Quarterlytics / Energy / Oil & Gas Midstream / Gibson Energy / FY2021 Annual Report

Gibson Energy
Annual Report 2021

GEI · TSX Energy
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Industry Oil & Gas Midstream
Employees 501-1000
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FY2021 Annual Report · Gibson Energy
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 

BUSINESS OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................................ 2 

2021 REVIEW ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND TRENDS IMPACTING THE BUSINESS ........................................................................................................ 4 

EXPENSES .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 

LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................................... 9 

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES AND EQUITY INVESTMENTS ............................................................................................................................. 13 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................................... 13 

OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA ................................................................................................................................................................... 13 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK ................................................................................................ 14 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES ......................................................................................................................... 15 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES ........................................................................................................................................................................... 16 

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS & PROCEDURES ................................................................................................................................................ 17 

SPECIFIED FINANCIAL MEASURES ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 

RISK FACTORS .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION AND ADVISORY STATEMENT ........................................................................................................ 34 

TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................................................................. 37 

Basis of Presentation  

The following MD&A was prepared and approved by the Board of Gibson Energy Inc. (“we”, “our”, “us”, “Gibson”, “Gibson Energy” or 
the “Company”) as of February 22, 2022 and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and 
related notes of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, which were prepared under International Financial 
Reporting  Standards  as  issued  by  the  International  Accounting  Standards  Board,  also  referred  to  as  GAAP.  Amounts  are  stated  in 
thousands  of  Canadian  dollars  except  volumes  and  per  share  data,  unless  otherwise  noted.  Additional  information  about  Gibson, 
including our AIF for the year ended December 31, 2021 is available on our SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com and on our website at 
www.gibsonenergy.com. This MD&A contains forward-looking statements and specified financial measures and readers are cautioned 
that  this  MD&A  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  Company’s  disclosures  under  “Forward-Looking  Information  and  Advisory 
Statement” and “Specified Financial Measures”. For a list of common terms or abbreviations used in this MD&A, refer to “Terms and 
abbreviations”.  

Specified Financial Measures  

The  Company  has  identified  certain  specified  financial  measures  that  management  believes  provide  meaningful  information  in 
assessing the Company’s underlying performance. Readers are cautioned that these measures do not have a standardized meaning 
prescribed by GAAP and therefore may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other entities. Refer to the ”Specified 
Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for a list and description, including reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP 
measures, of such measures.  

2 
 
 
 
 
 
BUSINESS OVERVIEW  

Gibson  is  a  Canadian-based  liquids  infrastructure  company  with  its  principal  businesses  consisting  of  the  storage,  optimization, 
processing, and gathering of liquids and refined products. Headquartered in Calgary, Alberta, the Company’s operations are focused 
around  its  core  terminal  assets  located  at  Hardisty  and  Edmonton,  Alberta,  and  also  include  the  Moose  Jaw  Facility  and  an 
infrastructure position in the United States. 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL RESULTS 

($ thousands, except where noted) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

Change 

Years ended December 31, 
2021 

2020 

Change 

Revenue 

Segment Profit (3) 

Adjusted EBITDA (1,2) 

Net income 

2,119,027 

1,320,689 

798,338 

7,211,148 

4,938,066 

2,273,082 

120,667 

84,345 

36,322 

475,196 

469,047 

6,149 

103,762 

81,888 

21,874 

445,218 

444,915 

303 

43,917 

12,442 

31,475 

145,053 

121,309 

23,744 

Cash flow from operating activities 

3,186 

44,940 

(41,754) 

216,806 

459,551 

(242,745) 

Distributable cash flow (1) 

64,396 

54,096 

10,300 

291,073 

298,888 

(7,815) 

Growth capital including equity investments (4) 

38,489 

60,807 

(22,318) 

153,797 

308,944 

(155,147) 

Dividends declared 

51,319 

49,494 

1,825 

205,154 

198,667 

6,487 

Trailing twelve months – As at December 31, 
Change  

2020 

2021 

Ratios  
Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio (5) 
Debt to capitalization ratio 
Interest coverage ratio  
Dividend payout ratio (5) 

Revenue 
Net income  

Basic income per share ($/share) 
Diluted income per share ($/share) 
Dividends ($/share) 

Total assets  
Total non-current liabilities 

3.2 
50% 
10.9 
70% 

2.8 
46% 
8.6 
66% 

0.4 
4% 
2.3 
4% 

Years ended December 31, 
2021 

2020 

2019 

  7,211,148 
145,053 

4,938,066 
121,309 

7,336,322 
176,339 

0.99 
0.97 
1.40 

0.83 
0.82 
1.36 

1.21 
1.19 
1.32 

As at December 31, 

2021 
  3,431,760 
  1,991,126 

2020 
3,067,160 
1,856,236 

2019 
2,976,690 
1,626,916 

(1)  Adjusted EBITDA and distributable cash flow are non-GAAP financial measures. See the “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for information 

on each non-GAAP financial measure.  

(2)  Effective Q1 2021, the Company has updated the manner in which it determines adjusted EBITDA and prior period comparative figures have been restated 
to conform to this new presentation. See “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for the definition and reconciliations of adjusted EBITDA  

(3)  Total segment profit is a total of segments measure. See the “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for more information. 
(4)  Growth capital including equity investments is a supplementary financial measure. See the “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for more 

information. 

(5)  Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio and dividend payout ratio are non-GAAP financial ratios. See the “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for 

more information on each non-GAAP financial ratio. 

3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2021 REVIEW 

o  Revenue of $7,211.1 million increased by $2,273.1 million  for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $4,938.1 
million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  primarily  due  to  higher  commodity  prices  and  volumes  increasing  the 
contribution from the Marketing segment.  

o 

Segment profit of $475.2 million increased by $6.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $469.0 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2020. The change was due to an increase in Infrastructure segment profit of $59.5 million, 
primarily driven by the contribution from additional tankage at Hardisty that was placed into service in the fourth quarter of 
2020, contribution from the DRU commencing operations during the third quarter of 2021 and the receipt of a one-time 
payment for the present value of the remaining term of a rail loading contract during the current year. This was largely offset 
by a decrease in Marketing segment profit of $53.4 million, primarily due to significant opportunities created by volatility in 
crude oil differentials in the first half of 2020. 

o  Adjusted EBITDA of $445.2 million increased by $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $444.9 
million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The factors identified above impacted adjusted EBITDA, as well as slightly 
lower general and administrative expenses in the prior year as a result of certain credits recognized.  

o  Net income of $145.1 million increased by $23.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $121.3 million 

for the year ended December 31, 2020, primarily due to higher debt extinguishment costs incurred in the prior year. 

o  Cash flow from operating activities of $216.8 million decreased by $242.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 
compared to $459.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, primarily due to changes in working capital items, as well 
as the factors described above. 

o  Distributable cash flow of $291.1 million decreased by $7.8 million, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 
$298.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, a result of the factors described above impacting adjusted EBIDTA, as 
well as higher income tax expense and lower lease payments in 2021. This resulted in a dividend payout ratio of 70% for the 
year ended December 31, 2021.  

o  Growth  capital  expenditures  including  equity  investments  was  $153.8  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021, 
primarily  directed  towards  completing  the  construction  of  the  DRU  and  various  infrastructure  projects  at  the  Edmonton 
Terminal. 

o  Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio of 3.2x as at December 31, 2021, an increase of 0.4x, compared to 2.8x as at December 
31, 2020, primarily due to increase in net debt. Long-term debt as at December 31, 2021 was $1,660.6 million (December 31, 
2020 - $1,449.5 million). 

o  The Company declared annual dividends of $1.40 per common share for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 
$1.36 per common share for the year ended December 31, 2020. Total dividends declared for the year ended December 31, 
2021 were $205.2 million, compared to $198.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

o  On March 31, 2021, the Company entered into a long-term agreement with Suncor Energy Inc. for services at the Edmonton 
Terminal and the related sanction of a biofuels blending project on a fixed-fee basis and a 25-year term to  facilitate the 
storage, blending and transportation of renewable diesel.  

o  On August 3, 2021, the Company announced the sanction of new tankage at its Edmonton Terminal, with an investment 

grade counterparty. 

o  On August 26, 2021, the Company announced the renewal of the Company’s normal course issuer bid for an additional one-
year period, until August 31, 2022, allowing the repurchase and cancellation of up to 10% or 11,715,229 of the issued and 
outstanding common shares. 

o  On September 13, 2021, the Company announced the addition of Ms. Juliana Lam to the Company’s Board. 

o  On October 14, 2021, the Company announced its 2050 net zero carbon commitment, and announced an “AAA” rating from 
MSCI ESG Ratings, being the only company in MSCI ESG Ratings’ Oil & Gas Refining, Marketing, Transportation and Storage 
sector in North America to receive this leadership rating.   

o  On December 6, 2021, the Company announced its 2022 growth capital expenditure target of approximately $150 million 

with an additional allocation of between $25 million and $30 million in replacement capital expenditures.  

o  During the third quarter, the DRU commenced operations and on December 14, 2021 the Company announced the DRU was 

fully in-service operating at or above its nameplate capacity of 50,000 barrels per day.  

4 
 
 
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

o  On January 11, 2022, the Company announced the addition of Ms. Heidi Dutton to the Company’s Board. 

o  On February 22, 2022, the Board declared a quarterly dividend of $0.37 per common share, an increase of $0.02 per common 
share, for the first quarter on its outstanding common shares. The common share dividend is payable on April 14, 2022 to 
shareholders of record at the close of business on March 31, 2022.   

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND TRENDS IMPACTING THE BUSINESS 

Gibson  regularly  evaluates  its  long-range  strategic  plan  in  order  to  assess  the  implications  of  emerging  macroeconomic,  societal, 
political and industry trends, and how these trends have the potential to affect Gibson’s business and prospects over the short-term 
and the medium to long-term. Management has identified the primary risk factors that could have a material impact on the financial 
results and operations of the Company. Such risk factors are described in the "Risk Factors" section of this MD&A and are also included 
in the AIF. The Company's financial and operational performance is potentially affected by a number of factors, including, but not 
limited to, the factors described within the "Forward-Looking Information and Advisory Statement" section of this MD&A. This MD&A 
contains  forward-looking  statements  based  on  Company's  current  expectations,  estimates,  projections  and  assumptions.  This 
information is provided to assist readers in understanding the Company's future plans and expectations and may not be appropriate 
for other purposes. 

The Company’s senior management evaluates segment performance based on a variety of measures depending on the segment being 
evaluated, including segment profit, segment revenue and volumes. The Company defines segment profit as revenue less cost of sales 
(excluding depreciation, amortization and impairment charges) and operating expenses. Segment profit also includes the Company’s 
share  of  equity  pick  up  from  equity  accounted  investees.  Segment  revenue  presented  in  the  tables  below  include  inter-segment 
revenue,  as  this  is  considered  more  indicative  of  the  level  of  each  segment’s  activity.  Profit  by  segment  excludes  depreciation, 
amortization, accretion, impairment charges, stock-based compensation, and corporate expenses such as income taxes, interest and 
general and administrative expenses, as senior management looks at each period’s earnings before corporate expenses and non-cash 
items,  as  one  of  the  Company’s  important  measures  of  segment  performance.  The  exclusion  of  depreciation,  amortization  and 
impairment expense could be viewed as limiting the usefulness of segment profit as a performance measure because it does not take 
into  account,  in  current  periods,  the  implied  reduction  in  value  of  the  Company’s  capital  assets  (such  as,  tanks,  pipelines  and 
connections, and plant and equipment) caused by use, aging and wear and tear. Repair and maintenance expenditures that do not 
extend  the  useful  life,  improve  the  efficiency  or  expand  the  operating  capacity  of  the  Company’s  capital  assets  are  charged  to 
operating expense as incurred. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure that, as described in “Specified Financial Measures”, adjusts 
for certain non-cash items that are not reflective of ongoing operations while still being included in the segment profit.  

The Company’s segment analysis involves an element of judgment relating to the allocations between segments. Inter-segment sales, 
cost of sales and operating expenses are eliminated on consolidation. Transactions between segments and within segments are valued 
at prevailing market rates. The Company believes that the estimates with respect to these allocations and rates are reasonable.  

The following is a discussion of the Company’s segmented results of operations for the three months and years ended December 31, 
2021 and 2020: 

INFRASTRUCTURE 

The Infrastructure segment is comprised of a network of liquids infrastructure assets that include crude oil terminals, rail loading and 
unloading  facilities,  gathering  pipelines,  a  crude  oil processing  facility  and  other small  terminals.  The  primary  facilities  within  this 
segment include the Hardisty and Edmonton Terminals, which are the principal hubs for aggregating and exporting crude oil and 
refined  products  out  of  the  WCSB;  the  DRU  which  is  located  adjacent  to  the  Hardisty  Terminal;  gathering  pipelines  which  are 
connected to the Hardisty Terminal; an infrastructure position located in the U.S.; and the Moose Jaw Facility, which is impacted by 
maintenance turnarounds occurring within the spring every few years.  

The Company is responding to the energy transition and evaluating strategic opportunities including advancing select projects and 
investing in new technologies. Desire for low carbon alternatives by customers, increasing competition and changes in demand could 
have an impact on the nature of services offered as the Company executes on those plans. Also, the infrastructure segment primarily 
derives revenue from stable long-term take-or-pay agreements with investment grade counterparties, such trends could also impact 
Company’s ability to renew or renegotiate these contracts and may impact operational and financial results of the Infrastructure 
segment.  

The following table sets forth the operating results from the Company’s Infrastructure segment for the three months and years ended 
December 31, 2021 and 2020:  

5 
 
 
 
 
($ thousands, except volumes) 

Three months ended December 31, 
Change 

2020 

2021 

Years ended December 31, 
Change 

2020 

2021 

Volumes (in thousands of bbls) 

129,318 

108,833 

20,485 

467,295 

408,427 

58,868 

Revenue 
Operating expenses & other (1) 
Segment profit  

126,781 
21,474 
105,307 

116,214 
22,975 
93,239 

10,567 
(1,501) 
12,068 

519,762 
85,833 
433,929 

465,320 
90,896 
374,424 

54,442 
(5,063) 
59,505 

Adjusted EBITDA (2,3) 

105,921 

93,742 

12,179 

436,480 

373,755 

62,725 

Includes the Company’s share of equity pick up from equity accounted investees.  

(1) 
(2)  Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. See the “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for information on each non-GAAP 

financial measure. 

(3)  Effective Q1 2021, the Company updated the manner in which it determines adjusted EBITDA and prior period comparative figures have been represented to 
conform to this new presentation. See “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for the definition and reconciliations of adjusted EBITDA. 

Operational performance 

In the three months and year ended December 31, 2021, compared to the three months and year ended December 31, 2020: 

Infrastructure volumes increased by 20.5 million barrels or 19%, and 58.9 million barrels or 14%, largely attributable to the addition 
of 1.5 million barrels of additional tankage at Hardisty that was placed into service in the fourth quarter of 2020 as well as additional 
throughput by certain customers at Hardisty. 

Financial performance 

In the three months and year ended December 31, 2021 compared to three months and year ended December 31, 2020: 

Revenue increased by $10.6 million or 9% and $54.4 million or 12%, primarily driven by the contribution of additional tankage at 
Hardisty that was placed into service in the fourth quarter of 2020 and a $19.9 million payment for the present value of the remaining 
term of a rail loading contract in the second quarter of 2021, partly offset by reduced revenue for the remainder of the year as a result 
of the early payout of the rail loading contract. 

Operating  expenses  and  other  decreased  by  $1.5  million  and  $5.1  million  primarily  driven  by  increased  equity  pickup  from  the 
Company’s equity investments, and the reversal of an accrual in the first quarter of 2021 pertaining to a regulatory matter.  

Primarily as a result of the factors discussed above, adjusted EBITDA and segment profit increased by $12.2 million and $12.1 million 
in the three month period and $62.7 million and $59.5 million for the annual period.  

MARKETING 

The  Marketing  segment  involves  the purchasing,  selling, storing  and  optimizing  of  hydrocarbon  products  as  part  of supplying  the 
Moose Jaw Facility and marketing its refined products as well as helping to drive volumes through the Company’s key infrastructure 
assets. The Marketing segment also engages in optimization opportunities which are typically location, quality and time-based. The 
hydrocarbon products include crude oil, natural gas liquids, road asphalt, roofing flux, frac oils, light and heavy straight run distillates 
and an oil-based mud product. The Marketing segment sources the majority of its hydrocarbon products from Western Canada as 
well as the Permian basin and markets those products throughout Canada and the U.S.  

The Marketing segment is exposed to commodity price fluctuations arising between the time contracted volumes are purchased and 
the time they are sold, as well as being exposed to pricing differentials between different geographic markets and/or hydrocarbon 
qualities. These risks are managed by purchasing and selling products at prices based on the same or similar indices or benchmarks, 
and through physical and financial contracts that include energy-related forward contracts, swaps, futures, options and other hedging 
instruments. Fair values of these derivative contracts fluctuate depending on the commodity prices and can impact segment profits 
in the form of realized or unrealized gains and losses, often offset by physical inventories, that can change significantly period over 
period. The Company manages its risk exposure by balancing purchases and sales when practicable to lock-in margins; however, at 
certain times the Company may have unbalanced purchases and sales. For more information about the risks associated with our use 
of financial instruments please refer to “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks” and "Risk Factors" within this 
document and the AIF.  

Canadian road asphalt activity, related to refined products, is affected by the impact of weather conditions on road construction. Road 

6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
asphalt demand typically peaks during the summer months when most of the road construction activity in Canada takes place. In the 
off-peak demand months for road asphalt, the demand for roofing flux continues. Demand for wellsite fluids is dependent primarily 
on well drilling activities, normally the busiest in the winter in the Canadian market. Demand for NGLs is also highest in the colder 
months of the year.  

($, except where noted) 
WTI average price ($USD/bbl) 
WCS average differential ($USD/bbl) 
Average foreign exchange rates ($CAD/$USD) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2021 
77.19 
14.64 
1.26 

2020 
42.66 
9.30 
1.30 

Change 
34.53 
5.34 
(0.04) 

Years ended December 31, 
2021 
67.92 
13.05 
1.26 

2020 
39.40 
12.60 
1.34 

Change 
28.52 
0.45 
(0.08) 

The  following  table  sets  forth  operating  results  from  the  Company’s  Marketing  segment  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended 
December 31, 2021 and 2020: 

($ thousands, except volumes) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

Change 

Years ended December 31, 
2021 

2020 

Change 

Volumes (in thousands of bbls) 

52,797 

40,892 

11,905 

210,475 

159,748 

50,727 

Revenue 
Cost of sales and other expenses 
Segment profit (loss) 

2,087,825 
2,072,465 
15,360 

1,262,729 
1,271,623 
(8,894) 

825,096 
800,842 
24,254 

6,963,581 
6,922,314 
41,267 

4,665,425 
4,570,802 
94,623 

2,298,156 
2,351,512 
(53,356) 

Adjusted EBITDA (1,2) 

5,677 

(4,020) 

9,697 

43,219 

104,241 

(61,022) 

1)  Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. See the “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for information on each non-GAAP financial 

2) 

measure. 
Effective Q1 2021, the Company has updated the manner in which it determines adjusted EBITDA and prior period comparative figures have been represented 
to conform to this new presentation. See “Specified Financial Measures” section of the MD&A for this definition and reconciliations of adjusted EBITDA. 

Operational performance  

In the three months and year ended December 31, 2021, compared to the three months and year ended December 31, 2020: 

Marketing volumes increased by 11.9 million barrels or 29% and 50.7 million barrels or 32%, due to higher activity from the Canadian 
Crude Marketing business as part of engaging in certain location, time, and quality-based opportunities and higher refined product 
volumes due to both market optimization strategies employed by the Company as well as higher demand for certain products in the 
current periods.  

Financial performance  

In the three months and year ended December 31, 2021, compared to the three months and year ended December 31, 2020: 

Revenue increased by $825.1 million or 65% and $2,298.2 million or 49%, and cost of sales and other expenses increased by $800.8 
million or 63% and $2,351.5 million or 51%. The increases were largely due to higher average prices for crude oil, refined and other 
products, coupled with higher volumes during the current periods as noted above. 

Adjusted EBITDA increased by $9.7 million or 241% and decreased by $61.0 million or 59%. The increase in the three month period 
was  primarily  driven  by  improved  location,  time  and  quality  based  opportunities  for  Crude  Marketing  in  the  current  period.  The 
decrease for the annual period was primarily due to the prior period benefitting from significant opportunities created by volatility in 
crude oil differentials in the first half of 2020 for the Crude Marketing business. 

Segment profit increased by $24.3 million or 273% and decreased by $53.4 million or 56%, due to the same factors as adjusted EBITDA, 
as well as the effect of unrealized gains and losses on financial instruments in the respective periods. 

7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXPENSES 

($ thousands) 
General and administrative 
Depreciation and impairment 
Right-of-use depreciation 
Amortization and impairment 
Stock-based compensation 
Foreign exchange loss/(gain) 
Debt extinguishment costs 
Net interest expense 
Income tax expense / (recovery) 

Three months ended December 31, 

2021 
7,836 
32,264 
6,531 
2,460 
5,235 
566 
- 
14,961 
6,897 

2020 
7,834 
33,477 
9,257 
1,832 
5,726 
1,034 
2,001 
13,691 
(2,951) 

Change 
2 
(1,213) 
(2,726) 
628 
(491) 
(468) 
(2,001) 
1,270 
9,848 

Years ended December 31, 
2021 
34,481 
136,068 
29,123 
8,670 
23,335 
938 
- 
61,344 
36,184 

2020 
33,081 
124,057 
37,962 
7,403 
21,144 
(1,698) 
31,833 
64,587 
29,369 

Change 
1,400 
12,011 
(8,839) 
1,267 
2,191 
2,636 
(31,833) 
(3,243) 
6,815 

In the three months and year ended December 31, 2021, compared to the three months and year ended December 31, 2020: 

General and administrative, excluding depreciation and amortization 

General and administrative expenses stayed consistent for the three month period and increased by $1.4 million for the year ended. 
The year over year increase was primarily due to credits recorded in the comparative periods associated with a transition service 
agreement relating to the Canadian Truck Transportation business sale.  

Depreciation and impairment 

Depreciation  and  impairment  expense  decreased  by  $1.2  million  for  the  three  month  period  primarily  due  a  revision  in 
decommissioning estimates for select assets during the year. Depreciation and impairment expense increased $12.0 million for the 
year ended period primarily due to an impairment charge of $11.5 million recorded in the second quarter of 2021 in relation to certain 
non-performing assets as well as the impact of 1.5 million barrels of additional tankage placed in service in the fourth quarter of 2020. 

Right-of-use asset depreciation 

Right-of-use asset depreciation decreased by $2.7 million and $8.8 million, primarily due to reductions in the value of rail car leases, 
due to leases expiring or being renewed at reduced rates. 

Amortization and impairment 

Amortization and impairment expense was relatively consistent for the three month period and increased by $1.3 million for the year 
ended period. The year over year increase was primarily due to additional technology assets being placed in service during the year.  

Stock-based compensation 

Stock-based compensation expense was relatively consistent for the three month period and increased by $2.2 million for the year 
ended period. The year over year increase was primarily due to higher PSUs issued as a result of an increase in the PSU performance 
factor and the increase of the Company’s share price in the first quarter of the year. 

Foreign exchange loss/(gain) not affecting segment profit 

For the three months and year ended periods foreign exchange loss/(gain) not affecting segment profit decreased due to the net 
movements of the exchange rates during the respective periods.  

Debt extinguishment costs 

There were no debt extinguishment costs incurred in the current year. For the prior periods, the debt extinguishment costs related to 
the early redemption premium paid on the retirement of senior unsecured notes.  

Net interest expense 

Net interest expense increased by $1.2 million for the three month period, primarily due to reduced capitalization of interest based 
on the stage of construction of the Company’s projects and increased draws on the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility. For the year 
ended period, the net interest expense decreased by $3.2 million, primarily due to lower interest rates on long-term debt as a result 
of refinancing efforts undertaken by the Company in prior periods. 

8 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense / (recovery) 

For the three month period, income taxes increased with deferred income tax expense of $3.0 million and current income tax expense 
of $3.9 million, compared to a deferred tax expense of $2.4 million and current tax recovery of $5.3 million. For the year ended period, 
income taxes increased with deferred income tax expense of $11.1 million and current income tax expense of $25.0 million, compared 
to a deferred tax expense of $9.0 million and current tax expense of $20.3 million. The increase in income taxes for both the three 
month period and the year ended period was primarily due to an increase in taxable income. 

The effective tax rate was 13.6% and 20.0% during the three months and year ended periods, compared to negative 31.1% and 19.5%. 
The change in the three month ended period was primarily due to recoveries booked in 2020 for a tax rate adjustment related to the 
Alberta Job Creation Tax Cut. 

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS  

The following table sets forth a summary of the Company’s quarterly results for each of the last eight quarters:  

($ thousands, except per share 
amounts) 

Q4 

Q3 

2021 

Q2 

2020 

Q1 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Revenue  
Net income  
Adjusted EBITDA (1,2) 
Earnings per share  
Basic ($/share) 
Diluted ($/share) 

2,119,027  1,807,633  1,674,756  1,609,732  1,320,689  1,364,213 
17,550 
100,825 

32,777 
103,062 

43,917 
103,762 

35,996 
110,716 

32,363 
127,678 

12,442 
81,888 

794,474  1,458,690 
50,003 
117,686 

41,314 
144,516 

0.30 
0.29 

0.25 
 0.24 

0.22 
0.22 

0.22 
0.22 

0.09 
0.08 

0.12 
0.11 

0.28 
0.28 

0.34 
0.34 

1)  Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. See the “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for information on each non-GAAP financial 

measure. 

2)  Effective Q1 2021, the Company has updated the manner in which it determines adjusted EBITDA and prior period comparative figures have been restated 
to conform to this new presentation. See “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for the definition and reconciliations of adjusted EBITDA. 

For more details on the specific factors driving the periodic movements, refer to the “Results of Operations and Trends Impacting the 
Business” section of this MD&A. The following identifies the key drivers in segment profitability over the last eight quarters: 

Infrastructure – The Infrastructure segment has progressively commissioned new storage capacity and related infrastructure, typically 
underpinned by long-term, take-or-pay contracts. Select significant drivers over the past eight quarters include: 

o  The DRU commenced operations in the third quarter of 2021 

o  The Company received a payment for the present value of the remaining term of a rail loading contract in the second quarter 

of 2021 

o  1.5 million barrels of additional tankage that was placed into service at Hardisty in the fourth quarter of 2020 

o  The Gibson’s terminal, located at Wink, Texas, U.S., that was placed into service in the third quarter of 2020 

Marketing – The Marketing segment’s activities, including its location, quality and time-based strategies as well as the sale of refined 
products, are highly impacted by various factors that often fluctuate quarter over quarter. While certain of these variables, including 
exposure to the underlying commodity prices, are actively managed, the specific profit drivers for the Marketing segment generally 
vary from period to period. Crude Marketing was able to find certain opportunities in the volatile market environment immediately 
following the onset of COVID-19. More recently, the opportunities and margins available to both Crude Marketing and Moose Jaw 
Refined Products have been more limited. 

9 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE 

Liquidity Sources 

($ thousands) 

Revolving Credit Facility 
Senior unsecured notes 
Senior unsecured notes 
Senior unsecured notes 
Unsecured hybrid notes (1) 
Unamortized issue discount and debt issue costs 

Total debt outstanding 
Lease liability (includes current and long-term portion) 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Coupon 
Rate 

floating 
2.45% 
2.85% 
3.60% 
5.25% 

Total share capital 

Total capital 

Maturity 

December 31, 
2021 

December 31, 
2020 

2026 
2025 
2027 
2029 
2080 

270,000 
325,000 
325,000 
500,000 
250,000 
(9,391) 

1,660,609 
81,779 
(62,688) 

1,679,700 
1,997,255 

60,000 
325,000 
325,000 
500,000 
250,000 
(10,519) 

1,449,481 
102,742 
(53,676) 

1,498,547 
1,977,104 

3,676,955 

3,475,651 

(1)  The unsecured hybrid notes are included in the above total capital calculation in accordance with the Company’s view of its capital structure which includes 
shareholders’ equity and long-term debt, and lease liabilities. The unsecured hybrid notes and associated interest payments are excluded from the definition 
of consolidated debt for the purposes of debt to capitalization as well as the consolidated interest coverage covenant ratios. 

The Company’s primary liquidity and capital resource needs are to fund ongoing capital expenditures on growth opportunities, its 
working capital needs and its dividend. In addition, the Company must service its debt, including interest payments. The Company 
expects to source funds required to service its debt from cash and cash equivalents, cash flow from operations, its Revolving Credit 
Facility and by accessing capital markets. The Company currently anticipates its cash flow from operations, the majority of which is 
derived from long-term take-or-pay contracts, to be sufficient to meet its operating obligations, fund capital expenditures and pay its 
dividend. As a result of taking a disciplined and proactive approach, the Company has successfully extended the maturity of its debt 
portfolio  and  reduced  the  weighted  average  borrowing  cost.  The  nature  of  the  uncertainties  created  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic 
improved throughout 2021 with the continued success of regional vaccination programs, however, the Company’s ability to access 
financing  in  the  capital  markets  could  still  be  adversely  impacted.  Refer  to  "Risk  Factors”  in  this  document  and  the  AIF  for  more 
information.  The  Company  continues  to  monitor  the  situation  and  remains  satisfied  that  its  disciplined  approach  employed  with 
respect to its capital structure is appropriate given the characteristics and operations of the underlying asset base. 

The Company may adjust its capital structure as a result of changes in current or expected economic and/or market conditions or its 
underlying business. Adjustments to the capital structure may result in refinancing or renegotiating its existing debt, issuance of new 
debt, issuance of equity or hybrid securities and the repurchase of shares. As at December 31, 2021 the Company has a normal course 
issuer bid on the TSX, which expires August 31, 2022, under which the Company repurchased no shares during the year.   

Revolving Credit Facility 

The Revolving Credit Facility is available to provide financing for working capital, fund capital expenditures and other general corporate 
purposes. In the second quarter of 2021, the Company extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility from February 2025 
to April 2026 and, among other amendments, adjusted its pricing mechanism to include sustainability linked terms.  

The Revolving Credit Facility permits letters of credit, swingline loans and borrowings in Canadian dollars and U.S. dollars. Borrowings 
under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to Canadian Prime Rate or U.S. Base Rate or U.S. LIBOR or Canadian 
Bankers Acceptance Rate, as the case may be, plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin for borrowings under the Revolving 
Credit Facility is subject to step up and step down based on the Company’s credit rating and relative performance to selected ESG 
targets. The Company must pay standby fees on the unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility and customary letter of credit fees 
equal to the applicable margins determined in a manner similar to the interest. 

10 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As  at  December  31,  2021,  the  Company  had  a  cash  balance  of  $62.7  million  and  had  the  ability  to  utilize  borrowings  under  the 
Revolving Credit Facility of $480.0 million. In addition, the Company has two bilateral demand facilities, which are available for use 
for general corporate purposes or letters of credit, totaling $150.0 million under which it had issued letters of credit totaling $35.0 
million (December 31, 2020 - $34.7 million).   

Senior unsecured notes  

The senior unsecured notes carrying a fixed 2.45% per annum coupon rate have semi-annual interest payment dates of January and 
July 14 and a maturity date of July 14, 2025.  

The senior unsecured notes carrying a fixed 2.85% per annum coupon rate have semi-annual interest payment dates of January and 
July 14 and a maturity date of July 14, 2027. 

The senior unsecured notes carrying a fixed 3.60% per annum coupon rate have semi-annual interest payment dates of March and 
September 17 and a maturity date of September 17, 2029. 

The  indenture(s)  governing  the  terms  of  the  Company’s  senior  unsecured  notes,  as  supplemented,  contains  certain  redemption 
options whereby the Company can redeem all or part of the senior unsecured notes at such prices and on such dates as set forth 
therein. In addition, the holders of the notes have the right to require the Company to repurchase the notes at the purchase prices 
set forth in the applicable indenture in the event of a change of control triggering event, being both a change in control of the Company 
or a ratings decline of the applicable notes to below an investment grade rating, as such terms are defined in the applicable indenture. 

Unsecured hybrid notes 

The unsecured hybrid notes currently carrying a 5.25% per annum coupon rate have a maturity date of December 22, 2080. Interest 
is  payable  semi-annually  on  June  22  and  December  22  of  each  year  the  notes  are  outstanding  from  December  22,  2020  to,  but 
excluding, December 22, 2030. From, and including, December 22, 2030, during each Interest Reset Period (as defined in the applicable 
indenture) during which the notes are outstanding, the interest rate on the unsecured hybrid notes will be reset at a fixed rate per 
annum equal to the 5-Year Government of Canada Yield on the business day prior to such Interest Reset Date  (as defined in the 
applicable indenture) plus, (i) for the period from, and including, December 22, 2030 to, but not including, December 22, 2050, 4.715% 
and (ii) for the period from, and including, December 22, 2050 to, but not including, the maturity date, 5.465% in each case, to be 
reset by the Calculation Agent (as defined in the applicable indenture) on each Interest Reset Date and with the interest during such 
period payable in arrears, in equal semi-annual payments on June 22 and December 22 in each year.  

The indenture governing the terms of the unsecured hybrid notes, as supplemented, contains certain redemption options whereby 
the Company can redeem all or part of the unsecured hybrid notes at such prices and on such dates as set forth therein. In addition, 
the holders of the unsecured hybrid notes have the right to require the Company to repurchase the unsecured hybrid notes at the 
purchase prices set forth in the applicable indenture in the event of a change in control triggering event, being both a change of 
control of the Company or a ratings decline of the applicable notes to below an investment grade rating, as such terms are defined in 
the applicable indenture. 

The unsecured hybrid notes receive a 50% equity treatment by the Company’s rating agencies, under certain conditions. 

Cash Flow Summary  

The Company’s operating cash flow is generally impacted by the overall profitability and working capital requirements within the 
Company’s segments, the Company’s ability to invoice and collect from customers in a timely manner and the Company’s ability to 
efficiently implement the Company’s growth strategy and manage costs.  

The following table summarizes the Company’s sources and uses of funds from operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 
and 2020: 

Statement of cash flows  
($ thousands) 
Cash inflow (outflow): 
Operating activities 
Investing activities 
Financing activities 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents 

Years ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

Change 

216,806 
(127,060) 
(82,955) 
6,791 

459,551 
(303,954) 
(149,399) 
6,198 

(242,745) 
176,894 
66,444 
593 

11 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash inflow from operating activities 

Cash inflow from operating activities was $216.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $459.6 million in the 
year ended December 31, 2020. The changes were driven by the following: 

o  Cash outflow from changes in working capital of $183.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to cash 
inflow of $27.3 million in the prior year. The change was primarily driven by changes in items of working capital balances, 
largely related to increasing commodity prices throughout 2021 and the impact of higher inventory levels held in storage; 
and 

o  Higher income tax installments paid in the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to prior year by $21.5 million.  

Cash inflow and outflow from operating activities and working capital requirements for the Marketing segment are strongly influenced 
by the amount of inventory purchased and subsequently held in storage, as well as by the commodity prices at which inventory is 
bought and sold. Commodity prices and inventory demand fluctuate over the course of the year in relation to general market forces 
and seasonal demand for certain products, and, accordingly, working capital requirements related to inventory also fluctuate with 
changes in commodity prices and demand. The primary drivers of working capital requirements are the collection of amounts related 
to sales of products such as crude oil, asphalt and other products and fees for services associated with the Company’s Infrastructure 
segment. Offsetting these collections are payments for purchases of crude oil and other products, primarily within the Marketing 
segment, and other expenses. Historically, the Marketing segment has been the most variable with respect to generating cash flows 
and working capital due to the impact of crude oil price levels and the volatility that price changes and crude oil grade basis changes 
have on the cash flows and working capital requirements of this segment (refer to “Results of Operations and Trends Impacting the 
Business” section for more details). 

Cash outflow from investing activities 

Cash outflow from investing activities was $127.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $304.0 million in the 
year ended December 31,  2020 and consists primarily of  capital expenditures related to the construction of infrastructure at the 
Hardisty and Edmonton Terminals, and contributions to our equity investment to fund construction of the DRU. The period over period 
decrease primarily resulted from the relative stage of construction on each of these projects and the decrease in the growth capital 
budget for 2021, relative to  2020. For a summary of capital expenditures, see the “Capital Expenditures and  Equity Investments” 
discussion included in this MD&A. 

Cash outflow from financing activities 

Cash outflow from financing activities was $83.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $149.4 million in the year 
ended December 31, 2020. The net decrease of $66.4 million was primarily related to the Company’s draws on the Revolving Credit 
Facility of $210.0 million in the current year compared to the net proceeds receiving from refinancing activity in the prior year of 
$173.0 million. Furthermore, when compared to the prior annual period, there was a reduction in the Company’s interest payments 
of $7.8 million, lease payments of $9.3 million and share repurchases under the Company’s normal course issuer bid of $18.6 million. 
This was partially offset by higher aggregate dividends paid in the current year of $6.1 million. 

Credit Ratings and Covenants 

The Company’s ability to access debt in the capital markets depends, in part, on the credit ratings determined by rating agencies for 
the Company’s debt. A downgrade could increase the interest rates applicable to borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility or 
increase the interest rate applicable on any new or restructured debt issuances. Credit ratings are intended to provide investors with 
an independent measure of credit quality of an issue of securities. Credit ratings are not recommendations to purchase, hold or sell 
securities and do not address the market price or suitability of a specific security for a particular investor. There is no assurance that 
any rating will remain in effect for any given period of time or that any rating will not be revised or withdrawn entirely by a rating 
agency in the future if, in its judgment, circumstances so warrant. 

Rating agencies will regularly evaluate our financial strength. A credit rating downgrade could impair the Company’s ability to enter 
into arrangements with suppliers or counterparties and could limit its access to private and public credit markets in the future and 
increase the costs of borrowing. The Company’s senior unsecured notes are rated, on a solicited basis, by DBRS Limited as ‘BBB (low)’ 
and Standard & Poor’s Rating Services, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, as ‘BBB-’. For a fulsome discussion of credit ratings, 
and their impact on the Company, refer to the AIF.  

The Company is also required to meet certain specific and customary affirmative and negative financial covenants under its Revolving 
Credit Facility, senior unsecured notes and unsecured hybrid notes, including the maintenance of certain financial ratios, requiring 
the Company to maintain a total consolidated debt to capitalization ratio not greater than 65% as well as to maintain a minimum 
consolidated interest coverage ratio of no less than 2.5 to 1.0. The consolidated total debt to capitalization ratio represents the ratio 

12 
 
 
of all debt obligations on the financial statements to total capitalization (total debt plus total shareholders’ equity, including certain 
adjustments). The consolidated interest coverage ratio represents the ratio of Consolidated EBITDA (as defined by the Revolving Credit 
Facility) to consolidated cash interest expense calculated in accordance with the Revolving Credit Facility.  

As at December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with the financial ratios with the total consolidated debt to capitalization 
ratio at 50% and the consolidated interest coverage ratio at 10.9 to 1.0. The covenant tests used for debt purposes excludes all of the 
unsecured hybrid notes, and the interest thereon, in the calculation. An event of default resulting from a breach of a financial covenant 
may result, at the option of the lenders holding a majority of the indebtedness, in an acceleration of the repayment of the principal 
and interest outstanding and a termination of the Revolving Credit Facility. 

The senior unsecured notes, unsecured hybrid notes and Revolving Credit Facility contain non-financial covenants that restrict, subject 
to certain thresholds, some of the Company’s activities, including the Company’s ability to dispose of assets, incur additional debt, 
pay dividends, create liens, make investments and engage in specified transactions with affiliates. They also contain customary events 
of default, including defaults based on bankruptcy and insolvency, non-payment of principal, interest and fees when due, breach of 
covenants, change in control and material inaccuracy of representations and warranties, subject to specified grace periods.     

As at December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all existing covenants under the senior unsecured notes, unsecured 
hybrid notes and Revolving Credit Facility. 

For additional information regarding these financial covenants or definitions refer to various debt agreements available on our SEDAR 
profile at www.sedar.com. 

Dividends 

The Company is currently paying quarterly dividends to holders of its common shares. The amount and timing of any future dividends 
payable by the Company will be at the discretion of the Board and established on the basis of, among other items, the Company’s 
earnings,  funding  requirements  for  operations,  the  satisfaction  of  a  solvency  calculation,  and  the  terms  of  the  Company’s  debt 
agreements and indentures. In addition, in connection with Company’s prior practice, after each fiscal year end the Board will formally 
review the annual dividend amount. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Board declared dividends of $1.40 per common 
share.  

Contractual Obligations and Contingencies 

The following table presents the Company’s obligations, and commitments to make future payments under contracts and contingent 
commitments as at December 31, 2021: 

($ thousands) 
Long-term debt  
Interest payments on long-term debt 
Lease and other commitments (1) 
Total contractual obligations 

Payments due by period 

Total 

1,670,000 
994,123 
87,091 
2,751,214 

Less than 
1 year 
- 
48,350 
30,299 
78,649 

1-3 years 

3-5 years 

- 
96,700 
38,018 
134,718 

595,000 
85,420 
16,643 
697,063 

More than 
5 years 
1,075,000 
763,653 
2,131 
1,840,784 

(1) 

Lease and other commitments relate to office leases, rail cars, vehicles, field buildings, and various equipment leases.  

The Company had provisions associated with site restoration on the retirement of assets and environmental costs of $180.3 million 
but the timing of such payments is uncertain due to the estimates used to calculate these amounts and the long-term nature of these 
balances. The Company also has commitments relating to its risk management contracts which are discussed further in “Quantitative 
and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks”. 

Contingencies 

The Company is involved in various claims and actions arising in the course of operations and is subject to various legal actions and 
exposures. Accruals for litigation, claims and assessments are recognized if the Company determines that the loss is probable, and the 
amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company believes it has made adequate provisions for such legal claims. Although the 
outcome of these claims is uncertain, the Company does not expect these matters to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s 
financial position, cash flows or operational results. If an unfavorable outcome were to occur, there exists the possibility of a material 
adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated net income or loss in the period in which the outcome is determined. While fully 
supportable in the Company’s view, some of these positions if challenged, may not be fully sustained on review. 

13 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Company  is  subject  to  various  regulatory  and  statutory  requirements  relating  to  the  protection  of  the  environment.  These 
requirements,  in  addition  to  the  contractual  agreements  and  management  decisions,  result  in  the  recognition  of  estimated 
decommissioning  obligations  and  environmental  remediation.  Estimates  of  decommissioning  obligations  and  environmental 
remediation costs can change significantly based on such factors as operating experience and changes in legislation and regulations.  

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES AND EQUITY INVESTMENTS  

($ thousands) 

Infrastructure  
Marketing  
Corporate and other projects  
Growth capital (1) 
Equity investments 
Replacement capital (1) 
Total  

  Year ended December 31, 
2021 

118,484 
2,308 
3,795 
124,587 
29,210 
22,600 
176,397 

(1)  Growth capital and replacement capital are supplementary financial measures. See the “Specified Financial Measures” section of this MD&A for information 

on each supplementary financial measure. 

The Company continues to invest capital primarily in expanding and augmenting existing terminals and associated infrastructure at 
the Hardisty Terminal, the Edmonton Terminal and in the U.S., along with the completion of the construction of the DRU. The Company 
also  continues  to  engage  in  numerous  commercial  discussions  for  additional  infrastructure.  Growth  capital  expenditures  reflect 
projects intended to improve the Company’s profitability directly or indirectly. The following represents key activities with respect to 
major growth projects during the year ended December 31, 2021:  

o 

o 

o 

HET commenced operations of the DRU, which is under a long-term take-or-pay contract. 

The Company began construction on the previously announced biofuels blending project at the Edmonton Terminal to 
facilitate the storage, blending and transportation of renewable diesel, with the project intended to be in-service in the 
second quarter of 2022. The project is currently expected to be completed on time and on budget. 

The Company began preliminary work on the previously announced 435,000-barrel tank at our Edmonton Terminal, under 
a long-term, take-or-pay contract with a new investment grade customer, expected to be placed in-service in 2023. The 
project is currently expected to be completed on time and on budget.  

Corporate and other projects represent spending on information technology initiatives at the corporate and business unit level. 

Replacement  capital  expenditures  intend  to  keep  the  Company’s  existing  infrastructure  reliably  and  safely  operating.  These 
expenditures include replacement of existing infrastructure, maintenance work which extends the economic life, scheduled tank and 
pipeline inspections.  

2022 planned capital expenditures 

On December 6, 2021, the Company announced its 2022 growth capital expenditure target of approximately $150 million with an 
additional allocation of between $25 million and $30 million in replacement capital expenditures. While the Company anticipates that 
these  planned  capital  expenditures  will  occur,  certain  capital  projects  are  subject  to  general  economic,  financial,  competitive, 
legislative, regulatory and other factors, some of which are beyond the Company’s control and could impact the Company’s ability to 
complete such activities as planned.  

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS 

The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect 
on the Company’s financial performance or financial condition. 

OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares and an unlimited number of preferred shares, provided 
that the number of preferred shares that may be issued and outstanding at any time shall be limited to a number equal to not more 
than 20% of the number of issued and outstanding common shares at the time of issuance of any preferred share. As at December 
31,  2021,  there  were  146.6  million  common  shares  outstanding  and  no  preferred  shares  outstanding.  In  addition,  under  the 

14 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company’s equity incentive plan, there were an aggregate of 2.4 million restricted share units, performance share units and deferred 
share units outstanding and 1.8 million stock options outstanding as at December 31, 2021.  

As at December 31, 2021, common share awards available to grant under the equity incentive plan were approximately 4.6 million. 

As at February 18, 2022, 146.6 million common shares, 2.5 million restricted share units, performance share units and deferred share 
units and 1.8 million stock options were outstanding. 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  

The Company is involved in various commodity related marketing activities that are intended to enhance the Company’s operations 
and increase profitability. These activities often create exposure to price risk between the time contracted volumes are purchased 
and sold and to foreign exchange risk when contracts are in different currencies (Canadian dollar versus U.S. dollar). The Company is 
also exposed to various market risks, including volatility in (i) crude oil, refined products, natural gas and NGL prices, (ii) interest rates, 
and (iii) currency exchange rates. The Company utilizes various derivative instruments from time to time to manage commodity price, 
interest rate, currency exchange rate, and, in certain circumstances, to realize incremental margin during volatile market conditions. 
The  Company’s  commodity  trading  and  risk  management  policies  and  procedures  are  designed  to  establish  and  manage  to  an 
approved level of risk. The Company has a Commodity Risk Management Committee that has direct responsibility to oversee the 
Company’s risk policies, trading controls and procedures. Additionally, certain aspects of corporate risk management are handled 
within  the  Risk  Management  Group.  The  Company’s  approved  strategies  are  intended  to  mitigate  risks  that  are  inherent  in  the 
Company’s Marketing business. To hedge the risks discussed above, the Company engages in risk management activities that the 
Company categorizes by the risks the Company is hedging and by the physical product that is creating the risk. The following discussion 
addresses each category of risk. 

Commodity Price Risk. The Company typically hedges its exposure to price fluctuations with respect to crude oil, refined products, 
natural gas, differentials and NGLs, and expected purchases and sales of these commodities (relating primarily to crude oil, roofing 
flux and purchases of NGL). The derivative instruments utilized consist primarily of futures and option contracts traded on the New 
York Mercantile Exchange, the Intercontinental Exchange and over-the-counter transactions. The Company’s policy is to transact only 
in commodity derivative products for which the Company physically transacts, and to structure the Company’s hedging activities so 
that price fluctuations for those products do not materially affect the net cash the Company ultimately receives from its commodity 
related marketing activities. 

Although the Company generally seeks to maintain a position that is substantially balanced within the Company’s various commodity 
purchase and sales activities, the Company may experience net unbalanced positions as a result of a strategy to take advantage of 
anticipated market opportunities and/or production, transportation and delivery variances as well as logistical issues associated with 
inclement weather conditions. 

The intent of the Company’s risk management strategy is to hedge the Company’s margin. However, the Company has not designated 
nor attempted to qualify for hedge accounting. Thus, changes in the fair values of the Company’s derivatives are recognized in earnings 
and result in greater potential for earnings volatility. 

The fair value of futures contracts is based on quoted market prices obtained from the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. For positions 
where independent quotations are not available, an estimate is provided, or the prevailing market price at which the positions could 
be liquidated is used. All derivative positions offset existing or anticipated physical exposures. Price-risk sensitivities were calculated 
by assuming 15% volatility in crude oil, differentials and NGL related prices, regardless of term or historical relationships between the 
contractual price of the instruments and the underlying commodity price. In the event of an increase or decrease in prices, the fair 
value  of  the  Company’s  derivative  portfolio  would  typically  increase  or  decrease,  offsetting  changes  in  the  Company’s  physical 
positions. A 15% favorable change in crude oil and NGL prices would increase the Company’s net income by $21.2 million and $12.2 
million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. A 15% unfavorable change in crude oil and NGL prices would decrease the Company’s net 
income by $21.2 million and $12.2 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. However, these changes may be offset by the use of 
one or more risk management strategies.  

Interest rate risk. The Company’s long-term debt, excluding the Revolving Credit Facility, accrues interest at fixed interest rates and 
accordingly, changes in market interest rates do not expose the Company to future interest cash outflow variability. At December 31, 
2021, the Company had $270.0 million drawn under the Revolving Credit Facility which is subject to interest rate risk, as borrowings 
bear interest at a rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either the Canadian Prime Rate, U.S. LIBOR, U.S. Base Rate or Canadian 
Bankers’  Acceptance  Rate,  plus  an  applicable  margin  based  on  the  Company’s  total  leverage  ratio.  A  1%  increase  or  decrease  in 
interest rates would, based on current rates and balances, decrease or increase the Company’s net income by $2.7 million (as at 
December 31, 2020 – $0.6 million).  

15 
 
 
Currency exchange risks. The Company’s monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated at the period-end rate. 
Exchange  differences  arising  from  this  translation  are  recorded  in  the  Company’s  statement  of  operations.  In  addition,  currency 
exposures can arise from revenue and purchase transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Generally, transactional currency 
exposures are naturally hedged (i.e. revenue and expenses are approximately matched), but, where appropriate, are covered using 
forward  exchange  contracts  or  currency  swaps.  All  of  the  foreign  currency  forward  exchange  contracts  including  currency  swaps 
entered into by the Company, although effective hedges  from an economic perspective, have not been designated as hedges for 
accounting purposes, and therefore any gains and losses on such forward exchange contracts impact the Company’s earnings. The 
Company expects to continue to enter into financial derivatives, primarily forward contracts and currency swaps, to reduce foreign 
exchange volatility.  

As at December 31, 2021, the Company had no U.S. dollar denominated debt as part of its draw on its Revolving Credit Facility.  

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES  

The  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  GAAP  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and 
assumptions. Predicting future events is inherently an imprecise activity and, as such, requires the use of judgment. Actual results 
may vary from estimates in amounts that may be material. An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting 
estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, and if different 
estimates  that  reasonably  could  have  been  used,  or  changes  in  the  accounting  estimates  that  are  reasonably  likely  to  occur 
periodically, could materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements, or the Infrastructure or Marketing segments 
individually. The Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates are as follows: 

Recoverability  of  asset  carrying  values:  The  Company  tests  annually  whether  goodwill  of  an  operating  segment  has  suffered  any 
impairment,  in  accordance  with  the  Company’s  accounting  policy.  The  recoverable  amounts  of  the  operating  segments  are 
determined based on the higher of value in use (“VIU”) and fair value less costs of disposal (“FVLCD”) calculations that require the use 
of estimates. The Company also assesses whether there have been any events or changes in circumstances that indicate that property, 
plant  and  equipment  and  other  intangible  assets  may  be  impaired  and  an  impairment  review  is  carried  out  whenever  such  an 
assessment indicates that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Any impairment charges booked against the goodwill or other 
assets are recorded outside the segment profit measure, therefore do not impact either the Infrastructure segment profit or the 
Marketing segment profit. 

In the impairment analysis of the Company’s assets, some of the key assumptions used are budgeted earnings before interest, taxes, 
depreciation and amortization less corporate expenses (“EBITDA”) which involves estimating revenue growth rates, future commodity 
prices,  expected  margins,  expected  sales  volumes,  cost  structures,  multiples  of  comparable  public  companies  of  the  operating 
segment, terminal value and discount rates.  

These  assumptions  and  estimates  are  uncertain  and  are  subject  to  change  as  new  information  becomes  available.  Changes  in 
economic conditions can also affect the rate used to discount future cash flow estimates. 

Income  tax:  Income  tax  expense  represents  the  sum  of  the  income  tax  currently  payable  and  deferred  income  tax.  Interest  and 
penalties relating to income tax are included in interest expense. Deferred income tax is provided for using the liability method of 
accounting.  Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  determined  based  on  differences  between  the  financial  reporting  and 
income tax basis of assets and liabilities. These differences are then measured using enacted or substantially enacted income tax rates 
and laws that will be in effect when these differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in income tax rates on deferred 
tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that the change occurs. Income tax expense do not impact either the 
Infrastructure segment profit or the Marketing segment profit.  

The computation of the Company’s income tax expense involves the interpretation of applicable tax laws and regulations in many 
jurisdictions. The resolution of tax positions taken by the Company can take significant time to complete and in some cases it is difficult 
to predict the ultimate outcome. In addition, the Company has carry-forward tax losses in certain taxing jurisdictions that are available 
to offset against future taxable profit. However, deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that 
taxable profit will be available against which the unused tax losses can be utilized. Management judgement is exercised in assessing 
whether this is the case. To the extent that actual outcomes differ from management’s estimates, income tax charges or credits may 
arise in future periods. 

16 
 
 
 
 
Joint arrangements 

The determination of joint control requires judgment about the influence the Company has over the financial and operating decisions 
of an arrangement and the extent of the benefits it obtains based on the facts and circumstances of the arrangement during the 
reporting period. Joint control exists when decisions about the relevant activities require the unanimous consent of the parties that 
control the arrangement collectively. Ownership percentage alone may not be a determinant of joint control. The Company’s joint 
arrangements are primarily within the infrastructure business, and therefore impacts the Infrastructure segment profit. 

Once joint control has been determined, the arrangement is classified as a joint venture or a joint operation, depending on the rights 
and obligations of the parties to the agreement.  

Provisions and accrued liabilities: The Company uses estimates to record liabilities for obligations associated with site restoration on 
the retirement of assets and environmental costs, taxes, potential legal claims and other accruals and liabilities.  

Liabilities for site restoration on the retirement of assets are recognized when the Company has an obligation to restore the site and 
when a reliable estimate of that liability can be made. An obligation may also crystallize during the period of operation of a facility 
through a change in legislation or through a decision to terminate operations. The amount recognized is the present value of the 
estimated future expenditure determined in accordance with local conditions and requirements. The present value is determined by 
discounting  the  expenditures  expected  to  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation  using  a  risk-free  discount  rate.  Estimated  future 
expenditure is based on all known facts at the time and current expected plans for decommissioning. Among the many uncertainties 
that  may  impact  the  estimates  are  changes  in  laws  and  regulations,  public  expectations,  prices  and  changes  in  technology.  A 
corresponding item of property, plant and equipment of an amount equivalent to the provision is also recorded. This is subsequently 
depreciated as part of the asset. Other than the unwinding discount on the provision, any change in the present value of the estimated 
expenditure is reflected as an adjustment to the provision and the corresponding item of property, plant and equipment. During the 
year ended December 31, 2021, the Company adjusted the estimated expenditure for decommissioning of its Moose Jaw Refinery 
due  to  a  reduction  in  expected  cash  outflows  required  to  extinguish  the  Company’s  obligation,  as  disclosed  in  note  16  to  the 
consolidated financial statements.  

Liabilities for environmental costs are recognized when a clean-up is probable and the associated costs can be reliably estimated. 
Generally, the timing of recognition of these provisions coincides with the completion of a feasibility study or a commitment to a 
formal plan of action. The amount recognized is the best estimate of the expenditure required. Where the liability will not be settled 
for several years, the amount recognized is the present value of the estimated future expenditure. Estimated future expenditure is 
based on all known facts at the time and an assessment of the ultimate outcome. Several factors affect the cost of environmental 
remediation, including the determination of the extent of contamination, the length of time remediation may require, the complexity 
of environmental regulations and the advancement of remediation technology.  

Other provisions and accrued liabilities are recognized in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of 
funds resulting from past operations or events and the amount of cash outflow can be reliably estimated. The timing of recognition 
and quantification of the liability require the application of judgment to existing facts and circumstances, which can be subject to 
change. Since the actual cash outflows can take place many years in the future, the carrying amounts of provisions and liabilities are 
reviewed regularly and adjusted to take account of changing facts and circumstances. A change in estimate of a recognized provision 
or accrued liability would result in a charge or credit to net income in the period in which the change occurs. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Initial adoption of accounting policies  

New and amended standards adopted by the Company: 

During the year ended December 31, 2021, there were no new or amended IFRS standards adopted by the Company.  

New and amended standards and interpretations issued but not yet adopted: 

The Company has assessed the impact of the following amendments to the standards and interpretations applicable for future periods 
and do not expect these to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements at the adoption date: 

o 

o 

IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements (“IAS 1”), has been amended to clarify how to classify debt and other liabilities 
as either current or non-current. The amendment to IAS 1 is effective for the years beginning on or after January 1, 2023; 

The annual improvements process addresses issues in the 2018-2020 reporting cycles including changes to IFRS 9, Financial 
Instruments, IFRS 1, First Time Adoption of IFRS, IFRS 16, Leases, and IAS 41, Biological Assets. These improvements are 
effective for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022;  

17 
 
 
o 

o 

IAS 37 – Provisions (“IAS 37”), has been amended to clarify (i) the meaning of “costs to fulfil a contract”, and (ii) that, before 
a separate provision for an onerous contract is established, an entity recognizes any impairment loss that has occurred on 
assets used in fulfilling the contract, rather than on assets dedicated to that contract. These amendments are effective for 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022; and 

IAS 16 – Property, Plant and Equipment (“IAS 16”), has been amended to (i) prohibit an entity from deducting from the 
cost of an item of PP&E any proceeds received from selling items produced while the entity is preparing the asset for its 
intended use (for example, the proceeds from selling samples produced when testing a machine to see if it is functioning 
properly), (ii) clarify that an entity is “testing whether the asset is functioning properly” when it assesses the technical and 
physical  performance  of  the  asset,  and  (iii)  require  certain  related  disclosures.  These  improvements  are  effective  for 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022. 

The Company continues to assess the impact of the following amendment: 

o 

IAS 12 – Income Taxes (“IAS 12”), has been amended to recognize deferred tax on particular transactions that, on initial 
recognition, give rise to equal amounts of taxable and deductible temporary differences. These amendments are effective 
for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023. 

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS & PROCEDURES  

As  part  of  the  requirements  mandated  by  the  Canadian  securities  regulatory  authorities  under  NI  52-109,  the  Company’s  Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the design and operation of the Company’s DC&P, as such term is defined 
in NI 52-109, as at December 31, 2021. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are also responsible for establishing and 
maintaining the Company’s ICFR, as such term is defined in NI 52-109. In making its assessment, management used the Committee of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) to evaluate the 
design and effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. These controls are designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of the Company’s financial reporting and compliance with GAAP. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and 
Chief Financial Officer have evaluated, or caused to be evaluated under their supervision, the design and operational effectiveness of 
such controls as at December 31, 2021. 

Based on the evaluation of the design and operating effectiveness of the Company’s DC&P and ICFR, the Chief Executive Officer and 
the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s DC&P and ICFR were effective as at December 31, 2021. There have been 
no changes in ICFR that occurred during the period beginning January 1, 2021 and ending on December 31, 2021 that has materially 
affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s ICFR. 

SPECIFIED FINANCIAL MEASURES 

The Company uses a number of financial measures when assessing its results and measuring overall performance. Some of these 
financial measures are not calculated in accordance with GAAP. NI 52-112 prescribes disclosure requirements that apply to non-GAAP 
financial  measures,  non-GAAP  ratios,  supplementary  financial  measures,  capital  management  measures,  and  total  of  segments 
measures.  

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES 

The Company uses non-GAAP financial measures that do not have standardized meanings under GAAP and that therefore may not be 
comparable  to  similar  measures  used  by  other  companies.  Presenting  non-GAAP  financial  measures  helps  readers  to  better 
understand how management analyzes results, shows the impacts of specified items on the results of the reported periods, and allows 
readers to assess results without the specified items if they consider such items not to be reflective of the underlying performance of 
the Company’s operations. The non-GAAP financial measures used by the Company are adjusted EBITDA and distributable cash flow. 
Management considers these to be important supplemental measures of the Company’s performance and believes these measures 
are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in industries with 
similar capital structures. Readers are encouraged to evaluate each adjustment and the reasons the Company considers it appropriate 
for supplemental analysis. Readers are cautioned, however, that these measures should not be construed as an alternative to net 
income,  cash  flow  from  operating  activities,  segment  profit,  gross  profit  or  other  measures  of  financial  results  determined  in 
accordance with GAAP as an indication of the Company’s performance. 

Noted below is the additional information about the composition of these non-GAAP financial measures, including the quantitative 
reconciliation, as required by NI 52-112: 

18 
 
 
 
 
a)  Adjusted EBITDA  

Adjusted EBITDA helps readers to better understand how management analyzes results, shows the impacts of specified items on the 
results of the reported periods, and allows readers to assess results without the specified items if they consider such items not to be 
reflective of the underlying performance of the Company’s operations. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before net interest, 
tax,  depreciation,  amortization  and  impairment  charges,  and  specific  non-cash  charges,  including  but  not  limited  to  unrealized 
gain/loss on derivative financial instruments, stock-based compensation, adjustment for equity accounted investees (to remove non-
cash charges), and corporate foreign exchange gain/loss. These adjustments are made to exclude non-cash charges and other items 
that are not reflective of ongoing earning capacity of the operations.  

Effective Q1 2021, the Company updated the definition of adjusted EBITDA to remove the corporate foreign exchange gains/losses 
and interest income, while adding an adjustment for equity accounted investees to remove the depreciation, amortization and other 
non-cash items that are not reflective of the ongoing earnings capacity of the operations. In accordance with GAAP, certain jointly 
controlled investments are accounted for using equity method accounting whereby the assets and liabilities of the investment are 
presented in a single line item in the consolidated balance sheet and net earnings from investments in equity accounted investees are 
recognized within the infrastructure segment profit or within the gross profit in the statement of operations. Cash contributions and 
distributions from investments in equity accounted investees represent the Company's share paid and received in the period to and 
from the investments in equity accounted investees. To assist in understanding and evaluating the performance of these investments, 
the  Company  adjusts  for  its proportionate  share  of  select  non-cash  expenses,  included  in  equity  accounted  investees  in  adjusted 
EBITDA. Prior period comparative figures have been restated in accordance with the updated definition of adjusted EBITDA set out 
above. 

Noted below is the reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP measures of the Company’s segmented and consolidated 
adjusted EBITDA for the three months and years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020: 

Three months ended December 31  

Infrastructure 

Marketing 

($ thousands) 

2021 

2020 (1) 

2021 

2020 (1) 

Corporate & 
Adjustments 
2021 

2020 (1) 

Total 

2021 

2020 (1) 

Segment Profit 
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative 

financial instruments 
General and administrative 
Adjustments to share of profit from 
equity accounted investees  

Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

105,307 

93,239 

15,360 

(8,894) 

- 

- 

120,667 

84,345 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(9,683) 
- 

4,874 
- 

- 
(7,836) 

- 
(7,834) 

(9,683) 
(7,836) 

4,874 
(7,834) 

614 
105,921 

503 
93,742 

- 
5,677 

- 
(4,020) 

- 
(7,836) 

- 
(7,834) 

614 
103,762 

503 
81,888 

Years ended December 31  

Infrastructure 

Marketing 

($ thousands) 

2021 

2020 (1) 

2021 

2020 (1) 

Corporate & 
Adjustments 
2021 

2020 (1) 

Total 

2021 

2020 (1) 

Segment Profit 
Unrealized loss on derivative financial 

instruments 

General and administrative 
Adjustments to share of profit from 
equity accounted investees  

Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

433,929 

374,424 

41,267 

94,623 

- 

- 

475,196 

469,047 

- 
- 

- 
- 

1,952 
- 

9,618 
- 

- 
(34,481) 

- 
(33,081) 

1,952 
(34,481) 

9,618 
(33,081) 

2,551 
436,480 

(669) 
373,755 

- 
43,219 

- 
104,241 

- 
(34,481) 

- 
(33,081) 

2,551 
445,218 

(669) 
444,915 

(1)  Adjusted EBITDA for periods prior to March 31, 2021 has been restated on the basis described above. 

19 
 
 
 
 
 
 
($ thousands) 

Net Income 

Income tax expense (recovery) 
Depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges 
Net finance costs 
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative financial instruments 
Stock-based compensation 
Adjustments to share of profit from equity accounted investees  
Corporate foreign exchange loss  
Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

($ thousands) 

Net Income 

Income tax expense  
Depreciation, amortization, and impairment charges 
Net finance costs 
Unrealized loss on derivative financial instruments 
Stock-based compensation 
Adjustments to share of profit from equity accounted investees  
Corporate foreign exchange loss (gain)  
Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

Three months ended December 31, 
2020 (1) 

2021 

43,917 

12,442 

6,897 
41,255 
14,961 
(9,683) 
5,235 
614 
566 
103,762 

(2,951) 
44,566 
15,694 
4,874 
5,726 
503 
1,034 
81,888 

            Years ended December 31, 
2020 (1) 

2021 

145,053 

121,309 

36,184 
173,861 
61,344 
1,952 
23,335 
2,551 
938 
445,218 

29,369 
169,422 
96,420 
9,618 
21,144 
(669) 
(1,698) 
444,915 

Noted below are the reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP measures for the consolidated Adjusted EBITDA for the past 
eight quarters: 

Consolidated 
($ thousands) 

2021 

2020 (1) 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Segment Profit 
Unrealized (gain) / loss on financial 

instruments 

General and administrative 
Adjustments to share of profit from 

equity accounted investees 

Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

120,667 

116,302 

123,118  115,109 

84,345 

116,704 

133,887 

134,111 

(9,683) 
(7,836) 

2,249 
(9,238) 

12,970 
(8,675) 

(3,584) 
(8,732) 

4,874 
(7,834) 

(10,594) 
(7,947) 

19,600 
(8,377) 

(4,262) 
(8,923) 

614 
103,762 

1,403 
110,716 

265 

269 
127,678  103,062 

503 
81,888 

2,662 
100,825 

(594) 
144,516 

(3,240) 
117,686 

(1)  Adjusted EBITDA for periods prior to March 31, 2021 has been restated on the basis described above. 

20 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA 
($ thousands) 

2021 

2020 (1) 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Net income 

43,917 

35,996 

32,363 

32,777 

12,442 

17,550 

41,314 

50,003 

Income tax expense (recovery) 
Depreciation, amortization, and 

impairment charges 

Net finance costs 
Unrealized (gain) / loss on derivative 

financial instruments 
Stock based compensation 
Adjustments to share of profit from 
equity accounted investees  

6,897 

11,018 

10,185 

8,084 

(2,951) 

1,514 

13,489 

17,317 

41,255 

39,425 

51,897 

41,284 

44,566 

44,416 

40,303 

40,137 

14,961 

15,612 

15,783 

14,988 

15,694 

38,063 

23,331 

19,332 

(9,683) 

2,249 

12,970 

(3,584) 

4,874 

(10,594) 

19,600 

(4,262) 

5,235 

4,864 

4,284 

8,952 

5,726 

4,683 

4,710 

6,025 

614 

1,403 

265 

269 

503 

2,662 

(594) 

(3,240) 

Corporate foreign exchange loss (gain)  
Adjusted EBITDA (1) 

566 
103,762 

149 
110,716 

(69) 
127,678 

292 
103,062 

1,034 
81,888 

2,531 
100,825 

2,363 
144,516 

(7,626) 
117,686 

(1)  Adjusted EBITDA for periods prior to March 31, 2021 has been restated on the basis described above. 

b)  Distributable Cash Flow 

Distributable cash flow is used to assess the level of cash flow generated and to evaluate the adequacy of internally generated cash 
flow to fund dividends and is frequently used by securities analysts, investors, and other interested parties. Changes in non-cash 
working capital are excluded from the determination of distributable cash flow because they are primarily the result of fluctuations 
in  product  inventories  or  other  temporary  changes.  Replacement  capital  expenditures  and  lease  payments  are  deducted  from 
distributable cash flow as there is an ongoing requirement to incur these types of expenditures. The Company may deduct or include 
additional items in its calculation of distributable cash flow. These items would generally, but not necessarily, be items of an unusual, 
non-recurring, or non-operating in nature. The  following is a reconciliation of distributable cash flow  from operations to its most 
directly comparable GAAP measure, cash flow from operating activities: 

($ thousands) 

Cash flow from operating activities 
Adjustments: 

Changes in non-cash working capital and taxes paid 
Replacement capital 
Cash interest expense, including capitalized interest 
Lease payments 
Current income tax 
Distributable cash flow  

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL RATIOS 

Three months ended 
December 31, 
2020 

2021 

Years ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

3,186 

44,940 

216,806 

459,551 

94,678 
(8,399) 
(14,149) 
(7,008) 
(3,912) 
64,396 

31,253 
(5,069) 
(11,618) 
(10,764) 
5,354 
54,096 

212,825 
(22,600) 
(54,218) 
(36,694) 
(25,046) 
291,073 

(19,109) 
(22,751) 
(53,557) 
(44,967) 
(20,279) 
298,888 

The Company uses non-GAAP ratios that do not have standardized meanings under GAAP and that therefore may not be comparable 
to similar measures used by other companies. A non-GAAP ratio is a ratio in which at least one component is a non-GAAP financial 
measure. The Company uses non-GAAP ratios to present aspects of its financial performance or financial position, including dividend 
payout ratio and net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio. Noted below is the additional information about the composition of these ratios 
as required by NI 52-112. 

21 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
a)  Dividend Payout Ratio 

Dividend payout ratio is a non-GAAP ratio defined as dividends declared divided by distributable cash flow, on a rolling 12-month 
basis. This measure is used by securities analysts, investors and others as an indication of the Company’s ability to generate cash flows 
to continue to pay dividends, and the proportion of cash generated that is used to pay dividends to shareholders.  

Distributable cash flow 
Dividends declared 
Dividend payout ratio 

b)  Net Debt To Adjusted EBITDA Ratio 

Years ended December 31, 
2020 
298,888 
198,667 
66% 

2021 
291,073 
205,154 
70% 

Net debt to adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP ratio, which uses net debt divided by adjusted EBITDA. The Company, lenders, investors 
and analysts use this ratio to monitor the Company’s capital structure, financing requirements and measuring its ability to cover debt 
obligations  over  time.  Net  debt  is  not  a  standardized  financial  measure  under  GAAP  and  may  not  be  comparable  with  measures 
disclosed by other companies and is a capital management measure. 

Net debt is total borrowings (including ‘current and non-current borrowings’, and lease liabilities), less unsecured hybrid notes and 
cash and cash equivalents. Unsecured hybrid notes are excluded as the Company views this as part of its equity. 

Long-term debt 
Lease liabilities 
Less: unsecured hybrid debt  
Less: cash and cash equivalents 

Net debt 
Adjusted EBITDA 
Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio 

Supplementary Financial Measures 

Years ended and as at December 31,  
2020 

2021 

1,660,609 
81,779 
(250,000) 
(62,688) 

1,429,700 
445,218 
3.2 

1,449,481 
102,742 
(250,000) 
(53,676) 

1,248,547 
444,915 
2.8 

A supplementary financial measure is a financial measure that: (a) is not reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements, 
and (b) is, or is intended to be, reported periodically to represent historical or expected financial performance, financial position, or 
cash flows. The supplementary financial measures the Company uses are identified below: 

  Growth capital expenditures reflect projects intended to improve the Company’s profitability directly or indirectly. 

  Growth capital including equity investments includes both growth capital, and amounts invested in the Company’s equity 

investments intended to improve the investments profitability directly or indirectly. 

  Replacement capital expenditures intend to keep the Company’s existing infrastructure reliably and safely operating. These 
expenditures include replacement of existing infrastructure, maintenance work which extends the economic life, scheduled 
tank and pipeline inspections. 

Capital Management Measures 

The  financial  reporting  framework  used  to  prepare  the  financial  statements  requires  disclosure  that  help  readers  assess  the 
Company’s capital management objectives, policies, and processes, as set out in IFRS in IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements 
(“IAS 1”). The Company has its own methods for managing capital and liquidity, and IFRS does not prescribe any particular calculation 
method. In addition to GAAP measures, the Company uses capital management measures net debt and total capital.  

The  composition,  usefulness  and  quantitative  reconciliation  of  capital  management  measures  are  presented  in  ”Liquidity,  Capital 
Resources and Capital Structure” section of this MD&A and within note 24 of the consolidated financial statements.  

22 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total of Segments Measures  

The Company uses the sum of the total segment revenue and the segment profit of its business segments (namely, Infrastructure and 
Marketing) in the analysis performed under the “Operating results” section within this MD&A. Using this method to analyze results, 
that is, by reflecting inter-segment revenue and profit within segment metrics, the Company can evaluate the relative performance 
of each segment on a standalone basis.  

The Company defines segment profit as revenue less cost of sales (excluding depreciation, amortization and impairment charges) and 
operating expenses. Segment profit also includes the Company’s share of equity pick up from equity accounted investees. Profit by 
segment  excludes depreciation, amortization, accretion, impairment charges, stock-based compensation, and corporate expenses 
such as income taxes, interest and general and administrative expenses, as senior management looks at each period’s earnings before 
corporate expenses and non-cash items, as one of the Company’s important measures of segment performance. The exclusion of 
depreciation, amortization and impairment expense could be viewed as limiting the usefulness of segment profit as a performance 
measure because it does not take into account, in current periods, the implied reduction in value of the Company’s capital assets 
(such as, tanks, pipelines and connections, and plant and equipment) caused by use, aging and wear and tear. Repair and maintenance 
expenditures that do not extend the useful life, improve the efficiency or expand the operating capacity of the Company’s capital 
assets are charged to operating expense as incurred. 

($ thousands) 

Segment revenue 
Infrastructure 
Marketing 
Total segment revenue 
Revenue – inter-segmental 
Total revenue – external 

Segment profit 
Infrastructure 
Marketing 
Total segment profit 

($ thousands) 

Gross Profit 

Depreciation, amortization and impairment 
Gain and loss on sale of assets 
Other income 
Corporate foreign exchange gains and losses 
Segment profit 

RISK FACTORS  

Three months ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

Years ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

126,781 
2,087,825 
2,214,606 
(95,579) 
2,119,027 

105,307 
15,360 
120,667 

116,214 
1,262,729 
1,378,943 
(58,254) 
1,320,689 

93,239 
(8,894) 
84,345 

519,762 
6,963,581 
7,483,343 
(272,195) 
7,211,148 

433,929 
41,267 
475,196 

465,320 
4,665,425 
5,130,745 
(192,679) 
4,938,066 

374,424 
94,623 
469,047 

Three months ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

Years ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

82,197 

37,431 
822 
794 
(577) 
120,667 

40,058 

41,932 
244 
- 
2,111 
84,345 

304,411 

306,140 

162,920 
3,189 
3,663 
1,013 
475,196 

158,138 
1,217 
2,364 
1,188 
469,047 

Shareholders and prospective investors should carefully evaluate risk factors noted by the Company before investing in the Company’s 
securities, as each of these risks may negatively affect the trading price of the Company’s securities, the amount of dividends paid to 
shareholders and the ability of the Company to fund its debt obligations, including debt obligations under its outstanding notes and 
any other debt securities that the Company may issue from time to time. For a further discussion of the risks identified in this MD&A, 
other risks and trends that could affect the Company’s performance and steps the company takes to mitigate these risks, readers are 
referred to the AIF, which is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.  

23 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COVID-19 Pandemic 

Although mass vaccination and booster programs have been implemented by many jurisdictions and governments at varying levels 
have begun to lessen or remove restrictions, there can be no certainty that vaccinations and boosters will successfully control the 
spread or resurgence of COVID-19 and its variants over the long-term. Accordingly, any resurgence or emergence of new variants may 
have a negative impact on the Company's business or the broader economy. 

While high vaccination rates have enabled the reopening of many areas of the economy, governments will continue to closely monitor 
the spread of COVID-19 and its variants, which may lead to the reintroduction of restrictive measures to counter any successive wave 
or resurgence of COVID-19 or its variants. Accordingly, the Company’s financial and/or operating performance could be materially 
adversely impacted by way of suspensions, delays or cancellations of the Company’s projects, either by its customers or due to broader 
government directives, slowdowns or stoppages in the performance of projects due to labor shortages, union action and/or high levels 
of absenteeism, supply chain disruptions and corresponding shortages, increased collection risk from customers, volatility in capital 
markets, inflation and decreases in customer demand as a result of the impacts of government imposed restrictions, including reduced 
prices of and global demand for petroleum products caused by travel restrictions and other shut-downs. For a discussion of the risks 
associated with decreases in the prices of and demand for crude oil and petroleum products, see "Market and Commodity Price Risk" 
and "Demand for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products".  

The partial or complete shut-down of our workplaces, our employees working remotely, and the implementation of enhanced health 
and safety measures in our workplaces may reduce the efficiency and increase the costs of our operations and may adversely affect 
the Company’s margins, profitability and results. Further, the increased remote access to our information technology systems may 
heighten the threat of a cyber-security breach. The COVID-19 pandemic, or its long-term impacts, may also increase our exposure to, 
and  magnitude  of,  each  of  the  risks  identified  in  the  “Risk  Factors”  section  of  this  MD&A  and  the  risk  factors  described  in  other 
documents  the  Company  files  from  time  to  time  with  Canadian  securities  regulatory  authorities,  available  on  SEDAR  at 
www.sedar.com and on the Company's website at www.gibsonenergy.com.  

The Company has implemented a business continuity plan and has enacted its emergency response plan to provide centralized, cross-
functional, strategic direction during the COVID-19 pandemic. While these measures may partially mitigate the impact of the COVID-
19 pandemic, minimize recovery time and reduce business losses, the plans can neither account for nor control all possible events. 
The COVID-19 pandemic, therefore,  may continue to have adverse financial and operational implications for the Company as the 
situation continues to evolve.  

Additionally,  the  duration  and  extent  of  the  impact  from  the  COVID-19  pandemic  remains  uncertain  and  depends  on  future 
developments that cannot be accurately predicted at this time, such as i) the severity, transmission rate and resurgence of the COVID-
19  virus  or  its  variants,  ii)  the  timing,  extent  and  effectiveness  of  containment  actions,  including  the  approval,  availability, 
effectiveness, continued uptake and distribution rate of vaccines and boosters, iii) the speed and extent to which normal economic 
and operating conditions resume and are maintained worldwide, and iv) the impact of these and other factors on our stakeholders, 
particularly those upon whom we have a major reliance, including our customers, vendors and employees. The COVID-19 pandemic 
has not yet ended; this situation continues to evolve and future impacts may materialize that are not yet known. Even after the COVID-
19 pandemic has subsided, we may continue to experience materially adverse impacts to our business as a result of the pandemic’s 
global economic impact. There are no comparable recent events that provide guidance as to the effect the COVID-19 pandemic may 
have, and, as a result, the ultimate impact and lasting effects on the Company's business, operations and financial condition, and on 
the energy industry as whole, are highly uncertain.  

Climate Change and ESG Targets and Commitments 

As a part of the Company's strategic priority to retain its position as a responsible leader in the energy industry, the Company has 
committed to various ESG targets, including our goal to achieve net zero Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions by 2050. To achieve this goal, 
among others, and to respond to changing market demand, the Company may incur additional costs and invest in new technologies 
and innovation. It is possible that the return on these investments may be less than the Company expects, which may have an adverse 
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and reputation. Further, to support our ESG goals, the Company transitioned its 
principal Revolving Credit Facility into a sustainability-linked Revolving Credit Facility in the second quarter of 2021. As a result, the 
Company's borrowing costs may increase depending on its ability to achieve certain ESG and sustainability targets.  

Generally speaking, Gibson's ESG targets depend significantly on the Company’s ability to execute its current business strategy, related 
milestones and schedules, each of which can be impacted by the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with Gibson’s business 
and the industries in which it operates, as outlined in the other risk factors described in this MD&A. 

The  Company  recognizes  that  its  ability  to  adapt  to  and  succeed  in  a  lower-carbon  economy  will  be  compared  against  its  peers. 
Investors  and  stakeholders  increasingly  compare  companies  based  on  ESG-related  performance,  including  climate-related 
performance. Failure by the Company to achieve its ESG targets, or a perception among key stakeholders that our ESG targets are 

24 
 
 
insufficient,  could  adversely  affect,  among  other  things,  our  reputation  and  our  ability  to  attract  capital.  The  continued  focus  on 
climate  change  by  investors  may  lead  to  higher  costs  of  capital  for  Gibson  as  the  pressure  to  reduce  emissions  increases.  The 
Company's ability to attract capital may also be adversely impacted if financial institutions and investors incorporate sustainability 
and ESG considerations as a part of their portfolios or adopt restrictive decarbonization policies.  

There  is  also  a  risk  that  some  or  all  of  the  expected  benefits  and  opportunities  of  achieving  the  various  ESG  targets  may  fail  to 
materialize, may cost more to achieve or may not occur within the anticipated time periods. In addition, there are risks that the actions 
taken by the Company in implementing targets and ambitions relating to ESG focus areas may have a negative impact on its existing 
business and operations and increase capital expenditures, which could have a negative impact on the Company’s business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

The  Company  recognizes  that  potential  climate-related  impacts  are  complex  and  may  impact  the  Company's  entire  enterprise, 
including having physical impacts on our business as a result of an increased likelihood, severity and frequency of extreme weather 
events, such as drought, severe storms and flooding, caused by climate change. These severe weather events may cause acute and 
chronic physical impacts on our operations, such as mechanical malfunctions, faulty measurements, and the effects of soil erosion, 
earth movement and freezing and thawing on our pipeline and other infrastructure. Specifically, certain of our operations are subject 
to slope stability risks that may be exacerbated by accelerated soil erosion. Any of these physical climate-related impacts may have a 
material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. For more information 
relating to the physical risks as a result of climate change and the potential impact on the Company's business, see "Hazards and 
Operational Risks". 

Market and Commodity Price Risk 

The  Company’s  business  includes  activities  related  to  product  storage,  terminalling  and  hub  services.  These  activities  expose  the 
Company to certain risks including that the Company may experience volatility in revenue and impairments related to the book value 
of stored product, due to the fluctuations in commodity prices. Primarily, the Company enters into contracts to purchase and sell 
crude oil, NGLs and refined products at floating market prices. The prices of the products that are marketed by the Company are 
subject to volatility as a result of factors such as seasonal demand changes, extreme weather conditions (including flooding, wind and 
increased annual levels of rainfall as a result of climate change or otherwise), market inventory levels, general economic conditions, 
changes in crude oil markets and other factors. The Company manages its risk exposure by balancing purchases and sales to lock-in 
margins; however, the Company may not be successful in balancing its purchases and sales. Also, in certain situations, a producer or 
supplier could fail to deliver contracted volumes or could deliver in excess of contracted volumes or a purchaser could purchase less 
than contracted volumes. Any of these actions could cause the Company’s purchases and sales to be unbalanced. While the Company 
attempts to balance its purchases and sales, if its purchases and sales are unbalanced, the Company will face increased exposure to 
commodity price risks and could have increased volatility in its operating income and cash flow.  

Notwithstanding the Company’s management of price and quality risk, marketing margins for commodities can vary and have varied 
significantly from period to period. This variability could have an adverse effect on the results of the Company.  

In  particular,  since  March  2020,  the  COVID-19  global  health  pandemic  has  significantly  impacted  the  global  economy,  including 
demand for hydrocarbon products. This demand destruction has had a significant impact on global energy markets and had resulted 
in a significant drop in crude based commodity prices. Although commodity prices have partially recovered to pre-pandemic levels, 
financial markets continue to remain volatile impacting overall economic activity as the COVID-19 pandemic continues to progress 
and new COVID-19 variants emerge. The continued effect the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy remains uncertain. 

Since crude oil margins can be earned by capturing spreads between different qualities of crude oil, the Company’s crude oil marketing 
business  is  subject  to  volatility  in  price  differentials  between  crude  oil  streams  and  blending  agents.  Due  to  this  volatility,  the 
Company’s margins and profitability can vary significantly. The Company expects that commodity prices will continue to fluctuate 
significantly in the future. The Company utilizes financial derivative instruments as part of its overall risk management strategy to 
assist in managing the exposure to commodity prices, as well as interest rates and foreign exchange risks. For example, as NGL and 
refined product prices are somewhat related to the price of crude oil, crude oil financial contracts are one of the more common price 
risk management strategies that the Company uses. Also, with respect to crude oil, the Company manages its exposure using WTI 
based futures, options and swaps. These strategies are subject to basis risk between the prices of crude oil streams, WTI, NGL and 
refined product values and, therefore, may not fully offset future price movements. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that these 
strategies and other efforts to manage marketing and inventory risks will generate profits or mitigate all the market and inventory 
risk associated with these activities. If the Company utilizes price risk management strategies, the Company may forego the benefits 
that may otherwise be experienced if commodity prices were to increase. In addition, any non-compliance with the Company’s trading 
policies could result in significantly adverse financial effects. To the extent that the Company engages in these kinds of activities, the 
Company is also subject to credit risks associated with counterparties with whom the Company has contracts. The Company does not 
trade financial instruments for speculative purposes.  

25 
 
 
Demand for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products 

Any sustained decrease in demand for crude oil and petroleum products in the markets the Company serves could result in a significant 
reduction in the volume of products and services that the Company provides and thereby could significantly reduce cash flow and 
revenue. Factors that could lead to a decrease in market demand include: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the impact of the COVID-19 (including its variants) pandemic, including government responses related thereto; 

lower  demand  by  consumers  for  refined  products,  including  asphalt  and  wellsite  fluids,  as  a  result  of  recession  or other 
adverse economic conditions or due to high prices caused by an increase in the market price of crude oil, which is subject to 
wide fluctuations in response to changes in global and regional supply over which the Company has no control; 

an  increase  in  fuel  economy,  whether  as  a  result  of  a  shift  by  consumers  to  more  fuel-efficient  vehicles,  technological 
advances by manufacturers, governmental or regulatory actions or otherwise; 

provincial, state and federal legislation either already in place or under development, including carbon taxes or equivalents 
or  requiring  the  inclusion  of  ethanol  and  use  of  biodiesel  which  may  negatively  affect  the  overall  demand  for  crude  oil 
products; 

lower demand by the oil and gas drilling industry for products such as drilling mud additives and for wellsite fluids as a result 
of legislation regulating hydraulic fracturing; 

the energy transition and global movement towards decarbonization 

consumer ESG and climate-change related targets and initiatives; 

the increasing desirability, affordability and accessibility of new, low-carbon energy sources; 

local and international government incentives, initiatives, policies and regulations;  

technological  advances  in  the  production  and  longevity  of  alternative  energy  sources  and  electric  and  battery-powered 
engines; and 

fluctuations in demand for crude oil, such as those caused by refinery downtime or shutdowns. 

The Company cannot predict and does not have control over the impact of future economic and political conditions on the energy 
and petrochemical industries, which, in turn, could affect the demand for crude oil and petroleum products. As a result of decreased 
demand, the Company may experience a decrease in the Company’s margins and profitability. 

Pipeline Egress  

There are currently large pipeline projects at various stages of development and/or regulatory approval that have the potential to 
impact the Company over the medium to long-term. Over the long-term, the Company could benefit from incremental egress from 
the completion of work on various pipeline projects under construction, including those currently under regulatory review. A major 
egress  pipeline  is  also  currently  advancing  a  contracting  process  which  is  currently  under  review  by  the  regulators.  Given  the 
uncertainty of the review, at this time, it is uncertain how the outcome will potentially impact how customers utilize the Company’s 
infrastructure and services. In addition, certain pipelines currently in operation are facing challenges at various levels of government 
and the outcome of these challenges and the impact to the Company cannot be determined at this time. Any future pipeline projects 
are expected to be subject to similar review, the results of which may negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of 
operations, reputation and cash flows. The nature and scope of these effects cannot be determined at this time. 

Climate Change Legislation 

Climate  change  legislation-related  risks  are  considered  by  the  Company  as  part  of  its  ongoing  risk  management  processes.  The 
materiality of such risks varies among the business operations of the Company and the jurisdictions in which such operations are 
conducted. Despite the potential uncertainties and longer time horizon associated with any such risks, the Board and management 
considers the impacts of climate change legislation over the short-, medium- and long-terms. 

In 2018, the Canadian federal government enacted the GGPPA which established a national carbon-pricing regime  requiring each 
province to implement a price on carbon of $10 per tonne of CO2e in 2018, escalating by $10 each year, to an ultimate carbon price 
of $50 per tonne of CO2e in 2022. The Federal Backstop allows provinces some flexibility in structuring their carbon price regimes 
with cap and trade, carbon tax or output-based pricing systems, all being acceptable methods for implementing such carbon pricing. 
In  December  2020,  the  Canadian  federal  government  released  its  plan  to  accelerate  climate  action  in  Canada,  titled  "A  Healthy 
Environment and a Healthy Economy". The plan proposes an increasing cost on carbon to $170 per tonne in 2030. To reach that level, 
the price imposed on carbon will rise from the 2022 rate of $50 per tonne by $15 per tonne each year. If this proposal is made into 

26 
 
 
law, it will have a significant impact on Canadian industry participants, consumers and the Company alike.  

To the extent each province implements a carbon pricing system that meets the stringency requirements of the GGPPA, the GGPPA 
will not apply. However, if such a provincial pricing system is not implemented, or does not meet the stringency requirements of the 
GGPPA, the Federal Backstop will apply to the extent of such deficiency. 

Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Ontario launched constitutional challenges of the Federal Backstop at their respective appellate courts. 
The Saskatchewan Court of Appeal and the Ontario Court of Appeal found the Federal Backstop to be constitutional, while the Alberta 
Court of Appeal found the Federal Backstop to be unconstitutional. Appeals of the decisions were heard by the Supreme Court of 
Canada  in  September  2020  and  on  March  25,  2021  the  Supreme  Court  of  Canada  ruled  that  the  Federal  Backstop  was  in  fact 
constitutional. Accordingly, the Federal Backstop applies to all provinces who do not meet its stringency requirements, which as of 
December 31, 2021 includes Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan.  

Given the Company's operations in Alberta and Saskatchewan, the implementation of the Federal Backstop in these provinces may 
materially impact the Company's current or future business (including, without limitation, increasing costs of compliance) and could 
have an adverse effect on the Company’s operations, margins, profitability and results. The Supreme Court of Canada's decision to 
uphold the national carbon tax may influence the regulatory landscape generally, including the introduction of higher carbon pricing, 
increased energy efficiency standards, energy and emissions reduction targets and promotion of alternative fuel technologies.  

Alberta 

Prior to 2020, the Federal Backstop did not apply in Alberta as Alberta’s Carbon Competitiveness Incentive Regulation applicable to 
large emitters, paired with the Climate Leadership Regulation which implemented a province-wide carbon tax, met the stringency 
requirements of the Federal Backstop.  

In 2019, the Alberta UCP government made several legislative changes including repealing the Climate Leadership Regulation, thereby 
eliminating Alberta’s carbon tax and replacing the Climate Leadership Regulation with the TIER. 

TIER became effective on January 1, 2020 and requires large emitters (facilities that emit 100,000 tonnes or more of CO2e in 2016 or 
any subsequent year, or that are otherwise eligible to opt-in to the TIER regime) to reduce their emissions intensity to the lesser of: 
(i) 10% (incrementally increased by 1% annually) below such facility's historical production-weighted average emissions intensity; or 
(ii) any high performance benchmarks prescribed by TIER applicable to the production of such facility.  

Facilities  regulated  under  TIER  have  a  number  of  compliance  options  including  physical  abatement  of  emissions,  use  of  emission 
performance credits, use of emission offsets, the purchase of TIER fund credits, or a combination of the foregoing. Persons responsible 
for such regulated facilities must file annual compliance reports with the government demonstrating their compliance with TIER’s 
emission  intensity  reduction  requirements  and  such  facilities  emitting  1  megatonne  (Mt)  or  more  CO2e  will  have  an  additional 
requirement to file forecasts of anticipated emissions for the following year.  

The Alberta government has raised the price of TIER fund credits for 2022 to $50 per tonne of CO2e in an effort to satisfy the stringent 
requirements of the Federal Backstop. However, Alberta’s repeal of the provincial carbon tax has resulted in the province’s overall 
carbon pricing regime not meeting the stringency requirements of the Federal Backstop. This resulted in Alberta being added as a 
"listed province" under the GGPPA such that the federal carbon tax contemplated by the Federal Backstop will be levied on fossil fuels 
imported into or otherwise consumed within Alberta, other than in respect of TIER-regulated facilities.  

While none of the Company’s operating facilities in Alberta are considered large emitters under TIER, the Company has voluntarily 
submitted to TIER regulation in respect of several of its facilities via an "aggregate facility" designation available under TIER. Certain 
conventional oil and gas facilities which do not satisfy the large emitter criteria under TIER can be aggregated together and be treated 
as if they were a single aggregate facility. Accordingly, the Company is required to reduce its emission intensity in respect of such 
aggregate facility in accordance with TIER, but in doing so, has avoided the application of the carbon tax pursuant to the Federal 
Backstop, in respect of fuels used by such aggregate facility.  

Saskatchewan 

Like Alberta, Saskatchewan has implemented an output-based pricing system applicable to large emitters pursuant to its MRGGA and 
related regulations including the MRGGR. Large emitters under the MRGGR are facilities in certain sectors that emit 25,000 or more 
tonnes of CO2e per year, and those that emit 10,000 tonnes of CO2e per year and who opt-in to the MRGGR. Annual emission intensity 
reduction requirements are specific to the product produced by the applicable regulated facility and increase in stringency over time 
in prescribed increments. Like Alberta’s TIER, persons responsible for such regulated facilities must file annual compliance reports 
demonstrating their compliance. Compliance options include physical abatement of emissions, using emission offsets, using emission 
performance credits, purchasing technology fund credits, or a combination of the foregoing. 

Saskatchewan has consistently opposed implementation of a carbon tax and the output-based pricing system contemplated by the 

27 
 
 
MRGGR  does  not  apply  to  certain  industrial  sectors.  The  Federal  Backstop  applies  in  Saskatchewan  in  respect  of:  (i)  electricity 
generating facilities and natural gas transmission pipelines, in the form of its own output-based pricing system applicable to such 
facilities that emit 50,000 tonnes or more of CO2e in a year (with the ability for such facilities that emit 10,000 tonnes of CO2e or 
more in an year to opt-in); and (ii) fossil fuels imported into or otherwise consumed within Saskatchewan, in the same manner as how 
the Federal Backstop’s carbon tax is applied in Alberta. 

While none of the Company’s Saskatchewan facilities are considered large emitters under the MRGGR, it has elected to "opt-in" to 
the MRGGR in respect of its Moose Jaw Facility. Accordingly, the Company has been required to reduce its emission intensity in respect 
of such facility in accordance with the MRGGR and, in doing so, has avoided the application of the carbon tax pursuant to the Federal 
Backstop in respect of fuels used by such facility.  

U.S. Regulation  

The U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 precludes agencies of the U.S. federal government from procuring mobility-
related fuels from non-conventional petroleum sources that have lifecycle GHG emissions greater than equivalent conventional fuel. 
This may have implications for the Company’s marketing of some heavy oil and oil sands production in the U.S., but the impact cannot 
be determined at this time. 

USEPA issued an Endangerment Finding in December 2009 providing that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other GHGs 
present an endangerment to public health and the environment because emissions of such gases contribute to warming of the earth’s 
atmosphere and other climatic changes. USEPA’s findings permit the agency to adopt and implement regulations restricting emissions 
of GHGs under existing provisions of the federal Clean Air Act, including rules which regulate emissions of GHGs. In response to its 
endangerment finding, the USEPA adopted two sets of rules regarding possible future regulation of GHG emissions under the Clean 
Air Act. The motor vehicle rule, which became effective in January 2011, purports to limit emissions of GHGs from motor vehicles. The 
USEPA adopted the stationary source rule (or the "tailoring rule") on May 13, 2010, and it also became effective January 2011.  

The "tailoring rule" imposed requirements in two phases on U.S.’s largest emitters of GHGs. On June 23, 2014 the U.S. Supreme Court 
invalidated a portion of the tailoring rule, however, it essentially held up the USEPA’s ability to regulate GHG emissions for certain 
facilities including those facilities required to obtain a Prevention of Significant Deterioration permit due to the emissions of other 
regulated  pollutants.  The  U.S.  Supreme  Court  held  that  stationary  sources  could  not  become  subject  to  Prevention  of  Significant 
Deterioration or Title V permitting solely by reason of their GHG emissions; however, USEPA may require installation of best available 
control technology for GHG emissions at sources otherwise subject to the Prevention of Significant Deterioration and Title V programs. 
Additionally, in September 2009, the USEPA issued a final rule requiring the reporting of GHG emissions from specified large GHG 
emission  sources  in  the  U.S.,  including  NGLs  fractionators  and  local  natural  gas/distribution  companies,  beginning  in  2011  for 
emissions occurring in 2010. In November 2010, the USEPA expanded its existing GHG reporting rule to include onshore and offshore 
oil and natural gas production and onshore processing, transmission, storage and distribution facilities, which may include certain of 
the  Company’s  facilities,  beginning  in  2012  for  emissions  occurring  in  2011.  In  addition,  the  USEPA  has  continued  to  adopt  GHG 
regulations for other industries, such as the June 2019 Affordable Clean Energy Rule, establishing emission guidelines for states to use 
when developing plans to limit carbon dioxide at coal-fired electric generating units. On November 15, 2021 EPA published a proposed 
a  rule  that  would  sharply  reduce  methane  and  other  air  pollution  from  both  new  and  existing  sources  in  the  oil  and  natural  gas 
industry.  The  proposal  expands  and  strengthens  emissions  reduction  requirements  for  new,  modified and  reconstructed  oil  and 
natural  gas  sources,  and  would  require  states  to  reduce  methane  emissions  from  hundreds  of  thousands  of  existing  sources 
nationwide for the first time. On December 13, 2021 EPA extended the comment period for the proposed rule to January 31, 2022. 

The U.S.’s withdrawal from the Paris Agreement became effective in November 2020; however, the U.S. rejoined the agreement on 
January 20, 2021, effective February 2021. The USEPA is working on regulations to limit GHG emissions within its existing statutory 
authority under the Clean Air Act. In addition, more than one-third of the states already have begun implementing legal measures to 
reduce emissions of GHGs. 

On  January  28,  2020,  House  Energy  &  Commerce  Committee  members  released  draft  text  of  the  Climate  Leadership  and 
Environmental Action for our Nation’s Future Act, proposing a new climate plan to ensure the United States achieves net-zero GHG 
pollution no later than 2050. The Climate Leadership and Environmental Action for our Nation’s Future Act proposes sector-specific 
and economy-wide solutions to address the "climate crisis." Feedback and recommendations from all stakeholders was requested. It 
was  intended  for  the  Climate  Leadership  and  Environmental  Action  for  our  Nation’s  Future  Act  to  be  refined  via  hearings  and 
stakeholder meetings throughout 2020. On January 27, 2021 President Biden issued Executive Orders promising to take aggressive 
action on climate change. Among other things, such Executive Orders reaffirmed the commitment of the United States to addressing 
climate change, including the entering into of international agreements on climate change, and enhanced global action on climate 
change and President Biden adopting a “Whole of Government Approach to the Climate Crisis” approach appointing former governors 
and mayors to his cabinet and embracing a partnership with state and local governments as well as the private sector to advance 
climate solutions. On February 9, 2021 the House Committee on Energy & Commerce hosted a subcommittee hearing "Back in Action: 

28 
 
 
Restoring Federal Climate Leadership" highlighting the Biden Administration’s Executive Orders relating to climate change initiatives 
and soliciting testimony from industry leaders. On March 2, 2021, the House Energy and Commerce Committee introduced H.R.1512 
(117), the “Climate Leadership and Environmental Action for our Nation’s Future Act” or the “CLEAN Future Act.” The committee first 
unveiled the bill as a discussion draft in January 2020 and after over a year of hearings and stakeholder feedback, the legislation now 
boasts several new provisions and modifications. The CLEAN Future Act has far-reaching implications for many sectors of the economy. 
The bill sets a national climate target of net-zero greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions by 2050. The bill includes a mix of incentives for 
renewable energy and provisions increasing regulation of non-renewable energy and other emitting industries. It aims to achieve GHG 
and other emissions reductions through provisions impacting the power sector, the building sector, the automotive sector, ports, 
manufacturing, oil and gas extraction, waste-management and recycling. The CLEAN Future Act was referred to subcommittee on 
March 3, 2021. 

Congress enacted the bipartisan Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (or Bipartisan Infrastructure Law), which includes provisions 
to enhance the electricity grid, build electric vehicle charging infrastructure, support electric school buses, and develop carbon dioxide 
capture and sequestration technology. More than $500 billion dollars’ worth of clean energy tax credits, electric vehicle rebates and 
other climate-smart investment are pending in the Build Back Better Act (BBBA), which cleared the House in November but is stalled 
in the Senate and is now in the process of being “scaled down”, however, the bills provisions related to combatting climate change 
among others will remain. The BBBA included a $3.5 billion program to encourage home electrification, including rebates for heat 
pump water and space heaters that would encourage, but not require, a shift away from natural gas appliances.  

In April 2021 President Biden set a new national goal to reduce emissions by 50-52% from 2005 levels by 2030 and formalized that in 
an updated U.S. nationally-determined contribution (NDC, or climate plan) under the Paris Agreement. President Biden set a goal for 
50% of new passenger vehicles sold in 2030 to produce zero emissions and signed an executive order directing federal agencies to 
purchase 100% zero-emission light-duty vehicles by 2027. The EPA issued a final rule to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions 
from model year 2023-2026 passenger vehicles and will begin work on standards for model year 2027 and later vehicles. 

EPA  has  issued  regulations  to  implement  the  phase  down  of  hydrofluorocarbons  as  directed  by  the  American  Innovation  and 
Manufacturing Act, which was enacted as part of the fiscal year 2021 appropriations bill. The EPA has also proposed regulations to 
reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas industry and President Biden helped launch a global methane pledge at the Glasgow 
Climate Summit, or COP26, under which more than 100 countries have committed to cut their total methane emissions at least 30% 
by 2030. 

A number of U.S. states have formed regional partnerships to regulate emissions of GHGs such as the Transportation and Climate 
Initiative enacted on December 17, 2019 and involving thirteen jurisdictions in the Northwest and Mid-Atlantic United States. States 
and local governments continue to enact rules and regulations to reduce use and increase regulation of the oil and gas industry. In 
2019, Berkeley, California became the first city to ban the use of natural gas in new buildings. Since then, dozens of urban centers 
have followed suit, including major cities such as San Jose and New York. At the state level, California’s most recent building code 
update requires new buildings to be wired for all-electric operation and uses heat pumps as the energy efficiency benchmark for 
heating but does not ban new gas hookups. In her 2022 State of the State policy book, New York Governor Kathy Hochul proposed 
that all new buildings be required to have zero on-site emissions no later than 2027. 

In general, climate change legislation imposes, among other things, costs, restrictions, liabilities and obligations in connection with 
the handling, use, storage and transportation of crude oil and petroleum products. The complexities of changes in environmental 
regulations  make  it  difficult  to  predict  the  potential  future  impact  to  the  Company.  However,  compliance  with  climate  change 
legislation  requires  significant  expenditures  and  it  is  likely  that  such  legislation  will  materially  impact  the  nature  of  oil  and  gas 
operations, including those carried out by the Company and its customers. In addition, changes to such legislation or future legislation 
may apply to more facilities over time and result in further regulatory requirements that could affect the Company’s business, or the 
business of its customers. At present, it is not possible to predict the impact such legislation will, or new legislation or regulatory 
programs could, have on the Company’s business, operations and/or finances. Future capital expenditures and operating expenses 
could  continue  to  increase  as  a  result  of,  among  other  things,  developments  in  the  Company’s  business,  operations,  plans  and 
objectives and changes to existing, or implementation of new and more stringent, climate change legislation. Regulatory focus on 
other air emissions criteria such as VOC emissions, particulate matter and ground level ozone may also impact the oil and gas sector, 
particularly  the  midstream  component.  Failure  to  comply  with  climate  change  legislation  may  result  in,  among  other  things,  the 
imposition of fines, penalties, environmental protection orders, suspension of operations, and could adversely affect the Company’s 
reputation. The costs of complying with climate change legislation are not presently expected to have a material adverse effect on 
the Company’s operations or financial condition, however, the implementation of new climate change legislation, the modification of 
existing climate change legislation, changes in climate change policy that seek to promote adaptation to climate change which affect 
the energy industry generally could reduce demand for crude oil and petroleum products and materially impact the Company’s current 
or future business (including, without limitation, increasing costs of compliance) and could have an adverse effect on the Company’s 
operations, margins, profitability and results. 

29 
 
 
Risks Related to Climate Change Legislation 

The extent and magnitude of any adverse impacts of current or additional programs or regulations beyond reasonably foreseeable 
requirements  cannot  be  reliably  or  accurately  estimated  at  this  time,  in  part  because  certain  specific  legislative  and  regulatory 
requirements have not been finalized and uncertainty exists with respect to the additional measures being considered and the time 
frames  for  compliance.  Consequently,  no  assurances  can be  given  that  the  effect  of  future  climate  change  legislation  will  not  be 
significant to the Company. There is also risk that the Company could face claims initiated by third parties relating to climate change 
or climate change legislation. These claims could, among other things, result in litigation targeted against the Company and the oil 
and gas industry generally, which may, in turn, have an adverse effect on the Company's operations, margins, profitability and results. 

Emerging Climate Change Regulations  

Compliance with climate change legislation generally requires significant expenditures and could potentially impact the nature of oil 
and gas operations, including those of our customers. The increased costs of compliance associated with emerging regulations may 
also have a direct material impact on the Company's business and financial position. As regulations, including the emerging regulations 
identified below, change, they may affect the future demand of oil and refined products and, as a result, the ultimate impact and 
lasting  effects  on  the  Company’s  business,  operations  and  financial  condition,  and  on  the  energy  industry  as  a  whole,  are  highly 
uncertain. 

Increasing Minimum Price on Carbon 

On July 12, 2021, the federal government formally submitted Canada’s enhanced Nationally Determined Contribution ("NDC") to the 
United Nations, committing Canada to cut its GHG emissions by 40-45 percent below 2005 levels by 2030. Canada’s NDC submission 
outlines a series of investments, regulations and measures that the country is taking in pursuit of its ambitious target. It includes input 
from provincial, territorial and Indigenous partners. The federal government additionally confirmed that the minimum price on carbon 
pollution will increase by $15 per tonne each year starting in 2023 through to 2030, and will be $170 per tonne in 2030. The Federal 
Backstop  will  be  updated  to  ensure  all  provincial  and  territorial  pricing  systems  are  comparable  in  terms  of  stringency  and 
effectiveness.  Provinces  and  territories  will  continue  to  have  the  flexibility  to  implement  a  system  that  makes  sense  for  their 
circumstances as long as they align with the benchmark.  

Clean Fuel Regulations 

On December 19, 2020, the Government of Canada announced the draft of the Clean Fuel Regulations, which is expected to come 
into force in December 2022. The aim of this regulation is (i) to lower the GHG emissions from various liquid fossil fuels by requiring 
producers or importers of gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and light and heavy fuel oils ("primary suppliers") to lower the carbon intensity 
of such fuels; and (ii) provide a framework for primary suppliers and those who voluntarily participate in the compliance credit market 
to create and trade credits to the extent they avoid lifecycle emissions of such fuels. Notwithstanding that compliance requirements 
only apply to liquid fuels, the Clean Fuel Regulations provide a framework for credit creation applicable to gaseous fuels as well. The 
regulation sets a baseline carbon intensity for each type of liquid fossil fuel, against which the primary suppliers must make annual 
carbon intensity reductions. Starting in 2022, each primary supplier must reduce the carbon intensity by the prescribed amount.  

Decommissioning, Abandonment and Reclamation Costs 

The Company is responsible for compliance with all applicable laws and regulations regarding the decommissioning, abandonment 
and reclamation of the Company’s facilities and pipelines at the end of their economic life, the costs of which may be substantial. It is 
not  possible  to  predict  these  costs  with  certainty  since  they  will  be  a  function  of  regulatory  requirements  and  environmental 
conditions at the time of decommissioning, abandonment and reclamation. The Company may, in the future, be required by applicable 
laws or regulations to establish and fund one or more decommissioning, abandonment and reclamation reserve funds to provide for 
payment of future decommissioning, abandonment and reclamation costs, which among other things may impact the Company’s 
ability to execute its business plan and service its debt obligations. In addition, such reserves, if established, may not be sufficient to 
satisfy such future decommissioning, abandonment and reclamation costs and the Company will be responsible for the payment of 
the balance of such costs. 

As of January 2022, there are annual spend requirements for decommissioning, abandonment and reclamation of inactive sites in 
Alberta which require an amount specified by the regulator to be spent on decommissioning, abandonment and reclamation. Similar 
requirements will be enacted in Saskatchewan in 2023, which will require the Company to ensure that inactive sites are actively being 
addressed and, based on the regulator's assessment of the liability associated with any inactive sites, result in mandatory annual 
spend  requirements.  These  spend  requirements  are  not  currently  material;  however,  any  increases  thereto,  may  impact  the 
Company's ability to execute its business plan and service its debt obligations, which may adversely affect the Company's business, 
financial condition and reputation. 

30 
 
 
 
Legislative and Regulatory Changes 

The Company’s industry is highly regulated. There can be no guarantee that laws and other government programs relating to the oil 
and gas industry, the energy services industry and the transportation industry will not be changed in a manner which directly and 
adversely affects the Company’s business. There can also be no assurance that the laws, regulations or rules governing the Company’s 
customers will not be changed in a manner which adversely affects the Company’s customers and, therefore, the Company’s business. 

In addition, the Company’s pipelines and facilities are potentially subject to common carrier and common processor applications and 
to rate setting by regulatory authorities in the event agreement on fees or tariffs cannot be reached with producers. To the extent 
that producers believe processing fees or tariffs with respect to pipelines and facilities are too high, they may seek rate relief through 
regulatory means. If regulations were passed lowering or capping the Company’s rates and tariffs, the Company’s results of operations 
and cash flows could be adversely affected. 

Petroleum products that the Company stores and transports are sold by the Company’s customers for consumption into the public 
market. Various federal, provincial, state and local agencies have the authority to prescribe specific product quality specifications for 
commodities  sold  into  the  public  market.  Changes  in  product  quality  specifications  or  blending  requirements  could  reduce  the 
Company’s throughput volume, require the Company to incur additional handling costs or require capital expenditures. For instance, 
different product specifications for different markets impact the fungibility of the products in the Company’s system and could require 
the construction of additional storage. If the Company is unable to recover these costs through increased revenue, the Company’s 
cash flows could be adversely affected. In addition, changes in the quality of the products the Company receives on its petroleum 
products pipeline system could reduce or eliminate the Company’s ability to blend products. 

The Company’s cross-border activities are subject to additional regulation, including import and export licenses, tariffs, Canadian and 
U.S.  customs  and  tax  issues  and  toxic  substance  certifications.  Such  regulations  include  the  Short  Supply  Controls  of  the  Export 
Administration Act, the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement, the Toxic Substances Control Act and the Canadian Environmental 
Protection Act, 1999. Violations of these licensing, tariff and tax reporting requirements could result in the imposition of significant 
administrative, civil and criminal penalties. 

In addition, local, consumption and income tax laws relating to the Company may be changed in a manner which adversely affects the 
Company. 

Environmental and Health and Safety Regulations 

Each of the Company’s segments are subject to the risk of incurring substantial costs and liabilities under environmental and health 
and safety laws and regulations. These costs and liabilities arise under increasingly stringent environmental and health and safety 
laws, including regulations and governmental enforcement policies and legislation, and as a result of third-party claims for damages 
to  property  or  persons arising  from  the  Company’s  operations.  Environmental  laws  and  regulations  impose,  among  other  things, 
restrictions, liabilities and obligations in connection with the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of 
hazardous substances and waste and in connection with spills, releases and emissions of various substances into the environment. 
Environmental  laws  and  regulations  also  require  that  pipelines,  facilities  and  other  properties  associated  with  the  Company’s 
operations be constructed, operated, maintained, abandoned and reclaimed to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities. 
Health and safety laws and regulations impose, among other things, requirements designed to ensure the protection of workers and 
to limit the exposure of persons to certain hazardous substances. In addition, certain types of projects may be required to submit and 
obtain  approval  of  environmental  impact  assessments,  to  obtain  and  maintain  environmental  permits  and  approvals  and  to 
implement mitigative measures prior to the implementation of such projects. 

Failure to comply with environmental and health and safety laws and regulations, including related permits and approvals, may result 
in assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, the issuance of regulatory or judicial orders, the imposition of remedial 
obligations  such  as  clean-up  and  site  restoration  requirements,  the  payment  of  deposits,  liens,  the  amendment,  suspension  or 
revocation of permits and approvals and the potential issuance of injunctions to limit or cease operations. If the Company were unable 
to recover these costs through increased revenue, the Company’s ability to meet its financial obligations could be adversely affected. 

Some of the Company’s facilities have been used for many years to transport, distribute or store petroleum products. Over time the 
Company’s operations, or operations by the Company’s predecessors or third parties not under the Company’s control, may have 
resulted in the disposal or release of hydrocarbons or wastes at or from these properties upon which the facilities are situated along 
or over pipeline rights-of-way. In addition, some of the Company’s facilities are located on or near current or former refining and 
terminal  sites,  and  there  is  a  risk  that  contamination  is  present  on  those  sites  or  may  migrate  onto  the  Company's  sites  from 
neighbouring sites. The Company may be subject to strict joint and several liability under a number of these environmental laws and 
regulations for such disposal and releases of hydrocarbons or wastes or the existence of contamination, even in circumstances where 

31 
 
 
 
such activities or conditions were caused by third parties not under the Company’s control or were otherwise lawful at the time they 
occurred. 

Further, the transportation of hazardous materials and/or other substances in the Company’s pipelines or by truck or rail may result 
in environmental damage, including accidental releases that may cause death or injuries to humans, damage to third parties and 
natural resources, and/or result in federal and/or provincial and state civil and/or criminal penalties that could be material to the 
Company’s results of operations and cash flow. 

The  Company  engages  in  operations  which  handle  hazardous  materials.  As  a  result  of these  and  other  activities,  the  Company  is 
subject  to  a  variety  of  federal,  provincial,  state,  local  and  foreign  laws  and  regulations  relating  to  the  generation,  transport,  use 
handling, storage, treatment and exposure to and disposal of these materials, including record keeping, reporting and registration 
requirements. The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur expenditures to maintain compliance with environmental 
laws and regulations. Moreover, some or all of the environmental laws and regulations to which the Company is subject could become 
more stringent or be more stringently enforced in the future. Failure to comply with applicable environmental laws and regulations 
and permit requirements could result in civil or criminal fines or penalties or enforcement actions, including regulatory or judicial 
orders enjoining or curtailing operations or requiring corrective measures or remedial actions. 

Certain environmental laws, including the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA") and 
comparable state laws in the U.S., impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault or legality of the operations, on certain 
categories of persons, including current and prior owners or operators of a facility where there is a release or threatened release of 
hazardous substances, transporters of hazardous substances and entities that arranged for disposal of the hazardous substances at 
the site. Under CERCLA, these "responsible persons" may be held jointly and severally liable for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous 
substances, as well as for damages to natural resources and for the costs of certain health studies, relocation expenses and other 
response costs. 

CERCLA  generally  exempts  "petroleum"  from  the  definition  of  hazardous  substance;  however,  in  the  course  of  the  Company’s 
operations,  the  Company  has  accepted,  handled,  transported  and/or  generated  materials  that  are  considered  "hazardous 
substances."  Further,  hazardous  substances  or  hazardous  wastes  may  have  been  released  at  properties  owned  or  leased  by  the 
Company now or in the past, or at other locations where these substances or wastes were taken for treatment or disposal. Given the 
nature  of  the  Company’s  previously  divested  environmental  services  business,  it  has  incurred  liabilities  under  CERCLA  or  other 
environmental cleanup laws, at its current or former facilities, adjacent or nearby third-party facilities, or offsite disposal locations. 
There can be no assurance that the costs associated with future cleanup activities that the Company may be required to conduct or 
finance will not be material. Additionally, the Company may become liable to third parties for damages, including personal injury and 
property damage, resulting from the disposal or release of hazardous substances into the environment. 

Failure to comply with environmental regulations could have an adverse impact on the Company’s reputation. There is also risk that 
the Company could face litigation initiated by third parties relating to climate change or other environmental regulations. 

Federal Review of Environmental and Regulatory Processes 

In 2016, the Government of Canada commenced a review of federal environmental and regulatory processes under various acts and 
in  February  2018,  the  Government  of  Canada  proposed  the  enactment  of  the  Impact  Assessment  Act  and  the  Canadian  Energy 
Regulator Act and certain amendments to the Fisheries Act and the Navigation Protection Act.  

The  Impact  Assessment  Act  came  into  force  in  August  2019  and  replaced  the  Canadian  Environmental  Assessment  Act,  2012.  It 
established the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada, which leads and coordinates impact assessments for all designated projects. 
The Impact Assessment Act applies to designated projects listed in the Physical Activities Regulations and physical activities designated 
by  the  Minister  of  Environment  and  Climate  Change  Canada  on  an  ad  hoc  basis.  The  legislation  expanded  the  assessment 
considerations beyond the environment to expressly include health, economic, social and gender impacts, as well as considerations 
related to sustainability and Canada’s climate change commitments. Increased environmental assessment obligations may create risk 
of increased costs and project delays and may limit the Company's ability to obtain or renew permits efficiently. The Canadian Energy 
Regulator Act also came into force in August 2019 and replaced the National Energy Board with the Canada Energy Regulator and 
modified the regulator’s role in federal impact assessments.  

The amendments to the Fisheries Act restored the previous prohibition against harmful alteration, disruption or destruction of fish 
habitat and the prohibition against causing the death of fish by means other than fishing. The amendments also introduced several 
new requirements to expand the scope of protection and role of Indigenous groups and interests. The prohibitions against the death 
of fish, and the harmful alteration, disruption or destruction of fish habitat may result in increased permitting requirements where 
the Company’s operations potentially impact fish or fish habitat. These amendments came into force in August 2019.  

The changes to the Navigation Protection Act, including its renaming to the Canadian Navigable Waters Act, expanded its scope to all 

32 
 
 
navigable waters, created greater oversight for navigable waters and, consistent with the Fisheries Act, introduced requirements to 
expand the scope of protection and the role of Indigenous groups and interests. The broader application of the Canadian Navigable 
Waters Act may result in increased permitting requirements where the Company’s operations potentially impact navigable waters. 
These amendments came into force in August 2019.  

Capital Project Delivery and Success 

The Company has had, and will have organic growth projects that require the expenditure of significant amounts of capital. Many of 
these  projects  involve  numerous  regulatory,  environmental,  commercial,  short  and  long-term  weather-related,  political  and  legal 
uncertainties that will be beyond the Company’s control. As these projects are undertaken, required regulatory and other approvals 
may not be obtained, may be delayed or may be obtained with conditions that materially alter the expected return associated with 
the underlying projects. Moreover, the Company will incur financing costs during the planning and construction phases of its growth 
projects, but the operating cash flow the Company expects these projects to generate will not materialize until after the projects are 
completed. These projects may be completed behind schedule or in excess of budgeted cost, including a result of inflation or supply 
chain  disruptions.  For  example,  the  Company  must  compete  with  other  companies  for  the  materials  and  construction  services 
required to complete these projects, and competition for these materials or services could result in significant delays and/or cost 
overruns. Any such cost overruns, or unanticipated delays in the completion or commercial development of these projects, could 
reduce the Company’s liquidity. The Company may construct facilities or other assets in anticipation of market demand that dissipates 
during  the  intervening  period  between  project  conception  and  delivery  to  market  or  never  materializes.  As  a  result  of  these 
uncertainties, the anticipated benefits associated with the Company’s capital projects may not be lower than expected. 

Inflation 

The Company does not believe that inflation has had a material effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations to 
date; however, if the Company's development, operation or labour costs were to become subject to significant inflationary 
pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through corresponding increases in commodity prices. The 
Company's inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Reputation 

The Company relies on its reputation to build and maintain positive relationships with its stakeholders, to recruit and retain staff, and 
to be a credible, trusted company. Reputational risk is the potential for negative impacts that could result from the deterioration of 
the  Company’s  reputation  with  key  stakeholders.  The  potential  for  harming  the  Company’s  corporate  reputation  exists  in  every 
business decision and public interaction, which in turn can negatively impact the Company’s business and its securities. Reputational 
risk  cannot  be  managed  in  isolation  from  other  forms  of  risk.  Credit,  market,  operational,  insurance,  liquidity,  regulatory, 
environmental and legal risks must all be managed effectively to safeguard the Company’s reputation.  

With increasing public focus on climate change and GHG emissions, the reputation of oil and gas companies generally may become 
increasingly unfavourable. There are added social pressures which demand governments and companies work to mitigate the risks 
associated with climate change, decrease GHG emissions and move towards decarbonization. Specifically, there is a reputational risk 
in connection with the Company's ability to meet increasing climate reporting and emission reduction expectations from our key 
stakeholders. While our reputation may be generally negatively impacted in connection with the stigmatization of the energy industry, 
the Company has been actively preparing and adapting to manage and respond to investors’ increasing expectations by proactively 
setting voluntary GHG and emissions reduction targets, investing in energy efficiency and emissions reduction projects, integrating 
ESG across the business and tying our borrowing costs and employee compensation to our ESG performance.  

Negative  impacts  from  a  compromised  reputation  for  any  reason  could  include  revenue  loss,  reduction  in  customer  base  and 
diminution of share price. 

Hazards and Operational Risks 

The  Company’s  operations  are  subject  to  the  many  hazards  inherent  in  the  transportation,  storage,  processing,  treating  and 
distribution of crude oil, NGLs and petroleum products, including: 

 

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adverse weather conditions or extreme events, explosions, fires and accidents, including road and rail accidents; 

damage to the Company’s tanker trucks, pipelines, storage tanks, terminals and related equipment; 

ruptures, leaks or releases of crude oil or petroleum products into the environment; 

protests, demonstrations or blockades; 

acts of terrorism or vandalism; and 

33 
 
 
 

other accident or hazards that may occur at or during transport to, or from, commercial or industrial sites.  

If any of these events were to occur, the Company could suffer substantial losses because of the resulting impact on the Company’s 
reputation, personal injury or loss of life, severe damage to and destruction of property, equipment, information technology systems, 
related  data  and  control  systems,  environmental  damage,  which  may  include  polluting  water,  land  or  air,  resulting  in  regulatory 
enforcement or curtailment or suspension of the related operations. Mechanical malfunctions, faulty measurement or other errors 
may also result in significant costs or lost revenue. 

Regulatory Approvals  

The Company’s operations require it to obtain approvals from various regulatory authorities and there are no guarantees that it will 
be  able  to  obtain  all  necessary  licenses,  permits  and  other  approvals  that  may  be  required  to  conduct  its  business.  In  addition, 
obtaining certain approvals from regulatory authorities can involve, among other things, stakeholder and Indigenous consultation, 
environmental impact assessments and public hearings. Regulatory approvals obtained may be subject to the satisfaction of certain 
conditions, including, but not limited to: security deposit obligations, ongoing regulatory oversight of projects, mitigating or avoiding 
project  impacts,  habitat  assessments  and  other  commitments  or  obligations.  Failure  to  obtain  applicable  regulatory  approvals  or 
satisfy any of the conditions thereto on a timely basis on satisfactory terms could result in delays, abandonment or restructuring of 
projects and increased costs. 

Jointly Owned Facilities 

Certain  of  the  Company’s  facilities  are  jointly  owned  with  third  parties.  Approvals  must  be  obtained  from  such  joint  owners  for 
proposals to make capital expenditures regarding such facilities. These approvals typically require that a capital expenditure proposal 
be approved by the owners holding a specified percentage of the ownership interests in the relevant facility. It may not be possible 
for the Company to obtain the required levels of approval from co-owners of facilities for future proposals for capital expenditures to 
expand or improve its jointly owned facilities. In addition, agreements for joint ownership often contain restrictions on transfer of an 
interest in a facility. The most frequent restrictions require a transferor who is proposing to transfer an interest to offer such interest 
to the other holders of interests in the facility prior to completing the transfer. Such provisions may restrict the Company’s ability to 
transfer its interests in facilities or to acquire partners’ interests in facilities and may also restrict the Company’s ability to maximize 
the value of a sale of its interest. Further, should a joint owner become insolvent, the Company may be directed by regulators to 
assume the joint owner's obligations and may face operational challenges during any insolvency proceedings resulting in additional 
costs. 

As  part  of  the  Company’s  effort  to  minimize  these  risks,  the  Company  maintains  communication  with  its  co-owners  through 
participation in operating committees and formal decision-making processes. The Company also utilizes its knowledge of industry 
activity and relationships with other owners to mitigate the risk of uncooperative behavior. However, there is no guarantee that the 
Company will be able to proceed with its plans for any facilities which are jointly owned. 

Capital Markets and Availability of Future Financing 

The future development of the Company’s business may be dependent on its ability to obtain additional capital including, but not 
limited to, debt and equity financing. Disruptions in international credit markets and other financial systems and a deterioration of 
global economic conditions, may cause significant volatility in commodity prices and interest rates at which the Company is able to 
borrow funds for capital programs. Uncertainty in the global economic situation, including ESG factors, could mean that the Company, 
along  with  other  oil  and  gas  entities,  may  face  restricted  access  to  capital  and  increased  borrowing  costs.  Specifically,  changing 
investor priorities and trends, including as a result of climate change, ESG initiatives, the adoption of decarbonization policies and the 
general stigmatization of the oil and gas industry may limit the Company's ability to attract and access capital. This could have an 
adverse effect on the Company, as future capital expenditures will be financed out of cash generated from operations and borrowings, 
and the Company’s ability to borrow is dependent on, among other factors, the overall state of the capital markets  and investor 
appetite for investments in the energy industry generally and the Company’s securities. The Company's ability to obtain additional 
capital is dependent on, among other things, investor interest in investments in the energy industry in general and investor interest 
in its securities. See also “Climate Change and ESG Targets and Commitments”. 

To the extent that external sources of capital become limited or unavailable, or available on onerous terms, the Company’s ability to 
make  capital  investments  and  maintain  existing  properties  may  be  impaired,  and  the  business,  its  financial  condition,  results  of 
operations and cash flow may be materially adversely affected as a result. 

Insurance 

The Company currently maintains customary insurance of the types and amounts consistent with prudent industry practice. However, 
the Company is not fully insured against all risks incidental to the Company’s business. The Company is not obliged to maintain any 
such insurance if it is not available on commercially reasonable terms. There can be no guarantee that such insurance coverage will 

34 
 
 
be available in the future on commercially reasonable terms or at commercially reasonable rates or that the amounts for which the 
Company  is  insured,  or  the  proceeds  of  such  insurance,  will  compensate  the  Company  fully  for  the  Company’s  losses.  Insurance 
providers are adjusting to the risks that climate change poses and as a result, our ability to secure necessary or prudent insurance 
coverage may also be adversely affected in the event that our insurers adopt more restrictive ESG or decarbonization policies. As a 
result  of  these  policies,  premiums  and  deductibles  for  some  or  all  of  our  insurance  policies  could  increase  substantially.  In  some 
instances, coverage may be reduced or become unavailable. As a result, we may not be able to renew our existing policies, or procure 
other desirable insurance coverage, either on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. 

In  addition,  the  insurance  coverage  obtained  with  respect  to  the  Company’s  business  and  facilities  will  be  subject  to  limits  and 
exclusions or limitations on coverage that are considered by management to be reasonable, given the cost of procuring insurance and 
current operating conditions. There can be no assurance that the insurance proceeds received by the Company in respect of a claim 
will be sufficient in any particular situation to fully compensate the Company for losses and liabilities suffered. If a significant accident 
or event occurs that is not fully insured, it could adversely affect the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows. 

Contract Renegotiation 

Some of the Company’s contract-based revenue are generated under contracts with terms which allow the customer to reduce or 
suspend performance under the contract in specified circumstances, such as the occurrence of a catastrophic event to the Company 
or  the  customer’s  operations.  The  occurrence  of  an  event  which  results  in  a  material  reduction  or  suspension  of  the  Company’s 
customer’s performance could reduce the Company’s profitability. 

Some of the Company’s contracts with third-party customers for services have terms of one year or less. As these contracts expire, 
they must be extended and renegotiated or replaced. The Company may not be able to extend, renegotiate or replace these contracts 
when they expire, and the terms of any renegotiated contracts may not be as favorable as the contracts they replace. The Company 
faces intense competition in its gathering, transportation, terminalling and storage activities. Other providers of crude oil gathering, 
transportation, terminalling and storage services that are able to supply the Company’s customers with those services at a lower price 
could reduce the Company’s ability to compete in this industry. Additionally, the Company may incur substantial costs if modifications 
to  the  Company’s  terminals are  required  in  order  to  attract  substitute  customers  or provide  alternative  services.  If  the  Company 
cannot successfully renew significant contracts, or if the Company must renew them on less favorable terms, or if the Company incurs 
substantial costs in modifying its terminals, the Company’s revenue from these arrangements could decline. 

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION AND ADVISORY STATEMENT 

Certain  statements  and  information  included  or  referred  to  in  this  MD&A  constitute  forward-looking  information  (as  such  term  is 
defined under applicable Canadian securities laws). These statements relate to future events or the Company’s future performance. 
All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking information. The use of any of the words “anticipate”, 
“plan”, “continue”, “target”, “must”, “commit”, “estimate”, “expect”, “extend”, “remain”, “future”, “intend”, “may”, “can”, “will”, 
“project”, “should”, “could”, “would”, “believe”, “predict”, “forecast”, “long-term”, “potential”, “possibility” and similar expressions of 
future  outcomes  or  statements  regarding  an  outlook  are  intended  to  identify  forward-looking  information.  Forward-looking 
information, included or referred to in this MD&A includes, but is not limited to statements with respect to:  

 

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 
 

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 
 

 
 
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 
 

the effect of the COVID-19 (including its variants) pandemic and governmental responses thereto on the Company’s business, 
operations, financial condition and access to financing; 
achieving the targets including but not limited to growth capital expenditure and allocation thereof;  
the addition or disposition of assets and changes in the services to be offered by the Company; 
the Company’s projections relating to target segment profit, distributable cash flow, distributable cash flow per share, total 
cash flow; 
leverage ratio, dividend payout ratios and net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio;   
the Company's investment in new equipment, technology, facilities and personnel; 
the Company's growth strategy to expand in existing and new markets including the anticipated benefits from the Company’s 
basin strategy; 
long-term contracts and the terms, counterparties and impacts thereof; 
the evaluation of the Company’s strategic plan and the key attributes of the Company’s business strategy and strengths; 
the Company’s ability to execute its current business strategy, related milestones and ability to meet its ESG targets and the 
associated impacts to the Company’s reputation and ability to attract capital;  
the effect of the Company’s credit rating and relative performance to certain ESG targets on its borrowing costs; 
the Company’s ability to position itself as a ESG and sustainability leader and integrate the principles of ESG and sustainability 
into the evaluation and pursuit of the Company’s business strategy and commercial opportunities; 

35 
 
 
 

 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 

 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

the Company’s ESG targets, including its goal of achieving Net Zero GHG emissions by 2050 and expectations and plans related 
to its Net Zero by 2050 target pathway and its effectiveness; 
the  role  of  sustainable  development  in  future  outcomes  related  to  the  economy, the  Company's  climate  goals  and value 
generation for stakeholders; 
the availability of sufficient capital and liquidity for planned growth; 
uncertainty and volatility relating to crude oil prices and price differentials between crude oil streams and blending agents, 
and the effect thereof on the Company’s financial condition; 
the anticipated benefits and functionality of the DRU; 
the effect of competition in regions of North America, and its impact on downward pricing pressure and regional crude oil 
price differentials among crude oil grades and locations; 
the effect of market volatility on the Company's marketing revenue and activities; 
the Company's ability to service its debt and to pay down and retire indebtedness; 
the sufficiency and sources of funding to service the Company's debt, meet its operating obligations, fund capital expenditures 
and pay dividends; 
the appropriateness of the Company's approach to its capital structure; 
evaluations by credit rating agencies and the results and effects thereof; 
changes to the Company's capital structure, the reasons therefor and the results thereof; 
the  adequacy  of  the  Company's  provisions  for  restoration,  retirement  and  environmental  costs  and  legal  claims  and  the 
materiality thereof; 
the Company's plans for additional strategic acquisitions, capital expenditures or other similar transactions, including the 
costs, timing and completion thereof; 
the expected cost relative to budget and in-service dates for new storage capacity and new projects being constructed by the 
Company; 
the Company's planned hedging activities;  
the Company's projections of commodity purchase and sales activities; 
the Company's projections of currency and interest rate fluctuations; 
the Company’s projections with respect to the adoption and implementation of new accounting standards and policies, and 
their impact on the Company’s financial statements; 
the sources of the Company’s cash flows; 
the Company’s normal course issuer bid; 
the realization of anticipated benefits from the implementation of cost saving measures; 
the Company’s projections of dividends; and 
the Company's dividend policy. 

With respect to forward-looking information contained in this MD&A, assumptions and estimates have been made regarding, among 
other things:  

• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

• 

• 
• 

the impact of the COVID-19 (including its variants) pandemic, including government responses related thereto on demand for 
crude oil and petroleum products and the Company’s operations generally; 
general economic and industry conditions; 
future growth in world-wide demand for crude oil and petroleum products; 
commodity prices; 
no material defaults by the counterparties to agreements with the Company;  
the Company's ability to obtain qualified and diverse personnel and equipment in a timely and cost-efficient manner or at all; 
the regulatory framework governing taxes and environmental matters in the jurisdictions in which the Company conducts and 
will conduct its business; 
the energy transition that is underway as the world shifts towards a lower carbon economy and a maintained industry focus 
on ESG and the impact thereof on the Company; 
the development and performance of technology and new energy efficient products, services and programs including but not 
limited to the use of zero-emission and renewable fuels, carbon capture and storage, electrification of equipment powered by 
zero-emission energy sources and utilization and availability of carbon offsets and carbon price outlook; 
the Company's relationships with the communities in which we operate; 
climate-related  estimates  and  scenarios  and  the  accuracy  thereof,  including  the  cost  of  compliance  with  climate  change 
legislation and the impact thereof on the Company; 

36 
 
 
• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the impact of emerging regulations on the nature of oil and gas operations, expenditures in the oil and gas industry, and 
demand for our products and services; 
changes in credit ratings applicable to the Company; 
the Company's ability to achieve its Sustainability and ESG targets, the timing thereof and the impact thereof on the Company; 
the Company's future investments in new technologies and innovation and the return thereon; 
operating and borrowing costs, including those related to the Company's Sustainability and ESG programs; 
future capital expenditures to be made by the Company, including its ability to place assets into service as currently planned 
and scheduled; 
the Company's ability to obtain financing for its capital programs on acceptable terms; 
the Company’s ability to maintain a strong balance sheet and financial position; 
the Company's future debt levels;  
the impact of increasing competition on the Company;  
the impact of changes in government policies on the Company;  
the ability of the Company and, as applicable, its partner(s), to construct and place assets into service and the associated costs 
of such projects; 
the Company’s ability to generate sufficient cash flow to meet the Company’s current and future obligations; 
the Company’s dividend policy; 
product supply and demand;  
demand for the services offered by the Company; 
the Company’s ability to re-negotiate contracts for its services on terms favorable to the Company; 
the impact of future changes in accounting policies on the Company’s consolidated financial statements; and 
the Company’s ability to successfully implement the plans and programs disclosed in the Company’s strategy. 

In addition, this MD&A may contain forward-looking information attributed to third party industry sources. Actual results could differ 
materially from those anticipated in forward-looking information as a result of numerous risks and uncertainties including, but not 
limited to, the risks and uncertainties described in "Risk Factors" included in this MD&A. Readers should also refer to “Forward-Looking 
Information” and “Risk Factors” in the AIF and to the risk factors described in other documents Gibson files from time to time with 
securities  regulatory  authorities,  available  on  the  Company’s  profile  at  www.sedar.com  and  on  the  Company's  website  at 
www.gibsonenergy.com.  No  assurance  can  be  given  that  these  expectations  will  prove  to  be  correct.  As  such,  forward-looking 
information included or referred to in this MD&A and the Company’s other filings with Canadian securities regulatory authorities should 
not be unduly relied upon. These statements speak only as of the date of this MD&A. Information on, or connected to, the Company’s 
website www.gibsonenergy.com does not form part of this MD&A. The forward-looking information included or referred to in this 
MD&A  are  expressly  qualified  by  this  cautionary  statement  and  are  made  as  of  the  date  of  this  MD&A.  The  Company  does  not 
undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future 
events or otherwise except as required by applicable securities laws. 

The forward-looking information included or referred to in this MD&A are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement. 

Advisory Statement 

Scope 1 emissions are direct emissions from facilities owned and operated by Gibson. 

Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions from the generation of purchased energy for Gibson’s owned and operated facilities. 

Scope 3 emissions are indirect emissions not included in Scope 1 or Scope 2 that Gibson indirectly impacts in its value chain. 

All references in this MD&A to Net Zero include Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions only and are only inclusive of the equity portion of 
facilities Gibson owns and operates. 

37 
 
 
 
 
TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

AIF: the Company’s Annual Information Form for the year ended December 31, 2021 

barrel: One barrel of petroleum, each barrel representing 34.972 Imperial gallons or 42 U.S. gallons 

the Board: Gibson’s Board of Directors 

COVID-19: Disease caused by the novel coronavirus that was first identified in December 2019 and subsequent variants 

Canadian Crude Marketing: The Company’s business which markets crude oil and various other products in Canada 

Crude Marketing: The aggregated Canadian Crude Marketing and U.S. Crude Marketing business  

DBRS Morningstar: Collectively the companies of DBRS Limited, DBRS Inc., DBRS Ratings Limited and DBRS Ratings GmbH  

DC&P: disclosure controls and procedures as defined in National instrument 52-109 Certification of disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and 
Interim Filings 

DRU: Diluent Recovery Unit, a facility that separates diluent from heavier petroleum stock, owned by the Company’s equity accounted 
for investee Hardisty Energy Terminal LP 

ESG: Environmental, Social, Governance 

GAAP: International Financial Reporting Standards as set out in the Handbook of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Professional 
Accountants and as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, also referred to as IFRS 

Hardisty Unit Train Facility or HURC Facility: A unit train facility at Hardisty, Alberta, jointly developed with USD Group, that includes 
an exclusive five-kilometer pipeline connection from the Hardisty Terminal 

HET: Hardisty Energy Terminal Limited Partnership. HET is jointly owned by US Development Group, LLC (through a wholly-owned 
affiliate, collectively “USD”) and the Company, with each party owning a 50% interest 

ICFR: Internal Controls over Financial Reporting as defined in National instrument 52-109 Certification of disclosure in Issuers’ Annual 
and Interim Filings 

IFRS: International Financial Reporting Standards, also referred to as GAAP 

L3R: Enbridge Line 3 Replacement Project 

MD&A: Management Discussion and Analysis 

Moose Jaw Facility: Gibson’s heavy crude oil processing facility located at Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, that produces asphaltic and 
lighter distillate products that are generally sold into specialized markets 

NGL: Natural Gas Liquids, comprised of ethane, propane, butane and natural gasoline.  

NI 52-112: National instrument 52-112 – Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures Disclosure 

NI 52-109: National instrument 52-109 – Certification of Disclosure in Issuer’s Annual and Interim Filings  

PSU: performance share units, convertible into common shares in the Company when various performance targets are achieved. 

Moose Jaw Refined Products: The Company’s business which markets the outputs of the Moose Jaw Facility 

Revolving Credit Facility: The Company’s $750 million sustainability linked unsecured revolving credit facility with a maturity date in 
April 2026 

Shareholders: The holders of issued and outstanding common shares from time to time 

TMX: Government of Canada’s Trans Mountain Pipeline Expansion 

TSX: Toronto Stock Exchange 

U.S.: United States of America 

U.S Crude Marketing: The Company’s business which markets crude oil and various other products in the U.S. 

USD Group: US Development Group, LLC.  

WCSB: Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin 

38 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report 

To the Shareholders of Gibson Energy Inc. 

Our opinion 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, 
the financial position of Gibson Energy Inc. and its subsidiaries (together, the Company) as at 
December 31, 2021 and 2020, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the years then ended in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board (IFRS). 

What we have audited 
The Company’s consolidated financial statements comprise: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2021 and 2020; 

the consolidated statements of operations for the years then ended; 

the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years then ended; 

the consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years then ended; 

the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended; and 

the notes to the consolidated financial statements, which include significant accounting policies and 
other explanatory information. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of 
the consolidated financial statements section of our report. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 

Independence 
We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements in Canada. We have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities 
in accordance with these requirements. 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
111-5th Avenue SW, Suite 3100, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 5L3 
T: +1 403 509 7500, F: +1 403 781 1825 

“PwC” refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an Ontario limited liability partnership. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021. These matters were 
addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in forming 
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.  

Key audit matter 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Impairment assessment of goodwill 

Our approach to addressing the matter involved the 
following procedures, among others:  

Refer to note 3 - Significant accounting policies 
and note 12 - Goodwill to the consolidated financial 
statements. 

The Company had goodwill of $359.9 million as at 
December 31, 2021. Management performs an 
impairment assessment annually or more 
frequently if events or circumstances indicate that 
the carrying value may be impaired. An impairment 
assessment is conducted over a group of assets 
that generate independent cash inflows; 
management has grouped these cash generating 
units (CGUs) at the operating segment level for the 
purpose of the goodwill impairment assessment. 
An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying 
amount of an operating segment to which the 
goodwill relates exceeds its recoverable amount. 
The recoverable amounts of the operating 
segments were based on a fair value less cost of 
disposal method using either a discounted cash 
flow approach or an earnings multiple approach. 

Key assumptions used in the discounted cash flow 
approach included revenue growth rates, terminal 
value, expected margins and discount rate. Key 
assumptions used in the earnings multiple 
approach were budgeted earnings before interest, 
taxes, depreciation and amortization less corporate 
expenses (EBITDA) and earnings multiples.  

We considered this a key audit matter due to (i) the 
significance of the goodwill balance and (ii) the 
significant judgment made by management in 

  Tested the operating effectiveness of internal 

controls related to the impairment assessment 
of goodwill.

  Evaluated how management determined the 

recoverable amounts of the operating 
segments, which included the following: 

-  Tested the appropriateness of the method 

and approaches used and the 
mathematical accuracy of the calculations. 

-  Tested the underlying data used by 

management in the discounted cash flow 
approach and the earnings multiple 
approach. 

-  When an earnings multiple approach was 
used, tested the reasonableness of the 
assumptions used by management in 
determining the budgeted EBITDA by 
considering (i) the current and past 
performance of the operating segments, (ii) 
external market and industry data and (iii) 
evidence obtained in other areas of the 
audit. 

-  When a discounted cash flow approach 

was used, tested the reasonableness of the 
revenue growth rates and expected 
margins by considering management’s 
strategic plans approved by the Board, 
industry growth rates and available third 
party published economic data. 

Key audit matter 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

determining the recoverable amounts of the 
operating segments, including the use of key 
assumptions. This has resulted in a high degree of 
subjectivity and audit effort in performing the audit 
procedures. Professionals with skill and knowledge 
in the field of valuation assisted us in performing 
our procedures.

Other information 

-  Professionals with specialized skill and 

knowledge in the field of valuation assisted 
in testing the reasonability of the earnings 
multiples, discount rate and terminal value. 

Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the document titled 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis and the information, other than the consolidated financial 
statements and our auditor’s report thereon, included in the document titled 2021 Report to Shareholders, 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis and Annual Financial Statements. 

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other 
information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or 
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the 
consolidated financial statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS, and for such internal control as management determines is 
necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate 
the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting 
process.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as 
a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s 
report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a 
guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards 
will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and 
are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards, we exercise 
professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, 
whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and 
obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of 
not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, 
as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of 
internal control. 

  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures 

that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the 
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. 

  Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting 

estimates and related disclosures made by management. 

  Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, 
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or 
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If 
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report 
to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are 
inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to 
the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to 
cease to continue as a going concern.  

  Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, 

including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying 
transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. 

  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or 
business activities within the Company to express an opinion on the consolidated financial 
statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We 
remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope 
and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal 
control that we identify during our audit.  

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that 
were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the current period and 
are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or 
regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we 
determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of 
doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Reynold Tetzlaff. 

/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 

Chartered Professional Accountants 

Calgary, Alberta
February 22, 2022

Gibson Energy Inc. 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 

As at December 31,  
December 31, 
2020 

2021 

Assets 
Current assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables  
Inventories  
Income taxes receivable 
Prepaid and other assets 
Net investment in finance leases 
Assets held for sale 

Non-current assets 

Property, plant and equipment  
Right-of-use assets  
Long-term prepaid and other assets 
Net investment in finance leases  
Investment in equity accounted investees  
Deferred income tax assets  
Intangible assets  
Goodwill  

Total assets 

Liabilities and equity 
Current liabilities  

Trade payables and accrued charges  
Income taxes payable   
Dividends payable  
Contract liabilities 
Lease liabilities – current portion  

Non-current liabilities 
Long-term debt  
Lease liabilities – non-current portion  
Provisions  
Other long-term liabilities 
Deferred income tax liabilities   

Total liabilities 
Equity 

Share capital   
Contributed surplus 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 
Deficit 

Total liabilities and equity  

Commitments and contingencies (note 25) 
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Approved by the Board of Directors: 

(signed)  “James M. Estey”  
James M. Estey (Director)    

5 
6 
18 

7 

8 
9 

7 
10 
18 
11 
12 

15 
18 
17 

14 

13 
14 
16 

18 

17 

62,688 
667,588 
255,131 
4,809 
7,340 
8,883 
- 
1,006,439 

1,612,636 
52,582 
2,065 
163,687 
172,715 
27,406 
34,355 
359,875 
2,425,321 
3,431,760 

683,708 
- 
51,319 
31,733 
29,748 
796,508 

1,660,609 
52,031 
180,270 
4,061 
94,155 
1,991,126 
2,787,634 

1,997,255 
66,002 
24,310 
(1,443,441) 
644,126 
3,431,760 

53,676 
333,641 
163,113 
- 
7,595 
8,454 
18,557 
585,036 

1,663,649 
69,195 
1,535 
172,466 
142,556 
36,820 
35,781 
360,122 
2,482,124 
3,067,160  

 403,719 
1,496 
49,494 
45,357 
31,208 
531,274 

1,449,481 
71,534 
236,952 
6,671 
91,598 
1,856,236 
2,387,510 

1,977,104 
61,820 
24,066 
(1,383,340) 
679,650 
3,067,160 

(signed)  “Marshall L. McRae” 
Marshall L. McRae (Director) 

41 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Operations  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Revenue   
Cost of sales  
Gross profit  

General and administrative expenses 
Other operating (income) expenses, net  

Operating income  

Finance costs, net 

Income before income taxes 

Income tax expense 

Net income 

Earnings per share 

Basic earnings per share  

Diluted earnings per share  

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

Note 

19 
10, 20, 21 

20, 21, 22 

13 

18 

17 

Year ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

7,211,148 
6,906,737 
304,411 

4,938,066 
4,631,926 
306,140 

68,812 
(6,982) 

242,581 

61,344 

181,237 

36,184 

145,053 

65,853 
(6,811) 

247,098 

96,420 

150,678 

29,369 

121,309 

0.99 

0.97 

0.83 

0.82 

42 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Net Income 

Other comprehensive income (loss) 

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to statement of operations  

Exchange differences from translating foreign operations 

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to statements of operations 
Remeasurements of post-employment benefit obligation, net of tax 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 

Comprehensive income 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Year ended December 31, 
2020 
2021 

145,053 

121,309 

(2,912) 

3,156 
244 

(8,363) 

(165) 
(8,528) 

145,297 

112,781 

43 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Share 
capital  Contributed 
surplus 

(note 17) 

Accumulated 

other 

comprehensive 
income 

Convertible 
debentures 

Deficit 

Total 
Equity 

Balance – January 1, 2020 

1,973,827 

46,316 

32,594 

7,023 

(1,299,150) 

760,610 

Net income 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax 
Comprehensive (loss) income 
Exercise of debentures conversion 

option 

Share-based compensation 
Tax effect of equity settled awards 
Proceeds from exercise of stock 

options 

Reclassification of contributed surplus 
Repurchase of shares under Normal 

Course Issuer Bid 

Dividends on common shares ($1.36 

per common share) 

- 
- 
- 

3,515 
- 
117 

927 
10,448 

(11,730) 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
18,660 
269 

- 
(3,425) 

- 

- 

- 
(8,528) 
(8,528) 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

Balance – December 31, 2020 

1,977,104 

61,820 

24,066 

Balance – January 1, 2021 

1,977,104 

61,820 

24,066 

Net income 
Other comprehensive income, net of 

tax 

Comprehensive income 
Share-based compensation  
Tax effect of equity settled awards 
Proceeds from exercise of stock 

options 

Reclassification of contributed surplus 
Dividends on common shares ($1.40 

 per common share) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
1,172 

2,147 
16,832 

- 

- 

- 
20,905 
109 

- 

(16,832) 

- 

- 

- 

244 

244 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

Balance – December 31, 2021 

1,997,255 

66,002 

24,310 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
(7,023) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

121,309 
- 
121,309 

121,309 
(8,528) 
112,781 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

3,515 
18,660 
386 

927 
- 

(6,832) 

(18,562) 

(198,667) 

(198,667) 

(1,383,340) 

679,650 

(1,383,340) 

679,650 

145,053 

145,053 

- 

145,053 
- 
- 

- 

- 

244 
145,297 
20,905 
1,281 

2,147 
- 

(205,154) 

(205,154) 

(1,443,441) 

644,126 

44 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Net income  
Adjustments 
Changes in items of working capital  
Income tax payment, net 
Net cash inflow from operating activities  

Cash flows from investing activities 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 
Investment in equity accounted investees 
Proceeds from sale of assets 
Net cash outflow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Payment of shareholder dividends  
Interest paid, net 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options  
Repayment of long-term debt, net of cost 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of cost 
Lease payments 
Repurchase of shares under normal course issuer bid 
Draws on credit facility, net  
Net cash outflow from financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents  
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning  

Note 

Year ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

27 
27 
27 

8 
10 

13 
13 
14 
17 
13 

145,053 
284,578 
(183,103) 
(29,722) 
216,806 

(117,672) 
(29,210) 
19,822 
(127,060) 

(203,329) 
(54,751) 
2,147 
- 
(328) 
(36,694) 
- 
210,000 
(82,955) 

6,791 
2,221 
53,676 

121,309 
319,133 
27,286 
(8,177) 
459,551 

(215,098) 
(120,705) 
31,849 
(303,954) 

(197,246) 
(62,534) 
927 
(719,989) 
892,972 
(44,967) 
(18,562) 
- 
(149,399) 

6,198 
247 
47,231 

Cash and cash equivalents – end  

62,688 

53,676 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

See notes 13, 14 and 17 for reconciliation of movement of financial liabilities and equity.

45 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 1  Description of Business and Segmented Disclosure 

Gibson Energy Inc. (the “Company”) is the ultimate parent company and was incorporated pursuant to the Business Corporations Act 
(Alberta) on April 11, 2011. The Company is incorporated in Alberta and domiciled in Canada. The address of the Company’s principal 
place of business is 1700, 440 Second Avenue  S.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The  Company’s common shares are traded on the 
Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “GEI”. 

The Company had the following principal subsidiaries as at December 31, 2021:  

Name 
Gibson (U.S.) Holdco Corp. 

Name 
Moose Jaw Refinery Partnership 
Gibson Energy Infrastructure Partnership 
Gibson (U.S.) Acquisition Corp. 

Nature of entity 
Holding Company 

Nature of business 
Crude oil processing 
Marketing and Infrastructure 
Marketing and Infrastructure  

The Company is a liquids infrastructure company with our principal businesses consisting of storage, optimization, processing, and 
gathering of crude oil and refined products. 

The Company’s reportable segments are: 

Infrastructure, which includes a network of oil infrastructure assets that include oil terminals, rail loading and unloading 
facilities,  gathering  pipelines,  a  crude  oil  processing  facility,  and  other  small  terminals.  The  primary  facilities  within  this 
segment include the Hardisty and Edmonton Terminals, which are the principal hubs for aggregating and exporting oil and 
refined products out of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin; gathering pipelines, which are connected to the Hardisty 
Terminal; an infrastructure position located in the United States (“U.S.”); and a crude oil processing facility in Moose Jaw, 
Saskatchewan (the “Moose Jaw Facility”). The Infrastructure segment also includes the Company’s share of equity pick up 
from equity accounted investees. The Moose Jaw Facility is impacted by maintenance turnarounds typically occurring within 
the spring every few years. 

Marketing, which is involved in the purchasing, selling, storing and optimizing of hydrocarbon products as part of supplying 
the Moose Jaw Facility and marketing its refined products as well as helping to drive volumes through the Company’s key 
infrastructure assets. The Marketing segment also engages in optimization opportunities which are typically location, quality 
and time-based. The hydrocarbon products include crude oil, natural gas liquids, and road asphalt, roofing flux, frac oils, 
light and heavy straight run distillates, combined vacuum gas oil and an oil-based mud product. The Marketing segment 
sources the majority of its hydrocarbon products from Western Canada as well as the Permian basin and markets those 
products throughout Canada and the U.S. The Moose Jaw Facility business is impacted by certain seasonality of operations 
specific to the oil and gas industry and asphalt product demand.  

This reporting structure provides a direct connection between the Company’s operations, the services it provides to customers and 
the ongoing strategic direction of the Company. These reportable segments of the Company have been derived because they are the 
segments: (a) that engage in  business activities from which revenue are  earned and expenses are incurred; (b) whose operating 
results are regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated 
to  each  segment  and  assess  its  performance;  and  (c)  for  which  discrete  financial  information  is  available.  The  Company  has 
aggregated  certain  operating  segments  into  the  above  noted  reportable  segments  through  examination  of  the  Company's 
performance which is based on the similarity of the goods and services provided and economic characteristics exhibited by these 
operating segments.  

Accounting policies used for segment reporting are consistent with the accounting policies used for the preparation of the Company’s 
consolidated  financial  statements.  Inter-segmental  transactions  are  eliminated  upon  consolidation  and  the  Company  does  not 
recognize margins on inter-segmental transactions. 

46 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

a)  Statement of operations 

Year ended December 31, 2021  

Infrastructure 

Marketing 

Total 

Revenue 

External  
Inter-segmental 
External and inter-segmental 

Segment profit  

Corporate and other reconciling items: 

Depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Depreciation of right-of-use assets 
Amortization of intangible assets 
General and administrative  
Stock based compensation 
Corporate foreign exchange loss  
Interest expense, net   
Net income before income tax  
Income tax expense 

Net income 

Statement of operations 

333,715 
186,047 
519,762 

433,929 

6,877,433 
86,148 
6,963,581 

7,211,148 
272,195 
7,483,343 

41,267 

475,196 

136,068 
29,123 
8,670 
34,481 
23,335 
938 
61,344 
181,237 
36,184 

145,053 

 Year ended December 31, 2020  

Infrastructure 

Marketing 

Total 

Revenue 

External  
Inter-segmental 
External and inter-segmental 

Segment profit  

Corporate and other reconciling items: 

Depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Depreciation of right-of-use assets 
Amortization of intangible assets 
General and administrative  
Stock based compensation 
Corporate foreign exchange gain 
Debt extinguishment costs 
Interest expense, net   
Net income before income tax  
Income tax expense 

Net income 

303,859 
161,461 
465,320 

374,424 

4,634,207 
31,218 
4,665,425 

4,938,066 
192,679 
5,130,745 

94,623 

469,047 

124,057 
37,962 
7,403 
33,081 
21,144 
(1,698) 
31,833 
64,587 
150,678 
29,369 

121,309 

47 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The breakdown of additions to property, plant and equipment, investment in equity accounted investees and intangible assets by 
reportable segment is as follows: 

Additions  

Infrastructure  
Marketing 
Corporate 

b)  Geographic Data 

Year ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

168,152 
2,308 
5,937 

315,607 
12,945 
3,142 

176,397 

331,694 

Based on the location of the end user, approximately $1,462.4 million and $1,476.2 million of revenue was from customers in the 
U.S. for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

The Company’s non-current assets, excluding investment in finance leases, investment in equity accounted investees and deferred 
tax assets are primarily concentrated in Canada, with $220.2 million and $207.6 million in the U.S. as at December 31, 2021 and 2020, 
respectively. 

Note 2  Basis of Preparation  

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) 
as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. 

These consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars, the Company’s functional currency, and all values are 
rounded  to  the  nearest  thousands  of  dollars,  except  where  indicated  otherwise.  All  references  to  $  are  to  Canadian  dollars  and 
references to US$ are to U.S. dollars.  

These consolidated financial statements were approved for issuance by the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) on February 
22, 2022. 

Note 3 Significant Accounting Policies 

The significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. These 
policies have been consistently applied to the applicable years presented. 

a)  Basis of measurement 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention except for certain items that are 
recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as required by the respective accounting standards. 

b)  Basis of consolidation 

These consolidated financial statements include the results of the Company and its subsidiaries together with its interest in joint 
arrangements. 

Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Company has control. The Company controls an entity when the Company is exposed to, 
or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power 
over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Company and continue to be 
consolidated until the date control ceases. 

Joint arrangements represent activities where the Company has joint control established by a contractual agreement. Joint control 
requires unanimous consent for the relevant financial and operational decisions. A joint arrangement is either a joint operation, 
whereby the parties have rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities, or a joint venture, whereby the parties have rights to 
the net assets. Where the Company has assessed the nature of its joint arrangements to be joint operations, it has recognized its 
proportionate share of revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities relating to these joint operations. The Company’s joint ventures are 
accounted for using the equity method of accounting and are initially recognized at cost. The joint ventures are adjusted thereafter 
for the post-acquisition change in the Company's share of the equity accounted investment's net assets. The Company's consolidated 

48 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

financial statements include its share of the equity accounted investment's profit or loss and other comprehensive income, until the 
date that joint control ceases. When the Company's share of losses exceeds its interest in an equity accounted investee, the carrying 
amount of that interest, including any long-term investments, is reduced to nil, and the recognition of further losses is discontinued 
except  to  the  extent  that  the  Company  has  an  obligation  or  has  made  payments  on  behalf  of  the  investee.  Distributions  from 
investments in equity accounted investees are recognized when received. 

Acquisition of an incremental ownership in a joint arrangement where the Company maintains joint control is recorded at cost or fair 
value if acquired as part of a business combination. Where the Company has a partial disposal, including a deemed disposal, of a joint 
arrangement and maintains joint control, the resulting gains or losses are recorded in earnings at the time of disposal. 

All intercompany transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. 
Gains arising from transactions with investments in equity accounted investees are eliminated against the investment to the extent 
of Company’s interest in the investee. Losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealized gains, but only to the extent that there is 
no evidence of impairment. 

c)  Foreign currency translation 

The financial statements for each of the Company’s subsidiaries and joint operations are prepared using their functional currency. 
The functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which an entity operates. The presentation and 
functional currency of the parent company is Canadian dollars. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into Canadian 
dollars at the market rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Operating results are translated at the average rates for the period. 
Exchange  differences  arising  on  the  consolidation  of  the  net  assets  of  foreign  operations  are  recorded  in  other  comprehensive 
income. 

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using exchange rates prevailing at the transaction date. 
Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of foreign currency transactions and from the translation at period 
end  exchange  rates  of  monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  an  entity’s  functional  currency  are 
recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. 

d)  Business combinations and goodwill 

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the 
cash  paid  and  the  fair  value  of  other  assets  given,  equity  instruments  issued  and  liabilities  incurred  or  assumed  at  the  date  of 
exchange.  For  acquisitions  achieved  in  stages,  previously  held  equity  interests  in  the  acquired  company  are  remeasured  at  the 
acquisition  date  fair  value  and  the  resulting  gain  or  loss  is  recognized  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations.  Direct  costs 
incurred by the Company in connection with an acquisition, such as finder’s fees, advisors, legal, accounting, valuation and other 
professional or consulting fees, are expensed as general and administrative expenses when incurred. The acquired identifiable assets, 
liabilities and contingent liabilities are measured at their fair values at the date of acquisition. Any excess of the cost of acquisition 
plus the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree, and the acquisition date fair value of the acquirer’s previously held 
equity interest, if any, over the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired is recognized as 
goodwill. Any deficiency of the cost of acquisition below  the fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired is credited to the 
consolidated statement of operations in the period of acquisition. 

Any  contingent  consideration  to  be  transferred  by  the  Company  is  recognised  at  fair  value  at  the  acquisition  date.  Subsequent 
changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration that are deemed to be an asset or liability are recognised in the consolidated 
statement of operations. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not re-measured, and its subsequent settlement is 
accounted for within equity. 

At  the  acquisition  date,  any  goodwill  acquired  is  allocated  to  each  of  the  operating  segments  expected  to  benefit  from  the 
combination’s synergies. Following initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. 

49 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

e)  Intangible assets 

Intangible assets are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization and impairment losses. 

An intangible asset acquired as part of a business combination is measured at fair value at the date of acquisition and is recognized 
separately from goodwill if the asset is separable or arises from contractual or other legal rights and its fair value can be measured 
reliably. Intangible assets acquired separately from a business are carried initially at cost. The initial cost is the aggregate amount 
paid and the fair value of any other consideration given to acquire the asset. 

Intangible assets with a finite life are amortized on a straight-line basis over their expected useful lives as follows: 

Long-term customer contracts .......................................................................................................................................... 6 – 10 years 
Technology, software and license ..................................................................................................................................... 3 – 10 years 

The expected useful lives and method of amortization of intangible assets are reviewed on an annual basis and, if necessary, changes 
in expected useful life are accounted for prospectively. 

The carrying value of intangible assets is reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate carrying 
value may not be recoverable. 

f)  Property, plant and equipment 

Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.  

The initial cost of an asset comprises of its purchase price or construction cost, any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset 
into operation, the initial estimate of any decommissioning obligation, if any, and, for qualifying assets, borrowing costs. The purchase 
price or construction cost is the aggregate amount paid and the fair value of any other consideration given to acquire the asset.  

Expenditures on major maintenance refits or repairs comprises of the cost of replacement assets or parts of assets, inspection costs 
and overhaul costs. Where an asset or part of an asset that was separately depreciated is replaced and it is probable that future 
economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company, the expenditure is capitalized and the carrying amount of the 
replaced asset is derecognized. Inspection costs associated with major maintenance programs are capitalized and amortized over the 
period to the next inspection. All other maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. 

Depreciation is charged to write off the cost of assets, other than assets that are work in progress, using the straight-line method 
over their expected useful lives. 

The useful lives of the Company’s property, plant and equipment are as follows: 

Buildings .............................................................................................................................................................................. 10 – 20 years 
Equipment ............................................................................................................................................................................. 3 – 20 years 
Pipelines and connections ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 – 30 years 
Tanks  .................................................................................................................................................................................. 20 – 30 years 
Plant  ................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 – 25 years 
Disposal wells ...................................................................................................................................................................... 20 – 25 years 
Rolling Stock .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 – 13 years  

The expected useful lives, method of depreciation and residual values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed on an annual 
basis and, if necessary, changes are accounted for prospectively. 

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise 
from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising from the derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between 
the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the item) is included in the consolidated statement of operations in the period 
the item is derecognized. 

50 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

g)  Impairments 

The Company carries out impairment reviews in respect of goodwill at least annually or if indicators of possible impairment exist. 
Goodwill  is  monitored  for  impairment  by  management  at  the  operating  segment  level.  The  Company  also  assesses  during  each 
reporting period whether there have been any events or changes in circumstances that indicate that property, plant and equipment 
and intangible assets may be impaired and an impairment review is carried out whenever such an assessment indicates that the 
carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such indicators include, but are not limited to, changes in the Company’s business plans, 
economic performance of the assets, reduced operational activity, an increase in the discount rate and evidence of physical damage. 
For  the  purposes  of  impairment  testing,  assets  are  grouped  at  the  lowest  levels  for  which  there  are  separately  identifiable  cash 
inflows. Where impairment exists, the asset is written down to its recoverable amount, which is the higher of the fair value less costs 
of disposal (FVLCD) and its value in use (VIU). Impairments are recognized immediately in the consolidated statement of operations. 

The assessment for impairment entails comparing the carrying value of the asset or cash generating unit with its recoverable amount, 
that  is,  the  higher  of  FVLCD  and  VIU.  VIU  is  usually  determined  on  the  basis  of  discounted  estimated  future  net  cash  flows.  In 
determining  FVLCD,  recent  market  transactions  are  taken  into  account,  if  available.  In  the  absence  of  such  transactions,  an 
appropriate valuation model is used. 

An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversible after it has been recognized. Otherwise an impairment loss may be reversed 
if a triggering event occurs indicating a change in the recoverable amount. If there is an indication that impairment loss recognized 
in prior periods for an asset other than goodwill may no longer exist or may have decreased, the impairment loss is reversed only to 
the  extent  that  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  does  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount  that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of 
depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been previously recognized. 

h)  Assets held for sale and discontinued operations 

Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts are expected to be recovered through sale rather than 
through continuing use. This condition is met when the sale is highly probable and the asset is available for immediate sale in its 
present condition. 

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified and presented as discontinued operations if the assets or disposal groups are 
disposed of or classified as held for sale and: 

- 
- 

- 

the assets or disposal groups are a major line of business or geographical area of operations; 
the  assets  or  disposal  groups  are  part  of  a  single  coordinated  plan  to  dispose  of  a  separate  major  line  of  business  or 
geographical area of operations; or 
the assets or disposal groups are a subsidiary acquired solely for the purpose of resale. 

The assets or disposal groups that meet these criteria are measured at the lower of the carrying amount and FVLCD with impairments 
recognized in the consolidated statement of operations, except for deferred tax assets for tax loss carry-forwards to the extent that 
the realization through future taxable profits is probable. An impairment loss is recognized for any initial or subsequent write-down 
of the asset (or disposal group) to fair value less costs of disposal, in accordance with our impairment policy. Non-current assets held 
for sale are presented separately in current assets and liabilities within the consolidated balance sheet. Assets held for sale are not 
depreciated, depleted or amortized. The comparative period consolidated balance sheet is not restated. The results of discontinued 
operations are shown separately in the consolidated statement of operations and cash flows, and comparative figures are restated. 

i) 

Inventories 

Inventories are carried at the lower of cost and net realizable value, with cost determined using a weighted average cost method. 
Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less applicable selling expenses. If carrying value exceeds net realizable amount, a 
write down is recognized. The write down may be reversed in a subsequent period if the circumstances which caused it no longer 
exist. 

51 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

j)  Leases - lessee 

All leases are recognized as a right-of-use asset and corresponding liability at the date of which the leased asset is available for use 
by  the  Company.  Each  lease  payment  is  allocated  between  the  liability  and  finance  cost.  The  finance  cost  is  charged  to  the 
consolidated statement of operations over the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining 
balance of the liability for each period. The right-of-use asset is depreciated over the shorter of the asset’s useful life and the lease 
term on a straight-line basis.  

The Company uses a single discount rate for a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics. Lease payments on short 
term leases with lease terms of less than twelve months or leases on which the underlying asset is of low value are accounted for as 
expenses in the consolidated statement of operations. 

Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis. Lease liabilities include the net present value 
of fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that are 
based on an index or a rate, amounts expected to be payable under residual value guarantees, the exercise price of a purchase option 
if reasonably certain to exercise that option, and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects exercising 
that option. These lease payments are discounted using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate where the rate implicit in the 
lease is not readily determinable.  

Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising of the amount of the initial measurement of lease liability, any lease payments 
made at or before the commencement date, any initial direct costs, and restoration costs. 

k)  Leases - lessor 

Leases in contractual arrangements which transfer substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of property to the lessee are 
accounted for as finance leases, while all other leases are accounted for as operating leases. 

Finance  leases  are  recorded  as  a  net  investment  in  a  finance  lease.  The  present  value  of  minimum  lease  receivable  under  such 
arrangements are recorded as an investment in finance lease and the finance income is recognized in a manner that produces a 
consistent rate of return on the investment in the finance lease and is included in revenue. 

Operating lease income is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations as it is earned over the lease term. 

l)  Provisions and contingencies 

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation, legal or constructive, as a result of a past event, it is probable 
that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be 
made of the amount of the obligation. Where appropriate, the future cash flow estimates are adjusted to reflect risks specific to the 
liability. 

If the effect of the time value of money is significant, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a 
pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money. Where discounting is used, the increase in the 
provision due to the passage of time is recognized within finance costs. 

A contingent liability is disclosed where the existence of an obligation will only be confirmed by future events or where the amount 
of the obligation cannot be measured reliably and outflow of cash is less than remote. Contingent assets are not recognized but are 
disclosed when an inflow of economic benefits is probable. 

Decommissioning liabilities 

Liabilities for site restoration on the retirement of assets are recognized when the Company has an obligation to restore the site, and 
when a reliable estimate of that liability can be made. An obligation may also crystallize during the period of operation of a facility 
through a change in legislation or through a decision to terminate operations. The amount recognized is the present value of the 
estimated future expenditure determined in accordance with local conditions and requirements. The present value is determined by 
discounting the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a risk-free discount rate. Actual expenditures 
incurred are charged against the accumulated liability. 

52 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

A  corresponding  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  of  an  amount  equivalent  to  the  provision  is  also  created.  The  amount 
capitalized in property, plant and equipment is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Increases in the decommissioning 
liabilities resulting from the passage of time are recognized as a finance cost in the consolidated statement of operations. Other than 
the unwinding of the discount on the provision, any change in the present value of the estimated expenditure is reflected as an 
adjustment to the provision and the corresponding item of property, plant and equipment. 

Environmental liabilities 

Environmental liabilities are recognized when remediation is probable and the associated costs can be reliably estimated. Generally, 
the timing of recognition of these provisions coincides with the completion of a feasibility study or a commitment to a formal plan of 
action. The amount recognized is the best estimate of the expenditure required. Where the liability will not be settled for a number 
of years, the amount recognized is the present value of the estimated future expenditure using a risk-free discount rate. 

m) Employee benefits 

Defined benefit pension plans  

The liability recognised in respect of defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the 
reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by independent actuaries using 
the projected unit credit method. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated 
future cash outflows using interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits 
will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related pension obligation. 

Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to equity 
in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise. 

Past-service costs or credits are recognised immediately in the consolidated statement of operations. 

Defined contribution pension plans 

The Company’s defined contribution plans are funded as specified in the plans and the pension expense is recorded as the benefits 
are earned by employees and funded by the Company.  

Share-based payments 

The Company’s equity incentive plan allows for the granting of stock options, restricted share units with time based vesting (RSUs) 
and performance share units (PSUs) with performance based vesting conditions and deferred share units (DSUs) that vest on the date 
such employee redeems the DSUs after their cessation of employment with the Company. 

The fair value of grants made under the employee share award plan is measured at the date of grant of the award. The resulting cost, 
as adjusted for the expected and actual level of vesting of the awards, is expensed over the period in which the awards vest.  

At each balance sheet date before vesting, the cumulative expense is calculated, representing the extent to which the vesting period 
has expired and management’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. 

The  movement  in  the  cumulative  expense  since  the  previous  balance  sheet  date  is  recognized  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
operations with a corresponding impact to contributed surplus. 

The fair value of RSUs, PSUs and DSUs is equal to the Company’s five day weighted average share price at the date of grant.  

The fair value of options is measured by using the Black-Scholes model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for 
use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable and it requires the input 
of  highly  subjective  assumptions.  Expected  volatility  of  the  stock  is  based  on  a  combination  of  the  historical  stock  price  of  the 
Company and also of comparable companies in the industry. The expected term of options represents the period of time that options 
granted are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free rate is based on the Government of Canada’s Canadian Bond Yields with a 
remaining term equal to the expected life of the options used in the Black-Scholes valuation model.  

53 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Termination benefits 

The  Company  recognizes  termination  benefits  as  an  expense  when  it  is  demonstrably  committed  to  either  terminating  the 
employment of current employees according to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal, or providing benefits as a 
result of an offer made to encourage voluntary termination. 

n)  Income taxes 

Income tax expense represents the sum of the income tax currently payable and deferred income tax. Interest and penalties relating 
to income tax are included in interest expense. 

The income tax currently payable is based on the taxable income for the period. Taxable income differs from net income as reported 
in the consolidated statement of operations because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other 
periods and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s liability for current income tax is calculated 
using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. 

Deferred income tax is provided for using the liability method of accounting. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined 
based  on  differences  between  the  financial  reporting  and  income  tax  basis  of  assets  and  liabilities.  These  differences  are  then 
measured using enacted or substantially enacted income tax rates and laws that will be in effect when these differences are expected 
to reverse. The effect of a change in income tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that 
the change occurs. Deferred income tax assets are recognized for tax loss carry-forwards to the extent that the realization of the 
related tax benefit through future taxable profits is probable.  

The Company maintains provisions for uncertain income tax positions using the best estimate of the amount expected to be paid in 
resolution of the uncertainty. To ensure the adequacy of these provisions, the Company reviews uncertain tax positions at the end 
of each reporting period to give effect to changes in facts and circumstances and the availability of new information. 

o)  Revenue recognition 

Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf 
of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it transfers control of a product or service to a customer, either at a point in 
time or over time. The Company does not have contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services 
to the customer and payments by the customer exceeds one year. As such, no adjustments are made to the transaction prices for 
the time value of money. 

Revenue  generated  through  the  provision  of  services  charged  through  long-term  fixed-fee  contracts  related  to  midstream 
infrastructure  assets  and  includes  a  fixed  and/or  take-or-pay  portion  for  the  use  of  the  midstream  infrastructure  and  a  variable 
portion related to the servicing of volume throughput. The Company accounts for individual services separately if they are distinct, 
indicated by the fact that they are separately identifiable from other services provided and the customer can benefit from these 
distinct services. The stand-alone prices on services are determined by the rates listed within the individual contracts related to the 
service. The Company recognizes revenue over time as services are provided on a monthly basis, consistent with when the services 
are  billed  and  paid.  Long-term  take-or-pay  contracts,  under  which  shippers  are  obligated  to  pay  fixed  amounts  evenly  over  the 
contract  period  regardless  of  volumes  shipped,  may  contain  breakage  rights.  Breakage  amounts  are  earned  by  shippers  when 
minimum volume commitments are not utilized during the period but under certain circumstances can be used to offset overages in 
future  periods,  subject  to  expiry  periods.  The  Company  recognizes  revenue  associated  with  breakage  at  the  earlier  of  when  the 
breakage volume is shipped, the rights expires or when it is determined that the likelihood that the shipper will utilize the right is 
remote. 

Revenue generated through the purchasing, selling, storing and blending of hydrocarbon products as well as by providing aggregation 
services to producers and/by capturing quality, locational or time-based arbitrage opportunities are typically short to long term in 
accordance with a customer’s current product demands which are generally grouped as spot sales where no commitment exists prior 
to the day of the transaction, term sales where a commitment exists over a period of time for negotiated sales, and evergreen sales 
where contracts are automatically renewed on a month to month basis. The Company accounts for individual product sales separately 
if they are distinct, indicated by the fact that they are separately identifiable from other enforceable rights and obligations and the 
customer can benefit from these distinct services. The stand-alone prices on product sales are determined by the rates listed within 
market indexes and benchmarks and usually include quality or transportation adjustments. The Company recognizes revenue at a 
point in time as products are delivered and control of the product has transferred to the customer, consistent with when the products 
are billed and paid. All payments received before delivery are recorded as a contract liability and are recognized as revenue when 
delivery occurs, assuming all other criteria are met. Revenue from buy/sell transactions which are monetary transactions containing 

54 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

commercial substance is recognized on a gross-basis as separate performance obligation. Revenue from buy/sell transactions of non-
monetary exchanges of similar products, which lack commercial substance, are recognized on a net basis. 

Revenue generated from the provision of transportation and related services such as hauling services for crude oil within the U.S. are 
typically short-term in accordance with a customer’s current hauling requirements. The Company accounts for individual hauling 
services separately if they are distinct, indicated by the fact that they are separately identifiable from other hauling services provided 
and the customer can benefit from these distinct services. The stand-alone prices on services are determined by the rates listed by 
the Company and are predetermined based on the volume of products serviced.  The  Company recognizes revenue  over time as 
hauling  and  transportation  services  are  provided  and  control  of  the service  transfers  to  the  customer,  consistent  with  when  the 
services are billed and paid.  

p)  Cost of sales 

Cost of sales includes the cost of finished goods inventory (including depreciation, amortization and impairment charges), processing 
costs, costs related to transportation, inventory write downs and reversals, and gains and losses on derivative financial instruments 
relating to commodities. 

q)  Borrowing costs 

General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which 
are assets that take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until 
such  time  as  the  assets  are  substantially  ready  for  their  intended  use  or  sale.  All  other  borrowing  costs  are  recognized  in  the 
consolidated statement of operations in the period in which they are incurred. 

r)  Per share amounts 

Basic per share amounts are calculated using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Diluted per share 
amounts  are  calculated  giving  effect  to  the  potential  dilution  that  would  occur  if  stock  options  and  other  equity  awards  were 
exercised or converted into common shares. 

s)  Segmental reporting 

The Company determines its reportable segments based on the nature of its operations, which is consistent with how the business 
is managed and results are reported to the chief operating decision maker. Each operating segment also uses a measure of profit and 
loss that represents segment profit. The chief operating decision maker, who is responsible for resource allocation and assessing 
performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the President and Chief Executive Officer.  

t)  Non-derivative financial instruments – recognition and measurement 

Financial assets 

Financial assets include cash and cash equivalents and trade and other receivables. The Company determines the classification of its 
financial assets at initial recognition. Financial assets are recognized initially at fair value, normally being the transaction price plus 
directly attributable transaction costs. 

Loans  and  receivables  are  non-derivative  financial  assets  with  fixed  or  determinable  payments  that  are  not  quoted  in  an  active 
market. Such assets are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method if the time value of money is significant. Gains 
and losses are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations when the loans and receivables are derecognized or impaired, 
as well as through the use of the effective interest method. This category of financial assets includes cash and cash equivalents and 
trade and other receivables. 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and short-term deposit, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to 
known amounts of cash which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and maturity of three months or less from the date 
of acquisition. 

55 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

A provision for impairment of trade receivables is established when there is objective evidence that the Company may not be able 
to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability 
that the debtor will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments (more than 30 days past 
the due date) are considered indicators that the trade receivable may be impaired. The amount of the provision is the difference 
between  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  and  the  present  value  of  estimated  future  cash  flows,  discounted  at  the  original  effective 
interest rate. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the use of an allowance account, and the amount of the loss is 
recognized  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations.  When  a  trade  receivable  is  uncollectible,  it  is  written  off  against  the 
allowance account for trade receivables. 

Financial liabilities 

Financial liabilities classified as other liabilities include trade payables and accrued charges, dividends payable, and long-term debt. 
The Company determines the classification of its financial liabilities at initial recognition. All financial liabilities are initially recognized 
at fair value. For interest-bearing loans and borrowings this is the fair value of the proceeds received net of issue costs associated 
with the borrowing. After  initial recognition, financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective 
interest method. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any issue costs, and any discount or premium on settlement. 
Gains and losses arising on the repurchase, settlement, modification or cancellation of liabilities are recognized in the consolidated 
statement of operations.  

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the balance sheet when there is a legally enforceable right 
to  offset  the  recognised  amounts  and  there  is  an  intention  to  settle  on  a  net  basis  or  realise  the  asset  and  settle  the  liability 
simultaneously. 

u)  Derivative financial instruments – recognition and measurement 

Derivative financial instruments, used periodically by the Company to manage exposure to market risks relating to commodity prices, 
share-based compensation and foreign currency, are not designated as hedges. They are recorded at fair value and recorded on the 
Company’s balance sheet as either an asset, when the fair value is positive, or a liability, when the fair value is negative. Changes in 
fair value are recorded immediately in the consolidated statement of operations. 

v)  Critical accounting estimates and judgements 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical  accounting  estimates.  It  also 
requires  management  to  exercise  its  judgement  in  the  process  of  applying  the  Company’s  accounting  policies.  Estimates  and 
judgements  are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other  factors,  including  expectations  of  future 
events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. 

i)  Critical accounting estimates and assumptions 

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and the reported amounts 
of  revenue  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period.  Actual  outcomes  could  differ  from  those  estimates.  The  estimates  and 
assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the 
next financial year are addressed below. 

Impairment assessment of non-financial assets  

The Company tests annually whether goodwill of an operating segment has suffered any impairment. The recoverable amounts of 
the operating segments are determined based on the higher of VIU and FVLCD calculations that require the use of estimates. The 
Company  also  assesses  whether  there  have  been  any  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  that  indicate  that  property,  plant  and 
equipment and other intangible assets may be impaired and an impairment review is carried out whenever such an assessment 
indicates that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.  

56 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

In the impairment analysis of the Company’s assets, some of the key assumptions used are budgeted earnings before interest, taxes, 
depreciation and amortization less corporate expenses (EBITDA) which involves estimating revenue growth rates, future commodity 
prices,  expected  margins,  expected  sales  volumes,  cost  structures,  multiples  of  comparable  public  companies  of  the  operating 
segment, terminal value and discount rates.  

These  assumptions  and  estimates  are  uncertain  and  are  subject  to  change  as  new  information  becomes  available.  Changes  in 
economic conditions can also affect the rate used to discount future cash flow estimates.  

Provisions 

Provisions for decommissioning and environmental remediation are recorded when it is considered probable and the costs can be 
reasonably estimated. The eventual costs are uncertain and cost estimates can vary in response to many factors including changes 
to relevant legal and constructive obligations, the application of new technologies, and the Company’s past experience in comparable 
decommissioning and environmental remediation activities. The Company uses third-party evaluators, where determined necessary, 
to obtain the estimates of the decommissioning and environmental provision.  

ii)  Critical judgements in applying the Company’s accounting policies 

Critical judgements in determining lease terms 

The Company uses hindsight in determining the lease term where a contract contains options to extend or terminate the lease. In 
determining the lease term, management considers all facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive to exercise an 
extension option, or not exercise a termination option. The assessment is reviewed upon a trigger by a significant event or a significant 
change in circumstances. 

Joint arrangements 

The determination of joint control requires judgment about the influence the Company has over the financial and operating decisions 
of an arrangement and the extent of the benefits it obtains based on the facts and circumstances of the arrangement during the 
reporting period. Joint control exists when decisions about the relevant activities require the unanimous consent of the parties that 
control the arrangement collectively. Ownership percentage alone may not be a determinant of joint control. Once joint control has 
been determined, the arrangement is classified as a joint venture or a joint operation, depending on the rights and obligations of the 
parties to the agreement.  

Investment in finance leases 

In determining whether certain of the Company’s long-term tank storage arrangements are, or contain, a lease, the Company must 
use judgement in assessing whether if the arrangement conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time 
in  exchange  for  consideration.  Where  such  rights  do  not  exist,  the  arrangement  is  considered  a  service  contract.  For  those 
arrangements considered to be a lease, further judgement is required to determine whether if substantially all of the significant risks 
and  rewards  of  ownership  are  transferred  to  the  customer  or  remain  with  the  Company,  to  appropriately  account  for  the 
arrangement as a finance or operating lease. These judgements can be significant as to how the Company classifies amounts related 
to the arrangements as property, plant and equipment or net investment in finance lease on the balance sheet. The Company has 
determined, based on the terms and conditions of these arrangements, that the substantial risks and rewards to the ownership of 
certain  storage  tanks  have  been  transferred  to  the  customer,  and  accordingly,  these  storage  tanks  have  been  recognized  as  an 
investment in finance lease. 

57 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Current and deferred taxation 

The computation of the Company’s income tax expense involves the interpretation of applicable tax laws and regulations in many 
jurisdictions. The resolution of tax positions taken by the Company can take significant time to complete and in some cases it is 
difficult to predict the ultimate outcome. In addition, the Company has carry-forward tax losses in certain taxing jurisdictions that 
are available to offset against future taxable profit. This involves an assessment of when those deferred tax assets are likely to be 
realized, and a judgment as to whether or not there will be sufficient taxable profits available to offset the tax assets when they do 
reverse. This requires assumptions regarding future profitability and is therefore inherently uncertain. To the extent assumptions 
regarding future profitability change, there can be an increase or decrease in the amounts recognized in respect of deferred tax 
assets  as  well  as  in  the  amounts  recognized  in  consolidated  statement  of  operations  in  the  period  in  which  the  change  occurs. 
Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the 
unused tax losses can be utilized. To the extent that actual outcomes differ from management’s estimates, income tax charges or 
credits may arise in future periods. 

Impact of the coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic 

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve and despite the governmental responses to control and restrict the spread, it continued 
to  result  in  disruptions  of  business  operations  and  an  increase  in  economic  uncertainty  worldwide.  As  a  result,  there  remains 
significant uncertainty as to the extent and duration of the global economic slowdown. This uncertainty has created volatility in asset 
prices, currency exchange rates and a marked decline in long-term interest rates. Management applied judgment and will continue 
to  assess  the  situation  in  determining  the  impact  of  the  significant  uncertainties  created  by  these  events  and  conditions  on  the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements. 

Note 4  Changes in Accounting Policies and Disclosures 

a)  New and amended standards adopted by the Company: 

During the year ended December 31, 2021, there were no new or amended IFRS standards adopted by the Company. The accounting 
policies applied herein are consistent with those disclosed in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 
2020. 

b)  New and amended standards and interpretations issued but not yet adopted: 

The  Company  has  assessed  the  impact  of  the  following  amendments  to  the  standards  and  interpretations  applicable  for  future 
periods and do not expect these to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements at the adoption date: 

o 

o 

o 

o 

IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements (“IAS 1”), has been amended to clarify how to classify debt and other liabilities 
as either current or non-current. The amendment to IAS 1 is effective for the years beginning on or after January 1, 2023; 

The annual improvements process addresses issues in the 2018-2020 reporting cycles including changes to IFRS 9, Financial 
Instruments, IFRS 1, First Time Adoption of IFRS, IFRS 16, Leases, and IAS 41, Biological Assets. These improvements are 
effective for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022; 

IAS 37 – Provisions (“IAS 37”), has been amended to clarify (i) the meaning of “costs to fulfil a contract”, and (ii) that, before 
a separate provision for an onerous contract is established, an entity recognizes any impairment loss that has occurred on 
assets used in fulfilling the contract, rather than on assets dedicated to that contract. These amendments are effective for 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022; and 

IAS 16 – Property, Plant and Equipment (“IAS 16”), has been amended to (i) prohibit an entity from deducting from the cost 
of an item of PP&E any proceeds received from selling items produced while the entity is preparing the asset for its intended 
use (for example, the proceeds from selling samples produced when testing a machine to see if it is functioning properly), 
(ii) clarify that an entity is “testing whether the asset is functioning properly” when it assesses the technical and physical 
performance  of  the  asset,  and  (iii)  require  certain  related  disclosures.  These  improvements  are  effective  for  periods 
beginning on or after January 1, 2022. 

58 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The Company continues to assess the impact of the following amendment: 
o 

IAS 12 – Income Taxes (“IAS 12”), has been amended to recognise deferred tax on particular transactions that, on initial 
recognition, give rise to equal amounts of taxable and deductible temporary differences. These amendments are effective 
for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023. 

Note 5 Trade and Other Receivables 

Trade receivables  
Allowance for doubtful accounts  
Trade receivables, net  
Risk management assets 
Indirect taxes receivable  
Other  

Allowance for doubtful accounts 

Opening balance  
Additional allowances and adjustments 
Receivables written off as uncollectible  
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates  

Closing balance 

Note 

24 

December 31, 

2021 

648,729 
(262) 
648,467 
4,476 
14,008 
637 

2020 

320,779 
(566) 
320,213 
3,279 
7,896 
2,253 

667,588 

333,641 

Year ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

(566) 
186 
120 
(2) 

(262) 

(131) 
(2,064) 
1,628 
1 

(566) 

59 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 6  Inventories 

Crude oil and diluent  
Asphalt 
Natural gas liquids 
Wellsite fluids and distillate 

December 31,  

2021 

2020 

188,265 
48,518 
6,246 
 12,102 

115,809 
20,852 
14,479 
11,973 

 255,131 

163,113 

The cost of the inventory sold included in cost of sales was $6,639 million and $4,380 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 
and 2020, respectively. 

Within the marketing segment, the Company recorded a gross inventory write-down to its net realizable value of $22.1 million and 
$28.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. These were recognized as an expense and included 
in cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations. 

Note 7 Net Investment in Finance Leases 

The  following  summarizes  the  Company’s  net  investment  in  arrangements  whereby  the  Company  has  entered  into  fixed  term 
contractual arrangements to allow customers to have dedicated use of certain infrastructure assets owned by the Company. These 
arrangements are accounted for as finance leases: 

Total minimum lease payments receivable  
Residual value  
Unearned income 

Less: current portion 

December 31, 
2021 

2020 

499,939 
68,464 
(395,833) 

172,570 
8,883 

545,311 
68,464 
(432,855) 

180,920 
8,454 

Net investment in finance lease: non-current portion 

163,687 

172,466 

The minimum lease receivables are expected to be as follows: 

2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 and later 

43,810 
34,940 
33,035 
33,301 
33,575 
321,278 

60 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 8 Property, Plant and Equipment 

Land and
Buildings

Note 

Pipelines
and
Connections

Cost: 
At January 1, 2021 
Additions and adjustments 
Disposals 
Reclassifications 
Change in decommissioning provision 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 

16 

123,661
5,155
(14)
5,560
-
(27)

482,350
13,662
-
2,009
(3,092)
(684)

Plant,
Equipment
and Other

922,220
31,596
(26,663)
23,613
(38,057)
(759)

Tanks

823,871
12,113
(334)
2,151
(14,271)
(96)

Work in
Progress

80,021
89,892
-
(33,333)
-
(181)

Total

2,432,123
152,418
(27,011)
-
(55,420)
(1,747)

At December 31, 2021 

134,335

494,245

823,434

911,950

136,399

2,500,363

Accumulated depreciation and 

impairment: 
At January 1, 2021 
Depreciation and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 

27,727
7,472
(1)
2

128,640
23,096
-
11

185,961
33,829
(239)
(11)

426,146
80,507
(24,951)
(462)

At December 31, 2021 

35,200

151,747

219,540

481,240

-
-
-
-

-

768,474
144,904
(25,191)
(460)

887,727

Carrying amounts: 

At January 1, 2021 
At December 31, 2021 

95,934
99,135

353,710
342,498

637,910
603,894

496,074
430,710

80,021
136,399

1,663,649
1,612,636

Note 

Land and Pipelines and
Connections
Buildings

Equipment
and Other

Tanks

Work in
Progress

Total

Cost: 
At January 1, 2020 
Additions and adjustments 
Disposals 
Reclassifications 
Change in decommissioning provision  16 
Effect of movements in exchange 
Transfer from (to) held for sale and 

disposals, net 

125,414
1,748
-
2,685
-
          (122)

413,590
48,770
-
15,854
6,278
       (2,142)

727,660
51,388
          (257)
20,384
20,109
          (510)

783,088
       51,847 
        (5,083)
       37,254 
       10,182 
        (1,311)

110,343
      47,530 
-
    (76,177)
-
      (1,675)

2,160,095
     201,283 
        (5,340)
-
       36,569 
        (5,760)

       (6,064)

 -

        5,097 

       46,243 

-

       45,276 

At December 31, 2020 

123,661

482,350

823,871

922,220

80,021

2,432,123

61 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Pipelines 
Land and 
and 
Buildings  Connections 

Plant, 
  Equipment 
and Other 

Tanks 

Work in 
Progress 

Total 

Accumulated depreciation and 
impairment: 
At January 1, 2020 
Depreciation and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Transferred from (to) held for sale and 

disposals, net 

22,923       

    106,125  
5,061                22,674  
                -   
          (159) 

                -   
                -   

154,506    

    317,779  
29,936             66,386  
       (4,581) 
          (566) 

(13)             

(131)          

                -   
                -   
                -   
                -   

   601,333  
   124,057  
      (4,712) 
          (738) 

(257) 

                -   

         1,663  

47,128  

                -   

48,534  

At December 31, 2020 

       27,727  

    128,640  

185,961    

    426,146  

                -   

   768,474  

Carrying amounts: 
At January 1, 2020 
At December 31, 2020 

  102,491  
    95,934  

    307,465  
    353,710  

573,154 
637,910 

    465,309  
    496,074  

110,343 
80,021 

1,558,762  
1,663,649 

Additions to property, plant and equipment include the capitalization of interest of $1.4 million and $2.9 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Amounts in relation to infrastructure assets are under operating lease arrangements. 

During  the  second  quarter  of  2021,  the  Company  indefinitely  suspended  certain  non-performing  assets  within  its  infrastructure 
segment, resulting in the recording of an impairment charge of $11.5 million that was included within cost of sales in the consolidated 
statements of operations.  

Note 9  Right-of-use Assets 

Cost: 
At January 1, 2021 
Additions and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 

Buildings 

Rail Cars 

Surface Leases 
and Other 

49,500 
594 
(5,326) 
(19) 

110,835 
10,446 
(20,471) 
- 

12,764 
3,008 
(9,770) 
57 

Total 

173,099 
14,048 
(35,567) 
38 

At December 31, 2021 

44,749 

100,810 

6,059 

151,618 

Accumulated depreciation and 

impairment: 
At January 1, 2021 
Depreciation and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 

At December 31, 2021 

Carrying amounts: 
At January 1, 2021 
At December 31, 2021 

20,352 
5,298 
(5,327) 
(1) 

20,322 

73,402 
21,810 
(20,471) 
- 

10,150 
3,554 
(9,770) 
39 

103,904 
30,662 
(35,568) 
38 

74,741 

3,973 

99,036 

29,148 
24,427 

37,433 
26,069 

2,614 
2,086 

69,195 
52,582 

62 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
           
      
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Buildings 

Rail Cars 

Surface Leases 
and Other 

Cost: 
At January 1, 2020 
Additions and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Transferred from held for sale and disposals 

54,553 
(1,141) 
(3,869) 
(43) 
- 

110,249 
15,452 
(14,866) 
- 
- 

At December 31, 2020 

49,500 

110,835 

Accumulated depreciation and 

impairment: 
At January 1, 2020 
Depreciation and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Transferred from held for sale and disposals 

At December 31, 2020 

Carrying amounts: 
At January 1, 2020 
At December 31, 2020 

Note 10 Investment in Equity Accounted Investees 

15,009 
5,818 
(430) 
(45) 
- 

20,352 

39,544 
29,148 

60,808 
27,460 
(14,866) 
- 
- 

Total 

176,773 
14,949 
(18,806) 
(147) 
330 

173,099 

81,288 
38,003 
(15,327) 
(266) 
206 

11,971 
638 
(71) 
(104) 
330 

12,764 

5,471 
4,725 
(31) 
(221) 
206 

73,402 

10,150 

103,904 

49,441 
37,433 

6,500 
2,614 

95,485 
69,195 

Ownership % 

Hardisty Energy Terminal Limited Partnership 

Zenith Energy Terminals Joliet Holdings LLC 

50% 

36% 

Share of profit (loss), 
for the period ended 
December 31, 

Investment in equity 
accounted investees at 
December 31, 

2021 

5,475 

 608 

 6,083 

2020 
- 

 2,670 

2,670 

2021 

2020 

151,378 

120,705  

21,337 

21,851  

172,715 

142,556  

During 2020, the Company acquired a 50% interest in the Hardisty Energy Terminal Limited Partnership (“HET”) for the purpose of 
constructing  and  operating  a  Diluent  Recovery  Unit  (“DRU”)  adjacent  to  the  Company’s  Hardisty  Terminal.  The  project  began 
operations during the third quarter of 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company contributed $29.2 million (year 
ended December 31, 2020 - $120.7 million) to fund the construction and commissioning of the facility. With the commencement of 
operations, the Company’s share of equity pick up is included within cost of sales on the consolidated statement of operations. For 
segment reporting purposes, the Company’s share of equity pick up is included within the Infrastructure segment profit. 

During 2019, the Company acquired a 36% interest in Zenith Energy Terminals Holding LLC (“Zenith”). Zenith owns and operates a 
crude-by-rail and storage terminal and a pipeline connection to a common carrier crude oil pipeline in Joliet, Illinois. For segment 
reporting purposes, the Company’s share of equity pick up is included within the Infrastructure segment profit. 

63 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The majority of assets presented below primarily comprise of cash, property, plant and equipment and trade payables. 

Noted below is summarized financial information (presented at 100 percent): 

Net income and comprehensive income 

Revenue  
Cost of sales 
General and administrative 
Depreciation and amortization 
Other income 
Net income and comprehensive income 

Net income and comprehensive income attributable to the Company 

Balance sheet 

Current assets  
Non-current assets  
Current liabilities 
Non-current liabilities 

Note 11 Intangible Assets 

Period ended December 31, 

2021 

31,430 
6,485 
7,594 
8,600 
(3,903) 
12,654 

6,083 

December 31, 
2021 

32,710 
346,850 
26,189 
22,986 

2020 

14,280 
6,898 
1,743 
3,015 
(4,781) 
7,405 

2,670 

2020 

68,379 
263,061 
48,959 
12,020 

Brands

Customer
relationships

Long-term 
customer Non-compete
contracts

Technology, 
Software
agreements and License

Total 

Cost: 
At January 1, 2021 
Additions and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange 
rates 

22,700
-
-

57,996
-
-

59,774
-
-

-

(145)

(428)

At December 31, 2021 

22,700

57,851

59,346

Accumulated amortization and 
impairment: 

At January 1, 2021 
Amortization and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange 
rates 

At December 31, 2021 
Carrying amounts: 
At January 1, 2021 
At December 31, 2021 

22,700
-
-

-

22,700

-
-

57,996
-
-

(145)

57,851

44,952
1,882
-

(296)

46,538

7,559
-
-

(53)

7,506

7,559
-
-

(53)

7,506

74,902
7,441
(27,588)

222,931 
7,441 
(27,588) 

84

(542) 

54,839

202,242 

53,943
6,788
(27,520)

187,150 
8,670 
(27,520) 

81

(413) 

33,292

167,887 

-
-

14,822
12,808

-
-

20,959
21,547

35,781 
34,355 

64 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Brands

Customer
relationships

Long-term 
customer Non-compete
contracts

Technology, 
Software
agreements and License

Cost: 
At January 1, 2020 
Additions and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange 

rates 

Transferred from held for sale and 

disposals, net 

At December 31, 2020 

Accumulated amortization and 
impairment: 

At January 1, 2020 
Amortization and adjustments 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in exchange 

rates 

Transferred from held for sale and 

disposals, net 

At December 31, 2020 
Carrying amounts: 
At January 1, 2020 
At December 31, 2020 

Note 12 Goodwill 

22,700
-
-

-

-

22,700

22,700
-
-

-

-

22,700

-
-

52,445
-
-

25,445
-
-

(309)

(908)

5,860

57,996

35,237

59,774

52,445
-
-

(309)

5,860

57,996

8,434
2,012
-

(731)

35,237

44,952

2,230
-
-

(113)

5,442

7,559

2,230
-
-

(113)

5,442

7,559

Total 

174,183 
3,396 
(493) 

(1,348) 

47,193 

71,363
3,396
(493)

(18)

654

74,902

222,931 

54,777
(919)
(493)

(21)

599

140,586 
1,093 
(493) 

(1,174) 

47,138 

53,943

187,150 

-
-

17,011
14,822

-
-

16,586
20,959

33,597 
35,781 

Goodwill  is  monitored  for  impairment  by  management  at  the  operating  segment  level.  The  following  is  a  summary  of  goodwill 
allocated to each operating segment: 

Terminals 
U.S. Pipelines 
Moose Jaw Facility 
Marketing Canada 

December 31, 

2021 

2020 

195,662 
31,641 
89,017 
43,555 

359,875 

195,662 
31,888 
89,017 
43,555 

360,122 

The goodwill recorded on the balance sheet represents the excess of the cost of acquisitions over the fair value of identifiable assets, 
liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired. Of the balance as at December 31, 2021, $325.6 million, net of impairment, relates to 
goodwill recognized on the acquisition of the Company on December 12, 2008. 

On November 30, 2021, the Company carried out its annual impairment test with respect to goodwill. For all operating segments the 
recoverable amount was greater than the carrying value, including goodwill.  

65 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Key assumptions used in 2021 impairment test  

The recoverable amount of the operating segments were based on fair value less cost of disposal method using either a discounted 
cash flow approach or an earnings multiple approach. The Company references approved budgets and cash flow forecasts, trailing 
twelve-month  EBITDA,  implied  multiples  and  appropriate  discount  rates  in  the  valuation  calculations.  The  implied  multiple  is 
calculated by utilizing multiples of comparable public companies by operating segment. To determine fair value, historic and implied 
forward market multiples were applied to each operating segment’s budgeted EBITDA less corporate expenses. In calculating fair 
value for each operating segment, other than U.S. Pipelines, the Company used implied forward market multiples that ranged from 
6 to 12. Cash flows were projected based on past experience, actual operating results and the 2022 budget.  

The recoverable amount of the U.S. Pipelines segment was determined by discounting the forecasted future cash flows generated 
from continued use of the operating segments due to absence of sufficient historical results. The model calculated the present value 
of the estimated future earnings of the above stated operating segments. Estimating future earnings requires judgement, considering 
past  and  actual  performance  as  well  as  expected  developments  in  the  respective  markets  and  in  the  overall  macro-economic 
environment. The calculation of the recoverable amount using the discounted cash flow approach was based on the following key 
assumptions:   

   Discount rate  
   Terminal value multiple 

  U.S. Pipelines 

10.5% 
7x 

(i)  Cash flows were projected based on past experience, actual operating results and the long-term business plan.  
(ii)  The terminal value multiple is based on management's best estimate of transaction multiples over the longer term.   
(iii)  The discount rate reflects the individual size, risk profile and circumstance and is based on past experience and industry average 

weighted average cost of capital. 

The fair value of each operating segment was categorized as Level 3 fair value based on the unobservable inputs. 

Note 13 Long-Term Debt 

Unsecured revolving credit facility  
Senior unsecured notes  
Senior unsecured notes  
Senior unsecured notes  
Unsecured hybrid notes  
Unamortized issue discount and debt issue costs 

Total debt 

Unsecured revolving credit facility 

Coupon 
Rate 

floating 
2.45% 
2.85% 
3.60% 
5.25% 

Year of 
Maturity 

December 31, 
December 31, 
2021 

2026 
2025 
2027 
2029 
2080 

270,000 
325,000 
325,000 
500,000 
250,000 
(9,391) 

2020 

60,000 
325,000 
325,000 
500,000 
250,000 
(10,519) 

1,660,609 

1,449,481 

The revolving credit facility of $750.0 million is available to provide financing for working capital, fund capital expenditures and other 
general corporate purposes. The revolving credit facility permits letters of credit, swingline loans and borrowings in Canadian dollars 
and U.S. dollars. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility bear interest at a rate equal to Canadian Prime Rate or U.S. Base Rate 
or  U.S.  LIBOR  or  Canadian  Bankers  Acceptance  Rate,  as  the  case  may  be,  plus  an  applicable  margin.  The  applicable  margin  for 
borrowings under the revolving credit facility is subject to step up and step down based on the Company’s credit rating and relative 
performance to selected environmental, social and governance targets. The Company must pay standby fees on the unused portion 
of the revolving credit facility and customary letter of credit fees equal to the applicable margins determined in a manner similar to 
the interest. 

66 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

During the second quarter of 2021, the Company extended the maturity date of the revolving credit facility from February 2025 to 
April 2026 and amongst other amendments, adjusted its pricing mechanism to include sustainability linked terms.  

As at December 31, 2021, the Company had the ability to utilize borrowings under the revolving credit facility of $480.0 million. In 
addition, the Company has two bilateral demand facilities, which are available for use for general corporate purposes or letters of 
credit, totaling $150.0 million under which it had issued letters of credit totaling $35.0 million (December 31, 2020 – $34.7 million).   

Senior unsecured notes  

The senior unsecured notes carrying a fixed 2.45% per annum coupon rate have semi-annual interest payment dates of January and 
July 14 and a maturity date of July 14, 2025.  

The senior unsecured notes carrying a fixed 2.85% per annum coupon rate have semi-annual interest payment dates of January and 
July 14 and a maturity date of July 14, 2027. 

The senior unsecured notes carrying a fixed 3.60% per annum coupon rate have semi-annual interest payment dates of March and 
September 17 and a maturity date of September 17, 2029. 

The  indenture(s)  governing  the  terms  of  the  Company’s  senior  unsecured  notes,  as  supplemented,  contains  certain  redemption 
options whereby the Company can redeem all or part of the senior unsecured notes at such prices and on such dates as set forth 
therein. In addition, the holders of the notes have the right to require the Company to repurchase the notes at the purchase prices 
set  forth  in  the  applicable  indenture  in  the  event  of  a  change  of  control  triggering  event,  being  both  a  change  in  control  of  the 
Company or a ratings decline of the applicable notes to below an investment grade rating, as such terms are defined in the applicable 
indenture. 

Unsecured hybrid notes 

The unsecured hybrid notes currently carrying a 5.25% per annum coupon rate have a maturity date of December 22, 2080. Interest 
is  payable  semi-annually  on  June  22  and  December  22  of  each  year  the  notes  are  outstanding  from  December  22,  2020  to,  but 
excluding,  December  22,  2030.  From,  and  including,  December  22,  2030,  during  each  Interest  Reset  Period  (as  defined  in  the 
applicable indenture) during which the notes are outstanding, the interest rate on the 2080 Hybrid Notes will be reset at a fixed rate 
per annum equal to the 5-Year Government of Canada Yield on the business day prior to such Interest Reset Date (as defined in the 
applicable  indenture)  plus,  (i)  for  the  period  from,  and  including,  December  22,  2030  to,  but  not  including,  December  22,  2050, 
4.715% and (ii) for the period from, and including, December 22, 2050 to, but not including, the maturity date, 5.465% in each case, 
to be reset by the Calculation Agent (as defined in the applicable indenture) on each Interest Reset Date and with the interest during 
such period payable in arrears, in equal semi-annual payments on June 22 and December 22 in each year.  

The indenture governing the terms of the unsecured hybrid notes, as supplemented, contains certain redemption options whereby 
the Company can redeem all or part of the unsecured hybrid notes at such prices and on such dates as set forth therein. In addition, 
the holders of the unsecured hybrid notes have the right to require the Company to repurchase the unsecured hybrid notes at the 
purchase prices set forth in the applicable indenture in the event of a change in control triggering event, being both a change of 
control of the Company or a ratings decline of the applicable notes to below an investment grade rating, as such terms are defined 
in the applicable indenture. 

The unsecured hybrid notes receive a 50% equity treatment by the Company’s rating agencies, under certain conditions. 

Covenants 

The Company is required to meet certain specific and customary affirmative and negative financial covenants under various debt 
agreements. As at December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all of its covenants. 

67 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The components of finance costs are as follows: 

Interest expense  
Capitalized interest 
Interest expense, finance lease 
Interest expense/(income) 
Accelerated amortization of debt issuance costs 

Note 

8 
14 

Reconciliation of cash flows arising from financing activities (long-term debt) 

Opening balance  
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net  
Repayments 
Net cash provided by financing activities from financing activities 
Deferred financing costs and other 
Redemption of convertible debentures into common shares 
Debt extinguishment costs 

Closing balance 

Note 14 Lease Liabilities 

Opening balance  
Additions 
Disposals 
Interest expense 
Lease payments 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Closing balance 

Less: current portion 

Closing balance – non-current portion 

Year ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

58,838 
(1,432) 
3,656 
282 
- 

62,579 
(2,885) 
5,110 
(217) 
31,833 

61,344 

96,420 

Year ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

1,449,481 
209,672 
- 
1,659,153 
1,456 
- 
- 

1,243,836 
892,972 
(719,989) 
1,416,819 
4,344 
(3,515) 
31,833 

1,660,609 

1,449,481 

December 31, 

2021 

102,742 
12,514 
(19) 
3,656 
(36,694) 
(420) 
81,779 

29,748 

52,031 

2020 

131,808 
14,974 
(3,547) 
5,110 
(44,967) 
(636) 
102,742 

31,208 

71,534 

The Company incurs lease payments related to rail cars, head office facilities, vehicles, equipment, and surface leases. Leases are 
entered  into  and  exited  in  coordination  with  specific  business  requirements  which  includes  the  assessment  of  the  appropriate 
durations for the related leased assets. The Company has recognised lease liabilities in relation to lease arrangements measured at 
the present value of the remaining lease payments as at December 31, 2021 at a weighted average borrowing rate of 4.4% (December 
31, 2020 – 4.6%). 

68 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 15 Trade Payables and Accrued charges 

Trade payables and accrued charges comprise of the following items: 

Trade payables  
Accrued compensation charges 
Indirect taxes payable 
Risk management liabilities 
Interest payable 
Insurance payable 
Other 

Note 16 Provisions 

Note 

24 

December 31, 
2021 

630,329 
17,506 
1,652 
11,711 
13,903 
2,516 
6,091 

2020 

339,293 
21,981 
1,010 
10,154 
13,900 
3,359 
14,022 

683,708 

403,719 

The aggregate carrying amounts of the obligation associated with decommissioning and site restoration on the retirement of assets 
and environmental costs are as follows: 

Opening balance  
Settlements 
Additions 
Disposals 
Change in estimated future cash flows 
Change in discount rate 
Unwind of discount 
Transfer from liabilities held for sale 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 

Closing balance 

Note 

8 
8 

December 31, 
2021 

236,952 
(4,135) 
4,979 
(139) 
(34,478) 
(26,118) 
3,284 
- 
(75) 

2020 

197,002 
(6,270) 
17,881 
(275) 
- 
22,079 
2,708 
4,222 
(395) 

180,270 

236,952 

The Company currently estimates the total undiscounted future value amount, including an inflation factor of 2% of estimated cash 
flows to settle the future liability for asset retirement and remediation obligations to  be approximately $295  million and $322.0 
million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. In order to determine the current provision related to these future values, the 
estimated  future  values  were  discounted  using  an  average  risk-free  rate  of  1.7%  and  1.2%  at  December  31,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively. The change in the risk-free rate results in an adjustment in cost to the corresponding asset. Changes in the estimated 
future cash flows above represent revisions made during the year ended December 31, 2021 as a result of the Company’s review of 
the  amount  of  future  cash  flows  to  settle  decommissioning  obligations  for  select  assets.  The  undiscounted  cash  flows  at  the 
decommissioning are calculated using an estimated timing of economic outflows ranging up to 43 years with the majority estimated 
at 29 years. 

A one percent increase or decrease in the risk-free rate would decrease or increase the provision by $40 million (December 31, 2020 
– $51.5 million), respectively, with a corresponding adjustment to property, plant and equipment.  

69 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 17 Share Capital  

a)  Authorized 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares and preferred shares. 

Holders  of  common  shares  are  entitled  to  one  vote  per  common  share  at  meetings  of  shareholders  of  the  Company,  to  receive 
dividends if, as and when declared by the Board and to receive pro rata the remaining property and assets of the Company upon its 
dissolution, liquidation or winding-up, subject to the rights of shares having priority over the common shares. 

The preferred shares are issuable in series and have such rights, restrictions, conditions and limitations as the Board may from time 
to  time  determine.  The  preferred  shares  shall  rank  senior  to  the  common  shares  with  respect  to  the  payment  of  dividends  or 
distribution of assets or return of capital of the Company in the event of a dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Company. 
There were no issued and outstanding preferred shares as at December 31, 2021 or 2020. The unsecured hybrid notes include terms 
which could result in conversion into conversion preference shares.  

b)  Common Shares – Issued and Outstanding 

The following table below sets forth the issued and outstanding common shares for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. 

At January 1, 2020  

Issuance in connection with the exercise of stock options 
Exercise of debentures conversion option 
Tax effect of equity settled awards 
Reclassification of contributed surplus on issuance of awards under equity incentive plans 
Purchase of common shares under Normal Course Issuer Bid (“NCIB”) 

At December 31, 2020  

Number of 
Shares 

Amount 

145,675,481 

1,973,827 

44,535 
162,350 
- 
555,635 
(866,546) 

927 
3,515 
117 
10,448 
(11,730) 

145,571,455 

1,977,104 

Issuance in connection with the exercise of stock options 
Tax effect of equity settled awards 
Reclassification of contributed surplus on issuance of awards under equity incentive plans 

107,405 
- 
948,222 

2,147 
1,172 
16,832 

At December 31, 2021 

146,627,082 

1,997,255 

A dividend of $0.35 per share, declared on November 2, 2021, was paid on January 14, 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2021, 
the Company declared total dividends of $1.40 per common share.  

Under the NCIB, the Company is permitted to purchase for cancellation up to 10% or 11,715,229 of the public float for the issued and 
outstanding common shares in accordance with the applicable rules and policies of the TSX and securities laws. During the year ended 
December 31, 2021, the Company extended its NCIB from August 31, 2021 to August 31, 2022. The Company did not repurchase any 
common shares during the year ended December 31, 2021. 

70 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

c)  Per Share Amounts 

The following table shows the number of shares used in the calculation of earnings per share: 

Weighted average common shares outstanding – Basic 
Dilutive effect of stock options and other awards 

Weighted average common shares – Diluted 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

146,344,843 
2,780,715 

146,120,871 
2,616,653 

149,125,558 

148,737,524 

The dilutive effect of 2.8 million (December 31, 2020 – 2.6 million) stock options and other awards for the year ended December 31, 
2021 have been included in the determination of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. The impact of 0.1 
million  (December  31,  2020  –  0.6  million)  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021,  stock  options  have  not  been  included  in  the 
determination of weighted average number of common shares outstanding as the inclusion would be anti-dilutive to the net income 
per share.  

Note 18 Income Taxes  

The major components of income tax are as follows: 

Current tax expense  
Adjustments and true ups in respect of prior years 

Total current tax provision 

Deferred tax expense (recovery) 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 

Total deferred tax expense 

Net income tax expense 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

27,548 
(2,502) 

32,788 
(12,509) 

25,046 

20,279 

8,472 
2,666 

11,138 

(626) 
9,716 

9,090 

36,184 

29,369 

The income tax expense differs from the amounts which would be obtained by applying the Canadian statutory income tax rate to 
income before income taxes. These differences result from the following items: 

Income before income tax  

Statutory income tax rate 

Computed Income tax expense 
Changes in income tax expense (recovery) resulting from: 
     Statutory and other rate differences 
     Adjustments and true ups in prior years 
     Others 

Net income tax expense 

Effective income tax rate 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

181,237 

150,678 

23.45% 

24.38% 

42,500 

(4,996) 
(1,282) 
(38) 

36,184 

36,735 

(4,678) 
(2,757) 
69 

29,369 

19.97% 

19.49% 

71 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

 The analysis of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities is as follows: 

Deferred tax assets: 
Deferred tax assets to be settled after more than 12 months 
Deferred tax assets to be settled within 12 months 

Deferred tax liabilities: 
Deferred tax liabilities to be settled after more than 12 months 
Deferred tax liabilities to be settled within 12 months 

Deferred tax liabilities, net 

The gross movement on the deferred income tax account is as follows: 

Opening balance: 
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates 
Income statement expense 
Tax relating to components of other comprehensive income 

Closing balance 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

24,300 
3,106 

27,406 

92,996 
1,159 

94,155 

66,749 

32,418 
4,402 

36,820 

90,414 
1,184 

91,598 

54,778 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

54,778 
202 
11,138 
631 

66,749 

2020 

45,540 
470 
9,090 
(322) 

54,778 

The  movement  in  the  significant  components  of  deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  during  the  year,  without  taking  into 
consideration the offsetting balances within the same tax jurisdiction, is as follows: 

Deferred tax assets 

At January 1, 2020  
(Charged) credited to the statement of operations 
Charged to other comprehensive income 
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates 

At December 31, 2020 

Charged to the statement of operations 
Charged to other comprehensive income 
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates 

Non-capital losses 
carried forward 

Asset 
retirement 
obligations 

Goodwill, 
Intangibles, 
and other  

36,918 
(401) 
- 
(1,661) 

22,403 
2,440 
- 
(82) 

34,856 

24,761 

(3,366) 
- 
293 

(5,238) 
- 
20 

22,880 
4,061 
322 
549 

27,812 

(8,577) 
(631) 
(371) 

Total 

82,201 
6,100 
322 
(1,194) 

87,429 

(17,181) 
(631) 
(58) 

At December 31, 2021 

31,783 

19,543 

18,233 

69,559 

72 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Deferred tax liabilities 

At January 1, 2020  
Credited to the statement of operations 
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates 

At December 31, 2020 

Investments 
in Equity 
Accounted 
Investees 

- 

- 
- 

- 

Property, Plant 
and Equipment 
and other 

(127,742) 
(15,190) 
725 

Total 

(127,742) 
(15,190) 
725 

(142,207) 

(142,207) 

(Credited) charged to the statement of operations 
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates 

(4,407) 
- 

10,450 
(144) 

6,043 
(144) 

At December 31, 2021 

(4,407) 

(131,901) 

(136,308) 

Income tax losses carry forward 

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had losses available to offset income for tax purposes of $140.0 million and $147.1 
million, respectively. Certain losses arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2018 may be carried forward indefinitely 
with the net operating loss deduction limited to 80% of taxable income which is determined without regard to the deduction. At 
December 31, 2021, the Company has $140.0 million of the losses available in the U.S. that expire as follows: 

December 31, 2032 
December 31, 2035 
December 31, 2036 
December 31, 2037 
December 31, 2039 and beyond 

1,856 
18,904 
59,887 
12,478 
46,827 

139,952 

No income tax liability has been recognized in respect of temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, except 
for assets held for sale and investments in equity accounted investees, as the Company can control the timing of the reversal of the 
temporary difference and the reversal is not probable in the foreseeable future. At December 31, 2021, the Company recognized a 
deferred tax liability of $4.4 million for its investment in HET. 

Note 19 Revenue 

Revenue from contracts with customers recognized at a point in time 
Revenue from contracts with customers recognized over time 

Total revenue from contracts with customers 
Total revenue from lease arrangements 

Year ended December 31, 
2020 

2021 

6,897,328 
131,908 

7,029,236 
181,912 

4,634,398 
130,888 

4,765,286 
172,780 

7,211,148 

4,938,066 

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized $45.4 million of revenue which were included in the contract 
liability balance at the beginning of the period (2020 – $66.1 million). 

73 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Year ended December 31, 2021 

Infrastructure 

Marketing 

Total 

Canada 
External Service Revenue 

Terminals storage and throughput / pipeline transportation  
Rail and other 

External Product Revenue 

Crude, diluent and other products 
Refined products 

U.S.  
External Product Revenue  

Crude, diluent and other products 
Refined products and other  

84,446 
67,343 

- 
- 
151,789 

- 
14 
14 

- 
- 

5,290,736 
124,313 
5,415,049 

1,155,324 
307,060 
1,462,384 

84,446 
67,343 

5,290,736 
124,313 
5,566,838 

1,155,324 
307,074 
1,462,398 

Total revenue from contracts with customers  

151,803 

6,877,433 

7,029,236 

Year ended December 31, 2020 

Infrastructure 

Marketing 

Total 

Canada 
External Service Revenue 

Terminals storage and throughput / pipeline transportation  
Rail and other 

External Product Revenue 

Crude, diluent and other products 
Refined products and other 

U.S.  
External Product Revenue  

Crude, diluent and other products 
Refined products and other  

Total revenue from contracts with customers  

Note 20 Depreciation, Amortization and Impairment 

Depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Depreciation of right-to-use asset 
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets  

72,052 
58,836 

- 
- 
130,888 

- 
191 
191 

131,079 

note 

8 
9 

11 

- 
- 

3,075,996 
82,140 
3,158,136 

1,274,987 
201,084 
1,476,071 

4,634,207 

72,052 
58,836 

3,075,996 
82,140 
3,289,024 

1,274,987 
198,534 
1,476,262 

4,765,286 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

136,068 
29,123 
8,670 

173,861 

124,057 
37,962 
7,403 

169,422 

74 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Depreciation, amortization and impairment have been expensed as follows: 

Cost of sales 
General and administrative 

Note 21 Employee Salaries and Benefits 

Salaries and wages         
Post-employment benefits 
Share-based compensation 
Termination costs 

Employee salaries and benefits have been expensed as follows: 

Cost of sales 
General and administrative 

Compensation of key management 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

162,919 
10,942 

173,861 

158,068 
11,354 

169,422 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

78,839 
3,634 
23,335 
1,960 

2020 

79,503 
3,631 
21,144 
2,879 

107,768 

107,157 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

62,079 
45,689 

107,768 

63,274 
43,883 

107,157 

Key management includes the Company’s directors and senior executive officers. Compensation awarded to key management was: 

Salaries and wages           
Post-employment benefits (recovery) 
Share-based compensation 
Termination costs 

Note 22 Share-based Compensation  

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

6,159 
92 
10,846 
- 

17,097 

6,362 
90 
8,444 
1,716 

16,612 

The Company has established an equity incentive plan which permits the award of stock options, RSUs, PSUs and DSUs for executives, 
directors,  employees  and  consultants  of  the  Company.  Stock  options  provide  the  holder  with  the  right  to  exercise  an  option  to 
purchase a common share, upon vesting, at a price determined on the date of grant. RSUs give the holder the right to receive, upon 
vesting, either a common share or a cash payment, subject to consent of the Board, or its equivalent in fully paid common shares 
equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common shares at the date of such payment. The RSUs granted in the current and 
prior period are expected to be settled by delivery of common shares and accordingly, were considered an equity-settled award for 
accounting purposes. Stock options and RSUs granted generally vest equally each year over a three year period. RSUs granted with 
specific performance criteria are designated as PSUs. PSU’s vest at the end of the three year period and depends on the achievement 

75 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

of certain performance criteria. DSUs are similar to RSUs except that DSUs may not be redeemed until the holder ceases to hold all 
offices, employment and directorships.  

At December 31, 2021, common share awards available to grant under the equity incentive plan are approximately 4.6 million. 

A summary activity under the equity incentive plan is as follows:  

At January 1, 2020 
Granted 
Exercised and released for common shares 
Forfeited 

At December 31, 2020 
Granted 
Exercised and released for common shares 
Forfeited 

At December 31, 2021 

Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2020 
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2021 

 Number of 
shares 

  Weighted Average 
 Exercise price 
(in dollars) 

Stock Options 

2,014,943 
65,000 
(44,535) 
(104,099) 

1,931,309 
62,000 
(107,405) 
(76,908) 

1,808,996 

1,400,834 
1,295,532 

19.81 
17.53 
20.83 
26.58 

19.35 
22.18 
19.99 
28.77 

19.01 

18.32 
17.73 

Additional information regarding stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2021 is as follows: 

Outstanding 

Weighted average 
remaining 
contractual life 
(years) 
1.2 
0.5 
2.5 
4.2 
2.2 
0.5 
0.2 
0.2 
1.2 

Exercise price  
(in dollars) 
16.70 
17.09 
18.49 
22.18 
22.70 
23.13 
25.33 
26.59 

Number  
outstanding 
96,762 
1,007,726 
119,454 
58,000 
488,716 
12,677 
15,532 
10,129 
1,808,996 

Exercisable 
Weighted average 
remaining 
contractual life 
(years) 
1.2 
0.5 
2.1 
- 
2.2 
0.5 
0.2 
0.2 
0.7 

Number  
outstanding 
96,762 
1,007,726 
79,458 
- 
73,248 
12,677 
15,532 
10,129 
1,295,532 

Exercise price  
(in dollars) 
16.70 
17.09 
18.97 
- 
22.70 
23.13 
25.33 
26.59 

76 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

A summary of RSUs, PSUs and DSUs activity is set forth below: 

At January 1, 2020 
Granted 
Exercised and released for common shares 
Forfeited 

Restricted 
Share Units 

Number of units 
Performance 
Share Units 

Deferred 
Share Units 

618,274 
559,933 
(297,633) 
(50,134) 

682,601 
603,907 
(220,255) 
(81,634) 

457,578 
164,106 
(37,747) 
- 

At December 31, 2020 

830,440 

984,619 

583,937 

Granted 
Exercised and released for common shares 
Forfeited 

399,785 
(402,630) 
(71,859) 

552,500 
(526,812) 
(74,456) 

165,790 
(18,778) 
- 

At December 31, 2021 

755,736 

935,851 

730,949 

Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2020 
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2021 

583,937 
730,949 

Share-based  compensation  expense  was  $20.9  million  and  $18.7  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively, and is included in general and administrative expenses. 

The fair value of the options granted was estimated at $4.07 and $1.65 per option for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. 
The fair value of options was calculated by using the Black-Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions: 

Expected dividend rate  
Expected volatility 
Risk-free interest rate 
Expected life of option (years) 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

6.1% 
41.1% 
0.5% 
3.0 

2020 

9.1% 
31.3% 
0.5% 
3.0 

The fair value of RSUs, PSUs and DSUs was determined using the five days weighted average stock price prior to the date of grant. 

Note 23 Post-retirement Benefits    

a)  Defined benefit plans 

The Company maintains a funded defined benefit pension plan and an unfunded defined benefit other post-retirement benefits plan 
(“OPRB”).  

The Company’s defined benefit pension plans are funded based upon the advice of independent actuaries. The Company is required 
to file an actuarial valuation of the defined benefit pension plan with the provincial regulator every three years, with the most recent 
actuarial valuation filing as at December 31, 2019. The defined benefit plans expose the Company to actuarial risks such as longevity 
risk, interest rate risk, and market (investment) risk. Based on valuations by the Company’s actuaries as at December 31, 2021 and 
2020, the status of the defined benefit plans is as follows: 

77 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Accrued benefit obligation, January 1 
   Current service cost 
   Past service cost 
   Interest cost 
   Benefits paid 
   Actuarial (gain) loss 
   Other 

Accrued benefit obligation, December 31 
Fair value of pension plan assets, January 1 
   Interest on plan assets 
   Actual contributions 
   Actual benefits paid 
   Actuarial gain 
   Other 

Fair value of pension plan assets, December 31 

Accrued benefit obligation 
Fair value of plan assets 

Accrued benefit asset (liability) (1) 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2020 

Pension 

OPRB 

Pension 

17,255 
76 
- 
416 
(707) 
(1,072) 
4 

15,972 
14,869 
356 
626 
(707) 
1,414 
(33) 

16,525 

(15,972) 
16,525 

553 

4,398 
310 
- 
122 
(65) 
(671) 
- 

4,094 
- 
- 
65 
(65) 
- 
- 

- 

(4,095) 
- 

(4,094) 

16,102 
65 
- 
475 
(718) 
1,328 
3 

17,255 
14,540 
427 
46 
(718) 
595 
(21) 

14,869 

(17,255) 
14,869 

(2,386) 

OPRB 

4,650 
279 
- 
157 
(173) 
(515) 
- 

4,938 
- 
- 
173 
(173) 
- 
- 

- 

(4,398) 
- 

(4,398) 

(1) 

included on balance sheet within other assets and other liabilities 

The significant weighted average actuarial assumptions adopted in measuring the Company’s defined benefit plan obligation are as 
follows: 

   Discount rate 
   Rate of compensation increase 

Year ended December 31, 

2021 

2.9% 
3.0% 

2020 

2.5% 
3.0% 

The assumed discount rate has an effect on the amounts reported for the defined benefit plan obligation. A one-percentage point 
change in the discount rate would have the following impact:  

One % point 
increase 

One % point 
decrease 

   Increase/(decrease) in defined benefit plans obligations 

(2,485) 

3,081 

b)  Defined contribution pension plans 

The Company operates defined contribution plans whereby, in some cases, contributions made by participants are matched by the 
Company up to specified annual limits and in other cases, contributions are fully funded by the Company. The total expense recorded 
for  the  defined  contribution  pension  plans  was  $2.9  million  and  $3.0  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021  and  2020, 
respectively.  

78 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 24 Financial Instruments, Risk Management and Capital Management 

a)  Non-Derivative financial instruments   

Non-derivative financial instruments comprise cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, net investment in finance 
lease, trade payables and accrued charges, dividends payable and long-term debt.  

Cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, trade payables and accrued charges and dividends payable are recorded at 
amortized cost which approximates fair value due to the short term nature of these instruments.  

Long-term  debt,  including  the  revolving  credit  facility,  are  recorded  at  amortized  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method  of 
amortization. As at December 31, 2021, the carrying amount of long-term debt was $1,670.0 million less debt discount and issue 
costs of $9.4 million and the fair value of long-term debt based on period end trading prices on the secondary market (Level 2) was 
$1,704.7 million. As at December 31, 2020, the carrying amount of long-term debt was $1,460.0 million less debt discount and issue 
costs of $10.5 million and the fair value of long-term debt based on period end trading prices on the secondary market (Level 2) was 
$1,483.9 million.  

Financial assets and liabilities are only offset if the Company has the current legal right to offset and intends to settle on a net basis 
or settle the asset and liability simultaneously. The following table provides a summary of the Company’s offsetting trade and other 
receivables and trade payables and accrued charges: 

Gross amounts 
Amount offset 

Net amount 

December 31 

2021 

2020 

Trade and 
other 
receivables 

Trade payable 
and accrued 
charges 

Trade and 
other 
receivables 

Trade payable 
and accrued 
charges 

980,772 
(827,370) 

1,004,066 
(827,370) 

474,759 
(371,830) 

482,104 
(371,830) 

153,402 

176,696 

102,929 

110,274 

b)  Derivative financial instruments (recurring fair value measurements) 

The following is a summary of the Company’s risk management contracts outstanding: 

As at December 31, 2021 

Commodity futures 
Commodity swaps 
WTI differential futures 
Foreign currency forwards 

Financial assets (carried at fair value) 

Commodity futures 
Commodity swaps 
WTI differential futures 
Foreign currency forwards 

Carrying  
Amount 

Fair Value 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

1,290 
36 
645 
2,505 

4,476 

9,410 
264 
1,282 
755 

1,290 
36 
645 
- 

1,972 

9,410 
264 
1,282 
- 

- 
- 

2,505 

2,505 

- 
- 
- 
755 

755 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

Financial Liabilities (carried at fair value) 

11,711 

10,956 

Long-term debt (carried at amortized cost) 

1,660,609 

- 

1,704,673 

79 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

As at December 31, 2020 

Commodity futures 
Commodity swaps 
WTI differential futures 
Foreign currency forwards 

Financial assets (carried at fair value) 

Commodity futures 
Commodity swaps 
WTI differential futures 
Foreign currency forwards 

Financial Liabilities (carried at fair value) 

Carrying  
Amount 

Fair Value 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

24 
1,952 
488 
815 

3,279 

6,645 
1,338 
1,828 
343 

10,154 

24 
- 
488 
- 

512 

6,645 
- 
1,828 
- 

8,473 

- 
1,952 
- 
815 

2,767 

- 
1,338 
- 
343 

1,681 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

Long-term debt (carried at amortized cost) 

1,449,481 

- 

1,483,886 

The fair value of financial instruments is classified as a non-current asset (long-term prepaid expense and other assets) or liability 
(other long-term liabilities) if the remaining maturity is more than 12 months and, as a current asset or liability, if the maturity is less 
than 12 months.  

The impact of the movement in the fair value of financial instruments has been recognized within cost of sales in the consolidated 
statements of operations. 

i)  Commodity financial instruments  

The  Company  enters  into  futures,  options and  swap  contracts  to  manage  the  price  risk  associated  with  sales,  purchases  and 
inventories of crude oil, natural gas liquids and petroleum products.  

ii)  Foreign currency forward 

The Company enters into foreign currency forwards from time to time to manage the foreign currency risk pertaining to future 
transactions and cash flows denominated in foreign currencies, primarily in US$. 

The value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments is determined using inputs that are either readily available in public 
markets or are quoted by counterparties to these contracts. In situations where the Company obtains inputs via quotes from its 
counterparties, these quotes are verified for reasonableness via similar quotes from another source for each date for which financial 
statements  are  presented.  The  Company  has  consistently  applied  these  valuation  techniques  in  all  periods  presented  and  the 
Company believes it has obtained the most accurate information available for the types of financial instrument contracts held. The 
Company  has  categorized  the  inputs  for  these  contracts as  Level 1,  defined  as  observable  inputs  such  as quoted  prices  in  active 
markets; Level 2 defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; or 
Level 3  defined  as  unobservable  inputs  in  which  little  or  no  market  data  exists  therefore  requiring  an  entity  to  develop  its  own 
assumptions.  

The Company used the following techniques to value financial instruments categorized in Level 2: 

o 

o 

The  fair  value  of  commodity  swaps  is  calculated  as  the  present  value  of  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  based  on  the 
difference between contract price and commodity price forecast.  

The fair value of foreign currency forward contracts is determined using the forward exchange rates at the measurement 
date, with the resulting value discounted back to present values. 

c)  Financial Risk Management 

The Company’s activities expose it to certain financial risks, including foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, commodity price risk, 
credit  risk  and  liquidity  risk.  The  Company’s  risk  management  strategy  seeks  to  reduce  potential  adverse  effects  on  its  financial 
performance. As a part of its strategy, both primary and derivative financial instruments are used to hedge its risk exposures.  

80 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

There are clearly defined objectives and principles for managing financial risk, with policies, parameters and procedures covering the 
specific areas of funding, banking relationships, interest rate exposures and cash management. The Company’s treasury and risk 
management  functions  are  responsible  for  implementing  the  policies  and  providing  a  centralised  service  to  the  Company  for 
identifying, evaluating and monitoring financial risks.  

i)  Foreign currency risk 

Foreign exchange risks arise from future transactions and cash flows and from recognized monetary assets and liabilities that are not 
denominated in the functional currency of the Company’s operations.  

The exposure to exchange rate movements in significant future transactions and cash flows is managed by using foreign currency 
forward  contracts  and  options.  These  financial  instruments  have  not  been  designated  in  a  hedge  relationship.  No  speculative 
positions are entered into by the Company. 

If the Canadian dollar strengthened or weakened by 5% relative to the U.S. dollar and all other variables, in particular interest rates 
remain constant, the impact on net income and equity would be as follows: 

U.S. Dollar Forwards 
Favorable 5% change 
Unfavorable 5% change 

December 31, 
2021 

11,402 
(11,402) 

2020 

3,936 
(3,936) 

The movement is a result of a change in the fair value of U.S. dollar forward contracts and options.  

The  impact  of  translating  the  net  assets  of  the  Company’s  U.S.  operations  into  Canadian  dollars  is  excluded  from  this  sensitivity 
analysis. 

ii)  Interest rate risk 

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of a financial instrument will be affected by changes in market interest rates. A 1% 
increase or decrease in interest rates would, based on current rates and balances, decrease or increase the Company’s net income 
by $2.7 million (as at December 31, 2020 – $0.6 million).  

iii) Commodity price risk 

The  Company  is  exposed  to  changes  in  the  price  of  crude  oil,  NGLs,  oil  related  products  and  electricity  commodities,  which  are 
monitored regularly. Crude oil and NGL priced futures, options and swaps are used to manage the exposure to these commodities’ 
price movements. These financial instruments are not designated as hedges. Based on the Company’s risk management policies, all 
of the financial instruments are employed in connection with an underlying asset/liability and/or forecasted transaction and are not 
entered into with the objective of speculating on commodity prices.  

The  following  table  summarizes  the  impact  to  net  income  and  equity  due  to  a  change  in  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  derivative 
positions because of fluctuations in commodity prices leaving all other variables constant, in particular, foreign currency rates. The 
Company believes that a 15% volatility in crude oil and NGL related prices is a reasonable assumption. 

Crude oil and NGL related prices 
Favorable 15% change 
Unfavorable 15% change 

iv)  Credit risk 

December 31, 
2021 

2020 

21,155 
(21,155) 

12,162 
(12,162) 

The Company’s credit risk arises from its outstanding trade receivables, including receivables from customers who have entered into 
fixed term contractual arrangements to have dedicated use of certain of the Company’s tanks. A significant portion of the Company’s 
trade receivables are due from entities in the oil and gas industry. Concentration of credit risk is mitigated by having a broad customer 
base  and  by  dealing  with  credit-worthy  counterparties  in  accordance  with  established  credit  approval  practices.  The  Company 
actively monitors the financial strength of its customers and, in select cases, has tightened credit terms to minimize the risk of default 
on trade receivables.  

81 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

The Company establishes guidelines for customer credit limits and terms. The Company review includes financial statements and 
external  ratings  when  available.  The  Company  does  not  usually  require  collateral  in  respect  of  trade  and  other  receivables.  The 
Company provides adequate provisions for expected losses from the credit risks associated with trade receivables. Historical loss 
rates are adjusted to reflect current and forward-looking information on macroeconomic factors affecting the ability of customers to 
settle the receivables. The provision is based on an individual account-by-account analysis and prior credit history.  

The  carrying  amount  of  the  Company’s  net  trade  and  other  receivables  represents  the  maximum  counterparty  credit  exposure, 
without taking into account any security held. The Company defines current as outstanding accounts receivable under 30 days past 
due. The Company believes the unimpaired amounts that are past due by greater than 30 days are fully collectible based on historical 
default  rates  of  customers  and  assessment  of  counterparty  credit  risk  through  established  credit  management  techniques  as 
discussed above. The following table details the aging of trade and other receivables: 

Current 
Past due 31-60 days 
Past due over 60 days 

Total trade and other receivables 

December 31, 
2021 

662,302 
1,437 
3,849 

667,588 

2020 

330,072 
604 
2,965 

333,641 

The  Company  is  exposed  to  credit  risk  associated  with  possible  non-performance  by  financial  instrument  counterparties.  The 
Company  does  not  generally  require  collateral  from  its  counterparties  but  believes  the  risk  of  non-performance  is  low.  The 
counterparties are generally major financial institutions or commodity brokers with investment grade credit ratings as determined 
by recognized credit rating agencies. 

The Company’s cash equivalents are placed in time deposits with investment grade international banks and financial institutions. 

v)  Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. This risk relates to the 
Company’s ability to generate or obtain sufficient cash or cash equivalents to satisfy these financial obligations as they become due. 
The Company’s process for managing liquidity risk includes preparing and monitoring capital and operating budgets, coordinating 
and  authorizing  project  expenditures  and  authorization  of  contractual  agreements.  The  Company  may  seek  additional  financing 
based on the results of these processes. The budgets are updated with forecasts when required and as conditions change. Cash and 
cash equivalents and the revolving credit facility are available and are expected to be available to satisfy the Company’s short and 
long-term  requirements.  As  at  December  31,  2021,  the  Company  had  a  revolving  credit  facility  of  $750.0 million  and  two  credit 
facilities totaling $150.0 million. As at December 31, 2021, $270.0 million (December 31, 2020 – $60.0 million) was drawn against the 
revolving credit facility and the Company had outstanding issued letters of credit of $35.0 million (December 31, 2020 – $34.7 million). 

The terms of the unsecured senior notes, unsecured hybrid notes and revolving credit facility require the Company to comply with 
certain covenants. If the Company fails to comply with these covenants the lenders may declare an event of default. As at December 
31, 2021 the Company was in compliance with these covenants. 

Set out below is a maturity analyses of certain of the  Company’s financial contractual obligations as at December  31, 2021. The 
maturity dates are the contractual maturities of the obligations and the amounts are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. 

On demand or 
within one 
year 

Between one 
and three years 

Between three 
and five years 

After five 
years 

Total 

Trade payables and accrued charges 
(excluding derivative financial 
instruments and accrued interest) 
Dividend payable 
Long-term debt 
Interest on long-term debt 
Financial instruments liabilities 
Lease liabilities 

658,091 
51,319 
- 
48,350 
11,711 
30,299 

- 
- 
- 
96,700 
- 
38,018 

- 
- 
865,000 
85,420 
- 
16,643 

- 
- 
1,075,000 
763,653 
- 
2,131 

658,091 
51,319 
1,940,000 
994,123 
11,711 
87,091 

799,770 

134,718 

967,063 

1,840,784 

3,742,335 

82 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

d)  Capital management 

The Company's objectives when managing its capital structure are to maintain financial flexibility so as to preserve the Company’s 
ability  to  meet  its  financial  obligations  and  to  finance  internally  generated  growth  capital  requirements  as  well  as  potential 
acquisitions.  

The  Company  manages  its  capital  structure  and  makes  adjustments  to  it  in  light  of  changes  in  economic  conditions and  the  risk 
characteristics of the underlying assets. The Company considers its capital structure to include shareholders' equity, long-term debt, 
lease liabilities and working capital. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may draw on its revolving credit facility, 
issue notes or issue equity and/or adjust its operating costs and/or capital spending to manage its current and projected debt levels. 

Financing decisions are made by management and the Board based on forecasts of the expected timing and level  of capital and 
operating expenditure required to meet the Company’s commitments and development plans. Factors considered when determining 
whether to issue new debt or to seek equity financing include the amount of financing required, the availability of financial resources, 
the terms on which financing is available and consideration of the balance between shareholder value creation and prudent financial 
risk management. 

Net debt is calculated as total borrowings (including ‘current and non-current borrowings’ as shown in the consolidated balance 
sheet, and lease liabilities) less cash and cash equivalents. Total capital is calculated as net debt plus share capital as shown in the 
consolidated balance sheet. 

Total financial liability borrowings 
Less: cash and cash equivalents 
Net debt (1) 

Total share capital 

Total capital 

December 31, 
2021 

2020 

1,742,388 
(62,688) 
1,679,700 

1,552,223 
(53,676) 
1,498,547 

1,997,255 

1,977,104 

3,676,955 

3,475,651 

(1)  The unsecured hybrid notes are included in the above total capital calculation in accordance with the Company’s view of its capital structure which includes 
shareholders’ equity and long-term debt. The unsecured hybrid notes, and associated interest payments are excluded from the definition of consolidated debt 
for the purposes of debt to capitalization as well as the consolidated interest coverage covenant ratios.  

If the Company is in a net debt position, the Company will assess whether the projected cash flow and availability under the revolving 
credit facility are sufficient to service this debt and support ongoing operations.  

83 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 25 Commitments and Contingencies  

a)  Commitments 

Lease obligations primarily relate to office leases, rail cars, vehicles, field buildings, various equipment as well as certain commitments 
related to terminal services arrangements. The minimum payments required under these commitments, net of sub-lease income, 
are as follows: 

   2022 
   2023 
   2024 
   2025 
   2026 and later 

49,044 
36,659 
23,459 
12,382 
9,842 
131,386 

b)  Commitments to Equity Accounted Investees 

The Company does not have a current commitment to fund additional construction for its equity investments as at December 31, 
2021. 

c)  Contingencies 

The Company is involved in various claims and actions arising in the course of operations and is subject to various legal actions and 
exposures. Although the outcome of these claims are uncertain, the Company does not expect these matters to have a material 
adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, cash flows or operational results. If an unfavorable outcome were to occur, there 
exists  the  possibility  of  a  material  adverse  impact  on  the Company’s  consolidated net income  or  loss  in  the  period in  which  the 
outcome is determined. Accruals for litigation, claims and assessments are recognized if the Company determines that the loss is 
probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company believes it has made adequate provision for such legal claims. 
While fully supportable in the Company’s view, some of these positions, if challenged may not be fully sustained on review. 

The  Company  is  subject  to  various  regulatory  and  statutory  requirements  relating  to  the  protection  of  the  environment.  These 
requirements,  in  addition  to  the  contractual  agreements  and  management  decisions,  result  in  the  recognition  of  estimated 
decommissioning  obligations  and  environmental  remediation.  Estimates  of  decommissioning  obligations  and  environmental 
remediation  costs  can  change  significantly  based  on  such  factors  such  as  operating  experience  and  changes  in  legislation  and 
regulations.  

Note 26 Subsequent Events 

On February 22, 2022, the Board declared a quarterly dividend of $0.37 per common share, an increase of $0.02 per common share, 
for the first quarter on its outstanding common shares. The dividend is payable on April 14, 2022 to shareholders of record at the 
close of business on March 31, 2022. 

84 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gibson Energy Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
(Amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share amounts) 

Note 27 Supplemental Cash Flow Information 

Year ended December 31, 

Note 

2021 

2020 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Net income 
Adjustments: 
   Finance costs, net 
   Income tax expense 
   Depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment 
   Depreciation of right-of-use asset 
   Amortization and impairment of intangible assets 
   Share-based compensation 
   Share of profit from investments in equity accounted investees 
   Distributions from equity accounted investees 
   Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment 
   Provisions 
   Net loss on fair value movement of financial instruments 
   Other 

Changes in items of working capital: 
   Trade and other receivables 
   Inventories 
   Other current assets 
   Trade payables and accrued charges 
   Contract liabilities 

   Income tax payment, net 

Net cash inflow from operating activities  

8 
9 
11 
22 
10 

8 
16 

5 
6 

15 

145,053 

           121,309  

61,344 
36,184 
136,068 
29,123 
8,670 
23,335 
(6,083) 
4,909 
(2,942) 
(168) 
1,952 
(7,814) 
284,578 

(335,176) 
(92,113) 
8,703 
249,062 
 (13,579) 
(183,103)  

            96,420  
           29,369  
         124,057  
           37,962  
              7,403  
            21,144  
           (2,670) 
                 691  
               (853) 
              3,391  
              9,618  
           (7,399) 
         319,133  

         101,351  
         (26,361) 
              5,569  
         (32,266) 
         (21,007) 
            27,286  

(29,722)  

           (8,177) 

216,806  

         459,551  

85 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
CORPORATE INFORMATION  

MANAGEMENT 
Steve Spaulding 
President & Chief Executive Officer 
Sean Brown 
SVP & Chief Financial Officer 
Sean Wilson 
SVP & Chief Administrative Officer 
Kyle DeGruchy 
SVP. Supply & Marketing 
Omar Saif 
SVP. Operations & Engineering 

DIRECTORS 
James M. Estey 
Chair of the Board 

Douglas P. Bloom 
James J. Cleary 
Judy E. Cotte 
Heidi L. Dutton 
Juliana L. Lam 
John L. Festival 
Marshall L. McRae 
Peggy C. Montana 
Mary Ellen Peters 
Steven R. Spaulding 

HEAD OFFICE 
1700, 440-2nd Ave SW 
Calgary, AB Canada T2P5E9 

Phone: (403) 206-4000 
Fax: (403) 206-4001 

Website: www.gibsonenergy.com 

AUDITORS 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 

BANKERS 
Royal Bank of Canada 
BMO Capital Markets 

LEGAL COUNSEL 
Bennett Jones LLP 

TRUSTEES, REGISTRAR  
& TRANSFER AGENT 
Computershare Trust  
Company of Canada 
Calgary, Alberta, Canada 

BNY Mellon 
New York, New York. U.S. 

STOCK EXCHANGE 
Toronto Stock Exchange 
Trading Symbol: GEI 

INVESTOR RELATIONS 
Mark Chyc-Cies 
VP. Strategy, Planning & Investor Relations 
Phone: (403) 776-3146 
Email: investor.relations@gibsonenergy.com 

MEDIA INQUIRIES 
Phone: (403) 476-6334 
Email: communications@gibsonenergy.com