GRAHAM CORPORATION
Annual Report for Fiscal Year
2023
Graham is a global leader in the design and manufacture of mission critical fluid, power,
heat transfer and vacuum technologies for the defense, space, energy and process industries.
The Graham Manufacturing and Barber-Nichols’ global brands are built upon world-renowned
engineering expertise in vacuum and heat transfer, cryogenic pumps and turbomachinery
technologies, as well as our responsive and flexible service and the unsurpassed quality
customers have come to expect from our products and systems.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
(Dollarsinthousands,exceptpersharedata)
FiFF sii cal yearsrr ended March 31,
Operating Performance
Net Sales
Gross profit
Gross margrr inii
(%)%
Selling, general and administrative
Goodwill and other impairments
OpO eratinii g margrr inii
(%)%
Net income (loss)
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
$
157,118
$
122,814
$
97,489
$
90,604
$
91,831
25,408
16.2%
9,129
7.77 4%
20,469
18,148
21,909
21.0%
20.0%
23.9%
24,158
21,299
17,471
16,879
17,878
-
0.8%
367
-
(9(( .2)2 %
(8,773)
-
3.1%
2,374
-
0.7%
1,872
6,449
(2(( .6)6 %
(308)
(0.03)
9,823
Diluted net income (loss) per share
$
0.03
$
(0.83)
$
0.24
$
0.19
$
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
10,654
10,541
9,959
9,879
Year-End Financial Position
Total assets
Cash, cash equivalents and investments
Long-term debt
Stockholders' equity
Net book value per share
Dividends declared per share
Other Data
Working capital¹
Depreciation and amortization
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
Backlog²
Number of employees
$
203,918
$
183,691
$
144,280
$
148,120
$
156,270
18,257
11,744
96,933
14,741
18,378
96,494
65,032
73,003
77,753
-
-
-
97,929
96,724
98,966
9.10
-
$
$
9.15
0.33
$
$
9.83
0.44
$
$
9.79
0.43
$
$
10.05
0.39
23,904
$
27,796
$
76,675
$
77,443
$
79,896
5,987
3,749
5,599
2,324
1,945
2,158
1,968
2,417
2,205
2,138
301,734
$
256,536
$
137,567
$
112,389
$
132,127
538
491
331
337
337
$
$
$
$
¹ WoWW rkikk nii g capital equalsll current assetstt minii us current lill abili ill ties.
² Backlkk og isii defe iff nii ed byb us as the total dollll ar value ofo ordersrr received foff r whww ich revenue has not yet been recognizii ed.
LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS
Dear Fellow Shareholders,
We made substantial progress in fiscal 2023 to advance our strategy,
stabilize our vacuum and heat transfer business, grow our fluid and
power turbomachinery business, improve our financial performance,
and capture new opportunities. We ended the year on a strong note,
delivering record revenue of $157 million and net income of
$0.4 million, or $0.03 per diluted share.
Importantly, we had record annual orders1 of $203 million and ended
with a very healthy backlog1 of $302 million that supports further growth
and margin expansion. Further, we believe our book-to-bill ratio of 1.3x
for the year validated the investments made to deliver on our
commitments, our customers’ confidence in our execution, and the
success we are having in winning new business across our diversified
markets.
Focused on Execution for the U.S. Navyvv
We entered fiscal 2023 in challenging conditions as we managed through the issues surrounding some first
article work for the U.S. Navy related to our heat transfer business including the need for high-cost contract
labor to deliver on our promises. During the year, we regained scheduling compliance and successfully
delivered four of these first article heat transfer equipment projects. Our fluid and power teams answered
the U.S. Navy’s call for acceleration of deliveries with investment in facilities and equipment to measurably
expand capacity. Our U.S. Navy customers were pleased with our investments and rewarded us with
$117 million in new orders for our existing projects. Our defense backlog was $244 million at fiscal yearend.
Vision. Purpose. Strategy.
Our vision is to build an exceptional company that provides mission-critical high compliance products to
diverse markets. We believe we can succeed with our highly skilled workforce that is fully engaged. Our
open culture challenges each of us to do our best to meet and exceed our customers' needs for engineering
expertise, responsive service, and timely deliveries. Our team is diligent in its effff orts because we are bound
by a very clear purpose: WeWW provivv de productstt and solutitt ons thtt at helpl
sustainable energrr ygg and supportstt sps ace commercializii ation and exee px loratitt on.
to reliablyl defe eff nd our natitt on, enable
Our strategy is structured on four pillars. The first pillar is based on serving markets where our technology
is critical to the success of our customers' process or application. This is how we have succeeded over time
with our vacuum and heat transfer technology as well as our turbomachinery solutions. Our vacuum
system on a refinery's distillation column defines the output of the refinery. Similarly, failure of a torpedo
propulsion system in an ocean conflict could be catastrophic. Space communication satellites quit working
if our thermal management pumps fail. Our engineering expertise in vacuum, heat transfer and
1 Management uses orders, backlog, and book-to-bill ratio as key performance metrics to analyze and measure the Company’s financial
performance and results of operations. How management uses and defines these key performance indicators is more fully described
in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.
turbomachinery and our high compliance processes developed to
create and qualifyff
diffff erentiation.
these solutions are key to our technology
The second pillar of our strategy is operational excellence. We have
many initiatives to continually improve the processes we employ in our
operations. We have been consistently upgrading information systems
in our turbomachinery operation and we are initiating an enterprise
resource planning system upgrade for our vacuum heat transfer
operation. We are making investments in equipment like automated
welding that eliminates rework and provides quick payback.
The third pillar is our people. Our people are our most valuable asset
and we are committed to grow and develop our team to maintain a
competitive advantage. We have had success using engagement
surveys and follow through with initiatives such as improved
instruction, process tools, communication, development programs and
other resources. While leadership development is advanced for a
company of our size, we have expanded skilled trades training through
in-house weld schools, partnerships with community and academic
resources and a machinist apprenticeship program.
Finally, for our fourth pillar, we plan to leverage our external
stakeholders, including our communities, our suppliers, our lenders,
and our shareholders, to be a better business. This means strengthened
relationships, collaborative communication and win-win solutions. We
are making steady progress and are encouraged with our stakeholders’
support of our journey to build better businesses.
A Transformation Journey
We are transforming Graham Corporation into a dynamic, extremely
capable, integrated group of companies providing mission critical, high
compliance equipment for world class customers to deliver sustainable
growth and incremental profit year-over-year to our investors. We are
confident in our ability to achieve our fiscal 2027 goals of over
$200 million in revenue with adjusted EBITDA margins2 in the low to
mid-teens. Our future is bright, and I am honored to lead our team on
this journey. I sincerely thank our employees, suppliers, communities,
directors and shareholders for their unwavering support as we advance
our strategy.
Sincerely,
DDaanniieell JJ. TThhoorreenn
President and Chief Executive Offff icer
July 5, 2023
SSTRATEGIC PILLARS
FOR GROWTH
I. Target Markets:
our technology is
critical to our
customers’ success
II. Operational
Excellence:
driving
performance to
deliver value
III. Our People:
grow and develop
our most valuable
asset for an
engaged and
passionate
workforce
IV. Stakeholder
Engagement:
establish trust and
mutual respect
with our
communities,
suppliers, and
investors
2Graham believes that adjusted EBITDA margin (defined as adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net sales, where adjusted EBITDA is
defined as consolidated net income (loss) before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, other acquisition
related expenses (income), and other unusual/nonrecurring expenses), which is a non-GAAAA P measure, helps in the understanding of its
operating performance. How management uses this and other non-GAAAA P measures is more fully described in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.
Safa eff Harbrr or Rege ardidd nii gn Forwaww rd-dd lookikk nii gn Statements
Certain statementstt herein contain foff rward-lookingn statementstt wiw thtt in thtt e meaningn ofo Sectitt on 27A77 ofo thtt e Securititt es
Act ofo 1933,3 as amended,dd and Sectitt on 21E ofo thtt e Securititt es ExEE changn e Act ofo 1934,4 as amended. FoFF rward-lookingn
statementstt are subjb ect to risii kskk ,s uncertaintitt es and assumptitt ons and are identitt fi iff ed byb wordsdd such as “e“ xee px ectstt ,s ”
“a“ ntitt cipi ates,s ” “b“ elieves,s ” “g“ oalsll ,s ” “p“ lan,” “s““ hould,dd ” “w““
iww ll,ll ” and othtt er similar wordsdd . Allll statementstt addressingn
operatitt ngn perfr off rmr ance,e evevv ntstt ,s or developmentstt
thtt at we exee px ect or antitt cipi ate wiww ll occur in thtt e fuff ture,e includingn but
not limited to our fuff ture sustainable grgg owthtt and business,s fuff ture success,s longn -termrr
resultstt ,s adjd usted EBITDTT ADD
margrr ig ns,s incremental profo iff t year over year,rr fuff ture demand,dd ordersrr and workrr ,kk markrr etstt ,s returnr s,s profo iff tabilityt ,yy value,e
opportunititt es,s and strtt atege igg es are foff rward-lookingn statementstt and should be evaluated in ligii hgg t ofo important rir sii k
faff ctorsrr and uncertaintitt es. ThTT ese rir sii k faff ctorsrr and uncertaintitt es are more fuff llyl descrirr bed in our Annual Report on
FoFF rm 10-K and othtt er reportstt we fiff le wiww thtt
thtt e Securir titt es and ExEE changn e Commisii sion. Should one or more ofo thtt ese
risii kskk or uncertaintitt es materializii e or should anyn ofo our underlrr yl iyy ngn assumptitt ons provevv incorrrr ect,tt actual resultstt maya
varyr materir allyl
frff om thtt ose currr entltt yl anticipi ated. In addititt on, undue reliance should not be placed on our
foff rward-lookingn statementstt . ThTT ese foff rward-lookingn statementstt are not guarantees ofo fuff ture perfr off rmr ance and
speak onlyl as ofo thtt e date made,e and exee cept as required byb law,ww Graham Corprr oratitt on disii claims anyn obligii atitt on to
update or publiclyl announce anyn revivv sii ions to anyn ofo thtt e foff rward-lookingn statementstt contained herein.
ThTT isii pagaa e intentitt onallyl
lefe tff blank
ANNUAL REPORT ON
FORM 10-K
The following Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended March 31, 2023 was filed
with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission on June 8, 2023.
This page intentionally left blank
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
☒☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023
or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
For the transition period from _____________ to ___________.
Commission File Number 001-08462
GRAHAM CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
20 Florence Avenue, Batavia, New York
(Address of principal executive offices)
16-1194720
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
14020
(Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code 585-343-2216
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Common Stock, Par Value $0.10 Per Share
Trading
Symbol(s)
GHM
Name of each exchange on which registered
NYSE
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES ☐ NO ☒
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. YES ☐ NO ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ☒ NO ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405
of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit
such files). YES ☒ NO ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company,
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging
growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
☐
☐
☐
Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with
any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal
control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that
prepared or issued its audit report. ☒
Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The aggregate market value of the Registrant’s Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based on the closing price of the shares of
common stock on the NYSE Stock Market on September 30, 2022, was approximately $88.6 million.
As of June 2, 2023, the number of shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding was 10,676,334 shares.
Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
☒
☒
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed in connection with the Registrant's 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held
on August 22, 2023, are incorporated by reference into Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of this report.
Table of Contents
GRAHAM CORPORATION
Annual Report on Form 10-K
Year Ended March 31, 2023
PART I
PAGE
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements ...........................................................................................
Item 1
Business .........................................................................................................................................................................
Item 1A Risk Factors ...................................................................................................................................................................
Item 1B Unresolved Staff Comments..........................................................................................................................................
Properties .......................................................................................................................................................................
Item 2
Legal Proceedings..........................................................................................................................................................
Item 3
Mine Safety Disclosures ................................................................................................................................................
Item 4
PART II
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities ...
Item 5
Reserved ........................................................................................................................................................................
Item 6
Item 7
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations .......................................
Item 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk ......................................................................................
Item 8
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data .............................................................................................................
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure .......................................
Item 9
Item 9A Controls and Procedures ................................................................................................................................................
Item 9B Other Information ..........................................................................................................................................................
Item 9C Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent Inspections .........................................................................
PART III
Item 10
Item 11
Item 12
Item 13
Item 14
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ............................................................................................
Executive Compensation ...............................................................................................................................................
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters .....................
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ..............................................................
Principal Accounting Fees and Services .......................................................................................................................
PART IV
Item 15
Item 16
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.......................................................................................................................
Form 10-K Summary.....................................................................................................................................................
2
3
8
20
20
20
20
21
21
22
33
35
66
66
67
67
68
68
68
68
68
69
72
1
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "Form 10-K") and other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange
Commission ("SEC") include forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-
looking statements for purposes of this Form 10-K. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors
that may cause actual results to be materially different from any future results implied by the forward-looking statements. Forward-
looking statements are indicated by words such as "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "can," "may," "might,"
"intend," "expect," "plan," "goal," "predict," "project," "outlook," "encourage," "potential," "should," "will," and similar words and
expressions.
Forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and there are certain
important factors that could cause our actual results to differ, possibly materially, from expectations or estimates reflected in such
forward-looking statements including those described in the "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Undue reliance should
not be placed on our forward-looking statements. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time and we cannot predict these events
or how they may affect us and cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking
statements. Therefore, you should not rely on our forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. When considering these
risks, uncertainties and assumptions, you should keep in mind the cautionary statements contained in this Form 10-K and any documents
incorporated herein by reference. You should read this document and the documents that we reference in this Form 10-K completely
and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. All forward-looking
statements attributable to us are expressly qualified by these cautionary statements.
All forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-K are made only as of the date indicated or as of the date of this Form
10-K. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or announce any revisions to forward-looking statements
contained in this Form 10-K, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
2
Item 1. Business
PART I
(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share data)
Graham Corporation ("we," "us," "our" or the "Company") is a global leader in the design and manufacture of mission critical
fluid, power, heat transfer and vacuum technologies for the defense, space, energy and process industries. For the defense industry, our
equipment is used in nuclear and non-nuclear propulsion, power, fluid transfer, and thermal management systems. For the space industry
our equipment is used in propulsion, power and energy management systems and for life support systems. We supply equipment for
vacuum, heat transfer and fluid transfer applications used in energy and new energy markets including oil refining, cogeneration, and
multiple alternative and clean power applications including hydrogen. For the chemical and petrochemical industries, our heat transfer
equipment is used in fertilizer, ethylene, methanol and downstream chemical facilities.
Our corporate headquarters is located with our production facilities in Batavia, New York, where surface condensers and
ejectors are designed, engineered, and manufactured. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Barber-Nichols, LLC ("BN"), based in Arvada,
Colorado, designs, develops and manufactures specialty turbomachinery products for the aerospace, cryogenic, defense and energy
markets (see "Acquisition" below). We also have wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries, Graham Vacuum and Heat Transfer Technology
Co., Ltd. ("GVHTT"), located in Suzhou, China and Graham India Private Limited ("GIPL"), located in Ahmedabad, India. GVHTT
provides sales and engineering support for us in the People's Republic of China and management oversight throughout Southeast Asia.
GIPL serves as a sales and market development office focusing on the refining, petrochemical and fertilizer markets in India and the
Middle East.
We were incorporated in Delaware in 1983 and are the successor to Graham Manufacturing Co., Inc., which was incorporated
in New York in 1936. Our stock is traded on the NYSE under the ticker symbol "GHM".
Our fiscal year ends on March 31 of each year. We refer to our fiscal year, which ended March 31, 2023, as fiscal 2023.
Likewise, we refer to our fiscal years that ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021 as fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.
Acquisition - On June 1, 2021, we acquired BN, a privately-owned designer and manufacturer of turbomachinery products for
the aerospace, cryogenic, defense and energy markets located in Arvada, Colorado. We believe that this acquisition furthered our growth
strategy through market and product diversification, broadened our offerings to the defense and energy markets, and strengthened our
presence in the defense sector. The purchase price of $72,014 was comprised of shares of common stock, representing a value of $8,964,
cash consideration of $61,150 and a contingent earn-out. A total of $93,121 of assets were acquired including goodwill of $23,523 and
other intangibles of $32,500.
Our Products, Customers and Markets
We manufacture critical, custom-engineered products with high quality and reliability including:
Defense
Power plant systems - ejectors, surface condensers
Torpedo ejection, propulsion & power systems - turbines, alternators, regulators, pumps, blowers
Thermal management systems - pumps, blowers, drive electronics
Space
Rocket propulsion systems - turbopumps, fuel pumps
Cooling systems - pumps, compressors, fans, blowers
Life support systems - fans, pumps, blowers
Energy
Heat transfer & vacuum systems - ejectors, process condensers, surface condensers, liquid ring pumps, heat
exchangers, nozzles
Power generation systems - turbines, generators, compressors, pumps
Thermal management systems - pumps, blowers, electronics
Chemical and Petrochemical Processing
Heat transfer & vacuum systems - ejectors, process condensers, surface condensers, liquid ring pumps, heat
exchangers, nozzles
•
•
•
•
3
Our products are used in a wide range of applications, including:
•
•
•
•
•
Defense
Aircraft carrier program (CVN)
Virginia fast-attack submarine program (SSN)
Columbia and Ohio ballistic submarine program (SSBN)
U.S. Navy torpedoes
Refueling and overhaul replacement equipment
Space
NASA xEMU next-generation space suit and commercial derivatives
Relativity Space's Aeon program
Various commercial space propulsion, fluid and heat transfer applications
Energy
conventional oil refining
oil sands extraction and upgrading
ethanol plants
cogeneration power plants
geothermal and biomass power plants
concentrated solar power
molten salt reactor development
small modular nuclear reactor development
hydrogen fuel cell power
zero-emission aviation
Chemical and Petrochemical Processing
ethylene, methanol and nitrogen producing plants
urea and fertilizer plants
plastics, resins and fibers plants
downstream petrochemical plants
coal-to-chemicals plants
gas-to-liquids plants
Cryogenic Fluid Processes
superconducting cable and magnet cooling
space simulation chambers
hydrogen production, transportation, distribution, fueling
Our principal customers include tier one and tier two suppliers to the defense and aerospace industry, refineries, petrochemical
plants, large engineering companies that build installations for companies in the energy and process industries (or Engineering
Procurement Contractors ("EPCs"), and original equipment manufacturers ("OEM"). A representative list of our customers include:
Aerojet Rocketdyne, Air Liquide, Applied Research Laboratory at Pennsylvania State University, Aramco, Bechtel Plant Machinery
Inc., Blue Origin, Boeing, CERN, China State-owned Refiners, Cummins, DuPont, Dow Chemical, General Atomics, General
Dynamics, ExxonMobil, Fluor Corporation, Jacobs Engineering Group Inc., Kairos Power, Koch Fertilizer ENID LLC, Lockheed
Martin, MHI Compressor International Corporation, NASA, Newport News Shipbuilding, Northrop Grumman, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, Raytheon Technologies, SAIC, Sierra Space, U.S. Navy, and United Launch Alliance.
Our products are sold by a team of sales engineers whom we employ directly. Two customers each accounted for more than
10% of our revenue in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 ("Fiscal 2023"). As a result of our diversification efforts to more extensively
support the U.S. Navy and the acquisition of BN, we have increased our concentration in domestic and defense sales. Domestic sales
accounted for approximately 81% of total sales in fiscal 2023, while sales to the defense industry were 42%.
Our backlog at March 31, 2023 was $301,734 compared with $256,536 at March 31, 2022. For more information on this
performance indicator see "Orders and Backlog" below.
4
Our Strengths
Our core strengths include:
• We have a value-enhancing engineering sales and product development platform. We believe our customer-facing
platform of technical sales, project estimating and application engineering are competitive advantages. We have tools and
capabilities that we believe allow us to move quickly and comprehensively to meet the unique needs of our customers.
We believe that our early and deep involvement in our customers' projects adds significant value and is an important
competitive differentiator in the long sales cycle industries we serve. We believe customers need our engineering and
fabrication expertise early in a project life cycle to understand how best to utilize our equipment in the optimization of
their systems.
• We are known for our strong capabilities to handle complex, custom orders. The orders we receive are extremely complex.
In our markets, we believe that order administration, risk management, cost containment, quality control and engineering
documentation are as important as the equipment itself. We have developed order management capabilities to enable us
to deliver high quality, engineered-to-order, as well as build-to-spec, process-critical equipment in a timely manner. For
our customers’ complex, custom orders we typically manage very rigorous interaction between our project management
teams and the end user or its engineering firm, as product design and quality requirements are finalized. Customers' supplier
selection process begins by assessing these order management capabilities.
• We maintain a responsive, flexible production environment. Our operations teams are experienced at handling low volume,
high mix orders of highly customized solutions. While certain equipment in a product group may look similar, there are
often subtle differences which are required to deliver the desired specification. Also, during production it is not uncommon
for customer-driven engineering changes to occur that alter the configuration of what had been initially released into
production. The markets we serve demand this flexible operating model.
• We have the capability to manage outsourced production. Effectively accessing the global fabrication supply chain
expands our market reach, increases execution capacity and can improve competitiveness. We use this capability for three
primary reasons: 1. delivering a lower cost manufacturing option; 2. expanding capacity to execute an order to meet
customer timing requirements; and 3. addressing localized content requirements. We have proven capability to deliver our
specialized product designs with outsourced fabrication that meets our high quality standards.
• We provide robust technical support. Our engineering and performance improvement personnel work with our customers
to optimize the performance of our equipment, provide operator training and troubleshoot performance issues. Technical
expertise is important to our customers throughout the full product lifecycle and we believe their focus is on leveraging
our equipment to maximize their systems' productivity.
• We have a highly trained workforce. We maintain a long-tenured, highly skilled and flexible workforce. We support the
development of our employees through programs such as our internal weld school, our partnerships with community
colleges and other external training programs. We continually strive to enhance our corporate culture, develop our
employees and improve employee engagement.
• We have the capability to manufacture to tight tolerances. Our manufacturing abilities include the capability to fabricate
to tight tolerances. Additionally, we possess highly specialized manufacturing and electrochemical milling expertise on
turbomachinery equipment. This, combined with our strong quality control with objective quality evidence, provides us a
unique competitive advantage.
Our Strategy
Our strategy is to build a diversified business that provides mission critical, high compliance products requiring exceptional
engineering know-how and a highly-skilled and engaged workforce. We expect to accomplish this by pursuing niche applications in
markets with enduring tailwinds that reward differentiated engineered product and full lifecycle scope of work with higher margins.
Over the last few years, we have transitioned from a highly cyclical energy business to a diversified company serving multiple markets
including the defense, space and alternative energy industries. Our long-term goal is to drive 8% to 10% average annualized revenue
growth and low to mid-teen adjusted EBITDA margins by fiscal year 2027. We expect to accomplish our goals through the development
of our full lifecycle product model serving multiple markets while leveraging business unit synergies to optimize profitability and
stability. Additionally, we believe we must develop a highly engaged team that will drive continual improvement for the long term.
Executed effectively, we expect our strategy to create more enduring, recurring opportunities and profitable growth.
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During fiscal 2023, we stabilized our vacuum and heat transfer business and invested in growth of our turbomachinery business.
As we advance into fiscal 2024, we will continue to evolve our strategy to reduce our cyclicality and further diversify our opportunities
as we develop technologies that help solve our customers’ problems. We are focusing our efforts to:
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Pursue clearly defined markets where product and technology differentiation matters;
Drive operational excellence while investing in process optimization including digital and automated tools;
Build an elite team of people passionate about their work; and
Engage all stakeholders to capture value.
We have not reconciled non-GAAP forward-looking adjusted EBITDA margin to its most directly comparable GAAP measure,
as permitted by Item 10(e)(1)(i)(B) of Regulation S-K. Such reconciliation would require unreasonable efforts to estimate and quantify
various necessary GAAP components largely because forecasting or predicting our future operating results is subject to many factors
out of our control or not readily predictable.
Competition
Our business is highly competitive. The principal bases on which we compete include technology, price, performance,
reputation, delivery, and quality. Our competitors listed in alphabetical order by market include:
NORTH AMERICA
Market
Principal Competitors
Navy Nuclear Propulsion Program / Defense
DC Fabricators; Joseph Oat; PCC; Triumph Aerospace; Xylem
Refining vacuum distillation
Chemicals/petrochemicals
Turbomachinery OEM – defense and aerospace/space
Croll Reynolds Company, Inc.; Gardner Denver, Inc.; GEA
Wiegand GmbH
Croll Reynolds Company, Inc.; Gardner Denver, Inc.; Schutte
Koerting
Ametek, Inc., Concepts NREC; Curtiss Wright; Florida Turbine
Technologies; Honeywell; Kratos Defense & Security Solns
Turbomachinery OEM – refining, petrochemical
Donghwa Entec Co., Ltd..; KEMCO; Oeltechnik GmbH
Turbomachinery OEM – power and power producer
Holtec; KEMCO; Maarky Thermal Systems; Thermal Engineering
International (USA), Inc.
INTERNATIONAL
Market
Principal Competitors
Refining vacuum distillation
Chemicals/petrochemicals
Turbomachinery OEM – refining, petrochemical
Turbomachinery OEM – power and power producer
Edwards, Ltd.; Gardner Denver, Inc.; GEA Wiegand GmbH;
Korting Hannover AG
Croll Reynolds Company, Inc.; Edwards, Ltd.; Gardner Denver,
Inc.; GEA Wiegand GmbH; Korting Hannover AG;
Schutte Koerting
Chem Process Systems; Donghwa Entec Co., Ltd.; Hangzhou
Turbine Equipment Co., Ltd.; KEMCO; Mazda (India);
Oeltechnik GmbH
Chem Process Systems; Holtec; KEMCO; Mazda (India); SPX
Heat Transfer; Thermal Engineering International
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Intellectual Property
Our success depends in part on our ability to protect our proprietary technologies. We rely on a combination of patent,
copyright, trademark, trade secret laws and contractual confidentiality provisions to establish and protect our proprietary rights. We
also depend heavily on the brand recognition of the Graham and Barber-Nichols names in the marketplace.
Availability of Raw Materials
As discussed more fully in Item 1A "Risk Factors" of this report, inflation has accelerated in the U.S. and globally due in part
to global supply chain issues, a rise in energy prices, labor shortages, and strong consumer demand as economies continue to reopen
from restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, international conflicts and other geopolitical events, including the
ongoing war between Russia and the Ukraine, have further contributed to increased supply chain costs due to shortages in raw materials,
increased costs for transportation and energy, disruptions in supply chains, and heightened inflation. The inflationary environment has
increased the cost of our raw materials and labor, which impacted our financial results, especially given that a large percentage of our
contracts are fixed-price in nature. To help mitigate this risk, we place orders for raw materials when the purchase orders are received
from the customer to lock-in raw material pricing.
Working Capital Practices
Our business does not require us to carry significant amounts of inventory or materials beyond what is needed for work in
process. We negotiate progress payments from our customers on our large projects to finance costs incurred. We do not provide rights
to return goods, or payment terms to customers that we consider to be extended in the context of the industries we serve. We do provide
for warranty claims, which historically have not had a material impact on our results of operations.
Government and Environmental Regulation
We are subject to a variety of laws, rules and regulations in numerous jurisdictions within the United States and in each of the
countries where we conduct business. We are committed to conducting our business in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and
regulations. These laws, rules and regulations cover several diverse areas including environmental matters, employee health and safety,
data and privacy protection, foreign practices, and anti-trust provisions. Compliance with governmental regulations did not have a
material impact on our financial results during fiscal 2023, and is not expected to have, a material impact on our capital expenditures,
results of operations or competitive position.
We believe that a focus on environmental stewardship is fundamental and integral to the work we do every day to serve our
customers, create value for our stockholders, and benefit our global community. We have taken steps at both our business units in
Batavia, New York and Arvada, Colorado to improve energy efficiencies and air quality and manage water consumption and waste.
These efforts are focused on reducing our impact on the environment. We have enhanced our Environmental, Social and Governance
("ESG") strategy to align with the broader transformation of our business. Our executive management team recognizes the importance
of embedding environmental and social priorities within our business operations and approved an enhanced and modernized ESG
strategy intended to drive additional progress on initiatives that promote sustainability and increase transparency. We have also
established an ESG working group, which is responsible for leading our ESG strategy and monitoring our corporate social responsibility
and environmental sustainability initiatives. We do not expect environmental costs or contingencies to be material or to have a material
adverse effect on our financial performance. Due to risks in these areas, we cannot provide assurance that we will not incur material
costs or liabilities in the future, which could adversely affect us.
Seasonality
No material part of our business is seasonal in nature. However, our energy business is highly cyclical as it depends on the
willingness of our customers to invest in major capital projects. To help mitigate this risk, we have taken steps to diversify our business
into the defense industry including the acquisition of BN. For fiscal 2023, sales to the defense industry accounted for approximately
42% of our total sales compared with approximately 25% prior to the acquisition. Conversely, sales to the refining industry, which are
more cyclical in nature, represented approximately 17% of revenue in fiscal 2023 compared with approximately 40% prior to the
acquisition.
Research and Development Activities
During fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, we spent $4,144, $3,845 and $3,367, respectively, on research and development
("R&D") activities. The majority of our R&D is funded by our customers and is specific to help solve our customers’ problems in order
to improve efficiencies, address challenging environments, or redesign for form and function. Additionally, we may be engineering new
products and services for our customers and investing to improve existing products and services.
Human Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2023, we had 538 employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.
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At Graham, we believe our most important asset is our people. We are committed to fostering and embracing a Graham
community in which employees share a mutual understanding and respect for each other. Our pledge to diversity and equality
encompasses our commitment to create a work environment which embraces inclusion regardless of race, color, religion, gender, sexual
orientation, gender identity, national origin, age, genetic information, marital status, pregnancy, childbirth, disability, veteran status,
medical conditions, or any protected status.
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Diversity: Our Management recognizes that a diverse workforce and a culture of equity and inclusion helps us compete
more effectively for talent, sustain success as a business, and build an engaged employee base. We encourage every one of
our team members to form deeper relationships with those around them based on mutual respect, dignity, and understanding.
Engagement: to encourage productive conversations within our organization, we have implemented employee surveys and
an active engagement committee.
Development: We believe that employee development is vital to our continued success, and we support the development of
our employees through programs such as our internal weld school training, our partnerships for external weld training, our
tuition assistance program, our apprenticeship program, our external partnership with community colleges, and our
management training and six sigma training classes.
Health and Safety: We are dedicated to ensuring the health and safety of our team members by supporting the whole person.
Our dedicated global health and safety function is executed through our business unit safety committees to ensure that
employees are trained and understand our best practices to create a safe and healthy workplace for all.
Corporate Governance and Available Information
We maintain a website located at www.grahamcorp.com. On our website, we provide links that contain the reports, proxy
statements and other information we file electronically with the SEC. Printed copies of all documents we file with the SEC are available
free of charge for any stockholder who makes a request. Such requests should be made to our Corporate Secretary at our corporate
headquarters. The other information found on our website is not part of this or any other report we file with, or furnish to, the SEC.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Our business and operations are subject to numerous risks, many of which are described below and elsewhere in this Form
10-K. If any of the events described below or elsewhere in this Form 10-K occur, our business and results of operations could be
harmed. Additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us, or which we currently deem to be immaterial, could
also harm our business and results of operations.
Risks Related to the Impacts of Macroeconomic Events
Disruptions or delays in our supply chains could adversely affect our results of operations and financial performance.
The raw materials that we source come from a wide variety of domestic and international suppliers. Global sourcing of many
of the products we sell is an important factor in our financial results. Reliance on our suppliers for these products exposes us to
volatility in the prices and availability of these materials. Disruptions in our supply chain, especially for an extended period of time,
could impact our ability to meet customer requirements and our financial performance could be materially and adversely impacted.
Macroeconomic impacts, including rising inflation, a slowdown in the economy, or a recession or expectation of a recession, may
result in increased costs of operations and negatively impact the credit and securities markets generally, which could have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations and the market price of our common stock.
Current and future conditions in the economy have an inherent degree of uncertainty and are impacted by political, market,
health and social events or conditions. As a result, it is difficult to estimate the level of growth or contraction for the economy as a
whole and in the specific markets in which we participate. Current economic uncertainty and market volatility, including volatility in
the banking sector, is anticipated to continue as a result of higher inflation, increased interest rates, supply chain disruptions, fluctuating
foreign currency exchange rates and other geopolitical events. An inflationary environment can increase our cost of labor, as well as
other operating costs, which may have a material and adverse impact on our financial results. In addition, economic conditions could
impact and reduce the number of customers who purchase our products or services as credit becomes more expensive or unavailable.
Although interest rates have increased and are expected to increase further, inflation may continue. Further, increased interest rates
could have a negative effect on the securities markets generally which may, in turn, have a material and adverse effect on the market
price of our common stock.
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Actual or perceived events involving banking volatility or limited liquidity, defaults or other adverse developments that affect national
or international financial systems or financial services industry companies, may result in market-wide liquidity problems which
could have a material and adverse impact on our available cash and results of operations.
At any point in time, we hold our cash and cash equivalents that we use to meet our working capital needs in deposit accounts
at various financial institutions or financial services industry companies at levels that may exceed the applicable Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insurance limits or similar government guarantee programs. While we monitor the cash balances in
our operating accounts and adjust the cash balances as appropriate, these cash balances could be impacted if the underlying financial
institution or financial services industry company fails. There is no guarantee that the FDIC, or the applicable deposit insurance, if any,
in other countries in which we conduct significant business, will provide access to all or some uninsured funds in the event of the closure,
default or non-performance of the financial institution or financial services industry company with which we have a relationship, or that
they would do so in a timely manner.
Additionally, if any parties with whom we conduct business are unable to access funds with their financial institutions or
financial services industry companies with which they have relationships, such parties may be unable to satisfy their obligations to us.
To date, we have not experienced significant losses of cash in our operating accounts or our invested cash or cash equivalents as a result
of any banking volatility; however, we can provide no assurances that access to our operating cash or invested cash and cash equivalents
will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial markets. Further, banking volatility or adverse developments impacting
financial systems may make equity or debt financing more difficult to obtain, and additional equity or debt financing might not be
available on reasonable terms, if at all. Difficulties obtaining equity or debt financing could have a material adverse effect on our
financial condition and results of operations.
Our business, financial condition and results of operations have been and may continue to be adversely affected by public health
issues, including the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
Our business, financial condition and results of operations have been and in the future may be adversely affected as a result of
a global health crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. A global health crisis could impact our employees, suppliers, customers,
financing sources or others’ ability to conduct business or negatively affect consumer and business confidence or the global economy.
A public health crisis has affected, and could affect in the future, large segments of the global economy, including the markets we
operate in, disrupting global supply chains, resulting in significant travel and transport restrictions, and creating significant disruption
of the financial markets. Economic uncertainty as a result of any global health crisis could negatively affect our business, suppliers,
distribution channels, and customers, including as a result of business shutdowns or disruptions for an indefinite period of time, reduced
operations, restrictions on shipping, fabricating or installing products, reduced consumer demand or customers’ ability to make
payments. As a result of public health crises, we may experience additional operating costs due to increased challenges with our
workforce (including as a result of illness, absenteeism or government orders), implement further precautionary measures to protect the
health of our workforce, experience increased project cancellations or projects put on hold, and reduced access to supplies, capital, and
fundamental support services (such as shipping and transportation). Any resulting financial impact from a global health crisis cannot
be fully estimated at this time, but may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
For example, due to a potential reduction in throughput capacity related to a global pandemic, such as that experienced with
the COVID-19 pandemic, we may not be able to deliver products to customers on a timely basis. Certain contracts in our backlog may
contain provisions for a buyer to recover liquidated damages if our delivery is past contractual delivery dates, and such liquidated
damages claimed by a customer could adversely affect our financial performance.
In addition, we operate and compete globally and the response to global health crises by domestic and foreign governments has
been and may be in the future varied and those differences may impact our competitiveness. There are uncertain political climates in
the regions where our subsidiaries operate, and governmental action in those regions may result in the temporary closure or limited
operations of our subsidiaries. Government assistance during a pandemic may also differ between private and public companies, which
may provide an advantage to one compared with another. This may affect our competitive position and could disrupt the market access
and success of our business compared with other current or new competitors which could have a material adverse impact on our financial
condition or results of operation.
The extent to which our operations may be impacted by any global health situation will depend largely on future
developments which are highly uncertain and we are unable to predict the ultimate impact that it may have on our business, future
results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Even while government restrictions and responses to the COVID-19 pandemic
have lessened, we may experience materially adverse impacts to our business due to any resulting supply chain disruptions, economic
recession or depression. Furthermore, the impacts of a potential worsening of global economic conditions and the continued
disruptions to and volatility in the financial markets remain unknown. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may also exacerbate
other risks discussed in this section, any of which could have a material adverse effect on us.
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Risks Related to our Business
We may experience customer concentration risk related to strategic growth for U.S. Navy projects.
During fiscal 2023, sales to the defense industry continued to grow and represented 42% of our business compared with 51%
and 25% of sales to the defense industry in fiscal 2022 and 2021, respectively. While these projects are spread across multiple contractors
for the U.S. Navy, the end customer for these projects is the same. This concentration of business could add additional risk to us should
there be a disruption, short or long term, in the funding for these projects or our participation in the U.S. Navy Nuclear Propulsion
program.
The size of our contracts with the U.S. Navy may produce volatility in short term financial results.
We believe our strategy to increase the penetration of U.S. Navy related opportunities, which are often much larger contracts
than our commercial contracts, can, on occasion, be delayed before or during the revenue recognition cycle. If we are unable to reallocate
resources to other projects, we may see an increase in volatility in our near-term financial results and may impact our ability to effectively
provide accurate investor guidance.
Efforts to reduce large U.S. federal budget deficits could result in government cutbacks or shifts in focus in defense spending or in
reduced incentives to pursue alternative energy projects, resulting in reduced demand for our products, which could harm our
business and results of operations.
Our business strategy calls for us to continue to pursue defense-related projects as well as projects for end users in the alternative
energy markets in the U.S. In recent years, the U.S. federal government has incurred large budget deficits. In the event that U.S. federal
government defense spending is reduced or alternative energy related incentives are reduced or eliminated in an effort to reduce federal
budget deficits, projects related to defense or alternative energy may decrease demand for our products. The impact of such reductions
could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations, as well as our growth opportunities.
U.S. Navy orders are subject to annual government funding. A disruption in funding or a lapse in funding could materially and
adversely impact our business.
One of our growth strategies is to increase our penetration of U.S. Navy-related opportunities. Projects for the U.S. Navy and
its contractors generally have a much longer order-to-shipment time period than our commercial orders. The time between the awarding
of an order to the completion of shipment can take three to seven years. Annual government funding is required to continue the
production of this equipment. Disruption of government funding, short or long term, could impact the ability for us to continue our
production activity on these orders. Since this business is expected to increase as a percentage of our overall business, such a disruption,
should it occur, could adversely impact the sales and profitability of our business.
In addition, the U.S. has previously experienced lapses in federal appropriations, which had, in the past, a short-term effect on
our business. Any such future lapse (each, a "Government Shutdown") could negatively affect our ability to ship finished products to
customers. We rely on federal government personnel, who are not able to perform their duties during a Government Shutdown, to
conduct routine business processes related to the inspection and delivery of our products, process export licenses for us and perform
other services for us that, when disrupted, may prevent us from timely shipping products outside the U.S. If we are unable to timely
ship our products outside the U.S., there could be a material adverse impact on our results of operations and business. Moreover, our
inability to ship products, or the perception by customers that we might not be able to timely ship our products in the future, may cause
such customers to look to foreign competitors to fulfill their demand. If our customers look to foreign competitors to source equipment
of the type we manufacture, there could be a material and adverse impact on our results of operations and business.
Our efforts to expand our U.S. Navy business and changes in the competitive environment for U.S. Navy procurement could
materially and adversely impact our ability to grow this portion of our business.
Over the past few years, we have expanded our business and the opportunities where we bid related to U.S. Navy projects.
Certain of our business expansions have relied, and in the future may rely, on awards or grants for capital expenditures related to build-
outs to support this business. If we are unable to meet the required milestone achievements for these build-outs in a timely way, we
may be exposed to penalties or other added costs.
In addition, our increased market share has caused an adverse share position for some of our competitors for these products.
Competitor response to our market penetration is possible. Our customers may also raise concerns about their supplier concentration
issues and the risk exposure related to this concentration. As the U.S. Navy is looking to expand its fleet, there is also a risk that their
facilities, their supply chain or our supply chain for raw materials, may not be able to support this expansion. This could adversely
impact our ability to grow this portion of our business. Further, the bidding process related to these U.S. Navy projects requires us to
devote a certain amount of time and resources to prepare bids and proposals and there is no assurance that we will recoup those
investments.
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Contract liabilities for large U.S. Navy contracts may be beyond our normal insurance coverage and a claim could have an adverse
impact on our financial results.
We are diligent at managing ongoing risks related to projects and the requirements of our customers. In addition, we secure
business insurance coverage to minimize the impact of a major failure or liability related to our customers. Due to certain U.S.
government procurement policies, we may take on the risk of a liability for large U.S. Navy projects in excess of our insurance coverage
and at a level which is higher than our commercial projects. A claim related to one of these projects could have an adverse impact on
our financial results.
New technology used by the ships for the U.S. Navy may delay projects and may impact our ability to grow this portion of our
business.
Certain U.S. Navy vessels are implementing new technologies, unrelated to any of the equipment that we provide. If there is
a complication or delay to any ship caused by this new technology, it may delay the procurement and fabrication of future vessels, which
could have a negative impact on our business.
Zero defect and other unfavorable provisions in government contracts, some of which are customary, may subject our business to
material limitations, restrictions and uncertainties and may have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and operating
results.
Government contracts contain provisions that provide the U.S. government with substantial rights and remedies, many of which
are not typically found in commercial contracts, including provisions that allow the U.S. government to inspect our products and
unilaterally determine whether additional work is required to be completed to remedy any deemed deficiencies; to terminate existing
contracts, in whole or in part, for any reason or no reason; unilaterally reduce or modify the government’s obligations under such
contracts without our consent; decline to exercise an option to continue a contract or exercise an option to purchase only the minimum
amount, if any, specified in a contract; take actions that result in a longer development timeline than expected; and change the course of
a program in a manner that differs from the contract’s original terms or from our desired plan.
Generally, government contracts, including our contracts with the U.S. Navy, contain provisions permitting unilateral
termination or modification, in whole or in part, at the U.S. government’s convenience. Under general principles of government
contracting law, if the U.S. government terminates a contract for convenience, the government contractor may recover only its incurred
or committed costs, settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to the termination. If the U.S. government terminates a
contract for default, the government contractor is entitled to recover costs incurred and associated profits on accepted items only and
may be liable for excess costs incurred by the government in procuring undelivered items from another source. In addition, government
contracts normally contain additional requirements that may increase our costs of doing business, reduce our profits, and expose us to
liability for failure to comply with these terms and conditions. These requirements include, for example, unilateral inspection rights and
the requirement that we complete additional work to remedy any deemed deficiency; specialized accounting systems unique to
government contracts; mandatory financial audits and potential liability for price adjustments or recoupment of government funds after
such funds have been spent; mandatory internal control systems and policies; and mandatory socioeconomic compliance requirements,
including labor standards, non-discrimination and affirmative action programs and environmental compliance requirements. If we fail
to maintain compliance with these requirements, we may be subject to potential contract liability and to termination of our government
contracts.
Furthermore, any agreements and subcontracts with third parties, including suppliers, consultants and other third-party
contractors that we enter into in order to satisfy our contractual obligations pursuant to our agreements with the U.S. government must
also be compliant with the terms of our government contract. Negotiating and entering into such arrangements can be time-consuming
and we may not be able to reach agreement with such third parties. Any delay or inability to enter into such arrangements or entering
into such arrangements in a manner that is non-compliant with the terms of our government contract, may result in violations of our
contract.
The markets we serve include the petroleum refining and petrochemical industries. These industries are both highly cyclical in
nature and dependent on the prices of crude oil and natural gas. As a result, volatility in the prices of oil and natural gas may
negatively impact our operating results.
A portion of our revenue is derived from the sale of our products to companies in the chemical, petrochemical, and petroleum
refining industries, or to firms that design and construct facilities for these industries. These industries are highly cyclical, and are
subject to the prices of crude oil and natural gas. The prices of crude oil and natural gas have historically had periods when they have
been very volatile, as evidenced by the extreme volatility in oil prices over the past few years, in part due to the COVID-19 pandemic,
the Ukraine-Russia war, and macroeconomic impacts. During times of significant volatility in the market for crude oil or natural gas,
our customers often refrain from placing orders until the market stabilizes and future demand projections are clearer. If our customers
refrain from placing orders with us, our revenue would decline and there could be a material adverse effect on our business and results
of operations. Further, our commercial customers in these markets confront competing budget priorities and may have more limited
resources for the types of products and services we provide. As a result, there may be fewer projects available for us to compete for and
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the pricing environment is anticipated to remain challenging. A sustained deterioration in any of the chemical, petrochemical, and
petroleum refining industries we serve, would materially and adversely harm our business and operating results because our customers
would not likely have the resources necessary to purchase our products, nor would they likely have the need to build additional facilities
or improve existing facilities.
The relative costs of oil, natural gas, nuclear power, hydropower and numerous forms of alternative energy production, and
transitions in consumer demand toward different types of energy, may have a material and adverse impact on our business and
operating results.
Global and regional energy supply comes from many sources, including oil, natural gas, coal, hydro, nuclear, solar, wind,
geothermal and biomass, among others. A cost or supply shift among these sources could negatively impact our business opportunities.
A demand shift, where technological advances or consumer preferences favor the utilization of one or a few sources of energy may also
impact the demand for our products. Changes in consumer demand, including some driven by governmental and political preferences,
toward electric, compressed natural gas, hydrogen vehicles and other alternative energy may impact our business. We have products
which can support certain technologies, while other technologies will not require our equipment. If demand shifts in a manner that
increases energy utilization outside of our traditional customer base or expertise, our business and financial results could be materially
adversely affected. In addition, governmental policy can affect the relative importance of various forms of energy sources. For example,
non-fossil based sources may receive government tax incentives to foster investment. If these incentives become more prominent, our
business and results of operations could suffer.
Climate change and greenhouse gas regulations may affect our customers’ investment decisions.
Due to concern over the risk of climate change, a number of countries have adopted, or are considering the adoption of,
regulatory frameworks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These restrictions may affect our customers' abilities and willingness to
invest in new facilities or to re-invest in current operations. These requirements could impact the cost of our customers’ products,
lengthen project implementation times, and reduce demand for hydrocarbons, as well as shift hydrocarbon demand toward lower-carbon
sources. Any of the foregoing could adversely impact the demand for our products, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our
business and results of operations.
Our future success may be affected by our current and future indebtedness.
Under our loan agreements, as of March 31, 2023, we had $12,500 outstanding under our term loan with Bank of America,
N.A. ("Bank of America"). We may borrow additional funds in the future to support our growth and working capital needs. Pursuant
to our loan agreements with Bank of America, we are required to provide financial information and reports while complying with other
financial covenants. On February 4, 2022, March 31, 2022 and June 7, 2022, we entered into amendment agreements with Bank of
America that placed additional restrictive covenants on the Company and increased our borrowing costs. In the future, should we be
out of compliance with our bank agreement, there can be no assurance that we would be able to obtain additional waivers or renegotiate
our credit facilities in a timely manner, on acceptable terms or at all. If we were not able to obtain a covenant waiver under our debt
facilities or renegotiate such facilities, we could be in default of such agreements, and in the event of such default our lender could
demand immediate repayment of amounts outstanding. There can be no assurance that we would have sufficient cash, or be able to
raise sufficient debt or equity capital, or divest assets, to refinance or repay such facility or facilities in the event of such demand. As a
result, the failure to obtain covenant waivers or renegotiate our facilities as described above would have a material adverse effect on us
and our ability to service our debt obligations.
Our business is highly competitive. If we are unable to successfully implement our business strategy and compete against entities
with greater resources than us or against competitors who have a relative cost advantage, we risk losing market share to current and
future competitors.
We encounter intense competition in all of our markets. Some of our present and potential competitors may have substantially
greater financial, marketing, technical or manufacturing resources. Our competitors may also be able to respond more quickly to new
technologies or processes and changes in customer demands and they may be able to devote greater resources towards the development,
promotion and sale of their products. Certain competitors may also have a cost advantage compared to us due to their geography or
changes in relative currency values and may compete against us based on price. This may affect our ability to secure new business and
maintain our level of profitability. As our markets continue to grow, and new market opportunities expand, we could see a shift in
pricing as a result of facing competitors with lower production costs, which may have a material adverse impact on our results of
operations and financial results.
In addition, our current and potential competitors may make strategic acquisitions or establish
cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties that increase their ability to address the needs of our customers.
Moreover, customer buying patterns can change if customers become more price sensitive and accepting of lower cost suppliers. If we
cannot compete successfully against current or future competitors, our business will be materially adversely affected.
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Customer focus on short-term costs versus prioritizing quality and brand recognition, could harm our business and negatively impact
our financial results.
Although we have long-term relationships with many of our customers and with many engineering, procurement and
construction companies, the project management requirements, pricing levels and costs to support each customer and customer type are
often different. Our customers have historically focused on the quality of the engineering and product solutions which we have provided
to them, which may come at a higher cost. Because our customers are unable to predict the length of the time period for the economic
viability of their plants, there has been more of a focus on relative importance of cost versus quality which looks at short-term costs
instead of total long-term cost of operations.
In addition, customers in emerging markets which are driving global demand growth may also place less emphasis on our high
quality and brand name than do customers in the U.S. and certain other industrialized countries where we compete. If we are forced to
compete for business with customers that place less emphasis on quality and brand recognition than our current customers, our results
of operations could be materially adversely affected.
A change in the structure of our markets, including through consolidation, could harm our business and negatively impact our
financial results.
There are strong and long-standing relationships throughout the supply chain between the many parties involved in serving the
end user of our products. A change in the landscape between engineering and procurement companies, original equipment suppliers,
others in the supply chain, and/or with the end users could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
These changes, or others, might occur through industry consolidations such as mergers, acquisitions or other business partnerships, and
could have a material impact on our business and negatively impact our financial results.
The loss of, or significant reduction or delay in, purchases by our largest customers could reduce our revenue and adversely affect
our results of operations.
While we may have only one or two customers that represent over 10% of revenue in any one year, a small number of customers
have accounted for a substantial portion of our historical net sales. For example, sales to our top ten customers, who can vary each year,
accounted for 46%, 42% and 63% of consolidated net sales in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. We expect that a
limited number of customers will continue to represent a substantial portion of our sales for the foreseeable future. The loss of any of
our major customers, a decrease or delay in orders or anticipated spending by such customers, or a delay in the production of existing
orders could materially adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.
Our acquisition strategy may not be successful or may increase business risk.
The success of our acquisition strategy will depend, in part, on our ability to identify suitable companies or businesses to
purchase and then successfully negotiate and close acquisition transactions. In addition, our success depends in part on our ability to
integrate acquisitions and realize the anticipated benefits from combining the acquisition with our historical business, operations and
management. We cannot provide any assurances that we will be able to complete any acquisitions and then successfully integrate the
business and operations of those acquisitions without encountering difficulties, including unanticipated costs, issues or liabilities,
difficulty in retaining customers and supplier or other relationships, failure to retain key employees, diversion of our management’s
attention, failure to integrate information and accounting systems or establish and maintain proper internal control over financial
reporting. Moreover, as part of the integration process, we must incorporate an acquisition’s existing business culture and compensation
structure with our existing business. We also need to utilize key personnel who may be distracted from the core business. If we are not
able to efficiently integrate an acquisition’s business and operations into our organization in a timely and efficient manner, or at all, the
anticipated benefits of the acquisition may not be realized, or it may take longer to realize these benefits than we currently expect, either
of which could have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations.
We have foreign operations and a percentage of our sales occur outside of the U.S. As a result, we are subject to the economic,
political, regulatory and other risks of international operations.
For fiscal 2023, 19% of our revenue was from customers located outside of the U.S. Moreover, through our subsidiaries, we
maintain a sales office in China and a sales and market development office in India. We intend to continue to expand our international
operations to the extent that suitable opportunities become available. Our foreign operations and sales could be adversely affected as a
result of:
nationalization of private enterprises and assets;
trade policies incentivizing domestic trade over international trade;
political or economic instability in certain countries and regions, such as the ongoing instability throughout the Middle East
and/or portions of the former Soviet Union;
the global economic impact as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or future global health concerns;
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political relationships between the U.S. and certain countries and regions;
differences in foreign laws, including difficulties in protecting intellectual property and uncertainty in enforcement of
contract rights;
the possibility that foreign governments may adopt regulations or take other actions that could directly or indirectly harm
our business and growth strategy;
credit risks;
currency fluctuations;
tariff and tax increases;
export and import restrictions and restrictive regulations of foreign governments;
shipping products during times of crisis or war;
our failure to comply with U.S. laws regarding doing business in foreign jurisdictions, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices
Act; or
other factors inherent in maintaining foreign operations.
Our reputation, ability to do business and financial statements may be materially and adversely impacted by improper conduct by
any of our employees, agents or business partners.
We cannot provide assurance that our internal controls and compliance systems will always protect us from acts committed by
our employees, agents or business partners (or of businesses we acquire or partner with) that would violate U.S. laws or the laws of the
applicable jurisdiction where we do business, including, among others, laws governing payments to government officials, bribery, fraud,
kickbacks and false claims, pricing, sales and marketing practices, conflicts of interest, competition, export and import compliance,
money laundering and data privacy.
In particular, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-bribery laws in other
jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the
purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Any such improper actions or allegations of such acts could damage our reputation and
subject us to civil or criminal investigations in the U.S. and in other jurisdictions and related shareholder lawsuits, if any, could lead to
substantial civil and criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties and could cause us to incur significant legal and investigatory fees.
In addition, we rely on our suppliers to adhere to our supplier standards of conduct and violations of such standards of conduct could
occur that could have a material and adverse effect on our financial statements.
The impact of potential changes in customs and trade policies and tariffs imposed by the U.S. and those imposed in response by other
countries, including China, as well as rapidly changing trade relations, could materially and adversely affect our business and results
of operations.
The U.S. government has made proposals that are intended to address trade imbalances, which include encouraging increased
production in the United States. These proposals could result in increased customs duties and the renegotiation of some U.S. trade
agreements. Changes in U.S. and foreign governments’ trade policies have resulted and may continue to result in tariffs on imports into,
and exports from, the U.S. In the past, the U.S. imposed tariffs on imports from several countries, including China, Canada, the European
Union and Mexico. In response, China, Canada and the European Union have proposed or implemented their own tariffs on certain
exports from the U.S. into those countries. Tariffs affecting our products and product components, including raw materials we use,
particularly high-end steel and steel related products, may add significant costs to us and make our products more expensive. Potential
future changes in trade policies could result in customers changing their behavior in project procurement, due to uncertainty related to
timely execution and/or import and export restrictions. As a result, our products could become less attractive to customers outside the
U.S. due to U.S. import tariffs on our raw materials and our profit margins would be negatively impacted. Accordingly, continued tariffs
may weaken relationships with certain trading partners and may adversely affect our financial performance and results of operations.
When beneficial to us, we may consider alternate sourcing options, including offshore subcontracting, in order to minimize the impact
of the tariffs. Because we conduct aspects of our business in China through our subsidiary, potential reductions in trade with China and
diminished relationships between China and the U.S., as well as the continued escalation of tariffs, could have a material adverse effect
on our business and results of operations.
The operations of our subsidiary in China may be adversely affected by China’s evolving economic, political and social conditions.
We conduct our business in China primarily through our wholly-owned subsidiary. The results of operations and future
prospects of our subsidiary in China may be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in China's political, economic and social
conditions, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in the relationship between China and its western trade partners,
changes in policies of the Chinese government, changes in laws and regulations or in the interpretation of existing laws and regulations,
changes in foreign exchange regulations, measures that may be introduced to control inflation, such as interest rate increases and changes
In addition, changes in demand could result from increased competition from local Chinese
in the rates or methods of taxation.
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manufacturers who have cost advantages or who may be preferred suppliers for Chinese end users. Also, China's commercial laws,
regulations and interpretations applicable to non-Chinese owned market participants, such as us, are continually changing. These laws,
regulations and interpretations could impose restrictions on our ownership or the operation of our interests in China and have a material
adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Intellectual property rights are difficult to enforce in China and India, which could harm our business.
Commercial law in China is relatively undeveloped compared with the commercial law in many of our other major markets
and limited protection of intellectual property is available in China as a practical matter. Similarly, proprietary information may not be
afforded the same protection in India as it is in our other major markets with more comprehensive intellectual property laws. Although
we take precautions in the operations of our subsidiaries to protect our intellectual property, any local design or manufacture of products
that we undertake could subject us to an increased risk that unauthorized parties will be able to copy or otherwise obtain or use our
intellectual property, which could harm our business. We may also have limited legal recourse in the event we encounter patent or
trademark infringers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Uncertainties with respect to the legal system in China may adversely affect the operations of our subsidiary in that country.
Our subsidiary in China is subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China. There are uncertainties
regarding the interpretation and enforcement of laws, rules and policies in China. The legal system in China is based on written statutes,
and prior court decisions have limited precedential value. Because many laws and regulations are relatively new and the Chinese legal
system is still evolving, the interpretations of many laws, regulations and rules are not always uniform. Moreover, the relative
inexperience of China's judiciary in many cases creates additional uncertainty as to the outcome of any litigation, and the interpretation
of statutes and regulations may be subject to government policies reflecting domestic political agendas. Finally, enforcement of existing
laws or contracts based on existing law may be uncertain and sporadic. For the preceding reasons, it may be difficult for us to obtain
timely or equitable enforcement of laws ostensibly designed to protect companies like ours, which could have a material adverse effect
on our business and results of operations.
Regulation of foreign investment in India may adversely affect the operations of our Indian subsidiary.
Our subsidiary in India is subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in India. India regulates ownership
of Indian companies by foreign entities. These regulations may apply to our funding of our Indian operating subsidiary. For example,
the government of India has set out criteria for foreign investments in India, including requirements with respect to downstream
investments by companies in India which are owned or controlled by foreign entities and the transfer of ownership or control of
companies in India in certain industries. These requirements may adversely affect our ability to operate our Indian subsidiary. There
can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain any required approvals for future acquisitions, investments or operations in India, or
that we will be able to obtain such approvals on satisfactory terms.
Changes in U.S. and foreign energy policy regulations could adversely affect our business.
Energy policy in the U.S. and other countries where we sell our products is evolving rapidly and we anticipate that energy
policy will continue to be an important legislative priority in the jurisdictions where we sell our products. It is difficult, if not impossible,
to predict the changes in energy policy that could occur, as they may be related to changes in political administration, public policy or
other factors. The elimination of, or a change in, any of the current rules and regulations in any of our markets could create a regulatory
environment that makes our end users less likely to purchase our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Government subsidies or taxes, which favor or disfavor certain energy sources compared with others, could have a material adverse
effect on our business and operating results.
Near-term income statement impact from competitive contracts could adversely affect our operating results.
During weaker market periods, we may choose to be more aggressive in pricing certain competitive projects to protect or gain
market share or to increase the utilization of our facilities. In these situations, it is possible that an incrementally profitable order, while
increasing contribution, may be unprofitable from an accounting perspective when including fixed manufacturing costs.
In these
situations, we are required to recognize the financial loss at the time of order acceptance, or as soon as our cost estimates are updated,
whichever occurs first. It is possible we may accumulate losses either on a large project or more than one project such that, in a short
time period, for example a reporting quarter, these losses may have a meaningful impact on the earnings for that period.
Our operating results could be adversely affected by customer contract cancellations and delays.
Adverse economic or specific project conditions can lead to a project being placed on hold or cancelled by our customers. We
had one project cancelled in fiscal 2023 and no projects cancelled in fiscal 2022 or fiscal 2021. We had no projects on hold at March
31, 2023. As further discussed in Item 7 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K - Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations, on April 4, 2023, Virgin Orbit Holdings, Inc. ("Virgin Orbit") commenced voluntary
proceedings under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code ("Chapter 11 Bankruptcy"). As a result, we reversed approximately $4,000
of purchase orders and recorded approximately $2,500 of reserves for inventory and accounts receivable during fiscal 2023 related to
Virgin Orbit, net of associated performance-based compensation. As of March 31, 2023, we estimate that we have approximately $1,000
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to $2,000 of additional exposure related to Virgin Orbit depending on the outcome of the bankruptcy proceedings, but currently do not
expect any material financial impact to fiscal 2024 results.
We attempt to mitigate the risk of cancellation by structuring contracts with our customers to maximize the likelihood that
progress payments made to us for individual projects cover the costs we have incurred. As a result, we do not believe we have a
significant cash exposure to projects which may be cancelled. Open orders are reviewed continuously through communications with
If it becomes evident to us that a project is delayed well beyond its original shipment date, management will move the
customers.
project into "placed on hold" (i.e., suspended) category. Furthermore, if a project is cancelled by our customer, it is removed from our
backlog.
The value of our backlog as of March 31, 2023 was $301,734. Our backlog can be significantly affected by the timing of large
orders. The amount of our backlog at March 31, 2023 is not necessarily indicative of future backlog levels or the rate at which our
backlog will be recognized as sales. Although historically the amount of modifications and terminations of our orders has not been
material compared with our total contract volume, customers can, and sometimes do, terminate or modify their orders. This generally
occurs more often in times of end market or capital market turmoil. We cannot predict whether cancellations will occur or accelerate in
the future. Although certain of our contracts in backlog may contain provisions allowing for us to assess cancellation charges to our
customers to compensate us for costs incurred on cancelled contracts, cancellations of purchase orders or modifications made to existing
contracts could substantially and materially reduce our backlog and, consequently, our future sales and results of operations. Moreover,
delay of contract execution by our customers can result in volatility in our operating results.
Our current backlog contains a number of large orders from the U.S. Navy. In addition, we are continuing to pursue business
in this end market which offers large multi-year projects which have an added risk profile beyond that of our historic customer base. A
delay, long-term extension or cancellation of any of these projects could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of
operations.
Further, certain defense contracts we secure may be designated a program of highest national priority requiring production
preference over commercial orders which could impact our commercial backlog and result in production delays. As a result, commercial
customers could seek damages, including liquidated damages, as performance penalties and there may be a negative impact to the
willingness of customers to place future orders with us due to a concern that orders may be subordinated to such contracts.
Our customers’ ability and willingness to make progress payments may be impacted by any extended downturn in their markets
which could adversely impact their financial stability and increase the risk to us of uncollectable accounts receivables.
The financial strength of our customers can be impacted by a severe or lengthy downturn in their markets which could lead to
additional risk in our ability to collect outstanding accounts receivables. We attempt to mitigate this risk with the utilization of progress
payments for many projects, but certain industries, end markets and geographies are not as willing to make progress payments. Certain
projects require a small portion of the total payments to be held until the customer's facility is fully operational, which can be in excess
of one year beyond our delivery of equipment to them. This additional time may add risk to our ability to collect on the outstanding
accounts receivables.
Our exposure to fixed-price contracts and the timely completion of such contracts could negatively impact our results of operations.
A substantial portion of our sales is derived from fixed-price contracts, which may involve long-term fixed-price commitments
by us to our customers. While we believe our contract management processes are strong, we nevertheless could experience difficulties
in executing large contracts, including but not limited to, estimating errors, cost overruns, supplier failures and customer disputes. For
example, in fiscal 2022, we experienced material cost overruns related to defense contracts at our Batavia, NY facility. To the extent
that any of our fixed-price contracts are delayed, our subcontractors fail to perform, contract counterparties successfully assert claims
against us, the original cost estimates in these or other contracts prove to be inaccurate or the contracts do not permit us to pass increased
costs on to our customers, our profitability may decrease or losses may be incurred which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect
on our business and results of operations. For our U.S. Navy projects, these fixed-priced contracts have order to shipment periods which
can exceed five years. This additional time-based risk, which we believe is manageable, nevertheless increases the likelihood of cost
fluctuation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operation.
We may experience losses if we are unable to collect on our accounts receivables if our customers are unable or unwilling to pay
their invoices in a timely manner or at all.
Our customers, even those we have had a long-standing business relationship with, may at any time, experience economic
hardship which could cause those customers to be unwilling or unable to pay their invoices in a timely manner or at all. In addition, a
number of our customers may have limited resources and may not have a history of creditworthiness that we can audit to determine
reliability for payment of accounts receivable. For example, many of our customers and the key players within the space industry have
not yet achieved profitability, have incurred significant losses since inception, and may be unable to achieve profitability when expected,
if at all, similar to Virgin Orbit as discussed above. As such, our ability to predict and plan for future revenue and operations within the
space industry is subject to risk. Due to the variable nature of sales and orders within the space industry our future revenue and growth
in the space industry is uncertain and may materially and adversely impact our results of operations.
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To the extent a company is unable or unwilling to fulfill their obligations to us it could result in a material and adverse impact
to our results of operations. Even if they are financially solvent and stable and we are successful in securing a commercial relationship
with them, their business plans for future programs may be inherently uncertain and unpredictable, and less structured than other
companies. If any of our customers suffers significant financial difficulties, insolvency or bankruptcy, they may be unable to pay us in
a timely manner or at all. It is also possible that our customers may contest their obligations to pay us, including under bankruptcy laws
or otherwise. Even if our customers do not contest their obligations to pay us, if our customers are unable to pay us in a timely manner,
it could materially and adversely impact our ability to collect accounts receivable. Moreover, we may have to negotiate significant
discounts and/or extended financing terms with these customers in such a situation in an attempt to secure outstanding payments or
partial payment. Accordingly, if we are unable to collect upon our accounts receivable as they come due in an efficient and timely
manner, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
Given our size and specialization of our business, if we lose any member of our management team and we experience difficulty in
finding a qualified replacement, our business could be harmed.
Competition for qualified management and key technical and sales personnel in our industry is intense. Moreover, our
technology is highly specialized, and it may be difficult to replace the loss of any of our key technical and sales personnel. Many of the
companies with which we compete for management and key technical and sales personnel have greater financial and other resources
than we do or are located in geographic areas which may be considered by some to be more desirable places to live. If we are not able
to retain any of our key management, technical or sales personnel, it could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of
operations.
We rely on the performance of highly skilled personnel, including our engineering, production and technology professionals; if we
are unable to retain or motivate key personnel or hire, retain and motivate qualified personnel, our business could be harmed.
We believe our success has depended, and continues to depend, on the efforts and talents of our highly skilled work force,
including our specialized engineers, machinists, and welders. Our ability to successfully pursue our growth strategy and compete
effectively depends on our ability to attract, motivate and retain our personnel. Competition for well-qualified employees in all aspects
of our business, including our skilled production workers such as welders, machinists, and engineers, is intense, and it may be even
more challenging to retain qualified personnel as many companies have moved to offer a remote or hybrid work environment, and
considering the current period of heightened employee attrition in the United States and other countries. In response to competition,
rising inflation rates and labor shortages, we may need to adjust employee compensation, which could affect our operating costs and
margins, as well as potentially cause dilution to existing stockholders. We may also lose new employees to our competitors in any of
our markets before we realize the benefit of our investment in recruiting and training them. If we do not succeed in attracting well-
qualified employees or retaining and motivating existing employees, our business would be materially and adversely affected.
If we become subject to product liability, warranty or other claims, our results of operations and financial condition could be
adversely affected.
The manufacture and sale of our products exposes us to potential product liability claims, including those that may arise from
failure to meet product specifications, misuse or malfunction of our products, design flaws in our products, or use of our products with
systems not manufactured or sold by us. For example, our equipment is installed in facilities that operate dangerous processes and the
misapplication, improper installation or failure of our equipment may result in exposure to potentially hazardous substances, personal
injury or property damage. In addition, BN produces certain products in large quantities which could also expose us to potential product
warranty and liability claims.
Provisions contained in our contracts with customers that attempt to limit our damages may not be enforceable or may fail to
protect us from liability for damages and we may not negotiate such contractual limitations of liability in certain circumstances. Our
insurance may not cover all liabilities and our historical experience may not reflect liabilities we may face in the future. Our risk of
liability may increase as we manufacture more complex or larger projects. We also may not be able to continue to maintain such
insurance at a reasonable cost or on reasonable terms, or at all. Any material liability not covered by provisions in our contracts or by
insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
Furthermore, if a customer suffers damage as a result of an event related to one of our products, even if we are not at fault, they
may reduce their business with us. We may also incur significant warranty claims which are not covered by insurance. In the event a
customer ceases doing business with us as a result of a product malfunction or defect, perceived or actual, or if we incur significant
warranty costs in the future, there could be a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
If third parties infringe upon our intellectual property or if we were to infringe upon the intellectual property of third parties, we
may expend significant resources enforcing or defending our rights or suffer competitive injury.
Our success depends in part on our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, trade
secret laws and confidentiality provisions to establish and protect our proprietary rights. If we fail to successfully enforce our intellectual
property rights, our competitive position could suffer. We may also be required to spend significant resources to monitor and police our
intellectual property rights. Similarly, if we were found to have infringed upon the intellectual property rights of others, our competitive
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position could suffer. Furthermore, other companies may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technologies, duplicate
or reverse engineer our technologies or design around our proprietary technologies. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse
effect on our business and results of operations.
In some instances, litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights and protect our proprietary information,
or to defend against claims by third parties that our products infringe upon their intellectual property rights. Any litigation or claims
brought by or against us, whether with or without merit, could result in substantial costs to us and divert the attention of our management,
which could materially harm our business and results of operations. In addition, any intellectual property litigation or claims against us
could result in the loss or compromise of our intellectual property and proprietary rights, subject us to significant liabilities, require us
to seek licenses on unfavorable terms, prevent us from manufacturing or selling certain products or require us to redesign certain
products, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We are subject to foreign currency fluctuations which may adversely affect our operating results.
We are exposed to the risk of currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the currencies of the countries in which we sell
our products to the extent that such sales are not based in U.S. dollars - primarily the Chinese RMB and India INR. Currency movements
can affect sales in several ways, the foremost being our ability to compete for orders against foreign competitors that base their prices
on relatively weaker currencies. Strength of the U.S. dollar compared with the Euro, India, or Asian currencies may put us in a less
competitive position. Business lost due to competition for orders against competitors using a relatively weaker currency cannot be
quantified. In addition, cash can be adversely impacted by the conversion of sales made by us in a foreign currency to U.S. dollars.
While we may enter into currency exchange rate hedges from time to time to mitigate these types of fluctuations, we cannot remove all
fluctuations or hedge all exposures and our earnings could be adversely impacted by changes in currency exchange rates. In addition,
if the counter-parties to such exchange contracts do not fulfill their obligations to deliver the contractual foreign currencies, we could
be at risk for fluctuations, if any, required to settle the obligation. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business and results
of operations. At March 31, 2023, we held no forward foreign currency exchange contracts.
Security threats and other sophisticated computer intrusions could harm our information systems, which in turn could harm our
business and financial results.
We utilize information systems and computer technology throughout our business. We store sensitive data, proprietary
information and perform engineering designs and calculations on these systems. Threats to these systems, and the laws and regulations
governing security of data, including personal data, on information systems and otherwise held by companies is evolving and adding
layers of complexity in the form of new requirements and increasing costs of attempting to protect information systems and data and
complying with new cybersecurity regulations. Information systems are subject to numerous and evolving cybersecurity threats and
sophisticated computer crimes, which pose a risk to the stability and security of our information systems, computer technology, and
business. Global cybersecurity threats can range from uncoordinated individual attempts to gain unauthorized access to our information
systems and computer technology to sophisticated and targeted measures known as advanced persistent threats and ransomware. The
techniques used in these attacks change frequently and may be difficult to detect for periods of time and we may face difficulties in
anticipating and implementing adequate preventative measures. The potential consequences of a material cybersecurity incident and its
effects include financial loss, reputational damage, litigation with third parties, theft of intellectual property, fines levied by the Federal
Trade Commission or other government agencies, diminution in the value of our investment in research, development and engineering,
and increased cybersecurity protection and remediation costs due to the increasing sophistication and proliferation of threats, which in
turn could adversely affect our competitiveness and results of operations. A failure or breach in security could expose our company as
well as our customers and suppliers to risks of misuse of information, compromising confidential information and technology,
destruction of data, production disruptions, ransom payments, and other business risks which could damage our reputation, competitive
position and financial results of our operations. Further, our technology resources may be strained due to an increase in the number of
remote users. Cybersecurity laws and regulations continue to evolve, and are increasingly demanding, both in the U.S. and globally,
which adds compliance complexity and may increase our costs of compliance and expose us to reputational damage or litigation,
monetary damages, regulatory enforcement actions, or fines in one or more jurisdictions. While we carry cyber insurance, we cannot
be certain that our coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on
economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim.
In addition, defending
ourselves against these threats may increase costs or slow operational efficiencies of our business. If any of the foregoing were to occur,
it could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Our enterprise resource planning system utilized at our facilities in Batavia, N.Y. is aging, and we may experience issues from
implementation of a new enterprise resource planning system.
We have an enterprise resource planning system ("ERP") to assist with the collection, storage, management and interpretation
of data from our business activities to support future growth and to integrate significant processes. Our ERP at our Batavia, N.Y.
operations is aging and we expect to begin implementing a new ERP during fiscal 2024. ERP implementations are complex, distracting
to the business and management, and time-consuming and involve substantial expenditures on system software and implementation
activities, as well as changes in business processes. Our ERP is critical to our ability to accurately maintain books and records, record
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transactions, provide important information to our management and prepare our consolidated financial statements. ERP implementations
also require the transformation of business and financial processes in order to reap the benefits of the new ERP; any such transformation
involves risks inherent in the conversion to a new computer system, including loss of information and potential disruption to our normal
operations. Any disruptions, delays or deficiencies in the design and implementation of a new ERP could adversely affect our ability to
process orders, provide services and customer support, send invoices and track payments, fulfill contractual obligations or otherwise
operate our business. Additionally, if the ERP does not operate as intended, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting could be adversely affected or our ability to assess it adequately could be delayed. Further, we may not realize the benefits
we anticipate should all or part of the ERP upgrade implementation process prove to be ineffective. Accordingly, such events may
disrupt or reduce the efficiency of our entire operations and have a material adverse effect on our operating results and cash flows.
We face potential liability from asbestos exposure and similar claims that could result in substantial costs to us as well as divert
attention of our management, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We are a defendant in a number of lawsuits alleging illnesses from exposure to asbestos or asbestos-containing products and
seeking unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. We cannot predict with certainty the outcome of these lawsuits or whether
we could become subject to any similar, related or additional lawsuits in the future. In addition, because some of our products are used
in systems that handle toxic or hazardous substances, any failure or alleged failure of our products in the future could result in litigation
against us. For example, a claim could be made under various regulations for the adverse consequences of environmental contamination.
Any litigation brought against us, whether with or without merit, could result in substantial costs to us as well as divert the attention of
our management, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Many of our large international customers are nationalized or state-owned businesses. Any failure to comply with the United States
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act could adversely impact our competitive position and subject us to penalties and other adverse
consequences, which could harm our business and results of operations.
We are subject to the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA"), which generally prohibits U.S. companies from
engaging in bribery or making other prohibited payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Recent
years have seen a substantial increase in the global enforcement of anti-corruption laws, with more frequent voluntary self-disclosures
by companies, aggressive investigations and enforcement proceedings by both the Department of Justice and the Securities and
Exchange Commission resulting in record fines and penalties, increased enforcement activity by non-U.S. regulators, and increases in
criminal and civil proceedings brought against companies and individuals. Many foreign companies, including some of our competitors,
are not subject to these prohibitions. Corruption, extortion, bribery, pay-offs, theft and other fraudulent practices occur from time-to-
time in certain of the jurisdictions in which we may operate or sell our products. We strictly prohibit our employees and agents from
engaging in such conduct and have established procedures, controls and training to prevent such conduct from occurring. However, we
operate in many parts of the world that are recognized as having governmental corruption problems to some degree and where strict
compliance with anti-corruption laws may conflict with local customs and practices, and it is possible that our employees or agents will
engage in such conduct and that we might be held responsible. Despite our training and compliance programs, we cannot assure you
that our internal control policies and procedures always will protect us from unauthorized reckless or criminal acts committed by our
employees or agents. In the event that we believe or have reason to believe that our employees or agents have or may have violated
applicable anti-corruption laws, including the FCPA, we may be required to investigate or have outside counsel investigate the relevant
facts and circumstances, which can be expensive and require significant time and attention from senior management. If our employees
or other agents are alleged or are found to have engaged in such practices, we could incur significant costs and suffer severe penalties
or other consequences that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The terms of our loan agreement restrict our ability to pay dividends, and we may not be able to pay dividends in the future.
Our loan agreement with Bank of America contains terms that restrict our ability to declare or pay dividends. Any
determination by our Board of Directors regarding dividends in the future will depend on a variety of factors, including our future
financial performance, organic growth opportunities, general economic conditions and financial, competitive, regulatory, and other
factors, many of which are beyond our control. There can be no guarantee that we will pay dividends in the future.
Provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could impair or delay stockholders' ability to change our
management and could discourage takeover transactions that some stockholders might consider to be in their best interests.
Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could impede attempts by our stockholders to remove or replace our
management and could discourage others from initiating a potential merger, takeover or other change of control transaction, including
a potential transaction at a premium over the market price of our common stock, that our stockholders might consider to be in their best
interests. Such provisions include:
•
We could issue shares of preferred stock with terms adverse to our common stock. Under our certificate of incorporation,
our Board of Directors is authorized to issue shares of preferred stock and to determine the rights, preferences and privileges
of such shares without obtaining any further approval from the holders of our common stock. We could issue shares of
19
•
•
•
•
•
preferred stock with voting and conversion rights that adversely affect the voting power of the holders of our common stock,
or that have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company.
Only a minority of our directors may be elected in a given year. Our bylaws provide for a classified Board of Directors,
with only approximately one-third of our Board elected each year. This provision makes it more difficult to effect a change
of control because at least two annual stockholder meetings are necessary to replace a majority of our directors.
Our bylaws contain advance notice requirements. Our bylaws also provide that any stockholder who wishes to bring
business before an annual meeting of our stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at an annual
meeting of our stockholders must deliver advance notice of their proposals to us before the meeting. Such advance notice
provisions may have the effect of making it more difficult to introduce business at stockholder meetings or nominate
candidates for election as director.
Our certificate of incorporation requires supermajority voting to approve a change of control transaction. Seventy-five
percent of our outstanding shares entitled to vote are required to approve any merger, consolidation, sale of all or
substantially all of our assets and similar transactions if the other party to such transaction owns 5% or more of our shares
entitled to vote. In addition, a majority of the shares entitled to vote not owned by such 5% or greater stockholder are also
required to approve any such transaction.
Amendments to our certificate of incorporation require supermajority voting. Our certificate of incorporation contains
provisions that make its amendment require the affirmative vote of both 75% of our outstanding shares entitled to vote and
a majority of the shares entitled to vote not owned by any person who may hold 50% or more of our shares unless the
proposed amendment was previously recommended to our stockholders by an affirmative vote of 75% of our Board. This
provision makes it more difficult to implement a change to our certificate of incorporation that stockholders might otherwise
consider to be in their best interests without approval of our Board.
Amendments to our bylaws require supermajority voting. Although our Board of Directors is permitted to amend our
bylaws at any time, our stockholders may only amend our bylaws upon the affirmative vote of both 75% of our outstanding
shares entitled to vote and a majority of the shares entitled to vote not owned by any person who owns 50% or more of our
shares. This provision makes it more difficult for our stockholders to implement a change they may consider to be in their
best interests without approval of our Board.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
Item 2. Properties
Our corporate headquarters, located at 20 Florence Avenue, Batavia, New York, consists of a 43,000 square foot office building.
Our manufacturing campus located in Batavia, New York, consists of approximately 270,000 square feet in capacity across several
buildings, including 208,000 square feet in manufacturing facilities, 56,000 square feet for warehousing and a 6,000 square foot building
for product research and development, all of which we own. Our BN operation is located in Arvada, Colorado and its campus consists
of approximately 101,000 square feet in capacity across several buildings, including 79,000 square feet in manufacturing facilities,
18,000 square feet of office space and 4,000 square feet for warehousing, all of which are leased. We also lease approximately 1,500
square feet for a sales office in Houston, Texas and GVHTT leases a 4,900 square foot sales and engineering office in Suzhou, China.
GIPL serves as a sales and market development office and leases approximately 800 square feet in Ahmedabad, India.
We believe that our properties are generally in good condition, are well maintained, and are suitable and adequate to carry on
our business. However, we anticipate that additional manufacturing space will be needed over the next several years in order to support
growth at both BN and Graham Mfg., and we believe we will be able to obtain or build additional space on commercially reasonable
terms.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
The information required by this Item 3 is contained in Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of
Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
20
PART II
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock is traded on the NYSE exchange under the symbol "GHM". As of June 2, 2023, there were 10,676 shares
of our common stock outstanding held by approximately 289 stockholders of record.
Subject to the rights of any preferred stock we may then have outstanding, the holders of our common stock are entitled to
receive dividends as may be declared from time to time by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available for the payment of
dividends. In fiscal 2022, we suspended our dividend in accordance with the terms of our credit agreement with Bank of America. Any
future determination by our Board of Directors regarding dividends will depend on a variety of factors, including our compliance with
the terms of the credit agreement, organic growth opportunities, future financial performance, general economic conditions and financial,
competitive, regulatory, and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. There can be no guarantee that we will pay dividends
in the future. More information regarding our loan agreement can be found in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included
in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 6. Reserved
21
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Overview
We are a global leader in the design and manufacture of mission critical fluid, power, heat transfer and vacuum technologies
for the defense, space, energy and process industries. We design and manufacture custom-engineered vacuum, heat transfer, pump and
turbomachinery technologies. For the defense industry, our equipment is used in nuclear and non-nuclear propulsion, power, fluid
transfer, and thermal management systems. For the space industry our equipment is used in propulsion, power and energy management
systems and for life support systems. We supply equipment for vacuum, heat transfer and fluid transfer applications used in energy and
new energy markets including oil refining, cogeneration, and multiple alternative and clean power applications including hydrogen. For
the chemical and petrochemical industries, our heat transfer equipment is used in fertilizer, ethylene, methanol and downstream chemical
facilities.
Our brands are built upon engineering expertise and close customer collaboration to design, develop, and produce mission
critical equipment and systems that enable our customers to meet their economic and operational objectives. Continual improvement
of our processes and systems to ensure qualified and compliant equipment are hallmarks of our brand. Our early engagement with
customers and support until the end of service life are values upon which our brands are built.
Our corporate headquarters is located with our production facilities in Batavia, New York, where surface condensers and
ejectors are designed, engineered, and manufactured. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Barber-Nichols, LLC ("BN"), based in Arvada,
Colorado, designs, develops and manufactures specialty turbomachinery products for the aerospace, cryogenic, defense and energy
markets (see "Acquisition" below). We also have wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries, Graham Vacuum and Heat Transfer Technology
Co., Ltd. ("GVHTT"), located in Suzhou, China and Graham India Private Limited ("GIPL"), located in Ahmedabad, India. GVHTT
provides sales and engineering support for us in the People's Republic of China and management oversight throughout Southeast Asia.
GIPL serves as a sales and market development office focusing on the refining, petrochemical and fertilizer markets in India and the
Middle East.
This management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations omits a comparative discussion
regarding the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 versus the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021. Such information is located in Item 7 –
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2022.
Our fiscal year ends on March 31 of each year. We refer to our fiscal year, which ended March 31, 2023, as fiscal 2023.
Likewise, we refer to our fiscal years that ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, as fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.
Acquisition
We completed the acquisition of BN on June 1, 2021, which changed the composition of our end market mix. For fiscal 2023,
sales to the defense and space industries were 55% of our business compared with approximately 25% of sales prior to the acquisition.
The remaining 45% of our fiscal 2023 sales came from the refining, chemical/petrochemical and other commercial markets. These
markets represented approximately 75% of our sales prior to the acquisition.
The BN transaction was accounted for as a business combination, which requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed
be recognized at their fair value as of the acquisition date. The purchase price of $72,014 was comprised of 610 shares of common
stock, representing a value of $8,964 at $14.69 per share, and cash consideration of $61,150. The cash consideration was funded through
cash on-hand and debt proceeds (See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report
on Form 10-K). The purchase agreement also included a contingent earn-out dependent upon certain financial measures of BN post-
acquisition, pursuant to which the sellers were eligible to receive up to $14,000 in additional cash consideration. At June 30, 2021, a
In the second quarter of the fiscal 2022, the earn-out agreement was
liability of $1,900 was recorded for the contingent earn-out.
terminated and the contingent liability was reversed into other operating (income) expense, net, on our Consolidated Statement of
Operations. In connection with the termination of this earn-out agreement, we entered into a Performance Bonus Agreement (the "Bonus
Agreement") to provide employees of BN with cash performance-based awards based on the achievement of BN performance objectives
for fiscal years ending March 31, 2024, 2025, and 2026 and can range between $2,000 to $4,000 per year.
22
Key Results
Key results for fiscal 2023 include the following:
Net sales of $157,118 for fiscal 2023 increased $34,304 or 28% over the prior year period across our diversified revenue base.
Approximately $8,900 of this increase was due to having two less months of BN results in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2023.
Net sales also benefitted from strong growth in aftermarket sales to the refining and petrochemical markets of approximately
$5,000 in comparison to the prior year, as well as growth in our commercial space market, which was driven by newly awarded
programs with several key industry players. Additionally, our defense market sales benefitted from improved execution and
pricing in fiscal 2023 versus fiscal 2022.
On April 4, 2023, Virgin Orbit Holdings, Inc. ("Virgin Orbit") commenced voluntary proceedings under Chapter 11 of the U.S.
Bankruptcy Code ("Chapter 11 Bankruptcy"). As a result, we recorded reserves of approximately $2,500 for accounts receivable
and inventory related to Virgin Orbit during fiscal 2023, net of associated performance-based compensation, and reversed
approximately $4,000 of purchase orders. During fiscal 2023, approximately $5,300 of space revenue and $3,000 of space orders
related to Virgin Orbit. As of March 31, 2023, we have $0 included in backlog related to Virgin Orbit. As of March 31, 2023,
we estimate that we have approximately $1,000 to $2,000 of additional exposure related to Virgin Orbit depending on the outcome
of the bankruptcy proceedings, but currently do not expect any material financial impact to fiscal 2024 results.
Results for fiscal 2022 included the impact of first article U.S. Navy project labor and material cost overruns due to our strategic
decision to take on additional costs in order to meet our customer's delivery schedules. We estimate that these strategic decisions
for first article projects impacted our results in fiscal 2022 by over $10,000. In fiscal 2023, we completed four first article U.S.
Navy projects, which were the source of many of the losses in fiscal 2022, and remain on schedule to complete the remaining two
first article projects by the end of the second quarter of our fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 ("fiscal 2024").
Net income and net income per diluted share for fiscal 2023 were $367 and $0.03 per share, respectively, compared with a loss of
$8,773 and $0.83 per share, respectively, for fiscal 2022. This increase over the prior year was driven by our higher sales, an
improved mix of sales related to higher margin projects (commercial space and aftermarket), improved execution, especially on
our strategic U.S. Navy programs which resulted in losses in fiscal 2022, and strong cost discipline partially offset by the Virgin
Orbit reserves discussed above.
Adjusted net income and adjusted net income per diluted share for fiscal 2023 were $2,519 and $0.24 per share, respectively,
compared with an adjusted loss and adjusted loss per diluted share of $6,582 and $0.62 per share, respectively, for fiscal 2022.
See "Non-GAAP Measures" below for important information about these measures and a reconciliation of adjusted net income
(loss) and adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share to the comparable GAAP amount.
Orders booked in fiscal 2023 were $202,686 compared to $143,875 in fiscal 2022 and were 129% of sales during fiscal 2023.
This increase was primarily due to a $53,499 increase in defense orders and was primarily from repeat orders in strategic U.S.
Navy programs. We believe these repeat orders validate the investments we made, our position as a key supplier to the defense
industry, and our customer’s confidence in our execution. Fiscal 2023 orders were also strong to the refining and petrochemical
aftermarket, which increased 34% over the prior year, but were partially offset by lower large capital investment projects by our
refining and petrochemical customers. Fiscal 2023 orders also benefitted from newly awarded programs with several key
commercial space and new energy customers. For additional information see "Orders and Backlog" below.
Backlog was $301,734 at March 31, 2023, compared with $256,537 at March 31, 2022. This 18% increase was primarily due to
the growth in orders received during 2023 in the defense and new energy markets. Approximately 81% of our backlog at March
31, 2023 was to the defense industry, which we believe provides stability and visibility to our business. For additional information
see "Orders and Backlog" below.
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2023 was $18,257, compared with $14,741 at March 31, 2022. This increase was primarily
due to cash provided by operating activities of $13,914, partially offset by net repayment of debt of $6,000 and $3,749 of capital
expenditures as we began to invest in longer-term growth opportunities. Cash provided by operating activities includes
approximately $13,000 of customer deposits received for material purchases on a long-term U.S. Navy defense contracts that will
be paid over the next twelve months as materials are received. These cash receipts were partially offset by an increase in working
capital, in particular unbilled revenue, which is expected to generate positive cash flow in fiscal 2024.
In fiscal 2023, we did not pay dividends to shareholders compared with $3,523 of dividends paid in fiscal 2022. In the fourth
quarter of fiscal 2022, we suspended our dividend in accordance with the terms of our credit agreement with Bank of America.
There can be no guarantee that we will pay dividends in the future, and any determination by our board of directors with respect
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
23
to dividends will depend on a variety of factors, including our future financial performance, organic growth and acquisition
opportunities, general economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
•
At March 31, 2023, we had $0 outstanding on our line of credit and $10,016 available to be drawn under our line of credit subject
to financial covenants under our credit facility. We believe cash flow from operations, availability under our line of credit, along
with our cash balances, provide us adequate financial flexibility to meet our obligations. As of March 31, 2023, our bank leverage
ratio calculated in accordance with our amended credit agreement was 2.1x and we were in compliance with all financial covenants
of that agreement. For additional information see "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below.
Current Market Conditions
Demand for our equipment and systems for the defense industry is expected to remain strong and continue to expand, based on
our significant backlog, improved execution, long-standing relationship with the U.S. Navy, the strategic programs we are qualified on,
the projected procurement of submarines, aircraft carriers and undersea propulsion and power systems and the solutions we provide. In
addition to U.S. Navy applications, we also provide specialty pumps, turbines, compressors and controllers for various fluid and thermal
management systems used in Department of Defense radar, laser, electronics and power systems. We have built a leading position, and
in some instances a sole source position, for certain systems and equipment for the defense industry.
Our traditional energy markets are undergoing significant transition. While we expect that fossil fuels will continue to be an
important component in the global energy industry for many years to come, there are significant changes in the priorities for capital
investments by our customers and the regions in which those investments are being made. We expect that the changes in the energy
markets, which are influenced by conservation and the increasing use of alternative fuels, will lead to demand growth for fossil-based
fuels that is less than the global growth rate. Currently, opportunities in the energy markets outside North America have been greater
than opportunities inside of North America, but opportunities outside of North America are highly competitive and pricing is
challenging. In those instances, we have been selective in the opportunities we have pursued in order to ensure we receive the proper
returns. Over the long-term, we anticipate that future investment by refiners in renewable fuels (e.g., renewable diesel), in existing
refineries (e.g., to expand feedstock processing flexibility and to improve conversion of oil to refined products) to gain greater
throughput, or to build new capacity (e.g., integrated refineries with petrochemical products capabilities), will continue to drive demand
for our products and services. The timing and catalyst for a recovery in these markets (crude oil refining and chemical/petrochemical)
remains uncertain. Accordingly, we believe that in the near term the quantity of projects available for us to compete for will remain low
and that new project pricing will remain challenging.
Of note, during fiscal 2023, we have experienced an increase in our aftermarket orders to the refining and petrochemical
markets, primarily from the domestic market. Aftermarket orders have historically been a leading indicator of future capital investment
by our customers in their facilities for upgrades and expansions. As such, we believe there is the possibility of a cyclical upturn following
several years of reduced capital spending in a low oil price environment. Additionally, the financial performance of some of our larger
energy customers improved during fiscal 2023, which may provide funding for capital spending. However, we do not expect the next
cycle to be as robust as years past due to the factors discussed above.
The alternative and clean energy opportunities for our heat transfer, power production and fluid transfer systems are expected
to continue to grow. We assist in designing, developing and producing equipment for hydrogen production, distribution and fueling
systems, concentrated solar power and storage, geothermal power and lithium production, and small modular nuclear systems. We are
positioning the Company to be a more significant contributor as these markets continue to develop.
We believe that chemical and petrochemical capital investment will continue to decouple from energy investment. Over the
long-term, we expect that population growth, an expanding global middle class, and an increasing desire for improved quality of life
and access to consumer products will drive increased demand for industrial goods within the plastics and resins value chain along with
fertilizers and related products. As such, we expect investment in new global chemical and petrochemical capacity will improve and
drive growth in demand for our products and services over the long-term.
Our turbomachinery, pumps, and cryogenic products and market access provide revenue and growth potential in the commercial
space/aerospace markets. The commercial space market has grown and evolved rapidly, and we provide rocket engine turbopump
systems and components to many of the key players in the industry. We expect that in the long-term, extended space exploration will
become more prevalent, and we anticipate that our thermal/fluid management and environmental control and life support system
turbomachinery will play important roles. We are also participating in future aerospace power and propulsion system development
through supply of fluid and thermal management systems components. Small power dense systems are imperative for these applications,
and we believe our technology and expertise will enable us to achieve sales growth in this market as well. For fiscal 2023, sales to the
space industry represented 13% of our sales compared to 0% prior to the BN acquisition. Sales and orders to the space industry are
variable in nature and many of our customers, who are key players in the industry, have yet to achieve profitability and may be unable
24
to continue operations without additional fundi
uncertain and may negatively impact our business.
ff
ng similar to Virgin Orbir
t. Thus, futff urt e revenue and growth to this market can be
The chart below illustrates our strategy to increase our participation in the defeff nse market. The defeff nse market comprised 81%
of our total backlog at March 31, 2023 and generally have longer conversion times than our other markets. We believe this strategy
shiftff provides us more stabia lity and visibility and is especially benefiff cial when our refiff ning and petrochemical markets are weak.
Backlog Mix Illustrating Impact of Defense Diversification
Backlog ($ million)
Divested Business
Space
Defense
Energy, Petro Chem, Adv Energy
Converts within 12 months
$350
$300
$250
$200
$150
$100
$50
$-
Results of Operations
For an understanding of the signififf cant faff ctors that inflff uenced our perforff mance, the folff
lowing discussion should be read in
conjunction with our consolidated fiff nancial statements and the notes to our consolidated fiff nancial statements included in Item 8 of Part
II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The folff
lowing tabla e summarizes our results of operations forff
the periods indicated:
Net sales ................................................................................................. $
Gross profiff t............................................................................................. $
Gross profiff t margin ................................................................................
SG&A expense (1) ................................................................................... $
SG&A as a percent of sales....................................................................
Net income (loss).................................................................................... $
Diluted income (loss) per share.............................................................. $
Total assets ............................................................................................. $
(1)
Selling, general and administrative expense is refeff rred to as "SG&A."
Year Ended March 31,
2023
157,118
25,408
16.2%
24,158
15.4%
367
0.03
203,918
$
$
$
$
$
$
2022
122,814
9,129
7.4%
21,299
17.3%
(8,773)
(0.83)
183,691
25
Fiscal 2023 Compared with Fiscal 2022
The following tables provides our net sales by product line and geographic region including the percentage of total sales and
change in comparison to the prior year for each category and period presented:
Year Ended
March 31,
Market
Refining ....................................$
Chemical/Petrochemical ...........
Space .........................................
Defense .....................................
Other .........................................
Net sales ................................$
2023
%
2022
%
27,270
21,950
21,180
65,327
21,391
157,118
17% $
14%
13%
42%
14%
100% $
24,406
15,955
5,744
62,189
14,520
122,814
20% $
13%
5%
51%
12%
100% $
Change
$
2,864
5,995
15,436
3,138
6,871
34,304
%
12%
38%
269%
5%
47%
28%
Geographic Region
United States .............................$
International ..............................
Net sales ................................$
127,519
29,599
157,118
81% $
19%
100% $
97,718
25,096
122,814
80% $
20%
100% $
29,801
4,503
34,304
30%
18%
28%
Net sales for fiscal 2023 were $157,118, an increase of 28% from fiscal 2022 and was across our diversified revenue base.
Approximately $8,900 of this increase was due to having two less months of BN results in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2023. Net
sales also benefitted from strong growth in aftermarket sales to the refining and petrochemical markets of approximately $5,000 in
comparison to the prior year, as well as growth in our commercial space market which was driven by newly awarded programs.
Additionally, our defense market sales benefitted from improved execution and pricing in fiscal 2023 versus fiscal 2022. See also
"Current Market Conditions," above. For additional information on anticipated future sales and our markets, see "Orders and Backlog"
below.
Our gross margin for fiscal 2023 was 16.2% compared with 7.4% for fiscal 2022. This increase was primarily due to an
improved mix of sales related to higher margin projects (commercial space and aftermarket) and improved execution and pricing on
defense contracts, partially offset by approximately $800 impact of Virgin Orbit reserves, net of applicable performance-based
compensation, and higher overall incentive based compensation in comparison to the prior year. Results for fiscal 2022 included the
impact of first article Navy project labor and material cost overruns. We estimate that the impact of these labor and material cost
increases for first article Navy projects, was over $10,000 in fiscal 2022.
In fiscal 2023, we completed four first article U.S. Navy
projects, which were the source of many of the losses in fiscal 2022, and remain on schedule to complete the remaining two first article
projects by the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2024.
In addition to the above, fiscal 2023 included two additional months of
operations from BN compared to fiscal 2022 which was acquired in June 2021.
SG&A expense including amortization for fiscal 2023 was $24,447, up $3,148 compared with $21,299 for fiscal 2022.
Approximately $1,400 of this increase was due to having two less months of BN results in fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2023,
approximately $1,700 impact of Virgin Orbit reserves net of applicable performance-based compensation, as well as higher overall
incentive compensation. These increases were partially offset by cost savings and deferred initiatives, which included reducing the use
of outside sales agents, cost management, and delayed hiring of non-critical positions. Additionally, SG&A expense for fiscal 2022
included $562 of acquisition and integration costs incurred in connection with the BN acquisition. As a result, SG&A expense as a
percentage of sales for fiscal 2023 was 15.4% of sales compared with 17.3% of sales in the prior year period.
During fiscal 2022, we terminated the BN contingent earn-out agreement and the contingent liability of $1,900 was reversed
into other operating (income) expense, net, on our Consolidated Statement of Operations. In connection with the termination of this
earn-out agreement, we entered into a Bonus Agreement to provide employees of BN with cash performance-based awards based on
results of BN for fiscal years ending March 31, 2024, 2025, and 2026. Additionally, in fiscal 2022 we incurred $1,073 of severance
costs related to the departure of our former Chief Executive Officer and former Chief Financial Officer, which was also recorded in
other operating (income) expense, net.
Net interest expense for fiscal 2023 was $939 compared to $400 in fiscal 2022 primarily due to borrowings related to the BN
acquisition, as well as increased interest rates since the time of the acquisition.
Our effective tax rate for fiscal 2023 was 35%, compared with 22% for fiscal 2022. This increase was primarily due to discrete
tax expense recognized in fiscal 2023 related to the vesting of restricted stock awards, as well as a higher mix of income in higher tax
rate foreign jurisdictions. Our expected effective tax rate for fiscal 2024 is approximately 22% to 23%.
26
The net result of the above is that net income and net income per diluted share for fiscal 2023 were $367 and $0.03 per share,
respectively, compared with a loss of $8,773 and $0.83 per share, respectively, for fiscal 2022. Adjusted net income and adjusted net
income per diluted share for fiscal 2023 were $2,519 and $0.24 per share, respectively, compared with a loss of $6,582 and $0.62 per
share, respectively, for fiscal 2022. See "Non-GAAP Measures" below for important information about these measures and a
reconciliation of adjusted net income (loss) and adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share to the comparable GAAP amount.
Non-GAAP Measures
Adjusted net income (loss) before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"), adjusted net
income (loss), and adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share are provided for information purposes only and are not measures of
financial performance under accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("GAAP"). Management believes the presentation of
these financial measures reflecting non-GAAP adjustments provides important supplemental information to investors and other users of
our financial statements in evaluating the operating results of the Company. In particular, those charges and credits that are not directly
related to operating performance, and that are not a helpful measure of the performance of our underlying business particularly in light
of their unpredictable nature. These non-GAAP disclosures have limitations as analytical tools, should not be viewed as a substitute for
net income (loss) or net income (loss) per diluted share determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation
or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance
measures that may be presented by other companies. In addition, supplemental presentation should not be construed as an inference
that our future results will be unaffected by similar adjustments to net income (loss) or net income (loss) per diluted share determined
in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss) and adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share are key
metrics used by management and our board of directors to assess the Company’s financial and operating performance and adjusted
EBITDA is a basis for a portion of management's performance-based compensation.
Adjusted EBITDA excludes charges for depreciation, amortization, net interest expense, taxes, acquisition related expenses,
and other unusual/nonrecurring expenses. Adjusted net income (loss) and adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share exclude intangible
amortization, acquisition related expenses, other unusual/nonrecurring expenses and the related tax impacts of those adjustments.
A reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss), and adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share to net
income (loss) in accordance with GAAP is as follows:
Year Ended
March 31,
2023
2022
Net income (loss) .................................................................. $
Acquisition related inventory step-up expense...................
Acquisition & integration costs ..........................................
Change in fair value of contingent consideration ...............
CEO and CFO transition costs............................................
Debt amendment costs ........................................................
Net interest expense ............................................................
Income taxes .......................................................................
Depreciation & amortization ..............................................
Adjusted EBITDA ............................................................... $
367
-
54
-
-
194
939
194
5,987
7,735
$
$
Adjusted EBITDA as a % of revenue ...................................
4.9%
(8,773)
95
562
(1,900)
1,182
278
400
(2,443)
5,599
(5,000)
%
(4.1
)
27
Net income (loss).................................................................... $
Acquisition related inventory step-up expense ....................
Acquisition & integration costs............................................
Amortization of intangible assets .........................................
Change in fair value of contingent consideration.................
CEO and CFO transition costs .............................................
Debt amendment costs..........................................................
Normalize tax rate(1) .............................................................
Adjusted net income (loss) .................................................... $
GAAP diluted net income (loss) per share .......................... $
Adjusted diluted net income (loss) per share...................... $
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding ..........
Year Ended
March 31,
2023
2022
367
-
54
2,476
-
-
194
(572)
2,519
0.03
0.24
10,654
$
$
$
$
(8,773)
95
562
2,522
(1,900)
1,182
278
(548)
(6,582)
(0.83)
(0.62)
10,541
(1) Applies a normalized tax rate to non-GAAP adjustments, which are pre-tax, based upon the statutory
tax rate of 21%.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated statements of cash flows and consolidated balance
sheets appearing in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
Cash and cash equivalents.......................................................... $
Working capital(1).......................................................................
Working capital ratio(2)...............................................................
18,257 $
23,904
1.3
14,741
27,796
1.5
(1) Working capital equals current assets minus current liabilities.
(2) Working capital ratio equals current assets divided by current liabilities.
March 31,
2023
2022
We use the above ratios to assess our liquidity and overall financial strength.
Net cash provided by operating activities for fiscal 2023 was $13,914 compared with $2,219 of cash used by operating activities
for fiscal 2022. This increase was primarily due to higher cash net income during fiscal 2023 than the comparable prior year period,
partially offset by lower cash flow from net working capital. Results for fiscal 2022 included the impact of our strategic decision to take
on additional costs in order to meet our U.S. Navy customers delivery schedules. We believe the increased level of repeat defense orders
received during fiscal 2023 validates the investments we made, our position as a key supplier to the defense industry and our customer’s
confidence in our execution. In fiscal 2023 we collected approximately $13,000 of customer deposits related to material purchases for
a large U.S. Navy order that will be paid over the next nine months as materials are received. This increase in customer deposits was
more than offset by increases in inventories and unbilled revenue due to growth and the timing of billing milestones. Net repayment of
debt for fiscal 2023 was $6,000 compared to a net borrowing of $18,500 for fiscal 2022 primarily due to the cash used for the acquisition
of BN of $60,282.
Dividend payments and capital expenditures in fiscal 2023 were $0 and $3,749, respectively, compared with $3,523 and $2,324,
respectively, for fiscal 2022. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, we suspended our dividend in accordance with the terms of our credit
agreement with Bank of America. There can be no guarantee that we will pay dividends in the future and any determination by our
board of directors with respect to dividends will depend on a variety of factors, including our future financial performance, organic
growth and acquisition opportunities, general economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. Capital
expenditures for fiscal 2024 are expected to be approximately $5,500 to $7,000. Our fiscal 2024 capital expenditures are expected to
be primarily for machinery and equipment, as well as for buildings and leasehold improvements to fund our growth and productivity
improvement initiatives. The majority of our planned capital expenditures are discretionary. We estimate that our maintenance capital
spend is approximately $2,000 per year.
Cash and cash equivalents were $18,257 at March 31, 2023 compared with $14,741 at March 31, 2022, as cash provided by
operating activities was used to fund capital expenditures and repayment of debt. At March 31, 2023, approximately $6,968 of our cash
and cash equivalents was used to secure our letters of credit and $2,618 of our cash was held by our subsidiaries in China and India.
28
On June 1, 2021, we entered into a $20,000 five-year loan with Bank of America. The term loan requires monthly principal
payments of $167 through June 1, 2026, with the remaining principal amount plus all interest due on the maturity date. The interest rate
on the term loan is the applicable Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield Index ("BSBY"), plus 1.50%, subject to a 0.00% floor.
On June 1, 2021, we entered into a five-year revolving credit facility with Bank of America that provided a $30,000 line of
credit, including letters of credit and bank guarantees, expandable at our option and the bank's approval at any time up to $40,000. As
of March 31, 2023, there was $0 outstanding on the line of credit. Amounts outstanding under the facility agreement bear interest at a
rate equal to BSBY plus 1.50%, subject to a 0.00% floor. As of March 31, 2023, the BSBY rate was 4.92%. As of March 31, 2023,
there was $5,874 letters of credit outstanding with Bank of America.
Under the original term loan agreement and revolving credit facility, we covenanted to maintain a maximum total leverage
ratio, as defined in such agreements, of 3.0 to 1.0, with an allowable increase to 3.25 to 1.0 for a period of twelve months following the
closing of an acquisition. In addition, we covenanted to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, as defined in such agreements,
of 1.2 to 1.0 and minimum margined assets, as defined in such agreements, of 100% of total amounts outstanding on the revolving credit
facility, including letters of credit. At December 31, 2021, we were out of compliance with our bank agreement covenants and were
granted a waiver for noncompliance by Bank of America.
We entered into amendment agreements with Bank of America since origination. Under the amended agreements, we were
not required to comply with the maximum total leverage ratio and the minimum fixed charge coverage ratio covenants contained in the
original term loan agreement for the periods ending December 31, 2021 and March 31, June 30 and September 30, 2022. The principal
balance outstanding on the line of credit may not exceed $15,000, unless letters of credit exceed $11,500, in which case the limit is
$17,000, until the compliance date. The compliance date is defined as the date on which Bank of America has received all required
financial information with respect to us for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023 and no event of default exists. In addition, on or
before September 1, 2023 and at all times thereafter, all of our deposit accounts, except certain accounts, will be either subject to a
deposit account control agreement or maintained with Bank of America. We covenanted to maintain EBITDA, as defined in such
amendment, of at least ($700) for the twelve-month period ending June 30, 2022 and $1,800 for the twelve-month period ending
September 30, 2022; maintain a total maximum leverage ratio of 4.0 to 1.0 for the twelve-month period ending December 31, 2022 and
3.0 to 1.0 for the period ending March 31, 2023; and maintain liquidity, as defined in such amendment, of at least $10,000 prior to the
occurrence of the compliance date and $20,000 from and after the occurrence of the compliance date. As of March 31, 2023, we were
in compliance with the amended financial covenants of our loan agreement and our leverage ratio as calculated in accordance with the
terms of the credit facility was 2.1x. At March 31, 2023, the amount available under the revolving credit facility was $10,016 subject
to the above liquidity and leverage covenants.
We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2023 other than letters of credit incurred in the ordinary
course of business.
We believe that cash generated from operations, combined with the liquidity provided by available financing capacity under
our credit facility, will be adequate to meet our cash needs for the immediate future.
Stockholders' Equity
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity
that can be found in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following table shows the balance of stockholders'
equity on the dates indicated:
$
96,933
$
96,494
March 31, 2023
March 31, 2022
Orders and Backlog
In addition to the non-GAAP measures discussed above, management uses the following key performance metrics to analyze
and measure the Company’s financial performance and results of operations: orders, backlog, and book-to-bill ratio. Management uses
orders and backlog as measures of current and future business and financial performance and these may not be comparable with measures
provided by other companies. Orders represent written communications received from customers requesting the Company to provide
products and/or services. Backlog is defined as the total dollar value of net orders received for which revenue has not yet been
recognized. Management believes tracking orders and backlog are useful as it often times is a leading indicator of future performance.
In accordance with industry practice, contracts may include provisions for cancellation, termination, or suspension at the discretion of
the customer.
The book-to-bill ratio is an operational measure that management uses to track the growth prospects of the Company. The
Company calculates the book-to-bill ratio for a given period as net orders divided by net sales.
29
Given that each of orders, backlog and book-to-bill ratio is an operational measure and that the Company's methodology for
calculating orders, backlog and book-to-bill ratio does not meet the definition of a non-GAAP measure, as that term is defined by the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, a quantitative reconciliation for each is not required or provided.
The following table provides our orders by market and geographic region including the percentage of total orders and change
in comparison to the prior year for each category and period presented:
Year Ended
March 31,
Market
Refining.....................................$
Chemical/Petrochemical ...........
Space .........................................
Defense .....................................
Other .........................................
Total orders ...........................$
2023
%
2022
%
29,276
15,306
15,160
116,714
26,230
202,686
14% $
8%
7%
58%
13%
100% $
28,411
22,241
10,733
63,215
19,275
143,875
20% $
15%
7%
44%
13%
100% $
Change
$
865
(6,935)
4,427
53,499
6,955
58,811
Geographic Region
United States .............................$
International ..............................
Total orders ...........................$
167,984
34,702
202,686
83% $
17%
100% $
117,106
26,769
143,875
81% $
19%
100% $
50,878
7,933
58,811
%
3%
-31%
41%
85%
36%
41%
43%
30%
41%
Orders booked in fiscal 2023 were $202,686 compared to $143,875 in fiscal 2022. This increase was primarily driven by growth
in defense, refining and petrochemical aftermarket, space, and new energy customers. Noteworthy orders during fiscal 2023 included
the following:
•
•
•
•
•
$116,714 from the defense industry driven by repeat orders for critical U.S. Navy programs including a $23,000 follow-on
order to support the MK48 Mod 7 Heavyweight Torpedo program;
$40,566 from the refining and petrochemical aftermarket;
$15,160 of orders for highly engineered pumps and turbo pumps for a variety of applications and customers in the
commercial space industry (of which approximately $3,000 were to Virgin Orbit);
Increased orders to the new energy market including hydrogen, solar, and geothermal with lithium extraction including a
$5,000 order for a vacuum system for the Hell’s Kitchen Stage 1 Project in the Imperial Valley of California; and
$7.0 million for a vacuum system for a refinery in India.
For fiscal 2023, our book-to-bill ratio was 1.3x. We believe the increased level of repeat U.S. Navy orders received during
the fiscal year validates the investments we made, our position as a key supplier to the defense industry and our customer’s confidence
in our execution. Additionally, we believe the strong aftermarket orders are significant because they historically have been a leading
indicator of a cyclical upturn in capital project orders. However, we do not expect the next cycle to be as robust as years past due to the
factors discussed above under "Current Market Conditions." The increase in space orders for fiscal 2023 over fiscal 2022 was due to
newly awarded programs, as well as having an additional two months of BN operations included in the results for fiscal 2023.
Orders to the U.S. represented 83% of total orders for fiscal 2023 and is relatively consistent with the prior year. These orders
were primarily to the defense and space markets, which represented 58% and 7% of orders, respectively, and are U.S. based.
The following table provides our backlog by market, including the percentage of total backlog, for each category and period
presented:
Market
Refining ....................................
Chemical/Petrochemical ...........
Space.........................................
Defense .....................................
Other .........................................
Total backlog ........................
$
$
March 31,
2023
%
March 31,
2022
%
Change
$
%
26,142
7,842
8,242
243,628
15,880
301,734
9% $
3%
3%
81%
5%
100% $
25,402
13,647
11,283
194,758
11,447
256,537
10%$
5%
4%
76%
4%
100%$
740
(5,805)
(3,041)
48,870
4,433
45,197
3%
-43%
-27%
25%
39%
18%
30
Backlog was $301,734 at March 31, 2023, an increase of 18% compared with $256,537 at March 31, 2022. Approximately
50% to 55% of orders currently in our backlog are expected to be converted to sales within one year and 25% to 30% after one year but
within two years. The majority of the orders that are expected to convert beyond twelve months are for the defense industry, specifically
the U.S. Navy that have a long conversion cycle (up to six years).
Outlook
We are providing the following fiscal 2024 outlook:
Net Sales
Gross Profit
SG&A Expenses(1)
Tax Rate
Adjusted EBITDA(2)
$165 million to $175 million
17% to 18% of sales
15% to 16% of sales
22% to 23%
$10.5 million to $12.5 million
(1) Includes approximately $2 million to $3 million of BN performance bonus and approximately $0.5
million to $1.0 million of ERP conversion costs.
(2) Excludes approximately $2 million to $3 million of BN performance bonus and approximately $0.5
million to $1.0 million of ERP conversion costs.
See "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" and "Non-GAAP Measures" above for additional information
about forward-looking statements and non-GAAP measures. We have not reconciled non-GAAP forward-looking Adjusted EBITDA
to its most directly comparable GAAP measure, as permitted by Item 10(e)(1)(i)(B) of Regulation S-K. Such reconciliation would
require unreasonable efforts to estimate and quantify various necessary GAAP components largely because forecasting or predicting
our future operating results is subject to many factors out of our control or not readily predictable.
We have made significant progress with the advancements in our business, which puts us ahead of schedule in achieving our
fiscal 2027 goals. As a result, we now believe that we can achieve greater than $200 million in revenue (8% to 10% average annualized
revenue growth) and adjusted EBITDA margins in the low to mid-teens in fiscal 2027.
Our expectations for sales and profitability assume that we will be able to operate our production facilities at planned capacity,
have access to our global supply chain including our subcontractors, do not experience significant global health related disruptions, and
assumes no further impact from Virgin Orbit or any other unforeseen events.
Contingencies and Commitments
We have been named as a defendant in lawsuits alleging personal injury from exposure to asbestos allegedly contained in or
accompanying our products. We are a co-defendant with numerous other defendants in these lawsuits and intend to vigorously defend
ourselves against these claims. The claims in our current lawsuits are similar to those made in previous asbestos lawsuits that named us
as a defendant. Such previous lawsuits either were dismissed when it was shown that we had not supplied products to the plaintiffs’
places of work, or were settled by us for immaterial amounts.
As of March 31, 2023, we are subject to the claims noted above, as well as other legal proceedings and potential claims that
have arisen in the ordinary course of business. Although the outcome of the lawsuits, legal proceedings or potential claims to which we
are or may become a party cannot be determined and an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of loss cannot be made for the
majority of the claims, we do not believe that the outcomes, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect
on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Critical Accounting Policies
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon the consolidated financial
statements and the notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which
have been prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Critical accounting policies are defined as those that reflect significant judgments and uncertainties and could potentially result
in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions.
Revenue Recognition. The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification 606,
"Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASC 606").
31
We recognize revenue on all contracts when control of the product is transferred to the customer. Control is generally
transferred when products are shipped, title is transferred, significant risks of ownership have transferred, we have rights to payment,
and rewards of ownership pass to the customer. Customer acceptance may also be a factor in determining whether control of the product
has transferred. Although revenue on the majority of our contracts, as measured by number of contracts, is recognized upon shipment
to the customer, revenue on larger contracts, which are fewer in number but generally represent the majority of revenue, is recognized
over time as these contracts meet specific criteria in ASC 606. Revenue from contracts that is recognized upon shipment accounted for
approximately 26% of revenue in fiscal 2023. Revenue from contracts that is recognized over time accounted for approximately 74%
of revenue in fiscal 2023. We recognize revenue over time when contract performance results in the creation of a product for which we
do not have an alternative use and the contract includes an enforceable right to payment in an amount that corresponds directly with the
value of the performance completed. To measure progress towards completion on performance obligations for which revenue is
recognized over time the Company utilizes an input method based upon a ratio of direct labor hours incurred to date to management’s
estimate of the total labor hours to be incurred on each contract, or cost incurred to date to management's estimate of the total cost to be
incurred on each contract, or an output method based upon completion of operational milestones, depending upon the nature of the
contract.
Business Combinations and Intangible Assets. Assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination are recorded at their
estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based upon detailed valuations that use
various assumptions made by management. Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price exceeds the estimated fair value of the net
identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. Definite lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives and
are assessed for impairment if certain indicators are present. Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are not
amortized but are subject to impairment testing annually or earlier if an event or change in circumstances indicates that the fair value of
a reporting unit or the indefinite lived asset may have been reduced below its carrying value.
Pension and Postretirement Benefits. Defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit costs and obligations are
dependent on actuarial assumptions used in calculating such amounts. These assumptions are reviewed annually and include the discount
rate, long-term expected rate of return on plan assets, salary growth, healthcare cost trend rate and other economic and demographic
factors. We base the discount rate assumption for our plans on the FTSE Pension Liability Above-Median AA-Index. The long-term
expected rate of return on plan assets is based on the plan’s asset allocation, historical returns and expectations as to future returns that
are expected to be realized over the estimated remaining life of the plan liabilities that will be funded with the plan assets. The salary
growth assumptions are determined based on long-term actual experience and future and near-term outlook. The healthcare cost trend
rate assumptions are based on historical cost and payment data, the near-term outlook, and an assessment of likely long-term trends.
Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments
We have evaluated the accounting policies used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and the notes to
consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and believe those policies to be
reasonable and appropriate.
We believe that the most critical accounting estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements relate to
labor hour estimates, total cost, and establishment of operational milestones which are used to recognize revenue over time, accounting
for contingencies, under which we accrue a loss when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably
estimated, accounting for business combinations and intangible assets, and accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefits.
As discussed above under the heading "Critical Accounting Policies", we recognize a majority of our revenue using an over-
time recognition method. The key estimate for the over-time recognition model is total labor, total cost and operational milestones to
be incurred on each contract and to the extent that these estimates change, it may significantly impact revenue recognized in each period.
Contingencies, by their nature, relate to uncertainties that require us to exercise judgment both in assessing the likelihood that
a liability has been incurred as well as in estimating the amount of potential loss. For more information on these matters, see the notes
to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
As discussed above under the heading "Critical Accounting Policies", we allocate the purchase price of an acquired company,
including when applicable, the acquisition date fair value of contingent consideration between tangible and intangible assets acquired
and liabilities assumed from the acquired business based on their estimated fair values, with the residual of the purchase price recorded
as goodwill. Third party appraisal firms and other consultants are engaged to assist management in determining the fair values of certain
assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Estimating fair values requires significant judgments, estimates and assumptions, including but
not limited to discount rates, future cash flows and the economic lives of trade names, technology, customer relationships, and property,
plant and equipment. These estimates are based on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired
company and are inherently uncertain.
32
During fiscal 2022, we completed the acquisition of BN for an aggregate purchase price of $72,014. We identified and assigned
value to identifiable intangible assets of customer relationships, technology and technical know-how, backlog and trade name, and
estimated the useful lives over which these intangible assets would be amortized. The estimates of fair values of these identifiable
intangible assets were based upon discounted cash flow models, which include assumptions such as forecasted cash flows, customer
attrition rates, discount rates, and royalty rates. The fair value estimates resulted in identifiable intangible assets, in the aggregate, of
$32,500. The resulting goodwill, in the aggregate, from this acquisition was $23,523. For more information on these matters, see the
notes to consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefits involves estimating the cost of benefits to be provided well into the
future and attributing that cost over the time period each employee works. To accomplish this, assumptions are made about inflation,
investment returns, mortality, turnover, medical costs and discount rates. These assumptions are reviewed annually.
The discount rate used in accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefits expense (income) is determined in
conjunction with our actuary by reference to a current yield curve and by considering the timing and amount of projected future benefit
payments. The discount rate assumption for fiscal 2023 was 3.66% for our defined benefit pension plans and 3.32% for our other
postretirement benefit plan. A reduction in the discount rate of 50 basis points, with all other assumptions held constant, would have
increased fiscal 2023 net periodic benefit expense for our defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plan by
approximately $290 and $0.2, respectively.
The expected return on plan assets assumption of 5.50% used in accounting for our pension plan is determined by evaluating
the mix of investments that comprise plan assets and external forecasts of future long-term investment returns. A reduction in the rate
of return of 50 basis points, with other assumptions held constant, would have increased fiscal 2023 net periodic pension expense by
approximately $197.
During fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, the pension plan extinguished liabilities for vested benefits of certain participants through
the purchase of nonparticipating annuity contracts with a third-party insurance company. As a result of these transactions, in fiscal 2023
and fiscal 2022, the projected benefit obligation and plan assets each decreased $1,383 and $1,279, respectively.
As part of our ongoing financial reporting process, a collaborative effort is undertaken involving our managers with functional
responsibilities for financial, credit, tax, engineering, manufacturing and benefit matters, and outside advisors such as lawyers,
consultants and actuaries. We believe that the results of this effort provide management with the necessary information on which to
base their judgments and to develop the estimates and assumptions used to prepare the financial statements.
We believe that the amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K related to revenue, contingencies, pensions, other postretirement benefits and other matters requiring the use of
estimates and judgments are reasonable, although actual outcomes could differ materially from our estimates.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In the normal course of business, management evaluates all new accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial
Accounting Standards Board, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of
Certified Public Accountants or any other authoritative accounting body to determine the potential impact they may have on our
consolidated financial statements. For discussion of the newly issued accounting pronouncements see ''Accounting and reporting
changes'' in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The principal market risks (i.e., the risk of loss arising from market changes) to which we are exposed are foreign currency
exchange rates, price risk, and interest rate risk.
The assumptions applied in preparing the following qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding foreign currency
exchange rate, price risk and interest rate risk are based upon volatility ranges experienced by us in relevant historical periods, our
current knowledge of the marketplace, and our judgment of the probability of future volatility based upon the historical trends and
economic conditions of the markets in which we operate.
Foreign Currency
International consolidated sales for fiscal 2023 were 19% of total sales. Operating in markets throughout the world exposes us
to movements in currency exchange rates. Currency movements can affect sales in several ways, the foremost being our ability to
33
compete for orders against foreign competitors that base their prices on relatively weaker currencies. Business lost due to competition
for orders against competitors using a relatively weaker currency cannot be quantified. In addition, cash can be adversely impacted by
the conversion of sales made by us in a foreign currency to U.S. dollars. In fiscal 2023, substantially all sales by us and our wholly
owned subsidiaries, for which we were paid, were denominated in the local currency of the respective subsidiary (U.S. dollars, Chinese
RMB, or India INR). For fiscal 2023, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations reduced our cash balances by $208 primarily due to
the strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to the Chinese RMB and India INR.
We have limited exposure to foreign currency purchases. In fiscal 2023, our purchases in foreign currencies represented 6%
of the cost of products sold. At certain times, we may enter into forward foreign currency exchange agreements to hedge our exposure
against potential unfavorable changes in foreign currency values on significant sales and purchase contracts negotiated in foreign
currencies. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts were not used in fiscal 2023 and as of March 31, 2023, we held no forward
foreign currency contracts.
Price Risk
Operating in a global marketplace requires us to compete with other global manufacturers which, in some instances, benefit
from lower production costs and more favorable economic conditions. Although we believe that our customers differentiate our products
on the basis of our manufacturing quality, engineering experience, and customer service, among other things, such lower production
costs and more favorable economic conditions mean that our competitors are able to offer products similar to ours at lower prices. In
extreme market downturns, such as we recently experienced, we typically see depressed price levels. Additionally, we have faced, and
may continue to face, significant cost inflation, specifically in labor costs, raw materials, and other supply chain costs due to increased
demand for raw materials and resources caused by the broad disruption of the global supply chain associated, including as a result of
the impact of COVID-19. International conflicts or other geopolitical events, including the ongoing war between Russia and the Ukraine,
may further contribute to increased supply chain costs due to shortages in raw materials, increased costs for transportation and energy,
disruptions in supply chains, and heightened inflation. Further escalation of geopolitical tensions may also lead to changes to foreign
exchange rates and financial markets, any of which may adversely affect our business and supply chain, and consequently our results of
operations. While there could ultimately be a material impact on our operations and liquidity, at the time of this report, the impact could
not be determined.
Interest Rate Risk
In connection with the BN acquisition, we entered into a $20,000 five-year term loan and a five-year revolving credit facility
with Bank of America. The term loan and revolving credit facility bear interest rates that are tied to BSBY, plus 1.50%, subject to a
0.00% floor. As part of our risk management activities, we evaluate the use of interest rate derivatives to add stability to interest expense
and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements. As of March 31, 2023, we had $12,500 outstanding on our term loan, $0
outstanding on our revolving credit facility and no interest rate derivatives outstanding. See ''Debt'' in Note 8 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information about our outstanding
debt. A hypothetical one percentage point (100 basis points) change in the BSBY rate on the $12,500 of variable rate debt outstanding
at March 31, 2023 would have an impact of approximately $125 on our interest expense for fiscal 2023.
34
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Consolidated Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 00034) .........................................................................
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 ......................................................
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 ......................
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and 2022 .......................................................................................................
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 .....................................................
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021....................
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ..................................................................................................................................
Page
36
38
39
40
41
42
43
35
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Graham Corporation
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Graham Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of March
31, 2023 and 2022; the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, changes in stockholders' equity,
and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2023 and the related notes and the schedule listed in the
Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)
(PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal
Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our
report dated June 8, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to
be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material
to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of
critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by
communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or
disclosures to which it relates.
Revenue Recognition — Over time – Input Method – Refer to Notes 1 and 3 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company recognizes a majority of its revenue over time when contract performance results in the creation of a product for which
the Company does not have an alternative use and the contract includes an enforceable right to payment in an amount that corresponds
directly with the value of the performance completed. To measure progress towards completion on performance obligations for which
revenue is recognized over time the Company primarily utilizes an input method based upon a ratio of direct labor hours incurred to
date to management’s estimate of the total direct labor hours to be incurred at completion on each contract or an input method based
upon a ratio of direct costs incurred to date to management’s estimate of total costs to be incurred at the completion of each contract.
Revenue from contracts that is recognized over time accounted for approximately 74% of revenue in fiscal 2023.
We identified revenue associated with in-process contracts recognized over time utilizing an input method as a critical audit matter
because of the judgments necessary for management to estimate total direct labor hours or costs, at completion. An extensive audit
effort and a high degree of audit or judgment was required when performing audit procedures to audit management’s estimates of total
direct labor hours or total costs at completion used to recognize revenue over time and evaluating the results of those procedures.
36
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to management’s estimate of total direct labor hours or total costs, at completion, for in-process contracts
recognized over time included the following, among others:
•
•
•
•
We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s estimate of total direct labor hours or total costs, at completion
for in-process contracts recognized over time.
We tested the mathematical accuracy of management’s calculation of revenue recognized over time.
For a selection of in-process contracts with customers that were recognized over time utilizing an input method, we
performed the following procedures, among others:
Evaluated whether the contracts were properly included in management’s calculation of revenue recognized over
time based on the terms and conditions of each contract.
Evaluated the reasonableness and consistency of the methodology used by management to estimate total direct labor
hours or total costs at completion for each contract and tested the mathematical accuracy of such estimate.
Evaluated the direct labor hours or costs estimate by obtaining original estimates and any change orders, testing
direct labor hours or costs completed to date, observing the work sites and inspecting the progress to completion as
of fiscal year end, and performing corroborating inquiries with the Company’s project managers and engineers
regarding the estimates of total direct labor hours or total costs at completion.
We evaluated management’s ability to estimate total direct labor hours or total costs at completion accurately by
comparing actual direct labor hours or costs incurred to management’s historical estimates for a selection of similar
contracts that were completed in fiscal year 2023.
/s/DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Rochester, New York
June 8, 2023
We have served as the Company's auditor since 1993.
37
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)
2023
Years Ended March 31,
2022
2021
Net sales............................................................................................................. $
Cost of products sold .....................................................................................
Gross profit ....................................................................................................
$
157,118
131,710
25,408
$
122,814
113,685
9,129
Other expenses and income:
Selling, general and administrative................................................................
Selling, general and administrative - amortization ........................................
Other operating (income) expense, net ..........................................................
Operating income (loss).................................................................................
Other income..................................................................................................
Interest income...............................................................................................
Interest expense..............................................................................................
Total other expenses and income...............................................................
Income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes................................
Provision (benefit) for income taxes..................................................................
Net Income (loss)............................................................................................... $
Per share data:
Basic:
Net income (loss) ....................................................................................... $
Diluted:
Net income (loss) ....................................................................................... $
23,063
1,095
—
1,250
(250)
(129)
1,068
689
561
194
367
0.03
0.03
$
$
$
Average common shares outstanding:
Basic...........................................................................................................
Diluted .......................................................................................................
Dividends declared per share............................................................................. $
10,614
10,654
— $
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
20,386
913
(827)
(11,343)
(527)
(50)
450
(127)
(11,216)
(2,443)
(8,773) $
(0.83) $
(0.83) $
10,541
10,541
0.33
$
97,489
77,020
20,469
17,471
—
—
2,998
(113)
(167)
11
(269)
3,267
893
2,374
0.24
0.24
9,959
9,959
0.44
38
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
Net income (loss) ............................................................................................... $
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment .......................................................
Defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans, net of income tax
benefit of $149, $209, and $509, for the years ended March 31, 2023,
2022 and 2021, respectively .......................................................................
Total other comprehensive (loss) income..........................................................
Total comprehensive income (loss) ................................................................... $
2023
Years Ended March 31,
2022
2021
367
$
(8,773) $
2,374
(492)
198
385
(500)
(992)
(625) $
728
926
(7,847) $
1,774
2,159
4,533
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
39
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)
March 31,
2023
2022
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ............................................................................................... $
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances ($1,841 and $87 at March 31, 2023 and
18,257
$
14,741
2022, respectively)........................................................................................................
Unbilled revenue..............................................................................................................
Inventories........................................................................................................................
Prepaid expenses and other current assets .......................................................................
Income taxes receivable...................................................................................................
Total current assets ......................................................................................................
Property, plant and equipment, net ......................................................................................
Prepaid pension asset ...........................................................................................................
Operating lease assets ..........................................................................................................
Goodwill ..............................................................................................................................
Customer relationships.........................................................................................................
Technology and technical know-how, net ...........................................................................
Other intangible assets, net ..................................................................................................
Deferred income tax asset....................................................................................................
Other assets ..........................................................................................................................
Total assets................................................................................................................... $
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt.................................................................................... $
Current portion of finance lease obligations....................................................................
Accounts payable .............................................................................................................
Accrued compensation.....................................................................................................
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities ................................................................
Customer deposits............................................................................................................
Operating lease liabilities.................................................................................................
Income taxes payable.......................................................................................................
Total current liabilities.................................................................................................
Long-term debt.....................................................................................................................
Finance lease obligations .....................................................................................................
Operating lease liabilities.....................................................................................................
Deferred income tax liability ...............................................................................................
Accrued pension and postretirement benefit liabilities........................................................
Other long-term liabilities....................................................................................................
Total liabilities .................................................................................................................
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7 and 16)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value, 500 shares authorized
Common stock, $.10 par value, 25,500 shares authorized; 10,774 and 10,801 shares
issued and 10,635 and 10,636 shares outstanding at March 31, 2023 and 2022,
respectively ...................................................................................................................
Capital in excess of par value ..........................................................................................
Retained earnings.............................................................................................................
Accumulated other comprehensive loss...........................................................................
Treasury stock (138 and 164 shares at March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively) ............
Total stockholders’ equity....................................................................................................
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity..................................................................... $
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
24,000
39,684
26,293
1,534
302
110,070
25,523
6,107
8,237
23,523
10,718
9,174
7,610
2,798
158
203,918
2,000
29
20,222
10,401
6,434
46,042
1,022
16
86,166
9,744
85
7,498
108
1,342
2,042
106,985
$
$
1,075
28,061
77,443
(7,463)
(2,183)
96,933
203,918
$
27,645
25,570
17,414
1,391
459
87,220
24,884
7,058
8,394
23,523
11,308
9,679
8,990
2,441
194
183,691
2,000
23
16,662
7,991
6,047
25,644
1,057
—
59,424
16,378
11
7,460
62
1,666
2,196
87,197
1,080
27,770
77,076
(6,471)
(2,961)
96,494
183,691
40
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
2023
Years Ended March 31,
2022
2021
Operating activities:
Net income (loss) .............................................................................................. $
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided (used) by
367
$
(8,773)
$
2,374
operating activities:
Depreciation .................................................................................................
Amortization ................................................................................................
Virgin Orbit reserves .....................................................................................
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost and actuarial losses..................
Amortization of debt issuance costs ................................................................
Goodwill and other impairments.....................................................................
Equity-based compensation expense ...............................................................
Loss on disposal or sale of property, plant and equipment .................................
Change in fair value of contingent consideration ..............................................
Deferred income taxes ...................................................................................
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:
Accounts receivable ..................................................................................
Unbilled revenue.......................................................................................
Inventories ...............................................................................................
Income taxes receivable.............................................................................
Prepaid expenses and other current and non-current assets ............................
Operating lease assets................................................................................
Prepaid pension asset.................................................................................
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Accounts payable......................................................................................
Accrued compensation, accrued expenses and other current and
non-current liabilities..............................................................................
Customer deposits.....................................................................................
Operating lease liabilities...........................................................................
Long-term portion of accrued compensation, accrued pension
liability and accrued postretirement benefits .............................................
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities...................................................
Investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment ..........................................................
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment......................................
Purchase of investments.....................................................................................
Redemption of investments at maturity ...............................................................
Acquisition of Barber-Nichols, LLC ...................................................................
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities ...................................................
Financing activities:
Principal repayments on debt .............................................................................
Proceeds from the issuance of debt .....................................................................
Principal repayments on finance lease obligations ................................................
Repayments on lease financing obligations..........................................................
Payment of debt issuance costs...........................................................................
Dividends paid..................................................................................................
Purchase of treasury stock..................................................................................
Net cash (used) provided by financing activities...................................................
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash..............................................................
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ............................................
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year....................................................
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ............................................................. $
3,511
2,476
3,050
672
212
—
806
—
—
(120)
1,520
(14,228)
(9,919)
139
(97)
1,206
(651)
3,467
2,654
20,526
(1,049)
(628)
13,914
(3,749)
—
—
—
—
(3,749)
(11,000)
5,000
(23)
(275)
(122)
—
(21)
(6,441)
(208)
3,516
14,741
18,257
$
3,077
2,522
—
996
—
—
809
23
(1,900)
(3,233)
(2,055)
1,550
3,483
(1,208)
(340)
1,059
(1,207)
(3,238)
1,164
5,523
(962)
491
(2,219)
(2,324)
—
—
5,500
(60,282)
(57,106)
(39,750)
58,250
(21)
(225)
(271)
(3,523)
(41)
14,419
115
(44,791)
59,532
14,741
$
1,945
—
—
1,066
—
184
864
2
—
(561)
(1,791)
(5,298)
5,185
1,215
416
155
(841)
3,556
3,101
(13,206)
(158)
70
(1,722)
(2,158)
7
(42,603)
77,151
—
32,397
(4,599)
4,599
(40)
—
—
(4,391)
(23)
(4,454)
356
26,577
32,955
59,532
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
41
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Years Ended March 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021
(Dollar and share amounts in thousands)
Common Stock
Shares
10,689
Par
Value
$
1,069
Capital in
Excess of
Par Value
$ 26,361
113
(54)
11
(5)
(11)
5
Retained
Earnings
$ 91,389
2,374
(4,391)
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Treasury
Stock
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
$
(9,556) $ (12,539) $
2,159
Balance at March 31, 2020 ....................
Comprehensive income..........................
Issuance of shares ..................................
Forfeiture of shares ................................
Dividends ...............................................
Recognition of equity-based
compensation expense ...........................
Purchase of treasury stock .....................
Issuance of treasury stock ......................
Balance at March 31, 2021 ....................
Comprehensive income (loss)................
Issuance of shares ..................................
Forfeiture of shares ................................
Dividends ...............................................
Recognition of equity-based
compensation expense ...........................
Purchase of treasury stock .....................
Issuance of treasury stock ......................
Balance at March 31, 2022 ....................
Comprehensive income (loss)................
Issuance of shares ..................................
Forfeiture of shares ................................
Recognition of equity-based
compensation expense ...........................
Purchase of treasury stock .....................
Issuance of treasury stock ......................
Balance at March 31, 2023 ....................
10,748
1,075
164
(111)
16
(11)
10,801
1,080
17
(44)
—
(5)
864
53
27,272
(16)
11
809
(306)
27,770
—
5
806
(23)
169
(12,393)
(7,397)
926
89,372
(8,773)
(3,523)
77,076
367
(6,471)
(992)
(41)
9,473
(2,961)
(21)
799
(2,183) $
10,774
$
1,075
(520)
$ 28,061
$ 77,443
$
(7,463) $
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
96,724
4,533
—
—
(4,391)
864
(23)
222
97,929
(7,847)
—
—
(3,523)
809
(41)
9,167
96,494
(625)
—
—
806
(21)
279
96,933
42
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years Ended March 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Note 1 - The Company and Its Accounting Policies:
Graham Corporation, and its operating subsidiaries, (together, the "Company"), is a global leader in the design and manufacture
of mission critical fluid, power, heat transfer and vacuum technologies for the defense, space, energy and process industries. The
Company acquired Barber-Nichols, LLC ("BN") in June 2021. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include BN at
March 31, 2023, 2022 and for the period June 1, 2021 through March 31, 2023. The Company's significant accounting policies are set
forth below.
The Company's fiscal years ended March 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 are referred to as "fiscal 2023," "fiscal 2022" and "fiscal
2021," respectively.
Principles of consolidation and use of estimates in the preparation of consolidated financial statements
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, BN, located in
Arvada, Colorado, Graham Vacuum and Heat Transfer Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., located in China, and Graham India Private
Limited, located in India. All intercompany balances, transactions and profits are eliminated in consolidation.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the
financial statements, as well as the related revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ from those
estimated.
Translation of foreign currencies
Assets and liabilities of the Company's foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at currency exchange rates in effect
at year end and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in effect for the year. Gains and losses resulting from
foreign currency transactions are included in results of operations. The Company's sales and purchases in foreign currencies are minimal.
Therefore, foreign currency transaction gains and losses are not significant. Gains and losses resulting from translation of the foreign
subsidiaries balance sheets are included in a separate component of stockholders' equity. Translation adjustments are not adjusted for
income taxes since they relate to an investment, which is permanent in nature.
Revenue recognition
The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification 606, "Revenue from Contracts with
Customers" ("ASC 606").
The Company recognizes revenue on all contracts when control of the product is transferred to the customer. Control is
generally transferred when products are shipped, title is transferred, significant risks of ownership have transferred, the Company has
rights to payment, and rewards of ownership pass to the customer. Customer acceptance may also be a factor in determining whether
control of the product has transferred. Although revenue on the majority of the Company’s contracts, as measured by number of
contracts, is recognized upon shipment to the customer, revenue on larger contracts, which are fewer in number but generally represent
the majority of revenue, is recognized over time as these contracts meet specific criteria in ASC 606.
Unbilled revenue (contract assets) in the Consolidated Balance Sheets represents revenue recognized that has not been billed
to customers on contracts in which revenue is recognized over time. All progress payments exceeding unbilled revenue are presented
as customer deposits (contract liabilities) in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid, short-term investments with maturities at the time of purchase of
three months or less.
43
Trade Accounts receivable, net of allowances
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The provision for credit losses is the
Company's best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company's existing accounts receivable; however, changes in
circumstances relating to accounts receivable may result in a requirement for additional provisions in the future.
Shipping and handling fees and costs
Shipping and handling fees billed to the customer are recorded in Net sales and the related costs incurred for shipping and
handling are included in Cost of products sold.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the average cost method.
Property, plant, equipment and depreciation
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Major additions and improvements are
capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation is provided based upon the estimated useful
lives, or lease term if shorter, under the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives range from approximately three to eight years for
office equipment, eight to 25 years for manufacturing equipment, eight years for land improvements, leasehold improvements are
depreciated over the remaining term of the lease and 40 years for buildings and improvements. Upon sale or retirement of assets, the
cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in the results of
operations.
Business combinations
The Company records its business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method of
accounting, the Company allocates the purchase price of each acquisition to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and
liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based
upon detailed valuations that use various assumptions made by management. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of
the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. Direct acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net tangible and intangible assets
acquired in a business combination.
Goodwill is not amortized, but is reviewed for impairment at least annually or more frequently if impairment indicators arise.
Goodwill is evaluated for impairment by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether a quantitative goodwill test is
necessary. If it is determined, based on qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit may be more likely than not less than
its carrying amount, or if significant adverse changes in the Company's future financial performance occur that could materially impact
fair value, a quantitative goodwill impairment test would be required. Additionally, the Company can elect to forgo the qualitative
assessment and perform the quantitative test. If the qualitative assessment indicates that the quantitative analysis should be performed,
or if management elects to bypass a qualitative assessment, the Company then evaluates goodwill for impairment by comparing the fair
value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill.
Intangible Assets
Acquired intangible assets other than goodwill consist of backlog, customer relationships, technology and technical know-how
and tradenames. Backlog and trade names are included in the line item Other intangible assets, net in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The Company amortizes Technology and technical know-how and Customer relationships in Selling, general and administrative expense
on a straight line basis over each of their estimated useful lives of twenty years. Backlog is amortized in Cost of products sold over the
projected conversion period of four years which is based on management estimates at time of purchase. All other intangibles have
indefinite lives and are not amortized.
44
Impairment of long-lived assets
The Company assesses the impairment of definite-lived long-lived assets or asset groups when events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors that are considered in deciding when to perform an
impairment review include: a significant decrease in the market price of the asset or asset group; a significant adverse change in the
extent or manner in which a long-lived asset or asset group is being used or in its physical condition; an accumulation of costs
significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction; a current-period operating or cash flow loss
combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with
the use of a long-lived asset or asset group; or a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset or asset group will be
sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life. The term more likely than not refers to
a level of likelihood that is more than 50%.
Recoverability potential is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset or asset group to its related total future
undiscounted cash flows. If the carrying value is not recoverable through related cash flows, the asset or asset group is considered to be
impaired. Impairment is measured by comparing the asset or asset group's carrying amount to its fair value. When it is determined that
useful lives of assets are shorter than originally estimated, and no impairment is present, the rate of depreciation is accelerated in order
to fully depreciate the assets over their new shorter useful lives.
Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are tested annually for impairment. The Company assesses goodwill for
impairment by comparing the fair value of its reporting units to their carrying amounts. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than
its carrying value, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the implied fair value of the goodwill within the reporting unit is less
than its carrying value. Fair values for reporting units are determined based on a weighted combination of the market approach and the
income approach using discounted cash flows. Indefinite lived intangible assets are assessed for impairment by comparing the fair value
of the asset to its carrying value.
Product warranties
The Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its product warranties and records a liability in the amount of
such costs at the time revenue is recognized. The reserve for product warranties is based upon past claims experience and ongoing
evaluations of any specific probable claims from customers. A reconciliation of the changes in the product warranty liability is presented
in Note 6.
Research and development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. The Company incurred research and development costs of $4,144
$3,845 and $3,367 in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. Research and development costs are included in the line
item “Cost of products sold” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Income taxes
The Company recognizes deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have
been recognized in the Company's financial statements or tax returns. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based
on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using currently enacted tax rates. The Company
evaluates the available evidence about future taxable income and other possible sources of realization of deferred income tax assets and
records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred income tax assets to an amount that represents the Company's best estimate of the
amount of such deferred income tax assets that more likely than not will be realized.
The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions using a "more likely than not" recognition threshold. The evaluation of
uncertain tax positions is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in tax law, the measurement of tax positions taken or
expected to be taken in tax returns, the effective resolution of matters subject to audit, new audit activity and changes in facts or
circumstances related to a tax position. These tax positions are evaluated on a quarterly basis. It is the Company's policy to recognize
any interest related to uncertain tax positions in interest expense and any penalties related to uncertain tax positions in selling, general
and administrative expense.
The Company files federal and state income tax returns in several U.S. and non-U.S. domestic and foreign jurisdictions. In
most tax jurisdictions, returns are subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities for a number of years after the returns have been
filed.
45
Stock based compensation
The Company records compensation costs related to equity-based awards based on the estimated fair value of the award on the
grant date. Compensation cost is recognized in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations over the applicable vesting period.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model as the method for determining the fair value of its stock option awards. For
service and performance based restricted stock awards and restricted stock units, the fair market value of the award is determined based
upon the closing value of the Company's stock price on the grant date. The fair market value of market-based performance restricted
stock awards is determined using the Monte Carlo valuation model. The amount of equity-based compensation expense recognized
during a period is based on the portion of the awards that are ultimately vest.
Income (loss) per share data
Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding for the period. Diluted income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number
of common shares outstanding and, when applicable, potential common shares outstanding during the period.
A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted income (loss) per share is presented below:
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
Basic income (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Net income (loss).............................................................. $
367
$
(8,773) $
2,374
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding ...............
Basic income (loss) per share ................................................... $
10,614
0.03
10,541
$
(0.83) $
9,959
0.24
Diluted income (loss) per share:
Numerator:
Net income(loss)............................................................... $
367
$
(8,773) $
2,374
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding ...............
Restricted stock units outstanding ....................................
Weighted average common and potential common
shares outstanding .........................................................
Diluted income (loss) per share................................................ $
10,614
40
10,654
0.03
10,541
—
10,541
$
(0.83) $
9,959
—
9,959
0.24
None of the options to purchase shares of common stock which totaled 33 shares and 37 shares in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021,
respectively, were included in the computation of diluted loss per share as the affect would be anti-dilutive given their exercise price as
they would not be dilutive upon issuance or due to the net losses in the fiscal year.
Cash flow statement
Interest and income taxes paid as well as non-cash investing and financing activities are as follows:
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
Interest paid .............................................................................. $
Income taxes paid .....................................................................
Pension and other post retirement income (loss) adjustments,
net of income tax ......................................................................
Issuance of treasury stock to the Employee Stock Purchase
Plan (See Note 12)....................................................................
Capital purchases recorded in accounts payable ......................
Issuance of treasury shares as part of the consideration of the
acquisition ................................................................................
$
1,026
185
$
417
2,012
(500)
279
483
—
728
204
177
8,964
11
200
1,774
222
173
—
46
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income and other comprehensive income or loss items, which are
accumulated as a separate component of stockholders' equity. For the Company, other comprehensive income or loss items include a
foreign currency translation adjustment and pension and other postretirement benefit adjustments.
Fair value measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e. the "exit price") in an
orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The accounting standard for fair value establishes a hierarchy
for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by
requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in
pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs
are inputs that reflect the Company's assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability
developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the
reliability of inputs as follows:
Level 1 – Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability
to access. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these
products does not entail a significant degree of judgment.
Level 2 – Valuations determined from quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical
instruments in markets that are not active or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market.
Level 3 – Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. The degree
of judgment exercised in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3.
The availability of observable inputs can vary and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, the type of asset/liability,
whether the asset/liability is established in the marketplace, and other characteristics particular to the transaction. To the extent that
valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires
more judgment. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such
cases, for disclosure purposes the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is
determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
Fair value is a market-based measure considered from the perspective of a market participant rather than an entity-specific
measure. Therefore, even when market assumptions are not readily available, assumptions are required to reflect those that market
participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those
estimates.
Accounting and reporting changes
In the normal course of business, management evaluates all new accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial
Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"), the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), the Emerging Issues Task Force, the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants or any other authoritative accounting body to determine the potential impact they
may have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Management does not expect any recently issued accounting pronouncements, which have not already been adopted, to have a
material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Note 2 - Acquisition
On June 1, 2021, the Company acquired BN, a designer and manufacturer of turbomachinery products located in Arvada,
Colorado that serves the defense and aerospace industry as well as the energy and cryogenic markets. The Company believes this
acquisition furthers its growth strategy through market and product diversification, broadens its offerings and strengthens its presence
in the defense industry, builds on its presence in the energy markets and adds capabilities in the space industry.
47
This transaction was accounted for as a business combination which requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be
recognized at their fair value as of the acquisition date. The purchase price of $72,014 was comprised of 610 shares of the Company's
common stock, representing a value of $8,964 at a price of $14.69 per share, and cash consideration of $61,150, subject to certain
potential adjustments, including a customary working capital adjustment. The cash consideration was funded through cash on-hand and
debt proceeds (see Note 8). The purchase agreement included a contingent earn-out dependent upon certain financial measures of BN
post-acquisition, in which the sellers were eligible to receive up to $14,000 in additional cash consideration. At June 30, 2021, a liability
of $1,900 was recorded for the contingent earn-out. Subsequent to the acquisition, the earn-out agreement was terminated and the
contingent liability was reversed into Other operating (income) expense, net, on the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Prior to the acquisition, BN and Ascent Properties Group, LLC, a related party, entered into a nine year operating lease agreement for
an office and manufacturing building in Arvada, Colorado. This lease was acquired as part of the Company's acquisition of BN and had
a monthly payment in the amount of $40 with a 3% yearly escalation. Also prior to the acquisition, BN and Ascent Properties Group,
LLC entered into a seven-year equipment lease agreement to lease various machinery and equipment. This equipment lease was also
acquired as part of the Company's acquisition of BN and had a monthly payment of $16. Acquisition related costs of $554 were expensed
in fiscal 2022, and are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
The cost of the acquisition was allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based upon its estimated fair value
at the date of the acquisition and the amount exceeding the fair value was recorded as goodwill, which is deductible for tax purposes.
The following table presents the impact of the final adjustments on individual line items in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet
at March 31, 2022:
Before Adjustment
of Final Allocation
of Purchase Price
June 1,
2021
After Adjustment of
Final Allocation of
Purchase Price
March 31,
2022
Adjustments
Assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents ............... $
Trade accounts receivable, net of
allowances.....................................
Unbilled revenue..............................
Inventories .......................................
Prepaid expenses and other current
assets .............................................
Property, plant & equipment, net.....
Operating lease asset........................
Goodwill ..........................................
Customer relationships ....................
Technology and technical know-
how ...............................................
Other intangibles, net.......................
Total assets acquired..........................
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable.............................
Accrued compensation.....................
Accrued expenses and other
current liabilities ...........................
Customer deposits............................
Operating lease liabilities ................
Other long-term liabilities................
Total liabilities assumed ....................
Purchase price .................................... $
1,587 $
(719) $
8,154
7,068
3,669
409
8,037
9,026
22,923
11,800
10,100
11,200
93,973
2,736
1,341
665
6,048
9,066
2,103
21,959
72,014 $
(80)
(120)
67
600
(600)
(852)
(894)
42
(852)
— $
868
8,074
7,068
3,549
476
8,037
9,026
23,523
11,800
10,100
10,600
93,121
1,842
1,341
707
6,048
9,066
2,103
21,107
72,014
The fair value of acquisition-related intangible assets includes customer relationships, technology and technical know-how,
backlog and trade name. Backlog and trade name are included in the line item "Other intangible assets, net" in the Consolidated Balance
48
Sheet. Customer relationships were valued using an income approach, specifically the Multi Period Excess Earnings method, which
incorporates assumptions regarding retention rate, new customer growth and customer related costs. Trade name and technology and
technical know-how were both valued using a Relief from Royalty method, which develops a market based royalty rate used to reflect
the after tax royalty savings attributable to owning the intangible asset. The fair value of backlog was determined using a net realizable
value methodology, and was computed as the present value of the expected sales attributable to backlog less the remaining costs to
fulfill the backlog.
The purchase price was allocated to specific intangible assets as follows:
Weighted Average
Amortization Period
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying Amount
At March 31, 2023
Intangibles subject to amortization:
Customer relationships .................................
Technology and technical know-how...........
Backlog.........................................................
20 years
20 years
4 years
Intangibles not subject to amortization:
Tradename ....................................................
Indefinite
$
$
$
11,800
10,100
3,900
25,800
6,700
$
$
$
1,082
926
2,990
4,998
$
$
10,718
9,174
910
20,802
— $
6,700
Technology and technical know-how and customer relationships are amortized in selling, general and administrative expense
on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives. Backlog is amortized in cost of products sold over the projected conversion
period based on management estimates at time of purchase. Intangible amortization was $2,476 and $2,522 for fiscal 2023 and 2022,
respectively. The estimated annual amortization expense is as follows:
2024 ................................................................................................................................ $
2025 ................................................................................................................................
2026 ................................................................................................................................
2027 ................................................................................................................................
2028 ................................................................................................................................
2029 and thereafter .........................................................................................................
Total intangible amortization.......................................................................................... $
Annual
Amortization
1,782
1,318
1,095
1,095
1,095
14,417
20,802
The Consolidated Statement of Operations for fiscal 2022 includes net sales of BN of $47,865. The following unaudited pro
forma information presents the consolidated results of operations of the Company as if the BN acquisition had occurred at the
beginning of each of the fiscal periods presented:
Net sales.........................................................................................
Net (loss) income...........................................................................
(Loss) earnings per share
Basic .........................................................................................
Diluted ......................................................................................
$
$
$
For the Year Ended
March 31,
2022
134,627
(7,196)
(0.68)
(0.68)
$
$
$
2021
155,409
5,067
0.48
0.48
The unaudited pro forma information presents the combined operating results of Graham Corporation and BN, with the results
prior to the acquisition date adjusted to include the pro forma impact of the adjustment of depreciation of fixed assets based on the
purchase price allocation, the adjustment to interest income reflecting the cash paid in connection with the acquisition, including
acquisition-related expenses, at the Company's weighted average interest income rate, interest expense and loan origination fees at the
Company's current interest rate, amortization expense related to the fair value adjustments for intangible assets, non-recurring
acquisition-related costs and the impact of income taxes on the pro forma adjustments utilizing the applicable statutory tax rate.
The unaudited pro forma results are presented for illustrative purposes only. These pro forma results do not purport to be
indicative of the results that would have actually been obtained if the acquisition occurred as of the beginning of each of the periods
presented, nor does the pro forma data intend to be a projection of results that may be obtained in the future.
49
Note 3 – Revenue Recognition:
The Company recognizes revenue on all contracts when control of the product is transferred to the customer. Control is
generally transferred when products are shipped, title is transferred, significant risks of ownership have transferred, the Company has
rights to payment, and rewards of ownership pass to the customer.
The following tables present the Company's net sales disaggregated by market and geographic area:
Market
Refining.................................................................................... $
Chemical/Petrochemical...........................................................
Defense.....................................................................................
Space ........................................................................................
Other Commercial ....................................................................
Net sales ................................................................................... $
2023
27,270
21,950
65,327
21,180
21,391
157,118
Geographic Area
Asia........................................................................................... $
Canada ......................................................................................
Middle East...............................................................................
South America..........................................................................
U.S............................................................................................
All other....................................................................................
Net sales ................................................................................... $
2023
16,040
4,464
2,914
3,021
127,519
3,160
157,118
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
$
$
24,406
15,955
62,189
5,744
14,520
122,814
$
$
39,713
24,019
23,939
—
9,818
97,489
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
$
$
13,687
3,583
2,489
1,972
97,718
3,365
122,814
$
$
25,614
6,538
4,843
6,202
52,724
1,568
97,489
The final destination of products shipped is the basis used to determine net sales by geographic area. No sales were made to
the terrorist sponsoring nations of Cuba, Iran, North Korea or Syria.
A performance obligation represents a promise in a contract to provide a distinct good or service to a customer. The Company
accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms
are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. Transaction price reflects the
amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferred products. A contract’s transaction
price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and revenue is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied. In certain
cases, the Company may separate a contract into more than one performance obligation, while in other cases, several products may be
part of a fully integrated solution and are bundled into a single performance obligation. If a contract is separated into more than one
performance obligation, the Company allocates the total transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount based on the
estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods underlying each performance obligation. The Company has made an
accounting policy election to exclude from the measurement of the contract price all taxes assessed by government authorities that are
collected by the Company from its customers. The Company does not adjust the contract price for the effects of a financing component
if the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when a product is transferred to a customer and when the customer
pays for the product will be one year or less.
The Company recognizes revenue over time when contract performance results in the creation of a product for which the
Company does not have an alternative use and the contract includes an enforceable right to payment in an amount that corresponds
directly with the value of the performance completed. To measure progress towards completion on performance obligations for which
revenue is recognized over time the Company utilizes an input method based upon a ratio of direct labor hours incurred to date to
management’s estimate of the total labor hours to be incurred on each contract, an input method based upon a ratio of total contract costs
incurred to date to management's estimate of the total contract costs to be incurred or an output method based upon completion of
operational milestones, depending upon the nature of the contract. The Company has established the systems and procedures essential
to developing the estimates required to account for performance obligations over time. These procedures include monthly review by
management of costs incurred, progress towards completion, identified risks and opportunities, sourcing determinations, changes in
estimates of costs yet to be incurred, availability of materials, and execution by subcontractors. Sales and earnings are adjusted on a
cumulative catch-up basis in current accounting periods based upon revisions in the contract value due to pricing changes and estimated
costs at completion. Losses on contracts are recognized immediately when evident to management. Revenue on the majority of the
Company’s contracts, as measured by number of contracts, is recognized upon shipment to the customer. Revenue on larger contracts,
which are fewer in number but generally represent the majority of revenue, is recognized over time as these contracts meet specific
50
criteria established in ASC 606. The following table presents the Company's revenue percentages disaggregated by revenue recognized
over time or upon shipment:
Revenue recognized over time ...................
Revenue recognized at shipment ................
74%
26%
75%
25%
60%
40%
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
In fiscal 2021, revenue recognized over time as a percentage of total revenue was lower as compared with the other years due
to limited production on large contracts during the first quarter of fiscal 2021 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the
completion of two large projects in China which did not meet the criteria for recognizing revenue over time.
The timing of revenue recognition, invoicing and cash collections affect trade accounts receivable, unbilled revenue (contract
assets) and customer deposits (contract liabilities) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unbilled revenue represents revenue on contracts
that is recognized over time and exceeds the amount that has been billed to the customer. Unbilled revenue is separately presented in
the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company may receive a progress payment from a customer, which is recorded as a customer
deposit or have an unconditional right to receive a customer deposit prior to revenue being recognized. Because the performance
obligations related to such customer deposits may not have been satisfied, a contract liability is recorded and an offsetting asset of equal
amount is recorded as a trade accounts receivable until the deposit is collected. Customer deposits are separately presented in the
Consolidated Balance Sheets. Customer deposits are not considered a significant financing component as they are generally received
less than one year before the product is completed or used to procure specific material on a contract, as well as related overhead costs
incurred during design and construction.
Net contract assets (liabilities) consisted of the following:
March 31, 2023
March 31, 2022
Change
Change due to
revenue
recognized
Change due to
invoicing
customers/
additional
deposits
Unbilled revenue (contract assets) ................. $
Customer deposits (contract liabilities)..........
Net contract (liabilities) assets ..................... $
$
39,684
(46,042)
(6,358) $
25,570
(25,644)
$
(74) $
$
14,114
(20,398)
(6,284)
84,794
22,366
$
(70,680)
(42,764)
Contract liabilities at March 31, 2023 and 2022 include $6,092 and $4,216, respectively, of customer deposits for which the
Company has an unconditional right to collect payment. Trade accounts receivable, as presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets,
includes corresponding balances at March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Receivables billed but not paid under retainage provisions in the Company’s customer contracts were $2,542 and $3,182 at
March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Incremental costs to obtain a contract consist of sales employee and agent commissions. Commissions paid to employees and
sales agents are capitalized when paid and amortized to Selling, general and administrative expense when the related revenue is
recognized. Capitalized costs, net of amortization, to obtain a contract were $22 and $32 at March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and
are included in the line item Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The related amortization
expense was $46, $166 and $600 in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.
The Company's remaining unsatisfied performance obligations represent a measure of the total dollar value of work to be
performed on contracts awarded and in progress. The Company also refers to this measure as backlog. As of March 31, 2023, the
Company had remaining unsatisfied performance obligations of $301,734. The Company expects to recognize revenue on
approximately 50% to 55% of the remaining performance obligations within one year, 25% to 30% in one to two years and the remaining
beyond two years.
51
Note 4 – Inventories:
Major classifications of inventories are as follows:
Raw materials and supplies........................................................ $
Work in process .........................................................................
Finished products .......................................................................
$
Note 5 – Property, Plant and Equipment:
Major classifications of property, plant and equipment are as follows:
Land and land improvements..................................................... $
Buildings and leasehold improvements .....................................
Machinery and equipment..........................................................
Construction in progress ............................................................
Less – accumulated depreciation and amortization ...................
$
March 31,
2023
2022
4,344 $
20,554
1,395
26,293 $
4,145
11,631
1,638
17,414
March 31,
2023
2022
450 $
23,112
41,398
2,518
67,478
41,955
25,523 $
450
22,820
39,905
228
63,403
38,519
24,884
Depreciation expense in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 was $3,511, $3,077, and $1,945, respectively.
Note 6 – Product Warranty Liability:
The reconciliation of the changes in the product warranty liability is as follows:
Balance at beginning of year...................................................... $
BN warranty accrual acquired....................................................
Expense for product warranties..................................................
Product warranty claims paid.....................................................
Balance at end of year ................................................................ $
441 $
—
364
(227)
578 $
626
169
386
(740)
441
Year ended March 31,
2022
2023
The product warranty liability is included in the line item "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities" in the Consolidated
Balance Sheets.
Note 7 - Leases:
The Company leases certain manufacturing facilities, office space, machinery and office equipment. An arrangement is
considered to contain a lease if it conveys the right to use and control an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
If it is determined that an arrangement contains a lease, then a classification of a lease as operating or finance is determined by evaluating
the five criteria outlined in the lease accounting guidance at inception. Leases generally have remaining terms of one year to five years,
whereas leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The depreciable life
of leased assets related to finance leases is limited by the expected term of the lease, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option
that the Company believes is reasonably certain of exercise. Certain leases include options to renew or terminate. Renewal options are
exercisable per the discretion of the Company and vary based on the nature of each lease. The term of the lease includes renewal periods
only if the Company is reasonably certain that it will exercise the renewal option. When determining if a renewal option is reasonably
certain of being exercised, the Company considers several factors, including but not limited to, the cost of moving to another location,
the cost of disrupting operations, whether the purpose or location of the leased asset is unique and the contractual terms associated with
extending the lease. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or any material restrictive covenants
and the Company does not sublease to any third parties. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any material leases that have
been signed but not commenced.
Right-of-use ("ROU") lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease
payments over the lease term at commencement date. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease
52
term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make payments in exchange for that right of use. Finance lease ROU
assets and operating lease ROU assets are included in the line items "Property, plant and equipment, net" and "Operating lease assets",
respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The current portion and non-current portion of finance and operating lease liabilities
are all presented separately in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company previously entered into operating leases with Ascent Properties Group, LLC ("Ascent"), a limited liability
company of which our Chief Executive Officer holds a majority interest, for an office and manufacturing building in Arvada, Colorado,
as well as machinery and equipment. During fiscal 2023, the Company entered into an additional lease with Ascent for another
manufacturing building in Arvada, Colorado. In connection with such leases, the Company made fixed minimum lease payments to the
lessor of $843 and $707 in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. Future minimum lease payments under these leases as of March 31, 2023
are $6,738.
The discount rate implicit within the Company's leases is generally not readily determinable, and therefore, the Company uses
an incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments based on rates available at commencement.
The weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate for finance and operating leases are as follows:
Finance Leases
Weighted-average remaining lease term in years.....................
Weighted-average discount rate ...............................................
Operating Leases
Weighted-average remaining lease term in years.....................
Weighted-average discount rate ...............................................
The components of lease expense are as follows:
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets................................... $
Interest on lease liabilities.................................................
Operating lease cost ............................................................
Short-term lease cost...........................................................
Total lease cost.................................................................... $
March 31,
2023
2022
4.45
7.98%
7.00
3.25%
1.42
10.67%
7.54
3.27%
Year Ended March 31,
2023
2022
24 $
4
1,394
17
1,439 $
20
5
1,309
33
1,367
Operating lease costs during fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 were included within Cost of sales and Selling, general
and administrative expenses.
As of March 31, 2023, future minimum payments required under non-cancelable leases are:
Operating
Leases
Finance
Leases
2024 ........................................................................................... $
2025 ...........................................................................................
2026 ...........................................................................................
2027 ...........................................................................................
2028 and thereafter....................................................................
Total lease payments .................................................................
Less – amount representing interest ..........................................
Present value of net minimum lease payments ......................... $
1,281 $
1,295
1,309
1,349
4,328
9,562
1,042
8,520 $
36
26
26
26
21
135
21
114
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities were $1,169 and $328 in fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022,
respectively.
53
Note 8 - Debt:
On June 1, 2021, the Company entered into a $20,000 five-year term loan with Bank of America. The term loan requires
monthly principal payments of $167 through June 1, 2026, with the remaining principal amount plus all interest due on the maturity
date. The interest rate on the term loan is the applicable Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield Index ("BSBY"), plus 1.50%, subject to a
0.00% floor.
Long term debt is comprised of the following:
March 31,
2023
2022
Bank of America term loan........................................................................ $
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs.......................................................
Less: current portion ..................................................................................
Total ........................................................................................................... $
12,500
(756)
11,744
2,000
9,744
$
$
As of March 31, 2023, future minimum payments required were as follows:
2024.................................................................................................................................. $
2025..................................................................................................................................
2026..................................................................................................................................
2027..................................................................................................................................
2028..................................................................................................................................
2029 and thereafter...........................................................................................................
Total ............................................................................................................................. $
18,500
(122)
18,378
2,000
16,378
2,000
2,000
8,500
—
—
—
12,500
On June 1, 2021, the Company entered into a five-year revolving credit facility with Bank of America that provides a $30,000
line of credit, including letters of credit and bank guarantees, expandable at the Company's option and the bank's approval at any time
up to $40,000. As of March 31, 2023 and 2022, there was no amount outstanding on the line of credit. Amounts outstanding under the
facility agreement bear interest at a rate equal to BSBY plus 1.50%, subject to a 0.00% floor. As of March 31, 2023 and 2022, the
BSBY rate was 4.92% and 0.13083%, respectively. Outstanding letters of credit under this agreement are subject to a fee of 1.50% per
annum of the outstanding undrawn amount of each letter of credit that is not secured by cash and 0.60% of each letter of credit that is
secured by cash. Amounts available for borrowing under the revolving credit facility are subject to an unused commitment fee of 0.25%.
As of March 31, 2023, there was $5,874 letters of credit outstanding with Bank of America.
Under the original Bank of America term loan agreement and revolving credit facility, the Company covenanted to maintain a
maximum total leverage ratio, as defined in such agreements, of 3.0 to 1.0, with an allowable increase to 3.25 to 1.0 following an
acquisition for a period of twelve months following the closing of the acquisition. In addition, the Company covenanted to maintain a
minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, as defined in such agreements, of 1.2 to 1.0 and minimum margined assets, as defined in such
agreements, of 100% of total amounts outstanding on the revolving credit facility, including letters of credit. At December 31, 2021,
the Company was out of compliance with its bank agreement covenants and was granted a waiver for noncompliance by Bank of
America.
The Company has entered into amendment agreements with Bank of America since origination. Under the amended
agreements, the Company is not required to comply with the maximum total leverage ratio and the minimum fixed charge coverage
ratio covenants contained in the original term loan agreement for the periods ending December 31, 2021 and March 31, June 30 and
September 30, 2022. The principal balance outstanding on the line of credit may not exceed $15,000, unless letters of credit exceed
$11,500, in which case the limit is $17,000, until the compliance date. The compliance date is defined as the date on which Bank of
America has received all required financial information with respect to the Company for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023 and no
event of default exists. In addition, on or before September 1, 2023 and at all times thereafter, all of the Company's deposit accounts,
except certain accounts, will be either subject to a deposit account control agreement or maintained with Bank of America. The Company
covenants to maintain EBITDA, as defined in such amendment, of at least ($700) for the twelve-month period ending June 30, 2022
and $1,800 for the twelve-month period ending September 30, 2022; maintain a total maximum leverage ratio of 4.0 to 1.0 for the
twelve-month period ending December 31, 2022 and 3.0 to 1.0 for the period ending March 31, 2023; and maintain liquidity, as defined
in such amendment, of at least $10,000 prior to the occurrence of the compliance date and $20,000 from and after the occurrence of the
compliance date. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with the amended financial covenants of its loan agreement.
At March 31, 2023, the amount available under the revolving credit facility was $10,016, subject to the above liquidity and leverage
covenants.
54
In connection with the waiver and amendments discussed above, the Company is required to pay a back-end fee of $725 to
Bank of America payable upon the earliest to occur of (i) any default or event of default, (ii) the last date of availability under the
revolving credit facility, and (iii) repayment in full of all principal, interest, fees and other obligations, which may be waived or cancelled
if certain criteria are met.
The Company has a letter of credit facility agreement with HSBC Bank USA, N.A. of $7,500. Under the agreement, the
Company incurs an annual facility fee of $5 and outstanding letters of credit are subject to a fee of between 0.75% and 0.85%, depending
on the term of the letter of credit. Interest is payable on the principal amounts of unreimbursed letter of credit draws under the facility
at a rate of 3% plus the bank's prime rate. The Company's obligations under the agreement are secured by cash held with the bank. As
of March 31, 2023, there was $6,813 letters of credit outstanding with HSBC and availability under the letter of credit facility was $687.
The agreement is subject to an annual renewal by the bank on July 31 of each year.
Letters of credit outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and 2022 were $12,842 and $12,233, respectively.
Note 9 - Financial Instruments and Derivative Financial Instruments:
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash
equivalents, and trade accounts receivable. The Company places its cash, cash equivalents with high credit quality financial institutions,
and evaluates the credit worthiness of these financial institutions on a regular basis. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade
accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company's customer base and their geographic
dispersion. At March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no significant concentrations of credit risk.
Letters of Credit
The Company has entered into standby letter of credit agreements with financial institutions relating to the guarantee of future
performance on certain contracts. At March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company was contingently liable on outstanding standby letters of
credit aggregating $12,842 and $12,233, respectively.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The estimates of the fair value of financial instruments are summarized as follows:
Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short-term
maturity of these instruments and are considered Level 1 assets in the fair value hierarchy.
Short-term and long-term debt: The carrying values of credit facilities with variable rates of interest approximates fair values
and is considered a Level 2 liability in the fair value hierarchy.
Note 10 – Income Taxes:
An analysis of the components of income (loss) before provision (benefit) for income taxes is presented below:
United States ............................................................................ $
Asia ..........................................................................................
$
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
(11,954) $
738
(11,216) $
(66) $
627
561 $
2021
(602)
3,869
3,267
55
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of:
Current:
Federal .................................................................................. $
State ......................................................................................
Foreign .................................................................................
Deferred:
Federal ..................................................................................
State ......................................................................................
Foreign .................................................................................
Changes in valuation allowance ...........................................
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes ............................... $
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
37 $
204
73
314
(89)
(82)
93
(42)
(120)
194 $
(31) $
72
749
790
(2,648)
(155)
(423)
(7)
(3,233)
(2,443) $
924
62
468
1,454
(960)
(116)
508
7
(561)
893
The reconciliation of the provision (benefit) calculated using the U.S. federal tax rate with the provision (benefit) for income
taxes presented in the consolidated financial statements is as follows:
Provision (benefit) for income taxes at federal rate ................. $
State taxes.................................................................................
Charges not deductible for income tax purposes......................
Stock based compensation........................................................
Research and development tax credits .....................................
Valuation allowance .................................................................
Difference in federal rate..........................................................
Nondeductible fringe benefits ..................................................
Foreign withholding tax ...........................................................
Foreign tax credit......................................................................
Foreign-derived intangible income deduction..........................
Global intangible low-taxed income ........................................
Net operating loss carryback ....................................................
Other .........................................................................................
Provision for income taxes ....................................................... $
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
118
92
26
114
(240)
(42)
27
44
—
—
—
55
—
—
194
$
$
(2,355) $
(96)
147
—
(295)
(7)
31
—
138
—
(2)
—
—
(4)
(2,443) $
686
(35)
158
—
(172)
7
156
—
—
(84)
(81)
405
(146)
(1)
893
56
The net deferred income tax asset (liability) recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets results from differences between
financial statement and tax reporting of income and deductions. A summary of the composition of the Company's net deferred income
tax asset (liability) follows:
March 31,
2023
2022
Depreciation ............................................................................... $
Accrued compensation ...............................................................
Goodwill.....................................................................................
Prepaid pension asset .................................................................
Accrued pension liability ...........................................................
Accrued postretirement benefits ................................................
Compensated absences...............................................................
Inventories..................................................................................
Warranty liability .......................................................................
Accrued expenses.......................................................................
Equity-based compensation .......................................................
Allowance for doubtful accounts ...............................................
Operating lease assets ................................................................
Operating lease liabilities ...........................................................
Acquisition costs ........................................................................
Intangible assets .........................................................................
New York State investment tax credit .......................................
Research and development tax credit.........................................
Research and development credit carryforward.........................
Net operating loss carryforwards ...............................................
Capital loss related to sale of Energy Steel ................................
Other...........................................................................................
Less: Valuation allowance ........................................................
Total ....................................................................................... $
(3,117) $
309
(224)
(1,355)
245
79
567
(10)
135
1,276
230
422
(1,894)
1,963
142
236
1,066
1,243
367
2,205
4,211
(129)
7,967
(5,277)
2,690 $
(3,345)
362
180
(1,557)
291
105
515
899
99
1,230
240
—
(1,954)
1,990
152
158
1,108
240
—
2,748
4,211
26
7,698
(5,319)
2,379
Deferred income taxes include the impact of state investment tax credits of $272, which expire from 2024 to 2036 and state
investment tax credits of $794, which have an unlimited carryforward period.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers, within each taxing jurisdiction, whether it is more
likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Management considers the scheduled reversal of
deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on the consideration
of the weight of both positive and negative evidence, management determined that a portion of the deferred tax assets as of March 31,
2023 and 2022 related to certain state investment tax credits and the capital loss related to Energy Steel would not be realized, and
recorded a valuation allowance of $5,277 and $5,319, respectively.
The Company files federal and state income tax returns in several domestic and international jurisdictions.
In most tax
jurisdictions, returns are subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities for a number of years after the returns have been filed.
The Company is subject to U.S. federal examination for tax years 2019 through 2022 and examination in state tax jurisdictions for tax
years 2018 through 2022. The Company is subject to examination in the People's Republic of China for tax years 2019 through 2022
and in India for tax years 2019 through 2022. The liability for unrecognized tax benefits was $0 at each of March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Note 11 – Employee Benefit Plans:
Retirement Plans
The Company has a qualified defined benefit plan covering Batavia based employees hired prior to January 1, 2003, which is
non-contributory. Benefits are based on the employee's years of service and average earnings for the five highest consecutive calendar
years of compensation in the ten-year period preceding retirement. The Company's funding policy for the plan is to contribute the
amount required by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
57
The components of pension (benefit) cost are:
Service cost during the period.................................................. $
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation ............................
Expected return on assets .........................................................
Amortization of:
Actuarial loss........................................................................
Net pension cost (benefit) ........................................................ $
333 $
373 $
1,185
(2,169)
1,147
(2,727)
633
(18) $
669
(538) $
461
1,211
(2,513)
1,039
198
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
The components of net pension (benefit) cost other than the service cost component are included in ''Other income'' in the
Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The weighted average actuarial assumptions used to determine net pension cost are:
Discount rate .........................................................................
Rate of increase in compensation levels ...............................
Long-term rate of return on plan assets ................................
3.66%
3.00%
5.50%
3.21%
3.00%
6.50%
3.44%
3.00%
6.50%
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
The expected long-term rate of return is based on the mix of investments that comprise plan assets and external forecasts of
future long-term investment returns, historical returns, correlations and market volatilities.
The Company does not expect to make any contributions to the plan during fiscal 2024.
Changes in the Company's benefit obligation, plan assets and funded status for the pension plan are presented below:
Year ended March 31,
2023
2022
Change in the benefit obligation
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year ................................. $
Service cost ...........................................................................................
Interest cost ...........................................................................................
Actuarial loss ........................................................................................
Benefit payments ..................................................................................
Liability released through annuity purchase .........................................
Projected benefit obligation at end of year ........................................... $
Change in fair value of plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year....................................... $
Actual return on plan assets ..................................................................
Benefit and administrative expense payments ......................................
Annuities purchased..............................................................................
Fair value of plan assets at end of year ................................................. $
32,991
333
1,185
(5,364)
(1,116)
(1,383)
26,646
40,049
(4,797)
(1,116)
(1,383)
32,753
Funded status
Funded status at end of year.................................................................. $
Amount recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets ..................... $
6,107
6,107
The weighted average actuarial assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation are:
$
$
$
$
$
$
36,320
373
1,147
(2,486)
(1,084)
(1,279)
32,991
42,536
(124)
(1,084)
(1,279)
40,049
7,058
7,058
Discount rate............................................................................
Rate of increase in compensation levels..................................
5.03%
3.00%
3.66%
3.00%
March 31,
2023
2022
58
During fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, the pension plan released liabilities for vested benefits of certain participants through the
purchase of nonparticipating annuity contracts with a third-party insurance company. As a result of these transactions, in fiscal 2023
and fiscal 2022, the projected benefit obligation and plan assets decreased $1,383 and $1,279, respectively. The projected benefit
obligation is the actuarial present value of benefits attributable to employee service rendered to date, including the effects of estimated
future pay increases. The accumulated benefit obligation reflects the actuarial present value of benefits attributable to employee service
rendered to date, but does not include the effects of estimated future pay increases. The accumulated benefit obligation as of March 31,
2023 and 2022 was $23,784 and $29,943, respectively. At March 31, 2023 and 2022, the pension plan was fully funded on an
accumulated benefit obligation basis.
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income tax, consist of:
Net actuarial loss........................................................................ $
7,506 $
6,753
March 31,
2023
2022
The increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income tax, consists of:
Net actuarial loss arising during the year................................... $
Amortization of actuarial loss....................................................
$
March 31,
2023
2022
1,246 $
(493)
753 $
284
(521)
(237)
The following benefit payments, which reflect future service, are expected to be paid during the fiscal years ending March 31:
2024 .............................................................................................. $
2025 ..............................................................................................
2026 ..............................................................................................
2027 ..............................................................................................
2028 ..............................................................................................
2029-2033 .....................................................................................
Total.......................................................................................... $
1,128
1,145
1,108
1,118
1,227
7,704
13,430
The weighted average asset allocation of the plan assets by asset category is as follows:
Asset Category
Target
Allocation
March 31,
2023
2022
Equity securities................................................................
Debt securities...................................................................
20%
80%
20%
80%
100%
21%
79%
100%
The investment strategy of the plan is to generate a consistent total investment return sufficient to pay present and future plan
benefits to retirees, while minimizing the long-term cost to the Company. Target allocations for asset categories are used to earn a
reasonable rate of return, provide required liquidity and minimize the risk of large losses. Targets are adjusted when considered
necessary to reflect trends and developments within the overall investment environment.
59
The fair values of the Company's pension plan assets at March 31, 2023 and 2022, by asset category, are as follows:
Asset Category
Cash............................................................... $
Fair Value Measurements Using
Quoted prices in
active markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
Significant other
observable inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
At
March 31, 2023
91 $
91 $
— $
Equity securities:
U.S. companies..........................................
International companies ............................
3,824
2,555
3,824
2,555
—
—
Fixed income:
Corporate bond funds
Long-term..............................................
26,283
32,753 $
$
26,283
32,753 $
—
— $
Asset Category
Cash .............................................................. $
Fair Value Measurements Using
Quoted prices in
active markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
Significant other
observable inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
98 $
98 $
— $
At
March 31, 2022
Equity securities:
U.S. companies .........................................
International companies............................
5,861
2,462
5,861
2,462
—
—
Fixed income:
Corporate bond funds
Long-term .............................................
31,628
40,049 $
$
31,628
40,049 $
—
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
The fair value of Level 1 pension assets is obtained by reference to the last quoted price of the respective security on the market
which it trades. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
On February 4, 2003, the Company closed the defined benefit plan to all employees hired on or after January 1, 2003. In place
of the defined benefit plan, these employees participate in the Company's domestic defined contribution plan. The Company contributes
a fixed percentage of employee compensation to this plan on an annual basis for these employees. The Company's contribution to the
defined contribution plan for these employees in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 was $1,030, $710 and $430, respectively.
The Company has an unfunded Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") which provides retirement benefits
associated with wages in excess of the legislated qualified plan maximums. Pension expense recorded in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022, and
fiscal 2021 related to this plan was $74, $346 and $105, respectively. The weighted average discount rate used to determine pension
expense for this plan was 3.64%, 3.21% and 3.44% for fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. The weighted average rate
of increase in compensation levels used to develop pension expense for this plan was 3% in each of fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal
2021. At March 31, 2023 and 2022, the projected benefit obligation was $1,104 and $1,320, respectively, and is included in the caption
"Accrued Pension and Postretirement Benefit Liabilities" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amounts recognized in accumulated
other comprehensive loss, net of income tax, consist of a net actuarial loss of ($47) and $123 at March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
The Company has a domestic defined contribution plan (401(k)) covering substantially all employees. The Company provides
matching contributions equal to 100% of the first 3% of an employee's salary deferral and 50% of the next 2% percent of an employee's
salary deferral. Company contributions are immediately vested. Contributions were $1,904 in fiscal 2023, $1,365 in fiscal 2022 and
$863 in fiscal 2021.
60
Other Postretirement Benefits
In addition to providing pension benefits, the Company has a plan in the U.S. that provides health care benefits for eligible
retirees and eligible survivors of retirees. The Company's share of the medical premium cost has been capped at $4 for family coverage
and $2 for single coverage for early retirees, and $1 for both family and single coverage for regular retirees.
On February 4, 2003, the Company terminated postretirement health care benefits for its U.S. employees. Benefits payable to
retirees of record on April 1, 2003 remained unchanged.
The components of postretirement benefit expense are:
Interest cost on accumulated benefit obligation....................... $
Amortization of actuarial loss ..................................................
Net postretirement benefit expense.......................................... $
15 $
12
27 $
13 $
25
38 $
18
27
45
2023
Year ended March 31,
2022
2021
Net postretirement benefit expense is included in ''Other income'' in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The weighted average discount rates used to develop the net postretirement benefit cost were 3.32%, 2.34% and 3.01% in fiscal
2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.
Changes in the Company's benefit obligation, plan assets and funded status for the plan are as follows:
Change in the benefit obligation
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year .................. $
Interest cost ............................................................................
Actuarial loss (gain)...............................................................
Benefit payments ...................................................................
Projected benefit obligation at end of year ............................ $
Change in fair value of plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year........................ $
Employer contribution ...........................................................
Benefit payments ...................................................................
Fair value of plan assets at end of year .................................. $
Year ended March 31,
2022
2023
478 $
15
(95)
(43)
355 $
— $
43
(43)
— $
587
13
(66)
(56)
478
—
56
(56)
—
Funded status
Funded status at end of year .................................................. $
Amount recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets .......... $
(355) $
(355) $
(478)
(478)
The weighted average actuarial assumptions used to develop the accrued postretirement benefit obligation were:
Discount rate............................................................................
Medical care cost trend rate.....................................................
4.76%
7.00%
3.32%
7.00%
March 31,
2023
2022
The medical care cost trend rate used in the actuarial computation ultimately reduces to 4.5% in 2027 and subsequent years.
This was accomplished using 0.5% decrements for the years ended March 31, 2023 through 2028.
The current portion of the accrued postretirement benefit obligation of $49 and $63, at March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively,
is included in the caption "Accrued Compensation" and the long-term portion is included in the caption "Accrued Pension and
Postretirement Liabilities" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
61
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income tax, consist of:
Net actuarial loss........................................................................ $
11 $
94
March 31,
2023
2022
The decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income tax, consists of:
Net actuarial gain arising during the year .................................. $
Amortization of actuarial loss....................................................
$
March 31,
2023
2022
(74) $
(9)
(83) $
(51)
(19)
(70)
The following benefit payments are expected to be paid during the fiscal years ending March 31:
2024 .............................................................................................. $
2025 ..............................................................................................
2026 ..............................................................................................
2027 ..............................................................................................
2028 ..............................................................................................
2029-2033 .....................................................................................
Total.......................................................................................... $
49
45
42
39
36
134
345
Note 12 - Stock Compensation Plans:
The 2020 Graham Corporation Equity Incentive Plan (the "2020 Plan") was approved by the Company’s stockholders at the
Annual Meeting on August 11, 2020 and provides for the issuance of 422 shares of common stock in connection with grants of incentive
stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock units and stock awards to officers, key employees and outside directors. The
shares available for issuance include 112 shares remaining available under the Company’s prior plan, the Amended and Restated 2000
Graham Corporation Incentive Plan to Increase Shareholder Value (the "2000 Plan"). As of August 11, 2020, the effective date of the
2020 Plan, no further awards will be granted under the 2000 Plan. However, 13 shares of unvested restricted stock under the 2000 Plan
remain subject to the terms of such plan until the time such awards expire or are exercised and such shares of restricted stock vest or are
forfeited. There were 256 shares available for future grants pursuant to the 2020 Plan at March 31, 2023.
The following grants of restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance stock units ("PSUs"), and restricted stock awards
("RSAs") were awarded:
Year Ended March 31,
2023
Time Vesting RSUs.........................
Performance Vesting PSUs .............
2022
Time Vested RSAs ..........................
Performance Vested RSAs ..............
2021
Time Vested RSAs ..........................
Performance Vested RSAs ..............
Vest 100% on First
Anniversary (1)
Directors
Vest One-Third Per Year
Over Three-Year Term (1)
Officers and
Key Employees
Vest 100% on Third
Anniversary (1)
Officers and
Key Employees
Total Shares
Awarded
37
0
22
0
21
0
56
0
54
0
38
0
33
112
0
88
0
54
(1) Subject to the terms of the applicable award.
126
112
76
88
59
54
62
Stock-based compensation cost and the related tax benefits were as follows:
Year Ended March 31,
2023 ...............................................................................................
2022 ...............................................................................................
2021 ...............................................................................................
Stock-Based
Compensation Cost
Related
Tax Benefits
785
780
817
173
173
193
The following table summarizes information about the Company's stock option awards during fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and
fiscal 2021:
Shares
Under
Option
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average Remaining
Contractual Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Outstanding at March 31, 2020................................
Exercised ..............................................................
Outstanding at March 31, 2021................................
Exercised ..............................................................
Expired .................................................................
Outstanding at March 31, 2022................................
Exercised ..............................................................
Expired .................................................................
Outstanding at March 31, 2023................................
Vested or expected to vest at March 31, 2023 .........
Exercisable at March 31, 2023.................................
37
—
37
—
(4)
33
—
(33)
—
—
—
18.92
18.92
21.19
18.65
18.65
As of March 31, 2023, there was $2,345 of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested
restricted stock. The Company expects to recognize this expense over a weighted average period of 1.76 years.
The following table summarizes information about the Company's RSAs, RSUs, and PSUs granted during fiscal 2023, fiscal
2022 and fiscal 2021:
Non-vested at March 31, 2020 ................................................
Granted ....................................................................................
Vested......................................................................................
Forfeited ..................................................................................
Non-vested at March 31, 2021 ................................................
Granted ....................................................................................
Vested......................................................................................
Forfeited ..................................................................................
Non-vested at March 31, 2022 ................................................
Granted ....................................................................................
Vested......................................................................................
Forfeited ..................................................................................
Non-vested at March 31, 2023 ................................................
Number of RSAs,
RSUs and PSUs
149
113
(43)
(54)
165
164
(58)
(112)
159
238
(35)
(57)
305
Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value
25.26
16.39
22.70
23.09
20.56
18.29
18.15
21.29
18.59
8.51
8.14
18.86
11.09
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
$
3,990
The Company has an Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (the "ESPP"), which allows eligible employees to purchase
shares of the Company's common stock at a discount of up to 15% of its fair market value on the (1) last, (2) first or (3) lower of the last
or first day of the six-month offering period. A total of 400 shares of common stock may be purchased under the ESPP. In fiscal 2023,
fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, 29, 18 and 21 shares, respectively, were issued from treasury stock to the ESPP for the offering periods in
each of the fiscal years. In fiscal 2023, 17 shares were issued from common stock. During fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, the
63
Company recognized stock-based compensation cost of $21, $29 and $47, respectively, related to the ESPP and $5, $7 and $11,
respectively, of related tax benefits.
Note 13 – Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss:
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component for fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022 are:
Pension and Other
Postretirement
Benefit Items
Foreign
Currency
Items
Balance at April 1, 2021............................................... $
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications.
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive loss ....................................................
Net current-period other comprehensive income .........
Balance at March 31, 2022...........................................
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications.
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive loss ....................................................
Net current-period other comprehensive income .........
Balance at March 31, 2023........................................... $
(7,698) $
(47)
301 $
198
775
728
(6,970)
(1,023)
523
(500)
(7,470) $
—
198
499
(492)
—
(492)
7 $
Total
(7,397)
151
775
926
(6,471)
(1,515)
523
(992)
(7,463)
The reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss by component are as follows:
Details about Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss Components
Year ended March 31, 2023
Amounts Reclassified from
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss
Affected Line Item in the
Consolidated Statements of
Operations
Pension and other postretirement benefit items:
Amortization of unrecognized prior service
benefit ................................................................ $
Amortization of actuarial loss...............................
$
—
(672) (1)
(672)
(149)
(523)
Income before provision for income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
Details about Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss Components
Year ended March 31, 2022
Amounts Reclassified from
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss
Affected Line Item in the
Consolidated Statements of
Operations
Pension and other postretirement benefit items:
Amortization of unrecognized prior service
benefit ................................................................ $
Amortization of actuarial loss...............................
$
—
(996) (1)
(996)
(221)
(775)
Income before provision for income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net income
(1)
These accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included within the computation of net periodic pension and other
postretirement benefit costs. See Note 11.
Note 14 - Segment Information:
The Company has one reporting segment as its operating segments meet the requirement for aggregation. The Company and
its operating subsidiaries design and manufacture mission critical fluid, power, heat transfer and vacuum technologies for the defense,
space, energy and process industries. The Company also services and sells spare parts for its equipment.
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for net sales by market and geographic area.
64
In fiscal 2023, the Company had two customers whose sales amounted to 15% and 12% of total consolidated net sales. In
fiscal 2022, the Company had two customers whose sales amounted to 12% and 10% of total consolidated net sales. In fiscal 2021, the
Company had two customers whose sales amounted to 12% and 11% of total consolidated net sales. One customer representing such
sales was the same customer in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021.
Note 15 – Purchase of Treasury Stock:
On January 29, 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program. Under the stock repurchase
program the Company is permitted to repurchase up to $18,000 of its common stock either in the open market or through privately
negotiated transactions. Cash on hand has been used to fund all stock repurchases under the program. No shares were purchased under
this program in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022 or fiscal 2021. Under the terms of our credit agreement with Bank of America, the Company
cannot repurchase shares of its common stock if the Company is in default or if such repurchase would result in an event of default
under the credit agreement.
Note 16 – Commitments and Contingencies:
The Company has been named as a defendant in lawsuits alleging personal injury from exposure to asbestos allegedly contained
in, or accompanying, products made by the Company. The Company is a co-defendant with numerous other defendants in these lawsuits
and intends to vigorously defend itself against these claims. The claims in the Company's current lawsuits are similar to those made in
previous asbestos-related suits that named the Company as a defendant, which either were dismissed when it was shown that the
Company had not supplied products to the plaintiffs' places of work or were settled for immaterial amounts. The Company cannot
provide any assurances that any pending or future matters will be resolved in the same manner as previous lawsuits.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company was subject to the claims noted above, as well as other legal proceedings and potential
claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of business. On April 4, 2023, Virgin Orbit Holdings, Inc. ("Virgin Orbit") commenced
voluntary proceedings under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code ("Chapter 11 Bankruptcy"). As a result, we recorded reserves of
$3,050 for accounts receivable and inventory related to Virgin Orbit during fiscal 2023.
Although the outcome of the lawsuits, legal proceedings or potential claims to which the Company is, or may become, a party
to cannot be determined and an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of loss cannot be made for the majority of the claims,
management does not believe that the outcomes, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the
Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Note 17 - Other Operating (Income) Expense, Net:
On November 29, 2021, the Company and Jeffrey F. Glajch entered into a Severance and Transition Agreement (the
"Agreement") pursuant to which Mr. Glajch agreed to retire from his position the earlier of June 30, 2022 or as of a date upon which the
Company and Mr. Glajch otherwise mutually agreed. On March 27, 2022, the Company and Mr. Glajch entered into an Amended and
Restated Severance and Transition Agreement (the "Amended Agreement") in which Mr. Glajch agreed to retire on April 15, 2022. Mr.
Glajch agreed to provide certain transition-related services to the Company for a period of nine months following the date of separation.
The Amended Agreement also provides that the company will pay Mr. Glajch a severance payment in an amount equal to nine months
of Mr. Glajch's base salary commencing in April 2022 as well as health care premiums. As a result, expense of $275 is recognized and
included in Other operating (income) expense, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations in Fiscal 2022. At March 31, 2022, the
related liability of $275 is included in Accrued compensation in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of March 31, 2023, the liability
was zero.
On August 9, 2021, the Company and James R. Lines entered into a Severance and Transition Agreement (the "Transition
Agreement") pursuant to which Mr. Lines resigned from his position as the Company's Chief Executive Officer and as a member of the
Board of Directors, and from positions he holds with all Company subsidiaries and affiliates, effective as of the close of business on
August 31, 2021. The Transition Agreement provides that for a period of 18 months following the separation date, Mr. Lines is paid
his base salary as well as health care premiums. As a result, expense of $798 is recognized and included in Other operating (income)
expense, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations in Fiscal 2022. At March 31, 2022, the related liability of $485 is included in
Accrued compensation in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. At March 31, 2023, the liability was zero.
During the second quarter ended September 30, 2021, the Company terminated the earn out agreement related to the acquisition
of BN (see Note 2), therefore the Company recognized a change in fair value of the contingent liability in the amount $1,900, which
was include in Other operating (income) expense, net in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations.
65
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not applicable.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Conclusion Regarding Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Vice President–Finance
and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure
controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K. Based upon, and as of the date of that evaluation, our
President and Chief Executive Officer and Vice President–Finance and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) concluded
that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective, in all material respects, to ensure that information required to be disclosed in
the reports we file and submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), is (i) recorded, processed,
summarized and reported as and when required and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our President
and Chief Executive Officer and Vice President-Finance and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding
required disclosure.
Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is
defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable,
not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no
evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our organization have
been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns
can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by
collusion of two or more people, or by management override. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain
assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving our stated
goals under all potential future conditions. Moreover, over time controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in the design of an internal
control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. However, these inherent limitations are known
features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate,
this risk.
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer (principal
executive officer) and Vice President–Finance and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) we conducted an assessment of
the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework established in Internal Control–Integrated
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the assessment under
this framework, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2023.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2023 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche
LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included in this Annual Report.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change to our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by
this Form 10-K that has materially affected, or that is reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Graham Corporation
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Graham Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of March 31,
2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal
control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB),
the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended March 31, 2023, of the Company and our report dated June 8, 2023,
expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
66
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of
the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be
independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of
the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness
exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such
other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in
accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention
or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Rochester, New York
June 8, 2023
We have served as the Company's auditor since 1993.
Item 9B. Other Information
Not applicable.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent Inspections
Not applicable.
67
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
PART III
Except as otherwise stated specifically in this response to Item 10, the information required by this Item 10 is incorporated
herein by reference from the statements under the headings "Election of Directors," "Executive Officers," and "Corporate Governance"
contained in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days after the year ended March
31, 2023. The information required by Item 10 regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is
incorporated by reference, if necessary, from the information under the heading "Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports" contained in our
proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days after the year ended March 31, 2023.
Code of Ethics. We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to our principal executive officer, principal
financial officer, and principal accounting officer. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics also applies to all of our other employees
and to our directors. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on our website located at www.grahamcorp.com by clicking
on the "Corporate Governance" heading in the "Investor Relations" tab. We intend to post any amendments to or waivers from our
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that apply to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting
officer, controller, or persons performing similar functions, on our website.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference from the statements under the headings "Executive
Compensation," "Pay Versus Performance," and "Director Compensation" contained in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days after the year ended March 31, 2023.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference from the statements under the headings "Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners," "Security Ownership of Management," and "Proposal Five: Approve First Amendment to
the Equity Incentive Plan - Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans as of March 31, 2023" contained in
our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days after the year ended March 31, 2023.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference from the statements under the headings "Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions" and "Corporate Governance" contained in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days after the year ended March 31, 2023.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by this Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference from the statements under the heading "Ratification
of the Appointment of our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm" contained in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days after the year ended March 31, 2023.
68
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
Part IV
We have filed our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K and have listed such financial
statements in the Index to Financial Statements included in Item 8. In addition, the financial statement schedule entitled "Schedule II -
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts" is filed as part of this Form 10-K under this Item 15.
All other schedules have been omitted since the required information is not present or is not present in amounts sufficient to
require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes
thereto.
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
(3)
Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws
3.1
3.2
Certificate of Incorporation of Graham Corporation, as amended, is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit
3.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008.
Amended and Restated By-laws of Graham Corporation is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.2 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015.
(4)
Instrument Defining the Rights of Security Holders, including Indentures
4.1
Description of Securities is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019.
(10) Material Contracts
Employment Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2021, between Graham Corporation and Daniel Thoren is incorporated
herein by reference from Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 1, 2021.
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated as of August 31, 2021 between Graham Corporation and
Daniel Thoren is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K
dated August 9, 2021.
Employment Agreement, dated as of March 7, 2022, between Graham Corporation and Christopher Thome is
incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 7,
2022.
Employment Agreement between Graham Corporation and Alan E. Smith executed August 1, 2007 with an effective
date of July 30, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.19 to the Company's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2008.
Amendment to Employment Agreement dated as of December 31, 2008 by and between Graham Corporation and
Alan E. Smith is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 99.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K
dated December 31, 2008.
Employment Agreement dated June 1, 2021, between Graham Corporation and Matthew Malone, is incorporated
herein by reference from Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31,
2022.
Form of Indemnification Agreement between Graham Corporation and each of its Directors and Officers is
incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 99.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 29,
2010.
Graham Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012.
Amendment to the Graham Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan is incorporated herein by reference
from Exhibit 99.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 24, 2016.
2020 Graham Corporation Equity Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020.
Graham Corporation Annual Stock-Based Long-Term Incentive Award Plan for Senior Executives in effect for the
fiscal year ending March 31, 2023 is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's Current
Report on Form 8-K dated May 23, 2022.
#10.1
#10.2
#10.3
#10.4
#10.5
#10.6
#10.7
#10.8
#10.9
#10.10
#10.11
69
#10.12
#10.13
#10.14
#10.15
#10.16
#10.17
#10.18
#10.19
#10.20
#10.21
10.22
10.23
10.24
10.25
10.26
10.27
10.28
10.29
Graham Corporation Annual Executive Cash Bonus Program in effect for Company's named executive officers for
the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023 is incorporate herein by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's Current
Report on Form 8-K dated June 2, 2022.
Form of Director Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022.
Form of Employee Performance Vesting Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from
Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022.
Form of Employee Time Vesting Restricted Stock Unit Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit
10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022.
Amended and Restated Performance Bonus Agreement between Graham Acquisition I, LLC and Barber-Nichols,
LLC is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended September 30, 2022.
Amended and Restated 2000 Graham Corporation Incentive Plan to Increase Shareholder Value is incorporated
herein by reference from Appendix A to the Company's definitive Proxy Statement for its 2016 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 13, 2016.
Form of Director Restricted Stock Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009.
Form of Employee Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to
the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009.
Form of Employee Time-Vested Restricted Stock Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.3
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013.
Form of Employee Performance-Vested Restricted Stock Agreement is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit
10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2013.
Pledge Agreement between the Company and HSBC Bank USA, National Association, dated May 1, 2020 is
incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 30,
2020.
Pledge Agreement between the Company and HSBC Bank USA, National Association, dated August 13, 2020 is
incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended September 30, 2020.
Letter Agreement dated October 28, 2020 between the Company and HSBC Bank USA, National Association is
incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 28,
2020.
Unit Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2021, between Graham Corporation, Graham Acquisition I, LLC, BNI
Holdings, Inc., and certain other parties thereto is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 1, 2021.
Loan Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2021, between Graham Corporation and Bank of America, N.A. is incorporated
herein by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 1, 2021.
Amendment to Loan Agreement and Waiver dated February 4, 2022 by and among Graham Corporation, Bank of
America, N.A., GHM Acquisition Corp., Graham Acquisition I, LLC, and Barber-Nichols, LLC is incorporated
herein by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period
ended December 31, 2021.
Second Amendment to Loan Agreement dated as of March 31, 2022, by and among Graham Corporation, Barber-
Nichols, LLC, GHM Acquisition Corp., Graham Acquisition I, LLC, and Bank of America, N.A. is incorporated
herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 31, 2022.
Third Amendment to Loan Agreement and Waiver dated as of June 7, 2022, by and among Graham Corporation,
Barber-Nichols, LLC, GHM Acquisition Corp., Graham Acquisition I, LLC, and Bank of America, N.A. is
incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.32 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended March 31, 2022.
10.30
Fourth Amendment to Loan Agreement and Waiver dated as of August 2, 2022, by and among Graham Corporation,
Barber-Nichols, LLC, GHM Acquisition Corp., Graham Acquisition I, LLC, and Bank of America, N.A. is
70
incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended September 30, 2022.
10.31
Fifth Amendment to Loan Agreement and Waiver dated as of September 6, 2022, by and among Graham Corporation,
Barber-Nichols, LLC, GHM Acquisition Corp., Graham Acquisition I, LLC, and Bank of America, N.A. is
incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended September 30, 2022.
(21) Subsidiaries of the registrant
*21.1
Subsidiaries of the registrant
(23) Consents of Experts and Counsel
*23.1
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
(31) Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications
*31.1
*31.2
Certification of Principal Executive Officer
Certification of Principal Financial Officer
(32) Section 1350 Certifications
**32.1
Section 1350 Certifications
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* Exhibits filed with this report.
** Exhibit furnished with this report.
# Management contract or compensatory plan.
71
GRAHAM CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(In Thousands)
Description
Year ended March 31, 2023
Balance at
Beginning
of Period
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses
Charged to
Other
Accounts
Deductions
Balance at
End of
Period
—
578
87
760
441
Reserves deducted from the asset to which they apply:
Reserve for doubtful accounts receivable..................... $
Reserves included in the balance sheet caption "accrued
expenses" ....................................................................... $
Product warranty liability ............................................. $
87
760
441
$
$
$
Year ended March 31, 2022
Reserves deducted from the asset to which they apply:
1,765
$
— $
(11) $
1,841
— $
$
364
— $
— $
(760) $
(227) $
Reserve for doubtful accounts receivable..................... $
29
$
163
Reserves included in the balance sheet caption "accrued
expenses" ....................................................................... $
Product warranty liability ............................................. $
— $
$
626
1,073
386
$
$
$
21
$
(126) $
— $
$
169
(313) $
(740) $
Year ended March 31, 2021
Reserves deducted from the asset to which they apply:
Reserve for doubtful accounts receivable..................... $
33
$
(4) $
— $
— $
29
Reserves included in the balance sheet caption "accrued
expenses"
Product warranty liability ............................................. $
359
$
344
$
— $
(77) $
626
Amounts under the column labeled "Charged to Other Accounts" above represent amounts acquired in the BN acquisition.
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary
None.
72
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this
annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SIGNATURES
June 8, 2023
GRAHAM CORPORATION
By: /s/ CHRISTOPHER J. THOME
Christopher J. Thome
Vice President-Finance,
Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and
Corporate Secretary
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons
on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
President and Chief Executive Officer and
Director (Principal Executive Officer)
June 8, 2023
Vice President-Finance, Chief
Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and
Corporate Secretary
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting
Officer)
June 8, 2023
Director
Director
Director
June 8, 2023
June 8, 2023
June 8, 2023
Director and Chairman of the Board
June 8, 2023
Director
Director
June 8, 2023
June 8, 2023
Signature
/s/ DANIEL J. THOREN
Daniel J. Thoren
/s/ CHRISTOPHER J. THOME
Christopher J. Thome
/s/ JAMES J. BARBER
James J. Barber
/s/ ALAN FORTIER
Alan Fortier
/s/ CARI L. JAROSLAWSKY
Cari L. Jaroslawsky
/s/ JONATHAN W. PAINTER
Jonathan W. Painter
/s/ LISA M. SCHNORR
Lisa M. Schnorr
/s/ TROY A. STONER
Troy A. Stoner
73
STOCKHOLDER INFORMATION
Stock Exchange Listing
NYSE: GHM
2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
August 22, 2023 at 9:00 am ET
to be held virtually via www.proxydocs.com/GHM
In order to attend the 2023 Annual Meeting,
you must register in advance at
www.proxydocs.com/GHM
Transfer Agent and Registrar
Computershare
P.O. Box 505000
Louisville, KY 40233
Overnight Delivery
Computershare
462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600
Louisville, KY 40202
U.S. Stockholders: (800) 288-9541
International Stockholders: (201) 680-6578
TDD U.S. Hearing Impaired: (800) 231-5469
TDD International Stockholders: (201) 680-6610
www.computershare.com/investor
Senior Executive Team
Daniel J. Thoren
President and Chief Executive Offff icer
Christopher J. Thome
Vice President-Finance, Chief Financial Offff icer,
Chief Accounting Offff icer and Corporate Secretary
Matthew J. Malone
Vice President and General Manager - Barber-Nichols
Alan E. Smith
Vice President and General Manager - Batavia
Board of Directors
Jonathan W. Painter 1, 2
Chairman, Director Since 2014
Chairman, Director, Kadant Inc.
James J. Barber, Ph.D. 1, 2*, 3
Director Since 2011
Independent Consultant and Principal,
Barber Advisors, LLC
Alan Fortier 2, 3*
Director Since 2008
President, Fortier & Associates, Inc.
Investor Relations
Investors, stockbrokers, security analysts and others
seeking information about Graham Corporation should
contact:
Cari L. Jaroslawsky 1, 3
Director Since 2022
Founder and President,
Compliance Right, LLC
Christopher J. Thome
Vice President-Finance, Chief Financial Offff icer,
Chief Accounting Offff icer and Corporate Secretary
Phone: (585) 343-2216
Email: cthome@graham-mfgf .com
Deborah K. Pawlowski
Kei Advisors LLC
Phone: (716) 843-3908
Email: dpawlowski@keiadvisors.com
Independent Auditors
Deloitte & Touche LLP
910 Bausch & Lomb Place
Rochester, New York 14604
Corporate Counsel
Harter Secrest & Emery LLP
1600 Bausch & Lomb Place
Rochester, New York 14604
Lisa M. Schnorr 1*, 2
Director Since 2014
Former Senior Vice President and
Project Lead, Digital Enablement,
Constellation Brands, Inc.
Troy A. Stoner 2, 3
Director Since 2022
Chief Executive Offff icer,
Argon ST, a Boeing Company
Daniel J. Thoren
Director Since 2021
President and Chief Executive Offff icer,
Graham Corporation
1 Audit Committee
2 Compensatitt on Committee
3 Nominatitt ngn and Corpr orate Governance Committee
* Committee ChCC air
NYSE: GHM
Graham Corporation
20 Florence Avenue | Batavia, New York 14020 | (585) 343-2216
www.grahamcorp.com