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Gear4music

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FY2020 Annual Report · Gear4music
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Gear4music (Holdings) plc
Annual report and accounts 2020

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Group delivered on its 
2020 priority of returning to 
profit, reflecting significant 
commercial and operational 
progress: 

  Gross margins improved  
by 310bps by focusing 
investment into higher  
margin stock, strengthened 
own-brand product ranges, 
and redirected marketing 
investment into higher  
margin products.

  Operational investment 

ensured a robust infrastructure 
was in place ahead of the 
peak trading period, with 
capacity headroom available 
for further strong growth. 
  Over £7.5m cash at the year 

end will support a refocus on 
growth orientated projects 
and delivering further 
commercial improvements 
during the next financial year.

HIGHLIGHTS

REVENUE* £m

£120.3m

+2% 

2020

2019

2018

EBITDA** £m

£7.8m

+239%

2020

2019

2018

GROSS MARGIN %

25.9%

+310bps  

120.3

2020

118.2

2019

80.1

2018

CASH AT YEAR END £m

£7.8m

+47%

7.8

2020

2.3

2019

3.5

2018

WEBSITE VISITORS m

CONVERSION RATE %

28.4

+5%

2020

2019

2018

3.29%

-11bps

28.4

2020

27.1

2019

16.9

2018

25.9

22.8

25.4

7.8

5.3

3.5

3.29

3.40

3.25

Unless stated, 2019 comparative information is on a 13 months basis following a change in the accounting reference date 
to 31 March, and as such may not be directly comparable.
* 

2020 revenue is the 12m period to 31 March 2020; 2019 comparative revenue in the 12m period to 28 February 2019 
was £109.9m as previously disclosed.

**  2020 profit figures stated on an IFRS 16 basis, includes £1.4m of property rents no longer included in operating costs.

Our purpose, Who we are 
At a glance 
Chairman’s statement 
Investment case 
Understanding our markets 

Strategic Report
IFC  Highlights 
1 
2 
4 
6 
8 
10  Chief Executive’s review 
14 
16 
18 
22  Key performance indicators 
24 
28  People and culture 
Sustainability 
30 
32  Risk and uncertainties 
36  Viability and S172 statement 

Business model 
Strategy and progress 
Strategy in action 

Financial review 

Corporate Governance
38  Corporate governance report 
42  Board of Directors 
44  Directors’ report
46 

 Statement of Directors’ 
responsibilities in respect  
of the Annual Report and  
the financial statements 

Financial Statements
47 
52 

Independent auditor’s report 
 Consolidated statement of  
profitand loss and other 
comprehensive income
 Consolidated statement of 
financial position
 Consolidated statement 
of changes in equity
 Consolidated statement of 
cash flows
 Notes (forming part of the 
financial statements)
 Company balance sheet
 Company statement of changes 
in equity
 Notes to the Company financial 
statements (forming part of the 
financial statements)

53 

54 

55 

56 

80 
81 

82 

FOR MORE ABOUT GEAR4MUSIC GO TO:
WWW.GEAR4MUSICPLC.COM

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Leveraging a market-leading bespoke 
e-commerce technology platform, a wide 
range of products including a unique own-
brand offering, and a low-cost European 
logistics infrastructure, our objective is to 
deliver value to customers and shareholders 
through long-term profitable growth.

Operating in a £4.9bn European market, 
Gear4music is the UK’s largest retailer of 
musical instruments and music equipment, 
having grown revenues from £24m in  
2015 to £120m in 2020.

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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
AT A GLANCE

OUR
PRODUCT  
RANGE IS  
HITTING  
ALL THE  
RIGHT  
NOTES

Gear4music is an e-commerce 
retailer selling over 54,200 SKUs 
across all major categories of 
musical instruments and music 
equipment. Products are sourced 
from over 880 manufacturers,  
and range from kazoos costing  
less than £1, to digital pianos,  
drum kits and guitars costing 
thousands of pounds.

OUR NUMBERS

NUMBER OF ACTIVE CUSTOMERS

807,000

+11%

SKUs LISTED

54,200

+5%

NUMBER OF WEBSITES

20

NUMBER OF LANGUAGES

15

NUMBER OF CURRENCIES

9

REVENUE BY GEOGRAPHY

PRODUCT SPLIT

£58.5m

£61.8m

£79.4m

£35.4m

£54.5m

£63.7m

£82.1m

£31.3m

2020

UK
Europe 
and ROTW

2019 (13m) 
UK
Europe 
and ROTW

2020

Own brand
Other brand

2019 (13m)

Own brand
Other brand

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02

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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LEADING BRANDS

OTHER BRANDS

OWN BRANDS

OUR PRODUCT RANGE

GUITARS
Electric, acoustic and  
bass guitars, and related  
accessories

27%

of product sales

KEYS
Acoustic and digital  
pianos, keyboards  
and synthesisers

22%

of product sales

LIVE AND PA
PA equipment, speakers,  
stands and microphones

19%

of product sales

STUDIO
Mixers, headphones, microphones, 
monitors and interfaces

13%

of product sales

DRUMS
Electric and acoustic, and  
other percussion instruments

11%

of product sales

ORCHESTRAL
Strings, brass,  
woodwind  
and accessories

7%

of product sales

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03

Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT

A BUSINESS 
FOR 
MUSICIANS 
RUN BY 
MUSICIANS

The business has bounced 
back strongly from what was  
a challenging year in FY19.  
The Directors have delivered 
on the strategies they outlined 
to improve gross margins, 
manage costs, and increase 
operational capacity.

KEN FORD
CHAIRMAN

I am delighted to report that the business 
has bounced back strongly from what 
was a challenging year in FY19. The 
Directors have delivered on the strategies 
they outlined to improve gross margins, 
manage costs, and increase operational 
capacity ahead of the FY20 peak period, 
and the results reported today bear 
testament to success on each front.

As a leading specialist e-commerce 
retailer operating in a fragmented niche 
market, Gear4music has a track record 
of delivering revenue growth, and the 
opportunities undoubtedly remain 
significant. The focus, however, in FY20 
was on improving gross margin, profits 
and restoring stakeholder confidence, 
and this has been achieved with a £5.5m 
increase in EBITDA to £7.8m and a £3.7m 
increase in pre-tax profits. Alongside its 
increased cash position at the period 
end, the Group’s banking facilities have 
been renegotiated, providing a significant 
increase in working capital headroom to 
support further growth of the business.

Gear4music listed on AIM in 2015 
with annual revenues of £24m and 
today, five years later, report revenues 
in excess of £120m. This has been 
achieved through a strategy founded 
on best-in-class customer service, 
e-commerce excellence, international 
expansion, and supply chain evolution. 

These results reflect significant effort on 
the part of the Executive and Senior 
Management team, and would not be 
possible without the hard work, passion 
and dedication of all our colleagues 
across the business.

COVID-19
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, our 
priority has been to safeguard the 
health and safety of all employees. We 
took all the necessary and reasonable 
precautions to keep our staff safe, which 
included facilitating remote working and 
implementing extensive measures in our 
warehouses to enable social distancing, 
whilst ensuring our operations could 
continue with minimal impact. 

I am pleased to report there has 
been very little disruption to order 
processing and fulfilment throughout 
the lockdown period, and the 
exceptionally high customer demand 
has been managed effectively.

I would like to thank all employees for 
swiftly adapting to this different working 
environment, which has allowed us to 
continue processing orders and 
successfully serve our customers. 

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04

 
 
 
 
 
 
OUR VALUES, 
PEOPLE AND 
CULTURE

We know that the foundations of a 
successful business are built on the 
hard work of a team of talented and 
motivated individuals. 

We strongly believe in growing our 
talent by recruiting only the best 
people, identifying individual 
strengths, and providing development 
opportunities with the scope for 
career progression as a result.
Our diverse workforce is the best  
part of Gear4music: different  
cultures, knowledge and skills  
makes it a fantastic place to work,  
and many of our employees are 
musicians in their spare time.

SEE PEOPLE AND CULTURE  
ON PAGE 28

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
It is the Board’s responsibility to ensure 
that the Group has a corporate 
governance framework that is effective 
whilst dynamic, as a foundation for a 
sustainable growth strategy, and 
identifying, evaluating and managing 
risks and opportunities that will underpin 
long-term value creation.

In 2018 the Group adopted and 
embraced the 2018 QCA Corporate 
Governance Code, and in 2019 refined 
these themes in accordance with 
Section 172(1) of the Companies Act 
2006. Enhanced disclosures are included 
in various sections of this year’s Annual 
Report, and available on the Group’s Plc 
website www.gear4musicplc.com/
investors/overview/.

CURRENT TRADING AND OUTLOOK
The financial performance and trading 
momentum the business has achieved 
during the year is testament to our 
strategic delivery and the efforts of all 
our staff, and has ensured that the 
business is in a solid position to increase 
its market share further in the UK and 
across Europe. 

COVID-19 has brought significant 
changes to the retail market for musical 
instruments and equipment, with an 
accelerated shift away from physical 
store sales towards online. As a result, 
Gear4music has seen an exceptional and 
sustained increase in demand for its 
products over the first quarter to date. 

Looking ahead, the Directors are 
confident that our customer proposition, 
operational infrastructure and strong 
balance sheet will enable the Group to 
achieve its business objectives during the 
current financial year and beyond, and 
are excited to embark on the next leg of 
our growth journey.

KEN FORD
CHAIRMAN
22 June 2020

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Gear4music has a track 
record of delivering 
growth, and the 
opportunities undoubtedly 
remain significant.

KEN FORD
CHAIRMAN

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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
INVESTMENT CASE

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Gear4music is well positioned to 
capitalise on the opportunities 
available within its markets,  
due to barriers to entry and its 
unique competitive advantages:

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06

 
 
 
 
 
 
KEY STRENGTHS

REASONS

1.   TRACK RECORD OF SUCCESS – 

LONG-TERM REVENUE AND MARKET 
SHARE GROWTH

SEE STRATEGY IN ACTION  
ON PAGE 20

•  Revenues have increased every year since launch in 2003

•  We are the UK’s largest retailer of musical instruments and 

music equipment

•  Strong European growth validates website roll-out strategy

•  Email database of 0.65m registered users, with active  

customers increasing by 11% on a comparable 12-months  
to end of March basis

2.  BESPOKE AND PROPRIETARY 

E-COMMERCE PLATFORM DELIVERS 
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

SEE STRATEGY IN ACTION  
ON PAGE 18

•  End-to-end solution encompassing all aspects of  

trading operations

•  44 in-house software developers providing cost-effective 

development

•  Currently supports 20 websites in 15 languages and  

9 currencies

•  Ability to rapidly respond to changing customer behaviours  

and expectations

•  Capability to expand into new markets

•  Capacity to handle significantly increased volumes and  

website traffic

•  Additional functionality in continuous development

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3.  SPECIALIST KNOWLEDGE 
FACILITATES STRONG 
RELATIONSHIPS WITH  
CUSTOMERS AND SUPPLIERS

4.  WELL-DEVELOPED  
PRODUCT RANGES

5. EFFICIENT LOGISTICS 
  SYSTEMS

SEE STRATEGY IN ACTION  
ON PAGE 20

•  Strong, committed and experienced management team

•  Employees with in-depth specialist knowledge

•  Expertise means Gear4music is trusted by major musical 

instrument and music equipment brands

•  Offers a wide range of choice to customers and provides 

specialist advice during and after the sales process 

•  Over 54,200 products from over 880 brands

•  Reputation for quality and value for money

•  Long-term relationships with the major branded musical 

instrument and music equipment manufacturers

•  A strong own-brand offering developed over 17 years, with a 

reputation for ‘good’ and ‘better’ quality products at affordable 
prices, whilst providing enhanced margin opportunities

•  Over 3,400 own-brand SKUs

•  Enhanced margin opportunities as volumes increase

•  Proven and scalable distribution capabilities

•  Operates from three modern facilities with a combined 

284,000 square feet footprint

•  The most appropriate courier delivery services are automatically 
selected from more than 9,400 permutations depending on the 
weight, size, value and destination of the goods being purchased

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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
UNDERSTANDING OUR MARKETS

SIGNIFICANT 
MARKET 
OPPORTUNITIES 

In 2017 Music Trades estimated 
the global music products markets 
in 2015 to be $15.9bn.

The top ten European retail 
markets for musical instruments 
and music equipment (including 
the UK) are worth approximately 
£4.9bn and are undergoing a 
profound shift towards online retail. 

OUR BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
Gear4music is about making quality 
music gear more accessible and 
affordable for all musicians. Our mission 
is to be the best musical instrument and 
equipment retailer in Europe and we 
believe we can achieve this by leveraging 
technology to deliver an industry-
leading customer experience, providing 
the products our customers want, 
delivered to them quickly and efficiently.

Our specialist market knowledge has 
already helped us to be the largest 
retailer in the UK, and we continue  
to make good progress in Europe.  
A bespoke e-commerce platform allows 
us to efficiently operate 20 websites, 
in 15 languages and 9 currencies, 
and as we develop this platform 
further, widen our product ranges 
and increase our marketing reach 
and brand recognition, we strongly 
believe we can continue to grow our 
share of the £4.9bn European market 
and expand our reach beyond this.

UK
The Board believes that the current 
dynamics of the UK competitive 
landscape, in particular the significant 
degree of fragmentation with no 
large or dominant retailers, presents 
a consolidation opportunity. Whilst 
acquisitions do not form a core part 
of the current strategy, opportunities 
are reviewed on an ad hoc basis.

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EUROPEAN MARKETS WORTH 

£4.9bn

UK MARKET WORTH

£0.9bn

08

 
 
 
 
 
 
TOP EUROPEAN MARKETS

OPERATIONS | LOCATIONS (REVENUES)

Gear4music
York | UK
2020: £120m 
2019: £110m
2018: £80m
+37%

S&T Audio (PMT)
London | UK
2019: £61m
2018: £49m
+22%

Andertons
Guildford | UK
2019: £47m
2018: £36m
+30%

Woodbrass
Paris | France
2019: £46m
2018: £45m
+1%

Estimated 
market size
(£m)*

1,371

991

860

664

232

208

191

163

123

95

4,897

Country

Germany

France

UK

Italy

Netherlands

Austria

Spain

Switzerland

Sweden

Norway

Total size

*  Management estimate.

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Luthman
Stockholm | Sweden
Ceased trading in 
October 2019 
2018: £100m

Bax Shop
Goes | Netherlands
2019: £119m 
2018: £110m
+8%

Musicstore
Cologne | Germany
2019: £127m 
2018: £106m
+20%

Thomann
Burgebrach | Germany
2019: £868m 
2018: £808m
+7%

 1 day road/economy delivery 

 2 days road/economy delivery 

 3+ days road/economy delivery 

Source: Music Trades

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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REVIEW

AN  
INSPIRING 
PERFORMANCE 
DURING  
FY20

Our primary FY20 objectives 
were to restore gross margins 
and improve our operational 
strength, and with a 310bps 
gross margin improvement
and a successfully executed 
peak trading period, we have 
achieved both of those 
objectives whilst continuing  
to grow the business.

ANDREW WASS
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 

BUSINESS REVIEW 
Our primary FY20 objectives were to 
restore gross margins and improve 
our operational strength, and with a 
310bps gross margin improvement 
and a successfully executed peak 
trading period, I am very pleased 
to report that we have achieved 
both of those objectives whilst 
continuing to grow the business. 

Our FY21 objectives are to accelerate 
our market share growth, whilst 
continuing to improve profitability 
within a tightly controlled cost base. 
After a period of focusing our software 
development resources on upgrading 
backend systems and infrastructure 
during FY20, resources will be more 
focused on customer experience and 
growth orientated projects during FY21. 

As a result of the actions we have taken, 
we have a significantly more robust 
commercial and operational foundation. 
We will continue to evolve and invest into 
our e-commerce platform, to ensure 
that alongside the significant commercial 
progress we are making, our industry-
leading customer proposition is retained 
and refined to deliver long-term success. 

OUR PEOPLE
We know that our success is predicated 
on the hard work and talent of our 
teams, but this has never been as 
important as now. Not only has every 
single member of our team had to 
adapt in their personal and work 
lives, but they have also delivered 
exceptionally high volumes and have 
maintained our high levels of service 
through these unprecedented times.

I would like to take this opportunity to 
thank our teams for their hard work and 
commitment.

MARGIN MOMENTUM
Improving margins has been critical in 
returning the business to profitability, 
and we have made significant progress 
as a result of the initiatives set out 
last year. We have focused on higher 
margin stock with more selective 
inventory investment, strengthened 
our own-brand product ranges to 
accelerate their growth relative to other 
brands, and redirected our marketing 
investment into higher margin products 
in order to increase their sales. 

These measures have been supported 
by an ongoing review of our courier 
relationships to reduce delivery costs, 
and updating our returns policies to 
ensure they are competitive and 
commercially viable. 

As these initiatives continue during FY21, 
we are confident that further margin 
improvements can be made over time, 
as we benefit from additional scale and 
increased financial resources. 

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10

 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL KPIs

Revenue*
UK revenue*
International revenue*
Gross margin
Gross profit
Total administrative expenses**
European administrative expenses**
EBITDA**
Cash at year end
Net debt

FY20

FY19 (13m)

Change

£120.3m £118.2m
£63.7m
£54.5m
22.8%
£26.9m
£26.9m
£2.8m
£2.3m
£5.3m
£7.5m

£61.8m
£58.5m
25.9%
£31.2m
£27.1m
£2.5m
£7.8m
£7.8m
£5.5m

+2%
-3%
+7%
+310bps
+16%
+1%
-10%
+239%
+47%
-27%

*   See Note 2 of the financial statements
**  FY20 figures are reported on an IFRS 16 basis; FY19 on an IAS 17 basis. FY19 EBITDA reported on an IFRS 16 basis  

is £3.7m.

COMMERCIAL KPIs

Website visitors
Conversion rate
Average order value
Active customers
Products listed

See page 23 for commercial KPI definitions.

FY20

FY19 (13m)

Change

28.4m
3.29%
£117
807,000
54,200

27.1m
3.40%
£117
727,000
51,500

+5%
-11bps
–
+11%
+5%

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OPERATIONAL STRENGTH
During the year we have built 
significantly more resilience into 
our distribution operations to cope 
with peak trading periods, alongside 
improvements in productivity and 
efficiency. We have strengthened our 
management teams, extended working 
hours, increased storage space, invested 
in new equipment, and developed 
upgraded software control systems. 

We are confident that, with relatively 
modest further investment, the business 
will have sufficient capacity within its 
three distribution hubs to allow strong 
growth in the short and medium term. 

DIGITAL STRATEGY
The ongoing development of our 
bespoke e-commerce platform 
has been the foundation of our 
success that has given us a sustained 
competitive advantage, and will 
continue to be a key part of our 
business strategy going forward. 

During FY20 we made over 1,000 
website and system deployments, 
including a new returns platform, 
enhanced product listing pages,  
and a wide range of operational  
system upgrades. 

During FY21 we will deliver the  
next stages of our mobile website 
development and upgrade our customer 
communication and personalisation 
tools alongside further efficiency 
improvements. 

Our longer-term digital strategy will 
include introducing a number of 
transformational ways customers will  
be able to buy products on Gear4music 
websites. This will start during FY21 with 
the launch of our solution to allow the 
sale and immediate download of digital 
products, such as music software and 
sample libraries.

Our FY21 objectives are  
to accelerate our market 
share growth, whilst
continuing to improve 
profitability within a tightly 
controlled cost base.

ANDREW WASS
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 

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CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REVIEW  
CONTINUED

GROSS PROFIT

£31.2m

+16%

EBITDA

£7.8m

+239%

BREXIT
With our European hubs and European 
buying operations now firmly 
established, we are well placed to 
navigate any further changes that are 
likely to become necessary following 
the completion of Brexit. However, 
subject to the outcome, revenue 
growth during any transition period 
may not be as strong. In the medium 
and longer term, we are confident 
that the Group will be well-positioned 
to capitalise on the opportunities 
presented in our European markets. 

TRADING OUTLOOK
The COVID-19 lockdown has created 
an exceptional period of trading 
conditions for the Group. Our focus 
has been on protecting the health and 
safety of our employees, whilst ensuring 
customer service levels are maintained. 
Aside from the operational challenges 
which the business has navigated 
effectively, we have experienced 
exceptionally strong trading at the 
beginning of the current financial year. 

With the shift from high street to online 
consumer shopping continuing to 
accelerate, we remain confident that our 
business is appropriately configured to 
achieve long-term profitable growth, 
and that we are in a strong position to 
build upon the excellent progress we 
have made during FY20.

ANDREW WASS 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 
22 June 2020

We remain confident 
that our business is 
appropriately configured 
to achieve long-term 
profitable growth, and
that we are in a strong 
position to build
upon the excellent 
progress we have
made during FY20.

ANDREW WASS
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 

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PLATFORM 
FEATURES

Our bespoke platform provides  
an end-to-end solution 
encompassing the whole 
business. Having software 
development in-house  
enables us to quickly and  
cost-effectively develop new 
features and functionality.

Cloud  
based  
platform

Delivery  
to 190 
countries

Multi- 
currency

GLOBAL 
CAPACITY

Localised 
purchasing 

Multi- 
lingual

Zonal  
pricing

Responsive 
design

Consumer 
finance 
integrated

Mobile 
optimised

WEBSITE

160  
payment 
methods

Advanced 
content 
management

Data  
driven  
search

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Anti DDoS 
technology

CE & ROHS 
compliance

Data 
‘encryption 
at-rest’

SECURITY

Advanced 
fraud 
prevention

PCI DSS 
compliant

GDPR 
compliant

European 
courier
integrations

Delivery  
date 
calculation

1000s of 
delivery 
options

FULFILMENT

Delivery  
cost 
calculation

Optimised 
dispatch 
locations

Intelligent 
service 
selection

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Multi-hub 
warehouse 
management

Advanced 
reporting

Global  
stock  
visibility

WMS

Returns 
management

Advanced 
inventory 
management

Dispatch 
management

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Fully  
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POS

Single 
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CRM

Personalised 
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Automated 
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Email 
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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
BUSINESS MODEL

MORE  
ACCESSIBLE  
AND  
AFFORDABLE  
FOR ALL  
MUSICIANS

HOW WE WORK  

WE BELIEVE  
A SUCCESSFUL…

e-commerce business requires a 
unique combination of talented staff, 
excellent products, efficient systems, 
robust physical operations and reliable 
delivery partners.

STAFF
We have a strong, committed and 
experienced management team, working 
alongside passionate staff with in-depth 
knowledge of their specialist area of focus.

PRODUCTS
Our own-brand product ranges have 
taken over 17 years to develop, working 
with some of the best manufacturers 
from around the world to ensure we 
build on our reputation for great quality 
at affordable prices. In addition, we have 
built strong relationships with the industry’s 
biggest brand names, including Yamaha, 
Roland, Fender and many more.

PREMISES
The Group currently operates from 284,000 
square feet of operational space – 135,000 
square feet in York, 72,000 square feet in 
Germany, and 77,000 square feet in Sweden. 

Our 50,000 square feet freehold Head office 
provides back-office facilities sufficient to 
support the business into the long term.

SYSTEMS
Our bespoke and proprietary e-commerce 
platform is an end-to-end solution 
covering all aspects of retail operations, 
including website content, inventory 
management, multicurrency pricing, 
logistics and dispatch, CRM, automated 
marketing, purchasing, customer 
receipts and management reporting.

We believe this platform is a cornerstone  
of our business and source of competitive 
advantage, delivering reliability, scalability  
and unique functionality, and we have an 
in-house team of dedicated programmers 
constantly improving our systems with new 
features and functionality.

DELIVERY
Reliable delivery with competitive pricing is 
fundamental to our proposition and success. 
Our e-commerce platform is configured to 
select the most cost-effective delivery 
options from 17 different delivery service 
providers, to provide our customers with  
a class-leading range of delivery options.

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OUR SERVICES  

OUR CUSTOMERS  

OUR PRODUCTS  

PRODUCT 
RANGE

 BRANDED PRODUCTS
Gear4music has developed long-
term partnerships with many 
well-recognised brands within the 
music products industry, who rely on 
the specialist product knowledge of 
Gear4music’s staff, the high quality 
of customer service that Gear4music 
provides, and the high standard of 
presentation both online and at the 
Gear4music showrooms.

OWN-BRAND PRODUCTS
Ongoing development of 
Gear4music’s own-brand product 
range has been a focus since 
Gear4music.com was launched in 
2003, and now covers a wide and 
varied range with over 3,400 
products listed.

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WE BELIEVE THAT 
ACHIEVING…

a very high degree of customer 
satisfaction is fundamental to 
sustained long-term growth, 
and we are committed to 
continually improving the 
service experienced by  
our customers.

We leverage our technology and 
empower our specialist staff to ensure 
key touch points deliver a market-
leading experience, and monitor our 
progress carefully using independent 
sources such as TrustPilot.

SPECIALIST STAFF
In FY20 we employed 466 people 
(FY19: 431) across three countries, 
and many have first-hand musical 
instrument and equipment 
knowledge, playing in bands 
and producing their own music. 
Ongoing product training is routinely 
undertaken to ensure staff have 
relevant and up-to-date knowledge 
to enable them to advise customers.

Multilingual support for overseas 
customers in non-English speaking 
countries continues to be a key 
investment focus, and a prerequisite 
for many of the Group’s dealership 
agreements when selling outside 
the UK.

CUSTOMER
OVERVIEW

Gear4music’s customer  
base is primarily made up of 
private individuals (over 97%), 
from beginners and parents 
buying musical instruments  
and music equipment for  
their children, through to 
professional musicians.

The Group supplies schools and 
other educational establishments and 
a small number of trade accounts.

On 31 March 2020 we had 0.65m 
people registered to receive our 
email communications, down 
from 0.89m at 31 March 2019 
as a result of GDPR adoption. 

Active customers of 807,000 (being 
customers who have purchased from 
Gear4music during the previous 12 
months), is up 11% on FY19 (727,000). 

As the Group continues to increase 
its European business it acquired a 
further 704,000 new customers in 
the period (FY19: 674,000), and 
170,000 customers came back to us 
to place at least one follow-up order 
(FY19: 155,000). 

Average order value in FY20 was £117, 
in line with FY19, having been £127  
in FY18.

AT THE YEAR END WE  
LISTED OVER

PRODUCTS FROM OVER

54,200
880

MANUFACTURERS 

OWN-BRAND  
PRODUCT RANGE

3,400

PRODUCTS LISTED

TOTAL NUMBER  
OF EMPLOYEES

466

ACROSS THREE COUNTRIES

AT 31 MARCH 2020  
WE HAD

0.65m

PEOPLE SUBSCRIBED ON  
OUR EMAIL DATABASE

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STRATEGY AND PROGRESS

Gear4music’s strategy is  
built around…

THREE 
PILLARS 
OF 
GROWTH

OUR STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

1.   E-COMMERCE  
EXCELLENCE

EVOLVE

GROWTH  
STRATEGY

EVOLVE

IMPROVE

Bespoke platform

Efficiency and productivity

ACCELERATE

Digital marketing

ENHANCE

Customer experience

JONATHAN MEAGER 
E-COMMERCE DIRECTOR

We will continue to develop our proprietary 
e-commerce platform to drive website traffic, 
increase conversion rates and maximise operational 
efficiencies. We’ll use our bespoke technology, rich 
content and digital marketing initiatives to extend 
our reach into new and existing territories, and build 
customer trust by delivering a first-rate customer 
experience. We have some very exciting new 
developments planned for FY21 and FY22.

Our websites are driven by a bespoke and 
proprietary e-commerce platform, designed to 
maximise opportunities and deliver competitive 
advantage. It has the capacity to handle significantly 
increased volumes, and the capability to expand 
into new markets.

Having software development in-house helps 
deliver the cost-effective investment in platform 
development required to grow revenues and 
profitability. Investment enables us to respond to 
changing customer behaviours and expectations, 
by rapidly developing new features and functionality 
to drive website traffic, increase conversion rates 
and maximise operational efficiencies and reliability.

PROGRESS
With over 28 million website visitors in the period, conversion rates over 3%, and active 
customer numbers increasing to more than 807,000, and a 14% growth in repeat 
customers, our e-commerce strategy continues to prove highly effective.

Marketing activities continue to be heavily data driven and focused on return on 
investment, and in FY20 investment targeted higher-margin products. Marketing 
efficiency improved in FY20 as costs as a percentage of sales decreased from 8.2% 
in FY19 to 7.7% in FY20.

Our 4.8 TrustPilot rating from over 70,000 reviews is a reflection of our ‘customer first’ 
approach, the incredible efforts our teams make, and the attention to detail that is 
required to build customer trust and loyalty. We will continue to learn from our 
customers, and use our significant technical resources to design the new solutions 
required to satisfy an evolving market.

Our bespoke e-commerce platform is the cornerstone of our success and a major 
competitor differentiator, and our development team of 44 have worked tirelessly to 
design and deploy 1,054 updates and upgrades during the period.

WEBSITE VISITORS

TRUSTPILOT RATING

28m

+5%

4.8/5

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OUR STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

2.   SUPPLY CHAIN  
EVOLUTION

OUR STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

3.   INTERNATIONAL  
EXPANSION

IMPROVE

EVOLVE

IMPROVE

ACCELERATE

ENHANCE

Logistics capability

Product margins

EVOLVE

IMPROVE

Regional procurement

Delivery options

ACCELERATE

Own-brand development

ACCELERATE

Website localisation

ENHANCE

Products and services

ENHANCE

Localised service

We will continue to extend our 
product ranges with a focus on 
margin-enhancing opportunities, 
and we will leverage our 
international buying teams to 
widen our procurement options. 
Further development of our 
highly successful own-brand 
ranges will remain a priority, 
dealing directly with factories 
and manufacturers to gain 
competitive advantage. A highly 
specialised purchasing team, 
combined with our market-
leading European distribution 
capability and bespoke 
e-commerce platform makes 
our business entirely unique.

We continue to develop and 
improve our customer 
proposition in each of the 
territories we operate. We’ll 
achieve this by further localising 
our websites to drive traffic and 
improve conversion, enhancing 
our multilingual customer 
service teams, expanding our 
international buying teams, and 
refining our delivery options to 
increase speed and convenience.

ROB NEWPORT 
OPERATIONS DIRECTOR

GARETH BEVAN 
CHIEF COMMERCIAL 
OFFICER

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PROGRESS
At the year end we listed 54,200 products, which is up by 5% 
in 12 months, and we know there are opportunities to grow 
this significantly.

Whilst only representing 6% of listed SKUs, own-brand product 
sales accounted for 29% of revenue (FY19: 27%), and continue 
to grow impressively to £35.4m in the year.

PROGRESS
With international sales increasing to £58.5m in what is a $16bn 
market, expanding internationally continues to be a key area of 
opportunity and focus for the Group. Localising our websites and 
customer experience is at the core of our growth strategy, and 
during the period we have expanded our multilingual customer 
service team, invested further into translation and marketing, and 
improved our local delivery and payment options.

In 2018 we opened our German showroom, which in addition to 
physically showcasing our products and building our brand in the 
locality, created buying opportunities from German distributors in 
Euros. Later that year we relocated our Swedish operation providing 
significant additional capacity to service the Scandinavian and 
Northern European markets.

SKUs LISTED

54,200

+5%

OWN-BRAND REVENUE

£35.4m

+13%

INTERNATIONAL SALES

£58.5m

+7%

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STRATEGY IN ACTION

NUMBER OF DEPLOYMENTS 
IN THE YEAR 

1,054

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E-COMMERCE 
EXCELLENCE 

BESPOKE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT 
We have invested £12.1m over 14 years in developing 
our bespoke end-to-end e-commerce platform to 
meet our exact requirements. ‘Front-end’ websites are 
market-leading localised sites that have responsive 
design and are multilingual and multicurrency, 
supported by robust, flexible, fully integrated  
 back-office systems.

READ MORE ON:
PAGE 13

Having software development 
in-house enables us to quickly 
and cost-effectively develop 
new features and functionality.

JONATHAN MEAGER
E-COMMERCE DIRECTOR

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INTERNATIONAL REVENUE
SKUs LISTED

£58.5m
54,200

+7%
OWN-BRAND REVENUE

EUROPEAN ADMIN EXPENSES

£35m
£2.5m

-10%

STRATEGY IN ACTION

INTERNATIONAL 
EXPANSION 

CASE STUDY: SCANDINAVIA
Our Swedish operation continues to grow. The distribution centre 
saw substantial growth over the last 12 months, including the 
biggest daily orders yet on Cyber Monday 2019. The move from 
our original property in September 2018 has enabled unrestricted 
growth and allowed us to work with our landlords to develop  
a purpose-built distribution centre close to Stockholm Arlanda 
Airport, a property that includes one of the largest music 
showrooms in Scandinavia.

Ahead of peak FY21, we have significantly extended our 
maximum daily order processing capacity in anticipation of 
continued seasonal sales increases. Stock levels continue to grow 
and will develop further, ahead of the end of the UK’s transition 
period out of the EU, ensuring a significant majority of orders to 
Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland can be satisfied directly 
from our Swedish hub. Additionally in Summer 2020 we will 
complete our Swedish returns handling centre, enabling us to 
provide enhanced customer service through better value, faster 
processing of customer returns from across Scandinavia. 

The Gear4music proposition in Sweden – great service and value 
with a local footprint – has been welcomed by our Scandinavian 
customers. Following the closure of a large local competitor in 
Autumn 2019, Gear4music remain well positioned to capitalise  
on the continued shift to online purchasing from many Swedish 
customers compared to our leading European competitors 
without a trading base in Scandinavia. A key part of the Gear4music 
opportunity in Sweden is access to courier delivery options which 
can only be unlocked by businesses with a local operating 
structure, and as we approach our fifth year of operation in 
Stockholm, the trading relationships we have built up continue  
to strengthen with improved commercial opportunities.

Gear4music remain well positioned to 
capitalise on the continued shift to online 
purchasing from many Swedish customers 
compared to our leading European 
competitors without a trading base  
in Scandinavia.

ROB NEWPORT
OPERATIONS DIRECTOR

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A
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KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

WE 
MEASURE 
OURSELVES 
AGAINST 
A NUMBER 
OF KPIs

that reflect the key trading trends  
and are linked to our strategic  
pillars of growth.

FINANCIAL
REVENUE £m

£120.3m

+2%

2020

2019

2018

(+9% on a 12m basis)

GROSS MARGIN %

25.9%

+310bps

2020

2019

2018

CASH £m

£7.8m

+47%

2020

2019

2018

120.3

118.2

80.1

25.9

22.8

25.4

7.8

5.3

3.5

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A
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CUSTOMER
CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE 
TrustPilot rank

4.8/5

2020

2019

PROPORTION OF REPEAT 
2018
CUSTOMERS %

21.0%

-30bps 

2020

2019

2018

4.8

9.4

9.5

21.0

21.3

22.1

DEFINITIONS

Unique visitors: A distinct person 
who visits a Gear4music site during 
a given period

Conversion: Total number of online 
orders divided by the total number of 
unique visitors

Average Order Value: Total revenue 
(gross of credit notes) divided by the total 
number of orders

Proportion of repeat customers: 
Number of customers in the period 
who have placed more than one order

COMMERCIAL
MARKETING COST 
as a % of revenues

7.7%

-50bps

2020

2019

2018

UNIQUE VISITORS m

28.4m

+11% 

2020

2019

2018

CONVERSION %

3.29%

-11bps

2020

2019

2018

AVERAGE ORDER VALUE (£)

£116.74

–

2020

2019

2018

SKUs LISTED

54,200

+5% 

2020

2019

2018

7.7

8.2

8.3

28.4

27.1

16.9

3.29

3.40

3.25

116.74 

117.39

127.33

54,200

51,600 

44,700 

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FINANCIAL REVIEW

OUR
PROFIT
FOCUS HAS  
PRODUCED 
A POWERFUL
PERFORMANCE

Our focus in FY20 was on 
delivering solid revenue 
growth whilst materially 
improving profits and 
profitability, and the 
Group has delivered.

CHRIS SCOTT
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

As laid out at the start of the financial year, our focus in FY20 
was on delivering solid revenue growth whilst materially 
improving profits and profitability, and the Group has delivered.

A key objective was to improve our operational strength and 
efficiency across the year and this was achieved as reflected in 
operating unhindered during the FY20 peak trading period.

IMPACT OF COVID-19
As we approached the end of our financial year, Europe was 
responding to COVID-19 and physical stores in our sector were 
temporarily closing. As an online retailer operating in a niche 
sector, we experienced exceptionally high levels of demand in 
the final two weeks of March and this has continued into April 
and May 2020, with the business continuing to operate 
efficiently throughout this period.

TRANSITION TO IFRS 16
The financial statements for FY20 have been prepared under 
the requirements of IFRS 16 for the first time. Implementation 
of IFRS 16 has had no effect on how the business is run, or on 
cash flows generated. It has, however, had an impact on the 
presentation of the income statement, assets and liabilities, 
and classification of certain cash flows.

IFRS 16 seeks to align the presentation of leased assets more 
closely to owned assets. In doing so, right-of-use assets and 
lease liabilities are brought onto the balance sheet, with the 
lease liabilities recognised at the present value of future 
lease payments.

To aid comparability with the prior period, adjusted financial 
information shown before the impact of IFRS 16 is shown in the 
table below. In summary the relative impact of IFRS 16 on the 
Group income statement has been to increase EBITDA by 
£1.4m, increase Operating profit by £0.2m, and decrease Profit 
before tax by £0.2m

Revenue
Gross profit
Administrative expenses
EBITDA
Depreciation and 
amortisation
Operating profit/(loss)
Financial expenses

Profit/(loss) before tax

FY19 IAS 17  
13m
£m

FY19 Restated 
IFRS 16 
13m
£m

FY20 IFRS 16 
12m
£m

118.2
26.9
(24.6)
2.3

(2.3)
(0.0)
(0.6)

(0.6)

118.2
26.9
(23.2)
3.7

(3.5)
0.2
(1.0)

(0.8)

120.3
31.2
(23.4)
7.8

(3.7)
4.1
(1.0)

3.1

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REVENUE

GROSS PROFIT

UK revenue
International revenue

Revenue

FY20 12m
£m

FY19 13m
£m

61.8
58.5

120.3

63.7
54.5

118.2

Reported revenue increased by £2.1m (2%) compared to the 
13-month period last year, and £10.4m (9%) compared to the 12 
months to end February 2019 as published last year. This builds 
on 37% growth over comparable 12-month periods last year 
and 43% in FY18.

UK revenues were up 5% relative to the 12-month period to 
28 February 2019, taking Gear4music’s UK market share to an 
estimated 7.2% (FY19: 6.9%). 

European growth continues to represent a significant 
opportunity and 12-month international revenue growth of 15% 
was further to 42% in FY19. Revenues from sales outside of 
Europe accounted for 1.3% of total revenue in both FY20  
and FY19.

Other-brand product revenue
Own-brand product revenue
Other revenue

Revenue

FY20 12m
£m

FY19 13m
£m

79.4
35.4
5.5

82.1
31.3
4.8

120.3

118.2

We continue to make progress in our own-brand business with 
revenue growth again over-delivering on the Group’s ambition 
of keeping pace with the growth in other-brands.

In FY20 own-brand revenue accounted for 29% of total revenue 
compared to 26% last year, with these sales generated from just 
3,433 SKUs representing 6% of the total range (FY19: 3,218 SKUs).

Other-brand revenue growth was impacted by cutting out less 
profitable sales and focusing on higher margin products.

Other revenue comprises carriage income, warranty revenue, 
and commissions earned on facilitating point-of-sale credit for 
retail customers. The proportion of revenues coming from 
these sources increased to 4.6% of total revenue (FY19: 4.0%)  
as more customers are willing to pay for value-added paid 
delivery services. 

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Product sales (£m)
Product profit (£m)
Product margin
Carriage costs (£m)
Carriage costs as % of 
sales
Gross profit (£m)
Gross margin

FY20 
12m

114.8
35.1
30.5%
8.8

7.3%
31.2
25.9%

FY19 
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113.4
31.6
27.8%
9.1

7.7%
26.9
22.8%

Change

+270bps

-40bps

+310bps

In FY19 we referenced the highly competitive nature of the 
UK market for other-brand products leading to low product 
margins. Our response in FY20 was to cut out lower margin 
sales and focus our efforts and resources on higher margin 
products.

Continued revenue growth and a step-up in gross margin 
combined to generate a £4.3m increase in gross profit in the 
year compared to the 13-month prior year period. Gross 
margin improved 310bps as a result of a 270bps improvement 
in product margins, driven by a marked improvement in 
other-brand margin, and sales mix effect of relatively more 
own-brand sales.

The Group benefits from buying scale relative to its UK 
competitors, and its ability to source other-branded products 
in Swedish Krona and Euros and receive product directly into its 
European distribution centres is an important part of our plans 
to mitigate the effects of Brexit.

The Group purchases its own-brand products in US Dollars 
and product margins can be impacted by exchange rate 
fluctuations. The Group has various mitigating tools and 
own-brand margins improved in FY20, having been stable 
in FY18 and FY19.

Gear4music includes ‘costs of delivery’ within cost of sales 
which is a different accounting treatment to some other 
e-commerce retailers. Delivery costs were £8.8m in the period 
and represented 7.3% of total revenue (FY19: 7.7%).

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FINANCIAL REVIEW 
CONTINUED

ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES AND OPERATING PROFIT
Reported operating profit has improved by £4.1m from a small 
operating loss last year to a £4.1m profit in FY20.

CASH FLOW

Opening cash
Profit/(loss) for the year
Movement in working capital
Depreciation and amortisation
Financial expense
Other operating adjustments
Net cash from operating activities:
Net cash from investing activities:
Net cash from financing activities:
Increase in cash in the year
Closing cash

FY20 12m
£m

FY19 13m
£m

5.3
2.6
(0.9)
3.7
1.0
1.0
7.4
(3.9)
(1.0)
2.5
7.8

3.5
(0.2)
0.1
2.3
0.4
0.0
2.6
(4.9)
4.1
1.8
5.3

Cash increased by £2.5m over the year driven by a £2.8m 
improvement in profits.

The increase in stock of £3.4m (18%) is a year-end snapshot 
reflecting the business bringing in large volumes of stock in 
February and March 2020 ahead of COVID-19 lockdown.

Net outflow from investing activities of £3.9m includes £2.8m 
of software development (FY19: £2.7m) and £0.7m of tangible 
fixed additions. Depreciation and amortisation of £2.5m is 
added back in ‘net cash from operating activities’ with respect 
to these asset categories.

Net outflow from financing activities of £1.0m (FY19: £4.1m 
inflow) includes £0.9m of IFRS 16 property lease payments, 
offsetting increased reported cash from operating activities on 
add back of £0.9m of right-of-use asset depreciation.

BALANCE SHEET AND NET ASSETS
The Group has a strong and improved year-end balance 
sheet, with net assets of £21.6m (FY19: £18.7m), £7.8m cash 
(FY19: £5.3m), and net debt of £5.5m (FY19: £7.5m).

Property, plant and equipment
IFRS 16 Right-of-use asset
Software platform
Other intangible assets

Total non-current assets
Stock
Cash
Other current assets

Total current assets
Trade payables
Loans and borrowings
Lease liabilities
Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities
Loans and borrowings
Lease liabilities
Other non-current liabilities

Total non-current liabilities

Net assets

31 March 
2020
£m

31 March 
2019
£m

11.2
9.0
7.1
2.0

29.3
22.0
7.8
2.5

32.3
(10.1)
(10.0)
(1.1)
(4.3)

(25.5)
(3.4)
(9.5)
(1.6)

(14.5)

21.6

10.8
–
5.8
2.0

18.6
18.7
5.3
1.6

25.6
(7.5)
(8.6)
–
(4.0)

(20.1)
(4.3)
–
(1.1)

(5.4)

18.7

UK administrative expenses
European administrative expenses
Total administrative expenses

Operating profit/(loss)

FY20 12m
£m

FY19 13m
£m

(24.6)
(2.5)
(27.1)

4.1

(24.1)
(2.8)
(26.9)

(0.0)

Total administrative expenses increased 1% on the FY19 
13-month period, relative to a revenue increase of 2%.

The application of IFRS 16 results in property rents no longer 
being included within operating costs and being replaced by 
an additional depreciation charge. In FY20 this meant rents of 
£0.6m in the UK and £0.8m in Europe being replaced by an 
additional £1.2m depreciation charge.

Combined marketing and labour costs of £19.0m accounted 
for 70% of total administrative expenses (FY19: 72%).

Marketing costs in the year were £9.3m (FY19 13m: £9.8m) 
equating to 7.7% of revenues compared to 8.3% in FY19 as the 
business focused on improving return on investment, and 
targeting higher margin products.

Labour costs in FY20 increased to £9.7m representing a 2% 
increase on the FY19 13-month period, and an 11% increase in 
average cost per month, with headcount increasing by 35 (8%) 
to 466. Labour costs accounted for 8.1% of revenue in line with 
8.1% in FY19.

FY20 EBITDA of £7.8m is £5.5m higher than last year of which 
£1.4m is due to the application of IFRS 16. Accounting for 
property rents no longer included in EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA 
of £6.4m is £4.1m (178%) ahead of FY19. These figures equate to 
a reported EBITDA margin of 6.4% and an adjusted margin of 
5.3% compared to 1.9% last year and 4.3% in FY18.

Administrative expenses in FY19 included a £0.4m credit 
relating to the release of a rent accrual for the difference 
between cash paid and the average rent charge as expensed 
in relation to the leasehold distribution centre at Clifton Moor, 
York. The signing of a new lease in March 2018 triggered  
the release.

OTHER EXPENSES AND NET PROFIT
Net financial expenses of £1.0m (FY19: £0.6m) include £0.4m of 
IFRS 16 lease interest not in the FY19 comparative, £0.4m loans 
and borrowing interest (FY19: £0.3m) relating to property loans, 
import loan, and asset finance, and a £0.1m net foreign 
exchange loss (FY19: £0.2m loss).

The Group reports a profit before tax of £3.1m compared 
to a £0.6m loss last year, reflecting a £3.7m improvement.

Net profit of £2.6m (FY19 net loss: £0.2m) translates into a basic 
EPS of 12.4p and diluted EPS of 12.2p (FY19: -0.8p), the highest 
reported since IPO in 2015.

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On 1 April 2019 on the application of IFRS 16, right-of-use assets 
valued at £10.2m were recognised having netted off £0.8m of 
lease incentive accrual previously held on the balance sheet, 
and lease liabilities of £11.0m recognised. At 31 March 2020 
right-of-use assets had been depreciated to £9.0m and the 
lease liability paid down to £10.1m.

The investment in our bespoke e-commerce platform in the 
period was £2.8m (FY19 13m: £2.7m) and focused more toward 
back-office functionality and resilience than in previous years, 
and in FY21 will return to focus on more growth orientated 
projects. Platform amortisation in the year was £1.5m 
compared to £1.2m in the FY19 13-month period, taking net 
book value to £7.1m (31 March 2019: £5.8m).

The Group had net debt of £5.5m at the year end (31 March 
2019: £7.5m), including debt of £4.0m that relates to and is 
secured by the freehold head office revalued to £7.5m at 
31 March 2020. Year-end net debt is made up of £2.1m of net 
debt payable under one year and £3.4m due over one year.

DIVIDENDS
The Board is confident in the prospects for the business and 
recognises the importance of retaining cash reserves to 
support future growth, and as such the Board does not 
consider it appropriate to declare a dividend at this time 
but will continue to review this position on an annual basis.

On behalf of the Board

CHRIS SCOTT
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER 
22 June 2020

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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
PEOPLE AND CULTURE

A BUSINESS 
FOR 
MUSICIANS 
RUN BY 
MUSICIANS

OUR PEOPLE
We know that the foundations of a successful 
business are built on the hard work of a team 
of talented and motivated individuals. 

We strongly believe in growing our talent by recruiting 
only the best people, identifying individual strengths, 
and providing development opportunities with the 
scope for career progression as a result.

Our diverse workforce is the best part of Gear4music: 
different cultures, knowledge and skills makes it a 
fantastic place to work, and many of our employees 
are musicians in their spare time.

A BUSINESS FOR MUSICIANS RUN BY MUSICIANS
We are proud of our passionate staff with in-depth 
knowledge of their specialist area of focus.

We offer staff discounts on musical products and 
equipment and in FY20 estimate over 75% of our team 
made a relevant purchase.

RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION
We need to attract talent into our 
business to support our growth plans 
and offer competitive salaries and a 
range of benefits to help attract and 
retain great people (https://www.
gear4music.com/careers/why-gear).

As at 31 March 2020, 59 employees are 
participating in Group share option plans 
in recognition of their contribution to the 
continuing success of the business.

In FY20 our average headcount 
increased by 8% from 431 to 466, and 
our retention levels are good.

MENTAL HEALTH
We want to support positive mental 
health and the wellbeing of all our 
employees. We know that mental health 
affects everyone and want to build 
an environment where people feel 
comfortable to talk about mental health. 

Initiatives in 2020 included:
•  Certified Mental Health First Aid 

training for ten colleagues across our  
three UK sites;

•  The creation of a new Mental Health 

and Wellbeing Policy;

•  Additional HR support including 

employee welfare meetings, Wellness 
Action Plans as recommended by 
MIND, and stress risk assessment 
tools;

•  Employee Assistance Programme 

with access to online resources, 24/7 
helpline and counselling services;

•  A commitment to continuously 

review our mental health support 
across the organisation and provide 
further initiatives in the future.

GENDER PAY GAP REPORT
As of April 2019, we are pleased to report 
that our mean gender pay gap (6.5%) 
has improved on last year (9.2%) and 
2017 (12.6%).
•  Women’s hourly rate is 6.5% lower 
(mean) and 10.3% higher (median)
•  Top salary quartile has 81.3% men and 

18.7% women

•  Upper middle salary quartile has 
69.1% men and 30.9% women
•  Lower middle salary quartile has 
80.2% men and 19.8% women

•  Lower salary quartile has 82.5% men 

and 17.5% women

•  0% of men and women received 

bonus pay

The mean reflects the fact that the top 
three highest paid employees are male. 
The median reflects that there are 
proportionally more females in the 
upper middle quartile and proportionally 
less females in the lower quartile.

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G
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EXECUTIVE  
BOARD

ANDREW WASS
CEO

CHRIS SCOTT
CFO

GARETH BEVAN
CCO

OPERATIONAL  
BOARD

JONATHAN MEAGER
E-COMMERCE  
DIRECTOR
JOINED 2007

ROB NEWPORT
OPERATIONS DIRECTOR

CHARLOTTE MAHON
HR DIRECTOR

JOINED 2016

JOINED 2015

SENIOR  
MANAGEMENT

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HEAD OF UK  
BUYING 
JOINED 2018

HEAD OF DIGITAL 
MARKETING 
JOINED 2015

SWEDISH COMMERCIAL  
MANAGER
JOINED 2016

GERMAN GENERAL  
MANAGER
JOINED 2017

UK LOGISTICS  
MANAGER 
JOINED 2005

HEAD OF CUSTOMER 
SERVICE
JOINED 2005

SWEDISH LOGISTICS  
MANAGER
JOINED 2016

GERMAN LOGISTICS  
MANAGER
JOINED 2020

29

Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
SUSTAINABILITY

DEVELOPING  
OUR APPROACH 
TO SOCIAL 
RESPONSIBILITY 

This section contains a summary 
of our progress in three key areas.

MODERN SLAVERY
We are committed to adopting and 
improving practices that ensure there is 
no slavery and human trafficking in our 
supply chain or any other part of our 
business. The products we sell are 
manufactured in many different 
countries, and we aim to ensure that 
these values are upheld across our 
supply chain.

To achieve this, we are committed to 
identifying and assessing areas of our 
business where there could be potential 
risks of modern slavery, be that directly 
or indirectly within our supply chain. We 
seek to develop and implement effective 
systems and controls to review and 
monitor compliance with our policy.

We sell many well-known other-
branded products and in the year 
ending 31 March 2020 third-party 
brands accounted for 66% of our 
sales. We purchase these products 
from European-based suppliers, many 
of whom are part of larger global 
organisations. These organisations 
acknowledge and generally publish their 
commitment to anti-slavery practices.

Our own-brand products are 
sourced from manufacturers in 
several countries around the globe 
and are often manufactured to own 
specification and design. As of 31 March 
2020, we had active relationships 
with over 50 manufacturers, 
predominantly in the Far East.

We conduct our own independent 
inspections of third-party facilities 
involved in the manufacture of our 
products. During these inspections we 
carry out extensive checks and produce 
written ‘factory inspection’ reports 
that are shared with the managers 
and/or owners of the facilities, and 
include formal recommendations 
to be actioned where appropriate.

We will stop using any factories that fail 
to meet the standards that we set. In the 
29-month period since first publication 
of our policy, we have conducted  
40 factory inspections.

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ENVIRONMENT
As a growing company we have 
a responsibility to reduce our 
environmental impact, and we can 
achieve this through technology, 
continuous improvements in operational 
efficiency, and doing things in new ways. 

Initiatives in 2020 included:
•  Revamped packaging – in FY20 we 
developed a bespoke range of 
packaging including angled guitar 
boxes and cymbal boxes. These 
packaging solutions provide a more 
secure shipping solution resulting in 
fewer damaged items, and help 
reduce our environmental footprint 
through better trailer fill; reduce our 
usage of extra packaging materials to 
block and brace the product; improve 
line efficiency through better packing 
flow; and ultimately provide a better 
customer experience with less 
packaging waste.

•  Alternative void fill solution – made 
from near 100% recycled materials 
and designed to significantly reduce 
the amount required to achieve the 
same result.

•  Reduced paper use – Management 
estimate the impact of paperless 
trade integrations with couriers and 
paperless invoicing has led to saving 
of c.400 trees in 2019.

Our carbon intensity is reported in the 
Directors’ report on page 45.

CHARITABLE PARTNERSHIPS

CHANGING 
LIVES

Music can make a real difference to people’s wellbeing 
and we’re supporting the Changing Lives charity by 
donating musical instruments to people in need.

COVID-19 has impacted all of our lives, and the need to 
stay at home has transformed how we live. Dealing with 
the implications of the pandemic is not easy, particularly 
for the most vulnerable and socially excluded. Not only 
do they deal with the stress of their circumstances, 
the opportunity for relief might not always be available. 
But light relief is an important element in preserving 
mental wellbeing.

Changing Lives is a charity that operates in the North of 
England and the Midlands. It provides compassionate 
shelter, support and other services, with more than  
100 projects in the UK. Having been in operation for over 
50 years, Changing Lives aims to help with homelessness, 
employment, women/children’s support, and drug/
alcohol dependency.

Their shelters are an essential part of people being able to 
build a future for themselves. Finding the roots of strengths 
and talents in their residents, Changing Lives combines 
recovery with building esteem and skills. Using the ‘Theory 
of Change’ process, Changing Lives gives people the 
chance to change their lives for the better. Almost 20% 
of staff at Changing Lives have also been through the 
process themselves.

Relief from the pressures of difficult times can be hard to find. 
We believe that learning to play music enriches people’s lives, 
improves confidence, relieves stress, and helps build bonds 
between people. While there is no one-size-fits-all way to 
improve mental wellbeing, music has seen some strong 
scientific evidence for its ability to help improve mental 
health. This is something that we’re well positioned to help 
with, and we’re delighted to lend our support.

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JESSIE’S  
FUND

Jessie’s Fund enables thousands of children with life 
limiting illnesses or serious disabilities to be heard  
through the language of music. 

By providing opportunities for them to access music 
therapy and to participate in musical activities, children 
who have few ways of communicating are given a voice.

Jessie’s Fund was founded in memory of a bright and 
musical little girl who died at the age of nine. Based in her 
home city of York, the award-winning charity benefits 
children in hospices, special schools and hospitals all over 
the UK. 

Gear4music is delighted to be in a supportive partnership 
with Jessie’s Fund: as two York-based organisations, 
both with music at their core, and both with a wide 
geographical reach, we have much in common. With 
our help Jessie’s Fund will be able to reach many more 
children for whom music can feel like a lifeline.

We continue to support our friends at Music For All – 
a charity that has a primary focus of ‘making more 
musicians’ by supporting musical education as well as 
helping individuals and community projects within the UK.

MUSIC  
FOR ALL

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RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

THE BOARD 
RECOGNISES

that certain risks and uncertainties can have 
significant rewards for the prospects of 
the business, and as such require careful 
identification, evaluation, and management.

The Board takes overall responsibility 
for risk management, with a focus 
on evaluating the nature and extent 
of significant risks, and formulating 
mitigations around the risks required 
to be taken in order to deliver the 
strategic objectives. The Audit 
Committee has responsibility for 
overseeing the effectiveness of 
appropriate risk management processes 
and internal control systems. More 
detail on these processes is set 
out in the governance section.

This section focuses on the principal 
risks and uncertainties to our business 
model that could impact on our 
achieving our strategic objectives, 
and our future performance.

FOR MORE INFORMATION:
WWW.GEAR4MUSICPLC.COM

OPERATIONS

Risk

COVID-19

UK’S DECISION  
TO LEAVE THE 
EU/‘BREXIT’

Description

Mitigation

COVID-19 has had a significant and enduring 
impact on people, societies, business and 
national economies. It is difficult to predict the 
level and shape of consumer demand post-
lockdown, and the short-term and permanent 
impact in different markets.

COVID-19 has had a significant impact on retail 
and warehousing operations.

Consumer confidence and disposable income 
may be lower and more difficult to forecast 
post-lockdown.

Shopping habits may have changed  
post-lockdown.

Operational capability and capacity could be 
impacted if one or more distribution centres were 
forced to close

Supply chains and product availability could be 
adversely impacted.

Uncertainty in the UK and European economies 
ahead of the end of the transition period on 
31 December 2020, could potentially impact 
on consumer confidence and the ability of the 
Group to maintain sales growth.

Governments could influence cross-border 
controls, which could make it more difficult for us 
to move products across borders to customers 
and/or between our distribution centres.

European competitors may gain an advantage 
over the Group if higher duties are imposed on 
UK imports into the EU, or currencies move 
adversely to the Group.

Controls on the freedom of movement of people 
may impact the availability of European workers 
in the UK.

The safety of our employees and customers has 
been and continues to be our priority.

By quickly and effectively adapting our working 
practices, all of our distribution centres remained 
open through the crisis.

A large proportion of our own-brand products are 
sourced from China and, as we do every year, we 
built up stock ahead of Chinese New Year and 
had sufficient stock on-hand to manage until 
factories reopened.

We placed significant other-brand stock orders 
ahead of lockdown, and have maintained good 
availability across our ranges. Our supply chains 
do not appear to have been materially impacted at  
this stage.

Early indications are that some of the shopping 
habits that consumers have displayed during 
lockdown, including channel shift to online, 
may persist post-lockdown.

Gear4Music is financially robust and well placed 
to benefit from the transition to a ‘new normal’.

Developments continue to be monitored.

We would look to minimise cross-border activity 
with our European operations fulfilling a higher 
proportion of European demand, and our UK 
operation focusing on the UK. The Group has 
trading subsidiaries in Sweden and Germany and, 
if and when appropriate, operational arrangements 
could be adapted and these entities become 
standalone businesses.

The Group has established teams and significant 
capacity in its Swedish and German sites.

Competitor activity and offerings are reviewed 
regularly to remain abreast of market developments 
and identify competitive advantages.

Fluctuating exchange rates are regularly reviewed 
and operational and financial mitigations 
considered. Buying products and incurring 
proportionally more other costs in Euros and Krona 
partly mitigates the risk. 

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OPERATIONS CONTINUED

Risk

Description

Mitigation

RAPID GROWTH

NEW JURISDICTIONS

TECHNOLOGICAL 
CHANGES

DISTRIBUTION  
CENTRES

The Group’s business has grown rapidly. 
Operations and practices adopted at earlier 
stages of the Group’s development may be 
inappropriate for a business of an increased size 
and scale.

The Group may need to expand and enhance its 
infrastructure and technology and improve its 
operational and financial systems and procedures 
and controls in order to be able to match its 
growth. The Group may face challenges in 
matching the pace of its expansion with 
corresponding improvements and enhancements 
in its systems, controls and procedures. The 
Group will also need to expand, train and manage 
its growing employee base.

 .

The Plc and Operational Boards actively monitor 
and respond, so as to maintain systems and 
practices that are appropriate for the operations 
and scale of the Group.

FY20 has been a period of consolidation with a 
high proportion of senior management time and 
software development resource dedicated to 
improving internal processes and controls, and 
overall Group resilience.

The Group continues to recruit into key 
management positions.

The Group has again expanded its Finance function 
providing greater capacity and better segregation of 
duties, further improving the control environment. .

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The Group’s expansion into new jurisdictions may 
not be successful. Further expansion into markets 
outside the UK would expose the Group to a 
variety of risks, including different regulatory 
requirements, complications with staffing and 
managing foreign operations, variations in 
consumer behaviour, fluctuations in currency 
exchange rates, potential political and economic 
instability, potential difficulties in enforcing 
contracts and intellectual property rights, the 
potential for higher rates of fraud and adverse tax 
consequences. 

The Directors have limited experience of the 
legal and regulatory regimes of jurisdictions 
outside the UK and their consequences for 
the Group’s business.

In addition, the Group will likely have to compete 
in new jurisdictions with companies already 
operating in the relevant market and which  
may understand the local market better than  
the Group. 

To the extent that the Group overestimates the 
potential of a new geographic market, incorrectly 
judges the timing of the development of a new 
geographic market or fails to anticipate the 
differences between a new geographic market 
and the UK, the Group’s attempt to expand into 
new geographic markets may be unsuccessful.

Unless the Group is able to respond to 
technological advances it may not be 
able to effectively build and/or maintain 
a competitive advantage.

Any disruption to a distribution centre’s 
efficient operation may have an effect  
on the Group’s business.

Distribution centres may suffer prolonged power 
or equipment failures, failures in its information 
technology systems or networks or damage from 
fires, floods, other disasters or other unforeseen 
events which may not be covered by or may 
exceed the Group’s insurance coverage. 

The Group operates three distribution centres 
and as such is not completely reliant on a  
single site.

The Board will routinely direct Management  
to seek professional input into any such 
major developments.

The Group has local subsidiaries in Sweden and 
Germany and recruited local management familiar 
with local laws and regulations.

Any future advances into Europe will continue  
to be in a measured and capital efficient manner. 

The Group continues to allocate a significant annual 
budget to software development: £2.8m in FY20 
and have plans to increase this spend in FY21.

Software development is in-house enabling the 
Group to assert greater control and drive cost 
efficiency to help mitigate such risks. 

The Group operates from three locations, mitigating 
the risk of over-dependence on any single location.

The Group, in conjunction with its insurance broker, 
ensures sufficient and appropriate insurance cover is 
in place. This includes Business Interruption cover.

The Group has a formal disaster recovery plan in 
place that details actions in specific situations.

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RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
CONTINUED

OPERATIONS CONTINUED

Risk

Description

Mitigation

WAREHOUSING, 
ONWARD 
DISTRIBUTION TO 
CUSTOMERS AND 
LOGISTICS

The supply of product to customers in a timely 
manner is critical to the success of the Group. 
The Group therefore operates its own 
warehouses, run by senior management that 
have significant experience in the sector.

Any rapid increase in revenue may require further 
expansion of current warehouse space.

There is a risk that the Group may experience 
interruptions to the operation of these logistics 
and distribution networks that could prevent the 
timely or proper delivery of products, which 
could damage the Group’s reputation, deter 
customers, prospective customers, suppliers and/
or prospective suppliers.

There are regular reviews of capacity across 
locations and follow-up plans developed that the 
Board believes should allow the Group to fulfil an 
increasing number of orders from the existing sites 
and identify step-changes for consideration as and 
when required.

The Group operates from three distribution centres, 
each with their own local logistics relationships, 
thereby reducing the dependency on any single site 
or local network.

The Group maintains multiple delivery service 
providers to reduce the dependency on any single 
provider, and tracks service level agreements on an 
ongoing basis. This provides system flexibility to 
switch providers within a matter of days if required.

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CHANGE TO SEARCH 
ENGINES’ ALGORITHMS

DATA SECURITY AND  
IT RELIABILITY

BRAND AND PROPOSITION

MARKET  
RECOGNITION

The Group will continue to operate search 
engine optimisation activities that adhere to 
search engine guidelines.

The Group seeks to mitigate this risk by investing in 
IT infrastructure including robust cloud-based 
backup systems.

The Group has a disaster recovery plan in place 
which has been designed to minimise the impact of 
data loss or corruption from hardware failure, 
human error, hacking or malware.

Rigorous monitoring of customer feedback helps 
ensure issues are identified and rectified on a  
timely basis.

Own-brand products are carefully selected and 
rigorously tested prior to initial order.

Changes to search engines’ algorithms or terms 
of service could cause the Group’s websites to 
be excluded from or ranked lower in natural 
search results. 

Search engines frequently modify their algorithms 
and ranking criteria to prevent their natural listings 
from being manipulated, which could impair the 
Group’s ‘Search Engine Optimisation’ (‘SEO’) 
activities. If the Group is unable to recognise and 
adapt quickly to such modifications in search 
engine algorithms, the Group could suffer a 
significant decrease in traffic and revenue.

The Group relies heavily on its IT infrastructure 
and e-commerce system. If any one or more of 
its websites were to fail or be damaged this could 
impact the Group’s ability to trade.

If the Group’s IT and data security systems do not 
function properly there could be website 
slowdown or unavailability, loss of data, a failure 
by the Group to protect the confidential 
information of its customers from security 
breaches, delays in transaction processing, or the 
inability to accept and fulfil customer orders, 
which could affect the Group’s business.

Developing and maintaining the reputation of, 
and value associated with, the Group’s brands is 
of central importance to the ongoing success of 
the Group. Brand identity is a critical factor in 
retaining existing and attracting new customers. 
The Group is reliant on its natural search result 
rankings and paid advertising as it seeks to build 
market share and attract new customers. 

Any failure by the Group to offer high quality 
products across a range of instruments, 
manufacturers and price points, excellent 
customer service and efficient and reliable 
delivery, could damage its reputation and brands 
and could result in the loss of customer 
confidence and a reduction in purchases.

Unfavourable publicity concerning the Group 
could damage the Group’s brands and its 
business. If the Group fails to maintain its brands 
or if excessive expenses are incurred in this effort, 
the Group’s business may be affected.

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BRAND AND PROPOSITION CONTINUED

Risk

Description

Mitigation

COMPETITION

The UK and European retail market for musical 
instruments and music equipment is competitive. 
A number of competitors may have financial 
resources greater than those of the Group.

Amazon sells musical instruments and  
music equipment.

The Group has a track record of successfully 
competing on a wide range of factors including 
quality and range of products, price, product 
availability, product information, convenience, 
delivery options and service.

RESOURCES AND RELATIONSHIPS

SUPPLY AND SALE OF 
THIRD-PARTY 
BRANDED PRODUCTS

The Group purchases products from a number 
of large global musical instrument and music 
equipment brand owners, and the Group’s 
business depends on its ability to source a range 
of products from well-recognised brands on 
commercially reasonable terms. 

The relationships between the Group and the 
third-party brand owners are generally based on 
annual contracts that the Group seeks to renew 
each year. The third-party brand owners may 
cease selling products to the Group on terms 
acceptable to it, fail to deliver sufficient quantities 
of products in a timely manner, terminate their 
relationship with the Group and enter into 
agreements with the Group’s competitors, or 
experience raw material or labour shortages or 
increases in raw material or labour costs. Any 
disruption to the availability or supply of products 
to the Group or any deterioration to the terms on 
which products are supplied to the Group could 
affect its business.

Whilst sales of third-party branded products 
accounted for approximately 66% of the Group’s 
turnover in FY20 (FY19: 70%), the Directors do not 
consider that the Group is significantly reliant on any 
one or more major brand/brand owner.

The Directors believe that the relative size of the 
Group, its purchase volumes and the strength of its 
relationship with the brand owners, built over a 
prolonged period in many cases, make it unlikely 
that any such arrangements would be terminated.

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RELIANCE ON  
SUB-CONTRACT 
MANUFACTURERS 

DEPENDENCE ON  
KEY PERSONNEL

The Group sub-contracts manufacture of its 
own-brand musical instruments and equipment 
to independent third-party businesses in 
Southeast Asia. Any disruption to supply or issues 
such as poor product quality could have an 
adverse impact on the Group’s reputation.

The impact of any issues arising with  
sub-contractors’ products is exacerbated  
by the lead times involved (12–16 weeks).

The Group has been successfully importing for 
over 17 years and has relationships with over 30 
manufacturers providing re-sourcing options.

The Board believes that the Group has robust 
take-on and ongoing monitoring procedures, 
covering areas such as quality control and delivery 
performance for new and existing manufacturers, 
that the Group seeks to adhere to rigidly. 

The loss of any key individual or the inability to 
attract appropriate personnel could impact upon 
the Group’s future performance. 

Should the Group fail to retain or attract suitably 
qualified and experienced personnel, it may not 
be able to compete successfully.

The Senior Management team is compensated 
through a combination of market-rate salaries and 
longer-term share-based incentives to align their 
remuneration with the continued success of  
the Group.

The Board continues to recruit into key management 
positions as and when positions are identified.

An Operational Board meets on a regular basis to 
focus on all trading and commercial matters. 

Key man insurance is in place re: Andrew Wass, 
Gareth Bevan and Chris Scott.

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DUTY TO PROMOTE THE SUCCESS OF THE COMPANY
Engaging with our stakeholders and acting in a way that 
promotes the long-term success of the Company, while taking 
into account the impacts of our business decisions on our 
stakeholders, are central to our strategic thinking and our 
statutory duties in accordance with Section 172(1) of the 
Companies Act 2006 (‘s.172’). The content in this section 
constitutes our s.172 statement, as required under the 
Companies (Miscellaneous Reporting) Regulations 2018.

Our impact on, and engagement with, our key stakeholder 
groups are considered within the implementation of our Group 
strategy. Our principal stakeholder groups include: employees, 
customers, suppliers, the environment and our shareholders. 
How we engage with these groups is covered throughout  
the report.

The Board of Directors consider, both individually and together, 
that they have acted in the way that they consider, in good faith, 
would be most likely to promote the success of the Company 
for the benefit of its members as a whole, having regard to the 
stakeholders and matters set out in s.172 (a–f of the Companies 
Act) in the decisions taken during the year. Our plan is designed 
to have a long-term beneficial impact on the Company and  
its stakeholders.

VIABILITY AND S172 STATEMENT 

ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTS AND VIABILITY
The Directors are confident that the Group has sufficient 
financial resources, and in 2020 the business has demonstrated 
continued revenue growth and markedly improved profitability. 
As such the Group is well placed to manage its business risks 
and flourish.

The Group operates annual budgeting and monthly 
reforecasting cycles, linked to strategic review and planning. 
Weekly and monthly reporting is used to monitor, control and 
report on performance. 

OPERATIONS
The Group’s business activities and position in the market, 
together with the factors that are likely to affect future 
development and performance are set out in the Strategic 
Report on pages 1 to 35.

The Directors have considered the Group’s growth prospects 
based on its product proposition and online offering in the UK 
and Europe, and concluded that potential growth rates remain 
strong as channel shift continues and customers move online. 
There is a diverse supply chain with no key dependencies and 
over 80% of Administrative expenses relate to marketing and 
labour costs.

FINANCES
The Group’s policy is to ensure that it has sufficient facilities to 
cover its future funding requirements. Short-term flexibility is 
available through import loans and overdraft facilities. 

At 31 March 2020 the Group had £7.8m cash (31 March 2019: 
£5.3m) and on 1 June 2020 the Group’s bankers, HSBC, 
confirmed that the Group’s import loan and overdraft facilities 
had been renewed at a combined £14m (FY19: £10m) for a 
further 12 months. The Directors are confident that the facilities 
will be renewed in 2021 and this has been factored in to their 
going concern assessment. 

As with any company placing reliance on external funding for 
financial support, the Directors acknowledge that there can be 
no certainty that this support will continue, although, at the 
date of approval of these financial statements, they have no 
reason to believe that it will not do so.

COVID-19
The Directors have carefully considered the impact of COVID-19 
on the Group’s financial position, liquidity and future performance. 

All three distribution centres have remained open throughout 
the pandemic, and higher levels of orders have continued to 
be fulfilled. In the period post year end, sales have remained 
at materially elevated levels compared to business plan with 
improved margins, and we have also incurred lower marketing 
costs than we would typically expect.

Having duly considered all of these factors and having reviewed 
the forecasts for the coming year, the Directors have a 
reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources 
to continue trading for the foreseeable future.

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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND COMMITTEES OF  
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The Board, which is headed by the Chairman, comprises five 
Directors, of which three are Executive and two are Non-
Executive, providing a broad range of relevant skills and 
experience. The Board considers Ken Ford and Dean Murray to 
be ‘independent’ Non-Executives under the criteria identified in 
the Code. Directors’ profiles are detailed on page 42. 

The Board met regularly throughout the year with ad hoc 
meetings held when required.

THE ROLE OF THE BOARD
The role of the Board is to provide leadership to the Group 
and to ensure the obligations of being a public company 
are adhered to. The Board bears collective responsibility for 
delivering ongoing success through the development of 
appropriate strategies that are aligned to the Group’s objectives, 
and deliverable with due consideration of risk and the resources 
available. The Board is also responsible for ensuring that a 
framework of effective controls is in place.

The Group is controlled by the Board of Directors. The Board is 
headed by the Chairman, comprises five Directors, of which 
three are Executive and two are Non-Executive, meeting the 
QCA Code’s guidance that a board should have at least two 
independent non-executive directors (‘NEDs’). It is recognised 
that the CEO, being a major shareholder, risks individual 
dominance of the Board but the Board’s view is that the 
independent NEDs and committees mitigate this risk.

CHAIRMAN’S INTRODUCTION
It is the Board’s responsibility to ensure that Gear4music  
is managed for the long-term benefit of all shareholders.  
A corporate governance framework that is effective whilst 
dynamic is one of the foundations of a sustainable growth 
strategy and identifying, evaluating and managing risks and 
opportunities will underpin long-term value creation.

QUOTED COMPANIES ALLIANCE CORPORATE 
GOVERNANCE CODE
Last year the Directors applied the Quoted Companies Alliance 
Corporate Governance Code (the ‘QCA Code’), a proportionate, 
principles-based approach constructed around ten broad 
principles with accompanying guidance, and this section 
outlines how the Group operates in each of these key areas.

By following the QCA Code, my Board colleagues and I seek to 
ensure that the Group operates efficiently and effectively and 
communicates well, to promote confidence and trust in the 
Group’s Board and management. The Board aims to balance the 
interests and expectations of the Group’s many shareholders and 
stakeholders by observing a transparent set of rules, practices 
and processes. I believe that by adhering to this clear set of 
guidelines, the Group is well placed to deliver medium and 
long-term success.

The Board is satisfied that the five Directors collectively provide 
a broad range of relevant skills and experience, and that the 
composition strikes a good balance between independence 
and knowledge of the business, to enable it to effectively 
discharge its duties and responsibilities. At an appropriate stage 
in the development of the business the Board commits to 
appoint a third Non-Executive Director to match the number of 
independent Non-Executives to the number of Executives, and 
gender balance will be a key criterion in this appointment.

KEN FORD
CHAIRMAN AND NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

The division of responsibilities between the Chairman and the 
Chief Executive Officer is clearly defined. The Chairman is 
responsible for ensuring the effectiveness of the Board and 
setting its agenda. The Chairman is not involved in the day-to-day 
running of the business. The Chief Executive Officer has direct 
charge of the Group on a day-to-day basis, and the Executive 
team has collective responsibility for the implementation of the 
Group’s strategies and is accountable to the Board for the 
financial and operational performance of the Group.

There are certain matters that are reserved for the Board’s 
consideration and these include, but are not limited to matters 
of strategy, key commercial developments, risk management, 
the consideration and approval of budgets, significant capital 
expenditure and recruitment, acquisitions and disposals, and 
the approval of financial statements.

The formal Board agenda includes an Executive report detailing 
the commercial, operational and financial performance of the 
Group. Further to formal Board meetings, the Board receives 
weekly key trend information covering all trading aspects of  
the business.

The Board determines the fees paid to Non-Executive Directors.

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38

 
 
 
 
 
 
The performance of the Board is evaluated informally on an 
ongoing basis with reference to all aspects of its operation 
including, but not limited to the appropriateness of its skill  
level; the way its meetings are conducted and administered 
(including the content of those meetings); the effectiveness  
of the various Committees; whether Corporate Governance 
issues are handled in a satisfactory manner; and whether there 
is a clear strategy and objectives.

A new Director, on appointment, is briefed on the activities of 
the Group. Professional induction training is also given as 
appropriate. The Chairman briefs Non-Executive Directors on 
issues arising at Board meetings if required, and Non-Executive 
Directors have access to the Chairman at any time. Ongoing 
training is provided as needed. Directors are continually 
updated on the Group’s business and on insurance and on 
issues covering pensions, social, ethical, environmental and 
health and safety by means of Board reports.

In the furtherance of his duties or in relation to acts carried out 
by the Board or the Group, each Director has been informed 
that he is entitled to seek independent professional advice at 
the expense of the Group. The Group maintains appropriate 
cover under a Directors and Officers’ insurance policy in the 
event of legal action being taken against any Director.

Each Director is appraised through the normal appraisal 
process. The Chief Executive Officer is appraised by the 
Chairman, the Executive Board members by the Chief 
Executive Officer, and the Non-Executive Board members by 
the Chairman. Each Director has access to the services of the 
Company Secretary if required.

The Non-Executive Directors are considered by the Board  
to be independent of management and are free to exercise 
independence of judgement. They receive no other 
remuneration from the Group other than the Directors’ fees  
and their shareholdings as disclosed.

The Board is supported by and receives recommendations 
from two committees – an Audit Committee and a 
Remuneration Committee.

RE-ELECTION
At each Annual General Meeting one third (or whole number 
less than one third) of the directors retires by rotation, and in 
August 2019 this was Ken Ford, Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan.

In addition, Directors are subject to re-election at the Annual 
General Meeting following their appointment.

SHAREHOLDER COMMUNICATIONS
The Group seeks to maintain a regular dialogue with both 
existing and potential investors to ensure that its strategy, 
business model and performance are clearly understood. 
Understanding what investors and analysts think and helping 
these audiences understand our business, is an important part 
of taking our business forward. 

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The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer regularly 
meet with investors and analysts to provide them with updates 
on the Group’s business and to obtain feedback regarding the 
market’s expectations of the Group. The Group’s NOMAD and 
public relations advisor provide written feedback after these 
presentations and meetings, and this feedback is shared with 
the Board.

The Group invites all shareholders to attend its Annual General 
Meeting where they can meet and question the Directors, and 
express ideas or concerns. The Notice of the Meeting is sent 
to shareholders at least 21 days before the Meeting and the 
chairs of the Board and all committees together with all other 
Directors, routinely attend the AGM and are available to answer 
questions raised by shareholders.

Where voting decisions are not in line with the Group’s 
expectations the Board will engage with those shareholders to 
understand and address any issues.

The Board receives copies of all articles relating to the 
Group that are published in the financial press, via its public 
relations advisors.

The Annual Report and Accounts is published on the Company’s 
investor website and can be accessed by shareholders.

INTERNAL CONTROLS
The Board is responsible for the Group’s system of internal 
controls and for reviewing its effectiveness. Such a system is 
designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to 
achieve business objectives and can only provide reasonable and 
not absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss.

The Group highlights potential financial and non-financial risks 
which may impact on the business as part of the monthly 
management reporting procedures. The Board receives these 
monthly management reports and monitors the position at 
Board meetings.

An Operational Board comprising the three Executive Directors 
and three further directors of the trading subsidiary, meets 
regularly to analyse and discuss operational and commercial 
matters, and identifies any material matters to escalate to the 
Plc Board. The Operational Board met ten times in the financial 
year.

The Board confirms that there are ongoing processes for 
identifying, evaluating and mitigating the significant risks faced 
by the Group. The processes have been in place from 1 March 
2018 to the date of approval of the Annual Report and Accounts 
and is consistent with the guidance for directors on internal 
control issued by the Turnbull Committee.

The table below shows the number of Board meetings and 
Audit Committee and the Remuneration Committee meetings 
held in the period from 1 April 2019 to the date of approval of 
the Annual Report and Accounts. The table also show the 
attendance of each Director:

Director

Ken Ford
Andrew Wass
Chris Scott
Gareth Bevan
Dean Murray

Role

Non-Executive Chairman
CEO
CFO
CCO
NED

Board 
meetings

Audit 
Committee 
meetings

Remuneration 
Committee 
meetings

13/13
13/13
13/13
13/13
13/13

3/3

3/3

3/3

2/2

2/2

2/2

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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT
CONTINUED 

The Group’s internal financial control and monitoring 
procedures include:
•  clear responsibility on the part of line and financial 

management for the maintenance of good financial 
controls and the production of accurate and timely financial 
management information;
the control of key financial risks through appropriate 
authorisation levels and segregation of accounting duties;
•  a comprehensive budgeting process completed once a year 

• 

that is reviewed and approved by the Plc Board;

•  detailed monthly reporting of trading results including 

detailed profit and loss accounts, balance sheets and cash 
flows, with supporting variance analysis;
reporting on any non-compliance with internal financial 
controls and procedures; and
review of reports issued by the external auditor.

• 

• 

The Audit Committee on behalf of the Board reviews reports 
from the external auditor together with management’s 
response regarding proposed actions. In this manner they have 
reviewed the effectiveness of the system of internal controls for 
the period covered by the accounts.

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT
OVERVIEW
The Audit Committee (‘Committee’) is established by and is 
responsible to the Board. It has formally delegated duties and 
responsibilities and has written terms of reference. Its main 
responsibilities are:
• 

to monitor and be satisfied with the truth and fairness of the 
Group’s financial statements before submission to the Board 
for approval, ensuring their compliance with the appropriate 
accounting standards, the law, and the AIM Rules;
to monitor and review the effectiveness of the Group’s 
system of internal control;
to make recommendations to the Board in relation to the 
appointment of the external auditor and their remuneration, 
following appointment by the shareholders in general 
meeting, and to review and be satisfied with the auditor’s 
independence, objectivity and effectiveness on an ongoing 
basis; and
to implement the policy relating to any non-audit services 
performed by the external auditor.

• 

• 

• 

MEMBERSHIP OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
Dean Murray is the Chairperson of the Committee and the other 
member is Ken Ford, both of whom are Non-Executive Directors 
and have wide experience in regulatory and risk issues.

ROLE AND OPERATION OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
The Committee is authorised by the Board to seek and obtain 
any information it requires from any officer or employee of the 
Group, and to obtain external legal or other independent 
professional advice as is deemed necessary.

Meetings of the Committee are held at least twice per year and 
the auditor is invited to these meetings. The Committee meets 
early in the financial year to discuss and agree the scope for the 
forthcoming external audit, and again to review the findings of 
the external audit in relation to internal control and the financial 
statements. At this meeting, the Committee carries out a full 
review of the year-end financial statements and of the audit, 
using as a basis the Report to the Audit Committee prepared 
by the external auditor and taking into account any significant 
accounting policies, any changes to them and any significant 
estimates or judgements. Questions are asked of management 
of any significant or unusual transactions where the accounting 
treatment could be open to different interpretations.

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The Committee receives reports from management on the 
effectiveness of the system of internal controls. It also receives 
from the external auditor a report of matters arising during 
the course of the audit which the auditor deems to be of 
significance for the Committee’s attention. The statement on 
internal controls and the management of risk, which is included 
in the Annual Report, is approved by the Committee.

The 1998 Public Interest Disclosure Act (‘the Act’) aims to 
promote greater openness in the workplace and ensures 
‘whistleblowers’ are protected. The Group maintains a policy in 
accordance with the Act which allows employees to raise 
concerns on a confidential basis if they have reasonable 
grounds in believing that there is serious malpractice within the 
Group. The policy is designed to deal with concerns, which 
must be raised without malice and in good faith, in relation to 
specific issues which are in the public interest and which fall 
outside the scope of other Group policies and procedures. 
There is a specific complaints procedure laid down and action 
will be taken in those cases where the complaint is shown to be 
justified. The individual making the disclosure will be informed 
of what action is to be taken and a formal written record will be 
kept of each stage of the procedure.

The external auditor is required to give the Committee 
information about policies and processes for maintaining their 
independence and compliance regarding the rotation of audit 
partners and staff. The Committee considers all relationships 
between the external auditor and the Group to ensure that they 
do not compromise the auditor’s judgement or independence 
particularly with the provision of non-audit services.

EXTERNAL AUDITOR AND NON-AUDIT SERVICES
In FY20 Grant Thornton UK LLP were appointed auditors to the 
Company, replacing KPMG LLP.

Fees in relation to services provided by the external auditor in 
FY20 (Grant Thornton UK LLP) and FY19 (KPMG LLP) were:

Audit fee
Other fees

Total fees

FY20
£000

90
–

90

FY19
£000

75
–

75

The Committee is satisfied with the independence and 
objectivity of the auditors, Grant Thornton UK LLP.

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT
As an AIM listed Company, Gear4music (Holdings) plc is not 
required to comply with Schedule 8 to the Large and Medium-
sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) 
Regulations 2008.

MEMBERSHIP OF THE REMUNERATION COMMITTEE
During the year, the Remuneration Committee comprised Ken 
Ford and Dean Murray. They have no personal financial interest 
in the Group except for fees in relation to their holding of office 
and their shareholding as disclosed, with no potential conflict 
of interests and no day-to-day involvement of the Group.

The Remuneration Committee reviews the performance of the 
Executive Directors and makes recommendations to the Board 
on matters relating to remuneration, terms of service, granting 
of share options and other equity incentives. 

The Remuneration Committee meets at least twice a year.

 
 
 
 
 
 
REMUNERATION POLICY
The remuneration policy is designed to attract, retain and 
motivate high calibre executives to ensure the Group is 
managed successfully to the benefit of shareholders.

Their fees are reviewed annually and set in line with prevailing 
market conditions and at a level which will attract and retain 
individuals with the necessary experience and expertise to 
make a significant contribution to the Group’s affairs.

Share ownership is encouraged and all the Executives are 
interested in the share capital.

In setting remuneration levels, the Committee takes into 
consideration remuneration levels and practices in other 
companies of a similar size and in similar sectors.

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
Remuneration of the Non-Executive Directors is determined by 
the Executive Directors. Non-Executive Directors are not 
entitled to pensions beyond the required statutory minimum, 
annual bonuses or employee benefits, nor are they entitled to 
participate in share option arrangements relating to the 
Company’s shares.

Each of the Non-Executive Directors has a letter of appointment 
noting their appointment may be terminated with one  
month’s notice.

Executive 
Andrew Wass
Chris Scott
Gareth Bevan
Non-Executive 
Ken Ford
Dean Murray

Total

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS
Details of the Directors’ shareholdings are included in the 
Directors’ report on page 44.

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION
The normal remuneration arrangements for Executive 
Directors consist of basic salary and private medical insurance. 
The CEO is also entitled to a car allowance and a pension 
allowance. Four Directors including the CEO are enrolled in the 
Group workplace pension scheme.

All Executive Directors have service agreements terminable by 
the Company with six months’-notice.

The remuneration of each of the Directors for the year 
ended 31 March 2020 is set out below. In FY20 Andrew Wass 
took a six-month voluntary pay reduction in light of FY19 
financial performance. These values are included within the 
audited accounts.

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Basic salary 
£000

Benefits 
£000

Pensions 
£000

Total FY20 
(12 months) 
£000

Total FY19 
(13 months) 
£000

114
166
154

36
33

503

2
2
1

–
–

5

3
6
5

–
1

15

119
174
160

36
34

523

252
211
201

38
35

737

On 1 May 2019 life cover policies were put in place in relation to Gareth Bevan and Chris Scott, with their families as the beneficiaries. 

DIRECTORS’ SHARE OPTIONS

Executive

Scheme

1 April 
2019

Awarded during 
the period

Vested and 
exercised during 
the period

Andrew Wass

Chris Scott

Gareth Bevan

Director cash plan 2017 
LTIP

CSOP
LTIP

CSOP
LTIP

–
45,000

3,606
45,000

3,606
52,500

–
–

–
–

–
–

–
–

–
–

–
–

31 March 
2020

–
45,000

3,606
45,000

3,606
52,500

Date
 granted

June 2017
Nov 2018

June 2017
Nov 2018

June 2017
Nov 2018

EMI AND DIRECTOR CASH PLAN
An EMI share incentive plan for Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan 
and equivalent discretionary cash bonus plan for Andrew Wass, 
vested in full in June 2018. 

Chris Scott received a bonus of £24,553 and Gareth Bevan a 
bonus of £25,443 to cover the income tax, National Insurance 
and exercise price of the award. Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan 
both received 9,978 shares valued at £71,482 at that time. Andrew 
Wass exercised his entitlement under the Director cash plan to 
an equivalent award of £72,041, and this was settled in cash.

CSOP
There is a CSOP share incentive plan in place for Chris Scott 
and Gareth Bevan and equivalent discretionary cash bonus plan 
for Andrew Wass. The performance conditions have not been 
met and these Director options will lapse in FY21.

LTIP
In FY19 a new long-term incentive plan (‘LTIP’) involving 
Andrew Wass, Chris Scott, and Gareth Bevan was put in place 
and involved the issue of 210,000 ‘B’ Ordinary shares in 
Gear4music Limited, a subsidiary of the Company. These ‘B’ 
shares vest from 2021–26 and can be exchanged on a 
one-for-one basis for new Ordinary Company shares subject to 
meeting specified criteria, including reaching a specified target 
share price for 80% of the award, and pre-determined revenue 
and profitability targets for 20%. 

The initial subscription cost was covered by way of bonus and 
Andrew Wass, Chris Scott, and Gareth Bevan received bonuses 
of £7,217, £7,217 and £8,350 respectively.

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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS

PROVIDING
LEADERSHIP
TO THE GROUP

ERIC (KEN) FORD
CHAIRMAN AND  
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

ANDREW WASS
CHIEF EXECUTIVE  
OFFICER

CHRISTOPHER (CHRIS) SCOTT 
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER  
AND COMPANY SECRETARY 

Ken was previously Chief Executive of 
the quoted investment bank Teather 
& Greenwood. Ken brings over 36 
years of City experience and a strong 
understanding of shareholder value, 
strategic planning and corporate 
transactions. Ken is a former 
Chairman of the Quoted Companies 
Alliance (‘QCA’) and is a Fellow of 
the Chartered Securities Institute.

Ken is currently Chairman of AIM-quoted 
company SDI Group plc and a Non-
Executive Director of PrimaryBid Limited.

Andrew has over 20 years’ business 
management experience, having 
founded Gear4music Limited (then 
called Soundpro Limited) in 1995. In 
1998 he began selling IT systems for the 
audio recording market before launching 
‘Gear4music’ in 2003. Since then Andrew 
has retained overall responsibility for 
driving the Group’s growth.

Between 1992 and 1998, Andrew set up 
and ran his own recording studio 
business, having studied Popular Music 
and Sound Recording at the University of 
Salford. Andrew is a keen pianist.

Before joining Gear4music in October 
2012, Chris was the Finance Director  
at Officers Club, overseeing the sale of 
the business to Blue Inc. Chris joined 
KPMG LLP in Leeds in 1997, qualified  
as a Chartered Accountant in 2000 and 
went on to spend a further nine years  
in their advisory practice including  
a year on secondment at Barclays Bank. 
He holds an Executive Masters in 
Business Administration.

Ken is Chairman of the Remuneration 
Committee and a member of the  
Audit Committee.

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GARETH BEVAN 
CHIEF COMMERCIAL  
OFFICER

DEAN MURRAY
NON-EXECUTIVE  
DIRECTOR

Gareth joined Gear4music in July 2012. 
He was previously at DV247, the largest 
UK-based musical equipment retailer at 
that time, where he was responsible for 
purchasing, sales and marketing. He has 
21 years’ experience in musical 
equipment retail.

Dean joined the board of Gear4music  
in March 2012 as a Non-Executive 
Director and originally as Chairman. 
Dean is a Chartered Accountant.

Dean’s previous roles include former 
Chief Financial Officer and Chief 
Operating Officer of Myriad 
Childrenswear Group, and  
was recently Chairman of French 
Connection Group plc and the  
Neville Johnson Group.

Dean is currently Chairman of BHID 
Group Limited, Construction Materials 
Online Limited, Yumi International 
Limited, and Weird Fish Holdings Limited, 
and is a Director of M.S. Team Limited.

Dean is Chairman of the Audit 
Committee and a member of the 
Remuneration Committee.

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43

Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT

The Directors present their report and the audited financial 
statements for the year ended 31 March 2020.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY
The principal activity of the Group is the retail of musical 
instruments and equipment, through 20 Gear4music branded 
websites in 15 languages, and showrooms in York, Sweden and 
Germany. It retails own and other-brand products.

BUSINESS REVIEW AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
An overview of the Group’s operation is included in  
the Strategic Report section of the Annual Report and  
Accounts on pages 2 to 35. This report includes sections  
on strategy and markets and considers key risks and key 
performance indicators.

A review of the Group’s current operations and future 
developments is covered in the Chief Executive Officer’s and 
Chief Financial Officer’s reports.

FINANCIAL RESULTS
Details of the Group’s financial results and position are set out 
in the Consolidated Statement of Profit and Loss and Other 
Comprehensive Income, other primary statements and notes 
to the accounts on pages 52 to 79.

DIVIDENDS
The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend 
(FY19: nil).

GOING CONCERN
After making appropriate enquiries, the Directors have 
confidence that the Group has adequate resources to continue 
in operational existence for the foreseeable future. COVID-19 
created operational challenges alongside exceptionally strong 
trading for the first two months of FY21. For these reasons, 
they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing 
the Annual Report and Accounts. This is described in more 
detail in Note 1.

DIRECTORS
The Directors who served on the Board and on Board 
Committees during the year are set out on page 29 and  
pages 38 to 43. One-third of the Directors are required  
to retire at the Annual General Meeting and can offer 
themselves for re-election.

Information on Directors’ remuneration and share option rights 
is given in the Remuneration Committee report on page 41.

SIGNIFICANT SHAREHOLDERS
The Company is informed that at 31 May 2020, individual 
registered shareholdings of more than 3% of the Company’s 
issued share capital were as follows:

Andrew Wass
AXA Investment Mgrs
TB Amati Investment Funds
FIL Limited
Blackrock Investment Ltd
Octopus Investment Ltd
Canaccord Genuity Group Inc

Number of 
shares

% of issued 
share capital

7,161,993
2,486,419
1,269,789
1,144,767
978,742
841,039
799,968

34.2%
11.9%
6.1%
5.5%
4.7%
4.0%
3.8%

DIRECTORS’ SHAREHOLDINGS
The beneficial interests of the Directors in the share capital 
of the Company at 31 March 2019 and 31 March 2020 were 
as follows:

1 April 2019 
Number of 
shares

31 March 2020 
Number of 
shares

31 March 2020 
% of issued 
share capital

Executive Directors
Andrew Wass
Gareth Bevan 
Chris Scott
Non-Executive Directors
Dean Murray
Ken Ford

7,161,993
114,760
104,840

7,161,993
114,760
104,840

197,520
40,000

197,520
40,000

34.2%
0.6%
0.5%

1.0%
0.2%

In November 2018 a long-term incentive plan was announced 
involving Andrew Wass, Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan and three 
directors of Gear4music Limited. The plan involved the issue of 
210,000 ‘B’ Ordinary shares in Gear4music Limited that vest 
from 2021–26 and can be exchanged on a one-for-one basis 
for new Ordinary Company shares subject to meeting specified 
criteria, including reaching a specified target share price for 80% 
of the award, and pre-determined revenue and profitability 
targets for 20%.

All share option plans and are outlined in the Remuneration 
Committee report on page 41, and on pages 76 to 78.

The middle market price of the Company’s Ordinary shares on 
31 March 2020 was 172.5 pence (31 March 2019: 217.5 pence), 
and the range in the year was 142.5 pence to 280.0 pence, with 
an average price of 212.7 pence.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Group capitalised £2.8m during the year (FY19: £2.7m) 
of software development costs relating to the in-house 
e-commerce software platform. Amortisation of the software 
platform totalled £1.6m in the period (FY19: £1.2m).

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Group’s policy and exposure to financial instruments is set 
out in Note 18.

QUALIFYING THIRD-PARTY INDEMNITY
The Company has provided an indemnity for the benefit of its 
current Directors which is a qualifying third-party indemnity 
provision for the purpose of the Companies Act 2006.

EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT
It is the Group’s policy to involve employees in its progress, 
development and performance. Applications for employment 
by disabled persons are fully considered, bearing in mind the 
respective aptitudes and abilities of the applicants concerned. 
The Group is a committed equal opportunities employer and 
has engaged employees with broad backgrounds and skills. It is 
the policy of the Group that the training, career development 
and promotion of a disabled person should, as far as possible, 
be identical to that of a person who is fortunate enough not 
to suffer from a disability. In the event of members of staff 
becoming disabled, every effort is made to ensure that their 
employment with the Group continues.

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DONATIONS
During the year ended 31 March 2020 the Group made no 
donations (FY19: £nil).

SUPPLIER PAYMENT POLICY AND PRACTICE
The Group does not operate a standard code in respect of 
payments to suppliers. The Group agrees terms of payment 
with suppliers at the start of business and then makes payments 
in accordance with contractual and other legal obligations.

The number of creditor days outstanding at 31 March 2020 was 
24 days (31 March 2019: 27 days). This is a weighted average by 
invoice value, with reference to actual invoice and payment dates.

GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
The disclosures required under ‘Streamlined Energy and 
Reporting’ (‘SECR’) are included below, and insight into 
initiatives to reduce the direct environmental impact of the 
Group are detailed on page 31.

Year ended 
31 March 
2020

Period ended 
31 March 
2019

Scope 1 – Combustion of fuel and 
operation of facilities (kWh)

9,392

9,863

Scope 2 – Electricity, heat, steam, and 
cooling purchased for own use (kWh) 4,108,558

4,207,511

Total energy use (kWh)

4,117,950

4,217,374

CO2e equivalent (kg CO2e)

1,052,392

1,077,788

Intensity measurement – kg CO2e  
per customer order

0.93

0.98

Note: These emissions were calculated using the methodology set out in HM 
Government’s ‘Environmental Reporting Guidelines: Including streamlined energy and 
carbon reporting guidance’ (March 2019), and applies the conversion factors from Defra. 
This information has been prepared consistent with the guiding principles of the ‘Climate 
Disclosure Standards Board’ protocol. This information has not been independently 
audited. As required, only the impact of the Group’s direct activities have been included. 
All material sources of emissions are reported.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Details regarding the Group’s corporate governance 
arrangements as required by the Companies (Miscellaneous 
Reporting) Regulations 2018, are detailed in the Governance 
section included in this Annual Report.

AUDITOR
Following a tender process, Grant Thornton UK LLP were 
appointed auditors to the Company, replacing KPMG LLP.

A resolution for the reappointment of Grant Thornton UK LLP 
as auditor of the Company is to be proposed at the 
forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

By order of the Board

CHRIS SCOTT
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER 
22 June 2020

Registered office: Holgate Park Drive, York, YO26 4GN

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Strategic ReportCorporate GovernanceFinancial Statements 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES IN RESPECT OF THE 
ANNUAL REPORT AND THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report 
and the Group and Parent Company financial statements 
in accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare Group 
and Parent Company financial statements for each 
financial year. Under the AIM Rules of the London Stock 
Exchange they are required to prepare the Group financial 
statements in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union 
(‘IFRSs as adopted by the EU’) and applicable law and they 
have elected to prepare the Parent Company financial 
statements in accordance with UK accounting standards 
and applicable law (UK Generally Accepted Accounting 
Practice), including FRS 102 The Financial Reporting 
Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland.

Under company law the Directors must not approve the 
financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Parent 
Company and of their profit or loss for that period. In preparing 
each of the Group and Parent Company financial statements, 
the Directors are required to: 
•  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 

consistently; 

•  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable, 

• 

• 

relevant, reliable and prudent; 
for the Group financial statements, state whether they 
have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted 
by the EU; 
for the Parent Company financial statements, state whether 
applicable UK accounting standards have been followed, 
subject to any material departures disclosed and explained 
in the financial statements; 

•  assess the Group and Parent Company’s ability to continue 

as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related 
to going concern; and 

•  use the going concern basis of accounting unless they 

either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company 
or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to 
do so. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the Parent 
Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy 
at any time the financial position of the Parent Company and 
enable them to ensure that its financial statements comply with 
the Companies Act 2006. They are responsible for such internal 
control as they determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and have general 
responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to 
them to safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and 
detect fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors who held office at the date of approval of this 
Directors’ Report confirm that, so far as they are aware, there is 
no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditor is 
unaware and each Director has taken all the steps that he or 
she ought to have taken to make himself or herself aware of 
any relevant audit information and to establish that the 
Company’s auditor is aware of that information.

Under applicable law and regulations, the Directors are also 
responsible for preparing a Strategic Report and a Directors’ 
Report that complies with that law and those regulations. 
The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity 
of the corporate and financial information included on the 
Company’s website. Legislation in the UK governing the 
preparation and dissemination of financial statements may 
differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

ANDREW WASS
DIRECTOR
22 June 2020

CHRIS SCOTT 
DIRECTOR 
22 June 2020

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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF GEAR4MUSIC (HOLDINGS) PLC 

OPINION

OUR OPINION ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IS UNMODIFIED
We have audited the financial statements of Gear4music (Holdings) plc (‘the Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘group’) 
for the year ended 31 March 2020, which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive 
Income, the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated 
Statement of Cash Flows, the Company Balance Sheet, the Company Statement of Changes in Equity and notes to the financial 
statements and notes to the company balance sheet, each including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the group financial statements is applicable law and 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. The financial reporting framework that 
has been applied in the preparation of the Parent Company financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom 
Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and 
Republic of Ireland’ (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion:
• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s affairs as at 31 March 
2020 and of the group’s profit for the year then ended;
the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union;
the Parent Company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice; and
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

• 
• 

• 

BASIS FOR OPINION
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the ‘Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements’ 
section of our report. We are independent of the group and the Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that 
are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and 
we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we 
have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

THE IMPACT OF MACRO-ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTIES ON OUR AUDIT 
Our audit of the financial statements requires us to obtain an understanding of all relevant uncertainties, including those arising as a 
consequence of the effects of macro-economic uncertainties such as COVID-19 and Brexit. All audits assess and challenge the 
reasonableness of estimates made by the directors and the related disclosures and the appropriateness of the going concern basis 
of preparation of the financial statements. All of these depend on assessments of the future economic environment and the 
Group’s future prospects and performance.

COVID-19 and Brexit are amongst the most significant economic events currently faced by the UK, and at the date of this report 
their effects are subject to unprecedented levels of uncertainty, with the full range of possible outcomes and their impacts 
unknown. We applied a standardised firm-wide approach in response to these uncertainties when assessing the Group’s future 
prospects and performance. However, no audit should be expected to predict the unknowable factors or all possible future 
implications for a Group associated with these particular events.

CONCLUSIONS RELATING TO GOING CONCERN 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the ISAs (UK) require us to report to you where:
the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is not appropriate; or
• 
the directors have not disclosed in the financial statements any identified material uncertainties that may cast significant doubt 
• 
about the group’s or the Parent Company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting for a period of at 
least 12 months from the date when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

In our evaluation of the directors’ conclusions, we considered the risks associated with the group’s business model, including 
effects arising from macro-economic uncertainties such as COVID-19 and Brexit, and analysed how those risks might affect the 
group’s resources or ability to continue operations over the period of at least 12 months from the date when the financial 
statements are authorised for issue. In accordance with the above, we have nothing to report in these respects. 

However, as we cannot predict all future events or conditions and as subsequent events may result in outcomes that are 
inconsistent with judgements that were reasonable at the time they were made, the absence of reference to a material uncertainty 
in this auditor’s report is not a guarantee that the group will continue in operation.

OVERVIEW OF OUR AUDIT APPROACH
•  Overall materiality: £240,000, which represents 0.2% of revenue;
•  Key audit matters were identified as revenue recognition, capitalisation of internally 

generated development costs, valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets and 
Going Concern; and

•  We performed full scope audit procedures on the financial information of the significant 
group components Gear4music (Holdings) plc and Gear4music Limited. We performed 
analytical procedures on the non-significant components, Gear4music Sweden AB, 
Gear4music GmbH and Gear4music Norway AS. 

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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF GEAR4MUSIC (HOLDINGS) PLC  
CONTINUED

KEY AUDIT MATTERS
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to 
fraud) that we identified. These matters included those that had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy; the allocation of 
resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit 
of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these 
matters.

Key Audit Matter – Group

How the matter was addressed in the audit – Group

REVENUE RECOGNITION
Under ISA (UK) 240 there is a presumed risk that 
revenue may be misstated due to the improper 
recognition of revenue.

The risk is assessed to be in relation to manual 
adjustments to revenue in the year, being the sales 
cut off provision, the warranty income provision and 
the returns provision. We have assessed this risk to 
reside primarily within these revenues as there in an 
increased risk of error in these transactions due to the 
judgements applied by management. There is an 
increased risk that these revenues did not occur if 
they have been recognised through a manual journal 
process. 

In respect of revenue recognised for the sale of 
goods, there is a risk that revenue is recognised before 
the risks and rewards of ownership have transferred to 
the customer.

We therefore identified revenue recognition as a 
significant risk, which was one of the most significant 
assessed risks of material misstatement.

CAPITALISATION OF INTERNALLY GENERATED 
DEVELOPMENT COSTS 
The group capitalises internally generated 
development costs. In the year ended 31 March 2020 
£2.8m of these costs were capitalised within other 
intangible assets. 

There is a risk that the specific requirements under 
International Accounting Standard (IAS) 38 ‘Intangible 
Assets’ regarding capitalisation of internally generated 
intangible assets are not met, due to the judgements 
applied by management and that the gross book 
value is materially misstated.

We therefore identified capitalisation of internally 
generated development costs as a significant risk, 
which was one of the most significant assessed risks 
of material misstatement.

Our audit work included, but was not restricted to: 
•  Gaining an understanding of the design of the controls in place over 
significant revenue streams and performing a walkthrough test to 
confirm they were implemented as designed;

•  For a sample of months, testing the operating effectiveness of these 

controls

•  Evaluation of the group’s revenue recognition accounting policies for 

consistency with the requirements of IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts 
with Customers’; 

•  Testing a sample of revenue transactions across all material revenue 

streams and agreeing them invoice and proof of delivery to confirm that 
income has been appropriately recognised in accordance with the 
group’s accounting policy;

•  Analytical procedures comprising comparison of revenue from the sales 
of goods and provision of services with equivalent revenue in the prior 
year and budget and corroborating explanations from management for 
unusual and significant variances; 

•  Performing analysis of and sample tested credit notes raised throughout 
the year, and post year end, determining if these credit notes raised 
related to the reported year, and thus determine if the credit note 
provision in place was complete and accurate;

•  Reviewing and recalculating the warranty income adjustment, 

challenging management on the deferred income balance included in 
the financial statements; and

•  Performing cut off testing by sampling dispatches made close to the 

year end and agreeing through to proof of delivery to determine if the 
sale was recognised in the correct period. We have reviewed 
management’s cut off provision in combination with this testing to 
ensure it is complete and accurate.

The group’s accounting policy on revenue recognition is shown in Note 1.15 
to the financial statements and related disclosures are included in Note 2.

KEY OBSERVATIONS
Based on our work performed, we have not identified any material 
misstatements with respect to revenue recognition and manual 
adjustments to revenue, specifically the warranty, income and returns 
provisions. 

Our audit work included but was not restricted to:
•  Gaining an understanding of the design of the controls in place over the 
capitalisation of internally generated development costs and performing 
a walkthrough to confirm they were implemented as designed;

•  Challenging management’s capitalisation policy for intangible assets to 
ensure it is reasonable and in accordance with the relevant financial 
reporting framework; and

•  Testing on a sample basis the additions to intangible assets in the year to 

supporting documentation and evidencing that they have been 
appropriately capitalised;

The group’s accounting policies on capitalisation of internally generated 
development costs are shown in Notes 1.1 to the financial statements and 
related disclosures are included in Note 9 and Note 22.

KEY OBSERVATIONS
Based on our audit work, we have identified that the capitalisation of 
internally generated developments costs has been accounted for in 
accordance with the group’s accounting policies. We have not identified 
any material misstatements with respect to capitalisation of these costs.

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Key Audit Matter – Group

How the matter was addressed in the audit – Group

VALUATION OF GOODWILL AND OTHER 
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The group records goodwill and other intangible 
assets of £9.1m as at 31 March 2020. 

Management has undertaken its annual impairment 
review by determining the recoverable amount which 
is the higher of value in use and fair value less costs of 
disposal. Management have calculated value in use 
using a discounted cash flow model, allowing for the 
uncertain macro-economic environment. There are 
significant judgements in these calculations including 
forecasting future operating cash flows and 
estimating the discount rate used.

We therefore identified valuation of goodwill and 
other intangible assets as a significant risk, which was 
one of the most significant assessed risks of material 
misstatement.

Our audit work included, but was not restricted to: 
•  Gaining an understanding of the design of the controls in place over the 
impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets and ensuring that 
they were implemented as designed;

•  For intangible assets, excluding goodwill, challenging management’s 

assessment of their useful economic lives, developing an expectation of 
amortisation expense for the year and comparing against the 
amortisation charge recorded in the financial statements; 

•  Challenging the assumptions included within management’s calculation 
of the value in use, which included gaining an understanding of the key 
factors and judgements applied in determining future revenues, altered 
appropriately to allow for possible future impacts of the COVID-19 
pandemic;

•  Challenging the number of the CGUs and the allocation of assets to 

the CGUs;

•  Challenging of the discount rates and growth rates used in the model; 

and

•  Performance of sensitivity analysis on the forecast cash flows and their 

impact on the carrying value of the intangible assets.

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GOING CONCERN
As stated in ‘the impact of macro-economic 
uncertainties on our audit’ section of our report, 
COVID-19 is one of the most significant economic 
events currently faced by the UK, and at the date of 
this report its effects are subject to unprecedented 
levels of uncertainty. This event could adversely 
impact the future trading performance of the 
company and as such increases the extent of 
judgement and estimation uncertainty associated 
with management’s decision to adopt the going 
concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the 
financial statements. 

As such we identified going concern as a significant 
risk, which was one of the most significant assessed 
risks of material misstatement.

The group’s accounting policies on valuation of goodwill and other 
intangible assets are shown in Notes 1.9 to 1.12 to the financial statements 
and related disclosures are included in Note 9.

KEY OBSERVATIONS
Based on our audit work, we have identified that the valuation of goodwill 
and other intangible assets was accounted for in accordance with the 
group’s accounting policies. We have not identified any material 
misstatements in the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets. 

We undertook procedures to evaluate management’s assessment of the 
impact of COVID-19 on the Group’s Going Concern status. Our audit work 
included, but was not restricted to:
•  Obtaining management’s forecasts covering the period to June 2021, 

including their assessment of the impact of COVID-19;
•  Evaluating the key assumptions applied in the forecast for 

reasonableness and determined whether they had been applied 
appropriately. We also considered whether the assumptions are 
consistent with our understanding of the business and with current 
lockdown restriction guidance;

•  Requesting that management prepare additional sensitised forecasts to 
model a range of downside scenarios and assessing these sensitised 
forecasts for reasonableness;

•  Obtaining confirmation that borrowing facilities have been renewed 

post year end;

•  Assessing management’s determination of the impact of potential 

mitigating factors;

•  Assessing the reliability of management’s forecasting by comparing the 
accuracy of actual historical financial performance to historic forecast 
information; and

•  Assessing the adequacy of the going concern disclosures included 

within the Financial Statements.

KEY OBSERVATIONS
Based on the procedures performed, we have not identified any issues 
regarding management’s assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on the 
Group’s Going Concern status. 

We have not identified any key audit matters relating to the audit of the financial statements of the Parent Company.

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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF GEAR4MUSIC (HOLDINGS) PLC  
CONTINUED

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY
We define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement in the financial statements that makes it probable that the economic 
decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable person would be changed or influenced. We use materiality in determining the nature, 
timing and extent of our audit work and in evaluating the results of that work.

Materiality was determined as follows:

Materiality measure

Group

Parent

Financial statements as a 
whole

Performance materiality 
used to drive the extent of 
our testing

£240,000 which is 0.2% of revenue. The 
revenue benchmark is considered the most 
appropriate because it is a key performance 
indicator for the group’s stakeholders and is less 
volatile than profit during the Group’s growth 
phase.

£239,000 which is 1.6% of the Parent Company’s 
total assets, capped at component materiality. 
This benchmark is considered the most 
appropriate because the activities of the Parent 
Company are primarily those of a holding 
company and its major activities relate to holding 
investments in the group’s subsidiaries.

70% of financial statement materiality.

70% of financial statement materiality.

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Communication of 
misstatements to the audit 
committee

£12,000 and misstatements below that 
threshold that, in our view, warrant reporting on 
qualitative grounds.

£11,900 and misstatements below that threshold 
that, in our view, warrant reporting on qualitative 
grounds.

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF OUR AUDIT
Our audit approach was a risk-based approach founded on a thorough understanding of the group’s business, its environment and 
risk profile and in particular included:
•  documenting our understanding of and evaluating the processes and controls relevant to the key audit matters outlined above;
•  evaluation by the group audit team of identified components to assess the significance of that component and to determine the 
planned audit response based on a measure of materiality, considering each as a percentage of the group’s total assets, liabilities, 
revenues and profit before tax;

•  performing full scope audit procedures on the financial information of the Parent Company, Gear4music (Holdings) plc, and the 
group’s largest subsidiary, Gear4music Limited. The financial information of the group’s overseas subsidiaries were subject to 
analytical procedures;

The components subject to a comprehensive audit approach represent 99% of group revenue, with the components subject to 
analytical procedures representing 1% of group revenue. The accounting functions are performed centrally for all group 
components subject to full scope audit procedures and all such procedures have been undertaken by the group audit team. 

OTHER INFORMATION
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Annual 
Report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not 
cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or 
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we 
are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the 
other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard.

OUR OPINION ON OTHER MATTERS PRESCRIBED BY THE COMPANIES ACT 2006 IS UNMODIFIED
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
• 

the information given in the Strategic Report and the report of the directors for the financial year for which the financial 
statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the Strategic Report and the report of the directors have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

• 

MATTERS ON WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED TO REPORT UNDER THE COMPANIES ACT 2006
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the Parent Company and its environment obtained in the course 
of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the report of the directors.

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MATTERS ON WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED TO REPORT BY EXCEPTION
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to 
you if, in our opinion:
•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 

received from branches not visited by us; or
the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

• 
•  certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS FOR THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As explained more fully in the statement of directors’ responsibilities for the financial statements set out on page 46, the directors 
are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such 
internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and the Parent Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so.

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a 
high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material 
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial 
statements.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s 
website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

USE OF OUR REPORT
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to 
state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for 
the opinions we have formed.

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MARK OVERFIELD BSC FCA
SENIOR STATUTORY AUDITOR
for and on behalf of Grant Thornton UK LLP
Statutory Auditor, Chartered Accountants
Leeds

22 June 2020

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT AND LOSS 
AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Revenue 
Cost of sales

Gross profit
Administrative expenses

Operating profit/(loss)
Financial expenses

Profit/(loss) before tax 
Taxation 

Profit/(loss) for the period
Other comprehensive income
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:
Revaluation of property, plant and equipment
Deferred tax movements
Items that are or may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Foreign currency translation differences – foreign operations
Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the period

Basic profit/(loss) per share
Diluted profit/(loss) per share

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

120,326
(89,170)

31,156
(27,089)

118,155
(91,239)

26,916
(26,927)

4,067
(989)

3,078
(488)

2,590

309
(93)

(37)
2,769

12.4p
12.2p

(11)
(598)

(609)
446

(163)

–
(89)

(9)
(261)

(0.8p)
(0.8p)

Note

3,4

6

7

8
11

5
5

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Right-of-use assets
Intangible assets

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets

Current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 
Trade and other payables
Lease liabilities

Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Other payables
Lease liabilities
Deferred tax liability

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity
Share capital
Share premium
Foreign currency translation reserve
Revaluation reserve
Retained earnings

Total equity 

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Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

Note

8
8
9

12
13
14

15
16
17

15
16
17
11

19
19
19
19
19

11,219
8,962
9,084

29,265

22,015
2,501
7,839

32,355

61,620

10,766
–
7,827

18,593

18,661
1,657
5,304

25,622

44,215

(9,949)
(14,442)
(1,148)

(8,555)
(11,533)
–

(25,539)

(20,088)

(3,439)
(107)
(9,519)
(1,407)

(4,272)
(263)

(885)

(14,472)

(5,420)

(40,011)

(25,508)

21,609

18,707

2,095
13,152
(34)
1,674
4,722

21,609

2,095
13,152
3
1,424
2,033

18,707

Notes 1 to 22 form part of these financial statements.

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 June 2020 and were signed on its behalf by:

ANDREW WASS
DIRECTOR
22 June 2020

Company registered number: 07786708

CHRIS SCOTT
DIRECTOR
22 June 2020 

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

Balance at 28 February 2018

2,087

13,055

12

1,424

2,307

18,885

Share  
capital
£000

Share 
premium
£000

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve
£000

Revaluation 
reserve
£000

Retained 
earnings
£000

Total 
equity
£000

Loss for the period
Other comprehensive income
Issue of shares net of expenses
Share-based payments charge
Deferred tax adjustment re: share-based payments

Balance at 31 March 2019

Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income
Freehold property revaluation
Deferred tax impact of revaluation
Share-based payments charge

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Balance at 31 March 2020

–
–
8
–
–

–
–
97
–
–

2,095

13,152

–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–

2,095

13,152

–
(9)
–
–
–

3

–
(37)
–
–
–

(34)

–
–
–
–
–

(163)
–
–
(22)
(89)

(163)
(9)
105
(22)
(89)

1,424

2,033

18,707

–
–
309
(59)
–

2,590
(34)
–
–
133

2,590
(71)
309
(59)
133

1,674

4,722

21,609

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

Cash flows from operating activities
Profit/(loss) for the period
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation
Financial expense 
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment
Share-based payment charge
Taxation

Decrease/(increase) in trade and other receivables
Increase in inventories
Increase in trade and other payables

Tax paid

Net cash from operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
Capitalised development expenditure
Acquisition of a business

Net cash from investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Cash from share issue
Proceeds from new borrowings
Interest paid
Repayment of borrowings
Payment of lease liabilities

Net cash from financing activities

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 
Foreign exchange gains

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

Note

2,590

(163)

3,8,9
6

7

13
12
16

7

8
9
9

15

14

3,687
989
11
133
488

7,898
(844)
(3,354)
3,273

6,973
501

7,474

50
(740)
(2,820)
(400)

2,293
349
34
(22)
(446)

2,045
1,047
(1,606)
497

1,983
593

2,576

–
(1,785)
(2,703)
(400)

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2
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(3,910)

(4,888)

–
1,565
(806)
(546)
(1,205)

(992)

2,572
5,304
(37)

7,839

105
5,030
(352)
(593)
(105)

4,085

1,773
3,540
(9)

5,304

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NOTES
(FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)

GENERAL INFORMATION
Gear4music (Holdings) plc is a public limited company, is incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom, and is listed on the 
Alternative Investment Market (‘AIM’) of the London Stock Exchange. 

The Group financial statements consolidate those of the Company and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as ‘the Group’). 
The Parent Company financial statements present information about the Company as a separate entity and not about its Group.

The principal activity of the Group is the retail of musical instruments and equipment. 

The registered office of Gear4music (Holdings) plc (company number: 07786708), Gear4music Limited (company number: 
03113256) and Cagney Limited (dormant subsidiary; company number: 04493300) is Holgate Park Drive, York, YO26 4GN.

The Group has two trading European subsidiaries: Gear4music Sweden AB and Gear4music GmbH, and one dormant European 
subsidiary, Gear4music Norway AS. All three are 100% subsidiaries of Gear4music Limited. 

1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES
1.1 BASIS OF PREPARATION 
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the AIM rules for Companies, and apply the recognition, 
measurement and disclosure requirements of International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU (‘Adopted IFRSs’) 
and make amendments where necessary in order to comply with Companies Act 2006. The Company has elected to prepare its 
Parent Company financial statements in accordance with FRS 102; these are presented on pages 80 to 86. 

The Group’s accounting policies are set out below and have been applied consistently in the consolidated financial statements, 
except in relation to IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ as detailed below in Note 1.2. 

Subjective judgements made by the Directors in the application of these accounting policies that could have significant effect on 
the financial statements are considered in Note 22. 

Accounting period
The financial statements presented cover the year ended 31 March 2020 and the 13-month period ended 31 March 2019.

Measurement convention
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for land and buildings that are stated at their fair value.

1.2 ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED STANDARDS
Various new or revised accounting standards have been issued which are not yet effective. 

The key standard affecting the Group is IFRS 16 Leases that is applicable to the Group for the year ending 31 March 2020 and was 
not early adopted by the Group.

IFRS 16 ‘Leases’
Overview
The Group has adopted IFRS 16 for accounting periods commencing 1 April 2019 replacing IAS 17 and applied the modified 
retrospective approach. Comparative figures have not been restated.

IFRS 16 impacts the Group’s consolidated financial statements by recognising right-of-use assets representing its right to use the 
underlying assets and a corresponding lease liability representing its obligation to make lease payments.

Under IAS 17, the Group recognised operating lease expenses on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, and recognised 
assets and liabilities only to the extent that there was a timing difference between actual lease payments and the expense 
recognised. Lease incentives received or paid were recognised as an integral part of the total lease expense over the term of the 
lease. Rent prepayments were disclosed within prepayments, and deferred income in respect of landlord incentives on property 
leases was disclosed within trade and other payables. 

Under IFRS 16 right-of-use assets are initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any 
lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date and any lease incentives received or premiums paid. The right-of-
use asset is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease. Lease liabilities are measured at the present value of the 
remaining lease payments, discounted at an incremental borrowing rate which reflects the characteristics of the underlying assets at 
1 April 2019. Interest is recognised on the lease liability, resulting in a higher interest expense in the earlier years of the lease term.

Under IFRS 16, rent charges are replaced by a depreciation charge for the right-of-use asset and an interest expense on the lease 
liability. The total expense recognised in the Income Statement over the life of the lease is unaffected by the new standard.

There is no impact on cash flows, although the presentation of the Cash Flow Statement has changed with an increase in cash 
flows from operating activities being offset by an increase in cash flows from financing activities.

The Group has four leased properties (in York, Manchester, Sweden and Germany). The impact of adopting IFRS 16 is as follows:

Transition to IFRS 16
On transition to IFRS 16 the range of incremental borrowing rates applied to lease liabilities recognised under IFRS 16 were:
Properties  

3.9–4.2%

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1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES CONTINUED
1.2 ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED STANDARDS CONTINUED
The following is a reconciliation of the financial statement line items from IAS 17 to IFRS 16 at 1 April 2019:

Property, plant and equipment
Lease liabilities

IAS 17
Carrying  
amount at  
31 March 2019 
£000

10,766
(453)

10,313

Reclassification 
£000

Remeasurement 
£000 

10,177
(10,983)

(806)

–
–

–

IFRS 16  
Carrying  
amount at  
1 April 2019
£000

20,943
(11,436)

9,507

The following is a reconciliation of total operating lease commitments at 31 March 2019 (as disclosed in the financial statements to 
31 March 2019) to the lease liabilities recognised at 1 April 2019:

Total operating lease commitments disclosed at 31 March 2019

Impact of discounting
Finance lease obligations (Note 15)

Total lease liabilities recognised under IFRS 16 at 1 April 2019

Notes relating to IFRS 16 are included at 1.2, 8, 15 and 17.

£000

12,748

(1,765)
453

11,436

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1.3 GOING CONCERN
The Group’s business activities and position in the market are described in the Strategic Report. 

An assessment of the Group’s prospects and viability is detailed in the Strategic Report on page 36.

Having duly considered all of these factors and having reviewed the forecasts for the coming year, the Directors have a reasonable 
expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue trading for the foreseeable future, and as such continue to adopt 
the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.

1.4 BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION
Subsidiaries
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns 
from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. In assessing control, 
the Group takes into consideration potential voting rights that are currently exercisable. The acquisition date is the date on which 
control is transferred to the acquirer. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements 
from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases.

Transactions eliminated on consolidation
Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, are eliminated.

1.5 FOREIGN CURRENCY
International transactions that are denominated in foreign currencies are recorded in the respective foreign currencies, and translated 
into the functional currency of the Group, Sterling, at the exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Translational accounting 
gains and losses are recognised in the income statement in the period they arise.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are retranslated to the functional 
currency at the exchange rate ruling at that date. Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognised in the income 
statement. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated 
using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. 

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on consolidation, are translated 
to the Group’s presentational currency, Sterling, at foreign exchange rates ruling at the balance sheet date. The revenues and 
expenses of foreign operations are translated at an average rate for the year where this rate approximates to the foreign exchange 
rates ruling at the dates of the transactions. Exchange differences arising from this translation of foreign operations are reported as 
an item of other comprehensive income and accumulated in the translation reserve.

Functional currency
The consolidated financial statements are presented in Sterling which is the Group’s functional currency.

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1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES CONTINUED
1.6 CLASSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS ISSUED BY THE GROUP
In accordance with IAS 32, financial instruments issued by the Group are treated as equity only to the extent that they meet the 
following two conditions: 
(a)  they include no contractual obligations upon the Company (or Group as the case may be) to deliver cash or other financial 

assets or to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that are potentially unfavourable 
to the Company (or Group); and 

(b) where the instrument will or may be settled in the Company’s own equity instruments, it is either a non-derivative that includes 
no obligation to deliver a variable number of the Company’s own equity instruments or is a derivative that will be settled by the 
Company exchanging a fixed amount of cash or other financial assets for a fixed number of its own equity instruments.

To the extent that this definition is not met, the proceeds of issue are classified as a financial liability. Where the instrument so 
classified takes the legal form of the Company’s own shares, the amounts presented in this financial information for called up share 
capital and share premium account exclude amounts in relation to those shares. 

1.7 NON-DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Non-derivative financial instruments comprise investments, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, loans and 
borrowings, and trade and other payables.

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Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables are recognised initially at transaction price. Subsequent to initial recognition they are measured at 
amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any expected credit losses. The Directors have concluded that any such 
credit losses are immaterial.

Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are measured at amortised cost 
using the effective interest method.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an 
integral part of the Group’s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose only of 
the cash flow statement. 

Interest-bearing borrowings
Interest-bearing borrowings are recognised initially at fair value less attributed transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, 
interest-bearing borrowings are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

1.8 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Certain classes of property, plant and equipment as stated below are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated 
impairment losses.

Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of 
property, plant and equipment.

Depreciation is charged to the income statement on either a straight-line basis or a reducing balance basis over the estimated 
useful lives of each part of an item of property, plant and equipment. The estimated useful lives are as follows:
•  Plant and equipment 
•  Fixtures and fittings 
•  Motor vehicles 
•  Computer equipment 
•  Freehold land and buildings 

4–5 years’ straight-line
20–25% on reducing balance
25% on reducing balance
3–5 years’ straight-line
50-years straight-line

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each balance sheet date. 

Assets held under lease are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets.

Land and buildings are stated at fair value.

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES CONTINUED
1.8 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT CONTINUED
Revaluation
Revaluations are made with reference to independent, third-party professional inspection of the site. Independent valuations will be 
sought on a regular basis such that the carrying value does not materially differ from its fair value.

Surpluses which arise from the revaluation exercise are included within other comprehensive income (in the revaluation reserve) 
unless they are reversing a revaluation adjustment which has been recognised in the income statement previously; in which case 
an amount equal to a maximum of that recognised in the income statement previously is recognised in income. 

Where the revaluation exercise gives rise to a deficit, this is reflected directly within the income statement, unless it is reversing a 
previous revaluation surplus against the same asset; in which case an amount equal to the maximum of the revaluation surplus is 
recognised within other comprehensive income (in the revaluation reserve).

1.9 BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
All business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method. Business combinations are accounted for using 
the acquisition method as at the acquisition date, which is the date on which control is transferred to the Group. 

The Group measures goodwill at the acquisition date as:
the fair value of the consideration transferred; plus 
• 
the fair value of the existing equity interest in the acquiree; less
• 
the net recognised amount (generally fair value) of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. 
• 

Costs related to the acquisition are expensed as incurred.

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Goodwill impairment testing
Goodwill is not amortised but tested annually for impairment. For the purpose of impairment testing, the goodwill is allocated to 
cash-generating units, or (‘CGU’). Subject to an operating segment ceiling test, for the purposes of goodwill impairment testing, 
CGUs to which goodwill has been allocated are aggregated so that the level at which impairment is tested reflects the lowest level 
at which goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes. 

1.10 INTANGIBLE ASSETS 
Software platform
Computer software development costs that generate economic benefits beyond one year and meet the development asset 
recognition criteria as laid out in IAS 38 ‘Intangible Assets’, are capitalised as intangible assets.

These costs include the payroll costs of employees directly associated with the development of the software platform, and other 
direct external material and service costs. Costs are capitalised only where there is an identifiable development that will bring future 
economic benefit. All other website and maintenance costs are expensed in the statement of comprehensive income.

Capitalised software development costs are amortised over their estimated useful lives and charged to administrative expenses in 
the statement of comprehensive income. 

Other intangible assets
Expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands is recognised in the income statement as an expense as incurred.

Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and less accumulated 
impairment losses.

Amortisation
Amortisation is charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets from the 
date they are available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows:
•  Brand  
•  Software platform 

10 years; and
3–8 years

1.11 INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value (‘NRV’). Cost is based on the first-in first-out principle and includes 
expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories and other costs in bringing them to their existing location and condition. Stock is 
neither fashionable nor perishable.

A provision is made in respect of inventories as follows:
•  100% against returns stock found to be faulty that is retained to be used for spare parts on the basis there is no direct NRV value; and 
•  a provision for the expected product loss on dealing with returns stock.

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1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES CONTINUED
1.12 IMPAIRMENT EXCLUDING INVENTORIES AND DEFERRED TAX ASSETS
Financial assets (including receivables)
A financial asset not carried at fair value through profit or loss is assessed at each reporting date to determine whether there is 
objective evidence that it is impaired. A financial asset is impaired if objective evidence indicates that a loss event has occurred after 
the initial recognition of the asset, and that the loss event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that 
can be estimated reliably.

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortised cost is calculated as the difference between its carrying 
amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows. The effect of discounting is not material. When a subsequent 
event causes the amount of impairment loss to decrease, the decrease in impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss.

Non-financial assets
The carrying amounts of the Group’s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each 
reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable 
amount is estimated. For goodwill, the recoverable amount is estimated each year at the same time.

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in 
use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market 
assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. 

For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of 
assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of 
assets (the ‘cash-generating unit’). The goodwill acquired in a business combination, for the purpose of impairment testing, is 
allocated to CGUs. Subject to an operating segment ceiling test, for the purposes of goodwill impairment testing, CGUs to which 
goodwill has been allocated are aggregated so that the level at which impairment is tested reflects the lowest level at which 
goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to groups of CGUs 
that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.

An impairment loss would be recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. 
No impairments have been recognised in the periods presented.

1.13 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution pension plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a 
separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined 
contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense in the income statement in the periods during which services are 
rendered by employees. 

Share-based payment transactions
Share-based payment arrangements in which the Group receives goods or services as consideration for its own equity instruments 
are accounted for as equity-settled share-based payment transactions, regardless of how the equity instruments are obtained by 
the Group.

The grant date fair value of share-based payment awards granted to employees is recognised as an employee expense, with a 
corresponding increase in equity, over the period that the employees become unconditionally entitled to the awards. The fair value 
of the options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes model or a Monte Carlo simulation model, taking into account the 
terms and conditions upon which the options were granted. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual 
number of awards for which the related service and non-market vesting conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount 
ultimately recognised as an expense is based on the number of awards that do meet the related service and non-market 
performance conditions at the vesting date. 

Share-based payment transactions in which the Group receives goods or services by incurring a liability to transfer cash or other 
assets that is based on the price of the Group’s equity instruments are accounted for as cash-settled share-based payments. The 
fair value of the amount payable to employees is recognised as an expense, with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the 
period in which the employees become unconditionally entitled to payment. The liability is remeasured at each balance sheet date 
and at settlement date. Any changes in the fair value of the liability are recognised as personnel expense in profit or loss.

1.14 PROVISIONS
A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past 
event, that can be reliably measured and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. 
Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects risks specific to the liability.

1.15 REVENUE
Product sales and carriage income
To determine whether to recognise revenue, the Group follows a five-step process: 
1 
2 
3  Determining the transaction price 
4  Allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations 
5  Recognising revenue when/as performance obligation(s) are satisfied

Identifying the contract with a customer 
Identifying the performance obligations 

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES CONTINUED
1.15 REVENUE CONTINUED
Revenue is recognised either at a point in time or over time, when (or as) the Group satisfies performance obligations by transferring 
the promised goods to its customers.

Revenue from the sale of goods and carriage income are recognised when the customer receives the goods ordered at which 
point title and risk passes to third parties and revenue can be reliably measured. 

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received, including freight charges and duty where applicable, excluding 
discounts, rebates, VAT and other sales taxes or duty. Returns are dealt with on receipt of the product into the warehouse which 
triggers an automatic credit, and an estimate for returns is provided for at the year end. This balance is held within accruals and 
deferred income (Note 16). The value of inventory for sales returns is included in inventory at the year end (Note 12).

Other revenue 
Warranty income is recognised ‘over time’ under IFRS 15, by assuming an inputs method that measures progress by reference to 
costs incurred towards satisfying that performance obligation as compared to the total expected costs. A contract liability is 
recognised for consideration received in respect of unsatisfied performance obligations as deferred income in the statement of 
financial position (Note 16).

The Group offers retail point of sale credit on orders over £50, through agreements with external credit providers. The Group does not 
retain any credit risk and commissions are recognised within revenue on recognition of the credit sale. In the year ended 31 March 
2020 this income totalled £285,000 (FY19: £240,000). No discount is offered on any sales made through these credit providers.

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1.16 EXPENSES
Finance lease payments
Minimum lease payments are apportioned between the finance charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance 
charge is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining 
balance of the liability.

Exceptional items
Items which are significant by virtue of their size or nature and which are considered to be non-recurring are classified as 
exceptional operating items. Such items are included within the appropriate consolidated income statement category but are 
highlighted separately in the notes to the financial information. Exceptional operating items are excluded from the profit measures 
used by the Board to monitor and measure the underlying performance of the Group.

Government and other forms of grant
Government and other grants from third parties are recognised where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received 
and all attached conditions will be complied with. When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognised as a reduction in the 
costs incurred, on a systematic basis over the periods that the costs, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed. Where 
the grant relates to an asset, it is recognised on a systematic basis over the UEL of the related asset.

Financing income and expenses
Financing expenses comprise interest payable and leases recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method, unwinding 
of the discount on provisions, and net foreign exchange losses that are recognised in the income statement (see foreign currency 
accounting policy). Financing income comprises interest receivable on funds invested and net foreign exchange gains. 

Interest income and interest payable is recognised in profit or loss as it accrues, using the effective interest method. 

1.17 TAXATION
Tax on the profit or loss for the period comprises current and deferred tax
Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the period, using tax rates enacted or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous periods.

Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting 
purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. A temporary difference on the initial recognition of goodwill is not provided 
for. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying amounts of 
assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the 
temporary difference can be utilised.

1.18 SEGMENTAL REPORTING
An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur 
expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of the Group’s other components. The Group’s 
Chief Operating Decision Maker (’CODM’) has been identified as the Board of Directors. 

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2 SEGMENTAL REPORTING
The Group’s revenue and profit was derived from its principal activity which is the sale of musical instruments and equipment. 

In accordance with IFRS 8 ‘Operating segments’, the Group has made the following considerations to arrive at the disclosure made 
in these financial statements. IFRS 8 requires consideration of the CODM within the Group. Operating segments have been 
identified based on the internal reporting information and management structures with the Group. Based on this information it has 
been noted that the CODM reviews the business as one segment and receives internal information on this basis. Therefore, it has 
been concluded that there is only one reportable segment.

Revenue by Geography

UK
Europe and Rest of the World

Administrative expenses by Geography

UK
Europe

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

61,821
58,505

63,672
54,483

120,326

118,155

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March 
2019
£000

24,562
2,527

27,089

24,113
2,814

26,927

The majority of Group assets are held in the UK except for local right-of-use assets and property, plant and equipment in Sweden 
(31 March 2020: £4.5m) and Germany (31 March 2020: £2.7m).

Revenue by Product category

Other-brand products
Own-brand products
Warranty income
Other

3 EXPENSES 
Included in profit/loss are the following:

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
Depreciation of right-of-use assets
Amortisation of intangible assets
Amortisation of government grants
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Rentals under operating leases – land and buildings 
Rentals – plant and machinery 
Auditor remuneration – audit of these financial statements
Auditor remuneration – audit of last year’s financial statements
Auditor remuneration – this year’s audit of financial statements of subsidiaries
Auditor remuneration – last year’s audit of financial statements of subsidiaries
Auditor remuneration – other
Release of rent accrual

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

79,416
35,432
337
5,141

82,125
31,289
296
4,445

120,326

118,155

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

909
1,215
1,563
8
11
–
23
40
–
50
–
–
–

1,039
–
1,254
37
34
1,425
8
–
30
–
45
–
(421)

Auditor remuneration in FY20 relates to Grant Thornton UK LLP; auditor remuneration in FY19 related to KPMG LLP.

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
4 STAFF NUMBERS AND COSTS
The average number of persons employed by the Group (including Directors) during the period, analysed by category,  
was as follows: 

Administration 
Selling and distribution

The aggregate payroll costs of these persons were as follows:

Wages and salaries
Equity-settled share-based payments (see Note 20)
Cash-settled share-based payments (see Note 20)
Social security costs
Contributions to defined contribution plans

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
Number

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
Number

179
287

466

184
247

431

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

7,736
133
53
1,167
659

9,748

8,146
(22)
(11)
954
480

9,547

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Directors’ remuneration is detailed in the Remuneration Report on page 41 which forms part of these financial statements, and 
disclosed in Note 3 of the Notes to the Company Financial Statements on page 84.

5 EARNINGS PER SHARE
Diluted profit per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to Ordinary shareholders by the weighted 
average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during the period plus the weighted average number of Ordinary shares that 
would be issued on the conversion of CSOP and LTIP dilutive potential Ordinary shares (see Note 20) into Ordinary shares.

Profit/(loss) attributable to equity shareholders of the Parent (£000)
Basic weighted average number of shares
Dilutive potential Ordinary shares

Diluted weighted average number of shares

Basic profit/(loss) per share
Diluted profit/(loss) per share

6 FINANCE INCOME AND EXPENSES

Fair value movement
Total finance income

Bank interest
IFRS 16 lease interest
Net foreign exchange loss
Unwinding of discount on deferred consideration

Total finance expense

Total net finance expense

Year ended  
31 March  
2020

Period ended  
31 March  
2019 

2,590
20,945,328
228,119 

(163)
20,926,717
–

21,173,447

20,926,717

12.4p
12.2p

(0.8p)
(0.8p)

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

5
5

33
33

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March 
2019
£000

389
442
144
19

994

989

352
–
249
30

631

598

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7 TAXATION
RECOGNISED IN THE INCOME STATEMENT

Current tax expense
UK corporation tax
Overseas corporation tax
Adjustments for prior periods 

Current tax expense/(credit)

Deferred tax expense
Origination and reversal of temporary differences
Deferred tax rate change impact
Adjustments for prior periods 

Deferred tax expense

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Total tax expense/(credit)

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

(77)
45
91

59

266
82
81

429

488

(584)
20
(29)

(593)

123
–
24

147

(446)

The corporation tax rate applicable to the Company was 19% for the year ended 31 March 2020, and 19% for the period ended 
31 March 2019. The Budget of 11 March 2020 reversed the expected reduction in corporation tax rate to 17% from 1 April 2020. 
The corporation tax rate has therefore remained at 19% and was substantively enacted on 17 March 2020. The deferred tax assets 
and liabilities at 31 March 2020 have been calculated based on that rate.

RECONCILIATION OF EFFECTIVE TAX RATE

Profit/(loss) for the period
Total tax charge/(credit)

Profit/(loss) excluding taxation

Current tax at 19% (2019: 19.0%)
Tax using the UK corporation tax rate for the relevant period:
Non-deductible expenses
Deferred tax rate change impact 
Adjustments relating to prior year – deferred tax
Adjustments relating to prior year – current tax
R&D claim additional deduction
Impact of overseas tax rate
Deferred tax assets not recognised

Total tax charge/(credit)

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March 
2019
£000

2,590
488

3,078

584
22
82
81
91
(420)
2
46

488

(163)
(446)

(609)

(116)
(1)
(15)
24
(29)
(252)
1
(58)

(446)

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
8 TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Cost
At 1 March 2018
Additions
Disposals

Balance at 31 March 2019 and 1 April 2019

Additions 
Disposals
Revaluation

Balance at 31 March 2020

Depreciation and impairment
At 1 March 2018
Depreciation charge for the year 
Disposals

Balance at 31 March 2019 and 1 April 2019

Depreciation charge for the period 
Disposals
Revaluation

Balance at 31 March 2020

Net book value as at 31 March 2020

Net book value as at 31 March 2019

Plant and 
equipment
£000

Fixtures and 
fittings
£000

Motor  
vehicles
£000

Computer 
equipment
£000

Land and 
buildings
£000

787
472
–

1,259

435
(62)
–

3,291
1,136
(43)

4,384

558
–
–

1,632

4,942

444
212
–

656

252
–
–

908

724

603

1,230
528
(14)

1,744

520
–
–

2,264

2,678

2,640

62
–
–

62

–
–
–

62

15
13
–

28

8
–
–

36

26

34

611
177
(10)

778

122
–
–

900

358
127
(5)

480

129
–
–

609

291

298

Total
£000

12,101
1,785
(53)

13,833

1,115
(62)
150

7,350
–
–

7,350

–
–
150

7,500

15,036

–
159
–

159

–
–
(159)

2,047
1,039
(19)

3,067

909
–
(159)

–

3,817

7,500

7,191

11,219

10,766

FREEHOLD PROPERTY REVALUATION
At 31 March 2020 the freehold office premises at Holgate Park were revalued at market value using information provided by an 
independent chartered surveyor. The valuation was carried out in accordance with the provisions of RICS Appraisal and Valuation 
Standards (‘The Red Book’). 

The appraisal was carried out using Level 3 observable inputs including prices for recent market transactions for similar properties 
and incorporates adjustments for factors specific to the property in question, including plot size, location, encumbrances and 
current use.

If the property had not been revalued in FY18 and FY20 the net book value would have been £5,324,000.

RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS
Assets leased under leases
At 31 March 2020, the net carrying amount of leased plant and equipment assets was £761,000 (31 March 2019: £526,000), and the 
accumulated depreciation against these leased assets was £193,000 (31 March 2019: £44,000).

Security
The Group’s bank borrowings are secured by fixed and floating charges over the Group’s assets.

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8 TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS CONTINUED
RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS CONTINUED
Leasehold properties
The Group has four leased properties: Distribution centres and showrooms in York, Sweden and Germany, and a software 
development office in Manchester.

As at 31 March 2020 the associated right-of-use assets are as follows:

Cost
Balance at 1 April 2019
Additions

Balance at 31 March 2020

Depreciation
At 1 April 2019
Depreciation charge for the year

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Notes relating to IFRS 16 are included at 1.2, 8, 15 and 17.

9 INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Cost
At 1 March 2018
Additions

Balance at 31 March 2019 and 1 April 2019

Additions

Balance at 31 March 2020

Amortisation
At 1 March 2018
Amortisation for the year

Balance at 31 March 2019 and 1 April 2019

Amortisation for the period

Balance at 31 March 2020

Net book value as at 31 March 2020

Net book value as at 31 March 2019

Land and 
buildings
£000

10,177
–

10,177

–
1,215

1,215

8,962

Total
£000

8,950
2,703

11,653

2,820

Goodwill
£000

Software 
platform
£000

1,848
–

1,848

–

6,538
2,703

9,241

2,820

Brand
£000

564
–

564

–

1,848

12,061

564

14,473

–
–

–

–

–

1,848

1,848

2,234
1,193

3,427

1,507

4,934

7,127

5,814

338
61

399

56

455

109

165

2,572
1,254

3,826

1,563

5,389

9,084

7,827

The amortisation charge is recognised in Administrative expenses profit and loss account.

GOODWILL
On 19 March 2012 goodwill arose on the acquisition of the entire share capital of Gear4music Limited (formerly known as Red 
Submarine Limited). 

On 1 January 2017 goodwill arose on the acquisition of a software development business from Venditan Limited, which effectively 
brought development of the Group’s proprietary software platform in-house. This transaction is detailed in the FY17 Annual Report.

Goodwill balances are denominated in Sterling:

Gear4music Limited
Software development business

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

417
1,431

1,848

417
1,431

1,848

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
9 INTANGIBLE ASSETS CONTINUED
IMPAIRMENT TESTING
In accordance with IAS 36 ‘Impairment of Assets’, the Group reviews the carrying value of its intangible assets. A detailed review 
was undertaken at 31 March 2020 to assess whether the carrying value of assets was supported by the net present value in use 
calculations based on cash flow projections from formally approved budgets and longer-term forecasts.

Intangible assets comprise goodwill, the Gear4music brand name, and the proprietary software platform.

A CGU is defined as the smallest group of assets that generate cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of 
the cash inflows of other assets or groups thereof. The Group is deemed to have a single CGU to which the goodwill, the software 
platform and the brand are allocated. An impairment review has been performed on this CGU. The recoverable amount of this 
CGU has been determined based on value-in-use calculations. In assessing value in use, a five-year forecast to 31 March 2025 
was used to provide cash flow projections that have been discounted at a pre-tax discount rate of 10% (2019: 10%). The cash flow 
projections are subject to key assumptions in respect of revenue growth, gross margin performance, overhead expenditure, 
and capital expenditure. Management has reviewed and approved the assumptions inherent in the model:
•  Revenue forecasts based on growth by geographical market, at a range of growth levels based on market size and estimate 

of opportunity, trends, and Management’s experience and expectation;

•  Product costs are assumed to be broadly flat and gross margins are forecast to slightly improve from 2020; and
•  Wage increases are a function of recruitment and a person-by-person review of current staff, with a range of % increases.

No impairment loss was identified in the current year (2019: £nil). The valuation indicates significant headroom and therefore a 
terminal growth rate assumption has not been needed to be applied in order to support the valuation of this CGU. A number of 
reasonable sensitivities were put through the model, including changes to the discount rate (15%) and the results did not result in 
an impairment of the related goodwill or other intangible assets.

10 INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES
The Company has the following investments in subsidiaries which are included in the consolidated results of the Group:

Subsidiaries

Registered office address

Registered number Class of shares held

Ownership

Gear4music Limited
Cagney Limited
Gear4music Sweden AB Metallvägen 45a, 195 72 Rosersberg, Stockholm 

Holgate Park Drive, York, YO26 4GN
Holgate Park Drive, York, YO26 4GN

03113256
04493300

Ordinary
Ordinary

100%
100% via G4M Ltd

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Gear4music GmbH
Gear4music Norway AS PO Box 2734, Solli, 0204 Oslo, Norway

County, Sweden
Lahnstraße 27, 45478 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany  HRB 29067
917 313 210

559070-4762 Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary

100% via G4M Ltd
100% via G4M Ltd
100% via G4M Ltd

All Group companies have 31 March financial year ends.

Investment in share capital is £4,550 in Sweden, £21,660 in Germany and £2,806 in Norway.

Cagney Limited and Gear4music Norway AS are dormant companies.

11 DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
MOVEMENT IN DEFERRED TAX DURING THE YEAR 

Property, plant and equipment
Short-term timing differences

Movement in deferred tax during the prior year 

Property, plant and equipment
Short-term timing differences
Share-based payments

Recognised in 
other 
comprehensive 
income
£000

(93)
–

(93)

Recognised in 
other 
comprehensive 
income
£000

–
–
(89)

(89)

At 1 April  
2019
£000

(908)
23

(885)

At 1 March  
2018
£000

(783)
32
102

(649)

Recognised  
in income
£000

At 31 March  
2020
£000

(413)
(16)

(429)

(1,414)
7

(1,407)

Recognised  
in income
£000

At 31 March 
 2019
£000

(125)
(9)
(13)

(147)

(908)
23
–

(885)

A deferred tax asset is not recognised with respect to historic losses in Gear4music (Holdings) plc (consistent basis to prior years). 
There are no tax losses carried forward in Gear4music Limited. 

Losses of £1,507,000 are carried forward at 31 March 2020, equating to an unrecognised asset of £286,000.

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12 INVENTORIES

Finished goods

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

22,015

18,661

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense and included in cost of sales in the period amounted to £81.6m (£83.4m in the 
period ended 31 March 2019). 

Management has included a provision of £80,000 (31 March 2019: £107,000), representing a 100% provision against returns stock 
subsequently found to be faulty, that is retained to be used for spare parts on the basis there is no direct NRV value, and a provision 
based on the expected product loss on dealing with returns stock.

13 TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables
Prepayments

Year ended 
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March 
2019
£000

1,651
850

2,501

856
801

1,657

CREDIT RISK AND IMPAIRMENT
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual 
obligations. The carrying amount of trade receivables represents the maximum credit exposure. The Group does not take collateral 
in respect of trade receivables.

Trade receivables comprise balances due from schools and colleges, and funds lodged with payment providers.

CUSTOMER RECEIVABLES
The Group faces low credit risk as customers typically pay for their orders in full on shipment of the product, with the only exception 
being a small number of education accounts with schools and colleges that have 30-day terms (1.9% of 2020 revenues; 1.8% of 
2019 revenues).

FUNDS LODGED WITH PAYMENT PROVIDERS
Funds lodged with Amazon, Digital River, Klarna and V12 Retail Finance totalled £215,000 on 31 March 2020 (31 March 2019: 
£128,000) and are included in Trade debtors. Credit risk in relation to cash held with financial institutions is considered low risk, 
given the credit rating of these organisations.

14 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents per balance sheet

Cash and cash equivalents per cash flow statements 

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

7,839

7,839

5,304

5,304

15 INTEREST-BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS
This note contains information about the Group’s interest-bearing loans and borrowing which are carried at amortised cost. 

Non-current liabilities 
Bank loans
Finance lease liabilities

Current liabilities 
Bank loans
Finance lease liabilities

Total liabilities 
Bank loans
Finance lease liabilities

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

3,439
–

3,439

9,949
–

9,949

3,990
282

4,272

8,384
171

8,555

13,388
–

13,388

12,374
453

12,827

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
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15 INTEREST-BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS CONTINUED
Bank loans comprise an import loan facility and term loans all provided by the Group’s bankers, HSBC, and are secured by fixed 
and floating charges over the Group’s assets. 

The interest rate on 140-day import loans drawn under the import loan agreement is 2.45% per annum over HSBC’s Sterling base 
rate, and on an overdraft if and when drawn, is 3.25% over base. Interest on import loans is paid at the maturity of the relevant loan. 
Interest on an overdraft would be paid monthly in arrears. Import loan and overdraft facilities were approved for renewal in June 
2020 for a 12-month period.

There are two term loans that were drawn around the time of the freehold property acquisition in 2017:
•  The first loan was for £3.73m and is a five-year loan with capital repayments scheduled over 20 years, and interest is 2.04% over 

LIBOR, and capital outstanding of £3.22m at 31 March 2020; and

•  The second loan was for £1.80m and is a five-year loan with interest of 2.85% over LIBOR, and capital outstanding of £0.81m at 

31 March 2020.

All borrowings are denominated in Sterling.

CHANGES IN LIABILITIES FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES DURING THE YEAR

Balance at 1 April 2019

Changes from financing cash flows 
Proceeds from loans and borrowings 
Repayment of borrowings 

Total changes from financing cash flows 

Other changes 
Interest expense (Note 6)
Interest paid 
Movement in interest accrual (included in accruals and deferred income – Note 16)
Fair value movement on loans

Total other changes 

Balance at 31 March 2020

CHANGES IN LIABILITIES FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES DURING THE PREVIOUS YEAR

Balance at 1 March 2018

Changes from financing cash flows 
Proceeds from loans and borrowings 
Repayment of borrowings 
Payment of finance lease liabilities 

Total changes from financing cash flows 

Other changes 
New finance leases 
Interest expense (Note 6)
Interest paid 
Movement in interest accrual (included in accruals and deferred income – Note 16)
Fair value movement on loans

Total other changes 

Balance at 31 March 2019

Notes relating to IFRS 16 are included at 1.2, 8, 15 and 17.

Loans and 
borrowings 
£000

12,374 

1,565 
(546) 

1,019 

380
 (355)
(25)
(5)

 (5)

13,388

Loans and 
borrowings 
£000

 Finance lease 
liabilities 
£000

Total
£000

8,506 

23

8,529

4,495 
(593) 
– 

3,902 

–
348
 (309)
(39)
(34)

 (34)

12,374

– 
– 
(105) 

(105) 

535
4
 (3)
(1)
–

535 

453

4,495 
(593) 
(105) 

3,797 

535
352
(312)
(40)
(34)

 501

12,827

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16 TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Current
Trade payables
Accruals and deferred income
Deferred consideration
Government grants
Other taxation and social security

Non-current
Accruals and deferred income
Deferred consideration
Government grants

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

10,090
1,686
197
8
2,461

14,442

99
–
8

107

7,464
1,915
393
8
1,753

11,533

61
186
16

263

Accruals at 31 March 2020 include £97,000 (FY19: £62,000) relating to the estimated cash bonuses accrued relating to the CSOP 
scheme, and Director Cash Plan (see Note 20).

Deferred consideration is due in relation to the acquisition of a software business in January 2017 and comprised 15 quarterly 
instalments of £100,000 payable on 1 January/April/July/October. At 31 March 2020 two quarterly instalments remain outstanding 
(31 March 2019: six). These amounts are valued in the accounts at fair value and subsequently amortised. 

Government grants are being spread over the useful economic life of the associated asset, and relate to Regional Growth Fund and 
Leeds City Enterprise Partnership grants towards the acquisition of various capital items. Grant conditions exist and are linked to job 
creation, and these criteria have been satisfied.

The Directors consider the carrying amount of other ‘trade and other payables’ to approximate their fair value. The interest expense 
of £19,000 (FY19: £30,000) in relation to the unwinding of the discount is disclosed in Note 6.

Accruals at 28 February 2018 included £446,000 of rent accrued but not paid, being the difference in cash paid and the average 
rent charge as expensed, as per the commercial agreement reached with the landlord of the leasehold distribution centre at Clifton 
Moor, York. On 21 March 2018 the Group entered into a new 15-year lease with a 10-year clean break clause and this accrual was 
released in full resulting in a £421,000 credit that is included in administrative expenses in the period ended 31 March 2019.

17 LEASE LIABILITIES
Lease liabilities are presented in the statement of financial position as follows:

Current
Non-current

Balance at 1 April 2019

Adoption of IFRS 16
Cash flows: 
Repayment
Proceeds

Total changes 

Balance at 31 March 2020

31 March 
2020 
£000

1,148
9,519

10,667

Lease  
liabilities  
£000

453

10,983

(1,205)
436 

(769) 

10,667

The Group has leases for plant and machinery and four properties. Each lease is reflected in the statement of financial position as 
a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The Group classifies its right-of-use assets in a consistent manner to its property, plant and 
equipment (see Note 8). 

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17 LEASE LIABILITIES CONTINUED
The table below describes the nature of the Group’s leasing activities by type of right-of-use asset recognised on balance sheet:

Right-of-use asset

Property
Plant and equipment

Number of 
right-of-use 
assets leased

Range of 
remaining 
term

Average 
remaining 
lease term

Number of 
leases with 
extension 
options

Number of 
leases with 
options to 
purchase

Number of  
leases with 
termination 
options

4
10

2–9yrs
1.5–3yrs

6.5yrs
2yrs

–
–

–
10

1
–

The lease liabilities are secured by the related underlying assets. Future minimum lease payments at 31 March 2020 were as follows:

Lease payments
Finance charge

Net present value

Notes relating to IFRS 16 are included at 1.2, 8, 15 and 17.

Within 1 year 
£000

1–5 years 
£000

1,751
415

1,336

6,367
1,133

5,234

More than  
5 years  
£000

4,368
271

4,097

18 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk),  
credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s policies on the management of liquidity, credit, interest rate and foreign currency risks are 
set out below.

The main purpose of the Group’s financial instruments which comprise of term loans, hire purchase, leases, cash and liquid 
resources and various items arising directly from its operations, such as trade receivables and trade payables, is to finance the 
Group’s operations. 

RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
Regular reviews of strategic risks are performed by the Board.

Exposure to foreign currency exchange rates is considered during the budgeting and forecasting processes, and throughout the year.

General commercial risk is considered at an annual insurance review in conjunction with an independent broker, and the 
appropriate insurance policies put in place.

(a) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due.

The Group’s policy is to ensure that it has sufficient and appropriately structured facilities to cover its future funding requirements. 
Short-term flexibility is available through import loans and overdraft facilities and the netting off of surplus funds. The carrying 
amounts are the amounts due if settled at the period end date. The contractual undiscounted cash flows include estimated interest 
payments over the life of these facilities. 

At 31 March 2020 the Group had £7.8m of cash and bank balances (31 March 2019: £5.3m).

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Secured loans
Trade payables 

Secured loans
Trade payables 

Carrying 
amount  
Year ended 
31 March  
2020
£000

Face value  
Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Effective 
interest rate
%

Contractual cash flows 

Within  
1 year 
£000

1–2 years 
£000

2–5 years 
£000

Over 5 years
£000

2.99
–

13,388
10,090

13,609
10,090

9,585
10,090

23,478

23,699

19,675

546
–

546

636
–

636

2,842
–

2,842

Effective 
interest rate
%

2.99
–

Carrying 
amount  
Period ended  
31 March  
2019
£000

12,374
7,464

19,838

Face value 
Period ended 
31 March 
2019
£000

12,408
7,464

Within  
1 year 
£000

8,384
7,464

19,872

15,848

Contractual cash flows

1–2 years 
£000

2–5 years 
£000

Over 5 years
£000

546
–

546

727
–

727

2,751
–

2,751

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18 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK CONTINUED
(b) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its 
contractual obligations. 

The Group faces low credit risk as customers typically pay for their orders in full on shipment of the product. There are a small 
number of education accounts with schools and colleges that have 30-day terms (1.9% of 2020 and 2019 revenues). 

Funds lodged with Amazon, Digital River, Klarna and V12 Retail Finance totalled £215,000 on 31 March 2020 (31 March 2019: 
£128,000) and are included in Trade debtors. Credit risk in relation to cash held with financial institutions is considered low risk, 
given the credit rating of these organisations.

(c) Interest rate risk
The Group’s bank borrowings incur interest at variables rates of between 2.45% and 3.25% above the bank’s base rate or LIBOR, 
which exposes the Group to interest rate risk. Loans are with UK-based institutions and denominated in Sterling.

At 31 March 2020, the Group had cash reserves of £7.8m and could utilise these funds to part settle debts and mitigate any 
associated interest risk.

The Group’s policy, with regard to interest rate risk, is to monitor actual and anticipated changes in base rates, and if deemed 
appropriate seek out alternative financing proposals to ensure retaining a competitive rate.

Profile
At the balance sheet date, the interest rate profile of the Group’s interest-bearing financial instruments was:

Variable rate instruments 
Cash
Bank loans

Fixed rate instruments
Finance leases

Total net financial liabilities

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

(7,839)
13,388

(5,304)
12,374

5,549

7,070

–

5,549

453

7,523

Sensitivity analysis 
The calculations below assume that the change occurred at the balance sheet date and had been applied to risk exposures existing 
at that date. This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remains constant and considers the 
effect of financial instruments with variable interest rates. 

Increase of 50 basis points
Decrease of 50 basis points

(d) Foreign exchange risk
All borrowings are denominated in Sterling.

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000
Impact on 
closing 
equity/profit 
and loss

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000
Impact on 
closing  
equity/profit 
and loss

(51)
51

(38)
38

The Group sells into Europe and the Rest of the World in nine currencies including Sterling, Euros and more recently US Dollars. In 
the period ended 31 March 2020, 47% (2019: 44%) of total revenues were in non-Sterling currencies, of which 43% (2019: 48%) were 
in Euros. Where costs (including local tax liabilities) are incurred in these respective currencies, currency balances are retained and 
payments made in these currencies, thereby mitigating any associated currency loss. The scaling up of the Group’s operations in 
Sweden and Germany has increased the proportion of liabilities denominated in Swedish Krona and Euros (see Note 2), further 
extending the natural hedge. Surplus foreign currency holdings are reviewed on a daily basis and balances in excess of known 
liabilities are converted into Sterling, restricting the period between the transaction and the point of conversion, thereby reducing 
the transactional risk. 

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
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18 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK CONTINUED
(d) Foreign Exchange Risk continued
The Group purchases own-brand instruments and equipment from the Far East, transacting in US Dollars. The lead time from 
committed order to receipt of stock is typically 12–16 weeks, during which time the Group bears currency risk. The Group also 
trades with one supplier (2019: one supplier) on a trade credit basis with terms of 60 days. The Group has the trading platform ability 
and sufficient price flexibility to be able to pass on some adverse currency variances should it choose, and the Group generates 
enhanced margins on these products such that a proportion of these losses could be absorbed. The Group do not currently enter 
into forward contracts but reviews the situation and would consider committing to such a position should it make commercial 
sense to do so.

The strength of the US Dollar impacts on stock intake prices of the Group, directly on own-brand products and indirectly on 
other-brand products as whilst the majority of stock had been purchased in Sterling, the branded manufacturers faced similar price 
inflation. The Group looks to mitigate such events by re-negotiating orders and investing in larger volumes to leverage increasing 
purchasing economies of scale.

Trade and other receivables
Sterling
US Dollar
Euro
Other European currencies

Cash and cash equivalents
Sterling
US Dollar
Euro
Other European currencies

Trade payables
Sterling
US Dollar
Euro
Other European currencies

Local sales tax
Sterling
Euro
Other European currencies

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

557
572
366
155

1,650

6,452
1
523
863

7,839

7,246
1,430
943
471

10,090

342
743
1,205

2,290

309
88
356
103

856

4,355
2
409
538

5,304

6,634
213
255
362

7,464

522
690
899

2,111

The Group’s cash and cash equivalents are not sensitive to foreign exchange variations as currencies held are held to the extent that 
they are required to settle a liability in that currency, or they are converted into Sterling.

Non-Sterling trade receivables include cash lodged with payment providers that is promptly settled. International trade debtors 
represent an immaterial amount such that the Group is not sensitive to associated foreign exchange variations.

Euro funds are retained to settle Euro denominated payables. US Dollar denominated trade payables are not currently bought 
forward against, but only represent a small exposure that can be otherwise managed, and the Group has started selling in 
US Dollars.

(e) Debt and capital management
The Group’s objective when managing capital, which is deemed to be share capital, is to maximise the return on net invested 
capital while maintaining its ongoing ability to operate and guarantee adequate returns for shareholders and benefits for other 
stakeholders, within a sustainable financial structure. 

The Group monitors its gearing ratio on a regular basis and makes appropriate decisions in light of the current economic conditions 
and strategic objectives of the Group.

There were no changes in the Group’s approach to capital management during the period. The Group does not have any 
externally imposed capital requirements. The funding requirements of the Group are met by cash generation from trading, 
the utilisation of external borrowings, and the cash raised on placing of Ordinary shares.

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18 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
FAIR VALUES AND CARRYING VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
A comparison by category of the book values and fair values of the financial assets and liabilities of the Group at 31 March 2020 and 
31 March 2019:

Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Bank loans
Finance lease liabilities 
Trade and other payables
Deferred consideration

31 March 2020

31 March 2019

Book value 
£000

Fair value
£000

Book value
£000

2,396
7,839
(13,609)
–
(14,246)
(200)

2,396
7,839
(13,388)
–
(14,246)
(197)

1,657
5,304
(12,408)
(453)
(12,115)
(600)

Fair value
£000

1,657
5,304
(12,374)
(474)
(12,115)
(579)

(17,820)

(17,596)

(18,615)

(18,581)

The following summarises the major methods and assumptions used in estimating the fair values of financial instruments reflected 
in the table.

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Trade and other payables and receivables
The fair values of these items are considered to be their carrying value as the impact of discounting future cash flows has been 
assessed as not material.

Cash and cash equivalents
The fair value of cash and cash equivalents is estimated as its carrying amount where the cash is repayable on demand. The fair 
value of short-term deposits is considered to be the carrying value as the balances are held in floating rate accounts where the 
interest rate is reset to market rates.

Long-term and short-term borrowings
Bank loans are recognised initially at fair value less attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, interest-bearing 
borrowings are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Derivative financial instruments
The Group does not routinely enter into forward exchange contracts. The fair value of any material forward exchange contracts 
held would be calculated by Management based on external valuations received from the Group’s bankers. 

Deferred consideration
The deferred consideration is assumed to be 100% payable. The consideration has been discounted to present value at 2.7% being 
equivalent to the prevailing market rate of interest for a similar financial instrument.

Fair value hierarchy
The table below analyses financial instruments into a fair value hierarchy based on the valuation techniques used to determine 
fair value.
•  Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•  Level 2: inputs other than quoted priced included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly  

(i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

•  Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

31 March 2020
Bank loans

31 March 2019
Bank loans

Reconciliation of Level 2 fair value:

Bank loans

Level 1
£000

Level 2
£000

Level 3
£000

–

–

(13,388)

(12,374)

–

–

At 1 April  
2019
£000

Net increase in 
bank debt
£000

At 31 March 
2020
£000

(12,374)

(1,014)

(13,388)

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
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19 SHARE CAPITAL AND RESERVES
SHARE CAPITAL

Authorised, called up and fully paid:
Ordinary shares of 10p each

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
Number

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
Number

20,945,328

20,945,328

The Company has one class of Ordinary share and each share carries one vote and ranks equally with the other Ordinary shares in 
all respects including as to dividends and other distributions. 

On 3 June 2018, the Company issued and allotted 78,207 new Ordinary shares of 10p each on exercise of options under the 
Company’s EMI Schemes (see Note 20). This took the number of Ordinary shares in issue from 20,867,121 to 20,945,328, 
representing dilution of 0.4%.

SHARE PREMIUM

Opening
Issue of shares

Closing

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

13,152
–

13,152

13,055
97

13,152

Proceeds received in addition to the nominal value of the shares issued have been included in share premium, less registration and 
other regulatory fees and net of related tax benefits.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION RESERVE

Opening
Translation loss

Closing

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

3
(37)

(34)

12
(9)

3

The foreign currency translation reserve comprises exchange differences relating to the translation of the net assets of the Group’s 
foreign subsidiaries from their functional currency into the Parent’s functional currency.

REVALUATION RESERVE

Opening
Freehold property revaluation
Deferred tax

Closing

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

1,424
309
(59)

1,674

1,424
–
–

1,424

The revaluation reserve represents the unrealised gain generated on revaluation of the freehold office property on 28 February 2018 
and 31 March 2020. It represents the excess of the fair value over deemed cost.

RETAINED EARNINGS

Opening
Share-based payment charge/(credit)
Deferred tax
Profit/(loss) for the period

Closing

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

2,033
133
(34)
2,590

4,722

2,307
(22)
(89)
(163)

2,033

Retained earnings represents the cumulative net profits recognised in the consolidated income statement.

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20 SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS
The Group operates share option plans for qualifying employees of the Group. Options in the plans are settled in equity in the 
Company and are subject to vesting conditions.

There were no new awards or vests made in the financial year ending 31 March 2020. In the financial period ending 31 March 2019 
options granted under an Employees and Directors EMI scheme were exercised and settled in full, and a Director cash bonus plan 
was also settled in full.

At the start and end of the year there were three incentive schemes in place:
•  a Directors’ cash bonus plan relevant to Andrew Wass who, by virtue of his 34% shareholding, is cash rather than equity rewarded;
•  a CSOP scheme; and
•  an LTIP relevant to six senior employees including Andrew Wass, Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan.

All equity-settled share options have an exercise price equal to the nominal value of the shares (10p) that the Company will 
subsidise by way of a bonus provided there are sufficient distributable reserves and, subject to certain conditions, will vest on  
a specified anniversary of the date of grant.

The fair value of the cash-settled liability is remeasured at each balance sheet date and settlement date.

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EMPLOYEE EMI PLAN – EXERCISED AND SETTLED IN FULL IN FY19
On or before 3 June 2018 awards over all 58,251 shares under this plan were satisfied by the issue of new shares and the Company 
paid a cash bonus to option holders, the net value of which was equivalent to the income tax, employee National Insurance and 
the exercise price arising in relation to the awards. All options have been exercised in full.

DIRECTOR EMI PLAN – EXERCISED AND SETTLED IN FULL IN FY19
On 3 June 2018 awards over all 19,956 shares under this plan were satisfied by the issue of new shares and the Company paid  
a cash bonus to option holders, the net value of which was equivalent to the income tax, employee National Insurance and the 
exercise price arising in relation to the awards. All options have been exercised in full.

DIRECTOR CASH PLAN 1 – SETTLED IN FULL IN FY19
On 3 June 2018 Andrew Wass (Chief Executive Officer) exercised his entitlement under the plan to an award of £72,041 that was 
settled in cash.

CSOP
The Board has responsibility for matters relating to employee members of the Plan and may grant share options over shares to 
eligible employees. Eligible employees will generally have been employed by the Group for more than three years at the time of 
award but could be a shorter period at the discretion of the Board. The Board has discretion to select participants from eligible 
employees of the Group.

The Remuneration Committee has responsibility for matters relating to Director members of the Plan and may grant share options 
over shares to eligible employees and retains discretion as to the operation of the Plan. Executive Directors of the Company are 
eligible to participate in the Plan. Participation is at the discretion of the Remuneration Committee.

Employee awards under the CSOP are only subject to service conditions. Directors’ awards are subject to meeting EPS-based 
targets between the date of grant and vest, and subject to service conditions.

Subject to continued employment, awards will normally be deemed to have been exercised at the end of the relevant three-year 
vesting period.

Awards will be satisfied by the issue of new shares. The Company will grant a cash bonus to option holders in the month of 
exercise, the net value of which will be equivalent to the income tax, employee National Insurance and the exercise price arising 
in relation to the awards.

An initial award of 14,460 shares under option was made in June 2017.

In June 2018 a further award over 7,403 shares was made, and the total number of shares under option under the CSOP scheme 
at 31 March 2019 was 19,102.

DIRECTOR CASH PLAN 2
The Remuneration Committee has responsibility for the operation of the Director Cash Plan and may grant cash bonus awards 
over shares to eligible employees and retains discretion as to the operation of the Plan.

Executive Directors of the Company are eligible to participate in the CSOP. An Executive Director who participates in the CSOP 
is not eligible to participate in the Director Cash Plan. Participation is at the discretion of the Remuneration Committee.

Awards under the Cash Plan are subject to performance conditions. Awards will be exercisable at the end of the relevant vesting 
period subject to EPS-based performance conditions and continued employment.

Awards will be settled in cash.

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NOTES (FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)CONTINUED 
 
 
 
 
 
20 SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS CONTINUED
LTIP
In November 2018 a long-term management incentive plan to incentivise senior employees was set up, in a manner aligned with 
the interests of the Company’s shareholders.

The Plan involved the issue of 210,000 ‘B’ Ordinary shares in Gear4music Limited, a subsidiary of the Company. These ‘B’ shares 
vest from 2021–26 and can be exchanged on a one-for-one basis for new Ordinary Company shares subject to meeting specified 
criteria, including reaching a specified target share price for 80% of the award (see below), and pre-determined revenue and 
profitability targets for 20%.

The ‘B’ shares are non-voting, non-dividend restricted shares. The initial subscription cost was paid by way of a cash bonus that has 
been expensed in FY19.

Financial year ending:

31 March 2021
31 March 2022
31 March 2023
31 March 2024
31 March 2025
31 March 2026

Share price  
hurdle

Maximum number 
of shares vesting

£13
£16
£20
£24
£29
£35

27,300
29,400
33,600
35,700
39,900
44,100

The share price hurdle being the average closing mid-price in the 30-day period following announcement of preliminary results.
The Remuneration Committee has responsibility for matters relating to members of the Plan. The Executive Directors of 
Gear4music Limited are the participants in the Plan.

The terms and conditions of specific grants are as follows:

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Method of 
settlement 
accounting

Equity

Equity

Equity

Equity

Equity

Grant date/employees entitled

Employee EMI Award 1 – Equity settled 
award to eight key employees on IPO, 
granted by Parent on 3 June 2015

Employee EMI Award 2 – Equity settled 
award to one key employee, granted by 
Parent on 17 February 2016

Employee EMI Award 3 – Equity settled 
award to two key employees, granted by 
Parent on 26 May 2016

Employee EMI Award 4 – Equity settled 
award to 44 employees, granted by Parent 
on 31 May 2016

Director EMI Award 1a – Equity settled award 
to Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan, granted by 
Parent on 31 May 2016

Director Award 1b – Cash settled award  
to Andrew Wass, granted by Parent on  
31 May 2016

Employee CSOP Award 5 – Equity settled 
award to 75 employees, granted by Parent 
on 30 June 2017

Senior Mgmt. CSOP Award 2a – Equity 
settled award to Chris Scott and Gareth 
Bevan and two others, granted by Parent  
on 30 June 2017

Director Award 2b – Cash settled award  
to Andrew Wass, granted by Parent on  
30 June 2017

Employee CSOP Award 6 – Equity settled 
award to 73 employees granted by Parent  
on 30 June 2018

LTIP – Equity settled award to the six 
directors of Gear4music Limited

Number of  
instruments

Vesting conditions

Contractual life 
of options

23,383

Continued employment

Settled

1,845

Continued employment

Settled

9,433

Continued employment

Settled

Initially 27,406; 
23,590 at 28 Feb 2018

Continued employment

Settled

Cash Cash equivalent to monetary 
result for the other Directors 

7,248 granted;  
5,337 at 31 Mar 2019
377 forfeit in year; now 4,960

Equity

Equity

19,956

EPS-based performance 
criteria and continued 
employment

EPS-based performance 
criteria and continued 
employment

Settled

Settled

Continued employment

30 June 2020

7,212

EPS-based performance 
criteria and continued 
employment

30 June 2020

Cash Cash equivalent to monetary 
result for the other Directors 

Equity

Equity

7,403 granted;  
6,553 at 31 Mar 2019 
606 forfeit in year; now 5,947 

210,000

EPS-based performance 
criteria and continued 
employment

30 June 2020

Continued employment

30 June 2021

80% linked to share price 
20% linked to revenue and 
profitability improvements
All subject to continued 
employment

From August 
2021 to August 
2026

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20 SHARE BASED PAYMENTS CONTINUED
The number and weighted average exercise prices of share options are as follows:

Outstanding at the beginning of the period
Forfeited during the period
Exercised during the period
Granted during the period
Lapsed during the period

Outstanding at the end of the period

Exercisable at the end of the period

Weighted 
average 
exercise price
2020 

–
–
–
–
–

–

–

Number of 
options
2020 

229,102
(983)
–
–
–

228,119

–

Weighted 
average 
exercise price
2019

–
–
–
–
–

–

–

Number of 
options
2019

92,277
(2,371)
(78,207)
217,403
–

229,102

–

No options were exercised in the year (FY19: 78,207 shares). The options outstanding at the year-end have a nil exercise price and a 
weighted average contractual life of 3.83 years (31 March 2019: 4.83 years).

The fair values of employee share option awards under the CSOP were calculated using a Black-Scholes model and awards under 
the LTIP on a Monte Carlo simulation model, based on the assumptions detailed below:

Date of grant

30 June 2017
30 June 2017
30 June 2018
8 Nov 2018

Share price on 
date of grant 
(pence)

Exercise  
price  
(pence)

720.0
720.0
719.5
563.0

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

Volatility  
(%)

52.6%
52.6%
30.6%
44.5%

Vesting  
period  
(years) 

Dividend  
yield  
(%)

Risk free rate 
of interest  
(%)

3
3
3
2–7

0%
0%
0%
0%

0.43%
0.43%
0.73%
0.92%

Fair value 
(pence)

720.0
720.0
719.5
555.0

The expected volatility is wholly based on the historic volatility (calculated based on the weighted average remaining life of the 
share options). 

The total expenses recognised for the period and the total liabilities recognised at the end of the period arising from share-based 
payments are as follows:

Equity settled share-based payment expense
Cash-settled share-based payment expense

Opening

Recognised in equity
Recognised as a liability

21 RELATED PARTIES
TRANSACTIONS WITH KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL
The compensation of key management personnel is as follows:

Key management emoluments including social security costs
Company contributions to money purchase pension plans 

Year ended  
31 March 
2020  
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019  
£000

133
36

169
148

317

220
97

317

(22)
(11)

(33)
181

148

86
62

148

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

474
15

489

621
82

703

Key management personnel comprise the Chairman, CEO, CFO and CCO. All transactions with key management personnel have 
been made on an arms-length basis.

Four directors are accruing retirement benefits under a money purchase scheme (2019: four). 

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21 RELATED PARTIES CONTINUED
SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS
EMI and Director Cash Plan – vested in financial period ended 31 March 2019
An EMI share incentive plan for Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan and equivalent discretionary cash bonus plan for Andrew Wass, vested 
in full in June 2018. Chris Scott received a bonus of £24,553 and Gareth Bevan a bonus of £25,443 to cover the income tax, 
National Insurance and exercise price of the award. Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan both received 9,978 shares. Andrew Wass 
exercised his entitlement under the Director Cash Plan to an equivalent award of £72,041, and this was settled in cash.

LTIP – awarded in financial period ended 31 March 2019
In FY19 a new long-term incentive plan involving Andrew Wass, Chris Scott, and Gareth Bevan was put in place and involved the 
issue of 210,000 ‘B’ Ordinary shares in Gear4music Limited, a subsidiary of the Company. These ‘B’ shares vest from 2021–26 and 
can be exchanged on a one-for-one basis for new Ordinary Company shares subject to meeting specified criteria, including 
reaching a specified target share price for 80% of the award, and pre-determined revenue and profitability targets for 20%. 

The initial subscription cost was covered by way of bonus in FY19 and Andrew Wass, Chris Scott, and Gareth Bevan received 
bonuses of £7,217, £7,217 and £8,350 respectively.

22 ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS
The preparation of consolidated financial information in conformity with IFRSs requires Management to make judgements, 
estimates and assumptions concerning the future, that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of 
assets, liabilities, income and expenses. These judgements are based on historical experience and Management’s best knowledge 
at the time and the actual results may ultimately differ from these estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on 
an ongoing basis and revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any 
future periods affected.

The estimates and assumptions that have significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying value of assets and 
liabilities are discussed below:

JUDGEMENTS
•  Direct software development costs are capitalised as intangible assets. Judgement is applied in assessing the flow of future 

economic benefit, and in identifying which costs are capitalised and which are written off as an expense. Alternative judgement 
could result in certain costs being expensed or capitalised;

•  The useful life of tangible and intangible fixed assets – Management selected depreciation and amortisation periods appropriate 
to the assets held, and consistent with industry and accounting norm. Amortisation periods were independently reviewed as 
part of an intangible asset valuation exercise on IPO and are reviewed each year by the Directors. Different UELs could be 
applied that would change the P&L charge and Balance sheet carrying value;

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In FY20 the Directors reviewed the amortisation period and reduced the period from eight to six years for capitalised amounts in FY20.

ESTIMATES
•  An accrual for sales returns in the 30-day money back guarantee period is made based on historical returns and actual returns 
could vary from this estimate. As this 30-day period has passed prior to issuing the financial statements, hindsight shows this 
estimate is accurate.

•  Warranty income is recognised ‘over time’ under IFRS 15, by assuming an inputs method that measures progress by reference to 
costs incurred towards satisfying that performance obligation as compared to the total expected costs. The proportion of costs 
compared to total expected costs in an estimate based on historical data for this performance obligation.

•  An adjustment to revenue is calculated based on the expected delivery date for items delivered around the year end. This estimate 

is based on historical delivery dates with reference to courier statistics around the year end.

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COMPANY BALANCE SHEET

Fixed assets
Investments
Current assets
Cash in hand and at bank
Debtors (including £10.30m (2019: £10.47m) due after more than 
one year)

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

Net current assets

Total assets less current liabilities

Net assets

Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
Share premium account
Profit and loss account b/f
Profit/(loss) in the period

Shareholders’ funds

2020

2019

Notes

£000

£000

£000

£000

4

6

5

7

8
8
8

4,164

3,852

25

10,326

10,351
(38)

19

10,488

10,507
(46)

10,313

14,477

14,477

2,095
13,152
(934)
164

14,477

10,461

14,313

14,313

2,095
13,152
(881)
(53)

14,313

Notes 1 to 9 form part of these financial statements.

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 June 2020 and were signed on its behalf by:

ANDREW WASS
DIRECTOR
22 June 2020

Company registered number: 07786708 

CHRIS SCOTT
DIRECTOR
22 June 2020

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COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

Balance at 1 March 2018

Loss for the year
Issue of shares net of expenses
Share-based payments charge

Balance at 31 March 2019

Profit for the year
Share-based payments charge

Balance at 31 March 2020

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

Share  
capital
£000

Share 
premium
£000

Retained 
earnings
£000

Total  
equity
£000

2,087

13,055

(881)

14,261

–
8
–

–
97
–

(30)
–
(23)

(30)
105
(23)

2,095

13,152

(934)

14,313

–
–

–
–

31
133

31
133

2,095

13,152

(770)

14,477

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NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)

1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company’s principal activity is to act as the holding company for the Group, whose principal activity is as a retailer of musical 
instruments and equipment. 

1.1 BASIS OF PREPARATION 
These financial statements were prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard 
applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (‘FRS 102’) as issued in August 2014. The amendments to FRS 102 issued in July 2015 
and effective immediately have been applied. The presentation currency of these financial statements is Sterling. All amounts in 
the financial statements have been rounded to the nearest £1,000.

Under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 the Company is exempt from the requirement to present its own profit and 
loss account. 

In these financial statements, the Company is considered to be a qualifying entity (for the purposes of this FRS) and has applied the 
exemptions available under FRS 102 in respect of the following disclosures: 
•  Reconciliation of the number of shares outstanding from the beginning to end of the period; 
•  Cash flow statement and related notes; and
•  Key management personnel compensation. 

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As the consolidated financial statements of the Company include the equivalent disclosures, the Company has also taken the 
exemptions under FRS 102 available in respect of the following disclosures:
•  Certain disclosures required by FRS 102.26 ‘Share-Based Payments’; and,
•  The disclosures required by FRS 102.11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and FRS 102.12 ‘Other Financial Instrument Issues’ in respect 

of financial instruments not falling within the fair value accounting rules of Paragraph 36(4) of Schedule 1.

The Company proposed to continue to adopt the reduced disclosure framework FRS 102 in future periods.

Accounting period
The financial statements presented cover the year ended 31 March 2020 and 13-month period ended 31 March 2019.

Measurement convention
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis.

Functional currency
The financial statements are presented in Sterling which is the Company’s functional currency.

1.2 GOING CONCERN
These financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis as explained on pages 36 and 57.

1.3 INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES
These are separate financial statements of the Company. Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less impairments.

1.4 CLASSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS ISSUED BY THE COMPANY
In accordance with FRS 102.22, financial instruments issued by the Company are treated as equity only to the extent that they meet 
the following two conditions: 
(a)  they include no contractual obligations upon the Company to deliver cash or other financial assets or to exchange financial 

assets or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that are potentially unfavourable to the Company; and 

(b) where the instrument will or may be settled in the Company’s own equity instruments, it is either a non-derivative that includes 
no obligation to deliver a variable number of the Company’s own equity instruments or is a derivative that will be settled by the 
Company exchanging a fixed amount of cash or other financial assets for a fixed number of its own equity instruments.

To the extent that this definition is not met, the proceeds of issue are classified as a financial liability. Where the instrument so 
classified takes the legal form of the Company’s own shares, the amounts presented in this financial information for called up share 
capital and share premium account exclude amounts in relation to those shares. 

1.5 BASIC FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Basic financial instruments comprise investments other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, loans and borrowings, and trade 
and other payables.

Trade and other debtors
Other receivables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are measured at amortised cost using 
the effective interest method, less any impairment losses.

Trade and other creditors
Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition they are measured at amortised cost 
using the effective interest method.

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1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES CONTINUED
1.5 BASIC FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits. 

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Interest-bearing borrowings
Interest-bearing borrowings are recognised initially at fair value less attributed transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, 
interest-bearing borrowings are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

Inter-company loans
Amounts owed by Group undertakings are initially recognised at fair value. Subsequently, they are measured at amortised cost 
using the effective interest rate method less provision for impairment. If the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, then it 
is measured at the present value of future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument.

1.6 IMPAIRMENT
Financial assets (including debtors)
A financial asset not carried at fair value through profit or loss is assessed at each reporting date to determine whether there is 
objective evidence that it is impaired. A financial asset is impaired if objective evidence indicates that a loss event has occurred after 
the initial recognition of the asset, and that the loss event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that 
can be estimated reliably.

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortised cost is calculated as the difference between its carrying 
amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows. The effect of discounting is not material. When a subsequent 
event causes the amount of impairment loss to decrease, the decrease in impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss.

Non-financial assets
The carrying amounts of the Company’s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each 
reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable 
amount is estimated. 

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in 
use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market 
assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. 

For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of 
assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of 
assets (the ‘cash-generating unit’).

An impairment loss would be recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. 
No impairments have been recognised in the periods presented.

1.7 PROVISIONS
A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past 
event, that can be reliably measured and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. 
Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects risks specific to the liability.

1.8 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution pension plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a 
separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined 
contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense in the income statement in the periods during which services are 
rendered by employees. 

Share-based payment transactions
Share-based payment arrangements in which the Group receives goods or services as consideration for its own equity instruments 
are accounted for as equity-settled share-based payment transactions, regardless of how the equity instruments are obtained by 
the Group.

The grant date fair value of share-based payment awards granted to employees is recognised as an employee expense, with a 
corresponding increase in equity, over the period that the employees become unconditionally entitled to the awards. The fair value 
of the options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes model or a Monte Carlo simulation model, taking into account the 
terms and conditions upon which the options were granted. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual 
number of awards for which the related service and non-market vesting conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount 
ultimately recognised as an expense is based on the number of awards that do meet the related service and non-market 
performance conditions at the vesting date. 

Share-based payment transactions in which the Group receives goods or services by incurring a liability to transfer cash or other 
assets that is based on the price of the Group’s equity instruments are accounted for as cash-settled share-based payments. The 
fair value of the amount payable to employees is recognised as an expense, with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the 
period in which the employees become unconditionally entitled to payment. The liability is remeasured at each balance sheet date 
and at settlement date. Any changes in the fair value of the liability are recognised as personnel expense in profit or loss.

Share-based payment costs which are borne by the Parent Company on behalf of employees employed by the subsidiary entity are 
recharged through the inter-company.

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NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)
CONTINUED

1 ACCOUNTING POLICIES CONTINUED
1.9 FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES
Financing expenses comprise interest payable and finance leases recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method, 
unwinding of the discount on provisions, and net foreign exchange losses that are recognised in the income statement (see foreign 
currency accounting policy). Financing income comprises interest receivable on funds invested and net foreign exchange gains. 

Interest income and interest payable is recognised in profit or loss as it accrues, using the effective interest method.

Dividend income is recognised in profit and loss on the date the Company’s right to receive payment is established.

1.10 TAXATION
Tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises current and deferred tax.

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.

Deferred tax is provided on timing differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting 
purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner 
of realisation or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the 
balance sheet date.

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the 
timing difference can be utilised.

2 EXPENSES 
Included in profit/loss are the following:

Auditor remuneration – audit of financial statements

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

40

30

Auditor remuneration in FY20 relates to Grant Thornton UK LLP; auditor remuneration in FY19 related to KPMG LLP.

3 DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION

Directors remuneration
Company contributions to money purchase pension schemes

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

507
16

523

656
81

737

There are four directors (FY19: four) for whom retirement benefits are accruing under a money purchase pension scheme.

The aggregate remuneration of the highest paid Director was £174,000 during the year (FY19: 13-month period: £252,000), 
including Company pension contributions of £6,000 that were made to a money purchase scheme on their behalf.

4 FIXED ASSET INVESTMENTS

Cost
At 1 April 2019
Capital contribution

At 31 March 2020

Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less impairments.

Subsidiary 
undertakings
£000

3,852 
312

4,164

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4 FIXED ASSET INVESTMENTS CONTINUED
The Company has the following investments in subsidiaries:

Subsidiaries

Registered office address

Gear4music Limited
Cagney Limited
Gear4music Sweden AB Metallvägen 45a, 195 72 Rosersberg, Stockholm 

Holgate Park Drive, York, YO26 4GN
Holgate Park Drive, York, YO26 4GN

Registered number

Class of  
shares held

Ownership

03113256
04493300

Ordinary
Ordinary

100%
100% via G4M Ltd

Gear4music GmbH
Gear4music Norway AS PO Box 2734, Solli, 0204 Oslo, Norway

County, Sweden
Lahnstraße 27, 45478 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany HRB 29067
917 313 210

559070-4762

Cagney Limited and Gear4music Norway AS are dormant companies.

5 DEBTORS
DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR:

Other debtors

DUE AFTER MORE THAN ONE YEAR:

Amounts owed by Group undertakings

Ordinary
Ordinary
Ordinary

100% via G4M Ltd
100% via G4M Ltd
100% via G4M Ltd

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Year ended  
31 March  
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

26

26

16

16

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

10,300

10,300

10,472

10,472

The loan to Group undertakings is repayable in 12 months and 1 day from the year end. No interest is charged on the balance. 

As at 31 March 2020, receivables from subsidiary undertakings were unimpaired and considered by management to be fully recoverable.

6 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents per balance sheet

7 CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR

Trade creditors
Accruals and deferred income

8 SHARE CAPITAL AND RESERVES

Share capital

Authorised, called up and fully paid:
Ordinary shares of 10p each

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

25

19

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

1
37

38

1
45

46

Year ended  
31 March  
2020
Number

Period ended 31 
March  
2019
Number

20,945,328

20,945,328

The Company has one class of Ordinary share and each share carries one vote and ranks equally with the other Ordinary shares in 
all respects including as to dividends and other distributions. 

On 3 June 2018, the Company issued and allotted 78,207 new Ordinary shares of 10p each on exercise of options under the 
Company’s EMI Schemes (see Note 20). This took the number of Ordinary shares in issue from 20,867,121 to 20,945,328, 
representing dilution of 0.4%.

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NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS)
CONTINUED

8 SHARE CAPITAL AND RESERVES CONTINUED
SHARE PREMIUM

Opening
Issue of shares

Closing

RETAINED EARNINGS

Opening
Share-based payment charge
Profit/(loss) for the year 

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Closing

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

13,152
–

13,152

13,055
97

13,152

Year ended  
31 March 
2020
£000

Period ended 
31 March  
2019
£000

(934)
133
31

(770)

(881)
(23)
(30)

(934)

9 RELATED PARTIES
In FY19 an EMI share incentive plan for Chris Scott and Gareth Bevan vested in full, with the exercise total of 9,978 equity-settled 
share options each. An equivalent discretionary cash bonus plan for Andrew Wass vested in full with payment of £72,041.

Also, in FY19 a new long-term incentive plan involving Andrew Wass, Chris Scott, and Gareth Bevan was put in place and involved 
the issue of 210,000 ‘B’ Ordinary shares in Gear4music Limited, a subsidiary of the Company. These ‘B’ shares vest from 2021–26 
and can be exchanged on a one-for-one basis for new Ordinary Company shares subject to meeting specified criteria, including 
reaching a specified target share price for 80% of the award, and pre-determined revenue and profitability targets for 20%.

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86

 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES

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NOTES

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Gear4music (Holdings) plc
Holgate Park Drive
York YO26 4GN
UK

Kettlestring Lane
Clifton Moor
York YO30 4XF
UK

0330 365 4444
ir@gear4music.com

www.gear4music.com
www.gear4musicplc.com

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