
well-structured 
committees but 
without abdicating its 
own responsibilities.

Section 3.84(d) 
of the Listings 
Requirements

The board committees assist the board in executing its duties, powers and 
authorities. The board delegates to each committee the required authority 
to enable it to fulfil its respective functions through formal board-approved 
terms of reference, which are reviewed annually. Each committee has a 
detailed annual workplan to ensure full oversight of all matters within their 
delegated mandate.

Delegating authority to board committees or management, other than the 
specific matters for which the audit committee carries ultimate accountability 
in terms of the Companies Act, does not mitigate or discharge the board and its 
directors of their duties and responsibilities and the board fully acknowledges 
this fact.

The committee chairmen report on committee deliberations and key issues at 
each board meeting and the minutes of all committee meetings are included in 
board meeting documentation.

Apart from the social and ethics committee, which meets biannually, all other 
board committees meet quarterly.

The board has established the following board committees:

•  Audit committee

Apart from the statutory duties of the audit committee as set out in the 
Companies Act and the provisions of the Listings Requirements of the JSE 
and King III, the ambit of this committee has been expanded to include 
financial risk management, financial compliance and integrated reporting 
(assisted by the SRC committee).

The purpose of the committee is to:

—  Examine and review the group’s financial statements and report on 

interim and final results, the accompanying message to stakeholders and 
any other announcements on the company’s results or other financial 
information to be made public

—  Oversee cooperation between internal and external auditors, and serve 

as a link between the board and these functions

—  Oversee the external audit function

—  Approve the internal audit plan, fees and qualifications of the internal 

auditors

—  Evaluate the qualification and independence of the external auditor

—  Approve external audit fees

—  Ensure effective internal financial controls are in place

—  Review the integrity of financial risk control systems and policies

—  Evaluate the scope and effectiveness of the internal audit function

—  Evaluate the competency level of the finance director and finance function

—  Appoint the chief audit executive

—  Comply with legal and regulatory requirements.

More information appears in the audit committee report.

p 226

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

•  Remuneration and nomination committee (Remco)

The purpose of this committee is to:

—  Make recommendations on remuneration policies and practices for the 
company’s executive directors, senior management and employees

—  Review compliance with all statutory and best-practice requirements 

on labour and industrial relations management in collaboration with the 
SRC committee.

Although this is a combined committee, a process is in place to ensure the 
following responsibilities for the nomination element are carried out:

—  Provide recommendations on the composition of the board and board 

committees, and ensure the board comprises individuals equipped to fulfil 
their role as directors of the company, aligned with the policy detailing 
procedures for nomination and appointments to the board

—  Provide comments and suggestions on board committee structures, 

committee operations, member qualifications and member appointment.

More information appears in the remuneration report.

The board chairman takes the chair when dealing with nomination 
committee matters.

•  Sustainability, risk and compliance committee (SRC committee)

The purpose of the committee is to:

—  Provide oversight on three important aspects influencing strategy and the 

long-term viability of the company: sustainability, risk and compliance

—  Oversee and coordinate all risk and compliance activities (although the 
audit committee remains accountable for financial risk and compliance)

—  Review significant related incidents, performance indicators and 

compliance

—  Report to the board on developments, trends or significant legislation 
on sustainability, risk and compliance matters relevant to Exxaro’s 
operations, assets and employees

—  Identify issues and elements arising from national and international 

protocols applicable to Exxaro

—  Ensure the company reports annually on sustainability, risk and 

compliance issues affecting it.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 227

Principle

Indicator

Comment

•  Social and ethics committee

The purpose of the committee is to monitor the group’s activities — taking 
account of relevant legislation, other legal requirements or prevailing codes 
of best-practice on:

—  Social and economic development

—  Good corporate citizenship

—  The environment, health and public safety, including the impact of the 

group’s activities and its products or services

—  Consumer relationships, including the group’s advertising, public relations 

and compliance with consumer protection laws

—  Labour and employment

—  Ensure the group’s ethics are managed effectively.

The ethics committee (a management committee) reports to this committee.

The following management committees support the board and CEO in the day-
to-day management of the company:

•  Executive committee (Exco)

The Exco is constituted to assist the CEO in managing the group. It assists 
the CEO in guiding and controlling the overall direction of the company and 
acts as a medium of communication and coordination between business 
units, corporate office, subsidiary companies and the board. All Exco 
members are prescribed officers in terms of the Companies Act.

Its purpose is to:

—  Oversee the financial, operational, safety, health and environmental 

performance of the group

—  Guide the group in its relations with shareholders and key stakeholders, 

including employees, regulators, interested and affected parties

—  Develop group strategies for board approval

—  Ensure coordination between business units, services and corporate office

—  Regularly review the adequacy of reporting arrangements and 

effectiveness of internal control and risk management

—  Approve or recommend to the board expenditure and other financial 
commitments as specified in the framework for the delegation of 
authority.

The committee formally meets around nine times per annum and, informally, 
each week.

p 228

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

•  Management committee (Manco)

This committee was established on 1 January 2013 and had its first meeting 
on 17 January 2013. It assists the executive head: operations in the day-to-day 
management of the coal and ferrous businesses. Its purpose is to:
—  Increase the focus on the business of today or operational excellence
—  Support management and governance structures within the current 
strategic controller governance model, to strengthen accountability, 
governance and discipline

—  Interrogate operational decisions and performance
—  Optimise use of the company’s assets
—  Broaden the structure to bring in fresh ideas
—  Allow exposure with a view towards succession planning.

The committee will meet around nine times per annum.

Manco members are not prescribed officers in terms of the Companies Act.

•  Portfolio review committee

This committee is constituted as a strategy management body to assist the 
CEO with portfolio management. Its purpose is to:
—  Ensure new opportunities fit the group’s portfolio and determine strategic 

priorities

—  Oversee strategic initiatives and investigations into the viability of potential 

investment projects throughout the group

—  Discuss and challenge the group’s portfolio performance and intended 

strategic initiatives and projects

—  Review initiatives aligned with the current strategy.

The committee meets around nine times per annum.

•  Investment review committee

This committee is constituted as a management committee to assist the CEO 
with investment and capital expenditure management processes of the group. 
Its purpose is to:
—  Oversee approval for investments and capital expenditure in line with the 
delegation of authority framework and approve expenditure within its 
mandate

—  Ensure investments and expenditure are aligned to the group’s agreed 

strategies and values

—  Identify and evaluate risks, ensure investments are fully optimised to 

produce the maximum shareholder value in an acceptable risk framework 
and that appropriate risk management strategies are pursued.

The main purpose of the committee is to review investments in a structured, 
formal and transparent manner to ensure:
—  Each project meets the strategic, technical and investment requirements 

of the company, which includes identifying and managing all project-related 
risks

—  Critical decisions, project parameters, safety, health and environmental 
impacts and governance processes are followed and addressed prior to 
committing funds

—  Each project enhances the portfolio value of the group.

The committee meets approximately nine times per annum.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 229

Principle

Indicator

Comment

•  Offshore review committee

This committee assists the finance director in managing Exxaro’s portfolio 
of offshore investments and interests. Its purpose is to:

—  Ensure financial control and governance of Exxaro’s offshore 

investments and multidisciplinary interests

—  Ensure efficient financial structuring

—  Provide for and facilitate efficient funding of offshore investments and 

expenditure

—  Ensure financial reporting, auditing, statutory and tax-related issues are 

properly managed for all offshore entities

—  Ensure the company’s offshore offices are effectively staffed, managed 

and utilised.

The committee meets as required.

All Exxaro subsidiaries have adopted and comply with the detailed delegation 
of authority framework and policy, which stipulates the governance 
framework. 

Most policies are groupwide policies, applicable to all subsidiaries.

2.24 A governance 

framework should 
be agreed between 
the group and its 
subsidiary boards.

2.25 Companies should 

Full details are disclosed in the remuneration report. 

remunerate directors 
and executives fairly 
and responsibly.

2.26 Companies should 
disclose the 
remuneration of each 
individual director 
and certain senior 
executives.

2.27

Shareholders 
should approve 
the company’s 
remuneration policy.

The remuneration of each director and prescribed officer is disclosed in the 
annual financial statements. 

At the 2012 annual general meeting, 98,72% of shareholders voted in favour 
of the remuneration policy by means of a non-binding advisory vote. This 
resolution has again been incorporated into the notice for the 2013 annual 
general meeting.

p 230

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Audit committee

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

The board should 
ensure the company 
has an effective and 
independent audit 
committee.

Section 3.84(d) 
of the Listings 
Requirements

Audit committee 
members should 
be suitably skilled 
and experienced 
independent non-
executive directors.

The audit committee 
should be chaired by 
an independent non-
executive director.

The audit committee 
should oversee 
integrated reporting.

The audit committee 
should ensure 
a combined 
assurance model is 
applied to provide 
a coordinated 
approach to all 
assurance activities.

The audit committee consists of three independent non-executive directors 
and the chairman of the board is not a member of the audit committee. Also 
refer principle 2.23.

As explained in the 2011 integrated report, for the period January to 13 June 
2012 the committee consisted of two independent non-executive directors, as 
defined in King III, and one non-executive director. All three members were, 
however, considered independent in terms of the Companies Act.

The audit committee operates in accordance with the specific statutory duties 
imposed by the Companies Act, the JSE Listings Requirements, and in line 
with detailed terms of reference, which incorporate King III principles, as well 
as duties specifically delegated by the board of directors.

Minutes of meetings are submitted to the board and the audit committee 
chairman reports on each of its four meetings at board meetings.

All three current members are independent non-executive directors. 
The committee meets the academic qualifications and experience 
requirements stipulated in regulation 42 of the Companies Regulations, 2011. 
The chairman, Mr J van Rooyen, is a chartered accountant. 

The chairman, Mr J van Rooyen, is an independent non-executive director. 

As detailed in its terms of reference, the board has specifically assigned this 
responsibility to the committee, which reviews the report prior to submission 
to the board.

The committee functions as a reporting oversight body in support of the SRC 
committee, which has a wider mandate to govern company performance on 
risk and sustainability in general.

The detailed combined assurance framework with its underlying model 
was approved at the committee meeting of 27 November 2012. A combined 
assurance map linking assurance to risks has already been drawn up 
(a summary is included on page 34).

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 231

Principle

Indicator

Comment

3.6

The audit committee 
should satisfy itself 
of the expertise, 
resources and 
experience of the 
company’s finance 
function. 

Section 3.84(h) 
of the Listings 
Requirements

3.7

3.8

3.9

The audit committee 
should be responsible 
for overseeing 
internal audit.

The audit committee 
should be an integral 
component of the 
risk management 
process.

The audit committee 
is responsible for 
recommending the 
appointment of the 
external auditor 
and overseeing 
the external audit 
process.

During the period, and for the first time, an external review was conducted 
in order to assist the committee in this process: this was done through an 
independent assessment of the finance function, including the finance 
director, using a widely circulated questionnaire that dealt with:

•  Leadership and strategic capabilities

•  Goal achievement

•  Managing operations

•  Customer service

•  Effective use of resources

•  People development

•  Managing talent

•  Relationships and team effectiveness

•  Roles and responsibilities

•  Managing risk, governance and controls

•  Compliance, legislation, policies and procedures

•  Technology

•  Technical competencies.

On the basis of the report, the committee reviewed and satisfied itself of the 
expertise, resources and experience of the company’s finance function and 
the competence of the finance director at its meeting on 28 February 2013. 

The report had indicated the following comfort levels:

•  Resources and capacity — 81%

•  Experience — 84%

•  Expertise — 81%.

As detailed in its terms of reference, the board has specifically assigned this 
responsibility to the committee. The independent internal auditor submits 
detailed reports to each meeting, the chairman meets independently with 
internal audit and biannually the committee meets with internal and external 
audit without management present. 

Although the coordination of enterprise risk management has been delegated 
to the SRC committee, the audit committee remains involved to be able to 
express a view on the system of internal control and risk management and 
specifically retains accountability for financial risk.

At the first meeting of each year, the committee assesses the suitability 
of the independent external auditor for reappointment and makes such 
recommendation to shareholders at the annual general meeting. The external 
auditor submits detailed reports to each meeting, the chairman meets 
independently with external audit and biannually the committee meets with 
internal and external audit without management present.

p 232

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

3.10

The audit committee 
should report to 
the board and 
shareholders on how 
it has discharged its 
duties.

Governance of risk

4.1

The board should be 
responsible for the 
governance of risk.

4.2

4.3

4.4

The board should 
determine the levels 
of risk tolerance.

The risk committee 
or audit committee 
should assist the 
board in carrying 
out its risk 
responsibilities.

The board should 
delegate to 
management the 
responsibility to 
design, implement 
and monitor the risk 
management plan.

An audit committee report is included in the integrated report and the 
committee chairman is present at the annual general meeting to respond to 
questions.

Although the board has delegated responsibility for risk governance and 
the enterprise risk management framework to the SRC committee, it retains 
accountability for risk governance. Because of the interrelationship of 
strategy, risk, performance and sustainability, the committee considers 
this regularly as part of its strategic deliberations. This is articulated in the 
enterprise risk management framework, which was approved by the board in 
November 2011. 

Although the board has been involved in implementation of the new enterprise 
risk management framework since late 2011 and has been party to a number 
of detailed discussions and informally expressed views on tolerance levels, 
definite financial tolerance levels have not yet been determined and will 
receive attention in 2013. 

The SRC committee as well as the audit committee assist the board in this 
respect.

See the section on risk management for further details of this process.

Execution of risk management has been delegated to the governance, risk and 
compliance department.

Risk champions at all operations and service functions oversee entrenchment 
of the process. This includes ensuring risk owners continuously identify, 
assess, mitigate and manage risks within the existing and ever-changing risk 
profile of their operating environment. In addition, risk champions coordinate 
risk management forums at business units and service functions which, 
in turn, escalate risks against defined parameters to similar forums at a 
consolidated commodity and group level.

The risk manager is responsible for reporting to the SRC committee and the 
audit committee.

Exxaro implemented a risk management enabler during 2012 and the 
system successfully went live on 30 November. This process will ensure 
full transparency and accountability in managing risks and reporting on 
the effectiveness of mitigation techniques to ensure Exxaro achieves its 
strategic objectives.

See the section on risk management for further details of this process.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 233

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Formal risk assessments are conducted at least biannually at all business units 
and service functions in line with the detailed enterprise risk management 
framework. 

The enterprise risk management framework, as far as reasonably possible, 
includes processes to prompt identification of unpredictable risks, including 
events with high impacts and low probability that would cause severe business 
disruptions. 

Although the board has delegated the responsibility for risk management, 
it reviews the top enterprise risks and responses annually and also considers 
these in detail during the annual strategic planning session.

Refer principle 4.4

The independent internal auditor provides assurance to the board on the 
effectiveness of the risk management process.

The top enterprise risks are disclosed in this report. Significant issues are 
disclosed in media reports and on the JSE Securities Exchange News Service 
(SENS) throughout the year as deemed appropriate. 

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

4.10

The board should 
ensure risk 
assessments 
are performed 
continually.

The board should 
ensure frameworks 
and methodologies 
are implemented 
to increase the 
probability of 
anticipating 
unpredictable risks.

The board should 
ensure management 
considers and 
implements 
appropriate risk 
responses.

The board should 
ensure continual 
risk monitoring by 
management.

The board should 
receive assurance on 
the effectiveness of 
the risk management 
process.

The board should 
ensure there 
are processes in 
place enabling 
complete, timely, 
relevant, accurate 
and accessible 
risk disclosure to 
stakeholders.

p 234

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Governance of information technology

5.1

The board should 
be responsible 
for information 
technology (IT) 
governance.

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.6

5.7

IT should be aligned 
with the performance 
and sustainability 
objectives of the 
company.

The board should 
delegate to 
management the 
responsibility for 
implementation of 
an IT governance 
framework.

The board should 
monitor and 
evaluate significant 
IT investments and 
expenditure.

IT should form an 
integral part of 
the company’s risk 
management.

The board should 
ensure information 
assets are managed 
effectively.

 A risk committee 
and audit committee 
should assist the 
board in carrying out 
its IT responsibilities.

The board has not delegated this responsibility and will retain accountability 
for IT governance until the understanding at board level has matured.

As reported last year, the board approved an information and communications 
technology (ICT) governance framework in November 2011; processes to 
entrench this framework are under way. The implementation of our new 
operating system and the time required to embed this system and the 
new operating model detracted from the focus to fully entrench the ICT 
governance framework in 2012. Significant effort will be employed in this area 
in 2013 and beyond.

Detailed information on IT governance was presented to the board at its 
meeting in June 2012.

The IT strategy’s overarching objective is the alignment and integration of 
all underlying systems to support truly integrated strategy, governance, risk, 
compliance, performance and sustainability.

In 2013, all possible aspects of non-alignment will receive attention.

The implementation of the governance framework has been delegated to the 
corporate information management department. 

ICT acquisitions fall within the same capital approval parameters as other 
projects and would thus, based on value, be elevated to the board. Through 
the entrenchment of the ICT governance framework, the board will focus more 
on this in future. 

The enterprise risk management framework includes assessment and 
management of all ICT risks, and the risk impact matrix specifically refers 
to IT-related impacts, which form part of any risk assessment. Information 
technology enablers are used during the risk assessment process.

A detailed IT asset portfolio has been compiled. Monthly reports clearly 
indicate how well information assets are managed. Reporting to and review 
by the board must, however, be entrenched in 2013. 

Refer principle 5.1

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 235

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Compliance with laws, rules, codes and standards

The board charter specifically refers to this duty and the board has adopted 
a compliance policy that sets out the compliance framework, which is in line 
with the standards of the Compliance Institute of South Africa.

The SRC committee is charged, as per its terms of reference, to review all 
compliance risks as part of the enterprise risk management process. The risk 
impact matrix, adopted by the board, makes specific reference to compliance 
impacts that would prevent the group from achieving its strategic objectives. 
To ensure the best overall risk coverage, standardisation and discharging 
of the accountability of risk owners in this regard, implementation of all 
mitigation techniques is coordinated centrally.

Significant progress was made in 2012 to ensure our combined assurance 
process is risk based. Specific emphasis has been placed on assurance 
activities covering our most important compliance controls that relate to 
‘licence to operate’ issues.

The following compliance assurance activities have been concluded, and 
findings reported:
•  Social and labour plans audits — all operations
•  Mining charter audits — all operations
• 

Integrated water use licence audits — technical audits at all operations and 
legal audits at Matla and Leeuwpan.

In 2012, material compliance key performance indicators or KPIs were 
developed. These form part of the overall sustainability KPIs developed as 
part of the SRC committee reporting guidelines and will now be included in 
integrated reporting to all management committees, the executive committee, 
SRC committee and the board.

Information on laws, rules, codes and standards are shared with directors 
regularly through documentation and governance sessions — refer 
principle 2.20.

The regulatory universe of Exxaro was updated in 2012 and executive 
summaries and compliance risk management plans compiled on all material 
laws and regulations. Control self-assessment questionnaires were developed 
and will be rolled out in 2013.

Refer principle 6.1 and 6.4.

6.1

The board should 
ensure the company 
complies with 
applicable laws and 
considers adherence 
to non-binding rules, 
codes and standards.

6.2

6.3

The board and each 
director should 
have a working 
understanding of the 
effect of applicable 
laws, rules, codes 
and standards on 
the company and its 
business.

Compliance risk 
should form an 
integral part of 
the company’s 
risk management 
process.

p 236

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

6.4

The board should 
delegate to 
management the 
implementation of an 
effective compliance 
framework and 
processes.

Internal audit

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.5

The board should 
ensure there is an 
effective risk-based 
internal audit.

Internal audit should 
follow a risk-based 
approach to its plan.

Internal audit should 
provide a written 
assessment of the 
effectiveness of the 
company’s system of 
internal control and 
risk management.

The audit committee 
should be responsible 
for overseeing 
internal audit.

Internal audit should 
be strategically 
positioned to achieve 
its objectives.

Implementation has been delegated to the governance, risk and compliance 
department. All management teams at our operations have received 
training on the enterprise risk management process, including compliance 
risk management. Compliance risks form part of the risk registers of all 
operations, including those of:
•  Regional management
•  Executive committee
•  The board.

Combined assurance mapping has also been completed on all material 
compliance risks at every operation and results will now form part of their 
management action plans as well as the risk-based internal audit plan.

Ernst & Young (E&Y) was appointed as the company’s independent internal 
auditor in 2012. E&Y works closely with the governance, risk and compliance 
department, specifically the chief audit executive, to ensure a risk-based 
approach to its plan.

The internal auditor submitted such assessment for 2012 to the audit 
committee at its meeting on 28 February 2013.

Refer to the audit committee report for further details.

Refer principle 3.7

Internal audit reports to the chief audit executive, who is a standing invitee to 
meetings of the executive committee, audit committee, SRC committee and 
social and ethics committee.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 237

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Governing stakeholder relationships

8.1

The board should 
appreciate that 
stakeholders’ 
perceptions affect 
a company’s 
reputation.

8.2

The board should 
delegate to 
management to 
proactively deal 
with stakeholder 
relationships.

This is specifically acknowledged in the board charter and is one of our five 
key strategic thrusts: “protect and build Exxaro’s reputation”.

In 2012, a number of negative press articles were published on Exxaro’s 
mining activities, specifically at Leeuwpan mine, alleging that Exxaro was 
mining without a valid water use licence. The SRC committee and the board 
were acutely aware of the risk to the group’s reputation and intimately 
involved in remedial actions taken to resolve the matter. Exxaro resultantly 
took urgent legal action against the Minister of Water Affairs (DWA) in the 
North Gauteng High Court and specifically requested a ruling on the following 
matters:
•  That directives issued by the DWA be suspended or, alternatively;
•  That the DWA be interdicted against taking any steps against Leeuwpan 

mine (ie executing the directives); and

•  That the DWA reinstate the Water Tribunal according to the provisions 

made in the National Water Act 36 of 1998 (NWA).

On 7 December 2012, the court ruled in favour of Exxaro and, in brief, 
determined that:
•  The matter was urgent
•  The directives issued against Exxaro’s Leeuwpan mine by the DWA be 

suspended immediately

•  The minister had no executive powers of authority outside the legislation 

of the NWA by placing the Water Tribunal in abeyance

•  The NWA obligates the minister under section 146 of the act to reinstate 

the Water Tribunal

•  Exxaro should have recourse to have its appeals heard by the Water 

Tribunal.

The DWA had initially decided to appeal against the decision, but the 
application for leave to appeal was withdrawn on 19 March 2013. There can be 
no further appeal, thus the order granted in favour of Exxaro remains in full 
force and effect.

Although legal action against government departments could also hurt a 
company’s reputation, the board deemed it imperative to set the record 
straight and ensure Exxaro’s reputation as a responsible and legally compliant 
corporate citizen is maintained. 

A number of departments are accountable for dealing with various 
stakeholder groupings, including corporate affairs, investor relations, 
corporate secretariat, human resources and sustainability. The group strives 
to engage openly and proactively with stakeholders. Issues and requests 
from stakeholders are managed as part of ongoing engagement programmes 
implemented by dedicated teams across the group.

p 238

GOVERNANCE

Principle

Indicator

Comment

8.3

8.4

The board should 
strive to achieve 
the appropriate 
balance between its 
various stakeholder 
groupings, in the 
best interest of the 
company.

Companies should 
ensure equitable 
treatment of 
shareholders.

8.5

Transparent 
and effective 
communication 
with stakeholders is 
essential for building 
and maintaining their 
trust and confidence.

8.6

The board should 
ensure disputes 
are resolved as 
effectively, efficiently 
and expeditiously as 
possible.

The group has identified its stakeholder groups and appropriate management 
from various functions in the group are assigned to manage relationships 
with stakeholders. The intention is to promote two-way engagement so 
that the group and stakeholders understand one another. A communication 
strategy provides appropriate support and offers opportunities for effective 
engagement.

The group fully complies with the JSE Listings Requirements on disclosure 
of information to shareholders. A detailed securities dealing and information 
policy was approved by the board in November 2011 and sets out strict rules 
on material price-sensitive information and its disclosure. Any material price-
sensitive information and other relevant information is published on SENS in 
accordance with the Listings Requirements.

In addition, a Tronox Limited securities dealing and information policy was 
approved during 2012 to ensure full compliance with the United States of 
America federal and state securities laws in respect of our significant equity 
interest in Tronox.

All queries from shareholders are handled by the group company secretary 
or investor relations and only information available in the public domain is 
disclosed. 

The group’s communications strategy is guided by principles including 
being approachable, genuine and ethical. The group strives for honest and 
clear communication and uses various channels such as media relations, 
advertising, integrated reporting and its website to reach as many 
stakeholders as possible timeously.

The group’s promotion of access to information manual is available on the 
website. One formal request (with related follow-up requests) for information 
in terms of the manual was received during the year and adhered to, except 
for the request to receive Leeuwpan mine’s mining right, which was refused 
in accordance with section 5.1 of the manual dealing with confidential 
information.

Dispute-resolution clauses are contained in all Exxaro’s general contract 
conditions and are based on the principle of internal resolution between the 
parties as a first means of addressing disputes, after which arbitration would 
be used if the matter remained unresolved.

The board considers serious disputes (as per the DWA court case referred to 
above) and considers the company’s position and best legal recourse.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 239

Principle

Indicator

Comment

Integrated reporting and disclosure

Both the audit committee and SRC committee review the integrated report 
and recommend approval of the report to the board. The board reviews and 
finally approves the content of the integrated report prior to publication. 

Although the process of integrated reporting is still maturing, the company 
has integrated its sustainability and financial reporting. Continuous efforts 
will be made to incorporate reporting best practice and improve the level 
of integration. 

PwC completed an independent assessment of key aspects of the 
sustainability reporting and disclosure.

Refer page 326

9.1

9.2

9.3

The board should 
ensure the integrity 
of the company’s 
integrated report.

Sustainability 
reporting and 
disclosure should be 
integrated with the 
company’s financial 
reporting.

Sustainability 
reporting and 
disclosure should 
be independently 
assured.

Applied

Partial application

p 240

GOVERNANCE

2012 meeting attendance

The tables below reflect attendance at board, special board and board committee meetings for the review period.

16 Feb 12
 (special) 21 Feb 12

18 Apr 12
 (governance)

13 Jun 12 30 Jul 12

28 Sep 12
 (special)

31 Oct 12

 (governance) 29 Nov 12

12 Dec 12
 (special)

Board 

D Konar 
(chairman) 

WA de Klerk 

P

P

P

P

S Dakile-
Hlongwane 

Not yet
 appointed

Not yet
 appointed

JJ Geldenhuys 

CI Griffith 

U Khumalo 

VZ Mntambo 

RP Mohring 

SA Nkosi 

P

T

P

P

P

P

P

P

A

P

P

P

P

P

 P 

P

P

P

A

P

P

P

A

P

P

A

P

A

P

P

MF Randera 

Not yet
 appointed

Not yet
 appointed

Not yet
 appointed

Not yet
 appointed

P

P

P

P

T

A

A

A

 P 

A

P

P

NL Sowazi 

J van Rooyen 

D Zihlangu 

present
P 
apology
A 
T 
telecon
NR  not required

P

P

 P 

P

T

P

P

P

P

A

P

P

P

P

 P 

P

P

P

Not 
present

P

P

P

Not 
present

P

P

P

 P 

P

P

A

A

P

P

P

A

P

P

P

 A 

P

A

A

A

P

P

P

P

P

P

T

NR

T

NR

NR

NR

P

P

NR

NR

T

Not 
present

 P 

 A 

 P 

 NR 

Audit committee 

16 Feb 12

23 May 12

26 Jul 12

27 Nov 12

J van Rooyen (chairman) 

P

P

JJ Geldenhuys

RP Mohring 

NL Sowazi 

P  present

Not yet appointed

Not yet appointed

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

Non-member

Non-member

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 241

16 Feb 12*

23 May 12*

14 Jun 12 
(special)

16 Aug 12

28 Sep 12 
(special)

7 Nov 12*

P

P

T

P

A 

P

P

P

 P 

Not yet
 appointed

P

P

T

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

Not present

P

P

A

P

A

T

Remuneration and 
nomination committee 

RP Mohring (chairman) 

JJ Geldenhuys 

CI Griffith 

VZ Mntambo 

D Konar 

(nomination)

Including nomination committee matters

* 
P   present
A  apology
T  telecon

Sustainability, risk and compliance committee 

15 Feb 12

30 May 12

26 Jul 12

30 Oct 12

JJ Geldenhuys (chairman) 

RP Mohring 

D Zihlangu 

S Dakile-Hlongwane 

P  present
A  apology

Social and ethics committee 

J van Rooyen (chairman)* 

JJ Geldenhuys 

RP Mohring 

MF Randera 

P

P

P

P

P

 P 

Not yet
 appointed

Not yet 
appointed

P

P

A

P

P

P

P

P

27 Mar 12

30 Oct 2

P

P

P

Not yet 
appointed

P

P

P

 P 

P  present
*  Dr MF Randera replaced Mr J van Rooyen as chairman with effect from 4 March 2013 and Mr van Rooyen resigned as a member with effect from the 

same date

p 242

GROUP FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE 
IN BRIEF

Net debt: equity 8%

Return on capital employed 45% — down 2%

Return on equity 37% — down 8%

TOTAL ASSETS OF

R41,6bn 

2ND LARGEST COAL  
PRODUCER IN SA

40Mtpa 

COMMODITY PORTFOLIO

COAL

TiO2

FERROUS

ENERGY

R60bn

MARKET  
CAPITALISATION

HEPS of 1 401 cents — down 33%
AEPS of 2 734 cents — up 24%

Final dividend of 150 cents per share — down 70%

Total dividend of 500 cents per share — down 38%

Revenue

R16,1bn

down 23%

Core net operation profit at

R2,9bn 

down 16%

NAV per share 

R80

up 19% 

LTIFR

0,29

against group target of 0,15

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 243

Comparability of results
The comparability of the group’s results for the year ended 31 December 2012 and 2011 
is impacted by profits realised on the sale of mineral sands (R3 451 million), Rosh Pinah 
operations (R544 million) and other non-core assets (R42 million) in 2012, the partial 
impairment reversal of the carrying value of property, plant and equipment at KZN 
Sands of R103 million (2011: R869 million), as well as R516 million impairment of the 
carrying value of property, plant and equipment at the Zincor refinery in 2011. The 
disposal of the mineral sands, operations and Rosh Pinah businesses’ financial results 
effectively being included in the annual results for approximately five and half and 
five months respectively, compared to the full 12 months period in 2011.

The group early adopted the revised suite of consolidation standards which 
included Internal Accounting Standards (IAS) 27 Separate Financial Statements, 
IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (revised) as well as International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 10 Consolidated Financial Statements 
(as amended), IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements (as amended) and IFRS 12 Disclosure of 
Interests in Other Entities (as amended). As such the Mafube Coal Proprietary Limited 
and South Dunes Coal Terminal Company Proprietary Limited (SDCT) joint ventures, 
which were previously proportionately consolidated, are now equity accounted. 
This has resulted in the restatement of the 2011 financial results to reflect the new 
accounting method treatment. 

The group’s statement of financial position and key financial metrics remain healthy 
and provide a solid platform for our growth aspirations. 

Revenue
Group consolidated revenue decreased 23% to R16 122 million, mainly as a result of 
the inclusion of the mineral sands and Rosh Pinah businesses for, effectively, five and 
a half and five months, respectively, in the 2012 financial year compared to 12 months 
in 2011 as well as challenging coal trading conditions.

The combination of lower prices realised on domestic and export sales, coupled with 
lower volumes, translated into Coal revenue of R12 064 million being 3% lower than 
in 2011. This was partially offset by higher revenue from Eskom sales.

Net operating profit
Group consolidated net operating profit was R355 million lower at R3 417 million after 
exclusion of the R103 million (2011: R869 million) partial reversal of the impairment 
of property, plant and equipment at KZN Sands, the profits recognised on the sale 
of mineral sands, Rosh Pinah operation and other non-core assets of R3 451 million, 
R544 million and R42 million respectively, as well as the R516 million impairment of 
property, plant and equipment at the Zincor refinery in 2011.

The cessation of production at Zincor at the end of 2011 and the inclusion of 
Rosh Pinah in 2012 for only five months resulted in cost savings of approximately 
R2 143 million in 2012. 

p 244

GROUP FINANCIAL 
PERFORMANCE IN BRIEF

A 32% decrease in Coal’s net operating profit to R2 105 million (at an operating 
margin of 17%) was recorded, mainly as a result of the decrease in export volumes 
(R213 million) and selling prices (R316 million), inflationary pressures (R365 million) 
and higher operating costs (R684 million). These were partially offset by the 
favourable impact of the ZAR weakness against the US$ in 2012 compared to 2011 
(R486 million). Included in the cost increases were R207 million higher distribution 
costs, R223 million in price adjustments on the Mafube buy-ins as well as corporate 
service fee redirected to the coal business of R253 million, mainly as a result of the 
discontinuation of the mineral sands and Rosh Pinah operations. The estimated coal 
rehabilitation and decommissioning provisions were independently reviewed and 
standardised in 2012. This had a R102 million negative impact on the net operating 
profit from recorded scope changes for the coal operations.

Earnings
Attributable earnings, inclusive of Exxaro’s equity-accounted investment in associates, 
amounted to R9 677 million or 2 734 cents per share, representing a 24% increase 
from 2011 mainly as a result of the profits realised on sale of subsidiaries and other 
non-core assets.

Headline earnings
Headline earnings recorded, which exclude, inter alia, the impact of impairments 
and impairment reversals as well as profits realised on the sale of subsidiaries, were 
R4 958 million or 1 401 cents per share. This represents a 33% decrease on the 2011 
headline earnings per share.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 245

Segmental results

Revenue (Rm)
Coal operations

Tied1
Commercial

Mineral sands

KZN Sands2
Namakwa Sands
Australia Sands

Base metals

Rosh Pinah
Zincor3
Inter-segmental

Other

Total external revenue

Net operating profit (Rm)

Coal

Tied1
Commercial

Mineral sands

KZN Sands2
Namakwa Sands
Australia Sands

Base metals

Rosh Pinah
Zincor3
Other4

Other5

Total net operating profit

Year ended 31 December

2012

2011
Restated

12 064

12 420

3 449
8 615

3 594

855
1 589
1 150

299

218
81

165

16 122

2 105   

285
1 820

1 925

680
1 009
236

422

(7)
(91)
520

3 105

7 557

3 140
9 280

6 587

1 196
2 904
2 487

1 847

698
1 550
(402)

108

20 962

3 083

309
2 774

2 678

753
987
938

(1 145)

102
(1 239)
(8)

(491)

4 125

1  Tied operations refer to mines that supply their entire production to either Eskom or ArcelorMittal South 

Africa (AMSA) in terms of contractual agreements
Includes a partial impairment reversal of R103 million in 2012 (2011: R869 million) of the carrying value of 
property, plant and equipment at KZN Sands
Includes an impairment of R516 million of the carrying value of property, plant and equipment at Zincor 
refinery in 2011
Includes the profit on sale of subsidiaries of R544 million on the sale of the Rosh Pinah operation
Includes the profit on sale of subsidiaries of R3 451 million on the sale of mineral sands operations

2 

3 

4 
5  

p 246

GROUP FINANCIAL 
PERFORMANCE IN BRIEF

Coal

Production (’000t) 
Power station coal

Tied
Commercial

Coking coal

Tied
Commercial

Steam coal
Char 

Total production (excluding buy-ins)
Buy-ins 

Total production (including buy-ins)

Sales (’000t)
Power station coal

Tied
Commercial

Other domestic coal

Tied
Commercial

Export
Char 

Total sales

Base metals

Production (’000t)
Zinc concentrate (Rosh Pinah) 
Zinc metal (Zincor)
Lead concentrate (Rosh Pinah) 

Sales (’000t)

Zinc concentrate (Rosh Pinah)
Zinc metal (Zincor)
Lead concentrate (Rosh Pinah) 

Year ended 31 December

2012

2011
Restated

 32 042

 13 029
 19 013 

 2 367

 339
 2 028

 5 599
 43

 40 051
 1 111

41 162

 31 367

 13 022
 18 345

 4 994

 283
 4 711

 3 894
 62 

 31 765

 12 441
 19 324 

 2 161

 299
 1 862 

 5 966
142

 40 034
 1 636

41 670

 31 681

 12 443
 19 238 

 4 841

 325
 4 516 

4 898
 129

 40 317

 41 549

33
6

37

4

89
73
16

86
18

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 247

Operational performance
Production and sales
Power station coal production from the tied mines was 588kt (5%) higher compared 
with 2011, mainly as a result of a 798kt increase at Matla, partially offset by the closure 
of the Mooifontein opencast mine and the ongoing difficult geological conditions which 
resulted in lower production volumes at Arnot.

The higher sales volumes from the tied mines were mainly due to higher production at 
Matla and increased demand from Eskom. 

The commercial mines’ power station coal production was lower by 311kt (2%) 
compared with 2011 due to 933kt lower production at Grootegeluk. The dispatch 
conveyor belt to Eskom Matimba power station broke down early in 2012, resulting in 
production cut-backs. This was partially offset by 452kt higher production at NBC due 
to improved yields achieved. Leeuwpan production increased by 170kt as a result of 
improved demand.

Grootegeluk’s coking coal production was 166kt (9%) higher as a result of increased 
off-take from Eskom coupled with an improved logistics process. This resulted in 137kt 
(5%) higher sales, partially offset by lower off-take by AMSA.

Steam coal production was 367kt (6%) lower mainly due to 355kt lower production at 
Leeuwpan as a result of lower yields achieved, coupled with lower demand from AMSA.

The char plant production was 70% lower mainly due to the downturn in the 
ferrochrome industry, with production deliberately reduced to manage high stock 
levels. This industry downturn translated into decreased sales compared to 2011.

Export sales were 21% lower mainly due to Transnet Freight Rail performing at a 
lower level compared to the previous year, lower exports via Maputo due to the lower 
average price realised, as well as production difficulties predominantly at Mafube. 
Some of the steam coal was successfully redirected to the domestic market mainly 
from Leeuwpan and NCC, albeit at lower prices.

Income from equity-accounted investments — net of tax
Equity-accounted investments in the post-tax profits of associates consist of Exxaro’s 
interest in SIOC of R3 202 million, in Black Mountain Mining Proprietary Limited 
(Black Mountain) of R101 million and in Tronox’s effective losses of R250 million. After 
the completion of the purchase price allocation process, a total of R470 million was 
accounted for as the excess of fair value of the net asset value over the cost of the 
investment in Tronox.

SIOC
Tronox
Black Mountain
Mafube
Cennergi
Chifeng1

Year ended 31 December

2012

Rm

3 202
(250)
101
144
(65)

2011
Restated
Rm

4 456

210
76

3

Total equity income

3 132

4 745

1  Exxaro’s effective shareholding in Chifeng Zinc refinery has been diluted from 22% to 11,97%. Chifeng is no 

longer accounted for as an associate but rather as a financial asset

p 248

GROUP FINANCIAL 
PERFORMANCE IN BRIEF

Dividends
Total dividends paid in 2012 amounted to R3 012 million, made up of a dividend 
of R1 771 million that relates to the period to 31 December 2011, which was paid in 
April 2012, as well as an interim dividend of R1 241 million paid in September 2012.

A fi nal dividend for 2012 of 150 cents per share (2011: 500 cents per share) was 
approved by the board of directors on 6 March 2013. 

Since inception, Exxaro has declared dividends of R4,7 billion to its BEE HoldCo, 
Main Street 333 Proprietary Limited shareholders.

Cash fl ows
Cash retained from operations was R3 969 million for the group. This was primarily 
used to fund net fi nancing charges of R137 million, taxation payments of R277 million 
and dividends paid of R3 012 million. A total of R3 761 million of capital expenditure 
was invested in new capacity, with R1 572 million applied towards sustaining and 
environmental capital. A total of R3 154 million of the capital investment in new 
capacity was for the Grootegeluk Medupi Expansion Project.

Net cash/(debt) variance (Rm)

3 969

(137)

(277)

346

(3 012)

5

4

3

2

1

m
0R

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

213

4 023

(2 198)

(5 333)

Net 
cash 1 Jan 2012gege
Net cash
1 Jan 
2012

Cash 
generate
Cash 
generated

Net 
financing 
Net 
costs
fi nancing 
costs

Tax
Tax

Dividends
 paid
Dividends 
paid

Capex

Capex

Dividends 
received
Dividends 
received

Other

Other

Net debt
31 Dec 2012
Net debt 
31 Dec 
2012

(1 990)
Investing 
activities
Investing 
and
activities 
non-controlling
and non-
intereset acquired
controlling 
interest 
acquired

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 249

Debt structure and financial covenants

Ratios

Net financing cost cover (times): EBITDA
Return on equity: attributable income (%)
Return on capital employed (%)

The group’s debt structure at 31 December 2012

2012

11
37
45

2011

22
37
46

Facilities available

Interest-bearing borrowings
Capitalised transaction cost
Total interest-bearing borrowings
Cash and cash equivalents

Net debt

Net debt/equity ratio (%)

Maturity profile of debt (Rm)

Repayment year
2015
2016
After 2016

Capital expenditure

Sustaining and environmental

– Coal
– Mineral sands
– Base metals
– Other

Expansion

– Coal
– GMEP
– Mineral sands
– Ferrous
– Other

Undrawn
Rm

5 749

Drawn
Rm

2 800
(49)
2 751
(553)

2 198

8

333
333
2 134

2 800

Estimate

Actual

2014
Rm

1 978

1 863

115

4 582

1 170
516

2 613
283

2013
Rm

2 386

1 971

415

4 602

509
1 939

2 087
67

2012
Rm

1 572

1 009
335
33
195

3 761

203
3 013
80
422
43

2011
Rm

1 591

566
621
109
295

3 267

151
3 070
44

2

Total capital expenditure

6 560

6 988

5 333

4 858

Exxaro’s growth initiatives continue to focus on diversifying the business with carbon, 
reductants, ferrous and energy projects, aligned with the group’s approved commodity 
strategy.

p 250

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITY 
FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING

To the shareholders of Exxaro Resources Limited
The directors of the company are responsible for maintaining adequate accounting records, the preparation of the annual 
financial statements of the company and group as well as to develop and maintain a sound system of internal controls 
to safeguard shareholders’ investments and group and company’s assets. In presenting the accompanying financial 
statements, International Financial Reporting Standards have been followed, applicable accounting policies have been used 
and prudent judgements and estimates have been made.

In order for the directors to discharge their responsibilities, management has developed and continues to maintain a 
system of internal controls aimed at reducing the risk of error or loss in a cost-effective manner. Such systems can provide 
reasonable but not absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss. The directors, primarily through the audit 
committee, which consists only of independent non-executive directors, meet periodically with the external and internal 
auditors, as well as executive management to evaluate matters concerning accounting policies, internal controls, auditing, 
financial reporting and risk management. The group’s internal auditors independently evaluate the internal controls and 
coordinate their audit coverage with the independent external auditors. The independent external auditors are responsible 
for reporting on the company and consolidated group financial statements. The external and internal auditors have 
unrestricted access to all records, property and personnel as well as to the audit committee. 

The directors have reviewed the company and consolidated group financial budgets along with the underlying business 
plans for the period to 31 December 2013. In light of the current company and consolidated financial position and existing 
borrowing facilities, they consider it appropriate that the company and consolidated group annual financial statements be 
prepared on the going-concern basis.

The independent external auditors are responsible for reporting on whether the company and consolidated group 
annual financial statements are fairly represented in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. 
The independent external auditors have audited the annual financial statements of the company and group and their 
unmodified report appears on page 252.

Against this background, the directors of the company accept responsibility for the company and consolidated group annual 
financial statements, which were approved by the board of directors on 28 March 2013 and are signed on its behalf by:

SA Nkosi   
Chief executive officer 

WA de Klerk 
Finance director 

CERTIFICATE BY GROUP COMPANY 
SECRETARY

In terms of section 88(e) of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, as amended (Companies Act), I, CH Wessels, in my capacity 
as group company secretary, confirm that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, for the year ended 31 December 2012, 
Exxaro Resources Limited has filed with the Companies and Intellectual Property Commission all such returns and notices 
as are required of a public company in terms of the Companies Act and that all such returns and notices appear to be true, 
correct and up to date.

CH Wessels
Group company secretary

28 March 2013

 
 
  
 
 
AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 251

The company’s audit committee is established as a statutory committee in terms of section 94(2) of the Companies 
Act No 71 of 2008, as amended (Companies Act) and oversees audit committee matters for all of the South African 
subsidiaries within the Exxaro group, as permitted by section 94(2)(a) of the Companies Act. 

The audit committee operates in accordance with the specific statutory duties imposed by the Companies Act, the JSE 
Listings Requirements, as well as in accordance with detailed terms of reference, which has incorporated the principles 
contained in the King report on governance for South Africa 2009, as well as duties specifically delegated by the company’s 
board of directors.

The committee consists of three independent non-executive directors and the chairman of the board is not a member of the 
audit committee. It meets four times a year and details of attendance are contained in the Governance Report. 

The group’s independent external auditors are PricewaterhouseCoopers Incorporated (PwC). Fees paid to the auditors are 
disclosed in note 5 to the annual financial statements.

Exxaro has an approved board policy to regulate the use of non-audit services by the group’s independent auditors. 
The policy differentiates between permitted and prohibited non-audit services, and specifies a monetary threshold by which 
approvals are considered. During the year under review, fees paid to PwC amounted to R75 million in total, which included 
R46 million for the 2012 statutory audit and related activities and R29 million for non-audit services. Non-audit services 
rendered by the independent external auditors during the period comprised tax advisory and tax compliance services, 
due-diligence reviews, accounting opinions and other advisory services. As reported in 2011, the higher than ideal value of 
non-audit services rendered was mostly as a result of consulting work completed as part of the Tronox Limited transaction, 
which had started and was approved prior to appointing PwC as independent external auditors. The audit committee 
is satisfied with the level and extent of non-audit services rendered during the year by PwC as well as their continued 
independence.

The committee annually assesses the independence of the external auditors and again completed such assessment at its 
meeting on 28 February 2013. PwC were required to confirm that:
•  They are not precluded from re-appointment due to any impediment in section 90(b) of the Companies Act;
• 

In compliance with section 91(5) of the Companies Act, by comparison with the membership of the firm at the time of its 
re-appointment in 2012, more than one half of the members remain in 2013; and

•  They remain independent, as required by section 94(7)(a) of the Companies Act and the JSE Listings Requirements.

Based on the above assessment, the committee re-nominated PwC as independent external auditors for the 2013 financial 
year. Shareholders will therefore be requested to re-elect PwC as independent auditors for the 2013 financial year at the 
annual general meeting of 24 May 2013. 

The committee reviewed the company and consolidated group annual financial statements and accounting practices in 
detail and is satisfied that the information contained in the financial statements, as well as the application of accounting 
practices applied are reasonable. 

The committee, with input and reports from the internal and external auditors, reviewed the company’s system of internal 
financial control during the year under review. As a result of the implementation of a new operating model and associated 
technological enabler, certain deficiencies in the system of internal control have been identified. These deficiencies are 
being adequately addressed by management. In the interim, manual verification processes have been implemented, where 
relevant, and the independent external auditors have applied appropriate substantive procedures in order to mitigate 
potential risks. The chief audit executive and the committee will continue monitoring progress and maturity improvement 
in the internal control environment on a regular basis.

Further information on the activities of the committee is contained in the Governance Report. 

J van Rooyen
Audit committee chairman

Pretoria
28 March 2013

p 252

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 
ON THE ABRIDGED CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

To the shareholders of Exxaro Resources Limited
The abridged consolidated financial statements, which comprise the abridged consolidated statement of financial position 
as at 31 December 2012 and the abridged consolidated statement of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash 
flows  for the year then ended, and related notes, as set out on pages 290 to 310, are derived from the audited consolidated 
financial statements of Exxaro Resources Limited for the year ended 31 December 2012 . We expressed an unmodified audit 
opinion on those consolidated financial statements in our report dated 5 April 2013. Our auditor’s report on the audited 
consolidated financial statements contained an other matter paragraph (refer below).

The abridged consolidated financial statements do not contain all the disclosures required by International Financial 
Reporting Standards and the requirements of the Companies Act of South Africa as applicable to annual financial 
statements. Reading the abridged consolidated financial statements, therefore, is not a substitute for reading the audited 
consolidated financial statements of Exxaro Resources Limited.

Directors’ responsibility for the abridged consolidated financial statements
The company’s directors are responsible for the preparation of an abridged version of the audited consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with the requirements of the JSE Limited Listings Requirements for abridged reports, set out 
in note 1 to the abridged consolidated financial statements, and the requirements of the Companies Act of South Africa as 
applicable to summary financial statements.

Auditor’s responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the abridged consolidated financial statements based on our procedures, 
which were conducted in accordance with International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 810, “Engagements to Report on 
Summary Financial Statements.”

Opinion
In our opinion, the abridged consolidated financial statements derived from the audited consolidated financial statements 
of Exxaro Resources Limited for the year ended 31 December 2012 are consistent, in all material respects, with those 
consolidated financial statements, in accordance with the requirements of the JSE Limited Listings Requirements 
for abridged reports, set out in note 1 to the abridged consolidated financial statements, and the requirements of the 
Companies Act of South Africa as applicable to summary financial statements.

The other matter paragraph in our audit report dated 5 April 2013 states that as part of our audit of the consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2012 , we have read the Directors’ report, the Audit Committee’s 
report and the Company Secretary’s Certificate for the purpose of identifying whether there are material inconsistencies 
between these reports and the audited consolidated financial statements. These reports are the responsibility of the 
respective preparers. The other matter paragraph states that, based on reading these reports, we have not identified 
material inconsistencies between these reports and the audited consolidated financial statements. The paragraph 
furthermore states that we have not audited these reports and accordingly do not express an opinion on these reports. The 
other matter paragraph does not have an effect on the abridged consolidated financial statements or our opinion thereon.

PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc. 
Director: TD Shango

Registered Auditor 

Johannesburg
5 April 2013

DIRECTORS’ REPORT

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 253

The directors have pleasure in presenting the annual financial statements of Exxaro Resources Limited (Exxaro) and the 
group for the year ended 31 December 2012.

Nature of business
Exxaro, a public company incorporated in South Africa, is one of the largest South African-based diversified resources 
groups, with interests in the coal (controlled and non-controlled), mineral sands/titanium dioxide (non-controlled), iron ore 
(controlled and non-controlled) and energy (controlled and non-controlled) markets. Exxaro is listed on the JSE Limited and 
is a constituent of the JSE’s Top 40 index.

Exxaro’s assets vary between controlled and operated assets and equity investments. The major controlled assets 
include its coal operations and its iron ore prospecting operations in the Republic of the Congo, whereas the major equity 
investments include its 44,65% interest in Tronox Limited, the world’s largest fully integrated producer of titanium ore and 
titanium dioxide, the third-largest titanium feedstock producer and the second-largest producer of zircon, its 26% interest 
in Tronox’s SA mineral sands operations and UK Limited Liability Partnership entity, its 19,98% interest in Sishen Iron Ore 
Company Proprietary Limited, which extracts and processes iron ore and its 50% interest in Cennergi Proprietary Limited, 
an energy company which aims to be the leading cleaner energy independent power producer in South  Africa.

Integrated report
Summarised information on the activities and performance of the group and the various divisions of the group is contained 
in pages 73 to 75 of this report as well as in the group performance in brief on pages 242 to 249 of the integrated 
report (printed version). These reports are unaudited. The board of directors acknowledges its responsibility to ensure 
the integrity of the integrated report. The board has accordingly applied its mind to the integrated report and in the 
opinion of the board the integrated report addresses all material issues, and presents fairly the integrated performance, 
sustainability of the organisation and its impacts. The integrated report has been prepared in line with corporate 
governance best practice. 

Corporate governance
The board of directors endorses the principles contained in the King report on governance for South Africa 2009 (King III). 
Full details on how these principles were applied in Exxaro are set out in the Corporate Governance report on page 214.

Change in accounting policies 
The accounting policies applied during the year ended 31 December 2012 are consistent, in all material respects, with those 
applied in the annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2011, except for the early adoption of the revised 
consolidating standards as well as IAS 19 Employee benefits (revised) as detailed in note 36 of the group annual financial 
statements 2012. This early adoption of the new suite of consolidation standards has resulted in the restatement of prior 
year numbers as presented in the remainder of the report.

Registration details
The company registration number is 2000/011076/06. The registered office is Roger Dyason Road, Pretoria West, 0183, 
Republic of South Africa.

Activities and financial results
The company and group financial results for the year ended 31 December 2012 and 2011 are not comparable due to 
the profits realised on the sale of the mineral sands, Rosh Pinah and other assets of R4 127 million in 2012, the partial 
impairment reversal of the carrying value of property, plant and equipment at KZN Sands of R103 million in 2012  
(2011: R869 million), as well as R516 million impairment of the carrying value of property, plant and equipment at the Zincor 
refinery in 2011. The conclusion of these two sales transactions resulted in the mineral sands and Rosh Pinah businesses’ 
financial results effectively being included in these financial results for approximately five and five and a half months, 
respectively, compared to the full 12-month period in 2011.

Capital management
The board of directors is ultimately responsible to monitor debt levels, return on capital, total shareholders’ return as 
well as compliance with contractually agreed loan covenants. These key metrics are detailed on page 72 of the integrated 
report. The group aims to cover its annual net funding requirements through long-term loan facilities with maturities 
spread evenly over time.

p 254

DIRECTORS’ REPORT

During the year, the group complied with all its contractually agreed loan covenants. Neither the company nor any of its 
subsidiaries are subject to externally imposed regulatory capital requirements. There were no significant changes in the 
group’s approach to capital management during the year. The group continuously reviews its capital expenditure programmes, 
including sustaining capital to ensure that the capital structure remains robust to withstand any economic downturn.

Property, plant and equipment
Although the intention is to progress to distributing 50% of attributable earnings to shareholders, adequate provision 
is made for future capital commitments and working capital requirements in determining the level of interim and final 
dividends to shareholders.

Capital expenditure for the period amounted to R5 333 million (2011: R4 858 million).

Share buy-back
The group may from time to time repurchase its own shares in the open market, depending on prevailing market prices. 
These share repurchases are primarily intended to settle the group’s various employee share incentive schemes and 
decisions are made based on specific transaction requirements. The group does not, however, have a defined share  
buy-back plan.

Shareholders’ resolutions
At the eleventh annual general meeting of shareholders, held on Tuesday, 22 May 2012, the following resolutions 
were  passed:

•  Approval of group financial statements;

•  Re-election of directors;

•  Appointment of group audit committee members;

•  Appointment of group social and ethics committee members;

•  Approval of the company’s remuneration policy and its implementation;

•  Appointment of group independent auditors and noting TD Shango as designated audit partner;

•  Renewal of the authority that unissued shares be placed under the control of the directors;

•  General authority to issue shares for cash;

•  Authorisation of directors and/or secretary to implement the above resolutions;

•  Special resolution to approve directors’ fees for 2012;

•  Special resolution to authorise directors to repurchase the company’s shares; and

•  Special resolution to approve financial assistance for the subscription of securities.

At a general meeting of shareholders held on Tuesday, 22 May 2012, the following resolutions were passed:

•  Approval of a specific issue of initial subscription shares for cash;

•  Approval of a specific issue of further subscription shares for cash;

•  Authorisation of directors and/or secretary to implement the above resolutions; and

•  Special resolution to approve a new memorandum of incorporation.

Other than various resolutions by subsidiary companies in relation to the implementation of the Tronox transaction, 
whereby Exxaro sold its mineral sands operations in exchange for a 39,2% (31 December 2012: 44,65%) interest in Tronox 
Limited, Exxaro and its subsidiaries have passed no other special or ordinary shareholders’ resolutions of material interest 
or of a substantive nature.

Share capital
Authorised

500 000 000 ordinary shares of R0,01 each.

Issued

357 787 785 (2011: 354 234 548) ordinary shares of R0,01 each.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 255

The increase can be summarised as follows:

Date of issue

 Number of shares

Opening balance
Issued in terms of the Kumba Management Share Option Scheme due  
to options offered at prices ranging from R18,38 to R47,73.
Mpower 2012 issue offered at R193,37

24 February 2012 
to 13 December 2012
28 June 2012 

Closing balance

Shareholders
An analysis of shareholders and shareholdings appears in Annexure 5 of the annual report.

 354 234 548

 532 720
 3 020 517

 357 787 785

Dividend payments
Dividend number 19

Interim dividend number 19 of 350 cents per share was declared in South African currency in respect of the period ended 
30 June 2012. The dividend was paid in South African currency on Tuesday, 25 September 2012 to shareholders recorded in 
the register of the company at close of business on Friday, 21 September 2012. In order to comply with the requirements of 
STRATE, the last day to trade cum dividend was Friday, 14 September 2012. The shares commenced trading ex dividend on 
Monday, 17 September 2012 and the record date was Friday, 21 September 2012.

Dividend number 20

Final dividend number 20 of 150 cents per share was approved by the board on 6 March 2013 and declared in South African 
currency in respect of the period ended 31 December 2012.

The dividend payment date is Monday, 15 April 2013 to shareholders recorded in the register of the company at close 
of business on Friday, 12 April 2013. To comply with the requirements of STRATE, the last day to trade cum dividend is 
Friday, 5 April 2013. The shares will commence trading ex dividend on Monday, 8 April 2013 and the record date is Friday, 
12 April 2013.

The total STC credits available for offsetting against the new dividend tax (effective 1 April 2012) amount to R2 024 million. 
The number of ordinary shares in issue at the date of this declaration is 357 787 785. Although the local dividend tax rate 
is 15%, no dividends tax will be due as a result of the STC credits utilised (150 cents per share). Exxaro Resources Limited’s 
tax reference number is 9218/098/14/4.

Investments and subsidiaries
The financial information in respect of investments and interests in subsidiaries of the company is disclosed in Annexures 2 
and 3 to the financial statements.

Events after the reporting period
The directors are not aware of any matter or circumstance that has arisen since the end of the financial period not dealt 
with in this report or in the company and consolidated group financial statements that would significantly affect the 
operations or the results of the group.

Directorate and shareholdings
The names of the directors in office at the date of this report are set out on pages 210 to 213.

Details of directors’ shareholding are contained on pages 262 and 263 of this report.

Mr CI Griffith resigned as non-executive director effective 29 November 2012. Mr NB Mbazima was subsequently appointed 
to succeed Mr Griffith as non-executive director of the board with effect 30 November 2012. Mr U Khumalo resigned as  
non-executive director effective 31 January 2013. The board expressed its sincere appreciation to Mr Griffith and 
Mr Khumalo, for their contributions during their respective terms of office.

p 256

DIRECTORS’ REPORT

The following directors are required to retire by rotation in terms of clauses 6.2 (1) and (2) of the memorandum of 
incorporation of the company, and being eligible for re-election, offer themselves for re-election at the forthcoming 
annual general meeting:

•  Mr JJ Geldenhuys;

•  Mr NB Mbazima;

•  Mr VZ Mntambo; and 

•  Dr MF Randera.

Group company secretary
The group company secretary is Ms CH Wessels and details of the registered office and postal address appear on the 
administration sheet included in the integrated report.

Independent external auditors
PwC was re-elected as independent external auditors on 22 May 2012 in accordance with section 90 of the Companies Act.

Audit committee
The audit committee report appears on page 251.

Borrowing powers and financial assistance
Borrowing capacity is determined by the directors in terms of the memorandum of incorporation, from time to time:

Amount approved (per memorandum of incorporation)
Total borrowings
Unutilised borrowing capacity

 Group 

 2 012

 Rm 

 36 008 
 2 751 
 33 257 

 2 011 
 Restated
 Rm 

 29 510 
 3 772 
 25 738 

The borrowing powers of the company and the group were set at 125% of shareholders’ funds for both the 2012 and 2011 
financial years.

Pursuant to the authorisation granted at the general meeting of the company held on 29 November 2011, the board of 
directors of the company, at its meeting held on 21 February 2012, had approved, in accordance with section 45 of the 
Companies Act and the JSE Limited Listings Requirements, the giving of financial assistance to related and inter-related 
companies of the company up to an amount not exceeding R40 billion, at any time and from time to time during the period 
21 February 2012 to 31 December 2012.

The company had satisfied the solvency and liquidity test, as contemplated in section 45 of the Companies Act and detailed 
in section 4 of the Companies Act post such assistance and the terms under which such assistance was provided were fair 
and reasonable to the company.

Going concern
The board of directors believes that the group has adequate financial resources to continue in operation for the foreseeable 
future and accordingly the financial statements have been prepared on a going-concern basis. The board of directors is not 
aware of any new material changes that may adversely impact the group or any material non-compliance with statutory or 
regulatory requirements.

Employee incentive schemes
Details of the group’s employee incentive schemes are set out in note 36 of the group annual financial statements 2012.

Annual general meeting
The 12th annual general meeting of shareholders of Exxaro will be held at the Corporate Office, Roger Dyason Road, 
Pretoria West, Republic of South Africa, at 10:00 on Friday, 24 May 2013. Refer to pages 336 to 338 of this report for further 
details of the ordinary and special business for consideration at this meeting.

 
DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 257

This report on remuneration and related matters covers issues which are the concern of the board as a whole, in addition to 
those which were dealt with by the remuneration and nomination committee (Remco).

Remuneration policy
The Remco has a clearly defined mandate from the board aimed at:

• 

• 

 ensuring that the company’s chairman, directors and senior executives are fairly rewarded for their individual 
contributions to the company’s overall performance;

 ensuring that the company’s remuneration strategies and packages, including the incentive schemes, are related to 
performance, are suitably competitive and give due regard to the interests of the shareholders and the financial and 
commercial health of the company.

Directors’ service contracts
All executive directors’ normal contracts are subject to six calendar months’ notice. Non-executive directors are not bound 
by service contracts.

There are no restraints of trade associated with the contracts of executive directors. 

Related party transactions
Details of the group’s related party transactions are set out in note 34 of the group annual financial statements 2012.

p 258

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Summary of remuneration paid or payable to directors and prescribed officers

Year ended 31 December 2012

Executive directors
SA Nkosi
WA de Klerk

Less: gains on share scheme
Add: share-based payment expense

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Non-executive directors
S Dakile-Hlongwane3
JJ Geldenhuys
CI Griffith4
U Khumalo5
Dr D Konar (chairman)
N Langeni6
NB Mbazima7
VZ Mntambo
RP Mohring
MF Randera8
NL Sowazi5
J van Rooyen
D Zihlangu

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Prescribed officers
PT Arran9
MDM Mgojo
M Piater
WH van Niekerk9
PE Venter
M Veti
CH Wessels

Less: gains on share scheme
Add: share-based payment expense

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Basic salary
R

Fees for services
R

 6 859 647 
 4 217 225 

 11 076 872 

Performance 
bonuses1
R

 2 517 124 
1 054 030

3 571 154

246 310
 634 733 
 346 283 
 255 971 
 1 060 666 

 327 293 
 683 001 
 153 173 
 303 864 
 577 748 
 327 293 

4 916 335

 2 155 841 
 3 843 865 
 2 637 818 
 2 310 253 
 3 985 326 
 2 159 470 
 1 236 864 

 18 329 437 

 813 255 
 1 097 830 
998 345
 809 289 
1 544 291
 768 333 
 397 176 

6 428 519

1 

 All incentive schemes are performance related and were approved by the board. The three-tier short-term incentive scheme applies to all employees 
throughout the group
Include travel allowances

2 
3  Appointed on 21 February 2012
4  Resigned on 29 November 2012
5  Fees paid to the respective employer and not the individual
6  Resigned on 18 January 2012
7  Appointed on 30 November 2012
8  Appointed on 13 June 2012
9  Services terminated effective 15 June 2012 as part of the sale of the mineral sands business to Tronox Limited

Retirement amounts paid to or received by executive directors are paid or received under defined contribution retirement funds.

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 259

Benefits and 
allowances2
R

Retirement fund 
contributions
R

Gains on 
management 
share option scheme
R

 81 401 
 163 515 

 244 916 

 595 683 
 346 373 

 942 056 

 15 187 718 
 8 448 242 

 23 635 960 

Other
R

 32 513 

 26 756 

 59 269 

 88 594 
 112 558 
 78 056 
 163 182 
 41 374 
 44 030 

 527 794 

 116 939 
 295 323 
 261 812 
 151 367 
 297 142 
 214 909 
 100 286 

 3 003 003 
 6 123 824 
 3 794 997 
 5 951 570 
 10 336 711 
 4 327 759 

 574 

 1 437 778 

 33 537 864 

 574 

Total
R

 25 241 573 
14 229 385

 39 470 958
 (23 635 960)
 7 645 042 

23 480 040

 246 310 
 667 246 
 346 283 
 255 971 
 1 060 666 

 327 293 
709 757
 153 173 
 303 864 
 577 748 
 327 293 

4 975 604

 6 089 038 
 11 449 436 
7 806 104
 9 300 535 
16 326 652
 7 511 845 
 1 778 356 

60 261 966
 (33 537 864)
 9 277 994 

36 002 096

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
p 260

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Summary of remuneration paid or payable to directors and prescribed officers (continued)

Year ended 31 December 2011

Executive directors
SA Nkosi
WA de Klerk

Less: gains on share scheme
Add: share-based payment expense

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Non-executive directors
JJ Geldenhuys
CI Griffith
U Khumalo3
Dr D Konar (chairman)
N Langeni
VZ Mntambo
RP Mohring
NL Sowazi3
J van Rooyen
D Zihlangu

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Prescribed officers
PT Arran
MDM Mgojo
M Piater
WH van Niekerk
PE Venter
M Veti
MS Viljoen4
CH Wessels5

Less: gains on share scheme
Add: share-based payment expense

Total remuneration paid by Exxaro

Basic salary
R

Fees for services
R

 5 653 180 
 3 527 231 

 9 180 411 

Performance 
bonuses1
R

 3 424 467 
 1 943 798 

 5 368 265 

 489 120 
 330 200 
 236 130 
 849 347 
 311 797 
 324 297 
 567 580 
 331 590 
 460 300 
 311 797 

 4 212 158 

 2 944 806 
 3 061 375 
 2 460 818 
 3 018 432 
 2 799 181 
 1 911 358 
 939 012 
 674 029 

 17 809 011 

 1 664 321 
 1 600 575 
 1 267 868 
 1 793 080 
 1 739 462 
 971 499 
 335 823 
 418 044 

 9 790 672 

1 

 All incentive schemes are performance related and were approved by the board. The three-tier short-term incentive scheme applies to all employees 
throughout the group
Include travel allowances

2 
3  Fees paid to the respective employer and not the individual
4  Retired effective 31 August 2011 (as group company secretary effective 30 June 2011)
5  Appointed effective 1 June 2011 (as group company secretary effective 1 July 2011)
Retirement amounts paid to or received by executive directors are paid or received under defined contribution 
retirement funds.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 261

Total
R

 17 064 525 
 13 589 541 

 30 654 066 
 (14 986 218)
 11 267 550 

 26 935 398 

 515 081 
 330 200 
 236 130 
 858 062 
 317 518 
 324 297 
 584 405 
 331 590 
 460 300 
 311 797 

 4 269 380 

 6 435 681 
 7 749 854 
 6 786 913 
 9 539 488 
 13 471 220 
 4 358 991 
 2 043 649 
 1 465 766 

 51 851 562 
 (21 668 219)
 13 048 438 

 43 231 781 

Benefits and 
allowances2
R

Retirement fund 
contributions
R

Gains on 
management share 
option scheme
R

 526 376 
 303 286 

 829 662 

 7 372 141 
 7 614 078 

 14 986 219 

Other
R

 7 669 
 5 352 

 13 021 

 80 692 
 195 796 

 276 488 

 25 961 

 8 715 
 5 721 

 16 825 

 57 222 

 45 000 
 75 350 
 118 208 
 145 642 
 215 411 
 76 185 
 9 750 
 317 255 

 223 788 
 250 471 
 232 592 
 283 919 
 252 831 
 182 611 
 65 932 
 54 785 

 1 552 934 
 2 757 243 
 2 699 785 
 4 293 509 
 8 459 835 
 1 213 700 
 691 213 

 4 832 
 4 840 
 7 642 
 4 906 
 4 500 
 3 638 
 1 919 
 1 653 

 1 002 801 

 1 546 929 

 21 668 219 

 33 930 

p 262

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Beneficial interest

Directors’ beneficial interest in Exxaro shares

Director
SA Nkosi1
WA de Klerk1
S Dakile-Hlongwane
JJ Geldenhuys
U Khumalo
Dr D Konar (chairman)
NB Mbazima
VZ Mntambo
RP Mohring
MF Randera
NL Sowazi
J van Rooyen
D Zihlangu

Directors’ non-beneficial interest in Exxaro shares
Director
SA Nkosi
WA de Klerk
S Dakile-Hlongwane
JJ Geldenhuys
U Khumalo
Dr D Konar (chairman)
NB Mbazima
VZ Mntambo
RP Mohring
MF Randera
NL Sowazi
J van Rooyen
D Zihlangu

At 31 December 2012

 Direct 

 Indirect 

 37 362 
 1 462 

 9 852 845 
 8 932  

 6 168 

 1 000 

 5 529 881 

 3 038 387 

 2 818 552 

 61 082

1  The indirect beneficial interest includes shares held in terms of the company’s deferred bonus plan disclosed on page 257

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 263

At 31 December 2011

 Direct 

 19 776 
 33 695 

 168 

 Indirect 

 9 837 655 

 5 529 881 

 3 038 387 

 2 818 552 

 54 950 

Directors’ beneficial interest in Exxaro shares
Director

SA Nkosi
WA de Klerk
JJ Geldenhuys
CI Griffith
U Khumalo
Dr D Konar (chairman)
N Langeni
VZ Mntambo
RP Mohring
NL Sowazi
J van Rooyen
D Zihlangu

Directors’ non-beneficial interest in Exxaro shares
Director
SA Nkosi
WA de Klerk
JJ Geldenhuys
CI Griffith
U Khumalo
Dr D Konar (chairman)
N Langeni
VZ Mntambo
RP Mohring
NL Sowazi
J van Rooyen
D Zihlangu

There has been no change to the interest of directors in share capital since 31 December 2012 to the date of this report.

On 31 December 2012 Mr SA Nkosi held 2,8% (2011: 2,8%), Mr VZ Mntambo held 1,5% (2011: 1,6%), Mr NL Sowazi held 0,8% 
(2011: 0,9%) and Mr D Zihlangu held 0,8% (2011: 0,8%) directly or indirectly in the share capital of the company.

p 264

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards
The following options and rights to shares in the company were exercised or outstanding in favour of directors and 
prescribed officers of the company under the company’s share option schemes:

Management share option scheme

Options held at 
31 December 2012

Exercise 
price

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2012

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2012

R

R

R

Year ended  
31 December 2012

Executive director
WA de Klerk

Prescribed officer
M Piater

WH van Niekerk1

1 

 Services terminated effective 15 June 2012 as part of the sale of the mineral sands business to Tronox Limited

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 265

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 

Sale price/
market price

Pre-tax 
gain

Date 
exercised

R

R

R

 19,62 

 212,80 

 1 690 325 

17/04/2012

19,62

213,00

19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62

199,53
199,51
199,50
199,79
199,85
199,86
199,87
199,91
200,25

 1 690 325 

 872 144 

 872 144 

 239 280 
 104 876 
 535 323 
 50 448 
 45 598 
 74 439 
 45 603 
 21 455 
 45 699 

 1 162 721 

13/04/2012

22/03/2012
22/03/2012
22/03/2012
22/03/2012
22/03/2012
22/03/2012
22/03/2012
22/03/2012
22/03/2012

 8 750 

 8 750 

4 510

 4 510 

1 330
583
2 976
280
253
413
253
119
253

 6 460 

p 266

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share option scheme (continued)

Options held at 
31 December 2011

Exercise 
price

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2011

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20111

R

R

R

Year ended  
31 December 2011

Executive director
WA de Klerk

Prescribed officer
M Piater

WH van Niekerk

 8 750 

 8 750 

 4 510 

 4 510 

6 460

 6 460 

 19,62 

22/04/2012

 1 470 000 

 1 470 000 

 1 298 325 

 1 298 325 

19,62

22/04/2011

 757 680 

 757 680 

 669 194 

 669 194 

19,62

22/04/2011

 1 085 280 

 1 085 280 

 958 535 

 958 535 

1  Based on a share price of R168,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2011

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 267

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 

Sale price/
market price

Pre-tax 
gain

Date 
exercised

R

 13,62 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 
 12,90 

12,90
12,90
12,90
12,90

12,90
12,90
12,90
12,90

 3 230 
 5 445 
 3 726 
 134 
 1 120 
 631 
 24 
 1 202 
 1 083 
 800 
 1 099 
 1 318 
 2 365 
 412 
 360 
 3 437 
 462 
 148 
 385 
 315 
 1 281 
 299 
 904 
 265 
 731 
 832 
 352 

 32 360 

193
3 766
500
3 081

 7 540 

5 693
12 657
1 091
179

 19 620 

R

R

 155,00 
 155,00 
 155,01 
 155,02 
 154,70 
 154,72 
 154,86 
 154,87 
 154,88 
 155,20 
 155,22 
 155,23 
 155,07 
 155,29 
 155,41 
 155,60 
 155,62 
 155,63 
 155,77 
 155,84 
 156,00 
 156,01 
 156,02 
 156,13 
 156,19 
 156,22 
 156,23 

144,01
144,00
144,02
143,80

155,10
155,60
156,00
156,01

 456 657 
 773 735 
 529 502 
 19 044 
 158 816 
 89 488 
 3 407 
 170 648 
 153 764 
 113 840 
 156 410 
 187 591 
 336 232 
 58 665 
 51 304 
 490 460 
 65 937 
 21 124 
 55 005 
 45 026 
 183 311 
 42 790 
 129 380 
 37 956 
 104 745 
 119 242 
 50 452 

 4 604 531 

 25 304 
 493 723 
 65 560 
 403 303 

 987 890 

 809 545 
 1 806 154 
 156 122 
 25 617 

 2 797 438 

08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011
08/03/2011

16/03/2011
16/03/2011
16/03/2011
16/03/2011

07/03/2011
07/03/2011
07/03/2011
07/03/2011

 
 
p 268

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share option scheme (continued)

Options held at 
31 December 2011

Exercise 
price

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2011

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2011

R

R

R

Year ended  
31 December 2011

Prescribed officer
PE Venter

Management share appreciation right scheme 

Rights held at 
31 December 2012

Exercise 
price

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2012

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20121

Year ended  
31 December 2012

Executive director
SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Prescribed officer
PT Arran2

R

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

R

R

 6 536 920 
 7 060 820 
 11 395 670 
 7 685 106 
 6 174 922 

 4 192 912 
 2 366 837 
 6 873 140 
 1 920 367 
 184 517 

 38 853 438 

 15 537 773 

 3 266 770 
 2 773 290 
 6 381 440 
 3 629 782 
 3 087 292 

 19 138 574 

 1 722 110 
 1 600 430 
 2 568 800 
 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 

 11 036 038 

 2 095 372 
 929 627 
 3 848 877 
 907 016 
 92 253 

 7 873 145 

 1 104 596 
 536 476 
 1 549 336 
 690 798 
 71 124 

 3 952 330 

 38 680 
 41 780 
 67 430 
 45 474 
 36 538 

 229 902 

 19 330 
 16 410 
 37 760 
 21 478 
 18 268 

 113 246 

 10 190 
 9 470 
 15 200 
 16 358 
14 084

 65 302 

1  Based on a share price of R169,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2012
2  Services terminated effective 15 June 2012 as part of the sale of the mineral sands business to Tronox Limited

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 269

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 

Sale price/
market price

Pre-tax 
gain

Date 
exercised

R

12,90
12,90
12,90
12,90
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62
19,62

1 393
318
4 129
400
1 722
2 000
1 207
341
1 866
101
493
866
674

 15 510 

R

R

149,88
149,89
149,95
149,95
169,25
169,31
170,00
170,01
169,50
169,99
170,08
170,50
170,51

 190 813 
 43 563 
 565 879 
 54 820 
 257 663 
 299 380 
 181 509 
 51 283 
 279 676 
 15 187 
 74 177 
 130 662 
 101 700 

 2 246 312 

28/02/2011
28/02/2011
28/02/2011
28/02/2011
05/04/2011
05/04/2011
05/04/2011
05/04/2011
05/04/2011
05/04/2011
05/04/2011
05/04/2011
05/04/2011

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 

Sale price/
market price

Pre-tax 
gain

Date 
exercised

R

R

R

 
p 270

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share appreciation right scheme (continued)

Rights held at 
31 December 2012

Exercise 
price

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2012

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20121

Year ended  
31 December 2012

Prescribed officer
MDM Mgojo

M Piater

WH van Niekerk2

PE Venter

M Veti

CH Wessels

R

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
63,45
126,77
163,95

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
04/05/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

126,77
163,95

01/04/2017
01/04/2018

67,07
126,77
163,95

01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

163,95

01/04/2018

 18 340 
 15 720 
 27 530 
 16 358 
14 084

 92 032 

 9 840 
 9 420 
 16 330 
 9 380 
8 542

 53 512 

 7 980 
 8 990 
 14 080 
 12 190 
 16 358 
14 084

 73 682 

 17 376 
14 104

 31 480 

11 590
7 624
6 168

 25 382 

 2 936 

R

R

 3 099 460 
 2 656 680 
 4 652 570 
 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 

 15 553 408 

 1 662 960 
 1 591 980 
 2 759 770 
 1 585 220 
 1 443 598 

 9 043 528 

 1 348 620 
 1 519 310 
 2 379 520 
 2 060 110 
 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 

 12 452 258 

 2 936 544 
 2 383 576 

 5 320 120 

 1 958 710 
 1 288 456 
 1 042 392 

 4 289 558 

 496 184 

 1 988 056 
 890 538 
 2 806 133 
 690 798 
 71 124 

 6 446 649 

 1 066 656 
 533 643 
 1 664 517 
 396 117 
 43 137 

 3 704 070 

 865 032 
 509 284 
 1 435 174 
 1 286 655 
 690 798 
 71 124 

 4 858 067 

 733 788 
 71 225 

 805 013 

 1 181 369 
 321 962 
 31 148 

 1 534 479 

 14 827 

1  Based on a share price of R169,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2012
2  Services terminated effective 15 June 2012 as part of the sale of the mineral sands business to Tronox Limited

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 271

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 

Sale price/
market price

Pre-tax 
gain

Date 
exercised

R

R

R

30 540

67,07

207,93

 4 301 864 

02/05/2012

 30 540 

7 100
7 020

 14 120 

60,60
112,35

199,97
199,97

 4 301 864 

 989 527 
 615 092 

 1 604 619 

28/02/2012
28/02/2012

 
 
p 272

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share appreciation right scheme (continued)

Year ended  
31 December 2011

Rights held at 
31 December 2011

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2011
R

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20111
R

Executive director
SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Prescribed officer
PT Arran

MDM Mgojo

M Piater

WH van Niekerk

 38 680 
 41 780 
 67 430 
 45 474 
 36 538 

 229 902 

 19 330 
 16 410 
 37 760 
 21 478 
 18 268 

 113 246 

 10 190 
 9 470 
 15 200 
 16 358 
14 084

 65 302 

 18 340 
 15 720 
 27 530 
 16 358 
14 084

 92 032 

 9 840 
 9 420 
 16 330 
 9 380 
8 542

 53 512 

 7 980 
 8 990 
 14 080 
 12 190 
 16 358 
14 084

 73 682 

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

60,60
112,35
67,07
63,45
126,77
163,95

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
04/05/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

 6 498 240 
 7 019 040 
 11 328 240 
 7 639 632 
 6 138 384 

 4 154 232 
 2 325 057 
 6 805 710 
 1 874 893 
 147 979 

 38 623 536 

 15 307 871 

 3 247 440 
 2 756 880 
 6 343 680 
 3 608 304 
 3 069 024 

 19 025 328 

 1 711 920 
 1 590 960 
 2 553 600 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 10 970 736 

 3 081 120 
 2 640 960 
 4 625 040 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 15 461 376 

 1 653 120 
 1 582 560 
 2 743 440 
 1 575 840 
 1 435 056 

 8 990 016 

 1 340 640 
 1 510 320 
 2 365 440 
 2 047 920 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 12 378 576 

 2 076 042 
 913 217 
 3 811 117 
 885 538 
 73 985 

 7 759 899 

 1 094 406 
 527 006 
 1 534 136 
 674 440 
 57 040 

 3 887 028 

 1 969 716 
 874 818 
 2 778 603 
 674 440 
 57 040 

 6 354 617 

 1 056 816 
 524 223 
 1 648 187 
 386 737 
 34 595 

 3 650 558 

 857 052 
 500 294 
 1 421 094 
 1 274 465 
 674 440 
 57 040 

 4 784 385 

1  Based on a share price of R168,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2011

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 273

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax 
gain
R

Date 
exercised

p 274

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share appreciation right scheme (continued)

Year ended  
31 December 2011

Rights held at 
31 December 2011

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2011
R

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20111
R

Prescribed officer 
PE Venter

M Veti

CH Wessels2

 30 540 
 17 376 
14 104

 62 020 

7 100
7 020
11 590
7 624
6 168

 39 502 

 2 936 

67,07
126,77
163,95

01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

60,60
112,35
67,07
126,77
163,95

01/03/2014
01/04/2015
01/04/2016
01/04/2017
01/04/2018

163,95

01/04/2018

 5 130 720 
 2 919 168 
 2 369 472 

 10 419 360 

 1 192 800 
 1 179 360 
 1 947 120 
 1 280 832 
 1 036 224 

 6 636 336 

 493 248 

 3 082 402 
 716 412 
 57 121 

 3 855 935 

 762 540 
 390 663 
 1 169 779 
 314 338 
 24 980 

 2 662 300 

 11 891 

1  Based on a share price of R168,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2011
2  Appointed effective 1 June 2011 (as group company secretary effective 1 July 2011)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 275

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax 
gain
R

Date 
exercised

19 330
18 110

60,60
112,35

172,27
172,27

 2 158 581 
 1 085 151 

06/04/2011
06/04/2011

 37 440 

 3 243 732 

 
p 276

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share scheme — long-term incentive plan

Year ended 31 December 2012

Rights held at 
31 December 2012

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2012
R

Executive director 
SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Prescribed officer
PT Arran2

MDM Mgojo

 47 412 
 36 538 
 68 565 

 152 515 

 21 478 
 18 268 
 34 689 

 74 435 

16 358
14 084
28 255

 58 697 

16 358
14 084
27 812

 58 254 

01/04/2013
01/04/2014
01/04/2015

01/04/2013
01/04/2014
01/04/2015

01/04/2013
01/04/2014
01/04/2015

01/04/2013
01/04/2014
01/04/2015

 8 012 628 
 6 174 922 
 11 587 485 

 25 775 035 

 3 629 782 
 3 087 292 
 5 862 441 

 12 579 515 

 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 
 4 775 095 

 9 919 793 

 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 
 4 700 228 

 9 844 926 

1  Based on a share price of R169,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2012
2  Services terminated effective 15 June 2012 as part of the sale of the mineral sands business to Tronox Limited

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 277

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20121

R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax 
gain
R

Date 
exercised

 67 438 

 197,54 

 13 321 703 

13/04/2012

 8 012 628 
 6 174 922 
 11 587 485 

 25 775 035 

 3 629 782 
 3 087 292 
 5 862 441 

 12 579 515 

 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 
 4 775 095 

 9 919 793 

 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 
 4 700 228 

 9 844 926 

 67 438 

 37 764 

 37 764 

15 202

 15 202 

27 536

 27 536 

 13 321 703 

197,54

 7 459 901 

03/04/2012

 7 459 901 

197,54

 3 003 003 

13/04/2012

 3 003 003 

197,54

 5 439 461 

05/04/2012

 5 439 461 

p 278

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share scheme — long-term incentive plan (continued)

Year ended 31 December 2012

Rights held at 
31 December 2012

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2012
R

Prescribed officer 
M Piater

WH van Niekerk2

PE Venter

M Veti

CH Wessels

9 380
8 542
15 632
8 606

 42 160 

16 358
14 084
28 283

 58 725 

17 376
14 104
28 318

 59 798 

7 624
6 168
12 424

 26 216 

2 936
5 345

 8 281 

01/04/2013
01/04/2014
01/04/2015
01/11/2015

01/04/2013
01/04/2014
01/04/2015

01/04/2013
01/04/2014
01/04/2015

01/04/2013
01/04/2014
01/04/2015

01/06/2014
01/04/2015

 1 585 220 
 1 443 598 
 2 641 808 
 1 454 414 

 7 125 040 

 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 
 4 779 827 

 9 924 525 

 2 936 544 
 2 383 576 
 4 785 742 

 10 105 862 

 1 288 456 
 1 042 392 
 2 099 656 

 4 430 504 

 496 184 
 903 305 

 1 399 489 

1  Based on a share price of R169,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2012
2  Services terminated effective 15 June 2012 as part of the sale of the mineral sands business to Tronox Limited

Year ended 31 December 2011

Rights held at 
31 December 2011

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if
exercisable at 
31 December 2011
R

Executive director 
SA Nkosi

 67 438 
 47 412 
 36 538 

 151 388 

01/04/2012
01/04/2013
01/04/2014

 11 329 584 
 7 965 216 
 6 138 384 

 25 433 184 

1  Based on a share price of R168,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2011

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 279

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20121

R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax 
gain
R

Date 
exercised

16 340

197,54

 3 227 804 

13/04/2012

 1 585 220 
 1 443 598 
 2 641 808 
 1 454 414 

 7 125 040 

 2 764 502 
 2 380 196 
 4 779 827 

 9 924 525 

 2 936 544 
 2 383 576 
 4 785 742 

 10 105 862 

 1 288 456 
 1 042 392 
 2 099 656 

 4 430 504 

 496 184 
 903 305 

 1 399 489 

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20111
R

 11 329 584 
 7 965 216 
 6 138 384 

 25 433 184 

 16 340 

14 090
12 112

 26 202 

30 550

 30 550 

11 596

 11 596 

197,54
212,65

 3 227 804 

 2 783 339 
 2 575 617 

13/04/2012
17/05/2012

 5 358 956 

197,54

 6 034 847 

03/04/2012

 6 034 847 

197,54

 2 290 674 

13/04/2012

 2 290 674 

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/market 
price
R

Pre-tax 
gain
R

Date 
exercised

 41 782 

 163,95 

 6 850 159 

07/04/2011

 41 782 

 6 850 159 

p 280

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share scheme — long-term incentive plan (continued)

Year ended 31 December 2011

Rights held at 
31 December 2011

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if
exercisable at 
31 December 2011
R

Executive director
WA de Klerk

Prescribed officer
PT Arran

MDM Mgojo

M Piater

WH van Niekerk

PE Venter

M Veti

MS Viljoen2

CH Wessels3

 37 764 
 21 478 
 18 268 

 77 510 

15 202
16 358
14 084

 45 644 

27 536
16 358
14 084

 57 978 

16 340
9 380
8 542

 34 262 

14 090
12 112
16 358
14 084

 56 644 

30 550
17 376
14 104

 62 030 

11 596
7 624
6 168

 25 388 

 2 936 

1  Based on a share price of R168,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2011
2  Retired effective 31 August 2011
3  Appointed effective 1 June 2011

01/04/2012
01/04/2013
01/04/2014

01/04/2012
01/04/2013
01/04/2014

01/04/2012
01/04/2013
01/04/2014

01/04/2012
01/04/2013
01/04/2014

01/04/2012
04/05/2012
01/04/2013
01/04/2014

01/04/2012
01/04/2013
01/04/2014

01/04/2012
01/04/2013
01/04/2014

 6 344 352 
 3 608 304 
 3 069 024 

 13 021 680 

 2 553 936 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 7 668 192 

 4 626 048 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 9 740 304 

 2 745 120 
 1 575 840 
 1 435 056 

 5 756 016 

 2 367 120 
 2 034 816 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 9 516 192 

 5 132 400 
 2 919 168 
 2 369 472 

 10 421 040 

 1 948 128 
 1 280 832 
 1 036 224 

 4 265 184 

01/04/2014

 493 248 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 281

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20111
R

 6 344 352 
 3 608 304 
 3 069 024 

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax 
gain
R

Date 
exercised

 16 418 

163,95

 2 691 731 

01/04/2011

 13 021 680 

 16 418 

 2 691 731 

 2 553 936 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 7 668 192 

 4 626 048 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 9 740 304 

 2 745 120 
 1 575 840 
 1 435 056 

 5 756 016 

 2 367 120 
 2 034 816 
 2 748 144 
 2 366 112 

 9 516 192 

 5 132 400 
 2 919 168 
 2 369 472 

 10 421 040 

 1 948 128 
 1 280 832 
 1 036 224 

 4 265 184 

 493 248 

9 472

 9 472 

15 724

 15 724 

9 422

 9 422 

8 994

 8 994 

18 114

 18 114 

7 022

 7 022 

 4 216 

163,95

 1 552 934 

08/04/2011

 1 552 934 

163,95

 2 577 950 

06/04/2011

 2 577 950 

163,95

 1 544 737 

08/04/2011

 1 544 737 

163,95

 1 474 566 

08/04/2011

 1 474 566 

163,95

 2 969 790 

06/04/2011

 2 969 790 

163,95

 1 151 257 

08/04/2011

 1 151 257 

163,95

 691 213 

05/04/2011

p 282

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share scheme – deferred bonus plan

Year ended 31 December 2012

Rights held at 
31 December 2012

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2012
R

Executive director
SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Prescribed officer

PT Arran2

MDM Mgojo

 1 433 
 3 527 
 420 
 1 492 
 2 934 
 569 
 1 346 
 3 099 
 370 

 15 190 

 1 003 
 2 083 
 262 
 932 
 1 542 
 355 
 842 
 1 679 
 234 

 8 932 

 247 

 832 
 1 530 
 223 
 600 
 1 186 
 252 
 558 
 1 455 
 104 

 6 740 

 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 
 28/02/2015 
 31/03/2015 
 31/08/2015 

 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 
 28/02/2015 
 31/03/2015 
 31/08/2015 

 242 177 
 596 063 
 70 980 
 252 148 
 495 846 
 96 161 
 227 474 
 523 731 
 62 530 

 2 567 110 

 169 507 
 352 027 
 44 278 
 157 508 
 260 598 
 59 995 
 142 298 
 283 751 
 39 546 

 1 509 508 

 31/08/2012 

 41 743 

 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 
 28/02/2015 
 31/03/2015 
 31/08/2015 

 140 608 
 258 570 
 37 687 
 101 400 
 200 434 
 42 588 
 94 302 
 245 895 
 17 576 

 1 139 060 

1  Based on a share price of R169,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2012
2  Services terminated effective 15 June 2012 as part of the sale of the mineral sands business to Tronox Limited

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 283

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20121

R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax
gain
R

Date 
exercised

 210,29 
 197,54 
 153,39 

 486 821 
 1 307 715 
 71 480 

 12/03/2012
 13/03/2012
 12/09/2012

 210,29 
 197,54 
 153,39 

 1 866 016 

 345 717 
 592 620 
 50 005 

 09/03/2012
 04/04/2012
 06/09/2012

 2 315 
 6 620 
 466 

 9 401 

 1 644 
 3 000 
 326 

 242 177 
 596 063 
 70 980 
 252 148 
 495 846 
 96 161 
 227 474 
 523 731 
 62 530 

 2 567 110 

 169 507 
 352 027 
 44 278 
 157 508 
 260 598 
 59 995 
 142 298 
 283 751 
 39 546 

 1 509 508 

 4 970 

 988 342 

 645 
 2 586 
 247 

 210,29 
 197,54 
 153,39 

 135 637 
 510 838 
 37 887 

 12/03/2012
 05/04/2012
 12/09/2012

 41 743 

 140 608 
 258 570 
 37 687 
 101 400 
 200 434 
 42 588 
 94 302 
 245 895 
 17 576 

 1 139 060 

 3 478 

 684 362 

p 284

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share scheme — deferred bonus plan (continued)

Year ended 31 December 2012

Rights held at 
31 December 2012

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2012
R

Prescribed officer 
M Piater

WH van Niekerk2

PE Venter

M Veti

 688 
 1 058 
 181 
 644 
 794 
 250 
 609 
 947 
 167 

 5 338 

 247 
 761 
 1 357 
 223 
 794 
 1 319 
 304 
 749 
 1 483 

 7 237 

 908 
 213 

 1 121 

498
675
147
510
637
197
134

 2 798 

 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 
 28/02/2015 
 31/03/2015 
 31/08/2015 

 31/08/2012 
 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 
 28/02/2015 
 31/03/2015 

 01/03/2013 
 31/08/2015 

 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 
 31/08/2015 

 116 272 
 178 802 
 30 589 
 108 836 
 134 186 
 42 250 
 102 921 
 160 043 
 28 223 

 902 122 

 41 743 
 128 609 
 229 333 
 37 687 
 134 186 
 222 911 
 51 376 
 126 581 
 250 627 

 1 223 053 

 153 452 
 35 997 

 189 449 

 84 162 
 114 075 
 24 843 
 86 190 
 107 653 
 33 293 
 22 646 

 472 862 

1  Based on a share price of R169,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2012
2  Services terminated effective 15 June 2012 as part of the sale of the mineral sands business to Tronox Limited

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 285

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20121

R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax
gain
R

Date 
exercised

 210,29 
 197,54 
 153,39 

 199 145 
 333 843 
 34 206 

12/03/2012
13/04/2012
10/09/2012

 210,29 
 197,54 

 567 194 

 273 587 
 319 027 

09/03/2012
10/04/2012

 947 
 1 690 
 223 

 2 860 

 1 301 
 1 615 

 116 272 
 178 802 
 30 589 
 108 836 
 134 186 
 42 250 
 102 921 
 160 043 
 28 223 

 902 122 

 41 743 
 128 609 
 229 333 
 37 687 
 134 186 
 222 911 
 51 376 
 126 581 
 250 627 

 1 223 053 

 2 916 

 592 614 

 153 452 
 35 997 

 189 449 

 84 162 
 114 075 
 24 843 
 86 190 
 107 653 
 33 293 
 22 646 

 472 862 

766
1 262
144

210,29
197,54
153,39

 161 082 
 249 295 
 22 088 

12/03/2012
13/04/2012
12/09/2012

 2 172 

 432 465 

p 286

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

 Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share scheme — deferred bonus plan (continued)

Year ended 31 December 2011

Rights held at 
31 December 2011

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2011
R

Executive director 
SA Nkosi

WA de Klerk

Prescribed officer

PT Arran

MDM Mgojo

 2 315 
 6 620 
 466 
 1 433 
 3 527 
 420 
 1 492 
 2 934 
 569 

 19 776 

 1 644 
 3 000 
 326 
 1 003 
 2 083 
 262 
 932 
 1 542 
 355 

 11 147 

 247 

 645 
 2 586 
 247 
 832 
 1 530 
 223 
 600 
 1 186 
 252 

 8 101 

 02/03/2012 
 31/03/2012 
 31/08/2012 
 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 

 02/03/2012 
 31/03/2012 
 31/08/2012 
 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 

 388 920 
 1 112 160 
 78 288 
 240 744 
 592 536 
 70 560 
 250 656 
 492 912 
 95 592 

 3 322 368 

 276 192 
 504 000 
 54 768 
 168 504 
 349 944 
 44 016 
 156 576 
 259 056 
 59 640 

 1 872 696 

 31/08/2012 

 41 496 

 02/03/2012 
 31/03/2012 
 31/08/2012 
 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 

 108 360 
 434 448 
 41 496 
 139 776 
 257 040 
 37 464 
 100 800 
 199 248 
 42 336 

 1 360 968 

1  Based on a share price of R168,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2011

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 287

Pre-tax 
gain
R

 105 553 
 378 257 
 38 172 

Date 
exercised

 04/03/2011
 04/03/2011
 16/11/2011

 147 
 147 
 179 

 147,01 
 147,01 
 179,21 

 521 982 

 79 679 
 205 520 
 32 616 

 08/03/2011
 08/03/2011
 16/11/2011

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20111
R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

 718 
 2 573 
 213 

 3 504 

 542 
 1 398 
 182 

 388 920 
 1 112 160 
 78 288 
 240 744 
 592 536 
 70 560 
 250 656 
 492 912 
 95 592 

 3 322 368 

 276 192 
 504 000 
 54 768 
 168 504 
 349 944 
 44 016 
 156 576 
 259 056 
 59 640 

 1 872 696 

 2 122 

 317 815 

 1 194 
 21 

 147,01 
 179,21 

 175 530 
 3 763 

 02/03/2011
 21/11/2011

 41 496 

 108 360 
 434 448 
 41 496 
 139 776 
 257 040 
 37 464 
 100 800 
 199 248 
 42 336 

 1 360 968 

 1 215 

 179 293 

p 288

DIRECTORS’ AND PRESCRIBED 
OFFICERS’ REMUNERATION

Directors’ and prescribed officers’ share options and restricted share awards (continued)
Management share scheme — deferred bonus plan (continued)

Year ended 31 December 2011

Rights held at 
31 December 2011

Exercise 
price
R

Exercisable 
period

Proceeds if 
exercisable at 
31 December 2011
R

Prescribed officer
M Piater

WH van Niekerk

PE Venter

M Veti

 947 
 1 690 
 223 
 688 
 1 058 
 181 
 644 
 794 
 250 

 6 475 

 1 301 
 1 615 
 247 
 761 
 1 357 
 223 
 794 
 1 319 
 304 

 7 921 

 908 

766
1 262
144
498
675
147
510
637
197

 4 836 

 02/03/2012 
 31/03/2012 
 31/08/2012 
 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 

 02/03/2012 
 31/03/2 012 
 31/08/2012 
 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 

 01/03/2013 

 02/03/2012 
 31/03/2012 
 31/03/2012 
 01/03/2013 
 31/03/2013 
 31/08/2013 
 28/02/2014 
 31/03/2014 
 11/11/2014 

 159 096 
 283 920 
 37 464 
 115 584 
 177 744 
 30 408 
 108 192 
 133 392 
 42 000 

 1 087 800 

 218 568 
 271 320 
 41 496 
 127 848 
 227 976 
 37 464 
 133 392 
 221 592 
 51 072 

 1 330 728 

 152 544 

 128 688 
 212 016 
 24 192 
 83 664 
 113 400 
 24 696 
 85 680 
 107 016 
 33 096 

 812 448 

1  Based on a share price of R168,00 which prevailed on 31 December 2011

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 289

Pre-tax gain if 
exercisable at 
31 December 20111
R

Options exercised 
during the year

Exercise 
price 
R

Sale price/
market price
R

Pre-tax 
gain
R

Date 
exercised

 1 031 
 87 

 147,01 
 179,21 

 151 567 
 15 591 

 08/03/2011
 21/11/2011

 159 096 
 283 920 
 37 464 
 115 584 
 177 744 
 30 408 
 108 192 
 133 392 
 42 000 

 1 087 800 

 218 568 
 271 320 
 41 496 
 127 848 
 227 976 
 37 464 
 133 392 
 221 592 
 51 072 

 1 330 728 

 152 544 

 128 688 
 212 016 
 24 192 
 83 664 
 113 400 
 24 696 
 85 680 
 107 016 
 33 096 

 812 448 

 1 118 

 120 

 120 

287
113

 167 158 

 179,21 

 21 505 

 21/11/2011

 21 505 

147,01
179,21

 42 192 
 20 251 

 08/03/2011
 21/11/2011

 400 

 62 443 

p 290

ABRIDGED GROUP ANNUAL 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Audited condensed group statement of comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December 

Revenue
Operating expenses

Operating profit
Gains on disposal of non-core assets 

Net operating profit
Interest income
Interest expense
Income from investments 
Share of income from equity-accounted investments 

Profit before tax
Income tax expense

Profit for the year from continuing operations
Profit for the year from discontinued operations

Profit for the year

Gain/(loss) recognised in other comprehensive income  
for the year, net of tax
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations
Cash flow hedges
Share of comprehensive income/(loss) of associates
Share of comprehensive income of non-controlling interests

Notes

9

5
7
7

8

2012

Rm

 12 229 
 (10 533)

 1 696 
 42 

1 738
 138 
 (325)
 3 
 3 602 

 5 156 
 (537)

4 619
5 028

 9 647 

68

(33)
(21)
122 

2011
Restated
Rm

 12 126 
 (9 575)

 2 551 
 1

 2 552 
 261 
 (628)
 4 
 4 745

 6 934 
 (871)

 6 063 
 1 594 

 7 657 

541

800
 (40)
 (254)
35

Total comprehensive income for the year

9 715

8 198

Profit attributable to:
Owners of the parent

– continuing operations
– discontinued operations

Non-controlling interests

– continuing operations
– discontinued operations

Profit for the year

 9 677 

 4 634 
5 043

 (30)

 (15)
 (15)

 7 653 

 6 073 
 1 580 

 4 

 (10)
 14 

 9 647 

 7 657 

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 291

2012

Rm

9 745

5 706
4 039

(30)

(15) 
 (15)

2011
Restated
Rm

8 159

6 641
1 518

39

(6)
45

Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Owners of the parent

– continuing operations
– discontinued operations

Non-controlling interests

– continuing operations
– discontinued operations

Total comprehensive income for the year

9 715

8 198

Attributable earnings per share: aggregate (cents)
– basic 
– diluted
Attributable earnings per share: continuing operations (cents)
– basic 
– diluted
Attributable earnings per share: discontinued operations (cents)
– basic 
– diluted

Refer to note 11 for details regarding the number of shares.

 2 734 
 2 726 

 1 309 
 1 305 

1 425
1 421

 2 199 
 2 168 

 1 745 
 1 720 

 454 
 448 

 
p 292

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

Audited reconciliation of headline earnings
for the year ended 31 December 

2012
Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent
Adjusted for: 
–  IAS 36 Reversal of Impairment of Property, Plant and Equipment
–  IAS 16 Gains or Losses on Disposal of Property, Plant and Equipment
–  IFRS 10 Gains on Disposal of Subsidiaries and Other Assets
–  IAS 28 Excess of Fair Value Over Cost of Investment in Associates
–  IAS 38 Gains on Disposal of Intangible Assets
–  IAS 28 Share of Associates’ Gains or Losses on Disposal of Property, 

Plant and Equipment

Headline earnings

– continuing operations
– discontinued operations

2011
Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent
Adjusted for: 
–  IAS 36 Impairment of Property, Plant and Equipment
–  IAS 36 Reversal of Impairment of Property, Plant and Equipment
–  IFRS 10 Gains on Disposal of Subsidiaries
–  IAS 16 Losses on Disposal of Property, Plant and Equipment
–  IAS 28 Share of Associates’ Gains or Losses on Disposal of Property, 

Plant and Equipment

Headline earnings

– continuing operations
– discontinued operations

Gross
Rm

 (103)
 (65)
 (4 034)
(470)
(77)

 (4)

(4 753)

 516 
 (869)
 (1)
 3 

 2 

(349)

Headline earnings per share: aggregate (cents)
– basic
– diluted

Headline earnings per share: continuing operations (cents)
– basic
– diluted

Headline earnings per share: discontinued operations (cents)
– basic
– diluted

Tax
Rm

 29 
 4 

 1 

 34 

 (2)

 (2)

2012 

 1 401 
1 397

1 130
1 127

271
270

 Net 
Rm

 9 677 

 (74)
 (61)
 (4 034)
(470)
(77)

 (3)

4 958

3 999
959

 7 653 

 516 
 (869)
 (1)
 1 

 2 

7 302

6 048 
1 254 

2011 
Restated

 2 098 
 2 069 

 1 738 
 1 714 

360
355

  
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 293

Audited condensed group statement of financial position
as at 31 December and 1 January 

At 31 December

1 January

2012 

Rm

2011 
Restated
Rm

2011 
Restated
Rm

Notes

Assets
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Biological assets
Intangible assets
Investments in unlisted associates  
Investments in joint ventures 
Deferred tax
Financial assets

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Current tax receivable
Cash and cash equivalents

Non-current assets classified as held-for-sale

12

Total assets

Equity and liabilities
Capital and reserves
Equity attributable to owners of the parent
Non-controlling interests

Total equity
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing borrowings
Non-current provisions 
Post-retirement employee obligations
Finance lease
Deferred tax

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Interest-bearing borrowings
Current tax payable
Current provisions
Overdraft

Non-current liabilities classified as held-for-sale

12

 15 881 
 55 
 962 
17 154
425
 241 
 2 727 

 37 445 

 776 
 2 642 
 190 
1 364

4 972

42 417

 28 794 
 12 

 28 806 

 2 761 
 2 842 
 142 
106
 2 566 

 8 417 

 4 099 
 (9)
 172 
 121 
811

5 194

 9 584 
 66 
 128 
 4 545 
 243 
 227 
 2 360 

 17 153 

 560 
 2 624 
 105 
 1 018 

 4 307 

 14 979 

 36 439 

 23 588 
 20 

 23 608 

2 102 
2 111 
 133 

 1 702 

 6 048 

 3 181 
 836 
 50 
 151 

 4 218 

 2 565 

 12 194 
 46 
 75 
 3 662 
 168 
 724 
 2 390 

 19 259 

 3 081 
 3 505 
 105 
 2 077 

 8 768 

 85 

 28 112 

 17 437 
 (23)

 17 414 

 3 504 
 2 065 
 96 

 1 323 

 6 988 

 2 796 
 688 
 144 
 30 

 3 658 

 52 

Total equity and liabilities

42 417

 36 439 

 28 112 

p 294

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

Audited group statement of changes in equity

Opening balance at 1 January 2011
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income
Share of comprehensive income of associates
Issue of share capital1
Mpower vesting shares
Share-based payments movements
Non-controlling interests additional contributions
Dividends paid
Disposal of subsidiaries

Other components of equity

Share capital
and premium
Rm

 2 170 

15
174

Foreign
currency
translations
Rm

Financial 
instruments
revaluation
Rm

 216 

(40)
 20 

 716 

 800 
 72 

(3)

Equity-
settled
reserve
Rm

 1 389 

23

Balance at 31 December 2011

 2 359 

 1 585 

 196 

 1 412 

Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income
Share of comprehensive income of associates
Issue of share capital1
Share-based payments movement
Dividends paid
Acquisition of subsidiaries
Disposal of subsidiaries
Acquisition of non-controlling interest

Balance at 31 December 2012 

 (33)
 118 

 (21)
 (17)

15

 94 

 (183)

 (459)

 (137)

 (23)

 2 374 

 1 211 

 21 

 1 300 

1 

Issued to the Kumba Resources Management Share Trust due to options exercised

Final dividend paid per share (cents) in respect of the 2011 financial year
Dividend paid per share (cents) in respect of the 2012 interim period
Final dividend payable per share (cents) in respect of 2012 financial year

500
350
150

Foreign currency translation reserve
The foreign currency translation reserve comprises all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements 
of foreign entities that are not integral to the operations of the group.
Financial instruments revaluation reserve
The financial instruments revaluation reserve comprises the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value of cash flow hedging 
instruments where the hedged transaction has not yet occurred.
Equity-settled reserve
The equity-settled reserve represents the fair value of services received and settled by equity instruments granted.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 295

Retirement 
benefit
obligation
reserves
Rm

Other
reserves
Rm

Retained
income
Rm

 12 946 
 7 653 

1

8

 (355)

Attributable
to owners
of the parent
Rm

Non-
controlling
interests
Rm

 17 437 
 7 653 
 760 
 (254)
 15 
 174 
 23 

 (2 217)
(3)

 23 588 

 9 677 
 (54)
 122 
 15 
 (183)
 (3 012)

 (619)
(740)

 (2 217)

 18 027 

 9 677 

 92 

 (3 012)

 1 

 (164)

 (163)

8

(1)

(740)

733

 24 784 

 28 794 

Total
equity
Rm

 17 414 
 7 657 
 795 
 (254)
 15 
 174 
 25 
 8 
 (2 223)
(3)

 23 608 

 9 647 
 (54)
 122 
 15 
 (183)
 (3 012)
 468
 (624)
 (1 181)

 28 806 

 (23)
 4 
 35 

 2 
 8 
 (6)

 20 

 (30)

 468 
 (5)
 (441)

 12 

 
p 296

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

Audited condensed group statement of cash flows
for the year ended 31 December

Cash flows from operating activities 
Cash generated by/(utilised in) operations
Interest paid
Interest received
Tax paid
Dividends paid

Cash flows from investing activities
Property, plant and equipment to maintain operations
Property, plant and equipment to expand operations
Investment in intangible assets
Proceeds from disposal of intangible assets
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment
Increase in investments in other non-current assets
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiaries
Increase in joint ventures and associates
Acquisition of subsidiaries
Proceeds from disposal of financial assets designated through  
profit or loss
Income from equity-accounted investments
Income from investments
Other investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Interest-bearing borrowings raised
Interest-bearing borrowings repaid
Consideration paid to non-controlling interests
Proceeds from issuance of share capital
Increase in loans from non-controlling interests

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

– Cash and cash equivalents before restatement
– IFRS 11 early adoption restatement

Translation difference on movement in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year

Cash and cash equivalents classified as held-for-sale 
at end of the period
Cash and cash equivalents per statement of financial position

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

 Group 

2012

 Rm 

 3 969 
 (345)
208
 (277)
 (3 012)

 543 

 (1 571)
 (3 762)
 (36)
 77 
 77 
 (16)
81
 (396)
 (1 421)

 5 
 4 019 
 3 

 (2 940)

 5 800 
 (5 925)
 (1 181)
 15 

 (1 291)

 (3 688)

 4 118

 4 118 

 123 

 553 

 553 

 553 

2011
 Restated 
 Rm 

 6 189 
 (566)
532
 (499)
 (2 123)

 3 533 

 (1 591)
 (3 267)
 (119)

 483 
 (110)
 50 

 3 516 
 9 
 (13)

 (1 042)

 338 
 (953)

 15 
 11 

 (589)

 1 902 

2 077

 2 140 
 (63)

 139 

 4 118 

 3 100 
 1 018 

 4 118 

 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 297

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED GROUP ANNUAL FINANCIAL RESULTS (Audited)
for the year ended 31 December

1.   Basis of preparation

The audited condensed group annual financial results for the year ended 31 December 2012 have been prepared 
under the supervision of WA de Klerk CA(SA), reg no: 00133273, in accordance with International Standard on Review 
Engagements (ISRE) 2410, International Accounting Standard (IAS) 34 Interim Financial Reporting, the requirements 
of the South African Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, as amended, the AC 500 standards issued by the Accounting 
Practices Board or its successor and the South African Institute of Charted Accountants (SAICA), Financial Reporting 
Guides as issued by the Accounting Practices Committee and Financial Reporting Pronouncements as issued by the 
Financial Reporting Standards Council and in compliance with the Listings Requirements of the JSE Limited (JSE). 
These condensed group annual financial statements have also been prepared in accordance with the framework 
concepts, measurement and recognition requirements of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 
as required by the JSE.

The condensed group annual financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, excluding financial 
instruments and biological assets, which are fairly valued, and conform to IFRS as issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

During 2012 the following accounting pronouncements became effective:

•    Amendment to IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosure

•    Amendment to IFRS 1 First Time Adoption

•   Amendment to IAS 12 Income Taxes

Effective date

1 July 2011

1 July 2011

1 January 2012

These pronouncements had no material impact on the accounting of transactions or the disclosure thereof.

During 2012, Exxaro early adopted the suite of consolidation standards issued in 2011, effective 1 January 2013. 

The early adoption incorporated the following standards:
•   IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements (as amended)
•   IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements (as amended)
• 
•   IAS 27 Separate Financial Statements (revised)
•   IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (revised)

IFRS 12 Disclosures of Interest in Other Entities (as amended)

The impact of the early adoption of these standards is disclosed in the notes of these condensed group annual financial 
results (refer to note 3).

The group has early adopted IAS 19 Employee Benefits (revised) in 2012. The impact of the early adoption on the prior 
year was considered by management to be immaterial.

The accounting standards and amendments issued to accounting standards and interpretations, other than those 
early adopted, which are relevant to the group, but not yet effective at 31 December 2012, have not been adopted. It is 
expected that where applicable, these standards and amendments will be adopted on each respective effective date, 
except where specifically identified. There has been no impact on the group by applying IFRS 10 retrospectively.

p 298

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

2.  Accounting policies

The accounting policies, methods of computation and presentation adopted are consistent with those applied in the 
annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2011, except as described below in note 3, where joint 
ventures previously proportionately consolidated are now equity accounted.

The group has early adopted the following standards, together with the consequential amendments to other IFRS, 
for the financial year ended 31 December 2012:

IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements (as amended)

IFRS 10 was issued in May 2011 (and subsequently amended) and replaces all the guidance on control and consolidation 
in IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, and SIC-12 Consolidation — Special Purpose Entities. Under 
IFRS 10, subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) over which the group has control. The group controls 
an entity when the group has power over an entity, is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement 
with the entity and has the ability to affect these returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully 
consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the group. They are deconsolidated from the date that 
control ceases. The group has applied IFRS 10 retrospectively in accordance with the transition provisions of IFRS 10.

IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements (as amended)

IFRS 11 was issued in May 2011 (and subsequently amended) and supersedes IAS 31 Interests in Joint Ventures and  
SIC-13 Jointly Controlled Entities — Non-monetary Contributions by Ventures. On transition, adjustments in accordance 
with the transition provisions of the standard are recorded at the beginning of the earliest period presented.

Before 1 January 2012, the group’s interest in its jointly controlled entities was accounted for using the proportional 
consolidation method. The investments affected by the early adoption of this IFRS are Mafube Coal Mining Proprietary 
Limited and South Dunes Coal Terminal Company Proprietary Limited. 

IAS 19 Employee Benefits (revised)

These amendments eliminate the corridor approach and calculate finance cost based on net funding basis. There was 
no impact on the prior year as a result of the early adoption of IAS 19 (revised).

Changes in accounting policy

The group early adopted IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements (as amended), on 1 January 2012. This resulted in the group 
changing its accounting policy for its interests in the jointly controlled entities. Under IFRS 11, investments in joint 
arrangements are classified either as joint operations or joint ventures, depending on the contractual rights and 
obligations each investor has rather than just the legal structure of the joint arrangement. Under IFRS 11, the above-
mentioned jointly controlled arrangements have been assessed and classified to be joint ventures. Refer to note 3 
for further details. 

In respect of its interest in the joint operation, the group recognises its share of assets, liabilities, revenues and 
expenses. The group accounts for the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in accordance with the IFRS applicable 
to the pa ticular assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 299

The financial effects of the change in accounting policies at 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2011 are shown in 
note 3 below.

3.  Early adoption of IFRS 11

Joint arrangements
The group had several interests in joint arrangements established as limited liability companies. Under IAS 31, these 
were assessed as jointly controlled entities and were proportionately consolidated in terms of IAS 31. The group has 
reassessed the classification of its joint arrangements under IFRS 11.

 Exxaro 
shareholding 
 interest (%) 

 Previous 
treatment

 Revised 
treatment

Mafube Coal Proprietary Limited – joint venture with Anglo  
Operations Limited
South Dunes Coal Terminal Company Proprietary Limited  
–  joint venture with Eskom Enterprises Proprietary Limited  

and Golang Coal Proprietary Limited

Moranbah joint arrangement – joint operation with Anglo American

Cennergi Proprietary Limited (note 14)

Impact of change in accounting policy on 
the statement of comprehensive income

Revenues
Operating expenses
Net financing cost
Income from investments
Share of income from equity accounted 
investments

Profit before tax
Tax expense

Profit after tax

For the period ended 
31 December 2011
 as previously 
presented
Rm

21 305
(16 924)
(291)
9

4 668

8 767
(1 110)

7 657

 50 

 33 

 50 

 50 

 Proportionately 
consolidated 
 Proportionately 
consolidated 

 Equity 
accounted 
 Equity 
accounted 

 Share of net 
income, assets 
and liabilities 
Acquired 
in 2012

 Share of net 
income, assets 
and liabilities 
 Equity 
accounted 

For the period ended
 31 December 2011
 Restated

Impact of change in
 accounting policy

Rm

20 962
(16 838)
(226)
9

4 745

8 652
(995)

7 657

Rm

(343)
86
65

77

(115)
115

  
p 300

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

3.  Early adoption of IFRS 11 (continued)

Impact of change in accounting policy 
on the statement of financial position

Assets
– Property, plant and equipment
– Financial assets
– Deferred tax
– Investments in joint ventures*
– Trade and other receivables
– Cash and cash equivalents
– Inventories

Liabilities
– Interest-bearing borrowings
– Non-current provisions
– Deferred tax
– Trade and other payables
– Current interest-bearing borrowings

For the period ended 
31 December 2011
as previously 
presented
Rm

10 695
1 757
228

2 763
1 065
589

2 202
2 166
1 845
3 334
866

For the period ended
 31 December 2011
 Restated

Impact of change in
 accounting policy

Rm

9 584
2 360
227
243
2 624
1 018
560

2 102
2 111
1 702
3 181
836

Rm

(1 111)
603
(1)
243
(139)
(47)
(29)

(481)

(100)
(55)
(143)
(153)
(30)

(481)

*  Relates to investments in joint arrangement classified as joint ventures in terms of IFRS 11 (as amended)

Impact of change in accounting policy 
on the statement of financial position

Assets
– Property, plant and equipment
– Financial assets
– Deferred tax
– Investments in joint ventures*
– Trade and other receivables
– Cash and cash equivalents
– Inventories

Liabilities
– Interest-bearing borrowings
– Non-current provisions
– Deferred tax
– Trade and other payables
– Current provisions
– Current interest-bearing borrowings

For the period ended 
1 January 2011
 as previously
presented
Rm

For the period ended
 1 January 2011 
Restated

Impact of change in
 accounting policy

Rm

Rm

13 305
1 589
726

3 752
2 140
3 120

3 644
2 097
1 352
3 057
33
716

12 194
2 390
724
168
3 505
2 077
3 080

3 504
2 065
1 323
2 796
30
688

(1 111)
801
(2)
168
(247)
(63)
(39)

(493)

(140)
(32)
(29)
(261)
(3)
(28)

(493)

*  Relates to investments in joint arrangement classified as joint ventures in terms of IFRS 11 (as amended)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 301

Impact on statement of cash flows

Cash flows from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

For the period ended
31 December 2011 
as previously 
presented
Rm

3 802
(1 313)
(603)

1 886

For the period ended
 31 December 2011
Restated

Impact of change in
 accounting policy

Rm

3 533
(1 042)
(589)

1 902

Rm

(269)
271
14

16

4.  Restatement of comparative periods

The early adoption of the new suite of consolidation standards has resulted in the restatement of comparative periods. 
Prior periods have also been represented for discontinued operations.

5.  Net operating profit is arrived at after

Continuing operations
Depreciation, and amortisation of intangible assets
Net realised foreign currency exchange gains
Net unrealised foreign exchange losses
Losses on derivative instruments held for trading
Impairment reversals of trade and other receivables
Royalties
Gains on disposal of non-core assets
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment

Year ended 31 December

2012 

Rm

(700)
60 
(79)
(1)
6 
(124)
42 
139 

2011 
Restated
Rm

(665)
177 
(20)
(154)
228 
(33)
1 
35 

p 302

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

6.  Segmental information

Reported segments are based on the group’s different products and operations as well as the physical location of these 
operations and associated products. The numbers below include both the continuing and discontinued operations.

Revenue
Coal

Tied
Commercial

Mineral sands

KZN Sands
Namakwa Sands
Australia Sands

Base metals

Rosh Pinah
Zincor
Inter-segmental

Other

Total external revenue

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations

Net operating profit/(loss)
Coal

Tied
Commercial

Mineral sands

KZN Sands1 
Namakwa Sands
Australia Sands

Base metals

Rosh Pinah
Zincor2
Other3

Other

Total net operating profit

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations

Year ended 31 December

2012 

Rm

2011 
Restated
Rm

12 064

12 420

3 449
8 615

3 594

855
1 589
1 150

299

218
81

165

16 122

12 229
3 893

2 105

285
1 820

1 925

680
1 009
236

422

 (7)
 (91)
520

3 105

7 557

1 738
5 819

3 140
9 280

6 587

1 196
2 904
2 487

1 847

698
1 551
 (402)

108

20 962

12 126
8 836

3 083

309
2 774

2 678

753
987
938

 (1 145)

102
 (1 239)
 (8)

 (491)

4 125

2 552
1 573

1 

2  
3 

 Includes a partial impairment reversal of R103 million (2011: R869 million) of the carrying value of property, plant and equipment at KZN Sands, 
of which the impairment was initially accounted for in 2009
 Includes an impairment of R516 million of the carrying value of property, plant and equipment at Zincor refinery in 2011
Includes profit on sale of R544 million in 2012

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 303

7.   Net financing costs

Continuing operations

Total interest income

Interest income

Interest received from joint ventures
Finance leases

Total interest expense

Interest expense and loan costs
Interest adjustment on non-current provisions and post-retirement obligations
Other
Borrowing costs capitalised

Net financing costs

8.  Discontinued operations

Rosh Pinah sale

Year ended 31 December

2012 

Rm

138

81

42
15

(325)

(249)
(404)
(2)
330 

(187)

2011 
Restated
Rm

261

203

58

(628)

(281)
(347)

(367)

On 1 June 2012, the conditions precedent to the sale of Exxaro’s 50,04% shareholding in Rosh Pinah mine operations 
to a subsidiary of Glencore International plc, were met. Proceeds of the sale transaction (R931 million) were received 
on 16 June 2012.

Mineral sands operations

Further regulatory and other approvals related to the transaction between Exxaro and Tronox Incorporated were 
obtained and the transaction became effective on 15 June 2012. The transaction entailed the combination of Exxaro’s 
mineral sands operations with the businesses of Tronox under a new Australian holding company, Tronox Limited, 
which listed on the New York Stock Exchange on 18 June 2012 under the ticker symbol TROX. As part of the Tronox 
transaction, 74% of the South African mineral sands operations and Exxaro’s 50% interest in the Tiwest joint venture 
in Australia. 

Financial information relating to the discontinued operations for the period to the date of disposal is set out below.

Year ended 31 December

The financial performance and cash flow information

Revenue
Operating expenses
Profit on sale of subsidiaries (note 9)

Net operating profit
Interest income
Interest expense
Income from investments 

Profit before tax 
Income tax expense

Profit for the period from discontinued operations

Cash flow attributable to operating activities
Cash flow attributable to investing activities
Cash flow attributable to financing activities

Cash flow attributable to discontinued operations

2012 

Rm

 3 893 
 (2 069)
3 995

 5 819 
 64 
 (230)

 5 653 
 (625)

5 028 

 1 036 
 (1 358)
 (2 778)

 (3 100)

2011 
Restated
Rm

8 836
 (7 263)

 1 573 
 64 
 76 
 5 

 1 718 
 (124)

 1 594 

 927 
 (286)
 1 979 

2 620

 
p 304

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

9.   Gains on the disposal of investments and non-core assets

9.1  Discontinued operations

 Year ended 31 December 2012 

Consideration received or receivable
Cash1
39,2% shares in Tronox Limited at fair value
26% shares in SA mineral sands operations at fair value
26% members’ interest in Tronox Sands LLP at fair value

Total disposal consideration
Foreign currency translation reserve realised
Hedging reserves realised
Carrying amount of net assets sold

Gain on sale2

1  After net working capital adjustments

2  After tax of Rnil

9.2  Other non-core assets

Consideration received or receivable:
Cash

Total disposal consideration
Carrying amount of net assets sold

Gain on sale1

1  After tax of Rnil

Consideration received or receivable:
Cash

Total disposal consideration
Carrying amount of net assets sold

Gain/(loss) on sale1

1  After tax of Rnil

Mineral 
sands
Rm

202
 10 605 
 1 181 
 1 091 

13 079
 459 
 137 
 (10 224)

 3 451 

Rosh Pinah
Rm

931

931

 (387)

 544 

 Year ended 31 December 2012

Ndzalama
Rm

Northfield
Rm

5

5
(3)

2

40

40

 Year ended 31 December 2011

Turkey
Rm

Glen Douglas
Rm

17

17
 (12)

5

33

33
 (37)

 (4)

Total
Rm

1 133
 10 605 
 1 181 
 1 091 

 14 010 
 459 
137
 (10 611)

 3 995 

Total
Rm

5

5
37

42

Total
Rm

50

50
 (49)

1

10.   Dividends

Total dividends paid in 2012 amounted to R3 012 million, made up of a dividend of R1 771 million that relates to the 
period to 31 December 2011, which was paid in April 2012, as well as an interim dividend of R1 241 million paid in 
September 2012. 

A final dividend for 2012 of 150 cents per share (2011: 500 cents per share) was approved by the board of directors 
on 6 March 2013. The dividend is payable on 15 April 2013 to shareholders who were on the register at 12 April 2013. 
This final dividend, amounting to approximately R537 million (2011: R1 771 million), has not been recognised as 
a liability in this year-end financial information. It will be recognised in shareholders’ equity in the year ending 
31 December 2013.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 305

Dividend tax of 15% (effective 1 April 2012) is payable by shareholders on the dividends paid during the year. 
As a result of the STC credits available to the company, the shareholders will not have to pay the dividend tax 
on the dividends.

Issued share capital as at declaration date (number)
Company tax reference number

357 787 785
9218/098/14/4

Year ended 31 December

2012 

2011 
Audited

11.  Share capital

Ordinary shares (million)
– in issue
–  weighted average number of shares
–  diluted weighted average number of shares

12.   Non-current assets classified as held-for-sale 

The major classes of assets and liabilities classified as held-for-sale
Assets
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets
Deferred tax
Financial assets
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables
Current tax receivable
Cash and cash equivalents 

Liabilities
Interest-bearing borrowings 
Non-current provisions
Current provisions
Deferred tax
Trade and other payables
Current tax payable

Total at end of the year

 358 
 354 
355

Year ended 31 December

2012 
Rm

 354 
 348 
 353 

2011 
Rm

6 771
132
465
158
2 404
1 931
18
3 100

14 979

 (834)
 (682)
 (10)
 (69)
 (967)
 (3)

 (2 565)

12 414

Included in 2011 were the assets and liabilities of Rosh Pinah, the Australian and South African mineral sands 
operations which were effectively sold in 2012. 

p 306

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

13.   Business combinations

On 14 February 2012, the group acquired a controlling interest of 67% of the share capital of African Iron Ore Limited 
(AKI), for AU$190 million (R1 562 million), which is included in the “other” business segment. The acquisition is 
classified as an acquisition of a business.

AKI is a junior mining, exploration and development company previously listed on the Australian Stock Exchange, 
working on the development and exploration of the Mayoko Iron Ore Ngoubou-Ngoubou Projects in the Republic 
of Congo in Central West Africa.

The acquired business is still in development state, and thus has not contributed any revenues to the group results. 
It has also contributed R9 million losses to the group’s operating profit for the period from 14 February 2012 to 
31 December 2012. If the date of acquisition was 1 January 2012, revenue contribution from this business would have 
been Rnil, while the net operating loss would have been R21,8 million.

The goodwill of AU$102 million (R827 million) at acquisition, arising from the acquisition relates to the future 
potential upside of the business and deferred tax on the mineral asset.

The following summarises the consideration paid for the AKI group, the fair value of the assets acquired, liabilities 
assumed and the non-controlling interest at the acquisition date.

Details of the acquired assets 

Purchase consideration:
Cash consideration at 14 February 2012

Total consideration transferred

Recognised amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed
Cash and cash equivalents
Property, plant and equipment 
Trade and other receivables 
Trade and other payables
Deferred tax liabilities

Total identifiable net assets
Non-controlling interest
Goodwill

Total

Total purchase consideration
Less: cash and cash equivalents in subsidiary acquired

Cash outflow on acquisition of subsidiary

Year ended
 31 December 

2012
Rm

1 562

1 562

141
1 537
6
(25)
(456)

1 203
(468)
827

1 562

1 562
(141)

1 421

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 307

As part of the acquisition, Exxaro acquired AKI’s duty to pay a deferred consideration in the form of a production 
royalty of AU$1/tonne of iron ore shipped.

Acquisition-related costs of R41 million have been charged to operating expenses in the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income for the period ended 31 December 2012.

Non-controlling interest has been measured using the proportionate share of the acquiree’s net identifiable assets. 
At acquisition, non-controlling interests were identified as the remaining 33% in AKI and 8% in DMC Iron Congo SA.

There are no contingent consideration arrangements with the former owners of AKI.

The fair value of trade and other receivables is R6 million and includes no trade receivables as the business is still 
in exploration and development phase. 

The gross contractual amount for other receivables due is R6 million, all of which is expected to be collectible.

Transactions with non-controlling interests

During March 2012, the group acquired the remaining 33% of the issued shares of the AKI for a purchase 
consideration of AU$123 million (R1 049 million). The group now holds 100% of the equity share capital of AKI. 
The carrying amount of the 33% non-controlling interests in AKI on the date of acquisition was R397 million.

During June 2012, the group acquired an additional 5% of the issued share capital of DMC Iron Congo SA for a 
purchase consideration of AU$16,5 million (R133 million). The carrying amount of the 5% non-controlling interests 
of DMC Iron Congo SA on the date of acquisition was R44 million. The group now holds 97% of the equity share 
capital of DMC Iron Congo SA.

The group derecognised non-controlling interests of R441 million and recorded a decrease in equity attributable 
to owners of the parent of R740 million. The effect of changes in the ownership interest of AKI and DMC Iron Congo 
SA on the equity attributable to owners of the company during the year is summarised as follows:

Carrying amount of non-controlling interests acquired 
Excess of consideration paid recognised in parent’s equity

Consideration paid for non-controlling interest

14.  Investments

Market value of listed investments

Fair value of unlisted investments in associates and joint ventures
Market value of listed investments in associates
Fair value of unlisted investments included in other financial assets
Fair value of unlisted investments in non-current assets held-for-sale

Year ended 
31 December

2012
Rm

(441)
(740)

(1 181)

Year ended 31 December

2012

Rm

52

 29 963 
 7 911 
 716 

2011
Restated
Rm

44

 23 698 

 389 
 4 

p 308

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

14.  Investments (continued)

On 2 March 2012, Exxaro Resources Limited and The Tata Power Company Limited (Tata Power), through its 
subsidiary Khopoli Investments, announced the formation of a 50:50 joint venture to create a new energy company, 
Cennergi Proprietary Limited.

Cennergi, which will be based in South Africa and will focus on the investigation of feasibility, development, 
ownership, operation, maintenance, acquisition and management of electricity generation projects in South Africa, 
Botswana and Namibia. The initial project pipeline focuses on renewable energy projects in South Africa and 
Cennergi’s strategy is to create a balanced portfolio of generation assets.

On 15 June 2012, Exxaro Resources Limited acquired 39,2% of the shares in Tronox Limited (an Australian holding 
company) and a 26% members interest in Tronox Sands LLP. The consideration comprised the transfer of the 
following to Tronox Limited and Tronox Sands LLP:

•  74% of the shares and intercompany debt in Exxaro’s South African mineral sands operations (Namakwa Sands 

and KZN Sands mines and smelters); and

•   Exxaro’s 50% interest in the Tiwest joint venture in Australia.

Exxaro retained a direct 26% shareholding in each of the South African operations.

In addition to the initial investment, Exxaro has since increased its shareholding to 44,65% as at 31 December 2012.

The investments in Tronox Limited and Tronox Sands LLP have been accounted for as an investment in an associate 
using the equity method in accordance with IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures. 

15.   Net (debt)/cash1

Calculation of movement in net debt:
Net cash (outflow)/inflow
– shares issued
– loans from non-controlling interests
– share-based payments
–  consideration paid to non-controlling interests
– net debt of subsidiaries disposed
–  non-cash flow movements in net debt applicable to currency translation differences 

of transactions denominated in foreign currency

–  non-cash flow movements in net debt applicable to currency translation differences 

of net debt items of foreign entities

–  cash flow changes relating to change in accounting policy

(Increase)/decrease in net debt

1  Non-IFRS information

Year ended 31 December

2012

Rm

 (2 397)
 15 

(1 181)
820

 (70)

 268 

2011
Restated
Rm

 2 491 
 15 
 11 
 (2)

125

 (8)

 (151)
64

 (2 545)

 2 546 

Net (debt)/cash is calculated as being interest-bearing borrowings, less cash and cash equivalents, including those 
classified as non-current assets held-for-sale.

 
 
EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 309

16.   Contingent liabilities

Contingent liabilities

Year ended 31 December

2012

Rm

1 055

2011
Restated
Rm

1 197

Contingent liabilities include guarantees in the normal course of business from which it is anticipated that no material 
liabilities will arise. This includes guarantees to banks and other institutions. The decrease in possible claims from 
ongoing litigation as well as operational guarantees in 2012 is mainly attributable to the sale of the mineral sands 
operations and Rosh Pinah, partially offset by the increase in the group’s share of contingent liabilities of associates 
and joint ventures.

This includes the group’s share of contingent liabilities of associates and joint ventures of R276 million 
(2011: R198 million). These contingent liabilities have no tax impact. The timing and occurrence of any possible 
outflows are uncertain.

17.   Contingent assets

Contingent assets

Year ended 31 December

2012

Rm

85

2011
Restated
Rm

82

A surrender fee of R85 million (2011: R82 million) in exchange for the exclusive right to prospect, explore, investigate 
and mine for coal within a designated area in Central Queensland and Moranbah, Australia, conditional on the grant 
of a mining lease.

18.   Related party transactions

During the period the company and its subsidiaries, in the ordinary course of business, entered into various sale and 
purchase transactions with associates and joint ventures. These transactions were subject to terms that are no less 
favourable than those arranged with third parties.

19.   Financial instruments

No reclassification of financial instruments occurred during the period under review.

20.  Going concern

Taking into account the global economy, the group’s liquidity position as well as internal budgets for the short to 
medium term, it is expected that the group will continue to trade as a going concern within the next 12 months.

21.  JSE Limited Listings Requirements

The financial year-end results announcement has been prepared in accordance with the Listings Requirements of the 
JSE Limited.

22.  Corporate governance

During 2012, the company again reviewed its application of the principles contained in the King Report on Governance 
for South Africa 2009 (King III), which application and explanation has been disclosed in detail in this Integrated 
Report. Other than the board of directors not consisting of a majority of independent directors, which will be fully 
explained in the Integrated Report, and some improvements required in respect of full application of the principles 
dealing with the Governance of Information Technology, the company applies the King III principles.

p 310

FINANCIAL CAPITAL

23.  Mineral resources and mineral reserves

The annual revision of Exxaro’s mineral resources and mineral reserves is in process. This includes the compilation 
of updated geological models as well as audits done on information, estimation methods, modifying factors 
resources and the modelling. The revised estimated mineral resources and mineral reserves has been published 
in the annual report.

24.  Events after the reporting period

Subsequent to the reporting date of 31 December 2012, Mr U Khumalo resigned as non-executive director effective 
31 January 2013. The directors are not aware of any significant matter or circumstance arising after the statement 
of financial position date up to the date of this report, not otherwise dealt with in this report.

25.  Independent external auditor opinion

The abridged consolidated financial statements derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Exxaro 
Resources Limited for the year ended 31 December 2012 as set out page 290 to 311, are consistent, in all material 
respects, with those consolidated financial statements, in accordance with the requirements of the JSE Limited 
Listings Requirements for abridged reports, set out in note 1 to the abridged consolidated financial statements, 
and the requirements of the Companies Act of South Africa as applicable to summary financial statements. 
The independent external auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers, have audited the abridged consolidated financial 
statements as set out on page 290 to 311 in accordance with International Standards on Auditing 810 — “Engagements 
to report on summary financial statements”. Their unqualified audit report is available for inspection at the 
company’s registered office.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 311

26.  Salient features1

Net asset value per share (Rand)
Capital expenditure
– incurred
– contracted
– authorised, but not contracted
Capital expenditure contracted relating to captive mines, Tshikondeni, Arnot and 
Matla, which will be financed by ArcelorMittal SA Limited and Eskom, respectively
Operating lease commitments
Operating sublease rentals receivable

1  Non-IFRS numbers

Year ended 31 December

2012

Rm

80

5 333
6 283
4 208

116
18
1

2011
Restated
Rm

67

4 858
7 614
2 413

90
59
4

12

additional 
information

Secondary crusher for the Dense Medium Separation plant at Leeuwpan

p 314

MINING CHARTER SCORECARD

Element

Reporting

Ownership

Description

Measure

Has the company reported the level of 
compliance with the charter for the 
calendar year

Documentary proof of receipt from the 
department

Minimum target for effective HDSA 
ownership

Meaningful economic participation

Full shareholder rights

Housing and living 
conditions

Conversion and upgrading of hostels to 
attain the occupancy rate of one person 
per room

Percentage reduction of occupancy rate 
towards 2014 target

Conversion and upgrading of hostels into 
family units

Percentage conversion of hostels into 
family units

Procurement and 
enterprise development

Procurement spent on BEE entity

Capital goods

Services

Consumable goods

Multinational suppliers contribution to 
the social fund

Annual spend on procurement from 
multinational suppliers

Employment equity

Diversification of the workplace to reflect 
the country’s demographics to attain 
competitiveness

Human resources 
development

Developing requisite skills, including 
support for South Africa-based research 
and development initiatives intended to 
develop solutions in exploration, mining, 
processing, technology mining, 
beneficiation as well as environmental 
conservation

Top management (board)

Senior management

Middle management

Junior management

HRD expenditure as percentage of total 
annual payroll (excluding mandatory 
skills development levy)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 315

Compliance target for 2011

Progress

Annually

Reports submitted annually per mining right to the DMR

15% 

15%

52,14%

52,14%

Occupancy rate of one person per 
room by 2014

Family units established by 2014

Accommodation
•  Exxaro provides accommodation to 22% of its employees
•  Number of people in hostel rooms — 6
•  Number of employees accommodated in single quarters (one person per 

room) — 1 038

•  Number of employees staying in family units — 740
•  Number of company houses sold to employees — 606

Housing allowance
Bargaining unit employees receive either a housing allowance or a living-out 
allowance for accommodation. These allowances differ by job grading and are 
annually revised through collective bargaining. Non-bargaining unit employees 
receive an all-inclusive remuneration package.

5% 

30% 

10%

0,5%

20% 

20% 

30% 

40% 

3%

59%

37%

47%

60%

34%

54%

64%

5,5%

p 316 MINING CHARTER SCORECARD

Element

Description

Measure

Mine community 
development

Conduct ethnographic community 
consultative and collaborative processes 
to delineate community needs analysis

Implement approved community projects

Sustainable development 
and growth

Improvement of the industry’s 
environmental management

Implement approved environmental 
management programmes (EMPs)

Improvement of the industry’s mine  
health and safety performance

Implementation of tripartite action plan 
on health and safety

Utilisation of South Africa-based research 
facilities for analysis of samples across 
the mining value

Percentage of samples in South African 
facilities

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 317

Compliance target for 2011

Progress

Up-to-date project implementation 
by 2014

100% by 2014

100% by 2014

100% by 2014

•  Continual engagement with all stakeholders (ie authorities, interested and 

affected parties) ensures a collaborative approach in implementing Exxaro’s 
community projects

•  Total spend on socio-economic development in 2012 was 1,79% of adjusted 

net profit after tax

Implementation of approved EMPs: Exxaro assesses progress towards 
achieving objectives, monitors environmental changes and updates EMPs, 
performs audits, and assesses financial provision.

All operations with EMPs are committed to concurrent rehabilitation and 
closure planning. Programmes are in place to achieve the compliance target 
by 2014.

Culture transformation
•  Leadership strategies (programmes implemented)
•  Risk management (programmes implemented)
•  Bonuses and performance incentives (programmes implemented)
•  Leading practices (programmes implemented)
•  Elimination of discrimination (programmes developed).

MOSH leading practices adopted at Exxaro
•  Dust suppression (adoption and rollout)
•  Hearing protective devices (setting up an adoption site)
•  Fall of ground (adopted)
•  Collision avoidance system (adopted).

In 2012, Exxaro started investigating adoption of a dust and noise audit tool 
(MHSC).

Health: 100% of mandatory reports submitted.

HIV/Aids: ongoing testing, provision of treatment or access to treatment.

TB: implementing a management standard aligned with the departments 
of mineral resources and health.

Exxaro’s operations, its research and development department and its projects 
generate large volumes of samples for analyses. These were predominantly 
analysed in South Africa at in-house or contracted off-site South Africa-based 
laboratories during 2012. 

Exxaro funds four tertiary chairs as part of its research-support initiatives:
•  Exxaro chair in global change and sustainability at University 

of the Witwatersrand (Wits)

•  Exxaro chair in business and climate change at the University of South Africa 

(Unisa)

•  Exxaro chair in biodiversity and business at University of Pretoria
•  Exxaro chair in energy efficiency at the University of Pretoria.

p 318

MINING CHARTER SCORECARD

Element

Description

Measure

Beneficiation

Contribution towards beneficiation 
(effective from 2012)

Added production volume contributory to 
local value addition beyond the baseline

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 319

Compliance target for 2011

Progress

Section 26 of MRPDA  
(% above baseline)

Exxaro is in the business of mining and beneficiating minerals. Most of its coal 
is sold as final product for use by customers to generate electricity and as 
reagent in metallurgical processes. 

Exxaro does not benefit from incentives in the mining charter for beneficiation 
as the group cannot offset ownership with beneficiation initiatives; it is 
black-owned.

Exxaro is a founder member of South African Minerals to Metals Research 
Institute (SAMMRI) which is an industry- and government-supported academic 
institution. The partnership with SAMMRI is to conduct medium- to long-term 
research on beneficiation to develop value-adding technologies and internal 
skills (HDSA) in South Africa.

A coal downstream project is our market coke initiative, where we are 
investigating the production of market coke as a reductant for the chrome 
industry. 

The first full production year for the Exxaro char plant was 2008. Grootegeluk 
beneficiates its coal in the char plant and the product is sold locally to 
ferroalloy smelters as reductant. Tar is processed as a by-product and sold to 
a tar-refining company for further processing into products such as wood 
preservatives. The full production capacity of the plant is 140ktpa char and 
8ktpa tar. In 2012, char production was reduced due to electricity buy-backs 
by Eskom from the ferroalloy industry, reducing demand for char by Exxaro’s 
ferroalloy customers.

Tronox (in which Exxaro has a large shareholding) is investigating downstream 
beneficiation opportunities for titania slag and zircon. A number of new 
titanium metal production technologies were investigated with the aim of 
establishing a local production facility. Investigations and studies are medium 
to long term and ongoing.

Exxaro has been developing the AlloyStreamTM process and associated 
technology as reported on page 204.

p 320

ASSURANCE STATEMENT

Independent assurance report to the Directors of Exxaro 
Resources Limited
We have been engaged by the directors of Exxaro Resources Limited (“Exxaro” or the 
“Company”) to perform an assurance engagement in respect of Selected Identified 
Sustainability Information reported in Exxaro’s Integrated Annual Report for the year 
ended 31 December 2012 (the “Report”). This report is produced in accordance with 
the terms of our contract with the Company dated 27 September 2012. 

Independence and expertise
We have complied with the International Federation of Accountants’ Code of Ethics 
for Professional Accountants, which includes comprehensive independence and 
other requirements founded on fundamental principles of integrity, objectivity, and 
professional competence and due care, confidentiality and professional behaviour. 
Our engagement was conducted by a multidisciplinary team of health, safety, 
environmental and assurance specialists with extensive experience in sustainability 
reporting.

Scope and subject matter
The subject matter of our engagement and the related levels of assurance that we are 
required to provide are as follows:

Reasonable assurance
The following identified sustainability information in the report was selected for an 
expression of reasonable assurance:

(a)  Number of fatalities (pages 72, 75, 78, 90, 91, 92)

(b)  Number of lost-time injuries (LTIs) — employees (page 92)

(c)  Number of lost-time injuries (LTIs) — employees and contractors (page 89)

(d)  Lost-time injury frequency rate (LTIFR) — employees (pages 72, 75, 78, 90, 91, 92)

(e)  Lost-time injury frequency rate (LTIFR) — employees and contractors (pages 72, 

75, 78, 90, 91, 92)

(f)  Total diesel used (GJ) (page 152)

(g)  Total Sasol gas used (GJ) (page 152)

(h)  Total electricity used (GJ) (page 152)
(i)  Scope 2 emissions (CO2 tonnes) (pages 128, 154)
(j)  Status of integrated water user license (IWUL) applications (pages 120, 132)

(k)  Number of amendments made to the approved environmental management 

programme reports (EMPRs) (page 120)

(l)  Ownership (% ownership by historically disadvantaged South Africans (HDSAs) 

(page 72)

(m)  Procurement from HDSA suppliers (R-value and % spend of total procurement) 

(pages 72, 198)

(n)  Employment equity (total number of employees per race, gender and grade) 

(page 96)

(o)  Percentage conversion of hostels into family units (page 102)

Limited assurance
The following identified sustainable development information in the report was 
selected for an expression of limited assurance:

(a)  Total number of people participating in voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) 

(page 107)

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 321

(b)  Number of employees tested positive for HIV — prevalence (%) (pages 58, 78, 107)

(c)  Number of reported cases of pneumoconiosis (page 105)

(d)  Number of reported cases of occupational TB (page 105)

(e)  Number of reported cases of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) (page 105)
(f)  Scope 1 emissions (CO2 tonnes) (page 128)
(g)  Scope 3 emissions (CO2 tonnes) (page 128) 
(h)  Number of level 2 and 3 environmental incidents (page 125)

(i)  Total water withdrawal by source (m3) (page 132)

(j)  Environmental fallout dust: Number of sites (single bucket points) (page 123)

(k)  Environmental fallout dust: Number of months exceeding 600mg/m2/day 

(page 123)

(l)  Environmental fallout dust: Number of months exceeding 1200mg/m2/day 

(page 123)

(m)  Disturbances versus land rehabilitation (hectares) (page 148)

(n)  Hazardous waste generated from managed coal operations (tonnes) (page 151)

(o)  Radioactive waste (compliance to National Nuclear Regulator) (page 151)

The self declared B+ GRI application level (page 01) was also selected for an expression 
of limited assurance.

We refer to information described above as the Selected Identified Sustainability 
Information.

We have not carried out any work on data reported for prior reporting periods except 
for data that was included in the prior year’s assurance scope, nor have we performed 
work in respect of future projections and targets. We have not conducted any work 
outside of the agreed scope and therefore restrict our opinion to the Selected 
Identified Sustainability Information.

Respective responsibilities of the directors and PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc.
The directors of Exxaro are responsible for selection, preparation and presentation of 
the Selected Identified Sustainability Information in accordance with the criteria set 
out in Exxaro’s internal corporate reporting policies and procedures and the Global 
Reporting Initiative’s (GRI) G3 guidelines, collectively referred to as the “Reporting 
Criteria”. The directors of Exxaro are also responsible for such internal control as the 
directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the Selected Identified 
Sustainability Information that are free from material misstatements, whether due to 
fraud or error. 

Our responsibility is to form an independent conclusion, based on our assurance 
procedures, on whether the Selected Identified Sustainability Information selected for 
reasonable assurance has been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with 
the Reporting Criteria.

We further have a responsibility to form an independent conclusion, based on our 
limited assurance procedures, on whether anything has come to our attention to 
indicate that the Selected Identified Sustainability Information selected for limited 
assurance has not been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the 
Reporting Criteria.

This report, including the conclusions, has been prepared solely for the directors of the 
Company as a body, to assist the directors in reporting on the Company’s sustainability 

p 322

ASSURANCE

performance and activities. We permit the disclosure of this report within the Report 
for the year ended 31 December 2012, to enable the directors to demonstrate they 
have discharged their governance responsibilities by commissioning an independent 
assurance report in connection with the report. To the fullest extent permitted by law, 
we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the directors as a body 
and the Company for our work or this report save where terms are expressly agreed 
and with our prior consent in writing.

Assurance work performed
We conduct assurance engagements in accordance with International Standard on 
Assurance Engagements 3000 — ‘Assurance Engagements other than Audits and 
Reviews of Historical Financial Information’ issued by the International Auditing and 
Assurance Standards Board (“ISAE 3000”). This standard requires that we comply 
with ethical requirements and that we plan and perform the assurance engagement to 
obtain either reasonable or limited assurance on the Selected Identified Sustainability 
Information as per the terms of our engagement.

Our work included examination, on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the Selected 
Identified Sustainability Information. It also included an assessment of the significant 
estimates and judgements made by the directors in the preparation of the Selected 
Identified Sustainability Information. We planned and performed our work so as to 
obtain all the information and explanations that we considered necessary in order to 
provide us with sufficient evidence on which to base our conclusion in respect of the 
Selected Identified Sustainability Information.

Our work consisted of:

•  reviewing processes that Exxaro have in place for determining the identified 

sustainability information included in the report;

•  obtaining an understanding of the systems used to generate, aggregate and report 

the Selected Identified Sustainability Information;

•  conducting interviews with management at the sampled operations and at head 

office;

•  applying the assurance criteria in evaluating the data generation and reporting 

processes;

•  performing control walkthroughs;

•  testing the accuracy of data reported on a sample basis for limited and reasonable 

assurance;

•  reviewing the consolidation of the data at head office to obtain an understanding of 
the consistency of the reporting processes compared with prior years and to obtain 
explanations for deviations in performance trends;

•  reviewing the consistency between the identified sustainability information and 

related statements in Exxaro’s Report; and

•  reviewing the accuracy of Exxaro’s self-declaration of the GRI (G3) application level 

in the Report.

A limited assurance engagement is substantially less in scope than a reasonable 
assurance engagement under ISAE 3000. Consequently, the nature, timing and 
extent of procedures for gathering sufficient appropriate evidence are deliberately 
limited relative to a reasonable assurance engagement, and therefore less assurance 
is obtained with a limited assurance engagement than for a reasonable assurance 
engagement.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 323

The procedures selected depend on our judgement, including the assessment of the 
risk of material misstatement of the Selected Identified Sustainability Information, 
whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, we consider internal 
control relevant to the Company’s preparation of the Selected Identified Sustainability 
Information in order to design procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances.

We believe that the evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide 
a basis for our conclusions. 

Inherent limitations
Non-financial performance information is subject to more inherent limitations than 
financial information, given the characteristics of the subject matter and the methods 
used for determining, calculating, sampling and estimating such information. The 
absence of a significant body of established practice on which to draw allows for 
the selection of different but acceptable measurement techniques, which can result 
in materially different measurements and can impact comparability. Qualitative 
interpretations of relevance, materiality and the accuracy of data are subject to 
individual assumptions and judgements. The precision of different measurement 
techniques may also vary. Furthermore, the nature and methods used to determine 
such information, as well as the measurement criteria and the precision thereof, may 
change over time. It is important to read the report in the context of the Reporting 
Criteria referred to where Selected Identified Sustainability Information appears in 
the Report.

In particular, conversion factors used to calculate carbon emission information are 
based upon information and factors derived by independent third parties.

Conclusions
Reasonable assurance
Based on the results of our procedures, in our opinion, the identified sustainability 
information selected for reasonable assurance for the year ended 31 December 2012, 
has been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the Reporting Criteria.

Limited assurance
Based on the results of our procedures nothing has come to our attention that 
causes us to believe that the identified sustainability information selected for limited 
assurance for the year ended 31 December 2012, has not been prepared, in all material 
respects, in accordance with the Reporting Criteria. 

Other matters
The maintenance and integrity of the Exxaro’s website is the responsibility of Exxaro’s 
management. Our procedures did not involve consideration of these matters and, 
accordingly we accept no responsibility for any changes to either the information in 
the report or our independent assurance report that may have occurred since the 
initial date of presentation on the Exxaro website.

PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc.
Director: Marthie Crafford
Registered Auditor
Johannesburg

28 March 2013

p 324

SHAREHOLDERS ANALYSIS

Registered shareholder spread as at 31 December 2012

Shareholder spread

1 – 1 000 shares
1 001 – 10 000 shares
10 001 – 100 000 shares
100 001 – 1 000 000 shares
1 000 001 shares and above

Total

Number 
of holders

% of total 
shareholders

Number 
of shares

% of issued 
capital

36 341
4 456
643
131
21

87,37
10,72
1,55
0,32
0,04

9 021 687
12 734 653
19 627 552
33 137 074
283 266 819

2,52
3,56
5,49
9,26
79,17

41 5921

100,00

357 787 785

100,00

1 

 The large increase in number of holders (2011: 23 853) is due to some nominee holdings having previously been consolidated, whereas disclosure is now 
based on beneficial holders

Public and non-public shareholdings

Shareholder

Non-public shareholders

Main Street 333 Proprietary Limited
Anglo South Africa Capital Proprietary Limited
Kumba Management Share Trust
Exxaro Employee Empowerment Share Trust
Konar L
Mohring RP
De Klerk WA
Nkosi SA2
Mntambo VZ3
Sowazi NL3
Zihlangu R3
Subsidiary directors

Public shareholders

Total

Number 
of holders

% of total 
shareholders

Number 
of shares

% of issued 
capital

25

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
14

41,567

41,592

0,06

231 534 911

0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,03

186 550 873
34 730 282
159 038
3 020 517
6 168
1 000
71 476
9 890 207
5 529 881
3 038 387
2 818 552
6 958 195

99,94

126 252 874

64,7

52,14
9,71
0,04
0,85
0,00
0,00
0,024
0,015

1,94

35,30

100,00

357 787 785

100,00

Includes 9 837 655 indirectly through Main Street 333 Proprietary Limited and 15 190 indirectly through the Kumba Management Share Trust

2 
3  Shares held indirectly through Main Street 333 Proprietary Limited
4 
5  Excludes 9 837 655 held indirectly through Main Street 333 Proprietary Limited

Includes direct and indirect holding

Substantial investment management and beneficial interests above 3%

Beneficial shareholdings

Main Street 333 Proprietary Limited
Anglo American South Africa Limited
Government Employees Pension Fund (PIC) 

Total

Total 
shareholding

186 550 873
34 730 282
26 099 964

247 381 119

%

52,14
9,71
7,29

69,14

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 325

Total
 shareholding

% of issued 
capital

186 550 873
38 750 015
39 385 094
35 038 500
17 093 603
14 092 693
9 356 021
6 785 290
3 020 517
1 412 229
923 395
581 899
437 300
407 292
380 857
92 901
89 336
47 660
3 342 310

52,14
10,83
11,01
9,79
4,78
3,94
2,61
1,90
0,84
0,39
0,26
0,16
0,12
0,11
0,11
0,03
0,02
0,01
0,95

357 787 785

100,00

Beneficial shareholder categories

Category

Black economic empowerment
Pension funds
Unit trusts/mutual fund
Corporate holding
Private investors
Other managed funds
Insurance companies
Sovereign wealth
Employees
Custodians
American depository receipts
Exchange-traded fund
Investment trust
Local authority
Hedge fund
Stock brokers
University
Charity
Remainder

Total

p 326

NOTICE OF ANNUAL GENERAL 
MEETING

Exxaro Resources Limited
(Incorporated in the Republic of South Africa)
Registration number 2000/011076/06
JSE share code: EXX
ISIN: ZAE000084992
ADR code: EXXAY
(Exxaro or the company)

Notice is hereby given that the 12th annual general meeting of shareholders of Exxaro 
will be held at the Exxaro Corporate Centre, Roger Dyason Road, Pretoria West, South 
Africa, at 10:00 on Friday, 24 May 2013 to consider, and if deemed fit, pass with or 
without modification, the following resolutions as set out in this notice.

The board of directors of the company has determined, in accordance with section 59 
of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, as amended (Companies Act), that the record 
date for shareholders to receive the notice of annual general meeting (the posting 
record date) is Friday, 12 April 2013 and the record date for shareholders to be 
recorded as such in the shareholders’ register, maintained by the transfer secretaries 
of the company, to be able to attend, participate in and vote at the annual general 
meeting (the voting record date) is Friday, 17 May 2013. Therefore the last day to trade 
in the company’s shares on the JSE to be recorded in the share register on the voting 
record date is Friday, 10 May 2013.

1  Presentation of audited annual financial statements

The annual financial statements of the company and the consolidated group, 
including the reports of the directors, group audit committee and independent 
auditors for the year ended 31 December 2012 will be presented to shareholders 
as required in terms of section 30(3)(d) of the Companies Act.

2  Presentation of group social and ethics committee report

A report of the members of the group social and ethics committee for the year 
ended 31 December 2012 will be presented to shareholders as required in terms 
of regulation 43 of the Companies Regulations, 2011.

3  Ordinary resolution number 1: election of directors

To elect by separate resolutions the following directors: Messrs JJ Geldenhuys, 
NB Mbazima, VZ Mntambo and Dr MF Randera. Brief résumés for these directors 
appear on page 343 of this report.

The board of directors has assessed the performance of the directors standing 
for re-election and has found them suitable for reappointment.

Mr NB Mbazima and Dr MF Randera, having been appointed since the last annual 
general meeting of the company, are, in accordance with the provisions of 
clause 6.2(2) of the company’s memorandum of incorporation, obliged to retire 
at this annual general meeting and, being eligible, offer themselves for re-election.

Ordinary resolution number 1.1
“RESOLVED that Mr NB Mbazima be and is hereby re-elected as a director of the 
company with effect from 24 May 2013.”

Ordinary resolution number 1.2
“RESOLVED that Dr MF Randera be and is hereby re-elected as a director of the 
company with effect from 24 May 2013.”

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 327

Messrs JJ Geldenhuys and VZ Mntambo are obliged to retire by rotation at this 
annual general meeting in accordance with the provisions of clause 6.2(1) of the 
company’s memorandum of incorporation. Having so retired and being eligible, 
they offer themselves for re-election.

Ordinary resolution number 1.3
“RESOLVED that Mr JJ Geldenhuys be and is hereby re-elected as a director of 
the company with effect from 24 May 2013.”

Ordinary resolution number 1.4
“RESOLVED that Mr VZ Mntambo be and is hereby re-elected as a director of the 
company with effect from 24 May 2013.”

For the above resolutions to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 
50% +1 of all votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

4  Ordinary resolution number 2: election of group audit 

committee members
To elect by separate resolutions a group audit committee comprising independent, 
non-executive directors, as provided in section 94(4) of the Companies Act and 
appointed in terms of section 94(2) of the Companies Act to hold office until the 
next annual general meeting to perform the duties and responsibilities stipulated 
in section 94(7) of the Companies Act and the King III Report on Governance for 
South Africa 2009 and to perform such other duties and responsibilities as may 
from time to time be delegated by the board of directors for the company and all 
subsidiary companies.

The board of directors has assessed the performance of the group audit 
committee members standing for re-election and has found them suitable 
for reappointment. Brief résumés for these directors appear on page 208 of 
this report.

Ordinary resolution number 2.1
“RESOLVED that Mr JJ Geldenhuys be and is hereby re-elected as a member 
of the group audit committee with effect from 24 May 2013.”

Ordinary resolution number 2.2
“RESOLVED that Mr RP Mohring be and is hereby re-elected as a member of the 
group audit committee with effect from 24 May 2013.”

Ordinary resolution number 2.3
“RESOLVED that Mr J van Rooyen be and is hereby re-elected as a member and 
chairman of the group audit committee with effect from 24 May 2013.”

For the above resolutions to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 
50% +1 of all votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

5  Ordinary resolution number 3: election of group social and 

ethics committee members
To elect by separate resolutions a group social and ethics committee, as provided 
in section 72(4) of the Companies Act and regulation 43 of the Companies 
Regulations, 2011 (Regulations), appointed in terms of regulation 43(2) of the 
Regulations to hold office until the next annual general meeting and to perform 
the duties and responsibilities stipulated in regulation 43(5) of the Regulations 
and to perform such other duties and responsibilities as may from time to time be 
delegated by the board of directors for the company and all subsidiary companies.

p 328

NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL  
GENERAL MEETING

The board of directors has assessed the performance of the group social and 
ethics committee members standing for re-election and has found them suitable 
for reappointment. Brief résumés for these directors appear on page 208 of 
this report.

Ordinary resolution number 3.1
“RESOLVED that Mr JJ Geldenhuys be and is hereby re-elected as a member 
of the group social and ethics committee with effect from 24 May 2013.”

Ordinary resolution number 3.2

“RESOLVED that Mr RP Mohring be and is hereby re-elected as a member of the 
group social and ethics committee with effect from 24 May 2013.”

Ordinary resolution number 3.3
“RESOLVED that Dr MF Randera be and is hereby re-elected as a member of the 
group social and ethics committee with effect from 24 May 2013.”

For the above resolutions to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 
50% +1 of all votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

6  Ordinary resolution number 4: approval of the remuneration 

policy
“RESOLVED, through a non-binding advisory vote, that the company’s 
remuneration policy and its implementation for the year ended 31 December 2012, 
as set out in the remuneration report on page 110, be and is hereby approved.”

This ordinary resolution is of an advisory nature only and although the board 
will take the outcome of the vote into consideration when determining the 
remuneration policy, failure to pass this resolution will not legally preclude 
the company from implementing the remuneration policy as contained in the 
integrated report.

7  Ordinary resolution number 5: reappointment of independent 

external auditors
As set out in the group audit committee report on page 251, the group audit 
committee has assessed PricewaterhouseCoopers Incorporated’s performance, 
independence and suitability and has nominated them for reappointment as 
independent external auditors of the group, to hold office until the next annual 
general meeting.

“RESOLVED that PricewaterhouseCoopers Incorporated, with the designated 
audit partner being Mr TD Shango, be and is hereby reappointed as independent 
external auditors of the group for the ensuing year.”

For this resolution to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 50% +1 
of all votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

8  Ordinary resolution number 6: control of authorised but 

unissued shares
“RESOLVED that the authorised but unissued shares in the capital of the company 
be and are hereby placed under the control and authority of the directors and 
that they be and are hereby authorised to allot, issue and otherwise dispose of 
such shares to such person or persons on such terms and conditions and at such 
times as they may from time to time and at their discretion deem fit, subject to 
the provisions of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, as amended, clause 3.1(3) 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 329

of the memorandum of incorporation of the company and the JSE Listings 
Requirements. The number of shares issued in terms of this authority will not 
in the aggregate in the current financial year exceed 5% (five percent) of the 
company’s issued share capital of ordinary shares. The issuing of shares granted 
under this authority will be at their discretion until the next annual general 
meeting of the company, after setting aside as many shares as may be required, 
to be allotted and issued by the company pursuant to the company’s approved 
employee share incentive schemes.”

At present, the directors have no specific intention to use this authority, other 
than for issues pursuant to the company’s approved employee share incentive 
schemes and will thus only be used if circumstances are appropriate.

For this resolution to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 50% +1 
of all votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

9  Ordinary resolution number 7: general authority to issue 

shares for cash

“RESOLVED that the directors of the company be and are hereby authorised, 
by way of a general authority, to issue the authorised but unissued shares in 
the capital of the company (and/or any options/convertible securities that are 
convertible into ordinary shares) for cash, as and when they in their discretion 
deem fit, subject to clause 3.1(3) of the memorandum of incorporation of the 
company, the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, as amended, and the JSE Listings 
Requirements, when applicable and with the following limitations, namely that:
•  the equity securities which are the subject of the issue for cash must be of a 
class already in issue, or where this is not the case, must be limited to such 
securities or rights that are convertible into a class already in issue;
•  any such issue will only be made to ‘public shareholders’ as defined in 

the JSE Listings Requirements and not to related parties, unless the JSE 
otherwise agrees;

•  the number of shares issued for cash will not in the aggregate in the current 

financial year exceed 5% (five percent) of the company’s issued share capital 
of ordinary shares (for purposes of determining securities comprising the 5% 
(five percent) number in any one year, account must be taken of the dilution 
effect, in the year of options/convertible securities, by including the number of 
any equity securities which may be issued in future arising out of the issue of 
such options/convertible securities). The number of ordinary shares which may 
be issued will be based on the number of ordinary shares in issue at the date 
of such application less any ordinary shares issued during the current financial 
year (or to be issued arising from options or convertible securities issued), 
provided that any ordinary shares to be issued pursuant to a rights issue 
(announced, irrevocable and underwritten) or acquisition (which has had final 
terms announced) may be included as though they were shares in issue at the 
date of application;

•  this authority is valid until the company’s next annual general meeting, 

provided that it shall not extend beyond 15 (fifteen) months from the date that 
this authority is given;

•  a paid press announcement giving full details, including the impact on net 
asset value and earnings per share, will be published at the time of any 
issue representing, on a cumulative basis within 1 (one) financial year, 5% 
(five percent) or more of the number of shares in issue prior to the issue; and

p 330

NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL  
GENERAL MEETING

•  the maximum discount permitted at which equity securities may be issued is 
10% (ten percent) of the weighted average traded price on the JSE of those 
shares over the 30 (thirty) business days prior to the date that the price of 
the issue is agreed between the company and the party subscribing for the 
securities.”

At present, the directors have no specific intention to use this authority, other 
than for issues pursuant to the company’s approved employee share incentive 
schemes and will thus only be used if circumstances are appropriate.

This ordinary resolution is required, under the JSE Listings Requirements, to be 
passed by achieving a 75% majority of the votes cast in favour by all shareholders 
present or represented by proxy and entitled to vote, at the annual general 
meeting.

10  Ordinary resolution number 8: authorise directors and/or 

group company secretary
“RESOLVED that any one director and/or group company secretary of the 
company or equivalent be and are hereby authorised to do all such things and sign 
all such documents deemed necessary to implement the resolutions set out in the 
notice convening the annual general meeting at which these resolutions will be 
considered.”

For this resolution to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 50% +1 
of all votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

11  Special resolution number 1: non-executive directors’ fees
Approval in terms of section 66 of the Companies Act is required to authorise 
the company to remunerate non-executive directors for services as directors. 
Furthermore, in terms of King III and as read with the JSE Listings Requirements, 
remuneration payable to non-executive directors should be approved by 
shareholders in advance or within the previous two years.

“RESOLVED as a special resolution in terms of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, 
as amended, that the remuneration of non-executive directors for the period 
1 January 2013* until the next annual general meeting, be and is hereby approved 
on the basis set out as follows:

Chairman of the board
Members of the board
Audit committee chairman
Audit committee members
Other board committees chairman
Other board committees members
Social and ethics committee chairman
Social and ethics committee member
Ad hoc meeting fees
Board meeting
Committee meeting

Current
R

900 000
234 502
216 642
114 425
167 828
80 084
83 914
40 042

10 850
8 140

Proposed
R

1 062 000
250 917
231 807
122 435
179 576
85 690
89 788
42 845

11 610
8 710

* 

If the proposed resolution is approved, directors will receive back pay based on the increased fee with 
effect from 1 January 2013

The proposed directors’ fees equate to a 7% increase. The chairman’s proposed fee reflects a larger 
percentage increase than the directors at 18%. The higher proposed increase is based on his 
performance, level of involvement and participation in strategic matters, including large corporate 
transactions, support and guidance provided to management, his attendance of board committees as 
invitee (without receiving member fees), as well as benchmarking of his fees against comparable peers. 
Post the proposed increase, the chairman’s fee will equate to 70% of the comparable market average, 
whereas the directors’ fee will equate to 90% of the same average. 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 331

For this resolution to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 75% of all 
votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

12  Special resolution number 2: general authority to 

repurchase shares
“RESOLVED as a special resolution in terms of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, 
as amended, (Companies Act) that, subject to compliance with the JSE Listings 
Requirements, the Companies Act, and clause 3.1(12) of the memorandum of 
incorporation of the company, the directors be and are hereby authorised at their 
discretion to instruct that the company or subsidiaries of the company acquire or 
repurchase ordinary shares issued by the company, provided that:
•  the number of ordinary shares acquired in any one financial year will not exceed 

5% (five percent) of the ordinary shares in issue at the date on which this 
resolution is passed;

•  this must be effected through the order book operated by the JSE trading 

system and done without any prior understanding or arrangement between the 
company and the counterparty;

•  this authority will lapse on the earlier of the date of the next annual general 
meeting of the company or 15 (fifteen) months after the date on which this 
resolution is passed; and

•  the price paid per ordinary share may not be greater than 10% (ten percent) 

above the weighted average of the market value of the ordinary shares for the 
5 (five) business days immediately preceding the date on which a purchase 
is made.”

The reason for and effect of this special resolution is to authorise the directors, 
if they deem it appropriate in the interests of the company, to instruct that 
the company or subsidiaries of the company acquire or repurchase ordinary 
shares issued by the company subject to the restrictions contained in the above 
resolution.

At present, the directors have no specific intention to use this authority which will 
only be used if circumstances are appropriate. The directors undertake that they 
will not implement the repurchase as contemplated in this special resolution while 
this general authority is valid, unless:
•  after such repurchases the company passes the solvency and liquidity test 
as contained in section 4 of the Companies Act and that from the time the 
solvency and liquidity test is done, there will be no material changes to the 
financial position of the group;

•  the consolidated assets of the company and the group, fairly valued in 

accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and in accordance 
with the accounting policies used in the company and the group annual financial 
statements for the year ended 31 December 2012, will be in excess of the 
consolidated liabilities of the company and the group immediately following 
such purchase or 12 months after the date of the notice of annual general 
meeting, whichever is the later;

•  the company and the group will be able to pay their debts as they become due 
in the ordinary course of business for a period of 12 months after the date of 
the notice of the annual general meeting or a period of 12 months after the date 
on which the board considers that the purchase will satisfy the immediately 
preceding requirement and this requirement, whichever is the later;

p 332

NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL  
GENERAL MEETING

•  the issued share capital and reserves of the company and the group will be 

adequate for the purposes of the business of the company and the group for 
a period of 12 months after the date of the notice of the annual general meeting 
of the company;

•  the company and the group will have adequate working capital for ordinary 
business purposes for a period of 12 months after the date of this notice;
•  a resolution is passed by the board of directors that it has authorised the 

repurchase, that the company and its subsidiaries have passed the solvency 
and liquidity test and that, since the test was performed, there have been 
no material changes to the financial position of the group;

•  the requirements contained in schedule 25 of the JSE Listings Requirements 

are complied with;

•  the company or its subsidiaries will not repurchase securities during 
a prohibited period as defined in paragraph 3.67 of the JSE Listings 
Requirements unless the company has a repurchase programme in place 
where the dates and quantities of securities to be traded during the relevant 
prohibited period are fixed (not subject to any variation) and full details of the 
programme have been disclosed in an announcement released on SENS prior 
to the commencement of the prohibited period;

•  when the company or its subsidiaries have cumulatively repurchased 3% 

(three percent) of the initial number of the relevant class of securities, and 
for each 3% (three percent) in aggregate of the initial number of that class 
acquired thereafter, an announcement will be made;

•  the company at any time only appoints one agent to effect any repurchase(s) 

on its behalf; and

•  the company undertakes that it will not enter the market to repurchase its own 
securities until the company’s sponsor has provided written confirmation to the 
JSE in accordance with schedule 25 of the JSE Listings Requirements.

For this resolution to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 75% of all 
votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

13  Special resolution number 3: financial assistance for 

subscription of securities
“RESOLVED as a special resolution in terms of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, 
as amended, (Companies Act), that the provision by the company of any direct or 
indirect financial assistance as contemplated in section 44 of the Companies Act 
to any 1 (one) or more related or inter-related companies of the company for the 
purpose of, or in connection with, the subscription of any option, or any securities, 
issued or to be issued by the company or a related or inter-related company, or 
for the purchase of any securities of the company or a related or inter-related 
company, be and is hereby approved, provided that:

1. 

(i)    the specific recipient/s of such financial assistance;
(ii)   the form, nature and extent of such financial assistance;
(iii)   the terms and conditions under which such financial assistance is 

provided, are determined by the board of directors of the company from 
time to time; 

2. 

the board has satisfied the requirements of section 44 of the Companies Act 
in relation to the provision of any financial assistance; 

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 333

3.  such financial assistance to a recipient is in the opinion of the board of 

directors of the company, required for a purpose, which in the opinion of the 
board of directors of the company, is directly or indirectly in the interest of 
the company; and

4. 

the authority granted in terms of this special resolution will remain valid for 
2 (two) years or until the next annual general meeting.”

For this resolution to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 75% of all 
votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

14  Special resolution number 4: financial assistance to a related 

or inter-related company or companies
“RESOLVED as a special resolution in terms of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, 
as amended, (Companies Act), that the provision by the company of any direct or 
indirect financial assistance as contemplated in section 45 of the Companies Act 
to any 1 (one) or more related or inter-related companies of the company, be and 
is hereby approved, provided that:

1. 

(i)    the specific recipient/s of such financial assistance;
(ii)   the form, nature and extent of such financial assistance;
(iii)   the terms and conditions under which such financial assistance is 

provided, are determined by the board of directors of the company from 
time to time; 

2. 

the board has satisfied the requirements of section 45 of the Companies Act 
in relation to the provision of any financial assistance; 

3.  such financial assistance to a recipient is in the opinion of the board of 

directors of the company, required for a purpose which, in the opinion of 
the board of directors of the company, is directly or indirectly in the interest 
of the company; and

4. 

the authority granted in terms of this special resolution will remain valid for 
2 (two) years or until the next annual general meeting.”

For this resolution to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 75% of all 
votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

15  Special resolution number 5: amendments to the 

memorandum of incorporation
Resulting from changes to schedule 10 of the JSE Listings Requirements relating 
to requirements for listed companies’ memorandums of incorporation, as well as 
other minor changes to be made, the company wishes to amend the memorandum 
of incorporation slightly as approved at the general meeting held on 22 May 2012.

“RESOLVED as a special resolution in terms of the Companies Act No. 71 of 2008, 
as amended, that the following amendments to the company’s memorandum of 
incorporation be and are hereby approved:
•  deletion of clause 5.5(4);
•  deletion of clause 5.11(4)(b) and subsequent renumbering of remaining 

subsections; and

•  deletion of clause 6.2(3).”

p 334

NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL  
GENERAL MEETING

Clause 5.5(4): Deletion of section 10.6(h) from the JSE Listings Requirements has resulted 
in this clause no longer being required:

“(4) In addition to clause 5.5(1) to (3):

(a) 

the Company may deliver a notice to Shareholders inviting written nominations 

for Directors prior to any meeting at which an election of Directors is to occur 

(Nomination Notice);

(b) 

the minimum number of days for the Company to deliver a Nomination Notice to 

Shareholders is 30 days before the date on which the notice of such meeting is delivered 

to Shareholders in terms of clause 5.5(1) (or such lesser period as the Directors may 

determine in relation to any particular meeting); and

(c) 

the written nominations by Shareholders must be delivered to the Company at its 

registered address or any branch office located in the Republic not less than 15 days after 

the Nomination Notice is delivered (or such lesser period as the Directors may determine 

in relation to any particular meeting) or the nomination shall not be treated as valid.”

Clause 5.11(4)(b): Deletion of section 10.11(g) from the JSE Listings Requirements has resulted 
in this clause no longer being required:

“(b)   declaration or sanctioning of dividends.”

Clause 6.2(3): Although the company fully subscribes to the principles contained in the 
King III Report and therefore will take the recommendation, that directors having served on 

the board for nine years should be subject to a particularly rigorous review by the board, into 

consideration, the board does not regard it necessary to entrench the requirement of forced 

retirement after nine years into the memorandum of incorporation.

Until November 2016 very specific requirements in respect of the board composition and 

nomination prevail in order to protect the company’s initial founding shareholders’ black 

empowerment credentials, as well as the company’s black empowerment status. A large portion 

of the directors have been involved since the company’s inception and it would not be in the 

company’s best interests, especially in respect of continuity and corporate knowledge, to 

force this group of directors to simultaneously retire in 2015 when the restrictive directorate 

requirements would terminate in 2016.

“(c)  Retiring Directors are eligible for re-election, provided that any Director who on previous 
occasion has been re-elected and as a result has held office for three consecutive periods 
of three years, is not eligible for re-election before the expiry of at least three years from 
the expiry of the last three-year period of holding office.”

For this resolution to be passed, votes in favour must represent at least 75% of all 
votes cast and/or exercised at the meeting.

16  To transact such other business as may be transacted at an 

annual general meeting

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 335

Disclosure required in terms of the JSE listings requirements
The following information is provided in accordance with paragraph 11.26 of the 
JSE Listings Requirements and relates to special resolution number 2.

Litigation statement
Other than disclosed or accounted for in the annual financial statements, the 
directors of the company, whose names appear on page 210 of the integrated 
report, are not aware of any legal or arbitration proceedings, pending or 
threatened against the group, which may have or have had a material effect on 
the group’s financial position in the 12 months preceding the date of this notice 
of annual general meeting.

Directors’ responsibility statement
The directors, whose names are appear on page 210 of the integrated report, 
collectively and individually accept full responsibility for the accuracy of the 
information given in special resolution number 2, and certify that to the best 
of their knowledge and belief there are no facts that have been omitted which 
would make any statements false or misleading and that all reasonable enquiries 
to ascertain such facts have been made and that this resolution and additional 
disclosure in terms of paragraph 11.26 of the JSE Listings Requirements contain 
all information required by law and the JSE Listings Requirements.

Material changes
Other than the facts and developments reported in the annual financial 
statements, there have been no material changes in the affairs, financial or 
trading position of the group since the signature date of the annual report and 
the posting date.

Further disclosure required in terms of the JSE Listings Requirements are set out 
in accordance with the reference pages in the annual financial statements of which 
this notice forms part:
•  directors and management — refer to pages 208 to 213 of the integrated report;
•  major shareholders of the company — refer to page 02 of the integrated report;
•  directors’ interest in the company’s shares — refer page 262 of the integrated 

report; and

•  share capital of the company — refer page 254 of the integrated report.

Identification, voting and proxies
In terms of section 63(1) of the Companies Act, any person attending or 
participating in the annual general meeting must present reasonable satisfactory 
identification and the person presiding at the annual general meeting must 
be reasonably satisfied that the right of any person to participate in and vote 
(whether as shareholder or as proxy for a shareholder) has been reasonably 
verified. Suitable forms of identification will include the presentation of valid 
identity documentation, driver’s licences and passports.

The votes of shares held by share trusts classified as schedule 14 trusts in terms 
of the JSE Listings Requirements will not be taken into account at the annual 
general meeting for approval of any resolution proposed in terms of the JSE 
Listings Requirements.

p 336

NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL  
GENERAL MEETING

A form of proxy is attached for the convenience of any certificated or 
dematerialised Exxaro shareholders with own-name registrations who cannot 
attend the annual general meeting, but who wish to be represented. To be valid, 
completed forms of proxy must be received by the transfer secretaries of the 
company, Computershare Investor Services Proprietary Limited, Ground Floor, 
70 Marshall Street, Johannesburg, 2001 (PO Box 61051, Marshalltown, 2107) by 
no later than 10:00 on Wednesday, 22 May 2013.

All beneficial owners of Exxaro shares who have dematerialised their shares 
through a central securities depository participant (CSDP) or broker, other 
than those with own name registration, and all beneficial owners of shares who 
hold certificated shares through a nominee, must provide their CSDP, broker or 
nominee with their voting instructions, in accordance with the agreement between 
the beneficial owner and the CSDP, broker or nominee as the case may be. 
Should such beneficial owners wish to attend the meeting in person, they must 
request their CSDP, broker or nominee to issue them with the appropriate letter 
of representation.

Exxaro does not accept responsibility and will not be held liable for any failure 
on the part of a CSDP or broker to notify such Exxaro shareholder of the annual 
general meeting.

Electronic participation by shareholders
Should any shareholder (or representative or proxy for a shareholder) wish to 
participate in the annual general meeting by way of electronic participation, that 
shareholder should apply in writing (including details on how the shareholder 
or representative (including proxy) can be contacted) to so participate, to the 
transfer secretaries, at their address above, to be received by the transfer 
secretaries at least seven business days prior to the annual general meeting 
(thus Tuesday, 15 May 2013) for the transfer secretaries to arrange for the 
shareholder (or representative or proxy) to provide reasonably satisfactory 
identification to the transfer secretaries for the purposes of section 63(1) of the 
Companies Act and for the transfer secretaries to provide the shareholder (or 
representative or proxy) with details on how to access the annual general meeting 
by means of electronic participation. The company reserves the right not to 
provide for electronic participation at the annual general meeting in the event 
that it determines that it is not practical to do so, or an insufficient number of 
shareholders (or their representatives or proxies) request to so participate.

By order of the board

CH Wessels
Group company secretary

Pretoria

22 April 2013

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 337

Short biographies of directors seeking re-election

Mr JJ Geldenhuys — Jurie (70)
BSc (Eng)(Elec), BSc (Eng)(Min), MBA (Stanford), professional engineer

Experience: From 1965 to 1980, Jurie held production and managerial positions on 
the gold, platinum and copper zinc mines of the Anglovaal Group. From 1981 until 
retirement, he served in technical and executive capacities involving gold, base metals, 
coal, ferrous metals and industrial minerals. He retired as managing director of Avgold 
Limited in 2000 and served the group in a consulting capacity until 2002. He has 
served on the boards of Anglovaal Limited, Avmin Limited, Freegold Consolidated 
Mines Limited, Hartebeestfontein Gold Mining Company Limited, Lorraine Gold Mines 
Limited, Eastern Transvaal Gold Mines Limited, Iscor Limited and Sallies Limited. 
He served as the Chamber of Mines’ president (1993 to 1994) and on the chamber’s 
executive council, gold producers’ committee and various other chamber-related 
board committees. He also served on the Atomic Energy Council and National Water 
Advisory Council. He is currently non-executive director and chairman of Astral Foods 
Limited (chairing the human resources and remuneration committee and nomination 
committee).

Dr MF Randera — Fazel (64) 
MRCS, LRCP; DRCOG

Experience: Fazel was appointed as non-executive director of Exxaro Resources 
Limited on 13 June 2012. He served on the board and was a council member of 
the World Medical Association from 1997 to 2000. He participated on the WHO, 
international enquiry into the tobacco industry between 1998 and 1999. He served 
as the chairman of the global initiative on reporting on HIV/Aids during 2004. He 
specialised in medicine and held positions in various hospitals and facilities in the UK 
and South Africa and specialised in a broad range of medical disciplines, including 
occupational health and HIV/Aids. He was appointed as a commissioner of the Truth 
and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) during 1995 to 1998. He is the founding member 
of the Ethics Institute of South Africa and served as the chairman from 1997 to 2000. 
He served on the Human Rights Commission of South Africa from 1997 to 1999. He 
was Chairman of the Private Healthcare Forum from 2004 to 2007. He was appointed 
as a member of the South African Centre for Survivors of Torture from 2006 to 2011. 
He was Inspector General for Intelligence Services from 1999 to 2001; and served 
on a number of Ministerial advisory committees eg, the Empowerment Evaluation 
Committee, the Health Charter committee, the Ministerial Sanitation Task Team, the 
Nomination Committee (Defence Force) and the National Council for Correctional 
Services. He was the Health Advisor at the Chamber of Mines and is the present 
Deputy Chairman of Nehawu Investment Holdings.

p 338

NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL  
GENERAL MEETING

Mr NB Mbazima — Norman (54)
Fellow of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (FCCA), Fellow of the 
Zambia Institute of Chartered Accountants (FZICA)

Experience: Norman joined Kumba Iron Ore as CEO from 1 September 2012. As CEO of 
Thermal Coal since October 2009, he oversaw this business unit’s record operating 
profit in 2011, combined with an improved safety performance. Under his leadership, 
the Zibulo mine in South Africa reached commercial operating levels ahead of 
schedule, and Thermal Coal has actively participated in the pursuit of cleaner coal 
solutions for the world’s energy needs. A chartered accountant by profession, Norman 
began his career with accounting roles at Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines, before 
spending 17 years with Deloitte & Touche, also in Zambia. He has extensive experience 
of the Anglo American Group, having joined in 2001 and been CEO of Scaw Metals, both 
finance director and acting CEO of its platinum business; CFO of Anglo Coal and CFO of 
Konkola Copper mines.

Mr VZ Mntambo — Zwelibanzi (55)
BJuris, LLB (UNW), LLM (Yale)

Experience: Zwelibanzi is executive chairman of Xalam Performance. He was 
previously senior lecturer at the University of Natal, executive director of IMSSA, 
director-general of Gauteng Province and chairman of the Commission for Conciliation, 
Mediation and Arbitration. He is chairman of Metrobus Proprietary Limited and 
Mainstreet 333 Proprietary Limited. He is also a director of SA Tourism Proprietary 
Limited and a trustee of the Paleo-Anthropologial Scientific Trust.

Short biographies of audit committee and social and ethics committee 
members seeking re-election and not included above.

RP Mohring — Rick (66)
BSc (Eng)(Mining), MDP, professional engineer

Experience: From 1972 to 1998, Rick held production, managerial and executive 
positions in the gold and coal divisions of the Rand Mines and Billiton groups. From 
1998 until 2000, he was CEO of NewCoal, a black empowerment initiative set up by 
Anglo Coal and Ingwe Coal Corporation. Eyesizwe Coal, the largest BEE coal company 
in South Africa, was formed in November 2000 through this process. From 2000 until 
2003, Rick was deputy CEO of Eyesizwe Coal, responsible for the operational control 
of mines producing 25Mtpa of coal, new business development, technical services and 
health and safety. After 37 years in the mining industry, Rick retired from Eyesizwe 
Coal in December 2003 and set up a private consulting company, Mohring Mining 
Consulting.

J van Rooyen — Jeff (63)
BCom, BCompt (Hons), CA(SA)

Experience: Jeff is a director of various companies in the Uranus Group, non-executive 
director of MTN Group Limited, Pick ‘n Pay Stores Limited and Pick ‘n Pay Holdings 
Limited. He is chairman of the Financial Reporting Standards Council (FRSC), a former 
trustee of the International Accounting Standards (IFRS) Foundation and member of 
the University of Pretoria’s faculty of economic and management sciences’ oversight 
board. He was a partner in Deloitte & Touche, chairman of the Public Accountants 
and Auditors Board, CEO of the Financial Services Board and advisor to a former 
Minister of Public Enterprises. Jeff is a founder member and former president of the 
Association for the Advancement of Black Accountants of South Africa.

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 339

FORM OF PROXY

EXXARO RESOURCES LIMITED
(Incorporated in the Republic of South Africa)
Registration number 2000/011076/06
JSE share code: EXX
ISIN: ZAE000084992
ADR code: EXXAY
(Exxaro or the company)

To be completed by certificated shareholders and dematerialised shareholders with  
‘own-name’ registration only
For completion by registered shareholders of Exxaro unable to attend the twelfth annual general meeting of shareholders 
of the company to be held at 10:00 on Friday, 24 May 2013, at the Exxaro Corporate Centre, Roger Dyason Road, Pretoria 
West, South Africa or at any adjournment of that meeting.

A shareholder is entitled to appoint one or more proxies (none of whom need to be a shareholder of the company) to attend, 
participate in, speak and vote or abstain from voting in the place of that shareholder at the annual general meeting.

I/We (please print names in full)

of (address) 

being the holder/s of 

1  

2  

 shares in the company, do hereby appoint:

or, failing him/her

or, failing him/her

the chairman of the annual general meeting, as my/our proxy to attend, participate in, speak and, on a poll, vote on my/our 
behalf at the annual general meeting of shareholders to be held at 10:00 on Friday, 24 May 2013 at the Exxaro Corporate 
Centre, Roger Dyason Road, Pretoria West, South Africa or at any adjournment of that meeting, and to vote or abstain from 
voting as follows on the ordinary and special resolutions to be proposed at such meeting:

For

Against

Abstain

Ordinary resolutions

1  Resolution to re-elect directors

1.1  Re-election of Mr NB Mbazima as a director

1.2  Re-election of Dr MF Randera as a director

1.3  Re-election of Mr JJ Geldenhuys as a director

1.4  Re-election of Mr VZ Mntambo as a director 

2  Resolution to re-elect group audit committee members

2.1  Re-election of Mr JJ Geldenhuys as a member of the group 

audit committee 

2.2  Re-election of Mr RP Mohring as a member of the group 

audit committee 

2.3  Re-election of Mr J van Rooyen as a member of the group 

audit committee 

 
For

Against

Abstain

p 340

FORM OF PROXY

3  Resolution to re-elect group social and ethics committee members

3.1   Re-election of Mr JJ Geldenhuys as a member of the group social 

and ethics committee

3.2  Re-election of Mr RP Mohring as a member of the group social and 

ethics committee 

3.3  Re-election of Dr MF Randera as a member of the group social and 

ethics committee 

4  Resolution to approve, through a non-binding advisory vote, the 

company’s remuneration policy 

5  Resolution to reappoint PricewaterhouseCoopers Incorporated as 

independent external auditors

6  Resolution to place authorised but unissued shares under the control 

of the directors 

7  Resolution to authorise directors to issue shares for cash

8  Resolution to authorise directors and/or group company secretary to 
implement the resolutions set out in the notice convening the annual 
general meeting

Special resolutions

1  Special resolution to approve non-executive directors’ fees for 
the period 1 January 2013 to the next annual general meeting

2  Special resolution to authorise directors to repurchase company shares

3  Special resolution to authorise financial assistance for the subscription 

of securities 

4  Special resolution to authorise financial assistance to related or inter-

related companies

5  Special resolution to approve amendments to the memorandum 

of incorporation

Please indicate with an ‘X’ in the appropriate spaces provided above how you wish your vote to be cast. If no indication 
is given, the proxy may vote or abstain as he/she sees fit.

day of  

2013

Signed at this  

Signature

Assisted by me, where applicable (name and signature)

Please read the notes that follow.

NOTES TO THE FORM OF PROXY

EXXARO 
INTEGRATED REPORT 
2012

p 341

Notes to the form of proxy
(which include, inter alia, a summary of the rights established by section 58 of the Companies Act, No. 71 of 2008, 
as amended (Companies Act))

1 

A form of proxy is only to be completed by those ordinary shareholders who are:

1.1  holding ordinary shares in certificated form; or

1.2  recorded on subregister electronic form in ‘own name’.

2 

If you have already dematerialised your ordinary shares through a central securities depository participant (CSDP) 
or broker and wish to attend the annual general meeting, you must request your CSDP or broker to provide you with 
a letter of representation or you must instruct your CSDP or broker to vote by proxy on your behalf in terms of the 
agreement entered into between yourself and your CSDP or broker.

3  A shareholder may insert the name of a proxy or the names of two or more persons as alternative or concurrent 

proxies in the space. The person whose name stands first on the form of proxy and who is present at the annual general 
meeting of shareholders will be entitled to act to the exclusion of those whose names follow. A proxy may not delegate 
his/her authority to act on behalf of the shareholder to another person.

4  A proxy is entitled to exercise, or abstain from exercising, any voting right of the shareholder without direction, except 

to the extent that the instrument appointing the proxy provides otherwise.

5  On a show of hands, a shareholder of the company present in person or by proxy will have one vote, irrespective of the 

number of shares he/she holds or represents, provided that a proxy shall, irrespective of the number of shareholders 
he/she represents, have only one vote. On a poll, a shareholder who is present in person or represented by proxy will 
be entitled to that proportion of the total votes in the company which the aggregate amount of the nominal value of 
shares held by him/her bears to the aggregate amount of the nominal value of all shares issued by the company.

6  A shareholder’s instructions to the proxy must be indicated by inserting the relevant numbers of votes exercisable 

by the shareholder in the box provided. Failure to comply with this will be deemed to authorise the proxy to vote or to 
abstain from voting at the annual general meeting as he/she deems fit in respect of all the shareholder’s exercisable 
votes. A shareholder or the proxy is not obliged to use all the votes exercisable by the shareholder or by the proxy, 
but the total of the votes cast and in respect of which abstention is recorded may not exceed the total of the votes 
exercisable by the shareholder or by the proxy.

7 

The proxy appointment is:
•  suspended at any time and to the extent that the shareholder chooses to act directly and in person in exercising any 

rights as a shareholder; and

•  revocable unless the proxy appointment expressly states otherwise, and if the appointment is revocable, 

a shareholder may revoke the proxy appointment by:
—  cancelling it in writing, or making a later inconsistent appointment of a proxy; and
—  delivering a copy of the revocation instrument to the proxy, and to the transfer secretaries of the company.

8  The revocation of a proxy appointment constitutes a complete and final cancellation of the proxy’s authority to act on 

behalf of the shareholder as of the later of:
•  the date stated in the revocation instrument, if any; or
•  the date on which the revocation instrument was delivered.

9 

If the instrument appointing a proxy or proxies has been delivered, as long as that appointment remains in effect, 
any notice that is required by the Companies Act or the company’s memorandum of incorporation to be delivered 
by the company to the shareholder must be delivered to:
•  the shareholder; or
•  the proxy or proxies, if the shareholder has directed the company to do so, in writing, and paid any reasonable fee 

charged by the company for doing so.

p 342

NOTES TO THE FORM OF PROXY

10  The proxy appointment remains valid only until the end of the annual general meeting or any adjournment of the 

meeting, unless it is revoked in accordance with paragraph 7 above prior to the meeting.

11 

Forms of proxy must be lodged at or posted to Computershare Investor Services Proprietary Limited, to be received 
not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for the meeting (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays), thus 
by 10:00 on 22 May 2013.

For shareholders on the South African register
Computershare Investor Services Proprietary Limited
Ground Floor
70 Marshall Street
Johannesburg
2001
(PO Box 61051, Marshalltown, 2107)
www.computershare.com

Tel: +27 11 370 5000

Over-the-counter American depositary receipt (ADR) holders
Exxaro has an ADR facility with The Bank of New York (BoNY) under a deposit agreement. ADR holders may instruct 
BoNY how the shares represented by their ADRs should be voted.

American Depositary Receipt Facility (ADR)
Bank of New York
101 Barclay Street
New York
NY 10286
www.adrbny.com
shareowners@bankofny.com

Tel: +(00-1) 888 815 5133

12  Completing and lodging this form of proxy will not preclude the relevant shareholder from attending the annual general 

meeting and speaking and voting in person to the exclusion of any appointed proxy.

13  Documentary evidence establishing the authority of a person signing this form of proxy in a representative capacity 
or other legal capacity must be attached to this form of proxy, unless previously recorded by the transfer secretaries 
or waived by the chairman of the annual general meeting.

14  Any alteration or correction made to this form of proxy must be initialled by the signatory/ies.

15  Notwithstanding the aforegoing, the chairman of the annual general meeting may, if deemed reasonable, waive any 

formalities that would otherwise be a prerequisite for a valid proxy.

16 

If any shares are jointly held, all joint shareholders must sign this form of proxy. If more than one of those shareholders 
are present at the annual general meeting, either in person or by proxy, the person whose name first appears in the 
register will be entitled to vote.

ADMINISTRATION

Group company secretary and registered office
CH Wessels
Exxaro Resources Limited
Roger Dyason Road
Pretoria West, 0183
(PO Box 9229, Pretoria, 0001)
South Africa
Telephone +27 12 307 5000

Company registration number: 2000/011076/06
JSE share code: EXX
ISIN code: ZAE000084992

Auditors
PricewaterhouseCoopers Incorporated
2 Eglin Road
Sunninghill, 2157

Commercial Bankers
Absa Bank Limited

Corporate Law advisers
CLS Consulting Services Proprietary Limited

United States ADR Depository
The Bank of New York
101 Barclay Street
New York NY 10286
United States of America

Sponsor
Deutsche Securities (SA) Propriety 
Limited
3 Exchange Square
87 Maude Street
Sandton, 2196

Registrars
Computershare Investor Services
Proprietary Limited 
Ground floor, 70 Marshall Street
Johannesburg
2001
(PO Box 61051, Marshalltown, 2107)

SHAREHOLDERS’ DIARY

Financial year-end
Annual general meeting
Reports and accounts

Announcement of annual results
Annual report
Interim report for the half-year ending 30 June

Distribution
Final dividend declaration
Payment
Interim dividend declaration
Payment

31 December

May

Published

March
April
August

March
April
August
September/October