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Genco Shipping & Trading Limited

gnk · NYSE Industrials
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Industry Marine Shipping
Employees 1037
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FY2021 Annual Report · Genco Shipping & Trading Limited
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02 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

03

Contents

03 
04  
06  
08 
12 
14 
16 
18 
22  
24 
26 
34

Highlights 
CEO Statement 
Covid Update 
Strategy 
Business Model 
Destination Food Brands 
Local Pubs 
Premium, Urban & Venture 
Pub Partners 
Brewing & Brands 
Greene King for Good 
Financial Review

Highlights

REVENUE

£1.34B

ADJUSTED 
OPERATING PROFIT

£18.6M 

STATUTORY  
OPERATING PROFIT

£63.8M 

(52-weeks to 2 Jan 2022) vs £562m  
for the 36 weeks up to 3 Jan 2021

(52-weeks to 2 Jan 2022) vs (£186m)  
loss for the 36 weeks up to 3 Jan 2021

(52-weeks to 2 Jan 2022) vs (£149m)  
loss for the 36 weeks up to 3 Jan 2021

FREE CASH INFLOW

INVESTMENT

NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES

£7.2M

(52-weeks to 2 Jan 2022) vs (£253m) 
outflow for the 36 weeks up to 3 Jan 2021

£114.7M

on new build capital expenditure  
& freehold purchases

39,000

NUMBER OF PUBS

RAISED FOR MACMILLAN

2,617

£2.2M

Shorter financial reporting period – the previous reporting period was a short period of 36 weeks to 3 January 
2021 reflecting the move to align our reporting period with our ultimate owners, CKA Asset Holdings.

04 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

05

In October, we could finally bring 2,000 
managers together at our ‘Unleashed Festival’ 
where we focused on how we could align 
the whole company behind our purpose  
‘we pour happiness into lives’ as well as  
our long-term vision for the business.  
Our team members were incredibly  
positive about the future direction we  
are taking and there is more information  
on Unleashed in the Strategy section. 

Our people 
Every year, our ‘Rant and Rave’ engagement 
survey asks our people what they think 
about working for Greene King. I am 
delighted that our ‘sustainable engagement’ 
score of 79% means the vast majority of  
our team members are engaged, enabled 
and energised. I am also extremely pleased 
with our ‘business pride’ score of 82% from 
our people who said they were proud to 
work for Greene King. These results are 
much improved from previous surveys 
although we still have much more work  
to do to make sure we are the employer  
of choice and the pride of British hospitality 
in the minds of or teams. 

Our communities 
During the pandemic the importance of,  
and the role of, the pub in the community 
has become much more evident. Our pubs 
act as community hubs by giving local people 
a place to sit down, socialise and help good 
causes and local services. I am incredibly 
proud of the way our pubs and our team 
members have worked tirelessly to help  
the communities within which we operate.

Despite being closed for much of the  
start of the year, our teams and customers 
raised a record-breaking £2.2m for our 
national charity partner, Macmillan Cancer 
Support and hit the £10 million fundraising 
mark during the year. Thank you all –  
and congratulations! 

Diversity and inclusion 
At Greene King, we are guided by our 
purpose – to pour happiness into lives – and 
a clear set of values. Central to the values is 
the need to create an inclusive environment 
for all our team members that gives 
everyone a fair and equal chance to fulfil 
their potential; and to provide a welcoming 
environment for all our customers.

This year, we launched our race manifesto, 
‘Calling Time on Racism’. It sets out our 
ambition to embrace and value our Black, 
Asian and minority ethnic colleagues and 
the wider community; to increase their 
representation within the hospitality 
sector; and to become a leading and truly 
antiracist organisation. We have set out 
four commitments and set up a number of 
partnerships and projects to help us do this. 

Achievements 
I am really proud of our achievements last 
year, from raising money for Macmillan 
Cancer Support, to winning ‘Best Leased 
& Tenanted Pub Company’ and ‘Best 
Community Pubs’, among others, at the 
Publican Awards. We are going to continue 
our hard work building an award-winning 
business that cares about its people, 
communities, customers and partners. 

Looking ahead 
As we come out of Covid and start to  
turn strategy into action, much work remains 
to be done to transform Greene King and 
create a business that is truly the pride of 
British hospitality. We have committed to 
significant investment and transformation 
programmes and we will complete our 
cultural transformation programme,  
investing in step-change digital capabilities 
and building our people capability and  
people management infrastructure. 

We will increase our emphasis on creating 
a sustainable business and increase focus on 
environmental aspects of our Environmental 
Social Governance (ESG) programme, 
Greene King for Good. Specifically, in  
2022, we will agree and publish our  
carbon reduction targets.

Covid has shown how amazingly creative 
our sector can be. Hospitality has responded 
brilliantly to the challenges faced by Covid – 
not just in terms of business but also in how 
we have helped the communities we serve. 
As the industry recovers, I am excited by 
the prospect of our towns and cities once 
again becoming the thriving social hubs we 
enjoyed before Covid. 

I would like to thank everyone who works 
for Greene King, our owners, our tenanted 
and leased partners and our suppliers as 
well as the trade bodies who represented 
our sector so well, for all they have done  
in 2021 and throughout the pandemic.  
We could not have got through the last  
two years without you.

CEO Statement 

I WOULD LIKE TO THANK OUR 39,000 TEAM  
MEMBERS FOR THEIR HARD WORK, SUPPORT AND 
RESILIENCE THROUGHOUT 2021, AND BEYOND.

Nick Mackenzie, Chief Executive Officer

Review of the year 
As our report shows, 2021 was another  
year spent tackling the impact of Covid.  
We started the year in lockdown and  
unable to trade. These challenges continued 
in the first half with enforced closures and 
months of limited trading. We could finally 
move towards business as usual during the  
second half and enjoyed better trading  
in the summer and autumn.

However, Omicron’s arrival towards the  
end of the year prompted the Government 
to introduce its Plan B, advising people to 
work from home and to limit socialising.  
This impacted our all-important  
Christmas trading.

Despite everything, our team members  
rose to every occasion and adapted to 
every challenge. As in 2020, they showed 
incredible resilience and I thank them for 
their non-stop support and hard work. I 
would also like to thank our shareholders for 
their continuing support throughout the year. 

UK outlet numbers 
In 2021, there were 42,754 pubs across the 
UK, down 6% on 2019 but just 1% lower 
than 2020. The decline is mainly due to 
the reduction in numbers of leased and 
tenanted as well as independent free trade 
pubs. This was offset by some growth in 
managed and branded pubs, particularly 
premium wet-led pubs. It is expected that 
pub numbers will stabilise by 2023 as the 
growth of managed and independent pubs 
matches the continuing closure of leased, 
tenanted and independent free trade pubs. 

Market value 
Pub market revenue in 2021 was forecast 
at £14.8bn, equating to 64% of the sector’s 
revenue before the pandemic. Full recovery 
is expected by 2024.

Recovery in the pub market has lagged 
that in the broader eating and drinking 
out market, where delivery and takeaway 
services are propelling growth. As we  
shake off Covid restrictions in 2022, it 
is anticipated there will be a slight fall in 
consumer spending on takeaway and delivery.  
However, they will remain a significant factor.  

2021 key trends 
Unsurprisingly, Covid continued to influence 
how we traded this year, and it accelerated 
some existing trends that were surfacing  
pre-pandemic. These included the growth 
in use of technology, focus on health and 
wellbeing, premiumisation and the increase  
in importance of quality outdoor space.  
We increased our investment in all these 
areas during 2021 and will continue to do  
so in 2022. In addition, giving customers a 
safe, secure service remained essential, so  
we kept our Pub Safe promises in place  
even after they were no longer required. 

Our trading environment  
This year, we have not only had Covid  
to deal with, but also the combination 
of inflationary pressures, labour market 
shortages and weak consumer confidence. 
I feel confident that our strategy and our 
transformation and investment programme, 
will put us in a good place to bounce  
back strongly. 

We can mitigate inflationary pressures  
by becoming more cost-efficient and 
sustainable across our business. We can 
address consumer confidence by delivering 
exceptional experiences and evolving our 
portfolio of compelling brands.

Finally, we are nothing without our team 
members and current labour market 
pressures make this more important  
than ever. 

We are investing significantly in our people 
and our culture to become an employer of 
choice, and these investments will help us 
continue to attract, develop and keep the 
very best in the business. 

Strategy into action 
We have used the time during the pandemic 
to set ourselves up to bounce back strongly 
as the impact of the pandemic diminishes.

During 2020, we introduced our team 
members to our new strategy. It centres 
on our goal to be the pride of British 
hospitality, famous for outstanding customer 
experiences and a balanced portfolio of 
high-growth, consistently profitable brands. 
In 2021, we could begin to turn this strategy 
into action as we developed the strategic 
drivers that will help us achieve our goal.

Customers’ expectations of digital capability 
are rocketing, fuelled by their experience in 
other sectors. Consequently, we are focusing 
on transforming our digital presence so we 
can connect with customers in a relevant 
way and their journey with us is smooth  
and enjoyable.

During the year we rebuilt our web  
shop to give customers a more efficient 
experience and introduced handheld 
ordering to our Chef & Brewer brand to 
let our pub teams manage orders and 
payments more flexibly.

There are many more examples in this 
report illustrating how we’ve been  
putting our strategy into action. 

Cultural transformation 
One bright light this year was launching 
Greene King ‘Unleashed’, our cultural  
and transformational change programme  
which will unleash the full potential of  
the business.I

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
06 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

07

Covid Update

DURING 2021, THE COVID PANDEMIC CONTINUED TO RESTRICT  
TRADING IN THE UK AS GOVERNMENTS ACROSS THE DEVOLVED  
NATIONS ENFORCED DIFFERENT SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS. 

At the start of the pandemic, we had 
three objectives: to ensure the financial 
stability of the business, to exit the 
crisis as the strongest in the sector  
and ready to bounce back; and, as far  
as possible, to protect our employees 
and our leased and tenanted partners 
from the worst impact of the crisis.

Emerging from the third lockdown in 2021,  
we introduced three new objectives: 

•   To bounce back into action and be 

stronger for our customers, partners, 
people and owners

•   To finish the strong foundations we  
are building in Culture, Organisation  
and Strategy

•   To maximise our performance  

in a balanced way

These objectives helped us chart our  
course through the pandemic during 2021.  

Supporting team members 
We entered our third national lockdown in 
January 2021. We closed all our pubs and 
placed most of our team members, support 
teams, along with our Brewing & Brands 
and Pub Partner teams, into the extended 
Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), 
the flexible furlough scheme. It enabled 
some people in key roles to continue 
working and, with most people working  
less than their normal hours, get a furlough 
top-up for those hours they could not work. 

From April 2021, we could reopen some 
pubs for outdoor-only service; indoor 
hospitality reopened in May. We therefore 
removed our salaried team members  
from the furlough scheme in June 2021  
and hourly-paid team members from July.  

Following the launch of our Team Member 
Support Fund in the first lock-down in 
2020, we set up a second fund in January 
2021 and provided £500,000 for our team 
members in most financial need. This takes 
the total amount provided to £1,160,000 
since the start of the pandemic. We 
partnered with the Licensed Trade  
Charity to administer this on our behalf. 

The fund was partly paid for by salary 
sacrifices from our executive board  
and senior leaders in the business. 

Additionally, we continued the wellbeing 
support for our teams that we had begun  
in 2020. As before, our Employee Assistance 
Programme gave team members live 
support online and our mental health  
first-aiders offered help to line managers  
and team members. We also responded  
to calls to work from home during  
lockdowns by introducing agile working  
that demonstrated our flexible approach  
to changing employment needs. 

Information, engagement & thanks 
We felt it was essential to update our  
team members about the latest changes  
to restrictions in our sector. That is why  
our CEO, Nick Mackenzie, recorded  
weekly video updates; we also put  
relevant news on Kingdom, our team 
engagement social media tool. 

We also wanted to continue engaging our 
team members, especially during furlough. 
This prompted our first-ever virtual ‘Pride 
of Greene King Awards’ to recognise those 
who had gone the extra mile during the  
year. In addition, in May 2021, we held 
our first virtual employee talent show to 
celebrate the hidden talents of our pub, 
brewery, and office support teams.

Finally, we rewarded our pub, brewery  
and support teams with a £6m Christmas 
bonus scheme to thank them for their 
support during a tough year. The scheme 
included various rewards for different  
roles, including a £300 cash bonus, extra 
holiday allowances, an uplift in hourly  
rates, increased team member discount  
and a free meal per shift.  

Assisting our partners 
We continued to give our tenants rent 
concessions of 90% even when pubs were 
able to open outdoors in the spring of  
2021, reducing to 40% from April to July 
when restricted trading was allowed.

We were delighted that the Publican  
Awards recognised the efforts we made  
to do the right thing. Our Pub Partners 
division won the Best Leased & Tenanted 
Pub Company award, earning the judges’ 
praise for looking after our tied pub  
tenants during the pandemic. 

Reassuring our customers 
As restrictions eased, we wanted both our 
teams and our customers to feel they could 
work and socialise in our pubs safely, so we 
continued our Pub Safe promises even  
when they were no longer required. 

Pub gardens could reopen for hospitality 
outdoors in April 2021 and indoors in May. 
Finally, in July, pubs in England could reopen 
without restrictions (August for Scotland 
and Wales). We were elated by the return 
of the Great British pub atmosphere, with 
customers able to order at the bar and 
stand up in the pub once more.  

Surviving Omicron  
After some positive trading through the 
summer and autumn, the Omicron variant 
arrived. Governments introduced Plan B 
with advice to limit socialising and work from 
home, denting vital Christmas and New Year 
trade. Business was even tougher in Scotland 
and Wales, which had further restrictions. 

Despite all these challenges, we proved  
we have a winning formula by picking up 
a hat-trick of titles at the prestigious 2021 
Publican Awards. We won Best Community 
Pub Operator for our Local Pubs division, 
Best Leased & Tenanted Pub Company  
for the Pub Partners division, and CEO  
Nick Mackenzie was named Business  
Leader of the Year.

Working in our communities   
Our communities and charity are the  
beating heart of Greene King. Although our 
pubs were closed or had trading severely 
limited in 2021, we broke our annual 
fundraising record and raised £2.2m for our 
national charity partner, Macmillan Cancer 
Support. This included the ‘Brave the Shave’ 
fundraising and took our charity partnership 
fundraising total to over £10 million! 

When the January 2021 lockdown began, 
we signed up to The Sun newspaper’s 
‘Jabs Army’ campaign where our team 
members, many of whom were furloughed, 
volunteered as stewards at vaccination 
centres. When schools had to close, 
we teamed up with the Unity Schools 
Partnership and donated 110 laptops  
to help families in Suffolk cope with  
home schooling. 

Case study : London recovery 

One impact of the pandemic was that many workers chose to work remotely  
rather than in their London offices. To get people back into the city, the Greater 
London Authority launched its ‘Let’s Do London’ initiative. In support, our Urban 
Pubs launched a ‘London Recovery’ multi-channel marketing campaign to position  
our pubs as the destination of choice and convert city footfall into pub visits.  

A significant three-month marketing campaign launched with a narrative around 
‘Come Back Inn’, using creative artwork symbolising the iconic pub sign. In October, 
we launched a paid digital media plan alongside a front-page promotion with the 
Evening Standard which gave away 10,000 pints of Ice Breaker Pale Ale. To maintain 
the momentum, we followed this up with a London tube takeover that featured 
‘Come Back Inn’ at three major stations. We reinforced this with a robust influencer 
programme, a partnership with the lifestyle app Dusk and supporting PR. 

Overall, results showed a strong performance in the 17 selected test sites  
with an uplift of 15% vs. a baseline period, compared to a 10% uplift in  
shadow sites and 8% like-for-like improvement for other London sites. 

 
 
 
08 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

09

Strategy

A MAJOR HIGHLIGHT OF THE LAST TWO YEARS HAS BEEN THE  
DEVELOPMENT AND LAUNCH OF ‘GREENE KING UNLEASHED’,  
OUR CULTURAL AND STRATEGIC TRANSFORMATION PROGRAMME. 

Greene King Unleashed is designed  
to unite our 39,000 team members  
under a common purpose and shared  
corporate values so that we can all  
start to unleash Greene King’s  
full potential.

Our new purpose and values were  
shaped from within our company.  
They have guided all our decisions  
during the Covid pandemic, giving  
us clarity of thought amid all  
this uncertainty.  

Defining our strategy  
We have defined and communicated  
a new strategy to the business. At its  
core is our goal to be the pride of  
British hospitality, giving customers 
outstanding experiences through a  
balanced portfolio of high growth, 
consistently profitable brands. 

This goal is underpinned by several  
key strategy drivers which inform our  
strategic planning and capital allocation.  
By focusing on these strategy drivers,  
such as transforming our culture and 
leveraging digital, we made really good 
progress turning this strategy into reality 
during 2021, despite the continuing 
pandemic and trading restrictions.  
Here are three cases studies highlighting  
our progress; further case studies 
throughout this review illustrate  
work on other strategy drivers. 

To be the pride of British hospitality, famous for outstanding  
customer experiences and a balanced portfolio 
of  high growth, consistently profitable brands. 

Grow sales through 
compelling brands

Transform our culture

Invest in 
our people

Leverage digital

Operational excellence by 
managing cost inflation and  
building sustainable processes

Expand through innovation 
and targeted acquisitions

Unlock value through making 
the most of our assets

How we will drive the future success of our business, in pursuit of purpose we are proud of, 
delivered by a clear strategy, underpinned by Our Greene King values and behaviours

 
10 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

11

WE HAVE MADE GREAT HEADWAY IN  
TRANSFORMING OUR CULTURE. OUR PEOPLE  
MATTER TO US ENORMOUSLY AND WE ARE  
DETERMINED TO BECOME THE EMPLOYER  
OF CHOICE IN THE PUB SECTOR.

CUSTOMERS’ EXPECTATIONS OF OUR DIGITAL CAPABILITY 
ARE ROCKETING, FUELLED BY THEIR EXPERIENCE OF OTHER
SECTORS. AS A RESULT, ONE STRATEGY DRIVER IS TO FOCUS
ON DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION SO THAT OUR CUSTOMERS
CAN CONNECT WITH US IN A SMOOTH, ENJOYABLE WAY.

Andrew Bush, Chief People Officer

Maria Sebastian, Chief Marketing Officer 

Case study :   

Cultural transformation

In 2021 we developed our culture 
programme which included three  
key elements: 

•   Our new purpose:  

We Pour Happiness into Lives

•  Our company values: who we are

•  Our behaviours: what we do

In October, we could finally bring over  
2,000 of our managers together at a  
festival. There, we explained our plans  
for cultural change and mobilised them  
to help bring our cultural transformation  
to all 39,000 team members. We are  
now looking to achieve real change. 

Towards the end of the period, we  
launched the Dartboard, a balanced 
scorecard which tracks and monitors  
group performance against a broad range  
of key performance indicators (KPIs).  
Rather than simply focusing on financial  
and commercial elements, they now  
include behaviour, culture and how our 
people feel, so we can take a holistic 
approach that includes both short  
and long-term performance. 

Our culture change programme is now  
well underway, and the next stage is to  
train and develop our pub managers. 

Case study :   

Leveraging digital

During the year we completely revamped 
our web shop. Customers can now shop 
with us in a much more satisfying and 
efficient way, and we have built a future-
proofed, flexible platform that can  
adapt to changing customer needs. 

We have also successfully rolled out 
handheld ordering and automated  
telephony in Chef & Brewer, letting our  
pub teams manage orders and payments 
more flexibly. This digital investment makes 
it easier for our team members to deliver 
excellent customer service while saving  
time and driving efficiencies.

WE ACQUIRED THE ICONIC MEMORIAL HALL  
BUILDING IN MANCHESTER AS PART OF OUR  
STRATEGY TO EXPAND METRO’S FOOTPRINT 
OUTSIDE OF LONDON.

Nick Elliot, Group Property Director 

Case study : Acquisition of the Fountain House 

As we turn strategy into action and look to expand through targeted acquisitions, a key  
piece of activity in 2021 for the property team was the purchase of the Memorial Hall  
building in Albert Square, Manchester for our Metropolitan Pub Company (Metro).  
The five-storey Venetian Renaissance Gothic grade 2 listed building dates back to 1866  
and we identified it as a great site for Metro to bring its gastro menu proposition to the 
people of Manchester. It offers customers a premium wine selection and craft beers,  
alongside fresh, seasonal and innovative premium gastro pub food and drink. Following 
investment in the site, we reopened in November as The Fountain House. Completion  
of building works in Albert Square, along with development of a two-storey hotel and  
roof terrace, should let us expand further in the future.

 
12 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

13

Business Model

THE RESOURCES 
AND RELATIONSHIPS 
WE COUNT ON

HOW WE CREATE 
AND ADD VALUE

HOW WE MEASURE OUR SUCCESS

PEOPLE & PARTNERSHIPS
More than 39,000 talented team  
members and and around 800 Pub 
Partners licensees across the UK

SUPPLIERS & RESOURCES
A network of trusted suppliers 
providing us with the resources and 
goods we need to run our pub and 
brewing businesses sustainably

COMMUNITIES &  
GOVERNMENT
The engaged communities which we 
operate in the UK and the support of 
government and trade bodies 

QUALITY ASSETS
The estate of pub and brewing 
assets we own and operate across the 
UK and the sector leading brands 
that reflect our rich heritage 

BRANDS

Grow sales through compelling brands

CULTURE

Transform our culture

PEOPLE

Invest in our people

DIGITAL

Leverage digital

OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE

Operational excellence by managing cost 
inflationand building sustainable processes

EXPAND

Expand through innovation and 
targeted acquisitions

ASSETS

Unlock value through making 
the most of our assets

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14 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

15

Case study :   

 Chef & Brewer, The Riverside Inn 

Chef & Brewer is one of our most established brands, and this  
year we focused on refreshing and improving the offer to support  
its promise to be ‘Britain’s Most Welcoming Escape’. We wanted  
to reignite the fire behind this much-loved brand, to improve  
our customers’ experience and enable it to fulfil its potential.

We felt the brand had got a little lost in the busy mid-market  
sector, so we created a fresher look. Our customer research 
prompted us to put greater emphasis on design, both inside  
and out, to improve our food and drink offer, and dial up our  
service to ensure our customers instantly feel at home,  
helping them to relax and appreciate the moment.

We launched this refreshed look at the newly acquired  
Riverside Inn near Shrewsbury. We want our customers  
to be able to escape their busy everyday lives by giving  
them the chance to relax either in the cosy interior or the  
beautiful garden with its external bar and stunning views.

Since opening in August 2021, the pub has consistently  
exceeded our expectations and we plan to reflect the  
newbrand template across our Chef & Brewer portfolio.

Destination Food Brands 

REVENUE

ADJUSTED  
EBITDA

ADJUSTED 
OPERATING  
PROFIT

£527.1M £67.4M £20.9M

Andy Wilson, Managing Director,  
Destination Food Brands

I AM REALLY PROUD OF OUR TEAMS, WHAT THEY ARE DOING AND HOW THEY  
EMBRACE OUR NEW CULTURE. WE HAVE WORKED HARD TO BE AT THE HEART  
OF EACH OF THE COMMUNITIES WE SERVE AND ARE PROUD TO HAVE RAISED  
OVER £1M FOR MACMILLAN.

Engaging our people 
We completed a full Engagement Survey in 
September. Overall, 11,739 team members 
took part and we were very happy that we 
scored 79% for sustainable engagement and 
82% for business pride. Both scores are in 
line with the Greene King average. 

Looking forward 
The first three weeks of trading this year 
were negatively affected by the restrictions 
and advice from central and devolved 
governments and there will be continued 
challenges due to the Ukraine crisis. 
Nonetheless, we feel confident that  
our business is in a great place to  
bounce back early in 2022. 

Our Destination Food Brands consist  
of seven key brands and formats, and 
our focus is on running pubs to bring 
family and friends together for a broad 
range of food and drink occasions. 

Grading our performance 
Our revenue grew by 39.5% against the 
2020 52-week proforma and increased 
+126.5% against the shorter financial 
reporting period of 2021.

However, our like-for-like (LFL) sales  
versus 2019 were marginally down for  
the periods that the pubs traded, broadly  
in line with the market (Coffer Peach). 
Excluding the final three weeks, when the 
Omicron variant impacted trading, our  
LFL sales for the second half of the year 
were slightly favourable compared with 
2019. Despite all the closures, we are 
pleased we stayed profitable. Our adjusted 
operating profit was £20.9m an increase  
of £93.3m compared with the 52-week 
2020 proforma adjusted operating loss.

Investing for the future 
In 2021, we spent £4.9m on core 
development capital expenditure. Of this, 
£2.2m went on developing existing sites, 
£1.7m developed gardens to boost business 
during outdoor-only trading which were 
a tremendous success and forms part of 
this year’s plan, and we spent £1.0m on 
transferring two sites from the Pub Partners 
business into Destination Food Brands. 
Excluding the transfers, 37 sites benefited 
from core capital expenditure this year. 

During the year we opened a new site 
under the Chef & Brewer brand, the 
Riverside in Shrewsbury. More details  
are in the case study.  

Satisfying our customers 
Our teams faced lots of difficulties this  
year, including changes in trading restrictions, 
labour shortages and supply chain challenges. 
Despite everything, happily our customer 
satisfaction improved across the board.  
Our Reputation.com score improved by  
18 points from the prior year and complaints 
per 1,000 covers ratio improved by 0.09.  
Our safety scores also improved with our  
average Environmental Health (EHO)  
rating at the year end at 4.86 out of a 
maximum of 5.0. 

 
 
 
16 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

17

Local Pubs

Clair Preston-Beer,  
Managing Director, Local Pubs 

REVENUE

ADJUSTED  
EBITDA

ADJUSTED 
OPERATING  
PROFIT

£315.9M

£32.8M

£2.6M

THIS YEAR WE HAVE FOCUSED ON CREATING MORE OCCASIONS FOR CUSTOMERS  
TO STAY LOCAL – INVESTING IN OUR ENVIRONMENTS, MENUS AND TEAMS.  
OUR GARDEN INVESTMENTS HAVE BEEN A HUGE SUCCESS, CREATING SOME  
AMAZING OUTDOOR SPACES. THROUGHOUT 2021, OUR TEAM’S COMMITMENT  
TO THEIR LOCAL COMMUNITIES HAS BEEN INCREDIBLE.

Our Local Pubs lie at the heart of 
communities up and down the UK  
with c.600 pubs offering a unique  
place for customers.

The ambition of Local Pubs is to  
grow sales by keeping our existing 
customers, while also bringing new 
customers through our doors. 

Improving our performance 
Our revenue grew by +41.3% against the 
2020 52-week proforma and increased 
+139.7% against the shorter financial 
reporting period of 2021, which suffered  
from more extensive lockdowns. 

Compared with 2019, like-for-like (LFL)  
sales for trading pubs were down across  
the year. However, we traded ahead of  
the Coffer Peach market over the year  
on a trading pub LFL basis. We made an 
adjusted operating profit of £2.6m, which 
was +£60.3m ahead of the 52-week  
2020 proforma adjusted operating loss. 

Targeting fresh investment  
We spent a total of £4.8m of core 
development capital expenditure on the 
estate this year, mostly on pub gardens.  
This reflected our customers’ preferences 
during the pandemic and helped produce 
a strong increase in sales over the year. 
We also invested in our new concept 
developments – Pub & Social,  
Pub & Kitchen and Proper Locals.

Keeping customers happy 
These have been really tough times, yet 
our customers are increasingly happy with 
what we are doing. Measured against 2020, 
our Reputation.com score increased by 86 
points and our complaints per 1,000  
covers ratio improved by 0.03.

In addition, our safety scores also improved 
with our average Environmental Health 
(EHO) rating at the year end at 4.83  
out of a maximum of 5.0 for our 
environmental performance. 

Engaging our people 
We completed a full Engagement Survey 
in September, and we are delighted by 
what our colleagues said. Of the 7,985 
team members taking part, our Sustainable 
Engagement result was 80%, 1% pt. better 
than the average across the wider Greene 
King group, whilst business pride was 82%,  
in line with the wider Greene King group. 

Looking ahead 
In the coming year, we will be focusing ever 
more on targeted occasions and our new 
customer capture. We will also be working 
hard to get ready for trading opportunities 
around the 2022 World Cup. 

Case study :   

Attracting new customers

We want to grow sales by keeping our existing customers while  
also bringing new pub customers through our doors. That is why  
we have spent the year studying the latest consumer trends. They 
helped us develop three distinct pub formats: Pub & Social, Pub 
& Kitchen and Proper Locals. Each one offers customers a more 
targeted food and drink service, so should appeal to customers  
today who expect more when they are eating and drinking in pubs. 

To demonstrate the new formats, we invested a six-figure  
sum to re-invent three existing pubs. 

•   Pub & Social: We opened The Paul Pry in Rayleigh in October.  
It has distinct areas for different social and eating out occasions,  
a premium range of drinks and sharing foods, plus a weather- 
proof garden where customers can eat and drink.  

•   Proper Locals: In November, we re-opened The Nabb Inn in 
Hucknall. It is a new take on the classic community pub, with 
a bright, open and contemporary environment, a great value, 
high-quality classic menu and drinks range, and spaces to host 
community events. 

•   Pub & Kitchen: We then opened The Governors House in 
Cheadle Hulme in December. Its upgrade has given it distinct 
dining and drinking areas, 10 boutique-style hotel rooms and  
a restaurant-quality menu with signature specials and a  
home-style Sunday lunch. 

We are thrilled to report that the plans are working. All three  
pubs are proving popular with a growing number of customers  
and sales up by a third, compared to 2019. Given these encouraging 
results, we will be developing new test sites of these formats in  
2022, before rolling them out further over the next three years. 

 
 
 
18 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

19

Premium, Urban and Venture

REVENUE

ADJUSTED  
EBITDA

ADJUSTED 
OPERATING  
PROFIT

£235.8M £38.3M £6.8M

Karen Bosher, Managing Director, 
Premium, Urban and Venture

IT WAS A GREAT YEAR AND I AM EXTREMELY PROUD OF THE TEAM AND GRATEFUL  
TO OUR SUPPORT CENTRE. EVERY BUSINESS MOVED FORWARD ON THEIR STRATEGIC 
OBJECTIVES DESPITE SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES. I AM EXCITED FOR THE FUTURE WE 
CAN CREATE FOR OUR TEAMS, OUR CUSTOMERS AND FOR GREENE KING.

Our Premium, Urban and Venture 
division contains a collection of iconic 
pubs, which celebrate their unique 
identity and personality through our 
people, our product and our spirit.

The Premium and Urban estate includes 
a wide variety of different pubs, including 
historic buildings which have seen hundreds 
of patrons passing through their doors.

The Venture side of the division is driven 
primarily by Metropolitan Pub Company 
(Metro). There are over 60 pubs which  
are individual and unbranded, each 
embodying its own personality and  
character. We invested £2.3m through  
2021 by continuing the growth strategy  
and refurbishing some core sites including 
garden trading space. The Fountain House  
in Manchester was acquired in the period 
and refurbished to trade as the first  
Metro pub in northern England.

Crafted Pubs is our new premium pub 
concept. It connects two key parts of our 
strategy, growth through compelling brands 
and asset optimisation. Crafted Pubs is 
designed to not just meet, but exceed  
those expectations. In 2021 we opened  
our first Crafted Pub, The Boat in Solihull.  
It has been a huge success, trading well 
above expectations and achieving  
record-breaking sales. More details  
are in the case study on page 19. 

This year Urban pubs invested in three pubs 
in Cambridge as part of a new investment 
programme, Project DNA, and more 
information is in a case study on page 20. 
The division also invested significantly in a 
marketing campaign to support London’s 
recovery from the pandemic, and a case 
study on page 7 provides more details. 

Assessing our performance 
Our revenue this year was up 49.2%  
compared to the 2020 52-week proforma 
and increased 181.7% against the shorter 
financial reporting period of 2021. Like-for-
like (LFL) sales, measured for open sites only  
and against 2019 sales, were materially down. 
The central London estate was particularly 
hard hit by Covid restrictions. Our London 
estate recovery was supported by an 
innovative media investment programme 
which we will continue into 2022. 

Spreading our investment   
We invested a total of £7.0m in core 
development capital expenditure to  
take full advantage of the re-opening  
of the pub industry.  

Pleasing our customers 
Despite a very challenging year, we saw 
fantastic improvements in our guest metrics. 
Our Reputation.com scores improved by 
82 points from the prior year, and complaints 
per 1,000 covers also improved by 0.02 in 
Premium and Urban.  

Our safety scores also improved with  
our average Environmental Health (EHO)  
rating at the year end at 4.87 of out a 
maximum of 5.0. 

Listening to our people 
We conducted a full Engagement Survey 
in September, which involved 4,557 team 
members. We scored 79% for sustainable 
engagement, inline with the average across 
the wider Greene King group and 79%  
for business pride, 3% point lower than  
the average across the group. 

Looking ahead 
2022 is expected to see a continuation of 
our recovery from the pandemic and focus 
on key strategic areas. We will open our 
third Crafted Pubs site and further expand 
this premium format in the future. We are 
also expecting more and more customers 
to want a premium experience, so we are 
planning to expand our Metro estate to 
meet this demand.

While people are returning to offices, 
there is a bigger work from home culture. 
Combining that with international tourism 
not at pre pandemic levels, London has not 
bounced back to the same levels as the rest 
of the country. Therefore we are continuing 
to invest in marketing in London.

Premium Case study :   

Creating Crafted Pubs 

Crafted Pubs is our new premium pub concept. It connects two key parts of our  
strategy – growth through compelling brands and asset optimisation – and sits within  
our Premium, Urban and Ventures division. 

We launched the concept after listening carefully to customers, who told us what they  
want from a premium pub. As a result, Crafted Pubs is designed to not just meet, but  
exceed those expectations and increase sales. We want to give customers an industry- 
leading outdoor space and a winning combination of fantastic social pub food and gastro 
dining. We have considered every detail and customer touch point, from the food, drink, 
lighting and music down to the hand soap in the toilets.

In 2021 we opened our first Crafted Pub, The Boat in Solihull. It has been a huge success,  
trading well above expectations and achieving record-breaking sales. The local community’s 
given the pub a warm welcome and it is now hosting lots of local activities and groups,  
local florist partnerships and mums’ clubs, which all increase footfall, awareness and spend.  
On the back of The Boat’s success, we plan to open four new Crafted Pubs in 2022.

 
 
 
 
 
20 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

21

Urban Case study :   

Project DNA 

This year, Urban Pubs invested in three high street pubs in Cambridge 
as part of ‘Project DNA’, a new investment programme. This benefits 
from a full team effort from across the business and identifies the 
genetic make-up and key components that drive sales and make a 
pub perform really well. Like ‘cracking the code’, we are trying to 
optimise our pubs and make them ‘Best in Class’. 

The Prince Regent, The Bath House and The Grain & Hop Store  
pubs all benefited from the multi-million-pound refurbishment 
package. They now offer bespoke, modern interiors and serve 
premium food and drink. They are designed to be a blueprint  
for growth and asset optimisation in further Urban sites.

Since opening in 2021, all three have enjoyed above-target trading 
weeks, they are growing share in urban spaces and their reputational 
scores, based on online reviews across different platforms, have  
been outstanding. Meanwhile, we are continuing Project DNA,  
using customer feedback and focus groups to constantly refine  
an outstanding pub offering ahead of further expansion.

Venture Case study :   

The Chesterfield Arms

As part of our strategy pillar to optimise our assets, we moved the Chesterfield Arms  
in Mayfair from Premium and Urban into Metro during the year.  It was one of Metro’s  
first major projects following the easing of Covid restrictions and now sits in its Gastro 
segment, which is innovative, modern and rooted in pub-charm. We invested £150,000  
in the site before it reopened in August 2021, with vast improvements to the kitchen,  
bar set up, furniture and layout. 

The pub is steeped in history and has been a pub since 1737. It was originally known as  
The Chesterfield Arms until 1938 when it was renamed the Shephard’s Tavern. The team  
at Metro returned it to its roots and reinstated its former name, The Chesterfield Arms.

The team combines the best of British cuisine and hospitality with a curated selection of 
draughts and wines full of personality. Seasonal food and drink flavours allow the chef to  
have the freedom to explore and create new and engaging pub experiences.  

As the pub is located in Mayfair, London, like much of hospitality in that area it had  
challenges with footfall following Covid, as a result of reduced tourism and workers.  
However, we are pleased that it traded above its budget and vs 2019 and we  
look forward to increasingly improved trading in 2022.

22 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

23

Pub Partners

Wayne Shurvinton,  
Managing Director, Pub Partners

REVENUE

ADJUSTED  
EBITDA

ADJUSTED 
OPERATING  
PROFIT

£109.6M £46.7M £35.1M

LOOKING BACK AT LAST YEAR, WE ARE PROUD OF THE SIGNIFICANT FINANCIAL  
AND EMOTIONAL SUPPORT WE PUT IN PLACE TO SUPPORT OUR PARTNERS THROUGH  
COVID, AND THIS WAS RECOGNISED EXTERNALLY WITH PUB PARTNERS WINNING THE 
BEST LEASED AND TENANTED PUB COMPANY IN THE UK AT THE PUBLICAN AWARDS.

Pub Partners runs a high-quality 
portfolio of 1,002 tenanted, leased and 
franchise pubs, generating significant 
and stable cash flow for the group.

During Covid, our guiding principles were to 
avoid business failures, support our partners 
and come out as the strongest in the sector. 
Importantly, our close relationships with 
our tenants meant we could give them the 
right kind of support. We feel proud that 
these actions enabled our tenants to survive, 
and then recover and rebuild. By working 
together, we have come out stronger, as 
shown by lower partner surrenders and 
fewer recruiting pubs than in 2019. 

Providing financial support 
Covid meant that all our pubs were  
closed for most of the first half of the year.  
During this time, we supported our tenants 
financially through a 90% rent concession.  
Once pubs could re-open with restrictions, 
we kept on supporting our partners with 
a 40% concession. This support continued 
until mid-July, when all trading restrictions 
were removed.  

Offering help and advice 
We provided our partners with survival and 
recovery initiatives, including beer returns, 
free personal protective equipment (PPE)/
screens, point of sale, 24 hour advice, free 
British Institute of Innkeeping membership, 
and our new Wellbeing and Recovery 
Hubs. Overall, this financial support in 2021 
was worth c.£18m, mainly through rent 
concessions, and came on top of the  
£26m we provided in the prior year. 

Tracking our performance 
As a result of the pandemic, trade was  
very much weighted towards the second 
half of the year. Total revenue in the year  
was £109.6m, with c.70% of this  
delivered in the second half.  

Investing with impact 
Investing in our estate is a critical part of our 
strategy and we continued doing so in 2021. 
Overall, we invested £11.5m of total capital 
expenditure in our estate and our partners. 
Of this, £6.4m was development capital  
that we invested to drive income growth  
across 120 pubs. Despite really tough  
trading conditions, our capital investment 
continued to deliver a strong return.

Our partners and our people  
Once again, both our internal teams and  
our partners gave us some brilliant feedback. 
Over 90% of our tenants have stayed in 
their pub during 2021, the Licensee Index 
shows that they are the most positive about 
the future in the sector, and average tenant 
tenure has increased to six years 10 months. 

Our team is extremely dedicated and we 
received high engagement levels from those 
that took part in our Engagement Survey. 
We scored 91% for sustainable engagement 
and our business pride score score was 94%, 
both 12% points better than the Greene 
King average.   

Responsibility and recognition  
We are governed by the Pubs Code and  
take our responsibilities seriously. We held  
a Code Compliance Officer Meet & Greet 
session for tenants with the Pub Code 
Adjudicator, Fiona Dickie. The Licensee  
Index confirmed the level of awareness  
of the Pubs Code was the highest amongst 
our tenants versus the other regulated  
pub companies.

Case study : Hive Pubs

During 2021, we launched a new pub franchise 
concept, Hive Pubs. This is a branded community 
pub model, operated by franchisees who have local 
knowledge and experience of running a pub. It lets 
them bring their individual know-how to the Hive 
pub to deliver the best customer experience. 

We set up the pub and are liable for the property. 
We pay running costs, such as stock and supplies, 
marketing, training and ongoing support. Our 
research and insight means that every Hive pub  
has an innovative range of drinks, a food menu  
with quality pub classics, year-round outdoor  
spaces, and regular entertainment from live  
sport to quizzes, music and events. 

We are also building an online platform  
where franchisees can connect to each other  
and share ideas.  

We will be investing up to £300,000 in each  
Hive Pub. Alongside this investment each pub  
will operate with best-in-class systems and 
processes so that we can deliver a consistently 
superior level of service.

Besides Hive, our branded concept, we currently 
have our unbranded Pub Franchise agreement  
and, over the next five years, we intend to grow  
our franchise estate to more than 100 sites. 

 
 
 
 
24 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

25

Brewing & Brands

REVENUE

ADJUSTED  
EBITDA

ADJUSTED 
OPERATING  
PROFIT

£153.2M £11.1M £0.9M

Matt Starbuck, Managing Director, 
Brewing & Brands

WE ARE PROUD TO HAVE SUPPORTED OUR CUSTOMERS OVER THE LAST YEAR WITH 
A DETERMINED FOCUS TO MAINTAIN SUPPLY INTO THE OFF TRADE AND HELP OUR 
ON TRADE CUSTOMERS QUICKLY RECOVER FROM THE RESTRICTIONS OF COVID.

Brewing & Brands brews, sells and 
distributes a wide range of market 
leading beers, including Greene King 
IPA, Old Speckled Hen, Abbot Ale,  
Ice Breaker and Belhaven Best,  
from our two breweries in Bury  
St Edmunds and Dunbar. 

Monitoring our performance 
Revenue was £153.2m, up 33.1% against 
the 52-week 2020 proforma. It was a 
very challenging year in on trade against 
a backdrop of lockdowns and social 
restrictions, as well as a quiet Christmas 
trade. The free trade market, where we 
are strongest, suffered the most, with the 
managed, tenanted and leased sectors 
performing stronger as we have come  
out of lockdowns. However, the off trade 
remained buoyant as shoppers switched  
out of pub into home drinking, allowing  
us to outperform the market in 2021. 

Investing in fundamentals 
Although trading was challenged, we 
increased our capital expenditure. 
Investment in our breweries, packing lines 
and supply chain improved our operating 
standards. This investment allowed us to 
continuously improve, most notably in 
beer quality and new technology to enable 
the brewing of modern beer styles. Our 
investment in distribution was vital against 
the anticipated need to protect service levels. 

Coping with challenges  
Higher costs of logistics and materials –  
most notably malt, glass, cans, sugar and CO2 –  
put our supply chains under pressure in the 
second half of the year. Our focus to mitigate 
some of these issues meant we kept disruption 
to a minimum. Despite the shortages of HGV 
drivers and warehousing operatives often 
caused by Covid infections and self-isolation, 
we put in place effective mitigation plans. A 
combination of our own fleet complemented 
with third party operations provided an 
amazing level of support to protect our 
customers from the worst effects of product 
shortages. It has been a challenging year for 
drinks deliveries, having to contend with 
significant variations in order profiles due 
to various lockdowns and regional Covid 
restrictions. Supply issues resulting from 
staff availability, retention and sickness were 
overcome with a combined effort of our 
Greene King depots and our third-party 
logistics partners, both of whom provided 
excellent support to the Scottish Central belt. 

Nurturing our brands 
In the off trade, we achieved higher growth 
than any other major brewer. Our moving 
annual total value market share grew 0.7ppts 
to 16.6%, maintaining our position as the UK’s 
third-largest brewer. We are delighted that  
Old Speckled Hen kept its top spot in off  
trade traditional ale brands, maintaining its 
leading volume share throughout 2021. 

In the on trade, we continued to drive share 
in the independent free trade and managed 
pub sectors. Greene King IPA remains the 
number two cask brand (number one in free 
trade), and Abbot Ale remains one of the 
nation’s favourite premium cask ale brands. 

The continued strategic rebalancing of our 
beer portfolio to suit modern tastes led 
to higher sales for Ice Breaker, which we 
explore in the case study in this section.  

Engaging our people  
We completed a full Engagement Survey in 
September. Overall, 564 people took part, 
and gave us a 69% sustainable engagement 
score, 10% points lower than the average 
across the Greene King group, and 79% 
business pride measure, 3% points lower 
than the average Greene King figure. 

Looking ahead 
For on trade, more normal trading will let 
us recover our position for our core own 
brewed volume cask ale brands; in the off 
trade, we want to keep our market share 
gains. Our primary focus areas for the year 
ahead is the modernisation of our beer 
portfolio and investing in our brewing and 
supply chain infrastructure. Finally, we are 
planning to invest over £2m in 2022 into 
‘Proud to Pitch’, led by Greene King IPA. It is 
our community engagement initiative that  
raises funds for grassroots sports clubs 
across the UK.

Case study : Abbot Ale rebrand 

In 2021, we completely rebranded Abbot Ale, one of the  
UK’s most popular premium ales amongst cask ale drinkers  
and supermarket shoppers alike. It is part of our strategy  
to grow sales through compelling brands.

Our challenge was to ensure that we were able to refresh  
the image of this famous brand and invite new drinkers to 
consider trialling without disenfranchising our millions of  
loyal customers. We therefore took the time to consult  
with drinkers and get beneath the skin of why this brand  
means so much to them. The resulting design was a balance  
between a more contemporary image with clear links  
to its heritage. The mitre-shaped pump badge really  
does stand out on the bar and makes the most  
of the history of this wonderful brand. 

We supported this refresh with close to half a million  
pounds worth of investment into a marketing and PR  
campaign, including trade media and promoted social media 
posts. We introduced our new look to customers through  
our ‘Abbot Mobile’, which is touring our pubs in 2022, and 
through our ‘Relax with An Abbot’ campaign, promoted by  
the sports and TV presenter, Jeff Stelling. We are thrilled with  
the positive reception we have received from publicans and 
customers – and want to be clear that we have not changed  
the ale itself in any way, so it is just as delicious as ever.

Case study : Ice Breaker 

A modern craft style of unfiltered pale ale, Ice Breaker, continues to go from 
strength to strength. This year we invested over £1.5m into the brand which  
was originally created by our apprentice brewers. The investment has been 
focused on driving trial and awareness of this rapidly growing drinker favourite  
in and around key off trade outlets and has resulted in Ice Breaker now being 
sold in over 2,000 Greene King pubs and free trade outlets. 

Highlights of the marketing campaign included major sampling initiatives in  
both the on and off trade, new bespoke on trade glassware, fonts and tap 
handles, ‘Summer Takeovers’ at the famous Anchor Bankside pub in London,  
and a strong social media presence throughout the year. 

With this significant distribution now secured for Ice Breaker, 2022 will be a 
landmark year for the brand as it launches its first advertising campaign and 
becomes available for purchase in further major supermarkets, with  
agreements already in place for launches across the summer. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

27

Case study : From reverse logistics recycling to zero waste to landfill

We introduced our first logistics recycling scheme 
in 2010. This cut our environmental impact by 
recycling packaging and waste across our managed 
pubs. In 2019, we upgraded our reverse logistics 
model to increase efficiency and improve recycling 
quality, quantity and waste. We began by removing 
all single-use packaging from our estate and 
focusing entirely on re-use and recycle. We now 
collate plastic produce packaging trays centrally 
before the supplier collects them for reuse.  
Furthermore, all of our pubs, hotels and  
restaurants now return all recycling by our 
dedicated food distribution network.

This includes food, used cooking oil, plastic,  
metals, card and paper. We are working with  
our waste management partner, SWRNewstar,  
on further improvements. 

Finally, we have invested lots in our pub resources 
and training to help our pub teams recycle even 
more. We can now see everything we recycle  
and we have developed a team culture of caring  
for the environment. In 2020, this work helped  
us become the first pub company to achieve  
the Carbon Trust’s certified ‘Zero Waste to  
Landfill’ standard.

Greene King For Good 

Assad Malic, Chief Communications  
and Sustainability Officer

WE FEEL WE CAN HAVE A REAL AND POSITIVE IMPACT ON THE  
COMMUNITIES AND ENVIRONMENT AROUND US. UNDER OUR CORE 
VALUE OF ‘WE CARE’, WE ARE COMMITTED TO MAKING A DIFFERENCE 
THROUGH OUR ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL GOVERNANCE PROGRAMME, 
GREENE KING FOR GOOD.

OUR IMPACT

OUR ENVIRONMENT - CARING FOR OUR PLANET

It has long been very important to us 
that we operate sustainably and minimise 
our environmental impact. We have 
implemented several key environmental 
initiatives, such as introducing reverse logistic 
recycling across our managed pubs, and  
in 2020 we achieved the Carbon Trust’s 
‘Zero Waste to Landfill’ standard. 

We are founder members of the Zero 
Carbon Forum, a forum of hospitality and 
brewing businesses who work together to 
reach carbon net zero. We are committed 
to achieving sector-wide change and were 
the first pub company to work with ‘Too 
Good to Go’, the surplus food app. 

In January 2021 we piloted ‘Tub2Pub’, our 
new recycling scheme where customers can 
drop off empty Christmas sweet and biscuit 
tubs at their local Greene King pub for 
plastic reprocessing. It was really successful! 

All the money raised from Tub2Pub 
has gone to Macmillan Cancer Support, 
our national charity partner and we are 
extending the scheme across our  
managed pubs in 2022. 

For Greene King, 2021 has been a year 
of discovery. We began mapping our 
carbon footprint to 1.5º, in line with the 
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) protocol and  
the Science Based Target Initiative (SBTI).  
This complex, business-wide project will 
enable us to identify and publish our  
carbon reduction targets in 2022.  
After the discoveries of 2021, 2022  
will be about establishing the solid 
foundations and framework needed  
for us to begin this journey. 

As Britain’s leading pub company and 
brewer, we want to be the pride of 
British hospitality. Our goal is much more 
than simply delivering fantastic customer 
experiences and serving award-winning 
beers. It is about Greene King being a  
positive force for good and having a  
social purpose that threads through  
every part of our business.  

We are committed to driving social and 
environmental change and promoting 
inclusion and diversity within our business, 
through our partnerships and in the 
communities we serve. 

Our Environmental Social Governance 
(ESG) strategy, Greene King for Good,  
has three core pillars: 

•   Our environment:  
caring for our planet

•   Our communities:  

being a good neighbour 

•   Our people:  

creating life opportunities for all through 
innovative social mobility programmes

28 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

29

Case study :  Greene King becomes number one corporate  

fundraising partner for Macmillan Cancer Support 

We launched our national charity partnership  
with Macmillan Cancer Support in 2012.  
What a success it’s been! 

In 2021, we were the top corporate fundraising 
partner for Macmillan Cancer Support. Donations 
were seriously affected by Covid so we called  
our teams into action and they stepped up. 

Macmillan Cancer Support was named the 
official charity partner of the 2021 Virgin London 
Marathon. We supported them by raising money 
and awareness and by providing charity runners  
and friends with official locations to celebrate  
their achievements. 

Two executive board members, Wayne Shurvinton 
and Andy Wilson, volunteered to become VIP 
runners for Macmillan, supported by many other 
Greene King team members who also ran. Pubs 
near the route became official Macmillan cheer 
stations and fuel stops, and we held pre- and  
post-marathon events in pubs across England, 
Scotland and Wales. 

Finally, Andy Wilson, our Managing Director  
of Destination Food Brands, was awarded an  
MBE in the Queen’s New Year’s Honours for 
services to business and charity during Covid.  
What a wonderful way to start the celebration  
of our 10 year partnership with Macmillan  
Cancer Support in 2022! 

OUR COMMUNITIES - BEING A GOOD NEIGHBOUR

Helping team members  
We have also been helping our own people 
during these tough times. In January 2021 
we launched our second Team Member 
Support Fund. Managed by the Licensed 
Trade Charity, it helps team members  
facing financial hardship during the  
pandemic. The fund donated £500,000, 
which partly came from voluntary salary 
sacrifices by the executive board and 
Leadership team. Overall, across both  
funds, we have donated over £1.1 million.  

Other great causes 
Besides our own schemes, we are still 
supporting industry initiatives. ‘Pub is  
The Hub’ provides free advice to licensees, 
communities and local authorities. ‘Only a 
Pavement Away’ helps homeless people off 
the streets and into careers in hospitality, 
and Pub Aid highlights how pubs are a 
force for good. We have also continuing to 
help charities close to our support centre 
communities in Bury St Edmunds and 
Burton on Trent, including Bury in Bloom, 
Abbey 1000 and Bury St Edmunds for  
Black Lives.

Our pubs, breweries, depots and offices 
support our communities in two ways:

•   We support people living with cancer 

through our national charity partnership 
with Macmillan Cancer Support

•   We help people fight loneliness through 
our No One Alone programme, which 
brings communities together. 

Despite the impact of Covid restrictions on 
pub trading, 2021 was a record breaking 
year for our partnership with Macmillan 
Cancer Support. Teams across Greene King 
took part in lots of fundraising events and 
raised £2.2 million – that is our biggest total 
since the partnership began in 2012!   

No One Alone  
Covid restrictions on social interaction  
also made it tricky for our pubs to promote  
No One Alone this year. Its events use local 
pubs’ naturally welcoming and inclusive 
atmosphere to bring people together. On 
Christmas Day 2021 Greene King launched 
a Christmas Day community table pilot 
scheme, which we are extending across the 
business in 2022. We are really proud about 
how enthusiastically our team members have 
embraced the Greene King value ‘We Care’ 
– they have put it into action and supported 
their local communities day in, day out. 

DESPITE THE IMPACT OF COVID RESTRICTIONS 
ON PUB TRADING, 2021 WAS A RECORD BREAKING 
YEAR FOR OUR PARTNERSHIP WITH MACMILLAN 
CANCER SUPPORT.

 
 
 
30 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

31

OUR PEOPLE - CREATING LIFE OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL THROUGH INNOVATIVE 
SOCIAL MOBILITY PROGRAMMES

We believe that everyone has a right to 
great career opportunities. Our ‘Stepping 
Up’ report challenged the barriers of social 
mobility and reinforced our commitment 
to create the best opportunities in the 
hospitality sector for individuals from  
all backgrounds. 

Our award-winning social mobility 
programmes support:

•   Apprenticeship opportunities for all.  

We offer over 30 different 
apprenticeships, ranging from front-  
and back-of-house to finance and 
accounting, project management and 
coaching. In 2021, 920 team members 
started apprenticeships and 740 
completed them. We start 2022  
with 1,400 team members learning 
through apprenticeships.

•   Young people from disadvantaged 

backgrounds into employment through 
our partnership with The Prince’s Trust. 
We have pledged to create 1,000 job 
opportunities for young people over the 
next five years. Of these, we want 40%  
to be from Black, Asian, and minority 
ethnic backgrounds in support of our 
manifesto, ‘Calling Time on Racism’. 
Moving into 2022, we have an ambitious 
plan of training programmes with  
The Prince’s Trust. 

•   Ex-offenders and people experiencing 
homelessness into fulfilling careers 
through our Releasing Potential 
programme. We launched this in 2018 
and work with the Ministry of Justice, 
Only a Pavement Away, New Futures 
Network and Novus. By the end of 2021, 
89 team members had joined Greene 
King through this programme, of whom 
42 joined during the year. 

•   People with learning disabilities or 
difficulties into work through our 
Supported Internships programme.  
In 2020, we launched our first programme 
in partnership with Landmarks College; 
in 2021 we expanded our programme 
partnership with Mencap to provide  
work experience and job opportunities to 
young people. This year, 39 young people 
joined the Greene King family through 
our Supported Internships programme. 

Case study :  Releasing Potential programme goes from strength to strength 

When we launched ‘Releasing Potential’, our social mobility 
programme to support ex-offenders into employment, we could 
never have imagined how quickly it would expand. We now work 
with 39 prisons across England and Wales, despite restrictions 
imposed on prison recruitment during the pandemic. 

Another team member who joined through the scheme added: 
“When I was sat in jail, I wondered what I was going to do out  
there, no one was going to see any potential in me. Greene King 
came in and gave me an opportunity. They didn’t look at what  
I had done, but what I can do now.”

Ian joined us through the ‘Released on Temporary Licence’ scheme, 
available to prisoners completing a sentence in an open prison. He 
could work at the pub during the day before returning to custody 
at the end of each shift. He joined as a kitchen porter and very 
quickly moved to a line chef role. Living close to the pub when he 
was released, he progressed to a Team Leader role before being 
appointed acting Assistant Manager. Ian said: “From my own personal 
experience, one of the most beneficial things I found about the 
Releasing Potential programme was the opportunity to get rid of 
the stigma in my own mind about being an ex-offender and the 
possibilities of getting back into the community,” Ian says. “The building 
of self-esteem to know that you can succeed and can be a normal 
member of society – it’s one of the most important things I’ve found.”  

A general manager who works with a team member who joined 
via the programme said “One of the benefits is that the person 
joining the team wants to be there, they want to learn, they want to 
change, they are invested in their job role. When hired, the candidate 
was invested; she’s worked her way up, becoming a front-of-house 
member to pub leadership team and is continuing to take training 
to further her career in the business. She manages my TAP training 
portal helping develop other team members and has supported my 
business development manager by sharing her story and engaging 
other general managers to consider similar recruitment route.”

In 2022 Greene King will be extending the programme thanks  
to a new partnership with the Scottish Prison Service. 

32 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

33

INCLUSION AND DIVERSITY

OUR RESPONSIBILITY

We are absolutely committed to creating an inclusive environment 
for all our team members; giving everyone the opportunity to have a 
fair and equal chance to fulfil their potential; and creating a welcoming 
environment for all our customers. During 2021 we continued our 
journey towards everyday inclusion where everyone feels welcome, 
can thrive and truly belong. We have also signed up to external 
commitments including the Valuable 500 and ‘If Not Now, When?’ 

In 2021, we published our race manifesto, ‘Calling Time on Racism’. 
It sets out our ambition to embrace and value our Black, Asian and 
minority ethnic colleagues and the wider community; to increase  
their representation within the hospitality sector; and to become  
a leading and truly anti-racist organisation. 

We also launched several initiatives outlined in our race manifesto. 
They include a new reverse mentoring programme where 11 
members of our Black, Asian and minority ethnic community mentor 
our executive team. We took part in National Inclusion Week and 
joined Inclusive Employers. We also asked our employee-led inclusion 
groups to drive an inclusion calendar of activities – spotlight months 
included Pride Month and Black History Month. We teamed up  
with the International Slavery Museum and Slave Free Alliance to  
use training resources and webinars to educate our team members  
on the history and modern-day reality of slavery. Our recruitment 
teams also began developing plans to make our recruiting  
practices more inclusive.

Modern Slavery  
Providing good and safe work is a priority at Greene King. In 2021 
we worked with our charity consultants Slave Free Alliance to 
complete a full modern slavery gap analysis of our business. Their 
recommendations will underpin our action plan in 2022 to further 
minimise the risk of modern slavery in our business or supply chain. 

Responsible Retailing  
Our responsible drinking scheme, ‘Enjoy Responsibly’, gives  
customers advice in our pubs and on our website. It shares 
government guidance, tips on responsible drinking and outlines 
how we are responsible retailers. As a minimum, we also follow the 
‘Challenge 21’ or ‘Challenge 25’ schemes in our pubs and at our tills 
to remind team members behind the bar to check customers’ ages. 
Every new bar team member must complete our training before they  
can serve alcohol so that they understand their legal responsibilities  
and obligations, as well as the impact of alcohol on children. 

In addition, we operate the ‘Ask for Angela’ scheme across our 
managed pub estate. This trains our team members to help 
customers if they find themselves in vulnerable situations. 

Animal Welfare  
We have a robust animal welfare policy which covers all meat, poultry 
and fish, regardless of country of origin. All our suppliers must comply 
with EU and UK animal welfare legislation. This includes adhering to 
the Five Freedoms and following, as a minimum, sustainable fishing 
and statutory livestock codes of practice (including specific animal 
welfare standards for each species). 

Antibiotics and Pharmaceutical Usage 
We do not permit the routine prophylactic use of antibiotics and 
pharmaceuticals across any species supplied to Greene King.   

Allergens and gluten 
We provide full allergen information in all our pubs, restaurants  
and hotels so that our customers can make informed meal  
choices according to diet and preferences. We are proud of  
our expanding non-gluten and vegan range and our teams  
all have allergens training. 

Healthy eating 
We want to serve great-tasting, quality food and to give customers 
a wide range of menu options that support a healthy, balanced diet. 
Many of our menus now offer at least ten dishes under 500 calories. 
Our children’s menus offer fresh fruit, salad and fresh vegetables,  
in line with the government’s five-a-day recommendation. We have 
also signed up to eight pledges in the Government’s Public Health 
Responsibility Deal. 

IN 2021, WE PUBLISHED OUR RACE MANIFESTO, ‘CALLING TIME ON RACISM’.  
IT SETS OUT OUR AMBITION TO EMBRACE AND VALUE OUR BLACK, ASIAN  
AND MINORITY ETHNIC TEAM MEMBERS AND THE WIDER COMMUNITY;  
TO INCREASE THEIR REPRESENTATION WITHIN THE HOSPITALITY SECTOR; 
AND TO BECOME A LEADING AND TRULY ANTI-RACIST ORGANISATION.

 
 
 
 
 
34 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

35

Financial Review

THE GROUP RECOVERED STRONGLY DURING THE  
YEAR, GENERATING AN £18.6M ADJUSTED OPERATING  
PROFIT AND FREE CASH FLOW OF £7.2M WHILST  
INCREASING INVESTMENT IN DEVELOPMENT  
AND EXPANSIONARY CAPITAL.

Richard Smothers, Chief Financial Officer

Statutory

Adjusted

52 weeks ended
2 January 2022

36 weeks ended
3 January 2021

£m

1,341.6

63.8

(134.2)

(70.4)

£m

562.1

(149.3)

(99.3)

(248.6)

Proforma 52 
weeks ended  
3 January 2021
£m

947.4

(433.0)

(184.2)

(617.2)

52 weeks ended
2 January 2022

36 weeks ended
3 January 2021

£m

1,341.6

18.6

(132.4)

(113.8)

£m

562.1

(185.8)

(93.7)

(279.5)

Proforma 52 
weeks ended  
3 January 2021
£m

947.4

(186.9)

(137.0)

(323.9)

Revenue

Operating  
(loss)/profit

Net finance costs

(Loss)/profit  
before tax

Revenue was £1,341.6m, an increase of 138.7% compared to the 36 weeks ending 3 January 2021 (52-week proforma: up 41.6%), with  
increases in all five revenue generating segments due to increased levels of trading in the period as a result of fewer restrictions. Destination 
Food Brands revenue was up 126.5% (52-week proforma: up 39.5%) to £527.1m, Local Pubs revenue was up 139.7% (52-week proforma: up 
41.3%) to £315.9m, and Premium, Urban and Venture revenue was up 181.7% (52-week proforma: up 49.2%) to £235.8m. Pub Partners revenue 
was £109.6m, up 168.6% (52-week proforma: up 50.3%). Brewing & Brands revenue increased 109.6% (52-week proforma: up 33.1%) to £153.2m.

Group adjusted operating profit/(loss) by segment

52 weeks ended
2 January 2022

36 weeks ended
3 January 2021

change from 
F20SY

£m

20.9

2.6

6.8

35.1

0.9

(47.7)

18.6

£m

(62.3)

(54.3)

(42.0)

0.9 

(18.1)

(10.0)

(185.8)

%

133.5

104.8

116.2

3,800.0

105.0

(377.0)

110.0

Proforma  
52 weeks ended  
3 January 2021 
£m

(72.4)

(57.7)

(39.6)

13.1

(20.2)

(10.1)

(186.9)

YOY  
Change

%

128.9

104.5

117.2

167.9

104.5

(372.3)

110.0

Destination Food Brands

Local Pubs

Premium, Urban and Venture

Pub Partners

Brewing & Brands

Corporate

Group adjusted  
operating profit (loss)

Net finance costs before adjusting items were up 41.3% to £132.4m, which decreased 3.4% compared to the 52-week proforma primarily  
due to a reduction in lease interest costs following the acquisition of several freehold reversions. Loss before tax and adjusting items was  
£113.8m, which is materially improved versus the loss before tax, adjusting items of £279.5m for the 36 weeks ending 3 January 2021  
(52-week proforma: £323.9m loss). A statutory loss before tax of £70.4m was incurred (36 weeks ended 3 January (“2021”): £248.6m loss),  
after net impairment reversals of £8.2m (2021: £30.1m), a credit in respect of VAT on gaming machines including interest of £33.4m  
(2021: £7.0m credit) and a credit of £5.4m in relation to Covid (2021: £8.7m credit). Corporate adjusted operating loss increased £37.7m  
to £47.7m compared to the 36 weeks ended 3 January 2021 primarily due to increased investment in central functions as well as an  
increase in net payroll costs as a result of fewer corporate employees being furloughed in the current period.

Tax 
The effective rate of corporation tax (before adjusting items) of 19.0% (2021: 19.3%) is in line with the UK corporation tax rate of 19.0%. 
Adjustments to the rate include non-deductible interest under UK Transfer Pricing rules (-3.8%), the effect of accelerated Capital Allowances 
(+1.4%) and non-adjusting accounting movements on Property, Plant & Equipment (+2.4%). This resulted in a tax credit against operating  
profits (before adjusting items) of £55.5m (2021: £53.8m credit). The adjusting tax charge of £16.9m (2021: £74.9m charge) is discussed  
under adjusting items.

The group generates revenue, profits and employment that deliver substantial tax revenues for the UK government in the form of VAT, duties, 
income tax and corporation tax. In the year, total tax revenues paid and collected by the group were c.£298m (2021: c.£152m). The decrease  
in tax liability in the year was driven by reductions in duty and VAT liabilities as a result of the impact of Covid. The group’s tax policy, which  
has been approved by the group’s board committee and which will be subject to regular review by the board of directors of the group,  
has the objective of ensuring that the group fulfils its obligations as a responsible UK taxpayer.

Adjusting Items 
Adjusting items was a credit of £26.5m (2021: £43.7m charge), consisting of a £45.2m credit (2021: £36.5m credit) to operating profit,  
a £1.8m (2021: £5.6m) charge to finance costs and a net adjusting tax charge of £16.9m (2021: £74.6m). Material items recognised  
in the year included the following:

1.   During the period to 2 January 2022 the group has recognised 
a net impairment reversal of £8.2m (2021: £30.1m), comprising 
£8.2m (2021: £30.4m) net reversal in relation to property, plant  
& equipment, and right-of-use asset and £nil (2021: £0.3m charge) 
on other financial assets.

2.   A credit of £5.4m (2021: £8.7m credit) in relation to Covid.  
This includes a charge of £0.9m (2021: £5.1m charge) in  
respect of stock write-offs or provisions, a net credit of £5.0m  
(2021: £19.3m) on bad debt provisions on both free trade loans  
as well as trade debt, a net £2.1m credit (2021: £5.5m charge)  
of direct one-off items directly attributable to the forced closure 
and reopening of pubs and a £0.8m charge (2021: £nil) in respect 
of costs incurred in obtaining certain waivers from its bondholders.

3.   The group previously paid c.£30m of disputed VAT to HMRC in 

relation to gaming machines post 2005 claims. Due to the strength 
of the ruling from the First Tier Tribunal regarding this case and 
HMRC’s decision not to appeal the group considers the £29.2m 
recoverable (2021: £7.0m relating to the pre 2005 claims). This has 
been recognised as income in the period along with associated 
interest of £4.2m relating to the pre and post 2005 claims. 

4.   The £1.8m charge for adjusting finance costs included a  
£7.3m charge (2021: £5.6m charge) recycled from the  
hedging reserve in respect of settled interest rate swap  
liabilities, £4.2m income (2021: £nil) in respect of interest  
on indirect tax claims (see above) and £1.3m gain (2021: £nil)  
in respect of market-to market movements in the fair value  
of interest rate swaps not qualifying for hedge accounting.  

5.   The adjusting tax credit of £16.9m (2021: £74.6m) is primarily  

in respect of an increase to the deferred tax asset recognised on 
the Corporate Interest Restriction of £37.2m offset by a one-off 
adjustment to increase the net deferred tax liability following the 
recognition of deferred tax balances at the enacted Corporation 
Tax rate of 25% of £18.0m. 

36 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

37

Cashflow and Capital Structure

Balance sheet

2 January 2022
£m

3 January 2021
£m

912.6

3,723.5

136.8

913.4

3,668.7

48.3

(2,994.3)

(2,877.9)

(112.8)

(353.1)

(63.6)

195.4

1,444.5

308.4

1,136.1

1,444.5

(161.2)

(223.2)

(123.6)

118.7

1,363.2

308.4

1,054.8

1,363.2

EBITDA

Working capital and other movements

Net interest paid

Tax (paid)/received

Adjusted cash generated/(used) from operations

Core capital expenditure

Net repayment of trade loans/ Other non-cash movements

Repayment of lease liabilities

Free cash flow

Net disposal proceeds

New build capital expenditure & freehold purchase

Adjusting items

Advance of borrowings 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents

52 weeks ended
2 January 2022
£m

36 weeks ended
3 January 2021
£m

156.3

89.3

(102.7)

(0.2)

142.7

(68.0)

2.8

(70.3)

7.2

0.6

(114.7)

(8.0)

63.9

(51.0)

(77.5)

(61.7)

(67.4)

10.4

(196.2)

(36.9)

1.1

(21.3)

(253.3)

7.7

(389.1)

(11.6)

771.4

125.1

The group has historically been highly cash generative, but the 
adverse impact of Covid on both trading and working capital flows 
has been unprecedented. The group continued its cash conservation 
measures during the first half of the year so the group was in a strong 
financial position to bounce back when pubs re-opened. The full year 
cash inflow from operations was £142.7m (2021: outflow £196.2m) 
demonstrating the group’s recovery in the second half of the year  
when the pubs were predominantly trading throughout the period. 
Overall the cash outflow for the period was £51.0m (2021: inflow 
£125.1m) predominantly due to investment in capital expenditure of 
£182.7m (2021: £426.0m), rent payments of £70.3m (2021: £21.3m) 
including £28.0m relating to amounts due at 3 January 2021 offset  
by a net advance of borrowings of £63.9m (2021: £771.4m). 

Core capital expenditure was limited to that of a maintenance  
nature, investment in some development of outside space in  
managed sites and investment in digital transformation projects.  
No dividend has been proposed or paid. Net disposal proceeds  
of £0.6m were generated from 12 non-core pubs. The group 
purchased the freehold of 30 sites that were previously leased  
via a company share acquisition for £95.4m consideration.  
In addition, £19.3m was spent on four single site acquisitions  
and the freehold reversion of three further sites, including  
subsequent development spend on these sites.

In order to support the long-term strategic priorities, the group’s 
objective is to maximise the strength and flexibility of its balance 
sheet, and to maintain a capital structure which meets the short, 
medium, and long-term funding requirements of the business.  
The principal elements of the group’s capital structure are its  
£600m bank facilities, which were £300m drawn at the year end, 
£1,500m revolving loan facility with CKA Holdings UK Limited,  
which was £1.376m drawn at the year end, and two long-term  
asset-backed financing vehicles. In April 2022 the revolving loan facility 
with CKA Holdings UK Limited was extended to November 2024.

At the year end, the Greene King securitisation had secured bonds 
with a group carrying value of £1,314.6m (2021: £1,360.5m) and an 
average life of eight years (2021: eight years), secured against 1,481 
pubs (2021: 1,485 pubs) with a group property, plant & equipment 
carrying value of £1,945.7m (2021: £1,953.1m). The Spirit debenture 
had secured bonds with a carrying value of £99.5m (2021: £99.8m)  
and an average life of nine years (2021: ten years), secured against  
518 pubs (2021: 530 pubs) with a group property, plant &  
equipment carrying value of £461.2m (2021: £462.2m).

During the period the Greene King securitisation breached its  
FCF DSCR covenant, resulting in a borrower-level event of default. 
In May 2021 the group obtained a bondholder waiver in relation to 
breaches of the four quarter lookback FCF DSCR covenant for the 
five quarters ending April 2021 through April 2022 and the two 
quarter lookback FCF DSCR covenant for the three quarters ending 
April 2021 through to October 2021. As a consequence of the Covid 
pandemic, in the prior period the Spirit debenture breached its Free 
Cash Flow Debt Service Coverage Ratio (FCF DSCR) covenants, 
resulting in multiple borrower-level events of default. In August 2020 
the group sought, but failed to obtain, a bondholder waiver in respect 
of certain of these events of default, and in light of the failure to 
obtain that initial waiver the group has not sought further waivers 
in respect of subsequent covenant breaches. As a result, the Spirit 
debenture remained in a state of technical default at the year-end. 
We consider the risk of enforcement to be very low, but we maintain 
sufficient headroom under our loan facilities to fund the repayment 
of the outstanding debt should the bondholders seek to enforce. 

Although it is certain that the group’s credit metrics have 
deteriorated as a result of the reduced trade arising from the  
Covid pandemic, its liquidity position remains strong reflecting  
the resilience of the group’s capital structure. The group’s average 
cash cost of debt reduced to 3.5% from 4.1% last year, and at  
the year-end 93.2% of the group’s net debt was at a fixed rate.  

Goodwill and other intangibles

Property, plant and equipment (inc. assets held for sale)

Post-employment assets

Net debt

Derivative financial instruments

Trade and other payables 

Net IFRS 16 liability 

Other net assets

Net assets

Share capital and premium

Reserves

Total equity

The Greene King secured vehicle had a two quarter lookback  
FCF DSCR of 1.3x at the year end, giving 17% headroom to the 
covenant limit of 1.1x. The Spirit debenture vehicle had a FCF  
DSCR ratio of -2.8x, which is below the covenant limit of 1.3x.

Overall, the group’s net debt increased in the year by £116.4  
to £2,994.3m. 

Pensions 
The group maintains two defined contribution schemes, which are 
open to all new team members and two defined benefit schemes, 
which are closed to new entrants and to future accrual.

At 2 January 2022, there was an IAS 19 net pension asset of £136.8m 
representing an increase of £88.5m since 3 January 2021. The closing 
assets of the group’s two pension schemes totalled £1,002.6m and 
closing liabilities were £865.8m compared to £993.3m and £945.0m 
respectively at the previous year end. Included in the remeasurement 
are key assumptions relating to the discount rate of 1.9% (2021: 
1.4%), RPI inflation of 3.3% (2021: 2.9%) and CPI inflation of 2.6% 
(2021: 2.1%). In the current year, the remeasurement relating to 
the Spirit pension scheme also included the adoption of a scheme 
specific mortality table. Total cash contributions in the period were 
£4.5m (2021: £3.0m).

The triennial valuations are ongoing for both pension schemes and 
are on track to meet the regulatory deadlines of 5 July 2022 for the 
Greene King scheme and 30 September 2022 for the Spirit scheme. 

Dividend 
No dividend has been proposed by the board in the current  
or prior period. 

 
 
38 Greene King Limited  |  The Year in Review - 2021

39

Registered office

Westgate Brewery, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP33 1QT